id sid tid token lemma pos 7960 1 1 Anne Anne NNP 7960 1 2 Soulard Soulard NNP 7960 1 3 , , , 7960 1 4 Charles Charles NNP 7960 1 5 Franks Franks NNP 7960 1 6 , , , 7960 1 7 Robert Robert NNP 7960 1 8 Fite Fite NNP 7960 1 9 , , , 7960 1 10 and and CC 7960 1 11 the the DT 7960 1 12 Online Online NNP 7960 1 13 Distributed Distributed NNP 7960 1 14 Proofreading Proofreading NNP 7960 1 15 Team Team NNP 7960 1 16 . . . 7960 2 1 EARLY early JJ 7960 2 2 EUROPEAN european NN 7960 2 3 HISTORY history NN 7960 2 4 BY by IN 7960 2 5 HUTTON HUTTON NNP 7960 2 6 WEBSTER WEBSTER NNP 7960 2 7 , , , 7960 2 8 PH.D. ph.d. LS 7960 2 9 " " `` 7960 2 10 There there EX 7960 2 11 is be VBZ 7960 2 12 no no DT 7960 2 13 part part NN 7960 2 14 of of IN 7960 2 15 history history NN 7960 2 16 so so RB 7960 2 17 generally generally RB 7960 2 18 useful useful JJ 7960 2 19 as as IN 7960 2 20 that that DT 7960 2 21 which which WDT 7960 2 22 relates relate VBZ 7960 2 23 to to IN 7960 2 24 the the DT 7960 2 25 progress progress NN 7960 2 26 of of IN 7960 2 27 the the DT 7960 2 28 human human JJ 7960 2 29 mind mind NN 7960 2 30 , , , 7960 2 31 the the DT 7960 2 32 gradual gradual JJ 7960 2 33 improvement improvement NN 7960 2 34 of of IN 7960 2 35 reason reason NN 7960 2 36 , , , 7960 2 37 the the DT 7960 2 38 successive successive JJ 7960 2 39 advances advance NNS 7960 2 40 of of IN 7960 2 41 science science NN 7960 2 42 , , , 7960 2 43 the the DT 7960 2 44 vicissitudes vicissitude NNS 7960 2 45 of of IN 7960 2 46 learning learning NN 7960 2 47 and and CC 7960 2 48 ignorance ignorance NN 7960 2 49 , , , 7960 2 50 which which WDT 7960 2 51 are be VBP 7960 2 52 the the DT 7960 2 53 light light NN 7960 2 54 and and CC 7960 2 55 darkness darkness NN 7960 2 56 of of IN 7960 2 57 thinking think VBG 7960 2 58 beings being NNS 7960 2 59 , , , 7960 2 60 the the DT 7960 2 61 extinction extinction NN 7960 2 62 and and CC 7960 2 63 resuscitation resuscitation NN 7960 2 64 of of IN 7960 2 65 arts art NNS 7960 2 66 , , , 7960 2 67 and and CC 7960 2 68 the the DT 7960 2 69 revolutions revolution NNS 7960 2 70 of of IN 7960 2 71 the the DT 7960 2 72 intellectual intellectual JJ 7960 2 73 world world NN 7960 2 74 . . . 7960 2 75 " " '' 7960 3 1 --SAMUEL --SAMUEL : 7960 3 2 JOHNSON JOHNSON NNP 7960 3 3 , , , 7960 3 4 _ _ NNP 7960 3 5 Rasselas Rasselas NNP 7960 3 6 _ _ NNP 7960 3 7 . . . 7960 4 1 PREFACE preface VB 7960 4 2 This this DT 7960 4 3 book book NN 7960 4 4 aims aim VBZ 7960 4 5 to to TO 7960 4 6 furnish furnish VB 7960 4 7 a a DT 7960 4 8 concise concise NN 7960 4 9 and and CC 7960 4 10 connected connected JJ 7960 4 11 account account NN 7960 4 12 of of IN 7960 4 13 human human JJ 7960 4 14 progress progress NN 7960 4 15 during during IN 7960 4 16 ancient ancient JJ 7960 4 17 , , , 7960 4 18 medieval medieval JJ 7960 4 19 , , , 7960 4 20 and and CC 7960 4 21 early early JJ 7960 4 22 modern modern JJ 7960 4 23 times time NNS 7960 4 24 . . . 7960 5 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 5 2 should should MD 7960 5 3 meet meet VB 7960 5 4 the the DT 7960 5 5 requirements requirement NNS 7960 5 6 of of IN 7960 5 7 those those DT 7960 5 8 high high JJ 7960 5 9 schools school NNS 7960 5 10 and and CC 7960 5 11 preparatory preparatory JJ 7960 5 12 schools school NNS 7960 5 13 where where WRB 7960 5 14 ancient ancient JJ 7960 5 15 history history NN 7960 5 16 , , , 7960 5 17 as as IN 7960 5 18 a a DT 7960 5 19 separate separate JJ 7960 5 20 discipline discipline NN 7960 5 21 , , , 7960 5 22 is be VBZ 7960 5 23 being be VBG 7960 5 24 supplanted supplant VBN 7960 5 25 by by IN 7960 5 26 a a DT 7960 5 27 more more RBR 7960 5 28 extended extended JJ 7960 5 29 course course NN 7960 5 30 introductory introductory NN 7960 5 31 to to IN 7960 5 32 the the DT 7960 5 33 study study NN 7960 5 34 of of IN 7960 5 35 recent recent JJ 7960 5 36 times time NNS 7960 5 37 and and CC 7960 5 38 contemporary contemporary JJ 7960 5 39 problems problem NNS 7960 5 40 . . . 7960 6 1 Such such PDT 7960 6 2 a a DT 7960 6 3 course course NN 7960 6 4 was be VBD 7960 6 5 first first RB 7960 6 6 outlined outline VBN 7960 6 7 by by IN 7960 6 8 the the DT 7960 6 9 Regents Regents NNPS 7960 6 10 of of IN 7960 6 11 the the DT 7960 6 12 University University NNP 7960 6 13 of of IN 7960 6 14 the the DT 7960 6 15 State State NNP 7960 6 16 of of IN 7960 6 17 New New NNP 7960 6 18 York York NNP 7960 6 19 in in IN 7960 6 20 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 6 21 _ _ NNP 7960 6 22 Syllabus Syllabus NNP 7960 6 23 for for IN 7960 6 24 Secondary Secondary NNP 7960 6 25 Schools Schools NNPS 7960 6 26 _ _ NNP 7960 6 27 , , , 7960 6 28 issued issue VBN 7960 6 29 in in IN 7960 6 30 1910 1910 CD 7960 6 31 . . . 7960 7 1 Since since IN 7960 7 2 the the DT 7960 7 3 appearance appearance NN 7960 7 4 of of IN 7960 7 5 the the DT 7960 7 6 Regents Regents NNPS 7960 7 7 ' ' POS 7960 7 8 _ _ NNP 7960 7 9 Syllabus Syllabus NNP 7960 7 10 _ _ NNP 7960 7 11 the the DT 7960 7 12 Committee Committee NNP 7960 7 13 of of IN 7960 7 14 Five five CD 7960 7 15 of of IN 7960 7 16 the the DT 7960 7 17 American American NNP 7960 7 18 Historical Historical NNP 7960 7 19 Association Association NNP 7960 7 20 has have VBZ 7960 7 21 made make VBN 7960 7 22 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7 23 _ _ NNP 7960 7 24 Report Report NNP 7960 7 25 _ _ NNP 7960 7 26 ( ( -LRB- 7960 7 27 1911 1911 CD 7960 7 28 ) ) -RRB- 7960 7 29 , , , 7960 7 30 suggesting suggest VBG 7960 7 31 a a DT 7960 7 32 rearrangement rearrangement NN 7960 7 33 of of IN 7960 7 34 the the DT 7960 7 35 curriculum curriculum NN 7960 7 36 which which WDT 7960 7 37 would would MD 7960 7 38 permit permit VB 7960 7 39 a a DT 7960 7 40 year year NN 7960 7 41 's 's POS 7960 7 42 work work NN 7960 7 43 in in IN 7960 7 44 English English NNP 7960 7 45 and and CC 7960 7 46 Continental Continental NNP 7960 7 47 history history NN 7960 7 48 . . . 7960 8 1 Still still RB 7960 8 2 more more RBR 7960 8 3 recently recently RB 7960 8 4 the the DT 7960 8 5 Committee Committee NNP 7960 8 6 on on IN 7960 8 7 Social Social NNP 7960 8 8 Studies Studies NNPS 7960 8 9 of of IN 7960 8 10 the the DT 7960 8 11 Commission Commission NNP 7960 8 12 on on IN 7960 8 13 the the DT 7960 8 14 Reorganization Reorganization NNP 7960 8 15 of of IN 7960 8 16 Secondary Secondary NNP 7960 8 17 Education Education NNP 7960 8 18 , , , 7960 8 19 in in IN 7960 8 20 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8 21 _ _ NNP 7960 8 22 Report Report NNP 7960 8 23 _ _ NNP 7960 8 24 ( ( -LRB- 7960 8 25 1916 1916 CD 7960 8 26 ) ) -RRB- 7960 8 27 to to IN 7960 8 28 the the DT 7960 8 29 National National NNP 7960 8 30 Education Education NNP 7960 8 31 Association Association NNP 7960 8 32 has have VBZ 7960 8 33 definitely definitely RB 7960 8 34 recommended recommend VBN 7960 8 35 the the DT 7960 8 36 division division NN 7960 8 37 of of IN 7960 8 38 European european JJ 7960 8 39 history history NN 7960 8 40 into into IN 7960 8 41 two two CD 7960 8 42 parts part NNS 7960 8 43 , , , 7960 8 44 of of IN 7960 8 45 which which WDT 7960 8 46 the the DT 7960 8 47 first first JJ 7960 8 48 should should MD 7960 8 49 include include VB 7960 8 50 ancient ancient JJ 7960 8 51 and and CC 7960 8 52 Oriental oriental JJ 7960 8 53 civilization civilization NN 7960 8 54 , , , 7960 8 55 English English NNP 7960 8 56 and and CC 7960 8 57 Continental Continental NNP 7960 8 58 history history NN 7960 8 59 to to TO 7960 8 60 approximately approximately RB 7960 8 61 the the DT 7960 8 62 end end NN 7960 8 63 of of IN 7960 8 64 the the DT 7960 8 65 seventeenth seventeenth JJ 7960 8 66 century century NN 7960 8 67 , , , 7960 8 68 and and CC 7960 8 69 the the DT 7960 8 70 period period NN 7960 8 71 of of IN 7960 8 72 American american JJ 7960 8 73 exploration exploration NN 7960 8 74 . . . 7960 9 1 The the DT 7960 9 2 first first JJ 7960 9 3 twelve twelve CD 7960 9 4 chapters chapter NNS 7960 9 5 of of IN 7960 9 6 the the DT 7960 9 7 present present JJ 7960 9 8 work work NN 7960 9 9 are be VBP 7960 9 10 based base VBN 7960 9 11 upon upon IN 7960 9 12 the the DT 7960 9 13 author author NN 7960 9 14 's 's POS 7960 9 15 _ _ NNP 7960 9 16 Ancient Ancient NNP 7960 9 17 History History NNP 7960 9 18 _ _ NNP 7960 9 19 , , , 7960 9 20 published publish VBD 7960 9 21 four four CD 7960 9 22 years year NNS 7960 9 23 ago ago RB 7960 9 24 . . . 7960 10 1 In in IN 7960 10 2 spite spite NN 7960 10 3 of of IN 7960 10 4 many many JJ 7960 10 5 omissions omission NNS 7960 10 6 , , , 7960 10 7 it -PRON- PRP 7960 10 8 has have VBZ 7960 10 9 been be VBN 7960 10 10 possible possible JJ 7960 10 11 to to TO 7960 10 12 follow follow VB 7960 10 13 without without IN 7960 10 14 essential essential JJ 7960 10 15 modification modification NN 7960 10 16 the the DT 7960 10 17 plan plan NN 7960 10 18 of of IN 7960 10 19 the the DT 7960 10 20 earlier early JJR 7960 10 21 volume volume NN 7960 10 22 . . . 7960 11 1 A a DT 7960 11 2 number number NN 7960 11 3 of of IN 7960 11 4 new new JJ 7960 11 5 maps map NNS 7960 11 6 and and CC 7960 11 7 illustrations illustration NNS 7960 11 8 have have VBP 7960 11 9 been be VBN 7960 11 10 added add VBN 7960 11 11 to to IN 7960 11 12 these these DT 7960 11 13 chapters chapter NNS 7960 11 14 . . . 7960 12 1 The the DT 7960 12 2 selection selection NN 7960 12 3 of of IN 7960 12 4 collateral collateral NN 7960 12 5 reading reading NN 7960 12 6 , , , 7960 12 7 always always RB 7960 12 8 a a DT 7960 12 9 difficult difficult JJ 7960 12 10 problem problem NN 7960 12 11 in in IN 7960 12 12 the the DT 7960 12 13 secondary secondary JJ 7960 12 14 school school NN 7960 12 15 , , , 7960 12 16 is be VBZ 7960 12 17 doubly doubly RB 7960 12 18 difficult difficult JJ 7960 12 19 when when WRB 7960 12 20 so so RB 7960 12 21 much much JJ 7960 12 22 ground ground NN 7960 12 23 must must MD 7960 12 24 be be VB 7960 12 25 covered cover VBN 7960 12 26 in in IN 7960 12 27 a a DT 7960 12 28 single single JJ 7960 12 29 course course NN 7960 12 30 . . . 7960 13 1 The the DT 7960 13 2 author author NN 7960 13 3 ventures venture VBZ 7960 13 4 , , , 7960 13 5 therefore therefore RB 7960 13 6 , , , 7960 13 7 to to TO 7960 13 8 call call VB 7960 13 9 attention attention NN 7960 13 10 to to IN 7960 13 11 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 13 12 _ _ NNP 7960 13 13 Readings Readings NNP 7960 13 14 in in IN 7960 13 15 Ancient Ancient NNP 7960 13 16 History History NNP 7960 13 17 _ _ NNP 7960 13 18 . . . 7960 14 1 Its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 14 2 purpose purpose NN 7960 14 3 , , , 7960 14 4 in in IN 7960 14 5 the the DT 7960 14 6 words word NNS 7960 14 7 of of IN 7960 14 8 the the DT 7960 14 9 preface preface NN 7960 14 10 , , , 7960 14 11 is be VBZ 7960 14 12 " " `` 7960 14 13 to to TO 7960 14 14 provide provide VB 7960 14 15 immature immature JJ 7960 14 16 pupils pupil NNS 7960 14 17 with with IN 7960 14 18 a a DT 7960 14 19 variety variety NN 7960 14 20 of of IN 7960 14 21 extended extended JJ 7960 14 22 , , , 7960 14 23 unified unified JJ 7960 14 24 , , , 7960 14 25 and and CC 7960 14 26 interesting interesting JJ 7960 14 27 extracts extract NNS 7960 14 28 on on IN 7960 14 29 matters matter NNS 7960 14 30 which which WDT 7960 14 31 a a DT 7960 14 32 textbook textbook NN 7960 14 33 treats treat VBZ 7960 14 34 with with IN 7960 14 35 necessary necessary JJ 7960 14 36 , , , 7960 14 37 though though IN 7960 14 38 none none NN 7960 14 39 the the DT 7960 14 40 less less RBR 7960 14 41 deplorable deplorable JJ 7960 14 42 , , , 7960 14 43 condensation condensation NN 7960 14 44 . . . 7960 14 45 " " '' 7960 15 1 A a DT 7960 15 2 companion companion NN 7960 15 3 volume volume NN 7960 15 4 , , , 7960 15 5 entitled entitle VBN 7960 15 6 _ _ NNP 7960 15 7 Readings Readings NNP 7960 15 8 in in IN 7960 15 9 Medieval Medieval NNP 7960 15 10 and and CC 7960 15 11 Modern Modern NNP 7960 15 12 History History NNP 7960 15 13 _ _ NNP 7960 15 14 , , , 7960 15 15 will will MD 7960 15 16 be be VB 7960 15 17 published publish VBN 7960 15 18 shortly shortly RB 7960 15 19 . . . 7960 16 1 References reference NNS 7960 16 2 to to IN 7960 16 3 both both DT 7960 16 4 books book NNS 7960 16 5 are be VBP 7960 16 6 inserted insert VBN 7960 16 7 in in IN 7960 16 8 footnotes footnote NNS 7960 16 9 . . . 7960 17 1 At at IN 7960 17 2 the the DT 7960 17 3 end end NN 7960 17 4 of of IN 7960 17 5 what what WP 7960 17 6 has have VBZ 7960 17 7 been be VBN 7960 17 8 a a DT 7960 17 9 long long JJ 7960 17 10 and and CC 7960 17 11 engrossing engrossing JJ 7960 17 12 task task NN 7960 17 13 , , , 7960 17 14 it -PRON- PRP 7960 17 15 becomes become VBZ 7960 17 16 a a DT 7960 17 17 pleasant pleasant JJ 7960 17 18 duty duty NN 7960 17 19 to to TO 7960 17 20 acknowledge acknowledge VB 7960 17 21 the the DT 7960 17 22 help help NN 7960 17 23 which which WDT 7960 17 24 has have VBZ 7960 17 25 been be VBN 7960 17 26 received receive VBN 7960 17 27 from from IN 7960 17 28 teachers teacher NNS 7960 17 29 in in IN 7960 17 30 school school NN 7960 17 31 and and CC 7960 17 32 college college NN 7960 17 33 . . . 7960 18 1 Various various JJ 7960 18 2 chapters chapter NNS 7960 18 3 , , , 7960 18 4 either either CC 7960 18 5 in in IN 7960 18 6 manuscript manuscript NN 7960 18 7 or or CC 7960 18 8 in in IN 7960 18 9 the the DT 7960 18 10 proofs proof NNS 7960 18 11 , , , 7960 18 12 have have VBP 7960 18 13 been be VBN 7960 18 14 read read VBN 7960 18 15 by by IN 7960 18 16 Professor Professor NNP 7960 18 17 James James NNP 7960 18 18 M. M. NNP 7960 18 19 Leake Leake NNP 7960 18 20 of of IN 7960 18 21 Bryn Bryn NNP 7960 18 22 Mawr Mawr NNP 7960 18 23 College College NNP 7960 18 24 ; ; : 7960 18 25 Professor Professor NNP 7960 18 26 J. J. NNP 7960 18 27 C. C. NNP 7960 18 28 Hildt Hildt NNP 7960 18 29 of of IN 7960 18 30 Smith Smith NNP 7960 18 31 College College NNP 7960 18 32 ; ; : 7960 18 33 Very very RB 7960 18 34 Rev. Rev. NNP 7960 19 1 Patrick Patrick NNP 7960 19 2 J. J. NNP 7960 19 3 Healy Healy NNP 7960 19 4 , , , 7960 19 5 Professor Professor NNP 7960 19 6 of of IN 7960 19 7 Church Church NNP 7960 19 8 History History NNP 7960 19 9 in in IN 7960 19 10 the the DT 7960 19 11 Catholic Catholic NNP 7960 19 12 University University NNP 7960 19 13 of of IN 7960 19 14 America America NNP 7960 19 15 ; ; : 7960 19 16 Professor Professor NNP 7960 19 17 E. E. NNP 7960 19 18 F. F. NNP 7960 19 19 Humphrey Humphrey NNP 7960 19 20 of of IN 7960 19 21 Trinity Trinity NNP 7960 19 22 College College NNP 7960 19 23 ; ; : 7960 19 24 Dr. Dr. NNP 7960 19 25 James James NNP 7960 19 26 Sullivan Sullivan NNP 7960 19 27 , , , 7960 19 28 Director Director NNP 7960 19 29 of of IN 7960 19 30 the the DT 7960 19 31 Division Division NNP 7960 19 32 of of IN 7960 19 33 Archives Archives NNPS 7960 19 34 and and CC 7960 19 35 History History NNP 7960 19 36 , , , 7960 19 37 State State NNP 7960 19 38 Dept Dept NNP 7960 19 39 . . . 7960 20 1 of of IN 7960 20 2 Education Education NNP 7960 20 3 of of IN 7960 20 4 New New NNP 7960 20 5 York York NNP 7960 20 6 ; ; : 7960 20 7 Constantine Constantine NNP 7960 20 8 E. E. NNP 7960 20 9 McGuire McGuire NNP 7960 20 10 , , , 7960 20 11 Assistant Assistant NNP 7960 20 12 Secretary Secretary NNP 7960 20 13 General General NNP 7960 20 14 , , , 7960 20 15 International International NNP 7960 20 16 High High NNP 7960 20 17 Commission Commission NNP 7960 20 18 , , , 7960 20 19 Washington Washington NNP 7960 20 20 ; ; : 7960 20 21 Miss Miss NNP 7960 20 22 Margaret Margaret NNP 7960 20 23 E. E. NNP 7960 20 24 McGill McGill NNP 7960 20 25 , , , 7960 20 26 of of IN 7960 20 27 the the DT 7960 20 28 Newton Newton NNP 7960 20 29 ( ( -LRB- 7960 20 30 Mass. Massachusetts NNP 7960 20 31 ) ) -RRB- 7960 21 1 High High NNP 7960 21 2 School School NNP 7960 21 3 ; ; : 7960 21 4 and and CC 7960 21 5 Miss Miss NNP 7960 21 6 Mabel Mabel NNP 7960 21 7 Chesley Chesley NNP 7960 21 8 , , , 7960 21 9 of of IN 7960 21 10 the the DT 7960 21 11 Erasmus Erasmus NNP 7960 21 12 Hall Hall NNP 7960 21 13 High High NNP 7960 21 14 School School NNP 7960 21 15 , , , 7960 21 16 Brooklyn Brooklyn NNP 7960 21 17 . . . 7960 22 1 The the DT 7960 22 2 author author NN 7960 22 3 would would MD 7960 22 4 also also RB 7960 22 5 express express VB 7960 22 6 appreciation appreciation NN 7960 22 7 of of IN 7960 22 8 the the DT 7960 22 9 labors labor NNS 7960 22 10 of of IN 7960 22 11 the the DT 7960 22 12 cartographers cartographer NNS 7960 22 13 , , , 7960 22 14 artists artist NNS 7960 22 15 , , , 7960 22 16 and and CC 7960 22 17 printers printer NNS 7960 22 18 , , , 7960 22 19 to to IN 7960 22 20 whose whose WP$ 7960 22 21 accuracy accuracy NN 7960 22 22 and and CC 7960 22 23 skill skill NN 7960 22 24 every every DT 7960 22 25 page page NN 7960 22 26 of of IN 7960 22 27 the the DT 7960 22 28 book book NN 7960 22 29 bears bear VBZ 7960 22 30 witness witness NN 7960 22 31 . . . 7960 23 1 HUTTON HUTTON NNP 7960 23 2 WEBSTER WEBSTER NNP 7960 23 3 LINCOLN LINCOLN NNP 7960 23 4 , , , 7960 23 5 NEBRASKA NEBRASKA NNP 7960 23 6 , , , 7960 23 7 February February NNP 7960 23 8 , , , 7960 23 9 1917 1917 CD 7960 23 10 [ [ -LRB- 7960 23 11 Illustration illustration NN 7960 23 12 : : : 7960 23 13 ANCIENT ANCIENT NNP 7960 23 14 AND and CC 7960 23 15 MEDIEVAL MEDIEVAL NNP 7960 23 16 GEMS gem NNS 7960 23 17 . . . 7960 24 1 1 1 LS 7960 24 2 Steatite steatite JJ 7960 24 3 from from IN 7960 24 4 Crete Crete NNP 7960 24 5 , , , 7960 24 6 two two CD 7960 24 7 lions lion NNS 7960 24 8 with with IN 7960 24 9 forefeet forefeet NN 7960 24 10 on on IN 7960 24 11 a a DT 7960 24 12 pedestal pedestal JJ 7960 24 13 , , , 7960 24 14 above above IN 7960 24 15 a a DT 7960 24 16 sun sun NN 7960 24 17 2 2 CD 7960 24 18 Sardonyx Sardonyx NNP 7960 24 19 from from IN 7960 24 20 Elis Elis NNP 7960 24 21 , , , 7960 24 22 a a DT 7960 24 23 goddess goddess NN 7960 24 24 holding hold VBG 7960 24 25 up up RP 7960 24 26 a a DT 7960 24 27 goat goat NN 7960 24 28 by by IN 7960 24 29 the the DT 7960 24 30 horns horn NNS 7960 24 31 3 3 CD 7960 24 32 Rock Rock NNP 7960 24 33 crystal crystal NN 7960 24 34 a a DT 7960 24 35 bearded bearded JJ 7960 24 36 Triton Triton NNP 7960 24 37 4 4 CD 7960 24 38 Carnelian Carnelian NNP 7960 24 39 , , , 7960 24 40 a a DT 7960 24 41 youth youth NN 7960 24 42 playing play VBG 7960 24 43 a a DT 7960 24 44 trigonon trigonon NN 7960 24 45 5 5 CD 7960 24 46 Chalcedony Chalcedony NNP 7960 24 47 from from IN 7960 24 48 Athens Athens NNP 7960 24 49 , , , 7960 24 50 a a DT 7960 24 51 Bacchante Bacchante NNP 7960 24 52 6 6 CD 7960 24 53 Sard Sard NNP 7960 24 54 , , , 7960 24 55 a a DT 7960 24 56 woman woman NN 7960 24 57 reading read VBG 7960 24 58 a a DT 7960 24 59 manuscript manuscript NN 7960 24 60 roll roll NN 7960 24 61 , , , 7960 24 62 before before IN 7960 24 63 her -PRON- PRP 7960 24 64 a a DT 7960 24 65 lyre lyre NN 7960 24 66 7 7 CD 7960 24 67 Carnelian Carnelian NNP 7960 24 68 , , , 7960 24 69 Theseus Theseus NNP 7960 24 70 8 8 CD 7960 24 71 Chalcedony chalcedony NN 7960 24 72 , , , 7960 24 73 portrait portrait NN 7960 24 74 head head NN 7960 24 75 , , , 7960 24 76 Hellenistic Hellenistic NNP 7960 24 77 Age Age NNP 7960 24 78 9 9 CD 7960 24 79 Aquamarine Aquamarine NNP 7960 24 80 , , , 7960 24 81 portrait portrait NN 7960 24 82 of of IN 7960 24 83 Julia Julia NNP 7960 24 84 daughter daughter NN 7960 24 85 of of IN 7960 24 86 the the DT 7960 24 87 emperor emperor NN 7960 24 88 Titus Titus NNP 7960 24 89 10 10 CD 7960 24 90 Chalcedony Chalcedony NNP 7960 24 91 , , , 7960 24 92 portrait portrait NN 7960 24 93 head head NN 7960 24 94 , , , 7960 24 95 Hellenistic Hellenistic NNP 7960 24 96 Age Age NNP 7960 24 97 11 11 CD 7960 24 98 Carnelian Carnelian NNP 7960 24 99 , , , 7960 24 100 bust bust NN 7960 24 101 portrait portrait NN 7960 24 102 of of IN 7960 24 103 the the DT 7960 24 104 Roman roman JJ 7960 24 105 emperor emperor NN 7960 24 106 Decius Decius NNP 7960 24 107 12 12 CD 7960 24 108 Beryl Beryl NNP 7960 24 109 , , , 7960 24 110 portrait portrait NN 7960 24 111 of of IN 7960 24 112 Julia Julia NNP 7960 24 113 Domna Domna NNP 7960 24 114 wife wife NN 7960 24 115 of of IN 7960 24 116 the the DT 7960 24 117 emperor emperor NN 7960 24 118 Septimius Septimius NNP 7960 24 119 Severus Severus NNP 7960 24 120 13 13 CD 7960 24 121 Sapphire Sapphire NNP 7960 24 122 , , , 7960 24 123 head head NN 7960 24 124 of of IN 7960 24 125 the the DT 7960 24 126 Madonna Madonna NNP 7960 24 127 14 14 CD 7960 24 128 Carnelian Carnelian NNP 7960 24 129 , , , 7960 24 130 the the DT 7960 24 131 judgment judgment NN 7960 24 132 of of IN 7960 24 133 Paris Paris NNP 7960 24 134 , , , 7960 24 135 Renaissance Renaissance NNP 7960 24 136 work work NN 7960 24 137 15 15 CD 7960 24 138 Rock Rock NNP 7960 24 139 crystal crystal NN 7960 24 140 , , , 7960 24 141 Madonna Madonna NNP 7960 24 142 with with IN 7960 24 143 Jesus Jesus NNP 7960 24 144 and and CC 7960 24 145 St. St. NNP 7960 24 146 Joseph Joseph NNP 7960 24 147 , , , 7960 24 148 probably probably RB 7960 24 149 Norman Norman NNP 7960 24 150 Sicilian Sicilian NNP 7960 24 151 work work NN 7960 24 152 ] ] -RRB- 7960 24 153 CONTENTS content NNS 7960 24 154 LIST list NN 7960 24 155 OF of IN 7960 24 156 ILLUSTRATIONS illustrations JJ 7960 24 157 LIST list NN 7960 24 158 OF of IN 7960 24 159 MAPS MAPS NNP 7960 24 160 LIST LIST NNP 7960 24 161 OF of IN 7960 24 162 PLATES plate NNS 7960 24 163 SUGGESTIONS suggestion NNS 7960 24 164 FOR for IN 7960 24 165 FURTHER FURTHER NNP 7960 24 166 STUDY STUDY NNP 7960 24 167 CHAPTER CHAPTER NNP 7960 24 168 I. i. NN 7960 25 1 THE the DT 7960 25 2 AGES AGES NNP 7960 25 3 BEFORE before IN 7960 25 4 HISTORY HISTORY NNP 7960 25 5 . . . 7960 26 1 1 1 LS 7960 26 2 . . . 7960 27 1 The the DT 7960 27 2 Study Study NNP 7960 27 3 of of IN 7960 27 4 History History NNP 7960 27 5 2 2 CD 7960 27 6 . . . 7960 28 1 Prehistoric Prehistoric NNP 7960 28 2 Peoples Peoples NNP 7960 28 3 3 3 CD 7960 28 4 . . . 7960 29 1 Domestication domestication NN 7960 29 2 of of IN 7960 29 3 Animals Animals NNPS 7960 29 4 and and CC 7960 29 5 Plants plant NNS 7960 29 6 4 4 CD 7960 29 7 . . . 7960 30 1 Writing writing NN 7960 30 2 and and CC 7960 30 3 the the DT 7960 30 4 Alphabet Alphabet NNP 7960 30 5 5 5 CD 7960 30 6 . . . 7960 31 1 Primitive primitive JJ 7960 31 2 Science Science NNP 7960 31 3 and and CC 7960 31 4 Art art NN 7960 31 5 6 6 CD 7960 31 6 . . . 7960 32 1 Historic Historic NNP 7960 32 2 Peoples Peoples NNPS 7960 32 3 II II NNP 7960 32 4 . . . 7960 33 1 THE the DT 7960 33 2 LANDS LANDS NNP 7960 33 3 AND and CC 7960 33 4 PEOPLES PEOPLES NNP 7960 33 5 OF of IN 7960 33 6 THE the DT 7960 33 7 EAST EAST NNP 7960 33 8 TO to IN 7960 33 9 ABOUT about IN 7960 33 10 500 500 CD 7960 33 11 B.C. B.C. NNS 7960 34 1 7 7 LS 7960 34 2 . . . 7960 35 1 Physical Physical NNP 7960 35 2 Asia Asia NNP 7960 35 3 8 8 CD 7960 35 4 . . . 7960 36 1 Babylonia Babylonia NNP 7960 36 2 and and CC 7960 36 3 Egypt Egypt NNP 7960 36 4 9 9 CD 7960 36 5 . . . 7960 37 1 The the DT 7960 37 2 Babylonians Babylonians NNPS 7960 37 3 and and CC 7960 37 4 the the DT 7960 37 5 Egyptians Egyptians NNPS 7960 37 6 10 10 CD 7960 37 7 . . . 7960 38 1 The the DT 7960 38 2 Phoenicians Phoenicians NNPS 7960 38 3 and and CC 7960 38 4 the the DT 7960 38 5 Hebrews Hebrews NNP 7960 38 6 11 11 CD 7960 38 7 . . . 7960 39 1 The the DT 7960 39 2 Assyrians Assyrians NNPS 7960 39 3 12 12 CD 7960 39 4 . . . 7960 40 1 The the DT 7960 40 2 World World NNP 7960 40 3 Empire Empire NNP 7960 40 4 of of IN 7960 40 5 Persia Persia NNP 7960 40 6 III III NNP 7960 40 7 . . . 7960 41 1 ORIENTAL oriental JJ 7960 41 2 CIVILIZATION CIVILIZATION NNP 7960 41 3 . . . 7960 42 1 13 13 CD 7960 42 2 . . . 7960 43 1 Social Social NNP 7960 43 2 Classes Classes NNPS 7960 43 3 14 14 CD 7960 43 4 . . . 7960 44 1 Economic Economic NNP 7960 44 2 Conditions Conditions NNPS 7960 44 3 15 15 CD 7960 44 4 . . . 7960 45 1 Commerce Commerce NNP 7960 45 2 and and CC 7960 45 3 Trade Trade NNP 7960 45 4 Routes Routes NNPS 7960 45 5 16 16 CD 7960 45 6 . . . 7960 46 1 Law Law NNP 7960 46 2 and and CC 7960 46 3 Morality Morality NNP 7960 46 4 17 17 CD 7960 46 5 . . . 7960 47 1 Religion religion NN 7960 47 2 18 18 CD 7960 47 3 . . . 7960 48 1 Literature literature NN 7960 48 2 and and CC 7960 48 3 Art art NN 7960 48 4 19 19 CD 7960 48 5 . . . 7960 49 1 Science Science NNP 7960 49 2 and and CC 7960 49 3 Education Education NNP 7960 49 4 IV IV NNP 7960 49 5 . . . 7960 50 1 THE the DT 7960 50 2 LANDS land NNS 7960 50 3 OF of IN 7960 50 4 THE the DT 7960 50 5 WEST west NN 7960 50 6 AND and CC 7960 50 7 THE the DT 7960 50 8 RISE RISE NNP 7960 50 9 OF of IN 7960 50 10 GREECE GREECE NNS 7960 50 11 TO to IN 7960 50 12 ABOUT about RB 7960 50 13 500 500 CD 7960 50 14 B.C. B.C. NNS 7960 51 1 20 20 CD 7960 51 2 . . . 7960 52 1 Physical Physical NNP 7960 52 2 Europe Europe NNP 7960 52 3 21 21 CD 7960 52 4 . . . 7960 53 1 Greece Greece NNP 7960 53 2 and and CC 7960 53 3 the the DT 7960 53 4 Aegean Aegean NNP 7960 53 5 22 22 CD 7960 53 6 . . . 7960 54 1 The the DT 7960 54 2 Aegean Aegean NNP 7960 54 3 Age Age NNP 7960 54 4 ( ( -LRB- 7960 54 5 to to IN 7960 54 6 about about RB 7960 54 7 1100 1100 CD 7960 54 8 B.C. B.C. NNP 7960 54 9 ) ) -RRB- 7960 55 1 23 23 CD 7960 55 2 . . . 7960 56 1 The the DT 7960 56 2 Homeric Homeric NNP 7960 56 3 Age Age NNP 7960 56 4 ( ( -LRB- 7960 56 5 about about RB 7960 56 6 1100 1100 CD 7960 56 7 - - SYM 7960 56 8 750 750 CD 7960 56 9 B.C. B.C. NNP 7960 56 10 ) ) -RRB- 7960 57 1 24 24 CD 7960 57 2 . . . 7960 58 1 Early early JJ 7960 58 2 Greek Greek NNP 7960 58 3 Religion Religion NNP 7960 58 4 25 25 CD 7960 58 5 . . . 7960 59 1 Religious religious JJ 7960 59 2 Institutions institution NNS 7960 59 3 -- -- : 7960 59 4 Oracles Oracles NNPS 7960 59 5 and and CC 7960 59 6 Games Games NNPS 7960 59 7 26 26 CD 7960 59 8 . . . 7960 60 1 The the DT 7960 60 2 Greek Greek NNP 7960 60 3 City City NNP 7960 60 4 - - HYPH 7960 60 5 State State NNP 7960 60 6 27 27 CD 7960 60 7 . . . 7960 61 1 The the DT 7960 61 2 Growth Growth NNP 7960 61 3 of of IN 7960 61 4 Sparta Sparta NNP 7960 61 5 ( ( -LRB- 7960 61 6 to to IN 7960 61 7 500 500 CD 7960 61 8 B.C. B.C. NNP 7960 61 9 ) ) -RRB- 7960 62 1 28 28 CD 7960 62 2 . . . 7960 63 1 The the DT 7960 63 2 Growth growth NN 7960 63 3 of of IN 7960 63 4 Athens Athens NNP 7960 63 5 ( ( -LRB- 7960 63 6 to to IN 7960 63 7 500 500 CD 7960 63 8 B.C. B.C. NNP 7960 63 9 ) ) -RRB- 7960 64 1 29 29 CD 7960 64 2 . . . 7960 65 1 Colonial colonial JJ 7960 65 2 Expansion Expansion NNP 7960 65 3 of of IN 7960 65 4 Greece Greece NNP 7960 65 5 ( ( -LRB- 7960 65 6 about about RB 7960 65 7 750 750 CD 7960 65 8 - - SYM 7960 65 9 500 500 CD 7960 65 10 B.C. B.C. NNP 7960 65 11 ) ) -RRB- 7960 66 1 30 30 CD 7960 66 2 . . . 7960 67 1 Bonds bond NNS 7960 67 2 of of IN 7960 67 3 Union Union NNP 7960 67 4 among among IN 7960 67 5 the the DT 7960 67 6 Greeks Greeks NNPS 7960 67 7 V. V. NNP 7960 67 8 THE the DT 7960 67 9 GREAT great JJ 7960 67 10 AGE age NN 7960 67 11 OF of IN 7960 67 12 THE the DT 7960 67 13 GREEK GREEK NNP 7960 67 14 REPUBLICS republic NNS 7960 67 15 TO to IN 7960 67 16 362 362 CD 7960 67 17 B.C. B.C. NNP 7960 68 1 31 31 CD 7960 68 2 . . . 7960 69 1 The the DT 7960 69 2 Perils Perils NNP 7960 69 3 of of IN 7960 69 4 Hellas Hellas NNP 7960 69 5 32 32 CD 7960 69 6 . . . 7960 70 1 Expeditions expedition NNS 7960 70 2 of of IN 7960 70 3 Darius Darius NNP 7960 70 4 against against IN 7960 70 5 Greece Greece NNP 7960 70 6 33 33 CD 7960 70 7 . . . 7960 71 1 Xerxes Xerxes NNP 7960 71 2 and and CC 7960 71 3 the the DT 7960 71 4 Great Great NNP 7960 71 5 Persian Persian NNP 7960 71 6 War War NNP 7960 71 7 34 34 CD 7960 71 8 . . . 7960 72 1 Athens Athens NNP 7960 72 2 under under IN 7960 72 3 Themistocles Themistocles NNP 7960 72 4 , , , 7960 72 5 Aristides Aristides NNPS 7960 72 6 , , , 7960 72 7 and and CC 7960 72 8 Cimon Cimon NNP 7960 72 9 35 35 CD 7960 72 10 . . . 7960 73 1 Athens Athens NNP 7960 73 2 under under IN 7960 73 3 Pericles Pericles NNP 7960 73 4 36 36 CD 7960 73 5 . . . 7960 74 1 The the DT 7960 74 2 Peloponnesian Peloponnesian NNP 7960 74 3 War War NNP 7960 74 4 , , , 7960 74 5 431 431 CD 7960 74 6 - - HYPH 7960 74 7 404 404 CD 7960 74 8 B.C. B.C. NNP 7960 75 1 37 37 CD 7960 75 2 . . . 7960 76 1 The the DT 7960 76 2 Spartan Spartan NNP 7960 76 3 and and CC 7960 76 4 Theban Theban NNP 7960 76 5 Supremacies Supremacies NNPS 7960 76 6 , , , 7960 76 7 404 404 CD 7960 76 8 - - SYM 7960 76 9 362 362 CD 7960 76 10 B.C. B.C. NNP 7960 77 1 38 38 CD 7960 77 2 . . . 7960 78 1 Decline decline NN 7960 78 2 of of IN 7960 78 3 the the DT 7960 78 4 City City NNP 7960 78 5 - - HYPH 7960 78 6 State State NNP 7960 78 7 VI VI NNP 7960 78 8 . . . 7960 79 1 MINGLING mingling RB 7960 79 2 OF of IN 7960 79 3 EAST EAST NNP 7960 79 4 AND and CC 7960 79 5 WEST west NN 7960 79 6 AFTER after IN 7960 79 7 359 359 CD 7960 79 8 B.C. B.C. NNP 7960 80 1 39 39 CD 7960 80 2 . . . 7960 81 1 Philip Philip NNP 7960 81 2 and and CC 7960 81 3 the the DT 7960 81 4 Rise rise NN 7960 81 5 of of IN 7960 81 6 Macedonia Macedonia NNP 7960 81 7 40 40 CD 7960 81 8 . . . 7960 82 1 Demosthenes demosthene NNS 7960 82 2 and and CC 7960 82 3 the the DT 7960 82 4 End end NN 7960 82 5 of of IN 7960 82 6 Greek Greek NNP 7960 82 7 Freedom Freedom NNP 7960 82 8 41 41 CD 7960 82 9 . . . 7960 83 1 Alexander Alexander NNP 7960 83 2 the the DT 7960 83 3 Great great JJ 7960 83 4 42 42 CD 7960 83 5 . . . 7960 84 1 Conquest Conquest NNP 7960 84 2 of of IN 7960 84 3 Persia Persia NNP 7960 84 4 and and CC 7960 84 5 the the DT 7960 84 6 Far Far NNP 7960 84 7 East East NNP 7960 84 8 , , , 7960 84 9 334 334 CD 7960 84 10 - - SYM 7960 84 11 323 323 CD 7960 84 12 B.C. B.C. NNP 7960 85 1 43 43 CD 7960 85 2 . . . 7960 86 1 The the DT 7960 86 2 Work work NN 7960 86 3 of of IN 7960 86 4 Alexander Alexander NNP 7960 86 5 44 44 CD 7960 86 6 . . . 7960 87 1 Hellenistic Hellenistic NNP 7960 87 2 Kingdoms Kingdoms NNPS 7960 87 3 and and CC 7960 87 4 Cities Cities NNPS 7960 87 5 45 45 CD 7960 87 6 . . . 7960 88 1 The the DT 7960 88 2 Hellenistic Hellenistic NNP 7960 88 3 Age Age NNP 7960 88 4 46 46 CD 7960 88 5 . . . 7960 89 1 The the DT 7960 89 2 Graeco Graeco NNP 7960 89 3 - - HYPH 7960 89 4 Oriental Oriental NNP 7960 89 5 World World NNP 7960 89 6 VII VII NNP 7960 89 7 . . . 7960 90 1 THE the DT 7960 90 2 RISE RISE NNP 7960 90 3 OF of IN 7960 90 4 ROME rome NN 7960 90 5 TO to IN 7960 90 6 264 264 CD 7960 90 7 B.C. B.C. NNS 7960 91 1 47 47 CD 7960 91 2 . . . 7960 92 1 Italy Italy NNP 7960 92 2 and and CC 7960 92 3 Sicily Sicily NNP 7960 92 4 48 48 CD 7960 92 5 . . . 7960 93 1 The the DT 7960 93 2 Peoples Peoples NNPS 7960 93 3 of of IN 7960 93 4 Italy Italy NNP 7960 93 5 49 49 CD 7960 93 6 . . . 7960 94 1 The the DT 7960 94 2 Romans Romans NNPS 7960 94 3 50 50 CD 7960 94 4 . . . 7960 95 1 Early early JJ 7960 95 2 Roman Roman NNP 7960 95 3 Society Society NNP 7960 95 4 51 51 CD 7960 95 5 . . . 7960 96 1 Roman Roman NNP 7960 96 2 Religion Religion NNP 7960 96 3 52 52 CD 7960 96 4 . . . 7960 97 1 The the DT 7960 97 2 Roman Roman NNP 7960 97 3 City City NNP 7960 97 4 State State NNP 7960 97 5 53 53 CD 7960 97 6 . . . 7960 98 1 Expansion expansion NN 7960 98 2 of of IN 7960 98 3 Rome Rome NNP 7960 98 4 over over IN 7960 98 5 Italy Italy NNP 7960 98 6 , , , 7960 98 7 509 509 CD 7960 98 8 ( ( -LRB- 7960 98 9 ? ? . 7960 99 1 ) ) -RRB- 7960 99 2 -264 -264 NN 7960 99 3 B.C. B.C. NNP 7960 100 1 54 54 CD 7960 100 2 . . . 7960 101 1 Italy Italy NNP 7960 101 2 under under IN 7960 101 3 Roman Roman NNP 7960 101 4 Rule Rule NNP 7960 101 5 55 55 CD 7960 101 6 . . . 7960 102 1 The the DT 7960 102 2 Roman roman JJ 7960 102 3 Army Army NNP 7960 102 4 VIII VIII NNP 7960 102 5 . . . 7960 103 1 THE the DT 7960 103 2 GREAT great JJ 7960 103 3 AGE AGE NNP 7960 103 4 OF of IN 7960 103 5 THE the DT 7960 103 6 ROMAN ROMAN NNP 7960 103 7 REPUBLIC REPUBLIC NNP 7960 103 8 , , , 7960 103 9 264 264 CD 7960 103 10 - - SYM 7960 103 11 31 31 CD 7960 103 12 B.C. B.C. NNP 7960 104 1 56 56 CD 7960 104 2 . . . 7960 105 1 The the DT 7960 105 2 Rivals Rivals NNPS 7960 105 3 Rome Rome NNP 7960 105 4 and and CC 7960 105 5 Carthage Carthage NNP 7960 105 6 , , , 7960 105 7 264 264 CD 7960 105 8 - - HYPH 7960 105 9 218 218 CD 7960 105 10 B.C. B.C. NNP 7960 106 1 57 57 CD 7960 106 2 . . . 7960 107 1 Hannibal Hannibal NNP 7960 107 2 and and CC 7960 107 3 the the DT 7960 107 4 Great Great NNP 7960 107 5 Punic Punic NNP 7960 107 6 War War NNP 7960 107 7 , , , 7960 107 8 218 218 CD 7960 107 9 - - SYM 7960 107 10 201 201 CD 7960 107 11 B.C. B.C. NNS 7960 108 1 58 58 CD 7960 108 2 . . . 7960 109 1 Roman roman JJ 7960 109 2 Supremacy Supremacy NNP 7960 109 3 in in IN 7960 109 4 the the DT 7960 109 5 West West NNP 7960 109 6 and and CC 7960 109 7 in in IN 7960 109 8 the the DT 7960 109 9 East East NNP 7960 109 10 , , , 7960 109 11 201 201 CD 7960 109 12 - - SYM 7960 109 13 133 133 CD 7960 109 14 B.C. B.C. NNP 7960 110 1 59 59 CD 7960 110 2 . . . 7960 111 1 The the DT 7960 111 2 Mediterranean Mediterranean NNP 7960 111 3 World World NNP 7960 111 4 under under IN 7960 111 5 Roman Roman NNP 7960 111 6 Rule Rule NNP 7960 111 7 60 60 CD 7960 111 8 . . . 7960 112 1 The the DT 7960 112 2 Gracchi Gracchi NNP 7960 112 3 61 61 CD 7960 112 4 . . . 7960 113 1 Marius Marius NNP 7960 113 2 and and CC 7960 113 3 Sulla Sulla NNP 7960 113 4 62 62 CD 7960 113 5 . . . 7960 114 1 Pompey Pompey NNP 7960 114 2 and and CC 7960 114 3 Caesar Caesar NNP 7960 114 4 63 63 CD 7960 114 5 . . . 7960 115 1 The the DT 7960 115 2 Work work NN 7960 115 3 of of IN 7960 115 4 Caesar Caesar NNP 7960 115 5 64 64 CD 7960 115 6 . . . 7960 116 1 Antony Antony NNP 7960 116 2 and and CC 7960 116 3 Octavian Octavian NNP 7960 116 4 65 65 CD 7960 116 5 . . . 7960 117 1 The the DT 7960 117 2 End end NN 7960 117 3 of of IN 7960 117 4 an an DT 7960 117 5 Epoch Epoch NNP 7960 117 6 IX IX NNP 7960 117 7 . . . 7960 118 1 THE the DT 7960 118 2 EARLY early NN 7960 118 3 EMPIRE empire NN 7960 118 4 : : : 7960 118 5 THE the DT 7960 118 6 WORLD WORLD NNP 7960 118 7 UNDER under IN 7960 118 8 ROMAN ROMAN NNP 7960 118 9 RULE RULE NNP 7960 118 10 , , , 7960 118 11 31 31 CD 7960 118 12 B.C.-l80 B.C.-l80 NNP 7960 118 13 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 118 14 66 66 CD 7960 118 15 . . . 7960 119 1 Augustus Augustus NNP 7960 119 2 , , , 7960 119 3 31 31 CD 7960 119 4 B.C.-l4 B.C.-l4 NNP 7960 119 5 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 119 6 67 67 CD 7960 119 7 . . . 7960 120 1 The the DT 7960 120 2 Successors Successors NNPS 7960 120 3 of of IN 7960 120 4 Augustus Augustus NNP 7960 120 5 , , , 7960 120 6 14 14 CD 7960 120 7 - - SYM 7960 120 8 96 96 CD 7960 120 9 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 120 10 68 68 CD 7960 120 11 . . . 7960 121 1 The the DT 7960 121 2 " " `` 7960 121 3 Good Good NNP 7960 121 4 Emperors Emperors NNPS 7960 121 5 , , , 7960 121 6 " " '' 7960 121 7 96 96 CD 7960 121 8 - - HYPH 7960 121 9 180 180 CD 7960 121 10 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 121 11 69 69 CD 7960 121 12 . . . 7960 122 1 The the DT 7960 122 2 Provinces province NNS 7960 122 3 of of IN 7960 122 4 the the DT 7960 122 5 Roman Roman NNP 7960 122 6 Empire Empire NNP 7960 122 7 70 70 CD 7960 122 8 . . . 7960 123 1 The the DT 7960 123 2 Roman Roman NNP 7960 123 3 Law Law NNP 7960 123 4 and and CC 7960 123 5 the the DT 7960 123 6 Latin Latin NNP 7960 123 7 Language Language NNP 7960 123 8 71 71 CD 7960 123 9 . . . 7960 124 1 The the DT 7960 124 2 Municipalities municipality NNS 7960 124 3 of of IN 7960 124 4 the the DT 7960 124 5 Roman Roman NNP 7960 124 6 Empire Empire NNP 7960 124 7 72 72 CD 7960 124 8 . . . 7960 125 1 Economic economic JJ 7960 125 2 and and CC 7960 125 3 Social Social NNP 7960 125 4 Conditions Conditions NNPS 7960 125 5 in in IN 7960 125 6 the the DT 7960 125 7 First first JJ 7960 125 8 and and CC 7960 125 9 Second Second NNP 7960 125 10 Centuries Centuries NNPS 7960 125 11 73 73 CD 7960 125 12 . . . 7960 126 1 The the DT 7960 126 2 Graeco Graeco NNP 7960 126 3 - - HYPH 7960 126 4 Roman Roman NNP 7960 126 5 World World NNP 7960 126 6 X. X. NNP 7960 127 1 THE the DT 7960 127 2 LATER later JJ 7960 127 3 EMPIRE empire NN 7960 127 4 : : : 7960 127 5 CHRISTIANITY CHRISTIANITY NNP 7960 127 6 IN in IN 7960 127 7 THE the DT 7960 127 8 ROMAN ROMAN NNP 7960 127 9 WORLD world NN 7960 127 10 , , , 7960 127 11 180 180 CD 7960 127 12 - - SYM 7960 127 13 395 395 CD 7960 127 14 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 127 15 74 74 CD 7960 127 16 . . . 7960 128 1 The the DT 7960 128 2 " " `` 7960 128 3 Soldier Soldier NNP 7960 128 4 Emperors Emperors NNP 7960 128 5 , , , 7960 128 6 " " '' 7960 128 7 180 180 CD 7960 128 8 - - HYPH 7960 128 9 284 284 CD 7960 128 10 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 128 11 75 75 CD 7960 128 12 . . . 7960 129 1 The the DT 7960 129 2 " " `` 7960 129 3 Absolute Absolute NNP 7960 129 4 Emperors Emperors NNPS 7960 129 5 , , , 7960 129 6 " " '' 7960 129 7 284 284 CD 7960 129 8 - - SYM 7960 129 9 395 395 CD 7960 129 10 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 129 11 76 76 CD 7960 129 12 . . . 7960 130 1 Economic economic JJ 7960 130 2 and and CC 7960 130 3 Social Social NNP 7960 130 4 Conditions Conditions NNPS 7960 130 5 in in IN 7960 130 6 the the DT 7960 130 7 Third third JJ 7960 130 8 and and CC 7960 130 9 Fourth Fourth NNP 7960 130 10 Centuries Centuries NNPS 7960 130 11 77 77 CD 7960 130 12 . . . 7960 131 1 The the DT 7960 131 2 Preparation Preparation NNP 7960 131 3 for for IN 7960 131 4 Christianity Christianity NNP 7960 131 5 78 78 CD 7960 131 6 . . . 7960 132 1 Rise rise VB 7960 132 2 and and CC 7960 132 3 Spread spread NN 7960 132 4 of of IN 7960 132 5 Christianity Christianity NNP 7960 132 6 79 79 CD 7960 132 7 . . . 7960 133 1 The the DT 7960 133 2 Persecutions Persecutions NNPS 7960 133 3 80 80 CD 7960 133 4 . . . 7960 134 1 Triumph Triumph NNP 7960 134 2 of of IN 7960 134 3 Christianity Christianity NNP 7960 134 4 81 81 CD 7960 134 5 . . . 7960 135 1 Christian Christian NNP 7960 135 2 Influence Influence NNP 7960 135 3 on on IN 7960 135 4 Society Society NNP 7960 135 5 XI XI NNP 7960 135 6 . . . 7960 136 1 THE the DT 7960 136 2 GERMANS german NNS 7960 136 3 TO to IN 7960 136 4 476 476 CD 7960 136 5 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 136 6 82 82 CD 7960 136 7 . . . 7960 137 1 Germany Germany NNP 7960 137 2 and and CC 7960 137 3 the the DT 7960 137 4 Germans Germans NNPS 7960 137 5 83 83 CD 7960 137 6 . . . 7960 138 1 Breaking break VBG 7960 138 2 of of IN 7960 138 3 the the DT 7960 138 4 Danube Danube NNP 7960 138 5 Barrier Barrier NNP 7960 138 6 84 84 CD 7960 138 7 . . . 7960 139 1 Breaking break VBG 7960 139 2 of of IN 7960 139 3 the the DT 7960 139 4 Rhine Rhine NNP 7960 139 5 Barrier Barrier NNP 7960 139 6 85 85 CD 7960 139 7 . . . 7960 140 1 Inroads inroad NNS 7960 140 2 of of IN 7960 140 3 the the DT 7960 140 4 Huns Huns NNP 7960 140 5 86 86 CD 7960 140 6 . . . 7960 141 1 End end NN 7960 141 2 of of IN 7960 141 3 the the DT 7960 141 4 Roman Roman NNP 7960 141 5 Empire Empire NNP 7960 141 6 in in IN 7960 141 7 the the DT 7960 141 8 West West NNP 7960 141 9 , , , 7960 141 10 476 476 CD 7960 141 11 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 141 12 87 87 CD 7960 141 13 . . . 7960 142 1 Germanic Germanic NNP 7960 142 2 Influence Influence NNP 7960 142 3 on on IN 7960 142 4 Society Society NNP 7960 142 5 XII XII NNP 7960 142 6 . . . 7960 143 1 CLASSICAL CLASSICAL NNP 7960 143 2 CIVILIZATION CIVILIZATION NNP 7960 143 3 . . . 7960 144 1 88 88 CD 7960 144 2 . . . 7960 145 1 The the DT 7960 145 2 Classical Classical NNP 7960 145 3 City City NNP 7960 145 4 89 89 CD 7960 145 5 . . . 7960 146 1 Education education NN 7960 146 2 and and CC 7960 146 3 the the DT 7960 146 4 Condition Condition NNP 7960 146 5 of of IN 7960 146 6 Children Children NNP 7960 146 7 90 90 CD 7960 146 8 . . . 7960 147 1 Marriage marriage NN 7960 147 2 and and CC 7960 147 3 the the DT 7960 147 4 Position position NN 7960 147 5 of of IN 7960 147 6 Women Women NNP 7960 147 7 91 91 CD 7960 147 8 . . . 7960 148 1 The the DT 7960 148 2 Home Home NNP 7960 148 3 and and CC 7960 148 4 Private Private NNP 7960 148 5 Life Life NNP 7960 148 6 92 92 CD 7960 148 7 . . . 7960 149 1 Amusements amusement NNS 7960 149 2 93 93 CD 7960 149 3 . . . 7960 150 1 Slavery Slavery NNP 7960 150 2 94 94 CD 7960 150 3 . . . 7960 151 1 Greek Greek NNP 7960 151 2 Literature Literature NNP 7960 151 3 95 95 CD 7960 151 4 . . . 7960 152 1 Greek Greek NNP 7960 152 2 Philosophy Philosophy NNP 7960 152 3 96 96 CD 7960 152 4 . . . 7960 153 1 Roman Roman NNP 7960 153 2 Literature Literature NNP 7960 153 3 97 97 CD 7960 153 4 . . . 7960 154 1 Greek Greek NNP 7960 154 2 Architecture Architecture NNP 7960 154 3 98 98 CD 7960 154 4 . . . 7960 155 1 Greek Greek NNP 7960 155 2 Sculpture Sculpture NNP 7960 155 3 99 99 CD 7960 155 4 . . . 7960 156 1 Roman roman JJ 7960 156 2 Architecture Architecture NNP 7960 156 3 and and CC 7960 156 4 Sculpture Sculpture NNP 7960 156 5 100 100 CD 7960 156 6 . . . 7960 157 1 Artistic Artistic NNP 7960 157 2 Athens Athens NNP 7960 157 3 101 101 CD 7960 157 4 . . . 7960 158 1 Artistic artistic JJ 7960 158 2 Rome Rome NNP 7960 158 3 XIII XIII NNP 7960 158 4 . . . 7960 159 1 WESTERN WESTERN NNP 7960 159 2 EUROPE EUROPE NNP 7960 159 3 DURING during IN 7960 159 4 THE the DT 7960 159 5 EARLY EARLY NNP 7960 159 6 MIDDLE MIDDLE NNP 7960 159 7 AGES AGES NNP 7960 159 8 , , , 7960 159 9 476 476 CD 7960 159 10 - - SYM 7960 159 11 962 962 CD 7960 159 12 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 159 13 102 102 CD 7960 159 14 . . . 7960 160 1 The the DT 7960 160 2 Ostrogoths Ostrogoths NNPS 7960 160 3 in in IN 7960 160 4 Italy Italy NNP 7960 160 5 , , , 7960 160 6 488 488 CD 7960 160 7 - - SYM 7960 160 8 553 553 CD 7960 160 9 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 160 10 103 103 CD 7960 160 11 . . . 7960 161 1 The the DT 7960 161 2 Lombards Lombards NNP 7960 161 3 in in IN 7960 161 4 Italy Italy NNP 7960 161 5 , , , 7960 161 6 568 568 CD 7960 161 7 - - SYM 7960 161 8 774 774 CD 7960 161 9 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 161 10 104 104 CD 7960 161 11 . . . 7960 162 1 The the DT 7960 162 2 Franks Franks NNPS 7960 162 3 under under IN 7960 162 4 Clovis Clovis NNP 7960 162 5 and and CC 7960 162 6 His -PRON- PRP$ 7960 162 7 Successors Successors NNP 7960 162 8 105 105 CD 7960 162 9 . . . 7960 163 1 The the DT 7960 163 2 Franks Franks NNPS 7960 163 3 under under IN 7960 163 4 Charles Charles NNP 7960 163 5 Martel Martel NNP 7960 163 6 and and CC 7960 163 7 Pepin Pepin NNP 7960 163 8 the the DT 7960 163 9 Short Short NNP 7960 163 10 106 106 CD 7960 163 11 . . . 7960 164 1 The the DT 7960 164 2 Reign Reign NNP 7960 164 3 of of IN 7960 164 4 Charlemagne Charlemagne NNP 7960 164 5 , , , 7960 164 6 768 768 CD 7960 164 7 - - SYM 7960 164 8 814 814 CD 7960 164 9 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 164 10 107 107 CD 7960 164 11 . . . 7960 165 1 Charlemagne Charlemagne NNP 7960 165 2 and and CC 7960 165 3 the the DT 7960 165 4 Revival Revival NNP 7960 165 5 of of IN 7960 165 6 the the DT 7960 165 7 Roman Roman NNP 7960 165 8 Empire Empire NNP 7960 165 9 , , , 7960 165 10 800 800 CD 7960 165 11 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 165 12 108 108 CD 7960 165 13 . . . 7960 166 1 Disruption Disruption NNP 7960 166 2 of of IN 7960 166 3 Charlemagne Charlemagne NNP 7960 166 4 's 's POS 7960 166 5 Empire Empire NNP 7960 166 6 , , , 7960 166 7 814 814 CD 7960 166 8 - - SYM 7960 166 9 870 870 CD 7960 166 10 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 166 11 109 109 CD 7960 166 12 . . . 7960 167 1 Germany Germany NNP 7960 167 2 under under IN 7960 167 3 Saxon Saxon NNP 7960 167 4 Kings Kings NNP 7960 167 5 , , , 7960 167 6 919 919 CD 7960 167 7 - - SYM 7960 167 8 973 973 CD 7960 167 9 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 167 10 110 110 CD 7960 167 11 . . . 7960 168 1 Otto Otto NNP 7960 168 2 the the DT 7960 168 3 Great great JJ 7960 168 4 and and CC 7960 168 5 the the DT 7960 168 6 Restoration Restoration NNP 7960 168 7 of of IN 7960 168 8 the the DT 7960 168 9 Roman Roman NNP 7960 168 10 Empire Empire NNP 7960 168 11 , , , 7960 168 12 962 962 CD 7960 168 13 A.D. a.d. NN 7960 168 14 111 111 CD 7960 168 15 . . . 7960 169 1 The the DT 7960 169 2 Anglo Anglo NNP 7960 169 3 - - HYPH 7960 169 4 Saxons Saxons NNPS 7960 169 5 in in IN 7960 169 6 Britain Britain NNP 7960 169 7 , , , 7960 169 8 449 449 CD 7960 169 9 - - SYM 7960 169 10 839 839 CD 7960 169 11 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 169 12 112 112 CD 7960 169 13 . . . 7960 170 1 Christianity christianity NN 7960 170 2 in in IN 7960 170 3 the the DT 7960 170 4 British british JJ 7960 170 5 Isles Isles NNPS 7960 170 6 113 113 CD 7960 170 7 . . . 7960 171 1 The the DT 7960 171 2 Fusion Fusion NNP 7960 171 3 of of IN 7960 171 4 Germans Germans NNPS 7960 171 5 and and CC 7960 171 6 Romans Romans NNPS 7960 171 7 XIV XIV NNP 7960 171 8 . . . 7960 172 1 EASTERN EASTERN NNP 7960 172 2 EUROPE EUROPE NNP 7960 172 3 DURING during IN 7960 172 4 THE the DT 7960 172 5 EARLY EARLY NNP 7960 172 6 MIDDLE MIDDLE NNP 7960 172 7 AGES AGES NNP 7960 172 8 , , , 7960 172 9 395 395 CD 7960 172 10 - - HYPH 7960 172 11 1095 1095 CD 7960 172 12 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 172 13 114 114 CD 7960 172 14 . . . 7960 173 1 The the DT 7960 173 2 Roman Roman NNP 7960 173 3 Empire Empire NNP 7960 173 4 in in IN 7960 173 5 the the DT 7960 173 6 East East NNP 7960 173 7 115 115 CD 7960 173 8 . . . 7960 174 1 The the DT 7960 174 2 Reign Reign NNP 7960 174 3 of of IN 7960 174 4 Justinian Justinian NNP 7960 174 5 , , , 7960 174 6 527 527 CD 7960 174 7 - - SYM 7960 174 8 565 565 CD 7960 174 9 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 174 10 116 116 CD 7960 174 11 . . . 7960 175 1 The the DT 7960 175 2 Empire Empire NNP 7960 175 3 and and CC 7960 175 4 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 175 5 Asiatic Asiatic NNP 7960 175 6 Foes Foes NNP 7960 175 7 117 117 CD 7960 175 8 . . . 7960 176 1 The the DT 7960 176 2 Empire Empire NNP 7960 176 3 and and CC 7960 176 4 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 176 5 Foes Foes NNPS 7960 176 6 in in IN 7960 176 7 Europe Europe NNP 7960 176 8 118 118 CD 7960 176 9 . . . 7960 177 1 Byzantine Byzantine NNP 7960 177 2 Civilization Civilization NNP 7960 177 3 119 119 CD 7960 177 4 . . . 7960 178 1 Constantinople Constantinople NNP 7960 178 2 XV XV NNP 7960 178 3 . . . 7960 179 1 THE the DT 7960 179 2 CHRISTIAN CHRISTIAN NNP 7960 179 3 CHURCH CHURCH VBZ 7960 179 4 IN in IN 7960 179 5 THE the DT 7960 179 6 EAST EAST NNP 7960 179 7 AND and CC 7960 179 8 IN in IN 7960 179 9 THE the DT 7960 179 10 WEST west NN 7960 179 11 TO to IN 7960 179 12 1054 1054 CD 7960 179 13 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 179 14 120 120 CD 7960 179 15 . . . 7960 180 1 Development development NN 7960 180 2 of of IN 7960 180 3 the the DT 7960 180 4 Christian Christian NNP 7960 180 5 Church Church NNP 7960 180 6 121 121 CD 7960 180 7 . . . 7960 181 1 Eastern Eastern NNP 7960 181 2 Christianity Christianity NNP 7960 181 3 122 122 CD 7960 181 4 . . . 7960 182 1 Western Western NNP 7960 182 2 Christianity Christianity NNP 7960 182 3 : : : 7960 182 4 Rise rise NN 7960 182 5 of of IN 7960 182 6 the the DT 7960 182 7 Papacy Papacy NNP 7960 182 8 123 123 CD 7960 182 9 . . . 7960 183 1 Growth growth NN 7960 183 2 of of IN 7960 183 3 the the DT 7960 183 4 Papacy Papacy NNP 7960 183 5 124 124 CD 7960 183 6 . . . 7960 184 1 Monasticism Monasticism NNP 7960 184 2 125 125 CD 7960 184 3 . . . 7960 185 1 Life life NN 7960 185 2 and and CC 7960 185 3 Work Work NNP 7960 185 4 of of IN 7960 185 5 the the DT 7960 185 6 Monks Monks NNP 7960 185 7 126 126 CD 7960 185 8 . . . 7960 186 1 Spread Spread NNP 7960 186 2 of of IN 7960 186 3 Christianity Christianity NNP 7960 186 4 over over IN 7960 186 5 Europe Europe NNP 7960 186 6 127 127 CD 7960 186 7 . . . 7960 187 1 Separation separation NN 7960 187 2 of of IN 7960 187 3 Eastern eastern JJ 7960 187 4 and and CC 7960 187 5 Western Western NNP 7960 187 6 Christianity Christianity NNP 7960 187 7 128 128 CD 7960 187 8 . . . 7960 188 1 The the DT 7960 188 2 Greek Greek NNP 7960 188 3 Church Church NNP 7960 188 4 129 129 CD 7960 188 5 . . . 7960 189 1 The the DT 7960 189 2 Roman Roman NNP 7960 189 3 Church Church NNP 7960 189 4 XVI XVI NNP 7960 189 5 . . . 7960 190 1 THE the DT 7960 190 2 ORIENT orient NN 7960 190 3 AGAINST against IN 7960 190 4 THE the DT 7960 190 5 OCCIDENT occident NN 7960 190 6 : : : 7960 190 7 RISE RISE NNP 7960 190 8 AND and CC 7960 190 9 SPREAD SPREAD NNP 7960 190 10 OF of IN 7960 190 11 ISLAM ISLAM NNP 7960 190 12 , , , 7960 190 13 622 622 CD 7960 190 14 - - SYM 7960 190 15 1058 1058 CD 7960 190 16 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 190 17 130 130 CD 7960 190 18 . . . 7960 191 1 Arabia Arabia NNP 7960 191 2 and and CC 7960 191 3 the the DT 7960 191 4 Arabs Arabs NNPS 7960 191 5 131 131 CD 7960 191 6 . . . 7960 192 1 Mohammed Mohammed NNP 7960 192 2 : : : 7960 192 3 Prophet Prophet NNP 7960 192 4 and and CC 7960 192 5 Statesman Statesman NNP 7960 192 6 , , , 7960 192 7 622 622 CD 7960 192 8 - - SYM 7960 192 9 632 632 CD 7960 192 10 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 192 11 132 132 CD 7960 192 12 . . . 7960 193 1 Islam Islam NNP 7960 193 2 and and CC 7960 193 3 the the DT 7960 193 4 Koran Koran NNP 7960 193 5 133 133 CD 7960 193 6 . . . 7960 194 1 Expansion expansion NN 7960 194 2 of of IN 7960 194 3 Islam Islam NNP 7960 194 4 in in IN 7960 194 5 Asia Asia NNP 7960 194 6 and and CC 7960 194 7 Egypt Egypt NNP 7960 194 8 134 134 CD 7960 194 9 . . . 7960 195 1 Expansion expansion NN 7960 195 2 of of IN 7960 195 3 Islam Islam NNP 7960 195 4 in in IN 7960 195 5 North North NNP 7960 195 6 Africa Africa NNP 7960 195 7 and and CC 7960 195 8 Spain Spain NNP 7960 195 9 135 135 CD 7960 195 10 . . . 7960 196 1 The the DT 7960 196 2 Caliphate Caliphate NNP 7960 196 3 and and CC 7960 196 4 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 196 5 Disruption Disruption NNP 7960 196 6 , , , 7960 196 7 632 632 CD 7960 196 8 - - HYPH 7960 196 9 1058 1058 CD 7960 196 10 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 196 11 136 136 CD 7960 196 12 . . . 7960 197 1 Arabian Arabian NNP 7960 197 2 Civilization Civilization NNP 7960 197 3 137 137 CD 7960 197 4 . . . 7960 198 1 The the DT 7960 198 2 Influence Influence NNP 7960 198 3 of of IN 7960 198 4 Islam Islam NNP 7960 198 5 XVII XVII NNP 7960 198 6 . . . 7960 199 1 THE the DT 7960 199 2 NORTHMEN NORTHMEN NNP 7960 199 3 AND and CC 7960 199 4 THE the DT 7960 199 5 NORMANS norman NNS 7960 199 6 TO to IN 7960 199 7 1066 1066 CD 7960 199 8 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 199 9 138 138 CD 7960 199 10 . . . 7960 200 1 Scandinavia Scandinavia NNP 7960 200 2 and and CC 7960 200 3 the the DT 7960 200 4 Northmen Northmen NNP 7960 200 5 139 139 CD 7960 200 6 . . . 7960 201 1 The the DT 7960 201 2 Viking Viking NNP 7960 201 3 Age Age NNP 7960 201 4 140 140 CD 7960 201 5 . . . 7960 202 1 Scandinavian Scandinavian NNP 7960 202 2 Heathenism Heathenism NNP 7960 202 3 141 141 CD 7960 202 4 . . . 7960 203 1 The the DT 7960 203 2 Northmen Northmen NNP 7960 203 3 in in IN 7960 203 4 the the DT 7960 203 5 West West NNP 7960 203 6 142 142 CD 7960 203 7 . . . 7960 204 1 The the DT 7960 204 2 Northmen Northmen NNP 7960 204 3 in in IN 7960 204 4 the the DT 7960 204 5 East East NNP 7960 204 6 143 143 CD 7960 204 7 . . . 7960 205 1 Normandy Normandy NNP 7960 205 2 and and CC 7960 205 3 the the DT 7960 205 4 Normans Normans NNPS 7960 205 5 144 144 CD 7960 205 6 . . . 7960 206 1 Conquest Conquest NNP 7960 206 2 of of IN 7960 206 3 England England NNP 7960 206 4 by by IN 7960 206 5 the the DT 7960 206 6 Danes Danes NNPS 7960 206 7 ; ; : 7960 206 8 Alfred Alfred NNP 7960 206 9 the the DT 7960 206 10 Great Great NNP 7960 206 11 145 145 CD 7960 206 12 . . . 7960 207 1 Norman Norman NNP 7960 207 2 Conquest Conquest NNP 7960 207 3 of of IN 7960 207 4 England England NNP 7960 207 5 ; ; : 7960 207 6 William William NNP 7960 207 7 the the DT 7960 207 8 Conqueror Conqueror NNP 7960 207 9 146 146 CD 7960 207 10 . . . 7960 208 1 Results result NNS 7960 208 2 of of IN 7960 208 3 the the DT 7960 208 4 Norman Norman NNP 7960 208 5 Conquest Conquest NNP 7960 208 6 147 147 CD 7960 208 7 . . . 7960 209 1 Norman Norman NNP 7960 209 2 Conquest Conquest NNP 7960 209 3 of of IN 7960 209 4 Southern Southern NNP 7960 209 5 Italy Italy NNP 7960 209 6 and and CC 7960 209 7 Sicily Sicily NNP 7960 209 8 148 148 CD 7960 209 9 . . . 7960 210 1 The the DT 7960 210 2 Normans Normans NNPS 7960 210 3 in in IN 7960 210 4 European european JJ 7960 210 5 History history NN 7960 210 6 XVIII xviii NN 7960 210 7 . . . 7960 211 1 FEUDALISM FEUDALISM NNP 7960 211 2 149 149 CD 7960 211 3 . . . 7960 212 1 Rise rise NN 7960 212 2 of of IN 7960 212 3 Feudalism Feudalism NNP 7960 212 4 150 150 CD 7960 212 5 . . . 7960 213 1 Feudalism feudalism NN 7960 213 2 as as IN 7960 213 3 a a DT 7960 213 4 System System NNP 7960 213 5 of of IN 7960 213 6 Local Local NNP 7960 213 7 Government Government NNP 7960 213 8 151 151 CD 7960 213 9 . . . 7960 214 1 Feudal Feudal NNP 7960 214 2 Justice Justice NNP 7960 214 3 152 152 CD 7960 214 4 . . . 7960 215 1 Feudal Feudal NNP 7960 215 2 Warfare Warfare NNP 7960 215 3 153 153 CD 7960 215 4 . . . 7960 216 1 The the DT 7960 216 2 Castle Castle NNP 7960 216 3 and and CC 7960 216 4 Life Life NNP 7960 216 5 of of IN 7960 216 6 the the DT 7960 216 7 Nobles Nobles NNP 7960 216 8 154 154 CD 7960 216 9 . . . 7960 217 1 Knighthood Knighthood NNP 7960 217 2 and and CC 7960 217 3 Chivalry Chivalry NNP 7960 217 4 155 155 CD 7960 217 5 . . . 7960 218 1 Feudalism feudalism NN 7960 218 2 as as IN 7960 218 3 a a DT 7960 218 4 System System NNP 7960 218 5 of of IN 7960 218 6 Local Local NNP 7960 218 7 Industry Industry NNP 7960 218 8 156 156 CD 7960 218 9 . . . 7960 219 1 The the DT 7960 219 2 Village Village NNP 7960 219 3 and and CC 7960 219 4 Life Life NNP 7960 219 5 of of IN 7960 219 6 the the DT 7960 219 7 Peasants Peasants NNPS 7960 219 8 157 157 CD 7960 219 9 . . . 7960 220 1 Serfdom Serfdom NNP 7960 220 2 158 158 CD 7960 220 3 . . . 7960 221 1 Decline decline NN 7960 221 2 of of IN 7960 221 3 Feudalism Feudalism NNP 7960 221 4 XIX xix NN 7960 221 5 THE the DT 7960 221 6 PAPACY papacy NN 7960 221 7 AND and CC 7960 221 8 THE the DT 7960 221 9 HOLY HOLY NNP 7960 221 10 ROMAN ROMAN NNP 7960 221 11 EMPIRE empire NN 7960 221 12 , , , 7960 221 13 962 962 CD 7960 221 14 - - SYM 7960 221 15 1273 1273 CD 7960 221 16 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 221 17 159 159 CD 7960 221 18 . . . 7960 222 1 Characteristics Characteristics NNP 7960 222 2 of of IN 7960 222 3 the the DT 7960 222 4 Medieval Medieval NNP 7960 222 5 Church Church NNP 7960 222 6 160 160 CD 7960 222 7 . . . 7960 223 1 Church Church NNP 7960 223 2 Doctrine Doctrine NNP 7960 223 3 and and CC 7960 223 4 Worship Worship NNP 7960 223 5 161 161 CD 7960 223 6 . . . 7960 224 1 Church Church NNP 7960 224 2 Jurisdiction Jurisdiction NNP 7960 224 3 162 162 CD 7960 224 4 . . . 7960 225 1 The the DT 7960 225 2 Secular Secular NNP 7960 225 3 Clergy Clergy NNP 7960 225 4 163 163 CD 7960 225 5 . . . 7960 226 1 The the DT 7960 226 2 Regular Regular NNP 7960 226 3 Clergy Clergy NNP 7960 226 4 164 164 CD 7960 226 5 . . . 7960 227 1 The the DT 7960 227 2 Friars Friars NNP 7960 227 3 165 165 CD 7960 227 4 . . . 7960 228 1 Power power NN 7960 228 2 of of IN 7960 228 3 the the DT 7960 228 4 Papacy Papacy NNP 7960 228 5 166 166 CD 7960 228 6 . . . 7960 229 1 Popes pope NNS 7960 229 2 and and CC 7960 229 3 Emperors emperor NNS 7960 229 4 , , , 7960 229 5 962 962 CD 7960 229 6 - - SYM 7960 229 7 1122 1122 CD 7960 229 8 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 229 9 167 167 CD 7960 229 10 . . . 7960 230 1 Popes pope NNS 7960 230 2 and and CC 7960 230 3 Emperors emperor NNS 7960 230 4 , , , 7960 230 5 1122 1122 CD 7960 230 6 - - SYM 7960 230 7 1273 1273 CD 7960 230 8 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 230 9 168 168 CD 7960 230 10 . . . 7960 231 1 Significance significance NN 7960 231 2 of of IN 7960 231 3 the the DT 7960 231 4 Medieval Medieval NNP 7960 231 5 Church Church NNP 7960 231 6 XX XX NNP 7960 231 7 . . . 7960 232 1 THE the DT 7960 232 2 OCCIDENT occident NN 7960 232 3 AGAINST against IN 7960 232 4 THE the DT 7960 232 5 ORIENT ORIENT NNP 7960 232 6 , , , 7960 232 7 THE the DT 7960 232 8 CRUSADES CRUSADES NNP 7960 232 9 , , , 7960 232 10 1095 1095 CD 7960 232 11 - - SYM 7960 232 12 1291 1291 CD 7960 232 13 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 232 14 169 169 CD 7960 232 15 . . . 7960 233 1 Causes cause NNS 7960 233 2 of of IN 7960 233 3 the the DT 7960 233 4 Crusades Crusades NNP 7960 233 5 170 170 CD 7960 233 6 . . . 7960 234 1 First First NNP 7960 234 2 Crusade Crusade NNP 7960 234 3 , , , 7960 234 4 1095 1095 CD 7960 234 5 - - SYM 7960 234 6 1099 1099 CD 7960 234 7 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 234 8 171 171 CD 7960 234 9 . . . 7960 235 1 Crusaders Crusaders NNPS 7960 235 2 ' ' POS 7960 235 3 States States NNPS 7960 235 4 in in IN 7960 235 5 Syria Syria NNP 7960 235 6 172 172 CD 7960 235 7 . . . 7960 236 1 Second Second NNP 7960 236 2 Crusade Crusade NNP 7960 236 3 , , , 7960 236 4 1147 1147 CD 7960 236 5 - - SYM 7960 236 6 1149 1149 CD 7960 236 7 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 236 8 , , , 7960 236 9 and and CC 7960 236 10 Third Third NNP 7960 236 11 Crusade Crusade NNP 7960 236 12 , , , 7960 236 13 1189 1189 CD 7960 236 14 - - SYM 7960 236 15 1192 1192 CD 7960 236 16 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 236 17 173 173 CD 7960 236 18 . . . 7960 237 1 Fourth fourth JJ 7960 237 2 Crusade Crusade NNP 7960 237 3 and and CC 7960 237 4 the the DT 7960 237 5 Latin Latin NNP 7960 237 6 Empire Empire NNP 7960 237 7 of of IN 7960 237 8 Constantinople Constantinople NNP 7960 237 9 , , , 7960 237 10 1202 1202 CD 7960 237 11 - - SYM 7960 237 12 1261 1261 CD 7960 237 13 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 237 14 174 174 CD 7960 237 15 . . . 7960 238 1 Results result NNS 7960 238 2 of of IN 7960 238 3 the the DT 7960 238 4 Crusades Crusades NNP 7960 238 5 XXI XXI NNP 7960 238 6 THE the DT 7960 238 7 MONGOLS MONGOLS NNP 7960 238 8 AND and CC 7960 238 9 THE the DT 7960 238 10 OTTOMAN ottoman NN 7960 238 11 TURKS turks NN 7960 238 12 TO to IN 7960 238 13 1453 1453 CD 7960 238 14 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 238 15 175 175 CD 7960 238 16 . . . 7960 239 1 The the DT 7960 239 2 Mongols Mongols NNPS 7960 239 3 176 176 CD 7960 239 4 . . . 7960 240 1 Conquests conquest NNS 7960 240 2 of of IN 7960 240 3 the the DT 7960 240 4 Mongols Mongols NNPS 7960 240 5 , , , 7960 240 6 1206 1206 CD 7960 240 7 - - SYM 7960 240 8 1405 1405 CD 7960 240 9 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 240 10 177 177 CD 7960 240 11 . . . 7960 241 1 The the DT 7960 241 2 Mongols Mongols NNPS 7960 241 3 in in IN 7960 241 4 China China NNP 7960 241 5 and and CC 7960 241 6 India India NNP 7960 241 7 178 178 CD 7960 241 8 . . . 7960 242 1 The the DT 7960 242 2 Mongols Mongols NNPS 7960 242 3 in in IN 7960 242 4 Eastern Eastern NNP 7960 242 5 Europe Europe NNP 7960 242 6 179 179 CD 7960 242 7 . . . 7960 243 1 The the DT 7960 243 2 Ottoman Ottoman NNP 7960 243 3 Turks Turks NNPS 7960 243 4 and and CC 7960 243 5 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 243 6 Conquests conquest NNS 7960 243 7 , , , 7960 243 8 1227 1227 CD 7960 243 9 - - SYM 7960 243 10 1453 1453 CD 7960 243 11 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 243 12 180 180 CD 7960 243 13 . . . 7960 244 1 The the DT 7960 244 2 Ottoman Ottoman NNP 7960 244 3 Turks Turks NNPS 7960 244 4 in in IN 7960 244 5 Southeastern Southeastern NNP 7960 244 6 Europe Europe NNP 7960 244 7 XXII XXII NNP 7960 244 8 . . . 7960 245 1 EUROPEAN EUROPEAN NNP 7960 245 2 NATIONS NATIONS NNP 7960 245 3 DURING during IN 7960 245 4 THE the DT 7960 245 5 LATER later JJ 7960 245 6 MIDDLE MIDDLE NNP 7960 245 7 AGES AGES NNP 7960 245 8 181 181 CD 7960 245 9 . . . 7960 246 1 Growth growth NN 7960 246 2 of of IN 7960 246 3 the the DT 7960 246 4 Nations nation NNS 7960 246 5 182 182 CD 7960 246 6 . . . 7960 247 1 England England NNP 7960 247 2 under under IN 7960 247 3 William William NNP 7960 247 4 the the DT 7960 247 5 Conqueror Conqueror NNP 7960 247 6 , , , 7960 247 7 1066 1066 CD 7960 247 8 - - SYM 7960 247 9 1087 1087 CD 7960 247 10 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 247 11 , , , 7960 247 12 the the DT 7960 247 13 Norman Norman NNP 7960 247 14 Kingship Kingship NNP 7960 247 15 183 183 CD 7960 247 16 . . . 7960 248 1 England England NNP 7960 248 2 under under IN 7960 248 3 Henry Henry NNP 7960 248 4 II II NNP 7960 248 5 , , , 7960 248 6 1154 1154 CD 7960 248 7 - - SYM 7960 248 8 1189 1189 CD 7960 248 9 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 248 10 , , , 7960 248 11 Royal Royal NNP 7960 248 12 Justice Justice NNP 7960 248 13 and and CC 7960 248 14 the the DT 7960 248 15 Common Common NNP 7960 248 16 Law Law NNP 7960 248 17 184 184 CD 7960 248 18 . . . 7960 249 1 The the DT 7960 249 2 Great Great NNP 7960 249 3 Charter Charter NNP 7960 249 4 , , , 7960 249 5 1215 1215 CD 7960 249 6 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 249 7 185 185 CD 7960 249 8 . . . 7960 250 1 Parliament parliament NN 7960 250 2 during during IN 7960 250 3 the the DT 7960 250 4 Thirteenth Thirteenth NNP 7960 250 5 Century Century NNP 7960 250 6 186 186 CD 7960 250 7 . . . 7960 251 1 Expansion expansion NN 7960 251 2 of of IN 7960 251 3 England England NNP 7960 251 4 under under IN 7960 251 5 Edward Edward NNP 7960 251 6 I I NNP 7960 251 7 , , , 7960 251 8 1272 1272 CD 7960 251 9 - - SYM 7960 251 10 1307 1307 CD 7960 251 11 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 251 12 187 187 CD 7960 251 13 . . . 7960 252 1 Unification Unification NNP 7960 252 2 of of IN 7960 252 3 France France NNP 7960 252 4 , , , 7960 252 5 987 987 CD 7960 252 6 - - SYM 7960 252 7 1328 1328 CD 7960 252 8 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 252 9 188 188 CD 7960 252 10 . . . 7960 253 1 The the DT 7960 253 2 Hundred hundred CD 7960 253 3 Years Years NNPS 7960 253 4 ' ' POS 7960 253 5 War War NNP 7960 253 6 between between IN 7960 253 7 England England NNP 7960 253 8 and and CC 7960 253 9 France France NNP 7960 253 10 , , , 7960 253 11 1337 1337 CD 7960 253 12 - - SYM 7960 253 13 1453 1453 CD 7960 253 14 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 253 15 189 189 CD 7960 253 16 . . . 7960 254 1 The the DT 7960 254 2 Unification Unification NNP 7960 254 3 of of IN 7960 254 4 Spain Spain NNP 7960 254 5 ( ( -LRB- 7960 254 6 to to IN 7960 254 7 1492 1492 CD 7960 254 8 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 254 9 ) ) -RRB- 7960 254 10 190 190 CD 7960 254 11 . . . 7960 255 1 Austria Austria NNP 7960 255 2 and and CC 7960 255 3 the the DT 7960 255 4 Swiss Swiss NNP 7960 255 5 Confederation Confederation NNP 7960 255 6 , , , 7960 255 7 1273 1273 CD 7960 255 8 - - SYM 7960 255 9 1499 1499 CD 7960 255 10 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 255 11 191 191 CD 7960 255 12 . . . 7960 256 1 Expansion expansion NN 7960 256 2 of of IN 7960 256 3 Germany Germany NNP 7960 256 4 XXIII XXIII NNP 7960 256 5 . . . 7960 257 1 EUROPEAN european JJ 7960 257 2 CITIES city NNS 7960 257 3 DURING during IN 7960 257 4 THE the DT 7960 257 5 LATER later JJ 7960 257 6 MIDDLE MIDDLE NNP 7960 257 7 AGES AGES NNP 7960 257 8 192 192 CD 7960 257 9 . . . 7960 258 1 Growth growth NN 7960 258 2 of of IN 7960 258 3 the the DT 7960 258 4 Cities Cities NNP 7960 258 5 193 193 CD 7960 258 6 . . . 7960 259 1 City City NNP 7960 259 2 Life Life NNP 7960 259 3 194 194 CD 7960 259 4 . . . 7960 260 1 Civic Civic NNP 7960 260 2 Industry Industry NNP 7960 260 3 -- -- : 7960 260 4 the the DT 7960 260 5 Guilds Guilds NNP 7960 260 6 195 195 CD 7960 260 7 . . . 7960 261 1 Trade Trade NNP 7960 261 2 and and CC 7960 261 3 Commerce Commerce NNP 7960 261 4 196 196 CD 7960 261 5 . . . 7960 262 1 Money money NN 7960 262 2 and and CC 7960 262 3 Banking banking NN 7960 262 4 197 197 CD 7960 262 5 . . . 7960 263 1 Italian Italian NNP 7960 263 2 Cities Cities NNP 7960 263 3 198 198 CD 7960 263 4 . . . 7960 264 1 German German NNP 7960 264 2 Cities Cities NNPS 7960 264 3 , , , 7960 264 4 the the DT 7960 264 5 Hanseatic Hanseatic NNP 7960 264 6 League League NNP 7960 264 7 199 199 CD 7960 264 8 . . . 7960 265 1 The the DT 7960 265 2 Cities Cities NNPS 7960 265 3 of of IN 7960 265 4 Flanders Flanders NNPS 7960 265 5 XXIV XXIV NNP 7960 265 6 . . . 7960 266 1 MEDIEVAL medieval NN 7960 266 2 CIVILIZATION CIVILIZATION VBD 7960 266 3 200 200 CD 7960 266 4 . . . 7960 267 1 Formation formation NN 7960 267 2 of of IN 7960 267 3 National National NNP 7960 267 4 Languages Languages NNP 7960 267 5 201 201 CD 7960 267 6 . . . 7960 268 1 Development development NN 7960 268 2 of of IN 7960 268 3 National National NNP 7960 268 4 Literatures Literatures NNP 7960 268 5 202 202 CD 7960 268 6 . . . 7960 269 1 Romanesque Romanesque NNP 7960 269 2 and and CC 7960 269 3 Gothic Gothic NNP 7960 269 4 Architecture Architecture NNP 7960 269 5 , , , 7960 269 6 the the DT 7960 269 7 Cathedrals Cathedrals NNP 7960 269 8 203 203 CD 7960 269 9 . . . 7960 270 1 Education education NN 7960 270 2 , , , 7960 270 3 the the DT 7960 270 4 Universities university NNS 7960 270 5 204 204 CD 7960 270 6 . . . 7960 271 1 Scholasticism scholasticism NN 7960 271 2 205 205 CD 7960 271 3 . . . 7960 272 1 Science Science NNP 7960 272 2 and and CC 7960 272 3 Magic Magic NNP 7960 272 4 206 206 CD 7960 272 5 . . . 7960 273 1 Popular Popular NNP 7960 273 2 Superstitions Superstitions NNP 7960 273 3 207 207 CD 7960 273 4 . . . 7960 274 1 Popular Popular NNP 7960 274 2 Amusements Amusements NNP 7960 274 3 and and CC 7960 274 4 Festivals Festivals NNPS 7960 274 5 208 208 CD 7960 274 6 . . . 7960 275 1 Manners Manners NNPS 7960 275 2 and and CC 7960 275 3 Customs Customs NNP 7960 275 4 XXV XXV NNP 7960 275 5 . . . 7960 276 1 THE the DT 7960 276 2 RENAISSANCE RENAISSANCE NNP 7960 276 3 209 209 CD 7960 276 4 . . . 7960 277 1 Meaning mean VBG 7960 277 2 of of IN 7960 277 3 the the DT 7960 277 4 Renaissance Renaissance NNP 7960 277 5 210 210 CD 7960 277 6 . . . 7960 278 1 Revival revival NN 7960 278 2 of of IN 7960 278 3 Learning Learning NNP 7960 278 4 in in IN 7960 278 5 Italy Italy NNP 7960 278 6 211 211 CD 7960 278 7 . . . 7960 279 1 Paper Paper NNP 7960 279 2 and and CC 7960 279 3 Printing Printing NNP 7960 279 4 212 212 CD 7960 279 5 . . . 7960 280 1 Revival revival NN 7960 280 2 of of IN 7960 280 3 Art Art NNP 7960 280 4 in in IN 7960 280 5 Italy Italy NNP 7960 280 6 213 213 CD 7960 280 7 . . . 7960 281 1 Revival revival NN 7960 281 2 of of IN 7960 281 3 Learning Learning NNP 7960 281 4 and and CC 7960 281 5 Art Art NNP 7960 281 6 beyond beyond IN 7960 281 7 Italy Italy NNP 7960 281 8 214 214 CD 7960 281 9 . . . 7960 282 1 The the DT 7960 282 2 Renaissance Renaissance NNP 7960 282 3 in in IN 7960 282 4 Literature Literature NNP 7960 282 5 215 215 CD 7960 282 6 . . . 7960 283 1 The the DT 7960 283 2 Renaissance Renaissance NNP 7960 283 3 in in IN 7960 283 4 Education Education NNP 7960 283 5 216 216 CD 7960 283 6 . . . 7960 284 1 The the DT 7960 284 2 Scientific Scientific NNP 7960 284 3 Renaissance Renaissance NNP 7960 284 4 217 217 CD 7960 284 5 . . . 7960 285 1 The the DT 7960 285 2 Economic Economic NNP 7960 285 3 Renaissance Renaissance NNP 7960 285 4 XXVI XXVI NNP 7960 285 5 . . . 7960 286 1 GEOGRAPHICAL GEOGRAPHICAL NNP 7960 286 2 DISCOVERY DISCOVERY NNP 7960 286 3 AND and CC 7960 286 4 COLONIZATION COLONIZATION NNP 7960 286 5 218 218 CD 7960 286 6 . . . 7960 287 1 Medieval Medieval NNP 7960 287 2 Geography Geography NNP 7960 287 3 219 219 CD 7960 287 4 . . . 7960 288 1 Aids aid NNS 7960 288 2 to to IN 7960 288 3 Exploration Exploration NNP 7960 288 4 220 220 CD 7960 288 5 . . . 7960 289 1 To to IN 7960 289 2 the the DT 7960 289 3 Indies Indies NNP 7960 289 4 Eastward Eastward NNP 7960 289 5 -- -- : 7960 289 6 Prince Prince NNP 7960 289 7 Henry Henry NNP 7960 289 8 and and CC 7960 289 9 Da Da NNP 7960 289 10 Gama Gama NNP 7960 289 11 221 221 CD 7960 289 12 . . . 7960 290 1 The the DT 7960 290 2 Portuguese portuguese JJ 7960 290 3 Colonial Colonial NNP 7960 290 4 Empire Empire NNP 7960 290 5 222 222 CD 7960 290 6 . . . 7960 291 1 To to IN 7960 291 2 the the DT 7960 291 3 Indies Indies NNP 7960 291 4 Westward Westward NNP 7960 291 5 : : : 7960 291 6 Columbus Columbus NNP 7960 291 7 and and CC 7960 291 8 Magellan Magellan NNP 7960 291 9 223 223 CD 7960 291 10 . . . 7960 292 1 The the DT 7960 292 2 Indians Indians NNPS 7960 292 3 224 224 CD 7960 292 4 . . . 7960 293 1 Spanish Spanish NNP 7960 293 2 Explorations Explorations NNPS 7960 293 3 and and CC 7960 293 4 Conquests Conquests NNPS 7960 293 5 in in IN 7960 293 6 America America NNP 7960 293 7 225 225 CD 7960 293 8 . . . 7960 294 1 The the DT 7960 294 2 Spanish Spanish NNP 7960 294 3 Colonial Colonial NNP 7960 294 4 Empire Empire NNP 7960 294 5 226 226 CD 7960 294 6 . . . 7960 295 1 French french JJ 7960 295 2 and and CC 7960 295 3 English English NNP 7960 295 4 Explorations Explorations NNPS 7960 295 5 in in IN 7960 295 6 America America NNP 7960 295 7 227 227 CD 7960 295 8 . . . 7960 296 1 The the DT 7960 296 2 Old Old NNP 7960 296 3 World World NNP 7960 296 4 and and CC 7960 296 5 the the DT 7960 296 6 New New NNP 7960 296 7 XXVII xxvii NN 7960 296 8 . . . 7960 297 1 THE the DT 7960 297 2 REFORMATION reformation NN 7960 297 3 AND and CC 7960 297 4 THE the DT 7960 297 5 RELIGIOUS RELIGIOUS NNP 7960 297 6 WARS WARS NNP 7960 297 7 , , , 7960 297 8 1517 1517 CD 7960 297 9 - - SYM 7960 297 10 1648 1648 CD 7960 297 11 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 297 12 228 228 CD 7960 297 13 . . . 7960 298 1 Decline decline NN 7960 298 2 of of IN 7960 298 3 the the DT 7960 298 4 Papacy Papacy NNP 7960 298 5 229 229 CD 7960 298 6 . . . 7960 299 1 Heresies Heresies NNP 7960 299 2 and and CC 7960 299 3 Heretics Heretics NNP 7960 299 4 230 230 CD 7960 299 5 . . . 7960 300 1 Martin Martin NNP 7960 300 2 Luther Luther NNP 7960 300 3 and and CC 7960 300 4 the the DT 7960 300 5 Beginning beginning NN 7960 300 6 of of IN 7960 300 7 the the DT 7960 300 8 Reformation Reformation NNP 7960 300 9 in in IN 7960 300 10 Germany Germany NNP 7960 300 11 , , , 7960 300 12 1517 1517 CD 7960 300 13 - - SYM 7960 300 14 1522 1522 CD 7960 300 15 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 300 16 231 231 CD 7960 300 17 . . . 7960 301 1 Charles Charles NNP 7960 301 2 V V NNP 7960 301 3 and and CC 7960 301 4 the the DT 7960 301 5 Spread spread NN 7960 301 6 of of IN 7960 301 7 the the DT 7960 301 8 German German NNP 7960 301 9 Reformation Reformation NNP 7960 301 10 , , , 7960 301 11 1519 1519 CD 7960 301 12 - - SYM 7960 301 13 1556 1556 CD 7960 301 14 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 301 15 232 232 CD 7960 301 16 . . . 7960 302 1 The the DT 7960 302 2 Reformation Reformation NNP 7960 302 3 in in IN 7960 302 4 Switzerland Switzerland NNP 7960 302 5 : : : 7960 302 6 Zwingli Zwingli NNP 7960 302 7 and and CC 7960 302 8 Calvin Calvin NNP 7960 302 9 233 233 CD 7960 302 10 . . . 7960 303 1 The the DT 7960 303 2 English English NNP 7960 303 3 Reformation Reformation NNP 7960 303 4 , , , 7960 303 5 1533 1533 CD 7960 303 6 - - SYM 7960 303 7 1558 1558 CD 7960 303 8 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 303 9 234 234 CD 7960 303 10 . . . 7960 304 1 The the DT 7960 304 2 Protestant Protestant NNP 7960 304 3 Sects sect VBZ 7960 304 4 235 235 CD 7960 304 5 . . . 7960 305 1 The the DT 7960 305 2 Catholic Catholic NNP 7960 305 3 Counter Counter NNP 7960 305 4 Reformation Reformation NNP 7960 305 5 236 236 CD 7960 305 6 . . . 7960 306 1 Spain Spain NNP 7960 306 2 under under IN 7960 306 3 Philip Philip NNP 7960 306 4 II II NNP 7960 306 5 , , , 7960 306 6 1556 1556 CD 7960 306 7 - - SYM 7960 306 8 1598 1598 CD 7960 306 9 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 306 10 237 237 CD 7960 306 11 . . . 7960 307 1 Revolt revolt NN 7960 307 2 of of IN 7960 307 3 the the DT 7960 307 4 Netherlands Netherlands NNP 7960 307 5 238 238 CD 7960 307 6 . . . 7960 308 1 England England NNP 7960 308 2 under under IN 7960 308 3 Elizabeth Elizabeth NNP 7960 308 4 , , , 7960 308 5 1558 1558 CD 7960 308 6 - - SYM 7960 308 7 1603 1603 CD 7960 308 8 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 308 9 239 239 CD 7960 308 10 . . . 7960 309 1 The the DT 7960 309 2 Huguenot Huguenot NNP 7960 309 3 Wars Wars NNPS 7960 309 4 in in IN 7960 309 5 France France NNP 7960 309 6 240 240 CD 7960 309 7 . . . 7960 310 1 The the DT 7960 310 2 Thirty Thirty NNP 7960 310 3 Years Years NNPS 7960 310 4 ' ' POS 7960 310 5 War war NN 7960 310 6 , , , 7960 310 7 1618 1618 CD 7960 310 8 - - SYM 7960 310 9 1648 1648 CD 7960 310 10 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 310 11 XXVIII XXVIII NNP 7960 310 12 . . . 7960 311 1 ABSOLUTISM ABSOLUTISM NNP 7960 311 2 IN in IN 7960 311 3 FRANCE FRANCE NNP 7960 311 4 AND and CC 7960 311 5 ENGLAND ENGLAND NNP 7960 311 6 , , , 7960 311 7 1603 1603 CD 7960 311 8 - - SYM 7960 311 9 1715 1715 CD 7960 311 10 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 311 11 241 241 CD 7960 311 12 . . . 7960 312 1 The the DT 7960 312 2 Divine Divine NNP 7960 312 3 Right Right NNP 7960 312 4 of of IN 7960 312 5 Kings Kings NNP 7960 312 6 242 242 CD 7960 312 7 . . . 7960 313 1 The the DT 7960 313 2 Absolutism Absolutism NNP 7960 313 3 of of IN 7960 313 4 Louis Louis NNP 7960 313 5 XIV XIV NNP 7960 313 6 , , , 7960 313 7 1661 1661 CD 7960 313 8 - - SYM 7960 313 9 1715 1715 CD 7960 313 10 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 313 11 243 243 CD 7960 313 12 . . . 7960 314 1 France France NNP 7960 314 2 under under IN 7960 314 3 Louis Louis NNP 7960 314 4 XIV XIV NNP 7960 314 5 244 244 CD 7960 314 6 . . . 7960 315 1 The the DT 7960 315 2 Wars Wars NNPS 7960 315 3 of of IN 7960 315 4 Louis Louis NNP 7960 315 5 XIV XIV NNP 7960 315 6 245 245 CD 7960 315 7 . . . 7960 316 1 The the DT 7960 316 2 Absolutism absolutism NN 7960 316 3 of of IN 7960 316 4 the the DT 7960 316 5 Stuarts Stuarts NNPS 7960 316 6 , , , 7960 316 7 1603 1603 CD 7960 316 8 - - SYM 7960 316 9 1642 1642 CD 7960 316 10 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 316 11 246 246 CD 7960 316 12 . . . 7960 317 1 Oliver Oliver NNP 7960 317 2 Cromwell Cromwell NNP 7960 317 3 and and CC 7960 317 4 the the DT 7960 317 5 Civil Civil NNP 7960 317 6 War War NNP 7960 317 7 , , , 7960 317 8 1642 1642 CD 7960 317 9 - - SYM 7960 317 10 1649 1649 CD 7960 317 11 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 317 12 247 247 CD 7960 317 13 . . . 7960 318 1 The the DT 7960 318 2 Commonwealth Commonwealth NNP 7960 318 3 and and CC 7960 318 4 the the DT 7960 318 5 Protectorate Protectorate NNP 7960 318 6 , , , 7960 318 7 1649 1649 CD 7960 318 8 - - SYM 7960 318 9 1660 1660 CD 7960 318 10 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 318 11 248 248 CD 7960 318 12 . . . 7960 319 1 The the DT 7960 319 2 Restoration Restoration NNP 7960 319 3 and and CC 7960 319 4 the the DT 7960 319 5 " " `` 7960 319 6 Glorious Glorious NNP 7960 319 7 Revolution Revolution NNP 7960 319 8 , , , 7960 319 9 " " '' 7960 319 10 1660 1660 CD 7960 319 11 - - SYM 7960 319 12 1689 1689 CD 7960 319 13 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 319 14 249 249 CD 7960 319 15 . . . 7960 320 1 England England NNP 7960 320 2 in in IN 7960 320 3 the the DT 7960 320 4 Seventeenth Seventeenth NNP 7960 320 5 Century Century NNP 7960 320 6 APPENDIX APPENDIX NNP 7960 320 7 -- -- : 7960 320 8 Table table NN 7960 320 9 of of IN 7960 320 10 Events event NNS 7960 320 11 and and CC 7960 320 12 Dates Dates NNPS 7960 320 13 INDEX INDEX NNP 7960 320 14 AND and CC 7960 320 15 PRONOUNCING pronouncing NN 7960 320 16 VOCABULARY vocabulary NN 7960 320 17 LIST list NN 7960 320 18 OF of IN 7960 320 19 ILLUSTRATIONS illustrations JJ 7960 320 20 Disk Disk NNP 7960 320 21 of of IN 7960 320 22 Phaestus Phaestus NNP 7960 320 23 . . . 7960 321 1 A a DT 7960 321 2 Papyrus Papyrus NNP 7960 321 3 Manuscript Manuscript NNP 7960 321 4 . . . 7960 322 1 A a DT 7960 322 2 Prehistoric prehistoric JJ 7960 322 3 Egyptian egyptian JJ 7960 322 4 Grave grave NN 7960 322 5 . . . 7960 323 1 A a DT 7960 323 2 Hatchet Hatchet NNP 7960 323 3 of of IN 7960 323 4 the the DT 7960 323 5 Early Early NNP 7960 323 6 Stone Stone NNP 7960 323 7 Age Age NNP 7960 323 8 . . . 7960 324 1 Arrowheads arrowhead NNS 7960 324 2 of of IN 7960 324 3 the the DT 7960 324 4 Later Later NNP 7960 324 5 Stone Stone NNP 7960 324 6 Age Age NNP 7960 324 7 . . . 7960 325 1 Early early JJ 7960 325 2 Roman Roman NNP 7960 325 3 Bar Bar NNP 7960 325 4 Money money NN 7960 325 5 . . . 7960 326 1 Various various JJ 7960 326 2 Signs sign NNS 7960 326 3 of of IN 7960 326 4 Symbolic Symbolic NNP 7960 326 5 Picture Picture NNP 7960 326 6 Writing Writing NNP 7960 326 7 . . . 7960 327 1 Mexican Mexican NNP 7960 327 2 Rebus Rebus NNP 7960 327 3 . . . 7960 328 1 Chinese chinese JJ 7960 328 2 Picture Picture NNP 7960 328 3 Writing Writing NNP 7960 328 4 and and CC 7960 328 5 Later Later NNP 7960 328 6 Conventional Conventional NNP 7960 328 7 Characters character NNS 7960 328 8 . . . 7960 329 1 Cretan Cretan NNP 7960 329 2 Writing Writing NNP 7960 329 3 . . . 7960 330 1 Egyptian egyptian JJ 7960 330 2 and and CC 7960 330 3 Babylonian Babylonian NNP 7960 330 4 Writing Writing NNP 7960 330 5 . . . 7960 331 1 The the DT 7960 331 2 Moabite Moabite NNP 7960 331 3 Stone Stone NNP 7960 331 4 ( ( -LRB- 7960 331 5 Louvre Louvre NNP 7960 331 6 , , , 7960 331 7 Paris Paris NNP 7960 331 8 ) ) -RRB- 7960 331 9 . . . 7960 332 1 Head head NN 7960 332 2 of of IN 7960 332 3 a a DT 7960 332 4 Girl Girl NNP 7960 332 5 ( ( -LRB- 7960 332 6 Musée Musée NNP 7960 332 7 S. S. NNP 7960 332 8 Germain Germain NNP 7960 332 9 , , , 7960 332 10 Paris Paris NNP 7960 332 11 ) ) -RRB- 7960 332 12 . . . 7960 333 1 Sketch Sketch NNP 7960 333 2 of of IN 7960 333 3 Mammoth Mammoth NNP 7960 333 4 on on IN 7960 333 5 a a DT 7960 333 6 Tusk Tusk NNP 7960 333 7 found find VBN 7960 333 8 in in IN 7960 333 9 a a DT 7960 333 10 Cave Cave NNP 7960 333 11 in in IN 7960 333 12 France France NNP 7960 333 13 . . . 7960 334 1 Bison Bison NNP 7960 334 2 painted paint VBD 7960 334 3 on on IN 7960 334 4 the the DT 7960 334 5 Wall Wall NNP 7960 334 6 of of IN 7960 334 7 a a DT 7960 334 8 Cave Cave NNP 7960 334 9 . . . 7960 335 1 Cave cave VB 7960 335 2 Bear Bear NNP 7960 335 3 drawn draw VBN 7960 335 4 on on IN 7960 335 5 a a DT 7960 335 6 Pebble pebble NN 7960 335 7 . . . 7960 336 1 Wild wild JJ 7960 336 2 Horse horse NN 7960 336 3 on on IN 7960 336 4 the the DT 7960 336 5 Wall Wall NNP 7960 336 6 of of IN 7960 336 7 a a DT 7960 336 8 Cave Cave NNP 7960 336 9 in in IN 7960 336 10 Spain Spain NNP 7960 336 11 . . . 7960 337 1 A a DT 7960 337 2 Dolmen Dolmen NNP 7960 337 3 . . . 7960 338 1 Carved Carved NNP 7960 338 2 Menhir Menhir NNP 7960 338 3 . . . 7960 339 1 Race Race NNP 7960 339 2 Portraiture portraiture NN 7960 339 3 of of IN 7960 339 4 the the DT 7960 339 5 Egyptians Egyptians NNPS 7960 339 6 . . . 7960 340 1 The the DT 7960 340 2 Great Great NNP 7960 340 3 Wall Wall NNP 7960 340 4 of of IN 7960 340 5 China China NNP 7960 340 6 . . . 7960 341 1 Philae Philae NNS 7960 341 2 . . . 7960 342 1 Top Top NNP 7960 342 2 of of IN 7960 342 3 Monument Monument NNP 7960 342 4 containing contain VBG 7960 342 5 the the DT 7960 342 6 Code Code NNP 7960 342 7 of of IN 7960 342 8 Hammurabi Hammurabi NNP 7960 342 9 ( ( -LRB- 7960 342 10 British British NNP 7960 342 11 Museum Museum NNP 7960 342 12 , , , 7960 342 13 London London NNP 7960 342 14 ) ) -RRB- 7960 342 15 . . . 7960 343 1 Khufu Khufu NNP 7960 343 2 ( ( -LRB- 7960 343 3 Cheops Cheops NNP 7960 343 4 ) ) -RRB- 7960 343 5 , , , 7960 343 6 Builder Builder NNP 7960 343 7 of of IN 7960 343 8 the the DT 7960 343 9 Great Great NNP 7960 343 10 Pyramid Pyramid NNP 7960 343 11 . . . 7960 344 1 Menephtah Menephtah NNP 7960 344 2 , , , 7960 344 3 the the DT 7960 344 4 supposed suppose VBN 7960 344 5 Pharaoh Pharaoh NNP 7960 344 6 of of IN 7960 344 7 the the DT 7960 344 8 Exodus Exodus NNP 7960 344 9 . . . 7960 345 1 Head Head NNP 7960 345 2 of of IN 7960 345 3 Mummy Mummy NNP 7960 345 4 of of IN 7960 345 5 Rameses Rameses NNP 7960 345 6 II II NNP 7960 345 7 ( ( -LRB- 7960 345 8 Museum Museum NNP 7960 345 9 of of IN 7960 345 10 Gizeh Gizeh NNP 7960 345 11 ) ) -RRB- 7960 345 12 . . . 7960 346 1 The the DT 7960 346 2 Great Great NNP 7960 346 3 Pyramid Pyramid NNP 7960 346 4 . . . 7960 347 1 The the DT 7960 347 2 Great Great NNP 7960 347 3 Sphinx Sphinx NNP 7960 347 4 . . . 7960 348 1 A a DT 7960 348 2 Phoenician phoenician JJ 7960 348 3 War War NNP 7960 348 4 Galley Galley NNP 7960 348 5 . . . 7960 349 1 An an DT 7960 349 2 Assyrian Assyrian NNP 7960 349 3 . . . 7960 350 1 An an DT 7960 350 2 Assyrian assyrian JJ 7960 350 3 Relief Relief NNP 7960 350 4 ( ( -LRB- 7960 350 5 British British NNP 7960 350 6 Museum Museum NNP 7960 350 7 , , , 7960 350 8 London London NNP 7960 350 9 ) ) -RRB- 7960 350 10 . . . 7960 351 1 The the DT 7960 351 2 Ishtar Ishtar NNP 7960 351 3 Gate Gate NNP 7960 351 4 , , , 7960 351 5 Babylon Babylon NNP 7960 351 6 . . . 7960 352 1 The the DT 7960 352 2 Tomb Tomb NNP 7960 352 3 of of IN 7960 352 4 Cyrus Cyrus NNP 7960 352 5 the the DT 7960 352 6 Great Great NNP 7960 352 7 . . . 7960 353 1 Darius darius NN 7960 353 2 with with IN 7960 353 3 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 353 4 Attendants attendant NNS 7960 353 5 . . . 7960 354 1 Rock Rock NNP 7960 354 2 Sepulchers Sepulchers NNP 7960 354 3 of of IN 7960 354 4 the the DT 7960 354 5 Persian persian JJ 7960 354 6 Kings king NNS 7960 354 7 . . . 7960 355 1 A a DT 7960 355 2 Royal Royal NNP 7960 355 3 Name name NN 7960 355 4 in in IN 7960 355 5 Hieroglyphics Hieroglyphics NNP 7960 355 6 ( ( -LRB- 7960 355 7 Rosetta Rosetta NNP 7960 355 8 Stone Stone NNP 7960 355 9 ) ) -RRB- 7960 355 10 . . . 7960 356 1 An an DT 7960 356 2 Egyptian egyptian JJ 7960 356 3 Court Court NNP 7960 356 4 Scene Scene NNP 7960 356 5 . . . 7960 357 1 Plowing plow VBG 7960 357 2 and and CC 7960 357 3 Sowing Sowing NNP 7960 357 4 in in IN 7960 357 5 Ancient Ancient NNP 7960 357 6 Egypt Egypt NNP 7960 357 7 . . . 7960 358 1 Transport transport NN 7960 358 2 of of IN 7960 358 3 an an DT 7960 358 4 Assyrian Assyrian NNP 7960 358 5 Colossus Colossus NNP 7960 358 6 . . . 7960 359 1 Egyptian egyptian JJ 7960 359 2 weighing weigh VBG 7960 359 3 Cow cow NN 7960 359 4 Gold gold NN 7960 359 5 . . . 7960 360 1 Babylonian babylonian JJ 7960 360 2 Contract Contract NNP 7960 360 3 Tablet Tablet NNP 7960 360 4 . . . 7960 361 1 An an DT 7960 361 2 Egyptian egyptian JJ 7960 361 3 Scarab Scarab NNP 7960 361 4 . . . 7960 362 1 Amenhotep Amenhotep NNP 7960 362 2 IV IV NNP 7960 362 3 . . . 7960 363 1 Mummy Mummy NNP 7960 363 2 and and CC 7960 363 3 Cover Cover NNP 7960 363 4 of of IN 7960 363 5 Coffin Coffin NNP 7960 363 6 ( ( -LRB- 7960 363 7 U.S. U.S. NNP 7960 363 8 National National NNP 7960 363 9 Museum Museum NNP 7960 363 10 , , , 7960 363 11 Washington Washington NNP 7960 363 12 ) ) -RRB- 7960 363 13 . . . 7960 364 1 The the DT 7960 364 2 Judgment Judgment NNP 7960 364 3 of of IN 7960 364 4 the the DT 7960 364 5 Dead Dead NNP 7960 364 6 . . . 7960 365 1 The the DT 7960 365 2 Deluge Deluge NNP 7960 365 3 Tablet Tablet NNP 7960 365 4 ( ( -LRB- 7960 365 5 British British NNP 7960 365 6 Museum Museum NNP 7960 365 7 , , , 7960 365 8 London London NNP 7960 365 9 ) ) -RRB- 7960 365 10 . . . 7960 366 1 An an DT 7960 366 2 Egyptian egyptian JJ 7960 366 3 Temple Temple NNP 7960 366 4 ( ( -LRB- 7960 366 5 Restored Restored NNP 7960 366 6 ) ) -RRB- 7960 366 7 . . . 7960 367 1 An an DT 7960 367 2 Egyptian egyptian JJ 7960 367 3 Wooden Wooden NNP 7960 367 4 Statue Statue NNP 7960 367 5 ( ( -LRB- 7960 367 6 Museum Museum NNP 7960 367 7 of of IN 7960 367 8 Gizeh Gizeh NNP 7960 367 9 ) ) -RRB- 7960 367 10 . . . 7960 368 1 An an DT 7960 368 2 Assyrian Assyrian NNP 7960 368 3 Palace Palace NNP 7960 368 4 ( ( -LRB- 7960 368 5 Restored Restored NNP 7960 368 6 ) ) -RRB- 7960 368 7 . . . 7960 369 1 An an DT 7960 369 2 Assyrian Assyrian NNP 7960 369 3 Winged Winged NNP 7960 369 4 Human Human NNP 7960 369 5 headed head VBD 7960 369 6 Bull Bull NNP 7960 369 7 . . . 7960 370 1 An an DT 7960 370 2 Assyrian assyrian JJ 7960 370 3 Hunting Hunting NNP 7960 370 4 Scene Scene NNP 7960 370 5 ( ( -LRB- 7960 370 6 British British NNP 7960 370 7 Museum Museum NNP 7960 370 8 , , , 7960 370 9 London London NNP 7960 370 10 ) ) -RRB- 7960 370 11 . . . 7960 371 1 A a DT 7960 371 2 Babylonian babylonian JJ 7960 371 3 Map Map NNP 7960 371 4 of of IN 7960 371 5 the the DT 7960 371 6 World World NNP 7960 371 7 . . . 7960 372 1 An an DT 7960 372 2 Egyptian egyptian JJ 7960 372 3 Scribe Scribe NNP 7960 372 4 ( ( -LRB- 7960 372 5 Louvre Louvre NNP 7960 372 6 , , , 7960 372 7 Paris Paris NNP 7960 372 8 ) ) -RRB- 7960 372 9 . . . 7960 373 1 Excavations excavation NNS 7960 373 2 at at IN 7960 373 3 Nippur Nippur NNP 7960 373 4 . . . 7960 374 1 Excavations excavation NNS 7960 374 2 at at IN 7960 374 3 Troy Troy NNP 7960 374 4 . . . 7960 375 1 Lions Lions NNP 7960 375 2 ' ' POS 7960 375 3 Gate Gate NNP 7960 375 4 , , , 7960 375 5 Mycenae Mycenae NNP 7960 375 6 . . . 7960 376 1 Silver Silver NNP 7960 376 2 Fragment Fragment NNP 7960 376 3 from from IN 7960 376 4 Mycenae Mycenae NNP 7960 376 5 ( ( -LRB- 7960 376 6 National National NNP 7960 376 7 Museum Museum NNP 7960 376 8 , , , 7960 376 9 Athens Athens NNP 7960 376 10 ) ) -RRB- 7960 376 11 . . . 7960 377 1 A a DT 7960 377 2 Cretan Cretan NNP 7960 377 3 Girl Girl NNP 7960 377 4 ( ( -LRB- 7960 377 5 Museum Museum NNP 7960 377 6 of of IN 7960 377 7 Candia Candia NNP 7960 377 8 , , , 7960 377 9 Crete Crete NNP 7960 377 10 ) ) -RRB- 7960 377 11 . . . 7960 378 1 Aegean Aegean NNP 7960 378 2 Snake Snake NNP 7960 378 3 Goddess Goddess NNP 7960 378 4 ( ( -LRB- 7960 378 5 Museum Museum NNP 7960 378 6 of of IN 7960 378 7 Fine Fine NNP 7960 378 8 Arts Arts NNP 7960 378 9 , , , 7960 378 10 Boston Boston NNP 7960 378 11 ) ) -RRB- 7960 378 12 . . . 7960 379 1 A a DT 7960 379 2 Cretan Cretan NNP 7960 379 3 Cupbearer Cupbearer NNP 7960 379 4 ( ( -LRB- 7960 379 5 Museum Museum NNP 7960 379 6 of of IN 7960 379 7 Candia Candia NNP 7960 379 8 , , , 7960 379 9 Crete Crete NNP 7960 379 10 ) ) -RRB- 7960 379 11 . . . 7960 380 1 The the DT 7960 380 2 François François NNP 7960 380 3 Vase Vase NNP 7960 380 4 ( ( -LRB- 7960 380 5 Archaeological Archaeological NNP 7960 380 6 Museum Museum NNP 7960 380 7 , , , 7960 380 8 Florence Florence NNP 7960 380 9 ) ) -RRB- 7960 380 10 . . . 7960 381 1 Consulting consult VBG 7960 381 2 the the DT 7960 381 3 Oracle Oracle NNP 7960 381 4 at at IN 7960 381 5 Delphi Delphi NNP 7960 381 6 . . . 7960 382 1 The the DT 7960 382 2 Discus Discus NNP 7960 382 3 Thrower Thrower NNP 7960 382 4 ( ( -LRB- 7960 382 5 Lancelotti Lancelotti NNP 7960 382 6 Palace Palace NNP 7960 382 7 , , , 7960 382 8 Rome Rome NNP 7960 382 9 ) ) -RRB- 7960 382 10 . . . 7960 383 1 Athlete athlete NN 7960 383 2 using use VBG 7960 383 3 the the DT 7960 383 4 Strigil Strigil NNP 7960 383 5 ( ( -LRB- 7960 383 6 Vatican Vatican NNP 7960 383 7 Gallery Gallery NNP 7960 383 8 , , , 7960 383 9 Rome Rome NNP 7960 383 10 ) ) -RRB- 7960 383 11 . . . 7960 384 1 " " `` 7960 384 2 Temple Temple NNP 7960 384 3 of of IN 7960 384 4 Neptune Neptune NNP 7960 384 5 , , , 7960 384 6 " " `` 7960 384 7 Paestum Paestum NNP 7960 384 8 . . . 7960 385 1 Croesus croesus NN 7960 385 2 on on IN 7960 385 3 the the DT 7960 385 4 Pyre Pyre NNP 7960 385 5 . . . 7960 386 1 Persian Persian NNP 7960 386 2 Archers Archers NNP 7960 386 3 ( ( -LRB- 7960 386 4 Louvre Louvre NNP 7960 386 5 , , , 7960 386 6 Paris Paris NNP 7960 386 7 ) ) -RRB- 7960 386 8 . . . 7960 387 1 Gravestone gravestone NN 7960 387 2 of of IN 7960 387 3 Aristion Aristion NNP 7960 387 4 ( ( -LRB- 7960 387 5 National National NNP 7960 387 6 Museum Museum NNP 7960 387 7 , , , 7960 387 8 Athens Athens NNP 7960 387 9 ) ) -RRB- 7960 387 10 . . . 7960 388 1 Greek Greek NNP 7960 388 2 Soldiers Soldiers NNPS 7960 388 3 in in IN 7960 388 4 Arms Arms NNP 7960 388 5 . . . 7960 389 1 The the DT 7960 389 2 Mound Mound NNP 7960 389 3 at at IN 7960 389 4 Marathon Marathon NNP 7960 389 5 . . . 7960 390 1 A a DT 7960 390 2 Themistocles Themistocles NNP 7960 390 3 Ostrakon Ostrakon NNP 7960 390 4 ( ( -LRB- 7960 390 5 British British NNP 7960 390 6 Museum Museum NNP 7960 390 7 , , , 7960 390 8 London London NNP 7960 390 9 ) ) -RRB- 7960 390 10 . . . 7960 391 1 An an DT 7960 391 2 Athenian athenian JJ 7960 391 3 Trireme Trireme NNP 7960 391 4 ( ( -LRB- 7960 391 5 Reconstruction Reconstruction NNP 7960 391 6 ) ) -RRB- 7960 391 7 . . . 7960 392 1 " " `` 7960 392 2 Theseum Theseum NNP 7960 392 3 " " '' 7960 392 4 . . . 7960 393 1 Pericles Pericles NNP 7960 393 2 ( ( -LRB- 7960 393 3 British British NNP 7960 393 4 Museum Museum NNP 7960 393 5 , , , 7960 393 6 London London NNP 7960 393 7 ) ) -RRB- 7960 393 8 . . . 7960 394 1 An an DT 7960 394 2 Athenian athenian JJ 7960 394 3 Inscription inscription NN 7960 394 4 . . . 7960 395 1 The the DT 7960 395 2 " " `` 7960 395 3 Mourning Mourning NNP 7960 395 4 Athena Athena NNP 7960 395 5 " " '' 7960 395 6 ( ( -LRB- 7960 395 7 Acropolis Acropolis NNP 7960 395 8 Museum Museum NNP 7960 395 9 , , , 7960 395 10 Athens Athens NNP 7960 395 11 ) ) -RRB- 7960 395 12 . . . 7960 396 1 A a DT 7960 396 2 Silver Silver NNP 7960 396 3 Coin Coin NNP 7960 396 4 of of IN 7960 396 5 Syracuse Syracuse NNP 7960 396 6 . . . 7960 397 1 Philip Philip NNP 7960 397 2 II II NNP 7960 397 3 . . . 7960 398 1 Demosthenes Demosthenes NNP 7960 398 2 ( ( -LRB- 7960 398 3 Vatican Vatican NNP 7960 398 4 Museum Museum NNP 7960 398 5 , , , 7960 398 6 Rome Rome NNP 7960 398 7 ) ) -RRB- 7960 398 8 . . . 7960 399 1 Alexander Alexander NNP 7960 399 2 ( ( -LRB- 7960 399 3 Glyptothek Glyptothek NNP 7960 399 4 , , , 7960 399 5 Munich Munich NNP 7960 399 6 ) ) -RRB- 7960 399 7 . . . 7960 400 1 The the DT 7960 400 2 Alexander Alexander NNP 7960 400 3 Mosaic Mosaic NNP 7960 400 4 ( ( -LRB- 7960 400 5 Naples Naples NNP 7960 400 6 Museum Museum NNP 7960 400 7 ) ) -RRB- 7960 400 8 . . . 7960 401 1 A a DT 7960 401 2 Greek Greek NNP 7960 401 3 Cameo Cameo NNP 7960 401 4 ( ( -LRB- 7960 401 5 Museum Museum NNP 7960 401 6 , , , 7960 401 7 Vienna Vienna NNP 7960 401 8 ) ) -RRB- 7960 401 9 . . . 7960 402 1 The the DT 7960 402 2 Dying die VBG 7960 402 3 Gaul Gaul NNP 7960 402 4 ( ( -LRB- 7960 402 5 Capitoline Capitoline NNP 7960 402 6 Museum Museum NNP 7960 402 7 , , , 7960 402 8 Rome Rome NNP 7960 402 9 ) ) -RRB- 7960 402 10 . . . 7960 403 1 A a DT 7960 403 2 Graeco Graeco NNP 7960 403 3 - - HYPH 7960 403 4 Etruscan Etruscan NNP 7960 403 5 Chariot Chariot NNP 7960 403 6 ( ( -LRB- 7960 403 7 Metropolitan Metropolitan NNP 7960 403 8 Museum Museum NNP 7960 403 9 of of IN 7960 403 10 Art Art NNP 7960 403 11 , , , 7960 403 12 New New NNP 7960 403 13 York York NNP 7960 403 14 ) ) -RRB- 7960 403 15 . . . 7960 404 1 An an DT 7960 404 2 Etruscan Etruscan NNP 7960 404 3 Arch Arch NNP 7960 404 4 . . . 7960 405 1 Characters character NNS 7960 405 2 of of IN 7960 405 3 the the DT 7960 405 4 Etruscan Etruscan NNP 7960 405 5 Alphabet Alphabet NNP 7960 405 6 . . . 7960 406 1 An an DT 7960 406 2 Early early JJ 7960 406 3 Roman roman JJ 7960 406 4 Coin coin NN 7960 406 5 . . . 7960 407 1 A a DT 7960 407 2 Roman Roman NNP 7960 407 3 Farmer Farmer NNP 7960 407 4 's 's POS 7960 407 5 Calendar Calendar NNP 7960 407 6 . . . 7960 408 1 Cinerary Cinerary NNP 7960 408 2 Urns Urns NNP 7960 408 3 in in IN 7960 408 4 Terra Terra NNP 7960 408 5 Cotta Cotta NNP 7960 408 6 ( ( -LRB- 7960 408 7 Vatican Vatican NNP 7960 408 8 Museum Museum NNP 7960 408 9 , , , 7960 408 10 Rome Rome NNP 7960 408 11 ) ) -RRB- 7960 408 12 . . . 7960 409 1 A a DT 7960 409 2 Vestal vestal JJ 7960 409 3 Virgin Virgin NNP 7960 409 4 . . . 7960 410 1 Suovetaurilia Suovetaurilia NNP 7960 410 2 ( ( -LRB- 7960 410 3 Louvre Louvre NNP 7960 410 4 , , , 7960 410 5 Paris Paris NNP 7960 410 6 ) ) -RRB- 7960 410 7 . . . 7960 411 1 An an DT 7960 411 2 Etruscan Etruscan NNP 7960 411 3 Augur Augur NNP 7960 411 4 . . . 7960 412 1 Coop coop NN 7960 412 2 with with IN 7960 412 3 Sacred Sacred NNP 7960 412 4 Chickens chicken NNS 7960 412 5 . . . 7960 413 1 Curule Curule NNP 7960 413 2 Chair Chair NNP 7960 413 3 and and CC 7960 413 4 Fasces Fasces NNPS 7960 413 5 . . . 7960 414 1 The the DT 7960 414 2 Appian appian JJ 7960 414 3 Way way NN 7960 414 4 . . . 7960 415 1 A a DT 7960 415 2 Roman roman JJ 7960 415 3 Legionary Legionary NNP 7960 415 4 . . . 7960 416 1 A a DT 7960 416 2 Roman roman JJ 7960 416 3 Standard Standard NNP 7960 416 4 Bearer Bearer NNP 7960 416 5 ( ( -LRB- 7960 416 6 Bonn Bonn NNP 7960 416 7 Museum Museum NNP 7960 416 8 ) ) -RRB- 7960 416 9 . . . 7960 417 1 Column Column NNP 7960 417 2 of of IN 7960 417 3 Duilius Duilius NNP 7960 417 4 ( ( -LRB- 7960 417 5 Restored Restored NNP 7960 417 6 ) ) -RRB- 7960 417 7 . . . 7960 418 1 A a DT 7960 418 2 Carthaginian carthaginian JJ 7960 418 3 or or CC 7960 418 4 Roman roman JJ 7960 418 5 Helmet Helmet NNP 7960 418 6 ( ( -LRB- 7960 418 7 British British NNP 7960 418 8 Museum Museum NNP 7960 418 9 , , , 7960 418 10 London London NNP 7960 418 11 ) ) -RRB- 7960 418 12 . . . 7960 419 1 A a DT 7960 419 2 Testudo Testudo NNP 7960 419 3 . . . 7960 420 1 Storming storm VBG 7960 420 2 a a DT 7960 420 3 City City NNP 7960 420 4 ( ( -LRB- 7960 420 5 Reconstruction Reconstruction NNP 7960 420 6 ) ) -RRB- 7960 420 7 . . . 7960 421 1 Gnaeus Gnaeus NNP 7960 421 2 Pompeius Pompeius NNP 7960 421 3 Magnus Magnus NNP 7960 421 4 ( ( -LRB- 7960 421 5 Spada Spada NNP 7960 421 6 Palace Palace NNP 7960 421 7 , , , 7960 421 8 Rome Rome NNP 7960 421 9 ) ) -RRB- 7960 421 10 . . . 7960 422 1 Marcus Marcus NNP 7960 422 2 Tullius Tullius NNP 7960 422 3 Cicero Cicero NNP 7960 422 4 ( ( -LRB- 7960 422 5 Vatican Vatican NNP 7960 422 6 Museum Museum NNP 7960 422 7 , , , 7960 422 8 Rome Rome NNP 7960 422 9 ) ) -RRB- 7960 422 10 . . . 7960 423 1 Gaius Gaius NNP 7960 423 2 Julius Julius NNP 7960 423 3 Caesar Caesar NNP 7960 423 4 ( ( -LRB- 7960 423 5 British British NNP 7960 423 6 Museum Museum NNP 7960 423 7 , , , 7960 423 8 London London NNP 7960 423 9 ) ) -RRB- 7960 423 10 . . . 7960 424 1 A a DT 7960 424 2 Roman roman JJ 7960 424 3 Coin Coin NNP 7960 424 4 with with IN 7960 424 5 the the DT 7960 424 6 Head Head NNP 7960 424 7 of of IN 7960 424 8 Julius Julius NNP 7960 424 9 Caesar Caesar NNP 7960 424 10 . . . 7960 425 1 Augustus Augustus NNP 7960 425 2 ( ( -LRB- 7960 425 3 Vatican Vatican NNP 7960 425 4 Museum Museum NNP 7960 425 5 , , , 7960 425 6 Rome Rome NNP 7960 425 7 ) ) -RRB- 7960 425 8 . . . 7960 426 1 Monumentum monumentum JJ 7960 426 2 Ancyranum Ancyranum NNP 7960 426 3 . . . 7960 427 1 Pompeii Pompeii NNP 7960 427 2 . . . 7960 428 1 Nerva Nerva NNP 7960 428 2 ( ( -LRB- 7960 428 3 Vatican Vatican NNP 7960 428 4 Museum Museum NNP 7960 428 5 , , , 7960 428 6 Rome Rome NNP 7960 428 7 ) ) -RRB- 7960 428 8 . . . 7960 429 1 Column Column NNP 7960 429 2 of of IN 7960 429 3 Trajan Trajan NNP 7960 429 4 . . . 7960 430 1 The the DT 7960 430 2 Pantheon Pantheon NNP 7960 430 3 . . . 7960 431 1 The the DT 7960 431 2 Tomb Tomb NNP 7960 431 3 of of IN 7960 431 4 Hadrian Hadrian NNP 7960 431 5 . . . 7960 432 1 Marcus Marcus NNP 7960 432 2 Aurelius Aurelius NNP 7960 432 3 in in IN 7960 432 4 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 432 5 Triumphal Triumphal NNP 7960 432 6 Car Car NNP 7960 432 7 ( ( -LRB- 7960 432 8 Palace palace NN 7960 432 9 of of IN 7960 432 10 the the DT 7960 432 11 Conservatori Conservatori NNP 7960 432 12 , , , 7960 432 13 Rome Rome NNP 7960 432 14 ) ) -RRB- 7960 432 15 . . . 7960 433 1 Wall Wall NNP 7960 433 2 of of IN 7960 433 3 Hadrian Hadrian NNP 7960 433 4 in in IN 7960 433 5 Britain Britain NNP 7960 433 6 . . . 7960 434 1 Roman Roman NNP 7960 434 2 Baths Baths NNP 7960 434 3 , , , 7960 434 4 at at IN 7960 434 5 Bath Bath NNP 7960 434 6 , , , 7960 434 7 England England NNP 7960 434 8 . . . 7960 435 1 A a DT 7960 435 2 Roman Roman NNP 7960 435 3 Freight Freight NNP 7960 435 4 Ship Ship NNP 7960 435 5 . . . 7960 436 1 A a DT 7960 436 2 Roman roman JJ 7960 436 3 Villa villa NN 7960 436 4 . . . 7960 437 1 A a DT 7960 437 2 Roman roman JJ 7960 437 3 Temple Temple NNP 7960 437 4 . . . 7960 438 1 The the DT 7960 438 2 Amphitheater Amphitheater NNP 7960 438 3 at at IN 7960 438 4 Arles Arles NNP 7960 438 5 . . . 7960 439 1 A a DT 7960 439 2 Megalith Megalith NNP 7960 439 3 at at IN 7960 439 4 Baalbec Baalbec NNP 7960 439 5 The the DT 7960 439 6 Wall Wall NNP 7960 439 7 of of IN 7960 439 8 Rome Rome NNP 7960 439 9 A A NNP 7960 439 10 Mithraic Mithraic NNP 7960 439 11 Monument Monument NNP 7960 439 12 Modern Modern NNP 7960 439 13 Jerusalem Jerusalem NNP 7960 439 14 and and CC 7960 439 15 the the DT 7960 439 16 Mount Mount NNP 7960 439 17 of of IN 7960 439 18 Olives Olives NNPS 7960 439 19 Madonna Madonna NNP 7960 439 20 and and CC 7960 439 21 Child Child NNP 7960 439 22 Christ Christ NNP 7960 439 23 the the DT 7960 439 24 Good good JJ 7960 439 25 Shepherd Shepherd NNP 7960 439 26 ( ( -LRB- 7960 439 27 Imperial Imperial NNP 7960 439 28 Museum Museum NNP 7960 439 29 , , , 7960 439 30 Constantinople Constantinople NNP 7960 439 31 ) ) -RRB- 7960 439 32 Interior Interior NNP 7960 439 33 of of IN 7960 439 34 the the DT 7960 439 35 Catacombs Catacombs NNP 7960 439 36 The the DT 7960 439 37 Labarum Labarum NNP 7960 439 38 Arch Arch NNP 7960 439 39 of of IN 7960 439 40 Constantine Constantine NNP 7960 439 41 Runic Runic NNP 7960 439 42 Alphabet Alphabet NNP 7960 439 43 A A NNP 7960 439 44 Page Page NNP 7960 439 45 of of IN 7960 439 46 the the DT 7960 439 47 Gothic Gothic NNP 7960 439 48 Gospels Gospels NNPS 7960 439 49 ( ( -LRB- 7960 439 50 Reduced reduce VBN 7960 439 51 ) ) -RRB- 7960 439 52 An an DT 7960 439 53 Athenian Athenian NNP 7960 439 54 School School NNP 7960 439 55 ( ( -LRB- 7960 439 56 Royal Royal NNP 7960 439 57 Museum Museum NNP 7960 439 58 , , , 7960 439 59 Berlin Berlin NNP 7960 439 60 ) ) -RRB- 7960 439 61 A a DT 7960 439 62 Roman Roman NNP 7960 439 63 School School NNP 7960 439 64 Scene Scene NNP 7960 439 65 Youth Youth NNP 7960 439 66 reading read VBG 7960 439 67 a a DT 7960 439 68 Papyrus Papyrus NNP 7960 439 69 Roll Roll NNP 7960 439 70 House House NNP 7960 439 71 of of IN 7960 439 72 the the DT 7960 439 73 Vettii Vettii NNP 7960 439 74 at at IN 7960 439 75 Pompeii Pompeii NNP 7960 439 76 ( ( -LRB- 7960 439 77 Restored Restored NNP 7960 439 78 ) ) -RRB- 7960 439 79 Atrium Atrium NNP 7960 439 80 of of IN 7960 439 81 a a DT 7960 439 82 Pompeian Pompeian NNP 7960 439 83 House House NNP 7960 439 84 Pompeian Pompeian NNP 7960 439 85 Floor Floor NNP 7960 439 86 Mosaic Mosaic NNP 7960 439 87 Peristyle Peristyle NNP 7960 439 88 of of IN 7960 439 89 a a DT 7960 439 90 Pompeian Pompeian NNP 7960 439 91 House House NNP 7960 439 92 A A NNP 7960 439 93 Greek Greek NNP 7960 439 94 Banquet Banquet NNP 7960 439 95 A a DT 7960 439 96 Roman Roman NNP 7960 439 97 Litter Litter NNP 7960 439 98 Theater Theater NNP 7960 439 99 of of IN 7960 439 100 Dionysus Dionysus NNP 7960 439 101 , , , 7960 439 102 Athens Athens NNP 7960 439 103 A a DT 7960 439 104 Dancing dancing NN 7960 439 105 Girl Girl NNP 7960 439 106 The the DT 7960 439 107 Circus Circus NNP 7960 439 108 Maximus Maximus NNP 7960 439 109 ( ( -LRB- 7960 439 110 Restoration Restoration NNP 7960 439 111 ) ) -RRB- 7960 439 112 Gladiators gladiator VBZ 7960 439 113 A A NNP 7960 439 114 Slave Slave NNP 7960 439 115 's 's POS 7960 439 116 Collar collar NN 7960 439 117 Sophocles Sophocles NNPS 7960 439 118 ( ( -LRB- 7960 439 119 Lateran Lateran NNP 7960 439 120 Museum Museum NNP 7960 439 121 , , , 7960 439 122 Rome Rome NNP 7960 439 123 ) ) -RRB- 7960 439 124 Socrates Socrates NNP 7960 439 125 ( ( -LRB- 7960 439 126 Vatican Vatican NNP 7960 439 127 Museum Museum NNP 7960 439 128 , , , 7960 439 129 Rome Rome NNP 7960 439 130 ) ) -RRB- 7960 439 131 Corner Corner NNP 7960 439 132 of of IN 7960 439 133 a a DT 7960 439 134 Doric Doric NNP 7960 439 135 Façade Façade NNP 7960 439 136 Corner Corner NNP 7960 439 137 of of IN 7960 439 138 an an DT 7960 439 139 Ionic Ionic NNP 7960 439 140 Façade Façade NNP 7960 439 141 Corinthian Corinthian NNP 7960 439 142 Capital Capital NNP 7960 439 143 Composite Composite NNP 7960 439 144 Capital Capital NNP 7960 439 145 Tuscan Tuscan NNP 7960 439 146 Capital Capital NNP 7960 439 147 Interior Interior NNP 7960 439 148 View View NNP 7960 439 149 of of IN 7960 439 150 the the DT 7960 439 151 Ulpian Ulpian NNP 7960 439 152 Basilica Basilica NNP 7960 439 153 ( ( -LRB- 7960 439 154 Restoration Restoration NNP 7960 439 155 ) ) -RRB- 7960 439 156 A a DT 7960 439 157 Roman roman JJ 7960 439 158 Aqueduct aqueduct NN 7960 439 159 The the DT 7960 439 160 Colosseum Colosseum NNP 7960 439 161 ( ( -LRB- 7960 439 162 Exterior Exterior NNP 7960 439 163 ) ) -RRB- 7960 439 164 The the DT 7960 439 165 Colosseum Colosseum NNP 7960 439 166 ( ( -LRB- 7960 439 167 Interior Interior NNP 7960 439 168 ) ) -RRB- 7960 439 169 A a DT 7960 439 170 Roman Roman NNP 7960 439 171 Cameo Cameo NNP 7960 439 172 Tomb Tomb NNP 7960 439 173 of of IN 7960 439 174 Theodoric Theodoric NNP 7960 439 175 at at IN 7960 439 176 Ravenna Ravenna NNP 7960 439 177 Charlemagne Charlemagne NNP 7960 439 178 ( ( -LRB- 7960 439 179 Lateran Lateran NNP 7960 439 180 Museum Museum NNP 7960 439 181 Rome Rome NNP 7960 439 182 ) ) -RRB- 7960 439 183 The the DT 7960 439 184 Iron Iron NNP 7960 439 185 Crown Crown NNP 7960 439 186 of of IN 7960 439 187 Lombardy Lombardy NNP 7960 439 188 Cathedral Cathedral NNP 7960 439 189 at at IN 7960 439 190 Aix Aix NNP 7960 439 191 la la NNP 7960 439 192 Chapelle Chapelle NNP 7960 439 193 Ring Ring NNP 7960 439 194 Seal Seal NNP 7960 439 195 of of IN 7960 439 196 Otto Otto NNP 7960 439 197 the the DT 7960 439 198 Great Great NNP 7960 439 199 Anglo Anglo NNP 7960 439 200 Saxon Saxon NNP 7960 439 201 Drinking Drinking NNP 7960 439 202 Horn Horn NNP 7960 439 203 St. St. NNP 7960 439 204 Martin Martin NNP 7960 439 205 's 's POS 7960 439 206 Church Church NNP 7960 439 207 , , , 7960 439 208 Canterbury Canterbury NNP 7960 439 209 Canterbury Canterbury NNP 7960 439 210 Cathedral Cathedral NNP 7960 439 211 A a DT 7960 439 212 Mosaic Mosaic NNP 7960 439 213 of of IN 7960 439 214 Justinian Justinian NNP 7960 439 215 The The NNP 7960 439 216 Three Three NNP 7960 439 217 Existing Existing NNP 7960 439 218 Monuments Monuments NNPS 7960 439 219 of of IN 7960 439 220 the the DT 7960 439 221 Hippodrome Hippodrome NNP 7960 439 222 , , , 7960 439 223 Constantinople Constantinople NNP 7960 439 224 Religious Religious NNP 7960 439 225 Music Music NNP 7960 439 226 The the DT 7960 439 227 Nestorian Nestorian NNP 7960 439 228 Monument Monument NNP 7960 439 229 Papal Papal NNP 7960 439 230 Arms Arms NNP 7960 439 231 St. St. NNP 7960 439 232 Daniel Daniel NNP 7960 439 233 the the DT 7960 439 234 Stylite Stylite NNP 7960 439 235 on on IN 7960 439 236 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 439 237 Column Column NNP 7960 439 238 Abbey Abbey NNP 7960 439 239 of of IN 7960 439 240 Saint Saint NNP 7960 439 241 Germain Germain NNP 7960 439 242 des des NNP 7960 439 243 Prés Prés NNP 7960 439 244 , , , 7960 439 245 Paris Paris NNP 7960 439 246 A a DT 7960 439 247 Monk Monk NNP 7960 439 248 Copyist Copyist NNP 7960 439 249 Mecca Mecca NNP 7960 439 250 A A NNP 7960 439 251 Letter Letter NNP 7960 439 252 of of IN 7960 439 253 Mohammed Mohammed NNP 7960 439 254 A A NNP 7960 439 255 Passage Passage NNP 7960 439 256 from from IN 7960 439 257 the the DT 7960 439 258 Koran Koran NNP 7960 439 259 Naval Naval NNP 7960 439 260 Battle Battle NNP 7960 439 261 showing show VBG 7960 439 262 Use Use NNP 7960 439 263 of of IN 7960 439 264 " " `` 7960 439 265 Greek Greek NNP 7960 439 266 Fire Fire NNP 7960 439 267 " " '' 7960 439 268 Interior Interior NNP 7960 439 269 of of IN 7960 439 270 the the DT 7960 439 271 Mosque Mosque NNP 7960 439 272 of of IN 7960 439 273 Cordova Cordova NNP 7960 439 274 Capitals Capitals NNPS 7960 439 275 and and CC 7960 439 276 Arabesques Arabesques NNPS 7960 439 277 from from IN 7960 439 278 the the DT 7960 439 279 Alhambra Alhambra NNP 7960 439 280 Swedish Swedish NNP 7960 439 281 Rock rock NN 7960 439 282 Carving Carving NNP 7960 439 283 A a DT 7960 439 284 Runic Runic NNP 7960 439 285 Stone Stone NNP 7960 439 286 A a NN 7960 439 287 Viking vike VBG 7960 439 288 Ship Ship NNP 7960 439 289 Norse Norse NNP 7960 439 290 Metal Metal NNP 7960 439 291 Work Work NNP 7960 439 292 ( ( -LRB- 7960 439 293 Museum Museum NNP 7960 439 294 , , , 7960 439 295 Copenhagen Copenhagen NNP 7960 439 296 ) ) -RRB- 7960 439 297 Alfred Alfred NNP 7960 439 298 the the DT 7960 439 299 Great Great NNP 7960 439 300 Alfred Alfred NNP 7960 439 301 's 's POS 7960 439 302 Jewel Jewel NNP 7960 439 303 ( ( -LRB- 7960 439 304 Ashmolean Ashmolean NNP 7960 439 305 Museum Museum NNP 7960 439 306 , , , 7960 439 307 Oxford Oxford NNP 7960 439 308 ) ) -RRB- 7960 439 309 A a DT 7960 439 310 Scene scene NN 7960 439 311 from from IN 7960 439 312 the the DT 7960 439 313 Bayeux Bayeux NNP 7960 439 314 Tapestry Tapestry NNP 7960 439 315 ( ( -LRB- 7960 439 316 Museum Museum NNP 7960 439 317 of of IN 7960 439 318 Bayeux Bayeux NNP 7960 439 319 , , , 7960 439 320 Normandy Normandy NNP 7960 439 321 ) ) -RRB- 7960 439 322 Trial Trial NNP 7960 439 323 by by IN 7960 439 324 Combat Combat NNP 7960 439 325 Mounted Mounted NNP 7960 439 326 Knight Knight NNP 7960 439 327 Pierrefonds Pierrefonds NNPS 7960 439 328 Château Château NNP 7960 439 329 Gaillard Gaillard NNP 7960 439 330 ( ( -LRB- 7960 439 331 Restored Restored NNP 7960 439 332 ) ) -RRB- 7960 439 333 King King NNP 7960 439 334 and and CC 7960 439 335 Jester Jester NNP 7960 439 336 Falconry Falconry NNP 7960 439 337 Farm Farm NNP 7960 439 338 Work Work NNP 7960 439 339 in in IN 7960 439 340 the the DT 7960 439 341 Fourteenth Fourteenth NNP 7960 439 342 Century Century NNP 7960 439 343 Pilgrims Pilgrims NNPS 7960 439 344 to to IN 7960 439 345 Canterbury Canterbury NNP 7960 439 346 A A NNP 7960 439 347 Bishop Bishop NNP 7960 439 348 ordaining ordain VBG 7960 439 349 a a DT 7960 439 350 Priest Priest NNP 7960 439 351 St. St. NNP 7960 439 352 Francis Francis NNP 7960 439 353 blessing blessing NN 7960 439 354 the the DT 7960 439 355 Birds Birds NNPS 7960 439 356 The the DT 7960 439 357 Spiritual Spiritual NNP 7960 439 358 and and CC 7960 439 359 the the DT 7960 439 360 Temporal Temporal NNP 7960 439 361 Power Power NNP 7960 439 362 Henry Henry NNP 7960 439 363 IV IV NNP 7960 439 364 , , , 7960 439 365 Countess Countess NNP 7960 439 366 Matilda Matilda NNP 7960 439 367 , , , 7960 439 368 and and CC 7960 439 369 Gregory Gregory NNP 7960 439 370 VII VII NNP 7960 439 371 Contest contest NN 7960 439 372 between between IN 7960 439 373 Crusaders Crusaders NNPS 7960 439 374 and and CC 7960 439 375 Moslems Moslems NNPS 7960 439 376 " " `` 7960 439 377 Mosque Mosque NNP 7960 439 378 of of IN 7960 439 379 Omar Omar NNP 7960 439 380 , , , 7960 439 381 " " '' 7960 439 382 Jerusalem Jerusalem NNP 7960 439 383 Effigy Effigy NNP 7960 439 384 of of IN 7960 439 385 a a DT 7960 439 386 Knight Knight NNP 7960 439 387 Templar Templar NNP 7960 439 388 Richard Richard NNP 7960 439 389 I I NNP 7960 439 390 in in IN 7960 439 391 Prison Prison NNP 7960 439 392 Hut Hut NNP 7960 439 393 - - HYPH 7960 439 394 Wagon Wagon NNP 7960 439 395 of of IN 7960 439 396 the the DT 7960 439 397 Mongols Mongols NNPS 7960 439 398 ( ( -LRB- 7960 439 399 Reconstruction Reconstruction NNP 7960 439 400 ) ) -RRB- 7960 439 401 Tomb Tomb NNP 7960 439 402 of of IN 7960 439 403 Timur Timur NNP 7960 439 404 at at IN 7960 439 405 Samarkand Samarkand NNP 7960 439 406 Mohammed Mohammed NNP 7960 439 407 II II NNP 7960 439 408 The the DT 7960 439 409 " " `` 7960 439 410 White White NNP 7960 439 411 Tower Tower NNP 7960 439 412 " " '' 7960 439 413 A A NNP 7960 439 414 Passage Passage NNP 7960 439 415 from from IN 7960 439 416 Domesday Domesday NNP 7960 439 417 Book Book NNP 7960 439 418 Windsor Windsor NNP 7960 439 419 Castle Castle NNP 7960 439 420 Extract Extract NNP 7960 439 421 from from IN 7960 439 422 the the DT 7960 439 423 Great Great NNP 7960 439 424 Charter Charter NNP 7960 439 425 Coronation Coronation NNP 7960 439 426 Chair Chair NNP 7960 439 427 , , , 7960 439 428 Westminster Westminster NNP 7960 439 429 Abbey Abbey NNP 7960 439 430 A a DT 7960 439 431 Queen Queen NNP 7960 439 432 Eleanor Eleanor NNP 7960 439 433 Cross Cross NNP 7960 439 434 Royal Royal NNP 7960 439 435 Arms Arms NNP 7960 439 436 of of IN 7960 439 437 Edward Edward NNP 7960 439 438 III III NNP 7960 439 439 English English NNP 7960 439 440 Archer Archer NNP 7960 439 441 Walls Walls NNPS 7960 439 442 of of IN 7960 439 443 Carcassonne Carcassonne NNP 7960 439 444 A A NNP 7960 439 445 Scene Scene NNP 7960 439 446 in in IN 7960 439 447 Rothenburg Rothenburg NNP 7960 439 448 House House NNP 7960 439 449 of of IN 7960 439 450 the the DT 7960 439 451 Butchers Butchers NNPS 7960 439 452 ' ' POS 7960 439 453 Guild Guild NNP 7960 439 454 , , , 7960 439 455 Hildesheim Hildesheim NNP 7960 439 456 , , , 7960 439 457 Germany Germany NNP 7960 439 458 Baptistery Baptistery NNP 7960 439 459 , , , 7960 439 460 Cathedral Cathedral NNP 7960 439 461 , , , 7960 439 462 and and CC 7960 439 463 " " `` 7960 439 464 Leaning Leaning NNP 7960 439 465 Tower Tower NNP 7960 439 466 " " '' 7960 439 467 of of IN 7960 439 468 Pisa Pisa NNP 7960 439 469 Venice Venice NNP 7960 439 470 and and CC 7960 439 471 the the DT 7960 439 472 Grand Grand NNP 7960 439 473 Canal Canal NNP 7960 439 474 Belfry Belfry NNP 7960 439 475 of of IN 7960 439 476 Bruges Bruges NNP 7960 439 477 Town Town NNP 7960 439 478 Hall Hall NNP 7960 439 479 of of IN 7960 439 480 Louvain Louvain NNP 7960 439 481 , , , 7960 439 482 Belgium Belgium NNP 7960 439 483 Geoffrey Geoffrey NNP 7960 439 484 Chaucer Chaucer NNP 7960 439 485 Roland Roland NNP 7960 439 486 at at IN 7960 439 487 Roncesvalles Roncesvalles NNP 7960 439 488 Cross Cross NNP 7960 439 489 Section Section NNP 7960 439 490 of of IN 7960 439 491 Amiens Amiens NNP 7960 439 492 Cathedral Cathedral NNP 7960 439 493 Gargoyles Gargoyles NNPS 7960 439 494 on on IN 7960 439 495 the the DT 7960 439 496 Cathedral Cathedral NNP 7960 439 497 of of IN 7960 439 498 Notre Notre NNP 7960 439 499 Dame Dame NNP 7960 439 500 , , , 7960 439 501 Paris Paris NNP 7960 439 502 View View NNP 7960 439 503 of of IN 7960 439 504 New New NNP 7960 439 505 College College NNP 7960 439 506 , , , 7960 439 507 Oxford Oxford NNP 7960 439 508 Tower Tower NNP 7960 439 509 of of IN 7960 439 510 Magdalen Magdalen NNP 7960 439 511 College College NNP 7960 439 512 , , , 7960 439 513 Oxford Oxford NNP 7960 439 514 Roger Roger NNP 7960 439 515 Bacon Bacon NNP 7960 439 516 Magician Magician NNP 7960 439 517 rescued rescue VBN 7960 439 518 from from IN 7960 439 519 the the DT 7960 439 520 Devil Devil NNP 7960 439 521 The the DT 7960 439 522 Witches Witches NNPS 7960 439 523 ' ' POS 7960 439 524 Sabbath Sabbath NNP 7960 439 525 Chess Chess NNP 7960 439 526 Pieces Pieces NNPS 7960 439 527 of of IN 7960 439 528 Charlemagne Charlemagne NNP 7960 439 529 Bear Bear NNP 7960 439 530 Baiting Baiting NNP 7960 439 531 Mummers Mummers NNPS 7960 439 532 A a DT 7960 439 533 Miracle miracle NN 7960 439 534 Play play NN 7960 439 535 at at IN 7960 439 536 Coventry Coventry NNP 7960 439 537 , , , 7960 439 538 England England NNP 7960 439 539 Manor Manor NNP 7960 439 540 House House NNP 7960 439 541 in in IN 7960 439 542 Shropshire Shropshire NNP 7960 439 543 , , , 7960 439 544 England England NNP 7960 439 545 Interior Interior NNP 7960 439 546 of of IN 7960 439 547 an an DT 7960 439 548 English English NNP 7960 439 549 Manor Manor NNP 7960 439 550 House House NNP 7960 439 551 Costumes Costumes NNPS 7960 439 552 of of IN 7960 439 553 Ladies Ladies NNPS 7960 439 554 during during IN 7960 439 555 the the DT 7960 439 556 Later Later NNP 7960 439 557 Middle Middle NNP 7960 439 558 Ages Ages NNPS 7960 439 559 Dante Dante NNP 7960 439 560 Alighieri Alighieri NNP 7960 439 561 Petrarch Petrarch NNP 7960 439 562 An an DT 7960 439 563 Early early JJ 7960 439 564 Printing Printing NNP 7960 439 565 Press Press NNP 7960 439 566 Facsimile Facsimile NNP 7960 439 567 of of IN 7960 439 568 Part Part NNP 7960 439 569 of of IN 7960 439 570 Caxton Caxton NNP 7960 439 571 's 's POS 7960 439 572 " " `` 7960 439 573 Aeneid Aeneid NNP 7960 439 574 " " '' 7960 439 575 ( ( -LRB- 7960 439 576 Reduced reduce VBN 7960 439 577 ) ) -RRB- 7960 439 578 Desiderius Desiderius NNP 7960 439 579 Erasmus Erasmus NNP 7960 439 580 ( ( -LRB- 7960 439 581 Louvre Louvre NNP 7960 439 582 , , , 7960 439 583 Paris Paris NNP 7960 439 584 ) ) -RRB- 7960 439 585 Cervantes Cervantes NNP 7960 439 586 William William NNP 7960 439 587 Shakespeare Shakespeare NNP 7960 439 588 Shakespeare Shakespeare NNP 7960 439 589 's 's POS 7960 439 590 Birthplace Birthplace NNP 7960 439 591 , , , 7960 439 592 Stratford Stratford NNP 7960 439 593 - - HYPH 7960 439 594 on on IN 7960 439 595 - - HYPH 7960 439 596 Avon Avon NNP 7960 439 597 Richard Richard NNP 7960 439 598 II II NNP 7960 439 599 Geographical Geographical NNP 7960 439 600 Monsters Monsters NNPS 7960 439 601 An an DT 7960 439 602 Astrolabe Astrolabe NNP 7960 439 603 Vasco Vasco NNP 7960 439 604 da da NNP 7960 439 605 Gama Gama NNP 7960 439 606 Christopher Christopher NNP 7960 439 607 Columbus Columbus NNP 7960 439 608 ( ( -LRB- 7960 439 609 Biblioteca Biblioteca NNP 7960 439 610 Nacional Nacional NNP 7960 439 611 , , , 7960 439 612 Madrid Madrid NNP 7960 439 613 ) ) -RRB- 7960 439 614 Isabella Isabella NNP 7960 439 615 Ship Ship NNP 7960 439 616 of of IN 7960 439 617 1492 1492 CD 7960 439 618 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 440 1 The the DT 7960 440 2 Name Name NNP 7960 440 3 " " `` 7960 440 4 America America NNP 7960 440 5 " " '' 7960 440 6 Ferdinand Ferdinand NNP 7960 440 7 Magellan Magellan NNP 7960 440 8 Aztec Aztec NNP 7960 440 9 Sacrificial Sacrificial NNP 7960 440 10 Knife Knife NNP 7960 440 11 Aztec Aztec NNP 7960 440 12 Sacrificial Sacrificial NNP 7960 440 13 Stone Stone NNP 7960 440 14 Cabot Cabot NNP 7960 440 15 Memorial Memorial NNP 7960 440 16 Tower Tower NNP 7960 440 17 John John NNP 7960 440 18 Wycliffe Wycliffe NNP 7960 440 19 Martin Martin NNP 7960 440 20 Luther Luther NNP 7960 440 21 Charles Charles NNP 7960 440 22 V V NNP 7960 440 23 John John NNP 7960 440 24 Calvin Calvin NNP 7960 440 25 Henry Henry NNP 7960 440 26 VIII VIII NNP 7960 440 27 Ruins Ruins NNPS 7960 440 28 of of IN 7960 440 29 Melrose Melrose NNP 7960 440 30 Abbey Abbey NNP 7960 440 31 Chained Chained NNP 7960 440 32 Bible Bible NNP 7960 440 33 St. St. NNP 7960 440 34 Ignatius Ignatius NNP 7960 440 35 Loyola Loyola NNP 7960 440 36 Philip Philip NNP 7960 440 37 II II NNP 7960 440 38 The the DT 7960 440 39 Escorial escorial JJ 7960 440 40 William William NNP 7960 440 41 the the DT 7960 440 42 Silent Silent NNP 7960 440 43 Elizabeth Elizabeth NNP 7960 440 44 Crown Crown NNP 7960 440 45 of of IN 7960 440 46 Elizabeth Elizabeth NNP 7960 440 47 's 's POS 7960 440 48 Reign Reign NNP 7960 440 49 London London NNP 7960 440 50 Bridge Bridge NNP 7960 440 51 in in IN 7960 440 52 the the DT 7960 440 53 Time Time NNP 7960 440 54 of of IN 7960 440 55 Elizabeth Elizabeth NNP 7960 440 56 The the DT 7960 440 57 Spanish Spanish NNP 7960 440 58 Armada Armada NNP 7960 440 59 in in IN 7960 440 60 the the DT 7960 440 61 English English NNP 7960 440 62 Channel Channel NNP 7960 440 63 Cardinal Cardinal NNP 7960 440 64 Richelieu Richelieu NNP 7960 440 65 ( ( -LRB- 7960 440 66 Louvre Louvre NNP 7960 440 67 , , , 7960 440 68 Paris Paris NNP 7960 440 69 . . . 7960 440 70 ) ) -RRB- 7960 441 1 Gustavus Gustavus NNP 7960 441 2 Adolphus Adolphus NNP 7960 441 3 Cardinal Cardinal NNP 7960 441 4 Mazarin Mazarin NNP 7960 441 5 Louis Louis NNP 7960 441 6 XIV XIV NNP 7960 441 7 Versailles Versailles NNP 7960 441 8 Medal Medal NNP 7960 441 9 of of IN 7960 441 10 Louis Louis NNP 7960 441 11 XIV XIV NNP 7960 441 12 Marlborough Marlborough NNP 7960 441 13 Gold Gold NNP 7960 441 14 Coin Coin NNP 7960 441 15 of of IN 7960 441 16 James James NNP 7960 441 17 I I NNP 7960 441 18 A a DT 7960 441 19 Puritan Puritan NNP 7960 441 20 Family Family NNP 7960 441 21 Charles Charles NNP 7960 441 22 I I NNP 7960 441 23 Execution Execution NNP 7960 441 24 of of IN 7960 441 25 the the DT 7960 441 26 Earl Earl NNP 7960 441 27 of of IN 7960 441 28 Strafford Strafford NNP 7960 441 29 Oliver Oliver NNP 7960 441 30 Cromwell Cromwell NNP 7960 441 31 Interior Interior NNP 7960 441 32 of of IN 7960 441 33 Westminster Westminster NNP 7960 441 34 Hall Hall NNP 7960 441 35 Great Great NNP 7960 441 36 Seal Seal NNP 7960 441 37 of of IN 7960 441 38 England England NNP 7960 441 39 under under IN 7960 441 40 the the DT 7960 441 41 Commonwealth Commonwealth NNP 7960 441 42 ( ( -LRB- 7960 441 43 Reduced reduce VBN 7960 441 44 ) ) -RRB- 7960 441 45 Boys boy NNS 7960 441 46 ' ' POS 7960 441 47 Sports Sports NNPS 7960 441 48 Silver Silver NNP 7960 441 49 Crown Crown NNP 7960 441 50 of of IN 7960 441 51 Charles Charles NNP 7960 441 52 II II NNP 7960 441 53 A a DT 7960 441 54 London London NNP 7960 441 55 Bellman Bellman NNP 7960 441 56 Coach Coach NNP 7960 441 57 and and CC 7960 441 58 Sedan Sedan NNP 7960 441 59 Chair Chair NNP 7960 441 60 Death Death NNP 7960 441 61 Mask Mask NNP 7960 441 62 of of IN 7960 441 63 Sir Sir NNP 7960 441 64 Isaac Isaac NNP 7960 441 65 Newton Newton NNP 7960 441 66 LIST LIST NNP 7960 441 67 OF of IN 7960 441 68 MAPS maps NN 7960 441 69 Distribution distribution NN 7960 441 70 of of IN 7960 441 71 Semitic semitic JJ 7960 441 72 and and CC 7960 441 73 Indo indo JJ 7960 441 74 - - HYPH 7960 441 75 European European NNP 7960 441 76 Peoples Peoples NNPS 7960 441 77 . . . 7960 442 1 Physical Physical NNP 7960 442 2 Map Map NNP 7960 442 3 of of IN 7960 442 4 Asia Asia NNP 7960 442 5 . . . 7960 443 1 Egyptian Egyptian NNP 7960 443 2 Empire Empire NNP 7960 443 3 ( ( -LRB- 7960 443 4 about about RB 7960 443 5 1450 1450 CD 7960 443 6 B.C. B.C. NNP 7960 443 7 ) ) -RRB- 7960 444 1 Canaan Canaan NNP 7960 444 2 as as IN 7960 444 3 divided divide VBN 7960 444 4 among among IN 7960 444 5 the the DT 7960 444 6 Tribes Tribes NNPS 7960 444 7 . . . 7960 445 1 Solomon Solomon NNP 7960 445 2 's 's POS 7960 445 3 Kingdom Kingdom NNP 7960 445 4 . . . 7960 446 1 Assyrian Assyrian NNP 7960 446 2 Empire Empire NNP 7960 446 3 ( ( -LRB- 7960 446 4 about about RB 7960 446 5 660 660 CD 7960 446 6 B.C. B.C. NNP 7960 446 7 ) ) -RRB- 7960 447 1 Lydia Lydia NNP 7960 447 2 , , , 7960 447 3 Media Media NNP 7960 447 4 , , , 7960 447 5 Babylonia Babylonia NNP 7960 447 6 , , , 7960 447 7 and and CC 7960 447 8 Egypt Egypt NNP 7960 447 9 ( ( -LRB- 7960 447 10 about about RB 7960 447 11 550 550 CD 7960 447 12 B.C. B.C. NNS 7960 447 13 ) ) -RRB- 7960 448 1 Persian Persian NNP 7960 448 2 Empire Empire NNP 7960 448 3 at at IN 7960 448 4 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 448 5 Greatest Greatest NNP 7960 448 6 Extent extent NN 7960 448 7 ( ( -LRB- 7960 448 8 about about RB 7960 448 9 500 500 CD 7960 448 10 B.C. B.C. NNP 7960 448 11 ) ) -RRB- 7960 449 1 Ancient Ancient NNP 7960 449 2 Trade Trade NNP 7960 449 3 Routes Routes NNPS 7960 449 4 Phœnician Phœnician NNP 7960 449 5 and and CC 7960 449 6 Greek Greek NNP 7960 449 7 Colonies Colonies NNPS 7960 449 8 . . . 7960 450 1 Physical Physical NNP 7960 450 2 Map Map NNP 7960 450 3 of of IN 7960 450 4 Europe Europe NNP 7960 450 5 . . . 7960 451 1 Ancient ancient JJ 7960 451 2 Greece Greece NNP 7960 451 3 and and CC 7960 451 4 the the DT 7960 451 5 Aegean Aegean NNP 7960 451 6 . . . 7960 452 1 Aegean Aegean NNP 7960 452 2 Civilization Civilization NNP 7960 452 3 . . . 7960 453 1 Greek Greek NNP 7960 453 2 Conquests Conquests NNPS 7960 453 3 and and CC 7960 453 4 Migrations Migrations NNPS 7960 453 5 . . . 7960 454 1 The the DT 7960 454 2 World World NNP 7960 454 3 according accord VBG 7960 454 4 to to IN 7960 454 5 Homer Homer NNP 7960 454 6 , , , 7960 454 7 900 900 CD 7960 454 8 B.C. B.C. NNP 7960 455 1 Greece Greece NNP 7960 455 2 at at IN 7960 455 3 the the DT 7960 455 4 Opening opening NN 7960 455 5 of of IN 7960 455 6 the the DT 7960 455 7 Persian Persian NNP 7960 455 8 Wars Wars NNPS 7960 455 9 , , , 7960 455 10 490 490 CD 7960 455 11 B.C. B.C. NNS 7960 456 1 Vicinity vicinity NN 7960 456 2 of of IN 7960 456 3 Athens Athens NNP 7960 456 4 . . . 7960 457 1 Greece Greece NNP 7960 457 2 at at IN 7960 457 3 the the DT 7960 457 4 Opening opening NN 7960 457 5 of of IN 7960 457 6 the the DT 7960 457 7 Peloponnesian Peloponnesian NNP 7960 457 8 War War NNP 7960 457 9 . . . 7960 458 1 Route Route NNP 7960 458 2 of of IN 7960 458 3 the the DT 7960 458 4 Ten ten CD 7960 458 5 Thousand thousand CD 7960 458 6 . . . 7960 459 1 Empire empire NN 7960 459 2 of of IN 7960 459 3 Alexander Alexander NNP 7960 459 4 the the DT 7960 459 5 Great Great NNP 7960 459 6 ( ( -LRB- 7960 459 7 about about RB 7960 459 8 323 323 CD 7960 459 9 B.C. B.C. NNP 7960 459 10 ) ) -RRB- 7960 460 1 Kingdoms kingdom NNS 7960 460 2 of of IN 7960 460 3 Alexander Alexander NNP 7960 460 4 's 's POS 7960 460 5 Successors Successors NNPS 7960 460 6 ( ( -LRB- 7960 460 7 about about RB 7960 460 8 200 200 CD 7960 460 9 B.C. B.C. NNP 7960 460 10 ) ) -RRB- 7960 461 1 The the DT 7960 461 2 World World NNP 7960 461 3 according accord VBG 7960 461 4 to to IN 7960 461 5 Eratosthenes Eratosthenes NNP 7960 461 6 , , , 7960 461 7 200 200 CD 7960 461 8 B.C. B.C. NNP 7960 462 1 The the DT 7960 462 2 World World NNP 7960 462 3 according accord VBG 7960 462 4 to to IN 7960 462 5 Ptolemy Ptolemy NNP 7960 462 6 , , , 7960 462 7 150 150 CD 7960 462 8 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 463 1 Ancient Ancient NNP 7960 463 2 Italy Italy NNP 7960 463 3 and and CC 7960 463 4 Sicily Sicily NNP 7960 463 5 . . . 7960 464 1 Vicinity Vicinity NNP 7960 464 2 of of IN 7960 464 3 Rome Rome NNP 7960 464 4 . . . 7960 465 1 Expansion expansion NN 7960 465 2 of of IN 7960 465 3 Roman Roman NNP 7960 465 4 Dominions Dominions NNPS 7960 465 5 in in IN 7960 465 6 Italy Italy NNP 7960 465 7 , , , 7960 465 8 509 509 CD 7960 465 9 - - HYPH 7960 465 10 264 264 CD 7960 465 11 B.C. B.C. NNP 7960 466 1 Colonies Colonies NNPS 7960 466 2 and and CC 7960 466 3 Military Military NNP 7960 466 4 Roads Roads NNPS 7960 466 5 in in IN 7960 466 6 Italy Italy NNP 7960 466 7 . . . 7960 467 1 Expansion expansion NN 7960 467 2 of of IN 7960 467 3 Roman Roman NNP 7960 467 4 Dominions Dominions NNPS 7960 467 5 , , , 7960 467 6 264 264 CD 7960 467 7 - - SYM 7960 467 8 133 133 CD 7960 467 9 B.C. B.C. NNP 7960 468 1 Expansion expansion NN 7960 468 2 of of IN 7960 468 3 Roman Roman NNP 7960 468 4 Dominions Dominions NNPS 7960 468 5 , , , 7960 468 6 133 133 CD 7960 468 7 - - SYM 7960 468 8 31 31 CD 7960 468 9 B.C. B.C. NNP 7960 469 1 Expansion expansion NN 7960 469 2 of of IN 7960 469 3 Roman Roman NNP 7960 469 4 Dominions Dominions NNPS 7960 469 5 , , , 7960 469 6 31 31 CD 7960 469 7 B.C.-180 b.c.-180 NN 7960 469 8 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 469 9 Plan plan NN 7960 469 10 of of IN 7960 469 11 Jerusalem Jerusalem NNP 7960 469 12 and and CC 7960 469 13 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 469 14 Environs environ NNS 7960 469 15 . . . 7960 470 1 Roman Roman NNP 7960 470 2 Britain Britain NNP 7960 470 3 . . . 7960 471 1 Roman Roman NNP 7960 471 2 Empire Empire NNP 7960 471 3 ( ( -LRB- 7960 471 4 about about RB 7960 471 5 395 395 CD 7960 471 6 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 471 7 ) ) -RRB- 7960 471 8 Palestine Palestine NNP 7960 471 9 . . . 7960 472 1 Growth growth NN 7960 472 2 of of IN 7960 472 3 Christianity Christianity NNP 7960 472 4 to to IN 7960 472 5 the the DT 7960 472 6 End end NN 7960 472 7 of of IN 7960 472 8 the the DT 7960 472 9 Fourth Fourth NNP 7960 472 10 Century Century NNP 7960 472 11 . . . 7960 473 1 Germanic Germanic NNP 7960 473 2 Migrations migration NNS 7960 473 3 to to IN 7960 473 4 476 476 CD 7960 473 5 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 473 6 Europe Europe NNP 7960 473 7 at at IN 7960 473 8 the the DT 7960 473 9 Deposition Deposition NNP 7960 473 10 of of IN 7960 473 11 Romulus Romulus NNP 7960 473 12 Augustulus Augustulus NNP 7960 473 13 , , , 7960 473 14 476 476 CD 7960 473 15 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 473 16 Plan Plan NNP 7960 473 17 of of IN 7960 473 18 the the DT 7960 473 19 Ulpian Ulpian NNP 7960 473 20 Basilica Basilica NNP 7960 473 21 Plan Plan NNP 7960 473 22 of of IN 7960 473 23 Ancient Ancient NNP 7960 473 24 Athens Athens NNP 7960 473 25 Plan Plan NNP 7960 473 26 of of IN 7960 473 27 the the DT 7960 473 28 Parthenon Parthenon NNP 7960 473 29 Plan Plan NNP 7960 473 30 of of IN 7960 473 31 Ancient Ancient NNP 7960 473 32 Rome Rome NNP 7960 473 33 Europe Europe NNP 7960 473 34 at at IN 7960 473 35 the the DT 7960 473 36 Death Death NNP 7960 473 37 of of IN 7960 473 38 Theodoric Theodoric NNP 7960 473 39 , , , 7960 473 40 526 526 CD 7960 473 41 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 473 42 Europe Europe NNP 7960 473 43 at at IN 7960 473 44 the the DT 7960 473 45 Death Death NNP 7960 473 46 of of IN 7960 473 47 Justinian Justinian NNP 7960 473 48 , , , 7960 473 49 565 565 CD 7960 473 50 A.D. a.d. NN 7960 473 51 Growth growth NN 7960 473 52 of of IN 7960 473 53 the the DT 7960 473 54 Frankish frankish JJ 7960 473 55 Dominions dominion NNS 7960 473 56 , , , 7960 473 57 481 481 CD 7960 473 58 - - SYM 7960 473 59 768 768 CD 7960 473 60 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 473 61 Europe Europe NNP 7960 473 62 in in IN 7960 473 63 the the DT 7960 473 64 Age Age NNP 7960 473 65 of of IN 7960 473 66 Charlemagne Charlemagne NNP 7960 473 67 , , , 7960 473 68 800 800 CD 7960 473 69 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 474 1 The the DT 7960 474 2 Frankish frankish JJ 7960 474 3 Dominions dominion NNS 7960 474 4 as as IN 7960 474 5 divided divide VBN 7960 474 6 by by IN 7960 474 7 the the DT 7960 474 8 Treaties Treaties NNPS 7960 474 9 of of IN 7960 474 10 Verdun Verdun NNP 7960 474 11 ( ( -LRB- 7960 474 12 843 843 CD 7960 474 13 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 474 14 ) ) -RRB- 7960 474 15 and and CC 7960 474 16 Mersen Mersen NNP 7960 474 17 ( ( -LRB- 7960 474 18 870 870 CD 7960 474 19 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 474 20 ) ) -RRB- 7960 474 21 Europe Europe NNP 7960 474 22 in in IN 7960 474 23 the the DT 7960 474 24 Age Age NNP 7960 474 25 of of IN 7960 474 26 Otto Otto NNP 7960 474 27 the the DT 7960 474 28 Great great JJ 7960 474 29 , , , 7960 474 30 972 972 CD 7960 474 31 A.D. a.d. NN 7960 474 32 Anglo Anglo NNP 7960 474 33 - - HYPH 7960 474 34 Saxon Saxon NNP 7960 474 35 Britain Britain NNP 7960 474 36 Peoples Peoples NNPS 7960 474 37 of of IN 7960 474 38 Europe Europe NNP 7960 474 39 at at IN 7960 474 40 the the DT 7960 474 41 Beginning beginning NN 7960 474 42 of of IN 7960 474 43 the the DT 7960 474 44 Tenth Tenth NNP 7960 474 45 Century Century NNP 7960 474 46 The the DT 7960 474 47 Roman Roman NNP 7960 474 48 Empire Empire NNP 7960 474 49 in in IN 7960 474 50 the the DT 7960 474 51 East East NNP 7960 474 52 during during IN 7960 474 53 the the DT 7960 474 54 Tenth Tenth NNP 7960 474 55 and and CC 7960 474 56 Eleventh Eleventh NNP 7960 474 57 Centuries Centuries NNPS 7960 474 58 Vicinity Vicinity NNP 7960 474 59 of of IN 7960 474 60 Constantinople Constantinople NNP 7960 474 61 Plan Plan NNP 7960 474 62 of of IN 7960 474 63 Constantinople Constantinople NNP 7960 474 64 Plan Plan NNP 7960 474 65 of of IN 7960 474 66 Kirkstall Kirkstall NNP 7960 474 67 Abbey Abbey NNP 7960 474 68 , , , 7960 474 69 Yorkshire Yorkshire NNP 7960 474 70 Growth Growth NNP 7960 474 71 of of IN 7960 474 72 Christianity Christianity NNP 7960 474 73 from from IN 7960 474 74 the the DT 7960 474 75 Fifth fifth NN 7960 474 76 to to IN 7960 474 77 the the DT 7960 474 78 Fifteenth Fifteenth NNP 7960 474 79 Century Century NNP 7960 474 80 Expansion Expansion NNP 7960 474 81 of of IN 7960 474 82 Islam Islam NNP 7960 474 83 Discoveries Discoveries NNPS 7960 474 84 of of IN 7960 474 85 the the DT 7960 474 86 Northmen Northmen NNP 7960 474 87 in in IN 7960 474 88 the the DT 7960 474 89 West West NNP 7960 474 90 England England NNP 7960 474 91 under under IN 7960 474 92 Alfred Alfred NNP 7960 474 93 the the DT 7960 474 94 Great Great NNP 7960 474 95 Dominions Dominions NNPS 7960 474 96 of of IN 7960 474 97 William William NNP 7960 474 98 the the DT 7960 474 99 Conqueror Conqueror NNP 7960 474 100 Plan Plan NNP 7960 474 101 of of IN 7960 474 102 Château Château NNP 7960 474 103 Gaillard Gaillard NNP 7960 474 104 Plan Plan NNP 7960 474 105 of of IN 7960 474 106 Hitchin Hitchin NNP 7960 474 107 Manor Manor NNP 7960 474 108 , , , 7960 474 109 Hertfordshire Hertfordshire NNP 7960 474 110 Germany Germany NNP 7960 474 111 and and CC 7960 474 112 Italy Italy NNP 7960 474 113 during during IN 7960 474 114 the the DT 7960 474 115 Interregnum Interregnum NNP 7960 474 116 , , , 7960 474 117 1254 1254 CD 7960 474 118 - - SYM 7960 474 119 1273 1273 CD 7960 474 120 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 474 121 Mediterranean Mediterranean NNP 7960 474 122 Lands Lands NNP 7960 474 123 after after IN 7960 474 124 the the DT 7960 474 125 Fourth Fourth NNP 7960 474 126 Crusade Crusade NNP 7960 474 127 , , , 7960 474 128 1202 1202 CD 7960 474 129 - - SYM 7960 474 130 1204 1204 CD 7960 474 131 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 475 1 The the DT 7960 475 2 Mongol Mongol NNP 7960 475 3 Empire Empire NNP 7960 475 4 Russia Russia NNP 7960 475 5 at at IN 7960 475 6 the the DT 7960 475 7 End end NN 7960 475 8 of of IN 7960 475 9 the the DT 7960 475 10 Middle Middle NNP 7960 475 11 Ages Ages NNP 7960 475 12 Empire Empire NNP 7960 475 13 of of IN 7960 475 14 the the DT 7960 475 15 Ottoman Ottoman NNP 7960 475 16 Turks Turks NNPS 7960 475 17 at at IN 7960 475 18 the the DT 7960 475 19 Fall Fall NNP 7960 475 20 of of IN 7960 475 21 Constantinople Constantinople NNP 7960 475 22 , , , 7960 475 23 1453 1453 CD 7960 475 24 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 475 25 Dominions Dominions NNPS 7960 475 26 of of IN 7960 475 27 the the DT 7960 475 28 Plantagenets Plantagenets NNPS 7960 475 29 in in IN 7960 475 30 England England NNP 7960 475 31 and and CC 7960 475 32 France France NNP 7960 475 33 Scotland Scotland NNP 7960 475 34 in in IN 7960 475 35 the the DT 7960 475 36 Thirteenth Thirteenth NNP 7960 475 37 Century Century NNP 7960 475 38 Unification Unification NNP 7960 475 39 of of IN 7960 475 40 France France NNP 7960 475 41 during during IN 7960 475 42 the the DT 7960 475 43 Middle Middle NNP 7960 475 44 Ages Ages NNP 7960 475 45 Unification Unification NNP 7960 475 46 of of IN 7960 475 47 Spain Spain NNP 7960 475 48 during during IN 7960 475 49 the the DT 7960 475 50 Middle Middle NNP 7960 475 51 Ages Ages NNP 7960 475 52 Growth Growth NNP 7960 475 53 of of IN 7960 475 54 the the DT 7960 475 55 Hapsburg Hapsburg NNP 7960 475 56 Possessions Possessions NNP 7960 475 57 The the DT 7960 475 58 Swiss Swiss NNP 7960 475 59 Confederation Confederation NNP 7960 475 60 , , , 7960 475 61 1291 1291 CD 7960 475 62 - - SYM 7960 475 63 1513 1513 CD 7960 475 64 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 475 65 German german JJ 7960 475 66 Expansion expansion NN 7960 475 67 Eastward eastward RB 7960 475 68 during during IN 7960 475 69 the the DT 7960 475 70 Middle Middle NNP 7960 475 71 Ages Ages NNPS 7960 475 72 Trade Trade NNP 7960 475 73 Routes Routes NNPS 7960 475 74 between between IN 7960 475 75 Northern Northern NNP 7960 475 76 and and CC 7960 475 77 Southern Southern NNP 7960 475 78 Europe Europe NNP 7960 475 79 in in IN 7960 475 80 the the DT 7960 475 81 Thirteenth Thirteenth NNP 7960 475 82 and and CC 7960 475 83 Fourteenth Fourteenth NNP 7960 475 84 Centuries Centuries NNPS 7960 475 85 Medieval Medieval NNP 7960 475 86 Trade Trade NNP 7960 475 87 Routes Routes NNPS 7960 475 88 Plan Plan NNP 7960 475 89 of of IN 7960 475 90 Salisbury Salisbury NNP 7960 475 91 Cathedral Cathedral NNP 7960 475 92 , , , 7960 475 93 England England NNP 7960 475 94 The the DT 7960 475 95 World World NNP 7960 475 96 according accord VBG 7960 475 97 to to IN 7960 475 98 Cosmas Cosmas NNP 7960 475 99 Indicopleustes Indicopleustes NNPS 7960 475 100 , , , 7960 475 101 535 535 CD 7960 475 102 A.D. a.d. NN 7960 476 1 The the DT 7960 476 2 Hereford Hereford NNP 7960 476 3 Map Map NNP 7960 476 4 , , , 7960 476 5 1280 1280 CD 7960 476 6 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 476 7 Behaim Behaim NNP 7960 476 8 's 's POS 7960 476 9 Globe Globe NNP 7960 476 10 Portuguese Portuguese NNP 7960 476 11 and and CC 7960 476 12 Spanish spanish JJ 7960 476 13 Colonial Colonial NNP 7960 476 14 Empires empire VBZ 7960 476 15 in in IN 7960 476 16 the the DT 7960 476 17 Sixteenth Sixteenth NNP 7960 476 18 Century Century NNP 7960 476 19 The the DT 7960 476 20 West West NNP 7960 476 21 Indies Indies NNP 7960 476 22 An an DT 7960 476 23 Early early JJ 7960 476 24 Map Map NNP 7960 476 25 of of IN 7960 476 26 the the DT 7960 476 27 New New NNP 7960 476 28 World World NNP 7960 476 29 ( ( -LRB- 7960 476 30 1540 1540 CD 7960 476 31 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 476 32 ) ) -RRB- 7960 476 33 The the DT 7960 476 34 Great Great NNP 7960 476 35 Schism Schism NNP 7960 476 36 , , , 7960 476 37 1378 1378 CD 7960 476 38 - - SYM 7960 476 39 1417 1417 CD 7960 476 40 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 476 41 Europe Europe NNP 7960 476 42 at at IN 7960 476 43 the the DT 7960 476 44 Beginning beginning NN 7960 476 45 of of IN 7960 476 46 the the DT 7960 476 47 Reformation Reformation NNP 7960 476 48 , , , 7960 476 49 1519 1519 CD 7960 476 50 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 477 1 Extent extent NN 7960 477 2 of of IN 7960 477 3 the the DT 7960 477 4 Reformation Reformation NNP 7960 477 5 , , , 7960 477 6 1524 1524 CD 7960 477 7 - - SYM 7960 477 8 1572 1572 CD 7960 477 9 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 478 1 The the DT 7960 478 2 Netherlands Netherlands NNP 7960 478 3 in in IN 7960 478 4 the the DT 7960 478 5 Sixteenth Sixteenth NNP 7960 478 6 Century Century NNP 7960 478 7 Western Western NNP 7960 478 8 Europe Europe NNP 7960 478 9 in in IN 7960 478 10 the the DT 7960 478 11 Time Time NNP 7960 478 12 of of IN 7960 478 13 Elizabeth Elizabeth NNP 7960 478 14 Europe Europe NNP 7960 478 15 at at IN 7960 478 16 the the DT 7960 478 17 End end NN 7960 478 18 of of IN 7960 478 19 the the DT 7960 478 20 Thirty Thirty NNP 7960 478 21 Years Years NNPS 7960 478 22 ' ' POS 7960 478 23 War War NNP 7960 478 24 , , , 7960 478 25 1648 1648 CD 7960 478 26 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 478 27 Acquisitions Acquisitions NNPS 7960 478 28 of of IN 7960 478 29 Louis Louis NNP 7960 478 30 XIV XIV NNP 7960 478 31 and and CC 7960 478 32 Louis Louis NNP 7960 478 33 XV XV NNP 7960 478 34 Europe Europe NNP 7960 478 35 after after IN 7960 478 36 the the DT 7960 478 37 Peace Peace NNP 7960 478 38 of of IN 7960 478 39 Utrecht Utrecht NNP 7960 478 40 , , , 7960 478 41 1713 1713 CD 7960 478 42 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 478 43 England England NNP 7960 478 44 and and CC 7960 478 45 Wales Wales NNP 7960 478 46 -- -- : 7960 478 47 The the DT 7960 478 48 Civil civil JJ 7960 478 49 Wars Wars NNPS 7960 478 50 of of IN 7960 478 51 the the DT 7960 478 52 Seventeenth Seventeenth NNP 7960 478 53 Century Century NNP 7960 478 54 Ireland Ireland NNP 7960 478 55 in in IN 7960 478 56 the the DT 7960 478 57 Sixteenth Sixteenth NNP 7960 478 58 Century Century NNP 7960 478 59 LIST LIST NNP 7960 478 60 OF of IN 7960 478 61 PLATES plate NNS 7960 478 62 Ancient Ancient NNP 7960 478 63 and and CC 7960 478 64 Medieval Medieval NNP 7960 478 65 Gems Gems NNPS 7960 478 66 Stonehenge Stonehenge NNP 7960 478 67 The the DT 7960 478 68 Rosetta Rosetta NNP 7960 478 69 Stone Stone NNP 7960 478 70 ( ( -LRB- 7960 478 71 British British NNP 7960 478 72 Museum Museum NNP 7960 478 73 , , , 7960 478 74 London London NNP 7960 478 75 ) ) -RRB- 7960 478 76 The the DT 7960 478 77 Vaphio Vaphio NNP 7960 478 78 Gold Gold NNP 7960 478 79 Cups Cups NNP 7960 478 80 ( ( -LRB- 7960 478 81 National National NNP 7960 478 82 Museum Museum NNP 7960 478 83 , , , 7960 478 84 Athens Athens NNP 7960 478 85 ) ) -RRB- 7960 478 86 Greek Greek NNP 7960 478 87 Gods Gods NNPS 7960 478 88 and and CC 7960 478 89 Goddesses Goddesses NNPS 7960 478 90 : : : 7960 478 91 Zeus Zeus NNP 7960 478 92 , , , 7960 478 93 Hera Hera NNP 7960 478 94 , , , 7960 478 95 Apollo Apollo NNP 7960 478 96 , , , 7960 478 97 Aphrodite Aphrodite NNP 7960 478 98 Aphrodite Aphrodite NNP 7960 478 99 of of IN 7960 478 100 Melos Melos NNP 7960 478 101 ( ( -LRB- 7960 478 102 Louvre Louvre NNP 7960 478 103 , , , 7960 478 104 Paris Paris NNP 7960 478 105 ) ) -RRB- 7960 478 106 Hermes Hermes NNP 7960 478 107 and and CC 7960 478 108 Dionysus Dionysus NNP 7960 478 109 ( ( -LRB- 7960 478 110 Museum Museum NNP 7960 478 111 of of IN 7960 478 112 Olympia Olympia NNP 7960 478 113 ) ) -RRB- 7960 478 114 Sarcophagus Sarcophagus NNP 7960 478 115 from from IN 7960 478 116 Sidon Sidon NNP 7960 478 117 ( ( -LRB- 7960 478 118 Imperial Imperial NNP 7960 478 119 Ottoman Ottoman NNP 7960 478 120 Museum Museum NNP 7960 478 121 , , , 7960 478 122 Constantinople Constantinople NNP 7960 478 123 ) ) -RRB- 7960 478 124 Laocoön Laocoön NNP 7960 478 125 and and CC 7960 478 126 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 478 127 Children Children NNP 7960 478 128 ( ( -LRB- 7960 478 129 Vatican Vatican NNP 7960 478 130 Museum Museum NNP 7960 478 131 , , , 7960 478 132 Rome Rome NNP 7960 478 133 ) ) -RRB- 7960 478 134 Victory victory NN 7960 478 135 of of IN 7960 478 136 Samothrace Samothrace NNP 7960 478 137 ( ( -LRB- 7960 478 138 Louvre Louvre NNP 7960 478 139 , , , 7960 478 140 Paris Paris NNP 7960 478 141 ) ) -RRB- 7960 478 142 Oriental oriental JJ 7960 478 143 , , , 7960 478 144 Greek greek JJ 7960 478 145 , , , 7960 478 146 and and CC 7960 478 147 Roman roman JJ 7960 478 148 Coins coin NNS 7960 478 149 A a DT 7960 478 150 Scene Scene NNP 7960 478 151 in in IN 7960 478 152 Sicily Sicily NNP 7960 478 153 Bay Bay NNP 7960 478 154 of of IN 7960 478 155 Naples Naples NNP 7960 478 156 and and CC 7960 478 157 Vesuvius Vesuvius NNP 7960 478 158 Relief Relief NNP 7960 478 159 on on IN 7960 478 160 the the DT 7960 478 161 Arch Arch NNP 7960 478 162 of of IN 7960 478 163 Titus Titus NNP 7960 478 164 The the DT 7960 478 165 Parthenon Parthenon NNP 7960 478 166 Views Views NNPS 7960 478 167 of of IN 7960 478 168 Pediment Pediment NNP 7960 478 169 and and CC 7960 478 170 Frieze Frieze NNP 7960 478 171 of of IN 7960 478 172 Parthenon Parthenon NNP 7960 478 173 Acropolis Acropolis NNP 7960 478 174 of of IN 7960 478 175 Athens Athens NNP 7960 478 176 ( ( -LRB- 7960 478 177 Restoration Restoration NNP 7960 478 178 ) ) -RRB- 7960 478 179 Acropolis Acropolis NNP 7960 478 180 of of IN 7960 478 181 Athens Athens NNP 7960 478 182 from from IN 7960 478 183 the the DT 7960 478 184 Southwest Southwest NNP 7960 478 185 Roman Roman NNP 7960 478 186 Forum Forum NNP 7960 478 187 and and CC 7960 478 188 Surrounding Surrounding NNP 7960 478 189 Buildings Buildings NNPS 7960 478 190 ( ( -LRB- 7960 478 191 Restored Restored NNP 7960 478 192 ) ) -RRB- 7960 478 193 Roman Roman NNP 7960 478 194 Forum Forum NNP 7960 478 195 at at IN 7960 478 196 the the DT 7960 478 197 Present Present NNP 7960 478 198 Time Time NNP 7960 478 199 Sancta Sancta NNP 7960 478 200 Sophia Sophia NNP 7960 478 201 , , , 7960 478 202 Constantinople Constantinople NNP 7960 478 203 Fountain Fountain NNP 7960 478 204 of of IN 7960 478 205 Lions Lions NNPS 7960 478 206 in in IN 7960 478 207 the the DT 7960 478 208 Alhambra Alhambra NNP 7960 478 209 The the DT 7960 478 210 Taj Taj NNP 7960 478 211 Mahal Mahal NNP 7960 478 212 , , , 7960 478 213 Agra Agra NNPS 7960 478 214 Campanile Campanile NNP 7960 478 215 and and CC 7960 478 216 Doge Doge NNP 7960 478 217 's 's POS 7960 478 218 Palace Palace NNP 7960 478 219 , , , 7960 478 220 Venice Venice NNP 7960 478 221 Illuminated Illuminated NNP 7960 478 222 Manuscript Manuscript NNP 7960 478 223 Reims Reims NNP 7960 478 224 Cathedral Cathedral NNP 7960 478 225 Cologne Cologne NNP 7960 478 226 Cathedral Cathedral NNP 7960 478 227 Interior Interior NNP 7960 478 228 of of IN 7960 478 229 King King NNP 7960 478 230 's 's POS 7960 478 231 College College NNP 7960 478 232 Chapel Chapel NNP 7960 478 233 , , , 7960 478 234 Cambridge Cambridge NNP 7960 478 235 Ghiberti Ghiberti NNP 7960 478 236 's 's POS 7960 478 237 Bronze Bronze NNP 7960 478 238 Doors door NNS 7960 478 239 at at IN 7960 478 240 Florence Florence NNP 7960 478 241 St. St. NNP 7960 478 242 Peter Peter NNP 7960 478 243 's 's POS 7960 478 244 , , , 7960 478 245 Rome Rome NNP 7960 478 246 Italian italian JJ 7960 478 247 Paintings Paintings NNPS 7960 478 248 of of IN 7960 478 249 the the DT 7960 478 250 Renaissance Renaissance NNP 7960 478 251 Flemish Flemish NNP 7960 478 252 , , , 7960 478 253 Spanish spanish JJ 7960 478 254 , , , 7960 478 255 and and CC 7960 478 256 Dutch Dutch NNP 7960 478 257 Paintings Paintings NNPS 7960 478 258 of of IN 7960 478 259 the the DT 7960 478 260 Renaissance Renaissance NNP 7960 478 261 SUGGESTIONS SUGGESTIONS NNP 7960 478 262 FOR for IN 7960 478 263 FURTHER further JJ 7960 478 264 STUDY STUDY NNP 7960 478 265 PERIODICALS periodical NNS 7960 478 266 All all DT 7960 478 267 serious serious JJ 7960 478 268 students student NNS 7960 478 269 of of IN 7960 478 270 history history NN 7960 478 271 should should MD 7960 478 272 have have VB 7960 478 273 access access NN 7960 478 274 to to IN 7960 478 275 the the DT 7960 478 276 _ _ NNP 7960 478 277 American American NNP 7960 478 278 Historical Historical NNP 7960 478 279 Review Review NNP 7960 478 280 _ _ NNP 7960 478 281 ( ( -LRB- 7960 478 282 N. N. NNP 7960 478 283 Y. Y. NNP 7960 478 284 , , , 7960 478 285 1895 1895 CD 7960 478 286 to to IN 7960 478 287 date date NN 7960 478 288 , , , 7960 478 289 quarterly quarterly RB 7960 478 290 , , , 7960 478 291 $ $ $ 7960 478 292 4.00 4.00 CD 7960 478 293 a a DT 7960 478 294 year year NN 7960 478 295 ) ) -RRB- 7960 478 296 . . . 7960 479 1 This this DT 7960 479 2 journal journal NN 7960 479 3 , , , 7960 479 4 the the DT 7960 479 5 organ organ NN 7960 479 6 of of IN 7960 479 7 the the DT 7960 479 8 American American NNP 7960 479 9 Historical Historical NNP 7960 479 10 Association Association NNP 7960 479 11 , , , 7960 479 12 contains contain VBZ 7960 479 13 articles article NNS 7960 479 14 by by IN 7960 479 15 scholars scholar NNS 7960 479 16 , , , 7960 479 17 critical critical JJ 7960 479 18 reviews review NNS 7960 479 19 of of IN 7960 479 20 all all DT 7960 479 21 important important JJ 7960 479 22 works work NNS 7960 479 23 , , , 7960 479 24 and and CC 7960 479 25 notes note NNS 7960 479 26 and and CC 7960 479 27 news news NN 7960 479 28 . . . 7960 480 1 The the DT 7960 480 2 _ _ NNP 7960 480 3 History History NNP 7960 480 4 Teacher Teacher NNP 7960 480 5 's 's POS 7960 480 6 Magazine Magazine NNP 7960 480 7 _ _ NNP 7960 480 8 is be VBZ 7960 480 9 edited edit VBN 7960 480 10 under under IN 7960 480 11 the the DT 7960 480 12 supervision supervision NN 7960 480 13 of of IN 7960 480 14 a a DT 7960 480 15 committee committee NN 7960 480 16 of of IN 7960 480 17 the the DT 7960 480 18 American American NNP 7960 480 19 Historical Historical NNP 7960 480 20 Association Association NNP 7960 480 21 ( ( -LRB- 7960 480 22 Philadelphia Philadelphia NNP 7960 480 23 , , , 7960 480 24 1909 1909 CD 7960 480 25 to to IN 7960 480 26 date date NN 7960 480 27 , , , 7960 480 28 monthly monthly JJ 7960 480 29 , , , 7960 480 30 $ $ $ 7960 480 31 2.00 2.00 CD 7960 480 32 a a DT 7960 480 33 year year NN 7960 480 34 ) ) -RRB- 7960 480 35 . . . 7960 481 1 Every every DT 7960 481 2 well well RB 7960 481 3 - - HYPH 7960 481 4 equipped equip VBN 7960 481 5 school school NN 7960 481 6 library library NN 7960 481 7 should should MD 7960 481 8 contain contain VB 7960 481 9 the the DT 7960 481 10 files file NNS 7960 481 11 of of IN 7960 481 12 the the DT 7960 481 13 _ _ NNP 7960 481 14 National National NNP 7960 481 15 Geographic Geographic NNP 7960 481 16 Magazine Magazine NNP 7960 481 17 _ _ NNP 7960 481 18 ( ( -LRB- 7960 481 19 Washington Washington NNP 7960 481 20 , , , 7960 481 21 1890 1890 CD 7960 481 22 to to IN 7960 481 23 date date NN 7960 481 24 , , , 7960 481 25 monthly monthly JJ 7960 481 26 , , , 7960 481 27 $ $ $ 7960 481 28 2.00 2.00 CD 7960 481 29 a a DT 7960 481 30 year year NN 7960 481 31 ) ) -RRB- 7960 481 32 and and CC 7960 481 33 of of IN 7960 481 34 _ _ NNP 7960 481 35 Art Art NNP 7960 481 36 and and CC 7960 481 37 Archeology Archeology NNP 7960 481 38 _ _ NNP 7960 481 39 ( ( -LRB- 7960 481 40 Washington Washington NNP 7960 481 41 , , , 7960 481 42 1914 1914 CD 7960 481 43 to to IN 7960 481 44 date date NN 7960 481 45 , , , 7960 481 46 monthly monthly JJ 7960 481 47 , , , 7960 481 48 $ $ $ 7960 481 49 3.00 3.00 CD 7960 481 50 a a DT 7960 481 51 year year NN 7960 481 52 ) ) -RRB- 7960 481 53 . . . 7960 482 1 These these DT 7960 482 2 two two CD 7960 482 3 periodicals periodical NNS 7960 482 4 make make VBP 7960 482 5 a a DT 7960 482 6 special special JJ 7960 482 7 feature feature NN 7960 482 8 of of IN 7960 482 9 illustrations illustration NNS 7960 482 10 . . . 7960 483 1 WORKS work VBD 7960 483 2 ON on IN 7960 483 3 THE the DT 7960 483 4 STUDY STUDY NNP 7960 483 5 AND and CC 7960 483 6 TEACHING teaching NN 7960 483 7 OF of IN 7960 483 8 HISTORY history NN 7960 483 9 Useful useful JJ 7960 483 10 books book NNS 7960 483 11 for for IN 7960 483 12 the the DT 7960 483 13 teacher teacher NN 7960 483 14 's 's POS 7960 483 15 library library NN 7960 483 16 include include VBP 7960 483 17 H. H. NNP 7960 483 18 E. E. NNP 7960 483 19 Bourne Bourne NNP 7960 483 20 , , , 7960 483 21 _ _ NNP 7960 483 22 The the DT 7960 483 23 Teaching Teaching NNP 7960 483 24 of of IN 7960 483 25 History History NNP 7960 483 26 and and CC 7960 483 27 Civics Civics NNPS 7960 483 28 in in IN 7960 483 29 the the DT 7960 483 30 Elementary Elementary NNP 7960 483 31 and and CC 7960 483 32 the the DT 7960 483 33 Secondary Secondary NNP 7960 483 34 School School NNP 7960 483 35 _ _ NNP 7960 483 36 ( ( -LRB- 7960 483 37 N. N. NNP 7960 483 38 Y. Y. NNP 7960 483 39 , , , 7960 483 40 1902 1902 CD 7960 483 41 , , , 7960 483 42 Longmans Longmans NNPS 7960 483 43 , , , 7960 483 44 Green Green NNP 7960 483 45 , , , 7960 483 46 and and CC 7960 483 47 Co. Co. NNP 7960 483 48 , , , 7960 483 49 $ $ $ 7960 483 50 1.50 1.50 CD 7960 483 51 ) ) -RRB- 7960 483 52 , , , 7960 483 53 Henry Henry NNP 7960 483 54 Johnson Johnson NNP 7960 483 55 , , , 7960 483 56 _ _ NNP 7960 483 57 The the DT 7960 483 58 Teaching Teaching NNP 7960 483 59 of of IN 7960 483 60 History History NNP 7960 483 61 _ _ NNP 7960 483 62 ( ( -LRB- 7960 483 63 N. N. NNP 7960 483 64 Y. Y. NNP 7960 483 65 , , , 7960 483 66 1915 1915 CD 7960 483 67 , , , 7960 483 68 Macmillan Macmillan NNP 7960 483 69 , , , 7960 483 70 $ $ $ 7960 483 71 1.40 1.40 CD 7960 483 72 ) ) -RRB- 7960 483 73 , , , 7960 483 74 H. H. NNP 7960 483 75 B. B. NNP 7960 483 76 George George NNP 7960 483 77 , , , 7960 483 78 _ _ NNP 7960 483 79 Historical Historical NNP 7960 483 80 Evidence Evidence NNP 7960 483 81 _ _ NNP 7960 483 82 ( ( -LRB- 7960 483 83 N.Y. New York NNP 7960 483 84 , , , 7960 483 85 1909 1909 CD 7960 483 86 , , , 7960 483 87 Oxford Oxford NNP 7960 483 88 University University NNP 7960 483 89 Press Press NNP 7960 483 90 , , , 7960 483 91 American American NNP 7960 483 92 Branch Branch NNP 7960 483 93 , , , 7960 483 94 75 75 CD 7960 483 95 cents cent NNS 7960 483 96 ) ) -RRB- 7960 483 97 , , , 7960 483 98 Frederic Frederic NNP 7960 483 99 Harrison Harrison NNP 7960 483 100 , , , 7960 483 101 _ _ NNP 7960 483 102 The the DT 7960 483 103 Meaning Meaning NNP 7960 483 104 of of IN 7960 483 105 History History NNP 7960 483 106 and and CC 7960 483 107 Other Other NNP 7960 483 108 Historical historical JJ 7960 483 109 Pieces Pieces NNPS 7960 483 110 _ _ NNP 7960 483 111 ( ( -LRB- 7960 483 112 New New NNP 7960 483 113 ed ed NNP 7960 483 114 . . NNP 7960 483 115 , , , 7960 483 116 N.Y. New York NNP 7960 483 117 , , , 7960 483 118 1900 1900 CD 7960 483 119 , , , 7960 483 120 Macmillan Macmillan NNP 7960 483 121 , , , 7960 483 122 $ $ $ 7960 483 123 1.75 1.75 CD 7960 483 124 ) ) -RRB- 7960 483 125 , , , 7960 483 126 J. J. NNP 7960 483 127 H. H. NNP 7960 483 128 Robinson Robinson NNP 7960 483 129 , , , 7960 483 130 _ _ NNP 7960 483 131 The the DT 7960 483 132 New New NNP 7960 483 133 History History NNP 7960 483 134 _ _ NNP 7960 483 135 ( ( -LRB- 7960 483 136 N. N. NNP 7960 483 137 Y. Y. NNP 7960 483 138 , , , 7960 483 139 1912 1912 CD 7960 483 140 , , , 7960 483 141 Macmillan Macmillan NNP 7960 483 142 , , , 7960 483 143 $ $ $ 7960 483 144 1.50 1.50 CD 7960 483 145 ) ) -RRB- 7960 483 146 , , , 7960 483 147 and and CC 7960 483 148 H. H. NNP 7960 483 149 B. B. NNP 7960 483 150 George George NNP 7960 483 151 , , , 7960 483 152 _ _ NNP 7960 483 153 The the DT 7960 483 154 Relations Relations NNPS 7960 483 155 of of IN 7960 483 156 History History NNP 7960 483 157 and and CC 7960 483 158 Geography Geography NNP 7960 483 159 _ _ NNP 7960 483 160 ( ( -LRB- 7960 483 161 4th 4th NNP 7960 483 162 ed ed NNP 7960 483 163 . . NNP 7960 483 164 , , , 7960 483 165 N. N. NNP 7960 483 166 Y. Y. NNP 7960 483 167 , , , 7960 483 168 1910 1910 CD 7960 483 169 , , , 7960 483 170 Oxford Oxford NNP 7960 483 171 University University NNP 7960 483 172 Press Press NNP 7960 483 173 , , , 7960 483 174 American American NNP 7960 483 175 Branch Branch NNP 7960 483 176 , , , 7960 483 177 $ $ $ 7960 483 178 1.10 1.10 CD 7960 483 179 ) ) -RRB- 7960 483 180 . . . 7960 484 1 The the DT 7960 484 2 following follow VBG 7960 484 3 reports report NNS 7960 484 4 are be VBP 7960 484 5 indispensable indispensable JJ 7960 484 6 : : : 7960 484 7 _ _ NNP 7960 484 8 The the DT 7960 484 9 Study Study NNP 7960 484 10 of of IN 7960 484 11 History History NNP 7960 484 12 in in IN 7960 484 13 Schools Schools NNP 7960 484 14 _ _ NNP 7960 484 15 . . . 7960 485 1 Report report VB 7960 485 2 to to IN 7960 485 3 the the DT 7960 485 4 American American NNP 7960 485 5 Historical Historical NNP 7960 485 6 Association Association NNP 7960 485 7 by by IN 7960 485 8 the the DT 7960 485 9 Committee Committee NNP 7960 485 10 of of IN 7960 485 11 Seven Seven NNP 7960 485 12 ( ( -LRB- 7960 485 13 N. N. NNP 7960 485 14 Y. Y. NNP 7960 485 15 , , , 7960 485 16 1899 1899 CD 7960 485 17 , , , 7960 485 18 Macmillan Macmillan NNP 7960 485 19 , , , 7960 485 20 50 50 CD 7960 485 21 cents cent NNS 7960 485 22 ) ) -RRB- 7960 485 23 . . . 7960 486 1 _ _ NNP 7960 486 2 The the DT 7960 486 3 Study Study NNP 7960 486 4 of of IN 7960 486 5 History History NNP 7960 486 6 in in IN 7960 486 7 Secondary Secondary NNP 7960 486 8 Schools Schools NNPS 7960 486 9 _ _ NNP 7960 486 10 . . . 7960 487 1 Report report VB 7960 487 2 to to IN 7960 487 3 the the DT 7960 487 4 American American NNP 7960 487 5 Historical Historical NNP 7960 487 6 Association Association NNP 7960 487 7 by by IN 7960 487 8 a a DT 7960 487 9 Committee Committee NNP 7960 487 10 of of IN 7960 487 11 Five five CD 7960 487 12 ( ( -LRB- 7960 487 13 N. N. NNP 7960 487 14 Y. Y. NNP 7960 487 15 , , , 7960 487 16 1911 1911 CD 7960 487 17 , , , 7960 487 18 Macmillan Macmillan NNP 7960 487 19 , , , 7960 487 20 25 25 CD 7960 487 21 cents cent NNS 7960 487 22 ) ) -RRB- 7960 487 23 . . . 7960 488 1 _ _ NNP 7960 488 2 Historical Historical NNP 7960 488 3 Sources Sources NNPS 7960 488 4 in in IN 7960 488 5 Schools Schools NNP 7960 488 6 . . . 7960 488 7 _ _ NNP 7960 488 8 Report Report NNP 7960 488 9 to to IN 7960 488 10 the the DT 7960 488 11 New New NNP 7960 488 12 England England NNP 7960 488 13 History History NNP 7960 488 14 Teachers Teachers NNPS 7960 488 15 ' ' POS 7960 488 16 Association Association NNP 7960 488 17 by by IN 7960 488 18 a a DT 7960 488 19 Select Select NNP 7960 488 20 Committee Committee NNP 7960 488 21 ( ( -LRB- 7960 488 22 N. N. NNP 7960 488 23 Y. Y. NNP 7960 488 24 , , , 7960 488 25 1902 1902 CD 7960 488 26 , , , 7960 488 27 Macmillan Macmillan NNP 7960 488 28 , , , 7960 488 29 out out IN 7960 488 30 of of IN 7960 488 31 print print NN 7960 488 32 ) ) -RRB- 7960 488 33 . . . 7960 489 1 _ _ NNP 7960 489 2 A a DT 7960 489 3 History history NN 7960 489 4 Syllabus Syllabus NNP 7960 489 5 for for IN 7960 489 6 Secondary Secondary NNP 7960 489 7 Schools Schools NNPS 7960 489 8 _ _ NNP 7960 489 9 . . . 7960 490 1 Report report NN 7960 490 2 by by IN 7960 490 3 a a DT 7960 490 4 Special Special NNP 7960 490 5 Committee Committee NNP 7960 490 6 of of IN 7960 490 7 the the DT 7960 490 8 New New NNP 7960 490 9 England England NNP 7960 490 10 History History NNP 7960 490 11 Teachers Teachers NNPS 7960 490 12 ' ' POS 7960 490 13 Association Association NNP 7960 490 14 ( ( -LRB- 7960 490 15 N. N. NNP 7960 490 16 Y. Y. NNP 7960 490 17 , , , 7960 490 18 1904 1904 CD 7960 490 19 , , , 7960 490 20 Heath Heath NNP 7960 490 21 , , , 7960 490 22 $ $ $ 7960 490 23 1.32 1.32 CD 7960 490 24 ) ) -RRB- 7960 490 25 . . . 7960 491 1 _ _ NNP 7960 491 2 A a DT 7960 491 3 Bibliography Bibliography NNP 7960 491 4 of of IN 7960 491 5 History history NN 7960 491 6 for for IN 7960 491 7 Schools Schools NNPS 7960 491 8 and and CC 7960 491 9 Libraries Libraries NNPS 7960 491 10 . . . 7960 491 11 _ _ NNP 7960 491 12 Published publish VBN 7960 491 13 under under IN 7960 491 14 the the DT 7960 491 15 auspices auspex NNS 7960 491 16 of of IN 7960 491 17 the the DT 7960 491 18 Association Association NNP 7960 491 19 of of IN 7960 491 20 History History NNP 7960 491 21 Teachers Teachers NNPS 7960 491 22 of of IN 7960 491 23 the the DT 7960 491 24 Middle Middle NNP 7960 491 25 States States NNP 7960 491 26 and and CC 7960 491 27 Maryland Maryland NNP 7960 491 28 ( ( -LRB- 7960 491 29 2d 2d NNP 7960 491 30 ed ed NNP 7960 491 31 . . NNP 7960 491 32 , , , 7960 491 33 N. N. NNP 7960 491 34 Y. Y. NNP 7960 491 35 , , , 7960 491 36 1915 1915 CD 7960 491 37 , , , 7960 491 38 Longmans Longmans NNPS 7960 491 39 , , , 7960 491 40 Green Green NNP 7960 491 41 , , , 7960 491 42 and and CC 7960 491 43 Co. Co. NNP 7960 491 44 , , , 7960 491 45 60 60 CD 7960 491 46 cents cent NNS 7960 491 47 ) ) -RRB- 7960 491 48 . . . 7960 492 1 DICTIONARIES dictionary NNS 7960 492 2 AND and CC 7960 492 3 ENCYCLOPEDIAS encyclopedias NN 7960 492 4 The the DT 7960 492 5 most most RBS 7960 492 6 useful useful JJ 7960 492 7 dictionaries dictionary NNS 7960 492 8 of of IN 7960 492 9 classical classical JJ 7960 492 10 antiquities antiquity NNS 7960 492 11 are be VBP 7960 492 12 H. H. NNP 7960 492 13 B. B. NNP 7960 492 14 Walters Walters NNP 7960 492 15 , , , 7960 492 16 _ _ NNP 7960 492 17 A a DT 7960 492 18 Classical Classical NNP 7960 492 19 Dictionary Dictionary NNP 7960 492 20 _ _ NNP 7960 492 21 ( ( -LRB- 7960 492 22 N. N. NNP 7960 492 23 Y. Y. NNP 7960 492 24 , , , 7960 492 25 1916 1916 CD 7960 492 26 , , , 7960 492 27 Putnam Putnam NNP 7960 492 28 , , , 7960 492 29 $ $ $ 7960 492 30 6.50 6.50 CD 7960 492 31 ) ) -RRB- 7960 492 32 and and CC 7960 492 33 H. H. NNP 7960 492 34 T. T. NNP 7960 492 35 Peck Peck NNP 7960 492 36 , , , 7960 492 37 _ _ NNP 7960 492 38 Harper Harper NNP 7960 492 39 's 's POS 7960 492 40 Dictionary Dictionary NNP 7960 492 41 of of IN 7960 492 42 Classical Classical NNP 7960 492 43 Literature Literature NNP 7960 492 44 and and CC 7960 492 45 Antiquities Antiquities NNPS 7960 492 46 _ _ NNP 7960 492 47 ( ( -LRB- 7960 492 48 N. N. NNP 7960 492 49 Y. Y. NNP 7960 492 50 , , , 7960 492 51 1897 1897 CD 7960 492 52 , , , 7960 492 53 American American NNP 7960 492 54 Book Book NNP 7960 492 55 Co. Co. NNP 7960 492 56 , , , 7960 492 57 $ $ $ 7960 492 58 6.00 6.00 CD 7960 492 59 ) ) -RRB- 7960 492 60 . . . 7960 493 1 Cambridge Cambridge NNP 7960 493 2 University University NNP 7960 493 3 , , , 7960 493 4 England England NNP 7960 493 5 , , , 7960 493 6 has have VBZ 7960 493 7 published publish VBN 7960 493 8 _ _ NNP 7960 493 9 A A NNP 7960 493 10 Companion Companion NNP 7960 493 11 to to IN 7960 493 12 Greek Greek NNP 7960 493 13 Studies Studies NNPS 7960 493 14 _ _ NNP 7960 493 15 , , , 7960 493 16 edited edit VBN 7960 493 17 by by IN 7960 493 18 L. L. NNP 7960 493 19 Whibley Whibley NNP 7960 493 20 ( ( -LRB- 7960 493 21 2d 2d NNP 7960 493 22 ed ed NNP 7960 493 23 . . NNP 7960 493 24 , , , 7960 493 25 N. N. NNP 7960 493 26 Y. Y. NNP 7960 493 27 , , , 7960 493 28 1906 1906 CD 7960 493 29 , , , 7960 493 30 Putnam Putnam NNP 7960 493 31 , , , 7960 493 32 $ $ $ 7960 493 33 6.00 6.00 CD 7960 493 34 ) ) -RRB- 7960 493 35 , , , 7960 493 36 and and CC 7960 493 37 _ _ NNP 7960 493 38 A A NNP 7960 493 39 Companion Companion NNP 7960 493 40 to to IN 7960 493 41 Latin Latin NNP 7960 493 42 Studies Studies NNPS 7960 493 43 _ _ NNP 7960 493 44 , , , 7960 493 45 edited edit VBN 7960 493 46 by by IN 7960 493 47 J. J. NNP 7960 493 48 E. E. NNP 7960 493 49 Sandys Sandys NNP 7960 493 50 ( ( -LRB- 7960 493 51 N. N. NNP 7960 493 52 Y. Y. NNP 7960 493 53 , , , 7960 493 54 1911 1911 CD 7960 493 55 , , , 7960 493 56 Putnam Putnam NNP 7960 493 57 , , , 7960 493 58 $ $ $ 7960 493 59 6.00 6.00 CD 7960 493 60 ) ) -RRB- 7960 493 61 . . . 7960 494 1 These these DT 7960 494 2 two two CD 7960 494 3 volumes volume NNS 7960 494 4 treat treat VBP 7960 494 5 every every DT 7960 494 6 phase phase NN 7960 494 7 of of IN 7960 494 8 ancient ancient JJ 7960 494 9 life life NN 7960 494 10 in in IN 7960 494 11 separate separate JJ 7960 494 12 essays essay NNS 7960 494 13 by by IN 7960 494 14 distinguished distinguished JJ 7960 494 15 scholars scholar NNS 7960 494 16 . . . 7960 495 1 For for IN 7960 495 2 chronology chronology NN 7960 495 3 , , , 7960 495 4 genealogies genealogy NNS 7960 495 5 , , , 7960 495 6 lists list NNS 7960 495 7 of of IN 7960 495 8 sovereigns sovereign NNS 7960 495 9 , , , 7960 495 10 and and CC 7960 495 11 other other JJ 7960 495 12 data datum NNS 7960 495 13 the the DT 7960 495 14 most most RBS 7960 495 15 valuable valuable JJ 7960 495 16 works work NNS 7960 495 17 are be VBP 7960 495 18 Arthur Arthur NNP 7960 495 19 Hassall Hassall NNP 7960 495 20 , , , 7960 495 21 _ _ NNP 7960 495 22 European European NNP 7960 495 23 History History NNP 7960 495 24 , , , 7960 495 25 476 476 CD 7960 495 26 - - SYM 7960 495 27 1910 1910 CD 7960 495 28 _ _ NNP 7960 495 29 ( ( -LRB- 7960 495 30 new new NNP 7960 495 31 ed ed NNP 7960 495 32 . . NNP 7960 495 33 , , , 7960 495 34 N. N. NNP 7960 495 35 Y. Y. NNP 7960 495 36 , , , 7960 495 37 1910 1910 CD 7960 495 38 , , , 7960 495 39 Macmillan Macmillan NNP 7960 495 40 , , , 7960 495 41 $ $ $ 7960 495 42 2.25 2.25 CD 7960 495 43 ) ) -RRB- 7960 495 44 , , , 7960 495 45 G. G. NNP 7960 495 46 P. P. NNP 7960 495 47 Putnam Putnam NNP 7960 495 48 , , , 7960 495 49 _ _ NNP 7960 495 50 Tabular Tabular NNP 7960 495 51 Views Views NNP 7960 495 52 of of IN 7960 495 53 Universal Universal NNP 7960 495 54 History History NNP 7960 495 55 _ _ NNP 7960 495 56 ( ( -LRB- 7960 495 57 new new NNP 7960 495 58 ed ed NNP 7960 495 59 . . NNP 7960 495 60 , , , 7960 495 61 N. N. NNP 7960 495 62 Y. Y. NNP 7960 495 63 , , , 7960 495 64 1915 1915 CD 7960 495 65 , , , 7960 495 66 Putnam Putnam NNP 7960 495 67 , , , 7960 495 68 $ $ $ 7960 495 69 2.50 2.50 CD 7960 495 70 ) ) -RRB- 7960 495 71 , , , 7960 495 72 and and CC 7960 495 73 Karl Karl NNP 7960 495 74 J. J. NNP 7960 495 75 Ploetz Ploetz NNP 7960 495 76 , , , 7960 495 77 _ _ NNP 7960 495 78 A a DT 7960 495 79 Handbook Handbook NNP 7960 495 80 of of IN 7960 495 81 Universal Universal NNP 7960 495 82 History History NNP 7960 495 83 _ _ NNP 7960 495 84 , , , 7960 495 85 translated translate VBN 7960 495 86 by by IN 7960 495 87 W. W. NNP 7960 495 88 H. H. NNP 7960 495 89 Tillinghast Tillinghast NNP 7960 495 90 ( ( -LRB- 7960 495 91 Boston Boston NNP 7960 495 92 , , , 7960 495 93 1915 1915 CD 7960 495 94 , , , 7960 495 95 Houghton Houghton NNP 7960 495 96 Mifflin Mifflin NNP 7960 495 97 Co. Co. NNP 7960 495 98 , , , 7960 495 99 $ $ $ 7960 495 100 3.00 3.00 CD 7960 495 101 ) ) -RRB- 7960 495 102 . . . 7960 496 1 SYLLABI SYLLABI NNP 7960 496 2 The the DT 7960 496 3 _ _ NNP 7960 496 4 Illustrated Illustrated NNP 7960 496 5 Topics Topics NNP 7960 496 6 for for IN 7960 496 7 Ancient Ancient NNP 7960 496 8 History History NNP 7960 496 9 _ _ NNP 7960 496 10 , , , 7960 496 11 arranged arrange VBN 7960 496 12 by by IN 7960 496 13 D. D. NNP 7960 496 14 C. C. NNP 7960 496 15 Knowlton Knowlton NNP 7960 496 16 ( ( -LRB- 7960 496 17 Philadelphia Philadelphia NNP 7960 496 18 , , , 7960 496 19 McKinley McKinley NNP 7960 496 20 Publishing Publishing NNP 7960 496 21 Co. Co. NNP 7960 496 22 , , , 7960 496 23 65 65 CD 7960 496 24 cents cent NNS 7960 496 25 ) ) -RRB- 7960 496 26 , , , 7960 496 27 contain contain VBP 7960 496 28 much much JJ 7960 496 29 valuable valuable JJ 7960 496 30 material material NN 7960 496 31 in in IN 7960 496 32 the the DT 7960 496 33 shape shape NN 7960 496 34 of of IN 7960 496 35 a a DT 7960 496 36 syllabus syllabus NN 7960 496 37 , , , 7960 496 38 source source NN 7960 496 39 quotations quotation NNS 7960 496 40 , , , 7960 496 41 outline outline JJ 7960 496 42 maps map NNS 7960 496 43 , , , 7960 496 44 pictures picture NNS 7960 496 45 , , , 7960 496 46 and and CC 7960 496 47 other other JJ 7960 496 48 aids aid NNS 7960 496 49 . . . 7960 497 1 The the DT 7960 497 2 following follow VBG 7960 497 3 syllabi syllabi NN 7960 497 4 have have VBP 7960 497 5 been be VBN 7960 497 6 prepared prepare VBN 7960 497 7 for for IN 7960 497 8 collegiate collegiate JJ 7960 497 9 instruction instruction NN 7960 497 10 : : : 7960 497 11 Botsford Botsford NNP 7960 497 12 , , , 7960 497 13 G. G. NNP 7960 497 14 W. W. NNP 7960 497 15 _ _ NNP 7960 497 16 A a DT 7960 497 17 Syllabus Syllabus NNP 7960 497 18 of of IN 7960 497 19 Roman roman JJ 7960 497 20 History History NNP 7960 497 21 _ _ NNP 7960 497 22 ( ( -LRB- 7960 497 23 N. N. NNP 7960 497 24 Y. Y. NNP 7960 497 25 , , , 7960 497 26 1915 1915 CD 7960 497 27 , , , 7960 497 28 Macmillan Macmillan NNP 7960 497 29 , , , 7960 497 30 50 50 CD 7960 497 31 cents cent NNS 7960 497 32 ) ) -RRB- 7960 497 33 . . . 7960 498 1 Munro Munro NNP 7960 498 2 , , , 7960 498 3 D. D. NNP 7960 498 4 C. C. NNP 7960 498 5 , , , 7960 498 6 and and CC 7960 498 7 SELLERY SELLERY NNP 7960 498 8 , , , 7960 498 9 G. G. NNP 7960 498 10 C. C. NNP 7960 498 11 _ _ NNP 7960 498 12 A A NNP 7960 498 13 Syllabus Syllabus NNP 7960 498 14 of of IN 7960 498 15 Medieval Medieval NNP 7960 498 16 History History NNP 7960 498 17 , , , 7960 498 18 395- 395- NNP 7960 498 19 1500 1500 CD 7960 498 20 _ _ NNP 7960 498 21 ( ( -LRB- 7960 498 22 N. N. NNP 7960 498 23 Y. Y. NNP 7960 498 24 , , , 7960 498 25 1913 1913 CD 7960 498 26 , , , 7960 498 27 Longmans Longmans NNPS 7960 498 28 , , , 7960 498 29 Green Green NNP 7960 498 30 , , , 7960 498 31 and and CC 7960 498 32 Co. Co. NNP 7960 498 33 , , , 7960 498 34 $ $ $ 7960 498 35 1.00 1.00 CD 7960 498 36 ) ) -RRB- 7960 498 37 . . . 7960 499 1 Richardson Richardson NNP 7960 499 2 , , , 7960 499 3 O. O. NNP 7960 499 4 H. H. NNP 7960 499 5 _ _ NNP 7960 499 6 Syllabus Syllabus NNP 7960 499 7 of of IN 7960 499 8 Continental Continental NNP 7960 499 9 European European NNP 7960 499 10 History History NNP 7960 499 11 from from IN 7960 499 12 the the DT 7960 499 13 Fall Fall NNP 7960 499 14 of of IN 7960 499 15 Rome Rome NNP 7960 499 16 to to IN 7960 499 17 1870 1870 CD 7960 499 18 _ _ NNP 7960 499 19 ( ( -LRB- 7960 499 20 Boston Boston NNP 7960 499 21 , , , 7960 499 22 1904 1904 CD 7960 499 23 , , , 7960 499 24 Ginn Ginn NNP 7960 499 25 , , , 7960 499 26 boards board NNS 7960 499 27 , , , 7960 499 28 75 75 CD 7960 499 29 cents cent NNS 7960 499 30 ) ) -RRB- 7960 499 31 . . . 7960 500 1 Stephenson Stephenson NNP 7960 500 2 , , , 7960 500 3 Andrew Andrew NNP 7960 500 4 . . . 7960 501 1 _ _ NNP 7960 501 2 Syllabus Syllabus NNP 7960 501 3 of of IN 7960 501 4 Lectures Lectures NNP 7960 501 5 on on IN 7960 501 6 European European NNP 7960 501 7 History History NNP 7960 501 8 _ _ NNP 7960 501 9 ( ( -LRB- 7960 501 10 Terre Terre NNP 7960 501 11 Haute Haute NNP 7960 501 12 , , , 7960 501 13 Ind. Indiana NNP 7960 501 14 , , , 7960 501 15 1897 1897 CD 7960 501 16 , , , 7960 501 17 Inland Inland NNP 7960 501 18 Publishing Publishing NNP 7960 501 19 Co. Co. NNP 7960 501 20 , , , 7960 501 21 $ $ $ 7960 501 22 1.50 1.50 CD 7960 501 23 ) ) -RRB- 7960 501 24 . . . 7960 502 1 Thompson Thompson NNP 7960 502 2 , , , 7960 502 3 J. J. NNP 7960 502 4 W. W. NNP 7960 502 5 _ _ NNP 7960 502 6 Reference Reference NNP 7960 502 7 Studies Studies NNPS 7960 502 8 in in IN 7960 502 9 Medieval Medieval NNP 7960 502 10 History History NNP 7960 502 11 _ _ NNP 7960 502 12 ( ( -LRB- 7960 502 13 2d 2d NNP 7960 502 14 ed ed NNP 7960 502 15 . . NNP 7960 502 16 , , , 7960 502 17 Chicago Chicago NNP 7960 502 18 , , , 7960 502 19 1914 1914 CD 7960 502 20 , , , 7960 502 21 University University NNP 7960 502 22 of of IN 7960 502 23 Chicago Chicago NNP 7960 502 24 Press Press NNP 7960 502 25 , , , 7960 502 26 $ $ $ 7960 502 27 1.25 1.25 CD 7960 502 28 ) ) -RRB- 7960 502 29 . . . 7960 503 1 A a DT 7960 503 2 rich rich JJ 7960 503 3 collection collection NN 7960 503 4 of of IN 7960 503 5 classified classified JJ 7960 503 6 references reference NNS 7960 503 7 . . . 7960 504 1 ATLASES ATLASES NNP 7960 504 2 An an DT 7960 504 3 admirable admirable JJ 7960 504 4 collection collection NN 7960 504 5 of of IN 7960 504 6 maps map NNS 7960 504 7 for for IN 7960 504 8 school school NN 7960 504 9 use use NN 7960 504 10 is be VBZ 7960 504 11 W. W. NNP 7960 504 12 R. R. NNP 7960 504 13 Shepherd Shepherd NNP 7960 504 14 , , , 7960 504 15 _ _ NNP 7960 504 16 Historical Historical NNP 7960 504 17 Atlas Atlas NNP 7960 504 18 _ _ NNP 7960 504 19 ( ( -LRB- 7960 504 20 N. N. NNP 7960 504 21 Y. Y. NNP 7960 504 22 , , , 7960 504 23 1911 1911 CD 7960 504 24 , , , 7960 504 25 Holt Holt NNP 7960 504 26 , , , 7960 504 27 $ $ $ 7960 504 28 2.50 2.50 CD 7960 504 29 ) ) -RRB- 7960 504 30 , , , 7960 504 31 with with IN 7960 504 32 about about RB 7960 504 33 two two CD 7960 504 34 hundred hundred CD 7960 504 35 and and CC 7960 504 36 fifty fifty CD 7960 504 37 maps map NNS 7960 504 38 covering cover VBG 7960 504 39 the the DT 7960 504 40 historical historical JJ 7960 504 41 field field NN 7960 504 42 . . . 7960 505 1 The the DT 7960 505 2 latest late JJS 7960 505 3 and and CC 7960 505 4 one one CD 7960 505 5 of of IN 7960 505 6 the the DT 7960 505 7 best good JJS 7960 505 8 of of IN 7960 505 9 the the DT 7960 505 10 classical classical JJ 7960 505 11 atlases atlas NNS 7960 505 12 is be VBZ 7960 505 13 _ _ NNP 7960 505 14 Murray Murray NNP 7960 505 15 's 's POS 7960 505 16 Small Small NNP 7960 505 17 Classical Classical NNP 7960 505 18 Atlas Atlas NNP 7960 505 19 _ _ NNP 7960 505 20 , , , 7960 505 21 edited edit VBN 7960 505 22 by by IN 7960 505 23 G. G. NNP 7960 505 24 B. B. NNP 7960 505 25 Grundy Grundy NNP 7960 505 26 ( ( -LRB- 7960 505 27 N. N. NNP 7960 505 28 Y. Y. NNP 7960 505 29 , , , 7960 505 30 1904 1904 CD 7960 505 31 , , , 7960 505 32 Oxford Oxford NNP 7960 505 33 University University NNP 7960 505 34 Press Press NNP 7960 505 35 , , , 7960 505 36 American American NNP 7960 505 37 Branch Branch NNP 7960 505 38 , , , 7960 505 39 $ $ $ 7960 505 40 1.35 1.35 CD 7960 505 41 ) ) -RRB- 7960 505 42 . . . 7960 506 1 A a DT 7960 506 2 special special JJ 7960 506 3 feature feature NN 7960 506 4 of of IN 7960 506 5 this this DT 7960 506 6 work work NN 7960 506 7 is be VBZ 7960 506 8 the the DT 7960 506 9 adoption adoption NN 7960 506 10 of of IN 7960 506 11 the the DT 7960 506 12 system system NN 7960 506 13 of of IN 7960 506 14 colored color VBN 7960 506 15 contours contour NNS 7960 506 16 to to TO 7960 506 17 indicate indicate VB 7960 506 18 configuration configuration NN 7960 506 19 . . . 7960 507 1 The the DT 7960 507 2 _ _ NNP 7960 507 3 Atlas Atlas NNP 7960 507 4 of of IN 7960 507 5 Ancient Ancient NNP 7960 507 6 and and CC 7960 507 7 Classical Classical NNP 7960 507 8 Geography Geography NNP 7960 507 9 _ _ NNP 7960 507 10 in in IN 7960 507 11 " " `` 7960 507 12 Everyman Everyman NNP 7960 507 13 's 's POS 7960 507 14 Library Library NNP 7960 507 15 " " '' 7960 507 16 ( ( -LRB- 7960 507 17 N. N. NNP 7960 507 18 Y. Y. NNP 7960 507 19 , , , 7960 507 20 1910 1910 CD 7960 507 21 , , , 7960 507 22 Dutton Dutton NNP 7960 507 23 , , , 7960 507 24 35 35 CD 7960 507 25 cents cent NNS 7960 507 26 ) ) -RRB- 7960 507 27 might may MD 7960 507 28 well well RB 7960 507 29 be be VB 7960 507 30 purchased purchase VBN 7960 507 31 by by IN 7960 507 32 every every DT 7960 507 33 student student NN 7960 507 34 . . . 7960 508 1 Other other JJ 7960 508 2 valuable valuable JJ 7960 508 3 works work NNS 7960 508 4 are be VBP 7960 508 5 E. E. NNP 7960 508 6 W. W. NNP 7960 508 7 Dow Dow NNP 7960 508 8 , , , 7960 508 9 _ _ NNP 7960 508 10 Atlas Atlas NNP 7960 508 11 of of IN 7960 508 12 European European NNP 7960 508 13 History History NNP 7960 508 14 _ _ NNP 7960 508 15 ( ( -LRB- 7960 508 16 N. N. NNP 7960 508 17 Y. Y. NNP 7960 508 18 , , , 7960 508 19 1907 1907 CD 7960 508 20 , , , 7960 508 21 Holt Holt NNP 7960 508 22 , , , 7960 508 23 $ $ $ 7960 508 24 1.50 1.50 CD 7960 508 25 ) ) -RRB- 7960 508 26 and and CC 7960 508 27 Ramsay Ramsay NNP 7960 508 28 Muir Muir NNP 7960 508 29 , , , 7960 508 30 _ _ NNP 7960 508 31 A a DT 7960 508 32 New New NNP 7960 508 33 School School NNP 7960 508 34 Atlas Atlas NNP 7960 508 35 of of IN 7960 508 36 Modern modern JJ 7960 508 37 History History NNP 7960 508 38 _ _ NNP 7960 508 39 ( ( -LRB- 7960 508 40 N. N. NNP 7960 508 41 Y. Y. NNP 7960 508 42 , , , 7960 508 43 1911 1911 CD 7960 508 44 , , , 7960 508 45 Holt Holt NNP 7960 508 46 , , , 7960 508 47 $ $ $ 7960 508 48 1.25 1.25 CD 7960 508 49 ) ) -RRB- 7960 508 50 . . . 7960 509 1 Much much JJ 7960 509 2 use use NN 7960 509 3 can can MD 7960 509 4 be be VB 7960 509 5 made make VBN 7960 509 6 of of IN 7960 509 7 the the DT 7960 509 8 inexpensive inexpensive JJ 7960 509 9 and and CC 7960 509 10 handy handy JJ 7960 509 11 _ _ NNP 7960 509 12 Literary Literary NNP 7960 509 13 and and CC 7960 509 14 Historical Historical NNP 7960 509 15 Atlas Atlas NNP 7960 509 16 of of IN 7960 509 17 Europe Europe NNP 7960 509 18 _ _ NNP 7960 509 19 by by IN 7960 509 20 J. J. NNP 7960 509 21 G. G. NNP 7960 509 22 Bartholomew Bartholomew NNP 7960 509 23 in in IN 7960 509 24 " " `` 7960 509 25 Everyman Everyman NNP 7960 509 26 's 's POS 7960 509 27 Library Library NNP 7960 509 28 " " '' 7960 509 29 ( ( -LRB- 7960 509 30 N. N. NNP 7960 509 31 Y. Y. NNP 7960 509 32 , , , 7960 509 33 1910 1910 CD 7960 509 34 , , , 7960 509 35 Dutton Dutton NNP 7960 509 36 , , , 7960 509 37 35 35 CD 7960 509 38 cents cent NNS 7960 509 39 ) ) -RRB- 7960 509 40 . . . 7960 510 1 WALL WALL NNP 7960 510 2 MAPS MAPS NNP 7960 510 3 AND and CC 7960 510 4 CHARTS CHARTS NNP 7960 510 5 Kiepert Kiepert NNP 7960 510 6 's 's POS 7960 510 7 _ _ NNP 7960 510 8 New New NNP 7960 510 9 Wall Wall NNP 7960 510 10 Maps Maps NNPS 7960 510 11 of of IN 7960 510 12 Ancient Ancient NNP 7960 510 13 History History NNP 7960 510 14 _ _ NNP 7960 510 15 ( ( -LRB- 7960 510 16 Chicago Chicago NNP 7960 510 17 , , , 7960 510 18 Rand Rand NNP 7960 510 19 , , , 7960 510 20 McNally McNally NNP 7960 510 21 , , , 7960 510 22 and and CC 7960 510 23 Co. Co. NNP 7960 510 24 ) ) -RRB- 7960 510 25 and and CC 7960 510 26 Johnston Johnston NNP 7960 510 27 's 's POS 7960 510 28 _ _ NNP 7960 510 29 Classical Classical NNP 7960 510 30 Series Series NNP 7960 510 31 _ _ NNP 7960 510 32 ( ( -LRB- 7960 510 33 Chicago Chicago NNP 7960 510 34 , , , 7960 510 35 A. A. NNP 7960 510 36 J. J. NNP 7960 510 37 Nystrom Nystrom NNP 7960 510 38 and and CC 7960 510 39 Co. Co. NNP 7960 510 40 ) ) -RRB- 7960 510 41 may may MD 7960 510 42 be be VB 7960 510 43 obtained obtain VBN 7960 510 44 singly singly RB 7960 510 45 , , , 7960 510 46 mounted mount VBN 7960 510 47 on on IN 7960 510 48 common common JJ 7960 510 49 rollers roller NNS 7960 510 50 , , , 7960 510 51 or or CC 7960 510 52 by by IN 7960 510 53 sets set NNS 7960 510 54 in in IN 7960 510 55 a a DT 7960 510 56 case case NN 7960 510 57 with with IN 7960 510 58 spring spring NN 7960 510 59 rollers roller NNS 7960 510 60 . . . 7960 511 1 The the DT 7960 511 2 text text NN 7960 511 3 is be VBZ 7960 511 4 in in IN 7960 511 5 Latin Latin NNP 7960 511 6 . . . 7960 512 1 The the DT 7960 512 2 Spruner Spruner NNP 7960 512 3 - - HYPH 7960 512 4 Bretschneider Bretschneider NNP 7960 512 5 _ _ NNP 7960 512 6 Historical Historical NNP 7960 512 7 Maps Maps NNPS 7960 512 8 _ _ NNP 7960 512 9 are be VBP 7960 512 10 ten ten CD 7960 512 11 in in IN 7960 512 12 number number NN 7960 512 13 , , , 7960 512 14 size size NN 7960 512 15 62 62 CD 7960 512 16 x x SYM 7960 512 17 52 52 CD 7960 512 18 inches inch NNS 7960 512 19 , , , 7960 512 20 and and CC 7960 512 21 cover cover VB 7960 512 22 the the DT 7960 512 23 period period NN 7960 512 24 from from IN 7960 512 25 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 512 26 350 350 CD 7960 512 27 to to IN 7960 512 28 1815 1815 CD 7960 512 29 . . . 7960 513 1 The the DT 7960 513 2 text text NN 7960 513 3 is be VBZ 7960 513 4 in in IN 7960 513 5 German German NNP 7960 513 6 ( ( -LRB- 7960 513 7 Chicago Chicago NNP 7960 513 8 , , , 7960 513 9 Nystrom Nystrom NNP 7960 513 10 , , , 7960 513 11 each each DT 7960 513 12 $ $ $ 7960 513 13 6.00 6.00 CD 7960 513 14 ; ; : 7960 513 15 Rand Rand NNP 7960 513 16 , , , 7960 513 17 McNally McNally NNP 7960 513 18 , , , 7960 513 19 and and CC 7960 513 20 Co. Co. NNP 7960 513 21 , , , 7960 513 22 each each DT 7960 513 23 $ $ $ 7960 513 24 6.50 6.50 CD 7960 513 25 ) ) -RRB- 7960 513 26 . . . 7960 514 1 Johnston Johnston NNP 7960 514 2 's 's POS 7960 514 3 _ _ NNP 7960 514 4 Maps Maps NNPS 7960 514 5 of of IN 7960 514 6 English English NNP 7960 514 7 and and CC 7960 514 8 European European NNP 7960 514 9 History History NNP 7960 514 10 _ _ NNP 7960 514 11 are be VBP 7960 514 12 sixteen sixteen VBN 7960 514 13 in in IN 7960 514 14 number number NN 7960 514 15 , , , 7960 514 16 size size NN 7960 514 17 40 40 CD 7960 514 18 x x SYM 7960 514 19 30 30 CD 7960 514 20 inches inch NNS 7960 514 21 , , , 7960 514 22 and and CC 7960 514 23 include include VBP 7960 514 24 four four CD 7960 514 25 maps map NNS 7960 514 26 of of IN 7960 514 27 ancient ancient JJ 7960 514 28 history history NN 7960 514 29 ( ( -LRB- 7960 514 30 Chicago Chicago NNP 7960 514 31 , , , 7960 514 32 Nystrom Nystrom NNP 7960 514 33 , , , 7960 514 34 each each DT 7960 514 35 $ $ $ 7960 514 36 2.50 2.50 CD 7960 514 37 ) ) -RRB- 7960 514 38 . . . 7960 515 1 A a DT 7960 515 2 new new JJ 7960 515 3 series series NN 7960 515 4 of of IN 7960 515 5 _ _ NNP 7960 515 6 European European NNP 7960 515 7 History History NNP 7960 515 8 Maps Maps NNPS 7960 515 9 _ _ NNP 7960 515 10 , , , 7960 515 11 thirty thirty CD 7960 515 12 - - HYPH 7960 515 13 nine nine CD 7960 515 14 in in IN 7960 515 15 number number NN 7960 515 16 , , , 7960 515 17 size size NN 7960 515 18 44 44 CD 7960 515 19 x x SYM 7960 515 20 32 32 CD 7960 515 21 inches inch NNS 7960 515 22 , , , 7960 515 23 has have VBZ 7960 515 24 been be VBN 7960 515 25 prepared prepare VBN 7960 515 26 for for IN 7960 515 27 the the DT 7960 515 28 study study NN 7960 515 29 of of IN 7960 515 30 ancient ancient JJ 7960 515 31 history history NN 7960 515 32 by by IN 7960 515 33 Professors Professors NNPS 7960 515 34 J. J. NNP 7960 515 35 H. H. NNP 7960 515 36 Breasted Breasted NNP 7960 515 37 and and CC 7960 515 38 C. C. NNP 7960 515 39 F. F. NNP 7960 515 40 Huth Huth NNP 7960 515 41 , , , 7960 515 42 and and CC 7960 515 43 for for IN 7960 515 44 medieval medieval JJ 7960 515 45 and and CC 7960 515 46 modern modern JJ 7960 515 47 history history NN 7960 515 48 by by IN 7960 515 49 Professor Professor NNP 7960 515 50 S. S. NNP 7960 515 51 B. B. NNP 7960 515 52 Harding Harding NNP 7960 515 53 ( ( -LRB- 7960 515 54 Chicago Chicago NNP 7960 515 55 , , , 7960 515 56 Denoyer Denoyer NNP 7960 515 57 - - HYPH 7960 515 58 Geppert Geppert NNP 7960 515 59 Co. Co. NNP 7960 515 60 , , , 7960 515 61 complete complete JJ 7960 515 62 set set NN 7960 515 63 with with IN 7960 515 64 tripod tripod NNP 7960 515 65 stand stand NN 7960 515 66 , , , 7960 515 67 $ $ $ 7960 515 68 52.00 52.00 CD 7960 515 69 ; ; : 7960 515 70 in in IN 7960 515 71 two two CD 7960 515 72 spring spring NN 7960 515 73 roller roller NN 7960 515 74 cases case NNS 7960 515 75 , , , 7960 515 76 $ $ $ 7960 515 77 73.00 73.00 CD 7960 515 78 ) ) -RRB- 7960 515 79 . . . 7960 516 1 These these DT 7960 516 2 maps map NNS 7960 516 3 may may MD 7960 516 4 also also RB 7960 516 5 be be VB 7960 516 6 had have VBN 7960 516 7 separately separately RB 7960 516 8 . . . 7960 517 1 The the DT 7960 517 2 maps map NNS 7960 517 3 in in IN 7960 517 4 this this DT 7960 517 5 admirable admirable JJ 7960 517 6 series series NN 7960 517 7 omit omit VBP 7960 517 8 all all DT 7960 517 9 irrelevant irrelevant JJ 7960 517 10 detail detail NN 7960 517 11 , , , 7960 517 12 present present JJ 7960 517 13 place place NN 7960 517 14 names name NNS 7960 517 15 in in IN 7960 517 16 the the DT 7960 517 17 modern modern JJ 7960 517 18 English English NNP 7960 517 19 form form NN 7960 517 20 , , , 7960 517 21 and and CC 7960 517 22 in in IN 7960 517 23 choice choice NN 7960 517 24 of of IN 7960 517 25 subject subject NN 7960 517 26 matter matter NN 7960 517 27 emphasize emphasize VBP 7960 517 28 the the DT 7960 517 29 American american JJ 7960 517 30 viewpoint viewpoint NN 7960 517 31 . . . 7960 518 1 The the DT 7960 518 2 school school NN 7960 518 3 should should MD 7960 518 4 also also RB 7960 518 5 possess possess VB 7960 518 6 good good JJ 7960 518 7 physical physical JJ 7960 518 8 wall wall NN 7960 518 9 maps map NNS 7960 518 10 such such JJ 7960 518 11 as as IN 7960 518 12 the the DT 7960 518 13 Sydow Sydow NNP 7960 518 14 - - HYPH 7960 518 15 Habenicht Habenicht NNP 7960 518 16 or or CC 7960 518 17 the the DT 7960 518 18 Kiepert Kiepert NNP 7960 518 19 series series NN 7960 518 20 , , , 7960 518 21 both both DT 7960 518 22 to to TO 7960 518 23 be be VB 7960 518 24 obtained obtain VBN 7960 518 25 from from IN 7960 518 26 Rand Rand NNP 7960 518 27 , , , 7960 518 28 McNally McNally NNP 7960 518 29 , , , 7960 518 30 and and CC 7960 518 31 Co. Co. NNP 7960 519 1 The the DT 7960 519 2 text text NN 7960 519 3 is be VBZ 7960 519 4 in in IN 7960 519 5 German German NNP 7960 519 6 . . . 7960 520 1 Phillips Phillips NNP 7960 520 2 's 's POS 7960 520 3 _ _ NNP 7960 520 4 Model Model NNP 7960 520 5 Test Test NNP 7960 520 6 Maps Maps NNPS 7960 520 7 _ _ NNP 7960 520 8 and and CC 7960 520 9 Johnston Johnston NNP 7960 520 10 's 's POS 7960 520 11 _ _ NNP 7960 520 12 New New NNP 7960 520 13 Series Series NNP 7960 520 14 of of IN 7960 520 15 Physical Physical NNP 7960 520 16 Wall Wall NNP 7960 520 17 Maps Maps NNPS 7960 520 18 _ _ NNP 7960 520 19 are be VBP 7960 520 20 obtainable obtainable JJ 7960 520 21 from from IN 7960 520 22 A. a. NN 7960 520 23 J. J. NNP 7960 520 24 Nystrom Nystrom NNP 7960 520 25 and and CC 7960 520 26 Co. Co. NNP 7960 521 1 The the DT 7960 521 2 only only JJ 7960 521 3 large large JJ 7960 521 4 charts chart NNS 7960 521 5 available available JJ 7960 521 6 are be VBP 7960 521 7 those those DT 7960 521 8 prepared prepare VBN 7960 521 9 by by IN 7960 521 10 MacCoun MacCoun NNP 7960 521 11 for for IN 7960 521 12 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 521 13 _ _ NNP 7960 521 14 Historical Historical NNP 7960 521 15 Geography Geography NNP 7960 521 16 Charts Charts NNPS 7960 521 17 of of IN 7960 521 18 Europe Europe NNP 7960 521 19 _ _ NNP 7960 521 20 . . . 7960 522 1 The the DT 7960 522 2 two two CD 7960 522 3 sections section NNS 7960 522 4 , , , 7960 522 5 " " `` 7960 522 6 Ancient Ancient NNP 7960 522 7 and and CC 7960 522 8 Classical Classical NNP 7960 522 9 " " '' 7960 522 10 and and CC 7960 522 11 " " `` 7960 522 12 Medieval Medieval NNP 7960 522 13 and and CC 7960 522 14 Modern Modern NNP 7960 522 15 , , , 7960 522 16 " " '' 7960 522 17 are be VBP 7960 522 18 sold sell VBN 7960 522 19 separately separately RB 7960 522 20 ( ( -LRB- 7960 522 21 N. N. NNP 7960 522 22 Y. Y. NNP 7960 522 23 , , , 7960 522 24 Silver Silver NNP 7960 522 25 , , , 7960 522 26 Burdett Burdett NNP 7960 522 27 , , , 7960 522 28 and and CC 7960 522 29 Co. Co. NNP 7960 522 30 , , , 7960 522 31 $ $ $ 7960 522 32 15.00 15.00 CD 7960 522 33 ) ) -RRB- 7960 522 34 . . . 7960 523 1 A a DT 7960 523 2 helpful helpful JJ 7960 523 3 series series NN 7960 523 4 of of IN 7960 523 5 _ _ NNP 7960 523 6 Blackboard Blackboard NNP 7960 523 7 Outline Outline NNP 7960 523 8 Maps Maps NNPS 7960 523 9 _ _ NNP 7960 523 10 is be VBZ 7960 523 11 issued issue VBN 7960 523 12 by by IN 7960 523 13 J. J. NNP 7960 523 14 L. L. NNP 7960 523 15 Engle Engle NNP 7960 523 16 , , , 7960 523 17 Beaver Beaver NNP 7960 523 18 , , , 7960 523 19 Penn Penn NNP 7960 523 20 . . . 7960 524 1 These these DT 7960 524 2 are be VBP 7960 524 3 wall wall NN 7960 524 4 maps map NNS 7960 524 5 , , , 7960 524 6 printed print VBN 7960 524 7 with with IN 7960 524 8 paint paint NN 7960 524 9 on on IN 7960 524 10 blackboard blackboard JJ 7960 524 11 cloth cloth NN 7960 524 12 , , , 7960 524 13 for for IN 7960 524 14 use use NN 7960 524 15 with with IN 7960 524 16 an an DT 7960 524 17 ordinary ordinary JJ 7960 524 18 crayon crayon NN 7960 524 19 . . . 7960 525 1 Such such JJ 7960 525 2 maps map NNS 7960 525 3 are be VBP 7960 525 4 also also RB 7960 525 5 sold sell VBN 7960 525 6 by by IN 7960 525 7 the the DT 7960 525 8 Denoyer Denoyer NNP 7960 525 9 - - HYPH 7960 525 10 Geppert Geppert NNP 7960 525 11 Co. Co. NNP 7960 525 12 , , , 7960 525 13 Chicago Chicago NNP 7960 525 14 . . . 7960 526 1 OUTLINE OUTLINE NNP 7960 526 2 MAPS MAPS NNP 7960 526 3 The the DT 7960 526 4 " " `` 7960 526 5 Studies Studies NNPS 7960 526 6 " " '' 7960 526 7 following follow VBG 7960 526 8 each each DT 7960 526 9 chapter chapter NN 7960 526 10 of of IN 7960 526 11 this this DT 7960 526 12 book book NN 7960 526 13 include include VBP 7960 526 14 various various JJ 7960 526 15 exercises exercise NNS 7960 526 16 for for IN 7960 526 17 which which WDT 7960 526 18 small small JJ 7960 526 19 outline outline NN 7960 526 20 maps map NNS 7960 526 21 are be VBP 7960 526 22 required require VBN 7960 526 23 . . . 7960 527 1 Such such JJ 7960 527 2 maps map NNS 7960 527 3 are be VBP 7960 527 4 sold sell VBN 7960 527 5 by by IN 7960 527 6 D. D. NNP 7960 527 7 C. C. NNP 7960 527 8 Heath Heath NNP 7960 527 9 and and CC 7960 527 10 Co. Co. NNP 7960 527 11 , , , 7960 527 12 Boston Boston NNP 7960 527 13 , , , 7960 527 14 New New NNP 7960 527 15 York York NNP 7960 527 16 , , , 7960 527 17 Chicago Chicago NNP 7960 527 18 . . . 7960 528 1 Useful useful JJ 7960 528 2 atlases atlas NNS 7960 528 3 of of IN 7960 528 4 outline outline JJ 7960 528 5 maps map NNS 7960 528 6 are be VBP 7960 528 7 also also RB 7960 528 8 to to TO 7960 528 9 be be VB 7960 528 10 had have VBN 7960 528 11 of of IN 7960 528 12 the the DT 7960 528 13 McKinley McKinley NNP 7960 528 14 Publishing Publishing NNP 7960 528 15 Co. Co. NNP 7960 528 16 , , , 7960 528 17 Philadelphia Philadelphia NNP 7960 528 18 , , , 7960 528 19 Atkinson Atkinson NNP 7960 528 20 , , , 7960 528 21 Mentzer Mentzer NNP 7960 528 22 and and CC 7960 528 23 Grover Grover NNP 7960 528 24 , , , 7960 528 25 Chicago Chicago NNP 7960 528 26 , , , 7960 528 27 W. W. NNP 7960 528 28 B. B. NNP 7960 528 29 Harison Harison NNP 7960 528 30 , , , 7960 528 31 New New NNP 7960 528 32 York York NNP 7960 528 33 City City NNP 7960 528 34 , , , 7960 528 35 and and CC 7960 528 36 of of IN 7960 528 37 other other JJ 7960 528 38 publishers publisher NNS 7960 528 39 . . . 7960 529 1 ILLUSTRATIONS illustrations RB 7960 529 2 The the DT 7960 529 3 best good JJS 7960 529 4 photographs photograph NNS 7960 529 5 of of IN 7960 529 6 ancient ancient JJ 7960 529 7 works work NNS 7960 529 8 of of IN 7960 529 9 art art NN 7960 529 10 must must MD 7960 529 11 usually usually RB 7960 529 12 be be VB 7960 529 13 obtained obtain VBN 7960 529 14 from from IN 7960 529 15 the the DT 7960 529 16 foreign foreign JJ 7960 529 17 publishers publisher NNS 7960 529 18 in in IN 7960 529 19 Naples Naples NNP 7960 529 20 , , , 7960 529 21 Florence Florence NNP 7960 529 22 , , , 7960 529 23 Rome Rome NNP 7960 529 24 , , , 7960 529 25 Munich Munich NNP 7960 529 26 , , , 7960 529 27 Paris Paris NNP 7960 529 28 , , , 7960 529 29 Athens Athens NNP 7960 529 30 , , , 7960 529 31 and and CC 7960 529 32 London London NNP 7960 529 33 , , , 7960 529 34 or or CC 7960 529 35 from from IN 7960 529 36 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 529 37 American american JJ 7960 529 38 agents agent NNS 7960 529 39 . . . 7960 530 1 Such such JJ 7960 530 2 photographs photograph NNS 7960 530 3 , , , 7960 530 4 in in IN 7960 530 5 the the DT 7960 530 6 usual usual JJ 7960 530 7 size size NN 7960 530 8 , , , 7960 530 9 8 8 CD 7960 530 10 x x SYM 7960 530 11 10 10 CD 7960 530 12 inches inch NNS 7960 530 13 , , , 7960 530 14 sell sell VB 7960 530 15 , , , 7960 530 16 unmounted unmounted JJ 7960 530 17 , , , 7960 530 18 at at IN 7960 530 19 from from IN 7960 530 20 6 6 CD 7960 530 21 to to TO 7960 530 22 8 8 CD 7960 530 23 francs franc NNS 7960 530 24 a a DT 7960 530 25 dozen dozen NN 7960 530 26 . . . 7960 531 1 All all DT 7960 531 2 dealers dealer NNS 7960 531 3 in in IN 7960 531 4 lantern lantern JJ 7960 531 5 slides slide NNS 7960 531 6 issue issue VBP 7960 531 7 descriptive descriptive JJ 7960 531 8 catalogues catalogue NNS 7960 531 9 of of IN 7960 531 10 a a DT 7960 531 11 great great JJ 7960 531 12 variety variety NN 7960 531 13 of of IN 7960 531 14 archaeological archaeological JJ 7960 531 15 subjects subject NNS 7960 531 16 . . . 7960 532 1 In in IN 7960 532 2 addition addition NN 7960 532 3 to to IN 7960 532 4 photographs photograph NNS 7960 532 5 and and CC 7960 532 6 lantern lantern JJ 7960 532 7 slides slide NNS 7960 532 8 , , , 7960 532 9 a a DT 7960 532 10 collection collection NN 7960 532 11 of of IN 7960 532 12 stereoscopic stereoscopic JJ 7960 532 13 views view NNS 7960 532 14 is be VBZ 7960 532 15 very very RB 7960 532 16 helpful helpful JJ 7960 532 17 in in IN 7960 532 18 giving give VBG 7960 532 19 vividness vividness NN 7960 532 20 and and CC 7960 532 21 interest interest NN 7960 532 22 to to TO 7960 532 23 instruction instruction NN 7960 532 24 in in IN 7960 532 25 ancient ancient JJ 7960 532 26 history history NN 7960 532 27 . . . 7960 533 1 An an DT 7960 533 2 admirable admirable JJ 7960 533 3 series series NN 7960 533 4 of of IN 7960 533 5 photographs photograph NNS 7960 533 6 for for IN 7960 533 7 the the DT 7960 533 8 stereoscope stereoscope NN 7960 533 9 , , , 7960 533 10 including include VBG 7960 533 11 Egypt Egypt NNP 7960 533 12 , , , 7960 533 13 Palestine Palestine NNP 7960 533 14 , , , 7960 533 15 Greece Greece NNP 7960 533 16 , , , 7960 533 17 and and CC 7960 533 18 Italy Italy NNP 7960 533 19 , , , 7960 533 20 is be VBZ 7960 533 21 issued issue VBN 7960 533 22 by by IN 7960 533 23 Underwood Underwood NNP 7960 533 24 and and CC 7960 533 25 Underwood Underwood NNP 7960 533 26 , , , 7960 533 27 New New NNP 7960 533 28 York York NNP 7960 533 29 City City NNP 7960 533 30 . . . 7960 534 1 The the DT 7960 534 2 same same JJ 7960 534 3 firm firm NN 7960 534 4 supplies supply VBZ 7960 534 5 convenient convenient JJ 7960 534 6 maps map NNS 7960 534 7 and and CC 7960 534 8 handbooks handbook NNS 7960 534 9 for for IN 7960 534 10 use use NN 7960 534 11 in in IN 7960 534 12 this this DT 7960 534 13 connection connection NN 7960 534 14 . . . 7960 535 1 The the DT 7960 535 2 Keystone Keystone NNP 7960 535 3 stereographs stereographs NN 7960 535 4 , , , 7960 535 5 prepared prepare VBN 7960 535 6 by by IN 7960 535 7 the the DT 7960 535 8 Keystone Keystone NNP 7960 535 9 View View NNP 7960 535 10 Company Company NNP 7960 535 11 , , , 7960 535 12 Meadville Meadville NNP 7960 535 13 , , , 7960 535 14 Penn Penn NNP 7960 535 15 . . NNP 7960 535 16 , , , 7960 535 17 may may MD 7960 535 18 also also RB 7960 535 19 be be VB 7960 535 20 cordially cordially RB 7960 535 21 recommended recommend VBN 7960 535 22 . . . 7960 536 1 The the DT 7960 536 2 architecture architecture NN 7960 536 3 , , , 7960 536 4 costumes costume NNS 7960 536 5 , , , 7960 536 6 amusements amusement NNS 7960 536 7 , , , 7960 536 8 and and CC 7960 536 9 occupations occupation NNS 7960 536 10 of of IN 7960 536 11 the the DT 7960 536 12 Middle Middle NNP 7960 536 13 Ages Ages NNPS 7960 536 14 in in IN 7960 536 15 England England NNP 7960 536 16 are be VBP 7960 536 17 shown show VBN 7960 536 18 in in IN 7960 536 19 _ _ NNP 7960 536 20 Longmans Longmans NNPS 7960 536 21 ' ' POS 7960 536 22 Historical Historical NNP 7960 536 23 Illustrations Illustrations NNPS 7960 536 24 _ _ IN 7960 536 25 ( ( -LRB- 7960 536 26 six six CD 7960 536 27 portfolios portfolio NNS 7960 536 28 , , , 7960 536 29 each each DT 7960 536 30 containing contain VBG 7960 536 31 twelve twelve CD 7960 536 32 plates plate NNS 7960 536 33 in in IN 7960 536 34 black black NN 7960 536 35 - - HYPH 7960 536 36 and and CC 7960 536 37 - - HYPH 7960 536 38 white white JJ 7960 536 39 , , , 7960 536 40 Longmans Longmans NNPS 7960 536 41 , , , 7960 536 42 Green Green NNP 7960 536 43 , , , 7960 536 44 and and CC 7960 536 45 Co. Co. NNP 7960 536 46 , , , 7960 536 47 90 90 CD 7960 536 48 cents cent NNS 7960 536 49 , , , 7960 536 50 each each DT 7960 536 51 portfolio portfolio NN 7960 536 52 ) ) -RRB- 7960 536 53 . . . 7960 537 1 The the DT 7960 537 2 same same JJ 7960 537 3 firm firm JJ 7960 537 4 issues issue NNS 7960 537 5 _ _ NNP 7960 537 6 Longmans Longmans NNPS 7960 537 7 ' ' POS 7960 537 8 Historical Historical NNP 7960 537 9 Wall Wall NNP 7960 537 10 Pictures Pictures NNP 7960 537 11 _ _ NNP 7960 537 12 , , , 7960 537 13 consisting consist VBG 7960 537 14 of of IN 7960 537 15 twelve twelve CD 7960 537 16 colored colored JJ 7960 537 17 pictures picture NNS 7960 537 18 from from IN 7960 537 19 original original JJ 7960 537 20 paintings painting NNS 7960 537 21 illustrating illustrate VBG 7960 537 22 English english JJ 7960 537 23 history history NN 7960 537 24 ( ( -LRB- 7960 537 25 each each DT 7960 537 26 picture picture NN 7960 537 27 , , , 7960 537 28 separately separately RB 7960 537 29 , , , 7960 537 30 80 80 CD 7960 537 31 cents cent NNS 7960 537 32 ; ; : 7960 537 33 in in IN 7960 537 34 a a DT 7960 537 35 portfolio portfolio NN 7960 537 36 , , , 7960 537 37 $ $ $ 7960 537 38 10.50 10.50 CD 7960 537 39 ) ) -RRB- 7960 537 40 . . . 7960 538 1 Other other JJ 7960 538 2 notable notable JJ 7960 538 3 collections collection NNS 7960 538 4 are be VBP 7960 538 5 Lehmann Lehmann NNP 7960 538 6 's 's POS 7960 538 7 _ _ NNP 7960 538 8 Geographical Geographical NNP 7960 538 9 Pictures Pictures NNPS 7960 538 10 , , , 7960 538 11 Historical Historical NNP 7960 538 12 Pictures Pictures NNPS 7960 538 13 _ _ NNP 7960 538 14 , , , 7960 538 15 and and CC 7960 538 16 _ _ NNP 7960 538 17 Types Types NNPS 7960 538 18 of of IN 7960 538 19 Nations Nations NNPS 7960 538 20 _ _ NNP 7960 538 21 , , , 7960 538 22 and and CC 7960 538 23 Cybulski Cybulski NNP 7960 538 24 's 's POS 7960 538 25 _ _ NNP 7960 538 26 Historical Historical NNP 7960 538 27 Pictures Pictures NNPS 7960 538 28 _ _ NNP 7960 538 29 ( ( -LRB- 7960 538 30 Chicago Chicago NNP 7960 538 31 , , , 7960 538 32 Denoyer Denoyer NNP 7960 538 33 - - HYPH 7960 538 34 Geppert Geppert NNP 7960 538 35 Co. Co. NNP 7960 538 36 ; ; : 7960 538 37 each each DT 7960 538 38 picture picture NN 7960 538 39 separately separately RB 7960 538 40 mounted mount VBD 7960 538 41 on on IN 7960 538 42 rollers roller NNS 7960 538 43 , , , 7960 538 44 $ $ $ 7960 538 45 1.35 1.35 CD 7960 538 46 to to IN 7960 538 47 $ $ $ 7960 538 48 2.25 2.25 CD 7960 538 49 ) ) -RRB- 7960 538 50 . . . 7960 539 1 The the DT 7960 539 2 New New NNP 7960 539 3 England England NNP 7960 539 4 History History NNP 7960 539 5 Teachers Teachers NNPS 7960 539 6 ' ' POS 7960 539 7 Association association NN 7960 539 8 publishes publish VBZ 7960 539 9 a a DT 7960 539 10 series series NN 7960 539 11 of of IN 7960 539 12 _ _ NNP 7960 539 13 Authentic Authentic NNP 7960 539 14 Pictures Pictures NNPS 7960 539 15 for for IN 7960 539 16 Class Class NNP 7960 539 17 Room Room NNP 7960 539 18 Use Use NNP 7960 539 19 _ _ NNP 7960 539 20 , , , 7960 539 21 size size NN 7960 539 22 5 5 CD 7960 539 23 x x SYM 7960 539 24 8 8 CD 7960 539 25 inches inch NNS 7960 539 26 , , , 7960 539 27 price price NN 7960 539 28 3 3 CD 7960 539 29 cents cent NNS 7960 539 30 each each DT 7960 539 31 . . . 7960 540 1 The the DT 7960 540 2 _ _ NNP 7960 540 3 Catalogue Catalogue NNP 7960 540 4 of of IN 7960 540 5 the the DT 7960 540 6 Collection Collection NNP 7960 540 7 of of IN 7960 540 8 Historical Historical NNP 7960 540 9 Material Material NNP 7960 540 10 at at IN 7960 540 11 Simmons Simmons NNP 7960 540 12 College College NNP 7960 540 13 _ _ NNP 7960 540 14 , , , 7960 540 15 prepared prepare VBN 7960 540 16 by by IN 7960 540 17 the the DT 7960 540 18 New New NNP 7960 540 19 England England NNP 7960 540 20 History History NNP 7960 540 21 Teachers Teachers NNPS 7960 540 22 ' ' POS 7960 540 23 Association association NN 7960 540 24 ( ( -LRB- 7960 540 25 2d 2d NNP 7960 540 26 ed ed NNP 7960 540 27 . . NNP 7960 540 28 , , , 7960 540 29 Boston Boston NNP 7960 540 30 , , , 7960 540 31 1912 1912 CD 7960 540 32 , , , 7960 540 33 Houghton Houghton NNP 7960 540 34 Mifflin Mifflin NNP 7960 540 35 Co. Co. NNP 7960 540 36 , , , 7960 540 37 25 25 CD 7960 540 38 cents cent NNS 7960 540 39 ) ) -RRB- 7960 540 40 , , , 7960 540 41 contains contain VBZ 7960 540 42 an an DT 7960 540 43 extensive extensive JJ 7960 540 44 list list NN 7960 540 45 of of IN 7960 540 46 pictures picture NNS 7960 540 47 , , , 7960 540 48 slides slide NNS 7960 540 49 , , , 7960 540 50 models model NNS 7960 540 51 , , , 7960 540 52 and and CC 7960 540 53 other other JJ 7960 540 54 aids aid NNS 7960 540 55 to to IN 7960 540 56 history history NN 7960 540 57 teaching teaching NN 7960 540 58 . . . 7960 541 1 Among among IN 7960 541 2 the the DT 7960 541 3 more more RBR 7960 541 4 useful useful JJ 7960 541 5 collections collection NNS 7960 541 6 in in IN 7960 541 7 book book NN 7960 541 8 form form NN 7960 541 9 of of IN 7960 541 10 photographic photographic JJ 7960 541 11 reproductions reproduction NNS 7960 541 12 and and CC 7960 541 13 drawings drawing NNS 7960 541 14 are be VBP 7960 541 15 the the DT 7960 541 16 following follow VBG 7960 541 17 : : : 7960 541 18 Fechneimer Fechneimer NNP 7960 541 19 , , , 7960 541 20 Hedwig Hedwig NNP 7960 541 21 . . . 7960 542 1 _ _ NNP 7960 542 2 Die Die NNP 7960 542 3 Plastik Plastik NNP 7960 542 4 der der VBP 7960 542 5 Ägypter Ägypter NNP 7960 542 6 _ _ NNP 7960 542 7 ( ( -LRB- 7960 542 8 2d 2d CD 7960 542 9 . . . 7960 543 1 ed ed NNP 7960 543 2 . . NNP 7960 543 3 , , , 7960 543 4 Berlin Berlin NNP 7960 543 5 , , , 7960 543 6 1914 1914 CD 7960 543 7 , , , 7960 543 8 B. B. NNP 7960 543 9 Cassirer Cassirer NNP 7960 543 10 , , , 7960 543 11 12 12 CD 7960 543 12 marks mark NNS 7960 543 13 ) ) -RRB- 7960 543 14 . . . 7960 544 1 156 156 CD 7960 544 2 plates plate NNS 7960 544 3 of of IN 7960 544 4 Egyptian egyptian JJ 7960 544 5 sculpture sculpture NN 7960 544 6 . . . 7960 545 1 Fougères Fougères NNPS 7960 545 2 , , , 7960 545 3 Gustvae Gustvae NNP 7960 545 4 . . . 7960 546 1 _ _ NNP 7960 546 2 La La NNP 7960 546 3 vie vie NNP 7960 546 4 publique publique NNP 7960 546 5 et et NN 7960 546 6 privée privée NN 7960 546 7 des des NNP 7960 546 8 Grecs Grecs NNP 7960 546 9 et et NNP 7960 546 10 des des NNP 7960 546 11 Romains Romains NNP 7960 546 12 _ _ NNP 7960 546 13 ( ( -LRB- 7960 546 14 2d 2d NNP 7960 546 15 ed ed NNP 7960 546 16 . . NNP 7960 546 17 , , , 7960 546 18 Paris Paris NNP 7960 546 19 , , , 7960 546 20 1900 1900 CD 7960 546 21 , , , 7960 546 22 Hachette Hachette NNP 7960 546 23 , , , 7960 546 24 15 15 CD 7960 546 25 francs franc NNS 7960 546 26 ) ) -RRB- 7960 546 27 . . . 7960 547 1 An an DT 7960 547 2 album album NN 7960 547 3 of of IN 7960 547 4 85 85 CD 7960 547 5 pictures picture NNS 7960 547 6 . . . 7960 548 1 Furtwängler furtwängler NN 7960 548 2 , , , 7960 548 3 Adolf Adolf NNP 7960 548 4 . . . 7960 549 1 _ _ NNP 7960 549 2 Masterpieces Masterpieces NNPS 7960 549 3 of of IN 7960 549 4 Greek Greek NNP 7960 549 5 Sculpture Sculpture NNP 7960 549 6 _ _ NNP 7960 549 7 ( ( -LRB- 7960 549 8 N. N. NNP 7960 549 9 Y. Y. NNP 7960 549 10 , , , 7960 549 11 Scribner Scribner NNP 7960 549 12 , , , 7960 549 13 $ $ $ 7960 549 14 15.00 15.00 CD 7960 549 15 ) ) -RRB- 7960 549 16 . . . 7960 550 1 Hekler Hekler NNP 7960 550 2 , , , 7960 550 3 Anton Anton NNP 7960 550 4 . . . 7960 551 1 _ _ NNP 7960 551 2 Greek Greek NNP 7960 551 3 and and CC 7960 551 4 Roman Roman NNP 7960 551 5 Portraits Portraits NNP 7960 551 6 _ _ NNP 7960 551 7 ( ( -LRB- 7960 551 8 N. N. NNP 7960 551 9 Y. Y. NNP 7960 551 10 , , , 7960 551 11 1913 1913 CD 7960 551 12 , , , 7960 551 13 Putnam Putnam NNP 7960 551 14 , , , 7960 551 15 $ $ $ 7960 551 16 7.50 7.50 CD 7960 551 17 ) ) -RRB- 7960 551 18 . . . 7960 552 1 311 311 CD 7960 552 2 plates plate NNS 7960 552 3 , , , 7960 552 4 with with IN 7960 552 5 comment comment NN 7960 552 6 and and CC 7960 552 7 bibliography bibliography NN 7960 552 8 . . . 7960 553 1 Hill Hill NNP 7960 553 2 , , , 7960 553 3 G. G. NNP 7960 553 4 F. F. NNP 7960 553 5 _ _ NNP 7960 553 6 Illustrations Illustrations NNPS 7960 553 7 of of IN 7960 553 8 School School NNP 7960 553 9 Classics Classics NNPS 7960 553 10 _ _ NNP 7960 553 11 ( ( -LRB- 7960 553 12 N. N. NNP 7960 553 13 Y. Y. NNP 7960 553 14 , , , 7960 553 15 1903 1903 CD 7960 553 16 , , , 7960 553 17 Macmillan Macmillan NNP 7960 553 18 , , , 7960 553 19 $ $ $ 7960 553 20 2.50 2.50 CD 7960 553 21 ) ) -RRB- 7960 553 22 . . . 7960 554 1 Muzik Muzik NNP 7960 554 2 , , , 7960 554 3 H. H. NNP 7960 554 4 , , , 7960 554 5 and and CC 7960 554 6 Perschinka Perschinka NNP 7960 554 7 , , , 7960 554 8 F. F. NNP 7960 554 9 _ _ NNP 7960 554 10 Kunst Kunst NNP 7960 554 11 und und IN 7960 554 12 Leben Leben NNP 7960 554 13 i -PRON- PRP 7960 554 14 m be VBP 7960 554 15 Altertum Altertum NNP 7960 554 16 _ _ NNP 7960 554 17 ( ( -LRB- 7960 554 18 Vienna Vienna NNP 7960 554 19 , , , 7960 554 20 1909 1909 CD 7960 554 21 , , , 7960 554 22 F. F. NNP 7960 554 23 Tempsky Tempsky NNP 7960 554 24 ; ; : 7960 554 25 Leipzig Leipzig NNP 7960 554 26 , , , 7960 554 27 G. G. NNP 7960 554 28 Freytag Freytag NNP 7960 554 29 , , , 7960 554 30 4.40 4.40 CD 7960 554 31 marks mark NNS 7960 554 32 ) ) -RRB- 7960 554 33 . . . 7960 555 1 Osborne Osborne NNP 7960 555 2 , , , 7960 555 3 Duffield Duffield NNP 7960 555 4 . . . 7960 556 1 _ _ NNP 7960 556 2 Engraved Engraved NNP 7960 556 3 Gems Gems NNPS 7960 556 4 _ _ NNP 7960 556 5 ( ( -LRB- 7960 556 6 N. N. NNP 7960 556 7 Y. Y. NNP 7960 556 8 , , , 7960 556 9 1913 1913 CD 7960 556 10 , , , 7960 556 11 Holt Holt NNP 7960 556 12 , , , 7960 556 13 $ $ $ 7960 556 14 6.00 6.00 CD 7960 556 15 ) ) -RRB- 7960 556 16 . . . 7960 557 1 Parmentier parmenti JJR 7960 557 2 , , , 7960 557 3 A. a. NN 7960 558 1 _ _ NNP 7960 558 2 Album Album NNP 7960 558 3 historique historique NNP 7960 558 4 _ _ NNP 7960 558 5 ( ( -LRB- 7960 558 6 Paris Paris NNP 7960 558 7 , , , 7960 558 8 1894 1894 CD 7960 558 9 - - SYM 7960 558 10 1905 1905 CD 7960 558 11 , , , 7960 558 12 Colin Colin NNP 7960 558 13 , , , 7960 558 14 4 4 CD 7960 558 15 vols vol NNS 7960 558 16 . . . 7960 558 17 , , , 7960 558 18 each each DT 7960 558 19 15 15 CD 7960 558 20 francs franc NNS 7960 558 21 ) ) -RRB- 7960 558 22 . . . 7960 559 1 Illustrations illustration NNS 7960 559 2 covering cover VBG 7960 559 3 the the DT 7960 559 4 medieval medieval JJ 7960 559 5 and and CC 7960 559 6 modern modern JJ 7960 559 7 periods period NNS 7960 559 8 , , , 7960 559 9 with with IN 7960 559 10 descriptive descriptive JJ 7960 559 11 text text NN 7960 559 12 in in IN 7960 559 13 French French NNP 7960 559 14 . . . 7960 560 1 Rheinhard Rheinhard NNP 7960 560 2 , , , 7960 560 3 Hermann Hermann NNP 7960 560 4 . . . 7960 561 1 _ _ NNP 7960 561 2 Album Album NNP 7960 561 3 des des NNP 7960 561 4 klassischen klassischen NN 7960 561 5 Altertums Altertums NNPS 7960 561 6 _ _ NNP 7960 561 7 ( ( -LRB- 7960 561 8 Stuttgart Stuttgart NNP 7960 561 9 , , , 7960 561 10 1882 1882 CD 7960 561 11 , , , 7960 561 12 Hoffman Hoffman NNP 7960 561 13 , , , 7960 561 14 18 18 CD 7960 561 15 marks mark NNS 7960 561 16 ) ) -RRB- 7960 561 17 . . . 7960 562 1 72 72 CD 7960 562 2 pictures picture NNS 7960 562 3 in in IN 7960 562 4 colors color NNS 7960 562 5 . . . 7960 563 1 Rouse Rouse NNP 7960 563 2 , , , 7960 563 3 W. W. NNP 7960 563 4 H. H. NNP 7960 563 5 D. D. NNP 7960 563 6 _ _ NNP 7960 563 7 Atlas Atlas NNP 7960 563 8 of of IN 7960 563 9 Classical Classical NNP 7960 563 10 Portraits Portraits NNP 7960 563 11 . . . 7960 563 12 _ _ NNP 7960 563 13 Greek Greek NNP 7960 563 14 Section Section NNP 7960 563 15 , , , 7960 563 16 Roman Roman NNP 7960 563 17 Section Section NNP 7960 563 18 ( ( -LRB- 7960 563 19 London London NNP 7960 563 20 , , , 7960 563 21 1898 1898 CD 7960 563 22 , , , 7960 563 23 Dent Dent NNP 7960 563 24 , , , 7960 563 25 2 2 CD 7960 563 26 vols vol NNS 7960 563 27 . . . 7960 563 28 , , , 7960 563 29 each each DT 7960 563 30 1_s 1_s CD 7960 563 31 _ _ NNP 7960 563 32 . . . 7960 564 1 6_d 6_d CD 7960 564 2 _ _ NNP 7960 564 3 . . . 7960 564 4 ) ) -RRB- 7960 564 5 . . . 7960 565 1 Small small JJ 7960 565 2 , , , 7960 565 3 half half JJ 7960 565 4 - - HYPH 7960 565 5 tone tone NN 7960 565 6 engravings engraving NNS 7960 565 7 , , , 7960 565 8 accompanied accompany VBN 7960 565 9 by by IN 7960 565 10 brief brief JJ 7960 565 11 biographies biography NNS 7960 565 12 . . . 7960 566 1 Schreiber Schreiber NNP 7960 566 2 , , , 7960 566 3 Theodor Theodor NNP 7960 566 4 . . . 7960 567 1 _ _ NNP 7960 567 2 Atlas Atlas NNP 7960 567 3 of of IN 7960 567 4 Classical Classical NNP 7960 567 5 Antiquities Antiquities NNPS 7960 567 6 _ _ NNP 7960 567 7 ( ( -LRB- 7960 567 8 N. N. NNP 7960 567 9 Y. Y. NNP 7960 567 10 , , , 7960 567 11 1895 1895 CD 7960 567 12 , , , 7960 567 13 Macmillan Macmillan NNP 7960 567 14 , , , 7960 567 15 $ $ $ 7960 567 16 6.50 6.50 CD 7960 567 17 ) ) -RRB- 7960 567 18 . . . 7960 568 1 WORKS works NN 7960 568 2 OF of IN 7960 568 3 TRAVEL travel NN 7960 568 4 To to TO 7960 568 5 vitalize vitalize VB 7960 568 6 the the DT 7960 568 7 study study NN 7960 568 8 of of IN 7960 568 9 geography geography NN 7960 568 10 and and CC 7960 568 11 history history NN 7960 568 12 there there EX 7960 568 13 is be VBZ 7960 568 14 nothing nothing NN 7960 568 15 better well JJR 7960 568 16 than than IN 7960 568 17 the the DT 7960 568 18 reading reading NN 7960 568 19 of of IN 7960 568 20 modern modern JJ 7960 568 21 books book NNS 7960 568 22 of of IN 7960 568 23 travel travel NN 7960 568 24 . . . 7960 569 1 Among among IN 7960 569 2 these these DT 7960 569 3 may may MD 7960 569 4 be be VB 7960 569 5 mentioned mention VBN 7960 569 6 : : : 7960 569 7 Allinson Allinson NNP 7960 569 8 , , , 7960 569 9 F. F. NNP 7960 569 10 G. G. NNP 7960 569 11 and and CC 7960 569 12 Allinson Allinson NNP 7960 569 13 , , , 7960 569 14 Anne Anne NNP 7960 569 15 C. C. NNP 7960 569 16 E. E. NNP 7960 569 17 _ _ NNP 7960 569 18 Greek Greek NNP 7960 569 19 Lands Lands NNPS 7960 569 20 and and CC 7960 569 21 Letters Letters NNPS 7960 569 22 _ _ NNP 7960 569 23 ( ( -LRB- 7960 569 24 Boston Boston NNP 7960 569 25 , , , 7960 569 26 1909 1909 CD 7960 569 27 , , , 7960 569 28 Houghton Houghton NNP 7960 569 29 Mifflin Mifflin NNP 7960 569 30 Co. Co. NNP 7960 569 31 , , , 7960 569 32 $ $ $ 7960 569 33 2.50 2.50 CD 7960 569 34 ) ) -RRB- 7960 569 35 . . . 7960 570 1 An an DT 7960 570 2 entertaining entertaining JJ 7960 570 3 work work NN 7960 570 4 of of IN 7960 570 5 mingled mingled JJ 7960 570 6 history history NN 7960 570 7 and and CC 7960 570 8 geography geography NN 7960 570 9 . . . 7960 571 1 Barrows Barrows NNP 7960 571 2 , , , 7960 571 3 S. S. NNP 7960 571 4 J. J. NNP 7960 572 1 _ _ NNP 7960 572 2 The the DT 7960 572 3 Isles Isles NNPS 7960 572 4 and and CC 7960 572 5 Shrines Shrines NNPS 7960 572 6 of of IN 7960 572 7 Greece Greece NNP 7960 572 8 _ _ NNP 7960 572 9 ( ( -LRB- 7960 572 10 Boston Boston NNP 7960 572 11 , , , 7960 572 12 1898 1898 CD 7960 572 13 , , , 7960 572 14 Little little JJ 7960 572 15 , , , 7960 572 16 Brown Brown NNP 7960 572 17 , , , 7960 572 18 and and CC 7960 572 19 Co. Co. NNP 7960 572 20 , , , 7960 572 21 $ $ $ 7960 572 22 2.00 2.00 CD 7960 572 23 ) ) -RRB- 7960 572 24 . . . 7960 573 1 Clark Clark NNP 7960 573 2 , , , 7960 573 3 F. F. NNP 7960 573 4 E. E. NNP 7960 573 5 _ _ NNP 7960 573 6 The the DT 7960 573 7 Holy Holy NNP 7960 573 8 Land Land NNP 7960 573 9 of of IN 7960 573 10 Asia Asia NNP 7960 573 11 Minor Minor NNP 7960 573 12 _ _ NNP 7960 573 13 ( ( -LRB- 7960 573 14 N. N. NNP 7960 573 15 Y. Y. NNP 7960 573 16 , , , 7960 573 17 1914 1914 CD 7960 573 18 , , , 7960 573 19 Scribner Scribner NNP 7960 573 20 , , , 7960 573 21 $ $ $ 7960 573 22 1.00 1.00 CD 7960 573 23 ) ) -RRB- 7960 573 24 . . . 7960 574 1 Popular popular JJ 7960 574 2 sketches sketch NNS 7960 574 3 . . . 7960 575 1 Dunning Dunning NNP 7960 575 2 , , , 7960 575 3 H. H. NNP 7960 575 4 W. W. NNP 7960 575 5 _ _ NNP 7960 575 6 To To NNP 7960 575 7 - - HYPH 7960 575 8 day day NN 7960 575 9 on on IN 7960 575 10 the the DT 7960 575 11 Nile Nile NNP 7960 575 12 _ _ NNP 7960 575 13 ( ( -LRB- 7960 575 14 N. N. NNP 7960 575 15 Y. Y. NNP 7960 575 16 , , , 7960 575 17 1905 1905 CD 7960 575 18 , , , 7960 575 19 Pott Pott NNP 7960 575 20 , , , 7960 575 21 $ $ $ 7960 575 22 2.50 2.50 CD 7960 575 23 ) ) -RRB- 7960 575 24 . . . 7960 576 1 ------ ------ NFP 7960 576 2 _ _ NNP 7960 576 3 To To NNP 7960 576 4 - - HYPH 7960 576 5 day day NN 7960 576 6 in in IN 7960 576 7 Palestine Palestine NNP 7960 576 8 _ _ NNP 7960 576 9 ( ( -LRB- 7960 576 10 N. N. NNP 7960 576 11 Y. Y. NNP 7960 576 12 , , , 7960 576 13 1907 1907 CD 7960 576 14 , , , 7960 576 15 Pott Pott NNP 7960 576 16 , , , 7960 576 17 $ $ $ 7960 576 18 2.50 2.50 CD 7960 576 19 ) ) -RRB- 7960 576 20 . . . 7960 577 1 Dwight Dwight NNP 7960 577 2 , , , 7960 577 3 H. H. NNP 7960 577 4 G. G. NNP 7960 577 5 _ _ NNP 7960 577 6 Constantinople Constantinople NNP 7960 577 7 , , , 7960 577 8 Old Old NNP 7960 577 9 and and CC 7960 577 10 New New NNP 7960 577 11 _ _ NNP 7960 577 12 ( ( -LRB- 7960 577 13 N. N. NNP 7960 577 14 Y. Y. NNP 7960 577 15 , , , 7960 577 16 1915 1915 CD 7960 577 17 , , , 7960 577 18 Scribner Scribner NNP 7960 577 19 , , , 7960 577 20 $ $ $ 7960 577 21 5.00 5.00 CD 7960 577 22 ) ) -RRB- 7960 577 23 . . . 7960 578 1 Edwards Edwards NNP 7960 578 2 , , , 7960 578 3 Amelia Amelia NNP 7960 578 4 B. B. NNP 7960 579 1 _ _ NNP 7960 579 2 A a DT 7960 579 3 Thousand thousand CD 7960 579 4 Miles Miles NNP 7960 579 5 up up RP 7960 579 6 the the DT 7960 579 7 Nile Nile NNP 7960 579 8 _ _ NNP 7960 579 9 ( ( -LRB- 7960 579 10 2d 2d NNP 7960 579 11 ed ed NNP 7960 579 12 . . NNP 7960 579 13 , , , 7960 579 14 N. N. NNP 7960 579 15 Y. Y. NNP 7960 579 16 , , , 7960 579 17 1888 1888 CD 7960 579 18 , , , 7960 579 19 Dutton Dutton NNP 7960 579 20 , , , 7960 579 21 $ $ $ 7960 579 22 2.50 2.50 CD 7960 579 23 ) ) -RRB- 7960 579 24 . . . 7960 580 1 Forman Forman NNP 7960 580 2 , , , 7960 580 3 H. H. NNP 7960 580 4 J. J. NNP 7960 581 1 _ _ NNP 7960 581 2 The the DT 7960 581 3 Ideal Ideal NNP 7960 581 4 Italian Italian NNP 7960 581 5 Tour Tour NNP 7960 581 6 _ _ NNP 7960 581 7 ( ( -LRB- 7960 581 8 Boston Boston NNP 7960 581 9 , , , 7960 581 10 1911 1911 CD 7960 581 11 , , , 7960 581 12 Houghton Houghton NNP 7960 581 13 Mifflin Mifflin NNP 7960 581 14 Co. Co. NNP 7960 581 15 , , , 7960 581 16 $ $ $ 7960 581 17 1.50 1.50 CD 7960 581 18 ) ) -RRB- 7960 581 19 . . . 7960 582 1 A a DT 7960 582 2 brief brief JJ 7960 582 3 and and CC 7960 582 4 attractive attractive JJ 7960 582 5 volume volume NN 7960 582 6 covering cover VBG 7960 582 7 all all DT 7960 582 8 Italy Italy NNP 7960 582 9 . . . 7960 583 1 Hay hay RB 7960 583 2 , , , 7960 583 3 John John NNP 7960 583 4 . . . 7960 584 1 _ _ NNP 7960 584 2 Castilian Castilian NNP 7960 584 3 Days Days NNPS 7960 584 4 _ _ NNP 7960 584 5 ( ( -LRB- 7960 584 6 Boston Boston NNP 7960 584 7 , , , 7960 584 8 1871 1871 CD 7960 584 9 , , , 7960 584 10 Houghton Houghton NNP 7960 584 11 Mifflin Mifflin NNP 7960 584 12 Co. Co. NNP 7960 584 13 , , , 7960 584 14 $ $ $ 7960 584 15 1.25 1.25 CD 7960 584 16 ) ) -RRB- 7960 584 17 . . . 7960 585 1 Hutton Hutton NNP 7960 585 2 , , , 7960 585 3 Edward Edward NNP 7960 585 4 , , , 7960 585 5 _ _ NNP 7960 585 6 Rome Rome NNP 7960 585 7 _ _ NNP 7960 585 8 ( ( -LRB- 7960 585 9 N. N. NNP 7960 585 10 Y. Y. NNP 7960 585 11 , , , 7960 585 12 1909 1909 CD 7960 585 13 , , , 7960 585 14 Macmillan Macmillan NNP 7960 585 15 , , , 7960 585 16 $ $ $ 7960 585 17 2.00 2.00 CD 7960 585 18 ) ) -RRB- 7960 585 19 . . . 7960 586 1 Jackson Jackson NNP 7960 586 2 , , , 7960 586 3 A. A. NNP 7960 586 4 V. V. NNP 7960 586 5 W. W. NNP 7960 586 6 _ _ NNP 7960 586 7 Persia Persia NNP 7960 586 8 , , , 7960 586 9 Past Past NNP 7960 586 10 and and CC 7960 586 11 Present Present NNP 7960 586 12 _ _ NNP 7960 586 13 ( ( -LRB- 7960 586 14 N. N. NNP 7960 586 15 Y. Y. NNP 7960 586 16 , , , 7960 586 17 1906 1906 CD 7960 586 18 , , , 7960 586 19 Macmillan Macmillan NNP 7960 586 20 , , , 7960 586 21 $ $ $ 7960 586 22 4.00 4.00 CD 7960 586 23 ) ) -RRB- 7960 586 24 . . . 7960 587 1 Lucas Lucas NNP 7960 587 2 , , , 7960 587 3 E. E. NNP 7960 587 4 V. V. NNP 7960 587 5 _ _ NNP 7960 587 6 A A NNP 7960 587 7 Wanderer Wanderer NNP 7960 587 8 in in IN 7960 587 9 Florence Florence NNP 7960 587 10 _ _ NNP 7960 587 11 ( ( -LRB- 7960 587 12 N. N. NNP 7960 587 13 Y. Y. NNP 7960 587 14 , , , 7960 587 15 1912 1912 CD 7960 587 16 , , , 7960 587 17 Macmillan Macmillan NNP 7960 587 18 , , , 7960 587 19 $ $ $ 7960 587 20 1.75 1.75 CD 7960 587 21 ) ) -RRB- 7960 587 22 . . . 7960 588 1 Manatt Manatt NNP 7960 588 2 , , , 7960 588 3 J. J. NNP 7960 588 4 I. I. NNP 7960 589 1 _ _ NNP 7960 589 2 Aegean Aegean NNP 7960 589 3 Days Days NNPS 7960 589 4 _ _ NNP 7960 589 5 ( ( -LRB- 7960 589 6 Boston Boston NNP 7960 589 7 , , , 7960 589 8 1913 1913 CD 7960 589 9 , , , 7960 589 10 Houghton Houghton NNP 7960 589 11 Mifflin Mifflin NNP 7960 589 12 Co. Co. NNP 7960 589 13 , , , 7960 589 14 $ $ $ 7960 589 15 3.00 3.00 CD 7960 589 16 ) ) -RRB- 7960 589 17 . . . 7960 590 1 Describes describe VBZ 7960 590 2 the the DT 7960 590 3 most most RBS 7960 590 4 important important JJ 7960 590 5 islands island NNS 7960 590 6 of of IN 7960 590 7 the the DT 7960 590 8 Aegean Aegean NNP 7960 590 9 . . . 7960 591 1 Marden Marden NNP 7960 591 2 , , , 7960 591 3 P. P. NNP 7960 591 4 S. S. NNP 7960 591 5 _ _ NNP 7960 591 6 Greece Greece NNP 7960 591 7 and and CC 7960 591 8 the the DT 7960 591 9 Aegean Aegean NNP 7960 591 10 Islands Islands NNPS 7960 591 11 _ _ NNP 7960 591 12 ( ( -LRB- 7960 591 13 Boston Boston NNP 7960 591 14 , , , 7960 591 15 1907 1907 CD 7960 591 16 , , , 7960 591 17 Houghton Houghton NNP 7960 591 18 Mifflin Mifflin NNP 7960 591 19 Co. Co. NNP 7960 591 20 , , , 7960 591 21 $ $ $ 7960 591 22 3.00 3.00 CD 7960 591 23 ) ) -RRB- 7960 591 24 . . . 7960 592 1 Paton Paton NNP 7960 592 2 , , , 7960 592 3 W. W. NNP 7960 592 4 A. A. NNP 7960 593 1 _ _ NNP 7960 593 2 Picturesque Picturesque NNP 7960 593 3 Sicily Sicily NNP 7960 593 4 _ _ NNP 7960 593 5 ( ( -LRB- 7960 593 6 2d 2d NNP 7960 593 7 ed ed NNP 7960 593 8 . . NNP 7960 593 9 , , , 7960 593 10 N. N. NNP 7960 593 11 Y. Y. NNP 7960 593 12 , , , 7960 593 13 1902 1902 CD 7960 593 14 , , , 7960 593 15 Harper Harper NNP 7960 593 16 , , , 7960 593 17 $ $ $ 7960 593 18 2.50 2.50 CD 7960 593 19 ) ) -RRB- 7960 593 20 . . . 7960 594 1 Richardson Richardson NNP 7960 594 2 , , , 7960 594 3 R. R. NNP 7960 594 4 B. B. NNP 7960 595 1 _ _ NNP 7960 595 2 Vacation Vacation NNP 7960 595 3 Days Days NNPS 7960 595 4 in in IN 7960 595 5 Greece Greece NNP 7960 595 6 _ _ NNP 7960 595 7 ( ( -LRB- 7960 595 8 N. N. NNP 7960 595 9 Y. Y. NNP 7960 595 10 , , , 7960 595 11 1903 1903 CD 7960 595 12 , , , 7960 595 13 Scribner Scribner NNP 7960 595 14 , , , 7960 595 15 $ $ $ 7960 595 16 2.00 2.00 CD 7960 595 17 ) ) -RRB- 7960 595 18 . . . 7960 596 1 Warner Warner NNP 7960 596 2 , , , 7960 596 3 C. C. NNP 7960 596 4 D. D. NNP 7960 596 5 _ _ NNP 7960 596 6 In in IN 7960 596 7 the the DT 7960 596 8 Levant Levant NNP 7960 596 9 _ _ NNP 7960 596 10 ( ( -LRB- 7960 596 11 N. N. NNP 7960 596 12 Y. Y. NNP 7960 596 13 , , , 7960 596 14 1876 1876 CD 7960 596 15 , , , 7960 596 16 Harper Harper NNP 7960 596 17 , , , 7960 596 18 $ $ $ 7960 596 19 2.00 2.00 CD 7960 596 20 ) ) -RRB- 7960 596 21 . . . 7960 597 1 HISTORICAL HISTORICAL NNP 7960 597 2 FICTION FICTION VBD 7960 597 3 The the DT 7960 597 4 following follow VBG 7960 597 5 works work NNS 7960 597 6 of of IN 7960 597 7 historical historical JJ 7960 597 8 fiction fiction NN 7960 597 9 comprise comprise VBP 7960 597 10 only only RB 7960 597 11 a a DT 7960 597 12 selection selection NN 7960 597 13 from from IN 7960 597 14 a a DT 7960 597 15 very very RB 7960 597 16 large large JJ 7960 597 17 number number NN 7960 597 18 of of IN 7960 597 19 books book NNS 7960 597 20 suitable suitable JJ 7960 597 21 for for IN 7960 597 22 supplementary supplementary JJ 7960 597 23 reading reading NN 7960 597 24 . . . 7960 598 1 For for IN 7960 598 2 extended extended JJ 7960 598 3 bibliographies bibliography NNS 7960 598 4 see see VBP 7960 598 5 E. E. NNP 7960 598 6 A. A. NNP 7960 598 7 Baker Baker NNP 7960 598 8 , , , 7960 598 9 _ _ NNP 7960 598 10 A A NNP 7960 598 11 Guide Guide NNP 7960 598 12 to to IN 7960 598 13 Historical Historical NNP 7960 598 14 Fiction Fiction NNP 7960 598 15 _ _ NNP 7960 598 16 ( ( -LRB- 7960 598 17 new new NNP 7960 598 18 ed ed NNP 7960 598 19 . . NNP 7960 598 20 , , , 7960 598 21 N. N. NNP 7960 598 22 Y. Y. NNP 7960 598 23 , , , 7960 598 24 1914 1914 CD 7960 598 25 , , , 7960 598 26 Macmillan Macmillan NNP 7960 598 27 , , , 7960 598 28 $ $ $ 7960 598 29 6.00 6.00 CD 7960 598 30 ) ) -RRB- 7960 598 31 and and CC 7960 598 32 Jonathan Jonathan NNP 7960 598 33 Nield Nield NNP 7960 598 34 , , , 7960 598 35 _ _ NNP 7960 598 36 A A NNP 7960 598 37 Guide Guide NNP 7960 598 38 to to IN 7960 598 39 the the DT 7960 598 40 Best Best NNP 7960 598 41 Historical Historical NNP 7960 598 42 Novels Novels NNPS 7960 598 43 and and CC 7960 598 44 Tales Tales NNP 7960 598 45 _ _ NNP 7960 598 46 ( ( -LRB- 7960 598 47 3d 3d NNP 7960 598 48 ed ed NNP 7960 598 49 . . NNP 7960 598 50 , , , 7960 598 51 N. N. NNP 7960 598 52 Y. Y. NNP 7960 598 53 , , , 7960 598 54 1904 1904 CD 7960 598 55 , , , 7960 598 56 Putnam Putnam NNP 7960 598 57 , , , 7960 598 58 $ $ $ 7960 598 59 1.75 1.75 CD 7960 598 60 ) ) -RRB- 7960 598 61 . . . 7960 599 1 An an DT 7960 599 2 excellent excellent JJ 7960 599 3 list list NN 7960 599 4 of of IN 7960 599 5 historical historical JJ 7960 599 6 stories story NNS 7960 599 7 , , , 7960 599 8 especially especially RB 7960 599 9 designed design VBN 7960 599 10 for for IN 7960 599 11 children child NNS 7960 599 12 , , , 7960 599 13 will will MD 7960 599 14 be be VB 7960 599 15 found find VBN 7960 599 16 in in IN 7960 599 17 the the DT 7960 599 18 _ _ NNP 7960 599 19 Bibliography Bibliography NNP 7960 599 20 of of IN 7960 599 21 History History NNP 7960 599 22 for for IN 7960 599 23 Schools Schools NNPS 7960 599 24 and and CC 7960 599 25 Libraries Libraries NNPS 7960 599 26 _ _ NNP 7960 599 27 , , , 7960 599 28 parts part VBZ 7960 599 29 viii viii JJ 7960 599 30 - - HYPH 7960 599 31 ix ix NN 7960 599 32 . . . 7960 600 1 Bulwer Bulwer NNP 7960 600 2 - - HYPH 7960 600 3 Lytton Lytton NNP 7960 600 4 , , , 7960 600 5 Edward Edward NNP 7960 600 6 . . . 7960 601 1 _ _ NNP 7960 601 2 The the DT 7960 601 3 Last last JJ 7960 601 4 Days day NNS 7960 601 5 of of IN 7960 601 6 Pompeii Pompeii NNP 7960 601 7 _ _ NNP 7960 601 8 ( ( -LRB- 7960 601 9 Boston Boston NNP 7960 601 10 , , , 7960 601 11 1834 1834 CD 7960 601 12 , , , 7960 601 13 Little Little NNP 7960 601 14 , , , 7960 601 15 Brown Brown NNP 7960 601 16 , , , 7960 601 17 and and CC 7960 601 18 Co. Co. NNP 7960 601 19 , , , 7960 601 20 $ $ $ 7960 601 21 1.25 1.25 CD 7960 601 22 ) ) -RRB- 7960 601 23 . . . 7960 602 1 Champney Champney NNP 7960 602 2 , , , 7960 602 3 Elizabeth Elizabeth NNP 7960 602 4 W. W. NNP 7960 602 5 _ _ NNP 7960 602 6 The the DT 7960 602 7 Romance Romance NNP 7960 602 8 of of IN 7960 602 9 Imperial Imperial NNP 7960 602 10 Rome Rome NNP 7960 602 11 _ _ NNP 7960 602 12 ( ( -LRB- 7960 602 13 N. N. NNP 7960 602 14 Y. Y. NNP 7960 602 15 , , , 7960 602 16 1910 1910 CD 7960 602 17 , , , 7960 602 18 Putnam Putnam NNP 7960 602 19 , , , 7960 602 20 $ $ $ 7960 602 21 3.50 3.50 CD 7960 602 22 ) ) -RRB- 7960 602 23 . . . 7960 603 1 Church church NN 7960 603 2 , , , 7960 603 3 A. a. NN 7960 603 4 J. J. NNP 7960 604 1 _ _ NNP 7960 604 2 Roman Roman NNP 7960 604 3 Life Life NNP 7960 604 4 in in IN 7960 604 5 the the DT 7960 604 6 Days day NNS 7960 604 7 of of IN 7960 604 8 Cicero Cicero NNP 7960 604 9 _ _ NNP 7960 604 10 ( ( -LRB- 7960 604 11 N. N. NNP 7960 604 12 Y. Y. NNP 7960 604 13 , , , 7960 604 14 1883 1883 CD 7960 604 15 , , , 7960 604 16 Macmillan Macmillan NNP 7960 604 17 , , , 7960 604 18 50 50 CD 7960 604 19 cents cent NNS 7960 604 20 ) ) -RRB- 7960 604 21 . . . 7960 605 1 ------ ------ NFP 7960 605 2 _ _ NNP 7960 605 3 Stories Stories NNPS 7960 605 4 of of IN 7960 605 5 Charlemagne Charlemagne NNP 7960 605 6 and and CC 7960 605 7 the the DT 7960 605 8 Twelve Twelve NNP 7960 605 9 Peers Peers NNPS 7960 605 10 of of IN 7960 605 11 France France NNP 7960 605 12 _ _ NNP 7960 605 13 ( ( -LRB- 7960 605 14 N. N. NNP 7960 605 15 Y. Y. NNP 7960 605 16 , , , 7960 605 17 1902 1902 CD 7960 605 18 , , , 7960 605 19 Macmillan Macmillan NNP 7960 605 20 , , , 7960 605 21 $ $ $ 7960 605 22 1.75 1.75 CD 7960 605 23 ) ) -RRB- 7960 605 24 . . . 7960 606 1 Cox Cox NNP 7960 606 2 , , , 7960 606 3 G. G. NNP 7960 606 4 W. W. NNP 7960 606 5 _ _ NNP 7960 606 6 Tales Tales NNP 7960 606 7 of of IN 7960 606 8 Ancient Ancient NNP 7960 606 9 Greece Greece NNP 7960 606 10 _ _ NNP 7960 606 11 ( ( -LRB- 7960 606 12 Chicago Chicago NNP 7960 606 13 , , , 7960 606 14 1868 1868 CD 7960 606 15 , , , 7960 606 16 McClurg McClurg NNP 7960 606 17 , , , 7960 606 18 $ $ $ 7960 606 19 1.00 1.00 CD 7960 606 20 ) ) -RRB- 7960 606 21 . . . 7960 607 1 Dahn Dahn NNP 7960 607 2 , , , 7960 607 3 Felix Felix NNP 7960 607 4 , , , 7960 607 5 _ _ NNP 7960 607 6 Felicitas Felicitas NNP 7960 607 7 _ _ NNP 7960 607 8 ( ( -LRB- 7960 607 9 Chicago Chicago NNP 7960 607 10 , , , 7960 607 11 1883 1883 CD 7960 607 12 , , , 7960 607 13 McClurg McClurg NNP 7960 607 14 , , , 7960 607 15 75 75 CD 7960 607 16 cents cent NNS 7960 607 17 ) ) -RRB- 7960 607 18 . . . 7960 608 1 Rome Rome NNP 7960 608 2 , , , 7960 608 3 476 476 CD 7960 608 4 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 608 5 Doyle Doyle NNP 7960 608 6 , , , 7960 608 7 A. a. NN 7960 608 8 C. C. NNP 7960 608 9 _ _ NNP 7960 608 10 The the DT 7960 608 11 White White NNP 7960 608 12 Company Company NNP 7960 608 13 _ _ NNP 7960 608 14 ( ( -LRB- 7960 608 15 Boston Boston NNP 7960 608 16 , , , 7960 608 17 1890 1890 CD 7960 608 18 , , , 7960 608 19 Caldwell Caldwell NNP 7960 608 20 , , , 7960 608 21 75 75 CD 7960 608 22 cents cent NNS 7960 608 23 ) ) -RRB- 7960 608 24 . . . 7960 609 1 The the DT 7960 609 2 English English NNP 7960 609 3 in in IN 7960 609 4 France France NNP 7960 609 5 and and CC 7960 609 6 Castile Castile NNP 7960 609 7 , , , 7960 609 8 1366 1366 CD 7960 609 9 - - SYM 7960 609 10 1367 1367 CD 7960 609 11 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 609 12 Ebers Ebers NNPS 7960 609 13 , , , 7960 609 14 Georg Georg NNP 7960 609 15 , , , 7960 609 16 _ _ NNP 7960 609 17 Uarda Uarda NNP 7960 609 18 _ _ NNP 7960 609 19 ( ( -LRB- 7960 609 20 N. N. NNP 7960 609 21 Y. Y. NNP 7960 609 22 , , , 7960 609 23 1877 1877 CD 7960 609 24 , , , 7960 609 25 Appleton Appleton NNP 7960 609 26 , , , 7960 609 27 2 2 CD 7960 609 28 vols vol NNS 7960 609 29 . . . 7960 609 30 , , , 7960 609 31 $ $ $ 7960 609 32 1.50 1.50 CD 7960 609 33 ) ) -RRB- 7960 609 34 . . . 7960 610 1 Egypt Egypt NNP 7960 610 2 , , , 7960 610 3 fourteenth fourteenth JJ 7960 610 4 century century NN 7960 610 5 B.C. B.C. NNP 7960 611 1 Eliot Eliot NNP 7960 611 2 , , , 7960 611 3 George George NNP 7960 611 4 . . . 7960 612 1 _ _ NNP 7960 612 2 Romola Romola NNP 7960 612 3 _ _ NNP 7960 612 4 ( ( -LRB- 7960 612 5 N. N. NNP 7960 612 6 Y. Y. NNP 7960 612 7 , , , 7960 612 8 1863 1863 CD 7960 612 9 , , , 7960 612 10 Dutton Dutton NNP 7960 612 11 , , , 7960 612 12 35 35 CD 7960 612 13 cents cent NNS 7960 612 14 ) ) -RRB- 7960 612 15 . . . 7960 613 1 Florence Florence NNP 7960 613 2 and and CC 7960 613 3 Savonarola Savonarola NNP 7960 613 4 in in IN 7960 613 5 the the DT 7960 613 6 latter latter JJ 7960 613 7 part part NN 7960 613 8 of of IN 7960 613 9 the the DT 7960 613 10 fifteenth fifteenth JJ 7960 613 11 century century NN 7960 613 12 . . . 7960 614 1 Fénelon Fénelon NNP 7960 614 2 , , , 7960 614 3 François François NNP 7960 614 4 . . . 7960 615 1 _ _ NNP 7960 615 2 Adventures adventure NNS 7960 615 3 of of IN 7960 615 4 Telemachus Telemachus NNP 7960 615 5 _ _ NNP 7960 615 6 , , , 7960 615 7 translated translate VBN 7960 615 8 by by IN 7960 615 9 Dr. Dr. NNP 7960 615 10 Hawkesworth Hawkesworth NNP 7960 615 11 ( ( -LRB- 7960 615 12 Boston Boston NNP 7960 615 13 , , , 7960 615 14 Houghton Houghton NNP 7960 615 15 Mifflin Mifflin NNP 7960 615 16 Co. Co. NNP 7960 615 17 , , , 7960 615 18 $ $ $ 7960 615 19 2.25 2.25 CD 7960 615 20 ) ) -RRB- 7960 615 21 . . . 7960 616 1 Hale Hale NNP 7960 616 2 , , , 7960 616 3 E. E. NNP 7960 616 4 E. E. NNP 7960 616 5 _ _ NNP 7960 616 6 In in IN 7960 616 7 His -PRON- PRP$ 7960 616 8 Name name NN 7960 616 9 _ _ NNP 7960 616 10 ( ( -LRB- 7960 616 11 Boston Boston NNP 7960 616 12 , , , 7960 616 13 1873 1873 CD 7960 616 14 , , , 7960 616 15 Little Little NNP 7960 616 16 , , , 7960 616 17 Brown Brown NNP 7960 616 18 , , , 7960 616 19 and and CC 7960 616 20 Co. Co. NNP 7960 616 21 , , , 7960 616 22 $ $ $ 7960 616 23 1.00 1.00 CD 7960 616 24 ) ) -RRB- 7960 616 25 . . . 7960 617 1 The the DT 7960 617 2 Waldenses Waldenses NNPS 7960 617 3 about about RB 7960 617 4 1179 1179 CD 7960 617 5 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 617 6 Hardy Hardy NNP 7960 617 7 , , , 7960 617 8 A. A. NNP 7960 617 9 S. S. NNP 7960 617 10 _ _ NNP 7960 617 11 Passe Passe NNP 7960 617 12 Rose Rose NNP 7960 617 13 _ _ NNP 7960 617 14 ( ( -LRB- 7960 617 15 Boston Boston NNP 7960 617 16 , , , 7960 617 17 1889 1889 CD 7960 617 18 , , , 7960 617 19 Houghton Houghton NNP 7960 617 20 Mifflin Mifflin NNP 7960 617 21 Co. Co. NNP 7960 617 22 , , , 7960 617 23 $ $ $ 7960 617 24 1.25 1.25 CD 7960 617 25 ) ) -RRB- 7960 617 26 . . . 7960 618 1 Franks frank NNS 7960 618 2 and and CC 7960 618 3 Saxons Saxons NNPS 7960 618 4 of of IN 7960 618 5 Charlemagne Charlemagne NNP 7960 618 6 's 's POS 7960 618 7 time time NN 7960 618 8 . . . 7960 619 1 Hawthorne Hawthorne NNP 7960 619 2 , , , 7960 619 3 Nathaniel Nathaniel NNP 7960 619 4 . . . 7960 620 1 _ _ NNP 7960 620 2 The the DT 7960 620 3 Scarlet Scarlet NNP 7960 620 4 Letter Letter NNP 7960 620 5 _ _ NNP 7960 620 6 ( ( -LRB- 7960 620 7 N. N. NNP 7960 620 8 Y. Y. NNP 7960 620 9 , , , 7960 620 10 1850 1850 CD 7960 620 11 , , , 7960 620 12 Dutton Dutton NNP 7960 620 13 , , , 7960 620 14 35 35 CD 7960 620 15 cents cent NNS 7960 620 16 ) ) -RRB- 7960 620 17 . . . 7960 621 1 Massachusetts Massachusetts NNP 7960 621 2 in in IN 7960 621 3 the the DT 7960 621 4 seventeenth seventeenth JJ 7960 621 5 century century NN 7960 621 6 . . . 7960 622 1 Henty Henty NNP 7960 622 2 , , , 7960 622 3 G. G. NNP 7960 622 4 A. A. NNP 7960 623 1 _ _ NNP 7960 623 2 The the DT 7960 623 3 Young Young NNP 7960 623 4 Carthaginian Carthaginian NNP 7960 623 5 _ _ NNP 7960 623 6 ( ( -LRB- 7960 623 7 N. N. NNP 7960 623 8 Y. Y. NNP 7960 623 9 , , , 7960 623 10 1886 1886 CD 7960 623 11 , , , 7960 623 12 Scribner Scribner NNP 7960 623 13 , , , 7960 623 14 $ $ $ 7960 623 15 1.50 1.50 CD 7960 623 16 ) ) -RRB- 7960 623 17 . . . 7960 624 1 Second second JJ 7960 624 2 Punic Punic NNP 7960 624 3 War War NNP 7960 624 4 . . . 7960 625 1 Hugo Hugo NNP 7960 625 2 , , , 7960 625 3 Victor Victor NNP 7960 625 4 . . . 7960 626 1 _ _ NNP 7960 626 2 Notre Notre NNP 7960 626 3 Dame Dame NNP 7960 626 4 _ _ NNP 7960 626 5 ( ( -LRB- 7960 626 6 N. N. NNP 7960 626 7 Y. Y. NNP 7960 627 1 1831 1831 CD 7960 627 2 , , , 7960 627 3 Dutton Dutton NNP 7960 627 4 , , , 7960 627 5 35 35 CD 7960 627 6 cents cent NNS 7960 627 7 ) ) -RRB- 7960 627 8 . . . 7960 628 1 Paris Paris NNP 7960 628 2 , , , 7960 628 3 late late JJ 7960 628 4 fifteenth fifteenth JJ 7960 628 5 century century NN 7960 628 6 . . . 7960 629 1 Irving Irving NNP 7960 629 2 , , , 7960 629 3 Washington Washington NNP 7960 629 4 . . . 7960 630 1 _ _ NNP 7960 630 2 The the DT 7960 630 3 Alhambra Alhambra NNP 7960 630 4 _ _ NNP 7960 630 5 ( ( -LRB- 7960 630 6 N. N. NNP 7960 630 7 Y. Y. NNP 7960 630 8 , , , 7960 630 9 1832 1832 CD 7960 630 10 , , , 7960 630 11 Putnam Putnam NNP 7960 630 12 , , , 7960 630 13 $ $ $ 7960 630 14 1.00 1.00 CD 7960 630 15 ) ) -RRB- 7960 630 16 . . . 7960 631 1 Sketches sketch NNS 7960 631 2 of of IN 7960 631 3 the the DT 7960 631 4 Moors Moors NNPS 7960 631 5 and and CC 7960 631 6 Spaniards Spaniards NNPS 7960 631 7 . . . 7960 632 1 Jacobs Jacobs NNP 7960 632 2 , , , 7960 632 3 Joseph Joseph NNP 7960 632 4 ( ( -LRB- 7960 632 5 editor editor NN 7960 632 6 ) ) -RRB- 7960 632 7 . . . 7960 633 1 _ _ NNP 7960 633 2 The the DT 7960 633 3 Most most RBS 7960 633 4 Delectable delectable JJ 7960 633 5 History history NN 7960 633 6 of of IN 7960 633 7 Reynard Reynard NNP 7960 633 8 the the DT 7960 633 9 Fox Fox NNP 7960 633 10 _ _ NNP 7960 633 11 ( ( -LRB- 7960 633 12 N. N. NNP 7960 633 13 Y. Y. NNP 7960 633 14 , , , 7960 633 15 1895 1895 CD 7960 633 16 , , , 7960 633 17 Macmillan Macmillan NNP 7960 633 18 , , , 7960 633 19 $ $ $ 7960 633 20 1.50 1.50 CD 7960 633 21 ) ) -RRB- 7960 633 22 . . . 7960 634 1 Kingsley Kingsley NNP 7960 634 2 , , , 7960 634 3 Charles Charles NNP 7960 634 4 S. S. NNP 7960 634 5 _ _ NNP 7960 634 6 Hypatia Hypatia NNP 7960 634 7 _ _ NNP 7960 634 8 ( ( -LRB- 7960 634 9 N. N. NNP 7960 634 10 Y. Y. NNP 7960 634 11 , , , 7960 634 12 1853 1853 CD 7960 634 13 , , , 7960 634 14 Macmillan Macmillan NNP 7960 634 15 , , , 7960 634 16 $ $ $ 7960 634 17 1.25 1.25 CD 7960 634 18 ) ) -RRB- 7960 634 19 . . . 7960 635 1 Alexandria Alexandria NNP 7960 635 2 , , , 7960 635 3 391 391 CD 7960 635 4 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 635 5 ------ ------ : 7960 635 6 _ _ NNP 7960 635 7 Westward Westward NNP 7960 635 8 Ho Ho NNP 7960 635 9 ! ! . 7960 635 10 _ _ NNP 7960 635 11 ( ( -LRB- 7960 635 12 N. N. NNP 7960 635 13 Y. Y. NNP 7960 635 14 , , , 7960 635 15 1855 1855 CD 7960 635 16 , , , 7960 635 17 Button Button NNP 7960 635 18 , , , 7960 635 19 35 35 CD 7960 635 20 Cents cent NNS 7960 635 21 ) ) -RRB- 7960 635 22 . . . 7960 636 1 Voyages Voyages NNP 7960 636 2 of of IN 7960 636 3 Elizabethan Elizabethan NNP 7960 636 4 seamen seaman NNS 7960 636 5 and and CC 7960 636 6 the the DT 7960 636 7 struggle struggle NN 7960 636 8 with with IN 7960 636 9 Spain Spain NNP 7960 636 10 . . . 7960 637 1 Kipling Kipling NNP 7960 637 2 , , , 7960 637 3 Rudyard Rudyard NNP 7960 637 4 . . . 7960 638 1 _ _ NNP 7960 638 2 Puck Puck NNP 7960 638 3 of of IN 7960 638 4 Pooks Pooks NNP 7960 638 5 Hill Hill NNP 7960 638 6 _ _ NNP 7960 638 7 ( ( -LRB- 7960 638 8 N. N. NNP 7960 638 9 Y. Y. NNP 7960 638 10 , , , 7960 638 11 1906 1906 CD 7960 638 12 , , , 7960 638 13 Doubleday Doubleday NNP 7960 638 14 , , , 7960 638 15 Page Page NNP 7960 638 16 , , , 7960 638 17 and and CC 7960 638 18 Co. Co. NNP 7960 638 19 , , , 7960 638 20 $ $ $ 7960 638 21 1.50 1.50 CD 7960 638 22 ) ) -RRB- 7960 638 23 . . . 7960 639 1 Roman roman JJ 7960 639 2 occupation occupation NN 7960 639 3 of of IN 7960 639 4 Britain Britain NNP 7960 639 5 . . . 7960 640 1 Lang Lang NNP 7960 640 2 , , , 7960 640 3 Andrew Andrew NNP 7960 640 4 . . . 7960 641 1 _ _ NNP 7960 641 2 The the DT 7960 641 3 Monk Monk NNP 7960 641 4 of of IN 7960 641 5 Fife Fife NNP 7960 641 6 _ _ NNP 7960 641 7 ( ( -LRB- 7960 641 8 N. N. NNP 7960 641 9 Y. Y. NNP 7960 641 10 , , , 7960 641 11 1895 1895 CD 7960 641 12 , , , 7960 641 13 Longmans Longmans NNPS 7960 641 14 , , , 7960 641 15 Green Green NNP 7960 641 16 , , , 7960 641 17 and and CC 7960 641 18 Co. Co. NNP 7960 641 19 , , , 7960 641 20 $ $ $ 7960 641 21 1.25 1.25 CD 7960 641 22 ) ) -RRB- 7960 641 23 . . . 7960 642 1 The the DT 7960 642 2 Maid Maid NNP 7960 642 3 of of IN 7960 642 4 Orleans Orleans NNP 7960 642 5 and and CC 7960 642 6 the the DT 7960 642 7 Hundred hundred CD 7960 642 8 Years Years NNPS 7960 642 9 ' ' POS 7960 642 10 War war NN 7960 642 11 . . . 7960 643 1 Lane Lane NNP 7960 643 2 , , , 7960 643 3 E. E. NNP 7960 643 4 W. W. NNP 7960 643 5 ( ( -LRB- 7960 643 6 translator translator NN 7960 643 7 ) ) -RRB- 7960 643 8 . . . 7960 644 1 _ _ NNP 7960 644 2 The the DT 7960 644 3 Arabian Arabian NNP 7960 644 4 Nights Nights NNPS 7960 644 5 ' ' POS 7960 644 6 Entertainments Entertainments NNPS 7960 644 7 _ _ NNP 7960 644 8 ( ( -LRB- 7960 644 9 2d 2d NNP 7960 644 10 ed ed NNP 7960 644 11 . . NNP 7960 644 12 , , , 7960 644 13 N. N. NNP 7960 644 14 Y. Y. NNP 7960 644 15 , , , 7960 644 16 1859 1859 CD 7960 644 17 , , , 7960 644 18 Macmillan Macmillan NNP 7960 644 19 , , , 7960 644 20 35 35 CD 7960 644 21 cents cent NNS 7960 644 22 ) ) -RRB- 7960 644 23 . . . 7960 645 1 London London NNP 7960 645 2 , , , 7960 645 3 Jack Jack NNP 7960 645 4 . . . 7960 646 1 _ _ NNP 7960 646 2 Before before IN 7960 646 3 Adam Adam NNP 7960 646 4 _ _ NNP 7960 646 5 ( ( -LRB- 7960 646 6 N. N. NNP 7960 646 7 Y. Y. NNP 7960 646 8 , , , 7960 646 9 1907 1907 CD 7960 646 10 , , , 7960 646 11 Macmillan Macmillan NNP 7960 646 12 , , , 7960 646 13 $ $ $ 7960 646 14 1.50 1.50 CD 7960 646 15 ) ) -RRB- 7960 646 16 . . . 7960 647 1 Prehistoric prehistoric JJ 7960 647 2 life life NN 7960 647 3 . . . 7960 648 1 Manzoni Manzoni NNP 7960 648 2 , , , 7960 648 3 Alessandro Alessandro NNP 7960 648 4 . . . 7960 649 1 _ _ NNP 7960 649 2 The the DT 7960 649 3 Betrothed Betrothed NNP 7960 649 4 _ _ NNP 7960 649 5 ( ( -LRB- 7960 649 6 N. N. NNP 7960 649 7 Y. Y. NNP 7960 649 8 , , , 7960 649 9 1825 1825 CD 7960 649 10 , , , 7960 649 11 Macmillan Macmillan NNP 7960 649 12 , , , 7960 649 13 2 2 CD 7960 649 14 vols vol NNS 7960 649 15 . . . 7960 649 16 , , , 7960 649 17 70 70 CD 7960 649 18 cents cent NNS 7960 649 19 ) ) -RRB- 7960 649 20 . . . 7960 650 1 Milan Milan NNP 7960 650 2 under under IN 7960 650 3 Spanish spanish JJ 7960 650 4 rule rule NN 7960 650 5 , , , 7960 650 6 1628 1628 CD 7960 650 7 - - SYM 7960 650 8 1630 1630 CD 7960 650 9 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 650 10 Mason Mason NNP 7960 650 11 , , , 7960 650 12 Eugene Eugene NNP 7960 650 13 ( ( -LRB- 7960 650 14 translator translator NN 7960 650 15 ) ) -RRB- 7960 650 16 . . . 7960 651 1 _ _ NNP 7960 651 2 Aucassin Aucassin NNP 7960 651 3 and and CC 7960 651 4 Nicolette Nicolette NNP 7960 651 5 and and CC 7960 651 6 other other JJ 7960 651 7 Medieval Medieval NNP 7960 651 8 Romances Romances NNPS 7960 651 9 , , , 7960 651 10 and and CC 7960 651 11 Legends Legends NNPS 7960 651 12 _ _ NNP 7960 651 13 ( ( -LRB- 7960 651 14 N. N. NNP 7960 651 15 Y. Y. NNP 7960 651 16 , , , 7960 651 17 1910 1910 CD 7960 651 18 , , , 7960 651 19 Dutton Dutton NNP 7960 651 20 , , , 7960 651 21 35 35 CD 7960 651 22 cents cent NNS 7960 651 23 ) ) -RRB- 7960 651 24 . . . 7960 652 1 Newman Newman NNP 7960 652 2 , , , 7960 652 3 J. J. NNP 7960 652 4 H. H. NNP 7960 652 5 _ _ NNP 7960 652 6 Callista Callista NNP 7960 652 7 _ _ NNP 7960 652 8 ( ( -LRB- 7960 652 9 N. N. NNP 7960 652 10 Y. Y. NNP 7960 652 11 , , , 7960 652 12 1856 1856 CD 7960 652 13 , , , 7960 652 14 Longmans Longmans NNPS 7960 652 15 , , , 7960 652 16 Green Green NNP 7960 652 17 , , , 7960 652 18 and and CC 7960 652 19 Co. Co. NNP 7960 652 20 , , , 7960 652 21 $ $ $ 7960 652 22 1.25 1.25 CD 7960 652 23 ) ) -RRB- 7960 652 24 . . . 7960 653 1 Persecution persecution NN 7960 653 2 of of IN 7960 653 3 Christians Christians NNPS 7960 653 4 in in IN 7960 653 5 North North NNP 7960 653 6 Africa Africa NNP 7960 653 7 , , , 7960 653 8 250 250 CD 7960 653 9 A.D. a.d. NN 7960 653 10 Reade Reade NNP 7960 653 11 , , , 7960 653 12 Charles Charles NNP 7960 653 13 . . . 7960 654 1 _ _ NNP 7960 654 2 The the DT 7960 654 3 Cloister Cloister NNP 7960 654 4 and and CC 7960 654 5 the the DT 7960 654 6 Hearth Hearth NNP 7960 654 7 _ _ NNP 7960 654 8 ( ( -LRB- 7960 654 9 N. N. NNP 7960 654 10 Y. Y. NNP 7960 654 11 , , , 7960 654 12 1861 1861 CD 7960 654 13 , , , 7960 654 14 Dutton Dutton NNP 7960 654 15 , , , 7960 654 16 35 35 CD 7960 654 17 cents cent NNS 7960 654 18 ) ) -RRB- 7960 654 19 . . . 7960 655 1 Eve Eve NNP 7960 655 2 of of IN 7960 655 3 the the DT 7960 655 4 Reformation Reformation NNP 7960 655 5 . . . 7960 656 1 Scheffel Scheffel NNP 7960 656 2 , , , 7960 656 3 J. J. NNP 7960 657 1 Von Von NNP 7960 657 2 . . . 7960 658 1 _ _ NNP 7960 658 2 Ekkehard Ekkehard NNP 7960 658 3 _ _ NNP 7960 658 4 , , , 7960 658 5 translated translate VBN 7960 658 6 by by IN 7960 658 7 Helena Helena NNP 7960 658 8 Easson Easson NNP 7960 658 9 ( ( -LRB- 7960 658 10 N. N. NNP 7960 658 11 Y. Y. NNP 7960 658 12 , , , 7960 658 13 1857 1857 CD 7960 658 14 , , , 7960 658 15 Dutton Dutton NNP 7960 658 16 , , , 7960 658 17 35 35 CD 7960 658 18 cents cent NNS 7960 658 19 ) ) -RRB- 7960 658 20 . . . 7960 659 1 Germany Germany NNP 7960 659 2 in in IN 7960 659 3 the the DT 7960 659 4 tenth tenth JJ 7960 659 5 century century NN 7960 659 6 . . . 7960 660 1 Scott Scott NNP 7960 660 2 , , , 7960 660 3 ( ( -LRB- 7960 660 4 Sir Sir NNP 7960 660 5 ) ) -RRB- 7960 660 6 Walter Walter NNP 7960 660 7 . . . 7960 661 1 _ _ NNP 7960 661 2 The the DT 7960 661 3 Talisman Talisman NNP 7960 661 4 _ _ NNP 7960 661 5 ( ( -LRB- 7960 661 6 N. N. NNP 7960 661 7 Y. Y. NNP 7960 661 8 , , , 7960 661 9 1825 1825 CD 7960 661 10 , , , 7960 661 11 Dutton Dutton NNP 7960 661 12 , , , 7960 661 13 35 35 CD 7960 661 14 cents cent NNS 7960 661 15 ) ) -RRB- 7960 661 16 . . . 7960 662 1 Reign Reign NNP 7960 662 2 of of IN 7960 662 3 Richard Richard NNP 7960 662 4 I I NNP 7960 662 5 , , , 7960 662 6 1193 1193 CD 7960 662 7 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 662 8 ------ ------ : 7960 662 9 Ivanhoe Ivanhoe NNP 7960 662 10 ( ( -LRB- 7960 662 11 N. N. NNP 7960 662 12 Y. Y. NNP 7960 662 13 , , , 7960 662 14 Heath Heath NNP 7960 662 15 , , , 7960 662 16 50 50 CD 7960 662 17 cents cent NNS 7960 662 18 ) ) -RRB- 7960 662 19 . . . 7960 663 1 Richard Richard NNP 7960 663 2 I I NNP 7960 663 3 , , , 7960 663 4 1194 1194 CD 7960 663 5 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 663 6 Sienkiewicz Sienkiewicz NNP 7960 663 7 , , , 7960 663 8 Henryk Henryk NNP 7960 663 9 . . . 7960 664 1 _ _ NNP 7960 664 2 Quo Quo NNP 7960 664 3 Vadis Vadis NNP 7960 664 4 ? ? . 7960 664 5 _ _ NNP 7960 664 6 ( ( -LRB- 7960 664 7 Boston Boston NNP 7960 664 8 , , , 7960 664 9 1896 1896 CD 7960 664 10 , , , 7960 664 11 Little Little NNP 7960 664 12 , , , 7960 664 13 Brown Brown NNP 7960 664 14 , , , 7960 664 15 and and CC 7960 664 16 Co. Co. NNP 7960 664 17 , , , 7960 664 18 $ $ $ 7960 664 19 2.00 2.00 CD 7960 664 20 ) ) -RRB- 7960 664 21 . . . 7960 665 1 Reign Reign NNP 7960 665 2 of of IN 7960 665 3 Nero Nero NNP 7960 665 4 . . . 7960 666 1 Stevenson Stevenson NNP 7960 666 2 , , , 7960 666 3 R. R. NNP 7960 666 4 L. L. NNP 7960 666 5 _ _ NNP 7960 666 6 The the DT 7960 666 7 Black Black NNP 7960 666 8 Arrow Arrow NNP 7960 666 9 _ _ NNP 7960 666 10 ( ( -LRB- 7960 666 11 N. N. NNP 7960 666 12 Y. Y. NNP 7960 666 13 , , , 7960 666 14 1888 1888 CD 7960 666 15 , , , 7960 666 16 Scribner Scribner NNP 7960 666 17 , , , 7960 666 18 $ $ $ 7960 666 19 1.00 1.00 CD 7960 666 20 ) ) -RRB- 7960 666 21 . . . 7960 667 1 War War NNP 7960 667 2 of of IN 7960 667 3 the the DT 7960 667 4 Roses Roses NNPS 7960 667 5 . . . 7960 668 1 " " `` 7960 668 2 Twain Twain NNP 7960 668 3 , , , 7960 668 4 Mark Mark NNP 7960 668 5 . . . 7960 668 6 " " '' 7960 669 1 _ _ NNP 7960 669 2 A a DT 7960 669 3 Connecticut Connecticut NNP 7960 669 4 Yankee Yankee NNP 7960 669 5 at at IN 7960 669 6 the the DT 7960 669 7 Court Court NNP 7960 669 8 of of IN 7960 669 9 King King NNP 7960 669 10 Arthur Arthur NNP 7960 669 11 _ _ NNP 7960 669 12 ( ( -LRB- 7960 669 13 N. N. NNP 7960 669 14 Y. Y. NNP 7960 669 15 , , , 7960 669 16 1889 1889 CD 7960 669 17 , , , 7960 669 18 Harper Harper NNP 7960 669 19 , , , 7960 669 20 $ $ $ 7960 669 21 1.75 1.75 CD 7960 669 22 ) ) -RRB- 7960 669 23 . . . 7960 670 1 Wallace Wallace NNP 7960 670 2 , , , 7960 670 3 Lew Lew NNP 7960 670 4 . . . 7960 671 1 _ _ NNP 7960 671 2 Ben Ben NNP 7960 671 3 - - HYPH 7960 671 4 Hur Hur NNP 7960 671 5 ; ; : 7960 671 6 a a DT 7960 671 7 Tale Tale NNP 7960 671 8 of of IN 7960 671 9 the the DT 7960 671 10 Christ Christ NNP 7960 671 11 _ _ NNP 7960 671 12 ( ( -LRB- 7960 671 13 N. N. NNP 7960 671 14 Y. Y. NNP 7960 671 15 , , , 7960 671 16 1880 1880 CD 7960 671 17 , , , 7960 671 18 Harper Harper NNP 7960 671 19 , , , 7960 671 20 $ $ $ 7960 671 21 1.50 1.50 CD 7960 671 22 ) ) -RRB- 7960 671 23 . . . 7960 672 1 Waterloo Waterloo NNP 7960 672 2 , , , 7960 672 3 Stanley Stanley NNP 7960 672 4 . . . 7960 673 1 _ _ NNP 7960 673 2 The the DT 7960 673 3 Story Story NNP 7960 673 4 of of IN 7960 673 5 Ab Ab NNP 7960 673 6 _ _ NNP 7960 673 7 ( ( -LRB- 7960 673 8 2d 2d NNP 7960 673 9 ed ed NNP 7960 673 10 . . NNP 7960 673 11 , , , 7960 673 12 N. N. NNP 7960 673 13 Y. Y. NNP 7960 673 14 , , , 7960 673 15 1905 1905 CD 7960 673 16 , , , 7960 673 17 Doubleday Doubleday NNP 7960 673 18 , , , 7960 673 19 Page Page NNP 7960 673 20 , , , 7960 673 21 and and CC 7960 673 22 Co. Co. NNP 7960 673 23 , , , 7960 673 24 $ $ $ 7960 673 25 1.50 1.50 CD 7960 673 26 ) ) -RRB- 7960 673 27 . . . 7960 674 1 Prehistoric prehistoric JJ 7960 674 2 life life NN 7960 674 3 . . . 7960 675 1 HISTORICAL HISTORICAL NNP 7960 675 2 POETRY POETRY NNS 7960 675 3 It -PRON- PRP 7960 675 4 is be VBZ 7960 675 5 unnecessary unnecessary JJ 7960 675 6 to to TO 7960 675 7 emphasize emphasize VB 7960 675 8 the the DT 7960 675 9 value value NN 7960 675 10 , , , 7960 675 11 as as IN 7960 675 12 collateral collateral JJ 7960 675 13 reading reading NN 7960 675 14 , , , 7960 675 15 of of IN 7960 675 16 historical historical JJ 7960 675 17 poems poem NNS 7960 675 18 and and CC 7960 675 19 plays play NNS 7960 675 20 . . . 7960 676 1 To to IN 7960 676 2 the the DT 7960 676 3 brief brief JJ 7960 676 4 list list NN 7960 676 5 which which WDT 7960 676 6 follows follow VBZ 7960 676 7 should should MD 7960 676 8 be be VB 7960 676 9 added add VBN 7960 676 10 the the DT 7960 676 11 material material NN 7960 676 12 in in IN 7960 676 13 Katharine Katharine NNP 7960 676 14 Lee Lee NNP 7960 676 15 Bates Bates NNP 7960 676 16 and and CC 7960 676 17 Katharine Katharine NNP 7960 676 18 Coman Coman NNP 7960 676 19 , , , 7960 676 20 _ _ NNP 7960 676 21 English English NNP 7960 676 22 History History NNP 7960 676 23 told tell VBN 7960 676 24 by by IN 7960 676 25 English English NNP 7960 676 26 Poets Poets NNPS 7960 676 27 _ _ NNP 7960 676 28 ( ( -LRB- 7960 676 29 N. N. NNP 7960 676 30 Y. Y. NNP 7960 676 31 , , , 7960 676 32 1902 1902 CD 7960 676 33 , , , 7960 676 34 Macmillan Macmillan NNP 7960 676 35 , , , 7960 676 36 60 60 CD 7960 676 37 cents cent NNS 7960 676 38 ) ) -RRB- 7960 676 39 . . . 7960 677 1 Browning Browning NNP 7960 677 2 , , , 7960 677 3 Robert Robert NNP 7960 677 4 . . . 7960 678 1 _ _ NNP 7960 678 2 Echetlos Echetlos NNP 7960 678 3 and and CC 7960 678 4 Pheidippides Pheidippides NNPS 7960 678 5 . . . 7960 678 6 _ _ NNP 7960 678 7 Burns Burns NNP 7960 678 8 , , , 7960 678 9 Robert Robert NNP 7960 678 10 . . . 7960 679 1 _ _ NNP 7960 679 2 The the DT 7960 679 3 Battle Battle NNP 7960 679 4 of of IN 7960 679 5 Bannockburn Bannockburn NNP 7960 679 6 . . . 7960 679 7 _ _ NNP 7960 679 8 Byron Byron NNP 7960 679 9 ( ( -LRB- 7960 679 10 Lord Lord NNP 7960 679 11 ) ) -RRB- 7960 679 12 . . . 7960 680 1 _ _ NNP 7960 680 2 Song Song NNP 7960 680 3 of of IN 7960 680 4 Saul Saul NNP 7960 680 5 before before IN 7960 680 6 His -PRON- PRP$ 7960 680 7 Last last JJ 7960 680 8 Battle Battle NNP 7960 680 9 , , , 7960 680 10 The the DT 7960 680 11 Destruction Destruction NNP 7960 680 12 of of IN 7960 680 13 Sennacherib Sennacherib NNP 7960 680 14 , , , 7960 680 15 Belshazzar Belshazzar NNP 7960 680 16 's 's POS 7960 680 17 Feast Feast NNP 7960 680 18 , , , 7960 680 19 Prometheus Prometheus NNP 7960 680 20 , , , 7960 680 21 _ _ NNP 7960 680 22 " " `` 7960 680 23 Greece Greece NNP 7960 680 24 " " '' 7960 680 25 ( ( -LRB- 7960 680 26 _ _ NNP 7960 680 27 The the DT 7960 680 28 Corsair Corsair NNP 7960 680 29 _ _ NNP 7960 680 30 , , , 7960 680 31 canto canto NNP 7960 680 32 iii iii NNP 7960 680 33 , , , 7960 680 34 lines line NNS 7960 680 35 1 1 CD 7960 680 36 - - SYM 7960 680 37 54 54 CD 7960 680 38 ) ) -RRB- 7960 680 39 , , , 7960 680 40 " " `` 7960 680 41 Modern modern JJ 7960 680 42 Greece Greece NNP 7960 680 43 " " '' 7960 680 44 ( ( -LRB- 7960 680 45 _ _ NNP 7960 680 46 Childe Childe NNP 7960 680 47 Harold Harold NNP 7960 680 48 _ _ NNP 7960 680 49 , , , 7960 680 50 canto canto NNP 7960 680 51 ii ii NNP 7960 680 52 , , , 7960 680 53 stanzas stanzas NNP 7960 680 54 85 85 CD 7960 680 55 - - SYM 7960 680 56 91 91 CD 7960 680 57 ) ) -RRB- 7960 680 58 , , , 7960 680 59 " " `` 7960 680 60 The the DT 7960 680 61 Death Death NNP 7960 680 62 of of IN 7960 680 63 Greece Greece NNP 7960 680 64 " " '' 7960 680 65 ( ( -LRB- 7960 680 66 _ _ NNP 7960 680 67 The the DT 7960 680 68 Giaour Giaour NNP 7960 680 69 _ _ NNP 7960 680 70 , , , 7960 680 71 lines line NNS 7960 680 72 68 68 CD 7960 680 73 - - SYM 7960 680 74 141 141 CD 7960 680 75 ) ) -RRB- 7960 680 76 , , , 7960 680 77 " " `` 7960 680 78 The the DT 7960 680 79 Isles Isles NNPS 7960 680 80 of of IN 7960 680 81 Greece Greece NNP 7960 680 82 " " '' 7960 680 83 ( ( -LRB- 7960 680 84 _ _ NNP 7960 680 85 Don Don NNP 7960 680 86 Juan Juan NNP 7960 680 87 _ _ NNP 7960 680 88 , , , 7960 680 89 canto canto NNP 7960 680 90 in in IN 7960 680 91 ) ) -RRB- 7960 680 92 , , , 7960 680 93 and and CC 7960 680 94 " " `` 7960 680 95 The the DT 7960 680 96 Colosseum Colosseum NNP 7960 680 97 " " '' 7960 680 98 ( ( -LRB- 7960 680 99 _ _ NNP 7960 680 100 Childe Childe NNP 7960 680 101 Harold Harold NNP 7960 680 102 _ _ NNP 7960 680 103 , , , 7960 680 104 canto canto NNP 7960 680 105 iv iv NNP 7960 680 106 , , , 7960 680 107 stanzas stanzas NNP 7960 680 108 140 140 CD 7960 680 109 - - SYM 7960 680 110 145 145 CD 7960 680 111 ) ) -RRB- 7960 680 112 . . . 7960 681 1 Clough Clough NNP 7960 681 2 , , , 7960 681 3 A. a. NN 7960 681 4 H. H. NNP 7960 681 5 _ _ NNP 7960 681 6 Columbus Columbus NNP 7960 681 7 _ _ NNP 7960 681 8 . . . 7960 682 1 Coleridge Coleridge NNP 7960 682 2 , , , 7960 682 3 S. S. NNP 7960 682 4 T. T. NNP 7960 682 5 _ _ NNP 7960 682 6 Kubla Kubla NNP 7960 682 7 Khan Khan NNP 7960 682 8 _ _ NNP 7960 682 9 . . . 7960 683 1 Domett Domett NNP 7960 683 2 , , , 7960 683 3 Alfred Alfred NNP 7960 683 4 . . . 7960 684 1 _ _ NNP 7960 684 2 A a DT 7960 684 3 Christmas Christmas NNP 7960 684 4 Hymn Hymn NNP 7960 684 5 _ _ NNP 7960 684 6 Drayton Drayton NNP 7960 684 7 , , , 7960 684 8 Michael Michael NNP 7960 684 9 . . . 7960 685 1 _ _ NNP 7960 685 2 The the DT 7960 685 3 Battle Battle NNP 7960 685 4 of of IN 7960 685 5 Agincourt Agincourt NNP 7960 685 6 . . . 7960 685 7 _ _ NNP 7960 685 8 Dryden Dryden NNP 7960 685 9 , , , 7960 685 10 John John NNP 7960 685 11 . . . 7960 686 1 _ _ NNP 7960 686 2 Alexander Alexander NNP 7960 686 3 's 's POS 7960 686 4 Feast Feast NNP 7960 686 5 . . . 7960 686 6 _ _ NNP 7960 686 7 Jonson Jonson NNP 7960 686 8 , , , 7960 686 9 Ben Ben NNP 7960 686 10 . . . 7960 687 1 _ _ NNP 7960 687 2 Hymn Hymn NNP 7960 687 3 to to IN 7960 687 4 Diana Diana NNP 7960 687 5 . . . 7960 687 6 _ _ NNP 7960 687 7 Keats Keats NNP 7960 687 8 , , , 7960 687 9 John John NNP 7960 687 10 . . . 7960 688 1 _ _ NNP 7960 688 2 Ode Ode NNP 7960 688 3 on on IN 7960 688 4 a a DT 7960 688 5 Grecian Grecian NNP 7960 688 6 Urn Urn NNP 7960 688 7 . . . 7960 688 8 _ _ NNP 7960 688 9 Kingsley Kingsley NNP 7960 688 10 , , , 7960 688 11 Charles Charles NNP 7960 688 12 . . . 7960 689 1 _ _ NNP 7960 689 2 Andromeda Andromeda NNP 7960 689 3 and and CC 7960 689 4 The the DT 7960 689 5 Red Red NNP 7960 689 6 King King NNP 7960 689 7 . . . 7960 689 8 _ _ NNP 7960 689 9 Landor Landor NNP 7960 689 10 , , , 7960 689 11 W. W. NNP 7960 689 12 S. S. NNP 7960 689 13 _ _ NNP 7960 689 14 Orpheus Orpheus NNP 7960 689 15 and and CC 7960 689 16 Eurydice Eurydice NNP 7960 689 17 . . . 7960 689 18 _ _ NNP 7960 689 19 Longfellow Longfellow NNP 7960 689 20 , , , 7960 689 21 H. H. NNP 7960 689 22 W. W. NNP 7960 689 23 " " `` 7960 689 24 The the DT 7960 689 25 Saga Saga NNP 7960 689 26 of of IN 7960 689 27 King King NNP 7960 689 28 Olaf Olaf NNP 7960 689 29 " " '' 7960 689 30 ( ( -LRB- 7960 689 31 _ _ NNP 7960 689 32 Tales Tales NNP 7960 689 33 of of IN 7960 689 34 a a DT 7960 689 35 Wayside Wayside NNP 7960 689 36 Inn Inn NNP 7960 689 37 _ _ NNP 7960 689 38 ) ) -RRB- 7960 689 39 and and CC 7960 689 40 _ _ NNP 7960 689 41 The the DT 7960 689 42 Skeleton Skeleton NNP 7960 689 43 in in IN 7960 689 44 Armor Armor NNP 7960 689 45 . . . 7960 689 46 _ _ NNP 7960 689 47 Lowell Lowell NNP 7960 689 48 , , , 7960 689 49 J. J. NNP 7960 689 50 R. R. NNP 7960 689 51 _ _ NNP 7960 689 52 Rhoecus Rhoecus NNP 7960 689 53 _ _ NNP 7960 689 54 and and CC 7960 689 55 _ _ NNP 7960 689 56 The the DT 7960 689 57 Shepherd Shepherd NNP 7960 689 58 of of IN 7960 689 59 King King NNP 7960 689 60 Admetus Admetus NNP 7960 689 61 . . . 7960 689 62 _ _ NNP 7960 689 63 Macaulay Macaulay NNP 7960 689 64 , , , 7960 689 65 T. T. NNP 7960 689 66 B. B. NNP 7960 690 1 _ _ NNP 7960 690 2 Lays Lays NNPS 7960 690 3 of of IN 7960 690 4 Ancient Ancient NNP 7960 690 5 Rome Rome NNP 7960 690 6 _ _ NNP 7960 690 7 ( ( -LRB- 7960 690 8 " " `` 7960 690 9 Horatius Horatius NNP 7960 690 10 , , , 7960 690 11 " " '' 7960 690 12 " " `` 7960 690 13 Virginia Virginia NNP 7960 690 14 , , , 7960 690 15 " " '' 7960 690 16 " " `` 7960 690 17 The the DT 7960 690 18 Battle Battle NNP 7960 690 19 of of IN 7960 690 20 Lake Lake NNP 7960 690 21 Regillus Regillus NNP 7960 690 22 , , , 7960 690 23 " " '' 7960 690 24 and and CC 7960 690 25 " " `` 7960 690 26 The the DT 7960 690 27 Prophecy Prophecy NNP 7960 690 28 of of IN 7960 690 29 Capys Capys NNP 7960 690 30 " " '' 7960 690 31 ) ) -RRB- 7960 690 32 , , , 7960 690 33 _ _ NNP 7960 690 34 The the DT 7960 690 35 Armada Armada NNP 7960 690 36 _ _ NNP 7960 690 37 , , , 7960 690 38 and and CC 7960 690 39 _ _ NNP 7960 690 40 The the DT 7960 690 41 Battle Battle NNP 7960 690 42 of of IN 7960 690 43 Ivry Ivry NNP 7960 690 44 . . . 7960 690 45 _ _ NNP 7960 690 46 Miller Miller NNP 7960 690 47 , , , 7960 690 48 Joaquin Joaquin NNP 7960 690 49 . . . 7960 691 1 _ _ NNP 7960 691 2 Columbus Columbus NNP 7960 691 3 . . . 7960 691 4 _ _ NNP 7960 691 5 Milton Milton NNP 7960 691 6 , , , 7960 691 7 John John NNP 7960 691 8 . . . 7960 692 1 _ _ NNP 7960 692 2 Ode Ode NNP 7960 692 3 on on IN 7960 692 4 the the DT 7960 692 5 Morning Morning NNP 7960 692 6 of of IN 7960 692 7 Christ Christ NNP 7960 692 8 's 's POS 7960 692 9 Nativity Nativity NNP 7960 692 10 . . . 7960 692 11 _ _ NNP 7960 692 12 Praed Praed NNP 7960 692 13 , , , 7960 692 14 W. W. NNP 7960 692 15 M. M. NNP 7960 692 16 _ _ NNP 7960 692 17 Arminius Arminius NNP 7960 692 18 . . . 7960 692 19 _ _ NNP 7960 692 20 Rossetti Rossetti NNP 7960 692 21 , , , 7960 692 22 D. D. NNP 7960 692 23 G. G. NNP 7960 692 24 _ _ NNP 7960 692 25 The the DT 7960 692 26 White White NNP 7960 692 27 Ship Ship NNP 7960 692 28 . . . 7960 692 29 _ _ NNP 7960 692 30 Schiller Schiller NNP 7960 692 31 , , , 7960 692 32 Friedrich Friedrich NNP 7960 692 33 . . . 7960 693 1 _ _ NNP 7960 693 2 The the DT 7960 693 3 Maid Maid NNP 7960 693 4 of of IN 7960 693 5 Orleans Orleans NNP 7960 693 6 , , , 7960 693 7 William William NNP 7960 693 8 Tell Tell NNP 7960 693 9 , , , 7960 693 10 Maria Maria NNP 7960 693 11 Stuart Stuart NNP 7960 693 12 _ _ NNP 7960 693 13 , , , 7960 693 14 and and CC 7960 693 15 _ _ NNP 7960 693 16 Wallenstein Wallenstein NNP 7960 693 17 . . . 7960 693 18 _ _ NNP 7960 693 19 Scott Scott NNP 7960 693 20 , , , 7960 693 21 ( ( -LRB- 7960 693 22 Sir Sir NNP 7960 693 23 ) ) -RRB- 7960 693 24 Walter Walter NNP 7960 693 25 . . . 7960 694 1 " " `` 7960 694 2 Flodden Flodden NNP 7960 694 3 Field Field NNP 7960 694 4 " " '' 7960 694 5 ( ( -LRB- 7960 694 6 _ _ NNP 7960 694 7 Marmion Marmion NNP 7960 694 8 _ _ NNP 7960 694 9 , , , 7960 694 10 canto canto NNP 7960 694 11 vi vi NNP 7960 694 12 , , , 7960 694 13 stanzas stanzas NNP 7960 694 14 19 19 CD 7960 694 15 - - SYM 7960 694 16 27 27 CD 7960 694 17 , , , 7960 694 18 33 33 CD 7960 694 19 - - SYM 7960 694 20 35 35 CD 7960 694 21 ) ) -RRB- 7960 694 22 . . . 7960 695 1 Shakespeare Shakespeare NNP 7960 695 2 , , , 7960 695 3 William William NNP 7960 695 4 . . . 7960 696 1 _ _ NNP 7960 696 2 Coriolanus Coriolanus NNP 7960 696 3 , , , 7960 696 4 Julius Julius NNP 7960 696 5 Caesar Caesar NNP 7960 696 6 , , , 7960 696 7 Antony Antony NNP 7960 696 8 and and CC 7960 696 9 Cleopatra Cleopatra NNP 7960 696 10 , , , 7960 696 11 King King NNP 7960 696 12 John John NNP 7960 696 13 , , , 7960 696 14 Richard Richard NNP 7960 696 15 the the DT 7960 696 16 Second Second NNP 7960 696 17 , , , 7960 696 18 Henry Henry NNP 7960 696 19 the the DT 7960 696 20 Fourth Fourth NNP 7960 696 21 , , , 7960 696 22 _ _ NNP 7960 696 23 parts part NNS 7960 696 24 i i PRP 7960 696 25 and and CC 7960 696 26 ii ii NNP 7960 696 27 , , , 7960 696 28 _ _ NNP 7960 696 29 Henry Henry NNP 7960 696 30 the the DT 7960 696 31 Fifth Fifth NNP 7960 696 32 , , , 7960 696 33 Henry Henry NNP 7960 696 34 the the DT 7960 696 35 Sixth Sixth NNP 7960 696 36 _ _ NNP 7960 696 37 , , , 7960 696 38 parts part VBZ 7960 696 39 i i PRP 7960 696 40 , , , 7960 696 41 ii ii NNP 7960 696 42 , , , 7960 696 43 and and CC 7960 696 44 iii iii NNP 7960 696 45 , , , 7960 696 46 _ _ NNP 7960 696 47 Richard Richard NNP 7960 696 48 the the DT 7960 696 49 Third Third NNP 7960 696 50 , , , 7960 696 51 Henry Henry NNP 7960 696 52 the the DT 7960 696 53 Eighth Eighth NNP 7960 696 54 _ _ NNP 7960 696 55 , , , 7960 696 56 and and CC 7960 696 57 _ _ NNP 7960 696 58 The the DT 7960 696 59 Merchant merchant NN 7960 696 60 of of IN 7960 696 61 Venice Venice NNP 7960 696 62 . . . 7960 696 63 _ _ NNP 7960 696 64 Shelley Shelley NNP 7960 696 65 , , , 7960 696 66 P. P. NNP 7960 696 67 B. B. NNP 7960 697 1 _ _ NNP 7960 697 2 To to IN 7960 697 3 the the DT 7960 697 4 Nile Nile NNP 7960 697 5 , , , 7960 697 6 Ozymandias Ozymandias NNP 7960 697 7 , , , 7960 697 8 Hymn Hymn NNP 7960 697 9 of of IN 7960 697 10 Apollo Apollo NNP 7960 697 11 , , , 7960 697 12 Arethusa Arethusa NNP 7960 697 13 _ _ NNP 7960 697 14 , , , 7960 697 15 and and CC 7960 697 16 _ _ NNP 7960 697 17 Song Song NNP 7960 697 18 of of IN 7960 697 19 Proserpine Proserpine NNP 7960 697 20 . . . 7960 697 21 _ _ NNP 7960 697 22 Tennyson Tennyson NNP 7960 697 23 , , , 7960 697 24 Alfred Alfred NNP 7960 697 25 . . . 7960 698 1 _ _ NNP 7960 698 2 Ulysses Ulysses NNP 7960 698 3 , , , 7960 698 4 Oenone Oenone NNP 7960 698 5 , , , 7960 698 6 The the DT 7960 698 7 Death Death NNP 7960 698 8 of of IN 7960 698 9 Oenone Oenone NNP 7960 698 10 , , , 7960 698 11 Demeter Demeter NNP 7960 698 12 and and CC 7960 698 13 Persephone Persephone NNP 7960 698 14 , , , 7960 698 15 The the DT 7960 698 16 Lotus Lotus NNP 7960 698 17 - - HYPH 7960 698 18 Eaters Eaters NNP 7960 698 19 , , , 7960 698 20 Boadicea Boadicea NNP 7960 698 21 , , , 7960 698 22 St. St. NNP 7960 698 23 Telemachus Telemachus NNP 7960 698 24 , , , 7960 698 25 St. St. NNP 7960 698 26 Simeon Simeon NNP 7960 698 27 Stylites Stylites NNP 7960 698 28 , , , 7960 698 29 Sir Sir NNP 7960 698 30 Galahad Galahad NNP 7960 698 31 _ _ NNP 7960 698 32 , , , 7960 698 33 and and CC 7960 698 34 _ _ NNP 7960 698 35 The the DT 7960 698 36 Revenge Revenge NNP 7960 698 37 : : : 7960 698 38 a a DT 7960 698 39 Ballad Ballad NNP 7960 698 40 of of IN 7960 698 41 the the DT 7960 698 42 Fleet Fleet NNP 7960 698 43 . . . 7960 698 44 _ _ NNP 7960 698 45 Thackeray Thackeray NNP 7960 698 46 , , , 7960 698 47 W. W. NNP 7960 698 48 M. M. NNP 7960 698 49 _ _ NNP 7960 698 50 King King NNP 7960 698 51 Canute Canute NNP 7960 698 52 . . . 7960 698 53 _ _ NNP 7960 698 54 Wordsworth Wordsworth NNP 7960 698 55 , , , 7960 698 56 William William NNP 7960 698 57 . . . 7960 699 1 _ _ NNP 7960 699 2 Laodamia Laodamia NNP 7960 699 3 . . . 7960 699 4 _ _ NNP 7960 699 5 SOURCES source NNS 7960 699 6 Full full JJ 7960 699 7 information information NN 7960 699 8 regarding regard VBG 7960 699 9 the the DT 7960 699 10 best good JJS 7960 699 11 translations translation NNS 7960 699 12 of of IN 7960 699 13 the the DT 7960 699 14 sources source NNS 7960 699 15 of of IN 7960 699 16 ancient ancient JJ 7960 699 17 , , , 7960 699 18 medieval medieval JJ 7960 699 19 , , , 7960 699 20 and and CC 7960 699 21 modern modern JJ 7960 699 22 history history NN 7960 699 23 is be VBZ 7960 699 24 to to TO 7960 699 25 be be VB 7960 699 26 found find VBN 7960 699 27 in in IN 7960 699 28 one one CD 7960 699 29 of of IN 7960 699 30 the the DT 7960 699 31 Reports Reports NNPS 7960 699 32 previously previously RB 7960 699 33 cited--_Historical cited--_historical JJ 7960 699 34 Sources Sources NNPS 7960 699 35 in in IN 7960 699 36 Schools Schools NNP 7960 699 37 _ _ NNP 7960 699 38 , , , 7960 699 39 parts part VBZ 7960 699 40 ii ii NNP 7960 699 41 - - HYPH 7960 699 42 iv iv NNP 7960 699 43 . . . 7960 700 1 The the DT 7960 700 2 use use NN 7960 700 3 of of IN 7960 700 4 the the DT 7960 700 5 following follow VBG 7960 700 6 collections collection NNS 7960 700 7 of of IN 7960 700 8 extracts extract NNS 7960 700 9 from from IN 7960 700 10 the the DT 7960 700 11 sources source NNS 7960 700 12 will will MD 7960 700 13 go go VB 7960 700 14 far far RB 7960 700 15 toward toward IN 7960 700 16 remedying remedy VBG 7960 700 17 the the DT 7960 700 18 lack lack NN 7960 700 19 of of IN 7960 700 20 library library JJ 7960 700 21 facilities facility NNS 7960 700 22 . . . 7960 701 1 Botsford Botsford NNP 7960 701 2 , , , 7960 701 3 G. G. NNP 7960 701 4 W. W. NNP 7960 701 5 , , , 7960 701 6 and and CC 7960 701 7 Botsford Botsford NNP 7960 701 8 , , , 7960 701 9 Lillie Lillie NNP 7960 701 10 S. S. NNP 7960 701 11 _ _ NNP 7960 701 12 Source Source NNP 7960 701 13 Book Book NNP 7960 701 14 of of IN 7960 701 15 Ancient Ancient NNP 7960 701 16 History History NNP 7960 701 17 _ _ NNP 7960 701 18 ( ( -LRB- 7960 701 19 N. N. NNP 7960 701 20 Y. Y. NNP 7960 701 21 , , , 7960 701 22 1912 1912 CD 7960 701 23 , , , 7960 701 24 Macmillan Macmillan NNP 7960 701 25 , , , 7960 701 26 $ $ $ 7960 701 27 1.30 1.30 CD 7960 701 28 ) ) -RRB- 7960 701 29 . . . 7960 702 1 Davis Davis NNP 7960 702 2 , , , 7960 702 3 W. W. NNP 7960 702 4 S. S. NNP 7960 702 5 _ _ NNP 7960 702 6 Readings Readings NNP 7960 702 7 in in IN 7960 702 8 Ancient Ancient NNP 7960 702 9 History History NNP 7960 702 10 _ _ NNP 7960 702 11 ( ( -LRB- 7960 702 12 Boston Boston NNP 7960 702 13 , , , 7960 702 14 1912 1912 CD 7960 702 15 , , , 7960 702 16 Allyn Allyn NNP 7960 702 17 and and CC 7960 702 18 Bacon Bacon NNP 7960 702 19 , , , 7960 702 20 2 2 CD 7960 702 21 vols vol NNS 7960 702 22 . . . 7960 702 23 , , , 7960 702 24 $ $ $ 7960 702 25 2.00 2.00 CD 7960 702 26 ) ) -RRB- 7960 702 27 . . . 7960 703 1 Duncalf duncalf JJ 7960 703 2 , , , 7960 703 3 Frederic Frederic NNP 7960 703 4 , , , 7960 703 5 and and CC 7960 703 6 Krey Krey NNP 7960 703 7 , , , 7960 703 8 A. A. NNP 7960 703 9 C. C. NNP 7960 703 10 _ _ NNP 7960 703 11 Parallel Parallel NNP 7960 703 12 Source Source NNP 7960 703 13 Problems Problems NNPS 7960 703 14 in in IN 7960 703 15 Medieval Medieval NNP 7960 703 16 History History NNP 7960 703 17 _ _ NNP 7960 703 18 ( ( -LRB- 7960 703 19 N. N. NNP 7960 703 20 Y. Y. NNP 7960 703 21 , , , 7960 703 22 1912 1912 CD 7960 703 23 , , , 7960 703 24 Harper Harper NNP 7960 703 25 , , , 7960 703 26 $ $ $ 7960 703 27 1.10 1.10 CD 7960 703 28 ) ) -RRB- 7960 703 29 . . . 7960 704 1 Fling fling NN 7960 704 2 , , , 7960 704 3 F. F. NNP 7960 704 4 M. M. NNP 7960 704 5 _ _ NNP 7960 704 6 A A NNP 7960 704 7 Source Source NNP 7960 704 8 Book Book NNP 7960 704 9 of of IN 7960 704 10 Greek Greek NNP 7960 704 11 History History NNP 7960 704 12 _ _ NNP 7960 704 13 ( ( -LRB- 7960 704 14 N. N. NNP 7960 704 15 Y. Y. NNP 7960 704 16 , , , 7960 704 17 1907 1907 CD 7960 704 18 , , , 7960 704 19 Heath Heath NNP 7960 704 20 , , , 7960 704 21 $ $ $ 7960 704 22 1.12 1.12 CD 7960 704 23 ) ) -RRB- 7960 704 24 . . . 7960 705 1 Munro Munro NNP 7960 705 2 , , , 7960 705 3 D. D. NNP 7960 705 4 C. C. NNP 7960 705 5 _ _ NNP 7960 705 6 A A NNP 7960 705 7 Source Source NNP 7960 705 8 Book Book NNP 7960 705 9 of of IN 7960 705 10 Roman Roman NNP 7960 705 11 History History NNP 7960 705 12 _ _ NNP 7960 705 13 ( ( -LRB- 7960 705 14 N. N. NNP 7960 705 15 Y. Y. NNP 7960 705 16 , , , 7960 705 17 1904 1904 CD 7960 705 18 , , , 7960 705 19 Heath Heath NNP 7960 705 20 , , , 7960 705 21 $ $ $ 7960 705 22 1.12 1.12 CD 7960 705 23 ) ) -RRB- 7960 705 24 . . . 7960 706 1 Ogg Ogg NNP 7960 706 2 , , , 7960 706 3 F. F. NNP 7960 706 4 A. a. NN 7960 707 1 _ _ NNP 7960 707 2 A a DT 7960 707 3 Source Source NNP 7960 707 4 Book Book NNP 7960 707 5 of of IN 7960 707 6 Medieval Medieval NNP 7960 707 7 History History NNP 7960 707 8 _ _ NNP 7960 707 9 ( ( -LRB- 7960 707 10 N. N. NNP 7960 707 11 Y. Y. NNP 7960 707 12 , , , 7960 707 13 1907 1907 CD 7960 707 14 , , , 7960 707 15 American American NNP 7960 707 16 Book Book NNP 7960 707 17 Co. Co. NNP 7960 707 18 , , , 7960 707 19 $ $ $ 7960 707 20 1.50 1.50 CD 7960 707 21 ) ) -RRB- 7960 707 22 . . . 7960 708 1 Robinson Robinson NNP 7960 708 2 , , , 7960 708 3 J. J. NNP 7960 708 4 H. H. NNP 7960 708 5 _ _ NNP 7960 708 6 Readings Readings NNP 7960 708 7 in in IN 7960 708 8 European European NNP 7960 708 9 History History NNP 7960 708 10 _ _ NNP 7960 708 11 ( ( -LRB- 7960 708 12 Abridged Abridged NNP 7960 708 13 ed ed NNP 7960 708 14 . . NNP 7960 708 15 , , , 7960 708 16 Boston Boston NNP 7960 708 17 , , , 7960 708 18 1906 1906 CD 7960 708 19 , , , 7960 708 20 Ginn Ginn NNP 7960 708 21 , , , 7960 708 22 $ $ $ 7960 708 23 1.50 1.50 CD 7960 708 24 ) ) -RRB- 7960 708 25 . . . 7960 709 1 Thallon Thallon NNP 7960 709 2 , , , 7960 709 3 Ida Ida NNP 7960 709 4 C. C. NNP 7960 709 5 _ _ NNP 7960 709 6 Readings Readings NNP 7960 709 7 in in IN 7960 709 8 Greek Greek NNP 7960 709 9 History History NNP 7960 709 10 _ _ NNP 7960 709 11 ( ( -LRB- 7960 709 12 Boston Boston NNP 7960 709 13 , , , 7960 709 14 1914 1914 CD 7960 709 15 , , , 7960 709 16 Ginn Ginn NNP 7960 709 17 , , , 7960 709 18 $ $ $ 7960 709 19 2.00 2.00 CD 7960 709 20 ) ) -RRB- 7960 709 21 . . . 7960 710 1 Thatcher Thatcher NNP 7960 710 2 , , , 7960 710 3 O. O. NNP 7960 710 4 J. J. NNP 7960 710 5 , , , 7960 710 6 and and CC 7960 710 7 McNeal McNeal NNP 7960 710 8 , , , 7960 710 9 E. E. NNP 7960 710 10 H. H. NNP 7960 710 11 _ _ NNP 7960 710 12 A A NNP 7960 710 13 Source Source NNP 7960 710 14 Book Book NNP 7960 710 15 for for IN 7960 710 16 Medieval Medieval NNP 7960 710 17 History History NNP 7960 710 18 _ _ NNP 7960 710 19 ( ( -LRB- 7960 710 20 N. N. NNP 7960 710 21 Y. Y. NNP 7960 710 22 , , , 7960 710 23 1905 1905 CD 7960 710 24 , , , 7960 710 25 Scribner Scribner NNP 7960 710 26 , , , 7960 710 27 $ $ $ 7960 710 28 1.85 1.85 CD 7960 710 29 ) ) -RRB- 7960 710 30 . . . 7960 711 1 Webster Webster NNP 7960 711 2 , , , 7960 711 3 Hutton Hutton NNP 7960 711 4 . . . 7960 712 1 _ _ NNP 7960 712 2 Readings Readings NNP 7960 712 3 in in IN 7960 712 4 Ancient Ancient NNP 7960 712 5 History History NNP 7960 712 6 _ _ NNP 7960 712 7 ( ( -LRB- 7960 712 8 N. N. NNP 7960 712 9 Y. Y. NNP 7960 712 10 , , , 7960 712 11 1913 1913 CD 7960 712 12 , , , 7960 712 13 Heath Heath NNP 7960 712 14 , , , 7960 712 15 $ $ $ 7960 712 16 1.12 1.12 CD 7960 712 17 ) ) -RRB- 7960 712 18 . . . 7960 713 1 ------ ------ NFP 7960 713 2 _ _ NNP 7960 713 3 Readings Readings NNP 7960 713 4 in in IN 7960 713 5 Medieval Medieval NNP 7960 713 6 and and CC 7960 713 7 Modern Modern NNP 7960 713 8 History history NN 7960 713 9 _ _ NN 7960 713 10 ( ( -LRB- 7960 713 11 N. N. NNP 7960 713 12 Y. Y. NNP 7960 713 13 , , , 7960 713 14 1917 1917 CD 7960 713 15 , , , 7960 713 16 Heath Heath NNP 7960 713 17 , , , 7960 713 18 $ $ $ 7960 713 19 1.12 1.12 CD 7960 713 20 ) ) -RRB- 7960 713 21 . . . 7960 714 1 _ _ NNP 7960 714 2 Translations Translations NNP 7960 714 3 and and CC 7960 714 4 Reprints Reprints NNPS 7960 714 5 from from IN 7960 714 6 the the DT 7960 714 7 Original original JJ 7960 714 8 Sources Sources NNPS 7960 714 9 of of IN 7960 714 10 European European NNP 7960 714 11 History History NNP 7960 714 12 _ _ NNP 7960 714 13 ( ( -LRB- 7960 714 14 N. N. NNP 7960 714 15 Y. Y. NNP 7960 714 16 , , , 7960 714 17 1894 1894 CD 7960 714 18 - - SYM 7960 714 19 1899 1899 CD 7960 714 20 , , , 7960 714 21 Longmans Longmans NNPS 7960 714 22 , , , 7960 714 23 Green Green NNP 7960 714 24 , , , 7960 714 25 and and CC 7960 714 26 Co. Co. NNP 7960 714 27 , , , 7960 714 28 6 6 CD 7960 714 29 vols vol NNS 7960 714 30 . . . 7960 714 31 , , , 7960 714 32 each each DT 7960 714 33 $ $ $ 7960 714 34 1.50 1.50 CD 7960 714 35 ) ) -RRB- 7960 714 36 . . . 7960 715 1 MODERN MODERN NNS 7960 715 2 WORKS works NN 7960 715 3 Most Most JJS 7960 715 4 of of IN 7960 715 5 the the DT 7960 715 6 books book NNS 7960 715 7 in in IN 7960 715 8 the the DT 7960 715 9 following following JJ 7960 715 10 list list NN 7960 715 11 are be VBP 7960 715 12 inexpensive inexpensive JJ 7960 715 13 , , , 7960 715 14 easily easily RB 7960 715 15 procured procure VBN 7960 715 16 , , , 7960 715 17 and and CC 7960 715 18 well well RB 7960 715 19 adapted adapt VBN 7960 715 20 in in IN 7960 715 21 style style NN 7960 715 22 and and CC 7960 715 23 choice choice NN 7960 715 24 of of IN 7960 715 25 topics topic NNS 7960 715 26 to to IN 7960 715 27 the the DT 7960 715 28 needs need NNS 7960 715 29 of of IN 7960 715 30 immature immature JJ 7960 715 31 pupils pupil NNS 7960 715 32 . . . 7960 716 1 A a DT 7960 716 2 few few JJ 7960 716 3 more more RBR 7960 716 4 elaborate elaborate JJ 7960 716 5 and and CC 7960 716 6 costly costly JJ 7960 716 7 volumes volume NNS 7960 716 8 , , , 7960 716 9 especially especially RB 7960 716 10 valuable valuable JJ 7960 716 11 for for IN 7960 716 12 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 716 13 illustrations illustration NNS 7960 716 14 , , , 7960 716 15 are be VBP 7960 716 16 indicated indicate VBN 7960 716 17 by by IN 7960 716 18 an an DT 7960 716 19 asterisk asterisk NN 7960 716 20 ( ( -LRB- 7960 716 21 * * NFP 7960 716 22 ) ) -RRB- 7960 716 23 . . . 7960 717 1 For for IN 7960 717 2 detailed detailed JJ 7960 717 3 bibliographies bibliography NNS 7960 717 4 , , , 7960 717 5 often often RB 7960 717 6 accompanied accompany VBN 7960 717 7 by by IN 7960 717 8 critical critical JJ 7960 717 9 estimates estimate NNS 7960 717 10 , , , 7960 717 11 see see VB 7960 717 12 C. C. NNP 7960 717 13 K. K. NNP 7960 717 14 Adams Adams NNP 7960 717 15 , , , 7960 717 16 _ _ NNP 7960 717 17 A A NNP 7960 717 18 Manual Manual NNP 7960 717 19 of of IN 7960 717 20 Historical Historical NNP 7960 717 21 Literature Literature NNP 7960 717 22 _ _ NNP 7960 717 23 ( ( -LRB- 7960 717 24 3d 3d NNP 7960 717 25 ed ed NNP 7960 717 26 . . NNP 7960 717 27 , , , 7960 717 28 N. N. NNP 7960 717 29 Y. Y. NNP 7960 717 30 , , , 7960 717 31 1889 1889 CD 7960 717 32 , , , 7960 717 33 Harper Harper NNP 7960 717 34 , , , 7960 717 35 $ $ $ 7960 717 36 2.50 2.50 CD 7960 717 37 ) ) -RRB- 7960 717 38 , , , 7960 717 39 and and CC 7960 717 40 the the DT 7960 717 41 _ _ NNP 7960 717 42 Bibliography Bibliography NNP 7960 717 43 of of IN 7960 717 44 History History NNP 7960 717 45 for for IN 7960 717 46 Schools Schools NNPS 7960 717 47 and and CC 7960 717 48 Libraries Libraries NNPS 7960 717 49 _ _ NNP 7960 717 50 , , , 7960 717 51 parts part VBZ 7960 717 52 iii iii CD 7960 717 53 - - HYPH 7960 717 54 v v NNP 7960 717 55 . . . 7960 717 56 GENERAL GENERAL NNP 7960 717 57 WORKS WORKS NNP 7960 717 58 Carlyle Carlyle NNP 7960 717 59 , , , 7960 717 60 Thomas Thomas NNP 7960 717 61 . . . 7960 718 1 _ _ NNP 7960 718 2 On on IN 7960 718 3 Heroes Heroes NNPS 7960 718 4 , , , 7960 718 5 Hero Hero NNP 7960 718 6 - - HYPH 7960 718 7 Worship Worship NNP 7960 718 8 , , , 7960 718 9 and and CC 7960 718 10 the the DT 7960 718 11 Heroic Heroic NNP 7960 718 12 in in IN 7960 718 13 History History NNP 7960 718 14 _ _ NNP 7960 718 15 ( ( -LRB- 7960 718 16 N. N. NNP 7960 718 17 Y. Y. NNP 7960 718 18 , , , 7960 718 19 1840 1840 CD 7960 718 20 , , , 7960 718 21 Dutton Dutton NNP 7960 718 22 , , , 7960 718 23 35 35 CD 7960 718 24 cents cent NNS 7960 718 25 ) ) -RRB- 7960 718 26 . . . 7960 719 1 Creasy Creasy NNP 7960 719 2 , , , 7960 719 3 E. E. NNP 7960 719 4 S. S. NNP 7960 719 5 _ _ NNP 7960 719 6 The the DT 7960 719 7 Fifteen Fifteen NNP 7960 719 8 Decisive decisive JJ 7960 719 9 Battles Battles NNPS 7960 719 10 of of IN 7960 719 11 the the DT 7960 719 12 World World NNP 7960 719 13 from from IN 7960 719 14 Marathon Marathon NNP 7960 719 15 to to IN 7960 719 16 Waterloo Waterloo NNP 7960 719 17 _ _ NNP 7960 719 18 ( ( -LRB- 7960 719 19 N. N. NNP 7960 719 20 Y. Y. NNP 7960 719 21 , , , 7960 719 22 1854 1854 CD 7960 719 23 , , , 7960 719 24 Dutton Dutton NNP 7960 719 25 , , , 7960 719 26 35 35 CD 7960 719 27 cents cent NNS 7960 719 28 ) ) -RRB- 7960 719 29 . . . 7960 720 1 Gibbins Gibbins NNP 7960 720 2 , , , 7960 720 3 H. H. NNP 7960 720 4 De De NNP 7960 720 5 B. B. NNP 7960 721 1 _ _ NNP 7960 721 2 The the DT 7960 721 3 History history NN 7960 721 4 of of IN 7960 721 5 Commerce Commerce NNP 7960 721 6 in in IN 7960 721 7 Europe Europe NNP 7960 721 8 _ _ NNP 7960 721 9 ( ( -LRB- 7960 721 10 26 26 CD 7960 721 11 . . . 7960 722 1 ed ed NNP 7960 722 2 . . NNP 7960 722 3 , , , 7960 722 4 N. N. NNP 7960 722 5 Y. Y. NNP 7960 722 6 , , , 7960 722 7 1897 1897 CD 7960 722 8 , , , 7960 722 9 Macmillan Macmillan NNP 7960 722 10 , , , 7960 722 11 90 90 CD 7960 722 12 cents cent NNS 7960 722 13 ) ) -RRB- 7960 722 14 . . . 7960 723 1 Herbertson Herbertson NNP 7960 723 2 , , , 7960 723 3 A. A. NNP 7960 723 4 J. J. NNP 7960 723 5 , , , 7960 723 6 and and CC 7960 723 7 Herbertson Herbertson NNP 7960 723 8 , , , 7960 723 9 F. F. NNP 7960 723 10 D. D. NNP 7960 723 11 _ _ NNP 7960 723 12 Man Man NNP 7960 723 13 and and CC 7960 723 14 His -PRON- PRP$ 7960 723 15 Work work NN 7960 723 16 _ _ NNP 7960 723 17 ( ( -LRB- 7960 723 18 3d 3d NNP 7960 723 19 ed ed NNP 7960 723 20 . . NNP 7960 723 21 , , , 7960 723 22 N. N. NNP 7960 723 23 Y. Y. NNP 7960 723 24 , , , 7960 723 25 1914 1914 CD 7960 723 26 , , , 7960 723 27 Macmillan Macmillan NNP 7960 723 28 , , , 7960 723 29 60 60 CD 7960 723 30 cents cent NNS 7960 723 31 ) ) -RRB- 7960 723 32 . . . 7960 724 1 An an DT 7960 724 2 introduction introduction NN 7960 724 3 to to IN 7960 724 4 the the DT 7960 724 5 study study NN 7960 724 6 of of IN 7960 724 7 human human JJ 7960 724 8 geography geography NN 7960 724 9 . . . 7960 725 1 Jacobs Jacobs NNP 7960 725 2 , , , 7960 725 3 Joseph Joseph NNP 7960 725 4 . . . 7960 726 1 _ _ NNP 7960 726 2 The the DT 7960 726 3 Story Story NNP 7960 726 4 of of IN 7960 726 5 Geographical Geographical NNP 7960 726 6 Discovery Discovery NNP 7960 726 7 _ _ NNP 7960 726 8 ( ( -LRB- 7960 726 9 N. N. NNP 7960 726 10 Y. Y. NNP 7960 726 11 , , , 7960 726 12 1898 1898 CD 7960 726 13 , , , 7960 726 14 Appleton Appleton NNP 7960 726 15 , , , 7960 726 16 35 35 CD 7960 726 17 cents cent NNS 7960 726 18 ) ) -RRB- 7960 726 19 . . . 7960 727 1 Jenks Jenks NNP 7960 727 2 , , , 7960 727 3 Edward Edward NNP 7960 727 4 . . . 7960 728 1 _ _ NNP 7960 728 2 A a DT 7960 728 3 History history NN 7960 728 4 of of IN 7960 728 5 Politics Politics NNPS 7960 728 6 _ _ NNP 7960 728 7 ( ( -LRB- 7960 728 8 N. N. NNP 7960 728 9 Y. Y. NNP 7960 728 10 , , , 7960 728 11 1900 1900 CD 7960 728 12 , , , 7960 728 13 Dutton Dutton NNP 7960 728 14 , , , 7960 728 15 35 35 CD 7960 728 16 cents cent NNS 7960 728 17 ) ) -RRB- 7960 728 18 . . . 7960 729 1 A a DT 7960 729 2 very very RB 7960 729 3 illuminating illuminating JJ 7960 729 4 essay essay NN 7960 729 5 . . . 7960 730 1 Keane Keane NNP 7960 730 2 , , , 7960 730 3 John John NNP 7960 730 4 . . . 7960 731 1 _ _ NNP 7960 731 2 The the DT 7960 731 3 Evolution Evolution NNP 7960 731 4 of of IN 7960 731 5 Geography Geography NNP 7960 731 6 _ _ NNP 7960 731 7 ( ( -LRB- 7960 731 8 London London NNP 7960 731 9 , , , 7960 731 10 1899 1899 CD 7960 731 11 , , , 7960 731 12 Stanford Stanford NNP 7960 731 13 , , , 7960 731 14 6s 6s NNP 7960 731 15 . . . 7960 731 16 ) ) -RRB- 7960 731 17 . . . 7960 732 1 Helpfully helpfully RB 7960 732 2 illustrated illustrate VBN 7960 732 3 . . . 7960 733 1 Myres Myres NNP 7960 733 2 , , , 7960 733 3 J. J. NNP 7960 733 4 L. L. NNP 7960 733 5 _ _ NNP 7960 733 6 The the DT 7960 733 7 Dawn Dawn NNP 7960 733 8 of of IN 7960 733 9 History History NNP 7960 733 10 _ _ NNP 7960 733 11 ( ( -LRB- 7960 733 12 N. N. NNP 7960 733 13 Y. Y. NNP 7960 733 14 , , , 7960 733 15 1912 1912 CD 7960 733 16 , , , 7960 733 17 Holt Holt NNP 7960 733 18 , , , 7960 733 19 50 50 CD 7960 733 20 cents cent NNS 7960 733 21 ) ) -RRB- 7960 733 22 . . . 7960 734 1 Pattison Pattison NNP 7960 734 2 , , , 7960 734 3 R. R. NNP 7960 734 4 P. P. NNP 7960 734 5 B. B. NNP 7960 735 1 _ _ NNP 7960 735 2 Leading Leading NNP 7960 735 3 Figures figure NNS 7960 735 4 in in IN 7960 735 5 European European NNP 7960 735 6 History History NNP 7960 735 7 _ _ NNP 7960 735 8 ( ( -LRB- 7960 735 9 N. N. NNP 7960 735 10 Y. Y. NNP 7960 735 11 , , , 7960 735 12 1912 1912 CD 7960 735 13 , , , 7960 735 14 Macmillan Macmillan NNP 7960 735 15 , , , 7960 735 16 $ $ $ 7960 735 17 1.60 1.60 CD 7960 735 18 ) ) -RRB- 7960 735 19 . . . 7960 736 1 Biographical biographical JJ 7960 736 2 sketches sketch NNS 7960 736 3 of of IN 7960 736 4 European european JJ 7960 736 5 statesmen statesman NNS 7960 736 6 from from IN 7960 736 7 Charlemagne Charlemagne NNP 7960 736 8 to to IN 7960 736 9 Bismarck Bismarck NNP 7960 736 10 . . . 7960 737 1 Reinach Reinach NNP 7960 737 2 , , , 7960 737 3 Salomon Salomon NNP 7960 737 4 . . . 7960 738 1 _ _ NNP 7960 738 2 Apollo Apollo NNP 7960 738 3 ; ; : 7960 738 4 an an DT 7960 738 5 Illustrated Illustrated NNP 7960 738 6 Manual Manual NNP 7960 738 7 of of IN 7960 738 8 the the DT 7960 738 9 History history NN 7960 738 10 of of IN 7960 738 11 Art art NN 7960 738 12 throughout throughout IN 7960 738 13 the the DT 7960 738 14 Ages Ages NNPS 7960 738 15 _ _ NNP 7960 738 16 , , , 7960 738 17 translated translate VBN 7960 738 18 by by IN 7960 738 19 Florence Florence NNP 7960 738 20 Simmonds Simmonds NNP 7960 738 21 ( ( -LRB- 7960 738 22 last last JJ 7960 738 23 ed ed NNP 7960 738 24 . . NNP 7960 738 25 , , , 7960 738 26 N. N. NNP 7960 738 27 Y. Y. NNP 7960 738 28 , , , 7960 738 29 1914 1914 CD 7960 738 30 , , , 7960 738 31 Scribner Scribner NNP 7960 738 32 , , , 7960 738 33 $ $ $ 7960 738 34 1.50 1.50 CD 7960 738 35 ) ) -RRB- 7960 738 36 . . . 7960 739 1 The the DT 7960 739 2 best good JJS 7960 739 3 brief brief JJ 7960 739 4 work work NN 7960 739 5 on on IN 7960 739 6 the the DT 7960 739 7 subject subject NN 7960 739 8 . . . 7960 740 1 Seignobos Seignobos NNP 7960 740 2 , , , 7960 740 3 Charles Charles NNP 7960 740 4 . . . 7960 741 1 _ _ NNP 7960 741 2 History history NN 7960 741 3 of of IN 7960 741 4 Ancient Ancient NNP 7960 741 5 Civilization Civilization NNP 7960 741 6 _ _ NNP 7960 741 7 , , , 7960 741 8 edited edit VBN 7960 741 9 by by IN 7960 741 10 J. J. NNP 7960 742 1 A. A. NNP 7960 742 2 James James NNP 7960 742 3 ( ( -LRB- 7960 742 4 N. N. NNP 7960 742 5 Y. Y. NNP 7960 742 6 , , , 7960 742 7 1906 1906 CD 7960 742 8 , , , 7960 742 9 Scribner Scribner NNP 7960 742 10 , , , 7960 742 11 $ $ $ 7960 742 12 1.25 1.25 CD 7960 742 13 ) ) -RRB- 7960 742 14 . . . 7960 743 1 ------ ------ NFP 7960 743 2 _ _ NNP 7960 743 3 History history NN 7960 743 4 of of IN 7960 743 5 Medieval Medieval NNP 7960 743 6 and and CC 7960 743 7 of of IN 7960 743 8 Modern Modern NNP 7960 743 9 Civilization Civilization NNP 7960 743 10 _ _ NNP 7960 743 11 , , , 7960 743 12 edited edit VBN 7960 743 13 by by IN 7960 743 14 J. J. NNP 7960 744 1 A. A. NNP 7960 744 2 James James NNP 7960 744 3 ( ( -LRB- 7960 744 4 N. N. NNP 7960 744 5 Y. Y. NNP 7960 744 6 , , , 7960 744 7 1907 1907 CD 7960 744 8 , , , 7960 744 9 Scribner Scribner NNP 7960 744 10 , , , 7960 744 11 $ $ $ 7960 744 12 1.25 1.25 CD 7960 744 13 ) ) -RRB- 7960 744 14 . . . 7960 745 1 PREHISTORIC PREHISTORIC NNP 7960 745 2 TIMES TIMES NNP 7960 745 3 Clodd Clodd NNP 7960 745 4 , , , 7960 745 5 Edward Edward NNP 7960 745 6 . . . 7960 746 1 _ _ NNP 7960 746 2 The the DT 7960 746 3 Story Story NNP 7960 746 4 of of IN 7960 746 5 Primitive Primitive NNP 7960 746 6 Man Man NNP 7960 746 7 _ _ NNP 7960 746 8 ( ( -LRB- 7960 746 9 N N NNP 7960 746 10 Y. Y. NNP 7960 746 11 , , , 7960 746 12 1895 1895 CD 7960 746 13 , , , 7960 746 14 Appleton Appleton NNP 7960 746 15 , , , 7960 746 16 35 35 CD 7960 746 17 cents cent NNS 7960 746 18 ) ) -RRB- 7960 746 19 . . . 7960 747 1 Generally generally RB 7960 747 2 accurate accurate JJ 7960 747 3 and and CC 7960 747 4 always always RB 7960 747 5 interesting interesting JJ 7960 747 6 . . . 7960 748 1 ------ ------ NFP 7960 748 2 _ _ NNP 7960 748 3 The the DT 7960 748 4 Childhood Childhood NNP 7960 748 5 of of IN 7960 748 6 the the DT 7960 748 7 World World NNP 7960 748 8 _ _ NNP 7960 748 9 ( ( -LRB- 7960 748 10 2d 2d NNP 7960 748 11 ed ed NNP 7960 748 12 . . NNP 7960 748 13 , , , 7960 748 14 N. N. NNP 7960 748 15 Y. Y. NNP 7960 748 16 , , , 7960 748 17 1914 1914 CD 7960 748 18 , , , 7960 748 19 Macmillan Macmillan NNP 7960 748 20 , , , 7960 748 21 $ $ $ 7960 748 22 1.25 1.25 CD 7960 748 23 ) ) -RRB- 7960 748 24 . . . 7960 749 1 Elliott Elliott NNP 7960 749 2 , , , 7960 749 3 G. G. NNP 7960 749 4 F. F. NNP 7960 749 5 S. S. NNP 7960 749 6 _ _ NNP 7960 749 7 Prehistoric Prehistoric NNP 7960 749 8 Man Man NNP 7960 749 9 and and CC 7960 749 10 His -PRON- PRP$ 7960 749 11 Story Story NNP 7960 749 12 _ _ NNP 7960 749 13 ( ( -LRB- 7960 749 14 Philadelphia Philadelphia NNP 7960 749 15 , , , 7960 749 16 1915 1915 CD 7960 749 17 , , , 7960 749 18 Lippincott Lippincott NNP 7960 749 19 , , , 7960 749 20 $ $ $ 7960 749 21 2.00 2.00 CD 7960 749 22 ) ) -RRB- 7960 749 23 . . . 7960 750 1 Holbrook Holbrook NNP 7960 750 2 , , , 7960 750 3 Florence Florence NNP 7960 750 4 . . . 7960 751 1 _ _ NNP 7960 751 2 Cave Cave NNP 7960 751 3 , , , 7960 751 4 Mound Mound NNP 7960 751 5 , , , 7960 751 6 and and CC 7960 751 7 Lake Lake NNP 7960 751 8 Dwellers Dwellers NNP 7960 751 9 _ _ NNP 7960 751 10 ( ( -LRB- 7960 751 11 N. N. NNP 7960 751 12 Y. Y. NNP 7960 751 13 , , , 7960 751 14 1911 1911 CD 7960 751 15 , , , 7960 751 16 Heath Heath NNP 7960 751 17 , , , 7960 751 18 44 44 CD 7960 751 19 cents cent NNS 7960 751 20 ) ) -RRB- 7960 751 21 . . . 7960 752 1 Mason Mason NNP 7960 752 2 , , , 7960 752 3 O. O. NNP 7960 752 4 T T NNP 7960 752 5 , , , 7960 752 6 _ _ NNP 7960 752 7 Woman Woman NNP 7960 752 8 's 's POS 7960 752 9 Share share NN 7960 752 10 in in IN 7960 752 11 Primitive Primitive NNP 7960 752 12 Culture Culture NNP 7960 752 13 _ _ NNP 7960 752 14 ( ( -LRB- 7960 752 15 N. N. NNP 7960 752 16 Y. Y. NNP 7960 752 17 , , , 7960 752 18 1900 1900 CD 7960 752 19 , , , 7960 752 20 D. D. NNP 7960 752 21 Appleton Appleton NNP 7960 752 22 , , , 7960 752 23 $ $ $ 7960 752 24 1.75 1.75 CD 7960 752 25 ) ) -RRB- 7960 752 26 . . . 7960 753 1 The the DT 7960 753 2 only only JJ 7960 753 3 work work NN 7960 753 4 on on IN 7960 753 5 the the DT 7960 753 6 subject subject NN 7960 753 7 ; ; : 7960 753 8 by by IN 7960 753 9 a a DT 7960 753 10 competent competent JJ 7960 753 11 anthropologist anthropologist NN 7960 753 12 . . . 7960 754 1 * * NFP 7960 754 2 Osborn Osborn NNP 7960 754 3 , , , 7960 754 4 H. H. NNP 7960 754 5 F. F. NNP 7960 754 6 _ _ NNP 7960 754 7 Men Men NNPS 7960 754 8 of of IN 7960 754 9 the the DT 7960 754 10 Old Old NNP 7960 754 11 Stone Stone NNP 7960 754 12 Age Age NNP 7960 754 13 _ _ NNP 7960 754 14 ( ( -LRB- 7960 754 15 N. N. NNP 7960 754 16 Y. Y. NNP 7960 754 17 , , , 7960 754 18 1915 1915 CD 7960 754 19 Scribners scribner NNS 7960 754 20 , , , 7960 754 21 $ $ $ 7960 754 22 5.00 5.00 CD 7960 754 23 ) ) -RRB- 7960 754 24 . . . 7960 755 1 An an DT 7960 755 2 authoritative authoritative JJ 7960 755 3 , , , 7960 755 4 interesting interesting JJ 7960 755 5 , , , 7960 755 6 and and CC 7960 755 7 amply amply RB 7960 755 8 illustrated illustrate VBN 7960 755 9 work work NN 7960 755 10 . . . 7960 756 1 * * NFP 7960 756 2 Spearing Spearing NNP 7960 756 3 , , , 7960 756 4 H. H. NNP 7960 756 5 G. G. NNP 7960 756 6 _ _ NNP 7960 756 7 The the DT 7960 756 8 Childhood Childhood NNP 7960 756 9 of of IN 7960 756 10 Art Art NNP 7960 756 11 _ _ NNP 7960 756 12 ( ( -LRB- 7960 756 13 N. N. NNP 7960 756 14 Y. Y. NNP 7960 756 15 , , , 7960 756 16 1913 1913 CD 7960 756 17 , , , 7960 756 18 Putnam Putnam NNP 7960 756 19 , , , 7960 756 20 $ $ $ 7960 756 21 6.00 6.00 CD 7960 756 22 ) ) -RRB- 7960 756 23 . . . 7960 757 1 Deals deal NNS 7960 757 2 with with IN 7960 757 3 primitive primitive JJ 7960 757 4 and and CC 7960 757 5 Greek greek JJ 7960 757 6 art art NN 7960 757 7 ; ; : 7960 757 8 richly richly RB 7960 757 9 illustrated illustrate VBN 7960 757 10 . . . 7960 758 1 Starr Starr NNP 7960 758 2 , , , 7960 758 3 Frederick Frederick NNP 7960 758 4 . . . 7960 759 1 _ _ NNP 7960 759 2 Some some DT 7960 759 3 First First NNP 7960 759 4 Steps Steps NNPS 7960 759 5 in in IN 7960 759 6 Human Human NNP 7960 759 7 Progress Progress NNP 7960 759 8 _ _ NNP 7960 759 9 ( ( -LRB- 7960 759 10 Chautauqua Chautauqua NNP 7960 759 11 , , , 7960 759 12 N. N. NNP 7960 759 13 Y. Y. NNP 7960 759 14 , , , 7960 759 15 1895 1895 CD 7960 759 16 , , , 7960 759 17 Chautauqua Chautauqua NNP 7960 759 18 Press Press NNP 7960 759 19 , , , 7960 759 20 $ $ $ 7960 759 21 1.00 1.00 CD 7960 759 22 ) ) -RRB- 7960 759 23 . . . 7960 760 1 A a DT 7960 760 2 popular popular JJ 7960 760 3 introduction introduction NN 7960 760 4 to to IN 7960 760 5 anthropology anthropology NN 7960 760 6 . . . 7960 761 1 Tylor Tylor NNP 7960 761 2 , , , 7960 761 3 ( ( -LRB- 7960 761 4 Sir Sir NNP 7960 761 5 ) ) -RRB- 7960 761 6 E. E. NNP 7960 761 7 B. B. NNP 7960 762 1 _ _ NNP 7960 762 2 Anthropology Anthropology NNP 7960 762 3 _ _ NNP 7960 762 4 ( ( -LRB- 7960 762 5 N. N. NNP 7960 762 6 Y. Y. NNP 7960 762 7 , , , 7960 762 8 1881 1881 CD 7960 762 9 , , , 7960 762 10 Appleton Appleton NNP 7960 762 11 , , , 7960 762 12 $ $ $ 7960 762 13 2.00 2.00 CD 7960 762 14 ) ) -RRB- 7960 762 15 . . . 7960 763 1 Incorporates incorporate VBZ 7960 763 2 the the DT 7960 763 3 results result NNS 7960 763 4 of of IN 7960 763 5 the the DT 7960 763 6 author author NN 7960 763 7 's 's POS 7960 763 8 extensive extensive JJ 7960 763 9 studies study NNS 7960 763 10 and and CC 7960 763 11 still still RB 7960 763 12 remains remain VBZ 7960 763 13 the the DT 7960 763 14 best good JJS 7960 763 15 introduction introduction NN 7960 763 16 to to IN 7960 763 17 the the DT 7960 763 18 entire entire JJ 7960 763 19 field field NN 7960 763 20 . . . 7960 764 1 ORIENTAL oriental JJ 7960 764 2 HISTORY HISTORY NNP 7960 764 3 Baikie Baikie NNP 7960 764 4 , , , 7960 764 5 James James NNP 7960 764 6 . . . 7960 765 1 _ _ NNP 7960 765 2 The the DT 7960 765 3 Story Story NNP 7960 765 4 of of IN 7960 765 5 the the DT 7960 765 6 Pharaohs Pharaohs NNP 7960 765 7 _ _ NNP 7960 765 8 ( ( -LRB- 7960 765 9 N. N. NNP 7960 765 10 Y. Y. NNP 7960 765 11 , , , 7960 765 12 1908 1908 CD 7960 765 13 , , , 7960 765 14 Macmillan Macmillan NNP 7960 765 15 , , , 7960 765 16 $ $ $ 7960 765 17 2.00 2.00 CD 7960 765 18 ) ) -RRB- 7960 765 19 . . . 7960 766 1 A a DT 7960 766 2 popular popular JJ 7960 766 3 work work NN 7960 766 4 ; ; : 7960 766 5 well well RB 7960 766 6 illustrated illustrate VBN 7960 766 7 . . . 7960 767 1 * * NFP 7960 767 2 Ball Ball NNP 7960 767 3 , , , 7960 767 4 C. C. NNP 7960 767 5 J. J. NNP 7960 768 1 _ _ NNP 7960 768 2 Light Light NNP 7960 768 3 from from IN 7960 768 4 the the DT 7960 768 5 East East NNP 7960 768 6 _ _ NNP 7960 768 7 ( ( -LRB- 7960 768 8 London London NNP 7960 768 9 , , , 7960 768 10 1899 1899 CD 7960 768 11 , , , 7960 768 12 Eyre Eyre NNP 7960 768 13 and and CC 7960 768 14 Spottiswoode Spottiswoode NNP 7960 768 15 , , , 7960 768 16 15s 15 NNS 7960 768 17 . . . 7960 768 18 ) ) -RRB- 7960 768 19 . . . 7960 769 1 An an DT 7960 769 2 account account NN 7960 769 3 of of IN 7960 769 4 Oriental oriental JJ 7960 769 5 archaeology archaeology NN 7960 769 6 , , , 7960 769 7 with with IN 7960 769 8 special special JJ 7960 769 9 reference reference NN 7960 769 10 to to IN 7960 769 11 the the DT 7960 769 12 Old Old NNP 7960 769 13 Testament Testament NNP 7960 769 14 . . . 7960 770 1 Banks bank NNS 7960 770 2 , , , 7960 770 3 E. E. NNP 7960 770 4 G. G. NNP 7960 770 5 _ _ NNP 7960 770 6 The the DT 7960 770 7 Bible Bible NNP 7960 770 8 and and CC 7960 770 9 the the DT 7960 770 10 Spade Spade NNP 7960 770 11 _ _ NNP 7960 770 12 ( ( -LRB- 7960 770 13 N. N. NNP 7960 770 14 Y. Y. NNP 7960 770 15 , , , 7960 770 16 1913 1913 CD 7960 770 17 , , , 7960 770 18 Association Association NNP 7960 770 19 Press Press NNP 7960 770 20 , , , 7960 770 21 $ $ $ 7960 770 22 1.00 1.00 CD 7960 770 23 ) ) -RRB- 7960 770 24 . . . 7960 771 1 A a DT 7960 771 2 popular popular JJ 7960 771 3 presentation presentation NN 7960 771 4 of of IN 7960 771 5 Oriental oriental JJ 7960 771 6 archaeology archaeology NN 7960 771 7 . . . 7960 772 1 * * NFP 7960 772 2 Breasted Breasted NNP 7960 772 3 , , , 7960 772 4 J. J. NNP 7960 772 5 H. H. NNP 7960 772 6 _ _ NNP 7960 772 7 A A NNP 7960 772 8 History history NN 7960 772 9 of of IN 7960 772 10 Egypt Egypt NNP 7960 772 11 from from IN 7960 772 12 the the DT 7960 772 13 Earliest early JJS 7960 772 14 Times Times NNP 7960 772 15 to to IN 7960 772 16 the the DT 7960 772 17 Persian Persian NNP 7960 772 18 Conquest Conquest NNP 7960 772 19 _ _ NNP 7960 772 20 ( ( -LRB- 7960 772 21 2d 2d NNP 7960 772 22 ed ed NNP 7960 772 23 . . NNP 7960 772 24 , , , 7960 772 25 N. N. NNP 7960 772 26 Y. Y. NNP 7960 772 27 , , , 7960 772 28 1909 1909 CD 7960 772 29 , , , 7960 772 30 Scribner Scribner NNP 7960 772 31 , , , 7960 772 32 $ $ $ 7960 772 33 5.00 5.00 CD 7960 772 34 ) ) -RRB- 7960 772 35 . . . 7960 773 1 The the DT 7960 773 2 standard standard JJ 7960 773 3 work work NN 7960 773 4 on on IN 7960 773 5 Egyptian egyptian JJ 7960 773 6 history history NN 7960 773 7 . . . 7960 774 1 Clay Clay NNP 7960 774 2 , , , 7960 774 3 A. a. NN 7960 774 4 T. T. NNP 7960 774 5 _ _ NNP 7960 774 6 Light Light NNP 7960 774 7 on on IN 7960 774 8 the the DT 7960 774 9 East East NNP 7960 774 10 from from IN 7960 774 11 Babel Babel NNP 7960 774 12 _ _ NNP 7960 774 13 ( ( -LRB- 7960 774 14 4th 4th NNP 7960 774 15 ed ed NNP 7960 774 16 . . NNP 7960 774 17 , , , 7960 774 18 Philadelphia Philadelphia NNP 7960 774 19 , , , 7960 774 20 1915 1915 CD 7960 774 21 , , , 7960 774 22 Sunday Sunday NNP 7960 774 23 School School NNP 7960 774 24 Times Times NNP 7960 774 25 Co. Co. NNP 7960 774 26 , , , 7960 774 27 $ $ $ 7960 774 28 2.00 2.00 CD 7960 774 29 ) ) -RRB- 7960 774 30 . . . 7960 775 1 * * NFP 7960 775 2 Erman Erman NNP 7960 775 3 , , , 7960 775 4 Asolf Asolf NNP 7960 775 5 . . . 7960 776 1 _ _ NNP 7960 776 2 Life Life NNP 7960 776 3 in in IN 7960 776 4 Ancient Ancient NNP 7960 776 5 Egypt Egypt NNP 7960 776 6 _ _ NNP 7960 776 7 ( ( -LRB- 7960 776 8 N. N. NNP 7960 776 9 Y. Y. NNP 7960 776 10 , , , 7960 776 11 1894 1894 CD 7960 776 12 , , , 7960 776 13 Macmillan Macmillan NNP 7960 776 14 , , , 7960 776 15 $ $ $ 7960 776 16 6.00 6.00 CD 7960 776 17 ) ) -RRB- 7960 776 18 . . . 7960 777 1 * * NFP 7960 777 2 Handcock Handcock NNP 7960 777 3 , , , 7960 777 4 P. P. NNP 7960 777 5 S. S. NNP 7960 777 6 P. P. NNP 7960 777 7 _ _ NNP 7960 777 8 Mesopotamian Mesopotamian NNP 7960 777 9 Archaeology Archaeology NNP 7960 777 10 _ _ NNP 7960 777 11 ( ( -LRB- 7960 777 12 N. N. NNP 7960 777 13 Y. Y. NNP 7960 778 1 1912 1912 CD 7960 778 2 , , , 7960 778 3 Putnam Putnam NNP 7960 778 4 , , , 7960 778 5 $ $ $ 7960 778 6 3.50 3.50 CD 7960 778 7 ) ) -RRB- 7960 778 8 . . . 7960 779 1 Hogarth Hogarth NNP 7960 779 2 , , , 7960 779 3 D. D. NNP 7960 779 4 G. G. NNP 7960 779 5 _ _ NNP 7960 779 6 The The NNP 7960 779 7 Ancient Ancient NNP 7960 779 8 East East NNP 7960 779 9 _ _ NNP 7960 779 10 ( ( -LRB- 7960 779 11 N. N. NNP 7960 779 12 Y. Y. NNP 7960 779 13 , , , 7960 779 14 1915 1915 CD 7960 779 15 , , , 7960 779 16 Holt Holt NNP 7960 779 17 , , , 7960 779 18 50 50 CD 7960 779 19 cents cent NNS 7960 779 20 ) ) -RRB- 7960 779 21 . . . 7960 780 1 " " `` 7960 780 2 Home Home NNP 7960 780 3 University University NNP 7960 780 4 Library Library NNP 7960 780 5 . . . 7960 780 6 " " '' 7960 781 1 * * NFP 7960 781 2 Jastrow Jastrow NNP 7960 781 3 , , , 7960 781 4 Morris Morris NNP 7960 781 5 , , , 7960 781 6 Jr. Jr. NNP 7960 781 7 _ _ NNP 7960 781 8 The the DT 7960 781 9 Civilization Civilization NNP 7960 781 10 of of IN 7960 781 11 Babylonia Babylonia NNP 7960 781 12 and and CC 7960 781 13 Assyria Assyria NNP 7960 781 14 _ _ NNP 7960 781 15 ( ( -LRB- 7960 781 16 Philadelphia Philadelphia NNP 7960 781 17 , , , 7960 781 18 1915 1915 CD 7960 781 19 , , , 7960 781 20 Lippincott Lippincott NNP 7960 781 21 , , , 7960 781 22 $ $ $ 7960 781 23 6.00 6.00 CD 7960 781 24 ) ) -RRB- 7960 781 25 . . . 7960 782 1 A a DT 7960 782 2 finely finely RB 7960 782 3 illustrated illustrate VBN 7960 782 4 work work NN 7960 782 5 by by IN 7960 782 6 a a DT 7960 782 7 great great JJ 7960 782 8 scholar scholar NN 7960 782 9 . . . 7960 783 1 Macalister Macalister NNP 7960 783 2 , , , 7960 783 3 R. R. NNP 7960 783 4 A. A. NNP 7960 783 5 S. S. NNP 7960 783 6 _ _ NNP 7960 783 7 A A NNP 7960 783 8 History history NN 7960 783 9 of of IN 7960 783 10 Civilization Civilization NNP 7960 783 11 in in IN 7960 783 12 Palestine Palestine NNP 7960 783 13 _ _ NNP 7960 783 14 ( ( -LRB- 7960 783 15 N. N. NNP 7960 783 16 Y. Y. NNP 7960 783 17 , , , 7960 783 18 1912 1912 CD 7960 783 19 , , , 7960 783 20 Putnam Putnam NNP 7960 783 21 , , , 7960 783 22 35 35 CD 7960 783 23 cents cent NNS 7960 783 24 ) ) -RRB- 7960 783 25 . . . 7960 784 1 " " `` 7960 784 2 Cambridge Cambridge NNP 7960 784 3 Manuals Manuals NNP 7960 784 4 . . . 7960 784 5 " " '' 7960 785 1 Maspero Maspero NNP 7960 785 2 , , , 7960 785 3 ( ( -LRB- 7960 785 4 Sir Sir NNP 7960 785 5 ) ) -RRB- 7960 785 6 Gaston Gaston NNP 7960 785 7 . . . 7960 786 1 _ _ NNP 7960 786 2 Life Life NNP 7960 786 3 in in IN 7960 786 4 Ancient Ancient NNP 7960 786 5 Egypt Egypt NNP 7960 786 6 and and CC 7960 786 7 Assyria Assyria NNP 7960 786 8 _ _ NNP 7960 786 9 ( ( -LRB- 7960 786 10 N.Y. New York NNP 7960 786 11 , , , 7960 786 12 1892 1892 CD 7960 786 13 , , , 7960 786 14 Appleton Appleton NNP 7960 786 15 , , , 7960 786 16 $ $ $ 7960 786 17 1.50 1.50 CD 7960 786 18 ) ) -RRB- 7960 786 19 . . . 7960 787 1 Fascinating fascinating JJ 7960 787 2 and and CC 7960 787 3 authoritative authoritative JJ 7960 787 4 . . . 7960 788 1 Ragozin Ragozin NNP 7960 788 2 , , , 7960 788 3 Zénaïde Zénaïde NNP 7960 788 4 A. A. NNP 7960 789 1 _ _ NNP 7960 789 2 Earliest Earliest NNP 7960 789 3 Peoples Peoples NNPS 7960 789 4 _ _ NNP 7960 789 5 ( ( -LRB- 7960 789 6 N. N. NNP 7960 789 7 Y. Y. NNP 7960 789 8 , , , 7960 789 9 1899 1899 CD 7960 789 10 , , , 7960 789 11 Harison Harison NNP 7960 789 12 , , , 7960 789 13 60 60 CD 7960 789 14 cents cent NNS 7960 789 15 ) ) -RRB- 7960 789 16 . . . 7960 790 1 A a DT 7960 790 2 well well RB 7960 790 3 - - HYPH 7960 790 4 written write VBN 7960 790 5 , , , 7960 790 6 fully fully RB 7960 790 7 - - HYPH 7960 790 8 illustrated illustrate VBN 7960 790 9 account account NN 7960 790 10 of of IN 7960 790 11 prehistoric prehistoric JJ 7960 790 12 man man NN 7960 790 13 and and CC 7960 790 14 the the DT 7960 790 15 beginnings beginning NNS 7960 790 16 of of IN 7960 790 17 history history NN 7960 790 18 in in IN 7960 790 19 Babylonia Babylonia NNP 7960 790 20 . . . 7960 791 1 ------ ------ NFP 7960 791 2 _ _ NNP 7960 791 3 Early Early NNP 7960 791 4 Egypt Egypt NNP 7960 791 5 _ _ NNP 7960 791 6 ( ( -LRB- 7960 791 7 N. N. NNP 7960 791 8 Y. Y. NNP 7960 791 9 , , , 7960 791 10 1900 1900 CD 7960 791 11 , , , 7960 791 12 Harison Harison NNP 7960 791 13 , , , 7960 791 14 60 60 CD 7960 791 15 cents cent NNS 7960 791 16 ) ) -RRB- 7960 791 17 . . . 7960 792 1 GREEK GREEK NNP 7960 792 2 AND and CC 7960 792 3 ROMAN ROMAN VBD 7960 792 4 HISTORY HISTORY NNP 7960 792 5 Abbott Abbott NNP 7960 792 6 , , , 7960 792 7 Evelyn Evelyn NNP 7960 792 8 . . . 7960 793 1 _ _ NNP 7960 793 2 Pericles Pericles NNP 7960 793 3 and and CC 7960 793 4 the the DT 7960 793 5 Golden Golden NNP 7960 793 6 Age Age NNP 7960 793 7 of of IN 7960 793 8 Athens Athens NNP 7960 793 9 _ _ NNP 7960 793 10 ( ( -LRB- 7960 793 11 N. N. NNP 7960 793 12 Y. Y. NNP 7960 793 13 , , , 7960 793 14 1891 1891 CD 7960 793 15 , , , 7960 793 16 Putnam Putnam NNP 7960 793 17 , , , 7960 793 18 $ $ $ 7960 793 19 1.50 1.50 CD 7960 793 20 ) ) -RRB- 7960 793 21 . . . 7960 794 1 " " `` 7960 794 2 Heroes Heroes NNPS 7960 794 3 of of IN 7960 794 4 the the DT 7960 794 5 Nations Nations NNPS 7960 794 6 . . . 7960 794 7 " " '' 7960 795 1 Baikie Baikie NNP 7960 795 2 , , , 7960 795 3 James James NNP 7960 795 4 . . . 7960 796 1 _ _ NNP 7960 796 2 The the DT 7960 796 3 Sea Sea NNP 7960 796 4 - - HYPH 7960 796 5 Kings Kings NNP 7960 796 6 of of IN 7960 796 7 Crete Crete NNP 7960 796 8 _ _ NNP 7960 796 9 ( ( -LRB- 7960 796 10 2d 2d NNP 7960 796 11 ed ed NNP 7960 796 12 . . NNP 7960 796 13 , , , 7960 796 14 N. N. NNP 7960 796 15 Y. Y. NNP 7960 796 16 , , , 7960 796 17 1912 1912 CD 7960 796 18 , , , 7960 796 19 Macmillan Macmillan NNP 7960 796 20 , , , 7960 796 21 $ $ $ 7960 796 22 1.75 1.75 CD 7960 796 23 ) ) -RRB- 7960 796 24 . . . 7960 797 1 A a DT 7960 797 2 clear clear JJ 7960 797 3 and and CC 7960 797 4 vivid vivid JJ 7960 797 5 summary summary NN 7960 797 6 of of IN 7960 797 7 Cretan Cretan NNP 7960 797 8 archaeology archaeology NN 7960 797 9 . . . 7960 798 1 Blümner Blümner NNP 7960 798 2 , , , 7960 798 3 Hugo Hugo NNP 7960 798 4 . . . 7960 799 1 _ _ NNP 7960 799 2 The the DT 7960 799 3 Home Home NNP 7960 799 4 Life Life NNP 7960 799 5 of of IN 7960 799 6 the the DT 7960 799 7 Ancient Ancient NNP 7960 799 8 Greeks Greeks NNPS 7960 799 9 _ _ NNP 7960 799 10 , , , 7960 799 11 translated translate VBN 7960 799 12 by by IN 7960 799 13 Alice Alice NNP 7960 799 14 Zimmern Zimmern NNP 7960 799 15 ( ( -LRB- 7960 799 16 3d 3d NNP 7960 799 17 ed ed NNP 7960 799 18 . . NNP 7960 799 19 , , , 7960 799 20 N. N. NNP 7960 799 21 Y. Y. NNP 7960 799 22 , , , 7960 799 23 1910 1910 CD 7960 799 24 , , , 7960 799 25 Funk Funk NNP 7960 799 26 and and CC 7960 799 27 Wagnalls Wagnalls NNP 7960 799 28 Co. Co. NNP 7960 799 29 , , , 7960 799 30 $ $ $ 7960 799 31 2.00 2.00 CD 7960 799 32 ) ) -RRB- 7960 799 33 . . . 7960 800 1 Bulley Bulley NNP 7960 800 2 , , , 7960 800 3 Margaret Margaret NNP 7960 800 4 H. H. NNP 7960 800 5 _ _ NNP 7960 800 6 Ancient Ancient NNP 7960 800 7 and and CC 7960 800 8 Medieval Medieval NNP 7960 800 9 Art Art NNP 7960 800 10 _ _ NNP 7960 800 11 ( ( -LRB- 7960 800 12 N. N. NNP 7960 800 13 Y. Y. NNP 7960 800 14 , , , 7960 800 15 1914 1914 CD 7960 800 16 , , , 7960 800 17 Macmillan Macmillan NNP 7960 800 18 , , , 7960 800 19 $ $ $ 7960 800 20 1.75 1.75 CD 7960 800 21 ) ) -RRB- 7960 800 22 . . . 7960 801 1 An an DT 7960 801 2 elementary elementary JJ 7960 801 3 treatment treatment NN 7960 801 4 , , , 7960 801 5 particularly particularly RB 7960 801 6 designed design VBN 7960 801 7 for for IN 7960 801 8 schools school NNS 7960 801 9 . . . 7960 802 1 Church church NN 7960 802 2 , , , 7960 802 3 A. a. NN 7960 802 4 J. J. NNP 7960 802 5 , , , 7960 802 6 and and CC 7960 802 7 Gilman Gilman NNP 7960 802 8 , , , 7960 802 9 Arthur Arthur NNP 7960 802 10 . . . 7960 803 1 _ _ NNP 7960 803 2 The the DT 7960 803 3 Story Story NNP 7960 803 4 of of IN 7960 803 5 Carthage Carthage NNP 7960 803 6 _ _ NNP 7960 803 7 ( ( -LRB- 7960 803 8 N. N. NNP 7960 803 9 Y. Y. NNP 7960 803 10 , , , 7960 803 11 1886 1886 CD 7960 803 12 , , , 7960 803 13 Putnam Putnam NNP 7960 803 14 , , , 7960 803 15 $ $ $ 7960 803 16 1.50 1.50 CD 7960 803 17 ) ) -RRB- 7960 803 18 . . . 7960 804 1 " " `` 7960 804 2 Story story NN 7960 804 3 of of IN 7960 804 4 the the DT 7960 804 5 Nations Nations NNPS 7960 804 6 " " `` 7960 804 7 Davis Davis NNP 7960 804 8 , , , 7960 804 9 W. W. NNP 7960 804 10 S. S. NNP 7960 804 11 _ _ NNP 7960 804 12 The the DT 7960 804 13 Influence Influence NNP 7960 804 14 of of IN 7960 804 15 Wealth Wealth NNP 7960 804 16 in in IN 7960 804 17 Imperial Imperial NNP 7960 804 18 Rome Rome NNP 7960 804 19 _ _ NNP 7960 804 20 ( ( -LRB- 7960 804 21 N. N. NNP 7960 804 22 Y. Y. NNP 7960 804 23 , , , 7960 804 24 1910 1910 CD 7960 804 25 , , , 7960 804 26 Macmillan Macmillan NNP 7960 804 27 , , , 7960 804 28 $ $ $ 7960 804 29 2.00 2.00 CD 7960 804 30 ) ) -RRB- 7960 804 31 . . . 7960 805 1 An an DT 7960 805 2 interesting interesting JJ 7960 805 3 treatment treatment NN 7960 805 4 of of IN 7960 805 5 an an DT 7960 805 6 important important JJ 7960 805 7 theme theme NN 7960 805 8 . . . 7960 806 1 ------ ------ NFP 7960 806 2 _ _ NNP 7960 806 3 A A NNP 7960 806 4 Day Day NNP 7960 806 5 in in IN 7960 806 6 Old Old NNP 7960 806 7 Athens Athens NNP 7960 806 8 _ _ NNP 7960 806 9 ( ( -LRB- 7960 806 10 Boston Boston NNP 7960 806 11 , , , 7960 806 12 1914 1914 CD 7960 806 13 , , , 7960 806 14 Allyn Allyn NNP 7960 806 15 and and CC 7960 806 16 Bacon Bacon NNP 7960 806 17 , , , 7960 806 18 $ $ $ 7960 806 19 1.00 1.00 CD 7960 806 20 ) ) -RRB- 7960 806 21 . . . 7960 807 1 ------ ------ NFP 7960 807 2 _ _ NNP 7960 807 3 An an DT 7960 807 4 Outline Outline NNP 7960 807 5 History history NN 7960 807 6 of of IN 7960 807 7 the the DT 7960 807 8 Roman Roman NNP 7960 807 9 Empire Empire NNP 7960 807 10 _ _ NNP 7960 807 11 ( ( -LRB- 7960 807 12 N. N. NNP 7960 807 13 Y. Y. NNP 7960 807 14 , , , 7960 807 15 1909 1909 CD 7960 807 16 , , , 7960 807 17 Macmillan Macmillan NNP 7960 807 18 , , , 7960 807 19 65 65 CD 7960 807 20 cents cent NNS 7960 807 21 ) ) -RRB- 7960 807 22 . . . 7960 808 1 Covers cover NNS 7960 808 2 the the DT 7960 808 3 period period NN 7960 808 4 44 44 CD 7960 808 5 B.C.-378 B.C.-378 NNP 7960 808 6 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 808 7 * * NFP 7960 808 8 Dennie Dennie NNP 7960 808 9 , , , 7960 808 10 John John NNP 7960 808 11 . . . 7960 809 1 _ _ NNP 7960 809 2 Rome Rome NNP 7960 809 3 of of IN 7960 809 4 To To NNP 7960 809 5 - - HYPH 7960 809 6 day day NN 7960 809 7 and and CC 7960 809 8 Yesterday yesterday NN 7960 809 9 ; ; : 7960 809 10 the the DT 7960 809 11 Pagan Pagan NNP 7960 809 12 City City NNP 7960 809 13 _ _ NNP 7960 809 14 ( ( -LRB- 7960 809 15 5th 5th NNP 7960 809 16 ed ed NNP 7960 809 17 . . NNP 7960 809 18 , , , 7960 809 19 N. N. NNP 7960 809 20 Y. Y. NNP 7960 809 21 , , , 7960 809 22 1909 1909 CD 7960 809 23 , , , 7960 809 24 Putnam Putnam NNP 7960 809 25 , , , 7960 809 26 $ $ $ 7960 809 27 3.50 3.50 CD 7960 809 28 ) ) -RRB- 7960 809 29 . . . 7960 810 1 Fowler Fowler NNP 7960 810 2 , , , 7960 810 3 W. W. NNP 7960 810 4 W. W. NNP 7960 810 5 _ _ NNP 7960 810 6 Rome Rome NNP 7960 810 7 _ _ NNP 7960 810 8 ( ( -LRB- 7960 810 9 N. N. NNP 7960 810 10 Y. Y. NNP 7960 810 11 , , , 7960 810 12 1912 1912 CD 7960 810 13 , , , 7960 810 14 Holt Holt NNP 7960 810 15 , , , 7960 810 16 50 50 CD 7960 810 17 cents cent NNS 7960 810 18 ) ) -RRB- 7960 810 19 . . . 7960 811 1 ------ ------ NFP 7960 811 2 _ _ NNP 7960 811 3 The the DT 7960 811 4 City City NNP 7960 811 5 - - HYPH 7960 811 6 State State NNP 7960 811 7 of of IN 7960 811 8 the the DT 7960 811 9 Greeks Greeks NNPS 7960 811 10 and and CC 7960 811 11 Romans Romans NNPS 7960 811 12 _ _ NNP 7960 811 13 ( ( -LRB- 7960 811 14 N. N. NNP 7960 811 15 Y. Y. NNP 7960 811 16 , , , 7960 811 17 1893 1893 CD 7960 811 18 , , , 7960 811 19 Macmillan Macmillan NNP 7960 811 20 , , , 7960 811 21 $ $ $ 7960 811 22 1.00 1.00 CD 7960 811 23 ) ) -RRB- 7960 811 24 . . . 7960 812 1 The the DT 7960 812 2 only only JJ 7960 812 3 constitutional constitutional JJ 7960 812 4 history history NN 7960 812 5 of of IN 7960 812 6 the the DT 7960 812 7 classical classical JJ 7960 812 8 peoples people NNS 7960 812 9 intelligible intelligible JJ 7960 812 10 to to IN 7960 812 11 elementary elementary JJ 7960 812 12 students student NNS 7960 812 13 . . . 7960 813 1 ------ ------ NFP 7960 813 2 _ _ NNP 7960 813 3 Social Social NNP 7960 813 4 Life Life NNP 7960 813 5 at at IN 7960 813 6 Rome Rome NNP 7960 813 7 in in IN 7960 813 8 the the DT 7960 813 9 Age Age NNP 7960 813 10 of of IN 7960 813 11 Cicero Cicero NNP 7960 813 12 _ _ NNP 7960 813 13 ( ( -LRB- 7960 813 14 N. N. NNP 7960 813 15 Y. Y. NNP 7960 813 16 , , , 7960 813 17 1909 1909 CD 7960 813 18 , , , 7960 813 19 Macmillan Macmillan NNP 7960 813 20 , , , 7960 813 21 50 50 CD 7960 813 22 cents cent NNS 7960 813 23 ) ) -RRB- 7960 813 24 . . . 7960 814 1 In in IN 7960 814 2 every every DT 7960 814 3 way way NN 7960 814 4 admirable admirable JJ 7960 814 5 . . . 7960 815 1 ------ ------ NFP 7960 815 2 _ _ NNP 7960 815 3 Julius Julius NNP 7960 815 4 Caesar Caesar NNP 7960 815 5 and and CC 7960 815 6 the the DT 7960 815 7 Foundation Foundation NNP 7960 815 8 of of IN 7960 815 9 the the DT 7960 815 10 Roman Roman NNP 7960 815 11 Imperial Imperial NNP 7960 815 12 System System NNP 7960 815 13 _ _ NNP 7960 815 14 ( ( -LRB- 7960 815 15 2d 2d NNP 7960 815 16 ed ed NNP 7960 815 17 . . NNP 7960 815 18 , , , 7960 815 19 N. N. NNP 7960 815 20 Y. Y. NNP 7960 815 21 , , , 7960 815 22 1897 1897 CD 7960 815 23 , , , 7960 815 24 Putnam Putnam NNP 7960 815 25 , , , 7960 815 26 $ $ $ 7960 815 27 1.50 1.50 CD 7960 815 28 ) ) -RRB- 7960 815 29 . . . 7960 816 1 " " `` 7960 816 2 Heroes Heroes NNPS 7960 816 3 of of IN 7960 816 4 the the DT 7960 816 5 Nations Nations NNPS 7960 816 6 . . . 7960 816 7 " " '' 7960 817 1 * * NFP 7960 817 2 Gardner Gardner NNP 7960 817 3 , , , 7960 817 4 E. E. NNP 7960 817 5 A. A. NNP 7960 818 1 _ _ NNP 7960 818 2 Ancient Ancient NNP 7960 818 3 Athens Athens NNP 7960 818 4 _ _ NNP 7960 818 5 ( ( -LRB- 7960 818 6 N. N. NNP 7960 818 7 Y. Y. NNP 7960 818 8 , , , 7960 818 9 1902 1902 CD 7960 818 10 , , , 7960 818 11 Macmillan Macmillan NNP 7960 818 12 , , , 7960 818 13 $ $ $ 7960 818 14 3.50 3.50 CD 7960 818 15 ) ) -RRB- 7960 818 16 . . . 7960 819 1 Gayley Gayley NNP 7960 819 2 , , , 7960 819 3 C. C. NNP 7960 819 4 M. M. NNP 7960 819 5 _ _ NNP 7960 819 6 The the DT 7960 819 7 Classic Classic NNP 7960 819 8 Myths Myths NNPS 7960 819 9 in in IN 7960 819 10 English English NNP 7960 819 11 Literature Literature NNP 7960 819 12 and and CC 7960 819 13 in in IN 7960 819 14 Art art NN 7960 819 15 _ _ NNP 7960 819 16 ( ( -LRB- 7960 819 17 2d 2d NNP 7960 819 18 ed ed NNP 7960 819 19 . . NNP 7960 819 20 , , , 7960 819 21 Boston Boston NNP 7960 819 22 , , , 7960 819 23 1911 1911 CD 7960 819 24 , , , 7960 819 25 Ginn Ginn NNP 7960 819 26 , , , 7960 819 27 $ $ $ 7960 819 28 1.60 1.60 CD 7960 819 29 ) ) -RRB- 7960 819 30 . . . 7960 820 1 Of of IN 7960 820 2 special special JJ 7960 820 3 importance importance NN 7960 820 4 for for IN 7960 820 5 the the DT 7960 820 6 illustrations illustration NNS 7960 820 7 . . . 7960 821 1 Goodyear Goodyear NNP 7960 821 2 , , , 7960 821 3 W. W. NNP 7960 821 4 H. H. NNP 7960 821 5 _ _ NNP 7960 821 6 Roman Roman NNP 7960 821 7 and and CC 7960 821 8 Medieval Medieval NNP 7960 821 9 Art Art NNP 7960 821 10 _ _ NNP 7960 821 11 ( ( -LRB- 7960 821 12 2d 2d NNP 7960 821 13 ed ed NNP 7960 821 14 . . NNP 7960 821 15 , , , 7960 821 16 N. N. NNP 7960 821 17 Y. Y. NNP 7960 821 18 , , , 7960 821 19 1897 1897 CD 7960 821 20 , , , 7960 821 21 Macmillan Macmillan NNP 7960 821 22 , , , 7960 821 23 $ $ $ 7960 821 24 1.00 1.00 CD 7960 821 25 ) ) -RRB- 7960 821 26 . . . 7960 822 1 Grant Grant NNP 7960 822 2 , , , 7960 822 3 A. a. NN 7960 822 4 J. J. NNP 7960 823 1 _ _ IN 7960 823 2 Greece Greece NNP 7960 823 3 in in IN 7960 823 4 the the DT 7960 823 5 Age Age NNP 7960 823 6 of of IN 7960 823 7 Pericles Pericles NNP 7960 823 8 _ _ NNP 7960 823 9 ( ( -LRB- 7960 823 10 N. N. NNP 7960 823 11 Y. Y. NNP 7960 823 12 , , , 7960 823 13 1893 1893 CD 7960 823 14 , , , 7960 823 15 Scribner Scribner NNP 7960 823 16 , , , 7960 823 17 $ $ $ 7960 823 18 1.25 1.25 CD 7960 823 19 ) ) -RRB- 7960 823 20 . . . 7960 824 1 Gulick Gulick NNP 7960 824 2 , , , 7960 824 3 C. C. NNP 7960 824 4 B. B. NNP 7960 825 1 _ _ NNP 7960 825 2 The the DT 7960 825 3 Life Life NNP 7960 825 4 of of IN 7960 825 5 the the DT 7960 825 6 Ancient Ancient NNP 7960 825 7 Greeks Greeks NNPS 7960 825 8 _ _ NNP 7960 825 9 ( ( -LRB- 7960 825 10 N. N. NNP 7960 825 11 Y. Y. NNP 7960 825 12 , , , 7960 825 13 1902 1902 CD 7960 825 14 , , , 7960 825 15 Appleton Appleton NNP 7960 825 16 , , , 7960 825 17 $ $ $ 7960 825 18 1.40 1.40 CD 7960 825 19 ) ) -RRB- 7960 825 20 . . . 7960 826 1 * * NFP 7960 826 2 Hall Hall NNP 7960 826 3 , , , 7960 826 4 H. H. NNP 7960 826 5 R. R. NNP 7960 826 6 _ _ NNP 7960 826 7 Aegean Aegean NNP 7960 826 8 Archeology Archeology NNP 7960 826 9 _ _ NNP 7960 826 10 ( ( -LRB- 7960 826 11 N. N. NNP 7960 826 12 Y. Y. NNP 7960 826 13 , , , 7960 826 14 1915 1915 CD 7960 826 15 , , , 7960 826 16 Putnam Putnam NNP 7960 826 17 , , , 7960 826 18 $ $ $ 7960 826 19 3.75 3.75 CD 7960 826 20 ) ) -RRB- 7960 826 21 . . . 7960 827 1 A a DT 7960 827 2 well- well- NN 7960 827 3 written write VBN 7960 827 4 and and CC 7960 827 5 well well RB 7960 827 6 - - HYPH 7960 827 7 illustrated illustrate VBN 7960 827 8 volume volume NN 7960 827 9 . . . 7960 828 1 Hawes Hawes NNP 7960 828 2 , , , 7960 828 3 C. C. NNP 7960 828 4 H. H. NNP 7960 828 5 , , , 7960 828 6 and and CC 7960 828 7 Hawes Hawes NNP 7960 828 8 , , , 7960 828 9 HARRIET HARRIET NNP 7960 828 10 B. B. NNP 7960 829 1 _ _ NNP 7960 829 2 Crete Crete NNP 7960 829 3 , , , 7960 829 4 the the DT 7960 829 5 Forerunner Forerunner NNP 7960 829 6 of of IN 7960 829 7 Greece Greece NNP 7960 829 8 _ _ NNP 7960 829 9 ( ( -LRB- 7960 829 10 N. N. NNP 7960 829 11 Y. Y. NNP 7960 829 12 , , , 7960 829 13 1909 1909 CD 7960 829 14 , , , 7960 829 15 Harper Harper NNP 7960 829 16 , , , 7960 829 17 75 75 CD 7960 829 18 cents cent NNS 7960 829 19 ) ) -RRB- 7960 829 20 . . . 7960 830 1 How how WRB 7960 830 2 , , , 7960 830 3 W. W. NNP 7960 830 4 W. W. NNP 7960 830 5 _ _ NNP 7960 830 6 Hannibal Hannibal NNP 7960 830 7 and and CC 7960 830 8 the the DT 7960 830 9 Great Great NNP 7960 830 10 War War NNP 7960 830 11 between between IN 7960 830 12 Rome Rome NNP 7960 830 13 and and CC 7960 830 14 Carthage Carthage NNP 7960 830 15 _ _ NNP 7960 830 16 ( ( -LRB- 7960 830 17 London London NNP 7960 830 18 , , , 7960 830 19 1899 1899 CD 7960 830 20 , , , 7960 830 21 Seeley Seeley NNP 7960 830 22 , , , 7960 830 23 2_s 2_s CD 7960 830 24 _ _ NNP 7960 830 25 . . . 7960 830 26 ) ) -RRB- 7960 830 27 . . . 7960 831 1 Jones Jones NNP 7960 831 2 , , , 7960 831 3 H. H. NNP 7960 831 4 S. S. NNP 7960 831 5 _ _ NNP 7960 831 6 The the DT 7960 831 7 Roman Roman NNP 7960 831 8 Empire Empire NNP 7960 831 9 , , , 7960 831 10 B.C. B.C. NNP 7960 832 1 29-A.D. 29-a.d. CD 7960 832 2 476 476 CD 7960 832 3 _ _ NNP 7960 832 4 ( ( -LRB- 7960 832 5 N. N. NNP 7960 832 6 Y. Y. NNP 7960 832 7 , , , 7960 832 8 1908 1908 CD 7960 832 9 , , , 7960 832 10 Putnam Putnam NNP 7960 832 11 , , , 7960 832 12 $ $ $ 7960 832 13 1.50 1.50 CD 7960 832 14 ) ) -RRB- 7960 832 15 . . . 7960 833 1 " " `` 7960 833 2 Story story NN 7960 833 3 of of IN 7960 833 4 the the DT 7960 833 5 Nations Nations NNPS 7960 833 6 . . . 7960 833 7 " " '' 7960 834 1 * * NFP 7960 834 2 Lanciani Lanciani NNP 7960 834 3 , , , 7960 834 4 Rudolfo Rudolfo NNP 7960 834 5 . . . 7960 835 1 _ _ NNP 7960 835 2 The the DT 7960 835 3 Ruins Ruins NNPS 7960 835 4 and and CC 7960 835 5 Excavations Excavations NNPS 7960 835 6 of of IN 7960 835 7 Ancient Ancient NNP 7960 835 8 Rome Rome NNP 7960 835 9 _ _ NNP 7960 835 10 ( ( -LRB- 7960 835 11 Boston Boston NNP 7960 835 12 , , , 7960 835 13 1898 1898 CD 7960 835 14 , , , 7960 835 15 Houghton Houghton NNP 7960 835 16 Mifflin Mifflin NNP 7960 835 17 Co. Co. NNP 7960 835 18 , , , 7960 835 19 $ $ $ 7960 835 20 4.00 4.00 CD 7960 835 21 ) ) -RRB- 7960 835 22 . . . 7960 836 1 Mahaffy Mahaffy NNP 7960 836 2 , , , 7960 836 3 J. J. NNP 7960 836 4 P. P. NNP 7960 836 5 _ _ NNP 7960 836 6 Old Old NNP 7960 836 7 Greek Greek NNP 7960 836 8 Life Life NNP 7960 836 9 _ _ NNP 7960 836 10 ( ( -LRB- 7960 836 11 N. N. NNP 7960 836 12 Y. Y. NNP 7960 836 13 , , , 7960 836 14 1876 1876 CD 7960 836 15 , , , 7960 836 16 American American NNP 7960 836 17 Book Book NNP 7960 836 18 Co. Co. NNP 7960 836 19 , , , 7960 836 20 35 35 CD 7960 836 21 cents cent NNS 7960 836 22 ) ) -RRB- 7960 836 23 . . . 7960 837 1 ------ ------ NFP 7960 837 2 _ _ XX 7960 837 3 What what WP 7960 837 4 have have VBP 7960 837 5 the the DT 7960 837 6 Greeks Greeks NNPS 7960 837 7 done do VBN 7960 837 8 for for IN 7960 837 9 Modern Modern NNP 7960 837 10 Civilization Civilization NNP 7960 837 11 ? ? . 7960 837 12 _ _ NNP 7960 837 13 ( ( -LRB- 7960 837 14 N. N. NNP 7960 837 15 Y. Y. NNP 7960 837 16 , , , 7960 837 17 1909 1909 CD 7960 837 18 , , , 7960 837 19 Putnam Putnam NNP 7960 837 20 , , , 7960 837 21 $ $ $ 7960 837 22 1.50 1.50 CD 7960 837 23 ) ) -RRB- 7960 837 24 . . . 7960 838 1 Mahaffy Mahaffy NNP 7960 838 2 , , , 7960 838 3 J. J. NNP 7960 838 4 P. P. NNP 7960 838 5 , , , 7960 838 6 and and CC 7960 838 7 Gilman Gilman NNP 7960 838 8 , , , 7960 838 9 Arthur Arthur NNP 7960 838 10 . . . 7960 839 1 _ _ NNP 7960 839 2 The the DT 7960 839 3 Story Story NNP 7960 839 4 of of IN 7960 839 5 Alexander Alexander NNP 7960 839 6 's 's POS 7960 839 7 Empire Empire NNP 7960 839 8 _ _ NNP 7960 839 9 ( ( -LRB- 7960 839 10 N. N. NNP 7960 839 11 Y. Y. NNP 7960 839 12 , , , 7960 839 13 1887 1887 CD 7960 839 14 , , , 7960 839 15 Putnam Putnam NNP 7960 839 16 , , , 7960 839 17 $ $ $ 7960 839 18 1.50 1.50 CD 7960 839 19 ) ) -RRB- 7960 839 20 . . . 7960 840 1 The the DT 7960 840 2 only only JJ 7960 840 3 concise concise NN 7960 840 4 narrative narrative NN 7960 840 5 of of IN 7960 840 6 the the DT 7960 840 7 Hellenistic hellenistic JJ 7960 840 8 period period NN 7960 840 9 . . . 7960 841 1 * * NFP 7960 841 2 Mau Mau NNP 7960 841 3 , , , 7960 841 4 August August NNP 7960 841 5 . . . 7960 842 1 _ _ NNP 7960 842 2 Pompeii Pompeii NNP 7960 842 3 : : : 7960 842 4 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 842 5 Life Life NNP 7960 842 6 and and CC 7960 842 7 Art Art NNP 7960 842 8 _ _ NNP 7960 842 9 , , , 7960 842 10 translated translate VBN 7960 842 11 by by IN 7960 842 12 F. F. NNP 7960 842 13 W. W. NNP 7960 842 14 Kelsey Kelsey NNP 7960 842 15 ( ( -LRB- 7960 842 16 N. N. NNP 7960 842 17 Y. Y. NNP 7960 842 18 , , , 7960 842 19 1899 1899 CD 7960 842 20 , , , 7960 842 21 Macmillan Macmillan NNP 7960 842 22 , , , 7960 842 23 $ $ $ 7960 842 24 2.50 2.50 CD 7960 842 25 ) ) -RRB- 7960 842 26 . . . 7960 843 1 Morris Morris NNP 7960 843 2 , , , 7960 843 3 W. W. NNP 7960 843 4 O'C. O'C. NNP 7960 844 1 _ _ NNP 7960 844 2 Hannibal Hannibal NNP 7960 844 3 and and CC 7960 844 4 the the DT 7960 844 5 Crisis Crisis NNP 7960 844 6 of of IN 7960 844 7 the the DT 7960 844 8 Struggle Struggle NNP 7960 844 9 between between IN 7960 844 10 Carthage Carthage NNP 7960 844 11 and and CC 7960 844 12 Rome Rome NNP 7960 844 13 _ _ NNP 7960 844 14 ( ( -LRB- 7960 844 15 N. N. NNP 7960 844 16 Y. Y. NNP 7960 844 17 , , , 7960 844 18 1897 1897 CD 7960 844 19 , , , 7960 844 20 Putnam Putnam NNP 7960 844 21 , , , 7960 844 22 $ $ $ 7960 844 23 1.50 1.50 CD 7960 844 24 ) ) -RRB- 7960 844 25 . . . 7960 845 1 " " `` 7960 845 2 Heroes Heroes NNPS 7960 845 3 of of IN 7960 845 4 the the DT 7960 845 5 Nations Nations NNPS 7960 845 6 . . . 7960 845 7 " " '' 7960 846 1 Oman Oman NNP 7960 846 2 , , , 7960 846 3 Charles Charles NNP 7960 846 4 . . . 7960 847 1 _ _ NNP 7960 847 2 Seven Seven NNP 7960 847 3 Roman Roman NNP 7960 847 4 Statesmen Statesmen NNP 7960 847 5 of of IN 7960 847 6 the the DT 7960 847 7 Later Later NNP 7960 847 8 Republic Republic NNP 7960 847 9 _ _ NNP 7960 847 10 ( ( -LRB- 7960 847 11 N. N. NNP 7960 847 12 Y. Y. NNP 7960 847 13 , , , 7960 847 14 1902 1902 CD 7960 847 15 , , , 7960 847 16 Longmans Longmans NNPS 7960 847 17 , , , 7960 847 18 Green Green NNP 7960 847 19 , , , 7960 847 20 and and CC 7960 847 21 Co. Co. NNP 7960 847 22 , , , 7960 847 23 $ $ $ 7960 847 24 1.60 1.60 CD 7960 847 25 ) ) -RRB- 7960 847 26 . . . 7960 848 1 A a DT 7960 848 2 biographical biographical JJ 7960 848 3 presentation presentation NN 7960 848 4 of of IN 7960 848 5 Roman roman JJ 7960 848 6 history history NN 7960 848 7 . . . 7960 849 1 Pellison Pellison NNP 7960 849 2 , , , 7960 849 3 Maurice Maurice NNP 7960 849 4 . . . 7960 850 1 _ _ NNP 7960 850 2 Roman Roman NNP 7960 850 3 Life Life NNP 7960 850 4 in in IN 7960 850 5 Pliny Pliny NNP 7960 850 6 's 's POS 7960 850 7 Time Time NNP 7960 850 8 _ _ NNP 7960 850 9 , , , 7960 850 10 translated translate VBN 7960 850 11 by by IN 7960 850 12 Maud Maud NNP 7960 850 13 Wilkinson Wilkinson NNP 7960 850 14 ( ( -LRB- 7960 850 15 Philadelphia Philadelphia NNP 7960 850 16 , , , 7960 850 17 1897 1897 CD 7960 850 18 , , , 7960 850 19 Jacobs Jacobs NNP 7960 850 20 , , , 7960 850 21 $ $ $ 7960 850 22 1.00 1.00 CD 7960 850 23 ) ) -RRB- 7960 850 24 . . . 7960 851 1 Pickard Pickard NNP 7960 851 2 - - HYPH 7960 851 3 Cambridge Cambridge NNP 7960 851 4 , , , 7960 851 5 A. a. NN 7960 851 6 W. W. NNP 7960 851 7 _ _ NNP 7960 851 8 Demosthenes Demosthenes NNPS 7960 851 9 and and CC 7960 851 10 the the DT 7960 851 11 Last last JJ 7960 851 12 Days day NNS 7960 851 13 of of IN 7960 851 14 Greek Greek NNP 7960 851 15 Freedom Freedom NNP 7960 851 16 _ _ NNP 7960 851 17 ( ( -LRB- 7960 851 18 N. N. NNP 7960 851 19 Y. Y. NNP 7960 851 20 , , , 7960 851 21 1914 1914 CD 7960 851 22 , , , 7960 851 23 Putnam Putnam NNP 7960 851 24 , , , 7960 851 25 $ $ $ 7960 851 26 1.50 1.50 CD 7960 851 27 ) ) -RRB- 7960 851 28 . . . 7960 852 1 " " `` 7960 852 2 Heroes Heroes NNPS 7960 852 3 of of IN 7960 852 4 the the DT 7960 852 5 Nations Nations NNPS 7960 852 6 . . . 7960 852 7 " " '' 7960 853 1 Powers power NNS 7960 853 2 , , , 7960 853 3 H. H. NNP 7960 853 4 H. H. NNP 7960 853 5 _ _ NNP 7960 853 6 The the DT 7960 853 7 Message Message NNP 7960 853 8 of of IN 7960 853 9 Greek Greek NNP 7960 853 10 Art Art NNP 7960 853 11 _ _ NNP 7960 853 12 ( ( -LRB- 7960 853 13 N. N. NNP 7960 853 14 Y. Y. NNP 7960 853 15 , , , 7960 853 16 1913 1913 CD 7960 853 17 , , , 7960 853 18 Macmillan Macmillan NNP 7960 853 19 , , , 7960 853 20 50 50 CD 7960 853 21 cents cent NNS 7960 853 22 ) ) -RRB- 7960 853 23 . . . 7960 854 1 Preston Preston NNP 7960 854 2 , , , 7960 854 3 Harriet Harriet NNP 7960 854 4 W. W. NNP 7960 854 5 , , , 7960 854 6 and and CC 7960 854 7 Dodge Dodge NNP 7960 854 8 , , , 7960 854 9 Louise Louise NNP 7960 854 10 . . . 7960 855 1 _ _ NNP 7960 855 2 The the DT 7960 855 3 Private Private NNP 7960 855 4 Life Life NNP 7960 855 5 of of IN 7960 855 6 the the DT 7960 855 7 Romans Romans NNPS 7960 855 8 _ _ NNP 7960 855 9 ( ( -LRB- 7960 855 10 N. N. NNP 7960 855 11 Y. Y. NNP 7960 855 12 , , , 7960 855 13 1893 1893 CD 7960 855 14 , , , 7960 855 15 Sanborn Sanborn NNP 7960 855 16 , , , 7960 855 17 $ $ $ 7960 855 18 1.05 1.05 CD 7960 855 19 ) ) -RRB- 7960 855 20 . . . 7960 856 1 Robinson Robinson NNP 7960 856 2 , , , 7960 856 3 C. C. NNP 7960 856 4 E. E. NNP 7960 856 5 _ _ NNP 7960 856 6 The the DT 7960 856 7 Days Days NNPS 7960 856 8 of of IN 7960 856 9 Alcibiades Alcibiades NNPS 7960 856 10 _ _ NNP 7960 856 11 ( ( -LRB- 7960 856 12 N. N. NNP 7960 856 13 Y. Y. NNP 7960 856 14 , , , 7960 856 15 1916 1916 CD 7960 856 16 , , , 7960 856 17 Longmans Longmans NNPS 7960 856 18 , , , 7960 856 19 Green Green NNP 7960 856 20 , , , 7960 856 21 and and CC 7960 856 22 Co. Co. NNP 7960 856 23 , , , 7960 856 24 $ $ $ 7960 856 25 1.50 1.50 CD 7960 856 26 ) ) -RRB- 7960 856 27 , , , 7960 856 28 A a DT 7960 856 29 picture picture NN 7960 856 30 of of IN 7960 856 31 Greek greek JJ 7960 856 32 life life NN 7960 856 33 and and CC 7960 856 34 culture culture NN 7960 856 35 in in IN 7960 856 36 the the DT 7960 856 37 Age Age NNP 7960 856 38 of of IN 7960 856 39 Pericles Pericles NNP 7960 856 40 . . . 7960 857 1 * * NFP 7960 857 2 Seymour seymour NN 7960 857 3 , , , 7960 857 4 T. T. NNP 7960 857 5 D. D. NNP 7960 857 6 _ _ NNP 7960 857 7 Life Life NNP 7960 857 8 in in IN 7960 857 9 the the DT 7960 857 10 Homeric Homeric NNP 7960 857 11 Age Age NNP 7960 857 12 _ _ NNP 7960 857 13 ( ( -LRB- 7960 857 14 N. N. NNP 7960 857 15 Y. Y. NNP 7960 857 16 , , , 7960 857 17 1907 1907 CD 7960 857 18 , , , 7960 857 19 Macmillan Macmillan NNP 7960 857 20 , , , 7960 857 21 $ $ $ 7960 857 22 4.00 4.00 CD 7960 857 23 ) ) -RRB- 7960 857 24 . . . 7960 858 1 * * NFP 7960 858 2 Stobart Stobart NNP 7960 858 3 , , , 7960 858 4 J. J. NNP 7960 858 5 C. C. NNP 7960 858 6 _ _ NNP 7960 858 7 The The NNP 7960 858 8 Glory Glory NNP 7960 858 9 that that WDT 7960 858 10 was be VBD 7960 858 11 Greece Greece NNP 7960 858 12 : : : 7960 858 13 a a DT 7960 858 14 Survey Survey NNP 7960 858 15 of of IN 7960 858 16 Hellenic Hellenic NNP 7960 858 17 Culture Culture NNP 7960 858 18 and and CC 7960 858 19 Civilization Civilization NNP 7960 858 20 _ _ NNP 7960 858 21 ( ( -LRB- 7960 858 22 Philadelphia Philadelphia NNP 7960 858 23 , , , 7960 858 24 1911 1911 CD 7960 858 25 , , , 7960 858 26 Lippincott Lippincott NNP 7960 858 27 , , , 7960 858 28 $ $ $ 7960 858 29 7.50 7.50 CD 7960 858 30 ) ) -RRB- 7960 858 31 . . . 7960 859 1 ------ ------ NFP 7960 859 2 _ _ NNP 7960 859 3 The the DT 7960 859 4 Grandeur Grandeur NNP 7960 859 5 that that WDT 7960 859 6 was be VBD 7960 859 7 Rome Rome NNP 7960 859 8 : : : 7960 859 9 a a DT 7960 859 10 Survey Survey NNP 7960 859 11 of of IN 7960 859 12 Roman Roman NNP 7960 859 13 Culture Culture NNP 7960 859 14 and and CC 7960 859 15 Civilization Civilization NNP 7960 859 16 _ _ NNP 7960 859 17 ( ( -LRB- 7960 859 18 Philadelphia Philadelphia NNP 7960 859 19 , , , 7960 859 20 1912 1912 CD 7960 859 21 , , , 7960 859 22 Lippincott Lippincott NNP 7960 859 23 , , , 7960 859 24 $ $ $ 7960 859 25 7.50 7.50 CD 7960 859 26 ) ) -RRB- 7960 859 27 . . . 7960 860 1 Strachan Strachan NNP 7960 860 2 - - HYPH 7960 860 3 Davidson Davidson NNP 7960 860 4 , , , 7960 860 5 J. J. NNP 7960 860 6 S. S. NNP 7960 860 7 _ _ NNP 7960 860 8 Cicero Cicero NNP 7960 860 9 and and CC 7960 860 10 the the DT 7960 860 11 Fall fall NN 7960 860 12 of of IN 7960 860 13 the the DT 7960 860 14 Roman Roman NNP 7960 860 15 Republic Republic NNP 7960 860 16 _ _ NNP 7960 860 17 ( ( -LRB- 7960 860 18 N. N. NNP 7960 860 19 Y. Y. NNP 7960 860 20 , , , 7960 860 21 1894 1894 CD 7960 860 22 , , , 7960 860 23 Putnam Putnam NNP 7960 860 24 , , , 7960 860 25 $ $ $ 7960 860 26 1.50 1.50 CD 7960 860 27 ) ) -RRB- 7960 860 28 . . . 7960 861 1 " " `` 7960 861 2 Heroes Heroes NNPS 7960 861 3 of of IN 7960 861 4 the the DT 7960 861 5 Nations Nations NNPS 7960 861 6 . . . 7960 861 7 " " '' 7960 862 1 Tarbell Tarbell NNP 7960 862 2 , , , 7960 862 3 F. F. NNP 7960 862 4 B. B. NNP 7960 863 1 _ _ NNP 7960 863 2 A a DT 7960 863 3 History history NN 7960 863 4 of of IN 7960 863 5 Greek Greek NNP 7960 863 6 Art Art NNP 7960 863 7 _ _ NNP 7960 863 8 ( ( -LRB- 7960 863 9 2d 2d NNP 7960 863 10 ed ed NNP 7960 863 11 . . NNP 7960 863 12 , , , 7960 863 13 N. N. NNP 7960 863 14 Y. Y. NNP 7960 863 15 , , , 7960 863 16 1905 1905 CD 7960 863 17 , , , 7960 863 18 Macmillan Macmillan NNP 7960 863 19 , , , 7960 863 20 $ $ $ 7960 863 21 1.00 1.00 CD 7960 863 22 ) ) -RRB- 7960 863 23 . . . 7960 864 1 Tozer Tozer NNP 7960 864 2 , , , 7960 864 3 H. H. NNP 7960 864 4 F. F. NNP 7960 864 5 _ _ NNP 7960 864 6 Classical Classical NNP 7960 864 7 Geography Geography NNP 7960 864 8 _ _ NNP 7960 864 9 ( ( -LRB- 7960 864 10 N. N. NNP 7960 864 11 Y. Y. NNP 7960 864 12 , , , 7960 864 13 1883 1883 CD 7960 864 14 , , , 7960 864 15 American American NNP 7960 864 16 Book Book NNP 7960 864 17 Co. Co. NNP 7960 864 18 , , , 7960 864 19 35 35 CD 7960 864 20 cents cent NNS 7960 864 21 ) ) -RRB- 7960 864 22 . . . 7960 865 1 A a DT 7960 865 2 standard standard JJ 7960 865 3 manual manual NN 7960 865 4 . . . 7960 866 1 Tucker Tucker NNP 7960 866 2 , , , 7960 866 3 T. T. NNP 7960 866 4 G. G. NNP 7960 866 5 _ _ NNP 7960 866 6 Life Life NNP 7960 866 7 in in IN 7960 866 8 Ancient Ancient NNP 7960 866 9 Athens Athens NNP 7960 866 10 _ _ NNP 7960 866 11 ( ( -LRB- 7960 866 12 N. N. NNP 7960 866 13 Y. Y. NNP 7960 866 14 , , , 7960 866 15 1906 1906 CD 7960 866 16 , , , 7960 866 17 Macmillan Macmillan NNP 7960 866 18 , , , 7960 866 19 $ $ $ 7960 866 20 1.25 1.25 CD 7960 866 21 ) ) -RRB- 7960 866 22 . . . 7960 867 1 The the DT 7960 867 2 most most RBS 7960 867 3 attractive attractive JJ 7960 867 4 treatment treatment NN 7960 867 5 of of IN 7960 867 6 the the DT 7960 867 7 subject subject NN 7960 867 8 . . . 7960 868 1 ------ ------ NFP 7960 868 2 _ _ NNP 7960 868 3 Life Life NNP 7960 868 4 in in IN 7960 868 5 the the DT 7960 868 6 Roman roman JJ 7960 868 7 World World NNP 7960 868 8 of of IN 7960 868 9 Nero Nero NNP 7960 868 10 and and CC 7960 868 11 St. St. NNP 7960 868 12 Paul Paul NNP 7960 868 13 _ _ NNP 7960 868 14 ( ( -LRB- 7960 868 15 N. N. NNP 7960 868 16 Y. Y. NNP 7960 868 17 , , , 7960 868 18 1910 1910 CD 7960 868 19 , , , 7960 868 20 Macmillan Macmillan NNP 7960 868 21 , , , 7960 868 22 $ $ $ 7960 868 23 2.50 2.50 CD 7960 868 24 ) ) -RRB- 7960 868 25 . . . 7960 869 1 * * NFP 7960 869 2 Walters Walters NNP 7960 869 3 , , , 7960 869 4 H. H. NNP 7960 869 5 B. B. NNP 7960 870 1 _ _ NNP 7960 870 2 The the DT 7960 870 3 Art art NN 7960 870 4 of of IN 7960 870 5 the the DT 7960 870 6 Greeks Greeks NNPS 7960 870 7 _ _ NNP 7960 870 8 ( ( -LRB- 7960 870 9 N. N. NNP 7960 870 10 Y. Y. NNP 7960 870 11 , , , 7960 870 12 1900 1900 CD 7960 870 13 , , , 7960 870 14 Macmillan Macmillan NNP 7960 870 15 , , , 7960 870 16 $ $ $ 7960 870 17 6.00 6.00 CD 7960 870 18 ) ) -RRB- 7960 870 19 . . . 7960 871 1 * * NFP 7960 871 2 ------ ------ : 7960 871 3 _ _ NNP 7960 871 4 The the DT 7960 871 5 Art Art NNP 7960 871 6 of of IN 7960 871 7 the the DT 7960 871 8 Romans Romans NNPS 7960 871 9 _ _ NNP 7960 871 10 ( ( -LRB- 7960 871 11 N. N. NNP 7960 871 12 Y. Y. NNP 7960 871 13 , , , 7960 871 14 1911 1911 CD 7960 871 15 , , , 7960 871 16 Macmillan Macmillan NNP 7960 871 17 , , , 7960 871 18 $ $ $ 7960 871 19 5.00 5.00 CD 7960 871 20 ) ) -RRB- 7960 871 21 . . . 7960 872 1 * * NFP 7960 872 2 Weller Weller NNP 7960 872 3 , , , 7960 872 4 C. C. NNP 7960 872 5 H. H. NNP 7960 872 6 _ _ NNP 7960 872 7 Athens Athens NNP 7960 872 8 and and CC 7960 872 9 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 872 10 Monuments Monuments NNPS 7960 872 11 _ _ NNP 7960 872 12 ( ( -LRB- 7960 872 13 N. N. NNP 7960 872 14 Y. Y. NNP 7960 872 15 , , , 7960 872 16 1913 1913 CD 7960 872 17 , , , 7960 872 18 Macmillan Macmillan NNP 7960 872 19 , , , 7960 872 20 $ $ $ 7960 872 21 4.00 4.00 CD 7960 872 22 ) ) -RRB- 7960 872 23 . . . 7960 873 1 Wheeler Wheeler NNP 7960 873 2 , , , 7960 873 3 B.I. B.I. NNP 7960 874 1 _ _ NNP 7960 874 2 Alexander Alexander NNP 7960 874 3 the the DT 7960 874 4 Great great JJ 7960 874 5 and and CC 7960 874 6 the the DT 7960 874 7 Merging Merging NNP 7960 874 8 of of IN 7960 874 9 East East NNP 7960 874 10 and and CC 7960 874 11 West West NNP 7960 874 12 into into IN 7960 874 13 Universal Universal NNP 7960 874 14 History History NNP 7960 874 15 _ _ NNP 7960 874 16 ( ( -LRB- 7960 874 17 N. N. NNP 7960 874 18 Y. Y. NNP 7960 874 19 , , , 7960 874 20 1900 1900 CD 7960 874 21 , , , 7960 874 22 Putnam Putnam NNP 7960 874 23 , , , 7960 874 24 $ $ $ 7960 874 25 1.50 1.50 CD 7960 874 26 ) ) -RRB- 7960 874 27 . . . 7960 875 1 " " `` 7960 875 2 Heroes Heroes NNPS 7960 875 3 of of IN 7960 875 4 the the DT 7960 875 5 Nations Nations NNPS 7960 875 6 . . . 7960 875 7 " " '' 7960 876 1 Wilkins Wilkins NNP 7960 876 2 , , , 7960 876 3 A. A. NNP 7960 876 4 S. S. NNP 7960 876 5 _ _ NNP 7960 876 6 Roman Roman NNP 7960 876 7 Antiquities Antiquities NNP 7960 876 8 _ _ NNP 7960 876 9 ( ( -LRB- 7960 876 10 N. N. NNP 7960 876 11 Y. Y. NNP 7960 876 12 , , , 7960 876 13 1884 1884 CD 7960 876 14 , , , 7960 876 15 American American NNP 7960 876 16 Book Book NNP 7960 876 17 Co. Co. NNP 7960 876 18 , , , 7960 876 19 35 35 CD 7960 876 20 cents cent NNS 7960 876 21 ) ) -RRB- 7960 876 22 . . . 7960 877 1 MEDIEVAL MEDIEVAL NNP 7960 877 2 HISTORY HISTORY NNP 7960 877 3 Adams Adams NNP 7960 877 4 , , , 7960 877 5 G. G. NNP 7960 877 6 B. B. NNP 7960 878 1 _ _ NNP 7960 878 2 The the DT 7960 878 3 Growth Growth NNP 7960 878 4 of of IN 7960 878 5 the the DT 7960 878 6 French french JJ 7960 878 7 Nation Nation NNP 7960 878 8 _ _ NNP 7960 878 9 ( ( -LRB- 7960 878 10 N. N. NNP 7960 878 11 Y. Y. NNP 7960 878 12 , , , 7960 878 13 1896 1896 CD 7960 878 14 , , , 7960 878 15 Macmillan Macmillan NNP 7960 878 16 , , , 7960 878 17 $ $ $ 7960 878 18 1.25 1.25 CD 7960 878 19 ) ) -RRB- 7960 878 20 . . . 7960 879 1 The the DT 7960 879 2 best good JJS 7960 879 3 short short JJ 7960 879 4 history history NN 7960 879 5 of of IN 7960 879 6 France France NNP 7960 879 7 . . . 7960 880 1 Archer Archer NNP 7960 880 2 , , , 7960 880 3 T. t. NN 7960 880 4 A. a. NN 7960 880 5 , , , 7960 880 6 and and CC 7960 880 7 Kingsford Kingsford NNP 7960 880 8 , , , 7960 880 9 C. C. NNP 7960 880 10 L. L. NNP 7960 880 11 _ _ NNP 7960 880 12 The the DT 7960 880 13 Crusades Crusades NNP 7960 880 14 _ _ NNP 7960 880 15 ( ( -LRB- 7960 880 16 N. N. NNP 7960 880 17 Y. Y. NNP 7960 880 18 , , , 7960 880 19 1894 1894 CD 7960 880 20 , , , 7960 880 21 Putnam Putnam NNP 7960 880 22 , , , 7960 880 23 $ $ $ 7960 880 24 1.50 1.50 CD 7960 880 25 ) ) -RRB- 7960 880 26 . . . 7960 881 1 Baring Baring NNP 7960 881 2 - - HYPH 7960 881 3 Gould Gould NNP 7960 881 4 , , , 7960 881 5 Sabine Sabine NNP 7960 881 6 . . . 7960 882 1 _ _ NNP 7960 882 2 Curious curious JJ 7960 882 3 Myths myth NNS 7960 882 4 of of IN 7960 882 5 the the DT 7960 882 6 Middle Middle NNP 7960 882 7 Ages Ages NNPS 7960 882 8 _ _ NNP 7960 882 9 ( ( -LRB- 7960 882 10 N. N. NNP 7960 882 11 Y. Y. NNP 7960 882 12 , , , 7960 882 13 1869 1869 CD 7960 882 14 , , , 7960 882 15 Longmans Longmans NNPS 7960 882 16 , , , 7960 882 17 Green Green NNP 7960 882 18 , , , 7960 882 19 and and CC 7960 882 20 Co. Co. NNP 7960 882 21 , , , 7960 882 22 $ $ $ 7960 882 23 1.25 1.25 CD 7960 882 24 ) ) -RRB- 7960 882 25 . . . 7960 883 1 Bateson Bateson NNP 7960 883 2 , , , 7960 883 3 Mary Mary NNP 7960 883 4 . . . 7960 884 1 _ _ NNP 7960 884 2 Medieval Medieval NNP 7960 884 3 England England NNP 7960 884 4 _ _ NNP 7960 884 5 ( ( -LRB- 7960 884 6 N. N. NNP 7960 884 7 Y. Y. NNP 7960 884 8 , , , 7960 884 9 1903 1903 CD 7960 884 10 , , , 7960 884 11 Putnam Putnam NNP 7960 884 12 , , , 7960 884 13 $ $ $ 7960 884 14 1.50 1.50 CD 7960 884 15 ) ) -RRB- 7960 884 16 . . . 7960 885 1 Deals deal NNS 7960 885 2 with with IN 7960 885 3 social social JJ 7960 885 4 and and CC 7960 885 5 economic economic JJ 7960 885 6 life life NN 7960 885 7 . . . 7960 886 1 " " `` 7960 886 2 Story story NN 7960 886 3 of of IN 7960 886 4 the the DT 7960 886 5 Nations Nations NNPS 7960 886 6 . . . 7960 886 7 " " '' 7960 887 1 Cheyney Cheyney NNP 7960 887 2 , , , 7960 887 3 E. E. NNP 7960 887 4 P. P. NNP 7960 887 5 _ _ NNP 7960 887 6 An An NNP 7960 887 7 Introduction introduction NN 7960 887 8 to to IN 7960 887 9 the the DT 7960 887 10 Industrial industrial JJ 7960 887 11 and and CC 7960 887 12 Social Social NNP 7960 887 13 History History NNP 7960 887 14 of of IN 7960 887 15 England England NNP 7960 887 16 _ _ NNP 7960 887 17 ( ( -LRB- 7960 887 18 N. N. NNP 7960 887 19 Y. Y. NNP 7960 887 20 , , , 7960 887 21 1901 1901 CD 7960 887 22 , , , 7960 887 23 Macmillan Macmillan NNP 7960 887 24 , , , 7960 887 25 $ $ $ 7960 887 26 1.40 1.40 CD 7960 887 27 ) ) -RRB- 7960 887 28 . . . 7960 888 1 The the DT 7960 888 2 best good JJS 7960 888 3 brief brief JJ 7960 888 4 work work NN 7960 888 5 on on IN 7960 888 6 the the DT 7960 888 7 subject subject NN 7960 888 8 . . . 7960 889 1 Church Church NNP 7960 889 2 , , , 7960 889 3 R. R. NNP 7960 889 4 W. W. NNP 7960 889 5 _ _ NNP 7960 889 6 The the DT 7960 889 7 Beginning beginning NN 7960 889 8 of of IN 7960 889 9 the the DT 7960 889 10 Middle Middle NNP 7960 889 11 Ages Ages NNPS 7960 889 12 _ _ NNP 7960 889 13 ( ( -LRB- 7960 889 14 N. N. NNP 7960 889 15 Y. Y. NNP 7960 889 16 , , , 7960 889 17 1877 1877 CD 7960 889 18 , , , 7960 889 19 Scribner Scribner NNP 7960 889 20 , , , 7960 889 21 $ $ $ 7960 889 22 1.00 1.00 CD 7960 889 23 ) ) -RRB- 7960 889 24 . . . 7960 890 1 Cutts Cutts NNP 7960 890 2 , , , 7960 890 3 E. E. NNP 7960 890 4 L. L. NNP 7960 890 5 _ _ NNP 7960 890 6 Scenes Scenes NNP 7960 890 7 and and CC 7960 890 8 Characters Characters NNPS 7960 890 9 of of IN 7960 890 10 the the DT 7960 890 11 Middle Middle NNP 7960 890 12 Ages Ages NNPS 7960 890 13 _ _ NNP 7960 890 14 ( ( -LRB- 7960 890 15 London London NNP 7960 890 16 , , , 7960 890 17 1872 1872 CD 7960 890 18 , , , 7960 890 19 De De NNP 7960 890 20 La La NNP 7960 890 21 More More NNP 7960 890 22 Press Press NNP 7960 890 23 , , , 7960 890 24 7s 7s NNP 7960 890 25 . . . 7960 891 1 6d 6d NNP 7960 891 2 . . . 7960 891 3 ) ) -RRB- 7960 891 4 . . . 7960 892 1 An an DT 7960 892 2 almost almost RB 7960 892 3 indispensable indispensable JJ 7960 892 4 book book NN 7960 892 5 ; ; , 7960 892 6 illustrated illustrate VBN 7960 892 7 . . . 7960 893 1 Davis Davis NNP 7960 893 2 , , , 7960 893 3 H. H. NNP 7960 893 4 W. W. NNP 7960 893 5 C. C. NNP 7960 893 6 Medieval Medieval NNP 7960 893 7 Europe Europe NNP 7960 893 8 ( ( -LRB- 7960 893 9 N. N. NNP 7960 893 10 Y. Y. NNP 7960 893 11 , , , 7960 893 12 1911 1911 CD 7960 893 13 , , , 7960 893 14 Holt Holt NNP 7960 893 15 , , , 7960 893 16 50 50 CD 7960 893 17 cents cent NNS 7960 893 18 ) ) -RRB- 7960 893 19 . . . 7960 894 1 ------ ------ NFP 7960 894 2 _ _ NNP 7960 894 3 Charlemagne Charlemagne NNP 7960 894 4 , , , 7960 894 5 the the DT 7960 894 6 Hero Hero NNP 7960 894 7 of of IN 7960 894 8 Two Two NNP 7960 894 9 Nations Nations NNPS 7960 894 10 _ _ NNP 7960 894 11 ( ( -LRB- 7960 894 12 N. N. NNP 7960 894 13 Y. Y. NNP 7960 894 14 , , , 7960 894 15 1899 1899 CD 7960 894 16 , , , 7960 894 17 Putnam Putnam NNP 7960 894 18 , , , 7960 894 19 $ $ $ 7960 894 20 1.50 1.50 CD 7960 894 21 ) ) -RRB- 7960 894 22 . . . 7960 895 1 " " `` 7960 895 2 Heroes Heroes NNPS 7960 895 3 of of IN 7960 895 4 the the DT 7960 895 5 Nations Nations NNPS 7960 895 6 . . . 7960 895 7 " " '' 7960 896 1 Emerton Emerton NNP 7960 896 2 , , , 7960 896 3 Ephraim Ephraim NNP 7960 896 4 . . . 7960 897 1 _ _ NNP 7960 897 2 An an DT 7960 897 3 Introduction introduction NN 7960 897 4 to to IN 7960 897 5 the the DT 7960 897 6 Study Study NNP 7960 897 7 of of IN 7960 897 8 the the DT 7960 897 9 Middle Middle NNP 7960 897 10 Ages Ages NNPS 7960 897 11 _ _ NNP 7960 897 12 ( ( -LRB- 7960 897 13 Boston Boston NNP 7960 897 14 , , , 7960 897 15 1888 1888 CD 7960 897 16 , , , 7960 897 17 Ginn Ginn NNP 7960 897 18 , , , 7960 897 19 $ $ $ 7960 897 20 1.10 1.10 CD 7960 897 21 ) ) -RRB- 7960 897 22 . . . 7960 898 1 The the DT 7960 898 2 most most RBS 7960 898 3 satisfactory satisfactory JJ 7960 898 4 short short JJ 7960 898 5 account account NN 7960 898 6 , , , 7960 898 7 and and CC 7960 898 8 of of IN 7960 898 9 special special JJ 7960 898 10 value value NN 7960 898 11 to to IN 7960 898 12 beginners beginner NNS 7960 898 13 . . . 7960 899 1 Foord Foord NNP 7960 899 2 , , , 7960 899 3 Edward Edward NNP 7960 899 4 . . . 7960 900 1 _ _ NNP 7960 900 2 The the DT 7960 900 3 Byzantine Byzantine NNP 7960 900 4 Empire Empire NNP 7960 900 5 _ _ NNP 7960 900 6 ( ( -LRB- 7960 900 7 N. N. NNP 7960 900 8 Y. Y. NNP 7960 900 9 , , , 7960 900 10 1911 1911 CD 7960 900 11 , , , 7960 900 12 Macmillan Macmillan NNP 7960 900 13 , , , 7960 900 14 $ $ $ 7960 900 15 2.00 2.00 CD 7960 900 16 ) ) -RRB- 7960 900 17 . . . 7960 901 1 The the DT 7960 901 2 most most RBS 7960 901 3 convenient convenient JJ 7960 901 4 short short JJ 7960 901 5 treatment treatment NN 7960 901 6 ; ; : 7960 901 7 lavishly lavishly RB 7960 901 8 illustrated illustrate VBN 7960 901 9 . . . 7960 902 1 * * NFP 7960 902 2 Gibbon Gibbon NNP 7960 902 3 , , , 7960 902 4 Edward Edward NNP 7960 902 5 . . . 7960 903 1 _ _ NNP 7960 903 2 The the DT 7960 903 3 History history NN 7960 903 4 of of IN 7960 903 5 the the DT 7960 903 6 Decline Decline NNP 7960 903 7 and and CC 7960 903 8 Fall Fall NNP 7960 903 9 of of IN 7960 903 10 the the DT 7960 903 11 Roman Roman NNP 7960 903 12 Empire Empire NNP 7960 903 13 _ _ NNP 7960 903 14 , , , 7960 903 15 edited edit VBN 7960 903 16 by by IN 7960 903 17 J. J. NNP 7960 904 1 B. B. NNP 7960 905 1 Bury Bury NNP 7960 905 2 ( ( -LRB- 7960 905 3 N. N. NNP 7960 905 4 Y. Y. NNP 7960 905 5 , , , 7960 905 6 1914 1914 CD 7960 905 7 , , , 7960 905 8 Macmillan Macmillan NNP 7960 905 9 , , , 7960 905 10 7 7 CD 7960 905 11 vols vol NNS 7960 905 12 . . . 7960 905 13 , , , 7960 905 14 $ $ $ 7960 905 15 25.00 25.00 CD 7960 905 16 ) ) -RRB- 7960 905 17 . . . 7960 906 1 The the DT 7960 906 2 best good JJS 7960 906 3 edition edition NN 7960 906 4 , , , 7960 906 5 illustrated illustrate VBN 7960 906 6 and and CC 7960 906 7 provided provide VBN 7960 906 8 with with IN 7960 906 9 maps map NNS 7960 906 10 , , , 7960 906 11 of of IN 7960 906 12 this this DT 7960 906 13 standard standard JJ 7960 906 14 work work NN 7960 906 15 . . . 7960 907 1 * * NFP 7960 907 2 Green Green NNP 7960 907 3 , , , 7960 907 4 J. J. NNP 7960 907 5 R. R. NNP 7960 907 6 _ _ NNP 7960 907 7 Short Short NNP 7960 907 8 History History NNP 7960 907 9 of of IN 7960 907 10 the the DT 7960 907 11 English English NNP 7960 907 12 People People NNPS 7960 907 13 _ _ NNP 7960 907 14 , , , 7960 907 15 edited edit VBN 7960 907 16 by by IN 7960 907 17 Mrs. Mrs. NNP 7960 907 18 J. J. NNP 7960 907 19 R. R. NNP 7960 907 20 Green Green NNP 7960 907 21 and and CC 7960 907 22 Miss Miss NNP 7960 907 23 Kate Kate NNP 7960 907 24 Norgate Norgate NNP 7960 907 25 ( ( -LRB- 7960 907 26 N. N. NNP 7960 907 27 Y. Y. NNP 7960 907 28 , , , 7960 907 29 1893 1893 CD 7960 907 30 - - SYM 7960 907 31 1895 1895 CD 7960 907 32 , , , 7960 907 33 Harper Harper NNP 7960 907 34 , , , 7960 907 35 4 4 CD 7960 907 36 vols vol NNS 7960 907 37 . . . 7960 907 38 , , , 7960 907 39 $ $ $ 7960 907 40 20.00 20.00 CD 7960 907 41 ) ) -RRB- 7960 907 42 . . . 7960 908 1 A a DT 7960 908 2 beautifully beautifully RB 7960 908 3 illustrated illustrate VBN 7960 908 4 edition edition NN 7960 908 5 of of IN 7960 908 6 this this DT 7960 908 7 standard standard JJ 7960 908 8 work work NN 7960 908 9 . . . 7960 909 1 Guerber Guerber NNP 7960 909 2 , , , 7960 909 3 H. H. NNP 7960 909 4 A. A. NNP 7960 910 1 _ _ NNP 7960 910 2 Legends Legends NNPS 7960 910 3 of of IN 7960 910 4 the the DT 7960 910 5 Middle Middle NNP 7960 910 6 Ages Ages NNPS 7960 910 7 _ _ NNP 7960 910 8 ( ( -LRB- 7960 910 9 N. N. NNP 7960 910 10 Y. Y. NNP 7960 910 11 , , , 7960 910 12 1896 1896 CD 7960 910 13 , , , 7960 910 14 American American NNP 7960 910 15 Book Book NNP 7960 910 16 Co. Co. NNP 7960 910 17 , , , 7960 910 18 $ $ $ 7960 910 19 1.50 1.50 CD 7960 910 20 ) ) -RRB- 7960 910 21 . . . 7960 911 1 Haskins Haskins NNP 7960 911 2 , , , 7960 911 3 C. C. NNP 7960 911 4 H. H. NNP 7960 911 5 _ _ NNP 7960 911 6 The the DT 7960 911 7 Normans Normans NNPS 7960 911 8 in in IN 7960 911 9 European European NNP 7960 911 10 History History NNP 7960 911 11 _ _ NNP 7960 911 12 ( ( -LRB- 7960 911 13 Boston Boston NNP 7960 911 14 , , , 7960 911 15 1915 1915 CD 7960 911 16 , , , 7960 911 17 Houghton Houghton NNP 7960 911 18 Mifflin Mifflin NNP 7960 911 19 Co. Co. NNP 7960 911 20 , , , 7960 911 21 $ $ $ 7960 911 22 2.00 2.00 CD 7960 911 23 ) ) -RRB- 7960 911 24 . . . 7960 912 1 Hodgkin Hodgkin NNP 7960 912 2 , , , 7960 912 3 Thomas Thomas NNP 7960 912 4 . . . 7960 913 1 _ _ NNP 7960 913 2 The the DT 7960 913 3 Dynasty Dynasty NNP 7960 913 4 of of IN 7960 913 5 Theodosius Theodosius NNP 7960 913 6 _ _ NNP 7960 913 7 ( ( -LRB- 7960 913 8 N. N. NNP 7960 913 9 Y. Y. NNP 7960 913 10 , , , 7960 913 11 1899 1899 CD 7960 913 12 , , , 7960 913 13 Oxford Oxford NNP 7960 913 14 University University NNP 7960 913 15 Press Press NNP 7960 913 16 , , , 7960 913 17 American American NNP 7960 913 18 Branch Branch NNP 7960 913 19 , , , 7960 913 20 $ $ $ 7960 913 21 1.50 1.50 CD 7960 913 22 ) ) -RRB- 7960 913 23 . . . 7960 914 1 Popular popular JJ 7960 914 2 lectures lecture NNS 7960 914 3 summarizing summarize VBG 7960 914 4 the the DT 7960 914 5 author author NN 7960 914 6 's 's POS 7960 914 7 extensive extensive JJ 7960 914 8 studies study NNS 7960 914 9 . . . 7960 915 1 Jessopp Jessopp NNP 7960 915 2 , , , 7960 915 3 Augustus Augustus NNP 7960 915 4 . . . 7960 916 1 _ _ NNP 7960 916 2 The the DT 7960 916 3 Coming Coming NNP 7960 916 4 of of IN 7960 916 5 the the DT 7960 916 6 Friars Friars NNPS 7960 916 7 , , , 7960 916 8 and and CC 7960 916 9 Other other JJ 7960 916 10 Historic Historic NNP 7960 916 11 Essays Essays NNPS 7960 916 12 _ _ NNP 7960 916 13 ( ( -LRB- 7960 916 14 N. N. NNP 7960 916 15 Y. Y. NNP 7960 916 16 , , , 7960 916 17 1888 1888 CD 7960 916 18 , , , 7960 916 19 Putnam Putnam NNP 7960 916 20 , , , 7960 916 21 $ $ $ 7960 916 22 1.25 1.25 CD 7960 916 23 ) ) -RRB- 7960 916 24 . . . 7960 917 1 A a DT 7960 917 2 book book NN 7960 917 3 of of IN 7960 917 4 great great JJ 7960 917 5 interest interest NN 7960 917 6 . . . 7960 918 1 * * NFP 7960 918 2 Lacroix Lacroix NNP 7960 918 3 , , , 7960 918 4 Paul Paul NNP 7960 918 5 . . . 7960 919 1 _ _ NNP 7960 919 2 Science Science NNP 7960 919 3 and and CC 7960 919 4 Literature Literature NNP 7960 919 5 in in IN 7960 919 6 the the DT 7960 919 7 Middle Middle NNP 7960 919 8 Ages Ages NNPS 7960 919 9 and and CC 7960 919 10 at at IN 7960 919 11 the the DT 7960 919 12 Period Period NNP 7960 919 13 of of IN 7960 919 14 the the DT 7960 919 15 Renaissance Renaissance NNP 7960 919 16 _ _ NNP 7960 919 17 ( ( -LRB- 7960 919 18 London London NNP 7960 919 19 , , , 7960 919 20 1880 1880 CD 7960 919 21 , , , 7960 919 22 Bickers Bickers NNP 7960 919 23 and and CC 7960 919 24 Son Son NNP 7960 919 25 , , , 7960 919 26 out out IN 7960 919 27 of of IN 7960 919 28 print print NN 7960 919 29 ) ) -RRB- 7960 919 30 . . . 7960 920 1 Lawrence Lawrence NNP 7960 920 2 , , , 7960 920 3 W. W. NNP 7960 920 4 W. W. NNP 7960 920 5 _ _ NNP 7960 920 6 Medieval Medieval NNP 7960 920 7 Story Story NNP 7960 920 8 _ _ NNP 7960 920 9 ( ( -LRB- 7960 920 10 N. N. NNP 7960 920 11 Y. Y. NNP 7960 920 12 , , , 7960 920 13 1911 1911 CD 7960 920 14 , , , 7960 920 15 Columbia Columbia NNP 7960 920 16 University University NNP 7960 920 17 Press Press NNP 7960 920 18 , , , 7960 920 19 $ $ $ 7960 920 20 i.50 i.50 NN 7960 920 21 ) ) -RRB- 7960 920 22 . . . 7960 921 1 Discusses discuss VBZ 7960 921 2 the the DT 7960 921 3 great great JJ 7960 921 4 literary literary JJ 7960 921 5 productions production NNS 7960 921 6 of of IN 7960 921 7 the the DT 7960 921 8 Middle Middle NNP 7960 921 9 Ages Ages NNPS 7960 921 10 . . . 7960 922 1 Mawer mawer NN 7960 922 2 , , , 7960 922 3 Allen Allen NNP 7960 922 4 . . . 7960 923 1 _ _ NNP 7960 923 2 The the DT 7960 923 3 Vikings Vikings NNPS 7960 923 4 _ _ NNP 7960 923 5 ( ( -LRB- 7960 923 6 N. N. NNP 7960 923 7 Y Y NNP 7960 923 8 , , , 7960 923 9 1913 1913 CD 7960 923 10 , , , 7960 923 11 Putnam Putnam NNP 7960 923 12 , , , 7960 923 13 35 35 CD 7960 923 14 cents cent NNS 7960 923 15 ) ) -RRB- 7960 923 16 . . . 7960 924 1 Munro Munro NNP 7960 924 2 , , , 7960 924 3 D. D. NNP 7960 924 4 C. C. NNP 7960 924 5 , , , 7960 924 6 and and CC 7960 924 7 Sellery Sellery NNP 7960 924 8 , , , 7960 924 9 G. G. NNP 7960 924 10 C C NNP 7960 924 11 _ _ NNP 7960 924 12 Medieval Medieval NNP 7960 924 13 Civilization Civilization NNP 7960 924 14 _ _ NNP 7960 924 15 ( ( -LRB- 7960 924 16 2d 2d NNP 7960 924 17 ed ed NNP 7960 924 18 . . NNP 7960 924 19 , , , 7960 924 20 N. N. NNP 7960 924 21 Y. Y. NNP 7960 924 22 , , , 7960 924 23 1907 1907 CD 7960 924 24 , , , 7960 924 25 Century Century NNP 7960 924 26 Co. Co. NNP 7960 924 27 , , , 7960 924 28 $ $ $ 7960 924 29 2.00 2.00 CD 7960 924 30 ) ) -RRB- 7960 924 31 . . . 7960 925 1 Translated translate VBN 7960 925 2 selections selection NNS 7960 925 3 from from IN 7960 925 4 standard standard JJ 7960 925 5 works work NNS 7960 925 6 by by IN 7960 925 7 French french JJ 7960 925 8 and and CC 7960 925 9 German german JJ 7960 925 10 scholars scholar NNS 7960 925 11 . . . 7960 926 1 Rait Rait NNP 7960 926 2 , , , 7960 926 3 R. R. NNP 7960 926 4 S. S. NNP 7960 926 5 _ _ NNP 7960 926 6 Life Life NNP 7960 926 7 in in IN 7960 926 8 the the DT 7960 926 9 Medieval Medieval NNP 7960 926 10 University University NNP 7960 926 11 _ _ NNP 7960 926 12 ( ( -LRB- 7960 926 13 N. N. NNP 7960 926 14 Y. Y. NNP 7960 926 15 , , , 7960 926 16 1912 1912 CD 7960 926 17 , , , 7960 926 18 Putnam Putnam NNP 7960 926 19 , , , 7960 926 20 35 35 CD 7960 926 21 cents cent NNS 7960 926 22 ) ) -RRB- 7960 926 23 . . . 7960 927 1 " " `` 7960 927 2 Cambridge Cambridge NNP 7960 927 3 Manuals Manuals NNP 7960 927 4 . . . 7960 927 5 " " '' 7960 928 1 Synge Synge NNP 7960 928 2 , , , 7960 928 3 M. M. NNP 7960 928 4 B. B. NNP 7960 929 1 _ _ NNP 7960 929 2 A a DT 7960 929 3 Short Short NNP 7960 929 4 History history NN 7960 929 5 of of IN 7960 929 6 Social Social NNP 7960 929 7 Life Life NNP 7960 929 8 in in IN 7960 929 9 England England NNP 7960 929 10 _ _ NNP 7960 929 11 ( ( -LRB- 7960 929 12 N. N. NNP 7960 929 13 Y. Y. NNP 7960 929 14 , , , 7960 929 15 1906 1906 CD 7960 929 16 , , , 7960 929 17 Barnes Barnes NNPS 7960 929 18 , , , 7960 929 19 $ $ $ 7960 929 20 1.50 1.50 CD 7960 929 21 ) ) -RRB- 7960 929 22 . . . 7960 930 1 Tappan Tappan NNP 7960 930 2 , , , 7960 930 3 Eva Eva NNP 7960 930 4 M. M. NNP 7960 930 5 _ _ NNP 7960 930 6 When when WRB 7960 930 7 Knights Knights NNPS 7960 930 8 were be VBD 7960 930 9 Bold Bold NNP 7960 930 10 _ _ NNP 7960 930 11 ( ( -LRB- 7960 930 12 Boston Boston NNP 7960 930 13 , , , 7960 930 14 1912 1912 CD 7960 930 15 , , , 7960 930 16 Houghton Houghton NNP 7960 930 17 Mifflin Mifflin NNP 7960 930 18 Co. Co. NNP 7960 930 19 , , , 7960 930 20 $ $ $ 7960 930 21 2.00 2.00 CD 7960 930 22 ) ) -RRB- 7960 930 23 . . . 7960 931 1 An an DT 7960 931 2 economic economic JJ 7960 931 3 and and CC 7960 931 4 social social JJ 7960 931 5 study study NN 7960 931 6 of of IN 7960 931 7 the the DT 7960 931 8 Feudal Feudal NNP 7960 931 9 Age Age NNP 7960 931 10 ; ; : 7960 931 11 charmingly charmingly RB 7960 931 12 written write VBN 7960 931 13 . . . 7960 932 1 Tickner Tickner NNP 7960 932 2 , , , 7960 932 3 F. F. NNP 7960 932 4 W. W. NNP 7960 932 5 _ _ NNP 7960 932 6 A a DT 7960 932 7 Social Social NNP 7960 932 8 and and CC 7960 932 9 Industrial Industrial NNP 7960 932 10 History History NNP 7960 932 11 of of IN 7960 932 12 England England NNP 7960 932 13 _ _ NNP 7960 932 14 ( ( -LRB- 7960 932 15 N. N. NNP 7960 932 16 Y. Y. NNP 7960 932 17 , , , 7960 932 18 1915 1915 CD 7960 932 19 , , , 7960 932 20 Longmans Longmans NNPS 7960 932 21 , , , 7960 932 22 Green Green NNP 7960 932 23 , , , 7960 932 24 and and CC 7960 932 25 Co. Co. NNP 7960 932 26 , , , 7960 932 27 $ $ $ 7960 932 28 1.00 1.00 CD 7960 932 29 ) ) -RRB- 7960 932 30 . . . 7960 933 1 Very very RB 7960 933 2 simply simply RB 7960 933 3 written write VBN 7960 933 4 and and CC 7960 933 5 well well RB 7960 933 6 illustrated illustrate VBN 7960 933 7 . . . 7960 934 1 * * NFP 7960 934 2 Wright Wright NNP 7960 934 3 , , , 7960 934 4 Thomas Thomas NNP 7960 934 5 . . . 7960 935 1 _ _ NNP 7960 935 2 The the DT 7960 935 3 Homes Homes NNPS 7960 935 4 of of IN 7960 935 5 Other other JJ 7960 935 6 Days Days NNPS 7960 935 7 _ _ NNP 7960 935 8 ( ( -LRB- 7960 935 9 London London NNP 7960 935 10 , , , 7960 935 11 1871 1871 CD 7960 935 12 , , , 7960 935 13 Trübner Trübner NNP 7960 935 14 , , , 7960 935 15 out out IN 7960 935 16 of of IN 7960 935 17 print print NN 7960 935 18 ) ) -RRB- 7960 935 19 . . . 7960 936 1 Valuable valuable JJ 7960 936 2 for for IN 7960 936 3 both both DT 7960 936 4 text text NN 7960 936 5 and and CC 7960 936 6 illustrations illustration NNS 7960 936 7 . . . 7960 937 1 TRANSITION transition NN 7960 937 2 TO to IN 7960 937 3 MODERN MODERN NNP 7960 937 4 TIMES TIMES NNP 7960 937 5 Cheyney Cheyney NNP 7960 937 6 , , , 7960 937 7 E. E. NNP 7960 937 8 P. P. NNP 7960 937 9 _ _ NNP 7960 937 10 European European NNP 7960 937 11 Background Background NNP 7960 937 12 of of IN 7960 937 13 American American NNP 7960 937 14 History History NNP 7960 937 15 , , , 7960 937 16 1300 1300 CD 7960 937 17 - - SYM 7960 937 18 1600 1600 CD 7960 937 19 _ _ NNP 7960 937 20 ( ( -LRB- 7960 937 21 N. N. NNP 7960 937 22 Y. Y. NNP 7960 937 23 , , , 7960 937 24 1904 1904 CD 7960 937 25 , , , 7960 937 26 Harper Harper NNP 7960 937 27 , , , 7960 937 28 $ $ $ 7960 937 29 2.00 2.00 CD 7960 937 30 ) ) -RRB- 7960 937 31 . . . 7960 938 1 Creighton Creighton NNP 7960 938 2 , , , 7960 938 3 Mandell Mandell NNP 7960 938 4 . . . 7960 939 1 _ _ NNP 7960 939 2 The the DT 7960 939 3 Age Age NNP 7960 939 4 of of IN 7960 939 5 Elizabeth Elizabeth NNP 7960 939 6 _ _ NNP 7960 939 7 ( ( -LRB- 7960 939 8 13th 13th NNP 7960 939 9 ed ed NNP 7960 939 10 . . NNP 7960 939 11 , , , 7960 939 12 N. N. NNP 7960 939 13 Y. Y. NNP 7960 939 14 , , , 7960 939 15 1897 1897 CD 7960 939 16 , , , 7960 939 17 Scribner Scribner NNP 7960 939 18 , , , 7960 939 19 $ $ $ 7960 939 20 1.00 1.00 CD 7960 939 21 ) ) -RRB- 7960 939 22 . . . 7960 940 1 " " `` 7960 940 2 Epochs epoch NNS 7960 940 3 of of IN 7960 940 4 Modern modern JJ 7960 940 5 History history NN 7960 940 6 . . . 7960 940 7 " " '' 7960 941 1 Fiske Fiske NNP 7960 941 2 , , , 7960 941 3 John John NNP 7960 941 4 . . . 7960 942 1 _ _ NNP 7960 942 2 The the DT 7960 942 3 Discovery Discovery NNP 7960 942 4 and and CC 7960 942 5 Colonization Colonization NNP 7960 942 6 of of IN 7960 942 7 North North NNP 7960 942 8 America America NNP 7960 942 9 _ _ NNP 7960 942 10 ( ( -LRB- 7960 942 11 Boston Boston NNP 7960 942 12 , , , 7960 942 13 1905 1905 CD 7960 942 14 , , , 7960 942 15 Ginn Ginn NNP 7960 942 16 , , , 7960 942 17 90 90 CD 7960 942 18 cents cent NNS 7960 942 19 ) ) -RRB- 7960 942 20 . . . 7960 943 1 Gardiner Gardiner NNP 7960 943 2 , , , 7960 943 3 S. S. NNP 7960 943 4 R. R. NNP 7960 943 5 _ _ NNP 7960 943 6 The the DT 7960 943 7 Thirty Thirty NNP 7960 943 8 Years Years NNPS 7960 943 9 ' ' POS 7960 943 10 War War NNP 7960 943 11 _ _ NNP 7960 943 12 ( ( -LRB- 7960 943 13 N. N. NNP 7960 943 14 Y. Y. NNP 7960 943 15 , , , 7960 943 16 1874 1874 CD 7960 943 17 , , , 7960 943 18 Scribner Scribner NNP 7960 943 19 , , , 7960 943 20 $ $ $ 7960 943 21 1.00 1.00 CD 7960 943 22 ) ) -RRB- 7960 943 23 . . . 7960 944 1 Goodyear Goodyear NNP 7960 944 2 , , , 7960 944 3 W. W. NNP 7960 944 4 H. H. NNP 7960 944 5 _ _ NNP 7960 944 6 Renaissance Renaissance NNP 7960 944 7 and and CC 7960 944 8 Modern Modern NNP 7960 944 9 Art Art NNP 7960 944 10 _ _ NN 7960 944 11 ( ( -LRB- 7960 944 12 N. N. NNP 7960 944 13 Y. Y. NNP 7960 944 14 , , , 7960 944 15 1894 1894 CD 7960 944 16 , , , 7960 944 17 Macmillan Macmillan NNP 7960 944 18 , , , 7960 944 19 $ $ $ 7960 944 20 1.00 1.00 CD 7960 944 21 ) ) -RRB- 7960 944 22 . . . 7960 945 1 Hudson Hudson NNP 7960 945 2 , , , 7960 945 3 W. W. NNP 7960 945 4 H. H. NNP 7960 945 5 _ _ NNP 7960 945 6 The The NNP 7960 945 7 Story Story NNP 7960 945 8 of of IN 7960 945 9 the the DT 7960 945 10 Renaissance Renaissance NNP 7960 945 11 _ _ NNP 7960 945 12 ( ( -LRB- 7960 945 13 N. N. NNP 7960 945 14 Y. Y. NNP 7960 945 15 , , , 7960 945 16 1912 1912 CD 7960 945 17 , , , 7960 945 18 Cassell Cassell NNP 7960 945 19 , , , 7960 945 20 $ $ $ 7960 945 21 1.50 1.50 CD 7960 945 22 ) ) -RRB- 7960 945 23 . . . 7960 946 1 A a DT 7960 946 2 well well RB 7960 946 3 - - HYPH 7960 946 4 written write VBN 7960 946 5 volume volume NN 7960 946 6 . . . 7960 947 1 Hulme Hulme NNP 7960 947 2 , , , 7960 947 3 E. E. NNP 7960 947 4 M. M. NNP 7960 947 5 _ _ NNP 7960 947 6 The the DT 7960 947 7 Renaissance Renaissance NNP 7960 947 8 , , , 7960 947 9 the the DT 7960 947 10 Protestant Protestant NNP 7960 947 11 Revolution Revolution NNP 7960 947 12 , , , 7960 947 13 and and CC 7960 947 14 the the DT 7960 947 15 Catholic Catholic NNP 7960 947 16 Reformation Reformation NNP 7960 947 17 in in IN 7960 947 18 Continental Continental NNP 7960 947 19 Europe Europe NNP 7960 947 20 _ _ NNP 7960 947 21 ( ( -LRB- 7960 947 22 rev rev NNP 7960 947 23 . . . 7960 948 1 ed ed NNP 7960 948 2 . . NNP 7960 948 3 , , , 7960 948 4 N. N. NNP 7960 948 5 Y. Y. NNP 7960 948 6 , , , 7960 948 7 1915 1915 CD 7960 948 8 , , , 7960 948 9 Century Century NNP 7960 948 10 Co. Co. NNP 7960 948 11 , , , 7960 948 12 $ $ $ 7960 948 13 2.50 2.50 CD 7960 948 14 ) ) -RRB- 7960 948 15 . . . 7960 949 1 The the DT 7960 949 2 best good JJS 7960 949 3 work work NN 7960 949 4 on on IN 7960 949 5 the the DT 7960 949 6 subject subject NN 7960 949 7 by by IN 7960 949 8 an an DT 7960 949 9 American american JJ 7960 949 10 scholar scholar NN 7960 949 11 . . . 7960 950 1 * * NFP 7960 950 2 Joyce Joyce NNP 7960 950 3 , , , 7960 950 4 T. t. NN 7960 950 5 A. a. NN 7960 951 1 _ _ NNP 7960 951 2 Mexican Mexican NNP 7960 951 3 Archaeology Archaeology NNP 7960 951 4 _ _ NNP 7960 951 5 ( ( -LRB- 7960 951 6 N. N. NNP 7960 951 7 Y. Y. NNP 7960 951 8 , , , 7960 951 9 1914 1914 CD 7960 951 10 , , , 7960 951 11 Putnam Putnam NNP 7960 951 12 , , , 7960 951 13 $ $ $ 7960 951 14 4.00 4.00 CD 7960 951 15 ) ) -RRB- 7960 951 16 . . . 7960 952 1 ------ ------ NFP 7960 952 2 _ _ NNP 7960 952 3 South South NNP 7960 952 4 American American NNP 7960 952 5 Archaeology Archaeology NNP 7960 952 6 _ _ NNP 7960 952 7 ( ( -LRB- 7960 952 8 N. N. NNP 7960 952 9 Y. Y. NNP 7960 952 10 , , , 7960 952 11 1912 1912 CD 7960 952 12 , , , 7960 952 13 Putnam Putnam NNP 7960 952 14 , , , 7960 952 15 $ $ $ 7960 952 16 3.50 3.50 CD 7960 952 17 ) ) -RRB- 7960 952 18 . . . 7960 953 1 Kerr Kerr NNP 7960 953 2 , , , 7960 953 3 P. P. NNP 7960 953 4 H. H. NNP 7960 953 5 , , , 7960 953 6 and and CC 7960 953 7 Kerr Kerr NNP 7960 953 8 , , , 7960 953 9 A. a. NN 7960 953 10 C. C. NNP 7960 953 11 _ _ NNP 7960 953 12 The the DT 7960 953 13 Growth Growth NNP 7960 953 14 of of IN 7960 953 15 the the DT 7960 953 16 British British NNP 7960 953 17 Empire Empire NNP 7960 953 18 _ _ NNP 7960 953 19 ( ( -LRB- 7960 953 20 N. N. NNP 7960 953 21 Y. Y. NNP 7960 953 22 , , , 7960 953 23 1911 1911 CD 7960 953 24 , , , 7960 953 25 Longmans Longmans NNPS 7960 953 26 , , , 7960 953 27 Green Green NNP 7960 953 28 , , , 7960 953 29 and and CC 7960 953 30 Co. Co. NNP 7960 953 31 , , , 7960 953 32 50 50 CD 7960 953 33 cents cent NNS 7960 953 34 ) ) -RRB- 7960 953 35 . . . 7960 954 1 Oldham Oldham NNP 7960 954 2 , , , 7960 954 3 J. J. NNP 7960 955 1 B. B. NNP 7960 956 1 _ _ NNP 7960 956 2 The the DT 7960 956 3 Renaissance Renaissance NNP 7960 956 4 _ _ NNP 7960 956 5 ( ( -LRB- 7960 956 6 N. N. NNP 7960 956 7 Y. Y. NNP 7960 956 8 , , , 7960 956 9 1912 1912 CD 7960 956 10 , , , 7960 956 11 Dutton Dutton NNP 7960 956 12 , , , 7960 956 13 35 35 CD 7960 956 14 cents cent NNS 7960 956 15 ) ) -RRB- 7960 956 16 . . . 7960 957 1 Seebohm Seebohm NNP 7960 957 2 , , , 7960 957 3 Frederic Frederic NNP 7960 957 4 . . . 7960 958 1 _ _ NNP 7960 958 2 The the DT 7960 958 3 Era Era NNP 7960 958 4 of of IN 7960 958 5 the the DT 7960 958 6 Protestant Protestant NNP 7960 958 7 Revolution Revolution NNP 7960 958 8 _ _ NNP 7960 958 9 ( ( -LRB- 7960 958 10 N. N. NNP 7960 958 11 Y. Y. NNP 7960 958 12 , , , 7960 958 13 1875 1875 CD 7960 958 14 , , , 7960 958 15 Scribner Scribner NNP 7960 958 16 , , , 7960 958 17 $ $ $ 7960 958 18 1.00 1.00 CD 7960 958 19 ) ) -RRB- 7960 958 20 . . . 7960 959 1 " " `` 7960 959 2 Epochs epoch NNS 7960 959 3 of of IN 7960 959 4 Modern modern JJ 7960 959 5 History history NN 7960 959 6 . . . 7960 959 7 " " '' 7960 960 1 CHAPTER chapter NN 7960 960 2 I -PRON- PRP 7960 960 3 THE the DT 7960 960 4 AGES AGES NNP 7960 960 5 BEFORE before IN 7960 960 6 HISTORY HISTORY NNP 7960 960 7 1 1 CD 7960 960 8 . . . 7960 961 1 THE the DT 7960 961 2 STUDY STUDY NNP 7960 961 3 OF of IN 7960 961 4 HISTORY HISTORY NNP 7960 961 5 SUBJECT SUBJECT VBD 7960 961 6 MATTER matter NN 7960 961 7 OF of IN 7960 961 8 HISTORY history NN 7960 961 9 History history NN 7960 961 10 is be VBZ 7960 961 11 the the DT 7960 961 12 narrative narrative NN 7960 961 13 of of IN 7960 961 14 what what WP 7960 961 15 civilized civilized JJ 7960 961 16 man man NN 7960 961 17 has have VBZ 7960 961 18 done do VBN 7960 961 19 . . . 7960 962 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 962 2 deals deal VBZ 7960 962 3 with with IN 7960 962 4 those those DT 7960 962 5 social social JJ 7960 962 6 groups group NNS 7960 962 7 called call VBD 7960 962 8 states state NNS 7960 962 9 and and CC 7960 962 10 nations nation NNS 7960 962 11 . . . 7960 963 1 Just just RB 7960 963 2 as as IN 7960 963 3 biography biography NN 7960 963 4 describes describe VBZ 7960 963 5 the the DT 7960 963 6 life life NN 7960 963 7 of of IN 7960 963 8 individuals individual NNS 7960 963 9 , , , 7960 963 10 so so IN 7960 963 11 history history NN 7960 963 12 relates relate VBZ 7960 963 13 the the DT 7960 963 14 rise rise NN 7960 963 15 , , , 7960 963 16 progress progress NN 7960 963 17 , , , 7960 963 18 and and CC 7960 963 19 decline decline NN 7960 963 20 of of IN 7960 963 21 human human JJ 7960 963 22 societies society NNS 7960 963 23 . . . 7960 964 1 MANUSCRIPTS MANUSCRIPTS NNP 7960 964 2 AND and CC 7960 964 3 BOOKS books NN 7960 964 4 History history NN 7960 964 5 can can MD 7960 964 6 not not RB 7960 964 7 go go VB 7960 964 8 back back RB 7960 964 9 of of IN 7960 964 10 written written JJ 7960 964 11 records record NNS 7960 964 12 . . . 7960 965 1 These these DT 7960 965 2 alone alone RB 7960 965 3 will will MD 7960 965 4 preserve preserve VB 7960 965 5 a a DT 7960 965 6 full full JJ 7960 965 7 and and CC 7960 965 8 accurate accurate JJ 7960 965 9 account account NN 7960 965 10 of of IN 7960 965 11 man man NN 7960 965 12 's 's POS 7960 965 13 achievements achievement NNS 7960 965 14 . . . 7960 966 1 Manuscripts manuscript NNS 7960 966 2 and and CC 7960 966 3 books book NNS 7960 966 4 form form VBP 7960 966 5 one one CD 7960 966 6 class class NN 7960 966 7 of of IN 7960 966 8 written write VBN 7960 966 9 records record NNS 7960 966 10 . . . 7960 967 1 The the DT 7960 967 2 old old JJ 7960 967 3 Babylonians Babylonians NNPS 7960 967 4 used use VBD 7960 967 5 tablets tablet NNS 7960 967 6 of of IN 7960 967 7 soft soft JJ 7960 967 8 clay clay NN 7960 967 9 , , , 7960 967 10 on on IN 7960 967 11 which which WDT 7960 967 12 signs sign NNS 7960 967 13 were be VBD 7960 967 14 impressed impress VBN 7960 967 15 with with IN 7960 967 16 a a DT 7960 967 17 metal metal NN 7960 967 18 instrument instrument NN 7960 967 19 . . . 7960 968 1 The the DT 7960 968 2 tablets tablet NNS 7960 968 3 were be VBD 7960 968 4 then then RB 7960 968 5 baked bake VBN 7960 968 6 hard hard RB 7960 968 7 in in IN 7960 968 8 an an DT 7960 968 9 oven oven NN 7960 968 10 . . . 7960 969 1 The the DT 7960 969 2 Egyptians Egyptians NNPS 7960 969 3 made make VBD 7960 969 4 a a DT 7960 969 5 kind kind NN 7960 969 6 of of IN 7960 969 7 paper paper NN 7960 969 8 out out IN 7960 969 9 of of IN 7960 969 10 the the DT 7960 969 11 papyrus papyru NNS 7960 969 12 , , , 7960 969 13 a a DT 7960 969 14 plant plant NN 7960 969 15 native native JJ 7960 969 16 to to IN 7960 969 17 the the DT 7960 969 18 Nile Nile NNP 7960 969 19 valley valley NN 7960 969 20 . . . 7960 970 1 The the DT 7960 970 2 Greeks Greeks NNPS 7960 970 3 and and CC 7960 970 4 Romans Romans NNPS 7960 970 5 at at IN 7960 970 6 first first RB 7960 970 7 used use VBN 7960 970 8 papyrus papyrus NN 7960 970 9 , , , 7960 970 10 but but CC 7960 970 11 later later RB 7960 970 12 they -PRON- PRP 7960 970 13 employed employ VBD 7960 970 14 the the DT 7960 970 15 more more RBR 7960 970 16 lasting lasting JJ 7960 970 17 parchment parchment NN 7960 970 18 prepared prepare VBN 7960 970 19 from from IN 7960 970 20 sheepskin sheepskin NN 7960 970 21 . . . 7960 971 1 Paper paper NN 7960 971 2 seems seem VBZ 7960 971 3 to to TO 7960 971 4 have have VB 7960 971 5 been be VBN 7960 971 6 a a DT 7960 971 7 Chinese chinese JJ 7960 971 8 invention invention NN 7960 971 9 . . . 7960 972 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 972 2 was be VBD 7960 972 3 introduced introduce VBN 7960 972 4 into into IN 7960 972 5 Europe Europe NNP 7960 972 6 by by IN 7960 972 7 the the DT 7960 972 8 Arabs Arabs NNPS 7960 972 9 during during IN 7960 972 10 the the DT 7960 972 11 twelfth twelfth JJ 7960 972 12 century century NN 7960 972 13 of of IN 7960 972 14 our -PRON- PRP$ 7960 972 15 era era NN 7960 972 16 . . . 7960 973 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 973 2 Illustration illustration NN 7960 973 3 : : : 7960 973 4 THE the DT 7960 973 5 DISK disk NN 7960 973 6 OF of IN 7960 973 7 PHAESTUS PHAESTUS NNP 7960 973 8 Found find VBN 7960 973 9 in in IN 7960 973 10 1908 1908 CD 7960 973 11 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 973 12 in in IN 7960 973 13 the the DT 7960 973 14 palace palace NN 7960 973 15 at at IN 7960 973 16 Phaestus Phaestus NNP 7960 973 17 , , , 7960 973 18 Crete Crete NNP 7960 973 19 . . . 7960 974 1 The the DT 7960 974 2 disk disk NN 7960 974 3 is be VBZ 7960 974 4 of of IN 7960 974 5 refined refined JJ 7960 974 6 clay clay NN 7960 974 7 on on IN 7960 974 8 which which WDT 7960 974 9 the the DT 7960 974 10 figures figure NNS 7960 974 11 were be VBD 7960 974 12 stamped stamp VBN 7960 974 13 in in IN 7960 974 14 relief relief NN 7960 974 15 with with IN 7960 974 16 punches punch NNS 7960 974 17 . . . 7960 975 1 Both both DT 7960 975 2 sides side NNS 7960 975 3 of of IN 7960 975 4 the the DT 7960 975 5 disk disk NN 7960 975 6 are be VBP 7960 975 7 covered cover VBN 7960 975 8 with with IN 7960 975 9 characters character NNS 7960 975 10 . . . 7960 976 1 The the DT 7960 976 2 side side NN 7960 976 3 seen see VBN 7960 976 4 in in IN 7960 976 5 the the DT 7960 976 6 illustration illustration NN 7960 976 7 contains contain VBZ 7960 976 8 31 31 CD 7960 976 9 sign sign NN 7960 976 10 groups group NNS 7960 976 11 ( ( -LRB- 7960 976 12 123 123 CD 7960 976 13 signs sign NNS 7960 976 14 ) ) -RRB- 7960 976 15 separated separate VBD 7960 976 16 from from IN 7960 976 17 one one CD 7960 976 18 another another DT 7960 976 19 by by IN 7960 976 20 incised incised JJ 7960 976 21 lines line NNS 7960 976 22 . . . 7960 977 1 The the DT 7960 977 2 other other JJ 7960 977 3 side side NN 7960 977 4 contains contain VBZ 7960 977 5 30 30 CD 7960 977 6 sign sign NN 7960 977 7 groups group NNS 7960 977 8 ( ( -LRB- 7960 977 9 118 118 CD 7960 977 10 signs sign NNS 7960 977 11 ) ) -RRB- 7960 977 12 . . . 7960 978 1 The the DT 7960 978 2 inscription inscription NN 7960 978 3 dates date VBZ 7960 978 4 from from IN 7960 978 5 about about RB 7960 978 6 1800 1800 CD 7960 978 7 B.C. B.C. 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from from IN 7960 1019 24 the the DT 7960 1019 25 use use NN 7960 1019 26 of of IN 7960 1019 27 stone stone NN 7960 1019 28 implements implement NNS 7960 1019 29 to to IN 7960 1019 30 those those DT 7960 1019 31 of of IN 7960 1019 32 metal metal NN 7960 1019 33 . . . 7960 1020 1 COPPER COPPER NNP 7960 1020 2 Copper Copper NNP 7960 1020 3 was be VBD 7960 1020 4 the the DT 7960 1020 5 first first JJ 7960 1020 6 metal metal NN 7960 1020 7 in in IN 7960 1020 8 common common JJ 7960 1020 9 use use NN 7960 1020 10 . . . 7960 1021 1 The the DT 7960 1021 2 credit credit NN 7960 1021 3 for for IN 7960 1021 4 the the DT 7960 1021 5 invention invention NN 7960 1021 6 of of IN 7960 1021 7 copper copper NN 7960 1021 8 tools tool NNS 7960 1021 9 seems seem VBZ 7960 1021 10 to to TO 7960 1021 11 belong belong VB 7960 1021 12 to to IN 7960 1021 13 the the DT 7960 1021 14 Egyptians Egyptians NNPS 7960 1021 15 . . . 7960 1022 1 At at IN 7960 1022 2 a a DT 7960 1022 3 very very RB 7960 1022 4 early early JJ 7960 1022 5 date date NN 7960 1022 6 they -PRON- PRP 7960 1022 7 were be VBD 7960 1022 8 working work VBG 7960 1022 9 the the DT 7960 1022 10 copper copper NN 7960 1022 11 mines mine NNS 7960 1022 12 on on IN 7960 1022 13 the the DT 7960 1022 14 peninsula peninsula NN 7960 1022 15 of of IN 7960 1022 16 Sinai Sinai NNP 7960 1022 17 . . . 7960 1023 1 The the DT 7960 1023 2 Babylonians Babylonians NNPS 7960 1023 3 probably probably RB 7960 1023 4 obtained obtain VBD 7960 1023 5 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 1023 6 copper copper NN 7960 1023 7 from from IN 7960 1023 8 the the DT 7960 1023 9 same same JJ 7960 1023 10 region region NN 7960 1023 11 . . . 7960 1024 1 Another another DT 7960 1024 2 source source NN 7960 1024 3 of of IN 7960 1024 4 this this DT 7960 1024 5 metal metal NN 7960 1024 6 was be VBD 7960 1024 7 the the DT 7960 1024 8 island island NN 7960 1024 9 of of IN 7960 1024 10 Cyprus Cyprus NNP 7960 1024 11 in in IN 7960 1024 12 the the DT 7960 1024 13 eastern eastern JJ 7960 1024 14 Mediterranean Mediterranean NNP 7960 1024 15 . . . 7960 1025 1 The the DT 7960 1025 2 Greek greek JJ 7960 1025 3 name name NN 7960 1025 4 of of IN 7960 1025 5 the the DT 7960 1025 6 island island NN 7960 1025 7 means mean VBZ 7960 1025 8 " " `` 7960 1025 9 copper copper NN 7960 1025 10 . . . 7960 1025 11 " " '' 7960 1026 1 BRONZE BRONZE NNP 7960 1026 2 But but CC 7960 1026 3 copper copper NN 7960 1026 4 tools tool NNS 7960 1026 5 were be VBD 7960 1026 6 soft soft JJ 7960 1026 7 and and CC 7960 1026 8 would would MD 7960 1026 9 not not RB 7960 1026 10 keep keep VB 7960 1026 11 an an DT 7960 1026 12 edge edge NN 7960 1026 13 . . . 7960 1027 1 Some some DT 7960 1027 2 ancient ancient JJ 7960 1027 3 smith smith NN 7960 1027 4 , , , 7960 1027 5 more more RBR 7960 1027 6 ingenious ingenious JJ 7960 1027 7 than than IN 7960 1027 8 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 1027 9 fellows fellow NNS 7960 1027 10 , , , 7960 1027 11 discovered discover VBD 7960 1027 12 that that IN 7960 1027 13 the the DT 7960 1027 14 addition addition NN 7960 1027 15 of of IN 7960 1027 16 a a DT 7960 1027 17 small small JJ 7960 1027 18 part part NN 7960 1027 19 of of IN 7960 1027 20 tin tin NN 7960 1027 21 to to IN 7960 1027 22 the the DT 7960 1027 23 copper copper NN 7960 1027 24 produced produce VBD 7960 1027 25 a a DT 7960 1027 26 new new JJ 7960 1027 27 metal metal NN 7960 1027 28 -- -- : 7960 1027 29 bronze bronze NN 7960 1027 30 -- -- : 7960 1027 31 harder hard RBR 7960 1027 32 than than IN 7960 1027 33 the the DT 7960 1027 34 old old JJ 7960 1027 35 , , , 7960 1027 36 yet yet CC 7960 1027 37 capable capable JJ 7960 1027 38 of of IN 7960 1027 39 being be VBG 7960 1027 40 molded mold VBN 7960 1027 41 into into IN 7960 1027 42 a a DT 7960 1027 43 variety variety NN 7960 1027 44 of of IN 7960 1027 45 forms form NNS 7960 1027 46 . . . 7960 1028 1 At at RB 7960 1028 2 least least JJS 7960 1028 3 as as RB 7960 1028 4 early early RB 7960 1028 5 as as IN 7960 1028 6 3000 3000 CD 7960 1028 7 B.C. B.C. NNP 7960 1029 1 we -PRON- PRP 7960 1029 2 find find VBP 7960 1029 3 bronze bronze NN 7960 1029 4 taking take VBG 7960 1029 5 the the DT 7960 1029 6 place place NN 7960 1029 7 of of IN 7960 1029 8 copper copper NN 7960 1029 9 in in IN 7960 1029 10 both both CC 7960 1029 11 Egypt Egypt NNP 7960 1029 12 and and CC 7960 1029 13 Babylonia Babylonia NNP 7960 1029 14 . . . 7960 1030 1 Somewhat somewhat RB 7960 1030 2 later later JJ 7960 1030 3 bronze bronze NN 7960 1030 4 was be VBD 7960 1030 5 introduced introduce VBN 7960 1030 6 into into IN 7960 1030 7 the the DT 7960 1030 8 island island NN 7960 1030 9 of of IN 7960 1030 10 Crete Crete NNP 7960 1030 11 , , , 7960 1030 12 then then RB 7960 1030 13 along along IN 7960 1030 14 the the DT 7960 1030 15 eastern eastern JJ 7960 1030 16 coast coast NN 7960 1030 17 of of IN 7960 1030 18 Greece Greece NNP 7960 1030 19 , , , 7960 1030 20 and and CC 7960 1030 21 afterwards afterwards RB 7960 1030 22 into into IN 7960 1030 23 other other JJ 7960 1030 24 European european JJ 7960 1030 25 countries country NNS 7960 1030 26 . . . 7960 1031 1 IRON IRON NNP 7960 1031 2 The the DT 7960 1031 3 introduction introduction NN 7960 1031 4 of of IN 7960 1031 5 iron iron NN 7960 1031 6 occurred occur VBD 7960 1031 7 in in IN 7960 1031 8 comparatively comparatively RB 7960 1031 9 recent recent JJ 7960 1031 10 times time NNS 7960 1031 11 . . . 7960 1032 1 At at IN 7960 1032 2 first first RB 7960 1032 3 it -PRON- PRP 7960 1032 4 was be VBD 7960 1032 5 a a DT 7960 1032 6 scarce scarce NN 7960 1032 7 , , , 7960 1032 8 and and CC 7960 1032 9 therefore therefore RB 7960 1032 10 a a DT 7960 1032 11 very very RB 7960 1032 12 precious precious JJ 7960 1032 13 , , , 7960 1032 14 metal metal NN 7960 1032 15 . . . 7960 1033 1 The the DT 7960 1033 2 Egyptians Egyptians NNPS 7960 1033 3 seem seem VBP 7960 1033 4 to to TO 7960 1033 5 have have VB 7960 1033 6 made make VBN 7960 1033 7 little little JJ 7960 1033 8 use use NN 7960 1033 9 of of IN 7960 1033 10 iron iron NN 7960 1033 11 before before IN 7960 1033 12 1500 1500 CD 7960 1033 13 B.C. B.C. NNP 7960 1034 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 1034 2 called call VBD 7960 1034 3 it -PRON- PRP 7960 1034 4 " " `` 7960 1034 5 the the DT 7960 1034 6 metal metal NN 7960 1034 7 of of IN 7960 1034 8 heaven heaven NNP 7960 1034 9 , , , 7960 1034 10 " " '' 7960 1034 11 as as IN 7960 1034 12 if if IN 7960 1034 13 they -PRON- PRP 7960 1034 14 obtained obtain VBD 7960 1034 15 it -PRON- PRP 7960 1034 16 from from IN 7960 1034 17 meteorites meteorite NNS 7960 1034 18 . . . 7960 1035 1 In in IN 7960 1035 2 the the DT 7960 1035 3 Greek Greek NNP 7960 1035 4 Homeric Homeric NNP 7960 1035 5 poems poem NNS 7960 1035 6 , , , 7960 1035 7 composed compose VBN 7960 1035 8 about about RB 7960 1035 9 900 900 CD 7960 1035 10 B.C. B.C. NNP 7960 1036 1 or or CC 7960 1036 2 later later RBR 7960 1036 3 , , , 7960 1036 4 we -PRON- PRP 7960 1036 5 find find VBP 7960 1036 6 iron iron NN 7960 1036 7 considered consider VBN 7960 1036 8 so so RB 7960 1036 9 valuable valuable JJ 7960 1036 10 that that IN 7960 1036 11 a a DT 7960 1036 12 lump lump NN 7960 1036 13 of of IN 7960 1036 14 it -PRON- PRP 7960 1036 15 is be VBZ 7960 1036 16 one one CD 7960 1036 17 of of IN 7960 1036 18 the the DT 7960 1036 19 chief chief JJ 7960 1036 20 prizes prize NNS 7960 1036 21 at at IN 7960 1036 22 athletic athletic JJ 7960 1036 23 games game NNS 7960 1036 24 . . . 7960 1037 1 In in IN 7960 1037 2 the the DT 7960 1037 3 first first JJ 7960 1037 4 five five CD 7960 1037 5 books book NNS 7960 1037 6 of of IN 7960 1037 7 the the DT 7960 1037 8 Bible Bible NNP 7960 1037 9 iron iron NN 7960 1037 10 is be VBZ 7960 1037 11 mentioned mention VBN 7960 1037 12 only only RB 7960 1037 13 thirteen thirteen CD 7960 1037 14 times time NNS 7960 1037 15 , , , 7960 1037 16 though though IN 7960 1037 17 copper copper NN 7960 1037 18 and and CC 7960 1037 19 bronze bronze NN 7960 1037 20 are be VBP 7960 1037 21 referred refer VBN 7960 1037 22 to to IN 7960 1037 23 forty forty CD 7960 1037 24 - - HYPH 7960 1037 25 four four CD 7960 1037 26 times time NNS 7960 1037 27 . . . 7960 1038 1 Iron iron NN 7960 1038 2 is be VBZ 7960 1038 3 more more RBR 7960 1038 4 difficult difficult JJ 7960 1038 5 to to TO 7960 1038 6 work work VB 7960 1038 7 than than IN 7960 1038 8 either either DT 7960 1038 9 copper copper NN 7960 1038 10 or or CC 7960 1038 11 bronze bronze NN 7960 1038 12 , , , 7960 1038 13 but but CC 7960 1038 14 it -PRON- PRP 7960 1038 15 is be VBZ 7960 1038 16 vastly vastly RB 7960 1038 17 superior superior JJ 7960 1038 18 to to IN 7960 1038 19 those those DT 7960 1038 20 metals metal NNS 7960 1038 21 in in IN 7960 1038 22 hardness hardness NN 7960 1038 23 and and CC 7960 1038 24 durability durability NN 7960 1038 25 . . . 7960 1039 1 Hence hence RB 7960 1039 2 it -PRON- PRP 7960 1039 3 gradually gradually RB 7960 1039 4 displaced displace VBD 7960 1039 5 them -PRON- PRP 7960 1039 6 throughout throughout IN 7960 1039 7 the the DT 7960 1039 8 greater great JJR 7960 1039 9 part part NN 7960 1039 10 of of IN 7960 1039 11 the the DT 7960 1039 12 Old Old NNP 7960 1039 13 World World NNP 7960 1039 14 . . . 7960 1040 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 1040 2 2 2 CD 7960 1040 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 1040 4 FIRST FIRST NNP 7960 1040 5 STEPS steps NN 7960 1040 6 TOWARD toward NN 7960 1040 7 CIVILIZATION CIVILIZATION NNP 7960 1040 8 During during IN 7960 1040 9 the the DT 7960 1040 10 prehistoric prehistoric JJ 7960 1040 11 period period NN 7960 1040 12 early early JJ 7960 1040 13 man man NN 7960 1040 14 came come VBD 7960 1040 15 to to TO 7960 1040 16 be be VB 7960 1040 17 widely widely RB 7960 1040 18 scattered scatter VBN 7960 1040 19 throughout throughout IN 7960 1040 20 the the DT 7960 1040 21 world world NN 7960 1040 22 . . . 7960 1041 1 Here here RB 7960 1041 2 and and CC 7960 1041 3 there there RB 7960 1041 4 , , , 7960 1041 5 slowly slowly RB 7960 1041 6 , , , 7960 1041 7 and and CC 7960 1041 8 with with IN 7960 1041 9 utmost utmost JJ 7960 1041 10 difficulty difficulty NN 7960 1041 11 , , , 7960 1041 12 he -PRON- PRP 7960 1041 13 began begin VBD 7960 1041 14 to to TO 7960 1041 15 take take VB 7960 1041 16 the the DT 7960 1041 17 first first JJ 7960 1041 18 steps step NNS 7960 1041 19 toward toward IN 7960 1041 20 civilization civilization NN 7960 1041 21 . . . 7960 1042 1 The the DT 7960 1042 2 tools tool NNS 7960 1042 3 and and CC 7960 1042 4 weapons weapon NNS 7960 1042 5 which which WDT 7960 1042 6 he -PRON- PRP 7960 1042 7 left leave VBD 7960 1042 8 behind behind IN 7960 1042 9 him -PRON- PRP 7960 1042 10 afford afford VBP 7960 1042 11 some some DT 7960 1042 12 evidence evidence NN 7960 1042 13 of of IN 7960 1042 14 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 1042 15 advance advance NN 7960 1042 16 . . . 7960 1043 1 We -PRON- PRP 7960 1043 2 may may MD 7960 1043 3 now now RB 7960 1043 4 single single VB 7960 1043 5 out out RP 7960 1043 6 some some DT 7960 1043 7 of of IN 7960 1043 8 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 1043 9 other other JJ 7960 1043 10 great great JJ 7960 1043 11 achievements achievement NNS 7960 1043 12 and and CC 7960 1043 13 follow follow VB 7960 1043 14 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 1043 15 development development NN 7960 1043 16 to to IN 7960 1043 17 the the DT 7960 1043 18 dawn dawn NN 7960 1043 19 of of IN 7960 1043 20 history history NN 7960 1043 21 . . . 7960 1044 1 3 3 LS 7960 1044 2 . . . 7960 1045 1 DOMESTICATION domestication NN 7960 1045 2 OF of IN 7960 1045 3 ANIMALS animal NNS 7960 1045 4 AND and CC 7960 1045 5 PLANTS plant NNS 7960 1045 6 HUNTING hunting NN 7960 1045 7 AND and CC 7960 1045 8 FISHING FISHING NNP 7960 1045 9 STAGE STAGE NNP 7960 1045 10 Prehistoric prehistoric JJ 7960 1045 11 man man NN 7960 1045 12 lived live VBD 7960 1045 13 at at IN 7960 1045 14 first first RB 7960 1045 15 chiefly chiefly RB 7960 1045 16 on on IN 7960 1045 17 wild wild JJ 7960 1045 18 berries berry NNS 7960 1045 19 , , , 7960 1045 20 nuts nut NNS 7960 1045 21 , , , 7960 1045 22 roots root NNS 7960 1045 23 , , , 7960 1045 24 and and CC 7960 1045 25 herbs herb NNS 7960 1045 26 . . . 7960 1046 1 As as IN 7960 1046 2 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 1046 3 implements implement NNS 7960 1046 4 improved improve VBD 7960 1046 5 and and CC 7960 1046 6 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 1046 7 skill skill NN 7960 1046 8 increased increase VBD 7960 1046 9 , , , 7960 1046 10 he -PRON- PRP 7960 1046 11 became become VBD 7960 1046 12 hunter hunter NN 7960 1046 13 , , , 7960 1046 14 trapper trapper NN 7960 1046 15 , , , 7960 1046 16 and and CC 7960 1046 17 fisher fisher NN 7960 1046 18 . . . 7960 1047 1 A a DT 7960 1047 2 tribe tribe NN 7960 1047 3 of of IN 7960 1047 4 hunters hunter NNS 7960 1047 5 , , , 7960 1047 6 however however RB 7960 1047 7 , , , 7960 1047 8 requires require VBZ 7960 1047 9 an an DT 7960 1047 10 extensive extensive JJ 7960 1047 11 territory territory NN 7960 1047 12 and and CC 7960 1047 13 a a DT 7960 1047 14 constant constant JJ 7960 1047 15 supply supply NN 7960 1047 16 of of IN 7960 1047 17 game game NN 7960 1047 18 . . . 7960 1048 1 When when WRB 7960 1048 2 the the DT 7960 1048 3 wild wild JJ 7960 1048 4 animals animal NNS 7960 1048 5 are be VBP 7960 1048 6 all all DT 7960 1048 7 killed kill VBN 7960 1048 8 or or CC 7960 1048 9 seriously seriously RB 7960 1048 10 reduced reduce VBN 7960 1048 11 in in IN 7960 1048 12 number number NN 7960 1048 13 , , , 7960 1048 14 privation privation NN 7960 1048 15 and and CC 7960 1048 16 hardship hardship NN 7960 1048 17 result result NN 7960 1048 18 . . . 7960 1049 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 1049 2 was be VBD 7960 1049 3 a a DT 7960 1049 4 forward forward JJ 7960 1049 5 step step NN 7960 1049 6 , , , 7960 1049 7 therefore therefore RB 7960 1049 8 , , , 7960 1049 9 when when WRB 7960 1049 10 man man NN 7960 1049 11 began begin VBD 7960 1049 12 to to TO 7960 1049 13 tame tame VB 7960 1049 14 animals animal NNS 7960 1049 15 as as RB 7960 1049 16 well well RB 7960 1049 17 as as IN 7960 1049 18 to to TO 7960 1049 19 kill kill VB 7960 1049 20 them -PRON- PRP 7960 1049 21 . . . 7960 1050 1 DOMESTICATION domestication NN 7960 1050 2 OF of IN 7960 1050 3 THE the DT 7960 1050 4 DOG DOG NNP 7960 1050 5 The the DT 7960 1050 6 dog dog NN 7960 1050 7 was be VBD 7960 1050 8 man man NN 7960 1050 9 's 's POS 7960 1050 10 first first JJ 7960 1050 11 conquest conquest NN 7960 1050 12 over over IN 7960 1050 13 the the DT 7960 1050 14 animal animal NN 7960 1050 15 kingdom kingdom NN 7960 1050 16 . . . 7960 1051 1 As as RB 7960 1051 2 early early RB 7960 1051 3 as as IN 7960 1051 4 the the DT 7960 1051 5 Age Age NNP 7960 1051 6 of of IN 7960 1051 7 Metals Metals NNPS 7960 1051 8 various various JJ 7960 1051 9 breeds breed NNS 7960 1051 10 appear appear VBP 7960 1051 11 , , , 7960 1051 12 such such JJ 7960 1051 13 as as IN 7960 1051 14 deerhounds deerhound NNS 7960 1051 15 , , , 7960 1051 16 sheep sheep NN 7960 1051 17 dogs dog NNS 7960 1051 18 , , , 7960 1051 19 and and CC 7960 1051 20 mastiffs mastiff NNS 7960 1051 21 . . . 7960 1052 1 The the DT 7960 1052 2 dog dog NN 7960 1052 3 soon soon RB 7960 1052 4 showed show VBD 7960 1052 5 how how WRB 7960 1052 6 useful useful JJ 7960 1052 7 he -PRON- PRP 7960 1052 8 could could MD 7960 1052 9 be be VB 7960 1052 10 . . . 7960 1053 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 1053 2 tracked track VBD 7960 1053 3 game game NN 7960 1053 4 , , , 7960 1053 5 guarded guard VBD 7960 1053 6 the the DT 7960 1053 7 camp camp NN 7960 1053 8 , , , 7960 1053 9 and and CC 7960 1053 10 later later RBR 7960 1053 11 , , , 7960 1053 12 in in IN 7960 1053 13 the the DT 7960 1053 14 pastoral pastoral JJ 7960 1053 15 stage stage NN 7960 1053 16 , , , 7960 1053 17 protected protect VBN 7960 1053 18 flocks flock NNS 7960 1053 19 and and CC 7960 1053 20 herds herd NNS 7960 1053 21 against against IN 7960 1053 22 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 1053 23 enemies enemy NNS 7960 1053 24 . . . 7960 1054 1 THE the DT 7960 1054 2 COW cow NN 7960 1054 3 The the DT 7960 1054 4 cow cow NN 7960 1054 5 also also RB 7960 1054 6 was be VBD 7960 1054 7 domesticated domesticate VBN 7960 1054 8 at at IN 7960 1054 9 a a DT 7960 1054 10 remote remote JJ 7960 1054 11 period period NN 7960 1054 12 . . . 7960 1055 1 No no DT 7960 1055 2 other other JJ 7960 1055 3 animal animal NN 7960 1055 4 has have VBZ 7960 1055 5 been be VBN 7960 1055 6 more more RBR 7960 1055 7 useful useful JJ 7960 1055 8 to to IN 7960 1055 9 mankind mankind NN 7960 1055 10 . . . 7960 1056 1 The the DT 7960 1056 2 cow cow NN 7960 1056 3 's 's POS 7960 1056 4 flesh flesh NN 7960 1056 5 and and CC 7960 1056 6 milk milk NN 7960 1056 7 supply supply NN 7960 1056 8 food food NN 7960 1056 9 : : : 7960 1056 10 the the DT 7960 1056 11 skin skin NN 7960 1056 12 provides provide VBZ 7960 1056 13 clothing clothing NN 7960 1056 14 ; ; : 7960 1056 15 the the DT 7960 1056 16 sinews sinews NNPS 7960 1056 17 , , , 7960 1056 18 bones bone NNS 7960 1056 19 , , , 7960 1056 20 and and CC 7960 1056 21 horns horn NNS 7960 1056 22 yield yield VBP 7960 1056 23 materials material NNS 7960 1056 24 for for IN 7960 1056 25 implements implement NNS 7960 1056 26 . . . 7960 1057 1 The the DT 7960 1057 2 ox ox NN 7960 1057 3 was be VBD 7960 1057 4 early early RB 7960 1057 5 trained train VBN 7960 1057 6 to to TO 7960 1057 7 bear bear VB 7960 1057 8 the the DT 7960 1057 9 yoke yoke NN 7960 1057 10 and and CC 7960 1057 11 draw draw VB 7960 1057 12 the the DT 7960 1057 13 plow plow NN 7960 1057 14 , , , 7960 1057 15 as as IN 7960 1057 16 we -PRON- PRP 7960 1057 17 may may MD 7960 1057 18 learn learn VB 7960 1057 19 from from IN 7960 1057 20 ancient ancient JJ 7960 1057 21 Egyptian egyptian JJ 7960 1057 22 paintings painting NNS 7960 1057 23 . . . 7960 1058 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 1058 2 3 3 CD 7960 1058 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 1058 4 Cattle Cattle NNS 7960 1058 5 have have VBP 7960 1058 6 also also RB 7960 1058 7 been be VBN 7960 1058 8 commonly commonly RB 7960 1058 9 used use VBN 7960 1058 10 as as IN 7960 1058 11 a a DT 7960 1058 12 kind kind NN 7960 1058 13 of of IN 7960 1058 14 money money NN 7960 1058 15 . . . 7960 1059 1 The the DT 7960 1059 2 early early JJ 7960 1059 3 Greeks Greeks NNPS 7960 1059 4 , , , 7960 1059 5 whose whose WP$ 7960 1059 6 wealth wealth NN 7960 1059 7 consisted consist VBD 7960 1059 8 chiefly chiefly RB 7960 1059 9 of of IN 7960 1059 10 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 1059 11 herds herd NNS 7960 1059 12 , , , 7960 1059 13 priced price VBN 7960 1059 14 a a DT 7960 1059 15 slave slave NN 7960 1059 16 at at IN 7960 1059 17 twenty twenty CD 7960 1059 18 oxen oxen NN 7960 1059 19 , , , 7960 1059 20 a a DT 7960 1059 21 suit suit NN 7960 1059 22 of of IN 7960 1059 23 armor armor NN 7960 1059 24 at at IN 7960 1059 25 one one CD 7960 1059 26 hundred hundred CD 7960 1059 27 oxen oxen NN 7960 1059 28 , , , 7960 1059 29 and and CC 7960 1059 30 so so RB 7960 1059 31 on on RB 7960 1059 32 . . . 7960 1060 1 The the DT 7960 1060 2 early early JJ 7960 1060 3 Romans Romans NNPS 7960 1060 4 reckoned reckon VBD 7960 1060 5 values value NNS 7960 1060 6 in in IN 7960 1060 7 cattle cattle NNS 7960 1060 8 ( ( -LRB- 7960 1060 9 one one CD 7960 1060 10 ox ox NN 7960 1060 11 being be VBG 7960 1060 12 equivalent equivalent JJ 7960 1060 13 to to IN 7960 1060 14 ten ten CD 7960 1060 15 sheep sheep NNS 7960 1060 16 ) ) -RRB- 7960 1060 17 . . . 7960 1061 1 Our -PRON- PRP$ 7960 1061 2 English english JJ 7960 1061 3 word word NN 7960 1061 4 " " `` 7960 1061 5 pecuniary pecuniary NN 7960 1061 6 " " '' 7960 1061 7 goes go VBZ 7960 1061 8 back back RB 7960 1061 9 to to IN 7960 1061 10 the the DT 7960 1061 11 Latin Latin NNP 7960 1061 12 _ _ NNP 7960 1061 13 pecus pecus NN 7960 1061 14 _ _ NNP 7960 1061 15 , , , 7960 1061 16 or or CC 7960 1061 17 " " `` 7960 1061 18 herd herd NN 7960 1061 19 " " '' 7960 1061 20 of of IN 7960 1061 21 cattle cattle NNS 7960 1061 22 . . . 7960 1062 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 1062 2 Illustration illustration NN 7960 1062 3 : : : 7960 1062 4 EARLY EARLY NNP 7960 1062 5 ROMAN roman NN 7960 1062 6 BAR bar NN 7960 1062 7 MONEY money NN 7960 1062 8 A a DT 7960 1062 9 bar bar NN 7960 1062 10 of of IN 7960 1062 11 copper copper NN 7960 1062 12 marked mark VBN 7960 1062 13 with with IN 7960 1062 14 the the DT 7960 1062 15 figure figure NN 7960 1062 16 of of IN 7960 1062 17 a a DT 7960 1062 18 bull bull NN 7960 1062 19 . . . 7960 1063 1 Dates date NNS 7960 1063 2 from from IN 7960 1063 3 the the DT 7960 1063 4 fourth fourth JJ 7960 1063 5 century century NN 7960 1063 6 B.C. B.C. NNP 7960 1063 7 ] ] -RRB- 7960 1064 1 THE the DT 7960 1064 2 HORSE horse NN 7960 1064 3 The the DT 7960 1064 4 domestication domestication NN 7960 1064 5 of of IN 7960 1064 6 the the DT 7960 1064 7 horse horse NN 7960 1064 8 came come VBD 7960 1064 9 much much RB 7960 1064 10 later later RB 7960 1064 11 than than IN 7960 1064 12 that that DT 7960 1064 13 of of IN 7960 1064 14 the the DT 7960 1064 15 cow cow NN 7960 1064 16 . . . 7960 1065 1 In in IN 7960 1065 2 the the DT 7960 1065 3 early early JJ 7960 1065 4 Stone Stone NNP 7960 1065 5 Age Age NNP 7960 1065 6 the the DT 7960 1065 7 horse horse NN 7960 1065 8 ran run VBD 7960 1065 9 wild wild JJ 7960 1065 10 over over IN 7960 1065 11 western western JJ 7960 1065 12 Europe Europe NNP 7960 1065 13 and and CC 7960 1065 14 formed form VBD 7960 1065 15 an an DT 7960 1065 16 important important JJ 7960 1065 17 source source NN 7960 1065 18 of of IN 7960 1065 19 food food NN 7960 1065 20 for for IN 7960 1065 21 primitive primitive JJ 7960 1065 22 men man NNS 7960 1065 23 . . . 7960 1066 1 This this DT 7960 1066 2 prehistoric prehistoric JJ 7960 1066 3 horse horse NN 7960 1066 4 , , , 7960 1066 5 as as IN 7960 1066 6 some some DT 7960 1066 7 ancient ancient JJ 7960 1066 8 drawings drawing NNS 7960 1066 9 show show VBP 7960 1066 10 , , , 7960 1066 11 [ [ -LRB- 7960 1066 12 4 4 CD 7960 1066 13 ] ] -RRB- 7960 1066 14 was be VBD 7960 1066 15 a a DT 7960 1066 16 small small JJ 7960 1066 17 animal animal NN 7960 1066 18 with with IN 7960 1066 19 a a DT 7960 1066 20 shaggy shaggy JJ 7960 1066 21 mane mane NN 7960 1066 22 and and CC 7960 1066 23 tail tail NN 7960 1066 24 . . . 7960 1067 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 1067 2 resembled resemble VBD 7960 1067 3 the the DT 7960 1067 4 wild wild JJ 7960 1067 5 pony pony NN 7960 1067 6 still still RB 7960 1067 7 found find VBN 7960 1067 8 on on IN 7960 1067 9 the the DT 7960 1067 10 steppes steppe NNS 7960 1067 11 of of IN 7960 1067 12 Mongolia Mongolia NNP 7960 1067 13 . . . 7960 1068 1 The the DT 7960 1068 2 domesticated domesticated JJ 7960 1068 3 horse horse NN 7960 1068 4 does do VBZ 7960 1068 5 not not RB 7960 1068 6 appear appear VB 7960 1068 7 in in IN 7960 1068 8 Egypt Egypt NNP 7960 1068 9 and and CC 7960 1068 10 western western JJ 7960 1068 11 Asia Asia NNP 7960 1068 12 much much RB 7960 1068 13 before before IN 7960 1068 14 1500 1500 CD 7960 1068 15 B.C. B.C. NNP 7960 1069 1 For for IN 7960 1069 2 a a DT 7960 1069 3 long long JJ 7960 1069 4 time time NN 7960 1069 5 after after IN 7960 1069 6 the the DT 7960 1069 7 horse horse NN 7960 1069 8 was be VBD 7960 1069 9 tamed tame VBN 7960 1069 10 , , , 7960 1069 11 the the DT 7960 1069 12 more more RBR 7960 1069 13 manageable manageable JJ 7960 1069 14 ox ox NNP 7960 1069 15 continued continue VBD 7960 1069 16 to to TO 7960 1069 17 be be VB 7960 1069 18 used use VBN 7960 1069 19 as as IN 7960 1069 20 the the DT 7960 1069 21 beast beast NN 7960 1069 22 of of IN 7960 1069 23 burden burden NN 7960 1069 24 . . . 7960 1070 1 The the DT 7960 1070 2 horse horse NN 7960 1070 3 was be VBD 7960 1070 4 kept keep VBN 7960 1070 5 for for IN 7960 1070 6 chariots chariot NNS 7960 1070 7 of of IN 7960 1070 8 war war NN 7960 1070 9 , , , 7960 1070 10 as as IN 7960 1070 11 among among IN 7960 1070 12 the the DT 7960 1070 13 Egyptians Egyptians NNPS 7960 1070 14 , , , 7960 1070 15 or or CC 7960 1070 16 ridden ridden JJ 7960 1070 17 bareback bareback NN 7960 1070 18 in in IN 7960 1070 19 races race NNS 7960 1070 20 , , , 7960 1070 21 as as IN 7960 1070 22 by by IN 7960 1070 23 the the DT 7960 1070 24 early early JJ 7960 1070 25 Greeks Greeks NNPS 7960 1070 26 . . . 7960 1071 1 OTHER other JJ 7960 1071 2 ANIMALS animal NNS 7960 1071 3 DOMESTICATED domesticate VBN 7960 1071 4 At at IN 7960 1071 5 the the DT 7960 1071 6 close close NN 7960 1071 7 of of IN 7960 1071 8 prehistoric prehistoric JJ 7960 1071 9 times time NNS 7960 1071 10 in in IN 7960 1071 11 the the DT 7960 1071 12 Old Old NNP 7960 1071 13 World World NNP 7960 1071 14 nearly nearly RB 7960 1071 15 all all PDT 7960 1071 16 the the DT 7960 1071 17 domestic domestic JJ 7960 1071 18 animals animal NNS 7960 1071 19 of of IN 7960 1071 20 to to IN 7960 1071 21 - - HYPH 7960 1071 22 day day NN 7960 1071 23 were be VBD 7960 1071 24 known know VBN 7960 1071 25 . . . 7960 1072 1 Besides besides IN 7960 1072 2 those those DT 7960 1072 3 just just RB 7960 1072 4 mentioned mention VBN 7960 1072 5 , , , 7960 1072 6 the the DT 7960 1072 7 goat goat NN 7960 1072 8 , , , 7960 1072 9 sheep sheep NN 7960 1072 10 , , , 7960 1072 11 ass ass NN 7960 1072 12 , , , 7960 1072 13 and and CC 7960 1072 14 hog hog NNP 7960 1072 15 had have VBD 7960 1072 16 become become VBN 7960 1072 17 man man NN 7960 1072 18 's 's POS 7960 1072 19 useful useful JJ 7960 1072 20 servants servant NNS 7960 1072 21 . . . 7960 1073 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 1073 2 5 5 LS 7960 1073 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 1073 4 PASTORAL pastoral JJ 7960 1073 5 STAGE stage NN 7960 1073 6 The the DT 7960 1073 7 domestication domestication NN 7960 1073 8 of of IN 7960 1073 9 animals animal NNS 7960 1073 10 made make VBD 7960 1073 11 possible possible JJ 7960 1073 12 an an DT 7960 1073 13 advance advance NN 7960 1073 14 from from IN 7960 1073 15 the the DT 7960 1073 16 hunting hunting NN 7960 1073 17 and and CC 7960 1073 18 fishing fishing NN 7960 1073 19 stage stage NN 7960 1073 20 to to IN 7960 1073 21 the the DT 7960 1073 22 pastoral pastoral JJ 7960 1073 23 stage stage NN 7960 1073 24 . . . 7960 1074 1 Herds herd NNS 7960 1074 2 of of IN 7960 1074 3 cattle cattle NNS 7960 1074 4 and and CC 7960 1074 5 sheep sheep NNS 7960 1074 6 would would MD 7960 1074 7 now now RB 7960 1074 8 furnish furnish VB 7960 1074 9 more more RBR 7960 1074 10 certain certain JJ 7960 1074 11 and and CC 7960 1074 12 abundant abundant JJ 7960 1074 13 supplies supply NNS 7960 1074 14 of of IN 7960 1074 15 food food NN 7960 1074 16 than than IN 7960 1074 17 the the DT 7960 1074 18 chase chase NN 7960 1074 19 could could MD 7960 1074 20 ever ever RB 7960 1074 21 yield yield VB 7960 1074 22 . . . 7960 1075 1 We -PRON- PRP 7960 1075 2 find find VBP 7960 1075 3 in in IN 7960 1075 4 some some DT 7960 1075 5 parts part NNS 7960 1075 6 of of IN 7960 1075 7 the the DT 7960 1075 8 world world NN 7960 1075 9 , , , 7960 1075 10 as as IN 7960 1075 11 on on IN 7960 1075 12 the the DT 7960 1075 13 great great JJ 7960 1075 14 Asiatic asiatic JJ 7960 1075 15 plains plain NNS 7960 1075 16 , , , 7960 1075 17 the the DT 7960 1075 18 herdsman herdsman NN 7960 1075 19 succeeding succeed VBG 7960 1075 20 the the DT 7960 1075 21 hunter hunter NN 7960 1075 22 and and CC 7960 1075 23 fisher fisher NN 7960 1075 24 . . . 7960 1076 1 But but CC 7960 1076 2 even even RB 7960 1076 3 in in IN 7960 1076 4 this this DT 7960 1076 5 stage stage NN 7960 1076 6 much much JJ 7960 1076 7 land land NN 7960 1076 8 for for IN 7960 1076 9 grazing grazing NN 7960 1076 10 is be VBZ 7960 1076 11 required require VBN 7960 1076 12 . . . 7960 1077 1 With with IN 7960 1077 2 the the DT 7960 1077 3 exhaustion exhaustion NN 7960 1077 4 of of IN 7960 1077 5 the the DT 7960 1077 6 pasturage pasturage NN 7960 1077 7 the the DT 7960 1077 8 sheep sheep NNS 7960 1077 9 or or CC 7960 1077 10 cattle cattle NNS 7960 1077 11 must must MD 7960 1077 12 be be VB 7960 1077 13 driven drive VBN 7960 1077 14 to to IN 7960 1077 15 new new JJ 7960 1077 16 fields field NNS 7960 1077 17 . . . 7960 1078 1 Hence hence RB 7960 1078 2 pastoral pastoral JJ 7960 1078 3 peoples people NNS 7960 1078 4 , , , 7960 1078 5 as as RB 7960 1078 6 well well RB 7960 1078 7 as as IN 7960 1078 8 hunting hunting NN 7960 1078 9 and and CC 7960 1078 10 fishing fishing NN 7960 1078 11 folk folk NN 7960 1078 12 , , , 7960 1078 13 remained remain VBD 7960 1078 14 nomads nomad NNS 7960 1078 15 without without IN 7960 1078 16 fixed fix VBN 7960 1078 17 homes home NNS 7960 1078 18 . . . 7960 1079 1 Before before IN 7960 1079 2 permanent permanent JJ 7960 1079 3 settlements settlement NNS 7960 1079 4 were be VBD 7960 1079 5 possible possible JJ 7960 1079 6 , , , 7960 1079 7 another another DT 7960 1079 8 onward onward JJ 7960 1079 9 step step NN 7960 1079 10 became become VBD 7960 1079 11 necessary necessary JJ 7960 1079 12 . . . 7960 1080 1 This this DT 7960 1080 2 was be VBD 7960 1080 3 the the DT 7960 1080 4 domestication domestication NN 7960 1080 5 of of IN 7960 1080 6 plants plant NNS 7960 1080 7 . . . 7960 1081 1 AGRICULTURAL AGRICULTURAL NNP 7960 1081 2 STAGE stage VBP 7960 1081 3 The the DT 7960 1081 4 domestication domestication NN 7960 1081 5 of of IN 7960 1081 6 plants plant NNS 7960 1081 7 marked mark VBN 7960 1081 8 almost almost RB 7960 1081 9 as as RB 7960 1081 10 wonderful wonderful JJ 7960 1081 11 an an DT 7960 1081 12 advance advance NN 7960 1081 13 as as IN 7960 1081 14 the the DT 7960 1081 15 domestication domestication NN 7960 1081 16 of of IN 7960 1081 17 animals animal NNS 7960 1081 18 . . . 7960 1082 1 When when WRB 7960 1082 2 wild wild JJ 7960 1082 3 seedgrasses seedgrasse NNS 7960 1082 4 and and CC 7960 1082 5 plants plant NNS 7960 1082 6 had have VBD 7960 1082 7 been be VBN 7960 1082 8 transformed transform VBN 7960 1082 9 into into IN 7960 1082 10 the the DT 7960 1082 11 great great JJ 7960 1082 12 cereals cereal NNS 7960 1082 13 -- -- : 7960 1082 14 wheat wheat NN 7960 1082 15 , , , 7960 1082 16 oats oats NN 7960 1082 17 , , , 7960 1082 18 barley barley NN 7960 1082 19 , , , 7960 1082 20 and and CC 7960 1082 21 rice rice NN 7960 1082 22 -- -- : 7960 1082 23 people people NNS 7960 1082 24 could could MD 7960 1082 25 raise raise VB 7960 1082 26 them -PRON- PRP 7960 1082 27 for for IN 7960 1082 28 food food NN 7960 1082 29 , , , 7960 1082 30 and and CC 7960 1082 31 so so RB 7960 1082 32 could could MD 7960 1082 33 pass pass VB 7960 1082 34 from from IN 7960 1082 35 the the DT 7960 1082 36 life life NN 7960 1082 37 of of IN 7960 1082 38 wandering wander VBG 7960 1082 39 hunters hunter NNS 7960 1082 40 or or CC 7960 1082 41 shepherds shepherd NNS 7960 1082 42 to to IN 7960 1082 43 the the DT 7960 1082 44 life life NN 7960 1082 45 of of IN 7960 1082 46 settled settle VBN 7960 1082 47 farmers farmer NNS 7960 1082 48 . . . 7960 1083 1 There there EX 7960 1083 2 is be VBZ 7960 1083 3 evidence evidence NN 7960 1083 4 that that IN 7960 1083 5 during during IN 7960 1083 6 the the DT 7960 1083 7 Stone Stone NNP 7960 1083 8 Age Age NNP 7960 1083 9 some some DT 7960 1083 10 of of IN 7960 1083 11 the the DT 7960 1083 12 inhabitants inhabitant NNS 7960 1083 13 of of IN 7960 1083 14 Europe Europe NNP 7960 1083 15 were be VBD 7960 1083 16 familiar familiar JJ 7960 1083 17 with with IN 7960 1083 18 various various JJ 7960 1083 19 cultivated cultivate VBN 7960 1083 20 plants plant NNS 7960 1083 21 , , , 7960 1083 22 but but CC 7960 1083 23 agriculture agriculture NN 7960 1083 24 on on IN 7960 1083 25 a a DT 7960 1083 26 large large JJ 7960 1083 27 scale scale NN 7960 1083 28 seems seem VBZ 7960 1083 29 to to TO 7960 1083 30 have have VB 7960 1083 31 begun begin VBN 7960 1083 32 in in IN 7960 1083 33 the the DT 7960 1083 34 fertile fertile JJ 7960 1083 35 regions region NNS 7960 1083 36 of of IN 7960 1083 37 Egypt Egypt NNP 7960 1083 38 and and CC 7960 1083 39 western western JJ 7960 1083 40 Asia Asia NNP 7960 1083 41 . . . 7960 1084 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 1084 2 6 6 CD 7960 1084 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 1084 4 Here here RB 7960 1084 5 first first RB 7960 1084 6 arose arise VBD 7960 1084 7 populous populous JJ 7960 1084 8 communities community NNS 7960 1084 9 with with IN 7960 1084 10 leisure leisure NN 7960 1084 11 to to TO 7960 1084 12 develop develop VB 7960 1084 13 the the DT 7960 1084 14 arts art NNS 7960 1084 15 of of IN 7960 1084 16 life life NN 7960 1084 17 . . . 7960 1085 1 Here here RB 7960 1085 2 , , , 7960 1085 3 as as IN 7960 1085 4 has have VBZ 7960 1085 5 been be VBN 7960 1085 6 already already RB 7960 1085 7 seen see VBN 7960 1085 8 , , , 7960 1085 9 [ [ -LRB- 7960 1085 10 7 7 CD 7960 1085 11 ] ] -RRB- 7960 1085 12 we -PRON- PRP 7960 1085 13 must must MD 7960 1085 14 look look VB 7960 1085 15 for for IN 7960 1085 16 the the DT 7960 1085 17 beginnings beginning NNS 7960 1085 18 of of IN 7960 1085 19 history history NN 7960 1085 20 . . . 7960 1086 1 4 4 LS 7960 1086 2 . . . 7960 1087 1 WRITING WRITING NNP 7960 1087 2 AND and CC 7960 1087 3 THE the DT 7960 1087 4 ALPHABET alphabet NN 7960 1087 5 PICTURE picture NN 7960 1087 6 WRITING writing NN 7960 1087 7 Though though IN 7960 1087 8 history history NN 7960 1087 9 is be VBZ 7960 1087 10 always always RB 7960 1087 11 based base VBN 7960 1087 12 on on IN 7960 1087 13 written write VBN 7960 1087 14 records record NNS 7960 1087 15 , , , 7960 1087 16 the the DT 7960 1087 17 first first JJ 7960 1087 18 steps step NNS 7960 1087 19 toward toward IN 7960 1087 20 writing writing NN 7960 1087 21 are be VBP 7960 1087 22 prehistoric prehistoric JJ 7960 1087 23 . . . 7960 1088 1 We -PRON- PRP 7960 1088 2 start start VBP 7960 1088 3 with with IN 7960 1088 4 the the DT 7960 1088 5 pictures picture NNS 7960 1088 6 or or CC 7960 1088 7 rough rough JJ 7960 1088 8 drawings drawing NNS 7960 1088 9 which which WDT 7960 1088 10 have have VBP 7960 1088 11 been be VBN 7960 1088 12 found find VBN 7960 1088 13 among among IN 7960 1088 14 the the DT 7960 1088 15 remains remain NNS 7960 1088 16 of of IN 7960 1088 17 the the DT 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7960 1090 20 2 2 CD 7960 1090 21 , , , 7960 1090 22 " " `` 7960 1090 23 morning morning NN 7960 1090 24 " " '' 7960 1090 25 ( ( -LRB- 7960 1090 26 Ojibwa ojibwa JJ 7960 1090 27 Indian Indian NNP 7960 1090 28 ) ) -RRB- 7960 1090 29 ; ; : 7960 1090 30 3 3 LS 7960 1090 31 , , , 7960 1090 32 " " `` 7960 1090 33 nothing nothing NN 7960 1090 34 " " '' 7960 1090 35 ( ( -LRB- 7960 1090 36 Ojibwa Ojibwa NNP 7960 1090 37 Indian Indian NNP 7960 1090 38 ) ) -RRB- 7960 1090 39 ; ; : 7960 1090 40 4 4 CD 7960 1090 41 and and CC 7960 1090 42 5 5 CD 7960 1090 43 , , , 7960 1090 44 " " `` 7960 1090 45 to to TO 7960 1090 46 eat eat VB 7960 1090 47 " " '' 7960 1090 48 ( ( -LRB- 7960 1090 49 Indian indian JJ 7960 1090 50 , , , 7960 1090 51 Mexican mexican JJ 7960 1090 52 , , , 7960 1090 53 Egyptian Egyptian NNP 7960 1090 54 , , , 7960 1090 55 etc etc FW 7960 1090 56 . . . 7960 1090 57 ) ) -RRB- 7960 1090 58 . . . 7960 1090 59 ] ] -RRB- 7960 1091 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 1091 2 wanted want VBD 7960 1091 3 to to TO 7960 1091 4 record record VB 7960 1091 5 thoughts thought NNS 7960 1091 6 and and CC 7960 1091 7 actions action NNS 7960 1091 8 , , , 7960 1091 9 and and CC 7960 1091 10 so so RB 7960 1091 11 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 1091 12 pictures picture NNS 7960 1091 13 tended tend VBD 7960 1091 14 to to TO 7960 1091 15 become become VB 7960 1091 16 symbols symbol NNS 7960 1091 17 of of IN 7960 1091 18 ideas idea NNS 7960 1091 19 . . . 7960 1092 1 The the DT 7960 1092 2 figure figure NN 7960 1092 3 of of IN 7960 1092 4 an an DT 7960 1092 5 arrow arrow NN 7960 1092 6 might may MD 7960 1092 7 be be VB 7960 1092 8 made make VBN 7960 1092 9 to to TO 7960 1092 10 represent represent VB 7960 1092 11 , , , 7960 1092 12 not not RB 7960 1092 13 a a DT 7960 1092 14 real real JJ 7960 1092 15 object object NN 7960 1092 16 , , , 7960 1092 17 but but CC 7960 1092 18 the the DT 7960 1092 19 idea idea NN 7960 1092 20 of of IN 7960 1092 21 an an DT 7960 1092 22 " " `` 7960 1092 23 enemy enemy NN 7960 1092 24 . . . 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19 written write VBN 7960 1101 20 by by IN 7960 1101 21 a a DT 7960 1101 22 flag flag NN 7960 1101 23 _ _ NNP 7960 1101 24 ( ( -LRB- 7960 1101 25 pan pan NNP 7960 1101 26 ) ) -RRB- 7960 1101 27 _ _ NNP 7960 1101 28 , , , 7960 1101 29 a a DT 7960 1101 30 stone stone NN 7960 1101 31 _ _ NNP 7960 1101 32 ( ( -LRB- 7960 1101 33 te te NNP 7960 1101 34 ) ) -RRB- 7960 1101 35 _ _ NNP 7960 1101 36 , , , 7960 1101 37 a a DT 7960 1101 38 prickly prickly JJ 7960 1101 39 pear pear NN 7960 1101 40 _ _ NNP 7960 1101 41 ( ( -LRB- 7960 1101 42 noch noch NNP 7960 1101 43 ) ) -RRB- 7960 1101 44 _ _ NNP 7960 1101 45 , , , 7960 1101 46 and and CC 7960 1101 47 another another DT 7960 1101 48 stone stone NN 7960 1101 49 _ _ NNP 7960 1101 50 ( ( -LRB- 7960 1101 51 te te NNP 7960 1101 52 ) ) -RRB- 7960 1101 53 _ _ NNP 7960 1101 54 . . . 7960 1101 55 ] ] -RRB- 7960 1102 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 1102 2 Illustration illustration NN 7960 1102 3 : : : 7960 1102 4 CHINESE CHINESE NNP 7960 1102 5 PICTURE picture NN 7960 1102 6 WRITING writing NN 7960 1102 7 AND and CC 7960 1102 8 LATER later NN 7960 1102 9 CONVENTIONAL conventional JJ 7960 1102 10 CHARACTERS character NNS 7960 1102 11 ] ] -RRB- 7960 1102 12 WORDS word NNS 7960 1102 13 AND and CC 7960 1102 14 SYLLABLES syllable NNS 7960 1102 15 In in IN 7960 1102 16 the the DT 7960 1102 17 simplest simple JJS 7960 1102 18 form form NN 7960 1102 19 of of IN 7960 1102 20 sound sound NN 7960 1102 21 writing write VBG 7960 1102 22 each each DT 7960 1102 23 separate separate JJ 7960 1102 24 picture picture NN 7960 1102 25 or or CC 7960 1102 26 symbol symbol NN 7960 1102 27 stands stand VBZ 7960 1102 28 for for IN 7960 1102 29 the the DT 7960 1102 30 sound sound NN 7960 1102 31 of of IN 7960 1102 32 an an DT 7960 1102 33 entire entire JJ 7960 1102 34 word word NN 7960 1102 35 . . . 7960 1103 1 This this DT 7960 1103 2 method method NN 7960 1103 3 was be VBD 7960 1103 4 employed employ VBN 7960 1103 5 by by IN 7960 1103 6 the the DT 7960 1103 7 Chinese Chinese NNPS 7960 1103 8 , , , 7960 1103 9 who who WP 7960 1103 10 have have VBP 7960 1103 11 never never RB 7960 1103 12 given give VBN 7960 1103 13 it -PRON- PRP 7960 1103 14 up up RP 7960 1103 15 . . . 7960 1104 1 A a DT 7960 1104 2 more more RBR 7960 1104 3 developed develop VBN 7960 1104 4 form form NN 7960 1104 5 of of IN 7960 1104 6 sound sound NN 7960 1104 7 writing writing NN 7960 1104 8 occurs occur VBZ 7960 1104 9 when when WRB 7960 1104 10 signs sign NNS 7960 1104 11 are be VBP 7960 1104 12 used use VBN 7960 1104 13 for for IN 7960 1104 14 the the DT 7960 1104 15 sounds sound NNS 7960 1104 16 , , , 7960 1104 17 not not RB 7960 1104 18 of of IN 7960 1104 19 entire entire JJ 7960 1104 20 words word NNS 7960 1104 21 , , , 7960 1104 22 but but CC 7960 1104 23 of of IN 7960 1104 24 separate separate JJ 7960 1104 25 syllables syllable NNS 7960 1104 26 . . . 7960 1105 1 Since since IN 7960 1105 2 the the DT 7960 1105 3 number number NN 7960 1105 4 of of IN 7960 1105 5 different different JJ 7960 1105 6 syllables syllable NNS 7960 1105 7 which which WDT 7960 1105 8 the the DT 7960 1105 9 voice voice NN 7960 1105 10 can can MD 7960 1105 11 utter utter VB 7960 1105 12 is be VBZ 7960 1105 13 limited limited JJ 7960 1105 14 , , , 7960 1105 15 it -PRON- PRP 7960 1105 16 now now RB 7960 1105 17 becomes become VBZ 7960 1105 18 possible possible JJ 7960 1105 19 to to TO 7960 1105 20 write write VB 7960 1105 21 all all PDT 7960 1105 22 the the DT 7960 1105 23 words word NNS 7960 1105 24 of of IN 7960 1105 25 a a DT 7960 1105 26 language language NN 7960 1105 27 with with IN 7960 1105 28 a a DT 7960 1105 29 few few JJ 7960 1105 30 hundred hundred CD 7960 1105 31 signs sign NNS 7960 1105 32 . . . 7960 1106 1 The the DT 7960 1106 2 Japanese Japanese NNPS 7960 1106 3 , , , 7960 1106 4 who who WP 7960 1106 5 borrowed borrow VBD 7960 1106 6 some some DT 7960 1106 7 of of IN 7960 1106 8 the the DT 7960 1106 9 Chinese chinese JJ 7960 1106 10 symbols symbol NNS 7960 1106 11 , , , 7960 1106 12 used use VBD 7960 1106 13 them -PRON- PRP 7960 1106 14 to to TO 7960 1106 15 denote denote VB 7960 1106 16 syllables syllable NNS 7960 1106 17 , , , 7960 1106 18 instead instead RB 7960 1106 19 of of IN 7960 1106 20 entire entire JJ 7960 1106 21 words word NNS 7960 1106 22 . . . 7960 1107 1 The the DT 7960 1107 2 Babylonians Babylonians NNPS 7960 1107 3 possessed possess VBD 7960 1107 4 , , , 7960 1107 5 in in IN 7960 1107 6 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 1107 7 cuneiform cuneiform NN 7960 1107 8 [ [ -LRB- 7960 1107 9 9 9 CD 7960 1107 10 ] ] -RRB- 7960 1107 11 characters character NNS 7960 1107 12 , , , 7960 1107 13 signs sign NNS 7960 1107 14 for for IN 7960 1107 15 about about RB 7960 1107 16 five five CD 7960 1107 17 hundred hundred CD 7960 1107 18 syllables syllable NNS 7960 1107 19 . . . 7960 1108 1 The the DT 7960 1108 2 prehistoric prehistoric JJ 7960 1108 3 inhabitants inhabitant NNS 7960 1108 4 of of IN 7960 1108 5 Crete Crete NNP 7960 1108 6 appear appear VBP 7960 1108 7 to to TO 7960 1108 8 have have VB 7960 1108 9 been be VBN 7960 1108 10 acquainted acquaint VBN 7960 1108 11 with with IN 7960 1108 12 a a DT 7960 1108 13 somewhat somewhat RB 7960 1108 14 similar similar JJ 7960 1108 15 system system NN 7960 1108 16 . . . 7960 1109 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 1109 2 10 10 CD 7960 1109 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 1109 4 LETTERS letter NNS 7960 1109 5 The the DT 7960 1109 6 final final JJ 7960 1109 7 step step NN 7960 1109 8 in in IN 7960 1109 9 the the DT 7960 1109 10 development development NN 7960 1109 11 of of IN 7960 1109 12 writing writing NN 7960 1109 13 is be VBZ 7960 1109 14 taken take VBN 7960 1109 15 when when WRB 7960 1109 16 the the DT 7960 1109 17 separate separate JJ 7960 1109 18 sounds sound NNS 7960 1109 19 of of IN 7960 1109 20 the the DT 7960 1109 21 voice voice NN 7960 1109 22 are be VBP 7960 1109 23 analyzed analyze VBN 7960 1109 24 and and CC 7960 1109 25 each each DT 7960 1109 26 is be VBZ 7960 1109 27 represented represent VBN 7960 1109 28 by by IN 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VBZ 7960 1112 3 The the DT 7960 1112 4 Egyptians Egyptians NNPS 7960 1112 5 early early RB 7960 1112 6 developed develop VBD 7960 1112 7 such such PDT 7960 1112 8 an an DT 7960 1112 9 alphabet alphabet NN 7960 1112 10 . . . 7960 1113 1 Unfortunately unfortunately RB 7960 1113 2 they -PRON- PRP 7960 1113 3 never never RB 7960 1113 4 gave give VBD 7960 1113 5 up up RP 7960 1113 6 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 1113 7 older old JJR 7960 1113 8 methods method NNS 7960 1113 9 of of IN 7960 1113 10 writing writing NN 7960 1113 11 and and CC 7960 1113 12 learned learn VBD 7960 1113 13 to to TO 7960 1113 14 rely rely VB 7960 1113 15 upon upon IN 7960 1113 16 alphabetic alphabetic JJ 7960 1113 17 signs sign NNS 7960 1113 18 alone alone RB 7960 1113 19 . . . 7960 1114 1 Egyptian egyptian JJ 7960 1114 2 hieroglyphics hieroglyphic NNS 7960 1114 3 [ [ -LRB- 7960 1114 4 11 11 CD 7960 1114 5 ] ] -RRB- 7960 1114 6 are be VBP 7960 1114 7 a a DT 7960 1114 8 curious curious JJ 7960 1114 9 jumble jumble NN 7960 1114 10 of of IN 7960 1114 11 object- object- JJ 7960 1114 12 pictures picture NNS 7960 1114 13 , , , 7960 1114 14 symbols symbol NNS 7960 1114 15 of of IN 7960 1114 16 ideas idea NNS 7960 1114 17 , , , 7960 1114 18 and and CC 7960 1114 19 signs sign NNS 7960 1114 20 for for IN 7960 1114 21 entire entire JJ 7960 1114 22 words word NNS 7960 1114 23 , , , 7960 1114 24 separate separate JJ 7960 1114 25 syllables syllable NNS 7960 1114 26 , , , 7960 1114 27 and and CC 7960 1114 28 letters letter NNS 7960 1114 29 . . . 7960 1115 1 The the DT 7960 1115 2 writing writing NN 7960 1115 3 is be VBZ 7960 1115 4 a a DT 7960 1115 5 museum museum NN 7960 1115 6 of of IN 7960 1115 7 all all PDT 7960 1115 8 the the DT 7960 1115 9 steps step NNS 7960 1115 10 in in IN 7960 1115 11 the the DT 7960 1115 12 development development NN 7960 1115 13 from from IN 7960 1115 14 the the DT 7960 1115 15 picture picture NN 7960 1115 16 to to IN 7960 1115 17 the the DT 7960 1115 18 letter letter NN 7960 1115 19 . . 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B.C. NNP 7960 1117 1 we -PRON- PRP 7960 1117 2 find find VBP 7960 1117 3 the the DT 7960 1117 4 Phoenicians Phoenicians NNPS 7960 1117 5 of of IN 7960 1117 6 western western JJ 7960 1117 7 Asia Asia NNP 7960 1117 8 in in IN 7960 1117 9 possession possession NN 7960 1117 10 of of IN 7960 1117 11 an an DT 7960 1117 12 alphabet alphabet NN 7960 1117 13 . . . 7960 1118 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 1118 2 consisted consist VBD 7960 1118 3 of of IN 7960 1118 4 twenty twenty CD 7960 1118 5 - - HYPH 7960 1118 6 two two CD 7960 1118 7 letters letter NNS 7960 1118 8 , , , 7960 1118 9 each each DT 7960 1118 10 representing represent VBG 7960 1118 11 a a DT 7960 1118 12 consonant consonant NN 7960 1118 13 . . . 7960 1119 1 The the DT 7960 1119 2 Phoenicians Phoenicians NNPS 7960 1119 3 do do VBP 7960 1119 4 not not RB 7960 1119 5 seem seem VB 7960 1119 6 to to TO 7960 1119 7 have have VB 7960 1119 8 invented invent VBN 7960 1119 9 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 1119 10 alphabetic alphabetic JJ 7960 1119 11 signs sign NNS 7960 1119 12 . . . 7960 1120 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 1120 2 is be VBZ 7960 1120 3 generally generally RB 7960 1120 4 believed believe VBN 7960 1120 5 that that IN 7960 1120 6 they -PRON- PRP 7960 1120 7 borrowed borrow VBD 7960 1120 8 them -PRON- PRP 7960 1120 9 from from IN 7960 1120 10 the the DT 7960 1120 11 Egyptians Egyptians NNPS 7960 1120 12 , , , 7960 1120 13 but but CC 7960 1120 14 recent recent JJ 7960 1120 15 discoveries discovery NNS 7960 1120 16 in in IN 7960 1120 17 Crete Crete NNP 7960 1120 18 perhaps perhaps RB 7960 1120 19 point point VBP 7960 1120 20 to to IN 7960 1120 21 that that DT 7960 1120 22 island island NN 7960 1120 23 as as IN 7960 1120 24 the the DT 7960 1120 25 source source NN 7960 1120 26 of of IN 7960 1120 27 the the DT 7960 1120 28 Phoenician phoenician JJ 7960 1120 29 alphabet alphabet NN 7960 1120 30 . . . 7960 1121 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 1121 2 Illustration illustration NN 7960 1121 3 : : : 7960 1121 4 EGYPTIAN egyptian VB 7960 1121 5 AND and CC 7960 1121 6 BABYLONIAN babylonian NN 7960 1121 7 WRITING WRITING . 7960 1121 8 Below below IN 7960 1121 9 the the DT 7960 1121 10 pictured picture VBN 7960 1121 11 hieroglyphics hieroglyphic NNS 7960 1121 12 in in IN 7960 1121 13 the the DT 7960 1121 14 first first JJ 7960 1121 15 line line NN 7960 1121 16 is be VBZ 7960 1121 17 the the DT 7960 1121 18 same same JJ 7960 1121 19 text text NN 7960 1121 20 in in IN 7960 1121 21 a a DT 7960 1121 22 simpler simple JJR 7960 1121 23 writing writing NN 7960 1121 24 known know VBN 7960 1121 25 as as IN 7960 1121 26 hieratic hieratic JJ 7960 1121 27 . . . 7960 1122 1 The the DT 7960 1122 2 two two CD 7960 1122 3 systems system NNS 7960 1122 4 , , , 7960 1122 5 however however RB 7960 1122 6 , , , 7960 1122 7 were be VBD 7960 1122 8 not not RB 7960 1122 9 distinct distinct JJ 7960 1122 10 ; ; : 7960 1122 11 they -PRON- PRP 7960 1122 12 were be VBD 7960 1122 13 as as RB 7960 1122 14 identical identical JJ 7960 1122 15 as as IN 7960 1122 16 our -PRON- PRP$ 7960 1122 17 own own JJ 7960 1122 18 printed print VBN 7960 1122 19 and and CC 7960 1122 20 written write VBN 7960 1122 21 characters character NNS 7960 1122 22 . . . 7960 1123 1 The the DT 7960 1123 2 third third JJ 7960 1123 3 line line NN 7960 1123 4 illustrates illustrate VBZ 7960 1123 5 old old JJ 7960 1123 6 Babylonian babylonian JJ 7960 1123 7 cuneiform cuneiform NN 7960 1123 8 , , , 7960 1123 9 in in IN 7960 1123 10 which which WDT 7960 1123 11 the the DT 7960 1123 12 characters character NNS 7960 1123 13 , , , 7960 1123 14 like like IN 7960 1123 15 the the DT 7960 1123 16 hieroglyphics hieroglyphic NNS 7960 1123 17 , , , 7960 1123 18 are be VBP 7960 1123 19 rude rude JJ 7960 1123 20 and and CC 7960 1123 21 broken break VBN 7960 1123 22 - - HYPH 7960 1123 23 down down RP 7960 1123 24 pictures picture NNS 7960 1123 25 of of IN 7960 1123 26 objects object NNS 7960 1123 27 . . . 7960 1124 1 Derived derive VBN 7960 1124 2 from from IN 7960 1124 3 them -PRON- PRP 7960 1124 4 is be VBZ 7960 1124 5 the the DT 7960 1124 6 later later JJ 7960 1124 7 cuneiform cuneiform NN 7960 1124 8 shown show VBN 7960 1124 9 in in IN 7960 1124 10 lines line NNS 7960 1124 11 four four CD 7960 1124 12 and and CC 7960 1124 13 five five CD 7960 1124 14 . . . 7960 1124 15 ] ] -RRB- 7960 1125 1 DIFFUSION diffusion NN 7960 1125 2 OF of IN 7960 1125 3 THE the DT 7960 1125 4 PHOENICIAN PHOENICIAN NNP 7960 1125 5 ALPHABET ALPHABET NNP 7960 1125 6 If if IN 7960 1125 7 they -PRON- PRP 7960 1125 8 did do VBD 7960 1125 9 not not RB 7960 1125 10 originate originate VB 7960 1125 11 the the DT 7960 1125 12 alphabet alphabet NN 7960 1125 13 now now RB 7960 1125 14 in in IN 7960 1125 15 use use NN 7960 1125 16 , , , 7960 1125 17 the the DT 7960 1125 18 Phoenicians Phoenicians NNPS 7960 1125 19 did do VBD 7960 1125 20 most most RBS 7960 1125 21 to to TO 7960 1125 22 spread spread VB 7960 1125 23 a a DT 7960 1125 24 knowledge knowledge NN 7960 1125 25 of of IN 7960 1125 26 it -PRON- PRP 7960 1125 27 in in IN 7960 1125 28 other other JJ 7960 1125 29 lands land NNS 7960 1125 30 . . . 7960 1126 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 1126 2 were be VBD 7960 1126 3 bold bold JJ 7960 1126 4 sailors sailor NNS 7960 1126 5 and and CC 7960 1126 6 traders trader NNS 7960 1126 7 who who WP 7960 1126 8 bought buy VBD 7960 1126 9 and and CC 7960 1126 10 sold sell VBD 7960 1126 11 throughout throughout IN 7960 1126 12 the the DT 7960 1126 13 Mediterranean Mediterranean NNP 7960 1126 14 . . . 7960 1127 1 Wherever wherever WRB 7960 1127 2 they -PRON- PRP 7960 1127 3 went go VBD 7960 1127 4 , , , 7960 1127 5 they -PRON- PRP 7960 1127 6 took take VBD 7960 1127 7 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 1127 8 alphabet alphabet NN 7960 1127 9 . . . 7960 1128 1 From from IN 7960 1128 2 the the DT 7960 1128 3 Phoenicians Phoenicians NNPS 7960 1128 4 the the DT 7960 1128 5 Greeks Greeks NNPS 7960 1128 6 learned learn VBD 7960 1128 7 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 1128 8 letters letter NNS 7960 1128 9 . . . 7960 1129 1 Then then RB 7960 1129 2 the the DT 7960 1129 3 Greeks Greeks NNPS 7960 1129 4 taught teach VBD 7960 1129 5 them -PRON- PRP 7960 1129 6 to to IN 7960 1129 7 the the DT 7960 1129 8 Romans Romans NNPS 7960 1129 9 , , , 7960 1129 10 from from IN 7960 1129 11 whom whom WP 7960 1129 12 other other JJ 7960 1129 13 European european JJ 7960 1129 14 peoples people NNS 7960 1129 15 borrowed borrow VBD 7960 1129 16 them -PRON- PRP 7960 1129 17 . . . 7960 1130 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 1130 2 12 12 CD 7960 1130 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 1130 4 [ [ -LRB- 7960 1130 5 Illustration illustration NN 7960 1130 6 : : : 7960 1130 7 THE the DT 7960 1130 8 MOABITE MOABITE NNP 7960 1130 9 STONE STONE NNP 7960 1130 10 , , , 7960 1130 11 ( ( -LRB- 7960 1130 12 Louvre Louvre NNP 7960 1130 13 , , , 7960 1130 14 Paris Paris NNP 7960 1130 15 ) ) -RRB- 7960 1130 16 Found find VBN 7960 1130 17 in in IN 7960 1130 18 1868 1868 CD 7960 1130 19 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 1130 20 at at IN 7960 1130 21 Diban Diban NNP 7960 1130 22 east east NN 7960 1130 23 of of IN 7960 1130 24 the the DT 7960 1130 25 Dead Dead NNP 7960 1130 26 Sea Sea NNP 7960 1130 27 . . . 7960 1131 1 The the DT 7960 1131 2 monument monument NN 7960 1131 3 records record VBZ 7960 1131 4 the the DT 7960 1131 5 victory victory NN 7960 1131 6 of of IN 7960 1131 7 Mesha Mesha NNP 7960 1131 8 king king NN 7960 1131 9 of of IN 7960 1131 10 Moab Moab NNP 7960 1131 11 , , , 7960 1131 12 over over IN 7960 1131 13 the the DT 7960 1131 14 united united NNP 7960 1131 15 armies army NNS 7960 1131 16 of of IN 7960 1131 17 Israel Israel NNP 7960 1131 18 and and CC 7960 1131 19 Judah Judah NNP 7960 1131 20 about about RB 7960 1131 21 850 850 CD 7960 1131 22 B.C. B.C. NNP 7960 1132 1 The the DT 7960 1132 2 inscription inscription NN 7960 1132 3 , , , 7960 1132 4 consisting consist VBG 7960 1132 5 of of IN 7960 1132 6 34 34 CD 7960 1132 7 lines line NNS 7960 1132 8 is be VBZ 7960 1132 9 one one CD 7960 1132 10 of of IN 7960 1132 11 the the DT 7960 1132 12 most most RBS 7960 1132 13 ancient ancient JJ 7960 1132 14 examples example NNS 7960 1132 15 of of IN 7960 1132 16 Phoenician phoenician JJ 7960 1132 17 writing writing NN 7960 1132 18 . . . 7960 1132 19 ] ] -RRB- 7960 1133 1 5 5 CD 7960 1133 2 . . . 7960 1134 1 PRIMITIVE primitive JJ 7960 1134 2 SCIENCE science NN 7960 1134 3 AND and CC 7960 1134 4 ART art NN 7960 1134 5 FOUNDATIONS foundation NNS 7960 1134 6 OF of IN 7960 1134 7 SCIENTIFIC scientific JJ 7960 1134 8 KNOWLEDGE knowledge NN 7960 1134 9 We -PRON- PRP 7960 1134 10 have have VBP 7960 1134 11 already already RB 7960 1134 12 seen see VBN 7960 1134 13 that that IN 7960 1134 14 prehistoric prehistoric JJ 7960 1134 15 men man NNS 7960 1134 16 in in IN 7960 1134 17 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 1134 18 struggle struggle NN 7960 1134 19 for for IN 7960 1134 20 existence existence NN 7960 1134 21 had have VBD 7960 1134 22 gathered gather VBN 7960 1134 23 an an DT 7960 1134 24 extensive extensive JJ 7960 1134 25 fund fund NN 7960 1134 26 of of IN 7960 1134 27 information information NN 7960 1134 28 . . . 7960 1135 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 1135 2 could could MD 7960 1135 3 make make VB 7960 1135 4 useful useful JJ 7960 1135 5 and and CC 7960 1135 6 artistic artistic JJ 7960 1135 7 implements implement NNS 7960 1135 8 of of IN 7960 1135 9 stone stone NN 7960 1135 10 . . . 7960 1136 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 1136 2 could could MD 7960 1136 3 work work VB 7960 1136 4 many many JJ 7960 1136 5 metals metal NNS 7960 1136 6 into into IN 7960 1136 7 a a DT 7960 1136 8 variety variety NN 7960 1136 9 of of IN 7960 1136 10 tools tool NNS 7960 1136 11 and and CC 7960 1136 12 weapons weapon NNS 7960 1136 13 . . . 7960 1137 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 1137 2 were be VBD 7960 1137 3 practical practical JJ 7960 1137 4 botanists botanist NNS 7960 1137 5 , , , 7960 1137 6 able able JJ 7960 1137 7 to to TO 7960 1137 8 distinguish distinguish VB 7960 1137 9 different different JJ 7960 1137 10 plants plant NNS 7960 1137 11 and and CC 7960 1137 12 to to TO 7960 1137 13 cultivate cultivate VB 7960 1137 14 them -PRON- PRP 7960 1137 15 for for IN 7960 1137 16 food food NN 7960 1137 17 . . . 7960 1138 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 1138 2 were be VBD 7960 1138 3 close close JJ 7960 1138 4 students student NNS 7960 1138 5 of of IN 7960 1138 6 animal animal NN 7960 1138 7 life life NN 7960 1138 8 and and CC 7960 1138 9 expert expert NN 7960 1138 10 hunters hunter NNS 7960 1138 11 and and CC 7960 1138 12 fishers fisher NNS 7960 1138 13 . . . 7960 1139 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 1139 2 knew know VBD 7960 1139 3 how how WRB 7960 1139 4 to to TO 7960 1139 5 produce produce VB 7960 1139 6 fire fire NN 7960 1139 7 and and CC 7960 1139 8 preserve preserve VB 7960 1139 9 it -PRON- PRP 7960 1139 10 , , , 7960 1139 11 how how WRB 7960 1139 12 to to TO 7960 1139 13 cook cook VB 7960 1139 14 , , , 7960 1139 15 how how WRB 7960 1139 16 to to TO 7960 1139 17 fashion fashion VB 7960 1139 18 pottery pottery NN 7960 1139 19 and and CC 7960 1139 20 baskets basket NNS 7960 1139 21 , , , 7960 1139 22 how how WRB 7960 1139 23 to to TO 7960 1139 24 spin spin VB 7960 1139 25 and and CC 7960 1139 26 weave weave VB 7960 1139 27 , , , 7960 1139 28 how how WRB 7960 1139 29 to to TO 7960 1139 30 build build VB 7960 1139 31 boats boat NNS 7960 1139 32 and and CC 7960 1139 33 houses house NNS 7960 1139 34 . . . 7960 1140 1 After after IN 7960 1140 2 writing writing NN 7960 1140 3 came come VBD 7960 1140 4 into into IN 7960 1140 5 general general JJ 7960 1140 6 use use NN 7960 1140 7 , , , 7960 1140 8 all all PDT 7960 1140 9 this this DT 7960 1140 10 knowledge knowledge NN 7960 1140 11 served serve VBD 7960 1140 12 as as IN 7960 1140 13 the the DT 7960 1140 14 foundation foundation NN 7960 1140 15 of of IN 7960 1140 16 science science NN 7960 1140 17 . . . 7960 1141 1 COUNTING counting NN 7960 1141 2 AND and CC 7960 1141 3 MEASURING measure VBG 7960 1141 4 We -PRON- PRP 7960 1141 5 can can MD 7960 1141 6 still still RB 7960 1141 7 distinguish distinguish VB 7960 1141 8 some some DT 7960 1141 9 of of IN 7960 1141 10 the the DT 7960 1141 11 first first JJ 7960 1141 12 steps step NNS 7960 1141 13 in in IN 7960 1141 14 scientific scientific JJ 7960 1141 15 knowledge knowledge NN 7960 1141 16 . . . 7960 1142 1 Thus thus RB 7960 1142 2 , , , 7960 1142 3 counting counting NN 7960 1142 4 began begin VBD 7960 1142 5 with with IN 7960 1142 6 calculations calculation NNS 7960 1142 7 on on IN 7960 1142 8 one one CD 7960 1142 9 's 's POS 7960 1142 10 fingers finger NNS 7960 1142 11 , , , 7960 1142 12 a a DT 7960 1142 13 method method NN 7960 1142 14 still still RB 7960 1142 15 familiar familiar JJ 7960 1142 16 to to IN 7960 1142 17 children child NNS 7960 1142 18 . . . 7960 1143 1 Finger Finger NNP 7960 1143 2 counting counting NN 7960 1143 3 explains explain VBZ 7960 1143 4 the the DT 7960 1143 5 origin origin NN 7960 1143 6 of of IN 7960 1143 7 the the DT 7960 1143 8 decimal decimal JJ 7960 1143 9 system system NN 7960 1143 10 . . . 7960 1144 1 The the DT 7960 1144 2 simplest simple JJS 7960 1144 3 , , , 7960 1144 4 and and CC 7960 1144 5 probably probably RB 7960 1144 6 the the DT 7960 1144 7 earliest early JJS 7960 1144 8 , , , 7960 1144 9 measures measure NNS 7960 1144 10 of of IN 7960 1144 11 length length NN 7960 1144 12 are be VBP 7960 1144 13 those those DT 7960 1144 14 based base VBN 7960 1144 15 on on IN 7960 1144 16 various various JJ 7960 1144 17 parts part NNS 7960 1144 18 of of IN 7960 1144 19 the the DT 7960 1144 20 body body NN 7960 1144 21 . . . 7960 1145 1 Some some DT 7960 1145 2 of of IN 7960 1145 3 our -PRON- PRP$ 7960 1145 4 Indian indian JJ 7960 1145 5 tribes tribe NNS 7960 1145 6 , , , 7960 1145 7 for for IN 7960 1145 8 instance instance NN 7960 1145 9 , , , 7960 1145 10 employed employ VBD 7960 1145 11 the the DT 7960 1145 12 double double JJ 7960 1145 13 arm arm NN 7960 1145 14 's 's POS 7960 1145 15 length length NN 7960 1145 16 , , , 7960 1145 17 the the DT 7960 1145 18 single single JJ 7960 1145 19 arm arm NN 7960 1145 20 's 's POS 7960 1145 21 length length NN 7960 1145 22 , , , 7960 1145 23 the the DT 7960 1145 24 hand hand NN 7960 1145 25 width width NN 7960 1145 26 , , , 7960 1145 27 and and CC 7960 1145 28 the the DT 7960 1145 29 finger finger NN 7960 1145 30 width width NN 7960 1145 31 . . . 7960 1146 1 Old old JJ 7960 1146 2 English english JJ 7960 1146 3 standards standard NNS 7960 1146 4 , , , 7960 1146 5 such such JJ 7960 1146 6 as as IN 7960 1146 7 the the DT 7960 1146 8 span span NN 7960 1146 9 , , , 7960 1146 10 the the DT 7960 1146 11 ell ell NN 7960 1146 12 , , , 7960 1146 13 and and CC 7960 1146 14 the the DT 7960 1146 15 hand hand NN 7960 1146 16 , , , 7960 1146 17 go go VB 7960 1146 18 back back RB 7960 1146 19 to to IN 7960 1146 20 this this DT 7960 1146 21 very very RB 7960 1146 22 obvious obvious JJ 7960 1146 23 method method NN 7960 1146 24 of of IN 7960 1146 25 measuring measure VBG 7960 1146 26 on on IN 7960 1146 27 the the DT 7960 1146 28 body body NN 7960 1146 29 . . . 7960 1147 1 CALCULATION CALCULATION NNP 7960 1147 2 OF of IN 7960 1147 3 TIME time NN 7960 1147 4 ; ; : 7960 1147 5 THE the DT 7960 1147 6 CALENDAR CALENDAR NNS 7960 1147 7 It -PRON- PRP 7960 1147 8 is be VBZ 7960 1147 9 interesting interesting JJ 7960 1147 10 to to TO 7960 1147 11 trace trace VB 7960 1147 12 the the DT 7960 1147 13 beginnings beginning NNS 7960 1147 14 of of IN 7960 1147 15 time time NN 7960 1147 16 reckoning reckoning NN 7960 1147 17 and and CC 7960 1147 18 of of IN 7960 1147 19 that that DT 7960 1147 20 most most RBS 7960 1147 21 important important JJ 7960 1147 22 institution institution NN 7960 1147 23 , , , 7960 1147 24 the the DT 7960 1147 25 calendar calendar NN 7960 1147 26 . . . 7960 1148 1 Most Most JJS 7960 1148 2 primitive primitive JJ 7960 1148 3 tribes tribe NNS 7960 1148 4 reckon reckon VBP 7960 1148 5 time time NN 7960 1148 6 by by IN 7960 1148 7 the the DT 7960 1148 8 lunar lunar JJ 7960 1148 9 month month NN 7960 1148 10 , , , 7960 1148 11 the the DT 7960 1148 12 interval interval NN 7960 1148 13 between between IN 7960 1148 14 two two CD 7960 1148 15 new new JJ 7960 1148 16 moons moon NNS 7960 1148 17 ( ( -LRB- 7960 1148 18 about about IN 7960 1148 19 twenty- twenty- JJ 7960 1148 20 nine nine CD 7960 1148 21 days day NNS 7960 1148 22 , , , 7960 1148 23 twelve twelve CD 7960 1148 24 hours hour NNS 7960 1148 25 ) ) -RRB- 7960 1148 26 . . . 7960 1149 1 Twelve twelve CD 7960 1149 2 lunar lunar JJ 7960 1149 3 months month NNS 7960 1149 4 give give VBP 7960 1149 5 us -PRON- PRP 7960 1149 6 the the DT 7960 1149 7 lunar lunar JJ 7960 1149 8 year year NN 7960 1149 9 of of IN 7960 1149 10 about about RB 7960 1149 11 three three CD 7960 1149 12 hundred hundred CD 7960 1149 13 and and CC 7960 1149 14 fifty fifty CD 7960 1149 15 - - HYPH 7960 1149 16 four four CD 7960 1149 17 days day NNS 7960 1149 18 . . . 7960 1150 1 In in IN 7960 1150 2 order order NN 7960 1150 3 to to TO 7960 1150 4 adapt adapt VB 7960 1150 5 such such PDT 7960 1150 6 a a DT 7960 1150 7 year year NN 7960 1150 8 to to IN 7960 1150 9 the the DT 7960 1150 10 different different JJ 7960 1150 11 seasons season NNS 7960 1150 12 , , , 7960 1150 13 the the DT 7960 1150 14 practice practice NN 7960 1150 15 arose arise VBD 7960 1150 16 of of IN 7960 1150 17 inserting insert VBG 7960 1150 18 a a DT 7960 1150 19 thirteenth thirteenth JJ 7960 1150 20 month month NN 7960 1150 21 from from IN 7960 1150 22 time time NN 7960 1150 23 to to IN 7960 1150 24 time time NN 7960 1150 25 . . . 7960 1151 1 Such such JJ 7960 1151 2 awkward awkward JJ 7960 1151 3 calendars calendar NNS 7960 1151 4 were be VBD 7960 1151 5 used use VBN 7960 1151 6 in in IN 7960 1151 7 antiquity antiquity NN 7960 1151 8 by by IN 7960 1151 9 the the DT 7960 1151 10 Babylonians Babylonians NNPS 7960 1151 11 , , , 7960 1151 12 Jews Jews NNPS 7960 1151 13 , , , 7960 1151 14 and and CC 7960 1151 15 Greeks Greeks NNPS 7960 1151 16 ; ; : 7960 1151 17 in in IN 7960 1151 18 modern modern JJ 7960 1151 19 times time NNS 7960 1151 20 by by IN 7960 1151 21 the the DT 7960 1151 22 Arabs Arabs NNPS 7960 1151 23 and and CC 7960 1151 24 Chinese Chinese NNPS 7960 1151 25 . . . 7960 1152 1 The the DT 7960 1152 2 Egyptians Egyptians NNPS 7960 1152 3 were be VBD 7960 1152 4 the the DT 7960 1152 5 only only JJ 7960 1152 6 people people NNS 7960 1152 7 in in IN 7960 1152 8 the the DT 7960 1152 9 Old Old NNP 7960 1152 10 World World NNP 7960 1152 11 to to TO 7960 1152 12 frame frame VB 7960 1152 13 a a DT 7960 1152 14 solar solar JJ 7960 1152 15 year year NN 7960 1152 16 . . . 7960 1153 1 From from IN 7960 1153 2 the the DT 7960 1153 3 Egyptians Egyptians NNPS 7960 1153 4 it -PRON- PRP 7960 1153 5 has have VBZ 7960 1153 6 come come VBN 7960 1153 7 down down RP 7960 1153 8 , , , 7960 1153 9 through through IN 7960 1153 10 the the DT 7960 1153 11 Romans Romans NNPS 7960 1153 12 , , , 7960 1153 13 to to IN 7960 1153 14 us -PRON- PRP 7960 1153 15 . . . 7960 1154 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 1154 2 13 13 CD 7960 1154 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 1154 4 [ [ -LRB- 7960 1154 5 Illustration illustration NN 7960 1154 6 : : : 7960 1154 7 STONEHENGE STONEHENGE NNP 7960 1154 8 On on IN 7960 1154 9 Salisbury Salisbury NNP 7960 1154 10 Plain Plain NNP 7960 1154 11 in in IN 7960 1154 12 the the DT 7960 1154 13 south south NN 7960 1154 14 of of IN 7960 1154 15 England England NNP 7960 1154 16 : : : 7960 1154 17 appears appear VBZ 7960 1154 18 to to IN 7960 1154 19 date date NN 7960 1154 20 from from IN 7960 1154 21 the the DT 7960 1154 22 close close NN 7960 1154 23 of of IN 7960 1154 24 the the DT 7960 1154 25 New New NNP 7960 1154 26 Stone Stone NNP 7960 1154 27 Age Age NNP 7960 1154 28 or or CC 7960 1154 29 the the DT 7960 1154 30 beginning beginning NN 7960 1154 31 of of IN 7960 1154 32 the the DT 7960 1154 33 Bronze Bronze NNP 7960 1154 34 Age Age NNP 7960 1154 35 . . . 7960 1155 1 The the DT 7960 1155 2 outer outer JJ 7960 1155 3 circle circle NN 7960 1155 4 measures measure VBZ 7960 1155 5 300 300 CD 7960 1155 6 feet foot NNS 7960 1155 7 in in IN 7960 1155 8 circumference circumference NN 7960 1155 9 ; ; : 7960 1155 10 the the DT 7960 1155 11 inner inner JJ 7960 1155 12 circle circle NN 7960 1155 13 , , , 7960 1155 14 106 106 CD 7960 1155 15 feet foot NNS 7960 1155 16 . . . 7960 1156 1 The the DT 7960 1156 2 tallest tall JJS 7960 1156 3 stones stone NNS 7960 1156 4 reach reach VBP 7960 1156 5 25 25 CD 7960 1156 6 feet foot NNS 7960 1156 7 in in IN 7960 1156 8 height height NN 7960 1156 9 . . . 7960 1157 1 This this DT 7960 1157 2 monument monument NN 7960 1157 3 was be VBD 7960 1157 4 probably probably RB 7960 1157 5 a a DT 7960 1157 6 tomb tomb NN 7960 1157 7 , , , 7960 1157 8 or or CC 7960 1157 9 group group NN 7960 1157 10 of of IN 7960 1157 11 tombs tomb NNS 7960 1157 12 , , , 7960 1157 13 of of IN 7960 1157 14 prehistoric prehistoric JJ 7960 1157 15 chieftains chieftain NNS 7960 1157 16 . . . 7960 1157 17 ] ] -RRB- 7960 1158 1 EARLY early JJ 7960 1158 2 DRAWING drawing NN 7960 1158 3 AND and CC 7960 1158 4 PAINTING paint VBG 7960 1158 5 The the DT 7960 1158 6 study study NN 7960 1158 7 of of IN 7960 1158 8 prehistoric prehistoric JJ 7960 1158 9 art art NN 7960 1158 10 takes take VBZ 7960 1158 11 us -PRON- PRP 7960 1158 12 back back RB 7960 1158 13 to to IN 7960 1158 14 the the DT 7960 1158 15 early early JJ 7960 1158 16 Stone Stone NNP 7960 1158 17 Age Age NNP 7960 1158 18 . . . 7960 1159 1 The the DT 7960 1159 2 men man NNS 7960 1159 3 of of IN 7960 1159 4 that that DT 7960 1159 5 age age NN 7960 1159 6 in in IN 7960 1159 7 western western JJ 7960 1159 8 Europe Europe NNP 7960 1159 9 lived live VBD 7960 1159 10 among among IN 7960 1159 11 animals animal NNS 7960 1159 12 such such JJ 7960 1159 13 as as IN 7960 1159 14 the the DT 7960 1159 15 mammoth mammoth JJ 7960 1159 16 , , , 7960 1159 17 cave cave NN 7960 1159 18 bear bear NN 7960 1159 19 , , , 7960 1159 20 and and CC 7960 1159 21 woolly woolly JJ 7960 1159 22 - - HYPH 7960 1159 23 haired haired JJ 7960 1159 24 rhinoceros rhinocero NNS 7960 1159 25 , , , 7960 1159 26 which which WDT 7960 1159 27 have have VBP 7960 1159 28 since since IN 7960 1159 29 disappeared disappear VBN 7960 1159 30 , , , 7960 1159 31 and and CC 7960 1159 32 among among IN 7960 1159 33 many many JJ 7960 1159 34 others other NNS 7960 1159 35 , , , 7960 1159 36 such such JJ 7960 1159 37 as as IN 7960 1159 38 the the DT 7960 1159 39 lion lion NN 7960 1159 40 and and CC 7960 1159 41 hippopotamus hippopotamus NN 7960 1159 42 , , , 7960 1159 43 which which WDT 7960 1159 44 now now RB 7960 1159 45 exist exist VBP 7960 1159 46 only only RB 7960 1159 47 in in IN 7960 1159 48 warmer warm JJR 7960 1159 49 climates climate NNS 7960 1159 50 . . . 7960 1160 1 Armed armed JJ 7960 1160 2 with with IN 7960 1160 3 clubs club NNS 7960 1160 4 , , , 7960 1160 5 flint flint NN 7960 1160 6 axes axis NNS 7960 1160 7 , , , 7960 1160 8 and and CC 7960 1160 9 horn horn NN 7960 1160 10 daggers dagger NNS 7960 1160 11 , , , 7960 1160 12 primitive primitive JJ 7960 1160 13 hunters hunter NNS 7960 1160 14 killed kill VBD 7960 1160 15 these these DT 7960 1160 16 fierce fierce JJ 7960 1160 17 beasts beast NNS 7960 1160 18 and and CC 7960 1160 19 on on IN 7960 1160 20 fragments fragment NNS 7960 1160 21 of of IN 7960 1160 22 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 1160 23 bones bone NNS 7960 1160 24 , , , 7960 1160 25 or or CC 7960 1160 26 on on IN 7960 1160 27 cavern cavern JJ 7960 1160 28 walls wall NNS 7960 1160 29 , , , 7960 1160 30 drew draw VBD 7960 1160 31 pictures picture NNS 7960 1160 32 of of IN 7960 1160 33 them -PRON- PRP 7960 1160 34 . . . 7960 1161 1 Some some DT 7960 1161 2 of of IN 7960 1161 3 these these DT 7960 1161 4 earliest early JJS 7960 1161 5 works work NNS 7960 1161 6 of of IN 7960 1161 7 art art NN 7960 1161 8 are be VBP 7960 1161 9 remarkably remarkably RB 7960 1161 10 lifelike lifelike JJ 7960 1161 11 . . . 7960 1162 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 1162 2 Illustration illustration NN 7960 1162 3 : : : 7960 1162 4 HEAD HEAD NNP 7960 1162 5 OF of IN 7960 1162 6 A a DT 7960 1162 7 GIRL GIRL NNP 7960 1162 8 ( ( -LRB- 7960 1162 9 Musée Musée NNP 7960 1162 10 S. S. NNP 7960 1162 11 Germain Germain NNP 7960 1162 12 , , , 7960 1162 13 Paris Paris NNP 7960 1162 14 ) ) -RRB- 7960 1162 15 A a DT 7960 1162 16 small small JJ 7960 1162 17 head head NN 7960 1162 18 of of IN 7960 1162 19 a a DT 7960 1162 20 young young JJ 7960 1162 21 girl girl NN 7960 1162 22 carved carve VBN 7960 1162 23 from from IN 7960 1162 24 mammoth mammoth JJ 7960 1162 25 ivory ivory NN 7960 1162 26 . . . 7960 1163 1 Found find VBN 7960 1163 2 at at IN 7960 1163 3 Brassempouy Brassempouy NNP 7960 1163 4 , , , 7960 1163 5 France France NNP 7960 1163 6 , , , 7960 1163 7 in in IN 7960 1163 8 cave cave NN 7960 1163 9 deposits deposit NNS 7960 1163 10 belonging belong VBG 7960 1163 11 to to IN 7960 1163 12 the the DT 7960 1163 13 early early JJ 7960 1163 14 Stone Stone NNP 7960 1163 15 Age Age NNP 7960 1163 16 . . . 7960 1164 1 The the DT 7960 1164 2 hair hair NN 7960 1164 3 is be VBZ 7960 1164 4 arranged arrange VBN 7960 1164 5 somewhat somewhat RB 7960 1164 6 after after IN 7960 1164 7 the the DT 7960 1164 8 early early JJ 7960 1164 9 Egyptian egyptian JJ 7960 1164 10 fashion fashion NN 7960 1164 11 . . . 7960 1165 1 Of of IN 7960 1165 2 the the DT 7960 1165 3 features feature NNS 7960 1165 4 the the DT 7960 1165 5 mouth mouth NN 7960 1165 6 alone alone RB 7960 1165 7 is be VBZ 7960 1165 8 wanting want VBG 7960 1165 9 . . . 7960 1165 10 ] ] -RRB- 7960 1166 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 1166 2 Illustration illustration NN 7960 1166 3 : : : 7960 1166 4 PREHISTORIC PREHISTORIC NNP 7960 1166 5 ART art NN 7960 1166 6 SKETCH SKETCH NNP 7960 1166 7 OF of IN 7960 1166 8 MAMMOTH MAMMOTH NNP 7960 1166 9 ON on IN 7960 1166 10 A a DT 7960 1166 11 TUSK TUSK NNS 7960 1166 12 FOUND find VBD 7960 1166 13 IN in IN 7960 1166 14 A a DT 7960 1166 15 CAVE CAVE NNP 7960 1166 16 IN in IN 7960 1166 17 FRANCE FRANCE NNP 7960 1166 18 CAVE cave JJ 7960 1166 19 BEAR bear NN 7960 1166 20 DRAWN DRAWN NNS 7960 1166 21 ON on IN 7960 1166 22 A a DT 7960 1166 23 PEBBLE pebble NN 7960 1166 24 BISON bison NN 7960 1166 25 PAINTED paint VBD 7960 1166 26 ON on IN 7960 1166 27 THE the DT 7960 1166 28 WALL WALL NNP 7960 1166 29 OF of IN 7960 1166 30 A a DT 7960 1166 31 CAVE cave JJ 7960 1166 32 WILD wild NN 7960 1166 33 HORSE HORSE NNS 7960 1166 34 ON on IN 7960 1166 35 THE the DT 7960 1166 36 WALL WALL NNP 7960 1166 37 OF of IN 7960 1166 38 A a DT 7960 1166 39 CAVE CAVE NNP 7960 1166 40 IN in IN 7960 1166 41 SPAIN SPAIN NNP 7960 1166 42 . . . 7960 1167 1 Later later RBR 7960 1167 2 he -PRON- PRP 7960 1167 3 pictured picture VBD 7960 1167 4 an an DT 7960 1167 5 aurochs aurochs NN 7960 1167 6 -- -- : 7960 1167 7 later later RB 7960 1167 8 he -PRON- PRP 7960 1167 9 pictured picture VBD 7960 1167 10 a a DT 7960 1167 11 bear-- bear-- NNP 7960 1167 12 Pictured picture VBN 7960 1167 13 the the DT 7960 1167 14 sabre sabre NNP 7960 1167 15 toothed toothed JJ 7960 1167 16 tiger tiger NNP 7960 1167 17 dragging drag VBG 7960 1167 18 a a DT 7960 1167 19 man man NN 7960 1167 20 to to IN 7960 1167 21 his -PRON- 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1168 12 the the DT 7960 1168 13 beginnings beginning NNS 7960 1168 14 of of IN 7960 1168 15 architecture architecture NN 7960 1168 16 . . . 7960 1169 1 Men man NNS 7960 1169 2 had have VBD 7960 1169 3 begun begin VBN 7960 1169 4 to to TO 7960 1169 5 raise raise VB 7960 1169 6 huge huge JJ 7960 1169 7 dolmens dolmen NNS 7960 1169 8 which which WDT 7960 1169 9 are be VBP 7960 1169 10 found find VBN 7960 1169 11 in in IN 7960 1169 12 various various JJ 7960 1169 13 parts part NNS 7960 1169 14 of of IN 7960 1169 15 the the DT 7960 1169 16 Old Old NNP 7960 1169 17 World World NNP 7960 1169 18 from from IN 7960 1169 19 England England NNP 7960 1169 20 to to IN 7960 1169 21 India India NNP 7960 1169 22 . . . 7960 1170 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 1170 2 also also RB 7960 1170 3 erected erect VBD 7960 1170 4 enormous enormous JJ 7960 1170 5 stone stone NN 7960 1170 6 pillars pillar NNS 7960 1170 7 , , , 7960 1170 8 known know VBN 7960 1170 9 as as IN 7960 1170 10 menhirs menhir NNS 7960 1170 11 . . . 7960 1171 1 Carved carve VBN 7960 1171 2 in in IN 7960 1171 3 the the DT 7960 1171 4 semblance semblance NN 7960 1171 5 of of IN 7960 1171 6 a a DT 7960 1171 7 human human JJ 7960 1171 8 face face NN 7960 1171 9 and and CC 7960 1171 10 figure figure NN 7960 1171 11 , , , 7960 1171 12 the the DT 7960 1171 13 menhir menhir NN 7960 1171 14 became become VBD 7960 1171 15 a a DT 7960 1171 16 statue statue NN 7960 1171 17 , , , 7960 1171 18 perhaps perhaps RB 7960 1171 19 the the DT 7960 1171 20 first first JJ 7960 1171 21 ever ever RB 7960 1171 22 made make VBN 7960 1171 23 . . . 7960 1172 1 As as IN 7960 1172 2 we -PRON- PRP 7960 1172 3 approach approach VBP 7960 1172 4 historic historic JJ 7960 1172 5 times time NNS 7960 1172 6 , , , 7960 1172 7 we -PRON- PRP 7960 1172 8 note note VBP 7960 1172 9 a a DT 7960 1172 10 steady steady JJ 7960 1172 11 improvement improvement NN 7960 1172 12 in in IN 7960 1172 13 the the DT 7960 1172 14 various various JJ 7960 1172 15 forms form NNS 7960 1172 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NNP 7960 1219 5 ? ? . 7960 1220 1 4 4 LS 7960 1220 2 . . . 7960 1221 1 Look look VB 7960 1221 2 up up RP 7960 1221 3 the the DT 7960 1221 4 derivation derivation NN 7960 1221 5 of of IN 7960 1221 6 the the DT 7960 1221 7 words word NNS 7960 1221 8 " " `` 7960 1221 9 paper paper NN 7960 1221 10 " " '' 7960 1221 11 and and CC 7960 1221 12 " " `` 7960 1221 13 Bible Bible NNP 7960 1221 14 . . . 7960 1221 15 " " '' 7960 1222 1 5 5 CD 7960 1222 2 . . . 7960 1223 1 Distinguish distinguish JJ 7960 1223 2 between between IN 7960 1223 3 the the DT 7960 1223 4 three three CD 7960 1223 5 stages stage NNS 7960 1223 6 of of IN 7960 1223 7 savagery savagery NN 7960 1223 8 , , , 7960 1223 9 barbarism barbarism NN 7960 1223 10 , , , 7960 1223 11 and and CC 7960 1223 12 civilization civilization NN 7960 1223 13 , , , 7960 1223 14 and and CC 7960 1223 15 give give VB 7960 1223 16 examples example NNS 7960 1223 17 of of IN 7960 1223 18 existing existing JJ 7960 1223 19 peoples people NNS 7960 1223 20 in in IN 7960 1223 21 each each DT 7960 1223 22 stage stage NN 7960 1223 23 . . . 7960 1224 1 6 6 CD 7960 1224 2 . . . 7960 1225 1 Can Can MD 7960 1225 2 you -PRON- PRP 7960 1225 3 name name VB 7960 1225 4 any any DT 7960 1225 5 savages savage NNS 7960 1225 6 still still RB 7960 1225 7 living live VBG 7960 1225 8 in in IN 7960 1225 9 the the DT 7960 1225 10 Stone Stone NNP 7960 1225 11 Age Age NNP 7960 1225 12 ? ? . 7960 1226 1 7 7 LS 7960 1226 2 . . . 7960 1227 1 What what WDT 7960 1227 2 stone stone NN 7960 1227 3 implements implement NNS 7960 1227 4 have have VBP 7960 1227 5 you -PRON- PRP 7960 1227 6 ever ever RB 7960 1227 7 seen see VBN 7960 1227 8 ? ? . 7960 1228 1 Who who WP 7960 1228 2 made make VBD 7960 1228 3 them -PRON- PRP 7960 1228 4 ? ? . 7960 1229 1 Where where WRB 7960 1229 2 were be VBD 7960 1229 3 they -PRON- PRP 7960 1229 4 ? ? . 7960 1230 1 8 8 LS 7960 1230 2 . . . 7960 1231 1 Why why WRB 7960 1231 2 should should MD 7960 1231 3 the the DT 7960 1231 4 discovery discovery NN 7960 1231 5 of of IN 7960 1231 6 fire fire NN 7960 1231 7 be be VB 7960 1231 8 regarded regard VBN 7960 1231 9 as as IN 7960 1231 10 of of IN 7960 1231 11 more more JJR 7960 1231 12 significance significance NN 7960 1231 13 than than IN 7960 1231 14 the the DT 7960 1231 15 discovery discovery NN 7960 1231 16 of of IN 7960 1231 17 steam steam NN 7960 1231 18 ? ? . 7960 1232 1 9 9 CD 7960 1232 2 . . . 7960 1233 1 Why why WRB 7960 1233 2 has have VBZ 7960 1233 3 the the DT 7960 1233 4 invention invention NN 7960 1233 5 of of IN 7960 1233 6 the the DT 7960 1233 7 bow bow VB 7960 1233 8 - - HYPH 7960 1233 9 and and CC 7960 1233 10 - - HYPH 7960 1233 11 arrow arrow NN 7960 1233 12 been be VBN 7960 1233 13 of of IN 7960 1233 14 greater great JJR 7960 1233 15 importance importance NN 7960 1233 16 than than IN 7960 1233 17 the the DT 7960 1233 18 invention invention NN 7960 1233 19 of of IN 7960 1233 20 gunpowder gunpowder NN 7960 1233 21 ? ? . 7960 1234 1 10 10 CD 7960 1234 2 . . . 7960 1235 1 How how WRB 7960 1235 2 does do VBZ 7960 1235 3 the the DT 7960 1235 4 presence presence NN 7960 1235 5 of of IN 7960 1235 6 few few JJ 7960 1235 7 tameable tameable NN 7960 1235 8 animals animal NNS 7960 1235 9 in in IN 7960 1235 10 the the DT 7960 1235 11 New New NNP 7960 1235 12 World World NNP 7960 1235 13 help help NN 7960 1235 14 to to TO 7960 1235 15 account account VB 7960 1235 16 for for IN 7960 1235 17 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 1235 18 tardier tardy JJR 7960 1235 19 development development NN 7960 1235 20 as as IN 7960 1235 21 compared compare VBN 7960 1235 22 with with IN 7960 1235 23 the the DT 7960 1235 24 Old Old NNP 7960 1235 25 World World NNP 7960 1235 26 ? ? . 7960 1236 1 11 11 CD 7960 1236 2 . . . 7960 1237 1 What what WDT 7960 1237 2 examples example NNS 7960 1237 3 of of IN 7960 1237 4 pastoral pastoral JJ 7960 1237 5 and and CC 7960 1237 6 agricultural agricultural JJ 7960 1237 7 life life NN 7960 1237 8 among among IN 7960 1237 9 the the DT 7960 1237 10 North North NNP 7960 1237 11 American American NNP 7960 1237 12 Indians Indians NNPS 7960 1237 13 are be VBP 7960 1237 14 familiar familiar JJ 7960 1237 15 to to IN 7960 1237 16 you -PRON- PRP 7960 1237 17 ? ? . 7960 1238 1 12 12 CD 7960 1238 2 . . . 7960 1239 1 Give give VB 7960 1239 2 examples example NNS 7960 1239 3 of of IN 7960 1239 4 peoples people NNS 7960 1239 5 widely widely RB 7960 1239 6 different different JJ 7960 1239 7 in in IN 7960 1239 8 blood blood NN 7960 1239 9 who who WP 7960 1239 10 nevertheless nevertheless RB 7960 1239 11 speak speak VBP 7960 1239 12 the the DT 7960 1239 13 same same JJ 7960 1239 14 language language NN 7960 1239 15 . . . 7960 1240 1 13 13 CD 7960 1240 2 . . . 7960 1241 1 In in IN 7960 1241 2 the the DT 7960 1241 3 classification classification NN 7960 1241 4 of of IN 7960 1241 5 mankind mankind NN 7960 1241 6 , , , 7960 1241 7 where where WRB 7960 1241 8 do do VBP 7960 1241 9 the the DT 7960 1241 10 Arabs Arabs NNPS 7960 1241 11 belong belong VB 7960 1241 12 ? ? . 7960 1242 1 the the DT 7960 1242 2 Persians Persians NNPS 7960 1242 3 ? ? . 7960 1243 1 the the DT 7960 1243 2 Germans Germans NNPS 7960 1243 3 ? ? . 7960 1244 1 the the DT 7960 1244 2 inhabitants inhabitant NNS 7960 1244 3 of of IN 7960 1244 4 the the DT 7960 1244 5 United United NNP 7960 1244 6 States States NNP 7960 1244 7 ? ? . 7960 1245 1 14 14 CD 7960 1245 2 . . . 7960 1246 1 Enumerate enumerate VB 7960 1246 2 the the DT 7960 1246 3 most most RBS 7960 1246 4 important important JJ 7960 1246 5 contributions contribution NNS 7960 1246 6 to to IN 7960 1246 7 civilization civilization NN 7960 1246 8 made make VBN 7960 1246 9 in in IN 7960 1246 10 prehistoric prehistoric JJ 7960 1246 11 times time NNS 7960 1246 12 . . . 7960 1247 1 FOOTNOTES footnote NNS 7960 1247 2 [ [ -LRB- 7960 1247 3 1 1 CD 7960 1247 4 ] ] -RRB- 7960 1247 5 There there EX 7960 1247 6 are be VBP 7960 1247 7 still still RB 7960 1247 8 some some DT 7960 1247 9 savage savage NN 7960 1247 10 peoples people NNS 7960 1247 11 , , , 7960 1247 12 for for IN 7960 1247 13 instance instance NN 7960 1247 14 , , , 7960 1247 15 the the DT 7960 1247 16 Australians Australians NNPS 7960 1247 17 , , , 7960 1247 18 who who WP 7960 1247 19 continue continue VBP 7960 1247 20 to to TO 7960 1247 21 make make VB 7960 1247 22 stone stone NN 7960 1247 23 implements implement NNS 7960 1247 24 very very RB 7960 1247 25 similar similar JJ 7960 1247 26 to to IN 7960 1247 27 those those DT 7960 1247 28 of of IN 7960 1247 29 prehistoric prehistoric JJ 7960 1247 30 men man NNS 7960 1247 31 . . . 7960 1248 1 Other other JJ 7960 1248 2 primitive primitive JJ 7960 1248 3 peoples people NNS 7960 1248 4 , , , 7960 1248 5 such such JJ 7960 1248 6 as as IN 7960 1248 7 the the DT 7960 1248 8 natives native NNS 7960 1248 9 of of IN 7960 1248 10 the the DT 7960 1248 11 Pacific Pacific NNP 7960 1248 12 islands island NNS 7960 1248 13 , , , 7960 1248 14 passed pass VBD 7960 1248 15 directly directly RB 7960 1248 16 from from IN 7960 1248 17 the the DT 7960 1248 18 use use NN 7960 1248 19 of of IN 7960 1248 20 stone stone NN 7960 1248 21 to to IN 7960 1248 22 that that DT 7960 1248 23 of of IN 7960 1248 24 iron iron NN 7960 1248 25 , , , 7960 1248 26 after after IN 7960 1248 27 this this DT 7960 1248 28 part part NN 7960 1248 29 of of IN 7960 1248 30 the the DT 7960 1248 31 world world NN 7960 1248 32 was be VBD 7960 1248 33 opened open VBN 7960 1248 34 up up RP 7960 1248 35 to to IN 7960 1248 36 European european JJ 7960 1248 37 trade trade NN 7960 1248 38 in in IN 7960 1248 39 the the DT 7960 1248 40 nineteenth nineteenth JJ 7960 1248 41 century century NN 7960 1248 42 . . . 7960 1249 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 1249 2 2 2 LS 7960 1249 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 1249 4 Iron Iron NNP 7960 1249 5 was be VBD 7960 1249 6 unknown unknown JJ 7960 1249 7 to to IN 7960 1249 8 the the DT 7960 1249 9 inhabitants inhabitant NNS 7960 1249 10 of of IN 7960 1249 11 North North NNP 7960 1249 12 America America NNP 7960 1249 13 and and CC 7960 1249 14 South South NNP 7960 1249 15 America America NNP 7960 1249 16 before before IN 7960 1249 17 the the DT 7960 1249 18 coming coming NN 7960 1249 19 of of IN 7960 1249 20 the the DT 7960 1249 21 Europeans Europeans NNPS 7960 1249 22 . . . 7960 1250 1 The the DT 7960 1250 2 natives native NNS 7960 1250 3 used use VBD 7960 1250 4 many many JJ 7960 1250 5 stone stone NN 7960 1250 6 implements implement NNS 7960 1250 7 , , , 7960 1250 8 besides besides IN 7960 1250 9 those those DT 7960 1250 10 of of IN 7960 1250 11 copper copper NN 7960 1250 12 and and CC 7960 1250 13 bronze bronze NN 7960 1250 14 . . . 7960 1251 1 The the DT 7960 1251 2 Indians Indians NNPS 7960 1251 3 got get VBD 7960 1251 4 most most JJS 7960 1251 5 of of IN 7960 1251 6 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 1251 7 copper copper NN 7960 1251 8 from from IN 7960 1251 9 the the DT 7960 1251 10 mines mine NNS 7960 1251 11 in in IN 7960 1251 12 the the DT 7960 1251 13 Lake Lake NNP 7960 1251 14 Superior Superior NNP 7960 1251 15 region region NN 7960 1251 16 , , , 7960 1251 17 whence whence NN 7960 1251 18 it -PRON- PRP 7960 1251 19 was be VBD 7960 1251 20 carried carry VBN 7960 1251 21 far far RB 7960 1251 22 and and CC 7960 1251 23 wide wide RB 7960 1251 24 . . . 7960 1252 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 1252 2 3 3 LS 7960 1252 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 1252 4 See see VB 7960 1252 5 the the DT 7960 1252 6 illustration illustration NN 7960 1252 7 , , , 7960 1252 8 page page NN 7960 1252 9 45 45 CD 7960 1252 10 . . . 7960 1253 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 1253 2 4 4 LS 7960 1253 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 1253 4 See see VB 7960 1253 5 the the DT 7960 1253 6 illustration illustration NN 7960 1253 7 , , , 7960 1253 8 page page NN 7960 1253 9 14 14 CD 7960 1253 10 . . . 7960 1254 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 1254 2 5 5 CD 7960 1254 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 1254 4 In in IN 7960 1254 5 the the DT 7960 1254 6 New New NNP 7960 1254 7 World World NNP 7960 1254 8 , , , 7960 1254 9 the the DT 7960 1254 10 only only JJ 7960 1254 11 important important JJ 7960 1254 12 domestic domestic JJ 7960 1254 13 animal animal NN 7960 1254 14 was be VBD 7960 1254 15 the the DT 7960 1254 16 llama llama NN 7960 1254 17 of of IN 7960 1254 18 the the DT 7960 1254 19 Andes Andes NNP 7960 1254 20 . . . 7960 1255 1 The the DT 7960 1255 2 natives native NNS 7960 1255 3 used use VBD 7960 1255 4 it -PRON- PRP 7960 1255 5 as as IN 7960 1255 6 a a DT 7960 1255 7 beast beast NN 7960 1255 8 of of IN 7960 1255 9 burden burden NN 7960 1255 10 , , , 7960 1255 11 ate eat VBD 7960 1255 12 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 1255 13 flesh flesh NN 7960 1255 14 , , , 7960 1255 15 and and CC 7960 1255 16 clothed clothe VBD 7960 1255 17 themselves -PRON- PRP 7960 1255 18 with with IN 7960 1255 19 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 1255 20 wool wool NN 7960 1255 21 . . . 7960 1256 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 1256 2 6 6 CD 7960 1256 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 1256 4 The the DT 7960 1256 5 plants plant NNS 7960 1256 6 domesticated domesticate VBN 7960 1256 7 in in IN 7960 1256 8 the the DT 7960 1256 9 New New NNP 7960 1256 10 World World NNP 7960 1256 11 were be VBD 7960 1256 12 not not RB 7960 1256 13 numerous numerous JJ 7960 1256 14 . . . 7960 1257 1 The the DT 7960 1257 2 most most RBS 7960 1257 3 important important JJ 7960 1257 4 were be VBD 7960 1257 5 the the DT 7960 1257 6 potato potato NN 7960 1257 7 of of IN 7960 1257 8 Peru Peru NNP 7960 1257 9 and and CC 7960 1257 10 Ecuador Ecuador NNP 7960 1257 11 , , , 7960 1257 12 Indian indian JJ 7960 1257 13 corn corn NN 7960 1257 14 or or CC 7960 1257 15 maize maize NN 7960 1257 16 , , , 7960 1257 17 tobacco tobacco NN 7960 1257 18 , , , 7960 1257 19 the the DT 7960 1257 20 tomato tomato NNP 7960 1257 21 , , , 7960 1257 22 and and CC 7960 1257 23 manioc manioc NNP 7960 1257 24 . . . 7960 1258 1 From from IN 7960 1258 2 the the DT 7960 1258 3 roots root NNS 7960 1258 4 of of IN 7960 1258 5 the the DT 7960 1258 6 latter latter JJ 7960 1258 7 , , , 7960 1258 8 the the DT 7960 1258 9 starch starch NN 7960 1258 10 called call VBN 7960 1258 11 tapioca tapioca NN 7960 1258 12 is be VBZ 7960 1258 13 derived derive VBN 7960 1258 14 . . . 7960 1259 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 1259 2 7 7 LS 7960 1259 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 1259 4 See see VB 7960 1259 5 page page NN 7960 1259 6 2 2 CD 7960 1259 7 . . . 7960 1260 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 1260 2 8 8 LS 7960 1260 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 1260 4 See see VB 7960 1260 5 the the DT 7960 1260 6 illustration illustration NN 7960 1260 7 , , , 7960 1260 8 page page NN 7960 1260 9 14 14 CD 7960 1260 10 . . . 7960 1261 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 1261 2 9 9 CD 7960 1261 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 1261 4 Latin latin JJ 7960 1261 5 cuneus cuneus NN 7960 1261 6 , , , 7960 1261 7 " " '' 7960 1261 8 a a DT 7960 1261 9 wedge wedge NN 7960 1261 10 " " '' 7960 1261 11 . . . 7960 1262 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 1262 2 10 10 CD 7960 1262 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 1262 4 See see VB 7960 1262 5 page page NN 7960 1262 6 71 71 CD 7960 1262 7 . . . 7960 1263 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 1263 2 11 11 CD 7960 1263 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 1263 4 From from IN 7960 1263 5 the the DT 7960 1263 6 Greek greek JJ 7960 1263 7 words word NNS 7960 1263 8 hieros hiero NNS 7960 1263 9 , , , 7960 1263 10 " " `` 7960 1263 11 holy holy JJ 7960 1263 12 , , , 7960 1263 13 " " '' 7960 1263 14 and and CC 7960 1263 15 glyphein glyphein NNP 7960 1263 16 , , , 7960 1263 17 " " '' 7960 1263 18 to to TO 7960 1263 19 carve carve VB 7960 1263 20 " " `` 7960 1263 21 The the DT 7960 1263 22 Egyptians Egyptians NNPS 7960 1263 23 regarded regard VBD 7960 1263 24 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 1263 25 signs sign NNS 7960 1263 26 as as IN 7960 1263 27 sacred sacred JJ 7960 1263 28 . . . 7960 1264 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 1264 2 12 12 CD 7960 1264 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 1264 4 Our -PRON- PRP$ 7960 1264 5 word word NN 7960 1264 6 " " `` 7960 1264 7 alphabet alphabet NN 7960 1264 8 " " '' 7960 1264 9 comes come VBZ 7960 1264 10 from from IN 7960 1264 11 the the DT 7960 1264 12 names name NNS 7960 1264 13 of of IN 7960 1264 14 the the DT 7960 1264 15 first first JJ 7960 1264 16 two two CD 7960 1264 17 letters letter NNS 7960 1264 18 of of IN 7960 1264 19 the the DT 7960 1264 20 Greek greek JJ 7960 1264 21 alphabet alphabet NN 7960 1264 22 , , , 7960 1264 23 _ _ NNP 7960 1264 24 alpha alpha NN 7960 1264 25 _ _ NNP 7960 1264 26 ( ( -LRB- 7960 1264 27 a a NN 7960 1264 28 ) ) -RRB- 7960 1264 29 and and CC 7960 1264 30 _ _ NNP 7960 1264 31 beta beta NN 7960 1264 32 _ _ NNP 7960 1264 33 ( ( -LRB- 7960 1264 34 b b NNP 7960 1264 35 ) ) -RRB- 7960 1264 36 . . . 7960 1265 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 1265 2 13 13 CD 7960 1265 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 1265 4 See see VB 7960 1265 5 page page NN 7960 1265 6 186 186 CD 7960 1265 7 and and CC 7960 1265 8 note note VBP 7960 1265 9 2 2 CD 7960 1265 10 . . . 7960 1266 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 1266 2 14 14 CD 7960 1266 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 1266 4 The The NNP 7960 1266 5 Old Old NNP 7960 1266 6 Testament Testament NNP 7960 1266 7 ( ( -LRB- 7960 1266 8 _ _ NNP 7960 1266 9 Genesis Genesis NNP 7960 1266 10 _ _ NNP 7960 1266 11 , , , 7960 1266 12 x x SYM 7960 1266 13 21 21 CD 7960 1266 14 - - SYM 7960 1266 15 22 22 CD 7960 1266 16 ) ) -RRB- 7960 1266 17 represents represent VBZ 7960 1266 18 Shem Shem NNP 7960 1266 19 ( ( -LRB- 7960 1266 20 or or CC 7960 1266 21 Sem Sem NNP 7960 1266 22 ) ) -RRB- 7960 1266 23 , , , 7960 1266 24 son son NN 7960 1266 25 of of IN 7960 1266 26 Noah Noah NNP 7960 1266 27 , , , 7960 1266 28 as as IN 7960 1266 29 the the DT 7960 1266 30 ancestor ancestor NN 7960 1266 31 of of IN 7960 1266 32 the the DT 7960 1266 33 Semitic semitic JJ 7960 1266 34 peoples people NNS 7960 1266 35 . . . 7960 1267 1 The the DT 7960 1267 2 title title NN 7960 1267 3 " " `` 7960 1267 4 Indo- indo- JJ 7960 1267 5 Europeans Europeans NNPS 7960 1267 6 " " '' 7960 1267 7 tells tell VBZ 7960 1267 8 us -PRON- PRP 7960 1267 9 that that IN 7960 1267 10 the the DT 7960 1267 11 members member NNS 7960 1267 12 of of IN 7960 1267 13 that that DT 7960 1267 14 group group NN 7960 1267 15 now now RB 7960 1267 16 dwell dwell VBP 7960 1267 17 in in IN 7960 1267 18 India India NNP 7960 1267 19 and and CC 7960 1267 20 in in IN 7960 1267 21 Europe Europe NNP 7960 1267 22 . . . 7960 1268 1 Indo indo JJ 7960 1268 2 - - HYPH 7960 1268 3 European european JJ 7960 1268 4 peoples people NNS 7960 1268 5 are be VBP 7960 1268 6 popularly popularly RB 7960 1268 7 called call VBN 7960 1268 8 " " `` 7960 1268 9 Aryans Aryans NNPS 7960 1268 10 , , , 7960 1268 11 " " '' 7960 1268 12 from from IN 7960 1268 13 a a DT 7960 1268 14 word word NN 7960 1268 15 in in IN 7960 1268 16 Sanskrit Sanskrit NNP 7960 1268 17 ( ( -LRB- 7960 1268 18 the the DT 7960 1268 19 old old JJ 7960 1268 20 Hindu hindu JJ 7960 1268 21 language language NN 7960 1268 22 ) ) -RRB- 7960 1268 23 meaning mean VBG 7960 1268 24 " " `` 7960 1268 25 noble noble JJ 7960 1268 26 . . . 7960 1268 27 " " '' 7960 1269 1 CHAPTER CHAPTER NNP 7960 1269 2 II II NNP 7960 1269 3 THE the DT 7960 1269 4 LANDS land NNS 7960 1269 5 AND and CC 7960 1269 6 PEOPLES PEOPLES NNP 7960 1269 7 OF of IN 7960 1269 8 THE the DT 7960 1269 9 EAST EAST NNP 7960 1269 10 TO to IN 7960 1269 11 ABOUT about RB 7960 1269 12 600 600 CD 7960 1269 13 B.C. B.C. NNS 7960 1270 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 1270 2 1 1 CD 7960 1270 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 1270 4 7 7 CD 7960 1270 5 . . . 7960 1271 1 PHYSICAL PHYSICAL NNP 7960 1271 2 ASIA ASIA NNP 7960 1271 3 GRAND GRAND NNP 7960 1271 4 DIVISIONS divisions NN 7960 1271 5 OF of IN 7960 1271 6 ASIA ASIA NNP 7960 1271 7 Ancient ancient JJ 7960 1271 8 history history NN 7960 1271 9 begins begin VBZ 7960 1271 10 in in IN 7960 1271 11 the the DT 7960 1271 12 East East NNP 7960 1271 13 -- -- : 7960 1271 14 in in IN 7960 1271 15 Asia Asia NNP 7960 1271 16 and and CC 7960 1271 17 in in IN 7960 1271 18 that that DT 7960 1271 19 part part NN 7960 1271 20 of of IN 7960 1271 21 Africa Africa NNP 7960 1271 22 called call VBD 7960 1271 23 Egypt Egypt NNP 7960 1271 24 , , , 7960 1271 25 which which WDT 7960 1271 26 the the DT 7960 1271 27 peoples people NNS 7960 1271 28 of of IN 7960 1271 29 antiquity antiquity NN 7960 1271 30 always always RB 7960 1271 31 regarded regard VBN 7960 1271 32 as as IN 7960 1271 33 belonging belong VBG 7960 1271 34 to to IN 7960 1271 35 Asia Asia NNP 7960 1271 36 . . . 7960 1272 1 If if IN 7960 1272 2 we -PRON- PRP 7960 1272 3 look look VBP 7960 1272 4 at at IN 7960 1272 5 a a DT 7960 1272 6 physical physical JJ 7960 1272 7 map map NN 7960 1272 8 of of IN 7960 1272 9 Asia Asia NNP 7960 1272 10 , , , 7960 1272 11 we -PRON- PRP 7960 1272 12 see see VBP 7960 1272 13 at at IN 7960 1272 14 once once RB 7960 1272 15 that that IN 7960 1272 16 it -PRON- PRP 7960 1272 17 consists consist VBZ 7960 1272 18 of of IN 7960 1272 19 two two CD 7960 1272 20 very very RB 7960 1272 21 unequal unequal JJ 7960 1272 22 divisions division NNS 7960 1272 23 separated separate VBN 7960 1272 24 by by IN 7960 1272 25 an an DT 7960 1272 26 almost almost RB 7960 1272 27 continuous continuous JJ 7960 1272 28 mass mass NN 7960 1272 29 of of IN 7960 1272 30 mountains mountain NNS 7960 1272 31 and and CC 7960 1272 32 deserts desert NNS 7960 1272 33 . . . 7960 1273 1 These these DT 7960 1273 2 two two CD 7960 1273 3 divisions division NNS 7960 1273 4 are be VBP 7960 1273 5 Farther Farther NNP 7960 1273 6 and and CC 7960 1273 7 Nearer Nearer NNP 7960 1273 8 , , , 7960 1273 9 or or CC 7960 1273 10 Eastern Eastern NNP 7960 1273 11 and and CC 7960 1273 12 Western western JJ 7960 1273 13 , , , 7960 1273 14 Asia Asia NNP 7960 1273 15 . . . 7960 1274 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 1274 2 Illustration illustration NN 7960 1274 3 : : : 7960 1274 4 Map Map NNP 7960 1274 5 , , , 7960 1274 6 PHYSICAL PHYSICAL NNP 7960 1274 7 MAP MAP NNP 7960 1274 8 OF of IN 7960 1274 9 ASIA ASIA NNP 7960 1274 10 . . . 7960 1274 11 ] ] -RRB- 7960 1275 1 FARTHER FARTHER NNP 7960 1275 2 ASIA ASIA NNP 7960 1275 3 Farther Farther NNP 7960 1275 4 Asia Asia NNP 7960 1275 5 begins begin VBZ 7960 1275 6 at at IN 7960 1275 7 the the DT 7960 1275 8 center center NN 7960 1275 9 of of IN 7960 1275 10 the the DT 7960 1275 11 continent continent NN 7960 1275 12 with with IN 7960 1275 13 a a DT 7960 1275 14 series series NN 7960 1275 15 of of IN 7960 1275 16 elevated elevated JJ 7960 1275 17 table table NN 7960 1275 18 - - HYPH 7960 1275 19 lands land NNS 7960 1275 20 which which WDT 7960 1275 21 rise rise VBP 7960 1275 22 into into IN 7960 1275 23 the the DT 7960 1275 24 lofty lofty NNP 7960 1275 25 plateaus plateaus NNP 7960 1275 26 , , , 7960 1275 27 known know VBN 7960 1275 28 as as IN 7960 1275 29 the the DT 7960 1275 30 " " `` 7960 1275 31 Roof Roof NNP 7960 1275 32 of of IN 7960 1275 33 the the DT 7960 1275 34 World World NNP 7960 1275 35 . . . 7960 1275 36 " " '' 7960 1276 1 Here here RB 7960 1276 2 two two CD 7960 1276 3 tremendous tremendous JJ 7960 1276 4 mountain mountain NN 7960 1276 5 chains chain NNS 7960 1276 6 diverge diverge NN 7960 1276 7 . . . 7960 1277 1 The the DT 7960 1277 2 Altai Altai NNP 7960 1277 3 range range NN 7960 1277 4 runs run VBZ 7960 1277 5 out out RP 7960 1277 6 to to IN 7960 1277 7 the the DT 7960 1277 8 northeast northeast NN 7960 1277 9 and and CC 7960 1277 10 reaches reach VBZ 7960 1277 11 the the DT 7960 1277 12 shores shore NNS 7960 1277 13 of of IN 7960 1277 14 the the DT 7960 1277 15 Pacific Pacific NNP 7960 1277 16 near near IN 7960 1277 17 Bering Bering NNP 7960 1277 18 Strait Strait NNP 7960 1277 19 . . . 7960 1278 1 The the DT 7960 1278 2 Himalaya Himalaya NNP 7960 1278 3 range range NN 7960 1278 4 extends extend VBZ 7960 1278 5 southeast southeast RB 7960 1278 6 to to IN 7960 1278 7 the the DT 7960 1278 8 Malay malay JJ 7960 1278 9 peninsula peninsula NN 7960 1278 10 . . . 7960 1279 1 In in IN 7960 1279 2 the the DT 7960 1279 3 angle angle NN 7960 1279 4 formed form VBN 7960 1279 5 by by IN 7960 1279 6 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 1279 7 intersection intersection NN 7960 1279 8 lies lie VBZ 7960 1279 9 the the DT 7960 1279 10 cold cold JJ 7960 1279 11 and and CC 7960 1279 12 barren barren JJ 7960 1279 13 region region NN 7960 1279 14 of of IN 7960 1279 15 East East NNP 7960 1279 16 Turkestan Turkestan NNP 7960 1279 17 and and CC 7960 1279 18 Tibet Tibet NNP 7960 1279 19 , , , 7960 1279 20 the the DT 7960 1279 21 height height NN 7960 1279 22 of of IN 7960 1279 23 which which WDT 7960 1279 24 , , , 7960 1279 25 in in IN 7960 1279 26 some some DT 7960 1279 27 places place NNS 7960 1279 28 , , , 7960 1279 29 is be VBZ 7960 1279 30 ten ten CD 7960 1279 31 thousand thousand CD 7960 1279 32 feet foot NNS 7960 1279 33 above above IN 7960 1279 34 the the DT 7960 1279 35 sea sea NN 7960 1279 36 . . . 7960 1280 1 From from IN 7960 1280 2 these these DT 7960 1280 3 mountains mountain NNS 7960 1280 4 and and CC 7960 1280 5 plateaus plateaus VB 7960 1280 6 the the DT 7960 1280 7 ground ground NN 7960 1280 8 sinks sink VBZ 7960 1280 9 gradually gradually RB 7960 1280 10 toward toward IN 7960 1280 11 the the DT 7960 1280 12 north north NN 7960 1280 13 into into IN 7960 1280 14 the the DT 7960 1280 15 lowlands lowland NNS 7960 1280 16 of of IN 7960 1280 17 West West NNP 7960 1280 18 Turkestan Turkestan NNP 7960 1280 19 and and CC 7960 1280 20 Siberia Siberia NNP 7960 1280 21 , , , 7960 1280 22 toward toward IN 7960 1280 23 the the DT 7960 1280 24 east east NN 7960 1280 25 and and CC 7960 1280 26 south south NN 7960 1280 27 into into IN 7960 1280 28 the the DT 7960 1280 29 plains plain NNS 7960 1280 30 of of IN 7960 1280 31 China China NNP 7960 1280 32 and and CC 7960 1280 33 India India NNP 7960 1280 34 . . . 7960 1281 1 CHINA CHINA NNP 7960 1281 2 The the DT 7960 1281 3 fertile fertile JJ 7960 1281 4 territory territory NN 7960 1281 5 of of IN 7960 1281 6 central central JJ 7960 1281 7 China China NNP 7960 1281 8 , , , 7960 1281 9 watered water VBN 7960 1281 10 by by IN 7960 1281 11 the the DT 7960 1281 12 two two CD 7960 1281 13 streams stream NNS 7960 1281 14 , , , 7960 1281 15 Yangtse Yangtse NNP 7960 1281 16 and and CC 7960 1281 17 Hoangho Hoangho NNP 7960 1281 18 , , , 7960 1281 19 was be VBD 7960 1281 20 settled settle VBN 7960 1281 21 at at IN 7960 1281 22 a a DT 7960 1281 23 remote remote JJ 7960 1281 24 period period NN 7960 1281 25 by by IN 7960 1281 26 barbarous barbarous JJ 7960 1281 27 tribes tribe NNS 7960 1281 28 . . . 7960 1282 1 The the DT 7960 1282 2 civilization civilization NN 7960 1282 3 which which WDT 7960 1282 4 they -PRON- PRP 7960 1282 5 slowly slowly RB 7960 1282 6 developed develop VBD 7960 1282 7 in in IN 7960 1282 8 antiquity antiquity NN 7960 1282 9 has have VBZ 7960 1282 10 endured endure VBN 7960 1282 11 with with IN 7960 1282 12 little little JJ 7960 1282 13 change change NN 7960 1282 14 until until IN 7960 1282 15 the the DT 7960 1282 16 present present JJ 7960 1282 17 day day NN 7960 1282 18 . . . 7960 1283 1 The the DT 7960 1283 2 inhabitants inhabitant NNS 7960 1283 3 of of IN 7960 1283 4 neighboring neighboring NN 7960 1283 5 countries country NNS 7960 1283 6 , , , 7960 1283 7 Korea Korea NNP 7960 1283 8 , , , 7960 1283 9 Japan Japan NNP 7960 1283 10 , , , 7960 1283 11 and and CC 7960 1283 12 Indo Indo NNP 7960 1283 13 - - HYPH 7960 1283 14 China China NNP 7960 1283 15 , , , 7960 1283 16 owe owe VBP 7960 1283 17 much much JJ 7960 1283 18 to to IN 7960 1283 19 this this DT 7960 1283 20 civilization civilization NN 7960 1283 21 . . . 7960 1284 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 1284 2 has have VBZ 7960 1284 3 exerted exert VBN 7960 1284 4 slight slight JJ 7960 1284 5 influence influence NN 7960 1284 6 on on IN 7960 1284 7 the the DT 7960 1284 8 other other JJ 7960 1284 9 peoples people NNS 7960 1284 10 of of IN 7960 1284 11 Asia Asia NNP 7960 1284 12 because because IN 7960 1284 13 the the DT 7960 1284 14 Chinese Chinese NNPS 7960 1284 15 have have VBP 7960 1284 16 always always RB 7960 1284 17 occupied occupy VBN 7960 1284 18 a a DT 7960 1284 19 distant distant JJ 7960 1284 20 corner corner NN 7960 1284 21 of of IN 7960 1284 22 the the DT 7960 1284 23 continent continent NN 7960 1284 24 , , , 7960 1284 25 cut cut VBN 7960 1284 26 off off RP 7960 1284 27 by by IN 7960 1284 28 deserts desert NNS 7960 1284 29 and and CC 7960 1284 30 mountains mountain NNS 7960 1284 31 from from IN 7960 1284 32 the the DT 7960 1284 33 lands land NNS 7960 1284 34 on on IN 7960 1284 35 the the DT 7960 1284 36 west west NN 7960 1284 37 . . . 7960 1285 1 As as IN 7960 1285 2 if if IN 7960 1285 3 these these DT 7960 1285 4 barriers barrier NNS 7960 1285 5 were be VBD 7960 1285 6 not not RB 7960 1285 7 enough enough JJ 7960 1285 8 , , , 7960 1285 9 they -PRON- PRP 7960 1285 10 raised raise VBD 7960 1285 11 the the DT 7960 1285 12 Great Great NNP 7960 1285 13 Wall Wall NNP 7960 1285 14 to to TO 7960 1285 15 protect protect VB 7960 1285 16 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 1285 17 country country NN 7960 1285 18 from from IN 7960 1285 19 invasion invasion NN 7960 1285 20 . . . 7960 1286 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 1286 2 Illustration illustration NN 7960 1286 3 : : : 7960 1286 4 THE the DT 7960 1286 5 GREAT great JJ 7960 1286 6 WALL WALL NNP 7960 1286 7 OF of IN 7960 1286 8 CHINA CHINA NNP 7960 1286 9 The the DT 7960 1286 10 wall wall NN 7960 1286 11 extends extend VBZ 7960 1286 12 for for IN 7960 1286 13 about about RB 7960 1286 14 fifteen fifteen CD 7960 1286 15 hundred hundred CD 7960 1286 16 miles mile NNS 7960 1286 17 along along IN 7960 1286 18 the the DT 7960 1286 19 northern northern JJ 7960 1286 20 frontier frontier NN 7960 1286 21 of of IN 7960 1286 22 China China NNP 7960 1286 23 . . . 7960 1287 1 In in IN 7960 1287 2 1908 1908 CD 7960 1287 3 AD ad NN 7960 1287 4 it -PRON- PRP 7960 1287 5 was be VBD 7960 1287 6 traversed traverse VBN 7960 1287 7 for for IN 7960 1287 8 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 1287 9 entire entire JJ 7960 1287 10 length length NN 7960 1287 11 by by IN 7960 1287 12 an an DT 7960 1287 13 American american JJ 7960 1287 14 Mr. Mr. NNP 7960 1287 15 W. W. NNP 7960 1287 16 E. E. NNP 7960 1287 17 Geil Geil NNP 7960 1287 18 . . . 7960 1288 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 1288 2 found find VBD 7960 1288 3 many many JJ 7960 1288 4 parts part NNS 7960 1288 5 of of IN 7960 1288 6 the the DT 7960 1288 7 fortification fortification NN 7960 1288 8 still still RB 7960 1288 9 in in IN 7960 1288 10 good good JJ 7960 1288 11 repair repair NN 7960 1288 12 , , , 7960 1288 13 though though IN 7960 1288 14 built build VBN 7960 1288 15 twenty twenty CD 7960 1288 16 one one CD 7960 1288 17 centuries century NNS 7960 1288 18 ago ago RB 7960 1288 19 . . . 7960 1288 20 ] ] -RRB- 7960 1289 1 Behind behind IN 7960 1289 2 this this DT 7960 1289 3 mighty mighty JJ 7960 1289 4 rampart rampart NN 7960 1289 5 the the DT 7960 1289 6 Chinese Chinese NNPS 7960 1289 7 have have VBP 7960 1289 8 lived live VBN 7960 1289 9 secluded seclude VBN 7960 1289 10 and and CC 7960 1289 11 aloof aloof NN 7960 1289 12 from from IN 7960 1289 13 the the DT 7960 1289 14 progress progress NN 7960 1289 15 of of IN 7960 1289 16 our -PRON- PRP$ 7960 1289 17 western western JJ 7960 1289 18 world world NN 7960 1289 19 . . . 7960 1290 1 In in IN 7960 1290 2 ancient ancient JJ 7960 1290 3 times time NNS 7960 1290 4 China China NNP 7960 1290 5 was be VBD 7960 1290 6 a a DT 7960 1290 7 land land NN 7960 1290 8 of of IN 7960 1290 9 mystery mystery NN 7960 1290 10 . . . 7960 1291 1 INDIA INDIA NNP 7960 1291 2 India India NNP 7960 1291 3 was be VBD 7960 1291 4 better well RBR 7960 1291 5 known know VBN 7960 1291 6 than than IN 7960 1291 7 China China NNP 7960 1291 8 , , , 7960 1291 9 especially especially RB 7960 1291 10 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 1291 11 two two CD 7960 1291 12 great great JJ 7960 1291 13 rivers river NNS 7960 1291 14 , , , 7960 1291 15 the the DT 7960 1291 16 Indus Indus NNP 7960 1291 17 and and CC 7960 1291 18 the the DT 7960 1291 19 Ganges Ganges NNPS 7960 1291 20 , , , 7960 1291 21 which which WDT 7960 1291 22 flow flow VBP 7960 1291 23 to to IN 7960 1291 24 the the DT 7960 1291 25 southwest southwest NN 7960 1291 26 and and CC 7960 1291 27 southeast southeast NN 7960 1291 28 , , , 7960 1291 29 respectively respectively RB 7960 1291 30 , , , 7960 1291 31 and and CC 7960 1291 32 make make VB 7960 1291 33 this this DT 7960 1291 34 part part NN 7960 1291 35 of of IN 7960 1291 36 the the DT 7960 1291 37 peninsula peninsula NN 7960 1291 38 one one CD 7960 1291 39 of of IN 7960 1291 40 the the DT 7960 1291 41 most most RBS 7960 1291 42 fertile fertile JJ 7960 1291 43 territories territory NNS 7960 1291 44 on on IN 7960 1291 45 the the DT 7960 1291 46 globe globe NN 7960 1291 47 . . . 7960 1292 1 Such such PDT 7960 1292 2 a a DT 7960 1292 3 land land NN 7960 1292 4 attracted attract VBD 7960 1292 5 immigrants immigrant NNS 7960 1292 6 . . . 7960 1293 1 The the DT 7960 1293 2 region region NN 7960 1293 3 now now RB 7960 1293 4 known know VBN 7960 1293 5 as as IN 7960 1293 6 the the DT 7960 1293 7 Punjab Punjab NNP 7960 1293 8 , , , 7960 1293 9 where where WRB 7960 1293 10 the the DT 7960 1293 11 Indus Indus NNP 7960 1293 12 receives receive VBZ 7960 1293 13 the the DT 7960 1293 14 waters water NNS 7960 1293 15 of of IN 7960 1293 16 five five CD 7960 1293 17 great great JJ 7960 1293 18 streams stream NNS 7960 1293 19 , , , 7960 1293 20 was be VBD 7960 1293 21 settled settle VBN 7960 1293 22 by by IN 7960 1293 23 light light JJ 7960 1293 24 - - HYPH 7960 1293 25 skinned skinned JJ 7960 1293 26 Indo Indo NNP 7960 1293 27 - - HYPH 7960 1293 28 Europeans Europeans NNPS 7960 1293 29 [ [ -LRB- 7960 1293 30 2 2 CD 7960 1293 31 ] ] -RRB- 7960 1293 32 perhaps perhaps RB 7960 1293 33 as as RB 7960 1293 34 early early RB 7960 1293 35 as as IN 7960 1293 36 2000 2000 CD 7960 1293 37 B.C. B.C. NNP 7960 1294 1 Then then RB 7960 1294 2 they -PRON- PRP 7960 1294 3 occupied occupy VBD 7960 1294 4 the the DT 7960 1294 5 valley valley NN 7960 1294 6 of of IN 7960 1294 7 the the DT 7960 1294 8 Ganges Ganges NNPS 7960 1294 9 and and CC 7960 1294 10 so so RB 7960 1294 11 brought bring VBN 7960 1294 12 all all DT 7960 1294 13 northern northern JJ 7960 1294 14 India India NNP 7960 1294 15 under under IN 7960 1294 16 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 1294 17 control control NN 7960 1294 18 . . . 7960 1295 1 INDIA INDIA NNP 7960 1295 2 AND and CC 7960 1295 3 THE the DT 7960 1295 4 WEST WEST NNP 7960 1295 5 India India NNP 7960 1295 6 did do VBD 7960 1295 7 not not RB 7960 1295 8 remain remain VB 7960 1295 9 entirely entirely RB 7960 1295 10 isolated isolate VBN 7960 1295 11 from from IN 7960 1295 12 the the DT 7960 1295 13 rest rest NN 7960 1295 14 of of IN 7960 1295 15 Asia Asia NNP 7960 1295 16 , , , 7960 1295 17 The the DT 7960 1295 18 Punjab Punjab NNP 7960 1295 19 was be VBD 7960 1295 20 twice twice RB 7960 1295 21 conquered conquer VBN 7960 1295 22 by by IN 7960 1295 23 invaders invader NNS 7960 1295 24 from from IN 7960 1295 25 the the DT 7960 1295 26 West West NNP 7960 1295 27 ; ; : 7960 1295 28 by by IN 7960 1295 29 the the DT 7960 1295 30 Persians Persians NNPS 7960 1295 31 in in IN 7960 1295 32 the the DT 7960 1295 33 sixth sixth JJ 7960 1295 34 century century NN 7960 1295 35 B.C. B.C. NNP 7960 1295 36 , , , 7960 1295 37 [ [ -LRB- 7960 1295 38 3 3 CD 7960 1295 39 ] ] -RRB- 7960 1295 40 and and CC 7960 1295 41 about about RB 7960 1295 42 two two CD 7960 1295 43 hundred hundred CD 7960 1295 44 years year NNS 7960 1295 45 later later RB 7960 1295 46 by by IN 7960 1295 47 the the DT 7960 1295 48 Greeks Greeks NNPS 7960 1295 49 . . . 7960 1296 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 1296 2 4 4 CD 7960 1296 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 1296 4 After after IN 7960 1296 5 the the DT 7960 1296 6 end end NN 7960 1296 7 of of IN 7960 1296 8 foreign foreign JJ 7960 1296 9 rule rule NN 7960 1296 10 India India NNP 7960 1296 11 continued continue VBD 7960 1296 12 to to TO 7960 1296 13 be be VB 7960 1296 14 of of IN 7960 1296 15 importance importance NN 7960 1296 16 through through IN 7960 1296 17 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 1296 18 commerce commerce NN 7960 1296 19 , , , 7960 1296 20 which which WDT 7960 1296 21 introduced introduce VBD 7960 1296 22 such such JJ 7960 1296 23 luxuries luxury NNS 7960 1296 24 as as IN 7960 1296 25 precious precious JJ 7960 1296 26 stones stone NNS 7960 1296 27 , , , 7960 1296 28 spices spice NNS 7960 1296 29 , , , 7960 1296 30 and and CC 7960 1296 31 ivory ivory NN 7960 1296 32 among among IN 7960 1296 33 the the DT 7960 1296 34 western western JJ 7960 1296 35 peoples people NNS 7960 1296 36 . . . 7960 1297 1 NEARER NEARER NNP 7960 1297 2 ASIA ASIA NNP 7960 1297 3 Nearer nearer RB 7960 1297 4 , , , 7960 1297 5 or or CC 7960 1297 6 Western Western NNP 7960 1297 7 Asia Asia NNP 7960 1297 8 , , , 7960 1297 9 the the DT 7960 1297 10 smaller small JJR 7960 1297 11 of of IN 7960 1297 12 the the DT 7960 1297 13 two two CD 7960 1297 14 grand grand JJ 7960 1297 15 divisions division NNS 7960 1297 16 of of IN 7960 1297 17 the the DT 7960 1297 18 Asiatic asiatic JJ 7960 1297 19 continent continent NN 7960 1297 20 , , , 7960 1297 21 is be VBZ 7960 1297 22 bounded bound VBN 7960 1297 23 by by IN 7960 1297 24 the the DT 7960 1297 25 Black Black NNP 7960 1297 26 and and CC 7960 1297 27 Caspian Caspian NNP 7960 1297 28 seas sea NNS 7960 1297 29 on on IN 7960 1297 30 the the DT 7960 1297 31 north north NN 7960 1297 32 , , , 7960 1297 33 by by IN 7960 1297 34 the the DT 7960 1297 35 Red Red NNP 7960 1297 36 Sea Sea NNP 7960 1297 37 , , , 7960 1297 38 Persian Persian NNP 7960 1297 39 Gulf Gulf NNP 7960 1297 40 , , , 7960 1297 41 and and CC 7960 1297 42 Indian Indian NNP 7960 1297 43 Ocean Ocean NNP 7960 1297 44 on on IN 7960 1297 45 the the DT 7960 1297 46 south south JJ 7960 1297 47 , , , 7960 1297 48 eastward eastward RB 7960 1297 49 by by IN 7960 1297 50 the the DT 7960 1297 51 Indus Indus NNP 7960 1297 52 River River NNP 7960 1297 53 , , , 7960 1297 54 and and CC 7960 1297 55 westward westward RB 7960 1297 56 by by IN 7960 1297 57 the the DT 7960 1297 58 Mediterranean Mediterranean NNP 7960 1297 59 and and CC 7960 1297 60 the the DT 7960 1297 61 Nile Nile NNP 7960 1297 62 . . . 7960 1298 1 Almost almost RB 7960 1298 2 all all PDT 7960 1298 3 the the DT 7960 1298 4 countries country NNS 7960 1298 5 within within IN 7960 1298 6 this this DT 7960 1298 7 area area NN 7960 1298 8 played play VBD 7960 1298 9 a a DT 7960 1298 10 part part NN 7960 1298 11 in in IN 7960 1298 12 the the DT 7960 1298 13 ancient ancient JJ 7960 1298 14 history history NN 7960 1298 15 of of IN 7960 1298 16 the the DT 7960 1298 17 Orient Orient NNP 7960 1298 18 . . . 7960 1299 1 COUNTRIES country NNS 7960 1299 2 OF of IN 7960 1299 3 NEARER NEARER NNP 7960 1299 4 ASIA ASIA NNP 7960 1299 5 The the DT 7960 1299 6 lofty lofty JJ 7960 1299 7 plateaus plateaus NN 7960 1299 8 of of IN 7960 1299 9 central central JJ 7960 1299 10 Asia Asia NNP 7960 1299 11 decline decline NN 7960 1299 12 on on IN 7960 1299 13 the the DT 7960 1299 14 west west NN 7960 1299 15 into into IN 7960 1299 16 the the DT 7960 1299 17 lower low JJR 7960 1299 18 but but CC 7960 1299 19 still still RB 7960 1299 20 elevated elevated JJ 7960 1299 21 region region NN 7960 1299 22 of of IN 7960 1299 23 Iran Iran NNP 7960 1299 24 . . . 7960 1300 1 The the DT 7960 1300 2 western western JJ 7960 1300 3 part part NN 7960 1300 4 of of IN 7960 1300 5 Iran Iran NNP 7960 1300 6 was be VBD 7960 1300 7 occupied occupy VBN 7960 1300 8 in in IN 7960 1300 9 antiquity antiquity NN 7960 1300 10 by by IN 7960 1300 11 the the DT 7960 1300 12 kindred kindred JJ 7960 1300 13 people people NNS 7960 1300 14 known know VBN 7960 1300 15 as as IN 7960 1300 16 Medes Medes NNP 7960 1300 17 and and CC 7960 1300 18 Persians Persians NNPS 7960 1300 19 . . . 7960 1301 1 Armenia Armenia NNP 7960 1301 2 , , , 7960 1301 3 a a DT 7960 1301 4 wild wild JJ 7960 1301 5 and and CC 7960 1301 6 mountainous mountainous JJ 7960 1301 7 region region NN 7960 1301 8 , , , 7960 1301 9 is be VBZ 7960 1301 10 an an DT 7960 1301 11 extension extension NN 7960 1301 12 to to IN 7960 1301 13 the the DT 7960 1301 14 northwest northwest NN 7960 1301 15 of of IN 7960 1301 16 the the DT 7960 1301 17 Iranian iranian JJ 7960 1301 18 table table NN 7960 1301 19 - - HYPH 7960 1301 20 land land NN 7960 1301 21 . . . 7960 1302 1 Beyond beyond IN 7960 1302 2 Armenia Armenia NNP 7960 1302 3 we -PRON- PRP 7960 1302 4 cross cross VBP 7960 1302 5 into into IN 7960 1302 6 the the DT 7960 1302 7 peninsula peninsula NN 7960 1302 8 of of IN 7960 1302 9 Asia Asia NNP 7960 1302 10 Minor Minor NNP 7960 1302 11 , , , 7960 1302 12 a a DT 7960 1302 13 natural natural JJ 7960 1302 14 link link NN 7960 1302 15 between between IN 7960 1302 16 Asia Asia NNP 7960 1302 17 and and CC 7960 1302 18 Europe Europe NNP 7960 1302 19 . . . 7960 1303 1 Southward Southward NNP 7960 1303 2 from from IN 7960 1303 3 Asia Asia NNP 7960 1303 4 Minor Minor NNP 7960 1303 5 we -PRON- PRP 7960 1303 6 pass pass VBP 7960 1303 7 along along RP 7960 1303 8 the the DT 7960 1303 9 Mediterranean Mediterranean NNP 7960 1303 10 coast coast NN 7960 1303 11 through through IN 7960 1303 12 Syria Syria NNP 7960 1303 13 to to IN 7960 1303 14 Arabia Arabia NNP 7960 1303 15 . . . 7960 1304 1 The the DT 7960 1304 2 Arabian arabian JJ 7960 1304 3 peninsula peninsula NN 7960 1304 4 may may MD 7960 1304 5 be be VB 7960 1304 6 regarded regard VBN 7960 1304 7 as as IN 7960 1304 8 the the DT 7960 1304 9 link link NN 7960 1304 10 between between IN 7960 1304 11 Asia Asia NNP 7960 1304 12 and and CC 7960 1304 13 Africa Africa NNP 7960 1304 14 . . . 7960 1305 1 INFLUENCE influence NN 7960 1305 2 OF of IN 7960 1305 3 GEOGRAPHICAL geographical NN 7960 1305 4 CONDITIONS conditions NN 7960 1305 5 These these DT 7960 1305 6 five five CD 7960 1305 7 countries country NNS 7960 1305 8 of of IN 7960 1305 9 Nearer Nearer NNP 7960 1305 10 Asia Asia NNP 7960 1305 11 were be VBD 7960 1305 12 not not RB 7960 1305 13 well well RB 7960 1305 14 fitted fit VBN 7960 1305 15 to to TO 7960 1305 16 become become VB 7960 1305 17 centers center NNS 7960 1305 18 of of IN 7960 1305 19 early early JJ 7960 1305 20 civilization civilization NN 7960 1305 21 . . . 7960 1306 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 1306 2 possessed possess VBD 7960 1306 3 no no DT 7960 1306 4 great great JJ 7960 1306 5 rivers river NNS 7960 1306 6 which which WDT 7960 1306 7 help help VBP 7960 1306 8 to to TO 7960 1306 9 bring bring VB 7960 1306 10 people people NNS 7960 1306 11 together together RB 7960 1306 12 , , , 7960 1306 13 and and CC 7960 1306 14 no no DT 7960 1306 15 broad broad JJ 7960 1306 16 , , , 7960 1306 17 fertile fertile JJ 7960 1306 18 plains plain NNS 7960 1306 19 which which WDT 7960 1306 20 support support VBP 7960 1306 21 a a DT 7960 1306 22 large large JJ 7960 1306 23 population population NN 7960 1306 24 . . . 7960 1307 1 Armenia Armenia NNP 7960 1307 2 , , , 7960 1307 3 Asia Asia NNP 7960 1307 4 Minor Minor NNP 7960 1307 5 , , , 7960 1307 6 and and CC 7960 1307 7 Syria Syria NNP 7960 1307 8 were be VBD 7960 1307 9 broken break VBN 7960 1307 10 up up RP 7960 1307 11 into into IN 7960 1307 12 small small JJ 7960 1307 13 districts district NNS 7960 1307 14 by by IN 7960 1307 15 chains chain NNS 7960 1307 16 of of IN 7960 1307 17 mountains mountain NNS 7960 1307 18 . . . 7960 1308 1 Iran Iran NNP 7960 1308 2 and and CC 7960 1308 3 Arabia Arabia NNP 7960 1308 4 were be VBD 7960 1308 5 chiefly chiefly RB 7960 1308 6 barren barren JJ 7960 1308 7 deserts desert NNS 7960 1308 8 . . . 7960 1309 1 But but CC 7960 1309 2 two two CD 7960 1309 3 other other JJ 7960 1309 4 divisions division NNS 7960 1309 5 of of IN 7960 1309 6 Nearer Nearer NNP 7960 1309 7 Asia Asia NNP 7960 1309 8 resembled resemble VBD 7960 1309 9 distant distant JJ 7960 1309 10 India India NNP 7960 1309 11 and and CC 7960 1309 12 China China NNP 7960 1309 13 in in IN 7960 1309 14 the the DT 7960 1309 15 possession possession NN 7960 1309 16 of of IN 7960 1309 17 a a DT 7960 1309 18 warm warm JJ 7960 1309 19 climate climate NN 7960 1309 20 , , , 7960 1309 21 a a DT 7960 1309 22 fruitful fruitful JJ 7960 1309 23 soil soil NN 7960 1309 24 , , , 7960 1309 25 and and CC 7960 1309 26 an an DT 7960 1309 27 extensive extensive JJ 7960 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1314 2 antiquity antiquity NN 7960 1314 3 each each DT 7960 1314 4 river river NN 7960 1314 5 emptied empty VBD 7960 1314 6 into into IN 7960 1314 7 the the DT 7960 1314 8 Persian Persian NNP 7960 1314 9 Gulf Gulf NNP 7960 1314 10 by by IN 7960 1314 11 a a DT 7960 1314 12 separate separate JJ 7960 1314 13 mouth mouth NN 7960 1314 14 . . . 7960 1315 1 This this DT 7960 1315 2 Tigris Tigris NNP 7960 1315 3 - - HYPH 7960 1315 4 Euphrates Euphrates NNP 7960 1315 5 valley valley NN 7960 1315 6 was be VBD 7960 1315 7 called call VBN 7960 1315 8 by by IN 7960 1315 9 the the DT 7960 1315 10 Greeks Greeks NNPS 7960 1315 11 Mesopotamia Mesopotamia NNP 7960 1315 12 , , , 7960 1315 13 " " '' 7960 1315 14 the the DT 7960 1315 15 land land NN 7960 1315 16 between between IN 7960 1315 17 the the DT 7960 1315 18 rivers river NNS 7960 1315 19 . . . 7960 1315 20 " " '' 7960 1316 1 PRODUCTIONS PRODUCTIONS NNP 7960 1316 2 OF of IN 7960 1316 3 BABYLONIA BABYLONIA NNP 7960 1316 4 Babylonia Babylonia NNP 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Wheat Wheat NNP 7960 1320 5 and and CC 7960 1320 6 barley barley NN 7960 1320 7 were be VBD 7960 1320 8 perhaps perhaps RB 7960 1320 9 first first RB 7960 1320 10 domesticated domesticate VBN 7960 1320 11 in in IN 7960 1320 12 this this DT 7960 1320 13 part part NN 7960 1320 14 of of IN 7960 1320 15 the the DT 7960 1320 16 world world NN 7960 1320 17 . . . 7960 1321 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 1321 2 6 6 CD 7960 1321 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 1321 4 Wheat wheat NN 7960 1321 5 still still RB 7960 1321 6 grows grow VBZ 7960 1321 7 wild wild JJ 7960 1321 8 there there RB 7960 1321 9 . . . 7960 1322 1 Though though IN 7960 1322 2 Babylonia Babylonia NNP 7960 1322 3 possessed possess VBD 7960 1322 4 no no DT 7960 1322 5 forests forest NNS 7960 1322 6 , , , 7960 1322 7 it -PRON- PRP 7960 1322 8 had have VBD 7960 1322 9 the the DT 7960 1322 10 date date NN 7960 1322 11 palm palm NN 7960 1322 12 , , , 7960 1322 13 which which WDT 7960 1322 14 needed need VBD 7960 1322 15 scarcely scarcely RB 7960 1322 16 any any 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1358 6 of of IN 7960 1358 7 independent independent JJ 7960 1358 8 states state NNS 7960 1358 9 , , , 7960 1358 10 each each DT 7960 1358 11 with with IN 7960 1358 12 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 1358 13 capital capital NN 7960 1358 14 city city NN 7960 1358 15 , , , 7960 1358 16 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 1358 17 patron patron NN 7960 1358 18 god god NNP 7960 1358 19 , , , 7960 1358 20 and and CC 7960 1358 21 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 1358 22 king king NN 7960 1358 23 . . . 7960 1359 1 After after IN 7960 1359 2 them -PRON- PRP 7960 1359 3 came come VBD 7960 1359 4 Semitic semitic JJ 7960 1359 5 tribes tribe NNS 7960 1359 6 from from IN 7960 1359 7 the the DT 7960 1359 8 deserts desert NNS 7960 1359 9 of of IN 7960 1359 10 northern northern JJ 7960 1359 11 Arabia Arabia NNP 7960 1359 12 . . . 7960 1360 1 The the DT 7960 1360 2 Semites Semites NNPS 7960 1360 3 mingled mingle VBD 7960 1360 4 with with IN 7960 1360 5 the the DT 7960 1360 6 Sumerians Sumerians NNPS 7960 1360 7 and and CC 7960 1360 8 adopted 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15 sword sword NN 7960 1365 16 had have VBD 7960 1365 17 won win VBN 7960 1365 18 . . . 7960 1366 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 1366 2 dug dig VBZ 7960 1366 3 great great JJ 7960 1366 4 canals canal NNS 7960 1366 5 to to TO 7960 1366 6 distribute distribute VB 7960 1366 7 the the DT 7960 1366 8 waters water NNS 7960 1366 9 of of IN 7960 1366 10 the the DT 7960 1366 11 Euphrates Euphrates NNP 7960 1366 12 and and CC 7960 1366 13 built build VBD 7960 1366 14 huge huge JJ 7960 1366 15 granaries granary NNS 7960 1366 16 to to TO 7960 1366 17 store store VB 7960 1366 18 the the DT 7960 1366 19 wheat wheat NN 7960 1366 20 against against IN 7960 1366 21 a a DT 7960 1366 22 time time NN 7960 1366 23 of of IN 7960 1366 24 famine famine NN 7960 1366 25 . . . 7960 1367 1 In in IN 7960 1367 2 Babylon Babylon NNP 7960 1367 3 he -PRON- PRP 7960 1367 4 raised raise VBD 7960 1367 5 splendid splendid JJ 7960 1367 6 temples temple NNS 7960 1367 7 and and CC 7960 1367 8 palaces palace NNS 7960 1367 9 . . . 7960 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NNP 7960 1442 3 cedars cedar VBZ 7960 1442 4 furnished furnish VBD 7960 1442 5 soft soft JJ 7960 1442 6 , , , 7960 1442 7 white white JJ 7960 1442 8 wood wood NN 7960 1442 9 for for IN 7960 1442 10 shipbuilding shipbuilding NN 7960 1442 11 , , , 7960 1442 12 and and CC 7960 1442 13 the the DT 7960 1442 14 deeply deeply RB 7960 1442 15 indented indent VBN 7960 1442 16 coast coast NN 7960 1442 17 offered offer VBD 7960 1442 18 excellent excellent JJ 7960 1442 19 harbors harbor NNS 7960 1442 20 . . . 7960 1443 1 Thus thus RB 7960 1443 2 the the DT 7960 1443 3 Phoenicians Phoenicians NNPS 7960 1443 4 became become VBD 7960 1443 5 preeminently preeminently RB 7960 1443 6 a a DT 7960 1443 7 race race NN 7960 1443 8 of of IN 7960 1443 9 sailors sailor NNS 7960 1443 10 . . . 7960 1444 1 Their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 1444 2 great great JJ 7960 1444 3 cities city NNS 7960 1444 4 , , , 7960 1444 5 Sidon Sidon NNP 7960 1444 6 and and CC 7960 1444 7 Tyre Tyre NNP 7960 1444 8 , , , 7960 1444 9 established 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7960 1445 20 Their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 1445 21 history history NN 7960 1445 22 begins begin VBZ 7960 1445 23 with with IN 7960 1445 24 the the DT 7960 1445 25 emigration emigration NN 7960 1445 26 of of IN 7960 1445 27 twelve twelve CD 7960 1445 28 Hebrew hebrew JJ 7960 1445 29 tribes tribe NNS 7960 1445 30 ( ( -LRB- 7960 1445 31 called call VBN 7960 1445 32 Israelites Israelites NNPS 7960 1445 33 ) ) -RRB- 7960 1445 34 from from IN 7960 1445 35 northern northern JJ 7960 1445 36 Arabia Arabia NNP 7960 1445 37 to to IN 7960 1445 38 Canaan Canaan NNP 7960 1445 39 . . . 7960 1446 1 In in IN 7960 1446 2 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 1446 3 new new JJ 7960 1446 4 home home NN 7960 1446 5 the the DT 7960 1446 6 Israelites Israelites NNPS 7960 1446 7 gave give VBD 7960 1446 8 up up RP 7960 1446 9 the the DT 7960 1446 10 life life NN 7960 1446 11 of of IN 7960 1446 12 wandering wandering NN 7960 1446 13 shepherds shepherd NNS 7960 1446 14 and and CC 7960 1446 15 became become VBD 7960 1446 16 farmers farmer NNS 7960 1446 17 . . . 7960 1447 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 1447 2 learned learn VBD 7960 1447 3 from from IN 7960 1447 4 the the DT 7960 1447 5 Canaanites Canaanites NNPS 7960 1447 6 to to TO 7960 1447 7 till till IN 7960 1447 8 the the DT 7960 1447 9 soil soil NN 7960 1447 10 and and CC 7960 1447 11 to to TO 7960 1447 12 dwell dwell VB 7960 1447 13 in in IN 7960 1447 14 towns town NNS 7960 1447 15 and and CC 7960 1447 16 cities city NNS 7960 1447 17 . . . 7960 1448 1 PERIOD period NN 7960 1448 2 OF of IN 7960 1448 3 THE the DT 7960 1448 4 JUDGES JUDGES NNP 7960 1448 5 The the DT 7960 1448 6 thorough thorough JJ 7960 1448 7 conquest conquest NN 7960 1448 8 of of IN 7960 1448 9 Canaan Canaan NNP 7960 1448 10 proved prove VBD 7960 1448 11 to to TO 7960 1448 12 be be VB 7960 1448 13 no no DT 7960 1448 14 easy easy JJ 7960 1448 15 task task NN 7960 1448 16 . . . 7960 1449 1 At at IN 7960 1449 2 first first RB 7960 1449 3 the the DT 7960 1449 4 twelve twelve CD 7960 1449 5 Israelitish israelitish JJ 7960 1449 6 tribes tribe NNS 7960 1449 7 formed form VBD 7960 1449 8 only only RB 7960 1449 9 a a DT 7960 1449 10 loose loose JJ 7960 1449 11 and and CC 7960 1449 12 weak weak JJ 7960 1449 13 confederacy confederacy NN 7960 1449 14 without without IN 7960 1449 15 a a DT 7960 1449 16 common common JJ 7960 1449 17 head head NN 7960 1449 18 . . . 7960 1450 1 " " `` 7960 1450 2 In in IN 7960 1450 3 those those DT 7960 1450 4 days day NNS 7960 1450 5 there there EX 7960 1450 6 was be VBD 7960 1450 7 no no DT 7960 1450 8 king king NN 7960 1450 9 in in IN 7960 1450 10 Israel Israel NNP 7960 1450 11 , , , 7960 1450 12 every every DT 7960 1450 13 man man NN 7960 1450 14 did do VBD 7960 1450 15 what what WP 7960 1450 16 was be VBD 7960 1450 17 right right JJ 7960 1450 18 in in IN 7960 1450 19 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 1450 20 own own JJ 7960 1450 21 eyes eye NNS 7960 1450 22 . . . 7960 1450 23 " " '' 7960 1451 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 1451 2 10 10 CD 7960 1451 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 1451 4 The the DT 7960 1451 5 sole sole JJ 7960 1451 6 authority authority NN 7960 1451 7 was be VBD 7960 1451 8 that that DT 7960 1451 9 held hold VBN 7960 1451 10 by by IN 7960 1451 11 valiant valiant JJ 7960 1451 12 chieftains chieftain NNS 7960 1451 13 and and CC 7960 1451 14 law law NN 7960 1451 15 - - HYPH 7960 1451 16 givers giver NNS 7960 1451 17 , , , 7960 1451 18 such such JJ 7960 1451 19 as as IN 7960 1451 20 Samson Samson NNP 7960 1451 21 , , , 7960 1451 22 Gideon Gideon NNP 7960 1451 23 , , , 7960 1451 24 and and CC 7960 1451 25 Samuel Samuel NNP 7960 1451 26 , , , 7960 1451 27 who who WP 7960 1451 28 served serve VBD 7960 1451 29 as as IN 7960 1451 30 judges judge NNS 7960 1451 31 between between IN 7960 1451 32 the the DT 7960 1451 33 tribes tribe NNS 7960 1451 34 and and CC 7960 1451 35 often often RB 7960 1451 36 led lead VBD 7960 1451 37 them -PRON- PRP 7960 1451 38 in in IN 7960 1451 39 successful successful JJ 7960 1451 40 attacks attack NNS 7960 1451 41 upon upon IN 7960 1451 42 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 1451 43 foes foe NNS 7960 1451 44 . . . 7960 1452 1 Among among IN 7960 1452 2 these these DT 7960 1452 3 were be VBD 7960 1452 4 the the DT 7960 1452 5 warlike warlike JJ 7960 1452 6 Philistines Philistines NNP 7960 1452 7 , , , 7960 1452 8 who who WP 7960 1452 9 occupied occupy VBD 7960 1452 10 the the DT 7960 1452 11 southwestern southwestern JJ 7960 1452 12 coast coast NN 7960 1452 13 of of IN 7960 1452 14 Canaan Canaan NNP 7960 1452 15 . . . 7960 1453 1 To to TO 7960 1453 2 resist resist VB 7960 1453 3 the the DT 7960 1453 4 Philistines Philistines NNP 7960 1453 5 with with IN 7960 1453 6 success success NN 7960 1453 7 it -PRON- PRP 7960 1453 8 was be VBD 7960 1453 9 necessary necessary JJ 7960 1453 10 to to TO 7960 1453 11 have have VB 7960 1453 12 a a DT 7960 1453 13 king king NN 7960 1453 14 who who WP 7960 1453 15 could could MD 7960 1453 16 bring bring VB 7960 1453 17 all all PDT 7960 1453 18 the the DT 7960 1453 19 scattered scatter VBN 7960 1453 20 tribes tribe NNS 7960 1453 21 under under IN 7960 1453 22 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 1453 23 firm firm NN 7960 1453 24 , , , 7960 1453 25 well well RB 7960 1453 26 - - HYPH 7960 1453 27 ordered order VBN 7960 1453 28 rule rule NN 7960 1453 29 . . . 7960 1454 1 REIGNS REIGNS NNP 7960 1454 2 OF of IN 7960 1454 3 SAUL SAUL NNP 7960 1454 4 AND and CC 7960 1454 5 DAVID david NN 7960 1454 6 In in IN 7960 1454 7 Saul Saul NNP 7960 1454 8 , , , 7960 1454 9 " " '' 7960 1454 10 a a DT 7960 1454 11 young young JJ 7960 1454 12 man man NN 7960 1454 13 and and CC 7960 1454 14 a a DT 7960 1454 15 goodly goodly JJ 7960 1454 16 , , , 7960 1454 17 " " '' 7960 1454 18 the the DT 7960 1454 19 warriors warrior NNS 7960 1454 20 of of IN 7960 1454 21 Israel Israel NNP 7960 1454 22 found find VBD 7960 1454 23 a a DT 7960 1454 24 leader leader NN 7960 1454 25 to to TO 7960 1454 26 unite unite VB 7960 1454 27 them -PRON- PRP 7960 1454 28 against against IN 7960 1454 29 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 1454 30 enemies enemy NNS 7960 1454 31 . . . 7960 1455 1 His -PRON- PRP$ 7960 1455 2 reign reign NN 7960 1455 3 was be VBD 7960 1455 4 passed pass VBN 7960 1455 5 in in IN 7960 1455 6 constant constant JJ 7960 1455 7 struggles struggle NNS 7960 1455 8 with with IN 7960 1455 9 the the DT 7960 1455 10 Philistines Philistines NNP 7960 1455 11 . . . 7960 1456 1 David David NNP 7960 1456 2 , , , 7960 1456 3 who who WP 7960 1456 4 followed follow VBD 7960 1456 5 him -PRON- PRP 7960 1456 6 , , , 7960 1456 7 utterly utterly RB 7960 1456 8 destroyed destroy VBD 7960 1456 9 the the DT 7960 1456 10 Philistine philistine JJ 7960 1456 11 power power NN 7960 1456 12 and and CC 7960 1456 13 by by IN 7960 1456 14 further further JJ 7960 1456 15 conquests conquest NNS 7960 1456 16 extended extend VBD 7960 1456 17 the the DT 7960 1456 18 boundaries boundary NNS 7960 1456 19 of of IN 7960 1456 20 the the DT 7960 1456 21 new new JJ 7960 1456 22 state state NN 7960 1456 23 . . . 7960 1457 1 For for IN 7960 1457 2 a a DT 7960 1457 3 capital capital NN 7960 1457 4 city city NN 7960 1457 5 he -PRON- PRP 7960 1457 6 selected select VBD 7960 1457 7 the the DT 7960 1457 8 ancient ancient JJ 7960 1457 9 fortress fortress NN 7960 1457 10 of of IN 7960 1457 11 Jerusalem Jerusalem NNP 7960 1457 12 . . . 7960 1458 1 Here here RB 7960 1458 2 David David NNP 7960 1458 3 built build VBD 7960 1458 4 himself -PRON- PRP 7960 1458 5 a a DT 7960 1458 6 royal royal JJ 7960 1458 7 palace palace NN 7960 1458 8 and and CC 7960 1458 9 here here RB 7960 1458 10 he -PRON- PRP 7960 1458 11 fixed fix VBD 7960 1458 12 the the DT 7960 1458 13 Ark Ark NNP 7960 1458 14 , , , 7960 1458 15 the the DT 7960 1458 16 sanctuary sanctuary NN 7960 1458 17 of of IN 7960 1458 18 Jehovah Jehovah NNP 7960 1458 19 . . . 7960 1459 1 Jerusalem Jerusalem NNP 7960 1459 2 became become VBD 7960 1459 3 to to IN 7960 1459 4 the the DT 7960 1459 5 Israelites Israelites NNPS 7960 1459 6 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 1459 7 dearest dear JJS 7960 1459 8 possession possession 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NNP 7960 1515 1 Although although IN 7960 1515 2 Assyria Assyria NNP 7960 1515 3 recovered recover VBD 7960 1515 4 from from IN 7960 1515 5 this this DT 7960 1515 6 disaster disaster NN 7960 1515 7 , , , 7960 1515 8 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 1515 9 empire empire NN 7960 1515 10 rested rest VBN 7960 1515 11 on on IN 7960 1515 12 unstable unstable JJ 7960 1515 13 foundations foundation NNS 7960 1515 14 . . . 7960 1516 1 The the DT 7960 1516 2 subject subject JJ 7960 1516 3 races race NNS 7960 1516 4 were be VBD 7960 1516 5 attached attach VBN 7960 1516 6 to to IN 7960 1516 7 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 1516 8 oppressive oppressive JJ 7960 1516 9 masters master NNS 7960 1516 10 by by IN 7960 1516 11 no no DT 7960 1516 12 ties tie NNS 7960 1516 13 save save VBP 7960 1516 14 those those DT 7960 1516 15 of of IN 7960 1516 16 force force NN 7960 1516 17 . . . 7960 1517 1 When when WRB 7960 1517 2 Assyria Assyria NNP 7960 1517 3 grew grow VBD 7960 1517 4 exhausted exhaust VBN 7960 1517 5 by by IN 7960 1517 6 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 1517 7 career career NN 7960 1517 8 of of IN 7960 1517 9 conquest conquest NNP 7960 1517 10 , , , 7960 1517 11 they -PRON- PRP 7960 1517 12 were be VBD 7960 1517 13 quick quick JJ 7960 1517 14 to to TO 7960 1517 15 strike strike VB 7960 1517 16 a a DT 7960 1517 17 blow blow NN 7960 1517 18 for for IN 7960 1517 19 freedom freedom NN 7960 1517 20 . . . 7960 1518 1 By by IN 7960 1518 2 the the DT 7960 1518 3 middle middle NN 7960 1518 4 of of IN 7960 1518 5 the the DT 7960 1518 6 seventh seventh JJ 7960 1518 7 century century NN 7960 1518 8 Egypt Egypt NNP 7960 1518 9 had have VBD 7960 1518 10 secured secure VBN 7960 1518 11 her -PRON- PRP$ 7960 1518 12 independence independence NN 7960 1518 13 , , , 7960 1518 14 and and CC 7960 1518 15 many many JJ 7960 1518 16 other other JJ 7960 1518 17 provinces province NNS 7960 1518 18 were be VBD 7960 1518 19 ready ready JJ 7960 1518 20 to to TO 7960 1518 21 revolt revolt VB 7960 1518 22 . . . 7960 1519 1 Meanwhile meanwhile RB 7960 1519 2 , , , 7960 1519 3 beyond beyond IN 7960 1519 4 the the DT 7960 1519 5 eastern eastern JJ 7960 1519 6 mountains mountain NNS 7960 1519 7 , , , 7960 1519 8 the the DT 7960 1519 9 Medes Medes NNP 7960 1519 10 were be VBD 7960 1519 11 gathering gather VBG 7960 1519 12 ominously ominously RB 7960 1519 13 on on IN 7960 1519 14 the the DT 7960 1519 15 Assyrian assyrian JJ 7960 1519 16 frontier frontier NN 7960 1519 17 . . . 7960 1520 1 The the DT 7960 1520 2 storm storm NN 7960 1520 3 broke break VBD 7960 1520 4 when when WRB 7960 1520 5 the the DT 7960 1520 6 Median median JJ 7960 1520 7 monarch monarch NN 7960 1520 8 , , , 7960 1520 9 in in IN 7960 1520 10 alliance alliance NN 7960 1520 11 with with IN 7960 1520 12 the the DT 7960 1520 13 king king NN 7960 1520 14 of of IN 7960 1520 15 Babylon Babylon NNP 7960 1520 16 , , , 7960 1520 17 moved move VBD 7960 1520 18 upon upon IN 7960 1520 19 Nineveh Nineveh NNP 7960 1520 20 and and CC 7960 1520 21 captured capture VBD 7960 1520 22 it -PRON- PRP 7960 1520 23 . . . 7960 1521 1 The the DT 7960 1521 2 city city NN 7960 1521 3 was be VBD 7960 1521 4 utterly utterly RB 7960 1521 5 destroyed destroy VBN 7960 1521 6 . . . 7960 1522 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 1522 2 Illustration illustration NN 7960 1522 3 : : : 7960 1522 4 THE the DT 7960 1522 5 ISHTAR ISHTAR NNP 7960 1522 6 GATE GATE NNP 7960 1522 7 , , , 7960 1522 8 BABYLON BABYLON NNP 7960 1522 9 Explorations Explorations NNPS 7960 1522 10 on on IN 7960 1522 11 the the DT 7960 1522 12 site site NN 7960 1522 13 of of IN 7960 1522 14 Babylon Babylon NNP 7960 1522 15 have have VBP 7960 1522 16 been be VBN 7960 1522 17 conducted conduct VBN 7960 1522 18 since since IN 7960 1522 19 1899 1899 CD 7960 1522 20 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 1522 21 by by IN 7960 1522 22 the the DT 7960 1522 23 German german JJ 7960 1522 24 Oriental Oriental NNP 7960 1522 25 Society Society NNP 7960 1522 26 . . . 7960 1523 1 Large large JJ 7960 1523 2 parts part NNS 7960 1523 3 of of IN 7960 1523 4 the the DT 7960 1523 5 temple temple NNP 7960 1523 6 area area NN 7960 1523 7 , , , 7960 1523 8 as as RB 7960 1523 9 well well RB 7960 1523 10 as as IN 7960 1523 11 sections section NNS 7960 1523 12 of of IN 7960 1523 13 the the DT 7960 1523 14 royal royal JJ 7960 1523 15 palaces palace NNS 7960 1523 16 , , , 7960 1523 17 have have VBP 7960 1523 18 been be VBN 7960 1523 19 uncovered uncover VBN 7960 1523 20 . . . 7960 1524 1 The the DT 7960 1524 2 most most RBS 7960 1524 3 important important JJ 7960 1524 4 structure structure NN 7960 1524 5 found find VBN 7960 1524 6 is be VBZ 7960 1524 7 the the DT 7960 1524 8 Ishtar Ishtar NNP 7960 1524 9 Gate Gate NNP 7960 1524 10 . . . 7960 1525 1 The the DT 7960 1525 2 towers tower NNS 7960 1525 3 which which WDT 7960 1525 4 flank flank VBP 7960 1525 5 it -PRON- PRP 7960 1525 6 are be VBP 7960 1525 7 adorned adorn VBN 7960 1525 8 with with IN 7960 1525 9 figures figure NNS 7960 1525 10 of of IN 7960 1525 11 dragons dragon NNS 7960 1525 12 and and CC 7960 1525 13 bulls bull NNS 7960 1525 14 in in IN 7960 1525 15 brilliantly brilliantly RB 7960 1525 16 colored color VBN 7960 1525 17 glazed glaze VBN 7960 1525 18 tile tile NN 7960 1525 19 . . . 7960 1525 20 ] ] -RRB- 7960 1526 1 PARTITION partition NN 7960 1526 2 OF of IN 7960 1526 3 ASSYRIA assyria NN 7960 1526 4 After after IN 7960 1526 5 the the DT 7960 1526 6 conquest conquest NN 7960 1526 7 of of IN 7960 1526 8 the the DT 7960 1526 9 Assyrian Assyrian NNP 7960 1526 10 Empire Empire NNP 7960 1526 11 the the DT 7960 1526 12 victors victor NNS 7960 1526 13 proceeded proceed VBD 7960 1526 14 to to TO 7960 1526 15 divide divide VB 7960 1526 16 the the DT 7960 1526 17 spoils spoil NNS 7960 1526 18 . . . 7960 1527 1 The the DT 7960 1527 2 share share NN 7960 1527 3 of of IN 7960 1527 4 Media Media NNP 7960 1527 5 was be VBD 7960 1527 6 Assyria Assyria NNP 7960 1527 7 itself -PRON- PRP 7960 1527 8 , , , 7960 1527 9 together together RB 7960 1527 10 with with IN 7960 1527 11 the the DT 7960 1527 12 long long JJ 7960 1527 13 stretch stretch NN 7960 1527 14 of of IN 7960 1527 15 mountain mountain NN 7960 1527 16 country country NN 7960 1527 17 extending extend VBG 7960 1527 18 from from IN 7960 1527 19 the the DT 7960 1527 20 Persian Persian NNP 7960 1527 21 Gulf Gulf NNP 7960 1527 22 to to IN 7960 1527 23 Asia Asia NNP 7960 1527 24 Minor Minor NNP 7960 1527 25 . . . 7960 1528 1 Babylonia Babylonia NNP 7960 1528 2 obtained obtain VBD 7960 1528 3 the the DT 7960 1528 4 western western JJ 7960 1528 5 half half NN 7960 1528 6 of of IN 7960 1528 7 the the DT 7960 1528 8 Assyrian assyrian JJ 7960 1528 9 domains domain NNS 7960 1528 10 , , , 7960 1528 11 including include VBG 7960 1528 12 the the DT 7960 1528 13 Euphrates Euphrates NNP 7960 1528 14 valley valley NN 7960 1528 15 and and CC 7960 1528 16 Syria Syria NNP 7960 1528 17 . . . 7960 1529 1 Under under IN 7960 1529 2 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 1529 3 famous famous JJ 7960 1529 4 king king NN 7960 1529 5 , , , 7960 1529 6 Nebuchadnezzar Nebuchadnezzar NNP 7960 1529 7 ( ( -LRB- 7960 1529 8 604 604 CD 7960 1529 9 - - SYM 7960 1529 10 561 561 CD 7960 1529 11 B.C. B.C. NNP 7960 1530 1 ) ) -RRB- 7960 1530 2 , , , 7960 1530 3 Babylonia Babylonia NNP 7960 1530 4 became become VBD 7960 1530 5 a a DT 7960 1530 6 great great JJ 7960 1530 7 power power NN 7960 1530 8 in in IN 7960 1530 9 the the DT 7960 1530 10 Orient Orient NNP 7960 1530 11 . . . 7960 1531 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 1531 2 was be VBD 7960 1531 3 Nebuchadnezzar Nebuchadnezzar NNP 7960 1531 4 who who WP 7960 1531 5 brought bring VBD 7960 1531 6 the the DT 7960 1531 7 kingdom kingdom NN 7960 1531 8 of of IN 7960 1531 9 Judea Judea NNP 7960 1531 10 to to IN 7960 1531 11 an an DT 7960 1531 12 end end NN 7960 1531 13 . . . 7960 1532 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 1532 2 captured capture VBD 7960 1532 3 Jerusalem Jerusalem NNP 7960 1532 4 in in IN 7960 1532 5 586 586 CD 7960 1532 6 B.C. B.C. NNP 7960 1532 7 , , , 7960 1532 8 burned burn VBD 7960 1532 9 the the DT 7960 1532 10 Temple Temple NNP 7960 1532 11 , , , 7960 1532 12 and and CC 7960 1532 13 carried carry VBD 7960 1532 14 away away RB 7960 1532 15 many many JJ 7960 1532 16 Jews Jews NNPS 7960 1532 17 into into IN 7960 1532 18 captivity captivity NN 7960 1532 19 . . . 7960 1533 1 The the DT 7960 1533 2 day day NN 7960 1533 3 of of IN 7960 1533 4 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 1533 5 deliverance deliverance NN 7960 1533 6 , , , 7960 1533 7 when when WRB 7960 1533 8 Babylon Babylon NNP 7960 1533 9 itself -PRON- PRP 7960 1533 10 should should MD 7960 1533 11 bow bow VB 7960 1533 12 to to IN 7960 1533 13 a a DT 7960 1533 14 foreign foreign JJ 7960 1533 15 foe foe NN 7960 1533 16 , , , 7960 1533 17 was be VBD 7960 1533 18 still still RB 7960 1533 19 far far RB 7960 1533 20 distant distant JJ 7960 1533 21 . . . 7960 1534 1 12 12 CD 7960 1534 2 . . . 7960 1535 1 THE the DT 7960 1535 2 WORLD world NN 7960 1535 3 EMPIRE empire NN 7960 1535 4 OF of IN 7960 1535 5 PERSIA PERSIA NNS 7960 1535 6 CYRUS cyru NNS 7960 1535 7 THE the DT 7960 1535 8 GREAT great JJ 7960 1535 9 , , , 7960 1535 10 553 553 CD 7960 1535 11 - - HYPH 7960 1535 12 529 529 CD 7960 1535 13 B.C. B.C. NNP 7960 1536 1 Not not RB 7960 1536 2 much much RB 7960 1536 3 earlier early RBR 7960 1536 4 than than IN 7960 1536 5 the the DT 7960 1536 6 break break NN 7960 1536 7 - - HYPH 7960 1536 8 up up NN 7960 1536 9 of of IN 7960 1536 10 the the DT 7960 1536 11 Assyrian Assyrian NNP 7960 1536 12 Empire Empire NNP 7960 1536 13 , , , 7960 1536 14 we -PRON- PRP 7960 1536 15 find find VBP 7960 1536 16 a a DT 7960 1536 17 new new JJ 7960 1536 18 and and CC 7960 1536 19 vigorous vigorous JJ 7960 1536 20 people people NNS 7960 1536 21 pressing press VBG 7960 1536 22 into into IN 7960 1536 23 western western JJ 7960 1536 24 Iran Iran NNP 7960 1536 25 . . . 7960 1537 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 1537 2 were be VBD 7960 1537 3 the the DT 7960 1537 4 Persians Persians NNPS 7960 1537 5 , , , 7960 1537 6 near near IN 7960 1537 7 kinsmen kinsman NNS 7960 1537 8 of of IN 7960 1537 9 the the DT 7960 1537 10 Medes Medes NNP 7960 1537 11 . . . 7960 1538 1 Subjects subject NNS 7960 1538 2 at at IN 7960 1538 3 first first RB 7960 1538 4 of of IN 7960 1538 5 Assyria Assyria NNP 7960 1538 6 , , , 7960 1538 7 and and CC 7960 1538 8 then then RB 7960 1538 9 of of IN 7960 1538 10 Media Media NNP 7960 1538 11 , , , 7960 1538 12 they -PRON- PRP 7960 1538 13 regained regain VBD 7960 1538 14 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 1538 15 independence independence NN 7960 1538 16 and and CC 7960 1538 17 secured secured JJ 7960 1538 18 imperial imperial JJ 7960 1538 19 power power NN 7960 1538 20 under under IN 7960 1538 21 a a DT 7960 1538 22 conquering conquering JJ 7960 1538 23 king king NN 7960 1538 24 whom whom WP 7960 1538 25 history history NN 7960 1538 26 knows know VBZ 7960 1538 27 as as IN 7960 1538 28 Cyrus Cyrus NNP 7960 1538 29 the the DT 7960 1538 30 Great great JJ 7960 1538 31 . . . 7960 1539 1 In in IN 7960 1539 2 553 553 CD 7960 1539 3 B.C. B.C. NNP 7960 1540 1 Cyrus Cyrus NNP 7960 1540 2 revolted revolt VBD 7960 1540 3 against against IN 7960 1540 4 the the DT 7960 1540 5 Median median JJ 7960 1540 6 monarch monarch NN 7960 1540 7 and and CC 7960 1540 8 three three CD 7960 1540 9 years year NNS 7960 1540 10 later later RB 7960 1540 11 captured capture VBD 7960 1540 12 the the DT 7960 1540 13 royal royal JJ 7960 1540 14 city city NN 7960 1540 15 of of IN 7960 1540 16 Ecbatana Ecbatana NNP 7960 1540 17 . . . 7960 1541 1 The the DT 7960 1541 2 Medes Medes NNP 7960 1541 3 and and CC 7960 1541 4 Persians Persians NNPS 7960 1541 5 formed form VBD 7960 1541 6 henceforth henceforth RB 7960 1541 7 a a DT 7960 1541 8 united united JJ 7960 1541 9 people people NNS 7960 1541 10 . . . 7960 1542 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 1542 2 Illustration illustration NN 7960 1542 3 : : : 7960 1542 4 THE the DT 7960 1542 5 TOMB tomb NN 7960 1542 6 OF of IN 7960 1542 7 CYRUS cyrus NN 7960 1542 8 THE the DT 7960 1542 9 GREAT great JJ 7960 1542 10 The the DT 7960 1542 11 mausoleum mausoleum NN 7960 1542 12 is be VBZ 7960 1542 13 built build VBN 7960 1542 14 of of IN 7960 1542 15 immense immense JJ 7960 1542 16 marble marble NN 7960 1542 17 blocks block NNS 7960 1542 18 joined join VBN 7960 1542 19 together together RB 7960 1542 20 without without IN 7960 1542 21 cement cement NN 7960 1542 22 . . . 7960 1543 1 Its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 1543 2 total total JJ 7960 1543 3 height height NN 7960 1543 4 including include VBG 7960 1543 5 the the DT 7960 1543 6 seven seven CD 7960 1543 7 steps step NNS 7960 1543 8 is be VBZ 7960 1543 9 about about RB 7960 1543 10 thirty thirty CD 7960 1543 11 five five CD 7960 1543 12 feet foot NNS 7960 1543 13 . . . 7960 1544 1 A a DT 7960 1544 2 solitary solitary JJ 7960 1544 3 pillar pillar NN 7960 1544 4 near near IN 7960 1544 5 the the DT 7960 1544 6 tomb tomb NN 7960 1544 7 still still RB 7960 1544 8 bears bear VBZ 7960 1544 9 the the DT 7960 1544 10 inscription inscription NN 7960 1544 11 ' ' '' 7960 1544 12 I -PRON- PRP 7960 1544 13 am be VBP 7960 1544 14 Cyrus Cyrus NNP 7960 1544 15 , , , 7960 1544 16 the the DT 7960 1544 17 King King NNP 7960 1544 18 , , , 7960 1544 19 the the DT 7960 1544 20 Achaemenian Achaemenian NNP 7960 1544 21 . . . 7960 1544 22 ' ' '' 7960 1544 23 ] ] -RRB- 7960 1545 1 CONQUEST conquest NN 7960 1545 2 OF of IN 7960 1545 3 LYDIA lydia NN 7960 1545 4 BY by IN 7960 1545 5 CYRUS CYRUS NNP 7960 1545 6 , , , 7960 1545 7 546 546 CD 7960 1545 8 B.C. B.C. NNP 7960 1546 1 The the DT 7960 1546 2 conquest conquest NN 7960 1546 3 of of IN 7960 1546 4 Media medium NNS 7960 1546 5 was be VBD 7960 1546 6 soon soon RB 7960 1546 7 followed follow VBN 7960 1546 8 by by IN 7960 1546 9 a a DT 7960 1546 10 war war NN 7960 1546 11 with with IN 7960 1546 12 the the DT 7960 1546 13 Lydians Lydians NNPS 7960 1546 14 , , , 7960 1546 15 who who WP 7960 1546 16 had have VBD 7960 1546 17 been be VBN 7960 1546 18 allies ally NNS 7960 1546 19 of of IN 7960 1546 20 the the DT 7960 1546 21 Medes Medes NNP 7960 1546 22 . . . 7960 1547 1 The the DT 7960 1547 2 throne throne NN 7960 1547 3 of of IN 7960 1547 4 Lydia Lydia NNP 7960 1547 5 , , , 7960 1547 6 a a DT 7960 1547 7 state state NN 7960 1547 8 in in IN 7960 1547 9 the the DT 7960 1547 10 western western JJ 7960 1547 11 part part NN 7960 1547 12 of of IN 7960 1547 13 Asia Asia NNP 7960 1547 14 Minor Minor NNP 7960 1547 15 , , , 7960 1547 16 was be VBD 7960 1547 17 at at IN 7960 1547 18 this this DT 7960 1547 19 time time NN 7960 1547 20 held hold VBN 7960 1547 21 by by IN 7960 1547 22 Croesus Croesus NNP 7960 1547 23 , , , 7960 1547 24 the the DT 7960 1547 25 last last JJ 7960 1547 26 and and CC 7960 1547 27 most most RBS 7960 1547 28 famous famous JJ 7960 1547 29 of of IN 7960 1547 30 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 1547 31 line line NN 7960 1547 32 . . . 7960 1548 1 The the DT 7960 1548 2 king king NN 7960 1548 3 grew grow VBD 7960 1548 4 so so RB 7960 1548 5 wealthy wealthy JJ 7960 1548 6 from from IN 7960 1548 7 the the DT 7960 1548 8 tribute tribute NN 7960 1548 9 paid pay VBN 7960 1548 10 by by IN 7960 1548 11 Lydian lydian JJ 7960 1548 12 subjects subject NNS 7960 1548 13 and and CC 7960 1548 14 from from IN 7960 1548 15 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 1548 16 gold gold NN 7960 1548 17 mines mine NNS 7960 1548 18 that that IN 7960 1548 19 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 1548 20 name name NN 7960 1548 21 has have VBZ 7960 1548 22 passed pass VBN 7960 1548 23 into into IN 7960 1548 24 the the DT 7960 1548 25 proverb proverb NN 7960 1548 26 , , , 7960 1548 27 " " '' 7960 1548 28 rich rich JJ 7960 1548 29 as as IN 7960 1548 30 Croesus Croesus NNP 7960 1548 31 . . . 7960 1548 32 " " '' 7960 1549 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 1549 2 viewed view VBD 7960 1549 3 with with IN 7960 1549 4 alarm alarm NN 7960 1549 5 the the DT 7960 1549 6 rising rise VBG 7960 1549 7 power power NN 7960 1549 8 of of IN 7960 1549 9 Cyrus Cyrus NNP 7960 1549 10 and and CC 7960 1549 11 rashly rashly RB 7960 1549 12 offered offer VBD 7960 1549 13 battle battle NN 7960 1549 14 to to IN 7960 1549 15 the the DT 7960 1549 16 Persian persian JJ 7960 1549 17 monarch monarch NN 7960 1549 18 . . . 7960 1550 1 Defeated defeat VBN 7960 1550 2 in in IN 7960 1550 3 the the DT 7960 1550 4 open open JJ 7960 1550 5 field field NN 7960 1550 6 , , , 7960 1550 7 Croesus Croesus NNP 7960 1550 8 shut shut VBD 7960 1550 9 himself -PRON- PRP 7960 1550 10 up up RP 7960 1550 11 in in IN 7960 1550 12 Sardis Sardis NNP 7960 1550 13 , , , 7960 1550 14 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 1550 15 capital capital NN 7960 1550 16 . . . 7960 1551 1 The the DT 7960 1551 2 city city NN 7960 1551 3 was be VBD 7960 1551 4 soon soon RB 7960 1551 5 taken take VBN 7960 1551 6 , , , 7960 1551 7 however however RB 7960 1551 8 , , , 7960 1551 9 and and CC 7960 1551 10 with with IN 7960 1551 11 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 1551 12 capture capture NN 7960 1551 13 the the DT 7960 1551 14 Lydian lydian JJ 7960 1551 15 kingdom kingdom NN 7960 1551 16 came come VBD 7960 1551 17 to to IN 7960 1551 18 an an DT 7960 1551 19 end end NN 7960 1551 20 . . . 7960 1552 1 CAPTURE CAPTURE NNP 7960 1552 2 OF of IN 7960 1552 3 BABYLON BABYLON NNP 7960 1552 4 , , , 7960 1552 5 539 539 CD 7960 1552 6 B.C. B.C. NNS 7960 1553 1 The the DT 7960 1553 2 downfall downfall NN 7960 1553 3 of of IN 7960 1553 4 Lydia Lydia NNP 7960 1553 5 prepared prepare VBD 7960 1553 6 the the DT 7960 1553 7 way way NN 7960 1553 8 for for IN 7960 1553 9 a a DT 7960 1553 10 Persian persian JJ 7960 1553 11 attack attack NN 7960 1553 12 on on IN 7960 1553 13 Babylonia Babylonia NNP 7960 1553 14 . . . 7960 1554 1 The the DT 7960 1554 2 conquest conquest NN 7960 1554 3 of of IN 7960 1554 4 that that DT 7960 1554 5 country country NN 7960 1554 6 proved prove VBD 7960 1554 7 unexpectedly unexpectedly RB 7960 1554 8 easy easy RB 7960 1554 9 . . . 7960 1555 1 In in IN 7960 1555 2 539 539 CD 7960 1555 3 B.C. B.C. NNS 7960 1556 1 the the DT 7960 1556 2 great great JJ 7960 1556 3 city city NN 7960 1556 4 of of IN 7960 1556 5 Babylon Babylon NNP 7960 1556 6 opened open VBD 7960 1556 7 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 1556 8 gates gate NNS 7960 1556 9 to to IN 7960 1556 10 the the DT 7960 1556 11 Persian persian JJ 7960 1556 12 host host NN 7960 1556 13 . . . 7960 1557 1 Shortly shortly RB 7960 1557 2 afterwards afterwards RB 7960 1557 3 Cyrus Cyrus NNP 7960 1557 4 issued issue VBD 7960 1557 5 a a DT 7960 1557 6 decree decree NN 7960 1557 7 allowing allow VBG 7960 1557 8 the the DT 7960 1557 9 Jewish jewish JJ 7960 1557 10 exiles exile NNS 7960 1557 11 there there RB 7960 1557 12 to to TO 7960 1557 13 return return VB 7960 1557 14 to to IN 7960 1557 15 Jerusalem Jerusalem NNP 7960 1557 16 and and CC 7960 1557 17 rebuild rebuild VB 7960 1557 18 the the DT 7960 1557 19 Temple Temple NNP 7960 1557 20 , , , 7960 1557 21 which which WDT 7960 1557 22 Nebuchadnezzar Nebuchadnezzar NNP 7960 1557 23 had have VBD 7960 1557 24 destroyed destroy VBN 7960 1557 25 . . . 7960 1558 1 With with IN 7960 1558 2 the the DT 7960 1558 3 surrender surrender NN 7960 1558 4 of of IN 7960 1558 5 Babylon Babylon NNP 7960 1558 6 the the DT 7960 1558 7 last last JJ 7960 1558 8 Semitic semitic JJ 7960 1558 9 empire empire NN 7960 1558 10 in in IN 7960 1558 11 the the DT 7960 1558 12 East East NNP 7960 1558 13 came come VBD 7960 1558 14 to to IN 7960 1558 15 an an DT 7960 1558 16 end end NN 7960 1558 17 . . . 7960 1559 1 The the DT 7960 1559 2 Medes Medes NNP 7960 1559 3 and and CC 7960 1559 4 Persians Persians NNPS 7960 1559 5 , , , 7960 1559 6 an an DT 7960 1559 7 Indo indo JJ 7960 1559 8 - - HYPH 7960 1559 9 European european JJ 7960 1559 10 people people NNS 7960 1559 11 , , , 7960 1559 12 henceforth henceforth RB 7960 1559 13 ruled rule VBD 7960 1559 14 over over IN 7960 1559 15 a a DT 7960 1559 16 wider wide JJR 7960 1559 17 realm realm NN 7960 1559 18 than than IN 7960 1559 19 ever ever RB 7960 1559 20 before before RB 7960 1559 21 had have VBD 7960 1559 22 been be VBN 7960 1559 23 formed form VBN 7960 1559 24 in in IN 7960 1559 25 Oriental oriental JJ 7960 1559 26 lands land NNS 7960 1559 27 . . . 7960 1560 1 CAMBYSES cambyses NN 7960 1560 2 , , , 7960 1560 3 529 529 CD 7960 1560 4 - - HYPH 7960 1560 5 522 522 CD 7960 1560 6 B.C. B.C. NNP 7960 1561 1 Cyrus Cyrus NNP 7960 1561 2 was be VBD 7960 1561 3 followed follow VBN 7960 1561 4 by by IN 7960 1561 5 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 1561 6 son son NN 7960 1561 7 , , , 7960 1561 8 Cambyses Cambyses NNP 7960 1561 9 , , , 7960 1561 10 a a DT 7960 1561 11 cruel cruel JJ 7960 1561 12 but but CC 7960 1561 13 stronghanded stronghanded JJ 7960 1561 14 despot despot NN 7960 1561 15 . . . 7960 1562 1 Cambyses cambyse NNS 7960 1562 2 determined determine VBD 7960 1562 3 to to TO 7960 1562 4 add add VB 7960 1562 5 Egypt Egypt NNP 7960 1562 6 to to IN 7960 1562 7 the the DT 7960 1562 8 Persian persian JJ 7960 1562 9 dominions dominion NNS 7960 1562 10 . . . 7960 1563 1 His -PRON- PRP$ 7960 1563 2 land land NN 7960 1563 3 army army NN 7960 1563 4 was be VBD 7960 1563 5 supported support VBN 7960 1563 6 by by IN 7960 1563 7 a a DT 7960 1563 8 powerful powerful JJ 7960 1563 9 fleet fleet NN 7960 1563 10 , , , 7960 1563 11 to to TO 7960 1563 12 which which WDT 7960 1563 13 the the DT 7960 1563 14 Phoenicians Phoenicians NNPS 7960 1563 15 and and CC 7960 1563 16 the the DT 7960 1563 17 Greeks Greeks NNPS 7960 1563 18 of of IN 7960 1563 19 Cyprus Cyprus NNP 7960 1563 20 contributed contribute VBD 7960 1563 21 ships ship NNS 7960 1563 22 . . . 7960 1564 1 A a DT 7960 1564 2 single single JJ 7960 1564 3 battle battle NN 7960 1564 4 sufficed suffice VBD 7960 1564 5 to to TO 7960 1564 6 overthrow overthrow VB 7960 1564 7 the the DT 7960 1564 8 Egyptian egyptian JJ 7960 1564 9 power power NN 7960 1564 10 and and CC 7960 1564 11 to to TO 7960 1564 12 bring bring VB 7960 1564 13 the the DT 7960 1564 14 long long JJ 7960 1564 15 rule rule NN 7960 1564 16 of of IN 7960 1564 17 the the DT 7960 1564 18 Pharaohs Pharaohs NNPS 7960 1564 19 to to IN 7960 1564 20 a a DT 7960 1564 21 close close NN 7960 1564 22 . . . 7960 1565 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 1565 2 12 12 CD 7960 1565 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 1565 4 DARIUS DARIUS NNP 7960 1565 5 THE the DT 7960 1565 6 GREAT great JJ 7960 1565 7 , , , 7960 1565 8 521 521 CD 7960 1565 9 - - HYPH 7960 1565 10 485 485 CD 7960 1565 11 B.C. B.C. NNS 7960 1566 1 The the DT 7960 1566 2 reign reign NN 7960 1566 3 of of IN 7960 1566 4 Darius Darius NNP 7960 1566 5 , , , 7960 1566 6 the the DT 7960 1566 7 successor successor NN 7960 1566 8 of of IN 7960 1566 9 Cambyses Cambyses NNP 7960 1566 10 , , , 7960 1566 11 was be VBD 7960 1566 12 marked mark VBN 7960 1566 13 by by IN 7960 1566 14 further further JJ 7960 1566 15 extensions extension NNS 7960 1566 16 of of IN 7960 1566 17 the the DT 7960 1566 18 frontiers frontier NNS 7960 1566 19 . . . 7960 1567 1 An an DT 7960 1567 2 expedition expedition NN 7960 1567 3 to to IN 7960 1567 4 the the DT 7960 1567 5 distant distant JJ 7960 1567 6 East East NNP 7960 1567 7 added add VBN 7960 1567 8 to to IN 7960 1567 9 the the DT 7960 1567 10 empire empire NN 7960 1567 11 the the DT 7960 1567 12 region region NN 7960 1567 13 of of IN 7960 1567 14 the the DT 7960 1567 15 Punjab Punjab NNP 7960 1567 16 , , , 7960 1567 17 [ [ -LRB- 7960 1567 18 13 13 CD 7960 1567 19 ] ] -RRB- 7960 1567 20 along along IN 7960 1567 21 the the DT 7960 1567 22 upper upper JJ 7960 1567 23 waters water NNS 7960 1567 24 of of IN 7960 1567 25 the the DT 7960 1567 26 Indus Indus NNP 7960 1567 27 . . . 7960 1568 1 Another another DT 7960 1568 2 expedition expedition NN 7960 1568 3 against against IN 7960 1568 4 the the DT 7960 1568 5 wild wild JJ 7960 1568 6 Scythian scythian JJ 7960 1568 7 tribes tribe NNS 7960 1568 8 along along IN 7960 1568 9 the the DT 7960 1568 10 Danube Danube NNP 7960 1568 11 led lead VBD 7960 1568 12 to to IN 7960 1568 13 conquests conquest NNS 7960 1568 14 in in IN 7960 1568 15 Europe Europe NNP 7960 1568 16 and and CC 7960 1568 17 brought bring VBD 7960 1568 18 the the DT 7960 1568 19 Persian persian JJ 7960 1568 20 dominions dominion NNS 7960 1568 21 close close JJ 7960 1568 22 to to IN 7960 1568 23 those those DT 7960 1568 24 of of IN 7960 1568 25 the the DT 7960 1568 26 Greeks Greeks NNPS 7960 1568 27 . . . 7960 1569 1 Not not RB 7960 1569 2 without without IN 7960 1569 3 reason reason NN 7960 1569 4 could could MD 7960 1569 5 Darius Darius NNP 7960 1569 6 describe describe VB 7960 1569 7 himself -PRON- PRP 7960 1569 8 in in IN 7960 1569 9 an an DT 7960 1569 10 inscription inscription NN 7960 1569 11 which which WDT 7960 1569 12 still still RB 7960 1569 13 survives survive VBZ 7960 1569 14 , , , 7960 1569 15 as as IN 7960 1569 16 " " `` 7960 1569 17 the the DT 7960 1569 18 great great JJ 7960 1569 19 king king NN 7960 1569 20 , , , 7960 1569 21 king king NN 7960 1569 22 of of IN 7960 1569 23 kings king NNS 7960 1569 24 , , , 7960 1569 25 king king NN 7960 1569 26 of of IN 7960 1569 27 countries country NNS 7960 1569 28 , , , 7960 1569 29 king king NN 7960 1569 30 of of IN 7960 1569 31 all all DT 7960 1569 32 men man NNS 7960 1569 33 . . . 7960 1569 34 " " '' 7960 1570 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 1570 2 Illustration illustration NN 7960 1570 3 : : : 7960 1570 4 DARIUS darius VB 7960 1570 5 WITH with IN 7960 1570 6 HIS his PRP$ 7960 1570 7 ATTENDANTS ATTENDANTS NNP 7960 1570 8 Bas Bas NNP 7960 1570 9 - - HYPH 7960 1570 10 relief relief NN 7960 1570 11 at at IN 7960 1570 12 Persepolis Persepolis NNP 7960 1570 13 . . . 7960 1571 1 The the DT 7960 1571 2 monarch monarch NN 7960 1571 3 's 's POS 7960 1571 4 right right JJ 7960 1571 5 hand hand NN 7960 1571 6 grasps grasp VBZ 7960 1571 7 a a DT 7960 1571 8 staff staff NN 7960 1571 9 or or CC 7960 1571 10 scepter scepter NN 7960 1571 11 , , , 7960 1571 12 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 1571 13 left left JJ 7960 1571 14 hand hand NN 7960 1571 15 , , , 7960 1571 16 a a DT 7960 1571 17 bunch bunch NN 7960 1571 18 of of IN 7960 1571 19 flowers flower NNS 7960 1571 20 . . . 7960 1572 1 His -PRON- PRP$ 7960 1572 2 head head NN 7960 1572 3 is be VBZ 7960 1572 4 surmounted surmount VBN 7960 1572 5 by by IN 7960 1572 6 a a DT 7960 1572 7 crown crown NN 7960 1572 8 , , , 7960 1572 9 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 1572 10 body body NN 7960 1572 11 is be VBZ 7960 1572 12 enveloped envelop VBN 7960 1572 13 in in IN 7960 1572 14 the the DT 7960 1572 15 long long JJ 7960 1572 16 Median median JJ 7960 1572 17 mantle mantle NN 7960 1572 18 . . . 7960 1573 1 Above above IN 7960 1573 2 the the DT 7960 1573 3 king king NN 7960 1573 4 is be VBZ 7960 1573 5 a a DT 7960 1573 6 representation representation NN 7960 1573 7 of of IN 7960 1573 8 the the DT 7960 1573 9 divinity divinity NN 7960 1573 10 which which WDT 7960 1573 11 guarded guard VBD 7960 1573 12 and and CC 7960 1573 13 guided guide VBD 7960 1573 14 him -PRON- PRP 7960 1573 15 . . . 7960 1574 1 In in IN 7960 1574 2 the the DT 7960 1574 3 rear rear NN 7960 1574 4 are be VBP 7960 1574 5 two two CD 7960 1574 6 Persian persian JJ 7960 1574 7 nobles noble NNS 7960 1574 8 , , , 7960 1574 9 one one CD 7960 1574 10 carrying carry VBG 7960 1574 11 the the DT 7960 1574 12 royal royal JJ 7960 1574 13 fan fan NN 7960 1574 14 , , , 7960 1574 15 the the DT 7960 1574 16 other other JJ 7960 1574 17 the the DT 7960 1574 18 royal royal NNP 7960 1574 19 parasol parasol NN 7960 1574 20 . . . 7960 1574 21 ] ] -RRB- 7960 1575 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 1575 2 Illustration illustration NN 7960 1575 3 : : : 7960 1575 4 ROCK ROCK NNP 7960 1575 5 SEPULCHERS sepulcher NNS 7960 1575 6 OF of IN 7960 1575 7 THE the DT 7960 1575 8 PERSIAN PERSIAN NNP 7960 1575 9 KINGS king VBZ 7960 1575 10 The the DT 7960 1575 11 tombs tomb NNS 7960 1575 12 are be VBP 7960 1575 13 those those DT 7960 1575 14 of of IN 7960 1575 15 Darius Darius NNP 7960 1575 16 , , , 7960 1575 17 Xerxes Xerxes NNP 7960 1575 18 , , , 7960 1575 19 and and CC 7960 1575 20 two two CD 7960 1575 21 of of IN 7960 1575 22 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 1575 23 successors successor NNS 7960 1575 24 . . . 7960 1576 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 1576 2 are be VBP 7960 1576 3 near near IN 7960 1576 4 Persepolis Persepolis NNP 7960 1576 5 . . . 7960 1576 6 ] ] -RRB- 7960 1577 1 ORGANIZATION ORGANIZATION NNP 7960 1577 2 OF of IN 7960 1577 3 THE the DT 7960 1577 4 PERSIAN PERSIAN NNP 7960 1577 5 EMPIRE EMPIRE NNP 7960 1577 6 It -PRON- PRP 7960 1577 7 was be VBD 7960 1577 8 the the DT 7960 1577 9 work work NN 7960 1577 10 of of IN 7960 1577 11 Darius Darius NNP 7960 1577 12 to to TO 7960 1577 13 provide provide VB 7960 1577 14 for for IN 7960 1577 15 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 1577 16 dominions dominion NNS 7960 1577 17 a a DT 7960 1577 18 stable stable JJ 7960 1577 19 government government NN 7960 1577 20 which which WDT 7960 1577 21 should should MD 7960 1577 22 preserve preserve VB 7960 1577 23 what what WP 7960 1577 24 the the DT 7960 1577 25 sword sword NN 7960 1577 26 had have VBD 7960 1577 27 won win VBN 7960 1577 28 . . . 7960 1578 1 The the DT 7960 1578 2 problem problem NN 7960 1578 3 was be VBD 7960 1578 4 difficult difficult JJ 7960 1578 5 . . . 7960 1579 1 The the DT 7960 1579 2 empire empire NN 7960 1579 3 was be VBD 7960 1579 4 a a DT 7960 1579 5 collection collection NN 7960 1579 6 of of IN 7960 1579 7 many many JJ 7960 1579 8 peoples people NNS 7960 1579 9 widely widely RB 7960 1579 10 different different JJ 7960 1579 11 in in IN 7960 1579 12 race race NN 7960 1579 13 , , , 7960 1579 14 language language NN 7960 1579 15 , , , 7960 1579 16 customs custom NNS 7960 1579 17 , , , 7960 1579 18 and and CC 7960 1579 19 religion religion NN 7960 1579 20 . . . 7960 1580 1 Darius Darius NNP 7960 1580 2 did do VBD 7960 1580 3 not not RB 7960 1580 4 attempt attempt VB 7960 1580 5 to to TO 7960 1580 6 weld weld VB 7960 1580 7 the the DT 7960 1580 8 conquered conquered JJ 7960 1580 9 nations nation NNS 7960 1580 10 into into IN 7960 1580 11 unity unity NN 7960 1580 12 . . . 7960 1581 1 As as RB 7960 1581 2 long long RB 7960 1581 3 as as IN 7960 1581 4 the the DT 7960 1581 5 subjects subject NNS 7960 1581 6 of of IN 7960 1581 7 Persia Persia NNP 7960 1581 8 paid pay VBD 7960 1581 9 tribute tribute NN 7960 1581 10 and and CC 7960 1581 11 furnished furnish VBD 7960 1581 12 troops troop NNS 7960 1581 13 for for IN 7960 1581 14 the the DT 7960 1581 15 royal royal JJ 7960 1581 16 army army NN 7960 1581 17 , , , 7960 1581 18 they -PRON- PRP 7960 1581 19 were be VBD 7960 1581 20 allowed allow VBN 7960 1581 21 to to TO 7960 1581 22 conduct conduct VB 7960 1581 23 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 1581 24 own own JJ 7960 1581 25 affairs affair NNS 7960 1581 26 with with IN 7960 1581 27 little little JJ 7960 1581 28 interference interference NN 7960 1581 29 from from IN 7960 1581 30 the the DT 7960 1581 31 Great great JJ 7960 1581 32 King King NNP 7960 1581 33 . . . 7960 1582 1 THE the DT 7960 1582 2 SATRAPAL satrapal NN 7960 1582 3 SYSTEM system VBP 7960 1582 4 The the DT 7960 1582 5 entire entire JJ 7960 1582 6 empire empire NN 7960 1582 7 , , , 7960 1582 8 excluding exclude VBG 7960 1582 9 Persia Persia NNP 7960 1582 10 proper proper JJ 7960 1582 11 , , , 7960 1582 12 was be VBD 7960 1582 13 divided divide VBN 7960 1582 14 into into IN 7960 1582 15 twenty twenty CD 7960 1582 16 satrapies satrapie NNS 7960 1582 17 , , , 7960 1582 18 or or CC 7960 1582 19 provinces province NNS 7960 1582 20 , , , 7960 1582 21 each each DT 7960 1582 22 one one NN 7960 1582 23 with with IN 7960 1582 24 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 1582 25 civil civil JJ 7960 1582 26 governor governor NN 7960 1582 27 , , , 7960 1582 28 or or CC 7960 1582 29 satrap satrap NN 7960 1582 30 . . . 7960 1583 1 The the DT 7960 1583 2 satraps satrap NNS 7960 1583 3 carried carry VBD 7960 1583 4 out out RP 7960 1583 5 the the DT 7960 1583 6 laws law NNS 7960 1583 7 and and CC 7960 1583 8 collected collect VBD 7960 1583 9 the the DT 7960 1583 10 heavy heavy JJ 7960 1583 11 tribute tribute NN 7960 1583 12 annually annually RB 7960 1583 13 levied levy VBD 7960 1583 14 throughout throughout IN 7960 1583 15 the the DT 7960 1583 16 empire empire NN 7960 1583 17 . . . 7960 1584 1 In in IN 7960 1584 2 most most JJS 7960 1584 3 of of IN 7960 1584 4 the the DT 7960 1584 5 provinces province NNS 7960 1584 6 there there EX 7960 1584 7 were be VBD 7960 1584 8 also also RB 7960 1584 9 military military JJ 7960 1584 10 governors governor NNS 7960 1584 11 who who WP 7960 1584 12 commanded command VBD 7960 1584 13 the the DT 7960 1584 14 army army NN 7960 1584 15 and and CC 7960 1584 16 reported report VBD 7960 1584 17 directly directly RB 7960 1584 18 to to IN 7960 1584 19 the the DT 7960 1584 20 king king NN 7960 1584 21 . . . 7960 1585 1 This this DT 7960 1585 2 device device NN 7960 1585 3 of of IN 7960 1585 4 intrusting intrust VBG 7960 1585 5 the the DT 7960 1585 6 civil civil JJ 7960 1585 7 and and CC 7960 1585 8 military military JJ 7960 1585 9 functions function NNS 7960 1585 10 to to TO 7960 1585 11 separate separate JJ 7960 1585 12 officials official NNS 7960 1585 13 lessened lessen VBD 7960 1585 14 the the DT 7960 1585 15 danger danger NN 7960 1585 16 of of IN 7960 1585 17 revolts revolt NNS 7960 1585 18 against against IN 7960 1585 19 the the DT 7960 1585 20 Persian persian JJ 7960 1585 21 authority authority NN 7960 1585 22 . . . 7960 1586 1 As as IN 7960 1586 2 an an DT 7960 1586 3 additional additional JJ 7960 1586 4 precaution precaution NN 7960 1586 5 Darius Darius NNP 7960 1586 6 provided provide VBD 7960 1586 7 special special JJ 7960 1586 8 agents agent NNS 7960 1586 9 whose whose WP$ 7960 1586 10 business business NN 7960 1586 11 it -PRON- PRP 7960 1586 12 was be VBD 7960 1586 13 to to TO 7960 1586 14 travel travel VB 7960 1586 15 from from IN 7960 1586 16 province province NN 7960 1586 17 to to IN 7960 1586 18 province province NN 7960 1586 19 and and CC 7960 1586 20 investigate investigate VB 7960 1586 21 the the DT 7960 1586 22 conduct conduct NN 7960 1586 23 of of IN 7960 1586 24 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 1586 25 officials official NNS 7960 1586 26 . . . 7960 1587 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 1587 2 became become VBD 7960 1587 3 a a DT 7960 1587 4 proverb proverb NN 7960 1587 5 that that IN 7960 1587 6 " " `` 7960 1587 7 the the DT 7960 1587 8 king king NN 7960 1587 9 has have VBZ 7960 1587 10 many many JJ 7960 1587 11 eyes eye NNS 7960 1587 12 and and CC 7960 1587 13 many many JJ 7960 1587 14 ears ear NNS 7960 1587 15 . . . 7960 1587 16 " " '' 7960 1588 1 PERSIAN PERSIAN NNP 7960 1588 2 ROADS ROADS NNP 7960 1588 3 Darius Darius NNP 7960 1588 4 also also RB 7960 1588 5 established establish VBD 7960 1588 6 a a DT 7960 1588 7 system system NN 7960 1588 8 of of IN 7960 1588 9 military military JJ 7960 1588 10 roads road NNS 7960 1588 11 throughout throughout IN 7960 1588 12 the the DT 7960 1588 13 Persian persian JJ 7960 1588 14 dominions dominion NNS 7960 1588 15 . . . 7960 1589 1 The the DT 7960 1589 2 roads road NNS 7960 1589 3 were be VBD 7960 1589 4 provided provide VBN 7960 1589 5 at at IN 7960 1589 6 frequent frequent JJ 7960 1589 7 intervals interval NNS 7960 1589 8 with with IN 7960 1589 9 inns inn NNS 7960 1589 10 , , , 7960 1589 11 where where WRB 7960 1589 12 postmen postman NNS 7960 1589 13 stood stand VBD 7960 1589 14 always always RB 7960 1589 15 in in IN 7960 1589 16 readiness readiness NN 7960 1589 17 to to TO 7960 1589 18 take take VB 7960 1589 19 up up RP 7960 1589 20 a a DT 7960 1589 21 letter letter NN 7960 1589 22 and and CC 7960 1589 23 carry carry VB 7960 1589 24 it -PRON- PRP 7960 1589 25 to to IN 7960 1589 26 the the DT 7960 1589 27 next next JJ 7960 1589 28 station station NN 7960 1589 29 . . . 7960 1590 1 The the DT 7960 1590 2 Royal Royal NNP 7960 1590 3 Road Road NNP 7960 1590 4 from from IN 7960 1590 5 Susa Susa NNP 7960 1590 6 , , , 7960 1590 7 the the DT 7960 1590 8 Persian persian JJ 7960 1590 9 capital capital NN 7960 1590 10 , , , 7960 1590 11 to to IN 7960 1590 12 Sardis Sardis NNP 7960 1590 13 in in IN 7960 1590 14 Lydia Lydia NNP 7960 1590 15 was be VBD 7960 1590 16 over over IN 7960 1590 17 fifteen fifteen CD 7960 1590 18 hundred hundred CD 7960 1590 19 miles mile NNS 7960 1590 20 long long RB 7960 1590 21 ; ; : 7960 1590 22 but but CC 7960 1590 23 government government NN 7960 1590 24 couriers courier NNS 7960 1590 25 , , , 7960 1590 26 using use VBG 7960 1590 27 relays relay NNS 7960 1590 28 of of IN 7960 1590 29 fresh fresh JJ 7960 1590 30 horses horse NNS 7960 1590 31 , , , 7960 1590 32 could could MD 7960 1590 33 cover cover VB 7960 1590 34 the the DT 7960 1590 35 distance distance NN 7960 1590 36 within within IN 7960 1590 37 a a DT 7960 1590 38 week week NN 7960 1590 39 . . . 7960 1591 1 An an DT 7960 1591 2 old old JJ 7960 1591 3 Greek greek JJ 7960 1591 4 writer writer NN 7960 1591 5 declares declare VBZ 7960 1591 6 with with IN 7960 1591 7 admiration admiration NN 7960 1591 8 that that IN 7960 1591 9 " " `` 7960 1591 10 there there EX 7960 1591 11 is be VBZ 7960 1591 12 nothing nothing NN 7960 1591 13 mortal mortal JJ 7960 1591 14 more more JJR 7960 1591 15 swift swift JJ 7960 1591 16 than than IN 7960 1591 17 these these DT 7960 1591 18 messengers messenger NNS 7960 1591 19 . . . 7960 1591 20 " " '' 7960 1592 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 1592 2 14 14 CD 7960 1592 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 1592 4 UNION UNION NNP 7960 1592 5 OF of IN 7960 1592 6 THE the DT 7960 1592 7 EAST EAST NNP 7960 1592 8 UNDER under IN 7960 1592 9 PERSIA PERSIA NNS 7960 1592 10 The the DT 7960 1592 11 political political JJ 7960 1592 12 history history NN 7960 1592 13 of of IN 7960 1592 14 the the DT 7960 1592 15 East East NNP 7960 1592 16 fitly fitly RB 7960 1592 17 ends end VBZ 7960 1592 18 with with IN 7960 1592 19 the the DT 7960 1592 20 three three CD 7960 1592 21 Persian persian JJ 7960 1592 22 conquerors conqueror NNS 7960 1592 23 , , , 7960 1592 24 Cyrus Cyrus NNP 7960 1592 25 , , , 7960 1592 26 Cambyses Cambyses NNP 7960 1592 27 , , , 7960 1592 28 and and CC 7960 1592 29 Darius Darius NNP 7960 1592 30 , , , 7960 1592 31 who who WP 7960 1592 32 thus thus RB 7960 1592 33 brought bring VBD 7960 1592 34 into into IN 7960 1592 35 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 1592 36 huge huge JJ 7960 1592 37 empire empire NN 7960 1592 38 every every DT 7960 1592 39 great great JJ 7960 1592 40 state state NN 7960 1592 41 of of IN 7960 1592 42 Oriental oriental JJ 7960 1592 43 antiquity antiquity NN 7960 1592 44 . . . 7960 1593 1 Medes Medes NNP 7960 1593 2 and and CC 7960 1593 3 Persians Persians NNPS 7960 1593 4 , , , 7960 1593 5 Babylonians Babylonians NNPS 7960 1593 6 and and CC 7960 1593 7 Assyrians Assyrians NNPS 7960 1593 8 , , , 7960 1593 9 Lydians Lydians NNPS 7960 1593 10 , , , 7960 1593 11 Syrians Syrians NNPS 7960 1593 12 , , , 7960 1593 13 and and CC 7960 1593 14 Egyptians Egyptians NNPS 7960 1593 15 -- -- : 7960 1593 16 all all DT 7960 1593 17 were be VBD 7960 1593 18 at at IN 7960 1593 19 length length NN 7960 1593 20 united unite VBN 7960 1593 21 under under IN 7960 1593 22 a a DT 7960 1593 23 single single JJ 7960 1593 24 dominion dominion NN 7960 1593 25 . . . 7960 1594 1 In in IN 7960 1594 2 the the DT 7960 1594 3 reign reign NN 7960 1594 4 of of IN 7960 1594 5 Darius Darius NNP 7960 1594 6 this this DT 7960 1594 7 united unite VBD 7960 1594 8 Orient Orient NNP 7960 1594 9 first first RB 7960 1594 10 comes come VBZ 7960 1594 11 into into IN 7960 1594 12 contact contact NN 7960 1594 13 with with IN 7960 1594 14 the the DT 7960 1594 15 rising rise VBG 7960 1594 16 power power NN 7960 1594 17 of of IN 7960 1594 18 the the DT 7960 1594 19 Greek greek JJ 7960 1594 20 states state NNS 7960 1594 21 of of IN 7960 1594 22 Europe Europe NNP 7960 1594 23 . . . 7960 1595 1 So so RB 7960 1595 2 we -PRON- PRP 7960 1595 3 may may MD 7960 1595 4 leave leave VB 7960 1595 5 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 1595 6 history history NN 7960 1595 7 here here RB 7960 1595 8 , , , 7960 1595 9 resuming resume VBG 7960 1595 10 our -PRON- PRP$ 7960 1595 11 narrative narrative NN 7960 1595 12 when when WRB 7960 1595 13 we -PRON- PRP 7960 1595 14 discuss discuss VBP 7960 1595 15 the the DT 7960 1595 16 momentous momentous JJ 7960 1595 17 conflict conflict NN 7960 1595 18 between between IN 7960 1595 19 Persia Persia NNP 7960 1595 20 and and CC 7960 1595 21 Greece Greece NNP 7960 1595 22 , , , 7960 1595 23 which which WDT 7960 1595 24 was be VBD 7960 1595 25 to to TO 7960 1595 26 affect affect VB 7960 1595 27 the the DT 7960 1595 28 course course NN 7960 1595 29 , , , 7960 1595 30 not not RB 7960 1595 31 alone alone RB 7960 1595 32 of of IN 7960 1595 33 Persian Persian NNP 7960 1595 34 or or CC 7960 1595 35 Greek Greek NNP 7960 1595 36 , , , 7960 1595 37 but but CC 7960 1595 38 of of IN 7960 1595 39 all all DT 7960 1595 40 European european JJ 7960 1595 41 history history NN 7960 1595 42 . . . 7960 1596 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 1596 2 15 15 CD 7960 1596 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 1596 4 [ [ -LRB- 7960 1596 5 Illustration illustration NN 7960 1596 6 : : : 7960 1596 7 Map Map NNP 7960 1596 8 , , , 7960 1596 9 THE the DT 7960 1596 10 PERSIAN PERSIAN NNP 7960 1596 11 EMPIRE EMPIRE NNP 7960 1596 12 AT at IN 7960 1596 13 ITS its PRP$ 7960 1596 14 GREATEST greatest NN 7960 1596 15 EXTENT extent NN 7960 1596 16 ( ( -LRB- 7960 1596 17 About about RB 7960 1596 18 500 500 CD 7960 1596 19 B. B. NNP 7960 1596 20 C. C. NNP 7960 1596 21 ) ) -RRB- 7960 1596 22 ] ] -RRB- 7960 1596 23 STUDIES STUDIES NNP 7960 1596 24 1 1 CD 7960 1596 25 . . . 7960 1597 1 On on IN 7960 1597 2 the the DT 7960 1597 3 map map NN 7960 1597 4 Physical Physical NNP 7960 1597 5 Map Map NNP 7960 1597 6 of of IN 7960 1597 7 Asia Asia NNP 7960 1597 8 , , , 7960 1597 9 section section NN 7960 1597 10 7 7 CD 7960 1597 11 . . . 7960 1598 1 Physical Physical NNP 7960 1598 2 Asia Asia NNP 7960 1598 3 , , , 7960 1598 4 topic topic NN 7960 1598 5 Grand Grand NNP 7960 1598 6 Divisions Divisions NNPS 7960 1598 7 of of IN 7960 1598 8 Asia Asia NNP 7960 1598 9 , , , 7960 1598 10 see see VB 7960 1598 11 what what WP 7960 1598 12 regions region NNS 7960 1598 13 of of IN 7960 1598 14 Asia Asia NNP 7960 1598 15 are be VBP 7960 1598 16 less less JJR 7960 1598 17 than than IN 7960 1598 18 500 500 CD 7960 1598 19 feet foot NNS 7960 1598 20 above above IN 7960 1598 21 sea sea NN 7960 1598 22 level level NN 7960 1598 23 ; ; : 7960 1598 24 less less JJR 7960 1598 25 than than IN 7960 1598 26 3000 3000 CD 7960 1598 27 feet foot NNS 7960 1598 28 ; ; , 7960 1598 29 less less JJR 7960 1598 30 than than IN 7960 1598 31 9000 9000 CD 7960 1598 32 feet foot NNS 7960 1598 33 ; ; , 7960 1598 34 less less JJR 7960 1598 35 than than IN 7960 1598 36 15,000 15,000 CD 7960 1598 37 feet foot NNS 7960 1598 38 ; ; : 7960 1598 39 over over IN 7960 1598 40 15,000 15,000 CD 7960 1598 41 feet foot NNS 7960 1598 42 . . . 7960 1599 1 2 2 LS 7960 1599 2 . . . 7960 1600 1 On on IN 7960 1600 2 an an DT 7960 1600 3 outline outline JJ 7960 1600 4 map map NN 7960 1600 5 of of IN 7960 1600 6 the the DT 7960 1600 7 Orient Orient NNP 7960 1600 8 indicate indicate VBP 7960 1600 9 eight eight CD 7960 1600 10 important important JJ 7960 1600 11 rivers river NNS 7960 1600 12 , , , 7960 1600 13 two two CD 7960 1600 14 gulfs gulf NNS 7960 1600 15 , , , 7960 1600 16 three three CD 7960 1600 17 inland inland NN 7960 1600 18 seas sea NNS 7960 1600 19 , , , 7960 1600 20 the the DT 7960 1600 21 great great JJ 7960 1600 22 plateaus plateaus NN 7960 1600 23 and and CC 7960 1600 24 plains plain NNS 7960 1600 25 , , , 7960 1600 26 the the DT 7960 1600 27 principal principal JJ 7960 1600 28 mountain mountain NN 7960 1600 29 ranges range VBZ 7960 1600 30 , , , 7960 1600 31 two two CD 7960 1600 32 important important JJ 7960 1600 33 passes pass NNS 7960 1600 34 , , , 7960 1600 35 and and CC 7960 1600 36 the the DT 7960 1600 37 various various JJ 7960 1600 38 countries country NNS 7960 1600 39 and and CC 7960 1600 40 cities city NNS 7960 1600 41 mentioned mention VBN 7960 1600 42 in in IN 7960 1600 43 this this DT 7960 1600 44 chapter chapter NN 7960 1600 45 . . . 7960 1601 1 3 3 LS 7960 1601 2 . . . 7960 1602 1 On on IN 7960 1602 2 an an DT 7960 1602 3 outline outline NN 7960 1602 4 map map NN 7960 1602 5 draw draw VB 7960 1602 6 the the DT 7960 1602 7 boundaries boundary NNS 7960 1602 8 of of IN 7960 1602 9 the the DT 7960 1602 10 Persian Persian NNP 7960 1602 11 Empire Empire NNP 7960 1602 12 under under IN 7960 1602 13 Darius Darius NNP 7960 1602 14 , , , 7960 1602 15 showing show VBG 7960 1602 16 what what WP 7960 1602 17 parts part NNS 7960 1602 18 were be VBD 7960 1602 19 conquered conquer VBN 7960 1602 20 by by IN 7960 1602 21 Cyrus Cyrus NNP 7960 1602 22 , , , 7960 1602 23 Cambyses Cambyses NNP 7960 1602 24 , , , 7960 1602 25 and and CC 7960 1602 26 Darius Darius NNP 7960 1602 27 , , , 7960 1602 28 respectively respectively RB 7960 1602 29 . . . 7960 1603 1 4 4 LS 7960 1603 2 . . . 7960 1604 1 For for IN 7960 1604 2 what what WP 7960 1604 3 were be VBD 7960 1604 4 the the DT 7960 1604 5 following follow VBG 7960 1604 6 places place NNS 7960 1604 7 noted note VBD 7960 1604 8 : : : 7960 1604 9 Jerusalem Jerusalem NNP 7960 1604 10 ; ; : 7960 1604 11 Thebes Thebes NNP 7960 1604 12 ; ; : 7960 1604 13 Tyre Tyre NNP 7960 1604 14 ; ; : 7960 1604 15 Nineveh Nineveh NNP 7960 1604 16 ; ; : 7960 1604 17 and and CC 7960 1604 18 Babylon Babylon NNP 7960 1604 19 ? ? . 7960 1605 1 5 5 CD 7960 1605 2 . . . 7960 1606 1 For for IN 7960 1606 2 what what WP 7960 1606 3 were be VBD 7960 1606 4 the the DT 7960 1606 5 following follow VBG 7960 1606 6 persons person NNS 7960 1606 7 famous famous JJ 7960 1606 8 : : : 7960 1606 9 Hammurabi Hammurabi NNP 7960 1606 10 ; ; : 7960 1606 11 Rameses rameses VB 7960 1606 12 II ii CD 7960 1606 13 ; ; : 7960 1606 14 Solomon Solomon NNP 7960 1606 15 ; ; : 7960 1606 16 Cyrus Cyrus NNP 7960 1606 17 ; ; : 7960 1606 18 Nebuchadnezzar Nebuchadnezzar NNP 7960 1606 19 ; ; : 7960 1606 20 and and CC 7960 1606 21 Darius Darius NNP 7960 1606 22 ? ? . 7960 1607 1 6 6 CD 7960 1607 2 . . . 7960 1608 1 Define define VB 7960 1608 2 and and CC 7960 1608 3 illustrate illustrate VB 7960 1608 4 these these DT 7960 1608 5 terms term NNS 7960 1608 6 : : : 7960 1608 7 empire empire NN 7960 1608 8 , , , 7960 1608 9 kingdom kingdom NN 7960 1608 10 , , , 7960 1608 11 province province NNP 7960 1608 12 , , , 7960 1608 13 tributary tributary JJ 7960 1608 14 state state NN 7960 1608 15 , , , 7960 1608 16 satrapy satrapy VB 7960 1608 17 . . . 7960 1609 1 7 7 LS 7960 1609 2 . . . 7960 1610 1 Identity identity NN 7960 1610 2 these these DT 7960 1610 3 dates date VBZ 7960 1610 4 : : : 7960 1610 5 606 606 CD 7960 1610 6 B.C. B.C. NNP 7960 1611 1 ; ; : 7960 1611 2 539 539 CD 7960 1611 3 B.C. B.C. NNS 7960 1612 1 ; ; : 7960 1612 2 and and CC 7960 1612 3 540 540 CD 7960 1612 4 B.C. B.C. NNS 7960 1613 1 8 8 LS 7960 1613 2 . . . 7960 1614 1 Why why WRB 7960 1614 2 was be VBD 7960 1614 3 India India NNP 7960 1614 4 better better RB 7960 1614 5 known know VBN 7960 1614 6 in in IN 7960 1614 7 ancient ancient JJ 7960 1614 8 times time NNS 7960 1614 9 than than IN 7960 1614 10 China China NNP 7960 1614 11 ? ? . 7960 1615 1 9 9 CD 7960 1615 2 . . . 7960 1616 1 What what WDT 7960 1616 2 modern modern JJ 7960 1616 3 countries country NNS 7960 1616 4 are be VBP 7960 1616 5 included include VBN 7960 1616 6 within within IN 7960 1616 7 the the DT 7960 1616 8 limits limit NNS 7960 1616 9 of of IN 7960 1616 10 ancient ancient JJ 7960 1616 11 Iran Iran NNP 7960 1616 12 ? ? . 7960 1617 1 10 10 CD 7960 1617 2 . . . 7960 1618 1 Why why WRB 7960 1618 2 was be VBD 7960 1618 3 a a DT 7960 1618 4 canal canal NN 7960 1618 5 through through IN 7960 1618 6 the the DT 7960 1618 7 isthmus isthmus NN 7960 1618 8 of of IN 7960 1618 9 Suez Suez NNP 7960 1618 10 less less RBR 7960 1618 11 needed need VBN 7960 1618 12 in in IN 7960 1618 13 ancient ancient JJ 7960 1618 14 times time NNS 7960 1618 15 than than IN 7960 1618 16 to to IN 7960 1618 17 - - HYPH 7960 1618 18 day day NN 7960 1618 19 ? ? . 7960 1619 1 11 11 CD 7960 1619 2 . . . 7960 1620 1 Can Can MD 7960 1620 2 you -PRON- PRP 7960 1620 3 suggest suggest VB 7960 1620 4 any any DT 7960 1620 5 reasons reason NNS 7960 1620 6 why why WRB 7960 1620 7 the the DT 7960 1620 8 sources source NNS 7960 1620 9 of of IN 7960 1620 10 the the DT 7960 1620 11 Nile Nile NNP 7960 1620 12 remained remain VBD 7960 1620 13 unknown unknown JJ 7960 1620 14 until until IN 7960 1620 15 late late RB 7960 1620 16 in in IN 7960 1620 17 the the DT 7960 1620 18 nineteenth nineteenth JJ 7960 1620 19 century century NN 7960 1620 20 ? ? . 7960 1621 1 12 12 CD 7960 1621 2 . . . 7960 1622 1 What what WP 7960 1622 2 is be VBZ 7960 1622 3 the the DT 7960 1622 4 origin origin NN 7960 1622 5 of of IN 7960 1622 6 the the DT 7960 1622 7 name name NN 7960 1622 8 _ _ NNP 7960 1622 9 Delta Delta NNP 7960 1622 10 _ _ NNP 7960 1622 11 applied apply VBD 7960 1622 12 to to IN 7960 1622 13 such such PDT 7960 1622 14 a a DT 7960 1622 15 region region NN 7960 1622 16 as as IN 7960 1622 17 Lower Lower NNP 7960 1622 18 Egypt Egypt NNP 7960 1622 19 ? ? . 7960 1623 1 13 13 CD 7960 1623 2 . . . 7960 1624 1 Comment comment NN 7960 1624 2 on on IN 7960 1624 3 the the DT 7960 1624 4 statement statement NN 7960 1624 5 : : : 7960 1624 6 " " `` 7960 1624 7 Egypt Egypt NNP 7960 1624 8 as as IN 7960 1624 9 a a DT 7960 1624 10 geographical geographical JJ 7960 1624 11 expression expression NN 7960 1624 12 is be VBZ 7960 1624 13 two two CD 7960 1624 14 things thing NNS 7960 1624 15 -- -- : 7960 1624 16 the the DT 7960 1624 17 Desert Desert NNP 7960 1624 18 and and CC 7960 1624 19 the the DT 7960 1624 20 Nile Nile NNP 7960 1624 21 . . . 7960 1625 1 As as IN 7960 1625 2 a a DT 7960 1625 3 habitable habitable JJ 7960 1625 4 country country NN 7960 1625 5 it -PRON- PRP 7960 1625 6 is be VBZ 7960 1625 7 only only RB 7960 1625 8 one one CD 7960 1625 9 thing thing NN 7960 1625 10 -- -- : 7960 1625 11 the the DT 7960 1625 12 Nile Nile NNP 7960 1625 13 . . . 7960 1625 14 " " '' 7960 1626 1 14 14 CD 7960 1626 2 . . . 7960 1627 1 Why why WRB 7960 1627 2 did do VBD 7960 1627 3 the the DT 7960 1627 4 Greek greek JJ 7960 1627 5 traveler traveler NN 7960 1627 6 , , , 7960 1627 7 Herodotus Herodotus NNP 7960 1627 8 , , , 7960 1627 9 call call VB 7960 1627 10 Egypt Egypt NNP 7960 1627 11 " " `` 7960 1627 12 the the DT 7960 1627 13 gift gift NN 7960 1627 14 of of IN 7960 1627 15 the the DT 7960 1627 16 Nile Nile NNP 7960 1627 17 " " '' 7960 1627 18 ? ? . 7960 1628 1 15 15 CD 7960 1628 2 . . . 7960 1629 1 Distinguish distinguish JJ 7960 1629 2 between between IN 7960 1629 3 Syria Syria NNP 7960 1629 4 and and CC 7960 1629 5 Assyria Assyria NNP 7960 1629 6 . . . 7960 1630 1 16 16 CD 7960 1630 2 . . . 7960 1631 1 What what WP 7960 1631 2 is be VBZ 7960 1631 3 the the DT 7960 1631 4 exact exact JJ 7960 1631 5 meaning meaning NN 7960 1631 6 of of IN 7960 1631 7 the the DT 7960 1631 8 words word NNS 7960 1631 9 , , , 7960 1631 10 _ _ NNP 7960 1631 11 Hebrew Hebrew NNP 7960 1631 12 _ _ NNP 7960 1631 13 , , , 7960 1631 14 _ _ NNP 7960 1631 15 Israelite Israelite NNP 7960 1631 16 _ _ NNP 7960 1631 17 , , , 7960 1631 18 and and CC 7960 1631 19 _ _ NNP 7960 1631 20 Jew Jew NNP 7960 1631 21 _ _ NNP 7960 1631 22 ? ? . 7960 1632 1 Describe describe VB 7960 1632 2 some some DT 7960 1632 3 features feature NNS 7960 1632 4 of of IN 7960 1632 5 Assyrian assyrian JJ 7960 1632 6 warfare warfare NN 7960 1632 7 ( ( -LRB- 7960 1632 8 illustration illustration NN 7960 1632 9 , , , 7960 1632 10 page page NN 7960 1632 11 35 35 CD 7960 1632 12 ) ) -RRB- 7960 1632 13 . . . 7960 1633 1 17 17 CD 7960 1633 2 . . . 7960 1634 1 What what WDT 7960 1634 2 modern modern JJ 7960 1634 3 countries country NNS 7960 1634 4 are be VBP 7960 1634 5 included include VBN 7960 1634 6 within within IN 7960 1634 7 the the DT 7960 1634 8 limits limit NNS 7960 1634 9 of of IN 7960 1634 10 the the DT 7960 1634 11 Persian Persian NNP 7960 1634 12 Empire Empire NNP 7960 1634 13 under under IN 7960 1634 14 Darius Darius NNP 7960 1634 15 ? ? . 7960 1635 1 18 18 CD 7960 1635 2 . . . 7960 1636 1 Trace trace NN 7960 1636 2 on on IN 7960 1636 3 the the DT 7960 1636 4 map map NN 7960 1636 5 facing face VBG 7960 1636 6 page page NN 7960 1636 7 40 40 CD 7960 1636 8 the the DT 7960 1636 9 course course NN 7960 1636 10 of of IN 7960 1636 11 the the DT 7960 1636 12 Royal Royal NNP 7960 1636 13 Road Road NNP 7960 1636 14 , , , 7960 1636 15 noting note VBG 7960 1636 16 the the DT 7960 1636 17 countries country NNS 7960 1636 18 through through IN 7960 1636 19 which which WDT 7960 1636 20 it -PRON- PRP 7960 1636 21 passed pass VBD 7960 1636 22 . . . 7960 1637 1 FOOTNOTES FOOTNOTES NNP 7960 1637 2 [ [ -LRB- 7960 1637 3 1 1 CD 7960 1637 4 ] ] -RRB- 7960 1637 5 Webster Webster NNP 7960 1637 6 , , , 7960 1637 7 _ _ NNP 7960 1637 8 Readings Readings NNP 7960 1637 9 in in IN 7960 1637 10 Ancient Ancient NNP 7960 1637 11 History History NNP 7960 1637 12 _ _ NNP 7960 1637 13 , , , 7960 1637 14 chapter chapter NN 7960 1637 15 ii ii NNP 7960 1637 16 , , , 7960 1637 17 " " `` 7960 1637 18 The the DT 7960 1637 19 Founders founder NNS 7960 1637 20 of of IN 7960 1637 21 the the DT 7960 1637 22 Persian persian JJ 7960 1637 23 Empire Empire NNP 7960 1637 24 : : : 7960 1637 25 Cyrus Cyrus NNP 7960 1637 26 , , , 7960 1637 27 Cambyses Cambyses NNP 7960 1637 28 , , , 7960 1637 29 and and CC 7960 1637 30 Darius Darius NNP 7960 1637 31 . . . 7960 1637 32 " " '' 7960 1638 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 1638 2 2 2 LS 7960 1638 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 1638 4 See see VB 7960 1638 5 page page NN 7960 1638 6 16 16 CD 7960 1638 7 . . . 7960 1639 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 1639 2 3 3 LS 7960 1639 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 1639 4 See see VB 7960 1639 5 page page NN 7960 1639 6 39 39 CD 7960 1639 7 . . . 7960 1640 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 1640 2 4 4 LS 7960 1640 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 1640 4 See see VB 7960 1640 5 page page NN 7960 1640 6 125 125 CD 7960 1640 7 . . . 7960 1641 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 1641 2 5 5 CD 7960 1641 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 1641 4 Herodotus Herodotus NNP 7960 1641 5 , , , 7960 1641 6 i i PRP 7960 1641 7 , , , 7960 1641 8 193 193 CD 7960 1641 9 . . . 7960 1642 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 1642 2 6 6 CD 7960 1642 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 1642 4 See see VB 7960 1642 5 page page NN 7960 1642 6 8 8 CD 7960 1642 7 . . . 7960 1643 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 1643 2 7 7 CD 7960 1643 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 1643 4 It -PRON- PRP 7960 1643 5 is be VBZ 7960 1643 6 interesting interesting JJ 7960 1643 7 to to TO 7960 1643 8 note note VB 7960 1643 9 that that IN 7960 1643 10 Hebrew hebrew JJ 7960 1643 11 tradition tradition NN 7960 1643 12 ( ( -LRB- 7960 1643 13 _ _ NNP 7960 1643 14 Genesis Genesis NNP 7960 1643 15 _ _ NNP 7960 1643 16 , , , 7960 1643 17 ii ii NNP 7960 1643 18 , , , 7960 1643 19 8 8 CD 7960 1643 20 - - SYM 7960 1643 21 15 15 CD 7960 1643 22 ) ) -RRB- 7960 1643 23 places place VBZ 7960 1643 24 Paradise Paradise NNP 7960 1643 25 , , , 7960 1643 26 the the DT 7960 1643 27 garden garden NN 7960 1643 28 of of IN 7960 1643 29 God God NNP 7960 1643 30 and and CC 7960 1643 31 original original JJ 7960 1643 32 home home NN 7960 1643 33 of of IN 7960 1643 34 man man NN 7960 1643 35 , , , 7960 1643 36 in in IN 7960 1643 37 southern southern JJ 7960 1643 38 Babylonia Babylonia NNP 7960 1643 39 . . . 7960 1644 1 The the DT 7960 1644 2 ancient ancient JJ 7960 1644 3 name name NN 7960 1644 4 for for IN 7960 1644 5 this this DT 7960 1644 6 district district NN 7960 1644 7 was be VBD 7960 1644 8 Edin Edin NNP 7960 1644 9 ( ( -LRB- 7960 1644 10 Eden Eden NNP 7960 1644 11 ) ) -RRB- 7960 1644 12 . . . 7960 1645 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 1645 2 8 8 LS 7960 1645 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 1645 4 The the DT 7960 1645 5 problem problem NN 7960 1645 6 of of IN 7960 1645 7 regulating regulate VBG 7960 1645 8 the the DT 7960 1645 9 Nile Nile NNP 7960 1645 10 inundation inundation NN 7960 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A.D. NNP 7960 1647 9 by by IN 7960 1647 10 the the DT 7960 1647 11 British british JJ 7960 1647 12 officials official NNS 7960 1647 13 who who WP 7960 1647 14 now now RB 7960 1647 15 control control VBP 7960 1647 16 Egypt Egypt NNP 7960 1647 17 . . . 7960 1648 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 1648 2 9 9 CD 7960 1648 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 1648 4 See see VB 7960 1648 5 page page NN 7960 1648 6 50 50 CD 7960 1648 7 . . . 7960 1649 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 1649 2 10 10 CD 7960 1649 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 1649 4 Judges Judges NNPS 7960 1649 5 , , , 7960 1649 6 xvii xvii NN 7960 1649 7 , , , 7960 1649 8 6 6 CD 7960 1649 9 . . . 7960 1650 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 1650 2 11 11 CD 7960 1650 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 1650 4 2 2 CD 7960 1650 5 _ _ NNP 7960 1650 6 Kings Kings NNPS 7960 1650 7 _ _ NNP 7960 1650 8 , , , 7960 1650 9 xix xix NNP 7960 1650 10 , , , 7960 1650 11 35 35 CD 7960 1650 12 . . . 7960 1651 1 See see VB 7960 1651 2 Byron Byron NNP 7960 1651 3 's 's POS 7960 1651 4 poem poem NN 7960 1651 5 , , , 7960 1651 6 _ _ NNP 7960 1651 7 The the DT 7960 1651 8 Destruction Destruction NNP 7960 1651 9 of of IN 7960 1651 10 Sennacherib Sennacherib NNP 7960 1651 11 _ _ NNP 7960 1651 12 . . . 7960 1652 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 1652 2 12 12 CD 7960 1652 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 1652 4 See see VB 7960 1652 5 page page NN 7960 1652 6 29 29 CD 7960 1652 7 . . . 7960 1653 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 1653 2 13 13 CD 7960 1653 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 1653 4 See see VB 7960 1653 5 page page NN 7960 1653 6 21 21 CD 7960 1653 7 . . . 7960 1654 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 1654 2 14 14 CD 7960 1654 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 1654 4 Herodotus Herodotus NNP 7960 1654 5 , , , 7960 1654 6 viii viii JJ 7960 1654 7 , , , 7960 1654 8 98 98 CD 7960 1654 9 . . . 7960 1655 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 1655 2 15 15 CD 7960 1655 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 1655 4 See see VB 7960 1655 5 chapter chapter NN 7960 1655 6 v. v. 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into into IN 7960 1719 15 the the DT 7960 1719 16 moist moist JJ 7960 1719 17 soil soil NN 7960 1719 18 . . . 7960 1720 1 We -PRON- PRP 7960 1720 2 watch watch VBP 7960 1720 3 the the DT 7960 1720 4 patient patient NN 7960 1720 5 laborers laborer NNS 7960 1720 6 as as IN 7960 1720 7 with with IN 7960 1720 8 hand hand NN 7960 1720 9 sickles sickle NNS 7960 1720 10 they -PRON- PRP 7960 1720 11 gather gather VBP 7960 1720 12 in in IN 7960 1720 13 the the DT 7960 1720 14 harvest harvest NN 7960 1720 15 and and CC 7960 1720 16 then then RB 7960 1720 17 with with IN 7960 1720 18 heavy heavy JJ 7960 1720 19 flails flail NNS 7960 1720 20 separate separate VBP 7960 1720 21 the the DT 7960 1720 22 chaff chaff NN 7960 1720 23 from from IN 7960 1720 24 the the DT 7960 1720 25 grain grain NN 7960 1720 26 . . . 7960 1721 1 Although although IN 7960 1721 2 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 1721 3 methods method NNS 7960 1721 4 were be VBD 7960 1721 5 very very RB 7960 1721 6 clumsy clumsy JJ 7960 1721 7 , , , 7960 1721 8 ancient ancient JJ 7960 1721 9 farmers farmer NNS 7960 1721 10 raised raise VBD 7960 1721 11 immense immense JJ 7960 1721 12 crops crop NNS 7960 1721 13 of of IN 7960 1721 14 wheat wheat NN 7960 1721 15 and and CC 7960 1721 16 barley barley NN 7960 1721 17 . . . 7960 1722 1 The the DT 7960 1722 2 soil soil NN 7960 1722 3 of of IN 7960 1722 4 Egypt Egypt NNP 7960 1722 5 and and CC 7960 1722 6 Babylonia Babylonia NNP 7960 1722 7 not not RB 7960 1722 8 only only RB 7960 1722 9 supported support VBD 7960 1722 10 a a DT 7960 1722 11 dense dense JJ 7960 1722 12 population population NN 7960 1722 13 , , , 7960 1722 14 but but CC 7960 1722 15 also also RB 7960 1722 16 supplied supply VBD 7960 1722 17 food food NN 7960 1722 18 for for IN 7960 1722 19 neighboring neighboring NN 7960 1722 20 peoples people NNS 7960 1722 21 . . . 7960 1723 1 These these DT 7960 1723 2 two two CD 7960 1723 3 lands land NNS 7960 1723 4 were be VBD 7960 1723 5 the the DT 7960 1723 6 granaries granary NNS 7960 1723 7 of of IN 7960 1723 8 the the DT 7960 1723 9 East East NNP 7960 1723 10 . . . 7960 1724 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 1724 2 Illustration illustration NN 7960 1724 3 : : : 7960 1724 4 PLOWING plowing NN 7960 1724 5 AND and CC 7960 1724 6 SOWING sowing NN 7960 1724 7 IN in IN 7960 1724 8 ANCIENT ANCIENT NNP 7960 1724 9 EGYPT EGYPT NNP 7960 1724 10 ] ] -RRB- 7960 1724 11 MANUFACTURING manufacture VBG 7960 1724 12 Many many JJ 7960 1724 13 industries industry NNS 7960 1724 14 of of IN 7960 1724 15 to to IN 7960 1724 16 - - HYPH 7960 1724 17 day day NN 7960 1724 18 were be VBD 7960 1724 19 known know VBN 7960 1724 20 in in IN 7960 1724 21 ancient ancient JJ 7960 1724 22 Egypt Egypt NNP 7960 1724 23 and and CC 7960 1724 24 Babylonia Babylonia NNP 7960 1724 25 . . . 7960 1725 1 There there EX 7960 1725 2 were be VBD 7960 1725 3 blacksmiths blacksmith NNS 7960 1725 4 , , , 7960 1725 5 carpenters carpenter NNS 7960 1725 6 , , , 7960 1725 7 stonecutters stonecutter NNS 7960 1725 8 , , , 7960 1725 9 workers worker NNS 7960 1725 10 in in IN 7960 1725 11 ivory ivory NN 7960 1725 12 , , , 7960 1725 13 silver silver NN 7960 1725 14 , , , 7960 1725 15 and and CC 7960 1725 16 gold gold NN 7960 1725 17 , , , 7960 1725 18 weavers weaver NNS 7960 1725 19 , , , 7960 1725 20 potters potter NNS 7960 1725 21 , , , 7960 1725 22 and and CC 7960 1725 23 glass glass NN 7960 1725 24 blowers blower NNS 7960 1725 25 . . . 7960 1726 1 The the DT 7960 1726 2 creations creation NNS 7960 1726 3 of of IN 7960 1726 4 these these DT 7960 1726 5 ancient ancient JJ 7960 1726 6 craftsmen craftsman NNS 7960 1726 7 often often RB 7960 1726 8 exhibit exhibit VBP 7960 1726 9 remarkable remarkable JJ 7960 1726 10 skill skill NN 7960 1726 11 . . . 7960 1727 1 Egyptian egyptian JJ 7960 1727 2 linens linen NNS 7960 1727 3 were be VBD 7960 1727 4 so so RB 7960 1727 5 wonderfully wonderfully RB 7960 1727 6 fine fine JJ 7960 1727 7 and and CC 7960 1727 8 transparent transparent JJ 7960 1727 9 as as IN 7960 1727 10 to to TO 7960 1727 11 merit merit VB 7960 1727 12 the the DT 7960 1727 13 name name NN 7960 1727 14 of of IN 7960 1727 15 " " `` 7960 1727 16 woven weave VBN 7960 1727 17 air air NN 7960 1727 18 . . . 7960 1727 19 " " '' 7960 1728 1 Babylonian babylonian JJ 7960 1728 2 tapestries tapestry NNS 7960 1728 3 , , , 7960 1728 4 carpets carpet NNS 7960 1728 5 , , , 7960 1728 6 and and CC 7960 1728 7 rugs rug NNS 7960 1728 8 enjoyed enjoy VBD 7960 1728 9 a a DT 7960 1728 10 high high JJ 7960 1728 11 reputation reputation NN 7960 1728 12 for for IN 7960 1728 13 beauty beauty NN 7960 1728 14 of of IN 7960 1728 15 design design NN 7960 1728 16 and and CC 7960 1728 17 color color NN 7960 1728 18 . . . 7960 1729 1 Egyptian egyptian JJ 7960 1729 2 glass glass NN 7960 1729 3 with with IN 7960 1729 4 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 1729 5 waving wave VBG 7960 1729 6 lines line NNS 7960 1729 7 of of IN 7960 1729 8 different different JJ 7960 1729 9 hues hue NNS 7960 1729 10 was be VBD 7960 1729 11 much much RB 7960 1729 12 prized prize VBN 7960 1729 13 . . . 7960 1730 1 Precious precious JJ 7960 1730 2 stones stone NNS 7960 1730 3 were be VBD 7960 1730 4 made make VBN 7960 1730 5 into into IN 7960 1730 6 beads bead NNS 7960 1730 7 , , , 7960 1730 8 necklaces necklace NNS 7960 1730 9 , , , 7960 1730 10 charms charm NNS 7960 1730 11 , , , 7960 1730 12 and and CC 7960 1730 13 seals seal NNS 7960 1730 14 . . . 7960 1731 1 The the DT 7960 1731 2 precious precious JJ 7960 1731 3 metals metal NNS 7960 1731 4 were be VBD 7960 1731 5 employed employ VBN 7960 1731 6 for for IN 7960 1731 7 a a DT 7960 1731 8 great great JJ 7960 1731 9 variety variety NN 7960 1731 10 of of IN 7960 1731 11 ornaments ornament NNS 7960 1731 12 . . . 7960 1732 1 Egyptian egyptian JJ 7960 1732 2 paintings painting NNS 7960 1732 3 show show VBP 7960 1732 4 the the DT 7960 1732 5 goldsmiths goldsmith NNS 7960 1732 6 at at IN 7960 1732 7 work work NN 7960 1732 8 with with IN 7960 1732 9 blowpipe blowpipe NN 7960 1732 10 and and CC 7960 1732 11 forceps forceps NNS 7960 1732 12 , , , 7960 1732 13 fashioning fashion VBG 7960 1732 14 bracelets bracelet NNS 7960 1732 15 , , , 7960 1732 16 rings ring NNS 7960 1732 17 , , , 7960 1732 18 and and CC 7960 1732 19 diadems diadem NNS 7960 1732 20 , , , 7960 1732 21 inlaying inlay VBG 7960 1732 22 objects object NNS 7960 1732 23 of of IN 7960 1732 24 stone stone NN 7960 1732 25 and and CC 7960 1732 26 wood wood NN 7960 1732 27 , , , 7960 1732 28 or or CC 7960 1732 29 covering cover VBG 7960 1732 30 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 1732 31 surfaces surface NNS 7960 1732 32 with with IN 7960 1732 33 fine fine JJ 7960 1732 34 gold gold NN 7960 1732 35 leaf leaf NN 7960 1732 36 . . . 7960 1733 1 The the DT 7960 1733 2 manufacture manufacture NN 7960 1733 3 of of IN 7960 1733 4 tiles tile NNS 7960 1733 5 and and CC 7960 1733 6 glazed glazed JJ 7960 1733 7 pottery pottery NN 7960 1733 8 was be VBD 7960 1733 9 everywhere everywhere RB 7960 1733 10 carried carry VBN 7960 1733 11 on on RP 7960 1733 12 . . . 7960 1734 1 Babylonia Babylonia NNP 7960 1734 2 is be VBZ 7960 1734 3 believed believe VBN 7960 1734 4 to to TO 7960 1734 5 be be VB 7960 1734 6 the the DT 7960 1734 7 original original JJ 7960 1734 8 home home NN 7960 1734 9 of of IN 7960 1734 10 porcelain porcelain NN 7960 1734 11 . . . 7960 1735 1 Enameled enamel VBN 7960 1735 2 bricks brick NNS 7960 1735 3 found find VBD 7960 1735 4 there there EX 7960 1735 5 are be VBP 7960 1735 6 unsurpassed unsurpasse VBN 7960 1735 7 by by IN 7960 1735 8 the the DT 7960 1735 9 best good JJS 7960 1735 10 products product NNS 7960 1735 11 of of IN 7960 1735 12 the the DT 7960 1735 13 present present JJ 7960 1735 14 day day NN 7960 1735 15 . . . 7960 1736 1 TRADE trade VB 7960 1736 2 The the DT 7960 1736 3 development development NN 7960 1736 4 of of IN 7960 1736 5 the the DT 7960 1736 6 arts art NNS 7960 1736 7 and and CC 7960 1736 8 crafts craft NNS 7960 1736 9 brought bring VBD 7960 1736 10 a a DT 7960 1736 11 new new JJ 7960 1736 12 industrial industrial JJ 7960 1736 13 class class NN 7960 1736 14 into into IN 7960 1736 15 existence existence NN 7960 1736 16 . . . 7960 1737 1 There there EX 7960 1737 2 was be VBD 7960 1737 3 now now RB 7960 1737 4 need need NN 7960 1737 5 of of IN 7960 1737 6 merchants merchant NNS 7960 1737 7 and and CC 7960 1737 8 shopkeepers shopkeeper NNS 7960 1737 9 to to TO 7960 1737 10 collect collect VB 7960 1737 11 manufactured manufactured JJ 7960 1737 12 products product NNS 7960 1737 13 where where WRB 7960 1737 14 they -PRON- PRP 7960 1737 15 could could MD 7960 1737 16 be be VB 7960 1737 17 readily readily RB 7960 1737 18 bought buy VBN 7960 1737 19 and and CC 7960 1737 20 sold sell VBN 7960 1737 21 . . . 7960 1738 1 The the DT 7960 1738 2 cities city NNS 7960 1738 3 of of IN 7960 1738 4 Babylonia Babylonia NNP 7960 1738 5 , , , 7960 1738 6 in in IN 7960 1738 7 particular particular JJ 7960 1738 8 , , , 7960 1738 9 became become VBD 7960 1738 10 thriving thriving JJ 7960 1738 11 markets market NNS 7960 1738 12 . . . 7960 1739 1 Partnerships partnership NNS 7960 1739 2 between between IN 7960 1739 3 tradesmen tradesman NNS 7960 1739 4 were be VBD 7960 1739 5 numerous numerous JJ 7960 1739 6 . . . 7960 1740 1 We -PRON- PRP 7960 1740 2 even even RB 7960 1740 3 hear hear VBP 7960 1740 4 of of IN 7960 1740 5 commercial commercial JJ 7960 1740 6 companies company NNS 7960 1740 7 . . . 7960 1741 1 Business business NN 7960 1741 2 life life NN 7960 1741 3 in in IN 7960 1741 4 ancient ancient JJ 7960 1741 5 Babylonia Babylonia NNP 7960 1741 6 wore wear VBD 7960 1741 7 , , , 7960 1741 8 indeed indeed RB 7960 1741 9 , , , 7960 1741 10 quite quite PDT 7960 1741 11 a a DT 7960 1741 12 modern modern JJ 7960 1741 13 look look NN 7960 1741 14 . . . 7960 1742 1 MONEY money NN 7960 1742 2 Metallic Metallic NNP 7960 1742 3 money money NN 7960 1742 4 first first RB 7960 1742 5 circulated circulate VBN 7960 1742 6 in in IN 7960 1742 7 the the DT 7960 1742 8 form form NN 7960 1742 9 of of IN 7960 1742 10 rings ring NNS 7960 1742 11 and and CC 7960 1742 12 bars bar NNS 7960 1742 13 . . . 7960 1743 1 The the DT 7960 1743 2 Egyptians Egyptians NNPS 7960 1743 3 had have VBD 7960 1743 4 small small JJ 7960 1743 5 pieces piece NNS 7960 1743 6 of of IN 7960 1743 7 gold--"cow gold--"cow JJ 7960 1743 8 gold"--each gold"--each NN 7960 1743 9 of of IN 7960 1743 10 which which WDT 7960 1743 11 was be VBD 7960 1743 12 simply simply RB 7960 1743 13 the the DT 7960 1743 14 value value NN 7960 1743 15 of of IN 7960 1743 16 a a DT 7960 1743 17 full full RB 7960 1743 18 - - HYPH 7960 1743 19 grown grown JJ 7960 1743 20 cow cow NN 7960 1743 21 . . . 7960 1744 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 1744 2 3 3 LS 7960 1744 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 1744 4 It -PRON- PRP 7960 1744 5 was be VBD 7960 1744 6 necessary necessary JJ 7960 1744 7 to to TO 7960 1744 8 weigh weigh VB 7960 1744 9 the the DT 7960 1744 10 metal metal NN 7960 1744 11 whenever whenever WRB 7960 1744 12 a a DT 7960 1744 13 purchase purchase NN 7960 1744 14 took take VBD 7960 1744 15 place place NN 7960 1744 16 . . . 7960 1745 1 A a DT 7960 1745 2 common common JJ 7960 1745 3 picture picture NN 7960 1745 4 on on IN 7960 1745 5 the the DT 7960 1745 6 Egyptian egyptian JJ 7960 1745 7 monuments monument NNS 7960 1745 8 is be VBZ 7960 1745 9 that that DT 7960 1745 10 of of IN 7960 1745 11 the the DT 7960 1745 12 weigher weigher NN 7960 1745 13 with with IN 7960 1745 14 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 1745 15 balance balance NN 7960 1745 16 and and CC 7960 1745 17 scales scale NNS 7960 1745 18 . . . 7960 1746 1 Then then RB 7960 1746 2 the the DT 7960 1746 3 practice practice NN 7960 1746 4 arose arise VBD 7960 1746 5 of of IN 7960 1746 6 stamping stamp VBG 7960 1746 7 each each DT 7960 1746 8 piece piece NN 7960 1746 9 of of IN 7960 1746 10 money money NN 7960 1746 11 with with IN 7960 1746 12 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 1746 13 true true JJ 7960 1746 14 value value NN 7960 1746 15 and and CC 7960 1746 16 weight weight NN 7960 1746 17 . . . 7960 1747 1 The the DT 7960 1747 2 next next JJ 7960 1747 3 step step NN 7960 1747 4 was be VBD 7960 1747 5 coinage coinage VB 7960 1747 6 proper proper JJ 7960 1747 7 , , , 7960 1747 8 where where WRB 7960 1747 9 the the DT 7960 1747 10 government government NN 7960 1747 11 guarantees guarantee VBZ 7960 1747 12 , , , 7960 1747 13 not not RB 7960 1747 14 only only RB 7960 1747 15 the the DT 7960 1747 16 weight weight NN 7960 1747 17 , , , 7960 1747 18 but but CC 7960 1747 19 also also RB 7960 1747 20 the the DT 7960 1747 21 genuineness genuineness NN 7960 1747 22 of of IN 7960 1747 23 the the DT 7960 1747 24 metal metal NN 7960 1747 25 . . . 7960 1748 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 1748 2 Illustration illustration NN 7960 1748 3 : : : 7960 1748 4 EGYPTIAN egyptian VB 7960 1748 5 WEIGHING weighing WRB 7960 1748 6 " " `` 7960 1748 7 COW cow NN 7960 1748 8 GOLD gold NN 7960 1748 9 " " '' 7960 1748 10 ] ] -RRB- 7960 1748 11 COINAGE coinage VB 7960 1748 12 The the DT 7960 1748 13 honor honor NN 7960 1748 14 of of IN 7960 1748 15 the the DT 7960 1748 16 invention invention NN 7960 1748 17 of of IN 7960 1748 18 coinage coinage NN 7960 1748 19 is be VBZ 7960 1748 20 generally generally RB 7960 1748 21 given give VBN 7960 1748 22 to to IN 7960 1748 23 the the DT 7960 1748 24 Lydians Lydians NNPS 7960 1748 25 , , , 7960 1748 26 whose whose WP$ 7960 1748 27 country country NN 7960 1748 28 was be VBD 7960 1748 29 well well RB 7960 1748 30 supplied supply VBN 7960 1748 31 with with IN 7960 1748 32 the the DT 7960 1748 33 precious precious JJ 7960 1748 34 metals metal NNS 7960 1748 35 . . . 7960 1749 1 As as RB 7960 1749 2 early early RB 7960 1749 3 as as IN 7960 1749 4 the the DT 7960 1749 5 eighth eighth JJ 7960 1749 6 century century NN 7960 1749 7 B.C. B.C. NNP 7960 1750 1 the the DT 7960 1750 2 Lydian lydian JJ 7960 1750 3 monarchs monarch NNS 7960 1750 4 began begin VBD 7960 1750 5 to to TO 7960 1750 6 strike strike VB 7960 1750 7 coins coin NNS 7960 1750 8 of of IN 7960 1750 9 electrum electrum NN 7960 1750 10 , , , 7960 1750 11 a a DT 7960 1750 12 natural natural JJ 7960 1750 13 alloy alloy NN 7960 1750 14 of of IN 7960 1750 15 gold gold NN 7960 1750 16 and and CC 7960 1750 17 silver silver NN 7960 1750 18 . . . 7960 1751 1 The the DT 7960 1751 2 famous famous JJ 7960 1751 3 Croesus,[4 croesus,[4 NN 7960 1751 4 ] ] -RRB- 7960 1751 5 whose whose WP$ 7960 1751 6 name name NN 7960 1751 7 is be VBZ 7960 1751 8 still still RB 7960 1751 9 a a DT 7960 1751 10 synonym synonym NN 7960 1751 11 for for IN 7960 1751 12 riches rich NNS 7960 1751 13 , , , 7960 1751 14 was be VBD 7960 1751 15 the the DT 7960 1751 16 first first JJ 7960 1751 17 to to TO 7960 1751 18 issue issue VB 7960 1751 19 coins coin NNS 7960 1751 20 of of IN 7960 1751 21 pure pure JJ 7960 1751 22 gold gold NN 7960 1751 23 and and CC 7960 1751 24 silver silver NN 7960 1751 25 . . . 7960 1752 1 The the DT 7960 1752 2 Greek greek JJ 7960 1752 3 neighbors neighbor NNS 7960 1752 4 of of IN 7960 1752 5 Lydia Lydia NNP 7960 1752 6 quickly quickly RB 7960 1752 7 adopted adopt VBD 7960 1752 8 the the DT 7960 1752 9 art art NN 7960 1752 10 of of IN 7960 1752 11 coinage coinage NN 7960 1752 12 and and CC 7960 1752 13 so so RB 7960 1752 14 introduced introduce VBD 7960 1752 15 it -PRON- PRP 7960 1752 16 into into IN 7960 1752 17 Europe Europe NNP 7960 1752 18 . . . 7960 1753 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 1753 2 5 5 CD 7960 1753 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 1753 4 BANKING banking NN 7960 1753 5 The the DT 7960 1753 6 use use NN 7960 1753 7 of of IN 7960 1753 8 money money NN 7960 1753 9 as as IN 7960 1753 10 a a DT 7960 1753 11 medium medium NN 7960 1753 12 of of IN 7960 1753 13 exchange exchange NN 7960 1753 14 led lead VBN 7960 1753 15 naturally naturally RB 7960 1753 16 to to IN 7960 1753 17 a a DT 7960 1753 18 system system NN 7960 1753 19 of of IN 7960 1753 20 banking banking NN 7960 1753 21 . . . 7960 1754 1 In in IN 7960 1754 2 Babylonia Babylonia NNP 7960 1754 3 , , , 7960 1754 4 for for IN 7960 1754 5 instance instance NN 7960 1754 6 , , , 7960 1754 7 the the DT 7960 1754 8 bankers banker NNS 7960 1754 9 formed form VBD 7960 1754 10 an an DT 7960 1754 11 important important JJ 7960 1754 12 and and CC 7960 1754 13 influential influential JJ 7960 1754 14 class class NN 7960 1754 15 . . . 7960 1755 1 One one CD 7960 1755 2 great great JJ 7960 1755 3 banking banking NN 7960 1755 4 house house NN 7960 1755 5 , , , 7960 1755 6 established establish VBN 7960 1755 7 at at IN 7960 1755 8 Babylon Babylon NNP 7960 1755 9 before before IN 7960 1755 10 the the DT 7960 1755 11 age age NN 7960 1755 12 of of IN 7960 1755 13 Sennacherib Sennacherib NNP 7960 1755 14 , , , 7960 1755 15 carried carry VBN 7960 1755 16 on on IN 7960 1755 17 operations operation NNS 7960 1755 18 for for IN 7960 1755 19 several several JJ 7960 1755 20 centuries century NNS 7960 1755 21 . . . 7960 1756 1 Hundreds hundred NNS 7960 1756 2 of of IN 7960 1756 3 legal legal JJ 7960 1756 4 documents document NNS 7960 1756 5 belonging belong VBG 7960 1756 6 to to IN 7960 1756 7 this this DT 7960 1756 8 firm firm NN 7960 1756 9 have have VBP 7960 1756 10 been be VBN 7960 1756 11 discovered discover VBN 7960 1756 12 in in IN 7960 1756 13 the the DT 7960 1756 14 huge huge JJ 7960 1756 15 earthenware earthenware NN 7960 1756 16 jars jar NNS 7960 1756 17 which which WDT 7960 1756 18 served serve VBD 7960 1756 19 as as IN 7960 1756 20 safes safe NNS 7960 1756 21 . . . 7960 1757 1 The the DT 7960 1757 2 Babylonian babylonian JJ 7960 1757 3 temples temple NNS 7960 1757 4 also also RB 7960 1757 5 received receive VBD 7960 1757 6 money money NN 7960 1757 7 on on IN 7960 1757 8 deposit deposit NN 7960 1757 9 and and CC 7960 1757 10 loaned loan VBD 7960 1757 11 it -PRON- PRP 7960 1757 12 out out RP 7960 1757 13 again again RB 7960 1757 14 , , , 7960 1757 15 as as IN 7960 1757 16 do do VBP 7960 1757 17 our -PRON- PRP$ 7960 1757 18 modern modern JJ 7960 1757 19 banks bank NNS 7960 1757 20 . . . 7960 1758 1 Knowledge knowledge NN 7960 1758 2 of of IN 7960 1758 3 the the DT 7960 1758 4 principles principle NNS 7960 1758 5 of of IN 7960 1758 6 banking banking NN 7960 1758 7 passed pass VBD 7960 1758 8 from from IN 7960 1758 9 Babylonia Babylonia NNP 7960 1758 10 to to IN 7960 1758 11 Greece Greece NNP 7960 1758 12 and and CC 7960 1758 13 thence thence NN 7960 1758 14 to to IN 7960 1758 15 ancient ancient JJ 7960 1758 16 Italy Italy NNP 7960 1758 17 and and CC 7960 1758 18 Rome Rome NNP 7960 1758 19 . . . 7960 1759 1 15 15 CD 7960 1759 2 . . . 7960 1760 1 COMMERCE COMMERCE NNS 7960 1760 2 AND and CC 7960 1760 3 TRADE trade NN 7960 1760 4 ROUTES route NNS 7960 1760 5 ASIATIC asiatic NN 7960 1760 6 COMMERCE COMMERCE . 7960 1760 7 The the DT 7960 1760 8 use use NN 7960 1760 9 of of IN 7960 1760 10 the the DT 7960 1760 11 precious precious JJ 7960 1760 12 metals metal NNS 7960 1760 13 as as IN 7960 1760 14 money money NN 7960 1760 15 greatly greatly RB 7960 1760 16 aided aid VBD 7960 1760 17 the the DT 7960 1760 18 exchange exchange NN 7960 1760 19 of of IN 7960 1760 20 commodities commodity NNS 7960 1760 21 between between IN 7960 1760 22 different different JJ 7960 1760 23 countries country NNS 7960 1760 24 . . . 7960 1761 1 The the DT 7960 1761 2 cities city NNS 7960 1761 3 of of IN 7960 1761 4 the the DT 7960 1761 5 Tigris- Tigris- NNP 7960 1761 6 Euphrates Euphrates NNP 7960 1761 7 valley valley NNP 7960 1761 8 were be VBD 7960 1761 9 admirably admirably RB 7960 1761 10 situated situate VBN 7960 1761 11 for for IN 7960 1761 12 commerce commerce NN 7960 1761 13 , , , 7960 1761 14 both both CC 7960 1761 15 by by IN 7960 1761 16 sea sea NN 7960 1761 17 and and CC 7960 1761 18 land land NN 7960 1761 19 . . . 7960 1762 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 1762 2 enjoyed enjoy VBD 7960 1762 3 a a DT 7960 1762 4 central central JJ 7960 1762 5 position position NN 7960 1762 6 between between IN 7960 1762 7 eastern eastern JJ 7960 1762 8 and and CC 7960 1762 9 western western JJ 7960 1762 10 Asia Asia NNP 7960 1762 11 . . . 7960 1763 1 The the DT 7960 1763 2 shortest short JJS 7960 1763 3 way way NN 7960 1763 4 by by IN 7960 1763 5 water water NN 7960 1763 6 from from IN 7960 1763 7 India India NNP 7960 1763 8 skirted skirt VBD 7960 1763 9 the the DT 7960 1763 10 southern southern JJ 7960 1763 11 coast coast NN 7960 1763 12 of of IN 7960 1763 13 Iran Iran NNP 7960 1763 14 and and CC 7960 1763 15 , , , 7960 1763 16 passing pass VBG 7960 1763 17 up up RP 7960 1763 18 the the DT 7960 1763 19 Persian Persian NNP 7960 1763 20 Gulf Gulf NNP 7960 1763 21 , , , 7960 1763 22 gained gain VBD 7960 1763 23 the the DT 7960 1763 24 valley valley NN 7960 1763 25 of of IN 7960 1763 26 the the DT 7960 1763 27 two two CD 7960 1763 28 great great JJ 7960 1763 29 rivers river NNS 7960 1763 30 . . . 7960 1764 1 Even even RB 7960 1764 2 more more RBR 7960 1764 3 important important JJ 7960 1764 4 were be VBD 7960 1764 5 the the DT 7960 1764 6 overland overland NN 7960 1764 7 roads road NNS 7960 1764 8 from from IN 7960 1764 9 China China NNP 7960 1764 10 and and CC 7960 1764 11 India India NNP 7960 1764 12 which which WDT 7960 1764 13 met meet VBD 7960 1764 14 at at IN 7960 1764 15 Babylon Babylon NNP 7960 1764 16 and and CC 7960 1764 17 Nineveh Nineveh NNP 7960 1764 18 . . . 7960 1765 1 Along along IN 7960 1765 2 these these DT 7960 1765 3 routes route NNS 7960 1765 4 traveled travel VBD 7960 1765 5 long long JJ 7960 1765 6 lines line NNS 7960 1765 7 of of IN 7960 1765 8 caravans caravan NNS 7960 1765 9 laden laden JJ 7960 1765 10 with with IN 7960 1765 11 the the DT 7960 1765 12 products product NNS 7960 1765 13 of of IN 7960 1765 14 the the DT 7960 1765 15 distant distant JJ 7960 1765 16 East East NNP 7960 1765 17 -- -- : 7960 1765 18 gold gold NN 7960 1765 19 and and CC 7960 1765 20 ivory ivory NN 7960 1765 21 , , , 7960 1765 22 jewels jewel NNS 7960 1765 23 and and CC 7960 1765 24 silks silk NNS 7960 1765 25 , , , 7960 1765 26 tapestries tapestry NNS 7960 1765 27 , , , 7960 1765 28 spices spice NNS 7960 1765 29 , , , 7960 1765 30 and and CC 7960 1765 31 fine fine JJ 7960 1765 32 woods wood NNS 7960 1765 33 . . . 7960 1766 1 Still still RB 7960 1766 2 other other JJ 7960 1766 3 avenues avenue NNS 7960 1766 4 of of IN 7960 1766 5 commerce commerce NN 7960 1766 6 radiated radiate VBD 7960 1766 7 to to IN 7960 1766 8 the the DT 7960 1766 9 west west NN 7960 1766 10 and and CC 7960 1766 11 entered enter VBD 7960 1766 12 Asia Asia NNP 7960 1766 13 Minor Minor NNP 7960 1766 14 , , , 7960 1766 15 Syria Syria NNP 7960 1766 16 , , , 7960 1766 17 and and CC 7960 1766 18 Egypt Egypt NNP 7960 1766 19 . . . 7960 1767 1 Many many JJ 7960 1767 2 of of IN 7960 1767 3 these these DT 7960 1767 4 trade trade NN 7960 1767 5 routes route NNS 7960 1767 6 are be VBP 7960 1767 7 in in IN 7960 1767 8 use use NN 7960 1767 9 even even RB 7960 1767 10 to to IN 7960 1767 11 - - HYPH 7960 1767 12 day day NN 7960 1767 13 . . . 7960 1768 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 1768 2 Illustration illustration NN 7960 1768 3 : : : 7960 1768 4 Map Map NNP 7960 1768 5 , , , 7960 1768 6 ANCIENT ancient JJ 7960 1768 7 TRADE trade NN 7960 1768 8 ROUTES route NNS 7960 1768 9 ] ] -RRB- 7960 1768 10 COMMERCE COMMERCE NNP 7960 1768 11 WITH with IN 7960 1768 12 EUROPE EUROPE NNP 7960 1768 13 While while IN 7960 1768 14 the the DT 7960 1768 15 inhabitants inhabitant NNS 7960 1768 16 of of IN 7960 1768 17 Babylonia Babylonia NNP 7960 1768 18 and and CC 7960 1768 19 Assyria Assyria NNP 7960 1768 20 were be VBD 7960 1768 21 able able JJ 7960 1768 22 to to TO 7960 1768 23 control control VB 7960 1768 24 the the DT 7960 1768 25 caravan caravan NN 7960 1768 26 routes route NNS 7960 1768 27 of of IN 7960 1768 28 Asia Asia NNP 7960 1768 29 , , , 7960 1768 30 it -PRON- PRP 7960 1768 31 was be VBD 7960 1768 32 reserved reserve VBN 7960 1768 33 for for IN 7960 1768 34 a a DT 7960 1768 35 Syrian syrian JJ 7960 1768 36 people people NNS 7960 1768 37 , , , 7960 1768 38 the the DT 7960 1768 39 Phoenicians Phoenicians NNPS 7960 1768 40 , , , 7960 1768 41 to to TO 7960 1768 42 become become VB 7960 1768 43 the the DT 7960 1768 44 pioneers pioneer NNS 7960 1768 45 of of IN 7960 1768 46 commerce commerce NN 7960 1768 47 with with IN 7960 1768 48 Europe Europe NNP 7960 1768 49 . . . 7960 1769 1 As as RB 7960 1769 2 early early RB 7960 1769 3 as as IN 7960 1769 4 1500 1500 CD 7960 1769 5 B.C. B.C. NNP 7960 1770 1 the the DT 7960 1770 2 rich rich JJ 7960 1770 3 copper copper NN 7960 1770 4 mines mine NNS 7960 1770 5 of of IN 7960 1770 6 Cyprus Cyprus NNP 7960 1770 7 attracted attract VBD 7960 1770 8 Phoenician phoenician JJ 7960 1770 9 colonists colonist NNS 7960 1770 10 to to IN 7960 1770 11 this this DT 7960 1770 12 island island NN 7960 1770 13 . . . 7960 1771 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 1771 2 6 6 CD 7960 1771 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 1771 4 From from IN 7960 1771 5 Cyprus Cyprus NNP 7960 1771 6 these these DT 7960 1771 7 bold bold JJ 7960 1771 8 mariners mariner NNS 7960 1771 9 and and CC 7960 1771 10 keen keen JJ 7960 1771 11 business business NN 7960 1771 12 men man NNS 7960 1771 13 passed pass VBD 7960 1771 14 to to IN 7960 1771 15 Crete Crete NNP 7960 1771 16 , , , 7960 1771 17 thence thence NN 7960 1771 18 along along IN 7960 1771 19 the the DT 7960 1771 20 shores shore NNS 7960 1771 21 of of IN 7960 1771 22 Asia Asia NNP 7960 1771 23 Minor Minor NNP 7960 1771 24 to to IN 7960 1771 25 the the DT 7960 1771 26 Greek greek JJ 7960 1771 27 mainland mainland NN 7960 1771 28 , , , 7960 1771 29 and and CC 7960 1771 30 possibly possibly RB 7960 1771 31 to to IN 7960 1771 32 the the DT 7960 1771 33 Black Black NNP 7960 1771 34 Sea Sea NNP 7960 1771 35 . . . 7960 1772 1 Some some DT 7960 1772 2 centuries century NNS 7960 1772 3 later later RB 7960 1772 4 the the DT 7960 1772 5 Phoenicians Phoenicians NNPS 7960 1772 6 were be VBD 7960 1772 7 driven drive VBN 7960 1772 8 from from IN 7960 1772 9 these these DT 7960 1772 10 regions region NNS 7960 1772 11 by by IN 7960 1772 12 the the DT 7960 1772 13 rising rise VBG 7960 1772 14 power power NN 7960 1772 15 of of IN 7960 1772 16 the the DT 7960 1772 17 Greek greek JJ 7960 1772 18 states state NNS 7960 1772 19 . . . 7960 1773 1 Then then RB 7960 1773 2 they -PRON- PRP 7960 1773 3 sailed sail VBD 7960 1773 4 farther farther RB 7960 1773 5 westward westward RB 7960 1773 6 and and CC 7960 1773 7 established establish VBD 7960 1773 8 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 1773 9 trading trading NN 7960 1773 10 posts post NNS 7960 1773 11 in in IN 7960 1773 12 Sicily Sicily NNP 7960 1773 13 , , , 7960 1773 14 Africa Africa NNP 7960 1773 15 , , , 7960 1773 16 and and CC 7960 1773 17 Spain Spain NNP 7960 1773 18 . . . 7960 1774 1 At at IN 7960 1774 2 length length NN 7960 1774 3 they -PRON- PRP 7960 1774 4 passed pass VBD 7960 1774 5 through through IN 7960 1774 6 the the DT 7960 1774 7 strait strait NN 7960 1774 8 of of IN 7960 1774 9 Gibraltar Gibraltar NNP 7960 1774 10 into into IN 7960 1774 11 the the DT 7960 1774 12 Atlantic Atlantic NNP 7960 1774 13 and and CC 7960 1774 14 visited visit VBD 7960 1774 15 the the DT 7960 1774 16 shores shore NNS 7960 1774 17 of of IN 7960 1774 18 western western JJ 7960 1774 19 Europe Europe NNP 7960 1774 20 and and CC 7960 1774 21 Africa Africa NNP 7960 1774 22 . . . 7960 1775 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 1775 2 Illustration illustration NN 7960 1775 3 : : : 7960 1775 4 Map Map NNP 7960 1775 5 , , , 7960 1775 6 PHOENICIAN PHOENICIAN NNP 7960 1775 7 AND and CC 7960 1775 8 GREEK GREEK NNP 7960 1775 9 COLONIES colony NNS 7960 1775 10 ] ] -RRB- 7960 1775 11 PHOENICIAN phoenician NN 7960 1775 12 IMPORTS import NNS 7960 1775 13 AND and CC 7960 1775 14 EXPORTS exports NN 7960 1775 15 The the DT 7960 1775 16 Phoenicians Phoenicians NNPS 7960 1775 17 obtained obtain VBD 7960 1775 18 a a DT 7960 1775 19 great great JJ 7960 1775 20 variety variety NN 7960 1775 21 of of IN 7960 1775 22 products product NNS 7960 1775 23 from from IN 7960 1775 24 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 1775 25 widely widely RB 7960 1775 26 scattered scatter VBN 7960 1775 27 settlements settlement NNS 7960 1775 28 . . . 7960 1776 1 The the DT 7960 1776 2 mines mine NNS 7960 1776 3 of of IN 7960 1776 4 Spain Spain NNP 7960 1776 5 yielded yield VBD 7960 1776 6 tin tin NN 7960 1776 7 , , , 7960 1776 8 lead lead NN 7960 1776 9 , , , 7960 1776 10 and and CC 7960 1776 11 silver silver NN 7960 1776 12 . . . 7960 1777 1 The the DT 7960 1777 2 tin tin NN 7960 1777 3 was be VBD 7960 1777 4 especially especially RB 7960 1777 5 valuable valuable JJ 7960 1777 6 because because IN 7960 1777 7 of of IN 7960 1777 8 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 1777 9 use use NN 7960 1777 10 in in IN 7960 1777 11 the the DT 7960 1777 12 manufacture manufacture NN 7960 1777 13 of of IN 7960 1777 14 bronze bronze NN 7960 1777 15 . . . 7960 1778 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 1778 2 7 7 CD 7960 1778 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 1778 4 From from IN 7960 1778 5 Africa Africa NNP 7960 1778 6 came come VBD 7960 1778 7 ivory ivory NN 7960 1778 8 , , , 7960 1778 9 ostrich ostrich NN 7960 1778 10 feathers feather NNS 7960 1778 11 , , , 7960 1778 12 and and CC 7960 1778 13 gold gold NN 7960 1778 14 ; ; : 7960 1778 15 from from IN 7960 1778 16 Arabia Arabia NNP 7960 1778 17 , , , 7960 1778 18 incense incense NN 7960 1778 19 , , , 7960 1778 20 perfumes perfume NNS 7960 1778 21 , , , 7960 1778 22 and and CC 7960 1778 23 costly costly JJ 7960 1778 24 spices spice NNS 7960 1778 25 . . . 7960 1779 1 The the DT 7960 1779 2 Phoenicians Phoenicians NNPS 7960 1779 3 found find VBD 7960 1779 4 a a DT 7960 1779 5 ready ready JJ 7960 1779 6 sale sale NN 7960 1779 7 for for IN 7960 1779 8 these these DT 7960 1779 9 commodities commodity NNS 7960 1779 10 throughout throughout IN 7960 1779 11 the the DT 7960 1779 12 East East NNP 7960 1779 13 . . . 7960 1780 1 Still still RB 7960 1780 2 other other JJ 7960 1780 3 products product NNS 7960 1780 4 were be VBD 7960 1780 5 brought bring VBN 7960 1780 6 directly directly RB 7960 1780 7 to to IN 7960 1780 8 Phoenicia Phoenicia NNP 7960 1780 9 to to TO 7960 1780 10 provide provide VB 7960 1780 11 the the DT 7960 1780 12 raw raw JJ 7960 1780 13 materials material NNS 7960 1780 14 for for IN 7960 1780 15 her -PRON- PRP$ 7960 1780 16 flourishing flourishing JJ 7960 1780 17 manufactures manufacture NNS 7960 1780 18 . . . 7960 1781 1 The the DT 7960 1781 2 fine fine JJ 7960 1781 3 carpets carpet NNS 7960 1781 4 and and CC 7960 1781 5 glassware glassware VB 7960 1781 6 , , , 7960 1781 7 the the DT 7960 1781 8 artistic artistic JJ 7960 1781 9 works work NNS 7960 1781 10 in in IN 7960 1781 11 silver silver NN 7960 1781 12 and and CC 7960 1781 13 bronze bronze NN 7960 1781 14 , , , 7960 1781 15 and and CC 7960 1781 16 the the DT 7960 1781 17 beautiful beautiful JJ 7960 1781 18 purple purple JJ 7960 1781 19 cloths cloth NNS 7960 1781 20 [ [ -LRB- 7960 1781 21 8 8 CD 7960 1781 22 ] ] -RRB- 7960 1781 23 produced produce VBN 7960 1781 24 by by IN 7960 1781 25 Phoenician phoenician JJ 7960 1781 26 factories factory NNS 7960 1781 27 were be VBD 7960 1781 28 exported export VBN 7960 1781 29 to to IN 7960 1781 30 every every DT 7960 1781 31 region region NN 7960 1781 32 of of IN 7960 1781 33 the the DT 7960 1781 34 known know VBN 7960 1781 35 world world NN 7960 1781 36 . . . 7960 1782 1 PHOENICIAN PHOENICIAN NNP 7960 1782 2 VOYAGES VOYAGES NNP 7960 1782 3 OF of IN 7960 1782 4 EXPLORATION exploration NN 7960 1782 5 The the DT 7960 1782 6 Phoenicians Phoenicians NNPS 7960 1782 7 were be VBD 7960 1782 8 the the DT 7960 1782 9 boldest bold JJS 7960 1782 10 sailors sailor NNS 7960 1782 11 of of IN 7960 1782 12 antiquity antiquity NN 7960 1782 13 . . . 7960 1783 1 Some some DT 7960 1783 2 of of IN 7960 1783 3 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 1783 4 long long JJ 7960 1783 5 voyages voyage NNS 7960 1783 6 are be VBP 7960 1783 7 still still RB 7960 1783 8 on on IN 7960 1783 9 record record NN 7960 1783 10 . . . 7960 1784 1 We -PRON- PRP 7960 1784 2 learn learn VBP 7960 1784 3 from from IN 7960 1784 4 the the DT 7960 1784 5 Bible Bible NNP 7960 1784 6 that that WDT 7960 1784 7 they -PRON- PRP 7960 1784 8 made make VBD 7960 1784 9 cruises cruise NNS 7960 1784 10 on on IN 7960 1784 11 the the DT 7960 1784 12 Red Red NNP 7960 1784 13 Sea Sea NNP 7960 1784 14 and and CC 7960 1784 15 Indian Indian NNP 7960 1784 16 Ocean Ocean NNP 7960 1784 17 and and CC 7960 1784 18 brought bring VBD 7960 1784 19 the the DT 7960 1784 20 gold gold NN 7960 1784 21 of of IN 7960 1784 22 Ophir-- ophir-- JJ 7960 1784 23 " " `` 7960 1784 24 four four CD 7960 1784 25 hundred hundred CD 7960 1784 26 and and CC 7960 1784 27 twenty twenty CD 7960 1784 28 talents"--to talents"--to NNP 7960 1784 29 Solomon Solomon NNP 7960 1784 30 . . . 7960 1785 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 1785 2 9 9 CD 7960 1785 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 1785 4 There there EX 7960 1785 5 is be VBZ 7960 1785 6 even even RB 7960 1785 7 a a DT 7960 1785 8 story story NN 7960 1785 9 of of IN 7960 1785 10 certain certain JJ 7960 1785 11 Phoenicians Phoenicians NNPS 7960 1785 12 who who WP 7960 1785 13 , , , 7960 1785 14 by by IN 7960 1785 15 direction direction NN 7960 1785 16 of of IN 7960 1785 17 an an DT 7960 1785 18 Egyptian egyptian JJ 7960 1785 19 king king NN 7960 1785 20 , , , 7960 1785 21 explored explore VBD 7960 1785 22 the the DT 7960 1785 23 eastern eastern JJ 7960 1785 24 coast coast NN 7960 1785 25 of of IN 7960 1785 26 Africa Africa NNP 7960 1785 27 , , , 7960 1785 28 rounded round VBD 7960 1785 29 the the DT 7960 1785 30 Cape Cape NNP 7960 1785 31 of of IN 7960 1785 32 Good Good NNP 7960 1785 33 Hope Hope NNP 7960 1785 34 , , , 7960 1785 35 and and CC 7960 1785 36 after after IN 7960 1785 37 three three CD 7960 1785 38 years year NNS 7960 1785 39 ' ' POS 7960 1785 40 absence absence NN 7960 1785 41 returned return VBD 7960 1785 42 to to IN 7960 1785 43 Egypt Egypt NNP 7960 1785 44 through through IN 7960 1785 45 the the DT 7960 1785 46 strait strait NN 7960 1785 47 of of IN 7960 1785 48 Gibraltar Gibraltar NNP 7960 1785 49 . . . 7960 1786 1 A a DT 7960 1786 2 much much RB 7960 1786 3 more more RBR 7960 1786 4 probable probable JJ 7960 1786 5 narrative narrative NN 7960 1786 6 is be VBZ 7960 1786 7 that that DT 7960 1786 8 of of IN 7960 1786 9 the the DT 7960 1786 10 voyage voyage NN 7960 1786 11 of of IN 7960 1786 12 Hanno Hanno NNP 7960 1786 13 , , , 7960 1786 14 a a DT 7960 1786 15 Carthaginian carthaginian JJ 7960 1786 16 admiral admiral NN 7960 1786 17 . . . 7960 1787 1 We -PRON- PRP 7960 1787 2 still still RB 7960 1787 3 possess possess VBP 7960 1787 4 a a DT 7960 1787 5 Greek greek JJ 7960 1787 6 translation translation NN 7960 1787 7 of of IN 7960 1787 8 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 1787 9 interesting interesting JJ 7960 1787 10 log log NN 7960 1787 11 book book NN 7960 1787 12 . . . 7960 1788 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 1788 2 describes describe VBZ 7960 1788 3 an an DT 7960 1788 4 expedition expedition NN 7960 1788 5 made make VBN 7960 1788 6 about about RB 7960 1788 7 500 500 CD 7960 1788 8 B.C. B.C. NNS 7960 1789 1 along along IN 7960 1789 2 the the DT 7960 1789 3 western western JJ 7960 1789 4 coast coast NN 7960 1789 5 of of IN 7960 1789 6 Africa Africa NNP 7960 1789 7 . . . 7960 1790 1 The the DT 7960 1790 2 explorers explorer NNS 7960 1790 3 seem seem VBP 7960 1790 4 to to TO 7960 1790 5 have have VB 7960 1790 6 sailed sail VBN 7960 1790 7 as as RB 7960 1790 8 far far RB 7960 1790 9 as as IN 7960 1790 10 the the DT 7960 1790 11 country country NN 7960 1790 12 now now RB 7960 1790 13 called call VBD 7960 1790 14 Sierra Sierra NNP 7960 1790 15 Leone Leone NNP 7960 1790 16 . . . 7960 1791 1 Nearly nearly RB 7960 1791 2 two two CD 7960 1791 3 thousand thousand CD 7960 1791 4 years year NNS 7960 1791 5 elapsed elapse VBN 7960 1791 6 before before IN 7960 1791 7 a a DT 7960 1791 8 similar similar JJ 7960 1791 9 voyage voyage NN 7960 1791 10 along along IN 7960 1791 11 the the DT 7960 1791 12 African african JJ 7960 1791 13 coast coast NN 7960 1791 14 was be VBD 7960 1791 15 undertaken undertake VBN 7960 1791 16 . . . 7960 1792 1 PHOENICIAN PHOENICIAN NNP 7960 1792 2 SETTLEMENTS SETTLEMENTS NNP 7960 1792 3 Wherever wherever WRB 7960 1792 4 the the DT 7960 1792 5 Phoenicians Phoenicians NNPS 7960 1792 6 journeyed journey VBD 7960 1792 7 , , , 7960 1792 8 they -PRON- PRP 7960 1792 9 established establish VBD 7960 1792 10 settlements settlement NNS 7960 1792 11 . . . 7960 1793 1 Most Most JJS 7960 1793 2 of of IN 7960 1793 3 these these DT 7960 1793 4 were be VBD 7960 1793 5 merely merely RB 7960 1793 6 trading trade VBG 7960 1793 7 posts post NNS 7960 1793 8 which which WDT 7960 1793 9 contained contain VBD 7960 1793 10 the the DT 7960 1793 11 warehouses warehouse NNS 7960 1793 12 for for IN 7960 1793 13 the the DT 7960 1793 14 storage storage NN 7960 1793 15 of of IN 7960 1793 16 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 1793 17 goods good NNS 7960 1793 18 . . . 7960 1794 1 Here here RB 7960 1794 2 the the DT 7960 1794 3 shy shy JJ 7960 1794 4 natives native NNS 7960 1794 5 came come VBD 7960 1794 6 to to TO 7960 1794 7 barter barter VB 7960 1794 8 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 1794 9 raw raw JJ 7960 1794 10 materials material NNS 7960 1794 11 for for IN 7960 1794 12 the the DT 7960 1794 13 finished finished JJ 7960 1794 14 products product NNS 7960 1794 15 -- -- : 7960 1794 16 cloths cloth NNS 7960 1794 17 , , , 7960 1794 18 tools tool NNS 7960 1794 19 , , , 7960 1794 20 weapons weapon NNS 7960 1794 21 , , , 7960 1794 22 wine wine NN 7960 1794 23 , , , 7960 1794 24 and and CC 7960 1794 25 oil oil NN 7960 1794 26 -- -- : 7960 1794 27 which which WDT 7960 1794 28 the the DT 7960 1794 29 strangers stranger NNS 7960 1794 30 from from IN 7960 1794 31 the the DT 7960 1794 32 East East NNP 7960 1794 33 had have VBD 7960 1794 34 brought bring VBN 7960 1794 35 with with IN 7960 1794 36 them -PRON- PRP 7960 1794 37 . . . 7960 1795 1 Phoenician phoenician JJ 7960 1795 2 settlements settlement NNS 7960 1795 3 sometimes sometimes RB 7960 1795 4 grew grow VBD 7960 1795 5 to to TO 7960 1795 6 be be VB 7960 1795 7 large large JJ 7960 1795 8 and and CC 7960 1795 9 flourishing flourish VBG 7960 1795 10 cities city NNS 7960 1795 11 . . . 7960 1796 1 The the DT 7960 1796 2 colony colony NN 7960 1796 3 of of IN 7960 1796 4 Gades Gades NNPS 7960 1796 5 in in IN 7960 1796 6 southern southern JJ 7960 1796 7 Spain Spain NNP 7960 1796 8 , , , 7960 1796 9 mentioned mention VBN 7960 1796 10 in in IN 7960 1796 11 the the DT 7960 1796 12 Old Old NNP 7960 1796 13 Testament Testament NNP 7960 1796 14 as as IN 7960 1796 15 Tarshish Tarshish NNP 7960 1796 16 , , , 7960 1796 17 [ [ -LRB- 7960 1796 18 10 10 CD 7960 1796 19 ] ] -RRB- 7960 1796 20 survives survive VBZ 7960 1796 21 to to IN 7960 1796 22 this this DT 7960 1796 23 day day NN 7960 1796 24 as as IN 7960 1796 25 Cadiz Cadiz NNP 7960 1796 26 . . . 7960 1797 1 The the DT 7960 1797 2 city city NN 7960 1797 3 of of IN 7960 1797 4 Carthage Carthage NNP 7960 1797 5 , , , 7960 1797 6 founded found VBN 7960 1797 7 in in IN 7960 1797 8 North North NNP 7960 1797 9 Africa Africa NNP 7960 1797 10 by by IN 7960 1797 11 colonists colonist NNS 7960 1797 12 from from IN 7960 1797 13 Tyre Tyre NNP 7960 1797 14 , , , 7960 1797 15 became become VBD 7960 1797 16 the the DT 7960 1797 17 commercial commercial JJ 7960 1797 18 mistress mistress NN 7960 1797 19 of of IN 7960 1797 20 the the DT 7960 1797 21 Mediterranean Mediterranean NNP 7960 1797 22 . . . 7960 1798 1 Carthaginian carthaginian JJ 7960 1798 2 history history NN 7960 1798 3 has have VBZ 7960 1798 4 many many JJ 7960 1798 5 points point NNS 7960 1798 6 of of IN 7960 1798 7 contact contact NN 7960 1798 8 with with IN 7960 1798 9 that that DT 7960 1798 10 of of IN 7960 1798 11 the the DT 7960 1798 12 Greeks Greeks NNPS 7960 1798 13 and and CC 7960 1798 14 Romans Romans NNPS 7960 1798 15 . . . 7960 1799 1 16 16 CD 7960 1799 2 . . . 7960 1800 1 LAW LAW NNP 7960 1800 2 AND and CC 7960 1800 3 MORALITY MORALITY NNP 7960 1800 4 BABYLONIAN BABYLONIAN NNP 7960 1800 5 CONTRACTS contract NNS 7960 1800 6 It -PRON- PRP 7960 1800 7 is be VBZ 7960 1800 8 clear clear JJ 7960 1800 9 that that IN 7960 1800 10 societies society NNS 7960 1800 11 so so RB 7960 1800 12 highly highly RB 7960 1800 13 organized organized JJ 7960 1800 14 as as IN 7960 1800 15 Phoenicia Phoenicia NNP 7960 1800 16 , , , 7960 1800 17 Egypt Egypt NNP 7960 1800 18 , , , 7960 1800 19 and and CC 7960 1800 20 Babylonia Babylonia NNP 7960 1800 21 must must MD 7960 1800 22 have have VB 7960 1800 23 been be VBN 7960 1800 24 held hold VBN 7960 1800 25 together together RB 7960 1800 26 by by IN 7960 1800 27 the the DT 7960 1800 28 firm firm JJ 7960 1800 29 bonds bond NNS 7960 1800 30 of of IN 7960 1800 31 law law NN 7960 1800 32 . . . 7960 1801 1 The the DT 7960 1801 2 ancient ancient JJ 7960 1801 3 Babylonians Babylonians NNPS 7960 1801 4 , , , 7960 1801 5 especially especially RB 7960 1801 6 , , , 7960 1801 7 were be VBD 7960 1801 8 a a DT 7960 1801 9 legal legal JJ 7960 1801 10 - - HYPH 7960 1801 11 minded minded JJ 7960 1801 12 people people NNS 7960 1801 13 . . . 7960 1802 1 When when WRB 7960 1802 2 a a DT 7960 1802 3 man man NN 7960 1802 4 sold sell VBD 7960 1802 5 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 1802 6 wheat wheat NN 7960 1802 7 , , , 7960 1802 8 bought buy VBD 7960 1802 9 a a DT 7960 1802 10 slave slave NN 7960 1802 11 , , , 7960 1802 12 married marry VBD 7960 1802 13 a a DT 7960 1802 14 wife wife NN 7960 1802 15 , , , 7960 1802 16 or or CC 7960 1802 17 made make VBD 7960 1802 18 a a DT 7960 1802 19 will will NN 7960 1802 20 , , , 7960 1802 21 the the DT 7960 1802 22 transaction transaction NN 7960 1802 23 was be VBD 7960 1802 24 duly duly RB 7960 1802 25 noted note VBN 7960 1802 26 on on IN 7960 1802 27 a a DT 7960 1802 28 contract contract NN 7960 1802 29 tablet tablet NN 7960 1802 30 , , , 7960 1802 31 which which WDT 7960 1802 32 was be VBD 7960 1802 33 then then RB 7960 1802 34 filed file VBN 7960 1802 35 away away RB 7960 1802 36 in in IN 7960 1802 37 the the DT 7960 1802 38 public public JJ 7960 1802 39 archives archive NNS 7960 1802 40 . . . 7960 1803 1 Instead instead RB 7960 1803 2 of of IN 7960 1803 3 writing write VBG 7960 1803 4 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 1803 5 name name NN 7960 1803 6 , , , 7960 1803 7 a a DT 7960 1803 8 Babylonian Babylonian NNP 7960 1803 9 stamped stamp VBD 7960 1803 10 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 1803 11 seal seal NN 7960 1803 12 on on IN 7960 1803 13 the the DT 7960 1803 14 wet wet JJ 7960 1803 15 clay clay NN 7960 1803 16 of of IN 7960 1803 17 the the DT 7960 1803 18 tablet tablet NN 7960 1803 19 . . . 7960 1804 1 Every every DT 7960 1804 2 man man NN 7960 1804 3 who who WP 7960 1804 4 owned own VBD 7960 1804 5 property property NN 7960 1804 6 had have VBD 7960 1804 7 to to TO 7960 1804 8 have have VB 7960 1804 9 a a DT 7960 1804 10 seal seal NN 7960 1804 11 . . . 7960 1805 1 CODE code NN 7960 1805 2 OF of IN 7960 1805 3 HAMMURABI HAMMURABI NNP 7960 1805 4 The the DT 7960 1805 5 earliest early JJS 7960 1805 6 laws law NNS 7960 1805 7 were be VBD 7960 1805 8 , , , 7960 1805 9 of of IN 7960 1805 10 course course NN 7960 1805 11 , , , 7960 1805 12 unwritten unwritten JJ 7960 1805 13 . . . 7960 1806 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 1806 2 were be VBD 7960 1806 3 no no RB 7960 1806 4 more more JJR 7960 1806 5 than than IN 7960 1806 6 the the DT 7960 1806 7 long long RB 7960 1806 8 - - HYPH 7960 1806 9 established establish VBN 7960 1806 10 customs custom NNS 7960 1806 11 of of IN 7960 1806 12 the the DT 7960 1806 13 community community NN 7960 1806 14 . . . 7960 1807 1 As as IN 7960 1807 2 civilization civilization NN 7960 1807 3 advanced advance VBD 7960 1807 4 , , , 7960 1807 5 the the DT 7960 1807 6 usages usage NNS 7960 1807 7 that that WDT 7960 1807 8 generally generally RB 7960 1807 9 prevailed prevail VBD 7960 1807 10 were be VBD 7960 1807 11 written write VBN 7960 1807 12 out out RP 7960 1807 13 and and CC 7960 1807 14 made make VBN 7960 1807 15 into into IN 7960 1807 16 legal legal JJ 7960 1807 17 codes code NNS 7960 1807 18 . . . 7960 1808 1 A a DT 7960 1808 2 recent recent JJ 7960 1808 3 discovery discovery NN 7960 1808 4 has have VBZ 7960 1808 5 given give VBN 7960 1808 6 to to IN 7960 1808 7 us -PRON- PRP 7960 1808 8 the the DT 7960 1808 9 almost almost RB 7960 1808 10 complete complete JJ 7960 1808 11 text text NN 7960 1808 12 of of IN 7960 1808 13 the the DT 7960 1808 14 laws law NNS 7960 1808 15 which which WDT 7960 1808 16 Hammurabi Hammurabi NNP 7960 1808 17 , , , 7960 1808 18 the the DT 7960 1808 19 Babylonian babylonian JJ 7960 1808 20 king king NN 7960 1808 21 , , , 7960 1808 22 ordered order VBN 7960 1808 23 to to TO 7960 1808 24 be be VB 7960 1808 25 engraved engrave VBN 7960 1808 26 on on IN 7960 1808 27 stone stone NN 7960 1808 28 monuments monument NNS 7960 1808 29 and and CC 7960 1808 30 set set VBN 7960 1808 31 up up RP 7960 1808 32 in in IN 7960 1808 33 all all PDT 7960 1808 34 the the DT 7960 1808 35 chief chief JJ 7960 1808 36 cities city NNS 7960 1808 37 of of IN 7960 1808 38 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 1808 39 realm realm NN 7960 1808 40 . . . 7960 1809 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 1809 2 11 11 CD 7960 1809 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 1809 4 SUBJECT SUBJECT VBN 7960 1809 5 MATTER MATTER NNP 7960 1809 6 OF of IN 7960 1809 7 HAMMURABI HAMMURABI NNP 7960 1809 8 'S 's POS 7960 1809 9 CODE code NN 7960 1809 10 The the DT 7960 1809 11 code code NN 7960 1809 12 of of IN 7960 1809 13 Hammurabi Hammurabi NNP 7960 1809 14 shows show VBZ 7960 1809 15 , , , 7960 1809 16 in in IN 7960 1809 17 general general JJ 7960 1809 18 , , , 7960 1809 19 a a DT 7960 1809 20 high high JJ 7960 1809 21 sense sense NN 7960 1809 22 of of IN 7960 1809 23 justice justice NN 7960 1809 24 . . . 7960 1810 1 A a DT 7960 1810 2 man man NN 7960 1810 3 who who WP 7960 1810 4 tries try VBZ 7960 1810 5 to to TO 7960 1810 6 bribe bribe VB 7960 1810 7 a a DT 7960 1810 8 witness witness NN 7960 1810 9 or or CC 7960 1810 10 a a DT 7960 1810 11 judge judge NN 7960 1810 12 is be VBZ 7960 1810 13 to to TO 7960 1810 14 be be VB 7960 1810 15 severely severely RB 7960 1810 16 punished punish VBN 7960 1810 17 . . . 7960 1811 1 A a DT 7960 1811 2 farmer farmer NN 7960 1811 3 who who WP 7960 1811 4 is be VBZ 7960 1811 5 careless careless JJ 7960 1811 6 with with IN 7960 1811 7 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 1811 8 dikes dike NNS 7960 1811 9 and and CC 7960 1811 10 allows allow VBZ 7960 1811 11 the the DT 7960 1811 12 water water NN 7960 1811 13 to to TO 7960 1811 14 run run VB 7960 1811 15 through through IN 7960 1811 16 flood flood NN 7960 1811 17 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 1811 18 neighbor neighbor NN 7960 1811 19 's 's POS 7960 1811 20 land land NN 7960 1811 21 must must MD 7960 1811 22 restore restore VB 7960 1811 23 the the DT 7960 1811 24 value value NN 7960 1811 25 of of IN 7960 1811 26 the the DT 7960 1811 27 grain grain NN 7960 1811 28 he -PRON- PRP 7960 1811 29 has have VBZ 7960 1811 30 damaged damage VBN 7960 1811 31 . . . 7960 1812 1 The the DT 7960 1812 2 owner owner NN 7960 1812 3 of of IN 7960 1812 4 a a DT 7960 1812 5 vicious vicious JJ 7960 1812 6 ox ox NN 7960 1812 7 which which WDT 7960 1812 8 has have VBZ 7960 1812 9 gored gore VBN 7960 1812 10 a a DT 7960 1812 11 man man NN 7960 1812 12 must must MD 7960 1812 13 pay pay VB 7960 1812 14 a a DT 7960 1812 15 heavy heavy JJ 7960 1812 16 fine fine NN 7960 1812 17 , , , 7960 1812 18 provided provide VBN 7960 1812 19 he -PRON- PRP 7960 1812 20 knew know VBD 7960 1812 21 the the DT 7960 1812 22 disposition disposition NN 7960 1812 23 of of IN 7960 1812 24 the the DT 7960 1812 25 animal animal NN 7960 1812 26 and and CC 7960 1812 27 had have VBD 7960 1812 28 not not RB 7960 1812 29 blunted blunt VBN 7960 1812 30 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 1812 31 horns horn NNS 7960 1812 32 . . . 7960 1813 1 A a DT 7960 1813 2 builder builder NN 7960 1813 3 who who WP 7960 1813 4 puts put VBZ 7960 1813 5 up up RP 7960 1813 6 a a DT 7960 1813 7 shaky shaky JJ 7960 1813 8 house house NN 7960 1813 9 which which WDT 7960 1813 10 afterwards afterwards RB 7960 1813 11 collapses collapse VBZ 7960 1813 12 and and CC 7960 1813 13 kills kill VBZ 7960 1813 14 the the DT 7960 1813 15 tenant tenant NN 7960 1813 16 is be VBZ 7960 1813 17 himself -PRON- PRP 7960 1813 18 to to TO 7960 1813 19 be be VB 7960 1813 20 put put VBN 7960 1813 21 to to IN 7960 1813 22 death death NN 7960 1813 23 . . . 7960 1814 1 On on IN 7960 1814 2 the the DT 7960 1814 3 other other JJ 7960 1814 4 hand hand NN 7960 1814 5 , , , 7960 1814 6 the the DT 7960 1814 7 code code NN 7960 1814 8 has have VBZ 7960 1814 9 some some DT 7960 1814 10 rude rude JJ 7960 1814 11 features feature NNS 7960 1814 12 . . . 7960 1815 1 Punishments punishment NNS 7960 1815 2 were be VBD 7960 1815 3 severe severe JJ 7960 1815 4 . . . 7960 1816 1 For for IN 7960 1816 2 injuries injury NNS 7960 1816 3 to to IN 7960 1816 4 the the DT 7960 1816 5 body body NN 7960 1816 6 there there EX 7960 1816 7 was be VBD 7960 1816 8 the the DT 7960 1816 9 simple simple JJ 7960 1816 10 rule rule NN 7960 1816 11 of of IN 7960 1816 12 retaliation retaliation NN 7960 1816 13 : : : 7960 1816 14 an an DT 7960 1816 15 eye eye NN 7960 1816 16 for for IN 7960 1816 17 an an DT 7960 1816 18 eye eye NN 7960 1816 19 , , , 7960 1816 20 a a DT 7960 1816 21 tooth tooth NN 7960 1816 22 for for IN 7960 1816 23 a a DT 7960 1816 24 tooth tooth NN 7960 1816 25 , , , 7960 1816 26 a a DT 7960 1816 27 limb limb NN 7960 1816 28 for for IN 7960 1816 29 a a DT 7960 1816 30 limb limb NN 7960 1816 31 . . . 7960 1817 1 A a DT 7960 1817 2 son son NN 7960 1817 3 who who WP 7960 1817 4 had have VBD 7960 1817 5 struck strike VBN 7960 1817 6 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 1817 7 father father NN 7960 1817 8 was be VBD 7960 1817 9 to to TO 7960 1817 10 have have VB 7960 1817 11 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 1817 12 hands hand NNS 7960 1817 13 cut cut VBN 7960 1817 14 off off RP 7960 1817 15 . . . 7960 1818 1 The the DT 7960 1818 2 nature nature NN 7960 1818 3 of of IN 7960 1818 4 the the DT 7960 1818 5 punishment punishment NN 7960 1818 6 depended depend VBD 7960 1818 7 , , , 7960 1818 8 moreover moreover RB 7960 1818 9 , , , 7960 1818 10 on on IN 7960 1818 11 the the DT 7960 1818 12 rank rank NN 7960 1818 13 of of IN 7960 1818 14 the the DT 7960 1818 15 aggrieved aggrieved JJ 7960 1818 16 party party NN 7960 1818 17 . . . 7960 1819 1 A a DT 7960 1819 2 person person NN 7960 1819 3 who who WP 7960 1819 4 had have VBD 7960 1819 5 caused cause VBN 7960 1819 6 the the DT 7960 1819 7 loss loss NN 7960 1819 8 of of IN 7960 1819 9 a a DT 7960 1819 10 " " `` 7960 1819 11 gentleman gentleman NNP 7960 1819 12 's 's POS 7960 1819 13 " " `` 7960 1819 14 eye eye NN 7960 1819 15 was be VBD 7960 1819 16 to to TO 7960 1819 17 have have VB 7960 1819 18 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 1819 19 own own JJ 7960 1819 20 plucked pluck VBN 7960 1819 21 out out RP 7960 1819 22 ; ; : 7960 1819 23 but but CC 7960 1819 24 if if IN 7960 1819 25 the the DT 7960 1819 26 injury injury NN 7960 1819 27 was be VBD 7960 1819 28 done do VBN 7960 1819 29 to to IN 7960 1819 30 a a DT 7960 1819 31 poor poor JJ 7960 1819 32 man man NN 7960 1819 33 , , , 7960 1819 34 the the DT 7960 1819 35 culprit culprit NN 7960 1819 36 had have VBD 7960 1819 37 only only RB 7960 1819 38 to to TO 7960 1819 39 pay pay VB 7960 1819 40 a a DT 7960 1819 41 fine fine NN 7960 1819 42 . . . 7960 1820 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 1820 2 Illustration illustration NN 7960 1820 3 : : : 7960 1820 4 BABYLONIAN babylonian RB 7960 1820 5 CONTRACT contract NN 7960 1820 6 TABLET tablet VBP 7960 1820 7 The the DT 7960 1820 8 actual actual JJ 7960 1820 9 tablet tablet NN 7960 1820 10 is be VBZ 7960 1820 11 on on IN 7960 1820 12 the the DT 7960 1820 13 right right NN 7960 1820 14 , , , 7960 1820 15 on on IN 7960 1820 16 the the DT 7960 1820 17 left left NN 7960 1820 18 is be VBZ 7960 1820 19 a a DT 7960 1820 20 hollow hollow JJ 7960 1820 21 clay clay NN 7960 1820 22 case case NN 7960 1820 23 or or CC 7960 1820 24 envelope envelope NN 7960 1820 25 . . . 7960 1820 26 ] ] -RRB- 7960 1821 1 IMPORTANCE importance NN 7960 1821 2 OF of IN 7960 1821 3 HAMMURABI HAMMURABI NNP 7960 1821 4 'S 's POS 7960 1821 5 CODE CODE NNP 7960 1821 6 Hammurabi Hammurabi NNP 7960 1821 7 's 's POS 7960 1821 8 laws law NNS 7960 1821 9 thus thus RB 7960 1821 10 present present VBP 7960 1821 11 a a DT 7960 1821 12 vivid vivid JJ 7960 1821 13 picture picture NN 7960 1821 14 of of IN 7960 1821 15 Oriental oriental JJ 7960 1821 16 society society NN 7960 1821 17 two two CD 7960 1821 18 thousand thousand CD 7960 1821 19 years year NNS 7960 1821 20 before before IN 7960 1821 21 Christ Christ NNP 7960 1821 22 . . . 7960 1822 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 1822 2 always always RB 7960 1822 3 remained remain VBD 7960 1822 4 the the DT 7960 1822 5 basis basis NN 7960 1822 6 of of IN 7960 1822 7 the the DT 7960 1822 8 Babylonian babylonian JJ 7960 1822 9 and and CC 7960 1822 10 Assyrian assyrian JJ 7960 1822 11 legal legal JJ 7960 1822 12 system system NN 7960 1822 13 . . . 7960 1823 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 1823 2 were be VBD 7960 1823 3 destined destine VBN 7960 1823 4 , , , 7960 1823 5 also also RB 7960 1823 6 , , , 7960 1823 7 to to TO 7960 1823 8 exert exert VB 7960 1823 9 considerable considerable JJ 7960 1823 10 influence influence NN 7960 1823 11 upon upon IN 7960 1823 12 Hebrew hebrew JJ 7960 1823 13 legislation legislation NN 7960 1823 14 . . . 7960 1824 1 Centuries century NNS 7960 1824 2 after after IN 7960 1824 3 Hammurabi Hammurabi NNP 7960 1824 4 the the DT 7960 1824 5 enactments enactment NNS 7960 1824 6 of of IN 7960 1824 7 the the DT 7960 1824 8 old old JJ 7960 1824 9 Babylonian babylonian JJ 7960 1824 10 king king NN 7960 1824 11 were be VBD 7960 1824 12 reproduced reproduce VBN 7960 1824 13 in in IN 7960 1824 14 some some DT 7960 1824 15 of of IN 7960 1824 16 the the DT 7960 1824 17 familiar familiar JJ 7960 1824 18 regulations regulation NNS 7960 1824 19 of of IN 7960 1824 20 the the DT 7960 1824 21 laws law NNS 7960 1824 22 of of IN 7960 1824 23 Moses Moses NNP 7960 1824 24 . . . 7960 1825 1 In in IN 7960 1825 2 this this DT 7960 1825 3 way way NN 7960 1825 4 they -PRON- PRP 7960 1825 5 became become VBD 7960 1825 6 the the DT 7960 1825 7 heritage heritage NN 7960 1825 8 of of IN 7960 1825 9 the the DT 7960 1825 10 Hebrews Hebrews NNPS 7960 1825 11 and and CC 7960 1825 12 , , , 7960 1825 13 through through IN 7960 1825 14 them -PRON- PRP 7960 1825 15 , , , 7960 1825 16 of of IN 7960 1825 17 our -PRON- PRP$ 7960 1825 18 modern modern JJ 7960 1825 19 world world NN 7960 1825 20 . . . 7960 1826 1 THE the DT 7960 1826 2 MOSAIC MOSAIC NNP 7960 1826 3 CODE code NN 7960 1826 4 The the DT 7960 1826 5 laws law NNS 7960 1826 6 which which WDT 7960 1826 7 we -PRON- PRP 7960 1826 8 find find VBP 7960 1826 9 in in IN 7960 1826 10 the the DT 7960 1826 11 earlier early JJR 7960 1826 12 books book NNS 7960 1826 13 of of IN 7960 1826 14 the the DT 7960 1826 15 Bible Bible NNP 7960 1826 16 were be VBD 7960 1826 17 ascribed ascribe VBN 7960 1826 18 by by IN 7960 1826 19 the the DT 7960 1826 20 Hebrews Hebrews NNPS 7960 1826 21 to to IN 7960 1826 22 Moses Moses NNP 7960 1826 23 . . . 7960 1827 1 These these DT 7960 1827 2 laws law NNS 7960 1827 3 covered cover VBD 7960 1827 4 a a DT 7960 1827 5 wide wide JJ 7960 1827 6 range range NN 7960 1827 7 of of IN 7960 1827 8 topics topic NNS 7960 1827 9 . . . 7960 1828 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 1828 2 fixed fix VBD 7960 1828 3 all all DT 7960 1828 4 religious religious JJ 7960 1828 5 ceremonies ceremony NNS 7960 1828 6 , , , 7960 1828 7 required require VBD 7960 1828 8 the the DT 7960 1828 9 observance observance NN 7960 1828 10 every every DT 7960 1828 11 seventh seventh JJ 7960 1828 12 day day NN 7960 1828 13 of of IN 7960 1828 14 the the DT 7960 1828 15 Sabbath Sabbath NNP 7960 1828 16 , , , 7960 1828 17 dealt deal VBD 7960 1828 18 with with IN 7960 1828 19 marriage marriage NN 7960 1828 20 and and CC 7960 1828 21 the the DT 7960 1828 22 family family NN 7960 1828 23 , , , 7960 1828 24 stated state VBD 7960 1828 25 the the DT 7960 1828 26 penalties penalty NNS 7960 1828 27 for for IN 7960 1828 28 wrongdoing wrongdoing NN 7960 1828 29 , , , 7960 1828 30 gave give VBD 7960 1828 31 elaborate elaborate JJ 7960 1828 32 rules rule NNS 7960 1828 33 for for IN 7960 1828 34 sacrifices sacrifice NNS 7960 1828 35 , , , 7960 1828 36 and and CC 7960 1828 37 even even RB 7960 1828 38 indicated indicate VBD 7960 1828 39 what what WDT 7960 1828 40 foods food NNS 7960 1828 41 must must MD 7960 1828 42 be be VB 7960 1828 43 avoided avoid VBN 7960 1828 44 as as IN 7960 1828 45 " " `` 7960 1828 46 unclean unclean JJ 7960 1828 47 . . . 7960 1828 48 " " '' 7960 1829 1 No no DT 7960 1829 2 other other JJ 7960 1829 3 ancient ancient JJ 7960 1829 4 people people NNS 7960 1829 5 possessed possess VBN 7960 1829 6 so so RB 7960 1829 7 elaborate elaborate VB 7960 1829 8 a a DT 7960 1829 9 code code NN 7960 1829 10 . . . 7960 1830 1 The the DT 7960 1830 2 Jews Jews NNPS 7960 1830 3 throughout throughout IN 7960 1830 4 the the DT 7960 1830 5 world world NN 7960 1830 6 obey obey VBP 7960 1830 7 , , , 7960 1830 8 to to IN 7960 1830 9 this this DT 7960 1830 10 day day NN 7960 1830 11 , , , 7960 1830 12 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 1830 13 precepts precept NNS 7960 1830 14 . . . 7960 1831 1 And and CC 7960 1831 2 modern modern JJ 7960 1831 3 Christendom Christendom NNP 7960 1831 4 still still RB 7960 1831 5 recites recite VBZ 7960 1831 6 the the DT 7960 1831 7 Ten ten CD 7960 1831 8 Commandments Commandments NNPS 7960 1831 9 , , , 7960 1831 10 the the DT 7960 1831 11 noblest noble JJS 7960 1831 12 summary summary NN 7960 1831 13 of of IN 7960 1831 14 the the DT 7960 1831 15 rules rule NNS 7960 1831 16 of of IN 7960 1831 17 right right JJ 7960 1831 18 living living NN 7960 1831 19 that that WDT 7960 1831 20 has have VBZ 7960 1831 21 come come VBN 7960 1831 22 down down RP 7960 1831 23 to to IN 7960 1831 24 us -PRON- PRP 7960 1831 25 from from IN 7960 1831 26 the the DT 7960 1831 27 ancient ancient JJ 7960 1831 28 world world NN 7960 1831 29 . . . 7960 1832 1 17 17 CD 7960 1832 2 . . . 7960 1833 1 RELIGION religion NN 7960 1833 2 NATURE NATURE NNS 7960 1833 3 WORSHIP worship VBP 7960 1833 4 Oriental oriental JJ 7960 1833 5 ideas idea NNS 7960 1833 6 of of IN 7960 1833 7 religion religion NN 7960 1833 8 , , , 7960 1833 9 even even RB 7960 1833 10 more more RBR 7960 1833 11 than than IN 7960 1833 12 of of IN 7960 1833 13 law law NN 7960 1833 14 and and CC 7960 1833 15 morality morality NN 7960 1833 16 , , , 7960 1833 17 were be VBD 7960 1833 18 the the DT 7960 1833 19 gradual gradual JJ 7960 1833 20 outgrowth outgrowth NN 7960 1833 21 of of IN 7960 1833 22 beliefs belief NNS 7960 1833 23 held hold VBN 7960 1833 24 by by IN 7960 1833 25 the the DT 7960 1833 26 Asiatic asiatic JJ 7960 1833 27 peoples people NNS 7960 1833 28 in in IN 7960 1833 29 prehistoric prehistoric JJ 7960 1833 30 times time NNS 7960 1833 31 . . . 7960 1834 1 Everywhere everywhere RB 7960 1834 2 nature nature NN 7960 1834 3 worship worship NN 7960 1834 4 prevailed prevail VBD 7960 1834 5 . . . 7960 1835 1 The the DT 7960 1835 2 vault vault NN 7960 1835 3 of of IN 7960 1835 4 heaven heaven NNP 7960 1835 5 , , , 7960 1835 6 earth earth NN 7960 1835 7 and and CC 7960 1835 8 ocean ocean NN 7960 1835 9 , , , 7960 1835 10 sun sun NN 7960 1835 11 , , , 7960 1835 12 moon moon NN 7960 1835 13 , , , 7960 1835 14 and and CC 7960 1835 15 stars star NNS 7960 1835 16 were be VBD 7960 1835 17 all all DT 7960 1835 18 regarded regard VBN 7960 1835 19 either either CC 7960 1835 20 as as IN 7960 1835 21 themselves -PRON- PRP 7960 1835 22 divine divine JJ 7960 1835 23 or or CC 7960 1835 24 as as IN 7960 1835 25 the the DT 7960 1835 26 abode abode NN 7960 1835 27 of of IN 7960 1835 28 divinities divinity NNS 7960 1835 29 . . . 7960 1836 1 The the DT 7960 1836 2 sun sun NN 7960 1836 3 was be VBD 7960 1836 4 an an DT 7960 1836 5 object object NN 7960 1836 6 of of IN 7960 1836 7 especial especial JJ 7960 1836 8 adoration adoration NN 7960 1836 9 . . . 7960 1837 1 We -PRON- PRP 7960 1837 2 find find VBP 7960 1837 3 a a DT 7960 1837 4 sun sun NN 7960 1837 5 god god NNP 7960 1837 6 , , , 7960 1837 7 under under IN 7960 1837 8 different different JJ 7960 1837 9 names name NNS 7960 1837 10 , , , 7960 1837 11 in in IN 7960 1837 12 every every DT 7960 1837 13 Oriental oriental JJ 7960 1837 14 country country NN 7960 1837 15 . . . 7960 1838 1 BABYLONIAN BABYLONIAN NNP 7960 1838 2 BELIEF BELIEF NNP 7960 1838 3 IN in IN 7960 1838 4 EVIL evil NN 7960 1838 5 SPIRITS SPIRITS NNP 7960 1838 6 Another another DT 7960 1838 7 inheritance inheritance NN 7960 1838 8 from from IN 7960 1838 9 prehistoric prehistoric JJ 7960 1838 10 times time NNS 7960 1838 11 was be VBD 7960 1838 12 the the DT 7960 1838 13 belief belief NN 7960 1838 14 in in IN 7960 1838 15 evil evil JJ 7960 1838 16 spirits spirit NNS 7960 1838 17 . . . 7960 1839 1 In in IN 7960 1839 2 Babylonia Babylonia NNP 7960 1839 3 and and CC 7960 1839 4 Assyria Assyria NNP 7960 1839 5 this this DT 7960 1839 6 superstition superstition NN 7960 1839 7 became become VBD 7960 1839 8 a a DT 7960 1839 9 prominent prominent JJ 7960 1839 10 feature feature NN 7960 1839 11 of of IN 7960 1839 12 the the DT 7960 1839 13 popular popular JJ 7960 1839 14 religion religion NN 7960 1839 15 . . . 7960 1840 1 Men man NNS 7960 1840 2 supposed suppose VBD 7960 1840 3 themselves -PRON- PRP 7960 1840 4 to to TO 7960 1840 5 be be VB 7960 1840 6 constantly constantly RB 7960 1840 7 surrounded surround VBN 7960 1840 8 by by IN 7960 1840 9 a a DT 7960 1840 10 host host NN 7960 1840 11 of of IN 7960 1840 12 demons demon NNS 7960 1840 13 which which WDT 7960 1840 14 caused cause VBD 7960 1840 15 insanity insanity NN 7960 1840 16 , , , 7960 1840 17 sickness sickness NN 7960 1840 18 , , , 7960 1840 19 disease disease NN 7960 1840 20 , , , 7960 1840 21 and and CC 7960 1840 22 death-- death-- VB 7960 1840 23 all all PDT 7960 1840 24 the the DT 7960 1840 25 ills ill NNS 7960 1840 26 of of IN 7960 1840 27 life life NN 7960 1840 28 . . . 7960 1841 1 People People NNS 7960 1841 2 lived live VBD 7960 1841 3 in in IN 7960 1841 4 constant constant JJ 7960 1841 5 fear fear NN 7960 1841 6 of of IN 7960 1841 7 offending offend VBG 7960 1841 8 these these DT 7960 1841 9 malignant malignant JJ 7960 1841 10 beings being NNS 7960 1841 11 . . . 7960 1842 1 MAGIC MAGIC NNS 7960 1842 2 To to TO 7960 1842 3 cope cope VB 7960 1842 4 with with IN 7960 1842 5 evil evil JJ 7960 1842 6 spirits spirit NNS 7960 1842 7 the the DT 7960 1842 8 Babylonian babylonian JJ 7960 1842 9 used use VBN 7960 1842 10 magic magic NN 7960 1842 11 . . . 7960 1843 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 1843 2 put put VBD 7960 1843 3 up up RP 7960 1843 4 a a DT 7960 1843 5 small small JJ 7960 1843 6 image image NN 7960 1843 7 of of IN 7960 1843 8 a a DT 7960 1843 9 protecting protect VBG 7960 1843 10 god god NNP 7960 1843 11 at at IN 7960 1843 12 the the DT 7960 1843 13 entrance entrance NN 7960 1843 14 to to IN 7960 1843 15 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 1843 16 house house NN 7960 1843 17 and and CC 7960 1843 18 wore wear VBD 7960 1843 19 charms charm NNS 7960 1843 20 upon upon IN 7960 1843 21 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 1843 22 person person NN 7960 1843 23 . . . 7960 1844 1 If if IN 7960 1844 2 he -PRON- PRP 7960 1844 3 felt feel VBD 7960 1844 4 ill ill JJ 7960 1844 5 , , , 7960 1844 6 he -PRON- PRP 7960 1844 7 went go VBD 7960 1844 8 to to IN 7960 1844 9 a a DT 7960 1844 10 priest priest NN 7960 1844 11 , , , 7960 1844 12 who who WP 7960 1844 13 recited recite VBD 7960 1844 14 a a DT 7960 1844 15 long long JJ 7960 1844 16 incantation incantation NN 7960 1844 17 supposed suppose VBN 7960 1844 18 to to TO 7960 1844 19 drive drive VB 7960 1844 20 out out RP 7960 1844 21 the the DT 7960 1844 22 " " `` 7960 1844 23 devil devil NN 7960 1844 24 " " '' 7960 1844 25 afflicting afflict VBG 7960 1844 26 the the DT 7960 1844 27 patient patient NN 7960 1844 28 . . . 7960 1845 1 The the DT 7960 1845 2 reputation reputation NN 7960 1845 3 of of IN 7960 1845 4 the the DT 7960 1845 5 Babylonian babylonian JJ 7960 1845 6 priests priest NNS 7960 1845 7 was be VBD 7960 1845 8 so so RB 7960 1845 9 widespread widespread JJ 7960 1845 10 that that IN 7960 1845 11 in in IN 7960 1845 12 time time NN 7960 1845 13 the the DT 7960 1845 14 name name NN 7960 1845 15 " " `` 7960 1845 16 Chaldean Chaldean NNP 7960 1845 17 " " '' 7960 1845 18 [ [ -LRB- 7960 1845 19 12 12 CD 7960 1845 20 ] ] -RRB- 7960 1845 21 came come VBD 7960 1845 22 to to TO 7960 1845 23 mean mean VB 7960 1845 24 one one CD 7960 1845 25 who who WP 7960 1845 26 is be VBZ 7960 1845 27 a a DT 7960 1845 28 magician magician NN 7960 1845 29 . . . 7960 1846 1 Some some DT 7960 1846 2 of of IN 7960 1846 3 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 1846 4 magical magical JJ 7960 1846 5 rites rite NNS 7960 1846 6 were be VBD 7960 1846 7 borrowed borrow VBN 7960 1846 8 by by IN 7960 1846 9 the the DT 7960 1846 10 Jews Jews NNPS 7960 1846 11 , , , 7960 1846 12 and and CC 7960 1846 13 later later RB 7960 1846 14 by by IN 7960 1846 15 the the DT 7960 1846 16 Romans Romans NNPS 7960 1846 17 , , , 7960 1846 18 from from IN 7960 1846 19 whom whom WP 7960 1846 20 they -PRON- PRP 7960 1846 21 entered enter VBD 7960 1846 22 Christian Christian NNP 7960 1846 23 Europe Europe NNP 7960 1846 24 . . . 7960 1847 1 Another another DT 7960 1847 2 Babylonian babylonian JJ 7960 1847 3 practice practice NN 7960 1847 4 which which WDT 7960 1847 5 spread spread VBD 7960 1847 6 westward westward RB 7960 1847 7 was be VBD 7960 1847 8 that that DT 7960 1847 9 of of IN 7960 1847 10 divination divination NN 7960 1847 11 , , , 7960 1847 12 particularly particularly RB 7960 1847 13 by by IN 7960 1847 14 inspecting inspect VBG 7960 1847 15 the the DT 7960 1847 16 entrails entrail NNS 7960 1847 17 of of IN 7960 1847 18 animals animal NNS 7960 1847 19 slain slain VBP 7960 1847 20 in in IN 7960 1847 21 sacrifice sacrifice NN 7960 1847 22 . . . 7960 1848 1 This this DT 7960 1848 2 was be VBD 7960 1848 3 a a DT 7960 1848 4 very very RB 7960 1848 5 common common JJ 7960 1848 6 method method NN 7960 1848 7 of of IN 7960 1848 8 divination divination NN 7960 1848 9 among among IN 7960 1848 10 the the DT 7960 1848 11 Greeks Greeks NNPS 7960 1848 12 and and CC 7960 1848 13 Romans Romans NNPS 7960 1848 14 . . . 7960 1849 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 1849 2 13 13 CD 7960 1849 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 1849 4 [ [ -LRB- 7960 1849 5 Illustration illustration NN 7960 1849 6 : : : 7960 1849 7 EGYPTIAN egyptian VB 7960 1849 8 SCARAB SCARAB NNP 7960 1849 9 The the DT 7960 1849 10 beetle beetle NN 7960 1849 11 , , , 7960 1849 12 as as IN 7960 1849 13 a a DT 7960 1849 14 symbol symbol NN 7960 1849 15 of of IN 7960 1849 16 birth birth NN 7960 1849 17 and and CC 7960 1849 18 resurrection resurrection NN 7960 1849 19 , , , 7960 1849 20 and and CC 7960 1849 21 hence hence RB 7960 1849 22 of of IN 7960 1849 23 immortality immortality NN 7960 1849 24 , , , 7960 1849 25 enjoyed enjoy VBD 7960 1849 26 much much JJ 7960 1849 27 reverence reverence NN 7960 1849 28 in in IN 7960 1849 29 ancient ancient JJ 7960 1849 30 Egypt Egypt NNP 7960 1849 31 . . . 7960 1850 1 A a DT 7960 1850 2 scarab scarab JJ 7960 1850 3 , , , 7960 1850 4 or or CC 7960 1850 5 image image NN 7960 1850 6 of of IN 7960 1850 7 the the DT 7960 1850 8 beetle beetle NN 7960 1850 9 , , , 7960 1850 10 was be VBD 7960 1850 11 often often RB 7960 1850 12 worn wear VBN 7960 1850 13 as as IN 7960 1850 14 a a DT 7960 1850 15 charm charm NN 7960 1850 16 and and CC 7960 1850 17 was be VBD 7960 1850 18 placed place VBN 7960 1850 19 in in IN 7960 1850 20 the the DT 7960 1850 21 mummy mummy NN 7960 1850 22 as as IN 7960 1850 23 an an DT 7960 1850 24 artificial artificial JJ 7960 1850 25 heart heart NN 7960 1850 26 . . . 7960 1850 27 ] ] -RRB- 7960 1851 1 ASTROLOGY ASTROLOGY NNP 7960 1851 2 Astrology Astrology NNP 7960 1851 3 received receive VBD 7960 1851 4 much much JJ 7960 1851 5 attention attention NN 7960 1851 6 . . . 7960 1852 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 1852 2 was be VBD 7960 1852 3 believed believe VBN 7960 1852 4 that that IN 7960 1852 5 the the DT 7960 1852 6 five five CD 7960 1852 7 planets planet NNS 7960 1852 8 , , , 7960 1852 9 comets comet NNS 7960 1852 10 , , , 7960 1852 11 and and CC 7960 1852 12 eclipses eclipse NNS 7960 1852 13 of of IN 7960 1852 14 the the DT 7960 1852 15 sun sun NN 7960 1852 16 and and CC 7960 1852 17 moon moon NNP 7960 1852 18 exerted exert VBD 7960 1852 19 an an DT 7960 1852 20 influence influence NN 7960 1852 21 for for IN 7960 1852 22 good good JJ 7960 1852 23 or or CC 7960 1852 24 evil evil NN 7960 1852 25 on on IN 7960 1852 26 the the DT 7960 1852 27 life life NN 7960 1852 28 of of IN 7960 1852 29 man man NN 7960 1852 30 . . . 7960 1853 1 Babylonian babylonian JJ 7960 1853 2 astrology astrology NN 7960 1853 3 likewise likewise RB 7960 1853 4 extended extend VBN 7960 1853 5 to to IN 7960 1853 6 western western JJ 7960 1853 7 lands land NNS 7960 1853 8 and and CC 7960 1853 9 became become VBD 7960 1853 10 popular popular JJ 7960 1853 11 among among IN 7960 1853 12 the the DT 7960 1853 13 Greeks Greeks NNPS 7960 1853 14 and and CC 7960 1853 15 Romans Romans NNPS 7960 1853 16 . . . 7960 1854 1 Some some DT 7960 1854 2 of of IN 7960 1854 3 it -PRON- PRP 7960 1854 4 survives survive VBZ 7960 1854 5 to to IN 7960 1854 6 the the DT 7960 1854 7 present present JJ 7960 1854 8 time time NN 7960 1854 9 . . . 7960 1855 1 When when WRB 7960 1855 2 we -PRON- PRP 7960 1855 3 name name VBP 7960 1855 4 the the DT 7960 1855 5 days day NNS 7960 1855 6 Saturday Saturday NNP 7960 1855 7 , , , 7960 1855 8 Sunday Sunday NNP 7960 1855 9 , , , 7960 1855 10 and and CC 7960 1855 11 Monday Monday NNP 7960 1855 12 , , , 7960 1855 13 we -PRON- PRP 7960 1855 14 are be VBP 7960 1855 15 unconscious unconscious JJ 7960 1855 16 astrologers astrologer NNS 7960 1855 17 , , , 7960 1855 18 for for IN 7960 1855 19 in in IN 7960 1855 20 old old JJ 7960 1855 21 belief belief NN 7960 1855 22 the the DT 7960 1855 23 first first JJ 7960 1855 24 day day NN 7960 1855 25 belonged belong VBD 7960 1855 26 to to IN 7960 1855 27 the the DT 7960 1855 28 planet planet NN 7960 1855 29 Saturn Saturn NNP 7960 1855 30 , , , 7960 1855 31 the the DT 7960 1855 32 second second JJ 7960 1855 33 to to IN 7960 1855 34 the the DT 7960 1855 35 sun sun NN 7960 1855 36 , , , 7960 1855 37 and and CC 7960 1855 38 the the DT 7960 1855 39 third third JJ 7960 1855 40 to to IN 7960 1855 41 the the DT 7960 1855 42 moon moon NN 7960 1855 43 . . . 7960 1856 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 1856 2 14 14 CD 7960 1856 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 1856 4 Superstitious superstitious JJ 7960 1856 5 people people NNS 7960 1856 6 who who WP 7960 1856 7 try try VBP 7960 1856 8 to to TO 7960 1856 9 read read VB 7960 1856 10 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 1856 11 fate fate NN 7960 1856 12 in in IN 7960 1856 13 the the DT 7960 1856 14 stars star NNS 7960 1856 15 are be VBP 7960 1856 16 really really RB 7960 1856 17 practicing practice VBG 7960 1856 18 an an DT 7960 1856 19 art art NN 7960 1856 20 of of IN 7960 1856 21 Babylonian babylonian JJ 7960 1856 22 origin origin NN 7960 1856 23 . . . 7960 1857 1 EGYPTIAN EGYPTIAN NNP 7960 1857 2 ANIMAL ANIMAL NNS 7960 1857 3 WORSHIP worship VBP 7960 1857 4 Less less RBR 7960 1857 5 influential influential JJ 7960 1857 6 in in IN 7960 1857 7 later later JJ 7960 1857 8 times time NNS 7960 1857 9 was be VBD 7960 1857 10 the the DT 7960 1857 11 animal animal NN 7960 1857 12 worship worship NN 7960 1857 13 of of IN 7960 1857 14 the the DT 7960 1857 15 Egyptians Egyptians NNPS 7960 1857 16 . . . 7960 1858 1 This this DT 7960 1858 2 , , , 7960 1858 3 too too RB 7960 1858 4 , , , 7960 1858 5 formed form VBD 7960 1858 6 a a DT 7960 1858 7 heritage heritage NN 7960 1858 8 from from IN 7960 1858 9 the the DT 7960 1858 10 prehistoric prehistoric JJ 7960 1858 11 past past NN 7960 1858 12 . . . 7960 1859 1 Many many JJ 7960 1859 2 common common JJ 7960 1859 3 animals animal NNS 7960 1859 4 of of IN 7960 1859 5 Egypt Egypt NNP 7960 1859 6 -- -- : 7960 1859 7 the the DT 7960 1859 8 cat cat NN 7960 1859 9 , , , 7960 1859 10 hawk hawk NNP 7960 1859 11 , , , 7960 1859 12 the the DT 7960 1859 13 jackal jackal NN 7960 1859 14 , , , 7960 1859 15 the the DT 7960 1859 16 bull bull NN 7960 1859 17 , , , 7960 1859 18 the the DT 7960 1859 19 ram ram NN 7960 1859 20 , , , 7960 1859 21 the the DT 7960 1859 22 crocodile crocodile NN 7960 1859 23 -- -- : 7960 1859 24 were be VBD 7960 1859 25 highly highly RB 7960 1859 26 reverenced reverence VBN 7960 1859 27 . . . 7960 1860 1 Some some DT 7960 1860 2 received receive VBD 7960 1860 3 worship worship NN 7960 1860 4 because because IN 7960 1860 5 deities deity NNS 7960 1860 6 were be VBD 7960 1860 7 supposed suppose VBN 7960 1860 8 to to TO 7960 1860 9 dwell dwell VB 7960 1860 10 in in IN 7960 1860 11 them -PRON- PRP 7960 1860 12 . . . 7960 1861 1 The the DT 7960 1861 2 larger large JJR 7960 1861 3 number number NN 7960 1861 4 , , , 7960 1861 5 however however RB 7960 1861 6 , , , 7960 1861 7 were be VBD 7960 1861 8 not not RB 7960 1861 9 worshiped worship VBN 7960 1861 10 for for IN 7960 1861 11 themselves -PRON- PRP 7960 1861 12 , , , 7960 1861 13 but but CC 7960 1861 14 as as IN 7960 1861 15 symbols symbol NNS 7960 1861 16 of of IN 7960 1861 17 different different JJ 7960 1861 18 gods god NNS 7960 1861 19 . . . 7960 1862 1 MONOTHEISM MONOTHEISM NNP 7960 1862 2 IN in IN 7960 1862 3 PERSIA PERSIA NNP 7960 1862 4 In in IN 7960 1862 5 the the DT 7960 1862 6 midst midst NN 7960 1862 7 of of IN 7960 1862 8 such such PDT 7960 1862 9 an an DT 7960 1862 10 assemblage assemblage NN 7960 1862 11 of of IN 7960 1862 12 nature nature NN 7960 1862 13 deities deity NNS 7960 1862 14 , , , 7960 1862 15 spirits spirit NNS 7960 1862 16 , , , 7960 1862 17 and and CC 7960 1862 18 sacred sacred JJ 7960 1862 19 animals animal NNS 7960 1862 20 , , , 7960 1862 21 it -PRON- PRP 7960 1862 22 was be VBD 7960 1862 23 remarkable remarkable JJ 7960 1862 24 that that IN 7960 1862 25 the the DT 7960 1862 26 belief belief NN 7960 1862 27 in in IN 7960 1862 28 one one CD 7960 1862 29 god god NNP 7960 1862 30 should should MD 7960 1862 31 ever ever RB 7960 1862 32 have have VB 7960 1862 33 arisen arise VBN 7960 1862 34 . . . 7960 1863 1 The the DT 7960 1863 2 Medes Medes NNP 7960 1863 3 and and CC 7960 1863 4 Persians Persians NNPS 7960 1863 5 accepted accept VBD 7960 1863 6 the the DT 7960 1863 7 teachings teaching NNS 7960 1863 8 of of IN 7960 1863 9 Zoroaster Zoroaster NNP 7960 1863 10 , , , 7960 1863 11 a a DT 7960 1863 12 great great JJ 7960 1863 13 prophet prophet NN 7960 1863 14 who who WP 7960 1863 15 lived live VBD 7960 1863 16 perhaps perhaps RB 7960 1863 17 as as RB 7960 1863 18 early early RB 7960 1863 19 as as IN 7960 1863 20 1000 1000 CD 7960 1863 21 B.C. B.C. NNP 7960 1864 1 According accord VBG 7960 1864 2 to to IN 7960 1864 3 Zoroaster Zoroaster NNP 7960 1864 4 , , , 7960 1864 5 Ahuramazda Ahuramazda NNP 7960 1864 6 , , , 7960 1864 7 the the DT 7960 1864 8 heaven heaven NN 7960 1864 9 - - HYPH 7960 1864 10 deity deity NN 7960 1864 11 , , , 7960 1864 12 is be VBZ 7960 1864 13 the the DT 7960 1864 14 maker maker NN 7960 1864 15 and and CC 7960 1864 16 upholder uphold JJR 7960 1864 17 of of IN 7960 1864 18 the the DT 7960 1864 19 universe universe NN 7960 1864 20 . . . 7960 1865 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 1865 2 is be VBZ 7960 1865 3 a a DT 7960 1865 4 god god NN 7960 1865 5 of of IN 7960 1865 6 light light NN 7960 1865 7 and and CC 7960 1865 8 order order NN 7960 1865 9 , , , 7960 1865 10 of of IN 7960 1865 11 truth truth NN 7960 1865 12 and and CC 7960 1865 13 purity purity NN 7960 1865 14 . . . 7960 1866 1 Against against IN 7960 1866 2 him -PRON- PRP 7960 1866 3 stands stand VBZ 7960 1866 4 Ahriman Ahriman NNP 7960 1866 5 , , , 7960 1866 6 the the DT 7960 1866 7 personification personification NN 7960 1866 8 of of IN 7960 1866 9 darkness darkness NN 7960 1866 10 and and CC 7960 1866 11 evil evil NN 7960 1866 12 . . . 7960 1867 1 Ahuramazda ahuramazda JJ 7960 1867 2 in in IN 7960 1867 3 the the DT 7960 1867 4 end end NN 7960 1867 5 will will MD 7960 1867 6 overcome overcome VB 7960 1867 7 Ahriman Ahriman NNP 7960 1867 8 and and CC 7960 1867 9 will will MD 7960 1867 10 reign reign VB 7960 1867 11 supreme supreme NNP 7960 1867 12 in in IN 7960 1867 13 a a DT 7960 1867 14 righteous righteous JJ 7960 1867 15 world world NN 7960 1867 16 . . . 7960 1868 1 Zoroastrianism zoroastrianism NN 7960 1868 2 was be VBD 7960 1868 3 the the DT 7960 1868 4 only only JJ 7960 1868 5 monotheistic monotheistic JJ 7960 1868 6 religion religion NN 7960 1868 7 developed develop VBN 7960 1868 8 by by IN 7960 1868 9 an an DT 7960 1868 10 Indo- indo- JJ 7960 1868 11 European european JJ 7960 1868 12 people people NNS 7960 1868 13 . . . 7960 1869 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 1869 2 15 15 CD 7960 1869 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 1869 4 [ [ -LRB- 7960 1869 5 Illustration illustration NN 7960 1869 6 : : : 7960 1869 7 AMENHOTEP AMENHOTEP NNP 7960 1869 8 IV IV NNP 7960 1869 9 A a DT 7960 1869 10 striking strike VBG 7960 1869 11 likeness likeness NN 7960 1869 12 of of IN 7960 1869 13 an an DT 7960 1869 14 Egyptian egyptian JJ 7960 1869 15 king king NN 7960 1869 16 ( ( -LRB- 7960 1869 17 reigned reign VBN 7960 1869 18 about about RB 7960 1869 19 1375 1375 CD 7960 1869 20 - - SYM 7960 1869 21 1358 1358 CD 7960 1869 22 B.C. B.C. NNP 7960 1869 23 ) ) -RRB- 7960 1870 1 who who WP 7960 1870 2 endeavored endeavor VBD 7960 1870 3 to to TO 7960 1870 4 introduce introduce VB 7960 1870 5 monotheism monotheism NN 7960 1870 6 in in IN 7960 1870 7 Egypt Egypt NNP 7960 1870 8 by by IN 7960 1870 9 abolishing abolish VBG 7960 1870 10 the the DT 7960 1870 11 worship worship NN 7960 1870 12 of of IN 7960 1870 13 all all DT 7960 1870 14 gods god NNS 7960 1870 15 except except IN 7960 1870 16 the the DT 7960 1870 17 sun sun NN 7960 1870 18 god god NNP 7960 1870 19 . . . 7960 1871 1 This this DT 7960 1871 2 religious religious JJ 7960 1871 3 revolution revolution NN 7960 1871 4 ended end VBD 7960 1871 5 in in IN 7960 1871 6 failure failure NN 7960 1871 7 for for IN 7960 1871 8 after after IN 7960 1871 9 the the DT 7960 1871 10 king king NN 7960 1871 11 's 's POS 7960 1871 12 death death NN 7960 1871 13 the the DT 7960 1871 14 old old JJ 7960 1871 15 deities deity NNS 7960 1871 16 were be VBD 7960 1871 17 restored restore VBN 7960 1871 18 to to TO 7960 1871 19 honor honor VB 7960 1871 20 . . . 7960 1871 21 ] ] -RRB- 7960 1872 1 HEBREW hebrew NN 7960 1872 2 MONOTHEISM MONOTHEISM NNP 7960 1872 3 The the DT 7960 1872 4 Hebrews Hebrews NNPS 7960 1872 5 , , , 7960 1872 6 alone alone RB 7960 1872 7 among among IN 7960 1872 8 the the DT 7960 1872 9 Semitic semitic JJ 7960 1872 10 peoples people NNS 7960 1872 11 of of IN 7960 1872 12 antiquity antiquity NN 7960 1872 13 , , , 7960 1872 14 were be VBD 7960 1872 15 to to TO 7960 1872 16 develop develop VB 7960 1872 17 the the DT 7960 1872 18 worship worship NN 7960 1872 19 of of IN 7960 1872 20 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 1872 21 god god NN 7960 1872 22 , , , 7960 1872 23 Jehovah Jehovah NNP 7960 1872 24 , , , 7960 1872 25 into into IN 7960 1872 26 a a DT 7960 1872 27 lasting lasting JJ 7960 1872 28 monotheism monotheism NN 7960 1872 29 . . . 7960 1873 1 This this DT 7960 1873 2 was be VBD 7960 1873 3 a a DT 7960 1873 4 long long JJ 7960 1873 5 and and CC 7960 1873 6 gradual gradual JJ 7960 1873 7 process process NN 7960 1873 8 Jehovah Jehovah NNP 7960 1873 9 was be VBD 7960 1873 10 at at IN 7960 1873 11 first first RB 7960 1873 12 regarded regard VBN 7960 1873 13 as as IN 7960 1873 14 the the DT 7960 1873 15 peculiar peculiar JJ 7960 1873 16 divinity divinity NN 7960 1873 17 of of IN 7960 1873 18 the the DT 7960 1873 19 Hebrews Hebrews NNPS 7960 1873 20 . . . 7960 1874 1 His -PRON- PRP$ 7960 1874 2 worshipers worshiper NNS 7960 1874 3 did do VBD 7960 1874 4 not not RB 7960 1874 5 deny deny VB 7960 1874 6 the the DT 7960 1874 7 existence existence NN 7960 1874 8 of of IN 7960 1874 9 the the DT 7960 1874 10 gods god NNS 7960 1874 11 of of IN 7960 1874 12 other other JJ 7960 1874 13 nations nation NNS 7960 1874 14 . . . 7960 1875 1 From from IN 7960 1875 2 the the DT 7960 1875 3 eighth eighth JJ 7960 1875 4 century century NN 7960 1875 5 onward onward RB 7960 1875 6 this this DT 7960 1875 7 narrow narrow JJ 7960 1875 8 conception conception NN 7960 1875 9 of of IN 7960 1875 10 Jehovah Jehovah NNP 7960 1875 11 was be VBD 7960 1875 12 transformed transform VBN 7960 1875 13 by by IN 7960 1875 14 the the DT 7960 1875 15 labors labor NNS 7960 1875 16 of of IN 7960 1875 17 the the DT 7960 1875 18 Hebrew hebrew JJ 7960 1875 19 prophets prophet NNS 7960 1875 20 . . . 7960 1876 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 1876 2 taught teach VBD 7960 1876 3 that that IN 7960 1876 4 Jehovah Jehovah NNP 7960 1876 5 was be VBD 7960 1876 6 the the DT 7960 1876 7 creator creator NN 7960 1876 8 and and CC 7960 1876 9 ruler ruler NN 7960 1876 10 of of IN 7960 1876 11 the the DT 7960 1876 12 world world NN 7960 1876 13 and and CC 7960 1876 14 the the DT 7960 1876 15 loving love VBG 7960 1876 16 father father NN 7960 1876 17 of of IN 7960 1876 18 all all DT 7960 1876 19 mankind mankind NN 7960 1876 20 . . . 7960 1877 1 On on IN 7960 1877 2 Hebrew hebrew JJ 7960 1877 3 monotheism monotheism NN 7960 1877 4 two two CD 7960 1877 5 world world NN 7960 1877 6 religions religion NNS 7960 1877 7 have have VBP 7960 1877 8 been be VBN 7960 1877 9 founded found VBN 7960 1877 10 -- -- : 7960 1877 11 Mohammedanism Mohammedanism NNP 7960 1877 12 and and CC 7960 1877 13 Christianity Christianity NNP 7960 1877 14 . . . 7960 1878 1 EGYPTIAN EGYPTIAN NNP 7960 1878 2 IDEAS ideas NN 7960 1878 3 OF of IN 7960 1878 4 THE the DT 7960 1878 5 FUTURE FUTURE NNP 7960 1878 6 LIFE LIFE NNP 7960 1878 7 We -PRON- PRP 7960 1878 8 do do VBP 7960 1878 9 not not RB 7960 1878 10 find find VB 7960 1878 11 among among IN 7960 1878 12 the the DT 7960 1878 13 early early JJ 7960 1878 14 Hebrews Hebrews NNPS 7960 1878 15 or or CC 7960 1878 16 any any DT 7960 1878 17 other other JJ 7960 1878 18 Oriental oriental JJ 7960 1878 19 people people NNS 7960 1878 20 very very RB 7960 1878 21 clear clear JJ 7960 1878 22 ideas idea NNS 7960 1878 23 about about IN 7960 1878 24 the the DT 7960 1878 25 life life NN 7960 1878 26 after after IN 7960 1878 27 death death NN 7960 1878 28 . . . 7960 1879 1 The the DT 7960 1879 2 Egyptians Egyptians NNPS 7960 1879 3 long long RB 7960 1879 4 believed believe VBD 7960 1879 5 that that IN 7960 1879 6 the the DT 7960 1879 7 soul soul NN 7960 1879 8 of of IN 7960 1879 9 the the DT 7960 1879 10 dead dead JJ 7960 1879 11 man man NN 7960 1879 12 resided reside VBD 7960 1879 13 in in IN 7960 1879 14 or or CC 7960 1879 15 near near IN 7960 1879 16 the the DT 7960 1879 17 tomb tomb NN 7960 1879 18 , , , 7960 1879 19 closely closely RB 7960 1879 20 associated associate VBN 7960 1879 21 with with IN 7960 1879 22 the the DT 7960 1879 23 body body NN 7960 1879 24 . . . 7960 1880 1 This this DT 7960 1880 2 notion notion NN 7960 1880 3 seems seem VBZ 7960 1880 4 to to TO 7960 1880 5 have have VB 7960 1880 6 first first RB 7960 1880 7 led lead VBN 7960 1880 8 to to IN 7960 1880 9 the the DT 7960 1880 10 practice practice NN 7960 1880 11 of of IN 7960 1880 12 embalming embalm VBG 7960 1880 13 the the DT 7960 1880 14 corpse corpse NN 7960 1880 15 , , , 7960 1880 16 so so IN 7960 1880 17 that that IN 7960 1880 18 it -PRON- PRP 7960 1880 19 might may MD 7960 1880 20 never never RB 7960 1880 21 suffer suffer VB 7960 1880 22 decay decay NN 7960 1880 23 . . . 7960 1881 1 If if IN 7960 1881 2 the the DT 7960 1881 3 body body NN 7960 1881 4 was be VBD 7960 1881 5 not not RB 7960 1881 6 preserved preserve VBN 7960 1881 7 , , , 7960 1881 8 the the DT 7960 1881 9 soul soul NN 7960 1881 10 might may MD 7960 1881 11 die die VB 7960 1881 12 , , , 7960 1881 13 or or CC 7960 1881 14 it -PRON- PRP 7960 1881 15 might may MD 7960 1881 16 become become VB 7960 1881 17 a a DT 7960 1881 18 wandering wandering NN 7960 1881 19 ghost ghost NN 7960 1881 20 , , , 7960 1881 21 restless restless JJ 7960 1881 22 and and CC 7960 1881 23 dangerous dangerous JJ 7960 1881 24 to to IN 7960 1881 25 the the DT 7960 1881 26 living living NN 7960 1881 27 . . . 7960 1882 1 Later later RBR 7960 1882 2 Egyptian egyptian JJ 7960 1882 3 thought thought NN 7960 1882 4 regarded regard VBD 7960 1882 5 the the DT 7960 1882 6 future future JJ 7960 1882 7 state state NN 7960 1882 8 as as IN 7960 1882 9 a a DT 7960 1882 10 place place NN 7960 1882 11 of of IN 7960 1882 12 rewards reward NNS 7960 1882 13 and and CC 7960 1882 14 punishments punishment NNS 7960 1882 15 . . . 7960 1883 1 One one CD 7960 1883 2 of of IN 7960 1883 3 the the DT 7960 1883 4 chapters chapter NNS 7960 1883 5 of of IN 7960 1883 6 the the DT 7960 1883 7 work work NN 7960 1883 8 called call VBD 7960 1883 9 the the DT 7960 1883 10 _ _ NNP 7960 1883 11 Book Book NNP 7960 1883 12 of of IN 7960 1883 13 the the DT 7960 1883 14 Dead Dead NNP 7960 1883 15 _ _ NNP 7960 1883 16 describes describe VBZ 7960 1883 17 the the DT 7960 1883 18 judgment judgment NN 7960 1883 19 of of IN 7960 1883 20 the the DT 7960 1883 21 soul soul NN 7960 1883 22 in in IN 7960 1883 23 the the DT 7960 1883 24 spirit spirit NNP 7960 1883 25 world world NN 7960 1883 26 . . . 7960 1884 1 If if IN 7960 1884 2 a a DT 7960 1884 3 man man NN 7960 1884 4 in in IN 7960 1884 5 the the DT 7960 1884 6 earthly earthly JJ 7960 1884 7 life life NN 7960 1884 8 had have VBD 7960 1884 9 not not RB 7960 1884 10 murdered murder VBN 7960 1884 11 , , , 7960 1884 12 stolen steal VBN 7960 1884 13 , , , 7960 1884 14 coveted covet VBD 7960 1884 15 the the DT 7960 1884 16 property property NN 7960 1884 17 of of IN 7960 1884 18 others other NNS 7960 1884 19 , , , 7960 1884 20 blasphemed blaspheme VBD 7960 1884 21 the the DT 7960 1884 22 gods god NNS 7960 1884 23 , , , 7960 1884 24 borne bear VBN 7960 1884 25 false false JJ 7960 1884 26 witness witness NN 7960 1884 27 , , , 7960 1884 28 ill ill NNP 7960 1884 29 treated treat VBD 7960 1884 30 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 1884 31 parents parent NNS 7960 1884 32 , , , 7960 1884 33 or or CC 7960 1884 34 committed commit VBD 7960 1884 35 certain certain JJ 7960 1884 36 other other JJ 7960 1884 37 wrongs wrong NNS 7960 1884 38 , , , 7960 1884 39 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 1884 40 soul soul NN 7960 1884 41 would would MD 7960 1884 42 enjoy enjoy VB 7960 1884 43 a a DT 7960 1884 44 blissful blissful JJ 7960 1884 45 immortality immortality NN 7960 1884 46 . . . 7960 1885 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 1885 2 Illustration illustration NN 7960 1885 3 : : : 7960 1885 4 MUMMY MUMMY NNP 7960 1885 5 AND and CC 7960 1885 6 COVER COVER NNS 7960 1885 7 OF of IN 7960 1885 8 COFFIN COFFIN NNP 7960 1885 9 ( ( -LRB- 7960 1885 10 U.S. U.S. NNP 7960 1885 11 National National NNP 7960 1885 12 Museum Museum NNP 7960 1885 13 , , , 7960 1885 14 Washington Washington NNP 7960 1885 15 ) ) -RRB- 7960 1885 16 ] ] -RRB- 7960 1885 17 BABYLONIAN BABYLONIAN NNP 7960 1885 18 AND and CC 7960 1885 19 HEBREW hebrew NN 7960 1885 20 IDEAS ideas NN 7960 1885 21 OF of IN 7960 1885 22 THE the DT 7960 1885 23 FUTURE future NN 7960 1885 24 LIFE LIFE NNP 7960 1885 25 Some some DT 7960 1885 26 Oriental oriental JJ 7960 1885 27 peoples people NNS 7960 1885 28 kept keep VBD 7960 1885 29 the the DT 7960 1885 30 primitive primitive JJ 7960 1885 31 belief belief NN 7960 1885 32 that that IN 7960 1885 33 after after IN 7960 1885 34 death death NN 7960 1885 35 all all DT 7960 1885 36 men man NNS 7960 1885 37 , , , 7960 1885 38 good good JJ 7960 1885 39 and and CC 7960 1885 40 bad bad JJ 7960 1885 41 alike alike RB 7960 1885 42 , , , 7960 1885 43 suffered suffer VBD 7960 1885 44 the the DT 7960 1885 45 same same JJ 7960 1885 46 fate fate NN 7960 1885 47 . . . 7960 1886 1 The the DT 7960 1886 2 Babylonians Babylonians NNPS 7960 1886 3 supposed suppose VBD 7960 1886 4 that that IN 7960 1886 5 the the DT 7960 1886 6 souls soul NNS 7960 1886 7 of of IN 7960 1886 8 the the DT 7960 1886 9 departed depart VBN 7960 1886 10 passed pass VBD 7960 1886 11 a a DT 7960 1886 12 cheerless cheerless JJ 7960 1886 13 existence existence NN 7960 1886 14 in in IN 7960 1886 15 a a DT 7960 1886 16 gloomy gloomy JJ 7960 1886 17 and and CC 7960 1886 18 Hebrew hebrew JJ 7960 1886 19 underworld underworld NN 7960 1886 20 . . . 7960 1887 1 The the DT 7960 1887 2 early early JJ 7960 1887 3 Hebrew hebrew JJ 7960 1887 4 idea idea NN 7960 1887 5 of of IN 7960 1887 6 Sheol Sheol NNP 7960 1887 7 , , , 7960 1887 8 " " '' 7960 1887 9 the the DT 7960 1887 10 land land NN 7960 1887 11 of of IN 7960 1887 12 darkness darkness NN 7960 1887 13 and and CC 7960 1887 14 the the DT 7960 1887 15 shadow shadow NN 7960 1887 16 of of IN 7960 1887 17 death death NN 7960 1887 18 , , , 7960 1887 19 " " '' 7960 1887 20 [ [ -LRB- 7960 1887 21 16 16 CD 7960 1887 22 ] ] -RRB- 7960 1887 23 was be VBD 7960 1887 24 very very RB 7960 1887 25 similar similar JJ 7960 1887 26 . . . 7960 1888 1 Such such JJ 7960 1888 2 thoughts thought NNS 7960 1888 3 of of IN 7960 1888 4 the the DT 7960 1888 5 future future JJ 7960 1888 6 life life NN 7960 1888 7 left leave VBD 7960 1888 8 nothing nothing NN 7960 1888 9 for for IN 7960 1888 10 either either DT 7960 1888 11 fear fear NN 7960 1888 12 or or CC 7960 1888 13 hope hope NN 7960 1888 14 . . . 7960 1889 1 In in IN 7960 1889 2 later later JJ 7960 1889 3 times time NNS 7960 1889 4 , , , 7960 1889 5 however however RB 7960 1889 6 , , , 7960 1889 7 the the DT 7960 1889 8 Hebrews Hebrews NNPS 7960 1889 9 came come VBD 7960 1889 10 to to TO 7960 1889 11 believe believe VB 7960 1889 12 in in IN 7960 1889 13 the the DT 7960 1889 14 resurrection resurrection NN 7960 1889 15 of of IN 7960 1889 16 the the DT 7960 1889 17 dead dead JJ 7960 1889 18 and and CC 7960 1889 19 the the DT 7960 1889 20 last last JJ 7960 1889 21 judgment judgment NN 7960 1889 22 , , , 7960 1889 23 conceptions conception NNS 7960 1889 24 afterwards afterwards RB 7960 1889 25 adopted adopt VBN 7960 1889 26 by by IN 7960 1889 27 Christianity Christianity NNP 7960 1889 28 . . . 7960 1890 1 18 18 CD 7960 1890 2 . . . 7960 1891 1 LITERATURE LITERATURE NNP 7960 1891 2 AND and CC 7960 1891 3 ART art NN 7960 1891 4 THE the DT 7960 1891 5 EGYPTIAN egyptian NN 7960 1891 6 BOOK BOOK NNS 7960 1891 7 OF of IN 7960 1891 8 THE the DT 7960 1891 9 DEAD DEAD NNP 7960 1891 10 Religion Religion NNP 7960 1891 11 inspired inspire VBD 7960 1891 12 the the DT 7960 1891 13 largest large JJS 7960 1891 14 part part NN 7960 1891 15 of of IN 7960 1891 16 ancient ancient JJ 7960 1891 17 literature literature NN 7960 1891 18 . . . 7960 1892 1 Each each DT 7960 1892 2 Oriental oriental JJ 7960 1892 3 people people NNS 7960 1892 4 possessed possess VBD 7960 1892 5 sacred sacred JJ 7960 1892 6 writings writing NNS 7960 1892 7 . . . 7960 1893 1 The the DT 7960 1893 2 Egyptian Egyptian NNP 7960 1893 3 _ _ NNP 7960 1893 4 Book Book NNP 7960 1893 5 of of IN 7960 1893 6 the the DT 7960 1893 7 Dead Dead NNP 7960 1893 8 _ _ NNP 7960 1893 9 was be VBD 7960 1893 10 already already RB 7960 1893 11 venerable venerable JJ 7960 1893 12 in in IN 7960 1893 13 3000 3000 CD 7960 1893 14 B.C. B.C. NNP 7960 1894 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 1894 2 was be VBD 7960 1894 3 a a DT 7960 1894 4 collection collection NN 7960 1894 5 of of IN 7960 1894 6 hymns hymn NNS 7960 1894 7 , , , 7960 1894 8 prayers prayer NNS 7960 1894 9 , , , 7960 1894 10 and and CC 7960 1894 11 magical magical JJ 7960 1894 12 phrases phrase NNS 7960 1894 13 to to TO 7960 1894 14 be be VB 7960 1894 15 recited recite VBN 7960 1894 16 by by IN 7960 1894 17 the the DT 7960 1894 18 soul soul NN 7960 1894 19 on on IN 7960 1894 20 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 1894 21 journey journey NN 7960 1894 22 beyond beyond IN 7960 1894 23 the the DT 7960 1894 24 grave grave NN 7960 1894 25 and and CC 7960 1894 26 in in IN 7960 1894 27 the the DT 7960 1894 28 spirit spirit NNP 7960 1894 29 world world NN 7960 1894 30 . . . 7960 1895 1 A a DT 7960 1895 2 chapter chapter NN 7960 1895 3 from from IN 7960 1895 4 this this DT 7960 1895 5 work work NN 7960 1895 6 usually usually RB 7960 1895 7 covered cover VBD 7960 1895 8 the the DT 7960 1895 9 inner inner JJ 7960 1895 10 side side NN 7960 1895 11 of of IN 7960 1895 12 the the DT 7960 1895 13 mummy mummy JJ 7960 1895 14 case case NN 7960 1895 15 . . . 7960 1896 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 1896 2 Illustration illustration NN 7960 1896 3 : : : 7960 1896 4 THE the DT 7960 1896 5 JUDGMENT JUDGMENT NNP 7960 1896 6 OF of IN 7960 1896 7 THE the DT 7960 1896 8 DEAD DEAD NNP 7960 1896 9 From from IN 7960 1896 10 a a DT 7960 1896 11 papyrus papyrus NN 7960 1896 12 containing contain VBG 7960 1896 13 the the DT 7960 1896 14 _ _ NNP 7960 1896 15 Book Book NNP 7960 1896 16 of of IN 7960 1896 17 the the DT 7960 1896 18 Dead Dead NNP 7960 1896 19 _ _ NNP 7960 1896 20 . . . 7960 1897 1 The the DT 7960 1897 2 illustration illustration NN 7960 1897 3 shows show VBZ 7960 1897 4 a a DT 7960 1897 5 man man NN 7960 1897 6 and and CC 7960 1897 7 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 1897 8 wife wife NN 7960 1897 9 ( ( -LRB- 7960 1897 10 at at IN 7960 1897 11 the the DT 7960 1897 12 left left NN 7960 1897 13 ) ) -RRB- 7960 1897 14 entering enter VBG 7960 1897 15 the the DT 7960 1897 16 hall hall NN 7960 1897 17 in in IN 7960 1897 18 the the DT 7960 1897 19 spirit spirit NNP 7960 1897 20 world world NN 7960 1897 21 , , , 7960 1897 22 where where WRB 7960 1897 23 sits sit VBZ 7960 1897 24 the the DT 7960 1897 25 god god NNP 7960 1897 26 of of IN 7960 1897 27 the the DT 7960 1897 28 dead dead JJ 7960 1897 29 with with IN 7960 1897 30 forty forty CD 7960 1897 31 two two CD 7960 1897 32 jurors juror NNS 7960 1897 33 ( ( -LRB- 7960 1897 34 seen see VBN 7960 1897 35 above above RB 7960 1897 36 ) ) -RRB- 7960 1897 37 as as IN 7960 1897 38 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 1897 39 assistants assistant NNS 7960 1897 40 . . . 7960 1898 1 The the DT 7960 1898 2 heart heart NN 7960 1898 3 of of IN 7960 1898 4 the the DT 7960 1898 5 man man NN 7960 1898 6 , , , 7960 1898 7 symbolized symbolize VBN 7960 1898 8 by by IN 7960 1898 9 a a DT 7960 1898 10 jar jar NN 7960 1898 11 , , , 7960 1898 12 is be VBZ 7960 1898 13 being be VBG 7960 1898 14 weighed weigh VBN 7960 1898 15 in in IN 7960 1898 16 balances balance NNS 7960 1898 17 by by IN 7960 1898 18 a a DT 7960 1898 19 jackal jackal NN 7960 1898 20 - - HYPH 7960 1898 21 headed head VBN 7960 1898 22 god god NNP 7960 1898 23 against against IN 7960 1898 24 a a DT 7960 1898 25 feather feather NN 7960 1898 26 , , , 7960 1898 27 the the DT 7960 1898 28 symbol symbol NN 7960 1898 29 of of IN 7960 1898 30 truth truth NN 7960 1898 31 . . . 7960 1899 1 The the DT 7960 1899 2 monster monster NN 7960 1899 3 in in IN 7960 1899 4 the the DT 7960 1899 5 right right JJ 7960 1899 6 hand hand NN 7960 1899 7 corner corner NN 7960 1899 8 stands stand VBZ 7960 1899 9 ready ready JJ 7960 1899 10 to to TO 7960 1899 11 devour devour VB 7960 1899 12 the the DT 7960 1899 13 soul soul NN 7960 1899 14 , , , 7960 1899 15 if if IN 7960 1899 16 the the DT 7960 1899 17 heart heart NN 7960 1899 18 is be VBZ 7960 1899 19 found find VBN 7960 1899 20 lighter light JJR 7960 1899 21 than than IN 7960 1899 22 the the DT 7960 1899 23 feather feather NN 7960 1899 24 . . . 7960 1899 25 ] ] -RRB- 7960 1900 1 THE the DT 7960 1900 2 BABYLONIAN BABYLONIAN NNP 7960 1900 3 EPICS epic VBZ 7960 1900 4 Much much RB 7960 1900 5 more more RBR 7960 1900 6 interesting interesting JJ 7960 1900 7 are be VBP 7960 1900 8 the the DT 7960 1900 9 two two CD 7960 1900 10 Babylonian babylonian JJ 7960 1900 11 epics epic NNS 7960 1900 12 , , , 7960 1900 13 fragments fragment NNS 7960 1900 14 of of IN 7960 1900 15 which which WDT 7960 1900 16 were be VBD 7960 1900 17 found find VBN 7960 1900 18 on on IN 7960 1900 19 clay clay NN 7960 1900 20 tablets tablet NNS 7960 1900 21 in in IN 7960 1900 22 a a DT 7960 1900 23 royal royal JJ 7960 1900 24 library library NN 7960 1900 25 at at IN 7960 1900 26 Nineveh Nineveh NNP 7960 1900 27 . . . 7960 1901 1 The the DT 7960 1901 2 epic epic NN 7960 1901 3 of of IN 7960 1901 4 the the DT 7960 1901 5 Creation Creation NNP 7960 1901 6 tells tell VBZ 7960 1901 7 how how WRB 7960 1901 8 the the DT 7960 1901 9 god god NNP 7960 1901 10 Marduk Marduk NNP 7960 1901 11 overcame overcome VBD 7960 1901 12 a a DT 7960 1901 13 terrible terrible JJ 7960 1901 14 dragon dragon NN 7960 1901 15 , , , 7960 1901 16 the the DT 7960 1901 17 symbol symbol NN 7960 1901 18 of of IN 7960 1901 19 primeval primeval NN 7960 1901 20 chaos chaos NN 7960 1901 21 , , , 7960 1901 22 and and CC 7960 1901 23 thus thus RB 7960 1901 24 established establish VBN 7960 1901 25 order order NN 7960 1901 26 in in IN 7960 1901 27 the the DT 7960 1901 28 universe universe NN 7960 1901 29 . . . 7960 1902 1 Then then RB 7960 1902 2 with with IN 7960 1902 3 half half PDT 7960 1902 4 the the DT 7960 1902 5 body body NN 7960 1902 6 of of IN 7960 1902 7 the the DT 7960 1902 8 dead dead JJ 7960 1902 9 dragon dragon NN 7960 1902 10 he -PRON- PRP 7960 1902 11 made make VBD 7960 1902 12 a a DT 7960 1902 13 covering covering NN 7960 1902 14 for for IN 7960 1902 15 the the DT 7960 1902 16 heavens heavens NNPS 7960 1902 17 and and CC 7960 1902 18 set set VBD 7960 1902 19 therein therein RB 7960 1902 20 the the DT 7960 1902 21 stars star NNS 7960 1902 22 . . . 7960 1903 1 Next next RB 7960 1903 2 he -PRON- PRP 7960 1903 3 caused cause VBD 7960 1903 4 the the DT 7960 1903 5 new new JJ 7960 1903 6 moon moon NN 7960 1903 7 to to TO 7960 1903 8 shine shine VB 7960 1903 9 and and CC 7960 1903 10 made make VBD 7960 1903 11 it -PRON- PRP 7960 1903 12 the the DT 7960 1903 13 ruler ruler NN 7960 1903 14 of of IN 7960 1903 15 the the DT 7960 1903 16 night night NN 7960 1903 17 . . . 7960 1904 1 His -PRON- PRP$ 7960 1904 2 last last JJ 7960 1904 3 work work NN 7960 1904 4 was be VBD 7960 1904 5 the the DT 7960 1904 6 creation creation NN 7960 1904 7 of of IN 7960 1904 8 man man NN 7960 1904 9 , , , 7960 1904 10 in in IN 7960 1904 11 order order NN 7960 1904 12 that that IN 7960 1904 13 the the DT 7960 1904 14 service service NN 7960 1904 15 and and CC 7960 1904 16 worship worship NN 7960 1904 17 of of IN 7960 1904 18 the the DT 7960 1904 19 gods god NNS 7960 1904 20 might may MD 7960 1904 21 be be VB 7960 1904 22 established establish VBN 7960 1904 23 forever forever RB 7960 1904 24 . . . 7960 1905 1 The the DT 7960 1905 2 second second JJ 7960 1905 3 epic epic NN 7960 1905 4 contains contain VBZ 7960 1905 5 an an DT 7960 1905 6 account account NN 7960 1905 7 of of IN 7960 1905 8 a a DT 7960 1905 9 flood flood NN 7960 1905 10 , , , 7960 1905 11 sent send VBN 7960 1905 12 by by IN 7960 1905 13 the the DT 7960 1905 14 gods god NNS 7960 1905 15 to to TO 7960 1905 16 punish punish VB 7960 1905 17 sinful sinful JJ 7960 1905 18 men man NNS 7960 1905 19 . . . 7960 1906 1 The the DT 7960 1906 2 rain rain NN 7960 1906 3 fell fall VBD 7960 1906 4 for for IN 7960 1906 5 six six CD 7960 1906 6 days day NNS 7960 1906 7 and and CC 7960 1906 8 nights night NNS 7960 1906 9 and and CC 7960 1906 10 covered cover VBD 7960 1906 11 the the DT 7960 1906 12 entire entire JJ 7960 1906 13 earth earth NN 7960 1906 14 . . . 7960 1907 1 All all DT 7960 1907 2 men man NNS 7960 1907 3 were be VBD 7960 1907 4 drowned drown VBN 7960 1907 5 except except IN 7960 1907 6 the the DT 7960 1907 7 Babylonian Babylonian NNP 7960 1907 8 Noah Noah NNP 7960 1907 9 , , , 7960 1907 10 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 1907 11 family family NN 7960 1907 12 , , , 7960 1907 13 and and CC 7960 1907 14 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 1907 15 relatives relative NNS 7960 1907 16 , , , 7960 1907 17 who who WP 7960 1907 18 safely safely RB 7960 1907 19 rode ride VBD 7960 1907 20 the the DT 7960 1907 21 waters water NNS 7960 1907 22 in in IN 7960 1907 23 an an DT 7960 1907 24 ark ark NN 7960 1907 25 . . . 7960 1908 1 This this DT 7960 1908 2 ancient ancient JJ 7960 1908 3 narrative narrative NN 7960 1908 4 so so RB 7960 1908 5 closely closely RB 7960 1908 6 resembles resemble VBZ 7960 1908 7 the the DT 7960 1908 8 Bible Bible NNP 7960 1908 9 story story NN 7960 1908 10 in in IN 7960 1908 11 _ _ NNP 7960 1908 12 Genesis Genesis NNP 7960 1908 13 _ _ NNP 7960 1908 14 that that IN 7960 1908 15 we -PRON- PRP 7960 1908 16 must must MD 7960 1908 17 trace trace VB 7960 1908 18 them -PRON- PRP 7960 1908 19 both both DT 7960 1908 20 to to IN 7960 1908 21 a a DT 7960 1908 22 common common JJ 7960 1908 23 source source NN 7960 1908 24 . . . 7960 1909 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 1909 2 Illustration illustration NN 7960 1909 3 : : : 7960 1909 4 THE the DT 7960 1909 5 DELUGE DELUGE NNS 7960 1909 6 TABLET tablet NN 7960 1909 7 ( ( -LRB- 7960 1909 8 British British NNP 7960 1909 9 Museum Museum NNP 7960 1909 10 London London NNP 7960 1909 11 ) ) -RRB- 7960 1909 12 Contains contain VBZ 7960 1909 13 the the DT 7960 1909 14 narrative narrative NN 7960 1909 15 of of IN 7960 1909 16 the the DT 7960 1909 17 flood flood NN 7960 1909 18 as as IN 7960 1909 19 pieced piece VBN 7960 1909 20 together together RB 7960 1909 21 and and CC 7960 1909 22 published publish VBN 7960 1909 23 by by IN 7960 1909 24 George George NNP 7960 1909 25 Smith Smith NNP 7960 1909 26 in in IN 7960 1909 27 1872 1872 CD 7960 1909 28 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 1910 1 There there EX 7960 1910 2 are be VBP 7960 1910 3 sixteen sixteen CD 7960 1910 4 fragments fragment NNS 7960 1910 5 in in IN 7960 1910 6 the the DT 7960 1910 7 restoration restoration NN 7960 1910 8 . . . 7960 1910 9 ] ] -RRB- 7960 1911 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 1911 2 Illustration illustration NN 7960 1911 3 : : : 7960 1911 4 AN an DT 7960 1911 5 EGYPTIAN egyptian JJ 7960 1911 6 TEMPLE TEMPLE NNP 7960 1911 7 ( ( -LRB- 7960 1911 8 RESTORED RESTORED NNP 7960 1911 9 ) ) -RRB- 7960 1911 10 The the DT 7960 1911 11 building building NN 7960 1911 12 extended extend VBN 7960 1911 13 along along IN 7960 1911 14 the the DT 7960 1911 15 Nile Nile NNP 7960 1911 16 for for IN 7960 1911 17 nearly nearly RB 7960 1911 18 eight eight CD 7960 1911 19 hundred hundred CD 7960 1911 20 feet foot NNS 7960 1911 21 . . . 7960 1912 1 A a DT 7960 1912 2 double double JJ 7960 1912 3 line line NN 7960 1912 4 of of IN 7960 1912 5 sphinxes sphinx NNS 7960 1912 6 led lead VBN 7960 1912 7 to to IN 7960 1912 8 the the DT 7960 1912 9 only only JJ 7960 1912 10 entrance entrance NN 7960 1912 11 , , , 7960 1912 12 in in IN 7960 1912 13 front front NN 7960 1912 14 of of IN 7960 1912 15 which which WDT 7960 1912 16 were be VBD 7960 1912 17 two two CD 7960 1912 18 obelisks obelisk NNS 7960 1912 19 and and CC 7960 1912 20 four four CD 7960 1912 21 colossal colossal JJ 7960 1912 22 statues statue NNS 7960 1912 23 of of IN 7960 1912 24 Rameses Rameses NNP 7960 1912 25 II II NNP 7960 1912 26 . . . 7960 1913 1 Behind behind IN 7960 1913 2 the the DT 7960 1913 3 first first JJ 7960 1913 4 gateway gateway NN 7960 1913 5 , , , 7960 1913 6 or or CC 7960 1913 7 pylon pylon NN 7960 1913 8 came come VBD 7960 1913 9 an an DT 7960 1913 10 open open JJ 7960 1913 11 court court NN 7960 1913 12 surrounded surround VBN 7960 1913 13 by by IN 7960 1913 14 a a DT 7960 1913 15 portico portico NN 7960 1913 16 upheld uphold VBN 7960 1913 17 by by IN 7960 1913 18 pillars pillar NNS 7960 1913 19 . . . 7960 1914 1 The the DT 7960 1914 2 second second JJ 7960 1914 3 and and CC 7960 1914 4 third third JJ 7960 1914 5 pylons pylon NNS 7960 1914 6 were be VBD 7960 1914 7 connected connect VBN 7960 1914 8 by by IN 7960 1914 9 a a DT 7960 1914 10 covered cover VBN 7960 1914 11 passage passage NN 7960 1914 12 leading lead VBG 7960 1914 13 into into IN 7960 1914 14 another another DT 7960 1914 15 open open JJ 7960 1914 16 court court NN 7960 1914 17 . . . 7960 1915 1 Lower low JJR 7960 1915 2 rooms room NNS 7960 1915 3 at at IN 7960 1915 4 the the DT 7960 1915 5 rear rear NN 7960 1915 6 of of IN 7960 1915 7 the the DT 7960 1915 8 temple temple NNP 7960 1915 9 contained contain VBD 7960 1915 10 the the DT 7960 1915 11 sanctuary sanctuary NN 7960 1915 12 of of IN 7960 1915 13 the the DT 7960 1915 14 god god NNP 7960 1915 15 , , , 7960 1915 16 which which WDT 7960 1915 17 only only RB 7960 1915 18 the the DT 7960 1915 19 king king NN 7960 1915 20 and and CC 7960 1915 21 priests priest NNS 7960 1915 22 could could MD 7960 1915 23 enter enter VB 7960 1915 24 . . . 7960 1915 25 ] ] -RRB- 7960 1916 1 THE the DT 7960 1916 2 HEBREW hebrew NN 7960 1916 3 BIBLE BIBLE VBD 7960 1916 4 All all PDT 7960 1916 5 these these DT 7960 1916 6 writings writing NNS 7960 1916 7 are be VBP 7960 1916 8 so so RB 7960 1916 9 ancient ancient JJ 7960 1916 10 that that IN 7960 1916 11 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 1916 12 very very JJ 7960 1916 13 authors author NNS 7960 1916 14 are be VBP 7960 1916 15 forgotten forget VBN 7960 1916 16 . . . 7960 1917 1 The the DT 7960 1917 2 interest interest NN 7960 1917 3 they -PRON- PRP 7960 1917 4 excite excite VBP 7960 1917 5 is be VBZ 7960 1917 6 historical historical JJ 7960 1917 7 rather rather RB 7960 1917 8 than than IN 7960 1917 9 literary literary JJ 7960 1917 10 . . . 7960 1918 1 From from IN 7960 1918 2 Oriental oriental JJ 7960 1918 3 antiquity antiquity NN 7960 1918 4 only only RB 7960 1918 5 one one CD 7960 1918 6 great great JJ 7960 1918 7 work work NN 7960 1918 8 has have VBZ 7960 1918 9 reached reach VBN 7960 1918 10 us -PRON- PRP 7960 1918 11 that that WDT 7960 1918 12 still still RB 7960 1918 13 has have VBZ 7960 1918 14 power power NN 7960 1918 15 to to TO 7960 1918 16 move move VB 7960 1918 17 the the DT 7960 1918 18 hearts heart NNS 7960 1918 19 of of IN 7960 1918 20 men man NNS 7960 1918 21 -- -- : 7960 1918 22 the the DT 7960 1918 23 Hebrew Hebrew NNP 7960 1918 24 Bible Bible NNP 7960 1918 25 . . . 7960 1919 1 EGYPTIAN EGYPTIAN NNP 7960 1919 2 ARCHITECTURE ARCHITECTURE NNP 7960 1919 3 Architecture Architecture NNP 7960 1919 4 , , , 7960 1919 5 in in IN 7960 1919 6 Egypt Egypt NNP 7960 1919 7 , , , 7960 1919 8 was be VBD 7960 1919 9 the the DT 7960 1919 10 leading lead VBG 7960 1919 11 art art NN 7960 1919 12 . . . 7960 1920 1 The the DT 7960 1920 2 Egyptians Egyptians NNPS 7960 1920 3 were be VBD 7960 1920 4 the the DT 7960 1920 5 first first JJ 7960 1920 6 people people NNS 7960 1920 7 who who WP 7960 1920 8 learned learn VBD 7960 1920 9 to to TO 7960 1920 10 raise raise VB 7960 1920 11 buildings building NNS 7960 1920 12 with with IN 7960 1920 13 vast vast JJ 7960 1920 14 halls hall NNS 7960 1920 15 supported support VBN 7960 1920 16 by by IN 7960 1920 17 ponderous ponderous JJ 7960 1920 18 columns column NNS 7960 1920 19 . . . 7960 1921 1 Their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 1921 2 wealth wealth NN 7960 1921 3 and and CC 7960 1921 4 skill skill NN 7960 1921 5 , , , 7960 1921 6 however however RB 7960 1921 7 , , , 7960 1921 8 were be VBD 7960 1921 9 not not RB 7960 1921 10 lavished lavish VBN 7960 1921 11 in in IN 7960 1921 12 the the DT 7960 1921 13 erection erection NN 7960 1921 14 of of IN 7960 1921 15 fine fine JJ 7960 1921 16 private private JJ 7960 1921 17 mansions mansion NNS 7960 1921 18 or or CC 7960 1921 19 splendid splendid JJ 7960 1921 20 public public JJ 7960 1921 21 buildings building NNS 7960 1921 22 . . . 7960 1922 1 The the DT 7960 1922 2 characteristic characteristic JJ 7960 1922 3 works work NNS 7960 1922 4 of of IN 7960 1922 5 Egyptian egyptian JJ 7960 1922 6 architecture architecture NN 7960 1922 7 are be VBP 7960 1922 8 the the DT 7960 1922 9 tombs tomb NNS 7960 1922 10 of of IN 7960 1922 11 the the DT 7960 1922 12 kings king NNS 7960 1922 13 and and CC 7960 1922 14 the the DT 7960 1922 15 temples temple NNS 7960 1922 16 of of IN 7960 1922 17 the the DT 7960 1922 18 gods god NNS 7960 1922 19 . . . 7960 1923 1 The the DT 7960 1923 2 picture picture NN 7960 1923 3 of of IN 7960 1923 4 the the DT 7960 1923 5 great great JJ 7960 1923 6 structure structure NN 7960 1923 7 at at IN 7960 1923 8 Thebes Thebes NNP 7960 1923 9 , , , 7960 1923 10 which which WDT 7960 1923 11 Rameses ramese VBZ 7960 1923 12 II ii CD 7960 1923 13 completed complete VBN 7960 1923 14 , , , 7960 1923 15 [ [ -LRB- 7960 1923 16 17 17 CD 7960 1923 17 ] ] -RRB- 7960 1923 18 will will MD 7960 1923 19 give give VB 7960 1923 20 some some DT 7960 1923 21 idea idea NN 7960 1923 22 of of IN 7960 1923 23 an an DT 7960 1923 24 Egyptian egyptian JJ 7960 1923 25 temple temple NN 7960 1923 26 with with IN 7960 1923 27 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 1923 28 gateways gateway NNS 7960 1923 29 , , , 7960 1923 30 open open JJ 7960 1923 31 courts court NNS 7960 1923 32 , , , 7960 1923 33 obelisks obelisk NNS 7960 1923 34 , , , 7960 1923 35 and and CC 7960 1923 36 statues statue NNS 7960 1923 37 . . . 7960 1924 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 1924 2 Illustration illustration NN 7960 1924 3 : : : 7960 1924 4 AN an DT 7960 1924 5 EGYPTIAN egyptian JJ 7960 1924 6 WOODEN wooden NN 7960 1924 7 STATUE STATUE NNS 7960 1924 8 , , , 7960 1924 9 ( ( -LRB- 7960 1924 10 Museum Museum NNP 7960 1924 11 of of IN 7960 1924 12 Gizeh Gizeh NNP 7960 1924 13 ) ) -RRB- 7960 1924 14 Found find VBN 7960 1924 15 in in IN 7960 1924 16 a a DT 7960 1924 17 tomb tomb NN 7960 1924 18 near near IN 7960 1924 19 Memphis Memphis NNP 7960 1924 20 . . . 7960 1925 1 The the DT 7960 1925 2 statue statue NN 7960 1925 3 , , , 7960 1925 4 which which WDT 7960 1925 5 belongs belong VBZ 7960 1925 6 to to IN 7960 1925 7 the the DT 7960 1925 8 age age NN 7960 1925 9 of of IN 7960 1925 10 the the DT 7960 1925 11 pyramid pyramid JJ 7960 1925 12 kings king NNS 7960 1925 13 , , , 7960 1925 14 represents represent VBZ 7960 1925 15 a a DT 7960 1925 16 bustling bustling JJ 7960 1925 17 , , , 7960 1925 18 active active JJ 7960 1925 19 , , , 7960 1925 20 middle middle JJ 7960 1925 21 - - HYPH 7960 1925 22 class class NN 7960 1925 23 official official NN 7960 1925 24 . . . 7960 1925 25 ] ] -RRB- 7960 1926 1 ARCHITECTURE ARCHITECTURE NNP 7960 1926 2 IN in IN 7960 1926 3 BABYLONIA BABYLONIA NNP 7960 1926 4 AND and CC 7960 1926 5 ASSYRIA assyria NN 7960 1926 6 The the DT 7960 1926 7 architecture architecture NN 7960 1926 8 of of IN 7960 1926 9 Babylonia Babylonia NNP 7960 1926 10 and and CC 7960 1926 11 Assyria Assyria NNP 7960 1926 12 was be VBD 7960 1926 13 totally totally RB 7960 1926 14 unlike unlike IN 7960 1926 15 that that DT 7960 1926 16 of of IN 7960 1926 17 Egypt Egypt NNP 7960 1926 18 , , , 7960 1926 19 because because IN 7960 1926 20 brick brick NN 7960 1926 21 , , , 7960 1926 22 and and CC 7960 1926 23 not not RB 7960 1926 24 stone stone NN 7960 1926 25 , , , 7960 1926 26 formed form VBD 7960 1926 27 the the DT 7960 1926 28 chief chief JJ 7960 1926 29 building building NN 7960 1926 30 and and CC 7960 1926 31 Assyria Assyria NNP 7960 1926 32 material material NN 7960 1926 33 . . . 7960 1927 1 In in IN 7960 1927 2 Babylonia Babylonia NNP 7960 1927 3 the the DT 7960 1927 4 temple temple NN 7960 1927 5 was be VBD 7960 1927 6 a a DT 7960 1927 7 solid solid JJ 7960 1927 8 , , , 7960 1927 9 square square JJ 7960 1927 10 tower tower NN 7960 1927 11 , , , 7960 1927 12 built build VBN 7960 1927 13 on on IN 7960 1927 14 a a DT 7960 1927 15 broad broad JJ 7960 1927 16 platform platform NN 7960 1927 17 . . . 7960 1928 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 1928 2 consisted consist VBD 7960 1928 3 usually usually RB 7960 1928 4 of of IN 7960 1928 5 seven seven CD 7960 1928 6 stages stage NNS 7960 1928 7 , , , 7960 1928 8 which which WDT 7960 1928 9 arose arise VBD 7960 1928 10 one one CD 7960 1928 11 above above IN 7960 1928 12 the the DT 7960 1928 13 other other JJ 7960 1928 14 to to IN 7960 1928 15 the the DT 7960 1928 16 top top NN 7960 1928 17 , , , 7960 1928 18 where where WRB 7960 1928 19 the the DT 7960 1928 20 shrine shrine NN 7960 1928 21 of of IN 7960 1928 22 the the DT 7960 1928 23 deity deity NN 7960 1928 24 was be VBD 7960 1928 25 placed place VBN 7960 1928 26 . . . 7960 1929 1 The the DT 7960 1929 2 different different JJ 7960 1929 3 stages stage NNS 7960 1929 4 were be VBD 7960 1929 5 connected connect VBN 7960 1929 6 by by IN 7960 1929 7 an an DT 7960 1929 8 inclined incline VBN 7960 1929 9 ascent ascent NN 7960 1929 10 . . . 7960 1930 1 The the DT 7960 1930 2 four four CD 7960 1930 3 sides side NNS 7960 1930 4 of of IN 7960 1930 5 the the DT 7960 1930 6 temple temple NNP 7960 1930 7 faced face VBD 7960 1930 8 the the DT 7960 1930 9 cardinal cardinal JJ 7960 1930 10 points point NNS 7960 1930 11 , , , 7960 1930 12 and and CC 7960 1930 13 the the DT 7960 1930 14 several several JJ 7960 1930 15 stages stage NNS 7960 1930 16 were be VBD 7960 1930 17 dedicated dedicate VBN 7960 1930 18 to to IN 7960 1930 19 the the DT 7960 1930 20 sun sun NN 7960 1930 21 , , , 7960 1930 22 moon moon NN 7960 1930 23 , , , 7960 1930 24 and and CC 7960 1930 25 five five CD 7960 1930 26 planets planet NNS 7960 1930 27 . . . 7960 1931 1 In in IN 7960 1931 2 Assyria Assyria NNP 7960 1931 3 the the DT 7960 1931 4 characteristic characteristic JJ 7960 1931 5 building building NN 7960 1931 6 was be VBD 7960 1931 7 the the DT 7960 1931 8 palace palace NN 7960 1931 9 . . . 7960 1932 1 But but CC 7960 1932 2 the the DT 7960 1932 3 sun sun NN 7960 1932 4 - - HYPH 7960 1932 5 dried dry VBN 7960 1932 6 bricks brick NNS 7960 1932 7 , , , 7960 1932 8 of of IN 7960 1932 9 which which WDT 7960 1932 10 both both DT 7960 1932 11 temples temple NNS 7960 1932 12 and and CC 7960 1932 13 palaces palace NNS 7960 1932 14 were be VBD 7960 1932 15 composed compose VBN 7960 1932 16 , , , 7960 1932 17 lacked lack VBD 7960 1932 18 the the DT 7960 1932 19 durability durability NN 7960 1932 20 of of IN 7960 1932 21 stone stone NN 7960 1932 22 and and CC 7960 1932 23 have have VBP 7960 1932 24 long long RB 7960 1932 25 since since IN 7960 1932 26 dissolved dissolve VBN 7960 1932 27 into into IN 7960 1932 28 shapeless shapeless NN 7960 1932 29 mounds mound NNS 7960 1932 30 . . . 7960 1933 1 EGYPTIAN EGYPTIAN NNP 7960 1933 2 SCULPTURE SCULPTURE . 7960 1933 3 The the DT 7960 1933 4 surviving survive VBG 7960 1933 5 examples example NNS 7960 1933 6 of of IN 7960 1933 7 Egyptian egyptian JJ 7960 1933 8 sculpture sculpture NN 7960 1933 9 consist consist NN 7960 1933 10 of of IN 7960 1933 11 bas bas NN 7960 1933 12 - - HYPH 7960 1933 13 reliefs relief NNS 7960 1933 14 and and CC 7960 1933 15 figures figure NNS 7960 1933 16 in in IN 7960 1933 17 the the DT 7960 1933 18 round round NN 7960 1933 19 , , , 7960 1933 20 carved carve VBN 7960 1933 21 from from IN 7960 1933 22 limestone limestone NN 7960 1933 23 and and CC 7960 1933 24 granite granite NN 7960 1933 25 or or CC 7960 1933 26 cast cast VBN 7960 1933 27 in in IN 7960 1933 28 bronze bronze NN 7960 1933 29 . . . 7960 1934 1 Many many JJ 7960 1934 2 of of IN 7960 1934 3 the the DT 7960 1934 4 statues statue NNS 7960 1934 5 appear appear VBP 7960 1934 6 to to IN 7960 1934 7 our -PRON- PRP$ 7960 1934 8 eyes eye NNS 7960 1934 9 very very RB 7960 1934 10 stiff stiff JJ 7960 1934 11 and and CC 7960 1934 12 ungraceful ungraceful JJ 7960 1934 13 . . . 7960 1935 1 The the DT 7960 1935 2 sculptor sculptor NN 7960 1935 3 never never RB 7960 1935 4 learned learn VBD 7960 1935 5 how how WRB 7960 1935 6 to to TO 7960 1935 7 pose pose VB 7960 1935 8 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 1935 9 figures figure NNS 7960 1935 10 easily easily RB 7960 1935 11 or or CC 7960 1935 12 how how WRB 7960 1935 13 to to TO 7960 1935 14 arrange arrange VB 7960 1935 15 them -PRON- PRP 7960 1935 16 in in IN 7960 1935 17 an an DT 7960 1935 18 artistic artistic JJ 7960 1935 19 group group NN 7960 1935 20 . . . 7960 1936 1 In in IN 7960 1936 2 spite spite NN 7960 1936 3 of of IN 7960 1936 4 these these DT 7960 1936 5 defects defect NNS 7960 1936 6 some some DT 7960 1936 7 Egyptian egyptian JJ 7960 1936 8 statues statue NNS 7960 1936 9 are be VBP 7960 1936 10 wonderfully wonderfully RB 7960 1936 11 lifelike lifelike JJ 7960 1936 12 . . . 7960 1937 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 1937 2 18 18 CD 7960 1937 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 1937 4 [ [ -LRB- 7960 1937 5 Illustration illustration NN 7960 1937 6 : : : 7960 1937 7 AN an DT 7960 1937 8 ASSYRIAN ASSYRIAN NNP 7960 1937 9 PALACE palace NN 7960 1937 10 ( ( -LRB- 7960 1937 11 RESTORED RESTORED NNP 7960 1937 12 ) ) -RRB- 7960 1937 13 The the DT 7960 1937 14 royal royal JJ 7960 1937 15 residence residence NN 7960 1937 16 of of IN 7960 1937 17 Sargon Sargon NNP 7960 1937 18 II II NNP 7960 1937 19 near near IN 7960 1937 20 Nineveh Nineveh NNP 7960 1937 21 was be VBD 7960 1937 22 placed place VBN 7960 1937 23 upon upon IN 7960 1937 24 a a DT 7960 1937 25 high high JJ 7960 1937 26 platform platform NN 7960 1937 27 of of IN 7960 1937 28 brick brick NN 7960 1937 29 masonry masonry VB 7960 1937 30 the the DT 7960 1937 31 top top NN 7960 1937 32 of of IN 7960 1937 33 which which WDT 7960 1937 34 was be VBD 7960 1937 35 gained gain VBN 7960 1937 36 by by IN 7960 1937 37 stairs stair NNS 7960 1937 38 and and CC 7960 1937 39 an an DT 7960 1937 40 inclined inclined JJ 7960 1937 41 roadway roadway NN 7960 1937 42 . . . 7960 1938 1 The the DT 7960 1938 2 palace palace NN 7960 1938 3 consisted consist VBD 7960 1938 4 of of IN 7960 1938 5 a a DT 7960 1938 6 series series NN 7960 1938 7 of of IN 7960 1938 8 one one CD 7960 1938 9 storied storied JJ 7960 1938 10 rectangular rectangular JJ 7960 1938 11 halls hall NNS 7960 1938 12 and and CC 7960 1938 13 long long JJ 7960 1938 14 corridors corridor NNS 7960 1938 15 surrounding surround VBG 7960 1938 16 inner inner JJ 7960 1938 17 courts court NNS 7960 1938 18 . . . 7960 1939 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 1939 2 were be VBD 7960 1939 3 provided provide VBN 7960 1939 4 with with IN 7960 1939 5 imposing impose VBG 7960 1939 6 entrances entrance NNS 7960 1939 7 flanked flank VBN 7960 1939 8 by by IN 7960 1939 9 colossal colossal NNP 7960 1939 10 human human JJ 7960 1939 11 headed head VBN 7960 1939 12 bulls bull NNS 7960 1939 13 representing represent VBG 7960 1939 14 guardian guardian NN 7960 1939 15 spirits spirit NNS 7960 1939 16 . . . 7960 1940 1 The the DT 7960 1940 2 entire entire JJ 7960 1940 3 building building NN 7960 1940 4 covered cover VBD 7960 1940 5 more more JJR 7960 1940 6 than than IN 7960 1940 7 twenty twenty CD 7960 1940 8 three three CD 7960 1940 9 acres acre NNS 7960 1940 10 and and CC 7960 1940 11 contained contain VBD 7960 1940 12 two two CD 7960 1940 13 hundred hundred CD 7960 1940 14 apartments apartment NNS 7960 1940 15 . . . 7960 1941 1 In in IN 7960 1941 2 the the DT 7960 1941 3 rear rear NN 7960 1941 4 is be VBZ 7960 1941 5 seen see VBN 7960 1941 6 a a DT 7960 1941 7 temple temple NN 7960 1941 8 tower tower NN 7960 1941 9 . . . 7960 1941 10 ] ] -RRB- 7960 1942 1 SCULPTURE SCULPTURE NNP 7960 1942 2 IN in IN 7960 1942 3 BABYLONIA BABYLONIA NNP 7960 1942 4 AND and CC 7960 1942 5 ASSYRIA assyria NN 7960 1942 6 Few few JJ 7960 1942 7 examples example NNS 7960 1942 8 have have VBP 7960 1942 9 reached reach VBN 7960 1942 10 us -PRON- PRP 7960 1942 11 of of IN 7960 1942 12 Babylonian babylonian JJ 7960 1942 13 and and CC 7960 1942 14 Assyrian assyrian JJ 7960 1942 15 sculpture sculpture NN 7960 1942 16 in in IN 7960 1942 17 the the DT 7960 1942 18 round round NN 7960 1942 19 . . . 7960 1943 1 As as IN 7960 1943 2 in in IN 7960 1943 3 Egypt Egypt NNP 7960 1943 4 , , , 7960 1943 5 the the DT 7960 1943 6 figures figure NNS 7960 1943 7 seem seem VBP 7960 1943 8 rigid rigid JJ 7960 1943 9 and and CC 7960 1943 10 out out IN 7960 1943 11 of of IN 7960 1943 12 proportion proportion NN 7960 1943 13 . . . 7960 1944 1 The the DT 7960 1944 2 Assyrian assyrian JJ 7960 1944 3 bas bas NN 7960 1944 4 - - HYPH 7960 1944 5 reliefs relief NNS 7960 1944 6 show show VBP 7960 1944 7 a a DT 7960 1944 8 higher high JJR 7960 1944 9 development development NN 7960 1944 10 of of IN 7960 1944 11 the the DT 7960 1944 12 artistic artistic JJ 7960 1944 13 sense sense NN 7960 1944 14 , , , 7960 1944 15 especially especially RB 7960 1944 16 in in IN 7960 1944 17 the the DT 7960 1944 18 rendering rendering NN 7960 1944 19 of of IN 7960 1944 20 animals animal NNS 7960 1944 21 . . . 7960 1945 1 The the DT 7960 1945 2 sculptures sculpture NNS 7960 1945 3 that that WDT 7960 1945 4 deal deal VBP 7960 1945 5 with with IN 7960 1945 6 the the DT 7960 1945 7 exploits exploit NNS 7960 1945 8 of of IN 7960 1945 9 the the DT 7960 1945 10 kings king NNS 7960 1945 11 in in IN 7960 1945 12 war war NN 7960 1945 13 and and CC 7960 1945 14 hunting hunting NN 7960 1945 15 often often RB 7960 1945 16 tell tell VBP 7960 1945 17 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 1945 18 story story NN 7960 1945 19 in in IN 7960 1945 20 so so RB 7960 1945 21 graphic graphic JJ 7960 1945 22 a a DT 7960 1945 23 way way NN 7960 1945 24 as as IN 7960 1945 25 to to TO 7960 1945 26 make make VB 7960 1945 27 up up RP 7960 1945 28 for for IN 7960 1945 29 the the DT 7960 1945 30 absence absence NN 7960 1945 31 of of IN 7960 1945 32 written write VBN 7960 1945 33 records record NNS 7960 1945 34 . . . 7960 1946 1 ORIENTAL ORIENTAL NNP 7960 1946 2 PAINTING PAINTING NNP 7960 1946 3 Painting paint VBG 7960 1946 4 in in IN 7960 1946 5 the the DT 7960 1946 6 ancient ancient JJ 7960 1946 7 East East NNP 7960 1946 8 did do VBD 7960 1946 9 not not RB 7960 1946 10 reach reach VB 7960 1946 11 the the DT 7960 1946 12 dignity dignity NN 7960 1946 13 of of IN 7960 1946 14 an an DT 7960 1946 15 independent independent JJ 7960 1946 16 art art NN 7960 1946 17 . . . 7960 1947 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 1947 2 was be VBD 7960 1947 3 employed employ VBN 7960 1947 4 solely solely RB 7960 1947 5 for for IN 7960 1947 6 decorative decorative JJ 7960 1947 7 purposes purpose NNS 7960 1947 8 . . . 7960 1948 1 Bas Bas NNP 7960 1948 2 - - HYPH 7960 1948 3 reliefs reliefs NNP 7960 1948 4 and and CC 7960 1948 5 wall wall NN 7960 1948 6 surfaces surface NNS 7960 1948 7 were be VBD 7960 1948 8 often often RB 7960 1948 9 brightly brightly RB 7960 1948 10 colored color VBN 7960 1948 11 , , , 7960 1948 12 The the DT 7960 1948 13 artist artist NN 7960 1948 14 had have VBD 7960 1948 15 no no DT 7960 1948 16 knowledge knowledge NN 7960 1948 17 of of IN 7960 1948 18 perspective perspective NN 7960 1948 19 and and CC 7960 1948 20 drew draw VBD 7960 1948 21 all all PDT 7960 1948 22 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 1948 23 figures figure NNS 7960 1948 24 in in IN 7960 1948 25 profile profile NN 7960 1948 26 , , , 7960 1948 27 without without IN 7960 1948 28 any any DT 7960 1948 29 distinction distinction NN 7960 1948 30 of of IN 7960 1948 31 light light NN 7960 1948 32 and and CC 7960 1948 33 shade shade NN 7960 1948 34 . . . 7960 1949 1 Indeed indeed RB 7960 1949 2 , , , 7960 1949 3 Oriental oriental JJ 7960 1949 4 painting painting NN 7960 1949 5 , , , 7960 1949 6 as as RB 7960 1949 7 well well RB 7960 1949 8 as as IN 7960 1949 9 Oriental oriental JJ 7960 1949 10 sculpture sculpture NN 7960 1949 11 , , , 7960 1949 12 made make VBD 7960 1949 13 small small JJ 7960 1949 14 pretense pretense NN 7960 1949 15 to to IN 7960 1949 16 the the DT 7960 1949 17 beautiful beautiful JJ 7960 1949 18 . . . 7960 1950 1 Beauty Beauty NNP 7960 1950 2 was be VBD 7960 1950 3 born bear VBN 7960 1950 4 into into IN 7960 1950 5 the the DT 7960 1950 6 world world NN 7960 1950 7 with with IN 7960 1950 8 the the DT 7960 1950 9 art art NN 7960 1950 10 of of IN 7960 1950 11 the the DT 7960 1950 12 Greeks Greeks NNPS 7960 1950 13 . . . 7960 1951 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 1951 2 Illustration illustration NN 7960 1951 3 : : : 7960 1951 4 AN an DT 7960 1951 5 ASSYRIAN assyrian JJ 7960 1951 6 WINGED WINGED NNP 7960 1951 7 HUMAN HUMAN NNP 7960 1951 8 HEADED HEADED NNP 7960 1951 9 BULL BULL NNP 7960 1951 10 ] ] -RRB- 7960 1951 11 [ [ -LRB- 7960 1951 12 Illustration illustration NN 7960 1951 13 : : : 7960 1951 14 AN an DT 7960 1951 15 ASSYRIAN assyrian JJ 7960 1951 16 HUNTING hunting NN 7960 1951 17 SCENE scene NN 7960 1951 18 ( ( -LRB- 7960 1951 19 British British NNP 7960 1951 20 Museum Museum NNP 7960 1951 21 , , , 7960 1951 22 London London NNP 7960 1951 23 ) ) -RRB- 7960 1951 24 A a DT 7960 1951 25 bas bas NN 7960 1951 26 relief relief NN 7960 1951 27 from from IN 7960 1951 28 a a DT 7960 1951 29 slab slab NN 7960 1951 30 found find VBN 7960 1951 31 at at IN 7960 1951 32 Nineveh Nineveh NNP 7960 1951 33 . . . 7960 1951 34 ] ] -RRB- 7960 1952 1 19 19 CD 7960 1952 2 . . . 7960 1953 1 SCIENCE science NN 7960 1953 2 AND and CC 7960 1953 3 EDUCATION education NN 7960 1953 4 ARITHMETIC ARITHMETIC NNS 7960 1953 5 AND and CC 7960 1953 6 GEOMETRY GEOMETRY NNP 7960 1953 7 Conspicuous conspicuous JJ 7960 1953 8 advance advance NN 7960 1953 9 took take VBD 7960 1953 10 place place NN 7960 1953 11 in in IN 7960 1953 12 the the DT 7960 1953 13 exact exact JJ 7960 1953 14 sciences science NNS 7960 1953 15 . . . 7960 1954 1 The the DT 7960 1954 2 leading lead VBG 7960 1954 3 operations operation NNS 7960 1954 4 of of IN 7960 1954 5 arithmetic arithmetic JJ 7960 1954 6 were be VBD 7960 1954 7 known know VBN 7960 1954 8 . . . 7960 1955 1 A a DT 7960 1955 2 Babylonian babylonian JJ 7960 1955 3 tablet tablet NN 7960 1955 4 gives give VBZ 7960 1955 5 a a DT 7960 1955 6 table table NN 7960 1955 7 of of IN 7960 1955 8 squares square NNS 7960 1955 9 and and CC 7960 1955 10 cubes cube NNS 7960 1955 11 correctly correctly RB 7960 1955 12 calculated calculate VBD 7960 1955 13 from from IN 7960 1955 14 1 1 CD 7960 1955 15 to to IN 7960 1955 16 60 60 CD 7960 1955 17 . . . 7960 1956 1 The the DT 7960 1956 2 number number NN 7960 1956 3 12 12 CD 7960 1956 4 was be VBD 7960 1956 5 the the DT 7960 1956 6 basis basis NN 7960 1956 7 of of IN 7960 1956 8 all all DT 7960 1956 9 reckonings reckoning NNS 7960 1956 10 . . . 7960 1957 1 The the DT 7960 1957 2 division division NN 7960 1957 3 of of IN 7960 1957 4 the the DT 7960 1957 5 circle circle NN 7960 1957 6 into into IN 7960 1957 7 degrees degree NNS 7960 1957 8 , , , 7960 1957 9 minutes minute NNS 7960 1957 10 , , , 7960 1957 11 and and CC 7960 1957 12 seconds second NNS 7960 1957 13 ( ( -LRB- 7960 1957 14 360 360 CD 7960 1957 15 ° ° NNS 7960 1957 16 , , , 7960 1957 17 60 60 CD 7960 1957 18 ' ' POS 7960 1957 19 , , , 7960 1957 20 60 60 CD 7960 1957 21 " " '' 7960 1957 22 ) ) -RRB- 7960 1957 23 was be VBD 7960 1957 24 an an DT 7960 1957 25 invention invention NN 7960 1957 26 of of IN 7960 1957 27 the the DT 7960 1957 28 Babylonians Babylonians NNPS 7960 1957 29 which which WDT 7960 1957 30 illustrates illustrate VBZ 7960 1957 31 this this DT 7960 1957 32 duodecimal duodecimal JJ 7960 1957 33 system system NN 7960 1957 34 A a DT 7960 1957 35 start start NN 7960 1957 36 was be VBD 7960 1957 37 made make VBN 7960 1957 38 in in IN 7960 1957 39 geometry geometry NN 7960 1957 40 . . . 7960 1958 1 One one CD 7960 1958 2 of of IN 7960 1958 3 the the DT 7960 1958 4 oldest old JJS 7960 1958 5 of of IN 7960 1958 6 Egyptian egyptian JJ 7960 1958 7 books book NNS 7960 1958 8 contains contain VBZ 7960 1958 9 a a DT 7960 1958 10 dozen dozen NN 7960 1958 11 geometrical geometrical JJ 7960 1958 12 problems problem NNS 7960 1958 13 . . . 7960 1959 1 This this DT 7960 1959 2 knowledge knowledge NN 7960 1959 3 was be VBD 7960 1959 4 afterwards afterwards RB 7960 1959 5 developed develop VBN 7960 1959 6 into into IN 7960 1959 7 a a DT 7960 1959 8 true true JJ 7960 1959 9 science science NN 7960 1959 10 by by IN 7960 1959 11 the the DT 7960 1959 12 Greeks Greeks NNPS 7960 1959 13 . . . 7960 1960 1 ASTRONOMY astronomy VB 7960 1960 2 In in IN 7960 1960 3 both both CC 7960 1960 4 Egypt Egypt NNP 7960 1960 5 and and CC 7960 1960 6 Babylonia Babylonia NNP 7960 1960 7 the the DT 7960 1960 8 cloudless cloudless NN 7960 1960 9 skies sky NNS 7960 1960 10 and and CC 7960 1960 11 still still RB 7960 1960 12 , , , 7960 1960 13 warm warm JJ 7960 1960 14 nights night NNS 7960 1960 15 early early RB 7960 1960 16 led lead VBD 7960 1960 17 to to IN 7960 1960 18 astronomical astronomical JJ 7960 1960 19 research research NN 7960 1960 20 . . . 7960 1961 1 At at IN 7960 1961 2 a a DT 7960 1961 3 remote remote JJ 7960 1961 4 period period NN 7960 1961 5 , , , 7960 1961 6 perhaps perhaps RB 7960 1961 7 before before IN 7960 1961 8 4000 4000 CD 7960 1961 9 B.C. B.C. NNP 7960 1961 10 , , , 7960 1961 11 the the DT 7960 1961 12 Egyptians Egyptians NNPS 7960 1961 13 framed frame VBD 7960 1961 14 a a DT 7960 1961 15 solar solar JJ 7960 1961 16 calendar calendar NN 7960 1961 17 , , , 7960 1961 18 [ [ -LRB- 7960 1961 19 19 19 CD 7960 1961 20 ] ] -RRB- 7960 1961 21 consisting consist VBG 7960 1961 22 of of IN 7960 1961 23 twelve twelve CD 7960 1961 24 months month NNS 7960 1961 25 , , , 7960 1961 26 each each DT 7960 1961 27 thirty thirty CD 7960 1961 28 days day NNS 7960 1961 29 in in IN 7960 1961 30 length length NN 7960 1961 31 , , , 7960 1961 32 with with IN 7960 1961 33 five five CD 7960 1961 34 extra extra JJ 7960 1961 35 days day NNS 7960 1961 36 at at IN 7960 1961 37 the the DT 7960 1961 38 end end NN 7960 1961 39 of of IN 7960 1961 40 the the DT 7960 1961 41 year year NN 7960 1961 42 . . . 7960 1962 1 This this DT 7960 1962 2 calendar calendar NN 7960 1962 3 was be VBD 7960 1962 4 taken take VBN 7960 1962 5 over over RP 7960 1962 6 by by IN 7960 1962 7 the the DT 7960 1962 8 Romans Romans NNPS 7960 1962 9 , , , 7960 1962 10 [ [ -LRB- 7960 1962 11 20 20 CD 7960 1962 12 ] ] -RRB- 7960 1962 13 who who WP 7960 1962 14 added add VBD 7960 1962 15 the the DT 7960 1962 16 system system NN 7960 1962 17 of of IN 7960 1962 18 leap leap NNP 7960 1962 19 years year NNS 7960 1962 20 . . . 7960 1963 1 The the DT 7960 1963 2 Babylonians Babylonians NNPS 7960 1963 3 made make VBD 7960 1963 4 noteworthy noteworthy JJ 7960 1963 5 progress progress NN 7960 1963 6 in in IN 7960 1963 7 some some DT 7960 1963 8 branches branch NNS 7960 1963 9 of of IN 7960 1963 10 astronomy astronomy NN 7960 1963 11 . . . 7960 1964 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 1964 2 were be VBD 7960 1964 3 able able JJ 7960 1964 4 to to TO 7960 1964 5 trace trace VB 7960 1964 6 the the DT 7960 1964 7 course course NN 7960 1964 8 of of IN 7960 1964 9 the the DT 7960 1964 10 sun sun NN 7960 1964 11 through through IN 7960 1964 12 the the DT 7960 1964 13 twelve twelve CD 7960 1964 14 constellations constellation NNS 7960 1964 15 of of IN 7960 1964 16 the the DT 7960 1964 17 zodiac zodiac NNP 7960 1964 18 and and CC 7960 1964 19 to to TO 7960 1964 20 distinguish distinguish VB 7960 1964 21 five five CD 7960 1964 22 of of IN 7960 1964 23 the the DT 7960 1964 24 planets planet NNS 7960 1964 25 from from IN 7960 1964 26 the the DT 7960 1964 27 fixed fix VBN 7960 1964 28 stars star NNS 7960 1964 29 . . . 7960 1965 1 The the DT 7960 1965 2 successful successful JJ 7960 1965 3 prediction prediction NN 7960 1965 4 of of IN 7960 1965 5 eclipses eclipse NNS 7960 1965 6 formed form VBD 7960 1965 7 another another DT 7960 1965 8 Babylonian babylonian JJ 7960 1965 9 achievement achievement NN 7960 1965 10 . . . 7960 1966 1 Such such JJ 7960 1966 2 astronomical astronomical JJ 7960 1966 3 discoveries discovery NNS 7960 1966 4 must must MD 7960 1966 5 have have VB 7960 1966 6 required require VBN 7960 1966 7 much much JJ 7960 1966 8 patient patient NN 7960 1966 9 and and CC 7960 1966 10 accurate accurate JJ 7960 1966 11 observation observation NN 7960 1966 12 . . . 7960 1967 1 GEOGRAPHY GEOGRAPHY NNP 7960 1967 2 Geographical geographical JJ 7960 1967 3 ideas idea NNS 7960 1967 4 for for IN 7960 1967 5 a a DT 7960 1967 6 long long JJ 7960 1967 7 time time NN 7960 1967 8 were be VBD 7960 1967 9 very very RB 7960 1967 10 crude crude JJ 7960 1967 11 . . . 7960 1968 1 An an DT 7960 1968 2 ancient ancient JJ 7960 1968 3 map map NN 7960 1968 4 , , , 7960 1968 5 scratched scratch VBN 7960 1968 6 on on IN 7960 1968 7 clay clay NN 7960 1968 8 , , , 7960 1968 9 indicates indicate VBZ 7960 1968 10 that that IN 7960 1968 11 about about RB 7960 1968 12 eight eight CD 7960 1968 13 centuries century NNS 7960 1968 14 before before IN 7960 1968 15 Christ Christ NNP 7960 1968 16 the the DT 7960 1968 17 Babylonians Babylonians NNPS 7960 1968 18 had have VBD 7960 1968 19 gained gain VBN 7960 1968 20 some some DT 7960 1968 21 knowledge knowledge NN 7960 1968 22 , , , 7960 1968 23 not not RB 7960 1968 24 only only RB 7960 1968 25 of of IN 7960 1968 26 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 1968 27 own own JJ 7960 1968 28 land land NN 7960 1968 29 , , , 7960 1968 30 but but CC 7960 1968 31 even even RB 7960 1968 32 of of IN 7960 1968 33 regions region NNS 7960 1968 34 beyond beyond IN 7960 1968 35 the the DT 7960 1968 36 Mediterranean Mediterranean NNP 7960 1968 37 . . . 7960 1969 1 The the DT 7960 1969 2 chief chief JJ 7960 1969 3 increase increase NN 7960 1969 4 in in IN 7960 1969 5 man man NN 7960 1969 6 's 's POS 7960 1969 7 knowledge knowledge NN 7960 1969 8 of of IN 7960 1969 9 the the DT 7960 1969 10 world world NN 7960 1969 11 in in IN 7960 1969 12 ancient ancient JJ 7960 1969 13 times time NNS 7960 1969 14 was be VBD 7960 1969 15 due due JJ 7960 1969 16 to to IN 7960 1969 17 the the DT 7960 1969 18 Phoenicians Phoenicians NNPS 7960 1969 19 . . . 7960 1970 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 1970 2 21 21 CD 7960 1970 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 1970 4 PRACTICAL PRACTICAL NNP 7960 1970 5 SCIENCES SCIENCES NNP 7960 1970 6 The the DT 7960 1970 7 skill skill NN 7960 1970 8 of of IN 7960 1970 9 Oriental oriental JJ 7960 1970 10 peoples people NNS 7960 1970 11 as as IN 7960 1970 12 mechanics mechanic NNS 7960 1970 13 and and CC 7960 1970 14 engineers engineer NNS 7960 1970 15 is be VBZ 7960 1970 16 proved prove VBN 7960 1970 17 by by IN 7960 1970 18 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 1970 19 success success NN 7960 1970 20 as as IN 7960 1970 21 builders builder NNS 7960 1970 22 . . . 7960 1971 1 The the DT 7960 1971 2 great great JJ 7960 1971 3 pyramids pyramid NNS 7960 1971 4 exactly exactly RB 7960 1971 5 face face VBP 7960 1971 6 the the DT 7960 1971 7 points point NNS 7960 1971 8 of of IN 7960 1971 9 the the DT 7960 1971 10 compass compass NN 7960 1971 11 . . . 7960 1972 1 The the DT 7960 1972 2 principle principle NN 7960 1972 3 of of IN 7960 1972 4 the the DT 7960 1972 5 round round NN 7960 1972 6 arch arch NN 7960 1972 7 was be VBD 7960 1972 8 known know VBN 7960 1972 9 in in IN 7960 1972 10 Babylonia Babylonia NNP 7960 1972 11 at at IN 7960 1972 12 a a DT 7960 1972 13 remote remote JJ 7960 1972 14 period period NN 7960 1972 15 The the DT 7960 1972 16 transportation transportation NN 7960 1972 17 of of IN 7960 1972 18 colossal colossal JJ 7960 1972 19 stone stone NN 7960 1972 20 monuments monument NNS 7960 1972 21 exhibits exhibit VBZ 7960 1972 22 a a DT 7960 1972 23 knowledge knowledge NN 7960 1972 24 of of IN 7960 1972 25 the the DT 7960 1972 26 lever lever NN 7960 1972 27 , , , 7960 1972 28 pulley pulley NNP 7960 1972 29 , , , 7960 1972 30 and and CC 7960 1972 31 inclined incline VBN 7960 1972 32 plane plane NN 7960 1972 33 . . . 7960 1973 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 1973 2 22 22 CD 7960 1973 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 1973 4 Babylonian babylonian JJ 7960 1973 5 inventions invention NNS 7960 1973 6 were be VBD 7960 1973 7 the the DT 7960 1973 8 sundial sundial NN 7960 1973 9 and and CC 7960 1973 10 the the DT 7960 1973 11 water water NN 7960 1973 12 clock clock NN 7960 1973 13 , , , 7960 1973 14 the the DT 7960 1973 15 one one NN 7960 1973 16 to to TO 7960 1973 17 register register VB 7960 1973 18 the the DT 7960 1973 19 passage passage NN 7960 1973 20 of of IN 7960 1973 21 the the DT 7960 1973 22 hours hour NNS 7960 1973 23 by by IN 7960 1973 24 day day NN 7960 1973 25 , , , 7960 1973 26 the the DT 7960 1973 27 other other JJ 7960 1973 28 by by IN 7960 1973 29 night night NN 7960 1973 30 . . . 7960 1974 1 The the DT 7960 1974 2 Egyptians Egyptians NNPS 7960 1974 3 and and CC 7960 1974 4 Babylonians Babylonians NNPS 7960 1974 5 also also RB 7960 1974 6 made make VBD 7960 1974 7 some some DT 7960 1974 8 progress progress NN 7960 1974 9 in in IN 7960 1974 10 the the DT 7960 1974 11 practice practice NN 7960 1974 12 of of IN 7960 1974 13 medicine medicine NN 7960 1974 14 . . . 7960 1975 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 1975 2 Illustration illustration NN 7960 1975 3 : : : 7960 1975 4 A a DT 7960 1975 5 BABYLONIAN babylonian JJ 7960 1975 6 MAP map NN 7960 1975 7 OF of IN 7960 1975 8 THE the DT 7960 1975 9 WORLD world NN 7960 1975 10 A a DT 7960 1975 11 tablet tablet NN 7960 1975 12 of of IN 7960 1975 13 dark dark JJ 7960 1975 14 brown brown JJ 7960 1975 15 clay clay NN 7960 1975 16 , , , 7960 1975 17 much much RB 7960 1975 18 injured injure VBN 7960 1975 19 , , , 7960 1975 20 dating date VBG 7960 1975 21 from from IN 7960 1975 22 the the DT 7960 1975 23 8th 8th JJ 7960 1975 24 or or CC 7960 1975 25 7th 7th JJ 7960 1975 26 century century NN 7960 1975 27 B.C. B.C. NNP 7960 1976 1 The the DT 7960 1976 2 two two CD 7960 1976 3 large large JJ 7960 1976 4 concentric concentric JJ 7960 1976 5 circles circle NNS 7960 1976 6 indicate indicate VBP 7960 1976 7 the the DT 7960 1976 8 ocean ocean NN 7960 1976 9 or or CC 7960 1976 10 , , , 7960 1976 11 as as IN 7960 1976 12 it -PRON- PRP 7960 1976 13 is be VBZ 7960 1976 14 called call VBN 7960 1976 15 in in IN 7960 1976 16 the the DT 7960 1976 17 cuneiform cuneiform NN 7960 1976 18 writing write VBG 7960 1976 19 between between IN 7960 1976 20 the the DT 7960 1976 21 circles circle NNS 7960 1976 22 , , , 7960 1976 23 the the DT 7960 1976 24 ' ' `` 7960 1976 25 Briny Briny NNP 7960 1976 26 Flood Flood NNP 7960 1976 27 . . . 7960 1976 28 ' ' '' 7960 1977 1 Beyond beyond IN 7960 1977 2 the the DT 7960 1977 3 ocean ocean NN 7960 1977 4 are be VBP 7960 1977 5 seven seven CD 7960 1977 6 successive successive JJ 7960 1977 7 projections projection NNS 7960 1977 8 of of IN 7960 1977 9 land land NN 7960 1977 10 , , , 7960 1977 11 represented represent VBN 7960 1977 12 by by IN 7960 1977 13 triangles triangle NNS 7960 1977 14 . . . 7960 1978 1 Perhaps perhaps RB 7960 1978 2 they -PRON- PRP 7960 1978 3 refer refer VBP 7960 1978 4 to to IN 7960 1978 5 the the DT 7960 1978 6 countries country NNS 7960 1978 7 existing exist VBG 7960 1978 8 beyond beyond IN 7960 1978 9 the the DT 7960 1978 10 Black Black NNP 7960 1978 11 Sea Sea NNP 7960 1978 12 and and CC 7960 1978 13 the the DT 7960 1978 14 Red Red NNP 7960 1978 15 Sea Sea NNP 7960 1978 16 . . . 7960 1979 1 The the DT 7960 1979 2 two two CD 7960 1979 3 parallel parallel JJ 7960 1979 4 lines line NNS 7960 1979 5 within within IN 7960 1979 6 the the DT 7960 1979 7 inner inner JJ 7960 1979 8 circle circle NN 7960 1979 9 represent represent VBP 7960 1979 10 the the DT 7960 1979 11 Euphrates Euphrates NNP 7960 1979 12 . . . 7960 1980 1 The the DT 7960 1980 2 little little JJ 7960 1980 3 rings ring NNS 7960 1980 4 stand stand VBP 7960 1980 5 for for IN 7960 1980 6 the the DT 7960 1980 7 Babylonian babylonian JJ 7960 1980 8 cities city NNS 7960 1980 9 in in IN 7960 1980 10 this this DT 7960 1980 11 region region NN 7960 1980 12 . . . 7960 1980 13 ] ] -RRB- 7960 1981 1 THE the DT 7960 1981 2 TEMPLE TEMPLE NNP 7960 1981 3 SCHOOL SCHOOL NNP 7960 1981 4 The the DT 7960 1981 5 schools school NNS 7960 1981 6 , , , 7960 1981 7 in in IN 7960 1981 8 both both DT 7960 1981 9 Egypt Egypt NNP 7960 1981 10 and and CC 7960 1981 11 Babylonia Babylonia NNP 7960 1981 12 , , , 7960 1981 13 were be VBD 7960 1981 14 attached attach VBN 7960 1981 15 to to IN 7960 1981 16 the the DT 7960 1981 17 temples temple NNS 7960 1981 18 and and CC 7960 1981 19 were be VBD 7960 1981 20 conducted conduct VBN 7960 1981 21 by by IN 7960 1981 22 the the DT 7960 1981 23 priests priest NNS 7960 1981 24 . . . 7960 1982 1 Writing writing NN 7960 1982 2 was be VBD 7960 1982 3 the the DT 7960 1982 4 chief chief JJ 7960 1982 5 subject subject NN 7960 1982 6 of of IN 7960 1982 7 instruction instruction NN 7960 1982 8 . . . 7960 1983 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 1983 2 took take VBD 7960 1983 3 many many JJ 7960 1983 4 years year NNS 7960 1983 5 of of IN 7960 1983 6 patient patient JJ 7960 1983 7 study study NN 7960 1983 8 to to TO 7960 1983 9 master master VB 7960 1983 10 the the DT 7960 1983 11 cuneiform cuneiform NN 7960 1983 12 symbols symbol NNS 7960 1983 13 or or CC 7960 1983 14 the the DT 7960 1983 15 even even RB 7960 1983 16 more more RBR 7960 1983 17 difficult difficult JJ 7960 1983 18 hieroglyphics hieroglyphic NNS 7960 1983 19 . . . 7960 1984 1 " " `` 7960 1984 2 He -PRON- PRP 7960 1984 3 who who WP 7960 1984 4 would would MD 7960 1984 5 excel excel VB 7960 1984 6 in in IN 7960 1984 7 the the DT 7960 1984 8 school school NN 7960 1984 9 of of IN 7960 1984 10 the the DT 7960 1984 11 scribes scribe NNS 7960 1984 12 , , , 7960 1984 13 " " '' 7960 1984 14 ran run VBD 7960 1984 15 an an DT 7960 1984 16 ancient ancient JJ 7960 1984 17 maxim maxim NN 7960 1984 18 , , , 7960 1984 19 " " `` 7960 1984 20 must must MD 7960 1984 21 rise rise VB 7960 1984 22 with with IN 7960 1984 23 the the DT 7960 1984 24 dawn dawn NN 7960 1984 25 . . . 7960 1984 26 " " '' 7960 1985 1 Writing writing NN 7960 1985 2 was be VBD 7960 1985 3 learned learn VBN 7960 1985 4 by by IN 7960 1985 5 imitating imitate VBG 7960 1985 6 the the DT 7960 1985 7 examples example NNS 7960 1985 8 supplied supply VBN 7960 1985 9 in in IN 7960 1985 10 copy- copy- NN 7960 1985 11 books book NNS 7960 1985 12 . . . 7960 1986 1 Some some DT 7960 1986 2 of of IN 7960 1986 3 the the DT 7960 1986 4 model model NN 7960 1986 5 letters letter NNS 7960 1986 6 studied study VBN 7960 1986 7 by by IN 7960 1986 8 Egyptian egyptian JJ 7960 1986 9 boys boy NNS 7960 1986 10 of of IN 7960 1986 11 the the DT 7960 1986 12 twentieth twentieth JJ 7960 1986 13 century century NN 7960 1986 14 B.C. B.C. NNP 7960 1987 1 have have VBP 7960 1987 2 come come VBN 7960 1987 3 down down RP 7960 1987 4 to to IN 7960 1987 5 us -PRON- PRP 7960 1987 6 . . . 7960 1988 1 Reading reading NN 7960 1988 2 , , , 7960 1988 3 too too RB 7960 1988 4 , , , 7960 1988 5 was be VBD 7960 1988 6 an an DT 7960 1988 7 art art NN 7960 1988 8 not not RB 7960 1988 9 easy easy JJ 7960 1988 10 to to TO 7960 1988 11 learn learn VB 7960 1988 12 . . . 7960 1989 1 Dictionaries dictionary NNS 7960 1989 2 and and CC 7960 1989 3 grammars grammar NNS 7960 1989 4 were be VBD 7960 1989 5 written write VBN 7960 1989 6 to to TO 7960 1989 7 aid aid VB 7960 1989 8 the the DT 7960 1989 9 beginner beginner NN 7960 1989 10 . . . 7960 1990 1 A a DT 7960 1990 2 little little JJ 7960 1990 3 instruction instruction NN 7960 1990 4 was be VBD 7960 1990 5 also also RB 7960 1990 6 provided provide VBN 7960 1990 7 in in IN 7960 1990 8 counting counting NN 7960 1990 9 and and CC 7960 1990 10 calculating calculating NN 7960 1990 11 . . . 7960 1991 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 1991 2 Illustration illustration NN 7960 1991 3 : : : 7960 1991 4 AN an DT 7960 1991 5 EGYPTIAN EGYPTIAN NNP 7960 1991 6 SCRIBE SCRIBE NNP 7960 1991 7 ( ( -LRB- 7960 1991 8 Louvre Louvre NNP 7960 1991 9 , , , 7960 1991 10 Paris Paris NNP 7960 1991 11 ) ) -RRB- 7960 1991 12 ] ] -RRB- 7960 1991 13 THE the DT 7960 1991 14 SCRIBES SCRIBES NNP 7960 1991 15 Having have VBG 7960 1991 16 learned learn VBN 7960 1991 17 to to TO 7960 1991 18 read read VB 7960 1991 19 and and CC 7960 1991 20 write write VB 7960 1991 21 , , , 7960 1991 22 the the DT 7960 1991 23 pupil pupil NN 7960 1991 24 was be VBD 7960 1991 25 ready ready JJ 7960 1991 26 to to TO 7960 1991 27 enter enter VB 7960 1991 28 on on IN 7960 1991 29 the the DT 7960 1991 30 coveted coveted JJ 7960 1991 31 career career NN 7960 1991 32 of of IN 7960 1991 33 a a DT 7960 1991 34 scribe scribe NN 7960 1991 35 . . . 7960 1992 1 In in IN 7960 1992 2 a a DT 7960 1992 3 community community NN 7960 1992 4 where where WRB 7960 1992 5 nearly nearly RB 7960 1992 6 every every DT 7960 1992 7 one one NN 7960 1992 8 was be VBD 7960 1992 9 illiterate illiterate JJ 7960 1992 10 , , , 7960 1992 11 the the DT 7960 1992 12 scribes scribe NNS 7960 1992 13 naturally naturally RB 7960 1992 14 held hold VBD 7960 1992 15 an an DT 7960 1992 16 honorable honorable JJ 7960 1992 17 place place NN 7960 1992 18 . . . 7960 1993 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 1993 2 conducted conduct VBD 7960 1993 3 the the DT 7960 1993 4 correspondence correspondence NN 7960 1993 5 of of IN 7960 1993 6 the the DT 7960 1993 7 time time NN 7960 1993 8 . . . 7960 1994 1 When when WRB 7960 1994 2 a a DT 7960 1994 3 man man NN 7960 1994 4 wished wish VBD 7960 1994 5 to to TO 7960 1994 6 send send VB 7960 1994 7 a a DT 7960 1994 8 letter letter NN 7960 1994 9 , , , 7960 1994 10 he -PRON- PRP 7960 1994 11 had have VBD 7960 1994 12 a a DT 7960 1994 13 scribe scribe NN 7960 1994 14 write write VB 7960 1994 15 it -PRON- PRP 7960 1994 16 , , , 7960 1994 17 signing sign VBG 7960 1994 18 it -PRON- PRP 7960 1994 19 himself -PRON- PRP 7960 1994 20 by by IN 7960 1994 21 affixing affix VBG 7960 1994 22 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 1994 23 seal seal NN 7960 1994 24 . . . 7960 1995 1 When when WRB 7960 1995 2 he -PRON- PRP 7960 1995 3 received receive VBD 7960 1995 4 a a DT 7960 1995 5 letter letter NN 7960 1995 6 , , , 7960 1995 7 he -PRON- PRP 7960 1995 8 usually usually RB 7960 1995 9 employed employ VBD 7960 1995 10 a a DT 7960 1995 11 scribe scribe NN 7960 1995 12 to to TO 7960 1995 13 read read VB 7960 1995 14 it -PRON- PRP 7960 1995 15 to to IN 7960 1995 16 him -PRON- PRP 7960 1995 17 . . . 7960 1996 1 The the DT 7960 1996 2 scribes scribe NNS 7960 1996 3 were be VBD 7960 1996 4 also also RB 7960 1996 5 kept keep VBN 7960 1996 6 busy busy JJ 7960 1996 7 copying copy VBG 7960 1996 8 books book NNS 7960 1996 9 on on IN 7960 1996 10 the the DT 7960 1996 11 papyrus papyrus NNP 7960 1996 12 paper paper NN 7960 1996 13 or or CC 7960 1996 14 clay clay NN 7960 1996 15 tablets tablet NNS 7960 1996 16 which which WDT 7960 1996 17 served serve VBD 7960 1996 18 as as IN 7960 1996 19 writing writing NN 7960 1996 20 materials material NNS 7960 1996 21 . . . 7960 1997 1 THE the DT 7960 1997 2 TEMPLE TEMPLE NNP 7960 1997 3 LIBRARY library NN 7960 1997 4 Every every DT 7960 1997 5 large large JJ 7960 1997 6 city city NN 7960 1997 7 of of IN 7960 1997 8 Babylonia Babylonia NNP 7960 1997 9 possessed possess VBD 7960 1997 10 a a DT 7960 1997 11 collection collection NN 7960 1997 12 of of IN 7960 1997 13 books book NNS 7960 1997 14 . . . 7960 1998 1 Several several JJ 7960 1998 2 of of IN 7960 1998 3 the the DT 7960 1998 4 larger large JJR 7960 1998 5 libraries library NNS 7960 1998 6 have have VBP 7960 1998 7 been be VBN 7960 1998 8 discovered discover VBN 7960 1998 9 . . . 7960 1999 1 At at IN 7960 1999 2 Nippur Nippur NNP 7960 1999 3 , , , 7960 1999 4 in in IN 7960 1999 5 Babylonia Babylonia NNP 7960 1999 6 , , , 7960 1999 7 thirty thirty CD 7960 1999 8 thousand thousand CD 7960 1999 9 clay clay NN 7960 1999 10 tablets tablet NNS 7960 1999 11 were be VBD 7960 1999 12 found find VBN 7960 1999 13 . . . 7960 2000 1 Another another DT 7960 2000 2 great great JJ 7960 2000 3 collection collection NN 7960 2000 4 of of IN 7960 2000 5 books book NNS 7960 2000 6 was be VBD 7960 2000 7 unearthed unearth VBN 7960 2000 8 in in IN 7960 2000 9 a a DT 7960 2000 10 royal royal JJ 7960 2000 11 palace palace NN 7960 2000 12 at at IN 7960 2000 13 Nineveh Nineveh NNP 7960 2000 14 . . . 7960 2001 1 This this DT 7960 2001 2 Assyrian assyrian JJ 7960 2001 3 library library NN 7960 2001 4 seems seem VBZ 7960 2001 5 to to TO 7960 2001 6 have have VB 7960 2001 7 been be VBN 7960 2001 8 open open JJ 7960 2001 9 for for IN 7960 2001 10 the the DT 7960 2001 11 general general JJ 7960 2001 12 use use NN 7960 2001 13 of of IN 7960 2001 14 the the DT 7960 2001 15 king king NN 7960 2001 16 's 's POS 7960 2001 17 subjects subject NNS 7960 2001 18 . . . 7960 2002 1 The the DT 7960 2002 2 Egyptians Egyptians NNPS 7960 2002 3 also also RB 7960 2002 4 had have VBD 7960 2002 5 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 2002 6 libraries library NNS 7960 2002 7 , , , 7960 2002 8 usually usually RB 7960 2002 9 as as IN 7960 2002 10 adjuncts adjunct NNS 7960 2002 11 to to IN 7960 2002 12 the the DT 7960 2002 13 temples temple NNS 7960 2002 14 , , , 7960 2002 15 and and CC 7960 2002 16 hence hence RB 7960 2002 17 under under IN 7960 2002 18 priestly priestly RB 7960 2002 19 control control NN 7960 2002 20 . . . 7960 2003 1 WIDESPREAD widespread WRB 7960 2003 2 POPULAR POPULAR NNP 7960 2003 3 IGNORANCE IGNORANCE NNP 7960 2003 4 Learning Learning NNP 7960 2003 5 and and CC 7960 2003 6 education education NN 7960 2003 7 were be VBD 7960 2003 8 so so RB 7960 2003 9 closely closely RB 7960 2003 10 limited limited JJ 7960 2003 11 to to IN 7960 2003 12 a a DT 7960 2003 13 few few JJ 7960 2003 14 individuals individual NNS 7960 2003 15 that that WDT 7960 2003 16 the the DT 7960 2003 17 mass mass NN 7960 2003 18 of of IN 7960 2003 19 the the DT 7960 2003 20 people people NNS 7960 2003 21 were be VBD 7960 2003 22 sunk sink VBN 7960 2003 23 in in IN 7960 2003 24 deepest deep JJS 7960 2003 25 ignorance ignorance NN 7960 2003 26 . . . 7960 2004 1 Men man NNS 7960 2004 2 could could MD 7960 2004 3 not not RB 7960 2004 4 pursue pursue VB 7960 2004 5 knowledge knowledge NN 7960 2004 6 for for IN 7960 2004 7 themselves -PRON- PRP 7960 2004 8 , , , 7960 2004 9 but but CC 7960 2004 10 had have VBD 7960 2004 11 to to TO 7960 2004 12 accept accept VB 7960 2004 13 every every DT 7960 2004 14 thing thing NN 7960 2004 15 on on IN 7960 2004 16 authority authority NN 7960 2004 17 . . . 7960 2005 1 Hence hence RB 7960 2005 2 the the DT 7960 2005 3 inhabitants inhabitant NNS 7960 2005 4 of of IN 7960 2005 5 Oriental oriental JJ 7960 2005 6 lands land NNS 7960 2005 7 remained remain VBD 7960 2005 8 a a DT 7960 2005 9 conservative conservative JJ 7960 2005 10 folk folk NN 7960 2005 11 , , , 7960 2005 12 slow slow JJ 7960 2005 13 to to TO 7960 2005 14 abandon abandon VB 7960 2005 15 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 2005 16 time time NN 7960 2005 17 - - HYPH 7960 2005 18 honored honor VBN 7960 2005 19 beliefs belief NNS 7960 2005 20 and and CC 7960 2005 21 very very RB 7960 2005 22 unwilling unwilling JJ 7960 2005 23 to to TO 7960 2005 24 adopt adopt VB 7960 2005 25 a a DT 7960 2005 26 new new JJ 7960 2005 27 custom custom NN 7960 2005 28 even even RB 7960 2005 29 when when WRB 7960 2005 30 clearly clearly RB 7960 2005 31 better well JJR 7960 2005 32 than than IN 7960 2005 33 the the DT 7960 2005 34 old old JJ 7960 2005 35 . . . 7960 2006 1 This this DT 7960 2006 2 absence absence NN 7960 2006 3 of of IN 7960 2006 4 popular popular JJ 7960 2006 5 education education NN 7960 2006 6 , , , 7960 2006 7 more more JJR 7960 2006 8 than than IN 7960 2006 9 anything anything NN 7960 2006 10 else else RB 7960 2006 11 , , , 7960 2006 12 made make VBD 7960 2006 13 Oriental oriental JJ 7960 2006 14 civilization civilization NN 7960 2006 15 unprogressive unprogressive NN 7960 2006 16 . . . 7960 2007 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 2007 2 Illustration illustration NN 7960 2007 3 : : : 7960 2007 4 EXCAVATION excavation NN 7960 2007 5 AT at IN 7960 2007 6 NIPPUR NIPPUR NNP 7960 2007 7 Nippur Nippur NNP 7960 2007 8 was be VBD 7960 2007 9 the the DT 7960 2007 10 ancient ancient JJ 7960 2007 11 " " `` 7960 2007 12 Calneh Calneh NNP 7960 2007 13 in in IN 7960 2007 14 the the DT 7960 2007 15 land land NN 7960 2007 16 of of IN 7960 2007 17 Shinar Shinar NNP 7960 2007 18 " " '' 7960 2007 19 ( ( -LRB- 7960 2007 20 _ _ NNP 7960 2007 21 Genesis Genesis NNP 7960 2007 22 _ _ NNP 7960 2007 23 , , , 7960 2007 24 x x NNP 7960 2007 25 , , , 7960 2007 26 10 10 CD 7960 2007 27 ) ) -RRB- 7960 2007 28 Excavations excavation NNS 7960 2007 29 here here RB 7960 2007 30 were be VBD 7960 2007 31 conducted conduct VBN 7960 2007 32 by by IN 7960 2007 33 the the DT 7960 2007 34 University University NNP 7960 2007 35 of of IN 7960 2007 36 Pennsylvania Pennsylvania NNP 7960 2007 37 during during IN 7960 2007 38 1889 1889 CD 7960 2007 39 - - SYM 7960 2007 40 1900 1900 CD 7960 2007 41 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 2008 1 The the DT 7960 2008 2 city city NN 7960 2008 3 contained contain VBD 7960 2008 4 an an DT 7960 2008 5 imposing impose VBG 7960 2008 6 temple temple NN 7960 2008 7 , , , 7960 2008 8 a a DT 7960 2008 9 library library NN 7960 2008 10 , , , 7960 2008 11 a a DT 7960 2008 12 school school NN 7960 2008 13 , , , 7960 2008 14 and and CC 7960 2008 15 even even RB 7960 2008 16 a a DT 7960 2008 17 little little JJ 7960 2008 18 museum museum NN 7960 2008 19 of of IN 7960 2008 20 antiquities antiquity NNS 7960 2008 21 . . . 7960 2008 22 ] ] -RRB- 7960 2009 1 STUDIES STUDIES NNP 7960 2009 2 1 1 CD 7960 2009 3 . . . 7960 2010 1 What what WP 7960 2010 2 was be VBD 7960 2010 3 the the DT 7960 2010 4 origin origin NN 7960 2010 5 of of IN 7960 2010 6 the the DT 7960 2010 7 " " `` 7960 2010 8 divine divine JJ 7960 2010 9 right right NN 7960 2010 10 " " '' 7960 2010 11 of of IN 7960 2010 12 kings king NNS 7960 2010 13 ? ? . 7960 2011 1 2 2 LS 7960 2011 2 . . . 7960 2012 1 Explain explain VB 7960 2012 2 what what WP 7960 2012 3 is be VBZ 7960 2012 4 meant mean VBN 7960 2012 5 by by IN 7960 2012 6 _ _ NNP 7960 2012 7 despotism despotism NN 7960 2012 8 _ _ NNP 7960 2012 9 ; ; : 7960 2012 10 by by IN 7960 2012 11 _ _ NNP 7960 2012 12 autocracy autocracy NN 7960 2012 13 _ _ NNP 7960 2012 14 . . . 7960 2013 1 3 3 LS 7960 2013 2 . . . 7960 2014 1 What what WP 7960 2014 2 European european JJ 7960 2014 3 state state NN 7960 2014 4 comes come VBZ 7960 2014 5 nearest near JJS 7960 2014 6 to to IN 7960 2014 7 being be VBG 7960 2014 8 a a DT 7960 2014 9 pure pure JJ 7960 2014 10 despotism despotism NN 7960 2014 11 ? ? . 7960 2015 1 What what WP 7960 2015 2 European european JJ 7960 2015 3 monarch monarch NN 7960 2015 4 styles style NNS 7960 2015 5 himself -PRON- PRP 7960 2015 6 as as IN 7960 2015 7 an an DT 7960 2015 8 autocrat autocrat NN 7960 2015 9 ? ? . 7960 2016 1 4 4 LS 7960 2016 2 . . . 7960 2017 1 What what WP 7960 2017 2 do do VBP 7960 2017 3 the the DT 7960 2017 4 illustrations illustration NNS 7960 2017 5 on on IN 7960 2017 6 pages page NNS 7960 2017 7 38 38 CD 7960 2017 8 , , , 7960 2017 9 43 43 CD 7960 2017 10 tell tell VBP 7960 2017 11 about about IN 7960 2017 12 the the DT 7960 2017 13 pomp pomp NN 7960 2017 14 of of IN 7960 2017 15 Oriental oriental JJ 7960 2017 16 kings king NNS 7960 2017 17 ? ? . 7960 2018 1 5 5 CD 7960 2018 2 . . . 7960 2019 1 Why why WRB 7960 2019 2 did do VBD 7960 2019 3 the the DT 7960 2019 4 existence existence NN 7960 2019 5 of of IN 7960 2019 6 numerous numerous JJ 7960 2019 7 slaves slave NNS 7960 2019 8 in in IN 7960 2019 9 Egypt Egypt NNP 7960 2019 10 and and CC 7960 2019 11 Babylonia Babylonia NNP 7960 2019 12 tend tend VBP 7960 2019 13 to to TO 7960 2019 14 keep keep VB 7960 2019 15 low low JJ 7960 2019 16 the the DT 7960 2019 17 wages wage NNS 7960 2019 18 of of IN 7960 2019 19 free free JJ 7960 2019 20 workmen workman NNS 7960 2019 21 ? ? . 7960 2020 1 Why why WRB 7960 2020 2 is be VBZ 7960 2020 3 it -PRON- PRP 7960 2020 4 true true JJ 7960 2020 5 that that IN 7960 2020 6 civilization civilization NN 7960 2020 7 may may MD 7960 2020 8 be be VB 7960 2020 9 said say VBN 7960 2020 10 to to TO 7960 2020 11 have have VB 7960 2020 12 begun begin VBN 7960 2020 13 " " '' 7960 2020 14 with with IN 7960 2020 15 the the DT 7960 2020 16 cracking cracking NN 7960 2020 17 of of IN 7960 2020 18 the the DT 7960 2020 19 slave slave NN 7960 2020 20 whip whip NN 7960 2020 21 " " '' 7960 2020 22 ? ? . 7960 2021 1 6 6 CD 7960 2021 2 . . . 7960 2022 1 What what WDT 7960 2022 2 light light NN 7960 2022 3 is be VBZ 7960 2022 4 thrown throw VBN 7960 2022 5 on on IN 7960 2022 6 the the DT 7960 2022 7 beginnings beginning NNS 7960 2022 8 of of IN 7960 2022 9 money money NN 7960 2022 10 in in IN 7960 2022 11 ancient ancient JJ 7960 2022 12 Egypt Egypt NNP 7960 2022 13 by by IN 7960 2022 14 the the DT 7960 2022 15 illustration illustration NN 7960 2022 16 on on IN 7960 2022 17 page page NN 7960 2022 18 47 47 CD 7960 2022 19 ? ? . 7960 2023 1 7 7 LS 7960 2023 2 . . . 7960 2024 1 Name name VB 7960 2024 2 some some DT 7960 2024 3 objects object NNS 7960 2024 4 which which WDT 7960 2024 5 , , , 7960 2024 6 in in IN 7960 2024 7 place place NN 7960 2024 8 of of IN 7960 2024 9 the the DT 7960 2024 10 metals metal NNS 7960 2024 11 , , , 7960 2024 12 are be VBP 7960 2024 13 used use VBN 7960 2024 14 by by IN 7960 2024 15 primitive primitive JJ 7960 2024 16 peoples people NNS 7960 2024 17 as as IN 7960 2024 18 money money NN 7960 2024 19 . . . 7960 2025 1 8 8 LS 7960 2025 2 . . . 7960 2026 1 Interest interest NN 7960 2026 2 in in IN 7960 2026 3 Babylonia Babylonia NNP 7960 2026 4 was be VBD 7960 2026 5 usually usually RB 7960 2026 6 at at IN 7960 2026 7 the the DT 7960 2026 8 rate rate NN 7960 2026 9 of of IN 7960 2026 10 20 20 CD 7960 2026 11 % % NN 7960 2026 12 a a DT 7960 2026 13 year year NN 7960 2026 14 . . . 7960 2027 1 Why why WRB 7960 2027 2 is be VBZ 7960 2027 3 it -PRON- PRP 7960 2027 4 so so RB 7960 2027 5 much much RB 7960 2027 6 lower low JJR 7960 2027 7 in in IN 7960 2027 8 modern modern JJ 7960 2027 9 countries country NNS 7960 2027 10 ? ? . 7960 2028 1 9 9 CD 7960 2028 2 . . . 7960 2029 1 On on IN 7960 2029 2 the the DT 7960 2029 3 map map NN 7960 2029 4 , , , 7960 2029 5 page page NN 7960 2029 6 48 48 CD 7960 2029 7 , , , 7960 2029 8 indicate indicate VBP 7960 2029 9 the the DT 7960 2029 10 trade trade NN 7960 2029 11 routes route NNS 7960 2029 12 between between IN 7960 2029 13 eastern eastern JJ 7960 2029 14 and and CC 7960 2029 15 western western JJ 7960 2029 16 Asia Asia NNP 7960 2029 17 which which WDT 7960 2029 18 met meet VBD 7960 2029 19 in in IN 7960 2029 20 Mesopotamia Mesopotamia NNP 7960 2029 21 . . . 7960 2030 1 10 10 CD 7960 2030 2 . . . 7960 2031 1 The the DT 7960 2031 2 Phoenicians Phoenicians NNPS 7960 2031 3 have have VBP 7960 2031 4 been be VBN 7960 2031 5 called call VBN 7960 2031 6 " " `` 7960 2031 7 the the DT 7960 2031 8 English English NNP 7960 2031 9 of of IN 7960 2031 10 antiquity antiquity NN 7960 2031 11 . . . 7960 2031 12 " " '' 7960 2032 1 Can Can MD 7960 2032 2 you -PRON- PRP 7960 2032 3 give give VB 7960 2032 4 any any DT 7960 2032 5 reason reason NN 7960 2032 6 for for IN 7960 2032 7 this this DT 7960 2032 8 characterization characterization NN 7960 2032 9 ? ? . 7960 2033 1 11 11 CD 7960 2033 2 . . . 7960 2034 1 Why why WRB 7960 2034 2 should should MD 7960 2034 3 the the DT 7960 2034 4 Phoenicians Phoenicians NNPS 7960 2034 5 have have VBP 7960 2034 6 been be VBN 7960 2034 7 called call VBN 7960 2034 8 the the DT 7960 2034 9 " " `` 7960 2034 10 colossal colossal JJ 7960 2034 11 peddlers peddler NNS 7960 2034 12 " " '' 7960 2034 13 of of IN 7960 2034 14 the the DT 7960 2034 15 ancient ancient JJ 7960 2034 16 world world NN 7960 2034 17 ? ? . 7960 2035 1 12 12 CD 7960 2035 2 . . . 7960 2036 1 What what WDT 7960 2036 2 books book NNS 7960 2036 3 of of IN 7960 2036 4 the the DT 7960 2036 5 Bible Bible NNP 7960 2036 6 contain contain VBP 7960 2036 7 the the DT 7960 2036 8 laws law NNS 7960 2036 9 of of IN 7960 2036 10 Israel Israel NNP 7960 2036 11 ? ? . 7960 2037 1 13 13 CD 7960 2037 2 . . . 7960 2038 1 What what WDT 7960 2038 2 reasons reason NNS 7960 2038 3 can can MD 7960 2038 4 you -PRON- PRP 7960 2038 5 suggest suggest VB 7960 2038 6 for for IN 7960 2038 7 the the DT 7960 2038 8 universal universal JJ 7960 2038 9 worship worship NN 7960 2038 10 of of IN 7960 2038 11 the the DT 7960 2038 12 sun sun NN 7960 2038 13 ? ? . 7960 2039 1 14 14 CD 7960 2039 2 . . . 7960 2040 1 Define Define NNP 7960 2040 2 _ _ NNP 7960 2040 3 polytheism polytheism NN 7960 2040 4 _ _ NNP 7960 2040 5 and and CC 7960 2040 6 _ _ NNP 7960 2040 7 monotheism monotheism NN 7960 2040 8 _ _ NNP 7960 2040 9 , , , 7960 2040 10 giving give VBG 7960 2040 11 examples example NNS 7960 2040 12 of of IN 7960 2040 13 each each DT 7960 2040 14 . . . 7960 2041 1 15 15 CD 7960 2041 2 . . . 7960 2042 1 Describe describe VB 7960 2042 2 the the DT 7960 2042 3 Egyptian egyptian JJ 7960 2042 4 conception conception NN 7960 2042 5 of of IN 7960 2042 6 the the DT 7960 2042 7 judgment judgment NN 7960 2042 8 of of IN 7960 2042 9 the the DT 7960 2042 10 dead dead JJ 7960 2042 11 ( ( -LRB- 7960 2042 12 illustration illustration NN 7960 2042 13 , , , 7960 2042 14 page page NN 7960 2042 15 56 56 CD 7960 2042 16 ) ) -RRB- 7960 2042 17 . . . 7960 2043 1 16 16 CD 7960 2043 2 . . . 7960 2044 1 How how WRB 7960 2044 2 many many JJ 7960 2044 3 " " `` 7960 2044 4 books book NNS 7960 2044 5 " " '' 7960 2044 6 are be VBP 7960 2044 7 there there RB 7960 2044 8 in in IN 7960 2044 9 the the DT 7960 2044 10 Old Old NNP 7960 2044 11 Testament Testament NNP 7960 2044 12 ? ? . 7960 2045 1 17 17 CD 7960 2045 2 . . . 7960 2046 1 What what WP 7960 2046 2 is be VBZ 7960 2046 3 the the DT 7960 2046 4 Apocrypha apocrypha NN 7960 2046 5 ? ? . 7960 2047 1 18 18 CD 7960 2047 2 . . . 7960 2048 1 How how WRB 7960 2048 2 are be VBP 7960 2048 3 the the DT 7960 2048 4 pyramids pyramid NNS 7960 2048 5 proof proof NN 7960 2048 6 of of IN 7960 2048 7 an an DT 7960 2048 8 advanced advanced JJ 7960 2048 9 civilization civilization NN 7960 2048 10 among among IN 7960 2048 11 the the DT 7960 2048 12 Egyptians Egyptians NNPS 7960 2048 13 ? ? . 7960 2049 1 19 19 CD 7960 2049 2 . . . 7960 2050 1 What what WP 7960 2050 2 is be VBZ 7960 2050 3 a a DT 7960 2050 4 bas bas NN 7960 2050 5 - - HYPH 7960 2050 6 relief relief NN 7960 2050 7 ? ? . 7960 2051 1 Select select VB 7960 2051 2 some some DT 7960 2051 3 examples example NNS 7960 2051 4 from from IN 7960 2051 5 the the DT 7960 2051 6 illustrations illustration NNS 7960 2051 7 . . . 7960 2052 1 20 20 CD 7960 2052 2 . . . 7960 2053 1 From from IN 7960 2053 2 what what WP 7960 2053 3 Oriental oriental JJ 7960 2053 4 peoples people NNS 7960 2053 5 do do VBP 7960 2053 6 we -PRON- PRP 7960 2053 7 get get VB 7960 2053 8 the the DT 7960 2053 9 oldest old JJS 7960 2053 10 true true JJ 7960 2053 11 arch arch NN 7960 2053 12 ? ? . 7960 2054 1 the the DT 7960 2054 2 first first JJ 7960 2054 3 coined coined JJ 7960 2054 4 money money NN 7960 2054 5 ? ? . 7960 2055 1 the the DT 7960 2055 2 earliest early JJS 7960 2055 3 legal legal JJ 7960 2055 4 code code NN 7960 2055 5 ? ? . 7960 2056 1 the the DT 7960 2056 2 most most RBS 7960 2056 3 ancient ancient JJ 7960 2056 4 book book NN 7960 2056 5 ? ? . 7960 2057 1 21 21 CD 7960 2057 2 . . . 7960 2058 1 Enumerate enumerate VB 7960 2058 2 the the DT 7960 2058 3 most most RBS 7960 2058 4 important important JJ 7960 2058 5 contributions contribution NNS 7960 2058 6 to to IN 7960 2058 7 civilization civilization NN 7960 2058 8 made make VBN 7960 2058 9 in in IN 7960 2058 10 Oriental oriental JJ 7960 2058 11 antiquity antiquity NN 7960 2058 12 . . . 7960 2059 1 FOOTNOTES FOOTNOTES NNP 7960 2059 2 [ [ -LRB- 7960 2059 3 1 1 CD 7960 2059 4 ] ] -RRB- 7960 2059 5 Webster Webster NNP 7960 2059 6 , , , 7960 2059 7 _ _ NNP 7960 2059 8 Readings Readings NNP 7960 2059 9 in in IN 7960 2059 10 Ancient Ancient NNP 7960 2059 11 History History NNP 7960 2059 12 _ _ NNP 7960 2059 13 , , , 7960 2059 14 chapter chapter NN 7960 2059 15 1 1 CD 7960 2059 16 , , , 7960 2059 17 " " `` 7960 2059 18 Three three CD 7960 2059 19 Oriental Oriental NNP 7960 2059 20 Peoples Peoples NNPS 7960 2059 21 as as IN 7960 2059 22 Described describe VBN 7960 2059 23 by by IN 7960 2059 24 Herodotus Herodotus NNP 7960 2059 25 . . . 7960 2059 26 " " '' 7960 2060 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 2060 2 2 2 LS 7960 2060 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 2060 4 See see VB 7960 2060 5 page page NN 7960 2060 6 25 25 CD 7960 2060 7 . . . 7960 2061 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 2061 2 3 3 LS 7960 2061 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 2061 4 See see VB 7960 2061 5 page page NN 7960 2061 6 6 6 CD 7960 2061 7 . . . 7960 2062 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 2062 2 4 4 LS 7960 2062 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 2062 4 See see VB 7960 2062 5 page page NN 7960 2062 6 37 37 CD 7960 2062 7 . . . 7960 2063 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 2063 2 5 5 CD 7960 2063 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 2063 4 For for IN 7960 2063 5 illustrations illustration NNS 7960 2063 6 of of IN 7960 2063 7 Oriental oriental JJ 7960 2063 8 coins coin NNS 7960 2063 9 see see VBP 7960 2063 10 the the DT 7960 2063 11 plate plate NN 7960 2063 12 facing face VBG 7960 2063 13 page page NN 7960 2063 14 134 134 CD 7960 2063 15 . . . 7960 2064 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 2064 2 6 6 CD 7960 2064 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 2064 4 See see VB 7960 2064 5 page page NN 7960 2064 6 4 4 CD 7960 2064 7 . . . 7960 2065 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 2065 2 7 7 LS 7960 2065 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 2065 4 See see VB 7960 2065 5 page page NN 7960 2065 6 5 5 CD 7960 2065 7 . . . 7960 2066 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 2066 2 8 8 CD 7960 2066 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 2066 4 " " `` 7960 2066 5 Tyrian tyrian JJ 7960 2066 6 purple purple NN 7960 2066 7 " " '' 7960 2066 8 was be VBD 7960 2066 9 a a DT 7960 2066 10 dye dye NN 7960 2066 11 secured secure VBN 7960 2066 12 from from IN 7960 2066 13 a a DT 7960 2066 14 species species NN 7960 2066 15 of of IN 7960 2066 16 shellfish shellfish NNP 7960 2066 17 found find VBN 7960 2066 18 along along IN 7960 2066 19 the the DT 7960 2066 20 Phoenician phoenician JJ 7960 2066 21 coast coast NN 7960 2066 22 and and CC 7960 2066 23 in in IN 7960 2066 24 Greek greek JJ 7960 2066 25 waters water NNS 7960 2066 26 . . . 7960 2067 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 2067 2 9 9 CD 7960 2067 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 2067 4 See see UH 7960 2067 5 I -PRON- PRP 7960 2067 6 _ _ NNP 7960 2067 7 Kings Kings NNP 7960 2067 8 _ _ NNP 7960 2067 9 , , , 7960 2067 10 ix ix NNP 7960 2067 11 , , , 7960 2067 12 26 26 CD 7960 2067 13 - - SYM 7960 2067 14 28 28 CD 7960 2067 15 . . . 7960 2068 1 The the DT 7960 2068 2 site site NN 7960 2068 3 of of IN 7960 2068 4 Ophir Ophir NNP 7960 2068 5 is be VBZ 7960 2068 6 not not RB 7960 2068 7 known know VBN 7960 2068 8 , , , 7960 2068 9 though though IN 7960 2068 10 probably probably RB 7960 2068 11 it -PRON- PRP 7960 2068 12 was be VBD 7960 2068 13 in in IN 7960 2068 14 southern southern JJ 7960 2068 15 Arabia Arabia NNP 7960 2068 16 . . . 7960 2069 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 2069 2 10 10 CD 7960 2069 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 2069 4 See see VB 7960 2069 5 _ _ NNP 7960 2069 6 Ezekiel Ezekiel NNP 7960 2069 7 _ _ NNP 7960 2069 8 , , , 7960 2069 9 xxvii xxvii NN 7960 2069 10 , , , 7960 2069 11 12 12 CD 7960 2069 12 , , , 7960 2069 13 25 25 CD 7960 2069 14 . . . 7960 2070 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 2070 2 11 11 CD 7960 2070 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 2070 4 A a DT 7960 2070 5 monument monument NN 7960 2070 6 containing contain VBG 7960 2070 7 the the DT 7960 2070 8 code code NN 7960 2070 9 of of IN 7960 2070 10 Hammurabi Hammurabi NNP 7960 2070 11 was be VBD 7960 2070 12 found find VBN 7960 2070 13 on on IN 7960 2070 14 the the DT 7960 2070 15 site site NN 7960 2070 16 of of IN 7960 2070 17 Susa Susa NNP 7960 2070 18 in in IN 7960 2070 19 1901 1901 CD 7960 2070 20 - - SYM 7960 2070 21 1902 1902 CD 7960 2070 22 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 2070 23 See see VB 7960 2070 24 the the DT 7960 2070 25 illustration illustration NN 7960 2070 26 , , , 7960 2070 27 page page NN 7960 2070 28 25 25 CD 7960 2070 29 . . . 7960 2071 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 2071 2 12 12 CD 7960 2071 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 2071 4 Chaldea Chaldea NNP 7960 2071 5 was be VBD 7960 2071 6 another another DT 7960 2071 7 name name NN 7960 2071 8 for for IN 7960 2071 9 Babylonia Babylonia NNP 7960 2071 10 . . . 7960 2072 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 2072 2 13 13 CD 7960 2072 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 2072 4 See see VB 7960 2072 5 page page NN 7960 2072 6 148 148 CD 7960 2072 7 . . . 7960 2073 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 2073 2 14 14 CD 7960 2073 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 2073 4 The the DT 7960 2073 5 names name NNS 7960 2073 6 of of IN 7960 2073 7 four four CD 7960 2073 8 other other JJ 7960 2073 9 week week NN 7960 2073 10 days day NNS 7960 2073 11 come come VBP 7960 2073 12 from from IN 7960 2073 13 the the DT 7960 2073 14 names name NNS 7960 2073 15 of of IN 7960 2073 16 old old JJ 7960 2073 17 Teutonic teutonic JJ 7960 2073 18 deities deity NNS 7960 2073 19 . . . 7960 2074 1 Tuesday Tuesday NNP 7960 2074 2 is be VBZ 7960 2074 3 the the DT 7960 2074 4 day day NN 7960 2074 5 of of IN 7960 2074 6 Tyr Tyr NNP 7960 2074 7 , , , 7960 2074 8 Wednesday Wednesday NNP 7960 2074 9 of of IN 7960 2074 10 Woden Woden NNP 7960 2074 11 ( ( -LRB- 7960 2074 12 Odin Odin NNP 7960 2074 13 ) ) -RRB- 7960 2074 14 , , , 7960 2074 15 Thursday Thursday NNP 7960 2074 16 of of IN 7960 2074 17 Thunor Thunor NNP 7960 2074 18 ( ( -LRB- 7960 2074 19 Thor Thor NNP 7960 2074 20 ) ) -RRB- 7960 2074 21 , , , 7960 2074 22 and and CC 7960 2074 23 Friday Friday NNP 7960 2074 24 of of IN 7960 2074 25 the the DT 7960 2074 26 goddess goddess NN 7960 2074 27 Frigga Frigga NNP 7960 2074 28 . . . 7960 2075 1 See see VB 7960 2075 2 page page NN 7960 2075 3 304 304 CD 7960 2075 4 . . . 7960 2076 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 2076 2 15 15 CD 7960 2076 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 2076 4 Zoroastrians Zoroastrians NNPS 7960 2076 5 are be VBP 7960 2076 6 still still RB 7960 2076 7 to to TO 7960 2076 8 be be VB 7960 2076 9 found find VBN 7960 2076 10 in in IN 7960 2076 11 the the DT 7960 2076 12 East East NNP 7960 2076 13 In in IN 7960 2076 14 Persia Persia NNP 7960 2076 15 , , , 7960 2076 16 now now RB 7960 2076 17 a a DT 7960 2076 18 Mohammedan Mohammedan NNP 7960 2076 19 country country NN 7960 2076 20 , , , 7960 2076 21 there there EX 7960 2076 22 is be VBZ 7960 2076 23 a a DT 7960 2076 24 little little JJ 7960 2076 25 band band NN 7960 2076 26 of of IN 7960 2076 27 devoted devote VBN 7960 2076 28 followers follower NNS 7960 2076 29 of of IN 7960 2076 30 Zoroaster Zoroaster NNP 7960 2076 31 , , , 7960 2076 32 who who WP 7960 2076 33 keep keep VBP 7960 2076 34 up up RP 7960 2076 35 to to IN 7960 2076 36 this this DT 7960 2076 37 day day NN 7960 2076 38 the the DT 7960 2076 39 tenets tenet NNS 7960 2076 40 of of IN 7960 2076 41 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 2076 42 ancient ancient JJ 7960 2076 43 faith faith NN 7960 2076 44 . . . 7960 2077 1 In in IN 7960 2077 2 India India NNP 7960 2077 3 the the DT 7960 2077 4 Parsees Parsees NNPS 7960 2077 5 of of IN 7960 2077 6 Bombay Bombay NNP 7960 2077 7 are be VBP 7960 2077 8 the the DT 7960 2077 9 descendants descendant NNS 7960 2077 10 of of IN 7960 2077 11 those those DT 7960 2077 12 Persians Persians NNPS 7960 2077 13 who who WP 7960 2077 14 fled flee VBD 7960 2077 15 from from IN 7960 2077 16 Persia Persia NNP 7960 2077 17 at at IN 7960 2077 18 the the DT 7960 2077 19 time time NN 7960 2077 20 of of IN 7960 2077 21 the the DT 7960 2077 22 Mohammedan Mohammedan NNP 7960 2077 23 conquest conquest NN 7960 2077 24 ( ( -LRB- 7960 2077 25 page page NN 7960 2077 26 376 376 CD 7960 2077 27 ) ) -RRB- 7960 2077 28 , , , 7960 2077 29 rather rather RB 7960 2077 30 than than IN 7960 2077 31 surrender surrender VB 7960 2077 32 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 2077 33 cherished cherish VBN 7960 2077 34 beliefs belief NNS 7960 2077 35 and and CC 7960 2077 36 embrace embrace VB 7960 2077 37 a a DT 7960 2077 38 new new JJ 7960 2077 39 religion religion NN 7960 2077 40 . . . 7960 2078 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 2078 2 16 16 CD 7960 2078 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 2078 4 _ _ NNP 7960 2078 5 Job Job NNP 7960 2078 6 _ _ NNP 7960 2078 7 , , , 7960 2078 8 X X NNP 7960 2078 9 , , , 7960 2078 10 21 21 CD 7960 2078 11 . . . 7960 2079 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 2079 2 17 17 CD 7960 2079 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 2079 4 See see VB 7960 2079 5 page page NN 7960 2079 6 28 28 CD 7960 2079 7 . . . 7960 2080 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 2080 2 18 18 CD 7960 2080 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 2080 4 See see VB 7960 2080 5 the the DT 7960 2080 6 illustrations illustration NNS 7960 2080 7 , , , 7960 2080 8 pages page NNS 7960 2080 9 27 27 CD 7960 2080 10 , , , 7960 2080 11 54 54 CD 7960 2080 12 , , , 7960 2080 13 58 58 CD 7960 2080 14 , , , 7960 2080 15 63 63 CD 7960 2080 16 . . . 7960 2081 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 2081 2 19 19 CD 7960 2081 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 2081 4 See see VB 7960 2081 5 page page NN 7960 2081 6 13 13 CD 7960 2081 7 . . . 7960 2082 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 2082 2 20 20 CD 7960 2082 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 2082 4 See see VB 7960 2082 5 page page NN 7960 2082 6 186 186 CD 7960 2082 7 , , , 7960 2082 8 note note VBP 7960 2082 9 2 2 CD 7960 2082 10 . . . 7960 2083 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 2083 2 21 21 CD 7960 2083 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 2083 4 See see VB 7960 2083 5 page page NN 7960 2083 6 48 48 CD 7960 2083 7 . . . 7960 2084 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 2084 2 22 22 CD 7960 2084 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 2084 4 See see VB 7960 2084 5 the the DT 7960 2084 6 illustration illustration NN 7960 2084 7 , , , 7960 2084 8 page page NN 7960 2084 9 46 46 CD 7960 2084 10 . . . 7960 2085 1 CHAPTER CHAPTER NNP 7960 2085 2 IV IV NNP 7960 2085 3 THE the DT 7960 2085 4 LANDS LANDS NNP 7960 2085 5 OF of IN 7960 2085 6 THE the DT 7960 2085 7 WEST west NN 7960 2085 8 AND and CC 7960 2085 9 THE the DT 7960 2085 10 RISE RISE NNP 7960 2085 11 OF of IN 7960 2085 12 GREECE GREECE NNS 7960 2085 13 TO to IN 7960 2085 14 ABOUT about RB 7960 2085 15 500 500 CD 7960 2085 16 B.C. B.C. NNS 7960 2086 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 2086 2 1 1 CD 7960 2086 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 2086 4 20 20 CD 7960 2086 5 . . . 7960 2087 1 PHYSICAL PHYSICAL NNP 7960 2087 2 EUROPE EUROPE NNP 7960 2087 3 EUROPE EUROPE NNP 7960 2087 4 A a DT 7960 2087 5 PENINSULA peninsula NN 7960 2087 6 OF of IN 7960 2087 7 ASIA asia NN 7960 2087 8 The the DT 7960 2087 9 continent continent NN 7960 2087 10 of of IN 7960 2087 11 Asia Asia NNP 7960 2087 12 , , , 7960 2087 13 projecting project VBG 7960 2087 14 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 2087 15 huge huge JJ 7960 2087 16 bulk bulk JJ 7960 2087 17 southwestward southwestward NN 7960 2087 18 between between IN 7960 2087 19 the the DT 7960 2087 20 seas sea NNS 7960 2087 21 , , , 7960 2087 22 gradually gradually RB 7960 2087 23 narrows narrow VBZ 7960 2087 24 into into IN 7960 2087 25 the the DT 7960 2087 26 smaller small JJR 7960 2087 27 continent continent NN 7960 2087 28 of of IN 7960 2087 29 Europe Europe NNP 7960 2087 30 . . . 7960 2088 1 The the DT 7960 2088 2 boundary boundary NN 7960 2088 3 between between IN 7960 2088 4 the the DT 7960 2088 5 two two CD 7960 2088 6 regions region NNS 7960 2088 7 is be VBZ 7960 2088 8 not not RB 7960 2088 9 well well RB 7960 2088 10 defined define VBN 7960 2088 11 . . . 7960 2089 1 Ancient ancient JJ 7960 2089 2 geographers geographer NNS 7960 2089 3 found find VBD 7960 2089 4 a a DT 7960 2089 5 convenient convenient JJ 7960 2089 6 dividing divide VBG 7960 2089 7 line line NN 7960 2089 8 north north NN 7960 2089 9 of of IN 7960 2089 10 the the DT 7960 2089 11 Black Black NNP 7960 2089 12 Sea Sea NNP 7960 2089 13 in in IN 7960 2089 14 the the DT 7960 2089 15 course course NN 7960 2089 16 of of IN 7960 2089 17 the the DT 7960 2089 18 river river NN 7960 2089 19 Don Don NNP 7960 2089 20 . . . 7960 2090 1 Modern modern JJ 7960 2090 2 map map NN 7960 2090 3 makers maker NNS 7960 2090 4 usually usually RB 7960 2090 5 place place VBP 7960 2090 6 the the DT 7960 2090 7 division division NN 7960 2090 8 at at IN 7960 2090 9 the the DT 7960 2090 10 Ural Ural NNP 7960 2090 11 Mountains Mountains NNPS 7960 2090 12 , , , 7960 2090 13 the the DT 7960 2090 14 Caspian Caspian NNP 7960 2090 15 Sea Sea NNP 7960 2090 16 , , , 7960 2090 17 and and CC 7960 2090 18 the the DT 7960 2090 19 Caucasus Caucasus NNP 7960 2090 20 . . . 7960 2091 1 Each each DT 7960 2091 2 of of IN 7960 2091 3 these these DT 7960 2091 4 boundaries boundary NNS 7960 2091 5 is be VBZ 7960 2091 6 more more RBR 7960 2091 7 or or CC 7960 2091 8 less less RBR 7960 2091 9 arbitrary arbitrary JJ 7960 2091 10 . . . 7960 2092 1 In in IN 7960 2092 2 a a DT 7960 2092 3 geographical geographical JJ 7960 2092 4 sense sense NN 7960 2092 5 Europe Europe NNP 7960 2092 6 is be VBZ 7960 2092 7 only only RB 7960 2092 8 the the DT 7960 2092 9 largest large JJS 7960 2092 10 of of IN 7960 2092 11 the the DT 7960 2092 12 great great JJ 7960 2092 13 Asiatic asiatic JJ 7960 2092 14 peninsulas peninsulas NN 7960 2092 15 . . . 7960 2093 1 PHYSICAL PHYSICAL NNS 7960 2093 2 FEATURES FEATURES NNP 7960 2093 3 OF of IN 7960 2093 4 EUROPE EUROPE NNP 7960 2093 5 But but CC 7960 2093 6 in in IN 7960 2093 7 physical physical JJ 7960 2093 8 features feature NNS 7960 2093 9 the the DT 7960 2093 10 two two CD 7960 2093 11 continents continent NNS 7960 2093 12 disclose disclose VBP 7960 2093 13 the the DT 7960 2093 14 most most RBS 7960 2093 15 striking striking JJ 7960 2093 16 contrasts contrast NNS 7960 2093 17 . . . 7960 2094 1 The the DT 7960 2094 2 sea sea NN 7960 2094 3 , , , 7960 2094 4 which which WDT 7960 2094 5 washes wash VBZ 7960 2094 6 only only RB 7960 2094 7 the the DT 7960 2094 8 remote remote JJ 7960 2094 9 edges edge NNS 7960 2094 10 of of IN 7960 2094 11 Asia Asia NNP 7960 2094 12 , , , 7960 2094 13 penetrates penetrate NNS 7960 2094 14 deeply deeply RB 7960 2094 15 into into IN 7960 2094 16 Europe Europe NNP 7960 2094 17 and and CC 7960 2094 18 forms form VBZ 7960 2094 19 an an DT 7960 2094 20 extremely extremely RB 7960 2094 21 irregular irregular JJ 7960 2094 22 coast coast NN 7960 2094 23 line line NN 7960 2094 24 with with IN 7960 2094 25 numerous numerous JJ 7960 2094 26 bays bay NNS 7960 2094 27 and and CC 7960 2094 28 harbors harbor NNS 7960 2094 29 . . . 7960 2095 1 The the DT 7960 2095 2 mountains mountain NNS 7960 2095 3 of of IN 7960 2095 4 Europe Europe NNP 7960 2095 5 , , , 7960 2095 6 seldom seldom RB 7960 2095 7 very very RB 7960 2095 8 high high JJ 7960 2095 9 and and CC 7960 2095 10 provided provide VBN 7960 2095 11 with with IN 7960 2095 12 easy easy JJ 7960 2095 13 passes pass NNS 7960 2095 14 , , , 7960 2095 15 present present VB 7960 2095 16 no no DT 7960 2095 17 such such JJ 7960 2095 18 barriers barrier NNS 7960 2095 19 to to TO 7960 2095 20 intercourse intercourse VB 7960 2095 21 as as IN 7960 2095 22 the the DT 7960 2095 23 mightier mighty JJR 7960 2095 24 ranges range VBZ 7960 2095 25 of of IN 7960 2095 26 Asia Asia NNP 7960 2095 27 . . . 7960 2096 1 We -PRON- PRP 7960 2096 2 miss miss VBP 7960 2096 3 in in IN 7960 2096 4 Europe Europe NNP 7960 2096 5 the the DT 7960 2096 6 extensive extensive JJ 7960 2096 7 deserts desert NNS 7960 2096 8 and and CC 7960 2096 9 barren barren JJ 7960 2096 10 table table NN 7960 2096 11 - - HYPH 7960 2096 12 lands land NNS 7960 2096 13 which which WDT 7960 2096 14 form form VBP 7960 2096 15 such such PDT 7960 2096 16 a a DT 7960 2096 17 feature feature NN 7960 2096 18 of of IN 7960 2096 19 Asiatic asiatic JJ 7960 2096 20 geography geography NN 7960 2096 21 . . . 7960 2097 1 With with IN 7960 2097 2 the the DT 7960 2097 3 exception exception NN 7960 2097 4 of of IN 7960 2097 5 Russia Russia NNP 7960 2097 6 the the DT 7960 2097 7 surface surface NN 7960 2097 8 , , , 7960 2097 9 generally generally RB 7960 2097 10 , , , 7960 2097 11 is be VBZ 7960 2097 12 distributed distribute VBN 7960 2097 13 into into IN 7960 2097 14 plains plain NNS 7960 2097 15 , , , 7960 2097 16 hills hill NNS 7960 2097 17 , , , 7960 2097 18 and and CC 7960 2097 19 valleys valley NNS 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2099 1 CENTRAL CENTRAL NNP 7960 2099 2 AND and CC 7960 2099 3 NORTHERN NORTHERN NNP 7960 2099 4 EUROPE EUROPE NNP 7960 2099 5 The the DT 7960 2099 6 almost almost RB 7960 2099 7 unbroken unbroken JJ 7960 2099 8 mountain mountain NN 7960 2099 9 chain chain NN 7960 2099 10 formed form VBN 7960 2099 11 by by IN 7960 2099 12 the the DT 7960 2099 13 Pyrenees Pyrenees NNPS 7960 2099 14 , , , 7960 2099 15 the the DT 7960 2099 16 Alps Alps NNPS 7960 2099 17 , , , 7960 2099 18 and and CC 7960 2099 19 the the DT 7960 2099 20 Balkans Balkans NNPS 7960 2099 21 , , , 7960 2099 22 sharply sharply RB 7960 2099 23 separates separate VBZ 7960 2099 24 the the DT 7960 2099 25 central central JJ 7960 2099 26 land land NN 7960 2099 27 mass mass NN 7960 2099 28 of of IN 7960 2099 29 Europe Europe NNP 7960 2099 30 from from IN 7960 2099 31 the the DT 7960 2099 32 regions region NNS 7960 2099 33 to to IN 7960 2099 34 the the DT 7960 2099 35 south south NN 7960 2099 36 . . . 7960 2100 1 Central Central NNP 7960 2100 2 Europe Europe NNP 7960 2100 3 consists consist VBZ 7960 2100 4 , , , 7960 2100 5 in in IN 7960 2100 6 general general JJ 7960 2100 7 , , , 7960 2100 8 of of IN 7960 2100 9 lowlands lowland NNS 7960 2100 10 , , , 7960 2100 11 which which WDT 7960 2100 12 widen widen VBP 7960 2100 13 eastward eastward RB 7960 2100 14 into into IN 7960 2100 15 the the DT 7960 2100 16 vast vast JJ 7960 2100 17 Russian russian JJ 7960 2100 18 plain plain NN 7960 2100 19 . . . 7960 2101 1 Northern Northern NNP 7960 2101 2 Europe Europe NNP 7960 2101 3 includes include VBZ 7960 2101 4 the the DT 7960 2101 5 British British NNP 7960 2101 6 Isles Isles NNPS 7960 2101 7 , , , 7960 2101 8 physically physically RB 7960 2101 9 an an DT 7960 2101 10 extension extension NN 7960 2101 11 of of IN 7960 2101 12 Europe Europe NNP 7960 2101 13 , , , 7960 2101 14 and and CC 7960 2101 15 the the DT 7960 2101 16 peninsulas peninsula NNS 7960 2101 17 of of IN 7960 2101 18 Scandinavia Scandinavia NNP 7960 2101 19 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inhabit VBD 7960 2103 5 it -PRON- PRP 7960 2103 6 -- -- : 7960 2103 7 Celts celt NNS 7960 2103 8 in in IN 7960 2103 9 the the DT 7960 2103 10 west west NN 7960 2103 11 , , , 7960 2103 12 Teutons Teutons NNPS 7960 2103 13 or or CC 7960 2103 14 Germans Germans NNPS 7960 2103 15 in in IN 7960 2103 16 the the DT 7960 2103 17 north north NN 7960 2103 18 , , , 7960 2103 19 Slavs Slavs NNP 7960 2103 20 in in IN 7960 2103 21 the the DT 7960 2103 22 east east JJ 7960 2103 23 --were --were JJ 7960 2103 24 men man NNS 7960 2103 25 of of IN 7960 2103 26 Indo indo JJ 7960 2103 27 - - HYPH 7960 2103 28 European european JJ 7960 2103 29 [ [ -LRB- 7960 2103 30 2 2 CD 7960 2103 31 ] ] -RRB- 7960 2103 32 race race NN 7960 2103 33 and and CC 7960 2103 34 speech speech NN 7960 2103 35 . . . 7960 2104 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 2104 2 were be VBD 7960 2104 3 still still RB 7960 2104 4 barbarians barbarian NNS 7960 2104 5 . . . 7960 2105 1 During during IN 7960 2105 2 ancient ancient JJ 7960 2105 3 times time NNS 7960 2105 4 we -PRON- PRP 7960 2105 5 hear hear VBP 7960 2105 6 little little JJ 7960 2105 7 of of IN 7960 2105 8 them -PRON- PRP 7960 2105 9 , , , 7960 2105 10 except except IN 7960 2105 11 as as IN 7960 2105 12 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 2105 13 occasional occasional JJ 7960 2105 14 migrations migration NNS 7960 2105 15 southward southward RB 7960 2105 16 brought bring VBD 7960 2105 17 them -PRON- PRP 7960 2105 18 into into IN 7960 2105 19 contact contact NN 7960 2105 20 with with IN 7960 2105 21 the the DT 7960 2105 22 Greeks Greeks NNPS 7960 2105 23 and and CC 7960 2105 24 the the DT 7960 2105 25 Romans Romans NNPS 7960 2105 26 . . . 7960 2106 1 SOUTHERN SOUTHERN NNP 7960 2106 2 EUROPE EUROPE NNP 7960 2106 3 Southern Southern NNP 7960 2106 4 Europe Europe NNP 7960 2106 5 comprises comprise VBZ 7960 2106 6 the the DT 7960 2106 7 three three CD 7960 2106 8 peninsulas peninsula NNS 7960 2106 9 of of IN 7960 2106 10 Spain Spain NNP 7960 2106 11 , , , 7960 2106 12 Italy Italy NNP 7960 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an an DT 7960 2110 12 almost almost RB 7960 2110 13 landlocked landlocked JJ 7960 2110 14 body body NN 7960 2110 15 of of IN 7960 2110 16 water water NN 7960 2110 17 . . . 7960 2111 1 The the DT 7960 2111 2 Balkan Balkan NNP 7960 2111 3 peninsula peninsula NN 7960 2111 4 , , , 7960 2111 5 narrowing narrow VBG 7960 2111 6 toward toward IN 7960 2111 7 the the DT 7960 2111 8 Mediterranean Mediterranean NNP 7960 2111 9 into into IN 7960 2111 10 the the DT 7960 2111 11 smaller small JJR 7960 2111 12 peninsula peninsula NN 7960 2111 13 of of IN 7960 2111 14 Greece Greece NNP 7960 2111 15 , , , 7960 2111 16 confines confine VBZ 7960 2111 17 it -PRON- PRP 7960 2111 18 on on IN 7960 2111 19 the the DT 7960 2111 20 west west NN 7960 2111 21 . . . 7960 2112 1 On on IN 7960 2112 2 the the DT 7960 2112 3 east east NN 7960 2112 4 it -PRON- PRP 7960 2112 5 meets meet VBZ 7960 2112 6 a a DT 7960 2112 7 boundary boundary NN 7960 2112 8 in in IN 7960 2112 9 Asia Asia NNP 7960 2112 10 Minor Minor NNP 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interior interior NN 7960 2118 10 the the DT 7960 2118 11 impetuous impetuous JJ 7960 2118 12 sea sea NN 7960 2118 13 has have VBZ 7960 2118 14 everywhere everywhere RB 7960 2118 15 forced force VBN 7960 2118 16 a a DT 7960 2118 17 channel channel NN 7960 2118 18 . . . 7960 2119 1 The the DT 7960 2119 2 coast coast NN 7960 2119 3 line line NN 7960 2119 4 , , , 7960 2119 5 accordingly accordingly RB 7960 2119 6 , , , 7960 2119 7 is be VBZ 7960 2119 8 most most RBS 7960 2119 9 irregular irregular JJ 7960 2119 10 -- -- : 7960 2119 11 a a DT 7960 2119 12 constant constant JJ 7960 2119 13 succession succession NN 7960 2119 14 of of IN 7960 2119 15 sharp sharp JJ 7960 2119 16 promontories promontory NNS 7960 2119 17 and and CC 7960 2119 18 curving curve VBG 7960 2119 19 bays bay NNS 7960 2119 20 . . . 7960 2120 1 The the DT 7960 2120 2 mountains mountain NNS 7960 2120 3 , , , 7960 2120 4 crossing cross VBG 7960 2120 5 the the DT 7960 2120 6 peninsula peninsula NN 7960 2120 7 in in IN 7960 2120 8 confused confused JJ 7960 2120 9 masses masse NNS 7960 2120 10 , , , 7960 2120 11 break break VB 7960 2120 12 it -PRON- PRP 7960 2120 13 up up RP 7960 2120 14 into into IN 7960 2120 15 numberless numberless JJ 7960 2120 16 valleys valley NNS 7960 2120 17 and and CC 7960 2120 18 glens glen NNS 7960 2120 19 which which WDT 7960 2120 20 seldom seldom RB 7960 2120 21 widen widen VBP 7960 2120 22 into into IN 7960 2120 23 plains plain NNS 7960 2120 24 . . . 7960 2121 1 The the DT 7960 2121 2 rivers river NNS 7960 2121 3 are be VBP 7960 2121 4 not not RB 7960 2121 5 navigable navigable JJ 7960 2121 6 . . . 7960 2122 1 The the DT 7960 2122 2 few few JJ 7960 2122 3 lakes lake NNS 7960 2122 4 , , , 7960 2122 5 hemmed hem VBN 7960 2122 6 in in RP 7960 2122 7 by by IN 7960 2122 8 the the DT 7960 2122 9 hills hill NNS 7960 2122 10 , , , 7960 2122 11 have have VBP 7960 2122 12 no no DT 7960 2122 13 outlets outlet NNS 7960 2122 14 except except IN 7960 2122 15 in in IN 7960 2122 16 underground underground JJ 7960 2122 17 channels channel NNS 7960 2122 18 . . . 7960 2123 1 In in IN 7960 2123 2 this this DT 7960 2123 3 land land NN 7960 2123 4 of of IN 7960 2123 5 the the DT 7960 2123 6 Greeks Greeks NNPS 7960 2123 7 no no DT 7960 2123 8 place place NN 7960 2123 9 is be VBZ 7960 2123 10 more more JJR 7960 2123 11 than than IN 7960 2123 12 fifty fifty CD 7960 2123 13 miles mile NNS 7960 2123 14 from from IN 7960 2123 15 a a DT 7960 2123 16 mountain mountain NN 7960 2123 17 range range NN 7960 2123 18 , , , 7960 2123 19 or or CC 7960 2123 20 more more JJR 7960 2123 21 than than IN 7960 2123 22 forty forty CD 7960 2123 23 miles mile NNS 7960 2123 24 from from IN 7960 2123 25 some some DT 7960 2123 26 long long JJ 7960 2123 27 arm arm NN 7960 2123 28 of of IN 7960 2123 29 the the DT 7960 2123 30 Mediterranean Mediterranean NNP 7960 2123 31 . . . 7960 2124 1 THE the DT 7960 2124 2 AEGEAN AEGEAN NNP 7960 2124 3 ISLANDS island NNS 7960 2124 4 From from IN 7960 2124 5 the the DT 7960 2124 6 Greek greek JJ 7960 2124 7 mainland mainland NN 7960 2124 8 to to IN 7960 2124 9 the the DT 7960 2124 10 coast coast NN 7960 2124 11 of of IN 7960 2124 12 Asia Asia NNP 7960 2124 13 Minor Minor NNP 7960 2124 14 the the DT 7960 2124 15 traveler traveler NN 7960 2124 16 follows follow VBZ 7960 2124 17 a a DT 7960 2124 18 route route NN 7960 2124 19 thickly thickly RB 7960 2124 20 studded stud VBN 7960 2124 21 with with IN 7960 2124 22 rocky rocky JJ 7960 2124 23 islands island NNS 7960 2124 24 . . . 7960 2125 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 2125 2 are be VBP 7960 2125 3 near near IN 7960 2125 4 enough enough RB 7960 2125 5 together together RB 7960 2125 6 to to TO 7960 2125 7 permit permit VB 7960 2125 8 the the DT 7960 2125 9 passage passage NN 7960 2125 10 from from IN 7960 2125 11 one one CD 7960 2125 12 to to IN 7960 2125 13 another another DT 7960 2125 14 without without IN 7960 2125 15 losing lose VBG 7960 2125 16 sight sight NN 7960 2125 17 of of IN 7960 2125 18 land land NN 7960 2125 19 . . . 7960 2126 1 The the DT 7960 2126 2 Aegean aegean JJ 7960 2126 3 islands island NNS 7960 2126 4 thus thus RB 7960 2126 5 served serve VBD 7960 2126 6 as as IN 7960 2126 7 " " `` 7960 2126 8 stepping step VBG 7960 2126 9 - - HYPH 7960 2126 10 stones stone NNS 7960 2126 11 " " '' 7960 2126 12 between between IN 7960 2126 13 Greece Greece NNP 7960 2126 14 and and CC 7960 2126 15 Asia Asia NNP 7960 2126 16 Minor Minor NNP 7960 2126 17 . . . 7960 2127 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 2127 2 3 3 LS 7960 2127 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 2127 4 WESTERN WESTERN NNP 7960 2127 5 ASIA ASIA NNP 7960 2127 6 MINOR minor JJ 7960 2127 7 Western Western NNP 7960 2127 8 Asia Asia NNP 7960 2127 9 Minor Minor NNP 7960 2127 10 resembles resemble VBZ 7960 2127 11 Continental Continental NNP 7960 2127 12 Greece Greece NNP 7960 2127 13 in in IN 7960 2127 14 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 2127 15 deeply deeply RB 7960 2127 16 indented indented JJ 7960 2127 17 coast coast NN 7960 2127 18 , , , 7960 2127 19 variety variety NN 7960 2127 20 of of IN 7960 2127 21 scenery scenery NN 7960 2127 22 , , , 7960 2127 23 and and CC 7960 2127 24 mild mild JJ 7960 2127 25 climate climate NN 7960 2127 26 . . . 7960 2128 1 The the DT 7960 2128 2 fertile fertile JJ 7960 2128 3 river river NN 7960 2128 4 valleys valley NNS 7960 2128 5 of of IN 7960 2128 6 this this DT 7960 2128 7 region region NN 7960 2128 8 early early RB 7960 2128 9 attracted attract VBD 7960 2128 10 Greek greek JJ 7960 2128 11 colonists colonist NNS 7960 2128 12 . . . 7960 2129 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 2129 2 built build VBD 7960 2129 3 here here RB 7960 2129 4 many many JJ 7960 2129 5 flourishing flourishing JJ 7960 2129 6 cities city NNS 7960 2129 7 , , , 7960 2129 8 especially especially RB 7960 2129 9 along along IN 7960 2129 10 the the DT 7960 2129 11 central central JJ 7960 2129 12 coast coast NN 7960 2129 13 , , , 7960 2129 14 which which WDT 7960 2129 15 came come VBD 7960 2129 16 to to TO 7960 2129 17 be be VB 7960 2129 18 known know VBN 7960 2129 19 as as IN 7960 2129 20 Ionia Ionia NNP 7960 2129 21 . . . 7960 2130 1 INFLUENCE influence NN 7960 2130 2 OF of IN 7960 2130 3 GEOGRAPHICAL geographical NN 7960 2130 4 CONDITIONS conditions NN 7960 2130 5 Greek greek JJ 7960 2130 6 history history NN 7960 2130 7 well well RB 7960 2130 8 illustrates illustrate VBZ 7960 2130 9 the the DT 7960 2130 10 influence influence NN 7960 2130 11 of of IN 7960 2130 12 geographical geographical JJ 7960 2130 13 conditions condition NNS 7960 2130 14 on on IN 7960 2130 15 the the DT 7960 2130 16 life life NN 7960 2130 17 of of IN 7960 2130 18 a a DT 7960 2130 19 people people NNS 7960 2130 20 . . . 7960 2131 1 In in IN 7960 2131 2 the the DT 7960 2131 3 first first JJ 7960 2131 4 place place NN 7960 2131 5 , , , 7960 2131 6 mountain mountain NN 7960 2131 7 ranges range NNS 7960 2131 8 cut cut VBN 7960 2131 9 up up RP 7960 2131 10 Continental Continental NNP 7960 2131 11 Greece Greece NNP 7960 2131 12 into into IN 7960 2131 13 many many JJ 7960 2131 14 small small JJ 7960 2131 15 states state NNS 7960 2131 16 , , , 7960 2131 17 separated separate VBD 7960 2131 18 from from IN 7960 2131 19 one one CD 7960 2131 20 another another DT 7960 2131 21 by by IN 7960 2131 22 natural natural JJ 7960 2131 23 ramparts rampart NNS 7960 2131 24 . . . 7960 2132 1 Hence hence RB 7960 2132 2 the the DT 7960 2132 3 Greeks Greeks NNPS 7960 2132 4 loved love VBD 7960 2132 5 most most JJS 7960 2132 6 of of IN 7960 2132 7 all all DT 7960 2132 8 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 2132 9 own own JJ 7960 2132 10 local local JJ 7960 2132 11 independence independence NN 7960 2132 12 and and CC 7960 2132 13 always always RB 7960 2132 14 refused refuse VBD 7960 2132 15 to to TO 7960 2132 16 unite unite VB 7960 2132 17 into into IN 7960 2132 18 one one CD 7960 2132 19 nation nation NN 7960 2132 20 under under IN 7960 2132 21 a a DT 7960 2132 22 single single JJ 7960 2132 23 government government NN 7960 2132 24 . . . 7960 2133 1 In in IN 7960 2133 2 the the DT 7960 2133 3 second second JJ 7960 2133 4 place place NN 7960 2133 5 , , , 7960 2133 6 the the DT 7960 2133 7 near near JJ 7960 2133 8 presence presence NN 7960 2133 9 of of IN 7960 2133 10 the the DT 7960 2133 11 sea sea NN 7960 2133 12 made make VBD 7960 2133 13 sailors sailor NNS 7960 2133 14 of of IN 7960 2133 15 the the DT 7960 2133 16 Greeks Greeks NNPS 7960 2133 17 and and CC 7960 2133 18 led lead VBD 7960 2133 19 them -PRON- PRP 7960 2133 20 to to TO 7960 2133 21 devote devote VB 7960 2133 22 much much JJ 7960 2133 23 energy energy NN 7960 2133 24 to to IN 7960 2133 25 foreign foreign JJ 7960 2133 26 commerce commerce NN 7960 2133 27 . . . 7960 2134 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 2134 2 early early RB 7960 2134 3 felt feel VBD 7960 2134 4 , , , 7960 2134 5 in in IN 7960 2134 6 consequence consequence NNP 7960 2134 7 , , , 7960 2134 8 the the DT 7960 2134 9 stimulating stimulating JJ 7960 2134 10 effects effect NNS 7960 2134 11 of of IN 7960 2134 12 intercourse intercourse NN 7960 2134 13 with with IN 7960 2134 14 other other JJ 7960 2134 15 peoples people NNS 7960 2134 16 . . . 7960 2135 1 Finally finally RB 7960 2135 2 , , , 7960 2135 3 the the DT 7960 2135 4 location location NN 7960 2135 5 of of IN 7960 2135 6 Greece Greece NNP 7960 2135 7 at at IN 7960 2135 8 the the DT 7960 2135 9 threshold threshold NN 7960 2135 10 of of IN 7960 2135 11 Asia Asia NNP 7960 2135 12 , , , 7960 2135 13 with with IN 7960 2135 14 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 2135 15 best good JJS 7960 2135 16 harbors harbor NNS 7960 2135 17 and and CC 7960 2135 18 most most RBS 7960 2135 19 numerous numerous JJ 7960 2135 20 islands island NNS 7960 2135 21 on on IN 7960 2135 22 the the DT 7960 2135 23 eastern eastern NNP 7960 2135 24 coast coast NNP 7960 2135 25 , , , 7960 2135 26 enabled enable VBD 7960 2135 27 the the DT 7960 2135 28 country country NN 7960 2135 29 to to TO 7960 2135 30 receive receive VB 7960 2135 31 and and CC 7960 2135 32 profit profit VB 7960 2135 33 by by IN 7960 2135 34 all all PDT 7960 2135 35 the the DT 7960 2135 36 culture culture NN 7960 2135 37 of of IN 7960 2135 38 the the DT 7960 2135 39 Orient Orient NNP 7960 2135 40 . . . 7960 2136 1 Greece Greece NNP 7960 2136 2 faced face VBD 7960 2136 3 the the DT 7960 2136 4 civilized civilized JJ 7960 2136 5 East East NNP 7960 2136 6 . . . 7960 2137 1 22 22 CD 7960 2137 2 . . . 7960 2138 1 THE the DT 7960 2138 2 AEGEAN AEGEAN NNP 7960 2138 3 AGE age NN 7960 2138 4 ( ( -LRB- 7960 2138 5 TO to IN 7960 2138 6 ABOUT about RB 7960 2138 7 1100 1100 CD 7960 2138 8 B.C. B.C. NNP 7960 2138 9 ) ) -RRB- 7960 2139 1 A a DT 7960 2139 2 PREHISTORIC PREHISTORIC NNP 7960 2139 3 CIVILIZATION CIVILIZATION VBN 7960 2139 4 The the DT 7960 2139 5 Greeks Greeks NNPS 7960 2139 6 of of IN 7960 2139 7 historic historic JJ 7960 2139 8 times time NNS 7960 2139 9 knew know VBD 7960 2139 10 very very RB 7960 2139 11 little little JJ 7960 2139 12 about about IN 7960 2139 13 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 2139 14 prehistoric prehistoric JJ 7960 2139 15 period period NN 7960 2139 16 . . . 7960 2140 1 Instead instead RB 7960 2140 2 of of IN 7960 2140 3 accurate accurate JJ 7960 2140 4 knowledge knowledge NN 7960 2140 5 they -PRON- PRP 7960 2140 6 had have VBD 7960 2140 7 only only RB 7960 2140 8 the the DT 7960 2140 9 beautiful beautiful JJ 7960 2140 10 legends legend NNS 7960 2140 11 preserved preserve VBN 7960 2140 12 in in IN 7960 2140 13 ancient ancient JJ 7960 2140 14 poems poem NNS 7960 2140 15 , , , 7960 2140 16 such such JJ 7960 2140 17 as as IN 7960 2140 18 the the DT 7960 2140 19 _ _ NNP 7960 2140 20 Iliad Iliad NNP 7960 2140 21 _ _ NNP 7960 2140 22 and and CC 7960 2140 23 the the DT 7960 2140 24 _ _ NNP 7960 2140 25 Odyssey Odyssey NNP 7960 2140 26 _ _ NNP 7960 2140 27 . . . 7960 2141 1 Within within IN 7960 2141 2 our -PRON- PRP$ 7960 2141 3 own own JJ 7960 2141 4 day day NN 7960 2141 5 , , , 7960 2141 6 however however RB 7960 2141 7 , , , 7960 2141 8 remarkable remarkable JJ 7960 2141 9 excavations excavation NNS 7960 2141 10 have have VBP 7960 2141 11 disclosed disclose VBN 7960 2141 12 the the DT 7960 2141 13 remains remain NNS 7960 2141 14 of of IN 7960 2141 15 a a DT 7960 2141 16 widespread widespread JJ 7960 2141 17 and and CC 7960 2141 18 flourishing flourishing JJ 7960 2141 19 civilization civilization NN 7960 2141 20 in in IN 7960 2141 21 times time NNS 7960 2141 22 so so RB 7960 2141 23 distant distant JJ 7960 2141 24 that that IN 7960 2141 25 the the DT 7960 2141 26 historic historic JJ 7960 2141 27 Greeks Greeks NNPS 7960 2141 28 had have VBD 7960 2141 29 lost lose VBN 7960 2141 30 all all DT 7960 2141 31 sight sight NN 7960 2141 32 of of IN 7960 2141 33 it -PRON- PRP 7960 2141 34 . . . 7960 2142 1 As as IN 7960 2142 2 in in IN 7960 2142 3 the the DT 7960 2142 4 Orient Orient NNP 7960 2142 5 , , , 7960 2142 6 [ [ -LRB- 7960 2142 7 4 4 CD 7960 2142 8 ] ] -RRB- 7960 2142 9 the the DT 7960 2142 10 labors labor NNS 7960 2142 11 of of IN 7960 2142 12 modern modern JJ 7960 2142 13 scholars scholar NNS 7960 2142 14 are be VBP 7960 2142 15 yearly yearly RB 7960 2142 16 adding add VBG 7960 2142 17 to to IN 7960 2142 18 our -PRON- PRP$ 7960 2142 19 knowledge knowledge NN 7960 2142 20 of of IN 7960 2142 21 ancient ancient JJ 7960 2142 22 life life NN 7960 2142 23 . . . 7960 2143 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 2143 2 Illustration illustration NN 7960 2143 3 : : : 7960 2143 4 Map Map NNP 7960 2143 5 , , , 7960 2143 6 AEGEAN AEGEAN NNP 7960 2143 7 CIVILIZATION CIVILIZATION NNP 7960 2143 8 ] ] -RRB- 7960 2143 9 [ [ -LRB- 7960 2143 10 Illustration illustration NN 7960 2143 11 : : : 7960 2143 12 EXCAVATIONS EXCAVATIONS NNP 7960 2143 13 AT at IN 7960 2143 14 TROY troy VB 7960 2143 15 The the DT 7960 2143 16 great great JJ 7960 2143 17 northeast northeast JJ 7960 2143 18 tower tower NN 7960 2143 19 of of IN 7960 2143 20 the the DT 7960 2143 21 sixth sixth JJ 7960 2143 22 city city NN 7960 2143 23 . . . 7960 2144 1 The the DT 7960 2144 2 stairs stair NNS 7960 2144 3 at at IN 7960 2144 4 the the DT 7960 2144 5 right right JJ 7960 2144 6 belong belong VBP 7960 2144 7 to to IN 7960 2144 8 the the DT 7960 2144 9 eighth eighth JJ 7960 2144 10 city city NN 7960 2144 11 . . . 7960 2144 12 ] ] -RRB- 7960 2145 1 SCHLIEMANN SCHLIEMANN NNP 7960 2145 2 'S 's POS 7960 2145 3 EXCAVATIONS EXCAVATIONS NNP 7960 2145 4 AT at IN 7960 2145 5 TROY troy VB 7960 2145 6 The the DT 7960 2145 7 man man NN 7960 2145 8 who who WP 7960 2145 9 did do VBD 7960 2145 10 most most RBS 7960 2145 11 to to TO 7960 2145 12 reveal reveal VB 7960 2145 13 the the DT 7960 2145 14 prehistoric prehistoric JJ 7960 2145 15 civilization civilization NN 7960 2145 16 of of IN 7960 2145 17 Greece Greece NNP 7960 2145 18 was be VBD 7960 2145 19 a a DT 7960 2145 20 wealthy wealthy JJ 7960 2145 21 German german JJ 7960 2145 22 merchant merchant NN 7960 2145 23 named name VBN 7960 2145 24 Heinrich Heinrich NNP 7960 2145 25 Schliemann Schliemann NNP 7960 2145 26 . . . 7960 2146 1 An an DT 7960 2146 2 enthusiastic enthusiastic JJ 7960 2146 3 lover lover NN 7960 2146 4 of of IN 7960 2146 5 Homer Homer NNP 7960 2146 6 , , , 7960 2146 7 he -PRON- PRP 7960 2146 8 believed believe VBD 7960 2146 9 that that IN 7960 2146 10 the the DT 7960 2146 11 stories story NNS 7960 2146 12 of of IN 7960 2146 13 the the DT 7960 2146 14 Trojan Trojan NNP 7960 2146 15 War War NNP 7960 2146 16 related relate VBN 7960 2146 17 in in IN 7960 2146 18 the the DT 7960 2146 19 _ _ NNP 7960 2146 20 Iliad Iliad NNP 7960 2146 21 _ _ NNP 7960 2146 22 were be VBD 7960 2146 23 not not RB 7960 2146 24 idle idle JJ 7960 2146 25 fancies fancy NNS 7960 2146 26 , , , 7960 2146 27 but but CC 7960 2146 28 real real JJ 7960 2146 29 facts fact NNS 7960 2146 30 . . . 7960 2147 1 In in IN 7960 2147 2 1870 1870 CD 7960 2147 3 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 2147 4 he -PRON- PRP 7960 2147 5 started start VBD 7960 2147 6 to to TO 7960 2147 7 test test VB 7960 2147 8 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 2147 9 beliefs belief NNS 7960 2147 10 by by IN 7960 2147 11 excavations excavation NNS 7960 2147 12 at at IN 7960 2147 13 a a DT 7960 2147 14 hill hill NN 7960 2147 15 called call VBN 7960 2147 16 Hissarlik Hissarlik NNP 7960 2147 17 , , , 7960 2147 18 on on IN 7960 2147 19 the the DT 7960 2147 20 northwestern northwestern JJ 7960 2147 21 coast coast NN 7960 2147 22 of of IN 7960 2147 23 Asia Asia NNP 7960 2147 24 Minor Minor NNP 7960 2147 25 . . . 7960 2148 1 Here here RB 7960 2148 2 tradition tradition NN 7960 2148 3 had have VBD 7960 2148 4 always always RB 7960 2148 5 fixed fix VBN 7960 2148 6 the the DT 7960 2148 7 site site NN 7960 2148 8 of of IN 7960 2148 9 ancient ancient JJ 7960 2148 10 Troy Troy NNP 7960 2148 11 . . . 7960 2149 1 Schliemann Schliemann NNP 7960 2149 2 's 's POS 7960 2149 3 discoveries discovery NNS 7960 2149 4 and and CC 7960 2149 5 those those DT 7960 2149 6 of of IN 7960 2149 7 later later JJ 7960 2149 8 explorers explorer NNS 7960 2149 9 proved prove VBD 7960 2149 10 that that IN 7960 2149 11 at at IN 7960 2149 12 Hissarlik Hissarlik NNP 7960 2149 13 at at IN 7960 2149 14 least least RBS 7960 2149 15 nine nine CD 7960 2149 16 successive successive JJ 7960 2149 17 cities city NNS 7960 2149 18 had have VBD 7960 2149 19 come come VBN 7960 2149 20 into into IN 7960 2149 21 existence existence NN 7960 2149 22 , , , 7960 2149 23 flourished flourish VBD 7960 2149 24 , , , 7960 2149 25 and and CC 7960 2149 26 passed pass VBD 7960 2149 27 away away RB 7960 2149 28 . . . 7960 2150 1 Excavations excavation NNS 7960 2150 2 completed complete VBN 7960 2150 3 in in IN 7960 2150 4 1892 1892 CD 7960 2150 5 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 2150 6 have have VBP 7960 2150 7 shown show VBN 7960 2150 8 that that IN 7960 2150 9 the the DT 7960 2150 10 sixth sixth JJ 7960 2150 11 city city NN 7960 2150 12 in in IN 7960 2150 13 order order NN 7960 2150 14 from from IN 7960 2150 15 the the DT 7960 2150 16 bottom bottom NN 7960 2150 17 was be VBD 7960 2150 18 the the DT 7960 2150 19 one one NN 7960 2150 20 described describe VBN 7960 2150 21 in in IN 7960 2150 22 the the DT 7960 2150 23 Homeric Homeric NNP 7960 2150 24 poems poem NNS 7960 2150 25 . . . 7960 2151 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 2151 2 had have VBD 7960 2151 3 powerful powerful JJ 7960 2151 4 walls wall NNS 7960 2151 5 defended defend VBN 7960 2151 6 by by IN 7960 2151 7 towers tower NNS 7960 2151 8 , , , 7960 2151 9 well well RB 7960 2151 10 - - HYPH 7960 2151 11 fortified fortify VBN 7960 2151 12 gates gate NNS 7960 2151 13 , , , 7960 2151 14 and and CC 7960 2151 15 palaces palace NNS 7960 2151 16 of of IN 7960 2151 17 stone stone NN 7960 2151 18 . . . 7960 2152 1 The the DT 7960 2152 2 marks mark NNS 7960 2152 3 of of IN 7960 2152 4 fire fire NN 7960 2152 5 throughout throughout IN 7960 2152 6 the the DT 7960 2152 7 ruins ruin NNS 7960 2152 8 indicate indicate VBP 7960 2152 9 that that IN 7960 2152 10 the the DT 7960 2152 11 city city NN 7960 2152 12 must must MD 7960 2152 13 have have VB 7960 2152 14 been be VBN 7960 2152 15 destroyed destroy VBN 7960 2152 16 by by IN 7960 2152 17 a a DT 7960 2152 18 disastrous disastrous JJ 7960 2152 19 conflagration conflagration NN 7960 2152 20 . . . 7960 2153 1 SCHLIEMANN SCHLIEMANN NNP 7960 2153 2 'S 's POS 7960 2153 3 EXCAVATIONS EXCAVATIONS NNP 7960 2153 4 AT AT NNP 7960 2153 5 MYCENAE MYCENAE NNP 7960 2153 6 AND and CC 7960 2153 7 TIRYNS tiryn VBD 7960 2153 8 The the DT 7960 2153 9 remarkable remarkable JJ 7960 2153 10 disclosures disclosure NNS 7960 2153 11 at at IN 7960 2153 12 Troy Troy NNP 7960 2153 13 encouraged encourage VBN 7960 2153 14 Schliemann Schliemann NNP 7960 2153 15 to to TO 7960 2153 16 excavate excavate VB 7960 2153 17 other other JJ 7960 2153 18 Homeric Homeric NNP 7960 2153 19 sites site NNS 7960 2153 20 . . . 7960 2154 1 At at IN 7960 2154 2 Mycenae Mycenae NNP 7960 2154 3 , , , 7960 2154 4 a a DT 7960 2154 5 prehistoric prehistoric JJ 7960 2154 6 city city NN 7960 2154 7 of of IN 7960 2154 8 Argolis Argolis NNP 7960 2154 9 in in IN 7960 2154 10 Greece Greece NNP 7960 2154 11 , , , 7960 2154 12 he -PRON- PRP 7960 2154 13 laid lay VBD 7960 2154 14 bare bare NNP 7960 2154 15 six six CD 7960 2154 16 rock rock NN 7960 2154 17 - - HYPH 7960 2154 18 hewn hewn NNP 7960 2154 19 graves grave NNS 7960 2154 20 , , , 7960 2154 21 containing contain VBG 7960 2154 22 the the DT 7960 2154 23 skeletons skeleton NNS 7960 2154 24 of of IN 7960 2154 25 nineteen nineteen CD 7960 2154 26 persons person NNS 7960 2154 27 , , , 7960 2154 28 men man NNS 7960 2154 29 , , , 7960 2154 30 women woman NNS 7960 2154 31 , , , 7960 2154 32 and and CC 7960 2154 33 children child NNS 7960 2154 34 . . . 7960 2155 1 The the DT 7960 2155 2 faces face NNS 7960 2155 3 of of IN 7960 2155 4 the the DT 7960 2155 5 dead dead NN 7960 2155 6 had have VBD 7960 2155 7 been be VBN 7960 2155 8 covered cover VBN 7960 2155 9 with with IN 7960 2155 10 thin thin JJ 7960 2155 11 masks mask NNS 7960 2155 12 of of IN 7960 2155 13 gold gold NN 7960 2155 14 , , , 7960 2155 15 and and CC 7960 2155 16 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 2155 17 bodies body NNS 7960 2155 18 had have VBD 7960 2155 19 been be VBN 7960 2155 20 decked deck VBN 7960 2155 21 with with IN 7960 2155 22 gold gold JJ 7960 2155 23 diadems diadem NNS 7960 2155 24 , , , 7960 2155 25 bracelets bracelet NNS 7960 2155 26 , , , 7960 2155 27 and and CC 7960 2155 28 pendants pendant NNS 7960 2155 29 . . . 7960 2156 1 The the DT 7960 2156 2 other other JJ 7960 2156 3 funeral funeral NN 7960 2156 4 offerings offering NNS 7960 2156 5 include include VBP 7960 2156 6 gold gold NN 7960 2156 7 rings ring NNS 7960 2156 8 , , , 7960 2156 9 silver silver NN 7960 2156 10 vases vases NNP 7960 2156 11 , , , 7960 2156 12 and and CC 7960 2156 13 a a DT 7960 2156 14 variety variety NN 7960 2156 15 of of IN 7960 2156 16 bronze bronze NN 7960 2156 17 weapons weapon NNS 7960 2156 18 . . . 7960 2157 1 At at IN 7960 2157 2 Tiryns Tiryns NNP 7960 2157 3 , , , 7960 2157 4 once once RB 7960 2157 5 the the DT 7960 2157 6 capital capital NN 7960 2157 7 of of IN 7960 2157 8 Argolis Argolis NNP 7960 2157 9 , , , 7960 2157 10 he -PRON- PRP 7960 2157 11 uncovered uncover VBD 7960 2157 12 the the DT 7960 2157 13 ruins ruin NNS 7960 2157 14 of of IN 7960 2157 15 an an DT 7960 2157 16 extensive extensive JJ 7960 2157 17 structure structure NN 7960 2157 18 with with IN 7960 2157 19 gateways gateway NNS 7960 2157 20 , , , 7960 2157 21 open open JJ 7960 2157 22 courts court NNS 7960 2157 23 , , , 7960 2157 24 and and CC 7960 2157 25 closed closed JJ 7960 2157 26 apartments apartment NNS 7960 2157 27 . . . 7960 2158 1 Characteristic characteristic JJ 7960 2158 2 of of IN 7960 2158 3 this this DT 7960 2158 4 edifice edifice NN 7960 2158 5 were be VBD 7960 2158 6 the the DT 7960 2158 7 separate separate JJ 7960 2158 8 quarters quarter NNS 7960 2158 9 occupied occupy VBN 7960 2158 10 by by IN 7960 2158 11 men man NNS 7960 2158 12 and and CC 7960 2158 13 women woman NNS 7960 2158 14 , , , 7960 2158 15 the the DT 7960 2158 16 series series NN 7960 2158 17 of of IN 7960 2158 18 storerooms storeroom NNS 7960 2158 19 for for IN 7960 2158 20 provisions provision NNS 7960 2158 21 , , , 7960 2158 22 and and CC 7960 2158 23 such such PDT 7960 2158 24 a a DT 7960 2158 25 modern modern JJ 7960 2158 26 convenience convenience NN 7960 2158 27 as as IN 7960 2158 28 a a DT 7960 2158 29 bathroom bathroom NN 7960 2158 30 with with IN 7960 2158 31 pipes pipe NNS 7960 2158 32 and and CC 7960 2158 33 drains drain NNS 7960 2158 34 . . . 7960 2159 1 In in IN 7960 2159 2 short short JJ 7960 2159 3 , , , 7960 2159 4 the the DT 7960 2159 5 palace palace NN 7960 2159 6 at at IN 7960 2159 7 Tiryns Tiryns NNP 7960 2159 8 gives give VBZ 7960 2159 9 us -PRON- PRP 7960 2159 10 a a DT 7960 2159 11 clear clear JJ 7960 2159 12 and and CC 7960 2159 13 detailed detailed JJ 7960 2159 14 picture picture NN 7960 2159 15 of of IN 7960 2159 16 the the DT 7960 2159 17 home home NN 7960 2159 18 of of IN 7960 2159 19 a a DT 7960 2159 20 Homeric Homeric NNP 7960 2159 21 prince prince NN 7960 2159 22 . . . 7960 2160 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 2160 2 Illustration illustration NN 7960 2160 3 : : : 7960 2160 4 LIONS LIONS NNP 7960 2160 5 ' ' '' 7960 2160 6 GATE GATE NNP 7960 2160 7 , , , 7960 2160 8 MYCENAE MYCENAE NNP 7960 2160 9 The the DT 7960 2160 10 stone stone NN 7960 2160 11 relief relief NN 7960 2160 12 , , , 7960 2160 13 of of IN 7960 2160 14 triangular triangular JJ 7960 2160 15 shape shape NN 7960 2160 16 , , , 7960 2160 17 represents represent VBZ 7960 2160 18 two two CD 7960 2160 19 lions lion NNS 7960 2160 20 ( ( -LRB- 7960 2160 21 or or CC 7960 2160 22 lionesses lioness NNS 7960 2160 23 ) ) -RRB- 7960 2160 24 facing face VBG 7960 2160 25 each each DT 7960 2160 26 other other JJ 7960 2160 27 on on IN 7960 2160 28 opposite opposite JJ 7960 2160 29 sides side NNS 7960 2160 30 of of IN 7960 2160 31 a a DT 7960 2160 32 pillar pillar NN 7960 2160 33 . . . 7960 2161 1 The the DT 7960 2161 2 heads head NNS 7960 2161 3 of of IN 7960 2161 4 the the DT 7960 2161 5 animals animal NNS 7960 2161 6 have have VBP 7960 2161 7 been be VBN 7960 2161 8 lost lose VBN 7960 2161 9 . . . 7960 2161 10 ] ] -RRB- 7960 2162 1 EVANS EVANS NNP 7960 2162 2 'S 's POS 7960 2162 3 EXCAVATIONS EXCAVATIONS NNP 7960 2162 4 AT AT NNP 7960 2162 5 GNOSSUS GNOSSUS NNP 7960 2162 6 But but CC 7960 2162 7 the the DT 7960 2162 8 fame fame NN 7960 2162 9 of of IN 7960 2162 10 even even RB 7960 2162 11 Schliemann Schliemann NNP 7960 2162 12 's 's POS 7960 2162 13 discoveries discovery NNS 7960 2162 14 has have VBZ 7960 2162 15 been be VBN 7960 2162 16 somewhat somewhat RB 7960 2162 17 dimmed dim VBN 7960 2162 18 by by IN 7960 2162 19 the the DT 7960 2162 20 excavations excavation NNS 7960 2162 21 made make VBN 7960 2162 22 since since IN 7960 2162 23 1900 1900 CD 7960 2162 24 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 2162 25 on on IN 7960 2162 26 the the DT 7960 2162 27 site site NN 7960 2162 28 of of IN 7960 2162 29 Gnossus Gnossus NNP 7960 2162 30 , , , 7960 2162 31 the the DT 7960 2162 32 ancient ancient JJ 7960 2162 33 capital capital NN 7960 2162 34 of of IN 7960 2162 35 the the DT 7960 2162 36 island island NN 7960 2162 37 of of IN 7960 2162 38 Crete Crete NNP 7960 2162 39 . . . 7960 2163 1 At at IN 7960 2163 2 Gnossus Gnossus NNP 7960 2163 3 an an DT 7960 2163 4 Englishman Englishman NNP 7960 2163 5 , , , 7960 2163 6 Sir Sir NNP 7960 2163 7 Arthur Arthur NNP 7960 2163 8 Evans Evans NNP 7960 2163 9 , , , 7960 2163 10 has have VBZ 7960 2163 11 found find VBN 7960 2163 12 the the DT 7960 2163 13 remains remain NNS 7960 2163 14 of of IN 7960 2163 15 an an DT 7960 2163 16 enormous enormous JJ 7960 2163 17 palace palace NN 7960 2163 18 , , , 7960 2163 19 with with IN 7960 2163 20 numerous numerous JJ 7960 2163 21 courts court NNS 7960 2163 22 , , , 7960 2163 23 passages passage NNS 7960 2163 24 , , , 7960 2163 25 and and CC 7960 2163 26 rooms room NNS 7960 2163 27 . . . 7960 2164 1 Here here RB 7960 2164 2 is be VBZ 7960 2164 3 the the DT 7960 2164 4 royal royal JJ 7960 2164 5 council council NN 7960 2164 6 chamber chamber NN 7960 2164 7 with with IN 7960 2164 8 the the DT 7960 2164 9 throne throne NN 7960 2164 10 on on IN 7960 2164 11 which which WDT 7960 2164 12 the the DT 7960 2164 13 king king NN 7960 2164 14 once once RB 7960 2164 15 sat sit VBD 7960 2164 16 . . . 7960 2165 1 Here here RB 7960 2165 2 are be VBP 7960 2165 3 the the DT 7960 2165 4 royal royal JJ 7960 2165 5 magazines magazine NNS 7960 2165 6 , , , 7960 2165 7 still still RB 7960 2165 8 filled fill VBN 7960 2165 9 with with IN 7960 2165 10 huge huge JJ 7960 2165 11 earthenware earthenware NN 7960 2165 12 jars jar NNS 7960 2165 13 for for IN 7960 2165 14 the the DT 7960 2165 15 storage storage NN 7960 2165 16 of of IN 7960 2165 17 provisions provision NNS 7960 2165 18 . . . 7960 2166 1 A a DT 7960 2166 2 great great JJ 7960 2166 3 number number NN 7960 2166 4 of of IN 7960 2166 5 brilliant brilliant JJ 7960 2166 6 pictures picture NNS 7960 2166 7 -- -- : 7960 2166 8 hunting hunt VBG 7960 2166 9 scenes scene NNS 7960 2166 10 , , , 7960 2166 11 landscapes landscape NNS 7960 2166 12 , , , 7960 2166 13 portraits portrait NNS 7960 2166 14 of of IN 7960 2166 15 men man NNS 7960 2166 16 and and CC 7960 2166 17 women woman NNS 7960 2166 18 -- -- : 7960 2166 19 cover cover VBP 7960 2166 20 the the DT 7960 2166 21 palace palace NN 7960 2166 22 walls wall NNS 7960 2166 23 . . . 7960 2167 1 Buried bury VBN 7960 2167 2 in in IN 7960 2167 3 some some DT 7960 2167 4 of of IN 7960 2167 5 the the DT 7960 2167 6 chambers chamber NNS 7960 2167 7 were be VBD 7960 2167 8 thousands thousand NNS 7960 2167 9 of of IN 7960 2167 10 clay clay NN 7960 2167 11 tablets tablet NNS 7960 2167 12 with with IN 7960 2167 13 inscriptions inscription NNS 7960 2167 14 which which WDT 7960 2167 15 , , , 7960 2167 16 if if IN 7960 2167 17 ever ever RB 7960 2167 18 read read VBP 7960 2167 19 , , , 7960 2167 20 will will MD 7960 2167 21 add add VB 7960 2167 22 new new JJ 7960 2167 23 chapters chapter NNS 7960 2167 24 to to IN 7960 2167 25 ancient ancient JJ 7960 2167 26 history history NN 7960 2167 27 . . . 7960 2168 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 2168 2 5 5 CD 7960 2168 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 2168 4 [ [ -LRB- 7960 2168 5 Illustration illustration NN 7960 2168 6 : : : 7960 2168 7 THE the DT 7960 2168 8 VAPHIO VAPHIO NNP 7960 2168 9 GOLD gold NN 7960 2168 10 CUPS CUPS NNP 7960 2168 11 ( ( -LRB- 7960 2168 12 National National NNP 7960 2168 13 Museum Museum NNP 7960 2168 14 , , , 7960 2168 15 Athens Athens NNP 7960 2168 16 ) ) -RRB- 7960 2168 17 These these DT 7960 2168 18 beautiful beautiful JJ 7960 2168 19 objects object NNS 7960 2168 20 were be VBD 7960 2168 21 found find VBN 7960 2168 22 in in IN 7960 2168 23 1888 1888 CD 7960 2168 24 within within IN 7960 2168 25 a a DT 7960 2168 26 " " `` 7960 2168 27 bee bee NNP 7960 2168 28 - - HYPH 7960 2168 29 hive hive JJ 7960 2168 30 " " '' 7960 2168 31 tomb tomb NN 7960 2168 32 at at IN 7960 2168 33 Vaphio Vaphio NNP 7960 2168 34 in in IN 7960 2168 35 Laconia Laconia NNP 7960 2168 36 . . . 7960 2169 1 The the DT 7960 2169 2 two two CD 7960 2169 3 cups cup NNS 7960 2169 4 are be VBP 7960 2169 5 of of IN 7960 2169 6 beaten beat VBN 7960 2169 7 gold gold NN 7960 2169 8 , , , 7960 2169 9 ornamented ornament VBN 7960 2169 10 with with IN 7960 2169 11 designs design NNS 7960 2169 12 in in IN 7960 2169 13 _ _ NNP 7960 2169 14 repoussé repoussé JJ 7960 2169 15 _ _ NNP 7960 2169 16 work work NN 7960 2169 17 . . . 7960 2170 1 The the DT 7960 2170 2 first first JJ 7960 2170 3 scene scene NN 7960 2170 4 represents represent VBZ 7960 2170 5 a a DT 7960 2170 6 wild wild JJ 7960 2170 7 - - HYPH 7960 2170 8 bull bull NN 7960 2170 9 hunt hunt NN 7960 2170 10 . . . 7960 2171 1 The the DT 7960 2171 2 companion companion NN 7960 2171 3 piece piece NN 7960 2171 4 pictures picture VBZ 7960 2171 5 four four CD 7960 2171 6 tame tame JJ 7960 2171 7 bulls bull NNS 7960 2171 8 under under IN 7960 2171 9 the the DT 7960 2171 10 care care NN 7960 2171 11 of of IN 7960 2171 12 a a DT 7960 2171 13 herdsman herdsman NN 7960 2171 14 . . . 7960 2171 15 ] ] -RRB- 7960 2172 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 2172 2 Illustration illustration NN 7960 2172 3 : : : 7960 2172 4 SILVER silver NN 7960 2172 5 FRAGMENT FRAGMENT NNP 7960 2172 6 FROM from IN 7960 2172 7 MYCENAE MYCENAE NNP 7960 2172 8 ( ( -LRB- 7960 2172 9 National National NNP 7960 2172 10 Museum Museum NNP 7960 2172 11 , , , 7960 2172 12 Athens Athens NNP 7960 2172 13 ) ) -RRB- 7960 2172 14 A a DT 7960 2172 15 siege siege NN 7960 2172 16 scene scene NN 7960 2172 17 showing show VBG 7960 2172 18 the the DT 7960 2172 19 bows bow NNS 7960 2172 20 , , , 7960 2172 21 slings sling NNS 7960 2172 22 , , , 7960 2172 23 and and CC 7960 2172 24 huge huge JJ 7960 2172 25 shields shield NNS 7960 2172 26 of of IN 7960 2172 27 Mycenaean mycenaean JJ 7960 2172 28 warriors warrior NNS 7960 2172 29 . . . 7960 2173 1 In in IN 7960 2173 2 the the DT 7960 2173 3 background background NN 7960 2173 4 are be VBP 7960 2173 5 seen see VBN 7960 2173 6 the the DT 7960 2173 7 masonry masonry NN 7960 2173 8 of of IN 7960 2173 9 the the DT 7960 2173 10 city city NN 7960 2173 11 wall wall NN 7960 2173 12 and and CC 7960 2173 13 the the DT 7960 2173 14 flat flat RB 7960 2173 15 - - HYPH 7960 2173 16 roofed roof VBN 7960 2173 17 houses house NNS 7960 2173 18 . . . 7960 2173 19 ] ] -RRB- 7960 2174 1 ANTIQUITY ANTIQUITY NNS 7960 2174 2 OF of IN 7960 2174 3 AEGEAN AEGEAN NNP 7960 2174 4 CIVILIZATION CIVILIZATION VBD 7960 2174 5 These these DT 7960 2174 6 discoveries discovery NNS 7960 2174 7 in in IN 7960 2174 8 the the DT 7960 2174 9 Aegean Aegean NNP 7960 2174 10 enable enable VBP 7960 2174 11 us -PRON- PRP 7960 2174 12 to to TO 7960 2174 13 place place VB 7960 2174 14 another another DT 7960 2174 15 venerable venerable JJ 7960 2174 16 center center NN 7960 2174 17 of of IN 7960 2174 18 civilized civilized JJ 7960 2174 19 life life NN 7960 2174 20 by by IN 7960 2174 21 the the DT 7960 2174 22 side side NN 7960 2174 23 of of IN 7960 2174 24 Babylonia Babylonia NNP 7960 2174 25 and and CC 7960 2174 26 Egypt Egypt NNP 7960 2174 27 . . . 7960 2175 1 As as RB 7960 2175 2 early early RB 7960 2175 3 as as IN 7960 2175 4 3000 3000 CD 7960 2175 5 B.C. B.C. NNP 7960 2176 1 the the DT 7960 2176 2 primitive primitive JJ 7960 2176 3 inhabitants inhabitant NNS 7960 2176 4 of of IN 7960 2176 5 the the DT 7960 2176 6 Aegean Aegean NNP 7960 2176 7 were be VBD 7960 2176 8 giving give VBG 7960 2176 9 up up RP 7960 2176 10 the the DT 7960 2176 11 use use NN 7960 2176 12 of of IN 7960 2176 13 stone stone NN 7960 2176 14 tools tool NNS 7960 2176 15 and and CC 7960 2176 16 weapons weapon NNS 7960 2176 17 for for IN 7960 2176 18 those those DT 7960 2176 19 of of IN 7960 2176 20 metal metal NN 7960 2176 21 . . . 7960 2177 1 Bronze Bronze NNP 7960 2177 2 soon soon RB 7960 2177 3 came come VBD 7960 2177 4 into into IN 7960 2177 5 general general JJ 7960 2177 6 use use NN 7960 2177 7 , , , 7960 2177 8 as as IN 7960 2177 9 is be VBZ 7960 2177 10 shown show VBN 7960 2177 11 by by IN 7960 2177 12 the the DT 7960 2177 13 excavations excavation NNS 7960 2177 14 . . . 7960 2178 1 The the DT 7960 2178 2 five five CD 7960 2178 3 centuries century NNS 7960 2178 4 between between IN 7960 2178 5 1600 1600 CD 7960 2178 6 and and CC 7960 2178 7 1100 1100 CD 7960 2178 8 B.C. B.C. NNP 7960 2179 1 appear appear VBP 7960 2179 2 to to TO 7960 2179 3 have have VB 7960 2179 4 been be VBN 7960 2179 5 the the DT 7960 2179 6 time time NN 7960 2179 7 when when WRB 7960 2179 8 the the DT 7960 2179 9 civilization civilization NN 7960 2179 10 of of IN 7960 2179 11 the the DT 7960 2179 12 Aegean Aegean NNP 7960 2179 13 Age Age NNP 7960 2179 14 reached reach VBD 7960 2179 15 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 2179 16 highest high JJS 7960 2179 17 development development NN 7960 2179 18 . . . 7960 2180 1 THE the DT 7960 2180 2 FINE fine JJ 7960 2180 3 ARTS arts IN 7960 2180 4 Remarkable remarkable JJ 7960 2180 5 progress progress NN 7960 2180 6 took take VBD 7960 2180 7 place place NN 7960 2180 8 during during IN 7960 2180 9 Aegean Aegean NNP 7960 2180 10 times time NNS 7960 2180 11 in in IN 7960 2180 12 some some DT 7960 2180 13 of of IN 7960 2180 14 the the DT 7960 2180 15 fine fine JJ 7960 2180 16 arts art NNS 7960 2180 17 . . . 7960 2181 1 We -PRON- PRP 7960 2181 2 find find VBP 7960 2181 3 imposing impose VBG 7960 2181 4 palaces palace NNS 7960 2181 5 , , , 7960 2181 6 often often RB 7960 2181 7 splendidly splendidly RB 7960 2181 8 adorned adorn VBN 7960 2181 9 and and CC 7960 2181 10 arranged arrange VBN 7960 2181 11 for for IN 7960 2181 12 a a DT 7960 2181 13 life life NN 7960 2181 14 of of IN 7960 2181 15 comfort comfort NN 7960 2181 16 . . . 7960 2182 1 Wall Wall NNP 7960 2182 2 paintings painting NNS 7960 2182 3 , , , 7960 2182 4 plaster plaster NN 7960 2182 5 reliefs relief NNS 7960 2182 6 , , , 7960 2182 7 and and CC 7960 2182 8 fine fine JJ 7960 2182 9 carvings carving NNS 7960 2182 10 in in IN 7960 2182 11 stone stone NN 7960 2182 12 excite excite NN 7960 2182 13 our -PRON- PRP$ 7960 2182 14 admiration admiration NN 7960 2182 15 . . . 7960 2183 1 Aegean aegean JJ 7960 2183 2 artists artist NNS 7960 2183 3 made make VBD 7960 2183 4 beautiful beautiful JJ 7960 2183 5 pottery pottery NN 7960 2183 6 of of IN 7960 2183 7 many many JJ 7960 2183 8 shapes shape NNS 7960 2183 9 and and CC 7960 2183 10 cleverly cleverly RB 7960 2183 11 decorated decorate VBD 7960 2183 12 it -PRON- PRP 7960 2183 13 with with IN 7960 2183 14 plant plant NN 7960 2183 15 and and CC 7960 2183 16 animal animal NN 7960 2183 17 forms form NNS 7960 2183 18 . . . 7960 2184 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 2184 2 carved carve VBD 7960 2184 3 ivory ivory NN 7960 2184 4 , , , 7960 2184 5 engraved engraved JJ 7960 2184 6 gems gem NNS 7960 2184 7 , , , 7960 2184 8 and and CC 7960 2184 9 excelled excel VBN 7960 2184 10 in in IN 7960 2184 11 the the DT 7960 2184 12 working working NN 7960 2184 13 of of IN 7960 2184 14 metals metal NNS 7960 2184 15 . . . 7960 2185 1 Some some DT 7960 2185 2 of of IN 7960 2185 3 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 2185 4 productions production NNS 7960 2185 5 in in IN 7960 2185 6 gold gold NN 7960 2185 7 , , , 7960 2185 8 silver silver NN 7960 2185 9 , , , 7960 2185 10 and and CC 7960 2185 11 bronze bronze NN 7960 2185 12 were be VBD 7960 2185 13 scarcely scarcely RB 7960 2185 14 surpassed surpass VBN 7960 2185 15 by by IN 7960 2185 16 Greek greek JJ 7960 2185 17 artists artist NNS 7960 2185 18 a a DT 7960 2185 19 thousand thousand CD 7960 2185 20 years year NNS 7960 2185 21 later later RB 7960 2185 22 . . . 7960 2186 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 2186 2 6 6 CD 7960 2186 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 2186 4 COMMERCE COMMERCE NNP 7960 2186 5 There there EX 7960 2186 6 was be VBD 7960 2186 7 much much JJ 7960 2186 8 intercourse intercourse NN 7960 2186 9 throughout throughout IN 7960 2186 10 the the DT 7960 2186 11 Mediterranean Mediterranean NNP 7960 2186 12 during during IN 7960 2186 13 this this DT 7960 2186 14 period period NN 7960 2186 15 . . . 7960 2187 1 Products product NNS 7960 2187 2 of of IN 7960 2187 3 Aegean aegean JJ 7960 2187 4 art art NN 7960 2187 5 have have VBP 7960 2187 6 been be VBN 7960 2187 7 found find VBN 7960 2187 8 as as RB 7960 2187 9 far far RB 7960 2187 10 west west RB 7960 2187 11 as as IN 7960 2187 12 Sicily Sicily NNP 7960 2187 13 , , , 7960 2187 14 Italy Italy NNP 7960 2187 15 , , , 7960 2187 16 and and CC 7960 2187 17 Spain Spain NNP 7960 2187 18 , , , 7960 2187 19 Aegean aegean JJ 7960 2187 20 pottery pottery NN 7960 2187 21 has have VBZ 7960 2187 22 frequently frequently RB 7960 2187 23 been be VBN 7960 2187 24 discovered discover VBN 7960 2187 25 in in IN 7960 2187 26 Egyptian egyptian JJ 7960 2187 27 tombs tomb NNS 7960 2187 28 . . . 7960 2188 1 Some some DT 7960 2188 2 objects object NNS 7960 2188 3 unearthed unearth VBN 7960 2188 4 in in IN 7960 2188 5 Babylonia Babylonia NNP 7960 2188 6 are be VBP 7960 2188 7 apparently apparently RB 7960 2188 8 of of IN 7960 2188 9 Aegean aegean JJ 7960 2188 10 workmanship workmanship NN 7960 2188 11 . . . 7960 2189 1 In in IN 7960 2189 2 those those DT 7960 2189 3 ancient ancient JJ 7960 2189 4 days day NNS 7960 2189 5 Crete Crete NNP 7960 2189 6 was be VBD 7960 2189 7 mistress mistress NN 7960 2189 8 of of IN 7960 2189 9 the the DT 7960 2189 10 seas sea NNS 7960 2189 11 . . . 7960 2190 1 Cretan cretan NN 7960 2190 2 merchants merchant NNS 7960 2190 3 preceded precede VBD 7960 2190 4 the the DT 7960 2190 5 Phoenicians Phoenicians NNPS 7960 2190 6 as as IN 7960 2190 7 carriers carrier NNS 7960 2190 8 between between IN 7960 2190 9 Asia Asia NNP 7960 2190 10 and and CC 7960 2190 11 Europe Europe NNP 7960 2190 12 . . . 7960 2191 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 2191 2 7 7 LS 7960 2191 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 2191 4 Trade Trade NNP 7960 2191 5 and and CC 7960 2191 6 commerce commerce NNP 7960 2191 7 thus thus RB 7960 2191 8 opened open VBD 7960 2191 9 up up RP 7960 2191 10 the the DT 7960 2191 11 Mediterranean Mediterranean NNP 7960 2191 12 world world NN 7960 2191 13 to to IN 7960 2191 14 all all PDT 7960 2191 15 the the DT 7960 2191 16 cultural cultural JJ 7960 2191 17 influences influence NNS 7960 2191 18 of of IN 7960 2191 19 the the DT 7960 2191 20 Orient Orient NNP 7960 2191 21 . . . 7960 2192 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 2192 2 Illustration illustration NN 7960 2192 3 : : : 7960 2192 4 A a DT 7960 2192 5 CRETAN cretan NN 7960 2192 6 GIRL GIRL NNP 7960 2192 7 ( ( -LRB- 7960 2192 8 Museum Museum NNP 7960 2192 9 of of IN 7960 2192 10 Candia Candia NNP 7960 2192 11 , , , 7960 2192 12 Crete Crete NNP 7960 2192 13 ) ) -RRB- 7960 2192 14 A a DT 7960 2192 15 fresco fresco NN 7960 2192 16 painting paint VBG 7960 2192 17 from from IN 7960 2192 18 the the DT 7960 2192 19 palace palace NN 7960 2192 20 of of IN 7960 2192 21 Gnossus Gnossus NNP 7960 2192 22 . . . 7960 2193 1 The the DT 7960 2193 2 girl girl NN 7960 2193 3 's 's POS 7960 2193 4 face face NN 7960 2193 5 is be VBZ 7960 2193 6 so so RB 7960 2193 7 astonishingly astonishingly RB 7960 2193 8 modern modern JJ 7960 2193 9 in in IN 7960 2193 10 treatment treatment NN 7960 2193 11 that that IN 7960 2193 12 one one PRP 7960 2193 13 can can MD 7960 2193 14 scarcely scarcely RB 7960 2193 15 believe believe VB 7960 2193 16 that that IN 7960 2193 17 the the DT 7960 2193 18 picture picture NN 7960 2193 19 belongs belong VBZ 7960 2193 20 to to IN 7960 2193 21 the the DT 7960 2193 22 sixteenth sixteenth JJ 7960 2193 23 century century NN 7960 2193 24 B.C. B.C. NNP 7960 2193 25 ] ] -RRB- 7960 2194 1 DOWNFALL DOWNFALL NNP 7960 2194 2 OF of IN 7960 2194 3 AEGEAN AEGEAN NNP 7960 2194 4 CIVILIZATION CIVILIZATION VBN 7960 2194 5 Aegean aegean JJ 7960 2194 6 civilization civilization NN 7960 2194 7 did do VBD 7960 2194 8 not not RB 7960 2194 9 penetrate penetrate VB 7960 2194 10 beyond beyond IN 7960 2194 11 the the DT 7960 2194 12 shores shore NNS 7960 2194 13 of of IN 7960 2194 14 Asia Asia NNP 7960 2194 15 Minor Minor NNP 7960 2194 16 , , , 7960 2194 17 the the DT 7960 2194 18 islands island NNS 7960 2194 19 , , , 7960 2194 20 and and CC 7960 2194 21 the the DT 7960 2194 22 coasts coast NNS 7960 2194 23 of of IN 7960 2194 24 Continental Continental NNP 7960 2194 25 Greece Greece NNP 7960 2194 26 . . . 7960 2195 1 The the DT 7960 2195 2 interior interior JJ 7960 2195 3 regions region NNS 7960 2195 4 of of IN 7960 2195 5 the the DT 7960 2195 6 Greek greek JJ 7960 2195 7 peninsula peninsula NN 7960 2195 8 remained remain VBD 7960 2195 9 the the DT 7960 2195 10 home home NN 7960 2195 11 of of IN 7960 2195 12 barbarous barbarous JJ 7960 2195 13 tribes tribe NNS 7960 2195 14 , , , 7960 2195 15 which which WDT 7960 2195 16 had have VBD 7960 2195 17 not not RB 7960 2195 18 yet yet RB 7960 2195 19 learned learn VBN 7960 2195 20 to to TO 7960 2195 21 build build VB 7960 2195 22 cities city NNS 7960 2195 23 , , , 7960 2195 24 to to TO 7960 2195 25 create create VB 7960 2195 26 beautiful beautiful JJ 7960 2195 27 objects object NNS 7960 2195 28 of of IN 7960 2195 29 art art NN 7960 2195 30 , , , 7960 2195 31 or or CC 7960 2195 32 to to IN 7960 2195 33 traffic traffic NN 7960 2195 34 on on IN 7960 2195 35 the the DT 7960 2195 36 seas sea NNS 7960 2195 37 . . . 7960 2196 1 By by IN 7960 2196 2 1100 1100 CD 7960 2196 3 B.C. B.C. NNP 7960 2197 1 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 2197 2 destructive destructive JJ 7960 2197 3 inroads inroad NNS 7960 2197 4 brought bring VBD 7960 2197 5 the the DT 7960 2197 6 Aegean Aegean NNP 7960 2197 7 Age Age NNP 7960 2197 8 to to IN 7960 2197 9 an an DT 7960 2197 10 end end NN 7960 2197 11 . . . 7960 2198 1 23 23 CD 7960 2198 2 . . . 7960 2199 1 THE the DT 7960 2199 2 HOMERIC HOMERIC NNP 7960 2199 3 AGE age NN 7960 2199 4 ( ( -LRB- 7960 2199 5 ABOUT about RB 7960 2199 6 1100 1100 CD 7960 2199 7 - - SYM 7960 2199 8 750 750 CD 7960 2199 9 B.C. B.C. NNP 7960 2199 10 ) ) -RRB- 7960 2200 1 COMING come VBG 7960 2200 2 OF of IN 7960 2200 3 THE the DT 7960 2200 4 NORTHERN NORTHERN NNP 7960 2200 5 BARBARIANS barbarian VBD 7960 2200 6 The the DT 7960 2200 7 barbarians barbarian NNS 7960 2200 8 who who WP 7960 2200 9 overthrew overthrow VBD 7960 2200 10 Aegean aegean JJ 7960 2200 11 civilization civilization NN 7960 2200 12 seem seem VBP 7960 2200 13 to to TO 7960 2200 14 have have VB 7960 2200 15 entered enter VBN 7960 2200 16 Greece Greece NNP 7960 2200 17 from from IN 7960 2200 18 the the DT 7960 2200 19 north north NN 7960 2200 20 , , , 7960 2200 21 perhaps perhaps RB 7960 2200 22 from from IN 7960 2200 23 the the DT 7960 2200 24 region region NN 7960 2200 25 the the DT 7960 2200 26 Danube Danube NNP 7960 2200 27 River River NNP 7960 2200 28 . . . 7960 2201 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 2201 2 pushed push VBD 7960 2201 3 gradually gradually RB 7960 2201 4 southward southward RB 7960 2201 5 , , , 7960 2201 6 sometimes sometimes RB 7960 2201 7 exterminating exterminate VBG 7960 2201 8 or or CC 7960 2201 9 enslaving enslave VBG 7960 2201 10 the the DT 7960 2201 11 earlier early JJR 7960 2201 12 inhabitants inhabitant NNS 7960 2201 13 of of IN 7960 2201 14 the the DT 7960 2201 15 country country NN 7960 2201 16 , , , 7960 2201 17 but but CC 7960 2201 18 more more RBR 7960 2201 19 often often RB 7960 2201 20 settling settle VBG 7960 2201 21 peaceably peaceably RB 7960 2201 22 in in IN 7960 2201 23 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 2201 24 new new JJ 7960 2201 25 homes home NNS 7960 2201 26 . . . 7960 2202 1 Conquerors conqueror NNS 7960 2202 2 and and CC 7960 2202 3 conquered conquer VBD 7960 2202 4 slowly slowly RB 7960 2202 5 intermingled intermingled JJ 7960 2202 6 and and CC 7960 2202 7 so so RB 7960 2202 8 produced produce VBD 7960 2202 9 the the DT 7960 2202 10 one one CD 7960 2202 11 Greek greek JJ 7960 2202 12 people people NNS 7960 2202 13 which which WDT 7960 2202 14 is be VBZ 7960 2202 15 found find VBN 7960 2202 16 at at IN 7960 2202 17 the the DT 7960 2202 18 dawn dawn NN 7960 2202 19 of of IN 7960 2202 20 history history NN 7960 2202 21 . . . 7960 2203 1 These these DT 7960 2203 2 Greeks Greeks NNPS 7960 2203 3 , , , 7960 2203 4 as as IN 7960 2203 5 we -PRON- PRP 7960 2203 6 shall shall MD 7960 2203 7 call call VB 7960 2203 8 them -PRON- PRP 7960 2203 9 henceforth henceforth RB 7960 2203 10 , , , 7960 2203 11 also also RB 7960 2203 12 occupied occupy VBD 7960 2203 13 the the DT 7960 2203 14 islands island NNS 7960 2203 15 of of IN 7960 2203 16 the the DT 7960 2203 17 Aegean Aegean NNP 7960 2203 18 Sea Sea NNP 7960 2203 19 and and CC 7960 2203 20 the the DT 7960 2203 21 coast coast NN 7960 2203 22 of of IN 7960 2203 23 Asia Asia NNP 7960 2203 24 Minor Minor NNP 7960 2203 25 . . . 7960 2204 1 The the DT 7960 2204 2 entire entire JJ 7960 2204 3 basin basin NN 7960 2204 4 of of IN 7960 2204 5 the the DT 7960 2204 6 Aegean Aegean NNP 7960 2204 7 thus thus RB 7960 2204 8 became become VBD 7960 2204 9 a a DT 7960 2204 10 Greek greek JJ 7960 2204 11 world world NN 7960 2204 12 . . . 7960 2205 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 2205 2 Illustration illustration NN 7960 2205 3 : : : 7960 2205 4 AEGEAN AEGEAN NNP 7960 2205 5 SNAKE SNAKE NNP 7960 2205 6 GODDESS GODDESS NNP 7960 2205 7 ( ( -LRB- 7960 2205 8 Museum Museum NNP 7960 2205 9 of of IN 7960 2205 10 Fine Fine NNP 7960 2205 11 Arts Arts NNP 7960 2205 12 , , , 7960 2205 13 Boston Boston NNP 7960 2205 14 ) ) -RRB- 7960 2205 15 A a DT 7960 2205 16 gold gold NN 7960 2205 17 and and CC 7960 2205 18 ivory ivory NN 7960 2205 19 statuette statuette NN 7960 2205 20 found find VBN 7960 2205 21 in in IN 7960 2205 22 Crete Crete NNP 7960 2205 23 . . . 7960 2206 1 Dates date NNS 7960 2206 2 from from IN 7960 2206 3 the the DT 7960 2206 4 sixteenth sixteenth JJ 7960 2206 5 century century NN 7960 2206 6 B.C. B.C. NNP 7960 2207 1 The the DT 7960 2207 2 goddess goddess NN 7960 2207 3 wears wear VBZ 7960 2207 4 the the DT 7960 2207 5 characteristic characteristic JJ 7960 2207 6 Cretan Cretan NNP 7960 2207 7 dress dress NN 7960 2207 8 , , , 7960 2207 9 with with IN 7960 2207 10 low- low- NN 7960 2207 11 cut cut NN 7960 2207 12 jacket jacket NN 7960 2207 13 and and CC 7960 2207 14 full full JJ 7960 2207 15 skirt skirt NN 7960 2207 16 with with IN 7960 2207 17 five five CD 7960 2207 18 plaited plaited JJ 7960 2207 19 flounces flounce NNS 7960 2207 20 . . . 7960 2208 1 On on IN 7960 2208 2 her -PRON- PRP$ 7960 2208 3 head head NN 7960 2208 4 is be VBZ 7960 2208 5 an an DT 7960 2208 6 elaborate elaborate JJ 7960 2208 7 crown crown NN 7960 2208 8 . . . 7960 2208 9 ] ] -RRB- 7960 2209 1 THE the DT 7960 2209 2 HOMERIC HOMERIC NNS 7960 2209 3 EPICS epics VBP 7960 2209 4 The the DT 7960 2209 5 period period NN 7960 2209 6 between between IN 7960 2209 7 the the DT 7960 2209 8 end end NN 7960 2209 9 of of IN 7960 2209 10 the the DT 7960 2209 11 Aegean Aegean NNP 7960 2209 12 Age Age NNP 7960 2209 13 and and CC 7960 2209 14 the the DT 7960 2209 15 opening opening NN 7960 2209 16 of of IN 7960 2209 17 historic historic JJ 7960 2209 18 times time NNS 7960 2209 19 in in IN 7960 2209 20 Greece Greece NNP 7960 2209 21 is be VBZ 7960 2209 22 usually usually RB 7960 2209 23 called call VBN 7960 2209 24 the the DT 7960 2209 25 Homeric Homeric NNP 7960 2209 26 Age Age NNP 7960 2209 27 , , , 7960 2209 28 because because IN 7960 2209 29 many many JJ 7960 2209 30 features feature NNS 7960 2209 31 of of IN 7960 2209 32 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 2209 33 civilization civilization NN 7960 2209 34 are be VBP 7960 2209 35 reflected reflect VBN 7960 2209 36 in in IN 7960 2209 37 two two CD 7960 2209 38 epic epic JJ 7960 2209 39 poems poem NNS 7960 2209 40 called call VBD 7960 2209 41 the the DT 7960 2209 42 _ _ NNP 7960 2209 43 Iliad Iliad NNP 7960 2209 44 _ _ NNP 7960 2209 45 and and CC 7960 2209 46 the the DT 7960 2209 47 _ _ NNP 7960 2209 48 Odyssey Odyssey NNP 7960 2209 49 _ _ NNP 7960 2209 50 . . . 7960 2210 1 The the DT 7960 2210 2 former former JJ 7960 2210 3 deals deal NNS 7960 2210 4 with with IN 7960 2210 5 the the DT 7960 2210 6 story story NN 7960 2210 7 of of IN 7960 2210 8 a a DT 7960 2210 9 Greek greek JJ 7960 2210 10 expedition expedition NN 7960 2210 11 against against IN 7960 2210 12 Troy Troy NNP 7960 2210 13 ; ; : 7960 2210 14 the the DT 7960 2210 15 latter latter NN 7960 2210 16 describes describe VBZ 7960 2210 17 the the DT 7960 2210 18 wanderings wandering NNS 7960 2210 19 of of IN 7960 2210 20 the the DT 7960 2210 21 hero hero NN 7960 2210 22 Odysseus Odysseus NNP 7960 2210 23 on on IN 7960 2210 24 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 2210 25 return return NN 7960 2210 26 from from IN 7960 2210 27 Troy Troy NNP 7960 2210 28 . . . 7960 2211 1 The the DT 7960 2211 2 two two CD 7960 2211 3 epics epic NNS 7960 2211 4 were be VBD 7960 2211 5 probably probably RB 7960 2211 6 composed compose VBN 7960 2211 7 in in IN 7960 2211 8 Ionia Ionia NNP 7960 2211 9 , , , 7960 2211 10 and and CC 7960 2211 11 by by IN 7960 2211 12 the the DT 7960 2211 13 Greeks Greeks NNPS 7960 2211 14 were be VBD 7960 2211 15 attributed attribute VBN 7960 2211 16 to to IN 7960 2211 17 a a DT 7960 2211 18 blind blind JJ 7960 2211 19 bard bard NN 7960 2211 20 named name VBN 7960 2211 21 Homer Homer NNP 7960 2211 22 . . . 7960 2212 1 Many many JJ 7960 2212 2 modern modern JJ 7960 2212 3 scholars scholar NNS 7960 2212 4 , , , 7960 2212 5 however however RB 7960 2212 6 , , , 7960 2212 7 consider consider VB 7960 2212 8 them -PRON- PRP 7960 2212 9 the the DT 7960 2212 10 work work NN 7960 2212 11 of of IN 7960 2212 12 several several JJ 7960 2212 13 generations generation NNS 7960 2212 14 of of IN 7960 2212 15 poets poet NNS 7960 2212 16 . . . 7960 2213 1 The the DT 7960 2213 2 references reference NNS 7960 2213 3 in in IN 7960 2213 4 the the DT 7960 2213 5 _ _ NNP 7960 2213 6 Iliad Iliad NNP 7960 2213 7 _ _ NNP 7960 2213 8 and and CC 7960 2213 9 the the DT 7960 2213 10 _ _ NNP 7960 2213 11 Odyssey Odyssey NNP 7960 2213 12 _ _ NNP 7960 2213 13 to to IN 7960 2213 14 industry industry NN 7960 2213 15 , , , 7960 2213 16 social social JJ 7960 2213 17 life life NN 7960 2213 18 , , , 7960 2213 19 law law NN 7960 2213 20 , , , 7960 2213 21 government government NN 7960 2213 22 , , , 7960 2213 23 and and CC 7960 2213 24 religion religion NN 7960 2213 25 give give VBP 7960 2213 26 us -PRON- PRP 7960 2213 27 some some DT 7960 2213 28 idea idea NN 7960 2213 29 of of IN 7960 2213 30 the the DT 7960 2213 31 culture culture NN 7960 2213 32 which which WDT 7960 2213 33 the the DT 7960 2213 34 historic historic JJ 7960 2213 35 Greeks Greeks NNPS 7960 2213 36 received receive VBD 7960 2213 37 as as IN 7960 2213 38 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 2213 39 inheritance inheritance NN 7960 2213 40 . . . 7960 2214 1 INDUSTRY INDUSTRY NNP 7960 2214 2 The the DT 7960 2214 3 Greeks Greeks NNPS 7960 2214 4 as as IN 7960 2214 5 described describe VBN 7960 2214 6 in in IN 7960 2214 7 the the DT 7960 2214 8 Homeric Homeric NNP 7960 2214 9 epics epic NNS 7960 2214 10 were be VBD 7960 2214 11 in in IN 7960 2214 12 a a DT 7960 2214 13 transitional transitional JJ 7960 2214 14 stage stage NN 7960 2214 15 between between IN 7960 2214 16 the the DT 7960 2214 17 life life NN 7960 2214 18 of of IN 7960 2214 19 shepherds shepherd NNS 7960 2214 20 and and CC 7960 2214 21 that that IN 7960 2214 22 of of IN 7960 2214 23 farmers farmer NNS 7960 2214 24 . . . 7960 2215 1 Wealth wealth NN 7960 2215 2 consisted consist VBD 7960 2215 3 chiefly chiefly RB 7960 2215 4 of of IN 7960 2215 5 flocks flock NNS 7960 2215 6 and and CC 7960 2215 7 herds herd NNS 7960 2215 8 , , , 7960 2215 9 though though IN 7960 2215 10 nearly nearly RB 7960 2215 11 every every DT 7960 2215 12 freeman freeman NN 7960 2215 13 owned own VBD 7960 2215 14 a a DT 7960 2215 15 little little JJ 7960 2215 16 plot plot NN 7960 2215 17 of of IN 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2218 1 Commerce Commerce NNP 7960 2218 2 was be VBD 7960 2218 3 little little RB 7960 2218 4 followed followed JJ 7960 2218 5 . . . 7960 2219 1 The the DT 7960 2219 2 Greeks Greeks NNPS 7960 2219 3 depended depend VBD 7960 2219 4 on on IN 7960 2219 5 Phoenician phoenician JJ 7960 2219 6 sailors sailor NNS 7960 2219 7 to to TO 7960 2219 8 bring bring VB 7960 2219 9 to to IN 7960 2219 10 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 2219 11 shores shore NNS 7960 2219 12 the the DT 7960 2219 13 commodities commodity NNS 7960 2219 14 which which WDT 7960 2219 15 they -PRON- PRP 7960 2219 16 could could MD 7960 2219 17 not not RB 7960 2219 18 produce produce VB 7960 2219 19 themselves -PRON- PRP 7960 2219 20 . . . 7960 2220 1 Iron iron NN 7960 2220 2 was be VBD 7960 2220 3 known know VBN 7960 2220 4 and and CC 7960 2220 5 used use VBN 7960 2220 6 , , , 7960 2220 7 for for IN 7960 2220 8 instance instance NN 7960 2220 9 , , , 7960 2220 10 in in IN 7960 2220 11 the the DT 7960 2220 12 manufacture manufacture NN 7960 2220 13 of of IN 7960 2220 14 farm farm NN 7960 2220 15 tools tool NNS 7960 2220 16 . . . 7960 2221 1 During during IN 7960 2221 2 Homeric Homeric NNP 7960 2221 3 times time NNS 7960 2221 4 , , , 7960 2221 5 however however RB 7960 2221 6 , , , 7960 2221 7 that that IN 7960 2221 8 metal metal NN 7960 2221 9 had have VBD 7960 2221 10 not not RB 7960 2221 11 yet yet RB 7960 2221 12 displaced displace VBN 7960 2221 13 copper copper NN 7960 2221 14 and and CC 7960 2221 15 bronze bronze NN 7960 2221 16 . . . 7960 2222 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 2222 2 8 8 CD 7960 2222 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 2222 4 SOCIAL SOCIAL NNP 7960 2222 5 LIFE LIFE NNP 7960 2222 6 Social social JJ 7960 2222 7 life life NN 7960 2222 8 was be VBD 7960 2222 9 very very RB 7960 2222 10 simple simple JJ 7960 2222 11 . . . 7960 2223 1 Princes prince NNS 7960 2223 2 tended tend VBD 7960 2223 3 flocks flock NNS 7960 2223 4 and and CC 7960 2223 5 built build VBN 7960 2223 6 houses house NNS 7960 2223 7 ; ; : 7960 2223 8 princesses princess NNS 7960 2223 9 carried carry VBD 7960 2223 10 water water NN 7960 2223 11 and and CC 7960 2223 12 washed wash VBD 7960 2223 13 clothes clothe NNS 7960 2223 14 . . . 7960 2224 1 Agamemnon Agamemnon NNP 7960 2224 2 , , , 7960 2224 3 Odysseus Odysseus NNP 7960 2224 4 , , , 7960 2224 5 and and CC 7960 2224 6 other other JJ 7960 2224 7 heroes hero NNS 7960 2224 8 were be VBD 7960 2224 9 not not RB 7960 2224 10 ashamed ashamed JJ 7960 2224 11 to to TO 7960 2224 12 be be VB 7960 2224 13 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 2224 14 own own JJ 7960 2224 15 butchers butcher NNS 7960 2224 16 and and CC 7960 2224 17 cooks cook NNS 7960 2224 18 . . . 7960 2225 1 The the DT 7960 2225 2 Homeric Homeric NNP 7960 2225 3 knights knight NNS 7960 2225 4 did do VBD 7960 2225 5 not not RB 7960 2225 6 ride ride VB 7960 2225 7 on on IN 7960 2225 8 horseback horseback NN 7960 2225 9 , , , 7960 2225 10 but but CC 7960 2225 11 fought fight VBD 7960 2225 12 from from IN 7960 2225 13 chariots chariot NNS 7960 2225 14 . . . 7960 2226 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 2226 2 sat sit VBD 7960 2226 3 at at IN 7960 2226 4 table table NN 7960 2226 5 instead instead RB 7960 2226 6 of of IN 7960 2226 7 reclining recline VBG 7960 2226 8 at at IN 7960 2226 9 meals meal NNS 7960 2226 10 , , , 7960 2226 11 as as IN 7960 2226 12 did do VBD 7960 2226 13 the the DT 7960 2226 14 later later JJ 7960 2226 15 Greeks Greeks NNPS 7960 2226 16 . . . 7960 2227 1 Coined coined JJ 7960 2227 2 money money NN 7960 2227 3 was be VBD 7960 2227 4 unknown unknown JJ 7960 2227 5 . . . 7960 2228 1 Trade trade NN 7960 2228 2 was be VBD 7960 2228 3 by by IN 7960 2228 4 barter barter NN 7960 2228 5 , , , 7960 2228 6 values value NNS 7960 2228 7 being be VBG 7960 2228 8 reckoned reckon VBN 7960 2228 9 in in IN 7960 2228 10 oxen oxen NN 7960 2228 11 or or CC 7960 2228 12 in in IN 7960 2228 13 lumps lump NNS 7960 2228 14 of of IN 7960 2228 15 gold gold NN 7960 2228 16 and and CC 7960 2228 17 silver silver NN 7960 2228 18 . . . 7960 2229 1 Men man NNS 7960 2229 2 bought buy VBD 7960 2229 3 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 2229 4 wives wife NNS 7960 2229 5 by by IN 7960 2229 6 making make VBG 7960 2229 7 gifts gift NNS 7960 2229 8 of of IN 7960 2229 9 cattle cattle NNS 7960 2229 10 to to IN 7960 2229 11 the the DT 7960 2229 12 parents parent NNS 7960 2229 13 . . . 7960 2230 1 The the DT 7960 2230 2 art art NN 7960 2230 3 of of IN 7960 2230 4 writing writing NN 7960 2230 5 is be VBZ 7960 2230 6 mentioned mention VBN 7960 2230 7 only only RB 7960 2230 8 once once RB 7960 2230 9 in in IN 7960 2230 10 the the DT 7960 2230 11 Homeric Homeric NNP 7960 2230 12 poems poem NNS 7960 2230 13 , , , 7960 2230 14 and and CC 7960 2230 15 doubtless doubtless RB 7960 2230 16 was be VBD 7960 2230 17 little little RB 7960 2230 18 used use VBN 7960 2230 19 . . . 7960 2231 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 2231 2 Illustration illustration NN 7960 2231 3 : : : 7960 2231 4 A a DT 7960 2231 5 CRETAN cretan NN 7960 2231 6 CUPBEARER CUPBEARER NNP 7960 2231 7 ( ( -LRB- 7960 2231 8 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and CC 7960 2233 16 curly curly RB 7960 2233 17 , , , 7960 2233 18 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 2233 19 profile profile NN 7960 2233 20 is be VBZ 7960 2233 21 almost almost RB 7960 2233 22 classically classically RB 7960 2233 23 Greek greek JJ 7960 2233 24 . . . 7960 2233 25 ] ] -RRB- 7960 2234 1 LAW LAW NNP 7960 2234 2 AND and CC 7960 2234 3 MORALITY MORALITY NNP 7960 2234 4 The the DT 7960 2234 5 times time NNS 7960 2234 6 were be VBD 7960 2234 7 rude rude JJ 7960 2234 8 . . . 7960 2235 1 Wars war NNS 7960 2235 2 , , , 7960 2235 3 though though IN 7960 2235 4 petty petty JJ 7960 2235 5 , , , 7960 2235 6 were be VBD 7960 2235 7 numerous numerous JJ 7960 2235 8 and and CC 7960 2235 9 cruel cruel JJ 7960 2235 10 . . . 7960 2236 1 The the DT 7960 2236 2 vanquished vanquished JJ 7960 2236 3 suffered suffer VBN 7960 2236 4 death death NN 7960 2236 5 or or CC 7960 2236 6 slavery slavery NN 7960 2236 7 . . . 7960 2237 1 Piracy piracy NN 7960 2237 2 , , , 7960 2237 3 flourishing flourish VBG 7960 2237 4 upon upon IN 7960 2237 5 the the DT 7960 2237 6 unprotected unprotected JJ 7960 2237 7 seas sea NNS 7960 2237 8 , , , 7960 2237 9 ranked rank VBD 7960 2237 10 as as IN 7960 2237 11 an an DT 7960 2237 12 honorable honorable JJ 7960 2237 13 occupation occupation NN 7960 2237 14 . . . 7960 2238 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 2238 2 was be VBD 7960 2238 3 no no DT 7960 2238 4 insult insult NN 7960 2238 5 to to TO 7960 2238 6 inquire inquire VB 7960 2238 7 of of IN 7960 2238 8 a a DT 7960 2238 9 seafaring seafare VBG 7960 2238 10 stranger stranger NN 7960 2238 11 whether whether IN 7960 2238 12 he -PRON- PRP 7960 2238 13 was be VBD 7960 2238 14 pirate pirate NN 7960 2238 15 or or CC 7960 2238 16 merchant merchant NN 7960 2238 17 . . . 7960 2239 1 Murders murder NNS 7960 2239 2 were be VBD 7960 2239 3 frequent frequent JJ 7960 2239 4 . . . 7960 2240 1 The the DT 7960 2240 2 murderer murderer NN 7960 2240 3 had have VBD 7960 2240 4 to to TO 7960 2240 5 dread dread VB 7960 2240 6 , , , 7960 2240 7 not not RB 7960 2240 8 a a DT 7960 2240 9 public public JJ 7960 2240 10 trial trial NN 7960 2240 11 and and CC 7960 2240 12 punishment punishment NN 7960 2240 13 , , , 7960 2240 14 but but CC 7960 2240 15 rather rather RB 7960 2240 16 the the DT 7960 2240 17 personal personal JJ 7960 2240 18 vengeance vengeance NN 7960 2240 19 of of IN 7960 2240 20 the the DT 7960 2240 21 kinsmen kinsman NNS 7960 2240 22 of of IN 7960 2240 23 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 2240 24 victim victim NN 7960 2240 25 . . . 7960 2241 1 The the DT 7960 2241 2 Homeric Homeric NNP 7960 2241 3 Greeks Greeks NNPS 7960 2241 4 , , , 7960 2241 5 in in IN 7960 2241 6 fact fact NN 7960 2241 7 , , , 7960 2241 8 exhibited exhibit VBD 7960 2241 9 the the DT 7960 2241 10 usual usual JJ 7960 2241 11 defects defect NNS 7960 2241 12 and and CC 7960 2241 13 vices vice NNS 7960 2241 14 of of IN 7960 2241 15 barbarous barbarous JJ 7960 2241 16 peoples people NNS 7960 2241 17 . . . 7960 2242 1 HOMERIC homeric NN 7960 2242 2 GEOGRAPHY 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DT 7960 2244 5 earth earth NN 7960 2244 6 as as IN 7960 2244 7 a a DT 7960 2244 8 sort sort NN 7960 2244 9 of of IN 7960 2244 10 flat flat JJ 7960 2244 11 shield shield NN 7960 2244 12 , , , 7960 2244 13 with with IN 7960 2244 14 Greece Greece NNP 7960 2244 15 lying lie VBG 7960 2244 16 in in IN 7960 2244 17 the the DT 7960 2244 18 center center NN 7960 2244 19 . . . 7960 2245 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 2245 2 9 9 CD 7960 2245 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 2245 4 The the DT 7960 2245 5 Mediterranean Mediterranean NNP 7960 2245 6 , , , 7960 2245 7 " " `` 7960 2245 8 The the DT 7960 2245 9 Sea Sea NNP 7960 2245 10 , , , 7960 2245 11 " " '' 7960 2245 12 as as IN 7960 2245 13 it -PRON- PRP 7960 2245 14 is be VBZ 7960 2245 15 called call VBN 7960 2245 16 by by IN 7960 2245 17 Homer Homer NNP 7960 2245 18 , , , 7960 2245 19 and and CC 7960 2245 20 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 2245 21 continuation continuation NN 7960 2245 22 , , , 7960 2245 23 the the DT 7960 2245 24 Euxine Euxine NNP 7960 2245 25 , , , 7960 2245 26 [ [ -LRB- 7960 2245 27 10 10 CD 7960 2245 28 ] ] -RRB- 7960 2245 29 divided divide VBD 7960 2245 30 the the DT 7960 2245 31 world world NN 7960 2245 32 into into IN 7960 2245 33 two two CD 7960 2245 34 equal equal JJ 7960 2245 35 parts part NNS 7960 2245 36 . . . 7960 2246 1 Surrounding surround VBG 7960 2246 2 the the DT 7960 2246 3 earth earth NN 7960 2246 4 was be VBD 7960 2246 5 " " `` 7960 2246 6 the the DT 7960 2246 7 great great JJ 7960 2246 8 strength strength NN 7960 2246 9 of of IN 7960 2246 10 the the DT 7960 2246 11 Stream Stream NNP 7960 2246 12 of of IN 7960 2246 13 Ocean Ocean NNP 7960 2246 14 , , , 7960 2246 15 " " '' 7960 2246 16 [ [ -LRB- 7960 2246 17 11 11 CD 7960 2246 18 ] ] -RRB- 7960 2246 19 a a DT 7960 2246 20 river river NN 7960 2246 21 , , , 7960 2246 22 broad broad JJ 7960 2246 23 and and CC 7960 2246 24 deep deep JJ 7960 2246 25 , , , 7960 2246 26 beyond beyond IN 7960 2246 27 which which WDT 7960 2246 28 lay lie VBD 7960 2246 29 the the DT 7960 2246 30 dark dark 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NNP 7960 2280 12 and and CC 7960 2280 13 the the DT 7960 2280 14 gods god NNS 7960 2280 15 Pursuit Pursuit NNP 7960 2280 16 of of IN 7960 2280 17 Troilus Troilus NNP 7960 2280 18 by by IN 7960 2280 19 Achilles Achilles NNP 7960 2280 20 Animal Animal NNP 7960 2280 21 scenes scene NNS 7960 2280 22 , , , 7960 2280 23 sphinxes sphinx NNS 7960 2280 24 , , , 7960 2280 25 etc etc FW 7960 2280 26 . . . 7960 2280 27 ] ] -RRB- 7960 2281 1 IDEAS IDEAS NNP 7960 2281 2 OF of IN 7960 2281 3 THE the DT 7960 2281 4 OTHER other JJ 7960 2281 5 WORLD world NN 7960 2281 6 Greek greek JJ 7960 2281 7 ideas idea NNS 7960 2281 8 of of IN 7960 2281 9 the the DT 7960 2281 10 other other JJ 7960 2281 11 world world NN 7960 2281 12 were be VBD 7960 2281 13 dismal dismal JJ 7960 2281 14 to to IN 7960 2281 15 an an DT 7960 2281 16 extreme extreme NN 7960 2281 17 . . . 7960 2282 1 The the DT 7960 2282 2 after after IN 7960 2282 3 - - HYPH 7960 2282 4 life life NN 7960 2282 5 in in IN 7960 2282 6 Hades Hades NNP 7960 2282 7 was be VBD 7960 2282 8 believed believe VBN 7960 2282 9 to to TO 7960 2282 10 be be VB 7960 2282 11 a a DT 7960 2282 12 shadowy shadowy JJ 7960 2282 13 , , , 7960 2282 14 joyless joyless JJ 7960 2282 15 copy copy NN 7960 2282 16 of of IN 7960 2282 17 the the DT 7960 2282 18 earthly earthly JJ 7960 2282 19 existence existence NN 7960 2282 20 . . . 7960 2283 1 In in IN 7960 2283 2 Hades Hades NNP 7960 2283 3 the the DT 7960 2283 4 shade shade NN 7960 2283 5 of of IN 7960 2283 6 great great JJ 7960 2283 7 Achilles Achilles NNP 7960 2283 8 exclaims exclaim VBZ 7960 2283 9 sorrowfully sorrowfully RB 7960 2283 10 , , , 7960 2283 11 " " `` 7960 2283 12 Nay nay UH 7960 2283 13 , , , 7960 2283 14 speak speak VBP 7960 2283 15 not not RB 7960 2283 16 comfortably comfortably RB 7960 2283 17 to to IN 7960 2283 18 me -PRON- PRP 7960 2283 19 of of IN 7960 2283 20 death death NN 7960 2283 21 . . . 7960 2284 1 Rather rather RB 7960 2284 2 would would MD 7960 2284 3 I -PRON- PRP 7960 2284 4 live live VB 7960 2284 5 on on IN 7960 2284 6 earth earth NN 7960 2284 7 as as IN 7960 2284 8 the the DT 7960 2284 9 hireling hireling NN 7960 2284 10 of of IN 7960 2284 11 another another DT 7960 2284 12 , , , 7960 2284 13 even even RB 7960 2284 14 with with IN 7960 2284 15 a a DT 7960 2284 16 landless landless JJ 7960 2284 17 man man NN 7960 2284 18 who who WP 7960 2284 19 had have VBD 7960 2284 20 no no DT 7960 2284 21 great great JJ 7960 2284 22 livelihood livelihood NN 7960 2284 23 , , , 7960 2284 24 than than IN 7960 2284 25 bear bear NNP 7960 2284 26 sway sway NN 7960 2284 27 among among IN 7960 2284 28 all all PDT 7960 2284 29 the the DT 7960 2284 30 dead dead JJ 7960 2284 31 . . . 7960 2284 32 " " '' 7960 2285 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 2285 2 13 13 CD 7960 2285 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 2285 4 It -PRON- PRP 7960 2285 5 was be VBD 7960 2285 6 not not RB 7960 2285 7 until until IN 7960 2285 8 several several JJ 7960 2285 9 centuries century NNS 7960 2285 10 after after IN 7960 2285 11 Homer Homer NNP 7960 2285 12 that that IN 7960 2285 13 happier happy JJR 7960 2285 14 notions notion NNS 7960 2285 15 of of IN 7960 2285 16 the the DT 7960 2285 17 future future JJ 7960 2285 18 life life NN 7960 2285 19 were be VBD 7960 2285 20 taught teach VBN 7960 2285 21 , , , 7960 2285 22 or or CC 7960 2285 23 at at IN 7960 2285 24 least least JJS 7960 2285 25 suggested suggest VBN 7960 2285 26 , , , 7960 2285 27 in in IN 7960 2285 28 the the DT 7960 2285 29 Eleusinian eleusinian JJ 7960 2285 30 mysteries mystery NNS 7960 2285 31 . . . 7960 2286 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 2286 2 14 14 CD 7960 2286 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 2286 4 25 25 CD 7960 2286 5 . . . 7960 2287 1 RELIGIOUS religious JJ 7960 2287 2 INSTITUTIONS institution NNS 7960 2287 3 : : : 7960 2287 4 ORACLES oracle NNS 7960 2287 5 AND and CC 7960 2287 6 GAMES games NN 7960 2287 7 ORACLE ORACLE VBN 7960 2287 8 OF of IN 7960 2287 9 APOLLO APOLLO NNS 7960 2287 10 AT at IN 7960 2287 11 DELPHI DELPHI NNP 7960 2287 12 The the DT 7960 2287 13 Greeks Greeks NNPS 7960 2287 14 believed believe VBD 7960 2287 15 that that IN 7960 2287 16 communications communication NNS 7960 2287 17 from from IN 7960 2287 18 the the DT 7960 2287 19 gods god NNS 7960 2287 20 were be VBD 7960 2287 21 received receive VBN 7960 2287 22 from from IN 7960 2287 23 certain certain JJ 7960 2287 24 inspired inspired JJ 7960 2287 25 persons person NNS 7960 2287 26 at at IN 7960 2287 27 places place NNS 7960 2287 28 called call VBD 7960 2287 29 oracles oracle NNS 7960 2287 30 . . . 7960 2288 1 The the DT 7960 2288 2 oracle oracle NN 7960 2288 3 of of IN 7960 2288 4 Apollo Apollo NNP 7960 2288 5 at at IN 7960 2288 6 Delphi Delphi NNP 7960 2288 7 in in IN 7960 2288 8 Phocis Phocis NNP 7960 2288 9 enjoyed enjoy VBD 7960 2288 10 the the DT 7960 2288 11 utmost utmost JJ 7960 2288 12 veneration veneration NN 7960 2288 13 . . . 7960 2289 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 2289 2 lay lie VBD 7960 2289 3 within within IN 7960 2289 4 a a DT 7960 2289 5 deep deep JJ 7960 2289 6 cave cave NN 7960 2289 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17 and and CC 7960 2291 18 inhaled inhale VBD 7960 2291 19 the the DT 7960 2291 20 gas gas NN 7960 2291 21 . . . 7960 2292 1 The the DT 7960 2292 2 words word NNS 7960 2292 3 she -PRON- PRP 7960 2292 4 uttered utter VBD 7960 2292 5 in in IN 7960 2292 6 delirium delirium NN 7960 2292 7 were be VBD 7960 2292 8 supposed suppose VBN 7960 2292 9 to to TO 7960 2292 10 come come VB 7960 2292 11 from from IN 7960 2292 12 the the DT 7960 2292 13 god god NNP 7960 2292 14 . . . 7960 2293 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 2293 2 were be VBD 7960 2293 3 taken take VBN 7960 2293 4 down down RP 7960 2293 5 by by IN 7960 2293 6 the the DT 7960 2293 7 attendant attendant JJ 7960 2293 8 priests priest NNS 7960 2293 9 , , , 7960 2293 10 written write VBN 7960 2293 11 out out RP 7960 2293 12 in in IN 7960 2293 13 verse verse NN 7960 2293 14 , , , 7960 2293 15 and and CC 7960 2293 16 delivered deliver VBN 7960 2293 17 to to IN 7960 2293 18 the the DT 7960 2293 19 suppliants suppliant NNS 7960 2293 20 . . . 7960 2294 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7960 2296 1 Sick sick JJ 7960 2296 2 men man NNS 7960 2296 3 prayed pray VBD 7960 2296 4 for for IN 7960 2296 5 health health NN 7960 2296 6 , , , 7960 2296 7 childless childless NN 7960 2296 8 men man NNS 7960 2296 9 prayed pray VBD 7960 2296 10 for for IN 7960 2296 11 offspring offspring NN 7960 2296 12 . . . 7960 2297 1 Statesmen Statesmen NNP 7960 2297 2 wished wish VBD 7960 2297 3 to to TO 7960 2297 4 learn learn VB 7960 2297 5 the the DT 7960 2297 6 fate fate NN 7960 2297 7 of of IN 7960 2297 8 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 2297 9 political political JJ 7960 2297 10 schemes scheme NNS 7960 2297 11 ; ; : 7960 2297 12 ambassadors ambassador NNS 7960 2297 13 sent send VBN 7960 2297 14 by by IN 7960 2297 15 kings king NNS 7960 2297 16 and and CC 7960 2297 17 cities city NNS 7960 2297 18 sought seek VBD 7960 2297 19 advice advice NN 7960 2297 20 as as IN 7960 2297 21 to to IN 7960 2297 22 weighty weighty JJ 7960 2297 23 matters matter NNS 7960 2297 24 of of IN 7960 2297 25 peace peace NN 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pound NNS 7960 2316 9 , , , 7960 2316 10 was be VBD 7960 2316 11 sometimes sometimes RB 7960 2316 12 hurled hurl VBN 7960 2316 13 more more JJR 7960 2316 14 than than IN 7960 2316 15 one one CD 7960 2316 16 hundred hundred CD 7960 2316 17 feet foot NNS 7960 2316 18 . . . 7960 2317 1 The the DT 7960 2317 2 javelin javelin NN 7960 2317 3 was be VBD 7960 2317 4 thrown throw VBN 7960 2317 5 either either CC 7960 2317 6 by by IN 7960 2317 7 the the DT 7960 2317 8 hand hand NN 7960 2317 9 alone alone RB 7960 2317 10 or or CC 7960 2317 11 with with IN 7960 2317 12 the the DT 7960 2317 13 help help NN 7960 2317 14 of of IN 7960 2317 15 a a DT 7960 2317 16 thong thong NN 7960 2317 17 wound wound NN 7960 2317 18 about about IN 7960 2317 19 the the DT 7960 2317 20 shaft shaft NN 7960 2317 21 and and CC 7960 2317 22 held hold VBN 7960 2317 23 in in IN 7960 2317 24 the the DT 7960 2317 25 fingers finger NNS 7960 2317 26 . . . 7960 2318 1 In in IN 7960 2318 2 wrestling wrestling NN 7960 2318 3 , , , 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NNP 7960 2378 9 ) ) -RRB- 7960 2379 1 SPARTA SPARTA NNS 7960 2379 2 AND and CC 7960 2379 3 THE the DT 7960 2379 4 PELOPONNESIAN PELOPONNESIAN NNP 7960 2379 5 LEAGUE LEAGUE VBD 7960 2379 6 The the DT 7960 2379 7 Greek greek JJ 7960 2379 8 invaders invader NNS 7960 2379 9 who who WP 7960 2379 10 entered enter VBD 7960 2379 11 southern southern JJ 7960 2379 12 Greece Greece NNP 7960 2379 13 , , , 7960 2379 14 or or CC 7960 2379 15 the the DT 7960 2379 16 Peloponnesus Peloponnesus NNP 7960 2379 17 , , , 7960 2379 18 [ [ -LRB- 7960 2379 19 21 21 CD 7960 2379 20 ] ] -RRB- 7960 2379 21 were be VBD 7960 2379 22 known know VBN 7960 2379 23 as as IN 7960 2379 24 Dorians Dorians NNPS 7960 2379 25 . . . 7960 2380 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 2380 2 founded found VBD 7960 2380 3 the the DT 7960 2380 4 city city NN 7960 2380 5 of of IN 7960 2380 6 Sparta Sparta NNP 7960 2380 7 , , , 7960 2380 8 in in IN 7960 2380 9 the the DT 7960 2380 10 district district NN 7960 2380 11 of of IN 7960 2380 12 Laconia Laconia NNP 7960 2380 13 . . . 7960 2381 1 By by IN 7960 2381 2 the the DT 7960 2381 3 close close NN 7960 2381 4 of of IN 7960 2381 5 the the DT 7960 2381 6 sixth sixth JJ 7960 2381 7 century century NN 7960 2381 8 B.C. 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NNP 7960 2382 1 the the DT 7960 2382 2 Spartans Spartans NNPS 7960 2382 3 were be VBD 7960 2382 4 able able JJ 7960 2382 5 to to TO 7960 2382 6 conquer conquer VB 7960 2382 7 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 2382 8 immediate immediate JJ 7960 2382 9 neighbors neighbor NNS 7960 2382 10 and and CC 7960 2382 11 to to TO 7960 2382 12 organize organize VB 7960 2382 13 some some DT 7960 2382 14 of of IN 7960 2382 15 the the DT 7960 2382 16 city city NN 7960 2382 17 - - HYPH 7960 2382 18 states state NNS 7960 2382 19 of of IN 7960 2382 20 the the DT 7960 2382 21 Peloponnesus Peloponnesus NNP 7960 2382 22 into into IN 7960 2382 23 a a DT 7960 2382 24 strong strong JJ 7960 2382 25 confederacy confederacy NN 7960 2382 26 called call VBN 7960 2382 27 the the DT 7960 2382 28 Peloponnesian Peloponnesian NNP 7960 2382 29 League League NNP 7960 2382 30 . . . 7960 2383 1 The the DT 7960 2383 2 members member NNS 7960 2383 3 of of IN 7960 2383 4 the the DT 7960 2383 5 league league NN 7960 2383 6 did do VBD 7960 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2386 18 was be VBD 7960 2386 19 passed pass VBN 7960 2386 20 in in IN 7960 2386 21 war war NN 7960 2386 22 and and CC 7960 2386 23 in in IN 7960 2386 24 preparation preparation NN 7960 2386 25 for for IN 7960 2386 26 war war NN 7960 2386 27 . . . 7960 2387 1 The the DT 7960 2387 2 Spartans Spartans NNPS 7960 2387 3 were be VBD 7960 2387 4 able able JJ 7960 2387 5 to to TO 7960 2387 6 devote devote VB 7960 2387 7 themselves -PRON- PRP 7960 2387 8 to to IN 7960 2387 9 martial martial JJ 7960 2387 10 pursuits pursuit NNS 7960 2387 11 because because IN 7960 2387 12 they -PRON- PRP 7960 2387 13 possessed possess VBD 7960 2387 14 a a DT 7960 2387 15 large large JJ 7960 2387 16 number number NN 7960 2387 17 of of IN 7960 2387 18 serfs serf NNS 7960 2387 19 , , , 7960 2387 20 called call VBN 7960 2387 21 helots helot NNS 7960 2387 22 . . . 7960 2388 1 The the DT 7960 2388 2 helots helot NNS 7960 2388 3 tilled till VBD 7960 2388 4 the the DT 7960 2388 5 lands land NNS 7960 2388 6 of of IN 7960 2388 7 the the DT 7960 2388 8 Spartans Spartans NNPS 7960 2388 9 and and CC 7960 2388 10 gave give VBD 7960 2388 11 up up RP 7960 2388 12 to to IN 7960 2388 13 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 2388 14 masters master NNS 7960 2388 15 the the DT 7960 2388 16 entire entire JJ 7960 2388 17 product product NN 7960 2388 18 of of IN 7960 2388 19 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 2388 20 labor labor NN 7960 2388 21 , , , 7960 2388 22 except except IN 7960 2388 23 what what WP 7960 2388 24 was be VBD 7960 2388 25 necessary necessary JJ 7960 2388 26 for for IN 7960 2388 27 a a DT 7960 2388 28 bare bare JJ 7960 2388 29 subsistence subsistence NN 7960 2388 30 . . . 7960 2389 1 GOVERNMENT GOVERNMENT NNP 7960 2389 2 OF of IN 7960 2389 3 SPARTA sparta JJ 7960 2389 4 Spartan spartan JJ 7960 2389 5 government government NN 7960 2389 6 also also RB 7960 2389 7 had have VBD 7960 2389 8 a a DT 7960 2389 9 military military JJ 7960 2389 10 character character NN 7960 2389 11 . . . 7960 2390 1 In in IN 7960 2390 2 form form NN 7960 2390 3 the the DT 7960 2390 4 state state NN 7960 2390 5 was be VBD 7960 2390 6 a a DT 7960 2390 7 kingdom kingdom NN 7960 2390 8 , , , 7960 2390 9 but but CC 7960 2390 10 since since IN 7960 2390 11 there there EX 7960 2390 12 were be VBD 7960 2390 13 always always RB 7960 2390 14 two two CD 7960 2390 15 kings king NNS 7960 2390 16 reigning reign VBG 7960 2390 17 at at IN 7960 2390 18 once once RB 7960 2390 19 and and CC 7960 2390 20 enjoying enjoy VBG 7960 2390 21 equal equal JJ 7960 2390 22 authority authority NN 7960 2390 23 , , , 7960 2390 24 neither neither DT 7960 2390 25 of of IN 7960 2390 26 them -PRON- PRP 7960 2390 27 could could MD 7960 2390 28 become become VB 7960 2390 29 very very RB 7960 2390 30 powerful powerful JJ 7960 2390 31 . . . 7960 2391 1 The the DT 7960 2391 2 real real JJ 7960 2391 3 management management NN 7960 2391 4 of of IN 7960 2391 5 public public JJ 7960 2391 6 affairs affair NNS 7960 2391 7 lay lie VBD 7960 2391 8 in in IN 7960 2391 9 the the DT 7960 2391 10 hands hand NNS 7960 2391 11 of of IN 7960 2391 12 five five CD 7960 2391 13 men man NNS 7960 2391 14 , , , 7960 2391 15 known know VBN 7960 2391 16 as as IN 7960 2391 17 ephors ephor NNS 7960 2391 18 , , , 7960 2391 19 who who WP 7960 2391 20 were be VBD 7960 2391 21 elected elect VBN 7960 2391 22 every every DT 7960 2391 23 year year NN 7960 2391 24 by by IN 7960 2391 25 the the DT 7960 2391 26 popular popular NNP 7960 2391 27 assembly assembly NN 7960 2391 28 . . . 7960 2392 1 The the DT 7960 2392 2 ephors ephor NNS 7960 2392 3 accompanied accompany VBD 7960 2392 4 the the DT 7960 2392 5 kings king NNS 7960 2392 6 in in IN 7960 2392 7 war war NN 7960 2392 8 and and CC 7960 2392 9 directed direct VBD 7960 2392 10 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 2392 11 actions action NNS 7960 2392 12 ; ; , 7960 2392 13 guided guide VBD 7960 2392 14 the the DT 7960 2392 15 deliberations deliberation NNS 7960 2392 16 of of IN 7960 2392 17 the the DT 7960 2392 18 council council NNP 7960 2392 19 of of IN 7960 2392 20 nobles nobles NNP 7960 2392 21 and and CC 7960 2392 22 the the DT 7960 2392 23 assembly assembly NN 7960 2392 24 of of IN 7960 2392 25 freemen freeman NNS 7960 2392 26 ; ; , 7960 2392 27 superintended superintend VBD 7960 2392 28 the the DT 7960 2392 29 education education NN 7960 2392 30 of of IN 7960 2392 31 children child NNS 7960 2392 32 ; ; : 7960 2392 33 and and CC 7960 2392 34 exercised exercise VBD 7960 2392 35 a a DT 7960 2392 36 general general JJ 7960 2392 37 oversight oversight NN 7960 2392 38 of of IN 7960 2392 39 the the DT 7960 2392 40 private private JJ 7960 2392 41 life life NN 7960 2392 42 of of IN 7960 2392 43 citizens citizen NNS 7960 2392 44 . . . 7960 2393 1 The the DT 7960 2393 2 ephors ephor NNS 7960 2393 3 had have VBD 7960 2393 4 such such JJ 7960 2393 5 absolute absolute JJ 7960 2393 6 control control NN 7960 2393 7 over over IN 7960 2393 8 the the DT 7960 2393 9 lives life NNS 7960 2393 10 and and CC 7960 2393 11 property property NN 7960 2393 12 of of IN 7960 2393 13 the the DT 7960 2393 14 Spartans Spartans NNPS 7960 2393 15 that that IN 7960 2393 16 we -PRON- PRP 7960 2393 17 may may MD 7960 2393 18 describe describe VB 7960 2393 19 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 2393 20 rule rule NN 7960 2393 21 as as IN 7960 2393 22 socialistic socialistic JJ 7960 2393 23 and and CC 7960 2393 24 select select VB 7960 2393 25 Sparta Sparta NNP 7960 2393 26 as as IN 7960 2393 27 an an DT 7960 2393 28 example example NN 7960 2393 29 of of IN 7960 2393 30 ancient ancient JJ 7960 2393 31 state state NN 7960 2393 32 socialism socialism NN 7960 2393 33 . . . 7960 2394 1 Nowhere nowhere RB 7960 2394 2 else else RB 7960 2394 3 in in IN 7960 2394 4 the the DT 7960 2394 5 Greek greek JJ 7960 2394 6 world world NN 7960 2394 7 was be VBD 7960 2394 8 the the DT 7960 2394 9 welfare welfare NN 7960 2394 10 of of IN 7960 2394 11 the the DT 7960 2394 12 individual individual JJ 7960 2394 13 man man NN 7960 2394 14 so so RB 7960 2394 15 thoroughly thoroughly 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2396 6 first first JJ 7960 2396 7 essential essential NN 7960 2396 8 . . . 7960 2397 1 A a DT 7960 2397 2 father father NN 7960 2397 3 was be VBD 7960 2397 4 required require VBN 7960 2397 5 to to TO 7960 2397 6 submit submit VB 7960 2397 7 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 2397 8 son son NN 7960 2397 9 , , , 7960 2397 10 soon soon RB 7960 2397 11 after after IN 7960 2397 12 birth birth NN 7960 2397 13 , , , 7960 2397 14 to to IN 7960 2397 15 an an DT 7960 2397 16 inspection inspection NN 7960 2397 17 by by IN 7960 2397 18 the the DT 7960 2397 19 elders elder NNS 7960 2397 20 of of IN 7960 2397 21 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 2397 22 tribe tribe NN 7960 2397 23 . . . 7960 2398 1 If if IN 7960 2398 2 they -PRON- PRP 7960 2398 3 found find VBD 7960 2398 4 the the DT 7960 2398 5 child child NN 7960 2398 6 puny puny JJ 7960 2398 7 or or CC 7960 2398 8 ill ill RB 7960 2398 9 - - HYPH 7960 2398 10 shaped shaped JJ 7960 2398 11 , , , 7960 2398 12 they -PRON- PRP 7960 2398 13 ordered order VBD 7960 2398 14 it 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7960 2407 12 than than IN 7960 2407 13 utter utter VB 7960 2407 14 a a DT 7960 2407 15 cry cry NN 7960 2407 16 . . . 7960 2408 1 Such such JJ 7960 2408 2 ordeals ordeal NNS 7960 2408 3 are be VBP 7960 2408 4 still still RB 7960 2408 5 a a DT 7960 2408 6 feature feature NN 7960 2408 7 of of IN 7960 2408 8 savage savage JJ 7960 2408 9 life life NN 7960 2408 10 to to IN 7960 2408 11 - - HYPH 7960 2408 12 day day NN 7960 2408 13 . . . 7960 2409 1 THE the DT 7960 2409 2 ADULT ADULT NNP 7960 2409 3 SPARTAN SPARTAN VBN 7960 2409 4 On on IN 7960 2409 5 reaching reach VBG 7960 2409 6 the the DT 7960 2409 7 age age NN 7960 2409 8 of of IN 7960 2409 9 twenty twenty CD 7960 2409 10 the the DT 7960 2409 11 youth youth NN 7960 2409 12 was be VBD 7960 2409 13 considered consider VBN 7960 2409 14 a a DT 7960 2409 15 warrior warrior NN 7960 2409 16 . . . 7960 2410 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 2410 2 did do VBD 7960 2410 3 not not RB 7960 2410 4 live live VB 7960 2410 5 at at IN 7960 2410 6 home home NN 7960 2410 7 , , , 7960 2410 8 but but CC 7960 2410 9 passed pass VBD 7960 2410 10 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 2410 11 time time NN 7960 2410 12 in in IN 7960 2410 13 barracks barrack NNS 7960 2410 14 , , , 7960 2410 15 as as IN 7960 2410 16 a a DT 7960 2410 17 member member NN 7960 2410 18 of of IN 7960 2410 19 a a DT 7960 2410 20 military military JJ 7960 2410 21 mess mess NN 7960 2410 22 to to TO 7960 2410 23 which which WDT 7960 2410 24 he -PRON- PRP 7960 2410 25 contributed contribute VBD 7960 2410 26 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 2410 27 proper proper JJ 7960 2410 28 share share NN 7960 2410 29 of of IN 7960 2410 30 food food NN 7960 2410 31 , , , 7960 2410 32 wine wine NN 7960 2410 33 , , , 7960 2410 34 and and CC 7960 2410 35 money money NN 7960 2410 36 . . . 7960 2411 1 At at IN 7960 2411 2 the the DT 7960 2411 3 age age NN 7960 2411 4 of of IN 7960 2411 5 thirty thirty CD 7960 2411 6 years year NNS 7960 2411 7 the the DT 7960 2411 8 young young JJ 7960 2411 9 Spartan Spartan NNP 7960 2411 10 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SPARTAN SPARTAN NNP 7960 2415 5 SOLDIERY SOLDIERY NNP 7960 2415 6 This this DT 7960 2415 7 exclusive exclusive JJ 7960 2415 8 devotion devotion NN 7960 2415 9 to to IN 7960 2415 10 military military JJ 7960 2415 11 pursuits pursuit NNS 7960 2415 12 accomplished accomplish VBD 7960 2415 13 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 2415 14 object object NN 7960 2415 15 . . . 7960 2416 1 The the DT 7960 2416 2 Spartans Spartans NNPS 7960 2416 3 became become VBD 7960 2416 4 the the DT 7960 2416 5 finest fine JJS 7960 2416 6 soldiers soldier NNS 7960 2416 7 of of IN 7960 2416 8 antiquity antiquity NN 7960 2416 9 . . . 7960 2417 1 " " `` 7960 2417 2 All all PDT 7960 2417 3 the the DT 7960 2417 4 rest rest NN 7960 2417 5 of of IN 7960 2417 6 the the DT 7960 2417 7 Greeks Greeks NNPS 7960 2417 8 , , , 7960 2417 9 " " '' 7960 2417 10 says say VBZ 7960 2417 11 an an DT 7960 2417 12 ancient ancient JJ 7960 2417 13 writer writer NN 7960 2417 14 , , , 7960 2417 15 " " `` 7960 2417 16 are be VBP 7960 2417 17 amateurs amateur NNS 7960 2417 18 ; ; : 7960 2417 19 the the DT 7960 2417 20 Spartans Spartans NNPS 7960 2417 21 are be VBP 7960 2417 22 professionals professional NNS 7960 2417 23 in in IN 7960 2417 24 the the DT 7960 2417 25 conduct conduct NN 7960 2417 26 of of IN 7960 2417 27 war war NN 7960 2417 28 . . . 7960 2417 29 " " '' 7960 2418 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 2418 2 22 22 CD 7960 2418 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 2418 4 Though Though NNP 7960 2418 5 Sparta Sparta NNP 7960 2418 6 never never RB 7960 2418 7 produced produce VBD 7960 2418 8 great great JJ 7960 2418 9 thinkers thinker NNS 7960 2418 10 , , , 7960 2418 11 poets poet NNS 7960 2418 12 or or CC 7960 2418 13 artists artist NNS 7960 2418 14 , , , 7960 2418 15 her -PRON- PRP$ 7960 2418 16 military military JJ 7960 2418 17 strength strength NN 7960 2418 18 made make VBD 7960 2418 19 her -PRON- PRP 7960 2418 20 the the DT 7960 2418 21 bulwark bulwark NN 7960 2418 22 of of IN 7960 2418 23 Greece Greece NNP 7960 2418 24 against against IN 7960 2418 25 foreign 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NNP 7960 2434 1 After after IN 7960 2434 2 much much JJ 7960 2434 3 agitation agitation NN 7960 2434 4 an an DT 7960 2434 5 Athenian Athenian NNP 7960 2434 6 named name VBN 7960 2434 7 Draco Draco NNP 7960 2434 8 was be VBD 7960 2434 9 employed employ VBN 7960 2434 10 to to TO 7960 2434 11 write write VB 7960 2434 12 out out RP 7960 2434 13 a a DT 7960 2434 14 code code NN 7960 2434 15 for for IN 7960 2434 16 the the DT 7960 2434 17 state state NN 7960 2434 18 . . . 7960 2435 1 The the DT 7960 2435 2 laws law NNS 7960 2435 3 , , , 7960 2435 4 as as IN 7960 2435 5 published publish VBN 7960 2435 6 , , , 7960 2435 7 were be VBD 7960 2435 8 very very RB 7960 2435 9 severe severe JJ 7960 2435 10 . . . 7960 2436 1 The the DT 7960 2436 2 penalty penalty NN 7960 2436 3 for for IN 7960 2436 4 most most JJS 7960 2436 5 offenses offense NNS 7960 2436 6 , , , 7960 2436 7 even even RB 7960 2436 8 the the DT 7960 2436 9 smallest small JJS 7960 2436 10 theft theft NN 7960 2436 11 , , , 7960 2436 12 was be VBD 7960 2436 13 death death NN 7960 2436 14 . . . 7960 2437 1 The the DT 7960 2437 2 Athenians Athenians NNPS 7960 2437 3 used use VBD 7960 2437 4 to to TO 7960 2437 5 declare declare VB 7960 2437 6 that that IN 7960 2437 7 the the DT 7960 2437 8 Draconian draconian JJ 7960 2437 9 code code NN 7960 2437 10 had have VBD 7960 2437 11 been be VBN 7960 2437 12 written write VBN 7960 2437 13 , , , 7960 2437 14 " " '' 7960 2437 15 not not RB 7960 2437 16 in in IN 7960 2437 17 ink ink NN 7960 2437 18 , , , 7960 2437 19 but but CC 7960 2437 20 in in IN 7960 2437 21 blood blood NN 7960 2437 22 . . . 7960 2437 23 " " '' 7960 2438 1 Its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 2438 2 publication publication NN 7960 2438 3 , , , 7960 2438 4 however however RB 7960 2438 5 , , , 7960 2438 6 was be VBD 7960 2438 7 a a DT 7960 2438 8 popular popular JJ 7960 2438 9 triumph triumph NN 7960 2438 10 and and CC 7960 2438 11 the the DT 7960 2438 12 first first JJ 7960 2438 13 step step NN 7960 2438 14 toward toward IN 7960 2438 15 the the DT 7960 2438 16 establishment establishment NN 7960 2438 17 of of IN 7960 2438 18 Athenian athenian JJ 7960 2438 19 democracy democracy NN 7960 2438 20 . . . 7960 2439 1 LEGISLATION legislation NN 7960 2439 2 OF of IN 7960 2439 3 SOLON SOLON NNP 7960 2439 4 , , , 7960 2439 5 594 594 CD 7960 2439 6 - - SYM 7960 2439 7 593 593 CD 7960 2439 8 B.C. 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DT 7960 2529 11 bond bond NN 7960 2529 12 of of IN 7960 2529 13 union union NN 7960 2529 14 . . . 7960 2530 1 Everywhere everywhere RB 7960 2530 2 the the DT 7960 2530 3 Greeks Greeks NNPS 7960 2530 4 worshiped worship VBD 7960 2530 5 the the DT 7960 2530 6 same same JJ 7960 2530 7 gods god NNS 7960 2530 8 and and CC 7960 2530 9 performed perform VBD 7960 2530 10 the the DT 7960 2530 11 same same JJ 7960 2530 12 sacred sacred JJ 7960 2530 13 rites rite NNS 7960 2530 14 . . . 7960 2531 1 Religious religious JJ 7960 2531 2 influences influence NNS 7960 2531 3 were be VBD 7960 2531 4 sometimes sometimes RB 7960 2531 5 strong strong JJ 7960 2531 6 enough enough RB 7960 2531 7 to to TO 7960 2531 8 bring bring VB 7960 2531 9 about about RP 7960 2531 10 federations federation NNS 7960 2531 11 known know VBN 7960 2531 12 as as IN 7960 2531 13 amphictyonies amphictyony NNS 7960 2531 14 , , , 7960 2531 15 or or CC 7960 2531 16 leagues league NNS 7960 2531 17 of of IN 7960 2531 18 neighbors 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2533 12 . . . 7960 2534 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 2534 2 included include VBD 7960 2534 3 twelve twelve CD 7960 2534 4 tribes tribe NNS 7960 2534 5 and and CC 7960 2534 6 cities city NNS 7960 2534 7 of of IN 7960 2534 8 central central JJ 7960 2534 9 Greece Greece NNP 7960 2534 10 and and CC 7960 2534 11 Thessaly Thessaly NNP 7960 2534 12 . . . 7960 2535 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 2535 2 established establish VBD 7960 2535 3 a a DT 7960 2535 4 council council NN 7960 2535 5 , , , 7960 2535 6 which which WDT 7960 2535 7 took take VBD 7960 2535 8 the the DT 7960 2535 9 shrine shrine NN 7960 2535 10 of of IN 7960 2535 11 Apollo Apollo NNP 7960 2535 12 under under IN 7960 2535 13 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 2535 14 protection protection NN 7960 2535 15 and and CC 7960 2535 16 superintended superintend VBD 7960 2535 17 the the DT 7960 2535 18 athletic athletic JJ 7960 2535 19 games game NNS 7960 2535 20 at at IN 7960 2535 21 Delphi Delphi NNP 7960 2535 22 . . . 7960 2536 1 A a DT 7960 2536 2 NEW NEW NNP 7960 2536 3 AGE age NN 7960 2536 4 The the DT 7960 2536 5 seventh seventh JJ 7960 2536 6 and and CC 7960 2536 7 sixth sixth JJ 7960 2536 8 centuries century NNS 7960 2536 9 before before IN 7960 2536 10 Christ Christ NNP 7960 2536 11 form form VBP 7960 2536 12 a a DT 7960 2536 13 noteworthy noteworthy JJ 7960 2536 14 epoch epoch NN 7960 2536 15 in in IN 7960 2536 16 Greek greek JJ 7960 2536 17 history history NN 7960 2536 18 . . . 7960 2537 1 Commerce commerce NN 7960 2537 2 and and CC 7960 2537 3 colonization colonization NN 7960 2537 4 were be VBD 7960 2537 5 bringing bring VBG 7960 2537 6 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 2537 7 educating educate VBG 7960 2537 8 influence influence NN 7960 2537 9 to to TO 7960 2537 10 bear bear VB 7960 2537 11 upon upon IN 7960 2537 12 the the DT 7960 2537 13 Greeks Greeks NNPS 7960 2537 14 . . . 7960 2538 1 Hellenic hellenic JJ 7960 2538 2 cities city NNS 7960 2538 3 were be VBD 7960 2538 4 rising rise VBG 7960 2538 5 everywhere everywhere RB 7960 2538 6 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2540 5 500 500 CD 7960 2540 6 B.C. 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. . 7960 2547 1 Why why WRB 7960 2547 2 was be VBD 7960 2547 3 Europe Europe NNP 7960 2547 4 better well RBR 7960 2547 5 fitted fit VBD 7960 2547 6 than than IN 7960 2547 7 Asia Asia NNP 7960 2547 8 to to TO 7960 2547 9 develop develop VB 7960 2547 10 the the DT 7960 2547 11 highest high JJS 7960 2547 12 civilization civilization NN 7960 2547 13 ? ? . 7960 2548 1 Why why WRB 7960 2548 2 not not RB 7960 2548 3 so so RB 7960 2548 4 well well RB 7960 2548 5 fitted fit VBN 7960 2548 6 as as IN 7960 2548 7 Asia Asia NNP 7960 2548 8 to to TO 7960 2548 9 originate originate VB 7960 2548 10 civilization civilization NN 7960 2548 11 ? ? . 7960 2549 1 3 3 LS 7960 2549 2 . . . 7960 2550 1 " " `` 7960 2550 2 The the DT 7960 2550 3 tendency tendency NN 7960 2550 4 of of IN 7960 2550 5 mountains mountain NNS 7960 2550 6 is be VBZ 7960 2550 7 to to TO 7960 2550 8 separate separate VB 7960 2550 9 , , , 7960 2550 10 of of IN 7960 2550 11 rivers river NNS 7960 2550 12 to to TO 7960 2550 13 unite unite 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7960 2555 6 of of IN 7960 2555 7 the the DT 7960 2555 8 natural natural JJ 7960 2555 9 entrances entrance NNS 7960 2555 10 into into IN 7960 2555 11 the the DT 7960 2555 12 basin basin NN 7960 2555 13 of of IN 7960 2555 14 the the DT 7960 2555 15 Mediterranean Mediterranean NNP 7960 2555 16 . . . 7960 2556 1 6 6 CD 7960 2556 2 . . . 7960 2557 1 At at IN 7960 2557 2 what what WDT 7960 2557 3 points point NNS 7960 2557 4 is be VBZ 7960 2557 5 it -PRON- PRP 7960 2557 6 probable probable JJ 7960 2557 7 that that IN 7960 2557 8 southern southern JJ 7960 2557 9 Europe Europe NNP 7960 2557 10 and and CC 7960 2557 11 northern northern JJ 7960 2557 12 Africa Africa NNP 7960 2557 13 were be VBD 7960 2557 14 once once RB 7960 2557 15 united united JJ 7960 2557 16 ? ? . 7960 2558 1 7 7 LS 7960 2558 2 . . . 7960 2559 1 Compare compare VB 7960 2559 2 the the DT 7960 2559 3 position position NN 7960 2559 4 of of IN 7960 2559 5 Crete Crete NNP 7960 2559 6 in in IN 7960 2559 7 relation relation NN 7960 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country NNS 7960 2563 4 are be VBP 7960 2563 5 included include VBN 7960 2563 6 within within IN 7960 2563 7 the the DT 7960 2563 8 limits limit NNS 7960 2563 9 of of IN 7960 2563 10 the the DT 7960 2563 11 Balkan balkan JJ 7960 2563 12 peninsula peninsula NN 7960 2563 13 ? ? . 7960 2564 1 10 10 CD 7960 2564 2 . . . 7960 2565 1 Describe describe VB 7960 2565 2 the the DT 7960 2565 3 island island NN 7960 2565 4 routes route VBZ 7960 2565 5 across across IN 7960 2565 6 the the DT 7960 2565 7 Aegean Aegean NNP 7960 2565 8 ( ( -LRB- 7960 2565 9 map map NN 7960 2565 10 between between IN 7960 2565 11 pages page NNS 7960 2565 12 68- 68- $ 7960 2565 13 69 69 CD 7960 2565 14 ) ) -RRB- 7960 2565 15 . . . 7960 2566 1 11 11 CD 7960 2566 2 . . . 7960 2567 1 What what WP 7960 2567 2 American american JJ 7960 2567 3 states state NNS 7960 2567 4 lie lie VBP 7960 2567 5 in in IN 7960 2567 6 about about IN 7960 2567 7 the the DT 7960 2567 8 same same JJ 7960 2567 9 latitude latitude NN 7960 2567 10 as as IN 7960 2567 11 Greece Greece NNP 7960 2567 12 ? ? . 7960 2568 1 12 12 CD 7960 2568 2 . . . 7960 2569 1 Compare compare VB 7960 2569 2 the the DT 7960 2569 3 boundaries boundary NNS 7960 2569 4 of of IN 7960 2569 5 ancient ancient JJ 7960 2569 6 Greece Greece NNP 7960 2569 7 with with IN 7960 2569 8 those those DT 7960 2569 9 of of IN 7960 2569 10 the the DT 7960 2569 11 modern modern JJ 7960 2569 12 kingdom kingdom NN 7960 2569 13 . . . 7960 2570 1 13 13 CD 7960 2570 2 . . . 7960 2571 1 What what WP 7960 2571 2 European european JJ 7960 2571 3 countries country NNS 7960 2571 4 in in IN 7960 2571 5 physical physical JJ 7960 2571 6 features feature NNS 7960 2571 7 closely closely RB 7960 2571 8 resemble resemble JJ 7960 2571 9 Greece Greece NNP 7960 2571 10 ? ? . 7960 2572 1 What what WDT 7960 2572 2 state state NN 7960 2572 3 of of IN 7960 2572 4 our -PRON- PRP$ 7960 2572 5 union union NN 7960 2572 6 ? ? . 7960 2573 1 14 14 CD 7960 2573 2 . . . 7960 2574 1 Why why WRB 7960 2574 2 is be VBZ 7960 2574 3 Greece Greece NNP 7960 2574 4 in in IN 7960 2574 5 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 2574 6 physical physical JJ 7960 2574 7 aspects aspect NNS 7960 2574 8 " " '' 7960 2574 9 the the DT 7960 2574 10 most most RBS 7960 2574 11 European european JJ 7960 2574 12 of of IN 7960 2574 13 European european JJ 7960 2574 14 lands land NNS 7960 2574 15 " " '' 7960 2574 16 ? ? . 7960 2575 1 15 15 CD 7960 2575 2 . . . 7960 2576 1 What what WDT 7960 2576 2 countries country NNS 7960 2576 3 of of IN 7960 2576 4 Greece Greece NNP 7960 2576 5 did do VBD 7960 2576 6 not not RB 7960 2576 7 touch touch VB 7960 2576 8 the the DT 7960 2576 9 sea sea NN 7960 2576 10 ? ? . 7960 2577 1 16 16 CD 7960 2577 2 . . . 7960 2578 1 Tell tell VB 7960 2578 2 the the DT 7960 2578 3 story story NN 7960 2578 4 of of IN 7960 2578 5 the the DT 7960 2578 6 _ _ NNP 7960 2578 7 Iliad Iliad NNP 7960 2578 8 _ _ NNP 7960 2578 9 and and CC 7960 2578 10 of of IN 7960 2578 11 the the DT 7960 2578 12 _ _ NNP 7960 2578 13 Odyssey Odyssey NNP 7960 2578 14 _ _ NNP 7960 2578 15 . . . 7960 2579 1 17 17 CD 7960 2579 2 . . . 7960 2580 1 Explain explain VB 7960 2580 2 the the DT 7960 2580 3 following follow VBG 7960 2580 4 terms term NNS 7960 2580 5 : : : 7960 2580 6 oracle oracle NNP 7960 2580 7 ; ; : 7960 2580 8 amphictyony amphictyony NN 7960 2580 9 ; ; : 7960 2580 10 helot helot NNP 7960 2580 11 ; ; : 7960 2580 12 Hellas Hellas NNP 7960 2580 13 ; ; : 7960 2580 14 Olympiad Olympiad NNP 7960 2580 15 ; ; : 7960 2580 16 and and CC 7960 2580 17 ephors ephor NNS 7960 2580 18 . . . 7960 2581 1 18 18 CD 7960 2581 2 . . . 7960 2582 1 Give give VB 7960 2582 2 the the DT 7960 2582 3 meaning meaning NN 7960 2582 4 of of IN 7960 2582 5 our -PRON- PRP$ 7960 2582 6 English english JJ 7960 2582 7 words word NNS 7960 2582 8 " " `` 7960 2582 9 ostracism ostracism NN 7960 2582 10 " " '' 7960 2582 11 and and CC 7960 2582 12 " " `` 7960 2582 13 oracular oracular JJ 7960 2582 14 . . . 7960 2582 15 " " '' 7960 2583 1 19 19 CD 7960 2583 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VBN 7960 2586 9 Olympiad Olympiad NNP 7960 2586 10 ? ? . 7960 2587 1 of of IN 7960 2587 2 the the DT 7960 2587 3 expulsion expulsion NN 7960 2587 4 of of IN 7960 2587 5 the the DT 7960 2587 6 last last JJ 7960 2587 7 tyrant tyrant NN 7960 2587 8 of of IN 7960 2587 9 Athens Athens NNP 7960 2587 10 ? ? . 7960 2588 1 21 21 CD 7960 2588 2 . . . 7960 2589 1 Describe describe VB 7960 2589 2 the the DT 7960 2589 3 Lions Lions NNPS 7960 2589 4 ' ' POS 7960 2589 5 Gate Gate NNP 7960 2589 6 ( ( -LRB- 7960 2589 7 illustration illustration NN 7960 2589 8 , , , 7960 2589 9 page page NN 7960 2589 10 70 70 CD 7960 2589 11 ) ) -RRB- 7960 2589 12 and and CC 7960 2589 13 the the DT 7960 2589 14 François François NNP 7960 2589 15 Vase Vase NNP 7960 2589 16 ( ( -LRB- 7960 2589 17 illustration illustration NN 7960 2589 18 , , , 7960 2589 19 page page NN 7960 2589 20 77 77 CD 7960 2589 21 ) ) -RRB- 7960 2589 22 . . . 7960 2590 1 22 22 CD 7960 2590 2 . . . 7960 2591 1 Compare compare VB 7960 2591 2 Greek greek JJ 7960 2591 3 ideas idea NNS 7960 2591 4 of of IN 7960 2591 5 the the DT 7960 2591 6 future future JJ 7960 2591 7 life life NN 7960 2591 8 with with IN 7960 2591 9 those those DT 7960 2591 10 of of IN 7960 2591 11 the the DT 7960 2591 12 Babylonians Babylonians NNPS 7960 2591 13 . . . 7960 2592 1 23 23 CD 7960 2592 2 . . . 7960 2593 1 Why why WRB 7960 2593 2 has have VBZ 7960 2593 3 the the DT 7960 2593 4 Delphic delphic JJ 7960 2593 5 oracle oracle NN 7960 2593 6 been be VBN 7960 2593 7 called call VBN 7960 2593 8 " " `` 7960 2593 9 the the DT 7960 2593 10 common common JJ 7960 2593 11 hearth hearth NN 7960 2593 12 of of IN 7960 2593 13 Hellas Hellas NNP 7960 2593 14 " " '' 7960 2593 15 ? ? . 7960 2594 1 24 24 CD 7960 2594 2 . . . 7960 2595 1 What what WDT 7960 2595 2 resemblances resemblance NNS 7960 2595 3 do do VBP 7960 2595 4 you -PRON- PRP 7960 2595 5 discover discover VB 7960 2595 6 between between IN 7960 2595 7 the the DT 7960 2595 8 Olympian olympian JJ 7960 2595 9 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difference NNS 7960 2601 3 existed exist VBD 7960 2601 4 between between IN 7960 2601 5 Phoenician phoenician JJ 7960 2601 6 and and CC 7960 2601 7 Greek greek JJ 7960 2601 8 colonization colonization NN 7960 2601 9 ? ? . 7960 2602 1 28 28 CD 7960 2602 2 . . . 7960 2603 1 Why why WRB 7960 2603 2 did do VBD 7960 2603 3 the the DT 7960 2603 4 colonies colony NNS 7960 2603 5 , , , 7960 2603 6 as as IN 7960 2603 7 a a DT 7960 2603 8 rule rule NN 7960 2603 9 , , , 7960 2603 10 advance advance RB 7960 2603 11 more more RBR 7960 2603 12 rapidly rapidly RB 7960 2603 13 than than IN 7960 2603 14 the the DT 7960 2603 15 mother mother NN 7960 2603 16 country country NN 7960 2603 17 in in IN 7960 2603 18 wealth wealth NN 7960 2603 19 and and CC 7960 2603 20 population population NN 7960 2603 21 ? ? . 7960 2604 1 29 29 CD 7960 2604 2 . . . 7960 2605 1 What what WP 7960 2605 2 is be VBZ 7960 2605 3 the the DT 7960 2605 4 origin origin NN 7960 2605 5 of of IN 7960 2605 6 the the DT 7960 2605 7 modern 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70 70 CD 7960 2614 10 . . . 7960 2615 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 2615 2 7 7 LS 7960 2615 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 2615 4 See see VB 7960 2615 5 pages page NNS 7960 2615 6 29 29 CD 7960 2615 7 , , , 7960 2615 8 48 48 CD 7960 2615 9 . . . 7960 2616 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 2616 2 8 8 LS 7960 2616 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 2616 4 See see VB 7960 2616 5 page page NN 7960 2616 6 5 5 CD 7960 2616 7 . . . 7960 2617 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 2617 2 9 9 CD 7960 2617 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 2617 4 See see VB 7960 2617 5 the the DT 7960 2617 6 map map NN 7960 2617 7 , , , 7960 2617 8 page page NN 7960 2617 9 76 76 CD 7960 2617 10 . . . 7960 2618 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 2618 2 10 10 CD 7960 2618 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 2618 4 The the DT 7960 2618 5 Greek greek JJ 7960 2618 6 name name NN 7960 2618 7 of of IN 7960 2618 8 the the DT 7960 2618 9 Black Black NNP 7960 2618 10 Sea Sea NNP 7960 2618 11 . . . 7960 2619 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 2619 2 11 11 CD 7960 2619 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 2619 4 _ _ NNP 7960 2619 5 Iliad Iliad NNP 7960 2619 6 _ _ NNP 7960 2619 7 , , , 7960 2619 8 xviii xviii NNP 7960 2619 9 , , , 7960 2619 10 607 607 CD 7960 2619 11 . . . 7960 2620 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 2620 2 12 12 CD 7960 2620 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 2620 4 _ _ NNP 7960 2620 5 Odyssey Odyssey NNP 7960 2620 6 _ _ NNP 7960 2620 7 , , , 7960 2620 8 xiv xiv NNP 7960 2620 9 , , , 7960 2620 10 83 83 CD 7960 2620 11 - - SYM 7960 2620 12 84 84 CD 7960 2620 13 . . . 7960 2621 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 2621 2 13 13 CD 7960 2621 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 2621 4 _ _ NNP 7960 2621 5 Odyssey Odyssey NNP 7960 2621 6 _ _ NNP 7960 2621 7 , , , 7960 2621 8 xi xi NNP 7960 2621 9 , , , 7960 2621 10 488 488 CD 7960 2621 11 - - SYM 7960 2621 12 491 491 CD 7960 2621 13 . . . 7960 2622 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 2622 2 14 14 CD 7960 2622 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 2622 4 See see VB 7960 2622 5 page page NN 7960 2622 6 227 227 CD 7960 2622 7 . . . 7960 2623 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 2623 2 15 15 CD 7960 2623 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 2623 4 See see VB 7960 2623 5 pages page NNS 7960 2623 6 88,90 88,90 CD 7960 2623 7 . . . 7960 2624 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 2624 2 16 16 CD 7960 2624 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 2624 4 Herodotus Herodotus NNP 7960 2624 5 , , , 7960 2624 6 i i PRP 7960 2624 7 , , , 7960 2624 8 53 53 CD 7960 2624 9 . . . 7960 2625 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 2625 2 17 17 CD 7960 2625 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 2625 4 See see VB 7960 2625 5 page page NN 7960 2625 6 37 37 CD 7960 2625 7 . . . 7960 2626 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 2626 2 18 18 CD 7960 2626 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 2626 4 The the DT 7960 2626 5 first first JJ 7960 2626 6 recorded record VBN 7960 2626 7 celebration celebration NN 7960 2626 8 occurred occur VBD 7960 2626 9 in in IN 7960 2626 10 776 776 CD 7960 2626 11 B.C. B.C. NNP 7960 2627 1 The the DT 7960 2627 2 four four CD 7960 2627 3 - - HYPH 7960 2627 4 year year NN 7960 2627 5 period period NN 7960 2627 6 between between IN 7960 2627 7 the the DT 7960 2627 8 games game NNS 7960 2627 9 , , , 7960 2627 10 called call VBD 7960 2627 11 an an DT 7960 2627 12 Olympiad Olympiad NNP 7960 2627 13 , , , 7960 2627 14 became become VBD 7960 2627 15 the the DT 7960 2627 16 Greek greek JJ 7960 2627 17 unit unit NN 7960 2627 18 for for IN 7960 2627 19 determining determine VBG 7960 2627 20 dates date NNS 7960 2627 21 . . . 7960 2628 1 Events event NNS 7960 2628 2 were be VBD 7960 2628 3 reckoned reckon VBN 7960 2628 4 as as IN 7960 2628 5 taking take VBG 7960 2628 6 place place NN 7960 2628 7 in in IN 7960 2628 8 the the DT 7960 2628 9 first first JJ 7960 2628 10 , , , 7960 2628 11 second second JJ 7960 2628 12 , , , 7960 2628 13 third third JJ 7960 2628 14 , , , 7960 2628 15 or or CC 7960 2628 16 fourth fourth JJ 7960 2628 17 year year NN 7960 2628 18 of of IN 7960 2628 19 a a DT 7960 2628 20 given give VBN 7960 2628 21 Olympiad Olympiad NNP 7960 2628 22 . . . 7960 2629 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 2629 2 19 19 CD 7960 2629 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 2629 4 _ _ NNP 7960 2629 5 Iliad Iliad NNP 7960 2629 6 _ _ NNP 7960 2629 7 , , , 7960 2629 8 ii ii NNP 7960 2629 9 , , , 7960 2629 10 243 243 CD 7960 2629 11 . . . 7960 2630 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 2630 2 20 20 CD 7960 2630 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 2630 4 _ _ NNP 7960 2630 5 Aristocracy Aristocracy NNP 7960 2630 6 _ _ NNP 7960 2630 7 means mean VBZ 7960 2630 8 , , , 7960 2630 9 literally literally RB 7960 2630 10 , , , 7960 2630 11 the the DT 7960 2630 12 " " `` 7960 2630 13 government government NN 7960 2630 14 of of IN 7960 2630 15 the the DT 7960 2630 16 best good JJS 7960 2630 17 . . . 7960 2630 18 " " '' 7960 2631 1 The the DT 7960 2631 2 Greeks Greeks NNPS 7960 2631 3 also also RB 7960 2631 4 used use VBD 7960 2631 5 the the DT 7960 2631 6 word word NN 7960 2631 7 _ _ NNP 7960 2631 8 oligarchy_--"rule oligarchy_--"rule NNS 7960 2631 9 of of IN 7960 2631 10 the the DT 7960 2631 11 few"--to few"--to NNP 7960 2631 12 describe describe VBP 7960 2631 13 a a DT 7960 2631 14 government government NN 7960 2631 15 by by IN 7960 2631 16 citizens citizen NNS 7960 2631 17 who who WP 7960 2631 18 belong belong VBP 7960 2631 19 to to IN 7960 2631 20 the the DT 7960 2631 21 wealthy wealthy JJ 7960 2631 22 class class NN 7960 2631 23 . . . 7960 2632 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 2632 2 21 21 CD 7960 2632 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 2632 4 " " `` 7960 2632 5 Pelops Pelops NNPS 7960 2632 6 's 's POS 7960 2632 7 island island NN 7960 2632 8 , , , 7960 2632 9 " " '' 7960 2632 10 a a DT 7960 2632 11 name name NN 7960 2632 12 derived derive VBN 7960 2632 13 from from IN 7960 2632 14 a a DT 7960 2632 15 legendary legendary JJ 7960 2632 16 hero hero NN 7960 2632 17 who who WP 7960 2632 18 settled settle VBD 7960 2632 19 in in IN 7960 2632 20 southern southern JJ 7960 2632 21 Greece Greece NNP 7960 2632 22 . . . 7960 2633 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 2633 2 22 22 CD 7960 2633 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 2633 4 Xenophon Xenophon NNP 7960 2633 5 , , , 7960 2633 6 _ _ NNP 7960 2633 7 Polity Polity NNP 7960 2633 8 of of IN 7960 2633 9 the the DT 7960 2633 10 Lacedaemonians Lacedaemonians NNPS 7960 2633 11 _ _ NNP 7960 2633 12 , , , 7960 2633 13 13 13 CD 7960 2633 14 . . . 7960 2634 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 2634 2 23 23 CD 7960 2634 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 2634 4 The the DT 7960 2634 5 Spartans Spartans NNPS 7960 2634 6 believed believe VBD 7960 2634 7 that that IN 7960 2634 8 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 2634 9 military military JJ 7960 2634 10 organization organization NN 7960 2634 11 was be VBD 7960 2634 12 the the DT 7960 2634 13 work work NN 7960 2634 14 of of IN 7960 2634 15 a a DT 7960 2634 16 great great JJ 7960 2634 17 reformer reformer NN 7960 2634 18 and and CC 7960 2634 19 law law NN 7960 2634 20 - - HYPH 7960 2634 21 giver giver NN 7960 2634 22 named name VBN 7960 2634 23 Lycurgus Lycurgus NNP 7960 2634 24 . . . 7960 2635 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 2635 2 was be VBD 7960 2635 3 supposed suppose VBN 7960 2635 4 to to TO 7960 2635 5 have have VB 7960 2635 6 lived live VBN 7960 2635 7 early early RB 7960 2635 8 in in IN 7960 2635 9 the the DT 7960 2635 10 ninth ninth JJ 7960 2635 11 century century NN 7960 2635 12 B.C. 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NNP 7960 2636 1 We -PRON- PRP 7960 2636 2 do do VBP 7960 2636 3 not not RB 7960 2636 4 know know VB 7960 2636 5 anything anything NN 7960 2636 6 about about IN 7960 2636 7 Lycurgus Lycurgus NNP 7960 2636 8 , , , 7960 2636 9 but but CC 7960 2636 10 we -PRON- PRP 7960 2636 11 do do VBP 7960 2636 12 know know VB 7960 2636 13 that that IN 7960 2636 14 some some DT 7960 2636 15 existing exist VBG 7960 2636 16 primitive primitive JJ 7960 2636 17 tribes tribe NNS 7960 2636 18 , , , 7960 2636 19 for for IN 7960 2636 20 instance instance NN 7960 2636 21 , , , 7960 2636 22 the the DT 7960 2636 23 Masai Masai NNP 7960 2636 24 of of IN 7960 2636 25 East East NNP 7960 2636 26 Africa Africa NNP 7960 2636 27 , , , 7960 2636 28 have have VBP 7960 2636 29 customs custom NNS 7960 2636 30 almost almost RB 7960 2636 31 the the DT 7960 2636 32 same same JJ 7960 2636 33 as as IN 7960 2636 34 those those DT 7960 2636 35 of of IN 7960 2636 36 ancient ancient JJ 7960 2636 37 Sparta Sparta NNP 7960 2636 38 . . . 7960 2637 1 Hence hence RB 7960 2637 2 we -PRON- PRP 7960 2637 3 may may MD 7960 2637 4 say say VB 7960 2637 5 that that IN 7960 2637 6 the the DT 7960 2637 7 rude rude JJ 7960 2637 8 , , , 7960 2637 9 even even RB 7960 2637 10 barbarous barbarous JJ 7960 2637 11 , , , 7960 2637 12 Spartans Spartans NNPS 7960 2637 13 only only RB 7960 2637 14 carried carry VBD 7960 2637 15 over over RP 7960 2637 16 into into IN 7960 2637 17 the the DT 7960 2637 18 historic historic JJ 7960 2637 19 age age NN 7960 2637 20 the the DT 7960 2637 21 habits habit NNS 7960 2637 22 of of IN 7960 2637 23 life life NN 7960 2637 24 which which WDT 7960 2637 25 they -PRON- PRP 7960 2637 26 had have VBD 7960 2637 27 formed form VBN 7960 2637 28 in in IN 7960 2637 29 prehistoric prehistoric JJ 7960 2637 30 times time NNS 7960 2637 31 . . . 7960 2638 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 2638 2 24 24 CD 7960 2638 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 2638 4 See see VB 7960 2638 5 page page NN 7960 2638 6 82 82 CD 7960 2638 7 . . . 7960 2639 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 2639 2 25 25 CD 7960 2639 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 2639 4 The the DT 7960 2639 5 name name NN 7960 2639 6 of of IN 7960 2639 7 an an DT 7960 2639 8 individual individual NN 7960 2639 9 voted vote VBD 7960 2639 10 against against IN 7960 2639 11 was be VBD 7960 2639 12 written write VBN 7960 2639 13 on on IN 7960 2639 14 a a DT 7960 2639 15 piece piece NN 7960 2639 16 of of IN 7960 2639 17 pottery pottery NN 7960 2639 18 ( ( -LRB- 7960 2639 19 Greek Greek NNP 7960 2639 20 _ _ NNP 7960 2639 21 ostrakon ostrakon JJ 7960 2639 22 _ _ NNP 7960 2639 23 ) ) -RRB- 7960 2639 24 , , , 7960 2639 25 whence whence NN 7960 2639 26 the the DT 7960 2639 27 term term NN 7960 2639 28 _ _ NNP 7960 2639 29 ostracism ostracism NN 7960 2639 30 _ _ NNP 7960 2639 31 . . . 7960 2640 1 See see VB 7960 2640 2 the the DT 7960 2640 3 illustration illustration NN 7960 2640 4 , , , 7960 2640 5 page page NN 7960 2640 6 97 97 CD 7960 2640 7 . . . 7960 2641 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 2641 2 26 26 CD 7960 2641 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 2641 4 See see VB 7960 2641 5 the the DT 7960 2641 6 map map NN 7960 2641 7 facing face VBG 7960 2641 8 page page NN 7960 2641 9 50 50 CD 7960 2641 10 . . . 7960 2642 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 2642 2 27 27 CD 7960 2642 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 2642 4 See see VB 7960 2642 5 page page NN 7960 2642 6 49 49 CD 7960 2642 7 . . . 7960 2643 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 2643 2 28 28 CD 7960 2643 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 2643 4 Cicero Cicero NNP 7960 2643 5 , , , 7960 2643 6 _ _ NNP 7960 2643 7 De De NNP 7960 2643 8 republica republica NNP 7960 2643 9 _ _ NNP 7960 2643 10 , , , 7960 2643 11 ii ii NNP 7960 2643 12 , , , 7960 2643 13 4 4 CD 7960 2643 14 . . . 7960 2644 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 2644 2 29 29 CD 7960 2644 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 2644 4 Greek Greek NNP 7960 2644 5 _ _ NNP 7960 2644 6 barbaroi barbaroi NN 7960 2644 7 _ _ NNP 7960 2644 8 , , , 7960 2644 9 " " `` 7960 2644 10 men man NNS 7960 2644 11 of of IN 7960 2644 12 confused confused JJ 7960 2644 13 speech speech NN 7960 2644 14 . . . 7960 2644 15 " " '' 7960 2645 1 CHAPTER chapter NN 7960 2645 2 V V NNP 7960 2645 3 THE the DT 7960 2645 4 GREAT great JJ 7960 2645 5 AGE age NN 7960 2645 6 OF of IN 7960 2645 7 THE the DT 7960 2645 8 GREEK GREEK NNP 7960 2645 9 REPUBLICS republic NNS 7960 2645 10 TO to IN 7960 2645 11 362 362 CD 7960 2645 12 B.C. 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B.C. NNP 7960 2650 18 , , , 7960 2650 19 showed show VBD 7960 2650 20 how how WRB 7960 2650 21 grave grave JJ 7960 2650 22 was be VBD 7960 2650 23 the the DT 7960 2650 24 danger danger NN 7960 2650 25 to to IN 7960 2650 26 Greek greek JJ 7960 2650 27 independence independence NN 7960 2650 28 from from IN 7960 2650 29 the the DT 7960 2650 30 ambitious ambitious JJ 7960 2650 31 designs design NNS 7960 2650 32 of of IN 7960 2650 33 Oriental oriental JJ 7960 2650 34 monarchs monarch NNS 7960 2650 35 . . . 7960 2651 1 CONQUESTS CONQUESTS NNP 7960 2651 2 OF of IN 7960 2651 3 CYRUS cyrus NN 7960 2651 4 AND and CC 7960 2651 5 CAMBYSES cambyses NN 7960 2651 6 As as IN 7960 2651 7 we -PRON- PRP 7960 2651 8 have have VBP 7960 2651 9 already already RB 7960 2651 10 learned learn VBN 7960 2651 11 , , , 7960 2651 12 Croesus Croesus NNP 7960 2651 13 himself -PRON- PRP 7960 2651 14 soon soon RB 7960 2651 15 had have VBD 7960 2651 16 to to TO 7960 2651 17 submit submit VB 7960 2651 18 to to IN 7960 2651 19 a a DT 7960 2651 20 foreign foreign JJ 7960 2651 21 overlord overlord NN 7960 2651 22 , , , 7960 2651 23 in in IN 7960 2651 24 the the DT 7960 2651 25 person person NN 7960 2651 26 of of IN 7960 2651 27 Cyrus Cyrus NNP 7960 2651 28 the the DT 7960 2651 29 Great Great NNP 7960 2651 30 . . . 7960 2652 1 The the DT 7960 2652 2 subjugation subjugation NN 7960 2652 3 of of IN 7960 2652 4 Lydia Lydia NNP 7960 2652 5 and and CC 7960 2652 6 the the DT 7960 2652 7 Greek greek JJ 7960 2652 8 seaboard seaboard NN 7960 2652 9 by by IN 7960 2652 10 Cyrus Cyrus NNP 7960 2652 11 extended extend VBD 7960 2652 12 the the DT 7960 2652 13 Persian Persian NNP 7960 2652 14 Empire Empire NNP 7960 2652 15 to to IN 7960 2652 16 the the DT 7960 2652 17 Mediterranean Mediterranean NNP 7960 2652 18 . . . 7960 2653 1 The the DT 7960 2653 2 conquest conquest NN 7960 2653 3 of of IN 7960 2653 4 Phoenicia Phoenicia NNP 7960 2653 5 and and CC 7960 2653 6 Cyprus Cyprus NNP 7960 2653 7 by by IN 7960 2653 8 Cambyses cambyse NNS 7960 2653 9 added add VBD 7960 2653 10 the the DT 7960 2653 11 Phoenician phoenician JJ 7960 2653 12 navy navy NN 7960 2653 13 to to IN 7960 2653 14 the the DT 7960 2653 15 resources resource NNS 7960 2653 16 of of IN 7960 2653 17 the the DT 7960 2653 18 mighty mighty JJ 7960 2653 19 empire empire NN 7960 2653 20 . . . 7960 2654 1 Persia Persia NNP 7960 2654 2 had have VBD 7960 2654 3 now now RB 7960 2654 4 become become VBN 7960 2654 5 a a DT 7960 2654 6 sea sea NN 7960 2654 7 power power NN 7960 2654 8 , , , 7960 2654 9 able able JJ 7960 2654 10 to to TO 7960 2654 11 cope cope VB 7960 2654 12 with with IN 7960 2654 13 the the DT 7960 2654 14 Greeks Greeks NNPS 7960 2654 15 on on IN 7960 2654 16 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 2654 17 own own JJ 7960 2654 18 element element NN 7960 2654 19 . . . 7960 2655 1 The the DT 7960 2655 2 subjection subjection NN 7960 2655 3 of of IN 7960 2655 4 Egypt Egypt NNP 7960 2655 5 by by IN 7960 2655 6 the the DT 7960 2655 7 same same JJ 7960 2655 8 king king NN 7960 2655 9 led lead VBD 7960 2655 10 naturally naturally RB 7960 2655 11 to to IN 7960 2655 12 the the DT 7960 2655 13 annexation annexation NN 7960 2655 14 of of IN 7960 2655 15 the the DT 7960 2655 16 Greek greek JJ 7960 2655 17 colonies colony NNS 7960 2655 18 on on IN 7960 2655 19 the the DT 7960 2655 20 north north JJ 7960 2655 21 African african JJ 7960 2655 22 shore shore NN 7960 2655 23 . . . 7960 2656 1 The the DT 7960 2656 2 entire entire JJ 7960 2656 3 coast coast NN 7960 2656 4 of of IN 7960 2656 5 the the DT 7960 2656 6 eastern eastern JJ 7960 2656 7 Mediterranean Mediterranean NNP 7960 2656 8 had have VBD 7960 2656 9 now now RB 7960 2656 10 come come VBN 7960 2656 11 under under IN 7960 2656 12 the the DT 7960 2656 13 control control NN 7960 2656 14 of of IN 7960 2656 15 a a DT 7960 2656 16 new new JJ 7960 2656 17 , , , 7960 2656 18 powerful powerful JJ 7960 2656 19 , , , 7960 2656 20 and and CC 7960 2656 21 hostile hostile JJ 7960 2656 22 state state NN 7960 2656 23 . . . 7960 2657 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 2657 2 Illustration illustration NN 7960 2657 3 : : : 7960 2657 4 CROESUS croesu NNS 7960 2657 5 ON on IN 7960 2657 6 THE the DT 7960 2657 7 PYRE pyre NN 7960 2657 8 Painting paint VBG 7960 2657 9 on on IN 7960 2657 10 an an DT 7960 2657 11 Athenian athenian JJ 7960 2657 12 vase vase NN 7960 2657 13 of of IN 7960 2657 14 about about RB 7960 2657 15 490 490 CD 7960 2657 16 B.C. B.C. 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7960 2659 19 the the DT 7960 2659 20 blaze blaze NN 7960 2659 21 by by IN 7960 2659 22 a a DT 7960 2659 23 sudden sudden JJ 7960 2659 24 shower shower NN 7960 2659 25 of of IN 7960 2659 26 rain rain NN 7960 2659 27 . . . 7960 2660 1 The the DT 7960 2660 2 vase vase NN 7960 2660 3 painting painting NN 7960 2660 4 represents represent VBZ 7960 2660 5 the the DT 7960 2660 6 Lydian lydian JJ 7960 2660 7 king king NN 7960 2660 8 sitting sit VBG 7960 2660 9 enthroned enthrone VBN 7960 2660 10 upon upon IN 7960 2660 11 the the DT 7960 2660 12 pyre pyre NN 7960 2660 13 , , , 7960 2660 14 with with IN 7960 2660 15 a a DT 7960 2660 16 laurel laurel NN 7960 2660 17 wreath wreath NN 7960 2660 18 on on IN 7960 2660 19 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 2660 20 head head NN 7960 2660 21 and and CC 7960 2660 22 a a DT 7960 2660 23 scepter scepter NN 7960 2660 24 in in IN 7960 2660 25 one one CD 7960 2660 26 hand hand NN 7960 2660 27 . . . 7960 2661 1 With with IN 7960 2661 2 the the DT 7960 2661 3 other other JJ 7960 2661 4 hand hand NN 7960 2661 5 he -PRON- PRP 7960 2661 6 pours pour VBZ 7960 2661 7 a a DT 7960 2661 8 libation libation NN 7960 2661 9 . . . 7960 2662 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 2662 2 seems seem VBZ 7960 2662 3 to to TO 7960 2662 4 be be VB 7960 2662 5 performing perform VBG 7960 2662 6 a a DT 7960 2662 7 religious religious JJ 7960 2662 8 rite rite NN 7960 2662 9 , , , 7960 2662 10 not not RB 7960 2662 11 to to TO 7960 2662 12 be be VB 7960 2662 13 suffering suffer VBG 7960 2662 14 an an DT 7960 2662 15 ignominious ignominious JJ 7960 2662 16 death death NN 7960 2662 17 . . . 7960 2662 18 ] ] -RRB- 7960 2663 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 2663 2 Illustration illustration NN 7960 2663 3 : : : 7960 2663 4 PERSIAN PERSIAN NNP 7960 2663 5 ARCHERS archer NNS 7960 2663 6 ( ( -LRB- 7960 2663 7 Louvre Louvre NNP 7960 2663 8 , , , 7960 2663 9 Paris Paris NNP 7960 2663 10 ) ) -RRB- 7960 2663 11 A a DT 7960 2663 12 frieze frieze NN 7960 2663 13 of of IN 7960 2663 14 enameled enamel VBN 7960 2663 15 brick brick NN 7960 2663 16 from from IN 7960 2663 17 the the DT 7960 2663 18 royal royal JJ 7960 2663 19 palace palace NN 7960 2663 20 at at IN 7960 2663 21 Susa Susa NNP 7960 2663 22 . . . 7960 2664 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 2664 2 is be VBZ 7960 2664 3 a a DT 7960 2664 4 masterpiece masterpiece NN 7960 2664 5 of of IN 7960 2664 6 Persian persian JJ 7960 2664 7 art art NN 7960 2664 8 and and CC 7960 2664 9 shows show VBZ 7960 2664 10 the the DT 7960 2664 11 influence influence NN 7960 2664 12 of of IN 7960 2664 13 both both CC 7960 2664 14 Assyrian assyrian JJ 7960 2664 15 and and CC 7960 2664 16 Greek greek JJ 7960 2664 17 design design NN 7960 2664 18 . . . 7960 2665 1 Each each DT 7960 2665 2 archer archer NN 7960 2665 3 carries carry VBZ 7960 2665 4 a a DT 7960 2665 5 spear spear NN 7960 2665 6 , , , 7960 2665 7 in in IN 7960 2665 8 addition addition NN 7960 2665 9 to to IN 7960 2665 10 the the DT 7960 2665 11 bow bow NN 7960 2665 12 over over IN 7960 2665 13 the the DT 7960 2665 14 left left JJ 7960 2665 15 shoulder shoulder NN 7960 2665 16 and and CC 7960 2665 17 the the DT 7960 2665 18 quiver quiver NN 7960 2665 19 on on IN 7960 2665 20 the the DT 7960 2665 21 back back NN 7960 2665 22 . . . 7960 2666 1 These these DT 7960 2666 2 soldiers soldier NNS 7960 2666 3 probably probably RB 7960 2666 4 served serve VBD 7960 2666 5 as as IN 7960 2666 6 palace palace NN 7960 2666 7 guards guard NNS 7960 2666 8 , , , 7960 2666 9 hence hence RB 7960 2666 10 the the DT 7960 2666 11 fine fine JJ 7960 2666 12 robes robe NNS 7960 2666 13 worn wear VBN 7960 2666 14 by by IN 7960 2666 15 them -PRON- PRP 7960 2666 16 . . . 7960 2666 17 ] ] -RRB- 7960 2667 1 CONQUESTS CONQUESTS NNP 7960 2667 2 OF of IN 7960 2667 3 DARIUS darius NN 7960 2667 4 The the DT 7960 2667 5 accession accession NN 7960 2667 6 of of IN 7960 2667 7 Darius Darius NNP 7960 2667 8 to to IN 7960 2667 9 the the DT 7960 2667 10 Persian persian JJ 7960 2667 11 throne throne NN 7960 2667 12 only only RB 7960 2667 13 increased increase VBD 7960 2667 14 the the DT 7960 2667 15 dangers danger NNS 7960 2667 16 that that WDT 7960 2667 17 overshadowed overshadow VBD 7960 2667 18 Hellas Hellas NNP 7960 2667 19 . . . 7960 2668 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 2668 2 aimed aim VBD 7960 2668 3 to to TO 7960 2668 4 complete complete VB 7960 2668 5 the the DT 7960 2668 6 work work NN 7960 2668 7 of of IN 7960 2668 8 Cyrus Cyrus NNP 7960 2668 9 and and CC 7960 2668 10 Cambyses Cambyses NNP 7960 2668 11 by by IN 7960 2668 12 extending extend VBG 7960 2668 13 the the DT 7960 2668 14 empire empire NN 7960 2668 15 wherever wherever WRB 7960 2668 16 a a DT 7960 2668 17 natural natural JJ 7960 2668 18 frontier frontier NN 7960 2668 19 had have VBD 7960 2668 20 not not RB 7960 2668 21 been be VBN 7960 2668 22 reached reach VBN 7960 2668 23 . . . 7960 2669 1 Accordingly accordingly RB 7960 2669 2 , , , 7960 2669 3 about about RB 7960 2669 4 512 512 CD 7960 2669 5 B.C. B.C. NNP 7960 2669 6 , , , 7960 2669 7 Darius Darius NNP 7960 2669 8 invaded invade VBD 7960 2669 9 Europe Europe NNP 7960 2669 10 with with IN 7960 2669 11 a a DT 7960 2669 12 large large JJ 7960 2669 13 army army NN 7960 2669 14 , , , 7960 2669 15 annexed annex VBD 7960 2669 16 the the DT 7960 2669 17 Greek greek JJ 7960 2669 18 colonies colony NNS 7960 2669 19 on on IN 7960 2669 20 the the DT 7960 2669 21 Hellespont Hellespont NNP 7960 2669 22 ( ( -LRB- 7960 2669 23 the the DT 7960 2669 24 modern modern JJ 7960 2669 25 Dardanelles dardanelle NNS 7960 2669 26 ) ) -RRB- 7960 2669 27 , , , 7960 2669 28 and and CC 7960 2669 29 subdued subdue VBD 7960 2669 30 the the DT 7960 2669 31 wild wild JJ 7960 2669 32 tribes tribe NNS 7960 2669 33 of of IN 7960 2669 34 Thrace Thrace NNP 7960 2669 35 and and CC 7960 2669 36 Macedonia Macedonia NNP 7960 2669 37 . . . 7960 2670 1 The the DT 7960 2670 2 Persian persian JJ 7960 2670 3 dominions dominion NNS 7960 2670 4 now now RB 7960 2670 5 touched touch VBD 7960 2670 6 those those DT 7960 2670 7 of of IN 7960 2670 8 the the DT 7960 2670 9 Greeks Greeks NNPS 7960 2670 10 . . . 7960 2671 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 2671 2 2 2 CD 7960 2671 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 2671 4 [ [ -LRB- 7960 2671 5 Illustration illustration NN 7960 2671 6 : : : 7960 2671 7 Map Map NNP 7960 2671 8 , , , 7960 2671 9 GREECE GREECE NNP 7960 2671 10 at at IN 7960 2671 11 opening opening NN 7960 2671 12 of of IN 7960 2671 13 the the DT 7960 2671 14 PERSIAN PERSIAN NNP 7960 2671 15 WARS WARS NNP 7960 2671 16 400 400 CD 7960 2671 17 B.C. B.C. NNP 7960 2671 18 ] ] -RRB- 7960 2672 1 THE the DT 7960 2672 2 IONIAN IONIAN NNP 7960 2672 3 REVOLT REVOLT NNP 7960 2672 4 , , , 7960 2672 5 499 499 CD 7960 2672 6 - - SYM 7960 2672 7 493 493 CD 7960 2672 8 B.C. B.C. NNP 7960 2673 1 Not not RB 7960 2673 2 long long RB 7960 2673 3 after after IN 7960 2673 4 this this DT 7960 2673 5 European european JJ 7960 2673 6 expedition expedition NN 7960 2673 7 of of IN 7960 2673 8 Darius Darius NNP 7960 2673 9 , , , 7960 2673 10 the the DT 7960 2673 11 Ionian ionian JJ 7960 2673 12 cities city NNS 7960 2673 13 of of IN 7960 2673 14 Asia Asia NNP 7960 2673 15 Minor Minor NNP 7960 2673 16 revolted revolt VBD 7960 2673 17 against against IN 7960 2673 18 the the DT 7960 2673 19 Persians Persians NNPS 7960 2673 20 . . . 7960 2674 1 Unable unable JJ 7960 2674 2 to to TO 7960 2674 3 face face VB 7960 2674 4 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 2674 5 foes foe NNS 7960 2674 6 single single JJ 7960 2674 7 - - HYPH 7960 2674 8 handed handed JJ 7960 2674 9 , , , 7960 2674 10 they -PRON- PRP 7960 2674 11 sought seek VBD 7960 2674 12 aid aid NN 7960 2674 13 from from IN 7960 2674 14 Sparta Sparta NNP 7960 2674 15 , , , 7960 2674 16 then then RB 7960 2674 17 the the DT 7960 2674 18 chief chief JJ 7960 2674 19 military military JJ 7960 2674 20 power power NN 7960 2674 21 of of IN 7960 2674 22 Greece Greece NNP 7960 2674 23 . . . 7960 2675 1 The the DT 7960 2675 2 Spartans Spartans NNPS 7960 2675 3 refused refuse VBD 7960 2675 4 to to TO 7960 2675 5 take take VB 7960 2675 6 part part NN 7960 2675 7 in in IN 7960 2675 8 the the DT 7960 2675 9 war war NN 7960 2675 10 , , , 7960 2675 11 but but CC 7960 2675 12 the the DT 7960 2675 13 Athenians Athenians NNPS 7960 2675 14 , , , 7960 2675 15 who who WP 7960 2675 16 realized realize VBD 7960 2675 17 the the DT 7960 2675 18 menace menace NN 7960 2675 19 to to IN 7960 2675 20 Greece Greece NNP 7960 2675 21 in in IN 7960 2675 22 the the DT 7960 2675 23 Persian persian JJ 7960 2675 24 advance advance NN 7960 2675 25 , , , 7960 2675 26 sent send VBD 7960 2675 27 ships ship NNS 7960 2675 28 and and CC 7960 2675 29 men man NNS 7960 2675 30 to to TO 7960 2675 31 fight fight VB 7960 2675 32 for for IN 7960 2675 33 the the DT 7960 2675 34 Ionians Ionians NNPS 7960 2675 35 . . . 7960 2676 1 Even even RB 7960 2676 2 with with IN 7960 2676 3 this this DT 7960 2676 4 help help NN 7960 2676 5 the the DT 7960 2676 6 Ionian ionian JJ 7960 2676 7 cities city NNS 7960 2676 8 could could MD 7960 2676 9 not not RB 7960 2676 10 hold hold VB 7960 2676 11 out out RP 7960 2676 12 against against IN 7960 2676 13 the the DT 7960 2676 14 vast vast JJ 7960 2676 15 resources resource NNS 7960 2676 16 of of IN 7960 2676 17 the the DT 7960 2676 18 Persians Persians NNPS 7960 2676 19 . . . 7960 2677 1 One one CD 7960 2677 2 by by IN 7960 2677 3 one one CD 7960 2677 4 they -PRON- PRP 7960 2677 5 fell fall VBD 7960 2677 6 again again RB 7960 2677 7 into into IN 7960 2677 8 the the DT 7960 2677 9 hands hand NNS 7960 2677 10 of of IN 7960 2677 11 the the DT 7960 2677 12 Great great JJ 7960 2677 13 King King NNP 7960 2677 14 . . . 7960 2678 1 32 32 CD 7960 2678 2 . . . 7960 2679 1 EXPEDITIONS expeditions VB 7960 2679 2 OF of IN 7960 2679 3 DARIUS darius NN 7960 2679 4 AGAINST against IN 7960 2679 5 GREECE GREECE NNP 7960 2679 6 FIRST FIRST NNP 7960 2679 7 EXPEDITION EXPEDITION NNP 7960 2679 8 , , , 7960 2679 9 492 492 CD 7960 2679 10 B.C. B.C. NNP 7960 2680 1 No no RB 7960 2680 2 sooner soon RBR 7960 2680 3 was be VBD 7960 2680 4 quiet quiet JJ 7960 2680 5 restored restore VBN 7960 2680 6 in in IN 7960 2680 7 Asia Asia NNP 7960 2680 8 Minor Minor NNP 7960 2680 9 than than IN 7960 2680 10 Darius Darius NNP 7960 2680 11 began begin VBD 7960 2680 12 preparations preparation NNS 7960 2680 13 to to TO 7960 2680 14 punish punish VB 7960 2680 15 Athens Athens NNP 7960 2680 16 for for IN 7960 2680 17 her -PRON- PRP$ 7960 2680 18 part part NN 7960 2680 19 in in IN 7960 2680 20 the the DT 7960 2680 21 Ionian Ionian NNP 7960 2680 22 Revolt Revolt NNP 7960 2680 23 . . . 7960 2681 1 The the DT 7960 2681 2 first first JJ 7960 2681 3 expedition expedition NN 7960 2681 4 under under IN 7960 2681 5 the the DT 7960 2681 6 command command NN 7960 2681 7 of of IN 7960 2681 8 Mardonius Mardonius NNP 7960 2681 9 , , , 7960 2681 10 the the DT 7960 2681 11 son son NN 7960 2681 12 - - HYPH 7960 2681 13 in in IN 7960 2681 14 - - HYPH 7960 2681 15 law law NN 7960 2681 16 of of IN 7960 2681 17 the the DT 7960 2681 18 Persian persian JJ 7960 2681 19 monarch monarch NN 7960 2681 20 , , , 7960 2681 21 was be VBD 7960 2681 22 a a DT 7960 2681 23 failure failure NN 7960 2681 24 . . . 7960 2682 1 Mardonius Mardonius NNP 7960 2682 2 never never RB 7960 2682 3 reached reach VBD 7960 2682 4 Greece Greece NNP 7960 2682 5 , , , 7960 2682 6 because because IN 7960 2682 7 the the DT 7960 2682 8 Persian persian JJ 7960 2682 9 fleet fleet NN 7960 2682 10 , , , 7960 2682 11 on on IN 7960 2682 12 which which WDT 7960 2682 13 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 2682 14 army army NN 7960 2682 15 depended depend VBD 7960 2682 16 for for IN 7960 2682 17 provisions provision NNS 7960 2682 18 , , , 7960 2682 19 was be VBD 7960 2682 20 wrecked wreck VBN 7960 2682 21 off off IN 7960 2682 22 the the DT 7960 2682 23 promontory promontory NN 7960 2682 24 of of IN 7960 2682 25 Mount Mount NNP 7960 2682 26 Athos Athos NNP 7960 2682 27 . . . 7960 2683 1 SECOND second JJ 7960 2683 2 EXPEDITION EXPEDITION NNP 7960 2683 3 , , , 7960 2683 4 490 490 CD 7960 2683 5 B.C. B.C. NNP 7960 2684 1 Darius Darius NNP 7960 2684 2 did do VBD 7960 2684 3 not not RB 7960 2684 4 abandon abandon VB 7960 2684 5 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 2684 6 designs design NNS 7960 2684 7 , , , 7960 2684 8 in in IN 7960 2684 9 consequence consequence NN 7960 2684 10 of of IN 7960 2684 11 the the DT 7960 2684 12 disaster disaster NN 7960 2684 13 . . . 7960 2685 1 Two two CD 7960 2685 2 years year NNS 7960 2685 3 later later RB 7960 2685 4 a a DT 7960 2685 5 second second JJ 7960 2685 6 fleet fleet NN 7960 2685 7 , , , 7960 2685 8 bearing bear VBG 7960 2685 9 a a DT 7960 2685 10 force force NN 7960 2685 11 of of IN 7960 2685 12 perhaps perhaps RB 7960 2685 13 sixty sixty CD 7960 2685 14 thousand thousand CD 7960 2685 15 men man NNS 7960 2685 16 , , , 7960 2685 17 set set VBN 7960 2685 18 out out RP 7960 2685 19 from from IN 7960 2685 20 Ionia Ionia NNP 7960 2685 21 for for IN 7960 2685 22 Greece Greece NNP 7960 2685 23 . . . 7960 2686 1 Datis Datis NNP 7960 2686 2 and and CC 7960 2686 3 Artaphernes Artaphernes NNP 7960 2686 4 , , , 7960 2686 5 the the DT 7960 2686 6 Persian persian JJ 7960 2686 7 leaders leader NNS 7960 2686 8 , , , 7960 2686 9 sailed sail VBD 7960 2686 10 straight straight RB 7960 2686 11 across across IN 7960 2686 12 the the DT 7960 2686 13 Aegean Aegean NNP 7960 2686 14 and and CC 7960 2686 15 landed land VBD 7960 2686 16 on on IN 7960 2686 17 the the DT 7960 2686 18 plain plain NN 7960 2686 19 of of IN 7960 2686 20 Marathon Marathon NNP 7960 2686 21 , , , 7960 2686 22 twenty twenty CD 7960 2686 23 - - HYPH 7960 2686 24 six six CD 7960 2686 25 miles mile NNS 7960 2686 26 from from IN 7960 2686 27 Athens Athens NNP 7960 2686 28 . . . 7960 2687 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 2687 2 Illustration illustration NN 7960 2687 3 : : : 7960 2687 4 GRAVESTONE GRAVESTONE NNP 7960 2687 5 OF of IN 7960 2687 6 ARISTON ARISTON NNP 7960 2687 7 ( ( -LRB- 7960 2687 8 National National NNP 7960 2687 9 Museum Museum NNP 7960 2687 10 , , , 7960 2687 11 Athens Athens NNP 7960 2687 12 ) ) -RRB- 7960 2687 13 Found find VBN 7960 2687 14 near near IN 7960 2687 15 Marathon Marathon NNP 7960 2687 16 in in IN 7960 2687 17 1838 1838 CD 7960 2687 18 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 2688 1 Belongs belong VBZ 7960 2688 2 to to IN 7960 2688 3 the the DT 7960 2688 4 late late JJ 7960 2688 5 sixth sixth JJ 7960 2688 6 century century NN 7960 2688 7 B.C. B.C. NNP 7960 2689 1 Incorrectly incorrectly RB 7960 2689 2 called call VBD 7960 2689 3 the the DT 7960 2689 4 " " `` 7960 2689 5 Warrior Warrior NNP 7960 2689 6 of of IN 7960 2689 7 Marathon Marathon NNP 7960 2689 8 " " '' 7960 2689 9 ] ] -RRB- 7960 2689 10 BATTLE battle NN 7960 2689 11 OF of IN 7960 2689 12 MARATHON marathon NN 7960 2689 13 , , , 7960 2689 14 490 490 CD 7960 2689 15 B.C. B.C. NNP 7960 2690 1 The the DT 7960 2690 2 situation situation NN 7960 2690 3 of of IN 7960 2690 4 the the DT 7960 2690 5 Athenians Athenians NNPS 7960 2690 6 seemed seem VBD 7960 2690 7 desperate desperate JJ 7960 2690 8 . . . 7960 2691 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 2691 2 had have VBD 7960 2691 3 scarcely scarcely RB 7960 2691 4 ten ten CD 7960 2691 5 thousand thousand CD 7960 2691 6 men man NNS 7960 2691 7 with with IN 7960 2691 8 whom whom WP 7960 2691 9 to to TO 7960 2691 10 face face VB 7960 2691 11 an an DT 7960 2691 12 army army NN 7960 2691 13 far far RB 7960 2691 14 larger large JJR 7960 2691 15 and and CC 7960 2691 16 hitherto hitherto RB 7960 2691 17 invincible invincible JJ 7960 2691 18 . . . 7960 2692 1 The the DT 7960 2692 2 Spartans Spartans NNPS 7960 2692 3 promised promise VBD 7960 2692 4 support support NN 7960 2692 5 , , , 7960 2692 6 but but CC 7960 2692 7 delayed delay VBN 7960 2692 8 sending send VBG 7960 2692 9 troops troop NNS 7960 2692 10 at at IN 7960 2692 11 the the DT 7960 2692 12 critical critical JJ 7960 2692 13 moment moment NN 7960 2692 14 . . . 7960 2693 1 Better well RBR 7960 2693 2 , , , 7960 2693 3 perhaps perhaps RB 7960 2693 4 , , , 7960 2693 5 than than IN 7960 2693 6 a a DT 7960 2693 7 Spartan Spartan NNP 7960 2693 8 army army NN 7960 2693 9 was be VBD 7960 2693 10 the the DT 7960 2693 11 genius genius NN 7960 2693 12 of of IN 7960 2693 13 Miltiades Miltiades NNP 7960 2693 14 , , , 7960 2693 15 one one CD 7960 2693 16 of of IN 7960 2693 17 the the DT 7960 2693 18 Athenian athenian JJ 7960 2693 19 generals general NNS 7960 2693 20 . . . 7960 2694 1 Relying rely VBG 7960 2694 2 on on IN 7960 2694 3 Greek greek JJ 7960 2694 4 discipline discipline NN 7960 2694 5 and and CC 7960 2694 6 Greek greek JJ 7960 2694 7 valor valor NN 7960 2694 8 to to TO 7960 2694 9 win win VB 7960 2694 10 the the DT 7960 2694 11 day day NN 7960 2694 12 , , , 7960 2694 13 he -PRON- PRP 7960 2694 14 decided decide VBD 7960 2694 15 to to TO 7960 2694 16 take take VB 7960 2694 17 the the DT 7960 2694 18 offensive offensive NN 7960 2694 19 . . . 7960 2695 1 His -PRON- PRP$ 7960 2695 2 heavy heavy JJ 7960 2695 3 armed armed JJ 7960 2695 4 soldiers soldier NNS 7960 2695 5 made make VBD 7960 2695 6 a a DT 7960 2695 7 smashing smash VBG 7960 2695 8 charge charge NN 7960 2695 9 on on IN 7960 2695 10 the the DT 7960 2695 11 Persians Persians NNPS 7960 2695 12 and and CC 7960 2695 13 drove drive VBD 7960 2695 14 them -PRON- PRP 7960 2695 15 in in IN 7960 2695 16 confusion confusion NN 7960 2695 17 to to IN 7960 2695 18 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 2695 19 ships ship NNS 7960 2695 20 . . . 7960 2696 1 Datis Datis NNP 7960 2696 2 and and CC 7960 2696 3 Artaphernes Artaphernes NNP 7960 2696 4 then then RB 7960 2696 5 sailed sail VBD 7960 2696 6 back back RB 7960 2696 7 to to IN 7960 2696 8 Asia Asia NNP 7960 2696 9 with with IN 7960 2696 10 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 2696 11 errand errand NN 7960 2696 12 of of IN 7960 2696 13 vengeance vengeance NN 7960 2696 14 unfulfilled unfulfilled JJ 7960 2696 15 . . . 7960 2697 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 2697 2 Illustration illustration NN 7960 2697 3 : : : 7960 2697 4 GREEK GREEK NNP 7960 2697 5 SOLDIERS soldier NNS 7960 2697 6 IN in IN 7960 2697 7 ARMS arms NN 7960 2697 8 Painting paint VBG 7960 2697 9 on on IN 7960 2697 10 a a DT 7960 2697 11 Greek greek JJ 7960 2697 12 vase vase NN 7960 2697 13 ] ] -RRB- 7960 2697 14 POLICIES policy NNS 7960 2697 15 OF of IN 7960 2697 16 ARISTIDES ARISTIDES NNP 7960 2697 17 AND and CC 7960 2697 18 THEMISTOCLES themistocle NNS 7960 2697 19 After after IN 7960 2697 20 the the DT 7960 2697 21 battle battle NN 7960 2697 22 of of IN 7960 2697 23 Marathon Marathon NNP 7960 2697 24 the the DT 7960 2697 25 Athenians Athenians NNPS 7960 2697 26 began begin VBD 7960 2697 27 to to TO 7960 2697 28 make make VB 7960 2697 29 preparations preparation NNS 7960 2697 30 to to TO 7960 2697 31 resist resist VB 7960 2697 32 another another DT 7960 2697 33 Persian persian JJ 7960 2697 34 invasion invasion NN 7960 2697 35 . . . 7960 2698 1 One one CD 7960 2698 2 of of IN 7960 2698 3 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 2698 4 leaders leader NNS 7960 2698 5 , , , 7960 2698 6 the the DT 7960 2698 7 eminent eminent JJ 7960 2698 8 Aristides Aristides NNP 7960 2698 9 , , , 7960 2698 10 thought think VBD 7960 2698 11 that that IN 7960 2698 12 they -PRON- PRP 7960 2698 13 should should MD 7960 2698 14 increase increase VB 7960 2698 15 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 2698 16 army army NN 7960 2698 17 and and CC 7960 2698 18 meet meet VB 7960 2698 19 the the DT 7960 2698 20 enemy enemy NN 7960 2698 21 on on IN 7960 2698 22 land land NN 7960 2698 23 . . . 7960 2699 1 His -PRON- PRP$ 7960 2699 2 rival rival NN 7960 2699 3 , , , 7960 2699 4 Themistocles Themistocles NNP 7960 2699 5 , , , 7960 2699 6 urged urge VBD 7960 2699 7 a a DT 7960 2699 8 different different JJ 7960 2699 9 policy policy NN 7960 2699 10 . . . 7960 2700 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 2700 2 would would MD 7960 2700 3 sacrifice sacrifice VB 7960 2700 4 the the DT 7960 2700 5 army army NN 7960 2700 6 to to IN 7960 2700 7 the the DT 7960 2700 8 navy navy NNP 7960 2700 9 and and CC 7960 2700 10 make make VB 7960 2700 11 Athens Athens NNP 7960 2700 12 the the DT 7960 2700 13 strongest strong JJS 7960 2700 14 sea sea NN 7960 2700 15 power power NN 7960 2700 16 in in IN 7960 2700 17 Greece Greece NNP 7960 2700 18 . . . 7960 2701 1 The the DT 7960 2701 2 safety safety NN 7960 2701 3 of of IN 7960 2701 4 Athens Athens NNP 7960 2701 5 , , , 7960 2701 6 he -PRON- PRP 7960 2701 7 argued argue VBD 7960 2701 8 , , , 7960 2701 9 lay lie VBD 7960 2701 10 in in IN 7960 2701 11 her -PRON- PRP$ 7960 2701 12 ships ship NNS 7960 2701 13 . . . 7960 2702 1 In in IN 7960 2702 2 order order NN 7960 2702 3 to to TO 7960 2702 4 settle settle VB 7960 2702 5 the the DT 7960 2702 6 question question NN 7960 2702 7 the the DT 7960 2702 8 opposing oppose VBG 7960 2702 9 statesmen statesman NNS 7960 2702 10 were be VBD 7960 2702 11 put put VBN 7960 2702 12 to to IN 7960 2702 13 the the DT 7960 2702 14 test test NN 7960 2702 15 of of IN 7960 2702 16 ostracism ostracism NN 7960 2702 17 . . . 7960 2703 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 2703 2 3 3 LS 7960 2703 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 2703 4 The the DT 7960 2703 5 vote vote NN 7960 2703 6 went go VBD 7960 2703 7 against against IN 7960 2703 8 Aristides Aristides NNP 7960 2703 9 , , , 7960 2703 10 who who WP 7960 2703 11 was be VBD 7960 2703 12 obliged oblige VBN 7960 2703 13 to to TO 7960 2703 14 withdraw withdraw VB 7960 2703 15 into into IN 7960 2703 16 exile exile NN 7960 2703 17 . . . 7960 2704 1 Themistocles themistocle NNS 7960 2704 2 , , , 7960 2704 3 now now RB 7960 2704 4 master master NN 7960 2704 5 of of IN 7960 2704 6 the the DT 7960 2704 7 situation situation NN 7960 2704 8 , , , 7960 2704 9 persuaded persuade VBD 7960 2704 10 the the DT 7960 2704 11 citizens citizen NNS 7960 2704 12 to to TO 7960 2704 13 use use VB 7960 2704 14 the the DT 7960 2704 15 revenues revenue NNS 7960 2704 16 from from IN 7960 2704 17 some some DT 7960 2704 18 silver silver JJ 7960 2704 19 mines mine NNS 7960 2704 20 in in IN 7960 2704 21 Attica Attica NNP 7960 2704 22 for for IN 7960 2704 23 the the DT 7960 2704 24 upbuilding upbuilding NN 7960 2704 25 of of IN 7960 2704 26 a a DT 7960 2704 27 fleet fleet NN 7960 2704 28 . . . 7960 2705 1 When when WRB 7960 2705 2 the the DT 7960 2705 3 Persians Persians NNPS 7960 2705 4 came come VBD 7960 2705 5 , , , 7960 2705 6 the the DT 7960 2705 7 Athenians Athenians NNPS 7960 2705 8 were be VBD 7960 2705 9 able able JJ 7960 2705 10 to to TO 7960 2705 11 oppose oppose VB 7960 2705 12 them -PRON- PRP 7960 2705 13 with with IN 7960 2705 14 nearly nearly RB 7960 2705 15 two two CD 7960 2705 16 hundred hundred CD 7960 2705 17 triremes trireme NNS 7960 2705 18 [ [ -LRB- 7960 2705 19 4]--the 4]--the DT 7960 2705 20 largest large JJS 7960 2705 21 navy navy NN 7960 2705 22 in in IN 7960 2705 23 Greece Greece NNP 7960 2705 24 . . . 7960 2706 1 33 33 CD 7960 2706 2 . . . 7960 2707 1 XERXES XERXES NNP 7960 2707 2 AND and CC 7960 2707 3 THE the DT 7960 2707 4 GREAT GREAT NNP 7960 2707 5 PERSIAN PERSIAN NNP 7960 2707 6 WAR WAR NNP 7960 2707 7 PREPARATIONS PREPARATIONS NNP 7960 2707 8 OF of IN 7960 2707 9 PERSIA PERSIA NNP 7960 2707 10 " " `` 7960 2707 11 Ten ten CD 7960 2707 12 years year NNS 7960 2707 13 after after IN 7960 2707 14 Marathon Marathon NNP 7960 2707 15 , , , 7960 2707 16 " " '' 7960 2707 17 says say VBZ 7960 2707 18 a a DT 7960 2707 19 Greek greek JJ 7960 2707 20 historian historian NN 7960 2707 21 , , , 7960 2707 22 " " `` 7960 2707 23 the the DT 7960 2707 24 ' ' `` 7960 2707 25 barbarians barbarian NNS 7960 2707 26 ' ' '' 7960 2707 27 returned return VBD 7960 2707 28 with with IN 7960 2707 29 the the DT 7960 2707 30 vast vast JJ 7960 2707 31 armament armament NN 7960 2707 32 which which WDT 7960 2707 33 was be VBD 7960 2707 34 to to TO 7960 2707 35 enslave enslave VB 7960 2707 36 Hellas Hellas NNP 7960 2707 37 . . . 7960 2707 38 " " '' 7960 2708 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 2708 2 5 5 CD 7960 2708 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 2708 4 Darius Darius NNP 7960 2708 5 was be VBD 7960 2708 6 now now RB 7960 2708 7 dead dead JJ 7960 2708 8 , , , 7960 2708 9 but but CC 7960 2708 10 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 2708 11 son son NN 7960 2708 12 Xerxes Xerxes NNP 7960 2708 13 had have VBD 7960 2708 14 determined determine VBN 7960 2708 15 to to TO 7960 2708 16 complete complete VB 7960 2708 17 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 2708 18 task task NN 7960 2708 19 . . . 7960 2709 1 Vast vast JJ 7960 2709 2 quantities quantity NNS 7960 2709 3 of of IN 7960 2709 4 provisions provision NNS 7960 2709 5 were be VBD 7960 2709 6 collected collect VBN 7960 2709 7 ; ; : 7960 2709 8 the the DT 7960 2709 9 Hellespont Hellespont NNP 7960 2709 10 was be VBD 7960 2709 11 bridged bridge VBN 7960 2709 12 with with IN 7960 2709 13 boats boat NNS 7960 2709 14 ; ; : 7960 2709 15 and and CC 7960 2709 16 the the DT 7960 2709 17 rocky rocky JJ 7960 2709 18 promontory promontory NN 7960 2709 19 of of IN 7960 2709 20 Mount Mount NNP 7960 2709 21 Athos Athos NNP 7960 2709 22 , , , 7960 2709 23 where where WRB 7960 2709 24 a a DT 7960 2709 25 previous previous JJ 7960 2709 26 fleet fleet NN 7960 2709 27 had have VBD 7960 2709 28 suffered suffer VBN 7960 2709 29 shipwreck shipwreck NN 7960 2709 30 , , , 7960 2709 31 was be VBD 7960 2709 32 pierced pierce VBN 7960 2709 33 with with IN 7960 2709 34 a a DT 7960 2709 35 canal canal NN 7960 2709 36 . . . 7960 2710 1 An an DT 7960 2710 2 army army NN 7960 2710 3 of of IN 7960 2710 4 several several JJ 7960 2710 5 hundred hundred CD 7960 2710 6 thousand thousand CD 7960 2710 7 men man NNS 7960 2710 8 was be VBD 7960 2710 9 brought bring VBN 7960 2710 10 together together RB 7960 2710 11 from from IN 7960 2710 12 all all DT 7960 2710 13 parts part NNS 7960 2710 14 of of IN 7960 2710 15 the the DT 7960 2710 16 Great Great NNP 7960 2710 17 King King NNP 7960 2710 18 's 's POS 7960 2710 19 domain domain NN 7960 2710 20 . . . 7960 2711 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 2711 2 evidently evidently RB 7960 2711 3 intended intend VBD 7960 2711 4 to to TO 7960 2711 5 crush crush VB 7960 2711 6 the the DT 7960 2711 7 Greeks Greeks NNPS 7960 2711 8 by by IN 7960 2711 9 sheer sheer JJ 7960 2711 10 weight weight NN 7960 2711 11 of of IN 7960 2711 12 numbers number NNS 7960 2711 13 . . . 7960 2712 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 2712 2 Illustration illustration NN 7960 2712 3 : : : 7960 2712 4 A a DT 7960 2712 5 THEMISTOCLES themistocles NN 7960 2712 6 OSTRAKON ostrakon NN 7960 2712 7 ( ( -LRB- 7960 2712 8 British British NNP 7960 2712 9 Museum Museum NNP 7960 2712 10 , , , 7960 2712 11 London London NNP 7960 2712 12 ) ) -RRB- 7960 2712 13 A a DT 7960 2712 14 fragment fragment NN 7960 2712 15 of of IN 7960 2712 16 a a DT 7960 2712 17 potsherd potsherd NN 7960 2712 18 found find VBN 7960 2712 19 in in IN 7960 2712 20 1897 1897 CD 7960 2712 21 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 2712 22 , , , 7960 2712 23 near near IN 7960 2712 24 the the DT 7960 2712 25 Acropolis Acropolis NNP 7960 2712 26 of of IN 7960 2712 27 Athens Athens NNP 7960 2712 28 . . . 7960 2713 1 This this DT 7960 2713 2 ostrakon ostrakon NN 7960 2713 3 was be VBD 7960 2713 4 used use VBN 7960 2713 5 to to TO 7960 2713 6 vote vote VB 7960 2713 7 for for IN 7960 2713 8 the the DT 7960 2713 9 ostracism ostracism NN 7960 2713 10 of of IN 7960 2713 11 Themistocles Themistocles NNP 7960 2713 12 , , , 7960 2713 13 either either CC 7960 2713 14 in in IN 7960 2713 15 483 483 CD 7960 2713 16 B.C. B.C. NNP 7960 2714 1 when when WRB 7960 2714 2 he -PRON- PRP 7960 2714 3 was be VBD 7960 2714 4 victorious victorious JJ 7960 2714 5 against against IN 7960 2714 6 Aristides Aristides NNP 7960 2714 7 , , , 7960 2714 8 or or CC 7960 2714 9 some some DT 7960 2714 10 ten ten CD 7960 2714 11 years year NNS 7960 2714 12 later later RB 7960 2714 13 , , , 7960 2714 14 when when WRB 7960 2714 15 Themistocles Themistocles NNP 7960 2714 16 was be VBD 7960 2714 17 himself -PRON- PRP 7960 2714 18 defeated defeat VBN 7960 2714 19 and and CC 7960 2714 20 forced force VBN 7960 2714 21 into into IN 7960 2714 22 exile exile NN 7960 2714 23 . . . 7960 2714 24 ] ] -RRB- 7960 2715 1 GREEK GREEK NNP 7960 2715 2 PREPARATIONS preparations NN 7960 2715 3 Xerxes xerxe NNS 7960 2715 4 did do VBD 7960 2715 5 not not RB 7960 2715 6 have have VB 7960 2715 7 to to TO 7960 2715 8 attack attack VB 7960 2715 9 a a DT 7960 2715 10 united united JJ 7960 2715 11 Greece Greece NNP 7960 2715 12 . . . 7960 2716 1 His -PRON- PRP$ 7960 2716 2 mighty mighty JJ 7960 2716 3 preparations preparation NNS 7960 2716 4 frightened frighten VBD 7960 2716 5 many many JJ 7960 2716 6 of of IN 7960 2716 7 the the DT 7960 2716 8 Greek greek JJ 7960 2716 9 states state NNS 7960 2716 10 into into IN 7960 2716 11 yielding yield VBG 7960 2716 12 , , , 7960 2716 13 when when WRB 7960 2716 14 Persian persian JJ 7960 2716 15 heralds herald VBZ 7960 2716 16 came come VBD 7960 2716 17 to to TO 7960 2716 18 demand demand VB 7960 2716 19 " " `` 7960 2716 20 earth earth NN 7960 2716 21 and and CC 7960 2716 22 water water NN 7960 2716 23 , , , 7960 2716 24 " " '' 7960 2716 25 the the DT 7960 2716 26 customary customary JJ 7960 2716 27 symbols symbol NNS 7960 2716 28 of of IN 7960 2716 29 submission submission NN 7960 2716 30 . . . 7960 2717 1 Some some DT 7960 2717 2 of of IN 7960 2717 3 the the DT 7960 2717 4 other other JJ 7960 2717 5 states state NNS 7960 2717 6 , , , 7960 2717 7 such such JJ 7960 2717 8 as as IN 7960 2717 9 Thebes Thebes NNP 7960 2717 10 , , , 7960 2717 11 which which WDT 7960 2717 12 was be VBD 7960 2717 13 jealous jealous JJ 7960 2717 14 of of IN 7960 2717 15 Athens Athens NNP 7960 2717 16 , , , 7960 2717 17 and and CC 7960 2717 18 Argos Argos NNP 7960 2717 19 , , , 7960 2717 20 equally equally RB 7960 2717 21 jealous jealous JJ 7960 2717 22 of of IN 7960 2717 23 Sparta Sparta NNP 7960 2717 24 , , , 7960 2717 25 did do VBD 7960 2717 26 nothing nothing NN 7960 2717 27 to to TO 7960 2717 28 help help VB 7960 2717 29 the the DT 7960 2717 30 loyal loyal JJ 7960 2717 31 Greeks Greeks NNPS 7960 2717 32 throughout throughout IN 7960 2717 33 the the DT 7960 2717 34 struggle struggle NN 7960 2717 35 . . . 7960 2718 1 But but CC 7960 2718 2 Athens Athens NNP 7960 2718 3 and and CC 7960 2718 4 Sparta Sparta NNP 7960 2718 5 with with IN 7960 2718 6 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 2718 7 allies ally NNS 7960 2718 8 remained remain VBD 7960 2718 9 joined join VBN 7960 2718 10 for for IN 7960 2718 11 resistance resistance NN 7960 2718 12 to to IN 7960 2718 13 the the DT 7960 2718 14 end end NN 7960 2718 15 . . . 7960 2719 1 Upon upon IN 7960 2719 2 the the DT 7960 2719 3 suggestion suggestion NN 7960 2719 4 of of IN 7960 2719 5 Themistocles Themistocles NNP 7960 2719 6 a a DT 7960 2719 7 congress congress NN 7960 2719 8 of of IN 7960 2719 9 representatives representative NNS 7960 2719 10 from from IN 7960 2719 11 the the DT 7960 2719 12 patriotic patriotic JJ 7960 2719 13 states state NNS 7960 2719 14 assembled assemble VBN 7960 2719 15 at at IN 7960 2719 16 the the DT 7960 2719 17 isthmus isthmus NN 7960 2719 18 of of IN 7960 2719 19 Corinth Corinth NNP 7960 2719 20 in in IN 7960 2719 21 481 481 CD 7960 2719 22 B.C. B.C. NNP 7960 2720 1 Measures measure NNS 7960 2720 2 of of IN 7960 2720 3 defense defense NN 7960 2720 4 were be VBD 7960 2720 5 taken take VBN 7960 2720 6 , , , 7960 2720 7 and and CC 7960 2720 8 Sparta Sparta NNP 7960 2720 9 was be VBD 7960 2720 10 put put VBN 7960 2720 11 in in IN 7960 2720 12 command command NN 7960 2720 13 of of IN 7960 2720 14 the the DT 7960 2720 15 allied allied NNP 7960 2720 16 fleet fleet NNP 7960 2720 17 and and CC 7960 2720 18 army army NNP 7960 2720 19 . . . 7960 2721 1 BATTLE battle NN 7960 2721 2 OF of IN 7960 2721 3 THERMOPYLAE thermopylae NN 7960 2721 4 , , , 7960 2721 5 480 480 CD 7960 2721 6 B.C. B.C. NNS 7960 2722 1 The the DT 7960 2722 2 campaigns campaign NNS 7960 2722 3 of of IN 7960 2722 4 the the DT 7960 2722 5 Great Great NNP 7960 2722 6 Persian Persian NNP 7960 2722 7 War War NNP 7960 2722 8 have have VBP 7960 2722 9 been be VBN 7960 2722 10 described describe VBN 7960 2722 11 , , , 7960 2722 12 once once RB 7960 2722 13 for for IN 7960 2722 14 all all DT 7960 2722 15 , , , 7960 2722 16 in in IN 7960 2722 17 the the DT 7960 2722 18 glowing glowing JJ 7960 2722 19 pages page NNS 7960 2722 20 of of IN 7960 2722 21 the the DT 7960 2722 22 Greek greek JJ 7960 2722 23 historian historian NN 7960 2722 24 , , , 7960 2722 25 Herodotus Herodotus NNP 7960 2722 26 . . . 7960 2723 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 2723 2 6 6 CD 7960 2723 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 2723 4 Early early RB 7960 2723 5 in in IN 7960 2723 6 the the DT 7960 2723 7 year year NN 7960 2723 8 480 480 CD 7960 2723 9 B.C. B.C. NNP 7960 2724 1 the the DT 7960 2724 2 Persian persian JJ 7960 2724 3 host host NN 7960 2724 4 moved move VBD 7960 2724 5 out out IN 7960 2724 6 of of IN 7960 2724 7 Sardis Sardis NNP 7960 2724 8 , , , 7960 2724 9 crossed cross VBD 7960 2724 10 the the DT 7960 2724 11 Hellespont Hellespont NNP 7960 2724 12 , , , 7960 2724 13 and and CC 7960 2724 14 advanced advance VBD 7960 2724 15 to to IN 7960 2724 16 the the DT 7960 2724 17 pass pass NN 7960 2724 18 of of IN 7960 2724 19 Thermopylae Thermopylae NNP 7960 2724 20 , , , 7960 2724 21 commanding command VBG 7960 2724 22 the the DT 7960 2724 23 entrance entrance NN 7960 2724 24 to to IN 7960 2724 25 central central JJ 7960 2724 26 Greece Greece NNP 7960 2724 27 . . . 7960 2725 1 This this DT 7960 2725 2 position position NN 7960 2725 3 , , , 7960 2725 4 one one CD 7960 2725 5 of of IN 7960 2725 6 great great JJ 7960 2725 7 natural natural JJ 7960 2725 8 strength strength NN 7960 2725 9 , , , 7960 2725 10 was be VBD 7960 2725 11 held hold VBN 7960 2725 12 by by IN 7960 2725 13 a a DT 7960 2725 14 few few JJ 7960 2725 15 thousand thousand CD 7960 2725 16 Greeks Greeks NNPS 7960 2725 17 under under IN 7960 2725 18 the the DT 7960 2725 19 Spartan spartan JJ 7960 2725 20 king king NN 7960 2725 21 , , , 7960 2725 22 Leonidas Leonidas NNP 7960 2725 23 . . . 7960 2726 1 For for IN 7960 2726 2 two two CD 7960 2726 3 days day NNS 7960 2726 4 Xerxes Xerxes NNP 7960 2726 5 hurled hurl VBD 7960 2726 6 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 2726 7 best good JJS 7960 2726 8 soldiers soldier NNS 7960 2726 9 against against IN 7960 2726 10 the the DT 7960 2726 11 defenders defender NNS 7960 2726 12 of of IN 7960 2726 13 Thermopylae Thermopylae NNP 7960 2726 14 , , , 7960 2726 15 only only RB 7960 2726 16 to to TO 7960 2726 17 find find VB 7960 2726 18 that that IN 7960 2726 19 numbers number NNS 7960 2726 20 did do VBD 7960 2726 21 not not RB 7960 2726 22 count count VB 7960 2726 23 in in IN 7960 2726 24 that that DT 7960 2726 25 narrow narrow JJ 7960 2726 26 defile defile NN 7960 2726 27 . . . 7960 2727 1 There there EX 7960 2727 2 is be VBZ 7960 2727 3 no no DT 7960 2727 4 telling tell VBG 7960 2727 5 how how WRB 7960 2727 6 long long JJ 7960 2727 7 the the DT 7960 2727 8 handful handful NN 7960 2727 9 of of IN 7960 2727 10 Greeks Greeks NNPS 7960 2727 11 might may MD 7960 2727 12 have have VB 7960 2727 13 kept keep VBN 7960 2727 14 back back RB 7960 2727 15 the the DT 7960 2727 16 Persian persian JJ 7960 2727 17 hordes horde NNS 7960 2727 18 , , , 7960 2727 19 had have VBD 7960 2727 20 not not RB 7960 2727 21 treachery treachery NN 7960 2727 22 come come VB 7960 2727 23 to to IN 7960 2727 24 the the DT 7960 2727 25 aid aid NN 7960 2727 26 of of IN 7960 2727 27 the the DT 7960 2727 28 enemy enemy NN 7960 2727 29 . . . 7960 2728 1 A a DT 7960 2728 2 traitor traitor NN 7960 2728 3 Greek Greek NNP 7960 2728 4 revealed reveal VBD 7960 2728 5 to to IN 7960 2728 6 Xerxes Xerxes NNP 7960 2728 7 the the DT 7960 2728 8 existence existence NN 7960 2728 9 of of IN 7960 2728 10 an an DT 7960 2728 11 unfrequented unfrequented JJ 7960 2728 12 path path NN 7960 2728 13 , , , 7960 2728 14 leading lead VBG 7960 2728 15 over over IN 7960 2728 16 the the DT 7960 2728 17 mountain mountain NN 7960 2728 18 in in IN 7960 2728 19 the the DT 7960 2728 20 rear rear NN 7960 2728 21 of of IN 7960 2728 22 the the DT 7960 2728 23 pass pass NN 7960 2728 24 . . . 7960 2729 1 A a DT 7960 2729 2 Persian persian JJ 7960 2729 3 detachment detachment NN 7960 2729 4 marched march VBD 7960 2729 5 over over IN 7960 2729 6 the the DT 7960 2729 7 trail trail NN 7960 2729 8 by by IN 7960 2729 9 night night NN 7960 2729 10 and and CC 7960 2729 11 took take VBD 7960 2729 12 up up RP 7960 2729 13 a a DT 7960 2729 14 position position NN 7960 2729 15 behind behind IN 7960 2729 16 the the DT 7960 2729 17 Greeks Greeks NNPS 7960 2729 18 . . . 7960 2730 1 The the DT 7960 2730 2 latter latter NN 7960 2730 3 still still RB 7960 2730 4 had have VBD 7960 2730 5 time time NN 7960 2730 6 to to TO 7960 2730 7 escape escape VB 7960 2730 8 , , , 7960 2730 9 but but CC 7960 2730 10 three three CD 7960 2730 11 hundred hundred CD 7960 2730 12 Spartans Spartans NNPS 7960 2730 13 and and CC 7960 2730 14 perhaps perhaps RB 7960 2730 15 two two CD 7960 2730 16 thousand thousand CD 7960 2730 17 allies ally NNS 7960 2730 18 refused refuse VBD 7960 2730 19 to to TO 7960 2730 20 desert desert VB 7960 2730 21 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 2730 22 post post NN 7960 2730 23 . . . 7960 2731 1 While while IN 7960 2731 2 Persian persian JJ 7960 2731 3 officers officer NNS 7960 2731 4 provided provide VBD 7960 2731 5 with with IN 7960 2731 6 whips whip NNS 7960 2731 7 lashed lash VBD 7960 2731 8 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 2731 9 unwilling unwilling JJ 7960 2731 10 troops troop NNS 7960 2731 11 to to IN 7960 2731 12 battle battle NN 7960 2731 13 , , , 7960 2731 14 Leonidas Leonidas NNP 7960 2731 15 and and CC 7960 2731 16 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 2731 17 men man NNS 7960 2731 18 fought fight VBD 7960 2731 19 till till IN 7960 2731 20 spears spear NNS 7960 2731 21 and and CC 7960 2731 22 swords sword NNS 7960 2731 23 were be VBD 7960 2731 24 broken break VBN 7960 2731 25 , , , 7960 2731 26 and and CC 7960 2731 27 hands hand NNS 7960 2731 28 and and CC 7960 2731 29 teeth tooth NNS 7960 2731 30 alone alone RB 7960 2731 31 remained remain VBD 7960 2731 32 as as IN 7960 2731 33 weapons weapon NNS 7960 2731 34 . . . 7960 2732 1 Xerxes xerxe NNS 7960 2732 2 at at IN 7960 2732 3 length length NN 7960 2732 4 gained gain VBD 7960 2732 5 the the DT 7960 2732 6 pass pass NN 7960 2732 7 -- -- : 7960 2732 8 but but CC 7960 2732 9 only only RB 7960 2732 10 over over IN 7960 2732 11 the the DT 7960 2732 12 bodies body NNS 7960 2732 13 of of IN 7960 2732 14 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 2732 15 heroic heroic JJ 7960 2732 16 defenders defender NNS 7960 2732 17 . . . 7960 2733 1 Years year NNS 7960 2733 2 later later RB 7960 2733 3 a a DT 7960 2733 4 monument monument NN 7960 2733 5 to to IN 7960 2733 6 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 2733 7 memory memory NN 7960 2733 8 was be VBD 7960 2733 9 raised raise VBN 7960 2733 10 on on IN 7960 2733 11 the the DT 7960 2733 12 field field NN 7960 2733 13 of of IN 7960 2733 14 battle battle NN 7960 2733 15 . . . 7960 2734 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 2734 2 bore bear VBD 7960 2734 3 the the DT 7960 2734 4 simple simple JJ 7960 2734 5 inscription inscription NN 7960 2734 6 : : : 7960 2734 7 " " `` 7960 2734 8 Stranger Stranger NNP 7960 2734 9 , , , 7960 2734 10 go go VB 7960 2734 11 tell tell VB 7960 2734 12 the the DT 7960 2734 13 Spartans Spartans NNPS 7960 2734 14 that that WDT 7960 2734 15 we -PRON- PRP 7960 2734 16 lie lie VBP 7960 2734 17 here here RB 7960 2734 18 in in IN 7960 2734 19 obedience obedience NN 7960 2734 20 to to IN 7960 2734 21 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 2734 22 commands command NNS 7960 2734 23 . . . 7960 2734 24 " " '' 7960 2735 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 2735 2 7 7 LS 7960 2735 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 2735 4 AFTER after IN 7960 2735 5 THERMOPYLAE thermopylae NN 7960 2735 6 After after IN 7960 2735 7 the the DT 7960 2735 8 disaster disaster NN 7960 2735 9 at at IN 7960 2735 10 Thermopylae Thermopylae NNP 7960 2735 11 nearly nearly RB 7960 2735 12 all all PDT 7960 2735 13 the the DT 7960 2735 14 states state NNS 7960 2735 15 of of IN 7960 2735 16 central central JJ 7960 2735 17 Greece Greece NNP 7960 2735 18 submitted submit VBD 7960 2735 19 to to IN 7960 2735 20 the the DT 7960 2735 21 Persians Persians NNPS 7960 2735 22 . . . 7960 2736 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 2736 2 marched march VBD 7960 2736 3 rapidly rapidly RB 7960 2736 4 through through IN 7960 2736 5 Boeotia Boeotia NNP 7960 2736 6 and and CC 7960 2736 7 Attica Attica NNP 7960 2736 8 to to IN 7960 2736 9 Athens Athens NNP 7960 2736 10 , , , 7960 2736 11 but but CC 7960 2736 12 found find VBD 7960 2736 13 a a DT 7960 2736 14 deserted desert VBN 7960 2736 15 city city NN 7960 2736 16 . . . 7960 2737 1 Upon upon IN 7960 2737 2 the the DT 7960 2737 3 advice advice NN 7960 2737 4 of of IN 7960 2737 5 Themistocles Themistocles NNP 7960 2737 6 the the DT 7960 2737 7 non non JJ 7960 2737 8 - - NNS 7960 2737 9 combatants combatant NNS 7960 2737 10 had have VBD 7960 2737 11 withdrawn withdraw VBN 7960 2737 12 to to IN 7960 2737 13 places place NNS 7960 2737 14 of of IN 7960 2737 15 safety safety NN 7960 2737 16 , , , 7960 2737 17 and and CC 7960 2737 18 the the DT 7960 2737 19 entire entire JJ 7960 2737 20 fighting fight VBG 7960 2737 21 force force NN 7960 2737 22 of of IN 7960 2737 23 Athens Athens NNP 7960 2737 24 had have VBD 7960 2737 25 embarked embark VBN 7960 2737 26 on on IN 7960 2737 27 the the DT 7960 2737 28 ships ship NNS 7960 2737 29 . . . 7960 2738 1 The the DT 7960 2738 2 Athenian athenian JJ 7960 2738 3 fleet fleet NN 7960 2738 4 took take VBD 7960 2738 5 up up RP 7960 2738 6 a a DT 7960 2738 7 position position NN 7960 2738 8 in in IN 7960 2738 9 the the DT 7960 2738 10 strait strait NNP 7960 2738 11 separating separate VBG 7960 2738 12 the the DT 7960 2738 13 island island NN 7960 2738 14 of of IN 7960 2738 15 Salamis Salamis NNP 7960 2738 16 from from IN 7960 2738 17 Attica Attica NNP 7960 2738 18 and and CC 7960 2738 19 awaited await VBD 7960 2738 20 the the DT 7960 2738 21 enemy enemy NN 7960 2738 22 . . . 7960 2739 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 2739 2 8 8 LS 7960 2739 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 2739 4 BATTLE battle NN 7960 2739 5 OF of IN 7960 2739 6 SALAMIS salami NNS 7960 2739 7 , , , 7960 2739 8 480 480 CD 7960 2739 9 B.C. B.C. 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NNP 7960 2756 1 Mardonius Mardonius NNP 7960 2756 2 passed pass VBD 7960 2756 3 the the DT 7960 2756 4 winter winter NN 7960 2756 5 quietly quietly RB 7960 2756 6 in in IN 7960 2756 7 Thessaly Thessaly NNP 7960 2756 8 , , , 7960 2756 9 preparing prepare VBG 7960 2756 10 for for IN 7960 2756 11 the the DT 7960 2756 12 spring spring NN 7960 2756 13 campaign campaign NN 7960 2756 14 . . . 7960 2757 1 The the DT 7960 2757 2 Greeks Greeks NNPS 7960 2757 3 in in IN 7960 2757 4 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 2757 5 turn turn NN 7960 2757 6 made make VBD 7960 2757 7 a a DT 7960 2757 8 final final JJ 7960 2757 9 effort effort NN 7960 2757 10 . . . 7960 2758 1 A a DT 7960 2758 2 strong strong JJ 7960 2758 3 Spartan Spartan NNP 7960 2758 4 army army NN 7960 2758 5 , , , 7960 2758 6 supported support VBN 7960 2758 7 by by IN 7960 2758 8 the the DT 7960 2758 9 Athenians Athenians NNPS 7960 2758 10 and and CC 7960 2758 11 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 2758 12 allies ally NNS 7960 2758 13 , , , 7960 2758 14 met meet VBD 7960 2758 15 the the DT 7960 2758 16 Persians Persians NNPS 7960 2758 17 near near IN 7960 2758 18 the the DT 7960 2758 19 little little JJ 7960 2758 20 town town NN 7960 2758 21 of of IN 7960 2758 22 Plataea Plataea NNP 7960 2758 23 in in IN 7960 2758 24 Boeotia Boeotia NNP 7960 2758 25 . . . 7960 2759 1 Here here RB 7960 2759 2 the the DT 7960 2759 3 heavy heavy JJ 7960 2759 4 - 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B.C. 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7960 2794 8 humble humble VB 7960 2794 9 the the DT 7960 2794 10 pride pride NN 7960 2794 11 of of IN 7960 2794 12 Persia Persia NNP 7960 2794 13 . . . 7960 2795 1 As as IN 7960 2795 2 the the DT 7960 2795 3 outcome outcome NN 7960 2795 4 of of IN 7960 2795 5 Cimon Cimon NNP 7960 2795 6 's 's POS 7960 2795 7 successful successful JJ 7960 2795 8 campaigns campaign NNS 7960 2795 9 the the DT 7960 2795 10 southern southern JJ 7960 2795 11 coast coast NN 7960 2795 12 of of IN 7960 2795 13 Asia Asia NNP 7960 2795 14 Minor Minor NNP 7960 2795 15 was be VBD 7960 2795 16 added add VBN 7960 2795 17 to to IN 7960 2795 18 the the DT 7960 2795 19 Delian Delian NNP 7960 2795 20 League League NNP 7960 2795 21 , , , 7960 2795 22 and and CC 7960 2795 23 the the DT 7960 2795 24 Greek greek JJ 7960 2795 25 cities city NNS 7960 2795 26 at at IN 7960 2795 27 the the DT 7960 2795 28 mouth mouth NN 7960 2795 29 of of IN 7960 2795 30 the the DT 7960 2795 31 Black Black NNP 7960 2795 32 Sea Sea NNP 7960 2795 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NNS 7960 2798 1 While while IN 7960 2798 2 the the DT 7960 2798 3 Greeks Greeks NNPS 7960 2798 4 were be VBD 7960 2798 5 gaining gain VBG 7960 2798 6 these these DT 7960 2798 7 victories victory NNS 7960 2798 8 , , , 7960 2798 9 the the DT 7960 2798 10 character character NN 7960 2798 11 of of IN 7960 2798 12 the the DT 7960 2798 13 Delian Delian NNP 7960 2798 14 League League NNP 7960 2798 15 was be VBD 7960 2798 16 being be VBG 7960 2798 17 transformed transform VBN 7960 2798 18 . . . 7960 2799 1 Many many JJ 7960 2799 2 of of IN 7960 2799 3 the the DT 7960 2799 4 cities city NNS 7960 2799 5 , , , 7960 2799 6 instead instead RB 7960 2799 7 of of IN 7960 2799 8 furnishing furnish VBG 7960 2799 9 ships ship NNS 7960 2799 10 , , , 7960 2799 11 had have VBD 7960 2799 12 taken take VBN 7960 2799 13 the the DT 7960 2799 14 easier easy JJR 7960 2799 15 course course NN 7960 2799 16 of of IN 7960 2799 17 making make VBG 7960 2799 18 all all PDT 7960 2799 19 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 2799 20 contributions contribution NNS 7960 2799 21 in in IN 7960 2799 22 money money NN 7960 2799 23 . . . 7960 2800 1 The the DT 7960 2800 2 change change NN 7960 2800 3 really really RB 7960 2800 4 played play VBD 7960 2800 5 into into IN 7960 2800 6 the the DT 7960 2800 7 hands hand NNS 7960 2800 8 of of IN 7960 2800 9 Athens Athens NNP 7960 2800 10 , , , 7960 2800 11 for for IN 7960 2800 12 the the DT 7960 2800 13 tribute tribute NN 7960 2800 14 enabled enable VBD 7960 2800 15 the the DT 7960 2800 16 Athenians Athenians NNPS 7960 2800 17 to to TO 7960 2800 18 build build VB 7960 2800 19 the the DT 7960 2800 20 ships ship NNS 7960 2800 21 themselves -PRON- PRP 7960 2800 22 and and CC 7960 2800 23 add add VB 7960 2800 24 them -PRON- PRP 7960 2800 25 to to IN 7960 2800 26 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 2800 27 own own JJ 7960 2800 28 navy navy NN 7960 2800 29 . . . 7960 2801 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 2801 2 soon soon RB 7960 2801 3 had have VBD 7960 2801 4 a a DT 7960 2801 5 fleet fleet NN 7960 2801 6 powerful powerful JJ 7960 2801 7 enough enough RB 7960 2801 8 to to TO 7960 2801 9 coerce coerce VB 7960 2801 10 any any DT 7960 2801 11 city city NN 7960 2801 12 that that WDT 7960 2801 13 failed fail VBD 7960 2801 14 to to TO 7960 2801 15 pay pay VB 7960 2801 16 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 2801 17 assessments assessment NNS 7960 2801 18 or or CC 7960 2801 19 tried try VBD 7960 2801 20 to to TO 7960 2801 21 withdraw withdraw VB 7960 2801 22 from from IN 7960 2801 23 the the DT 7960 2801 24 league league NN 7960 2801 25 . . . 7960 2802 1 Eventually eventually RB 7960 2802 2 the the DT 7960 2802 3 common common JJ 7960 2802 4 treasure treasure NN 7960 2802 5 was be VBD 7960 2802 6 transferred transfer VBN 7960 2802 7 from from IN 7960 2802 8 Delos Delos NNP 7960 2802 9 to to IN 7960 2802 10 Athens Athens NNP 7960 2802 11 . . . 7960 2803 1 The the DT 7960 2803 2 date date NN 7960 2803 3 of of IN 7960 2803 4 this this DT 7960 2803 5 event event NN 7960 2803 6 ( ( -LRB- 7960 2803 7 454 454 CD 7960 2803 8 B.C. 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2812 10 the the DT 7960 2812 11 aristocrats aristocrat NNS 7960 2812 12 of of IN 7960 2812 13 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 2812 14 most most RBS 7960 2812 15 prominent prominent JJ 7960 2812 16 representative representative NN 7960 2812 17 . . . 7960 2813 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 2813 2 was be VBD 7960 2813 3 possible possible JJ 7960 2813 4 for for IN 7960 2813 5 the the DT 7960 2813 6 democratic democratic JJ 7960 2813 7 or or CC 7960 2813 8 liberal liberal JJ 7960 2813 9 party party NN 7960 2813 10 to to TO 7960 2813 11 assume assume VB 7960 2813 12 complete complete JJ 7960 2813 13 control control NN 7960 2813 14 of of IN 7960 2813 15 public public JJ 7960 2813 16 affairs affair NNS 7960 2813 17 . . . 7960 2814 1 Pericles pericle NNS 7960 2814 2 , , , 7960 2814 3 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 2814 4 leader leader NN 7960 2814 5 and and CC 7960 2814 6 champion champion NN 7960 2814 7 , , , 7960 2814 8 was be VBD 7960 2814 9 a a DT 7960 2814 10 man man NN 7960 2814 11 of of IN 7960 2814 12 studious 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NNPS 7960 2861 36 themselves -PRON- PRP 7960 2861 37 was be VBD 7960 2861 38 transacted transact VBN 7960 2861 39 . . . 7960 2862 1 Thus thus RB 7960 2862 2 , , , 7960 2862 3 even even RB 7960 2862 4 in in IN 7960 2862 5 matters matter NNS 7960 2862 6 of of IN 7960 2862 7 law law NN 7960 2862 8 , , , 7960 2862 9 the the DT 7960 2862 10 Athenian athenian JJ 7960 2862 11 government government NN 7960 2862 12 was be VBD 7960 2862 13 completely completely RB 7960 2862 14 democratic democratic JJ 7960 2862 15 . . . 7960 2863 1 STRENGTH STRENGTH NNP 7960 2863 2 AND and CC 7960 2863 3 WEAKNESS weakness NN 7960 2863 4 OF of IN 7960 2863 5 THE the DT 7960 2863 6 ATHENIAN ATHENIAN NNP 7960 2863 7 DEMOCRACY DEMOCRACY NNP 7960 2863 8 Democracy Democracy NNP 7960 2863 9 then then RB 7960 2863 10 , , , 7960 2863 11 reached reach VBD 7960 2863 12 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 2863 13 height height NN 7960 2863 14 in in IN 7960 2863 15 ancient ancient JJ 7960 2863 16 Athens Athens NNP 7960 2863 17 . . . 7960 2864 1 The the DT 7960 2864 2 people people NNS 7960 2864 3 ruled rule VBD 7960 2864 4 , , , 7960 2864 5 and and CC 7960 2864 6 they -PRON- PRP 7960 2864 7 ruled rule VBD 7960 2864 8 directly directly RB 7960 2864 9 . . . 7960 2865 1 Every every DT 7960 2865 2 citizen citizen NN 7960 2865 3 had have VBD 7960 2865 4 some some DT 7960 2865 5 active active JJ 7960 2865 6 part part NN 7960 2865 7 in in IN 7960 2865 8 politics politic NNS 7960 2865 9 . . . 7960 2866 1 Such such PDT 7960 2866 2 a a DT 7960 2866 3 system system NN 7960 2866 4 worked work VBD 7960 2866 5 well well RB 7960 2866 6 in in IN 7960 2866 7 the the DT 7960 2866 8 management management NN 7960 2866 9 of of IN 7960 2866 10 a a DT 7960 2866 11 small small JJ 7960 2866 12 city city NN 7960 2866 13 - - HYPH 7960 2866 14 state state NN 7960 2866 15 like like IN 7960 2866 16 Athens Athens NNP 7960 2866 17 . . . 7960 2867 1 But but CC 7960 2867 2 if if IN 7960 2867 3 the the DT 7960 2867 4 Athenians Athenians NNPS 7960 2867 5 could could MD 7960 2867 6 govern govern VB 7960 2867 7 themselves -PRON- PRP 7960 2867 8 , , , 7960 2867 9 they -PRON- PRP 7960 2867 10 proved prove VBD 7960 2867 11 unable unable JJ 7960 2867 12 to to TO 7960 2867 13 govern govern VB 7960 2867 14 an an DT 7960 2867 15 empire empire NN 7960 2867 16 with with IN 7960 2867 17 justice justice NN 7960 2867 18 and and CC 7960 2867 19 wisdom wisdom NN 7960 2867 20 . . . 7960 2868 1 There there EX 7960 2868 2 was be VBD 7960 2868 3 no no DT 7960 2868 4 such such JJ 7960 2868 5 thing thing NN 7960 2868 6 as as IN 7960 2868 7 representation representation NN 7960 2868 8 in in IN 7960 2868 9 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 2868 10 constitution constitution NN 7960 2868 11 . . . 7960 2869 1 The the DT 7960 2869 2 subject subject JJ 7960 2869 3 cities city NNS 7960 2869 4 had have VBD 7960 2869 5 no no DT 7960 2869 6 one one NN 7960 2869 7 to to TO 7960 2869 8 speak speak VB 7960 2869 9 for for IN 7960 2869 10 them -PRON- PRP 7960 2869 11 in in IN 7960 2869 12 the the DT 7960 2869 13 Assembly Assembly NNP 7960 2869 14 or or CC 7960 2869 15 before before IN 7960 2869 16 the the DT 7960 2869 17 jury jury NN 7960 2869 18 courts court NNS 7960 2869 19 . . . 7960 2870 1 We -PRON- PRP 7960 2870 2 shall shall MD 7960 2870 3 notice notice VB 7960 2870 4 the the DT 7960 2870 5 same same JJ 7960 2870 6 absence absence NN 7960 2870 7 of of IN 7960 2870 8 a a DT 7960 2870 9 representative representative JJ 7960 2870 10 system system NN 7960 2870 11 in in IN 7960 2870 12 republican republican JJ 7960 2870 13 Rome Rome NNP 7960 2870 14 . . . 7960 2871 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 2871 2 12 12 CD 7960 2871 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 2871 4 SYSTEM system NN 7960 2871 5 OF of IN 7960 2871 6 STATE state NN 7960 2871 7 PAY pay NN 7960 2871 8 A a DT 7960 2871 9 large large JJ 7960 2871 10 number number NN 7960 2871 11 of of IN 7960 2871 12 Athenians Athenians NNPS 7960 2871 13 were be VBD 7960 2871 14 relieved relieve VBN 7960 2871 15 from from IN 7960 2871 16 the the DT 7960 2871 17 necessity necessity NN 7960 2871 18 of of IN 7960 2871 19 working work VBG 7960 2871 20 for for IN 7960 2871 21 themselves -PRON- PRP 7960 2871 22 through through IN 7960 2871 23 the the DT 7960 2871 24 system system NN 7960 2871 25 of of IN 7960 2871 26 state state NN 7960 2871 27 pay pay NN 7960 2871 28 introduced introduce VBN 7960 2871 29 by by IN 7960 2871 30 Pericles Pericles NNP 7960 2871 31 . . . 7960 2872 1 Jurors juror NNS 7960 2872 2 , , , 7960 2872 3 soldiers soldier NNS 7960 2872 4 , , , 7960 2872 5 and and CC 7960 2872 6 sailors sailor NNS 7960 2872 7 received receive VBD 7960 2872 8 money money NN 7960 2872 9 for for IN 7960 2872 10 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 2872 11 services service NNS 7960 2872 12 . . . 7960 2873 1 Later later RB 7960 2873 2 , , , 7960 2873 3 in in IN 7960 2873 4 the the DT 7960 2873 5 fourth fourth JJ 7960 2873 6 century century NN 7960 2873 7 , , , 7960 2873 8 citizens citizen NNS 7960 2873 9 accepted accept VBD 7960 2873 10 fees fee NNS 7960 2873 11 for for IN 7960 2873 12 attending attend VBG 7960 2873 13 the the DT 7960 2873 14 Assembly Assembly NNP 7960 2873 15 . . . 7960 2874 1 These these DT 7960 2874 2 payments payment NNS 7960 2874 3 , , , 7960 2874 4 though though IN 7960 2874 5 small small JJ 7960 2874 6 , , , 7960 2874 7 enabled enable VBD 7960 2874 8 poor poor JJ 7960 2874 9 citizens citizen NNS 7960 2874 10 to to TO 7960 2874 11 devote devote VB 7960 2874 12 much much JJ 7960 2874 13 time time NN 7960 2874 14 to to IN 7960 2874 15 public public JJ 7960 2874 16 duties duty NNS 7960 2874 17 . . . 7960 2875 1 INDUSTRIAL INDUSTRIAL NNP 7960 2875 2 ATHENS ATHENS NNP 7960 2875 3 Athens Athens NNP 7960 2875 4 contained contain VBD 7960 2875 5 many many JJ 7960 2875 6 skilled skilled JJ 7960 2875 7 workmen workman NNS 7960 2875 8 whose whose WP$ 7960 2875 9 daily daily JJ 7960 2875 10 tasks task NNS 7960 2875 11 gave give VBD 7960 2875 12 them -PRON- PRP 7960 2875 13 scant scant JJ 7960 2875 14 opportunity opportunity NN 7960 2875 15 to to TO 7960 2875 16 engage engage VB 7960 2875 17 in in IN 7960 2875 18 the the DT 7960 2875 19 exciting exciting JJ 7960 2875 20 game game NN 7960 2875 21 of of IN 7960 2875 22 politics politic NNS 7960 2875 23 . . . 7960 2876 1 The the DT 7960 2876 2 average average JJ 7960 2876 3 rate rate NN 7960 2876 4 of of IN 7960 2876 5 wages wage NNS 7960 2876 6 was be VBD 7960 2876 7 very very RB 7960 2876 8 low low JJ 7960 2876 9 . . . 7960 2877 1 In in IN 7960 2877 2 spite spite NN 7960 2877 3 of of IN 7960 2877 4 cheap cheap JJ 7960 2877 5 food food NN 7960 2877 6 and and CC 7960 2877 7 modest modest JJ 7960 2877 8 requirements requirement NNS 7960 2877 9 for for IN 7960 2877 10 clothing clothing NN 7960 2877 11 and and CC 7960 2877 12 shelter shelter NN 7960 2877 13 , , , 7960 2877 14 it -PRON- PRP 7960 2877 15 must must MD 7960 2877 16 have have VB 7960 2877 17 been be VBN 7960 2877 18 difficult difficult JJ 7960 2877 19 for for IN 7960 2877 20 the the DT 7960 2877 21 laborer laborer NN 7960 2877 22 to to TO 7960 2877 23 keep keep VB 7960 2877 24 body body NN 7960 2877 25 and and CC 7960 2877 26 soul soul NN 7960 2877 27 together together RB 7960 2877 28 . . . 7960 2878 1 Outside outside IN 7960 2878 2 of of IN 7960 2878 3 Athens Athens NNP 7960 2878 4 , , , 7960 2878 5 in in IN 7960 2878 6 the the DT 7960 2878 7 country country NN 7960 2878 8 districts district NNS 7960 2878 9 of of IN 7960 2878 10 Attica Attica NNP 7960 2878 11 , , , 7960 2878 12 lived live VBD 7960 2878 13 the the DT 7960 2878 14 peasants peasant NNS 7960 2878 15 whose whose WP$ 7960 2878 16 little little JJ 7960 2878 17 farms farm NNS 7960 2878 18 produced produce VBD 7960 2878 19 the the DT 7960 2878 20 olives olive NNS 7960 2878 21 , , , 7960 2878 22 grapes grape NNS 7960 2878 23 , , , 7960 2878 24 and and CC 7960 2878 25 figs fig NNS 7960 2878 26 for for IN 7960 2878 27 which which WDT 7960 2878 28 Attica Attica NNP 7960 2878 29 was be VBD 7960 2878 30 celebrated celebrate VBN 7960 2878 31 . . . 7960 2879 1 SLAVERY SLAVERY NNP 7960 2879 2 There there EX 7960 2879 3 were be VBD 7960 2879 4 many many JJ 7960 2879 5 thousands thousand NNS 7960 2879 6 of of IN 7960 2879 7 slaves slave NNS 7960 2879 8 in in IN 7960 2879 9 Athens Athens NNP 7960 2879 10 and and CC 7960 2879 11 Attica Attica NNP 7960 2879 12 at at IN 7960 2879 13 this this DT 7960 2879 14 period period NN 7960 2879 15 . . . 7960 2880 1 Their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 2880 2 number number NN 7960 2880 3 was be VBD 7960 2880 4 so so RB 7960 2880 5 great great JJ 7960 2880 6 and and CC 7960 2880 7 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 2880 8 labor labor NN 7960 2880 9 so so RB 7960 2880 10 cheap cheap JJ 7960 2880 11 that that IN 7960 2880 12 we -PRON- PRP 7960 2880 13 may may MD 7960 2880 14 think think VB 7960 2880 15 of of IN 7960 2880 16 them -PRON- PRP 7960 2880 17 as as IN 7960 2880 18 taking take VBG 7960 2880 19 the the DT 7960 2880 20 place place NN 7960 2880 21 of of IN 7960 2880 22 modern modern JJ 7960 2880 23 machines machine NNS 7960 2880 24 . . . 7960 2881 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 2881 2 was be VBD 7960 2881 3 the the DT 7960 2881 4 slaves slave NNS 7960 2881 5 who who WP 7960 2881 6 did do VBD 7960 2881 7 most most JJS 7960 2881 8 of of IN 7960 2881 9 the the DT 7960 2881 10 work work NN 7960 2881 11 on on IN 7960 2881 12 the the DT 7960 2881 13 large large JJ 7960 2881 14 estates estate NNS 7960 2881 15 owned own VBN 7960 2881 16 by by IN 7960 2881 17 wealthy wealthy JJ 7960 2881 18 men man NNS 7960 2881 19 , , , 7960 2881 20 who who WP 7960 2881 21 toiled toil VBD 7960 2881 22 in in IN 7960 2881 23 the the DT 7960 2881 24 mines mine NNS 7960 2881 25 and and CC 7960 2881 26 quarries quarry NNS 7960 2881 27 , , , 7960 2881 28 and and CC 7960 2881 29 who who WP 7960 2881 30 served serve VBD 7960 2881 31 as as IN 7960 2881 32 oarsmen oarsman NNS 7960 2881 33 on on IN 7960 2881 34 the the DT 7960 2881 35 ships ship NNS 7960 2881 36 . . . 7960 2882 1 The the DT 7960 2882 2 system system NN 7960 2882 3 of of IN 7960 2882 4 slavery slavery NN 7960 2882 5 enabled enable VBD 7960 2882 6 many many PDT 7960 2882 7 an an DT 7960 2882 8 Athenian Athenian NNP 7960 2882 9 to to TO 7960 2882 10 live live VB 7960 2882 11 a a DT 7960 2882 12 life life NN 7960 2882 13 of of IN 7960 2882 14 leisure leisure NN 7960 2882 15 , , , 7960 2882 16 but but CC 7960 2882 17 it -PRON- PRP 7960 2882 18 lowered lower VBD 7960 2882 19 the the DT 7960 2882 20 dignity dignity NN 7960 2882 21 of of IN 7960 2882 22 labor labor NN 7960 2882 23 and and CC 7960 2882 24 tended tend VBD 7960 2882 25 to to TO 7960 2882 26 prevent prevent VB 7960 2882 27 the the DT 7960 2882 28 rise rise NN 7960 2882 29 of of IN 7960 2882 30 the the DT 7960 2882 31 poorer poor JJR 7960 2882 32 citizens citizen NNS 7960 2882 33 to to IN 7960 2882 34 positions position NNS 7960 2882 35 of of IN 7960 2882 36 responsibility responsibility NN 7960 2882 37 . . . 7960 2883 1 In in IN 7960 2883 2 Greece Greece NNP 7960 2883 3 , , , 7960 2883 4 as as IN 7960 2883 5 in in IN 7960 2883 6 the the DT 7960 2883 7 Orient Orient NNP 7960 2883 8 , , , 7960 2883 9 [ [ -LRB- 7960 2883 10 13 13 CD 7960 2883 11 ] ] -RRB- 7960 2883 12 slavery slavery NN 7960 2883 13 cast cast VBD 7960 2883 14 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 2883 15 blight blight NN 7960 2883 16 over over IN 7960 2883 17 free free JJ 7960 2883 18 industry industry NN 7960 2883 19 . . . 7960 2884 1 COMMERCIAL COMMERCIAL NNP 7960 2884 2 ATHENS athen VBD 7960 2884 3 The the DT 7960 2884 4 Athenian athenian JJ 7960 2884 5 city city NN 7960 2884 6 was be VBD 7960 2884 7 now now RB 7960 2884 8 the the DT 7960 2884 9 chief chief JJ 7960 2884 10 center center NN 7960 2884 11 of of IN 7960 2884 12 Greek Greek NNP 7960 2884 13 commerce commerce NN 7960 2884 14 . . . 7960 2885 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 2885 2 14 14 CD 7960 2885 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 2885 4 " " `` 7960 2885 5 The the DT 7960 2885 6 fruits fruit NNS 7960 2885 7 of of IN 7960 2885 8 the the DT 7960 2885 9 whole whole JJ 7960 2885 10 earth earth NN 7960 2885 11 , , , 7960 2885 12 " " '' 7960 2885 13 said say VBD 7960 2885 14 Pericles Pericles NNP 7960 2885 15 , , , 7960 2885 16 " " `` 7960 2885 17 flow flow VBP 7960 2885 18 in in RP 7960 2885 19 upon upon IN 7960 2885 20 us -PRON- PRP 7960 2885 21 ; ; : 7960 2885 22 so so CC 7960 2885 23 that that IN 7960 2885 24 we -PRON- PRP 7960 2885 25 enjoy enjoy VBP 7960 2885 26 the the DT 7960 2885 27 goods good NNS 7960 2885 28 of of IN 7960 2885 29 other other JJ 7960 2885 30 Commercial commercial JJ 7960 2885 31 countries country NNS 7960 2885 32 as as RB 7960 2885 33 freely freely RB 7960 2885 34 as as IN 7960 2885 35 of of IN 7960 2885 36 our -PRON- PRP$ 7960 2885 37 own own JJ 7960 2885 38 . . . 7960 2885 39 " " '' 7960 2886 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 2886 2 15 15 CD 7960 2886 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 2886 4 Exports export NNS 7960 2886 5 of of IN 7960 2886 6 Athens Athens NNP 7960 2886 7 wine wine NN 7960 2886 8 and and CC 7960 2886 9 olive olive NN 7960 2886 10 oil oil NN 7960 2886 11 , , , 7960 2886 12 pottery pottery NN 7960 2886 13 , , , 7960 2886 14 metal metal NN 7960 2886 15 wares ware NNS 7960 2886 16 , , , 7960 2886 17 and and CC 7960 2886 18 objects object NNS 7960 2886 19 of of IN 7960 2886 20 art art NN 7960 2886 21 were be VBD 7960 2886 22 sent send VBN 7960 2886 23 out out RP 7960 2886 24 from from IN 7960 2886 25 Piraeus Piraeus NNP 7960 2886 26 [ [ -LRB- 7960 2886 27 16 16 CD 7960 2886 28 ] ] -RRB- 7960 2886 29 to to IN 7960 2886 30 every every DT 7960 2886 31 region region NN 7960 2886 32 of of IN 7960 2886 33 the the DT 7960 2886 34 Mediterranean Mediterranean NNP 7960 2886 35 . . . 7960 2887 1 The the DT 7960 2887 2 imports import NNS 7960 2887 3 from from IN 7960 2887 4 the the DT 7960 2887 5 Black Black NNP 7960 2887 6 Sea Sea NNP 7960 2887 7 region region NN 7960 2887 8 , , , 7960 2887 9 Thrace Thrace NNP 7960 2887 10 , , , 7960 2887 11 and and CC 7960 2887 12 the the DT 7960 2887 13 Aegean Aegean NNP 7960 2887 14 included include VBD 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IN 7960 2888 17 bringing bring VBG 7960 2888 18 in in RP 7960 2888 19 food food NN 7960 2888 20 from from IN 7960 2888 21 abroad abroad RB 7960 2888 22 . . . 7960 2889 1 To to TO 7960 2889 2 make make VB 7960 2889 3 sure sure JJ 7960 2889 4 that that IN 7960 2889 5 in in IN 7960 2889 6 time time NN 7960 2889 7 of of IN 7960 2889 8 war war NN 7960 2889 9 there there EX 7960 2889 10 should should MD 7960 2889 11 be be VB 7960 2889 12 no no DT 7960 2889 13 interruption interruption NN 7960 2889 14 of of IN 7960 2889 15 food food NN 7960 2889 16 supplies supply NNS 7960 2889 17 , , , 7960 2889 18 the the DT 7960 2889 19 Athenians Athenians NNPS 7960 2889 20 built build VBD 7960 2889 21 the the DT 7960 2889 22 celebrated celebrate VBN 7960 2889 23 Long Long NNP 7960 2889 24 Walls Walls NNPS 7960 2889 25 , , , 7960 2889 26 between between IN 7960 2889 27 the the DT 7960 2889 28 city city NN 7960 2889 29 and and CC 7960 2889 30 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 2889 31 port port NN 7960 2889 32 of of IN 7960 2889 33 Piraeus Piraeus NNP 7960 2889 34 . . . 7960 2890 1 ( ( -LRB- 7960 2890 2 See see VB 7960 2890 3 the the DT 7960 2890 4 map map NN 7960 2890 5 below below RB 7960 2890 6 ) ) -RRB- 7960 2890 7 Henceforth henceforth RB 7960 2890 8 they -PRON- PRP 7960 2890 9 felt feel VBD 7960 2890 10 secure secure JJ 7960 2890 11 from from IN 7960 2890 12 attack attack NN 7960 2890 13 , , , 7960 2890 14 as as RB 7960 2890 15 long long RB 7960 2890 16 as as IN 7960 2890 17 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 2890 18 navy navy NN 7960 2890 19 ruled rule VBD 7960 2890 20 the the DT 7960 2890 21 Aegean Aegean NNP 7960 2890 22 . . . 7960 2891 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 2891 2 Illustration illustration NN 7960 2891 3 : : : 7960 2891 4 Map Map NNP 7960 2891 5 , , , 7960 2891 6 THE the DT 7960 2891 7 VICINITY vicinity NN 7960 2891 8 OF of IN 7960 2891 9 ATHENS ATHENS NNP 7960 2891 10 ] ] -RRB- 7960 2891 11 ARTISTIC ARTISTIC NNP 7960 2891 12 AND and CC 7960 2891 13 INTELLECTUAL intellectual NN 7960 2891 14 ATHENS athen VBN 7960 2891 15 In in IN 7960 2891 16 the the DT 7960 2891 17 days day NNS 7960 2891 18 of of IN 7960 2891 19 her -PRON- PRP$ 7960 2891 20 prosperity prosperity NN 7960 2891 21 Athens Athens NNP 7960 2891 22 began begin VBD 7960 2891 23 to to TO 7960 2891 24 make make VB 7960 2891 25 herself -PRON- PRP 7960 2891 26 not not RB 7960 2891 27 only only RB 7960 2891 28 a a DT 7960 2891 29 strong strong JJ 7960 2891 30 , , , 7960 2891 31 but but CC 7960 2891 32 also also RB 7960 2891 33 a a DT 7960 2891 34 beautiful beautiful JJ 7960 2891 35 , , , 7960 2891 36 city city NN 7960 2891 37 . . . 7960 2892 1 The the DT 7960 2892 2 temples temple NNS 7960 2892 3 and and CC 7960 2892 4 other other JJ 7960 2892 5 structures structure NNS 7960 2892 6 which which WDT 7960 2892 7 were be VBD 7960 2892 8 raised raise VBN 7960 2892 9 on on IN 7960 2892 10 the the DT 7960 2892 11 Acropolis Acropolis NNPS 7960 2892 12 during during IN 7960 2892 13 the the DT 7960 2892 14 Age Age NNP 7960 2892 15 of of IN 7960 2892 16 Pericles Pericles NNPS 7960 2892 17 still still RB 7960 2892 18 excite excite VBP 7960 2892 19 , , , 7960 2892 20 even even RB 7960 2892 21 in in IN 7960 2892 22 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 2892 23 ruins ruin NNS 7960 2892 24 , , , 7960 2892 25 the the DT 7960 2892 26 envy envy NN 7960 2892 27 and and CC 7960 2892 28 wonder wonder NN 7960 2892 29 of of IN 7960 2892 30 mankind mankind NN 7960 2892 31 . . . 7960 2893 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 2893 2 17 17 CD 7960 2893 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 2893 4 Athens Athens NNP 7960 2893 5 at at IN 7960 2893 6 this this DT 7960 2893 7 time time NN 7960 2893 8 was be VBD 7960 2893 9 also also RB 7960 2893 10 the the DT 7960 2893 11 center center NN 7960 2893 12 of of IN 7960 2893 13 Greek greek JJ 7960 2893 14 intellectual intellectual JJ 7960 2893 15 life life NN 7960 2893 16 . . . 7960 2894 1 In in IN 7960 2894 2 no no DT 7960 2894 3 other other JJ 7960 2894 4 period period NN 7960 2894 5 of of IN 7960 2894 6 similar similar JJ 7960 2894 7 length length NN 7960 2894 8 have have VBP 7960 2894 9 so so RB 7960 2894 10 many many JJ 7960 2894 11 admirable admirable JJ 7960 2894 12 books book NNS 7960 2894 13 been be VBN 7960 2894 14 produced produce VBN 7960 2894 15 . . . 7960 2895 1 No no DT 7960 2895 2 other other JJ 7960 2895 3 epoch epoch NN 7960 2895 4 has have VBZ 7960 2895 5 given give VBN 7960 2895 6 birth birth NN 7960 2895 7 to to IN 7960 2895 8 so so RB 7960 2895 9 many many JJ 7960 2895 10 men man NNS 7960 2895 11 of of IN 7960 2895 12 varied varied JJ 7960 2895 13 and and CC 7960 2895 14 delightful delightful JJ 7960 2895 15 genius genius NN 7960 2895 16 . . . 7960 2896 1 The the DT 7960 2896 2 greatest great JJS 7960 2896 3 poets poet NNS 7960 2896 4 , , , 7960 2896 5 historians historian NNS 7960 2896 6 , , , 7960 2896 7 and and CC 7960 2896 8 philosophers philosopher NNS 7960 2896 9 of of IN 7960 2896 10 Greece Greece NNP 7960 2896 11 were be VBD 7960 2896 12 Athenians Athenians NNPS 7960 2896 13 , , , 7960 2896 14 either either CC 7960 2896 15 by by IN 7960 2896 16 birth birth NN 7960 2896 17 or or CC 7960 2896 18 training training NN 7960 2896 19 . . . 7960 2897 1 As as IN 7960 2897 2 Pericles Pericles NNP 7960 2897 3 himself -PRON- PRP 7960 2897 4 said say VBD 7960 2897 5 in in IN 7960 2897 6 a a DT 7960 2897 7 noble noble JJ 7960 2897 8 speech speech NN 7960 2897 9 , , , 7960 2897 10 Athens Athens NNP 7960 2897 11 was be VBD 7960 2897 12 " " `` 7960 2897 13 the the DT 7960 2897 14 school school NN 7960 2897 15 of of IN 7960 2897 16 Hellas Hellas NNP 7960 2897 17 . . . 7960 2897 18 " " '' 7960 2898 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 2898 2 18 18 CD 7960 2898 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 2898 4 36 36 CD 7960 2898 5 . . . 7960 2899 1 THE the DT 7960 2899 2 PELOPONNESIAN PELOPONNESIAN NNP 7960 2899 3 WAR WAR NNP 7960 2899 4 , , , 7960 2899 5 431 431 CD 7960 2899 6 - - HYPH 7960 2899 7 404 404 CD 7960 2899 8 B.C. 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NNP 7960 2905 18 ] ] -RRB- 7960 2906 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 2906 2 Illustration illustration NN 7960 2906 3 : : : 7960 2906 4 THE the DT 7960 2906 5 " " `` 7960 2906 6 MOURNING MOURNING NNP 7960 2906 7 ATHENA ATHENA NNP 7960 2906 8 " " '' 7960 2906 9 ( ( -LRB- 7960 2906 10 Acropolis Acropolis NNP 7960 2906 11 Museum Museum NNP 7960 2906 12 , , , 7960 2906 13 Athens Athens NNP 7960 2906 14 ) ) -RRB- 7960 2906 15 A a DT 7960 2906 16 tablet tablet NN 7960 2906 17 of of IN 7960 2906 18 Pentelic Pentelic NNP 7960 2906 19 marble marble NN 7960 2906 20 . . . 7960 2907 1 Athena Athena NNP 7960 2907 2 , , , 7960 2907 3 leaning lean VBG 7960 2907 4 on on IN 7960 2907 5 her -PRON- PRP$ 7960 2907 6 spear spear NN 7960 2907 7 , , , 7960 2907 8 is be VBZ 7960 2907 9 gazing gaze VBG 7960 2907 10 with with IN 7960 2907 11 downcast downcast JJ 7960 2907 12 head head NN 7960 2907 13 at at IN 7960 2907 14 a a DT 7960 2907 15 grave grave JJ 7960 2907 16 monument monument NN 7960 2907 17 . . . 7960 2907 18 ] ] 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already RB 7960 2909 4 seen see VBN 7960 2909 5 her -PRON- PRP 7960 2909 6 once once RB 7960 2909 7 - - HYPH 7960 2909 8 profitable profitable JJ 7960 2909 9 trade trade NN 7960 2909 10 in in IN 7960 2909 11 the the DT 7960 2909 12 Aegean Aegean NNP 7960 2909 13 monopolized monopolize VBN 7960 2909 14 by by IN 7960 2909 15 Athens Athens NNP 7960 2909 16 . . . 7960 2910 1 That that DT 7960 2910 2 energetic energetic JJ 7960 2910 3 city city NN 7960 2910 4 was be VBD 7960 2910 5 now now RB 7960 2910 6 reaching reach VBG 7960 2910 7 out out RP 7960 2910 8 for for IN 7960 2910 9 Corinthian corinthian JJ 7960 2910 10 commerce commerce NN 7960 2910 11 in in IN 7960 2910 12 Italian italian JJ 7960 2910 13 and and CC 7960 2910 14 Sicilian Sicilian NNP 7960 2910 15 waters water NNS 7960 2910 16 . . . 7960 2911 1 When when WRB 7960 2911 2 the the DT 7960 2911 3 Athenians Athenians NNPS 7960 2911 4 went go VBD 7960 2911 5 so so RB 7960 2911 6 far far RB 7960 2911 7 as as IN 7960 2911 8 to to TO 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NNP 7960 2957 1 But but CC 7960 2957 2 Spartan spartan JJ 7960 2957 3 despotism despotism NN 7960 2957 4 provoked provoke VBD 7960 2957 5 resistance resistance NN 7960 2957 6 . . . 7960 2958 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 2958 2 was be VBD 7960 2958 3 the the DT 7960 2958 4 Boeotian boeotian JJ 7960 2958 5 city city NN 7960 2958 6 of of IN 7960 2958 7 Thebes Thebes NNP 7960 2958 8 which which WDT 7960 2958 9 raised raise VBD 7960 2958 10 the the DT 7960 2958 11 standard standard NN 7960 2958 12 of of IN 7960 2958 13 revolt revolt NN 7960 2958 14 . . . 7960 2959 1 Some some DT 7960 2959 2 of of IN 7960 2959 3 the the DT 7960 2959 4 liberty liberty NN 7960 2959 5 - - HYPH 7960 2959 6 loving love VBG 7960 2959 7 Thebans Thebans NNPS 7960 2959 8 , , , 7960 2959 9 headed head VBN 7960 2959 10 by by IN 7960 2959 11 Pelopidas Pelopidas NNP 7960 2959 12 , , , 7960 2959 13 a a DT 7960 2959 14 patriotic patriotic JJ 7960 2959 15 noble noble NN 7960 2959 16 , , , 7960 2959 17 formed form VBD 7960 2959 18 a a DT 7960 2959 19 conspiracy conspiracy NN 7960 2959 20 to to TO 7960 2959 21 drive drive VB 7960 2959 22 the the DT 7960 2959 23 Spartans Spartans NNPS 7960 2959 24 out out IN 7960 2959 25 of of IN 7960 2959 26 the the DT 7960 2959 27 city city NN 7960 2959 28 . . . 7960 2960 1 Disguised disguise VBN 7960 2960 2 as as IN 7960 2960 3 huntsmen huntsman NNS 7960 2960 4 , , , 7960 2960 5 Pelopidas Pelopidas NNP 7960 2960 6 and and CC 7960 2960 7 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 2960 8 followers follower NNS 7960 2960 9 entered enter VBD 7960 2960 10 Thebes Thebes NNP 7960 2960 11 at at IN 7960 2960 12 nightfall nightfall NN 7960 2960 13 , , , 7960 2960 14 killed kill VBD 7960 2960 15 the the DT 7960 2960 16 tyrants tyrant NNS 7960 2960 17 whom whom WP 7960 2960 18 Sparta Sparta NNP 7960 2960 19 had have VBD 7960 2960 20 set set VBN 7960 2960 21 over over IN 7960 2960 22 the the DT 7960 2960 23 people people NNS 7960 2960 24 , , , 7960 2960 25 and and CC 7960 2960 26 forced force VBD 7960 2960 27 the the DT 7960 2960 28 Spartan spartan JJ 7960 2960 29 garrison garrison NN 7960 2960 30 to to TO 7960 2960 31 surrender surrender VB 7960 2960 32 . . . 7960 2961 1 BATTLE battle NN 7960 2961 2 OF of IN 7960 2961 3 LEUCTRA LEUCTRA NNP 7960 2961 4 , , , 7960 2961 5 371 371 CD 7960 2961 6 B.C. 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terrific terrific JJ 7960 2965 26 force force NN 7960 2965 27 against against IN 7960 2965 28 the the DT 7960 2965 29 Spartan Spartan NNP 7960 2965 30 ranks rank NNS 7960 2965 31 . . . 7960 2966 1 The the DT 7960 2966 2 enemy enemy NN 7960 2966 3 , , , 7960 2966 4 drawn draw VBN 7960 2966 5 up up RP 7960 2966 6 twelve twelve CD 7960 2966 7 men man NNS 7960 2966 8 deep deep JJ 7960 2966 9 in in IN 7960 2966 10 the the DT 7960 2966 11 customary customary JJ 7960 2966 12 formation formation NN 7960 2966 13 , , , 7960 2966 14 could could MD 7960 2966 15 not not RB 7960 2966 16 withstand withstand VB 7960 2966 17 the the DT 7960 2966 18 impact impact NN 7960 2966 19 of of IN 7960 2966 20 the the DT 7960 2966 21 Theban Theban NNP 7960 2966 22 column column NN 7960 2966 23 ; ; : 7960 2966 24 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 2966 25 lines line NNS 7960 2966 26 gave give VBD 7960 2966 27 way way NN 7960 2966 28 , , , 7960 2966 29 and and CC 7960 2966 30 the the DT 7960 2966 31 fight fight NN 7960 2966 32 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2977 8 that that IN 7960 2977 9 Epaminondas Epaminondas NNP 7960 2977 10 loved love VBD 7960 2977 11 Hellas Hellas NNP 7960 2977 12 more more JJR 7960 2977 13 than than IN 7960 2977 14 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 2977 15 native native JJ 7960 2977 16 city city NN 7960 2977 17 . . . 7960 2978 1 BATTLE BATTLE NNS 7960 2978 2 OF of IN 7960 2978 3 MANTINEA MANTINEA NNP 7960 2978 4 , , , 7960 2978 5 362 362 CD 7960 2978 6 B.C. 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B.C. NNP 7960 2988 1 it -PRON- PRP 7960 2988 2 had have VBD 7960 2988 3 become become VBN 7960 2988 4 evident evident JJ 7960 2988 5 that that IN 7960 2988 6 a a DT 7960 2988 7 great great JJ 7960 2988 8 Hellenic hellenic JJ 7960 2988 9 power power NN 7960 2988 10 could could MD 7960 2988 11 the the DT 7960 2988 12 not not RB 7960 2988 13 be be VB 7960 2988 14 created create VBN 7960 2988 15 out out IN 7960 2988 16 of of IN 7960 2988 17 the the DT 7960 2988 18 little little JJ 7960 2988 19 , , , 7960 2988 20 independent independent JJ 7960 2988 21 city city NN 7960 2988 22 - - HYPH 7960 2988 23 states state NNS 7960 2988 24 of of IN 7960 2988 25 Greece Greece NNP 7960 2988 26 . . . 7960 2989 1 A a DT 7960 2989 2 RECORD record NN 7960 2989 3 OF of IN 7960 2989 4 ALMOST almost JJ 7960 2989 5 CEASELESS ceaseless NN 7960 2989 6 CONFLICT conflict NN 7960 2989 7 The the DT 7960 2989 8 history history NN 7960 2989 9 of of IN 7960 2989 10 Continental Continental NNP 7960 2989 11 Hellas Hellas NNP 7960 2989 12 for for IN 7960 2989 13 more more JJR 7960 2989 14 than than IN 7960 2989 15 a a DT 7960 2989 16 century century NN 7960 2989 17 after after IN 7960 2989 18 the the DT 7960 2989 19 close close NN 7960 2989 20 of of IN 7960 2989 21 the the DT 7960 2989 22 Persian Persian NNP 7960 2989 23 War War NNP 7960 2989 24 had have VBD 7960 2989 25 been be VBN 7960 2989 26 a a DT 7960 2989 27 record record NN 7960 2989 28 of of IN 7960 2989 29 almost almost RB 7960 2989 30 ceaseless ceaseless JJ 7960 2989 31 conflict conflict NN 7960 2989 32 . . . 7960 2990 1 We -PRON- PRP 7960 2990 2 have have VBP 7960 2990 3 seen see VBN 7960 2990 4 how how WRB 7960 2990 5 Greece Greece NNP 7960 2990 6 came come VBD 7960 2990 7 to to TO 7960 2990 8 be be VB 7960 2990 9 split split VBN 7960 2990 10 up up RP 7960 2990 11 into into IN 7960 2990 12 two two CD 7960 2990 13 great great JJ 7960 2990 14 alliances alliance NNS 7960 2990 15 , , , 7960 2990 16 the the DT 7960 2990 17 one one NN 7960 2990 18 a 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the DT 7960 2991 56 sudden sudden JJ 7960 2991 57 rise rise NN 7960 2991 58 of of IN 7960 2991 59 Thebes thebe NNS 7960 2991 60 to to TO 7960 2991 61 supremacy supremacy VB 7960 2991 62 ; ; : 7960 2991 63 how how WRB 7960 2991 64 Thebes Thebes NNP 7960 2991 65 herself -PRON- PRP 7960 2991 66 established establish VBD 7960 2991 67 an an DT 7960 2991 68 empire empire NN 7960 2991 69 on on IN 7960 2991 70 the the DT 7960 2991 71 ruins ruin NNS 7960 2991 72 of of IN 7960 2991 73 Spartan Spartan NNP 7960 2991 74 rule-- rule-- NNP 7960 2991 75 this this DT 7960 2991 76 is be VBZ 7960 2991 77 a a DT 7960 2991 78 story story NN 7960 2991 79 of of IN 7960 2991 80 fruitless fruitless JJ 7960 2991 81 and and CC 7960 2991 82 exhausting exhausting JJ 7960 2991 83 struggles struggle NNS 7960 2991 84 which which WDT 7960 2991 85 sounded sound VBD 7960 2991 86 the the DT 7960 2991 87 knell knell NN 7960 2991 88 of of IN 7960 2991 89 Greek Greek NNP 7960 2991 90 liberty liberty NN 7960 2991 91 and and 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31 city city NN 7960 2992 32 - - HYPH 7960 2992 33 state state NN 7960 2992 34 , , , 7960 2992 35 but but CC 7960 2992 36 an an DT 7960 2992 37 extensive extensive JJ 7960 2992 38 territorial territorial JJ 7960 2992 39 state state NN 7960 2992 40 like like IN 7960 2992 41 those those DT 7960 2992 42 of of IN 7960 2992 43 modern modern JJ 7960 2992 44 times time NNS 7960 2992 45 . . . 7960 2993 1 Three three CD 7960 2993 2 years year NNS 7960 2993 3 after after IN 7960 2993 4 the the DT 7960 2993 5 battle battle NN 7960 2993 6 of of IN 7960 2993 7 Mantinea Mantinea NNP 7960 2993 8 Philip Philip NNP 7960 2993 9 II II NNP 7960 2993 10 ascended ascend VBD 7960 2993 11 the the DT 7960 2993 12 throne throne NN 7960 2993 13 of of IN 7960 2993 14 Macedonia Macedonia NNP 7960 2993 15 . . . 7960 2994 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 2994 2 established establish VBD 7960 2994 3 Hellenic hellenic JJ 7960 2994 4 unity unity NN 7960 2994 5 by by IN 7960 2994 6 bringing bring VBG 7960 2994 7 the the DT 7960 2994 8 Hellenic hellenic JJ 7960 2994 9 people people NNS 7960 2994 10 within within IN 7960 2994 11 a a DT 7960 2994 12 widespread widespread JJ 7960 2994 13 empire empire NN 7960 2994 14 . . . 7960 2995 1 Alexander Alexander NNP 7960 2995 2 the the DT 7960 2995 3 Great Great NNP 7960 2995 4 , , , 7960 2995 5 the the DT 7960 2995 6 son son NN 7960 2995 7 of of IN 7960 2995 8 this this DT 7960 2995 9 king king NN 7960 2995 10 , , , 7960 2995 11 carried carry VBD 7960 2995 12 Macedonian macedonian JJ 7960 2995 13 dominion dominion NN 7960 2995 14 and and CC 7960 2995 15 Greek greek JJ 7960 2995 16 culture culture NN 7960 2995 17 to to IN 7960 2995 18 the the DT 7960 2995 19 ends end NNS 7960 2995 20 of of IN 7960 2995 21 the the DT 7960 2995 22 known know VBN 7960 2995 23 world world NN 7960 2995 24 . . . 7960 2996 1 To to IN 7960 2996 2 this this DT 7960 2996 3 new new JJ 7960 2996 4 period period NN 7960 2996 5 of of IN 7960 2996 6 ancient ancient JJ 7960 2996 7 history history NN 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instead instead RB 7960 3005 12 of of IN 7960 3005 13 the the DT 7960 3005 14 shorter short JJR 7960 3005 15 route route NN 7960 3005 16 followed follow VBN 7960 3005 17 by by IN 7960 3005 18 Datis Datis NNP 7960 3005 19 and and CC 7960 3005 20 Artaphernes Artaphernes NNPS 7960 3005 21 ? ? . 7960 3006 1 5 5 CD 7960 3006 2 . . . 7960 3007 1 What what WP 7960 3007 2 was be VBD 7960 3007 3 the the DT 7960 3007 4 importance importance NN 7960 3007 5 of of IN 7960 3007 6 the the DT 7960 3007 7 Phoenician phoenician JJ 7960 3007 8 fleet fleet NN 7960 3007 9 in in IN 7960 3007 10 the the DT 7960 3007 11 Persian persian JJ 7960 3007 12 invasions invasion NNS 7960 3007 13 ? ? . 7960 3008 1 6 6 CD 7960 3008 2 . . . 7960 3009 1 What what WDT 7960 3009 2 reasons reason NNS 7960 3009 3 can can MD 7960 3009 4 be be VB 7960 3009 5 given give VBN 7960 3009 6 for for IN 7960 3009 7 the the DT 7960 3009 8 Greek greek JJ 7960 3009 9 victory victory NN 7960 3009 10 in in IN 7960 3009 11 the the DT 7960 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democracy NN 7960 3025 18 and and CC 7960 3025 19 not not RB 7960 3025 20 , , , 7960 3025 21 like like IN 7960 3025 22 the the DT 7960 3025 23 American American NNP 7960 3025 24 , , , 7960 3025 25 as as IN 7960 3025 26 a a DT 7960 3025 27 _ _ NNP 7960 3025 28 representative representative NN 7960 3025 29 _ _ NNP 7960 3025 30 democracy democracy NN 7960 3025 31 . . . 7960 3026 1 In in IN 7960 3026 2 what what WP 7960 3026 3 lies lie VBZ 7960 3026 4 the the DT 7960 3026 5 difference difference NN 7960 3026 6 ? ? . 7960 3027 1 15 15 CD 7960 3027 2 . . . 7960 3028 1 Can Can MD 7960 3028 2 you -PRON- PRP 7960 3028 3 suggest suggest VB 7960 3028 4 any any DT 7960 3028 5 objections objection NNS 7960 3028 6 to to IN 7960 3028 7 the the DT 7960 3028 8 system system NN 7960 3028 9 of of IN 7960 3028 10 state state NN 7960 3028 11 pay pay NN 7960 3028 12 introduced introduce VBN 7960 3028 13 by by IN 7960 3028 14 Pericles pericle NNS 7960 3028 15 ? ? . 7960 3029 1 To to IN 7960 3029 2 what what WDT 7960 3029 3 extent extent NN 7960 3029 4 do do VBP 7960 3029 5 we -PRON- PRP 7960 3029 6 employ employ VB 7960 3029 7 the the DT 7960 3029 8 same same JJ 7960 3029 9 system system NN 7960 3029 10 under under IN 7960 3029 11 our -PRON- PRP$ 7960 3029 12 government government NN 7960 3029 13 ? ? . 7960 3030 1 16 16 CD 7960 3030 2 . . . 7960 3031 1 What what WDT 7960 3031 2 conditions condition NNS 7960 3031 3 of of IN 7960 3031 4 the the DT 7960 3031 5 time time NN 7960 3031 6 help help NN 7960 3031 7 to to TO 7960 3031 8 explain explain VB 7960 3031 9 the the DT 7960 3031 10 contempt contempt NN 7960 3031 11 of of IN 7960 3031 12 the the DT 7960 3031 13 Greeks Greeks NNPS 7960 3031 14 for for IN 7960 3031 15 money money NN 7960 3031 16 - - HYPH 7960 3031 17 making making NN 7960 3031 18 ? ? . 7960 3032 1 17 17 CD 7960 3032 2 . . . 7960 3033 1 Trace trace NN 7960 3033 2 on on IN 7960 3033 3 the the DT 7960 3033 4 map map NN 7960 3033 5 , , , 7960 3033 6 page page NN 7960 3033 7 107 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7960 3054 4 See see VB 7960 3054 5 page page NN 7960 3054 6 96 96 CD 7960 3054 7 . . . 7960 3055 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 3055 2 10 10 CD 7960 3055 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 3055 4 See see VB 7960 3055 5 page page NN 7960 3055 6 83 83 CD 7960 3055 7 . . . 7960 3056 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 3056 2 11 11 CD 7960 3056 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 3056 4 See see VB 7960 3056 5 the the DT 7960 3056 6 map map NN 7960 3056 7 facing face VBG 7960 3056 8 page page NN 7960 3056 9 108 108 CD 7960 3056 10 . . . 7960 3057 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 3057 2 12 12 CD 7960 3057 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 3057 4 See see VB 7960 3057 5 page page NN 7960 3057 6 155 155 CD 7960 3057 7 . . . 7960 3058 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 3058 2 13 13 CD 7960 3058 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 3058 4 See see VB 7960 3058 5 page page NN 7960 3058 6 44 44 CD 7960 3058 7 . . . 7960 3059 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 3059 2 14 14 CD 7960 3059 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 3059 4 The the DT 7960 3059 5 commercial commercial JJ 7960 3059 6 importance importance NN 7960 3059 7 of of IN 7960 3059 8 Athens Athens NNP 7960 3059 9 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foe NN 7960 3085 14 engaged engage VBN 7960 3085 15 , , , 7960 3085 16 while while IN 7960 3085 17 horsemen horseman NNS 7960 3085 18 rode ride VBD 7960 3085 19 into into IN 7960 3085 20 the the DT 7960 3085 21 enemy enemy NN 7960 3085 22 's 's POS 7960 3085 23 flanks flank NNS 7960 3085 24 . . . 7960 3086 1 This this DT 7960 3086 2 reliance reliance NN 7960 3086 3 on on IN 7960 3086 4 masses masse NNS 7960 3086 5 of of IN 7960 3086 6 cavalry cavalry NN 7960 3086 7 to to TO 7960 3086 8 win win VB 7960 3086 9 a a DT 7960 3086 10 victory victory NN 7960 3086 11 was be VBD 7960 3086 12 something something NN 7960 3086 13 new new JJ 7960 3086 14 in in IN 7960 3086 15 warfare warfare NN 7960 3086 16 . . . 7960 3087 1 Another another DT 7960 3087 2 novel novel JJ 7960 3087 3 feature feature NN 7960 3087 4 consisted consist VBN 7960 3087 5 in in IN 7960 3087 6 the the DT 7960 3087 7 use use NN 7960 3087 8 of of IN 7960 3087 9 engines engine NNS 7960 3087 10 called call VBN 7960 3087 11 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3088 11 of of IN 7960 3088 12 tremendous tremendous JJ 7960 3088 13 power power NN 7960 3088 14 -- -- : 7960 3088 15 the the DT 7960 3088 16 most most RBS 7960 3088 17 formidable formidable JJ 7960 3088 18 in in IN 7960 3088 19 the the DT 7960 3088 20 ancient ancient JJ 7960 3088 21 world world NN 7960 3088 22 until until IN 7960 3088 23 the the DT 7960 3088 24 days day NNS 7960 3088 25 of of IN 7960 3088 26 the the DT 7960 3088 27 Roman roman JJ 7960 3088 28 legion legion NN 7960 3088 29 . . . 7960 3089 1 CONQUESTS CONQUESTS NNP 7960 3089 2 OF of IN 7960 3089 3 PHILIP PHILIP NNP 7960 3089 4 Philip Philip NNP 7960 3089 5 commanded command VBD 7960 3089 6 a a DT 7960 3089 7 fine fine JJ 7960 3089 8 army army NN 7960 3089 9 ; ; : 7960 3089 10 he -PRON- PRP 7960 3089 11 ruled rule VBD 7960 3089 12 with with IN 7960 3089 13 absolute absolute JJ 7960 3089 14 sway sway VB 7960 3089 15 a a DT 7960 3089 16 territory territory NN 7960 3089 17 larger large JJR 7960 3089 18 than than IN 7960 3089 19 any any DT 7960 3089 20 other other JJ 7960 3089 21 Hellenic hellenic JJ 7960 3089 22 state state NN 7960 3089 23 ; ; : 7960 3089 24 and and CC 7960 3089 25 he -PRON- PRP 7960 3089 26 himself -PRON- PRP 7960 3089 27 possessed possess VBD 7960 3089 28 a a DT 7960 3089 29 genius genius NN 7960 3089 30 for for IN 7960 3089 31 both both DT 7960 3089 32 war war NN 7960 3089 33 and and CC 7960 3089 34 diplomacy diplomacy NN 7960 3089 35 , , , 7960 3089 36 With with IN 7960 3089 37 such such JJ 7960 3089 38 advantages advantage NNS 7960 3089 39 the the DT 7960 3089 40 Macedonian macedonian JJ 7960 3089 41 king king NN 7960 3089 42 entered enter VBD 7960 3089 43 on on IN 7960 3089 44 the the DT 7960 3089 45 subjugation subjugation NN 7960 3089 46 of of IN 7960 3089 47 disunited disunited JJ 7960 3089 48 Greece Greece NNP 7960 3089 49 . . . 7960 3090 1 His -PRON- PRP$ 7960 3090 2 first first JJ 7960 3090 3 great great JJ 7960 3090 4 success success NN 7960 3090 5 was be VBD 7960 3090 6 won win VBN 7960 3090 7 in in IN 7960 3090 8 western western JJ 7960 3090 9 Thrace Thrace NNP 7960 3090 10 . . . 7960 3091 1 Here here RB 7960 3091 2 he -PRON- PRP 7960 3091 3 founded found VBD 7960 3091 4 the the DT 7960 3091 5 city city NN 7960 3091 6 of of IN 7960 3091 7 Philippi Philippi NNP 7960 3091 8 [ [ -LRB- 7960 3091 9 2 2 CD 7960 3091 10 ] ] -RRB- 7960 3091 11 and and CC 7960 3091 12 seized seize VBD 7960 3091 13 some some DT 7960 3091 14 rich rich JJ 7960 3091 15 gold gold NN 7960 3091 16 mines mine NNS 7960 3091 17 , , , 7960 3091 18 the the DT 7960 3091 19 income income NN 7960 3091 20 from from IN 7960 3091 21 which which WDT 7960 3091 22 enabled enable VBD 7960 3091 23 him -PRON- PRP 7960 3091 24 to to TO 7960 3091 25 keep keep VB 7960 3091 26 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 3091 27 soldiers soldier NNS 7960 3091 28 always always RB 7960 3091 29 under under IN 7960 3091 30 arms arm NNS 7960 3091 31 , , , 7960 3091 32 to to TO 7960 3091 33 fit fit VB 7960 3091 34 out out RP 7960 3091 35 a a DT 7960 3091 36 fleet fleet NN 7960 3091 37 , , , 7960 3091 38 and and CC 7960 3091 39 , , , 7960 3091 40 by by IN 7960 3091 41 means mean NNS 7960 3091 42 of of IN 7960 3091 43 liberal liberal JJ 7960 3091 44 bribes bribe NNS 7960 3091 45 , , , 7960 3091 46 to to TO 7960 3091 47 hire hire VB 7960 3091 48 a a DT 7960 3091 49 crowd crowd NN 7960 3091 50 of of IN 7960 3091 51 agents agent NNS 7960 3091 52 in in IN 7960 3091 53 nearly nearly RB 7960 3091 54 every every DT 7960 3091 55 Greek greek JJ 7960 3091 56 city city NN 7960 3091 57 . . . 7960 3092 1 Philip Philip NNP 7960 3092 2 next next RB 7960 3092 3 made make VBD 7960 3092 4 Macedonia Macedonia NNP 7960 3092 5 a a DT 7960 3092 6 maritime maritime JJ 7960 3092 7 state state NN 7960 3092 8 by by IN 7960 3092 9 subduing subdue VBG 7960 3092 10 the the DT 7960 3092 11 Greek greek JJ 7960 3092 12 cities city NNS 7960 3092 13 on on IN 7960 3092 14 the the DT 7960 3092 15 peninsula peninsula NN 7960 3092 16 of of IN 7960 3092 17 Chalcidice Chalcidice NNP 7960 3092 18 . . . 7960 3093 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 3093 2 3 3 LS 7960 3093 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 3093 4 He -PRON- PRP 7960 3093 5 also also RB 7960 3093 6 appeared appear VBD 7960 3093 7 in in IN 7960 3093 8 Thessaly Thessaly NNP 7960 3093 9 , , , 7960 3093 10 occupied occupy VBD 7960 3093 11 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 3093 12 principal principal JJ 7960 3093 13 fortresses fortress NNS 7960 3093 14 , , , 7960 3093 15 and and CC 7960 3093 16 brought bring VBD 7960 3093 17 the the DT 7960 3093 18 frontier frontier NN 7960 3093 19 of of IN 7960 3093 20 Macedonia Macedonia NNP 7960 3093 21 as as IN 7960 3093 22 far far RB 7960 3093 23 south south RB 7960 3093 24 as as IN 7960 3093 25 the the DT 7960 3093 26 pass pass NN 7960 3093 27 of of IN 7960 3093 28 Thermopylae Thermopylae NNP 7960 3093 29 . . . 7960 3094 1 40 40 CD 7960 3094 2 . . . 7960 3095 1 DEMOSTHENES demosthene NNS 7960 3095 2 AND and CC 7960 3095 3 THE the DT 7960 3095 4 END END NNP 7960 3095 5 OF of IN 7960 3095 6 GREEK GREEK NNP 7960 3095 7 FREEDOM FREEDOM NNP 7960 3095 8 DEMOSTHENES demosthene NNS 7960 3095 9 , , , 7960 3095 10 384 384 CD 7960 3095 11 - - HYPH 7960 3095 12 322 322 CD 7960 3095 13 B.C. B.C. NNP 7960 3096 1 Philip Philip NNP 7960 3096 2 for for IN 7960 3096 3 many many JJ 7960 3096 4 years year NNS 7960 3096 5 had have VBD 7960 3096 6 been be VBN 7960 3096 7 steadily steadily RB 7960 3096 8 extending extend VBG 7960 3096 9 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 3096 10 sway sway NN 7960 3096 11 over over IN 7960 3096 12 Greece Greece NNP 7960 3096 13 . . . 7960 3097 1 In in IN 7960 3097 2 the the DT 7960 3097 3 face face NN 7960 3097 4 of of IN 7960 3097 5 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 3097 6 encroachments encroachment NNS 7960 3097 7 would would MD 7960 3097 8 Athens Athens NNP 7960 3097 9 , , , 7960 3097 10 Sparta Sparta NNP 7960 3097 11 , , , 7960 3097 12 and and CC 7960 3097 13 Thebes Thebes NNP 7960 3097 14 , , , 7960 3097 15 so so RB 7960 3097 16 long long RB 7960 3097 17 the the DT 7960 3097 18 leading lead VBG 7960 3097 19 cities city NNS 7960 3097 20 , , , 7960 3097 21 submit submit VBP 7960 3097 22 tamely tamely RB 7960 3097 23 to to IN 7960 3097 24 this this DT 7960 3097 25 Macedonian 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4 DEMOSTHENES DEMOSTHENES NNP 7960 3100 5 ( ( -LRB- 7960 3100 6 Vatican Vatican NNP 7960 3100 7 Museum Museum NNP 7960 3100 8 , , , 7960 3100 9 Rome Rome NNP 7960 3100 10 ) ) -RRB- 7960 3100 11 A a DT 7960 3100 12 marble marble NN 7960 3100 13 statue statue NN 7960 3100 14 , , , 7960 3100 15 probably probably RB 7960 3100 16 a a DT 7960 3100 17 copy copy NN 7960 3100 18 of of IN 7960 3100 19 the the DT 7960 3100 20 bronze bronze NN 7960 3100 21 original original JJ 7960 3100 22 by by IN 7960 3100 23 the the DT 7960 3100 24 sculptor sculptor NN 7960 3100 25 Polyeuctus Polyeuctus NNP 7960 3100 26 . . . 7960 3101 1 The the DT 7960 3101 2 work work NN 7960 3101 3 , , , 7960 3101 4 when when WRB 7960 3101 5 found find VBN 7960 3101 6 , , , 7960 3101 7 was be VBD 7960 3101 8 considerably considerably RB 7960 3101 9 mutilated mutilate VBN 7960 3101 10 and and CC 7960 3101 11 has have VBZ 7960 3101 12 been be VBN 7960 3101 13 restored restore VBN 7960 3101 14 in in IN 7960 3101 15 numerous 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7960 3103 23 contracted contract VBN 7960 3103 24 brows brow NNS 7960 3103 25 , , , 7960 3103 26 were be VBD 7960 3103 27 expressive expressive JJ 7960 3103 28 of of IN 7960 3103 29 the the DT 7960 3103 30 orator orator NN 7960 3103 31 's 's POS 7960 3103 32 earnestness earnestness NN 7960 3103 33 and and CC 7960 3103 34 concentration concentration NN 7960 3103 35 of of IN 7960 3103 36 thought thought NN 7960 3103 37 . . . 7960 3103 38 ] ] -RRB- 7960 3104 1 DEMOSTHENES DEMOSTHENES NNP 7960 3104 2 AS AS NNP 7960 3104 3 AN an DT 7960 3104 4 ORATOR ORATOR NNP 7960 3104 5 AND and CC 7960 3104 6 A a DT 7960 3104 7 PATRIOT PATRIOT NNP 7960 3104 8 Demosthenes Demosthenes NNPS 7960 3104 9 was be VBD 7960 3104 10 the the DT 7960 3104 11 last last JJ 7960 3104 12 , , , 7960 3104 13 as as RB 7960 3104 14 well well RB 7960 3104 15 as as IN 7960 3104 16 the the DT 7960 3104 17 most most RBS 7960 3104 18 famous famous JJ 7960 3104 19 , , , 7960 3104 20 of of IN 7960 3104 21 the the DT 7960 3104 22 great great JJ 7960 3104 23 Athenian athenian JJ 7960 3104 24 orators orator NNS 7960 3104 25 . . . 7960 3105 1 When when WRB 7960 3105 2 he -PRON- PRP 7960 3105 3 first first RB 7960 3105 4 began begin VBD 7960 3105 5 to to TO 7960 3105 6 speak speak VB 7960 3105 7 , , , 7960 3105 8 the the DT 7960 3105 9 citizens citizen NNS 7960 3105 10 laughed laugh VBD 7960 3105 11 at at IN 7960 3105 12 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 3105 13 long long JJ 7960 3105 14 , , , 7960 3105 15 involved involved JJ 7960 3105 16 sentences sentence NNS 7960 3105 17 , , , 7960 3105 18 over over IN 7960 3105 19 - - HYPH 7960 3105 20 rapid rapid JJ 7960 3105 21 delivery delivery NN 7960 3105 22 , , , 7960 3105 23 and and CC 7960 3105 24 awkward awkward JJ 7960 3105 25 bearing bearing NN 7960 3105 26 . . . 7960 3106 1 Friends friend NNS 7960 3106 2 encouraged encourage VBD 7960 3106 3 him -PRON- PRP 7960 3106 4 to to TO 7960 3106 5 persist persist VB 7960 3106 6 , , , 7960 3106 7 assuring assure VBG 7960 3106 8 him -PRON- PRP 7960 3106 9 that that IN 7960 3106 10 , , , 7960 3106 11 if if IN 7960 3106 12 the the DT 7960 3106 13 manner manner NN 7960 3106 14 of of IN 7960 3106 15 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 3106 16 speeches speech NNS 7960 3106 17 was be VBD 7960 3106 18 bad bad JJ 7960 3106 19 , , , 7960 3106 20 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 3106 21 matter matter NN 7960 3106 22 was be VBD 7960 3106 23 worthy worthy JJ 7960 3106 24 of of IN 7960 3106 25 Pericles Pericles NNP 7960 3106 26 . . . 7960 3107 1 Numerous numerous JJ 7960 3107 2 stories story NNS 7960 3107 3 are be VBP 7960 3107 4 told tell VBN 7960 3107 5 of of IN 7960 3107 6 the the DT 7960 3107 7 efforts effort NNS 7960 3107 8 made make VBN 7960 3107 9 by by IN 7960 3107 10 Demosthenes demosthene NNS 7960 3107 11 to to TO 7960 3107 12 overcome overcome VB 7960 3107 13 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 3107 14 natural natural JJ 7960 3107 15 defects defect NNS 7960 3107 16 . . . 7960 3108 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 3108 2 practiced practice VBD 7960 3108 3 gesturing gesture VBG 7960 3108 4 before before IN 7960 3108 5 a a DT 7960 3108 6 mirror mirror NN 7960 3108 7 and and CC 7960 3108 8 , , , 7960 3108 9 to to TO 7960 3108 10 correct correct VB 7960 3108 11 a a DT 7960 3108 12 stammering stammer VBG 7960 3108 13 pronunciation pronunciation NN 7960 3108 14 , , , 7960 3108 15 recited recite VBD 7960 3108 16 verses verse NNS 7960 3108 17 with with IN 7960 3108 18 pebbles pebble NNS 7960 3108 19 in in IN 7960 3108 20 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 3108 21 mouth mouth NN 7960 3108 22 . . . 7960 3109 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 3109 2 would would MD 7960 3109 3 go go VB 7960 3109 4 down down RP 7960 3109 5 to to IN 7960 3109 6 the the DT 7960 3109 7 seashore seashore NN 7960 3109 8 during during IN 7960 3109 9 storms storm NNS 7960 3109 10 and and CC 7960 3109 11 strive strive VB 7960 3109 12 to to TO 7960 3109 13 make make VB 7960 3109 14 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 3109 15 voice voice NN 7960 3109 16 heard hear VBN 7960 3109 17 above above IN 7960 3109 18 the the DT 7960 3109 19 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PRP 7960 3114 9 urged urge VBD 7960 3114 10 , , , 7960 3114 11 and and CC 7960 3114 12 , , , 7960 3114 13 by by IN 7960 3114 14 withstanding withstand VBG 7960 3114 15 Philip Philip NNP 7960 3114 16 , , , 7960 3114 17 become become VB 7960 3114 18 the the DT 7960 3114 19 leader leader NN 7960 3114 20 of of IN 7960 3114 21 Hellas Hellas NNP 7960 3114 22 in in IN 7960 3114 23 a a DT 7960 3114 24 second second JJ 7960 3114 25 war war NN 7960 3114 26 for for IN 7960 3114 27 liberty liberty NN 7960 3114 28 . . . 7960 3115 1 LAST last JJ 7960 3115 2 STRUGGLE STRUGGLE NNP 7960 3115 3 OF of IN 7960 3115 4 THE the DT 7960 3115 5 GREEKS GREEKS NNP 7960 3115 6 The the DT 7960 3115 7 stirring stir VBG 7960 3115 8 appeals appeal NNS 7960 3115 9 of of IN 7960 3115 10 the the DT 7960 3115 11 great great JJ 7960 3115 12 orator orator NN 7960 3115 13 at at IN 7960 3115 14 first first RB 7960 3115 15 had have VBD 7960 3115 16 little little JJ 7960 3115 17 effect effect NN 7960 3115 18 . . . 7960 3116 1 There there EX 7960 3116 2 were be VBD 7960 3116 3 many many JJ 7960 3116 4 friends friend NNS 7960 3116 5 of of IN 7960 3116 6 Philip Philip NNP 7960 3116 7 in in IN 7960 3116 8 the the DT 7960 3116 9 Greek greek JJ 7960 3116 10 states state NNS 7960 3116 11 , , , 7960 3116 12 even even RB 7960 3116 13 in in IN 7960 3116 14 Athens Athens NNP 7960 3116 15 itself -PRON- PRP 7960 3116 16 . . . 7960 3117 1 When when WRB 7960 3117 2 , , , 7960 3117 3 however however RB 7960 3117 4 , , , 7960 3117 5 Philip Philip NNP 7960 3117 6 entered enter VBD 7960 3117 7 central central JJ 7960 3117 8 Greece Greece NNP 7960 3117 9 and and CC 7960 3117 10 threatened threaten VBD 7960 3117 11 the the DT 7960 3117 12 independence independence NN 7960 3117 13 of of IN 7960 3117 14 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 3117 15 cities city NNS 7960 3117 16 , , , 7960 3117 17 the the DT 7960 3117 18 eloquence eloquence NN 7960 3117 19 of of IN 7960 3117 20 Demosthenes demosthene NNS 7960 3117 21 met meet VBD 7960 3117 22 a a DT 7960 3117 23 readier ready JJR 7960 3117 24 response response NN 7960 3117 25 . . . 7960 3118 1 In in IN 7960 3118 2 the the DT 7960 3118 3 presence presence NN 7960 3118 4 of of IN 7960 3118 5 the the DT 7960 3118 6 common common JJ 7960 3118 7 danger danger NN 7960 3118 8 Thebes Thebes NNPS 7960 3118 9 and and CC 7960 3118 10 Athens Athens NNP 7960 3118 11 gave give VBD 7960 3118 12 up up RP 7960 3118 13 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 3118 14 ancient ancient JJ 7960 3118 15 rivalry rivalry NN 7960 3118 16 and and CC 7960 3118 17 formed form VBD 7960 3118 18 a a DT 7960 3118 19 defensive defensive JJ 7960 3118 20 alliance alliance NN 7960 3118 21 against against IN 7960 3118 22 Philip Philip NNP 7960 3118 23 . . . 7960 3119 1 Had have VBD 7960 3119 2 it -PRON- PRP 7960 3119 3 been be VBN 7960 3119 4 joined join VBN 7960 3119 5 by by IN 7960 3119 6 Sparta Sparta NNP 7960 3119 7 and and CC 7960 3119 8 the the DT 7960 3119 9 other other JJ 7960 3119 10 Peloponnesian peloponnesian JJ 7960 3119 11 states state NNS 7960 3119 12 , , , 7960 3119 13 it -PRON- PRP 7960 3119 14 is be VBZ 7960 3119 15 possible possible JJ 7960 3119 16 that that IN 7960 3119 17 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 3119 18 united united NNP 7960 3119 19 power power NN 7960 3119 20 might may MD 7960 3119 21 have have VB 7960 3119 22 hurled hurl VBN 7960 3119 23 back back RP 7960 3119 24 the the DT 7960 3119 25 invader invader NN 7960 3119 26 . . . 7960 3120 1 But but CC 7960 3120 2 they -PRON- PRP 7960 3120 3 held hold VBD 7960 3120 4 aloof aloof NN 7960 3120 5 . . . 7960 3121 1 BATTLE BATTLE NNS 7960 3121 2 OF of IN 7960 3121 3 CHAERONEA CHAERONEA NNP 7960 3121 4 , , , 7960 3121 5 338 338 CD 7960 3121 6 B.C. B.C. NNP 7960 3122 1 The the DT 7960 3122 2 decisive decisive JJ 7960 3122 3 battle battle NN 7960 3122 4 was be VBD 7960 3122 5 fought fight VBN 7960 3122 6 at at IN 7960 3122 7 Chaeronea Chaeronea NNP 7960 3122 8 in in IN 7960 3122 9 Boeotia Boeotia NNP 7960 3122 10 . . . 7960 3123 1 On on IN 7960 3123 2 that that DT 7960 3123 3 fatal fatal JJ 7960 3123 4 field field NN 7960 3123 5 the the DT 7960 3123 6 well well RB 7960 3123 7 - - HYPH 7960 3123 8 drilled drill VBN 7960 3123 9 and and CC 7960 3123 10 seasoned season VBN 7960 3123 11 troops troop NNS 7960 3123 12 of of IN 7960 3123 13 Macedonia Macedonia NNP 7960 3123 14 , , , 7960 3123 15 headed head VBN 7960 3123 16 by by IN 7960 3123 17 a a DT 7960 3123 18 master master NN 7960 3123 19 of of IN 7960 3123 20 the the DT 7960 3123 21 art art NN 7960 3123 22 of of IN 7960 3123 23 war war NN 7960 3123 24 , , , 7960 3123 25 overcame overcome VBD 7960 3123 26 the the DT 7960 3123 27 citizen citizen NN 7960 3123 28 levies levy NNS 7960 3123 29 of of IN 7960 3123 30 Greece Greece NNP 7960 3123 31 . . . 7960 3124 1 The the DT 7960 3124 2 Greeks Greeks NNPS 7960 3124 3 fought fight VBD 7960 3124 4 bravely bravely RB 7960 3124 5 , , , 7960 3124 6 as as IN 7960 3124 7 of of IN 7960 3124 8 old old JJ 7960 3124 9 , , , 7960 3124 10 and and CC 7960 3124 11 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 3124 12 defeat defeat NN 7960 3124 13 was be VBD 7960 3124 14 not not RB 7960 3124 15 inglorious inglorious JJ 7960 3124 16 . . . 7960 3125 1 Near near IN 7960 3125 2 the the DT 7960 3125 3 modern modern JJ 7960 3125 4 town town NN 7960 3125 5 of of IN 7960 3125 6 Chaeronea Chaeronea NNP 7960 3125 7 the the DT 7960 3125 8 traveler traveler NN 7960 3125 9 can can MD 7960 3125 10 still still RB 7960 3125 11 see see VB 7960 3125 12 the the DT 7960 3125 13 tomb tomb NN 7960 3125 14 where where WRB 7960 3125 15 the the DT 7960 3125 16 fallen fall VBN 7960 3125 17 heroes hero NNS 7960 3125 18 were be VBD 7960 3125 19 laid lay VBN 7960 3125 20 , , , 7960 3125 21 and and CC 7960 3125 22 the the DT 7960 3125 23 marble marble NN 7960 3125 24 lion lion NN 7960 3125 25 set set VBD 7960 3125 26 up up RP 7960 3125 27 as as IN 7960 3125 28 a a DT 7960 3125 29 memorial memorial NN 7960 3125 30 to to IN 7960 3125 31 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 3125 32 dauntless dauntless JJ 7960 3125 33 struggle struggle NN 7960 3125 34 . . . 7960 3126 1 PHILIP PHILIP NNP 7960 3126 2 'S 's POS 7960 3126 3 POLICY policy NN 7960 3126 4 AS as IN 7960 3126 5 A a DT 7960 3126 6 CONQUEROR CONQUEROR NNP 7960 3126 7 Chaeronea Chaeronea NNP 7960 3126 8 gave give VBD 7960 3126 9 Philip Philip NNP 7960 3126 10 the the DT 7960 3126 11 undisputed undisputed JJ 7960 3126 12 control control NN 7960 3126 13 of of IN 7960 3126 14 Greece Greece NNP 7960 3126 15 . . . 7960 3127 1 But but CC 7960 3127 2 now now RB 7960 3127 3 that that DT 7960 3127 4 victory victory NN 7960 3127 5 was be VBD 7960 3127 6 assured assure VBN 7960 3127 7 , , , 7960 3127 8 he -PRON- PRP 7960 3127 9 had have VBD 7960 3127 10 no no DT 7960 3127 11 intention intention NN 7960 3127 12 of of IN 7960 3127 13 playing play VBG 7960 3127 14 the the DT 7960 3127 15 tyrant tyrant NN 7960 3127 16 . . . 7960 3128 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 3128 2 compelled compel VBD 7960 3128 3 Thebes Thebes NNP 7960 3128 4 to to TO 7960 3128 5 admit admit VB 7960 3128 6 a a DT 7960 3128 7 Macedonian macedonian JJ 7960 3128 8 garrison garrison NN 7960 3128 9 to to IN 7960 3128 10 her -PRON- PRP$ 7960 3128 11 citadel citadel NN 7960 3128 12 , , , 7960 3128 13 but but CC 7960 3128 14 treated treat VBD 7960 3128 15 Athens Athens NNP 7960 3128 16 so so RB 7960 3128 17 mildly mildly RB 7960 3128 18 that that IN 7960 3128 19 the the DT 7960 3128 20 citizens citizen NNS 7960 3128 21 were be VBD 7960 3128 22 glad glad JJ 7960 3128 23 to to TO 7960 3128 24 conclude conclude VB 7960 3128 25 with with IN 7960 3128 26 him -PRON- PRP 7960 3128 27 a a DT 7960 3128 28 peace peace NN 7960 3128 29 which which WDT 7960 3128 30 left leave VBD 7960 3128 31 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 3128 32 possessions possession NNS 7960 3128 33 untouched untouched JJ 7960 3128 34 . . . 7960 3129 1 Philip Philip NNP 7960 3129 2 entered enter VBD 7960 3129 3 the the DT 7960 3129 4 Peloponnesus Peloponnesus NNP 7960 3129 5 as as IN 7960 3129 6 a a DT 7960 3129 7 liberator liberator NN 7960 3129 8 . . . 7960 3130 1 Its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 3130 2 towns town NNS 7960 3130 3 and and CC 7960 3130 4 cities city NNS 7960 3130 5 welcomed welcome VBD 7960 3130 6 an an DT 7960 3130 7 alliance alliance NN 7960 3130 8 with with IN 7960 3130 9 so so RB 7960 3130 10 powerful powerful JJ 7960 3130 11 a a DT 7960 3130 12 protector protector NN 7960 3130 13 against against IN 7960 3130 14 Sparta Sparta NNP 7960 3130 15 . . . 7960 3131 1 CONGRESS CONGRESS NNP 7960 3131 2 AT AT NNP 7960 3131 3 CORINTH CORINTH NNP 7960 3131 4 , , , 7960 3131 5 337 337 CD 7960 3131 6 B.C. B.C. NNP 7960 3132 1 Having have VBG 7960 3132 2 completely completely RB 7960 3132 3 realized realize VBN 7960 3132 4 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 3132 5 design design NN 7960 3132 6 of of IN 7960 3132 7 establishing establish VBG 7960 3132 8 Macedonian macedonian JJ 7960 3132 9 rule rule NN 7960 3132 10 over over IN 7960 3132 11 Greece Greece NNP 7960 3132 12 , , , 7960 3132 13 Philip Philip NNP 7960 3132 14 's 's POS 7960 3132 15 restless restless JJ 7960 3132 16 energy energy NN 7960 3132 17 drove drive VBD 7960 3132 18 him -PRON- PRP 7960 3132 19 forward forward RB 7960 3132 20 to to IN 7960 3132 21 the the DT 7960 3132 22 next next JJ 7960 3132 23 step step NN 7960 3132 24 in in IN 7960 3132 25 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 3132 26 ambitious ambitious JJ 7960 3132 27 program program NN 7960 3132 28 . . . 7960 3133 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 3133 2 determined determine VBD 7960 3133 3 to to TO 7960 3133 4 carry carry VB 7960 3133 5 out out RP 7960 3133 6 the the DT 7960 3133 7 plans plan NNS 7960 3133 8 , , , 7960 3133 9 so so RB 7960 3133 10 long long RB 7960 3133 11 cherished cherish VBN 7960 3133 12 by by IN 7960 3133 13 the the DT 7960 3133 14 Greeks Greeks NNPS 7960 3133 15 , , , 7960 3133 16 for for IN 7960 3133 17 an an DT 7960 3133 18 invasion invasion NN 7960 3133 19 of of IN 7960 3133 20 Asia Asia NNP 7960 3133 21 Minor Minor NNP 7960 3133 22 and and CC 7960 3133 23 , , , 7960 3133 24 perhaps perhaps RB 7960 3133 25 , , , 7960 3133 26 of of IN 7960 3133 27 Persia Persia NNP 7960 3133 28 itself -PRON- PRP 7960 3133 29 . . . 7960 3134 1 In in IN 7960 3134 2 the the DT 7960 3134 3 year year NN 7960 3134 4 337 337 CD 7960 3134 5 B.C. B.C. NNP 7960 3135 1 a a DT 7960 3135 2 congress congress NNP 7960 3135 3 of of IN 7960 3135 4 all all PDT 7960 3135 5 the the DT 7960 3135 6 Hellenic Hellenic NNP 7960 3135 7 states state NNS 7960 3135 8 met meet VBD 7960 3135 9 at at IN 7960 3135 10 Corinth Corinth NNP 7960 3135 11 under under IN 7960 3135 12 Philip Philip NNP 7960 3135 13 's 's POS 7960 3135 14 presidency presidency NN 7960 3135 15 . . . 7960 3136 1 The the DT 7960 3136 2 delegates delegate NNS 7960 3136 3 voted vote VBD 7960 3136 4 to to TO 7960 3136 5 supply supply VB 7960 3136 6 ships ship NNS 7960 3136 7 and and CC 7960 3136 8 men man NNS 7960 3136 9 for for IN 7960 3136 10 the the DT 7960 3136 11 great great JJ 7960 3136 12 undertaking undertaking NN 7960 3136 13 and and CC 7960 3136 14 placed place VBD 7960 3136 15 Philip Philip NNP 7960 3136 16 in in IN 7960 3136 17 command command NN 7960 3136 18 of of IN 7960 3136 19 the the DT 7960 3136 20 allied ally VBN 7960 3136 21 forces force NNS 7960 3136 22 . . . 7960 3137 1 A a DT 7960 3137 2 Macedonian macedonian JJ 7960 3137 3 king king NN 7960 3137 4 was be VBD 7960 3137 5 to to TO 7960 3137 6 be be VB 7960 3137 7 the the DT 7960 3137 8 captain captain NN 7960 3137 9 - - HYPH 7960 3137 10 general general NN 7960 3137 11 of of IN 7960 3137 12 Hellas Hellas NNP 7960 3137 13 . . . 7960 3138 1 DEATH death NN 7960 3138 2 OF of IN 7960 3138 3 PHILIP PHILIP NNP 7960 3138 4 , , , 7960 3138 5 336 336 CD 7960 3138 6 B.C. B.C. NNP 7960 3139 1 But but CC 7960 3139 2 Philip Philip NNP 7960 3139 3 was be VBD 7960 3139 4 destined destine VBN 7960 3139 5 never never RB 7960 3139 6 to to TO 7960 3139 7 lead lead VB 7960 3139 8 an an DT 7960 3139 9 army army NN 7960 3139 10 across across IN 7960 3139 11 the the DT 7960 3139 12 Hellespont Hellespont NNP 7960 3139 13 . . . 7960 3140 1 Less Less JJR 7960 3140 2 than than IN 7960 3140 3 two two CD 7960 3140 4 years year NNS 7960 3140 5 after after IN 7960 3140 6 Chaeronea Chaeronea NNP 7960 3140 7 he -PRON- PRP 7960 3140 8 was be VBD 7960 3140 9 killed kill VBN 7960 3140 10 by by IN 7960 3140 11 an an DT 7960 3140 12 assassin assassin NN 7960 3140 13 , , , 7960 3140 14 and and CC 7960 3140 15 the the DT 7960 3140 16 scepter scepter NN 7960 3140 17 passed pass VBD 7960 3140 18 to to IN 7960 3140 19 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 3140 20 young young JJ 7960 3140 21 son son NN 7960 3140 22 , , , 7960 3140 23 Alexander Alexander NNP 7960 3140 24 . . . 7960 3141 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 3141 2 Illustration illustration NN 7960 3141 3 : : : 7960 3141 4 ALEXANDER ALEXANDER NNP 7960 3141 5 ( ( -LRB- 7960 3141 6 Glyptothek Glyptothek NNP 7960 3141 7 , , , 7960 3141 8 Munich Munich NNP 7960 3141 9 ) ) -RRB- 7960 3141 10 Probably probably RB 7960 3141 11 an an DT 7960 3141 12 authentic authentic JJ 7960 3141 13 portrait portrait NN 7960 3141 14 of of IN 7960 3141 15 the the DT 7960 3141 16 youthful youthful JJ 7960 3141 17 Alexander Alexander NNP 7960 3141 18 about about RB 7960 3141 19 338 338 CD 7960 3141 20 B.C. B.C. NNP 7960 3141 21 ] ] -RRB- 7960 3142 1 41 41 CD 7960 3142 2 . . . 7960 3143 1 ALEXANDER ALEXANDER NNP 7960 3143 2 THE the DT 7960 3143 3 GREAT great JJ 7960 3143 4 THE the DT 7960 3143 5 YOUTHFUL YOUTHFUL NNP 7960 3143 6 ALEXANDER ALEXANDER NNP 7960 3143 7 Alexander Alexander NNP 7960 3143 8 was be VBD 7960 3143 9 only only RB 7960 3143 10 twenty twenty CD 7960 3143 11 years year NNS 7960 3143 12 of of IN 7960 3143 13 age age NN 7960 3143 14 when when WRB 7960 3143 15 he -PRON- PRP 7960 3143 16 became become VBD 7960 3143 17 ruler ruler NN 7960 3143 18 of of IN 7960 3143 19 Macedonia Macedonia NNP 7960 3143 20 . . . 7960 3144 1 From from IN 7960 3144 2 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 3144 3 father father NN 7960 3144 4 he -PRON- PRP 7960 3144 5 inherited inherit VBD 7960 3144 6 the the DT 7960 3144 7 powerful powerful JJ 7960 3144 8 Frame Frame NNP 7960 3144 9 , , , 7960 3144 10 the the DT 7960 3144 11 kingly kingly JJ 7960 3144 12 figure figure NN 7960 3144 13 , , , 7960 3144 14 the the DT 7960 3144 15 masterful masterful JJ 7960 3144 16 will will NN 7960 3144 17 , , , 7960 3144 18 which which WDT 7960 3144 19 made make VBD 7960 3144 20 so so RB 7960 3144 21 deep deep JJ 7960 3144 22 an an DT 7960 3144 23 impression impression NN 7960 3144 24 on on IN 7960 3144 25 all all DT 7960 3144 26 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 3144 27 contemporaries contemporary NNS 7960 3144 28 . . . 7960 3145 1 His -PRON- PRP$ 7960 3145 2 mother mother NN 7960 3145 3 , , , 7960 3145 4 a a DT 7960 3145 5 proud proud JJ 7960 3145 6 and and CC 7960 3145 7 ambitious ambitious JJ 7960 3145 8 woman woman NN 7960 3145 9 , , , 7960 3145 10 told tell VBD 7960 3145 11 him -PRON- PRP 7960 3145 12 that that IN 7960 3145 13 the the DT 7960 3145 14 blood blood NN 7960 3145 15 of of IN 7960 3145 16 Achilles Achilles NNP 7960 3145 17 ran run VBD 7960 3145 18 in in IN 7960 3145 19 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 3145 20 veins vein NNS 7960 3145 21 , , , 7960 3145 22 and and CC 7960 3145 23 bade bade VB 7960 3145 24 him -PRON- PRP 7960 3145 25 emulate emulate VB 7960 3145 26 the the DT 7960 3145 27 deeds deed NNS 7960 3145 28 of of IN 7960 3145 29 that that DT 7960 3145 30 national national JJ 7960 3145 31 hero hero NN 7960 3145 32 . . . 7960 3146 1 We -PRON- PRP 7960 3146 2 know know VBP 7960 3146 3 that that IN 7960 3146 4 he -PRON- PRP 7960 3146 5 learned learn VBD 7960 3146 6 the the DT 7960 3146 7 _ _ NNP 7960 3146 8 Iliad Iliad NNP 7960 3146 9 _ _ NNP 7960 3146 10 by by IN 7960 3146 11 heart heart NN 7960 3146 12 and and CC 7960 3146 13 always always RB 7960 3146 14 carried carry VBD 7960 3146 15 a a DT 7960 3146 16 copy copy NN 7960 3146 17 of of IN 7960 3146 18 it -PRON- PRP 7960 3146 19 on on IN 7960 3146 20 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 3146 21 campaigns campaign NNS 7960 3146 22 . . . 7960 3147 1 As as IN 7960 3147 2 he -PRON- PRP 7960 3147 3 came come VBD 7960 3147 4 to to IN 7960 3147 5 manhood manhood NNP 7960 3147 6 , , , 7960 3147 7 Alexander Alexander NNP 7960 3147 8 developed develop VBD 7960 3147 9 into into IN 7960 3147 10 a a DT 7960 3147 11 splendid splendid JJ 7960 3147 12 athlete athlete NN 7960 3147 13 , , , 7960 3147 14 skillful skillful JJ 7960 3147 15 in in IN 7960 3147 16 all all PDT 7960 3147 17 the the DT 7960 3147 18 sports sport NNS 7960 3147 19 of of IN 7960 3147 20 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 3147 21 rough rough RB 7960 3147 22 - - HYPH 7960 3147 23 riding ride VBG 7960 3147 24 companions companion NNS 7960 3147 25 , , , 7960 3147 26 and and CC 7960 3147 27 trained train VBN 7960 3147 28 in in IN 7960 3147 29 every every DT 7960 3147 30 warlike warlike JJ 7960 3147 31 exercise exercise NN 7960 3147 32 . . . 7960 3148 1 EDUCATION education NN 7960 3148 2 OF of IN 7960 3148 3 ALEXANDER ALEXANDER NNP 7960 3148 4 BY by IN 7960 3148 5 ARISTOTLE ARISTOTLE NNP 7960 3148 6 Philip Philip NNP 7960 3148 7 believed believe VBD 7960 3148 8 that that IN 7960 3148 9 in in IN 7960 3148 10 Alexander Alexander NNP 7960 3148 11 he -PRON- PRP 7960 3148 12 had have VBD 7960 3148 13 a a DT 7960 3148 14 worthy worthy JJ 7960 3148 15 son son NN 7960 3148 16 , , , 7960 3148 17 for for IN 7960 3148 18 he -PRON- PRP 7960 3148 19 persuaded persuade VBD 7960 3148 20 Aristotle Aristotle NNP 7960 3148 21 , , , 7960 3148 22 [ [ -LRB- 7960 3148 23 4 4 CD 7960 3148 24 ] ] -RRB- 7960 3148 25 the the DT 7960 3148 26 most most RBS 7960 3148 27 learned learned JJ 7960 3148 28 man man NN 7960 3148 29 in in IN 7960 3148 30 Greece Greece NNP 7960 3148 31 , , , 7960 3148 32 to to TO 7960 3148 33 become become VB 7960 3148 34 the the DT 7960 3148 35 tutor tutor NN 7960 3148 36 of of IN 7960 3148 37 the the DT 7960 3148 38 young young JJ 7960 3148 39 prince prince NN 7960 3148 40 . . . 7960 3149 1 The the DT 7960 3149 2 influence influence NN 7960 3149 3 of of IN 7960 3149 4 that that DT 7960 3149 5 philosopher philosopher NN 7960 3149 6 remained remain VBD 7960 3149 7 with with IN 7960 3149 8 Alexander Alexander NNP 7960 3149 9 throughout throughout IN 7960 3149 10 life life NN 7960 3149 11 . . . 7960 3150 1 Aristotle Aristotle NNP 7960 3150 2 taught teach VBD 7960 3150 3 him -PRON- PRP 7960 3150 4 to to TO 7960 3150 5 love love VB 7960 3150 6 Greek greek JJ 7960 3150 7 art art NN 7960 3150 8 and and CC 7960 3150 9 science science NN 7960 3150 10 , , , 7960 3150 11 and and CC 7960 3150 12 instilled instill VBN 7960 3150 13 into into IN 7960 3150 14 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 3150 15 receptive receptive JJ 7960 3150 16 mind mind NN 7960 3150 17 an an DT 7960 3150 18 admiration admiration NN 7960 3150 19 for for IN 7960 3150 20 all all DT 7960 3150 21 things thing NNS 7960 3150 22 Grecian grecian JJ 7960 3150 23 . . . 7960 3151 1 Alexander Alexander NNP 7960 3151 2 used use VBD 7960 3151 3 to to TO 7960 3151 4 say say VB 7960 3151 5 that that IN 7960 3151 6 , , , 7960 3151 7 while while IN 7960 3151 8 he -PRON- PRP 7960 3151 9 owed owe VBD 7960 3151 10 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 3151 11 life life NN 7960 3151 12 to to IN 7960 3151 13 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 3151 14 father father NN 7960 3151 15 , , , 7960 3151 16 he -PRON- PRP 7960 3151 17 owed owe VBD 7960 3151 18 to to IN 7960 3151 19 Aristotle Aristotle NNP 7960 3151 20 the the DT 7960 3151 21 knowledge knowledge NN 7960 3151 22 of of IN 7960 3151 23 how how WRB 7960 3151 24 to to TO 7960 3151 25 live live VB 7960 3151 26 worthily worthily RB 7960 3151 27 . . . 7960 3152 1 ALEXANDER ALEXANDER NNP 7960 3152 2 CRUSHES CRUSHES NNP 7960 3152 3 REBELLION rebellion NN 7960 3152 4 The the DT 7960 3152 5 situation situation NN 7960 3152 6 which which WDT 7960 3152 7 Alexander Alexander NNP 7960 3152 8 faced face VBD 7960 3152 9 on on IN 7960 3152 10 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 3152 11 accession accession NN 7960 3152 12 might may MD 7960 3152 13 well well RB 7960 3152 14 have have VB 7960 3152 15 dismayed dismay VBN 7960 3152 16 a a DT 7960 3152 17 less less RBR 7960 3152 18 dauntless dauntless JJ 7960 3152 19 spirit spirit NN 7960 3152 20 . . . 7960 3153 1 Philip Philip NNP 7960 3153 2 had have VBD 7960 3153 3 not not RB 7960 3153 4 lived live VBN 7960 3153 5 long long RB 7960 3153 6 enough enough RB 7960 3153 7 to to TO 7960 3153 8 unite unite VB 7960 3153 9 firmly firmly RB 7960 3153 10 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 3153 11 wide wide JJ 7960 3153 12 dominions dominion NNS 7960 3153 13 . . . 7960 3154 1 His -PRON- PRP$ 7960 3154 2 unexpected unexpected JJ 7960 3154 3 death death NN 7960 3154 4 proved prove VBD 7960 3154 5 the the DT 7960 3154 6 signal signal NN 7960 3154 7 for for IN 7960 3154 8 uprisings uprising NNS 7960 3154 9 and and CC 7960 3154 10 disorder disorder NN 7960 3154 11 . . . 7960 3155 1 The the DT 7960 3155 2 barbarous barbarous JJ 7960 3155 3 Thracians Thracians NNPS 7960 3155 4 broke break VBD 7960 3155 5 out out RP 7960 3155 6 in in IN 7960 3155 7 widespread widespread JJ 7960 3155 8 rebellion rebellion NN 7960 3155 9 , , , 7960 3155 10 and and CC 7960 3155 11 the the DT 7960 3155 12 Greeks Greeks NNPS 7960 3155 13 made make VBD 7960 3155 14 ready ready JJ 7960 3155 15 to to TO 7960 3155 16 answer answer VB 7960 3155 17 the the DT 7960 3155 18 call call NN 7960 3155 19 of of IN 7960 3155 20 Demosthenes demosthene NNS 7960 3155 21 to to IN 7960 3155 22 arms arm NNS 7960 3155 23 . . . 7960 3156 1 But but CC 7960 3156 2 Alexander Alexander NNP 7960 3156 3 soon soon RB 7960 3156 4 set set VBD 7960 3156 5 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 3156 6 kingdom kingdom NN 7960 3156 7 in in IN 7960 3156 8 order order NN 7960 3156 9 . . . 7960 3157 1 After after IN 7960 3157 2 crushing crush VBG 7960 3157 3 the the DT 7960 3157 4 tribes tribe NNS 7960 3157 5 of of IN 7960 3157 6 Thrace Thrace NNP 7960 3157 7 , , , 7960 3157 8 he -PRON- PRP 7960 3157 9 descended descend VBD 7960 3157 10 on on IN 7960 3157 11 Greece Greece NNP 7960 3157 12 and and CC 7960 3157 13 besieged besiege VBD 7960 3157 14 Thebes Thebes NNP 7960 3157 15 , , , 7960 3157 16 which which WDT 7960 3157 17 had have VBD 7960 3157 18 risen rise VBN 7960 3157 19 against against IN 7960 3157 20 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 3157 21 Macedonian macedonian JJ 7960 3157 22 garrison garrison NN 7960 3157 23 . . . 7960 3158 1 The the DT 7960 3158 2 city city NN 7960 3158 3 was be VBD 7960 3158 4 soon soon RB 7960 3158 5 captured capture VBN 7960 3158 6 ; ; : 7960 3158 7 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 3158 8 inhabitants inhabitant NNS 7960 3158 9 were be VBD 7960 3158 10 slaughtered slaughter VBN 7960 3158 11 or or CC 7960 3158 12 sold sell VBN 7960 3158 13 into into IN 7960 3158 14 slavery slavery NN 7960 3158 15 ; ; : 7960 3158 16 and and CC 7960 3158 17 the the DT 7960 3158 18 place place NN 7960 3158 19 itself -PRON- PRP 7960 3158 20 was be VBD 7960 3158 21 destroyed destroy VBN 7960 3158 22 . . . 7960 3159 1 The the DT 7960 3159 2 terrible terrible JJ 7960 3159 3 fate fate NN 7960 3159 4 of of IN 7960 3159 5 Thebes Thebes NNP 7960 3159 6 induced induce VBD 7960 3159 7 the the DT 7960 3159 8 other other JJ 7960 3159 9 states state NNS 7960 3159 10 to to TO 7960 3159 11 submit submit VB 7960 3159 12 without without IN 7960 3159 13 further further JJ 7960 3159 14 resistance resistance NN 7960 3159 15 . . . 7960 3160 1 SEEMING SEEMING NNP 7960 3160 2 STRENGTH STRENGTH NNP 7960 3160 3 OF of IN 7960 3160 4 THE the DT 7960 3160 5 PERSIAN PERSIAN NNP 7960 3160 6 EMPIRE EMPIRE NNP 7960 3160 7 With with IN 7960 3160 8 Greece Greece NNP 7960 3160 9 pacified pacify VBD 7960 3160 10 , , , 7960 3160 11 Alexander Alexander NNP 7960 3160 12 could could MD 7960 3160 13 proceed proceed VB 7960 3160 14 to to IN 7960 3160 15 the the DT 7960 3160 16 invasion invasion NN 7960 3160 17 of of IN 7960 3160 18 Persia Persia NNP 7960 3160 19 . . . 7960 3161 1 Since since IN 7960 3161 2 the the DT 7960 3161 3 days day NNS 7960 3161 4 of of IN 7960 3161 5 Darius Darius NNP 7960 3161 6 the the DT 7960 3161 7 Great Great NNP 7960 3161 8 the the DT 7960 3161 9 empire empire NN 7960 3161 10 had have VBD 7960 3161 11 remained remain VBN 7960 3161 12 almost almost RB 7960 3161 13 intact-- intact-- NNP 7960 3161 14 a a DT 7960 3161 15 huge huge JJ 7960 3161 16 , 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the the DT 7960 3163 8 armies army NNS 7960 3163 9 and and CC 7960 3163 10 untold untold JJ 7960 3163 11 wealth wealth NN 7960 3163 12 in in IN 7960 3163 13 the the DT 7960 3163 14 royal royal JJ 7960 3163 15 treasuries treasury NNS 7960 3163 16 . . . 7960 3164 1 Yet yet RB 7960 3164 2 the the DT 7960 3164 3 empire empire NN 7960 3164 4 was be VBD 7960 3164 5 a a DT 7960 3164 6 hollow hollow JJ 7960 3164 7 shell shell NN 7960 3164 8 . . . 7960 3165 1 EXPEDITION expedition NN 7960 3165 2 OF of IN 7960 3165 3 THE the DT 7960 3165 4 " " `` 7960 3165 5 TEN TEN NNP 7960 3165 6 THOUSAND THOUSAND NNS 7960 3165 7 , , , 7960 3165 8 " " '' 7960 3165 9 401 401 CD 7960 3165 10 - - HYPH 7960 3165 11 400 400 CD 7960 3165 12 B.C. B.C. NNP 7960 3166 1 Some some DT 7960 3166 2 seventy seventy CD 7960 3166 3 years year NNS 7960 3166 4 before before IN 7960 3166 5 Alexander Alexander NNP 7960 3166 6 set set VBD 7960 3166 7 forth forth RP 7960 3166 8 on on IN 7960 3166 9 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 3166 10 expedition expedition NN 7960 3166 11 the the DT 7960 3166 12 Greeks Greeks NNPS 7960 3166 13 had have VBD 7960 3166 14 witnessed witness VBN 7960 3166 15 a a DT 7960 3166 16 remarkable remarkable JJ 7960 3166 17 disclosure disclosure NN 7960 3166 18 of of IN 7960 3166 19 the the DT 7960 3166 20 military military JJ 7960 3166 21 weakness weakness NN 7960 3166 22 of of IN 7960 3166 23 Persia Persia NNP 7960 3166 24 . . . 7960 3167 1 One one CD 7960 3167 2 of of IN 7960 3167 3 those those DT 7960 3167 4 rare rare JJ 7960 3167 5 revolts revolt NNS 7960 3167 6 which which WDT 7960 3167 7 troubled trouble VBD 7960 3167 8 the the DT 7960 3167 9 security security NN 7960 3167 10 of of IN 7960 3167 11 the the DT 7960 3167 12 Persian Persian NNP 7960 3167 13 Empire Empire NNP 7960 3167 14 broke break VBD 7960 3167 15 out out RP 7960 3167 16 in in IN 7960 3167 17 Asia Asia NNP 7960 3167 18 Minor Minor NNP 7960 3167 19 . . . 7960 3168 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 3168 2 was be VBD 7960 3168 3 headed head VBN 7960 3168 4 by by IN 7960 3168 5 Cyrus Cyrus NNP 7960 3168 6 the the DT 7960 3168 7 Younger Younger NNP 7960 3168 8 , , , 7960 3168 9 a a DT 7960 3168 10 brother brother NN 7960 3168 11 of of IN 7960 3168 12 the the DT 7960 3168 13 Persian persian JJ 7960 3168 14 monarch monarch NN 7960 3168 15 . . . 7960 3169 1 Cyrus Cyrus NNP 7960 3169 2 gathered gather VBD 7960 3169 3 a a DT 7960 3169 4 large large JJ 7960 3169 5 body body NN 7960 3169 6 of of IN 7960 3169 7 native native JJ 7960 3169 8 troops troop NNS 7960 3169 9 and and CC 7960 3169 10 also also RB 7960 3169 11 hired hire VBD 7960 3169 12 about about RB 7960 3169 13 ten ten CD 7960 3169 14 thousand thousand CD 7960 3169 15 Greek greek JJ 7960 3169 16 soldiers soldier NNS 7960 3169 17 . . . 7960 3170 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 3170 2 led lead VBD 7960 3170 3 this this DT 7960 3170 4 mixed mixed JJ 7960 3170 5 force force NN 7960 3170 6 into into IN 7960 3170 7 the the DT 7960 3170 8 heart heart NN 7960 3170 9 of of IN 7960 3170 10 the the DT 7960 3170 11 Persian persian JJ 7960 3170 12 dominions dominion NNS 7960 3170 13 , , , 7960 3170 14 only only RB 7960 3170 15 to to TO 7960 3170 16 fall fall VB 7960 3170 17 in in IN 7960 3170 18 battle battle NN 7960 3170 19 at at IN 7960 3170 20 Cunaxa Cunaxa NNP 7960 3170 21 , , , 7960 3170 22 near near IN 7960 3170 23 Babylon Babylon NNP 7960 3170 24 . . . 7960 3171 1 The the DT 7960 3171 2 Greeks Greeks NNPS 7960 3171 3 easily easily RB 7960 3171 4 routed route VBD 7960 3171 5 the the DT 7960 3171 6 enemy enemy NN 7960 3171 7 arrayed array VBN 7960 3171 8 against against IN 7960 3171 9 them -PRON- PRP 7960 3171 10 , , , 7960 3171 11 but but CC 7960 3171 12 the the DT 7960 3171 13 death death NN 7960 3171 14 of of IN 7960 3171 15 Cyrus Cyrus NNP 7960 3171 16 made make VBD 7960 3171 17 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 3171 18 victory victory NN 7960 3171 19 fruitless fruitless JJ 7960 3171 20 . . . 7960 3172 1 In in IN 7960 3172 2 spite spite NN 7960 3172 3 of of IN 7960 3172 4 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 3172 5 desperate desperate JJ 7960 3172 6 situation situation NN 7960 3172 7 the the DT 7960 3172 8 Greeks Greeks NNPS 7960 3172 9 refused refuse VBD 7960 3172 10 to to TO 7960 3172 11 surrender surrender VB 7960 3172 12 and and CC 7960 3172 13 started start VBD 7960 3172 14 to to TO 7960 3172 15 return return VB 7960 3172 16 homewards homeward NNS 7960 3172 17 . . . 7960 3173 1 The the DT 7960 3173 2 Persians Persians NNPS 7960 3173 3 dogged dog VBD 7960 3173 4 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 3173 5 footsteps footstep NNS 7960 3173 6 , , , 7960 3173 7 yet yet CC 7960 3173 8 never never RB 7960 3173 9 ventured venture VBN 7960 3173 10 on on IN 7960 3173 11 a a DT 7960 3173 12 pitched pitch VBN 7960 3173 13 battle battle NN 7960 3173 14 . . . 7960 3174 1 After after IN 7960 3174 2 months month NNS 7960 3174 3 of of IN 7960 3174 4 wandering wandering NN 7960 3174 5 in in IN 7960 3174 6 Assyria Assyria NNP 7960 3174 7 and and CC 7960 3174 8 Armenia Armenia NNP 7960 3174 9 the the DT 7960 3174 10 little little JJ 7960 3174 11 band band NN 7960 3174 12 of of IN 7960 3174 13 intrepid intrepid JJ 7960 3174 14 soldiers soldier NNS 7960 3174 15 finally finally RB 7960 3174 16 reached reach VBD 7960 3174 17 Trapezus Trapezus NNP 7960 3174 18 , , , 7960 3174 19 ( ( -LRB- 7960 3174 20 Modern Modern NNP 7960 3174 21 Trebizond Trebizond NNP 7960 3174 22 ) ) -RRB- 7960 3174 23 a a DT 7960 3174 24 Greek greek JJ 7960 3174 25 city city NN 7960 3174 26 on on IN 7960 3174 27 the the DT 7960 3174 28 Black Black NNP 7960 3174 29 Sea Sea NNP 7960 3174 30 . . . 7960 3175 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 3175 2 Illustration illustration NN 7960 3175 3 : : : 7960 3175 4 Map Map NNP 7960 3175 5 , , , 7960 3175 6 ROUTE ROUTE NNP 7960 3175 7 OF of IN 7960 3175 8 THE the DT 7960 3175 9 TEN TEN NNP 7960 3175 10 THOUSAND THOUSAND NNP 7960 3175 11 ] ] -RRB- 7960 3175 12 SIGNIFICANCE SIGNIFICANCE NNP 7960 3175 13 OF of IN 7960 3175 14 THE the DT 7960 3175 15 EXPEDITION EXPEDITION NNP 7960 3175 16 The the DT 7960 3175 17 story story NN 7960 3175 18 of of IN 7960 3175 19 this this DT 7960 3175 20 invasion invasion NN 7960 3175 21 of of IN 7960 3175 22 Persia Persia NNP 7960 3175 23 and and CC 7960 3175 24 the the DT 7960 3175 25 subsequent subsequent JJ 7960 3175 26 retreat retreat NN 7960 3175 27 was be VBD 7960 3175 28 written write VBN 7960 3175 29 by by IN 7960 3175 30 the the DT 7960 3175 31 Athenian Athenian NNP 7960 3175 32 Xenophon Xenophon NNP 7960 3175 33 [ [ -LRB- 7960 3175 34 6 6 CD 7960 3175 35 ] ] -RRB- 7960 3175 36 in in IN 7960 3175 37 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 3175 38 _ _ NNP 7960 3175 39 Anabasis Anabasis NNP 7960 3175 40 _ _ NNP 7960 3175 41 . . . 7960 3176 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 3176 2 is be VBZ 7960 3176 3 one one CD 7960 3176 4 of of IN 7960 3176 5 the the DT 7960 3176 6 most most RBS 7960 3176 7 interesting interesting JJ 7960 3176 8 books book NNS 7960 3176 9 that that WDT 7960 3176 10 have have VBP 7960 3176 11 come come VBN 7960 3176 12 down down RP 7960 3176 13 to to IN 7960 3176 14 us -PRON- PRP 7960 3176 15 from from IN 7960 3176 16 antiquity antiquity NN 7960 3176 17 . . . 7960 3177 1 We -PRON- PRP 7960 3177 2 can can MD 7960 3177 3 judge judge VB 7960 3177 4 from from IN 7960 3177 5 it -PRON- PRP 7960 3177 6 how how WRB 7960 3177 7 vivid vivid JJ 7960 3177 8 was be VBD 7960 3177 9 the the DT 7960 3177 10 impression impression NN 7960 3177 11 which which WDT 7960 3177 12 the the DT 7960 3177 13 adventures adventure NNS 7960 3177 14 of of IN 7960 3177 15 the the DT 7960 3177 16 " " `` 7960 3177 17 Ten ten CD 7960 3177 18 Thousand thousand CD 7960 3177 19 " " '' 7960 3177 20 made make VBN 7960 3177 21 on on IN 7960 3177 22 the the DT 7960 3177 23 Greeks Greeks NNPS 7960 3177 24 of of IN 7960 3177 25 Xenophon Xenophon NNP 7960 3177 26 's 's POS 7960 3177 27 time time NN 7960 3177 28 . . . 7960 3178 1 A a DT 7960 3178 2 small small JJ 7960 3178 3 army army NN 7960 3178 4 had have VBD 7960 3178 5 marched march VBN 7960 3178 6 to to IN 7960 3178 7 the the DT 7960 3178 8 center center NN 7960 3178 9 of of IN 7960 3178 10 the the DT 7960 3178 11 Persian persian JJ 7960 3178 12 dominions dominion NNS 7960 3178 13 , , , 7960 3178 14 had have VBD 7960 3178 15 overcome overcome VBN 7960 3178 16 a a DT 7960 3178 17 host host NN 7960 3178 18 many many JJ 7960 3178 19 times time NNS 7960 3178 20 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 3178 21 size size NN 7960 3178 22 , , , 7960 3178 23 and and CC 7960 3178 24 had have VBD 7960 3178 25 returned return VBN 7960 3178 26 to to IN 7960 3178 27 Greece Greece NNP 7960 3178 28 in in IN 7960 3178 29 safety safety NN 7960 3178 30 . . . 7960 3179 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 3179 2 was be VBD 7960 3179 3 clear clear JJ 7960 3179 4 proof proof NN 7960 3179 5 that that IN 7960 3179 6 the the DT 7960 3179 7 Persian persian JJ 7960 3179 8 power power NN 7960 3179 9 , , , 7960 3179 10 however however RB 7960 3179 11 imposing impose VBG 7960 3179 12 on on IN 7960 3179 13 the the DT 7960 3179 14 outside outside NN 7960 3179 15 , , , 7960 3179 16 could could MD 7960 3179 17 offer offer VB 7960 3179 18 no no DT 7960 3179 19 effective effective JJ 7960 3179 20 resistance resistance NN 7960 3179 21 to to IN 7960 3179 22 an an DT 7960 3179 23 attack attack NN 7960 3179 24 by by IN 7960 3179 25 a a DT 7960 3179 26 strong strong JJ 7960 3179 27 force force NN 7960 3179 28 of of IN 7960 3179 29 disciplined discipline VBN 7960 3179 30 Greek greek JJ 7960 3179 31 soldiers soldier NNS 7960 3179 32 . . . 7960 3180 1 Henceforth henceforth RB 7960 3180 2 the the DT 7960 3180 3 Greeks Greeks NNPS 7960 3180 4 never never RB 7960 3180 5 abandoned abandon VBD 7960 3180 6 the the DT 7960 3180 7 idea idea NN 7960 3180 8 of of IN 7960 3180 9 an an DT 7960 3180 10 invasion invasion NN 7960 3180 11 of of IN 7960 3180 12 Persia Persia NNP 7960 3180 13 . . . 7960 3181 1 ALEXANDER ALEXANDER NNP 7960 3181 2 'S 's POS 7960 3181 3 INVASION invasion NN 7960 3181 4 The the DT 7960 3181 5 gigantic gigantic JJ 7960 3181 6 task task NN 7960 3181 7 fell fall VBD 7960 3181 8 , , , 7960 3181 9 however however RB 7960 3181 10 , , , 7960 3181 11 to to IN 7960 3181 12 Alexander Alexander NNP 7960 3181 13 , , , 7960 3181 14 as as IN 7960 3181 15 the the DT 7960 3181 16 champion champion NN 7960 3181 17 of of IN 7960 3181 18 Hellas Hellas NNP 7960 3181 19 against against IN 7960 3181 20 the the DT 7960 3181 21 " " `` 7960 3181 22 barbarians barbarian NNS 7960 3181 23 . . . 7960 3181 24 " " '' 7960 3182 1 With with IN 7960 3182 2 an an DT 7960 3182 3 army army NN 7960 3182 4 of of IN 7960 3182 5 less less JJR 7960 3182 6 than than IN 7960 3182 7 forty forty CD 7960 3182 8 thousand thousand CD 7960 3182 9 men man NNS 7960 3182 10 Alexander Alexander NNP 7960 3182 11 destroyed destroy VBD 7960 3182 12 an an DT 7960 3182 13 empire empire NN 7960 3182 14 before before IN 7960 3182 15 which which WDT 7960 3182 16 , , , 7960 3182 17 for for IN 7960 3182 18 two two CD 7960 3182 19 centuries century NNS 7960 3182 20 , , , 7960 3182 21 all all DT 7960 3182 22 Asia Asia NNP 7960 3182 23 had have VBD 7960 3182 24 been be VBN 7960 3182 25 wo will MD 7960 3182 26 nt not RB 7960 3182 27 to to TO 7960 3182 28 tremble tremble VB 7960 3182 29 . . . 7960 3183 1 History history NN 7960 3183 2 , , , 7960 3183 3 ancient ancient JJ 7960 3183 4 or or CC 7960 3183 5 modern modern JJ 7960 3183 6 , , , 7960 3183 7 contains contain VBZ 7960 3183 8 no no DT 7960 3183 9 other other JJ 7960 3183 10 record record NN 7960 3183 11 of of IN 7960 3183 12 conquests conquest NNS 7960 3183 13 so so RB 7960 3183 14 widespread widespread JJ 7960 3183 15 , , , 7960 3183 16 so so RB 7960 3183 17 thorough thorough JJ 7960 3183 18 , , , 7960 3183 19 so so RB 7960 3183 20 amazingly amazingly RB 7960 3183 21 rapid rapid JJ 7960 3183 22 . . . 7960 3184 1 42 42 CD 7960 3184 2 . . . 7960 3185 1 CONQUEST conquest NN 7960 3185 2 OF of IN 7960 3185 3 PERSIA PERSIA NNP 7960 3185 4 AND and CC 7960 3185 5 THE the DT 7960 3185 6 FAR FAR NNP 7960 3185 7 EAST EAST NNP 7960 3185 8 , , , 7960 3185 9 334 334 CD 7960 3185 10 - - SYM 7960 3185 11 323 323 CD 7960 3185 12 B.C. B.C. NNP 7960 3186 1 BATTLE BATTLE NNS 7960 3186 2 OF of IN 7960 3186 3 THE the DT 7960 3186 4 GRANICUS GRANICUS NNP 7960 3186 5 , , , 7960 3186 6 334 334 CD 7960 3186 7 B.C. B.C. NNP 7960 3187 1 Alexander Alexander NNP 7960 3187 2 crossed cross VBD 7960 3187 3 the the DT 7960 3187 4 Hellespont Hellespont NNP 7960 3187 5 in in IN 7960 3187 6 the the DT 7960 3187 7 spring spring NN 7960 3187 8 of of IN 7960 3187 9 the the DT 7960 3187 10 year year NN 7960 3187 11 334 334 CD 7960 3187 12 B.C. B.C. NNP 7960 3188 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 3188 2 landed land VBD 7960 3188 3 not not RB 7960 3188 4 far far RB 7960 3188 5 from from IN 7960 3188 6 the the DT 7960 3188 7 historic historic JJ 7960 3188 8 plain plain NN 7960 3188 9 of of IN 7960 3188 10 Troy Troy NNP 7960 3188 11 and and CC 7960 3188 12 at at IN 7960 3188 13 once once RB 7960 3188 14 began begin VBD 7960 3188 15 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 3188 16 march march NN 7960 3188 17 along along IN 7960 3188 18 the the DT 7960 3188 19 coast coast NN 7960 3188 20 . . . 7960 3189 1 Near near IN 7960 3189 2 the the DT 7960 3189 3 little little JJ 7960 3189 4 river river NN 7960 3189 5 Granicus Granicus NNP 7960 3189 6 the the DT 7960 3189 7 satraps satrap NNS 7960 3189 8 of of IN 7960 3189 9 Asia Asia NNP 7960 3189 10 Minor Minor NNP 7960 3189 11 had have VBD 7960 3189 12 gathered gather VBN 7960 3189 13 an an DT 7960 3189 14 army army NN 7960 3189 15 to to TO 7960 3189 16 dispute dispute VB 7960 3189 17 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 3189 18 passage passage NN 7960 3189 19 . . . 7960 3190 1 Alexander Alexander NNP 7960 3190 2 at at IN 7960 3190 3 once once RB 7960 3190 4 led lead VBD 7960 3190 5 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 3190 6 cavalry cavalry NN 7960 3190 7 across across IN 7960 3190 8 the the DT 7960 3190 9 river river NN 7960 3190 10 in in IN 7960 3190 11 an an DT 7960 3190 12 impetuous impetuous JJ 7960 3190 13 charge charge NN 7960 3190 14 , , , 7960 3190 15 which which WDT 7960 3190 16 soon soon RB 7960 3190 17 sent send VBD 7960 3190 18 the the DT 7960 3190 19 Persian persian JJ 7960 3190 20 troops troop NNS 7960 3190 21 in in IN 7960 3190 22 headlong headlong JJ 7960 3190 23 flight flight NN 7960 3190 24 . . . 7960 3191 1 The the DT 7960 3191 2 victory victory NN 7960 3191 3 cost cost VBD 7960 3191 4 the the DT 7960 3191 5 Macedonians Macedonians NNPS 7960 3191 6 scarcely scarcely RB 7960 3191 7 a a DT 7960 3191 8 hundred hundred CD 7960 3191 9 men man NNS 7960 3191 10 ; ; : 7960 3191 11 but but CC 7960 3191 12 it -PRON- PRP 7960 3191 13 was be VBD 7960 3191 14 complete complete JJ 7960 3191 15 . . . 7960 3192 1 As as IN 7960 3192 2 Alexander Alexander NNP 7960 3192 3 passed pass VBD 7960 3192 4 southward southward RB 7960 3192 5 , , , 7960 3192 6 town town NN 7960 3192 7 after after IN 7960 3192 8 town town NN 7960 3192 9 opened open VBD 7960 3192 10 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 3192 11 gates gate NNS 7960 3192 12 -- -- : 7960 3192 13 first first JJ 7960 3192 14 Sardis Sardis NNP 7960 3192 15 , , , 7960 3192 16 next next JJ 7960 3192 17 Ephesus Ephesus NNP 7960 3192 18 , , , 7960 3192 19 then then RB 7960 3192 20 all all PDT 7960 3192 21 the the DT 7960 3192 22 other other JJ 7960 3192 23 cities city NNS 7960 3192 24 of of IN 7960 3192 25 Ionia Ionia NNP 7960 3192 26 . . . 7960 3193 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 3193 2 were be VBD 7960 3193 3 glad glad JJ 7960 3193 4 enough enough RB 7960 3193 5 to to TO 7960 3193 6 be be VB 7960 3193 7 free free JJ 7960 3193 8 of of IN 7960 3193 9 Persian persian JJ 7960 3193 10 control control NN 7960 3193 11 . . . 7960 3194 1 Within within IN 7960 3194 2 a a DT 7960 3194 3 year year NN 7960 3194 4 Asia Asia NNP 7960 3194 5 Minor Minor NNP 7960 3194 6 was be VBD 7960 3194 7 a a DT 7960 3194 8 Macedonian macedonian JJ 7960 3194 9 possession possession NN 7960 3194 10 . . . 7960 3195 1 BATTLE BATTLE NNS 7960 3195 2 OF of IN 7960 3195 3 ISSUS issu NNS 7960 3195 4 , , , 7960 3195 5 333 333 CD 7960 3195 6 B.C. B.C. NNP 7960 3196 1 In in IN 7960 3196 2 the the DT 7960 3196 3 meantime meantime NN 7960 3196 4 Darius Darius NNP 7960 3196 5 III III NNP 7960 3196 6 , , , 7960 3196 7 the the DT 7960 3196 8 Persian persian JJ 7960 3196 9 king king NN 7960 3196 10 , , , 7960 3196 11 had have VBD 7960 3196 12 been be VBN 7960 3196 13 making make VBG 7960 3196 14 extensive extensive JJ 7960 3196 15 preparations preparation NNS 7960 3196 16 to to TO 7960 3196 17 meet meet VB 7960 3196 18 the the DT 7960 3196 19 invader invader NN 7960 3196 20 . . . 7960 3197 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 3197 2 commanded command VBD 7960 3197 3 half half PDT 7960 3197 4 a a DT 7960 3197 5 million million CD 7960 3197 6 men man NNS 7960 3197 7 , , , 7960 3197 8 but but CC 7960 3197 9 he -PRON- PRP 7960 3197 10 followed follow VBD 7960 3197 11 Alexander Alexander NNP 7960 3197 12 too too RB 7960 3197 13 hastily hastily RB 7960 3197 14 and and CC 7960 3197 15 had have VBD 7960 3197 16 to to TO 7960 3197 17 fight fight VB 7960 3197 18 in in IN 7960 3197 19 a a DT 7960 3197 20 narrow narrow JJ 7960 3197 21 defile defile NN 7960 3197 22 on on IN 7960 3197 23 the the DT 7960 3197 24 Syrian syrian JJ 7960 3197 25 coast coast NN 7960 3197 26 between between IN 7960 3197 27 the the DT 7960 3197 28 mountains mountain NNS 7960 3197 29 and and CC 7960 3197 30 the the DT 7960 3197 31 sea sea NN 7960 3197 32 . . . 7960 3198 1 In in IN 7960 3198 2 such such JJ 7960 3198 3 cramped cramped JJ 7960 3198 4 quarters quarter NNS 7960 3198 5 numbers number NNS 7960 3198 6 did do VBD 7960 3198 7 not not RB 7960 3198 8 count count VB 7960 3198 9 . . . 7960 3199 1 The the DT 7960 3199 2 battle battle NN 7960 3199 3 became become VBD 7960 3199 4 a a DT 7960 3199 5 massacre massacre NN 7960 3199 6 , , , 7960 3199 7 and and CC 7960 3199 8 only only RB 7960 3199 9 the the DT 7960 3199 10 approach approach NN 7960 3199 11 of of IN 7960 3199 12 night night NN 7960 3199 13 stayed stay VBD 7960 3199 14 the the DT 7960 3199 15 swords sword NNS 7960 3199 16 of of IN 7960 3199 17 the the DT 7960 3199 18 victorious victorious JJ 7960 3199 19 Macedonians Macedonians NNPS 7960 3199 20 . . . 7960 3200 1 A a DT 7960 3200 2 great great JJ 7960 3200 3 quantity quantity NN 7960 3200 4 of of IN 7960 3200 5 booty booty NN 7960 3200 6 , , , 7960 3200 7 including include VBG 7960 3200 8 the the DT 7960 3200 9 mother mother NN 7960 3200 10 , , , 7960 3200 11 wife wife NN 7960 3200 12 , , , 7960 3200 13 and and CC 7960 3200 14 children child NNS 7960 3200 15 of of IN 7960 3200 16 Darius Darius NNP 7960 3200 17 , , , 7960 3200 18 fell fall VBD 7960 3200 19 into into IN 7960 3200 20 Alexander Alexander NNP 7960 3200 21 's 's POS 7960 3200 22 hands hand NNS 7960 3200 23 . . . 7960 3201 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 3201 2 treated treat VBD 7960 3201 3 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 3201 4 royal royal JJ 7960 3201 5 captives captive NNS 7960 3201 6 kindly kindly RB 7960 3201 7 , , , 7960 3201 8 but but CC 7960 3201 9 refused refuse VBD 7960 3201 10 to to TO 7960 3201 11 make make VB 7960 3201 12 peace peace NN 7960 3201 13 with with IN 7960 3201 14 the the DT 7960 3201 15 Persian persian JJ 7960 3201 16 king king NN 7960 3201 17 . . . 7960 3202 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 3202 2 Illustration illustration NN 7960 3202 3 : : : 7960 3202 4 THE the DT 7960 3202 5 ALEXANDER ALEXANDER NNP 7960 3202 6 MOSAIC MOSAIC NNP 7960 3202 7 ( ( -LRB- 7960 3202 8 Naples Naples NNP 7960 3202 9 Museum Museum NNP 7960 3202 10 ) ) -RRB- 7960 3202 11 This this DT 7960 3202 12 splendid splendid VBD 7960 3202 13 mosaic mosaic JJ 7960 3202 14 composed compose VBN 7960 3202 15 of of IN 7960 3202 16 pieces piece NNS 7960 3202 17 of of IN 7960 3202 18 colored colored JJ 7960 3202 19 glass glass NN 7960 3202 20 formed form VBD 7960 3202 21 the the DT 7960 3202 22 pavement pavement NN 7960 3202 23 of of IN 7960 3202 24 a a DT 7960 3202 25 Roman roman JJ 7960 3202 26 house house NN 7960 3202 27 at at IN 7960 3202 28 Pompeii Pompeii NNP 7960 3202 29 in in IN 7960 3202 30 Italy Italy NNP 7960 3202 31 . . . 7960 3203 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 3203 2 represents represent VBZ 7960 3203 3 the the DT 7960 3203 4 charge charge NN 7960 3203 5 of of IN 7960 3203 6 Alexander Alexander NNP 7960 3203 7 ( ( -LRB- 7960 3203 8 on on IN 7960 3203 9 horseback horseback NN 7960 3203 10 at at IN 7960 3203 11 the the DT 7960 3203 12 left left NN 7960 3203 13 ) ) -RRB- 7960 3203 14 against against IN 7960 3203 15 the the DT 7960 3203 16 Persian persian JJ 7960 3203 17 king king NN 7960 3203 18 in in IN 7960 3203 19 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 3203 20 chariot chariot NN 7960 3203 21 , , , 7960 3203 22 at at IN 7960 3203 23 the the DT 7960 3203 24 battle battle NN 7960 3203 25 of of IN 7960 3203 26 Issus Issus NNP 7960 3203 27 . . . 7960 3203 28 ] ] -RRB- 7960 3204 1 CAPTURE CAPTURE NNP 7960 3204 2 OF of IN 7960 3204 3 TYRE TYRE NNP 7960 3204 4 , , , 7960 3204 5 332 332 CD 7960 3204 6 B.C. B.C. NNP 7960 3205 1 The the DT 7960 3205 2 next next JJ 7960 3205 3 step step NN 7960 3205 4 was be VBD 7960 3205 5 to to TO 7960 3205 6 subdue subdue VB 7960 3205 7 the the DT 7960 3205 8 Phoenician phoenician JJ 7960 3205 9 city city NN 7960 3205 10 of of IN 7960 3205 11 Tyre Tyre NNP 7960 3205 12 , , , 7960 3205 13 the the DT 7960 3205 14 headquarters headquarters NN 7960 3205 15 of of IN 7960 3205 16 Persia Persia NNP 7960 3205 17 's 's POS 7960 3205 18 naval naval JJ 7960 3205 19 power power NN 7960 3205 20 . . . 7960 3206 1 The the DT 7960 3206 2 city city NN 7960 3206 3 lay lie VBD 7960 3206 4 on on IN 7960 3206 5 a a DT 7960 3206 6 rocky rocky JJ 7960 3206 7 island island NN 7960 3206 8 , , , 7960 3206 9 half half PDT 7960 3206 10 a a DT 7960 3206 11 mile mile NN 7960 3206 12 from from IN 7960 3206 13 the the DT 7960 3206 14 shore shore NN 7960 3206 15 . . . 7960 3207 1 Its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 3207 2 fortifications fortification NNS 7960 3207 3 rose rise VBD 7960 3207 4 one one CD 7960 3207 5 hundred hundred CD 7960 3207 6 feet foot NNS 7960 3207 7 above above IN 7960 3207 8 the the DT 7960 3207 9 waves wave NNS 7960 3207 10 . . . 7960 3208 1 Although although IN 7960 3208 2 the the DT 7960 3208 3 place place NN 7960 3208 4 seemed seem VBD 7960 3208 5 impregnable impregnable JJ 7960 3208 6 , , , 7960 3208 7 Alexander Alexander NNP 7960 3208 8 was be VBD 7960 3208 9 able able JJ 7960 3208 10 to to TO 7960 3208 11 capture capture VB 7960 3208 12 it -PRON- PRP 7960 3208 13 after after IN 7960 3208 14 he -PRON- PRP 7960 3208 15 had have VBD 7960 3208 16 built build VBN 7960 3208 17 a a DT 7960 3208 18 mole mole NN 7960 3208 19 , , , 7960 3208 20 or or CC 7960 3208 21 causeway causeway NN 7960 3208 22 , , , 7960 3208 23 between between IN 7960 3208 24 the the DT 7960 3208 25 shore shore NN 7960 3208 26 and and CC 7960 3208 27 the the DT 7960 3208 28 island island NN 7960 3208 29 . . . 7960 3209 1 Powerful powerful JJ 7960 3209 2 siege siege NN 7960 3209 3 engines engine NNS 7960 3209 4 then then RB 7960 3209 5 breached breach VBD 7960 3209 6 the the DT 7960 3209 7 walls wall NNS 7960 3209 8 , , , 7960 3209 9 the the DT 7960 3209 10 Macedonians Macedonians NNPS 7960 3209 11 poured pour VBD 7960 3209 12 in in RP 7960 3209 13 , , , 7960 3209 14 and and CC 7960 3209 15 Tyre Tyre NNP 7960 3209 16 fell fall VBD 7960 3209 17 by by IN 7960 3209 18 storm storm NN 7960 3209 19 . . . 7960 3210 1 Thousands thousand NNS 7960 3210 2 of of IN 7960 3210 3 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 3210 4 inhabitants inhabitant NNS 7960 3210 5 perished perish VBN 7960 3210 6 and and CC 7960 3210 7 thousands thousand NNS 7960 3210 8 more more RBR 7960 3210 9 were be VBD 7960 3210 10 sold sell VBN 7960 3210 11 into into IN 7960 3210 12 slavery slavery NN 7960 3210 13 . . . 7960 3211 1 The the DT 7960 3211 2 great great JJ 7960 3211 3 emporium emporium NN 7960 3211 4 of of IN 7960 3211 5 the the DT 7960 3211 6 East East NNP 7960 3211 7 became become VBD 7960 3211 8 a a DT 7960 3211 9 heap heap NN 7960 3211 10 of of IN 7960 3211 11 ruins ruin NNS 7960 3211 12 . . . 7960 3212 1 ALEXANDER ALEXANDER NNP 7960 3212 2 IN in IN 7960 3212 3 EGYPT EGYPT NNP 7960 3212 4 From from IN 7960 3212 5 Tyre Tyre NNP 7960 3212 6 Alexander Alexander NNP 7960 3212 7 led lead VBD 7960 3212 8 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 3212 9 ever ever RB 7960 3212 10 - - HYPH 7960 3212 11 victorious victorious JJ 7960 3212 12 army army NN 7960 3212 13 through through IN 7960 3212 14 Syria Syria NNP 7960 3212 15 into into IN 7960 3212 16 Egypt Egypt NNP 7960 3212 17 . . . 7960 3213 1 The the DT 7960 3213 2 Persian persian JJ 7960 3213 3 forces force NNS 7960 3213 4 here here RB 7960 3213 5 offered offer VBD 7960 3213 6 little little JJ 7960 3213 7 resistance resistance NN 7960 3213 8 , , , 7960 3213 9 and and CC 7960 3213 10 the the DT 7960 3213 11 Egyptians Egyptians NNPS 7960 3213 12 themselves -PRON- PRP 7960 3213 13 welcomed welcome VBD 7960 3213 14 Alexander Alexander NNP 7960 3213 15 as as IN 7960 3213 16 a a DT 7960 3213 17 deliverer deliverer NN 7960 3213 18 . . . 7960 3214 1 The the DT 7960 3214 2 conqueror conqueror NN 7960 3214 3 entered enter VBD 7960 3214 4 Memphis Memphis NNP 7960 3214 5 in in IN 7960 3214 6 triumph triumph NN 7960 3214 7 and and CC 7960 3214 8 then then RB 7960 3214 9 sailed sail VBD 7960 3214 10 down down RP 7960 3214 11 the the DT 7960 3214 12 Nile Nile NNP 7960 3214 13 to to IN 7960 3214 14 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 3214 15 western western JJ 7960 3214 16 mouth mouth NN 7960 3214 17 , , , 7960 3214 18 where where WRB 7960 3214 19 he -PRON- PRP 7960 3214 20 laid lay VBD 7960 3214 21 the the DT 7960 3214 22 foundations foundation NNS 7960 3214 23 of of IN 7960 3214 24 Alexandria Alexandria NNP 7960 3214 25 , , , 7960 3214 26 a a DT 7960 3214 27 city city NN 7960 3214 28 which which WDT 7960 3214 29 later later RB 7960 3214 30 became become VBD 7960 3214 31 the the DT 7960 3214 32 metropolis metropolis NN 7960 3214 33 of of IN 7960 3214 34 the the DT 7960 3214 35 Orient Orient NNP 7960 3214 36 . . . 7960 3215 1 ALEXANDER ALEXANDER NNP 7960 3215 2 IN in IN 7960 3215 3 LIBYA LIBYA NNP 7960 3215 4 Another another DT 7960 3215 5 march march NN 7960 3215 6 brought bring VBD 7960 3215 7 Alexander Alexander NNP 7960 3215 8 to to IN 7960 3215 9 the the DT 7960 3215 10 borders border NNS 7960 3215 11 of of IN 7960 3215 12 Libya Libya NNP 7960 3215 13 , , , 7960 3215 14 Here here RB 7960 3215 15 he -PRON- PRP 7960 3215 16 received receive VBD 7960 3215 17 the the DT 7960 3215 18 submission submission NN 7960 3215 19 of of IN 7960 3215 20 Cyrene Cyrene NNP 7960 3215 21 , , , 7960 3215 22 the the DT 7960 3215 23 most most RBS 7960 3215 24 important important JJ 7960 3215 25 Greek greek JJ 7960 3215 26 colony colony NN 7960 3215 27 in in IN 7960 3215 28 Africa Africa NNP 7960 3215 29 . . . 7960 3216 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 3216 2 7 7 CD 7960 3216 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 3216 4 Alexander Alexander NNP 7960 3216 5 's 's POS 7960 3216 6 dominions dominion NNS 7960 3216 7 were be VBD 7960 3216 8 thus thus RB 7960 3216 9 extended extend VBN 7960 3216 10 to to IN 7960 3216 11 the the DT 7960 3216 12 border border NN 7960 3216 13 of of IN 7960 3216 14 the the DT 7960 3216 15 Carthaginian carthaginian JJ 7960 3216 16 possessions possession NNS 7960 3216 17 . . . 7960 3217 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 3217 2 was be VBD 7960 3217 3 at at IN 7960 3217 4 this this DT 7960 3217 5 time time NN 7960 3217 6 that that WDT 7960 3217 7 Alexander Alexander NNP 7960 3217 8 visited visit VBD 7960 3217 9 a a DT 7960 3217 10 celebrated celebrated JJ 7960 3217 11 temple temple NN 7960 3217 12 of of IN 7960 3217 13 the the DT 7960 3217 14 god god NNP 7960 3217 15 Amon Amon NNP 7960 3217 16 , , , 7960 3217 17 located locate VBN 7960 3217 18 in in IN 7960 3217 19 an an DT 7960 3217 20 oasis oasis NN 7960 3217 21 of of IN 7960 3217 22 the the DT 7960 3217 23 Libyan libyan JJ 7960 3217 24 desert desert NN 7960 3217 25 . . . 7960 3218 1 The the DT 7960 3218 2 priests priest NNS 7960 3218 3 were be VBD 7960 3218 4 ready ready JJ 7960 3218 5 enough enough RB 7960 3218 6 to to TO 7960 3218 7 hail hail VB 7960 3218 8 him -PRON- PRP 7960 3218 9 as as IN 7960 3218 10 a a DT 7960 3218 11 son son NN 7960 3218 12 of of IN 7960 3218 13 Amon Amon NNP 7960 3218 14 , , , 7960 3218 15 as as IN 7960 3218 16 one one CD 7960 3218 17 before before IN 7960 3218 18 whom whom WP 7960 3218 19 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 3218 20 Egyptian egyptian JJ 7960 3218 21 subjects subject NNS 7960 3218 22 might may MD 7960 3218 23 bow bow VB 7960 3218 24 down down RP 7960 3218 25 and and CC 7960 3218 26 adore adore NNP 7960 3218 27 . . . 7960 3219 1 But but CC 7960 3219 2 after after IN 7960 3219 3 Alexander Alexander NNP 7960 3219 4 's 's POS 7960 3219 5 death death NN 7960 3219 6 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 3219 7 worship worship NN 7960 3219 8 spread spread VBD 7960 3219 9 widely widely RB 7960 3219 10 over over IN 7960 3219 11 the the DT 7960 3219 12 world world NN 7960 3219 13 , , , 7960 3219 14 and and CC 7960 3219 15 even even RB 7960 3219 16 the the DT 7960 3219 17 Roman roman JJ 7960 3219 18 Senate Senate NNP 7960 3219 19 gave give VBD 7960 3219 20 him -PRON- PRP 7960 3219 21 a a DT 7960 3219 22 place place NN 7960 3219 23 among among IN 7960 3219 24 the the DT 7960 3219 25 gods god NNS 7960 3219 26 of of IN 7960 3219 27 Olympus Olympus NNP 7960 3219 28 . . . 7960 3220 1 BATTLE BATTLE NNS 7960 3220 2 OF of IN 7960 3220 3 ARBELA ARBELA NNP 7960 3220 4 , , , 7960 3220 5 331 331 CD 7960 3220 6 B.C. B.C. NNP 7960 3221 1 The the DT 7960 3221 2 time time NN 7960 3221 3 had have VBD 7960 3221 4 now now RB 7960 3221 5 come come VBN 7960 3221 6 to to TO 7960 3221 7 strike strike VB 7960 3221 8 directly directly RB 7960 3221 9 at at IN 7960 3221 10 the the DT 7960 3221 11 Persian persian JJ 7960 3221 12 king king NN 7960 3221 13 . . . 7960 3222 1 Following follow VBG 7960 3222 2 the the DT 7960 3222 3 ancient ancient JJ 7960 3222 4 trade trade NN 7960 3222 5 routes route NNS 7960 3222 6 through through IN 7960 3222 7 northern northern JJ 7960 3222 8 Mesopotamia Mesopotamia NNP 7960 3222 9 , , , 7960 3222 10 Alexander Alexander NNP 7960 3222 11 crossed cross VBD 7960 3222 12 the the DT 7960 3222 13 Euphrates Euphrates NNP 7960 3222 14 and and CC 7960 3222 15 the the DT 7960 3222 16 Tigris Tigris NNP 7960 3222 17 and and CC 7960 3222 18 , , , 7960 3222 19 on on IN 7960 3222 20 a a DT 7960 3222 21 broad broad JJ 7960 3222 22 plain plain NN 7960 3222 23 not not RB 7960 3222 24 far far RB 7960 3222 25 from from IN 7960 3222 26 the the DT 7960 3222 27 ruins ruin NNS 7960 3222 28 of of IN 7960 3222 29 ancient ancient JJ 7960 3222 30 Nineveh Nineveh NNP 7960 3222 31 , , , 7960 3222 32 [ [ -LRB- 7960 3222 33 8 8 CD 7960 3222 34 ] ] -RRB- 7960 3222 35 found find VBN 7960 3222 36 himself -PRON- PRP 7960 3222 37 confronted confront VBN 7960 3222 38 by by IN 7960 3222 39 the the DT 7960 3222 40 Persian persian JJ 7960 3222 41 host host NN 7960 3222 42 . . . 7960 3223 1 Darius Darius NNP 7960 3223 2 held hold VBD 7960 3223 3 an an DT 7960 3223 4 excellent excellent JJ 7960 3223 5 position position NN 7960 3223 6 and and CC 7960 3223 7 hoped hope VBD 7960 3223 8 to to TO 7960 3223 9 crush crush VB 7960 3223 10 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 3223 11 foe foe NN 7960 3223 12 by by IN 7960 3223 13 sheer sheer JJ 7960 3223 14 weight weight NN 7960 3223 15 of of IN 7960 3223 16 numbers number NNS 7960 3223 17 . . . 7960 3224 1 But but CC 7960 3224 2 nothing nothing NN 7960 3224 3 could could MD 7960 3224 4 stop stop VB 7960 3224 5 the the DT 7960 3224 6 Macedonian macedonian JJ 7960 3224 7 onset onset NN 7960 3224 8 ; ; : 7960 3224 9 once once RB 7960 3224 10 more more JJR 7960 3224 11 Darius Darius NNP 7960 3224 12 fled flee VBD 7960 3224 13 away away RB 7960 3224 14 , , , 7960 3224 15 and and CC 7960 3224 16 once once RB 7960 3224 17 more more JJR 7960 3224 18 the the DT 7960 3224 19 Persians Persians NNPS 7960 3224 20 , , , 7960 3224 21 deserted desert VBN 7960 3224 22 by by IN 7960 3224 23 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 3224 24 king king NN 7960 3224 25 , , , 7960 3224 26 broke break VBD 7960 3224 27 up up RP 7960 3224 28 in in IN 7960 3224 29 hopeless hopeless JJ 7960 3224 30 rout rout NN 7960 3224 31 . . . 7960 3225 1 END END NNP 7960 3225 2 OF of IN 7960 3225 3 THE the DT 7960 3225 4 PERSIAN PERSIAN NNP 7960 3225 5 EMPIRE EMPIRE NNP 7960 3225 6 The the DT 7960 3225 7 battle battle NN 7960 3225 8 of of IN 7960 3225 9 Arbela Arbela NNP 7960 3225 10 decided decide VBD 7960 3225 11 the the DT 7960 3225 12 fate fate NN 7960 3225 13 of of IN 7960 3225 14 the the DT 7960 3225 15 Persian Persian NNP 7960 3225 16 Empire Empire NNP 7960 3225 17 . . . 7960 3226 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 3226 2 remained remain VBD 7960 3226 3 only only RB 7960 3226 4 to to TO 7960 3226 5 gather gather VB 7960 3226 6 the the DT 7960 3226 7 fruits fruit NNS 7960 3226 8 of of IN 7960 3226 9 victory victory NN 7960 3226 10 . . . 7960 3227 1 The the DT 7960 3227 2 city city NN 7960 3227 3 of of IN 7960 3227 4 Babylon Babylon NNP 7960 3227 5 surrendered surrender VBD 7960 3227 6 without without IN 7960 3227 7 a a DT 7960 3227 8 struggle struggle NN 7960 3227 9 . . . 7960 3228 1 Susa susa RB 7960 3228 2 , , , 7960 3228 3 with with IN 7960 3228 4 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 3228 5 enormous enormous JJ 7960 3228 6 treasure treasure NN 7960 3228 7 , , , 7960 3228 8 fell fall VBD 7960 3228 9 into into IN 7960 3228 10 the the DT 7960 3228 11 conqueror conqueror NN 7960 3228 12 's 's POS 7960 3228 13 hands hand NNS 7960 3228 14 . . . 7960 3229 1 Persepolis Persepolis NNP 7960 3229 2 , , , 7960 3229 3 the the DT 7960 3229 4 old old JJ 7960 3229 5 Persian persian JJ 7960 3229 6 capital capital NN 7960 3229 7 , , , 7960 3229 8 was be VBD 7960 3229 9 given give VBN 7960 3229 10 up up RP 7960 3229 11 to to IN 7960 3229 12 fire fire NN 7960 3229 13 and and CC 7960 3229 14 sword sword NN 7960 3229 15 . . . 7960 3230 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 3230 2 9 9 CD 7960 3230 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 3230 4 Darius Darius NNP 7960 3230 5 himself -PRON- PRP 7960 3230 6 , , , 7960 3230 7 as as IN 7960 3230 8 he -PRON- PRP 7960 3230 9 retreated retreat VBD 7960 3230 10 eastward eastward RB 7960 3230 11 , , , 7960 3230 12 was be VBD 7960 3230 13 murdered murder VBN 7960 3230 14 by by IN 7960 3230 15 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 3230 16 own own JJ 7960 3230 17 men man NNS 7960 3230 18 . . . 7960 3231 1 With with IN 7960 3231 2 the the DT 7960 3231 3 death death NN 7960 3231 4 of of IN 7960 3231 5 Darius Darius NNP 7960 3231 6 the the DT 7960 3231 7 national national JJ 7960 3231 8 war war NN 7960 3231 9 of of IN 7960 3231 10 Greece Greece NNP 7960 3231 11 against against IN 7960 3231 12 Persia Persia NNP 7960 3231 13 came come VBD 7960 3231 14 to to IN 7960 3231 15 an an DT 7960 3231 16 end end NN 7960 3231 17 . . . 7960 3232 1 CONQUEST conquest NN 7960 3232 2 OF of IN 7960 3232 3 IRAN iran NN 7960 3232 4 The the DT 7960 3232 5 Macedonians Macedonians NNPS 7960 3232 6 had have VBD 7960 3232 7 now now RB 7960 3232 8 overrun overrun NN 7960 3232 9 all all PDT 7960 3232 10 the the DT 7960 3232 11 Persian persian JJ 7960 3232 12 provinces province NNS 7960 3232 13 except except IN 7960 3232 14 distant distant JJ 7960 3232 15 Iran Iran NNP 7960 3232 16 and and CC 7960 3232 17 India India NNP 7960 3232 18 . . . 7960 3233 1 These these DT 7960 3233 2 countries country NNS 7960 3233 3 were be VBD 7960 3233 4 peopled people VBN 7960 3233 5 of of IN 7960 3233 6 by by IN 7960 3233 7 warlike warlike JJ 7960 3233 8 tribes tribe NNS 7960 3233 9 of of IN 7960 3233 10 a a DT 7960 3233 11 very very RB 7960 3233 12 different different JJ 7960 3233 13 stamp stamp NN 7960 3233 14 from from IN 7960 3233 15 the the DT 7960 3233 16 effeminate effeminate JJ 7960 3233 17 Persians Persians NNPS 7960 3233 18 . . . 7960 3234 1 Alexander Alexander NNP 7960 3234 2 might may MD 7960 3234 3 well well RB 7960 3234 4 have have VB 7960 3234 5 been be VBN 7960 3234 6 content content JJ 7960 3234 7 to to TO 7960 3234 8 leave leave VB 7960 3234 9 them -PRON- PRP 7960 3234 10 undisturbed undisturbed JJ 7960 3234 11 , , , 7960 3234 12 but but CC 7960 3234 13 the the DT 7960 3234 14 man man NN 7960 3234 15 could could MD 7960 3234 16 never never RB 7960 3234 17 rest rest VB 7960 3234 18 while while IN 7960 3234 19 there there EX 7960 3234 20 were be VBD 7960 3234 21 still still RB 7960 3234 22 conquests conquest NNS 7960 3234 23 to to TO 7960 3234 24 be be VB 7960 3234 25 made make VBN 7960 3234 26 . . . 7960 3235 1 Long long JJ 7960 3235 2 marches marche NNS 7960 3235 3 and and CC 7960 3235 4 much much RB 7960 3235 5 hard hard JJ 7960 3235 6 fighting fighting NN 7960 3235 7 were be VBD 7960 3235 8 necessary necessary JJ 7960 3235 9 to to TO 7960 3235 10 subdue subdue VB 7960 3235 11 the the DT 7960 3235 12 tribes tribe NNS 7960 3235 13 about about IN 7960 3235 14 the the DT 7960 3235 15 Caspian Caspian NNP 7960 3235 16 and and CC 7960 3235 17 the the DT 7960 3235 18 inhabitants inhabitant NNS 7960 3235 19 of of IN 7960 3235 20 the the DT 7960 3235 21 countries country NNS 7960 3235 22 now now RB 7960 3235 23 known know VBN 7960 3235 24 as as IN 7960 3235 25 Afghanistan Afghanistan NNP 7960 3235 26 and and CC 7960 3235 27 Turkestan Turkestan NNP 7960 3235 28 . . . 7960 3236 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 3236 2 Illustration illustration NN 7960 3236 3 : : : 7960 3236 4 Map Map NNP 7960 3236 5 , , , 7960 3236 6 EMPIRE EMPIRE NNP 7960 3236 7 OF of IN 7960 3236 8 ALEXANDER ALEXANDER NNP 7960 3236 9 THE the DT 7960 3236 10 GREAT GREAT NNP 7960 3236 11 About about RB 7960 3236 12 323 323 CD 7960 3236 13 B.C. B.C. NNP 7960 3236 14 ] ] -RRB- 7960 3237 1 CONQUEST conquest NN 7960 3237 2 OF of IN 7960 3237 3 INDIA INDIA NNP 7960 3237 4 Crossing Crossing NNP 7960 3237 5 the the DT 7960 3237 6 lofty lofty JJ 7960 3237 7 barrier barrier NN 7960 3237 8 of of IN 7960 3237 9 the the DT 7960 3237 10 Hindu Hindu NNP 7960 3237 11 - - HYPH 7960 3237 12 Kush Kush NNP 7960 3237 13 , , , 7960 3237 14 Alexander Alexander NNP 7960 3237 15 led lead VBD 7960 3237 16 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 3237 17 weary weary JJ 7960 3237 18 soldiers soldier NNS 7960 3237 19 into into IN 7960 3237 20 northwestern northwestern JJ 7960 3237 21 India India NNP 7960 3237 22 , , , 7960 3237 23 where where WRB 7960 3237 24 a a DT 7960 3237 25 single single JJ 7960 3237 26 battle battle NN 7960 3237 27 added add VBD 7960 3237 28 the the DT 7960 3237 29 Persian persian JJ 7960 3237 30 province province NN 7960 3237 31 of of IN 7960 3237 32 the the DT 7960 3237 33 Punjab Punjab NNP 7960 3237 34 [ [ -LRB- 7960 3237 35 10 10 CD 7960 3237 36 ] ] -RRB- 7960 3237 37 to to IN 7960 3237 38 the the DT 7960 3237 39 Macedonian macedonian JJ 7960 3237 40 possessions possession NNS 7960 3237 41 . . . 7960 3238 1 Alexander Alexander NNP 7960 3238 2 then then RB 7960 3238 3 pressed press VBD 7960 3238 4 forward forward RB 7960 3238 5 to to IN 7960 3238 6 the the DT 7960 3238 7 conquest conquest NN 7960 3238 8 of of IN 7960 3238 9 the the DT 7960 3238 10 Ganges Ganges NNP 7960 3238 11 valley valley NN 7960 3238 12 , , , 7960 3238 13 but but CC 7960 3238 14 in in IN 7960 3238 15 the the DT 7960 3238 16 full full JJ 7960 3238 17 tide tide NN 7960 3238 18 of of IN 7960 3238 19 victory victory NN 7960 3238 20 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 3238 21 troops troop NNS 7960 3238 22 refused refuse VBD 7960 3238 23 to to TO 7960 3238 24 go go VB 7960 3238 25 any any DT 7960 3238 26 farther farther RB 7960 3238 27 . . . 7960 3239 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 3239 2 had have VBD 7960 3239 3 had have VBN 7960 3239 4 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 3239 5 fill fill NN 7960 3239 6 of of IN 7960 3239 7 war war NN 7960 3239 8 and and CC 7960 3239 9 martial martial JJ 7960 3239 10 glory glory NN 7960 3239 11 ; ; : 7960 3239 12 they -PRON- PRP 7960 3239 13 would would MD 7960 3239 14 conquer conquer VB 7960 3239 15 no no DT 7960 3239 16 more more JJR 7960 3239 17 lands land NNS 7960 3239 18 for for IN 7960 3239 19 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 3239 20 ambitious ambitious JJ 7960 3239 21 king king NN 7960 3239 22 . . . 7960 3240 1 Alexander Alexander NNP 7960 3240 2 gave give VBD 7960 3240 3 with with IN 7960 3240 4 reluctance reluctance NN 7960 3240 5 the the DT 7960 3240 6 order order NN 7960 3240 7 for for IN 7960 3240 8 the the DT 7960 3240 9 homeward homeward NNP 7960 3240 10 march march NNP 7960 3240 11 . . . 7960 3241 1 ALEXANDER ALEXANDER NNP 7960 3241 2 'S 's POS 7960 3241 3 RETURN RETURN NNP 7960 3241 4 TO to IN 7960 3241 5 BABYLON BABYLON NNP 7960 3241 6 Alexander Alexander NNP 7960 3241 7 was be VBD 7960 3241 8 of of IN 7960 3241 9 too too RB 7960 3241 10 adventurous adventurous JJ 7960 3241 11 a a DT 7960 3241 12 disposition disposition NN 7960 3241 13 to to TO 7960 3241 14 return return VB 7960 3241 15 by by IN 7960 3241 16 the the DT 7960 3241 17 way way NN 7960 3241 18 he -PRON- PRP 7960 3241 19 had have VBD 7960 3241 20 come come VBN 7960 3241 21 . . . 7960 3242 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 3242 2 resolved resolve VBD 7960 3242 3 to to TO 7960 3242 4 reach reach VB 7960 3242 5 Babylon Babylon NNP 7960 3242 6 by by IN 7960 3242 7 a a DT 7960 3242 8 new new JJ 7960 3242 9 route route NN 7960 3242 10 . . . 7960 3243 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 3243 2 built build VBD 7960 3243 3 a a DT 7960 3243 4 navy navy NN 7960 3243 5 on on IN 7960 3243 6 the the DT 7960 3243 7 Indus Indus NNP 7960 3243 8 and and CC 7960 3243 9 had have VBD 7960 3243 10 it -PRON- PRP 7960 3243 11 accompany accompany VB 7960 3243 12 the the DT 7960 3243 13 army army NN 7960 3243 14 down down IN 7960 3243 15 the the DT 7960 3243 16 river river NN 7960 3243 17 . . . 7960 3244 1 At at IN 7960 3244 2 the the DT 7960 3244 3 mouth mouth NN 7960 3244 4 of of IN 7960 3244 5 the the DT 7960 3244 6 Indus Indus NNP 7960 3244 7 Alexander Alexander NNP 7960 3244 8 dispatched dispatch VBD 7960 3244 9 the the DT 7960 3244 10 fleet fleet NN 7960 3244 11 under under IN 7960 3244 12 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 3244 13 admiral admiral NN 7960 3244 14 , , , 7960 3244 15 Nearchus Nearchus NNP 7960 3244 16 , , , 7960 3244 17 to to TO 7960 3244 18 explore explore VB 7960 3244 19 the the DT 7960 3244 20 Indian Indian NNP 7960 3244 21 Ocean Ocean NNP 7960 3244 22 and and CC 7960 3244 23 to to TO 7960 3244 24 discover discover VB 7960 3244 25 , , , 7960 3244 26 if if IN 7960 3244 27 possible possible JJ 7960 3244 28 , , , 7960 3244 29 a a DT 7960 3244 30 sea sea NN 7960 3244 31 route route NN 7960 3244 32 between between IN 7960 3244 33 India India NNP 7960 3244 34 and and CC 7960 3244 35 the the DT 7960 3244 36 West West NNP 7960 3244 37 . . . 7960 3245 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 3245 2 himself -PRON- PRP 7960 3245 3 led lead VBD 7960 3245 4 the the DT 7960 3245 5 army army NN 7960 3245 6 , , , 7960 3245 7 by by IN 7960 3245 8 a a DT 7960 3245 9 long long JJ 7960 3245 10 and and CC 7960 3245 11 toilsome toilsome JJ 7960 3245 12 march march NN 7960 3245 13 through through IN 7960 3245 14 the the DT 7960 3245 15 deserts desert NNS 7960 3245 16 of of IN 7960 3245 17 southern southern JJ 7960 3245 18 Iran Iran NNP 7960 3245 19 , , , 7960 3245 20 to to IN 7960 3245 21 Babylon Babylon NNP 7960 3245 22 . . . 7960 3246 1 That that DT 7960 3246 2 city city NN 7960 3246 3 now now RB 7960 3246 4 became become VBD 7960 3246 5 the the DT 7960 3246 6 capital capital NN 7960 3246 7 of of IN 7960 3246 8 the the DT 7960 3246 9 Macedonian Macedonian NNP 7960 3246 10 Empire Empire NNP 7960 3246 11 . . . 7960 3247 1 DEATH death NN 7960 3247 2 OF of IN 7960 3247 3 ALEXANDER ALEXANDER NNP 7960 3247 4 , , , 7960 3247 5 323 323 CD 7960 3247 6 B.C. B.C. NNP 7960 3248 1 Scarcely scarcely RB 7960 3248 2 two two CD 7960 3248 3 years year NNS 7960 3248 4 after after IN 7960 3248 5 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 3248 6 return return NN 7960 3248 7 , , , 7960 3248 8 while while IN 7960 3248 9 he -PRON- PRP 7960 3248 10 was be VBD 7960 3248 11 planning plan VBG 7960 3248 12 yet yet CC 7960 3248 13 more more RBR 7960 3248 14 extensive extensive JJ 7960 3248 15 conquests conquest NNS 7960 3248 16 in in IN 7960 3248 17 Arabia Arabia NNP 7960 3248 18 , , , 7960 3248 19 Africa Africa NNP 7960 3248 20 , , , 7960 3248 21 and and CC 7960 3248 22 western western JJ 7960 3248 23 Europe Europe NNP 7960 3248 24 , , , 7960 3248 25 he -PRON- PRP 7960 3248 26 was be VBD 7960 3248 27 smitten smite VBN 7960 3248 28 by by IN 7960 3248 29 the the DT 7960 3248 30 deadly deadly JJ 7960 3248 31 Babylonian babylonian JJ 7960 3248 32 fever fever NN 7960 3248 33 . . . 7960 3249 1 In in IN 7960 3249 2 323 323 CD 7960 3249 3 B.C. B.C. NNP 7960 3249 4 , , , 7960 3249 5 after after IN 7960 3249 6 several several JJ 7960 3249 7 days day NNS 7960 3249 8 of of IN 7960 3249 9 illness illness NN 7960 3249 10 , , , 7960 3249 11 the the DT 7960 3249 12 conqueror conqueror NN 7960 3249 13 of of IN 7960 3249 14 the the DT 7960 3249 15 world world NN 7960 3249 16 passed pass VBD 7960 3249 17 away away RB 7960 3249 18 , , , 7960 3249 19 being be VBG 7960 3249 20 not not RB 7960 3249 21 quite quite RB 7960 3249 22 thirty- thirty- JJ 7960 3249 23 three three CD 7960 3249 24 years year NNS 7960 3249 25 of of IN 7960 3249 26 age age NN 7960 3249 27 . . . 7960 3250 1 43 43 CD 7960 3250 2 . . . 7960 3251 1 THE the DT 7960 3251 2 WORK WORK NNP 7960 3251 3 OF of IN 7960 3251 4 ALEXANDER ALEXANDER NNP 7960 3251 5 ALEXANDER ALEXANDER NNP 7960 3251 6 AS as IN 7960 3251 7 WARRIOR WARRIOR NNP 7960 3251 8 AND and CC 7960 3251 9 STATESMAN STATESMAN NNP 7960 3251 10 Alexander Alexander NNP 7960 3251 11 the the DT 7960 3251 12 Great Great NNP 7960 3251 13 was be VBD 7960 3251 14 one one CD 7960 3251 15 of of IN 7960 3251 16 the the DT 7960 3251 17 foremost foremost JJ 7960 3251 18 , , , 7960 3251 19 perhaps perhaps RB 7960 3251 20 the the DT 7960 3251 21 first first JJ 7960 3251 22 , , , 7960 3251 23 of of IN 7960 3251 24 the the DT 7960 3251 25 great great JJ 7960 3251 26 captains captain NNS 7960 3251 27 of of IN 7960 3251 28 antiquity antiquity NN 7960 3251 29 . . . 7960 3252 1 But but CC 7960 3252 2 he -PRON- PRP 7960 3252 3 was be VBD 7960 3252 4 more more JJR 7960 3252 5 than than IN 7960 3252 6 a a DT 7960 3252 7 world world NN 7960 3252 8 - - HYPH 7960 3252 9 conqueror conqueror NN 7960 3252 10 ; ; : 7960 3252 11 he -PRON- PRP 7960 3252 12 was be VBD 7960 3252 13 a a DT 7960 3252 14 statesman statesman NN 7960 3252 15 of of IN 7960 3252 16 the the DT 7960 3252 17 highest high JJS 7960 3252 18 order order NN 7960 3252 19 . . . 7960 3253 1 Had have VBD 7960 3253 2 he -PRON- PRP 7960 3253 3 been be VBN 7960 3253 4 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VB 7960 3254 23 for for IN 7960 3254 24 centuries century NNS 7960 3254 25 . . . 7960 3255 1 And and CC 7960 3255 2 yet yet RB 7960 3255 3 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 3255 4 work work NN 7960 3255 5 had have VBD 7960 3255 6 only only RB 7960 3255 7 begun begin VBN 7960 3255 8 . . . 7960 3256 1 There there EX 7960 3256 2 were be VBD 7960 3256 3 still still RB 7960 3256 4 lands land NNS 7960 3256 5 to to TO 7960 3256 6 conquer conquer VB 7960 3256 7 , , , 7960 3256 8 cities city NNS 7960 3256 9 to to TO 7960 3256 10 build build VB 7960 3256 11 , , , 7960 3256 12 untrodden untrodden JJ 7960 3256 13 regions region NNS 7960 3256 14 to to TO 7960 3256 15 explore explore VB 7960 3256 16 . . . 7960 3257 1 Above above IN 7960 3257 2 all all DT 7960 3257 3 , , , 7960 3257 4 it -PRON- PRP 7960 3257 5 was be VBD 7960 3257 6 still still RB 7960 3257 7 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 3257 8 task task NN 7960 3257 9 to to TO 7960 3257 10 shape shape VB 7960 3257 11 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 3257 12 possessions possession NNS 7960 3257 13 into into IN 7960 3257 14 a a DT 7960 3257 15 well well RB 7960 3257 16 - - HYPH 7960 3257 17 knit knit VBN 7960 3257 18 , , , 7960 3257 19 unified unified JJ 7960 3257 20 empire empire NN 7960 3257 21 , , , 7960 3257 22 which which WDT 7960 3257 23 would would MD 7960 3257 24 not not RB 7960 3257 25 fall fall VB 7960 3257 26 to to IN 7960 3257 27 pieces piece NNS 7960 3257 28 in in IN 7960 3257 29 the the DT 7960 3257 30 hands hand NNS 7960 3257 31 of of IN 7960 3257 32 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 3257 33 successors successor NNS 7960 3257 34 . . . 7960 3258 1 His -PRON- PRP$ 7960 3258 2 early early JJ 7960 3258 3 death death NN 7960 3258 4 was be VBD 7960 3258 5 a a DT 7960 3258 6 calamity calamity NN 7960 3258 7 , , , 7960 3258 8 for for IN 7960 3258 9 it -PRON- PRP 7960 3258 10 prevented prevent VBD 7960 3258 11 the the DT 7960 3258 12 complete complete JJ 7960 3258 13 realization realization NN 7960 3258 14 of of IN 7960 3258 15 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 3258 16 splendid splendid JJ 7960 3258 17 ambitions ambition NNS 7960 3258 18 . . . 7960 3259 1 HELLENIZING hellenizing NN 7960 3259 2 OF of IN 7960 3259 3 THE the DT 7960 3259 4 ORIENT orient NN 7960 3259 5 The the DT 7960 3259 6 immediate immediate JJ 7960 3259 7 result result NN 7960 3259 8 of of IN 7960 3259 9 Alexander Alexander NNP 7960 3259 10 's 's POS 7960 3259 11 conquests conquest NNS 7960 3259 12 was be VBD 7960 3259 13 the the DT 7960 3259 14 disappearance disappearance NN 7960 3259 15 of of IN 7960 3259 16 the the DT 7960 3259 17 barriers barrier NNS 7960 3259 18 which which WDT 7960 3259 19 had have VBD 7960 3259 20 so so RB 7960 3259 21 long long RB 7960 3259 22 shut shut VBN 7960 3259 23 in in IN 7960 3259 24 the the DT 7960 3259 25 Orient Orient NNP 7960 3259 26 . . . 7960 3260 1 The the DT 7960 3260 2 East East NNP 7960 3260 3 , , , 7960 3260 4 until until IN 7960 3260 5 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 3260 6 day day NN 7960 3260 7 , , , 7960 3260 8 was be VBD 7960 3260 9 an an DT 7960 3260 10 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3264 15 had have VBD 7960 3264 16 called call VBN 7960 3264 17 " " `` 7960 3264 18 barbarians barbarian NNS 7960 3264 19 . . . 7960 3264 20 " " '' 7960 3265 1 FUSION fusion NN 7960 3265 2 OF of IN 7960 3265 3 EAST EAST NNP 7960 3265 4 AND and CC 7960 3265 5 WEST WEST NNP 7960 3265 6 The the DT 7960 3265 7 ultimate ultimate JJ 7960 3265 8 result result NN 7960 3265 9 of of IN 7960 3265 10 Alexander Alexander NNP 7960 3265 11 's 's POS 7960 3265 12 conquests conquest NNS 7960 3265 13 was be VBD 7960 3265 14 the the DT 7960 3265 15 fusion fusion NN 7960 3265 16 of of IN 7960 3265 17 East East NNP 7960 3265 18 and and CC 7960 3265 19 West West NNP 7960 3265 20 . . . 7960 3266 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 3266 2 realized realize VBD 7960 3266 3 that that IN 7960 3266 4 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 3266 5 new new JJ 7960 3266 6 empire empire NN 7960 3266 7 must must MD 7960 3266 8 contain contain VB 7960 3266 9 a a DT 7960 3266 10 place place NN 7960 3266 11 for for IN 7960 3266 12 Oriental oriental JJ 7960 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gradually gradually RB 7960 3267 27 pass pass VB 7960 3267 28 away away RB 7960 3267 29 . . . 7960 3268 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 3268 2 welcomed welcome VBD 7960 3268 3 Persian persian JJ 7960 3268 4 nobles noble NNS 7960 3268 5 to to IN 7960 3268 6 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 3268 7 court court NN 7960 3268 8 and and CC 7960 3268 9 placed place VBD 7960 3268 10 them -PRON- PRP 7960 3268 11 in in IN 7960 3268 12 positions position NNS 7960 3268 13 of of IN 7960 3268 14 trust trust NN 7960 3268 15 . . . 7960 3269 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 3269 2 organized organize VBD 7960 3269 3 the the DT 7960 3269 4 government government NN 7960 3269 5 of of IN 7960 3269 6 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 3269 7 provinces province NNS 7960 3269 8 on on IN 7960 3269 9 a a DT 7960 3269 10 system system NN 7960 3269 11 resembling resemble VBG 7960 3269 12 that that DT 7960 3269 13 of of IN 7960 3269 14 Darius Darius NNP 7960 3269 15 the the DT 7960 3269 16 Great great JJ 7960 3269 17 . . . 7960 3270 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 3270 2 11 11 CD 7960 3270 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 3270 4 He -PRON- PRP 7960 3270 5 trained train VBD 7960 3270 6 thousands thousand NNS 7960 3270 7 of of IN 7960 3270 8 Persian persian JJ 7960 3270 9 soldiers soldier NNS 7960 3270 10 to to TO 7960 3270 11 replace replace VB 7960 3270 12 the the DT 7960 3270 13 worn wear VBN 7960 3270 14 - - HYPH 7960 3270 15 out out RP 7960 3270 16 veterans veteran NNS 7960 3270 17 in in IN 7960 3270 18 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 3270 19 armies army NNS 7960 3270 20 . . . 7960 3271 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 3271 2 encouraged encourage VBD 7960 3271 3 by by IN 7960 3271 4 liberal liberal JJ 7960 3271 5 dowries dowry NNS 7960 3271 6 mixed mix VBD 7960 3271 7 marriages marriage NNS 7960 3271 8 between between IN 7960 3271 9 Macedonians Macedonians NNPS 7960 3271 10 and and CC 7960 3271 11 Orientals Orientals NNPS 7960 3271 12 , , , 7960 3271 13 and and CC 7960 3271 14 himself -PRON- PRP 7960 3271 15 wedded wed VBD 7960 3271 16 the the DT 7960 3271 17 daughter daughter NN 7960 3271 18 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A.D. NNP 7960 3276 10 in in IN 7960 3276 11 an an DT 7960 3276 12 ancient ancient JJ 7960 3276 13 cemetery cemetery NN 7960 3276 14 at at IN 7960 3276 15 Sidon Sidon NNP 7960 3276 16 . . . 7960 3277 1 The the DT 7960 3277 2 sculptures sculpture NNS 7960 3277 3 on on IN 7960 3277 4 the the DT 7960 3277 5 longer long JJR 7960 3277 6 sides side NNS 7960 3277 7 represent represent VBP 7960 3277 8 two two CD 7960 3277 9 scenes scene NNS 7960 3277 10 from from IN 7960 3277 11 the the DT 7960 3277 12 life life NN 7960 3277 13 of of IN 7960 3277 14 Alexander Alexander NNP 7960 3277 15 -- -- : 7960 3277 16 the the DT 7960 3277 17 one one NN 7960 3277 18 a a DT 7960 3277 19 battle battle NN 7960 3277 20 , , , 7960 3277 21 the the DT 7960 3277 22 other other JJ 7960 3277 23 a a DT 7960 3277 24 lion lion NN 7960 3277 25 hunt hunt NN 7960 3277 26 . . . 7960 3278 1 The the DT 7960 3278 2 figures figure NNS 7960 3278 3 , , , 7960 3278 4 in in IN 7960 3278 5 almost almost RB 7960 3278 6 full full JJ 7960 3278 7 relief relief NN 7960 3278 8 , , , 7960 3278 9 are be VBP 7960 3278 10 delicately delicately RB 7960 3278 11 painted paint VBN 7960 3278 12 . . . 7960 3278 13 ] ] -RRB- 7960 3279 1 44 44 CD 7960 3279 2 . . . 7960 3280 1 HELLENISTIC HELLENISTIC NNP 7960 3280 2 KINGDOMS KINGDOMS NNPS 7960 3280 3 AND and CC 7960 3280 4 CITIES city NNS 7960 3280 5 THE the DT 7960 3280 6 THREE three CD 7960 3280 7 GREAT great JJ 7960 3280 8 KINGDOMS kingdom NNS 7960 3280 9 The the DT 7960 3280 10 half half JJ 7960 3280 11 century century NN 7960 3280 12 following follow VBG 7960 3280 13 Alexander Alexander NNP 7960 3280 14 's 's POS 7960 3280 15 death death NN 7960 3280 16 is be VBZ 7960 3280 17 a a DT 7960 3280 18 confused confused JJ 7960 3280 19 and and CC 7960 3280 20 troubled troubled JJ 7960 3280 21 period period NN 7960 3280 22 in in IN 7960 3280 23 ancient ancient JJ 7960 3280 24 history history NN 7960 3280 25 . . . 7960 3281 1 The the DT 7960 3281 2 king king NN 7960 3281 3 had have VBD 7960 3281 4 left leave VBN 7960 3281 5 no no DT 7960 3281 6 legitimate legitimate JJ 7960 3281 7 son son NN 7960 3281 8 -- -- : 7960 3281 9 no no DT 7960 3281 10 one one NN 7960 3281 11 with with IN 7960 3281 12 an an DT 7960 3281 13 undisputed undisputed JJ 7960 3281 14 title title NN 7960 3281 15 to to IN 7960 3281 16 the the DT 7960 3281 17 succession succession NN 7960 3281 18 . . . 7960 3282 1 On on IN 7960 3282 2 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 3282 3 deathbed deathbed JJ 7960 3282 4 Alexander Alexander NNP 7960 3282 5 had have VBD 7960 3282 6 himself -PRON- PRP 7960 3282 7 declared declare VBN 7960 3282 8 that that IN 7960 3282 9 the the DT 7960 3282 10 realm realm NN 7960 3282 11 should should MD 7960 3282 12 go go VB 7960 3282 13 " " `` 7960 3282 14 to to IN 7960 3282 15 the the DT 7960 3282 16 strongest strong JJS 7960 3282 17 . . . 7960 3282 18 " " '' 7960 3283 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 3283 2 12 12 CD 7960 3283 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 3283 4 It -PRON- PRP 7960 3283 5 was be VBD 7960 3283 6 certain certain JJ 7960 3283 7 , , , 7960 3283 8 under under IN 7960 3283 9 these these DT 7960 3283 10 circumstances circumstance NNS 7960 3283 11 , , , 7960 3283 12 that that IN 7960 3283 13 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 3283 14 possessions possession NNS 7960 3283 15 would would MD 7960 3283 16 become become VB 7960 3283 17 the the DT 7960 3283 18 prey prey NN 7960 3283 19 of of IN 7960 3283 20 the the DT 7960 3283 21 leading leading JJ 7960 3283 22 Macedonian macedonian JJ 7960 3283 23 generals general NNS 7960 3283 24 . . . 7960 3284 1 The the DT 7960 3284 2 unwieldy unwieldy JJ 7960 3284 3 empire empire NN 7960 3284 4 at at IN 7960 3284 5 length length NN 7960 3284 6 broke break VBD 7960 3284 7 in in IN 7960 3284 8 pieces piece NNS 7960 3284 9 . . . 7960 3285 1 Out out IN 7960 3285 2 of of IN 7960 3285 3 the the DT 7960 3285 4 fragments fragment NNS 7960 3285 5 arose arise VBD 7960 3285 6 three three CD 7960 3285 7 great great JJ 7960 3285 8 states state NNS 7960 3285 9 , , , 7960 3285 10 namely namely RB 7960 3285 11 , , , 7960 3285 12 Macedonia Macedonia NNP 7960 3285 13 , , , 7960 3285 14 Egypt Egypt NNP 7960 3285 15 , , , 7960 3285 16 and and CC 7960 3285 17 Syria Syria NNP 7960 3285 18 . . . 7960 3286 1 The the DT 7960 3286 2 kingdom kingdom NN 7960 3286 3 of of IN 7960 3286 4 Egypt Egypt NNP 7960 3286 5 was be VBD 7960 3286 6 ruled rule VBN 7960 3286 7 by by IN 7960 3286 8 Ptolemy Ptolemy NNP 7960 3286 9 , , , 7960 3286 10 one one CD 7960 3286 11 of of IN 7960 3286 12 Alexander Alexander NNP 7960 3286 13 's 's POS 7960 3286 14 generals general NNS 7960 3286 15 . . . 7960 3287 1 Seleucus Seleucus NNP 7960 3287 2 , , , 7960 3287 3 another another DT 7960 3287 4 of of IN 7960 3287 5 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 3287 6 generals general NNS 7960 3287 7 , , , 7960 3287 8 established establish VBD 7960 3287 9 the the DT 7960 3287 10 kingdom kingdom NN 7960 3287 11 of of IN 7960 3287 12 Syria Syria NNP 7960 3287 13 . . . 7960 3288 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 3288 2 comprised comprise VBD 7960 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3291 4 , , , 7960 3291 5 king king NN 7960 3291 6 of of IN 7960 3291 7 Egypt Egypt NNP 7960 3291 8 , , , 7960 3291 9 and and CC 7960 3291 10 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 3291 11 wife wife NN 7960 3291 12 Arsinoë Arsinoë NNP 7960 3291 13 . . . 7960 3291 14 ] ] -RRB- 7960 3292 1 MINOR minor JJ 7960 3292 2 INDEPENDENT INDEPENDENT NNP 7960 3292 3 STATES state NNS 7960 3292 4 Several several JJ 7960 3292 5 small small JJ 7960 3292 6 states state NNS 7960 3292 7 also also RB 7960 3292 8 arose arise VBD 7960 3292 9 from from IN 7960 3292 10 the the DT 7960 3292 11 break break NN 7960 3292 12 - - HYPH 7960 3292 13 up up NN 7960 3292 14 of of IN 7960 3292 15 Alexander Alexander NNP 7960 3292 16 's 's POS 7960 3292 17 empire empire NN 7960 3292 18 . . . 7960 3293 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 3293 2 13 13 CD 7960 3293 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 3293 4 Each each DT 7960 3293 5 had have VBD 7960 3293 6 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 3293 7 royal royal JJ 7960 3293 8 dynasty dynasty NN 7960 3293 9 , , , 7960 3293 10 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 3293 11 capital capital NN 7960 3293 12 city city NN 7960 3293 13 , , , 7960 3293 14 and and CC 7960 3293 15 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 3293 16 own own JJ 7960 3293 17 national national JJ 7960 3293 18 life life NN 7960 3293 19 . . . 7960 3294 1 Thus thus RB 7960 3294 2 the the DT 7960 3294 3 conquests conquest NNS 7960 3294 4 of of IN 7960 3294 5 Alexander Alexander NNP 7960 3294 6 , , , 7960 3294 7 instead instead RB 7960 3294 8 of of IN 7960 3294 9 establishing establish VBG 7960 3294 10 a a DT 7960 3294 11 world- world- NN 7960 3294 12 power power NN 7960 3294 13 under under IN 7960 3294 14 one one CD 7960 3294 15 ruler ruler NN 7960 3294 16 , , , 7960 3294 17 led lead VBD 7960 3294 18 to to IN 7960 3294 19 the the DT 7960 3294 20 destruction destruction NN 7960 3294 21 of of IN 7960 3294 22 the the DT 7960 3294 23 unity unity NN 7960 3294 24 of of IN 7960 3294 25 government government NN 7960 3294 26 which which WDT 7960 3294 27 Persia Persia NNP 7960 3294 28 had have VBD 7960 3294 29 given give VBN 7960 3294 30 to to IN 7960 3294 31 the the DT 7960 3294 32 East East NNP 7960 3294 33 . . . 7960 3295 1 CITY CITY NNP 7960 3295 2 LIFE life NN 7960 3295 3 IN in IN 7960 3295 4 THE the DT 7960 3295 5 ORIENT orient NN 7960 3295 6 More more RBR 7960 3295 7 significant significant JJ 7960 3295 8 for for IN 7960 3295 9 the the DT 7960 3295 10 history history NN 7960 3295 11 of of IN 7960 3295 12 civilization civilization NN 7960 3295 13 than than IN 7960 3295 14 these these DT 7960 3295 15 kingdoms kingdom NNS 7960 3295 16 were be VBD 7960 3295 17 the the DT 7960 3295 18 Hellenistic hellenistic JJ 7960 3295 19 [ [ -LRB- 7960 3295 20 14 14 CD 7960 3295 21 ] ] -RRB- 7960 3295 22 cities city NNS 7960 3295 23 , , , 7960 3295 24 which which WDT 7960 3295 25 from from IN 7960 3295 26 the the DT 7960 3295 27 time time NN 7960 3295 28 of of IN 7960 3295 29 Alexander Alexander NNP 7960 3295 30 arose arise VBD 7960 3295 31 in in IN 7960 3295 32 every every DT 7960 3295 33 part part NN 7960 3295 34 of of IN 7960 3295 35 the the DT 7960 3295 36 eastern eastern JJ 7960 3295 37 world world NN 7960 3295 38 . . . 7960 3296 1 Some some DT 7960 3296 2 were be VBD 7960 3296 3 only only RB 7960 3296 4 garrison garrison NN 7960 3296 5 towns town NNS 7960 3296 6 in in IN 7960 3296 7 the the DT 7960 3296 8 heart heart NN 7960 3296 9 of of IN 7960 3296 10 remote remote JJ 7960 3296 11 provinces province NNS 7960 3296 12 or or CC 7960 3296 13 outposts outpost NNS 7960 3296 14 along along IN 7960 3296 15 the the DT 7960 3296 16 frontiers frontier NNS 7960 3296 17 . . . 7960 3297 1 Many many JJ 7960 3297 2 more more RBR 7960 3297 3 , , , 7960 3297 4 however however RB 7960 3297 5 , , , 7960 3297 6 formed form VBD 7960 3297 7 busy busy JJ 7960 3297 8 centers center NNS 7960 3297 9 of of IN 7960 3297 10 trade trade NN 7960 3297 11 and and CC 7960 3297 12 industry industry NN 7960 3297 13 , , , 7960 3297 14 and and CC 7960 3297 15 became become VBD 7960 3297 16 seats seat NNS 7960 3297 17 of of IN 7960 3297 18 Greek greek JJ 7960 3297 19 influence influence NN 7960 3297 20 in in IN 7960 3297 21 the the DT 7960 3297 22 Orient Orient NNP 7960 3297 23 . . . 7960 3298 1 Such such JJ 7960 3298 2 cities city NNS 7960 3298 3 were be VBD 7960 3298 4 quite quite RB 7960 3298 5 unlike unlike IN 7960 3298 6 the the DT 7960 3298 7 old old JJ 7960 3298 8 Greek greek JJ 7960 3298 9 city city NN 7960 3298 10 - - HYPH 7960 3298 11 states state NNS 7960 3298 12 . . . 7960 3299 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 3299 2 15 15 CD 7960 3299 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 3299 4 They -PRON- PRP 7960 3299 5 were be VBD 7960 3299 6 not not RB 7960 3299 7 free free JJ 7960 3299 8 and and CC 7960 3299 9 independent independent JJ 7960 3299 10 , , , 7960 3299 11 but but CC 7960 3299 12 made make VBD 7960 3299 13 a a DT 7960 3299 14 part part NN 7960 3299 15 of of IN 7960 3299 16 the the DT 7960 3299 17 kingdom kingdom NN 7960 3299 18 in in IN 7960 3299 19 which which WDT 7960 3299 20 they -PRON- PRP 7960 3299 21 were be VBD 7960 3299 22 situated situate VBN 7960 3299 23 . . . 7960 3300 1 The the DT 7960 3300 2 inhabitants inhabitant NNS 7960 3300 3 consisted consist VBD 7960 3300 4 of of IN 7960 3300 5 Greeks Greeks NNPS 7960 3300 6 and and CC 7960 3300 7 Macedonians Macedonians NNPS 7960 3300 8 , , , 7960 3300 9 comprising comprise VBG 7960 3300 10 the the DT 7960 3300 11 governing govern VBG 7960 3300 12 class class NN 7960 3300 13 , , , 7960 3300 14 together together RB 7960 3300 15 with with IN 7960 3300 16 native native JJ 7960 3300 17 artisans artisan NNS 7960 3300 18 and and CC 7960 3300 19 merchants merchant NNS 7960 3300 20 who who WP 7960 3300 21 had have VBD 7960 3300 22 abandoned abandon VBN 7960 3300 23 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 3300 24 village village NN 7960 3300 25 homes home NNS 7960 3300 26 for for IN 7960 3300 27 life life NN 7960 3300 28 in in IN 7960 3300 29 a a DT 7960 3300 30 metropolis metropolis NN 7960 3300 31 . . . 7960 3301 1 In in IN 7960 3301 2 appearance appearance NN 7960 3301 3 , , , 7960 3301 4 also also RB 7960 3301 5 , , , 7960 3301 6 these these DT 7960 3301 7 cities city NNS 7960 3301 8 contrasted contrast VBD 7960 3301 9 with with IN 7960 3301 10 those those DT 7960 3301 11 of of IN 7960 3301 12 old old JJ 7960 3301 13 Greece Greece NNP 7960 3301 14 . . . 7960 3302 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 3302 2 had have VBD 7960 3302 3 broad broad JJ 7960 3302 4 streets street NNS 7960 3302 5 , , , 7960 3302 6 well well RB 7960 3302 7 paved paved JJ 7960 3302 8 and and CC 7960 3302 9 sometimes sometimes RB 7960 3302 10 lighted light VBN 7960 3302 11 at at IN 7960 3302 12 night night NN 7960 3302 13 , , , 7960 3302 14 enjoyed enjoy VBD 7960 3302 15 a a DT 7960 3302 16 good good JJ 7960 3302 17 water water NN 7960 3302 18 supply supply NN 7960 3302 19 , , , 7960 3302 20 and and CC 7960 3302 21 possessed possess VBD 7960 3302 22 baths bath NNS 7960 3302 23 , , , 7960 3302 24 theaters theater NNS 7960 3302 25 , , , 7960 3302 26 and and CC 7960 3302 27 parks park NNS 7960 3302 28 . . . 7960 3303 1 ALEXANDRIA ALEXANDRIA NNP 7960 3303 2 In in IN 7960 3303 3 the the DT 7960 3303 4 third third JJ 7960 3303 5 century century NN 7960 3303 6 B.C. B.C. NNP 7960 3304 1 the the DT 7960 3304 2 foremost foremost JJ 7960 3304 3 Hellenistic hellenistic JJ 7960 3304 4 city city NN 7960 3304 5 was be VBD 7960 3304 6 Alexandria Alexandria NNP 7960 3304 7 . . . 7960 3305 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 3305 2 lay lie VBD 7960 3305 3 on on IN 7960 3305 4 a a DT 7960 3305 5 strip strip NN 7960 3305 6 of of IN 7960 3305 7 flat flat JJ 7960 3305 8 , , , 7960 3305 9 sandy sandy JJ 7960 3305 10 land land NN 7960 3305 11 separating separate VBG 7960 3305 12 Lake Lake NNP 7960 3305 13 Mareotis Mareotis NNP 7960 3305 14 from from IN 7960 3305 15 the the DT 7960 3305 16 Mediterranean Mediterranean NNP 7960 3305 17 . . . 7960 3306 1 On on IN 7960 3306 2 the the DT 7960 3306 3 one one CD 7960 3306 4 side side NN 7960 3306 5 was be VBD 7960 3306 6 the the DT 7960 3306 7 lake lake NN 7960 3306 8 - - HYPH 7960 3306 9 harbor harbor NNP 7960 3306 10 , , , 7960 3306 11 connected connect VBN 7960 3306 12 with with IN 7960 3306 13 the the DT 7960 3306 14 Nile Nile NNP 7960 3306 15 ; ; : 7960 3306 16 on on IN 7960 3306 17 the the DT 7960 3306 18 other other JJ 7960 3306 19 side side NN 7960 3306 20 were be VBD 7960 3306 21 two two CD 7960 3306 22 sea sea NN 7960 3306 23 - - HYPH 7960 3306 24 harbors harbor NNS 7960 3306 25 , , , 7960 3306 26 sheltered shelter VBN 7960 3306 27 from from IN 7960 3306 28 the the DT 7960 3306 29 open open JJ 7960 3306 30 sea sea NN 7960 3306 31 by by IN 7960 3306 32 the the DT 7960 3306 33 long long JJ 7960 3306 34 and and CC 7960 3306 35 narrow narrow JJ 7960 3306 36 island island NN 7960 3306 37 of of IN 7960 3306 38 Pharos Pharos NNP 7960 3306 39 . . . 7960 3307 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 3307 2 16 16 CD 7960 3307 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 3307 4 The the DT 7960 3307 5 city city NN 7960 3307 6 possessed possess VBD 7960 3307 7 a a DT 7960 3307 8 magnificent magnificent JJ 7960 3307 9 site site NN 7960 3307 10 for for IN 7960 3307 11 commerce commerce NN 7960 3307 12 . . . 7960 3308 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 3308 2 occupied occupy VBD 7960 3308 3 the the DT 7960 3308 4 most most RBS 7960 3308 5 central central JJ 7960 3308 6 position position NN 7960 3308 7 that that WDT 7960 3308 8 could could MD 7960 3308 9 be be VB 7960 3308 10 found find VBN 7960 3308 11 in in IN 7960 3308 12 the the DT 7960 3308 13 ancient ancient JJ 7960 3308 14 world world NN 7960 3308 15 with with IN 7960 3308 16 respect respect NN 7960 3308 17 to to IN 7960 3308 18 the the DT 7960 3308 19 three three CD 7960 3308 20 continents continent NNS 7960 3308 21 , , , 7960 3308 22 Africa Africa NNP 7960 3308 23 , , , 7960 3308 24 Asia Asia NNP 7960 3308 25 , , , 7960 3308 26 and and CC 7960 3308 27 Europe Europe NNP 7960 3308 28 . . . 7960 3309 1 The the DT 7960 3309 2 prosperity prosperity NN 7960 3309 3 which which WDT 7960 3309 4 this this DT 7960 3309 5 port port NN 7960 3309 6 has have VBZ 7960 3309 7 enjoyed enjoy VBN 7960 3309 8 for for IN 7960 3309 9 more more JJR 7960 3309 10 than than IN 7960 3309 11 two two CD 7960 3309 12 thousand thousand CD 7960 3309 13 years year NNS 7960 3309 14 is be VBZ 7960 3309 15 ample ample JJ 7960 3309 16 evidence evidence NN 7960 3309 17 of of IN 7960 3309 18 the the DT 7960 3309 19 wisdom wisdom NN 7960 3309 20 which which WDT 7960 3309 21 led lead VBD 7960 3309 22 to to IN 7960 3309 23 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 3309 24 foundation foundation NN 7960 3309 25 . . . 7960 3310 1 ANTIOCH ANTIOCH NNP 7960 3310 2 The the DT 7960 3310 3 chief chief JJ 7960 3310 4 city city NN 7960 3310 5 in in IN 7960 3310 6 the the DT 7960 3310 7 kingdom kingdom NN 7960 3310 8 of of IN 7960 3310 9 Syria Syria NNP 7960 3310 10 was be VBD 7960 3310 11 splendid splendid JJ 7960 3310 12 and and CC 7960 3310 13 luxurious luxurious JJ 7960 3310 14 Antioch Antioch NNP 7960 3310 15 . . . 7960 3311 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 3311 2 lay lie VBD 7960 3311 3 in in IN 7960 3311 4 the the DT 7960 3311 5 narrow narrow JJ 7960 3311 6 valley valley NN 7960 3311 7 of of IN 7960 3311 8 the the DT 7960 3311 9 Orontes Orontes NNP 7960 3311 10 River River NNP 7960 3311 11 , , , 7960 3311 12 so so RB 7960 3311 13 close close JJ 7960 3311 14 to to IN 7960 3311 15 both both PDT 7960 3311 16 the the DT 7960 3311 17 Euphrates Euphrates NNP 7960 3311 18 and and CC 7960 3311 19 the the DT 7960 3311 20 Mediterranean Mediterranean NNP 7960 3311 21 that that IN 7960 3311 22 it -PRON- PRP 7960 3311 23 soon soon RB 7960 3311 24 became become VBD 7960 3311 25 an an DT 7960 3311 26 important important JJ 7960 3311 27 commercial commercial JJ 7960 3311 28 center center NN 7960 3311 29 . . . 7960 3312 1 The the DT 7960 3312 2 city city NN 7960 3312 3 must must MD 7960 3312 4 have have VB 7960 3312 5 been be VBN 7960 3312 6 a a DT 7960 3312 7 most most RBS 7960 3312 8 delightful delightful JJ 7960 3312 9 residence residence NN 7960 3312 10 , , , 7960 3312 11 with with IN 7960 3312 12 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 3312 13 fine fine JJ 7960 3312 14 climate climate NN 7960 3312 15 , , , 7960 3312 16 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 3312 17 location location NN 7960 3312 18 on on IN 7960 3312 19 a a DT 7960 3312 20 clear clear JJ 7960 3312 21 and and CC 7960 3312 22 rapid rapid JJ 7960 3312 23 stream stream NN 7960 3312 24 , , , 7960 3312 25 and and CC 7960 3312 26 the the DT 7960 3312 27 near near JJ 7960 3312 28 presence presence NN 7960 3312 29 of of IN 7960 3312 30 the the DT 7960 3312 31 Syrian syrian JJ 7960 3312 32 hills hill NNS 7960 3312 33 . . . 7960 3313 1 In in IN 7960 3313 2 the the DT 7960 3313 3 sixth sixth JJ 7960 3313 4 century century NN 7960 3313 5 A.D. 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NNP 7960 3313 6 repeated repeat VBD 7960 3313 7 earthquakes earthquake NNS 7960 3313 8 laid lay VBD 7960 3313 9 Antioch Antioch NNP 7960 3313 10 in in IN 7960 3313 11 ruins ruin NNS 7960 3313 12 . . . 7960 3314 1 The the DT 7960 3314 2 city city NN 7960 3314 3 never never RB 7960 3314 4 recovered recover VBD 7960 3314 5 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 3314 6 prosperity prosperity NN 7960 3314 7 , , , 7960 3314 8 though though IN 7960 3314 9 a a DT 7960 3314 10 modern modern JJ 7960 3314 11 town town NN 7960 3314 12 , , , 7960 3314 13 Antakia Antakia NNP 7960 3314 14 , , , 7960 3314 15 still still RB 7960 3314 16 marks mark VBZ 7960 3314 17 the the DT 7960 3314 18 site site NN 7960 3314 19 of of IN 7960 3314 20 the the DT 7960 3314 21 once once RB 7960 3314 22 famous famous JJ 7960 3314 23 capital capital NN 7960 3314 24 . . . 7960 3315 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 3315 2 Illustration illustration NN 7960 3315 3 : : : 7960 3315 4 Map Map NNP 7960 3315 5 , , , 7960 3315 6 THE the DT 7960 3315 7 KINGDOMS KINGDOMS NNP 7960 3315 8 OF of IN 7960 3315 9 ALEXANDER ALEXANDER NNP 7960 3315 10 'S 'S NNP 7960 3315 11 SUCCESSORS SUCCESSORS NNP 7960 3315 12 ( ( -LRB- 7960 3315 13 About about RB 7960 3315 14 200 200 CD 7960 3315 15 B.C. 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3325 7 existed exist VBD 7960 3325 8 in in IN 7960 3325 9 the the DT 7960 3325 10 island island NN 7960 3325 11 city city NN 7960 3325 12 of of IN 7960 3325 13 Rhodes Rhodes NNP 7960 3325 14 . . . 7960 3326 1 Founded found VBN 7960 3326 2 during during IN 7960 3326 3 the the DT 7960 3326 4 closing closing NN 7960 3326 5 years year NNS 7960 3326 6 of of IN 7960 3326 7 the the DT 7960 3326 8 Peloponnesian Peloponnesian NNP 7960 3326 9 War War NNP 7960 3326 10 , , , 7960 3326 11 Rhodes Rhodes NNP 7960 3326 12 soon soon RB 7960 3326 13 distanced distance VBD 7960 3326 14 Athens Athens NNP 7960 3326 15 in in IN 7960 3326 16 the the DT 7960 3326 17 race race NN 7960 3326 18 for for IN 7960 3326 19 commercial commercial JJ 7960 3326 20 supremacy supremacy NN 7960 3326 21 . . . 7960 3327 1 The the DT 7960 3327 2 merchants merchant NNS 7960 3327 3 of of IN 7960 3327 4 Rhodes rhode NNS 7960 3327 5 framed frame VBD 7960 3327 6 admirable admirable JJ 7960 3327 7 laws law NNS 7960 3327 8 , , , 7960 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LITERATURE LITERATURE NNP 7960 3333 6 These these DT 7960 3333 7 splendid splendid JJ 7960 3333 8 cities city NNS 7960 3333 9 in in IN 7960 3333 10 the the DT 7960 3333 11 Orient Orient NNP 7960 3333 12 were be VBD 7960 3333 13 the the DT 7960 3333 14 centers center NNS 7960 3333 15 of of IN 7960 3333 16 much much JJ 7960 3333 17 literary literary JJ 7960 3333 18 activity activity NN 7960 3333 19 . . . 7960 3334 1 Their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 3334 2 inhabitants inhabitant NNS 7960 3334 3 , , , 7960 3334 4 whether whether IN 7960 3334 5 Hellenic Hellenic NNP 7960 3334 6 or or CC 7960 3334 7 " " `` 7960 3334 8 barbarian barbarian NNP 7960 3334 9 , , , 7960 3334 10 " " '' 7960 3334 11 used use VBN 7960 3334 12 Greek Greek NNP 7960 3334 13 as as IN 7960 3334 14 a a DT 7960 3334 15 common common JJ 7960 3334 16 language language NN 7960 3334 17 . . . 7960 3335 1 During during IN 7960 3335 2 this this DT 7960 3335 3 period period NN 7960 3335 4 Greek greek JJ 7960 3335 5 literature literature NN 7960 3335 6 took take VBD 7960 3335 7 on on RP 7960 3335 8 a a DT 7960 3335 9 cosmopolitan cosmopolitan JJ 7960 3335 10 character character NN 7960 3335 11 . . . 7960 3336 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 3336 2 no no RB 7960 3336 3 longer long RBR 7960 3336 4 centered center VBD 7960 3336 5 in in IN 7960 3336 6 Athens Athens NNP 7960 3336 7 . . . 7960 3337 1 Writers writer NNS 7960 3337 2 found find VBD 7960 3337 3 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 3337 4 audiences audience NNS 7960 3337 5 in in IN 7960 3337 6 all all DT 7960 3337 7 lands land NNS 7960 3337 8 where where WRB 7960 3337 9 Greeks Greeks NNPS 7960 3337 10 had have VBD 7960 3337 11 settled settle VBN 7960 3337 12 . . . 7960 3338 1 At at IN 7960 3338 2 the the DT 7960 3338 3 same same JJ 7960 3338 4 time time NN 7960 3338 5 literature literature NN 7960 3338 6 became become VBD 7960 3338 7 more more RBR 7960 3338 8 and and CC 7960 3338 9 more more RBR 7960 3338 10 an an DT 7960 3338 11 affair affair NN 7960 3338 12 of of IN 7960 3338 13 the the DT 7960 3338 14 study study NN 7960 3338 15 . . . 7960 3339 1 The the DT 7960 3339 2 authors author NNS 7960 3339 3 were be VBD 7960 3339 4 usually usually RB 7960 3339 5 professional professional JJ 7960 3339 6 bookmen bookman NNS 7960 3339 7 writing write VBG 7960 3339 8 for for IN 7960 3339 9 a a DT 7960 3339 10 bookish bookish JJ 7960 3339 11 public public NN 7960 3339 12 . . . 7960 3340 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 3340 2 produced produce VBD 7960 3340 3 many many JJ 7960 3340 4 works work NNS 7960 3340 5 of of IN 7960 3340 6 literary literary JJ 7960 3340 7 criticism criticism NN 7960 3340 8 , , , 7960 3340 9 prepared prepared JJ 7960 3340 10 excellent excellent JJ 7960 3340 11 grammars grammar NNS 7960 3340 12 and and CC 7960 3340 13 dictionaries dictionary NNS 7960 3340 14 , , , 7960 3340 15 but but CC 7960 3340 16 wrote write VBD 7960 3340 17 very very RB 7960 3340 18 little little JJ 7960 3340 19 poetry poetry NN 7960 3340 20 or or CC 7960 3340 21 prose prose NN 7960 3340 22 of of 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civilized civilized JJ 7960 3345 34 world world NN 7960 3345 35 . . . 7960 3346 1 THE the DT 7960 3346 2 ALEXANDRIAN alexandrian NN 7960 3346 3 LIBRARY library NN 7960 3346 4 In in IN 7960 3346 5 addition addition NN 7960 3346 6 to to IN 7960 3346 7 the the DT 7960 3346 8 Museum Museum NNP 7960 3346 9 there there EX 7960 3346 10 was be VBD 7960 3346 11 a a DT 7960 3346 12 splendid splendid JJ 7960 3346 13 library library NN 7960 3346 14 , , , 7960 3346 15 which which WDT 7960 3346 16 at at IN 7960 3346 17 one one CD 7960 3346 18 time time NN 7960 3346 19 contained contain VBN 7960 3346 20 over over IN 7960 3346 21 five five CD 7960 3346 22 hundred hundred CD 7960 3346 23 thousand thousand CD 7960 3346 24 manuscripts manuscript NNS 7960 3346 25 -- -- : 7960 3346 26 almost almost RB 7960 3346 27 everything everything NN 7960 3346 28 that that WDT 7960 3346 29 had have VBD 7960 3346 30 been be VBN 7960 3346 31 written write VBN 7960 3346 32 in in IN 7960 3346 33 antiquity antiquity NN 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B.C. NNP 7960 3378 1 All all PDT 7960 3378 2 this this DT 7960 3378 3 new new JJ 7960 3378 4 knowledge knowledge NN 7960 3378 5 of of IN 7960 3378 6 East East NNP 7960 3378 7 and and CC 7960 3378 8 West West NNP 7960 3378 9 was be VBD 7960 3378 10 soon soon RB 7960 3378 11 gathered gather VBN 7960 3378 12 together together RB 7960 3378 13 by by IN 7960 3378 14 Eratosthenes Eratosthenes NNP 7960 3378 15 , , , 7960 3378 16 the the DT 7960 3378 17 learned learn VBN 7960 3378 18 librarian librarian NN 7960 3378 19 of of IN 7960 3378 20 Alexandria Alexandria NNP 7960 3378 21 . . . 7960 3379 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 3379 2 was be VBD 7960 3379 3 the the DT 7960 3379 4 founder founder NN 7960 3379 5 of of IN 7960 3379 6 scientific scientific JJ 7960 3379 7 geography geography NN 7960 3379 8 . . . 7960 3380 1 Before before IN 7960 3380 2 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 3380 3 time time NN 7960 3380 4 some some DT 7960 3380 5 students student NNS 7960 3380 6 had have VBD 7960 3380 7 already already RB 7960 3380 8 concluded conclude VBN 7960 3380 9 that that IN 7960 3380 10 the the DT 7960 3380 11 earth earth NN 7960 3380 12 is be VBZ 7960 3380 13 spherical spherical JJ 7960 3380 14 and and CC 7960 3380 15 not not RB 7960 3380 16 flat flat JJ 7960 3380 17 , , , 7960 3380 18 as as IN 7960 3380 19 had have VBD 7960 3380 20 been be VBN 7960 3380 21 taught teach VBN 7960 3380 22 in in IN 7960 3380 23 the the DT 7960 3380 24 Homeric Homeric NNP 7960 3380 25 poems poem NNS 7960 3380 26 . . . 7960 3381 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 3381 2 19 19 CD 7960 3381 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 3381 4 Guesses guess NNS 7960 3381 5 had have VBD 7960 3381 6 even even RB 7960 3381 7 been be VBN 7960 3381 8 made make VBN 7960 3381 9 of of IN 7960 3381 10 the the DT 7960 3381 11 size size NN 7960 3381 12 of of IN 7960 3381 13 the the DT 7960 3381 14 earth earth NN 7960 3381 15 . . . 7960 3382 1 Eratosthenes eratosthene NNS 7960 3382 2 by by IN 7960 3382 3 careful careful JJ 7960 3382 4 measurements measurement NNS 7960 3382 5 came come VBD 7960 3382 6 within within IN 7960 3382 7 a a DT 7960 3382 8 few few JJ 7960 3382 9 thousand thousand CD 7960 3382 10 miles mile NNS 7960 3382 11 of of IN 7960 3382 12 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 3382 13 actual actual JJ 7960 3382 14 circumference circumference NN 7960 3382 15 . . . 7960 3383 1 Having have VBG 7960 3383 2 estimated estimate VBN 7960 3383 3 the the DT 7960 3383 4 size size NN 7960 3383 5 of of IN 7960 3383 6 the the DT 7960 3383 7 earth earth NN 7960 3383 8 , , , 7960 3383 9 Eratosthenes Eratosthenes NNP 7960 3383 10 went go VBD 7960 3383 11 on on RP 7960 3383 12 to to TO 7960 3383 13 determine determine VB 7960 3383 14 how how WRB 7960 3383 15 large large JJ 7960 3383 16 was be VBD 7960 3383 17 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 3383 18 habitable habitable JJ 7960 3383 19 area area NN 7960 3383 20 . . . 7960 3384 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 3384 2 reached reach VBD 7960 3384 3 the the DT 7960 3384 4 conclusion conclusion NN 7960 3384 5 that that IN 7960 3384 6 the the DT 7960 3384 7 distance distance NN 7960 3384 8 from from IN 7960 3384 9 the the DT 7960 3384 10 strait strait NN 7960 3384 11 of of IN 7960 3384 12 Gibraltar Gibraltar NNP 7960 3384 13 to to IN 7960 3384 14 the the DT 7960 3384 15 east east NN 7960 3384 16 of of IN 7960 3384 17 India India NNP 7960 3384 18 was be VBD 7960 3384 19 about about RB 7960 3384 20 one one CD 7960 3384 21 - - HYPH 7960 3384 22 third third NN 7960 3384 23 of of IN 7960 3384 24 the the DT 7960 3384 25 earth earth NN 7960 3384 26 's 's POS 7960 3384 27 circumference circumference NN 7960 3384 28 . . . 7960 3385 1 The the DT 7960 3385 2 remaining remain VBG 7960 3385 3 two two CD 7960 3385 4 - - HYPH 7960 3385 5 thirds third NNS 7960 3385 6 , , , 7960 3385 7 he -PRON- PRP 7960 3385 8 thought think VBD 7960 3385 9 , , , 7960 3385 10 was be VBD 7960 3385 11 covered cover VBN 7960 3385 12 by by IN 7960 3385 13 the the DT 7960 3385 14 sea sea NN 7960 3385 15 . . . 7960 3386 1 And and CC 7960 3386 2 with with IN 7960 3386 3 what what WP 7960 3386 4 seems seem VBZ 7960 3386 5 a a DT 7960 3386 6 prophecy prophecy NN 7960 3386 7 he -PRON- PRP 7960 3386 8 remarked remark VBD 7960 3386 9 that that IN 7960 3386 10 , , , 7960 3386 11 if if IN 7960 3386 12 it -PRON- PRP 7960 3386 13 was be VBD 7960 3386 14 not not RB 7960 3386 15 for for IN 7960 3386 16 the the DT 7960 3386 17 vast vast JJ 7960 3386 18 extent extent NN 7960 3386 19 of of IN 7960 3386 20 the the DT 7960 3386 21 Atlantic Atlantic NNP 7960 3386 22 Ocean Ocean NNP 7960 3386 23 , , , 7960 3386 24 one one PRP 7960 3386 25 might may MD 7960 3386 26 almost almost RB 7960 3386 27 sail sail VB 7960 3386 28 from from IN 7960 3386 29 Spain Spain NNP 7960 3386 30 to to IN 7960 3386 31 India India NNP 7960 3386 32 along along IN 7960 3386 33 the the DT 7960 3386 34 same same JJ 7960 3386 35 parallel parallel NN 7960 3386 36 of of IN 7960 3386 37 latitude latitude NN 7960 3386 38 . . . 7960 3387 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 3387 2 Illustration illustration NN 7960 3387 3 : : : 7960 3387 4 PROGRESS progress NN 7960 3387 5 OF of IN 7960 3387 6 GEOGRAPHICAL geographical NN 7960 3387 7 KNOWLEDGE knowledge NN 7960 3387 8 IN in IN 7960 3387 9 ANTIQUITY ANTIQUITY NNP 7960 3387 10 Map Map NNP 7960 3387 11 , , , 7960 3387 12 The the DT 7960 3387 13 World World NNP 7960 3387 14 according accord VBG 7960 3387 15 to to IN 7960 3387 16 Eratosthenes Eratosthenes NNP 7960 3387 17 , , , 7960 3387 18 200 200 CD 7960 3387 19 B.C. B.C. NNP 7960 3388 1 Map Map NNP 7960 3388 2 , , , 7960 3388 3 The the DT 7960 3388 4 World World NNP 7960 3388 5 according accord VBG 7960 3388 6 to to IN 7960 3388 7 Ptolemy Ptolemy NNP 7960 3388 8 , , , 7960 3388 9 150 150 CD 7960 3388 10 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 3388 11 ] ] -RRB- 7960 3388 12 PTOLEMY ptolemy NN 7960 3388 13 The the DT 7960 3388 14 next next JJ 7960 3388 15 two two CD 7960 3388 16 centuries century NNS 7960 3388 17 after after IN 7960 3388 18 Eratosthenes eratosthene NNS 7960 3388 19 saw see VBD 7960 3388 20 the the DT 7960 3388 21 spread spread NN 7960 3388 22 of of IN 7960 3388 23 Roman roman JJ 7960 3388 24 rule rule NN 7960 3388 25 over over IN 7960 3388 26 Greeks Greeks NNPS 7960 3388 27 and and CC 7960 3388 28 Carthaginians Carthaginians NNPS 7960 3388 29 in in IN 7960 3388 30 the the DT 7960 3388 31 Mediterranean Mediterranean NNP 7960 3388 32 and and CC 7960 3388 33 over over IN 7960 3388 34 the the DT 7960 3388 35 barbarous barbarous JJ 7960 3388 36 inhabitants inhabitant NNS 7960 3388 37 of of IN 7960 3388 38 Gaul Gaul NNP 7960 3388 39 , , , 7960 3388 40 Britain Britain NNP 7960 3388 41 , , , 7960 3388 42 and and CC 7960 3388 43 Germany Germany NNP 7960 3388 44 . . . 7960 3389 1 The the DT 7960 3389 2 new new JJ 7960 3389 3 knowledge knowledge NN 7960 3389 4 thus thus RB 7960 3389 5 gained gain VBN 7960 3389 6 was be VBD 7960 3389 7 summed sum VBN 7960 3389 8 up up RP 7960 3389 9 in in IN 7960 3389 10 the the DT 7960 3389 11 Greek Greek NNP 7960 3389 12 _ _ NNP 7960 3389 13 Geography Geography NNP 7960 3389 14 _ _ NNP 7960 3389 15 by by IN 7960 3389 16 Ptolemy Ptolemy NNP 7960 3389 17 [ [ -LRB- 7960 3389 18 20 20 CD 7960 3389 19 ] ] -RRB- 7960 3389 20 of of IN 7960 3389 21 Alexandria Alexandria NNP 7960 3389 22 . . . 7960 3390 1 His -PRON- PRP$ 7960 3390 2 famous famous JJ 7960 3390 3 map map NN 7960 3390 4 shows show VBZ 7960 3390 5 how how WRB 7960 3390 6 near near IN 7960 3390 7 he -PRON- PRP 7960 3390 8 came come VBD 7960 3390 9 to to IN 7960 3390 10 the the DT 7960 3390 11 real real JJ 7960 3390 12 outlines outline NNS 7960 3390 13 both both DT 7960 3390 14 of of IN 7960 3390 15 Europe Europe NNP 7960 3390 16 and and CC 7960 3390 17 Asia Asia NNP 7960 3390 18 . . . 7960 3391 1 THE the DT 7960 3391 2 PTOLEMAIC PTOLEMAIC NNP 7960 3391 3 SYSTEM SYSTEM NNP 7960 3391 4 Ptolemy Ptolemy NNP 7960 3391 5 was be VBD 7960 3391 6 likewise likewise RB 7960 3391 7 an an DT 7960 3391 8 eminent eminent JJ 7960 3391 9 astronomer astronomer NN 7960 3391 10 . . . 7960 3392 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 3392 2 believed believe VBD 7960 3392 3 that that IN 7960 3392 4 the the DT 7960 3392 5 earth earth NN 7960 3392 6 was be VBD 7960 3392 7 the the DT 7960 3392 8 center center NN 7960 3392 9 of of IN 7960 3392 10 the the DT 7960 3392 11 universe universe NN 7960 3392 12 and and CC 7960 3392 13 that that IN 7960 3392 14 the the DT 7960 3392 15 sun sun NN 7960 3392 16 , , , 7960 3392 17 planets planet NNS 7960 3392 18 , , , 7960 3392 19 and and CC 7960 3392 20 fixed fix VBN 7960 3392 21 stars star NNS 7960 3392 22 all all DT 7960 3392 23 revolved revolve VBD 7960 3392 24 around around IN 7960 3392 25 it -PRON- PRP 7960 3392 26 . . . 7960 3393 1 This this DT 7960 3393 2 Ptolemaic Ptolemaic NNP 7960 3393 3 system system NN 7960 3393 4 was be VBD 7960 3393 5 not not RB 7960 3393 6 overthrown overthrow VBN 7960 3393 7 until until IN 7960 3393 8 the the DT 7960 3393 9 grand grand JJ 7960 3393 10 discovery discovery NN 7960 3393 11 of of IN 7960 3393 12 Copernicus Copernicus NNP 7960 3393 13 in in IN 7960 3393 14 the the DT 7960 3393 15 sixteenth sixteenth JJ 7960 3393 16 century century NN 7960 3393 17 of of IN 7960 3393 18 our -PRON- PRP$ 7960 3393 19 era era NN 7960 3393 20 . . . 7960 3394 1 46 46 CD 7960 3394 2 . . . 7960 3395 1 THE the DT 7960 3395 2 GRAECO GRAECO NNP 7960 3395 3 - - HYPH 7960 3395 4 ORIENTAL ORIENTAL NNP 7960 3395 5 WORLD WORLD NNP 7960 3395 6 THE the DT 7960 3395 7 NEW NEW NNP 7960 3395 8 LUXURY LUXURY NNP 7960 3395 9 The the DT 7960 3395 10 Hellenistic Hellenistic NNP 7960 3395 11 Age Age NNP 7960 3395 12 was be VBD 7960 3395 13 characterized characterize VBN 7960 3395 14 by by IN 7960 3395 15 a a DT 7960 3395 16 general general JJ 7960 3395 17 increase increase NN 7960 3395 18 in in IN 7960 3395 19 wealth wealth NN 7960 3395 20 . . . 7960 3396 1 The the DT 7960 3396 2 old old JJ 7960 3396 3 Greeks Greeks NNPS 7960 3396 4 and and CC 7960 3396 5 Macedonians Macedonians NNPS 7960 3396 6 , , , 7960 3396 7 as as IN 7960 3396 8 a a DT 7960 3396 9 rule rule NN 7960 3396 10 , , , 7960 3396 11 had have VBD 7960 3396 12 been be VBN 7960 3396 13 content content JJ 7960 3396 14 to to TO 7960 3396 15 live live VB 7960 3396 16 plainly plainly RB 7960 3396 17 . . . 7960 3397 1 Now now RB 7960 3397 2 kings king NNS 7960 3397 3 , , , 7960 3397 4 nobles noble NNS 7960 3397 5 , , , 7960 3397 6 and and CC 7960 3397 7 rich rich JJ 7960 3397 8 men man NNS 7960 3397 9 began begin VBD 7960 3397 10 to to TO 7960 3397 11 build build VB 7960 3397 12 splendid splendid JJ 7960 3397 13 palaces palace NNS 7960 3397 14 and and CC 7960 3397 15 to to TO 7960 3397 16 fill fill VB 7960 3397 17 them -PRON- PRP 7960 3397 18 with with IN 7960 3397 19 the the DT 7960 3397 20 products product NNS 7960 3397 21 of of IN 7960 3397 22 ancient ancient JJ 7960 3397 23 art art NN 7960 3397 24 -- -- : 7960 3397 25 marbles marble NNS 7960 3397 26 from from IN 7960 3397 27 Asia Asia NNP 7960 3397 28 Minor Minor NNP 7960 3397 29 , , , 7960 3397 30 vases vase VBZ 7960 3397 31 from from IN 7960 3397 32 Athens Athens NNP 7960 3397 33 , , , 7960 3397 34 Italian italian JJ 7960 3397 35 bronzes bronze NNS 7960 3397 36 , , , 7960 3397 37 and and CC 7960 3397 38 Babylonian babylonian JJ 7960 3397 39 tapestries tapestry NNS 7960 3397 40 . . . 7960 3398 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 3398 2 kept keep VBD 7960 3398 3 up up RP 7960 3398 4 great great JJ 7960 3398 5 households household NNS 7960 3398 6 with with IN 7960 3398 7 endless endless JJ 7960 3398 8 lords lord NNS 7960 3398 9 in in IN 7960 3398 10 waiting waiting NN 7960 3398 11 , , , 7960 3398 12 ladies lady NNS 7960 3398 13 of of IN 7960 3398 14 honor honor NN 7960 3398 15 , , , 7960 3398 16 pages page NNS 7960 3398 17 , , , 7960 3398 18 guards guard NNS 7960 3398 19 , , , 7960 3398 20 and and CC 7960 3398 21 servants servant NNS 7960 3398 22 . . . 7960 3399 1 Soft soft JJ 7960 3399 2 couches couch NNS 7960 3399 3 and and CC 7960 3399 4 clothes clothe NNS 7960 3399 5 of of IN 7960 3399 6 delicate delicate JJ 7960 3399 7 fabric fabric NN 7960 3399 8 replaced replace VBD 7960 3399 9 the the DT 7960 3399 10 simple simple JJ 7960 3399 11 coverlets coverlet NNS 7960 3399 12 and and CC 7960 3399 13 coarse coarse JJ 7960 3399 14 cloaks cloak NNS 7960 3399 15 of of IN 7960 3399 16 an an DT 7960 3399 17 earlier early JJR 7960 3399 18 time time NN 7960 3399 19 . . . 7960 3400 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 3400 2 possessed possess VBD 7960 3400 3 rich rich JJ 7960 3400 4 carpets carpet NNS 7960 3400 5 and and CC 7960 3400 6 hangings hanging NNS 7960 3400 7 , , , 7960 3400 8 splendid splendid JJ 7960 3400 9 armor armor NN 7960 3400 10 and and CC 7960 3400 11 jewelry jewelry NN 7960 3400 12 , , , 7960 3400 13 and and CC 7960 3400 14 gold gold NN 7960 3400 15 and and CC 7960 3400 16 silver silver NN 7960 3400 17 vessels vessel NNS 7960 3400 18 for for IN 7960 3400 19 the the DT 7960 3400 20 table table NN 7960 3400 21 . . . 7960 3401 1 The the DT 7960 3401 2 Greeks Greeks NNPS 7960 3401 3 thus thus RB 7960 3401 4 began begin VBD 7960 3401 5 to to TO 7960 3401 6 imitate imitate VB 7960 3401 7 the the DT 7960 3401 8 luxurious luxurious JJ 7960 3401 9 lives life NNS 7960 3401 10 of of IN 7960 3401 11 Persian persian JJ 7960 3401 12 nobles noble NNS 7960 3401 13 . . . 7960 3402 1 THE the DT 7960 3402 2 SEA SEA NNP 7960 3402 3 ROUTE ROUTE NNS 7960 3402 4 TO to TO 7960 3402 5 INDIA india VB 7960 3402 6 These these DT 7960 3402 7 new new JJ 7960 3402 8 luxuries luxury NNS 7960 3402 9 flowed flow VBD 7960 3402 10 in in IN 7960 3402 11 from from IN 7960 3402 12 all all DT 7960 3402 13 parts part NNS 7960 3402 14 of of IN 7960 3402 15 the the DT 7960 3402 16 ancient ancient JJ 7960 3402 17 world world NN 7960 3402 18 . . . 7960 3403 1 Many many JJ 7960 3403 2 came come VBD 7960 3403 3 from from IN 7960 3403 4 the the DT 7960 3403 5 Far Far NNP 7960 3403 6 East East NNP 7960 3403 7 in in IN 7960 3403 8 consequence consequence NN 7960 3403 9 of of IN 7960 3403 10 the the DT 7960 3403 11 rediscovery rediscovery NN 7960 3403 12 of of IN 7960 3403 13 the the DT 7960 3403 14 sea sea NN 7960 3403 15 route route NN 7960 3403 16 to to IN 7960 3403 17 India India NNP 7960 3403 18 , , , 7960 3403 19 by by IN 7960 3403 20 Alexander Alexander NNP 7960 3403 21 's 's POS 7960 3403 22 admiral admiral NN 7960 3403 23 , , , 7960 3403 24 Nearchus Nearchus NNP 7960 3403 25 . . . 7960 3404 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 3404 2 21 21 LS 7960 3404 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 3404 4 The the DT 7960 3404 5 voyage voyage NN 7960 3404 6 of of IN 7960 3404 7 Nearchus Nearchus NNP 7960 3404 8 was be VBD 7960 3404 9 one one CD 7960 3404 10 of of IN 7960 3404 11 the the DT 7960 3404 12 most most RBS 7960 3404 13 important important JJ 7960 3404 14 results result NNS 7960 3404 15 of of IN 7960 3404 16 Alexander Alexander NNP 7960 3404 17 's 's POS 7960 3404 18 eastern eastern JJ 7960 3404 19 conquests conquest NNS 7960 3404 20 . . . 7960 3405 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 3405 2 established establish VBD 7960 3405 3 the the DT 7960 3405 4 fact fact NN 7960 3405 5 , , , 7960 3405 6 which which WDT 7960 3405 7 had have VBD 7960 3405 8 long long RB 7960 3405 9 been be VBN 7960 3405 10 forgotten forget VBN 7960 3405 11 , , , 7960 3405 12 that that IN 7960 3405 13 one one PRP 7960 3405 14 could could MD 7960 3405 15 reach reach VB 7960 3405 16 India India NNP 7960 3405 17 by by IN 7960 3405 18 a a DT 7960 3405 19 water water NN 7960 3405 20 route route NN 7960 3405 21 much much RB 7960 3405 22 shorter short JJR 7960 3405 23 and and CC 7960 3405 24 safer safe JJR 7960 3405 25 than than IN 7960 3405 26 the the DT 7960 3405 27 caravan caravan NNP 7960 3405 28 roads road NNS 7960 3405 29 through through IN 7960 3405 30 central central JJ 7960 3405 31 Asia Asia NNP 7960 3405 32 . . . 7960 3406 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 3406 2 22 22 CD 7960 3406 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 3406 4 Somewhat somewhat RB 7960 3406 5 later later RB 7960 3406 6 a a DT 7960 3406 7 Greek greek JJ 7960 3406 8 sailor sailor NN 7960 3406 9 , , , 7960 3406 10 named name VBN 7960 3406 11 Harpalus Harpalus NNP 7960 3406 12 , , , 7960 3406 13 found find VBD 7960 3406 14 that that IN 7960 3406 15 by by IN 7960 3406 16 using use VBG 7960 3406 17 the the DT 7960 3406 18 monsoons monsoon NNS 7960 3406 19 , , , 7960 3406 20 the the DT 7960 3406 21 periodic periodic JJ 7960 3406 22 winds wind NNS 7960 3406 23 which which WDT 7960 3406 24 blow blow VBP 7960 3406 25 over over IN 7960 3406 26 the the DT 7960 3406 27 Indian Indian NNP 7960 3406 28 Ocean Ocean NNP 7960 3406 29 , , , 7960 3406 30 he -PRON- PRP 7960 3406 31 could could MD 7960 3406 32 sail sail VB 7960 3406 33 direct direct RB 7960 3406 34 from from IN 7960 3406 35 Arabia Arabia NNP 7960 3406 36 to to IN 7960 3406 37 India India NNP 7960 3406 38 without without IN 7960 3406 39 laboriously laboriously RB 7960 3406 40 following follow VBG 7960 3406 41 the the DT 7960 3406 42 coast coast NN 7960 3406 43 . . . 7960 3407 1 The the DT 7960 3407 2 Greeks Greeks NNPS 7960 3407 3 , , , 7960 3407 4 in in IN 7960 3407 5 consequence consequence NNP 7960 3407 6 , , , 7960 3407 7 gave give VBD 7960 3407 8 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 3407 9 name name NN 7960 3407 10 to to IN 7960 3407 11 the the DT 7960 3407 12 monsoons monsoon NNS 7960 3407 13 . . . 7960 3408 1 ORIENTAL ORIENTAL NNP 7960 3408 2 INFLUENCE INFLUENCE NNP 7960 3408 3 ON on IN 7960 3408 4 THE the DT 7960 3408 5 GREEKS greeks NN 7960 3408 6 All all PDT 7960 3408 7 this this DT 7960 3408 8 sudden sudden JJ 7960 3408 9 increase increase NN 7960 3408 10 of of IN 7960 3408 11 wealth wealth NN 7960 3408 12 , , , 7960 3408 13 all all PDT 7960 3408 14 the the DT 7960 3408 15 thousand thousand CD 7960 3408 16 new new JJ 7960 3408 17 enjoyments enjoyment NNS 7960 3408 18 with with IN 7960 3408 19 which which WDT 7960 3408 20 life life NN 7960 3408 21 was be VBD 7960 3408 22 now now RB 7960 3408 23 adorned adorn VBN 7960 3408 24 and and CC 7960 3408 25 enriched enrich VBN 7960 3408 26 , , , 7960 3408 27 did do VBD 7960 3408 28 not not RB 7960 3408 29 work work VB 7960 3408 30 wholly wholly RB 7960 3408 31 for for IN 7960 3408 32 good good NN 7960 3408 33 . . . 7960 3409 1 With with IN 7960 3409 2 luxury luxury NN 7960 3409 3 there there EX 7960 3409 4 went go VBD 7960 3409 5 , , , 7960 3409 6 as as IN 7960 3409 7 always always RB 7960 3409 8 , , , 7960 3409 9 laxity laxity NN 7960 3409 10 in in IN 7960 3409 11 morals moral NNS 7960 3409 12 . . . 7960 3410 1 Contact contact NN 7960 3410 2 with with IN 7960 3410 3 the the DT 7960 3410 4 vice vice NN 7960 3410 5 and and CC 7960 3410 6 effeminacy effeminacy NN 7960 3410 7 of of IN 7960 3410 8 the the DT 7960 3410 9 East East NNP 7960 3410 10 tended tend VBD 7960 3410 11 to to TO 7960 3410 12 lessen lessen VB 7960 3410 13 the the DT 7960 3410 14 manly manly JJ 7960 3410 15 vigor vigor NN 7960 3410 16 of of IN 7960 3410 17 the the DT 7960 3410 18 Greeks Greeks NNPS 7960 3410 19 , , , 7960 3410 20 both both DT 7960 3410 21 in in IN 7960 3410 22 Asia Asia NNP 7960 3410 23 and and CC 7960 3410 24 in in IN 7960 3410 25 Europe Europe NNP 7960 3410 26 . . . 7960 3411 1 Hellas Hellas NNP 7960 3411 2 became become VBD 7960 3411 3 corrupt corrupt JJ 7960 3411 4 , , , 7960 3411 5 and and CC 7960 3411 6 she -PRON- PRP 7960 3411 7 in in IN 7960 3411 8 turn turn NN 7960 3411 9 corrupted corrupt VBD 7960 3411 10 Rome Rome NNP 7960 3411 11 . . . 7960 3412 1 GREEK GREEK NNP 7960 3412 2 INFLUENCE INFLUENCE NNP 7960 3412 3 ON on IN 7960 3412 4 THE the DT 7960 3412 5 ORIENT ORIENT NNP 7960 3412 6 Yet yet CC 7960 3412 7 the the DT 7960 3412 8 most most RBS 7960 3412 9 interesting interesting JJ 7960 3412 10 , , , 7960 3412 11 as as RB 7960 3412 12 well well RB 7960 3412 13 as as IN 7960 3412 14 the the DT 7960 3412 15 most most RBS 7960 3412 16 important important JJ 7960 3412 17 , , , 7960 3412 18 feature feature NN 7960 3412 19 of of IN 7960 3412 20 the the DT 7960 3412 21 age age NN 7960 3412 22 is be VBZ 7960 3412 23 the the DT 7960 3412 24 diffusion diffusion NN 7960 3412 25 of of IN 7960 3412 26 Hellenic Hellenic NNP 7960 3412 27 culture culture NN 7960 3412 28 -- -- : 7960 3412 29 the the DT 7960 3412 30 " " `` 7960 3412 31 Hellenizing Hellenizing NNP 7960 3412 32 " " '' 7960 3412 33 of of IN 7960 3412 34 the the DT 7960 3412 35 Orient Orient NNP 7960 3412 36 . . . 7960 3413 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 3413 2 was be VBD 7960 3413 3 , , , 7960 3413 4 indeed indeed RB 7960 3413 5 , , , 7960 3413 6 a a DT 7960 3413 7 changed change VBN 7960 3413 8 world world NN 7960 3413 9 in in IN 7960 3413 10 which which WDT 7960 3413 11 men man NNS 7960 3413 12 were be VBD 7960 3413 13 now now RB 7960 3413 14 living live VBG 7960 3413 15 . . . 7960 3414 1 Greek greek JJ 7960 3414 2 cities city NNS 7960 3414 3 , , , 7960 3414 4 founded found VBN 7960 3414 5 by by IN 7960 3414 6 Alexander Alexander NNP 7960 3414 7 and and CC 7960 3414 8 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 3414 9 successors successor NNS 7960 3414 10 , , , 7960 3414 11 stretched stretch VBN 7960 3414 12 from from IN 7960 3414 13 the the DT 7960 3414 14 Nile Nile NNP 7960 3414 15 to to IN 7960 3414 16 the the DT 7960 3414 17 Indus Indus NNP 7960 3414 18 , , , 7960 3414 19 dotted dot VBD 7960 3414 20 the the DT 7960 3414 21 shores shore NNS 7960 3414 22 of of IN 7960 3414 23 the the DT 7960 3414 24 Black Black NNP 7960 3414 25 Sea Sea NNP 7960 3414 26 and and CC 7960 3414 27 Caspian Caspian NNP 7960 3414 28 , , , 7960 3414 29 and and CC 7960 3414 30 arose arise VBD 7960 3414 31 amid amid IN 7960 3414 32 the the DT 7960 3414 33 wilds wild NNS 7960 3414 34 of of IN 7960 3414 35 central central JJ 7960 3414 36 Asia Asia NNP 7960 3414 37 . . . 7960 3415 1 The the DT 7960 3415 2 Greek greek JJ 7960 3415 3 language language NN 7960 3415 4 , , , 7960 3415 5 once once RB 7960 3415 6 the the DT 7960 3415 7 tongue tongue NN 7960 3415 8 of of IN 7960 3415 9 a a DT 7960 3415 10 petty petty JJ 7960 3415 11 people people NNS 7960 3415 12 , , , 7960 3415 13 grew grow VBD 7960 3415 14 to to TO 7960 3415 15 be be VB 7960 3415 16 a a DT 7960 3415 17 universal universal JJ 7960 3415 18 language language NN 7960 3415 19 of of IN 7960 3415 20 culture culture NN 7960 3415 21 , , , 7960 3415 22 spoken speak VBN 7960 3415 23 even even RB 7960 3415 24 by by IN 7960 3415 25 " " `` 7960 3415 26 barbarian barbarian JJ 7960 3415 27 " " '' 7960 3415 28 lips lip NNS 7960 3415 29 . . . 7960 3416 1 And and CC 7960 3416 2 the the DT 7960 3416 3 art art NN 7960 3416 4 , , , 7960 3416 5 the the DT 7960 3416 6 science science NN 7960 3416 7 , , , 7960 3416 8 the the DT 7960 3416 9 literature literature NN 7960 3416 10 , , , 7960 3416 11 the the DT 7960 3416 12 principles principle NNS 7960 3416 13 of of IN 7960 3416 14 politics politic NNS 7960 3416 15 and and CC 7960 3416 16 philosophy philosophy NN 7960 3416 17 , , , 7960 3416 18 developed develop VBN 7960 3416 19 in in IN 7960 3416 20 isolation isolation NN 7960 3416 21 by by IN 7960 3416 22 the the DT 7960 3416 23 Greek greek JJ 7960 3416 24 mind mind NN 7960 3416 25 , , , 7960 3416 26 henceforth henceforth RB 7960 3416 27 became become VBD 7960 3416 28 the the DT 7960 3416 29 heritage heritage NN 7960 3416 30 of of IN 7960 3416 31 many many JJ 7960 3416 32 nations nation NNS 7960 3416 33 . . . 7960 3417 1 THE the DT 7960 3417 2 NEW NEW NNP 7960 3417 3 COSMOPOLITANISM COSMOPOLITANISM NNP 7960 3417 4 Thus thus RB 7960 3417 5 , , , 7960 3417 6 in in IN 7960 3417 7 the the DT 7960 3417 8 period period NN 7960 3417 9 after after IN 7960 3417 10 Alexander Alexander NNP 7960 3417 11 the the DT 7960 3417 12 long long JJ 7960 3417 13 struggle struggle NN 7960 3417 14 between between IN 7960 3417 15 East East NNP 7960 3417 16 and and CC 7960 3417 17 West West NNP 7960 3417 18 reached 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A.D. NNP 7960 3473 12 affect affect VBP 7960 3473 13 the the DT 7960 3473 14 commercial commercial JJ 7960 3473 15 importance importance NN 7960 3473 16 of of IN 7960 3473 17 Alexandria Alexandria NNP 7960 3473 18 ? ? . 7960 3474 1 17 17 CD 7960 3474 2 . . . 7960 3475 1 Name name VB 7960 3475 2 some some DT 7960 3475 3 of of IN 7960 3475 4 the the DT 7960 3475 5 great great JJ 7960 3475 6 scientists scientist NNS 7960 3475 7 of of IN 7960 3475 8 the the DT 7960 3475 9 Alexandrian alexandrian JJ 7960 3475 10 age age NN 7960 3475 11 . . . 7960 3476 1 18 18 CD 7960 3476 2 . . . 7960 3477 1 What what WP 7960 3477 2 were be VBD 7960 3477 3 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 3477 4 contributions contribution NNS 7960 3477 5 to to IN 7960 3477 6 knowledge knowledge NN 7960 3477 7 ? ? . 7960 3478 1 19 19 CD 7960 3478 2 . . . 7960 3479 1 Using use VBG 7960 3479 2 the the DT 7960 3479 3 maps map NNS 7960 3479 4 on on IN 7960 3479 5 pages page NNS 7960 3479 6 76 76 CD 7960 3479 7 and and CC 7960 3479 8 132 132 CD 7960 3479 9 , , , 7960 3479 10 trace trace VBP 7960 3479 11 the the DT 7960 3479 12 growth growth NN 7960 3479 13 of of IN 7960 3479 14 geographical geographical JJ 7960 3479 15 knowledge knowledge NN 7960 3479 16 from from IN 7960 3479 17 Homer Homer NNP 7960 3479 18 's 's POS 7960 3479 19 time time NN 7960 3479 20 to to IN 7960 3479 21 that that DT 7960 3479 22 of of IN 7960 3479 23 Ptolemy Ptolemy NNP 7960 3479 24 . . . 7960 3480 1 20 20 CD 7960 3480 2 . . . 7960 3481 1 What what WDT 7960 3481 2 parts part NNS 7960 3481 3 of of IN 7960 3481 4 the the DT 7960 3481 5 world world NN 7960 3481 6 are be VBP 7960 3481 7 most most RBS 7960 3481 8 correctly correctly RB 7960 3481 9 outlined outline VBN 7960 3481 10 on on IN 7960 3481 11 Ptolemy Ptolemy NNP 7960 3481 12 's 's POS 7960 3481 13 map map NN 7960 3481 14 ? ? . 7960 3482 1 21 21 CD 7960 3482 2 . . . 7960 3483 1 " " `` 7960 3483 2 The the DT 7960 3483 3 seed seed NN 7960 3483 4 - - HYPH 7960 3483 5 ground ground NN 7960 3483 6 of of IN 7960 3483 7 European european JJ 7960 3483 8 civilization civilization NN 7960 3483 9 is be VBZ 7960 3483 10 neither neither CC 7960 3483 11 Greece Greece NNP 7960 3483 12 nor nor CC 7960 3483 13 the the DT 7960 3483 14 Orient Orient NNP 7960 3483 15 , , , 7960 3483 16 but but CC 7960 3483 17 a a DT 7960 3483 18 world world NN 7960 3483 19 joined join VBN 7960 3483 20 of of IN 7960 3483 21 the the DT 7960 3483 22 two two CD 7960 3483 23 . . . 7960 3483 24 " " '' 7960 3484 1 Comment comment NN 7960 3484 2 on on IN 7960 3484 3 this this DT 7960 3484 4 statement statement NN 7960 3484 5 . . . 7960 3485 1 FOOTNOTES FOOTNOTES NNP 7960 3485 2 [ [ -LRB- 7960 3485 3 1 1 CD 7960 3485 4 ] ] -RRB- 7960 3485 5 Webster Webster NNP 7960 3485 6 , , , 7960 3485 7 _ _ NNP 7960 3485 8 Readings Readings NNP 7960 3485 9 in in IN 7960 3485 10 Ancient Ancient NNP 7960 3485 11 History History NNP 7960 3485 12 _ _ NNP 7960 3485 13 , , , 7960 3485 14 chapter chapter NN 7960 3485 15 xii xii NNP 7960 3485 16 , , , 7960 3485 17 " " `` 7960 3485 18 Demosthenes demosthene NNS 7960 3485 19 and and CC 7960 3485 20 the the DT 7960 3485 21 Struggle struggle NN 7960 3485 22 against against IN 7960 3485 23 Philip Philip NNP 7960 3485 24 " " '' 7960 3485 25 ; ; : 7960 3485 26 chapter chapter NN 7960 3485 27 xiii xiii NNP 7960 3485 28 , , , 7960 3485 29 " " `` 7960 3485 30 Exploits Exploits NNPS 7960 3485 31 of of IN 7960 3485 32 Alexander Alexander NNP 7960 3485 33 the the DT 7960 3485 34 Great great JJ 7960 3485 35 . . . 7960 3485 36 " " '' 7960 3486 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 3486 2 2 2 LS 7960 3486 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 3486 4 Philippi Philippi NNP 7960 3486 5 became become VBD 7960 3486 6 noted note VBN 7960 3486 7 afterwards afterwards RB 7960 3486 8 as as IN 7960 3486 9 the the DT 7960 3486 10 first first JJ 7960 3486 11 city city NN 7960 3486 12 in in IN 7960 3486 13 Europe Europe NNP 7960 3486 14 where where WRB 7960 3486 15 Christianity Christianity NNP 7960 3486 16 was be VBD 7960 3486 17 preached preach VBN 7960 3486 18 . . . 7960 3487 1 See see VB 7960 3487 2 _ _ NNP 7960 3487 3 Acts Acts NNPS 7960 3487 4 _ _ NNP 7960 3487 5 , , , 7960 3487 6 xvi xvi NNP 7960 3487 7 , , , 7960 3487 8 9 9 CD 7960 3487 9 . . . 7960 3488 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 3488 2 3 3 LS 7960 3488 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 3488 4 See see VB 7960 3488 5 the the DT 7960 3488 6 map map NN 7960 3488 7 between between IN 7960 3488 8 pages page NNS 7960 3488 9 68 68 CD 7960 3488 10 - - SYM 7960 3488 11 69 69 CD 7960 3488 12 . . . 7960 3489 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 3489 2 4 4 LS 7960 3489 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 3489 4 See see VB 7960 3489 5 page page NN 7960 3489 6 275 275 CD 7960 3489 7 . . . 7960 3490 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 3490 2 5 5 LS 7960 3490 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 3490 4 See see VB 7960 3490 5 page page NN 7960 3490 6 39 39 CD 7960 3490 7 . . . 7960 3491 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 3491 2 6 6 CD 7960 3491 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 3491 4 See see VB 7960 3491 5 page page NN 7960 3491 6 272 272 CD 7960 3491 7 . . . 7960 3492 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 3492 2 7 7 LS 7960 3492 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 3492 4 See see VB 7960 3492 5 page page NN 7960 3492 6 90 90 CD 7960 3492 7 . . . 7960 3493 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 3493 2 8 8 LS 7960 3493 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 3493 4 See see VB 7960 3493 5 page page NN 7960 3493 6 36 36 CD 7960 3493 7 . . . 7960 3494 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 3494 2 9 9 CD 7960 3494 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 3494 4 See see VB 7960 3494 5 John John NNP 7960 3494 6 Dryden Dryden NNP 7960 3494 7 's 's POS 7960 3494 8 splendid splendid NN 7960 3494 9 ode ode NN 7960 3494 10 , , , 7960 3494 11 _ _ NNP 7960 3494 12 Alexander Alexander NNP 7960 3494 13 's 's POS 7960 3494 14 Feast Feast NNP 7960 3494 15 _ _ NNP 7960 3494 16 . . . 7960 3495 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 3495 2 10 10 CD 7960 3495 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 3495 4 See see VB 7960 3495 5 pages page NNS 7960 3495 6 20 20 CD 7960 3495 7 and and CC 7960 3495 8 39 39 CD 7960 3495 9 . . . 7960 3496 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 3496 2 11 11 CD 7960 3496 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 3496 4 See see VB 7960 3496 5 pages page NNS 7960 3496 6 39 39 CD 7960 3496 7 - - SYM 7960 3496 8 40 40 CD 7960 3496 9 . . . 7960 3497 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 3497 2 12 12 CD 7960 3497 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 3497 4 Arrian Arrian NNP 7960 3497 5 , , , 7960 3497 6 _ _ NNP 7960 3497 7 Anabasis Anabasis NNP 7960 3497 8 of of IN 7960 3497 9 Alexander Alexander NNP 7960 3497 10 _ _ NNP 7960 3497 11 , , , 7960 3497 12 vii vii NN 7960 3497 13 , , , 7960 3497 14 26 26 CD 7960 3497 15 . . . 7960 3498 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 3498 2 13 13 CD 7960 3498 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 3498 4 See see VB 7960 3498 5 the the DT 7960 3498 6 map map NN 7960 3498 7 facing face VBG 7960 3498 8 page page NN 7960 3498 9 128 128 CD 7960 3498 10 . . . 7960 3499 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 3499 2 14 14 CD 7960 3499 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 3499 4 The the DT 7960 3499 5 term term NN 7960 3499 6 " " `` 7960 3499 7 Hellenic hellenic JJ 7960 3499 8 " " '' 7960 3499 9 refers refer VBZ 7960 3499 10 to to TO 7960 3499 11 purely purely RB 7960 3499 12 Greek greek JJ 7960 3499 13 culture culture NN 7960 3499 14 ; ; : 7960 3499 15 the the DT 7960 3499 16 term term NN 7960 3499 17 " " `` 7960 3499 18 Hellenistic hellenistic JJ 7960 3499 19 , , , 7960 3499 20 " " '' 7960 3499 21 to to IN 7960 3499 22 Greek greek JJ 7960 3499 23 culture culture NN 7960 3499 24 as as IN 7960 3499 25 modified modify VBN 7960 3499 26 by by IN 7960 3499 27 contact contact NN 7960 3499 28 with with IN 7960 3499 29 Oriental oriental JJ 7960 3499 30 life life NN 7960 3499 31 and and CC 7960 3499 32 customs custom NNS 7960 3499 33 . . . 7960 3500 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 3500 2 15 15 CD 7960 3500 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 3500 4 See see VB 7960 3500 5 page page NN 7960 3500 6 81 81 CD 7960 3500 7 . . . 7960 3501 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 3501 2 16 16 CD 7960 3501 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 3501 4 The the DT 7960 3501 5 lighthouse lighthouse NN 7960 3501 6 on on IN 7960 3501 7 the the DT 7960 3501 8 island island NN 7960 3501 9 of of IN 7960 3501 10 Pharos Pharos NNP 7960 3501 11 was be VBD 7960 3501 12 considered consider VBN 7960 3501 13 one one CD 7960 3501 14 of of IN 7960 3501 15 the the DT 7960 3501 16 " " `` 7960 3501 17 seven seven CD 7960 3501 18 wonders wonder NNS 7960 3501 19 " " '' 7960 3501 20 of of IN 7960 3501 21 the the DT 7960 3501 22 ancient ancient JJ 7960 3501 23 world world NN 7960 3501 24 . . . 7960 3502 1 The the DT 7960 3502 2 others other NNS 7960 3502 3 were be VBD 7960 3502 4 the the DT 7960 3502 5 hanging hang VBG 7960 3502 6 gardens garden NNS 7960 3502 7 and and CC 7960 3502 8 walls wall NNS 7960 3502 9 of of IN 7960 3502 10 Babylon Babylon NNP 7960 3502 11 , , , 7960 3502 12 the the DT 7960 3502 13 pyramids pyramid NNS 7960 3502 14 , , , 7960 3502 15 the the DT 7960 3502 16 Colossus Colossus NNP 7960 3502 17 of of IN 7960 3502 18 Rhodes Rhodes NNP 7960 3502 19 , , , 7960 3502 20 the the DT 7960 3502 21 temple temple NN 7960 3502 22 of of IN 7960 3502 23 Artemis Artemis NNP 7960 3502 24 at at IN 7960 3502 25 Ephesus Ephesus NNP 7960 3502 26 , , , 7960 3502 27 the the DT 7960 3502 28 mausoleum mausoleum NN 7960 3502 29 at at IN 7960 3502 30 Halicarnassus Halicarnassus NNP 7960 3502 31 , , , 7960 3502 32 and and CC 7960 3502 33 the the DT 7960 3502 34 statue statue NN 7960 3502 35 of of IN 7960 3502 36 Zeus Zeus NNP 7960 3502 37 at at IN 7960 3502 38 Olympia Olympia NNP 7960 3502 39 . . . 7960 3503 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 3503 2 17 17 CD 7960 3503 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 3503 4 See see VB 7960 3503 5 page page NN 7960 3503 6 120 120 CD 7960 3503 7 . . . 7960 3504 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 3504 2 18 18 CD 7960 3504 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 3504 4 See see VB 7960 3504 5 page page NN 7960 3504 6 89 89 CD 7960 3504 7 . . . 7960 3505 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 3505 2 19 19 CD 7960 3505 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 3505 4 See see VB 7960 3505 5 page page NN 7960 3505 6 74 74 CD 7960 3505 7 . . . 7960 3506 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 3506 2 20 20 CD 7960 3506 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 3506 4 Not not RB 7960 3506 5 to to TO 7960 3506 6 be be VB 7960 3506 7 confused confuse VBN 7960 3506 8 with with IN 7960 3506 9 King King NNP 7960 3506 10 Ptolemy Ptolemy NNP 7960 3506 11 ( ( -LRB- 7960 3506 12 page page NN 7960 3506 13 127 127 CD 7960 3506 14 ) ) -RRB- 7960 3506 15 . . . 7960 3507 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 3507 2 21 21 CD 7960 3507 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 3507 4 See see VB 7960 3507 5 page page NN 7960 3507 6 125 125 CD 7960 3507 7 . . . 7960 3508 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 3508 2 22 22 CD 7960 3508 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 3508 4 See see VB 7960 3508 5 page page NN 7960 3508 6 48 48 CD 7960 3508 7 . . . 7960 3509 1 CHAPTER chapter NN 7960 3509 2 VII vii NN 7960 3509 3 THE the DT 7960 3509 4 RISE RISE NNP 7960 3509 5 OF of IN 7960 3509 6 ROME rome NN 7960 3509 7 TO to IN 7960 3509 8 264 264 CD 7960 3509 9 B.C. 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3564 19 being be VBG 7960 3564 20 short short JJ 7960 3564 21 epitaphs epitaph NNS 7960 3564 22 on on IN 7960 3564 23 gravestones gravestone NNS 7960 3564 24 . . . 7960 3565 1 In in IN 7960 3565 2 1892 1892 CD 7960 3565 3 A.D. 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NNP 7960 3565 4 an an DT 7960 3565 5 Etruscan etruscan JJ 7960 3565 6 manuscript manuscript NN 7960 3565 7 which which WDT 7960 3565 8 had have VBD 7960 3565 9 been be VBN 7960 3565 10 used use VBN 7960 3565 11 to to TO 7960 3565 12 pack pack VB 7960 3565 13 an an DT 7960 3565 14 Egyptian egyptian JJ 7960 3565 15 mummy mummy NN 7960 3565 16 , , , 7960 3565 17 was be VBD 7960 3565 18 published publish VBN 7960 3565 19 , , , 7960 3565 20 but but CC 7960 3565 21 the the DT 7960 3565 22 language language NN 7960 3565 23 could could MD 7960 3565 24 not not RB 7960 3565 25 be be VB 7960 3565 26 deciphered decipher VBN 7960 3565 27 . . . 7960 3565 28 ] ] -RRB- 7960 3566 1 THE the DT 7960 3566 2 GREEKS GREEKS NNP 7960 3566 3 As as IN 7960 3566 4 teachers teacher NNS 7960 3566 5 of of IN 7960 3566 6 the the DT 7960 3566 7 Romans Romans NNPS 7960 3566 8 the the DT 7960 3566 9 Etruscans Etruscans NNPS 7960 3566 10 were be VBD 7960 3566 11 followed follow VBN 7960 3566 12 by by IN 7960 3566 13 the the DT 7960 3566 14 Greeks Greeks NNPS 7960 3566 15 . . . 7960 3567 1 About about IN 7960 3567 2 the the DT 7960 3567 3 middle middle NN 7960 3567 4 of of IN 7960 3567 5 the the DT 7960 3567 6 eighth eighth JJ 7960 3567 7 century century NN 7960 3567 8 B.C. 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and and CC 7960 3570 15 a a DT 7960 3570 16 center center NN 7960 3570 17 from from IN 7960 3570 18 which which WDT 7960 3570 19 Greek greek JJ 7960 3570 20 culture culture NN 7960 3570 21 , , , 7960 3570 22 including include VBG 7960 3570 23 the the DT 7960 3570 24 Greek greek JJ 7960 3570 25 alphabet alphabet NN 7960 3570 26 , , , 7960 3570 27 spread spread VBD 7960 3570 28 to to IN 7960 3570 29 Latium Latium NNP 7960 3570 30 . . . 7960 3571 1 A a DT 7960 3571 2 glance glance NN 7960 3571 3 at at IN 7960 3571 4 the the DT 7960 3571 5 map map NN 7960 3571 6 [ [ -LRB- 7960 3571 7 6 6 CD 7960 3571 8 ] ] -RRB- 7960 3571 9 shows show VBZ 7960 3571 10 that that IN 7960 3571 11 the the DT 7960 3571 12 chief chief JJ 7960 3571 13 Greek Greek NNP 7960 3571 14 Colonies Colonies NNPS 7960 3571 15 were be VBD 7960 3571 16 all all DT 7960 3571 17 on on RB 7960 3571 18 or or CC 7960 3571 19 near near IN 7960 3571 20 the the DT 7960 3571 21 Sea Sea NNP 7960 3571 22 , , , 7960 3571 23 from from IN 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3576 28 on on IN 7960 3576 29 the the DT 7960 3576 30 other other JJ 7960 3576 31 side side NN 7960 3576 32 , , , 7960 3576 33 to to IN 7960 3576 34 the the DT 7960 3576 35 Celtic celtic JJ 7960 3576 36 tongues tongue NNS 7960 3576 37 of of IN 7960 3576 38 western western JJ 7960 3576 39 Europe Europe NNP 7960 3576 40 . . . 7960 3577 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 3577 2 entered enter VBD 7960 3577 3 Italy Italy NNP 7960 3577 4 through through IN 7960 3577 5 the the DT 7960 3577 6 Alpine Alpine NNP 7960 3577 7 passes pass VBZ 7960 3577 8 , , , 7960 3577 9 long long RB 7960 3577 10 before before IN 7960 3577 11 the the DT 7960 3577 12 dawn dawn NN 7960 3577 13 of of IN 7960 3577 14 history history NN 7960 3577 15 , , , 7960 3577 16 and and CC 7960 3577 17 gradually gradually RB 7960 3577 18 pushed push VBD 7960 3577 19 southward southward RB 7960 3577 20 until until IN 7960 3577 21 they -PRON- PRP 7960 3577 22 occupied occupy VBD 7960 3577 23 the the DT 7960 3577 24 interior interior NN 7960 3577 25 of of IN 7960 3577 26 the the DT 7960 3577 27 peninsula peninsula NN 7960 3577 28 . . . 7960 3578 1 At at IN 7960 3578 2 the the DT 7960 3578 3 beginning beginning NN 7960 3578 4 of of IN 7960 3578 5 historic historic JJ 7960 3578 6 times time NNS 7960 3578 7 they -PRON- PRP 7960 3578 8 had have VBD 7960 3578 9 separated separate VBN 7960 3578 10 into into IN 7960 3578 11 two two CD 7960 3578 12 main main JJ 7960 3578 13 branches branch NNS 7960 3578 14 . . . 7960 3579 1 The the DT 7960 3579 2 eastern eastern JJ 7960 3579 3 and and CC 7960 3579 4 central central JJ 7960 3579 5 parts part NNS 7960 3579 6 of of IN 7960 3579 7 Italy Italy NNP 7960 3579 8 formed form VBD 7960 3579 9 the the DT 7960 3579 10 home home NN 7960 3579 11 of of IN 7960 3579 12 the the DT 7960 3579 13 highlanders highlander NNS 7960 3579 14 , , , 7960 3579 15 grouped group VBN 7960 3579 16 in in IN 7960 3579 17 various various JJ 7960 3579 18 tribes tribe NNS 7960 3579 19 . . . 7960 3580 1 Among among IN 7960 3580 2 them -PRON- PRP 7960 3580 3 were be VBD 7960 3580 4 the the DT 7960 3580 5 Umbrians Umbrians NNPS 7960 3580 6 in in IN 7960 3580 7 the the DT 7960 3580 8 northeast northeast NN 7960 3580 9 , , , 7960 3580 10 the the DT 7960 3580 11 Sabines Sabines NNPS 7960 3580 12 in in IN 7960 3580 13 the the DT 7960 3580 14 upper upper JJ 7960 3580 15 valley valley NN 7960 3580 16 of of IN 7960 3580 17 the the DT 7960 3580 18 Tiber Tiber NNP 7960 3580 19 , , , 7960 3580 20 and and CC 7960 3580 21 the the DT 7960 3580 22 Samnites Samnites NNPS 7960 3580 23 in in IN 7960 3580 24 the the DT 7960 3580 25 south south NN 7960 3580 26 . . . 7960 3581 1 Still still RB 7960 3581 2 other other JJ 7960 3581 3 Italian italian JJ 7960 3581 4 peoples people NNS 7960 3581 5 occupied occupy VBD 7960 3581 6 the the DT 7960 3581 7 peninsula peninsula NN 7960 3581 8 as as RB 7960 3581 9 far far RB 7960 3581 10 as as IN 7960 3581 11 Magna Magna NNP 7960 3581 12 Graecia Graecia NNP 7960 3581 13 . . . 7960 3582 1 THE the DT 7960 3582 2 LATINS LATINS NNP 7960 3582 3 The the DT 7960 3582 4 western western JJ 7960 3582 5 Italians Italians NNPS 7960 3582 6 were be VBD 7960 3582 7 known know VBN 7960 3582 8 as as IN 7960 3582 9 Latins Latins NNP 7960 3582 10 . . . 7960 3583 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 3583 2 dwelt dwell VBD 7960 3583 3 in in IN 7960 3583 4 Latium Latium NNP 7960 3583 5 , , , 7960 3583 6 the the DT 7960 3583 7 " " `` 7960 3583 8 flat flat JJ 7960 3583 9 land land NN 7960 3583 10 " " '' 7960 3583 11 extending extend VBG 7960 3583 12 south south RB 7960 3583 13 of of IN 7960 3583 14 the the DT 7960 3583 15 Tiber Tiber NNP 7960 3583 16 between between IN 7960 3583 17 the the DT 7960 3583 18 Apennines Apennines NNPS 7960 3583 19 and and CC 7960 3583 20 the the DT 7960 3583 21 Tyrrhenian Tyrrhenian NNP 7960 3583 22 Sea Sea NNP 7960 3583 23 . . . 7960 3584 1 Residence residence NN 7960 3584 2 in in IN 7960 3584 3 the the DT 7960 3584 4 lowlands lowland NNS 7960 3584 5 , , , 7960 3584 6 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4 This this DT 7960 3591 5 was be VBD 7960 3591 6 the the DT 7960 3591 7 central central JJ 7960 3591 8 eminence eminence NN 7960 3591 9 in in IN 7960 3591 10 a a DT 7960 3591 11 group group NN 7960 3591 12 of of IN 7960 3591 13 low low JJ 7960 3591 14 hills hill NNS 7960 3591 15 south south RB 7960 3591 16 of of IN 7960 3591 17 the the DT 7960 3591 18 Tiber Tiber NNP 7960 3591 19 , , , 7960 3591 20 about about RB 7960 3591 21 fifteen fifteen CD 7960 3591 22 miles mile NNS 7960 3591 23 by by IN 7960 3591 24 water water NN 7960 3591 25 from from IN 7960 3591 26 the the DT 7960 3591 27 river river NN 7960 3591 28 's 's POS 7960 3591 29 mouth mouth NN 7960 3591 30 . . . 7960 3592 1 Opposite opposite JJ 7960 3592 2 the the DT 7960 3592 3 Palatine palatine JJ 7960 3592 4 community community NN 7960 3592 5 there there RB 7960 3592 6 arose arise VBD 7960 3592 7 on on IN 7960 3592 8 the the DT 7960 3592 9 Quirinal Quirinal NNP 7960 3592 10 Hill Hill NNP 7960 3592 11 another another DT 7960 3592 12 settlement settlement NN 7960 3592 13 , , , 7960 3592 14 which which WDT 7960 3592 15 seems seem VBZ 7960 3592 16 to to TO 7960 3592 17 have have VB 7960 3592 18 been be VBN 7960 3592 19 an an DT 7960 3592 20 outpost outpost NN 7960 3592 21 of of IN 7960 3592 22 the the DT 7960 3592 23 Sabines Sabines NNPS 7960 3592 24 . . . 7960 3593 1 After after IN 7960 3593 2 much much JJ 7960 3593 3 hard hard JJ 7960 3593 4 fighting fight VBG 7960 3593 5 the the DT 7960 3593 6 rival rival JJ 7960 3593 7 hill hill NNP 7960 3593 8 towns town NNS 7960 3593 9 united unite VBN 7960 3593 10 on on IN 7960 3593 11 equal equal JJ 7960 3593 12 terms term NNS 7960 3593 13 into into IN 7960 3593 14 one one CD 7960 3593 15 state state NN 7960 3593 16 . . . 7960 3594 1 The the DT 7960 3594 2 low low JJ 7960 3594 3 marshy marshy JJ 7960 3594 4 land land NN 7960 3594 5 between between IN 7960 3594 6 the the DT 7960 3594 7 Palatine Palatine NNP 7960 3594 8 and and CC 7960 3594 9 Quirinal Quirinal NNP 7960 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7960 3602 12 Trojan Trojan NNP 7960 3602 13 prince prince NN 7960 3602 14 Aeneas Aeneas NNP 7960 3602 15 , , , 7960 3602 16 who who WP 7960 3602 17 had have VBD 7960 3602 18 escaped escape VBN 7960 3602 19 from from IN 7960 3602 20 Troy Troy NNP 7960 3602 21 on on IN 7960 3602 22 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 3602 23 capture capture NN 7960 3602 24 by by IN 7960 3602 25 the the DT 7960 3602 26 Greeks Greeks NNPS 7960 3602 27 and and CC 7960 3602 28 after after IN 7960 3602 29 long long JJ 7960 3602 30 wanderings wandering NNS 7960 3602 31 had have VBD 7960 3602 32 reached reach VBN 7960 3602 33 the the DT 7960 3602 34 coast coast NN 7960 3602 35 of of IN 7960 3602 36 Italy Italy NNP 7960 3602 37 . . . 7960 3603 1 Many many JJ 7960 3603 2 generations generation NNS 7960 3603 3 afterwards afterwards RB 7960 3603 4 , , , 7960 3603 5 when when WRB 7960 3603 6 Numitor Numitor NNP 7960 3603 7 sat sit VBD 7960 3603 8 on on IN 7960 3603 9 the the DT 7960 3603 10 throne throne NN 7960 3603 11 of of IN 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of of IN 7960 3708 23 birds bird NNS 7960 3708 24 . . . 7960 3709 1 To to TO 7960 3709 2 consult consult VB 7960 3709 3 such such JJ 7960 3709 4 signs sign NNS 7960 3709 5 was be VBD 7960 3709 6 called call VBN 7960 3709 7 " " `` 7960 3709 8 taking take VBG 7960 3709 9 the the DT 7960 3709 10 auspices auspex NNS 7960 3709 11 . . . 7960 3709 12 " " '' 7960 3710 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 3710 2 14 14 CD 7960 3710 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 3710 4 [ [ -LRB- 7960 3710 5 Illustration illustration NN 7960 3710 6 : : : 7960 3710 7 AN an DT 7960 3710 8 ETRUSCAN ETRUSCAN NNP 7960 3710 9 AUGUR AUGUR NNP 7960 3710 10 Wall Wall NNP 7960 3710 11 painting paint VBG 7960 3710 12 from from IN 7960 3710 13 a a DT 7960 3710 14 tomb tomb NN 7960 3710 15 at at IN 7960 3710 16 Tarquinii Tarquinii NNP 7960 3710 17 in in IN 7960 3710 18 Etruria Etruria NNP 7960 3710 19 . . . 7960 3710 20 ] ] -RRB- 7960 3711 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 3711 2 Illustration illustration NN 7960 3711 3 : : : 7960 3711 4 COOP coop JJ 7960 3711 5 WITH with IN 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7960 3726 24 city city NN 7960 3726 25 - - HYPH 7960 3726 26 state state NN 7960 3726 27 with with IN 7960 3726 28 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 3726 29 king king NN 7960 3726 30 , , , 7960 3726 31 council council NNP 7960 3726 32 , , , 7960 3726 33 and and CC 7960 3726 34 assembly assembly NNP 7960 3726 35 . . . 7960 3727 1 The the DT 7960 3727 2 king king NN 7960 3727 3 was be VBD 7960 3727 4 the the DT 7960 3727 5 father father NN 7960 3727 6 of of IN 7960 3727 7 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 3727 8 people people NNS 7960 3727 9 , , , 7960 3727 10 having have VBG 7960 3727 11 over over IN 7960 3727 12 them -PRON- PRP 7960 3727 13 the the DT 7960 3727 14 same same JJ 7960 3727 15 absolute absolute JJ 7960 3727 16 authority authority NN 7960 3727 17 that that WDT 7960 3727 18 the the DT 7960 3727 19 house house NNP 7960 3727 20 - - HYPH 7960 3727 21 father father NNP 7960 3727 22 held hold VBN 7960 3727 23 within within IN 7960 3727 24 the the DT 7960 3727 25 family family NN 7960 3727 26 . . . 7960 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assembly assembly NN 7960 3731 32 . . . 7960 3732 1 THE the DT 7960 3732 2 REPUBLICAN REPUBLICAN NNP 7960 3732 3 CONSULS consuls NN 7960 3732 4 Toward toward IN 7960 3732 5 the the DT 7960 3732 6 close close NN 7960 3732 7 of of IN 7960 3732 8 the the DT 7960 3732 9 sixth sixth JJ 7960 3732 10 century century NN 7960 3732 11 , , , 7960 3732 12 as as IN 7960 3732 13 we -PRON- PRP 7960 3732 14 have have VBP 7960 3732 15 already already RB 7960 3732 16 learned learn VBN 7960 3732 17 , , , 7960 3732 18 [ [ -LRB- 7960 3732 19 17 17 CD 7960 3732 20 ] ] -RRB- 7960 3732 21 the the DT 7960 3732 22 ancient ancient JJ 7960 3732 23 monarchy monarchy NN 7960 3732 24 disappeared disappear VBD 7960 3732 25 from from IN 7960 3732 26 Rome Rome NNP 7960 3732 27 . . . 7960 3733 1 In in IN 7960 3733 2 place place NN 7960 3733 3 of of IN 7960 3733 4 the the DT 7960 3733 5 lifelong lifelong JJ 7960 3733 6 king king NN 7960 3733 7 two two CD 7960 3733 8 magistrates magistrate NNS 7960 3733 9 , , , 7960 3733 10 named name VBN 7960 3733 11 consuls consul NNS 7960 3733 12 , , , 7960 3733 13 were be VBD 7960 3733 14 elected elect VBN 7960 3733 15 every every DT 7960 3733 16 year year NN 7960 3733 17 . . . 7960 3734 1 Each each DT 7960 3734 2 consul consul NN 7960 3734 3 had have VBD 7960 3734 4 to to TO 7960 3734 5 share share VB 7960 3734 6 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 3734 7 honor honor NN 7960 3734 8 and and CC 7960 3734 9 authority authority NN 7960 3734 10 with with IN 7960 3734 11 a a DT 7960 3734 12 colleague colleague NN 7960 3734 13 who who WP 7960 3734 14 enjoyed enjoy VBD 7960 3734 15 the the DT 7960 3734 16 same same JJ 7960 3734 17 power power NN 7960 3734 18 as as IN 7960 3734 19 himself -PRON- PRP 7960 3734 20 . . . 7960 3735 1 Unless unless IN 7960 3735 2 both both DT 7960 3735 3 agreed agree VBD 7960 3735 4 , , , 7960 3735 5 there there EX 7960 3735 6 could could MD 7960 3735 7 be be VB 7960 3735 8 no no DT 7960 3735 9 action action NN 7960 3735 10 . . . 7960 3736 1 Like like IN 7960 3736 2 the the DT 7960 3736 3 Spartan spartan JJ 7960 3736 4 kings king NNS 7960 3736 5 , , , 7960 3736 6 [ [ -LRB- 7960 3736 7 18 18 CD 7960 3736 8 ] ] -RRB- 7960 3736 9 the the DT 7960 3736 10 consuls consul NNS 7960 3736 11 served serve VBN 7960 3736 12 as as IN 7960 3736 13 checks check NNS 7960 3736 14 , , , 7960 3736 15 the the DT 7960 3736 16 one one NN 7960 3736 17 on on IN 7960 3736 18 the the DT 7960 3736 19 other other JJ 7960 3736 20 . . . 7960 3737 1 Neither neither DT 7960 3737 2 could could MD 7960 3737 3 safely safely RB 7960 3737 4 use use VB 7960 3737 5 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 3737 6 position position NN 7960 3737 7 to to TO 7960 3737 8 aim aim VB 7960 3737 9 at at IN 7960 3737 10 unlawful unlawful JJ 7960 3737 11 rule rule NN 7960 3737 12 . . . 7960 3738 1 THE the DT 7960 3738 2 DICTATOR DICTATOR NNP 7960 3738 3 This this DT 7960 3738 4 divided divide VBD 7960 3738 5 power power NN 7960 3738 6 of of IN 7960 3738 7 the the DT 7960 3738 8 consuls consul NNS 7960 3738 9 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7960 3834 10 the the DT 7960 3834 11 Greek greek JJ 7960 3834 12 phalanx phalanx NN 7960 3834 13 , , , 7960 3834 14 and and CC 7960 3834 15 they -PRON- PRP 7960 3834 16 shrank shrink VBD 7960 3834 17 back back RB 7960 3834 18 in in IN 7960 3834 19 terror terror NN 7960 3834 20 before before IN 7960 3834 21 the the DT 7960 3834 22 huge huge JJ 7960 3834 23 war war NN 7960 3834 24 elephants elephant NNS 7960 3834 25 which which WDT 7960 3834 26 Pyrrhus Pyrrhus NNP 7960 3834 27 had have VBD 7960 3834 28 brought bring VBN 7960 3834 29 with with IN 7960 3834 30 him -PRON- PRP 7960 3834 31 . . . 7960 3835 1 The the DT 7960 3835 2 invader invader NN 7960 3835 3 won win VBD 7960 3835 4 the the DT 7960 3835 5 first first JJ 7960 3835 6 battle battle NN 7960 3835 7 , , , 7960 3835 8 but but CC 7960 3835 9 lost lose VBD 7960 3835 10 many many JJ 7960 3835 11 of of IN 7960 3835 12 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 3835 13 best good JJS 7960 3835 14 troops troop NNS 7960 3835 15 . . . 7960 3836 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 3836 2 then then RB 7960 3836 3 offered offer VBD 7960 3836 4 peace peace NN 7960 3836 5 on on IN 7960 3836 6 condition condition NN 7960 3836 7 that that IN 7960 3836 8 the the DT 7960 3836 9 Romans Romans NNPS 7960 3836 10 should should MD 7960 3836 11 give give VB 7960 3836 12 up up RP 7960 3836 13 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 3836 14 possessions possession NNS 7960 3836 15 in in IN 7960 3836 16 southern southern JJ 7960 3836 17 Italy Italy NNP 7960 3836 18 . . . 7960 3837 1 The the DT 7960 3837 2 Senate Senate NNP 7960 3837 3 returned return VBD 7960 3837 4 the the DT 7960 3837 5 proud proud JJ 7960 3837 6 reply reply NN 7960 3837 7 that that IN 7960 3837 8 Rome Rome NNP 7960 3837 9 would would MD 7960 3837 10 not not RB 7960 3837 11 treat treat VB 7960 3837 12 with with IN 7960 3837 13 the the DT 7960 3837 14 enemy enemy NN 7960 3837 15 while while IN 7960 3837 16 he -PRON- PRP 7960 3837 17 stood stand VBD 7960 3837 18 on on IN 7960 3837 19 Italian italian JJ 7960 3837 20 soil soil NN 7960 3837 21 . . . 7960 3838 1 A a DT 7960 3838 2 second second JJ 7960 3838 3 battle battle NN 7960 3838 4 was be VBD 7960 3838 5 so so RB 7960 3838 6 bitterly bitterly RB 7960 3838 7 contested contest VBN 7960 3838 8 that that IN 7960 3838 9 Pyrrhus Pyrrhus NNP 7960 3838 10 declared declare VBD 7960 3838 11 , , , 7960 3838 12 " " `` 7960 3838 13 Another another DT 7960 3838 14 such such JJ 7960 3838 15 victory victory NN 7960 3838 16 , , , 7960 3838 17 and and CC 7960 3838 18 I -PRON- PRP 7960 3838 19 am be VBP 7960 3838 20 lost lose VBN 7960 3838 21 . . . 7960 3838 22 " " '' 7960 3839 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 3839 2 27 27 CD 7960 3839 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 3839 4 Weary Weary NNP 7960 3839 5 of of IN 7960 3839 6 the the DT 7960 3839 7 struggle struggle NN 7960 3839 8 , , , 7960 3839 9 Pyrrhus Pyrrhus NNP 7960 3839 10 now now RB 7960 3839 11 crossed cross VBD 7960 3839 12 over over RP 7960 3839 13 to to IN 7960 3839 14 Sicily Sicily NNP 7960 3839 15 to to TO 7960 3839 16 aid aid VB 7960 3839 17 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 3839 18 countrymen countryman NNS 7960 3839 19 against against IN 7960 3839 20 the the DT 7960 3839 21 Carthaginians Carthaginians NNPS 7960 3839 22 . . . 7960 3840 1 The the DT 7960 3840 2 rapid rapid JJ 7960 3840 3 progress progress NN 7960 3840 4 of of IN 7960 3840 5 the the DT 7960 3840 6 Roman roman JJ 7960 3840 7 arms arm NNS 7960 3840 8 called call VBD 7960 3840 9 him -PRON- PRP 7960 3840 10 back back RP 7960 3840 11 , , , 7960 3840 12 only only RB 7960 3840 13 to to TO 7960 3840 14 meet meet VB 7960 3840 15 a a DT 7960 3840 16 severe severe JJ 7960 3840 17 defeat defeat NN 7960 3840 18 . . . 7960 3841 1 Pyrrhus Pyrrhus NNP 7960 3841 2 then then RB 7960 3841 3 withdrew withdraw VBD 7960 3841 4 in in IN 7960 3841 5 disgust disgust NN 7960 3841 6 to to IN 7960 3841 7 Greece Greece NNP 7960 3841 8 ; ; : 7960 3841 9 Tarentum Tarentum NNP 7960 3841 10 fell fall VBD 7960 3841 11 ; ; : 7960 3841 12 and and CC 7960 3841 13 Rome Rome NNP 7960 3841 14 established establish VBD 7960 3841 15 her -PRON- PRP$ 7960 3841 16 rule rule NN 7960 3841 17 over over IN 7960 3841 18 southern southern JJ 7960 3841 19 Italy Italy NNP 7960 3841 20 . . . 7960 3842 1 POLITICAL POLITICAL NNP 7960 3842 2 SITUATION situation NN 7960 3842 3 IN in IN 7960 3842 4 264 264 CD 7960 3842 5 B.C. B.C. NNS 7960 3843 1 The the DT 7960 3843 2 triumph triumph NN 7960 3843 3 over over IN 7960 3843 4 Pyrrhus Pyrrhus NNP 7960 3843 5 and and CC 7960 3843 6 the the DT 7960 3843 7 conquest conquest NN 7960 3843 8 of of IN 7960 3843 9 Magna Magna NNPS 7960 3843 10 Graecia Graecia NNP 7960 3843 11 mark mark VBP 7960 3843 12 a a DT 7960 3843 13 decisive decisive JJ 7960 3843 14 moment moment NN 7960 3843 15 in in IN 7960 3843 16 the the DT 7960 3843 17 history history NN 7960 3843 18 of of IN 7960 3843 19 Rome Rome NNP 7960 3843 20 . . . 7960 3844 1 Had have VBD 7960 3844 2 Pyrrhus Pyrrhus NNP 7960 3844 3 won win VBD 7960 3844 4 Italy Italy NNP 7960 3844 5 , , , 7960 3844 6 as as RB 7960 3844 7 well well RB 7960 3844 8 as as IN 7960 3844 9 Asia Asia NNP 7960 3844 10 and and CC 7960 3844 11 Egypt Egypt NNP 7960 3844 12 , , , 7960 3844 13 might may MD 7960 3844 14 have have VB 7960 3844 15 become become VBN 7960 3844 16 a a DT 7960 3844 17 Greek greek JJ 7960 3844 18 land land NN 7960 3844 19 , , , 7960 3844 20 ruled rule VBN 7960 3844 21 by by IN 7960 3844 22 Hellenistic hellenistic JJ 7960 3844 23 kings king NNS 7960 3844 24 . . . 7960 3845 1 Now now RB 7960 3845 2 it -PRON- PRP 7960 3845 3 was be VBD 7960 3845 4 clear clear JJ 7960 3845 5 that that IN 7960 3845 6 Rome Rome NNP 7960 3845 7 , , , 7960 3845 8 having have VBG 7960 3845 9 met meet VBN 7960 3845 10 the the DT 7960 3845 11 invader invader NN 7960 3845 12 so so RB 7960 3845 13 bravely bravely RB 7960 3845 14 , , , 7960 3845 15 was be VBD 7960 3845 16 to to TO 7960 3845 17 remain remain VB 7960 3845 18 supreme supreme JJ 7960 3845 19 in in IN 7960 3845 20 the the DT 7960 3845 21 Italian italian JJ 7960 3845 22 peninsula peninsula NN 7960 3845 23 . . . 7960 3846 1 She -PRON- PRP 7960 3846 2 was be VBD 7960 3846 3 the the DT 7960 3846 4 undisputed undisputed JJ 7960 3846 5 mistress mistress NN 7960 3846 6 of of IN 7960 3846 7 Italy Italy NNP 7960 3846 8 from from IN 7960 3846 9 the the DT 7960 3846 10 strait strait NN 7960 3846 11 of of IN 7960 3846 12 Messina Messina NNP 7960 3846 13 northward northward RB 7960 3846 14 to to IN 7960 3846 15 the the DT 7960 3846 16 Arnus Arnus NNP 7960 3846 17 and and CC 7960 3846 18 the the DT 7960 3846 19 Rubicon Rubicon NNP 7960 3846 20 . . . 7960 3847 1 Etruscans Etruscans NNPS 7960 3847 2 , , , 7960 3847 3 Latins Latins NNPS 7960 3847 4 , , , 7960 3847 5 Samnites Samnites NNPS 7960 3847 6 , , , 7960 3847 7 and and CC 7960 3847 8 Greeks Greeks NNPS 7960 3847 9 acknowledged acknowledge VBD 7960 3847 10 her -PRON- PRP$ 7960 3847 11 sway sway NN 7960 3847 12 . . . 7960 3848 1 The the DT 7960 3848 2 central central JJ 7960 3848 3 city city NN 7960 3848 4 of of IN 7960 3848 5 the the DT 7960 3848 6 peninsula peninsula NN 7960 3848 7 had have VBD 7960 3848 8 become become VBN 7960 3848 9 the the DT 7960 3848 10 center center NN 7960 3848 11 of of IN 7960 3848 12 a a DT 7960 3848 13 united united JJ 7960 3848 14 Italy Italy NNP 7960 3848 15 . . . 7960 3849 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 3849 2 28 28 CD 7960 3849 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 3849 4 [ [ -LRB- 7960 3849 5 Illustration illustration NN 7960 3849 6 : : : 7960 3849 7 Map Map NNP 7960 3849 8 , , , 7960 3849 9 THE the DT 7960 3849 10 EXPANSION EXPANSION NNP 7960 3849 11 of of IN 7960 3849 12 ROMAN roman JJ 7960 3849 13 DOMINIONS dominion NNS 7960 3849 14 in in IN 7960 3849 15 ITALY ITALY NNP 7960 3849 16 , , , 7960 3849 17 500 500 CD 7960 3849 18 - - SYM 7960 3849 19 264 264 CD 7960 3849 20 B.C. B.C. NNP 7960 3849 21 ] ] -RRB- 7960 3850 1 54 54 CD 7960 3850 2 . . . 7960 3851 1 ITALY ITALY NNP 7960 3851 2 UNDER under IN 7960 3851 3 ROMAN ROMAN NNS 7960 3851 4 RULE rule NN 7960 3851 5 THE the DT 7960 3851 6 ROMAN ROMAN NNP 7960 3851 7 CITIZENS CITIZENS NNP 7960 3851 8 Italy Italy NNP 7960 3851 9 did do VBD 7960 3851 10 not not RB 7960 3851 11 form form VB 7960 3851 12 a a DT 7960 3851 13 single single JJ 7960 3851 14 state state NN 7960 3851 15 under under IN 7960 3851 16 Roman roman JJ 7960 3851 17 rule rule NN 7960 3851 18 . . . 7960 3852 1 About about RB 7960 3852 2 one one CD 7960 3852 3 - - HYPH 7960 3852 4 third third NN 7960 3852 5 of of IN 7960 3852 6 Italy Italy NNP 7960 3852 7 composed compose VBD 7960 3852 8 the the DT 7960 3852 9 strictly strictly RB 7960 3852 10 Roman roman JJ 7960 3852 11 territory territory NN 7960 3852 12 occupied occupy VBN 7960 3852 13 by by IN 7960 3852 14 Roman roman JJ 7960 3852 15 citizens citizen NNS 7960 3852 16 . . . 7960 3853 1 Since since 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7960 3856 13 citizen citizen NN 7960 3856 14 would would MD 7960 3856 15 have have VB 7960 3856 16 had have VBN 7960 3856 17 little little JJ 7960 3856 18 time time NN 7960 3856 19 for for IN 7960 3856 20 anything anything NN 7960 3856 21 else else RB 7960 3856 22 . . . 7960 3857 1 In in IN 7960 3857 2 practice practice NN 7960 3857 3 , , , 7960 3857 4 therefore therefore RB 7960 3857 5 , , , 7960 3857 6 the the DT 7960 3857 7 city city NN 7960 3857 8 populace populace NN 7960 3857 9 at at IN 7960 3857 10 Rome Rome NNP 7960 3857 11 had have VBD 7960 3857 12 the the DT 7960 3857 13 controlling controlling JJ 7960 3857 14 voice voice NN 7960 3857 15 in in IN 7960 3857 16 ordinary ordinary JJ 7960 3857 17 legislation legislation NN 7960 3857 18 . . . 7960 3858 1 The the DT 7960 3858 2 Romans Romans NNPS 7960 3858 3 were be VBD 7960 3858 4 never never RB 7960 3858 5 able able JJ 7960 3858 6 to to TO 7960 3858 7 remedy remedy VB 7960 3858 8 this this DT 7960 3858 9 grave grave JJ 7960 3858 10 defect defect NN 7960 3858 11 in in IN 7960 3858 12 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 3858 13 political political JJ 7960 3858 14 system system NN 7960 3858 15 . . . 7960 3859 1 We -PRON- PRP 7960 3859 2 shall shall MD 7960 3859 3 see see VB 7960 3859 4 later later RBR 7960 3859 5 what what WP 7960 3859 6 evils evil NNS 7960 3859 7 government government NN 7960 3859 8 without without IN 7960 3859 9 representation representation NN 7960 3859 10 brought bring VBN 7960 3859 11 in in IN 7960 3859 12 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 3859 13 train train NN 7960 3859 14 . . . 7960 3860 1 THE the DT 7960 3860 2 ITALIANS ITALIANS NNP 7960 3860 3 Over over IN 7960 3860 4 against against IN 7960 3860 5 this this DT 7960 3860 6 body body NN 7960 3860 7 of of IN 7960 3860 8 Roman roman JJ 7960 3860 9 citizens citizen NNS 7960 3860 10 were be VBD 7960 3860 11 the the DT 7960 3860 12 Italian italian JJ 7960 3860 13 peoples people NNS 7960 3860 14 . . . 7960 3861 1 Rome Rome NNP 7960 3861 2 was be VBD 7960 3861 3 not not RB 7960 3861 4 yet yet RB 7960 3861 5 ready ready JJ 7960 3861 6 to to TO 7960 3861 7 grant grant VB 7960 3861 8 them -PRON- PRP 7960 3861 9 citizenship citizenship NN 7960 3861 10 , , , 7960 3861 11 but but CC 7960 3861 12 she -PRON- PRP 7960 3861 13 did do VBD 7960 3861 14 not not RB 7960 3861 15 treat treat VB 7960 3861 16 them -PRON- PRP 7960 3861 17 as as IN 7960 3861 18 complete complete JJ 7960 3861 19 subjects subject NNS 7960 3861 20 . . . 7960 3862 1 The the DT 7960 3862 2 Italians Italians NNPS 7960 3862 3 were be VBD 7960 3862 4 called call VBN 7960 3862 5 the the DT 7960 3862 6 " " `` 7960 3862 7 allies ally NNS 7960 3862 8 and and CC 7960 3862 9 friends friend NNS 7960 3862 10 " " '' 7960 3862 11 of of IN 7960 3862 12 the the DT 7960 3862 13 Roman roman JJ 7960 3862 14 people people NNS 7960 3862 15 . . . 7960 3863 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 3863 2 lost lose VBD 7960 3863 3 the the DT 7960 3863 4 right right NN 7960 3863 5 of of IN 7960 3863 6 declaring declare VBG 7960 3863 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DT 7960 3864 25 Roman roman JJ 7960 3864 26 army army NN 7960 3864 27 in in IN 7960 3864 28 time time NN 7960 3864 29 of of IN 7960 3864 30 war war NN 7960 3864 31 . . . 7960 3865 1 These these DT 7960 3865 2 allies ally NNS 7960 3865 3 occupied occupy VBD 7960 3865 4 a a DT 7960 3865 5 large large JJ 7960 3865 6 part part NN 7960 3865 7 of of IN 7960 3865 8 the the DT 7960 3865 9 Italian italian JJ 7960 3865 10 peninsula peninsula NN 7960 3865 11 . . . 7960 3866 1 THE the DT 7960 3866 2 LATIN LATIN NNP 7960 3866 3 COLONIES colonie VBD 7960 3866 4 The the DT 7960 3866 5 Romans Romans NNPS 7960 3866 6 very very RB 7960 3866 7 early early RB 7960 3866 8 began begin VBD 7960 3866 9 to to TO 7960 3866 10 establish establish VB 7960 3866 11 what what WP 7960 3866 12 were be VBD 7960 3866 13 called call VBN 7960 3866 14 Latin latin JJ 7960 3866 15 colonies colony NNS 7960 3866 16 [ [ -LRB- 7960 3866 17 30 30 CD 7960 3866 18 ] ] -RRB- 7960 3866 19 in in IN 7960 3866 20 various various JJ 7960 3866 21 parts part NNS 7960 3866 22 of of IN 7960 3866 23 Italy Italy NNP 7960 3866 24 . . . 7960 3867 1 The the DT 7960 3867 2 colonists colonist NNS 7960 3867 3 were be VBD 7960 3867 4 usually usually RB 7960 3867 5 veteran veteran JJ 7960 3867 6 soldiers soldier NNS 7960 3867 7 or or CC 7960 3867 8 poor poor JJ 7960 3867 9 plebeians plebeian NNS 7960 3867 10 colonies colony NNS 7960 3867 11 who who WP 7960 3867 12 wanted want VBD 7960 3867 13 farms farm NNS 7960 3867 14 of of IN 7960 3867 15 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 3867 16 own own JJ 7960 3867 17 . . . 7960 3868 1 When when WRB 7960 3868 2 the the DT 7960 3868 3 list list NN 7960 3868 4 of of IN 7960 3868 5 colonists colonist NNS 7960 3868 6 was be VBD 7960 3868 7 made make VBN 7960 3868 8 up up RP 7960 3868 9 , , , 7960 3868 10 they -PRON- PRP 7960 3868 11 all all DT 7960 3868 12 marched march VBD 7960 3868 13 forth forth RB 7960 3868 14 in in IN 7960 3868 15 military military JJ 7960 3868 16 array array NN 7960 3868 17 to to IN 7960 3868 18 lake lake VB 7960 3868 19 possession possession NN 7960 3868 20 of of IN 7960 3868 21 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 3868 22 new new JJ 7960 3868 23 homes home NNS 7960 3868 24 and and CC 7960 3868 25 build build VB 7960 3868 26 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 3868 27 city city NN 7960 3868 28 . . . 7960 3869 1 The the DT 7960 3869 2 Latin latin JJ 7960 3869 3 colonies colony NNS 7960 3869 4 were be VBD 7960 3869 5 really really RB 7960 3869 6 offshoots offshoot NNS 7960 3869 7 of of IN 7960 3869 8 Rome Rome NNP 7960 3869 9 and and CC 7960 3869 10 hence hence RB 7960 3869 11 were be VBD 7960 3869 12 always always RB 7960 3869 13 faithful faithful JJ 7960 3869 14 to to IN 7960 3869 15 her -PRON- PRP$ 7960 3869 16 interests interest NNS 7960 3869 17 . . . 7960 3870 1 Scattered scatter VBN 7960 3870 2 everywhere everywhere RB 7960 3870 3 in in IN 7960 3870 4 Italy Italy NNP 7960 3870 5 they -PRON- PRP 7960 3870 6 formed form VBD 7960 3870 7 so so RB 7960 3870 8 many many JJ 7960 3870 9 permanent permanent JJ 7960 3870 10 camps camp NNS 7960 3870 11 or or CC 7960 3870 12 garrisons garrison NNS 7960 3870 13 to to TO 7960 3870 14 keep keep VB 7960 3870 15 the the DT 7960 3870 16 conquered conquer VBN 7960 3870 17 peoples people NNS 7960 3870 18 in in IN 7960 3870 19 subjection subjection NN 7960 3870 20 . . . 7960 3871 1 At at IN 7960 3871 2 the the DT 7960 3871 3 same same JJ 7960 3871 4 time time NN 7960 3871 5 they -PRON- PRP 7960 3871 6 helped help VBD 7960 3871 7 mightily mightily RB 7960 3871 8 in in IN 7960 3871 9 spreading spread VBG 7960 3871 10 the the DT 7960 3871 11 Latin latin JJ 7960 3871 12 language language NN 7960 3871 13 , , , 7960 3871 14 law law NN 7960 3871 15 , , , 7960 3871 16 and and CC 7960 3871 17 civilization civilization NN 7960 3871 18 throughout throughout IN 7960 3871 19 the the DT 7960 3871 20 peninsula peninsula NN 7960 3871 21 . . . 7960 3872 1 ROMAN ROMAN NNS 7960 3872 2 ROADS roads VBP 7960 3872 3 All all PDT 7960 3872 4 the the DT 7960 3872 5 colonies colony NNS 7960 3872 6 were be VBD 7960 3872 7 united unite VBN 7960 3872 8 with with IN 7960 3872 9 one one CD 7960 3872 10 another another DT 7960 3872 11 and and CC 7960 3872 12 with with IN 7960 3872 13 Rome Rome NNP 7960 3872 14 by by IN 7960 3872 15 an an DT 7960 3872 16 extensive extensive JJ 7960 3872 17 system system NN 7960 3872 18 of of IN 7960 3872 19 roads road NNS 7960 3872 20 . . . 7960 3873 1 The the DT 7960 3873 2 first first JJ 7960 3873 3 great great JJ 7960 3873 4 road road NN 7960 3873 5 , , , 7960 3873 6 called call VBD 7960 3873 7 the the DT 7960 3873 8 Appian Appian NNP 7960 3873 9 Way Way NNP 7960 3873 10 , , , 7960 3873 11 was be VBD 7960 3873 12 made make VBN 7960 3873 13 during during IN 7960 3873 14 the the DT 7960 3873 15 period period NN 7960 3873 16 of of IN 7960 3873 17 the the DT 7960 3873 18 Samnite samnite JJ 7960 3873 19 wars war NNS 7960 3873 20 . . . 7960 3874 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 3874 2 united unite VBD 7960 3874 3 the the DT 7960 3874 4 city city NN 7960 3874 5 of of IN 7960 3874 6 Rome Rome NNP 7960 3874 7 with with IN 7960 3874 8 Capua Capua NNP 7960 3874 9 and and CC 7960 3874 10 secured secure VBD 7960 3874 11 the the DT 7960 3874 12 hold hold NN 7960 3874 13 of of IN 7960 3874 14 Rome Rome NNP 7960 3874 15 on on IN 7960 3874 16 Campania Campania NNP 7960 3874 17 . . . 7960 3875 1 The the DT 7960 3875 2 Appian Appian NNP 7960 3875 3 Way way NN 7960 3875 4 was be VBD 7960 3875 5 afterwards afterwards RB 7960 3875 6 carried carry VBN 7960 3875 7 across across IN 7960 3875 8 the the DT 7960 3875 9 Apennines Apennines NNPS 7960 3875 10 to to IN 7960 3875 11 Brundisium Brundisium NNP 7960 3875 12 on on IN 7960 3875 13 the the DT 7960 3875 14 Adriatic Adriatic NNP 7960 3875 15 , , , 7960 3875 16 whence whence NN 7960 3875 17 travelers traveler NNS 7960 3875 18 embarked embark VBD 7960 3875 19 for for IN 7960 3875 20 the the DT 7960 3875 21 coast coast NN 7960 3875 22 of of IN 7960 3875 23 Greece Greece NNP 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every every DT 7960 3881 27 corner corner NN 7960 3881 28 of of IN 7960 3881 29 Italy Italy NNP 7960 3881 30 . . . 7960 3882 1 Hence hence RB 7960 3882 2 the the DT 7960 3882 3 roads road NNS 7960 3882 4 ran run VBD 7960 3882 5 , , , 7960 3882 6 as as RB 7960 3882 7 much much RB 7960 3882 8 as as IN 7960 3882 9 possible possible JJ 7960 3882 10 , , , 7960 3882 11 in in IN 7960 3882 12 straight straight JJ 7960 3882 13 lines line NNS 7960 3882 14 and and CC 7960 3882 15 on on IN 7960 3882 16 easy easy JJ 7960 3882 17 grades grade NNS 7960 3882 18 . . . 7960 3883 1 Nothing nothing NN 7960 3883 2 was be VBD 7960 3883 3 allowed allow VBN 7960 3883 4 to to TO 7960 3883 5 obstruct obstruct VB 7960 3883 6 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 3883 7 course course NN 7960 3883 8 . . . 7960 3884 1 Engineers engineer NNS 7960 3884 2 cut cut VBD 7960 3884 3 through through IN 7960 3884 4 or or CC 7960 3884 5 tunneled tunnel VBD 7960 3884 6 the the DT 7960 3884 7 hills hill NNS 7960 3884 8 , , , 7960 3884 9 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process NN 7960 3888 12 of of IN 7960 3888 13 Romanization Romanization NNP 7960 3888 14 which which WDT 7960 3888 15 she -PRON- PRP 7960 3888 16 was be VBD 7960 3888 17 to to TO 7960 3888 18 extend extend VB 7960 3888 19 later later RB 7960 3888 20 to to IN 7960 3888 21 Spain Spain NNP 7960 3888 22 , , , 7960 3888 23 Gaul Gaul NNP 7960 3888 24 , , , 7960 3888 25 and and CC 7960 3888 26 Britain Britain NNP 7960 3888 27 . . . 7960 3889 1 She -PRON- PRP 7960 3889 2 began begin VBD 7960 3889 3 to to TO 7960 3889 4 make make VB 7960 3889 5 , , , 7960 3889 6 the the DT 7960 3889 7 Italian italian JJ 7960 3889 8 peoples people NNS 7960 3889 9 like like IN 7960 3889 10 herself -PRON- PRP 7960 3889 11 in in IN 7960 3889 12 blood blood NN 7960 3889 13 , , , 7960 3889 14 speech speech NN 7960 3889 15 , , , 7960 3889 16 customs custom NNS 7960 3889 17 , , , 7960 3889 18 and and CC 7960 3889 19 manners manner NNS 7960 3889 20 . . . 7960 3890 1 More More JJR 7960 3890 2 and and CC 7960 3890 3 more more RBR 7960 3890 4 the the DT 7960 3890 5 Italians Italians NNPS 7960 3890 6 , , , 7960 3890 7 under under IN 7960 3890 8 Rome Rome NNP 7960 3890 9 's 's POS 7960 3890 10 leadership leadership NN 7960 3890 11 , , , 7960 3890 12 came come VBD 7960 3890 13 to to TO 7960 3890 14 look look VB 7960 3890 15 upon upon IN 7960 3890 16 themselves -PRON- PRP 7960 3890 17 as as IN 7960 3890 18 one one CD 7960 3890 19 people people NNS 7960 3890 20 -- -- : 7960 3890 21 the the DT 7960 3890 22 people people NNS 7960 3890 23 who who WP 7960 3890 24 wore wear VBD 7960 3890 25 the the DT 7960 3890 26 gown gown JJ 7960 3890 27 , , , 7960 3890 28 or or CC 7960 3890 29 _ _ NNP 7960 3890 30 toga toga NN 7960 3890 31 _ _ NNP 7960 3890 32 , , , 7960 3890 33 as as IN 7960 3890 34 contrasted contrast VBN 7960 3890 35 with with IN 7960 3890 36 the the DT 7960 3890 37 barbarous barbarous JJ 7960 3890 38 and and CC 7960 3890 39 trousers trouser NNS 7960 3890 40 - - HYPH 7960 3890 41 wearing wear VBG 7960 3890 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NNS 7960 3897 11 -- -- : 7960 3897 12 who who WP 7960 3897 13 knew know VBD 7960 3897 14 how how WRB 7960 3897 15 to to TO 7960 3897 16 fight fight VB 7960 3897 17 and and CC 7960 3897 18 how how WRB 7960 3897 19 to to TO 7960 3897 20 obey obey VB 7960 3897 21 orders order NNS 7960 3897 22 . . . 7960 3898 1 An an DT 7960 3898 2 army army NN 7960 3898 3 in in IN 7960 3898 4 the the DT 7960 3898 5 field field NN 7960 3898 6 consisted consist VBD 7960 3898 7 of of IN 7960 3898 8 one one CD 7960 3898 9 or or CC 7960 3898 10 more more JJR 7960 3898 11 legions legion NNS 7960 3898 12 . . . 7960 3899 1 A a DT 7960 3899 2 legion legion NN 7960 3899 3 included include VBD 7960 3899 4 about about RB 7960 3899 5 three three CD 7960 3899 6 thousand thousand CD 7960 3899 7 heavy heavy JJ 7960 3899 8 - - HYPH 7960 3899 9 armed armed JJ 7960 3899 10 footmen footman NNS 7960 3899 11 , , , 7960 3899 12 twelve twelve CD 7960 3899 13 hundred hundred CD 7960 3899 14 light light JJ 7960 3899 15 infantry 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A.D. 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say VBD 7960 3917 5 , , , 7960 3917 6 the the DT 7960 3917 7 Romans Romans NNPS 7960 3917 8 often often RB 7960 3917 9 conquered conquer VBN 7960 3917 10 by by IN 7960 3917 11 " " `` 7960 3917 12 sitting sit VBG 7960 3917 13 still still RB 7960 3917 14 . . . 7960 3917 15 " " '' 7960 3918 1 DISCIPLINE discipline NN 7960 3918 2 : : : 7960 3918 3 REWARDS reward NNS 7960 3918 4 AND and CC 7960 3918 5 HONORS honor NNS 7960 3918 6 Roman roman JJ 7960 3918 7 soldiers soldier NNS 7960 3918 8 lived live VBD 7960 3918 9 under under IN 7960 3918 10 the the DT 7960 3918 11 strictest strictest NN 7960 3918 12 discipline discipline NN 7960 3918 13 . . . 7960 3919 1 To to IN 7960 3919 2 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 3919 3 general general JJ 7960 3919 4 they -PRON- PRP 7960 3919 5 owed owe VBD 7960 3919 6 absolute absolute JJ 7960 3919 7 , , , 7960 3919 8 unquestioning unquestioning JJ 7960 3919 9 obedience obedience NN 7960 3919 10 . . . 7960 3920 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 3920 2 could could MD 7960 3920 3 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3925 3 a a DT 7960 3925 4 grand grand JJ 7960 3925 5 parade parade NN 7960 3925 6 and and CC 7960 3925 7 procession procession NN 7960 3925 8 in in IN 7960 3925 9 the the DT 7960 3925 10 city city NN 7960 3925 11 of of IN 7960 3925 12 Rome Rome NNP 7960 3925 13 . . . 7960 3926 1 First first RB 7960 3926 2 came come VBD 7960 3926 3 the the DT 7960 3926 4 magistrates magistrate NNS 7960 3926 5 and and CC 7960 3926 6 senators senator NNS 7960 3926 7 , , , 7960 3926 8 wagons wagon NNS 7960 3926 9 laden laden JJ 7960 3926 10 with with IN 7960 3926 11 booty booty NN 7960 3926 12 , , , 7960 3926 13 and and CC 7960 3926 14 captives captive NNS 7960 3926 15 in in IN 7960 3926 16 chains chain NNS 7960 3926 17 . . . 7960 3927 1 Then then RB 7960 3927 2 followed follow VBD 7960 3927 3 the the DT 7960 3927 4 conqueror conqueror NN 7960 3927 5 himself -PRON- PRP 7960 3927 6 , , , 7960 3927 7 clad clothe VBN 7960 3927 8 in in IN 7960 3927 9 a a DT 7960 3927 10 gorgeous gorgeous JJ 7960 3927 11 robe 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1 On on IN 7960 3936 2 an an DT 7960 3936 3 outline outline NN 7960 3936 4 map map NN 7960 3936 5 indicate indicate VBP 7960 3936 6 the the DT 7960 3936 7 Roman roman JJ 7960 3936 8 dominions dominion NNS 7960 3936 9 in in IN 7960 3936 10 509 509 CD 7960 3936 11 B.C. 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statement NN 7960 3951 4 . . . 7960 3952 1 7 7 LS 7960 3952 2 . . . 7960 3953 1 What what WP 7960 3953 2 is be VBZ 7960 3953 3 the the DT 7960 3953 4 origin origin NN 7960 3953 5 of of IN 7960 3953 6 our -PRON- PRP$ 7960 3953 7 names name NNS 7960 3953 8 of of IN 7960 3953 9 the the DT 7960 3953 10 two two CD 7960 3953 11 months month NNS 7960 3953 12 , , , 7960 3953 13 January January NNP 7960 3953 14 and and CC 7960 3953 15 March March NNP 7960 3953 16 ? ? . 7960 3954 1 8 8 LS 7960 3954 2 . . . 7960 3955 1 Compare compare VB 7960 3955 2 the the DT 7960 3955 3 early early JJ 7960 3955 4 Roman Roman NNP 7960 3955 5 with with IN 7960 3955 6 the the DT 7960 3955 7 early early JJ 7960 3955 8 Greek greek JJ 7960 3955 9 religion religion NN 7960 3955 10 as as IN 7960 3955 11 to to IN 7960 3955 12 ( ( -LRB- 7960 3955 13 a a DT 7960 3955 14 ) ) -RRB- 7960 3955 15 likenesses likeness NNS 7960 3955 16 ; ; , 7960 3955 17 ( ( -LRB- 7960 3955 18 b b NN 7960 3955 19 ) ) -RRB- 7960 3955 20 differences difference NNS 7960 3955 21 . . . 7960 3956 1 9 9 CD 7960 3956 2 . . . 7960 3957 1 Why why WRB 7960 3957 2 have have VBP 7960 3957 3 the the DT 7960 3957 4 consuls consul NNS 7960 3957 5 been be VBN 7960 3957 6 called call VBN 7960 3957 7 " " `` 7960 3957 8 joint joint JJ 7960 3957 9 kings king NNS 7960 3957 10 for for IN 7960 3957 11 one one CD 7960 3957 12 year year NN 7960 3957 13 " " '' 7960 3957 14 ? ? . 7960 3958 1 10 10 CD 7960 3958 2 . . . 7960 3959 1 What what WP 7960 3959 2 do do VBP 7960 3959 3 you -PRON- PRP 7960 3959 4 understand understand VB 7960 3959 5 by by IN 7960 3959 6 " " `` 7960 3959 7 martial martial JJ 7960 3959 8 law law NN 7960 3959 9 " " '' 7960 3959 10 ? ? . 7960 3960 1 Under under IN 7960 3960 2 what what WDT 7960 3960 3 circumstances circumstance NNS 7960 3960 4 is be VBZ 7960 3960 5 it -PRON- PRP 7960 3960 6 sometimes sometimes RB 7960 3960 7 declared declare VBN 7960 3960 8 in in IN 7960 3960 9 the the DT 7960 3960 10 United United NNP 7960 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5 phrase phrase NN 7960 3970 6 , , , 7960 3970 7 " " `` 7960 3970 8 government government NN 7960 3970 9 of of IN 7960 3970 10 the the DT 7960 3970 11 people people NNS 7960 3970 12 , , , 7960 3970 13 by by IN 7960 3970 14 the the DT 7960 3970 15 people people NNS 7960 3970 16 , , , 7960 3970 17 for for IN 7960 3970 18 the the DT 7960 3970 19 people people NNS 7960 3970 20 , , , 7960 3970 21 " " '' 7960 3970 22 be be VB 7960 3970 23 applied apply VBN 7960 3970 24 to to IN 7960 3970 25 the the DT 7960 3970 26 Roman Roman NNP 7960 3970 27 Republic Republic NNP 7960 3970 28 at at IN 7960 3970 29 this this DT 7960 3970 30 period period NN 7960 3970 31 ? ? . 7960 3971 1 16 16 CD 7960 3971 2 . . . 7960 3972 1 What what WDT 7960 3972 2 conditions condition NNS 7960 3972 3 made make VBD 7960 3972 4 it -PRON- PRP 7960 3972 5 easy easy JJ 7960 3972 6 for for IN 7960 3972 7 the the DT 7960 3972 8 Romans Romans NNPS 7960 3972 9 to to TO 7960 3972 10 conquer conquer VB 7960 3972 11 Magna Magna NNP 7960 3972 12 Graecia Graecia NNP 7960 3972 13 and and CC 7960 3972 14 difficult difficult JJ 7960 3972 15 for for IN 7960 3972 16 them -PRON- PRP 7960 3972 17 to to TO 7960 3972 18 subdue subdue VB 7960 3972 19 the the DT 7960 3972 20 Samnites Samnites NNPS 7960 3972 21 ? ? . 7960 3973 1 17 17 CD 7960 3973 2 . . . 7960 3974 1 What what WP 7960 3974 2 is be VBZ 7960 3974 3 a a DT 7960 3974 4 " " `` 7960 3974 5 Pyrrhic pyrrhic JJ 7960 3974 6 victory victory NN 7960 3974 7 " " '' 7960 3974 8 ? ? . 7960 3975 1 18 18 CD 7960 3975 2 . . . 7960 3976 1 Compare compare VB 7960 3976 2 the the DT 7960 3976 3 nature nature NN 7960 3976 4 of of IN 7960 3976 5 Roman roman JJ 7960 3976 6 rule rule NN 7960 3976 7 over over IN 7960 3976 8 Italy Italy NNP 7960 3976 9 with with IN 7960 3976 10 that that DT 7960 3976 11 of of IN 7960 3976 12 Athens Athens NNP 7960 3976 13 over over IN 7960 3976 14 the the DT 7960 3976 15 Delian Delian NNP 7960 3976 16 League League NNP 7960 3976 17 . . . 7960 3977 1 19 19 CD 7960 3977 2 . . . 7960 3978 1 Trace trace NN 7960 3978 2 on on IN 7960 3978 3 the the DT 7960 3978 4 map map NN 7960 3978 5 , , , 7960 3978 6 page page NN 7960 3978 7 156 156 CD 7960 3978 8 , , , 7960 3978 9 the the DT 7960 3978 10 Appian appian JJ 7960 3978 11 and and CC 7960 3978 12 Flaminian flaminian JJ 7960 3978 13 ways way NNS 7960 3978 14 , , , 7960 3978 15 noting note VBG 7960 3978 16 some some DT 7960 3978 17 of of IN 7960 3978 18 the the DT 7960 3978 19 cities city NNS 7960 3978 20 along along IN 7960 3978 21 the the DT 7960 3978 22 routes route NNS 7960 3978 23 and and CC 7960 3978 24 the the DT 7960 3978 25 terminal terminal JJ 7960 3978 26 points point NNS 7960 3978 27 of of IN 7960 3978 28 each each DT 7960 3978 29 road road NN 7960 3978 30 . . . 7960 3979 1 20 20 CD 7960 3979 2 . . . 7960 3980 1 Explain explain VB 7960 3980 2 : : : 7960 3980 3 " " `` 7960 3980 4 all all DT 7960 3980 5 roads road NNS 7960 3980 6 lead lead VBP 7960 3980 7 to to IN 7960 3980 8 Rome Rome NNP 7960 3980 9 . . . 7960 3980 10 " " '' 7960 3981 1 21 21 CD 7960 3981 2 . . . 7960 3982 1 Contrast contrast VB 7960 3982 2 the the DT 7960 3982 3 legion legion NN 7960 3982 4 and and CC 7960 3982 5 the the DT 7960 3982 6 phalanx phalanx NN 7960 3982 7 as as IN 7960 3982 8 to to IN 7960 3982 9 arrangement arrangement NN 7960 3982 10 , , , 7960 3982 11 armament armament JJ 7960 3982 12 , , , 7960 3982 13 and and CC 7960 3982 14 method method NN 7960 3982 15 of of IN 7960 3982 16 fighting fighting NN 7960 3982 17 . . . 7960 3983 1 22 22 CD 7960 3983 2 . . . 7960 3984 1 " " `` 7960 3984 2 Rome Rome NNP 7960 3984 3 seems seem VBZ 7960 3984 4 greater great JJR 7960 3984 5 than than IN 7960 3984 6 her -PRON- PRP$ 7960 3984 7 greatest great JJS 7960 3984 8 men man NNS 7960 3984 9 . . . 7960 3984 10 " " '' 7960 3985 1 Comment comment NN 7960 3985 2 on on IN 7960 3985 3 this this DT 7960 3985 4 statement statement NN 7960 3985 5 . . . 7960 3986 1 FOOTNOTES FOOTNOTES NNP 7960 3986 2 [ [ -LRB- 7960 3986 3 1 1 CD 7960 3986 4 ] ] -RRB- 7960 3986 5 Webster Webster NNP 7960 3986 6 , , , 7960 3986 7 _ _ NNP 7960 3986 8 Readings Readings NNP 7960 3986 9 in in IN 7960 3986 10 Ancient Ancient NNP 7960 3986 11 History History NNP 7960 3986 12 _ _ NNP 7960 3986 13 , , , 7960 3986 14 chapter chapter NN 7960 3986 15 xiv xiv NN 7960 3986 16 , , , 7960 3986 17 " " `` 7960 3986 18 Legends Legends NNPS 7960 3986 19 of of IN 7960 3986 20 Early early JJ 7960 3986 21 Rome Rome NNP 7960 3986 22 . . . 7960 3986 23 " " '' 7960 3987 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 3987 2 2 2 LS 7960 3987 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 3987 4 See see VB 7960 3987 5 page page NN 7960 3987 6 67 67 CD 7960 3987 7 . . . 7960 3988 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 3988 2 3 3 LS 7960 3988 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 3988 4 See see VB 7960 3988 5 page page NN 7960 3988 6 28 28 CD 7960 3988 7 . . . 7960 3989 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 3989 2 4 4 LS 7960 3989 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 3989 4 See see VB 7960 3989 5 pages page NNS 7960 3989 6 53 53 CD 7960 3989 7 , , , 7960 3989 8 61 61 CD 7960 3989 9 . . . 7960 3990 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 3990 2 5 5 CD 7960 3990 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 3990 4 Naples Naples NNP 7960 3990 5 , , , 7960 3990 6 the the DT 7960 3990 7 ancient ancient JJ 7960 3990 8 Neapolis Neapolis NNP 7960 3990 9 , , , 7960 3990 10 was be VBD 7960 3990 11 a a DT 7960 3990 12 colony colony NN 7960 3990 13 of of IN 7960 3990 14 Cumae Cumae NNP 7960 3990 15 . . . 7960 3991 1 See see VB 7960 3991 2 page page NN 7960 3991 3 89 89 CD 7960 3991 4 . . . 7960 3992 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 3992 2 6 6 CD 7960 3992 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 3992 4 See see VB 7960 3992 5 the the DT 7960 3992 6 map map NN 7960 3992 7 facing face VBG 7960 3992 8 page page NN 7960 3992 9 50 50 CD 7960 3992 10 . . . 7960 3993 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 3993 2 7 7 LS 7960 3993 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 3993 4 The the DT 7960 3993 5 Romans Romans NNPS 7960 3993 6 believed believe VBD 7960 3993 7 that that IN 7960 3993 8 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 3993 9 city city NN 7960 3993 10 was be VBD 7960 3993 11 founded found VBN 7960 3993 12 in in IN 7960 3993 13 753 753 CD 7960 3993 14 B.C. B.C. NNP 7960 3993 15 , , , 7960 3993 16 from from IN 7960 3993 17 which which WDT 7960 3993 18 year year NN 7960 3993 19 all all DT 7960 3993 20 Roman roman JJ 7960 3993 21 dates date NNS 7960 3993 22 were be VBD 7960 3993 23 reckoned reckon VBN 7960 3993 24 . . . 7960 3994 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 3994 2 8 8 LS 7960 3994 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 3994 4 See see VB 7960 3994 5 the the DT 7960 3994 6 map map NN 7960 3994 7 , , , 7960 3994 8 page page NN 7960 3994 9 293 293 CD 7960 3994 10 . . . 7960 3995 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 3995 2 9 9 CD 7960 3995 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 3995 4 See see VB 7960 3995 5 page page NN 7960 3995 6 146 146 CD 7960 3995 7 . . . 7960 3996 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 3996 2 10 10 CD 7960 3996 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 3996 4 Cato Cato NNP 7960 3996 5 , , , 7960 3996 6 _ _ NNP 7960 3996 7 De De NNP 7960 3996 8 agricultura agricultura NNP 7960 3996 9 _ _ NNP 7960 3996 10 , , , 7960 3996 11 I. I. NNP 7960 3997 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 3997 2 11 11 CD 7960 3997 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 3997 4 See see VB 7960 3997 5 page page NN 7960 3997 6 6 6 CD 7960 3997 7 . . . 7960 3998 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 3998 2 12 12 CD 7960 3998 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 3998 4 See see VB 7960 3998 5 the the DT 7960 3998 6 illustration illustration NN 7960 3998 7 , , , 7960 3998 8 page page NN 7960 3998 9 7 7 CD 7960 3998 10 . . . 7960 3999 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 3999 2 13 13 CD 7960 3999 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 3999 4 Since since IN 7960 3999 5 a a DT 7960 3999 6 door door NN 7960 3999 7 ( ( -LRB- 7960 3999 8 _ _ NNP 7960 3999 9 janua janua NNP 7960 3999 10 _ _ NNP 7960 3999 11 ) ) -RRB- 7960 3999 12 had have VBD 7960 3999 13 two two CD 7960 3999 14 sides side NNS 7960 3999 15 , , , 7960 3999 16 Janus Janus NNP 7960 3999 17 , , , 7960 3999 18 the the DT 7960 3999 19 door door NN 7960 3999 20 god god NNP 7960 3999 21 , , , 7960 3999 22 was be VBD 7960 3999 23 represented represent VBN 7960 3999 24 with with IN 7960 3999 25 the the DT 7960 3999 26 curious curious JJ 7960 3999 27 double double JJ 7960 3999 28 face face NN 7960 3999 29 which which WDT 7960 3999 30 appears appear VBZ 7960 3999 31 on on IN 7960 3999 32 Roman roman JJ 7960 3999 33 coins coin NNS 7960 3999 34 ( ( -LRB- 7960 3999 35 See see VB 7960 3999 36 the the DT 7960 3999 37 plate plate NN 7960 3999 38 facing face VBG 7960 3999 39 page page NN 7960 3999 40 134 134 CD 7960 3999 41 ) ) -RRB- 7960 3999 42 The the DT 7960 3999 43 month month NN 7960 3999 44 of of IN 7960 3999 45 January January NNP 7960 3999 46 in in IN 7960 3999 47 the the DT 7960 3999 48 Julian julian JJ 7960 3999 49 calendar calendar NN 7960 3999 50 was be VBD 7960 3999 51 named name VBN 7960 3999 52 for for IN 7960 3999 53 him -PRON- PRP 7960 3999 54 . . . 7960 4000 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 4000 2 14 14 CD 7960 4000 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 4000 4 Latin Latin NNP 7960 4000 5 _ _ NNP 7960 4000 6 auspicium auspicium NN 7960 4000 7 _ _ NNP 7960 4000 8 , , , 7960 4000 9 from from IN 7960 4000 10 _ _ NNP 7960 4000 11 auspex auspex NNP 7960 4000 12 _ _ NNP 7960 4000 13 , , , 7960 4000 14 a a DT 7960 4000 15 bird bird NN 7960 4000 16 seer seer NN 7960 4000 17 . . . 7960 4001 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 4001 2 15 15 CD 7960 4001 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 4001 4 The the DT 7960 4001 5 title title NN 7960 4001 6 of of IN 7960 4001 7 the the DT 7960 4001 8 president president NN 7960 4001 9 of of IN 7960 4001 10 the the DT 7960 4001 11 pontiffs pontiff NNS 7960 4001 12 , , , 7960 4001 13 _ _ NNP 7960 4001 14 Pontifex Pontifex NNP 7960 4001 15 Maximus Maximus NNP 7960 4001 16 _ _ NNP 7960 4001 17 ( ( -LRB- 7960 4001 18 Supreme Supreme NNP 7960 4001 19 Pontiff Pontiff NNP 7960 4001 20 ) ) -RRB- 7960 4001 21 , , , 7960 4001 22 is be VBZ 7960 4001 23 still still RB 7960 4001 24 that that DT 7960 4001 25 of of IN 7960 4001 26 the the DT 7960 4001 27 pope pope NN 7960 4001 28 . . . 7960 4002 1 See see VB 7960 4002 2 page page NN 7960 4002 3 364 364 CD 7960 4002 4 . . . 7960 4003 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 4003 2 16 16 CD 7960 4003 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 4003 4 See see VB 7960 4003 5 page page NN 7960 4003 6 81 81 CD 7960 4003 7 . . . 7960 4004 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 4004 2 17 17 CD 7960 4004 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 4004 4 See see VB 7960 4004 5 page page NN 7960 4004 6 143 143 CD 7960 4004 7 . . . 7960 4005 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 4005 2 18 18 CD 7960 4005 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 4005 4 See see VB 7960 4005 5 page page NN 7960 4005 6 83 83 CD 7960 4005 7 . . . 7960 4006 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 4006 2 19 19 CD 7960 4006 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 4006 4 From from IN 7960 4006 5 the the DT 7960 4006 6 Latin Latin NNP 7960 4006 7 _ _ NNP 7960 4006 8 patres patre VBZ 7960 4006 9 _ _ NNP 7960 4006 10 , , , 7960 4006 11 " " `` 7960 4006 12 fathers father NNS 7960 4006 13 . . . 7960 4006 14 " " '' 7960 4007 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 4007 2 20 20 CD 7960 4007 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 4007 4 Latin Latin NNP 7960 4007 5 _ _ NNP 7960 4007 6 plebs plebs NN 7960 4007 7 _ _ NNP 7960 4007 8 , , , 7960 4007 9 " " `` 7960 4007 10 the the DT 7960 4007 11 crowd crowd NN 7960 4007 12 . . . 7960 4007 13 " " '' 7960 4008 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 4008 2 21 21 CD 7960 4008 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 4008 4 See see VB 7960 4008 5 page page NN 7960 4008 6 85 85 CD 7960 4008 7 . . . 7960 4009 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 4009 2 22 22 CD 7960 4009 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 4009 4 See see VB 7960 4009 5 page page NN 7960 4009 6 105 105 CD 7960 4009 7 . . . 7960 4010 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 4010 2 23 23 CD 7960 4010 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 4010 4 The the DT 7960 4010 5 four four CD 7960 4010 6 letters letter NNS 7960 4010 7 inscribed inscribe VBN 7960 4010 8 on on IN 7960 4010 9 Roman roman JJ 7960 4010 10 military military JJ 7960 4010 11 standards standard NNS 7960 4010 12 indicate indicate VBP 7960 4010 13 the the DT 7960 4010 14 important important JJ 7960 4010 15 place place NN 7960 4010 16 held hold VBN 7960 4010 17 by by IN 7960 4010 18 the the DT 7960 4010 19 Senate Senate NNP 7960 4010 20 . . . 7960 4011 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 4011 2 are be VBP 7960 4011 3 _ _ NNP 7960 4011 4 S. S. NNP 7960 4012 1 P. P. NNP 7960 4012 2 Q. Q. NNP 7960 4012 3 R. R. NNP 7960 4012 4 _ _ NNP 7960 4012 5 , , , 7960 4012 6 standing stand VBG 7960 4012 7 for for IN 7960 4012 8 _ _ NNP 7960 4012 9 Senatus Senatus NNP 7960 4012 10 Populusque Populusque NNP 7960 4012 11 Romanus Romanus NNP 7960 4012 12 _ _ NNP 7960 4012 13 , , , 7960 4012 14 " " `` 7960 4012 15 The the DT 7960 4012 16 Senate Senate NNP 7960 4012 17 and and CC 7960 4012 18 the the DT 7960 4012 19 People People NNPS 7960 4012 20 of of IN 7960 4012 21 Rome Rome NNP 7960 4012 22 . . . 7960 4012 23 " " '' 7960 4013 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 4013 2 24 24 CD 7960 4013 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 4013 4 See see VB 7960 4013 5 page page NN 7960 4013 6 129 129 CD 7960 4013 7 . . . 7960 4014 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 4014 2 25 25 CD 7960 4014 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 4014 4 See see VB 7960 4014 5 page page NN 7960 4014 6 118 118 CD 7960 4014 7 . . . 7960 4015 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 4015 2 26 26 CD 7960 4015 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 4015 4 See see VB 7960 4015 5 page page NN 7960 4015 6 89 89 CD 7960 4015 7 . . . 7960 4016 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 4016 2 27 27 CD 7960 4016 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 4016 4 Plutarch Plutarch NNP 7960 4016 5 , , , 7960 4016 6 _ _ NNP 7960 4016 7 Pyrrhus Pyrrhus NNP 7960 4016 8 _ _ NNP 7960 4016 9 , , , 7960 4016 10 21 21 CD 7960 4016 11 . . . 7960 4017 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 4017 2 28 28 CD 7960 4017 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 4017 4 It -PRON- PRP 7960 4017 5 should should MD 7960 4017 6 be be VB 7960 4017 7 noticed notice VBN 7960 4017 8 , , , 7960 4017 9 however however RB 7960 4017 10 , , , 7960 4017 11 that that IN 7960 4017 12 as as IN 7960 4017 13 yet yet RB 7960 4017 14 Rome Rome NNP 7960 4017 15 controlled control VBN 7960 4017 16 only only RB 7960 4017 17 the the DT 7960 4017 18 central central JJ 7960 4017 19 and and CC 7960 4017 20 southern southern JJ 7960 4017 21 parts part NNS 7960 4017 22 of of IN 7960 4017 23 what what WP 7960 4017 24 is be VBZ 7960 4017 25 the the DT 7960 4017 26 modern modern JJ 7960 4017 27 kingdom kingdom NN 7960 4017 28 of of IN 7960 4017 29 Italy Italy NNP 7960 4017 30 . . . 7960 4018 1 Two two CD 7960 4018 2 large large JJ 7960 4018 3 divisions division NNS 7960 4018 4 of of IN 7960 4018 5 that that DT 7960 4018 6 kingdom kingdom NN 7960 4018 7 , , , 7960 4018 8 which which WDT 7960 4018 9 every every DT 7960 4018 10 Italian Italian NNP 7960 4018 11 now now RB 7960 4018 12 regards regard VBZ 7960 4018 13 as as RB 7960 4018 14 essential essential JJ 7960 4018 15 to to IN 7960 4018 16 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4018 17 unity unity NN 7960 4018 18 , , , 7960 4018 19 were be VBD 7960 4018 20 in in IN 7960 4018 21 other other JJ 7960 4018 22 hands hand NNS 7960 4018 23 -- -- : 7960 4018 24 the the DT 7960 4018 25 Po Po NNP 7960 4018 26 valley valley NN 7960 4018 27 and and CC 7960 4018 28 the the DT 7960 4018 29 island island NN 7960 4018 30 of of IN 7960 4018 31 Sicily Sicily NNP 7960 4018 32 . . . 7960 4019 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 4019 2 29 29 CD 7960 4019 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 4019 4 See see VB 7960 4019 5 page page NN 7960 4019 6 106 106 CD 7960 4019 7 . . . 7960 4020 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 4020 2 30 30 CD 7960 4020 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 4020 4 Latin Latin NNP 7960 4020 5 colonists colonist NNS 7960 4020 6 did do VBD 7960 4020 7 not not RB 7960 4020 8 have have VB 7960 4020 9 the the DT 7960 4020 10 right right NN 7960 4020 11 of of IN 7960 4020 12 voting voting NN 7960 4020 13 in in IN 7960 4020 14 the the DT 7960 4020 15 assemblies assembly NNS 7960 4020 16 at at IN 7960 4020 17 Rome Rome NNP 7960 4020 18 . . . 7960 4021 1 This this DT 7960 4021 2 privilege privilege NN 7960 4021 3 was be VBD 7960 4021 4 enjoyed enjoy VBN 7960 4021 5 , , , 7960 4021 6 however however RB 7960 4021 7 , , , 7960 4021 8 by by IN 7960 4021 9 members member NNS 7960 4021 10 of of IN 7960 4021 11 the the DT 7960 4021 12 " " `` 7960 4021 13 Roman roman JJ 7960 4021 14 " " '' 7960 4021 15 colonies colony NNS 7960 4021 16 , , , 7960 4021 17 which which WDT 7960 4021 18 were be VBD 7960 4021 19 planted plant VBN 7960 4021 20 mainly mainly RB 7960 4021 21 along along IN 7960 4021 22 the the DT 7960 4021 23 coast coast NN 7960 4021 24 . . . 7960 4022 1 See see VB 7960 4022 2 the the DT 7960 4022 3 map map NN 7960 4022 4 , , , 7960 4022 5 page page NN 7960 4022 6 156 156 CD 7960 4022 7 . . . 7960 4023 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 4023 2 31 31 CD 7960 4023 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 4023 4 See see VB 7960 4023 5 page page NN 7960 4023 6 40 40 CD 7960 4023 7 . . . 7960 4024 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 4024 2 32 32 CD 7960 4024 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 4024 4 See see VB 7960 4024 5 page page NN 7960 4024 6 116 116 CD 7960 4024 7 . . . 7960 4025 1 CHAPTER chapter NN 7960 4025 2 VIII viii VBP 7960 4025 3 THE the DT 7960 4025 4 GREAT great JJ 7960 4025 5 AGE age NN 7960 4025 6 OF of IN 7960 4025 7 THE the DT 7960 4025 8 ROMAN ROMAN NNP 7960 4025 9 REPUBLIC REPUBLIC NNP 7960 4025 10 , , , 7960 4025 11 264 264 CD 7960 4025 12 - - SYM 7960 4025 13 31 31 CD 7960 4025 14 B.C. B.C. NNP 7960 4026 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 4026 2 1 1 CD 7960 4026 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 4026 4 56 56 CD 7960 4026 5 . . . 7960 4027 1 THE the DT 7960 4027 2 RIVALS RIVALS NNP 7960 4027 3 : : : 7960 4027 4 ROME ROME NNP 7960 4027 5 AND and CC 7960 4027 6 CARTHAGE carthage NN 7960 4027 7 , , , 7960 4027 8 264 264 CD 7960 4027 9 - - HYPH 7960 4027 10 218 218 CD 7960 4027 11 B.C. B.C. NNP 7960 4028 1 THE the DT 7960 4028 2 PUNIC PUNIC NNP 7960 4028 3 WARS WARS NNP 7960 4028 4 The the DT 7960 4028 5 conquest conquest NN 7960 4028 6 of of IN 7960 4028 7 Italy Italy NNP 7960 4028 8 made make VBD 7960 4028 9 Rome Rome NNP 7960 4028 10 one one CD 7960 4028 11 of of IN 7960 4028 12 the the DT 7960 4028 13 five five CD 7960 4028 14 leading leading JJ 7960 4028 15 states state NNS 7960 4028 16 of of IN 7960 4028 17 the the DT 7960 4028 18 Mediterranean Mediterranean NNP 7960 4028 19 world world NN 7960 4028 20 . . . 7960 4029 1 In in IN 7960 4029 2 the the DT 7960 4029 3 East East NNP 7960 4029 4 there there EX 7960 4029 5 were be VBD 7960 4029 6 the the DT 7960 4029 7 kingdoms kingdom NNS 7960 4029 8 of of IN 7960 4029 9 Macedonia Macedonia NNP 7960 4029 10 , , , 7960 4029 11 Syria Syria NNP 7960 4029 12 , , , 7960 4029 13 and and CC 7960 4029 14 Egypt Egypt NNP 7960 4029 15 , , , 7960 4029 16 which which WDT 7960 4029 17 had have VBD 7960 4029 18 inherited inherit VBN 7960 4029 19 the the DT 7960 4029 20 dominions dominion NNS 7960 4029 21 of of IN 7960 4029 22 Alexander Alexander NNP 7960 4029 23 the the DT 7960 4029 24 Great great JJ 7960 4029 25 . . . 7960 4030 1 In in IN 7960 4030 2 the the DT 7960 4030 3 West West NNP 7960 4030 4 there there EX 7960 4030 5 were be VBD 7960 4030 6 Carthage Carthage NNP 7960 4030 7 and and CC 7960 4030 8 Rome Rome NNP 7960 4030 9 , , , 7960 4030 10 once once RB 7960 4030 11 in in IN 7960 4030 12 friendly friendly JJ 7960 4030 13 alliance alliance NN 7960 4030 14 , , , 7960 4030 15 but but CC 7960 4030 16 now now RB 7960 4030 17 to to TO 7960 4030 18 become become VB 7960 4030 19 the the DT 7960 4030 20 bitterest bitter JJS 7960 4030 21 foes foe NNS 7960 4030 22 . . . 7960 4031 1 Rome Rome NNP 7960 4031 2 had have VBD 7960 4031 3 scarcely scarcely RB 7960 4031 4 reached reach VBN 7960 4031 5 the the DT 7960 4031 6 headship headship NN 7960 4031 7 of of IN 7960 4031 8 united united NNP 7960 4031 9 Italy Italy NNP 7960 4031 10 before before IN 7960 4031 11 she -PRON- PRP 7960 4031 12 was be VBD 7960 4031 13 involved involve VBN 7960 4031 14 in in IN 7960 4031 15 a a DT 7960 4031 16 life life NN 7960 4031 17 - - HYPH 7960 4031 18 and and CC 7960 4031 19 - - HYPH 7960 4031 20 death death NN 7960 4031 21 struggle struggle NN 7960 4031 22 with with IN 7960 4031 23 this this DT 7960 4031 24 rival rival JJ 7960 4031 25 power power NN 7960 4031 26 . . . 7960 4032 1 The the DT 7960 4032 2 three three CD 7960 4032 3 wars war NNS 7960 4032 4 between between IN 7960 4032 5 them -PRON- PRP 7960 4032 6 are be VBP 7960 4032 7 known know VBN 7960 4032 8 as as IN 7960 4032 9 the the DT 7960 4032 10 Punic punic JJ 7960 4032 11 wars war NNS 7960 4032 12 ; 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NNP 7960 4075 1 The the DT 7960 4075 2 steady steady JJ 7960 4075 3 advance advance NN 7960 4075 4 of of IN 7960 4075 5 the the DT 7960 4075 6 Carthaginian carthaginian JJ 7960 4075 7 arms arm NNS 7960 4075 8 in in IN 7960 4075 9 Spain Spain NNP 7960 4075 10 caused cause VBD 7960 4075 11 much much JJ 7960 4075 12 uneasiness uneasiness NN 7960 4075 13 in in IN 7960 4075 14 Rome Rome NNP 7960 4075 15 and and CC 7960 4075 16 at at IN 7960 4075 17 length length NN 7960 4075 18 led lead VBN 7960 4075 19 that that IN 7960 4075 20 city city NN 7960 4075 21 to to TO 7960 4075 22 declare declare VB 7960 4075 23 war war NN 7960 4075 24 . . . 7960 4076 1 Carthage carthage VB 7960 4076 2 herself -PRON- PRP 7960 4076 3 was be VBD 7960 4076 4 not not RB 7960 4076 5 unwilling unwilling JJ 7960 4076 6 for for IN 7960 4076 7 a a DT 7960 4076 8 second second JJ 7960 4076 9 trial trial NN 7960 4076 10 of of IN 7960 4076 11 strength strength NN 7960 4076 12 . . . 7960 4077 1 Her -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4077 2 leading lead VBG 7960 4077 3 general general NN 7960 4077 4 , , , 7960 4077 5 Hannibal Hannibal NNP 7960 4077 6 , , , 7960 4077 7 who who WP 7960 4077 8 had have VBD 7960 4077 9 been be VBN 7960 4077 10 winning win VBG 7960 4077 11 renown renown VBN 7960 4077 12 in in IN 7960 4077 13 Spain Spain NNP 7960 4077 14 , , , 7960 4077 15 believed believe VBD 7960 4077 16 that that IN 7960 4077 17 the the DT 7960 4077 18 Carthaginians Carthaginians NNPS 7960 4077 19 were be VBD 7960 4077 20 now now RB 7960 4077 21 in in IN 7960 4077 22 a a DT 7960 4077 23 position position NN 7960 4077 24 to to TO 7960 4077 25 wage wage VB 7960 4077 26 an an DT 7960 4077 27 aggressive aggressive JJ 7960 4077 28 war war NN 7960 4077 29 against against IN 7960 4077 30 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4077 31 mighty mighty JJ 7960 4077 32 rival rival NN 7960 4077 33 . . . 7960 4078 1 And and CC 7960 4078 2 so so RB 7960 4078 3 the the DT 7960 4078 4 two two CD 7960 4078 5 great great JJ 7960 4078 6 Mediterranean mediterranean JJ 7960 4078 7 powers power NNS 7960 4078 8 , , , 7960 4078 9 each each DT 7960 4078 10 confident confident JJ 7960 4078 11 of of IN 7960 4078 12 success success NN 7960 4078 13 , , , 7960 4078 14 renewed renew VBD 7960 4078 15 the the DT 7960 4078 16 struggle struggle NN 7960 4078 17 for for IN 7960 4078 18 supremacy supremacy NN 7960 4078 19 . . . 7960 4079 1 HANNIBAL HANNIBAL NNP 7960 4079 2 At at IN 7960 4079 3 the the DT 7960 4079 4 opening opening NN 7960 4079 5 of of IN 7960 4079 6 the the DT 7960 4079 7 conflict conflict NN 7960 4079 8 Hannibal Hannibal NNP 7960 4079 9 was be VBD 7960 4079 10 not not RB 7960 4079 11 quite quite RB 7960 4079 12 twenty twenty CD 7960 4079 13 - - HYPH 7960 4079 14 seven seven CD 7960 4079 15 years year NNS 7960 4079 16 of of IN 7960 4079 17 age age NN 7960 4079 18 . . . 7960 4080 1 While while IN 7960 4080 2 yet yet RB 7960 4080 3 a a DT 7960 4080 4 mere mere JJ 7960 4080 5 child child NN 7960 4080 6 , , , 7960 4080 7 so so CC 7960 4080 8 the the DT 7960 4080 9 story story NN 7960 4080 10 went go VBD 7960 4080 11 , , , 7960 4080 12 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4080 13 father father NN 7960 4080 14 had have VBD 7960 4080 15 led lead VBN 7960 4080 16 him -PRON- PRP 7960 4080 17 to to IN 7960 4080 18 the the DT 7960 4080 19 altar altar NN 7960 4080 20 , , , 7960 4080 21 and and CC 7960 4080 22 bade bade VB 7960 4080 23 him -PRON- PRP 7960 4080 24 swear swear VB 7960 4080 25 by by IN 7960 4080 26 the the DT 7960 4080 27 Carthaginian carthaginian JJ 7960 4080 28 gods god NNS 7960 4080 29 eternal eternal JJ 7960 4080 30 enmity enmity NN 7960 4080 31 to to IN 7960 4080 32 Rome Rome NNP 7960 4080 33 . . . 7960 4081 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 4081 2 followed follow VBD 7960 4081 3 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4081 4 father father NN 7960 4081 5 to to IN 7960 4081 6 Spain Spain NNP 7960 4081 7 and and CC 7960 4081 8 there there EX 7960 4081 9 learned learn VBD 7960 4081 10 all all PDT 7960 4081 11 the the DT 7960 4081 12 duties duty NNS 7960 4081 13 of of IN 7960 4081 14 a a DT 7960 4081 15 soldier soldier NN 7960 4081 16 . . . 7960 4082 1 As as IN 7960 4082 2 a a DT 7960 4082 3 master master NN 7960 4082 4 of of IN 7960 4082 5 the the DT 7960 4082 6 art art NN 7960 4082 7 of of IN 7960 4082 8 war war NN 7960 4082 9 , , , 7960 4082 10 he -PRON- PRP 7960 4082 11 ranks rank VBZ 7960 4082 12 with with IN 7960 4082 13 Alexander Alexander NNP 7960 4082 14 the the DT 7960 4082 15 Great great JJ 7960 4082 16 . . . 7960 4083 1 The the DT 7960 4083 2 Macedonian macedonian JJ 7960 4083 3 king king NN 7960 4083 4 conquered conquer VBD 7960 4083 5 the the DT 7960 4083 6 world world NN 7960 4083 7 for for IN 7960 4083 8 the the DT 7960 4083 9 glory glory NN 7960 4083 10 of of IN 7960 4083 11 conquest conquest NNP 7960 4083 12 ; 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NNP 7960 4091 1 Hannibal Hannibal NNP 7960 4091 2 set set VBD 7960 4091 3 out out RP 7960 4091 4 from from IN 7960 4091 5 Spain Spain NNP 7960 4091 6 with with IN 7960 4091 7 a a DT 7960 4091 8 large large JJ 7960 4091 9 force force NN 7960 4091 10 of of IN 7960 4091 11 infantry infantry NNP 7960 4091 12 and and CC 7960 4091 13 cavalry cavalry NNP 7960 4091 14 , , , 7960 4091 15 besides besides IN 7960 4091 16 a a DT 7960 4091 17 number number NN 7960 4091 18 of of IN 7960 4091 19 elephants elephant NNS 7960 4091 20 . . . 7960 4092 1 Beyond beyond IN 7960 4092 2 the the DT 7960 4092 3 river river NN 7960 4092 4 Ebro Ebro NNP 7960 4092 5 he -PRON- PRP 7960 4092 6 found find VBD 7960 4092 7 himself -PRON- PRP 7960 4092 8 in in IN 7960 4092 9 hostile hostile JJ 7960 4092 10 territory territory NN 7960 4092 11 , , , 7960 4092 12 through through IN 7960 4092 13 which which WDT 7960 4092 14 the the DT 7960 4092 15 soldiers soldier NNS 7960 4092 16 had have VBD 7960 4092 17 to to TO 7960 4092 18 fight fight VB 7960 4092 19 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4092 20 way way NN 7960 4092 21 . . . 7960 4093 1 To to TO 7960 4093 2 force force VB 7960 4093 3 the the DT 7960 4093 4 passage passage NN 7960 4093 5 of of IN 7960 4093 6 the the DT 7960 4093 7 Pyrenees Pyrenees NNPS 7960 4093 8 and and CC 7960 4093 9 the the DT 7960 4093 10 Alps Alps NNPS 7960 4093 11 cost cost VBD 7960 4093 12 him -PRON- PRP 7960 4093 13 more more JJR 7960 4093 14 than than IN 7960 4093 15 half half PDT 7960 4093 16 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4093 17 original original JJ 7960 4093 18 army army NN 7960 4093 19 . . . 7960 4094 1 When when WRB 7960 4094 2 , , , 7960 4094 3 after after IN 7960 4094 4 a a DT 7960 4094 5 five five CD 7960 4094 6 months month NNS 7960 4094 7 ' ' POS 7960 4094 8 march march NN 7960 4094 9 he -PRON- PRP 7960 4094 10 stood stand VBD 7960 4094 11 on on IN 7960 4094 12 the the DT 7960 4094 13 soil soil NN 7960 4094 14 of of IN 7960 4094 15 Italy Italy NNP 7960 4094 16 , , , 7960 4094 17 Hannibal Hannibal NNP 7960 4094 18 had have VBD 7960 4094 19 scarcely scarcely RB 7960 4094 20 twenty twenty CD 7960 4094 21 - - HYPH 7960 4094 22 five five CD 7960 4094 23 thousand thousand CD 7960 4094 24 troops troop NNS 7960 4094 25 with with IN 7960 4094 26 which which WDT 7960 4094 27 to to TO 7960 4094 28 meet meet VB 7960 4094 29 the the DT 7960 4094 30 immense immense JJ 7960 4094 31 power power NN 7960 4094 32 of of IN 7960 4094 33 Rome Rome NNP 7960 4094 34 -- -- : 7960 4094 35 a a DT 7960 4094 36 power power NN 7960 4094 37 that that WDT 7960 4094 38 , , , 7960 4094 39 given give VBN 7960 4094 40 time time NN 7960 4094 41 , , , 7960 4094 42 could could MD 7960 4094 43 muster muster VB 7960 4094 44 to to IN 7960 4094 45 her -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4094 46 defense defense NN 7960 4094 47 more more JJR 7960 4094 48 than than IN 7960 4094 49 half half PDT 7960 4094 50 a a DT 7960 4094 51 million million CD 7960 4094 52 disciplined disciplined JJ 7960 4094 53 soldiers soldier NNS 7960 4094 54 . 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7960 4096 20 fight fight VB 7960 4096 21 for for IN 7960 4096 22 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4096 23 own own JJ 7960 4096 24 homes home NNS 7960 4096 25 and and CC 7960 4096 26 firesides fireside NNS 7960 4096 27 . . . 7960 4097 1 The the DT 7960 4097 2 first first JJ 7960 4097 3 battles battle NNS 7960 4097 4 were be VBD 7960 4097 5 complete complete JJ 7960 4097 6 victories victory NNS 7960 4097 7 for for IN 7960 4097 8 the the DT 7960 4097 9 Carthaginians Carthaginians NNPS 7960 4097 10 and and CC 7960 4097 11 opened open VBD 7960 4097 12 the the DT 7960 4097 13 road road NN 7960 4097 14 to to IN 7960 4097 15 Rome Rome NNP 7960 4097 16 . . . 7960 4098 1 Hannibal Hannibal NNP 7960 4098 2 's 's POS 7960 4098 3 plans plan NNS 7960 4098 4 , , , 7960 4098 5 however however RB 7960 4098 6 , , , 7960 4098 7 did do VBD 7960 4098 8 not not RB 7960 4098 9 include include VB 7960 4098 10 a a DT 7960 4098 11 siege siege NN 7960 4098 12 of of IN 7960 4098 13 the the DT 7960 4098 14 capital capital NN 7960 4098 15 . . . 7960 4099 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 4099 2 would would MD 7960 4099 3 not not RB 7960 4099 4 shatter shatter VB 7960 4099 5 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4099 6 victorious victorious JJ 7960 4099 7 army army NN 7960 4099 8 in in IN 7960 4099 9 an an DT 7960 4099 10 assault assault NN 7960 4099 11 on on IN 7960 4099 12 a a DT 7960 4099 13 fortified fortified JJ 7960 4099 14 town town NN 7960 4099 15 . . . 7960 4100 1 Hannibal Hannibal NNP 7960 4100 2 's 's POS 7960 4100 3 real real JJ 7960 4100 4 object object NN 7960 4100 5 was be VBD 7960 4100 6 to to TO 7960 4100 7 bring bring VB 7960 4100 8 the the DT 7960 4100 9 Italians Italians NNPS 7960 4100 10 over over RB 7960 4100 11 to to IN 7960 4100 12 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4100 13 side side NN 7960 4100 14 , , , 7960 4100 15 to to TO 7960 4100 16 ruin ruin VB 7960 4100 17 Rome Rome NNP 7960 4100 18 through through IN 7960 4100 19 the the DT 7960 4100 20 revolts revolt NNS 7960 4100 21 of of IN 7960 4100 22 her -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4100 23 allies ally NNS 7960 4100 24 . . . 7960 4101 1 But but CC 7960 4101 2 now now RB 7960 4101 3 he -PRON- PRP 7960 4101 4 learned learn VBD 7960 4101 5 , , , 7960 4101 6 apparently apparently RB 7960 4101 7 for for IN 7960 4101 8 the the DT 7960 4101 9 first first JJ 7960 4101 10 time time NN 7960 4101 11 , , , 7960 4101 12 that that IN 7960 4101 13 Italy Italy NNP 7960 4101 14 was be VBD 7960 4101 15 studded stud VBN 7960 4101 16 with with IN 7960 4101 17 Latin latin JJ 7960 4101 18 colonies colony NNS 7960 4101 19 , , , 7960 4101 20 [ [ -LRB- 7960 4101 21 3 3 LS 7960 4101 22 ] ] -RRB- 7960 4101 23 each each DT 7960 4101 24 a a DT 7960 4101 25 miniature miniature JJ 7960 4101 26 Rome Rome NNP 7960 4101 27 , , , 7960 4101 28 each each DT 7960 4101 29 prepared prepare VBN 7960 4101 30 to to TO 7960 4101 31 resist resist VB 7960 4101 32 to to IN 7960 4101 33 the the DT 7960 4101 34 bitter bitter JJ 7960 4101 35 end end NN 7960 4101 36 . . . 7960 4102 1 Not not RB 7960 4102 2 a a DT 7960 4102 3 single single JJ 7960 4102 4 city city NN 7960 4102 5 opened open VBD 7960 4102 6 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4102 7 gates gate NNS 7960 4102 8 to to IN 7960 4102 9 the the DT 7960 4102 10 invader invader NN 7960 4102 11 . . . 7960 4103 1 On on IN 7960 4103 2 such such JJ 7960 4103 3 solid solid JJ 7960 4103 4 foundations foundation NNS 7960 4103 5 rested rest VBD 7960 4103 6 Roman roman JJ 7960 4103 7 rule rule NN 7960 4103 8 in in IN 7960 4103 9 Italy Italy NNP 7960 4103 10 . . . 7960 4104 1 A a DT 7960 4104 2 DICTATORSHIP DICTATORSHIP NNP 7960 4104 3 The the DT 7960 4104 4 Senate Senate NNP 7960 4104 5 faced face VBD 7960 4104 6 the the DT 7960 4104 7 crisis crisis NN 7960 4104 8 with with IN 7960 4104 9 characteristic characteristic JJ 7960 4104 10 energy energy NN 7960 4104 11 . . . 7960 4105 1 New new JJ 7960 4105 2 forces force NNS 7960 4105 3 were be VBD 7960 4105 4 raised raise VBN 7960 4105 5 and and CC 7960 4105 6 intrusted intrust VBN 7960 4105 7 to to IN 7960 4105 8 a a DT 7960 4105 9 dictator dictator NN 7960 4105 10 , , , 7960 4105 11 [ [ -LRB- 7960 4105 12 4 4 CD 7960 4105 13 ] ] -RRB- 7960 4105 14 Quintus Quintus NNP 7960 4105 15 Fabius Fabius NNP 7960 4105 16 Maximus Maximus NNP 7960 4105 17 . . . 7960 4106 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 4106 2 refused refuse VBD 7960 4106 3 to to TO 7960 4106 4 meet meet VB 7960 4106 5 Hannibal Hannibal NNP 7960 4106 6 in in IN 7960 4106 7 a a DT 7960 4106 8 pitched pitch VBN 7960 4106 9 battle battle NN 7960 4106 10 , , , 7960 4106 11 but but CC 7960 4106 12 followed follow VBD 7960 4106 13 doggedly doggedly RB 7960 4106 14 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4106 15 enemy enemy NN 7960 4106 16 's 's POS 7960 4106 17 footsteps footstep NNS 7960 4106 18 , , , 7960 4106 19 meanwhile meanwhile RB 7960 4106 20 drilling drill VBG 7960 4106 21 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4106 22 soldiers soldier NNS 7960 4106 23 to to TO 7960 4106 24 become become VB 7960 4106 25 a a DT 7960 4106 26 match match NN 7960 4106 27 for for IN 7960 4106 28 the the DT 7960 4106 29 Carthaginian carthaginian JJ 7960 4106 30 veterans veteran NNS 7960 4106 31 . . . 7960 4107 1 This this DT 7960 4107 2 strategy strategy NN 7960 4107 3 was be VBD 7960 4107 4 little little JJ 7960 4107 5 to to IN 7960 4107 6 the the DT 7960 4107 7 taste taste NN 7960 4107 8 of of IN 7960 4107 9 the the DT 7960 4107 10 Roman roman JJ 7960 4107 11 populace populace NN 7960 4107 12 , , , 7960 4107 13 who who WP 7960 4107 14 nicknamed nickname VBD 7960 4107 15 Fabius Fabius NNP 7960 4107 16 _ _ NNP 7960 4107 17 Cunctator Cunctator NNP 7960 4107 18 _ _ NNP 7960 4107 19 , , , 7960 4107 20 " " '' 7960 4107 21 the the DT 7960 4107 22 Laggard Laggard NNP 7960 4107 23 . . . 7960 4107 24 " " '' 7960 4108 1 However however RB 7960 4108 2 , , , 7960 4108 3 it -PRON- PRP 7960 4108 4 gave give VBD 7960 4108 5 Rome Rome NNP 7960 4108 6 a a DT 7960 4108 7 brief brief JJ 7960 4108 8 breathing breathing NN 7960 4108 9 space space NN 7960 4108 10 , , , 7960 4108 11 until until IN 7960 4108 12 her 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4110 6 B.C. B.C. NNP 7960 4111 1 After after IN 7960 4111 2 the the DT 7960 4111 3 term term NN 7960 4111 4 of of IN 7960 4111 5 Fabius Fabius NNP 7960 4111 6 as as IN 7960 4111 7 dictator dictator NN 7960 4111 8 had have VBD 7960 4111 9 expired expire VBN 7960 4111 10 , , , 7960 4111 11 new new JJ 7960 4111 12 consuls consul NNS 7960 4111 13 were be VBD 7960 4111 14 chosen choose VBN 7960 4111 15 . . . 7960 4112 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 4112 2 commanded command VBD 7960 4112 3 the the DT 7960 4112 4 largest large JJS 7960 4112 5 army army NN 7960 4112 6 Rome Rome NNP 7960 4112 7 had have VBD 7960 4112 8 ever ever RB 7960 4112 9 put put VBN 7960 4112 10 in in IN 7960 4112 11 the the DT 7960 4112 12 field field NN 7960 4112 13 . . . 7960 4113 1 The the DT 7960 4113 2 opposing oppose VBG 7960 4113 3 forces force NNS 7960 4113 4 met meet VBD 7960 4113 5 at at IN 7960 4113 6 Cannae Cannae NNP 7960 4113 7 in in IN 7960 4113 8 Apulia Apulia NNP 7960 4113 9 . . . 7960 4114 1 The the DT 7960 4114 2 Carthaginians Carthaginians NNPS 7960 4114 3 numbered number VBD 7960 4114 4 less less JJR 7960 4114 5 than than IN 7960 4114 6 fifty fifty CD 7960 4114 7 thousand thousand CD 7960 4114 8 men man NNS 7960 4114 9 ; 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B.C. NNP 7960 4128 13 ) ) -RRB- 7960 4129 1 met meet VBD 7960 4129 2 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4129 3 first first JJ 7960 4129 4 and and CC 7960 4129 5 only only JJ 7960 4129 6 defeat defeat NN 7960 4129 7 . . . 7960 4130 1 Scipio Scipio NNP 7960 4130 2 , , , 7960 4130 3 the the DT 7960 4130 4 victor victor NN 7960 4130 5 , , , 7960 4130 6 received receive VBD 7960 4130 7 the the DT 7960 4130 8 proud proud JJ 7960 4130 9 surname surname NN 7960 4130 10 , , , 7960 4130 11 _ _ NNP 7960 4130 12 Africanus Africanus NNP 7960 4130 13 _ _ NNP 7960 4130 14 . . . 7960 4131 1 PEACE peace NN 7960 4131 2 IN in IN 7960 4131 3 201 201 CD 7960 4131 4 B.C. B.C. NNS 7960 4132 1 Exhausted exhausted JJ 7960 4132 2 Carthage carthage NN 7960 4132 3 could could MD 7960 4132 4 now now RB 7960 4132 5 do do VB 7960 4132 6 no no DT 7960 4132 7 more more JJR 7960 4132 8 than than IN 7960 4132 9 sue sue VB 7960 4132 10 for for IN 7960 4132 11 peace peace NN 7960 4132 12 on on IN 7960 4132 13 any any DT 7960 4132 14 terms term NNS 7960 4132 15 that that WDT 7960 4132 16 Rome Rome NNP 7960 4132 17 was be VBD 7960 4132 18 willing willing JJ 7960 4132 19 to to TO 7960 4132 20 grant grant VB 7960 4132 21 . . . 7960 4133 1 In in IN 7960 4133 2 the the DT 7960 4133 3 hour hour NN 7960 4133 4 of of IN 7960 4133 5 defeat defeat NN 7960 4133 6 she -PRON- PRP 7960 4133 7 still still RB 7960 4133 8 trusted trust VBD 7960 4133 9 her -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4133 10 mighty mighty JJ 7960 4133 11 soldier soldier NN 7960 4133 12 , , , 7960 4133 13 and and CC 7960 4133 14 it -PRON- PRP 7960 4133 15 was be VBD 7960 4133 16 Hannibal Hannibal NNP 7960 4133 17 who who WP 7960 4133 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12 in in IN 7960 4136 13 no no DT 7960 4136 14 war war NN 7960 4136 15 without without IN 7960 4136 16 the the DT 7960 4136 17 consent consent NN 7960 4136 18 of of IN 7960 4136 19 Rome Rome NNP 7960 4136 20 . . . 7960 4137 1 Carthage carthage NN 7960 4137 2 thus thus RB 7960 4137 3 became become VBD 7960 4137 4 a a DT 7960 4137 5 dependent dependent JJ 7960 4137 6 ally ally NN 7960 4137 7 of of IN 7960 4137 8 the the DT 7960 4137 9 Roman roman JJ 7960 4137 10 city city NN 7960 4137 11 . . . 7960 4138 1 VICTORIOUS victorious JJ 7960 4138 2 ROME ROME NNP 7960 4138 3 In in IN 7960 4138 4 describing describe VBG 7960 4138 5 the the DT 7960 4138 6 course course NN 7960 4138 7 and and CC 7960 4138 8 outcome outcome NN 7960 4138 9 of of IN 7960 4138 10 the the DT 7960 4138 11 Second Second NNP 7960 4138 12 Punic Punic NNP 7960 4138 13 War War NNP 7960 4138 14 our -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4138 15 sympathies sympathy NNS 7960 4138 16 naturally naturally RB 7960 4138 17 go go VBP 7960 4138 18 out out 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4139 20 progress progress NN 7960 4139 21 of of IN 7960 4139 22 classical classical JJ 7960 4139 23 civilization civilization NN 7960 4139 24 . . . 7960 4140 1 The the DT 7960 4140 2 triumph triumph NN 7960 4140 3 of of IN 7960 4140 4 Carthage carthage NN 7960 4140 5 in in IN 7960 4140 6 the the DT 7960 4140 7 third third JJ 7960 4140 8 century century NN 7960 4140 9 , , , 7960 4140 10 like like IN 7960 4140 11 that that DT 7960 4140 12 of of IN 7960 4140 13 Persia Persia NNP 7960 4140 14 in in IN 7960 4140 15 the the DT 7960 4140 16 fifth fifth JJ 7960 4140 17 century century NN 7960 4140 18 , , , 7960 4140 19 [ [ -LRB- 7960 4140 20 6 6 CD 7960 4140 21 ] ] -RRB- 7960 4140 22 must must MD 7960 4140 23 have have VB 7960 4140 24 resulted result VBN 7960 4140 25 in in IN 7960 4140 26 the the DT 7960 4140 27 spread spread NN 7960 4140 28 of of IN 7960 4140 29 Oriental oriental JJ 7960 4140 30 ideas idea NNS 7960 4140 31 and and CC 7960 4140 32 customs custom NNS 7960 4140 33 throughout 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NNP 7960 4145 1 Carthage carthage NN 7960 4145 2 had have VBD 7960 4145 3 been be VBN 7960 4145 4 humbled humble VBN 7960 4145 5 , , , 7960 4145 6 but but CC 7960 4145 7 not not RB 7960 4145 8 destroyed destroy VBN 7960 4145 9 . . . 7960 4146 1 She -PRON- PRP 7960 4146 2 still still RB 7960 4146 3 enjoyed enjoy VBD 7960 4146 4 the the DT 7960 4146 5 advantages advantage NNS 7960 4146 6 of of IN 7960 4146 7 her -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4146 8 magnificent magnificent JJ 7960 4146 9 situation situation NN 7960 4146 10 and and CC 7960 4146 11 continued continue VBD 7960 4146 12 to to TO 7960 4146 13 be be VB 7960 4146 14 a a DT 7960 4146 15 competitor competitor NN 7960 4146 16 of of IN 7960 4146 17 Rome Rome NNP 7960 4146 18 for for IN 7960 4146 19 the the DT 7960 4146 20 trade trade NN 7960 4146 21 of of IN 7960 4146 22 the the DT 7960 4146 23 Mediterranean Mediterranean NNP 7960 4146 24 . . . 7960 4147 1 The the DT 7960 4147 2 Romans Romans NNPS 7960 4147 3 watched watch VBD 7960 4147 4 with with IN 7960 4147 5 jealousy jealousy NN 7960 4147 6 the the DT 7960 4147 7 reviving revive VBG 7960 4147 8 strength strength NN 7960 4147 9 of of IN 7960 4147 10 the the DT 7960 4147 11 Punic punic JJ 7960 4147 12 city city NN 7960 4147 13 and and CC 7960 4147 14 at at IN 7960 4147 15 last last RB 7960 4147 16 determined determined JJ 7960 4147 17 to to TO 7960 4147 18 blot blot VB 7960 4147 19 it -PRON- PRP 7960 4147 20 out out IN 7960 4147 21 of of IN 7960 4147 22 existence existence NN 7960 4147 23 . . . 7960 4148 1 In in IN 7960 4148 2 149 149 CD 7960 4148 3 B.C. B.C. 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7960 4168 11 she -PRON- PRP 7960 4168 12 had have VBD 7960 4168 13 begun begin VBN 7960 4168 14 in in IN 7960 4168 15 Italy Italy NNP 7960 4168 16 . . . 7960 4169 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 4169 2 8 8 CD 7960 4169 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 4169 4 She -PRON- PRP 7960 4169 5 was be VBD 7960 4169 6 to to TO 7960 4169 7 repeat repeat VB 7960 4169 8 this this DT 7960 4169 9 process process NN 7960 4169 10 in in IN 7960 4169 11 Gaul Gaul NNP 7960 4169 12 and and CC 7960 4169 13 Britain Britain NNP 7960 4169 14 . . . 7960 4170 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 4170 2 9 9 CD 7960 4170 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 4170 4 Her -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4170 5 way way NN 7960 4170 6 was be VBD 7960 4170 7 prepared prepare VBN 7960 4170 8 by by IN 7960 4170 9 the the DT 7960 4170 10 sword sword NN 7960 4170 11 ; ; : 7960 4170 12 but but CC 7960 4170 13 after after IN 7960 4170 14 the the DT 7960 4170 15 sword sword NN 7960 4170 16 came come VBD 7960 4170 17 civilization civilization NN 7960 4170 18 . . . 7960 4171 1 ROME ROME NNP 7960 4171 2 AND and CC 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NNP 7960 4180 4 , , , 7960 4180 5 the the DT 7960 4180 6 same same JJ 7960 4180 7 year year NN 7960 4180 8 in in IN 7960 4180 9 which which WDT 7960 4180 10 the the DT 7960 4180 11 destruction destruction NN 7960 4180 12 of of IN 7960 4180 13 Carthage carthage NN 7960 4180 14 occurred occur VBD 7960 4180 15 , , , 7960 4180 16 Corinth Corinth NNP 7960 4180 17 was be VBD 7960 4180 18 sacked sack VBN 7960 4180 19 and and CC 7960 4180 20 burned burn VBN 7960 4180 21 to to IN 7960 4180 22 the the DT 7960 4180 23 ground ground NN 7960 4180 24 . . . 7960 4181 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 4181 2 10 10 CD 7960 4181 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 4181 4 The the DT 7960 4181 5 fall fall NN 7960 4181 6 of of IN 7960 4181 7 Corinth Corinth NNP 7960 4181 8 may may MD 7960 4181 9 be be VB 7960 4181 10 said say VBN 7960 4181 11 to to TO 7960 4181 12 mark mark VB 7960 4181 13 the the DT 7960 4181 14 final final JJ 7960 4181 15 extinction extinction NN 7960 4181 16 of of IN 7960 4181 17 Greek greek JJ 7960 4181 18 liberty liberty NN 7960 4181 19 . . . 7960 4182 1 Though though IN 7960 4182 2 the the DT 7960 4182 3 Hellenic Hellenic NNP 7960 4182 4 cities city NNS 7960 4182 5 and and CC 7960 4182 6 states state NNS 7960 4182 7 were be VBD 7960 4182 8 allowed allow VBN 7960 4182 9 to to TO 7960 4182 10 rule rule VB 7960 4182 11 themselves -PRON- PRP 7960 4182 12 , , , 7960 4182 13 they -PRON- PRP 7960 4182 14 paid pay VBD 7960 4182 15 tribute tribute NN 7960 4182 16 and and CC 7960 4182 17 thus thus RB 7960 4182 18 acknowledged acknowledge VBD 7960 4182 19 the the DT 7960 4182 20 supremacy supremacy NN 7960 4182 21 of of IN 7960 4182 22 Rome Rome NNP 7960 4182 23 . . . 7960 4183 1 A a DT 7960 4183 2 century century NN 7960 4183 3 later later RB 7960 4183 4 , , , 7960 4183 5 Greece Greece NNP 7960 4183 6 became become VBD 7960 4183 7 in in IN 7960 4183 8 name name NN 7960 4183 9 , , , 7960 4183 10 as as RB 7960 4183 11 well well RB 7960 4183 12 as as IN 7960 4183 13 in in IN 7960 4183 14 fact fact NN 7960 4183 15 , , , 7960 4183 16 a a DT 7960 4183 17 province province NN 7960 4183 18 of of IN 7960 4183 19 the the DT 7960 4183 20 Roman Roman NNP 7960 4183 21 Empire Empire NNP 7960 4183 22 . . . 7960 4184 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 4184 2 11 11 CD 7960 4184 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 4184 4 ROME ROME NNP 7960 4184 5 AND and CC 7960 4184 6 SYRIA SYRIA NNP 7960 4184 7 Rome Rome NNP 7960 4184 8 , , , 7960 4184 9 in in IN 7960 4184 10 the the DT 7960 4184 11 meantime meantime NN 7960 4184 12 , , , 7960 4184 13 was be VBD 7960 4184 14 drawn draw VBN 7960 4184 15 into into IN 7960 4184 16 a a DT 7960 4184 17 conflict conflict NN 7960 4184 18 with with IN 7960 4184 19 the the DT 7960 4184 20 kingdom kingdom NN 7960 4184 21 of of IN 7960 4184 22 Syria Syria NNP 7960 4184 23 . . . 7960 4185 1 That that DT 7960 4185 2 Asiatic asiatic JJ 7960 4185 3 power power NN 7960 4185 4 proved prove VBD 7960 4185 5 to to TO 7960 4185 6 be be VB 7960 4185 7 no no DT 7960 4185 8 more more RBR 7960 4185 9 capable capable JJ 7960 4185 10 than than IN 7960 4185 11 Macedonia Macedonia NNP 7960 4185 12 of of IN 7960 4185 13 checking check VBG 7960 4185 14 the the DT 7960 4185 15 Roman roman JJ 7960 4185 16 advance advance NN 7960 4185 17 . . . 7960 4186 1 The the DT 7960 4186 2 Syrian syrian JJ 7960 4186 3 king king NN 7960 4186 4 had have VBD 7960 4186 5 to to TO 7960 4186 6 give give VB 7960 4186 7 up up RP 7960 4186 8 the the DT 7960 4186 9 greater great JJR 7960 4186 10 part part NN 7960 4186 11 of of IN 7960 4186 12 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4186 13 possessions possession NNS 7960 4186 14 in in IN 7960 4186 15 Asia Asia NNP 7960 4186 16 Minor Minor NNP 7960 4186 17 . . . 7960 4187 1 The the DT 7960 4187 2 western western JJ 7960 4187 3 part part NN 7960 4187 4 of of IN 7960 4187 5 the the DT 7960 4187 6 peninsula peninsula NN 7960 4187 7 , , , 7960 4187 8 together together RB 7960 4187 9 with with IN 7960 4187 10 the the DT 7960 4187 11 Greek greek JJ 7960 4187 12 cities city NNS 7960 4187 13 on on IN 7960 4187 14 the the DT 7960 4187 15 coast coast NN 7960 4187 16 , , , 7960 4187 17 was be VBD 7960 4187 18 formed form VBN 7960 4187 19 in in IN 7960 4187 20 133 133 CD 7960 4187 21 B.C. B.C. NNP 7960 4188 1 into into IN 7960 4188 2 the the DT 7960 4188 3 province province NN 7960 4188 4 of of IN 7960 4188 5 Asia Asia NNP 7960 4188 6 . . . 7960 4189 1 Thus thus RB 7960 4189 2 the the DT 7960 4189 3 same same JJ 7960 4189 4 year year NN 7960 4189 5 that that WDT 7960 4189 6 witnessed witness VBD 7960 4189 7 the the DT 7960 4189 8 complete complete JJ 7960 4189 9 establishment establishment NN 7960 4189 10 of of IN 7960 4189 11 Roman roman JJ 7960 4189 12 rule rule NN 7960 4189 13 in in IN 7960 4189 14 Spain Spain NNP 7960 4189 15 saw see VBD 7960 4189 16 Rome Rome NNP 7960 4189 17 gain gain VB 7960 4189 18 her -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4189 19 first first JJ 7960 4189 20 possessions possession NNS 7960 4189 21 at at IN 7960 4189 22 the the DT 7960 4189 23 opposite opposite JJ 7960 4189 24 end end NN 7960 4189 25 of of IN 7960 4189 26 the the DT 7960 4189 27 Mediterranean Mediterranean NNP 7960 4189 28 . . . 7960 4190 1 POLITICAL POLITICAL NNP 7960 4190 2 SITUATION situation NN 7960 4190 3 IN in IN 7960 4190 4 133 133 CD 7960 4190 5 B.C. 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NNP 7960 4195 1 no no DT 7960 4195 2 other other JJ 7960 4195 3 power power NN 7960 4195 4 existed exist VBD 7960 4195 5 to to TO 7960 4195 6 match match VB 7960 4195 7 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4195 8 strength strength NN 7960 4195 9 with with IN 7960 4195 10 that that DT 7960 4195 11 of of IN 7960 4195 12 Rome Rome NNP 7960 4195 13 . . . 7960 4196 1 To to IN 7960 4196 2 her -PRON- PRP 7960 4196 3 had have VBD 7960 4196 4 fallen fall VBN 7960 4196 5 in in IN 7960 4196 6 the the DT 7960 4196 7 West West NNP 7960 4196 8 the the DT 7960 4196 9 heritage heritage NN 7960 4196 10 of of IN 7960 4196 11 Carthage Carthage NNP 7960 4196 12 , , , 7960 4196 13 in in IN 7960 4196 14 the the DT 7960 4196 15 East East NNP 7960 4196 16 the the DT 7960 4196 17 heritage heritage NN 7960 4196 18 of of IN 7960 4196 19 Alexander Alexander NNP 7960 4196 20 . . . 7960 4197 1 Rome Rome NNP 7960 4197 2 had have VBD 7960 4197 3 built build VBN 7960 4197 4 up up RP 7960 4197 5 this this DT 7960 4197 6 mighty mighty JJ 7960 4197 7 empire empire NN 7960 4197 8 at at IN 7960 4197 9 a a DT 7960 4197 10 terrible terrible JJ 7960 4197 11 cost cost NN 7960 4197 12 in in IN 7960 4197 13 blood blood NN 7960 4197 14 and and CC 7960 4197 15 treasure treasure NN 7960 4197 16 . . . 7960 4198 1 Let let VB 7960 4198 2 us -PRON- PRP 7960 4198 3 see see VB 7960 4198 4 what what WP 7960 4198 5 use use NN 7960 4198 6 she -PRON- PRP 7960 4198 7 was be VBD 7960 4198 8 to to TO 7960 4198 9 make make VB 7960 4198 10 of of IN 7960 4198 11 it -PRON- PRP 7960 4198 12 . . . 7960 4199 1 59 59 CD 7960 4199 2 . . . 7960 4200 1 THE the DT 7960 4200 2 MEDITERRANEAN MEDITERRANEAN NNP 7960 4200 3 WORLD WORLD NNP 7960 4200 4 UNDER under IN 7960 4200 5 ROMAN ROMAN NNP 7960 4200 6 RULE rule NN 7960 4200 7 CREATION creation NN 7960 4200 8 OF of IN 7960 4200 9 THE the DT 7960 4200 10 PROVINCIAL provincial NN 7960 4200 11 SYSTEM SYSTEM NNP 7960 4200 12 Rome Rome NNP 7960 4200 13 's 's POS 7960 4200 14 dealings dealing NNS 7960 4200 15 with with IN 7960 4200 16 the the DT 7960 4200 17 new new JJ 7960 4200 18 dependencies dependency NNS 7960 4200 19 across across IN 7960 4200 20 the the DT 7960 4200 21 sea sea NN 7960 4200 22 did do VBD 7960 4200 23 not not RB 7960 4200 24 follow follow VB 7960 4200 25 the the DT 7960 4200 26 methods method NNS 7960 4200 27 that that WDT 7960 4200 28 had have VBD 7960 4200 29 proved prove VBN 7960 4200 30 so so RB 7960 4200 31 successful successful JJ 7960 4200 32 in in IN 7960 4200 33 Italy Italy NNP 7960 4200 34 . . . 7960 4201 1 The the DT 7960 4201 2 Italian italian JJ 7960 4201 3 peoples people NNS 7960 4201 4 had have VBD 7960 4201 5 been be VBN 7960 4201 6 treated treat VBN 7960 4201 7 with with IN 7960 4201 8 great great JJ 7960 4201 9 liberality liberality NN 7960 4201 10 . . . 7960 4202 1 Rome Rome NNP 7960 4202 2 regarded regard VBD 7960 4202 3 them -PRON- PRP 7960 4202 4 as as IN 7960 4202 5 allies ally NNS 7960 4202 6 , , , 7960 4202 7 exempted exempt VBD 7960 4202 8 them -PRON- PRP 7960 4202 9 from from IN 7960 4202 10 certain certain JJ 7960 4202 11 taxes taxis NNS 7960 4202 12 , , , 7960 4202 13 and and CC 7960 4202 14 in in IN 7960 4202 15 many many JJ 7960 4202 16 instances instance NNS 7960 4202 17 gave give VBD 7960 4202 18 them -PRON- PRP 7960 4202 19 Roman roman JJ 7960 4202 20 citizenship citizenship NN 7960 4202 21 . . . 7960 4203 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 4203 2 did do VBD 7960 4203 3 not not RB 7960 4203 4 seem seem VB 7960 4203 5 possible possible JJ 7960 4203 6 to to TO 7960 4203 7 extend extend VB 7960 4203 8 this this DT 7960 4203 9 wise wise JJ 7960 4203 10 policy policy NN 7960 4203 11 to to TO 7960 4203 12 remote remote VB 7960 4203 13 and and CC 7960 4203 14 often often RB 7960 4203 15 barbarous barbarous JJ 7960 4203 16 lands land NNS 7960 4203 17 beyond beyond IN 7960 4203 18 the the DT 7960 4203 19 borders border NNS 7960 4203 20 of of IN 7960 4203 21 Italy Italy NNP 7960 4203 22 . . . 7960 4204 1 Rome Rome NNP 7960 4204 2 adopted adopt VBN 7960 4204 3 , , , 7960 4204 4 instead instead RB 7960 4204 5 , , , 7960 4204 6 much much RB 7960 4204 7 the the DT 7960 4204 8 same same JJ 7960 4204 9 system system NN 7960 4204 10 of of IN 7960 4204 11 imperial imperial JJ 7960 4204 12 rule rule NN 7960 4204 13 that that WDT 7960 4204 14 had have VBD 7960 4204 15 been be VBN 7960 4204 16 previously previously RB 7960 4204 17 followed follow VBN 7960 4204 18 by by IN 7960 4204 19 Persia Persia NNP 7960 4204 20 and and CC 7960 4204 21 by by IN 7960 4204 22 Athens Athens NNP 7960 4204 23 . . . 7960 4205 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 4205 2 12 12 CD 7960 4205 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 4205 4 She -PRON- PRP 7960 4205 5 treated treat VBD 7960 4205 6 the the DT 7960 4205 7 foreign foreign JJ 7960 4205 8 peoples people NNS 7960 4205 9 from from IN 7960 4205 10 Spain Spain NNP 7960 4205 11 to to IN 7960 4205 12 Asia Asia NNP 7960 4205 13 as as IN 7960 4205 14 subjects subject NNS 7960 4205 15 and and CC 7960 4205 16 made make VBD 7960 4205 17 her -PRON- PRP 7960 4205 18 conquered conquer VBN 7960 4205 19 territories territory NNS 7960 4205 20 into into IN 7960 4205 21 provinces province NNS 7960 4205 22 . . . 7960 4206 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 4206 2 13 13 CD 7960 4206 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 4206 4 Their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4206 5 inhabitants inhabitant NNS 7960 4206 6 were be VBD 7960 4206 7 compelled compel VBN 7960 4206 8 to to TO 7960 4206 9 pay pay VB 7960 4206 10 tribute tribute NN 7960 4206 11 and and CC 7960 4206 12 to to TO 7960 4206 13 accept accept VB 7960 4206 14 the the DT 7960 4206 15 oversight oversight NN 7960 4206 16 of of IN 7960 4206 17 Roman roman JJ 7960 4206 18 officials official NNS 7960 4206 19 . . . 7960 4207 1 EVILS evils NN 7960 4207 2 OF of IN 7960 4207 3 THE the DT 7960 4207 4 PROVINCIAL provincial NN 7960 4207 5 SYSTEM system NN 7960 4207 6 As as IN 7960 4207 7 the the DT 7960 4207 8 Romans Romans NNPS 7960 4207 9 came come VBD 7960 4207 10 more more RBR 7960 4207 11 and and CC 7960 4207 12 more more RBR 7960 4207 13 to to TO 7960 4207 14 relish relish VB 7960 4207 15 the the DT 7960 4207 16 opportunities opportunity NNS 7960 4207 17 for for IN 7960 4207 18 plunder plunder NN 7960 4207 19 afforded afford VBN 7960 4207 20 by by IN 7960 4207 21 a a DT 7960 4207 22 wealthy wealthy JJ 7960 4207 23 province province NN 7960 4207 24 , , , 7960 4207 25 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4207 26 inhabitants inhabitant NNS 7960 4207 27 were be VBD 7960 4207 28 often often RB 7960 4207 29 wretchedly wretchedly RB 7960 4207 30 misgoverned misgovern VBN 7960 4207 31 . . . 7960 4208 1 Many many JJ 7960 4208 2 governors governor NNS 7960 4208 3 of of IN 7960 4208 4 the the DT 7960 4208 5 conquered conquer VBN 7960 4208 6 lands land NNS 7960 4208 7 were be VBD 7960 4208 8 corrupt corrupt JJ 7960 4208 9 and and CC 7960 4208 10 grasping grasp VBG 7960 4208 11 men man NNS 7960 4208 12 . . . 7960 4209 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 4209 2 tried try VBD 7960 4209 3 to to TO 7960 4209 4 wring wring VB 7960 4209 5 all all PDT 7960 4209 6 the the DT 7960 4209 7 money money NN 7960 4209 8 they -PRON- PRP 7960 4209 9 could could MD 7960 4209 10 from from IN 7960 4209 11 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4209 12 helpless helpless JJ 7960 4209 13 subjects subject NNS 7960 4209 14 . . . 7960 4210 1 To to IN 7960 4210 2 the the DT 7960 4210 3 extortions extortion NNS 7960 4210 4 of of IN 7960 4210 5 the the DT 7960 4210 6 governors governor NNS 7960 4210 7 must must MD 7960 4210 8 be be VB 7960 4210 9 added add VBN 7960 4210 10 those those DT 7960 4210 11 of of IN 7960 4210 12 the the DT 7960 4210 13 tax tax NN 7960 4210 14 collectors collector NNS 7960 4210 15 , , , 7960 4210 16 whose whose WP$ 7960 4210 17 very very JJ 7960 4210 18 name name NN 7960 4210 19 of of IN 7960 4210 20 " " `` 7960 4210 21 publican publican JJ 7960 4210 22 " " '' 7960 4210 23 [ [ -LRB- 7960 4210 24 14 14 CD 7960 4210 25 ] ] -RRB- 7960 4210 26 became become VBD 7960 4210 27 a a DT 7960 4210 28 byword byword NN 7960 4210 29 for for IN 7960 4210 30 all all DT 7960 4210 31 that that WDT 7960 4210 32 was be VBD 7960 4210 33 rapacious rapacious JJ 7960 4210 34 and and CC 7960 4210 35 greedy greedy JJ 7960 4210 36 . . . 7960 4211 1 In in IN 7960 4211 2 this this DT 7960 4211 3 first first JJ 7960 4211 4 effort effort NN 7960 4211 5 to to TO 7960 4211 6 manage manage VB 7960 4211 7 the the DT 7960 4211 8 world world NN 7960 4211 9 she -PRON- PRP 7960 4211 10 had have VBD 7960 4211 11 won win VBN 7960 4211 12 , , , 7960 4211 13 Rome Rome NNP 7960 4211 14 had have VBD 7960 4211 15 certainly certainly RB 7960 4211 16 made make VBN 7960 4211 17 a a DT 7960 4211 18 failure failure NN 7960 4211 19 . . . 7960 4212 1 A a DT 7960 4212 2 city city NN 7960 4212 3 - - HYPH 7960 4212 4 state state NN 7960 4212 5 could could MD 7960 4212 6 not not RB 7960 4212 7 rule rule VB 7960 4212 8 , , , 7960 4212 9 with with IN 7960 4212 10 justice justice NN 7960 4212 11 and and CC 7960 4212 12 efficiency efficiency NN 7960 4212 13 , , , 7960 4212 14 an an DT 7960 4212 15 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7960 4220 2 once once IN 7960 4220 3 peace peace NN 7960 4220 4 had have VBD 7960 4220 5 been be VBN 7960 4220 6 made make VBN 7960 4220 7 , , , 7960 4220 8 the the DT 7960 4220 9 Roman roman JJ 7960 4220 10 governors governor NNS 7960 4220 11 and and CC 7960 4220 12 tax tax NN 7960 4220 13 collectors collector NNS 7960 4220 14 followed follow VBN 7960 4220 15 in in IN 7960 4220 16 the the DT 7960 4220 17 wake wake NN 7960 4220 18 of of IN 7960 4220 19 the the DT 7960 4220 20 armies army NNS 7960 4220 21 and and CC 7960 4220 22 squeezed squeeze VBD 7960 4220 23 the the DT 7960 4220 24 provincials provincial NNS 7960 4220 25 at at IN 7960 4220 26 every every DT 7960 4220 27 turn turn NN 7960 4220 28 . . . 7960 4221 1 The the DT 7960 4221 2 Romans Romans NNPS 7960 4221 3 , , , 7960 4221 4 indeed indeed RB 7960 4221 5 , , , 7960 4221 6 seem seem VBP 7960 4221 7 to to TO 7960 4221 8 have have VB 7960 4221 9 conquered conquer VBN 7960 4221 10 the the DT 7960 4221 11 world world NN 7960 4221 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4223 6 relish relish NN 7960 4223 7 for for IN 7960 4223 8 all all DT 7960 4223 9 sorts sort NNS 7960 4223 10 of of IN 7960 4223 11 reckless reckless JJ 7960 4223 12 display display NN 7960 4223 13 . . . 7960 4224 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 4224 2 built build VBD 7960 4224 3 fine fine JJ 7960 4224 4 houses house NNS 7960 4224 5 adorned adorn VBN 7960 4224 6 with with IN 7960 4224 7 statues statue NNS 7960 4224 8 , , , 7960 4224 9 costly costly JJ 7960 4224 10 paintings painting NNS 7960 4224 11 , , , 7960 4224 12 and and CC 7960 4224 13 furnishings furnishing NNS 7960 4224 14 . . . 7960 4225 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 4225 2 surrounded surround VBD 7960 4225 3 themselves -PRON- PRP 7960 4225 4 with with IN 7960 4225 5 troops troop NNS 7960 4225 6 of of IN 7960 4225 7 slaves slave NNS 7960 4225 8 . . . 7960 4226 1 Instead instead RB 7960 4226 2 of of IN 7960 4226 3 plain plain JJ 7960 4226 4 linen linen NN 7960 4226 5 clothes clothe NNS 7960 4226 6 they -PRON- PRP 7960 4226 7 and and CC 7960 4226 8 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4226 9 wives wife NNS 7960 4226 10 wore wear VBD 7960 4226 11 garments garment NNS 7960 4226 12 of of IN 7960 4226 13 silk silk NN 7960 4226 14 and and CC 7960 4226 15 gold gold NN 7960 4226 16 . . . 7960 4227 1 At at IN 7960 4227 2 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4227 3 banquets banquet NNS 7960 4227 4 they -PRON- PRP 7960 4227 5 spread spread VBP 7960 4227 6 embroidered embroider VBN 7960 4227 7 carpets carpet NNS 7960 4227 8 , , , 7960 4227 9 purple purple JJ 7960 4227 10 coverings covering NNS 7960 4227 11 , , , 7960 4227 12 and and CC 7960 4227 13 dishes dish NNS 7960 4227 14 of of IN 7960 4227 15 gilt gilt NN 7960 4227 16 plate plate NN 7960 4227 17 . . . 7960 4228 1 Pomp Pomp NNP 7960 4228 2 and and CC 7960 4228 3 splendor splendor NNP 7960 4228 4 replaced replace VBD 7960 4228 5 the the DT 7960 4228 6 rude rude JJ 7960 4228 7 simplicity simplicity NN 7960 4228 8 of of IN 7960 4228 9 an an DT 7960 4228 10 earlier early JJR 7960 4228 11 age age NN 7960 4228 12 . . . 7960 4229 1 DISAPPEARANCE DISAPPEARANCE NNP 7960 4229 2 OF of IN 7960 4229 3 THE the DT 7960 4229 4 PEASANTRY PEASANTRY NNS 7960 4229 5 But but CC 7960 4229 6 if if IN 7960 4229 7 the the DT 7960 4229 8 rich rich JJ 7960 4229 9 were be VBD 7960 4229 10 becoming become VBG 7960 4229 11 richer rich JJR 7960 4229 12 , , , 7960 4229 13 it -PRON- PRP 7960 4229 14 seems seem VBZ 7960 4229 15 that that IN 7960 4229 16 the the DT 7960 4229 17 poor poor JJ 7960 4229 18 were be VBD 7960 4229 19 also also RB 7960 4229 20 becoming become VBG 7960 4229 21 poorer poor JJR 7960 4229 22 . . . 7960 4230 1 After after IN 7960 4230 2 Rome Rome NNP 7960 4230 3 became become VBD 7960 4230 4 mistress mistress NN 7960 4230 5 of of IN 7960 4230 6 the the DT 7960 4230 7 Mediterranean Mediterranean NNP 7960 4230 8 , , , 7960 4230 9 her -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4230 10 markets market NNS 7960 4230 11 were be VBD 7960 4230 12 flooded flood VBN 7960 4230 13 with with IN 7960 4230 14 the the DT 7960 4230 15 cheap cheap JJ 7960 4230 16 wheat wheat NN 7960 4230 17 raised raise VBN 7960 4230 18 in in IN 7960 4230 19 the the DT 7960 4230 20 provinces province NNS 7960 4230 21 , , , 7960 4230 22 especially especially RB 7960 4230 23 in in IN 7960 4230 24 those those DT 7960 4230 25 granaries granary NNS 7960 4230 26 , , , 7960 4230 27 Sicily Sicily NNP 7960 4230 28 and and CC 7960 4230 29 Africa Africa NNP 7960 4230 30 . . . 7960 4231 1 The the DT 7960 4231 2 price price NN 7960 4231 3 of of IN 7960 4231 4 wheat wheat NN 7960 4231 5 fell fall VBD 7960 4231 6 so so RB 7960 4231 7 low low RB 7960 4231 8 that that IN 7960 4231 9 Roman roman JJ 7960 4231 10 peasants peasant NNS 7960 4231 11 could could MD 7960 4231 12 not not RB 7960 4231 13 raise raise VB 7960 4231 14 enough enough JJ 7960 4231 15 to to TO 7960 4231 16 support support VB 7960 4231 17 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4231 18 families family NNS 7960 4231 19 and and CC 7960 4231 20 pay pay VB 7960 4231 21 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4231 22 taxes taxis NNS 7960 4231 23 . . . 7960 4232 1 When when WRB 7960 4232 2 agriculture agriculture NN 7960 4232 3 became become VBD 7960 4232 4 unprofitable unprofitable JJ 7960 4232 5 , , , 7960 4232 6 the the DT 7960 4232 7 farmer farmer NN 7960 4232 8 was be VBD 7960 4232 9 no no RB 7960 4232 10 longer long RBR 7960 4232 11 able able JJ 7960 4232 12 to to TO 7960 4232 13 remain remain VB 7960 4232 14 on on IN 7960 4232 15 the the DT 7960 4232 16 soil soil NN 7960 4232 17 . . . 7960 4233 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 4233 2 had have VBD 7960 4233 3 to to TO 7960 4233 4 sell sell VB 7960 4233 5 out out RP 7960 4233 6 , , , 7960 4233 7 often often RB 7960 4233 8 at at IN 7960 4233 9 a a DT 7960 4233 10 ruinous ruinous JJ 7960 4233 11 sacrifice sacrifice NN 7960 4233 12 . . . 7960 4234 1 His -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4234 2 land land NN 7960 4234 3 was be VBD 7960 4234 4 bought buy VBN 7960 4234 5 by by IN 7960 4234 6 capitalists capitalist NNS 7960 4234 7 , , , 7960 4234 8 who who WP 7960 4234 9 turned turn VBD 7960 4234 10 many many JJ 7960 4234 11 small small JJ 7960 4234 12 fields field NNS 7960 4234 13 into into IN 7960 4234 14 vast vast JJ 7960 4234 15 sheep sheep NN 7960 4234 16 pastures pasture NNS 7960 4234 17 and and CC 7960 4234 18 cattle cattle NNS 7960 4234 19 ranches ranch NNS 7960 4234 20 . . . 7960 4235 1 Gangs gang NNS 7960 4235 2 of of IN 7960 4235 3 slaves slave NNS 7960 4235 4 , , , 7960 4235 5 laboring labor VBG 7960 4235 6 under under IN 7960 4235 7 the the DT 7960 4235 8 lash lash NN 7960 4235 9 , , , 7960 4235 10 gradually gradually RB 7960 4235 11 took take VBD 7960 4235 12 the the DT 7960 4235 13 place place NN 7960 4235 14 of of IN 7960 4235 15 the the DT 7960 4235 16 old old JJ 7960 4235 17 Roman roman JJ 7960 4235 18 peasantry peasantry NN 7960 4235 19 , , , 7960 4235 20 the the DT 7960 4235 21 very very JJ 7960 4235 22 strength strength NN 7960 4235 23 of of IN 7960 4235 24 the the DT 7960 4235 25 state state NN 7960 4235 26 . . . 7960 4236 1 Not not RB 7960 4236 2 unjust unjust JJ 7960 4236 3 was be VBD 7960 4236 4 the the DT 7960 4236 5 famous famous JJ 7960 4236 6 remark remark NN 7960 4236 7 , , , 7960 4236 8 " " `` 7960 4236 9 Great great JJ 7960 4236 10 domains domain NNS 7960 4236 11 ruined ruin VBD 7960 4236 12 Italy Italy NNP 7960 4236 13 . . . 7960 4236 14 " " '' 7960 4237 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 4237 2 15 15 CD 7960 4237 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 4237 4 THE the DT 7960 4237 5 EXODUS exodus NN 7960 4237 6 OF of IN 7960 4237 7 THE the DT 7960 4237 8 CITIES city NNS 7960 4237 9 The the DT 7960 4237 10 decline decline NN 7960 4237 11 of of IN 7960 4237 12 agriculture agriculture NN 7960 4237 13 and and CC 7960 4237 14 the the DT 7960 4237 15 disappearance disappearance NN 7960 4237 16 of of IN 7960 4237 17 the the DT 7960 4237 18 small small JJ 7960 4237 19 farmer farmer NN 7960 4237 20 under under IN 7960 4237 21 the the DT 7960 4237 22 stress stress NN 7960 4237 23 of of IN 7960 4237 24 foreign foreign JJ 7960 4237 25 competition competition NN 7960 4237 26 may may MD 7960 4237 27 be be VB 7960 4237 28 studied study VBN 7960 4237 29 in in IN 7960 4237 30 modern modern JJ 7960 4237 31 England England NNP 7960 4237 32 as as RB 7960 4237 33 well well RB 7960 4237 34 as as IN 7960 4237 35 in in IN 7960 4237 36 ancient ancient JJ 7960 4237 37 Italy Italy NNP 7960 4237 38 . . . 7960 4238 1 Nowadays nowadays RB 7960 4238 2 an an DT 7960 4238 3 English english JJ 7960 4238 4 farmer farmer NN 7960 4238 5 , , , 7960 4238 6 under under IN 7960 4238 7 the the DT 7960 4238 8 same same JJ 7960 4238 9 circumstances circumstance NNS 7960 4238 10 , , , 7960 4238 11 will will MD 7960 4238 12 often often RB 7960 4238 13 emigrate emigrate VB 7960 4238 14 to to IN 7960 4238 15 America America NNP 7960 4238 16 or or CC 7960 4238 17 to to IN 7960 4238 18 Australia Australia NNP 7960 4238 19 , , , 7960 4238 20 where where WRB 7960 4238 21 land land NN 7960 4238 22 is be VBZ 7960 4238 23 cheap cheap JJ 7960 4238 24 and and CC 7960 4238 25 it -PRON- PRP 7960 4238 26 is be VBZ 7960 4238 27 easy easy JJ 7960 4238 28 to to TO 7960 4238 29 make make VB 7960 4238 30 a a DT 7960 4238 31 living living NN 7960 4238 32 . . . 7960 4239 1 But but CC 7960 4239 2 these these DT 7960 4239 3 Roman roman JJ 7960 4239 4 peasants peasant NNS 7960 4239 5 did do VBD 7960 4239 6 not not RB 7960 4239 7 care care VB 7960 4239 8 to to TO 7960 4239 9 go go VB 7960 4239 10 abroad abroad RB 7960 4239 11 and and CC 7960 4239 12 settle settle VB 7960 4239 13 on on RP 7960 4239 14 better well JJR 7960 4239 15 soil soil NN 7960 4239 16 in in IN 7960 4239 17 Spain Spain NNP 7960 4239 18 or or CC 7960 4239 19 in in IN 7960 4239 20 Africa Africa NNP 7960 4239 21 . . . 7960 4240 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 4240 2 thronged throng VBD 7960 4240 3 , , , 7960 4240 4 instead instead RB 7960 4240 5 , , , 7960 4240 6 to to IN 7960 4240 7 the the DT 7960 4240 8 cities city NNS 7960 4240 9 , , , 7960 4240 10 to to IN 7960 4240 11 Rome Rome NNP 7960 4240 12 especially especially RB 7960 4240 13 , , , 7960 4240 14 where where WRB 7960 4240 15 they -PRON- PRP 7960 4240 16 labored labor VBD 7960 4240 17 for for IN 7960 4240 18 a a DT 7960 4240 19 small small JJ 7960 4240 20 wage wage NN 7960 4240 21 , , , 7960 4240 22 fared fare VBD 7960 4240 23 plainly plainly RB 7960 4240 24 on on IN 7960 4240 25 wheat wheat NN 7960 4240 26 bread bread NN 7960 4240 27 , , , 7960 4240 28 and and CC 7960 4240 29 dwelt dwelt VB 7960 4240 30 in in RP 7960 4240 31 huge huge JJ 7960 4240 32 lodging lodging NN 7960 4240 33 houses house NNS 7960 4240 34 , , , 7960 4240 35 three three CD 7960 4240 36 or or CC 7960 4240 37 four four CD 7960 4240 38 stories story NNS 7960 4240 39 high high JJ 7960 4240 40 . . . 7960 4241 1 THE the DT 7960 4241 2 CITY CITY NNP 7960 4241 3 MOB MOB NNP 7960 4241 4 We -PRON- PRP 7960 4241 5 know know VBP 7960 4241 6 very very RB 7960 4241 7 little little JJ 7960 4241 8 about about IN 7960 4241 9 this this DT 7960 4241 10 poorer poor JJR 7960 4241 11 population population NN 7960 4241 12 of of IN 7960 4241 13 Rome Rome NNP 7960 4241 14 . . . 7960 4242 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 4242 2 must must MD 7960 4242 3 have have VB 7960 4242 4 lived live VBN 7960 4242 5 from from IN 7960 4242 6 hand hand NN 7960 4242 7 to to IN 7960 4242 8 mouth mouth NN 7960 4242 9 . . . 7960 4243 1 Since since IN 7960 4243 2 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4243 3 votes vote NNS 7960 4243 4 controlled control VBN 7960 4243 5 elections election NNS 7960 4243 6 , , , 7960 4243 7 [ [ -LRB- 7960 4243 8 16 16 CD 7960 4243 9 ] ] -RRB- 7960 4243 10 they -PRON- PRP 7960 4243 11 were be VBD 7960 4243 12 courted court VBN 7960 4243 13 by by IN 7960 4243 14 candidates candidate NNS 7960 4243 15 for for IN 7960 4243 16 office office NN 7960 4243 17 and and CC 7960 4243 18 kept keep VBD 7960 4243 19 from from IN 7960 4243 20 grumbling grumble VBG 7960 4243 21 by by IN 7960 4243 22 being be VBG 7960 4243 23 fed feed VBN 7960 4243 24 and and CC 7960 4243 25 amused amuse VBN 7960 4243 26 . . . 7960 4244 1 Such such JJ 7960 4244 2 poor poor JJ 7960 4244 3 citizens citizen NNS 7960 4244 4 , , , 7960 4244 5 too too RB 7960 4244 6 lazy lazy JJ 7960 4244 7 for for IN 7960 4244 8 steady steady JJ 7960 4244 9 work work NN 7960 4244 10 , , , 7960 4244 11 too too RB 7960 4244 12 intelligent intelligent JJ 7960 4244 13 to to TO 7960 4244 14 starve starve VB 7960 4244 15 , , , 7960 4244 16 formed form VBN 7960 4244 17 , , , 7960 4244 18 with with IN 7960 4244 19 the the DT 7960 4244 20 other other JJ 7960 4244 21 riffraff riffraff NN 7960 4244 22 of of IN 7960 4244 23 a a DT 7960 4244 24 great great JJ 7960 4244 25 city city NN 7960 4244 26 , , , 7960 4244 27 the the DT 7960 4244 28 elements element NNS 7960 4244 29 of of IN 7960 4244 30 a a DT 7960 4244 31 dangerous dangerous JJ 7960 4244 32 mob mob NN 7960 4244 33 . . . 7960 4245 1 And and CC 7960 4245 2 the the DT 7960 4245 3 mob mob NN 7960 4245 4 , , , 7960 4245 5 henceforth henceforth RB 7960 4245 6 , , , 7960 4245 7 plays play VBZ 7960 4245 8 an an DT 7960 4245 9 ever- ever- XX 7960 4245 10 larger large JJR 7960 4245 11 part part NN 7960 4245 12 in in IN 7960 4245 13 the the DT 7960 4245 14 history history NN 7960 4245 15 of of IN 7960 4245 16 the the DT 7960 4245 17 times time NNS 7960 4245 18 . . . 7960 4246 1 HELLENIC HELLENIC NNP 7960 4246 2 INFLUENCE INFLUENCE NNP 7960 4246 3 AT at IN 7960 4246 4 ROME ROME NNP 7960 4246 5 We -PRON- PRP 7960 4246 6 must must MD 7960 4246 7 not not RB 7960 4246 8 imagine imagine VB 7960 4246 9 , , , 7960 4246 10 however however RB 7960 4246 11 , , , 7960 4246 12 that that IN 7960 4246 13 all all PDT 7960 4246 14 the the DT 7960 4246 15 changes change NNS 7960 4246 16 in in IN 7960 4246 17 Roman roman JJ 7960 4246 18 life life NN 7960 4246 19 worked work VBD 7960 4246 20 for for IN 7960 4246 21 evil evil NN 7960 4246 22 . . . 7960 4247 1 If if IN 7960 4247 2 the the DT 7960 4247 3 Romans Romans NNPS 7960 4247 4 were be VBD 7960 4247 5 becoming become VBG 7960 4247 6 more more RBR 7960 4247 7 luxurious luxurious JJ 7960 4247 8 , , , 7960 4247 9 they -PRON- PRP 7960 4247 10 were be VBD 7960 4247 11 likewise likewise RB 7960 4247 12 gaining gain VBG 7960 4247 13 in in IN 7960 4247 14 culture culture NN 7960 4247 15 . . . 7960 4248 1 The the DT 7960 4248 2 conquests conquest NNS 7960 4248 3 which which WDT 7960 4248 4 brought bring VBD 7960 4248 5 Rome Rome NNP 7960 4248 6 in in IN 7960 4248 7 touch touch NN 7960 4248 8 , , , 7960 4248 9 first first RB 7960 4248 10 with with IN 7960 4248 11 Magna Magna NNPS 7960 4248 12 Graecia Graecia NNP 7960 4248 13 and and CC 7960 4248 14 Sicily Sicily NNP 7960 4248 15 , , , 7960 4248 16 then then RB 7960 4248 17 with with IN 7960 4248 18 Greece Greece NNP 7960 4248 19 itself -PRON- PRP 7960 4248 20 and and CC 7960 4248 21 the the DT 7960 4248 22 Hellenic Hellenic NNP 7960 4248 23 East East NNP 7960 4248 24 , , , 7960 4248 25 prepared prepare VBD 7960 4248 26 the the DT 7960 4248 27 way way NN 7960 4248 28 for for IN 7960 4248 29 the the DT 7960 4248 30 entrance entrance NN 7960 4248 31 of of IN 7960 4248 32 Hellenism Hellenism NNP 7960 4248 33 . . . 7960 4249 1 Roman roman JJ 7960 4249 2 soldiers soldier NNS 7960 4249 3 and and CC 7960 4249 4 traders trader NNS 7960 4249 5 carried carry VBD 7960 4249 6 back back RB 7960 4249 7 to to IN 7960 4249 8 Italy Italy NNP 7960 4249 9 an an DT 7960 4249 10 acquaintance acquaintance NN 7960 4249 11 with with IN 7960 4249 12 Greek greek JJ 7960 4249 13 customs custom NNS 7960 4249 14 and and CC 7960 4249 15 ideas idea NNS 7960 4249 16 . . . 7960 4250 1 Thousands thousand NNS 7960 4250 2 of of IN 7960 4250 3 cultivated cultivate VBN 7960 4250 4 Greeks Greeks NNPS 7960 4250 5 , , , 7960 4250 6 some some DT 7960 4250 7 as as IN 7960 4250 8 slaves slave NNS 7960 4250 9 , , , 7960 4250 10 others other NNS 7960 4250 11 as as IN 7960 4250 12 freemen freeman NNS 7960 4250 13 , , , 7960 4250 14 settled settle VBN 7960 4250 15 in in IN 7960 4250 16 the the DT 7960 4250 17 capital capital NN 7960 4250 18 as as IN 7960 4250 19 actors actor NNS 7960 4250 20 , , , 7960 4250 21 physicians physician NNS 7960 4250 22 , , , 7960 4250 23 artists artist NNS 7960 4250 24 , , , 7960 4250 25 and and CC 7960 4250 26 writers writer NNS 7960 4250 27 . . . 7960 4251 1 There there RB 7960 4251 2 they -PRON- PRP 7960 4251 3 introduced introduce VBD 7960 4251 4 the the DT 7960 4251 5 Greek greek JJ 7960 4251 6 language language NN 7960 4251 7 , , , 7960 4251 8 as as RB 7960 4251 9 well well RB 7960 4251 10 as as IN 7960 4251 11 the the DT 7960 4251 12 religion religion NN 7960 4251 13 , , , 7960 4251 14 literature literature NN 7960 4251 15 , , , 7960 4251 16 and and CC 7960 4251 17 art art NN 7960 4251 18 of of IN 7960 4251 19 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4251 20 native native JJ 7960 4251 21 land land NN 7960 4251 22 . . . 7960 4252 1 Roman roman JJ 7960 4252 2 nobles noble NNS 7960 4252 3 of of IN 7960 4252 4 the the DT 7960 4252 5 better well JJR 7960 4252 6 type type NN 7960 4252 7 began begin VBD 7960 4252 8 to to TO 7960 4252 9 take take VB 7960 4252 10 an an DT 7960 4252 11 interest interest NN 7960 4252 12 in in IN 7960 4252 13 other other JJ 7960 4252 14 things thing NNS 7960 4252 15 than than IN 7960 4252 16 simply simply RB 7960 4252 17 farming farm VBG 7960 4252 18 , , , 7960 4252 19 commerce commerce NN 7960 4252 20 , , , 7960 4252 21 or or CC 7960 4252 22 war war NN 7960 4252 23 . . . 7960 4253 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 4253 2 imitated imitate VBD 7960 4253 3 Greek greek JJ 7960 4253 4 fashions fashion NNS 7960 4253 5 in in IN 7960 4253 6 dress dress NN 7960 4253 7 and and CC 7960 4253 8 manners manner NNS 7960 4253 9 , , , 7960 4253 10 collected collect VBN 7960 4253 11 Greek greek JJ 7960 4253 12 books book NNS 7960 4253 13 , , , 7960 4253 14 and and CC 7960 4253 15 filled fill VBD 7960 4253 16 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4253 17 homes home NNS 7960 4253 18 with with IN 7960 4253 19 the the DT 7960 4253 20 productions production NNS 7960 4253 21 of of IN 7960 4253 22 Greek greek JJ 7960 4253 23 artists artist NNS 7960 4253 24 . . . 7960 4254 1 Henceforth henceforth RB 7960 4254 2 every every DT 7960 4254 3 aspect aspect NN 7960 4254 4 of of IN 7960 4254 5 Roman roman JJ 7960 4254 6 society society NN 7960 4254 7 felt feel VBD 7960 4254 8 the the DT 7960 4254 9 quickening quicken VBG 7960 4254 10 influence influence NN 7960 4254 11 of of IN 7960 4254 12 the the DT 7960 4254 13 older old JJR 7960 4254 14 , , , 7960 4254 15 richer rich JJR 7960 4254 16 culture culture NN 7960 4254 17 of of IN 7960 4254 18 the the DT 7960 4254 19 Hellenic Hellenic NNP 7960 4254 20 world world NN 7960 4254 21 . . . 7960 4255 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 4255 2 was be VBD 7960 4255 3 a a DT 7960 4255 4 Roman roman JJ 7960 4255 5 poet poet NN 7960 4255 6 who who WP 7960 4255 7 wrote write VBD 7960 4255 8 , , , 7960 4255 9 " " `` 7960 4255 10 Captive Captive NNP 7960 4255 11 Greece Greece NNP 7960 4255 12 captured capture VBD 7960 4255 13 her -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4255 14 conqueror conqueror NN 7960 4255 15 rude rude NN 7960 4255 16 . . . 7960 4255 17 " " '' 7960 4256 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 4256 2 17 17 CD 7960 4256 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 4256 4 60 60 CD 7960 4256 5 . . . 7960 4257 1 THE the DT 7960 4257 2 GRACCHI GRACCHI NNP 7960 4257 3 TIBERIUS tiberiu NNS 7960 4257 4 AND and CC 7960 4257 5 GAIUS gaius VB 7960 4257 6 GRACCHUS gracchus NN 7960 4257 7 In in IN 7960 4257 8 133 133 CD 7960 4257 9 B.C. B.C. NNP 7960 4257 10 , , , 7960 4257 11 a a DT 7960 4257 12 year year NN 7960 4257 13 otherwise otherwise RB 7960 4257 14 made make VBN 7960 4257 15 memorable memorable JJ 7960 4257 16 by by IN 7960 4257 17 the the DT 7960 4257 18 final final JJ 7960 4257 19 subjugation subjugation NN 7960 4257 20 of of IN 7960 4257 21 Spain Spain NNP 7960 4257 22 and and CC 7960 4257 23 the the DT 7960 4257 24 acquisition acquisition NN 7960 4257 25 of of IN 7960 4257 26 Asia Asia NNP 7960 4257 27 , , , 7960 4257 28 efforts effort NNS 7960 4257 29 began begin VBD 7960 4257 30 Rome Rome NNP 7960 4257 31 to to TO 7960 4257 32 remedy remedy VB 7960 4257 33 some some DT 7960 4257 34 of of IN 7960 4257 35 the the DT 7960 4257 36 disorders disorder NNS 7960 4257 37 which which WDT 7960 4257 38 were be VBD 7960 4257 39 now now RB 7960 4257 40 seen see VBN 7960 4257 41 to to TO 7960 4257 42 be be VB 7960 4257 43 sapping sap VBG 7960 4257 44 the the DT 7960 4257 45 strength strength NN 7960 4257 46 of of IN 7960 4257 47 Roman roman JJ 7960 4257 48 society society NN 7960 4257 49 . . . 7960 4258 1 The the DT 7960 4258 2 first first JJ 7960 4258 3 persons person NNS 7960 4258 4 to to TO 7960 4258 5 undertake undertake VB 7960 4258 6 the the DT 7960 4258 7 work work NN 7960 4258 8 of of IN 7960 4258 9 reform reform NN 7960 4258 10 were be VBD 7960 4258 11 the the DT 7960 4258 12 two two CD 7960 4258 13 brothers brother NNS 7960 4258 14 , , , 7960 4258 15 Tiberius Tiberius NNP 7960 4258 16 and and CC 7960 4258 17 Gaius Gaius NNP 7960 4258 18 Gracchus Gracchus NNP 7960 4258 19 . . . 7960 4259 1 The the DT 7960 4259 2 Gracchi Gracchi NNP 7960 4259 3 belonged belong VBD 7960 4259 4 to to IN 7960 4259 5 the the DT 7960 4259 6 highest high JJS 7960 4259 7 nobility nobility NN 7960 4259 8 of of IN 7960 4259 9 Rome Rome NNP 7960 4259 10 . . . 7960 4260 1 Their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4260 2 father father NN 7960 4260 3 had have VBD 7960 4260 4 filled fill VBN 7960 4260 5 a a DT 7960 4260 6 consulship consulship NN 7960 4260 7 and and CC 7960 4260 8 a a DT 7960 4260 9 censorship censorship NN 7960 4260 10 and and CC 7960 4260 11 had have VBD 7960 4260 12 celebrated celebrate VBN 7960 4260 13 triumphs triumph NNS 7960 4260 14 . . . 7960 4261 1 Cornelia Cornelia NNP 7960 4261 2 , , , 7960 4261 3 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4261 4 mother mother NN 7960 4261 5 , , , 7960 4261 6 was be VBD 7960 4261 7 a a DT 7960 4261 8 daughter daughter NN 7960 4261 9 of of IN 7960 4261 10 Scipio Scipio NNP 7960 4261 11 Africanus Africanus NNP 7960 4261 12 , , , 7960 4261 13 the the DT 7960 4261 14 conqueror conqueror NN 7960 4261 15 of of IN 7960 4261 16 Hannibal Hannibal NNP 7960 4261 17 . . . 7960 4262 1 A a DT 7960 4262 2 fine fine JJ 7960 4262 3 type type NN 7960 4262 4 of of IN 7960 4262 5 the the DT 7960 4262 6 Roman roman JJ 7960 4262 7 matron matron NN 7960 4262 8 , , , 7960 4262 9 she -PRON- PRP 7960 4262 10 called call VBD 7960 4262 11 her -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4262 12 boys boy NNS 7960 4262 13 her -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4262 14 " " `` 7960 4262 15 jewels jewel NNS 7960 4262 16 , , , 7960 4262 17 " " '' 7960 4262 18 more more RBR 7960 4262 19 precious precious JJ 7960 4262 20 than than IN 7960 4262 21 gold gold NN 7960 4262 22 , , , 7960 4262 23 and and CC 7960 4262 24 brought bring VBD 7960 4262 25 them -PRON- PRP 7960 4262 26 up up RP 7960 4262 27 to to TO 7960 4262 28 love love VB 7960 4262 29 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4262 30 country country NN 7960 4262 31 better well RBR 7960 4262 32 than than IN 7960 4262 33 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4262 34 own own JJ 7960 4262 35 lives life NNS 7960 4262 36 . . . 7960 4263 1 Tiberius Tiberius NNP 7960 4263 2 , , , 7960 4263 3 the the DT 7960 4263 4 elder elder JJ 7960 4263 5 brother brother NN 7960 4263 6 , , , 7960 4263 7 was be VBD 7960 4263 8 only only RB 7960 4263 9 thirty thirty CD 7960 4263 10 years year NNS 7960 4263 11 of of IN 7960 4263 12 age age NN 7960 4263 13 when when WRB 7960 4263 14 he -PRON- PRP 7960 4263 15 became become VBD 7960 4263 16 a a DT 7960 4263 17 tribune tribune NN 7960 4263 18 and and CC 7960 4263 19 began begin VBD 7960 4263 20 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4263 21 career career NN 7960 4263 22 in in IN 7960 4263 23 Roman roman JJ 7960 4263 24 politics politic NNS 7960 4263 25 . . . 7960 4264 1 AGRARIAN AGRARIAN NNP 7960 4264 2 LAW law NN 7960 4264 3 OF of IN 7960 4264 4 TIBERIUS tiberius NN 7960 4264 5 GRACCHUS GRACCHUS NNP 7960 4264 6 Tiberius Tiberius NNP 7960 4264 7 signalized signalize VBD 7960 4264 8 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4264 9 election election NN 7960 4264 10 to to IN 7960 4264 11 the the DT 7960 4264 12 tribunate tribunate NN 7960 4264 13 by by IN 7960 4264 14 bringing bring VBG 7960 4264 15 forward forward RB 7960 4264 16 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4264 17 celebrated celebrated JJ 7960 4264 18 agrarian agrarian JJ 7960 4264 19 law law NN 7960 4264 20 . . . 7960 4265 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 4265 2 proposed propose VBD 7960 4265 3 that that IN 7960 4265 4 the the DT 7960 4265 5 public public JJ 7960 4265 6 lands land NNS 7960 4265 7 of of IN 7960 4265 8 Rome Rome NNP 7960 4265 9 , , , 7960 4265 10 then then RB 7960 4265 11 largely largely RB 7960 4265 12 occupied occupy VBN 7960 4265 13 by by IN 7960 4265 14 wealthy wealthy JJ 7960 4265 15 men man NNS 7960 4265 16 who who WP 7960 4265 17 alone alone RB 7960 4265 18 had have VBD 7960 4265 19 the the DT 7960 4265 20 money money NN 7960 4265 21 necessary necessary JJ 7960 4265 22 to to TO 7960 4265 23 work work VB 7960 4265 24 them -PRON- PRP 7960 4265 25 with with IN 7960 4265 26 cattle cattle NNS 7960 4265 27 and and CC 7960 4265 28 slaves slave NNS 7960 4265 29 , , , 7960 4265 30 should should MD 7960 4265 31 be be VB 7960 4265 32 reclaimed reclaim VBN 7960 4265 33 by by IN 7960 4265 34 the the DT 7960 4265 35 state state NN 7960 4265 36 , , , 7960 4265 37 divided divide VBN 7960 4265 38 into into IN 7960 4265 39 small small JJ 7960 4265 40 tracts tract NNS 7960 4265 41 , , , 7960 4265 42 and and CC 7960 4265 43 given give VBN 7960 4265 44 to to IN 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VBD 7960 4267 15 not not RB 7960 4267 16 go go VB 7960 4267 17 to to IN 7960 4267 18 the the DT 7960 4267 19 root root NN 7960 4267 20 of of IN 7960 4267 21 the the DT 7960 4267 22 real real JJ 7960 4267 23 difficulty difficulty NN 7960 4267 24 -- -- : 7960 4267 25 foreign foreign JJ 7960 4267 26 competition competition NN 7960 4267 27 . . . 7960 4268 1 No no DT 7960 4268 2 legislation legislation NN 7960 4268 3 could could MD 7960 4268 4 have have VB 7960 4268 5 helped help VBN 7960 4268 6 the the DT 7960 4268 7 farming farming NN 7960 4268 8 class class NN 7960 4268 9 , , , 7960 4268 10 except except IN 7960 4268 11 import import NN 7960 4268 12 duties duty NNS 7960 4268 13 to to TO 7960 4268 14 keep keep VB 7960 4268 15 out out RP 7960 4268 16 the the DT 7960 4268 17 cheap cheap JJ 7960 4268 18 grain grain NN 7960 4268 19 from from IN 7960 4268 20 abroad abroad RB 7960 4268 21 . . . 7960 4269 1 But but CC 7960 4269 2 the the DT 7960 4269 3 idle idle JJ 7960 4269 4 mob mob NN 7960 4269 5 at at IN 7960 4269 6 Rome Rome NNP 7960 4269 7 , , , 7960 4269 8 controlling control VBG 7960 4269 9 the the DT 7960 4269 10 assemblies assembly NNS 7960 4269 11 , , , 7960 4269 12 would would MD 7960 4269 13 never never RB 7960 4269 14 have have VB 7960 4269 15 voted vote VBN 7960 4269 16 in in IN 7960 4269 17 favor favor NN 7960 4269 18 of of IN 7960 4269 19 taxing tax VBG 7960 4269 20 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4269 21 food food NN 7960 4269 22 , , , 7960 4269 23 thus thus RB 7960 4269 24 making make VBG 7960 4269 25 it -PRON- PRP 7960 4269 26 more more RBR 7960 4269 27 expensive expensive JJ 7960 4269 28 . . . 7960 4270 1 At at IN 7960 4270 2 the the DT 7960 4270 3 same same JJ 7960 4270 4 time time NN 7960 4270 5 the the DT 7960 4270 6 proposal proposal NN 7960 4270 7 to to TO 7960 4270 8 take take VB 7960 4270 9 away away RB 7960 4270 10 part part NN 7960 4270 11 of of IN 7960 4270 12 the the DT 7960 4270 13 public public JJ 7960 4270 14 domains domain NNS 7960 4270 15 from from IN 7960 4270 16 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4270 17 possessors possessor NNS 7960 4270 18 roused rouse VBD 7960 4270 19 a a DT 7960 4270 20 hornet hornet NN 7960 4270 21 's 's POS 7960 4270 22 nest nest NN 7960 4270 23 about about IN 7960 4270 24 the the DT 7960 4270 25 reformer reformer NN 7960 4270 26 's 's POS 7960 4270 27 ears ear NNS 7960 4270 28 . . . 7960 4271 1 Rich rich JJ 7960 4271 2 people people NNS 7960 4271 3 had have VBD 7960 4271 4 occupied occupy VBN 7960 4271 5 the the DT 7960 4271 6 public public JJ 7960 4271 7 land land NN 7960 4271 8 for for IN 7960 4271 9 so so RB 7960 4271 10 long long RB 7960 4271 11 that that IN 7960 4271 12 they -PRON- PRP 7960 4271 13 had have VBD 7960 4271 14 come come VBN 7960 4271 15 to to TO 7960 4271 16 look look VB 7960 4271 17 upon upon IN 7960 4271 18 it -PRON- PRP 7960 4271 19 as as IN 7960 4271 20 really really RB 7960 4271 21 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4271 22 own own JJ 7960 4271 23 . . . 7960 4272 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 4272 2 would would MD 7960 4272 3 be be VB 7960 4272 4 very very RB 7960 4272 5 sure sure JJ 7960 4272 6 to to TO 7960 4272 7 oppose oppose VB 7960 4272 8 such such PDT 7960 4272 9 a a DT 7960 4272 10 measure measure NN 7960 4272 11 . . . 7960 4273 1 Poor poor JJ 7960 4273 2 people people NNS 7960 4273 3 , , , 7960 4273 4 of of IN 7960 4273 5 course course NN 7960 4273 6 , , , 7960 4273 7 welcomed welcome VBD 7960 4273 8 a a DT 7960 4273 9 scheme scheme NN 7960 4273 10 which which WDT 7960 4273 11 promised promise VBD 7960 4273 12 to to TO 7960 4273 13 give give VB 7960 4273 14 them -PRON- PRP 7960 4273 15 farms farm NNS 7960 4273 16 for for IN 7960 4273 17 nothing nothing NN 7960 4273 18 . . . 7960 4274 1 Tiberius Tiberius NNP 7960 4274 2 even even RB 7960 4274 3 wished wish VBD 7960 4274 4 to to TO 7960 4274 5 use use VB 7960 4274 6 the the DT 7960 4274 7 public public JJ 7960 4274 8 funds fund NNS 7960 4274 9 to to TO 7960 4274 10 stock stock VB 7960 4274 11 the the DT 7960 4274 12 farms farm NNS 7960 4274 13 of of IN 7960 4274 14 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4274 15 new new JJ 7960 4274 16 peasantry peasantry NN 7960 4274 17 . . . 7960 4275 1 This this DT 7960 4275 2 would would MD 7960 4275 3 have have VB 7960 4275 4 been be VBN 7960 4275 5 a a DT 7960 4275 6 mischievous mischievous JJ 7960 4275 7 act act NN 7960 4275 8 of of IN 7960 4275 9 state state NN 7960 4275 10 philanthropy philanthropy NN 7960 4275 11 . . . 7960 4276 1 FAILURE FAILURE NNP 7960 4276 2 AND and CC 7960 4276 3 DEATH death NN 7960 4276 4 OF of IN 7960 4276 5 TIBERIUS TIBERIUS NNP 7960 4276 6 , , , 7960 4276 7 133 133 CD 7960 4276 8 B.C. 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NNP 7960 4277 1 In in IN 7960 4277 2 spite spite NN 7960 4277 3 of of IN 7960 4277 4 these these DT 7960 4277 5 defects defect NNS 7960 4277 6 in in IN 7960 4277 7 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4277 8 measure measure NN 7960 4277 9 , , , 7960 4277 10 Tiberius Tiberius NNP 7960 4277 11 urged urge VBD 7960 4277 12 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4277 13 passage passage NN 7960 4277 14 with with IN 7960 4277 15 fiery fiery JJ 7960 4277 16 eloquence eloquence NN 7960 4277 17 . . . 7960 4278 1 But but CC 7960 4278 2 the the DT 7960 4278 3 great great JJ 7960 4278 4 landowners landowner NNS 7960 4278 5 in in IN 7960 4278 6 the the DT 7960 4278 7 Senate Senate NNP 7960 4278 8 got get VBD 7960 4278 9 another another DT 7960 4278 10 tribune tribune NN 7960 4278 11 , , , 7960 4278 12 devoted devote VBN 7960 4278 13 to to IN 7960 4278 14 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4278 15 interests interest NNS 7960 4278 16 , , , 7960 4278 17 to to TO 7960 4278 18 place place VB 7960 4278 19 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4278 20 veto veto NN 7960 4278 21 [ [ -LRB- 7960 4278 22 18 18 CD 7960 4278 23 ] ] -RRB- 7960 4278 24 on on IN 7960 4278 25 the the DT 7960 4278 26 proposed propose VBN 7960 4278 27 legislation legislation NN 7960 4278 28 . . . 7960 4279 1 The the DT 7960 4279 2 impatient impatient JJ 7960 4279 3 Tiberius Tiberius NNP 7960 4279 4 at at IN 7960 4279 5 once once RB 7960 4279 6 took take VBD 7960 4279 7 a a DT 7960 4279 8 revolutionary revolutionary JJ 7960 4279 9 step step NN 7960 4279 10 . . . 7960 4280 1 Though though IN 7960 4280 2 a a DT 7960 4280 3 magistrate magistrate NN 7960 4280 4 could could MD 7960 4280 5 not not RB 7960 4280 6 legally legally RB 7960 4280 7 be be VB 7960 4280 8 removed remove VBN 7960 4280 9 from from IN 7960 4280 10 office office NN 7960 4280 11 , , , 7960 4280 12 Tiberius Tiberius NNP 7960 4280 13 had have VBD 7960 4280 14 the the DT 7960 4280 15 offending offend VBG 7960 4280 16 tribune tribune NN 7960 4280 17 deposed depose VBN 7960 4280 18 and and CC 7960 4280 19 dragged drag VBD 7960 4280 20 from from IN 7960 4280 21 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4280 22 seat seat NN 7960 4280 23 . . . 7960 4281 1 The the DT 7960 4281 2 law law NN 7960 4281 3 was be VBD 7960 4281 4 then then RB 7960 4281 5 passed pass VBN 7960 4281 6 without without IN 7960 4281 7 further further JJ 7960 4281 8 opposition opposition NN 7960 4281 9 . . . 7960 4282 1 This this DT 7960 4282 2 action action NN 7960 4282 3 of of IN 7960 4282 4 Tiberius Tiberius NNP 7960 4282 5 placed place VBD 7960 4282 6 him -PRON- PRP 7960 4282 7 clearly clearly RB 7960 4282 8 in in IN 7960 4282 9 the the DT 7960 4282 10 wrong wrong NN 7960 4282 11 . . . 7960 4283 1 The the DT 7960 4283 2 aristocrats aristocrat NNS 7960 4283 3 threatened threaten VBD 7960 4283 4 to to TO 7960 4283 5 punish punish VB 7960 4283 6 him -PRON- PRP 7960 4283 7 as as RB 7960 4283 8 soon soon RB 7960 4283 9 as as IN 7960 4283 10 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4283 11 term term NN 7960 4283 12 of of IN 7960 4283 13 office office NN 7960 4283 14 was be VBD 7960 4283 15 over over RB 7960 4283 16 . . . 7960 4284 1 To to TO 7960 4284 2 avoid avoid VB 7960 4284 3 impeachment impeachment NN 7960 4284 4 Tiberius Tiberius NNP 7960 4284 5 sought seek VBD 7960 4284 6 reelection reelection NN 7960 4284 7 to to IN 7960 4284 8 the the DT 7960 4284 9 tribunate tribunate NN 7960 4284 10 for for IN 7960 4284 11 the the DT 7960 4284 12 following following JJ 7960 4284 13 year year NN 7960 4284 14 . . . 7960 4285 1 This this DT 7960 4285 2 , , , 7960 4285 3 again again RB 7960 4285 4 , , , 7960 4285 5 was be VBD 7960 4285 6 contrary contrary JJ 7960 4285 7 to to IN 7960 4285 8 custom custom NN 7960 4285 9 , , , 7960 4285 10 since since IN 7960 4285 11 no no DT 7960 4285 12 one one NN 7960 4285 13 might may MD 7960 4285 14 hold hold VB 7960 4285 15 office office NN 7960 4285 16 for for IN 7960 4285 17 two two CD 7960 4285 18 successive successive JJ 7960 4285 19 terms term NNS 7960 4285 20 . . . 7960 4286 1 On on IN 7960 4286 2 the the DT 7960 4286 3 day day NN 7960 4286 4 appointed appoint VBN 7960 4286 5 for for IN 7960 4286 6 the the DT 7960 4286 7 election election NN 7960 4286 8 , , , 7960 4286 9 while while IN 7960 4286 10 voting voting NN 7960 4286 11 was be VBD 7960 4286 12 in in IN 7960 4286 13 progress progress NN 7960 4286 14 , , , 7960 4286 15 a a DT 7960 4286 16 crowd crowd NN 7960 4286 17 of of IN 7960 4286 18 angry angry JJ 7960 4286 19 senators senator NNS 7960 4286 20 burst burst VBP 7960 4286 21 into into IN 7960 4286 22 the the DT 7960 4286 23 Forum Forum NNP 7960 4286 24 and and CC 7960 4286 25 killed kill VBD 7960 4286 26 Tiberius Tiberius NNP 7960 4286 27 , , , 7960 4286 28 together together RB 7960 4286 29 with with IN 7960 4286 30 three three CD 7960 4286 31 hundred hundred CD 7960 4286 32 of of IN 7960 4286 33 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4286 34 followers follower NNS 7960 4286 35 . . . 7960 4287 1 Both both DT 7960 4287 2 sides side NNS 7960 4287 3 had have VBD 7960 4287 4 now now RB 7960 4287 5 begun begin VBN 7960 4287 6 to to TO 7960 4287 7 display display VB 7960 4287 8 an an DT 7960 4287 9 utter utter JJ 7960 4287 10 disregard disregard NN 7960 4287 11 for for IN 7960 4287 12 law law NN 7960 4287 13 . . . 7960 4288 1 Force force NN 7960 4288 2 and and CC 7960 4288 3 bloodshed bloodshed NN 7960 4288 4 , , , 7960 4288 5 henceforth henceforth RB 7960 4288 6 , , , 7960 4288 7 were be VBD 7960 4288 8 to to TO 7960 4288 9 help help VB 7960 4288 10 decide decide VB 7960 4288 11 political political JJ 7960 4288 12 disputes dispute NNS 7960 4288 13 . . . 7960 4289 1 GAIUS GAIUS NNP 7960 4289 2 GRACCHUS gracchus NN 7960 4289 3 BECOMES BECOMES NNP 7960 4289 4 TRIBUNE TRIBUNE NNP 7960 4289 5 , , , 7960 4289 6 123 123 CD 7960 4289 7 B.C. 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to IN 7960 4291 15 the the DT 7960 4291 16 front front NN 7960 4291 17 . . . 7960 4292 1 Gaius Gaius NNP 7960 4292 2 quickly quickly RB 7960 4292 3 made make VBD 7960 4292 4 himself -PRON- PRP 7960 4292 5 a a DT 7960 4292 6 popular popular JJ 7960 4292 7 leader leader NN 7960 4292 8 with with IN 7960 4292 9 the the DT 7960 4292 10 set set VBN 7960 4292 11 purpose purpose NN 7960 4292 12 of of IN 7960 4292 13 remodeling remodel VBG 7960 4292 14 the the DT 7960 4292 15 government government NN 7960 4292 16 of of IN 7960 4292 17 Rome Rome NNP 7960 4292 18 . . . 7960 4293 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 4293 2 found find VBD 7960 4293 3 in in IN 7960 4293 4 the the DT 7960 4293 5 tribunate tribunate NN 7960 4293 6 an an DT 7960 4293 7 office office NN 7960 4293 8 from from IN 7960 4293 9 which which WDT 7960 4293 10 to to TO 7960 4293 11 work work VB 7960 4293 12 against against IN 7960 4293 13 the the DT 7960 4293 14 Senate Senate NNP 7960 4293 15 . . . 7960 4294 1 After after IN 7960 4294 2 the the DT 7960 4294 3 death death NN 7960 4294 4 of of IN 7960 4294 5 Tiberius Tiberius NNP 7960 4294 6 a a DT 7960 4294 7 law law NN 7960 4294 8 had have VBD 7960 4294 9 been be VBN 7960 4294 10 passed pass VBN 7960 4294 11 permitting permit VBG 7960 4294 12 a a DT 7960 4294 13 man man NN 7960 4294 14 to to TO 7960 4294 15 hold hold VB 7960 4294 16 the the DT 7960 4294 17 position position NN 7960 4294 18 of of IN 7960 4294 19 tribune tribune NNP 7960 4294 20 year year NN 7960 4294 21 after after IN 7960 4294 22 year year NN 7960 4294 23 . . . 7960 4295 1 Gaius Gaius NNP 7960 4295 2 intended intend VBD 7960 4295 3 to to TO 7960 4295 4 be be VB 7960 4295 5 a a DT 7960 4295 6 sort sort NN 7960 4295 7 of of IN 7960 4295 8 perpetual perpetual JJ 7960 4295 9 tribune tribune NN 7960 4295 10 , , , 7960 4295 11 and and CC 7960 4295 12 to to TO 7960 4295 13 rule rule VB 7960 4295 14 the the DT 7960 4295 15 Roman roman JJ 7960 4295 16 assemblies assembly NNS 7960 4295 17 very very RB 7960 4295 18 much much RB 7960 4295 19 as as IN 7960 4295 20 Pericles Pericles NNP 7960 4295 21 had have VBD 7960 4295 22 ruled rule VBN 7960 4295 23 the the DT 7960 4295 24 people people NNS 7960 4295 25 at at IN 7960 4295 26 Athens Athens NNP 7960 4295 27 . . . 7960 4296 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 4296 2 19 19 CD 7960 4296 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 4296 4 One one CD 7960 4296 5 of of IN 7960 4296 6 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4296 7 first first JJ 7960 4296 8 measures measure NNS 7960 4296 9 was be VBD 7960 4296 10 a a DT 7960 4296 11 law law NN 7960 4296 12 permitting permit VBG 7960 4296 13 the the DT 7960 4296 14 sale sale NN 7960 4296 15 of of IN 7960 4296 16 grain grain NN 7960 4296 17 from from IN 7960 4296 18 the the DT 7960 4296 19 public public JJ 7960 4296 20 storehouses storehouse NNS 7960 4296 21 to to IN 7960 4296 22 Roman roman JJ 7960 4296 23 citizens citizen NNS 7960 4296 24 at at IN 7960 4296 25 about about IN 7960 4296 26 half half PDT 7960 4296 27 the the DT 7960 4296 28 market market NN 7960 4296 29 price price NN 7960 4296 30 . . . 7960 4297 1 This this DT 7960 4297 2 measure measure NN 7960 4297 3 , , , 7960 4297 4 of of IN 7960 4297 5 course course NN 7960 4297 6 , , , 7960 4297 7 won win VBD 7960 4297 8 over over IN 7960 4297 9 the the DT 7960 4297 10 city city NN 7960 4297 11 mob mob NN 7960 4297 12 , , , 7960 4297 13 but but CC 7960 4297 14 it -PRON- PRP 7960 4297 15 must must MD 7960 4297 16 be be VB 7960 4297 17 regarded regard VBN 7960 4297 18 as as IN 7960 4297 19 very very RB 7960 4297 20 unwise unwise JJ 7960 4297 21 . . . 7960 4298 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 4298 2 saddled saddle VBD 7960 4298 3 the the DT 7960 4298 4 treasury treasury NN 7960 4298 5 with with IN 7960 4298 6 a a DT 7960 4298 7 heavy heavy JJ 7960 4298 8 burden burden NN 7960 4298 9 , , , 7960 4298 10 and and CC 7960 4298 11 later later RB 7960 4298 12 the the DT 7960 4298 13 government government NN 7960 4298 14 had have VBD 7960 4298 15 to to TO 7960 4298 16 furnish furnish VB 7960 4298 17 the the DT 7960 4298 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7960 4300 19 additional additional JJ 7960 4300 20 legislation legislation NN 7960 4300 21 which which WDT 7960 4300 22 he -PRON- PRP 7960 4300 23 deemed deem VBD 7960 4300 24 necessary necessary JJ 7960 4300 25 to to TO 7960 4300 26 carry carry VB 7960 4300 27 out out RP 7960 4300 28 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4300 29 brother brother NN 7960 4300 30 's 's POS 7960 4300 31 work work NN 7960 4300 32 . . . 7960 4301 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 4301 2 reenacted reenact VBD 7960 4301 3 the the DT 7960 4301 4 land land NN 7960 4301 5 laws law NNS 7960 4301 6 for for IN 7960 4301 7 the the DT 7960 4301 8 benefit benefit NN 7960 4301 9 of of IN 7960 4301 10 the the DT 7960 4301 11 peasantry peasantry NN 7960 4301 12 and and CC 7960 4301 13 furnished furnish VBD 7960 4301 14 work work NN 7960 4301 15 for for IN 7960 4301 16 the the DT 7960 4301 17 unemployed unemployed JJ 7960 4301 18 by by IN 7960 4301 19 building build VBG 7960 4301 20 roads road NNS 7960 4301 21 throughout throughout IN 7960 4301 22 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-PRON- PRP 7960 4305 17 as as IN 7960 4305 18 an an DT 7960 4305 19 able able JJ 7960 4305 20 and and CC 7960 4305 21 prudent prudent JJ 7960 4305 22 statesman statesman NN 7960 4305 23 . . . 7960 4306 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 4306 2 proposed propose VBD 7960 4306 3 to to TO 7960 4306 4 bestow bestow VB 7960 4306 5 the the DT 7960 4306 6 right right NN 7960 4306 7 of of IN 7960 4306 8 voting voting NN 7960 4306 9 in in IN 7960 4306 10 the the DT 7960 4306 11 Roman roman JJ 7960 4306 12 assemblies assembly NNS 7960 4306 13 upon upon IN 7960 4306 14 the the DT 7960 4306 15 inhabitants inhabitant NNS 7960 4306 16 of of IN 7960 4306 17 the the DT 7960 4306 18 Latin latin JJ 7960 4306 19 colonies colony NNS 7960 4306 20 . . . 7960 4307 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 4307 2 20 20 CD 7960 4307 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 4307 4 He -PRON- PRP 7960 4307 5 thought think VBD 7960 4307 6 , , , 7960 4307 7 also also RB 7960 4307 8 , , , 7960 4307 9 that that IN 7960 4307 10 the the DT 7960 4307 11 Italian italian JJ 7960 4307 12 allies ally NNS 7960 4307 13 should should MD 7960 4307 14 be be VB 7960 4307 15 allowed allow VBN 7960 4307 16 to to TO 7960 4307 17 intermarry intermarry VB 7960 4307 18 with with IN 7960 4307 19 Romans Romans NNPS 7960 4307 20 and and CC 7960 4307 21 hold hold VB 7960 4307 22 property property NN 7960 4307 23 under under IN 7960 4307 24 the the DT 7960 4307 25 protection protection NN 7960 4307 26 of of IN 7960 4307 27 the the DT 7960 4307 28 Roman roman JJ 7960 4307 29 law law NN 7960 4307 30 . . . 7960 4308 1 No no RB 7960 4308 2 doubt doubt RB 7960 4308 3 Gaius Gaius NNP 7960 4308 4 believed believe VBD 7960 4308 5 that that IN 7960 4308 6 the the DT 7960 4308 7 time time NN 7960 4308 8 might may MD 7960 4308 9 come come VB 7960 4308 10 when when WRB 7960 4308 11 all all PDT 7960 4308 12 the the DT 7960 4308 13 Italian italian JJ 7960 4308 14 peoples people NNS 7960 4308 15 would would MD 7960 4308 16 be be VB 7960 4308 17 citizens citizen NNS 7960 4308 18 of of IN 7960 4308 19 Rome Rome NNP 7960 4308 20 . . . 7960 4309 1 This this DT 7960 4309 2 time time NN 7960 4309 3 did do VBD 7960 4309 4 come come VB 7960 4309 5 , , , 7960 4309 6 thirty thirty CD 7960 4309 7 years year NNS 7960 4309 8 later later RB 7960 4309 9 , , , 7960 4309 10 but but CC 7960 4309 11 only only RB 7960 4309 12 after after IN 7960 4309 13 a a DT 7960 4309 14 terrible terrible JJ 7960 4309 15 war war NN 7960 4309 16 that that WDT 7960 4309 17 nearly nearly RB 7960 4309 18 ruined ruin VBD 7960 4309 19 Rome Rome NNP 7960 4309 20 . . . 7960 4310 1 FAILURE FAILURE NNP 7960 4310 2 AND and CC 7960 4310 3 DEATH death NN 7960 4310 4 OF of IN 7960 4310 5 GAIUS GAIUS NNP 7960 4310 6 , , , 7960 4310 7 121 121 CD 7960 4310 8 B.C. B.C. NNP 7960 4311 1 The the DT 7960 4311 2 effort effort NN 7960 4311 3 by by IN 7960 4311 4 Gaius Gaius NNP 7960 4311 5 to to TO 7960 4311 6 extend extend VB 7960 4311 7 Roman roman JJ 7960 4311 8 citizenship citizenship NN 7960 4311 9 cost cost VBD 7960 4311 10 the the DT 7960 4311 11 reformer reformer NN 7960 4311 12 all all PDT 7960 4311 13 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4311 14 hard hard RB 7960 4311 15 - - HYPH 7960 4311 16 won win VBN 7960 4311 17 popularity popularity NN 7960 4311 18 . . . 7960 4312 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 4312 2 aroused arouse VBD 7960 4312 3 the the DT 7960 4312 4 jealousy jealousy NN 7960 4312 5 of of IN 7960 4312 6 the the DT 7960 4312 7 selfish selfish JJ 7960 4312 8 city city NN 7960 4312 9 mob mob NN 7960 4312 10 , , , 7960 4312 11 which which WDT 7960 4312 12 believed believe VBD 7960 4312 13 that that IN 7960 4312 14 the the DT 7960 4312 15 entrance entrance NN 7960 4312 16 of of IN 7960 4312 17 so so RB 7960 4312 18 many many JJ 7960 4312 19 new new JJ 7960 4312 20 citizens citizen NNS 7960 4312 21 would would MD 7960 4312 22 mean mean VB 7960 4312 23 the the DT 7960 4312 24 loss loss NN 7960 4312 25 of of IN 7960 4312 26 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4312 27 privileges privilege NNS 7960 4312 28 . . . 7960 4313 1 There there EX 7960 4313 2 would would MD 7960 4313 3 not not RB 7960 4313 4 be be VB 7960 4313 5 so so RB 7960 4313 6 many many JJ 7960 4313 7 free free JJ 7960 4313 8 shows show NNS 7960 4313 9 and and CC 7960 4313 10 so so RB 7960 4313 11 much much JJ 7960 4313 12 cheap cheap JJ 7960 4313 13 grain grain NN 7960 4313 14 . . . 7960 4314 1 So so RB 7960 4314 2 the the DT 7960 4314 3 people people NNS 7960 4314 4 rejected reject VBD 7960 4314 5 the the DT 7960 4314 6 measure measure NN 7960 4314 7 and and CC 7960 4314 8 , , , 7960 4314 9 turning turn VBG 7960 4314 10 from from IN 7960 4314 11 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4314 12 former former JJ 7960 4314 13 favorite favorite NN 7960 4314 14 , , , 7960 4314 15 failed fail VBD 7960 4314 16 to to TO 7960 4314 17 reëlect reëlect VB 7960 4314 18 him -PRON- PRP 7960 4314 19 to to IN 7960 4314 20 the the DT 7960 4314 21 tribunate tribunate NN 7960 4314 22 . . . 7960 4315 1 When when WRB 7960 4315 2 Gaius Gaius NNP 7960 4315 3 was be VBD 7960 4315 4 no no RB 7960 4315 5 longer long RBR 7960 4315 6 protected protect VBN 7960 4315 7 by by IN 7960 4315 8 the the DT 7960 4315 9 sanctity sanctity NN 7960 4315 10 of of IN 7960 4315 11 the the DT 7960 4315 12 tribune tribune NNP 7960 4315 13 's 's POS 7960 4315 14 office office NN 7960 4315 15 , , , 7960 4315 16 [ [ -LRB- 7960 4315 17 21 21 CD 7960 4315 18 ] ] -RRB- 7960 4315 19 he -PRON- PRP 7960 4315 20 fell fall VBD 7960 4315 21 an an DT 7960 4315 22 easy easy JJ 7960 4315 23 victim victim NN 7960 4315 24 to to IN 7960 4315 25 senatorial senatorial JJ 7960 4315 26 hatred hatred NN 7960 4315 27 . . . 7960 4316 1 Another another DT 7960 4316 2 bloody bloody JJ 7960 4316 3 tumult tumult NN 7960 4316 4 broke break VBD 7960 4316 5 out out RP 7960 4316 6 , , , 7960 4316 7 in in IN 7960 4316 8 which which WDT 7960 4316 9 Gaius Gaius NNP 7960 4316 10 and and CC 7960 4316 11 three three CD 7960 4316 12 thousand thousand CD 7960 4316 13 of of IN 7960 4316 14 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4316 15 followers follower NNS 7960 4316 16 perished perish VBD 7960 4316 17 . . . 7960 4317 1 The the DT 7960 4317 2 consul consul NN 7960 4317 3 who who WP 7960 4317 4 quelled quell VBD 7960 4317 5 the the DT 7960 4317 6 disturbance disturbance NN 7960 4317 7 erected erect VBN 7960 4317 8 at at IN 7960 4317 9 the the DT 7960 4317 10 head head NN 7960 4317 11 of of IN 7960 4317 12 the the DT 7960 4317 13 Forum Forum NNP 7960 4317 14 a a DT 7960 4317 15 temple temple NN 7960 4317 16 to to IN 7960 4317 17 Harmony Harmony NNP 7960 4317 18 ( ( -LRB- 7960 4317 19 _ _ NNP 7960 4317 20 Concordia Concordia NNP 7960 4317 21 _ _ NNP 7960 4317 22 ) ) -RRB- 7960 4317 23 . . . 7960 4318 1 THE the DT 7960 4318 2 GRACCHI GRACCHI NNP 7960 4318 3 BEGIN BEGIN VBZ 7960 4318 4 THE the DT 7960 4318 5 REVOLUTION revolution NN 7960 4318 6 The the DT 7960 4318 7 pathetic pathetic JJ 7960 4318 8 career career NN 7960 4318 9 of of IN 7960 4318 10 the the DT 7960 4318 11 Gracchi Gracchi NNP 7960 4318 12 had have VBD 7960 4318 13 much much JJ 7960 4318 14 significance significance NN 7960 4318 15 in in IN 7960 4318 16 Roman roman JJ 7960 4318 17 history history NN 7960 4318 18 . . . 7960 4319 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 4319 2 were be VBD 7960 4319 3 the the DT 7960 4319 4 unconscious unconscious JJ 7960 4319 5 sponsors sponsor NNS 7960 4319 6 of of IN 7960 4319 7 a a DT 7960 4319 8 revolutionary revolutionary JJ 7960 4319 9 movement movement NN 7960 4319 10 which which WDT 7960 4319 11 did do VBD 7960 4319 12 not not RB 7960 4319 13 end end VB 7960 4319 14 until until IN 7960 4319 15 the the DT 7960 4319 16 republic republic NN 7960 4319 17 had have VBD 7960 4319 18 come come VBN 7960 4319 19 under under IN 7960 4319 20 the the DT 7960 4319 21 rule rule NN 7960 4319 22 of of IN 7960 4319 23 one one CD 7960 4319 24 man man NN 7960 4319 25 . . . 7960 4320 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 4320 2 failed fail VBD 7960 4320 3 because because IN 7960 4320 4 they -PRON- PRP 7960 4320 5 put put VBD 7960 4320 6 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4320 7 trust trust NN 7960 4320 8 in in IN 7960 4320 9 the the DT 7960 4320 10 support support NN 7960 4320 11 of of IN 7960 4320 12 the the DT 7960 4320 13 Roman roman JJ 7960 4320 14 mob mob NN 7960 4320 15 . . . 7960 4321 1 Future future JJ 7960 4321 2 agitators agitator NNS 7960 4321 3 were be VBD 7960 4321 4 to to TO 7960 4321 5 appear appear VB 7960 4321 6 with with IN 7960 4321 7 the the DT 7960 4321 8 legionaries legionary NNS 7960 4321 9 at at IN 7960 4321 10 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4321 11 heels heel NNS 7960 4321 12 . . . 7960 4322 1 61 61 CD 7960 4322 2 . . . 7960 4323 1 MARIUS MARIUS NNP 7960 4323 2 AND and CC 7960 4323 3 SULLA SULLA NNP 7960 4323 4 MARIUS MARIUS NNP 7960 4323 5 AND and CC 7960 4323 6 THE the DT 7960 4323 7 JUGURTHINE JUGURTHINE NNP 7960 4323 8 WAR WAR NNP 7960 4323 9 , , , 7960 4323 10 112 112 CD 7960 4323 11 - - SYM 7960 4323 12 106 106 CD 7960 4323 13 B.C. B.C. NNP 7960 4324 1 Although although IN 7960 4324 2 Rome Rome NNP 7960 4324 3 now now RB 7960 4324 4 ruled rule VBD 7960 4324 5 throughout throughout IN 7960 4324 6 the the DT 7960 4324 7 Mediterranean Mediterranean NNP 7960 4324 8 , , , 7960 4324 9 she -PRON- PRP 7960 4324 10 was be VBD 7960 4324 11 constantly constantly RB 7960 4324 12 engaged engage VBN 7960 4324 13 in in IN 7960 4324 14 border border NN 7960 4324 15 wars war NNS 7960 4324 16 in in IN 7960 4324 17 one one CD 7960 4324 18 corner corner NN 7960 4324 19 or or CC 7960 4324 20 another another DT 7960 4324 21 of of IN 7960 4324 22 her -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4324 23 wide wide JJ 7960 4324 24 dominions dominion NNS 7960 4324 25 . . . 7960 4325 1 These these DT 7960 4325 2 wars war NNS 7960 4325 3 brought bring VBD 7960 4325 4 to to IN 7960 4325 5 the the DT 7960 4325 6 front front JJ 7960 4325 7 new new JJ 7960 4325 8 military military JJ 7960 4325 9 leaders leader NNS 7960 4325 10 , , , 7960 4325 11 of of IN 7960 4325 12 whom whom WP 7960 4325 13 the the DT 7960 4325 14 first first JJ 7960 4325 15 was be VBD 7960 4325 16 Gaius Gaius NNP 7960 4325 17 Marius Marius NNP 7960 4325 18 . . . 7960 4326 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 4326 2 was be VBD 7960 4326 3 a a DT 7960 4326 4 peasant peasant NN 7960 4326 5 's 's POS 7960 4326 6 son son NN 7960 4326 7 , , , 7960 4326 8 a a DT 7960 4326 9 coarse coarse JJ 7960 4326 10 , , , 7960 4326 11 rude rude JJ 7960 4326 12 soldier soldier NN 7960 4326 13 , , , 7960 4326 14 but but CC 7960 4326 15 an an DT 7960 4326 16 honest honest JJ 7960 4326 17 , , , 7960 4326 18 courageous courageous JJ 7960 4326 19 , , , 7960 4326 20 and and CC 7960 4326 21 able able JJ 7960 4326 22 man man NN 7960 4326 23 . . . 7960 4327 1 Marius Marius NNP 7960 4327 2 rose rise VBD 7960 4327 3 to to IN 7960 4327 4 prominence prominence NN 7960 4327 5 in in IN 7960 4327 6 the the DT 7960 4327 7 so- so- XX 7960 4327 8 called call VBN 7960 4327 9 Jugurthine Jugurthine NNP 7960 4327 10 War War NNP 7960 4327 11 , , , 7960 4327 12 which which WDT 7960 4327 13 the the DT 7960 4327 14 Romans Romans NNPS 7960 4327 15 were be VBD 7960 4327 16 waging wage VBG 7960 4327 17 against against IN 7960 4327 18 Jugurtha Jugurtha NNP 7960 4327 19 , , , 7960 4327 20 king king NN 7960 4327 21 of of IN 7960 4327 22 Numidia Numidia NNP 7960 4327 23 . . . 7960 4328 1 That that DT 7960 4328 2 wily wily JJ 7960 4328 3 African African NNP 7960 4328 4 had have VBD 7960 4328 5 discovered discover VBN 7960 4328 6 that that IN 7960 4328 7 it -PRON- PRP 7960 4328 8 was be VBD 7960 4328 9 easier easy JJR 7960 4328 10 to to TO 7960 4328 11 bribe bribe VB 7960 4328 12 the the DT 7960 4328 13 Roman roman JJ 7960 4328 14 commanders commander NNS 7960 4328 15 than than IN 7960 4328 16 to to TO 7960 4328 17 fight fight VB 7960 4328 18 them -PRON- PRP 7960 4328 19 ; ; : 7960 4328 20 and and CC 7960 4328 21 the the DT 7960 4328 22 contest contest NN 7960 4328 23 dragged drag VBN 7960 4328 24 on on RP 7960 4328 25 in in IN 7960 4328 26 disgraceful disgraceful JJ 7960 4328 27 fashion fashion NN 7960 4328 28 year year NN 7960 4328 29 after after IN 7960 4328 30 year year NN 7960 4328 31 . . . 7960 4329 1 Marius Marius NNP 7960 4329 2 at at IN 7960 4329 3 last last RB 7960 4329 4 persuaded persuade VBD 7960 4329 5 the the DT 7960 4329 6 people people NNS 7960 4329 7 to to TO 7960 4329 8 elect elect VB 7960 4329 9 him -PRON- PRP 7960 4329 10 consul consul NN 7960 4329 11 and and CC 7960 4329 12 intrust intrust VB 7960 4329 13 him -PRON- PRP 7960 4329 14 with with IN 7960 4329 15 the the DT 7960 4329 16 conduct conduct NN 7960 4329 17 of of IN 7960 4329 18 the the DT 7960 4329 19 war war NN 7960 4329 20 . . . 7960 4330 1 By by IN 7960 4330 2 generalship generalship NN 7960 4330 3 and and CC 7960 4330 4 good good JJ 7960 4330 5 fortune fortune NN 7960 4330 6 he -PRON- PRP 7960 4330 7 speedily speedily RB 7960 4330 8 concluded conclude VBD 7960 4330 9 the the DT 7960 4330 10 struggle struggle NN 7960 4330 11 and and CC 7960 4330 12 brought bring VBD 7960 4330 13 Jugurtha Jugurtha NNP 7960 4330 14 in in IN 7960 4330 15 chains chain NNS 7960 4330 16 to to IN 7960 4330 17 Rome Rome NNP 7960 4330 18 . . . 7960 4331 1 MARIUS MARIUS NNP 7960 4331 2 AND and CC 7960 4331 3 THE the DT 7960 4331 4 WAR war NN 7960 4331 5 WITH with IN 7960 4331 6 THE the DT 7960 4331 7 GERMANS GERMANS NNPS 7960 4331 8 , , , 7960 4331 9 102 102 CD 7960 4331 10 - - SYM 7960 4331 11 101 101 CD 7960 4331 12 B.C. B.C. 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; : 7960 4339 12 he -PRON- PRP 7960 4339 13 rose rise VBD 7960 4339 14 rapidly rapidly RB 7960 4339 15 from from IN 7960 4339 16 one one CD 7960 4339 17 office office NN 7960 4339 18 to to IN 7960 4339 19 another another DT 7960 4339 20 ; ; : 7960 4339 21 and and CC 7960 4339 22 in in IN 7960 4339 23 the the DT 7960 4339 24 Social Social NNP 7960 4339 25 War War NNP 7960 4339 26 showed show VBD 7960 4339 27 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4339 28 skill skill NN 7960 4339 29 as as IN 7960 4339 30 a a DT 7960 4339 31 commander commander NN 7960 4339 32 . . . 7960 4340 1 This this DT 7960 4340 2 struggle struggle NN 7960 4340 3 was be VBD 7960 4340 4 the the DT 7960 4340 5 consequence consequence NN 7960 4340 6 of of IN 7960 4340 7 Rome Rome NNP 7960 4340 8 's 's POS 7960 4340 9 refusal refusal NN 7960 4340 10 to to TO 7960 4340 11 grant grant VB 7960 4340 12 the the DT 7960 4340 13 rights right NNS 7960 4340 14 of of IN 7960 4340 15 citizenship citizenship NN 7960 4340 16 to to IN 7960 4340 17 her -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4340 18 Italian italian JJ 7960 4340 19 allies ally NNS 7960 4340 20 . . . 7960 4341 1 The the DT 7960 4341 2 strength strength NN 7960 4341 3 of of IN 7960 4341 4 the the DT 7960 4341 5 rebellion rebellion NN 7960 4341 6 lay lie VBD 7960 4341 7 among among IN 7960 4341 8 the the DT 7960 4341 9 Samnites Samnites NNPS 7960 4341 10 and and CC 7960 4341 11 other other JJ 7960 4341 12 peoples people NNS 7960 4341 13 of of IN 7960 4341 14 central central JJ 7960 4341 15 and and CC 7960 4341 16 southern southern JJ 7960 4341 17 Italy Italy NNP 7960 4341 18 . . . 7960 4342 1 The the DT 7960 4342 2 war war NN 7960 4342 3 came come VBD 7960 4342 4 to to IN 7960 4342 5 an an DT 7960 4342 6 end end NN 7960 4342 7 only only RB 7960 4342 8 when when WRB 7960 4342 9 Rome Rome NNP 7960 4342 10 promised promise VBD 7960 4342 11 the the DT 7960 4342 12 franchise franchise NN 7960 4342 13 to to IN 7960 4342 14 all all DT 7960 4342 15 Italians Italians NNPS 7960 4342 16 who who WP 7960 4342 17 returned return VBD 7960 4342 18 to to IN 7960 4342 19 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4342 20 allegiance allegiance NN 7960 4342 21 . . . 7960 4343 1 Before before IN 7960 4343 2 many many JJ 7960 4343 3 years year NNS 7960 4343 4 had have VBD 7960 4343 5 passed pass VBN 7960 4343 6 , , , 7960 4343 7 the the DT 7960 4343 8 inhabitants inhabitant NNS 7960 4343 9 of of IN 7960 4343 10 nearly nearly RB 7960 4343 11 all all PDT 7960 4343 12 the the DT 7960 4343 13 Italian italian JJ 7960 4343 14 towns town NNS 7960 4343 15 south south RB 7960 4343 16 of of IN 7960 4343 17 the the DT 7960 4343 18 Rubicon Rubicon NNP 7960 4343 19 River River NNP 7960 4343 20 received receive VBD 7960 4343 21 Roman roman JJ 7960 4343 22 citizenship citizenship NN 7960 4343 23 . . . 7960 4344 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 4344 2 was be VBD 7960 4344 3 this this DT 7960 4344 4 same same JJ 7960 4344 5 wise wise JJ 7960 4344 6 policy policy NN 7960 4344 7 of of IN 7960 4344 8 making make VBG 7960 4344 9 conquered conquer VBN 7960 4344 10 peoples people NNS 7960 4344 11 equal equal JJ 7960 4344 12 with with IN 7960 4344 13 herself -PRON- PRP 7960 4344 14 that that WDT 7960 4344 15 afterwards afterwards RB 7960 4344 16 led lead VBD 7960 4344 17 Rome Rome NNP 7960 4344 18 to to TO 7960 4344 19 grant grant VB 7960 4344 20 citizenship citizenship NN 7960 4344 21 to to IN 7960 4344 22 the the DT 7960 4344 23 inhabitants inhabitant NNS 7960 4344 24 of of IN 7960 4344 25 the the DT 7960 4344 26 provinces province NNS 7960 4344 27 . . . 7960 4345 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 4345 2 22 22 CD 7960 4345 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 4345 4 SULLA SULLA NNP 7960 4345 5 AND and CC 7960 4345 6 THE the DT 7960 4345 7 MITHRADATIC MITHRADATIC NNP 7960 4345 8 WAR WAR NNP 7960 4345 9 , , , 7960 4345 10 88 88 CD 7960 4345 11 - - SYM 7960 4345 12 84 84 CD 7960 4345 13 B.C. B.C. NNP 7960 4346 1 What what WDT 7960 4346 2 military military JJ 7960 4346 3 honors honor NNS 7960 4346 4 were be VBD 7960 4346 5 gained gain VBN 7960 4346 6 in in IN 7960 4346 7 the the DT 7960 4346 8 struggle struggle NN 7960 4346 9 belonged belong VBD 7960 4346 10 to to IN 7960 4346 11 Sulla Sulla NNP 7960 4346 12 . . . 7960 4347 1 His -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4347 2 reward reward NN 7960 4347 3 was be VBD 7960 4347 4 the the DT 7960 4347 5 consulship consulship NN 7960 4347 6 and and CC 7960 4347 7 an an DT 7960 4347 8 appointment appointment NN 7960 4347 9 as as IN 7960 4347 10 general general JJ 7960 4347 11 in in IN 7960 4347 12 still still RB 7960 4347 13 another another DT 7960 4347 14 conflict conflict NN 7960 4347 15 which which WDT 7960 4347 16 distracted distract VBD 7960 4347 17 Rome Rome NNP 7960 4347 18 had have VBD 7960 4347 19 to to TO 7960 4347 20 face face VB 7960 4347 21 . . . 7960 4348 1 While while IN 7960 4348 2 that that DT 7960 4348 3 city city NN 7960 4348 4 had have VBD 7960 4348 5 been be VBN 7960 4348 6 busy busy JJ 7960 4348 7 with with IN 7960 4348 8 civil civil JJ 7960 4348 9 enemies enemy NNS 7960 4348 10 and and CC 7960 4348 11 barbarian barbarian JJ 7960 4348 12 foes foe NNS 7960 4348 13 , , , 7960 4348 14 a a DT 7960 4348 15 powerful powerful JJ 7960 4348 16 state state NN 7960 4348 17 , , , 7960 4348 18 known know VBN 7960 4348 19 as as IN 7960 4348 20 Pontus Pontus NNP 7960 4348 21 , , , 7960 4348 22 had have VBD 7960 4348 23 been be VBN 7960 4348 24 growing grow VBG 7960 4348 25 up up RP 7960 4348 26 in in IN 7960 4348 27 Asia Asia NNP 7960 4348 28 Minor Minor NNP 7960 4348 29 . . . 7960 4349 1 Its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4349 2 king king NN 7960 4349 3 , , , 7960 4349 4 Mithradates Mithradates NNP 7960 4349 5 , , , 7960 4349 6 overran overrun VBD 7960 4349 7 the the DT 7960 4349 8 Roman roman JJ 7960 4349 9 provinces province NNS 7960 4349 10 in in IN 7960 4349 11 the the DT 7960 4349 12 Orient Orient NNP 7960 4349 13 and and CC 7960 4349 14 threatened threaten VBD 7960 4349 15 to to TO 7960 4349 16 annex annex VB 7960 4349 17 them -PRON- PRP 7960 4349 18 to to IN 7960 4349 19 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4349 20 own own JJ 7960 4349 21 kingdom kingdom NN 7960 4349 22 . . . 7960 4350 1 But but CC 7960 4350 2 Sulla Sulla NNP 7960 4350 3 , , , 7960 4350 4 with with IN 7960 4350 5 greatly greatly RB 7960 4350 6 inferior inferior JJ 7960 4350 7 forces force NNS 7960 4350 8 , , , 7960 4350 9 compelled compel VBN 7960 4350 10 Mithradates Mithradates NNP 7960 4350 11 to to TO 7960 4350 12 abandon abandon VB 7960 4350 13 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4350 14 conquests conquest NNS 7960 4350 15 , , , 7960 4350 16 surrender surrender VB 7960 4350 17 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4350 18 fleet fleet NN 7960 4350 19 , , , 7960 4350 20 and and CC 7960 4350 21 pay pay VB 7960 4350 22 a a DT 7960 4350 23 large large JJ 7960 4350 24 indemnity indemnity NN 7960 4350 25 . . . 7960 4351 1 If if IN 7960 4351 2 Marius Marius NNP 7960 4351 3 had have VBD 7960 4351 4 the the DT 7960 4351 5 honor honor NN 7960 4351 6 of of IN 7960 4351 7 repelling repel VBG 7960 4351 8 the the DT 7960 4351 9 barbarian barbarian JJ 7960 4351 10 invasion invasion NN 7960 4351 11 of of IN 7960 4351 12 the the DT 7960 4351 13 West West NNP 7960 4351 14 , , , 7960 4351 15 Sulla Sulla NNP 7960 4351 16 had have VBD 7960 4351 17 the the DT 7960 4351 18 honor honor NN 7960 4351 19 of of IN 7960 4351 20 preserving preserve VBG 7960 4351 21 Rome Rome NNP 7960 4351 22 's 's POS 7960 4351 23 possessions possession NNS 7960 4351 24 in in IN 7960 4351 25 the the DT 7960 4351 26 East East NNP 7960 4351 27 . . . 7960 4352 1 RIVALRY RIVALRY NNP 7960 4352 2 OF of IN 7960 4352 3 MARIUS MARIUS NNP 7960 4352 4 AND and CC 7960 4352 5 SULLA SULLA NNP 7960 4352 6 Marius Marius NNP 7960 4352 7 and and CC 7960 4352 8 Sulla Sulla NNP 7960 4352 9 were be VBD 7960 4352 10 rivals rival NNS 7960 4352 11 not not RB 7960 4352 12 only only RB 7960 4352 13 in in IN 7960 4352 14 war war NN 7960 4352 15 but but CC 7960 4352 16 also also RB 7960 4352 17 in in IN 7960 4352 18 politics politic NNS 7960 4352 19 . . . 7960 4353 1 Sulla Sulla NNP 7960 4353 2 naturally naturally RB 7960 4353 3 espoused espouse VBD 7960 4353 4 the the DT 7960 4353 5 aristocratic aristocratic JJ 7960 4353 6 cause cause NN 7960 4353 7 and and CC 7960 4353 8 stood stand VBD 7960 4353 9 as as IN 7960 4353 10 the the DT 7960 4353 11 champion champion NN 7960 4353 12 of of IN 7960 4353 13 the the DT 7960 4353 14 Senate Senate NNP 7960 4353 15 . . . 7960 4354 1 Marius Marius NNP 7960 4354 2 just just RB 7960 4354 3 as as IN 7960 4354 4 naturally naturally RB 7960 4354 5 became become VBD 7960 4354 6 the the DT 7960 4354 7 head head NN 7960 4354 8 of of IN 7960 4354 9 the the DT 7960 4354 10 democratic democratic NNP 7960 4354 11 party party NNP 7960 4354 12 . . . 7960 4355 1 The the DT 7960 4355 2 rivalry rivalry NN 7960 4355 3 between between IN 7960 4355 4 the the DT 7960 4355 5 two two CD 7960 4355 6 leaders leader NNS 7960 4355 7 finally finally RB 7960 4355 8 led lead VBD 7960 4355 9 to to IN 7960 4355 10 civil civil JJ 7960 4355 11 war war NN 7960 4355 12 . . . 7960 4356 1 During during IN 7960 4356 2 Sulla Sulla NNP 7960 4356 3 's 's POS 7960 4356 4 absence absence NN 7960 4356 5 in in IN 7960 4356 6 the the DT 7960 4356 7 East East NNP 7960 4356 8 the the DT 7960 4356 9 democrats democrats NNPS 7960 4356 10 got get VBD 7960 4356 11 the the DT 7960 4356 12 upper upper JJ 7960 4356 13 hand hand NN 7960 4356 14 at at IN 7960 4356 15 Rome Rome NNP 7960 4356 16 and and CC 7960 4356 17 revenged revenge VBD 7960 4356 18 themselves -PRON- PRP 7960 4356 19 by by IN 7960 4356 20 murdering murder VBG 7960 4356 21 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4356 22 political political JJ 7960 4356 23 foes foe NNS 7960 4356 24 among among IN 7960 4356 25 the the DT 7960 4356 26 aristocrats aristocrat NNS 7960 4356 27 . . . 7960 4357 1 The the DT 7960 4357 2 reign reign NN 7960 4357 3 of of IN 7960 4357 4 terror terror NN 7960 4357 5 ended end VBD 7960 4357 6 only only RB 7960 4357 7 with with IN 7960 4357 8 the the DT 7960 4357 9 sudden sudden JJ 7960 4357 10 death death NN 7960 4357 11 of of IN 7960 4357 12 Marius Marius NNP 7960 4357 13 , , , 7960 4357 14 just just RB 7960 4357 15 after after IN 7960 4357 16 he -PRON- PRP 7960 4357 17 had have VBD 7960 4357 18 been be VBN 7960 4357 19 elected elect VBN 7960 4357 20 to to IN 7960 4357 21 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4357 22 seventh seventh JJ 7960 4357 23 consulship consulship NN 7960 4357 24 . . . 7960 4358 1 A a DT 7960 4358 2 few few JJ 7960 4358 3 years year NNS 7960 4358 4 later later RBR 7960 4358 5 Sulla Sulla NNP 7960 4358 6 returned return VBD 7960 4358 7 to to IN 7960 4358 8 Italy Italy NNP 7960 4358 9 with with IN 7960 4358 10 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4358 11 army army NN 7960 4358 12 and and CC 7960 4358 13 defeated defeat VBD 7960 4358 14 the the DT 7960 4358 15 democrats democrats NNPS 7960 4358 16 in in IN 7960 4358 17 a a DT 7960 4358 18 great great JJ 7960 4358 19 battle battle NN 7960 4358 20 outside outside IN 7960 4358 21 the the DT 7960 4358 22 Colline Colline NNP 7960 4358 23 Gate Gate NNP 7960 4358 24 of of IN 7960 4358 25 Rome Rome NNP 7960 4358 26 . . . 7960 4359 1 Sulla Sulla NNP 7960 4359 2 signalized signalize VBD 7960 4359 3 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4359 4 victory victory NN 7960 4359 5 by by IN 7960 4359 6 ordering order VBG 7960 4359 7 the the DT 7960 4359 8 assassination assassination NN 7960 4359 9 of of IN 7960 4359 10 every every DT 7960 4359 11 prominent prominent JJ 7960 4359 12 man man NN 7960 4359 13 in in IN 7960 4359 14 the the DT 7960 4359 15 democratic democratic NNP 7960 4359 16 party party NNP 7960 4359 17 . . . 7960 4360 1 SULLA SULLA NNP 7960 4360 2 AS as IN 7960 4360 3 " " `` 7960 4360 4 PERPETUAL PERPETUAL NNP 7960 4360 5 DICTATOR DICTATOR NNP 7960 4360 6 " " '' 7960 4360 7 Sulla Sulla NNP 7960 4360 8 regarded regard VBD 7960 4360 9 this this DT 7960 4360 10 legalized legalize VBN 7960 4360 11 butchery butchery NN 7960 4360 12 as as IN 7960 4360 13 a a DT 7960 4360 14 necessary necessary JJ 7960 4360 15 step step NN 7960 4360 16 in in IN 7960 4360 17 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4360 18 self- self- NNS 7960 4360 19 appointed appoint VBD 7960 4360 20 task task NN 7960 4360 21 of of IN 7960 4360 22 putting put VBG 7960 4360 23 the the DT 7960 4360 24 Roman roman JJ 7960 4360 25 government government NN 7960 4360 26 once once RB 7960 4360 27 more more RBR 7960 4360 28 to to IN 7960 4360 29 rights right NNS 7960 4360 30 . . . 7960 4361 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 4361 2 now now RB 7960 4361 3 received receive VBD 7960 4361 4 the the DT 7960 4361 5 title title NN 7960 4361 6 of of IN 7960 4361 7 " " `` 7960 4361 8 Perpetual Perpetual NNP 7960 4361 9 Dictator Dictator NNP 7960 4361 10 , , , 7960 4361 11 " " '' 7960 4361 12 with with IN 7960 4361 13 complete complete JJ 7960 4361 14 authority authority NN 7960 4361 15 to to TO 7960 4361 16 govern govern VB 7960 4361 17 the the DT 7960 4361 18 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NNP 7960 4364 1 The the DT 7960 4364 2 various various JJ 7960 4364 3 measures measure NNS 7960 4364 4 by by IN 7960 4364 5 which which WDT 7960 4364 6 Sulla Sulla NNP 7960 4364 7 intrenched intrench VBD 7960 4364 8 the the DT 7960 4364 9 Senate Senate NNP 7960 4364 10 in in IN 7960 4364 11 power power NN 7960 4364 12 did do VBD 7960 4364 13 not not RB 7960 4364 14 long long RB 7960 4364 15 survive survive VB 7960 4364 16 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4364 17 death death NN 7960 4364 18 and and CC 7960 4364 19 hence hence RB 7960 4364 20 had have VBD 7960 4364 21 no no DT 7960 4364 22 lasting lasting JJ 7960 4364 23 influence influence NN 7960 4364 24 on on IN 7960 4364 25 Roman roman JJ 7960 4364 26 politics politic NNS 7960 4364 27 . . . 7960 4365 1 After after IN 7960 4365 2 a a DT 7960 4365 3 rule rule NN 7960 4365 4 of of IN 7960 4365 5 three three CD 7960 4365 6 years year NNS 7960 4365 7 Sulla Sulla NNP 7960 4365 8 voluntarily voluntarily RB 7960 4365 9 gave give VBD 7960 4365 10 up up 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that DT 7960 4369 5 was be VBD 7960 4369 6 one one CD 7960 4369 7 epitaph epitaph NN 7960 4369 8 which which WDT 7960 4369 9 told tell VBD 7960 4369 10 the the DT 7960 4369 11 truth truth NN 7960 4369 12 . . . 7960 4370 1 62 62 CD 7960 4370 2 . . . 7960 4371 1 POMPEY POMPEY NNP 7960 4371 2 AND and CC 7960 4371 3 CAESAR CAESAR NNP 7960 4371 4 RISE RISE NNS 7960 4371 5 OF of IN 7960 4371 6 POMPEY pompey NN 7960 4371 7 The the DT 7960 4371 8 struggle struggle NN 7960 4371 9 between between IN 7960 4371 10 Marius Marius NNP 7960 4371 11 and and CC 7960 4371 12 Sulla Sulla NNP 7960 4371 13 , , , 7960 4371 14 decided decide VBD 7960 4371 15 as as IN 7960 4371 16 it -PRON- PRP 7960 4371 17 was be VBD 7960 4371 18 by by IN 7960 4371 19 the the DT 7960 4371 20 sword sword NN 7960 4371 21 , , , 7960 4371 22 marks mark VBZ 7960 4371 23 a a DT 7960 4371 24 stage stage NN 7960 4371 25 in in IN 7960 4371 26 the the DT 7960 4371 27 decline decline NN 7960 4371 28 of of IN 7960 4371 29 the the DT 7960 4371 30 Roman Roman NNP 7960 4371 31 Republic Republic NNP 7960 4371 32 . . . 7960 4372 1 The the DT 7960 4372 2 careers career NNS 7960 4372 3 of of IN 7960 4372 4 these these DT 7960 4372 5 two two CD 7960 4372 6 men man NNS 7960 4372 7 showed show VBD 7960 4372 8 how how WRB 7960 4372 9 easily easily RB 7960 4372 10 the the DT 7960 4372 11 state state NN 7960 4372 12 could could MD 7960 4372 13 be be VB 7960 4372 14 ruled rule VBN 7960 4372 15 by by IN 7960 4372 16 a a DT 7960 4372 17 successful successful JJ 7960 4372 18 commander commander NN 7960 4372 19 who who WP 7960 4372 20 had have VBD 7960 4372 21 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4372 22 soldiers soldier NNS 7960 4372 23 behind behind IN 7960 4372 24 him -PRON- PRP 7960 4372 25 . . . 7960 4373 1 After after IN 7960 4373 2 Sulla Sulla NNP 7960 4373 3 's 's POS 7960 4373 4 death death NN 7960 4373 5 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4373 6 friend friend NN 7960 4373 7 Pompey Pompey NNP 7960 4373 8 became become VBD 7960 4373 9 the the DT 7960 4373 10 leading lead VBG 7960 4373 11 figure figure NN 7960 4373 12 in in IN 7960 4373 13 Roman roman JJ 7960 4373 14 politics politic NNS 7960 4373 15 . . . 7960 4374 1 Pompey Pompey NNP 7960 4374 2 's 's POS 7960 4374 3 first first JJ 7960 4374 4 service service NN 7960 4374 5 was be VBD 7960 4374 6 in in IN 7960 4374 7 Spain Spain NNP 7960 4374 8 , , , 7960 4374 9 where where WRB 7960 4374 10 the the DT 7960 4374 11 adherents adherent NNS 7960 4374 12 of of IN 7960 4374 13 Marius Marius NNP 7960 4374 14 sought seek VBD 7960 4374 15 to to TO 7960 4374 16 humble humble VB 7960 4374 17 the the DT 7960 4374 18 Senate Senate NNP 7960 4374 19 and and CC 7960 4374 20 the the DT 7960 4374 21 aristocratic aristocratic JJ 7960 4374 22 party party NN 7960 4374 23 by by IN 7960 4374 24 encouraging encourage VBG 7960 4374 25 the the DT 7960 4374 26 Spaniards Spaniards NNPS 7960 4374 27 to to TO 7960 4374 28 rise rise VB 7960 4374 29 against against IN 7960 4374 30 Roman roman JJ 7960 4374 31 rule rule 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against IN 7960 4376 9 the the DT 7960 4376 10 pirates pirate NNS 7960 4376 11 , , , 7960 4376 12 who who WP 7960 4376 13 swarmed swarm VBD 7960 4376 14 in in IN 7960 4376 15 the the DT 7960 4376 16 Mediterranean Mediterranean NNP 7960 4376 17 , , , 7960 4376 18 preyed prey VBN 7960 4376 19 on on IN 7960 4376 20 commerce commerce NN 7960 4376 21 , , , 7960 4376 22 and and CC 7960 4376 23 plundered plunder VBD 7960 4376 24 wealthy wealthy JJ 7960 4376 25 cities city NNS 7960 4376 26 near near IN 7960 4376 27 the the DT 7960 4376 28 coast coast NN 7960 4376 29 . . . 7960 4377 1 Brilliant brilliant JJ 7960 4377 2 success success NN 7960 4377 3 in in IN 7960 4377 4 clearing clear VBG 7960 4377 5 the the DT 7960 4377 6 seas sea NNS 7960 4377 7 of of IN 7960 4377 8 these these DT 7960 4377 9 marauders marauder NNS 7960 4377 10 led lead VBD 7960 4377 11 to to IN 7960 4377 12 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4377 13 being be VBG 7960 4377 14 sent send VBN 7960 4377 15 to to IN 7960 4377 16 the the DT 7960 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7960 4379 5 Rome Rome NNP 7960 4379 6 in in IN 7960 4379 7 62 62 CD 7960 4379 8 B.C. B.C. NNP 7960 4379 9 , , , 7960 4379 10 he -PRON- PRP 7960 4379 11 brought bring VBD 7960 4379 12 with with IN 7960 4379 13 him -PRON- PRP 7960 4379 14 a a DT 7960 4379 15 reputation reputation NN 7960 4379 16 as as IN 7960 4379 17 the the DT 7960 4379 18 most most RBS 7960 4379 19 successful successful JJ 7960 4379 20 general general NN 7960 4379 21 of of IN 7960 4379 22 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4379 23 time time NN 7960 4379 24 . . . 7960 4380 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 4380 2 Illustration illustration NN 7960 4380 3 : : : 7960 4380 4 GNAEUS GNAEUS NNP 7960 4380 5 POMPEIUS POMPEIUS NNP 7960 4380 6 MAGNUS MAGNUS NNP 7960 4380 7 ( ( -LRB- 7960 4380 8 Spada Spada NNP 7960 4380 9 Palace Palace NNP 7960 4380 10 , , , 7960 4380 11 Rome Rome NNP 7960 4380 12 ) ) -RRB- 7960 4380 13 ] ] -RRB- 7960 4380 14 MARCUS MARCUS NNP 7960 4380 15 TULLIUS tulliu NNS 7960 4380 16 CICERO cicero VBP 7960 4380 17 We -PRON- PRP 7960 4380 18 have have VBP 7960 4380 19 seen see VBN 7960 4380 20 how how WRB 7960 4380 21 steadily steadily RB 7960 4380 22 since since IN 7960 4380 23 the the DT 7960 4380 24 days day NNS 7960 4380 25 of of IN 7960 4380 26 the the DT 7960 4380 27 Gracchi Gracchi NNP 7960 4380 28 the the DT 7960 4380 29 Roman roman JJ 7960 4380 30 state state NN 7960 4380 31 had have VBD 7960 4380 32 been be VBN 7960 4380 33 moving move VBG 7960 4380 34 toward toward IN 7960 4380 35 the the DT 7960 4380 36 rule rule NN 7960 4380 37 of of IN 7960 4380 38 one one CD 7960 4380 39 man man NN 7960 4380 40 . . . 7960 4381 1 Marius Marius NNP 7960 4381 2 , , , 7960 4381 3 Sulla Sulla NNP 7960 4381 4 , , , 7960 4381 5 and and CC 7960 4381 6 Pompey Pompey NNS 7960 4381 7 each each DT 7960 4381 8 represent represent VBP 7960 4381 9 a a DT 7960 4381 10 step step NN 7960 4381 11 in in IN 7960 4381 12 the the DT 7960 4381 13 direction direction NN 7960 4381 14 of of IN 7960 4381 15 monarchy monarchy NN 7960 4381 16 . . . 7960 4382 1 Yet yet CC 7960 4382 2 there there EX 7960 4382 3 were be VBD 7960 4382 4 still still RB 7960 4382 5 able able JJ 7960 4382 6 and and CC 7960 4382 7 patriotic patriotic JJ 7960 4382 8 leaders leader NNS 7960 4382 9 at at IN 7960 4382 10 Rome Rome NNP 7960 4382 11 who who WP 7960 4382 12 believed believe VBD 7960 4382 13 in in IN 7960 4382 14 the the DT 7960 4382 15 old old JJ 7960 4382 16 order order NN 7960 4382 17 of of IN 7960 4382 18 things thing NNS 7960 4382 19 and and CC 7960 4382 20 tried try VBD 7960 4382 21 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4382 22 best good JJS 7960 4382 23 to to TO 7960 4382 24 uphold uphold VB 7960 4382 25 the the DT 7960 4382 26 fast fast RB 7960 4382 27 - - HYPH 7960 4382 28 perishing perish VBG 7960 4382 29 republic republic NN 7960 4382 30 . . . 7960 4383 1 No no DT 7960 4383 2 republican republican JJ 7960 4383 3 statesman statesman NN 7960 4383 4 was be VBD 7960 4383 5 more more RBR 7960 4383 6 devoted devoted JJ 7960 4383 7 to to IN 7960 4383 8 the the DT 7960 4383 9 constitution constitution NN 7960 4383 10 than than IN 7960 4383 11 Cicero Cicero NNP 7960 4383 12 . . . 7960 4384 1 A a DT 7960 4384 2 native native NN 7960 4384 3 of of IN 7960 4384 4 Arpinum Arpinum NNP 7960 4384 5 , , , 7960 4384 6 the the DT 7960 4384 7 same same JJ 7960 4384 8 Italian italian JJ 7960 4384 9 town town NN 7960 4384 10 which which WDT 7960 4384 11 had have VBD 7960 4384 12 already already RB 7960 4384 13 given give VBN 7960 4384 14 birth birth NN 7960 4384 15 to to IN 7960 4384 16 Marius Marius NNP 7960 4384 17 , , , 7960 4384 18 Cicero Cicero NNP 7960 4384 19 came come VBD 7960 4384 20 to to IN 7960 4384 21 Rome Rome NNP 7960 4384 22 a a DT 7960 4384 23 youth youth NN 7960 4384 24 without without IN 7960 4384 25 wealth wealth NN 7960 4384 26 or or CC 7960 4384 27 family family NN 7960 4384 28 influence influence NN 7960 4384 29 . . . 7960 4385 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 4385 2 made make VBD 7960 4385 3 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4385 4 way way NN 7960 4385 5 into into IN 7960 4385 6 Roman roman JJ 7960 4385 7 society society NN 7960 4385 8 by by IN 7960 4385 9 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4385 10 social social JJ 7960 4385 11 and and CC 7960 4385 12 conversational conversational JJ 7960 4385 13 powers power NNS 7960 4385 14 and and CC 7960 4385 15 by by IN 7960 4385 16 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4385 17 capacity capacity NN 7960 4385 18 for for IN 7960 4385 19 friendship friendship NN 7960 4385 20 . . . 7960 4386 1 His -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4386 2 mind mind NN 7960 4386 3 had have VBD 7960 4386 4 been be VBN 7960 4386 5 carefully carefully RB 7960 4386 6 trained train VBN 7960 4386 7 under under IN 7960 4386 8 the the DT 7960 4386 9 influence influence NN 7960 4386 10 of of IN 7960 4386 11 Hellenic Hellenic NNP 7960 4386 12 culture culture NN 7960 4386 13 ; 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NNP 7960 4417 1 Caesar Caesar NNP 7960 4417 2 and and CC 7960 4417 3 Crassus Crassus NNP 7960 4417 4 , , , 7960 4417 5 the the DT 7960 4417 6 two two CD 7960 4417 7 leaders leader NNS 7960 4417 8 of of IN 7960 4417 9 the the DT 7960 4417 10 democratic democratic JJ 7960 4417 11 party party NN 7960 4417 12 at at IN 7960 4417 13 Rome Rome NNP 7960 4417 14 , , , 7960 4417 15 now now RB 7960 4417 16 joined join VBD 7960 4417 17 with with IN 7960 4417 18 Pompey Pompey NNPS 7960 4417 19 in in IN 7960 4417 20 what what WP 7960 4417 21 is be VBZ 7960 4417 22 called call VBN 7960 4417 23 the the DT 7960 4417 24 First First NNP 7960 4417 25 Triumvirate Triumvirate NNP 7960 4417 26 . . . 7960 4418 1 To to IN 7960 4418 2 this this DT 7960 4418 3 " " `` 7960 4418 4 ring ring NN 7960 4418 5 " " '' 7960 4418 6 Pompey Pompey NNPS 7960 4418 7 contributed contribute VBD 7960 4418 8 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4418 9 military military JJ 7960 4418 10 reputation reputation NN 7960 4418 11 , , , 7960 4418 12 Crassus Crassus NNP 7960 4418 13 , , , 7960 4418 14 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4418 15 wealth wealth NN 7960 4418 16 , , , 7960 4418 17 and and CC 7960 4418 18 Caesar Caesar NNP 7960 4418 19 , , , 7960 4418 20 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4418 21 influence influence NN 7960 4418 22 over over IN 7960 4418 23 the the DT 7960 4418 24 Roman roman JJ 7960 4418 25 mob mob NN 7960 4418 26 . . . 7960 4419 1 Supported support VBN 7960 4419 2 both both CC 7960 4419 3 by by IN 7960 4419 4 the the DT 7960 4419 5 people people NNS 7960 4419 6 and and CC 7960 4419 7 by by IN 7960 4419 8 the the DT 7960 4419 9 army army NN 7960 4419 10 , , , 7960 4419 11 these these DT 7960 4419 12 three three CD 7960 4419 13 men man NNS 7960 4419 14 were be VBD 7960 4419 15 really really RB 7960 4419 16 masters master NNS 7960 4419 17 of of IN 7960 4419 18 Rome Rome NNP 7960 4419 19 . . . 7960 4420 1 An an DT 7960 4420 2 immediate immediate JJ 7960 4420 3 result result NN 7960 4420 4 of of IN 7960 4420 5 the the DT 7960 4420 6 First First NNP 7960 4420 7 Triumvirate Triumvirate NNP 7960 4420 8 was be VBD 7960 4420 9 the the DT 7960 4420 10 appointment appointment NN 7960 4420 11 of of IN 7960 4420 12 Caesar Caesar NNP 7960 4420 13 as as IN 7960 4420 14 governor governor NN 7960 4420 15 of of IN 7960 4420 16 Cisalpine Cisalpine NNP 7960 4420 17 and and CC 7960 4420 18 Transalpine Transalpine NNP 7960 4420 19 Gaul Gaul NNP 7960 4420 20 . . . 7960 4421 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 4421 2 Illustration illustration NN 7960 4421 3 : : : 7960 4421 4 GAIUS GAIUS NNP 7960 4421 5 JULIUS JULIUS NNP 7960 4421 6 CAESAR CAESAR NNP 7960 4421 7 ( ( -LRB- 7960 4421 8 British British NNP 7960 4421 9 Museum Museum NNP 7960 4421 10 , , , 7960 4421 11 London London NNP 7960 4421 12 ) ) -RRB- 7960 4421 13 ] ] -RRB- 7960 4421 14 CAESAR CAESAR NNP 7960 4421 15 'S 'S NNP 7960 4421 16 CAMPAIGNS CAMPAIGNS NNP 7960 4421 17 IN in IN 7960 4421 18 GAUL GAUL NNP 7960 4421 19 , , , 7960 4421 20 58 58 CD 7960 4421 21 - - SYM 7960 4421 22 50 50 CD 7960 4421 23 B.C. B.C. NNP 7960 4422 1 The the DT 7960 4422 2 story story NN 7960 4422 3 of of IN 7960 4422 4 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4422 5 career career NN 7960 4422 6 in in IN 7960 4422 7 Gaul Gaul NNP 7960 4422 8 has have VBZ 7960 4422 9 been be VBN 7960 4422 10 related relate VBN 7960 4422 11 by by IN 7960 4422 12 Caesar Caesar NNP 7960 4422 13 himself -PRON- PRP 7960 4422 14 in in IN 7960 4422 15 the the DT 7960 4422 16 famous famous JJ 7960 4422 17 _ _ NNP 7960 4422 18 Commentaries Commentaries NNPS 7960 4422 19 _ _ NNP 7960 4422 20 . . . 7960 4423 1 This this DT 7960 4423 2 book book NN 7960 4423 3 describes describe VBZ 7960 4423 4 a a DT 7960 4423 5 series series NN 7960 4423 6 of of IN 7960 4423 7 military military JJ 7960 4423 8 successes success NNS 7960 4423 9 which which WDT 7960 4423 10 have have VBP 7960 4423 11 given give VBN 7960 4423 12 the the DT 7960 4423 13 author author NN 7960 4423 14 a a DT 7960 4423 15 place place NN 7960 4423 16 among among IN 7960 4423 17 the the DT 7960 4423 18 world world NN 7960 4423 19 's 's POS 7960 4423 20 generals general NNS 7960 4423 21 . . . 7960 4424 1 Caesar Caesar NNP 7960 4424 2 overran overran NN 7960 4424 3 Transalpine Transalpine NNP 7960 4424 4 Gaul Gaul NNP 7960 4424 5 , , , 7960 4424 6 twice twice RB 7960 4424 7 bridged bridge VBD 7960 4424 8 the the DT 7960 4424 9 Rhine Rhine NNP 7960 4424 10 and and CC 7960 4424 11 invaded invade VBD 7960 4424 12 Germany Germany NNP 7960 4424 13 , , , 7960 4424 14 made make VBD 7960 4424 15 two two CD 7960 4424 16 expeditions expedition NNS 7960 4424 17 to to IN 7960 4424 18 Britain Britain NNP 7960 4424 19 , , , 7960 4424 20 and and CC 7960 4424 21 brought bring VBD 7960 4424 22 within within IN 7960 4424 23 the the DT 7960 4424 24 Roman roman JJ 7960 4424 25 dominions dominion NNS 7960 4424 26 all all PDT 7960 4424 27 the the DT 7960 4424 28 territory territory NN 7960 4424 29 bounded bound VBN 7960 4424 30 by by IN 7960 4424 31 the the DT 7960 4424 32 Pyrenees Pyrenees NNPS 7960 4424 33 , , , 7960 4424 34 the the DT 7960 4424 35 Alps Alps NNPS 7960 4424 36 , , , 7960 4424 37 the the DT 7960 4424 38 Rhine Rhine NNP 7960 4424 39 , , , 7960 4424 40 and and CC 7960 4424 41 the the DT 7960 4424 42 Atlantic Atlantic NNP 7960 4424 43 Ocean Ocean NNP 7960 4424 44 . . . 7960 4425 1 ROMANIZATION romanization NN 7960 4425 2 OF of IN 7960 4425 3 GAUL GAUL NNP 7960 4425 4 Caesar Caesar NNP 7960 4425 5 's 's POS 7960 4425 6 conquests conquest NNS 7960 4425 7 in in IN 7960 4425 8 Gaul Gaul NNP 7960 4425 9 are be VBP 7960 4425 10 more more JJR 7960 4425 11 than than IN 7960 4425 12 a a DT 7960 4425 13 chapter chapter NN 7960 4425 14 in in IN 7960 4425 15 the the DT 7960 4425 16 history history NN 7960 4425 17 of of IN 7960 4425 18 the the DT 7960 4425 19 art art NN 7960 4425 20 of of IN 7960 4425 21 war war NN 7960 4425 22 . . . 7960 4426 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 4426 2 belong belong VBP 7960 4426 3 to to IN 7960 4426 4 the the DT 7960 4426 5 history history NN 7960 4426 6 of of IN 7960 4426 7 civilization civilization NN 7960 4426 8 . . . 7960 4427 1 Henceforth henceforth RB 7960 4427 2 the the DT 7960 4427 3 frontier frontier NN 7960 4427 4 of of IN 7960 4427 5 prehistoric prehistoric JJ 7960 4427 6 Europe Europe NNP 7960 4427 7 retreated retreat VBD 7960 4427 8 rapidly rapidly RB 7960 4427 9 to to IN 7960 4427 10 the the DT 7960 4427 11 north north NN 7960 4427 12 . . . 7960 4428 1 The the DT 7960 4428 2 map map NN 7960 4428 3 of of IN 7960 4428 4 the the DT 7960 4428 5 ancient ancient JJ 7960 4428 6 civilized civilized JJ 7960 4428 7 world world NN 7960 4428 8 widened widen VBD 7960 4428 9 from from IN 7960 4428 10 the the DT 7960 4428 11 Mediterranean Mediterranean NNP 7960 4428 12 basin basin NN 7960 4428 13 to to IN 7960 4428 14 the the DT 7960 4428 15 shores shore NNS 7960 4428 16 of of IN 7960 4428 17 the the DT 7960 4428 18 Atlantic Atlantic NNP 7960 4428 19 . . . 7960 4429 1 Into into IN 7960 4429 2 the the DT 7960 4429 3 conquered conquer VBN 7960 4429 4 lands land NNS 7960 4429 5 came come VBD 7960 4429 6 the the DT 7960 4429 7 Latin latin JJ 7960 4429 8 language language NN 7960 4429 9 , , , 7960 4429 10 the the DT 7960 4429 11 Roman roman JJ 7960 4429 12 law law NN 7960 4429 13 , , , 7960 4429 14 and and CC 7960 4429 15 the the DT 7960 4429 16 customs custom NNS 7960 4429 17 and and CC 7960 4429 18 institutions institution NNS 7960 4429 19 of of IN 7960 4429 20 Rome Rome NNP 7960 4429 21 . . . 7960 4430 1 Gaul Gaul NNP 7960 4430 2 speedily speedily RB 7960 4430 3 became become VBD 7960 4430 4 one one CD 7960 4430 5 of of IN 7960 4430 6 the the DT 7960 4430 7 most most RBS 7960 4430 8 flourishing flourishing JJ 7960 4430 9 parts part NNS 7960 4430 10 of of IN 7960 4430 11 the the DT 7960 4430 12 Roman roman JJ 7960 4430 13 world world NN 7960 4430 14 . . . 7960 4431 1 " " `` 7960 4431 2 Let let VB 7960 4431 3 the the DT 7960 4431 4 Alps Alps NNP 7960 4431 5 sink sink NN 7960 4431 6 , , , 7960 4431 7 " " '' 7960 4431 8 exclaimed exclaim VBD 7960 4431 9 Cicero Cicero NNP 7960 4431 10 , , , 7960 4431 11 " " '' 7960 4431 12 the the DT 7960 4431 13 gods god NNS 7960 4431 14 raised raise VBD 7960 4431 15 them -PRON- PRP 7960 4431 16 to to TO 7960 4431 17 shelter shelter VB 7960 4431 18 Italy Italy NNP 7960 4431 19 from from IN 7960 4431 20 the the DT 7960 4431 21 barbarians barbarian NNS 7960 4431 22 , , , 7960 4431 23 but but CC 7960 4431 24 now now RB 7960 4431 25 they -PRON- PRP 7960 4431 26 are be VBP 7960 4431 27 no no RB 7960 4431 28 longer long RBR 7960 4431 29 needed need VBN 7960 4431 30 . . . 7960 4431 31 " " '' 7960 4432 1 DEFEAT defeat NN 7960 4432 2 AND and CC 7960 4432 3 DEATH death NN 7960 4432 4 OF of IN 7960 4432 5 CRASSUS CRASSUS NNP 7960 4432 6 , , , 7960 4432 7 53 53 CD 7960 4432 8 B.C. B.C. NNP 7960 4433 1 During during IN 7960 4433 2 Caesar Caesar NNP 7960 4433 3 's 's POS 7960 4433 4 long long JJ 7960 4433 5 absence absence NN 7960 4433 6 in in IN 7960 4433 7 Gaul Gaul NNP 7960 4433 8 the the DT 7960 4433 9 First First NNP 7960 4433 10 Triumvirate Triumvirate NNP 7960 4433 11 was be VBD 7960 4433 12 suddenly suddenly RB 7960 4433 13 ended end VBN 7960 4433 14 by by IN 7960 4433 15 the the DT 7960 4433 16 death death NN 7960 4433 17 of of IN 7960 4433 18 one one CD 7960 4433 19 of of IN 7960 4433 20 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4433 21 members member NNS 7960 4433 22 . . . 7960 4434 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 4434 2 had have VBD 7960 4434 3 been be VBN 7960 4434 4 a a DT 7960 4434 5 part part NN 7960 4434 6 of of IN 7960 4434 7 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4434 8 bargain bargain NN 7960 4434 9 in in IN 7960 4434 10 dividing divide VBG 7960 4434 11 the the DT 7960 4434 12 Roman roman JJ 7960 4434 13 world world NN 7960 4434 14 that that IN 7960 4434 15 Crassus Crassus NNP 7960 4434 16 should should MD 7960 4434 17 have have VB 7960 4434 18 the the DT 7960 4434 19 government government NN 7960 4434 20 of of IN 7960 4434 21 Syria Syria NNP 7960 4434 22 . . . 7960 4435 1 But but CC 7960 4435 2 this this DT 7960 4435 3 unlucky unlucky JJ 7960 4435 4 general general NN 7960 4435 5 , , , 7960 4435 6 while while IN 7960 4435 7 aspiring aspire VBG 7960 4435 8 to to IN 7960 4435 9 rival rival JJ 7960 4435 10 Caesar Caesar NNP 7960 4435 11 's 's POS 7960 4435 12 exploits exploit NNS 7960 4435 13 by by IN 7960 4435 14 new new JJ 7960 4435 15 conquests conquest NNS 7960 4435 16 beyond beyond IN 7960 4435 17 the the DT 7960 4435 18 Euphrates Euphrates NNP 7960 4435 19 , , , 7960 4435 20 lost lose VBD 7960 4435 21 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4435 22 army army NN 7960 4435 23 and and CC 7960 4435 24 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4435 25 life life NN 7960 4435 26 in in IN 7960 4435 27 battle battle NN 7960 4435 28 with with IN 7960 4435 29 the the DT 7960 4435 30 Parthians Parthians NNPS 7960 4435 31 . . . 7960 4436 1 Besides besides IN 7960 4436 2 checking check VBG 7960 4436 3 the the DT 7960 4436 4 extension extension NN 7960 4436 5 of of IN 7960 4436 6 the the DT 7960 4436 7 Roman roman JJ 7960 4436 8 arms arm NNS 7960 4436 9 in in IN 7960 4436 10 the the DT 7960 4436 11 remote remote JJ 7960 4436 12 East East NNP 7960 4436 13 , , , 7960 4436 14 the the DT 7960 4436 15 disaster disaster NN 7960 4436 16 had have VBD 7960 4436 17 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4436 18 effect effect NN 7960 4436 19 on on IN 7960 4436 20 Roman roman JJ 7960 4436 21 politics politic NNS 7960 4436 22 . . . 7960 4437 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 4437 2 dissolved dissolve VBD 7960 4437 3 the the DT 7960 4437 4 triumvirate triumvirate NN 7960 4437 5 and and CC 7960 4437 6 prepared prepare VBD 7960 4437 7 the the DT 7960 4437 8 way way NN 7960 4437 9 for for IN 7960 4437 10 that that DT 7960 4437 11 rivalry rivalry NN 7960 4437 12 between between IN 7960 4437 13 Caesar Caesar NNP 7960 4437 14 and and CC 7960 4437 15 Pompey Pompey NNP 7960 4437 16 which which WDT 7960 4437 17 formed form VBD 7960 4437 18 the the DT 7960 4437 19 next next JJ 7960 4437 20 step step NN 7960 4437 21 in in IN 7960 4437 22 the the DT 7960 4437 23 downward downward JJ 7960 4437 24 course course NN 7960 4437 25 of of IN 7960 4437 26 the the DT 7960 4437 27 republic republic NN 7960 4437 28 . . . 7960 4438 1 GROWING grow VBG 7960 4438 2 OPPOSITION opposition NN 7960 4438 3 BETWEEN between IN 7960 4438 4 POMPEY pompey NN 7960 4438 5 AND and CC 7960 4438 6 CAESAR caesar VB 7960 4438 7 The the DT 7960 4438 8 two two CD 7960 4438 9 men man NNS 7960 4438 10 were be VBD 7960 4438 11 now now RB 7960 4438 12 rapidly rapidly RB 7960 4438 13 drawing draw VBG 7960 4438 14 apart apart RB 7960 4438 15 . . . 7960 4439 1 Pompey Pompey NNS 7960 4439 2 grew grow VBD 7960 4439 3 more more JJR 7960 4439 4 and and CC 7960 4439 5 more more RBR 7960 4439 6 jealous jealous JJ 7960 4439 7 of of IN 7960 4439 8 Caesar Caesar NNP 7960 4439 9 and and CC 7960 4439 10 more more JJR 7960 4439 11 and and CC 7960 4439 12 more more RBR 7960 4439 13 fearful fearful JJ 7960 4439 14 that that IN 7960 4439 15 the the DT 7960 4439 16 latter latter JJ 7960 4439 17 was be VBD 7960 4439 18 aiming aim VBG 7960 4439 19 at at IN 7960 4439 20 despotic despotic JJ 7960 4439 21 power power NN 7960 4439 22 . . . 7960 4440 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 4440 2 himself -PRON- PRP 7960 4440 3 had have VBD 7960 4440 4 no no DT 7960 4440 5 desire desire NN 7960 4440 6 to to TO 7960 4440 7 be be VB 7960 4440 8 king king NN 7960 4440 9 or or CC 7960 4440 10 dictator dictator NN 7960 4440 11 . . . 7960 4441 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 4441 2 was be VBD 7960 4441 3 equally equally RB 7960 4441 4 determined determined JJ 7960 4441 5 that that IN 7960 4441 6 Caesar Caesar NNP 7960 4441 7 should should MD 7960 4441 8 not not RB 7960 4441 9 gain gain VB 7960 4441 10 such such PDT 7960 4441 11 a a DT 7960 4441 12 position position NN 7960 4441 13 . . . 7960 4442 1 In in IN 7960 4442 2 this this DT 7960 4442 3 attitude attitude NN 7960 4442 4 he -PRON- PRP 7960 4442 5 had have VBD 7960 4442 6 the the DT 7960 4442 7 full full JJ 7960 4442 8 support support NN 7960 4442 9 of of IN 7960 4442 10 Cicero Cicero NNP 7960 4442 11 and and CC 7960 4442 12 the the DT 7960 4442 13 other other JJ 7960 4442 14 members member NNS 7960 4442 15 of of IN 7960 4442 16 the the DT 7960 4442 17 Senate Senate NNP 7960 4442 18 . . . 7960 4443 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 4443 2 saw see VBD 7960 4443 3 clearly clearly RB 7960 4443 4 that that IN 7960 4443 5 the the DT 7960 4443 6 real real JJ 7960 4443 7 danger danger NN 7960 4443 8 to to IN 7960 4443 9 the the DT 7960 4443 10 state state NN 7960 4443 11 was be VBD 7960 4443 12 Caesar Caesar NNP 7960 4443 13 , , , 7960 4443 14 not not RB 7960 4443 15 Pompey Pompey NNPS 7960 4443 16 . . . 7960 4444 1 CAESAR CAESAR NNP 7960 4444 2 DECLARES DECLARES NNP 7960 4444 3 WAR WAR NNP 7960 4444 4 IN in IN 7960 4444 5 THE the DT 7960 4444 6 REPUBLIC REPUBLIC NNP 7960 4444 7 , , , 7960 4444 8 49 49 CD 7960 4444 9 B.C. B.C. NNP 7960 4445 1 Caesar Caesar NNP 7960 4445 2 's 's POS 7960 4445 3 command command NN 7960 4445 4 in in IN 7960 4445 5 Gaul Gaul NNP 7960 4445 6 was be VBD 7960 4445 7 to to TO 7960 4445 8 expire expire VB 7960 4445 9 in in IN 7960 4445 10 49 49 CD 7960 4445 11 B.C. B.C. NNS 7960 4446 1 The the DT 7960 4446 2 senatorial senatorial JJ 7960 4446 3 party party NN 7960 4446 4 desired desire VBD 7960 4446 5 that that IN 7960 4446 6 he -PRON- PRP 7960 4446 7 should should MD 7960 4446 8 return return VB 7960 4446 9 to to IN 7960 4446 10 Rome Rome NNP 7960 4446 11 without without IN 7960 4446 12 an an DT 7960 4446 13 army army NN 7960 4446 14 . . . 7960 4447 1 His -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4447 2 opponents opponent NNS 7960 4447 3 intended intend VBD 7960 4447 4 to to TO 7960 4447 5 prosecute prosecute VB 7960 4447 6 him -PRON- PRP 7960 4447 7 when when WRB 7960 4447 8 he -PRON- PRP 7960 4447 9 became become VBD 7960 4447 10 a a DT 7960 4447 11 private private JJ 7960 4447 12 citizen citizen NN 7960 4447 13 . . . 7960 4448 1 Caesar Caesar NNP 7960 4448 2 had have VBD 7960 4448 3 no no DT 7960 4448 4 inclination inclination NN 7960 4448 5 to to TO 7960 4448 6 trust trust VB 7960 4448 7 himself -PRON- PRP 7960 4448 8 to to IN 7960 4448 9 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4448 10 tender tender JJ 7960 4448 11 mercies mercy NNS 7960 4448 12 and and CC 7960 4448 13 refused refuse VBD 7960 4448 14 to to TO 7960 4448 15 disband disband VB 7960 4448 16 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4448 17 legions legion NNS 7960 4448 18 unless unless IN 7960 4448 19 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4448 20 rival rival NN 7960 4448 21 did do VBD 7960 4448 22 the the DT 7960 4448 23 same same JJ 7960 4448 24 . . . 7960 4449 1 Finally finally RB 7960 4449 2 the the DT 7960 4449 3 Senate Senate NNP 7960 4449 4 , , , 7960 4449 5 conscious conscious JJ 7960 4449 6 of of IN 7960 4449 7 Pompey Pompey NNP 7960 4449 8 's 's POS 7960 4449 9 support support NN 7960 4449 10 , , , 7960 4449 11 ordered order VBD 7960 4449 12 him -PRON- PRP 7960 4449 13 to to TO 7960 4449 14 lay lay VB 7960 4449 15 down down RP 7960 4449 16 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4449 17 arms arm NNS 7960 4449 18 on on IN 7960 4449 19 pain pain NN 7960 4449 20 of of IN 7960 4449 21 outlawry outlawry NNP 7960 4449 22 . . . 7960 4450 1 Caesar Caesar NNP 7960 4450 2 replied reply VBD 7960 4450 3 to to IN 7960 4450 4 this this DT 7960 4450 5 challenge challenge NN 7960 4450 6 of of IN 7960 4450 7 the the DT 7960 4450 8 Senate Senate NNP 7960 4450 9 by by IN 7960 4450 10 leading lead VBG 7960 4450 11 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4450 12 troops troop NNS 7960 4450 13 across across IN 7960 4450 14 the the DT 7960 4450 15 Rubicon Rubicon NNP 7960 4450 16 , , , 7960 4450 17 the the DT 7960 4450 18 little little JJ 7960 4450 19 stream stream NN 7960 4450 20 that that WDT 7960 4450 21 separated separate VBD 7960 4450 22 Cisalpine Cisalpine NNP 7960 4450 23 Gaul Gaul NNP 7960 4450 24 from from IN 7960 4450 25 Italy Italy NNP 7960 4450 26 . . . 7960 4451 1 As as IN 7960 4451 2 he -PRON- PRP 7960 4451 3 plunged plunge VBD 7960 4451 4 into into IN 7960 4451 5 the the DT 7960 4451 6 river river NN 7960 4451 7 , , , 7960 4451 8 he -PRON- PRP 7960 4451 9 exclaimed exclaim VBD 7960 4451 10 , , , 7960 4451 11 " " `` 7960 4451 12 The the DT 7960 4451 13 die die NN 7960 4451 14 is be VBZ 7960 4451 15 cast cast VBN 7960 4451 16 . . . 7960 4451 17 " " '' 7960 4452 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 4452 2 24 24 CD 7960 4452 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 4452 4 He -PRON- PRP 7960 4452 5 had have VBD 7960 4452 6 now now RB 7960 4452 7 declared declare VBN 7960 4452 8 war war NN 7960 4452 9 on on IN 7960 4452 10 the the DT 7960 4452 11 republic republic NN 7960 4452 12 . . . 7960 4453 1 CAESAR CAESAR NNP 7960 4453 2 MASTER MASTER NNP 7960 4453 3 OF of IN 7960 4453 4 THE the DT 7960 4453 5 WEST WEST NNP 7960 4453 6 Caesar Caesar NNP 7960 4453 7 's 's POS 7960 4453 8 bold bold JJ 7960 4453 9 movement movement NN 7960 4453 10 caught catch VBD 7960 4453 11 the the DT 7960 4453 12 senatorial senatorial JJ 7960 4453 13 party party NN 7960 4453 14 unawares unaware NNS 7960 4453 15 . . . 7960 4454 1 Pompey Pompey NNS 7960 4454 2 could could MD 7960 4454 3 not not RB 7960 4454 4 gather gather VB 7960 4454 5 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4454 6 legions legion NNS 7960 4454 7 before before IN 7960 4454 8 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4454 9 audacious audacious JJ 7960 4454 10 foe foe NN 7960 4454 11 reached reach VBD 7960 4454 12 Rome Rome NNP 7960 4454 13 . . . 7960 4455 1 Finding find VBG 7960 4455 2 it -PRON- PRP 7960 4455 3 impossible impossible JJ 7960 4455 4 to to TO 7960 4455 5 make make VB 7960 4455 6 a a DT 7960 4455 7 stand stand NN 7960 4455 8 in in IN 7960 4455 9 Italy Italy NNP 7960 4455 10 , , , 7960 4455 11 Pompey Pompey NNP 7960 4455 12 , , , 7960 4455 13 with with IN 7960 4455 14 the the DT 7960 4455 15 consuls consul NNS 7960 4455 16 and and CC 7960 4455 17 many many JJ 7960 4455 18 senators senator NNS 7960 4455 19 , , , 7960 4455 20 withdrew withdraw VBD 7960 4455 21 to to IN 7960 4455 22 Greece Greece NNP 7960 4455 23 . . . 7960 4456 1 Caesar Caesar NNP 7960 4456 2 did do VBD 7960 4456 3 not not RB 7960 4456 4 follow follow VB 7960 4456 5 him -PRON- PRP 7960 4456 6 at at IN 7960 4456 7 once once RB 7960 4456 8 . . . 7960 4457 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 4457 2 hurried hurry VBD 7960 4457 3 to to IN 7960 4457 4 Spain Spain NNP 7960 4457 5 and and CC 7960 4457 6 , , , 7960 4457 7 after after IN 7960 4457 8 a a DT 7960 4457 9 brilliant brilliant JJ 7960 4457 10 campaign campaign NN 7960 4457 11 only only RB 7960 4457 12 six six CD 7960 4457 13 weeks week NNS 7960 4457 14 in in IN 7960 4457 15 length length NN 7960 4457 16 , , , 7960 4457 17 broke break VBD 7960 4457 18 down down RP 7960 4457 19 the the DT 7960 4457 20 republican republican JJ 7960 4457 21 resistance resistance NN 7960 4457 22 in in IN 7960 4457 23 that that DT 7960 4457 24 peninsula peninsula NN 7960 4457 25 . . . 7960 4458 1 Having have VBG 7960 4458 2 now now RB 7960 4458 3 secured secure VBN 7960 4458 4 Italy Italy NNP 7960 4458 5 and and CC 7960 4458 6 Spain Spain NNP 7960 4458 7 , , , 7960 4458 8 Caesar Caesar NNP 7960 4458 9 was be VBD 7960 4458 10 free free JJ 7960 4458 11 to to TO 7960 4458 12 turn turn VB 7960 4458 13 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4458 14 forces force NNS 7960 4458 15 against against IN 7960 4458 16 Pompey Pompey NNPS 7960 4458 17 in in IN 7960 4458 18 the the DT 7960 4458 19 East East NNP 7960 4458 20 . . . 7960 4459 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 4459 2 Illustration illustration NN 7960 4459 3 : : : 7960 4459 4 Map Map NNP 7960 4459 5 , , , 7960 4459 6 THE the DT 7960 4459 7 EXPANSION EXPANSION NNP 7960 4459 8 OF of IN 7960 4459 9 ROMAN ROMAN NNP 7960 4459 10 DOMINIONS DOMINIONS NNP 7960 4459 11 133 133 CD 7960 4459 12 - - SYM 7960 4459 13 31 31 CD 7960 4459 14 B.C. B.C. NNP 7960 4459 15 ] ] -RRB- 7960 4460 1 BATTLE BATTLE NNP 7960 4460 2 OF of IN 7960 4460 3 PHARSALUS PHARSALUS NNP 7960 4460 4 , , , 7960 4460 5 48 48 CD 7960 4460 6 B.C. B.C. NNP 7960 4461 1 The the DT 7960 4461 2 final final JJ 7960 4461 3 battle battle NN 7960 4461 4 took take VBD 7960 4461 5 place place NN 7960 4461 6 on on IN 7960 4461 7 the the DT 7960 4461 8 plain plain NN 7960 4461 9 of of IN 7960 4461 10 Pharsalus Pharsalus NNP 7960 4461 11 in in IN 7960 4461 12 Thessaly Thessaly NNP 7960 4461 13 . . . 7960 4462 1 Pompey Pompey NNS 7960 4462 2 's 's POS 7960 4462 3 troops troop NNS 7960 4462 4 , , , 7960 4462 5 though though IN 7960 4462 6 nearly nearly RB 7960 4462 7 twice twice PDT 7960 4462 8 as as RB 7960 4462 9 numerous numerous JJ 7960 4462 10 as as IN 7960 4462 11 Caesar Caesar NNP 7960 4462 12 's 's POS 7960 4462 13 , , , 7960 4462 14 were be VBD 7960 4462 15 defeated defeat VBN 7960 4462 16 after after IN 7960 4462 17 a a DT 7960 4462 18 severe severe JJ 7960 4462 19 struggle struggle NN 7960 4462 20 . . . 7960 4463 1 Their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4463 2 great great JJ 7960 4463 3 leader leader NN 7960 4463 4 then then RB 7960 4463 5 fled flee VBD 7960 4463 6 to to IN 7960 4463 7 Egypt Egypt NNP 7960 4463 8 , , , 7960 4463 9 only only RB 7960 4463 10 to to TO 7960 4463 11 be be VB 7960 4463 12 foully foully RB 7960 4463 13 murdered murder VBN 7960 4463 14 . . . 7960 4464 1 Pompey Pompey NNP 7960 4464 2 's 's POS 7960 4464 3 head head NN 7960 4464 4 was be VBD 7960 4464 5 sent send VBN 7960 4464 6 to to IN 7960 4464 7 Caesar Caesar NNP 7960 4464 8 , , , 7960 4464 9 but but CC 7960 4464 10 he -PRON- PRP 7960 4464 11 turned turn VBD 7960 4464 12 from from IN 7960 4464 13 it -PRON- PRP 7960 4464 14 with with IN 7960 4464 15 horror horror NN 7960 4464 16 . . . 7960 4465 1 Such such JJ 7960 4465 2 was be VBD 7960 4465 3 the the DT 7960 4465 4 end end NN 7960 4465 5 of of IN 7960 4465 6 an an DT 7960 4465 7 able able JJ 7960 4465 8 general general NN 7960 4465 9 and and CC 7960 4465 10 an an DT 7960 4465 11 honest honest JJ 7960 4465 12 man man NN 7960 4465 13 , , , 7960 4465 14 one one CD 7960 4465 15 who who WP 7960 4465 16 should should MD 7960 4465 17 have have VB 7960 4465 18 lived live VBN 7960 4465 19 two two CD 7960 4465 20 hundred hundred CD 7960 4465 21 years year NNS 7960 4465 22 earlier early RBR 7960 4465 23 , , , 7960 4465 24 when when WRB 7960 4465 25 Rome Rome NNP 7960 4465 26 was be VBD 7960 4465 27 still still RB 7960 4465 28 a a DT 7960 4465 29 free free JJ 7960 4465 30 state state NN 7960 4465 31 . . . 7960 4466 1 CAESAR CAESAR NNP 7960 4466 2 IN in IN 7960 4466 3 EGYPT EGYPT NNP 7960 4466 4 , , , 7960 4466 5 ASIA ASIA NNP 7960 4466 6 MINOR MINOR NNP 7960 4466 7 , , , 7960 4466 8 AND and CC 7960 4466 9 AFRICA AFRICA NNP 7960 4466 10 , , , 7960 4466 11 48 48 CD 7960 4466 12 - - SYM 7960 4466 13 46 46 CD 7960 4466 14 B.C. B.C. NNS 7960 4467 1 After after IN 7960 4467 2 Pharsalus Pharsalus NNP 7960 4467 3 there there EX 7960 4467 4 still still RB 7960 4467 5 remained remain VBD 7960 4467 6 several several JJ 7960 4467 7 years year NNS 7960 4467 8 of of IN 7960 4467 9 fighting fighting NN 7960 4467 10 before before IN 7960 4467 11 Caesar Caesar NNP 7960 4467 12 's 's POS 7960 4467 13 victory victory NN 7960 4467 14 was be VBD 7960 4467 15 complete complete JJ 7960 4467 16 . . . 7960 4468 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 4468 2 made make VBD 7960 4468 3 Cleopatra Cleopatra NNP 7960 4468 4 , , , 7960 4468 5 the the DT 7960 4468 6 beautiful beautiful JJ 7960 4468 7 queen queen NN 7960 4468 8 of of IN 7960 4468 9 Egypt Egypt NNP 7960 4468 10 , , , 7960 4468 11 secure secure JJ 7960 4468 12 in in IN 7960 4468 13 the the DT 7960 4468 14 possession possession NN 7960 4468 15 of of IN 7960 4468 16 the the DT 7960 4468 17 throne throne NN 7960 4468 18 and and CC 7960 4468 19 brought bring VBD 7960 4468 20 that that DT 7960 4468 21 country country NN 7960 4468 22 into into IN 7960 4468 23 dependence dependence NN 7960 4468 24 on on IN 7960 4468 25 Rome Rome NNP 7960 4468 26 . . . 7960 4469 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 4469 2 passed pass VBD 7960 4469 3 through through IN 7960 4469 4 Asia Asia NNP 7960 4469 5 Minor Minor NNP 7960 4469 6 and and CC 7960 4469 7 in in IN 7960 4469 8 one one CD 7960 4469 9 swift swift JJ 7960 4469 10 campaign campaign NN 7960 4469 11 crushed crush VBD 7960 4469 12 a a DT 7960 4469 13 revolt revolt NN 7960 4469 14 headed head VBN 7960 4469 15 by by IN 7960 4469 16 the the DT 7960 4469 17 son son NN 7960 4469 18 of of IN 7960 4469 19 Mithridates Mithridates NNP 7960 4469 20 . . . 7960 4470 1 The the DT 7960 4470 2 conqueror conqueror NN 7960 4470 3 sent send VBD 7960 4470 4 tidings tiding NNS 7960 4470 5 of of IN 7960 4470 6 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4470 7 victory victory NN 7960 4470 8 in in IN 7960 4470 9 a a DT 7960 4470 10 laconic laconic JJ 7960 4470 11 dispatch dispatch NN 7960 4470 12 : : : 7960 4470 13 " " `` 7960 4470 14 I -PRON- PRP 7960 4470 15 came come VBD 7960 4470 16 , , , 7960 4470 17 I -PRON- PRP 7960 4470 18 saw see VBD 7960 4470 19 , , , 7960 4470 20 I -PRON- PRP 7960 4470 21 conquered conquer VBD 7960 4470 22 . . . 7960 4470 23 " " '' 7960 4471 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 4471 2 25 25 CD 7960 4471 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 4471 4 After after IN 7960 4471 5 subduing subdue VBG 7960 4471 6 the the DT 7960 4471 7 remnants remnant NNS 7960 4471 8 of of IN 7960 4471 9 the the DT 7960 4471 10 senatorial senatorial JJ 7960 4471 11 party party NN 7960 4471 12 in in IN 7960 4471 13 Africa Africa NNP 7960 4471 14 , , , 7960 4471 15 Caesar Caesar NNP 7960 4471 16 returned return VBD 7960 4471 17 home home RB 7960 4471 18 to to TO 7960 4471 19 crown crown VB 7960 4471 20 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4471 21 exploits exploit NNS 7960 4471 22 by by IN 7960 4471 23 a a DT 7960 4471 24 series series NN 7960 4471 25 of of IN 7960 4471 26 splendid splendid JJ 7960 4471 27 triumphs triumph NNS 7960 4471 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He -PRON- PRP 7960 4474 2 became become VBD 7960 4474 3 dictator dictator NN 7960 4474 4 for for IN 7960 4474 5 life life NN 7960 4474 6 and and CC 7960 4474 7 held hold VBD 7960 4474 8 other other JJ 7960 4474 9 republican republican JJ 7960 4474 10 offices office NNS 7960 4474 11 , , , 7960 4474 12 such such JJ 7960 4474 13 as as IN 7960 4474 14 the the DT 7960 4474 15 consulship consulship NN 7960 4474 16 and and CC 7960 4474 17 censorship censorship NN 7960 4474 18 . . . 7960 4475 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 4475 2 refused refuse VBD 7960 4475 3 the the DT 7960 4475 4 title title NN 7960 4475 5 of of IN 7960 4475 6 king king NN 7960 4475 7 , , , 7960 4475 8 but but CC 7960 4475 9 accepted accept VBD 7960 4475 10 as as IN 7960 4475 11 a a DT 7960 4475 12 civil civil JJ 7960 4475 13 magistrate magistrate NN 7960 4475 14 the the DT 7960 4475 15 name name NN 7960 4475 16 of of IN 7960 4475 17 _ _ NNP 7960 4475 18 imperator imperator NN 7960 4475 19 _ _ NNP 7960 4475 20 , , , 7960 4475 21 [ [ -LRB- 7960 4475 22 26 26 CD 7960 4475 23 ] ] -RRB- 7960 4475 24 with with IN 7960 4475 25 which which WDT 7960 4475 26 the the DT 7960 4475 27 soldiers soldier NNS 7960 4475 28 had have VBD 7960 4475 29 been be VBN 7960 4475 30 wo will MD 7960 4475 31 nt not RB 7960 4475 32 to to TO 7960 4475 33 salute salute VB 7960 4475 34 a a DT 7960 4475 35 victorious victorious JJ 7960 4475 36 general general NN 7960 4475 37 . . . 7960 4476 1 Though though IN 7960 4476 2 he -PRON- PRP 7960 4476 3 abolished abolish VBD 7960 4476 4 none none NN 7960 4476 5 of of IN 7960 4476 6 the the DT 7960 4476 7 old old JJ 7960 4476 8 republican republican JJ 7960 4476 9 forms form NNS 7960 4476 10 , , , 7960 4476 11 the the DT 7960 4476 12 Senate Senate NNP 7960 4476 13 became become VBD 7960 4476 14 simply simply RB 7960 4476 15 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4476 16 advisory advisory JJ 7960 4476 17 council council NN 7960 4476 18 , , , 7960 4476 19 the the DT 7960 4476 20 assemblies assembly NNS 7960 4476 21 , , , 7960 4476 22 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4476 23 submissive submissive JJ 7960 4476 24 agents agent NNS 7960 4476 25 the the DT 7960 4476 26 consuls consul NNS 7960 4476 27 , , , 7960 4476 28 praetors praetor NNS 7960 4476 29 and and CC 7960 4476 30 tribunes tribune NNS 7960 4476 31 , , , 7960 4476 32 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4476 33 pliant pliant JJ 7960 4476 34 tools tool NNS 7960 4476 35 . . . 7960 4477 1 The the DT 7960 4477 2 laurel laurel NN 7960 4477 3 wreath wreath NN 7960 4477 4 , , , 7960 4477 5 the the DT 7960 4477 6 triumphal triumphal NN 7960 4477 7 dress dress NN 7960 4477 8 , , , 7960 4477 9 the the DT 7960 4477 10 conqueror conqueror NN 7960 4477 11 's 's POS 7960 4477 12 scepter scepter NN 7960 4477 13 -- -- : 7960 4477 14 all all DT 7960 4477 15 proclaimed proclaim VBD 7960 4477 16 the the DT 7960 4477 17 autocrat autocrat NN 7960 4477 18 . . . 7960 4478 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 4478 2 Illustration illustration NN 7960 4478 3 : : : 7960 4478 4 A a DT 7960 4478 5 ROMAN roman JJ 7960 4478 6 COIN coin NN 7960 4478 7 WITH with IN 7960 4478 8 THE the DT 7960 4478 9 HEAD HEAD NNP 7960 4478 10 OF of IN 7960 4478 11 JULIUS JULIUS NNP 7960 4478 12 CAESAR CAESAR NNP 7960 4478 13 ] ] -RRB- 7960 4478 14 CHARACTER CHARACTER NNP 7960 4478 15 OF of IN 7960 4478 16 CAESAR CAESAR NNP 7960 4478 17 'S 'S NNP 7960 4478 18 RULE RULE NNP 7960 4478 19 Caesar Caesar NNP 7960 4478 20 used use VBD 7960 4478 21 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4478 22 power power NN 7960 4478 23 wisely wisely RB 7960 4478 24 and and CC 7960 4478 25 well well RB 7960 4478 26 . . . 7960 4479 1 No no DT 7960 4479 2 massacres massacre NNS 7960 4479 3 or or CC 7960 4479 4 confiscations confiscation NNS 7960 4479 5 sullied sully VBD 7960 4479 6 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4479 7 victory victory NN 7960 4479 8 . . . 7960 4480 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 4480 2 treated treat VBD 7960 4480 3 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4480 4 former former JJ 7960 4480 5 foes foe NNS 7960 4480 6 with with IN 7960 4480 7 clemency clemency NN 7960 4480 8 and and CC 7960 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4482 12 remove remove VB 7960 4482 13 the the DT 7960 4482 14 economic economic JJ 7960 4482 15 evils evil NNS 7960 4482 16 which which WDT 7960 4482 17 a a DT 7960 4482 18 century century NN 7960 4482 19 of of IN 7960 4482 20 discord discord NN 7960 4482 21 had have VBD 7960 4482 22 made make VBN 7960 4482 23 so so RB 7960 4482 24 manifest manifest JJ 7960 4482 25 . . . 7960 4483 1 By by IN 7960 4483 2 restricting restrict VBG 7960 4483 3 the the DT 7960 4483 4 monthly monthly JJ 7960 4483 5 distribution distribution NN 7960 4483 6 of of IN 7960 4483 7 grain grain NN 7960 4483 8 to to IN 7960 4483 9 those those DT 7960 4483 10 actually actually RB 7960 4483 11 in in IN 7960 4483 12 need need NN 7960 4483 13 , , , 7960 4483 14 he -PRON- PRP 7960 4483 15 tried try VBD 7960 4483 16 to to TO 7960 4483 17 discourage discourage VB 7960 4483 18 the the DT 7960 4483 19 public public JJ 7960 4483 20 charity charity NN 7960 4483 21 which which WDT 7960 4483 22 was be VBD 7960 4483 23 making make VBG 7960 4483 24 the the DT 7960 4483 25 capital capital NN 7960 4483 26 city city NN 7960 4483 27 a a DT 7960 4483 28 paradise paradise NN 7960 4483 29 for for IN 7960 4483 30 the the DT 7960 4483 31 idle idle NN 7960 4483 32 and and CC 7960 4483 33 the the DT 7960 4483 34 shiftless shiftless NN 7960 4483 35 . . . 7960 4484 1 By by IN 7960 4484 2 planning plan VBG 7960 4484 3 great great JJ 7960 4484 4 colonies colony NNS 7960 4484 5 beyond beyond IN 7960 4484 6 the the DT 7960 4484 7 sea sea NN 7960 4484 8 , , , 7960 4484 9 notably notably RB 7960 4484 10 at at IN 7960 4484 11 Corinth Corinth NNP 7960 4484 12 and and CC 7960 4484 13 Carthage Carthage NNP 7960 4484 14 , , , 7960 4484 15 he -PRON- PRP 7960 4484 16 sought seek VBD 7960 4484 17 to to TO 7960 4484 18 provide provide VB 7960 4484 19 farms farm NNS 7960 4484 20 for for IN 7960 4484 21 the the DT 7960 4484 22 landless landless JJ 7960 4484 23 citizens citizen NNS 7960 4484 24 of of IN 7960 4484 25 Italy Italy NNP 7960 4484 26 . . . 7960 4485 1 His -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4485 2 active active JJ 7960 4485 3 mind mind NN 7960 4485 4 even even RB 7960 4485 5 found find VBD 7960 4485 6 time time NN 7960 4485 7 for for IN 7960 4485 8 such such JJ 7960 4485 9 matters matter NNS 7960 4485 10 as as IN 7960 4485 11 the the DT 7960 4485 12 codification codification NN 7960 4485 13 of of IN 7960 4485 14 Roman roman JJ 7960 4485 15 law law NN 7960 4485 16 , , , 7960 4485 17 the the DT 7960 4485 18 construction construction NN 7960 4485 19 of of IN 7960 4485 20 great great JJ 7960 4485 21 public public JJ 7960 4485 22 works work NNS 7960 4485 23 , , , 7960 4485 24 and and CC 7960 4485 25 the the DT 7960 4485 26 improvement improvement NN 7960 4485 27 of of IN 7960 4485 28 the the DT 7960 4485 29 coinage coinage NN 7960 4485 30 and and CC 7960 4485 31 the the DT 7960 4485 32 calendar calendar NN 7960 4485 33 . . . 7960 4486 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 4486 2 27 27 CD 7960 4486 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 4486 4 REFORMATION reformation NN 7960 4486 5 OF of IN 7960 4486 6 THE the DT 7960 4486 7 PROVINCIAL PROVINCIAL NNP 7960 4486 8 SYSTEM SYSTEM NNP 7960 4486 9 Caesar Caesar NNP 7960 4486 10 's 's POS 7960 4486 11 reforms reform NNS 7960 4486 12 in in IN 7960 4486 13 the the DT 7960 4486 14 provinces province NNS 7960 4486 15 had have VBD 7960 4486 16 an an DT 7960 4486 17 epoch epoch NN 7960 4486 18 - - HYPH 7960 4486 19 making make VBG 7960 4486 20 character character NN 7960 4486 21 . . . 7960 4487 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 4487 2 reduced reduce VBD 7960 4487 3 taxes taxis NNS 7960 4487 4 , , , 7960 4487 5 lessened lessen VBD 7960 4487 6 the the DT 7960 4487 7 burden burden NN 7960 4487 8 of of IN 7960 4487 9 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4487 10 collection collection NN 7960 4487 11 , , , 7960 4487 12 and and CC 7960 4487 13 took take VBD 7960 4487 14 into into IN 7960 4487 15 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4487 16 own own JJ 7960 4487 17 hands hand NNS 7960 4487 18 the the DT 7960 4487 19 appointment appointment NN 7960 4487 20 of of IN 7960 4487 21 provincial provincial JJ 7960 4487 22 magistrates magistrate NNS 7960 4487 23 . . . 7960 4488 1 Henceforth henceforth RB 7960 4488 2 oppressive oppressive JJ 7960 4488 3 governors governor NNS 7960 4488 4 and and CC 7960 4488 5 swindling swindle VBG 7960 4488 6 publicans publican NNS 7960 4488 7 had have VBD 7960 4488 8 to to TO 7960 4488 9 expect expect VB 7960 4488 10 swift swift JJ 7960 4488 11 , , , 7960 4488 12 stern stern JJ 7960 4488 13 punishment punishment NN 7960 4488 14 from from IN 7960 4488 15 one one CD 7960 4488 16 whose whose WP$ 7960 4488 17 interests interest NNS 7960 4488 18 included include VBD 7960 4488 19 the the DT 7960 4488 20 welfare welfare NN 7960 4488 21 of of IN 7960 4488 22 both both DT 7960 4488 23 citizens citizen NNS 7960 4488 24 and and CC 7960 4488 25 subjects subject NNS 7960 4488 26 . . . 7960 4489 1 By by IN 7960 4489 2 granting grant VBG 7960 4489 3 Roman roman JJ 7960 4489 4 citizenship citizenship NN 7960 4489 5 to to IN 7960 4489 6 communities community NNS 7960 4489 7 in in IN 7960 4489 8 Gaul Gaul NNP 7960 4489 9 and and CC 7960 4489 10 Sicily Sicily NNP 7960 4489 11 , , , 7960 4489 12 he -PRON- PRP 7960 4489 13 indicated indicate VBD 7960 4489 14 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4489 15 purpose purpose NN 7960 4489 16 , , , 7960 4489 17 as as RB 7960 4489 18 rapidly rapidly RB 7960 4489 19 as as IN 7960 4489 20 possible possible JJ 7960 4489 21 , , , 7960 4489 22 to to TO 7960 4489 23 convert convert VB 7960 4489 24 the the DT 7960 4489 25 provincials provincial NNS 7960 4489 26 into into IN 7960 4489 27 Romans Romans NNPS 7960 4489 28 . . . 7960 4490 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 4490 2 was be VBD 7960 4490 3 Caesar Caesar NNP 7960 4490 4 's 's POS 7960 4490 5 aim aim NN 7960 4490 6 to to TO 7960 4490 7 break break VB 7960 4490 8 down down RP 7960 4490 9 the the DT 7960 4490 10 barriers barrier NNS 7960 4490 11 between between IN 7960 4490 12 Rome Rome NNP 7960 4490 13 and and CC 7960 4490 14 her -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4490 15 provinces province NNS 7960 4490 16 , , , 7960 4490 17 to to TO 7960 4490 18 wipe wipe VB 7960 4490 19 out out RP 7960 4490 20 the the DT 7960 4490 21 distinction distinction NN 7960 4490 22 between between IN 7960 4490 23 the the DT 7960 4490 24 conquerors conqueror NNS 7960 4490 25 and and CC 7960 4490 26 the the DT 7960 4490 27 conquered conquer VBN 7960 4490 28 . . . 7960 4491 1 ASSASSINATION ASSASSINATION NNP 7960 4491 2 OF of IN 7960 4491 3 CAESAR CAESAR NNP 7960 4491 4 , , , 7960 4491 5 44 44 CD 7960 4491 6 B.C. B.C. NNP 7960 4492 1 Caesar Caesar NNP 7960 4492 2 did do VBD 7960 4492 3 not not RB 7960 4492 4 live live VB 7960 4492 5 to to TO 7960 4492 6 complete complete VB 7960 4492 7 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4492 8 task task NN 7960 4492 9 . . . 7960 4493 1 Like like IN 7960 4493 2 that that DT 7960 4493 3 other other JJ 7960 4493 4 colossal colossal JJ 7960 4493 5 figure figure NN 7960 4493 6 , , , 7960 4493 7 Alexander Alexander NNP 7960 4493 8 the the DT 7960 4493 9 Great great JJ 7960 4493 10 , , , 7960 4493 11 he -PRON- PRP 7960 4493 12 perished perish VBD 7960 4493 13 before before IN 7960 4493 14 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4493 15 work work NN 7960 4493 16 as as IN 7960 4493 17 a a DT 7960 4493 18 statesman statesman NN 7960 4493 19 had have VBD 7960 4493 20 hardly hardly RB 7960 4493 21 more more JJR 7960 4493 22 than than IN 7960 4493 23 begun begin VBN 7960 4493 24 . . . 7960 4494 1 On on IN 7960 4494 2 the the DT 7960 4494 3 Ides Ides NNP 7960 4494 4 of of IN 7960 4494 5 March March NNP 7960 4494 6 , , , 7960 4494 7 44 44 CD 7960 4494 8 B.C. B.C. NNP 7960 4494 9 , , , 7960 4494 10 he -PRON- PRP 7960 4494 11 was be VBD 7960 4494 12 struck strike VBN 7960 4494 13 down down RP 7960 4494 14 in in IN 7960 4494 15 the the DT 7960 4494 16 Senate Senate NNP 7960 4494 17 - - HYPH 7960 4494 18 house house NNP 7960 4494 19 by by IN 7960 4494 20 the the DT 7960 4494 21 daggers dagger NNS 7960 4494 22 of of IN 7960 4494 23 a a DT 7960 4494 24 group group NN 7960 4494 25 of of IN 7960 4494 26 envious envious JJ 7960 4494 27 and and CC 7960 4494 28 irreconcilable irreconcilable JJ 7960 4494 29 nobles noble NNS 7960 4494 30 , , , 7960 4494 31 headed head VBN 7960 4494 32 by by IN 7960 4494 33 Cassius Cassius NNP 7960 4494 34 and and CC 7960 4494 35 Brutus Brutus NNP 7960 4494 36 . . . 7960 4495 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 4495 2 fell fall VBD 7960 4495 3 at at IN 7960 4495 4 the the DT 7960 4495 5 foot foot NN 7960 4495 6 of of IN 7960 4495 7 Pompey Pompey NNP 7960 4495 8 's 's POS 7960 4495 9 statue statue NN 7960 4495 10 , , , 7960 4495 11 pierced 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light NN 7960 4497 9 of of IN 7960 4497 10 all all PDT 7960 4497 11 the the DT 7960 4497 12 possibilities possibility NNS 7960 4497 13 of of IN 7960 4497 14 beneficent beneficent JJ 7960 4497 15 government government NN 7960 4497 16 which which WDT 7960 4497 17 Caesar Caesar NNP 7960 4497 18 was be VBD 7960 4497 19 revealing reveal VBG 7960 4497 20 , , , 7960 4497 21 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4497 22 cowardly cowardly JJ 7960 4497 23 murder murder NN 7960 4497 24 becomes become VBZ 7960 4497 25 one one CD 7960 4497 26 of of IN 7960 4497 27 the the DT 7960 4497 28 most most RBS 7960 4497 29 stupendous stupendous JJ 7960 4497 30 follies folly NNS 7960 4497 31 recorded record VBN 7960 4497 32 in in IN 7960 4497 33 history history NN 7960 4497 34 . . . 7960 4498 1 Caesar Caesar NNP 7960 4498 2 's 's POS 7960 4498 3 death death NN 7960 4498 4 could could MD 7960 4498 5 not not RB 7960 4498 6 restore restore VB 7960 4498 7 the the DT 7960 4498 8 republic republic NN 7960 4498 9 . . . 7960 4499 1 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7960 4502 5 BECOMES BECOMES NNP 7960 4502 6 CAESAR CAESAR NNP 7960 4502 7 'S be VBZ 7960 4502 8 SUCCESSOR SUCCESSOR NNS 7960 4502 9 The the DT 7960 4502 10 murderers murderer NNS 7960 4502 11 of of IN 7960 4502 12 Caesar Caesar NNP 7960 4502 13 called call VBD 7960 4502 14 themselves -PRON- PRP 7960 4502 15 the the DT 7960 4502 16 " " `` 7960 4502 17 liberators liberator NNS 7960 4502 18 " " '' 7960 4502 19 of of IN 7960 4502 20 the the DT 7960 4502 21 republic republic NN 7960 4502 22 . . . 7960 4503 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 4503 2 thought think VBD 7960 4503 3 that that IN 7960 4503 4 all all DT 7960 4503 5 Rome Rome NNP 7960 4503 6 would would MD 7960 4503 7 applaud applaud VB 7960 4503 8 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4503 9 deed deed NN 7960 4503 10 , , , 7960 4503 11 but but CC 7960 4503 12 the the DT 7960 4503 13 contrary contrary NN 7960 4503 14 was be VBD 7960 4503 15 true true JJ 7960 4503 16 . . . 7960 4504 1 The the DT 7960 4504 2 senatorial senatorial JJ 7960 4504 3 order order NN 7960 4504 4 remained remain VBD 7960 4504 5 lukewarm lukewarm JJ 7960 4504 6 . . . 7960 4505 1 The the DT 7960 4505 2 people people NNS 7960 4505 3 , , , 7960 4505 4 instead instead RB 7960 4505 5 of of IN 7960 4505 6 flocking flock VBG 7960 4505 7 to to IN 7960 4505 8 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4505 9 support support NN 7960 4505 10 , , , 7960 4505 11 mourned mourn VBD 7960 4505 12 the the DT 7960 4505 13 loss loss NN 7960 4505 14 of of IN 7960 4505 15 a a DT 7960 4505 16 friend friend NN 7960 4505 17 and and CC 7960 4505 18 benefactor benefactor NN 7960 4505 19 . . . 7960 4506 1 Soon soon RB 7960 4506 2 the the DT 7960 4506 3 conspirators conspirator NNS 7960 4506 4 found find VBD 7960 4506 5 themselves -PRON- PRP 7960 4506 6 in in IN 7960 4506 7 great great JJ 7960 4506 8 peril peril NN 7960 4506 9 . . . 7960 4507 1 Caesar Caesar NNP 7960 4507 2 's 's POS 7960 4507 3 friend friend NN 7960 4507 4 and and CC 7960 4507 5 lieutenant lieutenant NN 7960 4507 6 , , , 7960 4507 7 Antony Antony NNP 7960 4507 8 , , , 7960 4507 9 who who WP 7960 4507 10 became become VBD 7960 4507 11 sole sole JJ 7960 4507 12 consul consul NN 7960 4507 13 after after IN 7960 4507 14 Caesar Caesar NNP 7960 4507 15 's 's POS 7960 4507 16 death death NN 7960 4507 17 , , , 7960 4507 18 quickly quickly RB 7960 4507 19 made make VBD 7960 4507 20 himself -PRON- PRP 7960 4507 21 master master NN 7960 4507 22 of of IN 7960 4507 23 the the DT 7960 4507 24 situation situation NN 7960 4507 25 . . . 7960 4508 1 Brutus Brutus NNP 7960 4508 2 and and CC 7960 4508 3 Cassius Cassius NNP 7960 4508 4 were be VBD 7960 4508 5 forced force VBN 7960 4508 6 to to TO 7960 4508 7 withdraw withdraw VB 7960 4508 8 to to IN 7960 4508 9 the the DT 7960 4508 10 provinces province NNS 7960 4508 11 which which WDT 7960 4508 12 had have VBD 7960 4508 13 been be VBN 7960 4508 14 previously previously RB 7960 4508 15 assigned assign VBN 7960 4508 16 to to IN 7960 4508 17 them -PRON- PRP 7960 4508 18 by by IN 7960 4508 19 Caesar Caesar NNP 7960 4508 20 , , , 7960 4508 21 leaving leave VBG 7960 4508 22 Antony Antony NNP 7960 4508 23 to to TO 7960 4508 24 rule rule VB 7960 4508 25 Rome Rome NNP 7960 4508 26 as as IN 7960 4508 27 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4508 28 successor successor NN 7960 4508 29 . . . 7960 4509 1 A a DT 7960 4509 2 RIVAL RIVAL NNP 7960 4509 3 IN in IN 7960 4509 4 THE the DT 7960 4509 5 YOUNG YOUNG NNP 7960 4509 6 OCTAVIAN octavian NN 7960 4509 7 Antony Antony NNP 7960 4509 8 's 's POS 7960 4509 9 hope hope NN 7960 4509 10 of of IN 7960 4509 11 reigning reign VBG 7960 4509 12 supreme supreme NNP 7960 4509 13 was be VBD 7960 4509 14 soon soon RB 7960 4509 15 disturbed disturb VBN 7960 4509 16 by by IN 7960 4509 17 the the DT 7960 4509 18 appearance appearance NN 7960 4509 19 of of IN 7960 4509 20 a a DT 7960 4509 21 new new JJ 7960 4509 22 rival rival NN 7960 4509 23 . . . 7960 4510 1 Caesar Caesar NNP 7960 4510 2 , , , 7960 4510 3 in in IN 7960 4510 4 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4510 5 will will NN 7960 4510 6 , , , 7960 4510 7 had have VBD 7960 4510 8 made make VBN 7960 4510 9 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4510 10 grandnephew grandnephew NN 7960 4510 11 , , , 7960 4510 12 Octavian Octavian NNP 7960 4510 13 , , , 7960 4510 14 [ [ -LRB- 7960 4510 15 28 28 CD 7960 4510 16 ] ] -RRB- 7960 4510 17 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4510 18 heir heir NN 7960 4510 19 . . . 7960 4511 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 4511 2 now now RB 7960 4511 3 came come VBD 7960 4511 4 to to IN 7960 4511 5 Rome Rome NNP 7960 4511 6 to to TO 7960 4511 7 claim claim VB 7960 4511 8 the the DT 7960 4511 9 inheritance inheritance NN 7960 4511 10 . . . 7960 4512 1 In in IN 7960 4512 2 that that DT 7960 4512 3 sickly sickly RB 7960 4512 4 , , , 7960 4512 5 studious studious JJ 7960 4512 6 youth youth NN 7960 4512 7 people people NNS 7960 4512 8 did do VBD 7960 4512 9 not not RB 7960 4512 10 at at IN 7960 4512 11 first first RB 7960 4512 12 recognize recognize VB 7960 4512 13 the the DT 7960 4512 14 masterful masterful JJ 7960 4512 15 personality personality NN 7960 4512 16 he -PRON- PRP 7960 4512 17 was be VBD 7960 4512 18 soon soon RB 7960 4512 19 to to IN 7960 4512 20 exhibit exhibit VB 7960 4512 21 . . . 7960 4513 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 4513 2 rather rather RB 7960 4513 3 reëchoed reëchoe VBD 7960 4513 4 Cicero Cicero NNP 7960 4513 5 's 's POS 7960 4513 6 sentiment sentiment NN 7960 4513 7 that that IN 7960 4513 8 " " `` 7960 4513 9 the the DT 7960 4513 10 young young JJ 7960 4513 11 man man NN 7960 4513 12 was be VBD 7960 4513 13 to to TO 7960 4513 14 be be VB 7960 4513 15 praised praise VBN 7960 4513 16 , , , 7960 4513 17 complimented compliment VBN 7960 4513 18 , , , 7960 4513 19 and and CC 7960 4513 20 got get VBD 7960 4513 21 rid rid JJ 7960 4513 22 of of IN 7960 4513 23 . . . 7960 4513 24 " " '' 7960 4514 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 4514 2 29 29 CD 7960 4514 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 4514 4 But but CC 7960 4514 5 Octavian Octavian NNP 7960 4514 6 easily easily RB 7960 4514 7 made make VBD 7960 4514 8 himself -PRON- PRP 7960 4514 9 a a DT 7960 4514 10 power power NN 7960 4514 11 , , , 7960 4514 12 winning win VBG 7960 4514 13 the the DT 7960 4514 14 populace populace NN 7960 4514 15 by by IN 7960 4514 16 paying pay VBG 7960 4514 17 Caesar Caesar NNP 7960 4514 18 's 's POS 7960 4514 19 legacies legacy NNS 7960 4514 20 to to IN 7960 4514 21 them -PRON- PRP 7960 4514 22 and and CC 7960 4514 23 conciliating conciliate VBG 7960 4514 24 the the DT 7960 4514 25 senatorial senatorial JJ 7960 4514 26 party party NN 7960 4514 27 by by IN 7960 4514 28 siding side VBG 7960 4514 29 with with IN 7960 4514 30 it -PRON- PRP 7960 4514 31 against against IN 7960 4514 32 Antony Antony NNP 7960 4514 33 . . . 7960 4515 1 Men man NNS 7960 4515 2 now now RB 7960 4515 3 began begin VBD 7960 4515 4 to to TO 7960 4515 5 talk talk VB 7960 4515 6 of of IN 7960 4515 7 Octavian Octavian NNP 7960 4515 8 as as IN 7960 4515 9 the the DT 7960 4515 10 destined destine VBN 7960 4515 11 restorer restorer NN 7960 4515 12 of of IN 7960 4515 13 the the DT 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4552 3 formed form VBD 7960 4552 4 a a DT 7960 4552 5 province province NN 7960 4552 6 of of IN 7960 4552 7 the the DT 7960 4552 8 Roman Roman NNP 7960 4552 9 Empire Empire NNP 7960 4552 10 . . . 7960 4553 1 THE the DT 7960 4553 2 TRIUMPH TRIUMPH NNP 7960 4553 3 OF of IN 7960 4553 4 OCTAVIAN OCTAVIAN NNP 7960 4553 5 Octavian Octavian NNP 7960 4553 6 , , , 7960 4553 7 on on IN 7960 4553 8 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4553 9 return return NN 7960 4553 10 to to IN 7960 4553 11 Rome Rome NNP 7960 4553 12 , , , 7960 4553 13 enjoyed enjoy VBD 7960 4553 14 the the DT 7960 4553 15 honors honor NNS 7960 4553 16 of of IN 7960 4553 17 a a DT 7960 4553 18 three three CD 7960 4553 19 days day NNS 7960 4553 20 ' ' POS 7960 4553 21 triumph triumph NN 7960 4553 22 . . . 7960 4554 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 4554 2 32 32 CD 7960 4554 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 4554 4 As as IN 7960 4554 5 the the DT 7960 4554 6 grand grand JJ 7960 4554 7 parade parade NN 7960 4554 8 moved move VBD 7960 4554 9 along along IN 7960 4554 10 the the DT 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? . 7960 4661 1 FOOTNOTES FOOTNOTES NNP 7960 4661 2 [ [ -LRB- 7960 4661 3 1 1 CD 7960 4661 4 ] ] -RRB- 7960 4661 5 Webster Webster NNP 7960 4661 6 , , , 7960 4661 7 _ _ NNP 7960 4661 8 Readings Readings NNP 7960 4661 9 in in IN 7960 4661 10 Ancient Ancient NNP 7960 4661 11 History History NNP 7960 4661 12 _ _ NNP 7960 4661 13 , , , 7960 4661 14 chapter chapter NN 7960 4661 15 xv xv NNP 7960 4661 16 , , , 7960 4661 17 " " `` 7960 4661 18 Hannibal Hannibal NNP 7960 4661 19 and and CC 7960 4661 20 the the DT 7960 4661 21 Great Great NNP 7960 4661 22 Punic Punic NNP 7960 4661 23 War War NNP 7960 4661 24 " " '' 7960 4661 25 ; ; : 7960 4661 26 chapter chapter NN 7960 4661 27 xvi xvi NNP 7960 4661 28 , , , 7960 4661 29 " " `` 7960 4661 30 Cato Cato NNP 7960 4661 31 the the DT 7960 4661 32 Censor Censor NNP 7960 4661 33 : : : 7960 4661 34 a a DT 7960 4661 35 Roman Roman NNP 7960 4661 36 of of IN 7960 4661 37 the the DT 7960 4661 38 Old Old NNP 7960 4661 39 School School NNP 7960 4661 40 " " '' 7960 4661 41 ; ; : 7960 4661 42 chapter chapter NN 7960 4661 43 xvii xvii NN 7960 4661 44 , , , 7960 4661 45 " " `` 7960 4661 46 Cicero Cicero NNP 7960 4661 47 the the DT 7960 4661 48 Orator Orator NNP 7960 4661 49 " " '' 7960 4661 50 ; ; : 7960 4661 51 chapter chapter NN 7960 4661 52 xviii xviii NNP 7960 4661 53 , , , 7960 4661 54 " " `` 7960 4661 55 The the DT 7960 4661 56 Conquest Conquest NNP 7960 4661 57 of of IN 7960 4661 58 Gaul Gaul NNP 7960 4661 59 , , , 7960 4661 60 Related relate VBN 7960 4661 61 by by IN 7960 4661 62 Caesar Caesar NNP 7960 4661 63 " " '' 7960 4661 64 ; ; : 7960 4661 65 chapter chapter NN 7960 4661 66 xix xix NNP 7960 4661 67 , , , 7960 4661 68 " " `` 7960 4661 69 The the DT 7960 4661 70 Makers maker NNS 7960 4661 71 of of IN 7960 4661 72 Imperial Imperial NNP 7960 4661 73 Rome Rome NNP 7960 4661 74 : : : 7960 4661 75 Character Character NNP 7960 4661 76 Sketches Sketches NNP 7960 4661 77 by by IN 7960 4661 78 Suetonius Suetonius NNP 7960 4661 79 . . . 7960 4661 80 " " '' 7960 4662 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 4662 2 2 2 LS 7960 4662 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 4662 4 See see VB 7960 4662 5 page page NN 7960 4662 6 123 123 CD 7960 4662 7 . . . 7960 4663 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 4663 2 3 3 LS 7960 4663 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 4663 4 See see VB 7960 4663 5 page page NN 7960 4663 6 155 155 CD 7960 4663 7 . . . 7960 4664 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 4664 2 4 4 LS 7960 4664 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 4664 4 See see VB 7960 4664 5 page page NN 7960 4664 6 149 149 CD 7960 4664 7 . . . 7960 4665 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 4665 2 5 5 CD 7960 4665 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 4665 4 Livy Livy NNP 7960 4665 5 , , , 7960 4665 6 xxii xxii NNP 7960 4665 7 , , , 7960 4665 8 61 61 CD 7960 4665 9 . . . 7960 4666 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 4666 2 6 6 CD 7960 4666 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 4666 4 See see VB 7960 4666 5 page page NN 7960 4666 6 100 100 CD 7960 4666 7 . . . 7960 4667 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 4667 2 7 7 CD 7960 4667 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 4667 4 In in IN 7960 4667 5 29 29 CD 7960 4667 6 B.C. B.C. NNP 7960 4667 7 , , , 7960 4667 8 one one CD 7960 4667 9 hundred hundred CD 7960 4667 10 and and CC 7960 4667 11 seventeen seventeen CD 7960 4667 12 years year NNS 7960 4667 13 after after IN 7960 4667 14 the the DT 7960 4667 15 destruction destruction NN 7960 4667 16 of of IN 7960 4667 17 Carthage carthage NN 7960 4667 18 at at IN 7960 4667 19 the the DT 7960 4667 20 end end NN 7960 4667 21 of of IN 7960 4667 22 the the DT 7960 4667 23 Punic punic JJ 7960 4667 24 wars war NNS 7960 4667 25 , , , 7960 4667 26 a a DT 7960 4667 27 new new JJ 7960 4667 28 town town NN 7960 4667 29 was be VBD 7960 4667 30 founded found VBN 7960 4667 31 near near IN 7960 4667 32 the the DT 7960 4667 33 old old JJ 7960 4667 34 site site NN 7960 4667 35 by by IN 7960 4667 36 the the DT 7960 4667 37 emperor emperor NN 7960 4667 38 Augustus Augustus NNP 7960 4667 39 . . . 7960 4668 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 4668 2 became become VBD 7960 4668 3 in in IN 7960 4668 4 time time NN 7960 4668 5 the the DT 7960 4668 6 third third JJ 7960 4668 7 city city NN 7960 4668 8 of of IN 7960 4668 9 the the DT 7960 4668 10 Roman Roman NNP 7960 4668 11 Empire Empire NNP 7960 4668 12 . . . 7960 4669 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 4669 2 was be VBD 7960 4669 3 destroyed destroy VBN 7960 4669 4 by by IN 7960 4669 5 the the DT 7960 4669 6 Arabs Arabs NNPS 7960 4669 7 in in IN 7960 4669 8 698 698 CD 7960 4669 9 A.D. 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A.D. NNP 7960 4676 4 they -PRON- PRP 7960 4676 5 rose rise VBD 7960 4676 6 against against IN 7960 4676 7 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4676 8 Turkish turkish JJ 7960 4676 9 masters master NNS 7960 4676 10 in in IN 7960 4676 11 a a DT 7960 4676 12 glorious glorious JJ 7960 4676 13 struggle struggle NN 7960 4676 14 for for IN 7960 4676 15 liberty liberty NN 7960 4676 16 . . . 7960 4677 1 Eight eight CD 7960 4677 2 years year NNS 7960 4677 3 later later RBR 7960 4677 4 the the DT 7960 4677 5 powers power NNS 7960 4677 6 of of IN 7960 4677 7 Europe Europe NNP 7960 4677 8 forced force VBD 7960 4677 9 the the DT 7960 4677 10 Sultan Sultan NNP 7960 4677 11 to to TO 7960 4677 12 recognize recognize VB 7960 4677 13 the the DT 7960 4677 14 freedom freedom NN 7960 4677 15 of of IN 7960 4677 16 Greece Greece NNP 7960 4677 17 . . . 7960 4678 1 That that DT 7960 4678 2 country country NN 7960 4678 3 then then RB 7960 4678 4 became become VBD 7960 4678 5 an an DT 7960 4678 6 independent independent JJ 7960 4678 7 kingdom kingdom NN 7960 4678 8 , , , 7960 4678 9 with with IN 7960 4678 10 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4678 11 capital capital NN 7960 4678 12 at at IN 7960 4678 13 Athens Athens NNP 7960 4678 14 . . . 7960 4679 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 4679 2 12 12 CD 7960 4679 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 4679 4 See see VB 7960 4679 5 pages page NNS 7960 4679 6 39 39 CD 7960 4679 7 - - SYM 7960 4679 8 40 40 CD 7960 4679 9 and and CC 7960 4679 10 104 104 CD 7960 4679 11 . . . 7960 4680 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 4680 2 13 13 CD 7960 4680 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 4680 4 In in IN 7960 4680 5 133 133 CD 7960 4680 6 B.C. B.C. NNP 7960 4681 1 there there EX 7960 4681 2 were be VBD 7960 4681 3 eight eight CD 7960 4681 4 provinces province NNS 7960 4681 5 -- -- : 7960 4681 6 Sicily Sicily NNP 7960 4681 7 , , , 7960 4681 8 Sardinia Sardinia NNP 7960 4681 9 and and CC 7960 4681 10 Corsica Corsica NNP 7960 4681 11 , , , 7960 4681 12 Hither Hither NNP 7960 4681 13 Spain Spain NNP 7960 4681 14 , , , 7960 4681 15 Farther Farther NNP 7960 4681 16 Spain Spain NNP 7960 4681 17 , , , 7960 4681 18 Illyricum Illyricum NNP 7960 4681 19 , , , 7960 4681 20 Africa Africa NNP 7960 4681 21 , , , 7960 4681 22 Macedonia Macedonia NNP 7960 4681 23 , , , 7960 4681 24 and and CC 7960 4681 25 Asia Asia NNP 7960 4681 26 . . . 7960 4682 1 See see VB 7960 4682 2 the the DT 7960 4682 3 map map NN 7960 4682 4 facing face VBG 7960 4682 5 page page NN 7960 4682 6 184 184 CD 7960 4682 7 . . . 7960 4683 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 4683 2 14 14 CD 7960 4683 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 4683 4 In in IN 7960 4683 5 the the DT 7960 4683 6 New New NNP 7960 4683 7 Testament Testament NNP 7960 4683 8 " " '' 7960 4683 9 publicans publican NNS 7960 4683 10 and and CC 7960 4683 11 sinners sinner NNS 7960 4683 12 " " '' 7960 4683 13 are be VBP 7960 4683 14 mentioned mention VBN 7960 4683 15 side side NN 7960 4683 16 by by IN 7960 4683 17 side side NN 7960 4683 18 . . . 7960 4684 1 See see VB 7960 4684 2 _ _ NNP 7960 4684 3 Matthew Matthew NNP 7960 4684 4 _ _ NNP 7960 4684 5 , , , 7960 4684 6 ix ix NNP 7960 4684 7 , , , 7960 4684 8 10 10 CD 7960 4684 9 . . . 7960 4685 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 4685 2 15 15 CD 7960 4685 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 4685 4 _ _ NNP 7960 4685 5 Latifundia Latifundia NNP 7960 4685 6 perdidere perdidere RB 7960 4685 7 Italiam Italiam NNP 7960 4685 8 _ _ NNP 7960 4685 9 ( ( -LRB- 7960 4685 10 Pliny Pliny NNP 7960 4685 11 , , , 7960 4685 12 _ _ NNP 7960 4685 13 Natural Natural NNP 7960 4685 14 History History NNP 7960 4685 15 _ _ NNP 7960 4685 16 , , , 7960 4685 17 xviii xviii NN 7960 4685 18 , , , 7960 4685 19 7 7 CD 7960 4685 20 ) ) -RRB- 7960 4685 21 . . . 7960 4686 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 4686 2 16 16 CD 7960 4686 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 4686 4 See see VB 7960 4686 5 page page NN 7960 4686 6 155 155 CD 7960 4686 7 . . . 7960 4687 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 4687 2 17 17 CD 7960 4687 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 4687 4 Horace Horace NNP 7960 4687 5 , , , 7960 4687 6 _ _ NNP 7960 4687 7 Epistles Epistles NNPS 7960 4687 8 _ _ NNP 7960 4687 9 , , , 7960 4687 10 ii ii NNP 7960 4687 11 , , , 7960 4687 12 1 1 CD 7960 4687 13 , , , 7960 4687 14 156 156 CD 7960 4687 15 . . . 7960 4688 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 4688 2 18 18 CD 7960 4688 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 4688 4 See see VB 7960 4688 5 page page NN 7960 4688 6 103 103 CD 7960 4688 7 . . . 7960 4689 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 4689 2 19 19 CD 7960 4689 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 4689 4 See see VB 7960 4689 5 page page NN 7960 4689 6 150 150 CD 7960 4689 7 . . . 7960 4690 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 4690 2 20 20 CD 7960 4690 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 4690 4 See see VB 7960 4690 5 page page NN 7960 4690 6 155 155 CD 7960 4690 7 , , , 7960 4690 8 note note VBP 7960 4690 9 2 2 CD 7960 4690 10 . . . 7960 4691 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 4691 2 21 21 CD 7960 4691 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 4691 4 See see VB 7960 4691 5 page page NN 7960 4691 6 150 150 CD 7960 4691 7 . . . 7960 4692 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 4692 2 22 22 CD 7960 4692 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 4692 4 See see VB 7960 4692 5 page page NN 7960 4692 6 204 204 CD 7960 4692 7 . . . 7960 4693 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 4693 2 23 23 CD 7960 4693 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 4693 4 Plutarch Plutarch NNP 7960 4693 5 , , , 7960 4693 6 Sulla Sulla NNP 7960 4693 7 , , , 7960 4693 8 38 38 CD 7960 4693 9 . . . 7960 4694 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 4694 2 24 24 CD 7960 4694 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 4694 4 Suetonius Suetonius NNP 7960 4694 5 , , , 7960 4694 6 _ _ NNP 7960 4694 7 Julius Julius NNP 7960 4694 8 Caesar Caesar NNP 7960 4694 9 _ _ NNP 7960 4694 10 , , , 7960 4694 11 32 32 CD 7960 4694 12 . . . 7960 4695 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 4695 2 25 25 CD 7960 4695 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 4695 4 _ _ NNP 7960 4695 5 Veni Veni NNP 7960 4695 6 , , , 7960 4695 7 vidi vidi NN 7960 4695 8 , , , 7960 4695 9 vici vici NNP 7960 4695 10 _ _ NNP 7960 4695 11 ( ( -LRB- 7960 4695 12 Suetonius Suetonius NNP 7960 4695 13 , , , 7960 4695 14 _ _ NNP 7960 4695 15 Julius Julius NNP 7960 4695 16 Caesar Caesar NNP 7960 4695 17 _ _ NNP 7960 4695 18 , , , 7960 4695 19 37 37 CD 7960 4695 20 ) ) -RRB- 7960 4695 21 . . . 7960 4696 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 4696 2 26 26 CD 7960 4696 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 4696 4 Hence hence RB 7960 4696 5 our -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4696 6 word word NN 7960 4696 7 " " '' 7960 4696 8 emperor emperor NN 7960 4696 9 . . . 7960 4696 10 " " '' 7960 4697 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 4697 2 27 27 CD 7960 4697 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 4697 4 Before before IN 7960 4697 5 Caesar Caesar NNP 7960 4697 6 's 's POS 7960 4697 7 reform reform NN 7960 4697 8 ( ( -LRB- 7960 4697 9 46 46 CD 7960 4697 10 B.C. B.C. NNP 7960 4697 11 ) ) -RRB- 7960 4698 1 the the DT 7960 4698 2 Roman roman JJ 7960 4698 3 year year NN 7960 4698 4 consisted consist VBD 7960 4698 5 of of IN 7960 4698 6 12 12 CD 7960 4698 7 months month NNS 7960 4698 8 and and CC 7960 4698 9 355 355 CD 7960 4698 10 days day NNS 7960 4698 11 . . . 7960 4699 1 As as IN 7960 4699 2 this this DT 7960 4699 3 lunar lunar JJ 7960 4699 4 year year NN 7960 4699 5 , , , 7960 4699 6 like like IN 7960 4699 7 that that DT 7960 4699 8 of of IN 7960 4699 9 the the DT 7960 4699 10 Greeks Greeks NNPS 7960 4699 11 , , , 7960 4699 12 was be VBD 7960 4699 13 shorter short JJR 7960 4699 14 than than IN 7960 4699 15 the the DT 7960 4699 16 solar solar JJ 7960 4699 17 year year NN 7960 4699 18 , , , 7960 4699 19 it -PRON- PRP 7960 4699 20 had have VBD 7960 4699 21 been be VBN 7960 4699 22 necessary necessary JJ 7960 4699 23 to to TO 7960 4699 24 intercalate intercalate VB 7960 4699 25 an an DT 7960 4699 26 additional additional JJ 7960 4699 27 month month NN 7960 4699 28 , , , 7960 4699 29 of of IN 7960 4699 30 varying varying NN 7960 4699 31 length length NN 7960 4699 32 , , , 7960 4699 33 in in IN 7960 4699 34 every every DT 7960 4699 35 alternate alternate JJ 7960 4699 36 year year NN 7960 4699 37 . . . 7960 4700 1 Caesar Caesar NNP 7960 4700 2 adopted adopt VBD 7960 4700 3 the the DT 7960 4700 4 more more RBR 7960 4700 5 accurate accurate JJ 7960 4700 6 Egyptian egyptian JJ 7960 4700 7 calendar calendar NN 7960 4700 8 of of IN 7960 4700 9 365 365 CD 7960 4700 10 days day NNS 7960 4700 11 and and CC 7960 4700 12 instituted institute VBD 7960 4700 13 the the DT 7960 4700 14 system system NN 7960 4700 15 of of IN 7960 4700 16 leap leap NNP 7960 4700 17 years year NNS 7960 4700 18 . . . 7960 4701 1 His -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4701 2 rearrangement rearrangement NN 7960 4701 3 made make VBD 7960 4701 4 the the DT 7960 4701 5 year year NN 7960 4701 6 11 11 CD 7960 4701 7 minutes minute NNS 7960 4701 8 , , , 7960 4701 9 14 14 CD 7960 4701 10 seconds second NNS 7960 4701 11 too too RB 7960 4701 12 long long RB 7960 4701 13 . . . 7960 4702 1 By by IN 7960 4702 2 1582 1582 CD 7960 4702 3 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 4702 4 this this DT 7960 4702 5 difference difference NN 7960 4702 6 had have VBD 7960 4702 7 amounted amount VBN 7960 4702 8 to to IN 7960 4702 9 nearly nearly RB 7960 4702 10 10 10 CD 7960 4702 11 days day NNS 7960 4702 12 . . . 7960 4703 1 Pope Pope NNP 7960 4703 2 Gregory Gregory NNP 7960 4703 3 XIII XIII NNP 7960 4703 4 modified modify VBD 7960 4703 5 the the DT 7960 4703 6 " " `` 7960 4703 7 Julian julian JJ 7960 4703 8 Calendar Calendar NNP 7960 4703 9 " " '' 7960 4703 10 by by IN 7960 4703 11 calling call VBG 7960 4703 12 Oct. October NNP 7960 4703 13 5 5 CD 7960 4703 14 , , , 7960 4703 15 1582 1582 CD 7960 4703 16 , , , 7960 4703 17 Oct. October NNP 7960 4703 18 15 15 CD 7960 4703 19 , , , 7960 4703 20 and and CC 7960 4703 21 continuing continue VBG 7960 4703 22 the the DT 7960 4703 23 count count NN 7960 4703 24 10 10 CD 7960 4703 25 days day NNS 7960 4703 26 in in IN 7960 4703 27 advance advance NN 7960 4703 28 . . . 7960 4704 1 This this DT 7960 4704 2 " " `` 7960 4704 3 Gregorian Gregorian NNP 7960 4704 4 Calendar calendar NN 7960 4704 5 " " '' 7960 4704 6 was be VBD 7960 4704 7 adopted adopt VBN 7960 4704 8 by by IN 7960 4704 9 Great Great NNP 7960 4704 10 Britain Britain NNP 7960 4704 11 in in IN 7960 4704 12 1752 1752 CD 7960 4704 13 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 4704 14 and and CC 7960 4704 15 subsequently subsequently RB 7960 4704 16 by by IN 7960 4704 17 other other JJ 7960 4704 18 Protestant protestant JJ 7960 4704 19 countries country NNS 7960 4704 20 . . . 7960 4705 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 4705 2 has have VBZ 7960 4705 3 not not RB 7960 4705 4 won win VBN 7960 4705 5 acceptance acceptance NN 7960 4705 6 in in IN 7960 4705 7 Russia Russia NNP 7960 4705 8 and and CC 7960 4705 9 Greece Greece NNP 7960 4705 10 . . . 7960 4706 1 The the DT 7960 4706 2 difference difference NN 7960 4706 3 between between IN 7960 4706 4 the the DT 7960 4706 5 two two CD 7960 4706 6 systems system NNS 7960 4706 7 -- -- : 7960 4706 8 the the DT 7960 4706 9 Old Old NNP 7960 4706 10 Style Style NNP 7960 4706 11 and and CC 7960 4706 12 the the DT 7960 4706 13 New New NNP 7960 4706 14 Style Style NNP 7960 4706 15 -- -- : 7960 4706 16 is be VBZ 7960 4706 17 now now RB 7960 4706 18 about about RB 7960 4706 19 13 13 CD 7960 4706 20 days day NNS 7960 4706 21 . . . 7960 4707 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 4707 2 28 28 CD 7960 4707 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 4707 4 His -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4707 5 name name NN 7960 4707 6 was be VBD 7960 4707 7 Octavius Octavius NNP 7960 4707 8 , , , 7960 4707 9 but but CC 7960 4707 10 after after IN 7960 4707 11 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4707 12 adoption adoption NN 7960 4707 13 by by IN 7960 4707 14 Caesar Caesar NNP 7960 4707 15 he -PRON- PRP 7960 4707 16 called call VBD 7960 4707 17 himself -PRON- PRP 7960 4707 18 Gaius Gaius NNP 7960 4707 19 Julius Julius NNP 7960 4707 20 Caesar Caesar NNP 7960 4707 21 Octavianus Octavianus NNP 7960 4707 22 . . . 7960 4708 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 4708 2 29 29 CD 7960 4708 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 4708 4 Cicero Cicero NNP 7960 4708 5 , , , 7960 4708 6 _ _ NNP 7960 4708 7 Letters Letters NNPS 7960 4708 8 _ _ NNP 7960 4708 9 , , , 7960 4708 10 xix xix NNP 7960 4708 11 , , , 7960 4708 12 20 20 CD 7960 4708 13 . . . 7960 4709 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 4709 2 30 30 CD 7960 4709 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 4709 4 See see VB 7960 4709 5 page page NN 7960 4709 6 185 185 CD 7960 4709 7 . . . 7960 4710 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 4710 2 31 31 CD 7960 4710 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 4710 4 See see VB 7960 4710 5 page page NN 7960 4710 6 127 127 CD 7960 4710 7 . . . 7960 4711 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 4711 2 32 32 CD 7960 4711 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 4711 4 See see VB 7960 4711 5 page page NN 7960 4711 6 160 160 CD 7960 4711 7 . . . 7960 4712 1 CHAPTER CHAPTER NNP 7960 4712 2 IX IX NNP 7960 4712 3 THE the DT 7960 4712 4 EARLY early NN 7960 4712 5 EMPIRE empire NN 7960 4712 6 : : : 7960 4712 7 THE the DT 7960 4712 8 WORLD WORLD NNP 7960 4712 9 UNDER under IN 7960 4712 10 ROMAN ROMAN NNP 7960 4712 11 RULE RULE NNP 7960 4712 12 , , , 7960 4712 13 31 31 CD 7960 4712 14 B.C.-l80 B.C.-l80 NNP 7960 4712 15 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 4712 16 [ [ -LRB- 7960 4712 17 1 1 CD 7960 4712 18 ] ] -RRB- 7960 4712 19 66 66 CD 7960 4712 20 . . . 7960 4713 1 AUGUSTUS AUGUSTUS NNP 7960 4713 2 , , , 7960 4713 3 31 31 CD 7960 4713 4 B.C.-l4 B.C.-l4 NNP 7960 4713 5 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 4713 6 [ [ -LRB- 7960 4713 7 Illustration illustration NN 7960 4713 8 : : : 7960 4713 9 AUGUSTUS AUGUSTUS NNP 7960 4713 10 ( ( -LRB- 7960 4713 11 Vatican Vatican NNP 7960 4713 12 Museum Museum NNP 7960 4713 13 , , , 7960 4713 14 Rome Rome NNP 7960 4713 15 ) ) -RRB- 7960 4713 16 ] ] -RRB- 7960 4713 17 THE the DT 7960 4713 18 EARLY EARLY NNP 7960 4713 19 EMPIRE EMPIRE NNP 7960 4713 20 , , , 7960 4713 21 31 31 CD 7960 4713 22 B.C.-180 b.c.-180 NN 7960 4713 23 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 4714 1 The the DT 7960 4714 2 period period NN 7960 4714 3 of of IN 7960 4714 4 two two CD 7960 4714 5 hundred hundred CD 7960 4714 6 and and CC 7960 4714 7 eleven eleven CD 7960 4714 8 years year NNS 7960 4714 9 , , , 7960 4714 10 between between IN 7960 4714 11 the the DT 7960 4714 12 accession accession NN 7960 4714 13 of of IN 7960 4714 14 Augustus Augustus NNP 7960 4714 15 and and CC 7960 4714 16 the the DT 7960 4714 17 death death NN 7960 4714 18 of of IN 7960 4714 19 Marcus Marcus NNP 7960 4714 20 Aurelius Aurelius NNP 7960 4714 21 , , , 7960 4714 22 is be VBZ 7960 4714 23 known know VBN 7960 4714 24 as as IN 7960 4714 25 the the DT 7960 4714 26 Early Early NNP 7960 4714 27 Empire Empire NNP 7960 4714 28 . . . 7960 4715 1 As as IN 7960 4715 2 we -PRON- PRP 7960 4715 3 shall shall MD 7960 4715 4 now now RB 7960 4715 5 learn learn VB 7960 4715 6 , , , 7960 4715 7 it -PRON- PRP 7960 4715 8 was be VBD 7960 4715 9 a a DT 7960 4715 10 time time NN 7960 4715 11 of of IN 7960 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genius NN 7960 4720 6 to to TO 7960 4720 7 dazzle dazzle VB 7960 4720 8 the the DT 7960 4720 9 world world NN 7960 4720 10 with with IN 7960 4720 11 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4720 12 achievements achievement NNS 7960 4720 13 . . . 7960 4721 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 4721 2 was be VBD 7960 4721 3 a a DT 7960 4721 4 cool cool JJ 7960 4721 5 and and CC 7960 4721 6 passionless passionless JJ 7960 4721 7 statesman statesman NN 7960 4721 8 who who WP 7960 4721 9 took take VBD 7960 4721 10 advantage advantage NN 7960 4721 11 of of IN 7960 4721 12 a a DT 7960 4721 13 memorable memorable JJ 7960 4721 14 opportunity opportunity NN 7960 4721 15 to to TO 7960 4721 16 remake remake VB 7960 4721 17 the the DT 7960 4721 18 Roman roman JJ 7960 4721 19 state state NN 7960 4721 20 , , , 7960 4721 21 and and CC 7960 4721 22 who who WP 7960 4721 23 succeeded succeed VBD 7960 4721 24 in in IN 7960 4721 25 the the DT 7960 4721 26 attempt attempt NN 7960 4721 27 . . . 7960 4722 1 Absolute absolute JJ 7960 4722 2 power power NN 7960 4722 3 , , , 7960 4722 4 which which WDT 7960 4722 5 destroys destroy VBZ 7960 4722 6 weaker weak JJR 7960 4722 7 men man NNS 7960 4722 8 , , , 7960 4722 9 with with IN 7960 4722 10 Augustus Augustus NNP 7960 4722 11 brought bring VBD 7960 4722 12 out out RP 7960 4722 13 the the DT 7960 4722 14 nobler noble JJR 7960 4722 15 elements element NNS 7960 4722 16 of of IN 7960 4722 17 character character NN 7960 4722 18 . . . 7960 4723 1 From from IN 7960 4723 2 the the DT 7960 4723 3 successful successful JJ 7960 4723 4 leader leader NN 7960 4723 5 of of IN 7960 4723 6 a a DT 7960 4723 7 party party NN 7960 4723 8 he -PRON- PRP 7960 4723 9 became become VBD 7960 4723 10 the the DT 7960 4723 11 wise wise JJ 7960 4723 12 and and CC 7960 4723 13 impartial impartial JJ 7960 4723 14 ruler ruler NN 7960 4723 15 of of IN 7960 4723 16 an an DT 7960 4723 17 empire empire NN 7960 4723 18 . . . 7960 4724 1 THE the DT 7960 4724 2 NEW NEW NNP 7960 4724 3 GOVERNMENT GOVERNMENT NNP 7960 4724 4 Augustus Augustus NNP 7960 4724 5 had have VBD 7960 4724 6 almost almost RB 7960 4724 7 unlimited unlimited JJ 7960 4724 8 power power NN 7960 4724 9 . . . 7960 4725 1 His -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4725 2 position position NN 7960 4725 3 was be VBD 7960 4725 4 that that DT 7960 4725 5 of of IN 7960 4725 6 a a DT 7960 4725 7 king king NN 7960 4725 8 , , , 7960 4725 9 as as RB 7960 4725 10 supreme supreme JJ 7960 4725 11 as as IN 7960 4725 12 Julius Julius NNP 7960 4725 13 Caesar Caesar NNP 7960 4725 14 had have VBD 7960 4725 15 ever ever RB 7960 4725 16 been be VBN 7960 4725 17 . . . 7960 4726 1 Better well RBR 7960 4726 2 , , , 7960 4726 3 however however RB 7960 4726 4 , , , 7960 4726 5 than than IN 7960 4726 6 Julius Julius NNP 7960 4726 7 Caesar Caesar NNP 7960 4726 8 , , , 7960 4726 9 Augustus Augustus NNP 7960 4726 10 realized realize VBD 7960 4726 11 that that IN 7960 4726 12 an an DT 7960 4726 13 undisguised undisguised JJ 7960 4726 14 autocracy autocracy NN 7960 4726 15 would would MD 7960 4726 16 only only RB 7960 4726 17 alienate alienate VB 7960 4726 18 public public JJ 7960 4726 19 opinion opinion NN 7960 4726 20 and and CC 7960 4726 21 invite invite VB 7960 4726 22 fresh fresh JJ 7960 4726 23 plots plot NNS 7960 4726 24 and and CC 7960 4726 25 rebellions rebellion NNS 7960 4726 26 , , , 7960 4726 27 Augustus Augustus NNP 7960 4726 28 intended intend VBD 7960 4726 29 to to TO 7960 4726 30 be be VB 7960 4726 31 the the DT 7960 4726 32 real real JJ 7960 4726 33 master master NN 7960 4726 34 , , , 7960 4726 35 but but CC 7960 4726 36 he -PRON- PRP 7960 4726 37 would would MD 7960 4726 38 also also RB 7960 4726 39 be be VB 7960 4726 40 careful careful JJ 7960 4726 41 to to TO 7960 4726 42 conceal conceal VB 7960 4726 43 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4726 44 authority authority NN 7960 4726 45 under under IN 7960 4726 46 republican republican JJ 7960 4726 47 forms form NNS 7960 4726 48 . . . 7960 4727 1 The the DT 7960 4727 2 emperor emperor NN 7960 4727 3 was be VBD 7960 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whose whose WP$ 7960 4766 35 religion religion NN 7960 4766 36 was be VBD 7960 4766 37 to to TO 7960 4766 38 overcome overcome VB 7960 4766 39 the the DT 7960 4766 40 worship worship NN 7960 4766 41 of of IN 7960 4766 42 the the DT 7960 4766 43 emperors emperor NNS 7960 4766 44 and and CC 7960 4766 45 with with IN 7960 4766 46 it -PRON- PRP 7960 4766 47 all all DT 7960 4766 48 other other JJ 7960 4766 49 faiths faith NNS 7960 4766 50 of of IN 7960 4766 51 pagan pagan JJ 7960 4766 52 antiquity antiquity NN 7960 4766 53 . . . 7960 4767 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 4767 2 7 7 CD 7960 4767 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 4767 4 67 67 CD 7960 4767 5 . . . 7960 4768 1 THE the DT 7960 4768 2 SUCCESSORS SUCCESSORS NNP 7960 4768 3 OF of IN 7960 4768 4 AUGUSTUS AUGUSTUS NNP 7960 4768 5 , , , 7960 4768 6 14 14 CD 7960 4768 7 - - SYM 7960 4768 8 96 96 CD 7960 4768 9 A.D. a.d. 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7960 4866 14 PAX PAX NNP 7960 4866 15 ROMANA ROMANA NNP 7960 4866 16 In in IN 7960 4866 17 her -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4866 18 roads road NNS 7960 4866 19 and and CC 7960 4866 20 fortifications fortification NNS 7960 4866 21 , , , 7960 4866 22 in in IN 7960 4866 23 the the DT 7960 4866 24 living living NN 7960 4866 25 rampart rampart NN 7960 4866 26 of of IN 7960 4866 27 her -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4866 28 legions legion NNS 7960 4866 29 , , , 7960 4866 30 Rome Rome NNP 7960 4866 31 long long RB 7960 4866 32 found find VBD 7960 4866 33 security security NN 7960 4866 34 . . . 7960 4867 1 Except except IN 7960 4867 2 for for IN 7960 4867 3 the the DT 7960 4867 4 districts district NNS 7960 4867 5 conquered conquer VBN 7960 4867 6 by by IN 7960 4867 7 Trajan Trajan NNP 7960 4867 8 but but CC 7960 4867 9 abandoned abandon VBN 7960 4867 10 by by IN 7960 4867 11 Hadrian Hadrian NNP 7960 4867 12 , , , 7960 4867 13 [ [ -LRB- 7960 4867 14 12 12 CD 7960 4867 15 ] ] -RRB- 7960 4867 16 the the DT 7960 4867 17 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33 . . . 7960 4879 1 St. St. NNP 7960 4879 2 Paul Paul NNP 7960 4879 3 did do VBD 7960 4879 4 this this DT 7960 4879 5 on on IN 7960 4879 6 one one CD 7960 4879 7 occasion occasion NN 7960 4879 8 when when WRB 7960 4879 9 on on IN 7960 4879 10 trial trial NN 7960 4879 11 for for IN 7960 4879 12 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4879 13 life life NN 7960 4879 14 . . . 7960 4880 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 4880 2 16 16 CD 7960 4880 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 4880 4 Wherever wherever WRB 7960 4880 5 he -PRON- PRP 7960 4880 6 lived live VBD 7960 4880 7 , , , 7960 4880 8 a a DT 7960 4880 9 Roman roman JJ 7960 4880 10 citizen citizen NN 7960 4880 11 enjoyed enjoy VBD 7960 4880 12 , , , 7960 4880 13 both both DT 7960 4880 14 for for IN 7960 4880 15 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4880 16 person person NN 7960 4880 17 and and CC 7960 4880 18 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4880 19 property property NN 7960 4880 20 , , , 7960 4880 21 the the DT 7960 4880 22 protection protection NN 7960 4880 23 of of IN 7960 4880 24 Roman roman JJ 7960 4880 25 law 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7960 4884 3 the the DT 7960 4884 4 beginning beginning NN 7960 4884 5 of of IN 7960 4884 6 the the DT 7960 4884 7 republic republic NN 7960 4884 8 they -PRON- PRP 7960 4884 9 framed frame VBD 7960 4884 10 the the DT 7960 4884 11 code code NN 7960 4884 12 of of IN 7960 4884 13 the the DT 7960 4884 14 Twelve Twelve NNP 7960 4884 15 Tables Tables NNPS 7960 4884 16 , , , 7960 4884 17 [ [ -LRB- 7960 4884 18 17 17 CD 7960 4884 19 ] ] -RRB- 7960 4884 20 which which WDT 7960 4884 21 long long RB 7960 4884 22 remained remain VBD 7960 4884 23 the the DT 7960 4884 24 basis basis NN 7960 4884 25 of of IN 7960 4884 26 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4884 27 jurisprudence jurisprudence NN 7960 4884 28 . . . 7960 4885 1 This this DT 7960 4885 2 code code NN 7960 4885 3 , , , 7960 4885 4 however however RB 7960 4885 5 , , , 7960 4885 6 was be VBD 7960 4885 7 so so RB 7960 4885 8 harsh harsh JJ 7960 4885 9 , , , 7960 4885 10 technical technical JJ 7960 4885 11 , , , 7960 4885 12 and and CC 7960 4885 13 brief 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PRP$ 7960 4935 4 forum forum NN 7960 4935 5 and and CC 7960 4935 6 senate- senate- NNP 7960 4935 7 house house NNP 7960 4935 8 , , , 7960 4935 9 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4935 10 temples temple NNS 7960 4935 11 , , , 7960 4935 12 theaters theater NNS 7960 4935 13 , , , 7960 4935 14 and and CC 7960 4935 15 baths bath NNS 7960 4935 16 , , , 7960 4935 17 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4935 18 circus circus NN 7960 4935 19 for for IN 7960 4935 20 racing racing NN 7960 4935 21 , , , 7960 4935 22 and and CC 7960 4935 23 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4935 24 amphitheater amphitheater NN 7960 4935 25 for for IN 7960 4935 26 gladiatorial gladiatorial JJ 7960 4935 27 combats combat NNS 7960 4935 28 . . . 7960 4936 1 Most Most JJS 7960 4936 2 of of IN 7960 4936 3 the the DT 7960 4936 4 municipalities municipality NNS 7960 4936 5 enjoyed enjoy VBD 7960 4936 6 an an DT 7960 4936 7 abundant abundant JJ 7960 4936 8 supply supply NN 7960 4936 9 of of IN 7960 4936 10 water water NN 7960 4936 11 , , , 7960 4936 12 and and CC 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7960 4940 2 GOVERNMENT government NN 7960 4940 3 The the DT 7960 4940 4 municipalities municipality NNS 7960 4940 5 of of IN 7960 4940 6 Roman roman JJ 7960 4940 7 origin origin NN 7960 4940 8 copied copy VBD 7960 4940 9 the the DT 7960 4940 10 government government NN 7960 4940 11 of of IN 7960 4940 12 Rome Rome NNP 7960 4940 13 itself -PRON- PRP 7960 4940 14 . . . 7960 4941 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 4941 2 22 22 CD 7960 4941 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 4941 4 Each each DT 7960 4941 5 city city NN 7960 4941 6 had have VBD 7960 4941 7 a a DT 7960 4941 8 council council NN 7960 4941 9 , , , 7960 4941 10 or or CC 7960 4941 11 senate senate NNP 7960 4941 12 , , , 7960 4941 13 and and CC 7960 4941 14 a a DT 7960 4941 15 popular popular JJ 7960 4941 16 assembly assembly NN 7960 4941 17 which which WDT 7960 4941 18 chose choose VBD 7960 4941 19 the the DT 7960 4941 20 magistrates magistrate NNS 7960 4941 21 . . . 7960 4942 1 These these DT 7960 4942 2 officials official NNS 7960 4942 3 were be VBD 7960 4942 4 generally generally RB 7960 4942 5 rich rich JJ 7960 4942 6 men man NNS 7960 4942 7 ; ; : 7960 4942 8 they -PRON- PRP 7960 4942 9 received receive VBD 7960 4942 10 no no DT 7960 4942 11 salary salary NN 7960 4942 12 , , , 7960 4942 13 and and CC 7960 4942 14 in in IN 7960 4942 15 fact fact NN 7960 4942 16 had have VBD 7960 4942 17 to to TO 7960 4942 18 pay pay VB 7960 4942 19 a a DT 7960 4942 20 large large JJ 7960 4942 21 sum sum NN 7960 4942 22 on on IN 7960 4942 23 entering enter VBG 7960 4942 24 office office NN 7960 4942 25 . . . 7960 4943 1 Local local JJ 7960 4943 2 politics politic NNS 7960 4943 3 excited excite VBD 7960 4943 4 the the DT 7960 4943 5 keenest keen JJS 7960 4943 6 interest interest NN 7960 4943 7 . . . 7960 4944 1 Many many JJ 7960 4944 2 of of IN 7960 4944 3 the the DT 7960 4944 4 inscriptions inscription NNS 7960 4944 5 found find VBN 7960 4944 6 on on IN 7960 4944 7 the the DT 7960 4944 8 walls wall NNS 7960 4944 9 of of IN 7960 4944 10 Pompeii Pompeii NNP 7960 4944 11 are be VBP 7960 4944 12 election election NN 7960 4944 13 placards placard NNS 7960 4944 14 recommending recommend VBG 7960 4944 15 particular particular JJ 7960 4944 16 candidates candidate NNS 7960 4944 17 for for IN 7960 4944 18 office office NN 7960 4944 19 . . . 7960 4945 1 Women woman NNS 7960 4945 2 sometimes sometimes RB 7960 4945 3 took take VBD 7960 4945 4 part part NN 7960 4945 5 in in IN 7960 4945 6 political political JJ 7960 4945 7 contests contest NNS 7960 4945 8 . . . 7960 4946 1 Distributions distribution NNS 7960 4946 2 of of IN 7960 4946 3 grain grain NN 7960 4946 4 , , , 7960 4946 5 oil oil NN 7960 4946 6 , , , 7960 4946 7 and and CC 7960 4946 8 money money NN 7960 4946 9 were be VBD 7960 4946 10 made make VBN 7960 4946 11 to to IN 7960 4946 12 needy needy JJ 7960 4946 13 citizens citizen NNS 7960 4946 14 , , , 7960 4946 15 in in IN 7960 4946 16 imitation imitation NN 7960 4946 17 of of IN 7960 4946 18 the the DT 7960 4946 19 bad bad JJ 7960 4946 20 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12 in in IN 7960 4948 13 these these DT 7960 4948 14 countless countless JJ 7960 4948 15 centers center NNS 7960 4948 16 of of IN 7960 4948 17 the the DT 7960 4948 18 Roman roman JJ 7960 4948 19 world world NN 7960 4948 20 has have VBZ 7960 4948 21 long long RB 7960 4948 22 since since RB 7960 4948 23 been be VBN 7960 4948 24 stilled still VBN 7960 4948 25 . . . 7960 4949 1 The the DT 7960 4949 2 cities city NNS 7960 4949 3 themselves -PRON- PRP 7960 4949 4 , , , 7960 4949 5 in in IN 7960 4949 6 many many JJ 7960 4949 7 instances instance NNS 7960 4949 8 , , , 7960 4949 9 have have VBP 7960 4949 10 utterly utterly RB 7960 4949 11 disappeared disappear VBN 7960 4949 12 . . . 7960 4950 1 Yet yet CC 7960 4950 2 the the DT 7960 4950 3 forms form NNS 7960 4950 4 of of IN 7960 4950 5 municipal municipal JJ 7960 4950 6 government government NN 7960 4950 7 , , , 7960 4950 8 together together RB 7960 4950 9 with with IN 7960 4950 10 the the DT 7960 4950 11 Roman roman JJ 7960 4950 12 idea idea NN 7960 4950 13 of of IN 7960 4950 14 a a DT 7960 4950 15 free free JJ 7960 4950 16 , , , 7960 4950 17 self self NN 7960 4950 18 - - HYPH 7960 4950 19 governing govern VBG 7960 4950 20 city city NN 7960 4950 21 , , , 7960 4950 22 never never RB 7960 4950 23 wholly wholly RB 7960 4950 24 died die VBD 7960 4950 25 out out RP 7960 4950 26 . . . 7960 4951 1 Some some DT 7960 4951 2 of of IN 7960 4951 3 the the DT 7960 4951 4 most most RBS 7960 4951 5 important important JJ 7960 4951 6 cities city NNS 7960 4951 7 which which WDT 7960 4951 8 flourished flourish VBD 7960 4951 9 in in IN 7960 4951 10 southern southern JJ 7960 4951 11 and and CC 7960 4951 12 western western JJ 7960 4951 13 Europe Europe NNP 7960 4951 14 during during IN 7960 4951 15 the the DT 7960 4951 16 later later JJ 7960 4951 17 Middle Middle NNP 7960 4951 18 Ages Ages NNP 7960 4951 19 preserved preserve VBD 7960 4951 20 clear clear JJ 7960 4951 21 traces trace NNS 7960 4951 22 of of IN 7960 4951 23 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4951 24 ancient ancient JJ 7960 4951 25 Roman roman JJ 7960 4951 26 origin origin NN 7960 4951 27 . . . 7960 4952 1 72 72 CD 7960 4952 2 . . . 7960 4953 1 ECONOMIC ECONOMIC NNP 7960 4953 2 AND and CC 7960 4953 3 SOCIAL social JJ 7960 4953 4 CONDITIONS conditions NN 7960 4953 5 IN in IN 7960 4953 6 THE the DT 7960 4953 7 FIRST first JJ 7960 4953 8 AND and CC 7960 4953 9 SECOND second JJ 7960 4953 10 CENTURIES century NNS 7960 4953 11 PROMOTION PROMOTION NNS 7960 4953 12 OF of IN 7960 4953 13 COMMERCE commerce NN 7960 4953 14 The the DT 7960 4953 15 first first JJ 7960 4953 16 two two CD 7960 4953 17 centuries century NNS 7960 4953 18 of of IN 7960 4953 19 our -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4953 20 era era NN 7960 4953 21 formed form VBD 7960 4953 22 the the DT 7960 4953 23 golden golden JJ 7960 4953 24 age age NN 7960 4953 25 of of IN 7960 4953 26 Roman roman JJ 7960 4953 27 commerce commerce NN 7960 4953 28 . . . 7960 4954 1 The the DT 7960 4954 2 emperors emperor NNS 7960 4954 3 fostered foster VBD 7960 4954 4 it -PRON- PRP 7960 4954 5 in in IN 7960 4954 6 many many JJ 7960 4954 7 ways way NNS 7960 4954 8 . . . 7960 4955 1 Augustus Augustus NNP 7960 4955 2 and and CC 7960 4955 3 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4955 4 successors successor NNS 7960 4955 5 kept keep VBD 7960 4955 6 the the DT 7960 4955 7 Mediterranean Mediterranean NNP 7960 4955 8 free free JJ 7960 4955 9 from from IN 7960 4955 10 pirates pirate NNS 7960 4955 11 , , , 7960 4955 12 built build VBD 7960 4955 13 lighthouses lighthouse NNS 7960 4955 14 and and CC 7960 4955 15 improved improve VBN 7960 4955 16 harbors harbor NNS 7960 4955 17 , , , 7960 4955 18 policed police VBD 7960 4955 19 the the DT 7960 4955 20 highways highway NNS 7960 4955 21 , , , 7960 4955 22 and and CC 7960 4955 23 made make VBN 7960 4955 24 travel travel NN 7960 4955 25 by by IN 7960 4955 26 land land NN 7960 4955 27 both both CC 7960 4955 28 speedy speedy JJ 7960 4955 29 and and CC 7960 4955 30 safe safe JJ 7960 4955 31 . . . 7960 4956 1 An an DT 7960 4956 2 imperial imperial JJ 7960 4956 3 currency currency NN 7960 4956 4 [ [ -LRB- 7960 4956 5 23 23 CD 7960 4956 6 ] ] -RRB- 7960 4956 7 replaced replace VBD 7960 4956 8 the the DT 7960 4956 9 various various JJ 7960 4956 10 national national JJ 7960 4956 11 coinages coinage NNS 7960 4956 12 with with IN 7960 4956 13 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4956 14 limited limited JJ 7960 4956 15 circulation circulation NN 7960 4956 16 . . . 7960 4957 1 The the DT 7960 4957 2 vexatious vexatious JJ 7960 4957 3 import import NN 7960 4957 4 and and CC 7960 4957 5 export export NN 7960 4957 6 duties duty NNS 7960 4957 7 , , , 7960 4957 8 levied levy VBN 7960 4957 9 by by IN 7960 4957 10 different different JJ 7960 4957 11 countries country NNS 7960 4957 12 and and CC 7960 4957 13 cities city NNS 7960 4957 14 on on IN 7960 4957 15 foreign foreign JJ 7960 4957 16 produce produce NN 7960 4957 17 , , , 7960 4957 18 were be VBD 7960 4957 19 swept sweep VBN 7960 4957 20 away away RB 7960 4957 21 . . . 7960 4958 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5 Gaul Gaul NNP 7960 4960 6 the the DT 7960 4960 7 rivers river NNS 7960 4960 8 of of IN 7960 4960 9 that that DT 7960 4960 10 country country NN 7960 4960 11 became become VBD 7960 4960 12 channels channel NNS 7960 4960 13 of of IN 7960 4960 14 trade trade NN 7960 4960 15 between between IN 7960 4960 16 western western JJ 7960 4960 17 Europe Europe NNP 7960 4960 18 and and CC 7960 4960 19 Italy Italy NNP 7960 4960 20 . . . 7960 4961 1 The the DT 7960 4961 2 conquest conquest NN 7960 4961 3 of of IN 7960 4961 4 the the DT 7960 4961 5 districts district NNS 7960 4961 6 north north NNP 7960 4961 7 and and CC 7960 4961 8 south south RB 7960 4961 9 of of IN 7960 4961 10 the the DT 7960 4961 11 Danube Danube NNP 7960 4961 12 opened open VBD 7960 4961 13 up up RP 7960 4961 14 an an DT 7960 4961 15 important important JJ 7960 4961 16 route route NN 7960 4961 17 between between IN 7960 4961 18 central central JJ 7960 4961 19 Europe Europe NNP 7960 4961 20 and and CC 7960 4961 21 the the DT 7960 4961 22 Mediterranean Mediterranean NNP 7960 4961 23 . . . 7960 4962 1 Imports import NNS 7960 4962 2 from from IN 7960 4962 3 the the DT 7960 4962 4 far far RB 7960 4962 5 eastern eastern JJ 7960 4962 6 countries country NNS 7960 4962 7 came come VBD 7960 4962 8 by by IN 7960 4962 9 caravan caravan NNP 7960 4962 10 through through IN 7960 4962 11 Asia Asia NNP 7960 4962 12 to to IN 7960 4962 13 ports port NNS 7960 4962 14 on on IN 7960 4962 15 the the DT 7960 4962 16 Black Black NNP 7960 4962 17 Sea Sea NNP 7960 4962 18 . . . 7960 4963 1 The the DT 7960 4963 2 water water NN 7960 4963 3 routes route NNS 7960 4963 4 led lead VBN 7960 4963 5 by by IN 7960 4963 6 way way NN 7960 4963 7 of of IN 7960 4963 8 the the DT 7960 4963 9 Persian Persian NNP 7960 4963 10 Gulf Gulf NNP 7960 4963 11 to to IN 7960 4963 12 the the DT 7960 4963 13 great great JJ 7960 4963 14 Syrian syrian JJ 7960 4963 15 cities city NNS 7960 4963 16 of of IN 7960 4963 17 Antioch Antioch NNP 7960 4963 18 and and CC 7960 4963 19 Palmyra Palmyra NNP 7960 4963 20 and and CC 7960 4963 21 , , , 7960 4963 22 by by IN 7960 4963 23 way way NN 7960 4963 24 of of IN 7960 4963 25 the the DT 7960 4963 26 Red Red NNP 7960 4963 27 Sea Sea NNP 7960 4963 28 , , , 7960 4963 29 to to IN 7960 4963 30 Alexandria Alexandria NNP 7960 4963 31 on on IN 7960 4963 32 the the DT 7960 4963 33 Nile Nile NNP 7960 4963 34 . . . 7960 4964 1 From from IN 7960 4964 2 these these DT 7960 4964 3 thriving thrive VBG 7960 4964 4 commercial commercial JJ 7960 4964 5 centers center NNS 7960 4964 6 products product NNS 7960 4964 7 were be VBD 7960 4964 8 shipped ship VBN 7960 4964 9 to to IN 7960 4964 10 every every DT 7960 4964 11 region region NN 7960 4964 12 of of IN 7960 4964 13 the the DT 7960 4964 14 empire empire NN 7960 4964 15 . . . 7960 4965 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 4965 2 24 24 CD 7960 4965 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 4965 4 [ [ -LRB- 7960 4965 5 Illustration illustration NN 7960 4965 6 : : : 7960 4965 7 A a DT 7960 4965 8 ROMAN roman NN 7960 4965 9 FREIGHT freight NN 7960 4965 10 SHIP ship VB 7960 4965 11 The the DT 7960 4965 12 ship ship NN 7960 4965 13 lies lie VBZ 7960 4965 14 beside beside IN 7960 4965 15 the the DT 7960 4965 16 wharf wharf NN 7960 4965 17 at at IN 7960 4965 18 Ostia Ostia NNP 7960 4965 19 . . . 7960 4966 1 In in IN 7960 4966 2 the the DT 7960 4966 3 after after IN 7960 4966 4 - - HYPH 7960 4966 5 part part NN 7960 4966 6 of of IN 7960 4966 7 the the DT 7960 4966 8 vessel vessel NN 7960 4966 9 is be VBZ 7960 4966 10 a a DT 7960 4966 11 cabin cabin NN 7960 4966 12 with with IN 7960 4966 13 two two CD 7960 4966 14 windows window NNS 7960 4966 15 . . . 7960 4967 1 Notice notice VB 7960 4967 2 the the DT 7960 4967 3 figure figure NN 7960 4967 4 of of IN 7960 4967 5 Victory victory NN 7960 4967 6 on on IN 7960 4967 7 the the DT 7960 4967 8 top top NN 7960 4967 9 of of IN 7960 4967 10 the the DT 7960 4967 11 single single JJ 7960 4967 12 mast mast NN 7960 4967 13 and and CC 7960 4967 14 the the DT 7960 4967 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17 many many JJ 7960 4969 18 thousands thousand NNS 7960 4969 19 of of IN 7960 4969 20 traders trader NNS 7960 4969 21 . . . 7960 4970 1 There there EX 7960 4970 2 were be VBD 7960 4970 3 great great JJ 7960 4970 4 wholesale wholesale JJ 7960 4970 5 merchants merchant NNS 7960 4970 6 whose whose WP$ 7960 4970 7 warehouses warehouse NNS 7960 4970 8 stored store VBN 7960 4970 9 grain grain NN 7960 4970 10 and and CC 7960 4970 11 all all DT 7960 4970 12 kinds kind NNS 7960 4970 13 of of IN 7960 4970 14 merchandise merchandise NN 7960 4970 15 . . . 7960 4971 1 There there EX 7960 4971 2 were be VBD 7960 4971 3 also also RB 7960 4971 4 many many JJ 7960 4971 5 retail retail JJ 7960 4971 6 shopkeepers shopkeeper NNS 7960 4971 7 . . . 7960 4972 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 4972 2 might may MD 7960 4972 3 be be VB 7960 4972 4 sometimes sometimes RB 7960 4972 5 the the DT 7960 4972 6 slaves slave NNS 7960 4972 7 or or CC 7960 4972 8 freedmen freedman NNS 7960 4972 9 of of IN 7960 4972 10 a a DT 7960 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7960 4974 21 under under IN 7960 4974 22 the the DT 7960 4974 23 empire empire NN 7960 4974 24 . . . 7960 4975 1 FREE free JJ 7960 4975 2 LABORERS laborer NNS 7960 4975 3 AT at IN 7960 4975 4 ROME rome NN 7960 4975 5 The the DT 7960 4975 6 slaves slave NNS 7960 4975 7 at at IN 7960 4975 8 Rome Rome NNP 7960 4975 9 , , , 7960 4975 10 like like IN 7960 4975 11 those those DT 7960 4975 12 at at IN 7960 4975 13 Athens Athens NNP 7960 4975 14 , , , 7960 4975 15 [ [ -LRB- 7960 4975 16 25 25 CD 7960 4975 17 ] ] -RRB- 7960 4975 18 carried carry VBN 7960 4975 19 on on IN 7960 4975 20 many many JJ 7960 4975 21 industrial industrial JJ 7960 4975 22 tasks task NNS 7960 4975 23 . . . 7960 4976 1 We -PRON- PRP 7960 4976 2 must must MD 7960 4976 3 not not RB 7960 4976 4 imagine imagine VB 7960 4976 5 , , , 7960 4976 6 however however RB 7960 4976 7 , , , 7960 4976 8 that that IN 7960 4976 9 all all PDT 7960 4976 10 the the DT 7960 4976 11 manual manual JJ 7960 4976 12 labor labor NN 7960 4976 13 of of IN 7960 4976 14 the the DT 7960 4976 15 city city NN 7960 4976 16 was be VBD 7960 4976 17 performed perform VBN 7960 4976 18 by by IN 7960 4976 19 bondmen bondman NNS 7960 4976 20 . . . 7960 4977 1 The the DT 7960 4977 2 number number NN 7960 4977 3 of of IN 7960 4977 4 slaves slave NNS 7960 4977 5 even even RB 7960 4977 6 tended tend VBD 7960 4977 7 to to TO 7960 4977 8 decline decline VB 7960 4977 9 , , , 7960 4977 10 when when WRB 7960 4977 11 there there EX 7960 4977 12 were be VBD 7960 4977 13 no no DT 7960 4977 14 more more JJR 7960 4977 15 border border NN 7960 4977 16 wars war NNS 7960 4977 17 to to TO 7960 4977 18 yield yield VB 7960 4977 19 captives captive NNS 7960 4977 20 for for IN 7960 4977 21 the the DT 7960 4977 22 slave slave NN 7960 4977 23 markets market NNS 7960 4977 24 . . . 7960 4978 1 The the DT 7960 4978 2 growing grow VBG 7960 4978 3 custom custom NN 7960 4978 4 of of IN 7960 4978 5 emancipation emancipation NN 7960 4978 6 worked work VBN 7960 4978 7 in in 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calling calling NN 7960 4980 10 frequently frequently RB 7960 4980 11 formed form VBN 7960 4980 12 clubs club NNS 7960 4980 13 , , , 7960 4980 14 or or CC 7960 4980 15 guilds guild NNS 7960 4980 16 . . . 7960 4981 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 4981 2 26 26 CD 7960 4981 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 4981 4 There there EX 7960 4981 5 were be VBD 7960 4981 6 guilds guild NNS 7960 4981 7 of of IN 7960 4981 8 weavers weaver NNS 7960 4981 9 , , , 7960 4981 10 shoe shoe NN 7960 4981 11 - - HYPH 7960 4981 12 makers maker NNS 7960 4981 13 , , , 7960 4981 14 jewelers jeweler NNS 7960 4981 15 , , , 7960 4981 16 painters painter NNS 7960 4981 17 , , , 7960 4981 18 musicians musician NNS 7960 4981 19 , , , 7960 4981 20 and and CC 7960 4981 21 even even RB 7960 4981 22 of of IN 7960 4981 23 gladiators gladiator NNS 7960 4981 24 . . . 7960 4982 1 These these DT 7960 4982 2 associations association NNS 7960 4982 3 were be VBD 7960 4982 4 not not RB 7960 4982 5 organized organize VBN 7960 4982 6 for for IN 7960 4982 7 the the DT 7960 4982 8 purpose purpose NN 7960 4982 9 of of IN 7960 4982 10 securing secure VBG 7960 4982 11 higher high JJR 7960 4982 12 wages wage NNS 7960 4982 13 and and CC 7960 4982 14 shorter short JJR 7960 4982 15 hours hour NNS 7960 4982 16 by by IN 7960 4982 17 strikes strike NNS 7960 4982 18 or or CC 7960 4982 19 threat threat NN 7960 4982 20 of of IN 7960 4982 21 strikes strike NNS 7960 4982 22 . . . 7960 4983 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 4983 2 seem seem VBP 7960 4983 3 to to TO 7960 4983 4 have have VB 7960 4983 5 existed exist VBN 7960 4983 6 chiefly chiefly RB 7960 4983 7 for for IN 7960 4983 8 social social JJ 7960 4983 9 and and CC 7960 4983 10 religious religious JJ 7960 4983 11 purposes purpose NNS 7960 4983 12 . . . 7960 4984 1 Each each DT 7960 4984 2 guild guild NN 7960 4984 3 had have VBD 7960 4984 4 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4984 5 clubhouse clubhouse NN 7960 4984 6 for for IN 7960 4984 7 official official JJ 7960 4984 8 meetings meeting NNS 7960 4984 9 and and CC 7960 4984 10 banquets banquet NNS 7960 4984 11 . . . 7960 4985 1 Each each DT 7960 4985 2 guild guild NN 7960 4985 3 had have VBD 7960 4985 4 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4985 5 special special JJ 7960 4985 6 deity deity NN 7960 4985 7 , , , 7960 4985 8 such such JJ 7960 4985 9 as as IN 7960 4985 10 Vesta Vesta NNP 7960 4985 11 , , , 7960 4985 12 the the DT 7960 4985 13 fire fire NN 7960 4985 14 goddess goddess NN 7960 4985 15 , , , 7960 4985 16 for for IN 7960 4985 17 bakers baker NNS 7960 4985 18 , , , 7960 4985 19 and and CC 7960 4985 20 Bacchus Bacchus NNP 7960 4985 21 , , , 7960 4985 22 the the DT 7960 4985 23 wine wine NN 7960 4985 24 god god NNP 7960 4985 25 , , , 7960 4985 26 for for IN 7960 4985 27 innkeepers innkeeper NNS 7960 4985 28 . . . 7960 4986 1 Every every DT 7960 4986 2 year year NN 7960 4986 3 the the DT 7960 4986 4 guildsmen guildsman NNS 7960 4986 5 held hold VBD 7960 4986 6 a a DT 7960 4986 7 festival festival NN 7960 4986 8 , , , 7960 4986 9 in in IN 7960 4986 10 honor honor NN 7960 4986 11 of of IN 7960 4986 12 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4986 13 patron patron NN 7960 4986 14 , , , 7960 4986 15 and and CC 7960 4986 16 marched march VBD 7960 4986 17 through through IN 7960 4986 18 the the DT 7960 4986 19 streets street NNS 7960 4986 20 with with IN 7960 4986 21 banners banner NNS 7960 4986 22 and and CC 7960 4986 23 the the DT 7960 4986 24 emblems emblem NNS 7960 4986 25 of of IN 7960 4986 26 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 4986 27 trade trade NN 7960 4986 28 . . . 7960 4987 1 Nearly nearly RB 7960 4987 2 all all PDT 7960 4987 3 the the DT 7960 4987 4 guilds guild NNS 7960 4987 5 had have VBD 7960 4987 6 as as IN 7960 4987 7 one one CD 7960 4987 8 main main JJ 7960 4987 9 object object NN 7960 4987 10 the the DT 7960 4987 11 provision provision NN 7960 4987 12 of of IN 7960 4987 13 a a DT 7960 4987 14 proper proper JJ 7960 4987 15 funeral funeral NN 7960 4987 16 and and CC 7960 4987 17 tomb tomb NN 7960 4987 18 for for IN 7960 4987 19 deceased deceased JJ 7960 4987 20 members 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4994 8 and and CC 7960 4994 9 permitted permit VBD 7960 4994 10 an an DT 7960 4994 11 outdoor outdoor JJ 7960 4994 12 life life NN 7960 4994 13 . . . 7960 4995 1 The the DT 7960 4995 2 public public JJ 7960 4995 3 baths-- baths-- JJ 7960 4995 4 great great JJ 7960 4995 5 clubhouses clubhouse NNS 7960 4995 6 -- -- : 7960 4995 7 stood stand VBD 7960 4995 8 open open JJ 7960 4995 9 to to IN 7960 4995 10 every every DT 7960 4995 11 one one NN 7960 4995 12 who who WP 7960 4995 13 could could MD 7960 4995 14 pay pay VB 7960 4995 15 a a DT 7960 4995 16 trifling trifling NN 7960 4995 17 fee fee NN 7960 4995 18 . . . 7960 4996 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 4996 2 27 27 CD 7960 4996 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 4996 4 Numerous numerous JJ 7960 4996 5 holidays holiday NNS 7960 4996 6 , , , 7960 4996 7 celebrated celebrate VBN 7960 4996 8 with with IN 7960 4996 9 games game NNS 7960 4996 10 and and CC 7960 4996 11 shows show NNS 7960 4996 12 , , , 7960 4996 13 brightened brightened JJ 7960 4996 14 existence existence NN 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NN 7960 4998 7 Wall wall NN 7960 4998 8 painting painting NN 7960 4998 9 , , , 7960 4998 10 Pompeii Pompeii NNP 7960 4998 11 . . . 7960 4998 12 ] ] -RRB- 7960 4999 1 GREAT great JJ 7960 4999 2 FORTUNES FORTUNES NNP 7960 4999 3 It -PRON- PRP 7960 4999 4 was be VBD 7960 4999 5 an an DT 7960 4999 6 age age NN 7960 4999 7 of of IN 7960 4999 8 millionaires millionaire NNS 7960 4999 9 . . . 7960 5000 1 There there EX 7960 5000 2 had have VBD 7960 5000 3 been be VBN 7960 5000 4 rich rich JJ 7960 5000 5 men man NNS 7960 5000 6 , , , 7960 5000 7 such such JJ 7960 5000 8 as as IN 7960 5000 9 Crassus Crassus NNP 7960 5000 10 , , , 7960 5000 11 [ [ -LRB- 7960 5000 12 28 28 CD 7960 5000 13 ] ] -RRB- 7960 5000 14 during during IN 7960 5000 15 the the DT 7960 5000 16 last last JJ 7960 5000 17 century century NN 7960 5000 18 of of IN 7960 5000 19 the the DT 7960 5000 20 republic republic NN 7960 5000 21 ; ; : 7960 5000 22 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 5000 23 numbers number NNS 7960 5000 24 increased 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7960 5023 24 our -PRON- PRP$ 7960 5023 25 great great JJ 7960 5023 26 modern modern JJ 7960 5023 27 capitals capital NNS 7960 5023 28 can can MD 7960 5023 29 show show VB 7960 5023 30 , , , 7960 5023 31 During during IN 7960 5023 32 this this DT 7960 5023 33 period period NN 7960 5023 34 , , , 7960 5023 35 moreover moreover RB 7960 5023 36 , , , 7960 5023 37 many many JJ 7960 5023 38 remarkable remarkable JJ 7960 5023 39 improvements improvement NNS 7960 5023 40 took take VBD 7960 5023 41 place place NN 7960 5023 42 in in IN 7960 5023 43 social social JJ 7960 5023 44 life life NN 7960 5023 45 and and CC 7960 5023 46 manners manner NNS 7960 5023 47 . . . 7960 5024 1 There there EX 7960 5024 2 was be VBD 7960 5024 3 an an DT 7960 5024 4 increasing increase VBG 7960 5024 5 kindliness kindliness NN 7960 5024 6 and and CC 7960 5024 7 charity charity NN 7960 5024 8 . . . 7960 5025 1 The the DT 7960 5025 2 weak weak JJ 7960 5025 3 and and CC 7960 5025 4 the the DT 7960 5025 5 infirm infirm NN 7960 5025 6 were be VBD 7960 5025 7 better well RBR 7960 5025 8 treated treat VBN 7960 5025 9 . . . 7960 5026 1 The the DT 7960 5026 2 education education NN 7960 5026 3 of of IN 7960 5026 4 the the DT 7960 5026 5 poor poor JJ 7960 5026 6 was be VBD 7960 5026 7 encouraged encourage VBN 7960 5026 8 by by IN 7960 5026 9 the the DT 7960 5026 10 founding founding NN 7960 5026 11 of of IN 7960 5026 12 free free JJ 7960 5026 13 schools school NNS 7960 5026 14 . . . 7960 5027 1 Wealthy wealthy JJ 7960 5027 2 citizens citizen NNS 7960 5027 3 of of IN 7960 5027 4 the the DT 7960 5027 5 various various JJ 7960 5027 6 towns town NNS 7960 5027 7 lavished lavish VBD 7960 5027 8 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 5027 9 fortunes fortune NNS 7960 5027 10 on on IN 7960 5027 11 such such JJ 7960 5027 12 public public JJ 7960 5027 13 works work NNS 7960 5027 14 as as IN 7960 5027 15 baths bath NNS 7960 5027 16 , , , 7960 5027 17 aqueducts aqueduct NNS 7960 5027 18 , , , 7960 5027 19 and and CC 7960 5027 20 temples 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the the DT 7960 5052 26 beautiful beautiful JJ 7960 5052 27 temple temple NN 7960 5052 28 called call VBD 7960 5052 29 La La NNP 7960 5052 30 Maison Maison NNP 7960 5052 31 Carrée Carrée NNP 7960 5052 32 in in IN 7960 5052 33 the the DT 7960 5052 34 same same JJ 7960 5052 35 city city NN 7960 5052 36 , , , 7960 5052 37 the the DT 7960 5052 38 Olympieum Olympieum NNP 7960 5052 39 at at IN 7960 5052 40 Athens Athens NNP 7960 5052 41 , , , 7960 5052 42 and and CC 7960 5052 43 the the DT 7960 5052 44 temple temple NN 7960 5052 45 of of IN 7960 5052 46 the the DT 7960 5052 47 Sun Sun NNP 7960 5052 48 at at IN 7960 5052 49 Baalbec Baalbec NNP 7960 5052 50 in in IN 7960 5052 51 Syria Syria NNP 7960 5052 52 Thus Thus NNP 7960 5052 53 the the DT 7960 5052 54 lonely lonely JJ 7960 5052 55 hilltops hilltop NNS 7960 5052 56 , , , 7960 5052 57 the the DT 7960 5052 58 desolate desolate JJ 7960 5052 59 desert desert NN 7960 5052 60 sands sand VBZ 7960 5052 61 , , , 7960 5052 62 the the DT 7960 5052 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NNP 7960 5056 1 The the DT 7960 5056 2 majestic majestic JJ 7960 5056 3 temple temple NN 7960 5056 4 of of IN 7960 5056 5 the the DT 7960 5056 6 Sun Sun NNP 7960 5056 7 contains contain VBZ 7960 5056 8 three three CD 7960 5056 9 megaliths megalith NNS 7960 5056 10 almost almost RB 7960 5056 11 as as RB 7960 5056 12 huge huge JJ 7960 5056 13 as as IN 7960 5056 14 the the DT 7960 5056 15 one one NN 7960 5056 16 represented represent VBD 7960 5056 17 in in IN 7960 5056 18 the the DT 7960 5056 19 illustration illustration NN 7960 5056 20 . . . 7960 5057 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 5057 2 are be VBP 7960 5057 3 the the DT 7960 5057 4 largest large JJS 7960 5057 5 blocks block NNS 7960 5057 6 known know VBN 7960 5057 7 to to TO 7960 5057 8 have have VB 7960 5057 9 been be VBN 7960 5057 10 used use VBN 7960 5057 11 in in IN 7960 5057 12 any any DT 7960 5057 13 structure structure NN 7960 5057 14 . . . 7960 5058 1 For for IN 7960 5058 2 a a DT 7960 5058 3 long long JJ 7960 5058 4 time time NN 7960 5058 5 they -PRON- PRP 7960 5058 6 were be VBD 7960 5058 7 supposed suppose VBN 7960 5058 8 to to TO 7960 5058 9 be be VB 7960 5058 10 relics relic NNS 7960 5058 11 of of IN 7960 5058 12 giant giant JJ 7960 5058 13 builders builder NNS 7960 5058 14 . . . 7960 5058 15 ] ] -RRB- 7960 5059 1 ROMANIZATION romanization NN 7960 5059 2 OF of IN 7960 5059 3 EAST EAST NNP 7960 5059 4 AND and CC 7960 5059 5 WEST west NN 7960 5059 6 The the DT 7960 5059 7 civilized civilized JJ 7960 5059 8 world world NN 7960 5059 9 took take VBD 7960 5059 10 on on RP 7960 5059 11 the the DT 7960 5059 12 stamp stamp NN 7960 5059 13 and and CC 7960 5059 14 impress impress NN 7960 5059 15 of of IN 7960 5059 16 Rome Rome NNP 7960 5059 17 . . . 7960 5060 1 The the DT 7960 5060 2 East East NNP 7960 5060 3 , , , 7960 5060 4 indeed indeed RB 7960 5060 5 , , , 7960 5060 6 remained remain VBD 7960 5060 7 Greek Greek NNP 7960 5060 8 in in IN 7960 5060 9 language language NN 7960 5060 10 and and CC 7960 5060 11 feeling feeling NN 7960 5060 12 , , , 7960 5060 13 but but CC 7960 5060 14 even even RB 7960 5060 15 there there EX 7960 5060 16 Roman roman JJ 7960 5060 17 law law NN 7960 5060 18 and and CC 7960 5060 19 government government NN 7960 5060 20 prevailed prevail VBD 7960 5060 21 , , , 7960 5060 22 Roman roman JJ 7960 5060 23 roads road NNS 7960 5060 24 traced trace VBD 7960 5060 25 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 5060 26 unerring unerring NN 7960 5060 27 course course NN 7960 5060 28 , , , 7960 5060 29 and and CC 7960 5060 30 Roman roman JJ 7960 5060 31 architects architect NNS 7960 5060 32 erected erect VBD 7960 5060 33 majestic majestic JJ 7960 5060 34 monuments monument NNS 7960 5060 35 . . . 7960 5061 1 The the DT 7960 5061 2 West West NNP 7960 5061 3 became become VBD 7960 5061 4 completely completely RB 7960 5061 5 Roman roman JJ 7960 5061 6 . . . 7960 5062 1 North North NNP 7960 5062 2 Africa Africa NNP 7960 5062 3 , , , 7960 5062 4 Spain Spain NNP 7960 5062 5 , , , 7960 5062 6 Gaul Gaul NNP 7960 5062 7 , , , 7960 5062 8 distant distant JJ 7960 5062 9 Dacia Dacia NNP 7960 5062 10 , , , 7960 5062 11 and and CC 7960 5062 12 Britain Britain NNP 7960 5062 13 were be VBD 7960 5062 14 the the DT 7960 5062 15 seats seat NNS 7960 5062 16 of of IN 7960 5062 17 populous populous JJ 7960 5062 18 cities city NNS 7960 5062 19 , , , 7960 5062 20 where where WRB 7960 5062 21 the the DT 7960 5062 22 Latin latin JJ 7960 5062 23 language language NN 7960 5062 24 was be VBD 7960 5062 25 spoken speak VBN 7960 5062 26 and and CC 7960 5062 27 Roman roman JJ 7960 5062 28 customs custom NNS 7960 5062 29 were be VBD 7960 5062 30 followed follow VBN 7960 5062 31 . . . 7960 5063 1 From from IN 7960 5063 2 them -PRON- PRP 7960 5063 3 came come VBD 7960 5063 4 the the DT 7960 5063 5 emperors emperor NNS 7960 5063 6 . . . 7960 5064 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 5064 2 furnished furnish VBD 7960 5064 3 some some DT 7960 5064 4 of of IN 7960 5064 5 the the DT 7960 5064 6 most most RBS 7960 5064 7 eminent eminent JJ 7960 5064 8 men man NNS 7960 5064 9 of of IN 7960 5064 10 letters letter NNS 7960 5064 11 . . . 7960 5065 1 Their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 5065 2 schools school NNS 7960 5065 3 of of IN 7960 5065 4 grammar grammar NN 7960 5065 5 and and CC 7960 5065 6 rhetoric rhetoric NN 7960 5065 7 attracted attract VBD 7960 5065 8 students student NNS 7960 5065 9 from from IN 7960 5065 10 Rome Rome NNP 7960 5065 11 itself -PRON- PRP 7960 5065 12 . . . 7960 5066 1 Thus thus RB 7960 5066 2 unconsciously unconsciously RB 7960 5066 3 , , , 7960 5066 4 but but CC 7960 5066 5 none none NN 7960 5066 6 the the DT 7960 5066 7 less less RBR 7960 5066 8 surely surely RB 7960 5066 9 , , , 7960 5066 10 local local JJ 7960 5066 11 habits habit NNS 7960 5066 12 and and CC 7960 5066 13 manners manner NNS 7960 5066 14 , , , 7960 5066 15 national national JJ 7960 5066 16 religions religion NNS 7960 5066 17 and and CC 7960 5066 18 tongues tongue NNS 7960 5066 19 , , , 7960 5066 20 provincial provincial JJ 7960 5066 21 institutions institution NNS 7960 5066 22 and and CC 7960 5066 23 ways way NNS 7960 5066 24 of of IN 7960 5066 25 thinking thinking NN 7960 5066 26 disappeared disappear VBD 7960 5066 27 from from IN 7960 5066 28 the the DT 7960 5066 29 ancient ancient JJ 7960 5066 30 world world NN 7960 5066 31 . . . 7960 5067 1 STUDIES STUDIES NNP 7960 5067 2 1 1 CD 7960 5067 3 . . . 7960 5068 1 On on IN 7960 5068 2 an an DT 7960 5068 3 outline outline NN 7960 5068 4 map map NN 7960 5068 5 indicate indicate VBP 7960 5068 6 the the DT 7960 5068 7 additions addition NNS 7960 5068 8 to to IN 7960 5068 9 Roman roman JJ 7960 5068 10 territory territory NN 7960 5068 11 : : : 7960 5068 12 during during IN 7960 5068 13 the the DT 7960 5068 14 reign reign NN 7960 5068 15 of of IN 7960 5068 16 Augustus Augustus NNP 7960 5068 17 , , , 7960 5068 18 31 31 CD 7960 5068 19 B.C.-14 B.C.-14 NNP 7960 5068 20 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 5068 21 ; ; : 7960 5068 22 during during IN 7960 5068 23 the the DT 7960 5068 24 period period NN 7960 5068 25 14 14 CD 7960 5068 26 - - HYPH 7960 5068 27 180 180 CD 7960 5068 28 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 5068 29 2 2 CD 7960 5068 30 . . . 7960 5069 1 On on IN 7960 5069 2 an an DT 7960 5069 3 outline outline NN 7960 5069 4 map map NN 7960 5069 5 indicate indicate VBP 7960 5069 6 ten ten CD 7960 5069 7 important important JJ 7960 5069 8 cities city NNS 7960 5069 9 of of IN 7960 5069 10 the the DT 7960 5069 11 Roman Roman NNP 7960 5069 12 Empire Empire NNP 7960 5069 13 . . . 7960 5070 1 3 3 LS 7960 5070 2 . . . 7960 5071 1 Connect connect VB 7960 5071 2 the the DT 7960 5071 3 proper proper JJ 7960 5071 4 events event NNS 7960 5071 5 with with IN 7960 5071 6 the the DT 7960 5071 7 following follow VBG 7960 5071 8 dates date NNS 7960 5071 9 : : : 7960 5071 10 79 79 CD 7960 5071 11 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 5071 12 ; ; : 7960 5071 13 180 180 CD 7960 5071 14 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 5071 15 ; ; : 7960 5071 16 and and CC 7960 5071 17 14 14 CD 7960 5071 18 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 5071 19 4 4 CD 7960 5071 20 . . . 7960 5072 1 Whom whom WP 7960 5072 2 do do VBP 7960 5072 3 you -PRON- PRP 7960 5072 4 consider consider VB 7960 5072 5 the the DT 7960 5072 6 greater great JJR 7960 5072 7 man man NN 7960 5072 8 , , , 7960 5072 9 Julius Julius NNP 7960 5072 10 Caesar Caesar NNP 7960 5072 11 or or CC 7960 5072 12 Augustus Augustus NNP 7960 5072 13 ? ? . 7960 5073 1 Give give VB 7960 5073 2 reasons reason NNS 7960 5073 3 for for IN 7960 5073 4 your -PRON- PRP$ 7960 5073 5 answer answer NN 7960 5073 6 . . . 7960 5074 1 5 5 CD 7960 5074 2 . . . 7960 5075 1 Compare compare VB 7960 5075 2 the the DT 7960 5075 3 Augustan Augustan NNP 7960 5075 4 Age Age NNP 7960 5075 5 at at IN 7960 5075 6 Rome Rome NNP 7960 5075 7 with with IN 7960 5075 8 the the DT 7960 5075 9 Age Age NNP 7960 5075 10 of of IN 7960 5075 11 Pericles Pericles NNPS 7960 5075 12 at at IN 7960 5075 13 Athens Athens NNP 7960 5075 14 . . . 7960 5076 1 6 6 CD 7960 5076 2 . . . 7960 5077 1 What what WP 7960 5077 2 is be VBZ 7960 5077 3 the the DT 7960 5077 4 _ _ NNP 7960 5077 5 Monumentum Monumentum NNP 7960 5077 6 Ancyranum Ancyranum NNP 7960 5077 7 _ _ NNP 7960 5077 8 and and CC 7960 5077 9 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 5077 10 historic historic JJ 7960 5077 11 importance importance NN 7960 5077 12 ( ( -LRB- 7960 5077 13 illustration illustration NN 7960 5077 14 Monumentum Monumentum NNP 7960 5077 15 Ancyranum Ancyranum NNP 7960 5077 16 , , , 7960 5077 17 section section NN 7960 5077 18 66 66 CD 7960 5077 19 . . . 7960 5078 1 Augustus Augustus NNP 7960 5078 2 , , , 7960 5078 3 31 31 CD 7960 5078 4 B.C.-l4 B.C.-l4 NNP 7960 5078 5 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 5078 6 , , , 7960 5078 7 topic topic NN 7960 5078 8 The the DT 7960 5078 9 Augustan Augustan NNP 7960 5078 10 Age Age NNP 7960 5078 11 ) ) -RRB- 7960 5078 12 ? ? . 7960 5079 1 7 7 LS 7960 5079 2 . . . 7960 5080 1 How how WRB 7960 5080 2 did do VBD 7960 5080 3 the the DT 7960 5080 4 worship worship NN 7960 5080 5 of of IN 7960 5080 6 the the DT 7960 5080 7 Caesars Caesars NNP 7960 5080 8 connect connect VBP 7960 5080 9 itself -PRON- PRP 7960 5080 10 with with IN 7960 5080 11 ancestor ancestor NN 7960 5080 12 worship worship NN 7960 5080 13 ? ? . 7960 5081 1 8 8 LS 7960 5081 2 . . . 7960 5082 1 In in IN 7960 5082 2 the the DT 7960 5082 3 reign reign NN 7960 5082 4 of of IN 7960 5082 5 what what WP 7960 5082 6 Roman roman JJ 7960 5082 7 emperor emperor NN 7960 5082 8 was be VBD 7960 5082 9 Jesus Jesus NNP 7960 5082 10 born bear VBN 7960 5082 11 ? ? . 7960 5083 1 In in IN 7960 5083 2 whose whose WP$ 7960 5083 3 reign reign NN 7960 5083 4 was be VBD 7960 5083 5 he -PRON- PRP 7960 5083 6 crucified crucify VBD 7960 5083 7 ? ? . 7960 5084 1 9 9 CD 7960 5084 2 . . . 7960 5085 1 How how WRB 7960 5085 2 did do VBD 7960 5085 3 the the DT 7960 5085 4 " " `` 7960 5085 5 year year NN 7960 5085 6 of of IN 7960 5085 7 anarchy anarchy NN 7960 5085 8 " " '' 7960 5085 9 after after IN 7960 5085 10 Nero Nero NNP 7960 5085 11 's 's POS 7960 5085 12 death death NN 7960 5085 13 exhibit exhibit NN 7960 5085 14 a a DT 7960 5085 15 weakness weakness NN 7960 5085 16 in in IN 7960 5085 17 the the DT 7960 5085 18 imperial imperial JJ 7960 5085 19 system system NN 7960 5085 20 ? ? . 7960 5086 1 10 10 CD 7960 5086 2 . . . 7960 5087 1 How how WRB 7960 5087 2 many many JJ 7960 5087 3 provinces province NNS 7960 5087 4 existed exist VBD 7960 5087 5 under under IN 7960 5087 6 Trajan Trajan NNP 7960 5087 7 ? ? . 7960 5088 1 11 11 CD 7960 5088 2 . . . 7960 5089 1 What what WDT 7960 5089 2 modern modern JJ 7960 5089 3 countries country NNS 7960 5089 4 are be VBP 7960 5089 5 included include VBN 7960 5089 6 within within IN 7960 5089 7 the the DT 7960 5089 8 limits limit NNS 7960 5089 9 of of IN 7960 5089 10 the the DT 7960 5089 11 Roman Roman NNP 7960 5089 12 Empire Empire NNP 7960 5089 13 in in IN 7960 5089 14 the the DT 7960 5089 15 age age NN 7960 5089 16 of of IN 7960 5089 17 Trajan Trajan NNP 7960 5089 18 ? ? . 7960 5090 1 12 12 CD 7960 5090 2 . . . 7960 5091 1 Compare compare VB 7960 5091 2 the the DT 7960 5091 3 extent extent NN 7960 5091 4 of of IN 7960 5091 5 the the DT 7960 5091 6 Roman Roman NNP 7960 5091 7 Empire Empire NNP 7960 5091 8 under under IN 7960 5091 9 Trajan Trajan NNP 7960 5091 10 with with IN 7960 5091 11 ( ( -LRB- 7960 5091 12 a a LS 7960 5091 13 ) ) -RRB- 7960 5091 14 the the DT 7960 5091 15 empire empire NN 7960 5091 16 of of IN 7960 5091 17 Alexander Alexander NNP 7960 5091 18 ; ; : 7960 5091 19 and and CC 7960 5091 20 ( ( -LRB- 7960 5091 21 b b LS 7960 5091 22 ) ) -RRB- 7960 5091 23 the the DT 7960 5091 24 empire empire NN 7960 5091 25 of of IN 7960 5091 26 Darius Darius NNP 7960 5091 27 . . . 7960 5092 1 13 13 CD 7960 5092 2 . . . 7960 5093 1 Give give VB 7960 5093 2 the the DT 7960 5093 3 Roman roman JJ 7960 5093 4 names name NNS 7960 5093 5 of of IN 7960 5093 6 Spain Spain NNP 7960 5093 7 , , , 7960 5093 8 Italy Italy NNP 7960 5093 9 , , , 7960 5093 10 Gaul Gaul NNP 7960 5093 11 , , , 7960 5093 12 Germany Germany NNP 7960 5093 13 , , , 7960 5093 14 Britain Britain NNP 7960 5093 15 , , , 7960 5093 16 Scotland Scotland NNP 7960 5093 17 , , , 7960 5093 18 and and CC 7960 5093 19 Ireland Ireland NNP 7960 5093 20 . . . 7960 5094 1 14 14 CD 7960 5094 2 . . . 7960 5095 1 Contrast contrast VB 7960 5095 2 the the DT 7960 5095 3 Roman roman JJ 7960 5095 4 armies army NNS 7960 5095 5 under under IN 7960 5095 6 the the DT 7960 5095 7 empire empire NN 7960 5095 8 with with IN 7960 5095 9 the the DT 7960 5095 10 standing stand VBG 7960 5095 11 armies army NNS 7960 5095 12 of of IN 7960 5095 13 modern modern JJ 7960 5095 14 Europe Europe NNP 7960 5095 15 . . . 7960 5096 1 15 15 CD 7960 5096 2 . . . 7960 5097 1 Trace trace NN 7960 5097 2 on on IN 7960 5097 3 the the DT 7960 5097 4 map map NN 7960 5097 5 , , , 7960 5097 6 page page NN 7960 5097 7 205 205 CD 7960 5097 8 , , , 7960 5097 9 the the DT 7960 5097 10 Roman roman JJ 7960 5097 11 roads road NNS 7960 5097 12 in in IN 7960 5097 13 Britain Britain NNP 7960 5097 14 . . . 7960 5098 1 16 16 CD 7960 5098 2 . . . 7960 5099 1 " " `` 7960 5099 2 To to IN 7960 5099 3 the the DT 7960 5099 4 Roman roman JJ 7960 5099 5 city city NN 7960 5099 6 the the DT 7960 5099 7 empire empire NN 7960 5099 8 was be VBD 7960 5099 9 political political JJ 7960 5099 10 death death NN 7960 5099 11 ; ; : 7960 5099 12 to to IN 7960 5099 13 the the DT 7960 5099 14 provinces province NNS 7960 5099 15 it -PRON- PRP 7960 5099 16 was be VBD 7960 5099 17 the the DT 7960 5099 18 beginning beginning NN 7960 5099 19 of of IN 7960 5099 20 new new JJ 7960 5099 21 life life NN 7960 5099 22 . . . 7960 5099 23 " " '' 7960 5100 1 Comment comment NN 7960 5100 2 on on IN 7960 5100 3 this this DT 7960 5100 4 statement statement NN 7960 5100 5 . . . 7960 5101 1 17 17 CD 7960 5101 2 . . . 7960 5102 1 Why why WRB 7960 5102 2 should should MD 7960 5102 3 Rome Rome NNP 7960 5102 4 have have VBP 7960 5102 5 made make VBN 7960 5102 6 a a DT 7960 5102 7 greater great JJR 7960 5102 8 success success NN 7960 5102 9 of of IN 7960 5102 10 her -PRON- PRP$ 7960 5102 11 imperial imperial JJ 7960 5102 12 policy policy NN 7960 5102 13 than than IN 7960 5102 14 either either DT 7960 5102 15 Athens Athens NNP 7960 5102 16 or or CC 7960 5102 17 Sparta Sparta NNP 7960 5102 18 ? ? . 7960 5103 1 18 18 CD 7960 5103 2 . . . 7960 5104 1 Compare compare VB 7960 5104 2 Roman roman JJ 7960 5104 3 liberality liberality NN 7960 5104 4 in in IN 7960 5104 5 extending extend VBG 7960 5104 6 the the DT 7960 5104 7 franchise franchise NN 7960 5104 8 with with IN 7960 5104 9 the the DT 7960 5104 10 similar similar JJ 7960 5104 11 policy policy NN 7960 5104 12 displayed display VBN 7960 5104 13 by by IN 7960 5104 14 the the DT 7960 5104 15 United United NNP 7960 5104 16 States States NNP 7960 5104 17 . . . 7960 5105 1 19 19 CD 7960 5105 2 . . . 7960 5106 1 Compare compare VB 7960 5106 2 the the DT 7960 5106 3 freedom freedom NN 7960 5106 4 of of IN 7960 5106 5 trade trade NN 7960 5106 6 between between IN 7960 5106 7 the the DT 7960 5106 8 provinces province NNS 7960 5106 9 of of IN 7960 5106 10 the the DT 7960 5106 11 Roman Roman NNP 7960 5106 12 Empire Empire NNP 7960 5106 13 with with IN 7960 5106 14 that that DT 7960 5106 15 between between IN 7960 5106 16 the the DT 7960 5106 17 states state NNS 7960 5106 18 of of IN 7960 5106 19 the the DT 7960 5106 20 American American NNP 7960 5106 21 Union Union NNP 7960 5106 22 . . . 7960 5107 1 20 20 CD 7960 5107 2 . . . 7960 5108 1 On on IN 7960 5108 2 the the DT 7960 5108 3 map map NN 7960 5108 4 , , , 7960 5108 5 page page NN 7960 5108 6 48 48 CD 7960 5108 7 , , , 7960 5108 8 trace trace VB 7960 5108 9 the the DT 7960 5108 10 trade trade NN 7960 5108 11 routes route NNS 7960 5108 12 during during IN 7960 5108 13 imperial imperial JJ 7960 5108 14 times time NNS 7960 5108 15 . . . 7960 5109 1 21 21 CD 7960 5109 2 . . . 7960 5110 1 Compare compare VB 7960 5110 2 as as IN 7960 5110 3 civilizing civilize VBG 7960 5110 4 forces force NNS 7960 5110 5 the the DT 7960 5110 6 Roman Roman NNP 7960 5110 7 and and CC 7960 5110 8 the the DT 7960 5110 9 Persian persian JJ 7960 5110 10 empires empire VBZ 7960 5110 11 . . . 7960 5111 1 22 22 CD 7960 5111 2 . . . 7960 5112 1 What what WP 7960 5112 2 was be VBD 7960 5112 3 the the DT 7960 5112 4 _ _ NNP 7960 5112 5 Pax Pax NNP 7960 5112 6 Romana Romana NNP 7960 5112 7 _ _ NNP 7960 5112 8 ? ? . 7960 5113 1 What what WP 7960 5113 2 is be VBZ 7960 5113 3 the the DT 7960 5113 4 _ _ NNP 7960 5113 5 Pax Pax NNP 7960 5113 6 Britannica Britannica NNP 7960 5113 7 _ _ NNP 7960 5113 8 ? ? . 7960 5114 1 23 23 CD 7960 5114 2 . . . 7960 5115 1 Compare compare VB 7960 5115 2 the the DT 7960 5115 3 Romanization romanization NN 7960 5115 4 of of IN 7960 5115 5 the the DT 7960 5115 6 ancient ancient JJ 7960 5115 7 world world NN 7960 5115 8 with with IN 7960 5115 9 that that DT 7960 5115 10 process process NN 7960 5115 11 of of IN 7960 5115 12 Americanization americanization NN 7960 5115 13 which which WDT 7960 5115 14 is be VBZ 7960 5115 15 going go VBG 7960 5115 16 on on RP 7960 5115 17 in in IN 7960 5115 18 the the DT 7960 5115 19 United United NNP 7960 5115 20 States States NNP 7960 5115 21 to to IN 7960 5115 22 - - HYPH 7960 5115 23 day day NN 7960 5115 24 . . . 7960 5116 1 24 24 CD 7960 5116 2 . . . 7960 5117 1 Explain explain VB 7960 5117 2 this this DT 7960 5117 3 statement statement NN 7960 5117 4 : : : 7960 5117 5 " " `` 7960 5117 6 The the DT 7960 5117 7 Roman Roman NNP 7960 5117 8 Empire Empire NNP 7960 5117 9 is be VBZ 7960 5117 10 the the DT 7960 5117 11 lake lake NN 7960 5117 12 in in IN 7960 5117 13 which which WDT 7960 5117 14 all all PDT 7960 5117 15 the the DT 7960 5117 16 streams stream NNS 7960 5117 17 of of IN 7960 5117 18 ancient ancient JJ 7960 5117 19 history history NN 7960 5117 20 lose lose VBP 7960 5117 21 themselves -PRON- PRP 7960 5117 22 and and CC 7960 5117 23 which which WDT 7960 5117 24 all all PDT 7960 5117 25 the the DT 7960 5117 26 streams stream NNS 7960 5117 27 of of IN 7960 5117 28 modern modern JJ 7960 5117 29 history history NN 7960 5117 30 flow flow VB 7960 5117 31 out out IN 7960 5117 32 of of IN 7960 5117 33 . . . 7960 5117 34 " " '' 7960 5118 1 25 25 CD 7960 5118 2 . . . 7960 5119 1 " " `` 7960 5119 2 Republican Republican NNP 7960 5119 3 Rome Rome NNP 7960 5119 4 had have VBD 7960 5119 5 little little JJ 7960 5119 6 to to TO 7960 5119 7 do do VB 7960 5119 8 , , , 7960 5119 9 either either CC 7960 5119 10 by by IN 7960 5119 11 precept precept NN 7960 5119 12 or or CC 7960 5119 13 example example NN 7960 5119 14 , , , 7960 5119 15 with with IN 7960 5119 16 the the DT 7960 5119 17 modern modern JJ 7960 5119 18 life life NN 7960 5119 19 of of IN 7960 5119 20 Europe Europe NNP 7960 5119 21 , , , 7960 5119 22 Imperial Imperial NNP 7960 5119 23 Rome Rome NNP 7960 5119 24 everything everything NN 7960 5119 25 . . . 7960 5119 26 " " '' 7960 5120 1 Can Can MD 7960 5120 2 you -PRON- PRP 7960 5120 3 justify justify VB 7960 5120 4 this this DT 7960 5120 5 statement statement NN 7960 5120 6 ? ? . 7960 5121 1 FOOTNOTES FOOTNOTES NNP 7960 5121 2 [ [ -LRB- 7960 5121 3 1 1 CD 7960 5121 4 ] ] -RRB- 7960 5121 5 Webster Webster NNP 7960 5121 6 , , , 7960 5121 7 _ _ NNP 7960 5121 8 Readings Readings NNP 7960 5121 9 in in IN 7960 5121 10 Ancient Ancient NNP 7960 5121 11 History History NNP 7960 5121 12 _ _ NNP 7960 5121 13 , , , 7960 5121 14 chapter chapter NN 7960 5121 15 xix xix NN 7960 5121 16 , , , 7960 5121 17 " " `` 7960 5121 18 The the DT 7960 5121 19 Makers maker NNS 7960 5121 20 of of IN 7960 5121 21 Imperial Imperial NNP 7960 5121 22 Rome Rome NNP 7960 5121 23 : : : 7960 5121 24 Character Character NNP 7960 5121 25 Sketches Sketches NNP 7960 5121 26 by by IN 7960 5121 27 Suetonius Suetonius NNP 7960 5121 28 " " '' 7960 5121 29 ; ; : 7960 5121 30 chapter chapter NN 7960 5121 31 xx xx NNP 7960 5121 32 , , , 7960 5121 33 " " `` 7960 5121 34 Nero Nero NNP 7960 5121 35 , , , 7960 5121 36 a a DT 7960 5121 37 Roman Roman NNP 7960 5121 38 Emperor Emperor NNP 7960 5121 39 . . . 7960 5121 40 " " '' 7960 5122 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 5122 2 2 2 LS 7960 5122 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 5122 4 Hence hence RB 7960 5122 5 our -PRON- PRP$ 7960 5122 6 word word NN 7960 5122 7 " " `` 7960 5122 8 prince prince NN 7960 5122 9 " " '' 7960 5122 10 . . . 7960 5123 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 5123 2 3 3 LS 7960 5123 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 5123 4 See see VB 7960 5123 5 page page NN 7960 5123 6 184 184 CD 7960 5123 7 . . . 7960 5124 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 5124 2 4 4 LS 7960 5124 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 5124 4 The the DT 7960 5124 5 provinces province NNS 7960 5124 6 of of IN 7960 5124 7 Pannonia Pannonia NNP 7960 5124 8 , , , 7960 5124 9 Noricum Noricum NNP 7960 5124 10 , , , 7960 5124 11 and and CC 7960 5124 12 Raetia Raetia NNP 7960 5124 13 . . . 7960 5125 1 See see VB 7960 5125 2 the the DT 7960 5125 3 map map NN 7960 5125 4 facing face VBG 7960 5125 5 page page NN 7960 5125 6 184 184 CD 7960 5125 7 . . . 7960 5126 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 5126 2 5 5 LS 7960 5126 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 5126 4 See see VB 7960 5126 5 page page NN 7960 5126 6 187 187 CD 7960 5126 7 . . . 7960 5127 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 5127 2 6 6 CD 7960 5127 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 5127 4 For for IN 7960 5127 5 a a DT 7960 5127 6 description description NN 7960 5127 7 of of IN 7960 5127 8 ancient ancient JJ 7960 5127 9 Rome Rome NNP 7960 5127 10 see see VBP 7960 5127 11 pages page NNS 7960 5127 12 292 292 CD 7960 5127 13 - - SYM 7960 5127 14 296 296 CD 7960 5127 15 . . . 7960 5128 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 5128 2 7 7 CD 7960 5128 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 5128 4 Jesus Jesus NNP 7960 5128 5 was be VBD 7960 5128 6 born bear VBN 7960 5128 7 probably probably RB 7960 5128 8 in in IN 7960 5128 9 4 4 CD 7960 5128 10 B.C. B.C. NNP 7960 5128 11 , , , 7960 5128 12 the the DT 7960 5128 13 last last JJ 7960 5128 14 year year NN 7960 5128 15 of of IN 7960 5128 16 the the DT 7960 5128 17 reign reign NN 7960 5128 18 of of IN 7960 5128 19 Herod Herod NNP 7960 5128 20 , , , 7960 5128 21 whom whom WP 7960 5128 22 the the DT 7960 5128 23 triumvirs triumvirs NN 7960 5128 24 , , , 7960 5128 25 Antony Antony NNP 7960 5128 26 and and CC 7960 5128 27 Octavian Octavian NNP 7960 5128 28 , , , 7960 5128 29 had have VBD 7960 5128 30 placed place VBN 7960 5128 31 on on IN 7960 5128 32 the the DT 7960 5128 33 throne throne NN 7960 5128 34 of of IN 7960 5128 35 Judea Judea NNP 7960 5128 36 in in IN 7960 5128 37 37 37 CD 7960 5128 38 B.C. B.C. NNP 7960 5129 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 5129 2 8 8 LS 7960 5129 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 5129 4 A a DT 7960 5129 5 Roman roman JJ 7960 5129 6 emperor emperor NN 7960 5129 7 was be VBD 7960 5129 8 generally generally RB 7960 5129 9 called call VBN 7960 5129 10 " " `` 7960 5129 11 Caesar Caesar NNP 7960 5129 12 " " '' 7960 5129 13 by by IN 7960 5129 14 the the DT 7960 5129 15 provincials provincial NNS 7960 5129 16 . . . 7960 5130 1 See see VB 7960 5130 2 , , , 7960 5130 3 for for IN 7960 5130 4 example example NN 7960 5130 5 , , , 7960 5130 6 _ _ NNP 7960 5130 7 Matthew Matthew NNP 7960 5130 8 _ _ NNP 7960 5130 9 , , , 7960 5130 10 xxii xxii NNP 7960 5130 11 , , , 7960 5130 12 17 17 CD 7960 5130 13 - - SYM 7960 5130 14 21 21 CD 7960 5130 15 , , , 7960 5130 16 or or CC 7960 5130 17 _ _ NNP 7960 5130 18 Acts Acts NNPS 7960 5130 19 _ _ NNP 7960 5130 20 , , , 7960 5130 21 xxv xxv NNP 7960 5130 22 , , , 7960 5130 23 10 10 CD 7960 5130 24 - - SYM 7960 5130 25 12 12 CD 7960 5130 26 . . . 7960 5131 1 This this DT 7960 5131 2 title title NN 7960 5131 3 survives survive VBZ 7960 5131 4 in in IN 7960 5131 5 the the DT 7960 5131 6 German german JJ 7960 5131 7 _ _ NNP 7960 5131 8 Kaiser Kaiser NNP 7960 5131 9 _ _ NNP 7960 5131 10 and and CC 7960 5131 11 perhaps perhaps RB 7960 5131 12 in in IN 7960 5131 13 the the DT 7960 5131 14 Russian Russian NNP 7960 5131 15 _ _ NNP 7960 5131 16 Tsar Tsar NNP 7960 5131 17 _ _ NNP 7960 5131 18 or or CC 7960 5131 19 _ _ NNP 7960 5131 20 Czar Czar NNP 7960 5131 21 _ _ NNP 7960 5131 22 . . . 7960 5132 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 5132 2 9 9 CD 7960 5132 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 5132 4 In in IN 7960 5132 5 131 131 CD 7960 5132 6 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 5132 7 , , , 7960 5132 8 during during IN 7960 5132 9 the the DT 7960 5132 10 reign reign NN 7960 5132 11 of of IN 7960 5132 12 the the DT 7960 5132 13 emperor emperor NN 7960 5132 14 Hadrian Hadrian NNP 7960 5132 15 , , , 7960 5132 16 the the DT 7960 5132 17 Jews Jews NNPS 7960 5132 18 once once RB 7960 5132 19 more more RBR 7960 5132 20 broke break VBD 7960 5132 21 out out RP 7960 5132 22 in in IN 7960 5132 23 revolt revolt NN 7960 5132 24 . . . 7960 5133 1 Jerusalem Jerusalem NNP 7960 5133 2 , , , 7960 5133 3 which which WDT 7960 5133 4 had have VBD 7960 5133 5 risen rise VBN 7960 5133 6 from from IN 7960 5133 7 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 5133 8 ruins ruin NNS 7960 5133 9 , , , 7960 5133 10 was be VBD 7960 5133 11 again again RB 7960 5133 12 destroyed destroy VBN 7960 5133 13 by by IN 7960 5133 14 the the DT 7960 5133 15 Romans Romans NNPS 7960 5133 16 , , , 7960 5133 17 and and CC 7960 5133 18 the the DT 7960 5133 19 plow plow NN 7960 5133 20 was be VBD 7960 5133 21 passed pass VBN 7960 5133 22 over over IN 7960 5133 23 the the DT 7960 5133 24 foundations foundation NNS 7960 5133 25 of of IN 7960 5133 26 the the DT 7960 5133 27 Temple Temple NNP 7960 5133 28 . . . 7960 5134 1 From from IN 7960 5134 2 Roman roman JJ 7960 5134 3 times time NNS 7960 5134 4 to to IN 7960 5134 5 the the DT 7960 5134 6 present present NN 7960 5134 7 the the DT 7960 5134 8 Jews Jews NNPS 7960 5134 9 have have VBP 7960 5134 10 been be VBN 7960 5134 11 a a DT 7960 5134 12 people people NNS 7960 5134 13 without without IN 7960 5134 14 a a DT 7960 5134 15 country country NN 7960 5134 16 . . . 7960 5135 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 5135 2 10 10 CD 7960 5135 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 5135 4 See See NNP 7960 5135 5 Bulwer Bulwer NNP 7960 5135 6 - - HYPH 7960 5135 7 Lytton Lytton NNP 7960 5135 8 's 's POS 7960 5135 9 novel novel NN 7960 5135 10 , , , 7960 5135 11 _ _ NNP 7960 5135 12 The the DT 7960 5135 13 Last last JJ 7960 5135 14 Days day NNS 7960 5135 15 of of IN 7960 5135 16 Pompeii Pompeii NNP 7960 5135 17 _ _ NNP 7960 5135 18 . . . 7960 5136 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 5136 2 11 11 CD 7960 5136 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 5136 4 See see VB 7960 5136 5 the the DT 7960 5136 6 map map NN 7960 5136 7 on on IN 7960 5136 8 page page NN 7960 5136 9 205 205 CD 7960 5136 10 for for IN 7960 5136 11 the the DT 7960 5136 12 system system NN 7960 5136 13 of of IN 7960 5136 14 Roman roman JJ 7960 5136 15 roads road NNS 7960 5136 16 in in IN 7960 5136 17 Britain Britain NNP 7960 5136 18 . . . 7960 5137 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 5137 2 12 12 CD 7960 5137 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 5137 4 See see VB 7960 5137 5 page page NN 7960 5137 6 200 200 CD 7960 5137 7 . . . 7960 5138 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 5138 2 13 13 CD 7960 5138 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 5138 4 Pliny Pliny NNP 7960 5138 5 , , , 7960 5138 6 _ _ NNP 7960 5138 7 Natural Natural NNP 7960 5138 8 History History NNP 7960 5138 9 _ _ NNP 7960 5138 10 , , , 7960 5138 11 xxvii xxvii NN 7960 5138 12 , , , 7960 5138 13 1 1 CD 7960 5138 14 . . . 7960 5139 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 5139 2 14 14 CD 7960 5139 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 5139 4 See see VB 7960 5139 5 page page NN 7960 5139 6 179 179 CD 7960 5139 7 . . . 7960 5140 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 5140 2 15 15 CD 7960 5140 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 5140 4 See see VB 7960 5140 5 page page NN 7960 5140 6 187 187 CD 7960 5140 7 . . . 7960 5141 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 5141 2 16 16 CD 7960 5141 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 5141 4 See see VB 7960 5141 5 _ _ NNP 7960 5141 6 Acts Acts NNPS 7960 5141 7 _ _ NNP 7960 5141 8 , , , 7960 5141 9 XXV XXV NNP 7960 5141 10 , , , 7960 5141 11 9 9 CD 7960 5141 12 - - SYM 7960 5141 13 12 12 CD 7960 5141 14 . . . 7960 5142 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 5142 2 17 17 CD 7960 5142 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 5142 4 See see VB 7960 5142 5 page page NN 7960 5142 6 151 151 CD 7960 5142 7 . . . 7960 5143 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 5143 2 18 18 CD 7960 5143 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 5143 4 _ _ NNP 7960 5143 5 Institutes Institutes NNP 7960 5143 6 _ _ NNP 7960 5143 7 , , , 7960 5143 8 bk bk NNP 7960 5143 9 . . . 7960 5144 1 i i PRP 7960 5144 2 , , , 7960 5144 3 tit tit NN 7960 5144 4 . . . 7960 5145 1 i. i. NNP 7960 5146 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 5146 2 19 19 CD 7960 5146 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 5146 4 See see VB 7960 5146 5 page page NN 7960 5146 6 331 331 CD 7960 5146 7 . . . 7960 5147 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 5147 2 20 20 CD 7960 5147 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 5147 4 See see VB 7960 5147 5 page page NN 7960 5147 6 127 127 CD 7960 5147 7 . . . 7960 5148 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 5148 2 21 21 CD 7960 5148 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 5148 4 Several several JJ 7960 5148 5 English english JJ 7960 5148 6 cities city NNS 7960 5148 7 , , , 7960 5148 8 such such JJ 7960 5148 9 as as IN 7960 5148 10 Lancaster Lancaster NNP 7960 5148 11 , , , 7960 5148 12 Leicester Leicester NNP 7960 5148 13 , , , 7960 5148 14 Manchester Manchester NNP 7960 5148 15 , , , 7960 5148 16 and and CC 7960 5148 17 Chester Chester NNP 7960 5148 18 , , , 7960 5148 19 betray betray VBP 7960 5148 20 in in IN 7960 5148 21 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 5148 22 names name NNS 7960 5148 23 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 5148 24 origin origin NN 7960 5148 25 in in IN 7960 5148 26 the the DT 7960 5148 27 Roman roman JJ 7960 5148 28 castra castra NN 7960 5148 29 , , , 7960 5148 30 or or CC 7960 5148 31 camp camp NN 7960 5148 32 . . . 7960 5149 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 5149 2 22 22 CD 7960 5149 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 5149 4 See see VB 7960 5149 5 page page NN 7960 5149 6 149 149 CD 7960 5149 7 . . . 7960 5150 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 5150 2 23 23 CD 7960 5150 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 5150 4 For for IN 7960 5150 5 illustrations illustration NNS 7960 5150 6 of of IN 7960 5150 7 Roman roman JJ 7960 5150 8 coins coin NNS 7960 5150 9 see see VBP 7960 5150 10 the the DT 7960 5150 11 plate plate NN 7960 5150 12 facing face VBG 7960 5150 13 page page NN 7960 5150 14 134 134 CD 7960 5150 15 . . . 7960 5151 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 5151 2 24 24 CD 7960 5151 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 5151 4 See see VB 7960 5151 5 the the DT 7960 5151 6 map map NN 7960 5151 7 on on IN 7960 5151 8 page page NN 7960 5151 9 48 48 CD 7960 5151 10 . . . 7960 5152 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 5152 2 25 25 CD 7960 5152 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 5152 4 See see VB 7960 5152 5 page page NN 7960 5152 6 107 107 CD 7960 5152 7 . . . 7960 5153 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 5153 2 26 26 CD 7960 5153 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 5153 4 Latin Latin NNP 7960 5153 5 _ _ NNP 7960 5153 6 collegia collegia NN 7960 5153 7 _ _ NNP 7960 5153 8 , , , 7960 5153 9 whence whence NN 7960 5153 10 our -PRON- PRP$ 7960 5153 11 " " `` 7960 5153 12 college college NN 7960 5153 13 . . . 7960 5153 14 " " '' 7960 5154 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 5154 2 27 27 CD 7960 5154 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 5154 4 See see VB 7960 5154 5 pages page NNS 7960 5154 6 263 263 CD 7960 5154 7 and and CC 7960 5154 8 285 285 CD 7960 5154 9 . . . 7960 5155 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 5155 2 28 28 CD 7960 5155 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 5155 4 See see VB 7960 5155 5 page page NN 7960 5155 6 183 183 CD 7960 5155 7 . . . 7960 5156 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 5156 2 29 29 CD 7960 5156 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 5156 4 See see VB 7960 5156 5 page page NN 7960 5156 6 267 267 CD 7960 5156 7 . . . 7960 5157 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 5157 2 30 30 CD 7960 5157 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 5157 4 Seneca Seneca NNP 7960 5157 5 , , , 7960 5157 6 _ _ NNP 7960 5157 7 Minor Minor NNP 7960 5157 8 Dialogues Dialogues NNPS 7960 5157 9 _ _ NNP 7960 5157 10 , , , 7960 5157 11 XI XI NNP 7960 5157 12 , , , 7960 5157 13 7 7 CD 7960 5157 14 . . . 7960 5158 1 CHAPTER chapter NN 7960 5158 2 X X NNP 7960 5158 3 THE the DT 7960 5158 4 LATER later JJ 7960 5158 5 EMPIRE empire NN 7960 5158 6 : : : 7960 5158 7 CHRISTIANITY CHRISTIANITY NNP 7960 5158 8 IN in IN 7960 5158 9 THE the DT 7960 5158 10 ROMAN ROMAN NNP 7960 5158 11 WORLD world NN 7960 5158 12 , , , 7960 5158 13 180 180 CD 7960 5158 14 - - SYM 7960 5158 15 395 395 CD 7960 5158 16 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 5158 17 74 74 CD 7960 5158 18 . . . 7960 5159 1 THE the DT 7960 5159 2 " " `` 7960 5159 3 SOLDIER SOLDIER NNP 7960 5159 4 EMPERORS EMPERORS NNP 7960 5159 5 , , , 7960 5159 6 " " '' 7960 5159 7 180 180 CD 7960 5159 8 - - HYPH 7960 5159 9 284 284 CD 7960 5159 10 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 5160 1 THE the DT 7960 5160 2 LATER LATER NNP 7960 5160 3 EMPIRE EMPIRE NNP 7960 5160 4 , , , 7960 5160 5 180 180 CD 7960 5160 6 - - SYM 7960 5160 7 395 395 CD 7960 5160 8 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 5161 1 The the DT 7960 5161 2 period period NN 7960 5161 3 called call VBD 7960 5161 4 the the DT 7960 5161 5 Later Later NNP 7960 5161 6 Empire Empire NNP 7960 5161 7 covers cover VBZ 7960 5161 8 the the DT 7960 5161 9 two two CD 7960 5161 10 hundred hundred CD 7960 5161 11 and and CC 7960 5161 12 fifteen fifteen CD 7960 5161 13 years year NNS 7960 5161 14 from from IN 7960 5161 15 the the DT 7960 5161 16 accession accession NN 7960 5161 17 of of IN 7960 5161 18 Commodus Commodus NNP 7960 5161 19 to to IN 7960 5161 20 the the DT 7960 5161 21 final final JJ 7960 5161 22 division division NN 7960 5161 23 of of IN 7960 5161 24 the the DT 7960 5161 25 Roman roman JJ 7960 5161 26 world world NN 7960 5161 27 at at IN 7960 5161 28 the the DT 7960 5161 29 death death NN 7960 5161 30 of of IN 7960 5161 31 Theodosius Theodosius NNP 7960 5161 32 . . . 7960 5162 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 5162 2 formed form VBD 7960 5162 3 , , , 7960 5162 4 in in IN 7960 5162 5 general general JJ 7960 5162 6 , , , 7960 5162 7 a a DT 7960 5162 8 period period NN 7960 5162 9 of of IN 7960 5162 10 decline decline NN 7960 5162 11 . . . 7960 5163 1 The the DT 7960 5163 2 very very JJ 7960 5163 3 existence existence NN 7960 5163 4 of of IN 7960 5163 5 the the DT 7960 5163 6 empire empire NN 7960 5163 7 was be VBD 7960 5163 8 threatened threaten VBN 7960 5163 9 , , , 7960 5163 10 both both CC 7960 5163 11 from from IN 7960 5163 12 within within IN 7960 5163 13 and and CC 7960 5163 14 from from IN 7960 5163 15 without without IN 7960 5163 16 . . . 7960 5164 1 The the DT 7960 5164 2 armies army NNS 7960 5164 3 on on IN 7960 5164 4 the the DT 7960 5164 5 frontiers frontier NNS 7960 5164 6 often often RB 7960 5164 7 set set VBP 7960 5164 8 up up RP 7960 5164 9 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 5164 10 favorite favorite JJ 7960 5164 11 leaders leader NNS 7960 5164 12 as as IN 7960 5164 13 contestants contestant NNS 7960 5164 14 for for IN 7960 5164 15 the the DT 7960 5164 16 throne throne NN 7960 5164 17 , , , 7960 5164 18 thus thus RB 7960 5164 19 provoking provoke VBG 7960 5164 20 civil civil JJ 7960 5164 21 war war NN 7960 5164 22 . . . 7960 5165 1 Ambitious ambitious JJ 7960 5165 2 governors governor NNS 7960 5165 3 of of IN 7960 5165 4 distant distant JJ 7960 5165 5 provinces province NNS 7960 5165 6 sometimes sometimes RB 7960 5165 7 revolted revolt VBN 7960 5165 8 against against IN 7960 5165 9 a a DT 7960 5165 10 weak weak JJ 7960 5165 11 or or CC 7960 5165 12 unpopular unpopular JJ 7960 5165 13 emperor emperor NN 7960 5165 14 and and CC 7960 5165 15 tried try VBD 7960 5165 16 to to TO 7960 5165 17 establish establish VB 7960 5165 18 independent independent JJ 7960 5165 19 states state NNS 7960 5165 20 . . . 7960 5166 1 The the DT 7960 5166 2 Germans Germans NNPS 7960 5166 3 took take VBD 7960 5166 4 advantage advantage NN 7960 5166 5 of of IN 7960 5166 6 the the DT 7960 5166 7 unsettled unsettled JJ 7960 5166 8 condition condition NN 7960 5166 9 of of IN 7960 5166 10 affairs affair NNS 7960 5166 11 to to TO 7960 5166 12 make make VB 7960 5166 13 constant constant JJ 7960 5166 14 inroads inroad NNS 7960 5166 15 . . . 7960 5167 1 About about IN 7960 5167 2 the the DT 7960 5167 3 middle middle NN 7960 5167 4 of of IN 7960 5167 5 the the DT 7960 5167 6 third third JJ 7960 5167 7 century century NN 7960 5167 8 it -PRON- PRP 7960 5167 9 became become VBD 7960 5167 10 necessary necessary JJ 7960 5167 11 to to TO 7960 5167 12 surrender surrender VB 7960 5167 13 to to IN 7960 5167 14 them -PRON- PRP 7960 5167 15 the the DT 7960 5167 16 great great JJ 7960 5167 17 province province NN 7960 5167 18 of of IN 7960 5167 19 Dacia Dacia NNP 7960 5167 20 , , , 7960 5167 21 which which WDT 7960 5167 22 Trajan Trajan NNP 7960 5167 23 had have VBD 7960 5167 24 won win VBN 7960 5167 25 . . . 7960 5168 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 5168 2 1 1 LS 7960 5168 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 5168 4 A a DT 7960 5168 5 serious serious JJ 7960 5168 6 danger danger NN 7960 5168 7 also also RB 7960 5168 8 appeared appear VBD 7960 5168 9 in in IN 7960 5168 10 the the DT 7960 5168 11 distant distant JJ 7960 5168 12 East East NNP 7960 5168 13 . . . 7960 5169 1 Here here RB 7960 5169 2 the the DT 7960 5169 3 Persians Persians NNPS 7960 5169 4 , , , 7960 5169 5 having have VBG 7960 5169 6 overcome overcome VBN 7960 5169 7 the the DT 7960 5169 8 Parthians Parthians NNPS 7960 5169 9 , , , 7960 5169 10 [ [ -LRB- 7960 5169 11 2 2 CD 7960 5169 12 ] ] -RRB- 7960 5169 13 endeavored endeavor VBN 7960 5169 14 to to TO 7960 5169 15 recover recover VB 7960 5169 16 from from IN 7960 5169 17 Roman roman JJ 7960 5169 18 hands hand NNS 7960 5169 19 the the DT 7960 5169 20 Asiatic asiatic JJ 7960 5169 21 provinces province NNS 7960 5169 22 which which WDT 7960 5169 23 had have VBD 7960 5169 24 once once RB 7960 5169 25 belonged belong VBN 7960 5169 26 to to IN 7960 5169 27 the the DT 7960 5169 28 old old JJ 7960 5169 29 Persian persian JJ 7960 5169 30 realm realm NN 7960 5169 31 . . . 7960 5170 1 Though though IN 7960 5170 2 the the DT 7960 5170 3 Persians Persians NNPS 7960 5170 4 failed fail VBD 7960 5170 5 to to TO 7960 5170 6 make make VB 7960 5170 7 any any DT 7960 5170 8 permanent permanent JJ 7960 5170 9 conquest conquest NN 7960 5170 10 of of IN 7960 5170 11 Roman roman JJ 7960 5170 12 territory territory NN 7960 5170 13 , , , 7960 5170 14 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 5170 15 constant constant JJ 7960 5170 16 attacks attack NNS 7960 5170 17 weakened weaken VBD 7960 5170 18 the the DT 7960 5170 19 empire empire NN 7960 5170 20 at at IN 7960 5170 21 the the DT 7960 5170 22 very very JJ 7960 5170 23 time time NN 7960 5170 24 when when WRB 7960 5170 25 the the DT 7960 5170 26 northern northern JJ 7960 5170 27 barbarians barbarian NNS 7960 5170 28 had have VBD 7960 5170 29 again again RB 7960 5170 30 become become VBN 7960 5170 31 a a DT 7960 5170 32 menace menace NN 7960 5170 33 . . . 7960 5171 1 " " `` 7960 5171 2 IMPERIAL IMPERIAL NNP 7960 5171 3 PHANTOMS PHANTOMS NNP 7960 5171 4 " " '' 7960 5171 5 The the DT 7960 5171 6 rulers ruler NNS 7960 5171 7 who who WP 7960 5171 8 occupied occupy VBD 7960 5171 9 the the DT 7960 5171 10 throne throne NN 7960 5171 11 during during IN 7960 5171 12 the the DT 7960 5171 13 first first JJ 7960 5171 14 half half NN 7960 5171 15 of of IN 7960 5171 16 this this DT 7960 5171 17 troubled troubled JJ 7960 5171 18 period period NN 7960 5171 19 are be VBP 7960 5171 20 commonly commonly RB 7960 5171 21 known know VBN 7960 5171 22 as as IN 7960 5171 23 the the DT 7960 5171 24 " " `` 7960 5171 25 Soldier Soldier NNP 7960 5171 26 Emperors Emperors NNP 7960 5171 27 , , , 7960 5171 28 " " '' 7960 5171 29 because because IN 7960 5171 30 so so RB 7960 5171 31 many many JJ 7960 5171 32 of of IN 7960 5171 33 them -PRON- PRP 7960 5171 34 owed owe VBD 7960 5171 35 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 5171 36 position position NN 7960 5171 37 to to IN 7960 5171 38 the the DT 7960 5171 39 swords sword NNS 7960 5171 40 of of IN 7960 5171 41 the the DT 7960 5171 42 legionaries legionary NNS 7960 5171 43 . . . 7960 5172 1 Emperor emperor NN 7960 5172 2 after after IN 7960 5172 3 emperor emperor NN 7960 5172 4 followed follow VBD 7960 5172 5 in in IN 7960 5172 6 quick quick JJ 7960 5172 7 succession succession NN 7960 5172 8 , , , 7960 5172 9 to to TO 7960 5172 10 enjoy enjoy VB 7960 5172 11 a a DT 7960 5172 12 brief brief JJ 7960 5172 13 reign reign NN 7960 5172 14 and and CC 7960 5172 15 then then RB 7960 5172 16 to to TO 7960 5172 17 perish perish VB 7960 5172 18 in in IN 7960 5172 19 some some DT 7960 5172 20 sudden sudden JJ 7960 5172 21 insurrection insurrection NN 7960 5172 22 . . . 7960 5173 1 Within within IN 7960 5173 2 a a DT 7960 5173 3 single single JJ 7960 5173 4 year year NN 7960 5173 5 ( ( -LRB- 7960 5173 6 237 237 CD 7960 5173 7 - - SYM 7960 5173 8 238 238 CD 7960 5173 9 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 5173 10 ) ) -RRB- 7960 5173 11 six six CD 7960 5173 12 rulers ruler NNS 7960 5173 13 were be VBD 7960 5173 14 chosen choose VBN 7960 5173 15 , , , 7960 5173 16 worshiped worship VBN 7960 5173 17 , , , 7960 5173 18 and and CC 7960 5173 19 then then RB 7960 5173 20 murdered murder VBN 7960 5173 21 by by IN 7960 5173 22 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 5173 23 troops troop NNS 7960 5173 24 " " `` 7960 5173 25 You -PRON- PRP 7960 5173 26 little little JJ 7960 5173 27 know know VBP 7960 5173 28 , , , 7960 5173 29 " " '' 7960 5173 30 said say VBD 7960 5173 31 one one CD 7960 5173 32 of of IN 7960 5173 33 these these DT 7960 5173 34 imperial imperial JJ 7960 5173 35 phantoms phantom NNS 7960 5173 36 , , , 7960 5173 37 " " '' 7960 5173 38 what what WP 7960 5173 39 a a DT 7960 5173 40 poor poor JJ 7960 5173 41 thing thing NN 7960 5173 42 it -PRON- PRP 7960 5173 43 is be VBZ 7960 5173 44 to to TO 7960 5173 45 be be VB 7960 5173 46 an an DT 7960 5173 47 emperor emperor NN 7960 5173 48 . . . 7960 5173 49 " " '' 7960 5174 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 5174 2 3 3 LS 7960 5174 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 5174 4 POLITICAL POLITICAL NNP 7960 5174 5 SITUATION situation NN 7960 5174 6 IN in IN 7960 5174 7 284 284 CD 7960 5174 8 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 5175 1 The the DT 7960 5175 2 close close NN 7960 5175 3 of of IN 7960 5175 4 the the DT 7960 5175 5 third third JJ 7960 5175 6 century century NN 7960 5175 7 thus thus RB 7960 5175 8 found find VBD 7960 5175 9 the the DT 7960 5175 10 empire empire NN 7960 5175 11 engaged engage VBN 7960 5175 12 in in IN 7960 5175 13 a a DT 7960 5175 14 struggle struggle NN 7960 5175 15 for for IN 7960 5175 16 existence existence NN 7960 5175 17 . . . 7960 5176 1 No no DT 7960 5176 2 part part NN 7960 5176 3 of of IN 7960 5176 4 the the DT 7960 5176 5 Roman roman JJ 7960 5176 6 world world NN 7960 5176 7 had have VBD 7960 5176 8 escaped escape VBN 7960 5176 9 the the DT 7960 5176 10 ravages ravage NNS 7960 5176 11 of of IN 7960 5176 12 war war NN 7960 5176 13 . . . 7960 5177 1 The the DT 7960 5177 2 fortification fortification NN 7960 5177 3 of of IN 7960 5177 4 the the DT 7960 5177 5 capital capital NN 7960 5177 6 city city NN 7960 5177 7 by by IN 7960 5177 8 the the DT 7960 5177 9 emperor emperor NN 7960 5177 10 Aurelian Aurelian NNP 7960 5177 11 was be VBD 7960 5177 12 itself -PRON- PRP 7960 5177 13 a a DT 7960 5177 14 testimony testimony NN 7960 5177 15 to to IN 7960 5177 16 the the DT 7960 5177 17 altered altered JJ 7960 5177 18 condition condition NN 7960 5177 19 of of IN 7960 5177 20 affairs affair NNS 7960 5177 21 . . . 7960 5178 1 The the DT 7960 5178 2 situation situation NN 7960 5178 3 was be VBD 7960 5178 4 desperate desperate JJ 7960 5178 5 , , , 7960 5178 6 yet yet CC 7960 5178 7 not not RB 7960 5178 8 hopeless hopeless JJ 7960 5178 9 . . . 7960 5179 1 Under under IN 7960 5179 2 an an DT 7960 5179 3 able able JJ 7960 5179 4 ruler ruler NN 7960 5179 5 , , , 7960 5179 6 such such JJ 7960 5179 7 as as IN 7960 5179 8 Aurelian Aurelian NNP 7960 5179 9 , , , 7960 5179 10 Rome Rome NNP 7960 5179 11 proved prove VBD 7960 5179 12 to to TO 7960 5179 13 be be VB 7960 5179 14 still still RB 7960 5179 15 strong strong JJ 7960 5179 16 enough enough RB 7960 5179 17 to to TO 7960 5179 18 repel repel VB 7960 5179 19 her -PRON- PRP$ 7960 5179 20 foes foe NNS 7960 5179 21 . . . 7960 5180 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 5180 2 was be VBD 7960 5180 3 the the DT 7960 5180 4 work work NN 7960 5180 5 of of IN 7960 5180 6 the the DT 7960 5180 7 even even RB 7960 5180 8 more more RBR 7960 5180 9 capable capable JJ 7960 5180 10 Diocletian Diocletian NNP 7960 5180 11 to to TO 7960 5180 12 establish establish VB 7960 5180 13 the the DT 7960 5180 14 empire empire NN 7960 5180 15 on on IN 7960 5180 16 so so RB 7960 5180 17 solid solid JJ 7960 5180 18 a a DT 7960 5180 19 foundation foundation NN 7960 5180 20 that that WDT 7960 5180 21 it -PRON- PRP 7960 5180 22 endured endure VBD 7960 5180 23 with with IN 7960 5180 24 almost almost RB 7960 5180 25 undiminished undiminished JJ 7960 5180 26 strength strength NN 7960 5180 27 for for IN 7960 5180 28 another another DT 7960 5180 29 hundred hundred CD 7960 5180 30 years year NNS 7960 5180 31 . . . 7960 5181 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 5181 2 Illustration illustration NN 7960 5181 3 : : : 7960 5181 4 THE the DT 7960 5181 5 WALL WALL NNP 7960 5181 6 OF of IN 7960 5181 7 ROME ROME NNP 7960 5181 8 Constructed construct VBN 7960 5181 9 by by IN 7960 5181 10 Aurelian Aurelian NNP 7960 5181 11 and and CC 7960 5181 12 rebuilt rebuild VBN 7960 5181 13 by by IN 7960 5181 14 Honorius Honorius NNP 7960 5181 15 . . . 7960 5182 1 The the DT 7960 5182 2 material material NN 7960 5182 3 is be VBZ 7960 5182 4 concrete concrete JJ 7960 5182 5 faced face VBN 7960 5182 6 with with IN 7960 5182 7 brick brick NN 7960 5182 8 , , , 7960 5182 9 thickness thickness NN 7960 5182 10 13 13 CD 7960 5182 11 feet foot NNS 7960 5182 12 , , , 7960 5182 13 greatest great JJS 7960 5182 14 height height NN 7960 5182 15 58 58 CD 7960 5182 16 feet foot NNS 7960 5182 17 . . . 7960 5183 1 This this DT 7960 5183 2 is be VBZ 7960 5183 3 still still RB 7960 5183 4 the the DT 7960 5183 5 wall wall NN 7960 5183 6 of of IN 7960 5183 7 the the DT 7960 5183 8 modern modern JJ 7960 5183 9 city city NN 7960 5183 10 , , , 7960 5183 11 although although IN 7960 5183 12 at at IN 7960 5183 13 present present JJ 7960 5183 14 no no DT 7960 5183 15 effort effort NN 7960 5183 16 is be VBZ 7960 5183 17 made make VBN 7960 5183 18 to to TO 7960 5183 19 keep keep VB 7960 5183 20 it -PRON- PRP 7960 5183 21 in in IN 7960 5183 22 repair repair NN 7960 5183 23 . . . 7960 5183 24 ] ] -RRB- 7960 5184 1 75 75 CD 7960 5184 2 . . . 7960 5185 1 THE the DT 7960 5185 2 " " `` 7960 5185 3 ABSOLUTE ABSOLUTE NNP 7960 5185 4 EMPERORS EMPERORS NNP 7960 5185 5 , , , 7960 5185 6 " " '' 7960 5185 7 284 284 CD 7960 5185 8 - - HYPH 7960 5185 9 395 395 CD 7960 5185 10 A.D. a.d. NN 7960 5185 11 REIGN REIGN NNP 7960 5185 12 OF of IN 7960 5185 13 DIOCLETIAN DIOCLETIAN NNP 7960 5185 14 , , , 7960 5185 15 284 284 CD 7960 5185 16 - - SYM 7960 5185 17 305 305 CD 7960 5185 18 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 5185 19 Diocletian Diocletian NNP 7960 5185 20 , , , 7960 5185 21 whose whose WP$ 7960 5185 22 reign reign NN 7960 5185 23 is be VBZ 7960 5185 24 one one CD 7960 5185 25 of of IN 7960 5185 26 the the DT 7960 5185 27 most most RBS 7960 5185 28 illustrious illustrious JJ 7960 5185 29 in in IN 7960 5185 30 Roman roman JJ 7960 5185 31 history history NN 7960 5185 32 , , , 7960 5185 33 entered enter VBD 7960 5185 34 the the DT 7960 5185 35 army army NN 7960 5185 36 as as IN 7960 5185 37 a a DT 7960 5185 38 common common JJ 7960 5185 39 soldier soldier NN 7960 5185 40 , , , 7960 5185 41 rose rise VBD 7960 5185 42 to to IN 7960 5185 43 high high JJ 7960 5185 44 command command NN 7960 5185 45 , , , 7960 5185 46 and and CC 7960 5185 47 fought fight VBD 7960 5185 48 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 5185 49 way way NN 7960 5185 50 to to IN 7960 5185 51 the the DT 7960 5185 52 throne throne NN 7960 5185 53 . . . 7960 5186 1 A a DT 7960 5186 2 strong strong JJ 7960 5186 3 , , , 7960 5186 4 ambitious ambitious JJ 7960 5186 5 man man NN 7960 5186 6 , , , 7960 5186 7 Diocletian Diocletian NNP 7960 5186 8 resolutely resolutely RB 7960 5186 9 set set VBD 7960 5186 10 himself -PRON- PRP 7960 5186 11 to to IN 7960 5186 12 the the DT 7960 5186 13 task task NN 7960 5186 14 of of IN 7960 5186 15 remaking remake VBG 7960 5186 16 the the DT 7960 5186 17 Roman roman JJ 7960 5186 18 government government NN 7960 5186 19 . . . 7960 5187 1 His -PRON- PRP$ 7960 5187 2 success success NN 7960 5187 3 in in IN 7960 5187 4 this this DT 7960 5187 5 undertaking undertaking NN 7960 5187 6 entitles entitle VBZ 7960 5187 7 him -PRON- PRP 7960 5187 8 to to TO 7960 5187 9 rank rank VB 7960 5187 10 , , , 7960 5187 11 as as IN 7960 5187 12 a a DT 7960 5187 13 statesman statesman NN 7960 5187 14 and and CC 7960 5187 15 administrator administrator NN 7960 5187 16 , , , 7960 5187 17 with with IN 7960 5187 18 Augustus Augustus NNP 7960 5187 19 . . . 7960 5188 1 WEAKNESSES weakness NNS 7960 5188 2 IN in IN 7960 5188 3 THE the DT 7960 5188 4 IMPERIAL imperial NN 7960 5188 5 SYSTEM system VB 7960 5188 6 The the DT 7960 5188 7 reforms reform NNS 7960 5188 8 of of IN 7960 5188 9 Diocletian Diocletian NNP 7960 5188 10 were be VBD 7960 5188 11 meant mean VBN 7960 5188 12 to to TO 7960 5188 13 remedy remedy VB 7960 5188 14 those those DT 7960 5188 15 weaknesses weakness NNS 7960 5188 16 in in IN 7960 5188 17 the the DT 7960 5188 18 imperial imperial JJ 7960 5188 19 system system NN 7960 5188 20 disclosed disclose VBN 7960 5188 21 by by IN 7960 5188 22 the the DT 7960 5188 23 disasters disaster NNS 7960 5188 24 of of IN 7960 5188 25 the the DT 7960 5188 26 preceding precede VBG 7960 5188 27 century century NN 7960 5188 28 . . . 7960 5189 1 In in IN 7960 5189 2 the the DT 7960 5189 3 first first JJ 7960 5189 4 place place NN 7960 5189 5 , , , 7960 5189 6 experience experience NN 7960 5189 7 showed show VBD 7960 5189 8 that that IN 7960 5189 9 the the DT 7960 5189 10 empire empire NN 7960 5189 11 was be VBD 7960 5189 12 unwieldy unwieldy JJ 7960 5189 13 . . . 7960 5190 1 There there EX 7960 5190 2 were be VBD 7960 5190 3 the the DT 7960 5190 4 distant distant JJ 7960 5190 5 frontiers frontier NNS 7960 5190 6 on on IN 7960 5190 7 the the DT 7960 5190 8 Rhine Rhine NNP 7960 5190 9 , , , 7960 5190 10 Danube Danube NNP 7960 5190 11 , , , 7960 5190 12 and and CC 7960 5190 13 Euphrates Euphrates NNP 7960 5190 14 to to TO 7960 5190 15 be be VB 7960 5190 16 guarded guard VBN 7960 5190 17 ; ; : 7960 5190 18 there there EX 7960 5190 19 were be VBD 7960 5190 20 all all PDT 7960 5190 21 the the DT 7960 5190 22 provinces province NNS 7960 5190 23 to to TO 7960 5190 24 be be VB 7960 5190 25 governed govern VBN 7960 5190 26 . . . 7960 5191 1 A a DT 7960 5191 2 single single JJ 7960 5191 3 ruler ruler NN 7960 5191 4 , , , 7960 5191 5 however however WRB 7960 5191 6 able able JJ 7960 5191 7 and and CC 7960 5191 8 energetic energetic JJ 7960 5191 9 , , , 7960 5191 10 had have VBD 7960 5191 11 more 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legionaries legionary NNS 7960 5193 21 raised raise VBD 7960 5193 22 him -PRON- PRP 7960 5193 23 to to IN 7960 5193 24 the the DT 7960 5193 25 purple purple NN 7960 5193 26 . . . 7960 5194 1 Such such PDT 7960 5194 2 an an DT 7960 5194 3 unsettled unsettled JJ 7960 5194 4 state state NN 7960 5194 5 of of IN 7960 5194 6 affairs affair NNS 7960 5194 7 constantly constantly RB 7960 5194 8 invited invite VBD 7960 5194 9 those those DT 7960 5194 10 struggles struggle NNS 7960 5194 11 between between IN 7960 5194 12 rival rival JJ 7960 5194 13 pretenders pretender NNS 7960 5194 14 which which WDT 7960 5194 15 had have VBD 7960 5194 16 so so RB 7960 5194 17 nearly nearly RB 7960 5194 18 brought bring VBN 7960 5194 19 the the DT 7960 5194 20 empire empire NN 7960 5194 21 to to IN 7960 5194 22 destruction destruction NN 7960 5194 23 . . . 7960 5195 1 DIOCLETIAN DIOCLETIAN NNP 7960 5195 2 'S 'S NNP 7960 5195 3 REFORMS REFORMS NNP 7960 5195 4 Diocletian Diocletian NNP 7960 5195 5 began begin VBD 7960 5195 6 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 5195 7 reforms reform NNS 7960 5195 8 by by IN 7960 5195 9 adopting adopt VBG 7960 5195 10 a a DT 7960 5195 11 scheme scheme NN 7960 5195 12 for for IN 7960 5195 13 " " `` 7960 5195 14 partnership partnership NN 7960 5195 15 emperors emperor NNS 7960 5195 16 . . . 7960 5195 17 " " '' 7960 5196 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 5196 2 shared share VBD 7960 5196 3 the the DT 7960 5196 4 Roman roman JJ 7960 5196 5 world world NN 7960 5196 6 with with IN 7960 5196 7 a a DT 7960 5196 8 trusted trust VBN 7960 5196 9 lieutenant lieutenant NN 7960 5196 10 named name VBN 7960 5196 11 Maximian Maximian NNP 7960 5196 12 . . . 7960 5197 1 Each each DT 7960 5197 2 was be VBD 7960 5197 3 to to TO 7960 5197 4 be be VB 7960 5197 5 an an DT 7960 5197 6 Augustus Augustus NNP 7960 5197 7 , , , 7960 5197 8 with with IN 7960 5197 9 all all PDT 7960 5197 10 the the DT 7960 5197 11 honors honor NNS 7960 5197 12 of of IN 7960 5197 13 an an DT 7960 5197 14 emperor emperor NN 7960 5197 15 . . . 7960 5198 1 Diocletian Diocletian NNP 7960 5198 2 ruled rule VBD 7960 5198 3 the the DT 7960 5198 4 East East NNP 7960 5198 5 ; ; : 7960 5198 6 Maximian Maximian NNP 7960 5198 7 ruled rule VBD 7960 5198 8 the the DT 7960 5198 9 West West NNP 7960 5198 10 . . . 7960 5199 1 Further further JJ 7960 5199 2 partnership partnership NN 7960 5199 3 soon soon RB 7960 5199 4 seemed seem VBD 7960 5199 5 advisable advisable JJ 7960 5199 6 , , , 7960 5199 7 and and CC 7960 5199 8 so so RB 7960 5199 9 each each DT 7960 5199 10 _ _ NNP 7960 5199 11 Augustus Augustus NNP 7960 5199 12 _ _ NNP 7960 5199 13 chose choose VBD 7960 5199 14 a a DT 7960 5199 15 younger young JJR 7960 5199 16 associate associate NN 7960 5199 17 , , , 7960 5199 18 or or CC 7960 5199 19 _ _ NNP 7960 5199 20 Caesar Caesar NNP 7960 5199 21 _ _ NNP 7960 5199 22 , , , 7960 5199 23 to to TO 7960 5199 24 aid aid VB 7960 5199 25 him -PRON- PRP 7960 5199 26 in in IN 7960 5199 27 the the DT 7960 5199 28 government government NN 7960 5199 29 and and CC 7960 5199 30 at at IN 7960 5199 31 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 5199 32 death death NN 7960 5199 33 or or CC 7960 5199 34 abdication abdication NN 7960 5199 35 to to TO 7960 5199 36 become become VB 7960 5199 37 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 5199 38 heir heir NN 7960 5199 39 . . . 7960 5200 1 Diocletian Diocletian NNP 7960 5200 2 also also RB 7960 5200 3 remodeled remodel VBD 7960 5200 4 the the DT 7960 5200 5 provincial provincial JJ 7960 5200 6 system system NN 7960 5200 7 . . . 7960 5201 1 The the DT 7960 5201 2 entire entire JJ 7960 5201 3 empire empire NN 7960 5201 4 , , , 7960 5201 5 including include VBG 7960 5201 6 Italy Italy NNP 7960 5201 7 , , , 7960 5201 8 was be VBD 7960 5201 9 divided divide VBN 7960 5201 10 into into IN 7960 5201 11 more more JJR 7960 5201 12 than than IN 7960 5201 13 one one CD 7960 5201 14 hundred hundred CD 7960 5201 15 provinces province NNS 7960 5201 16 . . . 7960 5202 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 5202 2 were be VBD 7960 5202 3 grouped group VBN 7960 5202 4 into into IN 7960 5202 5 thirteen thirteen CD 7960 5202 6 dioceses diocese NNS 7960 5202 7 and and CC 7960 5202 8 these these DT 7960 5202 9 , , , 7960 5202 10 in in IN 7960 5202 11 turn turn NN 7960 5202 12 , , , 7960 5202 13 into into IN 7960 5202 14 four four CD 7960 5202 15 prefectures prefecture NNS 7960 5202 16 . . . 7960 5203 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 5203 2 4 4 LS 7960 5203 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 5203 4 This this DT 7960 5203 5 reform reform NN 7960 5203 6 much much RB 7960 5203 7 lessened lessen VBD 7960 5203 8 the the DT 7960 5203 9 authority authority NN 7960 5203 10 of of IN 7960 5203 11 the the DT 7960 5203 12 provincial provincial JJ 7960 5203 13 governor governor NN 7960 5203 14 , , , 7960 5203 15 who who WP 7960 5203 16 now now RB 7960 5203 17 ruled rule VBD 7960 5203 18 over over IN 7960 5203 19 a a DT 7960 5203 20 small small JJ 7960 5203 21 district district NN 7960 5203 22 and and CC 7960 5203 23 had have VBD 7960 5203 24 to to TO 7960 5203 25 obey obey VB 7960 5203 26 the the DT 7960 5203 27 vicar vicar NN 7960 5203 28 of of IN 7960 5203 29 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 5203 30 diocese diocese NN 7960 5203 31 . . . 7960 5204 1 THE the DT 7960 5204 2 NEW NEW NNP 7960 5204 3 ABSOLUTISM ABSOLUTISM NNP 7960 5204 4 The the DT 7960 5204 5 emperors emperor NNS 7960 5204 6 , , , 7960 5204 7 from from IN 7960 5204 8 Diocletian diocletian JJ 7960 5204 9 onward onward RB 7960 5204 10 , , , 7960 5204 11 were be VBD 7960 5204 12 autocrats autocrat NNS 7960 5204 13 . . . 7960 5205 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 5205 2 bore bear VBD 7960 5205 3 the the DT 7960 5205 4 proud proud JJ 7960 5205 5 title title NN 7960 5205 6 of of IN 7960 5205 7 _ _ NNP 7960 5205 8 Dominus Dominus NNP 7960 5205 9 _ _ NNP 7960 5205 10 ( ( -LRB- 7960 5205 11 " " `` 7960 5205 12 Lord Lord NNP 7960 5205 13 " " '' 7960 5205 14 ) ) -RRB- 7960 5205 15 . . . 7960 5206 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 5206 2 were be VBD 7960 5206 3 treated treat VBN 7960 5206 4 as as IN 7960 5206 5 gods god NNS 7960 5206 6 . . . 7960 5207 1 Everything everything NN 7960 5207 2 that that WDT 7960 5207 3 touched touch VBD 7960 5207 4 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 5207 5 persons person NNS 7960 5207 6 was be VBD 7960 5207 7 sacred sacred JJ 7960 5207 8 . . . 7960 5208 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 5208 2 wore wear VBD 7960 5208 3 a a DT 7960 5208 4 diadem diadem NN 7960 5208 5 of of IN 7960 5208 6 pearls pearl NNS 7960 5208 7 and and CC 7960 5208 8 gorgeous gorgeous JJ 7960 5208 9 robes robe NNS 7960 5208 10 of of IN 7960 5208 11 silk silk NN 7960 5208 12 and and CC 7960 5208 13 gold gold NN 7960 5208 14 , , , 7960 5208 15 like like IN 7960 5208 16 those those DT 7960 5208 17 of of IN 7960 5208 18 Asiatic asiatic JJ 7960 5208 19 monarchs monarchs NN 7960 5208 20 . . . 7960 5209 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 5209 2 filled fill VBD 7960 5209 3 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 5209 4 palaces palace NNS 7960 5209 5 with with IN 7960 5209 6 a a DT 7960 5209 7 crowd crowd NN 7960 5209 8 of of IN 7960 5209 9 fawning fawning NN 7960 5209 10 , , , 7960 5209 11 flattering flattering JJ 7960 5209 12 nobles noble NNS 7960 5209 13 , , , 7960 5209 14 and and CC 7960 5209 15 busied busy VBD 7960 5209 16 themselves -PRON- PRP 7960 5209 17 with with IN 7960 5209 18 an an DT 7960 5209 19 endless endless JJ 7960 5209 20 round round NN 7960 5209 21 of of IN 7960 5209 22 stately stately JJ 7960 5209 23 and and CC 7960 5209 24 impressive impressive JJ 7960 5209 25 ceremonials ceremonial NNS 7960 5209 26 . . . 7960 5210 1 Hitherto Hitherto NNP 7960 5210 2 a a DT 7960 5210 3 Roman roman JJ 7960 5210 4 emperor emperor NN 7960 5210 5 had have VBD 7960 5210 6 been be VBN 7960 5210 7 an an DT 7960 5210 8 _ _ NNP 7960 5210 9 imperator imperator NN 7960 5210 10 _ _ NNP 7960 5210 11 , , , 7960 5210 12 [ [ -LRB- 7960 5210 13 5 5 CD 7960 5210 14 ] ] -RRB- 7960 5210 15 the the DT 7960 5210 16 head head NN 7960 5210 17 of of IN 7960 5210 18 an an DT 7960 5210 19 army army NN 7960 5210 20 . . . 7960 5211 1 Now now RB 7960 5211 2 he -PRON- PRP 7960 5211 3 became become VBD 7960 5211 4 a a DT 7960 5211 5 king king NN 7960 5211 6 , , , 7960 5211 7 to to TO 7960 5211 8 be be VB 7960 5211 9 greeted greet VBN 7960 5211 10 , , , 7960 5211 11 not not RB 7960 5211 12 with with IN 7960 5211 13 the the DT 7960 5211 14 old old JJ 7960 5211 15 military military JJ 7960 5211 16 salute salute NN 7960 5211 17 , , , 7960 5211 18 but but CC 7960 5211 19 with with IN 7960 5211 20 the the DT 7960 5211 21 bent bent JJ 7960 5211 22 knee knee NN 7960 5211 23 and and CC 7960 5211 24 the the DT 7960 5211 25 prostrate prostrate NN 7960 5211 26 form form NN 7960 5211 27 of of IN 7960 5211 28 adoration adoration NN 7960 5211 29 . . . 7960 5212 1 Such such JJ 7960 5212 2 pomps pomp NNS 7960 5212 3 and and CC 7960 5212 4 vanities vanity NNS 7960 5212 5 , , , 7960 5212 6 which which WDT 7960 5212 7 former former JJ 7960 5212 8 Romans Romans NNPS 7960 5212 9 would would MD 7960 5212 10 have have VB 7960 5212 11 thought think VBN 7960 5212 12 degrading degrading NN 7960 5212 13 , , , 7960 5212 14 helped help VBD 7960 5212 15 to to TO 7960 5212 16 inspire inspire VB 7960 5212 17 reverence reverence NN 7960 5212 18 among among IN 7960 5212 19 the the DT 7960 5212 20 servile servile JJ 7960 5212 21 subjects subject NNS 7960 5212 22 of of IN 7960 5212 23 a a DT 7960 5212 24 later later JJ 7960 5212 25 age age NN 7960 5212 26 . . . 7960 5213 1 If if IN 7960 5213 2 it -PRON- PRP 7960 5213 3 was be VBD 7960 5213 4 the the DT 7960 5213 5 aim aim NN 7960 5213 6 of of IN 7960 5213 7 Augustus Augustus NNP 7960 5213 8 to to TO 7960 5213 9 disguise disguise VB 7960 5213 10 , , , 7960 5213 11 it -PRON- PRP 7960 5213 12 was be VBD 7960 5213 13 the the DT 7960 5213 14 aim aim NN 7960 5213 15 of of IN 7960 5213 16 Diocletian Diocletian NNP 7960 5213 17 to to TO 7960 5213 18 display display VB 7960 5213 19 , , , 7960 5213 20 the the DT 7960 5213 21 unbounded unbounded JJ 7960 5213 22 power power NN 7960 5213 23 of of IN 7960 5213 24 a a DT 7960 5213 25 Roman roman JJ 7960 5213 26 emperor emperor NN 7960 5213 27 . . . 7960 5214 1 CONSTANTINE CONSTANTINE NNP 7960 5214 2 , , , 7960 5214 3 SOLE SOLE NNP 7960 5214 4 EMPEROR EMPEROR NNP 7960 5214 5 , , , 7960 5214 6 324 324 CD 7960 5214 7 - - SYM 7960 5214 8 337 337 CD 7960 5214 9 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 5215 1 There there EX 7960 5215 2 can can MD 7960 5215 3 be be VB 7960 5215 4 little little JJ 7960 5215 5 doubt doubt NN 7960 5215 6 that that IN 7960 5215 7 Diocletian Diocletian NNP 7960 5215 8 's 's POS 7960 5215 9 reforms reform NNS 7960 5215 10 helped help VBD 7960 5215 11 to to TO 7960 5215 12 prolong prolong VB 7960 5215 13 the the DT 7960 5215 14 existence existence NN 7960 5215 15 of of IN 7960 5215 16 the the DT 7960 5215 17 empire empire NN 7960 5215 18 . . . 7960 5216 1 In in IN 7960 5216 2 one one CD 7960 5216 3 respect respect NN 7960 5216 4 , , , 7960 5216 5 however however RB 7960 5216 6 , , , 7960 5216 7 they -PRON- PRP 7960 5216 8 must must MD 7960 5216 9 be be VB 7960 5216 10 pronounced pronounce VBN 7960 5216 11 a a DT 7960 5216 12 failure failure NN 7960 5216 13 . . . 7960 5217 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 5217 2 did do VBD 7960 5217 3 not not RB 7960 5217 4 end end VB 7960 5217 5 the the DT 7960 5217 6 disputes dispute NNS 7960 5217 7 about about IN 7960 5217 8 the the DT 7960 5217 9 succession succession NN 7960 5217 10 . . . 7960 5218 1 Only only RB 7960 5218 2 two two CD 7960 5218 3 years year NNS 7960 5218 4 after after IN 7960 5218 5 the the DT 7960 5218 6 abdication abdication NN 7960 5218 7 of of IN 7960 5218 8 Diocletian Diocletian NNP 7960 5218 9 there there EX 7960 5218 10 were be VBD 7960 5218 11 six six CD 7960 5218 12 rival rival JJ 7960 5218 13 pretenders pretender NNS 7960 5218 14 for for IN 7960 5218 15 the the DT 7960 5218 16 title title NN 7960 5218 17 of of IN 7960 5218 18 _ _ NNP 7960 5218 19 Augustus Augustus NNP 7960 5218 20 _ _ NNP 7960 5218 21 . . . 7960 5219 1 Their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 5219 2 dreary dreary JJ 7960 5219 3 struggles struggle NNS 7960 5219 4 continued continue VBD 7960 5219 5 , , , 7960 5219 6 until until IN 7960 5219 7 at at IN 7960 5219 8 length length NN 7960 5219 9 two two CD 7960 5219 10 emperors emperor NNS 7960 5219 11 were be VBD 7960 5219 12 left leave VBN 7960 5219 13 -- -- : 7960 5219 14 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6 an an DT 7960 5222 7 able able JJ 7960 5222 8 general general NN 7960 5222 9 and and CC 7960 5222 10 a a DT 7960 5222 11 wise wise JJ 7960 5222 12 statesman statesman NN 7960 5222 13 . . . 7960 5223 1 Two two CD 7960 5223 2 events event NNS 7960 5223 3 of of IN 7960 5223 4 lasting last VBG 7960 5223 5 importance importance NN 7960 5223 6 have have VBP 7960 5223 7 made make VBN 7960 5223 8 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 5223 9 reign reign JJ 7960 5223 10 memorable memorable NN 7960 5223 11 . . . 7960 5224 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 5224 2 was be VBD 7960 5224 3 Constantine Constantine NNP 7960 5224 4 who who WP 7960 5224 5 recognized recognize VBD 7960 5224 6 Christianity Christianity NNP 7960 5224 7 as as IN 7960 5224 8 one one CD 7960 5224 9 of of IN 7960 5224 10 the the DT 7960 5224 11 religions religion NNS 7960 5224 12 of of IN 7960 5224 13 the the DT 7960 5224 14 empire empire NN 7960 5224 15 and and CC 7960 5224 16 thus thus RB 7960 5224 17 paved pave VBD 7960 5224 18 the the DT 7960 5224 19 way way NN 7960 5224 20 for for IN 7960 5224 21 the the DT 7960 5224 22 triumph triumph NN 7960 5224 23 of of IN 7960 5224 24 that that DT 7960 5224 25 faith faith NN 7960 5224 26 over over IN 7960 5224 27 the the DT 7960 5224 28 ancient ancient JJ 7960 5224 29 paganism paganism NN 7960 5224 30 . . . 7960 5225 1 His -PRON- PRP$ 7960 5225 2 work work NN 7960 5225 3 in in IN 7960 5225 4 this this DT 7960 5225 5 connection connection NN 7960 5225 6 will will MD 7960 5225 7 be be VB 7960 5225 8 discussed discuss VBN 7960 5225 9 presently presently RB 7960 5225 10 . . . 7960 5226 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 5226 2 was be VBD 7960 5226 3 Constantine Constantine NNP 7960 5226 4 , , , 7960 5226 5 also also RB 7960 5226 6 , , , 7960 5226 7 who who WP 7960 5226 8 established establish VBD 7960 5226 9 a a DT 7960 5226 10 new new JJ 7960 5226 11 capital capital NN 7960 5226 12 for for IN 7960 5226 13 the the DT 7960 5226 14 Roman roman JJ 7960 5226 15 world world NN 7960 5226 16 at at IN 7960 5226 17 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7960 5230 7 the the DT 7960 5230 8 eastern eastern JJ 7960 5230 9 half half NN 7960 5230 10 to to TO 7960 5230 11 balance balance VB 7960 5230 12 Rome Rome NNP 7960 5230 13 in in IN 7960 5230 14 the the DT 7960 5230 15 western western JJ 7960 5230 16 half half NN 7960 5230 17 . . . 7960 5231 1 Again again RB 7960 5231 2 , , , 7960 5231 3 Constantinople Constantinople NNP 7960 5231 4 , , , 7960 5231 5 far far RB 7960 5231 6 more more JJR 7960 5231 7 than than IN 7960 5231 8 Rome Rome NNP 7960 5231 9 , , , 7960 5231 10 was be VBD 7960 5231 11 the the DT 7960 5231 12 military military JJ 7960 5231 13 center center NN 7960 5231 14 of of IN 7960 5231 15 the the DT 7960 5231 16 empire empire NN 7960 5231 17 . . . 7960 5232 1 Rome Rome NNP 7960 5232 2 lay lie VBD 7960 5232 3 too too RB 7960 5232 4 far far RB 7960 5232 5 from from IN 7960 5232 6 the the DT 7960 5232 7 vulnerable vulnerable JJ 7960 5232 8 frontiers frontier NNS 7960 5232 9 ; ; : 7960 5232 10 Constantinople Constantinople NNP 7960 5232 11 occupied occupy VBD 7960 5232 12 a a DT 7960 5232 13 position position NN 7960 5232 14 about about IN 7960 5232 15 equidistant equidistant NN 7960 5232 16 from from IN 7960 5232 17 the the DT 7960 5232 18 Germans Germans NNPS 7960 5232 19 on on IN 7960 5232 20 the the DT 7960 5232 21 lower low JJR 7960 5232 22 Danube Danube NNP 7960 5232 23 and and CC 7960 5232 24 the the DT 7960 5232 25 Persians Persians NNPS 7960 5232 26 on on IN 7960 5232 27 the the DT 7960 5232 28 Euphrates Euphrates NNP 7960 5232 29 . . . 7960 5233 1 Finally finally RB 7960 5233 2 , , , 7960 5233 3 Constantine Constantine NNP 7960 5233 4 believed believe VBD 7960 5233 5 that that IN 7960 5233 6 Christianity Christianity NNP 7960 5233 7 , , , 7960 5233 8 which which WDT 7960 5233 9 he -PRON- PRP 7960 5233 10 wished wish VBD 7960 5233 11 to to TO 7960 5233 12 become become VB 7960 5233 13 the the DT 7960 5233 14 prevailing prevail VBG 7960 5233 15 religion religion NN 7960 5233 16 , , , 7960 5233 17 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5253 6 SYSTEM system NN 7960 5253 7 It -PRON- PRP 7960 5253 8 is be VBZ 7960 5253 9 not not RB 7960 5253 10 possible possible JJ 7960 5253 11 to to TO 7960 5253 12 set set VB 7960 5253 13 forth forth RP 7960 5253 14 all all PDT 7960 5253 15 the the DT 7960 5253 16 forces force NNS 7960 5253 17 which which WDT 7960 5253 18 century century NN 7960 5253 19 after after IN 7960 5253 20 century century NN 7960 5253 21 had have VBD 7960 5253 22 been be VBN 7960 5253 23 sapping sap VBG 7960 5253 24 the the DT 7960 5253 25 strength strength NN 7960 5253 26 of of IN 7960 5253 27 the the DT 7960 5253 28 state state NN 7960 5253 29 . . . 7960 5254 1 The the DT 7960 5254 2 most most RBS 7960 5254 3 obvious obvious JJ 7960 5254 4 element element NN 7960 5254 5 of of IN 7960 5254 6 weakness weakness NN 7960 5254 7 was be VBD 7960 5254 8 the the DT 7960 5254 9 want want NN 7960 5254 10 of of IN 7960 5254 11 men man NNS 7960 5254 12 to to TO 7960 5254 13 fill fill VB 7960 5254 14 the the DT 7960 5254 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7960 5256 18 worked work VBN 7960 5256 19 by by IN 7960 5256 20 gangs gang NNS 7960 5256 21 of of IN 7960 5256 22 slaves slave NNS 7960 5256 23 . . . 7960 5257 1 The the DT 7960 5257 2 artisan artisan NN 7960 5257 3 could could MD 7960 5257 4 not not RB 7960 5257 5 support support VB 7960 5257 6 himself -PRON- PRP 7960 5257 7 and and CC 7960 5257 8 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 5257 9 family family NN 7960 5257 10 on on IN 7960 5257 11 the the DT 7960 5257 12 pittance pittance NN 7960 5257 13 that that WDT 7960 5257 14 kept keep VBD 7960 5257 15 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 5257 16 slave slave NN 7960 5257 17 competitor competitor NN 7960 5257 18 alive alive JJ 7960 5257 19 . . . 7960 5258 1 Peasants peasant NNS 7960 5258 2 and and CC 7960 5258 3 artisans artisan NNS 7960 5258 4 gradually gradually RB 7960 5258 5 drifted drift VBD 7960 5258 6 into into IN 7960 5258 7 the the DT 7960 5258 8 cities city NNS 7960 5258 9 , , , 7960 5258 10 where where WRB 7960 5258 11 the the DT 7960 5258 12 public public JJ 7960 5258 13 distributions distribution NNS 7960 5258 14 of of IN 7960 5258 15 grain grain NN 7960 5258 16 , , , 7960 5258 17 wine wine NN 7960 5258 18 , , , 7960 5258 19 and and CC 7960 5258 20 oil oil NN 7960 5258 21 assured assure VBD 7960 5258 22 them -PRON- PRP 7960 5258 23 of of IN 7960 5258 24 a a DT 7960 5258 25 living living NN 7960 5258 26 with with IN 7960 5258 27 little little JJ 7960 5258 28 expense expense NN 7960 5258 29 and and CC 7960 5258 30 almost almost RB 7960 5258 31 without without IN 7960 5258 32 exertion exertion NN 7960 5258 33 . . . 7960 5259 1 In in IN 7960 5259 2 both both CC 7960 5259 3 Italy Italy NNP 7960 5259 4 and and CC 7960 5259 5 the the DT 7960 5259 6 provinces province NNS 7960 5259 7 there there EX 7960 5259 8 was be VBD 7960 5259 9 a a DT 7960 5259 10 serious serious JJ 7960 5259 11 decline decline NN 7960 5259 12 in in IN 7960 5259 13 the the DT 7960 5259 14 number number NN 7960 5259 15 of of IN 7960 5259 16 free free JJ 7960 5259 17 farmers farmer NNS 7960 5259 18 and and CC 7960 5259 19 free free JJ 7960 5259 20 workingmen workingman NNS 7960 5259 21 . . . 7960 5260 1 " " `` 7960 5260 2 RACE race NN 7960 5260 3 SUICIDE SUICIDE NNS 7960 5260 4 " " '' 7960 5260 5 But but CC 7960 5260 6 slavery slavery NN 7960 5260 7 was be VBD 7960 5260 8 not not RB 7960 5260 9 the the DT 7960 5260 10 only only JJ 7960 5260 11 cause cause NN 7960 5260 12 of of IN 7960 5260 13 depopulation depopulation NN 7960 5260 14 . . . 7960 5261 1 There there EX 7960 5261 2 was be VBD 7960 5261 3 a a DT 7960 5261 4 great great JJ 7960 5261 5 deal deal NN 7960 5261 6 of of IN 7960 5261 7 what what WP 7960 5261 8 has have VBZ 7960 5261 9 been be VBN 7960 5261 10 called call VBN 7960 5261 11 " " `` 7960 5261 12 race race NN 7960 5261 13 suicide suicide NN 7960 5261 14 " " '' 7960 5261 15 in in IN 7960 5261 16 the the DT 7960 5261 17 old old JJ 7960 5261 18 Roman roman JJ 7960 5261 19 world world NN 7960 5261 20 . . . 7960 5262 1 Well well RB 7960 5262 2 - - HYPH 7960 5262 3 to to TO 7960 5262 4 - - HYPH 7960 5262 5 do do VB 7960 5262 6 people people NNS 7960 5262 7 , , , 7960 5262 8 who who WP 7960 5262 9 could could MD 7960 5262 10 easily easily RB 7960 5262 11 support support VB 7960 5262 12 large large JJ 7960 5262 13 families family NNS 7960 5262 14 , , , 7960 5262 15 often often RB 7960 5262 16 refused refuse VBD 7960 5262 17 to to TO 7960 5262 18 be be VB 7960 5262 19 burdened burden VBN 7960 5262 20 with with IN 7960 5262 21 them -PRON- PRP 7960 5262 22 . . . 7960 5263 1 Childlessness childlessness NN 7960 5263 2 , , , 7960 5263 3 however however RB 7960 5263 4 , , , 7960 5263 5 was be VBD 7960 5263 6 not not RB 7960 5263 7 confined confine VBN 7960 5263 8 to to IN 7960 5263 9 the the DT 7960 5263 10 wealthy wealthy JJ 7960 5263 11 , , , 7960 5263 12 since since IN 7960 5263 13 the the DT 7960 5263 14 poorer poor JJR 7960 5263 15 classes class NNS 7960 5263 16 , , , 7960 5263 17 crowded crowd VBN 7960 5263 18 in in IN 7960 5263 19 the the DT 7960 5263 20 huge huge JJ 7960 5263 21 lodging lodging NN 7960 5263 22 houses house NNS 7960 5263 23 of of IN 7960 5263 24 the the DT 7960 5263 25 cities city NNS 7960 5263 26 , , , 7960 5263 27 had have VBD 7960 5263 28 no no DT 7960 5263 29 real real JJ 7960 5263 30 family family NN 7960 5263 31 life life NN 7960 5263 32 . . . 7960 5264 1 Roman roman JJ 7960 5264 2 emperors emperor NNS 7960 5264 3 , , , 7960 5264 4 who who WP 7960 5264 5 saw see VBD 7960 5264 6 how how WRB 7960 5264 7 difficult difficult JJ 7960 5264 8 it -PRON- PRP 7960 5264 9 was be VBD 7960 5264 10 to to TO 7960 5264 11 get get VB 7960 5264 12 a a DT 7960 5264 13 sufficient sufficient JJ 7960 5264 14 number number NN 7960 5264 15 of of IN 7960 5264 16 recruits recruit NNS 7960 5264 17 for for IN 7960 5264 18 the the DT 7960 5264 19 army army NN 7960 5264 20 , , , 7960 5264 21 and and CC 7960 5264 22 how how WRB 7960 5264 23 whole whole JJ 7960 5264 24 districts district NNS 7960 5264 25 were be VBD 7960 5264 26 going go VBG 7960 5264 27 to to TO 7960 5264 28 waste waste VB 7960 5264 29 for for IN 7960 5264 30 lack lack NN 7960 5264 31 of of IN 7960 5264 32 people people NNS 7960 5264 33 to to TO 7960 5264 34 cultivate cultivate VB 7960 5264 35 them -PRON- PRP 7960 5264 36 , , , 7960 5264 37 tried try VBD 7960 5264 38 to to TO 7960 5264 39 repopulate repopulate VB 7960 5264 40 the the DT 7960 5264 41 empire empire NN 7960 5264 42 by by IN 7960 5264 43 force force NN 7960 5264 44 of of IN 7960 5264 45 law law NN 7960 5264 46 . . . 7960 5265 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 5265 2 imposed impose VBD 7960 5265 3 penalties penalty NNS 7960 5265 4 for for IN 7960 5265 5 the the DT 7960 5265 6 childlessness childlessness NN 7960 5265 7 and and CC 7960 5265 8 celibacy celibacy NN 7960 5265 9 of of IN 7960 5265 10 the the DT 7960 5265 11 rich rich JJ 7960 5265 12 , , , 7960 5265 13 and and CC 7960 5265 14 founded found VBD 7960 5265 15 institutions institution NNS 7960 5265 16 for for IN 7960 5265 17 the the DT 7960 5265 18 rearing rearing NN 7960 5265 19 of of IN 7960 5265 20 children child NNS 7960 5265 21 , , , 7960 5265 22 that that IN 7960 5265 23 the the DT 7960 5265 24 poor poor JJ 7960 5265 25 might may MD 7960 5265 26 not not RB 7960 5265 27 fear fear VB 7960 5265 28 to to TO 7960 5265 29 raise raise VB 7960 5265 30 large large JJ 7960 5265 31 families family NNS 7960 5265 32 . . . 7960 5266 1 Such such JJ 7960 5266 2 measures measure NNS 7960 5266 3 were be VBD 7960 5266 4 scarcely scarcely RB 7960 5266 5 successful successful JJ 7960 5266 6 . . . 7960 5267 1 " " `` 7960 5267 2 Race race NN 7960 5267 3 suicide suicide NN 7960 5267 4 " " '' 7960 5267 5 continued continue VBN 7960 5267 6 during during IN 7960 5267 7 pagan pagan NNP 7960 5267 8 times time NNS 7960 5267 9 and and CC 7960 5267 10 even even RB 7960 5267 11 during during IN 7960 5267 12 the the DT 7960 5267 13 Christian christian JJ 7960 5267 14 age age NN 7960 5267 15 . . . 7960 5268 1 LOSS los VBN 7960 5268 2 OF of IN 7960 5268 3 REVENUES revenues NN 7960 5268 4 The the DT 7960 5268 5 next next RB 7960 5268 6 most most RBS 7960 5268 7 obvious obvious JJ 7960 5268 8 element element NN 7960 5268 9 of of IN 7960 5268 10 weakness weakness NN 7960 5268 11 was be VBD 7960 5268 12 the the DT 7960 5268 13 shrinkage shrinkage NN 7960 5268 14 of of IN 7960 5268 15 the the DT 7960 5268 16 revenues revenue NNS 7960 5268 17 . . . 7960 5269 1 The the DT 7960 5269 2 empire empire NN 7960 5269 3 suffered suffer VBD 7960 5269 4 from from IN 7960 5269 5 want want NN 7960 5269 6 of of IN 7960 5269 7 money money NN 7960 5269 8 , , , 7960 5269 9 as as RB 7960 5269 10 well well RB 7960 5269 11 as as IN 7960 5269 12 from from IN 7960 5269 13 want want NN 7960 5269 14 of of IN 7960 5269 15 men man NNS 7960 5269 16 . . . 7960 5270 1 To to TO 7960 5270 2 meet meet VB 7960 5270 3 the the DT 7960 5270 4 heavy heavy JJ 7960 5270 5 cost cost NN 7960 5270 6 of of IN 7960 5270 7 the the DT 7960 5270 8 luxurious luxurious JJ 7960 5270 9 court court NN 7960 5270 10 , , , 7960 5270 11 to to TO 7960 5270 12 pay pay VB 7960 5270 13 the the DT 7960 5270 14 salaries salary NNS 7960 5270 15 of of IN 7960 5270 16 the the DT 7960 5270 17 swarms swarm NNS 7960 5270 18 of of IN 7960 5270 19 public public JJ 7960 5270 20 officials official NNS 7960 5270 21 , , , 7960 5270 22 to to TO 7960 5270 23 support support VB 7960 5270 24 the the DT 7960 5270 25 idle idle JJ 7960 5270 26 populace populace NN 7960 5270 27 in in IN 7960 5270 28 the the DT 7960 5270 29 great great JJ 7960 5270 30 cities city NNS 7960 5270 31 required require VBD 7960 5270 32 a a DT 7960 5270 33 vast vast JJ 7960 5270 34 annual annual JJ 7960 5270 35 income income NN 7960 5270 36 . . . 7960 5271 1 But but CC 7960 5271 2 just just RB 7960 5271 3 when when WRB 7960 5271 4 public public JJ 7960 5271 5 expenditures expenditure NNS 7960 5271 6 were be VBD 7960 5271 7 rising rise VBG 7960 5271 8 by by IN 7960 5271 9 leaps leap NNS 7960 5271 10 and and CC 7960 5271 11 bounds bound NNS 7960 5271 12 , , , 7960 5271 13 it -PRON- PRP 7960 5271 14 became become VBD 7960 5271 15 harder hard JJR 7960 5271 16 and and CC 7960 5271 17 harder hard JJR 7960 5271 18 to to TO 7960 5271 19 secure secure VB 7960 5271 20 sufficient sufficient JJ 7960 5271 21 revenue revenue NN 7960 5271 22 . . . 7960 5272 1 Smaller small JJR 7960 5272 2 numbers number NNS 7960 5272 3 meant mean VBD 7960 5272 4 fewer few JJR 7960 5272 5 taxpayers taxpayer NNS 7960 5272 6 . . . 7960 5273 1 Fewer few JJR 7960 5273 2 taxpayers taxpayer NNS 7960 5273 3 meant mean VBD 7960 5273 4 a a DT 7960 5273 5 heavier heavy JJR 7960 5273 6 burden burden NN 7960 5273 7 on on IN 7960 5273 8 those those DT 7960 5273 9 who who WP 7960 5273 10 survived survive VBD 7960 5273 11 to to TO 7960 5273 12 pay pay VB 7960 5273 13 . . . 7960 5274 1 ECONOMIC ECONOMIC NNP 7960 5274 2 RUIN RUIN NNP 7960 5274 3 These these DT 7960 5274 4 two two CD 7960 5274 5 forces force NNS 7960 5274 6 -- -- : 7960 5274 7 the the DT 7960 5274 8 decline decline NN 7960 5274 9 in in IN 7960 5274 10 population population NN 7960 5274 11 and and CC 7960 5274 12 the the DT 7960 5274 13 decline decline NN 7960 5274 14 in in IN 7960 5274 15 wealth-- wealth-- NNP 7960 5274 16 worked work VBN 7960 5274 17 together together RB 7960 5274 18 to to TO 7960 5274 19 produce produce VB 7960 5274 20 economic economic JJ 7960 5274 21 ruin ruin NN 7960 5274 22 . . . 7960 5275 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 5275 2 is be VBZ 7960 5275 3 no no DT 7960 5275 4 wonder wonder NN 7960 5275 5 , , , 7960 5275 6 therefore therefore RB 7960 5275 7 , , , 7960 5275 8 that that IN 7960 5275 9 in in IN 7960 5275 10 province province NN 7960 5275 11 after after IN 7960 5275 12 province province NN 7960 5275 13 large large JJ 7960 5275 14 tracts tract NNS 7960 5275 15 of of IN 7960 5275 16 land land NN 7960 5275 17 went go VBD 7960 5275 18 out out IN 7960 5275 19 of of IN 7960 5275 20 cultivation cultivation NN 7960 5275 21 , , , 7960 5275 22 that that IN 7960 5275 23 the the DT 7960 5275 24 towns town NNS 7960 5275 25 decayed decay VBD 7960 5275 26 , , , 7960 5275 27 and and CC 7960 5275 28 that that DT 7960 5275 29 commerce commerce NN 7960 5275 30 and and CC 7960 5275 31 manufactures manufacture NNS 7960 5275 32 suffered suffer VBD 7960 5275 33 an an DT 7960 5275 34 appalling appalling JJ 7960 5275 35 decline decline NN 7960 5275 36 . . . 7960 5276 1 " " `` 7960 5276 2 Hard hard JJ 7960 5276 3 times time NNS 7960 5276 4 " " '' 7960 5276 5 settled settle VBN 7960 5276 6 on on IN 7960 5276 7 the the DT 7960 5276 8 Roman roman JJ 7960 5276 9 world world NN 7960 5276 10 . . . 7960 5277 1 INFLUENCE influence NN 7960 5277 2 OF of IN 7960 5277 3 CHRISTIANITY CHRISTIANITY NNP 7960 5277 4 Doubtless Doubtless NNP 7960 5277 5 still still RB 7960 5277 6 other other JJ 7960 5277 7 forces force NNS 7960 5277 8 were be VBD 7960 5277 9 at at IN 7960 5277 10 work work NN 7960 5277 11 to to TO 7960 5277 12 weaken weaken VB 7960 5277 13 the the DT 7960 5277 14 state state NN 7960 5277 15 and and CC 7960 5277 16 make make VB 7960 5277 17 it -PRON- PRP 7960 5277 18 incapable incapable JJ 7960 5277 19 of of IN 7960 5277 20 further further JJ 7960 5277 21 resistance resistance NN 7960 5277 22 to to IN 7960 5277 23 the the DT 7960 5277 24 barbarians barbarian NNS 7960 5277 25 . . . 7960 5278 1 Among among IN 7960 5278 2 such such JJ 7960 5278 3 forces force NNS 7960 5278 4 we -PRON- PRP 7960 5278 5 must must MD 7960 5278 6 reckon reckon VB 7960 5278 7 Christianity Christianity NNP 7960 5278 8 itself -PRON- PRP 7960 5278 9 . . . 7960 5279 1 By by IN 7960 5279 2 the the DT 7960 5279 3 close close NN 7960 5279 4 of of IN 7960 5279 5 the the DT 7960 5279 6 fourth fourth JJ 7960 5279 7 century century NN 7960 5279 8 Christianity Christianity NNP 7960 5279 9 had have VBD 7960 5279 10 become become VBN 7960 5279 11 the the DT 7960 5279 12 religion religion NN 7960 5279 13 of of IN 7960 5279 14 the the DT 7960 5279 15 empire empire NN 7960 5279 16 . . . 7960 5280 1 The the DT 7960 5280 2 new new JJ 7960 5280 3 faith faith NN 7960 5280 4 , , , 7960 5280 5 as as IN 7960 5280 6 we -PRON- PRP 7960 5280 7 shall shall MD 7960 5280 8 soon soon RB 7960 5280 9 see see VB 7960 5280 10 , , , 7960 5280 11 helped help VBD 7960 5280 12 , , , 7960 5280 13 not not RB 7960 5280 14 to to TO 7960 5280 15 support support VB 7960 5280 16 , , , 7960 5280 17 but but CC 7960 5280 18 rather rather RB 7960 5280 19 to to TO 7960 5280 20 undermine undermine VB 7960 5280 21 , , , 7960 5280 22 pagan pagan JJ 7960 5280 23 society society NN 7960 5280 24 . . . 7960 5281 1 77 77 CD 7960 5281 2 . . . 7960 5282 1 THE the DT 7960 5282 2 PREPARATION PREPARATION NNP 7960 5282 3 FOR for IN 7960 5282 4 CHRISTIANITY CHRISTIANITY NNP 7960 5282 5 DECLINE DECLINE NNP 7960 5282 6 OF of IN 7960 5282 7 PAGANISM paganism NN 7960 5282 8 Several several JJ 7960 5282 9 centuries century NNS 7960 5282 10 before before IN 7960 5282 11 the the DT 7960 5282 12 rise rise NN 7960 5282 13 of of IN 7960 5282 14 Christianity Christianity NNP 7960 5282 15 many many JJ 7960 5282 16 Greek greek JJ 7960 5282 17 thinkers thinker NNS 7960 5282 18 began begin VBD 7960 5282 19 to to TO 7960 5282 20 feel feel VB 7960 5282 21 a a DT 7960 5282 22 growing grow VBG 7960 5282 23 dissatisfaction dissatisfaction NN 7960 5282 24 with with IN 7960 5282 25 the the DT 7960 5282 26 crude crude JJ 7960 5282 27 faith faith NN 7960 5282 28 that that WDT 7960 5282 29 had have VBD 7960 5282 30 come come VBN 7960 5282 31 down down RP 7960 5282 32 to to IN 7960 5282 33 them -PRON- PRP 7960 5282 34 from from IN 7960 5282 35 prehistoric prehistoric JJ 7960 5282 36 times time NNS 7960 5282 37 . . . 7960 5283 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 5283 2 found find VBD 7960 5283 3 it -PRON- PRP 7960 5283 4 more more RBR 7960 5283 5 and and CC 7960 5283 6 more more RBR 7960 5283 7 difficult difficult JJ 7960 5283 8 to to TO 7960 5283 9 believe believe VB 7960 5283 10 in in IN 7960 5283 11 the the DT 7960 5283 12 Olympian olympian JJ 7960 5283 13 deities deity NNS 7960 5283 14 , , , 7960 5283 15 who who WP 7960 5283 16 were be VBD 7960 5283 17 fashioned fashion VBN 7960 5283 18 like like IN 7960 5283 19 themselves -PRON- PRP 7960 5283 20 and and CC 7960 5283 21 had have VBD 7960 5283 22 all all PDT 7960 5283 23 the the DT 7960 5283 24 faults fault NNS 7960 5283 25 of of IN 7960 5283 26 mortal mortal JJ 7960 5283 27 men man NNS 7960 5283 28 . . . 7960 5284 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 5284 2 10 10 CD 7960 5284 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 5284 4 An an DT 7960 5284 5 adulterous adulterous JJ 7960 5284 6 Zeus Zeus NNP 7960 5284 7 , , , 7960 5284 8 a a DT 7960 5284 9 bloodthirsty bloodthirsty JJ 7960 5284 10 Ares Ares NNP 7960 5284 11 , , , 7960 5284 12 and and CC 7960 5284 13 a a DT 7960 5284 14 scolding scold VBG 7960 5284 15 Hera Hera NNP 7960 5284 16 , , , 7960 5284 17 as as IN 7960 5284 18 Homer Homer NNP 7960 5284 19 represents represent VBZ 7960 5284 20 them -PRON- PRP 7960 5284 21 , , , 7960 5284 22 were be VBD 7960 5284 23 hardly hardly RB 7960 5284 24 divinities divinity NNS 7960 5284 25 that that IN 7960 5284 26 a a DT 7960 5284 27 cultured cultured JJ 7960 5284 28 Greek Greek NNP 7960 5284 29 could could MD 7960 5284 30 love love VB 7960 5284 31 and and CC 7960 5284 32 worship worship VB 7960 5284 33 . . . 7960 5285 1 For for IN 7960 5285 2 educated educated JJ 7960 5285 3 Romans Romans NNPS 7960 5285 4 , , , 7960 5285 5 also also RB 7960 5285 6 , , , 7960 5285 7 the the DT 7960 5285 8 rites rite NNS 7960 5285 9 and and CC 7960 5285 10 ceremonies ceremony NNS 7960 5285 11 of of IN 7960 5285 12 the the DT 7960 5285 13 ancient ancient JJ 7960 5285 14 religion religion NN 7960 5285 15 came come VBD 7960 5285 16 gradually gradually RB 7960 5285 17 to to TO 7960 5285 18 lose lose VB 7960 5285 19 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 5285 20 meaning meaning NN 7960 5285 21 . . . 7960 5286 1 The the DT 7960 5286 2 worship worship NN 7960 5286 3 of of IN 7960 5286 4 the the DT 7960 5286 5 Roman roman JJ 7960 5286 6 gods god NNS 7960 5286 7 had have VBD 7960 5286 8 never never RB 7960 5286 9 appealed appeal VBN 7960 5286 10 to to IN 7960 5286 11 the the DT 7960 5286 12 emotions emotion NNS 7960 5286 13 . . . 7960 5287 1 Now now RB 7960 5287 2 it -PRON- PRP 7960 5287 3 tended tend VBD 7960 5287 4 to to TO 7960 5287 5 pass pass VB 7960 5287 6 into into IN 7960 5287 7 the the DT 7960 5287 8 mere mere JJ 7960 5287 9 mechanical mechanical JJ 7960 5287 10 repetition repetition NN 7960 5287 11 of of IN 7960 5287 12 prayers prayer NNS 7960 5287 13 and and CC 7960 5287 14 sacrifices sacrifice NNS 7960 5287 15 . . . 7960 5288 1 Even even RB 7960 5288 2 the the DT 7960 5288 3 worship worship NN 7960 5288 4 of of IN 7960 5288 5 the the DT 7960 5288 6 Caesars Caesars NNP 7960 5288 7 , , , 7960 5288 8 [ [ -LRB- 7960 5288 9 11 11 CD 7960 5288 10 ] ] -RRB- 7960 5288 11 which which WDT 7960 5288 12 did do VBD 7960 5288 13 much much JJ 7960 5288 14 to to TO 7960 5288 15 hold hold VB 7960 5288 16 the the DT 7960 5288 17 empire empire NN 7960 5288 18 together together RB 7960 5288 19 , , , 7960 5288 20 failed fail VBD 7960 5288 21 to to TO 7960 5288 22 satisfy satisfy VB 7960 5288 23 the the DT 7960 5288 24 spiritual spiritual JJ 7960 5288 25 wants want NNS 7960 5288 26 of of IN 7960 5288 27 mankind mankind NN 7960 5288 28 . . . 7960 5289 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 5289 2 made make VBD 7960 5289 3 no no DT 7960 5289 4 appeal appeal NN 7960 5289 5 to to IN 7960 5289 6 the the DT 7960 5289 7 moral moral JJ 7960 5289 8 nature nature NN 7960 5289 9 ; ; : 7960 5289 10 it -PRON- PRP 7960 5289 11 brought bring VBD 7960 5289 12 no no DT 7960 5289 13 message message NN 7960 5289 14 , , , 7960 5289 15 either either DT 7960 5289 16 of of IN 7960 5289 17 fear fear NN 7960 5289 18 or or CC 7960 5289 19 hope hope NN 7960 5289 20 , , , 7960 5289 21 about about IN 7960 5289 22 a a DT 7960 5289 23 future future JJ 7960 5289 24 world world NN 7960 5289 25 and and CC 7960 5289 26 a a DT 7960 5289 27 life life NN 7960 5289 28 beyond beyond IN 7960 5289 29 the the DT 7960 5289 30 grave grave NN 7960 5289 31 . . . 7960 5290 1 STOICISM STOICISM NNP 7960 5290 2 During during IN 7960 5290 3 these these DT 7960 5290 4 centuries century NNS 7960 5290 5 a a DT 7960 5290 6 system system NN 7960 5290 7 of of IN 7960 5290 8 Greek greek JJ 7960 5290 9 philosophy philosophy NN 7960 5290 10 , , , 7960 5290 11 called call VBN 7960 5290 12 Stoicism Stoicism NNP 7960 5290 13 , , , 7960 5290 14 gained gain VBD 7960 5290 15 many many JJ 7960 5290 16 adherents adherent NNS 7960 5290 17 among among IN 7960 5290 18 the the DT 7960 5290 19 Romans Romans NNPS 7960 5290 20 . . . 7960 5291 1 Any any DT 7960 5291 2 one one NN 7960 5291 3 who who WP 7960 5291 4 will will MD 7960 5291 5 read read VB 7960 5291 6 the the DT 7960 5291 7 Stoic stoic JJ 7960 5291 8 writings writing NNS 7960 5291 9 , , , 7960 5291 10 such such JJ 7960 5291 11 as as IN 7960 5291 12 those those DT 7960 5291 13 of of IN 7960 5291 14 the the DT 7960 5291 15 noble noble JJ 7960 5291 16 emperor emperor NN 7960 5291 17 , , , 7960 5291 18 Marcus Marcus NNP 7960 5291 19 Aurelius Aurelius NNP 7960 5291 20 , , , 7960 5291 21 [ [ -LRB- 7960 5291 22 12 12 CD 7960 5291 23 ] ] -RRB- 7960 5291 24 will will MD 7960 5291 25 see see VB 7960 5291 26 how how WRB 7960 5291 27 nearly nearly RB 7960 5291 28 Christian Christian NNP 7960 5291 29 was be VBD 7960 5291 30 the the DT 7960 5291 31 Stoic stoic JJ 7960 5291 32 faith faith NN 7960 5291 33 . . . 7960 5292 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 5292 2 urged urge VBD 7960 5292 3 men man NNS 7960 5292 4 to to TO 7960 5292 5 forgive forgive VB 7960 5292 6 injuries injury NNS 7960 5292 7 -- -- : 7960 5292 8 to to TO 7960 5292 9 " " `` 7960 5292 10 bear bear VB 7960 5292 11 and and CC 7960 5292 12 forbear forbear JJ 7960 5292 13 . . . 7960 5292 14 " " '' 7960 5293 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 5293 2 preached preach VBD 7960 5293 3 the the DT 7960 5293 4 brotherhood brotherhood NNP 7960 5293 5 of of IN 7960 5293 6 man man NNP 7960 5293 7 . . . 7960 5294 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 5294 2 expressed express VBD 7960 5294 3 a a DT 7960 5294 4 humble humble JJ 7960 5294 5 and and CC 7960 5294 6 unfaltering unfaltering JJ 7960 5294 7 reliance reliance NN 7960 5294 8 on on IN 7960 5294 9 a a DT 7960 5294 10 divine divine JJ 7960 5294 11 Providence Providence NNP 7960 5294 12 . . . 7960 5295 1 To to IN 7960 5295 2 many many JJ 7960 5295 3 persons person NNS 7960 5295 4 of of IN 7960 5295 5 refinement refinement JJ 7960 5295 6 Stoicism Stoicism NNP 7960 5295 7 became become VBD 7960 5295 8 a a DT 7960 5295 9 real real JJ 7960 5295 10 religion religion NN 7960 5295 11 . . . 7960 5296 1 But but CC 7960 5296 2 since since IN 7960 5296 3 Stoic stoic JJ 7960 5296 4 philosophy philosophy NN 7960 5296 5 could could MD 7960 5296 6 reach reach VB 7960 5296 7 and and CC 7960 5296 8 influence influence VB 7960 5296 9 only only RB 7960 5296 10 the the DT 7960 5296 11 educated educate VBN 7960 5296 12 classes class NNS 7960 5296 13 , , , 7960 5296 14 it -PRON- PRP 7960 5296 15 could could MD 7960 5296 16 not not RB 7960 5296 17 become become VB 7960 5296 18 a a DT 7960 5296 19 religion religion NN 7960 5296 20 for for IN 7960 5296 21 all all DT 7960 5296 22 sorts sort NNS 7960 5296 23 and and CC 7960 5296 24 conditions condition NNS 7960 5296 25 of of IN 7960 5296 26 men man NNS 7960 5296 27 . . . 7960 5297 1 THE the DT 7960 5297 2 ELEUSINIAN ELEUSINIAN NNP 7960 5297 3 MYSTERIES mysterie VBD 7960 5297 4 Many many JJ 7960 5297 5 Greeks Greeks NNPS 7960 5297 6 found find VBD 7960 5297 7 a a DT 7960 5297 8 partial partial JJ 7960 5297 9 satisfaction satisfaction NN 7960 5297 10 of of IN 7960 5297 11 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 5297 12 religious religious JJ 7960 5297 13 longings longing NNS 7960 5297 14 in in IN 7960 5297 15 secret secret JJ 7960 5297 16 rites rite NNS 7960 5297 17 called call VBN 7960 5297 18 mysteries mystery NNS 7960 5297 19 . . . 7960 5298 1 Of of IN 7960 5298 2 these these DT 7960 5298 3 the the DT 7960 5298 4 most most RBS 7960 5298 5 important important JJ 7960 5298 6 grew grow VBD 7960 5298 7 up up RP 7960 5298 8 at at IN 7960 5298 9 Eleusis eleusis NN 7960 5298 10 , , , 7960 5298 11 [ [ -LRB- 7960 5298 12 13 13 CD 7960 5298 13 ] ] -RRB- 7960 5298 14 a a DT 7960 5298 15 little little JJ 7960 5298 16 Attic attic JJ 7960 5298 17 town town NN 7960 5298 18 thirteen thirteen CD 7960 5298 19 miles mile NNS 7960 5298 20 from from IN 7960 5298 21 Athens Athens NNP 7960 5298 22 . . . 7960 5299 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 5299 2 were be VBD 7960 5299 3 connected connect VBN 7960 5299 4 with with IN 7960 5299 5 the the DT 7960 5299 6 worship worship NN 7960 5299 7 of of IN 7960 5299 8 Demeter Demeter NNP 7960 5299 9 , , , 7960 5299 10 goddess goddess NN 7960 5299 11 of of IN 7960 5299 12 vegetation vegetation NN 7960 5299 13 and and CC 7960 5299 14 of of IN 7960 5299 15 the the DT 7960 5299 16 life life NN 7960 5299 17 of of IN 7960 5299 18 nature nature NN 7960 5299 19 . . . 7960 5300 1 The the DT 7960 5300 2 celebration celebration NN 7960 5300 3 of of IN 7960 5300 4 the the DT 7960 5300 5 Eleusinian eleusinian JJ 7960 5300 6 mysteries mystery NNS 7960 5300 7 came come VBD 7960 5300 8 in in IN 7960 5300 9 September September NNP 7960 5300 10 and and CC 7960 5300 11 lasted last VBD 7960 5300 12 nine nine CD 7960 5300 13 days day NNS 7960 5300 14 . . . 7960 5301 1 When when WRB 7960 5301 2 the the DT 7960 5301 3 candidates candidate NNS 7960 5301 4 for for IN 7960 5301 5 admission admission NN 7960 5301 6 to to IN 7960 5301 7 the the DT 7960 5301 8 secret secret JJ 7960 5301 9 rites rite NNS 7960 5301 10 were be VBD 7960 5301 11 worked work VBN 7960 5301 12 up up IN 7960 5301 13 to to IN 7960 5301 14 a a DT 7960 5301 15 state state NN 7960 5301 16 of of IN 7960 5301 17 religious religious JJ 7960 5301 18 excitement excitement NN 7960 5301 19 , , , 7960 5301 20 they -PRON- PRP 7960 5301 21 entered enter VBD 7960 5301 22 a a DT 7960 5301 23 brilliantly brilliantly RB 7960 5301 24 lighted light VBN 7960 5301 25 hall hall NN 7960 5301 26 and and CC 7960 5301 27 witnessed witness VBD 7960 5301 28 a a DT 7960 5301 29 passion passion NN 7960 5301 30 play play NN 7960 5301 31 dealing deal VBG 7960 5301 32 with with IN 7960 5301 33 the the DT 7960 5301 34 legend legend NN 7960 5301 35 of of IN 7960 5301 36 Demeter Demeter NNP 7960 5301 37 . . . 7960 5302 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 5302 2 seem seem VBP 7960 5302 3 to to TO 7960 5302 4 have have VB 7960 5302 5 had have VBN 7960 5302 6 no no DT 7960 5302 7 direct direct JJ 7960 5302 8 moral moral JJ 7960 5302 9 instruction instruction NN 7960 5302 10 but but CC 7960 5302 11 saw see VBD 7960 5302 12 , , , 7960 5302 13 instead instead RB 7960 5302 14 , , , 7960 5302 15 living live VBG 7960 5302 16 pictures picture NNS 7960 5302 17 and and CC 7960 5302 18 pantomimes pantomime NNS 7960 5302 19 which which WDT 7960 5302 20 represented represent VBD 7960 5302 21 the the DT 7960 5302 22 life life NN 7960 5302 23 beyond beyond IN 7960 5302 24 the the DT 7960 5302 25 grave grave NN 7960 5302 26 and and CC 7960 5302 27 held hold VBD 7960 5302 28 out out RP 7960 5302 29 to to IN 7960 5302 30 them -PRON- PRP 7960 5302 31 the the DT 7960 5302 32 promise promise NN 7960 5302 33 of of IN 7960 5302 34 a a DT 7960 5302 35 blessed blessed JJ 7960 5302 36 lot lot NN 7960 5302 37 in in IN 7960 5302 38 another another DT 7960 5302 39 world world NN 7960 5302 40 . . . 7960 5303 1 As as IN 7960 5303 2 an an DT 7960 5303 3 Athenian athenian JJ 7960 5303 4 orator orator NN 7960 5303 5 said say VBD 7960 5303 6 , , , 7960 5303 7 " " `` 7960 5303 8 Those those DT 7960 5303 9 who who WP 7960 5303 10 have have VBP 7960 5303 11 shared share VBN 7960 5303 12 this this DT 7960 5303 13 initiation initiation NN 7960 5303 14 possess possess VB 7960 5303 15 sweeter sweet JJR 7960 5303 16 hopes hope NNS 7960 5303 17 about about IN 7960 5303 18 death death NN 7960 5303 19 and and CC 7960 5303 20 about about IN 7960 5303 21 the the DT 7960 5303 22 whole whole NN 7960 5303 23 of of IN 7960 5303 24 life life NN 7960 5303 25 . . . 7960 5303 26 " " '' 7960 5304 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 5304 2 14 14 CD 7960 5304 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 5304 4 INFLUENCE influence NN 7960 5304 5 OF of IN 7960 5304 6 THE the DT 7960 5304 7 MYSTERIES mystery NNS 7960 5304 8 The the DT 7960 5304 9 Eleusinian eleusinian JJ 7960 5304 10 mysteries mystery NNS 7960 5304 11 , , , 7960 5304 12 though though IN 7960 5304 13 unknown unknown JJ 7960 5304 14 in in IN 7960 5304 15 the the DT 7960 5304 16 Homeric Homeric NNP 7960 5304 17 Age Age NNP 7960 5304 18 , , , 7960 5304 19 were be VBD 7960 5304 20 already already RB 7960 5304 21 popular popular JJ 7960 5304 22 before before IN 7960 5304 23 the the DT 7960 5304 24 epoch epoch NN 7960 5304 25 of of IN 7960 5304 26 the the DT 7960 5304 27 Persian persian JJ 7960 5304 28 wars war NNS 7960 5304 29 . . . 7960 5305 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 5305 2 became become VBD 7960 5305 3 a a DT 7960 5305 4 Panhellenic panhellenic JJ 7960 5305 5 festival festival NN 7960 5305 6 open open JJ 7960 5305 7 to to IN 7960 5305 8 all all DT 7960 5305 9 Greeks Greeks NNPS 7960 5305 10 , , , 7960 5305 11 women woman NNS 7960 5305 12 as as RB 7960 5305 13 well well RB 7960 5305 14 as as IN 7960 5305 15 men man NNS 7960 5305 16 , , , 7960 5305 17 slaves slave NNS 7960 5305 18 as as RB 7960 5305 19 well well RB 7960 5305 20 as as IN 7960 5305 21 freemen freeman NNS 7960 5305 22 . . . 7960 5306 1 The the DT 7960 5306 2 privilege privilege NN 7960 5306 3 of of IN 7960 5306 4 membership membership NN 7960 5306 5 was be VBD 7960 5306 6 later later RB 7960 5306 7 extended extend VBN 7960 5306 8 to to IN 7960 5306 9 Romans Romans NNPS 7960 5306 10 . . . 7960 5307 1 During during IN 7960 5307 2 the the DT 7960 5307 3 first first JJ 7960 5307 4 centuries century NNS 7960 5307 5 of of IN 7960 5307 6 our -PRON- PRP$ 7960 5307 7 era era NN 7960 5307 8 the the DT 7960 5307 9 influence influence NN 7960 5307 10 of of IN 7960 5307 11 the the DT 7960 5307 12 mysteries mystery NNS 7960 5307 13 increased increase VBD 7960 5307 14 , , , 7960 5307 15 as as IN 7960 5307 16 faith faith NN 7960 5307 17 in in IN 7960 5307 18 the the DT 7960 5307 19 Olympian olympian JJ 7960 5307 20 religion religion NN 7960 5307 21 declined decline VBD 7960 5307 22 . . . 7960 5308 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 5308 2 formed form VBD 7960 5308 3 one one CD 7960 5308 4 of of IN 7960 5308 5 the the DT 7960 5308 6 last last JJ 7960 5308 7 strongholds stronghold NNS 7960 5308 8 of of IN 7960 5308 9 paganism paganism NN 7960 5308 10 and and CC 7960 5308 11 endured endure VBD 7960 5308 12 till till IN 7960 5308 13 the the DT 7960 5308 14 triumph triumph NN 7960 5308 15 of of IN 7960 5308 16 Christianity Christianity NNP 7960 5308 17 in in IN 7960 5308 18 the the DT 7960 5308 19 Roman roman JJ 7960 5308 20 world world NN 7960 5308 21 . . . 7960 5309 1 ORIENTAL ORIENTAL NNP 7960 5309 2 RELIGIONS religion NNS 7960 5309 3 IN in IN 7960 5309 4 THE the DT 7960 5309 5 ROMAN ROMAN NNP 7960 5309 6 EMPIRE empire NN 7960 5309 7 The the DT 7960 5309 8 Asiatic asiatic JJ 7960 5309 9 conquests conquest NNS 7960 5309 10 of of IN 7960 5309 11 Alexander Alexander NNP 7960 5309 12 , , , 7960 5309 13 followed follow VBN 7960 5309 14 in in IN 7960 5309 15 later later JJ 7960 5309 16 centuries century NNS 7960 5309 17 by by IN 7960 5309 18 the the DT 7960 5309 19 extension extension NN 7960 5309 20 of of IN 7960 5309 21 Roman roman JJ 7960 5309 22 rule rule NN 7960 5309 23 over over IN 7960 5309 24 the the DT 7960 5309 25 eastern eastern JJ 7960 5309 26 coasts coast NNS 7960 5309 27 of of IN 7960 5309 28 the the DT 7960 5309 29 Mediterranean Mediterranean NNP 7960 5309 30 , , , 7960 5309 31 brought bring VBD 7960 5309 32 the the DT 7960 5309 33 classical classical JJ 7960 5309 34 peoples people NNS 7960 5309 35 into into IN 7960 5309 36 contact contact NN 7960 5309 37 with with IN 7960 5309 38 new new JJ 7960 5309 39 religions religion NNS 7960 5309 40 which which WDT 7960 5309 41 had have VBD 7960 5309 42 arisen arise VBN 7960 5309 43 in in IN 7960 5309 44 the the DT 7960 5309 45 Orient Orient NNP 7960 5309 46 . . . 7960 5310 1 Slaves slave NNS 7960 5310 2 , , , 7960 5310 3 soldiers soldier NNS 7960 5310 4 , , , 7960 5310 5 traders trader NNS 7960 5310 6 , , , 7960 5310 7 and and CC 7960 5310 8 travelers traveler NNS 7960 5310 9 carried carry VBD 7960 5310 10 the the DT 7960 5310 11 eastern eastern JJ 7960 5310 12 faiths faith NNS 7960 5310 13 to to IN 7960 5310 14 the the DT 7960 5310 15 West West NNP 7960 5310 16 , , , 7960 5310 17 where where WRB 7960 5310 18 they -PRON- PRP 7960 5310 19 speedily speedily RB 7960 5310 20 won win VBD 7960 5310 21 many many JJ 7960 5310 22 followers follower NNS 7960 5310 23 . . . 7960 5311 1 Even even RB 7960 5311 2 before before IN 7960 5311 3 the the DT 7960 5311 4 downfall downfall NN 7960 5311 5 of of IN 7960 5311 6 the the DT 7960 5311 7 republic republic NN 7960 5311 8 the the DT 7960 5311 9 deities deity NNS 7960 5311 10 of of IN 7960 5311 11 Asia Asia NNP 7960 5311 12 Minor Minor NNP 7960 5311 13 , , , 7960 5311 14 Egypt Egypt NNP 7960 5311 15 , , , 7960 5311 16 and and CC 7960 5311 17 Persia Persia NNP 7960 5311 18 had have VBD 7960 5311 19 found find VBN 7960 5311 20 a a DT 7960 5311 21 home home NN 7960 5311 22 at at IN 7960 5311 23 Rome Rome NNP 7960 5311 24 . . . 7960 5312 1 Under under IN 7960 5312 2 the the DT 7960 5312 3 empire empire NN 7960 5312 4 many many JJ 7960 5312 5 men man NNS 7960 5312 6 and and CC 7960 5312 7 women woman NNS 7960 5312 8 were be VBD 7960 5312 9 attracted attract VBN 7960 5312 10 to to IN 7960 5312 11 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 5312 12 worship worship NN 7960 5312 13 . . . 7960 5313 1 MITHRA MITHRA NNP 7960 5313 2 Perhaps perhaps RB 7960 5313 3 the the DT 7960 5313 4 most most RBS 7960 5313 5 remarkable remarkable JJ 7960 5313 6 of of IN 7960 5313 7 the the DT 7960 5313 8 Asiatic asiatic JJ 7960 5313 9 religions religion NNS 7960 5313 10 was be VBD 7960 5313 11 Mithraism Mithraism NNP 7960 5313 12 . . . 7960 5314 1 Mithra Mithra NNP 7960 5314 2 first first RB 7960 5314 3 appears appear VBZ 7960 5314 4 as as IN 7960 5314 5 a a DT 7960 5314 6 Persian persian JJ 7960 5314 7 sun sun NN 7960 5314 8 god god NNP 7960 5314 9 , , , 7960 5314 10 the the DT 7960 5314 11 leader leader NN 7960 5314 12 of of IN 7960 5314 13 Ahuramazda Ahuramazda NNP 7960 5314 14 's 's POS 7960 5314 15 hosts host NNS 7960 5314 16 in in IN 7960 5314 17 the the DT 7960 5314 18 ceaseless ceaseless NN 7960 5314 19 struggle struggle NN 7960 5314 20 against against IN 7960 5314 21 the the DT 7960 5314 22 forces force NNS 7960 5314 23 of of IN 7960 5314 24 darkness darkness NN 7960 5314 25 and and CC 7960 5314 26 evil evil NN 7960 5314 27 . . . 7960 5315 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 5315 2 15 15 CD 7960 5315 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 5315 4 As as IN 7960 5315 5 a a DT 7960 5315 6 god god NN 7960 5315 7 of of IN 7960 5315 8 light light JJ 7960 5315 9 Mithra Mithra NNP 7960 5315 10 was be VBD 7960 5315 11 also also RB 7960 5315 12 a a DT 7960 5315 13 god god NN 7960 5315 14 of of IN 7960 5315 15 truth truth NN 7960 5315 16 and and CC 7960 5315 17 purity purity NN 7960 5315 18 . . . 7960 5316 1 His -PRON- PRP$ 7960 5316 2 worship worship NN 7960 5316 3 , , , 7960 5316 4 spreading spread VBG 7960 5316 5 over over RP 7960 5316 6 the the DT 7960 5316 7 length length NN 7960 5316 8 and and CC 7960 5316 9 breadth breadth NN 7960 5316 10 of of IN 7960 5316 11 the the DT 7960 5316 12 Roman Roman NNP 7960 5316 13 Empire Empire NNP 7960 5316 14 , , , 7960 5316 15 became become VBD 7960 5316 16 the the DT 7960 5316 17 noblest noble JJS 7960 5316 18 of of IN 7960 5316 19 all all DT 7960 5316 20 pagan pagan JJ 7960 5316 21 faiths faith NNS 7960 5316 22 . . . 7960 5317 1 Men man NNS 7960 5317 2 saw see VBD 7960 5317 3 in in IN 7960 5317 4 Mithra Mithra NNP 7960 5317 5 a a DT 7960 5317 6 Lord Lord NNP 7960 5317 7 and and CC 7960 5317 8 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A.D. 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5322 6 of of IN 7960 5322 7 baptism baptism NN 7960 5322 8 with with IN 7960 5322 9 holy holy JJ 7960 5322 10 water water NN 7960 5322 11 , , , 7960 5322 12 a a DT 7960 5322 13 sacrificial sacrificial JJ 7960 5322 14 meal meal NN 7960 5322 15 of of IN 7960 5322 16 bread bread NN 7960 5322 17 and and CC 7960 5322 18 wine wine NN 7960 5322 19 , , , 7960 5322 20 and and CC 7960 5322 21 daily daily JJ 7960 5322 22 litanies litany NNS 7960 5322 23 to to IN 7960 5322 24 the the DT 7960 5322 25 sun sun NN 7960 5322 26 . . . 7960 5323 1 Mithra Mithra NNP 7960 5323 2 was be VBD 7960 5323 3 represented represent VBN 7960 5323 4 as as IN 7960 5323 5 a a DT 7960 5323 6 youthful youthful JJ 7960 5323 7 hero hero NN 7960 5323 8 miraculously miraculously RB 7960 5323 9 born bear VBN 7960 5323 10 from from IN 7960 5323 11 a a DT 7960 5323 12 rock rock NN 7960 5323 13 at at IN 7960 5323 14 the the DT 7960 5323 15 dawn dawn NN 7960 5323 16 of of IN 7960 5323 17 day day NN 7960 5323 18 ; ; : 7960 5323 19 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bull NN 7960 5324 20 , , , 7960 5324 21 and and CC 7960 5324 22 an an DT 7960 5324 23 inscription inscription NN 7960 5324 24 : : : 7960 5324 25 " " `` 7960 5324 26 To to IN 7960 5324 27 the the DT 7960 5324 28 Unconquerable Unconquerable NNP 7960 5324 29 Sun Sun NNP 7960 5324 30 , , , 7960 5324 31 to to IN 7960 5324 32 Mithra Mithra NNP 7960 5324 33 . . . 7960 5324 34 " " '' 7960 5325 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 5325 2 16 16 CD 7960 5325 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 5325 4 SIGNIFICANCE significance NN 7960 5325 5 OF of IN 7960 5325 6 THE the DT 7960 5325 7 ORIENTAL ORIENTAL NNP 7960 5325 8 RELIGIONS religion VBZ 7960 5325 9 The the DT 7960 5325 10 new new JJ 7960 5325 11 Oriental oriental JJ 7960 5325 12 religions religion NNS 7960 5325 13 all all DT 7960 5325 14 appealed appeal VBD 7960 5325 15 to to IN 7960 5325 16 the the DT 7960 5325 17 emotions emotion NNS 7960 5325 18 . . . 7960 5326 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 5326 2 helped help VBD 7960 5326 3 to to TO 7960 5326 4 satisfy satisfy VB 7960 5326 5 the the DT 7960 5326 6 spiritual spiritual JJ 7960 5326 7 wants want NNS 7960 5326 8 of of IN 7960 5326 9 men man NNS 7960 5326 10 and and CC 7960 5326 11 women woman NNS 7960 5326 12 , , , 7960 5326 13 by by IN 7960 5326 14 dwelling dwell VBG 7960 5326 15 on on IN 7960 5326 16 the the DT 7960 5326 17 need need NN 7960 5326 18 of of IN 7960 5326 19 purification purification NN 7960 5326 20 from from IN 7960 5326 21 sin sin NN 7960 5326 22 and and CC 7960 5326 23 by by IN 7960 5326 24 holding hold VBG 7960 5326 25 forth forth RP 7960 5326 26 the the DT 7960 5326 27 prospect prospect NN 7960 5326 28 of of IN 7960 5326 29 a a DT 7960 5326 30 happier happy JJR 7960 5326 31 life life NN 7960 5326 32 beyond beyond IN 7960 5326 33 the the DT 7960 5326 34 tomb tomb NN 7960 5326 35 . . . 7960 5327 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 5327 2 is be VBZ 7960 5327 3 not not RB 7960 5327 4 strange strange JJ 7960 5327 5 , , , 7960 5327 6 therefore therefore RB 7960 5327 7 , , , 7960 5327 8 that that IN 7960 5327 9 they 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5329 1 78 78 CD 7960 5329 2 . . . 7960 5330 1 RISE RISE NNP 7960 5330 2 AND and CC 7960 5330 3 SPREAD SPREAD NNP 7960 5330 4 OF of IN 7960 5330 5 CHRISTIANITY christianity JJ 7960 5330 6 CHRISTIANITY CHRISTIANITY NNPS 7960 5330 7 AMONG among IN 7960 5330 8 THE the DT 7960 5330 9 JEWS JEWS NNP 7960 5330 10 Christianity Christianity NNP 7960 5330 11 rose rise VBD 7960 5330 12 among among IN 7960 5330 13 the the DT 7960 5330 14 Jews Jews NNPS 7960 5330 15 , , , 7960 5330 16 for for IN 7960 5330 17 Jesus Jesus NNP 7960 5330 18 was be VBD 7960 5330 19 a a DT 7960 5330 20 Jew Jew NNP 7960 5330 21 and and CC 7960 5330 22 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 5330 23 disciples disciple NNS 7960 5330 24 were be VBD 7960 5330 25 Jews Jews NNPS 7960 5330 26 . . . 7960 5331 1 At at IN 7960 5331 2 the the DT 7960 5331 3 time time NN 7960 5331 4 of of IN 7960 5331 5 the the DT 7960 5331 6 death death NN 7960 5331 7 of of IN 7960 5331 8 Jesus Jesus NNP 7960 5331 9 [ [ -LRB- 7960 5331 10 17 17 CD 7960 5331 11 ] ] -RRB- 7960 5331 12 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 5331 13 immediate immediate JJ 7960 5331 14 followers follower NNS 7960 5331 15 numbered number VBD 7960 5331 16 scarcely scarcely RB 7960 5331 17 a a DT 7960 5331 18 Christianity Christianity NNP 7960 5331 19 hundred hundred CD 7960 5331 20 persons person NNS 7960 5331 21 . . . 7960 5332 1 The the DT 7960 5332 2 catastrophe catastrophe NN 7960 5332 3 of of IN 7960 5332 4 the the DT 7960 5332 5 crucifixion crucifixion NN 7960 5332 6 struck strike VBD 7960 5332 7 them -PRON- PRP 7960 5332 8 with with IN 7960 5332 9 sorrow sorrow NN 7960 5332 10 and and CC 7960 5332 11 dismay dismay NN 7960 5332 12 . . . 7960 5333 1 When when WRB 7960 5333 2 , , , 7960 5333 3 however however RB 7960 5333 4 , , , 7960 5333 5 the the DT 7960 5333 6 disciples disciple NNS 7960 5333 7 came come VBD 7960 5333 8 to to TO 7960 5333 9 believe believe VB 7960 5333 10 in in IN 7960 5333 11 the the DT 7960 5333 12 resurrection resurrection NN 7960 5333 13 of of IN 7960 5333 14 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 5333 15 master master NN 7960 5333 16 , , , 7960 5333 17 a a DT 7960 5333 18 wonderful wonderful JJ 7960 5333 19 impetus impetus NN 7960 5333 20 was be VBD 7960 5333 21 given give VBN 7960 5333 22 to to IN 7960 5333 23 the the DT 7960 5333 24 growth growth NN 7960 5333 25 of of IN 7960 5333 26 the the DT 7960 5333 27 new new JJ 7960 5333 28 religion religion NN 7960 5333 29 . . . 7960 5334 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 5334 2 now now RB 7960 5334 3 asserted assert VBD 7960 5334 4 that that IN 7960 5334 5 Jesus Jesus NNP 7960 5334 6 was be VBD 7960 5334 7 the the DT 7960 5334 8 true true JJ 7960 5334 9 Messiah Messiah NNP 7960 5334 10 , , , 7960 5334 11 or or CC 7960 5334 12 Christ Christ NNP 7960 5334 13 , , , 7960 5334 14 who who WP 7960 5334 15 by by IN 7960 5334 16 rising rise VBG 7960 5334 17 from from IN 7960 5334 18 the the DT 7960 5334 19 dead dead JJ 7960 5334 20 had have VBD 7960 5334 21 sealed seal VBN 7960 5334 22 the the DT 7960 5334 23 truth truth NN 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5356 35 , , , 7960 5356 36 markets market NNS 7960 5356 37 , , , 7960 5356 38 the the DT 7960 5356 39 camp camp NN 7960 5356 40 itself -PRON- PRP 7960 5356 41 , , , 7960 5356 42 the the DT 7960 5356 43 tribes tribe NNS 7960 5356 44 , , , 7960 5356 45 town town NN 7960 5356 46 councils council NNS 7960 5356 47 , , , 7960 5356 48 the the DT 7960 5356 49 palace palace NN 7960 5356 50 , , , 7960 5356 51 the the DT 7960 5356 52 senate senate NNP 7960 5356 53 , , , 7960 5356 54 and and CC 7960 5356 55 the the DT 7960 5356 56 forum forum NN 7960 5356 57 , , , 7960 5356 58 We -PRON- PRP 7960 5356 59 have have VBP 7960 5356 60 left leave VBN 7960 5356 61 to to IN 7960 5356 62 you -PRON- PRP 7960 5356 63 only only RB 7960 5356 64 the the DT 7960 5356 65 temples temple NNS 7960 5356 66 of of IN 7960 5356 67 your -PRON- PRP$ 7960 5356 68 gods god NNS 7960 5356 69 . . . 7960 5356 70 " " '' 7960 5357 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 5357 2 18 18 CD 7960 5357 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 5357 4 CONDITIONS conditions NN 7960 5357 5 FAVORING favor VBG 7960 5357 6 THE the DT 7960 5357 7 SPREAD SPREAD NNP 7960 5357 8 OF of IN 7960 5357 9 CHRISTIANITY CHRISTIANITY NNP 7960 5357 10 Certain certain JJ 7960 5357 11 circumstances circumstance NNS 7960 5357 12 contributed contribute VBD 7960 5357 13 to to IN 7960 5357 14 the the DT 7960 5357 15 success success NN 7960 5357 16 of of IN 7960 5357 17 this this DT 7960 5357 18 gigantic gigantic JJ 7960 5357 19 missionary missionary JJ 7960 5357 20 enterprise enterprise NN 7960 5357 21 . . . 7960 5358 1 Alexander Alexander NNP 7960 5358 2 's 's POS 7960 5358 3 conquests conquest NNS 7960 5358 4 in in IN 7960 5358 5 the the DT 7960 5358 6 East East NNP 7960 5358 7 and and CC 7960 5358 8 those those DT 7960 5358 9 of of IN 7960 5358 10 Rome Rome NNP 7960 5358 11 in in IN 7960 5358 12 the the DT 7960 5358 13 West West NNP 7960 5358 14 had have VBD 7960 5358 15 done do VBN 7960 5358 16 much much JJ 7960 5358 17 to to TO 7960 5358 18 remove remove VB 7960 5358 19 the the DT 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scattering scattering NN 7960 5360 3 of of IN 7960 5360 4 the the DT 7960 5360 5 Jews Jews NNPS 7960 5360 6 after after IN 7960 5360 7 the the DT 7960 5360 8 destruction destruction NN 7960 5360 9 of of IN 7960 5360 10 Jerusalem Jerusalem NNP 7960 5360 11 [ [ -LRB- 7960 5360 12 19 19 CD 7960 5360 13 ] ] -RRB- 7960 5360 14 provided provide VBD 7960 5360 15 the the DT 7960 5360 16 Christians Christians NNPS 7960 5360 17 with with IN 7960 5360 18 an an DT 7960 5360 19 audience audience NN 7960 5360 20 in in IN 7960 5360 21 many many JJ 7960 5360 22 cities city NNS 7960 5360 23 of of IN 7960 5360 24 the the DT 7960 5360 25 empire empire NN 7960 5360 26 . . . 7960 5361 1 The the DT 7960 5361 2 early early JJ 7960 5361 3 missionaries missionary NNS 7960 5361 4 , , , 7960 5361 5 such such JJ 7960 5361 6 as as IN 7960 5361 7 Paul Paul NNP 7960 5361 8 himself -PRON- PRP 7960 5361 9 , , , 7960 5361 10 were be VBD 7960 5361 11 often often RB 7960 5361 12 Roman roman JJ 7960 5361 13 citizens citizen NNS 7960 5361 14 who who WP 7960 5361 15 enjoyed enjoy VBD 7960 5361 16 the the DT 7960 5361 17 protection protection NN 7960 5361 18 of of IN 7960 5361 19 the the DT 7960 5361 20 Roman roman JJ 7960 5361 21 law law NN 7960 5361 22 and and CC 7960 5361 23 profited profit VBN 7960 5361 24 by by IN 7960 5361 25 the the DT 7960 5361 26 ease ease NN 7960 5361 27 of of IN 7960 5361 28 travel travel NN 7960 5361 29 which which WDT 7960 5361 30 the the DT 7960 5361 31 imperial imperial JJ 7960 5361 32 rule rule NN 7960 5361 33 had have VBD 7960 5361 34 made make VBN 7960 5361 35 possible possible JJ 7960 5361 36 . . . 7960 5362 1 At at IN 7960 5362 2 no no DT 7960 5362 3 other other JJ 7960 5362 4 period period NN 7960 5362 5 in in IN 7960 5362 6 ancient ancient JJ 7960 5362 7 history history NN 7960 5362 8 were be VBD 7960 5362 9 conditions condition NNS 7960 5362 10 so so RB 7960 5362 11 favorable favorable JJ 7960 5362 12 for for IN 7960 5362 13 the the DT 7960 5362 14 rapid rapid 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5364 6 of of IN 7960 5364 7 Christian christian JJ 7960 5364 8 worshipers worshiper NNS 7960 5364 9 . . . 7960 5365 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 5365 2 20 20 CD 7960 5365 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 5365 4 They -PRON- PRP 7960 5365 5 met meet VBD 7960 5365 6 , , , 7960 5365 7 not not RB 7960 5365 8 in in IN 7960 5365 9 synagogues synagogue NNS 7960 5365 10 as as IN 7960 5365 11 did do VBD 7960 5365 12 the the DT 7960 5365 13 Jews Jews NNPS 7960 5365 14 , , , 7960 5365 15 but but CC 7960 5365 16 in in IN 7960 5365 17 private private JJ 7960 5365 18 houses house NNS 7960 5365 19 , , , 7960 5365 20 where where WRB 7960 5365 21 they -PRON- PRP 7960 5365 22 sang sing VBD 7960 5365 23 hymns hymn NNS 7960 5365 24 , , , 7960 5365 25 listened listen VBD 7960 5365 26 to to IN 7960 5365 27 readings reading NNS 7960 5365 28 from from IN 7960 5365 29 the the DT 7960 5365 30 Holy Holy NNP 7960 5365 31 Scriptures Scriptures NNPS 7960 5365 32 , , , 7960 5365 33 and and CC 7960 5365 34 partook partook NN 7960 5365 35 of of IN 7960 5365 36 a a DT 7960 5365 37 sacrificial sacrificial JJ 7960 5365 38 meal meal NN 7960 5365 39 in in IN 7960 5365 40 memory memory NN 7960 5365 41 of of IN 7960 5365 42 the the DT 7960 5365 43 last last JJ 7960 5365 44 supper supper NN 7960 5365 45 of of IN 7960 5365 46 Jesus Jesus NNP 7960 5365 47 with with IN 7960 5365 48 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 5365 49 disciples disciple NNS 7960 5365 50 . . . 7960 5366 1 Certain certain JJ 7960 5366 2 officers officer NNS 7960 5366 3 called call VBD 7960 5366 4 presbyters presbyter NNS 7960 5366 5 , , , 7960 5366 6 [ [ -LRB- 7960 5366 7 21 21 CD 7960 5366 8 ] ] -RRB- 7960 5366 9 or or CC 7960 5366 10 elders elder NNS 7960 5366 11 , , , 7960 5366 12 were be VBD 7960 5366 13 chosen choose VBN 7960 5366 14 to to TO 7960 5366 15 conduct conduct VB 7960 5366 16 the the DT 7960 5366 17 services service NNS 7960 5366 18 and and CC 7960 5366 19 instruct instruct VB 7960 5366 20 the the DT 7960 5366 21 converts convert NNS 7960 5366 22 . . . 7960 5367 1 The the DT 7960 5367 2 chief chief JJ 7960 5367 3 presbyter presbyter NN 7960 5367 4 received receive VBD 7960 5367 5 the the DT 7960 5367 6 name name NN 7960 5367 7 of of IN 7960 5367 8 " " `` 7960 5367 9 overseer overseer NN 7960 5367 10 , , , 7960 5367 11 " " '' 7960 5367 12 or or CC 7960 5367 13 bishop bishop NN 7960 5367 14 . . . 7960 5368 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 5368 2 22 22 CD 7960 5368 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 5368 4 Each each DT 7960 5368 5 church church NN 7960 5368 6 had have VBD 7960 5368 7 also also RB 7960 5368 8 one one CD 7960 5368 9 or or CC 7960 5368 10 more more JJR 7960 5368 11 deacons deacon NNS 7960 5368 12 , , , 7960 5368 13 who who WP 7960 5368 14 visited visit VBD 7960 5368 15 the the DT 7960 5368 16 sick sick JJ 7960 5368 17 and and CC 7960 5368 18 relieved relieve VBD 7960 5368 19 the the DT 7960 5368 20 wants want NNS 7960 5368 21 of of IN 7960 5368 22 the the DT 7960 5368 23 poor poor JJ 7960 5368 24 . . . 7960 5369 1 Every every DT 7960 5369 2 Christian christian JJ 7960 5369 3 community community NN 7960 5369 4 thus thus RB 7960 5369 5 formed form VBD 7960 5369 6 a a DT 7960 5369 7 little little JJ 7960 5369 8 brotherhood brotherhood NN 7960 5369 9 of of IN 7960 5369 10 earnest earnest JJ 7960 5369 11 men man NNS 7960 5369 12 and and CC 7960 5369 13 women woman NNS 7960 5369 14 , , , 7960 5369 15 united unite VBN 7960 5369 16 by by IN 7960 5369 17 common common JJ 7960 5369 18 beliefs belief NNS 7960 5369 19 and and CC 7960 5369 20 common common JJ 7960 5369 21 hopes hope NNS 7960 5369 22 . . . 7960 5370 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 5370 2 Illustration illustration NN 7960 5370 3 : : : 7960 5370 4 CHRIST CHRIST NNP 7960 5370 5 , , , 7960 5370 6 THE the DT 7960 5370 7 GOOD good JJ 7960 5370 8 SHEPHERD SHEPHERD NNP 7960 5370 9 ( ( -LRB- 7960 5370 10 Imperial Imperial NNP 7960 5370 11 Museum Museum NNP 7960 5370 12 , , , 7960 5370 13 Constantinople Constantinople NNP 7960 5370 14 ) ) -RRB- 7960 5370 15 This this DT 7960 5370 16 quaint quaint NN 7960 5370 17 , , , 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5377 8 of of IN 7960 5377 9 the the DT 7960 5377 10 circus circus NN 7960 5377 11 or or CC 7960 5377 12 the the DT 7960 5377 13 amphitheater amphitheater NN 7960 5377 14 . . . 7960 5378 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 5378 2 refused refuse VBD 7960 5378 3 to to TO 7960 5378 4 send send VB 7960 5378 5 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 5378 6 children child NNS 7960 5378 7 to to IN 7960 5378 8 the the DT 7960 5378 9 schools school NNS 7960 5378 10 . . . 7960 5379 1 The the DT 7960 5379 2 ordinary ordinary JJ 7960 5379 3 citizen citizen NN 7960 5379 4 could could MD 7960 5379 5 not not RB 7960 5379 6 understand understand VB 7960 5379 7 such such JJ 7960 5379 8 people people NNS 7960 5379 9 . . . 7960 5380 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 5380 2 is be VBZ 7960 5380 3 not not RB 7960 5380 4 surprising surprising JJ 7960 5380 5 , , , 7960 5380 6 therefore therefore RB 7960 5380 7 , , , 7960 5380 8 that that IN 7960 5380 9 they -PRON- PRP 7960 5380 10 gained gain VBD 7960 5380 11 the the DT 7960 5380 12 evil evil JJ 7960 5380 13 name name NN 7960 5380 14 of of IN 7960 5380 15 " " `` 7960 5380 16 haters hater NNS 7960 5380 17 of of IN 7960 5380 18 mankind mankind NN 7960 5380 19 . . . 7960 5380 20 " " '' 7960 5381 1 SUPERSTITIOUS SUPERSTITIOUS NNP 7960 5381 2 FEAR fear NN 7960 5381 3 OF of IN 7960 5381 4 THE the DT 7960 5381 5 CHRISTIANS christian NNS 7960 5381 6 If if IN 7960 5381 7 the the DT 7960 5381 8 multitude multitude NN 7960 5381 9 despised despise VBD 7960 5381 10 the the DT 7960 5381 11 Christians Christians NNPS 7960 5381 12 , , , 7960 5381 13 they -PRON- PRP 7960 5381 14 sometimes sometimes RB 7960 5381 15 feared fear VBD 7960 5381 16 them -PRON- PRP 7960 5381 17 as as RB 7960 5381 18 well well RB 7960 5381 19 . . . 7960 5382 1 Strange strange JJ 7960 5382 2 stories story NNS 7960 5382 3 circulated circulate VBN 7960 5382 4 about about IN 7960 5382 5 the the DT 7960 5382 6 secret secret JJ 7960 5382 7 meetings meeting NNS 7960 5382 8 of of IN 7960 5382 9 the the DT 7960 5382 10 Christians Christians NNPS 7960 5382 11 , , , 7960 5382 12 who who WP 7960 5382 13 at at IN 7960 5382 14 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 5382 15 sacrificial sacrificial JJ 7960 5382 16 meal meal NN 7960 5382 17 were be VBD 7960 5382 18 declared declare VBN 7960 5382 19 to to TO 7960 5382 20 feast feast VB 7960 5382 21 on on IN 7960 5382 22 children child NNS 7960 5382 23 . . . 7960 5383 1 The the DT 7960 5383 2 Christians Christians NNPS 7960 5383 3 , , , 7960 5383 4 too too RB 7960 5383 5 , , , 7960 5383 6 were be VBD 7960 5383 7 often often RB 7960 5383 8 looked look VBN 7960 5383 9 upon upon IN 7960 5383 10 as as IN 7960 5383 11 magicians magician NNS 7960 5383 12 who who WP 7960 5383 13 caused cause VBD 7960 5383 14 all all DT 7960 5383 15 sorts sort NNS 7960 5383 16 of of IN 7960 5383 17 disasters disaster NNS 7960 5383 18 . . . 7960 5384 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 5384 2 was be VBD 7960 5384 3 not not RB 7960 5384 4 difficult difficult JJ 7960 5384 5 to to TO 7960 5384 6 excite excite VB 7960 5384 7 the the DT 7960 5384 8 vicious vicious JJ 7960 5384 9 crowds crowd NNS 7960 5384 10 of of IN 7960 5384 11 the the DT 7960 5384 12 larger large JJR 7960 5384 13 cities city NNS 7960 5384 14 to to IN 7960 5384 15 riots riot NNS 7960 5384 16 and and CC 7960 5384 17 disorders disorder NNS 7960 5384 18 , , , 7960 5384 19 in in IN 7960 5384 20 which which WDT 7960 5384 21 many many JJ 7960 5384 22 followers follower NNS 7960 5384 23 of of IN 7960 5384 24 the the DT 7960 5384 25 new new JJ 7960 5384 26 religion religion NN 7960 5384 27 lost lose VBD 7960 5384 28 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 5384 29 lives life NNS 7960 5384 30 . . . 7960 5385 1 ANTAGONISM antagonism NN 7960 5385 2 OF of IN 7960 5385 3 THE the DT 7960 5385 4 ROMAN ROMAN NNS 7960 5385 5 GOVERNMENT government NN 7960 5385 6 Such such JJ 7960 5385 7 outbursts outburst NNS 7960 5385 8 of of IN 7960 5385 9 mob mob NN 7960 5385 10 hatred hatred NN 7960 5385 11 were be VBD 7960 5385 12 only only RB 7960 5385 13 occasional occasional JJ 7960 5385 14 . . . 7960 5386 1 There there EX 7960 5386 2 would would MD 7960 5386 3 have have VB 7960 5386 4 been be VBN 7960 5386 5 no no RB 7960 5386 6 organized organized JJ 7960 5386 7 , , , 7960 5386 8 persistent persistent JJ 7960 5386 9 attack attack NN 7960 5386 10 , , , 7960 5386 11 if if IN 7960 5386 12 the the DT 7960 5386 13 imperial imperial JJ 7960 5386 14 government government NN 7960 5386 15 had have VBD 7960 5386 16 not not RB 7960 5386 17 taken take VBN 7960 5386 18 a a DT 7960 5386 19 hand hand NN 7960 5386 20 . . . 7960 5387 1 Rome Rome NNP 7960 5387 2 , , , 7960 5387 3 which which WDT 7960 5387 4 had have VBD 7960 5387 5 treated treat VBN 7960 5387 6 so so RB 7960 5387 7 many many JJ 7960 5387 8 other other JJ 7960 5387 9 foreign foreign JJ 7960 5387 10 faiths faith NNS 7960 5387 11 with with IN 7960 5387 12 careless careless JJ 7960 5387 13 indifference indifference NN 7960 5387 14 or or CC 7960 5387 15 even even RB 7960 5387 16 with with IN 7960 5387 17 favor favor NN 7960 5387 18 , , , 7960 5387 19 which which WDT 7960 5387 20 had have VBD 7960 5387 21 tolerated tolerate VBN 7960 5387 22 the the DT 7960 5387 23 Jews Jews NNPS 7960 5387 24 and and CC 7960 5387 25 granted grant VBN 7960 5387 26 to to IN 7960 5387 27 them -PRON- PRP 7960 5387 28 special special JJ 7960 5387 29 privileges privilege NNS 7960 5387 30 of of IN 7960 5387 31 worship worship NN 7960 5387 32 , , , 7960 5387 33 made make VBD 7960 5387 34 a a DT 7960 5387 35 deliberate deliberate JJ 7960 5387 36 effort effort NN 7960 5387 37 to to TO 7960 5387 38 crush crush VB 7960 5387 39 Christianity Christianity NNP 7960 5387 40 . . . 7960 5388 1 ATTITUDE attitude NN 7960 5388 2 OF of IN 7960 5388 3 THE the DT 7960 5388 4 CHRISTIANS christian NNS 7960 5388 5 TOWARD toward NN 7960 5388 6 PAGANISM PAGANISM NNP 7960 5388 7 Rome Rome NNP 7960 5388 8 entered enter VBD 7960 5388 9 on on IN 7960 5388 10 the the DT 7960 5388 11 persecutions persecution NNS 7960 5388 12 because because IN 7960 5388 13 it -PRON- PRP 7960 5388 14 saw see VBD 7960 5388 15 in in IN 7960 5388 16 Christianity Christianity NNP 7960 5388 17 that that IN 7960 5388 18 which which WDT 7960 5388 19 threatened threaten VBD 7960 5388 20 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 5388 21 own own JJ 7960 5388 22 existence existence NN 7960 5388 23 . . . 7960 5389 1 The the DT 7960 5389 2 Christians Christians NNPS 7960 5389 3 declined decline VBD 7960 5389 4 to to TO 7960 5389 5 support support VB 7960 5389 6 the the DT 7960 5389 7 state state NN 7960 5389 8 religion religion NN 7960 5389 9 ; ; : 7960 5389 10 they -PRON- PRP 7960 5389 11 even even RB 7960 5389 12 condemned condemn VBD 7960 5389 13 it -PRON- PRP 7960 5389 14 unsparingly unsparingly RB 7960 5389 15 as as IN 7960 5389 16 sinful sinful JJ 7960 5389 17 and and CC 7960 5389 18 idolatrous idolatrous JJ 7960 5389 19 . . . 7960 5390 1 The the DT 7960 5390 2 Christians Christians NNPS 7960 5390 3 , , , 7960 5390 4 moreover moreover RB 7960 5390 5 , , , 7960 5390 6 would 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5392 28 law law NN 7960 5392 29 . . . 7960 5393 1 In in IN 7960 5393 2 short short JJ 7960 5393 3 , , , 7960 5393 4 the the DT 7960 5393 5 members member NNS 7960 5393 6 of of IN 7960 5393 7 this this DT 7960 5393 8 new new JJ 7960 5393 9 sect sect NN 7960 5393 10 must must MD 7960 5393 11 have have VB 7960 5393 12 appeared appear VBN 7960 5393 13 very very RB 7960 5393 14 unruly unruly JJ 7960 5393 15 subjects subject NNS 7960 5393 16 who who WP 7960 5393 17 , , , 7960 5393 18 if if IN 7960 5393 19 allowed allow VBN 7960 5393 20 to to TO 7960 5393 21 become become VB 7960 5393 22 numerous numerous JJ 7960 5393 23 enough enough RB 7960 5393 24 , , , 7960 5393 25 would would MD 7960 5393 26 endanger endanger VB 7960 5393 27 the the DT 7960 5393 28 security security NN 7960 5393 29 of of IN 7960 5393 30 the the DT 7960 5393 31 government government NN 7960 5393 32 . . . 7960 5394 1 DIOCLETIAN DIOCLETIAN NNP 7960 5394 2 'S 's POS 7960 5394 3 PERSECUTION persecution NN 7960 5394 4 , , , 7960 5394 5 303 303 CD 7960 5394 6 - - SYM 7960 5394 7 311 311 CD 7960 5394 8 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 5394 9 As as RB 7960 5394 10 early early RB 7960 5394 11 as as IN 7960 5394 12 the the DT 7960 5394 13 beginning beginning NN 7960 5394 14 of of IN 7960 5394 15 the the DT 7960 5394 16 second second JJ 7960 5394 17 century century NN 7960 5394 18 Roman roman JJ 7960 5394 19 officials official NNS 7960 5394 20 began begin VBD 7960 5394 21 to to TO 7960 5394 22 search search VB 7960 5394 23 out out RP 7960 5394 24 and and CC 7960 5394 25 punish punish VB 7960 5394 26 Christians Christians NNPS 7960 5394 27 , , , 7960 5394 28 wherever wherever WRB 7960 5394 29 they -PRON- PRP 7960 5394 30 were be VBD 7960 5394 31 found find VBN 7960 5394 32 . . . 7960 5395 1 During during IN 7960 5395 2 the the DT 7960 5395 3 third third JJ 7960 5395 4 century century NN 7960 5395 5 the the DT 7960 5395 6 entire entire JJ 7960 5395 7 power power NN 7960 5395 8 of of IN 7960 5395 9 the the DT 7960 5395 10 imperial imperial JJ 7960 5395 11 government government NN 7960 5395 12 was be VBD 7960 5395 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NNP 7960 5435 1 Significant significant JJ 7960 5435 2 of of IN 7960 5435 3 the the DT 7960 5435 4 emperor emperor NN 7960 5435 5 's 's POS 7960 5435 6 attitude attitude NN 7960 5435 7 toward toward IN 7960 5435 8 Christianity Christianity NNP 7960 5435 9 was be VBD 7960 5435 10 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 5435 11 action action NN 7960 5435 12 in in IN 7960 5435 13 summoning summon VBG 7960 5435 14 all all PDT 7960 5435 15 the the DT 7960 5435 16 bishops bishop NNS 7960 5435 17 in in IN 7960 5435 18 the the DT 7960 5435 19 different different JJ 7960 5435 20 provinces province NNS 7960 5435 21 to to IN 7960 5435 22 a a DT 7960 5435 23 gathering gathering NN 7960 5435 24 at at IN 7960 5435 25 Nicaea Nicaea NNP 7960 5435 26 in in IN 7960 5435 27 Asia Asia NNP 7960 5435 28 Minor Minor NNP 7960 5435 29 . . . 7960 5436 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 5436 2 was be VBD 7960 5436 3 the the DT 7960 5436 4 first first JJ 7960 5436 5 general general JJ 7960 5436 6 council council NNP 7960 5436 7 of of IN 7960 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NNP 7960 5453 5 MORAL moral JJ 7960 5453 6 TEACHINGS teaching NNS 7960 5453 7 OF of IN 7960 5453 8 CHRISTIANITY CHRISTIANITY NNP 7960 5453 9 The the DT 7960 5453 10 new new JJ 7960 5453 11 religion religion NN 7960 5453 12 certainly certainly RB 7960 5453 13 helped help VBD 7960 5453 14 to to TO 7960 5453 15 soften soften VB 7960 5453 16 and and CC 7960 5453 17 refine refine VB 7960 5453 18 manners manner NNS 7960 5453 19 by by IN 7960 5453 20 the the DT 7960 5453 21 stress stress NN 7960 5453 22 which which WDT 7960 5453 23 it -PRON- PRP 7960 5453 24 laid lay VBD 7960 5453 25 upon upon IN 7960 5453 26 such such JJ 7960 5453 27 " " `` 7960 5453 28 Christian christian JJ 7960 5453 29 " " '' 7960 5453 30 virtues virtue NNS 7960 5453 31 as as IN 7960 5453 32 humility humility NN 7960 5453 33 , , , 7960 5453 34 tenderness tenderness NN 7960 5453 35 , , , 7960 5453 36 and and CC 7960 5453 37 gentleness gentleness NN 7960 5453 38 . . . 7960 5454 1 By by IN 7960 5454 2 dwelling dwell VBG 7960 5454 3 on on IN 7960 5454 4 the the DT 7960 5454 5 sanctity sanctity NN 7960 5454 6 of of IN 7960 5454 7 human human JJ 7960 5454 8 life life NN 7960 5454 9 , , , 7960 5454 10 Christianity Christianity NNP 7960 5454 11 did do VBD 7960 5454 12 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 5454 13 best good JJS 7960 5454 14 to to TO 7960 5454 15 repress repress VB 7960 5454 16 the the DT 7960 5454 17 very very RB 7960 5454 18 common common JJ 7960 5454 19 practice practice NN 7960 5454 20 of of IN 7960 5454 21 suicide suicide NN 7960 5454 22 as as RB 7960 5454 23 well well RB 7960 5454 24 as as IN 7960 5454 25 the the DT 7960 5454 26 frightful frightful JJ 7960 5454 27 evil evil NN 7960 5454 28 of of IN 7960 5454 29 infanticide infanticide NN 7960 5454 30 . . . 7960 5455 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 5455 2 25 25 CD 7960 5455 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 5455 4 It -PRON- PRP 7960 5455 5 set set VBD 7960 5455 6 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 5455 7 face face NN 7960 5455 8 sternly sternly RB 7960 5455 9 against against IN 7960 5455 10 the the DT 7960 5455 11 obscenities obscenity NNS 7960 5455 12 of of IN 7960 5455 13 the the DT 7960 5455 14 theater theater NN 7960 5455 15 and and CC 7960 5455 16 the the DT 7960 5455 17 cruelties cruelty NNS 7960 5455 18 of of IN 7960 5455 19 the the DT 7960 5455 20 gladiatorial gladiatorial JJ 7960 5455 21 shows show NNS 7960 5455 22 . . . 7960 5456 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 5456 2 26 26 CD 7960 5456 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 5456 4 In in IN 7960 5456 5 these these DT 7960 5456 6 and and CC 7960 5456 7 other other JJ 7960 5456 8 respects respect VBZ 7960 5456 9 Christianity Christianity NNP 7960 5456 10 had have VBD 7960 5456 11 much much JJ 7960 5456 12 to to TO 7960 5456 13 do do VB 7960 5456 14 with with IN 7960 5456 15 the the DT 7960 5456 16 improvement improvement NN 7960 5456 17 of of IN 7960 5456 18 ancient ancient JJ 7960 5456 19 morals moral NNS 7960 5456 20 . . . 7960 5457 1 SOCIAL social JJ 7960 5457 2 TEACHINGS teaching NNS 7960 5457 3 OF of IN 7960 5457 4 CHRISTIANITY CHRISTIANITY NNP 7960 5457 5 Perhaps perhaps RB 7960 5457 6 even even RB 7960 5457 7 more more RBR 7960 5457 8 original original JJ 7960 5457 9 contributions contribution NNS 7960 5457 10 of of IN 7960 5457 11 Christianity Christianity NNP 7960 5457 12 to to IN 7960 5457 13 civilization civilization NN 7960 5457 14 lay lie VBD 7960 5457 15 in in IN 7960 5457 16 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 5457 17 social social JJ 7960 5457 18 teachings teaching NNS 7960 5457 19 . . . 7960 5458 1 The the DT 7960 5458 2 belief belief NN 7960 5458 3 in in IN 7960 5458 4 the the DT 7960 5458 5 fatherhood fatherhood NN 7960 5458 6 of of IN 7960 5458 7 God God NNP 7960 5458 8 implied imply VBD 7960 5458 9 a a DT 7960 5458 10 corresponding corresponding JJ 7960 5458 11 belief belief NN 7960 5458 12 in in IN 7960 5458 13 the the DT 7960 5458 14 brotherhood brotherhood NNP 7960 5458 15 of of IN 7960 5458 16 man man NNP 7960 5458 17 . . . 7960 5459 1 This this DT 7960 5459 2 doctrine doctrine NN 7960 5459 3 of of IN 7960 5459 4 the the DT 7960 5459 5 equality equality NN 7960 5459 6 of of IN 7960 5459 7 men man NNS 7960 5459 8 had have VBD 7960 5459 9 been be VBN 7960 5459 10 expressed express VBN 7960 5459 11 before before RB 7960 5459 12 by by IN 7960 5459 13 ancient ancient JJ 7960 5459 14 philosophers philosopher NNS 7960 5459 15 , , , 7960 5459 16 but but CC 7960 5459 17 Christianity Christianity NNP 7960 5459 18 translated translate VBD 7960 5459 19 the the DT 7960 5459 20 precept precept NN 7960 5459 21 into into IN 7960 5459 22 practice practice NN 7960 5459 23 . . . 7960 5460 1 In in IN 7960 5460 2 this this DT 7960 5460 3 way way NN 7960 5460 4 it -PRON- PRP 7960 5460 5 helped help VBD 7960 5460 6 to to TO 7960 5460 7 improve improve VB 7960 5460 8 the the DT 7960 5460 9 condition condition NN 7960 5460 10 of of IN 7960 5460 11 slaves slave NNS 7960 5460 12 and and CC 7960 5460 13 , , , 7960 5460 14 by by IN 7960 5460 15 favoring favor VBG 7960 5460 16 emancipation emancipation NN 7960 5460 17 , , , 7960 5460 18 even even RB 7960 5460 19 tended tend VBD 7960 5460 20 to to TO 7960 5460 21 decrease decrease VB 7960 5460 22 slavery slavery NN 7960 5460 23 . . . 7960 5461 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 5461 2 27 27 CD 7960 5461 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 5461 4 Christianity Christianity NNP 7960 5461 5 also also RB 7960 5461 6 laid lay VBD 7960 5461 7 much much JJ 7960 5461 8 emphasis emphasis NN 7960 5461 9 on on IN 7960 5461 10 the the DT 7960 5461 11 virtue virtue NN 7960 5461 12 of of IN 7960 5461 13 charity charity NN 7960 5461 14 and and CC 7960 5461 15 the the DT 7960 5461 16 duty duty NN 7960 5461 17 of of IN 7960 5461 18 supporting support VBG 7960 5461 19 all all DT 7960 5461 20 institutions institution NNS 7960 5461 21 which which WDT 7960 5461 22 aimed aim VBD 7960 5461 23 to to TO 7960 5461 24 relieve relieve VB 7960 5461 25 the the DT 7960 5461 26 lot lot NN 7960 5461 27 of of IN 7960 5461 28 the the DT 7960 5461 29 poor poor JJ 7960 5461 30 , , , 7960 5461 31 the the DT 7960 5461 32 sick sick JJ 7960 5461 33 , , , 7960 5461 34 and and CC 7960 5461 35 the the DT 7960 5461 36 downtrodden downtrodden NN 7960 5461 37 . . . 7960 5462 1 CHRISTIANITY CHRISTIANITY NNP 7960 5462 2 AND and CC 7960 5462 3 THE the DT 7960 5462 4 GERMANS german NNS 7960 5462 5 At at IN 7960 5462 6 the the DT 7960 5462 7 close close NN 7960 5462 8 of of IN 7960 5462 9 the the DT 7960 5462 10 fourth fourth JJ 7960 5462 11 century century NN 7960 5462 12 the the DT 7960 5462 13 Germanic germanic JJ 7960 5462 14 tribes tribe NNS 7960 5462 15 living live VBG 7960 5462 16 nearest nearest IN 7960 5462 17 the the DT 7960 5462 18 frontiers frontier NNS 7960 5462 19 had have VBD 7960 5462 20 been be VBN 7960 5462 21 visited visit VBN 7960 5462 22 by by IN 7960 5462 23 missionaries missionary NNS 7960 5462 24 and and CC 7960 5462 25 had have VBD 7960 5462 26 become become VBN 7960 5462 27 converts convert NNS 7960 5462 28 to to IN 7960 5462 29 Christianity Christianity NNP 7960 5462 30 . . . 7960 5463 1 The the DT 7960 5463 2 fact fact NN 7960 5463 3 that that IN 7960 5463 4 both both CC 7960 5463 5 Romans Romans NNPS 7960 5463 6 and and CC 7960 5463 7 Germans Germans NNPS 7960 5463 8 were be VBD 7960 5463 9 Christians Christians NNPS 7960 5463 10 tended tend VBD 7960 5463 11 to to TO 7960 5463 12 lessen lessen VB 7960 5463 13 the the DT 7960 5463 14 terrors terror NNS 7960 5463 15 of of IN 7960 5463 16 the the DT 7960 5463 17 invasions invasion NNS 7960 5463 18 and and CC 7960 5463 19 to to TO 7960 5463 20 bring bring VB 7960 5463 21 about about RP 7960 5463 22 a a DT 7960 5463 23 peaceful peaceful JJ 7960 5463 24 fusion fusion NN 7960 5463 25 of of IN 7960 5463 26 the the DT 7960 5463 27 conquerors conqueror NNS 7960 5463 28 and and CC 7960 5463 29 the the DT 7960 5463 30 conquered conquer VBN 7960 5463 31 . . . 7960 5464 1 STUDIES STUDIES NNP 7960 5464 2 1 1 CD 7960 5464 3 . . . 7960 5465 1 On on IN 7960 5465 2 an an DT 7960 5465 3 outline outline NN 7960 5465 4 map map NN 7960 5465 5 indicate indicate VBP 7960 5465 6 the the DT 7960 5465 7 territories territory NNS 7960 5465 8 of of IN 7960 5465 9 the the DT 7960 5465 10 Roman Roman NNP 7960 5465 11 Empire Empire NNP 7960 5465 12 and and CC 7960 5465 13 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 5465 14 division division NN 7960 5465 15 , , , 7960 5465 16 395 395 CD 7960 5465 17 A a NN 7960 5465 18 D. D. NNP 7960 5465 19 2 2 CD 7960 5465 20 . . . 7960 5466 1 What what WP 7960 5466 2 is be VBZ 7960 5466 3 the the DT 7960 5466 4 date date NN 7960 5466 5 of of IN 7960 5466 6 the the DT 7960 5466 7 accession accession NN 7960 5466 8 of of IN 7960 5466 9 the the DT 7960 5466 10 emperor emperor NN 7960 5466 11 Commodus Commodus NNP 7960 5466 12 ? ? . 7960 5467 1 of of IN 7960 5467 2 the the DT 7960 5467 3 accession accession NN 7960 5467 4 of of IN 7960 5467 5 Diocletian Diocletian NNP 7960 5467 6 ? ? . 7960 5468 1 of of IN 7960 5468 2 the the DT 7960 5468 3 death death NN 7960 5468 4 of of IN 7960 5468 5 Theodosius Theodosius NNP 7960 5468 6 ? ? . 7960 5469 1 of of IN 7960 5469 2 the the DT 7960 5469 3 Edict Edict NNP 7960 5469 4 of of IN 7960 5469 5 Milan Milan NNP 7960 5469 6 ? ? . 7960 5470 1 of of IN 7960 5470 2 the the DT 7960 5470 3 Council Council NNP 7960 5470 4 of of IN 7960 5470 5 Nicaea Nicaea NNP 7960 5470 6 ? ? . 7960 5471 1 3 3 LS 7960 5471 2 . . . 7960 5472 1 What what WDT 7960 5472 2 elements element NNS 7960 5472 3 of of IN 7960 5472 4 weakness weakness NN 7960 5472 5 in in IN 7960 5472 6 the the DT 7960 5472 7 imperial imperial JJ 7960 5472 8 system system NN 7960 5472 9 had have VBD 7960 5472 10 been be VBN 7960 5472 11 disclosed disclose VBN 7960 5472 12 during during IN 7960 5472 13 the the DT 7960 5472 14 century century NN 7960 5472 15 180 180 CD 7960 5472 16 - - HYPH 7960 5472 17 284 284 CD 7960 5472 18 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 5472 19 ? ? . 7960 5473 1 4 4 LS 7960 5473 2 . . . 7960 5474 1 Explain explain VB 7960 5474 2 Diocletian Diocletian NNP 7960 5474 3 's 's POS 7960 5474 4 plan plan NN 7960 5474 5 of of IN 7960 5474 6 " " `` 7960 5474 7 partnership partnership NN 7960 5474 8 emperors emperor NNS 7960 5474 9 . . . 7960 5474 10 " " '' 7960 5475 1 5 5 CD 7960 5475 2 . . . 7960 5476 1 Define define VB 7960 5476 2 the the DT 7960 5476 3 terms term NNS 7960 5476 4 _ _ NNP 7960 5476 5 absolutism absolutism NN 7960 5476 6 _ _ NNP 7960 5476 7 and and CC 7960 5476 8 _ _ NNP 7960 5476 9 centralization centralization NN 7960 5476 10 _ _ NNP 7960 5476 11 . . . 7960 5477 1 Give give VB 7960 5477 2 an an DT 7960 5477 3 example example NN 7960 5477 4 of of IN 7960 5477 5 a a DT 7960 5477 6 European european JJ 7960 5477 7 country country NN 7960 5477 8 under under IN 7960 5477 9 a a DT 7960 5477 10 centralized centralized JJ 7960 5477 11 administration administration NN 7960 5477 12 ; ; : 7960 5477 13 of of IN 7960 5477 14 a a DT 7960 5477 15 European european JJ 7960 5477 16 country country NN 7960 5477 17 under under IN 7960 5477 18 an an DT 7960 5477 19 absolute absolute JJ 7960 5477 20 government government NN 7960 5477 21 . . . 7960 5478 1 6 6 CD 7960 5478 2 . . . 7960 5479 1 What what WP 7960 5479 2 are be VBP 7960 5479 3 the the DT 7960 5479 4 advantages advantage NNS 7960 5479 5 of of IN 7960 5479 6 local local JJ 7960 5479 7 self self NN 7960 5479 8 - - HYPH 7960 5479 9 government government NN 7960 5479 10 over over IN 7960 5479 11 a a DT 7960 5479 12 centralized centralized JJ 7960 5479 13 government government NN 7960 5479 14 ? ? . 7960 5480 1 7 7 LS 7960 5480 2 . . . 7960 5481 1 " " `` 7960 5481 2 The the DT 7960 5481 3 emperor emperor NN 7960 5481 4 of of IN 7960 5481 5 the the DT 7960 5481 6 first first JJ 7960 5481 7 century century NN 7960 5481 8 was be VBD 7960 5481 9 a a DT 7960 5481 10 _ _ NNP 7960 5481 11 Prince Prince NNP 7960 5481 12 _ _ NNP 7960 5481 13 , , , 7960 5481 14 that that RB 7960 5481 15 is is RB 7960 5481 16 , , , 7960 5481 17 ' ' `` 7960 5481 18 first first JJ 7960 5481 19 citizen citizen NN 7960 5481 20 ' ' '' 7960 5481 21 ; ; : 7960 5481 22 the the DT 7960 5481 23 emperor emperor NN 7960 5481 24 of of IN 7960 5481 25 the the DT 7960 5481 26 fourth fourth JJ 7960 5481 27 century century NN 7960 5481 28 was be VBD 7960 5481 29 a a DT 7960 5481 30 _ _ NNP 7960 5481 31 Sultan Sultan NNP 7960 5481 32 _ _ NNP 7960 5481 33 . . . 7960 5481 34 " " '' 7960 5482 1 Comment comment NN 7960 5482 2 on on IN 7960 5482 3 this this DT 7960 5482 4 statement statement NN 7960 5482 5 . . . 7960 5483 1 8 8 LS 7960 5483 2 . . . 7960 5484 1 What what WDT 7960 5484 2 arguments argument NNS 7960 5484 3 might may MD 7960 5484 4 have have VB 7960 5484 5 been be VBN 7960 5484 6 made make VBN 7960 5484 7 for for IN 7960 5484 8 and and CC 7960 5484 9 against against IN 7960 5484 10 the the DT 7960 5484 11 removal removal NN 7960 5484 12 of of IN 7960 5484 13 the the DT 7960 5484 14 capital capital NN 7960 5484 15 to to IN 7960 5484 16 Constantinople Constantinople NNP 7960 5484 17 ? ? . 7960 5485 1 9 9 CD 7960 5485 2 . . . 7960 5486 1 Enumerate enumerate VB 7960 5486 2 the the DT 7960 5486 3 causes cause NNS 7960 5486 4 of of IN 7960 5486 5 the the DT 7960 5486 6 decline decline NN 7960 5486 7 of of IN 7960 5486 8 population population NN 7960 5486 9 in in IN 7960 5486 10 imperial imperial JJ 7960 5486 11 times time NNS 7960 5486 12 . . . 7960 5487 1 10 10 CD 7960 5487 2 . . . 7960 5488 1 Show show VB 7960 5488 2 how how WRB 7960 5488 3 an an DT 7960 5488 4 unwise unwise JJ 7960 5488 5 system system NN 7960 5488 6 of of IN 7960 5488 7 taxation taxation NN 7960 5488 8 may may MD 7960 5488 9 work work VB 7960 5488 10 great great JJ 7960 5488 11 economic economic JJ 7960 5488 12 injury injury NN 7960 5488 13 . . . 7960 5489 1 11 11 CD 7960 5489 2 . . . 7960 5490 1 Give give VB 7960 5490 2 reasons reason NNS 7960 5490 3 for for IN 7960 5490 4 the the DT 7960 5490 5 decline decline NN 7960 5490 6 of of IN 7960 5490 7 Greek Greek NNP 7960 5490 8 and and CC 7960 5490 9 Roman roman JJ 7960 5490 10 paganism paganism NN 7960 5490 11 . . . 7960 5491 1 12 12 CD 7960 5491 2 . . . 7960 5492 1 Why why WRB 7960 5492 2 should should MD 7960 5492 3 Mithraism Mithraism NNP 7960 5492 4 have have VB 7960 5492 5 proved prove VBN 7960 5492 6 " " `` 7960 5492 7 the the DT 7960 5492 8 most most RBS 7960 5492 9 formidable formidable JJ 7960 5492 10 foe foe NN 7960 5492 11 which which WDT 7960 5492 12 Christianity Christianity NNP 7960 5492 13 had have VBD 7960 5492 14 to to TO 7960 5492 15 overcome overcome VB 7960 5492 16 " " '' 7960 5492 17 ? ? . 7960 5493 1 13 13 CD 7960 5493 2 . . . 7960 5494 1 Were be VBD 7960 5494 2 any any DT 7960 5494 3 of of IN 7960 5494 4 the the DT 7960 5494 5 ancient ancient JJ 7960 5494 6 religions religion NNS 7960 5494 7 missionary missionary JJ 7960 5494 8 faiths faith NNS 7960 5494 9 ? ? . 7960 5495 1 14 14 CD 7960 5495 2 . . . 7960 5496 1 When when WRB 7960 5496 2 and and CC 7960 5496 3 where where WRB 7960 5496 4 was be VBD 7960 5496 5 Jesus Jesus NNP 7960 5496 6 born bear VBN 7960 5496 7 ? ? . 7960 5497 1 Who who WP 7960 5497 2 was be VBD 7960 5497 3 king king NN 7960 5497 4 of of IN 7960 5497 5 Judea Judea NNP 7960 5497 6 at at IN 7960 5497 7 the the DT 7960 5497 8 time time NN 7960 5497 9 ? ? . 7960 5498 1 Were be VBD 7960 5498 2 the the DT 7960 5498 3 Jews Jews NNPS 7960 5498 4 independent independent JJ 7960 5498 5 of of IN 7960 5498 6 Rome Rome NNP 7960 5498 7 during during IN 7960 5498 8 the the DT 7960 5498 9 lifetime lifetime NN 7960 5498 10 of of IN 7960 5498 11 Jesus Jesus NNP 7960 5498 12 ? ? . 7960 5499 1 15 15 CD 7960 5499 2 . . . 7960 5500 1 Locate locate VB 7960 5500 2 on on IN 7960 5500 3 the the DT 7960 5500 4 map map NN 7960 5500 5 , , , 7960 5500 6 facing face VBG 7960 5500 7 page page NN 7960 5500 8 230 230 CD 7960 5500 9 , , , 7960 5500 10 the the DT 7960 5500 11 three three CD 7960 5500 12 divisions division NNS 7960 5500 13 of of IN 7960 5500 14 Palestine Palestine NNP 7960 5500 15 at at IN 7960 5500 16 the the DT 7960 5500 17 time time NN 7960 5500 18 of of IN 7960 5500 19 Christ Christ NNP 7960 5500 20 . . . 7960 5501 1 16 16 CD 7960 5501 2 . . . 7960 5502 1 To to IN 7960 5502 2 what what WDT 7960 5502 3 cities city NNS 7960 5502 4 of of IN 7960 5502 5 Asia Asia NNP 7960 5502 6 Minor Minor NNP 7960 5502 7 did do VBD 7960 5502 8 Paul Paul NNP 7960 5502 9 write write VB 7960 5502 10 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 5502 11 epistles epistle NNS 7960 5502 12 , , , 7960 5502 13 or or CC 7960 5502 14 letters letter NNS 7960 5502 15 ? ? . 7960 5503 1 To to IN 7960 5503 2 what what WDT 7960 5503 3 other other JJ 7960 5503 4 cities city NNS 7960 5503 5 in in IN 7960 5503 6 the the DT 7960 5503 7 Roman roman JJ 7960 5503 8 Empire empire NN 7960 5503 9 ? ? . 7960 5504 1 17 17 CD 7960 5504 2 . . . 7960 5505 1 What what WP 7960 5505 2 was be VBD 7960 5505 3 the the DT 7960 5505 4 original original JJ 7960 5505 5 meaning meaning NN 7960 5505 6 of of IN 7960 5505 7 the the DT 7960 5505 8 words word NNS 7960 5505 9 " " `` 7960 5505 10 presbyter presbyter NN 7960 5505 11 , , , 7960 5505 12 " " '' 7960 5505 13 " " `` 7960 5505 14 bishop bishop NN 7960 5505 15 , , , 7960 5505 16 " " '' 7960 5505 17 and and CC 7960 5505 18 " " `` 7960 5505 19 deacon deacon JJ 7960 5505 20 " " '' 7960 5505 21 ? ? . 7960 5506 1 18 18 CD 7960 5506 2 . . . 7960 5507 1 What what WP 7960 5507 2 is be VBZ 7960 5507 3 meant mean VBN 7960 5507 4 by by IN 7960 5507 5 calling call VBG 7960 5507 6 the the DT 7960 5507 7 Church Church NNP 7960 5507 8 an an DT 7960 5507 9 episcopal episcopal JJ 7960 5507 10 organization organization NN 7960 5507 11 ? ? . 7960 5508 1 19 19 CD 7960 5508 2 . . . 7960 5509 1 How how WRB 7960 5509 2 can can MD 7960 5509 3 you -PRON- PRP 7960 5509 4 explain explain VB 7960 5509 5 the the DT 7960 5509 6 persecution persecution NN 7960 5509 7 of of IN 7960 5509 8 the the DT 7960 5509 9 Christians Christians NNPS 7960 5509 10 by by IN 7960 5509 11 an an DT 7960 5509 12 emperor emperor NN 7960 5509 13 so so RB 7960 5509 14 great great JJ 7960 5509 15 and and CC 7960 5509 16 good good JJ 7960 5509 17 as as IN 7960 5509 18 Marcus Marcus NNP 7960 5509 19 Aurelius Aurelius NNP 7960 5509 20 ? ? . 7960 5510 1 20 20 CD 7960 5510 2 . . . 7960 5511 1 What what WP 7960 5511 2 is be VBZ 7960 5511 3 the the DT 7960 5511 4 meaning meaning NN 7960 5511 5 of of IN 7960 5511 6 the the DT 7960 5511 7 word word NN 7960 5511 8 " " `` 7960 5511 9 martyr martyr NN 7960 5511 10 " " '' 7960 5511 11 ? ? . 7960 5512 1 21 21 CD 7960 5512 2 . . . 7960 5513 1 " " `` 7960 5513 2 The the DT 7960 5513 3 blood blood NN 7960 5513 4 of of IN 7960 5513 5 the the DT 7960 5513 6 martyrs martyr NNS 7960 5513 7 is be VBZ 7960 5513 8 the the DT 7960 5513 9 seed seed NN 7960 5513 10 of of IN 7960 5513 11 the the DT 7960 5513 12 Church Church NNP 7960 5513 13 . . . 7960 5513 14 " " '' 7960 5514 1 Explain explain VB 7960 5514 2 . . . 7960 5515 1 22 22 CD 7960 5515 2 . . . 7960 5516 1 Describe describe VB 7960 5516 2 the the DT 7960 5516 3 _ _ NNP 7960 5516 4 Labarum Labarum NNP 7960 5516 5 _ _ NNP 7960 5516 6 ( ( -LRB- 7960 5516 7 illustration illustration NN 7960 5516 8 , , , 7960 5516 9 page page NN 7960 5516 10 235 235 CD 7960 5516 11 ) ) -RRB- 7960 5516 12 . . . 7960 5517 1 23 23 CD 7960 5517 2 . . . 7960 5518 1 What what WDT 7960 5518 2 reasons reason NNS 7960 5518 3 suggest suggest VBP 7960 5518 4 themselves -PRON- PRP 7960 5518 5 as as IN 7960 5518 6 helping help VBG 7960 5518 7 to to TO 7960 5518 8 explain explain VB 7960 5518 9 the the DT 7960 5518 10 conversion conversion NN 7960 5518 11 of of IN 7960 5518 12 the the DT 7960 5518 13 civilized civilized JJ 7960 5518 14 world world NN 7960 5518 15 to to IN 7960 5518 16 Christianity Christianity NNP 7960 5518 17 ? ? . 7960 5519 1 FOOTNOTES footnote NNS 7960 5519 2 [ [ -LRB- 7960 5519 3 1 1 CD 7960 5519 4 ] ] -RRB- 7960 5519 5 See see VB 7960 5519 6 page page NN 7960 5519 7 200 200 CD 7960 5519 8 . . . 7960 5520 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 5520 2 2 2 LS 7960 5520 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 5520 4 See see VB 7960 5520 5 pages page NNS 7960 5520 6 184 184 CD 7960 5520 7 , , , 7960 5520 8 194 194 CD 7960 5520 9 . . . 7960 5521 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 5521 2 3 3 LS 7960 5521 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 5521 4 Vopiscus Vopiscus NNP 7960 5521 5 , , , 7960 5521 6 _ _ NNP 7960 5521 7 Saturninus Saturninus NNP 7960 5521 8 _ _ NNP 7960 5521 9 , , , 7960 5521 10 10 10 CD 7960 5521 11 . . . 7960 5522 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 5522 2 4 4 LS 7960 5522 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 5522 4 The the DT 7960 5522 5 number number NN 7960 5522 6 and and CC 7960 5522 7 arrangement arrangement NN 7960 5522 8 of of IN 7960 5522 9 these these DT 7960 5522 10 divisions division NNS 7960 5522 11 varied vary VBD 7960 5522 12 somewhat somewhat RB 7960 5522 13 during during IN 7960 5522 14 the the DT 7960 5522 15 fourth fourth JJ 7960 5522 16 century century NN 7960 5522 17 . . . 7960 5523 1 See see VB 7960 5523 2 the the DT 7960 5523 3 map map NN 7960 5523 4 , , , 7960 5523 5 between between IN 7960 5523 6 pages page NNS 7960 5523 7 222 222 CD 7960 5523 8 - - SYM 7960 5523 9 223 223 CD 7960 5523 10 , , , 7960 5523 11 for for IN 7960 5523 12 the the DT 7960 5523 13 system system NN 7960 5523 14 as as IN 7960 5523 15 it -PRON- PRP 7960 5523 16 existed exist VBD 7960 5523 17 about about RB 7960 5523 18 395 395 CD 7960 5523 19 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 5523 20 [ [ -LRB- 7960 5523 21 5 5 CD 7960 5523 22 ] ] -RRB- 7960 5523 23 See see VB 7960 5523 24 page page NN 7960 5523 25 186 186 CD 7960 5523 26 . . . 7960 5524 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 5524 2 6 6 CD 7960 5524 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 5524 4 See see VB 7960 5524 5 page page NN 7960 5524 6 88 88 CD 7960 5524 7 . . . 7960 5525 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 5525 2 7 7 LS 7960 5525 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 5525 4 See see VB 7960 5525 5 the the DT 7960 5525 6 map map NN 7960 5525 7 , , , 7960 5525 8 page page NN 7960 5525 9 340 340 CD 7960 5525 10 . . . 7960 5526 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 5526 2 8 8 CD 7960 5526 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 5526 4 Until until IN 7960 5526 5 the the DT 7960 5526 6 capture capture NN 7960 5526 7 of of IN 7960 5526 8 the the DT 7960 5526 9 city city NN 7960 5526 10 by by IN 7960 5526 11 the the DT 7960 5526 12 Ottoman Ottoman NNP 7960 5526 13 Turks Turks NNPS 7960 5526 14 in in IN 7960 5526 15 1453 1453 CD 7960 5526 16 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 5526 17 [ [ -LRB- 7960 5526 18 9 9 CD 7960 5526 19 ] ] -RRB- 7960 5526 20 See see VB 7960 5526 21 pages page NNS 7960 5526 22 200 200 CD 7960 5526 23 , , , 7960 5526 24 219 219 CD 7960 5526 25 . . . 7960 5527 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 5527 2 10 10 CD 7960 5527 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 5527 4 See see VB 7960 5527 5 page page NN 7960 5527 6 77 77 CD 7960 5527 7 . . . 7960 5528 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 5528 2 11 11 CD 7960 5528 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 5528 4 See see VB 7960 5528 5 page page NN 7960 5528 6 196 196 CD 7960 5528 7 . . . 7960 5529 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 5529 2 12 12 CD 7960 5529 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 5529 4 See see VB 7960 5529 5 page page NN 7960 5529 6 201 201 CD 7960 5529 7 . . . 7960 5530 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 5530 2 13 13 CD 7960 5530 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 5530 4 See see VB 7960 5530 5 the the DT 7960 5530 6 map map NN 7960 5530 7 , , , 7960 5530 8 page page NN 7960 5530 9 107 107 CD 7960 5530 10 . . . 7960 5531 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 5531 2 14 14 CD 7960 5531 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 5531 4 Isocrates Isocrates NNPS 7960 5531 5 , , , 7960 5531 6 _ _ NNP 7960 5531 7 Panegyricus Panegyricus NNP 7960 5531 8 _ _ NNP 7960 5531 9 , , , 7960 5531 10 29 29 CD 7960 5531 11 . . . 7960 5532 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 5532 2 15 15 CD 7960 5532 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 5532 4 See see VB 7960 5532 5 page page NN 7960 5532 6 54 54 CD 7960 5532 7 . . . 7960 5533 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 5533 2 16 16 CD 7960 5533 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 5533 4 _ _ NNP 7960 5533 5 Soli Soli NNP 7960 5533 6 Invicto Invicto NNP 7960 5533 7 Mithrae Mithrae NNP 7960 5533 8 . . . 7960 5533 9 _ _ NNP 7960 5533 10 An an DT 7960 5533 11 interesting interesting JJ 7960 5533 12 survival survival NN 7960 5533 13 of of IN 7960 5533 14 Mithra Mithra NNP 7960 5533 15 worship worship NN 7960 5533 16 is be VBZ 7960 5533 17 the the DT 7960 5533 18 date date NN 7960 5533 19 of of IN 7960 5533 20 our -PRON- PRP$ 7960 5533 21 festival festival NN 7960 5533 22 of of IN 7960 5533 23 Christmas Christmas NNP 7960 5533 24 . . . 7960 5534 1 The the DT 7960 5534 2 25th 25th NN 7960 5534 3 of of IN 7960 5534 4 December December NNP 7960 5534 5 was be VBD 7960 5534 6 the the DT 7960 5534 7 day day NN 7960 5534 8 of of IN 7960 5534 9 the the DT 7960 5534 10 great great JJ 7960 5534 11 annual annual JJ 7960 5534 12 celebration celebration NN 7960 5534 13 in in IN 7960 5534 14 memory memory NN 7960 5534 15 of of IN 7960 5534 16 the the DT 7960 5534 17 Persian persian JJ 7960 5534 18 deity deity NN 7960 5534 19 . . . 7960 5535 1 In in IN 7960 5535 2 274 274 CD 7960 5535 3 A.D. 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to to TO 7960 5573 15 corrupt corrupt VB 7960 5573 16 and and CC 7960 5573 17 be be VB 7960 5573 18 corrupted corrupt VBN 7960 5573 19 . . . 7960 5574 1 Good good JJ 7960 5574 2 habits habit NNS 7960 5574 3 are be VBP 7960 5574 4 here here RB 7960 5574 5 more more RBR 7960 5574 6 effectual effectual JJ 7960 5574 7 than than IN 7960 5574 8 good good JJ 7960 5574 9 laws law NNS 7960 5574 10 elsewhere elsewhere RB 7960 5574 11 . . . 7960 5574 12 " " '' 7960 5575 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 5575 2 2 2 LS 7960 5575 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 5575 4 The the DT 7960 5575 5 Germans Germans NNPS 7960 5575 6 , , , 7960 5575 7 then then RB 7960 5575 8 , , , 7960 5575 9 were be VBD 7960 5575 10 strong strong JJ 7960 5575 11 and and CC 7960 5575 12 brave brave JJ 7960 5575 13 , , , 7960 5575 14 hardy hardy JJ 7960 5575 15 , , , 7960 5575 16 chaste chaste JJ 7960 5575 17 , , , 7960 5575 18 and and CC 7960 5575 19 free free JJ 7960 5575 20 . . . 7960 5576 1 PROGRESS progress NN 7960 5576 2 OF of IN 7960 5576 3 THE the DT 7960 5576 4 GERMANS german NNS 7960 5576 5 The the DT 7960 5576 6 Germans Germans NNPS 7960 5576 7 , , , 7960 5576 8 during during IN 7960 5576 9 the the DT 7960 5576 10 three three CD 7960 5576 11 centuries century NNS 7960 5576 12 between between IN 7960 5576 13 the the DT 7960 5576 14 time time NN 7960 5576 15 of of IN 7960 5576 16 Tacitus Tacitus NNP 7960 5576 17 and and CC 7960 5576 18 the the DT 7960 5576 19 beginning beginning NN 7960 5576 20 of of IN 7960 5576 21 the the DT 7960 5576 22 invasions invasion NNS 7960 5576 23 , , , 7960 5576 24 had have VBD 7960 5576 25 advanced advance VBN 7960 5576 26 somewhat somewhat RB 7960 5576 27 in in IN 7960 5576 28 civilization civilization NN 7960 5576 29 . . . 7960 5577 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 5577 2 were be VBD 7960 5577 3 learning learn VBG 7960 5577 4 to to TO 7960 5577 5 live live VB 7960 5577 6 in in IN 7960 5577 7 towns town NNS 7960 5577 8 instead instead RB 7960 5577 9 of of IN 7960 5577 10 in in IN 7960 5577 11 rude rude JJ 7960 5577 12 villages village NNS 7960 5577 13 , , , 7960 5577 14 to to TO 7960 5577 15 read read VB 7960 5577 16 and and CC 7960 5577 17 write write VB 7960 5577 18 , , , 7960 5577 19 to to TO 7960 5577 20 make make VB 7960 5577 21 better well JJR 7960 5577 22 weapons weapon NNS 7960 5577 23 and and CC 7960 5577 24 clothes clothe NNS 7960 5577 25 , , , 7960 5577 26 to to TO 7960 5577 27 use use VB 7960 5577 28 money money NN 7960 5577 29 , , , 7960 5577 30 and and CC 7960 5577 31 to to TO 7960 5577 32 enjoy enjoy VB 7960 5577 33 many many JJ 7960 5577 34 Roman roman JJ 7960 5577 35 luxuries luxury NNS 7960 5577 36 , , , 7960 5577 37 such such JJ 7960 5577 38 as as IN 7960 5577 39 wine wine NN 7960 5577 40 , , , 7960 5577 41 spices spice NNS 7960 5577 42 , , , 7960 5577 43 and and CC 7960 5577 44 ornaments ornament NNS 7960 5577 45 . . . 7960 5578 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 5578 2 were be VBD 7960 5578 3 likewise likewise RB 7960 5578 4 uniting unite VBG 7960 5578 5 in in IN 7960 5578 6 great 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7960 5593 4 the the DT 7960 5593 5 empire empire NN 7960 5593 6 was be VBD 7960 5593 7 still still RB 7960 5593 8 the the DT 7960 5593 9 same same JJ 7960 5593 10 , , , 7960 5593 11 but but CC 7960 5593 12 it -PRON- PRP 7960 5593 13 had have VBD 7960 5593 14 lost lose VBN 7960 5593 15 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 5593 16 vigor vigor NN 7960 5593 17 and and CC 7960 5593 18 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 5593 19 vitality vitality NN 7960 5593 20 . . . 7960 5594 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 5594 2 3 3 CD 7960 5594 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 5594 4 83 83 CD 7960 5594 5 . . . 7960 5595 1 BREAKING breaking NN 7960 5595 2 OF of IN 7960 5595 3 THE the DT 7960 5595 4 DANUBE DANUBE NNP 7960 5595 5 BARRIER BARRIER NNP 7960 5595 6 THE the DT 7960 5595 7 GOTHS goths NN 7960 5595 8 North north NN 7960 5595 9 of of IN 7960 5595 10 the the DT 7960 5595 11 Danube Danube NNP 7960 5595 12 lived live VBD 7960 5595 13 , , , 7960 5595 14 near near IN 7960 5595 15 the the DT 7960 5595 16 close close NN 7960 5595 17 of of IN 7960 5595 18 the the DT 7960 5595 19 fourth fourth JJ 7960 5595 20 century century NN 7960 5595 21 , , , 7960 5595 22 a a DT 7960 5595 23 German german JJ 7960 5595 24 people people NNS 7960 5595 25 called call VBN 7960 5595 26 Visigoths visigoth NNS 7960 5595 27 , , , 7960 5595 28 or or CC 7960 5595 29 West West NNP 7960 5595 30 Goths Goths NNP 7960 5595 31 . . . 7960 5596 1 Their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 5596 2 kinsmen kinsman NNS 7960 5596 3 , , , 7960 5596 4 the the DT 7960 5596 5 Ostrogoths Ostrogoths NNPS 7960 5596 6 , , , 7960 5596 7 or or CC 7960 5596 8 East East NNP 7960 5596 9 Goths Goths NNP 7960 5596 10 , , , 7960 5596 11 held hold VBD 7960 5596 12 the the DT 7960 5596 13 land land NN 7960 5596 14 north north RB 7960 5596 15 of of IN 7960 5596 16 the the DT 7960 5596 17 Black Black NNP 7960 5596 18 Sea Sea NNP 7960 5596 19 between between IN 7960 5596 20 the the DT 7960 5596 21 Danube Danube NNP 7960 5596 22 and and CC 7960 5596 23 the the DT 7960 5596 24 Don Don NNP 7960 5596 25 . . . 7960 5597 1 These 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7960 5598 25 the the DT 7960 5598 26 great great JJ 7960 5598 27 province province NN 7960 5598 28 of of IN 7960 5598 29 Dacia Dacia NNP 7960 5598 30 . . . 7960 5599 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 5599 2 4 4 LS 7960 5599 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 5599 4 The the DT 7960 5599 5 barbarians barbarian NNS 7960 5599 6 now now RB 7960 5599 7 came come VBD 7960 5599 8 in in IN 7960 5599 9 contact contact NN 7960 5599 10 with with IN 7960 5599 11 Roman roman JJ 7960 5599 12 civilization civilization NN 7960 5599 13 and and CC 7960 5599 14 began begin VBD 7960 5599 15 to to TO 7960 5599 16 lead lead VB 7960 5599 17 more more RBR 7960 5599 18 settled settled JJ 7960 5599 19 lives life NNS 7960 5599 20 . . . 7960 5600 1 Some some DT 7960 5600 2 of of IN 7960 5600 3 them -PRON- PRP 7960 5600 4 even even RB 7960 5600 5 accepted accept VBD 7960 5600 6 Christianity Christianity NNP 7960 5600 7 from from IN 7960 5600 8 Bishop Bishop NNP 7960 5600 9 Ulfilas Ulfilas NNP 7960 5600 10 , , , 7960 5600 11 who who WP 7960 5600 12 translated translate VBD 7960 5600 13 the the DT 7960 5600 14 Bible Bible NNP 7960 5600 15 into into IN 7960 5600 16 the the DT 7960 5600 17 Gothic gothic JJ 7960 5600 18 tongue tongue NN 7960 5600 19 . . . 7960 5601 1 THE the DT 7960 5601 2 VISIGOTHS visigoth NNS 7960 5601 3 CROSS cros VBD 7960 5601 4 THE the DT 7960 5601 5 DANUBE DANUBE NNP 7960 5601 6 , , , 7960 5601 7 376 376 CD 7960 5601 8 A.D. 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NNP 7960 5602 1 The the DT 7960 5602 2 peaceful peaceful JJ 7960 5602 3 fusion fusion NN 7960 5602 4 of of IN 7960 5602 5 Goth Goth NNP 7960 5602 6 and and CC 7960 5602 7 Roman Roman NNP 7960 5602 8 might may MD 7960 5602 9 have have VB 7960 5602 10 gone go VBN 7960 5602 11 on on RP 7960 5602 12 indefinitely indefinitely RB 7960 5602 13 but but CC 7960 5602 14 for for IN 7960 5602 15 the the DT 7960 5602 16 sudden sudden JJ 7960 5602 17 appearance appearance NN 7960 5602 18 in in IN 7960 5602 19 Europe Europe NNP 7960 5602 20 of of IN 7960 5602 21 the the DT 7960 5602 22 Huns Huns NNP 7960 5602 23 . . . 7960 5603 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 5603 2 were be VBD 7960 5603 3 a a DT 7960 5603 4 nomadic nomadic JJ 7960 5603 5 people people NNS 7960 5603 6 from from IN 7960 5603 7 central central JJ 7960 5603 8 Asia Asia NNP 7960 5603 9 . . . 7960 5604 1 Entering enter VBG 7960 5604 2 Europe Europe NNP 7960 5604 3 north north NN 7960 5604 4 of of IN 7960 5604 5 the the DT 7960 5604 6 Caspian Caspian NNP 7960 5604 7 Sea Sea NNP 7960 5604 8 , , , 7960 5604 9 the the DT 7960 5604 10 Huns Huns NNP 7960 5604 11 quickly quickly RB 7960 5604 12 subdued subdue VBD 7960 5604 13 the the DT 7960 5604 14 Ostrogoths Ostrogoths NNPS 7960 5604 15 and and CC 7960 5604 16 compelled compel VBD 7960 5604 17 them -PRON- PRP 7960 5604 18 to to TO 7960 5604 19 unite unite VB 7960 5604 20 in in IN 7960 5604 21 an an DT 7960 5604 22 attack attack NN 7960 5604 23 upon upon IN 7960 5604 24 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 5604 25 German german JJ 7960 5604 26 kinsmen kinsman NNS 7960 5604 27 . . . 7960 5605 1 Then then RB 7960 5605 2 the the DT 7960 5605 3 entire entire JJ 7960 5605 4 nation nation NN 7960 5605 5 of of IN 7960 5605 6 Visigoths Visigoths NNPS 7960 5605 7 crowded crowd VBD 7960 5605 8 the the DT 7960 5605 9 banks bank NNS 7960 5605 10 of of IN 7960 5605 11 the the DT 7960 5605 12 Danube Danube NNP 7960 5605 13 and and CC 7960 5605 14 begged beg VBD 7960 5605 15 the the DT 7960 5605 16 Roman roman JJ 7960 5605 17 authorities authority NNS 7960 5605 18 to to TO 7960 5605 19 allow allow VB 7960 5605 20 them -PRON- PRP 7960 5605 21 to to TO 7960 5605 22 cross cross VB 7960 5605 23 that that DT 7960 5605 24 river river NN 7960 5605 25 and and CC 7960 5605 26 place place VB 7960 5605 27 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 5605 28 broad broad JJ 7960 5605 29 waters water NNS 7960 5605 30 between between IN 7960 5605 31 them -PRON- PRP 7960 5605 32 and and CC 7960 5605 33 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 5605 34 terrible terrible JJ 7960 5605 35 foes foe NNS 7960 5605 36 . . . 7960 5606 1 In in IN 7960 5606 2 an an DT 7960 5606 3 evil evil JJ 7960 5606 4 hour hour NN 7960 5606 5 for for IN 7960 5606 6 Rome Rome NNP 7960 5606 7 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 5606 8 prayer prayer NN 7960 5606 9 was be VBD 7960 5606 10 granted grant VBN 7960 5606 11 . . . 7960 5607 1 At at IN 7960 5607 2 length length NN 7960 5607 3 two two CD 7960 5607 4 hundred hundred CD 7960 5607 5 thousand thousand CD 7960 5607 6 Gothic gothic JJ 7960 5607 7 warriors warrior NNS 7960 5607 8 , , , 7960 5607 9 with with IN 7960 5607 10 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 5607 11 wives wife NNS 7960 5607 12 and and CC 7960 5607 13 children child NNS 7960 5607 14 , , , 7960 5607 15 found find VBD 7960 5607 16 a a DT 7960 5607 17 home home NN 7960 5607 18 on on IN 7960 5607 19 Roman roman JJ 7960 5607 20 soil soil NN 7960 5607 21 . . . 7960 5608 1 BATTLE battle NN 7960 5608 2 OF of IN 7960 5608 3 ADRIANOPLE ADRIANOPLE NNP 7960 5608 4 , , , 7960 5608 5 378 378 CD 7960 5608 6 A.D. 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5611 4 robbed rob VBD 7960 5611 5 them -PRON- PRP 7960 5611 6 of of IN 7960 5611 7 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 5611 8 possessions possession NNS 7960 5611 9 , , , 7960 5611 10 withheld withhold VBD 7960 5611 11 the the DT 7960 5611 12 promised promise VBN 7960 5611 13 supplies supply NNS 7960 5611 14 of of IN 7960 5611 15 food food NN 7960 5611 16 , , , 7960 5611 17 and and CC 7960 5611 18 even even RB 7960 5611 19 tried try VBD 7960 5611 20 to to TO 7960 5611 21 murder murder VB 7960 5611 22 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 5611 23 leaders leader NNS 7960 5611 24 at at IN 7960 5611 25 a a DT 7960 5611 26 banquet banquet NN 7960 5611 27 . . . 7960 5612 1 Finally finally RB 7960 5612 2 , , , 7960 5612 3 the the DT 7960 5612 4 Germans Germans NNPS 7960 5612 5 broke break VBD 7960 5612 6 out out RP 7960 5612 7 in in IN 7960 5612 8 open open JJ 7960 5612 9 revolt revolt NN 7960 5612 10 . . . 7960 5613 1 The the DT 7960 5613 2 emperor emperor NN 7960 5613 3 Valens Valens NNP 7960 5613 4 misjudged misjudge VBD 7960 5613 5 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 5613 6 strength strength NN 7960 5613 7 and and CC 7960 5613 8 rashly rashly RB 7960 5613 9 gave give VBD 7960 5613 10 them -PRON- PRP 7960 5613 11 battle battle NN 7960 5613 12 near near IN 7960 5613 13 Adrianople Adrianople NNP 7960 5613 14 in in IN 7960 5613 15 Thrace Thrace NNP 7960 5613 16 . . . 7960 5614 1 The the DT 7960 5614 2 once once RB 7960 5614 3 invincible invincible JJ 7960 5614 4 legions legion NNS 7960 5614 5 fell fall VBD 7960 5614 6 an an DT 7960 5614 7 easy easy JJ 7960 5614 8 prey prey NN 7960 5614 9 to to IN 7960 5614 10 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 5614 11 foes foe NNS 7960 5614 12 , , , 7960 5614 13 and and CC 7960 5614 14 the the DT 7960 5614 15 emperor emperor NN 7960 5614 16 himself -PRON- PRP 7960 5614 17 perished perish VBD 7960 5614 18 . . . 7960 5615 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 5615 2 Illustration illustration NN 7960 5615 3 : : : 7960 5615 4 A a DT 7960 5615 5 PAGE PAGE NNP 7960 5615 6 OF of IN 7960 5615 7 THE the DT 7960 5615 8 GOTHIC GOTHIC NNP 7960 5615 9 GOSPELS GOSPELS NNP 7960 5615 10 ( ( -LRB- 7960 5615 11 REDUCED reduced NN 7960 5615 12 ) ) -RRB- 7960 5615 13 A a DT 7960 5615 14 manuscript manuscript NN 7960 5615 15 of of IN 7960 5615 16 Ulfilas Ulfilas NNP 7960 5615 17 's 's POS 7960 5615 18 translation translation NN 7960 5615 19 of of IN 7960 5615 20 the the DT 7960 5615 21 Bible Bible NNP 7960 5615 22 forms form VBZ 7960 5615 23 one one CD 7960 5615 24 of of IN 7960 5615 25 the the DT 7960 5615 26 treasures treasure NNS 7960 5615 27 of of IN 7960 5615 28 the the DT 7960 5615 29 library library NN 7960 5615 30 of of IN 7960 5615 31 the the DT 7960 5615 32 university university NNP 7960 5615 33 of of IN 7960 5615 34 Upsala Upsala NNP 7960 5615 35 , , , 7960 5615 36 Sweden Sweden NNP 7960 5615 37 . . . 7960 5616 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 5616 2 is be VBZ 7960 5616 3 beautifully beautifully RB 7960 5616 4 written write VBN 7960 5616 5 in in IN 7960 5616 6 letters letter NNS 7960 5616 7 of of IN 7960 5616 8 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5618 3 , , , 7960 5618 4 however however RB 7960 5618 5 , , , 7960 5618 6 a a DT 7960 5618 7 few few JJ 7960 5618 8 signs sign NNS 7960 5618 9 from from IN 7960 5618 10 the the DT 7960 5618 11 Runic runic JJ 7960 5618 12 alphabet alphabet NN 7960 5618 13 , , , 7960 5618 14 with with IN 7960 5618 15 which which WDT 7960 5618 16 the the DT 7960 5618 17 Germans Germans NNPS 7960 5618 18 were be VBD 7960 5618 19 familiar familiar JJ 7960 5618 20 . . . 7960 5618 21 ] ] -RRB- 7960 5619 1 RESULTS result NNS 7960 5619 2 OF of IN 7960 5619 3 THE the DT 7960 5619 4 BATTLE battle NN 7960 5619 5 The the DT 7960 5619 6 defeat defeat NN 7960 5619 7 at at IN 7960 5619 8 Adrianople Adrianople NNP 7960 5619 9 is be VBZ 7960 5619 10 considered consider VBN 7960 5619 11 one one CD 7960 5619 12 of of IN 7960 5619 13 the the DT 7960 5619 14 few few JJ 7960 5619 15 really really RB 7960 5619 16 decisive decisive JJ 7960 5619 17 battles battle NNS 7960 5619 18 in in IN 7960 5619 19 the the DT 7960 5619 20 world world NN 7960 5619 21 's 's POS 7960 5619 22 history history NN 7960 5619 23 . . . 7960 5620 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 5620 2 showed show VBD 7960 5620 3 the the DT 7960 5620 4 barbarians barbarian NNS 7960 5620 5 that that IN 7960 5620 6 they -PRON- PRP 7960 5620 7 could could MD 7960 5620 8 face face VB 7960 5620 9 the the DT 7960 5620 10 Romans Romans NNPS 7960 5620 11 in in IN 7960 5620 12 open open JJ 7960 5620 13 fight fight NN 7960 5620 14 and and CC 7960 5620 15 beat beat VBD 7960 5620 16 them -PRON- PRP 7960 5620 17 . . . 7960 5621 1 And and CC 7960 5621 2 it -PRON- PRP 7960 5621 3 broke break VBD 7960 5621 4 , , , 7960 5621 5 once once RB 7960 5621 6 for for IN 7960 5621 7 all all DT 7960 5621 8 , , , 7960 5621 9 the the DT 7960 5621 10 Danube Danube NNP 7960 5621 11 barrier barrier NN 7960 5621 12 . . . 7960 5622 1 Swarms swarm NNS 7960 5622 2 of of IN 7960 5622 3 fighting fight VBG 7960 5622 4 men man NNS 7960 5622 5 , , , 7960 5622 6 Ostrogoths ostrogoth NNS 7960 5622 7 as as RB 7960 5622 8 well well RB 7960 5622 9 as as IN 7960 5622 10 Visigoths Visigoths NNP 7960 5622 11 , , , 7960 5622 12 overran overrun VBD 7960 5622 13 the the DT 7960 5622 14 provinces province NNS 7960 5622 15 south south RB 7960 5622 16 of of IN 7960 5622 17 the the DT 7960 5622 18 Danube Danube NNP 7960 5622 19 . . . 7960 5623 1 The the DT 7960 5623 2 great great JJ 7960 5623 3 ruler ruler NN 7960 5623 4 , , , 7960 5623 5 Theodosius Theodosius NNP 7960 5623 6 , , , 7960 5623 7 [ [ -LRB- 7960 5623 8 5 5 CD 7960 5623 9 ] ] -RRB- 7960 5623 10 saved save VBD 7960 5623 11 the the DT 7960 5623 12 empire empire NN 7960 5623 13 for for IN 7960 5623 14 a a DT 7960 5623 15 time time NN 7960 5623 16 by by IN 7960 5623 17 granting grant VBG 7960 5623 18 lands land NNS 7960 5623 19 to to IN 7960 5623 20 the the DT 7960 5623 21 Germans Germans NNPS 7960 5623 22 and and CC 7960 5623 23 by by IN 7960 5623 24 enrolling enrol VBG 7960 5623 25 them -PRON- PRP 7960 5623 26 in in IN 7960 5623 27 the the DT 7960 5623 28 army army NN 7960 5623 29 under under IN 7960 5623 30 the the DT 7960 5623 31 high high RB 7960 5623 32 - - HYPH 7960 5623 33 sounding sound VBG 7960 5623 34 title title NN 7960 5623 35 of of IN 7960 5623 36 " " `` 7960 5623 37 allies ally NNS 7960 5623 38 . . . 7960 5623 39 " " '' 7960 5624 1 Until until IN 7960 5624 2 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 5624 3 death death NN 7960 5624 4 the the DT 7960 5624 5 Goths Goths NNPS 7960 5624 6 remained remain VBD 7960 5624 7 quiet quiet JJ 7960 5624 8 -- -- : 7960 5624 9 but but CC 7960 5624 10 it -PRON- PRP 7960 5624 11 was be VBD 7960 5624 12 only only RB 7960 5624 13 the the DT 7960 5624 14 lull lull NN 7960 5624 15 before before IN 7960 5624 16 the the DT 7960 5624 17 storm storm NN 7960 5624 18 . . . 7960 5625 1 ALARIC alaric IN 7960 5625 2 THE the DT 7960 5625 3 VISIGOTH VISIGOTH NNP 7960 5625 4 Theodosius Theodosius NNP 7960 5625 5 , , , 7960 5625 6 " " '' 7960 5625 7 the the DT 7960 5625 8 friend friend NN 7960 5625 9 of of IN 7960 5625 10 the the DT 7960 5625 11 Goths Goths NNPS 7960 5625 12 , , , 7960 5625 13 " " '' 7960 5625 14 died die VBD 7960 5625 15 in in IN 7960 5625 16 395 395 CD 7960 5625 17 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 5625 18 , , , 7960 5625 19 leaving leave VBG 7960 5625 20 the the DT 7960 5625 21 defense defense NN 7960 5625 22 of of IN 7960 5625 23 the the DT 7960 5625 24 Roman roman JJ 7960 5625 25 world world NN 7960 5625 26 to to IN 7960 5625 27 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 5625 28 weakling weakling NN 7960 5625 29 sons son NNS 7960 5625 30 , , , 7960 5625 31 Arcadius Arcadius NNP 7960 5625 32 and and CC 7960 5625 33 Honorius Honorius NNP 7960 5625 34 . . . 7960 5626 1 In in IN 7960 5626 2 the the DT 7960 5626 3 same same JJ 7960 5626 4 year year NN 7960 5626 5 the the DT 7960 5626 6 Visigoths Visigoths NNPS 7960 5626 7 raised raise VBD 7960 5626 8 one one CD 7960 5626 9 of of IN 7960 5626 10 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 5626 11 young young JJ 7960 5626 12 nobles noble NNS 7960 5626 13 , , , 7960 5626 14 named name VBN 7960 5626 15 Alaric Alaric NNP 7960 5626 16 , , , 7960 5626 17 upon upon IN 7960 5626 18 a a DT 7960 5626 19 shield shield NN 7960 5626 20 and and CC 7960 5626 21 with with IN 7960 5626 22 joyful joyful JJ 7960 5626 23 shouts shout NNS 7960 5626 24 acclaimed acclaim VBD 7960 5626 25 him -PRON- PRP 7960 5626 26 as as IN 7960 5626 27 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 5626 28 king king NN 7960 5626 29 . . . 7960 5627 1 The the DT 7960 5627 2 Visigothic visigothic JJ 7960 5627 3 leader leader NN 7960 5627 4 despised despise VBD 7960 5627 5 the the DT 7960 5627 6 service service NN 7960 5627 7 of of IN 7960 5627 8 Rome Rome NNP 7960 5627 9 . . . 7960 5628 1 His -PRON- PRP$ 7960 5628 2 people people NNS 7960 5628 3 , , , 7960 5628 4 he -PRON- PRP 7960 5628 5 thought think VBD 7960 5628 6 , , , 7960 5628 7 should should MD 7960 5628 8 be be VB 7960 5628 9 masters master NNS 7960 5628 10 , , , 7960 5628 11 not not RB 7960 5628 12 servants servant NNS 7960 5628 13 . . . 7960 5629 1 Alaric alaric RB 7960 5629 2 determined determined JJ 7960 5629 3 to to TO 7960 5629 4 lead lead VB 7960 5629 5 them -PRON- PRP 7960 5629 6 into into IN 7960 5629 7 the the DT 7960 5629 8 very very JJ 7960 5629 9 heart heart NN 7960 5629 10 of of IN 7960 5629 11 the the DT 7960 5629 12 empire empire NN 7960 5629 13 , , , 7960 5629 14 where where WRB 7960 5629 15 they -PRON- PRP 7960 5629 16 might may MD 7960 5629 17 find find VB 7960 5629 18 fertile fertile JJ 7960 5629 19 lands land NNS 7960 5629 20 and and CC 7960 5629 21 settle settle VBP 7960 5629 22 once once RB 7960 5629 23 for for IN 7960 5629 24 all all DT 7960 5629 25 . . . 7960 5630 1 ALARIC alaric RB 7960 5630 2 IN in IN 7960 5630 3 GREECE GREECE NNP 7960 5630 4 AND and CC 7960 5630 5 ITALY ITALY NNS 7960 5630 6 Alaric alaric RB 7960 5630 7 at at IN 7960 5630 8 first first RB 7960 5630 9 fixed fix VBD 7960 5630 10 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 5630 11 attention attention NN 7960 5630 12 on on IN 7960 5630 13 Constantinople Constantinople NNP 7960 5630 14 . . . 7960 5631 1 Realizing realize VBG 7960 5631 2 , , , 7960 5631 3 at at IN 7960 5631 4 length length NN 7960 5631 5 , , , 7960 5631 6 how how WRB 7960 5631 7 hopeless hopeless JJ 7960 5631 8 would would MD 7960 5631 9 be be VB 7960 5631 10 the the DT 7960 5631 11 siege siege NN 7960 5631 12 of of IN 7960 5631 13 that that DT 7960 5631 14 great great JJ 7960 5631 15 city city NN 7960 5631 16 , , , 7960 5631 17 he -PRON- PRP 7960 5631 18 turned turn VBD 7960 5631 19 toward toward IN 7960 5631 20 the the DT 7960 5631 21 west west NNP 7960 5631 22 and and CC 7960 5631 23 descended descend VBD 7960 5631 24 upon upon IN 7960 5631 25 Greece Greece NNP 7960 5631 26 . . . 7960 5632 1 The the DT 7960 5632 2 Germans Germans NNPS 7960 5632 3 marched march VBD 7960 5632 4 unopposed unopposed JJ 7960 5632 5 through through IN 7960 5632 6 the the DT 7960 5632 7 pass pass NN 7960 5632 8 of of IN 7960 5632 9 Thermopylae Thermopylae NNP 7960 5632 10 and and CC 7960 5632 11 devastated devastate VBD 7960 5632 12 central central JJ 7960 5632 13 Greece Greece NNP 7960 5632 14 , , , 7960 5632 15 as as IN 7960 5632 16 the the DT 7960 5632 17 Persians Persians NNPS 7960 5632 18 had have VBD 7960 5632 19 done do VBN 7960 5632 20 nearly nearly RB 7960 5632 21 nine nine CD 7960 5632 22 centuries century NNS 7960 5632 23 before before RB 7960 5632 24 . . . 7960 5633 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 5633 2 6 6 CD 7960 5633 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 5633 4 Then then RB 7960 5633 5 the the DT 7960 5633 6 barbarians barbarian NNS 7960 5633 7 entered enter VBD 7960 5633 8 the the DT 7960 5633 9 Peloponnesus Peloponnesus NNP 7960 5633 10 , , , 7960 5633 11 but but CC 7960 5633 12 were be VBD 7960 5633 13 soon soon RB 7960 5633 14 driven drive VBN 7960 5633 15 out out RP 7960 5633 16 by by IN 7960 5633 17 Stilicho Stilicho NNP 7960 5633 18 , , , 7960 5633 19 a a DT 7960 5633 20 German german JJ 7960 5633 21 chieftain chieftain NN 7960 5633 22 who who WP 7960 5633 23 had have VBD 7960 5633 24 risen rise VBN 7960 5633 25 to to IN 7960 5633 26 the the DT 7960 5633 27 command command NN 7960 5633 28 of of IN 7960 5633 29 the the DT 7960 5633 30 army army NN 7960 5633 31 of of IN 7960 5633 32 Honorius Honorius NNP 7960 5633 33 . . . 7960 5634 1 Alaric Alaric NNP 7960 5634 2 gave give VBD 7960 5634 3 up up RP 7960 5634 4 Greece Greece NNP 7960 5634 5 only only RB 7960 5634 6 to to TO 7960 5634 7 invade invade VB 7960 5634 8 Italy Italy NNP 7960 5634 9 . . . 7960 5635 1 Before before IN 7960 5635 2 long long RB 7960 5635 3 the the DT 7960 5635 4 Goths Goths NNPS 7960 5635 5 crossed cross VBD 7960 5635 6 the the DT 7960 5635 7 Julian Julian NNP 7960 5635 8 Alps Alps NNP 7960 5635 9 and and CC 7960 5635 10 entered enter VBD 7960 5635 11 the the DT 7960 5635 12 rich rich JJ 7960 5635 13 and and CC 7960 5635 14 defenseless defenseless JJ 7960 5635 15 valley valley NN 7960 5635 16 of of IN 7960 5635 17 the the DT 7960 5635 18 Po Po NNP 7960 5635 19 . . . 7960 5636 1 To to TO 7960 5636 2 meet meet VB 7960 5636 3 the the DT 7960 5636 4 crisis crisis NN 7960 5636 5 the the DT 7960 5636 6 legions legion NNS 7960 5636 7 were be VBD 7960 5636 8 hastily hastily RB 7960 5636 9 called call VBN 7960 5636 10 in in RP 7960 5636 11 , , , 7960 5636 12 even even RB 7960 5636 13 from from IN 7960 5636 14 the the DT 7960 5636 15 distant distant JJ 7960 5636 16 frontiers frontier NNS 7960 5636 17 . . . 7960 5637 1 Stilicho Stilicho NNP 7960 5637 2 formed form VBD 7960 5637 3 them -PRON- PRP 7960 5637 4 into into IN 7960 5637 5 a a DT 7960 5637 6 powerful powerful JJ 7960 5637 7 army army NN 7960 5637 8 , , , 7960 5637 9 beat beat VBD 7960 5637 10 back back RP 7960 5637 11 the the DT 7960 5637 12 enemy enemy NN 7960 5637 13 , , , 7960 5637 14 and and CC 7960 5637 15 captured capture VBD 7960 5637 16 the the DT 7960 5637 17 Visigothic visigothic JJ 7960 5637 18 camp camp NN 7960 5637 19 , , , 7960 5637 20 filled fill VBN 7960 5637 21 with with IN 7960 5637 22 the the DT 7960 5637 23 spoil spoil NN 7960 5637 24 of of IN 7960 5637 25 Greek greek JJ 7960 5637 26 cities city NNS 7960 5637 27 . . . 7960 5638 1 In in IN 7960 5638 2 the the DT 7960 5638 3 eyes eye NNS 7960 5638 4 of of IN 7960 5638 5 the the DT 7960 5638 6 Romans Romans NNPS 7960 5638 7 Stilicho Stilicho NNP 7960 5638 8 seemed seem VBD 7960 5638 9 a a DT 7960 5638 10 second second JJ 7960 5638 11 Marius Marius NNP 7960 5638 12 , , , 7960 5638 13 who who WP 7960 5638 14 had have VBD 7960 5638 15 arisen arise VBN 7960 5638 16 in in IN 7960 5638 17 an an DT 7960 5638 18 hour hour NN 7960 5638 19 of of IN 7960 5638 20 peril peril NN 7960 5638 21 to to TO 7960 5638 22 save save VB 7960 5638 23 Italy Italy NNP 7960 5638 24 from from IN 7960 5638 25 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 5638 26 barbarian barbarian JJ 7960 5638 27 foes foe NNS 7960 5638 28 . . . 7960 5639 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 5639 2 7 7 LS 7960 5639 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 5639 4 THE the DT 7960 5639 5 VISIGOTHS visigoth NNS 7960 5639 6 BEFORE before IN 7960 5639 7 ROME ROME NNP 7960 5639 8 Alaric Alaric NNP 7960 5639 9 and and CC 7960 5639 10 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 5639 11 Goths goth NNS 7960 5639 12 had have VBD 7960 5639 13 been be VBN 7960 5639 14 repulsed repulse VBN 7960 5639 15 ; ; : 7960 5639 16 they -PRON- PRP 7960 5639 17 had have VBD 7960 5639 18 not not RB 7960 5639 19 been be VBN 7960 5639 20 destroyed destroy VBN 7960 5639 21 . . . 7960 5640 1 Beyond beyond IN 7960 5640 2 the the DT 7960 5640 3 Alps Alps NNP 7960 5640 4 they -PRON- PRP 7960 5640 5 were be VBD 7960 5640 6 regaining regain VBG 7960 5640 7 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 5640 8 shattered shatter VBN 7960 5640 9 strength strength NN 7960 5640 10 and and CC 7960 5640 11 biding bide VBG 7960 5640 12 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 5640 13 time time NN 7960 5640 14 . . . 7960 5641 1 Their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 5641 2 opportunity opportunity NN 7960 5641 3 came come VBD 7960 5641 4 soon soon RB 7960 5641 5 enough enough RB 7960 5641 6 , , , 7960 5641 7 when when WRB 7960 5641 8 Honorius Honorius NNP 7960 5641 9 caused cause VBD 7960 5641 10 Stilicho Stilicho NNP 7960 5641 11 to to TO 7960 5641 12 be be VB 7960 5641 13 put put VBN 7960 5641 14 to to IN 7960 5641 15 death death NN 7960 5641 16 on on IN 7960 5641 17 a a DT 7960 5641 18 charge charge NN 7960 5641 19 of of IN 7960 5641 20 plotting plot VBG 7960 5641 21 to to TO 7960 5641 22 seize seize VB 7960 5641 23 the the DT 7960 5641 24 throne throne NN 7960 5641 25 . . . 7960 5642 1 The the DT 7960 5642 2 accusation accusation NN 7960 5642 3 may may MD 7960 5642 4 have have VB 7960 5642 5 been be VBN 7960 5642 6 true true JJ 7960 5642 7 , , , 7960 5642 8 but but CC 7960 5642 9 in in IN 7960 5642 10 killing kill VBG 7960 5642 11 Stilicho Stilicho NNP 7960 5642 12 the the DT 7960 5642 13 emperor emperor NN 7960 5642 14 had have VBD 7960 5642 15 cut cut VBN 7960 5642 16 off off RP 7960 5642 17 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 5642 18 right right JJ 7960 5642 19 hand hand NN 7960 5642 20 with with IN 7960 5642 21 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 5642 22 left left NN 7960 5642 23 . . . 7960 5643 1 Now now RB 7960 5643 2 that that IN 7960 5643 3 Stilicho Stilicho NNP 7960 5643 4 was be VBD 7960 5643 5 out out IN 7960 5643 6 of of IN 7960 5643 7 the the DT 7960 5643 8 way way NN 7960 5643 9 , , , 7960 5643 10 Alaric alaric JJ 7960 5643 11 no no RB 7960 5643 12 longer long RBR 7960 5643 13 feared fear VBN 7960 5643 14 to to TO 7960 5643 15 descend descend VB 7960 5643 16 again again RB 7960 5643 17 on on IN 7960 5643 18 Italy Italy NNP 7960 5643 19 . . . 7960 5644 1 The the DT 7960 5644 2 Goths Goths NNPS 7960 5644 3 advanced advance VBD 7960 5644 4 rapidly rapidly RB 7960 5644 5 southward southward RB 7960 5644 6 past past JJ 7960 5644 7 Ravenna Ravenna NNP 7960 5644 8 , , , 7960 5644 9 where where WRB 7960 5644 10 Honorius Honorius NNP 7960 5644 11 had have VBD 7960 5644 12 shut shut VBN 7960 5644 13 himself -PRON- PRP 7960 5644 14 up up RP 7960 5644 15 in in IN 7960 5644 16 terror terror NN 7960 5644 17 , , , 7960 5644 18 and and CC 7960 5644 19 made make VBD 7960 5644 20 straight straight JJ 7960 5644 21 for for IN 7960 5644 22 Rome Rome NNP 7960 5644 23 . . . 7960 5645 1 In in IN 7960 5645 2 410 410 CD 7960 5645 3 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 5645 4 , , , 7960 5645 5 just just RB 7960 5645 6 eight eight CD 7960 5645 7 hundred hundred CD 7960 5645 8 years year NNS 7960 5645 9 after after IN 7960 5645 10 the the DT 7960 5645 11 sack sack NN 7960 5645 12 of of IN 7960 5645 13 the the DT 7960 5645 14 city city NN 7960 5645 15 by by IN 7960 5645 16 the the DT 7960 5645 17 Gauls Gauls NNPS 7960 5645 18 , , , 7960 5645 19 [ [ -LRB- 7960 5645 20 8 8 CD 7960 5645 21 ] ] -RRB- 7960 5645 22 Rome Rome NNP 7960 5645 23 found find VBD 7960 5645 24 the the DT 7960 5645 25 Germans Germans NNPS 7960 5645 26 within within IN 7960 5645 27 her -PRON- PRP$ 7960 5645 28 gates gate NNS 7960 5645 29 . . . 7960 5646 1 SACK sack NN 7960 5646 2 OF of IN 7960 5646 3 ROME rome NN 7960 5646 4 BY by IN 7960 5646 5 THE the DT 7960 5646 6 VISIGOTHS VISIGOTHS NNP 7960 5646 7 , , , 7960 5646 8 410 410 CD 7960 5646 9 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 5647 1 The the DT 7960 5647 2 city city NN 7960 5647 3 for for IN 7960 5647 4 three three CD 7960 5647 5 days day NNS 7960 5647 6 and and CC 7960 5647 7 nights night NNS 7960 5647 8 was be VBD 7960 5647 9 given give VBN 7960 5647 10 up up RP 7960 5647 11 to to IN 7960 5647 12 pillage pillage NN 7960 5647 13 . . . 7960 5648 1 Alaric alaric JJ 7960 5648 2 , , , 7960 5648 3 who who WP 7960 5648 4 was be VBD 7960 5648 5 a a DT 7960 5648 6 Christian Christian NNP 7960 5648 7 , , , 7960 5648 8 ordered order VBD 7960 5648 9 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 5648 10 followers follower NNS 7960 5648 11 to to TO 7960 5648 12 respect respect VB 7960 5648 13 the the DT 7960 5648 14 churches church NNS 7960 5648 15 and and CC 7960 5648 16 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 5648 17 property property NN 7960 5648 18 and and CC 7960 5648 19 to to TO 7960 5648 20 refrain refrain VB 7960 5648 21 from from IN 7960 5648 22 bloodshed bloodshed NN 7960 5648 23 . . . 7960 5649 1 Though though IN 7960 5649 2 the the DT 7960 5649 3 city city NN 7960 5649 4 did do VBD 7960 5649 5 not not RB 7960 5649 6 greatly greatly RB 7960 5649 7 suffer suffer VB 7960 5649 8 , , , 7960 5649 9 the the DT 7960 5649 10 moral moral JJ 7960 5649 11 effect effect NN 7960 5649 12 of of IN 7960 5649 13 the the DT 7960 5649 14 disaster disaster NN 7960 5649 15 was be VBD 7960 5649 16 immense immense JJ 7960 5649 17 . . . 7960 5650 1 Rome Rome NNP 7960 5650 2 the the DT 7960 5650 3 eternal eternal JJ 7960 5650 4 , , , 7960 5650 5 the the DT 7960 5650 6 unconquerable unconquerable JJ 7960 5650 7 , , , 7960 5650 8 she -PRON- PRP 7960 5650 9 who who WP 7960 5650 10 had have VBD 7960 5650 11 taken take VBN 7960 5650 12 captive captive IN 7960 5650 13 all all PDT 7960 5650 14 the the DT 7960 5650 15 world world NN 7960 5650 16 , , , 7960 5650 17 was be VBD 7960 5650 18 now now RB 7960 5650 19 herself -PRON- PRP 7960 5650 20 a a DT 7960 5650 21 captive captive NN 7960 5650 22 . . . 7960 5651 1 The the DT 7960 5651 2 pagans pagan NNS 7960 5651 3 saw see VBD 7960 5651 4 in in IN 7960 5651 5 this this DT 7960 5651 6 calamity calamity NN 7960 5651 7 the the DT 7960 5651 8 vengeance vengeance NN 7960 5651 9 of of IN 7960 5651 10 the the DT 7960 5651 11 ancient ancient JJ 7960 5651 12 deities deity NNS 7960 5651 13 , , , 7960 5651 14 who who WP 7960 5651 15 had have VBD 7960 5651 16 been be VBN 7960 5651 17 dishonored dishonor VBN 7960 5651 18 and and CC 7960 5651 19 driven drive VBN 7960 5651 20 from from IN 7960 5651 21 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 5651 22 shrines shrine NNS 7960 5651 23 . . . 7960 5652 1 The the DT 7960 5652 2 Christians Christians NNPS 7960 5652 3 believed believe VBD 7960 5652 4 that that IN 7960 5652 5 God God NNP 7960 5652 6 had have VBD 7960 5652 7 sent send VBN 7960 5652 8 a a DT 7960 5652 9 judgment judgment NN 7960 5652 10 on on IN 7960 5652 11 the the DT 7960 5652 12 Romans Romans NNPS 7960 5652 13 to to TO 7960 5652 14 punish punish VB 7960 5652 15 them -PRON- PRP 7960 5652 16 for for IN 7960 5652 17 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 5652 18 sins sin NNS 7960 5652 19 . . . 7960 5653 1 In in IN 7960 5653 2 either either DT 7960 5653 3 case case NN 7960 5653 4 the the DT 7960 5653 5 spell spell NN 7960 5653 6 of of IN 7960 5653 7 Rome Rome NNP 7960 5653 8 was be VBD 7960 5653 9 forever forever RB 7960 5653 10 broken break VBN 7960 5653 11 . . . 7960 5654 1 KINGDOM KINGDOM NNS 7960 5654 2 OF of IN 7960 5654 3 THE the DT 7960 5654 4 VISIGOTHS VISIGOTHS NNP 7960 5654 5 , , , 7960 5654 6 415 415 CD 7960 5654 7 - - SYM 7960 5654 8 711 711 CD 7960 5654 9 A.D. a.d. 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A.D. NNP 7960 5659 12 ] ] -RRB- 7960 5659 13 ROMANIZATION romanization NN 7960 5659 14 OF of IN 7960 5659 15 THE the DT 7960 5659 16 VISIGOTHS visigoth NNS 7960 5659 17 The the DT 7960 5659 18 possessions possession NNS 7960 5659 19 of of IN 7960 5659 20 the the DT 7960 5659 21 Visigoths Visigoths NNPS 7960 5659 22 in in IN 7960 5659 23 Gaul Gaul NNP 7960 5659 24 were be VBD 7960 5659 25 seized seize VBN 7960 5659 26 by by IN 7960 5659 27 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 5659 28 neighbors neighbor NNS 7960 5659 29 , , , 7960 5659 30 the the DT 7960 5659 31 Franks Franks NNPS 7960 5659 32 , , , 7960 5659 33 in in IN 7960 5659 34 less less JJR 7960 5659 35 than than IN 7960 5659 36 a a DT 7960 5659 37 century century NN 7960 5659 38 ; ; : 7960 5659 39 [ [ -LRB- 7960 5659 40 9 9 CD 7960 5659 41 ] ] -RRB- 7960 5659 42 but but CC 7960 5659 43 the the DT 7960 5659 44 Gothic gothic JJ 7960 5659 45 kingdom kingdom NN 7960 5659 46 in in IN 7960 5659 47 Spain Spain NNP 7960 5659 48 had have VBD 7960 5659 49 three three CD 7960 5659 50 hundred hundred CD 7960 5659 51 years year NNS 7960 5659 52 of of IN 7960 5659 53 prosperous prosperous JJ 7960 5659 54 life life NN 7960 5659 55 . . . 7960 5660 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 5660 2 10 10 CD 7960 5660 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 5660 4 The the DT 7960 5660 5 barbarian barbarian JJ 7960 5660 6 rulers ruler NNS 7960 5660 7 sought seek VBD 7960 5660 8 to to TO 7960 5660 9 preserve preserve VB 7960 5660 10 the the DT 7960 5660 11 institutions institution NNS 7960 5660 12 of of IN 7960 5660 13 Rome Rome NNP 7960 5660 14 and and CC 7960 5660 15 to to TO 7960 5660 16 respect respect VB 7960 5660 17 the the DT 7960 5660 18 rights right NNS 7960 5660 19 of of IN 7960 5660 20 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 5660 21 Roman roman JJ 7960 5660 22 subjects subject NNS 7960 5660 23 . . . 7960 5661 1 Conquerors conqueror NNS 7960 5661 2 and and CC 7960 5661 3 conquered conquer VBD 7960 5661 4 gradually gradually RB 7960 5661 5 blended blend VBN 7960 5661 6 into into IN 7960 5661 7 one one CD 7960 5661 8 people people NNS 7960 5661 9 , , , 7960 5661 10 out out IN 7960 5661 11 of of IN 7960 5661 12 whom whom WP 7960 5661 13 have have VBP 7960 5661 14 grown grow VBN 7960 5661 15 the the DT 7960 5661 16 Spaniards Spaniards NNPS 7960 5661 17 of of IN 7960 5661 18 modern modern JJ 7960 5661 19 times time NNS 7960 5661 20 . . . 7960 5662 1 84 84 CD 7960 5662 2 . . . 7960 5663 1 BREAKING breaking NN 7960 5663 2 OF of IN 7960 5663 3 THE the DT 7960 5663 4 RHINE RHINE NNP 7960 5663 5 BARRIER BARRIER NNP 7960 5663 6 THE the DT 7960 5663 7 GERMANS german NNS 7960 5663 8 CROSS cros VBD 7960 5663 9 THE the DT 7960 5663 10 RHINE RHINE NNP 7960 5663 11 , , , 7960 5663 12 406 406 CD 7960 5663 13 A.D. 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NNP 7960 5666 4 , , , 7960 5666 5 four four CD 7960 5666 6 years year NNS 7960 5666 7 before before IN 7960 5666 8 Alaric Alaric NNP 7960 5666 9 's 's POS 7960 5666 10 sack sack NN 7960 5666 11 of of IN 7960 5666 12 Rome Rome NNP 7960 5666 13 , , , 7960 5666 14 a a DT 7960 5666 15 vast vast JJ 7960 5666 16 company company NN 7960 5666 17 of of IN 7960 5666 18 Germans Germans NNPS 7960 5666 19 crossed cross VBD 7960 5666 20 the the DT 7960 5666 21 Rhine Rhine NNP 7960 5666 22 and and CC 7960 5666 23 swept sweep VBD 7960 5666 24 almost almost RB 7960 5666 25 unopposed unopposed JJ 7960 5666 26 through through IN 7960 5666 27 Gaul Gaul NNP 7960 5666 28 . . . 7960 5667 1 Some some DT 7960 5667 2 of of IN 7960 5667 3 these these DT 7960 5667 4 peoples people NNS 7960 5667 5 succeeded succeed VBD 7960 5667 6 in in IN 7960 5667 7 establishing establish VBG 7960 5667 8 kingdoms kingdom NNS 7960 5667 9 for for IN 7960 5667 10 themselves -PRON- PRP 7960 5667 11 on on IN 7960 5667 12 the the DT 7960 5667 13 ruins ruin NNS 7960 5667 14 of of IN 7960 5667 15 the the DT 7960 5667 16 empire empire NN 7960 5667 17 . . . 7960 5668 1 KINGDOM KINGDOM NNS 7960 5668 2 OF of IN 7960 5668 3 THE the DT 7960 5668 4 BURGUNDIANS BURGUNDIANS NNP 7960 5668 5 , , , 7960 5668 6 443 443 CD 7960 5668 7 - - SYM 7960 5668 8 534 534 CD 7960 5668 9 A.D. 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7960 5678 16 in in IN 7960 5678 17 the the DT 7960 5678 18 districts district NNS 7960 5678 19 north north NNP 7960 5678 20 and and CC 7960 5678 21 south south RB 7960 5678 22 of of IN 7960 5678 23 the the DT 7960 5678 24 Pyrenees Pyrenees NNPS 7960 5678 25 , , , 7960 5678 26 the the DT 7960 5678 27 Burgundians Burgundians NNPS 7960 5678 28 in in IN 7960 5678 29 the the DT 7960 5678 30 Rhone Rhone NNP 7960 5678 31 valley valley NN 7960 5678 32 , , , 7960 5678 33 and and CC 7960 5678 34 the the DT 7960 5678 35 Vandals vandal NNS 7960 5678 36 in in IN 7960 5678 37 Africa Africa NNP 7960 5678 38 , , , 7960 5678 39 still still RB 7960 5678 40 another another DT 7960 5678 41 Germanic germanic JJ 7960 5678 42 people people NNS 7960 5678 43 began begin VBD 7960 5678 44 to to TO 7960 5678 45 spread spread VB 7960 5678 46 over over IN 7960 5678 47 northern northern JJ 7960 5678 48 Gaul Gaul NNP 7960 5678 49 . . . 7960 5679 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 5679 2 were be VBD 7960 5679 3 the the DT 7960 5679 4 Franks Franks NNPS 7960 5679 5 , , , 7960 5679 6 who who WP 7960 5679 7 had have VBD 7960 5679 8 long long RB 7960 5679 9 held hold VBN 7960 5679 10 lands land NNS 7960 5679 11 on on IN 7960 5679 12 both both DT 7960 5679 13 sides side NNS 7960 5679 14 of of IN 7960 5679 15 the the DT 7960 5679 16 lower low JJR 7960 5679 17 Rhine Rhine NNP 7960 5679 18 . . . 7960 5680 1 The the DT 7960 5680 2 Franks Franks NNPS 7960 5680 3 , , , 7960 5680 4 unlike unlike IN 7960 5680 5 the the DT 7960 5680 6 other other JJ 7960 5680 7 Germans Germans NNPS 7960 5680 8 , , , 7960 5680 9 were be VBD 7960 5680 10 not not RB 7960 5680 11 of of IN 7960 5680 12 a a DT 7960 5680 13 roving rove VBG 7960 5680 14 disposition disposition NN 7960 5680 15 . . . 7960 5681 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 5681 2 contented content VBD 7960 5681 3 themselves -PRON- PRP 7960 5681 4 with with IN 7960 5681 5 a a DT 7960 5681 6 gradual gradual JJ 7960 5681 7 advance advance NN 7960 5681 8 into into IN 7960 5681 9 Roman roman 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NNP 7960 5684 1 The the DT 7960 5684 2 troubled troubled JJ 7960 5684 3 years year NNS 7960 5684 4 of of IN 7960 5684 5 the the DT 7960 5684 6 fifth fifth JJ 7960 5684 7 century century NN 7960 5684 8 saw see VBD 7960 5684 9 also also RB 7960 5684 10 the the DT 7960 5684 11 beginning beginning NN 7960 5684 12 of of IN 7960 5684 13 the the DT 7960 5684 14 Germanic germanic JJ 7960 5684 15 conquest conquest NN 7960 5684 16 of of IN 7960 5684 17 Britain Britain NNP 7960 5684 18 . . . 7960 5685 1 The the DT 7960 5685 2 withdrawal withdrawal NN 7960 5685 3 of of IN 7960 5685 4 the the DT 7960 5685 5 legions legion NNS 7960 5685 6 from from IN 7960 5685 7 that that DT 7960 5685 8 island island NN 7960 5685 9 left leave VBD 7960 5685 10 it -PRON- PRP 7960 5685 11 defenseless defenseless JJ 7960 5685 12 , , , 7960 5685 13 for for IN 7960 5685 14 the the DT 7960 5685 15 Celtic celtic JJ 7960 5685 16 inhabitants inhabitant NNS 7960 5685 17 were be VBD 7960 5685 18 too too RB 7960 5685 19 weak weak JJ 7960 5685 20 to to TO 7960 5685 21 defend defend VB 7960 5685 22 themselves -PRON- PRP 7960 5685 23 . . . 7960 5686 1 Bands band NNS 7960 5686 2 of of IN 7960 5686 3 savage savage NN 7960 5686 4 Picts Picts NNPS 7960 5686 5 from from IN 7960 5686 6 Scotland Scotland NNP 7960 5686 7 swarmed swarm VBD 7960 5686 8 over over IN 7960 5686 9 Hadrian Hadrian NNP 7960 5686 10 's 's POS 7960 5686 11 Wall Wall NNP 7960 5686 12 , , , 7960 5686 13 attacking attack VBG 7960 5686 14 the the DT 7960 5686 15 Britons Britons NNPS 7960 5686 16 in in IN 7960 5686 17 the the DT 7960 5686 18 rear rear NN 7960 5686 19 . . . 7960 5687 1 Ireland Ireland NNP 7960 5687 2 sent send VBD 7960 5687 3 forth forth RB 7960 5687 4 the the DT 7960 5687 5 no no DT 7960 5687 6 less less JJR 7960 5687 7 savage savage NN 7960 5687 8 Scots scot NNS 7960 5687 9 . . . 7960 5688 1 The the DT 7960 5688 2 eastern eastern JJ 7960 5688 3 coasts coast NNS 7960 5688 4 , , , 7960 5688 5 at at IN 7960 5688 6 the the DT 7960 5688 7 same same JJ 7960 5688 8 time time NN 7960 5688 9 , , , 7960 5688 10 were be VBD 7960 5688 11 constantly constantly RB 7960 5688 12 exposed expose VBN 7960 5688 13 to to IN 7960 5688 14 raids raid NNS 7960 5688 15 by by IN 7960 5688 16 German german JJ 7960 5688 17 pirates pirate NNS 7960 5688 18 . . . 7960 5689 1 The the DT 7960 5689 2 Britons Britons NNPS 7960 5689 3 , , , 7960 5689 4 in in IN 7960 5689 5 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 5689 6 extremity extremity NN 7960 5689 7 , , , 7960 5689 8 adopted adopt VBD 7960 5689 9 the the DT 7960 5689 10 old old JJ 7960 5689 11 Roman roman JJ 7960 5689 12 practice practice NN 7960 5689 13 of of IN 7960 5689 14 getting get VBG 7960 5689 15 the the DT 7960 5689 16 barbarians barbarian NNS 7960 5689 17 to to TO 7960 5689 18 fight fight VB 7960 5689 19 for for IN 7960 5689 20 them -PRON- PRP 7960 5689 21 . . . 7960 5690 1 Bands band NNS 7960 5690 2 of of IN 7960 5690 3 Jutes Jutes NNPS 7960 5690 4 were be VBD 7960 5690 5 invited invite VBN 7960 5690 6 over over RP 7960 5690 7 from from IN 7960 5690 8 Denmark Denmark NNP 7960 5690 9 in in IN 7960 5690 10 449 449 CD 7960 5690 11 A.D. 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NNP 7960 5691 1 The the DT 7960 5691 2 Jutes Jutes NNP 7960 5691 3 forced force VBD 7960 5691 4 back back RP 7960 5691 5 the the DT 7960 5691 6 Picts Picts NNPS 7960 5691 7 and and CC 7960 5691 8 then then RB 7960 5691 9 settled settle VBN 7960 5691 10 in in IN 7960 5691 11 Britain Britain NNP 7960 5691 12 as as IN 7960 5691 13 conquerors conqueror NNS 7960 5691 14 . . . 7960 5692 1 Fresh fresh JJ 7960 5692 2 swarms swarm NNS 7960 5692 3 of of IN 7960 5692 4 invaders invader NNS 7960 5692 5 followed follow VBD 7960 5692 6 them -PRON- PRP 7960 5692 7 , , , 7960 5692 8 chiefly chiefly RB 7960 5692 9 Angles angle NNS 7960 5692 10 from from IN 7960 5692 11 what what WP 7960 5692 12 is be VBZ 7960 5692 13 now now RB 7960 5692 14 Schleswig Schleswig NNP 7960 5692 15 - - HYPH 7960 5692 16 Holstein Holstein NNPS 7960 5692 17 and and CC 7960 5692 18 Saxons Saxons NNPS 7960 5692 19 from from IN 7960 5692 20 the the DT 7960 5692 21 neighborhood neighborhood NN 7960 5692 22 of of IN 7960 5692 23 the the DT 7960 5692 24 rivers river NNS 7960 5692 25 Elbe Elbe NNP 7960 5692 26 and and CC 7960 5692 27 Weser Weser NNP 7960 5692 28 in in IN 7960 5692 29 northern northern JJ 7960 5692 30 Germany Germany NNP 7960 5692 31 . . . 7960 5693 1 The the DT 7960 5693 2 invaders invader NNS 7960 5693 3 subdued subdue VBD 7960 5693 4 nearly nearly RB 7960 5693 5 all all PDT 7960 5693 6 that that DT 7960 5693 7 part part NN 7960 5693 8 of of IN 7960 5693 9 Britain Britain NNP 7960 5693 10 that that IN 7960 5693 11 Rome Rome NNP 7960 5693 12 had have VBD 7960 5693 13 previously previously RB 7960 5693 14 conquered conquer VBN 7960 5693 15 . . . 7960 5694 1 In in IN 7960 5694 2 this this DT 7960 5694 3 way way NN 7960 5694 4 the the DT 7960 5694 5 Angles Angles NNPS 7960 5694 6 and and CC 7960 5694 7 Saxons Saxons NNPS 7960 5694 8 became become VBD 7960 5694 9 ancestors ancestor NNS 7960 5694 10 of of IN 7960 5694 11 the the DT 7960 5694 12 English english JJ 7960 5694 13 people people NNS 7960 5694 14 , , , 7960 5694 15 and and CC 7960 5694 16 Engleland Engleland NNP 7960 5694 17 became become VBD 7960 5694 18 England England NNP 7960 5694 19 . . . 7960 5695 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 5695 2 13 13 CD 7960 5695 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 5695 4 POLITICAL POLITICAL NNP 7960 5695 5 SITUATION situation NN 7960 5695 6 IN in IN 7960 5695 7 451 451 CD 7960 5695 8 A.D. a.d. 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CC 7960 5697 2 now now RB 7960 5697 3 the the DT 7960 5697 4 new new JJ 7960 5697 5 Germanic germanic JJ 7960 5697 6 kingdoms kingdom NNS 7960 5697 7 , , , 7960 5697 8 together together RB 7960 5697 9 with with IN 7960 5697 10 what what WP 7960 5697 11 remained remain VBD 7960 5697 12 of of IN 7960 5697 13 the the DT 7960 5697 14 old old JJ 7960 5697 15 empire empire NN 7960 5697 16 , , , 7960 5697 17 were be VBD 7960 5697 18 threatened threaten VBN 7960 5697 19 by by IN 7960 5697 20 a a DT 7960 5697 21 common common JJ 7960 5697 22 foe foe NN 7960 5697 23 -- -- : 7960 5697 24 the the DT 7960 5697 25 terrible terrible JJ 7960 5697 26 Huns Huns NNP 7960 5697 27 . . . 7960 5698 1 85 85 CD 7960 5698 2 . . . 7960 5699 1 INROADS INROADS NNP 7960 5699 2 OF of IN 7960 5699 3 THE the DT 7960 5699 4 HUNS HUNS NNP 7960 5699 5 THE the DT 7960 5699 6 HUNS HUNS NNP 7960 5699 7 We -PRON- PRP 7960 5699 8 know know VBP 7960 5699 9 very very RB 7960 5699 10 little little JJ 7960 5699 11 about about IN 7960 5699 12 the the DT 7960 5699 13 Huns Huns NNPS 7960 5699 14 , , , 7960 5699 15 except except IN 7960 5699 16 that that IN 7960 5699 17 they -PRON- PRP 7960 5699 18 were be VBD 7960 5699 19 not not RB 7960 5699 20 related relate VBN 7960 5699 21 to to IN 7960 5699 22 the the DT 7960 5699 23 Germans Germans NNPS 7960 5699 24 or or CC 7960 5699 25 to to IN 7960 5699 26 any any DT 7960 5699 27 other other JJ 7960 5699 28 European european JJ 7960 5699 29 people people NNS 7960 5699 30 . . . 7960 5700 1 Some some DT 7960 5700 2 scholars scholar NNS 7960 5700 3 believe believe VBP 7960 5700 4 them -PRON- PRP 7960 5700 5 to to TO 7960 5700 6 have have VB 7960 5700 7 belonged belong VBN 7960 5700 8 to to IN 7960 5700 9 the the DT 7960 5700 10 Mongolian mongolian JJ 7960 5700 11 race race NN 7960 5700 12 . . . 7960 5701 1 But but CC 7960 5701 2 the the DT 7960 5701 3 Huns Huns NNP 7960 5701 4 , , , 7960 5701 5 to to IN 7960 5701 6 the the DT 7960 5701 7 excited excited JJ 7960 5701 8 imagination imagination NN 7960 5701 9 of of IN 7960 5701 10 Roman roman JJ 7960 5701 11 writers writer NNS 7960 5701 12 , , , 7960 5701 13 were be VBD 7960 5701 14 demons demon NNS 7960 5701 15 rather rather RB 7960 5701 16 than than IN 7960 5701 17 men man NNS 7960 5701 18 . . . 7960 5702 1 Their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 5702 2 olive olive NN 7960 5702 3 skins skin NNS 7960 5702 4 , , , 7960 5702 5 little little JJ 7960 5702 6 , , , 7960 5702 7 turned turn VBN 7960 5702 8 - - HYPH 7960 5702 9 up up RP 7960 5702 10 noses nose NNS 7960 5702 11 , , , 7960 5702 12 and and CC 7960 5702 13 black black JJ 7960 5702 14 , , , 7960 5702 15 beady beady JJ 7960 5702 16 eyes eye NNS 7960 5702 17 must must MD 7960 5702 18 have have VB 7960 5702 19 given give VBN 7960 5702 20 them -PRON- PRP 7960 5702 21 a a DT 7960 5702 22 very very RB 7960 5702 23 frightful frightful JJ 7960 5702 24 appearance appearance NN 7960 5702 25 . . . 7960 5703 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 5703 2 spent spend VBD 7960 5703 3 most most JJS 7960 5703 4 of of IN 7960 5703 5 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 5703 6 time time NN 7960 5703 7 on on IN 7960 5703 8 horseback horseback NN 7960 5703 9 , , , 7960 5703 10 sweeping sweep VBG 7960 5703 11 over over IN 7960 5703 12 the the DT 7960 5703 13 country country NN 7960 5703 14 like like IN 7960 5703 15 a a DT 7960 5703 16 whirlwind whirlwind NN 7960 5703 17 and and CC 7960 5703 18 leaving leave VBG 7960 5703 19 destruction destruction NN 7960 5703 20 and and CC 7960 5703 21 death death NN 7960 5703 22 in in IN 7960 5703 23 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 5703 24 wake wake NN 7960 5703 25 . . . 7960 5704 1 ATTILA ATTILA NNP 7960 5704 2 THE the DT 7960 5704 3 HUN HUN NNP 7960 5704 4 The the DT 7960 5704 5 Huns Huns NNPS 7960 5704 6 did do VBD 7960 5704 7 not not RB 7960 5704 8 become become VB 7960 5704 9 dangerous dangerous JJ 7960 5704 10 to to IN 7960 5704 11 Rome Rome NNP 7960 5704 12 for for IN 7960 5704 13 more more JJR 7960 5704 14 than than IN 7960 5704 15 half half PDT 7960 5704 16 a a DT 7960 5704 17 century century NN 7960 5704 18 after after IN 7960 5704 19 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 5704 20 first first JJ 7960 5704 21 appearance appearance NN 7960 5704 22 in in IN 7960 5704 23 Europe Europe NNP 7960 5704 24 . . . 7960 5705 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 5705 2 14 14 CD 7960 5705 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 5705 4 During during IN 7960 5705 5 this this DT 7960 5705 6 time time NN 7960 5705 7 they -PRON- PRP 7960 5705 8 moved move VBD 7960 5705 9 into into IN 7960 5705 10 the the DT 7960 5705 11 Danube Danube NNP 7960 5705 12 region region NN 7960 5705 13 and and CC 7960 5705 14 settled settle VBD 7960 5705 15 in in IN 7960 5705 16 the the DT 7960 5705 17 lands land NNS 7960 5705 18 now now RB 7960 5705 19 known know VBN 7960 5705 20 as as IN 7960 5705 21 Austria Austria NNP 7960 5705 22 and and CC 7960 5705 23 Hungary Hungary NNP 7960 5705 24 . . . 7960 5706 1 At at IN 7960 5706 2 last last JJ 7960 5706 3 the the DT 7960 5706 4 Huns Huns NNPS 7960 5706 5 found find VBD 7960 5706 6 a a DT 7960 5706 7 national national JJ 7960 5706 8 leader leader NN 7960 5706 9 in in IN 7960 5706 10 Attila Attila NNP 7960 5706 11 , , , 7960 5706 12 " " '' 7960 5706 13 a a DT 7960 5706 14 man man NN 7960 5706 15 born bear VBN 7960 5706 16 into into IN 7960 5706 17 the the DT 7960 5706 18 world world NN 7960 5706 19 to to TO 7960 5706 20 agitate agitate VB 7960 5706 21 the the DT 7960 5706 22 nations nation NNS 7960 5706 23 , , , 7960 5706 24 the the DT 7960 5706 25 fear fear NN 7960 5706 26 of of IN 7960 5706 27 all all DT 7960 5706 28 lands land NNS 7960 5706 29 , , , 7960 5706 30 " " '' 7960 5706 31 [ [ -LRB- 7960 5706 32 15 15 CD 7960 5706 33 ] ] -RRB- 7960 5706 34 one one CD 7960 5706 35 whose whose WP$ 7960 5706 36 boast boast NN 7960 5706 37 it -PRON- PRP 7960 5706 38 was be VBD 7960 5706 39 that that IN 7960 5706 40 the the DT 7960 5706 41 grass grass NN 7960 5706 42 never never RB 7960 5706 43 grew grow VBD 7960 5706 44 again again RB 7960 5706 45 where where WRB 7960 5706 46 his 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the DT 7960 5708 13 Danube Danube NNP 7960 5708 14 , , , 7960 5708 15 could could MD 7960 5708 16 threaten threaten VB 7960 5708 17 both both DT 7960 5708 18 the the DT 7960 5708 19 East East NNP 7960 5708 20 and and CC 7960 5708 21 the the DT 7960 5708 22 West West NNP 7960 5708 23 . . . 7960 5709 1 The the DT 7960 5709 2 emperors emperor NNS 7960 5709 3 at at IN 7960 5709 4 Constantinople Constantinople NNP 7960 5709 5 bought buy VBD 7960 5709 6 him -PRON- PRP 7960 5709 7 off off RP 7960 5709 8 with with IN 7960 5709 9 lavish lavish JJ 7960 5709 10 gifts gift NNS 7960 5709 11 , , , 7960 5709 12 and and CC 7960 5709 13 so so RB 7960 5709 14 the the DT 7960 5709 15 robber robber NN 7960 5709 16 - - HYPH 7960 5709 17 ruler ruler NN 7960 5709 18 turned turn VBD 7960 5709 19 to to IN 7960 5709 20 the the DT 7960 5709 21 western western JJ 7960 5709 22 provinces province NNS 7960 5709 23 for for IN 7960 5709 24 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 5709 25 prey prey NN 7960 5709 26 . . . 7960 5710 1 In in IN 7960 5710 2 451 451 CD 7960 5710 3 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 5710 4 he -PRON- PRP 7960 5710 5 led lead VBD 7960 5710 6 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 5710 7 motley motley NNP 7960 5710 8 host host NN 7960 5710 9 , , , 7960 5710 10 said say VBD 7960 5710 11 to to IN 7960 5710 12 number number NN 7960 5710 13 half half PDT 7960 5710 14 a a DT 7960 5710 15 million million CD 7960 5710 16 men man NNS 7960 5710 17 , , , 7960 5710 18 across across IN 7960 5710 19 the the DT 7960 5710 20 Rhine Rhine NNP 7960 5710 21 . . . 7960 5711 1 Many many JJ 7960 5711 2 a a DT 7960 5711 3 noble noble JJ 7960 5711 4 municipality municipality NN 7960 5711 5 with with IN 7960 5711 6 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 5711 7 still still RB 7960 5711 8 active active JJ 7960 5711 9 Roman roman JJ 7960 5711 10 life life NN 7960 5711 11 was be VBD 7960 5711 12 visited visit VBN 7960 5711 13 by by IN 7960 5711 14 the the DT 7960 5711 15 Huns Huns NNP 7960 5711 16 with with IN 7960 5711 17 fire fire NN 7960 5711 18 and and CC 7960 5711 19 sword sword NN 7960 5711 20 . . . 7960 5712 1 Paris Paris NNP 7960 5712 2 , , , 7960 5712 3 it -PRON- PRP 7960 5712 4 is be VBZ 7960 5712 5 worthy worthy JJ 7960 5712 6 of of IN 7960 5712 7 note note NN 7960 5712 8 , , , 7960 5712 9 escaped escape VBD 7960 5712 10 destruction destruction NN 7960 5712 11 . . . 7960 5713 1 That that IN 7960 5713 2 now now RB 7960 5713 3 famous famous JJ 7960 5713 4 city city NN 7960 5713 5 was be VBD 7960 5713 6 then then RB 7960 5713 7 only only RB 7960 5713 8 a a DT 7960 5713 9 little little JJ 7960 5713 10 village village NN 7960 5713 11 on on IN 7960 5713 12 an an DT 7960 5713 13 island island NN 7960 5713 14 in in IN 7960 5713 15 the the DT 7960 5713 16 Seine Seine NNP 7960 5713 17 . . . 7960 5714 1 BATTLE battle NN 7960 5714 2 OF of IN 7960 5714 3 CHÂLONS CHÂLONS NNP 7960 5714 4 , , , 7960 5714 5 451 451 CD 7960 5714 6 A.D. a.d. NN 7960 5715 1 In in IN 7960 5715 2 this this DT 7960 5715 3 hour hour NN 7960 5715 4 of of IN 7960 5715 5 danger danger NN 7960 5715 6 Romans Romans NNPS 7960 5715 7 and and CC 7960 5715 8 Germans Germans NNPS 7960 5715 9 gave give VBD 7960 5715 10 up up RP 7960 5715 11 quarreling quarreling NNP 7960 5715 12 and and CC 7960 5715 13 united unite VBN 7960 5715 14 against against IN 7960 5715 15 the the DT 7960 5715 16 common common JJ 7960 5715 17 foe foe NN 7960 5715 18 . . . 7960 5716 1 Visigoths visigoth NNS 7960 5716 2 under under IN 7960 5716 3 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 5716 4 native native JJ 7960 5716 5 king king NN 7960 5716 6 hastened hasten VBD 7960 5716 7 from from IN 7960 5716 8 Spain Spain NNP 7960 5716 9 ; ; : 7960 5716 10 Burgundians Burgundians NNPS 7960 5716 11 and and CC 7960 5716 12 Franks Franks NNP 7960 5716 13 joined join VBD 7960 5716 14 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 5716 15 ranks rank NNS 7960 5716 16 ; ; : 7960 5716 17 to to IN 7960 5716 18 these these DT 7960 5716 19 forces force NNS 7960 5716 20 a a DT 7960 5716 21 German german JJ 7960 5716 22 general general NN 7960 5716 23 , , , 7960 5716 24 named name VBN 7960 5716 25 Aëtius Aëtius NNP 7960 5716 26 , , , 7960 5716 27 added add VBD 7960 5716 28 the the DT 7960 5716 29 last last JJ 7960 5716 30 Roman roman JJ 7960 5716 31 army army NN 7960 5716 32 in in IN 7960 5716 33 the the DT 7960 5716 34 West West NNP 7960 5716 35 . . . 7960 5717 1 Opposed oppose VBN 7960 5717 2 to to IN 7960 5717 3 them -PRON- PRP 7960 5717 4 Attila Attila NNP 7960 5717 5 had have VBD 7960 5717 6 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 5717 7 Huns Huns NNP 7960 5717 8 , , , 7960 5717 9 the the DT 7960 5717 10 conquered conquer VBN 7960 5717 11 Ostrogoths ostrogoth NNS 7960 5717 12 , , , 7960 5717 13 and and CC 7960 5717 14 many many JJ 7960 5717 15 other other JJ 7960 5717 16 barbarian barbarian JJ 7960 5717 17 peoples people NNS 7960 5717 18 . . . 7960 5718 1 The the DT 7960 5718 2 battle battle NN 7960 5718 3 of of IN 7960 5718 4 Châlons Châlons NNPS 7960 5718 5 has have VBZ 7960 5718 6 well well RB 7960 5718 7 been be VBN 7960 5718 8 called call VBN 7960 5718 9 a a DT 7960 5718 10 struggle struggle NN 7960 5718 11 of of IN 7960 5718 12 the the DT 7960 5718 13 nations nation NNS 7960 5718 14 . . . 7960 5719 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 5719 2 was be VBD 7960 5719 3 one one CD 7960 5719 4 of of IN 7960 5719 5 the the DT 7960 5719 6 fiercest fierce JJS 7960 5719 7 conflicts conflict NNS 7960 5719 8 recorded record VBN 7960 5719 9 in in IN 7960 5719 10 history history NN 7960 5719 11 . . . 7960 5720 1 On on IN 7960 5720 2 both both DT 7960 5720 3 sides side NNS 7960 5720 4 thousands thousand NNS 7960 5720 5 perished perish VBD 7960 5720 6 , , , 7960 5720 7 but but CC 7960 5720 8 so so RB 7960 5720 9 many many JJ 7960 5720 10 more more JJR 7960 5720 11 of of IN 7960 5720 12 Attila Attila NNP 7960 5720 13 's 's POS 7960 5720 14 men man NNS 7960 5720 15 fell fall VBD 7960 5720 16 that that IN 7960 5720 17 he -PRON- PRP 7960 5720 18 dared dare VBD 7960 5720 19 not not RB 7960 5720 20 risk risk VB 7960 5720 21 a a DT 7960 5720 22 fresh fresh JJ 7960 5720 23 encounter encounter NN 7960 5720 24 on on IN 7960 5720 25 the the DT 7960 5720 26 following follow VBG 7960 5720 27 day day NN 7960 5720 28 . . . 7960 5721 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 5721 2 drew draw VBD 7960 5721 3 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 5721 4 shattered shattered JJ 7960 5721 5 forces force NNS 7960 5721 6 together together RB 7960 5721 7 and and CC 7960 5721 8 retreated retreat VBD 7960 5721 9 beyond beyond IN 7960 5721 10 the the DT 7960 5721 11 Rhine Rhine NNP 7960 5721 12 . . . 7960 5722 1 ATTILA ATTILA NNP 7960 5722 2 INVADES INVADES NNP 7960 5722 3 ITALY ITALY NNP 7960 5722 4 , , , 7960 5722 5 452 452 CD 7960 5722 6 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 5723 1 In in IN 7960 5723 2 spite spite NN 7960 5723 3 of of IN 7960 5723 4 this this DT 7960 5723 5 setback setback NN 7960 5723 6 Attila Attila NNP 7960 5723 7 did do VBD 7960 5723 8 not not RB 7960 5723 9 abandon abandon VB 7960 5723 10 the the DT 7960 5723 11 hope hope NN 7960 5723 12 of of IN 7960 5723 13 conquest conquest NNP 7960 5723 14 . . . 7960 5724 1 The the DT 7960 5724 2 next next JJ 7960 5724 3 year year NN 7960 5724 4 he -PRON- PRP 7960 5724 5 led lead VBD 7960 5724 6 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 5724 7 still still RB 7960 5724 8 formidable formidable JJ 7960 5724 9 army army NN 7960 5724 10 over over IN 7960 5724 11 the the DT 7960 5724 12 Julian Julian NNP 7960 5724 13 Alps Alps NNP 7960 5724 14 and and CC 7960 5724 15 burned burn VBD 7960 5724 16 or or CC 7960 5724 17 plundered plunder VBD 7960 5724 18 many many JJ 7960 5724 19 towns town NNS 7960 5724 20 of of IN 7960 5724 21 northern northern JJ 7960 5724 22 Italy Italy NNP 7960 5724 23 . . . 7960 5725 1 A a DT 7960 5725 2 few few JJ 7960 5725 3 trembling tremble VBG 7960 5725 4 fugitives fugitive NNS 7960 5725 5 sought seek VBD 7960 5725 6 shelter shelter NN 7960 5725 7 on on IN 7960 5725 8 the the DT 7960 5725 9 islands island NNS 7960 5725 10 at at IN 7960 5725 11 the the DT 7960 5725 12 head head NN 7960 5725 13 of of IN 7960 5725 14 the the DT 7960 5725 15 Adriatic Adriatic NNP 7960 5725 16 . . . 7960 5726 1 Out out IN 7960 5726 2 of of IN 7960 5726 3 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 5726 4 rude rude JJ 7960 5726 5 huts hut NNS 7960 5726 6 grew grow VBD 7960 5726 7 up up RP 7960 5726 8 in in IN 7960 5726 9 the the DT 7960 5726 10 Middle Middle NNP 7960 5726 11 Ages Ages NNPS 7960 5726 12 splendid splendid JJ 7960 5726 13 and and CC 7960 5726 14 famous famous JJ 7960 5726 15 Venice Venice NNP 7960 5726 16 , , , 7960 5726 17 a a DT 7960 5726 18 city city NN 7960 5726 19 that that WDT 7960 5726 20 in in IN 7960 5726 21 later later JJ 7960 5726 22 centuries century NNS 7960 5726 23 was be VBD 7960 5726 24 to to TO 7960 5726 25 help help VB 7960 5726 26 defend defend VB 7960 5726 27 Europe Europe NNP 7960 5726 28 against against IN 7960 5726 29 those those DT 7960 5726 30 kinsmen kinsman NNS 7960 5726 31 of of IN 7960 5726 32 the the DT 7960 5726 33 Huns Huns NNP 7960 5726 34 , , , 7960 5726 35 the the DT 7960 5726 36 Turks Turks NNPS 7960 5726 37 . . . 7960 5727 1 DEATH death NN 7960 5727 2 OF of IN 7960 5727 3 ATTILA ATTILA NNP 7960 5727 4 , , , 7960 5727 5 453 453 CD 7960 5727 6 A.D. 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NNP 7960 5739 4 the the DT 7960 5739 5 ships ship NNS 7960 5739 6 of of IN 7960 5739 7 the the DT 7960 5739 8 Vandals vandal NNS 7960 5739 9 , , , 7960 5739 10 led lead VBN 7960 5739 11 by by IN 7960 5739 12 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 5739 13 king king NN 7960 5739 14 , , , 7960 5739 15 Gaiseric Gaiseric NNP 7960 5739 16 , , , 7960 5739 17 appeared appear VBD 7960 5739 18 at at IN 7960 5739 19 the the DT 7960 5739 20 mouth mouth NN 7960 5739 21 of of IN 7960 5739 22 the the DT 7960 5739 23 Tiber Tiber NNP 7960 5739 24 . . . 7960 5740 1 The the DT 7960 5740 2 Romans Romans NNPS 7960 5740 3 could could MD 7960 5740 4 offer offer VB 7960 5740 5 no no DT 7960 5740 6 resistance resistance NN 7960 5740 7 . . . 7960 5741 1 Only only RB 7960 5741 2 the the DT 7960 5741 3 noble noble JJ 7960 5741 4 bishop bishop NN 7960 5741 5 Leo Leo NNP 7960 5741 6 went go VBD 7960 5741 7 out out RP 7960 5741 8 with with IN 7960 5741 9 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 5741 10 clergy clergy NNS 7960 5741 11 to to TO 7960 5741 12 meet meet VB 7960 5741 13 the the DT 7960 5741 14 invader invader NN 7960 5741 15 and and CC 7960 5741 16 intercede intercede NNS 7960 5741 17 for for IN 7960 5741 18 the the DT 7960 5741 19 city city NN 7960 5741 20 . . . 7960 5742 1 Gaiseric Gaiseric NNP 7960 5742 2 promised promise VBD 7960 5742 3 to to TO 7960 5742 4 spare spare VB 7960 5742 5 the the DT 7960 5742 6 lives life NNS 7960 5742 7 of of IN 7960 5742 8 the the DT 7960 5742 9 inhabitants inhabitant NNS 7960 5742 10 and and CC 7960 5742 11 not not RB 7960 5742 12 to to TO 7960 5742 13 destroy destroy VB 7960 5742 14 the the DT 7960 5742 15 public public JJ 7960 5742 16 buildings building NNS 7960 5742 17 . . . 7960 5743 1 These these DT 7960 5743 2 were be VBD 7960 5743 3 the the DT 7960 5743 4 best good JJS 7960 5743 5 terms term NNS 7960 5743 6 he -PRON- PRP 7960 5743 7 would would MD 7960 5743 8 grant grant VB 7960 5743 9 . . . 7960 5744 1 The the DT 7960 5744 2 Vandals vandal NNS 7960 5744 3 spent spend VBD 7960 5744 4 fourteen fourteen CD 7960 5744 5 days day NNS 7960 5744 6 stripping strip VBG 7960 5744 7 Rome Rome NNP 7960 5744 8 of of IN 7960 5744 9 her -PRON- PRP$ 7960 5744 10 wealth wealth NN 7960 5744 11 . . . 7960 5745 1 Besides besides IN 7960 5745 2 shiploads shipload NNS 7960 5745 3 of of IN 7960 5745 4 booty booty RB 7960 5745 5 the the DT 7960 5745 6 Vandals vandal NNS 7960 5745 7 took take VBD 7960 5745 8 away away RB 7960 5745 9 thousands thousand NNS 7960 5745 10 of of IN 7960 5745 11 Romans Romans NNPS 7960 5745 12 as as IN 7960 5745 13 slaves slave NNS 7960 5745 14 , , , 7960 5745 15 including include VBG 7960 5745 16 the the DT 7960 5745 17 widow widow NN 7960 5745 18 and and CC 7960 5745 19 two two CD 7960 5745 20 daughters daughter NNS 7960 5745 21 of of IN 7960 5745 22 an an DT 7960 5745 23 emperor emperor NN 7960 5745 24 . . . 7960 5746 1 THE the DT 7960 5746 2 ROMAN ROMAN NNP 7960 5746 3 EMPIRE EMPIRE NNP 7960 5746 4 IN in IN 7960 5746 5 THE the DT 7960 5746 6 WEST west NN 7960 5746 7 , , , 7960 5746 8 455 455 CD 7960 5746 9 - - SYM 7960 5746 10 476 476 CD 7960 5746 11 A.D. 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NNP 7960 5746 12 After after IN 7960 5746 13 the the DT 7960 5746 14 Vandal Vandal NNP 7960 5746 15 sack sack NN 7960 5746 16 of of IN 7960 5746 17 Rome Rome NNP 7960 5746 18 the the DT 7960 5746 19 imperial imperial JJ 7960 5746 20 throne throne NN 7960 5746 21 became become VBD 7960 5746 22 the the DT 7960 5746 23 mere mere JJ 7960 5746 24 plaything plaything NN 7960 5746 25 of of IN 7960 5746 26 the the DT 7960 5746 27 army army NN 7960 5746 28 and and CC 7960 5746 29 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 5746 30 leaders leader NNS 7960 5746 31 . . . 7960 5747 1 A a DT 7960 5747 2 German german JJ 7960 5747 3 commander commander NN 7960 5747 4 , , , 7960 5747 5 named name VBN 7960 5747 6 Ricimer Ricimer NNP 7960 5747 7 , , , 7960 5747 8 set set VBN 7960 5747 9 up up RP 7960 5747 10 and and CC 7960 5747 11 deposed depose VBD 7960 5747 12 four four CD 7960 5747 13 puppet puppet NN 7960 5747 14 emperors emperor NNS 7960 5747 15 within within IN 7960 5747 16 five five CD 7960 5747 17 years year NNS 7960 5747 18 . . . 7960 5748 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 5748 2 was be VBD 7960 5748 3 , , , 7960 5748 4 in in IN 7960 5748 5 fact fact NN 7960 5748 6 , , , 7960 5748 7 the the DT 7960 5748 8 real real JJ 7960 5748 9 ruler ruler NN 7960 5748 10 of of IN 7960 5748 11 Italy Italy NNP 7960 5748 12 at at IN 7960 5748 13 this this DT 7960 5748 14 time time NN 7960 5748 15 . . . 7960 5749 1 After after IN 7960 5749 2 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 5749 3 death death NN 7960 5749 4 Orestes Orestes NNP 7960 5749 5 , , , 7960 5749 6 another another DT 7960 5749 7 German german JJ 7960 5749 8 general general NN 7960 5749 9 , , , 7960 5749 10 went go VBD 7960 5749 11 a a DT 7960 5749 12 step step NN 7960 5749 13 beyond beyond IN 7960 5749 14 Ricimer Ricimer NNP 7960 5749 15 's 's POS 7960 5749 16 policy policy NN 7960 5749 17 and and CC 7960 5749 18 placed place VBD 7960 5749 19 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 5749 20 own own JJ 7960 5749 21 son son NN 7960 5749 22 on on IN 7960 5749 23 the the DT 7960 5749 24 throne throne NN 7960 5749 25 of of IN 7960 5749 26 the the DT 7960 5749 27 Caesars Caesars NNP 7960 5749 28 . . . 7960 5750 1 By by IN 7960 5750 2 a a DT 7960 5750 3 curious curious JJ 7960 5750 4 coincidence coincidence NN 7960 5750 5 , , , 7960 5750 6 this this DT 7960 5750 7 lad lad NN 7960 5750 8 bore bear VBD 7960 5750 9 the the DT 7960 5750 10 name name NN 7960 5750 11 of of IN 7960 5750 12 Romulus Romulus NNP 7960 5750 13 , , , 7960 5750 14 legendary legendary JJ 7960 5750 15 founder founder NN 7960 5750 16 of of IN 7960 5750 17 Rome Rome NNP 7960 5750 18 , , , 7960 5750 19 and and CC 7960 5750 20 the the DT 7960 5750 21 nickname nickname NN 7960 5750 22 of of IN 7960 5750 23 Augustulus Augustulus NNP 7960 5750 24 ( ( -LRB- 7960 5750 25 " " `` 7960 5750 26 the the DT 7960 5750 27 little little JJ 7960 5750 28 Augustus Augustus NNP 7960 5750 29 " " '' 7960 5750 30 ) ) -RRB- 7960 5750 31 . . . 7960 5751 1 The the DT 7960 5751 2 boy boy NN 7960 5751 3 emperor emperor NN 7960 5751 4 reigned reign VBD 7960 5751 5 less less JJR 7960 5751 6 than than IN 7960 5751 7 a a DT 7960 5751 8 year year NN 7960 5751 9 . . . 7960 5752 1 The the DT 7960 5752 2 German german JJ 7960 5752 3 troops troop NNS 7960 5752 4 clamored clamor VBD 7960 5752 5 for for IN 7960 5752 6 a a DT 7960 5752 7 third third NN 7960 5752 8 of of IN 7960 5752 9 the the DT 7960 5752 10 lands land NNS 7960 5752 11 of of IN 7960 5752 12 Italy Italy NNP 7960 5752 13 and and CC 7960 5752 14 , , , 7960 5752 15 when when WRB 7960 5752 16 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 5752 17 demand demand NN 7960 5752 18 was be VBD 7960 5752 19 refused refuse VBN 7960 5752 20 , , , 7960 5752 21 proclaimed proclaim VBN 7960 5752 22 Odoacer Odoacer NNP 7960 5752 23 king king NN 7960 5752 24 . . . 7960 5753 1 The the DT 7960 5753 2 poor poor JJ 7960 5753 3 little little JJ 7960 5753 4 emperor emperor NN 7960 5753 5 , , , 7960 5753 6 Romulus Romulus NNP 7960 5753 7 Augustulus Augustulus NNP 7960 5753 8 , , , 7960 5753 9 was be VBD 7960 5753 10 sent send VBN 7960 5753 11 to to IN 7960 5753 12 a a DT 7960 5753 13 villa villa NN 7960 5753 14 near near IN 7960 5753 15 Naples Naples NNP 7960 5753 16 , , , 7960 5753 17 where where WRB 7960 5753 18 he -PRON- PRP 7960 5753 19 disappears disappear VBZ 7960 5753 20 from from IN 7960 5753 21 history history NN 7960 5753 22 . . . 7960 5754 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 5754 2 Illustration illustration NN 7960 5754 3 : : : 7960 5754 4 Map Map NNP 7960 5754 5 , , , 7960 5754 6 EUROPE EUROPE NNP 7960 5754 7 at at IN 7960 5754 8 the the DT 7960 5754 9 Deposition Deposition NNP 7960 5754 10 of of IN 7960 5754 11 Romulus Romulus NNP 7960 5754 12 Augustulus Augustulus NNP 7960 5754 13 476 476 CD 7960 5754 14 A.D. 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naturally naturally RB 7960 5766 4 ushered usher VBD 7960 5766 5 in in RP 7960 5766 6 a a DT 7960 5766 7 long long JJ 7960 5766 8 period period NN 7960 5766 9 of of IN 7960 5766 10 confusion confusion NN 7960 5766 11 and and CC 7960 5766 12 disorder disorder NN 7960 5766 13 , , , 7960 5766 14 during during IN 7960 5766 15 which which WDT 7960 5766 16 the the DT 7960 5766 17 new new JJ 7960 5766 18 race race NN 7960 5766 19 slowly slowly RB 7960 5766 20 raised raise VBD 7960 5766 21 itself -PRON- PRP 7960 5766 22 to to IN 7960 5766 23 a a DT 7960 5766 24 level level NN 7960 5766 25 of of IN 7960 5766 26 culture culture NN 7960 5766 27 somewhat somewhat RB 7960 5766 28 approaching approaching JJ 7960 5766 29 that that IN 7960 5766 30 which which WDT 7960 5766 31 the the DT 7960 5766 32 Greeks Greeks NNPS 7960 5766 33 and and CC 7960 5766 34 the the DT 7960 5766 35 Romans Romans NNPS 7960 5766 36 had have VBD 7960 5766 37 attained attain VBN 7960 5766 38 . . . 7960 5767 1 RETROGRESSIVE retrogressive NN 7960 5767 2 FORCES force NNS 7960 5767 3 The the DT 7960 5767 4 Germans Germans NNPS 7960 5767 5 in in IN 7960 5767 6 many many JJ 7960 5767 7 ways way NNS 7960 5767 8 did do VBD 7960 5767 9 injury injury NN 7960 5767 10 to to IN 7960 5767 11 classical classical JJ 7960 5767 12 civilization civilization NN 7960 5767 13 . . . 7960 5768 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 5768 2 sometimes sometimes RB 7960 5768 3 destroyed destroy VBD 7960 5768 4 Roman roman JJ 7960 5768 5 cities city NNS 7960 5768 6 and and CC 7960 5768 7 killed kill VBD 7960 5768 8 or or CC 7960 5768 9 enslaved enslave VBD 7960 5768 10 the the DT 7960 5768 11 inhabitants inhabitant NNS 7960 5768 12 . . . 7960 5769 1 Even even RB 7960 5769 2 when when WRB 7960 5769 3 the the DT 7960 5769 4 invaders invader NNS 7960 5769 5 settled settle VBN 7960 5769 6 peaceably peaceably RB 7960 5769 7 in in IN 7960 5769 8 the the DT 7960 5769 9 empire empire NN 7960 5769 10 , , , 7960 5769 11 they -PRON- PRP 7960 5769 12 took take VBD 7960 5769 13 possession possession NN 7960 5769 14 of of IN 7960 5769 15 the the DT 7960 5769 16 land land NN 7960 5769 17 and and CC 7960 5769 18 set set VBD 7960 5769 19 up up RP 7960 5769 20 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 5769 21 own own JJ 7960 5769 22 tribal tribal JJ 7960 5769 23 governments government NNS 7960 5769 24 in in IN 7960 5769 25 place place NN 7960 5769 26 of of IN 7960 5769 27 the the DT 7960 5769 28 Roman Roman NNP 7960 5769 29 . . . 7960 5770 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 5770 2 allowed allow VBD 7960 5770 3 aqueducts aqueduct NNS 7960 5770 4 , , , 7960 5770 5 bridges bridge NNS 7960 5770 6 , , , 7960 5770 7 and and CC 7960 5770 8 roads road NNS 7960 5770 9 to to TO 7960 5770 10 go go VB 7960 5770 11 without without IN 7960 5770 12 repairs repair NNS 7960 5770 13 , , , 7960 5770 14 and and CC 7960 5770 15 theaters theater NNS 7960 5770 16 , , , 7960 5770 17 baths bath NNS 7960 5770 18 , , , 7960 5770 19 and and CC 7960 5770 20 other other JJ 7960 5770 21 public public JJ 7960 5770 22 buildings building NNS 7960 5770 23 to to TO 7960 5770 24 sink sink VB 7960 5770 25 into into IN 7960 5770 26 ruins ruin NNS 7960 5770 27 . . . 7960 5771 1 Having have VBG 7960 5771 2 no no DT 7960 5771 3 appreciation appreciation NN 7960 5771 4 of of IN 7960 5771 5 education education NN 7960 5771 6 , , , 7960 5771 7 the the DT 7960 5771 8 Germans Germans NNPS 7960 5771 9 failed fail VBD 7960 5771 10 to to TO 7960 5771 11 keep keep VB 7960 5771 12 up up RP 7960 5771 13 the the DT 7960 5771 14 schools school NNS 7960 5771 15 , , , 7960 5771 16 universities university NNS 7960 5771 17 , , , 7960 5771 18 and and CC 7960 5771 19 libraries library NNS 7960 5771 20 . . . 7960 5772 1 Being be VBG 7960 5772 2 devoted devote VBN 7960 5772 3 chiefly chiefly RB 7960 5772 4 to to IN 7960 5772 5 agriculture agriculture NN 7960 5772 6 , , , 7960 5772 7 they -PRON- PRP 7960 5772 8 had have VBD 7960 5772 9 no no DT 7960 5772 10 need need NN 7960 5772 11 for for IN 7960 5772 12 foreign foreign 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27 those those DT 7960 5774 28 that that WDT 7960 5774 29 made make VBD 7960 5774 30 for for IN 7960 5774 31 decline decline NN 7960 5774 32 . . . 7960 5775 1 Classical classical JJ 7960 5775 2 civilization civilization NN 7960 5775 3 , , , 7960 5775 4 we -PRON- PRP 7960 5775 5 have have VBP 7960 5775 6 already already RB 7960 5775 7 found find VBN 7960 5775 8 reason reason NN 7960 5775 9 to to TO 7960 5775 10 believe believe VB 7960 5775 11 , , , 7960 5775 12 [ [ -LRB- 7960 5775 13 17 17 CD 7960 5775 14 ] ] -RRB- 7960 5775 15 had have VBD 7960 5775 16 begun begin VBN 7960 5775 17 to to TO 7960 5775 18 decay decay VB 7960 5775 19 long long RB 7960 5775 20 before before IN 7960 5775 21 the the DT 7960 5775 22 Germans Germans NNPS 7960 5775 23 broke break VBD 7960 5775 24 up up RP 7960 5775 25 the the DT 7960 5775 26 empire empire NN 7960 5775 27 . . . 7960 5776 1 The the DT 7960 5776 2 Germans Germans NNPS 7960 5776 3 came come VBD 7960 5776 4 , , , 7960 5776 5 as as IN 7960 5776 6 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5838 3 that that IN 7960 5838 4 an an DT 7960 5838 5 Athenian athenian JJ 7960 5838 6 or or CC 7960 5838 7 a a DT 7960 5838 8 Roman Roman NNP 7960 5838 9 learned learn VBN 7960 5838 10 , , , 7960 5838 11 from from IN 7960 5838 12 early early JJ 7960 5838 13 childhood childhood NN 7960 5838 14 , , , 7960 5838 15 to to TO 7960 5838 16 love love VB 7960 5838 17 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 5838 18 city city NN 7960 5838 19 with with IN 7960 5838 20 passionate passionate JJ 7960 5838 21 devotion devotion NN 7960 5838 22 . . . 7960 5839 1 89 89 CD 7960 5839 2 . . . 7960 5840 1 EDUCATION education NN 7960 5840 2 AND and CC 7960 5840 3 THE the DT 7960 5840 4 CONDITION condition NN 7960 5840 5 OF of IN 7960 5840 6 CHILDREN child NNS 7960 5840 7 IMPORTANCE importance NN 7960 5840 8 OF of IN 7960 5840 9 MALE male JJ 7960 5840 10 CHILDREN child NNS 7960 5840 11 The the DT 7960 5840 12 coming come VBG 7960 5840 13 of of IN 7960 5840 14 a a DT 7960 5840 15 child child NN 7960 5840 16 , , , 7960 5840 17 to 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7960 5907 28 . . . 7960 5908 1 She -PRON- PRP 7960 5908 2 did do VBD 7960 5908 3 not not RB 7960 5908 4 remain remain VB 7960 5908 5 all all PDT 7960 5908 6 the the DT 7960 5908 7 time time NN 7960 5908 8 at at IN 7960 5908 9 home home NN 7960 5908 10 , , , 7960 5908 11 but but CC 7960 5908 12 mingled mingle VBD 7960 5908 13 freely freely RB 7960 5908 14 in in IN 7960 5908 15 society society NN 7960 5908 16 . . . 7960 5909 1 She -PRON- PRP 7960 5909 2 was be VBD 7960 5909 3 the the DT 7960 5909 4 friend friend NN 7960 5909 5 and and CC 7960 5909 6 confidante confidante NN 7960 5909 7 of of IN 7960 5909 8 her -PRON- PRP$ 7960 5909 9 husband husband NN 7960 5909 10 , , , 7960 5909 11 as as RB 7960 5909 12 well well RB 7960 5909 13 as as IN 7960 5909 14 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 5909 15 housekeeper housekeeper NN 7960 5909 16 . . . 7960 5910 1 During during IN 7960 5910 2 the the DT 7960 5910 3 great great JJ 7960 5910 4 days day NNS 7960 5910 5 of of IN 7960 5910 6 Roman roman JJ 7960 5910 7 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NN 7960 5917 4 a a DT 7960 5917 5 man man NN 7960 5917 6 wore wear VBD 7960 5917 7 only only RB 7960 5917 8 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 5917 9 tunic tunic NN 7960 5917 10 ; ; : 7960 5917 11 out out IN 7960 5917 12 of of IN 7960 5917 13 doors door NNS 7960 5917 14 and and CC 7960 5917 15 on on IN 7960 5917 16 the the DT 7960 5917 17 street street NN 7960 5917 18 he -PRON- PRP 7960 5917 19 usually usually RB 7960 5917 20 wore wear VBD 7960 5917 21 the the DT 7960 5917 22 mantle mantle NN 7960 5917 23 over over IN 7960 5917 24 it -PRON- PRP 7960 5917 25 . . . 7960 5918 1 Very very RB 7960 5918 2 similar similar JJ 7960 5918 3 to to IN 7960 5918 4 the the DT 7960 5918 5 two two CD 7960 5918 6 main main JJ 7960 5918 7 articles article NNS 7960 5918 8 of of IN 7960 5918 9 Greek greek JJ 7960 5918 10 clothing clothing NN 7960 5918 11 were be VBD 7960 5918 12 the the DT 7960 5918 13 Roman Roman NNP 7960 5918 14 _ _ NNP 7960 5918 15 tunica tunica NNP 7960 5918 16 _ _ NNP 7960 5918 17 and and CC 7960 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CC 7960 6021 12 her -PRON- PRP$ 7960 6021 13 costume costume NN 7960 6021 14 , , , 7960 6021 15 the the DT 7960 6021 16 modern modern JJ 7960 6021 17 " " `` 7960 6021 18 hobble hobble JJ 7960 6021 19 skirt skirt NN 7960 6021 20 . . . 7960 6021 21 " " '' 7960 6021 22 ] ] -RRB- 7960 6022 1 PANTOMIME PANTOMIME NNP 7960 6022 2 AND and CC 7960 6022 3 VAUDEVILLE VAUDEVILLE NNP 7960 6022 4 AT AT NNP 7960 6022 5 ROME ROME NNP 7960 6022 6 Pantomimes Pantomimes NNPS 7960 6022 7 formed form VBD 7960 6022 8 the the DT 7960 6022 9 staple staple JJ 7960 6022 10 amusement amusement NN 7960 6022 11 of of IN 7960 6022 12 the the DT 7960 6022 13 Roman roman JJ 7960 6022 14 theater theater NN 7960 6022 15 . . . 7960 6023 1 In in IN 7960 6023 2 these these DT 7960 6023 3 performances performance NNS 7960 6023 4 a a DT 7960 6023 5 single single JJ 7960 6023 6 dancer dancer NN 7960 6023 7 , , , 7960 6023 8 by by IN 7960 6023 9 movements movement NNS 7960 6023 10 and and CC 7960 6023 11 gestures gesture NNS 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7960 6026 14 games game NNS 7960 6026 15 of of IN 7960 6026 16 the the DT 7960 6026 17 circus circus NN 7960 6026 18 . . . 7960 6026 19 " " '' 7960 6027 1 At at IN 7960 6027 2 Rome Rome NNP 7960 6027 3 these these DT 7960 6027 4 were be VBD 7960 6027 5 held hold VBN 7960 6027 6 chiefly chiefly RB 7960 6027 7 in in IN 7960 6027 8 the the DT 7960 6027 9 Circus Circus NNP 7960 6027 10 Maximus Maximus NNP 7960 6027 11 . . . 7960 6028 1 Chariot chariot NN 7960 6028 2 races race NNS 7960 6028 3 formed form VBD 7960 6028 4 the the DT 7960 6028 5 principal principal JJ 7960 6028 6 attraction attraction NN 7960 6028 7 of of IN 7960 6028 8 the the DT 7960 6028 9 circus circus NN 7960 6028 10 . . . 7960 6029 1 There there EX 7960 6029 2 were be VBD 7960 6029 3 usually usually RB 7960 6029 4 four four CD 7960 6029 5 horses horse NNS 7960 6029 6 to to IN 7960 6029 7 a a DT 7960 6029 8 chariot chariot NN 7960 6029 9 , , , 7960 6029 10 though though IN 7960 6029 11 sometimes sometimes RB 7960 6029 12 the the DT 7960 6029 13 drivers driver NNS 7960 6029 14 showed show VBD 7960 6029 15 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 6029 16 skill skill NN 7960 6029 17 by by IN 7960 6029 18 handling handle VBG 7960 6029 19 as as RB 7960 6029 20 many many JJ 7960 6029 21 as as IN 7960 6029 22 six six CD 7960 6029 23 or or CC 7960 6029 24 seven seven CD 7960 6029 25 horses horse NNS 7960 6029 26 . . . 7960 6030 1 The the DT 7960 6030 2 contestants contestant NNS 7960 6030 3 whirled whirl VBD 7960 6030 4 seven seven CD 7960 6030 5 times time NNS 7960 6030 6 around around IN 7960 6030 7 the the DT 7960 6030 8 low low JJ 7960 6030 9 wall wall NN 7960 6030 10 , , , 7960 6030 11 or or CC 7960 6030 12 _ _ NNP 7960 6030 13 spina spina NN 7960 6030 14 _ _ NNP 7960 6030 15 , , , 7960 6030 16 which which WDT 7960 6030 17 divided divide VBD 7960 6030 18 the the DT 7960 6030 19 race race NN 7960 6030 20 course course NN 7960 6030 21 . . . 7960 6031 1 The the DT 7960 6031 2 shortness shortness NN 7960 6031 3 of of IN 7960 6031 4 the the DT 7960 6031 5 stretches stretch NNS 7960 6031 6 and and CC 7960 6031 7 the the DT 7960 6031 8 sharp sharp JJ 7960 6031 9 turns turn NNS 7960 6031 10 about about IN 7960 6031 11 the the DT 7960 6031 12 _ _ NNP 7960 6031 13 spina spina NN 7960 6031 14 _ _ NNP 7960 6031 15 must must MD 7960 6031 16 have have VB 7960 6031 17 prevented prevent VBN 7960 6031 18 the the DT 7960 6031 19 attainment attainment JJ 7960 6031 20 of of IN 7960 6031 21 great great JJ 7960 6031 22 speed speed NN 7960 6031 23 . . . 7960 6032 1 A a DT 7960 6032 2 race race NN 7960 6032 3 , , , 7960 6032 4 nevertheless nevertheless RB 7960 6032 5 , , , 7960 6032 6 was be VBD 7960 6032 7 a a DT 7960 6032 8 most most RBS 7960 6032 9 exciting exciting JJ 7960 6032 10 sport sport NN 7960 6032 11 . . . 7960 6033 1 What what WP 7960 6033 2 we -PRON- PRP 7960 6033 3 should should MD 7960 6033 4 call call VB 7960 6033 5 " " `` 7960 6033 6 fouling fouling NN 7960 6033 7 " " '' 7960 6033 8 was be VBD 7960 6033 9 permitted permit VBN 7960 6033 10 and and CC 7960 6033 11 even even RB 7960 6033 12 encouraged encouraged JJ 7960 6033 13 . . . 7960 6034 1 The the DT 7960 6034 2 driver driver NN 7960 6034 3 might may MD 7960 6034 4 turn turn VB 7960 6034 5 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 6034 6 team team NN 7960 6034 7 against against IN 7960 6034 8 another another DT 7960 6034 9 or or CC 7960 6034 10 might may MD 7960 6034 11 endeavor endeavor VB 7960 6034 12 to to TO 7960 6034 13 upset upset VB 7960 6034 14 a a DT 7960 6034 15 rival rival NN 7960 6034 16 's 's POS 7960 6034 17 car car NN 7960 6034 18 . . . 7960 6035 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 6035 2 was be VBD 7960 6035 3 a a DT 7960 6035 4 very very RB 7960 6035 5 tame tame JJ 7960 6035 6 contest contest NN 7960 6035 7 that that WDT 7960 6035 8 did do VBD 7960 6035 9 not not RB 7960 6035 10 have have VB 7960 6035 11 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 6035 12 accompaniment accompaniment NN 7960 6035 13 of of IN 7960 6035 14 broken broken JJ 7960 6035 15 chariots chariot NNS 7960 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6060 13 rabble rabble NN 7960 6060 14 , , , 7960 6060 15 fed feed VBN 7960 6060 16 by by IN 7960 6060 17 the the DT 7960 6060 18 state state NN 7960 6060 19 and and CC 7960 6060 20 amused amuse VBN 7960 6060 21 with with IN 7960 6060 22 the the DT 7960 6060 23 games game NNS 7960 6060 24 . . . 7960 6061 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 6061 2 was be VBD 7960 6061 3 well well RB 7960 6061 4 said say VBN 7960 6061 5 by by IN 7960 6061 6 an an DT 7960 6061 7 ancient ancient JJ 7960 6061 8 satirist satirist NN 7960 6061 9 that that IN 7960 6061 10 the the DT 7960 6061 11 Romans Romans NNPS 7960 6061 12 wanted want VBD 7960 6061 13 only only RB 7960 6061 14 two two CD 7960 6061 15 things thing NNS 7960 6061 16 to to TO 7960 6061 17 make make VB 7960 6061 18 them -PRON- PRP 7960 6061 19 happy--"bread happy--"bread NNS 7960 6061 20 and and CC 7960 6061 21 the the DT 7960 6061 22 games game NNS 7960 6061 23 of of IN 7960 6061 24 the the DT 7960 6061 25 circus circus NN 7960 6061 26 . . . 7960 6061 27 " " 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7960 6063 34 servile servile NN 7960 6063 35 class class NN 7960 6063 36 . . . 7960 6064 1 Slaves slave NNS 7960 6064 2 did do VBD 7960 6064 3 much much JJ 7960 6064 4 of of IN 7960 6064 5 the the DT 7960 6064 6 heavy heavy JJ 7960 6064 7 and and CC 7960 6064 8 disagreeable disagreeable JJ 7960 6064 9 work work NN 7960 6064 10 in in IN 7960 6064 11 the the DT 7960 6064 12 ancient ancient JJ 7960 6064 13 world world NN 7960 6064 14 , , , 7960 6064 15 thus thus RB 7960 6064 16 allowing allow VBG 7960 6064 17 the the DT 7960 6064 18 free free JJ 7960 6064 19 citizen citizen NN 7960 6064 20 to to TO 7960 6064 21 engage engage VB 7960 6064 22 in in IN 7960 6064 23 more more RBR 7960 6064 24 honorable honorable JJ 7960 6064 25 employment employment NN 7960 6064 26 or or CC 7960 6064 27 to to TO 7960 6064 28 pass pass VB 7960 6064 29 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 6064 30 days day NNS 7960 6064 31 in in IN 7960 6064 32 dignified dignified JJ 7960 6064 33 leisure leisure NN 7960 6064 34 . . . 7960 6065 1 SOURCES source NNS 7960 6065 2 OF of IN 7960 6065 3 SLAVES slaves NN 7960 6065 4 The the DT 7960 6065 5 Greeks Greeks NNPS 7960 6065 6 seem seem VBP 7960 6065 7 sometimes sometimes RB 7960 6065 8 to to TO 7960 6065 9 have have VB 7960 6065 10 thought think VBN 7960 6065 11 that that IN 7960 6065 12 only only RB 7960 6065 13 barbarians barbarian NNS 7960 6065 14 should should MD 7960 6065 15 be be VB 7960 6065 16 degraded degrade VBN 7960 6065 17 to to IN 7960 6065 18 the the DT 7960 6065 19 condition condition NN 7960 6065 20 of of IN 7960 6065 21 servitude servitude NN 7960 6065 22 . . . 7960 6066 1 Most Most JJS 7960 6066 2 Greek greek JJ 7960 6066 3 slaves slave NNS 7960 6066 4 , , , 7960 6066 5 as as IN 7960 6066 6 a a DT 7960 6066 7 matter matter NN 7960 6066 8 of of IN 7960 6066 9 fact fact NN 7960 6066 10 , , , 7960 6066 11 were be VBD 7960 6066 12 purchased purchase VBN 7960 6066 13 from from IN 7960 6066 14 foreign foreign JJ 7960 6066 15 countries country NNS 7960 6066 16 . 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OF of IN 7960 6070 5 SLAVES slaves NN 7960 6070 6 The the DT 7960 6070 7 number number NN 7960 6070 8 of of IN 7960 6070 9 slaves slave NNS 7960 6070 10 , , , 7960 6070 11 though though IN 7960 6070 12 great great JJ 7960 6070 13 enough enough RB 7960 6070 14 in in IN 7960 6070 15 Athens Athens NNP 7960 6070 16 and and CC 7960 6070 17 other other JJ 7960 6070 18 Greek greek JJ 7960 6070 19 cities city NNS 7960 6070 20 , , , 7960 6070 21 reached reach VBD 7960 6070 22 almost almost RB 7960 6070 23 incredible incredible JJ 7960 6070 24 figures figure NNS 7960 6070 25 during during IN 7960 6070 26 the the DT 7960 6070 27 later later JJ 7960 6070 28 period period NN 7960 6070 29 of of IN 7960 6070 30 Roman roman JJ 7960 6070 31 history history NN 7960 6070 32 . . . 7960 6071 1 Every every DT 7960 6071 2 victorious victorious JJ 7960 6071 3 battle battle NN 7960 6071 4 swelled swell VBD 7960 6071 5 the the DT 7960 6071 6 troops troop NNS 7960 6071 7 of of IN 7960 6071 8 captives captive NNS 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moderate moderate JJ 7960 6073 20 circumstances circumstance NNS 7960 6073 21 . . . 7960 6074 1 Wealthy wealthy JJ 7960 6074 2 individuals individual NNS 7960 6074 3 , , , 7960 6074 4 given give VBN 7960 6074 5 to to IN 7960 6074 6 excessive excessive JJ 7960 6074 7 luxury luxury NN 7960 6074 8 , , , 7960 6074 9 might may MD 7960 6074 10 number number VB 7960 6074 11 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 6074 12 city city NN 7960 6074 13 slaves slave NNS 7960 6074 14 by by IN 7960 6074 15 the the DT 7960 6074 16 hundreds hundred NNS 7960 6074 17 , , , 7960 6074 18 besides besides IN 7960 6074 19 many many JJ 7960 6074 20 more more JJR 7960 6074 21 on on IN 7960 6074 22 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 6074 23 country country NN 7960 6074 24 estates estate NNS 7960 6074 25 . . . 7960 6075 1 SLAVES slaves NN 7960 6075 2 ' ' POS 7960 6075 3 TASKS TASKS NNP 7960 6075 4 Slaves Slaves NNPS 7960 6075 5 engaged engage VBD 7960 6075 6 in in IN 7960 6075 7 a a DT 7960 6075 8 great great JJ 7960 6075 9 variety variety NN 7960 6075 10 of of IN 7960 6075 11 occupations occupation NNS 7960 6075 12 . . . 7960 6076 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 6076 2 were be VBD 7960 6076 3 domestic domestic JJ 7960 6076 4 servants servant NNS 7960 6076 5 , , , 7960 6076 6 farm farm NN 7960 6076 7 laborers laborer NNS 7960 6076 8 , , , 7960 6076 9 miners miner NNS 7960 6076 10 , , , 7960 6076 11 artisans artisan NNS 7960 6076 12 , , , 7960 6076 13 factory factory NN 7960 6076 14 hands hand NNS 7960 6076 15 , , , 7960 6076 16 and and CC 7960 6076 17 even even RB 7960 6076 18 shopkeepers shopkeeper NNS 7960 6076 19 . . . 7960 6077 1 Household household NN 7960 6077 2 slaves slave NNS 7960 6077 3 at at IN 7960 6077 4 Rome Rome NNP 7960 6077 5 were be VBD 7960 6077 6 employed employ VBN 7960 6077 7 in in IN 7960 6077 8 every every DT 7960 6077 9 conceivable conceivable JJ 7960 6077 10 way way NN 7960 6077 11 . . . 7960 6078 1 Each each DT 7960 6078 2 part part NN 7960 6078 3 of of IN 7960 6078 4 a a DT 7960 6078 5 rich rich JJ 7960 6078 6 man man NN 7960 6078 7 's 's POS 7960 6078 8 residence residence NN 7960 6078 9 had have VBD 7960 6078 10 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 6078 11 special special JJ 7960 6078 12 staff staff NN 7960 6078 13 of of IN 7960 6078 14 servants servant NNS 7960 6078 15 . . . 7960 6079 1 The the DT 7960 6079 2 possession possession NN 7960 6079 3 of of IN 7960 6079 4 a a DT 7960 6079 5 fine fine JJ 7960 6079 6 troop troop NN 7960 6079 7 of of IN 7960 6079 8 slaves slave NNS 7960 6079 9 , , , 7960 6079 10 dressed dress VBN 7960 6079 11 in in IN 7960 6079 12 handsome handsome JJ 7960 6079 13 liveries livery NNS 7960 6079 14 , , , 7960 6079 15 was be VBD 7960 6079 16 a a DT 7960 6079 17 favorite favorite JJ 7960 6079 18 method method NN 7960 6079 19 of of IN 7960 6079 20 showing show VBG 7960 6079 21 one one PRP 7960 6079 22 's 's POS 7960 6079 23 wealth wealth NN 7960 6079 24 and and CC 7960 6079 25 luxury luxury NN 7960 6079 26 . . . 7960 6080 1 TREATMENT treatment NN 7960 6080 2 OF of IN 7960 6080 3 SLAVES SLAVES NNP 7960 6080 4 It -PRON- PRP 7960 6080 5 is be VBZ 7960 6080 6 difficult difficult JJ 7960 6080 7 for for IN 7960 6080 8 us -PRON- PRP 7960 6080 9 to to TO 7960 6080 10 realize realize VB 7960 6080 11 the the DT 7960 6080 12 attitude attitude NN 7960 6080 13 of of IN 7960 6080 14 ancient ancient JJ 7960 6080 15 peoples people NNS 7960 6080 16 toward toward IN 7960 6080 17 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 6080 18 slaves slave NNS 7960 6080 19 . . . 7960 6081 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 6081 2 were be VBD 7960 6081 3 regarded regard VBN 7960 6081 4 as as IN 7960 6081 5 part part NN 7960 6081 6 of of IN 7960 6081 7 the the DT 7960 6081 8 chattels chattel NNS 7960 6081 9 of of IN 7960 6081 10 the the DT 7960 6081 11 house house NN 7960 6081 12 -- -- : 7960 6081 13 as as IN 7960 6081 14 on on IN 7960 6081 15 a a DT 7960 6081 16 level level NN 7960 6081 17 with with IN 7960 6081 18 domestic domestic JJ 7960 6081 19 animals animal NNS 7960 6081 20 rather rather RB 7960 6081 21 than than IN 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[ [ -LRB- 7960 6083 10 19 19 CD 7960 6083 11 ] ] -RRB- 7960 6083 12 no no DT 7960 6083 13 restraints restraint NNS 7960 6083 14 whatever whatever WDT 7960 6083 15 existed exist VBD 7960 6083 16 upon upon IN 7960 6083 17 the the DT 7960 6083 18 master master NN 7960 6083 19 's 's POS 7960 6083 20 power power NN 7960 6083 21 . . . 7960 6084 1 A a DT 7960 6084 2 slave slave NN 7960 6084 3 was be VBD 7960 6084 4 part part NN 7960 6084 5 of of IN 7960 6084 6 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 6084 7 property property NN 7960 6084 8 with with IN 7960 6084 9 which which WDT 7960 6084 10 he -PRON- PRP 7960 6084 11 could could MD 7960 6084 12 do do VB 7960 6084 13 exactly exactly RB 7960 6084 14 as as IN 7960 6084 15 he -PRON- PRP 7960 6084 16 pleased please VBD 7960 6084 17 . . . 7960 6085 1 The the DT 7960 6085 2 terrible terrible JJ 7960 6085 3 punishments punishment NNS 7960 6085 4 , , , 7960 6085 5 the the DT 7960 6085 6 beating beating NN 7960 6085 7 with with IN 7960 6085 8 scourges scourge NNS 7960 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: 7960 6085 46 all all PDT 7960 6085 47 these these DT 7960 6085 48 tortures torture NNS 7960 6085 49 show show VBP 7960 6085 50 how how WRB 7960 6085 51 hard hard JJ 7960 6085 52 was be VBD 7960 6085 53 the the DT 7960 6085 54 lot lot NN 7960 6085 55 of of IN 7960 6085 56 the the DT 7960 6085 57 bondman bondman NN 7960 6085 58 in in IN 7960 6085 59 pagan pagan NNP 7960 6085 60 Rome Rome NNP 7960 6085 61 . . . 7960 6086 1 POSSIBILITIES possibility NNS 7960 6086 2 OF of IN 7960 6086 3 FREEDOM freedom NN 7960 6086 4 A a DT 7960 6086 5 slave slave NN 7960 6086 6 , , , 7960 6086 7 under under IN 7960 6086 8 some some DT 7960 6086 9 circumstances circumstance NNS 7960 6086 10 , , , 7960 6086 11 could could MD 7960 6086 12 gain gain VB 7960 6086 13 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 6086 14 freedom freedom NN 7960 6086 15 . . . 7960 6087 1 In in IN 7960 6087 2 Greece Greece NNP 7960 6087 3 , , , 7960 6087 4 where where WRB 7960 6087 5 many many JJ 7960 6087 6 little little JJ 7960 6087 7 states state NNS 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15 then then RB 7960 6147 16 of of IN 7960 6147 17 a a DT 7960 6147 18 famous famous JJ 7960 6147 19 Roman Roman NNP 7960 6147 20 who who WP 7960 6147 21 in in IN 7960 6147 22 some some DT 7960 6147 23 way way NN 7960 6147 24 resembled resemble VBD 7960 6147 25 him -PRON- PRP 7960 6147 26 ; ; : 7960 6147 27 and and CC 7960 6147 28 ends end VBZ 7960 6147 29 the the DT 7960 6147 30 account account NN 7960 6147 31 with with IN 7960 6147 32 a a DT 7960 6147 33 short short JJ 7960 6147 34 comparison comparison NN 7960 6147 35 of of IN 7960 6147 36 the the DT 7960 6147 37 two two CD 7960 6147 38 men man NNS 7960 6147 39 . . . 7960 6148 1 Plutarch plutarch NN 7960 6148 2 had have VBD 7960 6148 3 a a DT 7960 6148 4 wonderful wonderful JJ 7960 6148 5 gift gift NN 7960 6148 6 of of IN 7960 6148 7 sympathy sympathy NN 7960 6148 8 for for IN 7960 6148 9 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 6148 10 heroes hero NNS 7960 6148 11 and and CC 7960 6148 12 a a DT 7960 6148 13 keen keen JJ 7960 6148 14 eye eye NN 7960 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6150 15 classical classical JJ 7960 6150 16 world world NN 7960 6150 17 . . . 7960 6151 1 ORIGINALITY originality NN 7960 6151 2 OF of IN 7960 6151 3 GREEK GREEK NNP 7960 6151 4 LITERATURE LITERATURE NNP 7960 6151 5 From from IN 7960 6151 6 the the DT 7960 6151 7 foregoing foregoing JJ 7960 6151 8 survey survey NN 7960 6151 9 it -PRON- PRP 7960 6151 10 is be VBZ 7960 6151 11 clear clear JJ 7960 6151 12 that that IN 7960 6151 13 the the DT 7960 6151 14 Greeks Greeks NNPS 7960 6151 15 were be VBD 7960 6151 16 pioneers pioneer NNS 7960 6151 17 in in IN 7960 6151 18 many many JJ 7960 6151 19 forms form NNS 7960 6151 20 of of IN 7960 6151 21 literature literature NN 7960 6151 22 . . . 7960 6152 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 6152 2 first first RB 7960 6152 3 composed compose VBD 7960 6152 4 artistic artistic JJ 7960 6152 5 epic epic JJ 7960 6152 6 poems poem NNS 7960 6152 7 . . . 7960 6153 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 6153 2 invented invent VBD 7960 6153 3 lyric lyric NN 7960 6153 4 and and CC 7960 6153 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NN 7960 6168 4 declared declare VBD 7960 6168 5 that that IN 7960 6168 6 no no DT 7960 6168 7 one one NN 7960 6168 8 in in IN 7960 6168 9 the the DT 7960 6168 10 world world NN 7960 6168 11 was be VBD 7960 6168 12 wiser wise JJR 7960 6168 13 than than IN 7960 6168 14 Socrates Socrates NNP 7960 6168 15 . . . 7960 6169 1 Yet yet CC 7960 6169 2 he -PRON- PRP 7960 6169 3 lived live VBD 7960 6169 4 through through IN 7960 6169 5 a a DT 7960 6169 6 long long JJ 7960 6169 7 life life NN 7960 6169 8 at at IN 7960 6169 9 Athens Athens NNP 7960 6169 10 , , , 7960 6169 11 a a DT 7960 6169 12 poor poor JJ 7960 6169 13 man man NN 7960 6169 14 who who WP 7960 6169 15 would would MD 7960 6169 16 neither neither CC 7960 6169 17 work work VB 7960 6169 18 at at IN 7960 6169 19 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 6169 20 trade trade NN 7960 6169 21 of of IN 7960 6169 22 sculptor sculptor NN 7960 6169 23 , , , 7960 6169 24 nor nor CC 7960 6169 25 ( ( -LRB- 7960 6169 26 as as IN 7960 6169 27 did do VBD 7960 6169 28 the 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make VBZ 7960 6185 7 Socrates Socrates NNP 7960 6185 8 the the DT 7960 6185 9 chief chief JJ 7960 6185 10 speaker speaker NN 7960 6185 11 . . . 7960 6186 1 Plato Plato NNP 7960 6186 2 's 's POS 7960 6186 3 works work NNS 7960 6186 4 are be VBP 7960 6186 5 both both RB 7960 6186 6 profound profound JJ 7960 6186 7 in in IN 7960 6186 8 thought thought NN 7960 6186 9 and and CC 7960 6186 10 admirable admirable JJ 7960 6186 11 in in IN 7960 6186 12 style style NN 7960 6186 13 . . . 7960 6187 1 The the DT 7960 6187 2 Athenians Athenians NNPS 7960 6187 3 used use VBD 7960 6187 4 to to TO 7960 6187 5 say say VB 7960 6187 6 that that IN 7960 6187 7 if if IN 7960 6187 8 Zeus Zeus NNP 7960 6187 9 had have VBD 7960 6187 10 spoken speak VBN 7960 6187 11 Greek Greek NNP 7960 6187 12 he -PRON- PRP 7960 6187 13 would would MD 7960 6187 14 have have VB 7960 6187 15 spoken speak VBN 7960 6187 16 it -PRON- PRP 7960 6187 17 as as IN 7960 6187 18 did do VBD 7960 6187 19 Plato Plato NNP 7960 6187 20 . . . 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Plato Plato NNP 7960 6189 23 , , , 7960 6189 24 who who WP 7960 6189 25 called call VBD 7960 6189 26 him -PRON- PRP 7960 6189 27 the the DT 7960 6189 28 " " `` 7960 6189 29 mind mind NN 7960 6189 30 " " '' 7960 6189 31 of of IN 7960 6189 32 the the DT 7960 6189 33 school school NN 7960 6189 34 , , , 7960 6189 35 and and CC 7960 6189 36 then then RB 7960 6189 37 as as IN 7960 6189 38 a a DT 7960 6189 39 teacher teacher NN 7960 6189 40 in in IN 7960 6189 41 the the DT 7960 6189 42 Athenian athenian JJ 7960 6189 43 city city NN 7960 6189 44 . . . 7960 6190 1 Aristotle Aristotle NNP 7960 6190 2 seems seem VBZ 7960 6190 3 to to TO 7960 6190 4 have have VB 7960 6190 5 taken take VBN 7960 6190 6 all all DT 7960 6190 7 knowledge knowledge NN 7960 6190 8 for for IN 7960 6190 9 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 6190 10 province province NN 7960 6190 11 . . . 7960 6191 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 6191 2 investigated investigate VBD 7960 6191 3 the the DT 7960 6191 4 ideas idea NNS 7960 6191 5 underlying underlie VBG 7960 6191 6 the the DT 7960 6191 7 arts art NNS 7960 6191 8 of of IN 7960 6191 9 rhetoric rhetoric NN 7960 6191 10 and and CC 7960 6191 11 poetry poetry NN 7960 6191 12 ; ; : 7960 6191 13 he -PRON- PRP 7960 6191 14 gathered gather VBD 7960 6191 15 the the DT 7960 6191 16 constitutions constitution NNS 7960 6191 17 of of IN 7960 6191 18 many many JJ 7960 6191 19 Greek greek JJ 7960 6191 20 states state NNS 7960 6191 21 and and CC 7960 6191 22 drew draw VBD 7960 6191 23 from from IN 7960 6191 24 them -PRON- PRP 7960 6191 25 some some DT 7960 6191 26 general general JJ 7960 6191 27 principles principle NNS 7960 6191 28 of of IN 7960 6191 29 politics politic NNS 7960 6191 30 ; ; : 7960 6191 31 he -PRON- PRP 7960 6191 32 studied study VBD 7960 6191 33 collections collection NNS 7960 6191 34 of of IN 7960 6191 35 strange strange JJ 7960 6191 36 plants plant NNS 7960 6191 37 and and CC 7960 6191 38 animals animal NNS 7960 6191 39 to to TO 7960 6191 40 learn learn VB 7960 6191 41 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 6191 42 structure structure NN 7960 6191 43 and and CC 7960 6191 44 habits habit NNS 7960 6191 45 ; ; : 7960 6191 46 he -PRON- PRP 7960 6191 47 examined examine VBD 7960 6191 48 the the DT 7960 6191 49 acts act NNS 7960 6191 50 and and CC 7960 6191 51 beliefs belief NNS 7960 6191 52 of of IN 7960 6191 53 men man NNS 7960 6191 54 in in IN 7960 6191 55 order order NN 7960 6191 56 to to TO 7960 6191 57 write write VB 7960 6191 58 books book NNS 7960 6191 59 on on IN 7960 6191 60 ethics ethic NNS 7960 6191 61 . . . 7960 6192 1 In in IN 7960 6192 2 all all PDT 7960 6192 3 this this DT 7960 6192 4 investigation investigation NN 7960 6192 5 Aristotle Aristotle NNP 7960 6192 6 was be VBD 7960 6192 7 not not RB 7960 6192 8 content content JJ 7960 6192 9 to to TO 7960 6192 10 accept accept VB 7960 6192 11 what what WDT 7960 6192 12 previous previous JJ 7960 6192 13 men man NNS 7960 6192 14 had have VBD 7960 6192 15 written write VBN 7960 6192 16 or or CC 7960 6192 17 to to TO 7960 6192 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6194 12 philosopher philosopher NN 7960 6194 13 . . . 7960 6195 1 His -PRON- PRP$ 7960 6195 2 books book NNS 7960 6195 3 were be VBD 7960 6195 4 reverently reverently RB 7960 6195 5 studied study VBN 7960 6195 6 for for IN 7960 6195 7 centuries century NNS 7960 6195 8 after after IN 7960 6195 9 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 6195 10 death death NN 7960 6195 11 and and CC 7960 6195 12 are be VBP 7960 6195 13 still still RB 7960 6195 14 used use VBN 7960 6195 15 in in IN 7960 6195 16 our -PRON- PRP$ 7960 6195 17 universities university NNS 7960 6195 18 . . . 7960 6196 1 EPICUREANISM EPICUREANISM NNP 7960 6196 2 The the DT 7960 6196 3 system system NN 7960 6196 4 of of IN 7960 6196 5 philosophy philosophy NN 7960 6196 6 called call VBN 7960 6196 7 Epicureanism epicureanism NN 7960 6196 8 was be VBD 7960 6196 9 founded found VBN 7960 6196 10 by by IN 7960 6196 11 a a DT 7960 6196 12 Greek Greek NNP 7960 6196 13 named name VBN 7960 6196 14 Epicurus Epicurus NNP 7960 6196 15 . . . 7960 6197 1 He 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NNP 7960 6215 19 , , , 7960 6215 20 when when WRB 7960 6215 21 some some DT 7960 6215 22 knowledge knowledge NN 7960 6215 23 of of IN 7960 6215 24 the the DT 7960 6215 25 Greek greek JJ 7960 6215 26 language language NN 7960 6215 27 became become VBD 7960 6215 28 increasingly increasingly RB 7960 6215 29 common common JJ 7960 6215 30 in in IN 7960 6215 31 Rome Rome NNP 7960 6215 32 . . . 7960 6216 1 The the DT 7960 6216 2 earlier early JJR 7960 6216 3 writers writer NNS 7960 6216 4 -- -- : 7960 6216 5 chiefly chiefly RB 7960 6216 6 poets poet NNS 7960 6216 7 and and CC 7960 6216 8 dramatists dramatist NNS 7960 6216 9 -- -- : 7960 6216 10 did do VBD 7960 6216 11 little little JJ 7960 6216 12 original original JJ 7960 6216 13 work work NN 7960 6216 14 , , , 7960 6216 15 and and CC 7960 6216 16 usually usually RB 7960 6216 17 were be VBD 7960 6216 18 content content JJ 7960 6216 19 to to TO 7960 6216 20 translate translate VB 7960 6216 21 and and CC 7960 6216 22 adapt adapt VB 7960 6216 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for IN 7960 6221 12 the the DT 7960 6221 13 expression expression NN 7960 6221 14 of of IN 7960 6221 15 human human JJ 7960 6221 16 thought thought NN 7960 6221 17 . . . 7960 6222 1 Cicero Cicero NNP 7960 6222 2 's 's POS 7960 6222 3 qualities quality NNS 7960 6222 4 as as IN 7960 6222 5 an an DT 7960 6222 6 author author NN 7960 6222 7 are be VBP 7960 6222 8 shown show VBN 7960 6222 9 , , , 7960 6222 10 not not RB 7960 6222 11 only only RB 7960 6222 12 by by IN 7960 6222 13 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 6222 14 _ _ NNP 7960 6222 15 Orations Orations NNPS 7960 6222 16 _ _ NNP 7960 6222 17 , , , 7960 6222 18 but but CC 7960 6222 19 also also RB 7960 6222 20 by by IN 7960 6222 21 the the DT 7960 6222 22 numerous numerous JJ 7960 6222 23 _ _ NNP 7960 6222 24 Epistles Epistles NNPS 7960 6222 25 _ _ NNP 7960 6222 26 which which WDT 7960 6222 27 he -PRON- PRP 7960 6222 28 wrote write VBD 7960 6222 29 to to IN 7960 6222 30 friends friend NNS 7960 6222 31 and and CC 7960 6222 32 correspondents 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NNS 7960 6318 18 . . . 7960 6319 1 Statues statue NNS 7960 6319 2 consisted consist VBD 7960 6319 3 of of IN 7960 6319 4 the the DT 7960 6319 5 images image NNS 7960 6319 6 of of IN 7960 6319 7 the the DT 7960 6319 8 gods god NNS 7960 6319 9 set set VBN 7960 6319 10 up up RP 7960 6319 11 in in IN 7960 6319 12 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 6319 13 shrines shrine NNS 7960 6319 14 , , , 7960 6319 15 the the DT 7960 6319 16 sculptures sculpture NNS 7960 6319 17 dedicated dedicate VBN 7960 6319 18 as as IN 7960 6319 19 offerings offering NNS 7960 6319 20 to to IN 7960 6319 21 divinities divinity NNS 7960 6319 22 , , , 7960 6319 23 and and CC 7960 6319 24 the the DT 7960 6319 25 figures figure NNS 7960 6319 26 of of IN 7960 6319 27 statesmen statesman NNS 7960 6319 28 , , , 7960 6319 29 generals general NNS 7960 6319 30 , , , 7960 6319 31 and and CC 7960 6319 32 victorious victorious JJ 7960 6319 33 athletes athlete NNS 7960 6319 34 raised raise VBN 7960 6319 35 in in IN 7960 6319 36 public public 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RB 7960 6323 7 remarkable remarkable JJ 7960 6323 8 that that IN 7960 6323 9 sculpture sculpture NN 7960 6323 10 reached reach VBN 7960 6323 11 so so RB 7960 6323 12 high high JJ 7960 6323 13 a a DT 7960 6323 14 development development NN 7960 6323 15 in in IN 7960 6323 16 ancient ancient JJ 7960 6323 17 Greece Greece NNP 7960 6323 18 . . . 7960 6324 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 6324 2 32 32 CD 7960 6324 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 6324 4 99 99 CD 7960 6324 5 . . . 7960 6325 1 ROMAN ROMAN NNP 7960 6325 2 ARCHITECTURE ARCHITECTURE NNP 7960 6325 3 AND and CC 7960 6325 4 SCULPTURE sculpture VB 7960 6325 5 THE the DT 7960 6325 6 ARCH ARCH NNS 7960 6325 7 AND and CC 7960 6325 8 DOME dome NN 7960 6325 9 IN in IN 7960 6325 10 ROMAN roman NN 7960 6325 11 BUILDINGS building NNS 7960 6325 12 In in IN 7960 6325 13 architecture architecture NN 7960 6325 14 the the DT 7960 6325 15 Romans Romans NNPS 7960 6325 16 achieved achieve VBD 7960 6325 17 preëminence preëminence NN 7960 6325 18 . . . 7960 6326 1 The the DT 7960 6326 2 temples temple NNS 7960 6326 3 and and CC 7960 6326 4 other other JJ 7960 6326 5 public public JJ 7960 6326 6 works work NNS 7960 6326 7 of of IN 7960 6326 8 Greece Greece NNP 7960 6326 9 seem seem VBP 7960 6326 10 almost almost RB 7960 6326 11 insignificant insignificant JJ 7960 6326 12 beside beside IN 7960 6326 13 the the DT 7960 6326 14 stupendous stupendous JJ 7960 6326 15 edifices edifice NNS 7960 6326 16 raised raise VBN 7960 6326 17 by by IN 7960 6326 18 Roman roman JJ 7960 6326 19 genius genius NN 7960 6326 20 in in IN 7960 6326 21 every every DT 7960 6326 22 province province NN 7960 6326 23 of of IN 7960 6326 24 the the DT 7960 6326 25 empire empire NN 7960 6326 26 . . . 7960 6327 1 The the DT 7960 6327 2 ability ability NN 7960 6327 3 of of IN 7960 6327 4 the the DT 7960 6327 5 Romans Romans NNPS 7960 6327 6 to to TO 7960 6327 7 build build VB 7960 6327 8 on on IN 7960 6327 9 so so RB 7960 6327 10 large large JJ 7960 6327 11 a a DT 7960 6327 12 scale scale NN 7960 6327 13 arose arise VBD 7960 6327 14 from from IN 7960 6327 15 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 6327 16 use use NN 7960 6327 17 of of IN 7960 6327 18 vaulted vaulted JJ 7960 6327 19 constructions construction NNS 7960 6327 20 . . . 7960 6328 1 Knowledge knowledge NN 7960 6328 2 of of IN 7960 6328 3 the the DT 7960 6328 4 round round JJ 7960 6328 5 arch arch NN 7960 6328 6 passed pass VBD 7960 6328 7 over over RP 7960 6328 8 from from IN 7960 6328 9 the the DT 7960 6328 10 Orient Orient NNP 7960 6328 11 to to IN 7960 6328 12 the the DT 7960 6328 13 Etruscans Etruscans NNPS 7960 6328 14 and and CC 7960 6328 15 from from IN 7960 6328 16 them -PRON- PRP 7960 6328 17 to to IN 7960 6328 18 the the DT 7960 6328 19 Romans Romans NNPS 7960 6328 20 . . . 7960 6329 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 6329 2 33 33 CD 7960 6329 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 6329 4 At at IN 7960 6329 5 first first RB 7960 6329 6 the the DT 7960 6329 7 arch arch NN 7960 6329 8 was be VBD 7960 6329 9 employed employ VBN 7960 6329 10 mainly mainly RB 7960 6329 11 for for IN 7960 6329 12 gates gate NNS 7960 6329 13 , , , 7960 6329 14 drainage drainage NN 7960 6329 15 sewers sewer NNS 7960 6329 16 , , , 7960 6329 17 aqueducts aqueduct NNS 7960 6329 18 , , , 7960 6329 19 and and CC 7960 6329 20 bridges bridge NNS 7960 6329 21 . . . 7960 6330 1 In in IN 7960 6330 2 imperial imperial JJ 7960 6330 3 times time NNS 7960 6330 4 this this DT 7960 6330 5 device device NN 7960 6330 6 was be VBD 7960 6330 7 adopted adopt VBN 7960 6330 8 to to TO 7960 6330 9 permit permit VB 7960 6330 10 the the DT 7960 6330 11 construction construction NN 7960 6330 12 of of IN 7960 6330 13 vast vast JJ 7960 6330 14 buildings building NNS 7960 6330 15 with with IN 7960 6330 16 overarching overarch VBG 7960 6330 17 domes dome NNS 7960 6330 18 . . . 7960 6331 1 The the DT 7960 6331 2 principle principle NN 7960 6331 3 of of IN 7960 6331 4 the the DT 7960 6331 5 dome dome NN 7960 6331 6 has have VBZ 7960 6331 7 inspired inspire VBN 7960 6331 8 some some DT 7960 6331 9 of of 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10 sand sand NN 7960 6333 11 found find VBN 7960 6333 12 in in IN 7960 6333 13 great great JJ 7960 6333 14 abundance abundance NN 7960 6333 15 near near IN 7960 6333 16 Rome Rome NNP 7960 6333 17 and and CC 7960 6333 18 other other JJ 7960 6333 19 sites site NNS 7960 6333 20 . . . 7960 6334 1 When when WRB 7960 6334 2 mixed mix VBN 7960 6334 3 with with IN 7960 6334 4 lime lime NN 7960 6334 5 , , , 7960 6334 6 it -PRON- PRP 7960 6334 7 formed form VBD 7960 6334 8 a a DT 7960 6334 9 very very RB 7960 6334 10 strong strong JJ 7960 6334 11 cement cement NN 7960 6334 12 . . . 7960 6335 1 This this DT 7960 6335 2 material material NN 7960 6335 3 was be VBD 7960 6335 4 poured pour VBN 7960 6335 5 in in IN 7960 6335 6 a a DT 7960 6335 7 fluid fluid JJ 7960 6335 8 state state NN 7960 6335 9 into into IN 7960 6335 10 timber timber NN 7960 6335 11 casings casing NNS 7960 6335 12 , , , 7960 6335 13 where where WRB 7960 6335 14 it -PRON- PRP 7960 6335 15 quickly quickly RB 7960 6335 16 set set VBD 7960 6335 17 and and CC 7960 6335 18 hardened harden VBN 7960 6335 19 . . . 7960 6336 1 Small small JJ 7960 6336 2 pieces piece NNS 7960 6336 3 of of IN 7960 6336 4 stone stone NN 7960 6336 5 , , , 7960 6336 6 called call VBN 7960 6336 7 rubble rubble NN 7960 6336 8 , , , 7960 6336 9 were be VBD 7960 6336 10 also also RB 7960 6336 11 forced force VBN 7960 6336 12 down down RP 7960 6336 13 into into IN 7960 6336 14 the the DT 7960 6336 15 cement cement NN 7960 6336 16 to to TO 7960 6336 17 give give VB 7960 6336 18 it -PRON- PRP 7960 6336 19 additional additional JJ 7960 6336 20 stability stability NN 7960 6336 21 . . . 7960 6337 1 Buildings building NNS 7960 6337 2 of of IN 7960 6337 3 this this DT 7960 6337 4 sort sort NN 7960 6337 5 were be VBD 7960 6337 6 usually usually RB 7960 6337 7 faced face VBN 7960 6337 8 with with IN 7960 6337 9 brick brick NN 7960 6337 10 , , , 7960 6337 11 which which WDT 7960 6337 12 in in IN 7960 6337 13 turn turn NN 7960 6337 14 might may MD 7960 6337 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6339 10 the the DT 7960 6339 11 Greek Greek NNP 7960 6339 12 . . . 7960 6340 1 In in IN 7960 6340 2 comparison comparison NN 7960 6340 3 with with IN 7960 6340 4 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 6340 5 originals original NNS 7960 6340 6 , , , 7960 6340 7 they -PRON- PRP 7960 6340 8 lack lack VBP 7960 6340 9 grace grace NN 7960 6340 10 and and CC 7960 6340 11 refinement refinement NN 7960 6340 12 . . . 7960 6341 1 There there EX 7960 6341 2 is be VBZ 7960 6341 3 less less JJR 7960 6341 4 accuracy accuracy NN 7960 6341 5 in in IN 7960 6341 6 the the DT 7960 6341 7 masonry masonry NN 7960 6341 8 fitting fitting JJ 7960 6341 9 and and CC 7960 6341 10 far far RB 7960 6341 11 less less RBR 7960 6341 12 careful careful JJ 7960 6341 13 attention attention NN 7960 6341 14 to to IN 7960 6341 15 details detail NNS 7960 6341 16 of of IN 7960 6341 17 construction construction NN 7960 6341 18 . . . 7960 6342 1 A a DT 7960 6342 2 frequent frequent JJ 7960 6342 3 departure departure NN 7960 6342 4 from from IN 7960 6342 5 Greek greek JJ 7960 6342 6 models model NNS 7960 6342 7 is be VBZ 7960 6342 8 found find VBN 7960 6342 9 in in IN 7960 6342 10 the the DT 7960 6342 11 restriction restriction NN 7960 6342 12 of of IN 7960 6342 13 the the DT 7960 6342 14 rows row NNS 7960 6342 15 of of IN 7960 6342 16 pillars pillar NNS 7960 6342 17 to to IN 7960 6342 18 the the DT 7960 6342 19 front front NN 7960 6342 20 of of IN 7960 6342 21 the the DT 7960 6342 22 building building NN 7960 6342 23 , , , 7960 6342 24 while while IN 7960 6342 25 the the DT 7960 6342 26 sides side NNS 7960 6342 27 and and CC 7960 6342 28 rear rear JJ 7960 6342 29 are be VBP 7960 6342 30 lined line VBN 7960 6342 31 with with IN 7960 6342 32 " " `` 7960 6342 33 engaged engaged JJ 7960 6342 34 " " '' 7960 6342 35 columns column NNS 7960 6342 36 to to TO 7960 6342 37 give give VB 7960 6342 38 the the DT 7960 6342 39 idea idea NN 7960 6342 40 of of IN 7960 6342 41 a a DT 7960 6342 42 colonnade colonnade NN 7960 6342 43 . . . 7960 6343 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 6343 2 34 34 CD 7960 6343 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 6343 4 More more RBR 7960 6343 5 characteristically characteristically RB 7960 6343 6 Roman roman JJ 7960 6343 7 are be VBP 7960 6343 8 vaulted vault VBN 7960 6343 9 temples temple NNS 7960 6343 10 , , , 7960 6343 11 such such JJ 7960 6343 12 as as IN 7960 6343 13 the the DT 7960 6343 14 Pantheon Pantheon NNP 7960 6343 15 , , , 7960 6343 16 [ [ -LRB- 7960 6343 17 35 35 CD 7960 6343 18 ] ] -RRB- 7960 6343 19 where where WRB 7960 6343 20 the the DT 7960 6343 21 circular circular JJ 7960 6343 22 dome dome NN 7960 6343 23 is be VBZ 7960 6343 24 faced face VBN 7960 6343 25 with with IN 7960 6343 26 a a DT 7960 6343 27 Greek greek JJ 7960 6343 28 portico portico NN 7960 6343 29 . . . 7960 6344 1 BASILICAS BASILICAS NNP 7960 6344 2 Roman roman JJ 7960 6344 3 basilicas basilicas NN 7960 6344 4 , , , 7960 6344 5 of of IN 7960 6344 6 which which WDT 7960 6344 7 only only RB 7960 6344 8 the the DT 7960 6344 9 ruins ruin NNS 7960 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7960 6351 6 OF of IN 7960 6351 7 THE the DT 7960 6351 8 ULPIAN ULPIAN NNP 7960 6351 9 BASILICA BASILICA NNP 7960 6351 10 ( ( -LRB- 7960 6351 11 RESTORATION restoration NN 7960 6351 12 ) ) -RRB- 7960 6351 13 Built build VBN 7960 6351 14 by by IN 7960 6351 15 the the DT 7960 6351 16 Emperor Emperor NNP 7960 6351 17 Trajan Trajan NNP 7960 6351 18 in in IN 7960 6351 19 connection connection NN 7960 6351 20 with with IN 7960 6351 21 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 6351 22 Forum Forum NNP 7960 6351 23 at at IN 7960 6351 24 Rome Rome NNP 7960 6351 25 . . . 7960 6351 26 ] ] -RRB- 7960 6352 1 AQUEDUCTS AQUEDUCTS NNP 7960 6352 2 Perhaps perhaps RB 7960 6352 3 the the DT 7960 6352 4 most most RBS 7960 6352 5 imposing imposing JJ 7960 6352 6 , , , 7960 6352 7 and and CC 7960 6352 8 certainly certainly RB 7960 6352 9 among among IN 7960 6352 10 the the DT 7960 6352 11 most most RBS 7960 6352 12 useful useful JJ 7960 6352 13 , , , 7960 6352 14 of of IN 7960 6352 15 Roman roman JJ 7960 6352 16 structures structure NNS 7960 6352 17 were be VBD 7960 6352 18 aqueducts aqueduct NNS 7960 6352 19 . . . 7960 6353 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 6353 2 36 36 CD 7960 6353 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 6353 4 There there EX 7960 6353 5 were be VBD 7960 6353 6 sixty sixty CD 7960 6353 7 - - HYPH 7960 6353 8 eight eight CD 7960 6353 9 in in IN 7960 6353 10 Italy Italy NNP 7960 6353 11 and and CC 7960 6353 12 the the DT 7960 6353 13 provinces province NNS 7960 6353 14 . . . 7960 6354 1 No no DT 7960 6354 2 less less JJR 7960 6354 3 than than IN 7960 6354 4 fourteen fourteen CD 7960 6354 5 supplied supply VBD 7960 6354 6 the the DT 7960 6354 7 capital capital NN 7960 6354 8 city city NN 7960 6354 9 with with IN 7960 6354 10 water water NN 7960 6354 11 . . . 7960 6355 1 The the DT 7960 6355 2 aqueducts aqueduct NNS 7960 6355 3 usually usually RB 7960 6355 4 ran run VBD 7960 6355 5 under under IN 7960 6355 6 the the DT 7960 6355 7 surface surface NN 7960 6355 8 of of IN 7960 6355 9 the the DT 7960 6355 10 ground ground NN 7960 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stream NN 7960 6397 13 of of IN 7960 6397 14 the the DT 7960 6397 15 Ilissus Ilissus NNP 7960 6397 16 . . . 7960 6398 1 WALLS wall NNS 7960 6398 2 OF of IN 7960 6398 3 ATHENS ATHENS NNP 7960 6398 4 The the DT 7960 6398 5 traveler traveler NN 7960 6398 6 who who WP 7960 6398 7 passed pass VBD 7960 6398 8 through through IN 7960 6398 9 these these DT 7960 6398 10 suburbs suburb NNS 7960 6398 11 came come VBD 7960 6398 12 at at IN 7960 6398 13 length length NN 7960 6398 14 to to IN 7960 6398 15 the the DT 7960 6398 16 great great JJ 7960 6398 17 wall wall NN 7960 6398 18 , , , 7960 6398 19 nearly nearly RB 7960 6398 20 five five CD 7960 6398 21 miles mile NNS 7960 6398 22 in in IN 7960 6398 23 circumference circumference NN 7960 6398 24 , , , 7960 6398 25 raised raise VBN 7960 6398 26 by by IN 7960 6398 27 Themistocles themistocle NNS 7960 6398 28 to to TO 7960 6398 29 surround surround VB 7960 6398 30 the the DT 7960 6398 31 settlement settlement NN 7960 6398 32 at at IN 7960 6398 33 the the DT 7960 6398 34 foot foot NN 7960 6398 35 of of IN 7960 6398 36 the the DT 7960 6398 37 Acropolis Acropolis NNPS 7960 6398 38 . . . 7960 6399 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 6399 2 45 45 CD 7960 6399 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 6399 4 The the DT 7960 6399 5 area area NN 7960 6399 6 included include VBD 7960 6399 7 within within IN 7960 6399 8 this this DT 7960 6399 9 wall wall NN 7960 6399 10 made make VBD 7960 6399 11 up up RP 7960 6399 12 Old Old NNP 7960 6399 13 Athens Athens NNP 7960 6399 14 . . . 7960 6400 1 About about RB 7960 6400 2 six six CD 7960 6400 3 centuries century NNS 7960 6400 4 after after IN 7960 6400 5 Themistocles Themistocles NNP 7960 6400 6 the the DT 7960 6400 7 Roman roman JJ 7960 6400 8 emperor emperor NN 7960 6400 9 Hadrian Hadrian NNP 7960 6400 10 , , , 7960 6400 11 by by IN 7960 6400 12 building build VBG 7960 6400 13 additional additional JJ 7960 6400 14 fortifications fortification NNS 7960 6400 15 on on IN 7960 6400 16 the the DT 7960 6400 17 east east NN 7960 6400 18 , , , 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7960 6412 3 slight slight JJ 7960 6412 4 eminence eminence NN 7960 6412 5 not not RB 7960 6412 6 far far RB 7960 6412 7 from from IN 7960 6412 8 the the DT 7960 6412 9 Agora Agora NNP 7960 6412 10 , , , 7960 6412 11 rose rise VBD 7960 6412 12 the the DT 7960 6412 13 so- so- NN 7960 6412 14 called call VBN 7960 6412 15 " " `` 7960 6412 16 Theseum Theseum NNP 7960 6412 17 , , , 7960 6412 18 " " '' 7960 6412 19 [ [ -LRB- 7960 6412 20 46 46 CD 7960 6412 21 ] ] -RRB- 7960 6412 22 a a DT 7960 6412 23 marble marble NN 7960 6412 24 temple temple NN 7960 6412 25 in in IN 7960 6412 26 the the DT 7960 6412 27 Doric doric JJ 7960 6412 28 order order NN 7960 6412 29 . . . 7960 6413 1 Another another DT 7960 6413 2 famous famous JJ 7960 6413 3 temple temple NN 7960 6413 4 , , , 7960 6413 5 the the DT 7960 6413 6 colossal colossal JJ 7960 6413 7 edifice edifice NN 7960 6413 8 known know VBN 7960 6413 9 as as IN 7960 6413 10 the the DT 7960 6413 11 Olympieum Olympieum NNP 7960 6413 12 , , , 7960 6413 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THE the DT 7960 6486 2 FORUM FORUM NNP 7960 6486 3 The the DT 7960 6486 4 Forum Forum NNP 7960 6486 5 lies lie VBZ 7960 6486 6 in in IN 7960 6486 7 the the DT 7960 6486 8 valley valley NN 7960 6486 9 north north NN 7960 6486 10 of of IN 7960 6486 11 the the DT 7960 6486 12 Palatine Palatine NNP 7960 6486 13 Hill Hill NNP 7960 6486 14 . . . 7960 6487 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 6487 2 was be VBD 7960 6487 3 the the DT 7960 6487 4 business business NN 7960 6487 5 and and CC 7960 6487 6 social social JJ 7960 6487 7 center center NN 7960 6487 8 of of IN 7960 6487 9 the the DT 7960 6487 10 Roman roman JJ 7960 6487 11 city city NN 7960 6487 12 . . . 7960 6488 1 During during IN 7960 6488 2 the the DT 7960 6488 3 Middle Middle NNP 7960 6488 4 Ages Ages NNP 7960 6488 5 the the DT 7960 6488 6 site site NN 7960 6488 7 was be VBD 7960 6488 8 buried bury VBN 7960 6488 9 in in IN 7960 6488 10 ruins ruin NNS 7960 6488 11 and and CC 7960 6488 12 rubbish rubbish NN 7960 6488 13 , , , 7960 6488 14 in in IN 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6592 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 6592 2 14 14 CD 7960 6592 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 6592 4 See see VB 7960 6592 5 page page NN 7960 6592 6 285 285 CD 7960 6592 7 . . . 7960 6593 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 6593 2 15 15 CD 7960 6593 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 6593 4 Panathenaic Panathenaic NNP 7960 6593 5 means mean VBZ 7960 6593 6 ' ' '' 7960 6593 7 belonging belong VBG 7960 6593 8 to to IN 7960 6593 9 all all PDT 7960 6593 10 the the DT 7960 6593 11 Athenians Athenians NNPS 7960 6593 12 . . . 7960 6593 13 ' ' '' 7960 6594 1 See see VB 7960 6594 2 page page NN 7960 6594 3 292 292 CD 7960 6594 4 . . . 7960 6595 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 6595 2 16 16 CD 7960 6595 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 6595 4 See see VB 7960 6595 5 page page NN 7960 6595 6 234 234 CD 7960 6595 7 . . . 7960 6596 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 6596 2 17 17 CD 7960 6596 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 6596 4 See see VB 7960 6596 5 page page NN 7960 6596 6 200 200 CD 7960 6596 7 . . . 7960 6597 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 6597 2 18 18 CD 7960 6597 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 6597 4 _ _ NNP 7960 6597 5 Panem Panem NNP 7960 6597 6 et et NNP 7960 6597 7 circenses circense VBZ 7960 6597 8 _ _ NNP 7960 6597 9 ( ( -LRB- 7960 6597 10 Juvenal Juvenal NNP 7960 6597 11 x x SYM 7960 6597 12 , , , 7960 6597 13 80 80 CD 7960 6597 14 - - SYM 7960 6597 15 81 81 CD 7960 6597 16 ) ) -RRB- 7960 6597 17 . . . 7960 6598 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 6598 2 19 19 CD 7960 6598 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 6598 4 See see VB 7960 6598 5 page page NN 7960 6598 6 215 215 CD 7960 6598 7 . . . 7960 6599 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 6599 2 20 20 CD 7960 6599 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 6599 4 See see VB 7960 6599 5 pages page NNS 7960 6599 6 436 436 CD 7960 6599 7 , , , 7960 6599 8 463 463 CD 7960 6599 9 . . . 7960 6600 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 6600 2 21 21 CD 7960 6600 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 6600 4 See see VB 7960 6600 5 page page NN 7960 6600 6 73 73 CD 7960 6600 7 . . . 7960 6601 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 6601 2 22 22 CD 7960 6601 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 6601 4 See see VB 7960 6601 5 page page NN 7960 6601 6 80 80 CD 7960 6601 7 . . . 7960 6602 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 6602 2 23 23 CD 7960 6602 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 6602 4 See see VB 7960 6602 5 page page NN 7960 6602 6 120 120 CD 7960 6602 7 . . . 7960 6603 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 6603 2 24 24 CD 7960 6603 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 6603 4 See see VB 7960 6603 5 page page NN 7960 6603 6 265 265 CD 7960 6603 7 . . . 7960 6604 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 6604 2 25 25 CD 7960 6604 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 6604 4 See see VB 7960 6604 5 page page NN 7960 6604 6 121 121 CD 7960 6604 7 . . . 7960 6605 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 6605 2 26 26 CD 7960 6605 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 6605 4 See see VB 7960 6605 5 page page NN 7960 6605 6 117 117 CD 7960 6605 7 . . . 7960 6606 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 6606 2 27 27 CD 7960 6606 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 6606 4 See see VB 7960 6606 5 page page NN 7960 6606 6 261 261 CD 7960 6606 7 . . . 7960 6607 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 6607 2 28 28 CD 7960 6607 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 6607 4 See see VB 7960 6607 5 page page NN 7960 6607 6 226 226 CD 7960 6607 7 . . . 7960 6608 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 6608 2 29 29 CD 7960 6608 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 6608 4 See see VB 7960 6608 5 page page NN 7960 6608 6 142 142 CD 7960 6608 7 . . . 7960 6609 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 6609 2 30 30 CD 7960 6609 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 6609 4 The the DT 7960 6609 5 so so RB 7960 6609 6 - - HYPH 7960 6609 7 called call VBN 7960 6609 8 Corinthian corinthian JJ 7960 6609 9 order order NN 7960 6609 10 differs differ VBZ 7960 6609 11 from from IN 7960 6609 12 the the DT 7960 6609 13 Ionic Ionic NNP 7960 6609 14 only only RB 7960 6609 15 in in IN 7960 6609 16 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 6609 17 capital capital NN 7960 6609 18 . . . 7960 6610 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 6610 2 31 31 CD 7960 6610 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 6610 4 For for IN 7960 6610 5 illustrations illustration NNS 7960 6610 6 of of IN 7960 6610 7 Greek greek JJ 7960 6610 8 temples temple NNS 7960 6610 9 , , , 7960 6610 10 see see VB 7960 6610 11 pages page NNS 7960 6610 12 89 89 CD 7960 6610 13 , , , 7960 6610 14 101 101 CD 7960 6610 15 . . . 7960 6611 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 6611 2 32 32 CD 7960 6611 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 6611 4 For for IN 7960 6611 5 illustrations illustration NNS 7960 6611 6 of of IN 7960 6611 7 Greek greek JJ 7960 6611 8 statues statue NNS 7960 6611 9 see see VBP 7960 6611 10 pages page NNS 7960 6611 11 80 80 CD 7960 6611 12 , , , 7960 6611 13 81 81 CD 7960 6611 14 , , , 7960 6611 15 103 103 CD 7960 6611 16 , , , 7960 6611 17 117 117 CD 7960 6611 18 , , , 7960 6611 19 119 119 CD 7960 6611 20 , , , 7960 6611 21 129 129 CD 7960 6611 22 , , , 7960 6611 23 271 271 CD 7960 6611 24 and and CC 7960 6611 25 the the DT 7960 6611 26 plates plate NNS 7960 6611 27 facing face VBG 7960 6611 28 pages page NNS 7960 6611 29 76 76 CD 7960 6611 30 , , , 7960 6611 31 77 77 CD 7960 6611 32 , , , 7960 6611 33 80 80 CD 7960 6611 34 , , , 7960 6611 35 130 130 CD 7960 6611 36 , , , 7960 6611 37 131 131 CD 7960 6611 38 . . . 7960 6612 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 6612 2 33 33 CD 7960 6612 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 6612 4 See see VB 7960 6612 5 pages page NNS 7960 6612 6 61 61 CD 7960 6612 7 , , , 7960 6612 8 138 138 CD 7960 6612 9 . . . 7960 6613 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 6613 2 34 34 CD 7960 6613 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 6613 4 See see VB 7960 6613 5 the the DT 7960 6613 6 illustration illustration NN 7960 6613 7 , , , 7960 6613 8 page page NN 7960 6613 9 215 215 CD 7960 6613 10 . . . 7960 6614 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 6614 2 35 35 CD 7960 6614 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 6614 4 See see VB 7960 6614 5 the the DT 7960 6614 6 illustration illustration NN 7960 6614 7 , , , 7960 6614 8 page page NN 7960 6614 9 202 202 CD 7960 6614 10 . . . 7960 6615 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 6615 2 36 36 CD 7960 6615 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 6615 4 See see VB 7960 6615 5 the the DT 7960 6615 6 illustrations illustration NNS 7960 6615 7 , , , 7960 6615 8 pages page NNS 7960 6615 9 157 157 CD 7960 6615 10 , , , 7960 6615 11 285 285 CD 7960 6615 12 . . . 7960 6616 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 6616 2 37 37 CD 7960 6616 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 6616 4 See see VB 7960 6616 5 page page NN 7960 6616 6 263 263 CD 7960 6616 7 . . . 7960 6617 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 6617 2 38 38 CD 7960 6617 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 6617 4 See see VB 7960 6617 5 the the DT 7960 6617 6 illustration illustration NN 7960 6617 7 , , , 7960 6617 8 page page NN 7960 6617 9 236 236 CD 7960 6617 10 . . . 7960 6618 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 6618 2 39 39 CD 7960 6618 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 6618 4 See see VB 7960 6618 5 the the DT 7960 6618 6 illustrations illustration NNS 7960 6618 7 , , , 7960 6618 8 pages page NNS 7960 6618 9 163 163 CD 7960 6618 10 , , , 7960 6618 11 201 201 CD 7960 6618 12 . . . 7960 6619 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 6619 2 40 40 CD 7960 6619 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 6619 4 See see VB 7960 6619 5 the the DT 7960 6619 6 illustration illustration NN 7960 6619 7 , , , 7960 6619 8 page page NN 7960 6619 9 266 266 CD 7960 6619 10 . . . 7960 6620 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 6620 2 41 41 CD 7960 6620 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 6620 4 See see VB 7960 6620 5 the the DT 7960 6620 6 illustration illustration NN 7960 6620 7 , , , 7960 6620 8 page page NN 7960 6620 9 339 339 CD 7960 6620 10 . . . 7960 6621 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 6621 2 42 42 CD 7960 6621 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 6621 4 See see VB 7960 6621 5 the the DT 7960 6621 6 map map NN 7960 6621 7 , , , 7960 6621 8 page page NN 7960 6621 9 107 107 CD 7960 6621 10 . . . 7960 6622 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 6622 2 43 43 CD 7960 6622 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 6622 4 See see VB 7960 6622 5 page page NN 7960 6622 6 108 108 CD 7960 6622 7 . . . 7960 6623 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 6623 2 44 44 CD 7960 6623 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 6623 4 See see VB 7960 6623 5 page page NN 7960 6623 6 227 227 CD 7960 6623 7 . . . 7960 6624 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 6624 2 45 45 CD 7960 6624 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 6624 4 See see VB 7960 6624 5 page page NN 7960 6624 6 100 100 CD 7960 6624 7 . . . 7960 6625 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 6625 2 46 46 CD 7960 6625 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 6625 4 See see VB 7960 6625 5 the the DT 7960 6625 6 illustration illustration NN 7960 6625 7 , , , 7960 6625 8 page page NN 7960 6625 9 101 101 CD 7960 6625 10 . . . 7960 6626 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 6626 2 47 47 CD 7960 6626 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 6626 4 See see VB 7960 6626 5 the the DT 7960 6626 6 illustration illustration NN 7960 6626 7 , , , 7960 6626 8 page page NN 7960 6626 9 264 264 CD 7960 6626 10 . . . 7960 6627 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 6627 2 48 48 CD 7960 6627 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 6627 4 See see VB 7960 6627 5 page page NN 7960 6627 6 108 108 CD 7960 6627 7 . . . 7960 6628 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 6628 2 49 49 CD 7960 6628 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 6628 4 See see VB 7960 6628 5 the the DT 7960 6628 6 plate plate NN 7960 6628 7 facing face VBG 7960 6628 8 page page NN 7960 6628 9 281 281 CD 7960 6628 10 . . . 7960 6629 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 6629 2 50 50 CD 7960 6629 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 6629 4 See see VB 7960 6629 5 the the DT 7960 6629 6 plate plate NN 7960 6629 7 facing face VBG 7960 6629 8 page page NN 7960 6629 9 280 280 CD 7960 6629 10 . . . 7960 6630 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 6630 2 51 51 CD 7960 6630 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 6630 4 See see VB 7960 6630 5 the the DT 7960 6630 6 plate plate NN 7960 6630 7 facing face VBG 7960 6630 8 page page NN 7960 6630 9 281 281 CD 7960 6630 10 . . . 7960 6631 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 6631 2 52 52 CD 7960 6631 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 6631 4 See see VB 7960 6631 5 page page NN 7960 6631 6 264 264 CD 7960 6631 7 . . . 7960 6632 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 6632 2 53 53 CD 7960 6632 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 6632 4 Pindar Pindar NNP 7960 6632 5 , , , 7960 6632 6 _ _ NNP 7960 6632 7 Fragments Fragments NNP 7960 6632 8 _ _ NNP 7960 6632 9 , , , 7960 6632 10 76 76 CD 7960 6632 11 . . . 7960 6633 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 6633 2 54 54 CD 7960 6633 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 6633 4 See see VB 7960 6633 5 page page NN 7960 6633 6 140 140 CD 7960 6633 7 . . . 7960 6634 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 6634 2 55 55 CD 7960 6634 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 6634 4 See see VB 7960 6634 5 the the DT 7960 6634 6 illustration illustration NN 7960 6634 7 , , , 7960 6634 8 page page NN 7960 6634 9 220 220 CD 7960 6634 10 . . . 7960 6635 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 6635 2 56 56 CD 7960 6635 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 6635 4 See see VB 7960 6635 5 the the DT 7960 6635 6 illustration illustration NN 7960 6635 7 , , , 7960 6635 8 page page NN 7960 6635 9 203 203 CD 7960 6635 10 . . . 7960 6636 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 6636 2 57 57 CD 7960 6636 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 6636 4 See see VB 7960 6636 5 the the DT 7960 6636 6 illustration illustration NN 7960 6636 7 , , , 7960 6636 8 page page NN 7960 6636 9 202 202 CD 7960 6636 10 . . . 7960 6637 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 6637 2 58 58 CD 7960 6637 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 6637 4 See see VB 7960 6637 5 the the DT 7960 6637 6 illustration illustration NN 7960 6637 7 , , , 7960 6637 8 page page NN 7960 6637 9 286 286 CD 7960 6637 10 . . . 7960 6638 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 6638 2 59 59 CD 7960 6638 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 6638 4 See see VB 7960 6638 5 the the DT 7960 6638 6 illustration illustration NN 7960 6638 7 , , , 7960 6638 8 page page NN 7960 6638 9 236 236 CD 7960 6638 10 . . . 7960 6639 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 6639 2 60 60 CD 7960 6639 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 6639 4 See see VB 7960 6639 5 the the DT 7960 6639 6 illustration illustration NN 7960 6639 7 , , , 7960 6639 8 page page NN 7960 6639 9 201 201 CD 7960 6639 10 . . . 7960 6640 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 6640 2 61 61 CD 7960 6640 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 6640 4 See see VB 7960 6640 5 the the DT 7960 6640 6 plate plate NN 7960 6640 7 facing face VBG 7960 6640 8 page page NN 7960 6640 9 198 198 CD 7960 6640 10 . . . 7960 6641 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 6641 2 62 62 CD 7960 6641 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 6641 4 See see VB 7960 6641 5 page page NN 7960 6641 6 146 146 CD 7960 6641 7 . . . 7960 6642 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 6642 2 63 63 CD 7960 6642 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 6642 4 See see VB 7960 6642 5 page page NN 7960 6642 6 177 177 CD 7960 6642 7 . . . 7960 6643 1 CHAPTER chapter NN 7960 6643 2 XIII xiii NN 7960 6643 3 WESTERN WESTERN NNP 7960 6643 4 EUROPE EUROPE NNP 7960 6643 5 DURING during IN 7960 6643 6 THE the DT 7960 6643 7 EARLY EARLY NNP 7960 6643 8 MIDDLE MIDDLE NNP 7960 6643 9 AGES AGES NNP 7960 6643 10 , , , 7960 6643 11 476 476 CD 7960 6643 12 - - SYM 7960 6643 13 962 962 CD 7960 6643 14 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 6643 15 [ [ -LRB- 7960 6643 16 1 1 CD 7960 6643 17 ] ] -RRB- 7960 6643 18 102 102 CD 7960 6643 19 . . . 7960 6644 1 THE the DT 7960 6644 2 OSTROGOTHS ostrogoth NNS 7960 6644 3 IN in IN 7960 6644 4 ITALY ITALY NNP 7960 6644 5 , , , 7960 6644 6 488 488 CD 7960 6644 7 - - SYM 7960 6644 8 553 553 CD 7960 6644 9 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 6645 1 TRANSITION transition NN 7960 6645 2 TO to IN 7960 6645 3 THE the DT 7960 6645 4 MIDDLE MIDDLE NNP 7960 6645 5 AGES AGES NNP 7960 6645 6 We -PRON- PRP 7960 6645 7 are be VBP 7960 6645 8 not not RB 7960 6645 9 to to TO 7960 6645 10 suppose suppose VB 7960 6645 11 that that IN 7960 6645 12 the the DT 7960 6645 13 settlement settlement NN 7960 6645 14 of of IN 7960 6645 15 Germans Germans NNPS 7960 6645 16 within within IN 7960 6645 17 the the DT 7960 6645 18 Roman Roman NNP 7960 6645 19 Empire Empire NNP 7960 6645 20 ended end VBD 7960 6645 21 with with IN 7960 6645 22 the the DT 7960 6645 23 deposition deposition NN 7960 6645 24 of of IN 7960 6645 25 Romulus Romulus NNP 7960 6645 26 Augustulus Augustulus NNP 7960 6645 27 , , , 7960 6645 28 near near IN 7960 6645 29 the the DT 7960 6645 30 close close NN 7960 6645 31 of of IN 7960 6645 32 the the DT 7960 6645 33 fifth fifth JJ 7960 6645 34 century century NN 7960 6645 35 . . . 7960 6646 1 The the DT 7960 6646 2 following follow VBG 7960 6646 3 centuries century NNS 7960 6646 4 witnessed witness VBD 7960 6646 5 fresh fresh JJ 7960 6646 6 invasions invasion NNS 7960 6646 7 and and CC 7960 6646 8 the the DT 7960 6646 9 establishment establishment NN 7960 6646 10 of of IN 7960 6646 11 new new JJ 7960 6646 12 Germanic Germanic NNP 7960 6646 13 states state NNS 7960 6646 14 . . . 7960 6647 1 The the DT 7960 6647 2 study study NN 7960 6647 3 of of IN 7960 6647 4 these these DT 7960 6647 5 troubled troubled JJ 7960 6647 6 times time NNS 7960 6647 7 leads lead VBZ 7960 6647 8 us -PRON- PRP 7960 6647 9 from from IN 7960 6647 10 the the DT 7960 6647 11 classical classical JJ 7960 6647 12 world world NN 7960 6647 13 to to IN 7960 6647 14 the the DT 7960 6647 15 world world NN 7960 6647 16 of of IN 7960 6647 17 medieval medieval JJ 7960 6647 18 Europe Europe NNP 7960 6647 19 , , , 7960 6647 20 from from IN 7960 6647 21 the the DT 7960 6647 22 history history NN 7960 6647 23 of of IN 7960 6647 24 antiquity antiquity NN 7960 6647 25 to to IN 7960 6647 26 the the DT 7960 6647 27 history history NN 7960 6647 28 of of IN 7960 6647 29 the the DT 7960 6647 30 Middle Middle NNP 7960 6647 31 Ages Ages NNPS 7960 6647 32 . . . 7960 6648 1 THE the DT 7960 6648 2 OSTROGOTHS ostrogoth NNS 7960 6648 3 UNDER under IN 7960 6648 4 THEODORIC theodoric NN 7960 6648 5 The the DT 7960 6648 6 kingdom kingdom NN 7960 6648 7 which which WDT 7960 6648 8 Odoacer Odoacer NNP 7960 6648 9 established establish VBD 7960 6648 10 on on IN 7960 6648 11 Italian italian JJ 7960 6648 12 soil soil NN 7960 6648 13 did do VBD 7960 6648 14 not not RB 7960 6648 15 long long RB 7960 6648 16 endure endure VB 7960 6648 17 . . . 7960 6649 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 6649 2 was be VBD 7960 6649 3 soon soon RB 7960 6649 4 overthrown overthrow VBN 7960 6649 5 by by IN 7960 6649 6 the the DT 7960 6649 7 Ostrogoths ostrogoth NNS 7960 6649 8 . . . 7960 6650 1 At at IN 7960 6650 2 the the DT 7960 6650 3 time time NN 7960 6650 4 of of IN 7960 6650 5 the the DT 7960 6650 6 " " `` 7960 6650 7 fall fall NN 7960 6650 8 " " '' 7960 6650 9 of of IN 7960 6650 10 Rome Rome NNP 7960 6650 11 in in IN 7960 6650 12 476 476 CD 7960 6650 13 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 6650 14 they -PRON- PRP 7960 6650 15 occupied occupy VBD 7960 6650 16 a a DT 7960 6650 17 district district NN 7960 6650 18 south south RB 7960 6650 19 of of IN 7960 6650 20 the the DT 7960 6650 21 middle middle JJ 7960 6650 22 Danube Danube NNP 7960 6650 23 , , , 7960 6650 24 which which WDT 7960 6650 25 the the DT 7960 6650 26 government government NN 7960 6650 27 at at IN 7960 6650 28 Constantinople Constantinople NNP 7960 6650 29 had have VBD 7960 6650 30 hired hire VBN 7960 6650 31 them -PRON- PRP 7960 6650 32 to to TO 7960 6650 33 defend defend VB 7960 6650 34 . . . 7960 6651 1 The the DT 7960 6651 2 Ostrogoths ostrogoth NNS 7960 6651 3 proved prove VBD 7960 6651 4 to to TO 7960 6651 5 be be VB 7960 6651 6 expensive expensive JJ 7960 6651 7 and and CC 7960 6651 8 dangerous dangerous JJ 7960 6651 9 allies ally NNS 7960 6651 10 . . . 7960 6652 1 When when WRB 7960 6652 2 , , , 7960 6652 3 therefore therefore RB 7960 6652 4 , , , 7960 6652 5 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 6652 6 chieftain chieftain NN 7960 6652 7 , , , 7960 6652 8 Theodoric Theodoric NNP 7960 6652 9 , , , 7960 6652 10 offered offer VBD 7960 6652 11 to to TO 7960 6652 12 lead lead VB 7960 6652 13 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 6652 14 people people NNS 7960 6652 15 into into IN 7960 6652 16 Italy Italy NNP 7960 6652 17 and and CC 7960 6652 18 against against IN 7960 6652 19 Odoacer Odoacer NNP 7960 6652 20 , , , 7960 6652 21 the the DT 7960 6652 22 Roman roman JJ 7960 6652 23 emperor emperor NN 7960 6652 24 gladly gladly RB 7960 6652 25 sanctioned sanction VBD 7960 6652 26 the the DT 7960 6652 27 undertaking undertaking NN 7960 6652 28 . . . 7960 6653 1 OSTROGOTHIC OSTROGOTHIC NNS 7960 6653 2 INVASION invasion NN 7960 6653 3 OF of IN 7960 6653 4 ITALY ITALY NNP 7960 6653 5 , , , 7960 6653 6 488 488 CD 7960 6653 7 - - SYM 7960 6653 8 493 493 CD 7960 6653 9 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 6653 10 Theodoric Theodoric NNP 7960 6653 11 led lead VBD 7960 6653 12 the the DT 7960 6653 13 Ostrogoths ostrogoth NNS 7960 6653 14 -- -- : 7960 6653 15 women woman NNS 7960 6653 16 and and CC 7960 6653 17 children child NNS 7960 6653 18 as as RB 7960 6653 19 well well RB 7960 6653 20 as as IN 7960 6653 21 warriors-- warriors-- VBD 7960 6653 22 across across IN 7960 6653 23 the the DT 7960 6653 24 Alps Alps NNPS 7960 6653 25 and and CC 7960 6653 26 came come VBD 7960 6653 27 down down RP 7960 6653 28 to to TO 7960 6653 29 meet meet VB 7960 6653 30 Odoacer Odoacer NNP 7960 6653 31 and and CC 7960 6653 32 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 6653 33 soldiers soldier NNS 7960 6653 34 in in IN 7960 6653 35 battle battle NN 7960 6653 36 . . . 7960 6654 1 After after IN 7960 6654 2 suffering suffer VBG 7960 6654 3 several several JJ 7960 6654 4 defeats defeat NNS 7960 6654 5 , , , 7960 6654 6 Odoacer Odoacer NNP 7960 6654 7 shut shut VBD 7960 6654 8 himself -PRON- PRP 7960 6654 9 up up RP 7960 6654 10 in in IN 7960 6654 11 the the DT 7960 6654 12 strong strong JJ 7960 6654 13 fortress fortress NN 7960 6654 14 of of IN 7960 6654 15 Ravenna Ravenna NNP 7960 6654 16 . . . 7960 6655 1 Theodoric Theodoric NNP 7960 6655 2 could could MD 7960 6655 3 not not RB 7960 6655 4 capture capture VB 7960 6655 5 the the DT 7960 6655 6 place place NN 7960 6655 7 and and CC 7960 6655 8 at at IN 7960 6655 9 last last RB 7960 6655 10 agreed agree VBD 7960 6655 11 to to TO 7960 6655 12 share share VB 7960 6655 13 with with IN 7960 6655 14 Odoacer Odoacer NNP 7960 6655 15 the the DT 7960 6655 16 government government NN 7960 6655 17 of of IN 7960 6655 18 Italy Italy NNP 7960 6655 19 , , , 7960 6655 20 if if IN 7960 6655 21 the the DT 7960 6655 22 latter latter JJ 7960 6655 23 would would MD 7960 6655 24 surrender surrender VB 7960 6655 25 . . . 7960 6656 1 The the DT 7960 6656 2 agreement agreement NN 7960 6656 3 was be VBD 7960 6656 4 never never RB 7960 6656 5 carried carry VBN 7960 6656 6 into into IN 7960 6656 7 effect effect NN 7960 6656 8 . . . 7960 6657 1 When when WRB 7960 6657 2 Theodoric Theodoric NNP 7960 6657 3 entered enter VBD 7960 6657 4 Ravenna Ravenna NNP 7960 6657 5 , , , 7960 6657 6 he -PRON- PRP 7960 6657 7 invited invite VBD 7960 6657 8 Odoacer Odoacer NNP 7960 6657 9 to to IN 7960 6657 10 a a DT 7960 6657 11 great great JJ 7960 6657 12 feast feast NN 7960 6657 13 and and CC 7960 6657 14 at at IN 7960 6657 15 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 6657 16 conclusion conclusion NN 7960 6657 17 slew slay VBD 7960 6657 18 him -PRON- PRP 7960 6657 19 in in IN 7960 6657 20 cold cold JJ 7960 6657 21 blood blood NN 7960 6657 22 . . . 7960 6658 1 Theodoric Theodoric NNP 7960 6658 2 had have VBD 7960 6658 3 now now RB 7960 6658 4 no no DT 7960 6658 5 rival rival NN 7960 6658 6 in in IN 7960 6658 7 Italy Italy NNP 7960 6658 8 . . . 7960 6659 1 THEODORIC theodoric JJ 7960 6659 2 KING king NN 7960 6659 3 OF of IN 7960 6659 4 ITALY ITALY NNP 7960 6659 5 , , , 7960 6659 6 493 493 CD 7960 6659 7 - - SYM 7960 6659 8 526 526 CD 7960 6659 9 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 6660 1 Though though IN 7960 6660 2 Theodoric Theodoric NNP 7960 6660 3 gained gain VBD 7960 6660 4 the the DT 7960 6660 5 throne throne NN 7960 6660 6 by by IN 7960 6660 7 violence violence NN 7960 6660 8 and and CC 7960 6660 9 treachery treachery NN 7960 6660 10 , , , 7960 6660 11 he -PRON- PRP 7960 6660 12 soon soon RB 7960 6660 13 showed show VBD 7960 6660 14 himself -PRON- PRP 7960 6660 15 to to TO 7960 6660 16 be be VB 7960 6660 17 , , , 7960 6660 18 as as IN 7960 6660 19 a a DT 7960 6660 20 ruler ruler NN 7960 6660 21 , , , 7960 6660 22 wise wise JJ 7960 6660 23 , , , 7960 6660 24 broad broad JJ 7960 6660 25 - - HYPH 7960 6660 26 minded minded JJ 7960 6660 27 , , , 7960 6660 28 and and CC 7960 6660 29 humane humane JJ 7960 6660 30 . . . 7960 6661 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 6661 2 had have VBD 7960 6661 3 lived live VBN 7960 6661 4 as as IN 7960 6661 5 a a DT 7960 6661 6 youth youth NN 7960 6661 7 in in IN 7960 6661 8 the the DT 7960 6661 9 imperial imperial JJ 7960 6661 10 court court NN 7960 6661 11 at at IN 7960 6661 12 Constantinople Constantinople NNP 7960 6661 13 and and CC 7960 6661 14 there there EX 7960 6661 15 had have VBD 7960 6661 16 become become VBN 7960 6661 17 well well RB 7960 6661 18 acquainted acquaint VBN 7960 6661 19 with with IN 7960 6661 20 Roman roman JJ 7960 6661 21 ideas idea NNS 7960 6661 22 of of IN 7960 6661 23 law law NN 7960 6661 24 and and CC 7960 6661 25 order order NN 7960 6661 26 . . . 7960 6662 1 Roman roman JJ 7960 6662 2 civilization civilization NN 7960 6662 3 impressed impress VBD 7960 6662 4 him -PRON- PRP 7960 6662 5 ; ; : 7960 6662 6 and and CC 7960 6662 7 he -PRON- PRP 7960 6662 8 wished wish VBD 7960 6662 9 not not RB 7960 6662 10 to to TO 7960 6662 11 destroy destroy VB 7960 6662 12 but but CC 7960 6662 13 to to TO 7960 6662 14 preserve preserve VB 7960 6662 15 it -PRON- PRP 7960 6662 16 . . . 7960 6663 1 Theodoric Theodoric NNP 7960 6663 2 reigned reign VBD 7960 6663 3 in in IN 7960 6663 4 Italy Italy NNP 7960 6663 5 for for IN 7960 6663 6 thirty thirty CD 7960 6663 7 - - HYPH 7960 6663 8 three three CD 7960 6663 9 years year NNS 7960 6663 10 , , , 7960 6663 11 and and CC 7960 6663 12 during during IN 7960 6663 13 this this DT 7960 6663 14 time time NN 7960 6663 15 the the DT 7960 6663 16 country country NN 7960 6663 17 enjoyed enjoy VBD 7960 6663 18 unbroken unbroken JJ 7960 6663 19 peace peace NN 7960 6663 20 and and CC 7960 6663 21 prosperity prosperity NN 7960 6663 22 . . . 7960 6664 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 6664 2 Illustration illustration NN 7960 6664 3 : : : 7960 6664 4 TOMB tomb NN 7960 6664 5 OF of IN 7960 6664 6 THEODORIC theodoric NN 7960 6664 7 AT at IN 7960 6664 8 RAVENNA RAVENNA NNP 7960 6664 9 A a DT 7960 6664 10 two two CD 7960 6664 11 storied storied JJ 7960 6664 12 marble marble NN 7960 6664 13 building building NN 7960 6664 14 erected erect VBN 7960 6664 15 by by IN 7960 6664 16 Theodoric Theodoric NNP 7960 6664 17 in in IN 7960 6664 18 imitation imitation NN 7960 6664 19 of 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6666 16 converted convert VBN 7960 6666 17 into into IN 7960 6666 18 a a DT 7960 6666 19 church church NN 7960 6666 20 . . . 7960 6666 21 ] ] -RRB- 7960 6667 1 THEODORIC THEODORIC NNP 7960 6667 2 'S be VBZ 7960 6667 3 RULE rule NN 7960 6667 4 IN in IN 7960 6667 5 ITALY ITALY NNP 7960 6667 6 . . . 7960 6668 1 The the DT 7960 6668 2 enlightened enlightened JJ 7960 6668 3 policy policy NN 7960 6668 4 of of IN 7960 6668 5 Theodoric Theodoric NNP 7960 6668 6 was be VBD 7960 6668 7 exhibited exhibit VBN 7960 6668 8 in in IN 7960 6668 9 many many JJ 7960 6668 10 ways way NNS 7960 6668 11 . . . 7960 6669 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 6669 2 governed govern VBD 7960 6669 3 Ostrogoths ostrogoth NNS 7960 6669 4 and and CC 7960 6669 5 Romans Romans NNPS 7960 6669 6 with with IN 7960 6669 7 equal equal JJ 7960 6669 8 consideration consideration NN 7960 6669 9 . . . 7960 6670 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 6670 2 kept keep VBD 7960 6670 3 all all PDT 7960 6670 4 the the DT 7960 6670 5 old old JJ 7960 6670 6 offices 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Ostrogoths Ostrogoths NNPS 7960 6672 14 and and CC 7960 6672 15 Romans Romans NNPS 7960 6672 16 alike alike RB 7960 6672 17 , , , 7960 6672 18 contained contain VBN 7960 6672 19 only only RB 7960 6672 20 selections selection NNS 7960 6672 21 from from IN 7960 6672 22 Roman roman JJ 7960 6672 23 law law NN 7960 6672 24 . . . 7960 6673 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 6673 2 was be VBD 7960 6673 3 remarkably remarkably RB 7960 6673 4 tolerant tolerant JJ 7960 6673 5 and and CC 7960 6673 6 , , , 7960 6673 7 in in IN 7960 6673 8 spite spite NN 7960 6673 9 of of IN 7960 6673 10 the the DT 7960 6673 11 fact fact NN 7960 6673 12 that that IN 7960 6673 13 the the DT 7960 6673 14 Ostrogoths ostrogoth NNS 7960 6673 15 were be VBD 7960 6673 16 Arians Arians NNPS 7960 6673 17 , , , 7960 6673 18 [ [ -LRB- 7960 6673 19 2 2 CD 7960 6673 20 ] ] -RRB- 7960 6673 21 was be VBD 7960 6673 22 always always RB 7960 6673 23 ready ready JJ 7960 6673 24 to to TO 7960 6673 25 extend extend VB 7960 6673 26 protection protection NN 7960 6673 27 to to IN 7960 6673 28 Catholic Catholic NNP 7960 6673 29 Christians Christians NNPS 7960 6673 30 . . . 7960 6674 1 Theodoric theodoric JJ 7960 6674 2 patronized patronize VBN 7960 6674 3 literature literature NN 7960 6674 4 and and CC 7960 6674 5 gave give VBD 7960 6674 6 high high JJ 7960 6674 7 positions position NNS 7960 6674 8 to to IN 7960 6674 9 Roman roman JJ 7960 6674 10 writers writer NNS 7960 6674 11 . . . 7960 6675 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 6675 2 restored restore VBD 7960 6675 3 the the DT 7960 6675 4 cities city NNS 7960 6675 5 of of IN 7960 6675 6 Italy Italy NNP 7960 6675 7 , , , 7960 6675 8 had have VBD 7960 6675 9 the the DT 7960 6675 10 roads road NNS 7960 6675 11 and and CC 7960 6675 12 aqueducts aqueduct NNS 7960 6675 13 repaired repair VBN 7960 6675 14 , , , 7960 6675 15 and and CC 7960 6675 16 so so RB 7960 6675 17 improved improve VBD 7960 6675 18 the the DT 7960 6675 19 condition condition NN 7960 6675 20 of of IN 7960 6675 21 agriculture 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daughter NN 7960 6680 34 wedded wed VBD 7960 6680 35 a a DT 7960 6680 36 Burgundian burgundian JJ 7960 6680 37 king king NN 7960 6680 38 . . . 7960 6681 1 Theodoric theodoric JJ 7960 6681 2 by by IN 7960 6681 3 these these DT 7960 6681 4 alliances alliance NNS 7960 6681 5 brought bring VBD 7960 6681 6 about about RP 7960 6681 7 friendly friendly JJ 7960 6681 8 relations relation NNS 7960 6681 9 between between IN 7960 6681 10 the the DT 7960 6681 11 various various JJ 7960 6681 12 barbarian barbarian JJ 7960 6681 13 peoples people NNS 7960 6681 14 . . . 7960 6682 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 6682 2 seemed seem VBD 7960 6682 3 , , , 7960 6682 4 in in IN 7960 6682 5 fact fact NN 7960 6682 6 , , , 7960 6682 7 as as IN 7960 6682 8 if if IN 7960 6682 9 the the DT 7960 6682 10 Roman roman JJ 7960 6682 11 dominions dominion NNS 7960 6682 12 in in IN 7960 6682 13 the the DT 7960 6682 14 West West NNP 7960 6682 15 might may MD 7960 6682 16 again again RB 7960 6682 17 be be VB 7960 6682 18 united unite 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NNP 7960 6691 1 INVASION invasion NN 7960 6691 2 OF of IN 7960 6691 3 ITALY ITALY NNS 7960 6691 4 BY by IN 7960 6691 5 THE the DT 7960 6691 6 LOMBARDS lombard NNS 7960 6691 7 The the DT 7960 6691 8 destruction destruction NN 7960 6691 9 of of IN 7960 6691 10 the the DT 7960 6691 11 Ostrogothic Ostrogothic NNP 7960 6691 12 kingdom kingdom NN 7960 6691 13 did do VBD 7960 6691 14 not not RB 7960 6691 15 free free VB 7960 6691 16 Italy Italy NNP 7960 6691 17 of of IN 7960 6691 18 the the DT 7960 6691 19 Germans Germans NNPS 7960 6691 20 . . . 7960 6692 1 Soon soon RB 7960 6692 2 after after IN 7960 6692 3 Justinian Justinian NNP 7960 6692 4 's 's POS 7960 6692 5 death death NN 7960 6692 6 the the DT 7960 6692 7 country country NN 7960 6692 8 was be VBD 7960 6692 9 again again RB 7960 6692 10 overrun overrun NN 7960 6692 11 , , , 7960 6692 12 this this DT 7960 6692 13 time time NN 7960 6692 14 by by IN 7960 6692 15 the the DT 7960 6692 16 Lombards Lombards NNPS 7960 6692 17 . . . 7960 6693 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7960 6696 2 Lombards Lombards NNPS 7960 6696 3 afterwards afterwards RB 7960 6696 4 made make VBD 7960 6696 5 many many JJ 7960 6696 6 settlements settlement NNS 7960 6696 7 in in IN 7960 6696 8 central central JJ 7960 6696 9 and and CC 7960 6696 10 southern southern JJ 7960 6696 11 Italy Italy NNP 7960 6696 12 , , , 7960 6696 13 but but CC 7960 6696 14 never never RB 7960 6696 15 succeeded succeed VBD 7960 6696 16 in in IN 7960 6696 17 subduing subdue VBG 7960 6696 18 the the DT 7960 6696 19 entire entire JJ 7960 6696 20 peninsula peninsula NN 7960 6696 21 . . . 7960 6697 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 6697 2 Illustration illustration NN 7960 6697 3 : : : 7960 6697 4 Map Map NNP 7960 6697 5 , , , 7960 6697 6 EUROPE EUROPE NNP 7960 6697 7 IN in IN 7960 6697 8 THE the DT 7960 6697 9 SIXTH SIXTH NNP 7960 6697 10 CENTURY CENTURY NNP 7960 6697 11 ] ] -RRB- 7960 6697 12 LOMBARD LOMBARD NNP 7960 6697 13 RULE rule NN 7960 6697 14 IN in IN 7960 6697 15 ITALY ITALY NNP 7960 6697 16 The the DT 7960 6697 17 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6699 2 of of IN 7960 6699 3 them -PRON- PRP 7960 6699 4 were be VBD 7960 6699 5 still still RB 7960 6699 6 heathen heathen NNP 7960 6699 7 when when WRB 7960 6699 8 they -PRON- PRP 7960 6699 9 entered enter VBD 7960 6699 10 Italy Italy NNP 7960 6699 11 and and CC 7960 6699 12 others other NNS 7960 6699 13 were be VBD 7960 6699 14 converts convert NNS 7960 6699 15 to to IN 7960 6699 16 the the DT 7960 6699 17 Arian Arian NNP 7960 6699 18 [ [ -LRB- 7960 6699 19 3 3 CD 7960 6699 20 ] ] -RRB- 7960 6699 21 form form NN 7960 6699 22 of of IN 7960 6699 23 Christianity Christianity NNP 7960 6699 24 . . . 7960 6700 1 In in IN 7960 6700 2 course course NN 7960 6700 3 of of IN 7960 6700 4 time time NN 7960 6700 5 , , , 7960 6700 6 however however RB 7960 6700 7 , , , 7960 6700 8 the the DT 7960 6700 9 Lombards Lombards NNP 7960 6700 10 accepted accept VBD 7960 6700 11 Roman Roman NNP 7960 6700 12 Catholicism Catholicism NNP 7960 6700 13 and and CC 7960 6700 14 adopted adopt VBD 7960 6700 15 the the DT 7960 6700 16 customs custom NNS 7960 6700 17 of of IN 7960 6700 18 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 6700 19 subjects subject NNS 7960 6700 20 . . . 7960 6701 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 6701 2 even even RB 7960 6701 3 forgot forget VBD 7960 6701 4 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 6701 5 Germanic germanic JJ 7960 6701 6 language language NN 7960 6701 7 and and CC 7960 6701 8 learned learn VBD 7960 6701 9 to to TO 7960 6701 10 speak speak VB 7960 6701 11 Latin Latin NNP 7960 6701 12 . . . 7960 6702 1 The the DT 7960 6702 2 Lombard Lombard NNP 7960 6702 3 kingdom kingdom NN 7960 6702 4 lasted last VBD 7960 6702 5 over over IN 7960 6702 6 two two CD 7960 6702 7 centuries century NNS 7960 6702 8 , , , 7960 6702 9 until until IN 7960 6702 10 it -PRON- PRP 7960 6702 11 was be VBD 7960 6702 12 overthrown overthrow VBN 7960 6702 13 by by IN 7960 6702 14 the the DT 7960 6702 15 Franks Franks NNPS 7960 6702 16 . . . 7960 6703 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 6703 2 4 4 CD 7960 6703 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 6703 4 RESULTS results NN 7960 6703 5 OF of IN 7960 6703 6 THE the DT 7960 6703 7 LOMBARD LOMBARD NNP 7960 6703 8 INVASION INVASION VBD 7960 6703 9 The the DT 7960 6703 10 failure failure NN 7960 6703 11 of of IN 7960 6703 12 the the DT 7960 6703 13 Lombards Lombards NNPS 7960 6703 14 to to TO 7960 6703 15 conquer conquer VB 7960 6703 16 all all DT 7960 6703 17 Italy Italy NNP 7960 6703 18 had have VBD 7960 6703 19 important important JJ 7960 6703 20 results result NNS 7960 6703 21 in in IN 7960 6703 22 later late JJR 7960 6703 23 history history NN 7960 6703 24 . . . 7960 6704 1 Sicily Sicily NNP 7960 6704 2 and and CC 7960 6704 3 the the DT 7960 6704 4 extreme extreme JJ 7960 6704 5 southern southern JJ 7960 6704 6 part part NN 7960 6704 7 of of IN 7960 6704 8 the the DT 7960 6704 9 Italian italian JJ 7960 6704 10 peninsula peninsula NN 7960 6704 11 , , , 7960 6704 12 besides besides IN 7960 6704 13 large large JJ 7960 6704 14 districts district NNS 7960 6704 15 containing contain VBG 7960 6704 16 the the DT 7960 6704 17 cities city NNS 7960 6704 18 of of IN 7960 6704 19 Naples Naples NNP 7960 6704 20 , , , 7960 6704 21 Rome Rome NNP 7960 6704 22 , , , 7960 6704 23 Genoa Genoa NNP 7960 6704 24 , , , 7960 6704 25 Venice Venice NNP 7960 6704 26 , , , 7960 6704 27 and and CC 7960 6704 28 Ravenna Ravenna NNP 7960 6704 29 , , , 7960 6704 30 continued continue VBD 7960 6704 31 to to TO 7960 6704 32 belong belong VB 7960 6704 33 to to IN 7960 6704 34 the the DT 7960 6704 35 Roman Roman NNP 7960 6704 36 Empire Empire NNP 7960 6704 37 in in IN 7960 6704 38 the the DT 7960 6704 39 East East NNP 7960 6704 40 . . . 7960 6705 1 The the DT 7960 6705 2 rulers ruler NNS 7960 6705 3 at at IN 7960 6705 4 Constantinople Constantinople NNP 7960 6705 5 could could MD 7960 6705 6 not not RB 7960 6705 7 exercise exercise VB 7960 6705 8 effective effective JJ 7960 6705 9 control control NN 7960 6705 10 over over IN 7960 6705 11 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 6705 12 Italian italian JJ 7960 6705 13 possessions possession NNS 7960 6705 14 , , , 7960 6705 15 now now RB 7960 6705 16 that that IN 7960 6705 17 these these DT 7960 6705 18 were be VBD 7960 6705 19 separated separate VBN 7960 6705 20 from from IN 7960 6705 21 one one CD 7960 6705 22 another another DT 7960 6705 23 by by IN 7960 6705 24 the the DT 7960 6705 25 Lombard Lombard NNP 7960 6705 26 territories territory NNS 7960 6705 27 . . . 7960 6706 1 The the DT 7960 6706 2 consequence consequence NN 7960 6706 3 was be VBD 7960 6706 4 that that IN 7960 6706 5 Italy Italy NNP 7960 6706 6 broke break VBD 7960 6706 7 up up RP 7960 6706 8 into into IN 7960 6706 9 a a DT 7960 6706 10 number number NN 7960 6706 11 of of IN 7960 6706 12 small small JJ 7960 6706 13 and and CC 7960 6706 14 practically practically RB 7960 6706 15 independent independent JJ 7960 6706 16 states state NNS 7960 6706 17 , , , 7960 6706 18 which which WDT 7960 6706 19 never never RB 7960 6706 20 combined combine VBD 7960 6706 21 into into IN 7960 6706 22 one one CD 7960 6706 23 kingdom kingdom NN 7960 6706 24 until until IN 7960 6706 25 our -PRON- PRP$ 7960 6706 26 own own JJ 7960 6706 27 time time NN 7960 6706 28 . . . 7960 6707 1 The the DT 7960 6707 2 ideal ideal NN 7960 6707 3 of of IN 7960 6707 4 a a DT 7960 6707 5 united united JJ 7960 6707 6 Italy Italy NNP 7960 6707 7 waited wait VBD 7960 6707 8 thirteen thirteen CD 7960 6707 9 hundred hundred CD 7960 6707 10 years year NNS 7960 6707 11 for for IN 7960 6707 12 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 6707 13 realization realization NN 7960 6707 14 . . . 7960 6708 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 6708 2 5 5 CD 7960 6708 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 6708 4 104 104 CD 7960 6708 5 . . . 7960 6709 1 THE the DT 7960 6709 2 FRANKS FRANKS NNP 7960 6709 3 UNDER under IN 7960 6709 4 CLOVIS clovi NNS 7960 6709 5 AND and CC 7960 6709 6 HIS his PRP$ 7960 6709 7 SUCCESSORS successors NN 7960 6709 8 CLOVIS clovi NNS 7960 6709 9 , , , 7960 6709 10 KING king NN 7960 6709 11 OF of IN 7960 6709 12 THE the DT 7960 6709 13 FRANKS FRANKS NNP 7960 6709 14 , , , 7960 6709 15 481 481 CD 7960 6709 16 - - SYM 7960 6709 17 511 511 CD 7960 6709 18 A.D. a.d. NN 7960 6709 19 We -PRON- PRP 7960 6709 20 have have VBP 7960 6709 21 already already RB 7960 6709 22 met meet VBN 7960 6709 23 the the DT 7960 6709 24 Franks Franks NNPS 7960 6709 25 in in IN 7960 6709 26 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 6709 27 home home NN 7960 6709 28 on on IN 7960 6709 29 the the DT 7960 6709 30 lower low JJR 7960 6709 31 Rhine Rhine NNP 7960 6709 32 , , , 7960 6709 33 from from IN 7960 6709 34 which which WDT 7960 6709 35 they -PRON- PRP 7960 6709 36 pushed push VBD 7960 6709 37 gradually gradually RB 7960 6709 38 into into IN 7960 6709 39 Roman roman JJ 7960 6709 40 territory territory NN 7960 6709 41 . . . 7960 6710 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 6710 2 6 6 CD 7960 6710 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 6710 4 In in IN 7960 6710 5 486 486 CD 7960 6710 6 A.D. a.d. NN 7960 6710 7 , , , 7960 6710 8 just just RB 7960 6710 9 ten ten CD 7960 6710 10 years year NNS 7960 6710 11 after after IN 7960 6710 12 the the DT 7960 6710 13 deposition deposition NN 7960 6710 14 of of IN 7960 6710 15 Romulus Romulus NNP 7960 6710 16 Augustulus Augustulus NNP 7960 6710 17 , , , 7960 6710 18 the the DT 7960 6710 19 Franks Franks NNPS 7960 6710 20 went go VBD 7960 6710 21 forth forth RB 7960 6710 22 to to TO 7960 6710 23 conquer conquer VB 7960 6710 24 under under IN 7960 6710 25 Clovis Clovis NNP 7960 6710 26 , , , 7960 6710 27 [ [ -LRB- 7960 6710 28 7 7 CD 7960 6710 29 ] ] -RRB- 7960 6710 30 one one CD 7960 6710 31 of of IN 7960 6710 32 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 6710 33 chieftains chieftain NNS 7960 6710 34 . . . 7960 6711 1 By by IN 7960 6711 2 overcoming overcome VBG 7960 6711 3 the the DT 7960 6711 4 governor governor NN 7960 6711 5 of of IN 7960 6711 6 Roman Roman NNP 7960 6711 7 Gaul Gaul NNP 7960 6711 8 , , , 7960 6711 9 in in IN 7960 6711 10 a a DT 7960 6711 11 battle battle NN 7960 6711 12 near near IN 7960 6711 13 Soissons Soissons NNPS 7960 6711 14 , , , 7960 6711 15 Clovis Clovis NNP 7960 6711 16 destroyed destroy VBD 7960 6711 17 the the DT 7960 6711 18 last last JJ 7960 6711 19 vestige vestige NN 7960 6711 20 of of IN 7960 6711 21 imperial imperial JJ 7960 6711 22 rule rule NN 7960 6711 23 in in IN 7960 6711 24 the the DT 7960 6711 25 West West NNP 7960 6711 26 and and CC 7960 6711 27 extended extend VBD 7960 6711 28 the the DT 7960 6711 29 Frankish frankish JJ 7960 6711 30 dominions dominion NNS 7960 6711 31 to to IN 7960 6711 32 the the DT 7960 6711 33 river river NN 7960 6711 34 Loire Loire NNP 7960 6711 35 . . . 7960 6712 1 Clovis Clovis NNP 7960 6712 2 then then RB 7960 6712 3 turned turn VBD 7960 6712 4 against against IN 7960 6712 5 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 6712 6 German german JJ 7960 6712 7 neighbors neighbor NNS 7960 6712 8 . . . 7960 6713 1 East East NNP 7960 6713 2 of of IN 7960 6713 3 the the DT 7960 6713 4 Franks Franks NNPS 7960 6713 5 , , , 7960 6713 6 in in IN 7960 6713 7 the the DT 7960 6713 8 region region NN 7960 6713 9 now now RB 7960 6713 10 known know VBN 7960 6713 11 as as IN 7960 6713 12 Alsace Alsace NNP 7960 6713 13 , , , 7960 6713 14 lived live VBD 7960 6713 15 the the DT 7960 6713 16 Alamanni Alamanni NNP 7960 6713 17 , , , 7960 6713 18 a a DT 7960 6713 19 people people NNS 7960 6713 20 whose whose WP$ 7960 6713 21 name name NN 7960 6713 22 still still RB 7960 6713 23 survives survive VBZ 7960 6713 24 in in IN 7960 6713 25 the the DT 7960 6713 26 French french JJ 7960 6713 27 name name NN 7960 6713 28 of of IN 7960 6713 29 Germany Germany NNP 7960 6713 30 . . . 7960 6714 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 6714 2 8 8 LS 7960 6714 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 6714 4 The the DT 7960 6714 5 Alamanni Alamanni NNP 7960 6714 6 were be VBD 7960 6714 7 defeated defeat VBN 7960 6714 8 in in IN 7960 6714 9 a a DT 7960 6714 10 great great JJ 7960 6714 11 battle battle NN 7960 6714 12 near near IN 7960 6714 13 Strassburg Strassburg NNP 7960 6714 14 ( ( -LRB- 7960 6714 15 496 496 CD 7960 6714 16 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 6714 17 ) ) -RRB- 7960 6714 18 , , , 7960 6714 19 and and CC 7960 6714 20 much much JJ 7960 6714 21 of of IN 7960 6714 22 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 6714 23 territory territory NN 7960 6714 24 was be VBD 7960 6714 25 added add VBN 7960 6714 26 to to IN 7960 6714 27 that that DT 7960 6714 28 of of IN 7960 6714 29 the the DT 7960 6714 30 Franks Franks NNPS 7960 6714 31 . . . 7960 6715 1 Clovis Clovis NNP 7960 6715 2 subsequently subsequently RB 7960 6715 3 conquered conquer VBD 7960 6715 4 the the DT 7960 6715 5 Visigothic visigothic JJ 7960 6715 6 possessions possession NNS 7960 6715 7 between between IN 7960 6715 8 the the DT 7960 6715 9 Loire Loire NNP 7960 6715 10 and and CC 7960 6715 11 the the DT 7960 6715 12 Pyrenees Pyrenees NNPS 7960 6715 13 , , , 7960 6715 14 and and CC 7960 6715 15 compelled compel VBD 7960 6715 16 the the DT 7960 6715 17 Burgundians Burgundians NNPS 7960 6715 18 to to TO 7960 6715 19 pay pay VB 7960 6715 20 tribute tribute NN 7960 6715 21 . . . 7960 6716 1 Thus thus RB 7960 6716 2 Clovis Clovis NNP 7960 6716 3 made make VBD 7960 6716 4 himself -PRON- PRP 7960 6716 5 supreme supreme JJ 7960 6716 6 over over RP 7960 6716 7 nearly nearly RB 7960 6716 8 the the DT 7960 6716 9 whole whole NN 7960 6716 10 of of IN 7960 6716 11 Gaul Gaul NNP 7960 6716 12 and and CC 7960 6716 13 even even RB 7960 6716 14 extended extend VBD 7960 6716 15 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 6716 16 authority authority NN 7960 6716 17 to to IN 7960 6716 18 the the DT 7960 6716 19 other other JJ 7960 6716 20 side side NN 7960 6716 21 of of IN 7960 6716 22 the the DT 7960 6716 23 Rhine Rhine NNP 7960 6716 24 . . . 7960 6717 1 This this DT 7960 6717 2 great great JJ 7960 6717 3 work work NN 7960 6717 4 entitles entitle VBZ 7960 6717 5 him -PRON- PRP 7960 6717 6 to to TO 7960 6717 7 be be VB 7960 6717 8 called call VBN 7960 6717 9 the the DT 7960 6717 10 founder founder NN 7960 6717 11 of of IN 7960 6717 12 the the DT 7960 6717 13 French french JJ 7960 6717 14 nation nation NN 7960 6717 15 . . . 7960 6718 1 THE the DT 7960 6718 2 FRANKS FRANKS NNP 7960 6718 3 AND and CC 7960 6718 4 THE the DT 7960 6718 5 GALLO GALLO NNP 7960 6718 6 - - HYPH 7960 6718 7 ROMANS ROMANS NNP 7960 6718 8 Clovis Clovis NNP 7960 6718 9 reigned reign VBD 7960 6718 10 in in IN 7960 6718 11 western western JJ 7960 6718 12 Europe Europe NNP 7960 6718 13 as as IN 7960 6718 14 an an DT 7960 6718 15 independent independent JJ 7960 6718 16 king king NN 7960 6718 17 , , , 7960 6718 18 but but CC 7960 6718 19 he -PRON- PRP 7960 6718 20 acknowledged acknowledge VBD 7960 6718 21 a a DT 7960 6718 22 sort sort NN 7960 6718 23 of of IN 7960 6718 24 allegiance allegiance NN 7960 6718 25 to to IN 7960 6718 26 the the DT 7960 6718 27 Roman roman JJ 7960 6718 28 emperor emperor NN 7960 6718 29 by by IN 7960 6718 30 accepting accept VBG 7960 6718 31 the the DT 7960 6718 32 title title NN 7960 6718 33 of of IN 7960 6718 34 honorary honorary JJ 7960 6718 35 consul consul NN 7960 6718 36 . . . 7960 6719 1 Henceforth henceforth RB 7960 6719 2 to to IN 7960 6719 3 the the DT 7960 6719 4 Gallo Gallo NNP 7960 6719 5 - - HYPH 7960 6719 6 Romans Romans NNPS 7960 6719 7 he -PRON- PRP 7960 6719 8 represented represent VBD 7960 6719 9 the the DT 7960 6719 10 distant distant JJ 7960 6719 11 ruler ruler NN 7960 6719 12 at at IN 7960 6719 13 Constantinople Constantinople NNP 7960 6719 14 . . . 7960 6720 1 The the DT 7960 6720 2 Roman roman JJ 7960 6720 3 inhabitants inhabitant NNS 7960 6720 4 of of IN 7960 6720 5 Gaul Gaul NNP 7960 6720 6 were be VBD 7960 6720 7 not not RB 7960 6720 8 oppressed oppress VBN 7960 6720 9 ; ; : 7960 6720 10 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 6720 11 cities city NNS 7960 6720 12 were be VBD 7960 6720 13 preserved preserve VBN 7960 6720 14 ; ; : 7960 6720 15 and and CC 7960 6720 16 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 6720 17 language language NN 7960 6720 18 and and CC 7960 6720 19 laws law NNS 7960 6720 20 were be VBD 7960 6720 21 undisturbed undisturbed JJ 7960 6720 22 . . . 7960 6721 1 Clovis Clovis NNP 7960 6721 2 , , , 7960 6721 3 as as IN 7960 6721 4 a a DT 7960 6721 5 statesman statesman NN 7960 6721 6 , , , 7960 6721 7 may may MD 7960 6721 8 be be VB 7960 6721 9 compared compare VBN 7960 6721 10 with with IN 7960 6721 11 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 6721 12 eminent eminent JJ 7960 6721 13 contemporary contemporary NN 7960 6721 14 , , , 7960 6721 15 Theodoric Theodoric NNP 7960 6721 16 the the DT 7960 6721 17 Ostrogoth Ostrogoth NNP 7960 6721 18 . . . 7960 6722 1 CHRISTIANIZATION christianization NN 7960 6722 2 OF of IN 7960 6722 3 THE the DT 7960 6722 4 FRANKS FRANKS NNP 7960 6722 5 , , , 7960 6722 6 496 496 CD 7960 6722 7 A.D. 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NNS 7960 6733 6 and and CC 7960 6733 7 the the DT 7960 6733 8 Franks Franks NNP 7960 6733 9 afterwards afterwards RB 7960 6733 10 ripened ripen VBD 7960 6733 11 into into IN 7960 6733 12 a a DT 7960 6733 13 close close JJ 7960 6733 14 alliance alliance NN 7960 6733 15 which which WDT 7960 6733 16 greatly greatly RB 7960 6733 17 influenced influence VBD 7960 6733 18 European european JJ 7960 6733 19 history history NN 7960 6733 20 . . . 7960 6734 1 THE the DT 7960 6734 2 EARLIER EARLIER NNP 7960 6734 3 MEROVINGIAN merovingian NN 7960 6734 4 KINGS king VBZ 7960 6734 5 The the DT 7960 6734 6 descendants descendant NNS 7960 6734 7 of of IN 7960 6734 8 Clovis Clovis NNPS 7960 6734 9 are be VBP 7960 6734 10 called call VBN 7960 6734 11 Merovingians Merovingians NNPS 7960 6734 12 . . . 7960 6735 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 6735 2 10 10 CD 7960 6735 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 6735 4 They -PRON- PRP 7960 6735 5 occupied occupy VBD 7960 6735 6 the the DT 7960 6735 7 throne throne NN 7960 6735 8 of of IN 7960 6735 9 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Merovingians merovingian NNS 7960 6737 6 were be VBD 7960 6737 7 strong strong JJ 7960 6737 8 men man NNS 7960 6737 9 , , , 7960 6737 10 under under IN 7960 6737 11 whose whose WP$ 7960 6737 12 direction direction NN 7960 6737 13 the the DT 7960 6737 14 Frankish frankish JJ 7960 6737 15 territory territory NN 7960 6737 16 continued continue VBD 7960 6737 17 to to TO 7960 6737 18 expand expand VB 7960 6737 19 , , , 7960 6737 20 until until IN 7960 6737 21 it -PRON- PRP 7960 6737 22 included include VBD 7960 6737 23 nearly nearly RB 7960 6737 24 all all DT 7960 6737 25 of of IN 7960 6737 26 what what WP 7960 6737 27 is be VBZ 7960 6737 28 now now RB 7960 6737 29 France France NNP 7960 6737 30 , , , 7960 6737 31 Belgium Belgium NNP 7960 6737 32 , , , 7960 6737 33 and and CC 7960 6737 34 Holland Holland NNP 7960 6737 35 , , , 7960 6737 36 besides besides IN 7960 6737 37 a a DT 7960 6737 38 considerable considerable JJ 7960 6737 39 part part NN 7960 6737 40 of of IN 7960 6737 41 Germany 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6739 15 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 6739 16 original original JJ 7960 6739 17 homes home NNS 7960 6739 18 . . . 7960 6740 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 6740 2 kept keep VBD 7960 6740 3 permanently permanently RB 7960 6740 4 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 6740 5 territory territory NN 7960 6740 6 in in IN 7960 6740 7 Germany Germany NNP 7960 6740 8 , , , 7960 6740 9 drawing draw VBG 7960 6740 10 from from IN 7960 6740 11 it -PRON- PRP 7960 6740 12 continual continual JJ 7960 6740 13 reinforcements reinforcement NNS 7960 6740 14 of of IN 7960 6740 15 fresh fresh JJ 7960 6740 16 German german JJ 7960 6740 17 blood blood NN 7960 6740 18 . . . 7960 6741 1 In in IN 7960 6741 2 the the DT 7960 6741 3 second second JJ 7960 6741 4 place place NN 7960 6741 5 , , , 7960 6741 6 the the DT 7960 6741 7 Franks Franks NNPS 7960 6741 8 steadily steadily RB 7960 6741 9 added add VBD 7960 6741 10 new new JJ 7960 6741 11 German german JJ 7960 6741 12 lands land NNS 7960 6741 13 to to IN 7960 6741 14 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 6741 15 possessions possession NNS 7960 6741 16 . . . 7960 6742 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 6742 2 built build VBD 7960 6742 3 up up RP 7960 6742 4 in in IN 7960 6742 5 this this DT 7960 6742 6 way way NN 7960 6742 7 what what WP 7960 6742 8 was be VBD 7960 6742 9 the the DT 7960 6742 10 largest large JJS 7960 6742 11 and and CC 7960 6742 12 the the DT 7960 6742 13 most most RBS 7960 6742 14 permanent permanent JJ 7960 6742 15 of of IN 7960 6742 16 all all PDT 7960 6742 17 the the DT 7960 6742 18 barbarian barbarian JJ 7960 6742 19 states state NNS 7960 6742 20 founded found VBD 7960 6742 21 on on IN 7960 6742 22 the the DT 7960 6742 23 ruins ruin NNS 7960 6742 24 of of IN 7960 6742 25 the the DT 7960 6742 26 Roman Roman NNP 7960 6742 27 Empire Empire NNP 7960 6742 28 . . . 7960 6743 1 105 105 CD 7960 6743 2 . . . 7960 6744 1 THE the DT 7960 6744 2 FRANKS FRANKS NNP 7960 6744 3 UNDER under IN 7960 6744 4 CHARLES CHARLES NNP 7960 6744 5 MARTEL MARTEL NNS 7960 6744 6 AND and CC 7960 6744 7 PEPIN pepin VB 7960 6744 8 THE the DT 7960 6744 9 SHORT short JJ 7960 6744 10 THE the DT 7960 6744 11 LATER later JJ 7960 6744 12 MEROVINGIAN merovingian NN 7960 6744 13 KINGS king NNS 7960 6744 14 After after IN 7960 6744 15 the the DT 7960 6744 16 middle middle NN 7960 6744 17 of of IN 7960 6744 18 the the DT 7960 6744 19 seventh seventh JJ 7960 6744 20 century century NN 7960 6744 21 the the DT 7960 6744 22 Frankish frankish JJ 7960 6744 23 rulers ruler NNS 7960 6744 24 , , , 7960 6744 25 worn wear VBN 7960 6744 26 out out RP 7960 6744 27 by by IN 7960 6744 28 violence violence NN 7960 6744 29 and and CC 7960 6744 30 excesses excess NNS 7960 6744 31 , , , 7960 6744 32 degenerated degenerate VBD 7960 6744 33 into into IN 7960 6744 34 weaklings weakling NNS 7960 6744 35 , , , 7960 6744 36 who who WP 7960 6744 37 reigned reign VBD 7960 6744 38 but but CC 7960 6744 39 did do VBD 7960 6744 40 not not RB 7960 6744 41 rule rule VB 7960 6744 42 . . . 7960 6745 1 The the DT 7960 6745 2 actual actual JJ 7960 6745 3 management management NN 7960 6745 4 of of IN 7960 6745 5 the the DT 7960 6745 6 state state NN 7960 6745 7 passed pass VBD 7960 6745 8 into into IN 7960 6745 9 the the DT 7960 6745 10 hands hand NNS 7960 6745 11 of of IN 7960 6745 12 officers officer NNS 7960 6745 13 , , , 7960 6745 14 called call VBD 7960 6745 15 " " `` 7960 6745 16 mayors mayor NNS 7960 6745 17 of of IN 7960 6745 18 the the DT 7960 6745 19 palace palace NN 7960 6745 20 . . . 7960 6745 21 " " '' 7960 6746 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 6746 2 left leave VBD 7960 6746 3 to to IN 7960 6746 4 the the DT 7960 6746 5 kings king NNS 7960 6746 6 little little RB 7960 6746 7 more more JJR 7960 6746 8 than than IN 7960 6746 9 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 6746 10 title title NN 7960 6746 11 , , , 7960 6746 12 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 6746 13 long long JJ 7960 6746 14 hair,--the hair,--the NNP 7960 6746 15 badge badge NN 7960 6746 16 of of IN 7960 6746 17 royalty royalty NN 7960 6746 18 among among IN 7960 6746 19 the the DT 7960 6746 20 Franks,--and Franks,--and NNP 7960 6746 21 a a DT 7960 6746 22 scanty scanty NN 7960 6746 23 allowance allowance NN 7960 6746 24 for for IN 7960 6746 25 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 6746 26 support support NN 7960 6746 27 . . . 7960 6747 1 The the DT 7960 6747 2 later later JJ 7960 6747 3 Merovingians Merovingians NNPS 7960 6747 4 , , , 7960 6747 5 accordingly accordingly RB 7960 6747 6 , , , 7960 6747 7 are be VBP 7960 6747 8 often often RB 7960 6747 9 known know VBN 7960 6747 10 as as IN 7960 6747 11 the the DT 7960 6747 12 " " `` 7960 6747 13 do do NN 7960 6747 14 - - HYPH 7960 6747 15 nothing nothing NN 7960 6747 16 kings king NNS 7960 6747 17 . . . 7960 6747 18 " " '' 7960 6748 1 CHARLES charle NNS 7960 6748 2 MARTEL MARTEL NNP 7960 6748 3 The the DT 7960 6748 4 most most RBS 7960 6748 5 illustrious illustrious JJ 7960 6748 6 of of IN 7960 6748 7 these these DT 7960 6748 8 mayors mayor NNS 7960 6748 9 was be VBD 7960 6748 10 Charles Charles NNP 7960 6748 11 , , , 7960 6748 12 surnamed surname VBD 7960 6748 13 Martel Martel NNP 7960 6748 14 , , , 7960 6748 15 " " '' 7960 6748 16 the the DT 7960 6748 17 Hammer Hammer NNP 7960 6748 18 , , , 7960 6748 19 " " '' 7960 6748 20 from from IN 7960 6748 21 the the DT 7960 6748 22 terrible terrible JJ 7960 6748 23 defeat defeat NN 7960 6748 24 which which WDT 7960 6748 25 he -PRON- PRP 7960 6748 26 administered administer VBD 7960 6748 27 to to IN 7960 6748 28 the the DT 7960 6748 29 Mohammedans Mohammedans NNPS 7960 6748 30 near near IN 7960 6748 31 Tours Tours NNPS 7960 6748 32 , , , 7960 6748 33 in in IN 7960 6748 34 central central JJ 7960 6748 35 France France NNP 7960 6748 36 . . . 7960 6749 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 6749 2 11 11 CD 7960 6749 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 6749 4 Charles Charles NNP 7960 6749 5 Martel Martel NNP 7960 6749 6 was be VBD 7960 6749 7 virtually virtually RB 7960 6749 8 a a DT 7960 6749 9 king king NN 7960 6749 10 , , , 7960 6749 11 but but CC 7960 6749 12 he -PRON- PRP 7960 6749 13 never never RB 7960 6749 14 ventured venture VBD 7960 6749 15 to to TO 7960 6749 16 set set VB 7960 6749 17 aside aside RP 7960 6749 18 the the DT 7960 6749 19 Merovingian merovingian JJ 7960 6749 20 ruler ruler NN 7960 6749 21 and and CC 7960 6749 22 himself -PRON- PRP 7960 6749 23 ascend ascend VBP 7960 6749 24 the the DT 7960 6749 25 throne throne NN 7960 6749 26 . . . 7960 6750 1 This this DT 7960 6750 2 step step NN 7960 6750 3 was be VBD 7960 6750 4 taken take VBN 7960 6750 5 , , , 7960 6750 6 however however RB 7960 6750 7 , , , 7960 6750 8 by by IN 7960 6750 9 Charles Charles NNP 7960 6750 10 's 's POS 7960 6750 11 son son NN 7960 6750 12 , , , 7960 6750 13 Pepin Pepin NNP 7960 6750 14 the the DT 7960 6750 15 Short Short NNP 7960 6750 16 . . . 7960 6751 1 PEPIN PEPIN NNP 7960 6751 2 THE the DT 7960 6751 3 SHORT short JJ 7960 6751 4 BECOMES becomes NN 7960 6751 5 KING king NN 7960 6751 6 OF of IN 7960 6751 7 THE the DT 7960 6751 8 FRANKS FRANKS NNP 7960 6751 9 , , , 7960 6751 10 751 751 CD 7960 6751 11 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 6751 12 Before before IN 7960 6751 13 dethroning dethrone VBG 7960 6751 14 the the DT 7960 6751 15 last last JJ 7960 6751 16 feeble feeble JJ 7960 6751 17 " " `` 7960 6751 18 do do NN 7960 6751 19 - - HYPH 7960 6751 20 nothing nothing NN 7960 6751 21 , , , 7960 6751 22 " " '' 7960 6751 23 Pepin Pepin NNP 7960 6751 24 sought seek VBD 7960 6751 25 the the DT 7960 6751 26 approval approval NN 7960 6751 27 of of IN 7960 6751 28 the the DT 7960 6751 29 bishop bishop NN 7960 6751 30 of of IN 7960 6751 31 Rome Rome NNP 7960 6751 32 . . . 7960 6752 1 The the DT 7960 6752 2 pope pope NN 7960 6752 3 , , , 7960 6752 4 without without IN 7960 6752 5 hesitation hesitation NN 7960 6752 6 , , , 7960 6752 7 declared declare VBD 7960 6752 8 that that IN 7960 6752 9 it -PRON- PRP 7960 6752 10 was be VBD 7960 6752 11 only only RB 7960 6752 12 right right JJ 7960 6752 13 that that IN 7960 6752 14 the the DT 7960 6752 15 man man NN 7960 6752 16 who who WP 7960 6752 17 had have VBD 7960 6752 18 the the DT 7960 6752 19 real real JJ 7960 6752 20 authority authority NN 7960 6752 21 in in IN 7960 6752 22 the the DT 7960 6752 23 state state NN 7960 6752 24 should should MD 7960 6752 25 have have VB 7960 6752 26 the the DT 7960 6752 27 royal royal JJ 7960 6752 28 title title NN 7960 6752 29 also also RB 7960 6752 30 . . . 7960 6753 1 Pepin Pepin NNP 7960 6753 2 , , , 7960 6753 3 accordingly accordingly RB 7960 6753 4 , , , 7960 6753 5 caused cause VBD 7960 6753 6 himself -PRON- PRP 7960 6753 7 to to TO 7960 6753 8 be be VB 7960 6753 9 crowned crown VBN 7960 6753 10 king king NN 7960 6753 11 of of IN 7960 6753 12 the the DT 7960 6753 13 Franks Franks NNPS 7960 6753 14 , , , 7960 6753 15 thus thus RB 7960 6753 16 founding found VBG 7960 6753 17 the the DT 7960 6753 18 Carolingian carolingian JJ 7960 6753 19 [ [ -LRB- 7960 6753 20 12 12 CD 7960 6753 21 ] ] -RRB- 7960 6753 22 dynasty dynasty NN 7960 6753 23 . . . 7960 6754 1 ( ( -LRB- 7960 6754 2 751 751 CD 7960 6754 3 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 6754 4 ) ) -RRB- 7960 6754 5 . . . 7960 6755 1 Three three CD 7960 6755 2 years year NNS 7960 6755 3 later later RB 7960 6755 4 Pope Pope NNP 7960 6755 5 Stephen Stephen NNP 7960 6755 6 II II NNP 7960 6755 7 came come VBD 7960 6755 8 to to IN 7960 6755 9 Pepin Pepin NNP 7960 6755 10 's 's POS 7960 6755 11 court court NN 7960 6755 12 and and CC 7960 6755 13 solemnly solemnly RB 7960 6755 14 anointed anoint VBD 7960 6755 15 the the DT 7960 6755 16 new new JJ 7960 6755 17 ruler ruler NN 7960 6755 18 with with IN 7960 6755 19 holy holy JJ 7960 6755 20 oil oil NN 7960 6755 21 , , , 7960 6755 22 in in IN 7960 6755 23 accordance accordance NN 7960 6755 24 with with IN 7960 6755 25 ancient ancient JJ 7960 6755 26 Jewish jewish JJ 7960 6755 27 custom custom NN 7960 6755 28 . . . 7960 6756 1 The the DT 7960 6756 2 rite rite NN 7960 6756 3 of of IN 7960 6756 4 anointing anointing NN 7960 6756 5 , , , 7960 6756 6 something something NN 7960 6756 7 unknown unknown JJ 7960 6756 8 to to IN 7960 6756 9 the the DT 7960 6756 10 Germans Germans NNPS 7960 6756 11 , , , 7960 6756 12 gave give VBD 7960 6756 13 to to IN 7960 6756 14 Pepin Pepin NNP 7960 6756 15 's 's POS 7960 6756 16 coronation coronation NN 7960 6756 17 the the DT 7960 6756 18 sanction sanction NN 7960 6756 19 of of IN 7960 6756 20 the the DT 7960 6756 21 Roman Roman NNP 7960 6756 22 Church Church NNP 7960 6756 23 . . . 7960 6757 1 Henceforth henceforth RB 7960 6757 2 the the DT 7960 6757 3 Frankish frankish JJ 7960 6757 4 sovereigns sovereign NNS 7960 6757 5 called call VBD 7960 6757 6 themselves -PRON- PRP 7960 6757 7 " " `` 7960 6757 8 kings king NNS 7960 6757 9 by by IN 7960 6757 10 the the DT 7960 6757 11 grade grade NN 7960 6757 12 of of IN 7960 6757 13 God God NNP 7960 6757 14 . . . 7960 6757 15 " " '' 7960 6758 1 " " `` 7960 6758 2 DONATION DONATION NNP 7960 6758 3 OF of IN 7960 6758 4 PEPIN PEPIN NNP 7960 6758 5 , , , 7960 6758 6 " " '' 7960 6758 7 756 756 CD 7960 6758 8 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 6758 9 Pepin Pepin NNP 7960 6758 10 was be VBD 7960 6758 11 soon soon RB 7960 6758 12 able able JJ 7960 6758 13 to to TO 7960 6758 14 repay repay VB 7960 6758 15 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 6758 16 great great JJ 7960 6758 17 obligation obligation NN 7960 6758 18 to to IN 7960 6758 19 the the DT 7960 6758 20 Roman Roman NNP 7960 6758 21 Church Church NNP 7960 6758 22 by by IN 7960 6758 23 becoming become VBG 7960 6758 24 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 6758 25 protector protector NN 7960 6758 26 against against IN 7960 6758 27 the the DT 7960 6758 28 Lombards Lombards NNP 7960 6758 29 . . . 7960 6759 1 These these DT 7960 6759 2 barbarians barbarian NNS 7960 6759 3 , , , 7960 6759 4 who who WP 7960 6759 5 were be VBD 7960 6759 6 trying try VBG 7960 6759 7 to to TO 7960 6759 8 extend extend VB 7960 6759 9 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 6759 10 rule rule NN 7960 6759 11 in in IN 7960 6759 12 Italy Italy NNP 7960 6759 13 , , , 7960 6759 14 threatened threaten VBD 7960 6759 15 to to TO 7960 6759 16 capture capture VB 7960 6759 17 Rome Rome NNP 7960 6759 18 and and CC 7960 6759 19 the the DT 7960 6759 20 territory territory NN 7960 6759 21 in in IN 7960 6759 22 the the DT 7960 6759 23 vicinity vicinity NN 7960 6759 24 of of IN 7960 6759 25 that that DT 7960 6759 26 city city NN 7960 6759 27 , , , 7960 6759 28 then then RB 7960 6759 29 under under IN 7960 6759 30 the the DT 7960 6759 31 control control NN 7960 6759 32 of of IN 7960 6759 33 the the DT 7960 6759 34 pope pope NNP 7960 6759 35 . . . 7960 6760 1 Pepin Pepin NNP 7960 6760 2 twice twice RB 7960 6760 3 entered enter VBD 7960 6760 4 Italy Italy NNP 7960 6760 5 with with IN 7960 6760 6 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 6760 7 army army NN 7960 6760 8 , , , 7960 6760 9 defeated defeat VBD 7960 6760 10 the the DT 7960 6760 11 Lombards Lombards NNPS 7960 6760 12 , , , 7960 6760 13 and and CC 7960 6760 14 forced force VBD 7960 6760 15 them -PRON- PRP 7960 6760 16 to to TO 7960 6760 17 cede cede VB 7960 6760 18 to to IN 7960 6760 19 Pope Pope NNP 7960 6760 20 Stephen Stephen NNP 7960 6760 21 an an DT 7960 6760 22 extensive extensive JJ 7960 6760 23 district district NN 7960 6760 24 lying lie VBG 7960 6760 25 between between IN 7960 6760 26 Rome Rome NNP 7960 6760 27 and and CC 7960 6760 28 Ravenna Ravenna NNP 7960 6760 29 . . . 7960 6761 1 Pepin Pepin NNP 7960 6761 2 might may MD 7960 6761 3 have have VB 7960 6761 4 returned return VBN 7960 6761 5 this this DT 7960 6761 6 district district NN 7960 6761 7 to to IN 7960 6761 8 the the DT 7960 6761 9 emperor emperor NN 7960 6761 10 at at IN 7960 6761 11 Constantinople Constantinople NNP 7960 6761 12 , , , 7960 6761 13 to to TO 7960 6761 14 whom whom WP 7960 6761 15 it -PRON- PRP 7960 6761 16 belonged belong VBD 7960 6761 17 , , , 7960 6761 18 but but CC 7960 6761 19 the the DT 7960 6761 20 Frankish frankish JJ 7960 6761 21 king king NN 7960 6761 22 declared declare VBD 7960 6761 23 that that IN 7960 6761 24 he -PRON- PRP 7960 6761 25 had have VBD 7960 6761 26 not not RB 7960 6761 27 fought fight VBN 7960 6761 28 for for IN 7960 6761 29 the the DT 7960 6761 30 advantage advantage NN 7960 6761 31 of of IN 7960 6761 32 any any DT 7960 6761 33 man man NN 7960 6761 34 but but CC 7960 6761 35 for for IN 7960 6761 36 the the DT 7960 6761 37 welfare welfare NN 7960 6761 38 of of IN 7960 6761 39 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 6761 40 own own JJ 7960 6761 41 soul soul NN 7960 6761 42 . . . 7960 6762 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 6762 2 decided decide VBD 7960 6762 3 , , , 7960 6762 4 therefore therefore RB 7960 6762 5 , , , 7960 6762 6 to to TO 7960 6762 7 bestow bestow VB 7960 6762 8 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 6762 9 conquests conquest NNS 7960 6762 10 on on IN 7960 6762 11 St. St. NNP 7960 6762 12 Peter Peter NNP 7960 6762 13 's 's POS 7960 6762 14 representative representative NN 7960 6762 15 , , , 7960 6762 16 the the DT 7960 6762 17 pope pope NNP 7960 6762 18 . . . 7960 6763 1 Before before IN 7960 6763 2 this this DT 7960 6763 3 time time NN 7960 6763 4 the the DT 7960 6763 5 bishops bishop NNS 7960 6763 6 of of IN 7960 6763 7 Rome Rome NNP 7960 6763 8 had have VBD 7960 6763 9 owned own VBN 7960 6763 10 much much JJ 7960 6763 11 land land NN 7960 6763 12 in in IN 7960 6763 13 Italy Italy NNP 7960 6763 14 and and CC 7960 6763 15 had have VBD 7960 6763 16 acted act VBN 7960 6763 17 as as IN 7960 6763 18 virtual virtual JJ 7960 6763 19 sovereigns sovereign NNS 7960 6763 20 in in IN 7960 6763 21 Rome Rome NNP 7960 6763 22 and and CC 7960 6763 23 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 6763 24 neighborhood neighborhood NN 7960 6763 25 . . . 7960 6764 1 Pepin Pepin NNP 7960 6764 2 's 's POS 7960 6764 3 gift gift NN 7960 6764 4 , , , 7960 6764 5 known know VBN 7960 6764 6 as as IN 7960 6764 7 the the DT 7960 6764 8 " " `` 7960 6764 9 Donation Donation NNP 7960 6764 10 of of IN 7960 6764 11 Pepin Pepin NNP 7960 6764 12 , , , 7960 6764 13 " " '' 7960 6764 14 greatly greatly RB 7960 6764 15 increased increase VBD 7960 6764 16 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 6764 17 possessions possession NNS 7960 6764 18 , , , 7960 6764 19 which which WDT 7960 6764 20 came come VBD 7960 6764 21 to to TO 7960 6764 22 be be VB 7960 6764 23 called call VBN 7960 6764 24 the the DT 7960 6764 25 States States NNPS 7960 6764 26 of of IN 7960 6764 27 the the DT 7960 6764 28 Church Church NNP 7960 6764 29 . . . 7960 6765 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 6765 2 remained remain VBD 7960 6765 3 in in IN 7960 6765 4 the the DT 7960 6765 5 hands hand NNS 7960 6765 6 of of IN 7960 6765 7 the the DT 7960 6765 8 popes pope NNS 7960 6765 9 until until IN 7960 6765 10 late late RB 7960 6765 11 in in IN 7960 6765 12 the the DT 7960 6765 13 nineteenth nineteenth JJ 7960 6765 14 century century NN 7960 6765 15 . . . 7960 6766 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 6766 2 13 13 CD 7960 6766 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 6766 4 106 106 CD 7960 6766 5 . . . 7960 6767 1 THE the DT 7960 6767 2 REIGN REIGN NNP 7960 6767 3 OF of IN 7960 6767 4 CHARLEMAGNE CHARLEMAGNE NNP 7960 6767 5 , , , 7960 6767 6 768 768 CD 7960 6767 7 - - SYM 7960 6767 8 814 814 CD 7960 6767 9 A.D. a.d. NN 7960 6767 10 CHARLEMAGNE CHARLEMAGNE NNP 7960 6767 11 THE the DT 7960 6767 12 MAN MAN NNP 7960 6767 13 Pepin Pepin NNP 7960 6767 14 was be VBD 7960 6767 15 succeeded succeed VBN 7960 6767 16 in in IN 7960 6767 17 768 768 CD 7960 6767 18 A.D. a.d. NN 7960 6767 19 by by IN 7960 6767 20 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 6767 21 two two CD 7960 6767 22 sons son NNS 7960 6767 23 , , , 7960 6767 24 one one CD 7960 6767 25 of of IN 7960 6767 26 whom whom WP 7960 6767 27 , , , 7960 6767 28 Charlemagne Charlemagne NNP 7960 6767 29 , , , 7960 6767 30 three three CD 7960 6767 31 years year NNS 7960 6767 32 later later RB 7960 6767 33 became become VBD 7960 6767 34 sole sole JJ 7960 6767 35 king king NN 7960 6767 36 of of IN 7960 6767 37 the the DT 7960 6767 38 Franks Franks NNPS 7960 6767 39 . . . 7960 6768 1 Charlemagne Charlemagne NNP 7960 6768 2 reigned reign VBD 7960 6768 3 for for IN 7960 6768 4 nearly nearly RB 7960 6768 5 half half PDT 7960 6768 6 a a DT 7960 6768 7 century century NN 7960 6768 8 , , , 7960 6768 9 and and CC 7960 6768 10 during during IN 7960 6768 11 this this DT 7960 6768 12 time time NN 7960 6768 13 he -PRON- PRP 7960 6768 14 set set VBD 7960 6768 15 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 6768 16 stamp stamp NN 7960 6768 17 on on IN 7960 6768 18 all all DT 7960 6768 19 later later JJ 7960 6768 20 European european JJ 7960 6768 21 history history NN 7960 6768 22 . . . 7960 6769 1 His -PRON- PRP$ 7960 6769 2 character character NN 7960 6769 3 and and CC 7960 6769 4 personality personality NN 7960 6769 5 are be VBP 7960 6769 6 familiar familiar JJ 7960 6769 7 to to IN 7960 6769 8 us -PRON- PRP 7960 6769 9 from from IN 7960 6769 10 a a DT 7960 6769 11 brief brief JJ 7960 6769 12 biography biography NN 7960 6769 13 , , , 7960 6769 14 written write VBN 7960 6769 15 by by IN 7960 6769 16 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 6769 17 secretary secretary NN 7960 6769 18 , , , 7960 6769 19 Einhard Einhard NNP 7960 6769 20 . . . 7960 6770 1 Charlemagne Charlemagne NNP 7960 6770 2 , , , 7960 6770 3 we -PRON- PRP 7960 6770 4 learn learn VBP 7960 6770 5 , , , 7960 6770 6 was be VBD 7960 6770 7 a a DT 7960 6770 8 tall tall JJ 7960 6770 9 , , , 7960 6770 10 square square NN 7960 6770 11 - 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- HYPH 7960 6776 15 educated educate VBN 7960 6776 16 man man NN 7960 6776 17 -- -- : 7960 6776 18 by by IN 7960 6776 19 no no DT 7960 6776 20 means means NN 7960 6776 21 a a DT 7960 6776 22 barbarian barbarian NN 7960 6776 23 . . . 7960 6777 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 6777 2 Illustration illustration NN 7960 6777 3 : : : 7960 6777 4 CHARLEMAGNE CHARLEMAGNE NNP 7960 6777 5 ( ( -LRB- 7960 6777 6 Lateran Lateran NNP 7960 6777 7 Museum Museum NNP 7960 6777 8 , , , 7960 6777 9 Rome Rome NNP 7960 6777 10 ) ) -RRB- 7960 6777 11 A a DT 7960 6777 12 mosaic mosaic JJ 7960 6777 13 picture picture NN 7960 6777 14 , , , 7960 6777 15 made make VBN 7960 6777 16 during during IN 7960 6777 17 the the DT 7960 6777 18 lifetime lifetime NN 7960 6777 19 of of IN 7960 6777 20 Charlemagne Charlemagne NNP 7960 6777 21 and and CC 7960 6777 22 probably probably RB 7960 6777 23 a a DT 7960 6777 24 fair fair JJ 7960 6777 25 likeness likeness NN 7960 6777 26 of of IN 7960 6777 27 him -PRON- PRP 7960 6777 28 . . . 7960 6777 29 ] ] -RRB- 7960 6778 1 CONQUEST CONQUEST NNP 7960 6778 2 AND and CC 7960 6778 3 CONVERSION conversion NN 7960 6778 4 OF of IN 7960 6778 5 THE the DT 7960 6778 6 SAXONS saxon NNS 7960 6778 7 , , , 7960 6778 8 772 772 CD 7960 6778 9 - 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NNP 7960 6778 12 Much much JJ 7960 6778 13 of of IN 7960 6778 14 Charlemagne Charlemagne NNP 7960 6778 15 's 's POS 7960 6778 16 long long JJ 7960 6778 17 life life NN 7960 6778 18 , , , 7960 6778 19 almost almost RB 7960 6778 20 to to IN 7960 6778 21 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 6778 22 close close NN 7960 6778 23 , , , 7960 6778 24 was be VBD 7960 6778 25 filled fill VBN 7960 6778 26 with with IN 7960 6778 27 warfare warfare NN 7960 6778 28 . . . 7960 6779 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 6779 2 fought fight VBD 7960 6779 3 chiefly chiefly RB 7960 6779 4 against against IN 7960 6779 5 the the DT 7960 6779 6 still still RB 7960 6779 7 - - HYPH 7960 6779 8 heathen heathen NN 7960 6779 9 peoples people NNS 7960 6779 10 on on IN 7960 6779 11 the the DT 7960 6779 12 frontiers frontier NNS 7960 6779 13 of of IN 7960 6779 14 the the DT 7960 6779 15 Frankish frankish JJ 7960 6779 16 realm realm NN 7960 6779 17 . . . 7960 6780 1 The the DT 7960 6780 2 subjugation subjugation NN 7960 6780 3 of of IN 7960 6780 4 the the DT 7960 6780 5 Saxons Saxons NNPS 7960 6780 6 , , , 7960 6780 7 who who WP 7960 6780 8 lived live VBD 7960 6780 9 in in IN 7960 6780 10 the the DT 7960 6780 11 forests forest NNS 7960 6780 12 and and CC 7960 6780 13 marshes marsh NNS 7960 6780 14 of of IN 7960 6780 15 northwestern northwestern JJ 7960 6780 16 Germany Germany NNP 7960 6780 17 , , , 7960 6780 18 took take VBD 7960 6780 19 many many JJ 7960 6780 20 years year NNS 7960 6780 21 . . . 7960 6781 1 Charlemagne Charlemagne NNP 7960 6781 2 at at IN 7960 6781 3 the the DT 7960 6781 4 head head NN 7960 6781 5 of of IN 7960 6781 6 a a DT 7960 6781 7 great great JJ 7960 6781 8 army army NN 7960 6781 9 would would MD 7960 6781 10 invade invade VB 7960 6781 11 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 6781 12 territory territory NN 7960 6781 13 , , , 7960 6781 14 beat beat VBD 7960 6781 15 them -PRON- PRP 7960 6781 16 in in IN 7960 6781 17 battle battle NN 7960 6781 18 , , , 7960 6781 19 and and CC 7960 6781 20 receive receive VBP 7960 6781 21 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 6781 22 submission submission NN 7960 6781 23 , , , 7960 6781 24 only only RB 7960 6781 25 to to TO 7960 6781 26 find find VB 7960 6781 27 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 6781 28 work work NN 7960 6781 29 undone undo VBN 7960 6781 30 by by IN 7960 6781 31 a a DT 7960 6781 32 sudden sudden JJ 7960 6781 33 rising rising NN 7960 6781 34 of of IN 7960 6781 35 the the DT 7960 6781 36 liberty liberty NN 7960 6781 37 - 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6794 31 the the DT 7960 6794 32 Romans Romans NNPS 7960 6794 33 . . . 7960 6794 34 " " '' 7960 6795 1 CHARLEMAGNE CHARLEMAGNE NNP 7960 6795 2 'S 's POS 7960 6795 3 OTHER OTHER NNP 7960 6795 4 CONQUESTS CONQUESTS NNP 7960 6795 5 Charlemagne Charlemagne NNP 7960 6795 6 's 's POS 7960 6795 7 conquests conquest NNS 7960 6795 8 were be VBD 7960 6795 9 not not RB 7960 6795 10 confined confine VBN 7960 6795 11 to to IN 7960 6795 12 Germanic Germanic NNP 7960 6795 13 peoples people NNS 7960 6795 14 . . . 7960 6796 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 6796 2 forced force VBD 7960 6796 3 the the DT 7960 6796 4 wild wild JJ 7960 6796 5 Avars avar NNS 7960 6796 6 , , , 7960 6796 7 who who WP 7960 6796 8 had have VBD 7960 6796 9 advanced advance VBN 7960 6796 10 from from IN 7960 6796 11 the the DT 7960 6796 12 Caspian Caspian NNP 7960 6796 13 into into IN 7960 6796 14 the the DT 7960 6796 15 Danube Danube NNP 7960 6796 16 valley valley NN 7960 6796 17 , , , 7960 6796 18 to to TO 7960 6796 19 acknowledge 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NNP 7960 6800 18 ] ] -RRB- 7960 6800 19 CHARLEMAGNE CHARLEMAGNE NNP 7960 6800 20 'S 's POS 7960 6800 21 GOVERNMENT GOVERNMENT NNP 7960 6800 22 Charlemagne Charlemagne NNP 7960 6800 23 was be VBD 7960 6800 24 a a DT 7960 6800 25 statesman statesman NN 7960 6800 26 , , , 7960 6800 27 as as RB 7960 6800 28 well well RB 7960 6800 29 as as IN 7960 6800 30 a a DT 7960 6800 31 warrior warrior NN 7960 6800 32 . . . 7960 6801 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 6801 2 divided divide VBD 7960 6801 3 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 6801 4 wide wide JJ 7960 6801 5 dominions dominion NNS 7960 6801 6 into into IN 7960 6801 7 counties county NNS 7960 6801 8 , , , 7960 6801 9 each each DT 7960 6801 10 one one NN 7960 6801 11 ruled rule VBD 7960 6801 12 by by IN 7960 6801 13 a a DT 7960 6801 14 count count NN 7960 6801 15 , , , 7960 6801 16 who who WP 7960 6801 17 was be VBD 7960 6801 18 expected expect VBN 7960 6801 19 to to TO 7960 6801 20 keep keep VB 7960 6801 21 order order NN 7960 6801 22 and and CC 7960 6801 23 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6833 18 of of IN 7960 6833 19 the the DT 7960 6833 20 nineteenth nineteenth JJ 7960 6833 21 century century NN 7960 6833 22 . . . 7960 6834 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 6834 2 16 16 CD 7960 6834 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 6834 4 CHARLEMAGNE CHARLEMAGNE NNP 7960 6834 5 'S 's POS 7960 6834 6 EMPIRE EMPIRE NNP 7960 6834 7 Charlemagne Charlemagne NNP 7960 6834 8 's 's POS 7960 6834 9 empire empire NN 7960 6834 10 was be VBD 7960 6834 11 not not RB 7960 6834 12 in in IN 7960 6834 13 any any DT 7960 6834 14 true true JJ 7960 6834 15 sense sense NN 7960 6834 16 a a DT 7960 6834 17 continuation continuation NN 7960 6834 18 of of IN 7960 6834 19 the the DT 7960 6834 20 Roman Roman NNP 7960 6834 21 Empire Empire NNP 7960 6834 22 . . . 7960 6835 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 6835 2 did do VBD 7960 6835 3 not not RB 7960 6835 4 include include VB 7960 6835 5 the the DT 7960 6835 6 dominions dominion NNS 7960 6835 7 over over IN 7960 6835 8 which which WDT 7960 6835 9 the the DT 7960 6835 10 emperors emperor NNS 7960 6835 11 at 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2 piratical piratical JJ 7960 6863 3 Northmen Northmen NNP 7960 6863 4 from from IN 7960 6863 5 Denmark Denmark NNP 7960 6863 6 and and CC 7960 6863 7 Norway Norway NNP 7960 6863 8 harried harry VBD 7960 6863 9 the the DT 7960 6863 10 coast coast NN 7960 6863 11 of of IN 7960 6863 12 France France NNP 7960 6863 13 and and CC 7960 6863 14 made make VBD 7960 6863 15 inroads inroad NNS 7960 6863 16 far far RB 7960 6863 17 beyond beyond IN 7960 6863 18 Paris Paris NNP 7960 6863 19 . . . 7960 6864 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 6864 2 also also RB 7960 6864 3 penetrated penetrate VBD 7960 6864 4 into into IN 7960 6864 5 western western JJ 7960 6864 6 Germany Germany NNP 7960 6864 7 , , , 7960 6864 8 sailing sailing NN 7960 6864 9 up up RP 7960 6864 10 the the DT 7960 6864 11 Rhine Rhine NNP 7960 6864 12 in in IN 7960 6864 13 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 6864 14 black black JJ 7960 6864 15 ships ship NNS 7960 6864 16 and and CC 7960 6864 17 destroying destroy VBG 7960 6864 18 such such JJ 7960 6864 19 important important JJ 7960 6864 20 towns town NNS 7960 6864 21 as as IN 7960 6864 22 Cologne Cologne NNP 7960 6864 23 and and CC 7960 6864 24 Aix Aix NNP 7960 6864 25 - - HYPH 7960 6864 26 la- la- NNP 7960 6864 27 Chapelle Chapelle NNP 7960 6864 28 . . . 7960 6865 1 Meanwhile meanwhile RB 7960 6865 2 , , , 7960 6865 3 eastern eastern JJ 7960 6865 4 Germany Germany NNP 7960 6865 5 lay lie VBD 7960 6865 6 exposed expose VBN 7960 6865 7 to to IN 7960 6865 8 the the DT 7960 6865 9 attacks attack NNS 7960 6865 10 of of IN 7960 6865 11 the the DT 7960 6865 12 Slavs Slavs NNP 7960 6865 13 , , , 7960 6865 14 whom whom WP 7960 6865 15 Charlemagne Charlemagne NNP 7960 6865 16 had have VBD 7960 6865 17 defeated defeat VBN 7960 6865 18 but but CC 7960 6865 19 not not RB 7960 6865 20 subdued subdue VBD 7960 6865 21 . . . 7960 6866 1 The the DT 7960 6866 2 Magyars Magyars NNPS 7960 6866 3 , , , 7960 6866 4 or or CC 7960 6866 5 Hungarians Hungarians NNPS 7960 6866 6 , , , 7960 6866 7 were be VBD 7960 6866 8 also also RB 7960 6866 9 dreaded dread VBN 7960 6866 10 foes foe NNS 7960 6866 11 . . . 7960 6867 1 Their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 6867 2 wild wild JJ 7960 6867 3 horsemen horseman NNS 7960 6867 4 entered enter VBD 7960 6867 5 Europe Europe NNP 7960 6867 6 from from IN 7960 6867 7 the the DT 7960 6867 8 plains plain NNS 7960 6867 9 of of IN 7960 6867 10 Asia Asia NNP 7960 6867 11 and and CC 7960 6867 12 , , , 7960 6867 13 like like IN 7960 6867 14 the the DT 7960 6867 15 Huns Huns NNPS 7960 6867 16 and and CC 7960 6867 17 Avars Avars NNP 7960 6867 18 to to TO 7960 6867 19 whom whom WP 7960 6867 20 they -PRON- PRP 7960 6867 21 were be VBD 7960 6867 22 probably probably RB 7960 6867 23 related relate VBN 7960 6867 24 , , , 7960 6867 25 spread spread VB 7960 6867 26 devastation devastation NN 7960 6867 27 far far RB 7960 6867 28 and and CC 7960 6867 29 wide wide RB 7960 6867 30 . . . 7960 6868 1 A a DT 7960 6868 2 great great JJ 7960 6868 3 part part NN 7960 6868 4 of of IN 7960 6868 5 Europe Europe NNP 7960 6868 6 thus thus RB 7960 6868 7 suffered suffer VBD 7960 6868 8 from from IN 7960 6868 9 invasions invasion NNS 7960 6868 10 almost almost RB 7960 6868 11 as as RB 7960 6868 12 destructive destructive JJ 7960 6868 13 as as IN 7960 6868 14 those those DT 7960 6868 15 which which WDT 7960 6868 16 had have VBD 7960 6868 17 brought bring VBN 7960 6868 18 ruin ruin NN 7960 6868 19 to to IN 7960 6868 20 the the DT 7960 6868 21 old old JJ 7960 6868 22 Roman roman JJ 7960 6868 23 world world NN 7960 6868 24 . . . 7960 6869 1 109 109 CD 7960 6869 2 . . . 7960 6870 1 GERMANY GERMANY NNP 7960 6870 2 UNDER under IN 7960 6870 3 THE the DT 7960 6870 4 SAXON SAXON NNP 7960 6870 5 KINGS king NNS 7960 6870 6 , , , 7960 6870 7 919 919 CD 7960 6870 8 - - SYM 7960 6870 9 973 973 CD 7960 6870 10 A.D. a.d. NN 7960 6871 1 THE the DT 7960 6871 2 GERMAN GERMAN NNP 7960 6871 3 STEM stem JJ 7960 6871 4 - - : 7960 6871 5 DUCHIES duchy NNS 7960 6871 6 The the DT 7960 6871 7 tenth tenth JJ 7960 6871 8 century century NN 7960 6871 9 saw see VBD 7960 6871 10 another another DT 7960 6871 11 movement movement NN 7960 6871 12 toward toward IN 7960 6871 13 the the DT 7960 6871 14 restoration restoration NN 7960 6871 15 of of IN 7960 6871 16 law law NN 7960 6871 17 and and CC 7960 6871 18 order order NN 7960 6871 19 . . . 7960 6872 1 The the DT 7960 6872 2 civilizing civilize VBG 7960 6872 3 work work NN 7960 6872 4 of of IN 7960 6872 5 Charlemagne Charlemagne NNP 7960 6872 6 was be VBD 7960 6872 7 taken take VBN 7960 6872 8 up up RP 7960 6872 9 by by IN 7960 6872 10 German german JJ 7960 6872 11 kings king NNS 7960 6872 12 , , , 7960 6872 13 not not RB 7960 6872 14 of of IN 7960 6872 15 the the DT 7960 6872 16 old old JJ 7960 6872 17 Prankish prankish JJ 7960 6872 18 stock stock NN 7960 6872 19 , , , 7960 6872 20 but but CC 7960 6872 21 belonging belong VBG 7960 6872 22 to to IN 7960 6872 23 that that DT 7960 6872 24 Saxon Saxon NNP 7960 6872 25 people people NNS 7960 6872 26 which which WDT 7960 6872 27 had have VBD 7960 6872 28 opposed oppose VBN 7960 6872 29 Charlemagne Charlemagne NNP 7960 6872 30 so so RB 7960 6872 31 long long RB 7960 6872 32 and and CC 7960 6872 33 bitterly bitterly RB 7960 6872 34 . . . 7960 6873 1 Saxony Saxony NNP 7960 6873 2 was be VBD 7960 6873 3 one one CD 7960 6873 4 of of IN 7960 6873 5 the the DT 7960 6873 6 five five CD 7960 6873 7 great great JJ 7960 6873 8 territorial territorial JJ 7960 6873 9 states state NNS 7960 6873 10 , , , 7960 6873 11 or or CC 7960 6873 12 stem stem NN 7960 6873 13 - - HYPH 7960 6873 14 duchies duchy NNS 7960 6873 15 , , , 7960 6873 16 as as IN 7960 6873 17 they -PRON- PRP 7960 6873 18 are be VBP 7960 6873 19 usually usually RB 7960 6873 20 called call VBN 7960 6873 21 , , , 7960 6873 22 into into IN 7960 6873 23 which which WDT 7960 6873 24 Germany Germany NNP 7960 6873 25 was be VBD 7960 6873 26 then then RB 7960 6873 27 divided divide VBN 7960 6873 28 . . . 7960 6874 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 6874 2 19 19 CD 7960 6874 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 6874 4 Germany Germany NNP 7960 6874 5 at at IN 7960 6874 6 that that DT 7960 6874 7 time time NN 7960 6874 8 extended extend VBD 7960 6874 9 only only RB 7960 6874 10 as as IN 7960 6874 11 far far RB 7960 6874 12 east east RB 7960 6874 13 as as IN 7960 6874 14 the the DT 7960 6874 15 river river NN 7960 6874 16 Elbe Elbe NNP 7960 6874 17 , , , 7960 6874 18 beyond beyond IN 7960 6874 19 which which WDT 7960 6874 20 lay lie VBD 7960 6874 21 the the DT 7960 6874 22 territory territory NN 7960 6874 23 occupied occupy VBN 7960 6874 24 by by IN 7960 6874 25 half half JJ 7960 6874 26 - - HYPH 7960 6874 27 civilized civilized JJ 7960 6874 28 Slavic slavic JJ 7960 6874 29 tribes tribe NNS 7960 6874 30 . . . 7960 6875 1 ELECTIVE elective NN 7960 6875 2 KINGSHIP KINGSHIP NNP 7960 6875 3 OF of IN 7960 6875 4 GERMANY GERMANY NNP 7960 6875 5 The the DT 7960 6875 6 rulers ruler NNS 7960 6875 7 of of IN 7960 6875 8 the the DT 7960 6875 9 stem stem NN 7960 6875 10 - - HYPH 7960 6875 11 duchies duchy NNS 7960 6875 12 enjoyed enjoy VBD 7960 6875 13 practical practical JJ 7960 6875 14 independence independence NN 7960 6875 15 , , , 7960 6875 16 though though IN 7960 6875 17 they -PRON- PRP 7960 6875 18 had have VBD 7960 6875 19 recognized recognize VBN 7960 6875 20 some some DT 7960 6875 21 king king NN 7960 6875 22 of of IN 7960 6875 23 Germany Germany NNP 7960 6875 24 ever ever RB 7960 6875 25 since since IN 7960 6875 26 the the DT 7960 6875 27 Treaty Treaty NNP 7960 6875 28 of of IN 7960 6875 29 Verdun Verdun NNP 7960 6875 30 . . . 7960 6876 1 Early early RB 7960 6876 2 in in IN 7960 6876 3 the the DT 7960 6876 4 tenth tenth JJ 7960 6876 5 century century NN 7960 6876 6 the the DT 7960 6876 7 Carolingian carolingian JJ 7960 6876 8 dynasty dynasty NN 7960 6876 9 died die VBD 7960 6876 10 out out RP 7960 6876 11 in in IN 7960 6876 12 Germany Germany NNP 7960 6876 13 , , , 7960 6876 14 and and CC 7960 6876 15 the the DT 7960 6876 16 German german JJ 7960 6876 17 nobles noble NNS 7960 6876 18 then then RB 7960 6876 19 proceeded proceed VBD 7960 6876 20 to to TO 7960 6876 21 elect elect VB 7960 6876 22 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 6876 23 own own JJ 7960 6876 24 kings king NNS 7960 6876 25 . . . 7960 6877 1 Their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 6877 2 choice choice NN 7960 6877 3 fell fall VBD 7960 6877 4 first first RB 7960 6877 5 upon upon IN 7960 6877 6 Conrad Conrad NNP 7960 6877 7 , , , 7960 6877 8 duke duke NN 7960 6877 9 of of IN 7960 6877 10 Franconia Franconia NNP 7960 6877 11 , , , 7960 6877 12 but but CC 7960 6877 13 he -PRON- PRP 7960 6877 14 had have VBD 7960 6877 15 little little JJ 7960 6877 16 authority authority NN 7960 6877 17 outside outside IN 7960 6877 18 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 6877 19 own own JJ 7960 6877 20 duchy duchy NN 7960 6877 21 . . . 7960 6878 1 A a DT 7960 6878 2 stronger strong JJR 7960 6878 3 man man NN 7960 6878 4 was be VBD 7960 6878 5 required require VBN 7960 6878 6 to to TO 7960 6878 7 keep keep VB 7960 6878 8 the the DT 7960 6878 9 peace peace NN 7960 6878 10 among among IN 7960 6878 11 the the DT 7960 6878 12 turbulent turbulent JJ 7960 6878 13 nobles noble NNS 7960 6878 14 and and CC 7960 6878 15 to to TO 7960 6878 16 repel repel VB 7960 6878 17 the the DT 7960 6878 18 invaders invader NNS 7960 6878 19 of of IN 7960 6878 20 Germany Germany NNP 7960 6878 21 . . . 7960 6879 1 Such such PDT 7960 6879 2 a a DT 7960 6879 3 man man NN 7960 6879 4 appeared appear VBD 7960 6879 5 in in IN 7960 6879 6 the the DT 7960 6879 7 person person NN 7960 6879 8 of of IN 7960 6879 9 Henry Henry NNP 7960 6879 10 , , , 7960 6879 11 duke duke NN 7960 6879 12 of of IN 7960 6879 13 Saxony Saxony NNP 7960 6879 14 , , , 7960 6879 15 who who WP 7960 6879 16 , , , 7960 6879 17 after after IN 7960 6879 18 Conrad Conrad NNP 7960 6879 19 's 's POS 7960 6879 20 death death NN 7960 6879 21 , , , 7960 6879 22 was be VBD 7960 6879 23 chosen choose VBN 7960 6879 24 king king NN 7960 6879 25 . . . 7960 6880 1 REIGN reign NN 7960 6880 2 OF of IN 7960 6880 3 HENRY HENRY NNP 7960 6880 4 THE the DT 7960 6880 5 FOWLER FOWLER NNP 7960 6880 6 , , , 7960 6880 7 919 919 CD 7960 6880 8 - - SYM 7960 6880 9 936 936 CD 7960 6880 10 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 6880 11 Henry Henry NNP 7960 6880 12 I I NNP 7960 6880 13 , , , 7960 6880 14 called call VBD 7960 6880 15 the the DT 7960 6880 16 Fowler Fowler NNP 7960 6880 17 , , , 7960 6880 18 because because IN 7960 6880 19 he -PRON- PRP 7960 6880 20 was be VBD 7960 6880 21 fond fond JJ 7960 6880 22 of of IN 7960 6880 23 hunting hunt VBG 7960 6880 24 birds bird NNS 7960 6880 25 , , , 7960 6880 26 spent spend VBD 7960 6880 27 the the DT 7960 6880 28 greater great JJR 7960 6880 29 part part NN 7960 6880 30 of of IN 7960 6880 31 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 6880 32 reign reign NN 7960 6880 33 in in IN 7960 6880 34 wars war NNS 7960 6880 35 against against IN 7960 6880 36 the the DT 7960 6880 37 Slavs Slavs NNP 7960 6880 38 , , , 7960 6880 39 Magyars Magyars NNP 7960 6880 40 , , , 7960 6880 41 and and CC 7960 6880 42 other other JJ 7960 6880 43 invaders invader NNS 7960 6880 44 . . . 7960 6881 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 6881 2 conquered conquer VBD 7960 6881 3 from from IN 7960 6881 4 the the DT 7960 6881 5 Slavs Slavs NNP 7960 6881 6 the the DT 7960 6881 7 territory territory NN 7960 6881 8 afterwards afterwards RB 7960 6881 9 known know VBN 7960 6881 10 as as IN 7960 6881 11 Brandenburg Brandenburg NNP 7960 6881 12 . . . 7960 6882 1 This this DT 7960 6882 2 country country NN 7960 6882 3 was be VBD 7960 6882 4 to to TO 7960 6882 5 furnish furnish VB 7960 6882 6 Germany Germany NNP 7960 6882 7 , , , 7960 6882 8 in in IN 7960 6882 9 later later JJ 7960 6882 10 centuries century NNS 7960 6882 11 , , , 7960 6882 12 with with IN 7960 6882 13 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 6882 14 present present JJ 7960 6882 15 dynasty dynasty NN 7960 6882 16 -- -- : 7960 6882 17 the the DT 7960 6882 18 Hohenzollerns Hohenzollerns NNPS 7960 6882 19 . . . 7960 6883 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 6883 2 20 20 CD 7960 6883 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 6883 4 He -PRON- PRP 7960 6883 5 occupied occupy VBD 7960 6883 6 the the DT 7960 6883 7 southern southern JJ 7960 6883 8 part part NN 7960 6883 9 of of IN 7960 6883 10 Denmark Denmark NNP 7960 6883 11 ( ( -LRB- 7960 6883 12 Schleswig Schleswig NNP 7960 6883 13 ) ) -RRB- 7960 6883 14 and and CC 7960 6883 15 Christianized christianize VBD 7960 6883 16 it -PRON- PRP 7960 6883 17 . . . 7960 6884 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 6884 2 also also RB 7960 6884 3 recovered recover VBD 7960 6884 4 for for IN 7960 6884 5 Germany Germany NNP 7960 6884 6 Lorraine Lorraine NNP 7960 6884 7 , , , 7960 6884 8 a a DT 7960 6884 9 district district NN 7960 6884 10 which which WDT 7960 6884 11 remained remain VBD 7960 6884 12 in in IN 7960 6884 13 German german JJ 7960 6884 14 hands hand NNS 7960 6884 15 until until IN 7960 6884 16 the the DT 7960 6884 17 eighteenth eighteenth JJ 7960 6884 18 century century NN 7960 6884 19 . . . 7960 6885 1 REIGN reign NN 7960 6885 2 OF of IN 7960 6885 3 OTTO otto NN 7960 6885 4 THE the DT 7960 6885 5 GREAT great JJ 7960 6885 6 , , , 7960 6885 7 936 936 CD 7960 6885 8 - - SYM 7960 6885 9 973 973 CD 7960 6885 10 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 6885 11 Henry Henry NNP 7960 6885 12 the the DT 7960 6885 13 Fowler Fowler NNP 7960 6885 14 was be VBD 7960 6885 15 succeeded succeed VBN 7960 6885 16 by by IN 7960 6885 17 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 6885 18 son son NN 7960 6885 19 , , , 7960 6885 20 Otto Otto NNP 7960 6885 21 I I NNP 7960 6885 22 , , , 7960 6885 23 whom whom WP 7960 6885 24 history history NN 7960 6885 25 knows know VBZ 7960 6885 26 as as IN 7960 6885 27 Otto Otto NNP 7960 6885 28 the the DT 7960 6885 29 Great great JJ 7960 6885 30 . . . 7960 6886 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 6886 2 well well RB 7960 6886 3 deserved deserve VBD 7960 6886 4 the the DT 7960 6886 5 title title NN 7960 6886 6 . . . 7960 6887 1 Like like IN 7960 6887 2 Charlemagne Charlemagne NNP 7960 6887 3 , , , 7960 6887 4 Otto Otto NNP 7960 6887 5 presented present VBD 7960 6887 6 the the DT 7960 6887 7 aspect aspect NN 7960 6887 8 of of IN 7960 6887 9 a a DT 7960 6887 10 born bear VBN 7960 6887 11 ruler ruler NN 7960 6887 12 . . . 7960 6888 1 He -PRON- PRP 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A.D. NNP 7960 6895 28 ) ) -RRB- 7960 6895 29 . . . 7960 6896 1 These these DT 7960 6896 2 barbarians barbarian NNS 7960 6896 3 now now RB 7960 6896 4 ceased cease VBD 7960 6896 5 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 6896 6 raids raid NNS 7960 6896 7 and and CC 7960 6896 8 retired retire VBN 7960 6896 9 to to IN 7960 6896 10 the the DT 7960 6896 11 lands land NNS 7960 6896 12 on on IN 7960 6896 13 the the DT 7960 6896 14 middle middle JJ 7960 6896 15 Danube Danube NNP 7960 6896 16 which which WDT 7960 6896 17 they -PRON- PRP 7960 6896 18 had have VBD 7960 6896 19 seized seize VBN 7960 6896 20 from from IN 7960 6896 21 the the DT 7960 6896 22 Slavs Slavs NNP 7960 6896 23 . . . 7960 6897 1 Here here RB 7960 6897 2 they -PRON- PRP 7960 6897 3 settled settle VBD 7960 6897 4 down down RP 7960 6897 5 , , , 7960 6897 6 accepted accept VBN 7960 6897 7 Christianity Christianity NNP 7960 6897 8 from from IN 7960 6897 9 the the DT 7960 6897 10 Roman Roman NNP 7960 6897 11 Church Church NNP 7960 6897 12 , , , 7960 6897 13 and and CC 7960 6897 14 laid lay VBD 7960 6897 15 the the DT 7960 6897 16 foundations foundation NNS 7960 6897 17 of of IN 7960 6897 18 the the DT 7960 6897 19 kingdom kingdom NN 7960 6897 20 of of IN 7960 6897 21 Hungary Hungary NNP 7960 6897 22 . . . 7960 6898 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 6898 2 21 21 CD 7960 6898 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 6898 4 As as IN 7960 6898 5 a a DT 7960 6898 6 protection protection NN 7960 6898 7 against against IN 7960 6898 8 future future JJ 7960 6898 9 Magyar Magyar NNP 7960 6898 10 inroads inroad VBZ 7960 6898 11 Otto Otto NNP 7960 6898 12 established establish VBD 7960 6898 13 the the DT 7960 6898 14 East East NNP 7960 6898 15 Mark Mark NNP 7960 6898 16 . . . 7960 6899 1 This this DT 7960 6899 2 region region NN 7960 6899 3 afterwards afterwards RB 7960 6899 4 rose rise VBD 7960 6899 5 to to IN 7960 6899 6 great great JJ 7960 6899 7 importance importance NN 7960 6899 8 under under IN 7960 6899 9 the the DT 7960 6899 10 name name NN 7960 6899 11 of of IN 7960 6899 12 Austria Austria NNP 7960 6899 13 . . . 7960 6900 1 OTTO OTTO NNP 7960 6900 2 AND and CC 7960 6900 3 THE the DT 7960 6900 4 STEM stem JJ 7960 6900 5 - - HYPH 7960 6900 6 DUKES dukes NN 7960 6900 7 Otto Otto NNP 7960 6900 8 was be VBD 7960 6900 9 an an DT 7960 6900 10 excellent excellent JJ 7960 6900 11 ruler ruler NN 7960 6900 12 of of IN 7960 6900 13 Germany Germany NNP 7960 6900 14 . . . 7960 6901 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 6901 2 made make VBD 7960 6901 3 it -PRON- PRP 7960 6901 4 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 6901 5 business business NN 7960 6901 6 to to TO 7960 6901 7 strengthen strengthen VB 7960 6901 8 the the DT 7960 6901 9 royal royal JJ 7960 6901 10 authority authority NN 7960 6901 11 by by IN 7960 6901 12 weakening weaken VBG 7960 6901 13 that that DT 7960 6901 14 of of IN 7960 6901 15 the the DT 7960 6901 16 stem stem NN 7960 6901 17 - - HYPH 7960 6901 18 dukes duke NNS 7960 6901 19 . . . 7960 6902 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 6902 2 had have VBD 7960 6902 3 to to TO 7960 6902 4 fight fight VB 7960 6902 5 against against IN 7960 6902 6 them -PRON- PRP 7960 6902 7 on on IN 7960 6902 8 more more JJR 7960 6902 9 than than IN 7960 6902 10 one one CD 7960 6902 11 occasion occasion NN 7960 6902 12 , , , 7960 6902 13 for for IN 7960 6902 14 they -PRON- PRP 7960 6902 15 regarded regard VBD 7960 6902 16 themselves -PRON- PRP 7960 6902 17 almost almost RB 7960 6902 18 as as IN 7960 6902 19 independent independent JJ 7960 6902 20 kings king NNS 7960 6902 21 . . . 7960 6903 1 Otto Otto NNP 7960 6903 2 was be VBD 7960 6903 3 able able JJ 7960 6903 4 to to TO 7960 6903 5 keep keep VB 7960 6903 6 them -PRON- PRP 7960 6903 7 in in IN 7960 6903 8 check check NN 7960 6903 9 , , , 7960 6903 10 but but CC 7960 6903 11 the the DT 7960 6903 12 rulers ruler NNS 7960 6903 13 who who WP 7960 6903 14 followed follow VBD 7960 6903 15 him -PRON- PRP 7960 6903 16 were be VBD 7960 6903 17 less less RBR 7960 6903 18 successful successful JJ 7960 6903 19 in in IN 7960 6903 20 this this DT 7960 6903 21 respect respect NN 7960 6903 22 . . . 7960 6904 1 The the DT 7960 6904 2 struggle struggle NN 7960 6904 3 between between IN 7960 6904 4 the the DT 7960 6904 5 kings king NNS 7960 6904 6 and and CC 7960 6904 7 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 6904 8 powerful powerful JJ 7960 6904 9 nobles noble NNS 7960 6904 10 formed form VBD 7960 6904 11 a a DT 7960 6904 12 constant constant JJ 7960 6904 13 feature feature NN 7960 6904 14 of of IN 7960 6904 15 the the DT 7960 6904 16 medieval medieval JJ 7960 6904 17 history history NN 7960 6904 18 of of IN 7960 6904 19 Germany Germany NNP 7960 6904 20 . . . 7960 6905 1 110 110 CD 7960 6905 2 . . . 7960 6906 1 OTTO otto VB 7960 6906 2 THE the DT 7960 6906 3 GREAT great JJ 7960 6906 4 AND and CC 7960 6906 5 THE the DT 7960 6906 6 RESTORATION restoration NN 7960 6906 7 OF of IN 7960 6906 8 THE the DT 7960 6906 9 ROMAN ROMAN NNP 7960 6906 10 EMPIRE EMPIRE NNP 7960 6906 11 , , , 7960 6906 12 962 962 CD 7960 6906 13 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 6907 1 CONDITION CONDITION NNP 7960 6907 2 OF of IN 7960 6907 3 ITALY ITALY NNP 7960 6907 4 Otto Otto NNP 7960 6907 5 the the DT 7960 6907 6 Great Great NNP 7960 6907 7 is be VBZ 7960 6907 8 not not RB 7960 6907 9 to to TO 7960 6907 10 be be VB 7960 6907 11 remembered remember VBN 7960 6907 12 only only RB 7960 6907 13 as as IN 7960 6907 14 a a DT 7960 6907 15 German german JJ 7960 6907 16 king king NN 7960 6907 17 . . . 7960 6908 1 His -PRON- PRP$ 7960 6908 2 reign reign NN 7960 6908 3 was be VBD 7960 6908 4 also also RB 7960 6908 5 noteworthy noteworthy JJ 7960 6908 6 in in IN 7960 6908 7 the the DT 7960 6908 8 history history NN 7960 6908 9 of of IN 7960 6908 10 Italy Italy NNP 7960 6908 11 . . . 7960 6909 1 The the DT 7960 6909 2 country country NN 7960 6909 3 at at IN 7960 6909 4 this this DT 7960 6909 5 time time NN 7960 6909 6 was be VBD 7960 6909 7 hopelessly hopelessly RB 7960 6909 8 divided divide VBN 7960 6909 9 between between IN 7960 6909 10 rival rival NN 7960 6909 11 and and CC 7960 6909 12 contending contend VBG 7960 6909 13 peoples people NNS 7960 6909 14 . . . 7960 6910 1 The the DT 7960 6910 2 emperor emperor NN 7960 6910 3 at at IN 7960 6910 4 Constantinople Constantinople NNP 7960 6910 5 controlled control VBD 7960 6910 6 the the DT 7960 6910 7 southern southern JJ 7960 6910 8 extremity extremity NN 7960 6910 9 of of IN 7960 6910 10 the the DT 7960 6910 11 peninsula peninsula NN 7960 6910 12 . . . 7960 6911 1 The the DT 7960 6911 2 Mohammedans Mohammedans NNPS 7960 6911 3 held hold VBD 7960 6911 4 Sicily Sicily NNP 7960 6911 5 and and CC 7960 6911 6 some some DT 7960 6911 7 cities city NNS 7960 6911 8 on on IN 7960 6911 9 the the DT 7960 6911 10 mainland mainland NN 7960 6911 11 . . . 7960 6912 1 The the DT 7960 6912 2 pope pope NN 7960 6912 3 ruled rule VBD 7960 6912 4 at at IN 7960 6912 5 Rome Rome NNP 7960 6912 6 and and CC 7960 6912 7 in in IN 7960 6912 8 the the DT 7960 6912 9 States States NNP 7960 6912 10 of of IN 7960 6912 11 the the DT 7960 6912 12 Church Church NNP 7960 6912 13 . . . 7960 6913 1 A a DT 7960 6913 2 so so RB 7960 6913 3 - - HYPH 7960 6913 4 called call VBN 7960 6913 5 king king NN 7960 6913 6 of of IN 7960 6913 7 Italy Italy NNP 7960 6913 8 still still RB 7960 6913 9 reigned reign VBD 7960 6913 10 in in IN 7960 6913 11 Lombardy Lombardy NNP 7960 6913 12 , , , 7960 6913 13 but but CC 7960 6913 14 he -PRON- PRP 7960 6913 15 could could MD 7960 6913 16 not not RB 7960 6913 17 manage manage VB 7960 6913 18 the the DT 7960 6913 19 powerful powerful JJ 7960 6913 20 counts count NNS 7960 6913 21 , , , 7960 6913 22 dukes duke NNS 7960 6913 23 , , , 7960 6913 24 and and CC 7960 6913 25 marquises marquise NNS 7960 6913 26 , , , 7960 6913 27 who who WP 7960 6913 28 were be VBD 7960 6913 29 virtually virtually RB 7960 6913 30 independent independent JJ 7960 6913 31 within within IN 7960 6913 32 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 6913 33 own own JJ 7960 6913 34 domains domain NNS 7960 6913 35 . . . 7960 6914 1 Even even RB 7960 6914 2 the the DT 7960 6914 3 imperial imperial JJ 7960 6914 4 title title NN 7960 6914 5 died die VBD 7960 6914 6 out out RP 7960 6914 7 , , , 7960 6914 8 and and CC 7960 6914 9 now now RB 7960 6914 10 there there EX 7960 6914 11 was be VBD 7960 6914 12 no no RB 7960 6914 13 longer long RBR 7960 6914 14 a a DT 7960 6914 15 Roman roman JJ 7960 6914 16 emperor emperor NN 7960 6914 17 in in IN 7960 6914 18 the the DT 7960 6914 19 West West NNP 7960 6914 20 . . . 7960 6915 1 CORONATION coronation NN 7960 6915 2 OF of IN 7960 6915 3 OTTO OTTO NNP 7960 6915 4 THE the DT 7960 6915 5 GREAT GREAT NNP 7960 6915 6 , , , 7960 6915 7 962 962 CD 7960 6915 8 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 6916 1 The the DT 7960 6916 2 deplorable deplorable JJ 7960 6916 3 condition condition NN 7960 6916 4 of of IN 7960 6916 5 Italy Italy NNP 7960 6916 6 invited invite VBD 7960 6916 7 interference interference NN 7960 6916 8 from from IN 7960 6916 9 abroad abroad RB 7960 6916 10 . . . 7960 6917 1 Following follow VBG 7960 6917 2 in in IN 7960 6917 3 the the DT 7960 6917 4 footsteps footstep NNS 7960 6917 5 of of IN 7960 6917 6 Charlemagne Charlemagne NNP 7960 6917 7 , , , 7960 6917 8 Otto Otto NNP 7960 6917 9 the the DT 7960 6917 10 Great Great NNP 7960 6917 11 led lead VBD 7960 6917 12 two two CD 7960 6917 13 expeditions expedition NNS 7960 6917 14 across across IN 7960 6917 15 the the DT 7960 6917 16 Alps Alps NNP 7960 6917 17 , , , 7960 6917 18 assumed assume VBD 7960 6917 19 the the DT 7960 6917 20 " " `` 7960 6917 21 Iron Iron NNP 7960 6917 22 Crown Crown NNP 7960 6917 23 " " '' 7960 6917 24 [ [ -LRB- 7960 6917 25 22 22 CD 7960 6917 26 ] ] -RRB- 7960 6917 27 of of IN 7960 6917 28 Lombardy Lombardy NNP 7960 6917 29 , , , 7960 6917 30 and and CC 7960 6917 31 then then RB 7960 6917 32 proceeded proceed VBD 7960 6917 33 to to IN 7960 6917 34 Rome Rome NNP 7960 6917 35 , , , 7960 6917 36 where where WRB 7960 6917 37 he -PRON- PRP 7960 6917 38 secured secure VBD 7960 6917 39 the the DT 7960 6917 40 pope pope NN 7960 6917 41 ( ( -LRB- 7960 6917 42 John John NNP 7960 6917 43 XII XII NNP 7960 6917 44 ) ) -RRB- 7960 6917 45 against against IN 7960 6917 46 the the DT 7960 6917 47 latter latter NN 7960 6917 48 's 's POS 7960 6917 49 enemies enemy NNS 7960 6917 50 in in IN 7960 6917 51 that that DT 7960 6917 52 city city NN 7960 6917 53 . . . 7960 6918 1 Otto Otto NNP 7960 6918 2 's 's POS 7960 6918 3 reward reward NN 7960 6918 4 was be VBD 7960 6918 5 the the DT 7960 6918 6 same same JJ 7960 6918 7 as as IN 7960 6918 8 Charlemagne Charlemagne NNP 7960 6918 9 's 's POS 7960 6918 10 . . . 7960 6919 1 On on IN 7960 6919 2 Candlemas Candlemas NNP 7960 6919 3 Day Day NNP 7960 6919 4 , , , 7960 6919 5 ( ( -LRB- 7960 6919 6 February February NNP 7960 6919 7 2d 2d NNP 7960 6919 8 ) ) -RRB- 7960 6919 9 962 962 CD 7960 6919 10 A.D. a.d. NN 7960 6919 11 , , , 7960 6919 12 the the DT 7960 6919 13 grateful grateful JJ 7960 6919 14 pope pope NNP 7960 6919 15 crowned crown VBD 7960 6919 16 him -PRON- PRP 7960 6919 17 Roman roman JJ 7960 6919 18 emperor emperor NN 7960 6919 19 . . . 7960 6920 1 MEANING meaning NN 7960 6920 2 OF of IN 7960 6920 3 THE the DT 7960 6920 4 CORONATION coronation NN 7960 6920 5 The the DT 7960 6920 6 coronation coronation NN 7960 6920 7 of of IN 7960 6920 8 Otto Otto NNP 7960 6920 9 the the DT 7960 6920 10 Great Great NNP 7960 6920 11 seemed seem VBD 7960 6920 12 to to IN 7960 6920 13 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 6920 14 contemporaries contemporary NNS 7960 6920 15 a a DT 7960 6920 16 necessary necessary JJ 7960 6920 17 and and CC 7960 6920 18 beneficial beneficial JJ 7960 6920 19 act act NN 7960 6920 20 . . . 7960 6921 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 6921 2 still still RB 7960 6921 3 believed believe VBD 7960 6921 4 that that IN 7960 6921 5 the the DT 7960 6921 6 Roman Roman NNP 7960 6921 7 Empire Empire NNP 7960 6921 8 was be VBD 7960 6921 9 suspended suspend VBN 7960 6921 10 , , , 7960 6921 11 not not RB 7960 6921 12 extinct extinct JJ 7960 6921 13 ; ; : 7960 6921 14 and and CC 7960 6921 15 that that IN 7960 6921 16 now now RB 7960 6921 17 , , , 7960 6921 18 one one CD 7960 6921 19 hundred hundred CD 7960 6921 20 and and CC 7960 6921 21 fifty fifty CD 7960 6921 22 years year NNS 7960 6921 23 after after IN 7960 6921 24 Charlemagne Charlemagne NNP 7960 6921 25 , , , 7960 6921 26 the the DT 7960 6921 27 occasion occasion NN 7960 6921 28 was be VBD 7960 6921 29 opportune opportune JJ 7960 6921 30 to to TO 7960 6921 31 revive revive VB 7960 6921 32 the the DT 7960 6921 33 name name NN 7960 6921 34 and and CC 7960 6921 35 power power NN 7960 6921 36 associated associate VBN 7960 6921 37 with with IN 7960 6921 38 the the DT 7960 6921 39 golden golden JJ 7960 6921 40 age age NN 7960 6921 41 of of IN 7960 6921 42 the the DT 7960 6921 43 first first JJ 7960 6921 44 Frankish frankish JJ 7960 6921 45 emperor emperor NN 7960 6921 46 . . . 7960 6922 1 Otto Otto NNP 7960 6922 2 's 's POS 7960 6922 3 ardent ardent JJ 7960 6922 4 spirit spirit NN 7960 6922 5 , , , 7960 6922 6 one one PRP 7960 6922 7 may may MD 7960 6922 8 well well RB 7960 6922 9 believe believe VB 7960 6922 10 , , , 7960 6922 11 was be VBD 7960 6922 12 fired fire VBN 7960 6922 13 with with IN 7960 6922 14 this this DT 7960 6922 15 vision vision NN 7960 6922 16 of of IN 7960 6922 17 imperial imperial JJ 7960 6922 18 sway sway NN 7960 6922 19 and and CC 7960 6922 20 the the DT 7960 6922 21 renewal renewal NN 7960 6922 22 of of IN 7960 6922 23 a a DT 7960 6922 24 title title NN 7960 6922 25 around around IN 7960 6922 26 which which WDT 7960 6922 27 clustered cluster VBD 7960 6922 28 so so RB 7960 6922 29 many many JJ 7960 6922 30 memories memory NNS 7960 6922 31 of of IN 7960 6922 32 success success NN 7960 6922 33 and and CC 7960 6922 34 glory glory NN 7960 6922 35 . . . 7960 6923 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 6923 2 Illustration illustration NN 7960 6923 3 : : : 7960 6923 4 Map Map NNP 7960 6923 5 , , , 7960 6923 6 EUROPE EUROPE NNP 7960 6923 7 IN in IN 7960 6923 8 THE the DT 7960 6923 9 AGE AGE NNP 7960 6923 10 OF of IN 7960 6923 11 OTTO OTTO NNP 7960 6923 12 THE the DT 7960 6923 13 GREAT GREAT NNP 7960 6923 14 , , , 7960 6923 15 962 962 CD 7960 6923 16 A.D. 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idea NN 7960 6930 7 of of IN 7960 6930 8 a a DT 7960 6930 9 world world NN 7960 6930 10 monarchy monarchy NN 7960 6930 11 -- -- : 7960 6930 12 the the DT 7960 6930 13 Roman Roman NNP 7960 6930 14 Empire Empire NNP 7960 6930 15 -- -- : 7960 6930 16 and and CC 7960 6930 17 a a DT 7960 6930 18 world world NN 7960 6930 19 religion religion NN 7960 6930 20 -- -- : 7960 6930 21 Roman Roman NNP 7960 6930 22 Christianity Christianity NNP 7960 6930 23 -- -- : 7960 6930 24 united united JJ 7960 6930 25 in in IN 7960 6930 26 one one CD 7960 6930 27 institution institution NN 7960 6930 28 . . . 7960 6931 1 This this DT 7960 6931 2 magnificent magnificent JJ 7960 6931 3 idea idea NN 7960 6931 4 was be VBD 7960 6931 5 never never RB 7960 6931 6 fully fully RB 7960 6931 7 realized realize VBN 7960 6931 8 . . . 7960 6932 1 The the DT 7960 6932 2 popes pope NNS 7960 6932 3 and and CC 7960 6932 4 emperors emperor NNS 7960 6932 5 , , , 7960 6932 6 instead instead RB 7960 6932 7 of of IN 7960 6932 8 being 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A.D. NNP 7960 6935 12 ANGLO anglo RB 7960 6935 13 - - HYPH 7960 6935 14 SAXON SAXON VBN 7960 6935 15 CONQUEST conquest NN 7960 6935 16 OF of IN 7960 6935 17 BRITAIN BRITAIN NNP 7960 6935 18 From from IN 7960 6935 19 the the DT 7960 6935 20 history history NN 7960 6935 21 of of IN 7960 6935 22 Continental Continental NNP 7960 6935 23 Europe Europe NNP 7960 6935 24 we -PRON- PRP 7960 6935 25 now now RB 7960 6935 26 turn turn VBP 7960 6935 27 to to IN 7960 6935 28 the the DT 7960 6935 29 history history NN 7960 6935 30 of of IN 7960 6935 31 Britain Britain NNP 7960 6935 32 . . . 7960 6936 1 That that DT 7960 6936 2 island island NN 7960 6936 3 had have VBD 7960 6936 4 been be VBN 7960 6936 5 overrun overrun NN 7960 6936 6 by by IN 7960 6936 7 the the DT 7960 6936 8 Germanic germanic JJ 7960 6936 9 barbarians barbarian NNS 7960 6936 10 after after IN 7960 6936 11 the the DT 7960 6936 12 middle middle NN 7960 6936 13 of of IN 7960 6936 14 the the DT 7960 6936 15 fifth fifth JJ 7960 6936 16 century century NN 7960 6936 17 . . . 7960 6937 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 6937 2 24 24 CD 7960 6937 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 6937 4 They -PRON- PRP 7960 6937 5 are be VBP 7960 6937 6 commonly commonly RB 7960 6937 7 known know VBN 7960 6937 8 as as IN 7960 6937 9 Anglo Anglo NNP 7960 6937 10 - 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7960 6964 20 of of IN 7960 6964 21 her -PRON- PRP$ 7960 6964 22 civilization civilization NN 7960 6964 23 . . . 7960 6965 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 6965 2 Illustration illustration NN 7960 6965 3 : : : 7960 6965 4 Map Map NNP 7960 6965 5 , , , 7960 6965 6 ANGLO ANGLO NNP 7960 6965 7 - - HYPH 7960 6965 8 SAXON SAXON NNP 7960 6965 9 BRITAIN BRITAIN NNP 7960 6965 10 ] ] -RRB- 7960 6965 11 112 112 CD 7960 6965 12 . . . 7960 6966 1 CHRISTIANITY CHRISTIANITY NNP 7960 6966 2 IN in IN 7960 6966 3 THE the DT 7960 6966 4 BRITISH BRITISH NNS 7960 6966 5 ISLES isle NNS 7960 6966 6 PREPARATION PREPARATION NNS 7960 6966 7 FOR for IN 7960 6966 8 CHRISTIANITY CHRISTIANITY NNP 7960 6966 9 The the DT 7960 6966 10 Anglo Anglo NNP 7960 6966 11 - - HYPH 7960 6966 12 Saxons Saxons NNPS 7960 6966 13 also also RB 7960 6966 14 brought bring VBD 7960 6966 15 to to IN 7960 6966 16 Britain Britain NNP 7960 6966 17 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 6966 18 heathen heathen NNP 7960 6966 19 faith faith NN 7960 6966 20 . . . 7960 6967 1 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A.D. 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IN 7960 7054 14 the the DT 7960 7054 15 alliance alliance NN 7960 7054 16 between between IN 7960 7054 17 the the DT 7960 7054 18 Franks Franks NNP 7960 7054 19 and and CC 7960 7054 20 the the DT 7960 7054 21 popes pope NNS 7960 7054 22 ? ? . 7960 7055 1 11 11 CD 7960 7055 2 . . . 7960 7056 1 What what WDT 7960 7056 2 provinces province NNS 7960 7056 3 of of IN 7960 7056 4 the the DT 7960 7056 5 Roman Roman NNP 7960 7056 6 Empire Empire NNP 7960 7056 7 in in IN 7960 7056 8 the the DT 7960 7056 9 West West NNP 7960 7056 10 were be VBD 7960 7056 11 not not RB 7960 7056 12 included include VBN 7960 7056 13 within within IN 7960 7056 14 the the DT 7960 7056 15 limits limit NNS 7960 7056 16 of of IN 7960 7056 17 Charlemagne Charlemagne NNP 7960 7056 18 's 's POS 7960 7056 19 empire empire NN 7960 7056 20 ? ? . 7960 7057 1 12 12 CD 7960 7057 2 . . . 7960 7058 1 What what WDT 7960 7058 2 countries country NNS 7960 7058 3 of of IN 7960 7058 4 modern modern JJ 7960 7058 5 Europe Europe NNP 7960 7058 6 are be VBP 7960 7058 7 included include VBN 7960 7058 8 within within IN 7960 7058 9 the the DT 7960 7058 10 limits limit NNS 7960 7058 11 of of IN 7960 7058 12 Charlemagne Charlemagne NNP 7960 7058 13 's 's POS 7960 7058 14 empire empire NN 7960 7058 15 ? ? . 7960 7059 1 13 13 CD 7960 7059 2 . . . 7960 7060 1 Compare compare VB 7960 7060 2 the the DT 7960 7060 3 _ _ NNP 7960 7060 4 missi missi NN 7960 7060 5 dominici dominici VBD 7960 7060 6 _ _ NNP 7960 7060 7 with with IN 7960 7060 8 the the DT 7960 7060 9 " " `` 7960 7060 10 eyes eye NNS 7960 7060 11 and and CC 7960 7060 12 ears ear NNS 7960 7060 13 " " '' 7960 7060 14 of of IN 7960 7060 15 Persian persian JJ 7960 7060 16 kings king NNS 7960 7060 17 . . . 7960 7061 1 14 14 CD 7960 7061 2 . . . 7960 7062 1 What what WP 7960 7062 2 is be VBZ 7960 7062 3 the the DT 7960 7062 4 origin origin NN 7960 7062 5 of of IN 7960 7062 6 the the DT 7960 7062 7 word word NN 7960 7062 8 " " `` 7960 7062 9 emperor emperor NN 7960 7062 10 " " '' 7960 7062 11 ? ? . 7960 7063 1 As as IN 7960 7063 2 a a DT 7960 7063 3 title title NN 7960 7063 4 distinguish distinguish VB 7960 7063 5 it -PRON- PRP 7960 7063 6 from from IN 7960 7063 7 that that DT 7960 7063 8 of of IN 7960 7063 9 " " `` 7960 7063 10 king king NN 7960 7063 11 . . . 7960 7063 12 " " '' 7960 7064 1 15 15 CD 7960 7064 2 . . . 7960 7065 1 Why why WRB 7960 7065 2 has have VBZ 7960 7065 3 Lothair Lothair NNP 7960 7065 4 's 's POS 7960 7065 5 kingdom kingdom NN 7960 7065 6 north north RB 7960 7065 7 of of IN 7960 7065 8 the the DT 7960 7065 9 Alps Alps NNPS 7960 7065 10 been be VBN 7960 7065 11 called call VBN 7960 7065 12 the the DT 7960 7065 13 " " `` 7960 7065 14 strip strip NN 7960 7065 15 of of IN 7960 7065 16 trouble trouble NN 7960 7065 17 " " '' 7960 7065 18 ? ? . 7960 7066 1 16 16 CD 7960 7066 2 . . . 7960 7067 1 In in IN 7960 7067 2 what what WP 7960 7067 3 parts part NNS 7960 7067 4 of of IN 7960 7067 5 the the DT 7960 7067 6 British british JJ 7960 7067 7 Isles Isles NNPS 7960 7067 8 are be VBP 7960 7067 9 Celtic celtic JJ 7960 7067 10 languages language NNS 7960 7067 11 still still RB 7960 7067 12 spoken speak VBN 7960 7067 13 ? ? . 7960 7068 1 17 17 CD 7960 7068 2 . . . 7960 7069 1 How how WRB 7960 7069 2 did do VBD 7960 7069 3 the the DT 7960 7069 4 four four CD 7960 7069 5 English english JJ 7960 7069 6 counties county NNS 7960 7069 7 , , , 7960 7069 8 Sussex Sussex NNP 7960 7069 9 , , , 7960 7069 10 Essex Essex NNP 7960 7069 11 , , , 7960 7069 12 Norfolk Norfolk NNP 7960 7069 13 , , , 7960 7069 14 and and CC 7960 7069 15 Suffolk Suffolk NNP 7960 7069 16 , , , 7960 7069 17 receive receive VBP 7960 7069 18 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7069 19 names name NNS 7960 7069 20 ? ? . 7960 7070 1 18 18 CD 7960 7070 2 . . . 7960 7071 1 What what WP 7960 7071 2 was be VBD 7960 7071 3 the the DT 7960 7071 4 importance importance NN 7960 7071 5 of of IN 7960 7071 6 the the DT 7960 7071 7 Synod Synod NNP 7960 7071 8 of of IN 7960 7071 9 Whitby Whitby NNP 7960 7071 10 ? ? . 7960 7072 1 19 19 CD 7960 7072 2 . . . 7960 7073 1 Set Set VBN 7960 7073 2 forth forth RB 7960 7073 3 the the DT 7960 7073 4 conditions condition NNS 7960 7073 5 which which WDT 7960 7073 6 hindered hinder VBD 7960 7073 7 , , , 7960 7073 8 and and CC 7960 7073 9 those those DT 7960 7073 10 which which WDT 7960 7073 11 favored favor VBD 7960 7073 12 , , , 7960 7073 13 the the DT 7960 7073 14 fusion fusion NN 7960 7073 15 of of IN 7960 7073 16 Germans Germans NNPS 7960 7073 17 and and CC 7960 7073 18 Romans Romans NNPS 7960 7073 19 . . . 7960 7074 1 FOOTNOTES FOOTNOTES NNP 7960 7074 2 [ [ -LRB- 7960 7074 3 1 1 CD 7960 7074 4 ] ] -RRB- 7960 7074 5 Webster Webster NNP 7960 7074 6 , , , 7960 7074 7 _ _ NNP 7960 7074 8 Readings Readings NNP 7960 7074 9 in in IN 7960 7074 10 Medieval Medieval NNP 7960 7074 11 and and CC 7960 7074 12 Modern Modern NNP 7960 7074 13 History History NNP 7960 7074 14 _ _ NNP 7960 7074 15 , , , 7960 7074 16 chapter chapter NN 7960 7074 17 i i PRP 7960 7074 18 , , , 7960 7074 19 " " `` 7960 7074 20 Stories story NNS 7960 7074 21 of of IN 7960 7074 22 the the DT 7960 7074 23 Lombard Lombard NNP 7960 7074 24 Kings Kings NNPS 7960 7074 25 " " '' 7960 7074 26 ; ; : 7960 7074 27 chapter chapter NN 7960 7074 28 ii ii NNP 7960 7074 29 , , , 7960 7074 30 " " `` 7960 7074 31 Charlemagne Charlemagne NNP 7960 7074 32 . . . 7960 7074 33 " " '' 7960 7075 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 7075 2 2 2 LS 7960 7075 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 7075 4 See see VB 7960 7075 5 page page NN 7960 7075 6 236 236 CD 7960 7075 7 . . . 7960 7076 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 7076 2 3 3 LS 7960 7076 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 7076 4 See see VB 7960 7076 5 page page NN 7960 7076 6 236 236 CD 7960 7076 7 . . . 7960 7077 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 7077 2 4 4 LS 7960 7077 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 7077 4 See see VB 7960 7077 5 page page NN 7960 7077 6 309 309 CD 7960 7077 7 . . . 7960 7078 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 7078 2 5 5 LS 7960 7078 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 7078 4 The the DT 7960 7078 5 modern modern JJ 7960 7078 6 kingdom kingdom NN 7960 7078 7 of of IN 7960 7078 8 Italy Italy NNP 7960 7078 9 dates date VBZ 7960 7078 10 from from IN 7960 7078 11 1861 1861 CD 7960 7078 12 - - SYM 7960 7078 13 1870 1870 CD 7960 7078 14 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 7078 15 [ [ -LRB- 7960 7078 16 6 6 CD 7960 7078 17 ] ] -RRB- 7960 7078 18 See see VB 7960 7078 19 page page NN 7960 7078 20 245 245 CD 7960 7078 21 . . . 7960 7079 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 7079 2 7 7 LS 7960 7079 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 7079 4 His -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7079 5 name name NN 7960 7079 6 is be VBZ 7960 7079 7 properly properly RB 7960 7079 8 spelled spell VBN 7960 7079 9 Chlodweg Chlodweg NNP 7960 7079 10 , , , 7960 7079 11 which which WDT 7960 7079 12 later later RB 7960 7079 13 became become VBD 7960 7079 14 Ludwig Ludwig NNP 7960 7079 15 , , , 7960 7079 16 and and CC 7960 7079 17 in in IN 7960 7079 18 French French NNP 7960 7079 19 , , , 7960 7079 20 Louis Louis NNP 7960 7079 21 . . . 7960 7080 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 7080 2 8 8 CD 7960 7080 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 7080 4 _ _ NNP 7960 7080 5 Allemagne Allemagne NNP 7960 7080 6 _ _ NNP 7960 7080 7 . . . 7960 7081 1 On on IN 7960 7081 2 the the DT 7960 7081 3 other other JJ 7960 7081 4 hand hand NN 7960 7081 5 , , , 7960 7081 6 the the DT 7960 7081 7 inhabitants inhabitant NNS 7960 7081 8 of of IN 7960 7081 9 Gaul Gaul NNP 7960 7081 10 came come VBD 7960 7081 11 to to TO 7960 7081 12 call call VB 7960 7081 13 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7081 14 country country NN 7960 7081 15 _ _ NNP 7960 7081 16 France France NNP 7960 7081 17 _ _ NNP 7960 7081 18 and and CC 7960 7081 19 themselves -PRON- PRP 7960 7081 20 _ _ NNP 7960 7081 21 Français Français NNP 7960 7081 22 _ _ NNP 7960 7081 23 after after IN 7960 7081 24 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7081 25 conquerors conqueror NNS 7960 7081 26 , , , 7960 7081 27 the the DT 7960 7081 28 Germanic Germanic NNP 7960 7081 29 Franks Franks NNP 7960 7081 30 . . . 7960 7082 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 7082 2 9 9 CD 7960 7082 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 7082 4 Gregory gregory NN 7960 7082 5 of of IN 7960 7082 6 Tours Tours NNPS 7960 7082 7 , , , 7960 7082 8 _ _ NNP 7960 7082 9 Historia Historia NNP 7960 7082 10 Francorum Francorum NNP 7960 7082 11 _ _ NNP 7960 7082 12 , , , 7960 7082 13 ii ii NNP 7960 7082 14 , , , 7960 7082 15 31 31 CD 7960 7082 16 . . . 7960 7083 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 7083 2 10 10 CD 7960 7083 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 7083 4 From from IN 7960 7083 5 Merovech Merovech NNP 7960 7083 6 , , , 7960 7083 7 grandfather grandfather NN 7960 7083 8 of of IN 7960 7083 9 Clovis Clovis NNP 7960 7083 10 . . . 7960 7084 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 7084 2 11 11 CD 7960 7084 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 7084 4 See see VB 7960 7084 5 page page NN 7960 7084 6 379 379 CD 7960 7084 7 . . . 7960 7085 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 7085 2 12 12 CD 7960 7085 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 7085 4 So so RB 7960 7085 5 called call VBN 7960 7085 6 from from IN 7960 7085 7 Pepin Pepin NNP 7960 7085 8 's 's POS 7960 7085 9 son son NN 7960 7085 10 , , , 7960 7085 11 Charles Charles NNP 7960 7085 12 the the DT 7960 7085 13 Great great JJ 7960 7085 14 ( ( -LRB- 7960 7085 15 in in IN 7960 7085 16 Latin Latin NNP 7960 7085 17 , , , 7960 7085 18 _ _ NNP 7960 7085 19 Carolus Carolus NNP 7960 7085 20 Magnus Magnus NNP 7960 7085 21 _ _ NNP 7960 7085 22 ) ) -RRB- 7960 7085 23 . . . 7960 7086 1 The the DT 7960 7086 2 French french JJ 7960 7086 3 form form NN 7960 7086 4 of of IN 7960 7086 5 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7086 6 name name NN 7960 7086 7 is be VBZ 7960 7086 8 Charlemagne Charlemagne NNP 7960 7086 9 . . . 7960 7087 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 7087 2 13 13 CD 7960 7087 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 7087 4 In in IN 7960 7087 5 1870 1870 CD 7960 7087 6 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 7087 7 the the DT 7960 7087 8 States States NNP 7960 7087 9 of of IN 7960 7087 10 the the DT 7960 7087 11 Church Church NNP 7960 7087 12 were be VBD 7960 7087 13 added add VBN 7960 7087 14 to to IN 7960 7087 15 the the DT 7960 7087 16 newly newly RB 7960 7087 17 formed form VBN 7960 7087 18 kingdom kingdom NN 7960 7087 19 of of IN 7960 7087 20 Italy Italy NNP 7960 7087 21 . . . 7960 7088 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 7088 2 14 14 CD 7960 7088 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 7088 4 Einhard Einhard NNP 7960 7088 5 , , , 7960 7088 6 _ _ NNP 7960 7088 7 Vita Vita NNP 7960 7088 8 Caroli Caroli NNP 7960 7088 9 Magni Magni NNP 7960 7088 10 _ _ NNP 7960 7088 11 , , , 7960 7088 12 25 25 CD 7960 7088 13 . . . 7960 7089 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 7089 2 15 15 CD 7960 7089 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 7089 4 The the DT 7960 7089 5 rearguard rearguard NN 7960 7089 6 of of IN 7960 7089 7 Charlemagne Charlemagne NNP 7960 7089 8 's 's POS 7960 7089 9 army army NN 7960 7089 10 , , , 7960 7089 11 when when WRB 7960 7089 12 returning return VBG 7960 7089 13 from from IN 7960 7089 14 Spain Spain NNP 7960 7089 15 , , , 7960 7089 16 was be VBD 7960 7089 17 attacked attack VBN 7960 7089 18 and and CC 7960 7089 19 overwhelmed overwhelm VBN 7960 7089 20 by by IN 7960 7089 21 the the DT 7960 7089 22 mountaineers mountaineer NNS 7960 7089 23 of of IN 7960 7089 24 the the DT 7960 7089 25 Pyrenees Pyrenees NNPS 7960 7089 26 . . . 7960 7090 1 The the DT 7960 7090 2 incident incident NN 7960 7090 3 gave give VBD 7960 7090 4 rise rise NN 7960 7090 5 to to IN 7960 7090 6 the the DT 7960 7090 7 famous famous JJ 7960 7090 8 French french JJ 7960 7090 9 epic epic NN 7960 7090 10 known know VBN 7960 7090 11 as as IN 7960 7090 12 the the DT 7960 7090 13 _ _ NNP 7960 7090 14 Song Song NNP 7960 7090 15 of of IN 7960 7090 16 Roland Roland NNP 7960 7090 17 _ _ NNP 7960 7090 18 . . . 7960 7091 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 7091 2 16 16 CD 7960 7091 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 7091 4 The the DT 7960 7091 5 title title NN 7960 7091 6 of of IN 7960 7091 7 " " `` 7960 7091 8 Holy Holy NNP 7960 7091 9 Roman Roman NNP 7960 7091 10 Emperor Emperor NNP 7960 7091 11 , , , 7960 7091 12 " " '' 7960 7091 13 assumed assume VBN 7960 7091 14 by by IN 7960 7091 15 the the DT 7960 7091 16 later later JJ 7960 7091 17 successors successor NNS 7960 7091 18 of of IN 7960 7091 19 Charlemagne Charlemagne NNP 7960 7091 20 , , , 7960 7091 21 was be VBD 7960 7091 22 kept keep VBN 7960 7091 23 by by IN 7960 7091 24 them -PRON- PRP 7960 7091 25 till till IN 7960 7091 26 1806 1806 CD 7960 7091 27 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 7091 28 [ [ -LRB- 7960 7091 29 17 17 CD 7960 7091 30 ] ] -RRB- 7960 7091 31 The the DT 7960 7091 32 French french JJ 7960 7091 33 name name NN 7960 7091 34 Lorraine Lorraine NNP 7960 7091 35 and and CC 7960 7091 36 the the DT 7960 7091 37 German german JJ 7960 7091 38 name name NN 7960 7091 39 Lothringen Lothringen NNP 7960 7091 40 are be VBP 7960 7091 41 both both DT 7960 7091 42 derived derive VBN 7960 7091 43 from from IN 7960 7091 44 the the DT 7960 7091 45 Latin Latin NNP 7960 7091 46 title title NN 7960 7091 47 of of IN 7960 7091 48 Lothair Lothair NNP 7960 7091 49 's 's POS 7960 7091 50 kingdom--_Lotharii kingdom--_Lotharii NNP 7960 7091 51 regnum regnum NN 7960 7091 52 _ _ NNP 7960 7091 53 . . . 7960 7092 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 7092 2 18 18 CD 7960 7092 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 7092 4 See see VB 7960 7092 5 page page NN 7960 7092 6 306 306 CD 7960 7092 7 . . . 7960 7093 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 7093 2 19 19 CD 7960 7093 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 7093 4 The the DT 7960 7093 5 others other NNS 7960 7093 6 were be VBD 7960 7093 7 Franconia Franconia NNP 7960 7093 8 , , , 7960 7093 9 Swabia Swabia NNP 7960 7093 10 , , , 7960 7093 11 Bavaria Bavaria NNP 7960 7093 12 , , , 7960 7093 13 and and CC 7960 7093 14 Lorraine Lorraine NNP 7960 7093 15 . . . 7960 7094 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 7094 2 20 20 CD 7960 7094 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 7094 4 The the DT 7960 7094 5 Hohenzollerns Hohenzollerns NNPS 7960 7094 6 became become VBD 7960 7094 7 electors elector NNS 7960 7094 8 of of IN 7960 7094 9 Brandenburg Brandenburg NNP 7960 7094 10 in in IN 7960 7094 11 1415 1415 CD 7960 7094 12 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 7094 13 , , , 7960 7094 14 kings king NNS 7960 7094 15 of of IN 7960 7094 16 Prussia Prussia NNP 7960 7094 17 in in IN 7960 7094 18 1701 1701 CD 7960 7094 19 , , , 7960 7094 20 and and CC 7960 7094 21 emperors emperor NNS 7960 7094 22 of of IN 7960 7094 23 Germany Germany NNP 7960 7094 24 in in IN 7960 7094 25 1871 1871 CD 7960 7094 26 . . . 7960 7095 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 7095 2 21 21 CD 7960 7095 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 7095 4 The the DT 7960 7095 5 Magyar Magyar NNP 7960 7095 6 settlement settlement NN 7960 7095 7 in in IN 7960 7095 8 central central JJ 7960 7095 9 Europe Europe NNP 7960 7095 10 had have VBD 7960 7095 11 the the DT 7960 7095 12 important important JJ 7960 7095 13 result result NN 7960 7095 14 of of IN 7960 7095 15 dividing divide VBG 7960 7095 16 the the DT 7960 7095 17 Slavic slavic JJ 7960 7095 18 peoples people NNS 7960 7095 19 into into IN 7960 7095 20 three three CD 7960 7095 21 groups group NNS 7960 7095 22 . . . 7960 7096 1 Those those DT 7960 7096 2 who who WP 7960 7096 3 remained remain VBD 7960 7096 4 south south RB 7960 7096 5 of of IN 7960 7096 6 the the DT 7960 7096 7 Danube Danube NNP 7960 7096 8 ( ( -LRB- 7960 7096 9 Serbians Serbians NNPS 7960 7096 10 , , , 7960 7096 11 Croatians Croatians NNPS 7960 7096 12 , , , 7960 7096 13 etc etc FW 7960 7096 14 . . . 7960 7096 15 ) ) -RRB- 7960 7097 1 were be VBD 7960 7097 2 henceforth henceforth RB 7960 7097 3 separated separate VBN 7960 7097 4 from from IN 7960 7097 5 the the DT 7960 7097 6 northwestern northwestern JJ 7960 7097 7 Slavs Slavs NNP 7960 7097 8 ( ( -LRB- 7960 7097 9 Bohemians Bohemians NNPS 7960 7097 10 , , , 7960 7097 11 Moravians Moravians NNPS 7960 7097 12 , , , 7960 7097 13 and and CC 7960 7097 14 Poles Poles NNPS 7960 7097 15 ) ) -RRB- 7960 7097 16 and and CC 7960 7097 17 from from IN 7960 7097 18 the the DT 7960 7097 19 eastern eastern JJ 7960 7097 20 Slavs Slavs NNP 7960 7097 21 ( ( -LRB- 7960 7097 22 Russians Russians NNPS 7960 7097 23 ) ) -RRB- 7960 7097 24 . . . 7960 7098 1 See see VB 7960 7098 2 the the DT 7960 7098 3 map map NN 7960 7098 4 facing face VBG 7960 7098 5 page page NN 7960 7098 6 326 326 CD 7960 7098 7 . . . 7960 7099 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 7099 2 22 22 CD 7960 7099 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 7099 4 See see VB 7960 7099 5 the the DT 7960 7099 6 Illustration Illustration NNP 7960 7099 7 , , , 7960 7099 8 page page NN 7960 7099 9 308 308 CD 7960 7099 10 . . . 7960 7100 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 7100 2 23 23 CD 7960 7100 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 7100 4 See see VB 7960 7100 5 pages page NNS 7960 7100 6 455 455 CD 7960 7100 7 - - SYM 7960 7100 8 463 463 CD 7960 7100 9 . . . 7960 7101 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 7101 2 24 24 CD 7960 7101 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 7101 4 See see VB 7960 7101 5 page page NN 7960 7101 6 246 246 CD 7960 7101 7 . . . 7960 7102 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 7102 2 25 25 CD 7960 7102 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 7102 4 See see VB 7960 7102 5 page page NN 7960 7102 6 208 208 CD 7960 7102 7 . . . 7960 7103 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 7103 2 26 26 CD 7960 7103 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 7103 4 See see VB 7960 7103 5 page page NN 7960 7103 6 350 350 CD 7960 7103 7 . . . 7960 7104 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 7104 2 27 27 CD 7960 7104 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 7104 4 The the DT 7960 7104 5 enthusiasm enthusiasm NN 7960 7104 6 of of IN 7960 7104 7 the the DT 7960 7104 8 Celtic celtic JJ 7960 7104 9 Christians Christians NNPS 7960 7104 10 reached reach VBD 7960 7104 11 such such JJ 7960 7104 12 proportions proportion NNS 7960 7104 13 that that WDT 7960 7104 14 it -PRON- PRP 7960 7104 15 swept sweep VBD 7960 7104 16 back back RB 7960 7104 17 upon upon IN 7960 7104 18 the the DT 7960 7104 19 Continent continent NN 7960 7104 20 . . . 7960 7105 1 In in IN 7960 7105 2 the the DT 7960 7105 3 seventh seventh JJ 7960 7105 4 and and CC 7960 7105 5 eighth eighth JJ 7960 7105 6 centuries century NNS 7960 7105 7 Irish irish JJ 7960 7105 8 missionaries missionary NNS 7960 7105 9 worked work VBD 7960 7105 10 among among IN 7960 7105 11 the the DT 7960 7105 12 heathen heathen NNP 7960 7105 13 Germans Germans NNPS 7960 7105 14 and and CC 7960 7105 15 founded found VBN 7960 7105 16 monasteries monastery NNS 7960 7105 17 in in IN 7960 7105 18 Burgundy Burgundy NNP 7960 7105 19 , , , 7960 7105 20 Lombardy Lombardy NNP 7960 7105 21 , , , 7960 7105 22 and and CC 7960 7105 23 southern southern JJ 7960 7105 24 Germany Germany NNP 7960 7105 25 ( ( -LRB- 7960 7105 26 now now RB 7960 7105 27 Switzerland Switzerland NNP 7960 7105 28 ) ) -RRB- 7960 7105 29 . . . 7960 7106 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 7106 2 28 28 CD 7960 7106 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 7106 4 Bede Bede NNP 7960 7106 5 , , , 7960 7106 6 _ _ NNP 7960 7106 7 Historia Historia NNP 7960 7106 8 ecclesiastica ecclesiastica NNP 7960 7106 9 _ _ NNP 7960 7106 10 , , , 7960 7106 11 iii iii CD 7960 7106 12 , , , 7960 7106 13 25 25 CD 7960 7106 14 . . . 7960 7107 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 7107 2 29 29 CD 7960 7107 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 7107 4 The the DT 7960 7107 5 separation separation NN 7960 7107 6 from from IN 7960 7107 7 Rome Rome NNP 7960 7107 8 occurred occur VBD 7960 7107 9 in in IN 7960 7107 10 1534 1534 CD 7960 7107 11 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 7107 12 , , , 7960 7107 13 during during IN 7960 7107 14 the the DT 7960 7107 15 reign reign NN 7960 7107 16 of of IN 7960 7107 17 Henry Henry NNP 7960 7107 18 VIII VIII NNP 7960 7107 19 . . . 7960 7108 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 7108 2 30 30 CD 7960 7108 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 7108 4 See see VB 7960 7108 5 page page NN 7960 7108 6 378 378 CD 7960 7108 7 . . . 7960 7109 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 7109 2 31 31 CD 7960 7109 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 7109 4 See see VB 7960 7109 5 page page NN 7960 7109 6 330 330 CD 7960 7109 7 . . . 7960 7110 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 7110 2 32 32 CD 7960 7110 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 7110 4 See see VB 7960 7110 5 page page NN 7960 7110 6 236 236 CD 7960 7110 7 . . . 7960 7111 1 CHAPTER CHAPTER NNP 7960 7111 2 XIV XIV NNP 7960 7111 3 EASTERN EASTERN NNP 7960 7111 4 EUROPE EUROPE NNP 7960 7111 5 DURING during IN 7960 7111 6 THE the DT 7960 7111 7 EARLY EARLY NNP 7960 7111 8 MIDDLE MIDDLE NNP 7960 7111 9 AGES AGES NNP 7960 7111 10 , , , 7960 7111 11 395 395 CD 7960 7111 12 - - SYM 7960 7111 13 1096 1096 CD 7960 7111 14 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 7111 15 114 114 CD 7960 7111 16 . . . 7960 7112 1 THE the DT 7960 7112 2 ROMAN ROMAN NNP 7960 7112 3 EMPIRE empire NN 7960 7112 4 IN in IN 7960 7112 5 THE the DT 7960 7112 6 EAST EAST NNP 7960 7112 7 SURVIVAL SURVIVAL NNP 7960 7112 8 OF of IN 7960 7112 9 THE the DT 7960 7112 10 ROMAN ROMAN NNP 7960 7112 11 EMPIRE EMPIRE NNP 7960 7112 12 IN in IN 7960 7112 13 THE the DT 7960 7112 14 EAST EAST NNP 7960 7112 15 The the DT 7960 7112 16 Roman Roman NNP 7960 7112 17 Empire Empire NNP 7960 7112 18 in in IN 7960 7112 19 the the DT 7960 7112 20 West West NNP 7960 7112 21 moved move VBD 7960 7112 22 rapidly rapidly RB 7960 7112 23 to to IN 7960 7112 24 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7112 25 " " `` 7960 7112 26 fall fall NN 7960 7112 27 " " '' 7960 7112 28 in in IN 7960 7112 29 476 476 CD 7960 7112 30 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 7112 31 , , , 7960 7112 32 at at IN 7960 7112 33 the the DT 7960 7112 34 hands hand NNS 7960 7112 35 of of IN 7960 7112 36 the the DT 7960 7112 37 Germanic germanic JJ 7960 7112 38 invaders invader NNS 7960 7112 39 . . . 7960 7113 1 The the DT 7960 7113 2 Roman Roman NNP 7960 7113 3 Empire Empire NNP 7960 7113 4 in in IN 7960 7113 5 the the DT 7960 7113 6 East East NNP 7960 7113 7 , , , 7960 7113 8 though though IN 7960 7113 9 threatened threaten VBN 7960 7113 10 by by IN 7960 7113 11 enemies enemy NNS 7960 7113 12 from from IN 7960 7113 13 without without IN 7960 7113 14 and and CC 7960 7113 15 weakened weaken VBN 7960 7113 16 by by IN 7960 7113 17 civil civil JJ 7960 7113 18 conflicts conflict NNS 7960 7113 19 from from IN 7960 7113 20 within within IN 7960 7113 21 , , , 7960 7113 22 endured endure VBN 7960 7113 23 for for IN 7960 7113 24 more more JJR 7960 7113 25 than than IN 7960 7113 26 a a DT 7960 7113 27 thousand thousand CD 7960 7113 28 years year NNS 7960 7113 29 . . 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all DT 7960 7117 34 sides side NNS 7960 7117 35 faced face VBD 7960 7117 36 hostile hostile JJ 7960 7117 37 states state NNS 7960 7117 38 . . . 7960 7118 1 The the DT 7960 7118 2 empire empire NN 7960 7118 3 survived survive VBD 7960 7118 4 so so RB 7960 7118 5 long long RB 7960 7118 6 , , , 7960 7118 7 because because IN 7960 7118 8 of of IN 7960 7118 9 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7118 10 vast vast JJ 7960 7118 11 wealth wealth NN 7960 7118 12 and and CC 7960 7118 13 resources resource NNS 7960 7118 14 , , , 7960 7118 15 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7118 16 despotic despotic JJ 7960 7118 17 , , , 7960 7118 18 centralized centralized JJ 7960 7118 19 government government NN 7960 7118 20 , , , 7960 7118 21 the the DT 7960 7118 22 strength strength NN 7960 7118 23 of of IN 7960 7118 24 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7118 25 army army NN 7960 7118 26 , , , 7960 7118 27 and and CC 7960 7118 28 the the DT 7960 7118 29 almost almost RB 7960 7118 30 impregnable impregnable JJ 7960 7118 31 position position NN 7960 7118 32 occupied occupy VBN 7960 7118 33 by by IN 7960 7118 34 Constantinople Constantinople NNP 7960 7118 35 , , , 7960 7118 36 the the DT 7960 7118 37 capital capital NN 7960 7118 38 city city NN 7960 7118 39 . . . 7960 7119 1 CHARACTER character NN 7960 7119 2 OF of IN 7960 7119 3 THE the DT 7960 7119 4 EMPIRE empire NN 7960 7119 5 The the DT 7960 7119 6 changing change VBG 7960 7119 7 fortunes fortune NNS 7960 7119 8 of of IN 7960 7119 9 the the DT 7960 7119 10 empire empire NN 7960 7119 11 during during IN 7960 7119 12 the the DT 7960 7119 13 Middle Middle NNP 7960 7119 14 Ages Ages NNPS 7960 7119 15 are be VBP 7960 7119 16 reflected reflect VBN 7960 7119 17 in in IN 7960 7119 18 some some DT 7960 7119 19 of of IN 7960 7119 20 the the DT 7960 7119 21 names name NNS 7960 7119 22 by by IN 7960 7119 23 which which WDT 7960 7119 24 it -PRON- PRP 7960 7119 25 is be VBZ 7960 7119 26 often often RB 7960 7119 27 known know VBN 7960 7119 28 . . . 7960 7120 1 The the DT 7960 7120 2 term term NN 7960 7120 3 " " `` 7960 7120 4 Greek Greek NNP 7960 7120 5 Empire Empire NNP 7960 7120 6 " " '' 7960 7120 7 expresses express VBZ 7960 7120 8 the the DT 7960 7120 9 fact fact NN 7960 7120 10 that that IN 7960 7120 11 the the DT 7960 7120 12 state state NN 7960 7120 13 became become VBD 7960 7120 14 more more RBR 7960 7120 15 and and CC 7960 7120 16 more more RBR 7960 7120 17 Greek Greek NNP 7960 7120 18 in in IN 7960 7120 19 character character NN 7960 7120 20 , , , 7960 7120 21 owing owe VBG 7960 7120 22 to to IN 7960 7120 23 the the DT 7960 7120 24 loss loss NN 7960 7120 25 , , , 7960 7120 26 first first RB 7960 7120 27 of of IN 7960 7120 28 the the DT 7960 7120 29 western western JJ 7960 7120 30 provinces province NNS 7960 7120 31 in in IN 7960 7120 32 the the DT 7960 7120 33 fifth fifth JJ 7960 7120 34 century century NN 7960 7120 35 , , , 7960 7120 36 and and CC 7960 7120 37 then then RB 7960 7120 38 of of IN 7960 7120 39 Syria Syria NNP 7960 7120 40 and and CC 7960 7120 41 Egypt Egypt NNP 7960 7120 42 in in IN 7960 7120 43 the the DT 7960 7120 44 seventh seventh JJ 7960 7120 45 century century NN 7960 7120 46 . . . 7960 7121 1 Another another DT 7960 7121 2 term-- term-- JJ 7960 7121 3 " " `` 7960 7121 4 Byzantine Byzantine NNP 7960 7121 5 Empire"--appropriately empire"--appropriately RB 7960 7121 6 describes describe VBZ 7960 7121 7 the the DT 7960 7121 8 condition condition NN 7960 7121 9 of of IN 7960 7121 10 the the DT 7960 7121 11 state state NN 7960 7121 12 in in IN 7960 7121 13 still still RB 7960 7121 14 later later RBR 7960 7121 15 times time NNS 7960 7121 16 , , , 7960 7121 17 when when WRB 7960 7121 18 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7121 19 possessions possession NNS 7960 7121 20 were be VBD 7960 7121 21 reduced reduce VBN 7960 7121 22 to to IN 7960 7121 23 Constantinople Constantinople NNP 7960 7121 24 ( ( -LRB- 7960 7121 25 ancient ancient JJ 7960 7121 26 Byzantium Byzantium NNP 7960 7121 27 ) ) -RRB- 7960 7121 28 and and CC 7960 7121 29 the the DT 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7960 7123 6 of of IN 7960 7123 7 Charlemagne Charlemagne NNP 7960 7123 8 and and CC 7960 7123 9 Otto Otto NNP 7960 7123 10 the the DT 7960 7123 11 Great Great NNP 7960 7123 12 to to TO 7960 7123 13 establish establish VB 7960 7123 14 a a DT 7960 7123 15 rival rival JJ 7960 7123 16 Roman Roman NNP 7960 7123 17 Empire Empire NNP 7960 7123 18 in in IN 7960 7123 19 western western JJ 7960 7123 20 Europe Europe NNP 7960 7123 21 . . . 7960 7124 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 7124 2 2 2 LS 7960 7124 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 7124 4 They -PRON- PRP 7960 7124 5 claimed claim VBD 7960 7124 6 to to TO 7960 7124 7 be be VB 7960 7124 8 the the DT 7960 7124 9 only only JJ 7960 7124 10 legitimate legitimate JJ 7960 7124 11 heirs heir NNS 7960 7124 12 of of IN 7960 7124 13 Old Old NNP 7960 7124 14 Rome Rome NNP 7960 7124 15 . . . 7960 7125 1 115 115 CD 7960 7125 2 . . . 7960 7126 1 THE the DT 7960 7126 2 REIGN REIGN NNP 7960 7126 3 OF of IN 7960 7126 4 JUSTINIAN JUSTINIAN NNP 7960 7126 5 , , , 7960 7126 6 527 527 CD 7960 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7143 29 . . . 7960 7144 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 7144 2 4 4 LS 7960 7144 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 7144 4 Justinian Justinian NNP 7960 7144 5 also also RB 7960 7144 6 recovered recover VBD 7960 7144 7 from from IN 7960 7144 8 the the DT 7960 7144 9 Visigoths Visigoths NNPS 7960 7144 10 [ [ -LRB- 7960 7144 11 5 5 CD 7960 7144 12 ] ] -RRB- 7960 7144 13 the the DT 7960 7144 14 southeastern southeastern JJ 7960 7144 15 part part NN 7960 7144 16 of of IN 7960 7144 17 Spain Spain NNP 7960 7144 18 . . . 7960 7145 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 7145 2 could could MD 7960 7145 3 now now RB 7960 7145 4 say say VB 7960 7145 5 with with IN 7960 7145 6 truth truth NN 7960 7145 7 that that IN 7960 7145 8 the the DT 7960 7145 9 Mediterranean Mediterranean NNP 7960 7145 10 was be VBD 7960 7145 11 once once RB 7960 7145 12 more more JJR 7960 7145 13 a a DT 7960 7145 14 Roman roman JJ 7960 7145 15 sea sea NN 7960 7145 16 . . . 7960 7146 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 7146 2 6 6 CD 7960 7146 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 7146 4 [ [ -LRB- 7960 7146 5 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7150 38 learned learn VBN 7960 7150 39 lawyers lawyer NNS 7960 7150 40 , , , 7960 7150 41 had have VBD 7960 7150 42 never never RB 7960 7150 43 been be VBN 7960 7150 44 completely completely RB 7960 7150 45 collected collect VBN 7960 7150 46 and and CC 7960 7150 47 arranged arrange VBN 7960 7150 48 in in IN 7960 7150 49 scientific scientific JJ 7960 7150 50 form form NN 7960 7150 51 . . . 7960 7151 1 Justinian Justinian NNP 7960 7151 2 appointed appoint VBD 7960 7151 3 a a DT 7960 7151 4 commission commission NN 7960 7151 5 of of IN 7960 7151 6 legal legal JJ 7960 7151 7 scholars scholar NNS 7960 7151 8 to to TO 7960 7151 9 perform perform VB 7960 7151 10 this this DT 7960 7151 11 task task NN 7960 7151 12 . . . 7960 7152 1 The the DT 7960 7152 2 result result NN 7960 7152 3 of of IN 7960 7152 4 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7152 5 labors labor NNS 7960 7152 6 , , , 7960 7152 7 in in IN 7960 7152 8 which which WDT 7960 7152 9 the the DT 7960 7152 10 emperor emperor NN 7960 7152 11 himself 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and CC 7960 7158 14 commerce commerce NN 7960 7158 15 and and CC 7960 7158 16 agriculture agriculture NN 7960 7158 17 were be VBD 7960 7158 18 encouraged encourage VBN 7960 7158 19 . . . 7960 7159 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 7159 2 was be VBD 7960 7159 3 at at IN 7960 7159 4 this this DT 7960 7159 5 time time NN 7960 7159 6 that that WDT 7960 7159 7 two two CD 7960 7159 8 Christian christian JJ 7960 7159 9 missionaries missionary NNS 7960 7159 10 brought bring VBN 7960 7159 11 from from IN 7960 7159 12 China China NNP 7960 7159 13 the the DT 7960 7159 14 eggs egg NNS 7960 7159 15 of of IN 7960 7159 16 the the DT 7960 7159 17 silkworm silkworm NN 7960 7159 18 , , , 7960 7159 19 and and CC 7960 7159 20 introduced introduce VBD 7960 7159 21 the the DT 7960 7159 22 manufacture manufacture NN 7960 7159 23 of of IN 7960 7159 24 silk silk NN 7960 7159 25 in in IN 7960 7159 26 Europe Europe NNP 7960 7159 27 . . . 7960 7160 1 As as IN 7960 7160 2 a a DT 7960 7160 3 builder builder NN 7960 7160 4 Justinian Justinian NNP 7960 7160 5 gained gain VBD 7960 7160 6 special special JJ 7960 7160 7 fame fame NN 7960 7160 8 . . . 7960 7161 1 The the DT 7960 7161 2 edifices edifice NNS 7960 7161 3 which which WDT 7960 7161 4 he -PRON- PRP 7960 7161 5 caused cause VBD 7960 7161 6 to to TO 7960 7161 7 be be VB 7960 7161 8 raised raise VBN 7960 7161 9 throughout throughout IN 7960 7161 10 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7161 11 dominions dominion NNS 7960 7161 12 included include VBD 7960 7161 13 massive massive JJ 7960 7161 14 fortifications fortification NNS 7960 7161 15 on on IN 7960 7161 16 the the DT 7960 7161 17 exposed expose VBN 7960 7161 18 frontiers frontier NNS 7960 7161 19 , , , 7960 7161 20 splendid splendid JJ 7960 7161 21 palaces palace NNS 7960 7161 22 , , , 7960 7161 23 and and CC 7960 7161 24 many many JJ 7960 7161 25 monasteries monastery NNS 7960 7161 26 and and CC 7960 7161 27 churches church NNS 7960 7161 28 . . . 7960 7162 1 The the DT 7960 7162 2 most most RBS 7960 7162 3 noteworthy noteworthy JJ 7960 7162 4 monument monument NN 7960 7162 5 to to IN 7960 7162 6 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7162 7 piety piety NN 7960 7162 8 is be VBZ 7960 7162 9 the the DT 7960 7162 10 church church NN 7960 7162 11 of of IN 7960 7162 12 Sancta Sancta NNP 7960 7162 13 Sophia Sophia NNP 7960 7162 14 [ [ -LRB- 7960 7162 15 8 8 CD 7960 7162 16 ] ] -RRB- 7960 7162 17 at at IN 7960 7162 18 Constantinople Constantinople NNP 7960 7162 19 , , , 7960 7162 20 now now RB 7960 7162 21 used use VBN 7960 7162 22 as as IN 7960 7162 23 a a DT 7960 7162 24 Mohammedan Mohammedan NNP 7960 7162 25 mosque mosque NN 7960 7162 26 . . . 7960 7163 1 By by IN 7960 7163 2 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7163 3 conquests conquest NNS 7960 7163 4 , , , 7960 7163 5 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7163 6 laws law NNS 7960 7163 7 , , , 7960 7163 8 and and CC 7960 7163 9 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7163 10 buildings building NNS 7960 7163 11 , , , 7960 7163 12 Justinian Justinian NNP 7960 7163 13 revived revive VBD 7960 7163 14 for for IN 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VBD 7960 7165 28 raised raise VBN 7960 7165 29 it -PRON- PRP 7960 7165 30 . . . 7960 7166 1 His -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7166 2 conquests conquest NNS 7960 7166 3 , , , 7960 7166 4 indeed indeed RB 7960 7166 5 , , , 7960 7166 6 weakened weaken VBN 7960 7166 7 rather rather RB 7960 7166 8 than than IN 7960 7166 9 strengthened strengthen VBN 7960 7166 10 the the DT 7960 7166 11 empire empire NN 7960 7166 12 , , , 7960 7166 13 since since IN 7960 7166 14 now now RB 7960 7166 15 there there EX 7960 7166 16 were be VBD 7960 7166 17 much much RB 7960 7166 18 more more RBR 7960 7166 19 extensive extensive JJ 7960 7166 20 frontiers frontier NNS 7960 7166 21 to to TO 7960 7166 22 defend defend VB 7960 7166 23 . . . 7960 7167 1 Within within IN 7960 7167 2 half half PDT 7960 7167 3 a a DT 7960 7167 4 century century NN 7960 7167 5 after after IN 7960 7167 6 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7167 7 death death NN 7960 7167 8 it -PRON- PRP 7960 7167 9 was be VBD 7960 7167 10 attacked attack VBN 7960 7167 11 both both 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NNP 7960 7171 21 ) ) -RRB- 7960 7171 22 . . . 7960 7172 1 His -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7172 2 brilliant brilliant JJ 7960 7172 3 campaigns campaign NNS 7960 7172 4 against against IN 7960 7172 5 Chosroes Chosroes NNPS 7960 7172 6 partook partake VBD 7960 7172 7 of of IN 7960 7172 8 the the DT 7960 7172 9 nature nature NN 7960 7172 10 of of IN 7960 7172 11 a a DT 7960 7172 12 crusade crusade NN 7960 7172 13 , , , 7960 7172 14 or or CC 7960 7172 15 " " `` 7960 7172 16 holy holy NNP 7960 7172 17 war war NN 7960 7172 18 , , , 7960 7172 19 " " '' 7960 7172 20 for for IN 7960 7172 21 the the DT 7960 7172 22 Persians Persians NNPS 7960 7172 23 had have VBD 7960 7172 24 violated violate VBN 7960 7172 25 the the DT 7960 7172 26 Holy Holy NNP 7960 7172 27 Sepulcher Sepulcher NNP 7960 7172 28 at at IN 7960 7172 29 Jerusalem Jerusalem NNP 7960 7172 30 and and CC 7960 7172 31 had have VBD 7960 7172 32 stolen steal VBN 7960 7172 33 away away RP 7960 7172 34 the the DT 7960 7172 35 True True NNP 7960 7172 36 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7173 30 victims victim NNS 7960 7173 31 to to IN 7960 7173 32 foes foe NNS 7960 7173 33 still still RB 7960 7173 34 more more RBR 7960 7173 35 terrible terrible JJ 7960 7173 36 than than IN 7960 7173 37 the the DT 7960 7173 38 Persians Persians NNPS 7960 7173 39 . . . 7960 7174 1 These these DT 7960 7174 2 were be VBD 7960 7174 3 the the DT 7960 7174 4 Arabs Arabs NNPS 7960 7174 5 . . . 7960 7175 1 ARABS ARABS NNP 7960 7175 2 Heraclius Heraclius NNP 7960 7175 3 had have VBD 7960 7175 4 not not RB 7960 7175 5 closed close VBN 7960 7175 6 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7175 7 reign reign NN 7960 7175 8 before before IN 7960 7175 9 he -PRON- PRP 7960 7175 10 saw see VBD 7960 7175 11 all all PDT 7960 7175 12 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7175 13 victories victory NNS 7960 7175 14 undone undo VBN 7960 7175 15 by by IN 7960 7175 16 the the DT 7960 7175 17 advance advance NN 7960 7175 18 of of IN 7960 7175 19 the the DT 7960 7175 20 Arabs Arabs NNPS 7960 7175 21 . . . 7960 7176 1 The the DT 7960 7176 2 first 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7960 7178 20 of of IN 7960 7178 21 able able JJ 7960 7178 22 rulers ruler NNS 7960 7178 23 at at IN 7960 7178 24 Constantinople Constantinople NNP 7960 7178 25 succeeded succeed VBD 7960 7178 26 in in IN 7960 7178 27 winning win VBG 7960 7178 28 back back RB 7960 7178 29 some some DT 7960 7178 30 of of IN 7960 7178 31 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7178 32 lost lose VBN 7960 7178 33 provinces province NNS 7960 7178 34 . . . 7960 7179 1 SELJUK SELJUK NNP 7960 7179 2 TURKS TURKS NNP 7960 7179 3 During during IN 7960 7179 4 the the DT 7960 7179 5 eleventh eleventh JJ 7960 7179 6 century century NN 7960 7179 7 the the DT 7960 7179 8 empire empire NN 7960 7179 9 had have VBD 7960 7179 10 to to TO 7960 7179 11 face face VB 7960 7179 12 new new JJ 7960 7179 13 enemies enemy NNS 7960 7179 14 . . . 7960 7180 1 These these DT 7960 7180 2 were be VBD 7960 7180 3 the the DT 7960 7180 4 Seljuk Seljuk NNP 7960 7180 5 Turks Turks NNPS 7960 7180 6 , , , 7960 7180 7 [ [ -LRB- 7960 7180 8 11 11 CD 7960 7180 9 ] ] -RRB- 7960 7180 10 fierce fierce JJ 7960 7180 11 nomads nomad NNS 7960 7180 12 from from IN 7960 7180 13 the the DT 7960 7180 14 steppes steppe NNS 7960 7180 15 beyond beyond IN 7960 7180 16 the the DT 7960 7180 17 Caspian Caspian NNP 7960 7180 18 . . . 7960 7181 1 After after IN 7960 7181 2 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7181 3 conversion conversion NN 7960 7181 4 to to IN 7960 7181 5 Mohammedanism Mohammedanism NNP 7960 7181 6 , , , 7960 7181 7 they -PRON- PRP 7960 7181 8 swept sweep VBD 7960 7181 9 with with IN 7960 7181 10 irresistible irresistible JJ 7960 7181 11 force force NN 7960 7181 12 through through IN 7960 7181 13 the the DT 7960 7181 14 East East NNP 7960 7181 15 and and CC 7960 7181 16 conquered conquer VBD 7960 7181 17 nearly nearly RB 7960 7181 18 all all DT 7960 7181 19 Asia Asia NNP 7960 7181 20 Minor Minor NNP 7960 7181 21 . . . 7960 7182 1 The the DT 7960 7182 2 ruin ruin NN 7960 7182 3 of of IN 7960 7182 4 this this DT 7960 7182 5 country country NN 7960 7182 6 , , , 7960 7182 7 in in IN 7960 7182 8 earlier early JJR 7960 7182 9 ages age NNS 7960 7182 10 one one CD 7960 7182 11 of of IN 7960 7182 12 the the DT 7960 7182 13 most most RBS 7960 7182 14 populous populous JJ 7960 7182 15 and and CC 7960 7182 16 flourishing flourishing JJ 7960 7182 17 regions region NNS 7960 7182 18 of of IN 7960 7182 19 the the DT 7960 7182 20 world world NN 7960 7182 21 , , , 7960 7182 22 dates date VBZ 7960 7182 23 from from IN 7960 7182 24 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7182 25 occupation occupation NN 7960 7182 26 by by IN 7960 7182 27 the the DT 7960 7182 28 Seljuks Seljuks NNP 7960 7182 29 . . . 7960 7183 1 To to TO 7960 7183 2 resist resist VB 7960 7183 3 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7183 4 further further JJ 7960 7183 5 advance advance NN 7960 7183 6 the the DT 7960 7183 7 Roman roman JJ 7960 7183 8 emperor emperor NN 7960 7183 9 sought seek VBD 7960 7183 10 in in IN 7960 7183 11 1095 1095 CD 7960 7183 12 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 7183 13 the the DT 7960 7183 14 help help NN 7960 7183 15 of of IN 7960 7183 16 the the DT 7960 7183 17 Christians Christians NNPS 7960 7183 18 of of IN 7960 7183 19 Europe Europe NNP 7960 7183 20 . . . 7960 7184 1 His -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7184 2 appeals appeal NNS 7960 7184 3 for for IN 7960 7184 4 aid aid NN 7960 7184 5 resulted result VBD 7960 7184 6 in in IN 7960 7184 7 the the DT 7960 7184 8 First First NNP 7960 7184 9 Crusade Crusade NNP 7960 7184 10 , , , 7960 7184 11 with with IN 7960 7184 12 which which WDT 7960 7184 13 a a DT 7960 7184 14 new new JJ 7960 7184 15 chapter chapter NN 7960 7184 16 of of IN 7960 7184 17 medieval medieval JJ 7960 7184 18 history history NN 7960 7184 19 began begin VBD 7960 7184 20 . . . 7960 7185 1 ( ( -LRB- 7960 7185 2 See see VB 7960 7185 3 Chapter Chapter NNP 7960 7185 4 XX XX NNP 7960 7185 5 . . . 7960 7185 6 ) ) -RRB- 7960 7186 1 WORK work NN 7960 7186 2 OF of IN 7960 7186 3 THE the DT 7960 7186 4 EMPIRE EMPIRE NNP 7960 7186 5 IN in IN 7960 7186 6 ASIA ASIA NNP 7960 7186 7 Thus thus RB 7960 7186 8 , , , 7960 7186 9 for for IN 7960 7186 10 more more JJR 7960 7186 11 than than IN 7960 7186 12 five five CD 7960 7186 13 centuries century NNS 7960 7186 14 after after IN 7960 7186 15 Justinian Justinian NNP 7960 7186 16 , , , 7960 7186 17 the the DT 7960 7186 18 Roman Roman NNP 7960 7186 19 Empire Empire NNP 7960 7186 20 in in IN 7960 7186 21 the the DT 7960 7186 22 East East NNP 7960 7186 23 was be VBD 7960 7186 24 engaged engage VBN 7960 7186 25 in in IN 7960 7186 26 a a DT 7960 7186 27 long long JJ 7960 7186 28 struggle struggle NN 7960 7186 29 with with IN 7960 7186 30 the the DT 7960 7186 31 foes foe NNS 7960 7186 32 -- -- : 7960 7186 33 Persians Persians NNPS 7960 7186 34 , , , 7960 7186 35 Arabs Arabs NNPS 7960 7186 36 , , , 7960 7186 37 and and CC 7960 7186 38 Seljuk Seljuk NNP 7960 7186 39 Turks Turks NNPS 7960 7186 40 -- -- : 7960 7186 41 which which WDT 7960 7186 42 successively successively RB 7960 7186 43 attacked attack VBD 7960 7186 44 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7186 45 dominions dominion NNS 7960 7186 46 . . . 7960 7187 1 By by IN 7960 7187 2 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7187 3 stubborn stubborn JJ 7960 7187 4 resistance resistance NN 7960 7187 5 of of IN 7960 7187 6 the the DT 7960 7187 7 advance advance NN 7960 7187 8 of of IN 7960 7187 9 the the DT 7960 7187 10 invaders invader NNS 7960 7187 11 the the DT 7960 7187 12 old old JJ 7960 7187 13 empire empire NN 7960 7187 14 protected protect VBD 7960 7187 15 the the DT 7960 7187 16 young young JJ 7960 7187 17 states state NNS 7960 7187 18 of of IN 7960 7187 19 Europe Europe NNP 7960 7187 20 from from IN 7960 7187 21 attack attack NN 7960 7187 22 , , , 7960 7187 23 until until IN 7960 7187 24 they -PRON- PRP 7960 7187 25 grew grow VBD 7960 7187 26 strong strong JJ 7960 7187 27 enough enough RB 7960 7187 28 to to TO 7960 7187 29 meet meet VB 7960 7187 30 and and CC 7960 7187 31 repulse repulse VB 7960 7187 32 the the DT 7960 7187 33 hordes horde NNS 7960 7187 34 of of IN 7960 7187 35 Asia Asia NNP 7960 7187 36 . . . 7960 7188 1 This this DT 7960 7188 2 service service NN 7960 7188 3 to to IN 7960 7188 4 civilization civilization NN 7960 7188 5 was be VBD 7960 7188 6 not not RB 7960 7188 7 less less RBR 7960 7188 8 important important JJ 7960 7188 9 than than IN 7960 7188 10 that that DT 7960 7188 11 which which WDT 7960 7188 12 had have VBD 7960 7188 13 been be VBN 7960 7188 14 performed perform VBN 7960 7188 15 by by IN 7960 7188 16 Greece Greece NNP 7960 7188 17 and and CC 7960 7188 18 Rome Rome NNP 7960 7188 19 in in IN 7960 7188 20 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7188 21 contests contest NNS 7960 7188 22 with with IN 7960 7188 23 the the DT 7960 7188 24 Persians Persians NNPS 7960 7188 25 and and CC 7960 7188 26 the the DT 7960 7188 27 Carthaginians Carthaginians NNPS 7960 7188 28 . . . 7960 7189 1 117 117 CD 7960 7189 2 . . . 7960 7190 1 THE the DT 7960 7190 2 EMPIRE empire NN 7960 7190 3 AND and CC 7960 7190 4 ITS its PRP$ 7960 7190 5 FOES foe NNS 7960 7190 6 IN in IN 7960 7190 7 EUROPE europe NN 7960 7190 8 SLAVS SLAVS NNP 7960 7190 9 The the DT 7960 7190 10 troubled troubled JJ 7960 7190 11 years year NNS 7960 7190 12 after after IN 7960 7190 13 Justinian Justinian NNP 7960 7190 14 's 's POS 7960 7190 15 death death NN 7960 7190 16 also also RB 7960 7190 17 witnessed witness VBD 7960 7190 18 the the DT 7960 7190 19 beginning beginning NN 7960 7190 20 of of IN 7960 7190 21 the the DT 7960 7190 22 Slavic Slavic NNP 7960 7190 23 [ [ -LRB- 7960 7190 24 12 12 CD 7960 7190 25 ] ] -RRB- 7960 7190 26 settlements settlement NNS 7960 7190 27 in in IN 7960 7190 28 southeastern southeastern JJ 7960 7190 29 Europe Europe NNP 7960 7190 30 . . . 7960 7191 1 The the DT 7960 7191 2 Slavs Slavs NNP 7960 7191 3 belonged belong VBD 7960 7191 4 to to IN 7960 7191 5 the the DT 7960 7191 6 Indo indo JJ 7960 7191 7 - - HYPH 7960 7191 8 European european JJ 7960 7191 9 race race NN 7960 7191 10 , , , 7960 7191 11 but but CC 7960 7191 12 had have VBD 7960 7191 13 not not RB 7960 7191 14 progressed progress VBN 7960 7191 15 in in IN 7960 7191 16 civilization civilization NN 7960 7191 17 as as RB 7960 7191 18 far far RB 7960 7191 19 as as IN 7960 7191 20 the the DT 7960 7191 21 Germans Germans NNPS 7960 7191 22 . . . 7960 7192 1 Their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7192 2 cradle cradle NN 7960 7192 3 land land NN 7960 7192 4 seems seem VBZ 7960 7192 5 to to TO 7960 7192 6 have have VB 7960 7192 7 been be VBN 7960 7192 8 in in IN 7960 7192 9 western western JJ 7960 7192 10 Russia Russia NNP 7960 7192 11 , , , 7960 7192 12 whence whence NN 7960 7192 13 they -PRON- PRP 7960 7192 14 slowly slowly RB 7960 7192 15 spread spread VBD 7960 7192 16 to to IN 7960 7192 17 the the DT 7960 7192 18 Baltic Baltic NNP 7960 7192 19 , , , 7960 7192 20 the the DT 7960 7192 21 Elbe Elbe NNP 7960 7192 22 , , , 7960 7192 23 and and CC 7960 7192 24 the the DT 7960 7192 25 Danube Danube NNP 7960 7192 26 . . . 7960 7193 1 We -PRON- PRP 7960 7193 2 have have VBP 7960 7193 3 already already RB 7960 7193 4 mentioned mention VBN 7960 7193 5 the the DT 7960 7193 6 campaigns campaign NNS 7960 7193 7 which which WDT 7960 7193 8 Charlemagne Charlemagne NNP 7960 7193 9 and and CC 7960 7193 10 Henry Henry NNP 7960 7193 11 the the DT 7960 7193 12 Fowler Fowler NNP 7960 7193 13 waged wage VBD 7960 7193 14 against against IN 7960 7193 15 them -PRON- PRP 7960 7193 16 . . . 7960 7194 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 7194 2 13 13 CD 7960 7194 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 7194 4 The the DT 7960 7194 5 emperors emperor NNS 7960 7194 6 at at IN 7960 7194 7 Constantinople Constantinople NNP 7960 7194 8 were be VBD 7960 7194 9 less less RBR 7960 7194 10 successful successful JJ 7960 7194 11 in in IN 7960 7194 12 resisting resist VBG 7960 7194 13 that that DT 7960 7194 14 branch branch NN 7960 7194 15 of of IN 7960 7194 16 the the DT 7960 7194 17 Slavs Slavs NNP 7960 7194 18 which which WDT 7960 7194 19 tried try VBD 7960 7194 20 to to TO 7960 7194 21 occupy occupy VB 7960 7194 22 the the DT 7960 7194 23 Balkan Balkan NNP 7960 7194 24 peninsula peninsula NN 7960 7194 25 . . . 7960 7195 1 After after IN 7960 7195 2 crossing cross VBG 7960 7195 3 the the DT 7960 7195 4 Danube Danube NNP 7960 7195 5 , , , 7960 7195 6 the the DT 7960 7195 7 Slavs Slavs NNP 7960 7195 8 pressed press VBD 7960 7195 9 on on IN 7960 7195 10 farther far RBR 7960 7195 11 and and CC 7960 7195 12 farther far RBR 7960 7195 13 , , , 7960 7195 14 until until IN 7960 7195 15 they -PRON- PRP 7960 7195 16 reached reach VBD 7960 7195 17 the the DT 7960 7195 18 southern southern JJ 7960 7195 19 extremity extremity NN 7960 7195 20 of of IN 7960 7195 21 ancient ancient JJ 7960 7195 22 Greece Greece NNP 7960 7195 23 . . . 7960 7196 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 7196 2 avoided avoid VBD 7960 7196 3 the the DT 7960 7196 4 cities city NNS 7960 7196 5 , , , 7960 7196 6 but but CC 7960 7196 7 formed form VBD 7960 7196 8 peasant peasant NN 7960 7196 9 communities community NNS 7960 7196 10 in in IN 7960 7196 11 the the DT 7960 7196 12 open open JJ 7960 7196 13 country country NN 7960 7196 14 , , , 7960 7196 15 where where WRB 7960 7196 16 they -PRON- PRP 7960 7196 17 readily readily RB 7960 7196 18 mingled mingle VBD 7960 7196 19 with with IN 7960 7196 20 the the DT 7960 7196 21 inhabitants inhabitant NNS 7960 7196 22 . . . 7960 7197 1 Their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7197 2 descendants descendant NNS 7960 7197 3 have have VBP 7960 7197 4 remained remain VBN 7960 7197 5 in in IN 7960 7197 6 the the DT 7960 7197 7 Balkan Balkan NNP 7960 7197 8 peninsula peninsula NN 7960 7197 9 to to IN 7960 7197 10 this this DT 7960 7197 11 day day NN 7960 7197 12 . . . 7960 7198 1 The the DT 7960 7198 2 inhabitants inhabitant NNS 7960 7198 3 of of IN 7960 7198 4 modern modern JJ 7960 7198 5 Serbia Serbia NNP 7960 7198 6 [ [ -LRB- 7960 7198 7 14 14 CD 7960 7198 8 ] ] -RRB- 7960 7198 9 are be VBP 7960 7198 10 Slavs Slavs NNP 7960 7198 11 , , , 7960 7198 12 and and CC 7960 7198 13 even even RB 7960 7198 14 in in IN 7960 7198 15 the the DT 7960 7198 16 Greeks Greeks NNPS 7960 7198 17 there there EX 7960 7198 18 is be VBZ 7960 7198 19 a a DT 7960 7198 20 considerable considerable JJ 7960 7198 21 strain strain NN 7960 7198 22 of of IN 7960 7198 23 Slavic slavic JJ 7960 7198 24 blood blood NN 7960 7198 25 . . . 7960 7199 1 BULGARIANS BULGARIANS NNP 7960 7199 2 The the DT 7960 7199 3 Bulgarians Bulgarians NNPS 7960 7199 4 , , , 7960 7199 5 a a DT 7960 7199 6 people people NNS 7960 7199 7 akin akin JJ 7960 7199 8 to to IN 7960 7199 9 the the DT 7960 7199 10 Huns Huns NNP 7960 7199 11 and and CC 7960 7199 12 Avars Avars NNP 7960 7199 13 , , , 7960 7199 14 made make VBD 7960 7199 15 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7199 16 appearance appearance NN 7960 7199 17 south south RB 7960 7199 18 of of IN 7960 7199 19 the the DT 7960 7199 20 lower low JJR 7960 7199 21 Danube Danube NNP 7960 7199 22 in in IN 7960 7199 23 the the DT 7960 7199 24 seventh seventh JJ 7960 7199 25 century century NN 7960 7199 26 . . . 7960 7200 1 For for IN 7960 7200 2 more more JJR 7960 7200 3 than than IN 7960 7200 4 three three CD 7960 7200 5 hundred hundred CD 7960 7200 6 years year NNS 7960 7200 7 these these DT 7960 7200 8 barbarians barbarian NNS 7960 7200 9 , , , 7960 7200 10 brutal brutal JJ 7960 7200 11 , , , 7960 7200 12 fierce fierce JJ 7960 7200 13 , , , 7960 7200 14 and and CC 7960 7200 15 cruel cruel JJ 7960 7200 16 , , , 7960 7200 17 were be VBD 7960 7200 18 a a DT 7960 7200 19 menace menace NN 7960 7200 20 to to IN 7960 7200 21 the the DT 7960 7200 22 empire empire NN 7960 7200 23 . . . 7960 7201 1 At at IN 7960 7201 2 one one CD 7960 7201 3 time time NN 7960 7201 4 they -PRON- PRP 7960 7201 5 threatened threaten VBD 7960 7201 6 Constantinople Constantinople NNP 7960 7201 7 and and CC 7960 7201 8 even even RB 7960 7201 9 killed kill VBD 7960 7201 10 a a DT 7960 7201 11 Roman roman JJ 7960 7201 12 emperor emperor NN 7960 7201 13 , , , 7960 7201 14 whose whose WP$ 7960 7201 15 skull skull NN 7960 7201 16 was be VBD 7960 7201 17 converted convert VBN 7960 7201 18 into into IN 7960 7201 19 a a DT 7960 7201 20 drinking drinking NN 7960 7201 21 cup cup NN 7960 7201 22 to to TO 7960 7201 23 grace grace VB 7960 7201 24 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7201 25 feasts feast NNS 7960 7201 26 . . . 7960 7202 1 The the DT 7960 7202 2 Bulgarians Bulgarians NNPS 7960 7202 3 settled settle VBD 7960 7202 4 in in IN 7960 7202 5 the the DT 7960 7202 6 region region NN 7960 7202 7 which which WDT 7960 7202 8 now now RB 7960 7202 9 bears bear VBZ 7960 7202 10 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7202 11 name name NN 7960 7202 12 and and CC 7960 7202 13 gradually gradually RB 7960 7202 14 adopted adopt VBD 7960 7202 15 the the DT 7960 7202 16 speech speech NN 7960 7202 17 and and CC 7960 7202 18 customs custom NNS 7960 7202 19 of of IN 7960 7202 20 the the DT 7960 7202 21 Slavs Slavs NNP 7960 7202 22 . . . 7960 7203 1 Modern modern JJ 7960 7203 2 Bulgaria Bulgaria NNP 7960 7203 3 is be VBZ 7960 7203 4 essentially essentially RB 7960 7203 5 a a DT 7960 7203 6 Slavic slavic JJ 7960 7203 7 state state NN 7960 7203 8 . . . 7960 7204 1 RUSSIANS RUSSIANS NNPS 7960 7204 2 The the DT 7960 7204 3 empire empire NN 7960 7204 4 was be VBD 7960 7204 5 attacked attack VBN 7960 7204 6 in in IN 7960 7204 7 southeastern southeastern JJ 7960 7204 8 Europe Europe NNP 7960 7204 9 by by IN 7960 7204 10 still still RB 7960 7204 11 other other JJ 7960 7204 12 barbarians barbarian NNS 7960 7204 13 , , , 7960 7204 14 among among IN 7960 7204 15 whom whom WP 7960 7204 16 were be VBD 7960 7204 17 the the DT 7960 7204 18 Russians Russians NNPS 7960 7204 19 . . . 7960 7205 1 This this DT 7960 7205 2 Slavic slavic JJ 7960 7205 3 people people NNS 7960 7205 4 , , , 7960 7205 5 led lead VBN 7960 7205 6 by by IN 7960 7205 7 chieftains chieftain NNS 7960 7205 8 from from IN 7960 7205 9 Sweden Sweden NNP 7960 7205 10 , , , 7960 7205 11 descended descend VBD 7960 7205 12 the the DT 7960 7205 13 Dnieper Dnieper NNP 7960 7205 14 and and CC 7960 7205 15 Dniester Dniester NNP 7960 7205 16 rivers river NNS 7960 7205 17 and and CC 7960 7205 18 , , , 7960 7205 19 crossing cross VBG 7960 7205 20 the the DT 7960 7205 21 Black Black NNP 7960 7205 22 Sea Sea NNP 7960 7205 23 , , , 7960 7205 24 appeared appear VBD 7960 7205 25 before before IN 7960 7205 26 the the DT 7960 7205 27 walls wall NNS 7960 7205 28 of of IN 7960 7205 29 Constantinople Constantinople NNP 7960 7205 30 . . . 7960 7206 1 Already already RB 7960 7206 2 , , , 7960 7206 3 in in IN 7960 7206 4 the the DT 7960 7206 5 tenth tenth JJ 7960 7206 6 century century NN 7960 7206 7 , , , 7960 7206 8 that that DT 7960 7206 9 city city NN 7960 7206 10 formed form VBD 7960 7206 11 the the DT 7960 7206 12 goal goal NN 7960 7206 13 of of IN 7960 7206 14 Russian russian JJ 7960 7206 15 ambitions ambition NNS 7960 7206 16 . . . 7960 7207 1 The the DT 7960 7207 2 invaders invader NNS 7960 7207 3 are be VBP 7960 7207 4 said say VBN 7960 7207 5 to to TO 7960 7207 6 have have VB 7960 7207 7 made make VBN 7960 7207 8 four four CD 7960 7207 9 attempts attempt NNS 7960 7207 10 to to TO 7960 7207 11 plunder plunder VB 7960 7207 12 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7207 13 treasures treasure NNS 7960 7207 14 . . . 7960 7208 1 Though though IN 7960 7208 2 unsuccessful unsuccessful JJ 7960 7208 3 , , , 7960 7208 4 they -PRON- PRP 7960 7208 5 compelled compel VBD 7960 7208 6 the the DT 7960 7208 7 emperors emperor NNS 7960 7208 8 from from IN 7960 7208 9 time time NN 7960 7208 10 to to IN 7960 7208 11 time time NN 7960 7208 12 to to TO 7960 7208 13 pay pay VB 7960 7208 14 them -PRON- PRP 7960 7208 15 tribute tribute NN 7960 7208 16 . . . 7960 7209 1 WORK work NN 7960 7209 2 OF of IN 7960 7209 3 THE the DT 7960 7209 4 EMPIRE empire NN 7960 7209 5 IN in IN 7960 7209 6 EUROPE EUROPE NNP 7960 7209 7 Christianity Christianity NNP 7960 7209 8 reached reach VBD 7960 7209 9 the the DT 7960 7209 10 invaders invader NNS 7960 7209 11 of of IN 7960 7209 12 the the DT 7960 7209 13 Balkan balkan JJ 7960 7209 14 peninsula peninsula NN 7960 7209 15 from from IN 7960 7209 16 Constantinople Constantinople NNP 7960 7209 17 . . . 7960 7210 1 The the DT 7960 7210 2 Serbians Serbians NNPS 7960 7210 3 , , , 7960 7210 4 Bulgarians Bulgarians NNPS 7960 7210 5 , , , 7960 7210 6 and and CC 7960 7210 7 Russians Russians NNPS 7960 7210 8 were be VBD 7960 7210 9 converted convert VBN 7960 7210 10 in in IN 7960 7210 11 the the DT 7960 7210 12 ninth ninth JJ 7960 7210 13 and and CC 7960 7210 14 tenth tenth JJ 7960 7210 15 centuries century NNS 7960 7210 16 . . . 7960 7211 1 With with IN 7960 7211 2 Christianity Christianity NNP 7960 7211 3 they -PRON- PRP 7960 7211 4 received receive VBD 7960 7211 5 the the DT 7960 7211 6 use use NN 7960 7211 7 of of IN 7960 7211 8 letters letter NNS 7960 7211 9 and and CC 7960 7211 10 some some DT 7960 7211 11 knowledge knowledge NN 7960 7211 12 of of IN 7960 7211 13 Roman roman JJ 7960 7211 14 law law NN 7960 7211 15 and and CC 7960 7211 16 methods method NNS 7960 7211 17 of of IN 7960 7211 18 government government NN 7960 7211 19 . . . 7960 7212 1 Constantinople Constantinople NNP 7960 7212 2 was be VBD 7960 7212 3 to to IN 7960 7212 4 them -PRON- PRP 7960 7212 5 , , , 7960 7212 6 henceforth henceforth RB 7960 7212 7 , , , 7960 7212 8 such such PDT 7960 7212 9 a a DT 7960 7212 10 center center NN 7960 7212 11 of of IN 7960 7212 12 religion religion NN 7960 7212 13 and and CC 7960 7212 14 culture culture NN 7960 7212 15 as as IN 7960 7212 16 Rome Rome NNP 7960 7212 17 was be VBD 7960 7212 18 to to IN 7960 7212 19 the the DT 7960 7212 20 Germans Germans NNPS 7960 7212 21 . . . 7960 7213 1 By by IN 7960 7213 2 becoming become VBG 7960 7213 3 the the DT 7960 7213 4 teacher teacher NN 7960 7213 5 of of IN 7960 7213 6 the the DT 7960 7213 7 vast vast JJ 7960 7213 8 Slavic slavic JJ 7960 7213 9 peoples people NNS 7960 7213 10 of of IN 7960 7213 11 the the DT 7960 7213 12 Balkan balkan JJ 7960 7213 13 peninsula peninsula NN 7960 7213 14 and and CC 7960 7213 15 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23 long long RB 7960 7215 24 continued continue VBD 7960 7215 25 to to TO 7960 7215 26 be be VB 7960 7215 27 the the DT 7960 7215 28 leading lead VBG 7960 7215 29 European european JJ 7960 7215 30 power power NN 7960 7215 31 . . . 7960 7216 1 Its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7216 2 highest high JJS 7960 7216 3 degree degree NN 7960 7216 4 of of IN 7960 7216 5 prosperity prosperity NN 7960 7216 6 was be VBD 7960 7216 7 reached reach VBN 7960 7216 8 between between IN 7960 7216 9 the the DT 7960 7216 10 middle middle NN 7960 7216 11 of of IN 7960 7216 12 the the DT 7960 7216 13 ninth ninth JJ 7960 7216 14 and and CC 7960 7216 15 the the DT 7960 7216 16 middle middle NN 7960 7216 17 of of IN 7960 7216 18 the the DT 7960 7216 19 eleventh eleventh JJ 7960 7216 20 century century NN 7960 7216 21 . . . 7960 7217 1 The the DT 7960 7217 2 provinces province NNS 7960 7217 3 in in IN 7960 7217 4 Asia Asia NNP 7960 7217 5 Minor Minor NNP 7960 7217 6 and and CC 7960 7217 7 the the DT 7960 7217 8 Balkan balkan JJ 7960 7217 9 peninsula peninsula NN 7960 7217 10 produced produce VBD 7960 7217 11 a a DT 7960 7217 12 vast vast JJ 7960 7217 13 annual annual JJ 7960 7217 14 revenue revenue NN 7960 7217 15 , , , 7960 7217 16 much much JJ 7960 7217 17 of of IN 7960 7217 18 which which WDT 7960 7217 19 went go VBD 7960 7217 20 for for IN 7960 7217 21 defense defense NN 7960 7217 22 . . . 7960 7218 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 7218 2 was be VBD 7960 7218 3 necessary necessary JJ 7960 7218 4 to to TO 7960 7218 5 maintain maintain VB 7960 7218 6 a a DT 7960 7218 7 large large JJ 7960 7218 8 , , , 7960 7218 9 well well RB 7960 7218 10 - - HYPH 7960 7218 11 disciplined discipline VBN 7960 7218 12 army army NN 7960 7218 13 , , , 7960 7218 14 great great JJ 7960 7218 15 fleets fleet NNS 7960 7218 16 and and CC 7960 7218 17 engines engine NNS 7960 7218 18 of of IN 7960 7218 19 war war NN 7960 7218 20 , , , 7960 7218 21 and and CC 7960 7218 22 the the DT 7960 7218 23 extensive extensive JJ 7960 7218 24 fortifications fortification NNS 7960 7218 25 of of IN 7960 7218 26 Constantinople Constantinople NNP 7960 7218 27 and and CC 7960 7218 28 the the DT 7960 7218 29 frontier frontier NN 7960 7218 30 cities city NNS 7960 7218 31 . . . 7960 7219 1 Confronted confront VBN 7960 7219 2 by by IN 7960 7219 3 so so RB 7960 7219 4 many many JJ 7960 7219 5 dangers danger NNS 7960 7219 6 , , , 7960 7219 7 the the DT 7960 7219 8 empire empire NN 7960 7219 9 could could MD 7960 7219 10 hope hope VB 7960 7219 11 to to TO 7960 7219 12 survive survive VB 7960 7219 13 only only RB 7960 7219 14 by by IN 7960 7219 15 making make VBG 7960 7219 16 itself -PRON- PRP 7960 7219 17 a a DT 7960 7219 18 strong strong JJ 7960 7219 19 military military JJ 7960 7219 20 state state NN 7960 7219 21 . . . 7960 7220 1 COMMERCE COMMERCE NNS 7960 7220 2 AND and CC 7960 7220 3 INDUSTRY industry NN 7960 7220 4 The the DT 7960 7220 5 merchant merchant NN 7960 7220 6 ships ship NNS 7960 7220 7 of of IN 7960 7220 8 Constantinople Constantinople NNP 7960 7220 9 , , , 7960 7220 10 during during IN 7960 7220 11 the the DT 7960 7220 12 earlier early JJR 7960 7220 13 part part NN 7960 7220 14 of of IN 7960 7220 15 the the DT 7960 7220 16 Middle Middle NNP 7960 7220 17 Ages Ages NNP 7960 7220 18 , , , 7960 7220 19 carried carry VBN 7960 7220 20 on on IN 7960 7220 21 most most JJS 7960 7220 22 of of IN 7960 7220 23 the the DT 7960 7220 24 commerce commerce NN 7960 7220 25 of of IN 7960 7220 26 the the DT 7960 7220 27 Mediterranean Mediterranean NNP 7960 7220 28 and and CC 7960 7220 29 the the DT 7960 7220 30 Black Black NNP 7960 7220 31 Sea Sea NNP 7960 7220 32 . . . 7960 7221 1 The the DT 7960 7221 2 products product NNS 7960 7221 3 of of IN 7960 7221 4 Byzantine byzantine JJ 7960 7221 5 industry industry NN 7960 7221 6 , , , 7960 7221 7 including include VBG 7960 7221 8 silks silk NNS 7960 7221 9 , , , 7960 7221 10 embroideries embroidery NNS 7960 7221 11 , , , 7960 7221 12 mosaics mosaic NNS 7960 7221 13 , , , 7960 7221 14 enamels enamel NNS 7960 7221 15 , , , 7960 7221 16 and and CC 7960 7221 17 metal metal NN 7960 7221 18 work work NN 7960 7221 19 , , , 7960 7221 20 were be VBD 7960 7221 21 exchanged exchange VBN 7960 7221 22 at at IN 7960 7221 23 that that DT 7960 7221 24 city city NN 7960 7221 25 for for IN 7960 7221 26 the the DT 7960 7221 27 spices spice NNS 7960 7221 28 , , , 7960 7221 29 drugs drug NNS 7960 7221 30 , , , 7960 7221 31 and and CC 7960 7221 32 precious precious JJ 7960 7221 33 stones stone NNS 7960 7221 34 of of IN 7960 7221 35 the the DT 7960 7221 36 East East NNP 7960 7221 37 . . . 7960 7222 1 Byzantine byzantine JJ 7960 7222 2 wares ware NNS 7960 7222 3 also also RB 7960 7222 4 found find VBD 7960 7222 5 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7222 6 way way NN 7960 7222 7 into into IN 7960 7222 8 Italy Italy NNP 7960 7222 9 and and CC 7960 7222 10 France France NNP 7960 7222 11 and and CC 7960 7222 12 , , , 7960 7222 13 by by IN 7960 7222 14 way way NN 7960 7222 15 of of IN 7960 7222 16 the the DT 7960 7222 17 Russian russian JJ 7960 7222 18 rivers river NNS 7960 7222 19 , , , 7960 7222 20 reached reach VBD 7960 7222 21 the the DT 7960 7222 22 heart heart NN 7960 7222 23 of of IN 7960 7222 24 eastern eastern JJ 7960 7222 25 Europe Europe NNP 7960 7222 26 . . . 7960 7223 1 Russia Russia NNP 7960 7223 2 , , , 7960 7223 3 in in IN 7960 7223 4 turn turn NN 7960 7223 5 , , , 7960 7223 6 furnished furnish VBD 7960 7223 7 Constantinople Constantinople NNP 7960 7223 8 with with IN 7960 7223 9 large large JJ 7960 7223 10 quantities quantity NNS 7960 7223 11 of of IN 7960 7223 12 honey honey NN 7960 7223 13 , , , 7960 7223 14 wax wax NN 7960 7223 15 , , , 7960 7223 16 fur fur NN 7960 7223 17 , , , 7960 7223 18 wool wool NN 7960 7223 19 , , , 7960 7223 20 grain grain NN 7960 7223 21 , , , 7960 7223 22 and and CC 7960 7223 23 slaves slave NNS 7960 7223 24 . . . 7960 7224 1 A a DT 7960 7224 2 traveler traveler NN 7960 7224 3 of of IN 7960 7224 4 the the DT 7960 7224 5 twelfth twelfth JJ 7960 7224 6 century century NN 7960 7224 7 well well RB 7960 7224 8 described describe VBD 7960 7224 9 the the DT 7960 7224 10 city city NN 7960 7224 11 as as IN 7960 7224 12 a a DT 7960 7224 13 metropolis metropolis NN 7960 7224 14 " " `` 7960 7224 15 common common JJ 7960 7224 16 to to IN 7960 7224 17 all all PDT 7960 7224 18 the the DT 7960 7224 19 world world NN 7960 7224 20 , , , 7960 7224 21 without without IN 7960 7224 22 distinction distinction NN 7960 7224 23 of of IN 7960 7224 24 country country NN 7960 7224 25 or or CC 7960 7224 26 religion religion NN 7960 7224 27 . . . 7960 7224 28 " " '' 7960 7225 1 CHARACTER character NN 7960 7225 2 OF of IN 7960 7225 3 BYZANTINE BYZANTINE NNS 7960 7225 4 ART art NN 7960 7225 5 Many many JJ 7960 7225 6 of of IN 7960 7225 7 the the DT 7960 7225 8 Roman roman JJ 7960 7225 9 emperors emperor NNS 7960 7225 10 from from IN 7960 7225 11 Justinian Justinian NNP 7960 7225 12 onward onward RB 7960 7225 13 were be VBD 7960 7225 14 great great JJ 7960 7225 15 builders builder NNS 7960 7225 16 . . . 7960 7226 1 Byzantine byzantine JJ 7960 7226 2 architecture architecture NN 7960 7226 3 , , , 7960 7226 4 seen see VBN 7960 7226 5 especially especially RB 7960 7226 6 in in IN 7960 7226 7 the the DT 7960 7226 8 churches church NNS 7960 7226 9 , , , 7960 7226 10 became become VBD 7960 7226 11 a a DT 7960 7226 12 leading lead VBG 7960 7226 13 form form NN 7960 7226 14 of of IN 7960 7226 15 art art NN 7960 7226 16 . . . 7960 7227 1 Its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7227 2 most most RBS 7960 7227 3 striking striking JJ 7960 7227 4 feature feature NN 7960 7227 5 is be VBZ 7960 7227 6 the the DT 7960 7227 7 dome dome NN 7960 7227 8 , , , 7960 7227 9 which which WDT 7960 7227 10 replaces replace VBZ 7960 7227 11 the the DT 7960 7227 12 flat flat JJ 7960 7227 13 , , , 7960 7227 14 wooden wooden JJ 7960 7227 15 roof roof NN 7960 7227 16 used use VBN 7960 7227 17 in in IN 7960 7227 18 the the DT 7960 7227 19 basilican basilican NNP 7960 7227 20 [ [ -LRB- 7960 7227 21 15 15 CD 7960 7227 22 ] ] -RRB- 7960 7227 23 Churches Churches NNPS 7960 7227 24 of of IN 7960 7227 25 Italy Italy NNP 7960 7227 26 . . . 7960 7228 1 The the DT 7960 7228 2 exterior exterior NN 7960 7228 3 of of IN 7960 7228 4 a a DT 7960 7228 5 Byzantine byzantine JJ 7960 7228 6 church church NN 7960 7228 7 is be VBZ 7960 7228 8 plain plain JJ 7960 7228 9 and and CC 7960 7228 10 unimposing unimposing JJ 7960 7228 11 , , , 7960 7228 12 but but CC 7960 7228 13 the the DT 7960 7228 14 interior interior NNP 7960 7228 15 is be VBZ 7960 7228 16 adorned adorn VBN 7960 7228 17 on on IN 7960 7228 18 a a DT 7960 7228 19 magnificent magnificent JJ 7960 7228 20 scale scale NN 7960 7228 21 . . . 7960 7229 1 The the DT 7960 7229 2 eyes eye NNS 7960 7229 3 of of IN 7960 7229 4 the the DT 7960 7229 5 worshiper worshiper NN 7960 7229 6 are be VBP 7960 7229 7 dazzled dazzle VBN 7960 7229 8 by by IN 7960 7229 9 the the DT 7960 7229 10 walls wall NNS 7960 7229 11 faced face VBN 7960 7229 12 with with IN 7960 7229 13 marble marble NN 7960 7229 14 slabs slab NNS 7960 7229 15 of of IN 7960 7229 16 variegated variegate VBN 7960 7229 17 colors color NNS 7960 7229 18 , , , 7960 7229 19 by by IN 7960 7229 20 the the DT 7960 7229 21 columns column NNS 7960 7229 22 of of IN 7960 7229 23 polished polished JJ 7960 7229 24 marble marble NN 7960 7229 25 , , , 7960 7229 26 jasper jasper NN 7960 7229 27 , , , 7960 7229 28 and and CC 7960 7229 29 porphyry porphyry NN 7960 7229 30 , , , 7960 7229 31 and and CC 7960 7229 32 by by IN 7960 7229 33 the the DT 7960 7229 34 brilliant brilliant JJ 7960 7229 35 mosaic mosaic JJ 7960 7229 36 pictures picture NNS 7960 7229 37 of of IN 7960 7229 38 gilded gild VBN 7960 7229 39 glass glass NN 7960 7229 40 . . . 7960 7230 1 The the DT 7960 7230 2 entire entire JJ 7960 7230 3 impression impression NN 7960 7230 4 is be VBZ 7960 7230 5 one one CD 7960 7230 6 of of IN 7960 7230 7 richness richness NN 7960 7230 8 and and CC 7960 7230 9 splendor splendor NN 7960 7230 10 . . . 7960 7231 1 Byzantine byzantine JJ 7960 7231 2 artists artist NNS 7960 7231 3 , , , 7960 7231 4 though though IN 7960 7231 5 mediocre mediocre JJ 7960 7231 6 painters painter NNS 7960 7231 7 and and CC 7960 7231 8 sculptors sculptor NNS 7960 7231 9 , , , 7960 7231 10 excelled excel VBN 7960 7231 11 in in IN 7960 7231 12 all all DT 7960 7231 13 kinds kind NNS 7960 7231 14 of of IN 7960 7231 15 decorative decorative JJ 7960 7231 16 work work NN 7960 7231 17 . . . 7960 7232 1 Their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7232 2 carvings carving NNS 7960 7232 3 in in IN 7960 7232 4 wood wood NN 7960 7232 5 , , , 7960 7232 6 ivory ivory NN 7960 7232 7 , , , 7960 7232 8 and and CC 7960 7232 9 metal metal NN 7960 7232 10 , , , 7960 7232 11 together together RB 7960 7232 12 with with IN 7960 7232 13 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7232 14 embroideries embroidery NNS 7960 7232 15 , , , 7960 7232 16 enamels enamel NNS 7960 7232 17 , , , 7960 7232 18 and and CC 7960 7232 19 miniatures miniature NNS 7960 7232 20 , , , 7960 7232 21 enjoyed enjoy VBD 7960 7232 22 a a DT 7960 7232 23 high high JJ 7960 7232 24 reputation reputation NN 7960 7232 25 throughout throughout IN 7960 7232 26 medieval medieval JJ 7960 7232 27 Europe Europe NNP 7960 7232 28 . . . 7960 7233 1 INFLUENCE influence NN 7960 7233 2 OF of IN 7960 7233 3 BYZANTINE byzantine JJ 7960 7233 4 ART art NN 7960 7233 5 Byzantine byzantine JJ 7960 7233 6 art art NN 7960 7233 7 , , , 7960 7233 8 from from IN 7960 7233 9 the the DT 7960 7233 10 sixth sixth JJ 7960 7233 11 century century NN 7960 7233 12 to to IN 7960 7233 13 the the DT 7960 7233 14 present present JJ 7960 7233 15 time time NN 7960 7233 16 , , , 7960 7233 17 has have VBZ 7960 7233 18 exerted exert VBN 7960 7233 19 a a DT 7960 7233 20 wide wide JJ 7960 7233 21 influence influence NN 7960 7233 22 . . . 7960 7234 1 Sicily Sicily NNP 7960 7234 2 , , , 7960 7234 3 southern southern JJ 7960 7234 4 Italy Italy NNP 7960 7234 5 , , , 7960 7234 6 Rome Rome NNP 7960 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7236 3 not not RB 7960 7236 4 only only RB 7960 7236 5 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7236 6 religion religion NN 7960 7236 7 but but CC 7960 7236 8 also also RB 7960 7236 9 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7236 10 art art NN 7960 7236 11 from from IN 7960 7236 12 Constantinople Constantinople NNP 7960 7236 13 . . . 7960 7237 1 The the DT 7960 7237 2 great great JJ 7960 7237 3 Russian russian JJ 7960 7237 4 churches church NNS 7960 7237 5 of of IN 7960 7237 6 Moscow Moscow NNP 7960 7237 7 and and CC 7960 7237 8 Petrograd Petrograd NNP 7960 7237 9 follow follow VB 7960 7237 10 Byzantine byzantine JJ 7960 7237 11 models model NNS 7960 7237 12 . . . 7960 7238 1 Even even RB 7960 7238 2 the the DT 7960 7238 3 Arabs Arabs NNPS 7960 7238 4 , , , 7960 7238 5 in in IN 7960 7238 6 spite spite NN 7960 7238 7 of of IN 7960 7238 8 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7238 9 hostility hostility NN 7960 7238 10 to to IN 7960 7238 11 Christianity Christianity NNP 7960 7238 12 , , , 7960 7238 13 borrowed borrow VBD 7960 7238 14 Byzantine byzantine JJ 7960 7238 15 artists artist NNS 7960 7238 16 and and CC 7960 7238 17 profited profit VBN 7960 7238 18 by by IN 7960 7238 19 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7238 20 services service NNS 7960 7238 21 . . . 7960 7239 1 The the DT 7960 7239 2 Mohammedan Mohammedan NNP 7960 7239 3 mosques mosque NNS 7960 7239 4 of of IN 7960 7239 5 Damascus Damascus NNP 7960 7239 6 , , , 7960 7239 7 Cairo Cairo NNP 7960 7239 8 , , , 7960 7239 9 and and CC 7960 7239 10 Cordova Cordova NNP 7960 7239 11 , , , 7960 7239 12 both both CC 7960 7239 13 in in IN 7960 7239 14 methods method NNS 7960 7239 15 of of IN 7960 7239 16 construction construction NN 7960 7239 17 and and CC 7960 7239 18 in in IN 7960 7239 19 details detail NNS 7960 7239 20 of of IN 7960 7239 21 ornamentation ornamentation NN 7960 7239 22 , , , 7960 7239 23 reproduce reproduce VBP 7960 7239 24 Byzantine byzantine JJ 7960 7239 25 styles style NNS 7960 7239 26 . . . 7960 7240 1 LITERATURE LITERATURE NNP 7960 7240 2 AND and CC 7960 7240 3 LEARNING learn VBG 7960 7240 4 The the DT 7960 7240 5 libraries library NNS 7960 7240 6 and and CC 7960 7240 7 museums museum NNS 7960 7240 8 of of IN 7960 7240 9 Constantinople Constantinople NNP 7960 7240 10 preserved preserve VBD 7960 7240 11 classical classical JJ 7960 7240 12 learning learning NN 7960 7240 13 . . . 7960 7241 1 In in IN 7960 7241 2 the the DT 7960 7241 3 flourishing flourishing JJ 7960 7241 4 schools school NNS 7960 7241 5 of of IN 7960 7241 6 that that DT 7960 7241 7 city city NN 7960 7241 8 the the DT 7960 7241 9 wisest wise JJS 7960 7241 10 men man NNS 7960 7241 11 of of IN 7960 7241 12 the the DT 7960 7241 13 day day NN 7960 7241 14 taught teach VBD 7960 7241 15 philosophy philosophy NN 7960 7241 16 , , , 7960 7241 17 law law NN 7960 7241 18 , , , 7960 7241 19 medicine medicine NN 7960 7241 20 , , , 7960 7241 21 and and CC 7960 7241 22 science science NN 7960 7241 23 to to IN 7960 7241 24 thousands thousand NNS 7960 7241 25 of of IN 7960 7241 26 students 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PRP$ 7960 7244 16 names name NNS 7960 7244 17 , , , 7960 7244 18 eastern eastern JJ 7960 7244 19 emperors emperor NNS 7960 7244 20 wrote write VBD 7960 7244 21 books book NNS 7960 7244 22 and and CC 7960 7244 23 composed compose VBN 7960 7244 24 poetry poetry NN 7960 7244 25 . . . 7960 7245 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 7245 2 is be VBZ 7960 7245 3 true true JJ 7960 7245 4 that that IN 7960 7245 5 Byzantine byzantine JJ 7960 7245 6 scholars scholar NNS 7960 7245 7 were be VBD 7960 7245 8 erudite erudite JJ 7960 7245 9 rather rather RB 7960 7245 10 than than IN 7960 7245 11 original original JJ 7960 7245 12 . . . 7960 7246 1 Impressed impress VBN 7960 7246 2 by by IN 7960 7246 3 the the DT 7960 7246 4 great great JJ 7960 7246 5 treasures treasure NNS 7960 7246 6 of of IN 7960 7246 7 knowledge knowledge NN 7960 7246 8 about about IN 7960 7246 9 them -PRON- PRP 7960 7246 10 , , , 7960 7246 11 they -PRON- PRP 7960 7246 12 found find VBD 7960 7246 13 it -PRON- PRP 7960 7246 14 difficult difficult JJ 7960 7246 15 to to TO 7960 7246 16 strike strike VB 7960 7246 17 out out RP 7960 7246 18 into into IN 7960 7246 19 new new JJ 7960 7246 20 , , , 7960 7246 21 unbeaten unbeaten JJ 7960 7246 22 paths path NNS 7960 7246 23 . . . 7960 7247 1 Most Most JJS 7960 7247 2 students student NNS 7960 7247 3 were be VBD 7960 7247 4 content content JJ 7960 7247 5 to to TO 7960 7247 6 make make VB 7960 7247 7 huge huge JJ 7960 7247 8 collections collection NNS 7960 7247 9 of of IN 7960 7247 10 extracts extract NNS 7960 7247 11 and and CC 7960 7247 12 notes note NNS 7960 7247 13 from from IN 7960 7247 14 the the DT 7960 7247 15 books book NNS 7960 7247 16 which which WDT 7960 7247 17 antiquity antiquity NN 7960 7247 18 had have VBD 7960 7247 19 bequeathed bequeath VBN 7960 7247 20 to to IN 7960 7247 21 them -PRON- PRP 7960 7247 22 . . . 7960 7248 1 Even even RB 7960 7248 2 this this DT 7960 7248 3 task task NN 7960 7248 4 was be VBD 7960 7248 5 useful useful JJ 7960 7248 6 , , , 7960 7248 7 however however RB 7960 7248 8 , , , 7960 7248 9 for for IN 7960 7248 10 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7248 11 encyclopedias encyclopedia NNS 7960 7248 12 preserved preserve VBN 7960 7248 13 much much JJ 7960 7248 14 information information NN 7960 7248 15 which which WDT 7960 7248 16 otherwise otherwise RB 7960 7248 17 would would MD 7960 7248 18 have have VB 7960 7248 19 been be VBN 7960 7248 20 lost lose VBN 7960 7248 21 . . . 7960 7249 1 During during IN 7960 7249 2 the the DT 7960 7249 3 Middle Middle NNP 7960 7249 4 Ages Ages NNP 7960 7249 5 the the DT 7960 7249 6 East East NNP 7960 7249 7 cherished cherish VBD 7960 7249 8 the the DT 7960 7249 9 productions production NNS 7960 7249 10 of of IN 7960 7249 11 classical classical JJ 7960 7249 12 learning learning NN 7960 7249 13 , , , 7960 7249 14 until until IN 7960 7249 15 the the DT 7960 7249 16 time time NN 7960 7249 17 came come VBD 7960 7249 18 when when WRB 7960 7249 19 the the DT 7960 7249 20 West West NNP 7960 7249 21 was be VBD 7960 7249 22 ready ready JJ 7960 7249 23 to to TO 7960 7249 24 receive receive VB 7960 7249 25 them -PRON- PRP 7960 7249 26 and and CC 7960 7249 27 to to TO 7960 7249 28 profit profit VB 7960 7249 29 by by IN 7960 7249 30 them -PRON- PRP 7960 7249 31 . . . 7960 7250 1 119 119 CD 7960 7250 2 . . . 7960 7251 1 CONSTANTINOPLE constantinople JJ 7960 7251 2 POSITION position NN 7960 7251 3 OF of IN 7960 7251 4 CONSTANTINOPLE constantinople NN 7960 7251 5 The the DT 7960 7251 6 heart heart NN 7960 7251 7 of of IN 7960 7251 8 Byzantine byzantine JJ 7960 7251 9 civilization civilization NN 7960 7251 10 was be VBD 7960 7251 11 Constantinople Constantinople NNP 7960 7251 12 . . . 7960 7252 1 The the DT 7960 7252 2 city city NN 7960 7252 3 lies lie VBZ 7960 7252 4 on on IN 7960 7252 5 a a DT 7960 7252 6 peninsula peninsula NN 7960 7252 7 between between IN 7960 7252 8 the the DT 7960 7252 9 Sea Sea NNP 7960 7252 10 of of IN 7960 7252 11 Marmora Marmora NNP 7960 7252 12 and and CC 7960 7252 13 the the DT 7960 7252 14 spacious spacious JJ 7960 7252 15 harbor harbor NN 7960 7252 16 called call VBD 7960 7252 17 the the DT 7960 7252 18 Golden Golden NNP 7960 7252 19 Horn Horn NNP 7960 7252 20 . . . 7960 7253 1 Washed wash VBN 7960 7253 2 on on IN 7960 7253 3 three three CD 7960 7253 4 sides side NNS 7960 7253 5 by by IN 7960 7253 6 the the DT 7960 7253 7 water water NN 7960 7253 8 and and CC 7960 7253 9 , , , 7960 7253 10 like like IN 7960 7253 11 Rome Rome NNP 7960 7253 12 , , , 7960 7253 13 enthroned enthrone VBN 7960 7253 14 upon upon IN 7960 7253 15 seven seven CD 7960 7253 16 hills hill NNS 7960 7253 17 , , , 7960 7253 18 Constantinople Constantinople NNP 7960 7253 19 occupies occupy VBZ 7960 7253 20 a a DT 7960 7253 21 site site NN 7960 7253 22 justly justly RB 7960 7253 23 celebrated celebrate VBN 7960 7253 24 as as IN 7960 7253 25 the the DT 7960 7253 26 noblest noble JJS 7960 7253 27 in in IN 7960 7253 28 the the DT 7960 7253 29 world world NN 7960 7253 30 . . . 7960 7254 1 It 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7960 7256 27 defend defend VB 7960 7256 28 . . . 7960 7257 1 To to TO 7960 7257 2 surround surround VB 7960 7257 3 the the DT 7960 7257 4 city city NN 7960 7257 5 an an DT 7960 7257 6 enemy enemy NN 7960 7257 7 would would MD 7960 7257 8 have have VB 7960 7257 9 to to TO 7960 7257 10 be be VB 7960 7257 11 strong strong JJ 7960 7257 12 upon upon IN 7960 7257 13 both both DT 7960 7257 14 land land NN 7960 7257 15 and and CC 7960 7257 16 sea sea NN 7960 7257 17 . . . 7960 7258 1 A a DT 7960 7258 2 hostile hostile JJ 7960 7258 3 army army NN 7960 7258 4 , , , 7960 7258 5 advancing advance VBG 7960 7258 6 through through IN 7960 7258 7 Asia Asia NNP 7960 7258 8 Minor Minor NNP 7960 7258 9 , , , 7960 7258 10 found find VBD 7960 7258 11 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7258 12 further further JJ 7960 7258 13 advance advance NN 7960 7258 14 arrested arrest VBN 7960 7258 15 by by IN 7960 7258 16 the the DT 7960 7258 17 long long JJ 7960 7258 18 , , , 7960 7258 19 winding wind VBG 7960 7258 20 channel channel NN 7960 7258 21 which which WDT 7960 7258 22 the the DT 7960 7258 23 Bosporus Bosporus NNP 7960 7258 24 , , , 7960 7258 25 the the DT 7960 7258 26 Sea Sea NNP 7960 7258 27 of of IN 7960 7258 28 Marmora Marmora NNP 7960 7258 29 , , , 7960 7258 30 and and CC 7960 7258 31 the the DT 7960 7258 32 Dardanelles dardanelle NNS 7960 7258 33 combine combine VBP 7960 7258 34 to to TO 7960 7258 35 form form VB 7960 7258 36 . . . 7960 7259 1 A a DT 7960 7259 2 hostile hostile JJ 7960 7259 3 fleet fleet NN 7960 7259 4 , , , 7960 7259 5 coming come VBG 7960 7259 6 by by IN 7960 7259 7 way way NN 7960 7259 8 of of IN 7960 7259 9 the the DT 7960 7259 10 Mediterranean Mediterranean NNP 7960 7259 11 or or CC 7960 7259 12 the the DT 7960 7259 13 Black Black NNP 7960 7259 14 Sea Sea NNP 7960 7259 15 , , , 7960 7259 16 faced face VBD 7960 7259 17 grave grave JJ 7960 7259 18 difficulties difficulty NNS 7960 7259 19 in in IN 7960 7259 20 attempting attempt VBG 7960 7259 21 to to TO 7960 7259 22 penetrate penetrate VB 7960 7259 23 the the DT 7960 7259 24 narrow narrow JJ 7960 7259 25 strait strait NN 7960 7259 26 into into IN 7960 7259 27 which which WDT 7960 7259 28 this this DT 7960 7259 29 waterway waterway NN 7960 7259 30 contracts contract NNS 7960 7259 31 at at IN 7960 7259 32 each each DT 7960 7259 33 extremity extremity NN 7960 7259 34 . . . 7960 7260 1 On on IN 7960 7260 2 the the DT 7960 7260 3 landward landward NN 7960 7260 4 side side NN 7960 7260 5 the the DT 7960 7260 6 line line NN 7960 7260 7 of of IN 7960 7260 8 defense defense NN 7960 7260 9 was be VBD 7960 7260 10 so so RB 7960 7260 11 short short JJ 7960 7260 12 -- -- : 7960 7260 13 about about RB 7960 7260 14 four four CD 7960 7260 15 miles mile NNS 7960 7260 16 in in IN 7960 7260 17 width width NN 7960 7260 18 -- -- : 7960 7260 19 that that IN 7960 7260 20 it -PRON- PRP 7960 7260 21 could could MD 7960 7260 22 be be VB 7960 7260 23 strongly strongly RB 7960 7260 24 fortified fortify VBN 7960 7260 25 and and CC 7960 7260 26 held hold VBN 7960 7260 27 by by IN 7960 7260 28 a a DT 7960 7260 29 small small JJ 7960 7260 30 force force NN 7960 7260 31 against against IN 7960 7260 32 large large JJ 7960 7260 33 numbers number NNS 7960 7260 34 . . . 7960 7261 1 During during IN 7960 7261 2 the the DT 7960 7261 3 Middle Middle NNP 7960 7261 4 Ages Ages NNP 7960 7261 5 the the DT 7960 7261 6 rear rear NN 7960 7261 7 of of IN 7960 7261 8 the the DT 7960 7261 9 city city NN 7960 7261 10 was be VBD 7960 7261 11 protected protect VBN 7960 7261 12 by by IN 7960 7261 13 two two CD 7960 7261 14 huge huge JJ 7960 7261 15 walls wall NNS 7960 7261 16 , , , 7960 7261 17 the the DT 7960 7261 18 remains remain NNS 7960 7261 19 of of IN 7960 7261 20 which which WDT 7960 7261 21 are be VBP 7960 7261 22 still still RB 7960 7261 23 visible visible JJ 7960 7261 24 . . . 7960 7262 1 Constantinople Constantinople NNP 7960 7262 2 , , , 7960 7262 3 in in IN 7960 7262 4 fact fact NN 7960 7262 5 , , , 7960 7262 6 was be VBD 7960 7262 7 all all DT 7960 7262 8 but but CC 7960 7262 9 impregnable impregnable JJ 7960 7262 10 . . . 7960 7263 1 Though though IN 7960 7263 2 each each DT 7960 7263 3 new new JJ 7960 7263 4 century century NN 7960 7263 5 brought bring VBD 7960 7263 6 a a DT 7960 7263 7 fresh fresh JJ 7960 7263 8 horde horde NN 7960 7263 9 of of IN 7960 7263 10 enemies enemy NNS 7960 7263 11 , , , 7960 7263 12 it -PRON- PRP 7960 7263 13 resisted resist VBD 7960 7263 14 siege siege NN 7960 7263 15 after after IN 7960 7263 16 siege siege NN 7960 7263 17 and and CC 7960 7263 18 long long RB 7960 7263 19 continued continue VBD 7960 7263 20 to to TO 7960 7263 21 be be VB 7960 7263 22 the the DT 7960 7263 23 capital capital NN 7960 7263 24 of of IN 7960 7263 25 what what WP 7960 7263 26 was be VBD 7960 7263 27 left leave VBN 7960 7263 28 of of IN 7960 7263 29 the the DT 7960 7263 30 Roman Roman NNP 7960 7263 31 Empire Empire NNP 7960 7263 32 . . . 7960 7264 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 7264 2 16 16 CD 7960 7264 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 7264 4 MONUMENTS monument NNS 7960 7264 5 OF of IN 7960 7264 6 CONSTANTINOPLE CONSTANTINOPLE NNP 7960 7264 7 Constantine Constantine NNP 7960 7264 8 had have VBD 7960 7264 9 laid lay VBN 7960 7264 10 out out RP 7960 7264 11 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7264 12 new new JJ 7960 7264 13 city city NN 7960 7264 14 on on IN 7960 7264 15 an an DT 7960 7264 16 imposing impose VBG 7960 7264 17 scale scale NN 7960 7264 18 and and CC 7960 7264 19 adorned adorn VBD 7960 7264 20 it -PRON- PRP 7960 7264 21 with with IN 7960 7264 22 the the DT 7960 7264 23 choicest choice JJS 7960 7264 24 treasures treasure NNS 7960 7264 25 of of IN 7960 7264 26 art art NN 7960 7264 27 from from IN 7960 7264 28 Greece Greece NNP 7960 7264 29 , , , 7960 7264 30 Italy Italy NNP 7960 7264 31 , , , 7960 7264 32 and and CC 7960 7264 33 the the DT 7960 7264 34 Orient Orient NNP 7960 7264 35 . . . 7960 7265 1 Fourteen fourteen CD 7960 7265 2 churches church NNS 7960 7265 3 , , , 7960 7265 4 fourteen fourteen CD 7960 7265 5 palaces palace NNS 7960 7265 6 , , , 7960 7265 7 eight eight CD 7960 7265 8 public public JJ 7960 7265 9 baths bath NNS 7960 7265 10 , , , 7960 7265 11 and and CC 7960 7265 12 several several JJ 7960 7265 13 triumphal triumphal NN 7960 7265 14 arches arch NNS 7960 7265 15 are be VBP 7960 7265 16 assigned assign VBN 7960 7265 17 to to IN 7960 7265 18 the the DT 7960 7265 19 founder founder NN 7960 7265 20 of of IN 7960 7265 21 the the DT 7960 7265 22 city city NN 7960 7265 23 . . . 7960 7266 1 His -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7266 2 most most RBS 7960 7266 3 stately stately JJ 7960 7266 4 building building NN 7960 7266 5 was be VBD 7960 7266 6 the the DT 7960 7266 7 Hippodrome Hippodrome NNP 7960 7266 8 , , , 7960 7266 9 an an DT 7960 7266 10 immense immense JJ 7960 7266 11 structure structure NN 7960 7266 12 devoted devote VBN 7960 7266 13 to to IN 7960 7266 14 chariot chariot NN 7960 7266 15 races race NNS 7960 7266 16 and and CC 7960 7266 17 all all DT 7960 7266 18 sorts sort NNS 7960 7266 19 of of IN 7960 7266 20 popular popular JJ 7960 7266 21 gatherings gathering NNS 7960 7266 22 . . . 7960 7267 1 There there EX 7960 7267 2 new new JJ 7960 7267 3 emperors emperor NNS 7960 7267 4 , , , 7960 7267 5 after after IN 7960 7267 6 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7267 7 consecration consecration NN 7960 7267 8 in in IN 7960 7267 9 Sancta Sancta NNP 7960 7267 10 Sophia Sophia NNP 7960 7267 11 , , , 7960 7267 12 were be VBD 7960 7267 13 greeted greet VBN 7960 7267 14 by by IN 7960 7267 15 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7267 16 subjects subject NNS 7960 7267 17 ; ; : 7960 7267 18 there there EX 7960 7267 19 civic civic JJ 7960 7267 20 festivals festival NNS 7960 7267 21 were be VBD 7960 7267 22 held hold VBN 7960 7267 23 ; ; : 7960 7267 24 and and CC 7960 7267 25 there there RB 7960 7267 26 the the DT 7960 7267 27 last last JJ 7960 7267 28 Roman roman JJ 7960 7267 29 triumphs triumph NNS 7960 7267 30 were be VBD 7960 7267 31 celebrated celebrate VBN 7960 7267 32 . . . 7960 7268 1 Theodosius Theodosius NNP 7960 7268 2 the the DT 7960 7268 3 Great Great NNP 7960 7268 4 built build VBD 7960 7268 5 the the DT 7960 7268 6 principal principal JJ 7960 7268 7 gate gate NN 7960 7268 8 of of IN 7960 7268 9 Constantinople Constantinople NNP 7960 7268 10 , , , 7960 7268 11 the the DT 7960 7268 12 " " `` 7960 7268 13 Golden Golden NNP 7960 7268 14 Gate Gate NNP 7960 7268 15 , , , 7960 7268 16 " " '' 7960 7268 17 as as IN 7960 7268 18 it -PRON- PRP 7960 7268 19 was be VBD 7960 7268 20 called call VBN 7960 7268 21 , , , 7960 7268 22 by by IN 7960 7268 23 which which WDT 7960 7268 24 the the DT 7960 7268 25 emperors emperor NNS 7960 7268 26 made make VBD 7960 7268 27 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7268 28 solemn solemn JJ 7960 7268 29 entry entry NN 7960 7268 30 into into IN 7960 7268 31 the the DT 7960 7268 32 city city NN 7960 7268 33 . . . 7960 7269 1 But but CC 7960 7269 2 it -PRON- PRP 7960 7269 3 was be VBD 7960 7269 4 Justinian Justinian NNP 7960 7269 5 who who WP 7960 7269 6 , , , 7960 7269 7 after after IN 7960 7269 8 Constantine Constantine NNP 7960 7269 9 , , , 7960 7269 10 did do VBD 7960 7269 11 most most RBS 7960 7269 12 to to TO 7960 7269 13 adorn adorn VB 7960 7269 14 the the DT 7960 7269 15 new new JJ 7960 7269 16 capital capital NN 7960 7269 17 by by IN 7960 7269 18 the the DT 7960 7269 19 Bosporus Bosporus NNP 7960 7269 20 . . . 7960 7270 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 7270 2 is be VBZ 7960 7270 3 said say VBN 7960 7270 4 to to TO 7960 7270 5 have have VB 7960 7270 6 erected erect VBN 7960 7270 7 more more JJR 7960 7270 8 than than IN 7960 7270 9 twenty twenty CD 7960 7270 10 - - HYPH 7960 7270 11 five five CD 7960 7270 12 churches church NNS 7960 7270 13 in in IN 7960 7270 14 Constantinople Constantinople NNP 7960 7270 15 and and CC 7960 7270 16 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7270 17 suburbs suburb NNS 7960 7270 18 . . . 7960 7271 1 Of of IN 7960 7271 2 these these DT 7960 7271 3 , , , 7960 7271 4 the the DT 7960 7271 5 most most RBS 7960 7271 6 beautiful beautiful JJ 7960 7271 7 is be VBZ 7960 7271 8 the the DT 7960 7271 9 world world NN 7960 7271 10 - - HYPH 7960 7271 11 famed fame VBN 7960 7271 12 cathedral cathedral NN 7960 7271 13 dedicated dedicate VBN 7960 7271 14 by by IN 7960 7271 15 Justinian Justinian NNP 7960 7271 16 to to IN 7960 7271 17 " " `` 7960 7271 18 Holy Holy NNP 7960 7271 19 Wisdom Wisdom NNP 7960 7271 20 . . . 7960 7271 21 " " '' 7960 7272 1 On on IN 7960 7272 2 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7272 3 completion completion NN 7960 7272 4 the the DT 7960 7272 5 emperor emperor NN 7960 7272 6 declared declare VBD 7960 7272 7 that that IN 7960 7272 8 he -PRON- PRP 7960 7272 9 had have VBD 7960 7272 10 surpassed surpass VBN 7960 7272 11 Solomon Solomon NNP 7960 7272 12 's 's POS 7960 7272 13 Temple Temple NNP 7960 7272 14 . . . 7960 7273 1 Though though IN 7960 7273 2 nearly nearly RB 7960 7273 3 fourteen fourteen CD 7960 7273 4 hundred hundred CD 7960 7273 5 years year NNS 7960 7273 6 old old JJ 7960 7273 7 and and CC 7960 7273 8 now now RB 7960 7273 9 defaced deface VBN 7960 7273 10 by by IN 7960 7273 11 vandal vandal JJ 7960 7273 12 hands hand NNS 7960 7273 13 , , , 7960 7273 14 it -PRON- PRP 7960 7273 15 remains remain VBZ 7960 7273 16 perhaps perhaps RB 7960 7273 17 the the DT 7960 7273 18 supreme supreme JJ 7960 7273 19 achievement achievement NN 7960 7273 20 of of IN 7960 7273 21 Christian christian JJ 7960 7273 22 architecture architecture NN 7960 7273 23 . . . 7960 7274 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 7274 2 Illustration illustration NN 7960 7274 3 : : : 7960 7274 4 SANCTA SANCTA NNP 7960 7274 5 SOPHIA SOPHIA NNP 7960 7274 6 , , , 7960 7274 7 CONSTANTINOPLE CONSTANTINOPLE NNS 7960 7274 8 Built build VBN 7960 7274 9 by by IN 7960 7274 10 Justinian Justinian NNP 7960 7274 11 and and CC 7960 7274 12 dedicated dedicate VBN 7960 7274 13 on on IN 7960 7274 14 Christmas Christmas NNP 7960 7274 15 Day Day NNP 7960 7274 16 , , , 7960 7274 17 538 538 CD 7960 7274 18 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 7275 1 The the DT 7960 7275 2 main main JJ 7960 7275 3 building building NN 7960 7275 4 is be VBZ 7960 7275 5 roofed roof VBN 7960 7275 6 over over RP 7960 7275 7 by by IN 7960 7275 8 a a DT 7960 7275 9 great great JJ 7960 7275 10 central central JJ 7960 7275 11 dome dome NN 7960 7275 12 107 107 CD 7960 7275 13 feet foot NNS 7960 7275 14 in in IN 7960 7275 15 diameter diameter NN 7960 7275 16 and and CC 7960 7275 17 179 179 CD 7960 7275 18 feet foot NNS 7960 7275 19 in in IN 7960 7275 20 height height NN 7960 7275 21 . . . 7960 7276 1 After after IN 7960 7276 2 the the DT 7960 7276 3 Ottoman Ottoman NNP 7960 7276 4 Turks Turks NNPS 7960 7276 5 turned turn VBD 7960 7276 6 the the DT 7960 7276 7 church church NN 7960 7276 8 into into IN 7960 7276 9 a a DT 7960 7276 10 mosque mosque NN 7960 7276 11 , , , 7960 7276 12 a a DT 7960 7276 13 minaret minaret NN 7960 7276 14 was be VBD 7960 7276 15 erected erect VBN 7960 7276 16 at at IN 7960 7276 17 each each DT 7960 7276 18 of of IN 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7280 15 _ _ NNP 7960 7280 16 spina spina NN 7960 7280 17 _ _ NNP 7960 7280 18 , , , 7960 7280 19 which which WDT 7960 7280 20 divided divide VBD 7960 7280 21 the the DT 7960 7280 22 race race NN 7960 7280 23 course course NN 7960 7280 24 and and CC 7960 7280 25 around around IN 7960 7280 26 which which WDT 7960 7280 27 the the DT 7960 7280 28 charioteers charioteer NNS 7960 7280 29 drove drive VBD 7960 7280 30 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7280 31 furious furious JJ 7960 7280 32 steeds steed NNS 7960 7280 33 . . . 7960 7281 1 The the DT 7960 7281 2 obelisk obelisk NN 7960 7281 3 was be VBD 7960 7281 4 transported transport VBN 7960 7281 5 from from IN 7960 7281 6 Egypt Egypt NNP 7960 7281 7 by by IN 7960 7281 8 Constantine Constantine NNP 7960 7281 9 . . . 7960 7282 1 Between between IN 7960 7282 2 it -PRON- PRP 7960 7282 3 and and CC 7960 7282 4 the the DT 7960 7282 5 crumbling crumble VBG 7960 7282 6 tower tower NN 7960 7282 7 beyond beyond IN 7960 7282 8 is be VBZ 7960 7282 9 a a DT 7960 7282 10 pillar pillar NN 7960 7282 11 of of IN 7960 7282 12 three three CD 7960 7282 13 brazen brazen NN 7960 7282 14 serpents serpent NNS 7960 7282 15 , , , 7960 7282 16 originally originally RB 7960 7282 17 set set VBN 7960 7282 18 up up RP 7960 7282 19 at at IN 7960 7282 20 Delphi Delphi NNP 7960 7282 21 by by IN 7960 7282 22 the the DT 7960 7282 23 Greeks Greeks NNPS 7960 7282 24 , , , 7960 7282 25 after after IN 7960 7282 26 the the DT 7960 7282 27 battle battle NN 7960 7282 28 of of IN 7960 7282 29 Plataea Plataea NNP 7960 7282 30 . . . 7960 7283 1 On on IN 7960 7283 2 this this DT 7960 7283 3 trophy trophy NN 7960 7283 4 were be VBD 7960 7283 5 engraved engrave VBN 7960 7283 6 the the DT 7960 7283 7 names name NNS 7960 7283 8 of of IN 7960 7283 9 the the DT 7960 7283 10 various various JJ 7960 7283 11 states state NNS 7960 7283 12 that that WDT 7960 7283 13 sent send VBD 7960 7283 14 soldiers soldier NNS 7960 7283 15 to to TO 7960 7283 16 fight fight VB 7960 7283 17 the the DT 7960 7283 18 Persians Persians NNPS 7960 7283 19 . . . 7960 7283 20 ] ] -RRB- 7960 7284 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 7284 2 Illustration illustration NN 7960 7284 3 : : : 7960 7284 4 Map Map NNP 7960 7284 5 , , , 7960 7284 6 CONSTANTINOPLE CONSTANTINOPLE NNP 7960 7284 7 ] ] -RRB- 7960 7284 8 HISTORIC historic JJ 7960 7284 9 SIGNIFICANCE significance NN 7960 7284 10 OF of IN 7960 7284 11 CONSTANTINOPLE constantinople NN 7960 7284 12 Excepting Excepting NNP 7960 7284 13 Athens Athens NNP 7960 7284 14 and and CC 7960 7284 15 Rome Rome NNP 7960 7284 16 , , , 7960 7284 17 no no DT 7960 7284 18 other other JJ 7960 7284 19 European european JJ 7960 7284 20 city city NN 7960 7284 21 can can MD 7960 7284 22 lay lay VB 7960 7284 23 claim claim NN 7960 7284 24 to to IN 7960 7284 25 so so RB 7960 7284 26 long long RB 7960 7284 27 and and CC 7960 7284 28 so so RB 7960 7284 29 important important JJ 7960 7284 30 a a DT 7960 7284 31 history history NN 7960 7284 32 as as IN 7960 7284 33 Constantinople 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VBD 7960 7287 16 a a DT 7960 7287 17 large large JJ 7960 7287 18 and and CC 7960 7287 19 flourishing flourishing JJ 7960 7287 20 metropolis metropolis NN 7960 7287 21 . . . 7960 7288 1 The the DT 7960 7288 2 renown renown NN 7960 7288 3 of of IN 7960 7288 4 the the DT 7960 7288 5 city city NN 7960 7288 6 penetrated penetrate VBD 7960 7288 7 even even RB 7960 7288 8 into into IN 7960 7288 9 barbarian barbarian JJ 7960 7288 10 lands land NNS 7960 7288 11 . . . 7960 7289 1 The the DT 7960 7289 2 Scandinavians Scandinavians NNPS 7960 7289 3 called call VBD 7960 7289 4 it -PRON- PRP 7960 7289 5 Micklegarth Micklegarth NNP 7960 7289 6 , , , 7960 7289 7 the the DT 7960 7289 8 " " `` 7960 7289 9 Great Great NNP 7960 7289 10 City City NNP 7960 7289 11 " " '' 7960 7289 12 ; ; : 7960 7289 13 the the DT 7960 7289 14 Russians Russians NNPS 7960 7289 15 knew know VBD 7960 7289 16 of of IN 7960 7289 17 it -PRON- PRP 7960 7289 18 as as IN 7960 7289 19 Tsarigrad Tsarigrad NNP 7960 7289 20 , , , 7960 7289 21 the the DT 7960 7289 22 " " `` 7960 7289 23 City City NNP 7960 7289 24 of of IN 7960 7289 25 the the DT 7960 7289 26 Caesars Caesars NNP 7960 7289 27 . . . 7960 7289 28 " " '' 7960 7290 1 But but CC 7960 7290 2 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7290 3 own own JJ 7960 7290 4 people people NNS 7960 7290 5 best well RBS 7960 7290 6 described describe VBD 7960 7290 7 it -PRON- PRP 7960 7290 8 as as IN 7960 7290 9 the the DT 7960 7290 10 " " `` 7960 7290 11 City city NN 7960 7290 12 guarded guard VBN 7960 7290 13 by by IN 7960 7290 14 God God NNP 7960 7290 15 . . . 7960 7290 16 " " '' 7960 7291 1 Here here RB 7960 7291 2 , , , 7960 7291 3 for for IN 7960 7291 4 more more JJR 7960 7291 5 than than IN 7960 7291 6 eleven eleven CD 7960 7291 7 centuries century NNS 7960 7291 8 , , , 7960 7291 9 was be VBD 7960 7291 10 the the DT 7960 7291 11 capital capital NN 7960 7291 12 of of IN 7960 7291 13 the the DT 7960 7291 14 Roman Roman NNP 7960 7291 15 Empire Empire NNP 7960 7291 16 and and CC 7960 7291 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A.D. NNP 7960 7293 14 with with IN 7960 7293 15 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7293 16 area area NN 7960 7293 17 in in IN 7960 7293 18 800 800 CD 7960 7293 19 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 7293 20 ( ( -LRB- 7960 7293 21 maps map NNS 7960 7293 22 between between IN 7960 7293 23 pages page NNS 7960 7293 24 222 222 CD 7960 7293 25 - - SYM 7960 7293 26 223 223 CD 7960 7293 27 and and CC 7960 7293 28 facing face VBG 7960 7293 29 page page NN 7960 7293 30 308 308 CD 7960 7293 31 ) ) -RRB- 7960 7293 32 . . . 7960 7294 1 2 2 LS 7960 7294 2 . . . 7960 7295 1 Compare compare VB 7960 7295 2 the the DT 7960 7295 3 respective respective JJ 7960 7295 4 areas area NNS 7960 7295 5 in in IN 7960 7295 6 800 800 CD 7960 7295 7 A.D. a.d. NN 7960 7295 8 of of IN 7960 7295 9 the the DT 7960 7295 10 Roman Roman NNP 7960 7295 11 Empire Empire NNP 7960 7295 12 in in IN 7960 7295 13 the the DT 7960 7295 14 East East NNP 7960 7295 15 and and CC 7960 7295 16 Charlemagne Charlemagne NNP 7960 7295 17 's 's POS 7960 7295 18 empire empire NN 7960 7295 19 . . . 7960 7296 1 3 3 LS 7960 7296 2 . . . 7960 7297 1 On on IN 7960 7297 2 the the DT 7960 7297 3 map map NN 7960 7297 4 , , , 7960 7297 5 page page NN 7960 7297 6 338 338 CD 7960 7297 7 , , , 7960 7297 8 locate locate VB 7960 7297 9 Adrianople Adrianople NNP 7960 7297 10 , , , 7960 7297 11 Gallipoli Gallipoli NNP 7960 7297 12 , , , 7960 7297 13 Nicaea Nicaea NNP 7960 7297 14 , , , 7960 7297 15 the the DT 7960 7297 16 Bosporus Bosporus NNP 7960 7297 17 , , , 7960 7297 18 Sea Sea NNP 7960 7297 19 of of IN 7960 7297 20 Marmora Marmora NNP 7960 7297 21 , , , 7960 7297 22 and and CC 7960 7297 23 Dardanelles dardanelle NNS 7960 7297 24 . . . 7960 7298 1 4 4 LS 7960 7298 2 . . . 7960 7298 3 Who who WP 7960 7298 4 were be VBD 7960 7298 5 Belisarius Belisarius NNP 7960 7298 6 , , , 7960 7298 7 Chosroes Chosroes NNP 7960 7298 8 II II NNP 7960 7298 9 , , , 7960 7298 10 and and CC 7960 7298 11 Heraclius Heraclius NNP 7960 7298 12 ? ? . 7960 7299 1 5 5 CD 7960 7299 2 . . . 7960 7300 1 In in IN 7960 7300 2 your -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7300 3 opinion opinion NN 7960 7300 4 which which WDT 7960 7300 5 of of IN 7960 7300 6 the the DT 7960 7300 7 two two CD 7960 7300 8 rival rival JJ 7960 7300 9 imperial imperial JJ 7960 7300 10 lines line NNS 7960 7300 11 after after IN 7960 7300 12 800 800 CD 7960 7300 13 A.D. A.D. 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A.D. NNP 7960 7321 14 , , , 7960 7321 15 when when WRB 7960 7321 16 Constantinople Constantinople NNP 7960 7321 17 was be VBD 7960 7321 18 captured capture VBN 7960 7321 19 by by IN 7960 7321 20 the the DT 7960 7321 21 Ottoman Ottoman NNP 7960 7321 22 Turks Turks NNPS 7960 7321 23 . . . 7960 7322 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 7322 2 2 2 LS 7960 7322 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 7322 4 See see VB 7960 7322 5 pages page NNS 7960 7322 6 311 311 CD 7960 7322 7 - - SYM 7960 7322 8 312 312 CD 7960 7322 9 , , , 7960 7322 10 317 317 CD 7960 7322 11 - - SYM 7960 7322 12 318 318 CD 7960 7322 13 . . . 7960 7323 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 7323 2 3 3 LS 7960 7323 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 7323 4 See see VB 7960 7323 5 page page NN 7960 7323 6 245 245 CD 7960 7323 7 . . . 7960 7324 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 7324 2 4 4 LS 7960 7324 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 7324 4 See see VB 7960 7324 5 page page NN 7960 7324 6 300 300 CD 7960 7324 7 . . . 7960 7325 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 7325 2 5 5 LS 7960 7325 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 7325 4 See see VB 7960 7325 5 page page NN 7960 7325 6 244 244 CD 7960 7325 7 . . . 7960 7326 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 7326 2 6 6 CD 7960 7326 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 7326 4 See see VB 7960 7326 5 the the DT 7960 7326 6 map map NN 7960 7326 7 , , , 7960 7326 8 page page NN 7960 7326 9 301 301 CD 7960 7326 10 . . . 7960 7327 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 7327 2 7 7 CD 7960 7327 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 7327 4 Roman roman JJ 7960 7327 5 law law NN 7960 7327 6 still still RB 7960 7327 7 prevails prevail VBZ 7960 7327 8 in in IN 7960 7327 9 the the DT 7960 7327 10 province province NN 7960 7327 11 of of IN 7960 7327 12 Quebec Quebec NNP 7960 7327 13 and and CC 7960 7327 14 the the DT 7960 7327 15 state state NN 7960 7327 16 of of IN 7960 7327 17 Louisiana Louisiana NNP 7960 7327 18 , , , 7960 7327 19 territories territory NNS 7960 7327 20 formerly formerly RB 7960 7327 21 under under IN 7960 7327 22 French french JJ 7960 7327 23 control control NN 7960 7327 24 , , , 7960 7327 25 and and CC 7960 7327 26 in in IN 7960 7327 27 all all PDT 7960 7327 28 the the DT 7960 7327 29 Spanish spanish JJ 7960 7327 30 - - HYPH 7960 7327 31 American american JJ 7960 7327 32 countries country NNS 7960 7327 33 . . . 7960 7328 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 7328 2 8 8 CD 7960 7328 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 7328 4 In in IN 7960 7328 5 Greek Greek NNP 7960 7328 6 , , , 7960 7328 7 _ _ NNP 7960 7328 8 Hagia Hagia NNP 7960 7328 9 Sophia Sophia NNP 7960 7328 10 _ _ NNP 7960 7328 11 , , , 7960 7328 12 " " `` 7960 7328 13 Holy Holy NNP 7960 7328 14 Wisdom Wisdom NNP 7960 7328 15 . . . 7960 7328 16 " " '' 7960 7329 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 7329 2 9 9 CD 7960 7329 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 7329 4 See see VB 7960 7329 5 page page NN 7960 7329 6 302 302 CD 7960 7329 7 . . . 7960 7330 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 7330 2 10 10 CD 7960 7330 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 7330 4 See see VB 7960 7330 5 page page NN 7960 7330 6 219 219 CD 7960 7330 7 . . . 7960 7331 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 7331 2 11 11 CD 7960 7331 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 7331 4 So so RB 7960 7331 5 named name VBN 7960 7331 6 from from IN 7960 7331 7 one one CD 7960 7331 8 of of IN 7960 7331 9 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7331 10 leaders leader NNS 7960 7331 11 . . . 7960 7332 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 7332 2 12 12 CD 7960 7332 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 7332 4 The the DT 7960 7332 5 word word NN 7960 7332 6 _ _ NNP 7960 7332 7 slova slova NNP 7960 7332 8 _ _ NNP 7960 7332 9 means mean VBZ 7960 7332 10 " " `` 7960 7332 11 speech speech NN 7960 7332 12 " " '' 7960 7332 13 ; 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A.D. NNP 7960 7338 4 it -PRON- PRP 7960 7338 5 was be VBD 7960 7338 6 captured capture VBN 7960 7338 7 by by IN 7960 7338 8 the the DT 7960 7338 9 Venetians Venetians NNPS 7960 7338 10 and and CC 7960 7338 11 in in IN 7960 7338 12 1453 1453 CD 7960 7338 13 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 7338 14 , , , 7960 7338 15 by by IN 7960 7338 16 the the DT 7960 7338 17 Ottoman Ottoman NNP 7960 7338 18 Turks Turks NNPS 7960 7338 19 . . . 7960 7339 1 See see VB 7960 7339 2 pages page NNS 7960 7339 3 477 477 CD 7960 7339 4 and and CC 7960 7339 5 492 492 CD 7960 7339 6 . . . 7960 7340 1 CHAPTER chapter NN 7960 7340 2 XV XV NNP 7960 7340 3 THE the DT 7960 7340 4 CHRISTIAN CHRISTIAN NNP 7960 7340 5 CHURCH CHURCH NNS 7960 7340 6 IN in IN 7960 7340 7 THE the DT 7960 7340 8 EAST EAST NNP 7960 7340 9 AND and CC 7960 7340 10 IN in IN 7960 7340 11 THE the DT 7960 7340 12 WEST west NN 7960 7340 13 TO to IN 7960 7340 14 1054 1054 CD 7960 7340 15 A.D. A.D. 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14 it -PRON- PRP 7960 7342 15 spread spread VBD 7960 7342 16 rapidly rapidly RB 7960 7342 17 over over IN 7960 7342 18 the the DT 7960 7342 19 Roman Roman NNP 7960 7342 20 Empire Empire NNP 7960 7342 21 , , , 7960 7342 22 how how WRB 7960 7342 23 it -PRON- PRP 7960 7342 24 engaged engage VBD 7960 7342 25 with with IN 7960 7342 26 the the DT 7960 7342 27 imperial imperial JJ 7960 7342 28 government government NN 7960 7342 29 in in IN 7960 7342 30 the the DT 7960 7342 31 long long JJ 7960 7342 32 conflict conflict NN 7960 7342 33 called call VBN 7960 7342 34 the the DT 7960 7342 35 Persecutions Persecutions NNPS 7960 7342 36 , , , 7960 7342 37 how how WRB 7960 7342 38 the the DT 7960 7342 39 emperor emperor NN 7960 7342 40 Constantine Constantine NNP 7960 7342 41 , , , 7960 7342 42 after after IN 7960 7342 43 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7342 44 conversion conversion NN 7960 7342 45 , , , 7960 7342 46 placed place VBD 7960 7342 47 it -PRON- PRP 7960 7342 48 on on IN 7960 7342 49 an an DT 7960 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the the DT 7960 7351 16 Roman Roman NNP 7960 7351 17 Empire Empire NNP 7960 7351 18 . . . 7960 7352 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 7352 2 2 2 LS 7960 7352 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 7352 4 THE the DT 7960 7352 5 PATRIARCHS PATRIARCHS NNP 7960 7352 6 The the DT 7960 7352 7 development development NN 7960 7352 8 of of IN 7960 7352 9 the the DT 7960 7352 10 patriarchate patriarchate JJ 7960 7352 11 calls call NNS 7960 7352 12 for for IN 7960 7352 13 special special JJ 7960 7352 14 notice notice NN 7960 7352 15 . . . 7960 7353 1 At at IN 7960 7353 2 the the DT 7960 7353 3 time time NN 7960 7353 4 of of IN 7960 7353 5 the the DT 7960 7353 6 Council Council NNP 7960 7353 7 of of IN 7960 7353 8 Nicaea Nicaea NNP 7960 7353 9 [ [ -LRB- 7960 7353 10 3 3 CD 7960 7353 11 ] ] -RRB- 7960 7353 12 there there EX 7960 7353 13 were be VBD 7960 7353 14 three three CD 7960 7353 15 patriarchs patriarch NNS 7960 7353 16 , , , 7960 7353 17 namely namely RB 7960 7353 18 , , , 7960 7353 19 the the DT 7960 7353 20 bishops bishop NNS 7960 7353 21 of of IN 7960 7353 22 Rome Rome NNP 7960 7353 23 , , , 7960 7353 24 Antioch Antioch NNP 7960 7353 25 , , , 7960 7353 26 and and CC 7960 7353 27 Alexandria Alexandria NNP 7960 7353 28 . . . 7960 7354 1 These these DT 7960 7354 2 cities city NNS 7960 7354 3 ranked rank VBD 7960 7354 4 among among IN 7960 7354 5 the the DT 7960 7354 6 most most RBS 7960 7354 7 important important JJ 7960 7354 8 in in IN 7960 7354 9 the the DT 7960 7354 10 Roman roman JJ 7960 7354 11 world world NN 7960 7354 12 . . . 7960 7355 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 7355 2 was be VBD 7960 7355 3 only only RB 7960 7355 4 natural natural JJ 7960 7355 5 , , , 7960 7355 6 therefore therefore RB 7960 7355 7 , , , 7960 7355 8 that that IN 7960 7355 9 the the DT 7960 7355 10 churches church NNS 7960 7355 11 established establish VBN 7960 7355 12 in in IN 7960 7355 13 them -PRON- PRP 7960 7355 14 should should MD 7960 7355 15 be be VB 7960 7355 16 singled single VBN 7960 7355 17 out out RP 7960 7355 18 for for IN 7960 7355 19 preëminence preëminence NN 7960 7355 20 . . . 7960 7356 1 Some some DT 7960 7356 2 years year NNS 7960 7356 3 after after IN 7960 7356 4 the the DT 7960 7356 5 removal removal NN 7960 7356 6 of of IN 7960 7356 7 the the DT 7960 7356 8 capital capital NN 7960 7356 9 to to IN 7960 7356 10 Constantinople Constantinople NNP 7960 7356 11 , , , 7960 7356 12 the the DT 7960 7356 13 bishop bishop NN 7960 7356 14 of of IN 7960 7356 15 that that DT 7960 7356 16 imperial imperial JJ 7960 7356 17 city city NN 7960 7356 18 was be VBD 7960 7356 19 recognized recognize VBN 7960 7356 20 as as IN 7960 7356 21 a a DT 7960 7356 22 patriarch patriarch NN 7960 7356 23 at at IN 7960 7356 24 a a DT 7960 7356 25 general general JJ 7960 7356 26 council council NN 7960 7356 27 of of IN 7960 7356 28 the the DT 7960 7356 29 Church Church NNP 7960 7356 30 . . . 7960 7357 1 In in IN 7960 7357 2 the the DT 7960 7357 3 fifth fifth JJ 7960 7357 4 century century NN 7960 7357 5 the the DT 7960 7357 6 bishop bishop NN 7960 7357 7 of of IN 7960 7357 8 Jerusalem Jerusalem NNP 7960 7357 9 received receive VBD 7960 7357 10 the the DT 7960 7357 11 same same JJ 7960 7357 12 dignity dignity NN 7960 7357 13 . . . 7960 7358 1 Henceforth henceforth RB 7960 7358 2 there there EX 7960 7358 3 were be VBD 7960 7358 4 five five CD 7960 7358 5 patriarchs patriarch NNS 7960 7358 6 -- -- : 7960 7358 7 four four CD 7960 7358 8 in in IN 7960 7358 9 the the DT 7960 7358 10 East East NNP 7960 7358 11 but but CC 7960 7358 12 only only RB 7960 7358 13 one one CD 7960 7358 14 in in IN 7960 7358 15 the the DT 7960 7358 16 West West NNP 7960 7358 17 . . . 7960 7359 1 CLERGY CLERGY NNP 7960 7359 2 AND and CC 7960 7359 3 LAITY laity PDT 7960 7359 4 The the DT 7960 7359 5 Christian Christian NNP 7960 7359 6 Church Church NNP 7960 7359 7 was be VBD 7960 7359 8 a a DT 7960 7359 9 very very RB 7960 7359 10 democratic democratic JJ 7960 7359 11 organization organization NN 7960 7359 12 . . . 7960 7360 1 Patriarchs patriarch NNS 7960 7360 2 , , , 7960 7360 3 archbishops archbishop NNS 7960 7360 4 , , , 7960 7360 5 bishops bishop NNS 7960 7360 6 , , , 7960 7360 7 priests priest NNS 7960 7360 8 , , , 7960 7360 9 and and CC 7960 7360 10 deacons deacon NNS 7960 7360 11 were be VBD 7960 7360 12 drawn draw VBN 7960 7360 13 from from IN 7960 7360 14 all all DT 7960 7360 15 ranks rank NNS 7960 7360 16 of of IN 7960 7360 17 life life NN 7960 7360 18 . . . 7960 7361 1 No no DT 7960 7361 2 special special JJ 7960 7361 3 training training NN 7960 7361 4 at at IN 7960 7361 5 first first RB 7960 7361 6 was be VBD 7960 7361 7 considered consider VBN 7960 7361 8 necessary necessary JJ 7960 7361 9 to to TO 7960 7361 10 fit fit VB 7960 7361 11 them -PRON- PRP 7960 7361 12 for for IN 7960 7361 13 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7361 14 duties duty NNS 7960 7361 15 , , , 7960 7361 16 though though IN 7960 7361 17 the the DT 7960 7361 18 more more RBR 7960 7361 19 celebrated celebrated JJ 7960 7361 20 ministers minister NNS 7960 7361 21 were be VBD 7960 7361 22 often often RB 7960 7361 23 highly highly RB 7960 7361 24 educated educate VBN 7960 7361 25 . . . 7960 7362 1 To to TO 7960 7362 2 eke eke VB 7960 7362 3 out out RP 7960 7362 4 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7362 5 salaries salary NNS 7960 7362 6 the the DT 7960 7362 7 clergy clergy NN 7960 7362 8 sometimes sometimes RB 7960 7362 9 carried carry VBD 7960 7362 10 on on IN 7960 7362 11 business business NN 7960 7362 12 as as IN 7960 7362 13 farmers farmer NNS 7960 7362 14 and and CC 7960 7362 15 shopkeepers shopkeeper NNS 7960 7362 16 . . . 7960 7363 1 Where where WRB 7960 7363 2 , , , 7960 7363 3 however however RB 7960 7363 4 , , , 7960 7363 5 a a DT 7960 7363 6 church church NN 7960 7363 7 had have VBD 7960 7363 8 sufficient sufficient JJ 7960 7363 9 funds fund NNS 7960 7363 10 to to TO 7960 7363 11 support support VB 7960 7363 12 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7363 13 bishop bishop NN 7960 7363 14 , , , 7960 7363 15 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7363 16 engagement engagement NN 7960 7363 17 in in IN 7960 7363 18 secular secular JJ 7960 7363 19 affairs affair NNS 7960 7363 20 was be VBD 7960 7363 21 discouraged discourage VBN 7960 7363 22 and and CC 7960 7363 23 finally finally RB 7960 7363 24 prohibited prohibit VBN 7960 7363 25 . . . 7960 7364 1 In in IN 7960 7364 2 the the DT 7960 7364 3 fourth fourth JJ 7960 7364 4 century century NN 7960 7364 5 , , , 7960 7364 6 as as IN 7960 7364 7 earlier early RBR 7960 7364 8 , , , 7960 7364 9 priests priest NNS 7960 7364 10 and and CC 7960 7364 11 bishops bishop NNS 7960 7364 12 were be VBD 7960 7364 13 generally generally RB 7960 7364 14 married marry VBN 7960 7364 15 men man NNS 7960 7364 16 . . . 7960 7365 1 The the DT 7960 7365 2 sentiment sentiment NN 7960 7365 3 in in IN 7960 7365 4 favor favor NN 7960 7365 5 of of IN 7960 7365 6 celibacy celibacy NN 7960 7365 7 for for IN 7960 7365 8 the the DT 7960 7365 9 clergy clergy NN 7960 7365 10 became become VBD 7960 7365 11 very very RB 7960 7365 12 pronounced pronounced JJ 7960 7365 13 during during IN 7960 7365 14 the the DT 7960 7365 15 early early JJ 7960 7365 16 Middle Middle NNP 7960 7365 17 Ages Ages NNPS 7960 7365 18 , , , 7960 7365 19 especially especially RB 7960 7365 20 in in IN 7960 7365 21 the the DT 7960 7365 22 West West NNP 7960 7365 23 , , , 7960 7365 24 and and CC 7960 7365 25 led lead VBD 7960 7365 26 at at IN 7960 7365 27 length length NN 7960 7365 28 to to IN 7960 7365 29 the the DT 7960 7365 30 general general JJ 7960 7365 31 abandonment abandonment NN 7960 7365 32 of of IN 7960 7365 33 priestly priestly JJ 7960 7365 34 marriage marriage NN 7960 7365 35 in in IN 7960 7365 36 those those DT 7960 7365 37 parts part NNS 7960 7365 38 of of IN 7960 7365 39 Europe Europe NNP 7960 7365 40 where where WRB 7960 7365 41 papal papal JJ 7960 7365 42 influence influence NN 7960 7365 43 prevailed prevail VBD 7960 7365 44 . . . 7960 7366 1 Distinctive distinctive JJ 7960 7366 2 garments garment NNS 7960 7366 3 for for IN 7960 7366 4 clergymen clergyman NNS 7960 7366 5 did do VBD 7960 7366 6 not not RB 7960 7366 7 begin begin VB 7960 7366 8 to to TO 7960 7366 9 come come VB 7960 7366 10 into into IN 7960 7366 11 use use NN 7960 7366 12 until until IN 7960 7366 13 the the DT 7960 7366 14 fifth fifth JJ 7960 7366 15 century century NN 7960 7366 16 , , , 7960 7366 17 when when WRB 7960 7366 18 some some DT 7960 7366 19 of of IN 7960 7366 20 them -PRON- PRP 7960 7366 21 began begin VBD 7960 7366 22 to to TO 7960 7366 23 don don VB 7960 7366 24 clothing clothing NN 7960 7366 25 of of IN 7960 7366 26 a a DT 7960 7366 27 more more RBR 7960 7366 28 sober sober JJ 7960 7366 29 hue hue NN 7960 7366 30 than than IN 7960 7366 31 was be VBD 7960 7366 32 fashionable fashionable JJ 7960 7366 33 at at IN 7960 7366 34 the the DT 7960 7366 35 time time NN 7960 7366 36 . . . 7960 7367 1 Clerical clerical JJ 7960 7367 2 vestments vestment NNS 7960 7367 3 were be VBD 7960 7367 4 developed develop VBN 7960 7367 5 from from IN 7960 7367 6 two two CD 7960 7367 7 pieces piece NNS 7960 7367 8 of of IN 7960 7367 9 ancient ancient JJ 7960 7367 10 Roman roman JJ 7960 7367 11 dress dress NN 7960 7367 12 -- -- : 7960 7367 13 the the DT 7960 7367 14 tunic tunic JJ 7960 7367 15 and and CC 7960 7367 16 the the DT 7960 7367 17 toga toga NN 7960 7367 18 . . . 7960 7368 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 7368 2 4 4 LS 7960 7368 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 7368 4 Thus thus RB 7960 7368 5 the the DT 7960 7368 6 clergy clergy NN 7960 7368 7 were be VBD 7960 7368 8 gradually gradually RB 7960 7368 9 separated separate VBN 7960 7368 10 from from IN 7960 7368 11 the the DT 7960 7368 12 people people NNS 7960 7368 13 , , , 7960 7368 14 or or CC 7960 7368 15 laity laity NN 7960 7368 16 , , , 7960 7368 17 by by IN 7960 7368 18 differences difference NNS 7960 7368 19 in in IN 7960 7368 20 dress dress NN 7960 7368 21 , , , 7960 7368 22 by by IN 7960 7368 23 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7368 24 celibate celibate JJ 7960 7368 25 lives life NNS 7960 7368 26 , , , 7960 7368 27 and and CC 7960 7368 28 by by IN 7960 7368 29 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7368 30 abstention abstention NN 7960 7368 31 from from IN 7960 7368 32 worldly worldly JJ 7960 7368 33 occupations occupation NNS 7960 7368 34 . . . 7960 7369 1 HERESIES heresy NNS 7960 7369 2 While while IN 7960 7369 3 the the DT 7960 7369 4 Church Church NNP 7960 7369 5 was be VBD 7960 7369 6 perfecting perfect VBG 7960 7369 7 her -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7369 8 organization organization NN 7960 7369 9 , , , 7960 7369 10 she -PRON- PRP 7960 7369 11 was be VBD 7960 7369 12 also also RB 7960 7369 13 elaborating elaborate VBG 7960 7369 14 her -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7369 15 doctrines doctrine NNS 7960 7369 16 . . . 7960 7370 1 Theologians theologian NNS 7960 7370 2 engaged engage VBD 7960 7370 3 in in IN 7960 7370 4 many many JJ 7960 7370 5 controversies controversy NNS 7960 7370 6 upon upon IN 7960 7370 7 such such JJ 7960 7370 8 subjects subject NNS 7960 7370 9 as as IN 7960 7370 10 the the DT 7960 7370 11 connection connection NN 7960 7370 12 of of IN 7960 7370 13 Christ Christ NNP 7960 7370 14 with with IN 7960 7370 15 God God NNP 7960 7370 16 and and CC 7960 7370 17 the the DT 7960 7370 18 nature nature NN 7960 7370 19 of of IN 7960 7370 20 the the DT 7960 7370 21 Trinity Trinity NNP 7960 7370 22 . . . 7960 7371 1 In in IN 7960 7371 2 order order NN 7960 7371 3 to to TO 7960 7371 4 obtain obtain VB 7960 7371 5 an an DT 7960 7371 6 authoritative authoritative JJ 7960 7371 7 expression expression NN 7960 7371 8 of of IN 7960 7371 9 Christian christian JJ 7960 7371 10 opinion opinion NN 7960 7371 11 , , , 7960 7371 12 councils council NNS 7960 7371 13 of of IN 7960 7371 14 the the DT 7960 7371 15 higher high JJR 7960 7371 16 clergy clergy NNS 7960 7371 17 were be VBD 7960 7371 18 held hold VBN 7960 7371 19 , , , 7960 7371 20 at at IN 7960 7371 21 which which WDT 7960 7371 22 the the DT 7960 7371 23 opposing oppose VBG 7960 7371 24 views view NNS 7960 7371 25 were be VBD 7960 7371 26 debated debate VBN 7960 7371 27 and and CC 7960 7371 28 a a DT 7960 7371 29 decision decision NN 7960 7371 30 was be VBD 7960 7371 31 reached reach VBN 7960 7371 32 . . . 7960 7372 1 The the DT 7960 7372 2 Council Council NNP 7960 7372 3 of of IN 7960 7372 4 Nicaea Nicaea NNP 7960 7372 5 , , , 7960 7372 6 which which WDT 7960 7372 7 condemned condemn VBD 7960 7372 8 Arianism Arianism NNP 7960 7372 9 , , , 7960 7372 10 formed form VBD 7960 7372 11 the the DT 7960 7372 12 first first JJ 7960 7372 13 , , , 7960 7372 14 and and CC 7960 7372 15 one one CD 7960 7372 16 of of IN 7960 7372 17 the the DT 7960 7372 18 most most RBS 7960 7372 19 important important JJ 7960 7372 20 , , , 7960 7372 21 of of IN 7960 7372 22 these these DT 7960 7372 23 general general JJ 7960 7372 24 gatherings gathering NNS 7960 7372 25 of of IN 7960 7372 26 the the DT 7960 7372 27 Church Church NNP 7960 7372 28 . . . 7960 7373 1 After after IN 7960 7373 2 the the DT 7960 7373 3 Church Church NNP 7960 7373 4 had have VBD 7960 7373 5 once once RB 7960 7373 6 expressed express VBN 7960 7373 7 itself -PRON- PRP 7960 7373 8 on on IN 7960 7373 9 any any DT 7960 7373 10 matter matter NN 7960 7373 11 of of IN 7960 7373 12 Christian christian JJ 7960 7373 13 belief belief NN 7960 7373 14 , , , 7960 7373 15 it -PRON- PRP 7960 7373 16 was be VBD 7960 7373 17 regarded regard VBN 7960 7373 18 as as IN 7960 7373 19 unlawful unlawful JJ 7960 7373 20 to to TO 7960 7373 21 maintain maintain VB 7960 7373 22 a a DT 7960 7373 23 contrary contrary JJ 7960 7373 24 opinion opinion NN 7960 7373 25 . . . 7960 7374 1 Those those DT 7960 7374 2 who who WP 7960 7374 3 did do VBD 7960 7374 4 so so RB 7960 7374 5 were be VBD 7960 7374 6 called call VBN 7960 7374 7 heretics heretic NNS 7960 7374 8 , , , 7960 7374 9 and and CC 7960 7374 10 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7374 11 teachings teaching NNS 7960 7374 12 , , , 7960 7374 13 heresies heresy NNS 7960 7374 14 . . . 7960 7375 1 The the DT 7960 7375 2 emperor emperor NN 7960 7375 3 Theodosius 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, , 7960 7376 11 and and CC 7960 7376 12 threatened threaten VBD 7960 7376 13 them -PRON- PRP 7960 7376 14 with with IN 7960 7376 15 death death NN 7960 7376 16 if if IN 7960 7376 17 they -PRON- PRP 7960 7376 18 persisted persist VBD 7960 7376 19 in in IN 7960 7376 20 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7376 21 peculiar peculiar JJ 7960 7376 22 doctrines doctrine NNS 7960 7376 23 . . . 7960 7377 1 During during IN 7960 7377 2 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7377 3 reign reign NN 7960 7377 4 a a DT 7960 7377 5 Spanish spanish JJ 7960 7377 6 bishop bishop NN 7960 7377 7 and and CC 7960 7377 8 six six CD 7960 7377 9 of of IN 7960 7377 10 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7377 11 partisans partisan NNS 7960 7377 12 were be VBD 7960 7377 13 executed execute VBN 7960 7377 14 for for IN 7960 7377 15 holding hold VBG 7960 7377 16 unorthodox unorthodox JJ 7960 7377 17 beliefs belief NNS 7960 7377 18 . . . 7960 7378 1 This this DT 7960 7378 2 was be VBD 7960 7378 3 the the DT 7960 7378 4 beginning beginning NN 7960 7378 5 of of IN 7960 7378 6 the the DT 7960 7378 7 persecutions persecution NNS 7960 7378 8 for for IN 7960 7378 9 heresy heresy NN 7960 7378 10 . . . 7960 7379 1 WORSHIP worship VB 7960 7379 2 As as RB 7960 7379 3 soon soon RB 7960 7379 4 as as IN 7960 7379 5 Christianity Christianity NNP 7960 7379 6 had have VBD 7960 7379 7 triumphed triumph VBN 7960 7379 8 in in IN 7960 7379 9 the the DT 7960 7379 10 Roman Roman NNP 7960 7379 11 Empire Empire NNP 7960 7379 12 , , , 7960 7379 13 thus thus RB 7960 7379 14 becoming become VBG 7960 7379 15 the the DT 7960 7379 16 religion religion NN 7960 7379 17 of of IN 7960 7379 18 the the DT 7960 7379 19 rich rich JJ 7960 7379 20 and and CC 7960 7379 21 powerful powerful JJ 7960 7379 22 as as RB 7960 7379 23 well well RB 7960 7379 24 as as IN 7960 7379 25 the the DT 7960 7379 26 religion religion NN 7960 7379 27 of of IN 7960 7379 28 the the DT 7960 7379 29 poor poor JJ 7960 7379 30 and and CC 7960 7379 31 lowly lowly JJ 7960 7379 32 , , , 7960 7379 33 more more JJR 7960 7379 34 attention attention NN 7960 7379 35 was be VBD 7960 7379 36 devoted devoted JJ 7960 7379 37 to to IN 7960 7379 38 the the DT 7960 7379 39 conduct conduct NN 7960 7379 40 of of IN 7960 7379 41 worship worship NN 7960 7379 42 . . . 7960 7380 1 Magnificent magnificent JJ 7960 7380 2 church church NN 7960 7380 3 buildings building NNS 7960 7380 4 were be VBD 7960 7380 5 often often RB 7960 7380 6 erected erect VBN 7960 7380 7 . . . 7960 7381 1 Their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7381 2 architects architect NNS 7960 7381 3 seem seem VBP 7960 7381 4 to to TO 7960 7381 5 have have VB 7960 7381 6 followed follow VBN 7960 7381 7 as as IN 7960 7381 8 models model NNS 7960 7381 9 the the DT 7960 7381 10 basilicas basilicas NN 7960 7381 11 , , , 7960 7381 12 or or CC 7960 7381 13 public public JJ 7960 7381 14 halls hall NNS 7960 7381 15 , , , 7960 7381 16 which which WDT 7960 7381 17 formed form VBD 7960 7381 18 so so RB 7960 7381 19 familiar familiar JJ 7960 7381 20 a a DT 7960 7381 21 sight sight NN 7960 7381 22 in in IN 7960 7381 23 Roman roman JJ 7960 7381 24 cities city NNS 7960 7381 25 . . . 7960 7382 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 7382 2 6 6 CD 7960 7382 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 7382 4 Church church NN 7960 7382 5 interiors interior NNS 7960 7382 6 were be VBD 7960 7382 7 adorned adorn VBN 7960 7382 8 with with IN 7960 7382 9 paintings painting NNS 7960 7382 10 , , , 7960 7382 11 mosaic mosaic JJ 7960 7382 12 pictures picture NNS 7960 7382 13 , , , 7960 7382 14 images image NNS 7960 7382 15 of of IN 7960 7382 16 saints saint NNS 7960 7382 17 and and CC 7960 7382 18 martyrs martyr NNS 7960 7382 19 , , , 7960 7382 20 and and CC 7960 7382 21 the the DT 7960 7382 22 figure figure NN 7960 7382 23 of of IN 7960 7382 24 the the DT 7960 7382 25 cross cross NN 7960 7382 26 . . . 7960 7383 1 Lighted light VBN 7960 7383 2 candles candle NNS 7960 7383 3 on on IN 7960 7383 4 the the DT 7960 7383 5 altars altar NNS 7960 7383 6 and and CC 7960 7383 7 the the DT 7960 7383 8 burning burning NN 7960 7383 9 of of IN 7960 7383 10 fragrant fragrant JJ 7960 7383 11 incense incense NN 7960 7383 12 lent lend VBD 7960 7383 13 an an DT 7960 7383 14 additional additional JJ 7960 7383 15 impressiveness impressiveness NN 7960 7383 16 to to TO 7960 7383 17 worship worship VB 7960 7383 18 . . . 7960 7384 1 Beautiful beautiful JJ 7960 7384 2 prayers prayer NNS 7960 7384 3 and and CC 7960 7384 4 hymns hymn NNS 7960 7384 5 were be VBD 7960 7384 6 composed compose VBN 7960 7384 7 . . . 7960 7385 1 Some some DT 7960 7385 2 of of IN 7960 7385 3 the the DT 7960 7385 4 early early JJ 7960 7385 5 Christian christian JJ 7960 7385 6 hymns hymn NNS 7960 7385 7 , , , 7960 7385 8 such such JJ 7960 7385 9 as as IN 7960 7385 10 the the DT 7960 7385 11 _ _ NNP 7960 7385 12 Gloria Gloria NNP 7960 7385 13 in in IN 7960 7385 14 Excelsis Excelsis NNP 7960 7385 15 _ _ NNP 7960 7385 16 and and CC 7960 7385 17 the the DT 7960 7385 18 _ _ NNP 7960 7385 19 Te Te NNP 7960 7385 20 Deum Deum NNP 7960 7385 21 Laudamus Laudamus NNP 7960 7385 22 _ _ NNP 7960 7385 23 , , , 7960 7385 24 are be VBP 7960 7385 25 still still RB 7960 7385 26 sung sung JJ 7960 7385 27 in in IN 7960 7385 28 our -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7385 29 churches church NNS 7960 7385 30 . . . 7960 7386 1 Organs organ NNS 7960 7386 2 did do VBD 7960 7386 3 not not RB 7960 7386 4 come come VB 7960 7386 5 into into IN 7960 7386 6 use use NN 7960 7386 7 until until IN 7960 7386 8 the the DT 7960 7386 9 seventh seventh JJ 7960 7386 10 century century NN 7960 7386 11 , , , 7960 7386 12 and and CC 7960 7386 13 then then RB 7960 7386 14 only only RB 7960 7386 15 in in IN 7960 7386 16 the the DT 7960 7386 17 West West NNP 7960 7386 18 , , , 7960 7386 19 but but CC 7960 7386 20 church church NN 7960 7386 21 bells bell NNS 7960 7386 22 , , , 7960 7386 23 summoning summon VBG 7960 7386 24 the the DT 7960 7386 25 worshiper worshiper NN 7960 7386 26 to to IN 7960 7386 27 divine divine JJ 7960 7386 28 service service NN 7960 7386 29 , , , 7960 7386 30 early early RB 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from IN 7960 7389 5 the the DT 7960 7389 6 start start NN 7960 7389 7 appear appear VBP 7960 7389 8 to to TO 7960 7389 9 have have VB 7960 7389 10 observed observe VBN 7960 7389 11 " " `` 7960 7389 12 the the DT 7960 7389 13 first first JJ 7960 7389 14 day day NN 7960 7389 15 of of IN 7960 7389 16 the the DT 7960 7389 17 week week NN 7960 7389 18 " " '' 7960 7389 19 [ [ -LRB- 7960 7389 20 7 7 CD 7960 7389 21 ] ] -RRB- 7960 7389 22 in in IN 7960 7389 23 memory memory NN 7960 7389 24 of of IN 7960 7389 25 Christ Christ NNP 7960 7389 26 's 's POS 7960 7389 27 resurrection resurrection NN 7960 7389 28 . . . 7960 7390 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 7390 2 attended attend VBD 7960 7390 3 public public JJ 7960 7390 4 worship worship NN 7960 7390 5 on on IN 7960 7390 6 the the DT 7960 7390 7 Lord Lord NNP 7960 7390 8 's 's POS 7960 7390 9 Day Day NNP 7960 7390 10 , , , 7960 7390 11 but but CC 7960 7390 12 otherwise otherwise RB 7960 7390 13 did do VBD 7960 7390 14 not not RB 7960 7390 15 rigidly 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7960 7392 2 long long RB 7960 7392 3 continued continue VBD 7960 7392 4 to to TO 7960 7392 5 be be VB 7960 7392 6 marked mark VBN 7960 7392 7 by by IN 7960 7392 8 religious religious JJ 7960 7392 9 assemblies assembly NNS 7960 7392 10 and and CC 7960 7392 11 feasting feast VBG 7960 7392 12 , , , 7960 7392 13 though though IN 7960 7392 14 not not RB 7960 7392 15 by by IN 7960 7392 16 any any DT 7960 7392 17 compulsory compulsory JJ 7960 7392 18 cessation cessation NN 7960 7392 19 of of IN 7960 7392 20 the the DT 7960 7392 21 ordinary ordinary JJ 7960 7392 22 occupations occupation NNS 7960 7392 23 . . . 7960 7393 1 During during IN 7960 7393 2 the the DT 7960 7393 3 fourth fourth JJ 7960 7393 4 century century NN 7960 7393 5 Sunday Sunday NNP 7960 7393 6 , , , 7960 7393 7 as as IN 7960 7393 8 the the DT 7960 7393 9 Lord Lord NNP 7960 7393 10 's 's POS 7960 7393 11 Day Day NNP 7960 7393 12 was be VBD 7960 7393 13 now now RB 7960 7393 14 generally generally RB 7960 7393 15 called call VBN 7960 7393 16 , , , 7960 7393 17 came come VBD 7960 7393 18 more more RBR 7960 7393 19 and and CC 7960 7393 20 more more RBR 7960 7393 21 to to TO 7960 7393 22 be be VB 7960 7393 23 kept keep VBN 7960 7393 24 as as IN 7960 7393 25 a a DT 7960 7393 26 day day NN 7960 7393 27 of of IN 7960 7393 28 obligatory obligatory JJ 7960 7393 29 rest rest NN 7960 7393 30 . . . 7960 7394 1 Constantine Constantine NNP 7960 7394 2 's 's POS 7960 7394 3 Sunday Sunday NNP 7960 7394 4 law law NN 7960 7394 5 [ [ -LRB- 7960 7394 6 8 8 CD 7960 7394 7 ] ] -RRB- 7960 7394 8 formed form VBD 7960 7394 9 the the DT 7960 7394 10 first first JJ 7960 7394 11 of of IN 7960 7394 12 a a DT 7960 7394 13 long long JJ 7960 7394 14 series series NN 7960 7394 15 of of IN 7960 7394 16 imperial imperial JJ 7960 7394 17 edicts edict NNS 7960 7394 18 imposing impose VBG 7960 7394 19 the the DT 7960 7394 20 observance observance NN 7960 7394 21 of of IN 7960 7394 22 that that DT 7960 7394 23 day day NN 7960 7394 24 as as IN 7960 7394 25 a a DT 7960 7394 26 legal legal JJ 7960 7394 27 duty duty NN 7960 7394 28 . . . 7960 7395 1 In in IN 7960 7395 2 this this DT 7960 7395 3 manner manner NN 7960 7395 4 Sunday Sunday NNP 7960 7395 5 , , , 7960 7395 6 like like IN 7960 7395 7 the the DT 7960 7395 8 Jewish jewish JJ 7960 7395 9 Sabbath Sabbath NNP 7960 7395 10 on on IN 7960 7395 11 the the DT 7960 7395 12 seventh seventh JJ 7960 7395 13 day day NN 7960 7395 14 of of IN 7960 7395 15 the the DT 7960 7395 16 week week NN 7960 7395 17 , , , 7960 7395 18 was be VBD 7960 7395 19 dedicated dedicate VBN 7960 7395 20 wholly wholly RB 7960 7395 21 to to IN 7960 7395 22 the the DT 7960 7395 23 exercises exercise NNS 7960 7395 24 of of IN 7960 7395 25 religion religion NN 7960 7395 26 . . . 7960 7396 1 FESTIVALS FESTIVALS NNP 7960 7396 2 The the DT 7960 7396 3 great great JJ 7960 7396 4 yearly yearly JJ 7960 7396 5 festivals festival NNS 7960 7396 6 of of IN 7960 7396 7 the the DT 7960 7396 8 Church Church NNP 7960 7396 9 gradually gradually RB 7960 7396 10 took take VBD 7960 7396 11 shape shape NN 7960 7396 12 during during IN 7960 7396 13 the the DT 7960 7396 14 early early JJ 7960 7396 15 Christian christian JJ 7960 7396 16 centuries century NNS 7960 7396 17 . . . 7960 7397 1 The the DT 7960 7397 2 most most RBS 7960 7397 3 important important JJ 7960 7397 4 anniversary anniversary NN 7960 7397 5 to to TO 7960 7397 6 be be VB 7960 7397 7 observed observe VBN 7960 7397 8 was be VBD 7960 7397 9 Easter Easter NNP 7960 7397 10 , , , 7960 7397 11 in in IN 7960 7397 12 memory memory NN 7960 7397 13 of of IN 7960 7397 14 the the DT 7960 7397 15 resurrection resurrection NN 7960 7397 16 of of IN 7960 7397 17 Christ Christ NNP 7960 7397 18 . . . 7960 7398 1 A a DT 7960 7398 2 period period NN 7960 7398 3 of of IN 7960 7398 4 fasting fast VBG 7960 7398 5 ( ( -LRB- 7960 7398 6 Lent Lent NNP 7960 7398 7 ) ) -RRB- 7960 7398 8 , , , 7960 7398 9 which which WDT 7960 7398 10 finally finally RB 7960 7398 11 lasted last VBD 7960 7398 12 forty forty CD 7960 7398 13 days day NNS 7960 7398 14 , , , 7960 7398 15 preceded precede VBD 7960 7398 16 the the DT 7960 7398 17 festival festival NN 7960 7398 18 . . . 7960 7399 1 Whitsunday Whitsunday NNP 7960 7399 2 , , , 7960 7399 3 or or CC 7960 7399 4 Pentecost Pentecost NNP 7960 7399 5 , , , 7960 7399 6 was be VBD 7960 7399 7 celebrated celebrate VBN 7960 7399 8 on on IN 7960 7399 9 the the DT 7960 7399 10 fiftieth fiftieth JJ 7960 7399 11 day day NN 7960 7399 12 after after IN 7960 7399 13 Easter Easter NNP 7960 7399 14 . . . 7960 7400 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 7400 2 9 9 CD 7960 7400 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 7400 4 Two two CD 7960 7400 5 other other JJ 7960 7400 6 festivals festival NNS 7960 7400 7 of of IN 7960 7400 8 later late JJR 7960 7400 9 adoption adoption NN 7960 7400 10 were be VBD 7960 7400 11 Christmas Christmas NNP 7960 7400 12 , , , 7960 7400 13 the the DT 7960 7400 14 celebration celebration NN 7960 7400 15 of of IN 7960 7400 16 which which WDT 7960 7400 17 was be VBD 7960 7400 18 finally finally RB 7960 7400 19 assigned assign VBN 7960 7400 20 to to IN 7960 7400 21 the the DT 7960 7400 22 25th 25th NN 7960 7400 23 of of IN 7960 7400 24 December December NNP 7960 7400 25 , , , 7960 7400 26 [ [ -LRB- 7960 7400 27 10 10 CD 7960 7400 28 ] ] -RRB- 7960 7400 29 and and CC 7960 7400 30 Epiphany Epiphany NNP 7960 7400 31 ( ( -LRB- 7960 7400 32 January January NNP 7960 7400 33 6 6 CD 7960 7400 34 ) ) -RRB- 7960 7400 35 , , , 7960 7400 36 commemorating commemorate VBG 7960 7400 37 the the DT 7960 7400 38 baptism baptism NN 7960 7400 39 of of IN 7960 7400 40 Christ Christ NNP 7960 7400 41 . . . 7960 7401 1 In in IN 7960 7401 2 course course NN 7960 7401 3 of of IN 7960 7401 4 time time NN 7960 7401 5 many many JJ 7960 7401 6 other other JJ 7960 7401 7 feasts feast NNS 7960 7401 8 and and CC 7960 7401 9 fasts fast NNS 7960 7401 10 , , , 7960 7401 11 together together RB 7960 7401 12 with with IN 7960 7401 13 numerous numerous JJ 7960 7401 14 saints saint NNS 7960 7401 15 ' ' POS 7960 7401 16 days day NNS 7960 7401 17 , , , 7960 7401 18 were be VBD 7960 7401 19 added add VBN 7960 7401 20 to to IN 7960 7401 21 the the DT 7960 7401 22 calendar calendar NN 7960 7401 23 of of IN 7960 7401 24 the the DT 7960 7401 25 " " `` 7960 7401 26 Christian Christian NNP 7960 7401 27 Year Year NNP 7960 7401 28 . . . 7960 7401 29 " " '' 7960 7402 1 121 121 CD 7960 7402 2 . . . 7960 7403 1 EASTERN EASTERN NNP 7960 7403 2 CHRISTIANITY CHRISTIANITY NNP 7960 7403 3 EXPANSION expansion NN 7960 7403 4 OF of IN 7960 7403 5 CHRISTIANITY CHRISTIANITY NNP 7960 7403 6 IN in IN 7960 7403 7 THE the DT 7960 7403 8 EAST EAST NNP 7960 7403 9 By by IN 7960 7403 10 the the DT 7960 7403 11 time time NN 7960 7403 12 of of IN 7960 7403 13 Constantine Constantine NNP 7960 7403 14 , , , 7960 7403 15 Christianity Christianity NNP 7960 7403 16 had have VBD 7960 7403 17 spread spread VBN 7960 7403 18 widely widely RB 7960 7403 19 throughout throughout IN 7960 7403 20 the the DT 7960 7403 21 eastern eastern JJ 7960 7403 22 half half NN 7960 7403 23 of of IN 7960 7403 24 the the DT 7960 7403 25 Roman Roman NNP 7960 7403 26 Empire Empire NNP 7960 7403 27 . . . 7960 7404 1 Asia Asia NNP 7960 7404 2 Minor Minor NNP 7960 7404 3 was be VBD 7960 7404 4 then then RB 7960 7404 5 largely largely RB 7960 7404 6 Christian christian JJ 7960 7404 7 . . . 7960 7405 1 Thrace Thrace NNP 7960 7405 2 , , , 7960 7405 3 Macedonia Macedonia NNP 7960 7405 4 , , , 7960 7405 5 Epirus Epirus NNP 7960 7405 6 , , , 7960 7405 7 and and CC 7960 7405 8 Greece Greece NNP 7960 7405 9 were be VBD 7960 7405 10 all all DT 7960 7405 11 ecclesiastical ecclesiastical JJ 7960 7405 12 provinces province NNS 7960 7405 13 with with IN 7960 7405 14 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7405 15 own own JJ 7960 7405 16 metropolitans metropolitan NNS 7960 7405 17 . . . 7960 7406 1 Many many JJ 7960 7406 2 Christians Christians NNPS 7960 7406 3 were be VBD 7960 7406 4 found find VBN 7960 7406 5 in in IN 7960 7406 6 Syria Syria NNP 7960 7406 7 and and CC 7960 7406 8 Egypt Egypt NNP 7960 7406 9 . . . 7960 7407 1 Churches church NNS 7960 7407 2 also also RB 7960 7407 3 existed exist VBD 7960 7407 4 in in IN 7960 7407 5 Mesopotamia Mesopotamia NNP 7960 7407 6 and and CC 7960 7407 7 Arabia Arabia NNP 7960 7407 8 , , , 7960 7407 9 and and CC 7960 7407 10 even even RB 7960 7407 11 beyond beyond IN 7960 7407 12 the the DT 7960 7407 13 boundaries boundary NNS 7960 7407 14 of of IN 7960 7407 15 the the DT 7960 7407 16 empire empire NN 7960 7407 17 in in IN 7960 7407 18 Armenia Armenia NNP 7960 7407 19 and and CC 7960 7407 20 Persia Persia NNP 7960 7407 21 . . . 7960 7408 1 Between between IN 7960 7408 2 the the DT 7960 7408 3 time time NN 7960 7408 4 of of IN 7960 7408 5 Constantine Constantine NNP 7960 7408 6 and and CC 7960 7408 7 that that DT 7960 7408 8 of of IN 7960 7408 9 Justinian Justinian NNP 7960 7408 10 , , , 7960 7408 11 Christianity Christianity NNP 7960 7408 12 continued continue VBD 7960 7408 13 to to TO 7960 7408 14 expand expand VB 7960 7408 15 in in IN 7960 7408 16 the the DT 7960 7408 17 East East NNP 7960 7408 18 , , , 7960 7408 19 until until IN 7960 7408 20 the the DT 7960 7408 21 gospel gospel NN 7960 7408 22 had have VBD 7960 7408 23 been be VBN 7960 7408 24 carried carry VBN 7960 7408 25 to to IN 7960 7408 26 such such JJ 7960 7408 27 distant distant JJ 7960 7408 28 regions region NNS 7960 7408 29 as as IN 7960 7408 30 Abyssinia Abyssinia NNP 7960 7408 31 and and CC 7960 7408 32 India India NNP 7960 7408 33 . . . 7960 7409 1 UNION union NN 7960 7409 2 OF of IN 7960 7409 3 CHURCH church NN 7960 7409 4 AND and CC 7960 7409 5 STATE state NN 7960 7409 6 Most Most JJS 7960 7409 7 of of IN 7960 7409 8 the the DT 7960 7409 9 Christian christian JJ 7960 7409 10 communities community NNS 7960 7409 11 in in IN 7960 7409 12 the the DT 7960 7409 13 Orient Orient NNP 7960 7409 14 owed owe VBN 7960 7409 15 allegiance allegiance NN 7960 7409 16 to to IN 7960 7409 17 the the DT 7960 7409 18 patriarchs patriarch NNS 7960 7409 19 of of IN 7960 7409 20 Constantinople Constantinople NNP 7960 7409 21 , , , 7960 7409 22 Jerusalem Jerusalem NNP 7960 7409 23 , , , 7960 7409 24 Antioch Antioch NNP 7960 7409 25 , , , 7960 7409 26 and and CC 7960 7409 27 Alexandria Alexandria NNP 7960 7409 28 . . . 7960 7410 1 The the DT 7960 7410 2 Roman roman JJ 7960 7410 3 emperor emperor NN 7960 7410 4 , , , 7960 7410 5 however however RB 7960 7410 6 , , , 7960 7410 7 was be VBD 7960 7410 8 the the DT 7960 7410 9 supreme supreme JJ 7960 7410 10 religious religious JJ 7960 7410 11 authority authority NN 7960 7410 12 in in IN 7960 7410 13 the the DT 7960 7410 14 East East NNP 7960 7410 15 . . . 7960 7411 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 7411 2 felt feel VBD 7960 7411 3 it -PRON- PRP 7960 7411 4 as as RB 7960 7411 5 much much JJ 7960 7411 6 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7411 7 duty duty NN 7960 7411 8 to to TO 7960 7411 9 maintain maintain VB 7960 7411 10 the the DT 7960 7411 11 doctrines doctrine NNS 7960 7411 12 and and CC 7960 7411 13 organization organization NN 7960 7411 14 of of IN 7960 7411 15 Christianity Christianity NNP 7960 7411 16 as as IN 7960 7411 17 to to TO 7960 7411 18 preserve preserve VB 7960 7411 19 the the DT 7960 7411 20 imperial imperial JJ 7960 7411 21 dominions dominion NNS 7960 7411 22 against against IN 7960 7411 23 foreign foreign JJ 7960 7411 24 foes foe NNS 7960 7411 25 . . . 7960 7412 1 Since since IN 7960 7412 2 he -PRON- PRP 7960 7412 3 presided preside VBD 7960 7412 4 over over IN 7960 7412 5 the the DT 7960 7412 6 Church Church NNP 7960 7412 7 , , , 7960 7412 8 there there EX 7960 7412 9 could could MD 7960 7412 10 be be VB 7960 7412 11 no no DT 7960 7412 12 real real JJ 7960 7412 13 independence independence NN 7960 7412 14 for for IN 7960 7412 15 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7412 16 officers officer NNS 7960 7412 17 . . . 7960 7413 1 Bishops bishop NNS 7960 7413 2 , , , 7960 7413 3 metropolitans metropolitan NNS 7960 7413 4 , , , 7960 7413 5 and and CC 7960 7413 6 patriarchs patriarch NNS 7960 7413 7 were be VBD 7960 7413 8 in in IN 7960 7413 9 every every DT 7960 7413 10 respect respect NN 7960 7413 11 subordinate subordinate JJ 7960 7413 12 to to IN 7960 7413 13 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7413 14 will will NN 7960 7413 15 . . . 7960 7414 1 This this DT 7960 7414 2 union union NN 7960 7414 3 of of IN 7960 7414 4 Church Church NNP 7960 7414 5 and and CC 7960 7414 6 State State NNP 7960 7414 7 formed form VBD 7960 7414 8 one one CD 7960 7414 9 of of IN 7960 7414 10 the the DT 7960 7414 11 most most RBS 7960 7414 12 characteristic characteristic JJ 7960 7414 13 features feature NNS 7960 7414 14 of of IN 7960 7414 15 Christianity Christianity NNP 7960 7414 16 in in IN 7960 7414 17 the the DT 7960 7414 18 East East NNP 7960 7414 19 . . . 7960 7415 1 THEOLOGICAL THEOLOGICAL NNP 7960 7415 2 DISPUTES dispute NNS 7960 7415 3 ; ; : 7960 7415 4 HERESIES heresy NNS 7960 7415 5 Eastern eastern JJ 7960 7415 6 Christians Christians NNPS 7960 7415 7 , , , 7960 7415 8 far far RB 7960 7415 9 more more JJR 7960 7415 10 than than IN 7960 7415 11 those those DT 7960 7415 12 in in IN 7960 7415 13 the the DT 7960 7415 14 West West NNP 7960 7415 15 , , , 7960 7415 16 devoted devote VBD 7960 7415 17 themselves -PRON- PRP 7960 7415 18 to to IN 7960 7415 19 theological theological JJ 7960 7415 20 speculations speculation NNS 7960 7415 21 . . . 7960 7416 1 Constantinople Constantinople NNP 7960 7416 2 and and CC 7960 7416 3 the the DT 7960 7416 4 great great JJ 7960 7416 5 Hellenistic hellenistic JJ 7960 7416 6 cities city NNS 7960 7416 7 of of IN 7960 7416 8 Antioch Antioch NNP 7960 7416 9 and and CC 7960 7416 10 Alexandria Alexandria NNP 7960 7416 11 contained contain VBD 7960 7416 12 many many JJ 7960 7416 13 learned learn VBN 7960 7416 14 scholars scholar NNS 7960 7416 15 who who WP 7960 7416 16 had have VBD 7960 7416 17 prolonged prolong VBN 7960 7416 18 and and CC 7960 7416 19 heated heated JJ 7960 7416 20 arguments argument NNS 7960 7416 21 over over IN 7960 7416 22 subtle subtle JJ 7960 7416 23 questions question NNS 7960 7416 24 of of IN 7960 7416 25 belief belief NN 7960 7416 26 . . . 7960 7417 1 After after IN 7960 7417 2 the the DT 7960 7417 3 Arian arian JJ 7960 7417 4 controversy controversy NN 7960 7417 5 had have VBD 7960 7417 6 been be VBN 7960 7417 7 settled settle VBN 7960 7417 8 in in IN 7960 7417 9 the the DT 7960 7417 10 fourth fourth JJ 7960 7417 11 century century NN 7960 7417 12 , , , 7960 7417 13 other other JJ 7960 7417 14 disputes dispute NNS 7960 7417 15 concerning concern VBG 7960 7417 16 the the DT 7960 7417 17 true true JJ 7960 7417 18 nature nature NN 7960 7417 19 of of IN 7960 7417 20 Christ Christ NNP 7960 7417 21 broke break VBD 7960 7417 22 out out RP 7960 7417 23 . . . 7960 7418 1 These these DT 7960 7418 2 gave give VBD 7960 7418 3 rise rise NN 7960 7418 4 to to IN 7960 7418 5 many many JJ 7960 7418 6 heresies heresy NNS 7960 7418 7 . . . 7960 7419 1 NESTORIANISM NESTORIANISM NNP 7960 7419 2 The the DT 7960 7419 3 heresy heresy NN 7960 7419 4 known know VBN 7960 7419 5 as as IN 7960 7419 6 Nestorianism Nestorianism NNP 7960 7419 7 , , , 7960 7419 8 from from IN 7960 7419 9 Nestorius Nestorius NNP 7960 7419 10 , , , 7960 7419 11 a a DT 7960 7419 12 patriarch patriarch NN 7960 7419 13 of of IN 7960 7419 14 Constantinople Constantinople NNP 7960 7419 15 , , , 7960 7419 16 spread spread VBN 7960 7419 17 widely widely RB 7960 7419 18 in in IN 7960 7419 19 the the DT 7960 7419 20 East East NNP 7960 7419 21 . . . 7960 7420 1 Nestorian nestorian JJ 7960 7420 2 missionaries missionary NNS 7960 7420 3 even even RB 7960 7420 4 penetrated penetrate VBD 7960 7420 5 to to IN 7960 7420 6 India India NNP 7960 7420 7 , , , 7960 7420 8 China China NNP 7960 7420 9 , , , 7960 7420 10 and and CC 7960 7420 11 Mongolia Mongolia NNP 7960 7420 12 . . . 7960 7421 1 The the DT 7960 7421 2 churches church NNS 7960 7421 3 which which WDT 7960 7421 4 they -PRON- PRP 7960 7421 5 established establish VBD 7960 7421 6 were be VBD 7960 7421 7 numerous numerous JJ 7960 7421 8 and and CC 7960 7421 9 influential influential JJ 7960 7421 10 during during IN 7960 7421 11 the the DT 7960 7421 12 Middle Middle NNP 7960 7421 13 Ages Ages NNPS 7960 7421 14 , , , 7960 7421 15 but but CC 7960 7421 16 since since IN 7960 7421 17 then then RB 7960 7421 18 most most JJS 7960 7421 19 of of IN 7960 7421 20 them -PRON- PRP 7960 7421 21 have have VBP 7960 7421 22 been be VBN 7960 7421 23 destroyed destroy VBN 7960 7421 24 by by IN 7960 7421 25 the the DT 7960 7421 26 Mohammedans Mohammedans NNPS 7960 7421 27 . . . 7960 7422 1 Members member NNS 7960 7422 2 of of IN 7960 7422 3 this this DT 7960 7422 4 sect sect NN 7960 7422 5 are be VBP 7960 7422 6 still still RB 7960 7422 7 to to TO 7960 7422 8 be be VB 7960 7422 9 found find VBN 7960 7422 10 , , , 7960 7422 11 however however RB 7960 7422 12 , , , 7960 7422 13 in in IN 7960 7422 14 eastern eastern JJ 7960 7422 15 lands land NNS 7960 7422 16 . . . 7960 7423 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 7423 2 11 11 CD 7960 7423 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 7423 4 [ [ -LRB- 7960 7423 5 Illustration illustration NN 7960 7423 6 : : : 7960 7423 7 THE the DT 7960 7423 8 NESTORIAN nestorian NN 7960 7423 9 MONUMENT MONUMENT NNP 7960 7423 10 Evidence evidence NN 7960 7423 11 of of IN 7960 7423 12 Nestorian nestorian JJ 7960 7423 13 missions mission NNS 7960 7423 14 in in IN 7960 7423 15 China China NNP 7960 7423 16 is be VBZ 7960 7423 17 afforded afford VBN 7960 7423 18 by by IN 7960 7423 19 the the DT 7960 7423 20 famous famous JJ 7960 7423 21 monument monument NN 7960 7423 22 at at IN 7960 7423 23 Chang Chang NNP 7960 7423 24 - - : 7960 7423 25 an an DT 7960 7423 26 , , , 7960 7423 27 province province NN 7960 7423 28 of of IN 7960 7423 29 Shensi Shensi NNP 7960 7423 30 . . . 7960 7424 1 The the DT 7960 7424 2 stone stone NN 7960 7424 3 , , , 7960 7424 4 which which WDT 7960 7424 5 was be VBD 7960 7424 6 set set VBN 7960 7424 7 up up RP 7960 7424 8 in in IN 7960 7424 9 781 781 CD 7960 7424 10 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 7424 11 , , , 7960 7424 12 commemorates commemorate VBZ 7960 7424 13 by by IN 7960 7424 14 an an DT 7960 7424 15 inscription inscription NN 7960 7424 16 in in IN 7960 7424 17 Chinese chinese JJ 7960 7424 18 characters character NNS 7960 7424 19 and and CC 7960 7424 20 the the DT 7960 7424 21 figure figure NN 7960 7424 22 of of IN 7960 7424 23 a a DT 7960 7424 24 cross cross NN 7960 7424 25 the the DT 7960 7424 26 introduction introduction NN 7960 7424 27 of of IN 7960 7424 28 Christianity Christianity NNP 7960 7424 29 into into IN 7960 7424 30 northwestern northwestern JJ 7960 7424 31 China China NNP 7960 7424 32 . . . 7960 7425 1 A a DT 7960 7425 2 replica replica NN 7960 7425 3 of of IN 7960 7425 4 the the DT 7960 7425 5 Nestorian nestorian JJ 7960 7425 6 monument monument NN 7960 7425 7 was be VBD 7960 7425 8 taken take VBN 7960 7425 9 to to IN 7960 7425 10 the the DT 7960 7425 11 United United NNP 7960 7425 12 States States NNP 7960 7425 13 in in IN 7960 7425 14 1908 1908 CD 7960 7425 15 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 7425 16 and and CC 7960 7425 17 was be VBD 7960 7425 18 deposited deposit VBN 7960 7425 19 in in IN 7960 7425 20 the the DT 7960 7425 21 Metropolitan Metropolitan NNP 7960 7425 22 Museum Museum NNP 7960 7425 23 of of IN 7960 7425 24 Art Art NNP 7960 7425 25 , , , 7960 7425 26 New New NNP 7960 7425 27 York York NNP 7960 7425 28 . . . 7960 7425 29 ] ] -RRB- 7960 7426 1 ORTHODOXY orthodoxy RB 7960 7426 2 After after IN 7960 7426 3 the the DT 7960 7426 4 formation formation NN 7960 7426 5 of of IN 7960 7426 6 the the DT 7960 7426 7 Nestorian nestorian JJ 7960 7426 8 and and CC 7960 7426 9 other other JJ 7960 7426 10 heretical heretical JJ 7960 7426 11 sects sect NNS 7960 7426 12 , , , 7960 7426 13 the the DT 7960 7426 14 orthodox orthodox JJ 7960 7426 15 faith faith NN 7960 7426 16 was be VBD 7960 7426 17 preserved preserve VBN 7960 7426 18 in in IN 7960 7426 19 the the DT 7960 7426 20 East East NNP 7960 7426 21 only only RB 7960 7426 22 by by IN 7960 7426 23 the the DT 7960 7426 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would would MD 7960 7446 28 readily readily RB 7960 7446 29 acknowledge acknowledge VB 7960 7446 30 her -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7446 31 leading leading JJ 7960 7446 32 place place NN 7960 7446 33 among among IN 7960 7446 34 the the DT 7960 7446 35 churches church NNS 7960 7446 36 ; ; : 7960 7446 37 and and CC 7960 7446 38 they -PRON- PRP 7960 7446 39 would would MD 7960 7446 40 seek seek VB 7960 7446 41 her -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7446 42 advice advice NN 7960 7446 43 on on IN 7960 7446 44 disputed dispute VBN 7960 7446 45 points point NNS 7960 7446 46 of of IN 7960 7446 47 Christian christian JJ 7960 7446 48 belief belief NN 7960 7446 49 or or CC 7960 7446 50 worship worship NN 7960 7446 51 . . . 7960 7447 1 THE the DT 7960 7447 2 ROMAN ROMAN NNS 7960 7447 3 CHURCH CHURCH VBZ 7960 7447 4 INDEPENDENT INDEPENDENT MD 7960 7447 5 The the DT 7960 7447 6 independence independence NN 7960 7447 7 of of IN 7960 7447 8 the the DT 7960 7447 9 Roman Roman NNP 7960 7447 10 Church Church NNP 7960 7447 11 also 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7450 13 church church NN 7960 7450 14 under under IN 7960 7450 15 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7450 16 control control NN 7960 7450 17 without without IN 7960 7450 18 much much JJ 7960 7450 19 interference interference NN 7960 7450 20 on on IN 7960 7450 21 the the DT 7960 7450 22 part part NN 7960 7450 23 of of IN 7960 7450 24 the the DT 7960 7450 25 eastern eastern JJ 7960 7450 26 emperor emperor NN 7960 7450 27 . . . 7960 7451 1 THE the DT 7960 7451 2 ROMAN roman JJ 7960 7451 3 CHURCH CHURCH NNS 7960 7451 4 ORTHODOX ORTHODOX NNP 7960 7451 5 Finally finally RB 7960 7451 6 , , , 7960 7451 7 it -PRON- PRP 7960 7451 8 must must MD 7960 7451 9 be be VB 7960 7451 10 noted note VBN 7960 7451 11 how how WRB 7960 7451 12 much much JJ 7960 7451 13 the the DT 7960 7451 14 development development NN 7960 7451 15 of of IN 7960 7451 16 the the DT 7960 7451 17 Roman Roman NNP 7960 7451 18 Church Church NNP 7960 7451 19 was be VBD 7960 7451 20 aided aid VBN 7960 7451 21 by by IN 7960 7451 22 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7451 23 attitude attitude NN 7960 7451 24 on on IN 7960 7451 25 disputed dispute VBN 7960 7451 26 questions question NNS 7960 7451 27 of of IN 7960 7451 28 belief belief NN 7960 7451 29 . . . 7960 7452 1 While while IN 7960 7452 2 eastern eastern JJ 7960 7452 3 Christendom Christendom NNP 7960 7452 4 was be VBD 7960 7452 5 torn tear VBN 7960 7452 6 by by IN 7960 7452 7 theological theological JJ 7960 7452 8 controversies controversy NNS 7960 7452 9 , , , 7960 7452 10 the the DT 7960 7452 11 Church Church NNP 7960 7452 12 of of IN 7960 7452 13 Rome Rome NNP 7960 7452 14 stood stand VBD 7960 7452 15 firmly firmly RB 7960 7452 16 by by IN 7960 7452 17 the the DT 7960 7452 18 Nicene Nicene NNP 7960 7452 19 Creed Creed NNP 7960 7452 20 . . . 7960 7453 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 7453 2 13 13 CD 7960 7453 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 7453 4 After after IN 7960 7453 5 the the DT 7960 7453 6 Arian arian JJ 7960 7453 7 , , , 7960 7453 8 Nestorian nestorian JJ 7960 7453 9 , , , 7960 7453 10 and and CC 7960 7453 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Church NNP 7960 7457 17 and and CC 7960 7457 18 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7457 19 first first JJ 7960 7457 20 bishop bishop NN 7960 7457 21 . . . 7960 7458 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 7458 2 was be VBD 7960 7458 3 then then RB 7960 7458 4 argued argue VBN 7960 7458 5 that that IN 7960 7458 6 he -PRON- PRP 7960 7458 7 passed pass VBD 7960 7458 8 to to IN 7960 7458 9 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7458 10 successors successor NNS 7960 7458 11 , , , 7960 7458 12 the the DT 7960 7458 13 popes pope NNS 7960 7458 14 , , , 7960 7458 15 all all PDT 7960 7458 16 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7458 17 rights right NNS 7960 7458 18 and and CC 7960 7458 19 dignity dignity NN 7960 7458 20 . . . 7960 7459 1 As as IN 7960 7459 2 St. St. NNP 7960 7459 3 Peter Peter NNP 7960 7459 4 was be VBD 7960 7459 5 the the DT 7960 7459 6 first first JJ 7960 7459 7 among among IN 7960 7459 8 the the DT 7960 7459 9 Apostles Apostles NNPS 7960 7459 10 , , , 7960 7459 11 so so RB 7960 7459 12 the the DT 7960 7459 13 popes pope NNS 7960 7459 14 were be VBD 7960 7459 15 to to TO 7960 7459 16 be be VB 7960 7459 17 the the DT 7960 7459 18 first first JJ 7960 7459 19 among among IN 7960 7459 20 bishops bishop NNS 7960 7459 21 . . . 7960 7460 1 Such such JJ 7960 7460 2 was be VBD 7960 7460 3 the the DT 7960 7460 4 doctrine doctrine NN 7960 7460 5 of of IN 7960 7460 6 the the DT 7960 7460 7 Petrine Petrine NNP 7960 7460 8 supremacy supremacy NN 7960 7460 9 , , , 7960 7460 10 expressed express VBD 7960 7460 11 as as RB 7960 7460 12 far far RB 7960 7460 13 back back RB 7960 7460 14 as as IN 7960 7460 15 the the DT 7960 7460 16 second second JJ 7960 7460 17 century century NN 7960 7460 18 , , , 7960 7460 19 strongly strongly RB 7960 7460 20 asserted assert VBN 7960 7460 21 by by IN 7960 7460 22 many many JJ 7960 7460 23 popes pope NNS 7960 7460 24 during during IN 7960 7460 25 the the DT 7960 7460 26 Middle Middle NNP 7960 7460 27 Ages Ages NNPS 7960 7460 28 , , , 7960 7460 29 and and CC 7960 7460 30 maintained maintain VBD 7960 7460 31 to to IN 7960 7460 32 - - HYPH 7960 7460 33 day day NN 7960 7460 34 by by IN 7960 7460 35 the the DT 7960 7460 36 Roman Roman NNP 7960 7460 37 Church Church NNP 7960 7460 38 . . . 7960 7461 1 123 123 CD 7960 7461 2 . . . 7960 7462 1 GROWTH GROWTH NNS 7960 7462 2 OF of IN 7960 7462 3 THE the DT 7960 7462 4 PAPACY papacy NN 7960 7462 5 PONTIFICATE pontificate NN 7960 7462 6 OF of IN 7960 7462 7 LEO LEO NNP 7960 7462 8 I I NNP 7960 7462 9 , , , 7960 7462 10 440 440 CD 7960 7462 11 - - SYM 7960 7462 12 461 461 CD 7960 7462 13 A.D. a.d. NN 7960 7462 14 Up up IN 7960 7462 15 to to IN 7960 7462 16 the the DT 7960 7462 17 middle middle NN 7960 7462 18 of of IN 7960 7462 19 the the DT 7960 7462 20 fifth fifth JJ 7960 7462 21 century century NN 7960 7462 22 about about RB 7960 7462 23 forty forty CD 7960 7462 24 - - HYPH 7960 7462 25 five five CD 7960 7462 26 bishops bishop NNS 7960 7462 27 had have VBD 7960 7462 28 occupied occupy VBN 7960 7462 29 St. St. NNP 7960 7462 30 Peter Peter NNP 7960 7462 31 's 's POS 7960 7462 32 chair chair NN 7960 7462 33 at at IN 7960 7462 34 Rome Rome NNP 7960 7462 35 . . . 7960 7463 1 The the DT 7960 7463 2 most most RBS 7960 7463 3 eminent eminent JJ 7960 7463 4 these these DT 7960 7463 5 was be VBD 7960 7463 6 Leo Leo NNP 7960 7463 7 the the DT 7960 7463 8 Great great JJ 7960 7463 9 . . . 7960 7464 1 When when WRB 7960 7464 2 he -PRON- PRP 7960 7464 3 became become VBD 7960 7464 4 bishop bishop NNP 7960 7464 5 , , , 7960 7464 6 the the DT 7960 7464 7 Germans Germans NNPS 7960 7464 8 were be VBD 7960 7464 9 overrunning overrun VBG 7960 7464 10 the the DT 7960 7464 11 western western JJ 7960 7464 12 provinces province NNS 7960 7464 13 of of IN 7960 7464 14 the the DT 7960 7464 15 empire empire NN 7960 7464 16 . . . 7960 7465 1 The the DT 7960 7465 2 invaders invader NNS 7960 7465 3 professed profess VBD 7960 7465 4 the the DT 7960 7465 5 Arian arian JJ 7960 7465 6 faith faith NN 7960 7465 7 , , , 7960 7465 8 as as IN 7960 7465 9 we -PRON- PRP 7960 7465 10 have have VBP 7960 7465 11 seen see VBN 7960 7465 12 , , , 7960 7465 13 and and CC 7960 7465 14 often often RB 7960 7465 15 persecuted persecute VBD 7960 7465 16 the the DT 7960 7465 17 orthodox orthodox JJ 7960 7465 18 Christians Christians NNPS 7960 7465 19 among among IN 7960 7465 20 whom whom WP 7960 7465 21 they -PRON- PRP 7960 7465 22 settled settle VBD 7960 7465 23 . . . 7960 7466 1 At at IN 7960 7466 2 such such PDT 7960 7466 3 a a DT 7960 7466 4 time time NN 7960 7466 5 , , , 7960 7466 6 when when WRB 7960 7466 7 the the DT 7960 7466 8 imperial imperial JJ 7960 7466 9 power power NN 7960 7466 10 was be VBD 7960 7466 11 growing grow VBG 7960 7466 12 weaker weak JJR 7960 7466 13 , , , 7960 7466 14 faithful faithful JJ 7960 7466 15 Catholics Catholics NNPS 7960 7466 16 in in IN 7960 7466 17 the the DT 7960 7466 18 West West NNP 7960 7466 19 naturally naturally RB 7960 7466 20 turned turn VBD 7960 7466 21 for for IN 7960 7466 22 support support NN 7960 7466 23 to to IN 7960 7466 24 the the DT 7960 7466 25 bishop bishop NN 7960 7466 26 of of IN 7960 7466 27 Rome Rome NNP 7960 7466 28 . . . 7960 7467 1 Leo Leo NNP 7960 7467 2 became become VBD 7960 7467 3 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7467 4 champion champion NN 7960 7467 5 against against IN 7960 7467 6 the the DT 7960 7467 7 barbarians barbarian NNS 7960 7467 8 . . . 7960 7468 1 Tradition tradition NN 7960 7468 2 declares declare VBZ 7960 7468 3 that that IN 7960 7468 4 he -PRON- PRP 7960 7468 5 succeeded succeed VBD 7960 7468 6 in in IN 7960 7468 7 diverting divert VBG 7960 7468 8 Attila Attila NNP 7960 7468 9 from from IN 7960 7468 10 an an DT 7960 7468 11 attack attack NN 7960 7468 12 on on IN 7960 7468 13 Rome Rome NNP 7960 7468 14 , , , 7960 7468 15 and and CC 7960 7468 16 when when WRB 7960 7468 17 the the DT 7960 7468 18 Vandals vandal NNS 7960 7468 19 sacked sack VBD 7960 7468 20 the the DT 7960 7468 21 city city NN 7960 7468 22 Leo Leo NNP 7960 7468 23 also also RB 7960 7468 24 intervened intervene VBD 7960 7468 25 to to TO 7960 7468 26 prevent prevent VB 7960 7468 27 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7468 28 destruction destruction NN 7960 7468 29 . . . 7960 7469 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 7469 2 14 14 CD 7960 7469 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 7469 4 PONTIFICATE PONTIFICATE NNP 7960 7469 5 OF of IN 7960 7469 6 GREGORY GREGORY NNP 7960 7469 7 I -PRON- PRP 7960 7469 8 , , , 7960 7469 9 590 590 CD 7960 7469 10 - - SYM 7960 7469 11 604 604 CD 7960 7469 12 A.D. a.d. NN 7960 7469 13 After after IN 7960 7469 14 Leo Leo NNP 7960 7469 15 , , , 7960 7469 16 no no DT 7960 7469 17 important important JJ 7960 7469 18 name name NN 7960 7469 19 occurs occur VBZ 7960 7469 20 in in IN 7960 7469 21 the the DT 7960 7469 22 list list NN 7960 7469 23 of of IN 7960 7469 24 popes pope NNS 7960 7469 25 until until IN 7960 7469 26 we -PRON- PRP 7960 7469 27 come come VBP 7960 7469 28 to to IN 7960 7469 29 Gregory Gregory NNP 7960 7469 30 the the DT 7960 7469 31 Great great JJ 7960 7469 32 . . . 7960 7470 1 Gregory Gregory NNP 7960 7470 2 , , , 7960 7470 3 as as IN 7960 7470 4 the the DT 7960 7470 5 son son NN 7960 7470 6 of of IN 7960 7470 7 a a DT 7960 7470 8 rich rich JJ 7960 7470 9 and and CC 7960 7470 10 distinguished distinguished JJ 7960 7470 11 Roman roman JJ 7960 7470 12 senator senator NN 7960 7470 13 , , , 7960 7470 14 enjoyed enjoy VBD 7960 7470 15 a a DT 7960 7470 16 good good JJ 7960 7470 17 education education NN 7960 7470 18 in in IN 7960 7470 19 all all PDT 7960 7470 20 the the DT 7960 7470 21 learning learning NN 7960 7470 22 of of IN 7960 7470 23 the the DT 7960 7470 24 time time NN 7960 7470 25 . . . 7960 7471 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 7471 2 entered enter VBD 7960 7471 3 public public JJ 7960 7471 4 life life NN 7960 7471 5 and and CC 7960 7471 6 at at IN 7960 7471 7 an an DT 7960 7471 8 early early JJ 7960 7471 9 age age NN 7960 7471 10 became become VBD 7960 7471 11 prefect prefect JJ 7960 7471 12 of of IN 7960 7471 13 Rome Rome NNP 7960 7471 14 . . . 7960 7472 1 But but CC 7960 7472 2 now now RB 7960 7472 3 , , , 7960 7472 4 almost almost RB 7960 7472 5 at at IN 7960 7472 6 the the DT 7960 7472 7 outset outset NN 7960 7472 8 of of IN 7960 7472 9 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7472 10 career career NN 7960 7472 11 , , , 7960 7472 12 Gregory Gregory NNP 7960 7472 13 laid lay VBD 7960 7472 14 aside aside RP 7960 7472 15 earthly earthly JJ 7960 7472 16 ambition ambition NN 7960 7472 17 . . . 7960 7473 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 7473 2 gave give VBD 7960 7473 3 up up RP 7960 7473 4 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7473 5 honorable honorable JJ 7960 7473 6 position position NN 7960 7473 7 and and CC 7960 7473 8 spent spend VBD 7960 7473 9 the the DT 7960 7473 10 fortune fortune NN 7960 7473 11 , , , 7960 7473 12 inherited inherit VBN 7960 7473 13 from from IN 7960 7473 14 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7473 15 father father NN 7960 7473 16 , , , 7960 7473 17 in in IN 7960 7473 18 the the DT 7960 7473 19 foundation foundation NN 7960 7473 20 of of IN 7960 7473 21 monasteries monastery NNS 7960 7473 22 and and CC 7960 7473 23 the the DT 7960 7473 24 relief relief NN 7960 7473 25 of of IN 7960 7473 26 the the DT 7960 7473 27 poor poor JJ 7960 7473 28 . . . 7960 7474 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 7474 2 himself -PRON- PRP 7960 7474 3 became become VBD 7960 7474 4 a a DT 7960 7474 5 monk monk NN 7960 7474 6 , , , 7960 7474 7 turned turn VBD 7960 7474 8 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7474 9 palace palace NN 7960 7474 10 at at IN 7960 7474 11 Rome Rome NNP 7960 7474 12 into into IN 7960 7474 13 a a DT 7960 7474 14 monastery monastery NN 7960 7474 15 , , , 7960 7474 16 and and CC 7960 7474 17 almost almost RB 7960 7474 18 ruined ruin VBD 7960 7474 19 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7474 20 health health NN 7960 7474 21 by by IN 7960 7474 22 too too RB 7960 7474 23 great great JJ 7960 7474 24 devotion devotion NN 7960 7474 25 to to IN 7960 7474 26 fasts fast NNS 7960 7474 27 and and CC 7960 7474 28 midnight midnight NN 7960 7474 29 vigils vigil NNS 7960 7474 30 . . . 7960 7475 1 Gregory Gregory NNP 7960 7475 2 's 's POS 7960 7475 3 conspicuous conspicuous JJ 7960 7475 4 talents talent NNS 7960 7475 5 , , , 7960 7475 6 however however RB 7960 7475 7 , , , 7960 7475 8 soon soon RB 7960 7475 9 called call VBD 7960 7475 10 him -PRON- PRP 7960 7475 11 from from IN 7960 7475 12 retirement retirement NN 7960 7475 13 and and CC 7960 7475 14 led lead VBD 7960 7475 15 to to IN 7960 7475 16 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7475 17 election election NN 7960 7475 18 as as IN 7960 7475 19 pope pope NNP 7960 7475 20 . . . 7960 7476 1 TEMPORAL temporal JJ 7960 7476 2 POWER POWER NNS 7960 7476 3 OF of IN 7960 7476 4 GREGORY GREGORY NNP 7960 7476 5 The the DT 7960 7476 6 work work NN 7960 7476 7 of of IN 7960 7476 8 Gregory Gregory NNP 7960 7476 9 lay lie VBD 7960 7476 10 principally principally RB 7960 7476 11 in in IN 7960 7476 12 two two CD 7960 7476 13 directions direction NNS 7960 7476 14 . . . 7960 7477 1 As as IN 7960 7477 2 a a DT 7960 7477 3 statesman statesman NN 7960 7477 4 he -PRON- PRP 7960 7477 5 did do VBD 7960 7477 6 much much RB 7960 7477 7 to to TO 7960 7477 8 make make VB 7960 7477 9 the the DT 7960 7477 10 popes pope NNS 7960 7477 11 virtual virtual JJ 7960 7477 12 sovereigns sovereign NNS 7960 7477 13 at at IN 7960 7477 14 Rome Rome NNP 7960 7477 15 and and CC 7960 7477 16 in in IN 7960 7477 17 Italy Italy NNP 7960 7477 18 . . . 7960 7478 1 At at IN 7960 7478 2 this this DT 7960 7478 3 time time NN 7960 7478 4 the the DT 7960 7478 5 Italian italian JJ 7960 7478 6 peninsula peninsula NN 7960 7478 7 , , , 7960 7478 8 overrun overrun NN 7960 7478 9 by by IN 7960 7478 10 the the DT 7960 7478 11 Lombards Lombards NNPS 7960 7478 12 and and CC 7960 7478 13 neglected neglect VBN 7960 7478 14 by by IN 7960 7478 15 the the DT 7960 7478 16 eastern eastern JJ 7960 7478 17 emperor emperor NNP 7960 7478 18 , , , 7960 7478 19 was be VBD 7960 7478 20 in in IN 7960 7478 21 a a DT 7960 7478 22 deplorable deplorable JJ 7960 7478 23 condition condition NN 7960 7478 24 . . . 7960 7479 1 The the DT 7960 7479 2 bishop bishop NN 7960 7479 3 of of IN 7960 7479 4 Rome Rome NNP 7960 7479 5 seemed seem VBD 7960 7479 6 to to TO 7960 7479 7 be be VB 7960 7479 8 the the DT 7960 7479 9 only only JJ 7960 7479 10 man man NN 7960 7479 11 who who WP 7960 7479 12 could could MD 7960 7479 13 protect protect VB 7960 7479 14 the the DT 7960 7479 15 people people NNS 7960 7479 16 and and CC 7960 7479 17 maintain maintain VB 7960 7479 18 order order NN 7960 7479 19 . . . 7960 7480 1 Gregory Gregory NNP 7960 7480 2 had have VBD 7960 7480 3 very very RB 7960 7480 4 great great JJ 7960 7480 5 success success NN 7960 7480 6 in in IN 7960 7480 7 this this DT 7960 7480 8 task task NN 7960 7480 9 . . . 7960 7481 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 7481 2 appointed appoint VBD 7960 7481 3 governors governor NNS 7960 7481 4 of of IN 7960 7481 5 cities city NNS 7960 7481 6 , , , 7960 7481 7 issued issue VBN 7960 7481 8 orders order NNS 7960 7481 9 to to IN 7960 7481 10 generals general NNS 7960 7481 11 , , , 7960 7481 12 drilled drill VBD 7960 7481 13 the the DT 7960 7481 14 Romans Romans NNPS 7960 7481 15 for for IN 7960 7481 16 military military JJ 7960 7481 17 defense defense NN 7960 7481 18 , , , 7960 7481 19 and and CC 7960 7481 20 sent send VBD 7960 7481 21 ambassadors ambassador NNS 7960 7481 22 to to TO 7960 7481 23 treat treat VB 7960 7481 24 with with IN 7960 7481 25 the the DT 7960 7481 26 king king NN 7960 7481 27 of of IN 7960 7481 28 the the DT 7960 7481 29 Lombards Lombards NNPS 7960 7481 30 . . . 7960 7482 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 7482 2 was be VBD 7960 7482 3 largely largely RB 7960 7482 4 owing owe VBG 7960 7482 5 to to IN 7960 7482 6 Gregory Gregory NNP 7960 7482 7 's 's POS 7960 7482 8 efforts effort NNS 7960 7482 9 that that IN 7960 7482 10 these these DT 7960 7482 11 barbarians barbarian NNS 7960 7482 12 were be VBD 7960 7482 13 prevented prevent VBN 7960 7482 14 from from IN 7960 7482 15 conquering conquer VBG 7960 7482 16 central central JJ 7960 7482 17 Italy Italy NNP 7960 7482 18 . . . 7960 7483 1 GREGORY GREGORY NNP 7960 7483 2 'S 's POS 7960 7483 3 SPIRITUAL SPIRITUAL NNP 7960 7483 4 AUTHORITY AUTHORITY NNP 7960 7483 5 Gregory Gregory NNP 7960 7483 6 was be VBD 7960 7483 7 no no RB 7960 7483 8 less less RBR 7960 7483 9 eminent eminent JJ 7960 7483 10 as as IN 7960 7483 11 a a DT 7960 7483 12 churchman churchman NN 7960 7483 13 . . . 7960 7484 1 His -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7484 2 writings writing NNS 7960 7484 3 and and CC 7960 7484 4 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7484 5 personal personal JJ 7960 7484 6 influence influence NN 7960 7484 7 greatly greatly RB 7960 7484 8 furthered further VBD 7960 7484 9 the the DT 7960 7484 10 advancement advancement NN 7960 7484 11 of of IN 7960 7484 12 the the DT 7960 7484 13 Roman Roman NNP 7960 7484 14 Church Church NNP 7960 7484 15 in in IN 7960 7484 16 the the DT 7960 7484 17 West West NNP 7960 7484 18 . . . 7960 7485 1 We -PRON- PRP 7960 7485 2 find find VBP 7960 7485 3 him -PRON- PRP 7960 7485 4 sternly sternly RB 7960 7485 5 repressing repress VBG 7960 7485 6 heresies heresy NNS 7960 7485 7 wherever wherever WRB 7960 7485 8 they -PRON- PRP 7960 7485 9 arose arise VBD 7960 7485 10 , , , 7960 7485 11 aiding aid VBG 7960 7485 12 the the DT 7960 7485 13 conversion conversion NN 7960 7485 14 of of IN 7960 7485 15 Arian arian JJ 7960 7485 16 Visigoths Visigoths NNPS 7960 7485 17 in in IN 7960 7485 18 Spain Spain NNP 7960 7485 19 and and CC 7960 7485 20 Arian Arian NNP 7960 7485 21 Lombards Lombards NNP 7960 7485 22 in in IN 7960 7485 23 Italy Italy NNP 7960 7485 24 , , , 7960 7485 25 and and CC 7960 7485 26 sending send VBG 7960 7485 27 out out RP 7960 7485 28 monks monk NNS 7960 7485 29 as as IN 7960 7485 30 missionaries missionary NNS 7960 7485 31 to to TO 7960 7485 32 distant distant VB 7960 7485 33 Britain Britain NNP 7960 7485 34 . . . 7960 7486 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 7486 2 15 15 CD 7960 7486 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 7486 4 He -PRON- PRP 7960 7486 5 well well RB 7960 7486 6 deserved deserve VBN 7960 7486 7 by by IN 7960 7486 8 these these DT 7960 7486 9 labors labor NNS 7960 7486 10 the the DT 7960 7486 11 title title NN 7960 7486 12 " " `` 7960 7486 13 Servant servant NN 7960 7486 14 of of IN 7960 7486 15 the the DT 7960 7486 16 servants servant NNS 7960 7486 17 of of IN 7960 7486 18 God God NNP 7960 7486 19 , , , 7960 7486 20 " " '' 7960 7486 21 [ [ -LRB- 7960 7486 22 16 16 CD 7960 7486 23 ] ] -RRB- 7960 7486 24 which which WDT 7960 7486 25 he -PRON- PRP 7960 7486 26 assumed assume VBD 7960 7486 27 , , , 7960 7486 28 and and CC 7960 7486 29 which which WDT 7960 7486 30 the the DT 7960 7486 31 popes pope NNS 7960 7486 32 after after IN 7960 7486 33 him -PRON- PRP 7960 7486 34 have have VBP 7960 7486 35 retained retain VBN 7960 7486 36 . . . 7960 7487 1 The the DT 7960 7487 2 admiration admiration NN 7960 7487 3 felt feel VBD 7960 7487 4 for for IN 7960 7487 5 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7487 6 character character NN 7960 7487 7 and and CC 7960 7487 8 abilities ability NNS 7960 7487 9 raised raise VBD 7960 7487 10 him -PRON- PRP 7960 7487 11 , , , 7960 7487 12 in in IN 7960 7487 13 later later JJ 7960 7487 14 ages age NNS 7960 7487 15 , , , 7960 7487 16 to to IN 7960 7487 17 the the DT 7960 7487 18 rank rank NN 7960 7487 19 of of IN 7960 7487 20 a a DT 7960 7487 21 saint saint NN 7960 7487 22 . . . 7960 7488 1 POSITION position NN 7960 7488 2 OF of IN 7960 7488 3 THE the DT 7960 7488 4 PAPACY papacy NN 7960 7488 5 When when WRB 7960 7488 6 Gregory Gregory NNP 7960 7488 7 the the DT 7960 7488 8 Great Great NNP 7960 7488 9 closed close VBD 7960 7488 10 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7488 11 remarkable remarkable JJ 7960 7488 12 career career NN 7960 7488 13 , , , 7960 7488 14 the the DT 7960 7488 15 Papacy Papacy NNP 7960 7488 16 had have VBD 7960 7488 17 reached reach VBN 7960 7488 18 a a DT 7960 7488 19 commanding commanding JJ 7960 7488 20 place place NN 7960 7488 21 in in IN 7960 7488 22 western western JJ 7960 7488 23 Christendom Christendom NNP 7960 7488 24 . . . 7960 7489 1 To to IN 7960 7489 2 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7489 3 spiritual spiritual JJ 7960 7489 4 authority authority NN 7960 7489 5 the the DT 7960 7489 6 popes pope NNS 7960 7489 7 had have VBD 7960 7489 8 now now RB 7960 7489 9 begun begin VBN 7960 7489 10 to to TO 7960 7489 11 add add VB 7960 7489 12 some some DT 7960 7489 13 measure measure NN 7960 7489 14 of of IN 7960 7489 15 temporal temporal JJ 7960 7489 16 power power NN 7960 7489 17 as as IN 7960 7489 18 rulers ruler NNS 7960 7489 19 at at IN 7960 7489 20 Rome Rome NNP 7960 7489 21 and and CC 7960 7489 22 in in IN 7960 7489 23 Italy Italy NNP 7960 7489 24 . . . 7960 7490 1 During during IN 7960 7490 2 the the DT 7960 7490 3 eighth eighth JJ 7960 7490 4 century century NN 7960 7490 5 , , , 7960 7490 6 as as IN 7960 7490 7 we -PRON- PRP 7960 7490 8 have have VBP 7960 7490 9 already already RB 7960 7490 10 learned learn VBN 7960 7490 11 , , , 7960 7490 12 [ [ -LRB- 7960 7490 13 17 17 CD 7960 7490 14 ] ] -RRB- 7960 7490 15 the the DT 7960 7490 16 alliance alliance NN 7960 7490 17 of of IN 7960 7490 18 the the DT 7960 7490 19 popes pope NNS 7960 7490 20 and and CC 7960 7490 21 the the DT 7960 7490 22 Franks Franks NNPS 7960 7490 23 helped help VBD 7960 7490 24 further further RB 7960 7490 25 to to TO 7960 7490 26 establish establish VB 7960 7490 27 the the DT 7960 7490 28 Papacy Papacy NNP 7960 7490 29 as as IN 7960 7490 30 an an DT 7960 7490 31 ecclesiastical ecclesiastical JJ 7960 7490 32 monarchy monarchy NN 7960 7490 33 , , , 7960 7490 34 ruling rule VBG 7960 7490 35 over over IN 7960 7490 36 both both CC 7960 7490 37 the the DT 7960 7490 38 souls soul NNS 7960 7490 39 and and CC 7960 7490 40 bodies body NNS 7960 7490 41 of of IN 7960 7490 42 men man NNS 7960 7490 43 . . . 7960 7491 1 Henceforth henceforth RB 7960 7491 2 it -PRON- PRP 7960 7491 3 was be VBD 7960 7491 4 to to TO 7960 7491 5 go go VB 7960 7491 6 forward forward RB 7960 7491 7 from from IN 7960 7491 8 strength strength NN 7960 7491 9 to to IN 7960 7491 10 strength strength NN 7960 7491 11 . . . 7960 7492 1 124 124 CD 7960 7492 2 . . . 7960 7493 1 MONASTICISM MONASTICISM NNP 7960 7493 2 THE the DT 7960 7493 3 MONASTIC MONASTIC NNP 7960 7493 4 SPIRIT SPIRIT VBD 7960 7493 5 The the DT 7960 7493 6 Papacy Papacy NNP 7960 7493 7 during during IN 7960 7493 8 the the DT 7960 7493 9 Middle Middle NNP 7960 7493 10 Ages Ages NNPS 7960 7493 11 found find VBD 7960 7493 12 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7493 13 strongest strong JJS 7960 7493 14 supporters supporter NNS 7960 7493 15 among among IN 7960 7493 16 the the DT 7960 7493 17 monks monk NNS 7960 7493 18 . . . 7960 7494 1 By by IN 7960 7494 2 the the DT 7960 7494 3 time time NN 7960 7494 4 of of IN 7960 7494 5 Gregory Gregory NNP 7960 7494 6 the the DT 7960 7494 7 Great great JJ 7960 7494 8 monasticism monasticism NN 7960 7494 9 [ [ -LRB- 7960 7494 10 18 18 CD 7960 7494 11 ] ] -RRB- 7960 7494 12 was be VBD 7960 7494 13 well well RB 7960 7494 14 established establish VBN 7960 7494 15 in in IN 7960 7494 16 the the DT 7960 7494 17 Christian Christian NNP 7960 7494 18 Church Church NNP 7960 7494 19 . . . 7960 7495 1 Its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7495 2 origin origin NN 7960 7495 3 must must MD 7960 7495 4 be be VB 7960 7495 5 sought seek VBN 7960 7495 6 in in IN 7960 7495 7 the the DT 7960 7495 8 need need NN 7960 7495 9 , , , 7960 7495 10 often often RB 7960 7495 11 felt feel VBN 7960 7495 12 by by IN 7960 7495 13 spiritually spiritually RB 7960 7495 14 - - HYPH 7960 7495 15 minded minded JJ 7960 7495 16 men man NNS 7960 7495 17 , , , 7960 7495 18 of of IN 7960 7495 19 withdrawing withdraw VBG 7960 7495 20 from from IN 7960 7495 21 the the DT 7960 7495 22 world world NN 7960 7495 23 --from --from VB 7960 7495 24 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7495 25 temptations temptation NNS 7960 7495 26 and and CC 7960 7495 27 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7495 28 transitory transitory JJ 7960 7495 29 pleasures pleasure NNS 7960 7495 30 -- -- : 7960 7495 31 to to IN 7960 7495 32 a a DT 7960 7495 33 life life NN 7960 7495 34 of of IN 7960 7495 35 solitude solitude NN 7960 7495 36 , , , 7960 7495 37 prayer prayer NN 7960 7495 38 , , , 7960 7495 39 and and CC 7960 7495 40 religious religious JJ 7960 7495 41 contemplation contemplation NN 7960 7495 42 . . . 7960 7496 1 Joined join VBN 7960 7496 2 to to IN 7960 7496 3 this this DT 7960 7496 4 feeling feeling NN 7960 7496 5 has have VBZ 7960 7496 6 been be VBN 7960 7496 7 the the DT 7960 7496 8 conviction conviction NN 7960 7496 9 that that IN 7960 7496 10 the the DT 7960 7496 11 soul soul NN 7960 7496 12 may may MD 7960 7496 13 be be VB 7960 7496 14 purified purify VBN 7960 7496 15 by by IN 7960 7496 16 subduing subdue VBG 7960 7496 17 the the DT 7960 7496 18 desires desire NNS 7960 7496 19 and and CC 7960 7496 20 passions passion NNS 7960 7496 21 of of IN 7960 7496 22 the the DT 7960 7496 23 body body NN 7960 7496 24 . . . 7960 7497 1 Men man NNS 7960 7497 2 , , , 7960 7497 3 influenced influence VBN 7960 7497 4 by by IN 7960 7497 5 the the DT 7960 7497 6 monastic monastic NNP 7960 7497 7 spirit spirit NNP 7960 7497 8 , , , 7960 7497 9 sought seek VBD 7960 7497 10 a a DT 7960 7497 11 closer close JJR 7960 7497 12 approach approach NN 7960 7497 13 to to IN 7960 7497 14 God God NNP 7960 7497 15 . . . 7960 7498 1 EARLY early JJ 7960 7498 2 CHRISTIAN CHRISTIAN NNP 7960 7498 3 MONASTICISM MONASTICISM VBD 7960 7498 4 The the DT 7960 7498 5 monastic monastic JJ 7960 7498 6 spirit spirit NN 7960 7498 7 in in IN 7960 7498 8 Christianity Christianity NNP 7960 7498 9 owed owe VBD 7960 7498 10 much much JJ 7960 7498 11 to to IN 7960 7498 12 the the DT 7960 7498 13 example example NN 7960 7498 14 of of IN 7960 7498 15 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7498 16 founder founder NN 7960 7498 17 , , , 7960 7498 18 who who WP 7960 7498 19 was be VBD 7960 7498 20 himself -PRON- PRP 7960 7498 21 unmarried unmarried JJ 7960 7498 22 , , , 7960 7498 23 poor poor JJ 7960 7498 24 , , , 7960 7498 25 and and CC 7960 7498 26 without without IN 7960 7498 27 a a DT 7960 7498 28 place place NN 7960 7498 29 " " '' 7960 7498 30 where where WRB 7960 7498 31 to to TO 7960 7498 32 lay lay VB 7960 7498 33 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7498 34 head head NN 7960 7498 35 . . . 7960 7498 36 " " '' 7960 7499 1 Some some DT 7960 7499 2 of of IN 7960 7499 3 Christ Christ NNP 7960 7499 4 's 's POS 7960 7499 5 teachings teaching NNS 7960 7499 6 , , , 7960 7499 7 taken take VBN 7960 7499 8 literally literally RB 7960 7499 9 , , , 7960 7499 10 also also RB 7960 7499 11 helped help VBD 7960 7499 12 to to TO 7960 7499 13 exalt exalt VB 7960 7499 14 the the DT 7960 7499 15 worth worth NN 7960 7499 16 of of IN 7960 7499 17 the the DT 7960 7499 18 monastic monastic JJ 7960 7499 19 life life NN 7960 7499 20 . . . 7960 7500 1 At at IN 7960 7500 2 a a DT 7960 7500 3 very very RB 7960 7500 4 early early JJ 7960 7500 5 period period NN 7960 7500 6 there there EX 7960 7500 7 were be VBD 7960 7500 8 Christian christian JJ 7960 7500 9 men man NNS 7960 7500 10 and and CC 7960 7500 11 women woman NNS 7960 7500 12 who who WP 7960 7500 13 abstained abstain VBD 7960 7500 14 from from IN 7960 7500 15 marriage marriage NN 7960 7500 16 , , , 7960 7500 17 flesh flesh NN 7960 7500 18 meat meat NN 7960 7500 19 , , , 7960 7500 20 and and CC 7960 7500 21 the the DT 7960 7500 22 use use NN 7960 7500 23 of of IN 7960 7500 24 wine wine NN 7960 7500 25 , , , 7960 7500 26 and and CC 7960 7500 27 gave give VBD 7960 7500 28 themselves -PRON- PRP 7960 7500 29 up up RP 7960 7500 30 to to IN 7960 7500 31 prayer 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century century NN 7960 7502 14 , , , 7960 7502 15 when when WRB 7960 7502 16 many many JJ 7960 7502 17 Christians Christians NNPS 7960 7502 18 in in IN 7960 7502 19 Egypt Egypt NNP 7960 7502 20 withdrew withdraw VBD 7960 7502 21 into into IN 7960 7502 22 the the DT 7960 7502 23 desert desert NN 7960 7502 24 to to TO 7960 7502 25 live live VB 7960 7502 26 as as IN 7960 7502 27 hermits hermit NNS 7960 7502 28 . . . 7960 7503 1 St. St. NNP 7960 7503 2 Anthony Anthony NNP 7960 7503 3 , , , 7960 7503 4 who who WP 7960 7503 5 has have VBZ 7960 7503 6 been be VBN 7960 7503 7 called call VBN 7960 7503 8 the the DT 7960 7503 9 first first JJ 7960 7503 10 Christian christian JJ 7960 7503 11 hermit hermit NN 7960 7503 12 , , , 7960 7503 13 passed pass VBD 7960 7503 14 twenty twenty CD 7960 7503 15 years year NNS 7960 7503 16 in in IN 7960 7503 17 a a DT 7960 7503 18 deserted desert VBN 7960 7503 19 fort fort NN 7960 7503 20 on on IN 7960 7503 21 the the DT 7960 7503 22 east east NNP 7960 7503 23 bank bank NNP 7960 7503 24 of of IN 7960 7503 25 the the DT 7960 7503 26 Nile Nile NNP 7960 7503 27 . . . 7960 7504 1 During during IN 7960 7504 2 all all PDT 7960 7504 3 this this DT 7960 7504 4 time time NN 7960 7504 5 he -PRON- PRP 7960 7504 6 never never RB 7960 7504 7 saw see VBD 7960 7504 8 a a DT 7960 7504 9 human human JJ 7960 7504 10 face face NN 7960 7504 11 . . . 7960 7505 1 Some some DT 7960 7505 2 of of IN 7960 7505 3 the the DT 7960 7505 4 hermits hermit NNS 7960 7505 5 , , , 7960 7505 6 believing believe VBG 7960 7505 7 that that DT 7960 7505 8 pain pain NN 7960 7505 9 and and CC 7960 7505 10 suffering suffering NN 7960 7505 11 had have VBD 7960 7505 12 a a DT 7960 7505 13 spiritual spiritual JJ 7960 7505 14 value value NN 7960 7505 15 , , , 7960 7505 16 went go VBD 7960 7505 17 to to IN 7960 7505 18 extremes extreme NNS 7960 7505 19 of of IN 7960 7505 20 self- self- NNP 7960 7505 21 mortification mortification NN 7960 7505 22 . . . 7960 7506 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 7506 2 dwelt dwelt VBP 7960 7506 3 in in IN 7960 7506 4 wells well NNS 7960 7506 5 , , , 7960 7506 6 tombs tomb NNS 7960 7506 7 , , , 7960 7506 8 and and CC 7960 7506 9 on on IN 7960 7506 10 the the DT 7960 7506 11 summits summit NNS 7960 7506 12 of of IN 7960 7506 13 pillars pillar NNS 7960 7506 14 , , , 7960 7506 15 deprived deprive VBD 7960 7506 16 themselves -PRON- PRP 7960 7506 17 of of IN 7960 7506 18 necessary necessary JJ 7960 7506 19 food food NN 7960 7506 20 and and CC 7960 7506 21 sleep sleep NN 7960 7506 22 , , , 7960 7506 23 wore wear VBD 7960 7506 24 no no DT 7960 7506 25 clothing clothing NN 7960 7506 26 , , , 7960 7506 27 and and CC 7960 7506 28 neglected neglect VBD 7960 7506 29 to to IN 7960 7506 30 bathe bathe NNP 7960 7506 31 or or CC 7960 7506 32 to to TO 7960 7506 33 care care VB 7960 7506 34 for for IN 7960 7506 35 the the DT 7960 7506 36 body body NN 7960 7506 37 in in IN 7960 7506 38 any any DT 7960 7506 39 way way NN 7960 7506 40 . . . 7960 7507 1 Other other JJ 7960 7507 2 hermits hermit NNS 7960 7507 3 , , , 7960 7507 4 who who WP 7960 7507 5 did do VBD 7960 7507 6 not not RB 7960 7507 7 practice practice VB 7960 7507 8 such such JJ 7960 7507 9 austerities austerity NNS 7960 7507 10 , , , 7960 7507 11 spent spend VBD 7960 7507 12 all all DT 7960 7507 13 day day NN 7960 7507 14 or or CC 7960 7507 15 all all DT 7960 7507 16 night night NN 7960 7507 17 in in IN 7960 7507 18 prayer prayer NN 7960 7507 19 . . . 7960 7508 1 The the DT 7960 7508 2 examples example NNS 7960 7508 3 of of IN 7960 7508 4 these these DT 7960 7508 5 recluses recluse NNS 7960 7508 6 found find VBD 7960 7508 7 many many JJ 7960 7508 8 imitators imitator NNS 7960 7508 9 in in IN 7960 7508 10 Syria Syria NNP 7960 7508 11 and and CC 7960 7508 12 other other JJ 7960 7508 13 eastern eastern JJ 7960 7508 14 lands land NNS 7960 7508 15 . . . 7960 7509 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 7509 2 19 19 CD 7960 7509 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 7509 4 [ [ -LRB- 7960 7509 5 Illustration illustration NN 7960 7509 6 : : : 7960 7509 7 ST ST NNP 7960 7509 8 . . . 7960 7509 9 DANIEL DANIEL NNP 7960 7509 10 THE the DT 7960 7509 11 STYLITE STYLITE NNP 7960 7509 12 ON on IN 7960 7509 13 HIS his PRP$ 7960 7509 14 COLUMN column NN 7960 7509 15 From from IN 7960 7509 16 a a DT 7960 7509 17 Byzantine byzantine JJ 7960 7509 18 miniature miniature NN 7960 7509 19 in in IN 7960 7509 20 the the DT 7960 7509 21 Vatican Vatican NNP 7960 7509 22 . . . 7960 7509 23 ] ] -RRB- 7960 7510 1 RULE RULE NNP 7960 7510 2 OF of IN 7960 7510 3 ST ST NNP 7960 7510 4 . . . 7960 7511 1 BASIL BASIL NNP 7960 7511 2 A a DT 7960 7511 3 life life NN 7960 7511 4 shut shut VBN 7960 7511 5 off off RP 7960 7511 6 from from IN 7960 7511 7 all all DT 7960 7511 8 contact contact NN 7960 7511 9 with with IN 7960 7511 10 one one PRP 7960 7511 11 's 's POS 7960 7511 12 fellows fellow NNS 7960 7511 13 is be VBZ 7960 7511 14 difficult difficult JJ 7960 7511 15 and and CC 7960 7511 16 beyond beyond IN 7960 7511 17 the the DT 7960 7511 18 strength 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NNP 7960 7526 2 To to TO 7960 7526 3 control control VB 7960 7526 4 the the DT 7960 7526 5 monks monk NNS 7960 7526 6 of of IN 7960 7526 7 Monte Monte NNP 7960 7526 8 Cassino Cassino NNP 7960 7526 9 St. St. NNP 7960 7526 10 Benedict Benedict NNP 7960 7526 11 framed frame VBD 7960 7526 12 a a DT 7960 7526 13 Rule rule NN 7960 7526 14 , , , 7960 7526 15 or or CC 7960 7526 16 constitution constitution NN 7960 7526 17 , , , 7960 7526 18 which which WDT 7960 7526 19 was be VBD 7960 7526 20 modeled model VBN 7960 7526 21 in in IN 7960 7526 22 some some DT 7960 7526 23 respects respect NNS 7960 7526 24 upon upon IN 7960 7526 25 the the DT 7960 7526 26 earlier early JJR 7960 7526 27 Rule Rule NNP 7960 7526 28 of of IN 7960 7526 29 St. St. NNP 7960 7527 1 Basil basil NN 7960 7527 2 . . . 7960 7528 1 The the DT 7960 7528 2 monks monk NNS 7960 7528 3 formed form VBD 7960 7528 4 a a DT 7960 7528 5 sort sort NN 7960 7528 6 of of IN 7960 7528 7 corporation corporation NN 7960 7528 8 , , , 7960 7528 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RB 7960 7532 4 own own VB 7960 7532 5 any any DT 7960 7532 6 property property NN 7960 7532 7 ; ; : 7960 7532 8 they -PRON- PRP 7960 7532 9 could could MD 7960 7532 10 not not RB 7960 7532 11 go go VB 7960 7532 12 beyond beyond IN 7960 7532 13 the the DT 7960 7532 14 monastery monastery NN 7960 7532 15 walls wall NNS 7960 7532 16 without without IN 7960 7532 17 the the DT 7960 7532 18 abbot abbot NN 7960 7532 19 's 's POS 7960 7532 20 consent consent NN 7960 7532 21 ; ; : 7960 7532 22 they -PRON- PRP 7960 7532 23 could could MD 7960 7532 24 not not RB 7960 7532 25 even even RB 7960 7532 26 receive receive VB 7960 7532 27 letters letter NNS 7960 7532 28 from from IN 7960 7532 29 home home NN 7960 7532 30 ; ; : 7960 7532 31 and and CC 7960 7532 32 they -PRON- PRP 7960 7532 33 were be VBD 7960 7532 34 sent send VBN 7960 7532 35 to to IN 7960 7532 36 bed bed NN 7960 7532 37 early early RB 7960 7532 38 . . . 7960 7533 1 A a DT 7960 7533 2 violation violation NN 7960 7533 3 of of IN 7960 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7541 21 community community NN 7960 7541 22 whose whose WP$ 7960 7541 23 members member NNS 7960 7541 24 had have VBD 7960 7541 25 no no DT 7960 7541 26 need need NN 7960 7541 27 of of IN 7960 7541 28 going go VBG 7960 7541 29 beyond beyond IN 7960 7541 30 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7541 31 limits limit NNS 7960 7541 32 for for IN 7960 7541 33 anything anything NN 7960 7541 34 . . . 7960 7542 1 In in IN 7960 7542 2 course course NN 7960 7542 3 of of IN 7960 7542 4 time time NN 7960 7542 5 , , , 7960 7542 6 as as IN 7960 7542 7 a a DT 7960 7542 8 monastery monastery NN 7960 7542 9 increased increase VBD 7960 7542 10 in in IN 7960 7542 11 wealth wealth NN 7960 7542 12 and and CC 7960 7542 13 number number NN 7960 7542 14 of of IN 7960 7542 15 inmates inmate NNS 7960 7542 16 , , , 7960 7542 17 it -PRON- PRP 7960 7542 18 might may MD 7960 7542 19 come come VB 7960 7542 20 to to TO 7960 7542 21 form form VB 7960 7542 22 an an DT 7960 7542 23 enormous enormous JJ 7960 7542 24 establishment establishment NN 7960 7542 25 , , , 7960 7542 26 covering cover VBG 7960 7542 27 many many JJ 7960 7542 28 acres acre NNS 7960 7542 29 and and CC 7960 7542 30 presenting present VBG 7960 7542 31 within within IN 7960 7542 32 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7542 33 massive massive JJ 7960 7542 34 walls wall NNS 7960 7542 35 the the DT 7960 7542 36 appearance appearance NN 7960 7542 37 of of IN 7960 7542 38 a a DT 7960 7542 39 fortified fortified JJ 7960 7542 40 town town NN 7960 7542 41 . . . 7960 7543 1 THE the DT 7960 7543 2 MONASTERY monastery NN 7960 7543 3 BUILDINGS building NNS 7960 7543 4 The the DT 7960 7543 5 principal principal JJ 7960 7543 6 buildings building NNS 7960 7543 7 of of IN 7960 7543 8 a a DT 7960 7543 9 Benedictine benedictine JJ 7960 7543 10 monastery monastery NN 7960 7543 11 of of IN 7960 7543 12 the the DT 7960 7543 13 larger large JJR 7960 7543 14 sort sort NN 7960 7543 15 were be VBD 7960 7543 16 grouped group VBN 7960 7543 17 around around IN 7960 7543 18 an an DT 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33 , , , 7960 7544 34 where where WRB 7960 7544 35 they -PRON- PRP 7960 7544 36 transacted transact VBD 7960 7544 37 business business NN 7960 7544 38 . . . 7960 7545 1 There there EX 7960 7545 2 was be VBD 7960 7545 3 also also RB 7960 7545 4 a a DT 7960 7545 5 library library NN 7960 7545 6 , , , 7960 7545 7 a a DT 7960 7545 8 school school NN 7960 7545 9 , , , 7960 7545 10 a a DT 7960 7545 11 hospital hospital NN 7960 7545 12 , , , 7960 7545 13 and and CC 7960 7545 14 a a DT 7960 7545 15 guest guest NN 7960 7545 16 house house NN 7960 7545 17 for for IN 7960 7545 18 the the DT 7960 7545 19 reception reception NN 7960 7545 20 of of IN 7960 7545 21 strangers stranger NNS 7960 7545 22 , , , 7960 7545 23 besides besides IN 7960 7545 24 barns barn NNS 7960 7545 25 , , , 7960 7545 26 bakeries bakery NNS 7960 7545 27 , , , 7960 7545 28 laundries laundry NNS 7960 7545 29 , , , 7960 7545 30 workshops workshop NNS 7960 7545 31 , , , 7960 7545 32 and and CC 7960 7545 33 storerooms storeroom 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of of IN 7960 7574 10 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7574 11 time time NN 7960 7574 12 , , , 7960 7574 13 they -PRON- PRP 7960 7574 14 acted act VBD 7960 7574 15 as as IN 7960 7574 16 chroniclers chronicler NNS 7960 7574 17 of of IN 7960 7574 18 medieval medieval JJ 7960 7574 19 history history NN 7960 7574 20 . . . 7960 7575 1 To to IN 7960 7575 2 all all PDT 7960 7575 3 these these DT 7960 7575 4 services service NNS 7960 7575 5 must must MD 7960 7575 6 be be VB 7960 7575 7 added add VBN 7960 7575 8 the the DT 7960 7575 9 work work NN 7960 7575 10 of of IN 7960 7575 11 the the DT 7960 7575 12 monks monk NNS 7960 7575 13 as as IN 7960 7575 14 missionaries missionary NNS 7960 7575 15 to to IN 7960 7575 16 the the DT 7960 7575 17 heathen heathen NNP 7960 7575 18 peoples people NNS 7960 7575 19 of of IN 7960 7575 20 Europe Europe NNP 7960 7575 21 . . . 7960 7576 1 126 126 CD 7960 7576 2 . . . 7960 7577 1 SPREAD spread VB 7960 7577 2 OF of IN 7960 7577 3 CHRISTIANITY CHRISTIANITY NNP 7960 7577 4 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14 leading lead VBG 7960 7578 15 part part NN 7960 7578 16 . . . 7960 7579 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 7579 2 23 23 CD 7960 7579 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 7579 4 The the DT 7960 7579 5 officers officer NNS 7960 7579 6 of of IN 7960 7579 7 her -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7579 8 armies army NNS 7960 7579 9 were be VBD 7960 7579 10 zealous zealous JJ 7960 7579 11 popes pope NNS 7960 7579 12 , , , 7960 7579 13 bishops bishop NNS 7960 7579 14 , , , 7960 7579 15 and and CC 7960 7579 16 abbots abbot NNS 7960 7579 17 ; ; : 7960 7579 18 her -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7579 19 private private JJ 7960 7579 20 soldiers soldier NNS 7960 7579 21 were be VBD 7960 7579 22 equally equally RB 7960 7579 23 zealous zealous JJ 7960 7579 24 monks monk NNS 7960 7579 25 , , , 7960 7579 26 priests priest NNS 7960 7579 27 , , , 7960 7579 28 and and CC 7960 7579 29 laymen layman NNS 7960 7579 30 . . . 7960 7580 1 Pagan Pagan NNP 7960 7580 2 Rome Rome NNP 7960 7580 3 had have VBD 7960 7580 4 never never RB 7960 7580 5 succeeded succeed VBN 7960 7580 6 in in IN 7960 7580 7 making make VBG 7960 7580 8 a a DT 7960 7580 9 complete complete JJ 7960 7580 10 and and CC 7960 7580 11 permanent permanent JJ 7960 7580 12 conquest conquest NN 7960 7580 13 of of IN 7960 7580 14 the the DT 7960 7580 15 barbarians barbarian NNS 7960 7580 16 . . . 7960 7581 1 Christian Christian NNP 7960 7581 2 Rome Rome NNP 7960 7581 3 , , , 7960 7581 4 however however RB 7960 7581 5 , , , 7960 7581 6 was be VBD 7960 7581 7 able able JJ 7960 7581 8 to to TO 7960 7581 9 bring bring VB 7960 7581 10 them -PRON- PRP 7960 7581 11 all all DT 7960 7581 12 under under IN 7960 7581 13 her -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7581 14 spiritual spiritual JJ 7960 7581 15 sway sway NN 7960 7581 16 . . . 7960 7582 1 RECONVERSION reconversion NN 7960 7582 2 OF of IN 7960 7582 3 THE the DT 7960 7582 4 ARIAN ARIAN NNP 7960 7582 5 GERMANS GERMANS NNPS 7960 7582 6 Christianity Christianity NNP 7960 7582 7 first first RB 7960 7582 8 reached reach VBD 7960 7582 9 the the DT 7960 7582 10 Germanic germanic JJ 7960 7582 11 invaders invader NNS 7960 7582 12 in in IN 7960 7582 13 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7582 14 Arian Arian NNP 7960 7582 15 [ [ -LRB- 7960 7582 16 24 24 CD 7960 7582 17 ] ] -RRB- 7960 7582 18 form form NN 7960 7582 19 . . . 7960 7583 1 Visigoths visigoth NNS 7960 7583 2 , , , 7960 7583 3 Ostrogoths Ostrogoths NNPS 7960 7583 4 , , , 7960 7583 5 Vandals vandal NNS 7960 7583 6 , , , 7960 7583 7 Burgundians Burgundians NNPS 7960 7583 8 , , , 7960 7583 9 and and CC 7960 7583 10 Lombards Lombards NNPS 7960 7583 11 were be VBD 7960 7583 12 all all DT 7960 7583 13 Arians Arians NNPS 7960 7583 14 . . . 7960 7584 1 The the DT 7960 7584 2 Roman Roman NNP 7960 7584 3 Church Church NNP 7960 7584 4 regarded regard VBD 7960 7584 5 them -PRON- PRP 7960 7584 6 as as IN 7960 7584 7 heretics heretic NNS 7960 7584 8 and and CC 7960 7584 9 labored labor VBN 7960 7584 10 with with IN 7960 7584 11 success success NN 7960 7584 12 to to TO 7960 7584 13 reconvert reconvert VB 7960 7584 14 them -PRON- PRP 7960 7584 15 . . . 7960 7585 1 This this DT 7960 7585 2 work work NN 7960 7585 3 was be VBD 7960 7585 4 at at IN 7960 7585 5 last last JJ 7960 7585 6 completed complete VBN 7960 7585 7 when when WRB 7960 7585 8 the the DT 7960 7585 9 Lombards Lombards NNPS 7960 7585 10 , , , 7960 7585 11 in in IN 7960 7585 12 the the DT 7960 7585 13 seventh seventh JJ 7960 7585 14 century century NN 7960 7585 15 , , , 7960 7585 16 accepted accept VBD 7960 7585 17 the the DT 7960 7585 18 Catholic catholic JJ 7960 7585 19 faith faith NN 7960 7585 20 . . . 7960 7586 1 FRANKS FRANKS NNP 7960 7586 2 AND and CC 7960 7586 3 ANGLO anglo JJ 7960 7586 4 - - HYPH 7960 7586 5 SAXONS saxon NNS 7960 7586 6 CONVERTED convert VBN 7960 7586 7 TO to TO 7960 7586 8 ROMAN roman VB 7960 7586 9 CATHOLICISM catholicism VB 7960 7586 10 The the DT 7960 7586 11 Franks Franks NNPS 7960 7586 12 and and CC 7960 7586 13 the the DT 7960 7586 14 Anglo Anglo NNP 7960 7586 15 - - HYPH 7960 7586 16 Saxons Saxons NNPS 7960 7586 17 , , , 7960 7586 18 whose whose WP$ 7960 7586 19 kingdoms kingdom NNS 7960 7586 20 were be VBD 7960 7586 21 to to TO 7960 7586 22 develop develop VB 7960 7586 23 into into IN 7960 7586 24 the the DT 7960 7586 25 chief chief JJ 7960 7586 26 states state NNS 7960 7586 27 of of IN 7960 7586 28 medieval medieval JJ 7960 7586 29 Europe Europe NNP 7960 7586 30 , , , 7960 7586 31 adopted adopt VBN 7960 7586 32 from from IN 7960 7586 33 the the DT 7960 7586 34 outset outset NN 7960 7586 35 the the DT 7960 7586 36 Catholic catholic JJ 7960 7586 37 form form NN 7960 7586 38 of of IN 7960 7586 39 Christianity Christianity NNP 7960 7586 40 . . . 7960 7587 1 The the DT 7960 7587 2 conversion conversion NN 7960 7587 3 of of IN 7960 7587 4 the the DT 7960 7587 5 Franks Franks NNPS 7960 7587 6 provided provide VBD 7960 7587 7 the the DT 7960 7587 8 Roman Roman NNP 7960 7587 9 Church Church NNP 7960 7587 10 with with IN 7960 7587 11 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7587 12 strongest strong JJS 7960 7587 13 and and CC 7960 7587 14 most most RBS 7960 7587 15 faithful faithful JJ 7960 7587 16 adherents adherent NNS 7960 7587 17 among among IN 7960 7587 18 the the DT 7960 7587 19 Germanic Germanic NNP 7960 7587 20 tribes tribe NNS 7960 7587 21 . . . 7960 7588 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 7588 2 25 25 CD 7960 7588 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 7588 4 The the DT 7960 7588 5 conversion conversion NN 7960 7588 6 of of IN 7960 7588 7 Anglo Anglo NNP 7960 7588 8 - - HYPH 7960 7588 9 Saxon Saxon NNP 7960 7588 10 Britain Britain NNP 7960 7588 11 by by IN 7960 7588 12 Augustine Augustine NNP 7960 7588 13 and and CC 7960 7588 14 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7588 15 monks monk NNS 7960 7588 16 , , , 7960 7588 17 followed follow VBN 7960 7588 18 later later RB 7960 7588 19 by by IN 7960 7588 20 the the DT 7960 7588 21 spread spread NN 7960 7588 22 of of IN 7960 7588 23 Roman roman JJ 7960 7588 24 Catholicism Catholicism NNP 7960 7588 25 in in IN 7960 7588 26 Ireland Ireland NNP 7960 7588 27 and and CC 7960 7588 28 Scotland Scotland NNP 7960 7588 29 , , , 7960 7588 30 firmly firmly RB 7960 7588 31 united unite VBD 7960 7588 32 the the DT 7960 7588 33 British British NNP 7960 7588 34 Isles Isles NNPS 7960 7588 35 to to IN 7960 7588 36 the the DT 7960 7588 37 Papacy Papacy NNP 7960 7588 38 . . . 7960 7589 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 7589 2 26 26 CD 7960 7589 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 7589 4 Thus thus RB 7960 7589 5 Rome Rome NNP 7960 7589 6 during during IN 7960 7589 7 the the DT 7960 7589 8 Middle Middle NNP 7960 7589 9 Ages Ages NNPS 7960 7589 10 came come VBD 7960 7589 11 to to TO 7960 7589 12 be be VB 7960 7589 13 the the DT 7960 7589 14 one one CD 7960 7589 15 center center NN 7960 7589 16 of of IN 7960 7589 17 church church NN 7960 7589 18 life life NN 7960 7589 19 for for IN 7960 7589 20 the the DT 7960 7589 21 peoples people NNS 7960 7589 22 of of IN 7960 7589 23 western western JJ 7960 7589 24 Europe Europe NNP 7960 7589 25 . . . 7960 7590 1 ST ST NNP 7960 7590 2 . . . 7960 7590 3 BONIFACE BONIFACE NNP 7960 7590 4 AND and CC 7960 7590 5 THE the DT 7960 7590 6 CONVERSION CONVERSION NNP 7960 7590 7 OF of IN 7960 7590 8 THE the DT 7960 7590 9 GERMANS GERMANS NNPS 7960 7590 10 An an DT 7960 7590 11 Anglo Anglo NNP 7960 7590 12 - - HYPH 7960 7590 13 Saxon Saxon NNP 7960 7590 14 monk monk NN 7960 7590 15 , , , 7960 7590 16 St. St. NNP 7960 7590 17 Boniface Boniface NNP 7960 7590 18 , , , 7960 7590 19 did do VBD 7960 7590 20 more more JJR 7960 7590 21 than than IN 7960 7590 22 any any DT 7960 7590 23 other other JJ 7960 7590 24 missionary missionary NN 7960 7590 25 to to TO 7960 7590 26 carry carry VB 7960 7590 27 Christianity Christianity NNP 7960 7590 28 to to IN 7960 7590 29 the the DT 7960 7590 30 remote remote JJ 7960 7590 31 tribes tribe NNS 7960 7590 32 of of IN 7960 7590 33 Germany Germany NNP 7960 7590 34 . . . 7960 7591 1 Like like IN 7960 7591 2 Augustine Augustine NNP 7960 7591 3 in in IN 7960 7591 4 England England NNP 7960 7591 5 , , , 7960 7591 6 St. St. NNP 7960 7591 7 Boniface Boniface NNP 7960 7591 8 was be VBD 7960 7591 9 sent send VBN 7960 7591 10 by by IN 7960 7591 11 the the DT 7960 7591 12 pope pope NN 7960 7591 13 , , , 7960 7591 14 who who WP 7960 7591 15 created create VBD 7960 7591 16 him -PRON- PRP 7960 7591 17 missionary missionary JJ 7960 7591 18 bishop bishop NN 7960 7591 19 and and CC 7960 7591 20 ordered order VBD 7960 7591 21 him -PRON- PRP 7960 7591 22 to to TO 7960 7591 23 " " `` 7960 7591 24 carry carry VB 7960 7591 25 the the DT 7960 7591 26 word word NN 7960 7591 27 of of IN 7960 7591 28 God God NNP 7960 7591 29 to to IN 7960 7591 30 unbelievers unbeliever NNS 7960 7591 31 . . . 7960 7591 32 " " '' 7960 7592 1 St. St. NNP 7960 7592 2 Boniface Boniface NNP 7960 7592 3 also also RB 7960 7592 4 enjoyed enjoy VBD 7960 7592 5 the the DT 7960 7592 6 support support NN 7960 7592 7 of of IN 7960 7592 8 the the DT 7960 7592 9 Frankish frankish JJ 7960 7592 10 rulers ruler NNS 7960 7592 11 , , , 7960 7592 12 Charles Charles NNP 7960 7592 13 Martel Martel NNP 7960 7592 14 and and CC 7960 7592 15 Pepin Pepin NNP 7960 7592 16 the the DT 7960 7592 17 Short Short NNP 7960 7592 18 . . . 7960 7593 1 Thanks thank NNS 7960 7593 2 to to IN 7960 7593 3 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7593 4 assistance assistance NN 7960 7593 5 this this DT 7960 7593 6 intrepid intrepid JJ 7960 7593 7 monk monk NN 7960 7593 8 was be VBD 7960 7593 9 able able JJ 7960 7593 10 to to TO 7960 7593 11 penetrate penetrate VB 7960 7593 12 into into IN 7960 7593 13 the the DT 7960 7593 14 heart heart NN 7960 7593 15 of of IN 7960 7593 16 Germany Germany NNP 7960 7593 17 . . . 7960 7594 1 Here here RB 7960 7594 2 he -PRON- PRP 7960 7594 3 labored labor VBD 7960 7594 4 for for IN 7960 7594 5 nearly nearly RB 7960 7594 6 forty forty CD 7960 7594 7 years year NNS 7960 7594 8 , , , 7960 7594 9 preaching preaching NN 7960 7594 10 , , , 7960 7594 11 baptizing baptizing NN 7960 7594 12 , , , 7960 7594 13 and and CC 7960 7594 14 founding found VBG 7960 7594 15 numerous numerous JJ 7960 7594 16 churches church NNS 7960 7594 17 , , , 7960 7594 18 monasteries monastery NNS 7960 7594 19 , , , 7960 7594 20 and and CC 7960 7594 21 schools school NNS 7960 7594 22 . . . 7960 7595 1 His -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7595 2 boldness boldness NN 7960 7595 3 in in IN 7960 7595 4 attacking attack VBG 7960 7595 5 heathenism heathenism NN 7960 7595 6 is be VBZ 7960 7595 7 illustrated illustrate VBN 7960 7595 8 by by IN 7960 7595 9 the the DT 7960 7595 10 story story NN 7960 7595 11 of of IN 7960 7595 12 how how WRB 7960 7595 13 he -PRON- PRP 7960 7595 14 cut cut VBD 7960 7595 15 down down RP 7960 7595 16 with with IN 7960 7595 17 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7595 18 own own JJ 7960 7595 19 hands hand NNS 7960 7595 20 a a DT 7960 7595 21 certain certain JJ 7960 7595 22 oak oak NN 7960 7595 23 tree tree NN 7960 7595 24 , , , 7960 7595 25 much much RB 7960 7595 26 reverenced reverence VBN 7960 7595 27 by by IN 7960 7595 28 the the DT 7960 7595 29 natives native NNS 7960 7595 30 of of IN 7960 7595 31 Hesse Hesse NNP 7960 7595 32 as as IN 7960 7595 33 sacred sacred JJ 7960 7595 34 to to IN 7960 7595 35 the the DT 7960 7595 36 god god NNP 7960 7595 37 Woden Woden NNP 7960 7595 38 , , , 7960 7595 39 and and CC 7960 7595 40 out out IN 7960 7595 41 of of IN 7960 7595 42 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7595 43 wood wood NN 7960 7595 44 built build VBD 7960 7595 45 a a DT 7960 7595 46 chapel chapel NN 7960 7595 47 dedicated dedicate VBN 7960 7595 48 to to IN 7960 7595 49 St. St. NNP 7960 7595 50 Peter Peter NNP 7960 7595 51 . . . 7960 7596 1 St. St. NNP 7960 7596 2 Boniface Boniface NNP 7960 7596 3 crowned crown VBD 7960 7596 4 a a DT 7960 7596 5 lifetime lifetime NN 7960 7596 6 of of IN 7960 7596 7 missionary missionary JJ 7960 7596 8 labor labor NN 7960 7596 9 with with IN 7960 7596 10 a a DT 7960 7596 11 martyr martyr NN 7960 7596 12 's 's POS 7960 7596 13 death death NN 7960 7596 14 , , , 7960 7596 15 probably probably RB 7960 7596 16 in in IN 7960 7596 17 754 754 CD 7960 7596 18 A.D. a.d. NN 7960 7596 19 His -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7596 20 work work NN 7960 7596 21 was be VBD 7960 7596 22 continued continue VBN 7960 7596 23 by by IN 7960 7596 24 Charlemagne Charlemagne NNP 7960 7596 25 , , , 7960 7596 26 who who WP 7960 7596 27 forced force VBD 7960 7596 28 the the DT 7960 7596 29 Saxons Saxons NNPS 7960 7596 30 to to TO 7960 7596 31 accept accept VB 7960 7596 32 Christianity Christianity NNP 7960 7596 33 at at IN 7960 7596 34 the the DT 7960 7596 35 point point NN 7960 7596 36 of of IN 7960 7596 37 the the DT 7960 7596 38 sword sword NN 7960 7596 39 . . . 7960 7597 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 7597 2 27 27 CD 7960 7597 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 7597 4 All all DT 7960 7597 5 Germany Germany NNP 7960 7597 6 at at IN 7960 7597 7 length length NN 7960 7597 8 became become VBD 7960 7597 9 a a DT 7960 7597 10 Christian christian JJ 7960 7597 11 land land NN 7960 7597 12 , , , 7960 7597 13 devoted devote VBN 7960 7597 14 to to IN 7960 7597 15 the the DT 7960 7597 16 Papacy Papacy NNP 7960 7597 17 . . . 7960 7598 1 CONVERSION conversion RB 7960 7598 2 OF of IN 7960 7598 3 THE the DT 7960 7598 4 SLAVS SLAVS NNP 7960 7598 5 Roman Roman NNP 7960 7598 6 Catholicism Catholicism NNP 7960 7598 7 not not RB 7960 7598 8 only only RB 7960 7598 9 spread spread VBD 7960 7598 10 to to IN 7960 7598 11 Celtic Celtic NNP 7960 7598 12 and and CC 7960 7598 13 Germanic Germanic NNP 7960 7598 14 peoples people NNS 7960 7598 15 , , , 7960 7598 16 but but CC 7960 7598 17 it -PRON- PRP 7960 7598 18 also also RB 7960 7598 19 gained gain VBD 7960 7598 20 a a DT 7960 7598 21 foothold foothold NN 7960 7598 22 among among IN 7960 7598 23 the the DT 7960 7598 24 Slavs Slavs NNP 7960 7598 25 . . . 7960 7599 1 Both both DT 7960 7599 2 Henry Henry NNP 7960 7599 3 the the DT 7960 7599 4 Fowler Fowler NNP 7960 7599 5 and and CC 7960 7599 6 Otto Otto NNP 7960 7599 7 the the DT 7960 7599 8 Great Great NNP 7960 7599 9 attempted attempt VBD 7960 7599 10 to to TO 7960 7599 11 Christianize christianize VB 7960 7599 12 the the DT 7960 7599 13 Slavic slavic JJ 7960 7599 14 tribes tribe NNS 7960 7599 15 between between IN 7960 7599 16 the the DT 7960 7599 17 Elbe Elbe NNP 7960 7599 18 of of IN 7960 7599 19 the the DT 7960 7599 20 Slavs Slavs NNP 7960 7599 21 and and CC 7960 7599 22 the the DT 7960 7599 23 Vistula Vistula NNP 7960 7599 24 , , , 7960 7599 25 by by IN 7960 7599 26 locating locate VBG 7960 7599 27 bishoprics bishopric NNS 7960 7599 28 in in IN 7960 7599 29 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7599 30 territory territory NN 7960 7599 31 . . . 7960 7600 1 The the DT 7960 7600 2 work work NN 7960 7600 3 of of IN 7960 7600 4 conversion conversion NN 7960 7600 5 encountered encounter VBD 7960 7600 6 many many JJ 7960 7600 7 setbacks setback NNS 7960 7600 8 and and CC 7960 7600 9 did do VBD 7960 7600 10 not not RB 7960 7600 11 reach reach VB 7960 7600 12 completion completion NN 7960 7600 13 until until IN 7960 7600 14 the the DT 7960 7600 15 middle middle NN 7960 7600 16 of of IN 7960 7600 17 the the DT 7960 7600 18 twelfth twelfth JJ 7960 7600 19 century century NN 7960 7600 20 . . . 7960 7601 1 The the DT 7960 7601 2 most most RBS 7960 7601 3 eminent eminent JJ 7960 7601 4 missionaries missionary NNS 7960 7601 5 to to IN 7960 7601 6 the the DT 7960 7601 7 Slavs Slavs NNP 7960 7601 8 were be VBD 7960 7601 9 Cyril Cyril NNP 7960 7601 10 and and CC 7960 7601 11 Methodius Methodius NNP 7960 7601 12 . . . 7960 7602 1 These these DT 7960 7602 2 brother brother NN 7960 7602 3 - - HYPH 7960 7602 4 monks monk NNS 7960 7602 5 were be VBD 7960 7602 6 sent send VBN 7960 7602 7 from from IN 7960 7602 8 Constantinople Constantinople NNP 7960 7602 9 in in IN 7960 7602 10 863 863 CD 7960 7602 11 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 7602 12 to to TO 7960 7602 13 convert convert VB 7960 7602 14 the the DT 7960 7602 15 Moravians Moravians NNPS 7960 7602 16 , , , 7960 7602 17 who who WP 7960 7602 18 formed form VBD 7960 7602 19 a a DT 7960 7602 20 kingdom kingdom NN 7960 7602 21 on on IN 7960 7602 22 the the DT 7960 7602 23 eastern eastern JJ 7960 7602 24 boundary boundary NN 7960 7602 25 of of IN 7960 7602 26 Germany Germany NNP 7960 7602 27 . . . 7960 7603 1 Seeing see VBG 7960 7603 2 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7603 3 great great JJ 7960 7603 4 success success NN 7960 7603 5 as as IN 7960 7603 6 missionaries missionary NNS 7960 7603 7 , , , 7960 7603 8 the the DT 7960 7603 9 pope pope NNP 7960 7603 10 invited invite VBD 7960 7603 11 them -PRON- PRP 7960 7603 12 to to IN 7960 7603 13 Rome Rome NNP 7960 7603 14 and and CC 7960 7603 15 secured secure VBD 7960 7603 16 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7603 17 consent consent NN 7960 7603 18 to to IN 7960 7603 19 an an DT 7960 7603 20 arrangement arrangement NN 7960 7603 21 which which WDT 7960 7603 22 brought bring VBD 7960 7603 23 the the DT 7960 7603 24 Moravian Moravian NNP 7960 7603 25 Christians Christians NNPS 7960 7603 26 under under IN 7960 7603 27 the the DT 7960 7603 28 control control NN 7960 7603 29 of of IN 7960 7603 30 the the DT 7960 7603 31 Papacy Papacy NNP 7960 7603 32 . . . 7960 7604 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 7604 2 28 28 CD 7960 7604 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 7604 4 From from IN 7960 7604 5 Moravia Moravia NNP 7960 7604 6 Christianity Christianity NNP 7960 7604 7 penetrated penetrate VBD 7960 7604 8 into into IN 7960 7604 9 Bohemia Bohemia NNP 7960 7604 10 and and CC 7960 7604 11 Poland Poland NNP 7960 7604 12 . . . 7960 7605 1 These these DT 7960 7605 2 countries country NNS 7960 7605 3 still still RB 7960 7605 4 remain remain VBP 7960 7605 5 strongholds stronghold NNS 7960 7605 6 of of IN 7960 7605 7 the the DT 7960 7605 8 Roman Roman NNP 7960 7605 9 Church Church NNP 7960 7605 10 . . . 7960 7606 1 The the DT 7960 7606 2 Serbians Serbians NNPS 7960 7606 3 and and CC 7960 7606 4 Russians Russians NNPS 7960 7606 5 , , , 7960 7606 6 as as IN 7960 7606 7 we -PRON- PRP 7960 7606 8 have have VBP 7960 7606 9 learned learn VBN 7960 7606 10 , , , 7960 7606 11 [ [ -LRB- 7960 7606 12 29 29 CD 7960 7606 13 ] ] -RRB- 7960 7606 14 received receive VBN 7960 7606 15 Christianity Christianity NNP 7960 7606 16 by by IN 7960 7606 17 way way NN 7960 7606 18 of of IN 7960 7606 19 Constantinople Constantinople NNP 7960 7606 20 and and CC 7960 7606 21 so so RB 7960 7606 22 became become VBD 7960 7606 23 adherents adherent NNS 7960 7606 24 of of IN 7960 7606 25 the the DT 7960 7606 26 Greek Greek NNP 7960 7606 27 Church Church NNP 7960 7606 28 . . . 7960 7607 1 FINAL final JJ 7960 7607 2 EXTENSION EXTENSION NNP 7960 7607 3 OF of IN 7960 7607 4 ROMAN ROMAN NNP 7960 7607 5 CATHOLICISM CATHOLICISM NNP 7960 7607 6 Roman Roman NNP 7960 7607 7 Catholicism Catholicism NNP 7960 7607 8 gradually gradually RB 7960 7607 9 spread spread VBD 7960 7607 10 to to IN 7960 7607 11 most most JJS 7960 7607 12 of of IN 7960 7607 13 the the DT 7960 7607 14 remaining remain VBG 7960 7607 15 peoples people NNS 7960 7607 16 of of IN 7960 7607 17 Europe Europe NNP 7960 7607 18 . . . 7960 7608 1 The the DT 7960 7608 2 conversion conversion NN 7960 7608 3 of of IN 7960 7608 4 the the DT 7960 7608 5 Norwegians Norwegians NNPS 7960 7608 6 and and CC 7960 7608 7 Swedes Swedes NNP 7960 7608 8 was be VBD 7960 7608 9 well well RB 7960 7608 10 advanced advanced JJ 7960 7608 11 by by IN 7960 7608 12 the the DT 7960 7608 13 middle middle NN 7960 7608 14 of of IN 7960 7608 15 the the DT 7960 7608 16 eleventh eleventh JJ 7960 7608 17 century century NN 7960 7608 18 . . . 7960 7609 1 The the DT 7960 7609 2 Magyars Magyars NNPS 7960 7609 3 , , , 7960 7609 4 or or CC 7960 7609 5 Hungarians Hungarians NNPS 7960 7609 6 , , , 7960 7609 7 accepted accept VBD 7960 7609 8 Christianity Christianity NNP 7960 7609 9 at at IN 7960 7609 10 about about IN 7960 7609 11 the the DT 7960 7609 12 same same JJ 7960 7609 13 date date NN 7960 7609 14 . . . 7960 7610 1 The the DT 7960 7610 2 king king NN 7960 7610 3 of of IN 7960 7610 4 Hungary Hungary NNP 7960 7610 5 was be VBD 7960 7610 6 such such PDT 7960 7610 7 a a DT 7960 7610 8 devout devout JJ 7960 7610 9 Catholic Catholic NNP 7960 7610 10 that that IN 7960 7610 11 in in IN 7960 7610 12 the the DT 7960 7610 13 year year NN 7960 7610 14 1000 1000 CD 7960 7610 15 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 7610 16 the the DT 7960 7610 17 pope pope NN 7960 7610 18 sent send VBD 7960 7610 19 to to IN 7960 7610 20 him -PRON- PRP 7960 7610 21 a a DT 7960 7610 22 golden golden JJ 7960 7610 23 crown crown NN 7960 7610 24 and and CC 7960 7610 25 saluted salute VBD 7960 7610 26 him -PRON- PRP 7960 7610 27 as as IN 7960 7610 28 " " `` 7960 7610 29 His -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7610 30 Apostolic Apostolic NNP 7960 7610 31 Majesty Majesty NNP 7960 7610 32 . . . 7960 7610 33 " " '' 7960 7611 1 The the DT 7960 7611 2 last last JJ 7960 7611 3 parts part NNS 7960 7611 4 of of IN 7960 7611 5 heathen heathen NNP 7960 7611 6 Europe Europe NNP 7960 7611 7 to to TO 7960 7611 8 receive receive VB 7960 7611 9 the the DT 7960 7611 10 message message NN 7960 7611 11 of of IN 7960 7611 12 the the DT 7960 7611 13 gospel gospel NN 7960 7611 14 were be VBD 7960 7611 15 the the DT 7960 7611 16 districts district NNS 7960 7611 17 south south NNP 7960 7611 18 and and CC 7960 7611 19 east east JJ 7960 7611 20 of of IN 7960 7611 21 the the DT 7960 7611 22 Baltic Baltic NNP 7960 7611 23 , , , 7960 7611 24 occupied occupy VBN 7960 7611 25 by by IN 7960 7611 26 the the DT 7960 7611 27 Prussians Prussians NNPS 7960 7611 28 , , , 7960 7611 29 Lithuanians Lithuanians NNPS 7960 7611 30 , , , 7960 7611 31 and and CC 7960 7611 32 Finns Finns NNP 7960 7611 33 . . . 7960 7612 1 Their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7612 2 conversion conversion NN 7960 7612 3 took take VBD 7960 7612 4 place place NN 7960 7612 5 between between IN 7960 7612 6 the the DT 7960 7612 7 twelfth twelfth JJ 7960 7612 8 and and CC 7960 7612 9 fourteenth fourteenth JJ 7960 7612 10 centuries century NNS 7960 7612 11 . . . 7960 7613 1 127 127 CD 7960 7613 2 . . . 7960 7614 1 SEPARATION separation NN 7960 7614 2 OF of IN 7960 7614 3 EASTERN EASTERN NNS 7960 7614 4 AND and CC 7960 7614 5 WESTERN WESTERN NNP 7960 7614 6 CHRISTIANITY CHRISTIANITY NNP 7960 7614 7 DIVERGENCE DIVERGENCE NNS 7960 7614 8 OF of IN 7960 7614 9 EAST east NN 7960 7614 10 AND and CC 7960 7614 11 WEST WEST NNP 7960 7614 12 Before before IN 7960 7614 13 the the DT 7960 7614 14 Christian christian JJ 7960 7614 15 conquest conquest NN 7960 7614 16 of of IN 7960 7614 17 Europe Europe NNP 7960 7614 18 was be VBD 7960 7614 19 finished finish VBN 7960 7614 20 , , , 7960 7614 21 Christianity Christianity NNP 7960 7614 22 had have VBD 7960 7614 23 divided divide VBN 7960 7614 24 into into IN 7960 7614 25 two two CD 7960 7614 26 great great JJ 7960 7614 27 communions communion NNS 7960 7614 28 -- -- : 7960 7614 29 the the DT 7960 7614 30 Greek Greek NNP 7960 7614 31 Church Church NNP 7960 7614 32 and and CC 7960 7614 33 the the DT 7960 7614 34 Roman Roman NNP 7960 7614 35 Church Church NNP 7960 7614 36 . . . 7960 7615 1 Their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7615 2 separation separation NN 7960 7615 3 was be VBD 7960 7615 4 a a DT 7960 7615 5 long long JJ 7960 7615 6 , , , 7960 7615 7 slow slow JJ 7960 7615 8 process process NN 7960 7615 9 , , , 7960 7615 10 arising arise VBG 7960 7615 11 from from IN 7960 7615 12 the the DT 7960 7615 13 deep deep RB 7960 7615 14 - 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7960 7628 4 A.D. A.D. 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A.D. NNP 7960 7641 1 The the DT 7960 7641 2 final final JJ 7960 7641 3 rupture rupture NN 7960 7641 4 of of IN 7960 7641 5 Christendom Christendom NNP 7960 7641 6 was be VBD 7960 7641 7 delayed delay VBN 7960 7641 8 until until IN 7960 7641 9 the the DT 7960 7641 10 middle middle NN 7960 7641 11 of of IN 7960 7641 12 the the DT 7960 7641 13 eleventh eleventh JJ 7960 7641 14 century century NN 7960 7641 15 . . . 7960 7642 1 In in IN 7960 7642 2 1054 1054 CD 7960 7642 3 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 7642 4 the the DT 7960 7642 5 pope pope NN 7960 7642 6 sent send VBD 7960 7642 7 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7642 8 legates legate NNS 7960 7642 9 to to IN 7960 7642 10 Constantinople Constantinople NNP 7960 7642 11 to to TO 7960 7642 12 demand demand VB 7960 7642 13 obedience obedience NN 7960 7642 14 to to IN 7960 7642 15 the the DT 7960 7642 16 Papacy Papacy NNP 7960 7642 17 . . . 7960 7643 1 This this DT 7960 7643 2 being be VBG 7960 7643 3 refused refuse VBN 7960 7643 4 , , , 7960 7643 5 they -PRON- PRP 7960 7643 6 laid lay VBD 7960 7643 7 upon upon IN 7960 7643 8 the the DT 7960 7643 9 high high JJ 7960 7643 10 altar altar NN 7960 7643 11 of of IN 7960 7643 12 Sancta Sancta NNP 7960 7643 13 Sophia Sophia NNP 7960 7643 14 the the DT 7960 7643 15 pope pope NN 7960 7643 16 's 's POS 7960 7643 17 bill bill NN 7960 7643 18 of of IN 7960 7643 19 excommunication excommunication NN 7960 7643 20 . . . 7960 7644 1 Against against IN 7960 7644 2 the the DT 7960 7644 3 patriarch patriarch NN 7960 7644 4 and and CC 7960 7644 5 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7644 6 followers follower NNS 7960 7644 7 they -PRON- PRP 7960 7644 8 pronounced pronounce VBD 7960 7644 9 a a DT 7960 7644 10 solemn solemn JJ 7960 7644 11 curse curse NN 7960 7644 12 , , , 7960 7644 13 or or CC 7960 7644 14 anathema anathema NN 7960 7644 15 , , , 7960 7644 16 devoting devote VBG 7960 7644 17 them -PRON- PRP 7960 7644 18 " " '' 7960 7644 19 to to IN 7960 7644 20 the the DT 7960 7644 21 eternal eternal JJ 7960 7644 22 society society NN 7960 7644 23 of of IN 7960 7644 24 the the DT 7960 7644 25 Devil Devil NNP 7960 7644 26 and and CC 7960 7644 27 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7644 28 angels angel NNS 7960 7644 29 . . . 7960 7644 30 " " '' 7960 7645 1 Then then RB 7960 7645 2 , , , 7960 7645 3 we -PRON- PRP 7960 7645 4 are be VBP 7960 7645 5 told tell VBN 7960 7645 6 , , , 7960 7645 7 they -PRON- PRP 7960 7645 8 strode stride VBD 7960 7645 9 out out IN 7960 7645 10 of of IN 7960 7645 11 Sancta Sancta NNP 7960 7645 12 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7647 5 . . . 7960 7648 1 THE the DT 7960 7648 2 GREEK GREEK NNP 7960 7648 3 CHURCH CHURCH VBZ 7960 7648 4 THE the DT 7960 7648 5 GREEK greek NN 7960 7648 6 AND and CC 7960 7648 7 ROMAN ROMAN VBN 7960 7648 8 CHURCH church NN 7960 7648 9 COMPARED compare VBN 7960 7648 10 The the DT 7960 7648 11 Greek greek JJ 7960 7648 12 and and CC 7960 7648 13 Roman roman JJ 7960 7648 14 churches church NNS 7960 7648 15 , , , 7960 7648 16 in in IN 7960 7648 17 some some DT 7960 7648 18 respects respect NNS 7960 7648 19 , , , 7960 7648 20 are be VBP 7960 7648 21 nearer nearer RB 7960 7648 22 together together RB 7960 7648 23 than than IN 7960 7648 24 Roman roman JJ 7960 7648 25 Catholicism Catholicism NNP 7960 7648 26 and and CC 7960 7648 27 Protestantism Protestantism NNP 7960 7648 28 . . . 7960 7649 1 Both both DT 7960 7649 2 recognize recognize VBP 7960 7649 3 three three CD 7960 7649 4 orders order NNS 7960 7649 5 for for IN 7960 7649 6 the the DT 7960 7649 7 ministry ministry NN 7960 7649 8 , , , 7960 7649 9 namely namely RB 7960 7649 10 , , , 7960 7649 11 bishops bishop NNS 7960 7649 12 , , , 7960 7649 13 priests priest NNS 7960 7649 14 , , , 7960 7649 15 and and CC 7960 7649 16 deacons deacon NNS 7960 7649 17 . . . 7960 7650 1 Priests priest NNS 7960 7650 2 of of IN 7960 7650 3 the the DT 7960 7650 4 Greek Greek NNP 7960 7650 5 Church Church NNP 7960 7650 6 may may MD 7960 7650 7 marry marry VB 7960 7650 8 , , , 7960 7650 9 but but CC 7960 7650 10 this this DT 7960 7650 11 privilege privilege NN 7960 7650 12 is be VBZ 7960 7650 13 not not RB 7960 7650 14 extended extend VBN 7960 7650 15 to to IN 7960 7650 16 bishops bishop NNS 7960 7650 17 , , , 7960 7650 18 who who WP 7960 7650 19 , , , 7960 7650 20 therefore therefore RB 7960 7650 21 , , , 7960 7650 22 are be VBP 7960 7650 23 chosen choose VBN 7960 7650 24 from from IN 7960 7650 25 the the DT 7960 7650 26 monks monk NNS 7960 7650 27 . . . 7960 7651 1 Baptism baptism NN 7960 7651 2 , , , 7960 7651 3 by by IN 7960 7651 4 both 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1 Despite despite IN 7960 7667 2 the the DT 7960 7667 3 local local JJ 7960 7667 4 independence independence NN 7960 7667 5 of of IN 7960 7667 6 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7667 7 branches branch NNS 7960 7667 8 , , , 7960 7667 9 the the DT 7960 7667 10 Greek Greek NNP 7960 7667 11 Church Church NNP 7960 7667 12 remains remain VBZ 7960 7667 13 unified unified JJ 7960 7667 14 in in IN 7960 7667 15 doctrine doctrine NN 7960 7667 16 . . . 7960 7668 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 7668 2 claims claim VBZ 7960 7668 3 to to TO 7960 7668 4 be be VB 7960 7668 5 the the DT 7960 7668 6 only only JJ 7960 7668 7 " " `` 7960 7668 8 Orthodox Orthodox NNP 7960 7668 9 " " '' 7960 7668 10 church church NN 7960 7668 11 and and CC 7960 7668 12 clings cling NNS 7960 7668 13 with with IN 7960 7668 14 almost almost RB 7960 7668 15 Oriental oriental JJ 7960 7668 16 conservatism conservatism NN 7960 7668 17 to to IN 7960 7668 18 the the DT 7960 7668 19 traditions tradition NNS 7960 7668 20 of of IN 7960 7668 21 earlier early 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the the DT 7960 7689 6 Roman Roman NNP 7960 7689 7 Church Church NNP 7960 7689 8 was be VBD 7960 7689 9 an an DT 7960 7689 10 indispensable indispensable JJ 7960 7689 11 agent agent NN 7960 7689 12 in in IN 7960 7689 13 the the DT 7960 7689 14 making making NN 7960 7689 15 of of IN 7960 7689 16 medieval medieval JJ 7960 7689 17 Europe Europe NNP 7960 7689 18 . . . 7960 7690 1 THE the DT 7960 7690 2 MENACE menace NN 7960 7690 3 TO to IN 7960 7690 4 CHRISTENDOM CHRISTENDOM NNP 7960 7690 5 Christianity Christianity NNP 7960 7690 6 in in IN 7960 7690 7 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7690 8 Greek greek JJ 7960 7690 9 and and CC 7960 7690 10 Roman roman JJ 7960 7690 11 forms form NNS 7960 7690 12 was be VBD 7960 7690 13 not not RB 7960 7690 14 the the DT 7960 7690 15 only only JJ 7960 7690 16 great great JJ 7960 7690 17 religion religion NN 7960 7690 18 of of IN 7960 7690 19 the the DT 7960 7690 20 Middle Middle NNP 7960 7690 21 Ages Ages NNPS 7960 7690 22 . . . 7960 7691 1 In in IN 7960 7691 2 the 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Apostles apostle NNS 7960 7720 8 to to IN 7960 7720 9 the the DT 7960 7720 10 Slavs Slavs NNP 7960 7720 11 " " '' 7960 7720 12 ? ? . 7960 7721 1 15 15 CD 7960 7721 2 . . . 7960 7722 1 Comment comment NN 7960 7722 2 on on IN 7960 7722 3 the the DT 7960 7722 4 significance significance NN 7960 7722 5 to to IN 7960 7722 6 European european JJ 7960 7722 7 civilization civilization NN 7960 7722 8 of of IN 7960 7722 9 the the DT 7960 7722 10 missionary missionary JJ 7960 7722 11 activity activity NN 7960 7722 12 of of IN 7960 7722 13 the the DT 7960 7722 14 Christian Christian NNP 7960 7722 15 Church Church NNP 7960 7722 16 in in IN 7960 7722 17 the the DT 7960 7722 18 Middle Middle NNP 7960 7722 19 Ages Ages NNPS 7960 7722 20 . . . 7960 7723 1 16 16 CD 7960 7723 2 . . . 7960 7724 1 Why why WRB 7960 7724 2 has have VBZ 7960 7724 3 the the DT 7960 7724 4 separation separation NN 7960 7724 5 of of IN 7960 7724 6 the the DT 7960 7724 7 Greek greek JJ 7960 7724 8 and and CC 7960 7724 9 Roman roman JJ 7960 7724 10 churches church NNS 7960 7724 11 been be VBN 7960 7724 12 described describe VBN 7960 7724 13 as as IN 7960 7724 14 " " `` 7960 7724 15 the the DT 7960 7724 16 most most RBS 7960 7724 17 momentous momentous JJ 7960 7724 18 fact fact NN 7960 7724 19 in in IN 7960 7724 20 the the DT 7960 7724 21 history history NN 7960 7724 22 of of IN 7960 7724 23 Christendom Christendom NNP 7960 7724 24 during during IN 7960 7724 25 the the DT 7960 7724 26 Middle Middle NNP 7960 7724 27 Ages Ages NNPS 7960 7724 28 " " '' 7960 7724 29 ? ? . 7960 7725 1 17 17 CD 7960 7725 2 . . . 7960 7726 1 Why why WRB 7960 7726 2 could could MD 7960 7726 3 not not RB 7960 7726 4 such such PDT 7960 7726 5 an an DT 7960 7726 6 institution institution NN 7960 7726 7 as as IN 7960 7726 8 the the DT 7960 7726 9 Papacy Papacy NNP 7960 7726 10 develop develop VBP 7960 7726 11 in in IN 7960 7726 12 the the DT 7960 7726 13 East East NNP 7960 7726 14 ? ? . 7960 7727 1 FOOTNOTES FOOTNOTES NNP 7960 7727 2 [ [ -LRB- 7960 7727 3 1 1 CD 7960 7727 4 ] ] -RRB- 7960 7727 5 Webster Webster NNP 7960 7727 6 , , , 7960 7727 7 _ _ NNP 7960 7727 8 Readings Readings NNP 7960 7727 9 in in IN 7960 7727 10 Medieval Medieval NNP 7960 7727 11 and and CC 7960 7727 12 Modern Modern NNP 7960 7727 13 History History NNP 7960 7727 14 _ _ NNP 7960 7727 15 , , , 7960 7727 16 chapter chapter NN 7960 7727 17 iii iii CD 7960 7727 18 , , , 7960 7727 19 " " `` 7960 7727 20 The the DT 7960 7727 21 Benedictine Benedictine NNP 7960 7727 22 Rule Rule NNP 7960 7727 23 " " '' 7960 7727 24 ; ; : 7960 7727 25 chapter chapter NN 7960 7727 26 iv iv NNP 7960 7727 27 , , , 7960 7727 28 " " `` 7960 7727 29 The the DT 7960 7727 30 Reestablishment Reestablishment NNP 7960 7727 31 of of IN 7960 7727 32 Christianity Christianity NNP 7960 7727 33 in in IN 7960 7727 34 Britain Britain NNP 7960 7727 35 " " '' 7960 7727 36 ; ; : 7960 7727 37 chapter chapter NN 7960 7727 38 v v NNP 7960 7727 39 , , , 7960 7727 40 " " '' 7960 7727 41 St. St. NNP 7960 7727 42 Boniface Boniface NNP 7960 7727 43 , , , 7960 7727 44 Apostle apostle NN 7960 7727 45 to to IN 7960 7727 46 the the DT 7960 7727 47 Germans Germans NNPS 7960 7727 48 . . . 7960 7727 49 " " '' 7960 7728 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 7728 2 2 2 LS 7960 7728 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 7728 4 The the DT 7960 7728 5 correspondence correspondence NN 7960 7728 6 may may MD 7960 7728 7 be be VB 7960 7728 8 indicated indicate VBN 7960 7728 9 as as IN 7960 7728 10 follows follow VBZ 7960 7728 11 : : : 7960 7728 12 The the DT 7960 7728 13 Roman Roman NNP 7960 7728 14 Empire Empire NNP 7960 7728 15 The the DT 7960 7728 16 Christian Christian NNP 7960 7728 17 Church Church NNP 7960 7728 18 City City NNP 7960 7728 19 -- -- : 7960 7728 20 Municipal municipal JJ 7960 7728 21 officials official NNS 7960 7728 22 . . . 7960 7729 1 Bishop Bishop NNP 7960 7729 2 . . . 7960 7730 1 Province Province NNP 7960 7730 2 -- -- : 7960 7730 3 Governor governor NN 7960 7730 4 . . . 7960 7731 1 Archbishop Archbishop NNP 7960 7731 2 , , , 7960 7731 3 or or CC 7960 7731 4 Metropolitan Metropolitan NNP 7960 7731 5 . . . 7960 7732 1 Diocese Diocese NNP 7960 7732 2 -- -- : 7960 7732 3 Vicar Vicar NNP 7960 7732 4 . . . 7960 7733 1 Patriarch Patriarch NNP 7960 7733 2 . . . 7960 7734 1 Prefecture prefecture NN 7960 7734 2 -- -- : 7960 7734 3 Prefect Prefect NNP 7960 7734 4 . . . 7960 7735 1 ( ( -LRB- 7960 7735 2 No no DT 7960 7735 3 corresponding correspond VBG 7960 7735 4 division division NN 7960 7735 5 . . . 7960 7735 6 ) ) -RRB- 7960 7736 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 7736 2 3 3 LS 7960 7736 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 7736 4 See see VB 7960 7736 5 page page NN 7960 7736 6 235 235 CD 7960 7736 7 . . . 7960 7737 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 7737 2 4 4 LS 7960 7737 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 7737 4 See see VB 7960 7737 5 page page NN 7960 7737 6 258 258 CD 7960 7737 7 . . . 7960 7738 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 7738 2 5 5 LS 7960 7738 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 7738 4 See see VB 7960 7738 5 page page NN 7960 7738 6 236 236 CD 7960 7738 7 . . . 7960 7739 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 7739 2 6 6 CD 7960 7739 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 7739 4 See see VB 7960 7739 5 page page NN 7960 7739 6 284 284 CD 7960 7739 7 . . . 7960 7740 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 7740 2 7 7 CD 7960 7740 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 7740 4 _ _ NNP 7960 7740 5 John John NNP 7960 7740 6 _ _ NNP 7960 7740 7 , , , 7960 7740 8 xx xx NNP 7960 7740 9 , , , 7960 7740 10 i i NNP 7960 7740 11 , , , 7960 7740 12 19 19 CD 7960 7740 13 ; ; : 7960 7740 14 compare compare VBP 7960 7740 15 I -PRON- PRP 7960 7740 16 _ _ NNP 7960 7740 17 Corinthians Corinthians NNPS 7960 7740 18 _ _ NNP 7960 7740 19 , , , 7960 7740 20 xvi xvi NNP 7960 7740 21 , , , 7960 7740 22 2 2 CD 7960 7740 23 . . . 7960 7741 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 7741 2 8 8 LS 7960 7741 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 7741 4 See see VB 7960 7741 5 page page NN 7960 7741 6 235 235 CD 7960 7741 7 and and CC 7960 7741 8 note note VB 7960 7741 9 1 1 CD 7960 7741 10 . . . 7960 7742 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 7742 2 9 9 CD 7960 7742 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 7742 4 See see VB 7960 7742 5 _ _ NNP 7960 7742 6 Acts Acts NNPS 7960 7742 7 _ _ NNP 7960 7742 8 , , , 7960 7742 9 ii ii NNP 7960 7742 10 , , , 7960 7742 11 1 1 CD 7960 7742 12 - - SYM 7960 7742 13 4 4 CD 7960 7742 14 . . . 7960 7743 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 7743 2 10 10 CD 7960 7743 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 7743 4 See see VB 7960 7743 5 page page NN 7960 7743 6 239 239 CD 7960 7743 7 , , , 7960 7743 8 note note VBP 7960 7743 9 1 1 CD 7960 7743 10 . . . 7960 7744 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 7744 2 11 11 CD 7960 7744 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 7744 4 In in IN 7960 7744 5 modern modern JJ 7960 7744 6 India India NNP 7960 7744 7 ( ( -LRB- 7960 7744 8 Malabar Malabar NNP 7960 7744 9 ) ) -RRB- 7960 7744 10 there there EX 7960 7744 11 are be VBP 7960 7744 12 no no RB 7960 7744 13 less less JJR 7960 7744 14 than than IN 7960 7744 15 400,000 400,000 CD 7960 7744 16 Syrian syrian JJ 7960 7744 17 Christians Christians NNPS 7960 7744 18 who who WP 7960 7744 19 owe owe VBP 7960 7744 20 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7744 21 religion religion NN 7960 7744 22 to to IN 7960 7744 23 Nestorian nestorian JJ 7960 7744 24 missionaries missionary NNS 7960 7744 25 . . . 7960 7745 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 7745 2 12 12 CD 7960 7745 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 7745 4 See see VB 7960 7745 5 page page NN 7960 7745 6 362 362 CD 7960 7745 7 . . . 7960 7746 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 7746 2 13 13 CD 7960 7746 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 7746 4 See see VB 7960 7746 5 page page NN 7960 7746 6 236 236 CD 7960 7746 7 . . . 7960 7747 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 7747 2 14 14 CD 7960 7747 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 7747 4 See see VB 7960 7747 5 pages page NNS 7960 7747 6 248 248 CD 7960 7747 7 - - SYM 7960 7747 8 249 249 CD 7960 7747 9 . . . 7960 7748 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 7748 2 15 15 CD 7960 7748 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 7748 4 See see VB 7960 7748 5 page page NN 7960 7748 6 322 322 CD 7960 7748 7 . . . 7960 7749 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 7749 2 16 16 CD 7960 7749 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 7749 4 _ _ NNP 7960 7749 5 Servus Servus NNP 7960 7749 6 servorum servorum NN 7960 7749 7 Dei Dei NNP 7960 7749 8 _ _ NNP 7960 7749 9 . . . 7960 7750 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 7750 2 17 17 CD 7960 7750 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 7750 4 See see VB 7960 7750 5 pages page NNS 7960 7750 6 305 305 CD 7960 7750 7 - - SYM 7960 7750 8 307 307 CD 7960 7750 9 . . . 7960 7751 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 7751 2 18 18 CD 7960 7751 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 7751 4 From from IN 7960 7751 5 a a DT 7960 7751 6 Greek greek JJ 7960 7751 7 word word NN 7960 7751 8 which which WDT 7960 7751 9 means mean VBZ 7960 7751 10 " " `` 7960 7751 11 living live VBG 7960 7751 12 alone alone RB 7960 7751 13 . . . 7960 7751 14 " " '' 7960 7752 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 7752 2 19 19 CD 7960 7752 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 7752 4 See See NNP 7960 7752 5 Tennyson Tennyson NNP 7960 7752 6 's 's POS 7960 7752 7 poem poem NN 7960 7752 8 , , , 7960 7752 9 _ _ NNP 7960 7752 10 St. St. NNP 7960 7753 1 Simeon Simeon NNP 7960 7753 2 Stylites Stylites NNP 7960 7753 3 _ _ NNP 7960 7753 4 . . . 7960 7754 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 7754 2 20 20 CD 7960 7754 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 7754 4 From from IN 7960 7754 5 a a DT 7960 7754 6 Syrian syrian JJ 7960 7754 7 word word NN 7960 7754 8 , , , 7960 7754 9 abba abba FW 7960 7754 10 , , , 7960 7754 11 meaning mean VBG 7960 7754 12 " " `` 7960 7754 13 father father NN 7960 7754 14 . . . 7960 7754 15 " " '' 7960 7755 1 Hence hence RB 7960 7755 2 a a DT 7960 7755 3 monastery monastery NN 7960 7755 4 was be VBD 7960 7755 5 often often RB 7960 7755 6 called call VBN 7960 7755 7 an an DT 7960 7755 8 abbey abbey NN 7960 7755 9 . . . 7960 7756 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 7756 2 21 21 CD 7960 7756 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 7756 4 Other other JJ 7960 7756 5 monastic monastic JJ 7960 7756 6 orders order NNS 7960 7756 7 arose arise VBD 7960 7756 8 during during IN 7960 7756 9 the the DT 7960 7756 10 later later JJ 7960 7756 11 Middle Middle NNP 7960 7756 12 Ages Ages NNP 7960 7756 13 ( ( -LRB- 7960 7756 14 see see VB 7960 7756 15 pages page NNS 7960 7756 16 449 449 CD 7960 7756 17 , , , 7960 7756 18 452 452 CD 7960 7756 19 ) ) -RRB- 7960 7756 20 , , , 7960 7756 21 but but CC 7960 7756 22 the the DT 7960 7756 23 Benedictines Benedictines NNPS 7960 7756 24 still still RB 7960 7756 25 exist exist VBP 7960 7756 26 , , , 7960 7756 27 chiefly chiefly RB 7960 7756 28 in in IN 7960 7756 29 Austria Austria NNP 7960 7756 30 and and CC 7960 7756 31 Italy Italy NNP 7960 7756 32 . . . 7960 7757 1 Their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7757 2 order order NN 7960 7757 3 was be VBD 7960 7757 4 introduced introduce VBN 7960 7757 5 into into IN 7960 7757 6 the the DT 7960 7757 7 United United NNP 7960 7757 8 States States NNP 7960 7757 9 during during IN 7960 7757 10 the the DT 7960 7757 11 nineteenth nineteenth JJ 7960 7757 12 century century NN 7960 7757 13 . . . 7960 7758 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 7758 2 22 22 CD 7960 7758 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 7758 4 _ _ NNP 7960 7758 5 Laborare Laborare NNP 7960 7758 6 est e JJS 7960 7758 7 orare orare NN 7960 7758 8 . . . 7960 7758 9 _ _ NNP 7960 7758 10 [ [ -LRB- 7960 7758 11 23 23 CD 7960 7758 12 ] ] -RRB- 7960 7758 13 For for IN 7960 7758 14 the the DT 7960 7758 15 missionary missionary JJ 7960 7758 16 work work NN 7960 7758 17 of of IN 7960 7758 18 Celtic celtic JJ 7960 7758 19 Christians Christians NNPS 7960 7758 20 see see VBP 7960 7758 21 page page NN 7960 7758 22 323 323 CD 7960 7758 23 and and CC 7960 7758 24 note note VB 7960 7758 25 1 1 CD 7960 7758 26 . . . 7960 7759 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 7759 2 24 24 CD 7960 7759 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 7759 4 See see VB 7960 7759 5 page page NN 7960 7759 6 236 236 CD 7960 7759 7 . . . 7960 7760 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 7760 2 25 25 CD 7960 7760 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 7760 4 See see VB 7960 7760 5 pages page NNS 7960 7760 6 304 304 CD 7960 7760 7 - - SYM 7960 7760 8 305 305 CD 7960 7760 9 . . . 7960 7761 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 7761 2 26 26 CD 7960 7761 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 7761 4 See see VB 7960 7761 5 pages page NNS 7960 7761 6 322 322 CD 7960 7761 7 - - SYM 7960 7761 8 325 325 CD 7960 7761 9 . . . 7960 7762 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 7762 2 27 27 CD 7960 7762 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 7762 4 See see VB 7960 7762 5 page page NN 7960 7762 6 308 308 CD 7960 7762 7 . . . 7960 7763 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 7763 2 28 28 CD 7960 7763 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 7763 4 Cyril Cyril NNP 7960 7763 5 and and CC 7960 7763 6 Methodius Methodius NNP 7960 7763 7 were be VBD 7960 7763 8 canonized canonize VBN 7960 7763 9 by by IN 7960 7763 10 Pope Pope NNP 7960 7763 11 Leo Leo NNP 7960 7763 12 XIII XIII NNP 7960 7763 13 in in IN 7960 7763 14 1881 1881 CD 7960 7763 15 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 7763 16 A a DT 7960 7763 17 millenial millenial JJ 7960 7763 18 celebration celebration NN 7960 7763 19 of of IN 7960 7763 20 the the DT 7960 7763 21 two two CD 7960 7763 22 apostles apostle NNS 7960 7763 23 was be VBD 7960 7763 24 held hold VBN 7960 7763 25 in in IN 7960 7763 26 1863 1863 CD 7960 7763 27 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 7763 28 by by IN 7960 7763 29 the the DT 7960 7763 30 people people NNS 7960 7763 31 of of IN 7960 7763 32 Moravia Moravia NNP 7960 7763 33 and and CC 7960 7763 34 Bohemia Bohemia NNP 7960 7763 35 . . . 7960 7764 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 7764 2 29 29 CD 7960 7764 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 7764 4 See see VB 7960 7764 5 page page NN 7960 7764 6 335 335 CD 7960 7764 7 . . . 7960 7765 1 The the DT 7960 7765 2 Bulgarians Bulgarians NNPS 7960 7765 3 also also RB 7960 7765 4 got get VBD 7960 7765 5 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7765 6 Christianity Christianity NNP 7960 7765 7 from from IN 7960 7765 8 Constantinople Constantinople NNP 7960 7765 9 in in IN 7960 7765 10 the the DT 7960 7765 11 ninth ninth JJ 7960 7765 12 century century NN 7960 7765 13 . . . 7960 7766 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 7766 2 30 30 CD 7960 7766 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 7766 4 See see VB 7960 7766 5 pages page NNS 7960 7766 6 217 217 CD 7960 7766 7 , , , 7960 7766 8 223 223 CD 7960 7766 9 . . . 7960 7767 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 7767 2 31 31 CD 7960 7767 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 7767 4 See see VB 7960 7767 5 page page NN 7960 7767 6 376 376 CD 7960 7767 7 . . . 7960 7768 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 7768 2 32 32 CD 7960 7768 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 7768 4 Unsuccessful unsuccessful JJ 7960 7768 5 attempts attempt NNS 7960 7768 6 to to TO 7960 7768 7 heal heal VB 7960 7768 8 the the DT 7960 7768 9 schism schism NN 7960 7768 10 between between IN 7960 7768 11 the the DT 7960 7768 12 two two CD 7960 7768 13 churches church NNS 7960 7768 14 took take VBD 7960 7768 15 place place NN 7960 7768 16 in in IN 7960 7768 17 the the DT 7960 7768 18 Middle Middle NNP 7960 7768 19 Ages Ages NNPS 7960 7768 20 . . . 7960 7769 1 The the DT 7960 7769 2 latest late JJS 7960 7769 3 movement movement NN 7960 7769 4 in in IN 7960 7769 5 this this DT 7960 7769 6 direction direction NN 7960 7769 7 was be VBD 7960 7769 8 made make VBN 7960 7769 9 by by IN 7960 7769 10 Pope Pope NNP 7960 7769 11 Leo Leo NNP 7960 7769 12 XIII XIII NNP 7960 7769 13 in in IN 7960 7769 14 1894 1894 CD 7960 7769 15 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 7769 16 , , , 7960 7769 17 but but CC 7960 7769 18 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7769 19 efforts effort NNS 7960 7769 20 were be VBD 7960 7769 21 not not RB 7960 7769 22 crowned crown VBN 7960 7769 23 with with IN 7960 7769 24 success success NN 7960 7769 25 . . . 7960 7770 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 7770 2 33 33 CD 7960 7770 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 7770 4 See see VB 7960 7770 5 page page NN 7960 7770 6 186 186 CD 7960 7770 7 , , , 7960 7770 8 note note VBP 7960 7770 9 2 2 CD 7960 7770 10 . . . 7960 7771 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 7771 2 34 34 CD 7960 7771 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 7771 4 Many many JJ 7960 7771 5 Roman Roman NNPS 7960 7771 6 Catholics Catholics NNPS 7960 7771 7 are be VBP 7960 7771 8 found find VBN 7960 7771 9 in in IN 7960 7771 10 Croatia Croatia NNP 7960 7771 11 - - HYPH 7960 7771 12 Slavonia Slavonia NNP 7960 7771 13 , , , 7960 7771 14 Bosnia Bosnia NNP 7960 7771 15 , , , 7960 7771 16 Dalmatia Dalmatia NNP 7960 7771 17 , , , 7960 7771 18 and and CC 7960 7771 19 Albania Albania NNP 7960 7771 20 . . . 7960 7772 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 7772 2 35 35 CD 7960 7772 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 7772 4 See see VB 7960 7772 5 page page NN 7960 7772 6 148 148 CD 7960 7772 7 , , , 7960 7772 8 note note VBP 7960 7772 9 2 2 CD 7960 7772 10 . . . 7960 7773 1 CHAPTER chapter NN 7960 7773 2 XVI XVI NNP 7960 7773 3 THE THE NNP 7960 7773 4 ORIENT orient NN 7960 7773 5 AGAINST against IN 7960 7773 6 THE the DT 7960 7773 7 OCCIDENT occident NN 7960 7773 8 : : : 7960 7773 9 RISE RISE NNP 7960 7773 10 AND and CC 7960 7773 11 SPREAD SPREAD NNP 7960 7773 12 OF of IN 7960 7773 13 ISLAM ISLAM NNP 7960 7773 14 , , , 7960 7773 15 622 622 CD 7960 7773 16 - - HYPH 7960 7773 17 1058 1058 CD 7960 7773 18 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 7773 19 [ [ -LRB- 7960 7773 20 1 1 CD 7960 7773 21 ] ] -RRB- 7960 7773 22 130 130 CD 7960 7773 23 . . . 7960 7774 1 ARABIA arabia NN 7960 7774 2 AND and CC 7960 7774 3 THE the DT 7960 7774 4 ARABS arabs JJ 7960 7774 5 THE the DT 7960 7774 6 ARABIAN ARABIAN NNP 7960 7774 7 PENINSULA PENINSULA NNP 7960 7774 8 Arabia Arabia NNP 7960 7774 9 , , , 7960 7774 10 a a DT 7960 7774 11 vast vast JJ 7960 7774 12 peninsula peninsula NN 7960 7774 13 between between IN 7960 7774 14 the the DT 7960 7774 15 Persian Persian NNP 7960 7774 16 Gulf Gulf NNP 7960 7774 17 , , , 7960 7774 18 the the DT 7960 7774 19 Indian Indian NNP 7960 7774 20 Ocean Ocean NNP 7960 7774 21 , , , 7960 7774 22 and and CC 7960 7774 23 the the DT 7960 7774 24 Red Red NNP 7960 7774 25 Sea Sea NNP 7960 7774 26 , , , 7960 7774 27 forms form VBZ 7960 7774 28 the the DT 7960 7774 29 link link NN 7960 7774 30 between between IN 7960 7774 31 Asia Asia NNP 7960 7774 32 and and CC 7960 7774 33 Africa Africa NNP 7960 7774 34 . . . 7960 7775 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 7775 2 is be VBZ 7960 7775 3 connected connect VBN 7960 7775 4 with with IN 7960 7775 5 Asia Asia NNP 7960 7775 6 by by IN 7960 7775 7 the the DT 7960 7775 8 arid arid NN 7960 7775 9 plains plain NNS 7960 7775 10 extending extend VBG 7960 7775 11 northward northward RB 7960 7775 12 to to IN 7960 7775 13 the the DT 7960 7775 14 Euphrates Euphrates NNP 7960 7775 15 ; ; : 7960 7775 16 with with IN 7960 7775 17 Africa Africa NNP 7960 7775 18 , , , 7960 7775 19 by by IN 7960 7775 20 the the DT 7960 7775 21 equally equally RB 7960 7775 22 arid arid JJ 7960 7775 23 isthmus isthmus NN 7960 7775 24 of of IN 7960 7775 25 Suez Suez NNP 7960 7775 26 . . . 7960 7776 1 Though though IN 7960 7776 2 the the DT 7960 7776 3 country country NN 7960 7776 4 is be VBZ 7960 7776 5 more more JJR 7960 7776 6 than than IN 7960 7776 7 one- one- JJ 7960 7776 8 third third RB 7960 7776 9 the the DT 7960 7776 10 size size NN 7960 7776 11 of of IN 7960 7776 12 the the DT 7960 7776 13 United United NNP 7960 7776 14 States States NNP 7960 7776 15 ( ( -LRB- 7960 7776 16 excluding exclude VBG 7960 7776 17 Alaska Alaska NNP 7960 7776 18 ) ) -RRB- 7960 7776 19 , , , 7960 7776 20 it -PRON- PRP 7960 7776 21 has have VBZ 7960 7776 22 never never RB 7960 7776 23 supported support VBN 7960 7776 24 a a DT 7960 7776 25 large large JJ 7960 7776 26 population population NN 7960 7776 27 . . . 7960 7777 1 The the DT 7960 7777 2 interior interior NN 7960 7777 3 , , , 7960 7777 4 except except IN 7960 7777 5 for for IN 7960 7777 6 occasional occasional JJ 7960 7777 7 oases oasis NNS 7960 7777 8 , , , 7960 7777 9 is be VBZ 7960 7777 10 a a DT 7960 7777 11 desert desert NN 7960 7777 12 , , , 7960 7777 13 inhabited inhabit VBN 7960 7777 14 only only RB 7960 7777 15 by by IN 7960 7777 16 wandering wander VBG 7960 7777 17 tribes tribe NNS 7960 7777 18 . . . 7960 7778 1 Along along IN 7960 7778 2 the the DT 7960 7778 3 southern southern JJ 7960 7778 4 and and CC 7960 7778 5 western western JJ 7960 7778 6 coasts coast NNS 7960 7778 7 , , , 7960 7778 8 between between IN 7960 7778 9 the the DT 7960 7778 10 mountains mountain NNS 7960 7778 11 and and CC 7960 7778 12 the the DT 7960 7778 13 sea sea NN 7960 7778 14 , , , 7960 7778 15 the the DT 7960 7778 16 soil soil NN 7960 7778 17 is be VBZ 7960 7778 18 generally generally RB 7960 7778 19 fertile fertile JJ 7960 7778 20 , , , 7960 7778 21 the the DT 7960 7778 22 climate climate NN 7960 7778 23 temperate temperate NN 7960 7778 24 , , , 7960 7778 25 and and CC 7960 7778 26 the the DT 7960 7778 27 rainfall rainfall NN 7960 7778 28 sufficient sufficient JJ 7960 7778 29 . . . 7960 7779 1 Here here RB 7960 7779 2 the the DT 7960 7779 3 chief chief JJ 7960 7779 4 cities city NNS 7960 7779 5 and and CC 7960 7779 6 towns town NNS 7960 7779 7 are be VBP 7960 7779 8 located locate VBN 7960 7779 9 . . . 7960 7780 1 INHABITANTS inhabitant NNS 7960 7780 2 OF of IN 7960 7780 3 ARABIA arabia NN 7960 7780 4 The the DT 7960 7780 5 original original JJ 7960 7780 6 home home NN 7960 7780 7 of of IN 7960 7780 8 the the DT 7960 7780 9 Semites Semites NNPS 7960 7780 10 is be VBZ 7960 7780 11 believed believe VBN 7960 7780 12 to to TO 7960 7780 13 have have VB 7960 7780 14 been be VBN 7960 7780 15 Arabia Arabia NNP 7960 7780 16 . . . 7960 7781 1 Some some DT 7960 7781 2 Semitic semitic JJ 7960 7781 3 peoples people NNS 7960 7781 4 appear appear VBP 7960 7781 5 to to TO 7960 7781 6 have have VB 7960 7781 7 migrated migrate VBN 7960 7781 8 northward northward RB 7960 7781 9 to to IN 7960 7781 10 Babylonia Babylonia NNP 7960 7781 11 and and CC 7960 7781 12 Syria Syria NNP 7960 7781 13 , , , 7960 7781 14 while while IN 7960 7781 15 others other NNS 7960 7781 16 crossed cross VBD 7960 7781 17 the the DT 7960 7781 18 Red Red NNP 7960 7781 19 Sea Sea NNP 7960 7781 20 to to IN 7960 7781 21 Abyssinia Abyssinia NNP 7960 7781 22 . . . 7960 7782 1 Physically physically RB 7960 7782 2 , , , 7960 7782 3 the the DT 7960 7782 4 Arabs Arabs NNPS 7960 7782 5 are be VBP 7960 7782 6 an an DT 7960 7782 7 attractive attractive JJ 7960 7782 8 people people NNS 7960 7782 9 , , , 7960 7782 10 with with IN 7960 7782 11 well well RB 7960 7782 12 - - HYPH 7960 7782 13 shaped shape VBN 7960 7782 14 , , , 7960 7782 15 muscular muscular JJ 7960 7782 16 figures figure NNS 7960 7782 17 , , , 7960 7782 18 handsome handsome JJ 7960 7782 19 , , , 7960 7782 20 bronzed bronze VBN 7960 7782 21 faces face NNS 7960 7782 22 , , , 7960 7782 23 brilliant brilliant JJ 7960 7782 24 , , , 7960 7782 25 black black JJ 7960 7782 26 eyes eye NNS 7960 7782 27 , , , 7960 7782 28 and and CC 7960 7782 29 all all PDT 7960 7782 30 the the DT 7960 7782 31 organs organ NNS 7960 7782 32 of of IN 7960 7782 33 sense sense NN 7960 7782 34 exquisitely exquisitely RB 7960 7782 35 acute acute JJ 7960 7782 36 . . . 7960 7783 1 Simple simple JJ 7960 7783 2 and and CC 7960 7783 3 abstemious abstemious JJ 7960 7783 4 in in IN 7960 7783 5 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7783 6 habits habit NNS 7960 7783 7 , , , 7960 7783 8 they -PRON- PRP 7960 7783 9 lead lead VBP 7960 7783 10 healthy healthy JJ 7960 7783 11 lives life NNS 7960 7783 12 and and CC 7960 7783 13 often often RB 7960 7783 14 reach reach VB 7960 7783 15 an an DT 7960 7783 16 extreme extreme JJ 7960 7783 17 yet yet RB 7960 7783 18 vigorous vigorous JJ 7960 7783 19 old old JJ 7960 7783 20 age age NN 7960 7783 21 . . . 7960 7784 1 THE the DT 7960 7784 2 BEDOUINS bedouin NNS 7960 7784 3 OF of IN 7960 7784 4 THE the DT 7960 7784 5 DESERT DESERT NNP 7960 7784 6 The the DT 7960 7784 7 Bedouin Bedouin NNP 7960 7784 8 Arabs Arabs NNPS 7960 7784 9 , , , 7960 7784 10 by by IN 7960 7784 11 which which WDT 7960 7784 12 name name NN 7960 7784 13 the the DT 7960 7784 14 nomadic nomadic JJ 7960 7784 15 inhabitants inhabitant NNS 7960 7784 16 of of IN 7960 7784 17 the the DT 7960 7784 18 desert desert NN 7960 7784 19 are be VBP 7960 7784 20 known know VBN 7960 7784 21 , , , 7960 7784 22 claim claim VBP 7960 7784 23 Ishmael Ishmael NNP 7960 7784 24 , , , 7960 7784 25 the the DT 7960 7784 26 son son NN 7960 7784 27 of of IN 7960 7784 28 Abraham Abraham NNP 7960 7784 29 and and CC 7960 7784 30 half half JJ 7960 7784 31 - - HYPH 7960 7784 32 brother brother NN 7960 7784 33 of of IN 7960 7784 34 Isaac Isaac NNP 7960 7784 35 , , , 7960 7784 36 as as IN 7960 7784 37 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7784 38 ancestor ancestor NN 7960 7784 39 . . . 7960 7785 1 The the DT 7960 7785 2 life life NN 7960 7785 3 which which WDT 7960 7785 4 they -PRON- PRP 7960 7785 5 lead lead VBP 7960 7785 6 in in IN 7960 7785 7 the the DT 7960 7785 8 Arabian arabian JJ 7960 7785 9 wilderness wilderness NN 7960 7785 10 closely closely RB 7960 7785 11 resembles resemble VBZ 7960 7785 12 that that DT 7960 7785 13 of of IN 7960 7785 14 the the DT 7960 7785 15 Hebrew hebrew JJ 7960 7785 16 patriarchs patriarch NNS 7960 7785 17 , , , 7960 7785 18 as as IN 7960 7785 19 described describe VBN 7960 7785 20 in in IN 7960 7785 21 the the DT 7960 7785 22 Old Old NNP 7960 7785 23 Testament Testament NNP 7960 7785 24 . . . 7960 7786 1 The the DT 7960 7786 2 Bedouins bedouin NNS 7960 7786 3 are be VBP 7960 7786 4 shepherds shepherd NNS 7960 7786 5 and and CC 7960 7786 6 herdsmen herdsman NNS 7960 7786 7 , , , 7960 7786 8 continually continually RB 7960 7786 9 moving move VBG 7960 7786 10 with with IN 7960 7786 11 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7786 12 sheep sheep NNS 7960 7786 13 and and CC 7960 7786 14 camels camel NNS 7960 7786 15 from from IN 7960 7786 16 one one CD 7960 7786 17 pasturage pasturage NN 7960 7786 18 and and CC 7960 7786 19 water water NN 7960 7786 20 - - HYPH 7960 7786 21 hole hole NN 7960 7786 22 to to IN 7960 7786 23 another another DT 7960 7786 24 . . . 7960 7787 1 Their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7787 2 virtues virtue NNS 7960 7787 3 -- -- : 7960 7787 4 hospitality hospitality NN 7960 7787 5 to to IN 7960 7787 6 the the DT 7960 7787 7 stranger stranger NN 7960 7787 8 , , , 7960 7787 9 generosity generosity NN 7960 7787 10 , , , 7960 7787 11 faithfulness faithfulness NN 7960 7787 12 to to IN 7960 7787 13 the the DT 7960 7787 14 ties tie NNS 7960 7787 15 of of IN 7960 7787 16 kinship kinship NN 7960 7787 17 -- -- : 7960 7787 18 are be VBP 7960 7787 19 those those DT 7960 7787 20 of of IN 7960 7787 21 a a DT 7960 7787 22 nomadic nomadic JJ 7960 7787 23 , , , 7960 7787 24 barbarian barbarian JJ 7960 7787 25 people people NNS 7960 7787 26 . . . 7960 7788 1 Such such JJ 7960 7788 2 also also RB 7960 7788 3 are be VBP 7960 7788 4 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7788 5 vices vice NNS 7960 7788 6 -- -- : 7960 7788 7 love love NN 7960 7788 8 of of IN 7960 7788 9 fighting fighting NN 7960 7788 10 and and CC 7960 7788 11 plunder plunder NN 7960 7788 12 , , , 7960 7788 13 revengefulness revengefulness NN 7960 7788 14 , , , 7960 7788 15 and and CC 7960 7788 16 impatience impatience NN 7960 7788 17 of of IN 7960 7788 18 restraint restraint NN 7960 7788 19 . . . 7960 7789 1 Nothing nothing NN 7960 7789 2 like like IN 7960 7789 3 a a DT 7960 7789 4 settled settle VBN 7960 7789 5 government government NN 7960 7789 6 is be VBZ 7960 7789 7 known know VBN 7960 7789 8 to to IN 7960 7789 9 them -PRON- PRP 7960 7789 10 . . . 7960 7790 1 The the DT 7960 7790 2 only only JJ 7960 7790 3 tribal tribal JJ 7960 7790 4 authority authority NN 7960 7790 5 is be VBZ 7960 7790 6 that that DT 7960 7790 7 of of IN 7960 7790 8 the the DT 7960 7790 9 chief chief NN 7960 7790 10 , , , 7960 7790 11 or or CC 7960 7790 12 " " `` 7960 7790 13 sheik sheik NNS 7960 7790 14 , , , 7960 7790 15 " " '' 7960 7790 16 who who WP 7960 7790 17 , , , 7960 7790 18 because because IN 7960 7790 19 of of IN 7960 7790 20 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7790 21 birth birth NN 7960 7790 22 , , , 7960 7790 23 courage courage NN 7960 7790 24 , , , 7960 7790 25 or or CC 7960 7790 26 wealth wealth NN 7960 7790 27 , , , 7960 7790 28 has have VBZ 7960 7790 29 been be VBN 7960 7790 30 chosen choose VBN 7960 7790 31 to to IN 7960 7790 32 the the DT 7960 7790 33 leadership leadership NN 7960 7790 34 . . . 7960 7791 1 This this DT 7960 7791 2 description description NN 7960 7791 3 of of IN 7960 7791 4 the the DT 7960 7791 5 Bedouins Bedouins NNPS 7960 7791 6 to to IN 7960 7791 7 - - HYPH 7960 7791 8 day day NN 7960 7791 9 applies apply VBZ 7960 7791 10 equally equally RB 7960 7791 11 well well JJ 7960 7791 12 to to IN 7960 7791 13 them -PRON- PRP 7960 7791 14 in in IN 7960 7791 15 the the DT 7960 7791 16 age age NN 7960 7791 17 of of IN 7960 7791 18 Mohammed Mohammed NNP 7960 7791 19 , , , 7960 7791 20 during during IN 7960 7791 21 the the DT 7960 7791 22 sixth sixth JJ 7960 7791 23 century century NN 7960 7791 24 . . . 7960 7792 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 7792 2 Illustration illustration NN 7960 7792 3 : : : 7960 7792 4 MECCA MECCA NNP 7960 7792 5 The the DT 7960 7792 6 chief chief JJ 7960 7792 7 sanctuary sanctuary NN 7960 7792 8 of of IN 7960 7792 9 Mecca Mecca NNP 7960 7792 10 is be VBZ 7960 7792 11 the the DT 7960 7792 12 building building NN 7960 7792 13 called call VBN 7960 7792 14 the the DT 7960 7792 15 Kaaba Kaaba NNP 7960 7792 16 , , , 7960 7792 17 which which WDT 7960 7792 18 lies lie VBZ 7960 7792 19 in in IN 7960 7792 20 the the DT 7960 7792 21 center center NN 7960 7792 22 of of IN 7960 7792 23 a a DT 7960 7792 24 vast vast JJ 7960 7792 25 courtyard courtyard NN 7960 7792 26 surrounded surround VBN 7960 7792 27 by by IN 7960 7792 28 a a DT 7960 7792 29 colonnade colonnade NN 7960 7792 30 . . . 7960 7793 1 The the DT 7960 7793 2 Kaaba Kaaba NNP 7960 7793 3 is be VBZ 7960 7793 4 here here RB 7960 7793 5 seen see VBN 7960 7793 6 covered cover VBN 7960 7793 7 with with IN 7960 7793 8 a a DT 7960 7793 9 heavy heavy JJ 7960 7793 10 black black JJ 7960 7793 11 cloth cloth NN 7960 7793 12 renewed renew VBD 7960 7793 13 each each DT 7960 7793 14 year year NN 7960 7793 15 . . . 7960 7794 1 Pilgrims pilgrim NNS 7960 7794 2 enter enter VBP 7960 7794 3 the the DT 7960 7794 4 courtyard courtyard NN 7960 7794 5 , , , 7960 7794 6 walk walk VB 7960 7794 7 slowly slowly RB 7960 7794 8 around around IN 7960 7794 9 the the DT 7960 7794 10 Kaaba Kaaba NNP 7960 7794 11 seven seven CD 7960 7794 12 times time NNS 7960 7794 13 -- -- : 7960 7794 14 seven seven CD 7960 7794 15 is be VBZ 7960 7794 16 a a DT 7960 7794 17 holy holy JJ 7960 7794 18 number number NN 7960 7794 19 in in IN 7960 7794 20 Islam Islam NNP 7960 7794 21 -- -- : 7960 7794 22 and and CC 7960 7794 23 kiss kiss VB 7960 7794 24 the the DT 7960 7794 25 sacred sacred JJ 7960 7794 26 black black JJ 7960 7794 27 stone stone NN 7960 7794 28 fixed fix VBN 7960 7794 29 in in IN 7960 7794 30 the the DT 7960 7794 31 walls wall NNS 7960 7794 32 of of IN 7960 7794 33 the the DT 7960 7794 34 structure structure NN 7960 7794 35 . . . 7960 7795 1 The the DT 7960 7795 2 stone stone NN 7960 7795 3 is be VBZ 7960 7795 4 now now RB 7960 7795 5 broken break VBN 7960 7795 6 into into IN 7960 7795 7 pieces piece NNS 7960 7795 8 , , , 7960 7795 9 which which WDT 7960 7795 10 are be VBP 7960 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7960 7797 6 who who WP 7960 7797 7 settled settle VBD 7960 7797 8 along along IN 7960 7797 9 the the DT 7960 7797 10 southern southern JJ 7960 7797 11 and and CC 7960 7797 12 western western JJ 7960 7797 13 coasts coast NNS 7960 7797 14 of of IN 7960 7797 15 the the DT 7960 7797 16 peninsula peninsula NN 7960 7797 17 had have VBD 7960 7797 18 reached reach VBN 7960 7797 19 in in IN 7960 7797 20 the the DT 7960 7797 21 sixth sixth JJ 7960 7797 22 century century NN 7960 7797 23 a a DT 7960 7797 24 considerable considerable JJ 7960 7797 25 degree degree NN 7960 7797 26 of of IN 7960 7797 27 civilization civilization NN 7960 7797 28 . . . 7960 7798 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 7798 2 practiced practice VBD 7960 7798 3 agriculture agriculture NN 7960 7798 4 and and CC 7960 7798 5 carried carry VBD 7960 7798 6 on on IN 7960 7798 7 a a DT 7960 7798 8 flourishing flourishing JJ 7960 7798 9 trade trade NN 7960 7798 10 across across IN 7960 7798 11 the the DT 7960 7798 12 Red Red NNP 7960 7798 13 Sea 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national JJ 7960 7800 14 unity unity NN 7960 7800 15 , , , 7960 7800 16 which which WDT 7960 7800 17 was be VBD 7960 7800 18 greatly greatly RB 7960 7800 19 strengthened strengthen VBN 7960 7800 20 by by IN 7960 7800 21 Mohammed Mohammed NNP 7960 7800 22 's 's POS 7960 7800 23 appearance appearance NN 7960 7800 24 on on IN 7960 7800 25 the the DT 7960 7800 26 scene scene NN 7960 7800 27 . . . 7960 7801 1 ARABIAN ARABIAN NNP 7960 7801 2 HEATHENISM HEATHENISM NNP 7960 7801 3 The the DT 7960 7801 4 city city NN 7960 7801 5 of of IN 7960 7801 6 Mecca Mecca NNP 7960 7801 7 , , , 7960 7801 8 located locate VBN 7960 7801 9 about about RB 7960 7801 10 fifty fifty CD 7960 7801 11 miles mile NNS 7960 7801 12 from from IN 7960 7801 13 the the DT 7960 7801 14 Red Red NNP 7960 7801 15 Sea Sea NNP 7960 7801 16 , , , 7960 7801 17 was be VBD 7960 7801 18 a a DT 7960 7801 19 commercial commercial JJ 7960 7801 20 metropolis metropolis NN 7960 7801 21 and and CC 7960 7801 22 the the DT 7960 7801 23 center center NN 7960 7801 24 of of IN 7960 7801 25 Arabian arabian JJ 7960 7801 26 heathenism heathenism NN 7960 7801 27 . . . 7960 7802 1 Every every DT 7960 7802 2 year year NN 7960 7802 3 the the DT 7960 7802 4 Arab arab JJ 7960 7802 5 tribes tribe NNS 7960 7802 6 ceased cease VBD 7960 7802 7 fighting fighting NN 7960 7802 8 for for IN 7960 7802 9 four four CD 7960 7802 10 months month NNS 7960 7802 11 , , , 7960 7802 12 and and CC 7960 7802 13 went go VBD 7960 7802 14 up up RP 7960 7802 15 to to IN 7960 7802 16 Mecca Mecca NNP 7960 7802 17 to to TO 7960 7802 18 buy buy VB 7960 7802 19 and and CC 7960 7802 20 sell sell VB 7960 7802 21 and and CC 7960 7802 22 visit visit VB 7960 7802 23 the the DT 7960 7802 24 famous famous JJ 7960 7802 25 sanctuary sanctuary NN 7960 7802 26 called call VBN 7960 7802 27 the the DT 7960 7802 28 Kaaba Kaaba NNP 7960 7802 29 . . . 7960 7803 1 Here here RB 7960 7803 2 were be VBD 7960 7803 3 three three CD 7960 7803 4 hundred hundred CD 7960 7803 5 and and CC 7960 7803 6 sixty sixty CD 7960 7803 7 idols idol NNS 7960 7803 8 and and CC 7960 7803 9 a a DT 7960 7803 10 small small JJ 7960 7803 11 , , , 7960 7803 12 black black JJ 7960 7803 13 stone stone NN 7960 7803 14 ( ( -LRB- 7960 7803 15 probably probably RB 7960 7803 16 a a DT 7960 7803 17 meteorite meteorite NN 7960 7803 18 ) ) -RRB- 7960 7803 19 , , , 7960 7803 20 which which WDT 7960 7803 21 legend legend NN 7960 7803 22 declared declare VBD 7960 7803 23 had have VBD 7960 7803 24 been be VBN 7960 7803 25 brought bring VBN 7960 7803 26 from from IN 7960 7803 27 heaven heaven NNP 7960 7803 28 . . . 7960 7804 1 The the DT 7960 7804 2 stone stone NN 7960 7804 3 was be VBD 7960 7804 4 originally originally RB 7960 7804 5 white white JJ 7960 7804 6 , , , 7960 7804 7 but but CC 7960 7804 8 the the DT 7960 7804 9 sins sin NNS 7960 7804 10 of of IN 7960 7804 11 the the DT 7960 7804 12 people people NNS 7960 7804 13 who who WP 7960 7804 14 touched touch VBD 7960 7804 15 it -PRON- PRP 7960 7804 16 had have VBD 7960 7804 17 blackened blacken VBN 7960 7804 18 it -PRON- PRP 7960 7804 19 . . . 7960 7805 1 Although although IN 7960 7805 2 most most JJS 7960 7805 3 of of IN 7960 7805 4 the the DT 7960 7805 5 Arabs Arabs NNPS 7960 7805 6 were be VBD 7960 7805 7 idolaters idolater NNS 7960 7805 8 , , , 7960 7805 9 yet yet CC 7960 7805 10 some some DT 7960 7805 11 of of IN 7960 7805 12 them -PRON- PRP 7960 7805 13 recognized recognize VBD 7960 7805 14 the the DT 7960 7805 15 " " `` 7960 7805 16 Unknown unknown JJ 7960 7805 17 God God NNP 7960 7805 18 " " '' 7960 7805 19 of of IN 7960 7805 20 the the DT 7960 7805 21 Semites Semites NNPS 7960 7805 22 , , , 7960 7805 23 Allah Allah NNP 7960 7805 24 , , , 7960 7805 25 the the DT 7960 7805 26 Creator Creator NNP 7960 7805 27 of of IN 7960 7805 28 all all DT 7960 7805 29 things thing NNS 7960 7805 30 . . . 7960 7806 1 Arabia Arabia NNP 7960 7806 2 at at IN 7960 7806 3 this this DT 7960 7806 4 time time NN 7960 7806 5 contained contain VBD 7960 7806 6 many many JJ 7960 7806 7 Jews Jews NNPS 7960 7806 8 , , , 7960 7806 9 Zoroastrians Zoroastrians NNPS 7960 7806 10 , , , 7960 7806 11 and and CC 7960 7806 12 Christians Christians NNPS 7960 7806 13 , , , 7960 7806 14 who who WP 7960 7806 15 helped help VBD 7960 7806 16 to to TO 7960 7806 17 spread spread VB 7960 7806 18 abroad abroad RB 7960 7806 19 the the DT 7960 7806 20 conception conception NN 7960 7806 21 of of IN 7960 7806 22 one one CD 7960 7806 23 God God NNP 7960 7806 24 and and CC 7960 7806 25 thus thus RB 7960 7806 26 to to TO 7960 7806 27 prepare prepare VB 7960 7806 28 the the DT 7960 7806 29 way way NN 7960 7806 30 for for IN 7960 7806 31 a a DT 7960 7806 32 prophet prophet NN 7960 7806 33 of of IN 7960 7806 34 a a DT 7960 7806 35 new new JJ 7960 7806 36 religion religion NN 7960 7806 37 . . . 7960 7807 1 131 131 CD 7960 7807 2 . . . 7960 7808 1 MOHAMMED MOHAMMED NNS 7960 7808 2 : : : 7960 7808 3 PROPHET prophet NN 7960 7808 4 AND and CC 7960 7808 5 STATESMAN STATESMAN NNP 7960 7808 6 , , , 7960 7808 7 622 622 CD 7960 7808 8 - - SYM 7960 7808 9 632 632 CD 7960 7808 10 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 7809 1 EARLY early JJ 7960 7809 2 LIFE life NN 7960 7809 3 OF of IN 7960 7809 4 MOHAMMED MOHAMMED NNP 7960 7809 5 Mohammed Mohammed NNP 7960 7809 6 , , , 7960 7809 7 [ [ -LRB- 7960 7809 8 2 2 CD 7960 7809 9 ] ] -RRB- 7960 7809 10 born bear VBN 7960 7809 11 at at IN 7960 7809 12 Mecca Mecca NNP 7960 7809 13 about about IN 7960 7809 14 570 570 CD 7960 7809 15 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 7809 16 , , , 7960 7809 17 belonged belong VBD 7960 7809 18 to to IN 7960 7809 19 the the DT 7960 7809 20 tribe tribe NN 7960 7809 21 of of IN 7960 7809 22 the the DT 7960 7809 23 Koreish Koreish NNP 7960 7809 24 , , , 7960 7809 25 who who WP 7960 7809 26 had have VBD 7960 7809 27 long long RB 7960 7809 28 been be VBN 7960 7809 29 guardians guardian NNS 7960 7809 30 of of IN 7960 7809 31 the the DT 7960 7809 32 sacred sacred JJ 7960 7809 33 Kaaba Kaaba NNP 7960 7809 34 . . . 7960 7810 1 Left leave VBN 7960 7810 2 an an DT 7960 7810 3 orphan orphan NN 7960 7810 4 at at IN 7960 7810 5 an an DT 7960 7810 6 early early JJ 7960 7810 7 age age NN 7960 7810 8 , , , 7960 7810 9 the the DT 7960 7810 10 future future JJ 7960 7810 11 prophet prophet NN 7960 7810 12 was be VBD 7960 7810 13 obliged oblige VBN 7960 7810 14 to to TO 7960 7810 15 earn earn VB 7960 7810 16 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7810 17 own own JJ 7960 7810 18 living living NN 7960 7810 19 . . . 7960 7811 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 7811 2 served serve VBD 7960 7811 3 first first RB 7960 7811 4 as as IN 7960 7811 5 a a DT 7960 7811 6 shepherd shepherd NN 7960 7811 7 on on IN 7960 7811 8 the the DT 7960 7811 9 hillsides hillside NNS 7960 7811 10 of of IN 7960 7811 11 Mecca Mecca NNP 7960 7811 12 . . . 7960 7812 1 This this DT 7960 7812 2 occupation occupation NN 7960 7812 3 , , , 7960 7812 4 though though IN 7960 7812 5 lowly lowly RB 7960 7812 6 , , , 7960 7812 7 gave give VBD 7960 7812 8 him -PRON- PRP 7960 7812 9 the the DT 7960 7812 10 love love NN 7960 7812 11 of of IN 7960 7812 12 solitude solitude NNP 7960 7812 13 , , , 7960 7812 14 and and CC 7960 7812 15 helped help VBD 7960 7812 16 to to TO 7960 7812 17 nourish nourish VB 7960 7812 18 in in IN 7960 7812 19 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7812 20 soul soul NN 7960 7812 21 that that DT 7960 7812 22 appreciation appreciation NN 7960 7812 23 of of IN 7960 7812 24 nature nature NN 7960 7812 25 which which WDT 7960 7812 26 later later RB 7960 7812 27 found find VBD 7960 7812 28 expression expression NN 7960 7812 29 in in IN 7960 7812 30 so so RB 7960 7812 31 many many JJ 7960 7812 32 of of IN 7960 7812 33 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7812 34 utterances utterance NNS 7960 7812 35 . . . 7960 7813 1 While while IN 7960 7813 2 still still RB 7960 7813 3 a a DT 7960 7813 4 youth youth NN 7960 7813 5 he -PRON- PRP 7960 7813 6 became become VBD 7960 7813 7 a a DT 7960 7813 8 camel camel NN 7960 7813 9 - - HYPH 7960 7813 10 driver driver NN 7960 7813 11 and and CC 7960 7813 12 twice twice RB 7960 7813 13 crossed cross VBD 7960 7813 14 the the DT 7960 7813 15 deserts desert NNS 7960 7813 16 with with IN 7960 7813 17 caravans caravan NNS 7960 7813 18 to to IN 7960 7813 19 Syria Syria NNP 7960 7813 20 . . . 7960 7814 1 Doubtless doubtless RB 7960 7814 2 he -PRON- PRP 7960 7814 3 made make VBD 7960 7814 4 many many JJ 7960 7814 5 acquaintances acquaintance NNS 7960 7814 6 on on IN 7960 7814 7 these these DT 7960 7814 8 journeys journey NNS 7960 7814 9 and and CC 7960 7814 10 picked pick VBD 7960 7814 11 up up RP 7960 7814 12 much much JJ 7960 7814 13 useful useful JJ 7960 7814 14 information information NN 7960 7814 15 . . . 7960 7815 1 Mohammed Mohammed NNP 7960 7815 2 , , , 7960 7815 3 however however RB 7960 7815 4 , , , 7960 7815 5 did do VBD 7960 7815 6 not not RB 7960 7815 7 receive receive VB 7960 7815 8 a a DT 7960 7815 9 regular regular JJ 7960 7815 10 education education NN 7960 7815 11 ; ; : 7960 7815 12 it -PRON- PRP 7960 7815 13 is be VBZ 7960 7815 14 doubtful doubtful JJ 7960 7815 15 whether whether IN 7960 7815 16 he -PRON- PRP 7960 7815 17 could could MD 7960 7815 18 read read VB 7960 7815 19 or or CC 7960 7815 20 write write VB 7960 7815 21 . . . 7960 7816 1 His -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7816 2 marriage marriage NN 7960 7816 3 , , , 7960 7816 4 when when WRB 7960 7816 5 about about RB 7960 7816 6 twenty twenty CD 7960 7816 7 - - HYPH 7960 7816 8 five five CD 7960 7816 9 years year NNS 7960 7816 10 of of IN 7960 7816 11 age age NN 7960 7816 12 , , , 7960 7816 13 to to IN 7960 7816 14 a a DT 7960 7816 15 rich rich JJ 7960 7816 16 widow widow NN 7960 7816 17 , , , 7960 7816 18 named name VBN 7960 7816 19 Khadija Khadija NNP 7960 7816 20 , , , 7960 7816 21 brought bring VBD 7960 7816 22 him -PRON- PRP 7960 7816 23 wealth wealth NN 7960 7816 24 and and CC 7960 7816 25 consideration consideration NN 7960 7816 26 . . . 7960 7817 1 For for IN 7960 7817 2 some some DT 7960 7817 3 time time NN 7960 7817 4 , , , 7960 7817 5 henceforth henceforth RB 7960 7817 6 , , , 7960 7817 7 he -PRON- PRP 7960 7817 8 led lead VBD 7960 7817 9 the the DT 7960 7817 10 life life NN 7960 7817 11 of of IN 7960 7817 12 a a DT 7960 7817 13 prosperous prosperous JJ 7960 7817 14 merchant merchant NN 7960 7817 15 of of IN 7960 7817 16 Mecca Mecca NNP 7960 7817 17 . . . 7960 7818 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 7818 2 Illustration illustration NN 7960 7818 3 : : : 7960 7818 4 A a DT 7960 7818 5 LETTER letter NN 7960 7818 6 OF of IN 7960 7818 7 MOHAMMED MOHAMMED NNP 7960 7818 8 A a DT 7960 7818 9 letter letter NN 7960 7818 10 , , , 7960 7818 11 probably probably RB 7960 7818 12 in in IN 7960 7818 13 the the DT 7960 7818 14 handwriting handwriting NN 7960 7818 15 of of IN 7960 7818 16 Mohammed Mohammed NNP 7960 7818 17 's 's POS 7960 7818 18 secretary secretary NN 7960 7818 19 , , , 7960 7818 20 addressed address VBD 7960 7818 21 to to IN 7960 7818 22 the the DT 7960 7818 23 governor governor NN 7960 7818 24 of of IN 7960 7818 25 Alexandria Alexandria NNP 7960 7818 26 . . . 7960 7819 1 The the DT 7960 7819 2 seal seal NN 7960 7819 3 is be VBZ 7960 7819 4 inscribed inscribe VBN 7960 7819 5 " " `` 7960 7819 6 Mohammed Mohammed NNP 7960 7819 7 , , , 7960 7819 8 the the DT 7960 7819 9 prophet prophet NN 7960 7819 10 of of IN 7960 7819 11 God God NNP 7960 7819 12 . . . 7960 7819 13 " " '' 7960 7819 14 ] ] -RRB- 7960 7820 1 MOHAMMED MOHAMMED NNS 7960 7820 2 'S 's POS 7960 7820 3 VISIONS VISIONS NNP 7960 7820 4 Mohammed Mohammed NNP 7960 7820 5 seems seem VBZ 7960 7820 6 always always RB 7960 7820 7 to to TO 7960 7820 8 have have VB 7960 7820 9 been be VBN 7960 7820 10 a a DT 7960 7820 11 deeply deeply RB 7960 7820 12 religious religious JJ 7960 7820 13 man man NN 7960 7820 14 . . . 7960 7821 1 As as IN 7960 7821 2 he -PRON- PRP 7960 7821 3 grew grow VBD 7960 7821 4 older old JJR 7960 7821 5 , , , 7960 7821 6 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7821 7 thoughts thought NNS 7960 7821 8 more more RBR 7960 7821 9 and and CC 7960 7821 10 more more RBR 7960 7821 11 centered center VBN 7960 7821 12 on on IN 7960 7821 13 spiritual spiritual JJ 7960 7821 14 themes theme NNS 7960 7821 15 . . . 7960 7822 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 7822 2 could could MD 7960 7822 3 not not RB 7960 7822 4 reconcile reconcile VB 7960 7822 5 the the DT 7960 7822 6 gross gross JJ 7960 7822 7 idolatry idolatry NN 7960 7822 8 of of IN 7960 7822 9 the the DT 7960 7822 10 Arabs Arabs NNPS 7960 7822 11 with with IN 7960 7822 12 that that DT 7960 7822 13 belief belief NN 7960 7822 14 in in IN 7960 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IN 7960 7823 28 the the DT 7960 7823 29 example example NN 7960 7823 30 of of IN 7960 7823 31 Christian christian JJ 7960 7823 32 hermits hermit NNS 7960 7823 33 . . . 7960 7824 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 7824 2 3 3 LS 7960 7824 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 7824 4 During during IN 7960 7824 5 these these DT 7960 7824 6 lonely lonely JJ 7960 7824 7 hours hour NNS 7960 7824 8 in in IN 7960 7824 9 the the DT 7960 7824 10 desert desert NN 7960 7824 11 strange strange JJ 7960 7824 12 scenes scene NNS 7960 7824 13 passed pass VBN 7960 7824 14 before before IN 7960 7824 15 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7824 16 eyes eye NNS 7960 7824 17 and and CC 7960 7824 18 strange strange JJ 7960 7824 19 voices voice NNS 7960 7824 20 sounded sound VBD 7960 7824 21 in in IN 7960 7824 22 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7824 23 ears ear NNS 7960 7824 24 . . . 7960 7825 1 At at IN 7960 7825 2 first first JJ 7960 7825 3 Mohammed Mohammed NNP 7960 7825 4 thought think VBD 7960 7825 5 that that IN 7960 7825 6 evil evil JJ 7960 7825 7 spirits spirit NNS 7960 7825 8 possessed possess VBD 7960 7825 9 him -PRON- PRP 7960 7825 10 , , , 7960 7825 11 but but CC 7960 7825 12 Khadija Khadija NNP 7960 7825 13 encouraged encourage VBD 7960 7825 14 him -PRON- PRP 7960 7825 15 to to TO 7960 7825 16 believe believe VB 7960 7825 17 that that IN 7960 7825 18 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7825 19 visions vision NNS 7960 7825 20 were be VBD 7960 7825 21 a a DT 7960 7825 22 revelation revelation NN 7960 7825 23 from from IN 7960 7825 24 another another DT 7960 7825 25 world world NN 7960 7825 26 . . . 7960 7826 1 One one CD 7960 7826 2 day day NN 7960 7826 3 , , , 7960 7826 4 so so RB 7960 7826 5 he -PRON- PRP 7960 7826 6 declared declare VBD 7960 7826 7 , , , 7960 7826 8 God God NNP 7960 7826 9 's 's POS 7960 7826 10 messenger messenger NN 7960 7826 11 , , , 7960 7826 12 the the DT 7960 7826 13 archangel archangel NN 7960 7826 14 Gabriel Gabriel NNP 7960 7826 15 , , , 7960 7826 16 appeared appear VBD 7960 7826 17 to to IN 7960 7826 18 him -PRON- PRP 7960 7826 19 and and CC 7960 7826 20 bade bade VB 7960 7826 21 him -PRON- PRP 7960 7826 22 preach preach VB 7960 7826 23 a a DT 7960 7826 24 new new JJ 7960 7826 25 religion religion NN 7960 7826 26 to to IN 7960 7826 27 the the DT 7960 7826 28 Arabs Arabs NNPS 7960 7826 29 . . . 7960 7827 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 7827 2 was be VBD 7960 7827 3 very very RB 7960 7827 4 simple simple JJ 7960 7827 5 , , , 7960 7827 6 but but CC 7960 7827 7 in in IN 7960 7827 8 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7827 9 simplicity simplicity NN 7960 7827 10 lay lie VBD 7960 7827 11 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7827 12 strength strength NN 7960 7827 13 : : : 7960 7827 14 " " `` 7960 7827 15 There there EX 7960 7827 16 is be VBZ 7960 7827 17 no no DT 7960 7827 18 god god NN 7960 7827 19 but but IN 7960 7827 20 God God NNP 7960 7827 21 , , , 7960 7827 22 and and CC 7960 7827 23 Mohammed Mohammed NNP 7960 7827 24 is be VBZ 7960 7827 25 the the DT 7960 7827 26 prophet prophet NN 7960 7827 27 of of IN 7960 7827 28 God God NNP 7960 7827 29 . . . 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NN 7960 7829 1 The the DT 7960 7829 2 prophet prophet NN 7960 7829 3 made make VBD 7960 7829 4 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7829 5 first first JJ 7960 7829 6 converts convert NNS 7960 7829 7 in in IN 7960 7829 8 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7829 9 wife wife NN 7960 7829 10 , , , 7960 7829 11 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7829 12 children child NNS 7960 7829 13 , , , 7960 7829 14 and and CC 7960 7829 15 the the DT 7960 7829 16 friends friend NNS 7960 7829 17 who who WP 7960 7829 18 knew know VBD 7960 7829 19 him -PRON- PRP 7960 7829 20 best well RBS 7960 7829 21 . . . 7960 7830 1 Then then RB 7960 7830 2 , , , 7960 7830 3 becoming become VBG 7960 7830 4 bolder bolder NN 7960 7830 5 , , , 7960 7830 6 he -PRON- PRP 7960 7830 7 began begin VBD 7960 7830 8 to to TO 7960 7830 9 preach preach VB 7960 7830 10 publicly publicly RB 7960 7830 11 in in IN 7960 7830 12 Mecca Mecca NNP 7960 7830 13 . . . 7960 7831 1 In in IN 7960 7831 2 spite spite NN 7960 7831 3 of of IN 7960 7831 4 Mohammed Mohammed NNP 7960 7831 5 's 's POS 7960 7831 6 eloquence eloquence NN 7960 7831 7 , , , 7960 7831 8 obvious obvious JJ 7960 7831 9 sincerity sincerity NN 7960 7831 10 , , , 7960 7831 11 and and CC 7960 7831 12 attractive attractive JJ 7960 7831 13 personality personality NN 7960 7831 14 , , , 7960 7831 15 he -PRON- PRP 7960 7831 16 met meet VBD 7960 7831 17 a a DT 7960 7831 18 discouraging discouraging JJ 7960 7831 19 reception reception NN 7960 7831 20 . . . 7960 7832 1 A a DT 7960 7832 2 few few JJ 7960 7832 3 slaves slave NNS 7960 7832 4 and and CC 7960 7832 5 poor poor JJ 7960 7832 6 freemen freeman NNS 7960 7832 7 became become VBD 7960 7832 8 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7832 9 followers follower NNS 7960 7832 10 , , , 7960 7832 11 but but CC 7960 7832 12 most most JJS 7960 7832 13 of of IN 7960 7832 14 the the DT 7960 7832 15 citizens citizen NNS 7960 7832 16 of of IN 7960 7832 17 Mecca Mecca NNP 7960 7832 18 regarded regard VBD 7960 7832 19 him -PRON- PRP 7960 7832 20 as as IN 7960 7832 21 a a DT 7960 7832 22 madman madman NN 7960 7832 23 . . . 7960 7833 1 Mohammed Mohammed NNP 7960 7833 2 's 's POS 7960 7833 3 disciples disciple NNS 7960 7833 4 , , , 7960 7833 5 called call VBN 7960 7833 6 Moslems Moslems NNPS 7960 7833 7 , , , 7960 7833 8 [ [ -LRB- 7960 7833 9 4 4 CD 7960 7833 10 ] ] -RRB- 7960 7833 11 were be VBD 7960 7833 12 bitterly bitterly RB 7960 7833 13 persecuted persecute VBN 7960 7833 14 by by IN 7960 7833 15 the the DT 7960 7833 16 Koreish Koreish NNP 7960 7833 17 , , , 7960 7833 18 who who WP 7960 7833 19 resented resent VBD 7960 7833 20 the the DT 7960 7833 21 prophet prophet NN 7960 7833 22 's 's POS 7960 7833 23 attacks attack NNS 7960 7833 24 on on IN 7960 7833 25 idolatry idolatry NN 7960 7833 26 and and CC 7960 7833 27 feared fear VBD 7960 7833 28 the the DT 7960 7833 29 loss loss NN 7960 7833 30 of of IN 7960 7833 31 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7833 32 privileges privilege NNS 7960 7833 33 at at IN 7960 7833 34 the the DT 7960 7833 35 Kaaba Kaaba NNP 7960 7833 36 . . . 7960 7834 1 Finally finally RB 7960 7834 2 Mohammed Mohammed NNP 7960 7834 3 and and CC 7960 7834 4 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7834 5 converts convert NNS 7960 7834 6 took take VBD 7960 7834 7 refuge refuge NN 7960 7834 8 in in IN 7960 7834 9 Medina Medina NNP 7960 7834 10 , , , 7960 7834 11 where where WRB 7960 7834 12 some some DT 7960 7834 13 of of IN 7960 7834 14 the the DT 7960 7834 15 inhabitants inhabitant NNS 7960 7834 16 had have VBD 7960 7834 17 already already RB 7960 7834 18 accepted accept VBN 7960 7834 19 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7834 20 teachings teaching NNS 7960 7834 21 . . . 7960 7835 1 This this DT 7960 7835 2 was be VBD 7960 7835 3 the the DT 7960 7835 4 famous famous JJ 7960 7835 5 Hegira Hegira NNP 7960 7835 6 ( ( -LRB- 7960 7835 7 Flight Flight NNP 7960 7835 8 of of IN 7960 7835 9 the the DT 7960 7835 10 prophet prophet NN 7960 7835 11 ) ) -RRB- 7960 7835 12 . . . 7960 7836 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 7836 2 5 5 CD 7960 7836 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 7836 4 LATER later JJ 7960 7836 5 LIFE life NN 7960 7836 6 OF of IN 7960 7836 7 MOHAMMED MOHAMMED NNP 7960 7836 8 At at IN 7960 7836 9 Medina Medina NNP 7960 7836 10 Mohammed Mohammed NNP 7960 7836 11 occupied occupy VBD 7960 7836 12 a a DT 7960 7836 13 position position NN 7960 7836 14 of of IN 7960 7836 15 high high JJ 7960 7836 16 honor honor NN 7960 7836 17 and and CC 7960 7836 18 influence influence NN 7960 7836 19 . . . 7960 7837 1 The the DT 7960 7837 2 people people NNS 7960 7837 3 welcomed welcome VBD 7960 7837 4 him -PRON- PRP 7960 7837 5 gladly gladly RB 7960 7837 6 and and CC 7960 7837 7 made make VBD 7960 7837 8 him -PRON- PRP 7960 7837 9 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7837 10 chief chief JJ 7960 7837 11 magistrate magistrate NN 7960 7837 12 . . . 7960 7838 1 As as IN 7960 7838 2 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7838 3 adherents adherent NNS 7960 7838 4 increased increase VBD 7960 7838 5 in in IN 7960 7838 6 number number NN 7960 7838 7 , , , 7960 7838 8 Mohammed Mohammed NNP 7960 7838 9 began begin VBD 7960 7838 10 to to TO 7960 7838 11 combine combine VB 7960 7838 12 fighting fight VBG 7960 7838 13 with with IN 7960 7838 14 preaching preaching NN 7960 7838 15 . . . 7960 7839 1 His -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7839 2 military military JJ 7960 7839 3 expeditions expedition NNS 7960 7839 4 against against IN 7960 7839 5 the the DT 7960 7839 6 Arab arab JJ 7960 7839 7 tribes tribe NNS 7960 7839 8 proved prove VBD 7960 7839 9 to to TO 7960 7839 10 be be VB 7960 7839 11 very very RB 7960 7839 12 successful successful JJ 7960 7839 13 . . . 7960 7840 1 Many many JJ 7960 7840 2 of of IN 7960 7840 3 the the DT 7960 7840 4 conquered conquer VBN 7960 7840 5 Bedouins bedouin NNS 7960 7840 6 enlisted enlist VBN 7960 7840 7 under under IN 7960 7840 8 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7840 9 banner banner NN 7960 7840 10 and and CC 7960 7840 11 in in IN 7960 7840 12 630 630 CD 7960 7840 13 A.D. A.D. 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A.D. NNP 7960 7842 7 Mohammed Mohammed NNP 7960 7842 8 did do VBD 7960 7842 9 not not RB 7960 7842 10 long long RB 7960 7842 11 enjoy enjoy VB 7960 7842 12 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7842 13 position position NN 7960 7842 14 as as IN 7960 7842 15 uncrowned uncrowned JJ 7960 7842 16 king king NN 7960 7842 17 of of IN 7960 7842 18 Arabia Arabia NNP 7960 7842 19 . . . 7960 7843 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 7843 2 died die VBD 7960 7843 3 in in IN 7960 7843 4 632 632 CD 7960 7843 5 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 7843 6 , , , 7960 7843 7 at at IN 7960 7843 8 Medina Medina NNP 7960 7843 9 , , , 7960 7843 10 where where WRB 7960 7843 11 he -PRON- PRP 7960 7843 12 was be VBD 7960 7843 13 buried bury VBN 7960 7843 14 and and CC 7960 7843 15 where where WRB 7960 7843 16 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7843 17 tomb tomb NN 7960 7843 18 is be VBZ 7960 7843 19 still still RB 7960 7843 20 visited visit VBN 7960 7843 21 by by IN 7960 7843 22 pious pious JJ 7960 7843 23 Moslems moslem NNS 7960 7843 24 . . . 7960 7844 1 His -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7844 2 followers follower NNS 7960 7844 3 could could MD 7960 7844 4 scarcely scarcely RB 7960 7844 5 believe believe VB 7960 7844 6 that that IN 7960 7844 7 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7844 8 great great JJ 7960 7844 9 prophet prophet NN 7960 7844 10 had have VBD 7960 7844 11 gone go VBN 7960 7844 12 away away RB 7960 7844 13 from from IN 7960 7844 14 them -PRON- PRP 7960 7844 15 forever forever RB 7960 7844 16 . . . 7960 7845 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 7845 2 were be VBD 7960 7845 3 ready ready JJ 7960 7845 4 to to TO 7960 7845 5 worship worship VB 7960 7845 6 him -PRON- PRP 7960 7845 7 as as IN 7960 7845 8 a a DT 7960 7845 9 god god NNP 7960 7845 10 , , , 7960 7845 11 until until IN 7960 7845 12 old old JJ 7960 7845 13 Abu Abu NNP 7960 7845 14 Bekr Bekr NNP 7960 7845 15 , , , 7960 7845 16 Mohammed Mohammed NNP 7960 7845 17 's 's POS 7960 7845 18 father father NN 7960 7845 19 - - HYPH 7960 7845 20 in in IN 7960 7845 21 - - HYPH 7960 7845 22 law law NN 7960 7845 23 , , , 7960 7845 24 rebuked rebuke VBD 7960 7845 25 them -PRON- PRP 7960 7845 26 with with IN 7960 7845 27 the the DT 7960 7845 28 memorable memorable JJ 7960 7845 29 words word NNS 7960 7845 30 : : : 7960 7845 31 " " `` 7960 7845 32 Whoso Whoso NNP 7960 7845 33 worshipeth worshipeth NN 7960 7845 34 Mohammed Mohammed NNP 7960 7845 35 , , , 7960 7845 36 let let VB 7960 7845 37 him -PRON- PRP 7960 7845 38 know know VB 7960 7845 39 that that IN 7960 7845 40 Mohammed Mohammed NNP 7960 7845 41 is be VBZ 7960 7845 42 dead dead JJ 7960 7845 43 ; ; : 7960 7845 44 but but CC 7960 7845 45 whoso whoso NNP 7960 7845 46 worshipeth worshipeth NNP 7960 7845 47 God God NNP 7960 7845 48 , , , 7960 7845 49 let let VB 7960 7845 50 him -PRON- PRP 7960 7845 51 know know VB 7960 7845 52 that that IN 7960 7845 53 God God NNP 7960 7845 54 liveth liveth NN 7960 7845 55 and and CC 7960 7845 56 dieth dieth NNP 7960 7845 57 not not RB 7960 7845 58 . . . 7960 7845 59 " " '' 7960 7846 1 MOHAMMED MOHAMMED NNS 7960 7846 2 'S be VBZ 7960 7846 3 CHARACTER character NN 7960 7846 4 The the DT 7960 7846 5 character character NN 7960 7846 6 of of IN 7960 7846 7 Mohammed Mohammed NNP 7960 7846 8 has have VBZ 7960 7846 9 been be VBN 7960 7846 10 variously variously RB 7960 7846 11 estimated estimate VBN 7960 7846 12 . . . 7960 7847 1 Moslem Moslem NNP 7960 7847 2 writers writer NNS 7960 7847 3 make make VBP 7960 7847 4 him -PRON- PRP 7960 7847 5 a a DT 7960 7847 6 saint saint NN 7960 7847 7 ; ; : 7960 7847 8 Christian christian JJ 7960 7847 9 writers writer NNS 7960 7847 10 , , , 7960 7847 11 until until IN 7960 7847 12 Mohammed Mohammed NNP 7960 7847 13 's 's POS 7960 7847 14 recent recent JJ 7960 7847 15 times time NNS 7960 7847 16 , , , 7960 7847 17 have have VBP 7960 7847 18 called call VBN 7960 7847 19 him -PRON- PRP 7960 7847 20 an an DT 7960 7847 21 " " `` 7960 7847 22 impostor impostor NN 7960 7847 23 . . . 7960 7847 24 " " '' 7960 7848 1 We -PRON- PRP 7960 7848 2 know know VBP 7960 7848 3 that that IN 7960 7848 4 he -PRON- PRP 7960 7848 5 was be VBD 7960 7848 6 a a DT 7960 7848 7 man man NN 7960 7848 8 of of IN 7960 7848 9 simple simple JJ 7960 7848 10 habits habit NNS 7960 7848 11 , , , 7960 7848 12 who who WP 7960 7848 13 , , , 7960 7848 14 even even RB 7960 7848 15 in in IN 7960 7848 16 the the DT 7960 7848 17 days day NNS 7960 7848 18 of of IN 7960 7848 19 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7848 20 prosperity prosperity NN 7960 7848 21 , , , 7960 7848 22 lived live VBD 7960 7848 23 on on IN 7960 7848 24 dates date NNS 7960 7848 25 , , , 7960 7848 26 barley barley NN 7960 7848 27 bread bread NN 7960 7848 28 , , , 7960 7848 29 and and CC 7960 7848 30 water water NN 7960 7848 31 , , , 7960 7848 32 mended mend VBD 7960 7848 33 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7848 34 woolen woolen JJ 7960 7848 35 garments garment NNS 7960 7848 36 , , , 7960 7848 37 and and CC 7960 7848 38 attended attend VBD 7960 7848 39 to to IN 7960 7848 40 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7848 41 own own JJ 7960 7848 42 wants want NNS 7960 7848 43 . . . 7960 7849 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 7849 2 was be VBD 7960 7849 3 mild mild JJ 7960 7849 4 and and CC 7960 7849 5 gentle gentle JJ 7960 7849 6 , , , 7960 7849 7 a a DT 7960 7849 8 lover lover NN 7960 7849 9 of of IN 7960 7849 10 children child NNS 7960 7849 11 , , , 7960 7849 12 devoted devote VBN 7960 7849 13 to to IN 7960 7849 14 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7849 15 friends friend NNS 7960 7849 16 , , , 7960 7849 17 and and CC 7960 7849 18 forgiving forgive VBG 7960 7849 19 toward toward IN 7960 7849 20 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7849 21 foes foe NNS 7960 7849 22 . . . 7960 7850 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 7850 2 seems seem VBZ 7960 7850 3 to to TO 7960 7850 4 have have VB 7960 7850 5 won win VBN 7960 7850 6 the the DT 7960 7850 7 admiration admiration NN 7960 7850 8 of of IN 7960 7850 9 all all DT 7960 7850 10 with with IN 7960 7850 11 whom whom WP 7960 7850 12 he -PRON- PRP 7960 7850 13 came come VBD 7960 7850 14 in in IN 7960 7850 15 contact contact NN 7960 7850 16 . . . 7960 7851 1 We -PRON- PRP 7960 7851 2 know know VBP 7960 7851 3 , , , 7960 7851 4 too too RB 7960 7851 5 , , , 7960 7851 6 that that IN 7960 7851 7 Mohammed Mohammed NNP 7960 7851 8 was be VBD 7960 7851 9 so so RB 7960 7851 10 deeply deeply RB 7960 7851 11 impressed impressed JJ 7960 7851 12 with with IN 7960 7851 13 the the DT 7960 7851 14 consciousness consciousness NN 7960 7851 15 of of IN 7960 7851 16 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7851 17 religious religious JJ 7960 7851 18 mission mission NN 7960 7851 19 that that IN 7960 7851 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the the DT 7960 7852 14 Arabs Arabs NNPS 7960 7852 15 of of IN 7960 7852 16 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7852 17 time time NN 7960 7852 18 . . . 7960 7853 1 Their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7853 2 existence existence NN 7960 7853 3 in in IN 7960 7853 4 Mohammed Mohammed NNP 7960 7853 5 's 's POS 7960 7853 6 character character NN 7960 7853 7 should should MD 7960 7853 8 not not RB 7960 7853 9 prevent prevent VB 7960 7853 10 our -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7853 11 recognition recognition NN 7960 7853 12 of of IN 7960 7853 13 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7853 14 real real JJ 7960 7853 15 greatness greatness NN 7960 7853 16 as as IN 7960 7853 17 a a DT 7960 7853 18 prophet prophet NN 7960 7853 19 and and CC 7960 7853 20 as as IN 7960 7853 21 a a DT 7960 7853 22 statesman statesman NN 7960 7853 23 . . . 7960 7854 1 132 132 CD 7960 7854 2 . . . 7960 7855 1 ISLAM ISLAM NNP 7960 7855 2 AND and CC 7960 7855 3 THE the DT 7960 7855 4 KORAN KORAN NNP 7960 7855 5 FORMATION formation NN 7960 7855 6 OF of IN 7960 7855 7 THE the DT 7960 7855 8 KORAN KORAN NNP 7960 7855 9 The the DT 7960 7855 10 religion religion NN 7960 7855 11 which which WDT 7960 7855 12 Mohammed Mohammed NNP 7960 7855 13 preached preach VBD 7960 7855 14 is be VBZ 7960 7855 15 called call VBN 7960 7855 16 Islam Islam NNP 7960 7855 17 , , , 7960 7855 18 an an DT 7960 7855 19 Arabic arabic JJ 7960 7855 20 word word NN 7960 7855 21 meaning meaning NN 7960 7855 22 " " `` 7960 7855 23 surrender surrender NN 7960 7855 24 , , , 7960 7855 25 " " '' 7960 7855 26 or or CC 7960 7855 27 " " `` 7960 7855 28 resignation resignation NN 7960 7855 29 . . . 7960 7855 30 " " '' 7960 7856 1 This this DT 7960 7856 2 religion religion NN 7960 7856 3 has have VBZ 7960 7856 4 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7856 5 sacred sacred JJ 7960 7856 6 book book NN 7960 7856 7 , , , 7960 7856 8 the the DT 7960 7856 9 Koran Koran NNP 7960 7856 10 ( ( -LRB- 7960 7856 11 " " `` 7960 7856 12 thing thing NN 7960 7856 13 read read NN 7960 7856 14 " " '' 7960 7856 15 or or CC 7960 7856 16 " " `` 7960 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NNP 7960 7895 3 also also RB 7960 7895 4 inculcates inculcate VBZ 7960 7895 5 many many JJ 7960 7895 6 active active JJ 7960 7895 7 virtues virtue NNS 7960 7895 8 , , , 7960 7895 9 including include VBG 7960 7895 10 reverence reverence NN 7960 7895 11 toward toward IN 7960 7895 12 parents parent NNS 7960 7895 13 , , , 7960 7895 14 protection protection NN 7960 7895 15 of of IN 7960 7895 16 widows widow NNS 7960 7895 17 and and CC 7960 7895 18 orphans orphan NNS 7960 7895 19 , , , 7960 7895 20 charity charity NN 7960 7895 21 toward toward IN 7960 7895 22 the the DT 7960 7895 23 poor poor JJ 7960 7895 24 , , , 7960 7895 25 kindness kindness NN 7960 7895 26 to to IN 7960 7895 27 slaves slave NNS 7960 7895 28 , , , 7960 7895 29 and and CC 7960 7895 30 gentle gentle JJ 7960 7895 31 treatment treatment NN 7960 7895 32 of of IN 7960 7895 33 the the DT 7960 7895 34 lower low JJR 7960 7895 35 animals animal NNS 7960 7895 36 . . . 7960 7896 1 On on IN 7960 7896 2 the the DT 7960 7896 3 whole whole NN 7960 7896 4 it -PRON- PRP 7960 7896 5 must must MD 7960 7896 6 be be VB 7960 7896 7 admitted admit VBN 7960 7896 8 that that IN 7960 7896 9 the the DT 7960 7896 10 laws law NNS 7960 7896 11 of of IN 7960 7896 12 the the DT 7960 7896 13 Koran Koran NNP 7960 7896 14 did do VBD 7960 7896 15 much much RB 7960 7896 16 to to TO 7960 7896 17 restrain restrain VB 7960 7896 18 the the DT 7960 7896 19 vices vice NNS 7960 7896 20 of of IN 7960 7896 21 the the DT 7960 7896 22 Arabs Arabs NNPS 7960 7896 23 and and CC 7960 7896 24 to to TO 7960 7896 25 provide provide VB 7960 7896 26 them -PRON- PRP 7960 7896 27 with with IN 7960 7896 28 higher high JJR 7960 7896 29 standards standard NNS 7960 7896 30 of of IN 7960 7896 31 right right NN 7960 7896 32 and and CC 7960 7896 33 wrong wrong NN 7960 7896 34 . . . 7960 7897 1 Islam Islam NNP 7960 7897 2 marked mark VBD 7960 7897 3 a a DT 7960 7897 4 great great JJ 7960 7897 5 advance advance NN 7960 7897 6 over over IN 7960 7897 7 Arabian arabian 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among among IN 7960 7899 36 the the DT 7960 7899 37 idolatrous idolatrous JJ 7960 7899 38 Arab arab JJ 7960 7899 39 tribes tribe NNS 7960 7899 40 . . . 7960 7900 1 By by IN 7960 7900 2 thus thus RB 7960 7900 3 following follow VBG 7960 7900 4 up up RP 7960 7900 5 preaching preach VBG 7960 7900 6 with with IN 7960 7900 7 force force NN 7960 7900 8 , , , 7960 7900 9 he -PRON- PRP 7960 7900 10 subdued subdue VBD 7960 7900 11 the the DT 7960 7900 12 greater great JJR 7960 7900 13 part part NN 7960 7900 14 of of IN 7960 7900 15 Arabia Arabia NNP 7960 7900 16 . . . 7960 7901 1 The the DT 7960 7901 2 prophet prophet NN 7960 7901 3 's 's POS 7960 7901 4 methods method NNS 7960 7901 5 were be VBD 7960 7901 6 adopted adopt VBN 7960 7901 7 by by IN 7960 7901 8 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7901 9 successors successor NNS 7960 7901 10 . . . 7960 7902 1 Within within IN 7960 7902 2 a a DT 7960 7902 3 century century NN 7960 7902 4 after after IN 7960 7902 5 Mohammed Mohammed NNP 7960 7902 6 's 's POS 7960 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7960 7904 4 righteousness righteousness NN 7960 7904 5 of of IN 7960 7904 6 a a DT 7960 7904 7 " " `` 7960 7904 8 holy holy NNP 7960 7904 9 war war NN 7960 7904 10 , , , 7960 7904 11 " " '' 7960 7904 12 or or CC 7960 7904 13 _ _ NNP 7960 7904 14 jihad jihad NNP 7960 7904 15 _ _ NNP 7960 7904 16 , , , 7960 7904 17 against against IN 7960 7904 18 unbelievers unbeliever NNS 7960 7904 19 . . . 7960 7905 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 7905 2 promised promise VBD 7960 7905 3 rich rich JJ 7960 7905 4 booty booty NN 7960 7905 5 for for IN 7960 7905 6 those those DT 7960 7905 7 who who WP 7960 7905 8 fought fight VBD 7960 7905 9 and and CC 7960 7905 10 won win VBD 7960 7905 11 , , , 7960 7905 12 and and CC 7960 7905 13 paradise paradise NNP 7960 7905 14 for for IN 7960 7905 15 those those DT 7960 7905 16 who who WP 7960 7905 17 fell fall VBD 7960 7905 18 . . . 7960 7906 1 The the DT 7960 7906 2 Arab arab JJ 7960 7906 3 soldier soldier NN 7960 7906 4 , , , 7960 7906 5 dying die VBG 7960 7906 6 on on IN 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7907 1 " " `` 7960 7907 2 Whosoever whosoever NN 7960 7907 3 falls fall VBZ 7960 7907 4 in in IN 7960 7907 5 battle battle NN 7960 7907 6 , , , 7960 7907 7 " " '' 7960 7907 8 so so RB 7960 7907 9 runs run VBZ 7960 7907 10 a a DT 7960 7907 11 passage passage NN 7960 7907 12 in in IN 7960 7907 13 the the DT 7960 7907 14 Koran Koran NNP 7960 7907 15 , , , 7960 7907 16 " " '' 7960 7907 17 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7907 18 sins sin NNS 7960 7907 19 are be VBP 7960 7907 20 forgiven forgive VBN 7960 7907 21 , , , 7960 7907 22 and and CC 7960 7907 23 at at IN 7960 7907 24 the the DT 7960 7907 25 day day NN 7960 7907 26 of of IN 7960 7907 27 judgment judgment NN 7960 7907 28 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7907 29 limbs limb NNS 7960 7907 30 shall shall MD 7960 7907 31 be be VB 7960 7907 32 supplied supply VBN 7960 7907 33 by by IN 7960 7907 34 the the DT 7960 7907 35 wings wing NNS 7960 7907 36 of of IN 7960 7907 37 angels angel NNS 7960 7907 38 and and CC 7960 7907 39 cherubim cherubim NNP 7960 7907 40 . . . 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7911 19 the the DT 7960 7911 20 rich rich JJ 7960 7911 21 districts district NNS 7960 7911 22 of of IN 7960 7911 23 western western JJ 7960 7911 24 Asia Asia NNP 7960 7911 25 , , , 7960 7911 26 much much RB 7960 7911 27 as as IN 7960 7911 28 the the DT 7960 7911 29 Germans Germans NNPS 7960 7911 30 had have VBD 7960 7911 31 overrun overrun NN 7960 7911 32 western western JJ 7960 7911 33 Europe Europe NNP 7960 7911 34 . . . 7960 7912 1 Islam Islam NNP 7960 7912 2 strengthened strengthen VBD 7960 7912 3 the the DT 7960 7912 4 racial racial JJ 7960 7912 5 pride pride NN 7960 7912 6 of of IN 7960 7912 7 the the DT 7960 7912 8 Arabs Arabs NNPS 7960 7912 9 , , , 7960 7912 10 united unite VBD 7960 7912 11 them -PRON- PRP 7960 7912 12 into into IN 7960 7912 13 one one CD 7960 7912 14 nation nation NN 7960 7912 15 , , , 7960 7912 16 and and CC 7960 7912 17 gave give VBD 7960 7912 18 them -PRON- PRP 7960 7912 19 an an DT 7960 7912 20 effective effective JJ 7960 7912 21 organization organization 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NN 7960 7914 1 The the DT 7960 7914 2 most most RBS 7960 7914 3 extensive extensive JJ 7960 7914 4 conquests conquest NNS 7960 7914 5 of of IN 7960 7914 6 the the DT 7960 7914 7 Arabs Arabs NNPS 7960 7914 8 were be VBD 7960 7914 9 made make VBN 7960 7914 10 within within IN 7960 7914 11 ten ten CD 7960 7914 12 years year NNS 7960 7914 13 after after IN 7960 7914 14 Mohammed Mohammed NNP 7960 7914 15 's 's POS 7960 7914 16 death death NN 7960 7914 17 . . . 7960 7915 1 During during IN 7960 7915 2 this this DT 7960 7915 3 time time NN 7960 7915 4 the the DT 7960 7915 5 Moslem Moslem NNP 7960 7915 6 warriors warrior NNS 7960 7915 7 , , , 7960 7915 8 though though IN 7960 7915 9 poorly poorly RB 7960 7915 10 armed armed JJ 7960 7915 11 , , , 7960 7915 12 ill ill RB 7960 7915 13 - - HYPH 7960 7915 14 disciplined discipline VBN 7960 7915 15 , , , 7960 7915 16 and and CC 7960 7915 17 in in IN 7960 7915 18 every every DT 7960 7915 19 battle battle NN 7960 7915 20 greatly greatly RB 7960 7915 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A.D. NNP 7960 7924 14 were be VBD 7960 7924 15 followed follow VBN 7960 7924 16 in in IN 7960 7924 17 later late JJR 7960 7924 18 years year NNS 7960 7924 19 by by IN 7960 7924 20 a a DT 7960 7924 21 further further JJ 7960 7924 22 extension extension NN 7960 7924 23 of of IN 7960 7924 24 the the DT 7960 7924 25 boundaries boundary NNS 7960 7924 26 of of IN 7960 7924 27 the the DT 7960 7924 28 Arabian Arabian NNP 7960 7924 29 Empire Empire NNP 7960 7924 30 . . . 7960 7925 1 In in IN 7960 7925 2 the the DT 7960 7925 3 remote remote JJ 7960 7925 4 East East NNP 7960 7925 5 the the DT 7960 7925 6 Arabs Arabs NNPS 7960 7925 7 sent send VBD 7960 7925 8 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7925 9 victorious victorious JJ 7960 7925 10 armies army NNS 7960 7925 11 beyond beyond IN 7960 7925 12 the the DT 7960 7925 13 Oxus Oxus NNP 7960 7925 14 and and CC 7960 7925 15 Indus Indus NNP 7960 7925 16 rivers river NNS 7960 7925 17 to to IN 7960 7925 18 central central JJ 7960 7925 19 Asia Asia NNP 7960 7925 20 and and CC 7960 7925 21 India India NNP 7960 7925 22 . . . 7960 7926 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 7926 2 captured capture VBD 7960 7926 3 the the DT 7960 7926 4 island island NN 7960 7926 5 of of IN 7960 7926 6 Cyprus Cyprus NNP 7960 7926 7 , , , 7960 7926 8 annexed annex VBD 7960 7926 9 parts part NNS 7960 7926 10 of of IN 7960 7926 11 Armenia Armenia NNP 7960 7926 12 and and CC 7960 7926 13 Asia Asia NNP 7960 7926 14 Minor Minor NNP 7960 7926 15 , , , 7960 7926 16 and and CC 7960 7926 17 at at IN 7960 7926 18 length length NN 7960 7926 19 threatened threaten VBD 7960 7926 20 to to TO 7960 7926 21 take take VB 7960 7926 22 Constantinople Constantinople NNP 7960 7926 23 . . . 7960 7927 1 Had have VBD 7960 7927 2 that that DT 7960 7927 3 city city NN 7960 7927 4 fallen fall VBN 7960 7927 5 , , , 7960 7927 6 all all DT 7960 7927 7 eastern eastern JJ 7960 7927 8 Europe Europe NNP 7960 7927 9 would would MD 7960 7927 10 have have VB 7960 7927 11 been be VBN 7960 7927 12 laid lay VBN 7960 7927 13 open open JJ 7960 7927 14 to to IN 7960 7927 15 invasion invasion NN 7960 7927 16 . . . 7960 7928 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 7928 2 Illustration illustration NN 7960 7928 3 : : : 7960 7928 4 Map Map NNP 7960 7928 5 , , , 7960 7928 6 EXPANSION expansion NN 7960 7928 7 OF of IN 7960 7928 8 ISLAM ISLAM NNP 7960 7928 9 ] ] -RRB- 7960 7928 10 SIEGE SIEGE NNP 7960 7928 11 OF of IN 7960 7928 12 CONSTANTINOPLE CONSTANTINOPLE NNP 7960 7928 13 , , , 7960 7928 14 716 716 CD 7960 7928 15 - - SYM 7960 7928 16 717 717 CD 7960 7928 17 A.D. 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A.D. NNP 7960 7964 1 THE the DT 7960 7964 2 FOUR FOUR NNP 7960 7964 3 " " `` 7960 7964 4 ORTHODOX ORTHODOX NNP 7960 7964 5 " " '' 7960 7964 6 CALIPHS caliphs JJ 7960 7964 7 , , , 7960 7964 8 632 632 CD 7960 7964 9 - - SYM 7960 7964 10 661 661 CD 7960 7964 11 A.D. a.d. NN 7960 7964 12 Only only RB 7960 7964 13 eighteen eighteen CD 7960 7964 14 years year NNS 7960 7964 15 after after IN 7960 7964 16 the the DT 7960 7964 17 battle battle NN 7960 7964 18 of of IN 7960 7964 19 Tours Tours NNP 7960 7964 20 , , , 7960 7964 21 the the DT 7960 7964 22 Arabian Arabian NNP 7960 7964 23 Empire Empire NNP 7960 7964 24 was be VBD 7960 7964 25 divided divide VBN 7960 7964 26 into into IN 7960 7964 27 two two CD 7960 7964 28 rival rival NN 7960 7964 29 and and CC 7960 7964 30 more more JJR 7960 7964 31 or or CC 7960 7964 32 less less JJR 7960 7964 33 hostile hostile JJ 7960 7964 34 parts part NNS 7960 7964 35 , , , 7960 7964 36 which which WDT 7960 7964 37 came come VBD 7960 7964 38 to to TO 7960 7964 39 be be VB 7960 7964 40 called call VBN 7960 7964 41 the the DT 7960 7964 42 Eastern eastern JJ 7960 7964 43 and and CC 7960 7964 44 Western western JJ 7960 7964 45 caliphates caliphate NNS 7960 7964 46 . . . 7960 7965 1 The the DT 7960 7965 2 title title NN 7960 7965 3 of of IN 7960 7965 4 caliph caliph NNP 7960 7965 5 , , , 7960 7965 6 meaning mean VBG 7960 7965 7 " " `` 7960 7965 8 successor successor NN 7960 7965 9 " " '' 7960 7965 10 or or CC 7960 7965 11 " " `` 7960 7965 12 representative representative NN 7960 7965 13 , , , 7960 7965 14 " " '' 7960 7965 15 had have VBD 7960 7965 16 first first RB 7960 7965 17 been be VBN 7960 7965 18 assumed assume VBN 7960 7965 19 by by IN 7960 7965 20 Mohammed Mohammed NNP 7960 7965 21 's 's POS 7960 7965 22 father father NN 7960 7965 23 - - HYPH 7960 7965 24 in in IN 7960 7965 25 - - HYPH 7960 7965 26 law law NN 7960 7965 27 , , , 7960 7965 28 Abu Abu NNP 7960 7965 29 Bekr Bekr NNP 7960 7965 30 , , , 7960 7965 31 who who WP 7960 7965 32 was be VBD 7960 7965 33 chosen choose VBN 7960 7965 34 to to TO 7960 7965 35 succeed succeed VB 7960 7965 36 the the DT 7960 7965 37 prophet prophet NN 7960 7965 38 as as IN 7960 7965 39 the the DT 7960 7965 40 civil civil JJ 7960 7965 41 and and CC 7960 7965 42 religious religious JJ 7960 7965 43 head head NN 7960 7965 44 of of IN 7960 7965 45 the the DT 7960 7965 46 Moslem Moslem NNP 7960 7965 47 world world NN 7960 7965 48 . . . 7960 7966 1 After after IN 7960 7966 2 him -PRON- PRP 7960 7966 3 followed follow VBD 7960 7966 4 Omar Omar NNP 7960 7966 5 , , , 7960 7966 6 who who WP 7960 7966 7 had have VBD 7960 7966 8 been be VBN 7960 7966 9 one one CD 7960 7966 10 of of IN 7960 7966 11 Mohammed Mohammed NNP 7960 7966 12 's 's POS 7960 7966 13 most most RBS 7960 7966 14 faithful faithful JJ 7960 7966 15 adherents adherent NNS 7960 7966 16 , , , 7960 7966 17 and and CC 7960 7966 18 then then RB 7960 7966 19 Othman Othman NNP 7960 7966 20 and and CC 7960 7966 21 Ali Ali NNP 7960 7966 22 , , , 7960 7966 23 both both DT 7960 7966 24 sons son NNS 7960 7966 25 - - HYPH 7960 7966 26 in in IN 7960 7966 27 - - HYPH 7960 7966 28 law law NN 7960 7966 29 of of IN 7960 7966 30 Mohammed Mohammed NNP 7960 7966 31 . . . 7960 7967 1 These these DT 7960 7967 2 four four CD 7960 7967 3 rulers ruler NNS 7960 7967 4 are be VBP 7960 7967 5 sometimes sometimes RB 7960 7967 6 known know VBN 7960 7967 7 as as IN 7960 7967 8 the the DT 7960 7967 9 " " `` 7960 7967 10 Orthodox Orthodox NNP 7960 7967 11 " " '' 7960 7967 12 caliphs caliph NNS 7960 7967 13 , , , 7960 7967 14 because because IN 7960 7967 15 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7967 16 right right NN 7960 7967 17 to to IN 7960 7967 18 the the DT 7960 7967 19 succession succession NN 7960 7967 20 was be VBD 7960 7967 21 universally universally RB 7960 7967 22 acknowledged acknowledge VBN 7960 7967 23 by by IN 7960 7967 24 Moslems Moslems NNPS 7960 7967 25 . . . 7960 7968 1 OMMIAD OMMIAD NNP 7960 7968 2 CALIPHS CALIPHS NNP 7960 7968 3 AT at IN 7960 7968 4 DAMASCUS DAMASCUS NNP 7960 7968 5 , , , 7960 7968 6 661 661 CD 7960 7968 7 - - SYM 7960 7968 8 750 750 CD 7960 7968 9 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 7968 10 After after IN 7960 7968 11 Ali Ali NNP 7960 7968 12 's 's POS 7960 7968 13 death death NN 7960 7968 14 the the DT 7960 7968 15 governor governor NN 7960 7968 16 of of IN 7960 7968 17 Syria Syria NNP 7960 7968 18 , , , 7960 7968 19 Moawiya Moawiya NNP 7960 7968 20 by by IN 7960 7968 21 name name NN 7960 7968 22 , , , 7960 7968 23 succeeded succeed VBD 7960 7968 24 in in IN 7960 7968 25 making make VBG 7960 7968 26 himself -PRON- PRP 7960 7968 27 caliph caliph NNS 7960 7968 28 of of IN 7960 7968 29 the the DT 7960 7968 30 Moslem Moslem NNP 7960 7968 31 world world NN 7960 7968 32 . . . 7960 7969 1 This this DT 7960 7969 2 usurper usurper NN 7960 7969 3 converted convert VBD 7960 7969 4 the the DT 7960 7969 5 caliphate caliphate NN 7960 7969 6 into into IN 7960 7969 7 a a DT 7960 7969 8 hereditary hereditary NN 7960 7969 9 , , , 7960 7969 10 instead instead RB 7960 7969 11 of of IN 7960 7969 12 an an DT 7960 7969 13 elective elective JJ 7960 7969 14 , , , 7960 7969 15 office office NN 7960 7969 16 , , , 7960 7969 17 and and CC 7960 7969 18 established establish VBD 7960 7969 19 the the DT 7960 7969 20 dynasty dynasty NN 7960 7969 21 of of IN 7960 7969 22 the the DT 7960 7969 23 Ommiads Ommiads NNPS 7960 7969 24 . . . 7960 7970 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 7970 2 17 17 CD 7960 7970 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 7970 4 Their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7970 5 capital capital NN 7960 7970 6 was be VBD 7960 7970 7 no no RB 7960 7970 8 longer long JJR 7960 7970 9 Medina Medina NNP 7960 7970 10 in in IN 7960 7970 11 Arabia Arabia NNP 7960 7970 12 , , , 7960 7970 13 but but CC 7960 7970 14 the the DT 7960 7970 15 Syrian syrian JJ 7960 7970 16 city city NN 7960 7970 17 of of IN 7960 7970 18 Damascus Damascus NNP 7960 7970 19 . . . 7960 7971 1 The the DT 7960 7971 2 descendants descendant NNS 7960 7971 3 of of IN 7960 7971 4 Mohammed Mohammed NNP 7960 7971 5 's 's POS 7960 7971 6 family family NN 7960 7971 7 refused refuse VBD 7960 7971 8 , , , 7960 7971 9 however however RB 7960 7971 10 , , , 7960 7971 11 to to TO 7960 7971 12 recognize recognize VB 7960 7971 13 the the DT 7960 7971 14 Ommiads Ommiads NNPS 7960 7971 15 as as IN 7960 7971 16 legitimate legitimate JJ 7960 7971 17 caliphs caliph NNS 7960 7971 18 . . . 7960 7972 1 In in IN 7960 7972 2 750 750 CD 7960 7972 3 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 7972 4 a a DT 7960 7972 5 sudden sudden JJ 7960 7972 6 revolt revolt NN 7960 7972 7 , , , 7960 7972 8 headed head VBN 7960 7972 9 by by IN 7960 7972 10 the the DT 7960 7972 11 party party NN 7960 7972 12 of of IN 7960 7972 13 the the DT 7960 7972 14 Abbasids Abbasids NNPS 7960 7972 15 , , , 7960 7972 16 [ [ -LRB- 7960 7972 17 18 18 CD 7960 7972 18 ] ] -RRB- 7960 7972 19 established establish VBD 7960 7972 20 a a DT 7960 7972 21 new new JJ 7960 7972 22 dynasty dynasty NN 7960 7972 23 . . . 7960 7973 1 The the DT 7960 7973 2 Abbasids Abbasids NNP 7960 7973 3 treacherously treacherously RB 7960 7973 4 murdered murder VBD 7960 7973 5 nearly nearly RB 7960 7973 6 all all PDT 7960 7973 7 the the DT 7960 7973 8 members member NNS 7960 7973 9 of of IN 7960 7973 10 the the DT 7960 7973 11 Ommiad Ommiad NNP 7960 7973 12 family family NN 7960 7973 13 , , , 7960 7973 14 but but CC 7960 7973 15 one one CD 7960 7973 16 survivor survivor NN 7960 7973 17 escaped escape VBD 7960 7973 18 to to IN 7960 7973 19 Spain Spain NNP 7960 7973 20 , , , 7960 7973 21 where where WRB 7960 7973 22 he -PRON- PRP 7960 7973 23 founded found VBD 7960 7973 24 at at IN 7960 7973 25 Cordova Cordova NNP 7960 7973 26 an an DT 7960 7973 27 independent independent JJ 7960 7973 28 Ommiad Ommiad NNP 7960 7973 29 dynasty dynasty NN 7960 7973 30 . . . 7960 7974 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 7974 2 19 19 CD 7960 7974 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 7974 4 North North NNP 7960 7974 5 Africa Africa NNP 7960 7974 6 , , , 7960 7974 7 also also RB 7960 7974 8 , , , 7960 7974 9 before before IN 7960 7974 10 long long RB 7960 7974 11 separated separate VBD 7960 7974 12 itself -PRON- PRP 7960 7974 13 from from IN 7960 7974 14 Abbasid Abbasid NNP 7960 7974 15 rule rule NN 7960 7974 16 . . . 7960 7975 1 Thus thus RB 7960 7975 2 the the DT 7960 7975 3 once once RB 7960 7975 4 united united NNP 7960 7975 5 caliphate caliphate NNP 7960 7975 6 , , , 7960 7975 7 like like IN 7960 7975 8 the the DT 7960 7975 9 old old JJ 7960 7975 10 Roman Roman NNP 7960 7975 11 Empire Empire NNP 7960 7975 12 , , , 7960 7975 13 split split VBN 7960 7975 14 in in IN 7960 7975 15 twain twain NN 7960 7975 16 . . . 7960 7976 1 THE the DT 7960 7976 2 ABBASID ABBASID NNP 7960 7976 3 CALIPHS caliph VBN 7960 7976 4 , , , 7960 7976 5 750 750 CD 7960 7976 6 - - SYM 7960 7976 7 1058 1058 CD 7960 7976 8 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 7977 1 The the DT 7960 7977 2 Abbasids Abbasids NNP 7960 7977 3 continued continue VBD 7960 7977 4 to to TO 7960 7977 5 reign reign VB 7960 7977 6 over over IN 7960 7977 7 the the DT 7960 7977 8 Moslems Moslems NNPS 7960 7977 9 in in IN 7960 7977 10 Asia Asia NNP 7960 7977 11 for for IN 7960 7977 12 more more JJR 7960 7977 13 than than IN 7960 7977 14 three three CD 7960 7977 15 hundred hundred CD 7960 7977 16 years year NNS 7960 7977 17 . . . 7960 7978 1 The the DT 7960 7978 2 most most RBS 7960 7978 3 celebrated celebrated JJ 7960 7978 4 of of IN 7960 7978 5 Abbasid Abbasid NNP 7960 7978 6 caliphs caliph NNS 7960 7978 7 was be VBD 7960 7978 8 Harun harun NN 7960 7978 9 - - HYPH 7960 7978 10 al- al- RP 7960 7978 11 Rashid Rashid NNP 7960 7978 12 ( ( -LRB- 7960 7978 13 Aaron Aaron NNP 7960 7978 14 the the DT 7960 7978 15 Just just RB 7960 7978 16 ) ) -RRB- 7960 7978 17 , , , 7960 7978 18 a a DT 7960 7978 19 contemporary contemporary NN 7960 7978 20 of of IN 7960 7978 21 Charlemagne Charlemagne NNP 7960 7978 22 , , , 7960 7978 23 to to TO 7960 7978 24 whom whom WP 7960 7978 25 the the DT 7960 7978 26 Arab arab JJ 7960 7978 27 ruler ruler NN 7960 7978 28 sent send VBD 7960 7978 29 several several JJ 7960 7978 30 presents present NNS 7960 7978 31 , , , 7960 7978 32 including include VBG 7960 7978 33 an an DT 7960 7978 34 elephant elephant NN 7960 7978 35 and and CC 7960 7978 36 a a DT 7960 7978 37 water water NN 7960 7978 38 - - HYPH 7960 7978 39 clock clock NN 7960 7978 40 which which WDT 7960 7978 41 struck strike VBD 7960 7978 42 the the DT 7960 7978 43 hours hour NNS 7960 7978 44 . . . 7960 7979 1 The the DT 7960 7979 2 tales tale NNS 7960 7979 3 of of IN 7960 7979 4 Harun Harun NNP 7960 7979 5 - - HYPH 7960 7979 6 al al NNP 7960 7979 7 - - HYPH 7960 7979 8 Rashid Rashid NNP 7960 7979 9 's 's POS 7960 7979 10 magnificence magnificence NN 7960 7979 11 , , , 7960 7979 12 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7979 13 gold gold NN 7960 7979 14 and and CC 7960 7979 15 silver silver NN 7960 7979 16 , , , 7960 7979 17 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7979 18 silks silk NNS 7960 7979 19 and and CC 7960 7979 20 gems gem NNS 7960 7979 21 , , , 7960 7979 22 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7979 23 rugs rug NNS 7960 7979 24 and and CC 7960 7979 25 tapestries tapestry NNS 7960 7979 26 , , , 7960 7979 27 reflect reflect VBP 7960 7979 28 the the DT 7960 7979 29 luxurious luxurious JJ 7960 7979 30 life life NN 7960 7979 31 of of IN 7960 7979 32 the the DT 7960 7979 33 Abbasid Abbasid NNP 7960 7979 34 rulers ruler NNS 7960 7979 35 . . . 7960 7980 1 Gradually gradually RB 7960 7980 2 , , , 7960 7980 3 however however RB 7960 7980 4 , , , 7960 7980 5 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7980 6 power power NN 7960 7980 7 declined decline VBD 7960 7980 8 , , , 7960 7980 9 and and CC 7960 7980 10 in in IN 7960 7980 11 1058 1058 CD 7960 7980 12 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 7980 13 the the DT 7960 7980 14 Seljuk Seljuk NNP 7960 7980 15 Turks Turks NNPS 7960 7980 16 , , , 7960 7980 17 [ [ -LRB- 7960 7980 18 20 20 CD 7960 7980 19 ] ] -RRB- 7960 7980 20 recent recent JJ 7960 7980 21 converts convert NNS 7960 7980 22 to to IN 7960 7980 23 Islam Islam NNP 7960 7980 24 , , , 7960 7980 25 deprived deprive VBD 7960 7980 26 them -PRON- PRP 7960 7980 27 of of IN 7960 7980 28 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7980 29 power power NN 7960 7980 30 . . . 7960 7981 1 A a DT 7960 7981 2 Turkish turkish JJ 7960 7981 3 chieftain chieftain NN 7960 7981 4 , , , 7960 7981 5 with with IN 7960 7981 6 the the DT 7960 7981 7 title title NN 7960 7981 8 of of IN 7960 7981 9 " " `` 7960 7981 10 King King NNP 7960 7981 11 of of IN 7960 7981 12 the the DT 7960 7981 13 East East NNP 7960 7981 14 and and CC 7960 7981 15 West West NNP 7960 7981 16 , , , 7960 7981 17 " " '' 7960 7981 18 then then RB 7960 7981 19 took take VBD 7960 7981 20 the the DT 7960 7981 21 place place NN 7960 7981 22 of of IN 7960 7981 23 the the DT 7960 7981 24 Arabian arabian JJ 7960 7981 25 caliph caliph NNS 7960 7981 26 , , , 7960 7981 27 though though IN 7960 7981 28 the the DT 7960 7981 29 latter latter NN 7960 7981 30 remained remain VBD 7960 7981 31 the the DT 7960 7981 32 religious religious JJ 7960 7981 33 head head NN 7960 7981 34 of of IN 7960 7981 35 Islam Islam NNP 7960 7981 36 . . . 7960 7982 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 7982 2 lost lose VBD 7960 7982 3 even even RB 7960 7982 4 this this DT 7960 7982 5 spiritual spiritual JJ 7960 7982 6 authority authority NN 7960 7982 7 , , , 7960 7982 8 just just RB 7960 7982 9 two two CD 7960 7982 10 centuries century NNS 7960 7982 11 later later RB 7960 7982 12 , , , 7960 7982 13 when when WRB 7960 7982 14 the the DT 7960 7982 15 Mongols Mongols NNPS 7960 7982 16 from from IN 7960 7982 17 central central JJ 7960 7982 18 Asia Asia NNP 7960 7982 19 overran overrun VBD 7960 7982 20 the the DT 7960 7982 21 Turkish turkish JJ 7960 7982 22 dominions dominion NNS 7960 7982 23 . . . 7960 7983 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 7983 2 21 21 CD 7960 7983 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 7983 4 BAGDAD BAGDAD NNP 7960 7983 5 The the DT 7960 7983 6 Abbasids Abbasids NNPS 7960 7983 7 removed remove VBD 7960 7983 8 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7983 9 capital capital NN 7960 7983 10 from from IN 7960 7983 11 Damascus Damascus NNP 7960 7983 12 to to IN 7960 7983 13 Bagdad Bagdad NNP 7960 7983 14 on on IN 7960 7983 15 the the DT 7960 7983 16 banks bank NNS 7960 7983 17 of of IN 7960 7983 18 the the DT 7960 7983 19 middle middle JJ 7960 7983 20 Euphrates Euphrates NNP 7960 7983 21 . . . 7960 7984 1 The the DT 7960 7984 2 new new JJ 7960 7984 3 city city NN 7960 7984 4 , , , 7960 7984 5 under under IN 7960 7984 6 the the DT 7960 7984 7 fostering fostering NN 7960 7984 8 care care NN 7960 7984 9 of of IN 7960 7984 10 the the DT 7960 7984 11 caliphs caliph NNS 7960 7984 12 , , , 7960 7984 13 grew grow VBD 7960 7984 14 with with IN 7960 7984 15 great great JJ 7960 7984 16 rapidity rapidity NN 7960 7984 17 . . . 7960 7985 1 Its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7985 2 population population NN 7960 7985 3 in in IN 7960 7985 4 the the DT 7960 7985 5 ninth ninth JJ 7960 7985 6 century century NN 7960 7985 7 is be VBZ 7960 7985 8 said say VBN 7960 7985 9 to to TO 7960 7985 10 have have VB 7960 7985 11 reached reach VBN 7960 7985 12 two two CD 7960 7985 13 millions million NNS 7960 7985 14 . . . 7960 7986 1 For for IN 7960 7986 2 a a DT 7960 7986 3 time time NN 7960 7986 4 it -PRON- PRP 7960 7986 5 was be VBD 7960 7986 6 the the DT 7960 7986 7 largest large JJS 7960 7986 8 and and CC 7960 7986 9 richest rich JJS 7960 7986 10 city city NN 7960 7986 11 in in IN 7960 7986 12 the the DT 7960 7986 13 Moslem Moslem NNP 7960 7986 14 world world NN 7960 7986 15 . . . 7960 7987 1 How how WRB 7960 7987 2 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7987 3 splendor splendor NN 7960 7987 4 impressed impress VBD 7960 7987 5 the the DT 7960 7987 6 imagination imagination NN 7960 7987 7 may may MD 7960 7987 8 be be VB 7960 7987 9 seen see VBN 7960 7987 10 from from IN 7960 7987 11 the the DT 7960 7987 12 stories story NNS 7960 7987 13 of of IN 7960 7987 14 the the DT 7960 7987 15 _ _ NNP 7960 7987 16 Thousand Thousand NNP 7960 7987 17 and and CC 7960 7987 18 One One NNP 7960 7987 19 Nights Nights NNPS 7960 7987 20 _ _ NNP 7960 7987 21 . . . 7960 7988 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 7988 2 22 22 CD 7960 7988 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 7988 4 After after IN 7960 7988 5 the the DT 7960 7988 6 extinction extinction NN 7960 7988 7 of of IN 7960 7988 8 the the DT 7960 7988 9 Abbasid Abbasid NNP 7960 7988 10 caliphate caliphate NN 7960 7988 11 , , , 7960 7988 12 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7988 13 importance importance NN 7960 7988 14 as as IN 7960 7988 15 the the DT 7960 7988 16 religious religious JJ 7960 7988 17 and and CC 7960 7988 18 political political JJ 7960 7988 19 center center NN 7960 7988 20 of of IN 7960 7988 21 Islam Islam NNP 7960 7988 22 declined decline VBD 7960 7988 23 . . . 7960 7989 1 But but CC 7960 7989 2 memories memory NNS 7960 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It -PRON- PRP 7960 7990 9 was be VBD 7960 7990 10 a a DT 7960 7990 11 very very RB 7960 7990 12 great great JJ 7960 7990 13 misfortune misfortune NN 7960 7990 14 for for IN 7960 7990 15 the the DT 7960 7990 16 eastern eastern JJ 7960 7990 17 world world NN 7960 7990 18 when when WRB 7960 7990 19 the the DT 7960 7990 20 Arabian Arabian NNP 7960 7990 21 Empire Empire NNP 7960 7990 22 passed pass VBD 7960 7990 23 under under IN 7960 7990 24 the the DT 7960 7990 25 control control NN 7960 7990 26 of of IN 7960 7990 27 rude rude JJ 7960 7990 28 Asiatic asiatic JJ 7960 7990 29 peoples people NNS 7960 7990 30 . . . 7960 7991 1 The the DT 7960 7991 2 Turks Turks NNPS 7960 7991 3 accepted accept VBD 7960 7991 4 Islam Islam NNP 7960 7991 5 , , , 7960 7991 6 but but CC 7960 7991 7 they -PRON- PRP 7960 7991 8 did do VBD 7960 7991 9 little little JJ 7960 7991 10 to to TO 7960 7991 11 preserve preserve VB 7960 7991 12 and and CC 7960 7991 13 extend extend VB 7960 7991 14 Arabian arabian JJ 7960 7991 15 civilization civilization NN 7960 7991 16 . . . 7960 7992 1 The the DT 7960 7992 2 stagnant stagnant JJ 7960 7992 3 , , , 7960 7992 4 non non JJ 7960 7992 5 - - JJ 7960 7992 6 progressive progressive JJ 7960 7992 7 condition condition NN 7960 7992 8 of of IN 7960 7992 9 the the DT 7960 7992 10 East East NNP 7960 7992 11 at at IN 7960 7992 12 the the DT 7960 7992 13 present present JJ 7960 7992 14 time time NN 7960 7992 15 is be VBZ 7960 7992 16 largely largely RB 7960 7992 17 due due JJ 7960 7992 18 to to IN 7960 7992 19 the the DT 7960 7992 20 misgovernment misgovernment NN 7960 7992 21 of of IN 7960 7992 22 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7992 23 Turkish turkish JJ 7960 7992 24 conquerors conqueror NNS 7960 7992 25 . . . 7960 7993 1 136 136 CD 7960 7993 2 . . . 7960 7994 1 ARABIAN ARABIAN NNP 7960 7994 2 CIVILIZATION CIVILIZATION NNP 7960 7994 3 THE the DT 7960 7994 4 ARABS ARABS NNP 7960 7994 5 AS as IN 7960 7994 6 ABSORBERS absorber NNS 7960 7994 7 OF of IN 7960 7994 8 CIVILIZATION civilization NN 7960 7994 9 The the DT 7960 7994 10 great great JJ 7960 7994 11 Moslem Moslem NNP 7960 7994 12 cities city NNS 7960 7994 13 of of IN 7960 7994 14 Bagdad Bagdad NNP 7960 7994 15 , , , 7960 7994 16 Damascus Damascus NNP 7960 7994 17 , , , 7960 7994 18 Cairo Cairo NNP 7960 7994 19 , , , 7960 7994 20 and and CC 7960 7994 21 Cordova Cordova NNP 7960 7994 22 were be VBD 7960 7994 23 not not RB 7960 7994 24 only only RB 7960 7994 25 seats seat NNS 7960 7994 26 of of IN 7960 7994 27 government government NN 7960 7994 28 for for IN 7960 7994 29 the the DT 7960 7994 30 different different JJ 7960 7994 31 divisions division NNS 7960 7994 32 of of IN 7960 7994 33 the the DT 7960 7994 34 Arabian Arabian NNP 7960 7994 35 Empire Empire NNP 7960 7994 36 ; ; : 7960 7994 37 they -PRON- PRP 7960 7994 38 were be VBD 7960 7994 39 also also RB 7960 7994 40 the the DT 7960 7994 41 centers center NNS 7960 7994 42 of of IN 7960 7994 43 Arabian arabian JJ 7960 7994 44 civilization civilization NN 7960 7994 45 . . . 7960 7995 1 The the DT 7960 7995 2 conquests conquest NNS 7960 7995 3 of of IN 7960 7995 4 the the DT 7960 7995 5 Arabs Arabs NNPS 7960 7995 6 had have VBD 7960 7995 7 brought bring VBN 7960 7995 8 them -PRON- PRP 7960 7995 9 into into IN 7960 7995 10 contact contact NN 7960 7995 11 with with IN 7960 7995 12 highly highly RB 7960 7995 13 developed develop VBN 7960 7995 14 peoples people NNS 7960 7995 15 whose whose WP$ 7960 7995 16 culture culture NN 7960 7995 17 they -PRON- PRP 7960 7995 18 absorbed absorb VBD 7960 7995 19 and and CC 7960 7995 20 to to IN 7960 7995 21 some some DT 7960 7995 22 extent extent NN 7960 7995 23 improved improve VBN 7960 7995 24 . . . 7960 7996 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 7996 2 owed owe VBD 7960 7996 3 most most RBS 7960 7996 4 to to IN 7960 7996 5 Persia Persia NNP 7960 7996 6 and and CC 7960 7996 7 , , , 7960 7996 8 after after IN 7960 7996 9 Persia Persia NNP 7960 7996 10 , , , 7960 7996 11 to to IN 7960 7996 12 Greece Greece NNP 7960 7996 13 , , , 7960 7996 14 through through IN 7960 7996 15 the the DT 7960 7996 16 empire empire NN 7960 7996 17 at at IN 7960 7996 18 Constantinople Constantinople NNP 7960 7996 19 , , , 7960 7996 20 In in IN 7960 7996 21 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 7996 22 hands hand NNS 7960 7996 23 there there EX 7960 7996 24 was be VBD 7960 7996 25 somewhat somewhat RB 7960 7996 26 the the DT 7960 7996 27 same same JJ 7960 7996 28 fusion fusion NN 7960 7996 29 of of IN 7960 7996 30 East East NNP 7960 7996 31 and and CC 7960 7996 32 West West NNP 7960 7996 33 as as IN 7960 7996 34 Alexander Alexander NNP 7960 7996 35 the the DT 7960 7996 36 Great Great NNP 7960 7996 37 had have VBD 7960 7996 38 sought seek VBN 7960 7996 39 to to TO 7960 7996 40 accomplish accomplish VB 7960 7996 41 . . . 7960 7997 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 7997 2 23 23 CD 7960 7997 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 7997 4 Greek greek JJ 7960 7997 5 science science NN 7960 7997 6 and and CC 7960 7997 7 philosophy philosophy NN 7960 7997 8 mingled mingle VBN 7960 7997 9 with with IN 7960 7997 10 the the DT 7960 7997 11 arts art NNS 7960 7997 12 of of IN 7960 7997 13 Persia Persia NNP 7960 7997 14 and and CC 7960 7997 15 other other JJ 7960 7997 16 Oriental oriental JJ 7960 7997 17 lands land NNS 7960 7997 18 . . . 7960 7998 1 Arabian arabian JJ 7960 7998 2 civilization civilization NN 7960 7998 3 , , , 7960 7998 4 for for IN 7960 7998 5 about about RB 7960 7998 6 four four CD 7960 7998 7 centuries century NNS 7960 7998 8 under under IN 7960 7998 9 the the DT 7960 7998 10 Ommiad Ommiad NNP 7960 7998 11 and and CC 7960 7998 12 Abbasid Abbasid NNP 7960 7998 13 caliphs caliph NNS 7960 7998 14 , , , 7960 7998 15 far far RB 7960 7998 16 surpassed surpass VBD 7960 7998 17 anything anything NN 7960 7998 18 to to TO 7960 7998 19 be be VB 7960 7998 20 found find VBN 7960 7998 21 in in IN 7960 7998 22 western western JJ 7960 7998 23 Europe Europe NNP 7960 7998 24 . . . 7960 7999 1 AGRICULTURE AGRICULTURE NNP 7960 7999 2 Many many JJ 7960 7999 3 improvements improvement NNS 7960 7999 4 in in IN 7960 7999 5 agriculture agriculture NN 7960 7999 6 were be VBD 7960 7999 7 due due JJ 7960 7999 8 to to IN 7960 7999 9 the the DT 7960 7999 10 Arabs Arabs NNPS 7960 7999 11 . . . 7960 8000 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 8000 2 had have VBD 7960 8000 3 a a DT 7960 8000 4 good good JJ 7960 8000 5 system system NN 7960 8000 6 of of IN 7960 8000 7 irrigation irrigation NN 7960 8000 8 , , , 7960 8000 9 practiced practice VBD 7960 8000 10 rotation rotation NN 7960 8000 11 of of IN 7960 8000 12 crops crop NNS 7960 8000 13 , , , 7960 8000 14 employed employ VBN 7960 8000 15 fertilizers fertilizer NNS 7960 8000 16 , , , 7960 8000 17 and and CC 7960 8000 18 understood understand VBD 7960 8000 19 how how WRB 7960 8000 20 to to TO 7960 8000 21 graft graft VB 7960 8000 22 and and CC 7960 8000 23 produce produce VB 7960 8000 24 new new JJ 7960 8000 25 varieties variety NNS 7960 8000 26 of of IN 7960 8000 27 plants plant NNS 7960 8000 28 and and CC 7960 8000 29 fruits fruit NNS 7960 8000 30 . . . 7960 8001 1 From from IN 7960 8001 2 the the DT 7960 8001 3 Arabs Arabs NNPS 7960 8001 4 we -PRON- PRP 7960 8001 5 have have VBP 7960 8001 6 received receive VBN 7960 8001 7 cotton cotton NN 7960 8001 8 , , , 7960 8001 9 flax flax NN 7960 8001 10 , , , 7960 8001 11 hemp hemp NN 7960 8001 12 , , , 7960 8001 13 buckwheat buckwheat NN 7960 8001 14 , , , 7960 8001 15 rice rice NN 7960 8001 16 , , , 7960 8001 17 sugar sugar NN 7960 8001 18 cane cane NN 7960 8001 19 , , , 7960 8001 20 and and CC 7960 8001 21 coffee coffee NN 7960 8001 22 , , , 7960 8001 23 various various JJ 7960 8001 24 vegetables vegetable NNS 7960 8001 25 , , , 7960 8001 26 including include VBG 7960 8001 27 asparagus asparagus NN 7960 8001 28 , , , 7960 8001 29 artichokes artichoke NNS 7960 8001 30 , , , 7960 8001 31 and and CC 7960 8001 32 beans bean NNS 7960 8001 33 , , , 7960 8001 34 and and CC 7960 8001 35 such such JJ 7960 8001 36 fruits fruit NNS 7960 8001 37 as as IN 7960 8001 38 melons melon NNS 7960 8001 39 , , , 7960 8001 40 oranges orange NNS 7960 8001 41 , , , 7960 8001 42 lemons lemon NNS 7960 8001 43 , , , 7960 8001 44 apricots apricot NNS 7960 8001 45 , , , 7960 8001 46 and and CC 7960 8001 47 plums plum NNS 7960 8001 48 . . . 7960 8002 1 MANUFACTURING MANUFACTURING NNP 7960 8002 2 The the DT 7960 8002 3 Arabs Arabs NNPS 7960 8002 4 excelled excel VBD 7960 8002 5 in in IN 7960 8002 6 various various JJ 7960 8002 7 manufactures manufacture NNS 7960 8002 8 . . . 7960 8003 1 Damascus Damascus NNP 7960 8003 2 was be VBD 7960 8003 3 famous famous JJ 7960 8003 4 for for IN 7960 8003 5 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8003 6 brocades brocade NNS 7960 8003 7 , , , 7960 8003 8 tapestries tapestry NNS 7960 8003 9 , , , 7960 8003 10 and and CC 7960 8003 11 blades blade NNS 7960 8003 12 of of IN 7960 8003 13 tempered temper VBN 7960 8003 14 steel steel NN 7960 8003 15 . . . 7960 8004 1 The the DT 7960 8004 2 Moorish moorish JJ 7960 8004 3 cities city NNS 7960 8004 4 in in IN 7960 8004 5 Spain Spain NNP 7960 8004 6 had have VBD 7960 8004 7 also also RB 7960 8004 8 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8004 9 special special JJ 7960 8004 10 productions production NNS 7960 8004 11 : : : 7960 8004 12 Cordova Cordova NNP 7960 8004 13 , , , 7960 8004 14 leather leather NN 7960 8004 15 ; ; : 7960 8004 16 Toledo Toledo NNP 7960 8004 17 , , , 7960 8004 18 armor armor NN 7960 8004 19 ; ; : 7960 8004 20 and and CC 7960 8004 21 Granada Granada NNP 7960 8004 22 , , , 7960 8004 23 rich rich JJ 7960 8004 24 silks silk NNS 7960 8004 25 . . . 7960 8005 1 Arab arab JJ 7960 8005 2 craftsmen craftsman NNS 7960 8005 3 taught teach VBD 7960 8005 4 the the DT 7960 8005 5 Venetians Venetians NNPS 7960 8005 6 to to TO 7960 8005 7 make make VB 7960 8005 8 crystal crystal NN 7960 8005 9 and and CC 7960 8005 10 plate plate NN 7960 8005 11 glass glass NN 7960 8005 12 . . . 7960 8006 1 The the DT 7960 8006 2 work work NN 7960 8006 3 of of IN 7960 8006 4 Arab arab JJ 7960 8006 5 potters potter NNS 7960 8006 6 and and CC 7960 8006 7 weavers weaver NNS 7960 8006 8 was be VBD 7960 8006 9 at at IN 7960 8006 10 once once RB 7960 8006 11 the the DT 7960 8006 12 admiration admiration NN 7960 8006 13 and and CC 7960 8006 14 despair despair NN 7960 8006 15 of of IN 7960 8006 16 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8006 17 imitators imitator NNS 7960 8006 18 in in IN 7960 8006 19 western western JJ 7960 8006 20 Europe Europe NNP 7960 8006 21 . . . 7960 8007 1 The the DT 7960 8007 2 Arabs Arabs NNPS 7960 8007 3 knew know VBD 7960 8007 4 the the DT 7960 8007 5 secrets secret NNS 7960 8007 6 of of IN 7960 8007 7 dyeing dyeing NN 7960 8007 8 and and CC 7960 8007 9 they -PRON- PRP 7960 8007 10 made make VBD 7960 8007 11 a a DT 7960 8007 12 kind kind NN 7960 8007 13 of of IN 7960 8007 14 paper paper NN 7960 8007 15 . . . 7960 8008 1 Their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8008 2 textile textile JJ 7960 8008 3 fabrics fabric NNS 7960 8008 4 and and CC 7960 8008 5 articles article NNS 7960 8008 6 of of IN 7960 8008 7 metal metal NN 7960 8008 8 were be VBD 7960 8008 9 distinguished distinguish VBN 7960 8008 10 for for IN 7960 8008 11 beauty beauty NN 7960 8008 12 of of IN 7960 8008 13 design design NN 7960 8008 14 and and CC 7960 8008 15 perfection perfection NN 7960 8008 16 of of IN 7960 8008 17 workmanship workmanship NN 7960 8008 18 . . . 7960 8009 1 European european JJ 7960 8009 2 peoples people NNS 7960 8009 3 during during IN 7960 8009 4 the the DT 7960 8009 5 early early JJ 7960 8009 6 Middle Middle NNP 7960 8009 7 Ages Ages NNPS 7960 8009 8 received receive VBD 7960 8009 9 the the DT 7960 8009 10 greater great JJR 7960 8009 11 part part NN 7960 8009 12 of of IN 7960 8009 13 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8009 14 manufactured manufacture VBN 7960 8009 15 articles article NNS 7960 8009 16 of of IN 7960 8009 17 luxury luxury NN 7960 8009 18 through through IN 7960 8009 19 the the DT 7960 8009 20 Arabs Arabs NNPS 7960 8009 21 . . . 7960 8010 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 8010 2 24 24 CD 7960 8010 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 8010 4 COMMERCE COMMERCE NNP 7960 8010 5 The the DT 7960 8010 6 products product NNS 7960 8010 7 of of IN 7960 8010 8 Arab arab JJ 7960 8010 9 farms farm NNS 7960 8010 10 and and CC 7960 8010 11 workshops workshop NNS 7960 8010 12 were be VBD 7960 8010 13 carried carry VBN 7960 8010 14 far far RB 7960 8010 15 and and CC 7960 8010 16 wide wide JJ 7960 8010 17 throughout throughout IN 7960 8010 18 medieval medieval JJ 7960 8010 19 lands land NNS 7960 8010 20 . . . 7960 8011 1 The the DT 7960 8011 2 Arabs Arabs NNPS 7960 8011 3 were be VBD 7960 8011 4 keen keen JJ 7960 8011 5 merchants merchant NNS 7960 8011 6 , , , 7960 8011 7 and and CC 7960 8011 8 Mohammed Mohammed NNP 7960 8011 9 had have VBD 7960 8011 10 expressly expressly RB 7960 8011 11 encouraged encourage VBN 7960 8011 12 commerce commerce NN 7960 8011 13 by by IN 7960 8011 14 declaring declare VBG 7960 8011 15 it -PRON- PRP 7960 8011 16 agreeable agreeable JJ 7960 8011 17 to to IN 7960 8011 18 God God NNP 7960 8011 19 . . . 7960 8012 1 The the DT 7960 8012 2 Arabs Arabs NNPS 7960 8012 3 traded trade VBD 7960 8012 4 with with IN 7960 8012 5 India India NNP 7960 8012 6 , , , 7960 8012 7 China China NNP 7960 8012 8 , , , 7960 8012 9 the the DT 7960 8012 10 East East NNP 7960 8012 11 Indies Indies NNPS 7960 8012 12 ( ( -LRB- 7960 8012 13 Java Java NNP 7960 8012 14 and and CC 7960 8012 15 Sumatra Sumatra NNP 7960 8012 16 ) ) -RRB- 7960 8012 17 , , , 7960 8012 18 the the DT 7960 8012 19 interior interior NN 7960 8012 20 of of IN 7960 8012 21 Africa Africa NNP 7960 8012 22 , , , 7960 8012 23 Russia Russia NNP 7960 8012 24 , , , 7960 8012 25 and and CC 7960 8012 26 even even RB 7960 8012 27 with with IN 7960 8012 28 the the DT 7960 8012 29 Baltic baltic JJ 7960 8012 30 lands land NNS 7960 8012 31 . . . 7960 8013 1 Bagdad Bagdad NNP 7960 8013 2 , , , 7960 8013 3 which which WDT 7960 8013 4 commanded command VBD 7960 8013 5 both both DT 7960 8013 6 land land NN 7960 8013 7 and and CC 7960 8013 8 water water NN 7960 8013 9 routes route NNS 7960 8013 10 , , , 7960 8013 11 was be VBD 7960 8013 12 the the DT 7960 8013 13 chief chief JJ 7960 8013 14 center center NN 7960 8013 15 of of IN 7960 8013 16 this this DT 7960 8013 17 commerce commerce NN 7960 8013 18 , , , 7960 8013 19 but but CC 7960 8013 20 other other JJ 7960 8013 21 cities city NNS 7960 8013 22 of of IN 7960 8013 23 western western JJ 7960 8013 24 Asia Asia NNP 7960 8013 25 , , , 7960 8013 26 North North NNP 7960 8013 27 Africa Africa NNP 7960 8013 28 , , , 7960 8013 29 and and CC 7960 8013 30 Spain Spain NNP 7960 8013 31 shared share VBD 7960 8013 32 in in IN 7960 8013 33 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8013 34 advantages advantage NNS 7960 8013 35 . . . 7960 8014 1 The the DT 7960 8014 2 bazaar bazaar NN 7960 8014 3 , , , 7960 8014 4 or or CC 7960 8014 5 merchants merchant NNS 7960 8014 6 ' ' POS 7960 8014 7 quarter quarter NN 7960 8014 8 , , , 7960 8014 9 was be VBD 7960 8014 10 found find VBN 7960 8014 11 in in IN 7960 8014 12 every every DT 7960 8014 13 Moslem Moslem NNP 7960 8014 14 city city NN 7960 8014 15 . . . 7960 8015 1 GEOGRAPHICAL GEOGRAPHICAL NNS 7960 8015 2 KNOWLEDGE KNOWLEDGE VBD 7960 8015 3 The the DT 7960 8015 4 trade trade NN 7960 8015 5 of of IN 7960 8015 6 the the DT 7960 8015 7 Arabs Arabs NNPS 7960 8015 8 , , , 7960 8015 9 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8015 10 wide wide JJ 7960 8015 11 conquests conquest NNS 7960 8015 12 , , , 7960 8015 13 and and CC 7960 8015 14 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8015 15 religious religious JJ 7960 8015 16 pilgrimages pilgrimage NNS 7960 8015 17 to to IN 7960 8015 18 Mecca Mecca NNP 7960 8015 19 vastly vastly RB 7960 8015 20 increased increase VBD 7960 8015 21 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8015 22 knowledge knowledge NN 7960 8015 23 of of IN 7960 8015 24 the the DT 7960 8015 25 world world NN 7960 8015 26 . . . 7960 8016 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 8016 2 were be VBD 7960 8016 3 the the DT 7960 8016 4 best good JJS 7960 8016 5 geographers geographer NNS 7960 8016 6 of of IN 7960 8016 7 the the DT 7960 8016 8 Middle Middle NNP 7960 8016 9 Ages Ages NNPS 7960 8016 10 . . . 7960 8017 1 An an DT 7960 8017 2 Abbasid Abbasid NNP 7960 8017 3 caliph caliph NN 7960 8017 4 , , , 7960 8017 5 the the DT 7960 8017 6 son son NN 7960 8017 7 of of IN 7960 8017 8 Harun Harun NNP 7960 8017 9 - - HYPH 7960 8017 10 al al NNP 7960 8017 11 - - HYPH 7960 8017 12 Rashid Rashid NNP 7960 8017 13 , , , 7960 8017 14 had have VBD 7960 8017 15 the the DT 7960 8017 16 Greek Greek NNP 7960 8017 17 _ _ NNP 7960 8017 18 Geography Geography NNP 7960 8017 19 _ _ NNP 7960 8017 20 of of IN 7960 8017 21 Ptolemy Ptolemy NNP 7960 8017 22 [ [ -LRB- 7960 8017 23 25 25 CD 7960 8017 24 ] ] -RRB- 7960 8017 25 translated translate VBN 7960 8017 26 into into IN 7960 8017 27 Arabic Arabic NNP 7960 8017 28 and and CC 7960 8017 29 enriched enrich VBD 7960 8017 30 the the DT 7960 8017 31 work work NN 7960 8017 32 with with IN 7960 8017 33 illuminated illuminate VBN 7960 8017 34 maps map NNS 7960 8017 35 . . . 7960 8018 1 Arab arab JJ 7960 8018 2 scholars scholar NNS 7960 8018 3 compiled compile VBD 7960 8018 4 encyclopedias encyclopedia NNS 7960 8018 5 describing describe VBG 7960 8018 6 foreign foreign JJ 7960 8018 7 countries country NNS 7960 8018 8 and and CC 7960 8018 9 peoples people NNS 7960 8018 10 , , , 7960 8018 11 constructed construct VBD 7960 8018 12 celestial celestial JJ 7960 8018 13 spheres sphere NNS 7960 8018 14 , , , 7960 8018 15 and and CC 7960 8018 16 measured measure VBN 7960 8018 17 closely closely RB 7960 8018 18 the the DT 7960 8018 19 arc arc NN 7960 8018 20 of of IN 7960 8018 21 the the DT 7960 8018 22 meridian meridian NNP 7960 8018 23 in in IN 7960 8018 24 order order NN 7960 8018 25 to to TO 7960 8018 26 calculate calculate VB 7960 8018 27 the the DT 7960 8018 28 size size NN 7960 8018 29 of of IN 7960 8018 30 the the DT 7960 8018 31 earth earth NN 7960 8018 32 . . . 7960 8019 1 There there EX 7960 8019 2 is be VBZ 7960 8019 3 some some DT 7960 8019 4 reason reason NN 7960 8019 5 to to TO 7960 8019 6 believe believe VB 7960 8019 7 that that IN 7960 8019 8 the the DT 7960 8019 9 mariner mariner NNP 7960 8019 10 's 's POS 7960 8019 11 compass compass NN 7960 8019 12 was be VBD 7960 8019 13 first first RB 7960 8019 14 introduced introduce VBN 7960 8019 15 into into IN 7960 8019 16 Europe Europe NNP 7960 8019 17 by by IN 7960 8019 18 the the DT 7960 8019 19 Arabs Arabs NNPS 7960 8019 20 . . . 7960 8020 1 The the DT 7960 8020 2 geographical geographical JJ 7960 8020 3 knowledge knowledge NN 7960 8020 4 of of IN 7960 8020 5 Christian christian JJ 7960 8020 6 peoples people NNS 7960 8020 7 during during IN 7960 8020 8 the the DT 7960 8020 9 Middle Middle NNP 7960 8020 10 Ages Ages NNPS 7960 8020 11 owed owe VBD 7960 8020 12 much much JJ 7960 8020 13 , , , 7960 8020 14 indeed indeed RB 7960 8020 15 , , , 7960 8020 16 to to IN 7960 8020 17 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8020 18 Moslem Moslem NNP 7960 8020 19 forerunners forerunner NNS 7960 8020 20 . . . 7960 8021 1 EDUCATION EDUCATION NNP 7960 8021 2 Schools school NNS 7960 8021 3 and and CC 7960 8021 4 universities university NNS 7960 8021 5 flourished flourish VBD 7960 8021 6 in in IN 7960 8021 7 Moslem Moslem NNP 7960 8021 8 lands land VBZ 7960 8021 9 when when WRB 7960 8021 10 Christian Christian NNP 7960 8021 11 Europe Europe NNP 7960 8021 12 was be VBD 7960 8021 13 still still RB 7960 8021 14 in in IN 7960 8021 15 the the DT 7960 8021 16 " " `` 7960 8021 17 Dark Dark NNP 7960 8021 18 Ages Ages NNPS 7960 8021 19 . . . 7960 8021 20 " " '' 7960 8022 1 The the DT 7960 8022 2 largest large JJS 7960 8022 3 institution institution NN 7960 8022 4 of of IN 7960 8022 5 learning learning NN 7960 8022 6 was be VBD 7960 8022 7 at at IN 7960 8022 8 Cairo Cairo NNP 7960 8022 9 , , , 7960 8022 10 where where WRB 7960 8022 11 the the DT 7960 8022 12 lectures lecture NNS 7960 8022 13 of of IN 7960 8022 14 the the DT 7960 8022 15 professors professor NNS 7960 8022 16 were be VBD 7960 8022 17 attended attend VBN 7960 8022 18 by by IN 7960 8022 19 thousands thousand NNS 7960 8022 20 of of IN 7960 8022 21 students student NNS 7960 8022 22 . . . 7960 8023 1 Famous famous JJ 7960 8023 2 universities university NNS 7960 8023 3 also also RB 7960 8023 4 existed exist VBD 7960 8023 5 in in IN 7960 8023 6 Bagdad Bagdad NNP 7960 8023 7 and and CC 7960 8023 8 Cordova Cordova NNP 7960 8023 9 . . . 7960 8024 1 Moslem Moslem NNP 7960 8024 2 scholars scholar NNS 7960 8024 3 especially especially RB 7960 8024 4 delighted delight VBD 7960 8024 5 in in IN 7960 8024 6 the the DT 7960 8024 7 study study NN 7960 8024 8 of of IN 7960 8024 9 philosophy philosophy NN 7960 8024 10 . . . 7960 8025 1 Arabic arabic JJ 7960 8025 2 translations translation NNS 7960 8025 3 of of IN 7960 8025 4 Aristotle Aristotle NNP 7960 8025 5 's 's POS 7960 8025 6 [ [ -LRB- 7960 8025 7 26 26 CD 7960 8025 8 ] ] -RRB- 7960 8025 9 writings writing NNS 7960 8025 10 made make VBD 7960 8025 11 the the DT 7960 8025 12 ideas idea NNS 7960 8025 13 of of IN 7960 8025 14 that that DT 7960 8025 15 great great JJ 7960 8025 16 thinker thinker NN 7960 8025 17 familiar familiar JJ 7960 8025 18 to to IN 7960 8025 19 the the DT 7960 8025 20 students student NNS 7960 8025 21 of of IN 7960 8025 22 western western JJ 7960 8025 23 Europe Europe NNP 7960 8025 24 , , , 7960 8025 25 where where WRB 7960 8025 26 the the DT 7960 8025 27 knowledge knowledge NN 7960 8025 28 of of IN 7960 8025 29 Greek Greek NNP 7960 8025 30 had have VBD 7960 8025 31 all all RB 7960 8025 32 but but CC 7960 8025 33 died die VBD 7960 8025 34 out out RP 7960 8025 35 . . . 7960 8026 1 The the DT 7960 8026 2 Arabs Arabs NNPS 7960 8026 3 also also RB 7960 8026 4 formed form VBD 7960 8026 5 extensive extensive JJ 7960 8026 6 libraries library NNS 7960 8026 7 of of IN 7960 8026 8 many many JJ 7960 8026 9 thousands thousand NNS 7960 8026 10 of of IN 7960 8026 11 manuscripts manuscript NNS 7960 8026 12 , , , 7960 8026 13 all all DT 7960 8026 14 carefully carefully RB 7960 8026 15 arranged arrange VBN 7960 8026 16 and and CC 7960 8026 17 catalogued catalogue VBN 7960 8026 18 . . . 7960 8027 1 Their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8027 2 libraries library NNS 7960 8027 3 and and CC 7960 8027 4 universities university NNS 7960 8027 5 , , , 7960 8027 6 especially especially RB 7960 8027 7 in in IN 7960 8027 8 Spain Spain NNP 7960 8027 9 , , , 7960 8027 10 were be VBD 7960 8027 11 visited visit VBN 7960 8027 12 by by IN 7960 8027 13 many many JJ 7960 8027 14 Christians Christians NNPS 7960 8027 15 , , , 7960 8027 16 who who WP 7960 8027 17 thus thus RB 7960 8027 18 became become VBD 7960 8027 19 acquainted acquaint VBN 7960 8027 20 with with IN 7960 8027 21 Moslem Moslem NNP 7960 8027 22 learning learn VBG 7960 8027 23 and and CC 7960 8027 24 helped help VBD 7960 8027 25 to to TO 7960 8027 26 introduce introduce VB 7960 8027 27 it -PRON- PRP 7960 8027 28 into into IN 7960 8027 29 Europe Europe NNP 7960 8027 30 . . . 7960 8028 1 CHEMISTRY CHEMISTRY NNP 7960 8028 2 AND and CC 7960 8028 3 MEDICINE medicine NN 7960 8028 4 The the DT 7960 8028 5 Arabs Arabs NNPS 7960 8028 6 have have VBP 7960 8028 7 been be VBN 7960 8028 8 considered consider VBN 7960 8028 9 to to TO 7960 8028 10 be be VB 7960 8028 11 the the DT 7960 8028 12 founders founder NNS 7960 8028 13 of of IN 7960 8028 14 modern modern JJ 7960 8028 15 experimental experimental JJ 7960 8028 16 science science NN 7960 8028 17 . . . 7960 8029 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 8029 2 were be VBD 7960 8029 3 relatively relatively RB 7960 8029 4 skillful skillful JJ 7960 8029 5 chemists chemist NNS 7960 8029 6 , , , 7960 8029 7 for for IN 7960 8029 8 they -PRON- PRP 7960 8029 9 discovered discover VBD 7960 8029 10 a a DT 7960 8029 11 number number NN 7960 8029 12 of of IN 7960 8029 13 new new JJ 7960 8029 14 compounds compound NNS 7960 8029 15 ( ( -LRB- 7960 8029 16 such such JJ 7960 8029 17 as as IN 7960 8029 18 alcohol alcohol NN 7960 8029 19 , , , 7960 8029 20 aqua aqua NNP 7960 8029 21 regia regia NNP 7960 8029 22 , , , 7960 8029 23 nitric nitric JJ 7960 8029 24 acid acid NN 7960 8029 25 , , , 7960 8029 26 and and CC 7960 8029 27 corrosive corrosive JJ 7960 8029 28 sublimate sublimate NN 7960 8029 29 ) ) -RRB- 7960 8029 30 and and CC 7960 8029 31 understood understand VBD 7960 8029 32 the the DT 7960 8029 33 preparation preparation NN 7960 8029 34 of of IN 7960 8029 35 mercury mercury NN 7960 8029 36 and and CC 7960 8029 37 of of IN 7960 8029 38 various various JJ 7960 8029 39 oxides oxide NNS 7960 8029 40 of of IN 7960 8029 41 metals metal NNS 7960 8029 42 . . . 7960 8030 1 In in IN 7960 8030 2 medicine medicine NN 7960 8030 3 the the DT 7960 8030 4 Arabs Arabs NNPS 7960 8030 5 based base VBD 7960 8030 6 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8030 7 investigations investigation NNS 7960 8030 8 on on IN 7960 8030 9 those those DT 7960 8030 10 of of IN 7960 8030 11 the the DT 7960 8030 12 Greeks Greeks NNPS 7960 8030 13 , , , 7960 8030 14 [ [ -LRB- 7960 8030 15 27 27 CD 7960 8030 16 ] ] -RRB- 7960 8030 17 but but CC 7960 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8085 6 women woman NNS 7960 8085 7 are be VBP 7960 8085 8 secluded seclude VBN 7960 8085 9 in in IN 7960 8085 10 a a DT 7960 8085 11 separate separate JJ 7960 8085 12 part part NN 7960 8085 13 of of IN 7960 8085 14 the the DT 7960 8085 15 house house NN 7960 8085 16 , , , 7960 8085 17 called call VBD 7960 8085 18 the the DT 7960 8085 19 _ _ NNP 7960 8085 20 harem harem NN 7960 8085 21 _ _ NNP 7960 8085 22 . . . 7960 8086 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 8086 2 32 32 CD 7960 8086 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 8086 4 They -PRON- PRP 7960 8086 5 never never RB 7960 8086 6 appear appear VBP 7960 8086 7 in in IN 7960 8086 8 public public NN 7960 8086 9 , , , 7960 8086 10 except except IN 7960 8086 11 when when WRB 7960 8086 12 closely closely RB 7960 8086 13 veiled veil VBN 7960 8086 14 from from IN 7960 8086 15 the the DT 7960 8086 16 eyes eye NNS 7960 8086 17 of of IN 7960 8086 18 strangers stranger NNS 7960 8086 19 . . . 7960 8087 1 Their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8087 2 education education NN 7960 8087 3 is be VBZ 7960 8087 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IN 7960 8116 18 the the DT 7960 8116 19 battle battle NN 7960 8116 20 of of IN 7960 8116 21 Tours Tours NNPS 7960 8116 22 ? ? . 7960 8117 1 11 11 CD 7960 8117 2 . . . 7960 8118 1 Compare compare VB 7960 8118 2 the the DT 7960 8118 3 eastern eastern JJ 7960 8118 4 limits limit NNS 7960 8118 5 of of IN 7960 8118 6 the the DT 7960 8118 7 Arabian Arabian NNP 7960 8118 8 Empire Empire NNP 7960 8118 9 with with IN 7960 8118 10 those those DT 7960 8118 11 of of IN 7960 8118 12 Alexander Alexander NNP 7960 8118 13 's 's POS 7960 8118 14 empire empire NN 7960 8118 15 ( ( -LRB- 7960 8118 16 maps map NNS 7960 8118 17 facing face VBG 7960 8118 18 pages page NNS 7960 8118 19 124 124 CD 7960 8118 20 , , , 7960 8118 21 376 376 CD 7960 8118 22 ) ) -RRB- 7960 8118 23 . . . 7960 8119 1 12 12 CD 7960 8119 2 . . . 7960 8120 1 Show show VB 7960 8120 2 that that IN 7960 8120 3 the the DT 7960 8120 4 Arabian Arabian NNP 7960 8120 5 Empire Empire NNP 7960 8120 6 , , , 7960 8120 7 because because IN 7960 8120 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7960 8122 23 Mosul Mosul NNP 7960 8122 24 ; ; : 7960 8122 25 Kairwan Kairwan NNP 7960 8122 26 ; ; : 7960 8122 27 Fez Fez NNP 7960 8122 28 ; ; : 7960 8122 29 Seville Seville NNP 7960 8122 30 ; ; : 7960 8122 31 and and CC 7960 8122 32 Toledo Toledo NNP 7960 8122 33 . . . 7960 8123 1 14 14 CD 7960 8123 2 . . . 7960 8124 1 Can Can MD 7960 8124 2 you -PRON- PRP 7960 8124 3 suggest suggest VB 7960 8124 4 any any DT 7960 8124 5 reason reason NN 7960 8124 6 why why WRB 7960 8124 7 the the DT 7960 8124 8 Arabs Arabs NNPS 7960 8124 9 did do VBD 7960 8124 10 little little JJ 7960 8124 11 in in IN 7960 8124 12 painting painting NN 7960 8124 13 and and CC 7960 8124 14 sculpture sculpture NN 7960 8124 15 ? ? . 7960 8125 1 15 15 CD 7960 8125 2 . . . 7960 8126 1 What what WP 7960 8126 2 are be VBP 7960 8126 3 some some DT 7960 8126 4 of of IN 7960 8126 5 the the DT 7960 8126 6 best well RBS 7960 8126 7 - - HYPH 7960 8126 8 known know VBN 7960 8126 9 stories story NNS 7960 8126 10 in in IN 7960 8126 11 the the DT 7960 8126 12 _ _ NNP 7960 8126 13 Thousand Thousand NNP 7960 8126 14 and and CC 7960 8126 15 One One NNP 7960 8126 16 Nights Nights NNPS 7960 8126 17 _ _ NNP 7960 8126 18 ? ? . 7960 8127 1 16 16 CD 7960 8127 2 . . . 7960 8128 1 Discuss discuss VB 7960 8128 2 the the DT 7960 8128 3 justice justice NN 7960 8128 4 of of IN 7960 8128 5 this this DT 7960 8128 6 statement statement NN 7960 8128 7 : : : 7960 8128 8 " " `` 7960 8128 9 If if IN 7960 8128 10 our -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8128 11 ideas idea NNS 7960 8128 12 and and CC 7960 8128 13 our -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8128 14 arts art NNS 7960 8128 15 go go VBP 7960 8128 16 back back RB 7960 8128 17 to to IN 7960 8128 18 antiquity antiquity NN 7960 8128 19 , , , 7960 8128 20 all all PDT 7960 8128 21 the the DT 7960 8128 22 inventions invention NNS 7960 8128 23 which which WDT 7960 8128 24 make make VBP 7960 8128 25 life life NN 7960 8128 26 easy easy JJ 7960 8128 27 and and CC 7960 8128 28 agreeable agreeable JJ 7960 8128 29 come come VB 7960 8128 30 to to IN 7960 8128 31 us -PRON- PRP 7960 8128 32 from from IN 7960 8128 33 the the DT 7960 8128 34 Arabs Arabs NNPS 7960 8128 35 . . . 7960 8128 36 " " '' 7960 8129 1 17 17 CD 7960 8129 2 . . . 7960 8130 1 " " `` 7960 8130 2 From from IN 7960 8130 3 the the DT 7960 8130 4 eighth eighth JJ 7960 8130 5 to to IN 7960 8130 6 the the DT 7960 8130 7 twelfth twelfth JJ 7960 8130 8 century century NN 7960 8130 9 the the DT 7960 8130 10 world world NN 7960 8130 11 knew know VBD 7960 8130 12 but but CC 7960 8130 13 two two CD 7960 8130 14 civilizations civilization NNS 7960 8130 15 , , , 7960 8130 16 that that DT 7960 8130 17 of of IN 7960 8130 18 Byzantium Byzantium NNP 7960 8130 19 and and CC 7960 8130 20 that that DT 7960 8130 21 of of IN 7960 8130 22 the the DT 7960 8130 23 Arabs Arabs NNPS 7960 8130 24 . . . 7960 8130 25 " " '' 7960 8131 1 Comment comment NN 7960 8131 2 on on IN 7960 8131 3 this this DT 7960 8131 4 statement statement NN 7960 8131 5 . . . 7960 8132 1 18 18 CD 7960 8132 2 . . . 7960 8133 1 Show show VB 7960 8133 2 that that IN 7960 8133 3 Islam Islam NNP 7960 8133 4 was be VBD 7960 8133 5 an an DT 7960 8133 6 heir heir NN 7960 8133 7 to to IN 7960 8133 8 the the DT 7960 8133 9 Graeco Graeco NNP 7960 8133 10 - - HYPH 7960 8133 11 Oriental oriental JJ 7960 8133 12 civilization civilization NN 7960 8133 13 . . . 7960 8134 1 19 19 CD 7960 8134 2 . . . 7960 8135 1 Can Can MD 7960 8135 2 you -PRON- PRP 7960 8135 3 suggest suggest VB 7960 8135 4 any any DT 7960 8135 5 reasons reason NNS 7960 8135 6 why why WRB 7960 8135 7 Islam Islam NNP 7960 8135 8 to to IN 7960 8135 9 - - HYPH 7960 8135 10 day day NN 7960 8135 11 spreads spread NNS 7960 8135 12 among among IN 7960 8135 13 the the DT 7960 8135 14 African african JJ 7960 8135 15 negroes negro NNS 7960 8135 16 more more RBR 7960 8135 17 rapidly rapidly RB 7960 8135 18 than than IN 7960 8135 19 Christianity Christianity NNP 7960 8135 20 ? ? . 7960 8136 1 20 20 CD 7960 8136 2 . . . 7960 8137 1 How how WRB 7960 8137 2 does do VBZ 7960 8137 3 Islam Islam NNP 7960 8137 4 , , , 7960 8137 5 by by IN 7960 8137 6 sanctioning sanction VBG 7960 8137 7 polygamy polygamy NN 7960 8137 8 and and CC 7960 8137 9 slavery slavery NN 7960 8137 10 , , , 7960 8137 11 hinder hinder VB 7960 8137 12 the the DT 7960 8137 13 rise rise NN 7960 8137 14 of of IN 7960 8137 15 women woman NNS 7960 8137 16 and and CC 7960 8137 17 of of IN 7960 8137 18 the the DT 7960 8137 19 working work VBG 7960 8137 20 classes class NNS 7960 8137 21 ? ? . 7960 8138 1 FOOTNOTES FOOTNOTES NNP 7960 8138 2 [ [ -LRB- 7960 8138 3 1 1 CD 7960 8138 4 ] ] -RRB- 7960 8138 5 Webster Webster NNP 7960 8138 6 , , , 7960 8138 7 _ _ NNP 7960 8138 8 Readings Readings NNP 7960 8138 9 in in IN 7960 8138 10 Medieval Medieval NNP 7960 8138 11 and and CC 7960 8138 12 Modern Modern NNP 7960 8138 13 History History NNP 7960 8138 14 _ _ NNP 7960 8138 15 , , , 7960 8138 16 chapter chapter NN 7960 8138 17 vi vi NNP 7960 8138 18 , , , 7960 8138 19 " " `` 7960 8138 20 The the DT 7960 8138 21 Teachings teaching NNS 7960 8138 22 of of IN 7960 8138 23 Mohammed Mohammed NNP 7960 8138 24 . . . 7960 8138 25 " " '' 7960 8139 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 8139 2 2 2 LS 7960 8139 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 8139 4 The the DT 7960 8139 5 earlier early JJR 7960 8139 6 spelling spelling NN 7960 8139 7 was be VBD 7960 8139 8 Mahomet Mahomet NNP 7960 8139 9 . . . 7960 8140 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 8140 2 3 3 LS 7960 8140 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 8140 4 See see VB 7960 8140 5 page page NN 7960 8140 6 352 352 CD 7960 8140 7 . . . 7960 8141 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 8141 2 4 4 CD 7960 8141 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 8141 4 From from IN 7960 8141 5 the the DT 7960 8141 6 Arabic Arabic NNP 7960 8141 7 _ _ NNP 7960 8141 8 muslim muslim NNP 7960 8141 9 _ _ NNP 7960 8141 10 , , , 7960 8141 11 " " `` 7960 8141 12 one one NN 7960 8141 13 who who WP 7960 8141 14 surrenders surrender VBZ 7960 8141 15 himself -PRON- PRP 7960 8141 16 " " '' 7960 8141 17 ( ( -LRB- 7960 8141 18 to to IN 7960 8141 19 God God NNP 7960 8141 20 's 's POS 7960 8141 21 will will NN 7960 8141 22 ) ) -RRB- 7960 8141 23 . . . 7960 8142 1 During during IN 7960 8142 2 the the DT 7960 8142 3 Middle Middle NNP 7960 8142 4 Ages Ages NNP 7960 8142 5 the the DT 7960 8142 6 Moslems Moslems NNPS 7960 8142 7 to to IN 7960 8142 8 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8142 9 Christian christian JJ 7960 8142 10 enemies enemy NNS 7960 8142 11 were be VBD 7960 8142 12 commonly commonly RB 7960 8142 13 known know VBN 7960 8142 14 as as IN 7960 8142 15 Saracens Saracens NNP 7960 8142 16 , , , 7960 8142 17 a a DT 7960 8142 18 term term NN 7960 8142 19 which which WDT 7960 8142 20 is be VBZ 7960 8142 21 still still RB 7960 8142 22 in in IN 7960 8142 23 use use NN 7960 8142 24 . . . 7960 8143 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 8143 2 5 5 CD 7960 8143 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 8143 4 The the DT 7960 8143 5 year year NN 7960 8143 6 622 622 CD 7960 8143 7 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 8143 8 , , , 7960 8143 9 in in IN 7960 8143 10 which which WDT 7960 8143 11 the the DT 7960 8143 12 Hegira Hegira NNP 7960 8143 13 occurred occur VBD 7960 8143 14 , , , 7960 8143 15 marks mark VBZ 7960 8143 16 the the DT 7960 8143 17 beginning beginning NN 7960 8143 18 of of IN 7960 8143 19 the the DT 7960 8143 20 Mohammedan Mohammedan NNP 7960 8143 21 era era NN 7960 8143 22 . . . 7960 8144 1 The the DT 7960 8144 2 Christian christian JJ 7960 8144 3 year year NN 7960 8144 4 1917 1917 CD 7960 8144 5 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 8144 6 nearly nearly RB 7960 8144 7 corresponds correspond VBZ 7960 8144 8 to to IN 7960 8144 9 the the DT 7960 8144 10 Mohammedan Mohammedan NNP 7960 8144 11 year year NN 7960 8144 12 1336 1336 CD 7960 8144 13 A.H. A.H. NNP 7960 8144 14 ( ( -LRB- 7960 8144 15 _ _ NNP 7960 8144 16 Anno Anno NNP 7960 8144 17 Hegirae Hegirae NNP 7960 8144 18 _ _ NNP 7960 8144 19 ) ) -RRB- 7960 8144 20 . . . 7960 8145 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 8145 2 6 6 CD 7960 8145 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 8145 4 Feasting feast VBG 7960 8145 5 during during IN 7960 8145 6 the the DT 7960 8145 7 nights night NNS 7960 8145 8 of of IN 7960 8145 9 this this DT 7960 8145 10 month month NN 7960 8145 11 is be VBZ 7960 8145 12 allowable allowable JJ 7960 8145 13 . . . 7960 8146 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 8146 2 7 7 LS 7960 8146 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 8146 4 See see VB 7960 8146 5 page page NN 7960 8146 6 333 333 CD 7960 8146 7 . . . 7960 8147 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 8147 2 8 8 LS 7960 8147 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 8147 4 See see VB 7960 8147 5 page page NN 7960 8147 6 219 219 CD 7960 8147 7 , , , 7960 8147 8 332 332 CD 7960 8147 9 . . . 7960 8148 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 8148 2 9 9 CD 7960 8148 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 8148 4 See see VB 7960 8148 5 page page NN 7960 8148 6 54 54 CD 7960 8148 7 , , , 7960 8148 8 note note VB 7960 8148 9 1 1 CD 7960 8148 10 . . . 7960 8149 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 8149 2 10 10 CD 7960 8149 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 8149 4 See see VB 7960 8149 5 page page NN 7960 8149 6 330 330 CD 7960 8149 7 . . . 7960 8150 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 8150 2 11 11 CD 7960 8150 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 8150 4 See see VB 7960 8150 5 page page NN 7960 8150 6 245 245 CD 7960 8150 7 . . . 7960 8151 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 8151 2 12 12 CD 7960 8151 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 8151 4 Morocco Morocco NNP 7960 8151 5 , , , 7960 8151 6 Algeria Algeria NNP 7960 8151 7 , , , 7960 8151 8 and and CC 7960 8151 9 Tunis Tunis NNP 7960 8151 10 belong belong VBP 7960 8151 11 to to IN 7960 8151 12 France France NNP 7960 8151 13 ; ; : 7960 8151 14 Tripoli Tripoli NNP 7960 8151 15 , , , 7960 8151 16 to to IN 7960 8151 17 Italy Italy NNP 7960 8151 18 . . . 7960 8152 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 8152 2 13 13 CD 7960 8152 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 8152 4 Gibraltar Gibraltar NNP 7960 8152 5 = = SYM 7960 8152 6 _ _ NNP 7960 8152 7 Gibal Gibal NNP 7960 8152 8 al al NNP 7960 8152 9 Tarik Tarik NNP 7960 8152 10 _ _ NNP 7960 8152 11 , , , 7960 8152 12 " " '' 7960 8152 13 the the DT 7960 8152 14 mountain mountain NN 7960 8152 15 of of IN 7960 8152 16 Tarik Tarik NNP 7960 8152 17 . . . 7960 8152 18 " " '' 7960 8153 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 8153 2 14 14 CD 7960 8153 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 8153 4 See see VB 7960 8153 5 pages page NNS 7960 8153 6 244 244 CD 7960 8153 7 - - SYM 7960 8153 8 245 245 CD 7960 8153 9 . . . 7960 8154 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 8154 2 15 15 CD 7960 8154 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 8154 4 See see VB 7960 8154 5 page page NN 7960 8154 6 306 306 CD 7960 8154 7 . . . 7960 8155 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 8155 2 16 16 CD 7960 8155 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 8155 4 For for IN 7960 8155 5 Charlemagne Charlemagne NNP 7960 8155 6 's 's POS 7960 8155 7 Spanish spanish JJ 7960 8155 8 conquests conquest NNS 7960 8155 9 , , , 7960 8155 10 see see VB 7960 8155 11 page page NN 7960 8155 12 309 309 CD 7960 8155 13 . . . 7960 8156 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 8156 2 17 17 CD 7960 8156 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 8156 4 So so RB 7960 8156 5 called call VBN 7960 8156 6 from from IN 7960 8156 7 a a DT 7960 8156 8 leading lead VBG 7960 8156 9 family family NN 7960 8156 10 of of IN 7960 8156 11 Mecca Mecca NNP 7960 8156 12 , , , 7960 8156 13 to to TO 7960 8156 14 which which WDT 7960 8156 15 Moawiya Moawiya NNP 7960 8156 16 belonged belong VBD 7960 8156 17 . . . 7960 8157 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 8157 2 18 18 CD 7960 8157 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 8157 4 So so RB 7960 8157 5 called call VBN 7960 8157 6 from from IN 7960 8157 7 Abbas Abbas NNP 7960 8157 8 , , , 7960 8157 9 an an DT 7960 8157 10 uncle uncle NN 7960 8157 11 of of IN 7960 8157 12 Mohammed Mohammed NNP 7960 8157 13 . . . 7960 8158 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 8158 2 19 19 CD 7960 8158 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 8158 4 This this DT 7960 8158 5 was be VBD 7960 8158 6 at at IN 7960 8158 7 first first RB 7960 8158 8 known know VBN 7960 8158 9 as as IN 7960 8158 10 the the DT 7960 8158 11 emirate emirate NN 7960 8158 12 of of IN 7960 8158 13 Cordova Cordova NNP 7960 8158 14 , , , 7960 8158 15 but but CC 7960 8158 16 in in IN 7960 8158 17 929 929 CD 7960 8158 18 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 8158 19 it -PRON- PRP 7960 8158 20 became become VBD 7960 8158 21 the the DT 7960 8158 22 caliphate caliphate NN 7960 8158 23 of of IN 7960 8158 24 Cordova Cordova NNP 7960 8158 25 . . . 7960 8159 1 See see VB 7960 8159 2 the the DT 7960 8159 3 map map NN 7960 8159 4 facing face VBG 7960 8159 5 page page NN 7960 8159 6 308 308 CD 7960 8159 7 . . . 7960 8160 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 8160 2 20 20 CD 7960 8160 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 8160 4 See see VB 7960 8160 5 page page NN 7960 8160 6 333 333 CD 7960 8160 7 . . . 7960 8161 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 8161 2 21 21 CD 7960 8161 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 8161 4 See see VB 7960 8161 5 page page NN 7960 8161 6 485 485 CD 7960 8161 7 . . . 7960 8162 1 Descendants descendant NNS 7960 8162 2 of of IN 7960 8162 3 the the DT 7960 8162 4 Abbasids Abbasids NNP 7960 8162 5 subsequently subsequently RB 7960 8162 6 took take VBD 7960 8162 7 up up RP 7960 8162 8 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8162 9 abode abode NN 7960 8162 10 in in IN 7960 8162 11 Egypt Egypt NNP 7960 8162 12 . . . 7960 8163 1 Through through IN 7960 8163 2 them -PRON- PRP 7960 8163 3 the the DT 7960 8163 4 claim claim NN 7960 8163 5 to to IN 7960 8163 6 the the DT 7960 8163 7 caliphate caliphate NN 7960 8163 8 passed pass VBN 7960 8163 9 in in IN 7960 8163 10 1538 1538 CD 7960 8163 11 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 8163 12 to to IN 7960 8163 13 the the DT 7960 8163 14 Ottoman Ottoman NNP 7960 8163 15 Turks Turks NNPS 7960 8163 16 . . . 7960 8164 1 The the DT 7960 8164 2 Sultan Sultan NNP 7960 8164 3 at at IN 7960 8164 4 Constantinople Constantinople NNP 7960 8164 5 still still RB 7960 8164 6 calls call VBZ 7960 8164 7 himself -PRON- PRP 7960 8164 8 caliph caliph NNS 7960 8164 9 of of IN 7960 8164 10 the the DT 7960 8164 11 Moslem Moslem NNP 7960 8164 12 world world NN 7960 8164 13 . . . 7960 8165 1 However however RB 7960 8165 2 , , , 7960 8165 3 in in IN 7960 8165 4 1916 1916 CD 7960 8165 5 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 8165 6 the the DT 7960 8165 7 Grand Grand NNP 7960 8165 8 Sherif Sherif NNP 7960 8165 9 of of IN 7960 8165 10 Mecca Mecca NNP 7960 8165 11 , , , 7960 8165 12 a a DT 7960 8165 13 descendant descendant NN 7960 8165 14 of of IN 7960 8165 15 Mohammed Mohammed NNP 7960 8165 16 , , , 7960 8165 17 led lead VBD 7960 8165 18 a a DT 7960 8165 19 revolt revolt NN 7960 8165 20 against against IN 7960 8165 21 the the DT 7960 8165 22 Turks Turks NNPS 7960 8165 23 , , , 7960 8165 24 captured capture VBD 7960 8165 25 Mecca Mecca NNP 7960 8165 26 and and CC 7960 8165 27 Medina Medina NNP 7960 8165 28 , , , 7960 8165 29 and and CC 7960 8165 30 proclaimed proclaim VBD 7960 8165 31 Arab arab JJ 7960 8165 32 independence independence NN 7960 8165 33 . . . 7960 8166 1 Should Should MD 7960 8166 2 the the DT 7960 8166 3 European european JJ 7960 8166 4 war war NN 7960 8166 5 end end NN 7960 8166 6 in in IN 7960 8166 7 favor favor NN 7960 8166 8 of of IN 7960 8166 9 the the DT 7960 8166 10 Allies Allies NNPS 7960 8166 11 , , , 7960 8166 12 the the DT 7960 8166 13 caliphate caliphate NN 7960 8166 14 will will MD 7960 8166 15 undoubtedly undoubtedly RB 7960 8166 16 go go VB 7960 8166 17 back back RB 7960 8166 18 to to IN 7960 8166 19 the the DT 7960 8166 20 Arabs Arabs NNPS 7960 8166 21 . . . 7960 8167 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 8167 2 22 22 CD 7960 8167 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 8167 4 Popularly Popularly NNP 7960 8167 5 called call VBN 7960 8167 6 the the DT 7960 8167 7 _ _ NNP 7960 8167 8 Arabian Arabian NNP 7960 8167 9 Nights Nights NNPS 7960 8167 10 _ _ NNP 7960 8167 11 . . . 7960 8168 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 8168 2 23 23 CD 7960 8168 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 8168 4 See see VB 7960 8168 5 page page NN 7960 8168 6 126 126 CD 7960 8168 7 . . . 7960 8169 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 8169 2 24 24 CD 7960 8169 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 8169 4 The the DT 7960 8169 5 European european JJ 7960 8169 6 names name NNS 7960 8169 7 of of IN 7960 8169 8 some some DT 7960 8169 9 common common JJ 7960 8169 10 articles article NNS 7960 8169 11 reveal reveal VBP 7960 8169 12 the the DT 7960 8169 13 Arabic arabic JJ 7960 8169 14 sources source NNS 7960 8169 15 from from IN 7960 8169 16 which which WDT 7960 8169 17 they -PRON- PRP 7960 8169 18 were be VBD 7960 8169 19 first first RB 7960 8169 20 derived derive VBN 7960 8169 21 . . . 7960 8170 1 Thus thus RB 7960 8170 2 , , , 7960 8170 3 _ _ NNP 7960 8170 4 damask damask NN 7960 8170 5 _ _ NNP 7960 8170 6 comes come VBZ 7960 8170 7 from from IN 7960 8170 8 Damascus Damascus NNP 7960 8170 9 , , , 7960 8170 10 _ _ NNP 7960 8170 11 muslin muslin NNP 7960 8170 12 _ _ NNP 7960 8170 13 from from IN 7960 8170 14 Mosul Mosul NNP 7960 8170 15 , , , 7960 8170 16 _ _ NNP 7960 8170 17 gauze gauze NN 7960 8170 18 _ _ NNP 7960 8170 19 from from IN 7960 8170 20 Gaza Gaza NNP 7960 8170 21 , , , 7960 8170 22 _ _ NNP 7960 8170 23 cordovan cordovan NNP 7960 8170 24 _ _ NNP 7960 8170 25 ( ( -LRB- 7960 8170 26 a a DT 7960 8170 27 kind kind NN 7960 8170 28 of of IN 7960 8170 29 leather leather NN 7960 8170 30 ) ) -RRB- 7960 8170 31 from from IN 7960 8170 32 Cordova Cordova NNP 7960 8170 33 , , , 7960 8170 34 and and CC 7960 8170 35 _ _ NNP 7960 8170 36 morocco morocco NNP 7960 8170 37 _ _ NNP 7960 8170 38 leather leather NN 7960 8170 39 from from IN 7960 8170 40 North North NNP 7960 8170 41 Africa Africa NNP 7960 8170 42 . . . 7960 8171 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 8171 2 25 25 CD 7960 8171 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 8171 4 See see VB 7960 8171 5 page page NN 7960 8171 6 133 133 CD 7960 8171 7 . . . 7960 8172 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 8172 2 26 26 CD 7960 8172 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 8172 4 See see VB 7960 8172 5 page page NN 7960 8172 6 275 275 CD 7960 8172 7 . . . 7960 8173 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 8173 2 27 27 CD 7960 8173 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 8173 4 See see VB 7960 8173 5 page page NN 7960 8173 6 131 131 CD 7960 8173 7 . . . 7960 8174 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 8174 2 28 28 CD 7960 8174 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 8174 4 Many many JJ 7960 8174 5 words word NNS 7960 8174 6 in in IN 7960 8174 7 European european JJ 7960 8174 8 languages language NNS 7960 8174 9 beginning begin VBG 7960 8174 10 with with IN 7960 8174 11 the the DT 7960 8174 12 prefix prefix NN 7960 8174 13 _ _ NNP 7960 8174 14 al al NNP 7960 8174 15 _ _ NNP 7960 8174 16 ( ( -LRB- 7960 8174 17 the the DT 7960 8174 18 definite definite JJ 7960 8174 19 article article NN 7960 8174 20 in in IN 7960 8174 21 Arabic Arabic NNP 7960 8174 22 ) ) -RRB- 7960 8174 23 show show VBP 7960 8174 24 how how WRB 7960 8174 25 indebted indebted JJ 7960 8174 26 was be VBD 7960 8174 27 Europe Europe NNP 7960 8174 28 to to IN 7960 8174 29 the the DT 7960 8174 30 Arabs Arabs NNPS 7960 8174 31 for for IN 7960 8174 32 scientific scientific JJ 7960 8174 33 knowledge knowledge NN 7960 8174 34 . . . 7960 8175 1 In in IN 7960 8175 2 English English NNP 7960 8175 3 these these DT 7960 8175 4 words word NNS 7960 8175 5 include include VBP 7960 8175 6 _ _ NNP 7960 8175 7 alchemy alchemy NN 7960 8175 8 _ _ NNP 7960 8175 9 ( ( -LRB- 7960 8175 10 whence whence NN 7960 8175 11 _ _ NNP 7960 8175 12 chemistry chemistry NN 7960 8175 13 _ _ NNP 7960 8175 14 ) ) -RRB- 7960 8175 15 , , , 7960 8175 16 _ _ NNP 7960 8175 17 alcohol alcohol NN 7960 8175 18 _ _ NNP 7960 8175 19 , , , 7960 8175 20 _ _ NNP 7960 8175 21 alembic alembic NN 7960 8175 22 _ _ NNP 7960 8175 23 , , , 7960 8175 24 _ _ NNP 7960 8175 25 algebra algebra NN 7960 8175 26 _ _ NNP 7960 8175 27 , , , 7960 8175 28 _ _ NNP 7960 8175 29 alkali alkali JJ 7960 8175 30 _ _ NNP 7960 8175 31 , , , 7960 8175 32 _ _ NNP 7960 8175 33 almanac almanac NN 7960 8175 34 _ _ NNP 7960 8175 35 , , , 7960 8175 36 _ _ NNP 7960 8175 37 Aldebaran Aldebaran NNP 7960 8175 38 _ _ NNP 7960 8175 39 ( ( -LRB- 7960 8175 40 the the DT 7960 8175 41 star star NN 7960 8175 42 ) ) -RRB- 7960 8175 43 , , , 7960 8175 44 etc etc FW 7960 8175 45 . . . 7960 8176 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 8176 2 29 29 CD 7960 8176 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 8176 4 The the DT 7960 8176 5 translation translation NN 7960 8176 6 of of IN 7960 8176 7 the the DT 7960 8176 8 _ _ NNP 7960 8176 9 Rubáiyát Rubáiyát NNP 7960 8176 10 _ _ NNP 7960 8176 11 by by IN 7960 8176 12 Edward Edward NNP 7960 8176 13 Fitzgerald Fitzgerald NNP 7960 8176 14 is be VBZ 7960 8176 15 almost almost RB 7960 8176 16 an an DT 7960 8176 17 English english JJ 7960 8176 18 classic classic NN 7960 8176 19 . . . 7960 8177 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 8177 2 30 30 CD 7960 8177 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 8177 4 See see VB 7960 8177 5 page page NN 7960 8177 6 564 564 CD 7960 8177 7 . . . 7960 8178 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 8178 2 31 31 CD 7960 8178 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 8178 4 See see VB 7960 8178 5 the the DT 7960 8178 6 illustration illustration NN 7960 8178 7 , , , 7960 8178 8 page page NN 7960 8178 9 471 471 CD 7960 8178 10 . . . 7960 8179 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 8179 2 32 32 CD 7960 8179 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 8179 4 The the DT 7960 8179 5 Athenians Athenians NNPS 7960 8179 6 had have VBD 7960 8179 7 a a DT 7960 8179 8 similar similar JJ 7960 8179 9 practice practice NN 7960 8179 10 . . . 7960 8180 1 See see VB 7960 8180 2 page page NN 7960 8180 3 257 257 CD 7960 8180 4 . . . 7960 8181 1 CHAPTER CHAPTER NNP 7960 8181 2 XVII XVII NNP 7960 8181 3 THE the DT 7960 8181 4 NORTHMEN NORTHMEN NNP 7960 8181 5 AND and CC 7960 8181 6 THE the DT 7960 8181 7 NORMANS norman NNS 7960 8181 8 TO to IN 7960 8181 9 1066 1066 CD 7960 8181 10 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 8181 11 [ [ -LRB- 7960 8181 12 1 1 CD 7960 8181 13 ] ] -RRB- 7960 8181 14 138 138 CD 7960 8181 15 . . . 7960 8182 1 SCANDINAVIA SCANDINAVIA NNS 7960 8182 2 AND and CC 7960 8182 3 THE the DT 7960 8182 4 NORTHMEN NORTHMEN NNP 7960 8182 5 A a DT 7960 8182 6 NEW new JJ 7960 8182 7 SERIES serie NNS 7960 8182 8 OF of IN 7960 8182 9 MIGRATIONS migrations NN 7960 8182 10 From from IN 7960 8182 11 the the DT 7960 8182 12 East East NNP 7960 8182 13 we -PRON- PRP 7960 8182 14 return return VBP 7960 8182 15 once once RB 7960 8182 16 more more RBR 7960 8182 17 to to IN 7960 8182 18 the the DT 7960 8182 19 West West NNP 7960 8182 20 , , , 7960 8182 21 from from IN 7960 8182 22 Asia Asia NNP 7960 8182 23 to to IN 7960 8182 24 Europe Europe NNP 7960 8182 25 , , , 7960 8182 26 from from IN 7960 8182 27 Arabia Arabia NNP 7960 8182 28 to to IN 7960 8182 29 Scandinavia Scandinavia NNP 7960 8182 30 . . . 7960 8183 1 We -PRON- PRP 7960 8183 2 have have VBP 7960 8183 3 now now RB 7960 8183 4 to to TO 7960 8183 5 deal deal VB 7960 8183 6 with with IN 7960 8183 7 the the DT 7960 8183 8 raids raid NNS 7960 8183 9 and and CC 7960 8183 10 settlements settlement NNS 7960 8183 11 of of IN 7960 8183 12 the the DT 7960 8183 13 Norsemen Norsemen NNP 7960 8183 14 or or CC 7960 8183 15 Northmen Northmen NNP 7960 8183 16 . . . 7960 8184 1 Like like IN 7960 8184 2 the the DT 7960 8184 3 Arabs Arabs NNPS 7960 8184 4 the the DT 7960 8184 5 Northmen Northmen NNP 7960 8184 6 quitted quit VBD 7960 8184 7 a a DT 7960 8184 8 sterile sterile JJ 7960 8184 9 peninsula peninsula NN 7960 8184 10 and and CC 7960 8184 11 went go VBD 7960 8184 12 forth forth RB 7960 8184 13 to to TO 7960 8184 14 find find VB 7960 8184 15 better well JJR 7960 8184 16 homes home NNS 7960 8184 17 in in IN 7960 8184 18 distant distant JJ 7960 8184 19 lands land NNS 7960 8184 20 . . . 7960 8185 1 Their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8185 2 invasions invasion NNS 7960 8185 3 , , , 7960 8185 4 beginning begin VBG 7960 8185 5 toward toward IN 7960 8185 6 the the DT 7960 8185 7 close close NN 7960 8185 8 of of IN 7960 8185 9 the the DT 7960 8185 10 eighth eighth JJ 7960 8185 11 century century NN 7960 8185 12 , , , 7960 8185 13 lasted last VBD 7960 8185 14 about about IN 7960 8185 15 three three CD 7960 8185 16 hundred hundred CD 7960 8185 17 years year NNS 7960 8185 18 . . . 7960 8186 1 A a DT 7960 8186 2 TEUTONIC TEUTONIC NNP 7960 8186 3 MOVEMENT MOVEMENT NNP 7960 8186 4 The the DT 7960 8186 5 Northmen Northmen NNP 7960 8186 6 belonged belong VBD 7960 8186 7 to to IN 7960 8186 8 the the DT 7960 8186 9 Teutonic Teutonic NNP 7960 8186 10 family family NN 7960 8186 11 of of IN 7960 8186 12 peoples people NNS 7960 8186 13 . . . 7960 8187 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 8187 2 were be VBD 7960 8187 3 kinsmen kinsman NNS 7960 8187 4 of of IN 7960 8187 5 the the DT 7960 8187 6 Germans Germans NNPS 7960 8187 7 , , , 7960 8187 8 the the DT 7960 8187 9 Anglo Anglo NNP 7960 8187 10 - - HYPH 7960 8187 11 Saxons Saxons NNPS 7960 8187 12 , , , 7960 8187 13 and and CC 7960 8187 14 the the DT 7960 8187 15 Dutch Dutch NNPS 7960 8187 16 . . . 7960 8188 1 Their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8188 2 migrations migration NNS 7960 8188 3 may may MD 7960 8188 4 be be VB 7960 8188 5 regarded regard VBN 7960 8188 6 , , , 7960 8188 7 therefore therefore RB 7960 8188 8 , , , 7960 8188 9 as as IN 7960 8188 10 the the DT 7960 8188 11 last last JJ 7960 8188 12 wave wave NN 7960 8188 13 of of IN 7960 8188 14 that that DT 7960 8188 15 great great JJ 7960 8188 16 Teutonic teutonic JJ 7960 8188 17 movement movement NN 7960 8188 18 which which WDT 7960 8188 19 in in IN 7960 8188 20 earlier early JJR 7960 8188 21 times time NNS 7960 8188 22 had have VBD 7960 8188 23 inundated inundate VBN 7960 8188 24 western western JJ 7960 8188 25 Europe Europe NNP 7960 8188 26 and and CC 7960 8188 27 overwhelmed overwhelm VBD 7960 8188 28 the the DT 7960 8188 29 Roman Roman NNP 7960 8188 30 Empire Empire NNP 7960 8188 31 . . . 7960 8189 1 SCANDINAVIA SCANDINAVIA NNP 7960 8189 2 The the DT 7960 8189 3 Northmen Northmen NNP 7960 8189 4 lived live VBD 7960 8189 5 , , , 7960 8189 6 as as IN 7960 8189 7 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8189 8 descendants descendant NNS 7960 8189 9 still still RB 7960 8189 10 live live VBP 7960 8189 11 , , , 7960 8189 12 in in IN 7960 8189 13 Denmark Denmark NNP 7960 8189 14 , , , 7960 8189 15 Sweden Sweden NNP 7960 8189 16 , , , 7960 8189 17 and and CC 7960 8189 18 Norway Norway NNP 7960 8189 19 . . . 7960 8190 1 The the DT 7960 8190 2 name name NN 7960 8190 3 Scandinavia Scandinavia NNP 7960 8190 4 is be VBZ 7960 8190 5 sometimes sometimes RB 7960 8190 6 applied apply VBN 7960 8190 7 to to IN 7960 8190 8 all all DT 7960 8190 9 three three CD 7960 8190 10 countries country NNS 7960 8190 11 , , , 7960 8190 12 but but CC 7960 8190 13 more more RBR 7960 8190 14 commonly commonly RB 7960 8190 15 it -PRON- PRP 7960 8190 16 is be VBZ 7960 8190 17 restricted restrict VBN 7960 8190 18 to to IN 7960 8190 19 the the DT 7960 8190 20 peninsula peninsula NN 7960 8190 21 comprising comprise VBG 7960 8190 22 Sweden Sweden NNP 7960 8190 23 and and CC 7960 8190 24 Norway Norway NNP 7960 8190 25 . . . 7960 8191 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 8191 2 Illustration illustration NN 7960 8191 3 : : : 7960 8191 4 SWEDISH swedish JJ 7960 8191 5 ROCK rock NN 7960 8191 6 CARVING carving NN 7960 8191 7 Shows show VBZ 7960 8191 8 a a DT 7960 8191 9 man man NN 7960 8191 10 plowing plow VBG 7960 8191 11 . . . 7960 8191 12 ] ] -RRB- 7960 8192 1 SWEDEN SWEDEN NNP 7960 8192 2 Sweden Sweden NNP 7960 8192 3 , , , 7960 8192 4 with with IN 7960 8192 5 the the DT 7960 8192 6 exception exception NN 7960 8192 7 of of IN 7960 8192 8 the the DT 7960 8192 9 northern northern JJ 7960 8192 10 highlands highland NNS 7960 8192 11 , , , 7960 8192 12 is be VBZ 7960 8192 13 mostly mostly RB 7960 8192 14 a a DT 7960 8192 15 level level NN 7960 8192 16 region region NN 7960 8192 17 , , , 7960 8192 18 watered water VBN 7960 8192 19 by by IN 7960 8192 20 copious copious JJ 7960 8192 21 streams stream NNS 7960 8192 22 , , , 7960 8192 23 dotted dot VBN 7960 8192 24 with with IN 7960 8192 25 many many JJ 7960 8192 26 lakes lake NNS 7960 8192 27 , , , 7960 8192 28 and and CC 7960 8192 29 sinking sink VBG 7960 8192 30 down down RP 7960 8192 31 gradually gradually RB 7960 8192 32 to to IN 7960 8192 33 the the DT 7960 8192 34 Baltic Baltic NNP 7960 8192 35 Sea Sea NNP 7960 8192 36 and and CC 7960 8192 37 the the DT 7960 8192 38 Gulf Gulf NNP 7960 8192 39 of of IN 7960 8192 40 Bothnia Bothnia NNP 7960 8192 41 . . . 7960 8193 1 The the DT 7960 8193 2 fact fact NN 7960 8193 3 that that IN 7960 8193 4 Sweden Sweden NNP 7960 8193 5 faces face VBZ 7960 8193 6 these these DT 7960 8193 7 inland inland JJ 7960 8193 8 waters water NNS 7960 8193 9 determined determine VBD 7960 8193 10 the the DT 7960 8193 11 course course NN 7960 8193 12 of of IN 7960 8193 13 her -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8193 14 development development NN 7960 8193 15 as as IN 7960 8193 16 a a DT 7960 8193 17 nation nation NN 7960 8193 18 . . . 7960 8194 1 She -PRON- PRP 7960 8194 2 never never RB 7960 8194 3 has have VBZ 7960 8194 4 had have VBN 7960 8194 5 any any DT 7960 8194 6 aspirations aspiration NNS 7960 8194 7 to to TO 7960 8194 8 become become VB 7960 8194 9 a a DT 7960 8194 10 great great JJ 7960 8194 11 oceanic oceanic JJ 7960 8194 12 power power NN 7960 8194 13 . . . 7960 8195 1 Her -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8195 2 whole whole JJ 7960 8195 3 historic historic JJ 7960 8195 4 life life NN 7960 8195 5 has have VBZ 7960 8195 6 centered center VBN 7960 8195 7 about about IN 7960 8195 8 the the DT 7960 8195 9 Baltic Baltic NNP 7960 8195 10 . . . 7960 8196 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 8196 2 Illustration illustration NN 7960 8196 3 : : : 7960 8196 4 A A NNP 7960 8196 5 RUNIC RUNIC NNP 7960 8196 6 STONE STONE NNP 7960 8196 7 A a DT 7960 8196 8 stone stone NN 7960 8196 9 , , , 7960 8196 10 twelve twelve CD 7960 8196 11 feet foot NNS 7960 8196 12 high high JJ 7960 8196 13 and and CC 7960 8196 14 six six CD 7960 8196 15 feet foot NNS 7960 8196 16 wide wide JJ 7960 8196 17 , , , 7960 8196 18 in in IN 7960 8196 19 the the DT 7960 8196 20 churchyard churchyard NN 7960 8196 21 of of IN 7960 8196 22 Rok Rok NNP 7960 8196 23 , , , 7960 8196 24 Ostergotland Ostergotland NNP 7960 8196 25 , , , 7960 8196 26 Sweden Sweden NNP 7960 8196 27 . . . 7960 8197 1 The the DT 7960 8197 2 runic runic JJ 7960 8197 3 inscription inscription NN 7960 8197 4 , , , 7960 8197 5 which which WDT 7960 8197 6 contains contain VBZ 7960 8197 7 more more JJR 7960 8197 8 than than IN 7960 8197 9 760 760 CD 7960 8197 10 letters letter NNS 7960 8197 11 , , , 7960 8197 12 is be VBZ 7960 8197 13 the the DT 7960 8197 14 longest long RBS 7960 8197 15 known know VBN 7960 8197 16 . . . 7960 8197 17 ] ] -RRB- 7960 8198 1 NORWAY NORWAY NNP 7960 8198 2 Norway Norway NNP 7960 8198 3 , , , 7960 8198 4 in in IN 7960 8198 5 contrast contrast NN 7960 8198 6 to to IN 7960 8198 7 Sweden Sweden NNP 7960 8198 8 , , , 7960 8198 9 faces face VBZ 7960 8198 10 the the DT 7960 8198 11 Atlantic Atlantic NNP 7960 8198 12 . . . 7960 8199 1 The the DT 7960 8199 2 country country NN 7960 8199 3 is be VBZ 7960 8199 4 little little RB 7960 8199 5 more more JJR 7960 8199 6 than than IN 7960 8199 7 a a DT 7960 8199 8 strip strip NN 7960 8199 9 of of IN 7960 8199 10 rugged rugged JJ 7960 8199 11 seacoast seacoast NN 7960 8199 12 reaching reach VBG 7960 8199 13 northward northward RB 7960 8199 14 to to IN 7960 8199 15 well well RB 7960 8199 16 within within IN 7960 8199 17 the the DT 7960 8199 18 Arctic Arctic NNP 7960 8199 19 Circle Circle NNP 7960 8199 20 . . . 7960 8200 1 Were be VBD 7960 8200 2 it -PRON- PRP 7960 8200 3 not not RB 7960 8200 4 for for IN 7960 8200 5 the the DT 7960 8200 6 influence influence NN 7960 8200 7 of of IN 7960 8200 8 the the DT 7960 8200 9 " " `` 7960 8200 10 Gulf Gulf NNP 7960 8200 11 Stream Stream NNP 7960 8200 12 drift drift NN 7960 8200 13 , , , 7960 8200 14 " " '' 7960 8200 15 much much JJ 7960 8200 16 of of IN 7960 8200 17 Norway Norway NNP 7960 8200 18 would would MD 7960 8200 19 be be VB 7960 8200 20 a a DT 7960 8200 21 frozen frozen JJ 7960 8200 22 waste waste NN 7960 8200 23 for for IN 7960 8200 24 the the DT 7960 8200 25 greater great JJR 7960 8200 26 part part NN 7960 8200 27 of of IN 7960 8200 28 the the DT 7960 8200 29 year year NN 7960 8200 30 . . . 7960 8201 1 Vast vast JJ 7960 8201 2 forests forest NNS 7960 8201 3 of of IN 7960 8201 4 fir fir NN 7960 8201 5 , , , 7960 8201 6 pine pine NN 7960 8201 7 , , , 7960 8201 8 and and CC 7960 8201 9 birch birch NNP 7960 8201 10 still still RB 7960 8201 11 cover cover VBP 7960 8201 12 the the DT 7960 8201 13 greater great JJR 7960 8201 14 part part NN 7960 8201 15 of of IN 7960 8201 16 the the DT 7960 8201 17 country country NN 7960 8201 18 , , , 7960 8201 19 and and CC 7960 8201 20 the the DT 7960 8201 21 land land NN 7960 8201 22 which which WDT 7960 8201 23 can can MD 7960 8201 24 be be VB 7960 8201 25 used use VBN 7960 8201 26 for for IN 7960 8201 27 farming farming NN 7960 8201 28 and and CC 7960 8201 29 grazing grazing NN 7960 8201 30 does do VBZ 7960 8201 31 not not RB 7960 8201 32 exceed exceed VB 7960 8201 33 eleven eleven CD 7960 8201 34 per per IN 7960 8201 35 cent cent NN 7960 8201 36 of of IN 7960 8201 37 the the DT 7960 8201 38 entire entire JJ 7960 8201 39 area area NN 7960 8201 40 . . . 7960 8202 1 But but CC 7960 8202 2 Norway Norway NNP 7960 8202 3 , , , 7960 8202 4 like like IN 7960 8202 5 Greece Greece NNP 7960 8202 6 , , , 7960 8202 7 [ [ -LRB- 7960 8202 8 2 2 CD 7960 8202 9 ] ] -RRB- 7960 8202 10 has have VBZ 7960 8202 11 an an DT 7960 8202 12 extent extent NN 7960 8202 13 of of IN 7960 8202 14 shore shore NN 7960 8202 15 - - HYPH 7960 8202 16 line line NN 7960 8202 17 out out IN 7960 8202 18 of of IN 7960 8202 19 all all DT 7960 8202 20 proportion proportion NN 7960 8202 21 to to IN 7960 8202 22 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8202 23 superficial superficial JJ 7960 8202 24 area area NN 7960 8202 25 . . . 7960 8203 1 So so RB 7960 8203 2 numerous numerous JJ 7960 8203 3 are be VBP 7960 8203 4 the the DT 7960 8203 5 fiords fiord NNS 7960 8203 6 , , , 7960 8203 7 or or CC 7960 8203 8 inlets inlet NNS 7960 8203 9 of of IN 7960 8203 10 the the DT 7960 8203 11 sea sea NN 7960 8203 12 , , , 7960 8203 13 that that IN 7960 8203 14 the the DT 7960 8203 15 total total JJ 7960 8203 16 length length NN 7960 8203 17 of of IN 7960 8203 18 the the DT 7960 8203 19 coast coast NN 7960 8203 20 approximates approximate VBZ 7960 8203 21 twelve twelve CD 7960 8203 22 thousand thousand CD 7960 8203 23 miles mile NNS 7960 8203 24 . . . 7960 8204 1 Slight slight JJ 7960 8204 2 wonder wonder NN 7960 8204 3 that that IN 7960 8204 4 the the DT 7960 8204 5 Vikings viking NNS 7960 8204 6 , , , 7960 8204 7 [ [ -LRB- 7960 8204 8 3 3 CD 7960 8204 9 ] ] -RRB- 7960 8204 10 as as IN 7960 8204 11 they -PRON- PRP 7960 8204 12 called call VBD 7960 8204 13 themselves -PRON- PRP 7960 8204 14 , , , 7960 8204 15 should should MD 7960 8204 16 feel feel VB 7960 8204 17 the the DT 7960 8204 18 lure lure NN 7960 8204 19 of of IN 7960 8204 20 the the DT 7960 8204 21 ocean ocean NN 7960 8204 22 and and CC 7960 8204 23 should should MD 7960 8204 24 put put VB 7960 8204 25 forth forth RB 7960 8204 26 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8204 27 frail frail NN 7960 8204 28 barks bark NNS 7960 8204 29 upon upon IN 7960 8204 30 the the DT 7960 8204 31 " " `` 7960 8204 32 pathway pathway NN 7960 8204 33 of of IN 7960 8204 34 the the DT 7960 8204 35 swans swan NNS 7960 8204 36 " " '' 7960 8204 37 in in IN 7960 8204 38 search search NN 7960 8204 39 of of IN 7960 8204 40 booty booty NN 7960 8204 41 and and CC 7960 8204 42 adventure adventure NN 7960 8204 43 . . . 7960 8205 1 PREHISTORIC prehistoric NN 7960 8205 2 TIMES times NN 7960 8205 3 IN in IN 7960 8205 4 SCANDINAVIA SCANDINAVIA NNS 7960 8205 5 The the DT 7960 8205 6 Swedes Swedes NNPS 7960 8205 7 and and CC 7960 8205 8 Norwegians Norwegians NNPS 7960 8205 9 , , , 7960 8205 10 together together RB 7960 8205 11 with with IN 7960 8205 12 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8205 13 kinsmen kinsman NNS 7960 8205 14 , , , 7960 8205 15 the the DT 7960 8205 16 Danes Danes NNPS 7960 8205 17 , , , 7960 8205 18 probably probably RB 7960 8205 19 settled settle VBN 7960 8205 20 in in IN 7960 8205 21 Scandinavia Scandinavia NNP 7960 8205 22 long long RB 7960 8205 23 before before IN 7960 8205 24 the the DT 7960 8205 25 beginning beginning NN 7960 8205 26 of of IN 7960 8205 27 the the DT 7960 8205 28 Christian christian JJ 7960 8205 29 era era NN 7960 8205 30 . . . 7960 8206 1 During during IN 7960 8206 2 the the DT 7960 8206 3 earlier early JJR 7960 8206 4 part part NN 7960 8206 5 of of IN 7960 8206 6 the the DT 7960 8206 7 prehistoric prehistoric JJ 7960 8206 8 period period NN 7960 8206 9 the the DT 7960 8206 10 inhabitants inhabitant NNS 7960 8206 11 were be VBD 7960 8206 12 still still RB 7960 8206 13 in in IN 7960 8206 14 the the DT 7960 8206 15 Stone Stone NNP 7960 8206 16 Age Age NNP 7960 8206 17 , , , 7960 8206 18 but but CC 7960 8206 19 the the DT 7960 8206 20 use use NN 7960 8206 21 of of IN 7960 8206 22 bronze bronze NN 7960 8206 23 , , , 7960 8206 24 and and CC 7960 8206 25 then then RB 7960 8206 26 of of IN 7960 8206 27 iron iron NN 7960 8206 28 , , , 7960 8206 29 was be VBD 7960 8206 30 gradually gradually RB 7960 8206 31 introduced introduce VBN 7960 8206 32 . . . 7960 8207 1 Excavations excavation NNS 7960 8207 2 in in IN 7960 8207 3 ancient ancient JJ 7960 8207 4 grave grave JJ 7960 8207 5 mounds mound NNS 7960 8207 6 have have VBP 7960 8207 7 revealed reveal VBN 7960 8207 8 implements implement NNS 7960 8207 9 of of IN 7960 8207 10 the the DT 7960 8207 11 finest fine JJS 7960 8207 12 polished polished JJ 7960 8207 13 stone stone NN 7960 8207 14 , , , 7960 8207 15 beautiful beautiful JJ 7960 8207 16 bronze bronze NN 7960 8207 17 swords sword NNS 7960 8207 18 , , , 7960 8207 19 and and CC 7960 8207 20 coats coat NNS 7960 8207 21 of of IN 7960 8207 22 iron iron NN 7960 8207 23 ring ring NN 7960 8207 24 mail mail NN 7960 8207 25 , , , 7960 8207 26 besides besides IN 7960 8207 27 gold gold NN 7960 8207 28 and and CC 7960 8207 29 silver silver NN 7960 8207 30 ornaments ornament NNS 7960 8207 31 which which WDT 7960 8207 32 may may MD 7960 8207 33 have have VB 7960 8207 34 been be VBN 7960 8207 35 imported import VBN 7960 8207 36 from from IN 7960 8207 37 southern southern JJ 7960 8207 38 Europe Europe NNP 7960 8207 39 . . . 7960 8208 1 The the DT 7960 8208 2 ancient ancient JJ 7960 8208 3 Scandinavians scandinavian NNS 7960 8208 4 have have VBP 7960 8208 5 left leave VBN 7960 8208 6 to to IN 7960 8208 7 us -PRON- PRP 7960 8208 8 curious curious JJ 7960 8208 9 records record NNS 7960 8208 10 of of IN 7960 8208 11 the the DT 7960 8208 12 past past NN 7960 8208 13 in in IN 7960 8208 14 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8208 15 picture picture NN 7960 8208 16 writing writing NN 7960 8208 17 chiseled chisel VBD 7960 8208 18 on on IN 7960 8208 19 the the DT 7960 8208 20 flat flat JJ 7960 8208 21 surface surface NN 7960 8208 22 of of IN 7960 8208 23 rocks rock NNS 7960 8208 24 . . . 7960 8209 1 The the DT 7960 8209 2 objects object NNS 7960 8209 3 represented represent VBN 7960 8209 4 include include VBP 7960 8209 5 boats boat NNS 7960 8209 6 with with IN 7960 8209 7 as as RB 7960 8209 8 many many JJ 7960 8209 9 as as IN 7960 8209 10 thirty thirty CD 7960 8209 11 men man NNS 7960 8209 12 in in IN 7960 8209 13 them -PRON- PRP 7960 8209 14 , , , 7960 8209 15 horses horse NNS 7960 8209 16 drawing draw VBG 7960 8209 17 two two CD 7960 8209 18 - - HYPH 7960 8209 19 wheeled wheeled JJ 7960 8209 20 carts cart NNS 7960 8209 21 , , , 7960 8209 22 spans span NNS 7960 8209 23 of of IN 7960 8209 24 oxen oxen NNP 7960 8209 25 , , , 7960 8209 26 farmers farmer NNS 7960 8209 27 engaged engage VBD 7960 8209 28 in in IN 7960 8209 29 ploughing ploughing NN 7960 8209 30 , , , 7960 8209 31 and and CC 7960 8209 32 warriors warrior NNS 7960 8209 33 on on IN 7960 8209 34 horseback horseback NN 7960 8209 35 . . . 7960 8210 1 By by IN 7960 8210 2 the the DT 7960 8210 3 close close NN 7960 8210 4 of of IN 7960 8210 5 the the DT 7960 8210 6 prehistoric prehistoric JJ 7960 8210 7 period period NN 7960 8210 8 the the DT 7960 8210 9 northern northern JJ 7960 8210 10 peoples people NNS 7960 8210 11 were be VBD 7960 8210 12 also also RB 7960 8210 13 familiar familiar JJ 7960 8210 14 with with IN 7960 8210 15 a a DT 7960 8210 16 form form NN 7960 8210 17 of of IN 7960 8210 18 the the DT 7960 8210 19 Greek greek JJ 7960 8210 20 alphabet alphabet NN 7960 8210 21 ( ( -LRB- 7960 8210 22 the the DT 7960 8210 23 " " `` 7960 8210 24 runes rune NNS 7960 8210 25 " " '' 7960 8210 26 [ [ -LRB- 7960 8210 27 4 4 CD 7960 8210 28 ] ] -RRB- 7960 8210 29 ) ) -RRB- 7960 8210 30 and and CC 7960 8210 31 with with IN 7960 8210 32 the the DT 7960 8210 33 art art NN 7960 8210 34 of of IN 7960 8210 35 writing writing NN 7960 8210 36 . . . 7960 8211 1 139 139 CD 7960 8211 2 . . . 7960 8212 1 THE the DT 7960 8212 2 VIKING VIKING NNP 7960 8212 3 AGE age NN 7960 8212 4 DAWN DAWN NNS 7960 8212 5 OF of IN 7960 8212 6 HISTORY history NN 7960 8212 7 IN in IN 7960 8212 8 SCANDINAVIA SCANDINAVIA NNP 7960 8212 9 The the DT 7960 8212 10 Viking Viking NNP 7960 8212 11 Age Age NNP 7960 8212 12 , , , 7960 8212 13 with with IN 7960 8212 14 which which WDT 7960 8212 15 historic historic JJ 7960 8212 16 times time NNS 7960 8212 17 begin begin VBP 7960 8212 18 in in IN 7960 8212 19 northern northern JJ 7960 8212 20 Europe Europe NNP 7960 8212 21 , , , 7960 8212 22 extends extend VBZ 7960 8212 23 from from IN 7960 8212 24 about about IN 7960 8212 25 800 800 CD 7960 8212 26 A.D. A.D. NNS 7960 8212 27 to to IN 7960 8212 28 the the DT 7960 8212 29 introduction introduction NN 7960 8212 30 of of IN 7960 8212 31 Christianity Christianity NNP 7960 8212 32 in in IN 7960 8212 33 the the DT 7960 8212 34 tenth tenth JJ 7960 8212 35 and and CC 7960 8212 36 eleventh eleventh JJ 7960 8212 37 centuries century NNS 7960 8212 38 . . . 7960 8213 1 This this DT 7960 8213 2 was be VBD 7960 8213 3 the the DT 7960 8213 4 period period NN 7960 8213 5 when when WRB 7960 8213 6 the the DT 7960 8213 7 Northmen Northmen NNP 7960 8213 8 , , , 7960 8213 9 or or CC 7960 8213 10 Vikings Vikings NNPS 7960 8213 11 , , , 7960 8213 12 realizing realize VBG 7960 8213 13 that that IN 7960 8213 14 the the DT 7960 8213 15 sea sea NN 7960 8213 16 offered offer VBD 7960 8213 17 the the DT 7960 8213 18 quickest quick JJS 7960 8213 19 road road NN 7960 8213 20 to to IN 7960 8213 21 wealth wealth NN 7960 8213 22 and and CC 7960 8213 23 conquest conquest VB 7960 8213 24 , , , 7960 8213 25 began begin VBD 7960 8213 26 to to TO 7960 8213 27 make make VB 7960 8213 28 long long JJ 7960 8213 29 voyages voyage NNS 7960 8213 30 to to IN 7960 8213 31 foreign foreign JJ 7960 8213 32 lands land NNS 7960 8213 33 . . . 7960 8214 1 In in IN 7960 8214 2 part part NN 7960 8214 3 they -PRON- PRP 7960 8214 4 went go VBD 7960 8214 5 as as IN 7960 8214 6 traders trader NNS 7960 8214 7 and and CC 7960 8214 8 exchanged exchange VBD 7960 8214 9 the the DT 7960 8214 10 furs fur NNS 7960 8214 11 , , , 7960 8214 12 wool wool NN 7960 8214 13 , , , 7960 8214 14 and and CC 7960 8214 15 fish fish NN 7960 8214 16 of of IN 7960 8214 17 Scandinavia Scandinavia NNP 7960 8214 18 for for IN 7960 8214 19 the the DT 7960 8214 20 clothing clothing NN 7960 8214 21 , , , 7960 8214 22 ornaments ornament NNS 7960 8214 23 , , , 7960 8214 24 and and CC 7960 8214 25 other other JJ 7960 8214 26 articles article NNS 7960 8214 27 of of IN 7960 8214 28 luxury luxury NN 7960 8214 29 found find VBN 7960 8214 30 in in IN 7960 8214 31 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7960 8215 36 . . . 7960 8216 1 THE the DT 7960 8216 2 NORTHMEN NORTHMEN NNP 7960 8216 3 AS as IN 7960 8216 4 SAILORS SAILORS NNP 7960 8216 5 Whether whether IN 7960 8216 6 the the DT 7960 8216 7 Northmen Northmen NNP 7960 8216 8 engaged engage VBD 7960 8216 9 in in IN 7960 8216 10 trade trade NN 7960 8216 11 or or CC 7960 8216 12 in in IN 7960 8216 13 warfare warfare NN 7960 8216 14 , , , 7960 8216 15 good good JJ 7960 8216 16 ships ship NNS 7960 8216 17 and and CC 7960 8216 18 good good JJ 7960 8216 19 seamanship seamanship NN 7960 8216 20 were be VBD 7960 8216 21 indispensable indispensable JJ 7960 8216 22 to to IN 7960 8216 23 them -PRON- PRP 7960 8216 24 . . . 7960 8217 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 8217 2 became become VBD 7960 8217 3 the the DT 7960 8217 4 boldest bold JJS 7960 8217 5 sailors sailor NNS 7960 8217 6 of of IN 7960 8217 7 the the DT 7960 8217 8 early early JJ 7960 8217 9 Middle Middle NNP 7960 8217 10 Ages Ages NNPS 7960 8217 11 . . . 7960 8218 1 No no RB 7960 8218 2 longer long RBR 7960 8218 3 hugging hug VBG 7960 8218 4 the the DT 7960 8218 5 coast coast NN 7960 8218 6 , , , 7960 8218 7 as as IN 7960 8218 8 timid timid JJ 7960 8218 9 mariners mariner NNS 7960 8218 10 had have VBD 7960 8218 11 always always RB 7960 8218 12 done do VBN 7960 8218 13 before before IN 7960 8218 14 them -PRON- PRP 7960 8218 15 , , , 7960 8218 16 the the DT 7960 8218 17 Northmen Northmen NNP 7960 8218 18 pushed push VBD 7960 8218 19 out out RP 7960 8218 20 into into IN 7960 8218 21 the the DT 7960 8218 22 uncharted uncharted JJ 7960 8218 23 main main NN 7960 8218 24 and and CC 7960 8218 25 steered steer VBD 7960 8218 26 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8218 27 course course NN 7960 8218 28 only only RB 7960 8218 29 by by IN 7960 8218 30 observation observation NN 7960 8218 31 of of IN 7960 8218 32 the the DT 7960 8218 33 sun sun NN 7960 8218 34 and and CC 7960 8218 35 stars star NNS 7960 8218 36 . . . 7960 8219 1 In in IN 7960 8219 2 this this DT 7960 8219 3 way way NN 7960 8219 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7960 8221 8 ships ship NNS 7960 8221 9 enables enable VBZ 7960 8221 10 us -PRON- PRP 7960 8221 11 to to TO 7960 8221 12 form form VB 7960 8221 13 a a DT 7960 8221 14 good good JJ 7960 8221 15 idea idea NN 7960 8221 16 of of IN 7960 8221 17 Viking Viking NNP 7960 8221 18 vessels vessel NNS 7960 8221 19 . . . 7960 8222 1 The the DT 7960 8222 2 largest large JJS 7960 8222 3 of of IN 7960 8222 4 them -PRON- PRP 7960 8222 5 might may MD 7960 8222 6 reach reach VB 7960 8222 7 a a DT 7960 8222 8 length length NN 7960 8222 9 of of IN 7960 8222 10 seventy seventy CD 7960 8222 11 feet foot NNS 7960 8222 12 and and CC 7960 8222 13 hold hold VB 7960 8222 14 as as RB 7960 8222 15 many many JJ 7960 8222 16 as as IN 7960 8222 17 one one CD 7960 8222 18 hundred hundred CD 7960 8222 19 and and CC 7960 8222 20 twenty twenty CD 7960 8222 21 men man NNS 7960 8222 22 . . . 7960 8223 1 A a DT 7960 8223 2 fleet fleet NN 7960 8223 3 of of IN 7960 8223 4 the the DT 7960 8223 5 Northmen Northmen NNP 7960 8223 6 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a a DT 7960 8241 28 roof roof NN 7960 8241 29 nor nor CC 7960 8241 30 emptied empty VBD 7960 8241 31 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8241 32 drinking drinking NN 7960 8241 33 - - HYPH 7960 8241 34 horns horn NNS 7960 8241 35 by by IN 7960 8241 36 a a DT 7960 8241 37 hearth hearth NN 7960 8241 38 . . . 7960 8241 39 " " '' 7960 8242 1 An an DT 7960 8242 2 immense immense JJ 7960 8242 3 love love NN 7960 8242 4 of of IN 7960 8242 5 fighting fighting NN 7960 8242 6 breathes breathe NNS 7960 8242 7 in in IN 7960 8242 8 the the DT 7960 8242 9 accounts account NNS 7960 8242 10 of of IN 7960 8242 11 Viking Viking NNP 7960 8242 12 warriors warrior NNS 7960 8242 13 , , , 7960 8242 14 " " `` 7960 8242 15 who who WP 7960 8242 16 are be VBP 7960 8242 17 glad glad JJ 7960 8242 18 when when WRB 7960 8242 19 they -PRON- PRP 7960 8242 20 have have VBP 7960 8242 21 hopes hope NNS 7960 8242 22 of of IN 7960 8242 23 a a DT 7960 8242 24 battle battle NN 7960 8242 25 ; ; : 7960 8242 26 they -PRON- PRP 7960 8242 27 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7960 8243 18 in in IN 7960 8243 19 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8243 20 sea sea NN 7960 8243 21 songs song NNS 7960 8243 22 : : : 7960 8243 23 " " `` 7960 8243 24 The the DT 7960 8243 25 force force NN 7960 8243 26 of of IN 7960 8243 27 the the DT 7960 8243 28 tempest temp JJS 7960 8243 29 assists assist VBZ 7960 8243 30 the the DT 7960 8243 31 arms arm NNS 7960 8243 32 of of IN 7960 8243 33 our -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8243 34 oarsmen oarsman NNS 7960 8243 35 ; ; : 7960 8243 36 the the DT 7960 8243 37 hurricane hurricane NN 7960 8243 38 is be VBZ 7960 8243 39 our -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8243 40 servant servant NN 7960 8243 41 , , , 7960 8243 42 it -PRON- PRP 7960 8243 43 drives drive VBZ 7960 8243 44 us -PRON- PRP 7960 8243 45 whithersoever whithersoever NN 7960 8243 46 we -PRON- PRP 7960 8243 47 wish wish VBP 7960 8243 48 to to TO 7960 8243 49 go go VB 7960 8243 50 . . . 7960 8243 51 " " '' 7960 8244 1 The the DT 7960 8244 2 sagas sagas NN 7960 8244 3 also also RB 7960 8244 4 reveal reveal VBP 7960 8244 5 other other JJ 7960 8244 6 characteristics characteristic NNS 7960 8244 7 of of IN 7960 8244 8 the the DT 7960 8244 9 Northmen Northmen NNP 7960 8244 10 : : : 7960 8244 11 a a DT 7960 8244 12 cruelty cruelty NN 7960 8244 13 and and CC 7960 8244 14 faithlessness faithlessness NN 7960 8244 15 which which WDT 7960 8244 16 made make VBD 7960 8244 17 them -PRON- PRP 7960 8244 18 a a DT 7960 8244 19 terror terror NN 7960 8244 20 to to IN 7960 8244 21 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8244 22 foes foe NNS 7960 8244 23 ; ; : 7960 8244 24 an an DT 7960 8244 25 almost almost RB 7960 8244 26 barbaric barbaric JJ 7960 8244 27 love love NN 7960 8244 28 of of IN 7960 8244 29 gay gay JJ 7960 8244 30 clothing clothing NN 7960 8244 31 and and CC 7960 8244 32 ornament ornament NN 7960 8244 33 ; ; : 7960 8244 34 a a DT 7960 8244 35 strong strong JJ 7960 8244 36 sense sense NN 7960 8244 37 of of IN 7960 8244 38 public public JJ 7960 8244 39 order order NN 7960 8244 40 , , , 7960 8244 41 giving give VBG 7960 8244 42 rise rise NN 7960 8244 43 to to IN 7960 8244 44 an an DT 7960 8244 45 elaborate elaborate JJ 7960 8244 46 legal legal JJ 7960 8244 47 system system NN 7960 8244 48 ; ; : 7960 8244 49 and and CC 7960 8244 50 even even RB 7960 8244 51 a a DT 7960 8244 52 feeling feeling NN 7960 8244 53 for for IN 7960 8244 54 the the DT 7960 8244 55 romantic romantic JJ 7960 8244 56 beauty beauty NN 7960 8244 57 of of IN 7960 8244 58 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8244 59 northern northern JJ 7960 8244 60 home home NN 7960 8244 61 , , , 7960 8244 62 with with IN 7960 8244 63 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8244 64 snow snow NN 7960 8244 65 - - HYPH 7960 8244 66 clad clothe VBN 7960 8244 67 mountains mountain NNS 7960 8244 68 , , , 7960 8244 69 dark dark JJ 7960 8244 70 forests forest NNS 7960 8244 71 of of IN 7960 8244 72 pine pine NN 7960 8244 73 , , , 7960 8244 74 sparkling sparkle VBG 7960 8244 75 waterfalls waterfall NNS 7960 8244 76 , , , 7960 8244 77 and and CC 7960 8244 78 deep deep JJ 7960 8244 79 , , , 7960 8244 80 blue blue JJ 7960 8244 81 fiords fiord NNS 7960 8244 82 . . . 7960 8245 1 EDDAIC EDDAIC NNP 7960 8245 2 POEMS poem NNS 7960 8245 3 It -PRON- PRP 7960 8245 4 is be VBZ 7960 8245 5 to to IN 7960 8245 6 the the DT 7960 8245 7 Viking Viking NNP 7960 8245 8 Age Age NNP 7960 8245 9 also also RB 7960 8245 10 that that IN 7960 8245 11 we -PRON- PRP 7960 8245 12 owe owe VBP 7960 8245 13 the the DT 7960 8245 14 composition composition NN 7960 8245 15 of of IN 7960 8245 16 the the DT 7960 8245 17 poems poem NNS 7960 8245 18 going go VBG 7960 8245 19 by by IN 7960 8245 20 the the DT 7960 8245 21 name name NN 7960 8245 22 of of IN 7960 8245 23 the the DT 7960 8245 24 _ _ NNP 7960 8245 25 Elder Elder NNP 7960 8245 26 Edda Edda NNP 7960 8245 27 _ _ NNP 7960 8245 28 . . . 7960 8246 1 These these DT 7960 8246 2 poems poem NNS 7960 8246 3 , , , 7960 8246 4 as as RB 7960 8246 5 well well RB 7960 8246 6 as as IN 7960 8246 7 the the DT 7960 8246 8 prose prose NN 7960 8246 9 sagas sagas NN 7960 8246 10 , , , 7960 8246 11 were be VBD 7960 8246 12 collected collect VBN 7960 8246 13 and and CC 7960 8246 14 arranged arrange VBN 7960 8246 15 in in IN 7960 8246 16 Iceland Iceland NNP 7960 8246 17 during during IN 7960 8246 18 the the DT 7960 8246 19 later later JJ 7960 8246 20 Middle Middle NNP 7960 8246 21 Ages Ages NNP 7960 8246 22 . . . 7960 8247 1 The the DT 7960 8247 2 _ _ NNP 7960 8247 3 Elder eld JJR 7960 8247 4 Edda Edda NNP 7960 8247 5 _ _ NNP 7960 8247 6 is be VBZ 7960 8247 7 a a DT 7960 8247 8 storehouse storehouse NN 7960 8247 9 of of IN 7960 8247 10 old old JJ 7960 8247 11 Norse norse JJ 7960 8247 12 mythology mythology NN 7960 8247 13 . . . 7960 8248 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 8248 2 forms form VBZ 7960 8248 3 our -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8248 4 chief chief JJ 7960 8248 5 source source NN 7960 8248 6 of of IN 7960 8248 7 knowledge knowledge NN 7960 8248 8 concerning concern VBG 7960 8248 9 Scandinavian scandinavian JJ 7960 8248 10 heathenism heathenism NN 7960 8248 11 before before IN 7960 8248 12 the the DT 7960 8248 13 introduction introduction NN 7960 8248 14 of of IN 7960 8248 15 Christianity Christianity NNP 7960 8248 16 . . . 7960 8249 1 140 140 CD 7960 8249 2 . . . 7960 8250 1 SCANDINAVIAN SCANDINAVIAN NNP 7960 8250 2 HEATHENISM HEATHENISM NNP 7960 8250 3 THE the DT 7960 8250 4 GOD GOD NNP 7960 8250 5 ODIN odin RB 7960 8250 6 The the DT 7960 8250 7 religion religion NN 7960 8250 8 of of IN 7960 8250 9 the the DT 7960 8250 10 Northmen Northmen NNP 7960 8250 11 bore bear VBD 7960 8250 12 a a DT 7960 8250 13 close close JJ 7960 8250 14 resemblance resemblance NN 7960 8250 15 to to IN 7960 8250 16 that that DT 7960 8250 17 of of IN 7960 8250 18 the the DT 7960 8250 19 other other JJ 7960 8250 20 Teutonic Teutonic NNP 7960 8250 21 peoples people NNS 7960 8250 22 . . . 7960 8251 1 The the DT 7960 8251 2 leading lead VBG 7960 8251 3 deity deity NN 7960 8251 4 was be VBD 7960 8251 5 Odin Odin NNP 7960 8251 6 ( ( -LRB- 7960 8251 7 German German NNP 7960 8251 8 _ _ NNP 7960 8251 9 Woden Woden NNP 7960 8251 10 _ _ NNP 7960 8251 11 ) ) -RRB- 7960 8251 12 , , , 7960 8251 13 whose whose WP$ 7960 8251 14 exploits exploit NNS 7960 8251 15 are be VBP 7960 8251 16 celebrated celebrate VBN 7960 8251 17 in in IN 7960 8251 18 many many JJ 7960 8251 19 of of IN 7960 8251 20 the the DT 7960 8251 21 songs song NNS 7960 8251 22 of of IN 7960 8251 23 the the DT 7960 8251 24 _ _ NNP 7960 8251 25 Elder Elder NNP 7960 8251 26 Edda Edda NNP 7960 8251 27 _ _ NNP 7960 8251 28 . . . 7960 8252 1 Odin Odin NNP 7960 8252 2 was be VBD 7960 8252 3 represented represent VBN 7960 8252 4 as as IN 7960 8252 5 a a DT 7960 8252 6 tall tall JJ 7960 8252 7 , , , 7960 8252 8 gray gray JJ 7960 8252 9 - - HYPH 7960 8252 10 bearded bearded JJ 7960 8252 11 chieftain chieftain NN 7960 8252 12 , , , 7960 8252 13 carrying carry VBG 7960 8252 14 a a DT 7960 8252 15 shield shield NN 7960 8252 16 and and CC 7960 8252 17 a a DT 7960 8252 18 spear spear NN 7960 8252 19 which which WDT 7960 8252 20 never never RB 7960 8252 21 missed miss VBD 7960 8252 22 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8252 23 mark mark NN 7960 8252 24 . . . 7960 8253 1 Though though IN 7960 8253 2 a a DT 7960 8253 3 god god NN 7960 8253 4 of of IN 7960 8253 5 battle battle NN 7960 8253 6 , , , 7960 8253 7 Odin Odin NNP 7960 8253 8 was be VBD 7960 8253 9 also also RB 7960 8253 10 a a DT 7960 8253 11 lover lover NN 7960 8253 12 of of IN 7960 8253 13 wisdom wisdom NN 7960 8253 14 . . . 7960 8254 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 8254 2 discovered discover VBD 7960 8254 3 the the DT 7960 8254 4 runes rune NNS 7960 8254 5 which which WDT 7960 8254 6 gave give VBD 7960 8254 7 him -PRON- PRP 7960 8254 8 secret secret JJ 7960 8254 9 knowledge knowledge NN 7960 8254 10 of of IN 7960 8254 11 all all DT 7960 8254 12 things thing NNS 7960 8254 13 . . . 7960 8255 1 Legend legend NN 7960 8255 2 told tell VBD 7960 8255 3 how how WRB 7960 8255 4 Odin Odin NNP 7960 8255 5 killed kill VBD 7960 8255 6 a a DT 7960 8255 7 mighty mighty JJ 7960 8255 8 giant giant NN 7960 8255 9 , , , 7960 8255 10 whose whose WP$ 7960 8255 11 body body NN 7960 8255 12 was be VBD 7960 8255 13 cut cut VBN 7960 8255 14 into into IN 7960 8255 15 pieces piece NNS 7960 8255 16 to to TO 7960 8255 17 form form VB 7960 8255 18 the the DT 7960 8255 19 world world NN 7960 8255 20 : : : 7960 8255 21 the the DT 7960 8255 22 earth earth NN 7960 8255 23 was be VBD 7960 8255 24 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8255 25 flesh flesh NN 7960 8255 26 , , , 7960 8255 27 the the DT 7960 8255 28 water water NN 7960 8255 29 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8255 30 blood blood NN 7960 8255 31 , , , 7960 8255 32 the the DT 7960 8255 33 rocks rock NNS 7960 8255 34 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8255 35 bones bone NNS 7960 8255 36 , , , 7960 8255 37 and and CC 7960 8255 38 the the DT 7960 8255 39 heavens heavens NNPS 7960 8255 40 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8255 41 skull skull NN 7960 8255 42 . . . 7960 8256 1 Having have VBG 7960 8256 2 created create VBN 7960 8256 3 the the DT 7960 8256 4 world world NN 7960 8256 5 and and CC 7960 8256 6 peopled people VBD 7960 8256 7 it -PRON- PRP 7960 8256 8 with with IN 7960 8256 9 human human JJ 7960 8256 10 beings being NNS 7960 8256 11 , , , 7960 8256 12 Odin Odin NNP 7960 8256 13 retired retire VBD 7960 8256 14 to to IN 7960 8256 15 the the DT 7960 8256 16 sacred sacred JJ 7960 8256 17 city city NN 7960 8256 18 of of IN 7960 8256 19 Asgard Asgard NNP 7960 8256 20 , , , 7960 8256 21 where where WRB 7960 8256 22 he -PRON- PRP 7960 8256 23 reigned reign VBD 7960 8256 24 in in IN 7960 8256 25 company company NN 7960 8256 26 with with IN 7960 8256 27 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8256 28 children child NNS 7960 8256 29 . . . 7960 8257 1 THE the DT 7960 8257 2 GOD GOD NNP 7960 8257 3 THOR THOR NNP 7960 8257 4 Enthroned Enthroned NNP 7960 8257 5 beside beside IN 7960 8257 6 Odin Odin NNP 7960 8257 7 sat sit VBD 7960 8257 8 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8257 9 oldest old JJS 7960 8257 10 son son NN 7960 8257 11 , , , 7960 8257 12 Thor Thor NNP 7960 8257 13 ( ( -LRB- 7960 8257 14 German German NNP 7960 8257 15 _ _ NNP 7960 8257 16 Thunor Thunor NNP 7960 8257 17 _ _ NNP 7960 8257 18 ) ) -RRB- 7960 8257 19 , , , 7960 8257 20 god god NNP 7960 8257 21 of of IN 7960 8257 22 thunder thunder NN 7960 8257 23 and and CC 7960 8257 24 lightning lightning NN 7960 8257 25 . . . 7960 8258 1 His -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8258 2 weapon weapon NN 7960 8258 3 , , , 7960 8258 4 the the DT 7960 8258 5 thunderbolt thunderbolt NN 7960 8258 6 , , , 7960 8258 7 was be VBD 7960 8258 8 imagined imagine VBN 7960 8258 9 as as IN 7960 8258 10 a a DT 7960 8258 11 hammer hammer NN 7960 8258 12 , , , 7960 8258 13 and and CC 7960 8258 14 was be VBD 7960 8258 15 especially especially RB 7960 8258 16 used use VBN 7960 8258 17 by by IN 7960 8258 18 him -PRON- PRP 7960 8258 19 to to TO 7960 8258 20 protect protect VB 7960 8258 21 gods god NNS 7960 8258 22 and and CC 7960 8258 23 men man NNS 7960 8258 24 against against IN 7960 8258 25 the the DT 7960 8258 26 giants giant NNS 7960 8258 27 . . . 7960 8259 1 The the DT 7960 8259 2 hammer hammer NN 7960 8259 3 , , , 7960 8259 4 when when WRB 7960 8259 5 thrown throw VBN 7960 8259 6 , , , 7960 8259 7 returned return VBD 7960 8259 8 to to IN 7960 8259 9 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8259 10 hand hand NN 7960 8259 11 of of IN 7960 8259 12 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8259 13 own own JJ 7960 8259 14 accord accord NN 7960 8259 15 . . . 7960 8260 1 Thor Thor NNP 7960 8260 2 also also RB 7960 8260 3 possessed possess VBD 7960 8260 4 a a DT 7960 8260 5 belt belt NN 7960 8260 6 of of IN 7960 8260 7 strength strength NN 7960 8260 8 , , , 7960 8260 9 which which WDT 7960 8260 10 , , , 7960 8260 11 when when WRB 7960 8260 12 girded gird VBD 7960 8260 13 about about IN 7960 8260 14 him -PRON- PRP 7960 8260 15 , , , 7960 8260 16 doubled double VBD 7960 8260 17 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8260 18 power power NN 7960 8260 19 . . . 7960 8261 1 THOR THOR NNP 7960 8261 2 'S 's POS 7960 8261 3 DEEDS DEEDS NNP 7960 8261 4 OF of IN 7960 8261 5 STRENGTH STRENGTH NNP 7960 8261 6 Many many JJ 7960 8261 7 stories story NNS 7960 8261 8 were be VBD 7960 8261 9 told tell VBN 7960 8261 10 of of IN 7960 8261 11 Thor Thor NNP 7960 8261 12 's 's POS 7960 8261 13 adventures adventure NNS 7960 8261 14 , , , 7960 8261 15 when when WRB 7960 8261 16 visiting visit VBG 7960 8261 17 Jötunheim Jötunheim NNP 7960 8261 18 , , , 7960 8261 19 the the DT 7960 8261 20 abode abode NN 7960 8261 21 of of IN 7960 8261 22 the the DT 7960 8261 23 giants giant NNS 7960 8261 24 . . . 7960 8262 1 In in IN 7960 8262 2 a a DT 7960 8262 3 drinking drinking NN 7960 8262 4 - - HYPH 7960 8262 5 match match NN 7960 8262 6 he -PRON- PRP 7960 8262 7 tried try VBD 7960 8262 8 to to TO 7960 8262 9 drain drain VB 7960 8262 10 a a DT 7960 8262 11 horn horn NN 7960 8262 12 of of IN 7960 8262 13 liquor liquor NN 7960 8262 14 , , , 7960 8262 15 not not RB 7960 8262 16 knowing know VBG 7960 8262 17 that that IN 7960 8262 18 one one CD 7960 8262 19 end end NN 7960 8262 20 of of IN 7960 8262 21 the the DT 7960 8262 22 horn horn NN 7960 8262 23 reached reach VBD 7960 8262 24 the the DT 7960 8262 25 sea sea NN 7960 8262 26 , , , 7960 8262 27 which which WDT 7960 8262 28 was be VBD 7960 8262 29 appreciably appreciably RB 7960 8262 30 lowered lower VBN 7960 8262 31 by by IN 7960 8262 32 the the DT 7960 8262 33 god god NNP 7960 8262 34 's 's POS 7960 8262 35 huge huge JJ 7960 8262 36 draughts draught NNS 7960 8262 37 . . . 7960 8263 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 8263 2 sought seek VBD 7960 8263 3 to to TO 7960 8263 4 lift lift VB 7960 8263 5 from from IN 7960 8263 6 the the DT 7960 8263 7 ground ground NN 7960 8263 8 a a DT 7960 8263 9 large large JJ 7960 8263 10 , , , 7960 8263 11 gray gray JJ 7960 8263 12 cat cat NN 7960 8263 13 , , , 7960 8263 14 but but CC 7960 8263 15 struggle struggle NN 7960 8263 16 as as IN 7960 8263 17 he -PRON- PRP 7960 8263 18 might may MD 7960 8263 19 , , , 7960 8263 20 could could MD 7960 8263 21 raise raise VB 7960 8263 22 only only RB 7960 8263 23 one one CD 7960 8263 24 of of IN 7960 8263 25 the the DT 7960 8263 26 animal animal NN 7960 8263 27 's 's POS 7960 8263 28 feet foot NNS 7960 8263 29 . . . 7960 8264 1 What what WP 7960 8264 2 Thor Thor NNP 7960 8264 3 took take VBD 7960 8264 4 for for IN 7960 8264 5 a a DT 7960 8264 6 cat cat NN 7960 8264 7 , , , 7960 8264 8 however however RB 7960 8264 9 , , , 7960 8264 10 was be VBD 7960 8264 11 really really RB 7960 8264 12 the the DT 7960 8264 13 Midgard Midgard NNP 7960 8264 14 serpent serpent NN 7960 8264 15 , , , 7960 8264 16 which which WDT 7960 8264 17 , , , 7960 8264 18 with with IN 7960 8264 19 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8264 20 tail tail NN 7960 8264 21 in in IN 7960 8264 22 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8264 23 mouth mouth NN 7960 8264 24 , , , 7960 8264 25 encircled encircle VBD 7960 8264 26 the the DT 7960 8264 27 earth earth NN 7960 8264 28 . . . 7960 8265 1 In in IN 7960 8265 2 the the DT 7960 8265 3 last last JJ 7960 8265 4 trial trial NN 7960 8265 5 of of IN 7960 8265 6 strength strength NN 7960 8265 7 Thor Thor NNP 7960 8265 8 wrestled wrestle VBD 7960 8265 9 with with IN 7960 8265 10 an an DT 7960 8265 11 old old JJ 7960 8265 12 woman woman NN 7960 8265 13 , , , 7960 8265 14 and and CC 7960 8265 15 after after IN 7960 8265 16 a a DT 7960 8265 17 violent violent JJ 7960 8265 18 contest contest NN 7960 8265 19 was be VBD 7960 8265 20 thrown throw VBN 7960 8265 21 down down RP 7960 8265 22 upon upon IN 7960 8265 23 one one CD 7960 8265 24 knee knee NN 7960 8265 25 . . . 7960 8266 1 But but CC 7960 8266 2 the the DT 7960 8266 3 hag hag NN 7960 8266 4 was be VBD 7960 8266 5 in in IN 7960 8266 6 truth truth NN 7960 8266 7 relentless relentless JJ 7960 8266 8 old old JJ 7960 8266 9 age age NN 7960 8266 10 , , , 7960 8266 11 who who WP 7960 8266 12 sooner soon RBR 7960 8266 13 or or CC 7960 8266 14 later later RB 7960 8266 15 lays lay VBZ 7960 8266 16 low low JJ 7960 8266 17 all all DT 7960 8266 18 men man NNS 7960 8266 19 . . . 7960 8267 1 MYTH MYTH NNP 7960 8267 2 OF of IN 7960 8267 3 BALDER BALDER NNP 7960 8267 4 Most most RBS 7960 8267 5 beautiful beautiful JJ 7960 8267 6 and and CC 7960 8267 7 best good JJS 7960 8267 8 beloved beloved JJ 7960 8267 9 of of IN 7960 8267 10 the the DT 7960 8267 11 Scandinavian scandinavian JJ 7960 8267 12 divinities divinity NNS 7960 8267 13 was be VBD 7960 8267 14 Odin Odin NNP 7960 8267 15 's 's POS 7960 8267 16 son son NN 7960 8267 17 , , , 7960 8267 18 Balder Balder NNP 7960 8267 19 . . . 7960 8268 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 8268 2 was be VBD 7960 8268 3 represented represent VBN 7960 8268 4 as as IN 7960 8268 5 a a DT 7960 8268 6 gentle gentle JJ 7960 8268 7 deity deity NN 7960 8268 8 of of IN 7960 8268 9 innocence innocence NN 7960 8268 10 and and CC 7960 8268 11 righteousness righteousness NN 7960 8268 12 . . . 7960 8269 1 As as RB 7960 8269 2 long long RB 7960 8269 3 as as IN 7960 8269 4 he -PRON- PRP 7960 8269 5 lived live VBD 7960 8269 6 , , , 7960 8269 7 evil evil NN 7960 8269 8 could could MD 7960 8269 9 gain gain VB 7960 8269 10 no no DT 7960 8269 11 real real JJ 7960 8269 12 control control NN 7960 8269 13 in in IN 7960 8269 14 the the DT 7960 8269 15 world world NN 7960 8269 16 and and CC 7960 8269 17 the the DT 7960 8269 18 power power NN 7960 8269 19 of of IN 7960 8269 20 the the DT 7960 8269 21 gods god NNS 7960 8269 22 would would MD 7960 8269 23 remain remain VB 7960 8269 24 unshaken unshaken JJ 7960 8269 25 . . . 7960 8270 1 To to TO 7960 8270 2 preserve preserve VB 7960 8270 3 Balder Balder NNP 7960 8270 4 from from IN 7960 8270 5 all all DT 7960 8270 6 danger danger NN 7960 8270 7 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8270 8 mother mother NN 7960 8270 9 Frigga Frigga NNP 7960 8270 10 required require VBD 7960 8270 11 everything everything NN 7960 8270 12 on on IN 7960 8270 13 earth earth NN 7960 8270 14 to to TO 7960 8270 15 swear swear VB 7960 8270 16 never never RB 7960 8270 17 to to TO 7960 8270 18 harm harm VB 7960 8270 19 her -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8270 20 son son NN 7960 8270 21 . . . 7960 8271 1 Only only RB 7960 8271 2 a a DT 7960 8271 3 single single JJ 7960 8271 4 plant plant NN 7960 8271 5 , , , 7960 8271 6 the the DT 7960 8271 7 mistletoe mistletoe NN 7960 8271 8 , , , 7960 8271 9 did do VBD 7960 8271 10 not not RB 7960 8271 11 take take VB 7960 8271 12 the the DT 7960 8271 13 oath oath NN 7960 8271 14 . . . 7960 8272 1 Then then RB 7960 8272 2 the the DT 7960 8272 3 traitor traitor NN 7960 8272 4 Loki Loki NNP 7960 8272 5 gathered gather VBD 7960 8272 6 the the DT 7960 8272 7 mistletoe mistletoe NN 7960 8272 8 and and CC 7960 8272 9 came come VBD 7960 8272 10 to to IN 7960 8272 11 an an DT 7960 8272 12 assembly assembly NN 7960 8272 13 where where WRB 7960 8272 14 the the DT 7960 8272 15 gods god NNS 7960 8272 16 were be VBD 7960 8272 17 hurling hurl VBG 7960 8272 18 all all DT 7960 8272 19 kinds kind NNS 7960 8272 20 of of IN 7960 8272 21 missiles missile NNS 7960 8272 22 at at IN 7960 8272 23 Balder Balder NNP 7960 8272 24 , , , 7960 8272 25 to to TO 7960 8272 26 show show VB 7960 8272 27 that that IN 7960 8272 28 nothing nothing NN 7960 8272 29 could could MD 7960 8272 30 hurt hurt VB 7960 8272 31 him -PRON- PRP 7960 8272 32 . . . 7960 8273 1 Loki Loki NNP 7960 8273 2 asked ask VBD 7960 8273 3 the the DT 7960 8273 4 blind blind JJ 7960 8273 5 Höder Höder NNP 7960 8273 6 to to TO 7960 8273 7 throw throw VB 7960 8273 8 the the DT 7960 8273 9 plant plant NN 7960 8273 10 at at IN 7960 8273 11 Balder Balder NNP 7960 8273 12 . . . 7960 8274 1 Höder Höder NNP 7960 8274 2 did do VBD 7960 8274 3 so so RB 7960 8274 4 , , , 7960 8274 5 and and CC 7960 8274 6 Balder Balder NNP 7960 8274 7 fell fall VBD 7960 8274 8 dead dead JJ 7960 8274 9 . . . 7960 8275 1 The the DT 7960 8275 2 gods god NNS 7960 8275 3 tried try VBD 7960 8275 4 to to TO 7960 8275 5 recover recover VB 7960 8275 6 him -PRON- PRP 7960 8275 7 from from IN 7960 8275 8 Hel Hel NNP 7960 8275 9 , , , 7960 8275 10 the the DT 7960 8275 11 gloomy gloomy JJ 7960 8275 12 underworld underworld NN 7960 8275 13 , , , 7960 8275 14 but but CC 7960 8275 15 Hel Hel NNP 7960 8275 16 demanded demand VBD 7960 8275 17 as as IN 7960 8275 18 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8275 19 ransom ransom NN 7960 8275 20 a a DT 7960 8275 21 tear tear NN 7960 8275 22 from from IN 7960 8275 23 every every DT 7960 8275 24 living living NN 7960 8275 25 creature creature NN 7960 8275 26 . . . 7960 8276 1 Gods god NNS 7960 8276 2 , , , 7960 8276 3 men man NNS 7960 8276 4 , , , 7960 8276 5 and and CC 7960 8276 6 even even RB 7960 8276 7 things thing NNS 7960 8276 8 inanimate inanimate VBP 7960 8276 9 wept weep VBD 7960 8276 10 for for IN 7960 8276 11 Balder Balder NNP 7960 8276 12 , , , 7960 8276 13 except except IN 7960 8276 14 one one CD 7960 8276 15 cruel cruel JJ 7960 8276 16 giantess giantess NN 7960 8276 17 -- -- : 7960 8276 18 Loki loki VB 7960 8276 19 in in IN 7960 8276 20 disguise-- disguise-- NNP 7960 8276 21 who who WP 7960 8276 22 would would MD 7960 8276 23 not not RB 7960 8276 24 give give VB 7960 8276 25 a a DT 7960 8276 26 single single JJ 7960 8276 27 tear tear NN 7960 8276 28 . . . 7960 8277 1 She -PRON- PRP 7960 8277 2 said say VBD 7960 8277 3 , , , 7960 8277 4 " " `` 7960 8277 5 Neither neither CC 7960 8277 6 living living NN 7960 8277 7 nor nor CC 7960 8277 8 dead dead JJ 7960 8277 9 was be VBD 7960 8277 10 Balder Balder NNP 7960 8277 11 of of IN 7960 8277 12 any any DT 7960 8277 13 use use NN 7960 8277 14 to to IN 7960 8277 15 me -PRON- PRP 7960 8277 16 . . . 7960 8278 1 Let let VB 7960 8278 2 Hel hel PRP 7960 8278 3 keep keep VB 7960 8278 4 what what WP 7960 8278 5 it -PRON- PRP 7960 8278 6 has have VBZ 7960 8278 7 . . . 7960 8278 8 " " '' 7960 8279 1 " " `` 7960 8279 2 TWILIGHT twilight VB 7960 8279 3 OF of IN 7960 8279 4 THE the DT 7960 8279 5 GODS GODS NNP 7960 8279 6 " " '' 7960 8279 7 Disasters disaster NNS 7960 8279 8 followed follow VBD 7960 8279 9 Balder Balder NNP 7960 8279 10 's 's POS 7960 8279 11 death death NN 7960 8279 12 . . . 7960 8280 1 An an DT 7960 8280 2 immense immense JJ 7960 8280 3 fire fire NN 7960 8280 4 burned burn VBD 7960 8280 5 up up RP 7960 8280 6 the the DT 7960 8280 7 world world NN 7960 8280 8 and and CC 7960 8280 9 the the DT 7960 8280 10 human human JJ 7960 8280 11 race race NN 7960 8280 12 . . . 7960 8281 1 The the DT 7960 8281 2 giants giant NNS 7960 8281 3 invaded invade VBD 7960 8281 4 Asgard Asgard NNP 7960 8281 5 and and CC 7960 8281 6 slaughtered slaughter VBD 7960 8281 7 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8281 8 inhabitants inhabitant NNS 7960 8281 9 . . . 7960 8282 1 Odin Odin NNP 7960 8282 2 fell fall VBD 7960 8282 3 a a DT 7960 8282 4 victim victim NN 7960 8282 5 to to IN 7960 8282 6 the the DT 7960 8282 7 mighty mighty JJ 7960 8282 8 wolf wolf NN 7960 8282 9 Fenris Fenris NNP 7960 8282 10 . . . 7960 8283 1 Thor Thor NNP 7960 8283 2 , , , 7960 8283 3 having have VBG 7960 8283 4 killed kill VBN 7960 8283 5 the the DT 7960 8283 6 Midgard Midgard NNP 7960 8283 7 serpent serpent NN 7960 8283 8 , , , 7960 8283 9 was be VBD 7960 8283 10 suffocated suffocate VBN 7960 8283 11 with with IN 7960 8283 12 the the DT 7960 8283 13 venom venom NN 7960 8283 14 which which WDT 7960 8283 15 the the DT 7960 8283 16 dying die VBG 7960 8283 17 monster monster NN 7960 8283 18 cast cast VBD 7960 8283 19 over over IN 7960 8283 20 him -PRON- PRP 7960 8283 21 . . . 7960 8284 1 The the DT 7960 8284 2 end end NN 7960 8284 3 of of IN 7960 8284 4 all all DT 7960 8284 5 things thing NNS 7960 8284 6 arrived arrive VBN 7960 8284 7 . . . 7960 8285 1 This this DT 7960 8285 2 was be VBD 7960 8285 3 the the DT 7960 8285 4 catastrophe catastrophe NN 7960 8285 5 which which WDT 7960 8285 6 had have VBD 7960 8285 7 been be VBN 7960 8285 8 predicted predict VBN 7960 8285 9 of of IN 7960 8285 10 old old JJ 7960 8285 11 -- -- : 7960 8285 12 the the DT 7960 8285 13 " " `` 7960 8285 14 Twilight twilight NN 7960 8285 15 of of IN 7960 8285 16 the the DT 7960 8285 17 Gods god NNS 7960 8285 18 . . . 7960 8285 19 " " '' 7960 8286 1 VALHALLA VALHALLA NNP 7960 8286 2 Besides besides IN 7960 8286 3 the the DT 7960 8286 4 conception conception NN 7960 8286 5 of of IN 7960 8286 6 Hel Hel NNP 7960 8286 7 , , , 7960 8286 8 the the DT 7960 8286 9 Northmen Northmen NNP 7960 8286 10 also also RB 7960 8286 11 framed frame VBD 7960 8286 12 the the DT 7960 8286 13 idea idea NN 7960 8286 14 of of IN 7960 8286 15 Valhalla Valhalla NNP 7960 8286 16 , , , 7960 8286 17 [ [ -LRB- 7960 8286 18 6 6 CD 7960 8286 19 ] ] -RRB- 7960 8286 20 the the DT 7960 8286 21 abode abode NN 7960 8286 22 to to TO 7960 8286 23 which which WDT 7960 8286 24 Odin Odin NNP 7960 8286 25 received receive VBD 7960 8286 26 the the DT 7960 8286 27 souls soul NNS 7960 8286 28 of of IN 7960 8286 29 those those DT 7960 8286 30 who who WP 7960 8286 31 had have VBD 7960 8286 32 died die VBN 7960 8286 33 , , , 7960 8286 34 not not RB 7960 8286 35 ingloriously ingloriously RB 7960 8286 36 in in IN 7960 8286 37 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8286 38 beds bed NNS 7960 8286 39 , , , 7960 8286 40 but but CC 7960 8286 41 on on IN 7960 8286 42 the the DT 7960 8286 43 field field NN 7960 8286 44 of of IN 7960 8286 45 battle battle NN 7960 8286 46 . . . 7960 8287 1 A a DT 7960 8287 2 troop troop NN 7960 8287 3 of of IN 7960 8287 4 divine divine JJ 7960 8287 5 maidens maiden NNS 7960 8287 6 , , , 7960 8287 7 the the DT 7960 8287 8 Valkyries valkyrie NNS 7960 8287 9 , , , 7960 8287 10 [ [ -LRB- 7960 8287 11 7 7 CD 7960 8287 12 ] ] -RRB- 7960 8287 13 rode ride VBD 7960 8287 14 through through IN 7960 8287 15 the the DT 7960 8287 16 air air NN 7960 8287 17 on on IN 7960 8287 18 Odin Odin NNP 7960 8287 19 's 's POS 7960 8287 20 service service NN 7960 8287 21 to to TO 7960 8287 22 determine determine VB 7960 8287 23 the the DT 7960 8287 24 issue issue NN 7960 8287 25 of of IN 7960 8287 26 battles battle NNS 7960 8287 27 and and CC 7960 8287 28 to to TO 7960 8287 29 select select VB 7960 8287 30 brave brave JJ 7960 8287 31 warriors warrior NNS 7960 8287 32 for for IN 7960 8287 33 Valhalla Valhalla NNP 7960 8287 34 . . . 7960 8288 1 There there RB 7960 8288 2 on on IN 7960 8288 3 the the DT 7960 8288 4 broad broad JJ 7960 8288 5 plains plain NNS 7960 8288 6 they -PRON- PRP 7960 8288 7 fought fight VBD 7960 8288 8 with with IN 7960 8288 9 one one CD 7960 8288 10 another another DT 7960 8288 11 by by IN 7960 8288 12 day day NN 7960 8288 13 , , , 7960 8288 14 but but CC 7960 8288 15 at at IN 7960 8288 16 evening evening NN 7960 8288 17 the the DT 7960 8288 18 slayer slayer NN 7960 8288 19 and and CC 7960 8288 20 the the DT 7960 8288 21 slain slain NN 7960 8288 22 returned return VBN 7960 8288 23 to to IN 7960 8288 24 Odin Odin NNP 7960 8288 25 's 's POS 7960 8288 26 hall hall NN 7960 8288 27 to to TO 7960 8288 28 feast feast VB 7960 8288 29 mightily mightily RB 7960 8288 30 on on IN 7960 8288 31 boar boar NN 7960 8288 32 's 's POS 7960 8288 33 flesh flesh NN 7960 8288 34 and and CC 7960 8288 35 drink drink VBP 7960 8288 36 deep deep JJ 7960 8288 37 draughts draught NNS 7960 8288 38 of of IN 7960 8288 39 mead mead NN 7960 8288 40 . . . 7960 8289 1 SUPERNATURAL supernatural JJ 7960 8289 2 BEINGS being NNS 7960 8289 3 As as IN 7960 8289 4 with with IN 7960 8289 5 most most JJS 7960 8289 6 heathen heathen NN 7960 8289 7 religions religion NNS 7960 8289 8 that that DT 7960 8289 9 of of IN 7960 8289 10 the the DT 7960 8289 11 Northmen Northmen NNP 7960 8289 12 was be VBD 7960 8289 13 full full JJ 7960 8289 14 of of IN 7960 8289 15 terrors terror NNS 7960 8289 16 . . . 7960 8290 1 Their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8290 2 lively lively JJ 7960 8290 3 imagination imagination NN 7960 8290 4 peopled people VBD 7960 8290 5 the the DT 7960 8290 6 world world NN 7960 8290 7 with with IN 7960 8290 8 many many JJ 7960 8290 9 strange strange JJ 7960 8290 10 figures figure NNS 7960 8290 11 . . . 7960 8291 1 Fiends fiend NNS 7960 8291 2 and and CC 7960 8291 3 monsters monster NNS 7960 8291 4 inhabited inhabit VBD 7960 8291 5 the the DT 7960 8291 6 marshes marsh NNS 7960 8291 7 , , , 7960 8291 8 giants giant NNS 7960 8291 9 lived live VBD 7960 8291 10 in in IN 7960 8291 11 the the DT 7960 8291 12 dark dark JJ 7960 8291 13 forest forest NN 7960 8291 14 , , , 7960 8291 15 evil evil JJ 7960 8291 16 spirits spirit NNS 7960 8291 17 haunted haunt VBD 7960 8291 18 all all DT 7960 8291 19 solitary solitary JJ 7960 8291 20 places place NNS 7960 8291 21 , , , 7960 8291 22 and and CC 7960 8291 23 ghosts ghost NNS 7960 8291 24 stalked stalk VBD 7960 8291 25 over over IN 7960 8291 26 the the DT 7960 8291 27 land land NN 7960 8291 28 by by IN 7960 8291 29 night night NN 7960 8291 30 . . . 7960 8292 1 The the DT 7960 8292 2 use use NN 7960 8292 3 of of IN 7960 8292 4 charms charm NNS 7960 8292 5 and and CC 7960 8292 6 spells spell NNS 7960 8292 7 to to TO 7960 8292 8 guard guard VB 7960 8292 9 against against IN 7960 8292 10 such such JJ 7960 8292 11 creatures creature NNS 7960 8292 12 passed pass VBN 7960 8292 13 over over RP 7960 8292 14 into into IN 7960 8292 15 Christian Christian NNP 7960 8292 16 times time NNS 7960 8292 17 . . . 7960 8293 1 Their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8293 2 memory memory NN 7960 8293 3 also also RB 7960 8293 4 survives survive VBZ 7960 8293 5 in in IN 7960 8293 6 folk folk NN 7960 8293 7 tales tale NNS 7960 8293 8 , , , 7960 8293 9 which which WDT 7960 8293 10 are be VBP 7960 8293 11 full full JJ 7960 8293 12 of of IN 7960 8293 13 allusions allusion NNS 7960 8293 14 to to IN 7960 8293 15 giants giant NNS 7960 8293 16 , , , 7960 8293 17 dwarfs dwarf NNS 7960 8293 18 , , , 7960 8293 19 goblins goblin NNS 7960 8293 20 , , , 7960 8293 21 and and CC 7960 8293 22 other other JJ 7960 8293 23 supernatural supernatural JJ 7960 8293 24 beings being NNS 7960 8293 25 . . . 7960 8294 1 CHRISTIANIZATION christianization NN 7960 8294 2 OF of IN 7960 8294 3 THE the DT 7960 8294 4 NORTHMEN NORTHMEN NNP 7960 8294 5 Christianity Christianity NNP 7960 8294 6 first first RB 7960 8294 7 gained gain VBD 7960 8294 8 a a DT 7960 8294 9 foothold foothold NN 7960 8294 10 in in IN 7960 8294 11 Denmark Denmark NNP 7960 8294 12 through through IN 7960 8294 13 the the DT 7960 8294 14 work work NN 7960 8294 15 of of IN 7960 8294 16 Roman roman JJ 7960 8294 17 Catholic catholic JJ 7960 8294 18 missionaries missionary NNS 7960 8294 19 sent send VBN 7960 8294 20 out out RP 7960 8294 21 by by IN 7960 8294 22 Charlemagne Charlemagne NNP 7960 8294 23 's 's POS 7960 8294 24 son son NN 7960 8294 25 , , , 7960 8294 26 Louis Louis NNP 7960 8294 27 the the DT 7960 8294 28 Pious Pious NNP 7960 8294 29 . . . 7960 8295 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 8295 2 8 8 CD 7960 8295 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 8295 4 Two two CD 7960 8295 5 centuries century NNS 7960 8295 6 elapsed elapse VBN 7960 8295 7 before before IN 7960 8295 8 the the DT 7960 8295 9 Danes Danes NNPS 7960 8295 10 were be VBD 7960 8295 11 completely completely RB 7960 8295 12 converted convert VBN 7960 8295 13 . . . 7960 8296 1 From from IN 7960 8296 2 Denmark Denmark NNP 7960 8296 3 the the DT 7960 8296 4 new new JJ 7960 8296 5 faith faith NN 7960 8296 6 spread spread VBD 7960 8296 7 to to IN 7960 8296 8 Sweden Sweden NNP 7960 8296 9 . . . 7960 8297 1 Norway Norway NNP 7960 8297 2 owed owe VBD 7960 8297 3 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8297 4 conversion conversion NN 7960 8297 5 largely largely RB 7960 8297 6 to to IN 7960 8297 7 the the DT 7960 8297 8 crusading crusade VBG 7960 8297 9 work work NN 7960 8297 10 of of IN 7960 8297 11 King King NNP 7960 8297 12 Olaf Olaf NNP 7960 8297 13 ( ( -LRB- 7960 8297 14 1016 1016 CD 7960 8297 15 - - SYM 7960 8297 16 1029 1029 CD 7960 8297 17 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 8297 18 ) ) -RRB- 7960 8297 19 , , , 7960 8297 20 whose whose WP$ 7960 8297 21 zeal zeal NN 7960 8297 22 for for IN 7960 8297 23 Christianity Christianity NNP 7960 8297 24 won win VBD 7960 8297 25 him -PRON- PRP 7960 8297 26 the the DT 7960 8297 27 title title NN 7960 8297 28 of of IN 7960 8297 29 Olaf Olaf NNP 7960 8297 30 the the DT 7960 8297 31 Saint Saint NNP 7960 8297 32 . . . 7960 8298 1 The the DT 7960 8298 2 Norwegians Norwegians NNPS 7960 8298 3 carried carry VBD 7960 8298 4 Christianity Christianity NNP 7960 8298 5 to to IN 7960 8298 6 Iceland Iceland NNP 7960 8298 7 , , , 7960 8298 8 where where WRB 7960 8298 9 it -PRON- PRP 7960 8298 10 supplanted supplant VBD 7960 8298 11 the the DT 7960 8298 12 old old JJ 7960 8298 13 heathenism heathenism NN 7960 8298 14 in in IN 7960 8298 15 the the DT 7960 8298 16 year year NN 7960 8298 17 1000 1000 CD 7960 8298 18 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 8298 19 With with IN 7960 8298 20 the the DT 7960 8298 21 general general JJ 7960 8298 22 adoption adoption NN 7960 8298 23 of of IN 7960 8298 24 the the DT 7960 8298 25 Christian christian JJ 7960 8298 26 religion religion NN 7960 8298 27 in in IN 7960 8298 28 Scandinavian scandinavian JJ 7960 8298 29 lands land NNS 7960 8298 30 , , , 7960 8298 31 the the DT 7960 8298 32 Viking Viking NNP 7960 8298 33 Age Age NNP 7960 8298 34 drew draw VBD 7960 8298 35 to to IN 7960 8298 36 an an DT 7960 8298 37 end end NN 7960 8298 38 . . . 7960 8299 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 8299 2 Illustration illustration NN 7960 8299 3 : : : 7960 8299 4 NORSE NORSE VBN 7960 8299 5 METAL metal NN 7960 8299 6 WORK work NN 7960 8299 7 ( ( -LRB- 7960 8299 8 Museum Museum NNP 7960 8299 9 , , , 7960 8299 10 Copenhagen Copenhagen NNP 7960 8299 11 ) ) -RRB- 7960 8299 12 A a DT 7960 8299 13 door door NN 7960 8299 14 from from IN 7960 8299 15 a a DT 7960 8299 16 church church NN 7960 8299 17 in in IN 7960 8299 18 Iceland Iceland NNP 7960 8299 19 ; ; : 7960 8299 20 date date NN 7960 8299 21 , , , 7960 8299 22 tenth tenth JJ 7960 8299 23 or or CC 7960 8299 24 eleventh eleventh JJ 7960 8299 25 century century NN 7960 8299 26 . . . 7960 8300 1 The the DT 7960 8300 2 iron iron NN 7960 8300 3 knob knob NN 7960 8300 4 is be VBZ 7960 8300 5 inlaid inlay VBN 7960 8300 6 with with IN 7960 8300 7 silver silver NN 7960 8300 8 . . . 7960 8301 1 The the DT 7960 8301 2 slaying slaying NN 7960 8301 3 of of IN 7960 8301 4 a a DT 7960 8301 5 dragon dragon NN 7960 8301 6 is be VBZ 7960 8301 7 represented represent VBN 7960 8301 8 above above IN 7960 8301 9 and and CC 7960 8301 10 below below RB 7960 8301 11 is be VBZ 7960 8301 12 shown show VBN 7960 8301 13 the the DT 7960 8301 14 Midgard Midgard NNP 7960 8301 15 serpent serpent NN 7960 8301 16 . . . 7960 8301 17 ] ] -RRB- 7960 8302 1 141 141 CD 7960 8302 2 . . . 7960 8303 1 THE the DT 7960 8303 2 NORTHMEN NORTHMEN NNP 7960 8303 3 IN in IN 7960 8303 4 THE the DT 7960 8303 5 WEST west NN 7960 8303 6 CAUSES cause NNS 7960 8303 7 OF of IN 7960 8303 8 THE the DT 7960 8303 9 VIKING VIKING NNP 7960 8303 10 MOVEMENT movement XX 7960 8303 11 The the DT 7960 8303 12 Northmen Northmen NNP 7960 8303 13 were be VBD 7960 8303 14 still still RB 7960 8303 15 heathen heathen JJ 7960 8303 16 when when WRB 7960 8303 17 they -PRON- PRP 7960 8303 18 set set VBD 7960 8303 19 forth forth RP 7960 8303 20 on on IN 7960 8303 21 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8303 22 expeditions expedition NNS 7960 8303 23 of of IN 7960 8303 24 plunder plunder NN 7960 8303 25 and and CC 7960 8303 26 conquest conquest VBP 7960 8303 27 . . . 7960 8304 1 Doubtless doubtless RB 7960 8304 2 the the DT 7960 8304 3 principal principal JJ 7960 8304 4 cause cause NN 7960 8304 5 of of IN 7960 8304 6 this this DT 7960 8304 7 Viking Viking NNP 7960 8304 8 movement movement NN 7960 8304 9 is be VBZ 7960 8304 10 to to TO 7960 8304 11 be be VB 7960 8304 12 sought seek VBN 7960 8304 13 in in IN 7960 8304 14 the the DT 7960 8304 15 same same JJ 7960 8304 16 hunger hunger NN 7960 8304 17 for for IN 7960 8304 18 land land NN 7960 8304 19 which which WDT 7960 8304 20 prompted prompt VBD 7960 8304 21 the the DT 7960 8304 22 Germanic germanic JJ 7960 8304 23 invasions invasion NNS 7960 8304 24 and and CC 7960 8304 25 , , , 7960 8304 26 in in IN 7960 8304 27 fact fact NN 7960 8304 28 , , , 7960 8304 29 has have VBZ 7960 8304 30 led lead VBN 7960 8304 31 to to IN 7960 8304 32 colonial colonial JJ 7960 8304 33 expansion expansion NN 7960 8304 34 in in IN 7960 8304 35 all all DT 7960 8304 36 ages age NNS 7960 8304 37 . . . 7960 8305 1 By by IN 7960 8305 2 the the DT 7960 8305 3 ninth ninth JJ 7960 8305 4 century century NN 7960 8305 5 Scandinavia Scandinavia NNP 7960 8305 6 could could MD 7960 8305 7 no no RB 7960 8305 8 longer longer RB 7960 8305 9 support support VB 7960 8305 10 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8305 11 rapidly rapidly RB 7960 8305 12 growing grow VBG 7960 8305 13 population population NN 7960 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8308 25 in in IN 7960 8308 26 hope hope NN 7960 8308 27 of of IN 7960 8308 28 gain gain NN 7960 8308 29 . . . 7960 8309 1 RAIDS RAIDS NNP 7960 8309 2 OF of IN 7960 8309 3 THE the DT 7960 8309 4 NORTHMEN NORTHMEN NNP 7960 8309 5 The the DT 7960 8309 6 Northmen Northmen NNP 7960 8309 7 started start VBD 7960 8309 8 out out RP 7960 8309 9 as as IN 7960 8309 10 pirates pirate NNS 7960 8309 11 and and CC 7960 8309 12 fell fall VBD 7960 8309 13 on on IN 7960 8309 14 the the DT 7960 8309 15 coasts coast NNS 7960 8309 16 of of IN 7960 8309 17 England England NNP 7960 8309 18 , , , 7960 8309 19 France France NNP 7960 8309 20 , , , 7960 8309 21 and and CC 7960 8309 22 Germany Germany NNP 7960 8309 23 . . . 7960 8310 1 In in IN 7960 8310 2 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8310 3 shallow shallow JJ 7960 8310 4 boats boat NNS 7960 8310 5 they -PRON- PRP 7960 8310 6 also also RB 7960 8310 7 found find VBD 7960 8310 8 it -PRON- PRP 7960 8310 9 easy easy JJ 7960 8310 10 to to TO 7960 8310 11 ascend ascend VB 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raid NNS 7960 8312 3 inspired inspire VBD 7960 8312 4 such such JJ 7960 8312 5 great great JJ 7960 8312 6 terror terror NN 7960 8312 7 that that IN 7960 8312 8 a a DT 7960 8312 9 special special JJ 7960 8312 10 prayer prayer NN 7960 8312 11 was be VBD 7960 8312 12 inserted insert VBN 7960 8312 13 in in IN 7960 8312 14 the the DT 7960 8312 15 church church NN 7960 8312 16 services service NNS 7960 8312 17 : : : 7960 8312 18 " " `` 7960 8312 19 From from IN 7960 8312 20 the the DT 7960 8312 21 fury fury NN 7960 8312 22 of of IN 7960 8312 23 the the DT 7960 8312 24 Northmen Northmen NNP 7960 8312 25 , , , 7960 8312 26 good good JJ 7960 8312 27 Lord Lord NNP 7960 8312 28 , , , 7960 8312 29 deliver deliver VB 7960 8312 30 us -PRON- PRP 7960 8312 31 . . . 7960 8312 32 " " '' 7960 8313 1 THE the DT 7960 8313 2 NORTHMEN NORTHMEN NNP 7960 8313 3 IN in IN 7960 8313 4 IRELAND IRELAND NNP 7960 8313 5 , , , 7960 8313 6 SCOTLAND SCOTLAND NNP 7960 8313 7 , , , 7960 8313 8 AND and CC 7960 8313 9 THE 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their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8314 11 attacks attack NNS 7960 8314 12 changed change VBN 7960 8314 13 from from IN 7960 8314 14 mere mere JJ 7960 8314 15 forays foray NNS 7960 8314 16 of of IN 7960 8314 17 pirates pirate NNS 7960 8314 18 to to IN 7960 8314 19 well well RB 7960 8314 20 - - HYPH 7960 8314 21 organized organize VBN 7960 8314 22 expeditions expedition NNS 7960 8314 23 of of IN 7960 8314 24 conquest conquest NN 7960 8314 25 and and CC 7960 8314 26 colonization colonization NN 7960 8314 27 . . . 7960 8315 1 Early early RB 7960 8315 2 in in IN 7960 8315 3 the the DT 7960 8315 4 ninth ninth JJ 7960 8315 5 century century NN 7960 8315 6 we -PRON- PRP 7960 8315 7 find find VBP 7960 8315 8 them -PRON- PRP 7960 8315 9 making make VBG 7960 8315 10 permanent permanent JJ 7960 8315 11 settlements settlement NNS 7960 8315 12 in in IN 7960 8315 13 Ireland Ireland NNP 7960 8315 14 , , , 7960 8315 15 and and CC 7960 8315 16 for for IN 7960 8315 17 a a DT 7960 8315 18 time time NN 7960 8315 19 bringing bring VBG 7960 8315 20 a a DT 7960 8315 21 considerable considerable JJ 7960 8315 22 part part NN 7960 8315 23 of of IN 7960 8315 24 that that DT 7960 8315 25 country country NN 7960 8315 26 under under IN 7960 8315 27 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8315 28 control control NN 7960 8315 29 . . . 7960 8316 1 The the DT 7960 8316 2 first first JJ 7960 8316 3 cities city NNS 7960 8316 4 on on IN 7960 8316 5 Irish irish JJ 7960 8316 6 soil soil NN 7960 8316 7 , , , 7960 8316 8 including include VBG 7960 8316 9 Dublin Dublin NNP 7960 8316 10 and and CC 7960 8316 11 Limerick Limerick NNP 7960 8316 12 , , , 7960 8316 13 were be VBD 7960 8316 14 founded found VBN 7960 8316 15 by by IN 7960 8316 16 the the DT 7960 8316 17 Northmen Northmen NNP 7960 8316 18 . . . 7960 8317 1 Almost almost RB 7960 8317 2 simultaneously simultaneously RB 7960 8317 3 with with IN 7960 8317 4 the the DT 7960 8317 5 attacks attack NNS 7960 8317 6 on on IN 7960 8317 7 Ireland Ireland NNP 7960 8317 8 came come VBD 7960 8317 9 those those DT 7960 8317 10 on on IN 7960 8317 11 the the DT 7960 8317 12 western western JJ 7960 8317 13 coast coast NN 7960 8317 14 of of IN 7960 8317 15 Scotland Scotland NNP 7960 8317 16 . . . 7960 8318 1 In in IN 7960 8318 2 the the DT 7960 8318 3 course course NN 7960 8318 4 of of IN 7960 8318 5 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8318 6 westward westward JJ 7960 8318 7 expeditions expedition NNS 7960 8318 8 the the DT 7960 8318 9 Northmen Northmen NNP 7960 8318 10 had have VBD 7960 8318 11 already already RB 7960 8318 12 discovered discover VBN 7960 8318 13 the the DT 7960 8318 14 Faroe Faroe NNP 7960 8318 15 Islands Islands NNPS 7960 8318 16 , , , 7960 8318 17 the the DT 7960 8318 18 Orkneys Orkneys NNPS 7960 8318 19 , , , 7960 8318 20 the the DT 7960 8318 21 Shetlands Shetlands NNPS 7960 8318 22 and and CC 7960 8318 23 the the DT 7960 8318 24 Hebrides Hebrides NNPS 7960 8318 25 . . . 7960 8319 1 These these DT 7960 8319 2 barren barren JJ 7960 8319 3 and and CC 7960 8319 4 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A.D. NNP 7960 8321 6 [ [ -LRB- 7960 8321 7 9 9 CD 7960 8321 8 ] ] -RRB- 7960 8321 9 One one CD 7960 8321 10 of of IN 7960 8321 11 the the DT 7960 8321 12 most most RBS 7960 8321 13 valuable valuable JJ 7960 8321 14 of of IN 7960 8321 15 the the DT 7960 8321 16 sagas sagas NN 7960 8321 17 -- -- : 7960 8321 18 the the DT 7960 8321 19 " " `` 7960 8321 20 Book Book NNP 7960 8321 21 of of IN 7960 8321 22 the the DT 7960 8321 23 Land Land NNP 7960 8321 24 - - HYPH 7960 8321 25 taking"--describes taking"--describes NNP 7960 8321 26 the the DT 7960 8321 27 emigration emigration NN 7960 8321 28 to to IN 7960 8321 29 the the DT 7960 8321 30 island island NN 7960 8321 31 and and CC 7960 8321 32 enumerates enumerate VBZ 7960 8321 33 the the DT 7960 8321 34 Viking Viking NNP 7960 8321 35 chiefs chief NNS 7960 8321 36 who who WP 7960 8321 37 took take VBD 7960 8321 38 part part NN 7960 8321 39 in in IN 7960 8321 40 the the DT 7960 8321 41 movement movement NN 7960 8321 42 . . . 7960 8322 1 Iceland Iceland NNP 7960 8322 2 soon soon RB 7960 8322 3 became become VBD 7960 8322 4 almost almost RB 7960 8322 5 a a DT 7960 8322 6 second second JJ 7960 8322 7 Norway Norway NNP 7960 8322 8 in in IN 7960 8322 9 language language NN 7960 8322 10 , , , 7960 8322 11 literature literature NN 7960 8322 12 , , , 7960 8322 13 and and CC 7960 8322 14 customs custom NNS 7960 8322 15 . . . 7960 8323 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 8323 2 remains remain VBZ 7960 8323 3 to to IN 7960 8323 4 - 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8349 50 " " '' 7960 8350 1 The the DT 7960 8350 2 Swedes Swedes NNPS 7960 8350 3 were be VBD 7960 8350 4 not not RB 7960 8350 5 slow slow JJ 7960 8350 6 to to TO 7960 8350 7 accept accept VB 7960 8350 8 the the DT 7960 8350 9 invitation invitation NN 7960 8350 10 . . . 7960 8351 1 Their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8351 2 leader leader NN 7960 8351 3 , , , 7960 8351 4 Ruric Ruric NNP 7960 8351 5 , , , 7960 8351 6 established establish VBD 7960 8351 7 a a DT 7960 8351 8 dynasty dynasty NN 7960 8351 9 which which WDT 7960 8351 10 reigned reign VBD 7960 8351 11 in in IN 7960 8351 12 Russia Russia NNP 7960 8351 13 for for IN 7960 8351 14 more more JJR 7960 8351 15 than than IN 7960 8351 16 seven seven CD 7960 8351 17 hundred hundred CD 7960 8351 18 years year NNS 7960 8351 19 . . . 7960 8352 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 8352 2 10 10 CD 7960 8352 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 8352 4 NOVGOROD NOVGOROD NNPS 7960 8352 5 AND and CC 7960 8352 6 KIEV KIEV NNP 7960 8352 7 The the DT 7960 8352 8 first first JJ 7960 8352 9 Russian 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14 truly truly RB 7960 8359 15 European european JJ 7960 8359 16 state state NN 7960 8359 17 . . . 7960 8360 1 THE the DT 7960 8360 2 NORTHMEN NORTHMEN NNP 7960 8360 3 AND and CC 7960 8360 4 THE the DT 7960 8360 5 ROMAN ROMAN NNP 7960 8360 6 EMPIRE empire NN 7960 8360 7 IN in IN 7960 8360 8 THE the DT 7960 8360 9 EAST EAST NNP 7960 8360 10 Having have VBG 7960 8360 11 penetrated penetrate VBN 7960 8360 12 the the DT 7960 8360 13 wilds wild NNS 7960 8360 14 of of IN 7960 8360 15 Russia Russia NNP 7960 8360 16 , , , 7960 8360 17 it -PRON- PRP 7960 8360 18 was be VBD 7960 8360 19 comparatively comparatively RB 7960 8360 20 easy easy JJ 7960 8360 21 for for IN 7960 8360 22 the the DT 7960 8360 23 Northmen Northmen NNP 7960 8360 24 to to TO 7960 8360 25 sail sail VB 7960 8360 26 down down RP 7960 8360 27 the the DT 7960 8360 28 Russian russian JJ 7960 8360 29 rivers river NNS 7960 8360 30 to to IN 7960 8360 31 the the DT 7960 8360 32 Black Black NNP 7960 8360 33 Sea Sea NNP 7960 8360 34 and and CC 7960 8360 35 thence thence NN 7960 8360 36 to to IN 7960 8360 37 Constantinople Constantinople NNP 7960 8360 38 . . . 7960 8361 1 Some some DT 7960 8361 2 of of IN 7960 8361 3 them -PRON- PRP 7960 8361 4 went go VBD 7960 8361 5 as as IN 7960 8361 6 raiders raider NNS 7960 8361 7 and and CC 7960 8361 8 several several JJ 7960 8361 9 times time NNS 7960 8361 10 devastated devastate VBD 7960 8361 11 the the DT 7960 8361 12 neighborhood neighborhood NN 7960 8361 13 of of IN 7960 8361 14 Constantinople Constantinople NNP 7960 8361 15 , , , 7960 8361 16 until until IN 7960 8361 17 bought buy VBD 7960 8361 18 off off RP 7960 8361 19 by by IN 7960 8361 20 the the DT 7960 8361 21 payment payment NN 7960 8361 22 of of IN 7960 8361 23 tribute tribute NN 7960 8361 24 . . . 7960 8362 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 8362 2 12 12 CD 7960 8362 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 8362 4 Many many JJ 7960 8362 5 Northmen Northmen NNP 7960 8362 6 also also RB 7960 8362 7 joined join VBD 7960 8362 8 the the DT 7960 8362 9 bodyguard bodyguard NN 7960 8362 10 of of IN 7960 8362 11 the the DT 7960 8362 12 eastern eastern JJ 7960 8362 13 emperor emperor NNP 7960 8362 14 and and CC 7960 8362 15 saw see VBD 7960 8362 16 service service NN 7960 8362 17 under under IN 7960 8362 18 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8362 19 standard standard NN 7960 8362 20 in in IN 7960 8362 21 different different JJ 7960 8362 22 parts part NNS 7960 8362 23 of of IN 7960 8362 24 the the DT 7960 8362 25 Mediterranean Mediterranean NNP 7960 8362 26 . . . 7960 8363 1 CHRISTIANITY CHRISTIANITY NNP 7960 8363 2 IN in IN 7960 8363 3 RUSSIA RUSSIA NNP 7960 8363 4 , , , 7960 8363 5 988 988 CD 7960 8363 6 A.D. a.d. NN 7960 8363 7 During during IN 7960 8363 8 the the DT 7960 8363 9 reign reign NN 7960 8363 10 of of IN 7960 8363 11 Vladimir Vladimir NNP 7960 8363 12 , , , 7960 8363 13 a a DT 7960 8363 14 descendant descendant NN 7960 8363 15 of of IN 7960 8363 16 Ruric Ruric NNP 7960 8363 17 , , , 7960 8363 18 the the DT 7960 8363 19 Christian christian JJ 7960 8363 20 religion religion NN 7960 8363 21 gained gain VBD 7960 8363 22 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8363 23 first first JJ 7960 8363 24 foothold foothold NN 7960 8363 25 in in IN 7960 8363 26 Russia Russia NNP 7960 8363 27 . . . 7960 8364 1 We -PRON- PRP 7960 8364 2 are be VBP 7960 8364 3 told tell VBN 7960 8364 4 that that IN 7960 8364 5 Vladimir Vladimir NNP 7960 8364 6 , , , 7960 8364 7 having have VBG 7960 8364 8 made make VBN 7960 8364 9 up up RP 7960 8364 10 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8364 11 mind mind NN 7960 8364 12 to to TO 7960 8364 13 embrace embrace VB 7960 8364 14 a a DT 7960 8364 15 new new JJ 7960 8364 16 faith faith NN 7960 8364 17 , , , 7960 8364 18 sent send VBD 7960 8364 19 commissioners commissioner NNS 7960 8364 20 to to IN 7960 8364 21 Rome Rome NNP 7960 8364 22 and and CC 7960 8364 23 Constantinople Constantinople NNP 7960 8364 24 , , , 7960 8364 25 and and CC 7960 8364 26 also also RB 7960 8364 27 to to IN 7960 8364 28 the the DT 7960 8364 29 adherents adherent NNS 7960 8364 30 of of IN 7960 8364 31 Islam Islam NNP 7960 8364 32 and and CC 7960 8364 33 Judaism Judaism NNP 7960 8364 34 . . . 7960 8365 1 His -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8365 2 envoys envoy NNS 7960 8365 3 reported report VBN 7960 8365 4 in in IN 7960 8365 5 favor favor NN 7960 8365 6 of of IN 7960 8365 7 the the DT 7960 8365 8 Greek Greek NNP 7960 8365 9 Church Church NNP 7960 8365 10 , , , 7960 8365 11 for for IN 7960 8365 12 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8365 13 barbarian barbarian JJ 7960 8365 14 imagination imagination NN 7960 8365 15 had have VBD 7960 8365 16 been be VBN 7960 8365 17 so so RB 7960 8365 18 impressed impressed JJ 7960 8365 19 by by IN 7960 8365 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8366 14 into into IN 7960 8366 15 the the DT 7960 8366 16 Dnieper dnieper NN 7960 8366 17 , , , 7960 8366 18 and and CC 7960 8366 19 had have VBD 7960 8366 20 himself -PRON- PRP 7960 8366 21 and and CC 7960 8366 22 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8366 23 people people NNS 7960 8366 24 baptized baptize VBD 7960 8366 25 according accord VBG 7960 8366 26 to to IN 7960 8366 27 the the DT 7960 8366 28 rites rite NNS 7960 8366 29 of of IN 7960 8366 30 the the DT 7960 8366 31 Greek Greek NNP 7960 8366 32 Church Church NNP 7960 8366 33 . . . 7960 8367 1 At at IN 7960 8367 2 the the DT 7960 8367 3 same same JJ 7960 8367 4 time time NN 7960 8367 5 he -PRON- PRP 7960 8367 6 married marry VBD 7960 8367 7 a a DT 7960 8367 8 sister sister NN 7960 8367 9 of of IN 7960 8367 10 the the DT 7960 8367 11 reigning reign VBG 7960 8367 12 emperor emperor NN 7960 8367 13 at at IN 7960 8367 14 Constantinople Constantinople NNP 7960 8367 15 . . . 7960 8368 1 IMPORTANCE importance NN 7960 8368 2 OF of IN 7960 8368 3 THE the DT 7960 8368 4 CONVERSION CONVERSION NNP 7960 8368 5 OF of IN 7960 8368 6 RUSSIA RUSSIA NNP 7960 8368 7 Vladimir Vladimir NNP 7960 8368 8 's 's POS 7960 8368 9 decision decision NN 7960 8368 10 to to TO 7960 8368 11 adopt adopt VB 7960 8368 12 the the DT 7960 8368 13 Greek greek JJ 7960 8368 14 form form NN 7960 8368 15 of of IN 7960 8368 16 Christianity Christianity NNP 7960 8368 17 is be VBZ 7960 8368 18 justly justly RB 7960 8368 19 regarded regard VBN 7960 8368 20 as as IN 7960 8368 21 one one CD 7960 8368 22 of of IN 7960 8368 23 the the DT 7960 8368 24 formative formative JJ 7960 8368 25 influences influence NNS 7960 8368 26 in in IN 7960 8368 27 Russian russian JJ 7960 8368 28 history history NN 7960 8368 29 . . . 7960 8369 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 8369 2 meant mean VBD 7960 8369 3 that that IN 7960 8369 4 the the DT 7960 8369 5 Slavs Slavs NNP 7960 8369 6 were be VBD 7960 8369 7 to to TO 7960 8369 8 come come VB 7960 8369 9 under under IN 7960 8369 10 the the DT 7960 8369 11 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7960 8370 25 entrance entrance NN 7960 8370 26 into into IN 7960 8370 27 Russia Russia NNP 7960 8370 28 . . . 7960 8371 1 The the DT 7960 8371 2 country country NN 7960 8371 3 profited profit VBN 7960 8371 4 by by IN 7960 8371 5 this this DT 7960 8371 6 rich rich JJ 7960 8371 7 civilization civilization NN 7960 8371 8 and and CC 7960 8371 9 during during IN 7960 8371 10 the the DT 7960 8371 11 early early JJ 7960 8371 12 part part NN 7960 8371 13 of of IN 7960 8371 14 the the DT 7960 8371 15 Middle Middle NNP 7960 8371 16 Ages Ages NNPS 7960 8371 17 took take VBD 7960 8371 18 a a DT 7960 8371 19 foremost foremost JJ 7960 8371 20 place place NN 7960 8371 21 in in IN 7960 8371 22 Europe Europe NNP 7960 8371 23 . . . 7960 8372 1 CHARLEMAGNE CHARLEMAGNE NNP 7960 8372 2 AND and CC 7960 8372 3 THE the DT 7960 8372 4 NORTHMEN NORTHMEN NNP 7960 8372 5 No no DT 7960 8372 6 part part NN 7960 8372 7 of of IN 7960 8372 8 western western JJ 7960 8372 9 Europe Europe NNP 7960 8372 10 suffered suffer 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palace NN 7960 8374 16 once once RB 7960 8374 17 saw see VBD 7960 8374 18 the the DT 7960 8374 19 dark dark JJ 7960 8374 20 sails sail NNS 7960 8374 21 of of IN 7960 8374 22 the the DT 7960 8374 23 Vikings Vikings NNPS 7960 8374 24 and and CC 7960 8374 25 wept weep VBD 7960 8374 26 at at IN 7960 8374 27 the the DT 7960 8374 28 thought thought NN 7960 8374 29 of of IN 7960 8374 30 the the DT 7960 8374 31 misery misery NN 7960 8374 32 which which WDT 7960 8374 33 these these DT 7960 8374 34 daring dare VBG 7960 8374 35 pirates pirate NNS 7960 8374 36 would would MD 7960 8374 37 some some DT 7960 8374 38 day day NN 7960 8374 39 inflict inflict VB 7960 8374 40 upon upon IN 7960 8374 41 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8374 42 realm realm NN 7960 8374 43 . . . 7960 8375 1 THE the DT 7960 8375 2 NORTHMEN NORTHMEN NNP 7960 8375 3 IN in IN 7960 8375 4 FRANCE FRANCE NNP 7960 8375 5 After after IN 7960 8375 6 Charlemagne Charlemagne NNP 7960 8375 7 's 's POS 7960 8375 8 death death NN 7960 8375 9 the the DT 7960 8375 10 wars war NNS 7960 8375 11 of of IN 7960 8375 12 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8375 13 grandsons grandson NNS 7960 8375 14 left leave VBD 7960 8375 15 the the DT 7960 8375 16 empire empire NN 7960 8375 17 defenseless defenseless JJ 7960 8375 18 , , , 7960 8375 19 and and CC 7960 8375 20 the the DT 7960 8375 21 Northmen Northmen NNP 7960 8375 22 in in IN 7960 8375 23 consequence consequence NNP 7960 8375 24 redoubled redouble VBD 7960 8375 25 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8375 26 attacks attack NNS 7960 8375 27 . . . 7960 8376 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 8376 2 sailed sail VBD 7960 8376 3 far far RB 7960 8376 4 up up IN 7960 8376 5 the the DT 7960 8376 6 Seine seine NN 7960 8376 7 , , , 7960 8376 8 the the DT 7960 8376 9 Loire Loire NNP 7960 8376 10 , , , 7960 8376 11 and and CC 7960 8376 12 the the DT 7960 8376 13 Garonne Garonne NNP 7960 8376 14 to to TO 7960 8376 15 plunder plunder VB 7960 8376 16 and and CC 7960 8376 17 murder murder VB 7960 8376 18 . . . 7960 8377 1 Paris Paris NNP 7960 8377 2 , , , 7960 8377 3 then then RB 7960 8377 4 a a DT 7960 8377 5 small small JJ 7960 8377 6 but but CC 7960 8377 7 important important JJ 7960 8377 8 city city NN 7960 8377 9 , , , 7960 8377 10 lay lie VBD 7960 8377 11 in in IN 7960 8377 12 the the DT 7960 8377 13 path path NN 7960 8377 14 of of IN 7960 8377 15 the the DT 7960 8377 16 invaders invader NNS 7960 8377 17 and and CC 7960 8377 18 more more JJR 7960 8377 19 than than IN 7960 8377 20 once once RB 7960 8377 21 suffered suffer VBN 7960 8377 22 at at IN 7960 8377 23 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8377 24 hands hand NNS 7960 8377 25 . . . 7960 8378 1 The the DT 7960 8378 2 destruction destruction NN 7960 8378 3 by by IN 7960 8378 4 the the DT 7960 8378 5 Northmen Northmen NNP 7960 8378 6 of of IN 7960 8378 7 many many JJ 7960 8378 8 monasteries monastery NNS 7960 8378 9 was be VBD 7960 8378 10 a a DT 7960 8378 11 loss loss NN 7960 8378 12 to to IN 7960 8378 13 civilization civilization NN 7960 8378 14 , , , 7960 8378 15 for for IN 7960 8378 16 the the DT 7960 8378 17 monastic monastic JJ 7960 8378 18 establishments establishment NNS 7960 8378 19 at at IN 7960 8378 20 this this DT 7960 8378 21 time time NN 7960 8378 22 were be VBD 7960 8378 23 the the DT 7960 8378 24 chief chief JJ 7960 8378 25 centers center NNS 7960 8378 26 of of IN 7960 8378 27 learning learning NN 7960 8378 28 and and CC 7960 8378 29 culture culture NN 7960 8378 30 . . . 7960 8379 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 8379 2 13 13 CD 7960 8379 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 8379 4 THE the DT 7960 8379 5 NORTHMEN NORTHMEN NNP 7960 8379 6 IN in IN 7960 8379 7 GERMANY GERMANY NNP 7960 8379 8 The the DT 7960 8379 9 heavy heavy JJ 7960 8379 10 hand hand NN 7960 8379 11 of of IN 7960 8379 12 the the DT 7960 8379 13 Northmen Northmen NNP 7960 8379 14 also also RB 7960 8379 15 descended descend VBD 7960 8379 16 on on IN 7960 8379 17 Germany Germany NNP 7960 8379 18 . . . 7960 8380 1 The the DT 7960 8380 2 rivers river NNS 7960 8380 3 Scheldt Scheldt NNP 7960 8380 4 , , , 7960 8380 5 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7960 8382 4 plundered plunder VBD 7960 8382 5 Aachen Aachen NNP 7960 8382 6 and and CC 7960 8382 7 stabled stable VBD 7960 8382 8 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8382 9 horses horse NNS 7960 8382 10 in in IN 7960 8382 11 the the DT 7960 8382 12 church church NN 7960 8382 13 which which WDT 7960 8382 14 Charlemagne Charlemagne NNP 7960 8382 15 had have VBD 7960 8382 16 built build VBN 7960 8382 17 there there RB 7960 8382 18 . . . 7960 8383 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 8383 2 14 14 CD 7960 8383 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 8383 4 Thus thus RB 7960 8383 5 the the DT 7960 8383 6 ancient ancient JJ 7960 8383 7 homeland homeland NN 7960 8383 8 of of IN 7960 8383 9 the the DT 7960 8383 10 Franks Franks NNP 7960 8383 11 was be VBD 7960 8383 12 laid lay VBN 7960 8383 13 completely completely RB 7960 8383 14 waste waste VB 7960 8383 15 . . . 7960 8384 1 ROLLO rollo NN 7960 8384 2 AND and CC 7960 8384 3 THE the DT 7960 8384 4 GRANT GRANT NNP 7960 8384 5 OF of IN 7960 8384 6 NORMANDY NORMANDY NNP 7960 8384 7 , , , 7960 8384 8 911 911 CD 7960 8384 9 A.D. a.d. NN 7960 8385 1 The the DT 7960 8385 2 history history NN 7960 8385 3 of of IN 7960 8385 4 the the DT 7960 8385 5 Northmen Northmen NNP 7960 8385 6 in in IN 7960 8385 7 France France NNP 7960 8385 8 began begin VBD 7960 8385 9 in in IN 7960 8385 10 911 911 CD 7960 8385 11 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 8385 12 , , , 7960 8385 13 when when WRB 7960 8385 14 the the DT 7960 8385 15 Carolingian carolingian JJ 7960 8385 16 king king NN 7960 8385 17 granted grant VBD 7960 8385 18 to to IN 7960 8385 19 a a DT 7960 8385 20 Viking Viking NNP 7960 8385 21 chieftain chieftain NN 7960 8385 22 , , , 7960 8385 23 Rollo rollo NN 7960 8385 24 , , , 7960 8385 25 dominion dominion NN 7960 8385 26 over over IN 7960 8385 27 the the DT 7960 8385 28 region region NN 7960 8385 29 about about IN 7960 8385 30 the the DT 7960 8385 31 lower low JJR 7960 8385 32 Seine seine NN 7960 8385 33 . . . 7960 8386 1 Rollo rollo VB 7960 8386 2 on on IN 7960 8386 3 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8386 4 part part NN 7960 8386 5 agreed agree VBD 7960 8386 6 to to TO 7960 8386 7 accept accept VB 7960 8386 8 Christianity Christianity NNP 7960 8386 9 and and CC 7960 8386 10 to to TO 7960 8386 11 acknowledge acknowledge VB 7960 8386 12 the the DT 7960 8386 13 French french JJ 7960 8386 14 ruler ruler NN 7960 8386 15 as as IN 7960 8386 16 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8386 17 lord lord NNP 7960 8386 18 . . . 7960 8387 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 8387 2 is be VBZ 7960 8387 3 said say VBN 7960 8387 4 , , , 7960 8387 5 however however RB 7960 8387 6 , , , 7960 8387 7 that that IN 7960 8387 8 he -PRON- PRP 7960 8387 9 would would MD 7960 8387 10 not not RB 7960 8387 11 kneel kneel VB 7960 8387 12 and and CC 7960 8387 13 kiss kiss VB 7960 8387 14 the the DT 7960 8387 15 king king NN 7960 8387 16 's 's POS 7960 8387 17 foot foot NN 7960 8387 18 as as IN 7960 8387 19 a a DT 7960 8387 20 mark mark NN 7960 8387 21 of of IN 7960 8387 22 homage homage NN 7960 8387 23 , , , 7960 8387 24 and and CC 7960 8387 25 that that IN 7960 8387 26 the the DT 7960 8387 27 follower follower NN 7960 8387 28 who who WP 7960 8387 29 performed perform VBD 7960 8387 30 the the DT 7960 8387 31 unwelcome unwelcome JJ 7960 8387 32 duty duty NN 7960 8387 33 did do VBD 7960 8387 34 it -PRON- PRP 7960 8387 35 so so RB 7960 8387 36 awkwardly awkwardly RB 7960 8387 37 as as IN 7960 8387 38 to to TO 7960 8387 39 overturn overturn VB 7960 8387 40 the the DT 7960 8387 41 king king NN 7960 8387 42 , , , 7960 8387 43 to to IN 7960 8387 44 the the DT 7960 8387 45 great great JJ 7960 8387 46 amusement amusement NN 7960 8387 47 of of IN 7960 8387 48 the the DT 7960 8387 49 assembled assemble VBN 7960 8387 50 Northmen Northmen NNP 7960 8387 51 . . . 7960 8388 1 The the DT 7960 8388 2 story story NN 7960 8388 3 illustrates illustrate VBZ 7960 8388 4 the the DT 7960 8388 5 Viking Viking NNP 7960 8388 6 sense sense NN 7960 8388 7 of of IN 7960 8388 8 independence independence NN 7960 8388 9 . . . 7960 8389 1 DUCHY duchy NN 7960 8389 2 OF of IN 7960 8389 3 NORMANDY NORMANDY NNP 7960 8389 4 The the DT 7960 8389 5 district district NN 7960 8389 6 ceded cede VBN 7960 8389 7 to to TO 7960 8389 8 Rollo Rollo NNP 7960 8389 9 developed develop VBN 7960 8389 10 into into IN 7960 8389 11 what what WP 7960 8389 12 in in IN 7960 8389 13 later later JJ 7960 8389 14 times time NNS 7960 8389 15 was be VBD 7960 8389 16 known know VBN 7960 8389 17 as as IN 7960 8389 18 the the DT 7960 8389 19 duchy duchy NN 7960 8389 20 of of IN 7960 8389 21 Normandy Normandy NNP 7960 8389 22 . . . 7960 8390 1 Its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8390 2 Scandinavian scandinavian JJ 7960 8390 3 settlers settler NNS 7960 8390 4 , , , 7960 8390 5 henceforth henceforth RB 7960 8390 6 called call VBN 7960 8390 7 Normans Normans NNPS 7960 8390 8 , , , 7960 8390 9 [ [ -LRB- 7960 8390 10 15 15 CD 7960 8390 11 ] ] -RRB- 7960 8390 12 soon soon RB 7960 8390 13 became become VBD 7960 8390 14 French french JJ 7960 8390 15 in in IN 7960 8390 16 language language NN 7960 8390 17 and and CC 7960 8390 18 culture culture NN 7960 8390 19 . . . 7960 8391 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 8391 2 was be VBD 7960 8391 3 amazing amazing JJ 7960 8391 4 to to TO 7960 8391 5 see see VB 7960 8391 6 how how WRB 7960 8391 7 quickly quickly RB 7960 8391 8 the the DT 7960 8391 9 descendants descendant NNS 7960 8391 10 of of IN 7960 8391 11 wild wild JJ 7960 8391 12 sea sea NN 7960 8391 13 - 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NN 7960 8397 11 His -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8397 12 descendants descendant NNS 7960 8397 13 reigned reign VBD 7960 8397 14 over over IN 7960 8397 15 France France NNP 7960 8397 16 for for IN 7960 8397 17 almost almost RB 7960 8397 18 exactly exactly RB 7960 8397 19 eight eight CD 7960 8397 20 hundred hundred CD 7960 8397 21 years year NNS 7960 8397 22 . . . 7960 8398 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 8398 2 18 18 CD 7960 8398 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 8398 4 * * NFP 7960 8398 5 * * NFP 7960 8398 6 * * NFP 7960 8398 7 * * NFP 7960 8398 8 * * NFP 7960 8398 9 144 144 CD 7960 8398 10 . . . 7960 8399 1 CONQUEST conquest NN 7960 8399 2 OF of IN 7960 8399 3 ENGLAND ENGLAND NNP 7960 8399 4 BY by IN 7960 8399 5 THE the DT 7960 8399 6 DANES dane NNS 7960 8399 7 ; ; : 7960 8399 8 ALFRED ALFRED NNP 7960 8399 9 THE the DT 7960 8399 10 GREAT great JJ 7960 8399 11 ENGLAND england NN 7960 8399 12 OVERRUN overrun IN 7960 8399 13 BY by IN 7960 8399 14 THE the DT 7960 8399 15 DANES dane NNS 7960 8399 16 Even even RB 7960 8399 17 before before IN 7960 8399 18 Egbert Egbert NNP 7960 8399 19 of of IN 7960 8399 20 Wessex Wessex NNP 7960 8399 21 succeeded succeed VBD 7960 8399 22 in in IN 7960 8399 23 uniting unite VBG 7960 8399 24 all all PDT 7960 8399 25 the the DT 7960 8399 26 Anglo Anglo NNP 7960 8399 27 - - HYPH 7960 8399 28 Saxon saxon NN 7960 8399 29 kingdoms kingdom NNS 7960 8399 30 , , , 7960 8399 31 [ [ -LRB- 7960 8399 32 19 19 CD 7960 8399 33 ] ] -RRB- 7960 8399 34 bands band NNS 7960 8399 35 of of IN 7960 8399 36 Vikings Vikings NNPS 7960 8399 37 , , , 7960 8399 38 chiefly chiefly RB 7960 8399 39 from from IN 7960 8399 40 Denmark Denmark NNP 7960 8399 41 , , , 7960 8399 42 had have VBD 7960 8399 43 made make VBN 7960 8399 44 occasional occasional JJ 7960 8399 45 forays foray NNS 7960 8399 46 on on IN 7960 8399 47 the the DT 7960 8399 48 English english JJ 7960 8399 49 coast coast NN 7960 8399 50 . . . 7960 8400 1 Egbert Egbert NNP 7960 8400 2 kept keep VBD 7960 8400 3 the the DT 7960 8400 4 Danes Danes NNPS 7960 8400 5 at at IN 7960 8400 6 bay bay NN 7960 8400 7 , , , 7960 8400 8 but but CC 7960 8400 9 he -PRON- PRP 7960 8400 10 died die VBD 7960 8400 11 in in IN 7960 8400 12 839 839 CD 7960 8400 13 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 8400 14 , , , 7960 8400 15 and and CC 7960 8400 16 from from IN 7960 8400 17 that that DT 7960 8400 18 time time NN 7960 8400 19 the the DT 7960 8400 20 real real JJ 7960 8400 21 invasion invasion NN 7960 8400 22 of of IN 7960 8400 23 England England NNP 7960 8400 24 began begin VBD 7960 8400 25 . . . 7960 8401 1 The the DT 7960 8401 2 Danes Danes NNPS 7960 8401 3 came come VBD 7960 8401 4 over over RB 7960 8401 5 in in IN 7960 8401 6 large large JJ 7960 8401 7 numbers number NNS 7960 8401 8 , , , 7960 8401 9 made make VBD 7960 8401 10 permanent permanent JJ 7960 8401 11 settlements settlement NNS 7960 8401 12 , , , 7960 8401 13 and and CC 7960 8401 14 soon soon RB 7960 8401 15 controlled control VBD 7960 8401 16 all all DT 7960 8401 17 England England NNP 7960 8401 18 north north NN 7960 8401 19 of of IN 7960 8401 20 the the DT 7960 8401 21 Thames Thames NNP 7960 8401 22 . . . 7960 8402 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 8402 2 Illustration illustration NN 7960 8402 3 : : : 7960 8402 4 ALFRED ALFRED NNP 7960 8402 5 THE the DT 7960 8402 6 GREAT great JJ 7960 8402 7 A a DT 7960 8402 8 lofty lofty JJ 7960 8402 9 bronze bronze NN 7960 8402 10 statue statue NN 7960 8402 11 by by IN 7960 8402 12 H. 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NNP 7960 8456 7 William William NNP 7960 8456 8 at at IN 7960 8456 9 first first RB 7960 8456 10 met meet VBD 7960 8456 11 no no DT 7960 8456 12 resistance resistance NN 7960 8456 13 . . . 7960 8457 1 Harold Harold NNP 7960 8457 2 was be VBD 7960 8457 3 far far RB 7960 8457 4 away away RB 7960 8457 5 in in IN 7960 8457 6 the the DT 7960 8457 7 north north NN 7960 8457 8 fighting fighting NN 7960 8457 9 against against IN 7960 8457 10 the the DT 7960 8457 11 Norwegians Norwegians NNPS 7960 8457 12 , , , 7960 8457 13 who who WP 7960 8457 14 had have VBD 7960 8457 15 seized seize VBN 7960 8457 16 the the DT 7960 8457 17 opportunity opportunity NN 7960 8457 18 to to TO 7960 8457 19 make make VB 7960 8457 20 another another DT 7960 8457 21 descent descent NN 7960 8457 22 on on IN 7960 8457 23 the the DT 7960 8457 24 English english JJ 7960 8457 25 coast coast NN 7960 8457 26 . . . 7960 8458 1 Harold Harold NNP 7960 8458 2 defeated defeat VBD 7960 8458 3 them -PRON- PRP 7960 8458 4 decisively decisively RB 7960 8458 5 and and CC 7960 8458 6 then then RB 7960 8458 7 hurried hurry VBD 7960 8458 8 southward southward RB 7960 8458 9 to to TO 7960 8458 10 face face VB 7960 8458 11 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8458 12 new new JJ 7960 8458 13 foe foe NN 7960 8458 14 . . . 7960 8459 1 The the DT 7960 8459 2 two two CD 7960 8459 3 armies army NNS 7960 8459 4 met meet VBD 7960 8459 5 near near IN 7960 8459 6 Hastings Hastings NNP 7960 8459 7 on on IN 7960 8459 8 the the DT 7960 8459 9 road road NN 7960 8459 10 to to IN 7960 8459 11 London London NNP 7960 8459 12 . . . 7960 8460 1 All all DT 7960 8460 2 day day NN 7960 8460 3 they -PRON- PRP 7960 8460 4 fought fight VBD 7960 8460 5 . . . 7960 8461 1 The the DT 7960 8461 2 stout stout JJ 7960 8461 3 English English NNP 7960 8461 4 infantry infantry NN 7960 8461 5 , , , 7960 8461 6 behind behind IN 7960 8461 7 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8461 8 wall wall NN 7960 8461 9 of of IN 7960 8461 10 shields shield NNS 7960 8461 11 , , , 7960 8461 12 threw throw VBD 7960 8461 13 back back RB 7960 8461 14 one one CD 7960 8461 15 charge charge NN 7960 8461 16 after after IN 7960 8461 17 another another DT 7960 8461 18 of of IN 7960 8461 19 the the DT 7960 8461 20 Norman Norman NNP 7960 8461 21 knights knight NNS 7960 8461 22 . . . 7960 8462 1 Again again RB 7960 8462 2 and and CC 7960 8462 3 again again RB 7960 8462 4 the the DT 7960 8462 5 duke duke NN 7960 8462 6 rallied rally VBD 7960 8462 7 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8462 8 men man NNS 7960 8462 9 and and CC 7960 8462 10 led lead VBD 7960 8462 11 them -PRON- PRP 7960 8462 12 where where WRB 7960 8462 13 the the DT 7960 8462 14 foe foe NN 7960 8462 15 was be VBD 7960 8462 16 thickest thickest DT 7960 8462 17 . . . 7960 8463 1 A a DT 7960 8463 2 cry cry NN 7960 8463 3 arose arise VBD 7960 8463 4 that that IN 7960 8463 5 he -PRON- PRP 7960 8463 6 was be VBD 7960 8463 7 slain slay VBN 7960 8463 8 . . . 7960 8464 1 " " `` 7960 8464 2 I -PRON- PRP 7960 8464 3 live live VBP 7960 8464 4 , , , 7960 8464 5 " " '' 7960 8464 6 shouted shout VBD 7960 8464 7 William William NNP 7960 8464 8 , , , 7960 8464 9 tearing tear VBG 7960 8464 10 off off RP 7960 8464 11 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8464 12 helmet helmet NN 7960 8464 13 that that IN 7960 8464 14 all all DT 7960 8464 15 might may MD 7960 8464 16 see see VB 7960 8464 17 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8464 18 face face NN 7960 8464 19 , , , 7960 8464 20 " " '' 7960 8464 21 and and CC 7960 8464 22 by by IN 7960 8464 23 God God NNP 7960 8464 24 's 's POS 7960 8464 25 help help NN 7960 8464 26 will will MD 7960 8464 27 conquer conquer VB 7960 8464 28 yet yet RB 7960 8464 29 . . . 7960 8464 30 " " '' 7960 8465 1 At at IN 7960 8465 2 last last JJ 7960 8465 3 , , , 7960 8465 4 with with IN 7960 8465 5 the the DT 7960 8465 6 approach approach NN 7960 8465 7 of of IN 7960 8465 8 evening evening NN 7960 8465 9 , , , 7960 8465 10 Harold Harold NNP 7960 8465 11 was be VBD 7960 8465 12 killed kill VBN 7960 8465 13 by by IN 7960 8465 14 an an DT 7960 8465 15 arrow arrow NN 7960 8465 16 ; 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A.D. NNP 7960 8471 7 , , , 7960 8471 8 in in IN 7960 8471 9 Westminster Westminster NNP 7960 8471 10 Abbey Abbey NNP 7960 8471 11 the the DT 7960 8471 12 duke duke NN 7960 8471 13 of of IN 7960 8471 14 Normandy Normandy NNP 7960 8471 15 was be VBD 7960 8471 16 crowned crown VBN 7960 8471 17 king king NN 7960 8471 18 of of IN 7960 8471 19 England England NNP 7960 8471 20 . . . 7960 8472 1 WILLIAM WILLIAM NNP 7960 8472 2 'S 's POS 7960 8472 3 PERSONALITY PERSONALITY NNS 7960 8472 4 What what WDT 7960 8472 5 manner manner NN 7960 8472 6 of of IN 7960 8472 7 man man NN 7960 8472 8 was be VBD 7960 8472 9 William William NNP 7960 8472 10 the the DT 7960 8472 11 Conqueror Conqueror NNP 7960 8472 12 ? ? . 7960 8473 1 Tall tall JJ 7960 8473 2 of of IN 7960 8473 3 stature stature NN 7960 8473 4 , , , 7960 8473 5 endowed endow VBN 7960 8473 6 with with IN 7960 8473 7 tremendous tremendous JJ 7960 8473 8 strength strength NN 7960 8473 9 , , , 7960 8473 10 and and CC 7960 8473 11 brave brave JJ 7960 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3 never never RB 7960 8477 4 shrank shrink VBD 7960 8477 5 from from IN 7960 8477 6 force force NN 7960 8477 7 or or CC 7960 8477 8 fraud fraud NN 7960 8477 9 , , , 7960 8477 10 from from IN 7960 8477 11 bloodshed bloodshed NN 7960 8477 12 or or CC 7960 8477 13 oppression oppression NN 7960 8477 14 , , , 7960 8477 15 to to TO 7960 8477 16 carry carry VB 7960 8477 17 out out RP 7960 8477 18 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8477 19 ends end NNS 7960 8477 20 , , , 7960 8477 21 he -PRON- PRP 7960 8477 22 yet yet RB 7960 8477 23 showed show VBD 7960 8477 24 himself -PRON- PRP 7960 8477 25 throughout throughout IN 7960 8477 26 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8477 27 reign reign NN 7960 8477 28 a a DT 7960 8477 29 patron patron NN 7960 8477 30 of of IN 7960 8477 31 learning learning NN 7960 8477 32 , , , 7960 8477 33 a a DT 7960 8477 34 sincere sincere JJ 7960 8477 35 supporter supporter NN 7960 8477 36 of of IN 7960 8477 37 the the DT 7960 8477 38 Church Church NNP 7960 8477 39 , , , 7960 8477 40 and and CC 7960 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7960 8529 12 the the DT 7960 8529 13 peoples people NNS 7960 8529 14 whom whom WP 7960 8529 15 they -PRON- PRP 7960 8529 16 subdued subdue VBD 7960 8529 17 . . . 7960 8530 1 Their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8530 2 rapid rapid JJ 7960 8530 3 assimilation assimilation NN 7960 8530 4 was be VBD 7960 8530 5 chiefly chiefly RB 7960 8530 6 the the DT 7960 8530 7 consequence consequence NN 7960 8530 8 of of IN 7960 8530 9 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8530 10 small small JJ 7960 8530 11 numbers number NNS 7960 8530 12 : : : 7960 8530 13 outside outside IN 7960 8530 14 of of IN 7960 8530 15 Normandy Normandy NNP 7960 8530 16 they -PRON- PRP 7960 8530 17 were be VBD 7960 8530 18 too too RB 7960 8530 19 few few JJ 7960 8530 20 long long RB 7960 8530 21 to to TO 7960 8530 22 maintain maintain VB 7960 8530 23 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8530 24 identity identity NN 7960 8530 25 . . . 7960 8531 1 NORMAL NORMAL NNP 7960 8531 2 INFLUENCE INFLUENCE NNP 7960 8531 3 If if IN 7960 8531 4 the the DT 7960 8531 5 Normans Normans NNPS 7960 8531 6 themselves -PRON- PRP 7960 8531 7 soon soon RB 7960 8531 8 disappeared disappear VBD 7960 8531 9 , , , 7960 8531 10 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8531 11 influence influence NN 7960 8531 12 was be VBD 7960 8531 13 more more RBR 7960 8531 14 lasting lasting JJ 7960 8531 15 . . . 7960 8532 1 Their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8532 2 mission mission NN 7960 8532 3 , , , 7960 8532 4 it -PRON- PRP 7960 8532 5 has have VBZ 7960 8532 6 been be VBN 7960 8532 7 well well RB 7960 8532 8 said say VBN 7960 8532 9 , , , 7960 8532 10 was be VBD 7960 8532 11 to to TO 7960 8532 12 be be VB 7960 8532 13 leaders leader NNS 7960 8532 14 and and CC 7960 8532 15 energizers energizer NNS 7960 8532 16 of of IN 7960 8532 17 society--"the society--"the DT 7960 8532 18 little little JJ 7960 8532 19 leaven leaven NN 7960 8532 20 that that WDT 7960 8532 21 leaveneth leaveneth VBP 7960 8532 22 the the DT 7960 8532 23 whole whole JJ 7960 8532 24 lump lump NN 7960 8532 25 . . . 7960 8532 26 " " '' 7960 8533 1 The the DT 7960 8533 2 peoples people NNS 7960 8533 3 of of IN 7960 8533 4 medieval medieval JJ 7960 8533 5 Europe Europe NNP 7960 8533 6 owed owe VBD 7960 8533 7 much much JJ 7960 8533 8 to to IN 7960 8533 9 the the DT 7960 8533 10 courage courage NN 7960 8533 11 and and CC 7960 8533 12 martial martial JJ 7960 8533 13 spirit spirit NN 7960 8533 14 , , , 7960 8533 15 the the DT 7960 8533 16 genius genius NN 7960 8533 17 for for IN 7960 8533 18 government government NN 7960 8533 19 , , , 7960 8533 20 and and CC 7960 8533 21 the the DT 7960 8533 22 reverence reverence NN 7960 8533 23 for for IN 7960 8533 24 law law NN 7960 8533 25 , , , 7960 8533 26 of of IN 7960 8533 27 the the DT 7960 8533 28 Normans Normans NNPS 7960 8533 29 . . . 7960 8534 1 In in IN 7960 8534 2 one one CD 7960 8534 3 of of IN 7960 8534 4 the the DT 7960 8534 5 most most RBS 7960 8534 6 significant significant JJ 7960 8534 7 movements movement NNS 7960 8534 8 of of IN 7960 8534 9 the the DT 7960 8534 10 Middle Middle NNP 7960 8534 11 Ages Ages NNPS 7960 8534 12 -- -- : 7960 8534 13 the the DT 7960 8534 14 crusades crusade NNS 7960 8534 15 -- -- : 7960 8534 16 they -PRON- PRP 7960 8534 17 took take VBD 7960 8534 18 a a DT 7960 8534 19 prominent prominent JJ 7960 8534 20 part part NN 7960 8534 21 . . . 7960 8535 1 Hence hence RB 7960 8535 2 we -PRON- PRP 7960 8535 3 shall shall MD 7960 8535 4 meet meet VB 7960 8535 5 them -PRON- PRP 7960 8535 6 again again RB 7960 8535 7 . . . 7960 8536 1 STUDIES STUDIES NNP 7960 8536 2 1 1 CD 7960 8536 3 . . . 7960 8537 1 What what WDT 7960 8537 2 events event NNS 7960 8537 3 are be VBP 7960 8537 4 associated associate VBN 7960 8537 5 with with IN 7960 8537 6 the the DT 7960 8537 7 following follow VBG 7960 8537 8 dates date NNS 7960 8537 9 : : : 7960 8537 10 988 988 CD 7960 8537 11 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 8537 12 ; ; : 7960 8537 13 862 862 CD 7960 8537 14 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 8537 15 ; ; : 7960 8537 16 1066 1066 CD 7960 8537 17 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 8537 18 ; ; : 7960 8537 19 1000 1000 CD 7960 8537 20 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 8537 21 ; ; : 7960 8537 22 and and CC 7960 8537 23 987 987 CD 7960 8537 24 A.D. a.d. NN 7960 8537 25 ? ? . 7960 8538 1 2 2 LS 7960 8538 2 . . . 7960 8539 1 What what WP 7960 8539 2 was be VBD 7960 8539 3 the the DT 7960 8539 4 origin origin NN 7960 8539 5 of of IN 7960 8539 6 the the DT 7960 8539 7 geographical geographical JJ 7960 8539 8 names name NNS 7960 8539 9 Russia Russia NNP 7960 8539 10 , , , 7960 8539 11 Greenland Greenland NNP 7960 8539 12 , , , 7960 8539 13 Finland Finland NNP 7960 8539 14 , , , 7960 8539 15 and and CC 7960 8539 16 Normandy Normandy NNP 7960 8539 17 ? ? . 7960 8540 1 3 3 LS 7960 8540 2 . . . 7960 8541 1 Mention mention VB 7960 8541 2 some some DT 7960 8541 3 of of IN 7960 8541 4 the the DT 7960 8541 5 striking striking JJ 7960 8541 6 physical physical JJ 7960 8541 7 contrasts contrast NNS 7960 8541 8 between between IN 7960 8541 9 the the DT 7960 8541 10 Arabian arabian JJ 7960 8541 11 and and CC 7960 8541 12 Scandinavian scandinavian JJ 7960 8541 13 peninsulas peninsula NNS 7960 8541 14 . . . 7960 8542 1 4 4 LS 7960 8542 2 . . . 7960 8543 1 Why why WRB 7960 8543 2 has have VBZ 7960 8543 3 the the DT 7960 8543 4 Baltic Baltic NNP 7960 8543 5 Sea Sea NNP 7960 8543 6 been be VBN 7960 8543 7 called call VBN 7960 8543 8 a a DT 7960 8543 9 " " `` 7960 8543 10 secondary secondary JJ 7960 8543 11 Mediterranean Mediterranean NNP 7960 8543 12 " " '' 7960 8543 13 ? ? . 7960 8544 1 5 5 CD 7960 8544 2 . . . 7960 8545 1 How how WRB 7960 8545 2 does do VBZ 7960 8545 3 it -PRON- PRP 7960 8545 4 happen happen VB 7960 8545 5 that that IN 7960 8545 6 the the DT 7960 8545 7 gulf gulf NNP 7960 8545 8 of of IN 7960 8545 9 Finland Finland NNP 7960 8545 10 is be VBZ 7960 8545 11 often often RB 7960 8545 12 frozen freeze VBN 7960 8545 13 over over RP 7960 8545 14 in in IN 7960 8545 15 winter winter NN 7960 8545 16 , , , 7960 8545 17 while while IN 7960 8545 18 even even RB 7960 8545 19 the the DT 7960 8545 20 northernmost northernmost NN 7960 8545 21 of of IN 7960 8545 22 the the DT 7960 8545 23 Norse norse JJ 7960 8545 24 fiords fiord NNS 7960 8545 25 remain remain VBP 7960 8545 26 open open JJ 7960 8545 27 ? ? . 7960 8546 1 6 6 CD 7960 8546 2 . . . 7960 8547 1 Why why WRB 7960 8547 2 is be VBZ 7960 8547 3 an an DT 7960 8547 4 acquaintance acquaintance NN 7960 8547 5 with with IN 7960 8547 6 Scandinavian scandinavian JJ 7960 8547 7 mythology mythology NN 7960 8547 8 , , , 7960 8547 9 literature literature NN 7960 8547 10 , , , 7960 8547 11 and and CC 7960 8547 12 history history NN 7960 8547 13 especially especially RB 7960 8547 14 desirable desirable JJ 7960 8547 15 for for IN 7960 8547 16 English English NNP 7960 8547 17 - - HYPH 7960 8547 18 speaking speak VBG 7960 8547 19 peoples people NNS 7960 8547 20 ? ? . 7960 8548 1 7 7 LS 7960 8548 2 . . . 7960 8549 1 What what WP 7960 8549 2 is be VBZ 7960 8549 3 meant mean VBN 7960 8549 4 by by IN 7960 8549 5 the the DT 7960 8549 6 " " `` 7960 8549 7 berserker berserker NN 7960 8549 8 's 's POS 7960 8549 9 rage rage NN 7960 8549 10 " " '' 7960 8549 11 ? ? . 7960 8550 1 8 8 LS 7960 8550 2 . . . 7960 8551 1 What what WP 7960 8551 2 names name NNS 7960 8551 3 of of IN 7960 8551 4 our -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8551 5 weekdays weekday NNS 7960 8551 6 are be VBP 7960 8551 7 derived derive VBN 7960 8551 8 from from IN 7960 8551 9 the the DT 7960 8551 10 names name NNS 7960 8551 11 of of IN 7960 8551 12 Scandinavian scandinavian JJ 7960 8551 13 deities deity NNS 7960 8551 14 ? ? . 7960 8552 1 9 9 CD 7960 8552 2 . . . 7960 8553 1 Compare compare VB 7960 8553 2 the the DT 7960 8553 3 Arab arab JJ 7960 8553 4 and and CC 7960 8553 5 Scandinavian scandinavian JJ 7960 8553 6 conceptions conception NNS 7960 8553 7 of of IN 7960 8553 8 the the DT 7960 8553 9 future future JJ 7960 8553 10 state state NN 7960 8553 11 of of IN 7960 8553 12 departed depart VBN 7960 8553 13 warriors warrior NNS 7960 8553 14 . . . 7960 8554 1 10 10 CD 7960 8554 2 . . . 7960 8555 1 What what WP 7960 8555 2 is be VBZ 7960 8555 3 meant mean VBN 7960 8555 4 by by IN 7960 8555 5 " " `` 7960 8555 6 sea sea NN 7960 8555 7 - - HYPH 7960 8555 8 power power NN 7960 8555 9 " " '' 7960 8555 10 ? ? . 7960 8556 1 What what WP 7960 8556 2 people people NNS 7960 8556 3 possessed possess VBD 7960 8556 4 it -PRON- PRP 7960 8556 5 during during IN 7960 8556 6 the the DT 7960 8556 7 ninth ninth JJ 7960 8556 8 and and CC 7960 8556 9 tenth tenth JJ 7960 8556 10 centuries century NNS 7960 8556 11 ? ? . 7960 8557 1 11 11 CD 7960 8557 2 . . . 7960 8558 1 Compare compare VB 7960 8558 2 the the DT 7960 8558 3 invasions invasion NNS 7960 8558 4 of of IN 7960 8558 5 the the DT 7960 8558 6 Northmen Northmen NNP 7960 8558 7 with with IN 7960 8558 8 those those DT 7960 8558 9 of of IN 7960 8558 10 the the DT 7960 8558 11 Germans Germans NNPS 7960 8558 12 as as IN 7960 8558 13 to to IN 7960 8558 14 ( ( -LRB- 7960 8558 15 a a DT 7960 8558 16 ) ) -RRB- 7960 8558 17 causes cause NNS 7960 8558 18 , , , 7960 8558 19 ( ( -LRB- 7960 8558 20 b b NN 7960 8558 21 ) ) -RRB- 7960 8558 22 area area NN 7960 8558 23 covered cover VBN 7960 8558 24 , , , 7960 8558 25 and and CC 7960 8558 26 ( ( -LRB- 7960 8558 27 c c NN 7960 8558 28 ) ) -RRB- 7960 8558 29 results result NNS 7960 8558 30 . . . 7960 8559 1 12 12 CD 7960 8559 2 . . . 7960 8560 1 What what WP 7960 8560 2 was be VBD 7960 8560 3 the the DT 7960 8560 4 significance significance NN 7960 8560 5 of of IN 7960 8560 6 the the DT 7960 8560 7 fact fact NN 7960 8560 8 that that IN 7960 8560 9 the the DT 7960 8560 10 Northmen Northmen NNP 7960 8560 11 were be VBD 7960 8560 12 not not RB 7960 8560 13 Christians Christians NNPS 7960 8560 14 at at IN 7960 8560 15 the the DT 7960 8560 16 time time NN 7960 8560 17 when when WRB 7960 8560 18 they -PRON- PRP 7960 8560 19 began begin VBD 7960 8560 20 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8560 21 expeditions expedition NNS 7960 8560 22 ? ? . 7960 8561 1 13 13 CD 7960 8561 2 . . . 7960 8562 1 Show show VB 7960 8562 2 how how WRB 7960 8562 3 the the DT 7960 8562 4 voyages voyage NNS 7960 8562 5 of of IN 7960 8562 6 the the DT 7960 8562 7 Northmen Northmen NNP 7960 8562 8 vastly vastly RB 7960 8562 9 increased increase VBD 7960 8562 10 geographical geographical JJ 7960 8562 11 knowledge knowledge NN 7960 8562 12 . . . 7960 8563 1 14 14 CD 7960 8563 2 . . . 7960 8564 1 Show show VB 7960 8564 2 that that IN 7960 8564 3 the the DT 7960 8564 4 Russian russian JJ 7960 8564 5 people people NNS 7960 8564 6 have have VBP 7960 8564 7 received receive VBN 7960 8564 8 from from IN 7960 8564 9 Constantinople Constantinople NNP 7960 8564 10 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8564 11 writing writing NN 7960 8564 12 , , , 7960 8564 13 religion religion NN 7960 8564 14 , , , 7960 8564 15 and and CC 7960 8564 16 art art NN 7960 8564 17 . . . 7960 8565 1 15 15 CD 7960 8565 2 . . . 7960 8566 1 Mention mention VB 7960 8566 2 three three CD 7960 8566 3 conquests conquest NNS 7960 8566 4 of of IN 7960 8566 5 England England NNP 7960 8566 6 by by IN 7960 8566 7 foreign foreign JJ 7960 8566 8 peoples people NNS 7960 8566 9 before before IN 7960 8566 10 1066 1066 CD 7960 8566 11 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 8566 12 Give give VBP 7960 8566 13 for for IN 7960 8566 14 each each DT 7960 8566 15 conquest conquest VBN 7960 8566 16 the the DT 7960 8566 17 results result NNS 7960 8566 18 and and CC 7960 8566 19 the the DT 7960 8566 20 approximate approximate JJ 7960 8566 21 date date NN 7960 8566 22 . . . 7960 8567 1 16 16 CD 7960 8567 2 . . . 7960 8568 1 On on IN 7960 8568 2 the the DT 7960 8568 3 map map NN 7960 8568 4 , , , 7960 8568 5 page page NN 7960 8568 6 405 405 CD 7960 8568 7 , , , 7960 8568 8 trace trace VB 7960 8568 9 the the DT 7960 8568 10 boundary boundary JJ 7960 8568 11 line line NN 7960 8568 12 between between IN 7960 8568 13 Alfred Alfred NNP 7960 8568 14 's 's POS 7960 8568 15 possessions possession NNS 7960 8568 16 and and CC 7960 8568 17 those those DT 7960 8568 18 of of IN 7960 8568 19 the the DT 7960 8568 20 Danes Danes NNPS 7960 8568 21 . . . 7960 8569 1 17 17 CD 7960 8569 2 . . . 7960 8570 1 Compare Compare NNP 7960 8570 2 Alfred Alfred NNP 7960 8570 3 and and CC 7960 8570 4 Charlemagne Charlemagne NNP 7960 8570 5 as as IN 7960 8570 6 civilizing civilize VBG 7960 8570 7 kings king NNS 7960 8570 8 . . . 7960 8571 1 18 18 CD 7960 8571 2 . . . 7960 8572 1 Compare Compare NNP 7960 8572 2 Alfred Alfred NNP 7960 8572 3 's 's POS 7960 8572 4 cession cession NN 7960 8572 5 of of IN 7960 8572 6 the the DT 7960 8572 7 Danelaw Danelaw NNP 7960 8572 8 with with IN 7960 8572 9 the the DT 7960 8572 10 cession cession NN 7960 8572 11 of of IN 7960 8572 12 Normandy Normandy NNP 7960 8572 13 to to TO 7960 8572 14 Rollo Rollo NNP 7960 8572 15 . . . 7960 8573 1 19 19 CD 7960 8573 2 . . . 7960 8574 1 Why why WRB 7960 8574 2 is be VBZ 7960 8574 3 Hastings Hastings NNP 7960 8574 4 included include VBN 7960 8574 5 among among IN 7960 8574 6 " " `` 7960 8574 7 decisive decisive JJ 7960 8574 8 " " '' 7960 8574 9 battles battle NNS 7960 8574 10 ? ? . 7960 8575 1 20 20 CD 7960 8575 2 . . . 7960 8576 1 " " `` 7960 8576 2 We -PRON- PRP 7960 8576 3 English English NNP 7960 8576 4 are be VBP 7960 8576 5 not not RB 7960 8576 6 ourselves -PRON- PRP 7960 8576 7 but but CC 7960 8576 8 somebody somebody NN 7960 8576 9 else else RB 7960 8576 10 . . . 7960 8576 11 " " '' 7960 8577 1 Comment comment NN 7960 8577 2 on on IN 7960 8577 3 this this DT 7960 8577 4 statement statement NN 7960 8577 5 . . . 7960 8578 1 21 21 CD 7960 8578 2 . . . 7960 8579 1 What what WP 7960 8579 2 is be VBZ 7960 8579 3 meant mean VBN 7960 8579 4 by by IN 7960 8579 5 the the DT 7960 8579 6 " " `` 7960 8579 7 Norman Norman NNP 7960 8579 8 graft graft NN 7960 8579 9 upon upon IN 7960 8579 10 the the DT 7960 8579 11 sturdy sturdy JJ 7960 8579 12 Saxon Saxon NNP 7960 8579 13 tree tree NN 7960 8579 14 " " '' 7960 8579 15 ? ? . 7960 8580 1 22 22 CD 7960 8580 2 . . . 7960 8581 1 What what WDT 7960 8581 2 settlements settlement NNS 7960 8581 3 of of IN 7960 8581 4 the the DT 7960 8581 5 Northmen Northmen NNP 7960 8581 6 most most RBS 7960 8581 7 influenced influence VBD 7960 8581 8 European european JJ 7960 8581 9 history history NN 7960 8581 10 ? ? . 7960 8582 1 23 23 CD 7960 8582 2 . . . 7960 8583 1 Compare compare VB 7960 8583 2 the the DT 7960 8583 3 Norman Norman NNP 7960 8583 4 faculty faculty NN 7960 8583 5 of of IN 7960 8583 6 adaptation adaptation NN 7960 8583 7 with with IN 7960 8583 8 that that DT 7960 8583 9 of of IN 7960 8583 10 the the DT 7960 8583 11 Arabs Arabs NNPS 7960 8583 12 . . . 7960 8584 1 FOOTNOTES FOOTNOTES NNP 7960 8584 2 [ [ -LRB- 7960 8584 3 1 1 CD 7960 8584 4 ] ] -RRB- 7960 8584 5 Webster Webster NNP 7960 8584 6 , , , 7960 8584 7 _ _ NNP 7960 8584 8 Readings Readings NNP 7960 8584 9 in in IN 7960 8584 10 Medieval Medieval NNP 7960 8584 11 and and CC 7960 8584 12 Modern Modern NNP 7960 8584 13 History History NNP 7960 8584 14 _ _ NNP 7960 8584 15 , , , 7960 8584 16 chapter chapter NN 7960 8584 17 vii vii NN 7960 8584 18 , , , 7960 8584 19 " " `` 7960 8584 20 The the DT 7960 8584 21 Saga Saga NNP 7960 8584 22 of of IN 7960 8584 23 a a DT 7960 8584 24 Viking Viking NNP 7960 8584 25 " " '' 7960 8584 26 ; ; : 7960 8584 27 chapter chapter NN 7960 8584 28 viii viii NNP 7960 8584 29 , , , 7960 8584 30 " " `` 7960 8584 31 Alfred Alfred NNP 7960 8584 32 the the DT 7960 8584 33 Great Great NNP 7960 8584 34 " " '' 7960 8584 35 ; ; : 7960 8584 36 chapter chapter NN 7960 8584 37 ix ix NNP 7960 8584 38 , , , 7960 8584 39 " " `` 7960 8584 40 William William NNP 7960 8584 41 the the DT 7960 8584 42 Conqueror Conqueror NNP 7960 8584 43 and and CC 7960 8584 44 the the DT 7960 8584 45 Normans Normans NNPS 7960 8584 46 in in IN 7960 8584 47 England England NNP 7960 8584 48 . . . 7960 8584 49 " " '' 7960 8585 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 8585 2 2 2 LS 7960 8585 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 8585 4 See see VB 7960 8585 5 page page NN 7960 8585 6 67 67 CD 7960 8585 7 . . . 7960 8586 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 8586 2 3 3 LS 7960 8586 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 8586 4 The the DT 7960 8586 5 word word NN 7960 8586 6 perhaps perhaps RB 7960 8586 7 comes come VBZ 7960 8586 8 from from IN 7960 8586 9 the the DT 7960 8586 10 old old JJ 7960 8586 11 Norse Norse NNP 7960 8586 12 _ _ NNP 7960 8586 13 vik vik NNP 7960 8586 14 _ _ NNP 7960 8586 15 , , , 7960 8586 16 a a DT 7960 8586 17 bay bay NN 7960 8586 18 , , , 7960 8586 19 and and CC 7960 8586 20 means mean VBZ 7960 8586 21 " " `` 7960 8586 22 one one NN 7960 8586 23 who who WP 7960 8586 24 dwells dwell VBZ 7960 8586 25 by by IN 7960 8586 26 a a DT 7960 8586 27 bay bay NN 7960 8586 28 or or CC 7960 8586 29 fiord fiord NN 7960 8586 30 . . . 7960 8586 31 " " '' 7960 8587 1 Another another DT 7960 8587 2 meaning meaning NN 7960 8587 3 assigned assign VBN 7960 8587 4 to to IN 7960 8587 5 Viking Viking NNP 7960 8587 6 is be VBZ 7960 8587 7 " " `` 7960 8587 8 warrior warrior NN 7960 8587 9 . . . 7960 8587 10 " " '' 7960 8588 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 8588 2 4 4 LS 7960 8588 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 8588 4 See see VB 7960 8588 5 the the DT 7960 8588 6 illustration illustration NN 7960 8588 7 , , , 7960 8588 8 page page NN 7960 8588 9 240 240 CD 7960 8588 10 . . . 7960 8589 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 8589 2 5 5 LS 7960 8589 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 8589 4 The the DT 7960 8589 5 word word NN 7960 8589 6 is be VBZ 7960 8589 7 derived derive VBN 7960 8589 8 from from IN 7960 8589 9 old old JJ 7960 8589 10 Norse Norse NNP 7960 8589 11 _ _ NNP 7960 8589 12 segya segya NN 7960 8589 13 _ _ NNP 7960 8589 14 , , , 7960 8589 15 " " `` 7960 8589 16 to to TO 7960 8589 17 say say VB 7960 8589 18 " " '' 7960 8589 19 ; ; : 7960 8589 20 compare compare VB 7960 8589 21 German German NNP 7960 8589 22 _ _ NNP 7960 8589 23 sagen sagen NN 7960 8589 24 _ _ NNP 7960 8589 25 . . . 7960 8590 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 8590 2 6 6 CD 7960 8590 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 8590 4 " " `` 7960 8590 5 Hall Hall NNP 7960 8590 6 of of IN 7960 8590 7 the the DT 7960 8590 8 slain slain NN 7960 8590 9 . . . 7960 8590 10 " " '' 7960 8591 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 8591 2 7 7 CD 7960 8591 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 8591 4 " " `` 7960 8591 5 Choosers chooser NNS 7960 8591 6 of of IN 7960 8591 7 the the DT 7960 8591 8 slain slain NN 7960 8591 9 . . . 7960 8591 10 " " '' 7960 8592 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 8592 2 8 8 LS 7960 8592 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 8592 4 See see VB 7960 8592 5 page page NN 7960 8592 6 312 312 CD 7960 8592 7 . . . 7960 8593 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 8593 2 9 9 CD 7960 8593 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 8593 4 The the DT 7960 8593 5 Icelanders Icelanders NNPS 7960 8593 6 in in IN 7960 8593 7 1874 1874 CD 7960 8593 8 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 8593 9 celebrated celebrate VBD 7960 8593 10 the the DT 7960 8593 11 thousandth thousandth NN 7960 8593 12 anniversary anniversary NN 7960 8593 13 of of IN 7960 8593 14 the the DT 7960 8593 15 Scandinavian scandinavian JJ 7960 8593 16 settlement settlement NN 7960 8593 17 of of IN 7960 8593 18 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8593 19 island island NN 7960 8593 20 . . . 7960 8594 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 8594 2 10 10 CD 7960 8594 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 8594 4 Russia Russia NNP 7960 8594 5 in in IN 7960 8594 6 1862 1862 CD 7960 8594 7 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 8594 8 celebrated celebrate VBD 7960 8594 9 the the DT 7960 8594 10 millenary millenary NN 7960 8594 11 of of IN 7960 8594 12 her -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8594 13 foundation foundation NN 7960 8594 14 by by IN 7960 8594 15 Ruric Ruric NNP 7960 8594 16 . . . 7960 8595 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 8595 2 11 11 CD 7960 8595 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 8595 4 The the DT 7960 8595 5 Norse norse JJ 7960 8595 6 word word NN 7960 8595 7 for for IN 7960 8595 8 " " `` 7960 8595 9 fort fort NN 7960 8595 10 " " '' 7960 8595 11 is be VBZ 7960 8595 12 preserved preserve VBN 7960 8595 13 in in IN 7960 8595 14 the the DT 7960 8595 15 gorod gorod NN 7960 8595 16 of of IN 7960 8595 17 Novgorod Novgorod NNP 7960 8595 18 . . . 7960 8596 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 8596 2 12 12 CD 7960 8596 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 8596 4 See see VB 7960 8596 5 page page NN 7960 8596 6 335 335 CD 7960 8596 7 . . . 7960 8597 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 8597 2 13 13 CD 7960 8597 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 8597 4 See see VB 7960 8597 5 page page NN 7960 8597 6 358 358 CD 7960 8597 7 . . . 7960 8598 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 8598 2 14 14 CD 7960 8598 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 8598 4 See see VB 7960 8598 5 the the DT 7960 8598 6 illustration illustration NN 7960 8598 7 , , , 7960 8598 8 page page NN 7960 8598 9 310 310 CD 7960 8598 10 . . . 7960 8599 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 8599 2 15 15 CD 7960 8599 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 8599 4 " " `` 7960 8599 5 Norman Norman NNP 7960 8599 6 " " '' 7960 8599 7 is be VBZ 7960 8599 8 a a DT 7960 8599 9 softened soften VBN 7960 8599 10 form form NN 7960 8599 11 of of IN 7960 8599 12 " " `` 7960 8599 13 Northman Northman NNP 7960 8599 14 . . . 7960 8599 15 " " '' 7960 8600 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 8600 2 16 16 CD 7960 8600 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 8600 4 In in IN 7960 8600 5 1911 1911 CD 7960 8600 6 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 8600 7 Normandy Normandy NNP 7960 8600 8 celebrated celebrate VBD 7960 8600 9 in in IN 7960 8600 10 the the DT 7960 8600 11 ancient ancient JJ 7960 8600 12 capital capital NN 7960 8600 13 of of IN 7960 8600 14 Rouen Rouen NNP 7960 8600 15 the the DT 7960 8600 16 thousandth thousandth JJ 7960 8600 17 anniversary anniversary NN 7960 8600 18 of of IN 7960 8600 19 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8600 20 existence existence NN 7960 8600 21 . . . 7960 8601 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 8601 2 17 17 CD 7960 8601 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 8601 4 See see VB 7960 8601 5 pages page NNS 7960 8601 6 315 315 CD 7960 8601 7 , , , 7960 8601 8 317 317 CD 7960 8601 9 . . . 7960 8602 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 8602 2 18 18 CD 7960 8602 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 8602 4 The the DT 7960 8602 5 abolition abolition NN 7960 8602 6 of of IN 7960 8602 7 the the DT 7960 8602 8 French french JJ 7960 8602 9 monarchy monarchy NN 7960 8602 10 dates date VBZ 7960 8602 11 from from IN 7960 8602 12 1792 1792 CD 7960 8602 13 A.D. A.D. 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town town NN 7960 8604 25 " " '' 7960 8604 26 ) ) -RRB- 7960 8604 27 , , , 7960 8604 28 compare compare VB 7960 8604 29 _ _ NNP 7960 8604 30 by by IN 7960 8604 31 - - HYPH 7960 8604 32 law law NN 7960 8604 33 _ _ NNP 7960 8604 34 , , , 7960 8604 35 originally originally RB 7960 8604 36 a a DT 7960 8604 37 law law NN 7960 8604 38 for for IN 7960 8604 39 a a DT 7960 8604 40 special special JJ 7960 8604 41 town town NN 7960 8604 42 . . . 7960 8605 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 8605 2 21 21 CD 7960 8605 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 8605 4 " " `` 7960 8605 5 Meeting meet VBG 7960 8605 6 of of IN 7960 8605 7 wise wise JJ 7960 8605 8 men man NNS 7960 8605 9 . . . 7960 8605 10 " " '' 7960 8606 1 The the DT 7960 8606 2 word word NN 7960 8606 3 _ _ NNP 7960 8606 4 gemot gemot NNP 7960 8606 5 _ _ NNP 7960 8606 6 or or CC 7960 8606 7 _ _ NNP 7960 8606 8 moot moot JJ 7960 8606 9 _ _ NNP 7960 8606 10 was be VBD 7960 8606 11 used use VBN 7960 8606 12 for for IN 7960 8606 13 any any DT 7960 8606 14 kind kind NN 7960 8606 15 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8639 19 them -PRON- PRP 7960 8639 20 in in IN 7960 8639 21 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8639 22 courts court NNS 7960 8639 23 . . . 7960 8640 1 A a DT 7960 8640 2 great great JJ 7960 8640 3 noble noble JJ 7960 8640 4 , , , 7960 8640 5 the the DT 7960 8640 6 possessor possessor NN 7960 8640 7 of of IN 7960 8640 8 many many JJ 7960 8640 9 estates estate NNS 7960 8640 10 , , , 7960 8640 11 even even RB 7960 8640 12 enjoyed enjoy VBD 7960 8640 13 the the DT 7960 8640 14 privilege privilege NN 7960 8640 15 of of IN 7960 8640 16 declaring declare VBG 7960 8640 17 war war NN 7960 8640 18 , , , 7960 8640 19 making make VBG 7960 8640 20 treaties treaty NNS 7960 8640 21 , , , 7960 8640 22 and and CC 7960 8640 23 coining coin VBG 7960 8640 24 money money NN 7960 8640 25 . . . 7960 8641 1 How how WRB 7960 8641 2 , , , 7960 8641 3 it -PRON- PRP 7960 8641 4 will will MD 7960 8641 5 be be VB 7960 8641 6 asked ask VBN 7960 8641 7 , , , 7960 8641 8 did do VBD 7960 8641 9 these these DT 7960 8641 10 rights 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8643 7 was be VBD 7960 8643 8 absolute absolute JJ 7960 8643 9 owner owner NN 7960 8643 10 of of IN 7960 8643 11 the the DT 7960 8643 12 soil soil NN 7960 8643 13 , , , 7960 8643 14 would would MD 7960 8643 15 pay pay VB 7960 8643 16 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8643 17 officials official NNS 7960 8643 18 for for IN 7960 8643 19 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8643 20 services service NNS 7960 8643 21 by by IN 7960 8643 22 giving give VBG 7960 8643 23 them -PRON- PRP 7960 8643 24 the the DT 7960 8643 25 use use NN 7960 8643 26 of of IN 7960 8643 27 a a DT 7960 8643 28 certain certain JJ 7960 8643 29 amount amount NN 7960 8643 30 of of IN 7960 8643 31 land land NN 7960 8643 32 . . . 7960 8644 1 In in IN 7960 8644 2 the the DT 7960 8644 3 same same JJ 7960 8644 4 way way NN 7960 8644 5 one one CD 7960 8644 6 who who WP 7960 8644 7 had have VBD 7960 8644 8 received receive VBN 7960 8644 9 large large JJ 7960 8644 10 estates estate NNS 7960 8644 11 would would MD 7960 8644 12 parcel parcel VB 7960 8644 13 them -PRON- PRP 7960 8644 14 out out RP 7960 8644 15 among among IN 7960 8644 16 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8644 17 followers follower NNS 7960 8644 18 , , , 7960 8644 19 in in IN 7960 8644 20 return return NN 7960 8644 21 for for IN 7960 8644 22 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8644 23 support support NN 7960 8644 24 . . . 7960 8645 1 Sometimes sometimes RB 7960 8645 2 an an DT 7960 8645 3 unscrupulous unscrupulous JJ 7960 8645 4 noble noble JJ 7960 8645 5 might may MD 7960 8645 6 seize seize VB 7960 8645 7 the the DT 7960 8645 8 lands land NNS 7960 8645 9 of of IN 7960 8645 10 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8645 11 neighbors neighbor NNS 7960 8645 12 and and CC 7960 8645 13 compel compel VB 7960 8645 14 them -PRON- PRP 7960 8645 15 to to TO 7960 8645 16 become become VB 7960 8645 17 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8645 18 tenants tenant NNS 7960 8645 19 . . . 7960 8646 1 Sometimes sometimes RB 7960 8646 2 , , , 7960 8646 3 too too RB 7960 8646 4 , , , 7960 8646 5 those those DT 7960 8646 6 who who WP 7960 8646 7 owned 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7960 8651 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 8651 4 If if IN 7960 8651 5 a a DT 7960 8651 6 man man NN 7960 8651 7 had have VBD 7960 8651 8 no no DT 7960 8651 9 legal legal JJ 7960 8651 10 heir heir NN 7960 8651 11 , , , 7960 8651 12 the the DT 7960 8651 13 fief fief NN 7960 8651 14 went go VBD 7960 8651 15 back back RB 7960 8651 16 to to IN 7960 8651 17 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8651 18 lord lord NNP 7960 8651 19 . . . 7960 8652 1 VASSALAGE vassalage VB 7960 8652 2 The the DT 7960 8652 3 tie tie NN 7960 8652 4 which which WDT 7960 8652 5 bound bind VBD 7960 8652 6 the the DT 7960 8652 7 tenant tenant NN 7960 8652 8 who who WP 7960 8652 9 accepted accept VBD 7960 8652 10 a a DT 7960 8652 11 fief fief NN 7960 8652 12 to to IN 7960 8652 13 the the DT 7960 8652 14 lord lord NNP 7960 8652 15 who who WP 7960 8652 16 granted grant VBD 7960 8652 17 it -PRON- PRP 7960 8652 18 was be VBD 7960 8652 19 called call VBN 7960 8652 20 vassalage vassalage NN 7960 8652 21 . . . 7960 8653 1 Every every DT 7960 8653 2 holder holder NN 7960 8653 3 of of IN 7960 8653 4 land land NN 7960 8653 5 was be VBD 7960 8653 6 the the DT 7960 8653 7 vassal vassal NN 7960 8653 8 of of IN 7960 8653 9 some some DT 7960 8653 10 lord lord NNP 7960 8653 11 . . . 7960 8654 1 At at IN 7960 8654 2 the the DT 7960 8654 3 apex apex NN 7960 8654 4 of of IN 7960 8654 5 the the DT 7960 8654 6 feudal feudal JJ 7960 8654 7 pyramid pyramid NN 7960 8654 8 stood stand VBD 7960 8654 9 the the DT 7960 8654 10 king king NN 7960 8654 11 , , , 7960 8654 12 the the DT 7960 8654 13 supreme supreme NNP 7960 8654 14 landlord landlord NNP 7960 8654 15 , , , 7960 8654 16 who who WP 7960 8654 17 was be VBD 7960 8654 18 supposed suppose VBN 7960 8654 19 to to TO 7960 8654 20 hold hold VB 7960 8654 21 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8654 22 land land NN 7960 8654 23 from from IN 7960 8654 24 God God NNP 7960 8654 25 ; ; : 7960 8654 26 below below IN 7960 8654 27 the the DT 7960 8654 28 king king NN 7960 8654 29 stood stand VBD 7960 8654 30 the the DT 7960 8654 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7960 8655 2 SERVICES service NNS 7960 8655 3 OF of IN 7960 8655 4 THE the DT 7960 8655 5 VASSAL vassal NN 7960 8655 6 The the DT 7960 8655 7 vassal vassal NN 7960 8655 8 , , , 7960 8655 9 first first RB 7960 8655 10 of of IN 7960 8655 11 all all DT 7960 8655 12 , , , 7960 8655 13 owed owe VBN 7960 8655 14 various various JJ 7960 8655 15 services service NNS 7960 8655 16 to to IN 7960 8655 17 the the DT 7960 8655 18 lord lord NNP 7960 8655 19 . . . 7960 8656 1 In in IN 7960 8656 2 time time NN 7960 8656 3 of of IN 7960 8656 4 war war NN 7960 8656 5 he -PRON- PRP 7960 8656 6 did do VBD 7960 8656 7 garrison garrison NN 7960 8656 8 duty duty NN 7960 8656 9 at at IN 7960 8656 10 the the DT 7960 8656 11 lord lord NNP 7960 8656 12 's 's POS 7960 8656 13 castle castle NN 7960 8656 14 and and CC 7960 8656 15 joined join VBD 7960 8656 16 him -PRON- PRP 7960 8656 17 in in IN 7960 8656 18 military military JJ 7960 8656 19 expeditions expedition NNS 7960 8656 20 . . . 7960 8657 1 In in IN 7960 8657 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8662 40 dowry dowry NN 7960 8662 41 for for IN 7960 8662 42 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8662 43 eldest eld JJS 7960 8662 44 daughter daughter NN 7960 8662 45 . . . 7960 8663 1 Such such JJ 7960 8663 2 exceptional exceptional JJ 7960 8663 3 payments payment NNS 7960 8663 4 went go VBD 7960 8663 5 by by IN 7960 8663 6 the the DT 7960 8663 7 name name NN 7960 8663 8 of of IN 7960 8663 9 " " `` 7960 8663 10 aids aids NNP 7960 8663 11 . . . 7960 8663 12 " " '' 7960 8664 1 THE the DT 7960 8664 2 LORD LORD NNP 7960 8664 3 'S 's POS 7960 8664 4 DUTY DUTY NNS 7960 8664 5 TO to IN 7960 8664 6 THE the DT 7960 8664 7 VASSAL vassal NN 7960 8664 8 The the DT 7960 8664 9 vassal vassal NN 7960 8664 10 , , , 7960 8664 11 in in IN 7960 8664 12 return return NN 7960 8664 13 for for IN 7960 8664 14 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8664 15 services service NNS 7960 8664 16 and and CC 7960 8664 17 payments payment NNS 7960 8664 18 , , , 7960 8664 19 looked look VBD 7960 8664 20 to to IN 7960 8664 21 the the DT 7960 8664 22 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just RB 7960 8665 31 treatment treatment NN 7960 8665 32 . . . 7960 8666 1 This this DT 7960 8666 2 was be VBD 7960 8666 3 no no DT 7960 8666 4 slight slight JJ 7960 8666 5 undertaking undertaking NN 7960 8666 6 . . . 7960 8667 1 HOMAGE homage VB 7960 8667 2 The the DT 7960 8667 3 ceremony ceremony NN 7960 8667 4 of of IN 7960 8667 5 homage homage NN 7960 8667 6 [ [ -LRB- 7960 8667 7 5 5 CD 7960 8667 8 ] ] -RRB- 7960 8667 9 symbolized symbolize VBD 7960 8667 10 the the DT 7960 8667 11 whole whole JJ 7960 8667 12 feudal feudal JJ 7960 8667 13 relationship relationship NN 7960 8667 14 . . . 7960 8668 1 One one CD 7960 8668 2 who who WP 7960 8668 3 proposed propose VBD 7960 8668 4 to to TO 7960 8668 5 become become VB 7960 8668 6 a a DT 7960 8668 7 vassal vassal NN 7960 8668 8 and and CC 7960 8668 9 hold hold VB 7960 8668 10 a a DT 7960 8668 11 fief fief NN 7960 8668 12 came come VBD 7960 8668 13 into into IN 7960 8668 14 the the DT 7960 8668 15 lord lord NNP 7960 8668 16 's 's POS 7960 8668 17 presence presence NN 7960 8668 18 , , , 7960 8668 19 bareheaded bareheaded JJ 7960 8668 20 and and CC 7960 8668 21 unarmed unarmed JJ 7960 8668 22 , , , 7960 8668 23 knelt knelt JJ 7960 8668 24 down down RP 7960 8668 25 , , , 7960 8668 26 placed place VBD 7960 8668 27 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8668 28 hands hand NNS 7960 8668 29 between between IN 7960 8668 30 those those DT 7960 8668 31 of of IN 7960 8668 32 the the DT 7960 8668 33 lord lord NNP 7960 8668 34 , , , 7960 8668 35 and and CC 7960 8668 36 promised promise VBD 7960 8668 37 henceforth henceforth RB 7960 8668 38 to to TO 7960 8668 39 become become VB 7960 8668 40 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8668 41 " " `` 7960 8668 42 man man NN 7960 8668 43 . . . 7960 8668 44 " " '' 7960 8669 1 The the DT 7960 8669 2 lord lord NNP 7960 8669 3 then then RB 7960 8669 4 kissed kiss VBD 7960 8669 5 him -PRON- PRP 7960 8669 6 and and CC 7960 8669 7 raised raise VBD 7960 8669 8 him -PRON- PRP 7960 8669 9 to to IN 7960 8669 10 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8669 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7960 8672 6 vassal vassal NN 7960 8672 7 some some DT 7960 8672 8 object object NN 7960 8672 9 -- -- : 7960 8672 10 a a DT 7960 8672 11 stick stick NN 7960 8672 12 , , , 7960 8672 13 a a DT 7960 8672 14 clod clod NN 7960 8672 15 of of IN 7960 8672 16 earth earth NN 7960 8672 17 , , , 7960 8672 18 a a DT 7960 8672 19 lance lance NN 7960 8672 20 , , , 7960 8672 21 or or CC 7960 8672 22 a a DT 7960 8672 23 glove glove NN 7960 8672 24 -- -- : 7960 8672 25 in in IN 7960 8672 26 token token NN 7960 8672 27 of of IN 7960 8672 28 the the DT 7960 8672 29 fief fief NN 7960 8672 30 with with IN 7960 8672 31 the the DT 7960 8672 32 possession possession NN 7960 8672 33 of of IN 7960 8672 34 which which WDT 7960 8672 35 he -PRON- PRP 7960 8672 36 was be VBD 7960 8672 37 now now RB 7960 8672 38 " " `` 7960 8672 39 invested invest VBN 7960 8672 40 . . . 7960 8672 41 " " '' 7960 8673 1 FEUDAL FEUDAL NNP 7960 8673 2 GOVERNMENT GOVERNMENT NNP 7960 8673 3 A a DT 7960 8673 4 SUBSTITUTE substitute NN 7960 8673 5 FOR for IN 7960 8673 6 ANARCHY ANARCHY NNP 7960 8673 7 It -PRON- PRP 7960 8673 8 is be VBZ 7960 8673 9 clear clear JJ 7960 8673 10 that that IN 7960 8673 11 the the DT 7960 8673 12 feudal feudal JJ 7960 8673 13 method method NN 7960 8673 14 of of IN 7960 8673 15 land land NN 7960 8673 16 tenure tenure NN 7960 8673 17 , , , 7960 8673 18 coupled couple VBN 7960 8673 19 with with IN 7960 8673 20 the the DT 7960 8673 21 custom custom NN 7960 8673 22 of of IN 7960 8673 23 vassalage vassalage NN 7960 8673 24 , , , 7960 8673 25 made make VBN 7960 8673 26 in in IN 7960 8673 27 some some DT 7960 8673 28 degree degree NN 7960 8673 29 for for IN 7960 8673 30 security security NN 7960 8673 31 and and CC 7960 8673 32 order order NN 7960 8673 33 . . . 7960 8674 1 Each each DT 7960 8674 2 noble noble JJ 7960 8674 3 was be VBD 7960 8674 4 attached attach VBN 7960 8674 5 to to IN 7960 8674 6 the the DT 7960 8674 7 lord lord NNP 7960 8674 8 above above IN 7960 8674 9 him -PRON- PRP 7960 8674 10 by by IN 7960 8674 11 the the DT 7960 8674 12 bond bond NN 7960 8674 13 of of IN 7960 8674 14 personal personal JJ 7960 8674 15 service service NN 7960 8674 16 and and CC 7960 8674 17 the the DT 7960 8674 18 oath oath NN 7960 8674 19 of of IN 7960 8674 20 fidelity fidelity NN 7960 8674 21 . . . 7960 8675 1 To to IN 7960 8675 2 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8675 3 vassals vassal NNS 7960 8675 4 beneath beneath IN 7960 8675 5 him -PRON- PRP 7960 8675 6 he -PRON- PRP 7960 8675 7 was be VBD 7960 8675 8 at at IN 7960 8675 9 once once IN 7960 8675 10 protector protector NN 7960 8675 11 , , , 7960 8675 12 benefactor benefactor NN 7960 8675 13 , , , 7960 8675 14 and and CC 7960 8675 15 friend friend NN 7960 8675 16 . . . 7960 8676 1 Unfortunately unfortunately RB 7960 8676 2 , , , 7960 8676 3 feudal feudal JJ 7960 8676 4 obligations obligation NNS 7960 8676 5 were be VBD 7960 8676 6 far far RB 7960 8676 7 less less RBR 7960 8676 8 strictly strictly RB 7960 8676 9 observed observe VBN 7960 8676 10 in in IN 7960 8676 11 practice practice NN 7960 8676 12 than than IN 7960 8676 13 in in IN 7960 8676 14 theory theory NN 7960 8676 15 . . . 7960 8677 1 Both both DT 7960 8677 2 lords lord NNS 7960 8677 3 and and CC 7960 8677 4 vassals vassal NNS 7960 8677 5 often often RB 7960 8677 6 broke break VBD 7960 8677 7 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8677 8 engagements engagement NNS 7960 8677 9 , , , 7960 8677 10 when when WRB 7960 8677 11 it -PRON- PRP 7960 8677 12 seemed seem VBD 7960 8677 13 profitable profitable JJ 7960 8677 14 to to TO 7960 8677 15 do do VB 7960 8677 16 so so RB 7960 8677 17 . . . 7960 8678 1 Hence hence RB 7960 8678 2 they -PRON- PRP 7960 8678 3 had have VBD 7960 8678 4 many many JJ 7960 8678 5 quarrels quarrel NNS 7960 8678 6 and and CC 7960 8678 7 indulged indulge VBN 7960 8678 8 in in IN 7960 8678 9 constant constant JJ 7960 8678 10 warfare warfare NN 7960 8678 11 . . . 7960 8679 1 But but CC 7960 8679 2 feudalism feudalism NN 7960 8679 3 , , , 7960 8679 4 despite despite IN 7960 8679 5 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8679 6 defects defect NNS 7960 8679 7 , , , 7960 8679 8 was be VBD 7960 8679 9 better well JJR 7960 8679 10 than than IN 7960 8679 11 anarchy anarchy VB 7960 8679 12 . . . 7960 8680 1 The the DT 7960 8680 2 feudal feudal JJ 7960 8680 3 lords lord NNS 7960 8680 4 drove drive VBD 7960 8680 5 back back RB 7960 8680 6 the the DT 7960 8680 7 pirates pirate NNS 7960 8680 8 and and CC 7960 8680 9 hanged hang VBD 7960 8680 10 the the DT 7960 8680 11 brigands brigand NNS 7960 8680 12 and and CC 7960 8680 13 enforced enforce VBD 7960 8680 14 the the DT 7960 8680 15 laws law NNS 7960 8680 16 , , , 7960 8680 17 as as IN 7960 8680 18 no no DT 7960 8680 19 feeble feeble JJ 7960 8680 20 king king NN 7960 8680 21 could could MD 7960 8680 22 do do VB 7960 8680 23 . . . 7960 8681 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 8681 2 provided provide VBD 7960 8681 3 a a DT 7960 8681 4 rude rude JJ 7960 8681 5 form form NN 7960 8681 6 of of IN 7960 8681 7 local local JJ 7960 8681 8 government government NN 7960 8681 9 for for IN 7960 8681 10 a a DT 7960 8681 11 rude rude JJ 7960 8681 12 society society NN 7960 8681 13 . . . 7960 8682 1 151 151 CD 7960 8682 2 . . . 7960 8683 1 FEUDAL FEUDAL NNP 7960 8683 2 JUSTICE JUSTICE NNP 7960 8683 3 FEUDALISM FEUDALISM NNP 7960 8683 4 AS as IN 7960 8683 5 A a DT 7960 8683 6 SYSTEM system NN 7960 8683 7 OF of IN 7960 8683 8 LOCAL LOCAL NNP 7960 8683 9 JUSTICE JUSTICE NNP 7960 8683 10 Feudalism Feudalism NNP 7960 8683 11 was be VBD 7960 8683 12 not not RB 7960 8683 13 only only RB 7960 8683 14 a a DT 7960 8683 15 system system NN 7960 8683 16 of of IN 7960 8683 17 local local JJ 7960 8683 18 government government NN 7960 8683 19 ; ; : 7960 8683 20 it -PRON- PRP 7960 8683 21 was be VBD 7960 8683 22 also also RB 7960 8683 23 a a DT 7960 8683 24 system system NN 7960 8683 25 of of IN 7960 8683 26 local local JJ 7960 8683 27 justice justice NN 7960 8683 28 . . . 7960 8684 1 Knights knight NNS 7960 8684 2 , , , 7960 8684 3 barons baron NNS 7960 8684 4 , , , 7960 8684 5 counts count NNS 7960 8684 6 , , , 7960 8684 7 and and CC 7960 8684 8 dukes duke NNS 7960 8684 9 had have VBD 7960 8684 10 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8684 11 separate separate JJ 7960 8684 12 courts court NNS 7960 8684 13 , , , 7960 8684 14 and and CC 7960 8684 15 the the DT 7960 8684 16 king king NN 7960 8684 17 had have VBD 7960 8684 18 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8684 19 court court NN 7960 8684 20 above above IN 7960 8684 21 all all DT 7960 8684 22 . . . 7960 8685 1 Cases case NNS 7960 8685 2 arising arise VBG 7960 8685 3 on on IN 7960 8685 4 the the DT 7960 8685 5 lord lord NNP 7960 8685 6 's 's POS 7960 8685 7 estate estate NN 7960 8685 8 were be VBD 7960 8685 9 tried try VBN 7960 8685 10 before before IN 7960 8685 11 him -PRON- PRP 7960 8685 12 and and CC 7960 8685 13 the the DT 7960 8685 14 vassals vassal NNS 7960 8685 15 whom whom WP 7960 8685 16 he -PRON- PRP 7960 8685 17 called call VBD 7960 8685 18 to to IN 7960 8685 19 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8685 20 assistance assistance NN 7960 8685 21 in in IN 7960 8685 22 giving give VBG 7960 8685 23 justice justice NN 7960 8685 24 . . . 7960 8686 1 Since since IN 7960 8686 2 most most JJS 7960 8686 3 wrongs wrong NNS 7960 8686 4 could could MD 7960 8686 5 be be VB 7960 8686 6 atoned atone VBN 7960 8686 7 for for IN 7960 8686 8 by by IN 7960 8686 9 the the DT 7960 8686 10 payment payment NN 7960 8686 11 of of IN 7960 8686 12 a a DT 7960 8686 13 fine fine NN 7960 8686 14 , , , 7960 8686 15 the the DT 7960 8686 16 conduct conduct NN 7960 8686 17 of of IN 7960 8686 18 justice justice NN 7960 8686 19 on on IN 7960 8686 20 a a DT 7960 8686 21 large large JJ 7960 8686 22 fief fief NN 7960 8686 23 produced produce VBD 7960 8686 24 a a DT 7960 8686 25 considerable considerable JJ 7960 8686 26 income income NN 7960 8686 27 . . . 7960 8687 1 The the DT 7960 8687 2 nobles noble NNS 7960 8687 3 , , , 7960 8687 4 accordingly accordingly RB 7960 8687 5 , , , 7960 8687 6 regarded regard VBD 7960 8687 7 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8687 8 judicial judicial JJ 7960 8687 9 rights right NNS 7960 8687 10 as as IN 7960 8687 11 a a DT 7960 8687 12 valuable valuable JJ 7960 8687 13 property property NN 7960 8687 14 , , , 7960 8687 15 which which WDT 7960 8687 16 they -PRON- PRP 7960 8687 17 were be VBD 7960 8687 18 loath loath JJ 7960 8687 19 to to TO 7960 8687 20 surrender surrender VB 7960 8687 21 to to IN 7960 8687 22 the the DT 7960 8687 23 state state NN 7960 8687 24 . . . 7960 8688 1 JUDICIAL JUDICIAL NNP 7960 8688 2 ADMINISTRATION ADMINISTRATION NNP 7960 8688 3 The the DT 7960 8688 4 law law NN 7960 8688 5 followed follow VBD 7960 8688 6 in in IN 7960 8688 7 a a DT 7960 8688 8 feudal feudal JJ 7960 8688 9 court court NN 7960 8688 10 was be VBD 7960 8688 11 largely largely RB 7960 8688 12 based base VBN 7960 8688 13 on on IN 7960 8688 14 old old JJ 7960 8688 15 Germanic germanic JJ 7960 8688 16 customs custom NNS 7960 8688 17 . . . 7960 8689 1 The the DT 7960 8689 2 court court NN 7960 8689 3 did do VBD 7960 8689 4 not not RB 7960 8689 5 act act VB 7960 8689 6 in in IN 7960 8689 7 the the DT 7960 8689 8 public public JJ 7960 8689 9 interest interest NN 7960 8689 10 , , , 7960 8689 11 as as IN 7960 8689 12 with with IN 7960 8689 13 us -PRON- PRP 7960 8689 14 , , , 7960 8689 15 but but CC 7960 8689 16 waited wait VBD 7960 8689 17 until until IN 7960 8689 18 the the DT 7960 8689 19 plaintiff plaintiff NN 7960 8689 20 requested request VBN 7960 8689 21 service service NN 7960 8689 22 . . . 7960 8690 1 Moreover moreover RB 7960 8690 2 , , , 7960 8690 3 until until IN 7960 8690 4 the the DT 7960 8690 5 case case NN 7960 8690 6 had have VBD 7960 8690 7 been be VBN 7960 8690 8 decided decide VBN 7960 8690 9 , , , 7960 8690 10 the the DT 7960 8690 11 accuser accuser NN 7960 8690 12 and and CC 7960 8690 13 the the DT 7960 8690 14 accused accuse VBN 7960 8690 15 received receive VBD 7960 8690 16 the the DT 7960 8690 17 same same JJ 7960 8690 18 treatment treatment NN 7960 8690 19 . . . 7960 8691 1 Both both DT 7960 8691 2 were be VBD 7960 8691 3 imprisoned imprison VBN 7960 8691 4 ; ; : 7960 8691 5 and and CC 7960 8691 6 the the DT 7960 8691 7 plaintiff plaintiff NN 7960 8691 8 who who WP 7960 8691 9 lost lose VBD 7960 8691 10 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8691 11 case case NN 7960 8691 12 suffered suffer VBD 7960 8691 13 the the DT 7960 8691 14 same same JJ 7960 8691 15 penalty penalty NN 7960 8691 16 which which WDT 7960 8691 17 the the DT 7960 8691 18 defendant defendant NN 7960 8691 19 , , , 7960 8691 20 had have VBD 7960 8691 21 he -PRON- PRP 7960 8691 22 been be VBN 7960 8691 23 found find VBN 7960 8691 24 guilty guilty JJ 7960 8691 25 , , , 7960 8691 26 would would MD 7960 8691 27 have have VB 7960 8691 28 undergone undergo VBN 7960 8691 29 . . . 7960 8692 1 THE the DT 7960 8692 2 OATH OATH NNP 7960 8692 3 Unlike unlike IN 7960 8692 4 a a DT 7960 8692 5 modern modern JJ 7960 8692 6 court court NN 7960 8692 7 , , , 7960 8692 8 again again RB 7960 8692 9 , , , 7960 8692 10 the the DT 7960 8692 11 feudal feudal JJ 7960 8692 12 court court NN 7960 8692 13 did do VBD 7960 8692 14 not not RB 7960 8692 15 require require VB 7960 8692 16 the the DT 7960 8692 17 accuser accuser NN 7960 8692 18 to to TO 7960 8692 19 prove prove VB 7960 8692 20 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8692 21 case case NN 7960 8692 22 by by IN 7960 8692 23 calling call VBG 7960 8692 24 witnesses witness NNS 7960 8692 25 and and CC 7960 8692 26 having have VBG 7960 8692 27 them -PRON- PRP 7960 8692 28 give give VB 7960 8692 29 testimony testimony NN 7960 8692 30 . . . 7960 8693 1 The the DT 7960 8693 2 burden burden NN 7960 8693 3 of of IN 7960 8693 4 proof proof NN 7960 8693 5 lay lie VBD 7960 8693 6 on on IN 7960 8693 7 the the DT 7960 8693 8 accused accuse VBN 7960 8693 9 , , , 7960 8693 10 who who WP 7960 8693 11 had have VBD 7960 8693 12 to to TO 7960 8693 13 clear clear VB 7960 8693 14 himself -PRON- PRP 7960 8693 15 of of IN 7960 8693 16 the the DT 7960 8693 17 charge charge NN 7960 8693 18 , , , 7960 8693 19 if if IN 7960 8693 20 he -PRON- PRP 7960 8693 21 could could MD 7960 8693 22 do do VB 7960 8693 23 so so RB 7960 8693 24 . . . 7960 8694 1 In in IN 7960 8694 2 one one CD 7960 8694 3 form form NN 7960 8694 4 of of IN 7960 8694 5 trial trial NN 7960 8694 6 it -PRON- PRP 7960 8694 7 was be VBD 7960 8694 8 enough enough JJ 7960 8694 9 for for IN 7960 8694 10 him -PRON- PRP 7960 8694 11 to to TO 7960 8694 12 declare declare VB 7960 8694 13 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8694 14 innocence innocence NN 7960 8694 15 under under IN 7960 8694 16 oath oath NN 7960 8694 17 , , , 7960 8694 18 and and CC 7960 8694 19 then then RB 7960 8694 20 to to TO 7960 8694 21 bring bring VB 7960 8694 22 in in RB 7960 8694 23 several several JJ 7960 8694 24 " " `` 7960 8694 25 oath- oath- JJ 7960 8694 26 helpers helper NNS 7960 8694 27 , , , 7960 8694 28 " " '' 7960 8694 29 sometimes sometimes RB 7960 8694 30 relatives relative NNS 7960 8694 31 , , , 7960 8694 32 but but CC 7960 8694 33 more more RBR 7960 8694 34 often often RB 7960 8694 35 neighbors neighbor NNS 7960 8694 36 , , , 7960 8694 37 who who WP 7960 8694 38 swore swear VBD 7960 8694 39 that that IN 7960 8694 40 they -PRON- PRP 7960 8694 41 believed believe VBD 7960 8694 42 him -PRON- PRP 7960 8694 43 to to TO 7960 8694 44 be be VB 7960 8694 45 telling tell VBG 7960 8694 46 the the DT 7960 8694 47 truth truth NN 7960 8694 48 . . . 7960 8695 1 The the DT 7960 8695 2 number number NN 7960 8695 3 of of IN 7960 8695 4 these these DT 7960 8695 5 " " `` 7960 8695 6 oath- oath- JJ 7960 8695 7 helpers helper NNS 7960 8695 8 " " '' 7960 8695 9 varied vary VBD 7960 8695 10 according accord VBG 7960 8695 11 to to IN 7960 8695 12 the the DT 7960 8695 13 seriousness seriousness NN 7960 8695 14 of of IN 7960 8695 15 the the DT 7960 8695 16 crime crime NN 7960 8695 17 and and CC 7960 8695 18 the the DT 7960 8695 19 rank rank NN 7960 8695 20 of of IN 7960 8695 21 the the DT 7960 8695 22 accused accuse VBN 7960 8695 23 . . . 7960 8696 1 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take VB 7960 8697 3 an an DT 7960 8697 4 oath oath NN 7960 8697 5 was be VBD 7960 8697 6 a a DT 7960 8697 7 very very RB 7960 8697 8 solemn solemn JJ 7960 8697 9 proceeding proceeding NN 7960 8697 10 ; ; : 7960 8697 11 it -PRON- PRP 7960 8697 12 was be VBD 7960 8697 13 an an DT 7960 8697 14 appeal appeal NN 7960 8697 15 to to IN 7960 8697 16 God God NNP 7960 8697 17 , , , 7960 8697 18 by by IN 7960 8697 19 which which WDT 7960 8697 20 a a DT 7960 8697 21 man man NN 7960 8697 22 called call VBN 7960 8697 23 down down RP 7960 8697 24 on on IN 7960 8697 25 himself -PRON- PRP 7960 8697 26 divine divine JJ 7960 8697 27 punishment punishment NN 7960 8697 28 if if IN 7960 8697 29 he -PRON- PRP 7960 8697 30 swore swear VBD 7960 8697 31 falsely falsely RB 7960 8697 32 . . . 7960 8698 1 ORDEALS ORDEALS NNP 7960 8698 2 The the DT 7960 8698 3 consequences consequence NNS 7960 8698 4 of of IN 7960 8698 5 a a DT 7960 8698 6 false false JJ 7960 8698 7 oath oath NN 7960 8698 8 were be VBD 7960 8698 9 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DT 7960 8703 2 man man NN 7960 8703 3 established establish VBD 7960 8703 4 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8703 5 innocence innocence NN 7960 8703 6 through through IN 7960 8703 7 one one CD 7960 8703 8 of of IN 7960 8703 9 these these DT 7960 8703 10 tests test NNS 7960 8703 11 , , , 7960 8703 12 if if IN 7960 8703 13 the the DT 7960 8703 14 wound wound NN 7960 8703 15 healed heal VBN 7960 8703 16 properly properly RB 7960 8703 17 after after IN 7960 8703 18 three three CD 7960 8703 19 days day NNS 7960 8703 20 . . . 7960 8704 1 The the DT 7960 8704 2 ordeal ordeal NN 7960 8704 3 by by IN 7960 8704 4 cold cold JJ 7960 8704 5 water water NN 7960 8704 6 rested rest VBN 7960 8704 7 on on IN 7960 8704 8 the the DT 7960 8704 9 belief belief NN 7960 8704 10 that that IN 7960 8704 11 pure pure JJ 7960 8704 12 water water NN 7960 8704 13 would would MD 7960 8704 14 reject reject VB 7960 8704 15 the the DT 7960 8704 16 criminal criminal NN 7960 8704 17 . . . 7960 8705 1 Hence hence RB 7960 8705 2 the the DT 7960 8705 3 accused accuse VBN 7960 8705 4 was be VBD 7960 8705 5 thrown throw VBN 7960 8705 6 bound bind VBN 7960 8705 7 into into IN 7960 8705 8 a a DT 7960 8705 9 stream stream NN 7960 8705 10 : : : 7960 8705 11 if if IN 7960 8705 12 he -PRON- PRP 7960 8705 13 floated float VBD 7960 8705 14 he -PRON- PRP 7960 8705 15 was be VBD 7960 8705 16 guilty guilty JJ 7960 8705 17 ; ; : 7960 8705 18 if if IN 7960 8705 19 he -PRON- PRP 7960 8705 20 sank sink VBD 7960 8705 21 he -PRON- PRP 7960 8705 22 was be VBD 7960 8705 23 innocent innocent JJ 7960 8705 24 and and CC 7960 8705 25 had have VBD 7960 8705 26 to to TO 7960 8705 27 be be VB 7960 8705 28 rescued rescue VBN 7960 8705 29 . . . 7960 8706 1 Though though IN 7960 8706 2 a a DT 7960 8706 3 crude crude JJ 7960 8706 4 method method NN 7960 8706 5 of of IN 7960 8706 6 securing secure VBG 7960 8706 7 justice justice NN 7960 8706 8 , , , 7960 8706 9 ordeals ordeal NNS 7960 8706 10 were be VBD 7960 8706 11 doubtless doubtless RB 7960 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the the DT 7960 8712 12 law law NN 7960 8712 13 courts court NNS 7960 8712 14 , , , 7960 8712 15 it -PRON- PRP 7960 8712 16 still still RB 7960 8712 17 continued continue VBD 7960 8712 18 to to TO 7960 8712 19 be be VB 7960 8712 20 employed employ VBN 7960 8712 21 privately privately RB 7960 8712 22 , , , 7960 8712 23 as as IN 7960 8712 24 a a DT 7960 8712 25 means means NN 7960 8712 26 of of IN 7960 8712 27 settling settle VBG 7960 8712 28 disputes dispute NNS 7960 8712 29 which which WDT 7960 8712 30 involved involve VBD 7960 8712 31 a a DT 7960 8712 32 man man NN 7960 8712 33 's 's POS 7960 8712 34 honor honor NN 7960 8712 35 . . . 7960 8713 1 The the DT 7960 8713 2 practice practice NN 7960 8713 3 of of IN 7960 8713 4 dueling dueling NN 7960 8713 5 is be VBZ 7960 8713 6 only only RB 7960 8713 7 now now RB 7960 8713 8 dying die VBG 7960 8713 9 out out RP 7960 8713 10 in in IN 7960 8713 11 civilized civilized JJ 7960 8713 12 communities community NNS 7960 8713 13 . . . 7960 8714 1 [ 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sharp JJ 7960 8716 8 contrast contrast NN 7960 8716 9 to to IN 7960 8716 10 Roman roman JJ 7960 8716 11 law law NN 7960 8716 12 , , , 7960 8716 13 which which WDT 7960 8716 14 acted act VBD 7960 8716 15 in in IN 7960 8716 16 the the DT 7960 8716 17 public public JJ 7960 8716 18 interest interest NN 7960 8716 19 , , , 7960 8716 20 balanced balanced JJ 7960 8716 21 evidence evidence NN 7960 8716 22 , , , 7960 8716 23 and and CC 7960 8716 24 sought seek VBD 7960 8716 25 only only RB 7960 8716 26 to to TO 7960 8716 27 get get VB 7960 8716 28 at at IN 7960 8716 29 the the DT 7960 8716 30 truth truth NN 7960 8716 31 . . . 7960 8717 1 After after IN 7960 8717 2 the the DT 7960 8717 3 middle middle NN 7960 8717 4 of of IN 7960 8717 5 the the DT 7960 8717 6 twelfth twelfth JJ 7960 8717 7 century century NN 7960 8717 8 the the DT 7960 8717 9 revival revival NN 7960 8717 10 of of IN 7960 8717 11 the the DT 7960 8717 12 study study NN 7960 8717 13 of of IN 7960 8717 14 Roman roman JJ 7960 8717 15 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A.D. NNP 7960 8729 24 ] ] -RRB- 7960 8729 25 ARMS arm NNS 7960 8729 26 AND and CC 7960 8729 27 ARMOR armor NN 7960 8729 28 The the DT 7960 8729 29 armor armor NN 7960 8729 30 used use VBN 7960 8729 31 in in IN 7960 8729 32 the the DT 7960 8729 33 Middle Middle NNP 7960 8729 34 Ages Ages NNPS 7960 8729 35 was be VBD 7960 8729 36 gradually gradually RB 7960 8729 37 perfected perfect VBN 7960 8729 38 , , , 7960 8729 39 until until IN 7960 8729 40 at at IN 7960 8729 41 length length NN 7960 8729 42 the the DT 7960 8729 43 knight knight NN 7960 8729 44 became become VBD 7960 8729 45 a a DT 7960 8729 46 living living NN 7960 8729 47 fortress fortress NN 7960 8729 48 . . . 7960 8730 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 8730 2 9 9 CD 7960 8730 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 8730 4 In in IN 7960 8730 5 the the DT 7960 8730 6 early early JJ 7960 8730 7 feudal feudal JJ 7960 8730 8 period period NN 7960 8730 9 he -PRON- PRP 7960 8730 10 wore wear VBD 7960 8730 11 a a DT 7960 8730 12 cloth cloth NN 7960 8730 13 or or CC 7960 8730 14 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have VB 7960 8745 24 been be VBN 7960 8745 25 strictly strictly RB 7960 8745 26 observed observe VBN 7960 8745 27 except except IN 7960 8745 28 in in IN 7960 8745 29 limited limited JJ 7960 8745 30 areas area NNS 7960 8745 31 . . . 7960 8746 1 ABOLITION abolition NN 7960 8746 2 OF of IN 7960 8746 3 PRIVATE private JJ 7960 8746 4 WARFARE WARFARE NNP 7960 8746 5 As as IN 7960 8746 6 the the DT 7960 8746 7 power power NN 7960 8746 8 of of IN 7960 8746 9 the the DT 7960 8746 10 kings king NNS 7960 8746 11 increased increase VBD 7960 8746 12 in in IN 7960 8746 13 western western JJ 7960 8746 14 Europe Europe NNP 7960 8746 15 , , , 7960 8746 16 they -PRON- PRP 7960 8746 17 naturally naturally RB 7960 8746 18 sought seek VBD 7960 8746 19 to to TO 7960 8746 20 put put VB 7960 8746 21 an an DT 7960 8746 22 end end NN 7960 8746 23 to to IN 7960 8746 24 the the DT 7960 8746 25 constant constant JJ 7960 8746 26 fighting fighting NN 7960 8746 27 between between IN 7960 8746 28 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8746 29 subjects subject NNS 7960 8746 30 . . . 7960 8747 1 The the DT 7960 8747 2 Norman Norman NNP 7960 8747 3 rulers ruler NNS 7960 8747 4 of of IN 7960 8747 5 Normandy Normandy NNP 7960 8747 6 , , , 7960 8747 7 England England NNP 7960 8747 8 , , , 7960 8747 9 and and CC 7960 8747 10 Sicily Sicily NNP 7960 8747 11 restrained restrain VBD 7960 8747 12 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8747 13 turbulent turbulent JJ 7960 8747 14 nobles noble NNS 7960 8747 15 with with IN 7960 8747 16 a a DT 7960 8747 17 strong strong JJ 7960 8747 18 hand hand NN 7960 8747 19 . . . 7960 8748 1 Peace peace NN 7960 8748 2 came come VBD 7960 8748 3 later later RB 7960 8748 4 in in IN 7960 8748 5 most most JJS 7960 8748 6 parts part NNS 7960 8748 7 of of IN 7960 8748 8 the the DT 7960 8748 9 Continent continent NN 7960 8748 10 ; ; : 7960 8748 11 in in IN 7960 8748 12 Germany Germany NNP 7960 8748 13 , , , 7960 8748 14 " " `` 7960 8748 15 fist fist JJ 7960 8748 16 right right RB 7960 8748 17 " " '' 7960 8748 18 ( ( -LRB- 7960 8748 19 the the DT 7960 8748 20 rule rule NN 7960 8748 21 of of IN 7960 8748 22 the the DT 7960 8748 23 strongest strong JJS 7960 8748 24 ) ) -RRB- 7960 8748 25 prevailed prevail VBD 7960 8748 26 until until IN 7960 8748 27 the the DT 7960 8748 28 end end NN 7960 8748 29 of of IN 7960 8748 30 the the DT 7960 8748 31 fifteenth fifteenth JJ 7960 8748 32 century century NN 7960 8748 33 . . . 7960 8749 1 The the DT 7960 8749 2 abolition abolition NN 7960 8749 3 of of IN 7960 8749 4 private private JJ 7960 8749 5 war war NN 7960 8749 6 was be VBD 7960 8749 7 the the DT 7960 8749 8 first first JJ 7960 8749 9 step step NN 7960 8749 10 in in IN 7960 8749 11 Europe Europe NNP 7960 8749 12 toward toward IN 7960 8749 13 universal universal JJ 7960 8749 14 peace peace NN 7960 8749 15 . . . 7960 8750 1 The the DT 7960 8750 2 second second JJ 7960 8750 3 step step NN 7960 8750 4 -- -- : 7960 8750 5 the the DT 7960 8750 6 abolition abolition NN 7960 8750 7 of of IN 7960 8750 8 public public JJ 7960 8750 9 war war NN 7960 8750 10 between between IN 7960 8750 11 nations nation NNS 7960 8750 12 -- -- : 7960 8750 13 is be VBZ 7960 8750 14 yet yet RB 7960 8750 15 to to TO 7960 8750 16 be be VB 7960 8750 17 taken take VBN 7960 8750 18 . . . 7960 8751 1 153 153 CD 7960 8751 2 . . . 7960 8752 1 THE the DT 7960 8752 2 CASTLE CASTLE NNP 7960 8752 3 AND and CC 7960 8752 4 LIFE life NN 7960 8752 5 OF of IN 7960 8752 6 THE the DT 7960 8752 7 NOBLES NOBLES NNP 7960 8752 8 DEVELOPMENT DEVELOPMENT NNP 7960 8752 9 OF of IN 7960 8752 10 THE the DT 7960 8752 11 CASTLE CASTLE NNP 7960 8752 12 The the DT 7960 8752 13 outward outward JJ 7960 8752 14 mark mark NN 7960 8752 15 of of IN 7960 8752 16 feudalism feudalism NN 7960 8752 17 was be VBD 7960 8752 18 the the DT 7960 8752 19 castle castle NN 7960 8752 20 , , , 7960 8752 21 [ [ -LRB- 7960 8752 22 10 10 CD 7960 8752 23 ] ] -RRB- 7960 8752 24 where where WRB 7960 8752 25 the the DT 7960 8752 26 lord lord NNP 7960 8752 27 resided reside VBD 7960 8752 28 and and CC 7960 8752 29 from from IN 7960 8752 30 which which WDT 7960 8752 31 he -PRON- PRP 7960 8752 32 ruled rule VBD 7960 8752 33 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8752 34 fief fief NN 7960 8752 35 . . . 7960 8753 1 In in IN 7960 8753 2 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8753 3 earliest early JJS 7960 8753 4 form form NN 7960 8753 5 the the DT 7960 8753 6 castle castle NN 7960 8753 7 was be VBD 7960 8753 8 simply simply RB 7960 8753 9 a a DT 7960 8753 10 wooden wooden JJ 7960 8753 11 blockhouse blockhouse NN 7960 8753 12 placed place VBN 7960 8753 13 on on IN 7960 8753 14 a a DT 7960 8753 15 mound mound NN 7960 8753 16 and and CC 7960 8753 17 surrounded surround VBN 7960 8753 18 by by IN 7960 8753 19 a a DT 7960 8753 20 stockade stockade NN 7960 8753 21 . . . 7960 8754 1 About about IN 7960 8754 2 the the DT 7960 8754 3 beginning beginning NN 7960 8754 4 of of IN 7960 8754 5 the the DT 7960 8754 6 twelfth twelfth JJ 7960 8754 7 century century NN 7960 8754 8 the the DT 7960 8754 9 nobles noble NNS 7960 8754 10 began begin VBD 7960 8754 11 to to TO 7960 8754 12 build build VB 7960 8754 13 in in IN 7960 8754 14 stone stone NN 7960 8754 15 , , , 7960 8754 16 which which WDT 7960 8754 17 would would MD 7960 8754 18 better well RBR 7960 8754 19 resist resist VB 7960 8754 20 fire fire NN 7960 8754 21 and and CC 7960 8754 22 the the DT 7960 8754 23 assaults assault NNS 7960 8754 24 of of IN 7960 8754 25 besiegers besieger NNS 7960 8754 26 . . . 7960 8755 1 A a DT 7960 8755 2 stone stone NN 7960 8755 3 castle castle NN 7960 8755 4 consisted consist VBD 7960 8755 5 at at IN 7960 8755 6 first first RB 7960 8755 7 of of IN 7960 8755 8 a a DT 7960 8755 9 single single JJ 7960 8755 10 tower tower NN 7960 8755 11 , , , 7960 8755 12 square square NN 7960 8755 13 or or CC 7960 8755 14 round round JJ 7960 8755 15 , , , 7960 8755 16 with with IN 7960 8755 17 thick thick JJ 7960 8755 18 walls wall NNS 7960 8755 19 , , , 7960 8755 20 few few JJ 7960 8755 21 windows window NNS 7960 8755 22 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8758 29 a a DT 7960 8758 30 typical typical JJ 7960 8758 31 monastery monastery NN 7960 8758 32 . . . 7960 8758 33 ] ] -RRB- 7960 8759 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 8759 2 Illustration illustration NN 7960 8759 3 : : : 7960 8759 4 PIERREFONDS PIERREFONDS NNP 7960 8759 5 A a DT 7960 8759 6 castle castle NN 7960 8759 7 near near IN 7960 8759 8 Paris Paris NNP 7960 8759 9 built build VBN 7960 8759 10 about about IN 7960 8759 11 1400 1400 CD 7960 8759 12 A.D. 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7960 8777 41 tower tower NN 7960 8777 42 ( ( -LRB- 7960 8777 43 " " `` 7960 8777 44 keep keep VB 7960 8777 45 " " '' 7960 8777 46 ) ) -RRB- 7960 8777 47 , , , 7960 8777 48 where where WRB 7960 8777 49 the the DT 7960 8777 50 lord lord NNP 7960 8777 51 and and CC 7960 8777 52 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8777 53 family family NN 7960 8777 54 lived live VBD 7960 8777 55 , , , 7960 8777 56 especially especially RB 7960 8777 57 in in IN 7960 8777 58 time time NN 7960 8777 59 of of IN 7960 8777 60 war war NN 7960 8777 61 . . . 7960 8778 1 At at IN 7960 8778 2 the the DT 7960 8778 3 summit summit NN 7960 8778 4 of of IN 7960 8778 5 the the DT 7960 8778 6 keep keep NN 7960 8778 7 rose rise VBD 7960 8778 8 a a DT 7960 8778 9 platform platform NN 7960 8778 10 whence whence NN 7960 8778 11 the the DT 7960 8778 12 sentinel sentinel NN 7960 8778 13 surveyed survey VBD 7960 8778 14 the the DT 7960 8778 15 country country NN 7960 8778 16 far far RB 7960 8778 17 and and CC 7960 8778 18 wide wide RB 7960 8778 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games game NNS 7960 8788 5 , , , 7960 8788 6 especially especially RB 7960 8788 7 chess chess NN 7960 8788 8 , , , 7960 8788 9 which which WDT 7960 8788 10 the the DT 7960 8788 11 nobles noble NNS 7960 8788 12 learned learn VBN 7960 8788 13 from from IN 7960 8788 14 the the DT 7960 8788 15 Moslems Moslems NNPS 7960 8788 16 . . . 7960 8789 1 Banqueting banqueting NN 7960 8789 2 , , , 7960 8789 3 however however RB 7960 8789 4 , , , 7960 8789 5 formed form VBD 7960 8789 6 the the DT 7960 8789 7 chief chief JJ 7960 8789 8 indoor indoor JJ 7960 8789 9 amusement amusement NN 7960 8789 10 . . . 7960 8790 1 The the DT 7960 8790 2 lord lord NNP 7960 8790 3 and and CC 7960 8790 4 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8790 5 retainers retainer NNS 7960 8790 6 sat sit VBD 7960 8790 7 down down RP 7960 8790 8 to to IN 7960 8790 9 a a DT 7960 8790 10 gluttonous gluttonous JJ 7960 8790 11 feast feast NN 7960 8790 12 and and CC 7960 8790 13 , , , 7960 8790 14 as as IN 7960 8790 15 they -PRON- PRP 7960 8790 16 ate eat VBD 7960 8790 17 and and CC 7960 8790 18 drank drank VB 7960 8790 19 , , , 7960 8790 20 watched watch VBD 7960 8790 21 the the DT 7960 8790 22 pranks prank NNS 7960 8790 23 of of IN 7960 8790 24 a a DT 7960 8790 25 professional professional JJ 7960 8790 26 jester jester NN 7960 8790 27 or or CC 7960 8790 28 listened listen VBD 7960 8790 29 to to IN 7960 8790 30 the the DT 7960 8790 31 songs song NNS 7960 8790 32 and and CC 7960 8790 33 music music NN 7960 8790 34 of of IN 7960 8790 35 ministrels ministrel NNS 7960 8790 36 or or CC 7960 8790 37 , , , 7960 8790 38 it -PRON- PRP 7960 8790 39 may may MD 7960 8790 40 be be VB 7960 8790 41 , , , 7960 8790 42 heard hear VBN 7960 8790 43 with with IN 7960 8790 44 wonder wonder NN 7960 8790 45 the the DT 7960 8790 46 tales tale NNS 7960 8790 47 of of IN 7960 8790 48 far far RB 7960 8790 49 - - HYPH 7960 8790 50 off off RP 7960 8790 51 countries country NNS 7960 8790 52 brought bring VBN 7960 8790 53 by by RP 7960 8790 54 some some DT 7960 8790 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developed develop VBD 7960 8809 21 into into IN 7960 8809 22 chivalry chivalry NN 7960 8809 23 . . . 7960 8810 1 The the DT 7960 8810 2 Church Church NNP 7960 8810 3 , , , 7960 8810 4 which which WDT 7960 8810 5 opposed oppose VBD 7960 8810 6 the the DT 7960 8810 7 warlike warlike JJ 7960 8810 8 excesses excess NNS 7960 8810 9 of of IN 7960 8810 10 feudalism feudalism NN 7960 8810 11 , , , 7960 8810 12 took take VBD 7960 8810 13 the the DT 7960 8810 14 knight knight NN 7960 8810 15 under under IN 7960 8810 16 her -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8810 17 wing wing NN 7960 8810 18 and and CC 7960 8810 19 bade bade VB 7960 8810 20 him -PRON- PRP 7960 8810 21 be be VB 7960 8810 22 always always RB 7960 8810 23 a a DT 7960 8810 24 true true JJ 7960 8810 25 soldier soldier NN 7960 8810 26 of of IN 7960 8810 27 Christ Christ NNP 7960 8810 28 . . . 7960 8811 1 To to IN 7960 8811 2 the the DT 7960 8811 3 rude rude JJ 7960 8811 4 virtues virtue NNS 7960 8811 5 of of IN 7960 8811 6 fidelity fidelity NN 7960 8811 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26 , , , 7960 8812 27 widows widow NNS 7960 8812 28 , , , 7960 8812 29 and and CC 7960 8812 30 orphans orphan NNS 7960 8812 31 against against IN 7960 8812 32 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8812 33 oppressors oppressor NNS 7960 8812 34 , , , 7960 8812 35 and and CC 7960 8812 36 who who WP 7960 8812 37 sought seek VBD 7960 8812 38 to to TO 7960 8812 39 make make VB 7960 8812 40 justice justice NN 7960 8812 41 and and CC 7960 8812 42 right right RB 7960 8812 43 prevail prevail VB 7960 8812 44 in in IN 7960 8812 45 the the DT 7960 8812 46 world world NN 7960 8812 47 . . . 7960 8813 1 Chivalry chivalry VB 7960 8813 2 thus thus RB 7960 8813 3 marked mark VBD 7960 8813 4 the the DT 7960 8813 5 union union NNP 7960 8813 6 of of IN 7960 8813 7 pagan pagan NNP 7960 8813 8 and and CC 7960 8813 9 Christian christian JJ 7960 8813 10 virtues virtue NNS 7960 8813 11 , , , 7960 8813 12 of of IN 7960 8813 13 Christianity Christianity NNP 7960 8813 14 and and CC 7960 8813 15 the the DT 7960 8813 16 profession 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37 bare bare JJ 7960 8816 38 shield shield NN 7960 8816 39 ; ; : 7960 8816 40 and and CC 7960 8816 41 thou thou NNP 7960 8816 42 wert wert VB 7960 8816 43 the the DT 7960 8816 44 truest true JJS 7960 8816 45 friend friend NN 7960 8816 46 to to TO 7960 8816 47 thy thy VB 7960 8816 48 lover lover NN 7960 8816 49 that that WDT 7960 8816 50 ever ever RB 7960 8816 51 bestrode bestrode VBP 7960 8816 52 horse horse NN 7960 8816 53 ; ; : 7960 8816 54 and and CC 7960 8816 55 thou thou NNP 7960 8816 56 wert wert NN 7960 8816 57 the the DT 7960 8816 58 truest true JJS 7960 8816 59 lover lover NN 7960 8816 60 among among IN 7960 8816 61 sinful sinful JJ 7960 8816 62 men man NNS 7960 8816 63 that that WDT 7960 8816 64 ever ever RB 7960 8816 65 loved love VBD 7960 8816 66 woman woman NN 7960 8816 67 ; ; : 7960 8816 68 and and CC 7960 8816 69 thou thou NNP 7960 8816 70 wert wert VB 7960 8816 71 the the DT 7960 8816 72 kindest kindest NNP 7960 8816 73 man man NN 7960 8816 74 that that WDT 7960 8816 75 ever ever RB 7960 8816 76 struck strike VBD 7960 8816 77 with with IN 7960 8816 78 sword sword NN 7960 8816 79 ; ; : 7960 8816 80 and and CC 7960 8816 81 thou thou NNP 7960 8816 82 wert wert VB 7960 8816 83 the the DT 7960 8816 84 goodliest goodly JJS 7960 8816 85 person person NN 7960 8816 86 that that WDT 7960 8816 87 ever ever RB 7960 8816 88 came come VBD 7960 8816 89 among among IN 7960 8816 90 press press NN 7960 8816 91 of of IN 7960 8816 92 knights knight NNS 7960 8816 93 ; ; : 7960 8816 94 and and CC 7960 8816 95 thou thou NNP 7960 8816 96 wert wert VB 7960 8816 97 the the DT 7960 8816 98 meekest meek JJS 7960 8816 99 man man NN 7960 8816 100 , , , 7960 8816 101 and and CC 7960 8816 102 the the DT 7960 8816 103 gentlest gentle JJS 7960 8816 104 , , , 7960 8816 105 that that WDT 7960 8816 106 ever ever RB 7960 8816 107 ate eat VBD 7960 8816 108 in in IN 7960 8816 109 hall hall NN 7960 8816 110 among among IN 7960 8816 111 ladies lady NNS 7960 8816 112 ; ; : 7960 8816 113 and and CC 7960 8816 114 thou thou NNP 7960 8816 115 wert wert NN 7960 8816 116 the the DT 7960 8816 117 sternest stern JJS 7960 8816 118 knight knight NN 7960 8816 119 to to IN 7960 8816 120 thy thy PRP$ 7960 8816 121 mortal mortal JJ 7960 8816 122 foe foe NN 7960 8816 123 that that WDT 7960 8816 124 ever ever RB 7960 8816 125 put put VBP 7960 8816 126 spear spear NN 7960 8816 127 in in IN 7960 8816 128 the the DT 7960 8816 129 rest rest NN 7960 8816 130 . . . 7960 8816 131 ' ' '' 7960 8816 132 " " '' 7960 8817 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 8817 2 13 13 CD 7960 8817 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 8817 4 JOUSTS joust NNS 7960 8817 5 AND and CC 7960 8817 6 TOURNAMENTS TOURNAMENTS NNP 7960 8817 7 The the DT 7960 8817 8 all all RB 7960 8817 9 - - HYPH 7960 8817 10 absorbing absorbing JJ 7960 8817 11 passion passion NN 7960 8817 12 for for IN 7960 8817 13 fighting fighting NN 7960 8817 14 led lead VBD 7960 8817 15 to to IN 7960 8817 16 the the DT 7960 8817 17 invention invention NN 7960 8817 18 of of IN 7960 8817 19 mimic mimic JJ 7960 8817 20 warfare warfare NN 7960 8817 21 in in IN 7960 8817 22 the the DT 7960 8817 23 shape shape NN 7960 8817 24 of of IN 7960 8817 25 jousts joust NNS 7960 8817 26 and and CC 7960 8817 27 tournaments tournament NNS 7960 8817 28 . . . 7960 8818 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 8818 2 14 14 CD 7960 8818 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 8818 4 These these DT 7960 8818 5 exercises exercise NNS 7960 8818 6 formed form VBD 7960 8818 7 the the DT 7960 8818 8 medieval medieval JJ 7960 8818 9 equivalent equivalent NN 7960 8818 10 of of IN 7960 8818 11 the the DT 7960 8818 12 Greek greek JJ 7960 8818 13 athletic athletic JJ 7960 8818 14 games game NNS 7960 8818 15 and and CC 7960 8818 16 the the DT 7960 8818 17 Roman roman JJ 7960 8818 18 gladiatorial gladiatorial NN 7960 8818 19 shows show NNS 7960 8818 20 . . . 7960 8819 1 The the DT 7960 8819 2 joust joust NN 7960 8819 3 was be VBD 7960 8819 4 a a DT 7960 8819 5 contest contest NN 7960 8819 6 between between IN 7960 8819 7 two two CD 7960 8819 8 knights knight NNS 7960 8819 9 ; ; : 7960 8819 10 the the DT 7960 8819 11 tournament tournament NN 7960 8819 12 , , , 7960 8819 13 between between IN 7960 8819 14 two two CD 7960 8819 15 bands band NNS 7960 8819 16 of of IN 7960 8819 17 knights knight NNS 7960 8819 18 . . . 7960 8820 1 The the DT 7960 8820 2 contests contest NNS 7960 8820 3 took take VBD 7960 8820 4 place place NN 7960 8820 5 in in IN 7960 8820 6 a a DT 7960 8820 7 railed rail VBN 7960 8820 8 - - HYPH 7960 8820 9 off off RP 7960 8820 10 space space NN 7960 8820 11 , , , 7960 8820 12 called call VBD 7960 8820 13 the the DT 7960 8820 14 " " `` 7960 8820 15 lists list NNS 7960 8820 16 , , , 7960 8820 17 " " '' 7960 8820 18 about about IN 7960 8820 19 which which WDT 7960 8820 20 the the DT 7960 8820 21 spectators spectator NNS 7960 8820 22 gathered gather VBD 7960 8820 23 . . . 7960 8821 1 Each each DT 7960 8821 2 knight knight NN 7960 8821 3 wore wear VBD 7960 8821 4 upon upon IN 7960 8821 5 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8821 6 helmet helmet NN 7960 8821 7 the the DT 7960 8821 8 scarf scarf NN 7960 8821 9 or or CC 7960 8821 10 color color NN 7960 8821 11 of of IN 7960 8821 12 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8821 13 lady lady NN 7960 8821 14 and and CC 7960 8821 15 fought fight VBD 7960 8821 16 with with IN 7960 8821 17 her -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8821 18 eyes eye NNS 7960 8821 19 upon upon IN 7960 8821 20 him -PRON- PRP 7960 8821 21 . . . 7960 8822 1 Victory victory NN 7960 8822 2 went go VBD 7960 8822 3 to to IN 7960 8822 4 the the DT 7960 8822 5 one one NN 7960 8822 6 who who WP 7960 8822 7 unhorsed unhorse VBD 7960 8822 8 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8822 9 opponent opponent NN 7960 8822 10 or or CC 7960 8822 11 broke break VBD 7960 8822 12 in in IN 7960 8822 13 the the DT 7960 8822 14 proper proper JJ 7960 8822 15 manner manner NN 7960 8822 16 the the DT 7960 8822 17 greatest great JJS 7960 8822 18 number number NN 7960 8822 19 of of IN 7960 8822 20 lances lance NNS 7960 8822 21 . . . 7960 8823 1 The the DT 7960 8823 2 beaten beaten NN 7960 8823 3 knight knight NN 7960 8823 4 forfeited forfeit VBD 7960 8823 5 horse horse NN 7960 8823 6 and and CC 7960 8823 7 armor armor NN 7960 8823 8 and and CC 7960 8823 9 had have VBD 7960 8823 10 to to TO 7960 8823 11 pay pay VB 7960 8823 12 a a DT 7960 8823 13 ransom ransom NN 7960 8823 14 to to IN 7960 8823 15 the the DT 7960 8823 16 conqueror conqueror NN 7960 8823 17 . . . 7960 8824 1 Sometimes sometimes RB 7960 8824 2 he -PRON- PRP 7960 8824 3 lost lose VBD 7960 8824 4 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8824 5 life life NN 7960 8824 6 , , , 7960 8824 7 especially especially RB 7960 8824 8 when when WRB 7960 8824 9 the the DT 7960 8824 10 participants participant NNS 7960 8824 11 fought fight VBD 7960 8824 12 with with IN 7960 8824 13 real real JJ 7960 8824 14 weapons weapon NNS 7960 8824 15 and and CC 7960 8824 16 not not RB 7960 8824 17 with with IN 7960 8824 18 blunted blunted JJ 7960 8824 19 lances lance NNS 7960 8824 20 and and CC 7960 8824 21 pointless pointless JJ 7960 8824 22 swords sword NNS 7960 8824 23 . . . 7960 8825 1 The the DT 7960 8825 2 Church Church NNP 7960 8825 3 now now RB 7960 8825 4 and and CC 7960 8825 5 then then RB 7960 8825 6 tried try VBD 7960 8825 7 to to TO 7960 8825 8 stop stop VB 7960 8825 9 these these DT 7960 8825 10 performances performance NNS 7960 8825 11 , , , 7960 8825 12 but but CC 7960 8825 13 they -PRON- PRP 7960 8825 14 remained remain VBD 7960 8825 15 universally universally RB 7960 8825 16 popular popular JJ 7960 8825 17 until until IN 7960 8825 18 the the DT 7960 8825 19 close close NN 7960 8825 20 of of IN 7960 8825 21 the the DT 7960 8825 22 Middle Middle NNP 7960 8825 23 Ages Ages NNPS 7960 8825 24 . . . 7960 8826 1 INFLUENCE influence NN 7960 8826 2 OF of IN 7960 8826 3 CHIVALRY CHIVALRY VBN 7960 8826 4 Chivalry Chivalry NNP 7960 8826 5 arose arise VBD 7960 8826 6 with with IN 7960 8826 7 feudalism feudalism NN 7960 8826 8 , , , 7960 8826 9 formed form VBN 7960 8826 10 , , , 7960 8826 11 in in IN 7960 8826 12 fact fact NN 7960 8826 13 , , , 7960 8826 14 the the DT 7960 8826 15 religion religion NN 7960 8826 16 of of IN 7960 8826 17 feudalism feudalism NN 7960 8826 18 , , , 7960 8826 19 and and CC 7960 8826 20 passed pass VBD 7960 8826 21 away away RP 7960 8826 22 only only RB 7960 8826 23 when when WRB 7960 8826 24 the the DT 7960 8826 25 changed change VBN 7960 8826 26 conditions condition NNS 7960 8826 27 of of IN 7960 8826 28 society society NN 7960 8826 29 made make VBD 7960 8826 30 feudalism feudalism NN 7960 8826 31 an an DT 7960 8826 32 anachronism anachronism NN 7960 8826 33 . . . 7960 8827 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 8827 2 15 15 CD 7960 8827 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 8827 4 While while IN 7960 8827 5 chivalry chivalry NN 7960 8827 6 lasted last VBD 7960 8827 7 , , , 7960 8827 8 it -PRON- PRP 7960 8827 9 produced produce VBD 7960 8827 10 some some DT 7960 8827 11 improvement improvement NN 7960 8827 12 in in IN 7960 8827 13 manners manner NNS 7960 8827 14 , , , 7960 8827 15 particularly particularly RB 7960 8827 16 by by IN 7960 8827 17 insisting insist VBG 7960 8827 18 on on IN 7960 8827 19 the the DT 7960 8827 20 notion notion NN 7960 8827 21 of of IN 7960 8827 22 personal personal JJ 7960 8827 23 honor honor NN 7960 8827 24 and and CC 7960 8827 25 by by IN 7960 8827 26 fostering foster VBG 7960 8827 27 greater great JJR 7960 8827 28 regard regard NN 7960 8827 29 for for IN 7960 8827 30 women woman NNS 7960 8827 31 ( ( -LRB- 7960 8827 32 though though IN 7960 8827 33 only only RB 7960 8827 34 for for IN 7960 8827 35 those those DT 7960 8827 36 of of IN 7960 8827 37 the the DT 7960 8827 38 upper upper JJ 7960 8827 39 class class NN 7960 8827 40 ) ) -RRB- 7960 8827 41 . . . 7960 8828 1 Our -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8828 2 modern modern JJ 7960 8828 3 notion notion NN 7960 8828 4 of of IN 7960 8828 5 the the DT 7960 8828 6 conduct conduct NN 7960 8828 7 befitting befit VBG 7960 8828 8 a a DT 7960 8828 9 " " `` 7960 8828 10 gentleman gentleman NN 7960 8828 11 " " '' 7960 8828 12 goes go VBZ 7960 8828 13 back back RB 7960 8828 14 to to IN 7960 8828 15 the the DT 7960 8828 16 old old JJ 7960 8828 17 chivalric chivalric JJ 7960 8828 18 code code NN 7960 8828 19 . . . 7960 8829 1 Chivalry Chivalry NNP 7960 8829 2 expressed express VBD 7960 8829 3 , , , 7960 8829 4 however however RB 7960 8829 5 , , , 7960 8829 6 simply simply RB 7960 8829 7 the the DT 7960 8829 8 sentiments sentiment NNS 7960 8829 9 of of IN 7960 8829 10 the the DT 7960 8829 11 warlike warlike JJ 7960 8829 12 nobles noble NNS 7960 8829 13 . . . 7960 8830 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 8830 2 was be VBD 7960 8830 3 an an DT 7960 8830 4 aristocratic aristocratic JJ 7960 8830 5 ideal ideal NN 7960 8830 6 . . . 7960 8831 1 The the DT 7960 8831 2 knight knight NN 7960 8831 3 despised despise VBD 7960 8831 4 and and CC 7960 8831 5 did do VBD 7960 8831 6 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8831 7 best good JJS 7960 8831 8 to to TO 7960 8831 9 keep keep VB 7960 8831 10 in in IN 7960 8831 11 subjection subjection NN 7960 8831 12 the the DT 7960 8831 13 toiling toiling NN 7960 8831 14 peasantry peasantry NN 7960 8831 15 , , , 7960 8831 16 upon upon IN 7960 8831 17 whose whose WP$ 7960 8831 18 backs back NNS 7960 8831 19 rested rest VBD 7960 8831 20 the the DT 7960 8831 21 real real JJ 7960 8831 22 burden burden NN 7960 8831 23 of of IN 7960 8831 24 feudal feudal JJ 7960 8831 25 society society NN 7960 8831 26 . . . 7960 8832 1 155 155 CD 7960 8832 2 . . . 7960 8833 1 FEUDALISM FEUDALISM NNP 7960 8833 2 AS as IN 7960 8833 3 A a DT 7960 8833 4 SYSTEM system NN 7960 8833 5 OF of IN 7960 8833 6 LOCAL local NN 7960 8833 7 INDUSTRY industry NN 7960 8833 8 DECLINE decline NN 7960 8833 9 OF of IN 7960 8833 10 URBAN urban JJ 7960 8833 11 LIFE life NN 7960 8833 12 Under under IN 7960 8833 13 the the DT 7960 8833 14 Roman Roman NNP 7960 8833 15 Empire Empire NNP 7960 8833 16 western western JJ 7960 8833 17 Europe Europe NNP 7960 8833 18 had have VBD 7960 8833 19 been be VBN 7960 8833 20 filled fill VBN 7960 8833 21 with with IN 7960 8833 22 flourishing flourishing JJ 7960 8833 23 cities city NNS 7960 8833 24 . . . 7960 8834 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 8834 2 16 16 CD 7960 8834 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 8834 4 The the DT 7960 8834 5 Germanic germanic JJ 7960 8834 6 invasions invasion NNS 7960 8834 7 led lead VBD 7960 8834 8 to to IN 7960 8834 9 a a DT 7960 8834 10 gradual gradual JJ 7960 8834 11 decay decay NN 7960 8834 12 of of IN 7960 8834 13 trade trade NN 7960 8834 14 and and CC 7960 8834 15 manufacturing manufacturing NN 7960 8834 16 , , , 7960 8834 17 and and CC 7960 8834 18 hence hence RB 7960 8834 19 of of IN 7960 8834 20 the the DT 7960 8834 21 cities city NNS 7960 8834 22 in in IN 7960 8834 23 which which WDT 7960 8834 24 these these DT 7960 8834 25 activities activity NNS 7960 8834 26 centered center VBD 7960 8834 27 . . . 7960 8835 1 As as IN 7960 8835 2 urban urban JJ 7960 8835 3 life life NN 7960 8835 4 declined decline VBD 7960 8835 5 , , , 7960 8835 6 the the DT 7960 8835 7 mass mass NN 7960 8835 8 of of IN 7960 8835 9 the the DT 7960 8835 10 population population NN 7960 8835 11 came come VBD 7960 8835 12 to to TO 7960 8835 13 live live VB 7960 8835 14 more more RBR 7960 8835 15 and and CC 7960 8835 16 more more RBR 7960 8835 17 in in IN 7960 8835 18 isolated isolate VBN 7960 8835 19 rural rural JJ 7960 8835 20 communities community NNS 7960 8835 21 . . . 7960 8836 1 This this DT 7960 8836 2 was be VBD 7960 8836 3 the the DT 7960 8836 4 great great JJ 7960 8836 5 economic economic JJ 7960 8836 6 feature feature NN 7960 8836 7 of of IN 7960 8836 8 the the DT 7960 8836 9 early early JJ 7960 8836 10 Middle Middle NNP 7960 8836 11 Ages Ages NNPS 7960 8836 12 . . . 7960 8837 1 FEUDALISM FEUDALISM NNP 7960 8837 2 AND and CC 7960 8837 3 RURAL rural NN 7960 8837 4 LIFE life NN 7960 8837 5 The the DT 7960 8837 6 introduction introduction NN 7960 8837 7 of of IN 7960 8837 8 feudalism feudalism NN 7960 8837 9 fostered foster VBD 7960 8837 10 the the DT 7960 8837 11 movement movement NN 7960 8837 12 from from 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7960 8841 9 extent extent NN 7960 8841 10 of of IN 7960 8841 11 an an DT 7960 8841 12 average average JJ 7960 8841 13 estate estate NN 7960 8841 14 . . . 7960 8842 1 Every every DT 7960 8842 2 noble noble JJ 7960 8842 3 had have VBD 7960 8842 4 at at RB 7960 8842 5 least least RBS 7960 8842 6 one one CD 7960 8842 7 manor manor NN 7960 8842 8 ; ; : 7960 8842 9 great great JJ 7960 8842 10 nobles noble NNS 7960 8842 11 might may MD 7960 8842 12 have have VB 7960 8842 13 several several JJ 7960 8842 14 manors manor NNS 7960 8842 15 , , , 7960 8842 16 usually usually RB 7960 8842 17 scattered scatter VBN 7960 8842 18 throughout throughout IN 7960 8842 19 the the DT 7960 8842 20 country country NN 7960 8842 21 ; ; : 7960 8842 22 and and CC 7960 8842 23 even even RB 7960 8842 24 the the DT 7960 8842 25 king king NN 7960 8842 26 depended depend VBD 7960 8842 27 on on IN 7960 8842 28 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8842 29 many many JJ 7960 8842 30 manors manor NNS 7960 8842 31 for for IN 7960 8842 32 the the DT 7960 8842 33 food food NN 7960 8842 34 supply supply NN 7960 8842 35 of of IN 7960 8842 36 the the DT 7960 8842 37 court court NN 7960 8842 38 . . . 7960 8843 1 England England NNP 7960 8843 2 , , , 7960 8843 3 during during IN 7960 8843 4 the the DT 7960 8843 5 period period NN 7960 8843 6 following follow VBG 7960 8843 7 the the DT 7960 8843 8 Norman Norman NNP 7960 8843 9 Conquest Conquest NNP 7960 8843 10 , , , 7960 8843 11 contained contain VBD 7960 8843 12 more more JJR 7960 8843 13 than than IN 7960 8843 14 nine nine CD 7960 8843 15 thousand thousand CD 7960 8843 16 of of IN 7960 8843 17 these these DT 7960 8843 18 manorial manorial JJ 7960 8843 19 estates estate NNS 7960 8843 20 . . . 7960 8844 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 8844 2 17 17 CD 7960 8844 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 8844 4 COMMON common JJ 7960 8844 5 CULTIVATION cultivation NN 7960 8844 6 OF of IN 7960 8844 7 THE the DT 7960 8844 8 ARABLE ARABLE NNP 7960 8844 9 LAND LAND NNP 7960 8844 10 Of of IN 7960 8844 11 the the DT 7960 8844 12 arable arable JJ 7960 8844 13 land land NN 7960 8844 14 of of IN 7960 8844 15 the the DT 7960 8844 16 manor manor NN 7960 8844 17 the the DT 7960 8844 18 lord lord NNP 7960 8844 19 reserved reserve VBD 7960 8844 20 as as RB 7960 8844 21 much much RB 7960 8844 22 as as IN 7960 8844 23 needful needful JJ 7960 8844 24 for for IN 7960 8844 25 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8844 26 own own JJ 7960 8844 27 use use NN 7960 8844 28 . . . 7960 8845 1 The the DT 7960 8845 2 lord lord NNP 7960 8845 3 's 's POS 7960 8845 4 land land NN 7960 8845 5 was be VBD 7960 8845 6 called call VBN 7960 8845 7 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8845 8 " " `` 7960 8845 9 demesne demesne NN 7960 8845 10 , , , 7960 8845 11 " " '' 7960 8845 12 or or CC 7960 8845 13 domain domain NN 7960 8845 14 . . . 7960 8846 1 The the DT 7960 8846 2 rest rest NN 7960 8846 3 of of IN 7960 8846 4 the the DT 7960 8846 5 land land NN 7960 8846 6 he -PRON- PRP 7960 8846 7 allotted allot VBD 7960 8846 8 to to IN 7960 8846 9 the the DT 7960 8846 10 peasants peasant NNS 7960 8846 11 who who WP 7960 8846 12 were be VBD 7960 8846 13 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8846 14 tenants tenant NNS 7960 8846 15 , , , 7960 8846 16 They -PRON- PRP 7960 8846 17 cultivated cultivate VBD 7960 8846 18 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8846 19 holdings holding NNS 7960 8846 20 in in IN 7960 8846 21 common common JJ 7960 8846 22 . . . 7960 8847 1 A a DT 7960 8847 2 farmer farmer NN 7960 8847 3 , , , 7960 8847 4 instead instead RB 7960 8847 5 of of IN 7960 8847 6 having have VBG 7960 8847 7 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8847 8 land land NN 7960 8847 9 in in IN 7960 8847 10 one one CD 7960 8847 11 compact compact JJ 7960 8847 12 mass mass NN 7960 8847 13 , , , 7960 8847 14 had have VBD 7960 8847 15 it -PRON- PRP 7960 8847 16 split split VBN 7960 8847 17 up up RP 7960 8847 18 into into IN 7960 8847 19 a a DT 7960 8847 20 large large JJ 7960 8847 21 number number NN 7960 8847 22 of of IN 7960 8847 23 small small JJ 7960 8847 24 strips strip NNS 7960 8847 25 ( ( -LRB- 7960 8847 26 usually usually RB 7960 8847 27 about about IN 7960 8847 28 half half PDT 7960 8847 29 an an DT 7960 8847 30 acre acre NN 7960 8847 31 each each DT 7960 8847 32 ) ) -RRB- 7960 8847 33 scattered scatter VBN 7960 8847 34 over over IN 7960 8847 35 the the DT 7960 8847 36 manor manor NN 7960 8847 37 , , , 7960 8847 38 and and CC 7960 8847 39 separated separate VBD 7960 8847 40 , , , 7960 8847 41 not not RB 7960 8847 42 by by IN 7960 8847 43 fences fence NNS 7960 8847 44 or or CC 7960 8847 45 hedges hedge NNS 7960 8847 46 , , , 7960 8847 47 but but CC 7960 8847 48 by by IN 7960 8847 49 banks bank NNS 7960 8847 50 of of IN 7960 8847 51 unplowed unplowed JJ 7960 8847 52 turf turf NN 7960 8847 53 . . . 7960 8848 1 The the DT 7960 8848 2 appearance appearance NN 7960 8848 3 of of IN 7960 8848 4 a a DT 7960 8848 5 manor manor NN 7960 8848 6 , , , 7960 8848 7 when when WRB 7960 8848 8 under under IN 7960 8848 9 cultivation cultivation NN 7960 8848 10 , , , 7960 8848 11 has have VBZ 7960 8848 12 been be VBN 7960 8848 13 likened liken VBN 7960 8848 14 to to IN 7960 8848 15 a a DT 7960 8848 16 vast vast JJ 7960 8848 17 checkerboard checkerboard NN 7960 8848 18 or or CC 7960 8848 19 a a DT 7960 8848 20 patchwork patchwork NN 7960 8848 21 quilt quilt NN 7960 8848 22 . . . 7960 8849 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 8849 2 18 18 CD 7960 8849 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 8849 4 The the DT 7960 8849 5 reason reason NN 7960 8849 6 for for IN 7960 8849 7 the the DT 7960 8849 8 intermixture intermixture NN 7960 8849 9 of of IN 7960 8849 10 strips strip NNS 7960 8849 11 seems seem VBZ 7960 8849 12 to to TO 7960 8849 13 have have VB 7960 8849 14 been be VBN 7960 8849 15 to to TO 7960 8849 16 make make VB 7960 8849 17 sure sure JJ 7960 8849 18 that that IN 7960 8849 19 each each DT 7960 8849 20 farmer farmer NN 7960 8849 21 had have VBD 7960 8849 22 a a DT 7960 8849 23 portion portion NN 7960 8849 24 both both DT 7960 8849 25 of of IN 7960 8849 26 the the DT 7960 8849 27 good good JJ 7960 8849 28 land land NN 7960 8849 29 and and CC 7960 8849 30 of of IN 7960 8849 31 the the DT 7960 8849 32 bad bad JJ 7960 8849 33 . . . 7960 8850 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 8850 2 is be VBZ 7960 8850 3 obvious obvious JJ 7960 8850 4 that that IN 7960 8850 5 this this DT 7960 8850 6 arrangement arrangement NN 7960 8850 7 compelled compel VBD 7960 8850 8 all all PDT 7960 8850 9 the the DT 7960 8850 10 peasants peasant NNS 7960 8850 11 to to IN 7960 8850 12 labor labor NN 7960 8850 13 according accord VBG 7960 8850 14 to to IN 7960 8850 15 a a DT 7960 8850 16 common common JJ 7960 8850 17 plan plan NN 7960 8850 18 . . . 7960 8851 1 A a DT 7960 8851 2 man man NN 7960 8851 3 had have VBD 7960 8851 4 to to TO 7960 8851 5 sow sow VB 7960 8851 6 the the DT 7960 8851 7 same same JJ 7960 8851 8 kinds kind NNS 7960 8851 9 of of IN 7960 8851 10 crops crop NNS 7960 8851 11 as as IN 7960 8851 12 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8851 13 neighbors neighbor NNS 7960 8851 14 , , , 7960 8851 15 and and CC 7960 8851 16 to to TO 7960 8851 17 till till VB 7960 8851 18 and and CC 7960 8851 19 reap reap VB 7960 8851 20 them -PRON- PRP 7960 8851 21 at at IN 7960 8851 22 the the DT 7960 8851 23 same same JJ 7960 8851 24 time time NN 7960 8851 25 . . . 7960 8852 1 Agriculture agriculture NN 7960 8852 2 , , , 7960 8852 3 under under IN 7960 8852 4 such such JJ 7960 8852 5 circumstances circumstance NNS 7960 8852 6 , , , 7960 8852 7 could could MD 7960 8852 8 not not RB 7960 8852 9 fail fail VB 7960 8852 10 to to TO 7960 8852 11 be be VB 7960 8852 12 unprogressive unprogressive JJ 7960 8852 13 . . . 7960 8853 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 8853 2 Illustration illustration NN 7960 8853 3 : : : 7960 8853 4 FARM farm NN 7960 8853 5 WORK work NN 7960 8853 6 IN in IN 7960 8853 7 THE the DT 7960 8853 8 FOURTEENTH FOURTEENTH NNP 7960 8853 9 CENTURY century NN 7960 8853 10 Plowing plow VBG 7960 8853 11 , , , 7960 8853 12 Harrowing Harrowing NNP 7960 8853 13 , , , 7960 8853 14 Cutting Cutting NNP 7960 8853 15 Weeds Weeds NNP 7960 8853 16 , , , 7960 8853 17 Reaping Reaping NNP 7960 8853 18 . . . 7960 8853 19 ] ] -RRB- 7960 8854 1 FARMING farm VBG 7960 8854 2 METHODS methods JJ 7960 8854 3 In in IN 7960 8854 4 other other JJ 7960 8854 5 ways way NNS 7960 8854 6 , , , 7960 8854 7 too too RB 7960 8854 8 , , , 7960 8854 9 agriculture agriculture NN 7960 8854 10 was be VBD 7960 8854 11 very very RB 7960 8854 12 backward backward JJ 7960 8854 13 . . . 7960 8855 1 Farmers farmer NNS 7960 8855 2 did do VBD 7960 8855 3 not not RB 7960 8855 4 know know VB 7960 8855 5 how how WRB 7960 8855 6 to to TO 7960 8855 7 enrich enrich VB 7960 8855 8 the the DT 7960 8855 9 soil soil NN 7960 8855 10 by by IN 7960 8855 11 the the DT 7960 8855 12 use use NN 7960 8855 13 of of IN 7960 8855 14 fertilizers fertilizer NNS 7960 8855 15 or or CC 7960 8855 16 how how WRB 7960 8855 17 to to TO 7960 8855 18 provide provide VB 7960 8855 19 for for IN 7960 8855 20 a a DT 7960 8855 21 proper proper JJ 7960 8855 22 rotation rotation NN 7960 8855 23 of of IN 7960 8855 24 crops crop 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or CC 7960 8857 7 nine nine CD 7960 8857 8 bushels bushel NNS 7960 8857 9 of of IN 7960 8857 10 grain grain NN 7960 8857 11 represented represent VBD 7960 8857 12 the the DT 7960 8857 13 average average JJ 7960 8857 14 yield yield NN 7960 8857 15 of of IN 7960 8857 16 an an DT 7960 8857 17 acre acre NN 7960 8857 18 . . . 7960 8858 1 Farm farm NN 7960 8858 2 animals animal NNS 7960 8858 3 were be VBD 7960 8858 4 small small JJ 7960 8858 5 , , , 7960 8858 6 for for IN 7960 8858 7 scientific scientific JJ 7960 8858 8 breeding breeding NN 7960 8858 9 had have VBD 7960 8858 10 not not RB 7960 8858 11 yet yet RB 7960 8858 12 begun begin VBN 7960 8858 13 . . . 7960 8859 1 A a DT 7960 8859 2 full full RB 7960 8859 3 - - HYPH 7960 8859 4 grown grown JJ 7960 8859 5 ox ox NN 7960 8859 6 reached reach VBD 7960 8859 7 a a DT 7960 8859 8 size size NN 7960 8859 9 scarcely scarcely RB 7960 8859 10 larger large JJR 7960 8859 11 than than IN 7960 8859 12 a a DT 7960 8859 13 calf calf NN 7960 8859 14 of 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NN 7960 8862 8 little little RB 7960 8862 9 better well JJR 7960 8862 10 than than IN 7960 8862 11 a a DT 7960 8862 12 large large JJ 7960 8862 13 rake rake NN 7960 8862 14 . . . 7960 8863 1 Grain grain NN 7960 8863 2 was be VBD 7960 8863 3 cut cut VBN 7960 8863 4 with with IN 7960 8863 5 a a DT 7960 8863 6 sickle sickle NN 7960 8863 7 , , , 7960 8863 8 and and CC 7960 8863 9 grass grass NN 7960 8863 10 was be VBD 7960 8863 11 mown mow VBN 7960 8863 12 with with IN 7960 8863 13 a a DT 7960 8863 14 scythe scythe NN 7960 8863 15 . . . 7960 8864 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 8864 2 took take VBD 7960 8864 3 five five CD 7960 8864 4 men man NNS 7960 8864 5 a a DT 7960 8864 6 day day NN 7960 8864 7 to to TO 7960 8864 8 reap reap VB 7960 8864 9 and and CC 7960 8864 10 bind bind VB 7960 8864 11 the the DT 7960 8864 12 harvest harvest NN 7960 8864 13 of of IN 7960 8864 14 two two CD 7960 8864 15 acres acre NNS 7960 8864 16 . . . 7960 8865 1 COMMON common JJ 7960 8865 2 USE use NN 7960 8865 3 OF of IN 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8866 4 a a DT 7960 8866 5 limited limited JJ 7960 8866 6 amount amount NN 7960 8866 7 of of IN 7960 8866 8 hay hay NN 7960 8866 9 from from IN 7960 8866 10 the the DT 7960 8866 11 meadow meadow NN 7960 8866 12 . . . 7960 8867 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 8867 2 could could MD 7960 8867 3 turn turn VB 7960 8867 4 so so RB 7960 8867 5 many many JJ 7960 8867 6 farm farm NN 7960 8867 7 animals animal NNS 7960 8867 8 -- -- : 7960 8867 9 cattle cattle NNS 7960 8867 10 , , , 7960 8867 11 geese geese JJ 7960 8867 12 , , , 7960 8867 13 swine swine NNS 7960 8867 14 -- -- : 7960 8867 15 on on IN 7960 8867 16 the the DT 7960 8867 17 waste waste NN 7960 8867 18 . . . 7960 8868 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 8868 2 also also RB 7960 8868 3 enjoyed enjoy VBD 7960 8868 4 the the DT 7960 8868 5 privilege privilege NN 7960 8868 6 of of IN 7960 8868 7 taking take VBG 7960 8868 8 so so RB 7960 8868 9 much much JJ 7960 8868 10 wood wood NN 7960 8868 11 from from IN 7960 8868 12 the the DT 7960 8868 13 forest forest NN 7960 8868 14 for for IN 7960 8868 15 fuel fuel NN 7960 8868 16 and and CC 7960 8868 17 building building NN 7960 8868 18 purposes purpose NNS 7960 8868 19 . . . 7960 8869 1 A a DT 7960 8869 2 peasant peasant NN 7960 8869 3 's 's POS 7960 8869 4 holding holding NN 7960 8869 5 , , , 7960 8869 6 which which WDT 7960 8869 7 also also RB 7960 8869 8 included include VBD 7960 8869 9 a a DT 7960 8869 10 house house NN 7960 8869 11 in in IN 7960 8869 12 the the DT 7960 8869 13 village village NN 7960 8869 14 , , , 7960 8869 15 thus thus RB 7960 8869 16 formed form VBD 7960 8869 17 a a DT 7960 8869 18 complete complete JJ 7960 8869 19 outfit outfit NN 7960 8869 20 . . . 7960 8870 1 156 156 CD 7960 8870 2 . . . 7960 8871 1 THE the DT 7960 8871 2 VILLAGE VILLAGE NNP 7960 8871 3 AND and CC 7960 8871 4 LIFE life NN 7960 8871 5 OF of IN 7960 8871 6 THE the DT 7960 8871 7 PEASANTS peasant NNS 7960 8871 8 A a DT 7960 8871 9 VILLAGE village NN 7960 8871 10 DESCRIBED describe VBZ 7960 8871 11 The the DT 7960 8871 12 peasants peasant NNS 7960 8871 13 on on IN 7960 8871 14 a a DT 7960 8871 15 manor manor NN 7960 8871 16 lived live VBD 7960 8871 17 close close RB 7960 8871 18 together together RB 7960 8871 19 in in IN 7960 8871 20 one one CD 7960 8871 21 or or CC 7960 8871 22 more more JJR 7960 8871 23 villages village NNS 7960 8871 24 . . . 7960 8872 1 Their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8872 2 small small JJ 7960 8872 3 , , , 7960 8872 4 thatch thatch NN 7960 8872 5 - - HYPH 7960 8872 6 roofed roof VBN 7960 8872 7 , , , 7960 8872 8 and and CC 7960 8872 9 one one CD 7960 8872 10 - - HYPH 7960 8872 11 roomed roomed JJ 7960 8872 12 houses house NNS 7960 8872 13 would would MD 7960 8872 14 be be VB 7960 8872 15 grouped group VBN 7960 8872 16 about about IN 7960 8872 17 an an DT 7960 8872 18 open open JJ 7960 8872 19 space space NN 7960 8872 20 ( ( -LRB- 7960 8872 21 the the DT 7960 8872 22 " " `` 7960 8872 23 green green JJ 7960 8872 24 " " '' 7960 8872 25 ) ) -RRB- 7960 8872 26 , , , 7960 8872 27 or or CC 7960 8872 28 on on IN 7960 8872 29 both both DT 7960 8872 30 sides side NNS 7960 8872 31 of of IN 7960 8872 32 a a DT 7960 8872 33 single single JJ 7960 8872 34 , , , 7960 8872 35 narrow narrow JJ 7960 8872 36 street street NN 7960 8872 37 . . . 7960 8873 1 The the DT 7960 8873 2 only only JJ 7960 8873 3 important important JJ 7960 8873 4 buildings building NNS 7960 8873 5 were be VBD 7960 8873 6 the the DT 7960 8873 7 parish parish JJ 7960 8873 8 church church NN 7960 8873 9 , , , 7960 8873 10 the the DT 7960 8873 11 parsonage parsonage NN 7960 8873 12 , , , 7960 8873 13 a a DT 7960 8873 14 mill mill NN 7960 8873 15 , , , 7960 8873 16 if if IN 7960 8873 17 a a DT 7960 8873 18 stream stream NN 7960 8873 19 ran run VBD 7960 8873 20 through through IN 7960 8873 21 the the DT 7960 8873 22 manor manor NN 7960 8873 23 , , , 7960 8873 24 and and CC 7960 8873 25 possibly possibly RB 7960 8873 26 a a DT 7960 8873 27 blacksmith blacksmith NN 7960 8873 28 's 's POS 7960 8873 29 shop shop NN 7960 8873 30 . . . 7960 8874 1 The the DT 7960 8874 2 population population NN 7960 8874 3 of of IN 7960 8874 4 one one CD 7960 8874 5 of of IN 7960 8874 6 these these DT 7960 8874 7 villages village NNS 7960 8874 8 often often RB 7960 8874 9 did do VBD 7960 8874 10 not not RB 7960 8874 11 exceed exceed VB 7960 8874 12 one one CD 7960 8874 13 hundred hundred CD 7960 8874 14 souls soul NNS 7960 8874 15 . . . 7960 8875 1 A a DT 7960 8875 2 VILLAGE VILLAGE NNP 7960 8875 3 AS AS NNP 7960 8875 4 SELF SELF NNP 7960 8875 5 - - HYPH 7960 8875 6 SUFFICING SUFFICING NNP 7960 8875 7 Perhaps perhaps RB 7960 8875 8 the the DT 7960 8875 9 most most RBS 7960 8875 10 striking striking JJ 7960 8875 11 feature feature NN 7960 8875 12 of of IN 7960 8875 13 a a DT 7960 8875 14 medieval medieval JJ 7960 8875 15 village village NN 7960 8875 16 was be VBD 7960 8875 17 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8875 18 self- self- NN 7960 8875 19 sufficiency sufficiency NN 7960 8875 20 . . . 7960 8876 1 The the DT 7960 8876 2 inhabitants inhabitant NNS 7960 8876 3 tried try VBD 7960 8876 4 to to TO 7960 8876 5 produce produce VB 7960 8876 6 at at IN 7960 8876 7 home home NN 7960 8876 8 everything everything NN 7960 8876 9 they -PRON- PRP 7960 8876 10 required require VBD 7960 8876 11 , , , 7960 8876 12 in in IN 7960 8876 13 order order NN 7960 8876 14 to to TO 7960 8876 15 avoid avoid VB 7960 8876 16 the the DT 7960 8876 17 uncertainty uncertainty NN 7960 8876 18 and and CC 7960 8876 19 expense expense NN 7960 8876 20 of of IN 7960 8876 21 trade trade NN 7960 8876 22 . . . 7960 8877 1 The the DT 7960 8877 2 land land NN 7960 8877 3 gave give VBD 7960 8877 4 them -PRON- PRP 7960 8877 5 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8877 6 food food NN 7960 8877 7 ; ; : 7960 8877 8 the the DT 7960 8877 9 forest forest NN 7960 8877 10 provided provide VBD 7960 8877 11 them -PRON- PRP 7960 8877 12 with with IN 7960 8877 13 wood wood NN 7960 8877 14 for for IN 7960 8877 15 houses house NNS 7960 8877 16 and and CC 7960 8877 17 furniture furniture NN 7960 8877 18 . . . 7960 8878 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 8878 2 made make VBD 7960 8878 3 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8878 4 own own JJ 7960 8878 5 clothes clothe NNS 7960 8878 6 of of IN 7960 8878 7 flax flax NN 7960 8878 8 , , , 7960 8878 9 wool wool NN 7960 8878 10 , , , 7960 8878 11 and and CC 7960 8878 12 leather leather NN 7960 8878 13 . . . 7960 8879 1 Their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8879 2 meal meal NN 7960 8879 3 and and CC 7960 8879 4 flour flour NN 7960 8879 5 were be VBD 7960 8879 6 ground grind VBN 7960 8879 7 at at IN 7960 8879 8 the the DT 7960 8879 9 village village NN 7960 8879 10 mill mill NN 7960 8879 11 , , , 7960 8879 12 and and CC 7960 8879 13 at at IN 7960 8879 14 the the DT 7960 8879 15 village village NN 7960 8879 16 smithy smithy NN 7960 8879 17 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8879 18 farm farm NN 7960 8879 19 implements implement NNS 7960 8879 20 were be VBD 7960 8879 21 manufactured manufacture VBN 7960 8879 22 . . . 7960 8880 1 The the DT 7960 8880 2 chief chief JJ 7960 8880 3 articles article NNS 7960 8880 4 which which WDT 7960 8880 5 needed need VBD 7960 8880 6 to to TO 7960 8880 7 be be VB 7960 8880 8 brought bring VBN 7960 8880 9 from from IN 7960 8880 10 some some DT 7960 8880 11 distant distant JJ 7960 8880 12 market market NN 7960 8880 13 were be VBD 7960 8880 14 salt salt NN 7960 8880 15 , , , 7960 8880 16 used use VBN 7960 8880 17 to to TO 7960 8880 18 salt salt VB 7960 8880 19 down down RP 7960 8880 20 farm farm NN 7960 8880 21 animals animal NNS 7960 8880 22 killed kill VBN 7960 8880 23 in in IN 7960 8880 24 autumn autumn NN 7960 8880 25 , , , 7960 8880 26 iron iron NN 7960 8880 27 for for IN 7960 8880 28 various various JJ 7960 8880 29 tools tool NNS 7960 8880 30 , , , 7960 8880 31 and and CC 7960 8880 32 millstones millstone NNS 7960 8880 33 . . . 7960 8881 1 Cattle Cattle NNS 7960 8881 2 , , , 7960 8881 3 horses horse NNS 7960 8881 4 , , , 7960 8881 5 and and CC 7960 8881 6 surplus surplus JJ 7960 8881 7 grain grain NN 7960 8881 8 also also RB 7960 8881 9 formed form VBD 7960 8881 10 common common JJ 7960 8881 11 objects object NNS 7960 8881 12 of of IN 7960 8881 13 exchange exchange NN 7960 8881 14 between between IN 7960 8881 15 manors manor NNS 7960 8881 16 . . . 7960 8882 1 HARD hard JJ 7960 8882 2 LOT lot NN 7960 8882 3 OF of IN 7960 8882 4 THE the DT 7960 8882 5 PEASANTRY PEASANTRY NNP 7960 8882 6 Life life NN 7960 8882 7 in in IN 7960 8882 8 a a DT 7960 8882 9 medieval medieval JJ 7960 8882 10 village village NN 7960 8882 11 was be VBD 7960 8882 12 rude rude JJ 7960 8882 13 and and CC 7960 8882 14 rough rough JJ 7960 8882 15 . . . 7960 8883 1 The the DT 7960 8883 2 peasants peasant NNS 7960 8883 3 labored labor VBD 7960 8883 4 from from IN 7960 8883 5 sunrise sunrise NN 7960 8883 6 to to IN 7960 8883 7 sunset sunset NN 7960 8883 8 , , , 7960 8883 9 ate eat VBD 7960 8883 10 coarse coarse JJ 7960 8883 11 fare fare NN 7960 8883 12 , , , 7960 8883 13 lived live VBD 7960 8883 14 in in IN 7960 8883 15 huts hut NNS 7960 8883 16 , , , 7960 8883 17 and and CC 7960 8883 18 suffered suffer VBD 7960 8883 19 from from IN 7960 8883 20 frequent frequent JJ 7960 8883 21 pestilences pestilence NNS 7960 8883 22 . . . 7960 8884 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 8884 2 were be VBD 7960 8884 3 often often RB 7960 8884 4 the the DT 7960 8884 5 helpless helpless JJ 7960 8884 6 prey prey NN 7960 8884 7 of of IN 7960 8884 8 the the DT 7960 8884 9 feudal feudal JJ 7960 8884 10 nobles noble NNS 7960 8884 11 . . . 7960 8885 1 If if IN 7960 8885 2 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8885 3 lord lord NNP 7960 8885 4 happened happen VBD 7960 8885 5 to to TO 7960 8885 6 be be VB 7960 8885 7 a a DT 7960 8885 8 quarrelsome quarrelsome JJ 7960 8885 9 man man NN 7960 8885 10 , , , 7960 8885 11 given give VBN 7960 8885 12 to to IN 7960 8885 13 fighting fight VBG 7960 8885 14 with with IN 7960 8885 15 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8885 16 neighbors neighbor NNS 7960 8885 17 , , , 7960 8885 18 they -PRON- PRP 7960 8885 19 might may MD 7960 8885 20 see see VB 7960 8885 21 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8885 22 lands land NNS 7960 8885 23 ravaged ravage VBN 7960 8885 24 , , , 7960 8885 25 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8885 26 cattle cattle NNS 7960 8885 27 driven drive VBN 7960 8885 28 off off RP 7960 8885 29 , , , 7960 8885 30 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8885 31 village village NN 7960 8885 32 burned burn VBD 7960 8885 33 , , , 7960 8885 34 and and CC 7960 8885 35 might may MD 7960 8885 36 themselves -PRON- PRP 7960 8885 37 be be VB 7960 8885 38 slain slay VBN 7960 8885 39 . . . 7960 8886 1 Even even RB 7960 8886 2 under under IN 7960 8886 3 peaceful peaceful JJ 7960 8886 4 conditions condition NNS 7960 8886 5 the the DT 7960 8886 6 narrow narrow JJ 7960 8886 7 , , , 7960 8886 8 shut shut VB 7960 8886 9 - - HYPH 7960 8886 10 in in RP 7960 8886 11 life life NN 7960 8886 12 of of IN 7960 8886 13 the the DT 7960 8886 14 manor manor NN 7960 8886 15 could could MD 7960 8886 16 not not RB 7960 8886 17 be be VB 7960 8886 18 otherwise otherwise RB 7960 8886 19 than than IN 7960 8886 20 degrading degrade VBG 7960 8886 21 . . . 7960 8887 1 ALLEVIATIONS ALLEVIATIONS NNP 7960 8887 2 OF of IN 7960 8887 3 THE the DT 7960 8887 4 PEASANT PEASANT NNP 7960 8887 5 'S 's POS 7960 8887 6 LOT lot NN 7960 8887 7 Yet yet RB 7960 8887 8 there there EX 7960 8887 9 is be VBZ 7960 8887 10 another another DT 7960 8887 11 side side NN 7960 8887 12 to to IN 7960 8887 13 the the DT 7960 8887 14 picture picture NN 7960 8887 15 . . . 7960 8888 1 If if IN 7960 8888 2 the the DT 7960 8888 3 peasants peasant NNS 7960 8888 4 had have VBD 7960 8888 5 a a DT 7960 8888 6 just just RB 7960 8888 7 and and CC 7960 8888 8 generous generous JJ 7960 8888 9 lord lord NNP 7960 8888 10 , , , 7960 8888 11 they -PRON- PRP 7960 8888 12 probably probably RB 7960 8888 13 led lead VBD 7960 8888 14 a a DT 7960 8888 15 fairly fairly RB 7960 8888 16 comfortable comfortable JJ 7960 8888 17 existence existence NN 7960 8888 18 . . . 7960 8889 1 Except except IN 7960 8889 2 when when WRB 7960 8889 3 crops crop NNS 7960 8889 4 failed fail VBD 7960 8889 5 , , , 7960 8889 6 they -PRON- PRP 7960 8889 7 had have VBD 7960 8889 8 an an DT 7960 8889 9 abundance abundance NN 7960 8889 10 of of IN 7960 8889 11 food food NN 7960 8889 12 , , , 7960 8889 13 and and CC 7960 8889 14 possibly possibly RB 7960 8889 15 wine wine NN 7960 8889 16 or or CC 7960 8889 17 cider cider NN 7960 8889 18 drink drink NN 7960 8889 19 . . . 7960 8890 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 8890 2 shared share VBD 7960 8890 3 a a DT 7960 8890 4 common common JJ 7960 8890 5 life life NN 7960 8890 6 in in IN 7960 8890 7 the the DT 7960 8890 8 work work NN 7960 8890 9 of of IN 7960 8890 10 the the DT 7960 8890 11 fields field NNS 7960 8890 12 , , , 7960 8890 13 in in IN 7960 8890 14 the the DT 7960 8890 15 sports sport NNS 7960 8890 16 of of IN 7960 8890 17 the the DT 7960 8890 18 village village NN 7960 8890 19 green green NN 7960 8890 20 , , , 7960 8890 21 and and CC 7960 8890 22 in in IN 7960 8890 23 the the DT 7960 8890 24 services service NNS 7960 8890 25 of of IN 7960 8890 26 the the DT 7960 8890 27 parish parish JJ 7960 8890 28 church church NN 7960 8890 29 . . . 7960 8891 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 8891 2 enjoyed enjoy VBD 7960 8891 3 many many JJ 7960 8891 4 holidays holiday NNS 7960 8891 5 ; ; : 7960 8891 6 it -PRON- PRP 7960 8891 7 has have VBZ 7960 8891 8 been be VBN 7960 8891 9 estimated estimate VBN 7960 8891 10 that that IN 7960 8891 11 , , , 7960 8891 12 besides besides IN 7960 8891 13 Sundays Sundays NNP 7960 8891 14 , , , 7960 8891 15 about about RB 7960 8891 16 eight eight CD 7960 8891 17 weeks week NNS 7960 8891 18 in in IN 7960 8891 19 every every DT 7960 8891 20 year year NN 7960 8891 21 were be VBD 7960 8891 22 free free JJ 7960 8891 23 from from IN 7960 8891 24 work work NN 7960 8891 25 . . . 7960 8892 1 Festivities festivity NNS 7960 8892 2 at at IN 7960 8892 3 Christmas Christmas NNP 7960 8892 4 , , , 7960 8892 5 Easter Easter NNP 7960 8892 6 , , , 7960 8892 7 and and CC 7960 8892 8 May May NNP 7960 8892 9 Day Day NNP 7960 8892 10 , , , 7960 8892 11 at at IN 7960 8892 12 the the DT 7960 8892 13 end end NN 7960 8892 14 of of IN 7960 8892 15 ploughing ploughing NN 7960 8892 16 and and CC 7960 8892 17 the the DT 7960 8892 18 completion completion NN 7960 8892 19 of of IN 7960 8892 20 harvest harvest NN 7960 8892 21 , , , 7960 8892 22 relieved relieve VBD 7960 8892 23 the the DT 7960 8892 24 monotony monotony NN 7960 8892 25 of of IN 7960 8892 26 the the DT 7960 8892 27 daily daily JJ 7960 8892 28 round round NN 7960 8892 29 of of IN 7960 8892 30 labor labor NN 7960 8892 31 . . . 7960 8893 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 8893 2 19 19 CD 7960 8893 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 8893 4 Perhaps perhaps RB 7960 8893 5 these these DT 7960 8893 6 medieval medieval JJ 7960 8893 7 peasants peasant NNS 7960 8893 8 were be VBD 7960 8893 9 not not RB 7960 8893 10 much much RB 7960 8893 11 worse bad JJR 7960 8893 12 off off RP 7960 8893 13 than than IN 7960 8893 14 the the DT 7960 8893 15 agricultural 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7960 8931 12 force force NN 7960 8931 13 , , , 7960 8931 14 namely namely RB 7960 8931 15 , , , 7960 8931 16 the the DT 7960 8931 17 Roman Roman NNP 7960 8931 18 Church Church NNP 7960 8931 19 . . . 7960 8932 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 8932 2 is be VBZ 7960 8932 3 true true JJ 7960 8932 4 that that IN 7960 8932 5 many many JJ 7960 8932 6 of of IN 7960 8932 7 the the DT 7960 8932 8 higher high JJR 7960 8932 9 clergy clergy NNS 7960 8932 10 were be VBD 7960 8932 11 feudal feudal JJ 7960 8932 12 lords lord NNS 7960 8932 13 , , , 7960 8932 14 and and CC 7960 8932 15 that that IN 7960 8932 16 even even RB 7960 8932 17 the the DT 7960 8932 18 monasteries monastery NNS 7960 8932 19 owned own VBD 7960 8932 20 vast vast JJ 7960 8932 21 estates estate NNS 7960 8932 22 which which WDT 7960 8932 23 were be VBD 7960 8932 24 parceled parcel VBN 7960 8932 25 out out RP 7960 8932 26 among among IN 7960 8932 27 tenants tenant NNS 7960 8932 28 . . . 7960 8933 1 Nevertheless nevertheless RB 7960 8933 2 , , , 7960 8933 3 the the DT 7960 8933 4 Roman Roman NNP 7960 8933 5 Church Church NNP 7960 8933 6 as as IN 7960 8933 7 a a DT 7960 8933 8 universal universal JJ 7960 8933 9 organization organization NN 7960 8933 10 , , , 7960 8933 11 including include VBG 7960 8933 12 men man NNS 7960 8933 13 of of IN 7960 8933 14 all all DT 7960 8933 15 ranks rank NNS 7960 8933 16 and and CC 7960 8933 17 classes class NNS 7960 8933 18 , , , 7960 8933 19 was be VBD 7960 8933 20 necessarily necessarily RB 7960 8933 21 opposed oppose VBN 7960 8933 22 to to IN 7960 8933 23 feudalism feudalism NN 7960 8933 24 , , , 7960 8933 25 a a DT 7960 8933 26 local local JJ 7960 8933 27 and and CC 7960 8933 28 an an DT 7960 8933 29 aristocratic aristocratic JJ 7960 8933 30 system system NN 7960 8933 31 . . . 7960 8934 1 The the DT 7960 8934 2 work work NN 7960 8934 3 and and CC 7960 8934 4 influence influence NN 7960 8934 5 of of IN 7960 8934 6 this this DT 7960 8934 7 Church Church NNP 7960 8934 8 will will MD 7960 8934 9 now now RB 7960 8934 10 engage engage VB 7960 8934 11 our -PRON- PRP$ 7960 8934 12 attention attention NN 7960 8934 13 . . . 7960 8935 1 STUDIES STUDIES NNP 7960 8935 2 1 1 CD 7960 8935 3 . . . 7960 8936 1 Write write VB 7960 8936 2 a a DT 7960 8936 3 brief brief JJ 7960 8936 4 essay essay NN 7960 8936 5 on on IN 7960 8936 6 feudal feudal JJ 7960 8936 7 society society NN 7960 8936 8 , , , 7960 8936 9 using use VBG 7960 8936 10 the the DT 7960 8936 11 following follow VBG 7960 8936 12 words word NNS 7960 8936 13 : : : 7960 8936 14 lord lord NNP 7960 8936 15 ; ; : 7960 8936 16 vassal vassal NN 7960 8936 17 ; ; : 7960 8936 18 castle castle NNP 7960 8936 19 ; ; : 7960 8936 20 keep keep VB 7960 8936 21 ; ; : 7960 8936 22 dungeon dungeon NN 7960 8936 23 ; ; : 7960 8936 24 chivalry chivalry NN 7960 8936 25 ; ; : 7960 8936 26 tournament tournament NN 7960 8936 27 ; ; : 7960 8936 28 manor manor NN 7960 8936 29 ; ; : 7960 8936 30 and and CC 7960 8936 31 serf serf VBD 7960 8936 32 . . . 7960 8937 1 2 2 LS 7960 8937 2 . . . 7960 8938 1 Explain explain VB 7960 8938 2 the the DT 7960 8938 3 following follow VBG 7960 8938 4 terms term NNS 7960 8938 5 : : : 7960 8938 6 vassal vassal NNP 7960 8938 7 ; ; : 7960 8938 8 fief fief NNP 7960 8938 9 ; ; : 7960 8938 10 serf serf NN 7960 8938 11 ; ; : 7960 8938 12 " " `` 7960 8938 13 aid aid NN 7960 8938 14 " " '' 7960 8938 15 ; ; : 7960 8938 16 homage homage NN 7960 8938 17 ; ; : 7960 8938 18 squire squire NN 7960 8938 19 ; ; : 7960 8938 20 investiture investiture NN 7960 8938 21 ; ; : 7960 8938 22 and and CC 7960 8938 23 " " `` 7960 8938 24 relief relief NN 7960 8938 25 . . . 7960 8938 26 " " '' 7960 8939 1 3 3 LS 7960 8939 2 . . . 7960 8940 1 Look look VB 7960 8940 2 up up RP 7960 8940 3 the the DT 7960 8940 4 origin origin NN 7960 8940 5 of of IN 7960 8940 6 the the DT 7960 8940 7 words word NNS 7960 8940 8 homage homage NN 7960 8940 9 , , , 7960 8940 10 castle castle NNP 7960 8940 11 , , , 7960 8940 12 dungeon dungeon NN 7960 8940 13 , , , 7960 8940 14 and and CC 7960 8940 15 chivalry chivalry VB 7960 8940 16 . . . 7960 8941 1 4 4 LS 7960 8941 2 . . . 7960 8942 1 " " `` 7960 8942 2 The the DT 7960 8942 3 real real JJ 7960 8942 4 heirs heir NNS 7960 8942 5 of of IN 7960 8942 6 Charlemagne Charlemagne NNP 7960 8942 7 were be VBD 7960 8942 8 from from IN 7960 8942 9 the the DT 7960 8942 10 first first JJ 7960 8942 11 neither neither CC 7960 8942 12 the the DT 7960 8942 13 kings king NNS 7960 8942 14 of of IN 7960 8942 15 France France NNP 7960 8942 16 nor nor CC 7960 8942 17 those those DT 7960 8942 18 of of IN 7960 8942 19 Italy Italy NNP 7960 8942 20 or or CC 7960 8942 21 Germany Germany NNP 7960 8942 22 ; ; : 7960 8942 23 but but CC 7960 8942 24 the the DT 7960 8942 25 feudal feudal JJ 7960 8942 26 lords lord NNS 7960 8942 27 . . . 7960 8942 28 " " '' 7960 8943 1 Comment comment NN 7960 8943 2 on on IN 7960 8943 3 this this DT 7960 8943 4 statement statement NN 7960 8943 5 . . . 7960 8944 1 5 5 CD 7960 8944 2 . 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JJ 7960 8949 6 system system NN 7960 8949 7 with with IN 7960 8949 8 ( ( -LRB- 7960 8949 9 a a LS 7960 8949 10 ) ) -RRB- 7960 8949 11 the the DT 7960 8949 12 classical classical JJ 7960 8949 13 city- city- NN 7960 8949 14 states states NNP 7960 8949 15 , , , 7960 8949 16 ( ( -LRB- 7960 8949 17 b b LS 7960 8949 18 ) ) -RRB- 7960 8949 19 the the DT 7960 8949 20 Roman Roman NNP 7960 8949 21 Empire Empire NNP 7960 8949 22 , , , 7960 8949 23 and and CC 7960 8949 24 ( ( -LRB- 7960 8949 25 c c NN 7960 8949 26 ) ) -RRB- 7960 8949 27 modern modern JJ 7960 8949 28 national national JJ 7960 8949 29 states state NNS 7960 8949 30 . . . 7960 8950 1 8 8 LS 7960 8950 2 . . . 7960 8951 1 What what WP 7960 8951 2 was be VBD 7960 8951 3 the the DT 7960 8951 4 effect effect NN 7960 8951 5 of of IN 7960 8951 6 feudalism feudalism NN 7960 8951 7 on on IN 7960 8951 8 the the DT 7960 8951 9 sentiment sentiment NN 7960 8951 10 of of IN 7960 8951 11 patriotism patriotism NN 7960 8951 12 ? ? . 7960 8952 1 9 9 CD 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and and CC 7960 8955 23 " " `` 7960 8955 24 to to TO 7960 8955 25 haul haul VB 7960 8955 26 over over IN 7960 8955 27 the the DT 7960 8955 28 coals coal NNS 7960 8955 29 . . . 7960 8955 30 " " '' 7960 8956 1 11 11 CD 7960 8956 2 . . . 7960 8957 1 Compare compare VB 7960 8957 2 the the DT 7960 8957 3 oaths oath NNS 7960 8957 4 administered administer VBN 7960 8957 5 to to IN 7960 8957 6 witnesses witness NNS 7960 8957 7 in in IN 7960 8957 8 modern modern JJ 7960 8957 9 courts court NNS 7960 8957 10 with with IN 7960 8957 11 medieval medieval JJ 7960 8957 12 oaths oath NNS 7960 8957 13 . . . 7960 8958 1 12 12 CD 7960 8958 2 . . . 7960 8959 1 Why why WRB 7960 8959 2 was be VBD 7960 8959 3 war war NN 7960 8959 4 the the DT 7960 8959 5 usual usual JJ 7960 8959 6 condition condition NN 7960 8959 7 of of IN 7960 8959 8 feudal feudal JJ 7960 8959 9 society society NN 7960 8959 10 ? ? . 7960 8960 1 13 13 CD 7960 8960 2 . . . 7960 8961 1 Compare compare VB 7960 8961 2 the the DT 7960 8961 3 " " `` 7960 8961 4 Peace Peace NNP 7960 8961 5 of of IN 7960 8961 6 God God NNP 7960 8961 7 " " '' 7960 8961 8 with with IN 7960 8961 9 the the DT 7960 8961 10 earlier early JJR 7960 8961 11 " " `` 7960 8961 12 Roman roman JJ 7960 8961 13 Peace peace NN 7960 8961 14 " " '' 7960 8961 15 ( ( -LRB- 7960 8961 16 _ _ NNP 7960 8961 17 Pax Pax NNP 7960 8961 18 Romana Romana NNP 7960 8961 19 _ _ NNP 7960 8961 20 ) ) -RRB- 7960 8961 21 . . . 7960 8962 1 14 14 CD 7960 8962 2 . . . 7960 8963 1 Mention mention VB 7960 8963 2 some some DT 7960 8963 3 modern modern JJ 7960 8963 4 comforts comfort NNS 7960 8963 5 and and CC 7960 8963 6 luxuries luxury NNS 7960 8963 7 which which WDT 7960 8963 8 were be VBD 7960 8963 9 unknown unknown JJ 7960 8963 10 in in IN 7960 8963 11 feudal feudal JJ 7960 8963 12 castles castle NNS 7960 8963 13 . . . 7960 8964 1 15 15 CD 7960 8964 2 . . . 7960 8965 1 What what WP 7960 8965 2 is be VBZ 7960 8965 3 the the DT 7960 8965 4 present present JJ 7960 8965 5 meaning meaning NN 7960 8965 6 of of IN 7960 8965 7 the the DT 7960 8965 8 word word NN 7960 8965 9 " " `` 7960 8965 10 chivalrous chivalrous JJ 7960 8965 11 " " '' 7960 8965 12 ? ? . 7960 8966 1 How how WRB 7960 8966 2 did do VBD 7960 8966 3 it -PRON- PRP 7960 8966 4 get get VB 7960 8966 5 that that DT 7960 8966 6 meaning meaning NN 7960 8966 7 ? ? . 7960 8967 1 16 16 CD 7960 8967 2 . . . 7960 8968 1 Why why WRB 7960 8968 2 has have VBZ 7960 8968 3 chivalry chivalry NN 7960 8968 4 been be VBN 7960 8968 5 called call VBN 7960 8968 6 " " `` 7960 8968 7 the the DT 7960 8968 8 blossom blossom NNS 7960 8968 9 of of IN 7960 8968 10 feudalism feudalism NN 7960 8968 11 " " '' 7960 8968 12 ? ? . 7960 8969 1 17 17 CD 7960 8969 2 . . . 7960 8970 1 Contrast contrast VB 7960 8970 2 the the DT 7960 8970 3 ideal ideal NN 7960 8970 4 of of IN 7960 8970 5 a a DT 7960 8970 6 chivalry chivalry NN 7960 8970 7 with with IN 7960 8970 8 that that DT 7960 8970 9 of of IN 7960 8970 10 monasticism monasticism NN 7960 8970 11 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3 3 LS 7960 8976 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 8976 4 See see VB 7960 8976 5 pages page NNS 7960 8976 6 472 472 CD 7960 8976 7 , , , 7960 8976 8 478 478 CD 7960 8976 9 . . . 7960 8977 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 8977 2 4 4 LS 7960 8977 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 8977 4 The the DT 7960 8977 5 practice practice NN 7960 8977 6 of of IN 7960 8977 7 primogeniture primogeniture NN 7960 8977 8 has have VBZ 7960 8977 9 now now RB 7960 8977 10 been be VBN 7960 8977 11 abolished abolish VBN 7960 8977 12 by by IN 7960 8977 13 the the DT 7960 8977 14 laws law NNS 7960 8977 15 of of IN 7960 8977 16 the the DT 7960 8977 17 various various JJ 7960 8977 18 European european JJ 7960 8977 19 countries country NNS 7960 8977 20 and and CC 7960 8977 21 is be VBZ 7960 8977 22 not not RB 7960 8977 23 recognized recognize VBN 7960 8977 24 in in IN 7960 8977 25 the the DT 7960 8977 26 United United NNP 7960 8977 27 States States NNP 7960 8977 28 . . . 7960 8978 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 8978 2 still still RB 7960 8978 3 prevails prevail VBZ 7960 8978 4 , , , 7960 8978 5 however however RB 7960 8978 6 , , , 7960 8978 7 in in IN 7960 8978 8 England England NNP 7960 8978 9 . . . 7960 8979 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 8979 2 5 5 CD 7960 8979 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 8979 4 Latin Latin NNP 7960 8979 5 _ _ NNP 7960 8979 6 homo homo NN 7960 8979 7 _ _ NNP 7960 8979 8 , , , 7960 8979 9 " " `` 7960 8979 10 man man NN 7960 8979 11 . . . 7960 8979 12 " " '' 7960 8980 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 8980 2 6 6 CD 7960 8980 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 8980 4 Sir Sir NNP 7960 8980 5 Walter Walter NNP 7960 8980 6 Scott Scott NNP 7960 8980 7 's 's POS 7960 8980 8 novel novel NN 7960 8980 9 , , , 7960 8980 10 _ _ NNP 7960 8980 11 Ivanhoe Ivanhoe NNP 7960 8980 12 _ _ NNP 7960 8980 13 ( ( -LRB- 7960 8980 14 chapter chapter NN 7960 8980 15 xliii xliii NNP 7960 8980 16 ) ) -RRB- 7960 8980 17 , , , 7960 8980 18 contains contain VBZ 7960 8980 19 an an DT 7960 8980 20 account account NN 7960 8980 21 of of IN 7960 8980 22 a a DT 7960 8980 23 judicial judicial JJ 7960 8980 24 duel duel NN 7960 8980 25 . . . 7960 8981 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 8981 2 7 7 LS 7960 8981 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 8981 4 See see VB 7960 8981 5 page page NN 7960 8981 6 326 326 CD 7960 8981 7 . . . 7960 8982 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 8982 2 8 8 LS 7960 8982 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 8982 4 See see VB 7960 8982 5 page page NN 7960 8982 6 331 331 CD 7960 8982 7 . . . 7960 8983 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 8983 2 9 9 CD 7960 8983 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 8983 4 See see VB 7960 8983 5 the the DT 7960 8983 6 illustrations illustration NNS 7960 8983 7 , , , 7960 8983 8 pages page NNS 7960 8983 9 408 408 CD 7960 8983 10 , , , 7960 8983 11 421 421 CD 7960 8983 12 , , , 7960 8983 13 422 422 CD 7960 8983 14 , , , 7960 8983 15 473 473 CD 7960 8983 16 . . . 7960 8984 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 8984 2 10 10 CD 7960 8984 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 8984 4 The the DT 7960 8984 5 French french JJ 7960 8984 6 form form NN 7960 8984 7 of of IN 7960 8984 8 the the DT 7960 8984 9 word word NN 7960 8984 10 is be VBZ 7960 8984 11 _ _ NNP 7960 8984 12 château château NNP 7960 8984 13 _ _ NNP 7960 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A.D. 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A.D. 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Church NNP 7960 9027 3 thus thus RB 7960 9027 4 appeared appear VBD 7960 9027 5 as as IN 7960 9027 6 the the DT 7960 9027 7 sole sole JJ 7960 9027 8 repository repository NN 7960 9027 9 of of IN 7960 9027 10 religious religious JJ 7960 9027 11 knowledge knowledge NN 7960 9027 12 , , , 7960 9027 13 as as IN 7960 9027 14 " " `` 7960 9027 15 the the DT 7960 9027 16 gate gate NN 7960 9027 17 of of IN 7960 9027 18 heaven heaven NNP 7960 9027 19 . . . 7960 9027 20 " " '' 7960 9028 1 THE the DT 7960 9028 2 SACRAMENTAL SACRAMENTAL NNP 7960 9028 3 SYSTEM SYSTEM NNP 7960 9028 4 Salvation Salvation NNP 7960 9028 5 did do VBD 7960 9028 6 not not RB 7960 9028 7 depend depend VB 7960 9028 8 only only RB 7960 9028 9 on on IN 7960 9028 10 the the DT 7960 9028 11 acceptance acceptance NN 7960 9028 12 of of IN 7960 9028 13 certain certain JJ 7960 9028 14 beliefs belief NNS 7960 9028 15 . . . 7960 9029 1 There there EX 7960 9029 2 were be VBD 7960 9029 3 also also RB 7960 9029 4 certain certain JJ 7960 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from IN 7960 9030 13 the the DT 7960 9030 14 consequences consequence NNS 7960 9030 15 of of IN 7960 9030 16 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9030 17 sinful sinful JJ 7960 9030 18 nature nature NN 7960 9030 19 and and CC 7960 9030 20 filled fill VBD 7960 9030 21 him -PRON- PRP 7960 9030 22 with with IN 7960 9030 23 " " `` 7960 9030 24 the the DT 7960 9030 25 fullness fullness NN 7960 9030 26 of of IN 7960 9030 27 divine divine JJ 7960 9030 28 life life NN 7960 9030 29 . . . 7960 9030 30 " " '' 7960 9031 1 Since since IN 7960 9031 2 priests priest NNS 7960 9031 3 alone alone RB 7960 9031 4 could could MD 7960 9031 5 administer administer VB 7960 9031 6 the the DT 7960 9031 7 sacraments sacrament NNS 7960 9031 8 , , , 7960 9031 9 [ [ -LRB- 7960 9031 10 2 2 LS 7960 9031 11 ] ] -RRB- 7960 9031 12 the the DT 7960 9031 13 Church Church NNP 7960 9031 14 presented present VBD 7960 9031 15 itself -PRON- PRP 7960 9031 16 as as IN 7960 9031 17 the the DT 7960 9031 18 necessary necessary JJ 7960 9031 19 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and CC 7960 9041 21 heresy heresy NN 7960 9041 22 . . . 7960 9042 1 Penances penance NNS 7960 9042 2 often often RB 7960 9042 3 consisted consist VBD 7960 9042 4 in in IN 7960 9042 5 fasting fast VBG 7960 9042 6 , , , 7960 9042 7 reciting recite VBG 7960 9042 8 prayers prayer NNS 7960 9042 9 , , , 7960 9042 10 abstaining abstain VBG 7960 9042 11 from from IN 7960 9042 12 one one PRP 7960 9042 13 's 's POS 7960 9042 14 ordinary ordinary JJ 7960 9042 15 amusements amusement NNS 7960 9042 16 , , , 7960 9042 17 or or CC 7960 9042 18 beating beat VBG 7960 9042 19 oneself oneself PRP 7960 9042 20 with with IN 7960 9042 21 bundles bundle NNS 7960 9042 22 of of IN 7960 9042 23 rods rod NNS 7960 9042 24 . . . 7960 9043 1 A a DT 7960 9043 2 man man NN 7960 9043 3 who who WP 7960 9043 4 had have VBD 7960 9043 5 sinned sin VBN 7960 9043 6 grievously grievously RB 7960 9043 7 might may MD 7960 9043 8 be be VB 7960 9043 9 ordered order VBN 7960 9043 10 to to TO 7960 9043 11 engage engage VB 7960 9043 12 in in IN 7960 9043 13 charitable charitable JJ 7960 9043 14 work work NN 7960 9043 15 , , , 7960 9043 16 to to TO 7960 9043 17 make make VB 7960 9043 18 a a DT 7960 9043 19 contribution contribution NN 7960 9043 20 in in IN 7960 9043 21 money money NN 7960 9043 22 for for IN 7960 9043 23 the the DT 7960 9043 24 support support NN 7960 9043 25 of of IN 7960 9043 26 the the DT 7960 9043 27 Church Church NNP 7960 9043 28 , , , 7960 9043 29 or or CC 7960 9043 30 to to TO 7960 9043 31 go go VB 7960 9043 32 on on IN 7960 9043 33 a a DT 7960 9043 34 pilgrimage pilgrimage NN 7960 9043 35 to to IN 7960 9043 36 a a DT 7960 9043 37 sacred sacred JJ 7960 9043 38 shrine shrine NN 7960 9043 39 . . . 7960 9044 1 The the DT 7960 9044 2 more more RBR 7960 9044 3 distant distant JJ 7960 9044 4 and and CC 7960 9044 5 difficult difficult JJ 7960 9044 6 a a DT 7960 9044 7 pilgrimage pilgrimage NN 7960 9044 8 , , , 7960 9044 9 the the DT 7960 9044 10 more more RBR 7960 9044 11 meritorious 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7960 9071 11 the the DT 7960 9071 12 influence influence NN 7960 9071 13 of of IN 7960 9071 14 chivalry chivalry NN 7960 9071 15 , , , 7960 9071 16 [ [ -LRB- 7960 9071 17 7 7 CD 7960 9071 18 ] ] -RRB- 7960 9071 19 for for IN 7960 9071 20 the the DT 7960 9071 21 knight knight NN 7960 9071 22 , , , 7960 9071 23 who who WP 7960 9071 24 vowed vow VBD 7960 9071 25 to to TO 7960 9071 26 cherish cherish VB 7960 9071 27 womanhood womanhood NN 7960 9071 28 , , , 7960 9071 29 saw see VBD 7960 9071 30 in in IN 7960 9071 31 the the DT 7960 9071 32 Virgin Virgin NNP 7960 9071 33 the the DT 7960 9071 34 ideal ideal JJ 7960 9071 35 woman woman NN 7960 9071 36 . . . 7960 9072 1 Everywhere everywhere RB 7960 9072 2 churches church NNS 7960 9072 3 arose arise VBD 7960 9072 4 in in IN 7960 9072 5 her -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9072 6 honor honor NN 7960 9072 7 , , , 7960 9072 8 and and CC 7960 9072 9 no no DT 7960 9072 10 cathedral cathedral NNP 7960 9072 11 or or CC 7960 9072 12 abbey abbey NNP 7960 9072 13 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7960 9074 17 as as IN 7960 9074 18 the the DT 7960 9074 19 wood wood NN 7960 9074 20 or or CC 7960 9074 21 nails nail NNS 7960 9074 22 of of IN 7960 9074 23 the the DT 7960 9074 24 cross cross NN 7960 9074 25 on on IN 7960 9074 26 which which WDT 7960 9074 27 Christ Christ NNP 7960 9074 28 suffered suffer VBD 7960 9074 29 . . . 7960 9075 1 Relics relic NNS 7960 9075 2 were be VBD 7960 9075 3 not not RB 7960 9075 4 simply simply RB 7960 9075 5 mementos memento NNS 7960 9075 6 ; ; : 7960 9075 7 they -PRON- PRP 7960 9075 8 were be VBD 7960 9075 9 supposed suppose VBN 7960 9075 10 to to TO 7960 9075 11 possess possess VB 7960 9075 12 miraculous miraculous JJ 7960 9075 13 power power NN 7960 9075 14 which which WDT 7960 9075 15 passed pass VBD 7960 9075 16 into into IN 7960 9075 17 them -PRON- PRP 7960 9075 18 through through IN 7960 9075 19 contact contact NN 7960 9075 20 with with IN 7960 9075 21 holy holy JJ 7960 9075 22 persons person NNS 7960 9075 23 . . . 7960 9076 1 This this DT 7960 9076 2 belief belief NN 7960 9076 3 explains explain VBZ 7960 9076 4 the the DT 7960 9076 5 use use NN 7960 9076 6 of of IN 7960 9076 7 relics relic NNS 7960 9076 8 to to TO 7960 9076 9 heal heal VB 7960 9076 10 diseases disease NNS 7960 9076 11 , , , 7960 9076 12 to to IN 7960 9076 13 ward ward VB 7960 9076 14 off off RP 7960 9076 15 danger danger NN 7960 9076 16 , , , 7960 9076 17 and and CC 7960 9076 18 , , , 7960 9076 19 in in IN 7960 9076 20 general general JJ 7960 9076 21 , , , 7960 9076 22 to to TO 7960 9076 23 bring bring VB 7960 9076 24 good good JJ 7960 9076 25 fortune fortune NN 7960 9076 26 . . . 7960 9077 1 An an DT 7960 9077 2 oath oath NN 7960 9077 3 taken take VBN 7960 9077 4 upon upon IN 7960 9077 5 relics relic NNS 7960 9077 6 was be VBD 7960 9077 7 especially especially RB 7960 9077 8 sacred sacred JJ 7960 9077 9 . . . 7960 9078 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 9078 2 8 8 LS 7960 9078 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 9078 4 Every every DT 7960 9078 5 church church NN 7960 9078 6 building building NN 7960 9078 7 contained contain VBD 7960 9078 8 a a DT 7960 9078 9 collection collection NN 7960 9078 10 of of IN 7960 9078 11 relics relic NNS 7960 9078 12 , , , 7960 9078 13 sometimes sometimes RB 7960 9078 14 amounting amount VBG 7960 9078 15 to to IN 7960 9078 16 thousands thousand NNS 7960 9078 17 in in IN 7960 9078 18 number number NN 7960 9078 19 , , , 7960 9078 20 and and CC 7960 9078 21 even even RB 7960 9078 22 private private JJ 7960 9078 23 persons person NNS 7960 9078 24 often often RB 7960 9078 25 owned own VBD 7960 9078 26 them -PRON- PRP 7960 9078 27 . . . 7960 9079 1 PURGATORY PURGATORY NNP 7960 9079 2 The the DT 7960 9079 3 Church Church NNP 7960 9079 4 also also RB 7960 9079 5 taught teach VBD 7960 9079 6 a a DT 7960 9079 7 belief belief NN 7960 9079 8 in in IN 7960 9079 9 Purgatory Purgatory NNP 7960 9079 10 as as IN 7960 9079 11 a a DT 7960 9079 12 state state NN 7960 9079 13 or or CC 7960 9079 14 place place NN 7960 9079 15 of of IN 7960 9079 16 probation probation NN 7960 9079 17 . . . 7960 9080 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 9080 2 9 9 CD 7960 9080 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 9080 4 Here here RB 7960 9080 5 dwelt dwell VBD 7960 9080 6 the the DT 7960 9080 7 souls soul NNS 7960 9080 8 of of IN 7960 9080 9 those those DT 7960 9080 10 who who WP 7960 9080 11 were be VBD 7960 9080 12 guilty guilty JJ 7960 9080 13 of of IN 7960 9080 14 no no DT 7960 9080 15 mortal mortal JJ 7960 9080 16 sins sin NNS 7960 9080 17 which which WDT 7960 9080 18 would would MD 7960 9080 19 condemn condemn VB 7960 9080 20 them -PRON- PRP 7960 9080 21 to to IN 7960 9080 22 Hell Hell NNP 7960 9080 23 , , , 7960 9080 24 but but CC 7960 9080 25 yet yet RB 7960 9080 26 were be VBD 7960 9080 27 burdened burden VBN 7960 9080 28 with with IN 7960 9080 29 imperfections imperfection NNS 7960 9080 30 which which WDT 7960 9080 31 prevented prevent VBD 7960 9080 32 them -PRON- PRP 7960 9080 33 from from IN 7960 9080 34 entering enter VBG 7960 9080 35 Heaven Heaven NNP 7960 9080 36 . . . 7960 9081 1 Such such JJ 7960 9081 2 imperfections imperfection NNS 7960 9081 3 , , , 7960 9081 4 it -PRON- PRP 7960 9081 5 was be VBD 7960 9081 6 held hold VBN 7960 9081 7 , , , 7960 9081 8 might may MD 7960 9081 9 be be VB 7960 9081 10 removed remove VBN 7960 9081 11 by by IN 7960 9081 12 the the DT 7960 9081 13 prayers prayer NNS 7960 9081 14 of of IN 7960 9081 15 the the DT 7960 9081 16 living living NN 7960 9081 17 , , , 7960 9081 18 and and CC 7960 9081 19 hence hence RB 7960 9081 20 the the DT 7960 9081 21 practice practice NN 7960 9081 22 arose arise VBD 7960 9081 23 of of IN 7960 9081 24 praying pray VBG 7960 9081 25 for for IN 7960 9081 26 the the DT 7960 9081 27 dead dead NN 7960 9081 28 . . . 7960 9082 1 161 161 CD 7960 9082 2 . . . 7960 9083 1 CHURCH church NN 7960 9083 2 JURISDICTION jurisdiction NN 7960 9083 3 CHURCH CHURCH VBZ 7960 9083 4 COURTS courts NN 7960 9083 5 The the DT 7960 9083 6 Church Church NNP 7960 9083 7 had have VBD 7960 9083 8 regular regular JJ 7960 9083 9 courts court NNS 7960 9083 10 and and CC 7960 9083 11 a a DT 7960 9083 12 special special JJ 7960 9083 13 system system NN 7960 9083 14 of of IN 7960 9083 15 law law NN 7960 9083 16 [ [ -LRB- 7960 9083 17 10 10 CD 7960 9083 18 ] ] -RRB- 7960 9083 19 for for IN 7960 9083 20 the the DT 7960 9083 21 trial trial NN 7960 9083 22 of of IN 7960 9083 23 offenders offender NNS 7960 9083 24 against against IN 7960 9083 25 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9083 26 regulations regulation NNS 7960 9083 27 . . . 7960 9084 1 Many many JJ 7960 9084 2 cases case NNS 7960 9084 3 , , , 7960 9084 4 which which WDT 7960 9084 5 to to IN 7960 9084 6 - - HYPH 7960 9084 7 day day NN 7960 9084 8 would would MD 7960 9084 9 be be VB 7960 9084 10 decided decide VBN 7960 9084 11 according accord VBG 7960 9084 12 to to IN 7960 9084 13 the the DT 7960 9084 14 civil civil JJ 7960 9084 15 or or CC 7960 9084 16 criminal criminal JJ 7960 9084 17 law law NN 7960 9084 18 of of IN 7960 9084 19 the the DT 7960 9084 20 state state NN 7960 9084 21 , , , 7960 9084 22 in in IN 7960 9084 23 the the DT 7960 9084 24 Middle Middle NNP 7960 9084 25 Ages Ages NNPS 7960 9084 26 came come VBD 7960 9084 27 before before IN 7960 9084 28 the the DT 7960 9084 29 ecclesiastical ecclesiastical JJ 7960 9084 30 courts court NNS 7960 9084 31 . . . 7960 9085 1 Since since IN 7960 9085 2 marriage marriage NN 7960 9085 3 was be VBD 7960 9085 4 considered consider VBN 7960 9085 5 a a DT 7960 9085 6 sacrament sacrament NN 7960 9085 7 , , , 7960 9085 8 the the DT 7960 9085 9 Church Church NNP 7960 9085 10 took take VBD 7960 9085 11 upon upon IN 7960 9085 12 itself -PRON- PRP 7960 9085 13 to to TO 7960 9085 14 decide decide VB 7960 9085 15 what what WP 7960 9085 16 marriages marriage NNS 7960 9085 17 were be VBD 7960 9085 18 lawful lawful JJ 7960 9085 19 . . . 7960 9086 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 9086 2 forbade forbid VBD 7960 9086 3 the the DT 7960 9086 4 union union NN 7960 9086 5 of of IN 7960 9086 6 first first JJ 7960 9086 7 cousins cousin NNS 7960 9086 8 , , , 7960 9086 9 of of IN 7960 9086 10 second second JJ 7960 9086 11 cousins cousin NNS 7960 9086 12 , , , 7960 9086 13 and and CC 7960 9086 14 of of IN 7960 9086 15 godparents godparent NNS 7960 9086 16 and and CC 7960 9086 17 godchildren godchildren NNP 7960 9086 18 . . . 7960 9087 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 9087 2 refused refuse VBD 7960 9087 3 to to TO 7960 9087 4 sanction sanction NN 7960 9087 5 divorce divorce NN 7960 9087 6 , , , 7960 9087 7 for for IN 7960 9087 8 whatever whatever WDT 7960 9087 9 cause cause NN 7960 9087 10 , , , 7960 9087 11 if if IN 7960 9087 12 both both DT 7960 9087 13 parties party NNS 7960 9087 14 at at IN 7960 9087 15 the the DT 7960 9087 16 time time NN 7960 9087 17 of of IN 7960 9087 18 marriage marriage NN 7960 9087 19 had have VBD 7960 9087 20 been be VBN 7960 9087 21 baptized baptize VBN 7960 9087 22 Christians Christians NNPS 7960 9087 23 . . . 7960 9088 1 The the DT 7960 9088 2 Church Church NNP 7960 9088 3 dealt deal VBD 7960 9088 4 with with IN 7960 9088 5 inheritance inheritance NN 7960 9088 6 under under IN 7960 9088 7 wills will NNS 7960 9088 8 , , , 7960 9088 9 for for IN 7960 9088 10 a a DT 7960 9088 11 man man NN 7960 9088 12 could could MD 7960 9088 13 not not RB 7960 9088 14 make make VB 7960 9088 15 a a DT 7960 9088 16 legal legal JJ 7960 9088 17 will will NN 7960 9088 18 until until IN 7960 9088 19 he -PRON- PRP 7960 9088 20 had have VBD 7960 9088 21 confessed confess VBN 7960 9088 22 , , , 7960 9088 23 and and CC 7960 9088 24 confession confession NN 7960 9088 25 formed form VBD 7960 9088 26 part part NN 7960 9088 27 of of IN 7960 9088 28 the the DT 7960 9088 29 sacrament sacrament NN 7960 9088 30 of of IN 7960 9088 31 Penance Penance NNP 7960 9088 32 . . . 7960 9089 1 All all DT 7960 9089 2 contracts contract NNS 7960 9089 3 made make VBD 7960 9089 4 binding bind VBG 7960 9089 5 by by IN 7960 9089 6 oaths oath NNS 7960 9089 7 came come VBD 7960 9089 8 under under IN 7960 9089 9 Church Church NNP 7960 9089 10 jurisdiction jurisdiction NN 7960 9089 11 , , , 7960 9089 12 because because IN 7960 9089 13 an an DT 7960 9089 14 oath oath NN 7960 9089 15 was be VBD 7960 9089 16 an an DT 7960 9089 17 appeal appeal NN 7960 9089 18 to to IN 7960 9089 19 God God NNP 7960 9089 20 . . . 7960 9090 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 9090 2 11 11 CD 7960 9090 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 9090 4 The the DT 7960 9090 5 Church Church NNP 7960 9090 6 tried try VBD 7960 9090 7 those those DT 7960 9090 8 who who WP 7960 9090 9 were be VBD 7960 9090 10 charged charge VBN 7960 9090 11 with with IN 7960 9090 12 any any DT 7960 9090 13 sin sin NN 7960 9090 14 against against IN 7960 9090 15 religion religion NN 7960 9090 16 , , , 7960 9090 17 including include VBG 7960 9090 18 heresy heresy NN 7960 9090 19 , , , 7960 9090 20 blasphemy blasphemy NNP 7960 9090 21 , , , 7960 9090 22 the the DT 7960 9090 23 taking taking NN 7960 9090 24 of of IN 7960 9090 25 interest interest NN 7960 9090 26 ( ( -LRB- 7960 9090 27 usury usury NNP 7960 9090 28 ) ) 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as as IN 7960 9095 9 the the DT 7960 9095 10 privilege privilege NN 7960 9095 11 was be VBD 7960 9095 12 called call VBN 7960 9095 13 , , , 7960 9095 14 might may MD 7960 9095 15 be be VB 7960 9095 16 abused abuse VBN 7960 9095 17 . . . 7960 9096 1 Many many JJ 7960 9096 2 persons person NNS 7960 9096 3 who who WP 7960 9096 4 had have VBD 7960 9096 5 no no DT 7960 9096 6 intention intention NN 7960 9096 7 of of IN 7960 9096 8 acting act VBG 7960 9096 9 as as IN 7960 9096 10 priests priest NNS 7960 9096 11 or or CC 7960 9096 12 monks monk NNS 7960 9096 13 became become VBD 7960 9096 14 clergymen clergyman NNS 7960 9096 15 , , , 7960 9096 16 in in IN 7960 9096 17 order order NN 7960 9096 18 to to TO 7960 9096 19 shield shield VB 7960 9096 20 themselves -PRON- PRP 7960 9096 21 behind behind IN 7960 9096 22 the the DT 7960 9096 23 Church Church NNP 7960 9096 24 in in IN 7960 9096 25 case case NN 7960 9096 26 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9096 27 misdeeds misdeed NNS 7960 9096 28 were be VBD 7960 9096 29 exposed expose VBN 7960 9096 30 . . . 7960 9097 1 RIGHT right RB 7960 9097 2 OF of IN 7960 9097 3 " " `` 7960 9097 4 SANCTUARY SANCTUARY NNP 7960 9097 5 . . . 7960 9097 6 " " '' 7960 9098 1 An an DT 7960 9098 2 interesting interesting JJ 7960 9098 3 illustration illustration NN 7960 9098 4 of of IN 7960 9098 5 the the DT 7960 9098 6 power power NN 7960 9098 7 of of IN 7960 9098 8 the the DT 7960 9098 9 Church Church NNP 7960 9098 10 is be VBZ 7960 9098 11 afforded afford VBN 7960 9098 12 by by IN 7960 9098 13 the the DT 7960 9098 14 right right NN 7960 9098 15 of of IN 7960 9098 16 " " `` 7960 9098 17 sanctuary sanctuary JJ 7960 9098 18 . . . 7960 9098 19 " " '' 7960 9099 1 Any any DT 7960 9099 2 lawbreaker lawbreaker NN 7960 9099 3 who who WP 7960 9099 4 fled flee VBD 7960 9099 5 to to IN 7960 9099 6 a a DT 7960 9099 7 church church NN 7960 9099 8 building building NN 7960 9099 9 enjoyed enjoy VBN 7960 9099 10 , , , 7960 9099 11 for for IN 7960 9099 12 a a DT 7960 9099 13 limited limited JJ 7960 9099 14 time time NN 7960 9099 15 , , , 7960 9099 16 the the DT 7960 9099 17 privilege privilege NN 7960 9099 18 of of IN 7960 9099 19 safe safe JJ 7960 9099 20 refuge refuge NN 7960 9099 21 . . . 7960 9100 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 9100 2 was be VBD 7960 9100 3 considered consider VBN 7960 9100 4 a a DT 7960 9100 5 sin sin NN 7960 9100 6 against against IN 7960 9100 7 God God NNP 7960 9100 8 to to TO 7960 9100 9 drag drag VB 7960 9100 10 even even RB 7960 9100 11 the the DT 7960 9100 12 most most RBS 7960 9100 13 wicked wicked JJ 7960 9100 14 criminal criminal NN 7960 9100 15 from from IN 7960 9100 16 the the DT 7960 9100 17 altar altar NN 7960 9100 18 . . . 7960 9101 1 The the DT 7960 9101 2 most most JJS 7960 9101 3 that that WDT 7960 9101 4 could could MD 7960 9101 5 be be VB 7960 9101 6 done do VBN 7960 9101 7 was be VBD 7960 9101 8 to to TO 7960 9101 9 deny deny VB 7960 9101 10 the the DT 7960 9101 11 refugee refugee NN 7960 9101 12 food food NN 7960 9101 13 , 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against against IN 7960 9102 30 an an DT 7960 9102 31 offender offender NN 7960 9102 32 . . . 7960 9103 1 EXCOMMUNICATION excommunication VB 7960 9103 2 Disobedience disobedience NN 7960 9103 3 to to IN 7960 9103 4 the the DT 7960 9103 5 regulations regulation NNS 7960 9103 6 of of IN 7960 9103 7 the the DT 7960 9103 8 Church Church NNP 7960 9103 9 might may MD 7960 9103 10 be be VB 7960 9103 11 followed follow VBN 7960 9103 12 by by IN 7960 9103 13 excommunication excommunication NN 7960 9103 14 . . . 7960 9104 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 9104 2 was be VBD 7960 9104 3 a a DT 7960 9104 4 punishment punishment NN 7960 9104 5 which which WDT 7960 9104 6 cut cut VBD 7960 9104 7 off off RP 7960 9104 8 the the DT 7960 9104 9 offender offender NN 7960 9104 10 from from IN 7960 9104 11 all all DT 7960 9104 12 Christian christian JJ 7960 9104 13 fellowship fellowship NN 7960 9104 14 . . . 7960 9105 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 9105 2 could could MD 7960 9105 3 not not RB 7960 9105 4 attend attend VB 7960 9105 5 religious religious JJ 7960 9105 6 services service NNS 7960 9105 7 nor nor CC 7960 9105 8 enjoy enjoy VB 7960 9105 9 the the DT 7960 9105 10 sacraments sacrament NNS 7960 9105 11 so so RB 7960 9105 12 necessary necessary JJ 7960 9105 13 to to IN 7960 9105 14 salvation salvation NN 7960 9105 15 . . . 7960 9106 1 If if IN 7960 9106 2 he -PRON- PRP 7960 9106 3 died die VBD 7960 9106 4 excommunicate excommunicate NNP 7960 9106 5 , , , 7960 9106 6 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9106 7 body body NN 7960 9106 8 could could MD 7960 9106 9 not not RB 7960 9106 10 be be VB 7960 9106 11 buried bury VBN 7960 9106 12 in in IN 7960 9106 13 consecrated consecrate VBN 7960 9106 14 ground ground NN 7960 9106 15 . . . 7960 9107 1 By by IN 7960 9107 2 the the DT 7960 9107 3 law law NN 7960 9107 4 of of IN 7960 9107 5 the the DT 7960 9107 6 state state NN 7960 9107 7 he -PRON- PRP 7960 9107 8 lost lose VBD 7960 9107 9 all all DT 7960 9107 10 civil civil JJ 7960 9107 11 rights right NNS 7960 9107 12 and and CC 7960 9107 13 forfeited forfeit VBD 7960 9107 14 all all PDT 7960 9107 15 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9107 16 property property NN 7960 9107 17 . . . 7960 9108 1 No no DT 7960 9108 2 one one NN 7960 9108 3 might may MD 7960 9108 4 speak speak VB 7960 9108 5 to to IN 7960 9108 6 him -PRON- PRP 7960 9108 7 , , , 7960 9108 8 feed feed VB 7960 9108 9 him -PRON- PRP 7960 9108 10 , , , 7960 9108 11 or or CC 7960 9108 12 shelter shelter VB 7960 9108 13 him -PRON- PRP 7960 9108 14 . . . 7960 9109 1 This this DT 7960 9109 2 terrible terrible JJ 7960 9109 3 penalty penalty NN 7960 9109 4 , , , 7960 9109 5 it -PRON- PRP 7960 9109 6 is be VBZ 7960 9109 7 well well JJ 7960 9109 8 to to TO 7960 9109 9 point point VB 7960 9109 10 out out RP 7960 9109 11 , , , 7960 9109 12 was be VBD 7960 9109 13 usually usually RB 7960 9109 14 imposed impose VBN 7960 9109 15 only only RB 7960 9109 16 after after IN 7960 9109 17 the the DT 7960 9109 18 sinner sinner NN 7960 9109 19 had have VBD 7960 9109 20 received receive VBN 7960 9109 21 a a DT 7960 9109 22 fair fair JJ 7960 9109 23 trial trial NN 7960 9109 24 and and CC 7960 9109 25 had have VBD 7960 9109 26 spurned spurn VBN 7960 9109 27 all all DT 7960 9109 28 entreaties entreaty NNS 7960 9109 29 to to TO 7960 9109 30 repent repent VB 7960 9109 31 . . . 7960 9110 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 9110 2 12 12 CD 7960 9110 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 9110 4 INTERDICT INTERDICT NNP 7960 9110 5 The the DT 7960 9110 6 interdict interdict NN 7960 9110 7 , , , 7960 9110 8 another another DT 7960 9110 9 form form NN 7960 9110 10 of of IN 7960 9110 11 punishment punishment NN 7960 9110 12 , , , 7960 9110 13 was be VBD 7960 9110 14 directed direct VBN 7960 9110 15 against against IN 7960 9110 16 a a DT 7960 9110 17 particular particular JJ 7960 9110 18 locality locality NN 7960 9110 19 , , , 7960 9110 20 for for IN 7960 9110 21 the the DT 7960 9110 22 fault fault NN 7960 9110 23 of of IN 7960 9110 24 some some DT 7960 9110 25 of of IN 7960 9110 26 the the DT 7960 9110 27 inhabitants inhabitant NNS 7960 9110 28 who who WP 7960 9110 29 could could MD 7960 9110 30 not not RB 7960 9110 31 be be VB 7960 9110 32 reached reach VBN 7960 9110 33 directly directly RB 7960 9110 34 . . . 7960 9111 1 In in IN 7960 9111 2 time time NN 7960 9111 3 of of IN 7960 9111 4 interdict interdict NN 7960 9111 5 the the DT 7960 9111 6 priests priest NNS 7960 9111 7 closed close VBD 7960 9111 8 the the DT 7960 9111 9 churches church NNS 7960 9111 10 and and CC 7960 9111 11 neither neither DT 7960 9111 12 married marry VBD 7960 9111 13 the the DT 7960 9111 14 living living NN 7960 9111 15 nor nor CC 7960 9111 16 buried bury VBD 7960 9111 17 the the DT 7960 9111 18 dead dead NN 7960 9111 19 . . . 7960 9112 1 Of of IN 7960 9112 2 the the DT 7960 9112 3 sacraments sacrament NNS 7960 9112 4 only only RB 7960 9112 5 Baptism Baptism NNP 7960 9112 6 , , , 7960 9112 7 Confirmation Confirmation NNP 7960 9112 8 , , , 7960 9112 9 and and CC 7960 9112 10 Penance Penance NNP 7960 9112 11 were be VBD 7960 9112 12 permitted permit VBN 7960 9112 13 . . . 7960 9113 1 All all PDT 7960 9113 2 the the DT 7960 9113 3 inhabitants inhabitant NNS 7960 9113 4 of of IN 7960 9113 5 the the DT 7960 9113 6 afflicted afflict VBN 7960 9113 7 district district NN 7960 9113 8 were be VBD 7960 9113 9 ordered order VBN 7960 9113 10 to to TO 7960 9113 11 fast fast VB 7960 9113 12 , , , 7960 9113 13 as as IN 7960 9113 14 in in IN 7960 9113 15 Lent Lent NNP 7960 9113 16 , , , 7960 9113 17 and and CC 7960 9113 18 to to TO 7960 9113 19 let let VB 7960 9113 20 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9113 21 hair hair NN 7960 9113 22 grow grow VB 7960 9113 23 long long RB 7960 9113 24 in in IN 7960 9113 25 sign sign NN 7960 9113 26 of of IN 7960 9113 27 mourning mourning NN 7960 9113 28 . . . 7960 9114 1 The the DT 7960 9114 2 interdict interdict NN 7960 9114 3 also also RB 7960 9114 4 stopped stop VBD 7960 9114 5 the the DT 7960 9114 6 wheels wheel NNS 7960 9114 7 of of IN 7960 9114 8 government government NN 7960 9114 9 , , , 7960 9114 10 for for IN 7960 9114 11 courts court NNS 7960 9114 12 of of IN 7960 9114 13 justice justice NN 7960 9114 14 were be VBD 7960 9114 15 shut shut VBN 7960 9114 16 , , , 7960 9114 17 wills will NNS 7960 9114 18 could could MD 7960 9114 19 not not RB 7960 9114 20 be be VB 7960 9114 21 made make VBN 7960 9114 22 , , , 7960 9114 23 and and CC 7960 9114 24 public public JJ 7960 9114 25 officials official NNS 7960 9114 26 were be VBD 7960 9114 27 forbidden forbid VBN 7960 9114 28 to to TO 7960 9114 29 perform perform VB 7960 9114 30 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9114 31 duties duty NNS 7960 9114 32 . . . 7960 9115 1 In in IN 7960 9115 2 some some DT 7960 9115 3 cases case NNS 7960 9115 4 the the DT 7960 9115 5 Church church NN 7960 9115 6 went go VBD 7960 9115 7 so so RB 7960 9115 8 far far RB 7960 9115 9 as as IN 7960 9115 10 to to TO 7960 9115 11 lay lay VB 7960 9115 12 an an DT 7960 9115 13 interdict interdict NN 7960 9115 14 upon upon IN 7960 9115 15 an an DT 7960 9115 16 entire entire JJ 7960 9115 17 kingdom kingdom NN 7960 9115 18 , , , 7960 9115 19 whose whose WP$ 7960 9115 20 ruler ruler NN 7960 9115 21 had have VBD 7960 9115 22 refused refuse VBN 7960 9115 23 to to TO 7960 9115 24 obey obey VB 7960 9115 25 her -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9115 26 mandate mandate NN 7960 9115 27 . . . 7960 9116 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 9116 2 13 13 CD 7960 9116 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 9116 4 The the DT 7960 9116 5 interdict interdict NN 7960 9116 6 has have VBZ 7960 9116 7 now now RB 7960 9116 8 passed pass VBN 7960 9116 9 out out IN 7960 9116 10 of of IN 7960 9116 11 use use NN 7960 9116 12 , , , 7960 9116 13 but but CC 7960 9116 14 excommunication excommunication NN 7960 9116 15 still still RB 7960 9116 16 retains retain VBZ 7960 9116 17 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9116 18 place place NN 7960 9116 19 among among IN 7960 9116 20 the the DT 7960 9116 21 spiritual spiritual JJ 7960 9116 22 weapons weapon NNS 7960 9116 23 of of IN 7960 9116 24 the the DT 7960 9116 25 Church Church NNP 7960 9116 26 . . . 7960 9117 1 162 162 CD 7960 9117 2 . . . 7960 9118 1 THE the DT 7960 9118 2 SECULAR SECULAR NNP 7960 9118 3 CLERGY CLERGY VBD 7960 9118 4 THE the DT 7960 9118 5 SECULAR SECULAR NNP 7960 9118 6 AND and CC 7960 9118 7 REGULAR REGULAR NNP 7960 9118 8 CLERGY CLERGY NNP 7960 9118 9 Some some DT 7960 9118 10 one one NN 7960 9118 11 has have VBZ 7960 9118 12 said say VBN 7960 9118 13 that that IN 7960 9118 14 in in IN 7960 9118 15 the the DT 7960 9118 16 Middle Middle NNP 7960 9118 17 Ages Ages NNPS 7960 9118 18 there there EX 7960 9118 19 were be VBD 7960 9118 20 just just RB 7960 9118 21 three three CD 7960 9118 22 classes class NNS 7960 9118 23 of of IN 7960 9118 24 society society NN 7960 9118 25 : : : 7960 9118 26 the the DT 7960 9118 27 nobles noble NNS 7960 9118 28 who who WP 7960 9118 29 fought fight VBD 7960 9118 30 ; ; : 7960 9118 31 the the DT 7960 9118 32 peasants peasant NNS 7960 9118 33 who who WP 7960 9118 34 worked work VBD 7960 9118 35 ; ; : 7960 9118 36 and and CC 7960 9118 37 the the DT 7960 9118 38 clergy clergy NNS 7960 9118 39 who who WP 7960 9118 40 prayed pray VBD 7960 9118 41 . . . 7960 9119 1 The the DT 7960 9119 2 latter latter JJ 7960 9119 3 class class NN 7960 9119 4 was be VBD 7960 9119 5 divided divide VBN 7960 9119 6 into into IN 7960 9119 7 the the DT 7960 9119 8 secular secular JJ 7960 9119 9 [ [ -LRB- 7960 9119 10 14 14 CD 7960 9119 11 ] ] -RRB- 7960 9119 12 clergy clergy NNS 7960 9119 13 , , , 7960 9119 14 including include VBG 7960 9119 15 deacons deacon NNS 7960 9119 16 , , , 7960 9119 17 priests priest NNS 7960 9119 18 , , , 7960 9119 19 and and CC 7960 9119 20 bishops bishop NNS 7960 9119 21 , , , 7960 9119 22 who who WP 7960 9119 23 lived live VBD 7960 9119 24 active active JJ 7960 9119 25 lives life NNS 7960 9119 26 in in IN 7960 9119 27 the the DT 7960 9119 28 world world NN 7960 9119 29 , , , 7960 9119 30 and and CC 7960 9119 31 the the DT 7960 9119 32 regular regular JJ 7960 9119 33 [ [ -LRB- 7960 9119 34 15 15 CD 7960 9119 35 ] ] -RRB- 7960 9119 36 clergy clergy NN 7960 9119 37 , , , 7960 9119 38 or or CC 7960 9119 39 monks monk NNS 7960 9119 40 , , , 7960 9119 41 who who WP 7960 9119 42 passed pass VBD 7960 9119 43 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9119 44 days day NNS 7960 9119 45 in in IN 7960 9119 46 seclusion seclusion NN 7960 9119 47 behind behind IN 7960 9119 48 monastery monastery NN 7960 9119 49 walls wall NNS 7960 9119 50 . . . 7960 9120 1 POSITION position NN 7960 9120 2 OF of IN 7960 9120 3 THE the DT 7960 9120 4 CLERGY CLERGY NNP 7960 9120 5 It -PRON- PRP 7960 9120 6 has have VBZ 7960 9120 7 been be VBN 7960 9120 8 already already RB 7960 9120 9 pointed point VBN 7960 9120 10 out out RP 7960 9120 11 how how WRB 7960 9120 12 early early RB 7960 9120 13 both both CC 7960 9120 14 secular secular JJ 7960 9120 15 and and CC 7960 9120 16 regular regular JJ 7960 9120 17 clergy clergy NNS 7960 9120 18 came come VBD 7960 9120 19 to to TO 7960 9120 20 be be VB 7960 9120 21 distinguished distinguish VBN 7960 9120 22 from from IN 7960 9120 23 the the DT 7960 9120 24 laity laity NN 7960 9120 25 by by IN 7960 9120 26 abstention abstention NN 7960 9120 27 from from IN 7960 9120 28 money money NN 7960 9120 29 - - HYPH 7960 9120 30 making make VBG 7960 9120 31 activities activity NNS 7960 9120 32 , , , 7960 9120 33 differences difference NNS 7960 9120 34 in in IN 7960 9120 35 dress dress NN 7960 9120 36 , , , 7960 9120 37 and and CC 7960 9120 38 the the DT 7960 9120 39 obligation obligation NN 7960 9120 40 of of IN 7960 9120 41 celibacy celibacy NN 7960 9120 42 . . . 7960 9121 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 9121 2 16 16 CD 7960 9121 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 9121 4 Being be VBG 7960 9121 5 unmarried unmarrie VBN 7960 9121 6 , , , 7960 9121 7 the the DT 7960 9121 8 clergy clergy NN 7960 9121 9 had have VBD 7960 9121 10 no no DT 7960 9121 11 family family NN 7960 9121 12 cares care NNS 7960 9121 13 ; ; : 7960 9121 14 being be VBG 7960 9121 15 free free JJ 7960 9121 16 from from IN 7960 9121 17 the the DT 7960 9121 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, 7960 9122 17 also also RB 7960 9122 18 helped help VBD 7960 9122 19 to to TO 7960 9122 20 strengthen strengthen VB 7960 9122 21 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9122 22 influence influence NN 7960 9122 23 . . . 7960 9123 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 9123 2 appeared appear VBD 7960 9123 3 as as IN 7960 9123 4 a a DT 7960 9123 5 distinct distinct JJ 7960 9123 6 order order NN 7960 9123 7 , , , 7960 9123 8 in in IN 7960 9123 9 whose whose WP$ 7960 9123 10 charge charge NN 7960 9123 11 was be VBD 7960 9123 12 the the DT 7960 9123 13 care care NN 7960 9123 14 of of IN 7960 9123 15 souls soul NNS 7960 9123 16 and and CC 7960 9123 17 in in IN 7960 9123 18 whose whose WP$ 7960 9123 19 hands hand NNS 7960 9123 20 were be VBD 7960 9123 21 the the DT 7960 9123 22 keys key NNS 7960 9123 23 of of IN 7960 9123 24 heaven heaven NNP 7960 9123 25 . . . 7960 9124 1 PARISH PARISH NNP 7960 9124 2 PRIESTS PRIESTS NNP 7960 9124 3 An an DT 7960 9124 4 account account NN 7960 9124 5 of of IN 7960 9124 6 the the DT 7960 9124 7 secular secular JJ 7960 9124 8 clergy clergy NN 7960 9124 9 naturally naturally RB 7960 9124 10 begins begin VBZ 7960 9124 11 with with IN 7960 9124 12 the the DT 7960 9124 13 parish parish JJ 7960 9124 14 priest priest NN 7960 9124 15 , , , 7960 9124 16 who who WP 7960 9124 17 had have VBD 7960 9124 18 charge charge NN 7960 9124 19 of of IN 7960 9124 20 a a DT 7960 9124 21 parish parish NN 7960 9124 22 , , , 7960 9124 23 the the DT 7960 9124 24 smallest small JJS 7960 9124 25 division division NN 7960 9124 26 of of IN 7960 9124 27 Christendom Christendom NNP 7960 9124 28 . . . 7960 9125 1 No no DT 7960 9125 2 one one PRP 7960 9125 3 could could MD 7960 9125 4 act act VB 7960 9125 5 as as IN 7960 9125 6 a a DT 7960 9125 7 priest priest NN 7960 9125 8 without without IN 7960 9125 9 the the DT 7960 9125 10 approval approval NN 7960 9125 11 of of IN 7960 9125 12 the the DT 7960 9125 13 bishop bishop NN 7960 9125 14 , , , 7960 9125 15 but but CC 7960 9125 16 the the DT 7960 9125 17 nobleman nobleman NN 7960 9125 18 who who WP 7960 9125 19 supported support VBD 7960 9125 20 the the DT 7960 9125 21 parish parish NN 7960 9125 22 had have VBD 7960 9125 23 the the DT 7960 9125 24 privilege privilege NN 7960 9125 25 of of IN 7960 9125 26 nominating nominate VBG 7960 9125 27 candidates candidate NNS 7960 9125 28 for for IN 7960 9125 29 the the DT 7960 9125 30 position position NN 7960 9125 31 . . . 7960 9126 1 The the DT 7960 9126 2 priest priest NN 7960 9126 3 derived derive VBD 7960 9126 4 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9126 5 income income NN 7960 9126 6 from from IN 7960 9126 7 lands land NNS 7960 9126 8 belonging belong VBG 7960 9126 9 to to IN 7960 9126 10 the the DT 7960 9126 11 parish parish NN 7960 9126 12 , , , 7960 9126 13 from from IN 7960 9126 14 tithes tithe NNS 7960 9126 15 , , , 7960 9126 16 [ [ -LRB- 7960 9126 17 17 17 CD 7960 9126 18 ] ] -RRB- 7960 9126 19 and and CC 7960 9126 20 from from IN 7960 9126 21 voluntary voluntary JJ 7960 9126 22 contributions contribution NNS 7960 9126 23 , , , 7960 9126 24 but but CC 7960 9126 25 as as IN 7960 9126 26 a a DT 7960 9126 27 rule rule NN 7960 9126 28 he -PRON- PRP 7960 9126 29 received receive VBD 7960 9126 30 little little JJ 7960 9126 31 more more JJR 7960 9126 32 than than IN 7960 9126 33 a a DT 7960 9126 34 bare bare JJ 7960 9126 35 living living NN 7960 9126 36 . . . 7960 9127 1 The the DT 7960 9127 2 parish parish JJ 7960 9127 3 priest priest NN 7960 9127 4 was be VBD 7960 9127 5 the the DT 7960 9127 6 only only JJ 7960 9127 7 Church Church NNP 7960 9127 8 officer officer NN 7960 9127 9 who who WP 7960 9127 10 came come VBD 7960 9127 11 continually continually RB 7960 9127 12 into into IN 7960 9127 13 touch touch NN 7960 9127 14 with with IN 7960 9127 15 the the DT 7960 9127 16 common common JJ 7960 9127 17 people people NNS 7960 9127 18 . . . 7960 9128 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 9128 2 baptized baptize VBD 7960 9128 3 , , , 7960 9128 4 married married JJ 7960 9128 5 , , , 7960 9128 6 and and CC 7960 9128 7 buried bury VBD 7960 9128 8 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9128 9 parishioners parishioner NNS 7960 9128 10 . . . 7960 9129 1 For for IN 7960 9129 2 them -PRON- PRP 7960 9129 3 he -PRON- PRP 7960 9129 4 celebrated celebrate VBD 7960 9129 5 Mass Mass NNP 7960 9129 6 at at IN 7960 9129 7 least least JJS 7960 9129 8 once once RB 7960 9129 9 a a DT 7960 9129 10 week week NN 7960 9129 11 , , , 7960 9129 12 heard hear VBD 7960 9129 13 confessions confession NNS 7960 9129 14 , , , 7960 9129 15 and and CC 7960 9129 16 granted grant VBN 7960 9129 17 absolution absolution NN 7960 9129 18 . . . 7960 9130 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 9130 2 watched watch VBD 7960 9130 3 over over IN 7960 9130 4 all all DT 7960 9130 5 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9130 6 deeds deed NNS 7960 9130 7 on on IN 7960 9130 8 earth earth NN 7960 9130 9 and and CC 7960 9130 10 prepared prepare VBD 7960 9130 11 them -PRON- PRP 7960 9130 12 for for IN 7960 9130 13 the the DT 7960 9130 14 life life NN 7960 9130 15 to to TO 7960 9130 16 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9136 3 group group NN 7960 9136 4 of of IN 7960 9136 5 parishes parish NNS 7960 9136 6 formed form VBD 7960 9136 7 a a DT 7960 9136 8 diocese diocese NN 7960 9136 9 , , , 7960 9136 10 over over IN 7960 9136 11 which which WDT 7960 9136 12 a a DT 7960 9136 13 bishop bishop NN 7960 9136 14 presided preside VBD 7960 9136 15 . . . 7960 9137 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 9137 2 was be VBD 7960 9137 3 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9137 4 business business NN 7960 9137 5 to to TO 7960 9137 6 look look VB 7960 9137 7 after after IN 7960 9137 8 the the DT 7960 9137 9 property property NN 7960 9137 10 belonging belong VBG 7960 9137 11 to to IN 7960 9137 12 the the DT 7960 9137 13 diocese diocese NN 7960 9137 14 , , , 7960 9137 15 to to TO 7960 9137 16 hold hold VB 7960 9137 17 the the DT 7960 9137 18 ecclesiastical ecclesiastical JJ 7960 9137 19 courts court NNS 7960 9137 20 , , , 7960 9137 21 to to TO 7960 9137 22 visit visit VB 7960 9137 23 the the DT 7960 9137 24 clergy clergy NN 7960 9137 25 , , , 7960 9137 26 and and CC 7960 9137 27 to to TO 7960 9137 28 see see VB 7960 9137 29 that that IN 7960 9137 30 they -PRON- PRP 7960 9137 31 did do VBD 7960 9137 32 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9137 33 duty duty NN 7960 9137 34 . . . 7960 9138 1 The the DT 7960 9138 2 bishop bishop NN 7960 9138 3 alone alone RB 7960 9138 4 could could MD 7960 9138 5 administer administer VB 7960 9138 6 the the DT 7960 9138 7 sacraments sacrament NNS 7960 9138 8 of of IN 7960 9138 9 Confirmation Confirmation NNP 7960 9138 10 and and CC 7960 9138 11 Ordination Ordination NNP 7960 9138 12 . . . 7960 9139 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 9139 2 also also RB 7960 9139 3 performed perform VBD 7960 9139 4 the the DT 7960 9139 5 ceremonies ceremony NNS 7960 9139 6 at at IN 7960 9139 7 the the DT 7960 9139 8 consecration consecration NN 7960 9139 9 of of IN 7960 9139 10 a a DT 7960 9139 11 new new JJ 7960 9139 12 church church NN 7960 9139 13 edifice edifice NN 7960 9139 14 or or CC 7960 9139 15 shrine shrine NN 7960 9139 16 . . . 7960 9140 1 Since since IN 7960 9140 2 the the DT 7960 9140 3 Church Church NNP 7960 9140 4 held hold VBD 7960 9140 5 vast vast JJ 7960 9140 6 estates estate NNS 7960 9140 7 on on IN 7960 9140 8 feudal feudal JJ 7960 9140 9 tenure tenure NN 7960 9140 10 , , , 7960 9140 11 the the DT 7960 9140 12 bishop bishop NN 7960 9140 13 was be VBD 7960 9140 14 usually usually RB 7960 9140 15 a a DT 7960 9140 16 territorial territorial JJ 7960 9140 17 lord lord NNP 7960 9140 18 , , , 7960 9140 19 owing owe VBG 7960 9140 20 a a DT 7960 9140 21 vassal vassal NN 7960 9140 22 's 's POS 7960 9140 23 obligations obligation NNS 7960 9140 24 to to IN 7960 9140 25 the the DT 7960 9140 26 king king NN 7960 9140 27 or or CC 7960 9140 28 to to IN 7960 9140 29 some some DT 7960 9140 30 powerful powerful JJ 7960 9140 31 noble noble JJ 7960 9140 32 for for IN 7960 9140 33 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9140 34 land land NN 7960 9140 35 and and CC 7960 9140 36 himself -PRON- PRP 7960 9140 37 ruling rule VBG 7960 9140 38 over over IN 7960 9140 39 vassals vassal NNS 7960 9140 40 in in IN 7960 9140 41 different different JJ 7960 9140 42 parts part NNS 7960 9140 43 of of IN 7960 9140 44 the the DT 7960 9140 45 country country NN 7960 9140 46 . . . 7960 9141 1 As as IN 7960 9141 2 symbols symbol NNS 7960 9141 3 of of IN 7960 9141 4 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9141 5 power power NN 7960 9141 6 and and CC 7960 9141 7 dignity dignity NN 7960 9141 8 the the DT 7960 9141 9 bishop bishop NN 7960 9141 10 wore wear VBD 7960 9141 11 on on IN 7960 9141 12 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9141 13 head head NN 7960 9141 14 the the DT 7960 9141 15 miter miter NN 7960 9141 16 and and CC 7960 9141 17 carried carry VBD 7960 9141 18 the the DT 7960 9141 19 pastoral pastoral JJ 7960 9141 20 staff staff NN 7960 9141 21 , , , 7960 9141 22 or or CC 7960 9141 23 crosier crosi JJR 7960 9141 24 . . . 7960 9142 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 9142 2 18 18 CD 7960 9142 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 9142 4 [ [ -LRB- 7960 9142 5 Illustration illustration NN 7960 9142 6 : : : 7960 9142 7 A a DT 7960 9142 8 BISHOP BISHOP NNP 7960 9142 9 ORDAINING ordain VBG 7960 9142 10 A a DT 7960 9142 11 PRIEST priest NN 7960 9142 12 From from IN 7960 9142 13 an an DT 7960 9142 14 English english JJ 7960 9142 15 manuscript manuscript NN 7960 9142 16 of of IN 7960 9142 17 the the DT 7960 9142 18 twelfth twelfth JJ 7960 9142 19 century century NN 7960 9142 20 . . . 7960 9143 1 The the DT 7960 9143 2 bishop bishop NN 7960 9143 3 wears wear VBZ 7960 9143 4 a a DT 7960 9143 5 miter miter NN 7960 9143 6 and and CC 7960 9143 7 holds hold VBZ 7960 9143 8 in in IN 7960 9143 9 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9143 10 left left JJ 7960 9143 11 hand hand NN 7960 9143 12 the the DT 7960 9143 13 pastoral pastoral JJ 7960 9143 14 staff staff NN 7960 9143 15 , , , 7960 9143 16 or or CC 7960 9143 17 crosier crosi JJR 7960 9143 18 . . . 7960 9144 1 His -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9144 2 right right JJ 7960 9144 3 hand hand NN 7960 9144 4 is be VBZ 7960 9144 5 extended extend VBN 7960 9144 6 in in IN 7960 9144 7 blessing blessing NN 7960 9144 8 over over IN 7960 9144 9 the the DT 7960 9144 10 priest priest NN 7960 9144 11 's 's POS 7960 9144 12 head head NN 7960 9144 13 . . . 7960 9144 14 ] ] -RRB- 7960 9145 1 ARCHBISHOPS archbishops RB 7960 9145 2 Above above IN 7960 9145 3 the the DT 7960 9145 4 bishop bishop NN 7960 9145 5 in in IN 7960 9145 6 rank rank NNP 7960 9145 7 stood stand VBD 7960 9145 8 the the DT 7960 9145 9 archbishop archbishop NN 7960 9145 10 . . . 7960 9146 1 In in IN 7960 9146 2 England England NNP 7960 9146 3 , , , 7960 9146 4 for for IN 7960 9146 5 example example NN 7960 9146 6 , , , 7960 9146 7 there there EX 7960 9146 8 were be VBD 7960 9146 9 two two CD 7960 9146 10 archbishops archbishop NNS 7960 9146 11 , , , 7960 9146 12 one one PRP 7960 9146 13 residing reside VBG 7960 9146 14 at at IN 7960 9146 15 York York NNP 7960 9146 16 and and CC 7960 9146 17 the the DT 7960 9146 18 other other JJ 7960 9146 19 at at IN 7960 9146 20 Canterbury Canterbury NNP 7960 9146 21 . . . 7960 9147 1 The the DT 7960 9147 2 latter latter JJ 7960 9147 3 , , , 7960 9147 4 as as IN 7960 9147 5 " " `` 7960 9147 6 primate primate NN 7960 9147 7 of of IN 7960 9147 8 all all DT 7960 9147 9 England England NNP 7960 9147 10 , , , 7960 9147 11 " " '' 7960 9147 12 was be VBD 7960 9147 13 the the DT 7960 9147 14 highest high JJS 7960 9147 15 ecclesiastical ecclesiastical JJ 7960 9147 16 dignitary dignitary NN 7960 9147 17 in in IN 7960 9147 18 the the DT 7960 9147 19 land land NN 7960 9147 20 . . . 7960 9148 1 An an DT 7960 9148 2 archbishop archbishop NN 7960 9148 3 's 's POS 7960 9148 4 distinctive distinctive JJ 7960 9148 5 vestment vestment NN 7960 9148 6 consisted consist VBN 7960 9148 7 of of IN 7960 9148 8 the the DT 7960 9148 9 _ _ NNP 7960 9148 10 pallium pallium NN 7960 9148 11 _ _ NNP 7960 9148 12 , , , 7960 9148 13 a a DT 7960 9148 14 narrow narrow JJ 7960 9148 15 band band NN 7960 9148 16 of of IN 7960 9148 17 white white JJ 7960 9148 18 wool wool NNP 7960 9148 19 , , , 7960 9148 20 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called call VBN 7960 9150 22 a a DT 7960 9150 23 cathedral cathedral NN 7960 9150 24 . . . 7960 9151 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 9151 2 was be VBD 7960 9151 3 ordinarily ordinarily RB 7960 9151 4 the the DT 7960 9151 5 largest large JJS 7960 9151 6 and and CC 7960 9151 7 most most RBS 7960 9151 8 magnificent magnificent JJ 7960 9151 9 church church NN 7960 9151 10 in in IN 7960 9151 11 the the DT 7960 9151 12 diocese diocese NN 7960 9151 13 . . . 7960 9152 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 9152 2 20 20 CD 7960 9152 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 9152 4 163 163 CD 7960 9152 5 . . . 7960 9153 1 THE the DT 7960 9153 2 REGULAR regular JJ 7960 9153 3 CLERGY CLERGY NNP 7960 9153 4 DECLINE DECLINE NNP 7960 9153 5 OF of IN 7960 9153 6 MONASTICISM MONASTICISM NNP 7960 9153 7 The the DT 7960 9153 8 regular regular JJ 7960 9153 9 clergy clergy NN 7960 9153 10 , , , 7960 9153 11 or or CC 7960 9153 12 monks monk NNS 7960 9153 13 , , , 7960 9153 14 during during IN 7960 9153 15 the the DT 7960 9153 16 early early JJ 7960 9153 17 Middle Middle NNP 7960 9153 18 Ages Ages NNP 7960 9153 19 belonged belong VBD 7960 9153 20 to to IN 7960 9153 21 the the DT 7960 9153 22 Benedictine Benedictine NNP 7960 9153 23 order order NN 7960 9153 24 . . . 7960 9154 1 By by IN 7960 9154 2 the the DT 7960 9154 3 tenth tenth JJ 7960 9154 4 century century NN 7960 9154 5 , , , 7960 9154 6 however however RB 7960 9154 7 , , , 7960 9154 8 St. St. NNP 7960 9154 9 Benedict Benedict NNP 7960 9154 10 's 's POS 7960 9154 11 Rule Rule NNP 7960 9154 12 had have VBD 7960 9154 13 lost lose VBN 7960 9154 14 much much JJ 7960 9154 15 of of IN 7960 9154 16 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9154 17 force force NN 7960 9154 18 . . . 7960 9155 1 As as IN 7960 9155 2 the the DT 7960 9155 3 monasteries monastery NNS 7960 9155 4 increased increase VBD 7960 9155 5 in in IN 7960 9155 6 wealth wealth NN 7960 9155 7 through through IN 7960 9155 8 gifts gift NNS 7960 9155 9 of of IN 7960 9155 10 land land NN 7960 9155 11 and and CC 7960 9155 12 goods good NNS 7960 9155 13 , , 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NNS 7960 9156 26 to to TO 7960 9156 27 work work VB 7960 9156 28 for for IN 7960 9156 29 them -PRON- PRP 7960 9156 30 . . . 7960 9157 1 At at IN 7960 9157 2 the the DT 7960 9157 3 same same JJ 7960 9157 4 time time NN 7960 9157 5 powerful powerful JJ 7960 9157 6 feudal feudal JJ 7960 9157 7 lords lord NNS 7960 9157 8 frequently frequently RB 7960 9157 9 obtained obtain VBD 7960 9157 10 control control NN 7960 9157 11 of of IN 7960 9157 12 the the DT 7960 9157 13 monastic monastic JJ 7960 9157 14 estates estate NNS 7960 9157 15 by by IN 7960 9157 16 appointing appoint VBG 7960 9157 17 as as IN 7960 9157 18 abbots abbot NNS 7960 9157 19 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9157 20 children child NNS 7960 9157 21 or or CC 7960 9157 22 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9157 23 retainers retainer NNS 7960 9157 24 . . . 7960 9158 1 Grave grave JJ 7960 9158 2 danger danger NN 7960 9158 3 existed exist VBD 7960 9158 4 that that IN 7960 9158 5 the the DT 7960 9158 6 monasteries monastery NNS 7960 9158 7 would would MD 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A.D. NNP 7960 9169 15 at at IN 7960 9169 16 Citeaux Citeaux NNP 7960 9169 17 , , , 7960 9169 18 not not RB 7960 9169 19 far far RB 7960 9169 20 from from IN 7960 9169 21 Cluny Cluny NNP 7960 9169 22 . . . 7960 9170 1 The the DT 7960 9170 2 keynote keynote NN 7960 9170 3 of of IN 7960 9170 4 Cistercian cistercian JJ 7960 9170 5 life life NN 7960 9170 6 was be VBD 7960 9170 7 the the DT 7960 9170 8 return return NN 7960 9170 9 to to IN 7960 9170 10 a a DT 7960 9170 11 literal literal JJ 7960 9170 12 obedience obedience NN 7960 9170 13 of of IN 7960 9170 14 St. St. NNP 7960 9170 15 Benedict Benedict NNP 7960 9170 16 's 's POS 7960 9170 17 Rule rule NN 7960 9170 18 . . . 7960 9171 1 Hence hence RB 7960 9171 2 the the DT 7960 9171 3 members member NNS 7960 9171 4 of of IN 7960 9171 5 the the DT 7960 9171 6 order order NN 7960 9171 7 lived live VBD 7960 9171 8 in in IN 7960 9171 9 the the DT 7960 9171 10 utmost utmost JJ 7960 9171 11 simplicity simplicity NN 7960 9171 12 , , , 7960 9171 13 cooking cook VBG 7960 9171 14 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9171 15 own own JJ 7960 9171 16 meager meager JJ 7960 9171 17 repasts repast NNS 7960 9171 18 and and CC 7960 9171 19 wearing wear VBG 7960 9171 20 coarse coarse JJ 7960 9171 21 woolen woolen JJ 7960 9171 22 garments garment NNS 7960 9171 23 woven weave VBN 7960 9171 24 from from IN 7960 9171 25 the the DT 7960 9171 26 fleeces fleece NNS 7960 9171 27 of of IN 7960 9171 28 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9171 29 own own JJ 7960 9171 30 sheep sheep NN 7960 9171 31 . . . 7960 9172 1 The the DT 7960 9172 2 Cistercians Cistercians NNPS 7960 9172 3 especially especially RB 7960 9172 4 emphasized emphasize VBD 7960 9172 5 the the DT 7960 9172 6 need need NN 7960 9172 7 for for IN 7960 9172 8 manual manual JJ 7960 9172 9 labor labor NN 7960 9172 10 . . . 7960 9173 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 9173 2 were be VBD 7960 9173 3 the the DT 7960 9173 4 best good JJS 7960 9173 5 farmers farmer NNS 7960 9173 6 and and CC 7960 9173 7 cattle cattle NNS 7960 9173 8 breeders breeder NNS 7960 9173 9 of of IN 7960 9173 10 the the DT 7960 9173 11 Middle Middle NNP 7960 9173 12 Ages Ages NNPS 7960 9173 13 . . . 7960 9174 1 Western Western NNP 7960 9174 2 Europe Europe NNP 7960 9174 3 owes owe VBZ 7960 9174 4 even even RB 7960 9174 5 more more JJR 7960 9174 6 to to IN 7960 9174 7 them -PRON- PRP 7960 9174 8 than than IN 7960 9174 9 to to IN 7960 9174 10 the the DT 7960 9174 11 Benedictines Benedictines NNPS 7960 9174 12 for for IN 7960 9174 13 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9174 14 work work NN 7960 9174 15 as as IN 7960 9174 16 pioneers pioneer NNS 7960 9174 17 in in IN 7960 9174 18 the the DT 7960 9174 19 wilderness wilderness NN 7960 9174 20 . . . 7960 9175 1 " " `` 7960 9175 2 The the DT 7960 9175 3 Cistercians Cistercians NNPS 7960 9175 4 , , , 7960 9175 5 " " '' 7960 9175 6 declared declare VBD 7960 9175 7 a a DT 7960 9175 8 medieval medieval JJ 7960 9175 9 writer writer NN 7960 9175 10 , , , 7960 9175 11 " " `` 7960 9175 12 are be VBP 7960 9175 13 a a DT 7960 9175 14 model model NN 7960 9175 15 to to IN 7960 9175 16 all all DT 7960 9175 17 monks monk NNS 7960 9175 18 , , , 7960 9175 19 a a DT 7960 9175 20 mirror mirror NN 7960 9175 21 for for IN 7960 9175 22 the the DT 7960 9175 23 diligent diligent NN 7960 9175 24 , , , 7960 9175 25 a a DT 7960 9175 26 spur spur NN 7960 9175 27 to to IN 7960 9175 28 the the DT 7960 9175 29 indolent indolent NN 7960 9175 30 . . . 7960 9175 31 " " '' 7960 9176 1 ST ST NNP 7960 9176 2 . . NNP 7960 9176 3 BERNARD BERNARD NNP 7960 9176 4 , , , 7960 9176 5 1090 1090 CD 7960 9176 6 - - SYM 7960 9176 7 1153 1153 CD 7960 9176 8 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 9177 1 The the DT 7960 9177 2 whole whole JJ 7960 9177 3 spirit spirit NN 7960 9177 4 of of IN 7960 9177 5 medieval medieval JJ 7960 9177 6 monasticism monasticism NN 7960 9177 7 found find VBD 7960 9177 8 expression expression NN 7960 9177 9 in in IN 7960 9177 10 St. St. NNP 7960 9177 11 Bernard Bernard NNP 7960 9177 12 , , , 7960 9177 13 a a DT 7960 9177 14 Burgundian Burgundian NNP 7960 9177 15 of of IN 7960 9177 16 noble noble JJ 7960 9177 17 birth birth NN 7960 9177 18 . . . 7960 9178 1 While while IN 7960 9178 2 still still RB 7960 9178 3 a a DT 7960 9178 4 young young JJ 7960 9178 5 man man NN 7960 9178 6 he -PRON- PRP 7960 9178 7 resolved resolve VBD 7960 9178 8 to to TO 7960 9178 9 leave leave VB 7960 9178 10 the the DT 7960 9178 11 world world NN 7960 9178 12 and and CC 7960 9178 13 seek seek VB 7960 9178 14 the the DT 7960 9178 15 repose repose NN 7960 9178 16 of of IN 7960 9178 17 the the DT 7960 9178 18 monastic monastic JJ 7960 9178 19 life life NN 7960 9178 20 . . . 7960 9179 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 9179 2 entered enter VBD 7960 9179 3 Citeaux Citeaux NNP 7960 9179 4 , , , 7960 9179 5 carrying carry VBG 7960 9179 6 with with IN 7960 9179 7 him -PRON- PRP 7960 9179 8 thirty thirty CD 7960 9179 9 companions companion NNS 7960 9179 10 . . . 7960 9180 1 Mothers mother NNS 7960 9180 2 are be VBP 7960 9180 3 said say VBN 7960 9180 4 to to TO 7960 9180 5 have have VB 7960 9180 6 hid hide VBN 7960 9180 7 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9180 8 sons son NNS 7960 9180 9 from from IN 7960 9180 10 him -PRON- PRP 7960 9180 11 , , , 7960 9180 12 and and CC 7960 9180 13 wives wive VBZ 7960 9180 14 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9180 15 husbands husband NNS 7960 9180 16 , , , 7960 9180 17 lest lest IN 7960 9180 18 they -PRON- PRP 7960 9180 19 should should MD 7960 9180 20 be be VB 7960 9180 21 converted convert VBN 7960 9180 22 to to IN 7960 9180 23 monasticism monasticism NN 7960 9180 24 by by IN 7960 9180 25 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9180 26 persuasive persuasive JJ 7960 9180 27 words word NNS 7960 9180 28 . . . 7960 9181 1 After after IN 7960 9181 2 a a DT 7960 9181 3 few few JJ 7960 9181 4 years year NNS 7960 9181 5 at at IN 7960 9181 6 Citeaux Citeaux NNP 7960 9181 7 St. St. NNP 7960 9181 8 Bernard Bernard NNP 7960 9181 9 established establish VBD 7960 9181 10 the the DT 7960 9181 11 monastery monastery NN 7960 9181 12 of of IN 7960 9181 13 Clairvaux Clairvaux NNP 7960 9181 14 , , , 7960 9181 15 over over IN 7960 9181 16 which which WDT 7960 9181 17 he -PRON- PRP 7960 9181 18 ruled rule VBD 7960 9181 19 as as IN 7960 9181 20 abbot abbot NN 7960 9181 21 till till IN 7960 9181 22 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9181 23 death death NN 7960 9181 24 . . . 7960 9182 1 His -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9182 2 ascetic ascetic JJ 7960 9182 3 life life NN 7960 9182 4 , , , 7960 9182 5 piety piety NN 7960 9182 6 , , , 7960 9182 7 eloquence eloquence NN 7960 9182 8 , , , 7960 9182 9 and and CC 7960 9182 10 ability ability NN 7960 9182 11 as as IN 7960 9182 12 an an DT 7960 9182 13 executive executive NN 7960 9182 14 soon soon RB 7960 9182 15 brought bring VBD 7960 9182 16 him -PRON- PRP 7960 9182 17 into into IN 7960 9182 18 prominence prominence NN 7960 9182 19 . . . 7960 9183 1 People People NNS 7960 9183 2 visited visit VBD 7960 9183 3 Clairvaux Clairvaux NNP 7960 9183 4 from from IN 7960 9183 5 far far RB 7960 9183 6 and and CC 7960 9183 7 near near RB 7960 9183 8 to to TO 7960 9183 9 listen listen VB 7960 9183 10 to to IN 7960 9183 11 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9183 12 preaching preaching NN 7960 9183 13 and and CC 7960 9183 14 to to TO 7960 9183 15 receive receive VB 7960 9183 16 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9183 17 counsels counsel NNS 7960 9183 18 . . . 7960 9184 1 The the DT 7960 9184 2 monastery monastery NN 7960 9184 3 flourished flourish VBD 7960 9184 4 under under IN 7960 9184 5 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9184 6 direction direction NN 7960 9184 7 and and CC 7960 9184 8 became become VBD 7960 9184 9 the the DT 7960 9184 10 parent parent NN 7960 9184 11 of of IN 7960 9184 12 no no DT 7960 9184 13 less less JJR 7960 9184 14 than than IN 7960 9184 15 sixty sixty CD 7960 9184 16 - 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NNP 7960 9199 3 FRANCIS FRANCIS NNP 7960 9199 4 , , , 7960 9199 5 1181 1181 CD 7960 9199 6 ( ( -LRB- 7960 9199 7 ? ? . 7960 9200 1 ) ) -RRB- 7960 9200 2 -1226 -1226 NNP 7960 9200 3 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 9200 4 Twenty twenty CD 7960 9200 5 - - HYPH 7960 9200 6 eight eight CD 7960 9200 7 years year NNS 7960 9200 8 after after IN 7960 9200 9 the the DT 7960 9200 10 death death NN 7960 9200 11 of of IN 7960 9200 12 St. St. NNP 7960 9200 13 Bernard Bernard NNP 7960 9200 14 , , , 7960 9200 15 St. St. NNP 7960 9200 16 Francis Francis NNP 7960 9200 17 was be VBD 7960 9200 18 born bear VBN 7960 9200 19 at at IN 7960 9200 20 Assisi Assisi NNP 7960 9200 21 . . . 7960 9201 1 As as IN 7960 9201 2 the the DT 7960 9201 3 son son NN 7960 9201 4 of of IN 7960 9201 5 a a DT 7960 9201 6 rich rich JJ 7960 9201 7 and and CC 7960 9201 8 prominent prominent JJ 7960 9201 9 merchant merchant NN 7960 9201 10 St. St. NNP 7960 9201 11 Francis Francis NNP 7960 9201 12 had have VBD 7960 9201 13 before before IN 7960 9201 14 him -PRON- PRP 7960 9201 15 the the DT 7960 9201 16 prospect prospect NN 7960 9201 17 of of IN 7960 9201 18 a a DT 7960 9201 19 fine fine JJ 7960 9201 20 career career NN 7960 9201 21 in in IN 7960 9201 22 the the DT 7960 9201 23 world world NN 7960 9201 24 . . . 7960 9202 1 But but CC 7960 9202 2 he -PRON- PRP 7960 9202 3 put put VBD 7960 9202 4 away away RP 7960 9202 5 all all DT 7960 9202 6 thoughts thought NNS 7960 9202 7 of of IN 7960 9202 8 fame fame NN 7960 9202 9 and and CC 7960 9202 10 wealth wealth NN 7960 9202 11 , , , 7960 9202 12 deserted desert VBD 7960 9202 13 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9202 14 gay gay JJ 7960 9202 15 companions companion NNS 7960 9202 16 , , , 7960 9202 17 and and CC 7960 9202 18 , , , 7960 9202 19 choosing choose VBG 7960 9202 20 " " `` 7960 9202 21 Lady Lady NNP 7960 9202 22 Poverty Poverty NNP 7960 9202 23 " " '' 7960 9202 24 as as IN 7960 9202 25 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9202 26 bride bride NN 7960 9202 27 , , , 7960 9202 28 started start VBD 7960 9202 29 out out RP 7960 9202 30 to to IN 7960 9202 31 minister minister NNP 7960 9202 32 to to IN 7960 9202 33 lepers leper NNS 7960 9202 34 and and CC 7960 9202 35 social social JJ 7960 9202 36 outcasts outcast NNS 7960 9202 37 . . . 7960 9203 1 One one CD 7960 9203 2 day day NN 7960 9203 3 , , , 7960 9203 4 while while IN 7960 9203 5 attending attend VBG 7960 9203 6 Mass Mass NNP 7960 9203 7 , , , 7960 9203 8 the the DT 7960 9203 9 call call NN 7960 9203 10 came come VBD 7960 9203 11 to to IN 7960 9203 12 him -PRON- PRP 7960 9203 13 to to TO 7960 9203 14 preach preach VB 7960 9203 15 the the DT 7960 9203 16 Gospel Gospel NNP 7960 9203 17 , , , 7960 9203 18 as as IN 7960 9203 19 Christ Christ NNP 7960 9203 20 had have VBD 7960 9203 21 preached preach VBN 7960 9203 22 it -PRON- PRP 7960 9203 23 , , , 7960 9203 24 among among IN 7960 9203 25 the the DT 7960 9203 26 poor poor JJ 7960 9203 27 and and CC 7960 9203 28 lowly lowly JJ 7960 9203 29 . . . 7960 9204 1 The the DT 7960 9204 2 man man NN 7960 9204 3 's 's POS 7960 9204 4 earnestness earnestness NN 7960 9204 5 and and CC 7960 9204 6 charm charm NN 7960 9204 7 of of IN 7960 9204 8 manner manner NN 7960 9204 9 soon soon RB 7960 9204 10 drew draw VBD 7960 9204 11 about about IN 7960 9204 12 him -PRON- PRP 7960 9204 13 devoted devote VBN 7960 9204 14 followers follower NNS 7960 9204 15 . . . 7960 9205 1 After after IN 7960 9205 2 some some DT 7960 9205 3 years year NNS 7960 9205 4 St. St. NNP 7960 9205 5 Francis Francis NNP 7960 9205 6 went go VBD 7960 9205 7 to to IN 7960 9205 8 Rome Rome NNP 7960 9205 9 and and CC 7960 9205 10 obtained obtain VBD 7960 9205 11 Pope Pope NNP 7960 9205 12 Innocent Innocent NNP 7960 9205 13 III III NNP 7960 9205 14 's 's POS 7960 9205 15 sanction sanction NN 7960 9205 16 of of IN 7960 9205 17 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9205 18 work work NN 7960 9205 19 . . . 7960 9206 1 The the DT 7960 9206 2 Franciscan franciscan JJ 7960 9206 3 order order NN 7960 9206 4 spread spread VBD 7960 9206 5 so so RB 7960 9206 6 rapidly rapidly RB 7960 9206 7 that that IN 7960 9206 8 even even RB 7960 9206 9 in in IN 7960 9206 10 the the DT 7960 9206 11 founder founder NN 7960 9206 12 's 's POS 7960 9206 13 lifetime lifetime NN 7960 9206 14 there there EX 7960 9206 15 were be VBD 7960 9206 16 several several JJ 7960 9206 17 thousand thousand CD 7960 9206 18 members member NNS 7960 9206 19 in in IN 7960 9206 20 Italy Italy NNP 7960 9206 21 and and CC 7960 9206 22 other other JJ 7960 9206 23 European european JJ 7960 9206 24 countries country NNS 7960 9206 25 . . . 7960 9207 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 9207 2 Illustration illustration NN 7960 9207 3 : : : 7960 9207 4 ST ST NNP 7960 9207 5 . . . 7960 9207 6 FRANCIS FRANCIS NNP 7960 9207 7 BLESSING blessing NN 7960 9207 8 THE the DT 7960 9207 9 BIRDS bird NNS 7960 9207 10 From from IN 7960 9207 11 a a DT 7960 9207 12 painting painting NN 7960 9207 13 by by IN 7960 9207 14 the the DT 7960 9207 15 Italian italian JJ 7960 9207 16 artist artist NN 7960 9207 17 Giotto Giotto NNP 7960 9207 18 . . . 7960 9207 19 ] ] -RRB- 7960 9208 1 ST ST NNP 7960 9208 2 . . NNP 7960 9208 3 FRANCIS FRANCIS NNP 7960 9208 4 , , , 7960 9208 5 THE the DT 7960 9208 6 MAN MAN NNP 7960 9208 7 St. St. NNP 7960 9208 8 Francis Francis NNP 7960 9208 9 is be VBZ 7960 9208 10 one one CD 7960 9208 11 of of IN 7960 9208 12 the the DT 7960 9208 13 most most RBS 7960 9208 14 attractive attractive JJ 7960 9208 15 figures figure NNS 7960 9208 16 in in IN 7960 9208 17 all all DT 7960 9208 18 history history NN 7960 9208 19 . . . 7960 9209 1 Perhaps perhaps RB 7960 9209 2 no no DT 7960 9209 3 other other JJ 7960 9209 4 man man NN 7960 9209 5 has have VBZ 7960 9209 6 ever ever RB 7960 9209 7 tried try VBN 7960 9209 8 so so RB 7960 9209 9 seriously seriously RB 7960 9209 10 to to TO 7960 9209 11 imitate imitate VB 7960 9209 12 in in IN 7960 9209 13 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9209 14 own own JJ 7960 9209 15 life life NN 7960 9209 16 the the DT 7960 9209 17 life life NN 7960 9209 18 of of IN 7960 9209 19 Christ Christ NNP 7960 9209 20 . . . 7960 9210 1 St. St. NNP 7960 9210 2 Francis Francis NNP 7960 9210 3 went go VBD 7960 9210 4 about about IN 7960 9210 5 doing do VBG 7960 9210 6 good good NN 7960 9210 7 . . . 7960 9211 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 9211 2 resembled resemble VBD 7960 9211 3 , , , 7960 9211 4 in in IN 7960 9211 5 some some DT 7960 9211 6 respects respect NNS 7960 9211 7 , , , 7960 9211 8 the the DT 7960 9211 9 social social JJ 7960 9211 10 workers worker NNS 7960 9211 11 and and CC 7960 9211 12 revivalist revivalist JJ 7960 9211 13 preachers preacher NNS 7960 9211 14 of of IN 7960 9211 15 to to IN 7960 9211 16 - - HYPH 7960 9211 17 day day NN 7960 9211 18 . . . 7960 9212 1 In in IN 7960 9212 2 other other JJ 7960 9212 3 respects respect NNS 7960 9212 4 he -PRON- PRP 7960 9212 5 was be VBD 7960 9212 6 a a DT 7960 9212 7 true true JJ 7960 9212 8 child child NN 7960 9212 9 of of IN 7960 9212 10 the the DT 7960 9212 11 Middle Middle NNP 7960 9212 12 Ages Ages NNPS 7960 9212 13 . . . 7960 9213 1 An an DT 7960 9213 2 ascetic ascetic JJ 7960 9213 3 , , , 7960 9213 4 he -PRON- PRP 7960 9213 5 fasted fast VBD 7960 9213 6 , , , 7960 9213 7 wore wear VBD 7960 9213 8 a a DT 7960 9213 9 hair hair NN 7960 9213 10 - - HYPH 7960 9213 11 cloth cloth NN 7960 9213 12 shirt shirt NN 7960 9213 13 , , , 7960 9213 14 mixed mixed JJ 7960 9213 15 ashes ashe NNS 7960 9213 16 with with IN 7960 9213 17 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9213 18 food food NN 7960 9213 19 to to TO 7960 9213 20 make make VB 7960 9213 21 it -PRON- PRP 7960 9213 22 disagreeable disagreeable JJ 7960 9213 23 , , , 7960 9213 24 wept weep VBD 7960 9213 25 daily daily RB 7960 9213 26 , , , 7960 9213 27 so so IN 7960 9213 28 that that IN 7960 9213 29 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9213 30 eyesight eyesight NN 7960 9213 31 was be VBD 7960 9213 32 nearly nearly RB 7960 9213 33 destroyed destroy VBN 7960 9213 34 , , , 7960 9213 35 and and CC 7960 9213 36 every every DT 7960 9213 37 night night NN 7960 9213 38 flogged flog VBD 7960 9213 39 himself -PRON- PRP 7960 9213 40 with with IN 7960 9213 41 iron iron NN 7960 9213 42 chains chain NNS 7960 9213 43 . . . 7960 9214 1 A a DT 7960 9214 2 mystic mystic NN 7960 9214 3 , , , 7960 9214 4 he -PRON- PRP 7960 9214 5 lived live VBD 7960 9214 6 so so RB 7960 9214 7 close close RB 7960 9214 8 to to IN 7960 9214 9 God God NNP 7960 9214 10 and and CC 7960 9214 11 nature nature NN 7960 9214 12 that that WDT 7960 9214 13 he -PRON- PRP 7960 9214 14 could could MD 7960 9214 15 include include VB 7960 9214 16 within within IN 7960 9214 17 the the DT 7960 9214 18 bonds bond NNS 7960 9214 19 of of IN 7960 9214 20 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9214 21 love love NN 7960 9214 22 not not RB 7960 9214 23 only only RB 7960 9214 24 men man NNS 7960 9214 25 and and CC 7960 9214 26 women woman NNS 7960 9214 27 , , , 7960 9214 28 but but CC 7960 9214 29 also also RB 7960 9214 30 animals animal NNS 7960 9214 31 , , , 7960 9214 32 trees tree NNS 7960 9214 33 , , , 7960 9214 34 and and CC 7960 9214 35 flowers flower NNS 7960 9214 36 . . . 7960 9215 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 9215 2 preached preach VBD 7960 9215 3 a a DT 7960 9215 4 sermon sermon NN 7960 9215 5 to to IN 7960 9215 6 the the DT 7960 9215 7 birds bird NNS 7960 9215 8 and and CC 7960 9215 9 once once RB 7960 9215 10 wrote write VBD 7960 9215 11 a a DT 7960 9215 12 hymn hymn NN 7960 9215 13 to to TO 7960 9215 14 praise praise VB 7960 9215 15 God God NNP 7960 9215 16 for for IN 7960 9215 17 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9215 18 " " `` 7960 9215 19 brothers brother NNS 7960 9215 20 , , , 7960 9215 21 " " '' 7960 9215 22 sun sun NN 7960 9215 23 , , , 7960 9215 24 wind wind NN 7960 9215 25 , , , 7960 9215 26 and and CC 7960 9215 27 fire fire NN 7960 9215 28 , , , 7960 9215 29 and and CC 7960 9215 30 for for IN 7960 9215 31 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9215 32 " " `` 7960 9215 33 sisters sister NNS 7960 9215 34 , , , 7960 9215 35 " " '' 7960 9215 36 moon moon NN 7960 9215 37 , , , 7960 9215 38 water water NN 7960 9215 39 , , , 7960 9215 40 and and CC 7960 9215 41 earth earth NN 7960 9215 42 . . . 7960 9216 1 When when WRB 7960 9216 2 told tell VBD 7960 9216 3 that that IN 7960 9216 4 he -PRON- PRP 7960 9216 5 had have VBD 7960 9216 6 but but CC 7960 9216 7 a a DT 7960 9216 8 short short JJ 7960 9216 9 time time NN 7960 9216 10 to to TO 7960 9216 11 live live VB 7960 9216 12 , , , 7960 9216 13 he -PRON- PRP 7960 9216 14 exclaimed exclaim VBD 7960 9216 15 , , , 7960 9216 16 " " `` 7960 9216 17 Welcome welcome UH 7960 9216 18 , , , 7960 9216 19 Sister Sister NNP 7960 9216 20 Death Death NNP 7960 9216 21 ! ! . 7960 9216 22 " " '' 7960 9217 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 9217 2 died die VBD 7960 9217 3 at at IN 7960 9217 4 the the DT 7960 9217 5 age age NN 7960 9217 6 of of IN 7960 9217 7 forty forty CD 7960 9217 8 - 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A.D. NNP 7960 9219 9 St. St. NNP 7960 9219 10 Dominic Dominic NNP 7960 9219 11 , , , 7960 9219 12 unlike unlike IN 7960 9219 13 St. St. NNP 7960 9219 14 Francis Francis NNP 7960 9219 15 , , , 7960 9219 16 was be VBD 7960 9219 17 a a DT 7960 9219 18 clergyman clergyman NN 7960 9219 19 and and CC 7960 9219 20 a a DT 7960 9219 21 student student NN 7960 9219 22 of of IN 7960 9219 23 theology theology NN 7960 9219 24 . . . 7960 9220 1 After after IN 7960 9220 2 being be VBG 7960 9220 3 ordained ordain VBN 7960 9220 4 he -PRON- PRP 7960 9220 5 went go VBD 7960 9220 6 to to IN 7960 9220 7 southern southern JJ 7960 9220 8 France France NNP 7960 9220 9 and and CC 7960 9220 10 labored labor VBD 7960 9220 11 there there RB 7960 9220 12 for for IN 7960 9220 13 ten ten CD 7960 9220 14 years year NNS 7960 9220 15 among among IN 7960 9220 16 a a DT 7960 9220 17 heretical heretical JJ 7960 9220 18 sect sect NN 7960 9220 19 known know VBN 7960 9220 20 as as IN 7960 9220 21 the the DT 7960 9220 22 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18 to to TO 7960 9222 19 combat combat VB 7960 9222 20 heresy heresy NN 7960 9222 21 . . . 7960 9223 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 9223 2 met meet VBD 7960 9223 3 with with IN 7960 9223 4 great great JJ 7960 9223 5 success success NN 7960 9223 6 , , , 7960 9223 7 and and CC 7960 9223 8 at at IN 7960 9223 9 the the DT 7960 9223 10 founder founder NN 7960 9223 11 's 's POS 7960 9223 12 death death NN 7960 9223 13 the the DT 7960 9223 14 Dominicans Dominicans NNPS 7960 9223 15 had have VBD 7960 9223 16 as as RB 7960 9223 17 many many JJ 7960 9223 18 as as IN 7960 9223 19 sixty sixty CD 7960 9223 20 friaries friary NNS 7960 9223 21 in in IN 7960 9223 22 various various JJ 7960 9223 23 European european JJ 7960 9223 24 cities city NNS 7960 9223 25 . . . 7960 9224 1 CHARACTERISTICS characteristic NNS 7960 9224 2 OF of IN 7960 9224 3 THE the DT 7960 9224 4 FRIARS FRIARS NNP 7960 9224 5 The the DT 7960 9224 6 Franciscans Franciscans NNPS 7960 9224 7 and and CC 7960 9224 8 Dominicans Dominicans NNPS 7960 9224 9 resembled resemble VBD 7960 9224 10 each each DT 7960 9224 11 other other JJ 7960 9224 12 in in IN 7960 9224 13 many many JJ 7960 9224 14 ways way NNS 7960 9224 15 . . . 7960 9225 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 9225 2 were be VBD 7960 9225 3 " " `` 7960 9225 4 itinerant itinerant JJ 7960 9225 5 , , , 7960 9225 6 " " '' 7960 9225 7 going go VBG 7960 9225 8 on on IN 7960 9225 9 foot foot NN 7960 9225 10 from from IN 7960 9225 11 place place NN 7960 9225 12 to to IN 7960 9225 13 place place NN 7960 9225 14 , , , 7960 9225 15 and and CC 7960 9225 16 wearing wear VBG 7960 9225 17 coarse coarse JJ 7960 9225 18 robes robe NNS 7960 9225 19 tied tie VBN 7960 9225 20 round round IN 7960 9225 21 the the DT 7960 9225 22 waist waist NN 7960 9225 23 with with IN 7960 9225 24 a a DT 7960 9225 25 rope rope NN 7960 9225 26 . . . 7960 9226 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 9226 2 were be VBD 7960 9226 3 " " `` 7960 9226 4 mendicants mendicant NNS 7960 9226 5 , , , 7960 9226 6 " " '' 7960 9226 7 [ [ -LRB- 7960 9226 8 24 24 CD 7960 9226 9 ] ] -RRB- 7960 9226 10 who who WP 7960 9226 11 possessed possess VBD 7960 9226 12 no no DT 7960 9226 13 property property NN 7960 9226 14 but but CC 7960 9226 15 lived live VBD 7960 9226 16 on on IN 7960 9226 17 the the DT 7960 9226 18 alms alm NNS 7960 9226 19 of of IN 7960 9226 20 the the DT 7960 9226 21 charitable charitable JJ 7960 9226 22 . . . 7960 9227 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 9227 2 were be VBD 7960 9227 3 also also RB 7960 9227 4 preachers preacher NNS 7960 9227 5 , , , 7960 9227 6 who who WP 7960 9227 7 spoke speak VBD 7960 9227 8 to to IN 7960 9227 9 the the DT 7960 9227 10 people people NNS 7960 9227 11 , , , 7960 9227 12 not not RB 7960 9227 13 in in IN 7960 9227 14 Latin Latin NNP 7960 9227 15 , , , 7960 9227 16 but but CC 7960 9227 17 in in IN 7960 9227 18 the the DT 7960 9227 19 common common JJ 7960 9227 20 language language NN 7960 9227 21 of of IN 7960 9227 22 each each DT 7960 9227 23 country country NN 7960 9227 24 which which WDT 7960 9227 25 they -PRON- PRP 7960 9227 26 visited visit VBD 7960 9227 27 . . . 7960 9228 1 The the DT 7960 9228 2 Franciscans Franciscans NNPS 7960 9228 3 worked work VBD 7960 9228 4 especially especially RB 7960 9228 5 in in IN 7960 9228 6 the the DT 7960 9228 7 " " `` 7960 9228 8 slums slum NNS 7960 9228 9 " " '' 7960 9228 10 of of IN 7960 9228 11 the the DT 7960 9228 12 cities city NNS 7960 9228 13 ; ; : 7960 9228 14 the the DT 7960 9228 15 Dominicans Dominicans NNPS 7960 9228 16 addressed address VBD 7960 9228 17 themselves -PRON- PRP 7960 9228 18 rather rather RB 7960 9228 19 to to IN 7960 9228 20 educated educate VBN 7960 9228 21 people people NNS 7960 9228 22 and and CC 7960 9228 23 the the DT 7960 9228 24 upper upper JJ 7960 9228 25 classes class NNS 7960 9228 26 . . . 7960 9229 1 As as IN 7960 9229 2 time time NN 7960 9229 3 went go VBD 7960 9229 4 on on RP 7960 9229 5 , , , 7960 9229 6 both both DT 7960 9229 7 orders order NNS 7960 9229 8 relaxed relax VBD 7960 9229 9 the the DT 7960 9229 10 rule rule NN 7960 9229 11 of of IN 7960 9229 12 poverty poverty NN 7960 9229 13 and and CC 7960 9229 14 became become VBD 7960 9229 15 very very RB 7960 9229 16 wealthy wealthy JJ 7960 9229 17 . . . 7960 9230 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 9230 2 still still RB 7960 9230 3 survive survive VBP 7960 9230 4 , , , 7960 9230 5 scattered scatter VBN 7960 9230 6 all all RB 7960 9230 7 over over IN 7960 9230 8 the the DT 7960 9230 9 world world NN 7960 9230 10 and and CC 7960 9230 11 employed employ VBN 7960 9230 12 in in IN 7960 9230 13 teaching teaching NN 7960 9230 14 and and CC 7960 9230 15 missionary missionary JJ 7960 9230 16 activity activity NN 7960 9230 17 . . . 7960 9231 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 9231 2 25 25 CD 7960 9231 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 9231 4 THE the DT 7960 9231 5 FRIARS FRIARS NNP 7960 9231 6 AND and CC 7960 9231 7 THE the DT 7960 9231 8 PAPACY papacy NN 7960 9231 9 The the DT 7960 9231 10 friars friar NNS 7960 9231 11 by by IN 7960 9231 12 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9231 13 preaching preaching NN 7960 9231 14 and and CC 7960 9231 15 ministrations ministration NNS 7960 9231 16 did do VBD 7960 9231 17 a a DT 7960 9231 18 great great JJ 7960 9231 19 deal deal NN 7960 9231 20 to to TO 7960 9231 21 call call VB 7960 9231 22 forth forth RP 7960 9231 23 a a DT 7960 9231 24 religious religious JJ 7960 9231 25 revival revival NN 7960 9231 26 in in IN 7960 9231 27 Europe Europe NNP 7960 9231 28 during during IN 7960 9231 29 the the DT 7960 9231 30 thirteenth thirteenth JJ 7960 9231 31 century century NN 7960 9231 32 . . . 7960 9232 1 In in IN 7960 9232 2 particular particular JJ 7960 9232 3 they -PRON- PRP 7960 9232 4 helped help VBD 7960 9232 5 to to TO 7960 9232 6 strengthen strengthen VB 7960 9232 7 the the DT 7960 9232 8 papal papal NNP 7960 9232 9 authority authority NNP 7960 9232 10 . . . 7960 9233 1 Both both DT 7960 9233 2 orders order NNS 7960 9233 3 received receive VBD 7960 9233 4 the the DT 7960 9233 5 sanction sanction NN 7960 9233 6 of of IN 7960 9233 7 the the DT 7960 9233 8 pope pope NN 7960 9233 9 ; ; : 7960 9233 10 both both DT 7960 9233 11 enjoyed enjoy VBD 7960 9233 12 many many JJ 7960 9233 13 privileges privilege NNS 7960 9233 14 at at IN 7960 9233 15 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9233 16 hands hand NNS 7960 9233 17 ; ; : 7960 9233 18 and and CC 7960 9233 19 both both DT 7960 9233 20 looked look VBD 7960 9233 21 to to IN 7960 9233 22 him -PRON- PRP 7960 9233 23 for for IN 7960 9233 24 direction direction NN 7960 9233 25 . . . 7960 9234 1 The the DT 7960 9234 2 pope pope NN 7960 9234 3 employed employ VBD 7960 9234 4 them -PRON- PRP 7960 9234 5 to to TO 7960 9234 6 raise raise VB 7960 9234 7 money money NN 7960 9234 8 , , , 7960 9234 9 to to TO 7960 9234 10 preach preach VB 7960 9234 11 crusades crusade NNS 7960 9234 12 , , , 7960 9234 13 and and CC 7960 9234 14 to to TO 7960 9234 15 impose impose VB 7960 9234 16 excommunications excommunication NNS 7960 9234 17 and and CC 7960 9234 18 interdicts interdict NNS 7960 9234 19 . . . 7960 9235 1 The the DT 7960 9235 2 Franciscans Franciscans NNPS 7960 9235 3 and and CC 7960 9235 4 Dominicans Dominicans NNPS 7960 9235 5 formed form VBD 7960 9235 6 , , , 7960 9235 7 in in IN 7960 9235 8 fact fact NN 7960 9235 9 , , , 7960 9235 10 the the DT 7960 9235 11 agents agent NNS 7960 9235 12 of of IN 7960 9235 13 the the DT 7960 9235 14 Papacy Papacy NNP 7960 9235 15 . . . 7960 9236 1 165 165 CD 7960 9236 2 . . . 7960 9237 1 POWER power NN 7960 9237 2 OF of IN 7960 9237 3 THE the DT 7960 9237 4 PAPACY papacy NN 7960 9237 5 THE the DT 7960 9237 6 POPE POPE NNP 7960 9237 7 'S 's POS 7960 9237 8 EXALTED exalted JJ 7960 9237 9 POSITION position NN 7960 9237 10 The the DT 7960 9237 11 name name NN 7960 9237 12 " " `` 7960 9237 13 pope pope NN 7960 9237 14 " " '' 7960 9237 15 [ [ -LRB- 7960 9237 16 26 26 CD 7960 9237 17 ] ] -RRB- 7960 9237 18 seems seem VBZ 7960 9237 19 at at IN 7960 9237 20 first first RB 7960 9237 21 to to TO 7960 9237 22 have have VB 7960 9237 23 been be VBN 7960 9237 24 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9254 5 pope pope NN 7960 9254 6 in in IN 7960 9254 7 close close JJ 7960 9254 8 touch touch NN 7960 9254 9 with with IN 7960 9254 10 the the DT 7960 9254 11 condition condition NN 7960 9254 12 of of IN 7960 9254 13 the the DT 7960 9254 14 Church Church NNP 7960 9254 15 in in IN 7960 9254 16 every every DT 7960 9254 17 part part NN 7960 9254 18 of of IN 7960 9254 19 western western JJ 7960 9254 20 Europe Europe NNP 7960 9254 21 . . . 7960 9255 1 A a DT 7960 9255 2 similar similar JJ 7960 9255 3 function function NN 7960 9255 4 is be VBZ 7960 9255 5 performed perform VBN 7960 9255 6 in in IN 7960 9255 7 modern modern JJ 7960 9255 8 times time NNS 7960 9255 9 by by IN 7960 9255 10 the the DT 7960 9255 11 papal papal JJ 7960 9255 12 ambassadors ambassador NNS 7960 9255 13 known know VBN 7960 9255 14 as as IN 7960 9255 15 " " `` 7960 9255 16 nuncios nuncio NNS 7960 9255 17 . . . 7960 9255 18 " " '' 7960 9256 1 THE the DT 7960 9256 2 CARDINALS cardinal NNS 7960 9256 3 For for IN 7960 9256 4 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temporal temporal JJ 7960 9309 26 rulers ruler NNS 7960 9309 27 , , , 7960 9309 28 were be VBD 7960 9309 29 servants servant NNS 7960 9309 30 of of IN 7960 9309 31 both both CC 7960 9309 32 the the DT 7960 9309 33 Church Church NNP 7960 9309 34 and and CC 7960 9309 35 the the DT 7960 9309 36 State State NNP 7960 9309 37 . . . 7960 9310 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 9310 2 found find VBD 7960 9310 3 it -PRON- PRP 7960 9310 4 very very RB 7960 9310 5 difficult difficult JJ 7960 9310 6 to to TO 7960 9310 7 serve serve VB 7960 9310 8 two two CD 7960 9310 9 masters master NNS 7960 9310 10 . . . 7960 9311 1 PONTIFICATE PONTIFICATE NNP 7960 9311 2 OF of IN 7960 9311 3 GREGORY GREGORY NNP 7960 9311 4 VII VII NNP 7960 9311 5 , , , 7960 9311 6 1073 1073 CD 7960 9311 7 - - SYM 7960 9311 8 1085 1085 CD 7960 9311 9 A.D. 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7960 9315 16 voice voice NN 7960 9315 17 , , , 7960 9315 18 but but CC 7960 9315 19 energetic energetic JJ 7960 9315 20 , , , 7960 9315 21 forceful forceful JJ 7960 9315 22 , , , 7960 9315 23 and and CC 7960 9315 24 of of IN 7960 9315 25 imperious imperious JJ 7960 9315 26 will will NN 7960 9315 27 . . . 7960 9316 1 GREGORY GREGORY NNP 7960 9316 2 'S 's POS 7960 9316 3 AIMS AIMS NNP 7960 9316 4 Gregory Gregory NNP 7960 9316 5 devoted devote VBD 7960 9316 6 all all PDT 7960 9316 7 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9316 8 talents talent NNS 7960 9316 9 to to IN 7960 9316 10 the the DT 7960 9316 11 advancement advancement NN 7960 9316 12 of of IN 7960 9316 13 the the DT 7960 9316 14 Papacy Papacy NNP 7960 9316 15 . . . 7960 9317 1 A a DT 7960 9317 2 contemporary contemporary JJ 7960 9317 3 document document NN 7960 9317 4 , , , 7960 9317 5 [ [ -LRB- 7960 9317 6 36 36 CD 7960 9317 7 ] ] -RRB- 7960 9317 8 which which WDT 7960 9317 9 may may MD 7960 9317 10 have have VB 7960 9317 11 been be VBN 7960 9317 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NNP 7960 9344 6 the the DT 7960 9344 7 opposing oppose VBG 7960 9344 8 parties party NNS 7960 9344 9 agreed agree VBD 7960 9344 10 to to IN 7960 9344 11 what what WP 7960 9344 12 is be VBZ 7960 9344 13 known know VBN 7960 9344 14 as as IN 7960 9344 15 the the DT 7960 9344 16 Concordat Concordat NNP 7960 9344 17 of of IN 7960 9344 18 Worms Worms NNPS 7960 9344 19 , , , 7960 9344 20 from from IN 7960 9344 21 the the DT 7960 9344 22 old old JJ 7960 9344 23 German german JJ 7960 9344 24 city city NN 7960 9344 25 where where WRB 7960 9344 26 it -PRON- PRP 7960 9344 27 was be VBD 7960 9344 28 signed sign VBN 7960 9344 29 . . . 7960 9345 1 TERMS term NNS 7960 9345 2 OF of IN 7960 9345 3 THE the DT 7960 9345 4 CONCORDAT concordat NN 7960 9345 5 The the DT 7960 9345 6 concordat concordat NN 7960 9345 7 drew draw VBD 7960 9345 8 a a DT 7960 9345 9 distinction distinction NN 7960 9345 10 between between IN 7960 9345 11 spiritual spiritual JJ 7960 9345 12 and and CC 7960 9345 13 lay lie VBD 7960 9345 14 investiture investiture JJ 7960 9345 15 . . . 7960 9346 1 The the DT 7960 9346 2 emperor emperor NN 7960 9346 3 renounced renounce VBD 7960 9346 4 investiture investiture NN 7960 9346 5 by by IN 7960 9346 6 the the DT 7960 9346 7 ring ring NN 7960 9346 8 and and CC 7960 9346 9 crosier crosi JJR 7960 9346 10 -- -- : 7960 9346 11 the the DT 7960 9346 12 emblems emblem NNS 7960 9346 13 of of IN 7960 9346 14 spiritual spiritual JJ 7960 9346 15 authority authority NN 7960 9346 16 -- -- : 7960 9346 17 and and CC 7960 9346 18 permitted permit VBN 7960 9346 19 bishops bishop NNS 7960 9346 20 and and CC 7960 9346 21 abbots abbot NNS 7960 9346 22 to to TO 7960 9346 23 be be VB 7960 9346 24 elected elect VBN 7960 9346 25 by by IN 7960 9346 26 the the DT 7960 9346 27 clergy clergy NN 7960 9346 28 and and CC 7960 9346 29 confirmed confirm VBD 7960 9346 30 in in IN 7960 9346 31 office office NN 7960 9346 32 by by IN 7960 9346 33 the the DT 7960 9346 34 pope pope NNP 7960 9346 35 . . . 7960 9347 1 On on IN 7960 9347 2 the the DT 7960 9347 3 other other JJ 7960 9347 4 hand hand NN 7960 9347 5 the the DT 7960 9347 6 pope pope NN 7960 9347 7 recognized recognize VBD 7960 9347 8 the the DT 7960 9347 9 emperor emperor NN 7960 9347 10 's 's POS 7960 9347 11 right right NN 7960 9347 12 to to TO 7960 9347 13 be be VB 7960 9347 14 present present JJ 7960 9347 15 at at IN 7960 9347 16 all all DT 7960 9347 17 elections election NNS 7960 9347 18 and and CC 7960 9347 19 to to TO 7960 9347 20 invest invest VB 7960 9347 21 bishops bishop NNS 7960 9347 22 and and CC 7960 9347 23 abbots abbot NNS 7960 9347 24 by by IN 7960 9347 25 the the DT 7960 9347 26 scepter scepter NN 7960 9347 27 for for IN 7960 9347 28 whatever whatever WDT 7960 9347 29 lands land NNS 7960 9347 30 they -PRON- PRP 7960 9347 31 held hold VBD 7960 9347 32 within within IN 7960 9347 33 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9347 34 domains domain NNS 7960 9347 35 . . . 7960 9348 1 This this DT 7960 9348 2 reasonable reasonable JJ 7960 9348 3 compromise compromise NN 7960 9348 4 worked work VBD 7960 9348 5 well well RB 7960 9348 6 for for IN 7960 9348 7 a a DT 7960 9348 8 time time NN 7960 9348 9 . . . 7960 9349 1 But but CC 7960 9349 2 it -PRON- PRP 7960 9349 3 was be VBD 7960 9349 4 a a DT 7960 9349 5 truce truce NN 7960 9349 6 , , , 7960 9349 7 not not RB 7960 9349 8 a a DT 7960 9349 9 peace peace NN 7960 9349 10 . . . 7960 9350 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 9350 2 did do VBD 7960 9350 3 not not RB 7960 9350 4 settle settle VB 7960 9350 5 the the DT 7960 9350 6 more more RBR 7960 9350 7 fundamental fundamental JJ 7960 9350 8 issue issue NN 7960 9350 9 , , , 7960 9350 10 whether whether IN 7960 9350 11 the the DT 7960 9350 12 Papacy Papacy NNP 7960 9350 13 or or CC 7960 9350 14 the the DT 7960 9350 15 Holy Holy NNP 7960 9350 16 Roman Roman NNP 7960 9350 17 Empire Empire NNP 7960 9350 18 should should MD 7960 9350 19 be be VB 7960 9350 20 supreme supreme NNP 7960 9350 21 . . . 7960 9351 1 167 167 CD 7960 9351 2 . . . 7960 9352 1 POPES POPES NNP 7960 9352 2 AND and CC 7960 9352 3 EMPERORS EMPERORS NNP 7960 9352 4 , , , 7960 9352 5 1122 1122 CD 7960 9352 6 - - SYM 7960 9352 7 1273 1273 CD 7960 9352 8 A.D. 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NNP 7960 9352 9 FREDERICK FREDERICK NNP 7960 9352 10 I -PRON- PRP 7960 9352 11 , , , 7960 9352 12 EMPEROR EMPEROR NNP 7960 9352 13 , , , 7960 9352 14 1152 1152 CD 7960 9352 15 - - SYM 7960 9352 16 1190 1190 CD 7960 9352 17 Thirty thirty CD 7960 9352 18 years year NNS 7960 9352 19 after after IN 7960 9352 20 the the DT 7960 9352 21 signing signing NN 7960 9352 22 of of IN 7960 9352 23 the the DT 7960 9352 24 Concordat Concordat NNP 7960 9352 25 of of IN 7960 9352 26 Worms Worms NNPS 7960 9352 27 the the DT 7960 9352 28 emperor emperor NN 7960 9352 29 Frederick Frederick NNP 7960 9352 30 I -PRON- PRP 7960 9352 31 , , , 7960 9352 32 called call VBD 7960 9352 33 Barbarossa Barbarossa NNP 7960 9352 34 from from IN 7960 9352 35 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9352 36 red red JJ 7960 9352 37 beard beard NN 7960 9352 38 , , , 7960 9352 39 succeeded succeed VBD 7960 9352 40 to to IN 7960 9352 41 the the DT 7960 9352 42 throne throne NN 7960 9352 43 . . . 7960 9353 1 Frederick Frederick NNP 7960 9353 2 , , , 7960 9353 3 the the DT 7960 9353 4 second second JJ 7960 9353 5 emperor emperor NN 7960 9353 6 , , , 7960 9353 7 of of IN 7960 9353 8 the the DT 7960 9353 9 Hohenstaufen Hohenstaufen NNP 7960 9353 10 dynasty dynasty NN 7960 9353 11 [ [ -LRB- 7960 9353 12 37 37 CD 7960 9353 13 ] ] -RRB- 7960 9353 14 was be VBD 7960 9353 15 capable capable JJ 7960 9353 16 , , , 7960 9353 17 imaginative imaginative JJ 7960 9353 18 , , , 7960 9353 19 and and CC 7960 9353 20 ambitious ambitious JJ 7960 9353 21 . . . 7960 9354 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 9354 2 took take VBD 7960 9354 3 Charlemagne Charlemagne NNP 7960 9354 4 and and CC 7960 9354 5 Otto Otto NNP 7960 9354 6 the the DT 7960 9354 7 Great Great NNP 7960 9354 8 as as IN 7960 9354 9 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9354 10 models model NNS 7960 9354 11 and and CC 7960 9354 12 aspired aspire VBD 7960 9354 13 like like IN 7960 9354 14 them -PRON- PRP 7960 9354 15 to to TO 7960 9354 16 rule rule VB 7960 9354 17 Christian Christian NNP 7960 9354 18 Europe Europe NNP 7960 9354 19 and and CC 7960 9354 20 the the DT 7960 9354 21 Church Church NNP 7960 9354 22 . . . 7960 9355 1 His -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9355 2 reign reign NN 7960 9355 3 is be VBZ 7960 9355 4 the the DT 7960 9355 5 story story NN 7960 9355 6 of of IN 7960 9355 7 many many JJ 7960 9355 8 attempts attempt NNS 7960 9355 9 , , , 7960 9355 10 ending end VBG 7960 9355 11 at at IN 7960 9355 12 length length NN 7960 9355 13 in in IN 7960 9355 14 failure failure NN 7960 9355 15 , , , 7960 9355 16 to to TO 7960 9355 17 unite unite VB 7960 9355 18 all all DT 7960 9355 19 Italy Italy NNP 7960 9355 20 into into IN 7960 9355 21 a a DT 7960 9355 22 single single JJ 7960 9355 23 state state NN 7960 9355 24 under under IN 7960 9355 25 German german JJ 7960 9355 26 sway sway NN 7960 9355 27 . . . 7960 9356 1 FREDERICK FREDERICK NNP 7960 9356 2 AND and CC 7960 9356 3 THE the DT 7960 9356 4 PAPACY papacy NN 7960 9356 5 Frederick Frederick NNP 7960 9356 6 's 's POS 7960 9356 7 Italian italian JJ 7960 9356 8 policy policy NN 7960 9356 9 brought bring VBD 7960 9356 10 him -PRON- PRP 7960 9356 11 at at IN 7960 9356 12 once once RB 7960 9356 13 into into IN 7960 9356 14 conflict conflict NN 7960 9356 15 with with IN 7960 9356 16 two two CD 7960 9356 17 powerful powerful JJ 7960 9356 18 enemies enemy NNS 7960 9356 19 . . . 7960 9357 1 The the DT 7960 9357 2 popes pope NNS 7960 9357 3 , , , 7960 9357 4 who who WP 7960 9357 5 feared fear VBD 7960 9357 6 that that IN 7960 9357 7 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9357 8 success success NN 7960 9357 9 would would MD 7960 9357 10 imperil imperil VB 7960 9357 11 the the DT 7960 9357 12 independence independence NN 7960 9357 13 of of IN 7960 9357 14 the the DT 7960 9357 15 Papacy Papacy NNP 7960 9357 16 , , , 7960 9357 17 opposed oppose VBD 7960 9357 18 him -PRON- PRP 7960 9357 19 at at IN 7960 9357 20 every every DT 7960 9357 21 step step NN 7960 9357 22 . . . 7960 9358 1 The the DT 7960 9358 2 great great JJ 7960 9358 3 cities city NNS 7960 9358 4 of of IN 7960 9358 5 northern northern JJ 7960 9358 6 Italy Italy NNP 7960 9358 7 , , , 7960 9358 8 which which WDT 7960 9358 9 were be VBD 7960 9358 10 also also RB 7960 9358 11 threatened threaten VBN 7960 9358 12 by by IN 7960 9358 13 Frederick Frederick NNP 7960 9358 14 's 's POS 7960 9358 15 soaring soar VBG 7960 9358 16 schemes scheme NNS 7960 9358 17 , , , 7960 9358 18 united unite VBN 7960 9358 19 in in IN 7960 9358 20 the the DT 7960 9358 21 Lombard Lombard NNP 7960 9358 22 League League NNP 7960 9358 23 to to TO 7960 9358 24 defend defend VB 7960 9358 25 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9358 26 freedom freedom NN 7960 9358 27 . . . 7960 9359 1 The the DT 7960 9359 2 popes pope NNS 7960 9359 3 gave give VBD 7960 9359 4 the the DT 7960 9359 5 league league NN 7960 9359 6 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9359 7 support support NN 7960 9359 8 , , , 7960 9359 9 and and CC 7960 9359 10 in in IN 7960 9359 11 1176 1176 CD 7960 9359 12 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 9359 13 Frederick Frederick NNP 7960 9359 14 was be VBD 7960 9359 15 badly badly RB 7960 9359 16 beaten beat VBN 7960 9359 17 at at IN 7960 9359 18 the the DT 7960 9359 19 battle battle NN 7960 9359 20 of of IN 7960 9359 21 Legnano Legnano NNP 7960 9359 22 . . . 7960 9360 1 The the DT 7960 9360 2 haughty haughty JJ 7960 9360 3 emperor emperor NN 7960 9360 4 confessed confess VBD 7960 9360 5 himself -PRON- PRP 7960 9360 6 conquered conquer VBD 7960 9360 7 , , , 7960 9360 8 and and CC 7960 9360 9 sought seek VBD 7960 9360 10 reconciliation reconciliation NN 7960 9360 11 with with IN 7960 9360 12 the the DT 7960 9360 13 pope pope NN 7960 9360 14 , , , 7960 9360 15 Alexander Alexander NNP 7960 9360 16 III III NNP 7960 9360 17 . . . 7960 9361 1 In in IN 7960 9361 2 the the DT 7960 9361 3 presence presence NN 7960 9361 4 of of IN 7960 9361 5 a a DT 7960 9361 6 vast vast JJ 7960 9361 7 throng throng NN 7960 9361 8 assembled assemble VBN 7960 9361 9 before before IN 7960 9361 10 St. St. NNP 7960 9361 11 Mark Mark NNP 7960 9361 12 's 's POS 7960 9361 13 Cathedral Cathedral NNP 7960 9361 14 in in IN 7960 9361 15 Venice Venice NNP 7960 9361 16 , , , 7960 9361 17 Frederick Frederick NNP 7960 9361 18 knelt knelt NNS 7960 9361 19 before before IN 7960 9361 20 the the DT 7960 9361 21 pope pope NNP 7960 9361 22 and and CC 7960 9361 23 humbly humbly RB 7960 9361 24 kissed kiss VBD 7960 9361 25 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9361 26 feet foot NNS 7960 9361 27 . . . 7960 9362 1 Just just RB 7960 9362 2 a a DT 7960 9362 3 century century NN 7960 9362 4 had have VBD 7960 9362 5 passed pass VBN 7960 9362 6 since since IN 7960 9362 7 the the DT 7960 9362 8 humiliation humiliation NN 7960 9362 9 of of IN 7960 9362 10 Henry Henry NNP 7960 9362 11 IV IV NNP 7960 9362 12 at at IN 7960 9362 13 Canossa Canossa NNP 7960 9362 14 . . . 7960 9363 1 PONTIFICATE pontificate NN 7960 9363 2 OF of IN 7960 9363 3 INNOCENT INNOCENT NNP 7960 9363 4 III iii CD 7960 9363 5 , , , 7960 9363 6 1198 1198 CD 7960 9363 7 - - SYM 7960 9363 8 1216 1216 CD 7960 9363 9 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 9364 1 The the DT 7960 9364 2 Papacy Papacy NNP 7960 9364 3 reached reach VBD 7960 9364 4 the the DT 7960 9364 5 height height NN 7960 9364 6 of of IN 7960 9364 7 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9364 8 power power NN 7960 9364 9 under under IN 7960 9364 10 Innocent Innocent NNP 7960 9364 11 III III NNP 7960 9364 12 . . . 7960 9365 1 The the DT 7960 9365 2 eighteen eighteen CD 7960 9365 3 years year NNS 7960 9365 4 of of IN 7960 9365 5 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9365 6 pontificate pontificate NN 7960 9365 7 were be VBD 7960 9365 8 one one CD 7960 9365 9 long long JJ 7960 9365 10 effort effort NN 7960 9365 11 , , , 7960 9365 12 for for IN 7960 9365 13 the the DT 7960 9365 14 most most JJS 7960 9365 15 part part NN 7960 9365 16 successful successful JJ 7960 9365 17 , , , 7960 9365 18 to to TO 7960 9365 19 make make VB 7960 9365 20 the the DT 7960 9365 21 pope pope NN 7960 9365 22 the the DT 7960 9365 23 arbiter arbiter NN 7960 9365 24 of of IN 7960 9365 25 Europe Europe NNP 7960 9365 26 . . . 7960 9366 1 Innocent Innocent NNP 7960 9366 2 announced announce VBD 7960 9366 3 the the DT 7960 9366 4 claims claim NNS 7960 9366 5 of of IN 7960 9366 6 the the DT 7960 9366 7 Papacy Papacy NNP 7960 9366 8 in in IN 7960 9366 9 the the DT 7960 9366 10 most most RBS 7960 9366 11 uncompromising uncompromising JJ 7960 9366 12 manner manner NN 7960 9366 13 . . . 7960 9367 1 " " `` 7960 9367 2 As as IN 7960 9367 3 the the DT 7960 9367 4 moon moon NN 7960 9367 5 , , , 7960 9367 6 " " '' 7960 9367 7 he -PRON- PRP 7960 9367 8 declared declare VBD 7960 9367 9 , , , 7960 9367 10 " " '' 7960 9367 11 receives receive VBZ 7960 9367 12 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9367 13 light light NN 7960 9367 14 from from IN 7960 9367 15 the the DT 7960 9367 16 sun sun NN 7960 9367 17 , , , 7960 9367 18 and and CC 7960 9367 19 is be VBZ 7960 9367 20 inferior inferior JJ 7960 9367 21 to to IN 7960 9367 22 the the DT 7960 9367 23 sun sun NN 7960 9367 24 , , , 7960 9367 25 so so RB 7960 9367 26 do do VB 7960 9367 27 kings king NNS 7960 9367 28 receive receive VB 7960 9367 29 all all DT 7960 9367 30 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9367 31 glory glory NN 7960 9367 32 and and CC 7960 9367 33 dignity dignity NN 7960 9367 34 from from IN 7960 9367 35 the the DT 7960 9367 36 Holy Holy NNP 7960 9367 37 See See NNP 7960 9367 38 . . . 7960 9367 39 " " '' 7960 9368 1 This this DT 7960 9368 2 meant mean VBD 7960 9368 3 , , , 7960 9368 4 according accord VBG 7960 9368 5 to to IN 7960 9368 6 Innocent Innocent NNP 7960 9368 7 , , , 7960 9368 8 that that IN 7960 9368 9 the the DT 7960 9368 10 pope pope NNP 7960 9368 11 has have VBZ 7960 9368 12 the the DT 7960 9368 13 right right NN 7960 9368 14 to to TO 7960 9368 15 interfere interfere VB 7960 9368 16 in in IN 7960 9368 17 all all DT 7960 9368 18 secular secular JJ 7960 9368 19 matters matter NNS 7960 9368 20 and and CC 7960 9368 21 in in IN 7960 9368 22 the the DT 7960 9368 23 quarrels quarrel NNS 7960 9368 24 of of IN 7960 9368 25 rulers ruler NNS 7960 9368 26 . . . 7960 9369 1 " " `` 7960 9369 2 God God NNP 7960 9369 3 , , , 7960 9369 4 " " '' 7960 9369 5 he -PRON- PRP 7960 9369 6 continued continue VBD 7960 9369 7 , , , 7960 9369 8 " " `` 7960 9369 9 has have VBZ 7960 9369 10 set set VBN 7960 9369 11 the the DT 7960 9369 12 Prince Prince NNP 7960 9369 13 of of IN 7960 9369 14 the the DT 7960 9369 15 Apostles Apostles NNPS 7960 9369 16 over over IN 7960 9369 17 kings king NNS 7960 9369 18 and and CC 7960 9369 19 kingdoms kingdom NNS 7960 9369 20 , , , 7960 9369 21 with with IN 7960 9369 22 a a DT 7960 9369 23 mission mission NN 7960 9369 24 to to TO 7960 9369 25 tear tear VB 7960 9369 26 up up RP 7960 9369 27 , , , 7960 9369 28 plant plant NN 7960 9369 29 , , , 7960 9369 30 destroy destroy VB 7960 9369 31 , , , 7960 9369 32 scatter scatter NN 7960 9369 33 , , , 7960 9369 34 and and CC 7960 9369 35 rebuild rebuild VB 7960 9369 36 . . . 7960 9369 37 " " '' 7960 9370 1 INNOCENT innocent IN 7960 9370 2 AND and CC 7960 9370 3 KING king NN 7960 9370 4 PHILIP PHILIP NNP 7960 9370 5 OF of IN 7960 9370 6 FRANCE FRANCE NNP 7960 9370 7 That that WDT 7960 9370 8 Innocent Innocent NNP 7960 9370 9 's 's POS 7960 9370 10 claims claim NNS 7960 9370 11 were be VBD 7960 9370 12 not not RB 7960 9370 13 idle idle JJ 7960 9370 14 boasts boast NNS 7960 9370 15 is be VBZ 7960 9370 16 shown show VBN 7960 9370 17 by by IN 7960 9370 18 what what WP 7960 9370 19 he -PRON- PRP 7960 9370 20 accomplished accomplish VBD 7960 9370 21 . . . 7960 9371 1 When when WRB 7960 9371 2 Philip Philip NNP 7960 9371 3 Augustus Augustus NNP 7960 9371 4 , , , 7960 9371 5 king king NN 7960 9371 6 of of IN 7960 9371 7 France France NNP 7960 9371 8 , , , 7960 9371 9 divorced divorce VBD 7960 9371 10 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9371 11 wife wife NN 7960 9371 12 and and CC 7960 9371 13 made make VBD 7960 9371 14 another another DT 7960 9371 15 marriage marriage NN 7960 9371 16 , , , 7960 9371 17 Innocent Innocent NNP 7960 9371 18 declared declare VBD 7960 9371 19 the the DT 7960 9371 20 divorce divorce NN 7960 9371 21 void void NN 7960 9371 22 and and CC 7960 9371 23 ordered order VBD 7960 9371 24 him -PRON- PRP 7960 9371 25 to to TO 7960 9371 26 take take VB 7960 9371 27 back back RB 7960 9371 28 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9371 29 discarded discard VBN 7960 9371 30 queen queen NN 7960 9371 31 . . . 7960 9372 1 Philip Philip NNP 7960 9372 2 refused refuse VBD 7960 9372 3 , , , 7960 9372 4 and and CC 7960 9372 5 Innocent innocent JJ 7960 9372 6 , , , 7960 9372 7 through through IN 7960 9372 8 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9372 9 legate legate NN 7960 9372 10 , , , 7960 9372 11 put put VBD 7960 9372 12 France France NNP 7960 9372 13 under under IN 7960 9372 14 an an DT 7960 9372 15 interdict interdict NN 7960 9372 16 . . . 7960 9373 1 From from IN 7960 9373 2 that that DT 7960 9373 3 hour hour NN 7960 9373 4 all all DT 7960 9373 5 religious religious JJ 7960 9373 6 rites rite NNS 7960 9373 7 ceased cease VBD 7960 9373 8 . . . 7960 9374 1 The the DT 7960 9374 2 church church NN 7960 9374 3 doors door NNS 7960 9374 4 were be VBD 7960 9374 5 barred bar VBN 7960 9374 6 ; ; : 7960 9374 7 the the DT 7960 9374 8 church church NN 7960 9374 9 bells bell NNS 7960 9374 10 were be VBD 7960 9374 11 silent silent JJ 7960 9374 12 , , , 7960 9374 13 the the DT 7960 9374 14 sick sick NN 7960 9374 15 died die VBD 7960 9374 16 unshriven unshriven RB 7960 9374 17 , , , 7960 9374 18 the the DT 7960 9374 19 dead dead JJ 7960 9374 20 lay lie VBD 7960 9374 21 unburied unburied JJ 7960 9374 22 . . . 7960 9375 1 Philip Philip NNP 7960 9375 2 , , , 7960 9375 3 deserted desert VBN 7960 9375 4 by by IN 7960 9375 5 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9375 6 retainers retainer NNS 7960 9375 7 , , , 7960 9375 8 was be VBD 7960 9375 9 compelled compel VBN 7960 9375 10 to to TO 7960 9375 11 submit submit VB 7960 9375 12 . . . 7960 9376 1 INNOCENT innocent IN 7960 9376 2 AND and CC 7960 9376 3 KING king NN 7960 9376 4 JOHN JOHN NNP 7960 9376 5 OF of IN 7960 9376 6 ENGLAND ENGLAND NNP 7960 9376 7 On on IN 7960 9376 8 another another DT 7960 9376 9 occasion occasion NN 7960 9376 10 Innocent Innocent NNP 7960 9376 11 ordered order VBD 7960 9376 12 John John NNP 7960 9376 13 , , , 7960 9376 14 the the DT 7960 9376 15 English english JJ 7960 9376 16 king king NN 7960 9376 17 , , , 7960 9376 18 to to TO 7960 9376 19 accept accept VB 7960 9376 20 as as IN 7960 9376 21 archbishop archbishop NN 7960 9376 22 of of IN 7960 9376 23 Canterbury Canterbury NNP 7960 9376 24 a a DT 7960 9376 25 man man NN 7960 9376 26 of of IN 7960 9376 27 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9376 28 own own JJ 7960 9376 29 choosing choosing NN 7960 9376 30 . . . 7960 9377 1 When when WRB 7960 9377 2 John John NNP 7960 9377 3 declared declare VBD 7960 9377 4 that that IN 7960 9377 5 he -PRON- PRP 7960 9377 6 would would MD 7960 9377 7 never never RB 7960 9377 8 allow allow VB 7960 9377 9 the the DT 7960 9377 10 pope pope NN 7960 9377 11 's 's POS 7960 9377 12 appointee appointee NN 7960 9377 13 to to TO 7960 9377 14 set set VB 7960 9377 15 foot foot NN 7960 9377 16 on on IN 7960 9377 17 English english JJ 7960 9377 18 soil soil NN 7960 9377 19 , , , 7960 9377 20 Innocent Innocent NNP 7960 9377 21 replied reply VBN 7960 9377 22 by by IN 7960 9377 23 excommunicating excommunicate VBG 7960 9377 24 him -PRON- PRP 7960 9377 25 and and CC 7960 9377 26 laying lay VBG 7960 9377 27 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9377 28 kingdom kingdom NN 7960 9377 29 under under IN 7960 9377 30 an an DT 7960 9377 31 interdict interdict NN 7960 9377 32 . . . 7960 9378 1 John John NNP 7960 9378 2 also also RB 7960 9378 3 had have VBD 7960 9378 4 to to TO 7960 9378 5 yield yield VB 7960 9378 6 and and CC 7960 9378 7 went go VBD 7960 9378 8 so so RB 7960 9378 9 far far RB 7960 9378 10 as as IN 7960 9378 11 to to TO 7960 9378 12 surrender surrender VB 7960 9378 13 England England NNP 7960 9378 14 and and CC 7960 9378 15 Ireland Ireland NNP 7960 9378 16 to to IN 7960 9378 17 the the DT 7960 9378 18 pope pope NN 7960 9378 19 , , , 7960 9378 20 receiving receive VBG 7960 9378 21 them -PRON- PRP 7960 9378 22 back back RB 7960 9378 23 again again RB 7960 9378 24 as as IN 7960 9378 25 fiefs fiefs NN 7960 9378 26 , , , 7960 9378 27 for for IN 7960 9378 28 which which WDT 7960 9378 29 he -PRON- PRP 7960 9378 30 promised promise VBD 7960 9378 31 to to TO 7960 9378 32 pay pay VB 7960 9378 33 a a DT 7960 9378 34 yearly yearly JJ 7960 9378 35 rent rent NN 7960 9378 36 . . . 7960 9379 1 This this DT 7960 9379 2 tribute tribute NN 7960 9379 3 money money NN 7960 9379 4 was be VBD 7960 9379 5 actually actually RB 7960 9379 6 paid pay VBN 7960 9379 7 , , , 7960 9379 8 though though IN 7960 9379 9 irregularly irregularly RB 7960 9379 10 , , , 7960 9379 11 for for IN 7960 9379 12 about about RB 7960 9379 13 a a DT 7960 9379 14 century century NN 7960 9379 15 and and CC 7960 9379 16 a a DT 7960 9379 17 half half NN 7960 9379 18 . . . 7960 9380 1 FREDERICK FREDERICK NNP 7960 9380 2 II II NNP 7960 9380 3 , , , 7960 9380 4 EMPEROR EMPEROR NNP 7960 9380 5 , , , 7960 9380 6 1212 1212 CD 7960 9380 7 - - SYM 7960 9380 8 1250 1250 CD 7960 9380 9 A.D. a.d. NN 7960 9380 10 Innocent innocent JJ 7960 9380 11 further further RB 7960 9380 12 exhibited exhibit VBD 7960 9380 13 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9380 14 power power NN 7960 9380 15 by by IN 7960 9380 16 elevating elevate VBG 7960 9380 17 to to IN 7960 9380 18 the the DT 7960 9380 19 imperial imperial JJ 7960 9380 20 throne throne NN 7960 9380 21 Frederick Frederick NNP 7960 9380 22 II II NNP 7960 9380 23 , , , 7960 9380 24 grandson grandson NN 7960 9380 25 of of IN 7960 9380 26 Frederick Frederick NNP 7960 9380 27 Barbarossa Barbarossa NNP 7960 9380 28 . . . 7960 9381 1 The the DT 7960 9381 2 young young JJ 7960 9381 3 man man NN 7960 9381 4 , , , 7960 9381 5 after after IN 7960 9381 6 Innocent Innocent NNP 7960 9381 7 's 's POS 7960 9381 8 death death NN 7960 9381 9 , , , 7960 9381 10 proved prove VBD 7960 9381 11 to to TO 7960 9381 12 be be VB 7960 9381 13 a a DT 7960 9381 14 most most RBS 7960 9381 15 determined determined JJ 7960 9381 16 opponent opponent NN 7960 9381 17 of of IN 7960 9381 18 the the DT 7960 9381 19 Papacy Papacy NNP 7960 9381 20 . . . 7960 9382 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 9382 2 passed pass VBD 7960 9382 3 much much JJ 7960 9382 4 of of IN 7960 9382 5 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9382 6 long long JJ 7960 9382 7 reign reign NN 7960 9382 8 in in IN 7960 9382 9 Italy Italy NNP 7960 9382 10 , , , 7960 9382 11 warring war VBG 7960 9382 12 vainly vainly RB 7960 9382 13 against against IN 7960 9382 14 the the DT 7960 9382 15 popes pope NNS 7960 9382 16 and and CC 7960 9382 17 the the DT 7960 9382 18 Lombard Lombard NNP 7960 9382 19 cities city NNS 7960 9382 20 . . . 7960 9383 1 Frederick Frederick NNP 7960 9383 2 died die VBD 7960 9383 3 in in IN 7960 9383 4 1250 1250 CD 7960 9383 5 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 9383 6 , , , 7960 9383 7 and and CC 7960 9383 8 with with IN 7960 9383 9 him -PRON- PRP 7960 9383 10 the the DT 7960 9383 11 Holy Holy NNP 7960 9383 12 Roman Roman NNP 7960 9383 13 Empire Empire NNP 7960 9383 14 really really RB 7960 9383 15 ceased cease VBD 7960 9383 16 to to TO 7960 9383 17 exist exist VB 7960 9383 18 . . . 7960 9384 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 9384 2 38 38 CD 7960 9384 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 9384 4 None none NN 7960 9384 5 of of IN 7960 9384 6 the the DT 7960 9384 7 succeeding succeed VBG 7960 9384 8 holders holder NNS 7960 9384 9 of of IN 7960 9384 10 the the DT 7960 9384 11 imperial imperial JJ 7960 9384 12 title title NN 7960 9384 13 exercised exercise VBD 7960 9384 14 any any DT 7960 9384 15 authority authority NN 7960 9384 16 outside outside IN 7960 9384 17 of of IN 7960 9384 18 Germany Germany NNP 7960 9384 19 . . . 7960 9385 1 INTERREGNUM INTERREGNUM NNP 7960 9385 2 , , , 7960 9385 3 1254 1254 CD 7960 9385 4 - - SYM 7960 9385 5 1273 1273 CD 7960 9385 6 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 9386 1 The the DT 7960 9386 2 death death NN 7960 9386 3 of of IN 7960 9386 4 Frederick Frederick NNP 7960 9386 5 II II NNP 7960 9386 6 's 's POS 7960 9386 7 son son NN 7960 9386 8 in in IN 7960 9386 9 1254 1254 CD 7960 9386 10 A.D. A.D. 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7960 9424 30 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9424 31 ability ability NN 7960 9424 32 to to TO 7960 9424 33 read read VB 7960 9424 34 a a DT 7960 9424 35 single single JJ 7960 9424 36 line line NN 7960 9424 37 . . . 7960 9425 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 9425 2 is be VBZ 7960 9425 3 interesting interesting JJ 7960 9425 4 , , , 7960 9425 5 also also RB 7960 9425 6 , , , 7960 9425 7 to to TO 7960 9425 8 note note VB 7960 9425 9 that that IN 7960 9425 10 the the DT 7960 9425 11 word word NN 7960 9425 12 " " '' 7960 9425 13 clerk clerk NN 7960 9425 14 , , , 7960 9425 15 " " '' 7960 9425 16 which which WDT 7960 9425 17 comes come VBZ 7960 9425 18 from from IN 7960 9425 19 the the DT 7960 9425 20 Latin Latin NNP 7960 9425 21 _ _ NNP 7960 9425 22 clericus clericus NN 7960 9425 23 _ _ NNP 7960 9425 24 , , , 7960 9425 25 was be VBD 7960 9425 26 originally originally RB 7960 9425 27 limited limit VBN 7960 9425 28 to to IN 7960 9425 29 churchmen churchman NNS 7960 9425 30 , , , 7960 9425 31 since since IN 7960 9425 32 they -PRON- PRP 7960 9425 33 alone alone RB 7960 9425 34 could could MD 7960 9425 35 keep keep VB 7960 9425 36 accounts account NNS 7960 9425 37 , , , 7960 9425 38 write write VB 7960 9425 39 letters letter NNS 7960 9425 40 , , , 7960 9425 41 and and CC 7960 9425 42 perform perform VB 7960 9425 43 other other JJ 7960 9425 44 secretarial secretarial JJ 7960 9425 45 duties duty NNS 7960 9425 46 . . . 7960 9426 1 IMPORTANCE importance NN 7960 9426 2 OF of IN 7960 9426 3 THE the DT 7960 9426 4 CLERGY CLERGY NNP 7960 9426 5 It -PRON- PRP 7960 9426 6 is be VBZ 7960 9426 7 clear clear JJ 7960 9426 8 that that IN 7960 9426 9 priests priest NNS 7960 9426 10 and and CC 7960 9426 11 monks monk NNS 7960 9426 12 had have VBD 7960 9426 13 much much JJ 7960 9426 14 importance importance NN 7960 9426 15 quite quite RB 7960 9426 16 aside aside RB 7960 9426 17 from from IN 7960 9426 18 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9426 19 religious religious JJ 7960 9426 20 duties duty NNS 7960 9426 21 . . . 7960 9427 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 9427 2 controlled control VBD 7960 9427 3 the the DT 7960 9427 4 schools school NNS 7960 9427 5 , , , 7960 9427 6 wrote write VBD 7960 9427 7 the the DT 7960 9427 8 books book NNS 7960 9427 9 , , , 7960 9427 10 framed frame VBD 7960 9427 11 the the DT 7960 9427 12 laws law NNS 7960 9427 13 , , , 7960 9427 14 and and CC 7960 9427 15 , , , 7960 9427 16 in in IN 7960 9427 17 general general JJ 7960 9427 18 , , , 7960 9427 19 acted act VBD 7960 9427 20 as as IN 7960 9427 21 leaders leader NNS 7960 9427 22 and and CC 7960 9427 23 molders molder NNS 7960 9427 24 of of IN 7960 9427 25 public public JJ 7960 9427 26 opinion opinion NN 7960 9427 27 . . . 7960 9428 1 A a DT 7960 9428 2 most most RBS 7960 9428 3 conspicuous conspicuous JJ 7960 9428 4 instance instance NN 7960 9428 5 of of IN 7960 9428 6 the the DT 7960 9428 7 authority authority NN 7960 9428 8 wielded wield VBN 7960 9428 9 by by IN 7960 9428 10 them -PRON- PRP 7960 9428 11 is be VBZ 7960 9428 12 seen see VBN 7960 9428 13 in in IN 7960 9428 14 the the DT 7960 9428 15 crusades crusade NNS 7960 9428 16 . . . 7960 9429 1 These these DT 7960 9429 2 holy holy JJ 7960 9429 3 wars war NNS 7960 9429 4 of of IN 7960 9429 5 Christendom Christendom NNP 7960 9429 6 against against IN 7960 9429 7 Islam Islam NNP 7960 9429 8 must must MD 7960 9429 9 now now RB 7960 9429 10 be be VB 7960 9429 11 considered consider VBN 7960 9429 12 . . . 7960 9430 1 STUDIES STUDIES NNP 7960 9430 2 1 1 CD 7960 9430 3 . . . 7960 9431 1 Explain explain VB 7960 9431 2 the the DT 7960 9431 3 following follow VBG 7960 9431 4 terms term NNS 7960 9431 5 : : : 7960 9431 6 abbot abbot NNP 7960 9431 7 ; ; : 7960 9431 8 prior prior RB 7960 9431 9 ; ; : 7960 9431 10 archbishop archbishop NNP 7960 9431 11 ; ; : 7960 9431 12 parish parish NN 7960 9431 13 ; ; , 7960 9431 14 diocese diocese NN 7960 9431 15 ; ; , 7960 9431 16 regular regular JJ 7960 9431 17 clergy clergy NN 7960 9431 18 ; ; , 7960 9431 19 secular secular JJ 7960 9431 20 clergy clergy NNS 7960 9431 21 ; ; , 7960 9431 22 friar friar NN 7960 9431 23 ; ; : 7960 9431 24 excommunication excommunication NN 7960 9431 25 ; ; : 7960 9431 26 simony simony NN 7960 9431 27 ; ; , 7960 9431 28 interdict interdict NN 7960 9431 29 ; ; : 7960 9431 30 sacrament sacrament NN 7960 9431 31 ; ; : 7960 9431 32 " " `` 7960 9431 33 benefit benefit NN 7960 9431 34 of of IN 7960 9431 35 clergy clergy NN 7960 9431 36 " " '' 7960 9431 37 ; ; : 7960 9431 38 right right UH 7960 9431 39 of of IN 7960 9431 40 " " `` 7960 9431 41 sanctuary sanctuary JJ 7960 9431 42 " " '' 7960 9431 43 ; ; , 7960 9431 44 crosier crosi JJR 7960 9431 45 ; ; : 7960 9431 46 miter miter NN 7960 9431 47 ; ; : 7960 9431 48 tiara tiara NNP 7960 9431 49 ; ; : 7960 9431 50 papal papal JJ 7960 9431 51 indulgence indulgence NN 7960 9431 52 ; ; : 7960 9431 53 bull bull NN 7960 9431 54 ; ; : 7960 9431 55 dispensation dispensation NN 7960 9431 56 ; ; , 7960 9431 57 tithes tithe NNS 7960 9431 58 ; ; : 7960 9431 59 and and CC 7960 9431 60 " " `` 7960 9431 61 Peter Peter NNP 7960 9431 62 's 's POS 7960 9431 63 Pence Pence NNP 7960 9431 64 . . . 7960 9431 65 " " '' 7960 9432 1 2 2 LS 7960 9432 2 . . . 7960 9433 1 Mention mention VB 7960 9433 2 some some DT 7960 9433 3 respects respect NNS 7960 9433 4 in in IN 7960 9433 5 which which WDT 7960 9433 6 the the DT 7960 9433 7 Roman Roman NNP 7960 9433 8 Church Church NNP 7960 9433 9 in in IN 7960 9433 10 the the DT 7960 9433 11 Middle Middle NNP 7960 9433 12 Ages Ages NNP 7960 9433 13 differed differ VBN 7960 9433 14 from from IN 7960 9433 15 any any DT 7960 9433 16 religious religious JJ 7960 9433 17 society society NN 7960 9433 18 of of IN 7960 9433 19 the the DT 7960 9433 20 present present JJ 7960 9433 21 day day NN 7960 9433 22 . . . 7960 9434 1 3 3 LS 7960 9434 2 . . . 7960 9435 1 " " `` 7960 9435 2 Medieval Medieval NNP 7960 9435 3 Europe Europe NNP 7960 9435 4 was be VBD 7960 9435 5 a a DT 7960 9435 6 camp camp NN 7960 9435 7 with with IN 7960 9435 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7960 9448 5 of of IN 7960 9448 6 excommunication excommunication NN 7960 9448 7 with with IN 7960 9448 8 those those DT 7960 9448 9 of of IN 7960 9448 10 a a DT 7960 9448 11 modern modern JJ 7960 9448 12 " " `` 7960 9448 13 boycott boycott NN 7960 9448 14 . . . 7960 9448 15 " " '' 7960 9449 1 10 10 CD 7960 9449 2 . . . 7960 9450 1 What what WDT 7960 9450 2 reasons reason NNS 7960 9450 3 have have VBP 7960 9450 4 led lead VBN 7960 9450 5 the the DT 7960 9450 6 Church Church NNP 7960 9450 7 to to TO 7960 9450 8 insist insist VB 7960 9450 9 upon upon IN 7960 9450 10 celibacy celibacy NN 7960 9450 11 of of IN 7960 9450 12 the the DT 7960 9450 13 clergy clergy NNS 7960 9450 14 ? ? . 7960 9451 1 11 11 CD 7960 9451 2 . . . 7960 9452 1 Name name VB 7960 9452 2 four four CD 7960 9452 3 famous famous JJ 7960 9452 4 monks monk NNS 7960 9452 5 and and CC 7960 9452 6 four four CD 7960 9452 7 famous famous JJ 7960 9452 8 monasteries monastery NNS 7960 9452 9 . . . 7960 9453 1 12 12 CD 7960 9453 2 . . . 7960 9454 1 Could Could MD 7960 9454 2 monks monk NNS 7960 9454 3 enter enter VB 7960 9454 4 the the DT 7960 9454 5 secular secular JJ 7960 9454 6 clergy clergy NN 7960 9454 7 and and CC 7960 9454 8 thus thus RB 7960 9454 9 become become VB 7960 9454 10 parish parish NN 7960 9454 11 priests priest NNS 7960 9454 12 and and CC 7960 9454 13 bishops bishop NNS 7960 9454 14 ? ? . 7960 9455 1 13 13 CD 7960 9455 2 . . . 7960 9456 1 Mention mention VB 7960 9456 2 two two CD 7960 9456 3 famous famous JJ 7960 9456 4 popes pope NNS 7960 9456 5 who who WP 7960 9456 6 had have VBD 7960 9456 7 been be VBN 7960 9456 8 monks monk NNS 7960 9456 9 . . . 7960 9457 1 14 14 CD 7960 9457 2 . . . 7960 9458 1 What what WDT 7960 9458 2 justification justification NN 7960 9458 3 was be VBD 7960 9458 4 found find VBN 7960 9458 5 in in IN 7960 9458 6 the the DT 7960 9458 7 New New NNP 7960 9458 8 Testament Testament NNP 7960 9458 9 ( ( -LRB- 7960 9458 10 _ _ NNP 7960 9458 11 Matthew Matthew NNP 7960 9458 12 _ 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7960 9462 10 of of IN 7960 9462 11 the the DT 7960 9462 12 Church Church NNP 7960 9462 13 . . . 7960 9462 14 " " '' 7960 9463 1 Comment comment NN 7960 9463 2 on on IN 7960 9463 3 this this DT 7960 9463 4 statement statement NN 7960 9463 5 . . . 7960 9464 1 17 17 CD 7960 9464 2 . . . 7960 9464 3 Who who WP 7960 9464 4 is be VBZ 7960 9464 5 the the DT 7960 9464 6 present present JJ 7960 9464 7 Pope Pope NNP 7960 9464 8 ? ? . 7960 9465 1 When when WRB 7960 9465 2 and and CC 7960 9465 3 by by IN 7960 9465 4 whom whom WP 7960 9465 5 was be VBD 7960 9465 6 he -PRON- PRP 7960 9465 7 elected elect VBN 7960 9465 8 ? ? . 7960 9466 1 In in IN 7960 9466 2 what what WDT 7960 9466 3 city city NN 7960 9466 4 does do VBZ 7960 9466 5 he -PRON- PRP 7960 9466 6 reside reside VB 7960 9466 7 ? ? . 7960 9467 1 What what WP 7960 9467 2 is be VBZ 7960 9467 3 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9467 4 residence residence NN 7960 9467 5 called call VBN 7960 9467 6 ? ? . 7960 9468 1 18 18 CD 7960 9468 2 . . . 7960 9469 1 Why why WRB 7960 9469 2 has have VBZ 7960 9469 3 the the DT 7960 9469 4 medieval medieval JJ 7960 9469 5 Papacy Papacy NNP 7960 9469 6 been be VBN 7960 9469 7 called call VBN 7960 9469 8 the the DT 7960 9469 9 " " `` 7960 9469 10 ghost ghost NN 7960 9469 11 " " '' 7960 9469 12 of of IN 7960 9469 13 the the DT 7960 9469 14 Roman Roman NNP 7960 9469 15 Empire Empire NNP 7960 9469 16 ? ? . 7960 9470 1 19 19 CD 7960 9470 2 . . . 7960 9471 1 In in IN 7960 9471 2 what what WDT 7960 9471 3 sense sense NN 7960 9471 4 is be VBZ 7960 9471 5 it -PRON- PRP 7960 9471 6 true true JJ 7960 9471 7 that that IN 7960 9471 8 the the DT 7960 9471 9 Holy Holy NNP 7960 9471 10 Roman Roman NNP 7960 9471 11 Empire Empire NNP 7960 9471 12 was be VBD 7960 9471 13 " " `` 7960 9471 14 neither neither CC 7960 9471 15 holy holy JJ 7960 9471 16 nor nor CC 7960 9471 17 Roman roman JJ 7960 9471 18 , , , 7960 9471 19 nor nor CC 7960 9471 20 an an DT 7960 9471 21 empire empire NN 7960 9471 22 " " '' 7960 9471 23 ? ? . 7960 9472 1 FOOTNOTES FOOTNOTES NNP 7960 9472 2 [ [ -LRB- 7960 9472 3 1 1 CD 7960 9472 4 ] ] -RRB- 7960 9472 5 Webster Webster NNP 7960 9472 6 , , , 7960 9472 7 _ _ NNP 7960 9472 8 Readings Readings NNP 7960 9472 9 in in IN 7960 9472 10 Medieval Medieval NNP 7960 9472 11 and and CC 7960 9472 12 Modern Modern NNP 7960 9472 13 History History NNP 7960 9472 14 _ _ NNP 7960 9472 15 , , , 7960 9472 16 chapter chapter NN 7960 9472 17 x x NN 7960 9472 18 , , , 7960 9472 19 " " `` 7960 9472 20 Monastic monastic JJ 7960 9472 21 Life Life NNP 7960 9472 22 in in IN 7960 9472 23 the the DT 7960 9472 24 Twelfth Twelfth NNP 7960 9472 25 Century Century NNP 7960 9472 26 " " '' 7960 9472 27 ; ; : 7960 9472 28 chapter chapter NN 7960 9472 29 xi xi NNP 7960 9472 30 , , , 7960 9472 31 " " `` 7960 9472 32 St. St. NNP 7960 9472 33 Francis Francis NNP 7960 9472 34 and and CC 7960 9472 35 the the DT 7960 9472 36 Franciscans Franciscans NNPS 7960 9472 37 . . . 7960 9472 38 " " '' 7960 9473 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 9473 2 2 2 LS 7960 9473 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 9473 4 In in IN 7960 9473 5 case case NN 7960 9473 6 of of IN 7960 9473 7 necessity necessity NN 7960 9473 8 baptism baptism NN 7960 9473 9 might may MD 7960 9473 10 be be VB 7960 9473 11 performed perform VBN 7960 9473 12 by by IN 7960 9473 13 any any DT 7960 9473 14 lay lay JJ 7960 9473 15 person person NN 7960 9473 16 of of IN 7960 9473 17 adult adult NN 7960 9473 18 years year NNS 7960 9473 19 and and CC 7960 9473 20 sound sound JJ 7960 9473 21 mind mind NN 7960 9473 22 . . . 7960 9474 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 9474 2 3 3 LS 7960 9474 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 9474 4 This this DT 7960 9474 5 doctrine doctrine NN 7960 9474 6 is be VBZ 7960 9474 7 known know VBN 7960 9474 8 as as IN 7960 9474 9 transubstantiation transubstantiation NN 7960 9474 10 . . . 7960 9475 1 In in IN 7960 9475 2 the the DT 7960 9475 3 Roman Roman NNP 7960 9475 4 Church Church NNP 7960 9475 5 , , , 7960 9475 6 as as IN 7960 9475 7 has have VBZ 7960 9475 8 been be VBN 7960 9475 9 noted note VBN 7960 9475 10 ( ( -LRB- 7960 9475 11 page page NN 7960 9475 12 363 363 CD 7960 9475 13 ) ) -RRB- 7960 9475 14 , , , 7960 9475 15 wine wine NN 7960 9475 16 is be VBZ 7960 9475 17 not not RB 7960 9475 18 administered administer VBN 7960 9475 19 to to IN 7960 9475 20 the the DT 7960 9475 21 laity laity NN 7960 9475 22 . . . 7960 9476 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 9476 2 4 4 LS 7960 9476 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 9476 4 Hence hence RB 7960 9476 5 the the DT 7960 9476 6 term term NN 7960 9476 7 " " `` 7960 9476 8 Apostolical Apostolical NNP 7960 9476 9 Succession Succession NNP 7960 9476 10 . . . 7960 9476 11 " " '' 7960 9477 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 9477 2 5 5 LS 7960 9477 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 9477 4 Latin latin JJ 7960 9477 5 sanctus sanctus NN 7960 9477 6 , , , 7960 9477 7 " " '' 7960 9477 8 holy holy JJ 7960 9477 9 . . . 7960 9477 10 " " '' 7960 9478 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 9478 2 6 6 CD 7960 9478 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 9478 4 See see VB 7960 9478 5 page page NN 7960 9478 6 234 234 CD 7960 9478 7 . . . 7960 9479 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 9479 2 7 7 LS 7960 9479 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 9479 4 See see VB 7960 9479 5 page page NN 7960 9479 6 431 431 CD 7960 9479 7 . . . 7960 9480 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 9480 2 8 8 LS 7960 9480 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 9480 4 See see VB 7960 9480 5 pages page NNS 7960 9480 6 407 407 CD 7960 9480 7 , , , 7960 9480 8 418 418 CD 7960 9480 9 . . . 7960 9481 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 9481 2 9 9 CD 7960 9481 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 9481 4 The the DT 7960 9481 5 belief belief NN 7960 9481 6 in in IN 7960 9481 7 Purgatory Purgatory NNP 7960 9481 8 is be VBZ 7960 9481 9 not not RB 7960 9481 10 held hold VBN 7960 9481 11 by by IN 7960 9481 12 Protestants Protestants NNPS 7960 9481 13 or or CC 7960 9481 14 by by IN 7960 9481 15 members member NNS 7960 9481 16 of of IN 7960 9481 17 the the DT 7960 9481 18 Greek Greek NNP 7960 9481 19 Church Church NNP 7960 9481 20 . . . 7960 9482 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 9482 2 10 10 CD 7960 9482 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 9482 4 The the DT 7960 9482 5 so so RB 7960 9482 6 - - HYPH 7960 9482 7 called call VBN 7960 9482 8 " " `` 7960 9482 9 canon canon NNP 7960 9482 10 law law NN 7960 9482 11 . . . 7960 9482 12 " " '' 7960 9483 1 See see VB 7960 9483 2 page page NN 7960 9483 3 568 568 CD 7960 9483 4 . . . 7960 9484 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 9484 2 11 11 CD 7960 9484 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 9484 4 See see VB 7960 9484 5 page page NN 7960 9484 6 420 420 CD 7960 9484 7 . . . 7960 9485 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 9485 2 12 12 CD 7960 9485 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 9485 4 For for IN 7960 9485 5 two two CD 7960 9485 6 instances instance NNS 7960 9485 7 of of IN 7960 9485 8 the the DT 7960 9485 9 use use NN 7960 9485 10 of of IN 7960 9485 11 excommunication excommunication NN 7960 9485 12 see see VBP 7960 9485 13 pages page NNS 7960 9485 14 459 459 CD 7960 9485 15 and and CC 7960 9485 16 461 461 CD 7960 9485 17 . . . 7960 9486 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 9486 2 13 13 CD 7960 9486 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 9486 4 For for IN 7960 9486 5 two two CD 7960 9486 6 instances instance NNS 7960 9486 7 of of IN 7960 9486 8 this this DT 7960 9486 9 sort sort NN 7960 9486 10 see see VBP 7960 9486 11 page page NN 7960 9486 12 461 461 CD 7960 9486 13 . . . 7960 9487 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 9487 2 14 14 CD 7960 9487 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 9487 4 Latin Latin NNP 7960 9487 5 _ _ NNP 7960 9487 6 saeculum saeculum NN 7960 9487 7 _ _ NNP 7960 9487 8 , , , 7960 9487 9 used use VBN 7960 9487 10 in in IN 7960 9487 11 the the DT 7960 9487 12 sense sense NN 7960 9487 13 of of IN 7960 9487 14 " " `` 7960 9487 15 the the DT 7960 9487 16 world world NN 7960 9487 17 . . . 7960 9487 18 " " '' 7960 9488 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 9488 2 15 15 CD 7960 9488 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 9488 4 Latin Latin NNP 7960 9488 5 _ _ NNP 7960 9488 6 regula regula NN 7960 9488 7 _ _ NNP 7960 9488 8 , , , 7960 9488 9 a a DT 7960 9488 10 " " `` 7960 9488 11 rule rule NN 7960 9488 12 " " '' 7960 9488 13 , , , 7960 9488 14 referring refer VBG 7960 9488 15 to to IN 7960 9488 16 the the DT 7960 9488 17 rule rule NN 7960 9488 18 or or CC 7960 9488 19 constitution constitution NN 7960 9488 20 of of IN 7960 9488 21 a a DT 7960 9488 22 monastic monastic JJ 7960 9488 23 order order NN 7960 9488 24 . . . 7960 9489 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 9489 2 16 16 CD 7960 9489 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 9489 4 See see VB 7960 9489 5 page page NN 7960 9489 6 343 343 CD 7960 9489 7 . . . 7960 9490 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 9490 2 17 17 CD 7960 9490 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 9490 4 The the DT 7960 9490 5 tithe tithe NN 7960 9490 6 was be VBD 7960 9490 7 a a DT 7960 9490 8 tenth tenth JJ 7960 9490 9 part part NN 7960 9490 10 of of IN 7960 9490 11 the the DT 7960 9490 12 yearly yearly JJ 7960 9490 13 income income NN 7960 9490 14 from from IN 7960 9490 15 land land NN 7960 9490 16 , , , 7960 9490 17 stock stock NN 7960 9490 18 , , , 7960 9490 19 and and CC 7960 9490 20 personal personal JJ 7960 9490 21 industry industry NN 7960 9490 22 . . . 7960 9491 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 9491 2 18 18 CD 7960 9491 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 9491 4 See see VB 7960 9491 5 illustration illustration NN 7960 9491 6 , , , 7960 9491 7 page page NN 7960 9491 8 447 447 CD 7960 9491 9 . . . 7960 9492 1 [ [ -LRB- 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, , 7960 9540 4 in in IN 7960 9540 5 fact fact NN 7960 9540 6 , , , 7960 9540 7 appealed appeal VBD 7960 9540 8 strongly strongly RB 7960 9540 9 to to IN 7960 9540 10 the the DT 7960 9540 11 warlike warlike JJ 7960 9540 12 instincts instinct NNS 7960 9540 13 of of IN 7960 9540 14 the the DT 7960 9540 15 feudal feudal JJ 7960 9540 16 nobles noble NNS 7960 9540 17 . . . 7960 9541 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 9541 2 saw see VBD 7960 9541 3 in in IN 7960 9541 4 an an DT 7960 9541 5 expedition expedition NN 7960 9541 6 against against IN 7960 9541 7 the the DT 7960 9541 8 East East NNP 7960 9541 9 an an DT 7960 9541 10 unequaled unequaled JJ 7960 9541 11 opportunity opportunity NN 7960 9541 12 for for IN 7960 9541 13 acquiring acquire VBG 7960 9541 14 fame fame NN 7960 9541 15 , , , 7960 9541 16 riches rich NNS 7960 9541 17 , , , 7960 9541 18 lands land NNS 7960 9541 19 , , , 7960 9541 20 and and CC 7960 9541 21 power power NN 7960 9541 22 . . . 7960 9542 1 The the DT 7960 9542 2 Normans Normans NNPS 7960 9542 3 were be VBD 7960 9542 4 especially especially RB 7960 9542 5 stirred stir VBN 7960 9542 6 by by IN 7960 9542 7 the the DT 7960 9542 8 prospect prospect NN 7960 9542 9 of of IN 7960 9542 10 adventure adventure NN 7960 9542 11 and and CC 7960 9542 12 plunder plunder VB 7960 9542 13 which which WDT 7960 9542 14 the the DT 7960 9542 15 crusading crusade VBG 7960 9542 16 movement movement NN 7960 9542 17 opened open VBD 7960 9542 18 up up RP 7960 9542 19 . . . 7960 9543 1 By by IN 7960 9543 2 the the DT 7960 9543 3 end end NN 7960 9543 4 of of IN 7960 9543 5 the the DT 7960 9543 6 eleventh eleventh JJ 7960 9543 7 century century NN 7960 9543 8 they -PRON- PRP 7960 9543 9 had have VBD 7960 9543 10 established establish VBN 7960 9543 11 themselves -PRON- PRP 7960 9543 12 in in IN 7960 9543 13 southern southern JJ 7960 9543 14 Italy Italy NNP 7960 9543 15 and and CC 7960 9543 16 Sicily Sicily NNP 7960 9543 17 , , , 7960 9543 18 from from IN 7960 9543 19 which which WDT 7960 9543 20 they -PRON- PRP 7960 9543 21 now now RB 7960 9543 22 looked look VBD 7960 9543 23 across across IN 7960 9543 24 the the DT 7960 9543 25 Mediterranean Mediterranean NNP 7960 9543 26 for for IN 7960 9543 27 further further JJ 7960 9543 28 lands land NNS 7960 9543 29 to to TO 7960 9543 30 conquer conquer VB 7960 9543 31 . . . 7960 9544 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 9544 2 2 2 LS 7960 9544 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 9544 4 Norman Norman NNP 7960 9544 5 knights knight NNS 7960 9544 6 formed form VBD 7960 9544 7 a a DT 7960 9544 8 very very RB 7960 9544 9 large large JJ 7960 9544 10 element element NN 7960 9544 11 in in IN 7960 9544 12 several several JJ 7960 9544 13 of of IN 7960 9544 14 the the DT 7960 9544 15 crusaders crusader NNS 7960 9544 16 ' ' POS 7960 9544 17 armies army NNS 7960 9544 18 . . . 7960 9545 1 THE the DT 7960 9545 2 LOWER lower JJ 7960 9545 3 CLASSES class NNS 7960 9545 4 AND and CC 7960 9545 5 THE the DT 7960 9545 6 CRUSADES crusades NN 7960 9545 7 The the DT 7960 9545 8 crusades 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7960 9546 33 to to TO 7960 9546 34 better better VB 7960 9546 35 themselves -PRON- PRP 7960 9546 36 abroad abroad RB 7960 9546 37 . . . 7960 9547 1 Famine famine NN 7960 9547 2 and and CC 7960 9547 3 pestilence pestilence NN 7960 9547 4 , , , 7960 9547 5 poverty poverty NN 7960 9547 6 and and CC 7960 9547 7 oppression oppression NN 7960 9547 8 , , , 7960 9547 9 drove drive VBD 7960 9547 10 them -PRON- PRP 7960 9547 11 to to TO 7960 9547 12 emigrate emigrate VB 7960 9547 13 hopefully hopefully RB 7960 9547 14 to to IN 7960 9547 15 the the DT 7960 9547 16 golden golden NNP 7960 9547 17 East East NNP 7960 9547 18 . . . 7960 9548 1 PRIVILEGES privileges NN 7960 9548 2 OF of IN 7960 9548 3 CRUSADERS crusader NNS 7960 9548 4 The the DT 7960 9548 5 Church Church NNP 7960 9548 6 , , , 7960 9548 7 in in IN 7960 9548 8 order order NN 7960 9548 9 to to TO 7960 9548 10 foster foster VB 7960 9548 11 the the DT 7960 9548 12 crusades crusade NNS 7960 9548 13 , , , 7960 9548 14 promised promise VBD 7960 9548 15 both both CC 7960 9548 16 religious religious JJ 7960 9548 17 and and CC 7960 9548 18 secular secular JJ 7960 9548 19 benefits benefit NNS 7960 9548 20 to to IN 7960 9548 21 those those DT 7960 9548 22 who who WP 7960 9548 23 took take VBD 7960 9548 24 part part NN 7960 9548 25 in in IN 7960 9548 26 them -PRON- PRP 7960 9548 27 . . . 7960 9549 1 A a DT 7960 9549 2 warrior warrior NN 7960 9549 3 of of IN 7960 9549 4 the the DT 7960 9549 5 Cross Cross NNP 7960 9549 6 was be VBD 7960 9549 7 to to TO 7960 9549 8 enjoy enjoy VB 7960 9549 9 forgiveness forgiveness NN 7960 9549 10 of of IN 7960 9549 11 all all PDT 7960 9549 12 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9549 13 past past JJ 7960 9549 14 sins sin NNS 7960 9549 15 . . . 7960 9550 1 If if IN 7960 9550 2 he -PRON- PRP 7960 9550 3 died die VBD 7960 9550 4 fighting fight VBG 7960 9550 5 for for IN 7960 9550 6 the the DT 7960 9550 7 faith faith NN 7960 9550 8 , , , 7960 9550 9 he -PRON- PRP 7960 9550 10 was be VBD 7960 9550 11 assured assure 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property property NN 7960 9551 28 . . . 7960 9552 1 170 170 CD 7960 9552 2 . . . 7960 9553 1 FIRST FIRST NNP 7960 9553 2 CRUSADE CRUSADE NNP 7960 9553 3 , , , 7960 9553 4 1095 1095 CD 7960 9553 5 - - SYM 7960 9553 6 1099 1099 CD 7960 9553 7 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 9554 1 OCCASION occasion NN 7960 9554 2 OF of IN 7960 9554 3 THE the DT 7960 9554 4 FIRST first NN 7960 9554 5 CRUSADE CRUSADE NNP 7960 9554 6 The the DT 7960 9554 7 signal signal NN 7960 9554 8 for for IN 7960 9554 9 the the DT 7960 9554 10 First First NNP 7960 9554 11 Crusade Crusade NNP 7960 9554 12 was be VBD 7960 9554 13 given give VBN 7960 9554 14 by by IN 7960 9554 15 the the DT 7960 9554 16 conquests conquest NNS 7960 9554 17 of of IN 7960 9554 18 the the DT 7960 9554 19 Seljuk Seljuk NNP 7960 9554 20 Turks Turks NNPS 7960 9554 21 . . . 7960 9555 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 9555 2 3 3 LS 7960 9555 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 9555 4 These these DT 7960 9555 5 barbarians barbarian NNS 7960 9555 6 , , , 7960 9555 7 at at IN 7960 9555 8 first first RB 7960 9555 9 the the DT 7960 9555 10 mercenaries mercenary NNS 7960 9555 11 and and CC 7960 9555 12 then then RB 7960 9555 13 the the DT 7960 9555 14 masters master NNS 7960 9555 15 of of IN 7960 9555 16 the the DT 7960 9555 17 Abbasid Abbasid NNP 7960 9555 18 caliphs caliph NNS 7960 9555 19 , , , 7960 9555 20 infused infuse VBN 7960 9555 21 fresh fresh JJ 7960 9555 22 energy energy NN 7960 9555 23 into into IN 7960 9555 24 Islam Islam NNP 7960 9555 25 . . . 7960 9556 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 9556 2 began begin VBD 7960 9556 3 a a DT 7960 9556 4 new new JJ 7960 9556 5 era era NN 7960 9556 6 of of IN 7960 9556 7 Mohammedan Mohammedan NNP 7960 9556 8 expansion expansion NN 7960 9556 9 by by IN 7960 9556 10 winning win VBG 7960 9556 11 almost almost RB 7960 9556 12 the the DT 7960 9556 13 whole whole NN 7960 9556 14 of of IN 7960 9556 15 Asia Asia NNP 7960 9556 16 Minor Minor NNP 7960 9556 17 from from IN 7960 9556 18 the the DT 7960 9556 19 Roman Roman NNP 7960 9556 20 Empire Empire NNP 7960 9556 21 in in IN 7960 9556 22 the the DT 7960 9556 23 East East NNP 7960 9556 24 . . . 7960 9557 1 One one CD 7960 9557 2 of of IN 7960 9557 3 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9557 4 leaders leader NNS 7960 9557 5 established establish VBD 7960 9557 6 himself -PRON- PRP 7960 9557 7 at at IN 7960 9557 8 Nicaea Nicaea NNP 7960 9557 9 , , , 7960 9557 10 the the DT 7960 9557 11 scene scene NN 7960 9557 12 of of IN 7960 9557 13 the the DT 7960 9557 14 first first JJ 7960 9557 15 Church Church NNP 7960 9557 16 Council Council NNP 7960 9557 17 , , , 7960 9557 18 [ [ -LRB- 7960 9557 19 4 4 CD 7960 9557 20 ] ] -RRB- 7960 9557 21 and and CC 7960 9557 22 founded found VBD 7960 9557 23 the the DT 7960 9557 24 sultanate sultanate NN 7960 9557 25 of of IN 7960 9557 26 Rum Rum NNP 7960 9557 27 ( ( -LRB- 7960 9557 28 Rome Rome NNP 7960 9557 29 ) ) -RRB- 7960 9557 30 . . . 7960 9558 1 APPEAL appeal NN 7960 9558 2 OF of IN 7960 9558 3 EMPEROR emperor NN 7960 9558 4 TO to TO 7960 9558 5 POPE POPE NNP 7960 9558 6 The the DT 7960 9558 7 presence presence NN 7960 9558 8 of of IN 7960 9558 9 the the DT 7960 9558 10 Turks Turks NNPS 7960 9558 11 so so RB 7960 9558 12 close close RB 7960 9558 13 to to IN 7960 9558 14 Constantinople Constantinople NNP 7960 9558 15 was be VBD 7960 9558 16 a a DT 7960 9558 17 standing stand VBG 7960 9558 18 menace menace NN 7960 9558 19 to to IN 7960 9558 20 all all DT 7960 9558 21 Europe Europe NNP 7960 9558 22 . . . 7960 9559 1 The the DT 7960 9559 2 able able JJ 7960 9559 3 emperor emperor NN 7960 9559 4 , , , 7960 9559 5 Alexius Alexius NNP 7960 9559 6 I I NNP 7960 9559 7 , , , 7960 9559 8 on on IN 7960 9559 9 succeeding succeed VBG 7960 9559 10 to to IN 7960 9559 11 the the DT 7960 9559 12 throne throne NN 7960 9559 13 toward toward IN 7960 9559 14 the the DT 7960 9559 15 close close NN 7960 9559 16 of of IN 7960 9559 17 the the DT 7960 9559 18 eleventh eleventh JJ 7960 9559 19 century century NN 7960 9559 20 , , , 7960 9559 21 took take VBD 7960 9559 22 steps step NNS 7960 9559 23 to to TO 7960 9559 24 expel expel VB 7960 9559 25 the the DT 7960 9559 26 invaders invader NNS 7960 9559 27 . . . 7960 9560 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 9560 2 could could MD 7960 9560 3 not not RB 7960 9560 4 draw draw VB 7960 9560 5 on on IN 7960 9560 6 the the DT 7960 9560 7 hardy hardy JJ 7960 9560 8 tribes tribe NNS 7960 9560 9 of of IN 7960 9560 10 Asia Asia NNP 7960 9560 11 Minor Minor NNP 7960 9560 12 for for IN 7960 9560 13 the the DT 7960 9560 14 soldiers soldier NNS 7960 9560 15 he -PRON- PRP 7960 9560 16 needed need VBD 7960 9560 17 , , , 7960 9560 18 but but CC 7960 9560 19 with with IN 7960 9560 20 reinforcements reinforcement NNS 7960 9560 21 from from IN 7960 9560 22 the the DT 7960 9560 23 West West NNP 7960 9560 24 he -PRON- PRP 7960 9560 25 hoped hope VBD 7960 9560 26 to to TO 7960 9560 27 recover recover VB 7960 9560 28 the the DT 7960 9560 29 lost lose VBN 7960 9560 30 provinces province NNS 7960 9560 31 of of IN 7960 9560 32 the the DT 7960 9560 33 empire empire NN 7960 9560 34 . . . 7960 9561 1 Accordingly accordingly RB 7960 9561 2 , , , 7960 9561 3 in in IN 7960 9561 4 1095 1095 CD 7960 9561 5 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 9561 6 , , , 7960 9561 7 Alexius Alexius NNP 7960 9561 8 sent send VBD 7960 9561 9 an an DT 7960 9561 10 embassy embassy NN 7960 9561 11 to to IN 7960 9561 12 Pope Pope NNP 7960 9561 13 Urban Urban NNP 7960 9561 14 II II NNP 7960 9561 15 , , , 7960 9561 16 the the DT 7960 9561 17 successor successor NN 7960 9561 18 of of IN 7960 9561 19 Gregory Gregory NNP 7960 9561 20 VII VII NNP 7960 9561 21 , , , 7960 9561 22 requesting request VBG 7960 9561 23 aid aid NN 7960 9561 24 . . . 7960 9562 1 The the DT 7960 9562 2 fact fact NN 7960 9562 3 that that IN 7960 9562 4 the the DT 7960 9562 5 emperor emperor NN 7960 9562 6 appealed appeal VBD 7960 9562 7 to to IN 7960 9562 8 the the DT 7960 9562 9 pope pope NN 7960 9562 10 , , , 7960 9562 11 rather rather RB 7960 9562 12 than than IN 7960 9562 13 to to IN 7960 9562 14 any any DT 7960 9562 15 king king NN 7960 9562 16 , , , 7960 9562 17 shows show VBZ 7960 9562 18 what what WP 7960 9562 19 a a DT 7960 9562 20 high high JJ 7960 9562 21 place place NN 7960 9562 22 the the DT 7960 9562 23 Papacy Papacy NNP 7960 9562 24 then then RB 7960 9562 25 held hold VBN 7960 9562 26 in in IN 7960 9562 27 the the DT 7960 9562 28 affairs affair NNS 7960 9562 29 of of IN 7960 9562 30 Europe Europe NNP 7960 9562 31 . . . 7960 9563 1 COUNCIL COUNCIL NNP 7960 9563 2 OF of IN 7960 9563 3 CLERMONT CLERMONT NNP 7960 9563 4 , , , 7960 9563 5 1095 1095 CD 7960 9563 6 A.D. 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NNP 7960 9563 7 To to IN 7960 9563 8 the the DT 7960 9563 9 appeal appeal NN 7960 9563 10 of of IN 7960 9563 11 Alexius Alexius NNP 7960 9563 12 , , , 7960 9563 13 Urban Urban NNP 7960 9563 14 lent lend VBD 7960 9563 15 a a DT 7960 9563 16 willing willing JJ 7960 9563 17 ear ear NN 7960 9563 18 . . . 7960 9564 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 9564 2 summoned summon VBD 7960 9564 3 a a DT 7960 9564 4 great great JJ 7960 9564 5 council council NN 7960 9564 6 of of IN 7960 9564 7 clergy clergy NNP 7960 9564 8 and and CC 7960 9564 9 nobles noble NNS 7960 9564 10 to to TO 7960 9564 11 meet meet VB 7960 9564 12 at at IN 7960 9564 13 Clermont Clermont NNP 7960 9564 14 in in IN 7960 9564 15 France France NNP 7960 9564 16 . . . 7960 9565 1 Here here RB 7960 9565 2 , , , 7960 9565 3 in in IN 7960 9565 4 an an DT 7960 9565 5 address address NN 7960 9565 6 which which WDT 7960 9565 7 , , , 7960 9565 8 measured measure VBN 7960 9565 9 by by IN 7960 9565 10 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9565 11 results result NNS 7960 9565 12 , , , 7960 9565 13 was be VBD 7960 9565 14 the the DT 7960 9565 15 most most RBS 7960 9565 16 momentous momentous JJ 7960 9565 17 recorded record VBN 7960 9565 18 in in IN 7960 9565 19 history history NN 7960 9565 20 , , , 7960 9565 21 Pope Pope NNP 7960 9565 22 Urban Urban NNP 7960 9565 23 preached preach VBD 7960 9565 24 the the DT 7960 9565 25 First First NNP 7960 9565 26 Crusade Crusade NNP 7960 9565 27 . . . 7960 9566 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 9566 2 said say VBD 7960 9566 3 little little JJ 7960 9566 4 about about IN 7960 9566 5 the the DT 7960 9566 6 dangers danger NNS 7960 9566 7 which which WDT 7960 9566 8 threatened threaten VBD 7960 9566 9 the the DT 7960 9566 10 Roman Roman NNP 7960 9566 11 Empire Empire NNP 7960 9566 12 in in IN 7960 9566 13 the the DT 7960 9566 14 East East NNP 7960 9566 15 from from IN 7960 9566 16 the the DT 7960 9566 17 Turks Turks NNPS 7960 9566 18 , , , 7960 9566 19 but but CC 7960 9566 20 dwelt dwelt VB 7960 9566 21 chiefly chiefly RB 7960 9566 22 on on IN 7960 9566 23 the the DT 7960 9566 24 wretched wretched JJ 7960 9566 25 condition condition NN 7960 9566 26 of of IN 7960 9566 27 the the DT 7960 9566 28 Holy Holy NNP 7960 9566 29 Land Land NNP 7960 9566 30 , , , 7960 9566 31 with with IN 7960 9566 32 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9566 33 churches church NNS 7960 9566 34 polluted pollute VBN 7960 9566 35 by by IN 7960 9566 36 unbelievers unbeliever NNS 7960 9566 37 and and CC 7960 9566 38 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9566 39 Christian christian JJ 7960 9566 40 inhabitants inhabitant NNS 7960 9566 41 tortured torture VBD 7960 9566 42 and and CC 7960 9566 43 enslaved enslave VBD 7960 9566 44 . . . 7960 9567 1 Then then RB 7960 9567 2 , , , 7960 9567 3 turning turn VBG 7960 9567 4 to to IN 7960 9567 5 the the DT 7960 9567 6 proud proud JJ 7960 9567 7 knights knight NNS 7960 9567 8 who who WP 7960 9567 9 stood stand VBD 7960 9567 10 by by IN 7960 9567 11 , , , 7960 9567 12 Urban Urban NNP 7960 9567 13 called call VBD 7960 9567 14 upon upon IN 7960 9567 15 them -PRON- PRP 7960 9567 16 to to TO 7960 9567 17 abandon abandon VB 7960 9567 18 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9567 19 wicked wicked JJ 7960 9567 20 practice practice NN 7960 9567 21 of of IN 7960 9567 22 private private JJ 7960 9567 23 warfare warfare NN 7960 9567 24 and and CC 7960 9567 25 take take VB 7960 9567 26 up up RP 7960 9567 27 arms arm NNS 7960 9567 28 , , , 7960 9567 29 instead instead RB 7960 9567 30 , , , 7960 9567 31 against against IN 7960 9567 32 the the DT 7960 9567 33 infidel infidel NN 7960 9567 34 . . . 7960 9568 1 " " `` 7960 9568 2 Christ Christ NNP 7960 9568 3 Himself -PRON- PRP 7960 9568 4 , , , 7960 9568 5 " " '' 7960 9568 6 he -PRON- PRP 7960 9568 7 cried cry VBD 7960 9568 8 , , , 7960 9568 9 " " `` 7960 9568 10 will will MD 7960 9568 11 be be VB 7960 9568 12 your -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9568 13 leader leader NN 7960 9568 14 , , , 7960 9568 15 when when WRB 7960 9568 16 , , , 7960 9568 17 like like IN 7960 9568 18 the the DT 7960 9568 19 Israelites Israelites NNPS 7960 9568 20 of of IN 7960 9568 21 old old JJ 7960 9568 22 , , , 7960 9568 23 you -PRON- PRP 7960 9568 24 fight fight VBP 7960 9568 25 for for IN 7960 9568 26 Jerusalem Jerusalem NNP 7960 9568 27 .... .... . 7960 9568 28 Start start VB 7960 9568 29 upon upon IN 7960 9568 30 the the DT 7960 9568 31 way way NN 7960 9568 32 to to IN 7960 9568 33 the the DT 7960 9568 34 Holy Holy NNP 7960 9568 35 Sepulcher Sepulcher NNP 7960 9568 36 ; ; : 7960 9568 37 wrench wrench VB 7960 9568 38 the the DT 7960 9568 39 land land NN 7960 9568 40 from from IN 7960 9568 41 the the DT 7960 9568 42 accursed accurse VBN 7960 9568 43 race race NN 7960 9568 44 , , , 7960 9568 45 and and CC 7960 9568 46 subdue subdue VBP 7960 9568 47 it -PRON- PRP 7960 9568 48 yourselves yourself NNS 7960 9568 49 . . . 7960 9569 1 Thus thus RB 7960 9569 2 shall shall MD 7960 9569 3 you -PRON- PRP 7960 9569 4 spoil spoil VB 7960 9569 5 your -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9569 6 foes foe NNS 7960 9569 7 of of IN 7960 9569 8 their 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the DT 7960 9572 3 assembled assemble VBN 7960 9572 4 host host NN 7960 9572 5 there there RB 7960 9572 6 went go VBD 7960 9572 7 up up RP 7960 9572 8 , , , 7960 9572 9 as as IN 7960 9572 10 it -PRON- PRP 7960 9572 11 were be VBD 7960 9572 12 , , , 7960 9572 13 a a DT 7960 9572 14 single single JJ 7960 9572 15 shout shout NN 7960 9572 16 : : : 7960 9572 17 " " `` 7960 9572 18 God God NNP 7960 9572 19 wills will VBZ 7960 9572 20 it -PRON- PRP 7960 9572 21 ! ! . 7960 9573 1 God God NNP 7960 9573 2 wills will VBZ 7960 9573 3 it -PRON- PRP 7960 9573 4 ! ! . 7960 9573 5 " " '' 7960 9574 1 " " `` 7960 9574 2 It -PRON- PRP 7960 9574 3 is be VBZ 7960 9574 4 , , , 7960 9574 5 in in IN 7960 9574 6 truth truth NN 7960 9574 7 , , , 7960 9574 8 His -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9574 9 will will NN 7960 9574 10 , , , 7960 9574 11 " " '' 7960 9574 12 answered answer VBD 7960 9574 13 Urban Urban NNP 7960 9574 14 , , , 7960 9574 15 " " '' 7960 9574 16 and and CC 7960 9574 17 let let VB 7960 9574 18 these these DT 7960 9574 19 words word NNS 7960 9574 20 be be VB 7960 9574 21 your -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9574 22 war war NN 7960 9574 23 cry cry VB 7960 9574 24 when when WRB 7960 9574 25 you -PRON- PRP 7960 9574 26 unsheath unsheath VBP 7960 9574 27 your -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9574 28 swords sword NNS 7960 9574 29 against against IN 7960 9574 30 the the DT 7960 9574 31 enemy enemy NN 7960 9574 32 . . . 7960 9574 33 " " '' 7960 9575 1 Then then RB 7960 9575 2 man man NN 7960 9575 3 after after IN 7960 9575 4 man man NN 7960 9575 5 pressed press VBN 7960 9575 6 forward forward RB 7960 9575 7 to to TO 7960 9575 8 receive receive VB 7960 9575 9 the the DT 7960 9575 10 badge badge NN 7960 9575 11 of of IN 7960 9575 12 a a DT 7960 9575 13 crusader crusader NN 7960 9575 14 , , , 7960 9575 15 a a DT 7960 9575 16 cross cross NN 7960 9575 17 of of IN 7960 9575 18 red red JJ 7960 9575 19 cloth cloth NN 7960 9575 20 . . . 7960 9576 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 9576 2 5 5 CD 7960 9576 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 9576 4 It -PRON- PRP 7960 9576 5 was be VBD 7960 9576 6 to to TO 7960 9576 7 be be VB 7960 9576 8 worn wear VBN 7960 9576 9 on on IN 7960 9576 10 the the DT 7960 9576 11 breast breast NN 7960 9576 12 , , , 7960 9576 13 when when WRB 7960 9576 14 the the DT 7960 9576 15 crusader crusader NN 7960 9576 16 went go VBD 7960 9576 17 forth forth RB 7960 9576 18 , , , 7960 9576 19 and and CC 7960 9576 20 on on IN 7960 9576 21 the the DT 7960 9576 22 back back NN 7960 9576 23 , , , 7960 9576 24 when when WRB 7960 9576 25 he -PRON- PRP 7960 9576 26 returned return VBD 7960 9576 27 . . . 7960 9577 1 PRELUDE prelude RB 7960 9577 2 TO to IN 7960 9577 3 THE the DT 7960 9577 4 FIRST first NN 7960 9577 5 CRUSADE CRUSADE VBZ 7960 9577 6 The the DT 7960 9577 7 months month NNS 7960 9577 8 which which WDT 7960 9577 9 followed follow VBD 7960 9577 10 the the DT 7960 9577 11 Council Council NNP 7960 9577 12 of of IN 7960 9577 13 Clermont Clermont NNP 7960 9577 14 were be VBD 7960 9577 15 marked mark VBN 7960 9577 16 by by IN 7960 9577 17 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9580 8 large large JJ 7960 9580 9 parts part NNS 7960 9580 10 of of IN 7960 9580 11 France France NNP 7960 9580 12 with with IN 7960 9580 13 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9580 14 passionate passionate JJ 7960 9580 15 eloquence eloquence NN 7960 9580 16 , , , 7960 9580 17 as as IN 7960 9580 18 he -PRON- PRP 7960 9580 19 rode ride VBD 7960 9580 20 from from IN 7960 9580 21 town town NN 7960 9580 22 to to IN 7960 9580 23 town town NN 7960 9580 24 , , , 7960 9580 25 carrying carry VBG 7960 9580 26 a a DT 7960 9580 27 huge huge JJ 7960 9580 28 cross cross NN 7960 9580 29 before before IN 7960 9580 30 him -PRON- PRP 7960 9580 31 and and CC 7960 9580 32 preaching preach VBG 7960 9580 33 to to IN 7960 9580 34 vast vast JJ 7960 9580 35 crowds crowd NNS 7960 9580 36 . . . 7960 9581 1 Without without IN 7960 9581 2 waiting wait VBG 7960 9581 3 for for IN 7960 9581 4 the the DT 7960 9581 5 main main JJ 7960 9581 6 body body NN 7960 9581 7 of of IN 7960 9581 8 nobles noble NNS 7960 9581 9 , , , 7960 9581 10 which which WDT 7960 9581 11 was be VBD 7960 9581 12 to to TO 7960 9581 13 assemble assemble VB 7960 9581 14 at at IN 7960 9581 15 Constantinople Constantinople NNP 7960 9581 16 in in IN 7960 9581 17 the the DT 7960 9581 18 summer summer NN 7960 9581 19 of of IN 7960 9581 20 1096 1096 CD 7960 9581 21 A.D. 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NNP 7960 9581 22 , , , 7960 9581 23 a a DT 7960 9581 24 horde horde NN 7960 9581 25 of of IN 7960 9581 26 poor poor JJ 7960 9581 27 men man NNS 7960 9581 28 , , , 7960 9581 29 women woman NNS 7960 9581 30 , , , 7960 9581 31 and and CC 7960 9581 32 children child NNS 7960 9581 33 set set VBD 7960 9581 34 out out RP 7960 9581 35 , , , 7960 9581 36 unorganized unorganized JJ 7960 9581 37 and and CC 7960 9581 38 almost almost RB 7960 9581 39 unarmed unarmed JJ 7960 9581 40 , , , 7960 9581 41 on on IN 7960 9581 42 the the DT 7960 9581 43 road road NN 7960 9581 44 to to IN 7960 9581 45 the the DT 7960 9581 46 Holy Holy NNP 7960 9581 47 Land Land NNP 7960 9581 48 . . . 7960 9582 1 One one CD 7960 9582 2 of of IN 7960 9582 3 these these DT 7960 9582 4 crusading crusading NN 7960 9582 5 bands band NNS 7960 9582 6 , , , 7960 9582 7 led lead VBN 7960 9582 8 by by IN 7960 9582 9 Peter Peter NNP 7960 9582 10 the the DT 7960 9582 11 Hermit Hermit NNP 7960 9582 12 , , , 7960 9582 13 managed manage VBD 7960 9582 14 to to TO 7960 9582 15 reach reach VB 7960 9582 16 Constantinople Constantinople NNP 7960 9582 17 , , , 7960 9582 18 after after IN 7960 9582 19 suffering suffer VBG 7960 9582 20 terrible terrible JJ 7960 9582 21 hardships hardship NNS 7960 9582 22 . . . 7960 9583 1 The the DT 7960 9583 2 emperor emperor NN 7960 9583 3 Alexius Alexius NNP 7960 9583 4 sent send VBD 7960 9583 5 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9583 6 ragged ragged JJ 7960 9583 7 allies ally NNS 7960 9583 8 as as RB 7960 9583 9 quickly quickly RB 7960 9583 10 as as IN 7960 9583 11 possible possible JJ 7960 9583 12 to to IN 7960 9583 13 Asia Asia NNP 7960 9583 14 Minor Minor NNP 7960 9583 15 , , , 7960 9583 16 where where WRB 7960 9583 17 most most JJS 7960 9583 18 of of IN 7960 9583 19 them -PRON- PRP 7960 9583 20 were be VBD 7960 9583 21 slaughtered slaughter VBN 7960 9583 22 by by IN 7960 9583 23 the the DT 7960 9583 24 Turks Turks NNPS 7960 9583 25 . . . 7960 9584 1 THE the DT 7960 9584 2 MAIN main JJ 7960 9584 3 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7960 9594 4 after after IN 7960 9594 5 a a DT 7960 9594 6 siege siege NN 7960 9594 7 of of IN 7960 9594 8 seven seven CD 7960 9594 9 months month NNS 7960 9594 10 , , , 7960 9594 11 but but CC 7960 9594 12 the the DT 7960 9594 13 crusaders crusader NNS 7960 9594 14 were be VBD 7960 9594 15 scarcely scarcely RB 7960 9594 16 within within IN 7960 9594 17 the the DT 7960 9594 18 walls wall NNS 7960 9594 19 before before IN 7960 9594 20 they -PRON- PRP 7960 9594 21 found find VBD 7960 9594 22 themselves -PRON- PRP 7960 9594 23 besieged besiege VBN 7960 9594 24 by by IN 7960 9594 25 a a DT 7960 9594 26 large large JJ 7960 9594 27 Turkish turkish JJ 7960 9594 28 army army NN 7960 9594 29 . . . 7960 9595 1 The the DT 7960 9595 2 crusaders crusader NNS 7960 9595 3 were be VBD 7960 9595 4 now now RB 7960 9595 5 in in IN 7960 9595 6 a a DT 7960 9595 7 desperate desperate JJ 7960 9595 8 plight plight NN 7960 9595 9 : : : 7960 9595 10 famine famine NN 7960 9595 11 wasted waste VBD 7960 9595 12 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9595 13 ranks rank NNS 7960 9595 14 ; ; : 7960 9595 15 many many JJ 7960 9595 16 soldiers soldier NNS 7960 9595 17 deserted desert VBD 7960 9595 18 ; ; : 7960 9595 19 and and CC 7960 9595 20 Alexius Alexius NNP 7960 9595 21 disappointed disappoint VBD 7960 9595 22 all all DT 7960 9595 23 hope hope NN 7960 9595 24 of of IN 7960 9595 25 rescue rescue NN 7960 9595 26 . . . 7960 9596 1 But but CC 7960 9596 2 the the DT 7960 9596 3 news news NN 7960 9596 4 of of IN 7960 9596 5 the the DT 7960 9596 6 discovery discovery NN 7960 9596 7 in in IN 7960 9596 8 an an DT 7960 9596 9 Antioch Antioch NNP 7960 9596 10 church church NN 7960 9596 11 of of IN 7960 9596 12 the the DT 7960 9596 13 Holy Holy NNP 7960 9596 14 Lance Lance NNP 7960 9596 15 which which WDT 7960 9596 16 had have VBD 7960 9596 17 pierced pierce VBN 7960 9596 18 the the DT 7960 9596 19 Savior Savior NNP 7960 9596 20 's 's POS 7960 9596 21 side side NN 7960 9596 22 restored restore VBD 7960 9596 23 their 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7960 9608 7 crusaders crusader NNS 7960 9608 8 massacred massacre VBD 7960 9608 9 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9608 10 enemies enemy NNS 7960 9608 11 without without IN 7960 9608 12 mercy mercy NN 7960 9608 13 . . . 7960 9609 1 Afterwards afterwards RB 7960 9609 2 , , , 7960 9609 3 we -PRON- PRP 7960 9609 4 are be VBP 7960 9609 5 told tell VBN 7960 9609 6 , , , 7960 9609 7 they -PRON- PRP 7960 9609 8 went go VBD 7960 9609 9 " " `` 7960 9609 10 rejoicing rejoice VBG 7960 9609 11 , , , 7960 9609 12 nay nay NN 7960 9609 13 for for IN 7960 9609 14 excess excess NN 7960 9609 15 of of IN 7960 9609 16 joy joy NN 7960 9609 17 weeping weeping NN 7960 9609 18 , , , 7960 9609 19 to to IN 7960 9609 20 the the DT 7960 9609 21 tomb tomb NN 7960 9609 22 of of IN 7960 9609 23 our -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9609 24 Savior Savior NNP 7960 9609 25 to to TO 7960 9609 26 adore adore VB 7960 9609 27 and and CC 7960 9609 28 give give VB 7960 9609 29 thanks thank NNS 7960 9609 30 . . . 7960 9609 31 " " '' 7960 9610 1 171 171 CD 7960 9610 2 . . . 7960 9611 1 CRUSADERS crusader NNS 7960 9611 2 ' ' POS 7960 9611 3 STATES state NNS 7960 9611 4 IN in IN 7960 9611 5 SYRIA SYRIA NNP 7960 9611 6 LATIN latin JJ 7960 9611 7 KINGDOM KINGDOM NNS 7960 9611 8 OF of IN 7960 9611 9 JERUSALEM JERUSALEM NNP 7960 9611 10 After after IN 7960 9611 11 the the DT 7960 9611 12 capture capture NN 7960 9611 13 of of IN 7960 9611 14 Jerusalem Jerusalem NNP 7960 9611 15 the the DT 7960 9611 16 crusaders crusader NNS 7960 9611 17 met meet VBD 7960 9611 18 to to TO 7960 9611 19 elect elect VB 7960 9611 20 a a DT 7960 9611 21 king king NN 7960 9611 22 . . . 7960 9612 1 Their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9612 2 choice choice NN 7960 9612 3 fell fall VBD 7960 9612 4 upon upon IN 7960 9612 5 Godfrey Godfrey NNP 7960 9612 6 of of IN 7960 9612 7 Bouillon Bouillon NNP 7960 9612 8 . . . 7960 9613 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 9613 2 refused refuse VBD 7960 9613 3 to to TO 7960 9613 4 wear wear VB 7960 9613 5 a a DT 7960 9613 6 crown crown NN 7960 9613 7 of of IN 7960 9613 8 gold gold NN 7960 9613 9 in in IN 7960 9613 10 the the DT 7960 9613 11 city city NN 7960 9613 12 where where WRB 7960 9613 13 Christ Christ NNP 7960 9613 14 had have VBD 7960 9613 15 worn wear VBN 7960 9613 16 a a DT 7960 9613 17 crown crown NN 7960 9613 18 of of IN 7960 9613 19 thorns thorn NNS 7960 9613 20 and and CC 7960 9613 21 accepted accept VBN 7960 9613 22 , , , 7960 9613 23 instead instead RB 7960 9613 24 , , , 7960 9613 25 the the DT 7960 9613 26 modest modest JJ 7960 9613 27 title title NN 7960 9613 28 of of IN 7960 9613 29 " " `` 7960 9613 30 Protector Protector NNP 7960 9613 31 of of IN 7960 9613 32 the the DT 7960 9613 33 Holy Holy NNP 7960 9613 34 Sepulcher Sepulcher NNP 7960 9613 35 . . . 7960 9613 36 " " '' 7960 9614 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 9614 2 8 8 CD 7960 9614 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 9614 4 Godfrey Godfrey NNP 7960 9614 5 died die VBD 7960 9614 6 the the DT 7960 9614 7 next next JJ 7960 9614 8 year year NN 7960 9614 9 and and CC 7960 9614 10 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9614 11 brother brother NN 7960 9614 12 Baldwin Baldwin NNP 7960 9614 13 , , , 7960 9614 14 who who WP 7960 9614 15 succeeded succeed VBD 7960 9614 16 him -PRON- PRP 7960 9614 17 , , , 7960 9614 18 being be VBG 7960 9614 19 less less RBR 7960 9614 20 scrupulous scrupulous JJ 7960 9614 21 , , , 7960 9614 22 was be VBD 7960 9614 23 crowned crown VBN 7960 9614 24 king king NN 7960 9614 25 at at IN 7960 9614 26 Bethlehem Bethlehem NNP 7960 9614 27 . . . 7960 9615 1 The the DT 7960 9615 2 new new JJ 7960 9615 3 kingdom kingdom NN 7960 9615 4 contained contain VBD 7960 9615 5 nearly nearly RB 7960 9615 6 a a DT 7960 9615 7 score score NN 7960 9615 8 of of IN 7960 9615 9 fiefs fiefs NN 7960 9615 10 , , , 7960 9615 11 whose whose WP$ 7960 9615 12 lords lord NNS 7960 9615 13 made make VBD 7960 9615 14 war war NN 7960 9615 15 , , , 7960 9615 16 administered administer VBN 7960 9615 17 justice justice NN 7960 9615 18 , , , 7960 9615 19 and and CC 7960 9615 20 coined coin VBD 7960 9615 21 money money NN 7960 9615 22 , , , 7960 9615 23 like like IN 7960 9615 24 independent independent JJ 7960 9615 25 rulers ruler NNS 7960 9615 26 . . . 7960 9616 1 The the DT 7960 9616 2 main main JJ 7960 9616 3 features feature NNS 7960 9616 4 of of IN 7960 9616 5 European european JJ 7960 9616 6 feudalism feudalism NN 7960 9616 7 were be VBD 7960 9616 8 thus thus RB 7960 9616 9 transplanted transplant VBN 7960 9616 10 to to IN 7960 9616 11 Asiatic asiatic JJ 7960 9616 12 soil soil NN 7960 9616 13 . . . 7960 9617 1 OTHER other JJ 7960 9617 2 CRUSADERS crusader NNS 7960 9617 3 ' ' POS 7960 9617 4 STATES state NNS 7960 9617 5 The the DT 7960 9617 6 winning winning NN 7960 9617 7 of of IN 7960 9617 8 Jerusalem Jerusalem NNP 7960 9617 9 and and CC 7960 9617 10 the the DT 7960 9617 11 district district NN 7960 9617 12 about about IN 7960 9617 13 it -PRON- PRP 7960 9617 14 formed form VBD 7960 9617 15 hardly hardly RB 7960 9617 16 more more JJR 7960 9617 17 than than IN 7960 9617 18 a a DT 7960 9617 19 preliminary preliminary JJ 7960 9617 20 stage stage NN 7960 9617 21 in in IN 7960 9617 22 the the DT 7960 9617 23 conquest conquest NN 7960 9617 24 of of IN 7960 9617 25 Syria Syria NNP 7960 9617 26 . . . 7960 9618 1 Much much JJ 7960 9618 2 fighting fighting NN 7960 9618 3 was be VBD 7960 9618 4 still still RB 7960 9618 5 necessary necessary JJ 7960 9618 6 before before IN 7960 9618 7 the the DT 7960 9618 8 crusaders crusader NNS 7960 9618 9 could could MD 7960 9618 10 establish establish VB 7960 9618 11 themselves -PRON- PRP 7960 9618 12 firmly firmly RB 7960 9618 13 in in IN 7960 9618 14 the the DT 7960 9618 15 country country NN 7960 9618 16 . . . 7960 9619 1 Instead instead RB 7960 9619 2 of of IN 7960 9619 3 founding found VBG 7960 9619 4 one one CD 7960 9619 5 strong strong JJ 7960 9619 6 power power NN 7960 9619 7 in in IN 7960 9619 8 Syria Syria NNP 7960 9619 9 , , , 7960 9619 10 they -PRON- PRP 7960 9619 11 split split VBD 7960 9619 12 up up RP 7960 9619 13 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9619 14 possessions possession NNS 7960 9619 15 into into IN 7960 9619 16 the the DT 7960 9619 17 three three CD 7960 9619 18 principalities principality NNS 7960 9619 19 of of IN 7960 9619 20 Tripoli Tripoli NNP 7960 9619 21 , , , 7960 9619 22 Antioch Antioch NNP 7960 9619 23 , , , 7960 9619 24 and and CC 7960 9619 25 Edessa Edessa NNP 7960 9619 26 . . . 7960 9620 1 These these DT 7960 9620 2 small small JJ 7960 9620 3 states state NNS 7960 9620 4 owed owe VBD 7960 9620 5 allegiance allegiance NN 7960 9620 6 to to IN 7960 9620 7 the the DT 7960 9620 8 Latin Latin NNP 7960 9620 9 Kingdom Kingdom NNP 7960 9620 10 of of IN 7960 9620 11 Jerusalem Jerusalem NNP 7960 9620 12 . . . 7960 9621 1 MILITARY MILITARY NNP 7960 9621 2 - - HYPH 7960 9621 3 RELIGIOUS religious NN 7960 9621 4 ORDERS order NNS 7960 9621 5 The the DT 7960 9621 6 ability ability NN 7960 9621 7 of of IN 7960 9621 8 the the DT 7960 9621 9 crusaders crusader NNS 7960 9621 10 ' ' POS 7960 9621 11 states state NNS 7960 9621 12 to to TO 7960 9621 13 maintain maintain VB 7960 9621 14 themselves -PRON- PRP 7960 9621 15 for for IN 7960 9621 16 many many JJ 7960 9621 17 years year NNS 7960 9621 18 in in IN 7960 9621 19 Syria Syria NNP 7960 9621 20 was be VBD 7960 9621 21 largely largely RB 7960 9621 22 due due JJ 7960 9621 23 to to IN 7960 9621 24 the the DT 7960 9621 25 foundation foundation NN 7960 9621 26 of of IN 7960 9621 27 two two CD 7960 9621 28 military military JJ 7960 9621 29 - - HYPH 7960 9621 30 religious religious JJ 7960 9621 31 orders order NNS 7960 9621 32 . . . 7960 9622 1 The the DT 7960 9622 2 members member NNS 7960 9622 3 were be VBD 7960 9622 4 both both DT 7960 9622 5 monks monk NNS 7960 9622 6 and and CC 7960 9622 7 knights knight NNS 7960 9622 8 ; ; : 7960 9622 9 that that RB 7960 9622 10 is is RB 7960 9622 11 , , , 7960 9622 12 to to IN 7960 9622 13 the the DT 7960 9622 14 monastic monastic JJ 7960 9622 15 vows vow NNS 7960 9622 16 of of IN 7960 9622 17 chastity chastity NN 7960 9622 18 , , , 7960 9622 19 poverty poverty NN 7960 9622 20 , , , 7960 9622 21 and and CC 7960 9622 22 obedience obedience NN 7960 9622 23 they -PRON- PRP 7960 9622 24 added add VBD 7960 9622 25 a a DT 7960 9622 26 fourth fourth JJ 7960 9622 27 vow vow NN 7960 9622 28 , , , 7960 9622 29 which which WDT 7960 9622 30 bound bind VBD 7960 9622 31 them -PRON- PRP 7960 9622 32 to to TO 7960 9622 33 protect protect VB 7960 9622 34 pilgrims pilgrim NNS 7960 9622 35 and and CC 7960 9622 36 fight fight VB 7960 9622 37 the the DT 7960 9622 38 infidels infidel NNS 7960 9622 39 . . . 7960 9623 1 Such such PDT 7960 9623 2 a a DT 7960 9623 3 combination combination NN 7960 9623 4 of of IN 7960 9623 5 religion religion NN 7960 9623 6 and and CC 7960 9623 7 warfare warfare NN 7960 9623 8 made make VBD 7960 9623 9 a a DT 7960 9623 10 strong strong JJ 7960 9623 11 appeal appeal NN 7960 9623 12 to to IN 7960 9623 13 the the DT 7960 9623 14 medieval medieval JJ 7960 9623 15 mind mind NN 7960 9623 16 . . . 7960 9624 1 HOSPITALERS hospitaler NNS 7960 9624 2 AND and CC 7960 9624 3 TEMPLARS templars NN 7960 9624 4 The the DT 7960 9624 5 Hospitalers hospitaler NNS 7960 9624 6 , , , 7960 9624 7 the the DT 7960 9624 8 first first JJ 7960 9624 9 of of IN 7960 9624 10 these these DT 7960 9624 11 orders order NNS 7960 9624 12 , , , 7960 9624 13 grew grow VBD 7960 9624 14 out out IN 7960 9624 15 of of IN 7960 9624 16 a a DT 7960 9624 17 brotherhood brotherhood NN 7960 9624 18 for for IN 7960 9624 19 the the DT 7960 9624 20 care care NN 7960 9624 21 of of IN 7960 9624 22 sick sick JJ 7960 9624 23 pilgrims pilgrim NNS 7960 9624 24 in in IN 7960 9624 25 a a DT 7960 9624 26 hospital hospital NN 7960 9624 27 at at IN 7960 9624 28 Jerusalem Jerusalem NNP 7960 9624 29 . . . 7960 9625 1 Many many JJ 7960 9625 2 knights knight NNS 7960 9625 3 joined join VBD 7960 9625 4 the the DT 7960 9625 5 organization organization NN 7960 9625 6 , , , 7960 9625 7 which which WDT 7960 9625 8 soon soon RB 7960 9625 9 proved prove VBD 7960 9625 10 to to TO 7960 9625 11 be be VB 7960 9625 12 very very RB 7960 9625 13 useful useful JJ 7960 9625 14 in in IN 7960 9625 15 defending defend VBG 7960 9625 16 the the DT 7960 9625 17 Holy Holy NNP 7960 9625 18 Land Land NNP 7960 9625 19 . . . 7960 9626 1 Even even RB 7960 9626 2 more more RBR 7960 9626 3 important important JJ 7960 9626 4 were be VBD 7960 9626 5 the the DT 7960 9626 6 Templars Templars NNPS 7960 9626 7 , , , 7960 9626 8 so so RB 7960 9626 9 called call VBD 7960 9626 10 because because IN 7960 9626 11 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9626 12 headquarters headquarters NN 7960 9626 13 in in IN 7960 9626 14 Jerusalem Jerusalem NNP 7960 9626 15 lay lie VBD 7960 9626 16 near near IN 7960 9626 17 the the DT 7960 9626 18 site site NN 7960 9626 19 of of IN 7960 9626 20 Solomon Solomon NNP 7960 9626 21 's 's POS 7960 9626 22 Temple Temple NNP 7960 9626 23 . . . 7960 9627 1 Both both DT 7960 9627 2 orders order NNS 7960 9627 3 built build VBD 7960 9627 4 many many JJ 7960 9627 5 castles castle NNS 7960 9627 6 in in IN 7960 9627 7 Syria Syria NNP 7960 9627 8 , , , 7960 9627 9 the the DT 7960 9627 10 remains remain NNS 7960 9627 11 of of IN 7960 9627 12 which which WDT 7960 9627 13 still still RB 7960 9627 14 impress impress VBP 7960 9627 15 the the DT 7960 9627 16 beholder beholder NN 7960 9627 17 . . . 7960 9628 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 9628 2 established establish VBD 7960 9628 3 numerous numerous JJ 7960 9628 4 branches branch NNS 7960 9628 5 in in IN 7960 9628 6 Europe Europe NNP 7960 9628 7 and and CC 7960 9628 8 , , , 7960 9628 9 by by IN 7960 9628 10 presents present NNS 7960 9628 11 and and CC 7960 9628 12 legacies legacy NNS 7960 9628 13 , , , 7960 9628 14 acquired acquire VBD 7960 9628 15 vast vast JJ 7960 9628 16 wealth wealth NN 7960 9628 17 . . . 7960 9629 1 The the DT 7960 9629 2 Templars templar NNS 7960 9629 3 were be VBD 7960 9629 4 disbanded disband VBN 7960 9629 5 in in IN 7960 9629 6 the the DT 7960 9629 7 fourteenth fourteenth JJ 7960 9629 8 century century NN 7960 9629 9 , , , 7960 9629 10 but but CC 7960 9629 11 the the DT 7960 9629 12 Hospitalers hospitaler NNS 7960 9629 13 continued continue VBD 7960 9629 14 to to TO 7960 9629 15 fight fight VB 7960 9629 16 valiantly valiantly RB 7960 9629 17 against against IN 7960 9629 18 the the DT 7960 9629 19 Turks Turks NNPS 7960 9629 20 long long RB 7960 9629 21 after after IN 7960 9629 22 the the DT 7960 9629 23 close close NN 7960 9629 24 of of IN 7960 9629 25 the the DT 7960 9629 26 crusading crusading NN 7960 9629 27 movement movement NN 7960 9629 28 . . . 7960 9630 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 9630 2 9 9 CD 7960 9630 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 9630 4 [ [ -LRB- 7960 9630 5 Illustration illustration NN 7960 9630 6 : : : 7960 9630 7 EFFIGY effigy NN 7960 9630 8 OF of IN 7960 9630 9 A a DT 7960 9630 10 KNIGHT KNIGHT NNP 7960 9630 11 TEMPLAR TEMPLAR NNP 7960 9630 12 Temple Temple NNP 7960 9630 13 Church Church NNP 7960 9630 14 , , , 7960 9630 15 London London NNP 7960 9630 16 . . . 7960 9631 1 Shows show VBZ 7960 9631 2 the the DT 7960 9631 3 kind kind NN 7960 9631 4 of of IN 7960 9631 5 armor armor NN 7960 9631 6 worn wear VBN 7960 9631 7 between between IN 7960 9631 8 1190 1190 CD 7960 9631 9 and and CC 7960 9631 10 1225 1225 CD 7960 9631 11 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 9631 12 ] ] -RRB- 7960 9631 13 CHRISTIAN CHRISTIAN NNP 7960 9631 14 AND and CC 7960 9631 15 INFIDEL INFIDEL NNP 7960 9631 16 IN in IN 7960 9631 17 THE the DT 7960 9631 18 HOLY HOLY NNP 7960 9631 19 LAND land NN 7960 9631 20 The the DT 7960 9631 21 depleted deplete VBN 7960 9631 22 ranks rank NNS 7960 9631 23 of of IN 7960 9631 24 the the DT 7960 9631 25 crusaders crusader NNS 7960 9631 26 were be VBD 7960 9631 27 constantly constantly RB 7960 9631 28 filled fill VBN 7960 9631 29 by by IN 7960 9631 30 fresh fresh JJ 7960 9631 31 bands band NNS 7960 9631 32 of of IN 7960 9631 33 pilgrim pilgrim JJ 7960 9631 34 knights knight NNS 7960 9631 35 who who WP 7960 9631 36 visited visit VBD 7960 9631 37 Palestine Palestine NNP 7960 9631 38 to to TO 7960 9631 39 pray pray VB 7960 9631 40 at at IN 7960 9631 41 the the DT 7960 9631 42 Holy Holy NNP 7960 9631 43 Sepulcher Sepulcher NNP 7960 9631 44 and and CC 7960 9631 45 cross cross VB 7960 9631 46 swords sword NNS 7960 9631 47 with with IN 7960 9631 48 the the DT 7960 9631 49 infidel infidel NN 7960 9631 50 . . . 7960 9632 1 In in IN 7960 9632 2 spite spite NN 7960 9632 3 of of IN 7960 9632 4 constant constant JJ 7960 9632 5 border border NN 7960 9632 6 warfare warfare NN 7960 9632 7 much much JJ 7960 9632 8 trade trade NN 7960 9632 9 and and CC 7960 9632 10 friendly friendly JJ 7960 9632 11 intercourse intercourse NN 7960 9632 12 prevailed prevail VBD 7960 9632 13 between between IN 7960 9632 14 Christians Christians NNPS 7960 9632 15 and and CC 7960 9632 16 Moslems Moslems NNPS 7960 9632 17 . . . 7960 9633 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 9633 2 learned learn VBD 7960 9633 3 to to TO 7960 9633 4 respect respect VB 7960 9633 5 one one CD 7960 9633 6 another another DT 7960 9633 7 both both DT 7960 9633 8 as as IN 7960 9633 9 foes foe NNS 7960 9633 10 and and CC 7960 9633 11 neighbors neighbor NNS 7960 9633 12 . . . 7960 9634 1 The the DT 7960 9634 2 crusaders crusader NNS 7960 9634 3 ' ' POS 7960 9634 4 states state NNS 7960 9634 5 in in IN 7960 9634 6 Syria Syria NNP 7960 9634 7 became become VBD 7960 9634 8 , , , 7960 9634 9 like like IN 7960 9634 10 Spain Spain NNP 7960 9634 11 [ [ -LRB- 7960 9634 12 10 10 CD 7960 9634 13 ] ] -RRB- 7960 9634 14 and and CC 7960 9634 15 Sicily Sicily NNP 7960 9634 16 , , , 7960 9634 17 [ [ -LRB- 7960 9634 18 11 11 CD 7960 9634 19 ] ] -RRB- 7960 9634 20 a a DT 7960 9634 21 meeting meeting NN 7960 9634 22 - - HYPH 7960 9634 23 place place NN 7960 9634 24 of of IN 7960 9634 25 East East NNP 7960 9634 26 and and CC 7960 9634 27 West West NNP 7960 9634 28 . . . 7960 9635 1 172 172 CD 7960 9635 2 . . . 7960 9636 1 SECOND second JJ 7960 9636 2 CRUSADE CRUSADE NNP 7960 9636 3 , , , 7960 9636 4 1147 1147 CD 7960 9636 5 - - SYM 7960 9636 6 1149 1149 CD 7960 9636 7 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 9636 8 , , , 7960 9636 9 AND and CC 7960 9636 10 THIRD THIRD NNP 7960 9636 11 CRUSADE CRUSADE NNS 7960 9636 12 , , , 7960 9636 13 1189 1189 CD 7960 9636 14 - - SYM 7960 9636 15 1192 1192 CD 7960 9636 16 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 9637 1 ORIGIN ORIGIN NNS 7960 9637 2 OF of IN 7960 9637 3 THE the DT 7960 9637 4 SECOND second JJ 7960 9637 5 CRUSADE CRUSADE NNS 7960 9637 6 The the DT 7960 9637 7 success success NN 7960 9637 8 of of IN 7960 9637 9 the the DT 7960 9637 10 Christians Christians NNPS 7960 9637 11 in in IN 7960 9637 12 the the DT 7960 9637 13 First First NNP 7960 9637 14 Crusade Crusade NNP 7960 9637 15 had have VBD 7960 9637 16 been be VBN 7960 9637 17 largely largely RB 7960 9637 18 due due JJ 7960 9637 19 to to IN 7960 9637 20 the the DT 7960 9637 21 disunion disunion NN 7960 9637 22 among among IN 7960 9637 23 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9637 24 enemies enemy NNS 7960 9637 25 . . . 7960 9638 1 But but CC 7960 9638 2 the the DT 7960 9638 3 Moslems Moslems NNPS 7960 9638 4 learned learn VBD 7960 9638 5 in in IN 7960 9638 6 time time NN 7960 9638 7 the the DT 7960 9638 8 value value NN 7960 9638 9 of of IN 7960 9638 10 united united NNP 7960 9638 11 action action NN 7960 9638 12 , , , 7960 9638 13 and and CC 7960 9638 14 in in IN 7960 9638 15 1144 1144 CD 7960 9638 16 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 9638 17 succeeded succeed VBN 7960 9638 18 in in IN 7960 9638 19 capturing capture VBG 7960 9638 20 Edessa Edessa NNP 7960 9638 21 , , , 7960 9638 22 one one CD 7960 9638 23 of of IN 7960 9638 24 the the DT 7960 9638 25 principal principal JJ 7960 9638 26 Christian christian JJ 7960 9638 27 outposts outpost NNS 7960 9638 28 in in IN 7960 9638 29 the the DT 7960 9638 30 East East NNP 7960 9638 31 . . . 7960 9639 1 The the DT 7960 9639 2 fall fall NN 7960 9639 3 of of IN 7960 9639 4 the the DT 7960 9639 5 city city NN 7960 9639 6 , , , 7960 9639 7 followed follow VBN 7960 9639 8 by by IN 7960 9639 9 the the DT 7960 9639 10 loss loss NN 7960 9639 11 of of IN 7960 9639 12 the the DT 7960 9639 13 entire entire JJ 7960 9639 14 county county NN 7960 9639 15 of of IN 7960 9639 16 Edessa Edessa NNP 7960 9639 17 , , , 7960 9639 18 aroused arouse VBD 7960 9639 19 western western JJ 7960 9639 20 Europe Europe NNP 7960 9639 21 to to IN 7960 9639 22 the the DT 7960 9639 23 danger danger NN 7960 9639 24 which which WDT 7960 9639 25 threatened threaten VBD 7960 9639 26 the the DT 7960 9639 27 Latin Latin NNP 7960 9639 28 Kingdom Kingdom NNP 7960 9639 29 of of IN 7960 9639 30 Jerusalem Jerusalem NNP 7960 9639 31 and and CC 7960 9639 32 led lead VBD 7960 9639 33 to to IN 7960 9639 34 another another DT 7960 9639 35 crusading crusade VBG 7960 9639 36 enterprise enterprise NN 7960 9639 37 . . . 7960 9640 1 PREACHING PREACHING NNP 7960 9640 2 OF of IN 7960 9640 3 ST ST NNP 7960 9640 4 . . . 7960 9640 5 BERNARD BERNARD NNP 7960 9640 6 The the DT 7960 9640 7 apostle apostle NN 7960 9640 8 of of IN 7960 9640 9 the the DT 7960 9640 10 Second Second NNP 7960 9640 11 Crusade Crusade NNP 7960 9640 12 was be VBD 7960 9640 13 the the DT 7960 9640 14 great great JJ 7960 9640 15 abbot abbot NN 7960 9640 16 of of IN 7960 9640 17 Clairvaux Clairvaux NNP 7960 9640 18 , , , 7960 9640 19 St. St. NNP 7960 9640 20 Bernard Bernard NNP 7960 9640 21 . . . 7960 9641 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 9641 2 12 12 CD 7960 9641 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 9641 4 Scenes Scenes NNPS 7960 9641 5 of of IN 7960 9641 6 the the DT 7960 9641 7 wildest wild JJS 7960 9641 8 enthusiasm enthusiasm NN 7960 9641 9 marked mark VBD 7960 9641 10 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9641 11 preaching preaching NN 7960 9641 12 . . . 7960 9642 1 When when WRB 7960 9642 2 the the DT 7960 9642 3 churches church NNS 7960 9642 4 were be VBD 7960 9642 5 not not RB 7960 9642 6 large large JJ 7960 9642 7 enough enough RB 7960 9642 8 to to TO 7960 9642 9 hold hold VB 7960 9642 10 the the DT 7960 9642 11 crowds crowd NNS 7960 9642 12 which which WDT 7960 9642 13 flocked flock VBD 7960 9642 14 to to TO 7960 9642 15 hear hear VB 7960 9642 16 him -PRON- PRP 7960 9642 17 , , , 7960 9642 18 he -PRON- PRP 7960 9642 19 spoke speak VBD 7960 9642 20 from from IN 7960 9642 21 platforms platform NNS 7960 9642 22 erected erect VBN 7960 9642 23 in in IN 7960 9642 24 the the DT 7960 9642 25 fields field NNS 7960 9642 26 . . . 7960 9643 1 St. St. NNP 7960 9643 2 Bernard Bernard NNP 7960 9643 3 's 's POS 7960 9643 4 eloquence eloquence NN 7960 9643 5 induced induce VBD 7960 9643 6 two two CD 7960 9643 7 monarchs monarch NNS 7960 9643 8 , , , 7960 9643 9 Louis Louis NNP 7960 9643 10 VII VII NNP 7960 9643 11 of of IN 7960 9643 12 France France NNP 7960 9643 13 and and CC 7960 9643 14 Conrad Conrad NNP 7960 9643 15 III III NNP 7960 9643 16 of of IN 7960 9643 17 Germany Germany NNP 7960 9643 18 , , , 7960 9643 19 to to TO 7960 9643 20 take take VB 7960 9643 21 the the DT 7960 9643 22 blood blood NN 7960 9643 23 - - HYPH 7960 9643 24 red red JJ 7960 9643 25 cross cross NN 7960 9643 26 of of IN 7960 9643 27 a a DT 7960 9643 28 crusader crusader NN 7960 9643 29 . . . 7960 9644 1 FAILURE failure IN 7960 9644 2 OF of IN 7960 9644 3 THE the DT 7960 9644 4 SECOND second JJ 7960 9644 5 CRUSADE CRUSADE NNS 7960 9644 6 The the DT 7960 9644 7 Second Second NNP 7960 9644 8 Crusade Crusade NNP 7960 9644 9 , , , 7960 9644 10 though though IN 7960 9644 11 begun begin VBN 7960 9644 12 under under IN 7960 9644 13 the the DT 7960 9644 14 most most RBS 7960 9644 15 favorable favorable JJ 7960 9644 16 auspices auspex NNS 7960 9644 17 , , , 7960 9644 18 had have VBD 7960 9644 19 an an DT 7960 9644 20 unhappy unhappy JJ 7960 9644 21 ending ending NN 7960 9644 22 . . . 7960 9645 1 Of of IN 7960 9645 2 the the DT 7960 9645 3 great great JJ 7960 9645 4 host host NN 7960 9645 5 that that WDT 7960 9645 6 set set VBD 7960 9645 7 out out RP 7960 9645 8 from from IN 7960 9645 9 Europe Europe NNP 7960 9645 10 , , , 7960 9645 11 only only RB 7960 9645 12 a a DT 7960 9645 13 few few JJ 7960 9645 14 thousands thousand NNS 7960 9645 15 escaped escape VBD 7960 9645 16 annihilation annihilation NN 7960 9645 17 in in IN 7960 9645 18 Asia Asia NNP 7960 9645 19 Minor Minor NNP 7960 9645 20 at at IN 7960 9645 21 the the DT 7960 9645 22 hands hand NNS 7960 9645 23 of of IN 7960 9645 24 the the DT 7960 9645 25 Turks Turks NNPS 7960 9645 26 . . . 7960 9646 1 Louis Louis NNP 7960 9646 2 and and CC 7960 9646 3 Conrad Conrad NNP 7960 9646 4 , , , 7960 9646 5 with with IN 7960 9646 6 the the DT 7960 9646 7 remnants remnant NNS 7960 9646 8 of of IN 7960 9646 9 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9646 10 armies army NNS 7960 9646 11 , , , 7960 9646 12 made make VBD 7960 9646 13 a a DT 7960 9646 14 joint joint JJ 7960 9646 15 attack attack NN 7960 9646 16 on on IN 7960 9646 17 Damascus Damascus NNP 7960 9646 18 , , , 7960 9646 19 but but CC 7960 9646 20 had have VBD 7960 9646 21 to to TO 7960 9646 22 raise raise VB 7960 9646 23 the the DT 7960 9646 24 siege siege NN 7960 9646 25 after after IN 7960 9646 26 a a DT 7960 9646 27 few few JJ 7960 9646 28 days day NNS 7960 9646 29 . . . 7960 9647 1 This this DT 7960 9647 2 closed close VBD 7960 9647 3 the the DT 7960 9647 4 crusade crusade NN 7960 9647 5 . . . 7960 9648 1 As as IN 7960 9648 2 a a DT 7960 9648 3 chronicler chronicler NN 7960 9648 4 of of IN 7960 9648 5 the the DT 7960 9648 6 expedition expedition NN 7960 9648 7 remarked remark VBD 7960 9648 8 , , , 7960 9648 9 " " '' 7960 9648 10 having have VBG 7960 9648 11 practically practically RB 7960 9648 12 accomplished accomplish VBN 7960 9648 13 nothing nothing NN 7960 9648 14 , , , 7960 9648 15 the the DT 7960 9648 16 inglorious inglorious JJ 7960 9648 17 ones one NNS 7960 9648 18 returned return VBN 7960 9648 19 home home RB 7960 9648 20 . . . 7960 9648 21 " " '' 7960 9649 1 SALADIN saladin JJ 7960 9649 2 Not not RB 7960 9649 3 many many JJ 7960 9649 4 years year NNS 7960 9649 5 after after IN 7960 9649 6 the the DT 7960 9649 7 Second Second NNP 7960 9649 8 Crusade Crusade NNP 7960 9649 9 , , , 7960 9649 10 the the DT 7960 9649 11 Moslem Moslem NNP 7960 9649 12 world world NN 7960 9649 13 found find VBD 7960 9649 14 in in IN 7960 9649 15 the the DT 7960 9649 16 famous famous JJ 7960 9649 17 Saladin Saladin NNP 7960 9649 18 a a DT 7960 9649 19 leader leader NN 7960 9649 20 for for IN 7960 9649 21 a a DT 7960 9649 22 holy holy JJ 7960 9649 23 war war NN 7960 9649 24 against against IN 7960 9649 25 the the DT 7960 9649 26 Christians Christians NNPS 7960 9649 27 . . . 7960 9650 1 Saladin Saladin NNP 7960 9650 2 in in IN 7960 9650 3 character character NN 7960 9650 4 was be VBD 7960 9650 5 a a DT 7960 9650 6 typical typical JJ 7960 9650 7 Mohammedan Mohammedan NNP 7960 9650 8 , , , 7960 9650 9 very very RB 7960 9650 10 devout devout JJ 7960 9650 11 in in IN 7960 9650 12 prayers prayer NNS 7960 9650 13 and and CC 7960 9650 14 fasting fast VBG 7960 9650 15 , , , 7960 9650 16 fiercely fiercely RB 7960 9650 17 hostile hostile JJ 7960 9650 18 toward toward IN 7960 9650 19 unbelievers unbeliever NNS 7960 9650 20 , , , 7960 9650 21 and and CC 7960 9650 22 full full JJ 7960 9650 23 of of IN 7960 9650 24 the the DT 7960 9650 25 pride pride NN 7960 9650 26 of of IN 7960 9650 27 race race NN 7960 9650 28 . . . 7960 9651 1 To to IN 7960 9651 2 these these DT 7960 9651 3 qualities quality NNS 7960 9651 4 he -PRON- PRP 7960 9651 5 added add VBD 7960 9651 6 a a DT 7960 9651 7 kindliness kindliness NN 7960 9651 8 and and CC 7960 9651 9 humanity humanity NN 7960 9651 10 not not RB 7960 9651 11 surpassed surpass VBN 7960 9651 12 , , , 7960 9651 13 if if IN 7960 9651 14 equaled equal VBN 7960 9651 15 , , , 7960 9651 16 by by IN 7960 9651 17 any any DT 7960 9651 18 of of IN 7960 9651 19 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9651 20 Christian christian JJ 7960 9651 21 foes foe NNS 7960 9651 22 . . . 7960 9652 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 9652 2 lives live VBZ 7960 9652 3 in in IN 7960 9652 4 eastern eastern JJ 7960 9652 5 history history NN 7960 9652 6 and and CC 7960 9652 7 legend legend NN 7960 9652 8 as as IN 7960 9652 9 the the DT 7960 9652 10 hero hero NN 7960 9652 11 who who WP 7960 9652 12 stemmed stem VBD 7960 9652 13 once once RB 7960 9652 14 for for IN 7960 9652 15 all all PDT 7960 9652 16 the the DT 7960 9652 17 tide tide NN 7960 9652 18 of of IN 7960 9652 19 European european JJ 7960 9652 20 conquest conquest NN 7960 9652 21 in in IN 7960 9652 22 Asia Asia NNP 7960 9652 23 . . . 7960 9653 1 CAPTURE CAPTURE NNP 7960 9653 2 OF of IN 7960 9653 3 JERUSALEM JERUSALEM NNP 7960 9653 4 BY by IN 7960 9653 5 SALADIN SALADIN NNP 7960 9653 6 , , , 7960 9653 7 1187 1187 CD 7960 9653 8 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 9653 9 Having have VBG 7960 9653 10 made make VBD 7960 9653 11 himself -PRON- PRP 7960 9653 12 sultan sultan NN 7960 9653 13 of of IN 7960 9653 14 Egypt Egypt NNP 7960 9653 15 , , , 7960 9653 16 Saladin Saladin NNP 7960 9653 17 united unite VBD 7960 9653 18 the the DT 7960 9653 19 Moslems Moslems NNPS 7960 9653 20 of of IN 7960 9653 21 Syria Syria NNP 7960 9653 22 under under IN 7960 9653 23 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9653 24 sway sway NN 7960 9653 25 and and CC 7960 9653 26 then then RB 7960 9653 27 advanced advance VBD 7960 9653 28 against against IN 7960 9653 29 the the DT 7960 9653 30 Latin Latin NNP 7960 9653 31 Kingdom Kingdom NNP 7960 9653 32 of of IN 7960 9653 33 Jerusalem Jerusalem NNP 7960 9653 34 . . . 7960 9654 1 The the DT 7960 9654 2 Christians Christians NNPS 7960 9654 3 met meet VBD 7960 9654 4 him -PRON- PRP 7960 9654 5 in in IN 7960 9654 6 a a DT 7960 9654 7 great great JJ 7960 9654 8 battle battle NN 7960 9654 9 near near IN 7960 9654 10 the the DT 7960 9654 11 lake lake NN 7960 9654 12 of of IN 7960 9654 13 Galilee Galilee NNP 7960 9654 14 . . . 7960 9655 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 9655 2 ended end VBD 7960 9655 3 in in IN 7960 9655 4 the the DT 7960 9655 5 rout rout NN 7960 9655 6 of of IN 7960 9655 7 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9655 8 army army NN 7960 9655 9 and and CC 7960 9655 10 the the DT 7960 9655 11 capture capture NN 7960 9655 12 of of IN 7960 9655 13 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9655 14 king king NN 7960 9655 15 . . . 7960 9656 1 Even even RB 7960 9656 2 the the DT 7960 9656 3 Holy Holy NNP 7960 9656 4 Cross Cross NNP 7960 9656 5 , , , 7960 9656 6 which which WDT 7960 9656 7 they -PRON- PRP 7960 9656 8 had have VBD 7960 9656 9 carried carry VBN 7960 9656 10 in in IN 7960 9656 11 the the DT 7960 9656 12 midst midst NN 7960 9656 13 of of IN 7960 9656 14 the the DT 7960 9656 15 fight fight NN 7960 9656 16 , , , 7960 9656 17 became become VBD 7960 9656 18 the the DT 7960 9656 19 spoil spoil NN 7960 9656 20 of of IN 7960 9656 21 the the DT 7960 9656 22 conqueror conqueror NN 7960 9656 23 . . . 7960 9657 1 Saladin Saladin NNP 7960 9657 2 quickly quickly RB 7960 9657 3 reaped reap VBD 7960 9657 4 the the DT 7960 9657 5 fruits fruit NNS 7960 9657 6 of of IN 7960 9657 7 victory victory NN 7960 9657 8 . . . 7960 9658 1 The the DT 7960 9658 2 Christian christian JJ 7960 9658 3 cities city NNS 7960 9658 4 of of IN 7960 9658 5 Syria Syria NNP 7960 9658 6 opened open VBD 7960 9658 7 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9658 8 gates gate NNS 7960 9658 9 to to IN 7960 9658 10 him -PRON- PRP 7960 9658 11 , , , 7960 9658 12 and and CC 7960 9658 13 at at IN 7960 9658 14 last last JJ 7960 9658 15 Jerusalem Jerusalem NNP 7960 9658 16 itself -PRON- PRP 7960 9658 17 surrendered surrender VBD 7960 9658 18 after after IN 7960 9658 19 a a DT 7960 9658 20 short short JJ 7960 9658 21 siege siege NN 7960 9658 22 . . . 7960 9659 1 Little little JJ 7960 9659 2 now now RB 7960 9659 3 remained remain VBD 7960 9659 4 of of IN 7960 9659 5 the the DT 7960 9659 6 possessions possession NNS 7960 9659 7 which which WDT 7960 9659 8 the the DT 7960 9659 9 crusaders crusader NNS 7960 9659 10 had have VBD 7960 9659 11 won win VBN 7960 9659 12 in in IN 7960 9659 13 the the DT 7960 9659 14 East East NNP 7960 9659 15 . . . 7960 9660 1 THIRD THIRD NNP 7960 9660 2 CRUSADE CRUSADE NNP 7960 9660 3 ORGANIZED organize VBN 7960 9660 4 , , , 7960 9660 5 1189 1189 CD 7960 9660 6 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 9661 1 The the DT 7960 9661 2 news news NN 7960 9661 3 of of IN 7960 9661 4 the the DT 7960 9661 5 taking taking NN 7960 9661 6 of of IN 7960 9661 7 Jerusalem Jerusalem NNP 7960 9661 8 spread spread VBD 7960 9661 9 consternation consternation NN 7960 9661 10 throughout throughout IN 7960 9661 11 western western JJ 7960 9661 12 Christendom Christendom NNP 7960 9661 13 . . . 7960 9662 1 The the DT 7960 9662 2 cry cry NN 7960 9662 3 for for IN 7960 9662 4 another another DT 7960 9662 5 crusade crusade NN 7960 9662 6 arose arise VBD 7960 9662 7 on on IN 7960 9662 8 all all DT 7960 9662 9 sides side NNS 7960 9662 10 . . . 7960 9663 1 Once once RB 7960 9663 2 more more JJR 7960 9663 3 thousands thousand NNS 7960 9663 4 of of IN 7960 9663 5 men man NNS 7960 9663 6 sewed sew VBD 7960 9663 7 the the DT 7960 9663 8 cross cross NN 7960 9663 9 in in IN 7960 9663 10 gold gold NN 7960 9663 11 , , , 7960 9663 12 or or CC 7960 9663 13 silk silk NN 7960 9663 14 , , , 7960 9663 15 or or CC 7960 9663 16 cloth cloth VB 7960 9663 17 upon upon IN 7960 9663 18 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9663 19 garments garment NNS 7960 9663 20 and and CC 7960 9663 21 set set VBD 7960 9663 22 out out RP 7960 9663 23 for for IN 7960 9663 24 the the DT 7960 9663 25 Holy Holy NNP 7960 9663 26 Land Land NNP 7960 9663 27 . . . 7960 9664 1 When when WRB 7960 9664 2 the the DT 7960 9664 3 three three CD 7960 9664 4 greatest great JJS 7960 9664 5 rulers ruler NNS 7960 9664 6 of of IN 7960 9664 7 Europe Europe NNP 7960 9664 8 -- -- : 7960 9664 9 Philip Philip NNP 7960 9664 10 Augustus Augustus NNP 7960 9664 11 , , , 7960 9664 12 [ [ -LRB- 7960 9664 13 13 13 CD 7960 9664 14 ] ] -RRB- 7960 9664 15 king king NN 7960 9664 16 of of IN 7960 9664 17 France France NNP 7960 9664 18 , , , 7960 9664 19 Richard Richard NNP 7960 9664 20 I I NNP 7960 9664 21 , , , 7960 9664 22 king king NN 7960 9664 23 of of IN 7960 9664 24 England England NNP 7960 9664 25 , , , 7960 9664 26 and and CC 7960 9664 27 the the DT 7960 9664 28 German german JJ 7960 9664 29 emperor emperor NN 7960 9664 30 , , , 7960 9664 31 Frederick Frederick NNP 7960 9664 32 Barbarossa Barbarossa NNP 7960 9664 33 [ [ -LRB- 7960 9664 34 14]--assumed 14]--assume VBD 7960 9664 35 the the DT 7960 9664 36 cross cross NN 7960 9664 37 , , , 7960 9664 38 it -PRON- PRP 7960 9664 39 seemed seem VBD 7960 9664 40 that that IN 7960 9664 41 nothing nothing NN 7960 9664 42 could could MD 7960 9664 43 prevent prevent VB 7960 9664 44 the the DT 7960 9664 45 restoration restoration NN 7960 9664 46 of of IN 7960 9664 47 Christian christian JJ 7960 9664 48 supremacy supremacy NN 7960 9664 49 in in IN 7960 9664 50 Syria Syria NNP 7960 9664 51 . . . 7960 9665 1 DEATH death NN 7960 9665 2 OF of IN 7960 9665 3 FREDERICK FREDERICK NNP 7960 9665 4 BARBAROSSA BARBAROSSA NNP 7960 9665 5 , , , 7960 9665 6 1190 1190 CD 7960 9665 7 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 9666 1 The the DT 7960 9666 2 Germans Germans NNPS 7960 9666 3 under under IN 7960 9666 4 Frederick Frederick NNP 7960 9666 5 Barbarossa Barbarossa NNP 7960 9666 6 were be VBD 7960 9666 7 the the DT 7960 9666 8 first first JJ 7960 9666 9 to to TO 7960 9666 10 start start VB 7960 9666 11 . . . 7960 9667 1 This this DT 7960 9667 2 great great JJ 7960 9667 3 emperor emperor NN 7960 9667 4 was be VBD 7960 9667 5 now now RB 7960 9667 6 nearly nearly RB 7960 9667 7 seventy seventy CD 7960 9667 8 years year NNS 7960 9667 9 old old JJ 7960 9667 10 , , , 7960 9667 11 yet yet CC 7960 9667 12 age age NN 7960 9667 13 had have VBD 7960 9667 14 not not RB 7960 9667 15 lessened lessen VBN 7960 9667 16 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9667 17 crusading crusade VBG 7960 9667 18 zeal zeal NN 7960 9667 19 . . . 7960 9668 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 9668 2 took take VBD 7960 9668 3 the the DT 7960 9668 4 overland overland NN 7960 9668 5 route route NN 7960 9668 6 and and CC 7960 9668 7 after after IN 7960 9668 8 much much JJ 7960 9668 9 hard hard JJ 7960 9668 10 fighting fighting NN 7960 9668 11 reached reach VBD 7960 9668 12 southern southern JJ 7960 9668 13 Asia Asia NNP 7960 9668 14 Minor Minor NNP 7960 9668 15 . . . 7960 9669 1 Here here RB 7960 9669 2 , , , 7960 9669 3 however however RB 7960 9669 4 , , , 7960 9669 5 he -PRON- PRP 7960 9669 6 was be VBD 7960 9669 7 drowned drown VBN 7960 9669 8 , , , 7960 9669 9 while while IN 7960 9669 10 trying try VBG 7960 9669 11 to to TO 7960 9669 12 cross cross VB 7960 9669 13 a a DT 7960 9669 14 swollen swollen JJ 7960 9669 15 stream stream NN 7960 9669 16 . . . 7960 9670 1 Many many JJ 7960 9670 2 of of IN 7960 9670 3 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9670 4 discouraged discourage VBN 7960 9670 5 followers follower NNS 7960 9670 6 at at IN 7960 9670 7 once once RB 7960 9670 8 returned return VBD 7960 9670 9 to to IN 7960 9670 10 Germany Germany NNP 7960 9670 11 ; ; : 7960 9670 12 a a DT 7960 9670 13 few few JJ 7960 9670 14 of of IN 7960 9670 15 them -PRON- PRP 7960 9670 16 , , , 7960 9670 17 however however RB 7960 9670 18 , , , 7960 9670 19 pressed press VBD 7960 9670 20 on on RP 7960 9670 21 and and CC 7960 9670 22 joined join VBD 7960 9670 23 the the DT 7960 9670 24 other other JJ 7960 9670 25 crusaders crusader NNS 7960 9670 26 before before IN 7960 9670 27 the the DT 7960 9670 28 walls wall NNS 7960 9670 29 of of IN 7960 9670 30 Acre Acre NNP 7960 9670 31 . . . 7960 9671 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 9671 2 Illustration illustration NN 7960 9671 3 : : : 7960 9671 4 RICHARD RICHARD NNP 7960 9671 5 I -PRON- PRP 7960 9671 6 IN in IN 7960 9671 7 PRISON prison NN 7960 9671 8 From from IN 7960 9671 9 an an DT 7960 9671 10 illuminated illuminate VBN 7960 9671 11 manuscript manuscript NN 7960 9671 12 of of IN 7960 9671 13 the the DT 7960 9671 14 thirteenth thirteenth JJ 7960 9671 15 century century NN 7960 9671 16 . . . 7960 9672 1 King King NNP 7960 9672 2 Richard Richard NNP 7960 9672 3 on on IN 7960 9672 4 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9672 5 return return NN 7960 9672 6 from from IN 7960 9672 7 the the DT 7960 9672 8 Holy Holy NNP 7960 9672 9 Land Land NNP 7960 9672 10 was be VBD 7960 9672 11 shipwrecked shipwreck VBN 7960 9672 12 off off IN 7960 9672 13 the the DT 7960 9672 14 coast coast NN 7960 9672 15 of of IN 7960 9672 16 the the DT 7960 9672 17 Adriatic Adriatic NNP 7960 9672 18 . . . 7960 9673 1 Attempting attempt VBG 7960 9673 2 to to TO 7960 9673 3 travel travel VB 7960 9673 4 through through IN 7960 9673 5 Austria Austria NNP 7960 9673 6 in in IN 7960 9673 7 disguise disguise NN 7960 9673 8 , , , 7960 9673 9 he -PRON- PRP 7960 9673 10 was be VBD 7960 9673 11 captured capture VBN 7960 9673 12 by by IN 7960 9673 13 the the DT 7960 9673 14 duke duke NN 7960 9673 15 of of IN 7960 9673 16 Austria Austria NNP 7960 9673 17 , , , 7960 9673 18 whom whom WP 7960 9673 19 he -PRON- PRP 7960 9673 20 had have VBD 7960 9673 21 offended offend VBN 7960 9673 22 at at IN 7960 9673 23 the the DT 7960 9673 24 siege siege NN 7960 9673 25 of of IN 7960 9673 26 Acre Acre NNP 7960 9673 27 . . . 7960 9674 1 The the DT 7960 9674 2 king king NN 7960 9674 3 regained regain VBD 7960 9674 4 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9674 5 liberty liberty NN 7960 9674 6 only only RB 7960 9674 7 by by IN 7960 9674 8 paying pay VBG 7960 9674 9 a a DT 7960 9674 10 ransom ransom NN 7960 9674 11 equivalent equivalent JJ 7960 9674 12 to to IN 7960 9674 13 more more JJR 7960 9674 14 than than IN 7960 9674 15 twice twice PDT 7960 9674 16 the the DT 7960 9674 17 annual annual JJ 7960 9674 18 revenues revenue NNS 7960 9674 19 of of IN 7960 9674 20 England England NNP 7960 9674 21 . . . 7960 9674 22 ] ] -RRB- 7960 9675 1 ACRE acre NN 7960 9675 2 CAPTURED capture VBN 7960 9675 3 BY by IN 7960 9675 4 PHILIP PHILIP NNP 7960 9675 5 AND and CC 7960 9675 6 RICHARD RICHARD NNP 7960 9675 7 , , , 7960 9675 8 1191 1191 CD 7960 9675 9 A.D. A.D. 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A.D. NNP 7960 9680 1 The the DT 7960 9680 2 English english JJ 7960 9680 3 king king NN 7960 9680 4 remained remain VBD 7960 9680 5 for for IN 7960 9680 6 fourteen fourteen CD 7960 9680 7 months month NNS 7960 9680 8 longer long RBR 7960 9680 9 in in IN 7960 9680 10 the the DT 7960 9680 11 Holy Holy NNP 7960 9680 12 Land Land NNP 7960 9680 13 . . . 7960 9681 1 His -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9681 2 campaigns campaign NNS 7960 9681 3 during during IN 7960 9681 4 this this DT 7960 9681 5 time time NN 7960 9681 6 gained gain VBN 7960 9681 7 for for IN 7960 9681 8 him -PRON- PRP 7960 9681 9 the the DT 7960 9681 10 title title NN 7960 9681 11 of of IN 7960 9681 12 " " `` 7960 9681 13 Lion lion NN 7960 9681 14 - - HYPH 7960 9681 15 hearted hearted JJ 7960 9681 16 , , , 7960 9681 17 " " '' 7960 9681 18 [ [ -LRB- 7960 9681 19 15 15 CD 7960 9681 20 ] ] -RRB- 7960 9681 21 by by IN 7960 9681 22 which which WDT 7960 9681 23 he -PRON- PRP 7960 9681 24 is be VBZ 7960 9681 25 always always RB 7960 9681 26 known know VBN 7960 9681 27 . . . 7960 9682 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 9682 2 had have VBD 7960 9682 3 many many JJ 7960 9682 4 adventures adventure NNS 7960 9682 5 and and CC 7960 9682 6 performed perform VBD 7960 9682 7 knightly knightly RB 7960 9682 8 exploits exploit VBZ 7960 9682 9 without without IN 7960 9682 10 number number NN 7960 9682 11 , , , 7960 9682 12 but but CC 7960 9682 13 could could MD 7960 9682 14 not not RB 7960 9682 15 capture capture VB 7960 9682 16 Jerusalem Jerusalem NNP 7960 9682 17 . . . 7960 9683 1 Tradition tradition NN 7960 9683 2 declares declare VBZ 7960 9683 3 that that IN 7960 9683 4 when when WRB 7960 9683 5 , , , 7960 9683 6 during during IN 7960 9683 7 a a DT 7960 9683 8 truce truce NN 7960 9683 9 , , , 7960 9683 10 some some DT 7960 9683 11 crusaders crusader NNS 7960 9683 12 went go VBD 7960 9683 13 up up RP 7960 9683 14 to to IN 7960 9683 15 Jerusalem Jerusalem NNP 7960 9683 16 , , , 7960 9683 17 Richard Richard NNP 7960 9683 18 refused refuse VBD 7960 9683 19 to to TO 7960 9683 20 accompany accompany VB 7960 9683 21 them -PRON- PRP 7960 9683 22 , , , 7960 9683 23 saying say VBG 7960 9683 24 that that IN 7960 9683 25 he -PRON- PRP 7960 9683 26 would would MD 7960 9683 27 not not RB 7960 9683 28 enter enter VB 7960 9683 29 as as IN 7960 9683 30 a a DT 7960 9683 31 pilgrim pilgrim NN 7960 9683 32 the the DT 7960 9683 33 city city NN 7960 9683 34 which which WDT 7960 9683 35 he -PRON- PRP 7960 9683 36 could could MD 7960 9683 37 not not RB 7960 9683 38 rescue rescue VB 7960 9683 39 as as IN 7960 9683 40 a a DT 7960 9683 41 conqueror conqueror NN 7960 9683 42 . . . 7960 9684 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 9684 2 and and CC 7960 9684 3 Saladin Saladin NNP 7960 9684 4 finally finally RB 7960 9684 5 concluded conclude VBD 7960 9684 6 a a DT 7960 9684 7 treaty treaty NN 7960 9684 8 by by IN 7960 9684 9 the the DT 7960 9684 10 terms term NNS 7960 9684 11 of of IN 7960 9684 12 which which WDT 7960 9684 13 Christians Christians NNPS 7960 9684 14 were be VBD 7960 9684 15 permitted permit VBN 7960 9684 16 to to TO 7960 9684 17 visit visit VB 7960 9684 18 Jerusalem Jerusalem NNP 7960 9684 19 without without IN 7960 9684 20 paying pay VBG 7960 9684 21 tribute tribute NN 7960 9684 22 . . . 7960 9685 1 Richard Richard NNP 7960 9685 2 then then RB 7960 9685 3 set set VBD 7960 9685 4 sail sail NN 7960 9685 5 for for IN 7960 9685 6 England England NNP 7960 9685 7 , , , 7960 9685 8 and and CC 7960 9685 9 with with IN 7960 9685 10 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9685 11 departure departure NN 7960 9685 12 from from IN 7960 9685 13 the the DT 7960 9685 14 Holy Holy NNP 7960 9685 15 Land Land NNP 7960 9685 16 the the DT 7960 9685 17 Third Third NNP 7960 9685 18 Crusade Crusade NNP 7960 9685 19 came come VBD 7960 9685 20 to to IN 7960 9685 21 an an DT 7960 9685 22 end end NN 7960 9685 23 . . . 7960 9686 1 173 173 CD 7960 9686 2 . . . 7960 9687 1 FOURTH fourth JJ 7960 9687 2 CRUSADE CRUSADE NNS 7960 9687 3 AND and CC 7960 9687 4 THE the DT 7960 9687 5 LATIN latin JJ 7960 9687 6 EMPIRE empire NN 7960 9687 7 OF of IN 7960 9687 8 CONSTANTINOPLE CONSTANTINOPLE NNS 7960 9687 9 , , , 7960 9687 10 1202 1202 CD 7960 9687 11 - - SYM 7960 9687 12 1261 1261 CD 7960 9687 13 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 9687 14 INNOCENT innocent RB 7960 9687 15 III III NNP 7960 9687 16 AND and CC 7960 9687 17 THE the DT 7960 9687 18 FOURTH fourth JJ 7960 9687 19 CRUSADE CRUSADE NNS 7960 9687 20 The the DT 7960 9687 21 real real JJ 7960 9687 22 author author NN 7960 9687 23 of of IN 7960 9687 24 the the DT 7960 9687 25 Fourth Fourth NNP 7960 9687 26 Crusade Crusade NNP 7960 9687 27 was be VBD 7960 9687 28 the the DT 7960 9687 29 famous famous JJ 7960 9687 30 pope pope NN 7960 9687 31 , , , 7960 9687 32 Innocent Innocent NNP 7960 9687 33 III iii CD 7960 9687 34 . . . 7960 9688 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 9688 2 16 16 CD 7960 9688 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 9688 4 Young young JJ 7960 9688 5 , , , 7960 9688 6 enthusiastic enthusiastic JJ 7960 9688 7 , , , 7960 9688 8 and and CC 7960 9688 9 ambitious ambitious JJ 7960 9688 10 for for IN 7960 9688 11 the the DT 7960 9688 12 glory glory NN 7960 9688 13 of of IN 7960 9688 14 the the DT 7960 9688 15 Papacy Papacy NNP 7960 9688 16 , , , 7960 9688 17 he -PRON- PRP 7960 9688 18 revived revive VBD 7960 9688 19 the the DT 7960 9688 20 plans plan NNS 7960 9688 21 of of IN 7960 9688 22 Urban Urban NNP 7960 9688 23 II II NNP 7960 9688 24 and and CC 7960 9688 25 sought seek VBD 7960 9688 26 once once RB 7960 9688 27 more more JJR 7960 9688 28 to to TO 7960 9688 29 unite unite VB 7960 9688 30 the the DT 7960 9688 31 forces force NNS 7960 9688 32 of of IN 7960 9688 33 Christendom Christendom NNP 7960 9688 34 against against IN 7960 9688 35 Islam Islam NNP 7960 9688 36 . . . 7960 9689 1 No no DT 7960 9689 2 emperor emperor NN 7960 9689 3 or or CC 7960 9689 4 king king NN 7960 9689 5 answered answer VBD 7960 9689 6 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9689 7 summons summon NNS 7960 9689 8 , , , 7960 9689 9 but but CC 7960 9689 10 a a DT 7960 9689 11 number number NN 7960 9689 12 of of IN 7960 9689 13 knights knight NNS 7960 9689 14 ( ( -LRB- 7960 9689 15 chiefly chiefly RB 7960 9689 16 French French NNP 7960 9689 17 ) ) -RRB- 7960 9689 18 took take VBD 7960 9689 19 the the DT 7960 9689 20 crusader crusader NN 7960 9689 21 's 's POS 7960 9689 22 vow vow NN 7960 9689 23 . . . 7960 9690 1 THE the DT 7960 9690 2 CRUSADERS crusader NNS 7960 9690 3 AND and CC 7960 9690 4 THE the DT 7960 9690 5 VENETIANS venetian NNS 7960 9690 6 The the DT 7960 9690 7 leaders leader NNS 7960 9690 8 of of IN 7960 9690 9 the the DT 7960 9690 10 crusade crusade NN 7960 9690 11 decided decide VBD 7960 9690 12 to to TO 7960 9690 13 make make VB 7960 9690 14 Egypt Egypt NNP 7960 9690 15 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9690 16 objective objective JJ 7960 9690 17 point point NN 7960 9690 18 , , , 7960 9690 19 since since IN 7960 9690 20 this this DT 7960 9690 21 country country NN 7960 9690 22 was be VBD 7960 9690 23 then then RB 7960 9690 24 the the DT 7960 9690 25 center center NN 7960 9690 26 of of IN 7960 9690 27 the the DT 7960 9690 28 Moslem Moslem NNP 7960 9690 29 power power NN 7960 9690 30 . . . 7960 9691 1 Accordingly accordingly RB 7960 9691 2 , , , 7960 9691 3 the the DT 7960 9691 4 crusaders crusader NNS 7960 9691 5 proceeded proceed VBD 7960 9691 6 to to IN 7960 9691 7 Venice Venice NNP 7960 9691 8 , , , 7960 9691 9 for for IN 7960 9691 10 the the DT 7960 9691 11 purpose purpose NN 7960 9691 12 of of IN 7960 9691 13 securing secure VBG 7960 9691 14 transportation transportation NN 7960 9691 15 across across IN 7960 9691 16 the the DT 7960 9691 17 Mediterranean Mediterranean NNP 7960 9691 18 . . . 7960 9692 1 The the DT 7960 9692 2 Venetians Venetians NNPS 7960 9692 3 agreed agree VBD 7960 9692 4 to to TO 7960 9692 5 furnish furnish VB 7960 9692 6 the the DT 7960 9692 7 necessary necessary JJ 7960 9692 8 ships ship NNS 7960 9692 9 only only RB 7960 9692 10 on on IN 7960 9692 11 condition condition NN 7960 9692 12 that that IN 7960 9692 13 the the DT 7960 9692 14 crusaders crusader NNS 7960 9692 15 first first RB 7960 9692 16 seized seize VBD 7960 9692 17 Zara Zara NNP 7960 9692 18 on on IN 7960 9692 19 the the DT 7960 9692 20 eastern eastern JJ 7960 9692 21 coast coast NN 7960 9692 22 of of IN 7960 9692 23 the the DT 7960 9692 24 Adriatic Adriatic NNP 7960 9692 25 . . . 7960 9693 1 Zara Zara NNP 7960 9693 2 was be VBD 7960 9693 3 a a DT 7960 9693 4 Christian christian JJ 7960 9693 5 city city NN 7960 9693 6 , , , 7960 9693 7 but but CC 7960 9693 8 it -PRON- PRP 7960 9693 9 was be VBD 7960 9693 10 also also RB 7960 9693 11 a a DT 7960 9693 12 naval naval JJ 7960 9693 13 and and CC 7960 9693 14 commercial commercial JJ 7960 9693 15 rival rival NN 7960 9693 16 of of IN 7960 9693 17 Venice Venice NNP 7960 9693 18 . . . 7960 9694 1 In in IN 7960 9694 2 spite spite NN 7960 9694 3 of of IN 7960 9694 4 the the DT 7960 9694 5 pope pope NNP 7960 9694 6 's 's POS 7960 9694 7 protests protest NNS 7960 9694 8 the the DT 7960 9694 9 crusaders crusader NNS 7960 9694 10 besieged besiege VBD 7960 9694 11 and and CC 7960 9694 12 captured capture VBD 7960 9694 13 the the DT 7960 9694 14 city city NN 7960 9694 15 . . . 7960 9695 1 Even even RB 7960 9695 2 then then RB 7960 9695 3 they -PRON- PRP 7960 9695 4 did do VBD 7960 9695 5 not not RB 7960 9695 6 proceed proceed VB 7960 9695 7 against against IN 7960 9695 8 the the DT 7960 9695 9 Moslems Moslems NNPS 7960 9695 10 . . . 7960 9696 1 The the DT 7960 9696 2 Venetians Venetians NNPS 7960 9696 3 persuaded persuade VBD 7960 9696 4 them -PRON- PRP 7960 9696 5 to to TO 7960 9696 6 turn turn VB 7960 9696 7 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9696 8 arms arm NNS 7960 9696 9 against against IN 7960 9696 10 Constantinople Constantinople NNP 7960 9696 11 . . . 7960 9697 1 The the DT 7960 9697 2 possession possession NN 7960 9697 3 of of IN 7960 9697 4 that that DT 7960 9697 5 great great JJ 7960 9697 6 capital capital NN 7960 9697 7 would would MD 7960 9697 8 greatly greatly RB 7960 9697 9 increase increase VB 7960 9697 10 Venetian venetian JJ 7960 9697 11 trade trade NN 7960 9697 12 and and CC 7960 9697 13 influence influence NN 7960 9697 14 in in IN 7960 9697 15 the the DT 7960 9697 16 East East NNP 7960 9697 17 ; ; : 7960 9697 18 for for IN 7960 9697 19 the the DT 7960 9697 20 crusading crusade VBG 7960 9697 21 nobles noble NNS 7960 9697 22 it -PRON- PRP 7960 9697 23 held hold VBD 7960 9697 24 out out RP 7960 9697 25 endless endless JJ 7960 9697 26 opportunities opportunity NNS 7960 9697 27 of of IN 7960 9697 28 acquiring acquire VBG 7960 9697 29 wealth wealth NN 7960 9697 30 and and CC 7960 9697 31 power power NN 7960 9697 32 . . . 7960 9698 1 Thus thus RB 7960 9698 2 it -PRON- PRP 7960 9698 3 happened happen VBD 7960 9698 4 that that IN 7960 9698 5 these these DT 7960 9698 6 soldiers soldier NNS 7960 9698 7 of of IN 7960 9698 8 the the DT 7960 9698 9 Cross Cross NNP 7960 9698 10 , , , 7960 9698 11 pledged pledge VBD 7960 9698 12 to to IN 7960 9698 13 war war NN 7960 9698 14 with with IN 7960 9698 15 the the DT 7960 9698 16 Moslems Moslems NNPS 7960 9698 17 , , , 7960 9698 18 attacked attack VBD 7960 9698 19 a a DT 7960 9698 20 Christian christian JJ 7960 9698 21 city city NN 7960 9698 22 , , , 7960 9698 23 which which WDT 7960 9698 24 for for IN 7960 9698 25 centuries century NNS 7960 9698 26 had have VBD 7960 9698 27 formed form VBN 7960 9698 28 the the DT 7960 9698 29 chief chief JJ 7960 9698 30 bulwark bulwark NN 7960 9698 31 of of IN 7960 9698 32 Europe Europe NNP 7960 9698 33 against against IN 7960 9698 34 the the DT 7960 9698 35 Arab arab JJ 7960 9698 36 and and CC 7960 9698 37 the the DT 7960 9698 38 Turk Turk NNP 7960 9698 39 . . . 7960 9699 1 SACK sack NN 7960 9699 2 OF of IN 7960 9699 3 CONSTANTINOPLE CONSTANTINOPLE NNP 7960 9699 4 , , , 7960 9699 5 1204 1204 CD 7960 9699 6 A.D. 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NNP 7960 9706 1 The the DT 7960 9706 2 victors victor NNS 7960 9706 3 hastened hasten VBD 7960 9706 4 to to TO 7960 9706 5 divide divide VB 7960 9706 6 between between IN 7960 9706 7 them -PRON- PRP 7960 9706 8 the the DT 7960 9706 9 lands land NNS 7960 9706 10 of of IN 7960 9706 11 the the DT 7960 9706 12 Roman Roman NNP 7960 9706 13 Empire Empire NNP 7960 9706 14 in in IN 7960 9706 15 the the DT 7960 9706 16 East East NNP 7960 9706 17 . . . 7960 9707 1 Venice Venice NNP 7960 9707 2 gained gain VBD 7960 9707 3 some some DT 7960 9707 4 districts district NNS 7960 9707 5 in in IN 7960 9707 6 Greece Greece NNP 7960 9707 7 , , , 7960 9707 8 together together RB 7960 9707 9 with with IN 7960 9707 10 nearly nearly RB 7960 9707 11 all all PDT 7960 9707 12 the the DT 7960 9707 13 Aegean aegean JJ 7960 9707 14 islands island NNS 7960 9707 15 . . . 7960 9708 1 The the DT 7960 9708 2 chief chief JJ 7960 9708 3 crusaders crusader NNS 7960 9708 4 formed form VBD 7960 9708 5 part part NN 7960 9708 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A.D. NNP 7960 9719 1 The the DT 7960 9719 2 so so RB 7960 9719 3 - - HYPH 7960 9719 4 called call VBN 7960 9719 5 Children Children NNP 7960 9719 6 's 's POS 7960 9719 7 Crusade Crusade NNP 7960 9719 8 illustrates illustrate VBZ 7960 9719 9 at at IN 7960 9719 10 once once RB 7960 9719 11 the the DT 7960 9719 12 religious religious JJ 7960 9719 13 enthusiasm enthusiasm NN 7960 9719 14 and and CC 7960 9719 15 misdirected misdirect VBN 7960 9719 16 zeal zeal NN 7960 9719 17 which which WDT 7960 9719 18 marked mark VBD 7960 9719 19 the the DT 7960 9719 20 whole whole JJ 7960 9719 21 crusading crusading NN 7960 9719 22 movement movement NN 7960 9719 23 . . . 7960 9720 1 During during IN 7960 9720 2 the the DT 7960 9720 3 year year NN 7960 9720 4 1212 1212 CD 7960 9720 5 A.D. A.D. 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A.D. NNP 7960 9728 22 the the DT 7960 9728 23 Holy Holy NNP 7960 9728 24 City City NNP 7960 9728 25 became become VBD 7960 9728 26 again again RB 7960 9728 27 a a DT 7960 9728 28 possession possession NN 7960 9728 29 of of IN 7960 9728 30 the the DT 7960 9728 31 Moslems Moslems NNPS 7960 9728 32 . . . 7960 9729 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 9729 2 have have VBP 7960 9729 3 never never RB 7960 9729 4 since since IN 7960 9729 5 relinquished relinquish VBN 7960 9729 6 it -PRON- PRP 7960 9729 7 . . . 7960 9730 1 Acre acre NN 7960 9730 2 , , , 7960 9730 3 the the DT 7960 9730 4 last last JJ 7960 9730 5 Christian christian JJ 7960 9730 6 post post NN 7960 9730 7 in in IN 7960 9730 8 Syria Syria NNP 7960 9730 9 , , , 7960 9730 10 fell fall VBD 7960 9730 11 in in IN 7960 9730 12 1291 1291 CD 7960 9730 13 A.D. A.D. 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Fourth NNP 7960 9736 25 Crusade Crusade NNP 7960 9736 26 . . . 7960 9737 1 WHY why WRB 7960 9737 2 THE the DT 7960 9737 3 CRUSADES CRUSADES NNP 7960 9737 4 FAILED fail VBD 7960 9737 5 Of of IN 7960 9737 6 the the DT 7960 9737 7 many many JJ 7960 9737 8 reasons reason NNS 7960 9737 9 for for IN 7960 9737 10 the the DT 7960 9737 11 failure failure NN 7960 9737 12 of of IN 7960 9737 13 the the DT 7960 9737 14 crusades crusade NNS 7960 9737 15 , , , 7960 9737 16 three three CD 7960 9737 17 require require JJ 7960 9737 18 special special JJ 7960 9737 19 consideration consideration NN 7960 9737 20 . . . 7960 9738 1 In in IN 7960 9738 2 the the DT 7960 9738 3 first first JJ 7960 9738 4 place place NN 7960 9738 5 , , , 7960 9738 6 there there EX 7960 9738 7 was be VBD 7960 9738 8 the the DT 7960 9738 9 inability inability NN 7960 9738 10 of of IN 7960 9738 11 eastern eastern JJ 7960 9738 12 and and CC 7960 9738 13 western western JJ 7960 9738 14 Europe Europe NNP 7960 9738 15 to to TO 7960 9738 16 cooperate cooperate VB 7960 9738 17 in in IN 7960 9738 18 supporting support VBG 7960 9738 19 the the DT 7960 9738 20 holy holy JJ 7960 9738 21 wars war NNS 7960 9738 22 . . . 7960 9739 1 A a DT 7960 9739 2 united united JJ 7960 9739 3 Christendom Christendom NNP 7960 9739 4 might may MD 7960 9739 5 well well RB 7960 9739 6 have have VB 7960 9739 7 been be VBN 7960 9739 8 invincible invincible JJ 7960 9739 9 . . . 7960 9740 1 But but CC 7960 9740 2 the the DT 7960 9740 3 bitter bitter JJ 7960 9740 4 antagonism antagonism NN 7960 9740 5 between between IN 7960 9740 6 the the DT 7960 9740 7 Greek greek JJ 7960 9740 8 and and CC 7960 9740 9 Roman roman JJ 7960 9740 10 churches church NNS 7960 9740 11 [ [ -LRB- 7960 9740 12 19 19 CD 7960 9740 13 ] ] -RRB- 7960 9740 14 effectually effectually RB 7960 9740 15 prevented prevent VBN 7960 9740 16 all all DT 7960 9740 17 unity unity NN 7960 9740 18 of of IN 7960 9740 19 action action NN 7960 9740 20 . . . 7960 9741 1 The the DT 7960 9741 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worked work VBD 7960 9742 21 against against IN 7960 9742 22 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9742 23 success success NN 7960 9742 24 . . . 7960 9743 1 Instead instead RB 7960 9743 2 of of IN 7960 9743 3 being be VBG 7960 9743 4 able able JJ 7960 9743 5 to to TO 7960 9743 6 go go VB 7960 9743 7 by by IN 7960 9743 8 water water NN 7960 9743 9 directly directly RB 7960 9743 10 to to IN 7960 9743 11 Syria Syria NNP 7960 9743 12 , , , 7960 9743 13 it -PRON- PRP 7960 9743 14 was be VBD 7960 9743 15 necessary necessary JJ 7960 9743 16 to to TO 7960 9743 17 follow follow VB 7960 9743 18 the the DT 7960 9743 19 long long JJ 7960 9743 20 , , , 7960 9743 21 overland overland NN 7960 9743 22 route route NN 7960 9743 23 from from IN 7960 9743 24 France France NNP 7960 9743 25 or or CC 7960 9743 26 Germany Germany NNP 7960 9743 27 through through IN 7960 9743 28 Hungary Hungary NNP 7960 9743 29 , , , 7960 9743 30 Bulgaria Bulgaria NNP 7960 9743 31 , , , 7960 9743 32 the the DT 7960 9743 33 territory 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the DT 7960 9745 3 third third JJ 7960 9745 4 place place NN 7960 9745 5 , , , 7960 9745 6 the the DT 7960 9745 7 crusaders crusader NNS 7960 9745 8 were be VBD 7960 9745 9 never never RB 7960 9745 10 numerous numerous JJ 7960 9745 11 enough enough RB 7960 9745 12 to to TO 7960 9745 13 colonize colonize VB 7960 9745 14 so so RB 7960 9745 15 large large JJ 7960 9745 16 a a DT 7960 9745 17 country country NN 7960 9745 18 as as IN 7960 9745 19 Syria Syria NNP 7960 9745 20 and and CC 7960 9745 21 absorb absorb VB 7960 9745 22 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9745 23 Moslem Moslem NNP 7960 9745 24 population population NN 7960 9745 25 . . . 7960 9746 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 9746 2 conquered conquer VBD 7960 9746 3 part part NN 7960 9746 4 of of IN 7960 9746 5 Syria Syria NNP 7960 9746 6 in in IN 7960 9746 7 the the DT 7960 9746 8 First First NNP 7960 9746 9 Crusade Crusade NNP 7960 9746 10 , , , 7960 9746 11 but but CC 7960 9746 12 could could MD 7960 9746 13 not not RB 7960 9746 14 hold hold VB 7960 9746 15 it -PRON- PRP 7960 9746 16 permanently permanently RB 7960 9746 17 in in IN 7960 9746 18 the the DT 7960 9746 19 face face NN 7960 9746 20 of of IN 7960 9746 21 determined determine VBN 7960 9746 22 resistance resistance NN 7960 9746 23 . . . 7960 9747 1 WHY why WRB 7960 9747 2 THE the DT 7960 9747 3 CRUSADES CRUSADES NNP 7960 9747 4 CEASED cease VBN 7960 9747 5 In in IN 7960 9747 6 spite spite NN 7960 9747 7 of of IN 7960 9747 8 these these DT 7960 9747 9 and and CC 7960 9747 10 other other JJ 7960 9747 11 reasons reason NNS 7960 9747 12 the the DT 7960 9747 13 Christians Christians NNPS 7960 9747 14 of of IN 7960 9747 15 Europe Europe NNP 7960 9747 16 might may MD 7960 9747 17 have have VB 7960 9747 18 continued continue VBN 7960 9747 19 much much RB 7960 9747 20 longer long JJR 7960 9747 21 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9747 22 efforts effort NNS 7960 9747 23 to to TO 7960 9747 24 recover recover VB 7960 9747 25 the the DT 7960 9747 26 Holy Holy NNP 7960 9747 27 Land Land NNP 7960 9747 28 , , , 7960 9747 29 had have VBD 7960 9747 30 they -PRON- PRP 7960 9747 31 not not RB 7960 9747 32 lost lose VBN 7960 9747 33 faith faith NN 7960 9747 34 in in IN 7960 9747 35 the the DT 7960 9747 36 movement movement NN 7960 9747 37 . . . 7960 9748 1 But but CC 7960 9748 2 after after IN 7960 9748 3 two two CD 7960 9748 4 centuries century NNS 7960 9748 5 the the DT 7960 9748 6 old old JJ 7960 9748 7 crusading crusade VBG 7960 9748 8 enthusiasm enthusiasm NN 7960 9748 9 died die VBD 7960 9748 10 out out RP 7960 9748 11 , , , 7960 9748 12 the the DT 7960 9748 13 old old JJ 7960 9748 14 ideal ideal NN 7960 9748 15 of of IN 7960 9748 16 the the DT 7960 9748 17 crusade crusade NN 7960 9748 18 as as IN 7960 9748 19 " " `` 7960 9748 20 the the DT 7960 9748 21 way way NN 7960 9748 22 of of IN 7960 9748 23 God God NNP 7960 9748 24 " " '' 7960 9748 25 lost lose VBD 7960 9748 26 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9748 27 spell spell NN 7960 9748 28 . . . 7960 9749 1 Men man NNS 7960 9749 2 had have VBD 7960 9749 3 begun begin VBN 7960 9749 4 to to TO 7960 9749 5 think think VB 7960 9749 6 less less JJR 7960 9749 7 of of IN 7960 9749 8 winning win VBG 7960 9749 9 future future JJ 7960 9749 10 salvation salvation NN 7960 9749 11 by by IN 7960 9749 12 visits visit NNS 7960 9749 13 to to IN 7960 9749 14 distant distant VB 7960 9749 15 shrines shrine NNS 7960 9749 16 and and CC 7960 9749 17 to to TO 7960 9749 18 think think VB 7960 9749 19 more more JJR 7960 9749 20 of of IN 7960 9749 21 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9749 22 present present JJ 7960 9749 23 duties duty NNS 7960 9749 24 to to IN 7960 9749 25 the the DT 7960 9749 26 world world NN 7960 9749 27 about about IN 7960 9749 28 them -PRON- PRP 7960 9749 29 . . . 7960 9750 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 9750 2 came come VBD 7960 9750 3 to to TO 7960 9750 4 believe believe VB 7960 9750 5 that that IN 7960 9750 6 Jerusalem Jerusalem NNP 7960 9750 7 could could MD 7960 9750 8 best best RB 7960 9750 9 be be VB 7960 9750 10 won win VBN 7960 9750 11 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9751 19 of of IN 7960 9751 20 western western JJ 7960 9751 21 Europe Europe NNP 7960 9751 22 . . . 7960 9752 1 For for IN 7960 9752 2 instance instance NN 7960 9752 3 , , , 7960 9752 4 they -PRON- PRP 7960 9752 5 helped help VBD 7960 9752 6 to to TO 7960 9752 7 undermine undermine VB 7960 9752 8 feudalism feudalism NN 7960 9752 9 . . . 7960 9753 1 Thousands thousand NNS 7960 9753 2 of of IN 7960 9753 3 barons baron NNS 7960 9753 4 and and CC 7960 9753 5 knights knight NNS 7960 9753 6 mortgaged mortgage VBD 7960 9753 7 or or CC 7960 9753 8 sold sell VBD 7960 9753 9 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9753 10 lands land NNS 7960 9753 11 in in IN 7960 9753 12 order order NN 7960 9753 13 to to TO 7960 9753 14 raise raise VB 7960 9753 15 money money NN 7960 9753 16 for for IN 7960 9753 17 a a DT 7960 9753 18 crusading crusade VBG 7960 9753 19 expedition expedition NN 7960 9753 20 . . . 7960 9754 1 Thousands thousand NNS 7960 9754 2 more more RBR 7960 9754 3 perished perish VBD 7960 9754 4 in in IN 7960 9754 5 Syria Syria NNP 7960 9754 6 and and CC 7960 9754 7 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9754 8 estates estate NNS 7960 9754 9 , , , 7960 9754 10 through through IN 7960 9754 11 failure failure NN 7960 9754 12 of of IN 7960 9754 13 heirs heir NNS 7960 9754 14 , , , 7960 9754 15 reverted revert VBN 7960 9754 16 to to IN 7960 9754 17 the the DT 7960 9754 18 crown crown NN 7960 9754 19 . . . 7960 9755 1 Moreover moreover RB 7960 9755 2 , , , 7960 9755 3 private private JJ 7960 9755 4 warfare warfare NN 7960 9755 5 , , , 7960 9755 6 that that DT 7960 9755 7 curse curse NN 7960 9755 8 of of IN 7960 9755 9 the the DT 7960 9755 10 Middle Middle NNP 7960 9755 11 Ages Ages NNPS 7960 9755 12 , , , 7960 9755 13 [ [ -LRB- 7960 9755 14 20 20 CD 7960 9755 15 ] ] -RRB- 7960 9755 16 also also RB 7960 9755 17 tended tend VBD 7960 9755 18 to to TO 7960 9755 19 die die VB 7960 9755 20 out out RP 7960 9755 21 with with IN 7960 9755 22 the the DT 7960 9755 23 departure departure NN 7960 9755 24 for for IN 7960 9755 25 the the DT 7960 9755 26 Holy Holy NNP 7960 9755 27 Land Land NNP 7960 9755 28 of of IN 7960 9755 29 so so RB 7960 9755 30 many many JJ 7960 9755 31 turbulent turbulent JJ 7960 9755 32 feudal feudal JJ 7960 9755 33 lords lord NNS 7960 9755 34 . . . 7960 9756 1 Their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9756 2 decline decline NN 7960 9756 3 in in IN 7960 9756 4 both both DT 7960 9756 5 numbers number NNS 7960 9756 6 and and CC 7960 9756 7 influence influence NN 7960 9756 8 , , , 7960 9756 9 and and CC 7960 9756 10 the the DT 7960 9756 11 corresponding correspond VBG 7960 9756 12 growth growth NN 7960 9756 13 of of IN 7960 9756 14 the the DT 7960 9756 15 royal royal NNP 7960 9756 16 authority authority NNP 7960 9756 17 , , , 7960 9756 18 may may MD 7960 9756 19 best best RB 7960 9756 20 be be VB 7960 9756 21 traced trace VBN 7960 9756 22 in in IN 7960 9756 23 the the DT 7960 9756 24 changes change NNS 7960 9756 25 that that WDT 7960 9756 26 came come VBD 7960 9756 27 about about RP 7960 9756 28 in in IN 7960 9756 29 France France NNP 7960 9756 30 , , , 7960 9756 31 the the DT 7960 9756 32 original original JJ 7960 9756 33 home home NN 7960 9756 34 of of IN 7960 9756 35 the the DT 7960 9756 36 crusading crusade VBG 7960 9756 37 movement movement NN 7960 9756 38 . . . 7960 9757 1 THE the DT 7960 9757 2 CRUSADES CRUSADES NNP 7960 9757 3 AND and CC 7960 9757 4 COMMERCE COMMERCE NNP 7960 9757 5 One one CD 7960 9757 6 of of IN 7960 9757 7 the the DT 7960 9757 8 most most RBS 7960 9757 9 important important JJ 7960 9757 10 effects effect NNS 7960 9757 11 of of IN 7960 9757 12 the the DT 7960 9757 13 crusades crusade NNS 7960 9757 14 was be VBD 7960 9757 15 on on IN 7960 9757 16 commerce commerce NN 7960 9757 17 . . . 7960 9758 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 9758 2 created create VBD 7960 9758 3 a a DT 7960 9758 4 constant constant JJ 7960 9758 5 demand demand NN 7960 9758 6 for for IN 7960 9758 7 the the DT 7960 9758 8 transportation transportation NN 7960 9758 9 of of IN 7960 9758 10 men man NNS 7960 9758 11 and and CC 7960 9758 12 supplies supply NNS 7960 9758 13 , , , 7960 9758 14 encouraged encourage VBD 7960 9758 15 ship ship NN 7960 9758 16 - - HYPH 7960 9758 17 building building NN 7960 9758 18 , , , 7960 9758 19 and and CC 7960 9758 20 extended extend VBD 7960 9758 21 the the DT 7960 9758 22 market market NN 7960 9758 23 for for IN 7960 9758 24 eastern eastern JJ 7960 9758 25 wares ware NNS 7960 9758 26 in in IN 7960 9758 27 Europe Europe NNP 7960 9758 28 . . . 7960 9759 1 The the DT 7960 9759 2 products product NNS 7960 9759 3 of of IN 7960 9759 4 Damascus Damascus NNP 7960 9759 5 , , , 7960 9759 6 Mosul Mosul NNP 7960 9759 7 , , , 7960 9759 8 Alexandria Alexandria NNP 7960 9759 9 , , , 7960 9759 10 Cairo Cairo NNP 7960 9759 11 , , , 7960 9759 12 and and CC 7960 9759 13 other other JJ 7960 9759 14 great great JJ 7960 9759 15 cities city NNS 7960 9759 16 were be VBD 7960 9759 17 carried carry VBN 7960 9759 18 across across IN 7960 9759 19 the the DT 7960 9759 20 Mediterranean Mediterranean NNP 7960 9759 21 to to IN 7960 9759 22 the the DT 7960 9759 23 Italian italian JJ 7960 9759 24 seaports seaport NNS 7960 9759 25 , , , 7960 9759 26 whence whence NN 7960 9759 27 they -PRON- PRP 7960 9759 28 found find VBD 7960 9759 29 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9759 30 way way NN 7960 9759 31 into into IN 7960 9759 32 all all DT 7960 9759 33 European european JJ 7960 9759 34 lands land NNS 7960 9759 35 . . . 7960 9760 1 The the DT 7960 9760 2 elegance elegance NN 7960 9760 3 of of IN 7960 9760 4 the the DT 7960 9760 5 Orient Orient NNP 7960 9760 6 , , , 7960 9760 7 with with IN 7960 9760 8 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9760 9 silks silk NNS 7960 9760 10 , , , 7960 9760 11 tapestries tapestry NNS 7960 9760 12 , , , 7960 9760 13 precious precious JJ 7960 9760 14 stones stone NNS 7960 9760 15 , , , 7960 9760 16 perfumes perfume NNS 7960 9760 17 , , , 7960 9760 18 spices spice NNS 7960 9760 19 , , , 7960 9760 20 pearls pearl NNS 7960 9760 21 , , , 7960 9760 22 and and CC 7960 9760 23 ivory ivory NN 7960 9760 24 , , , 7960 9760 25 was be VBD 7960 9760 26 so so RB 7960 9760 27 enchanting enchanting JJ 7960 9760 28 that that IN 7960 9760 29 an an DT 7960 9760 30 enthusiastic enthusiastic JJ 7960 9760 31 crusader crusader NN 7960 9760 32 called call VBD 7960 9760 33 it -PRON- PRP 7960 9760 34 " " `` 7960 9760 35 the the DT 7960 9760 36 vestibule vestibule NN 7960 9760 37 of of IN 7960 9760 38 Paradise Paradise NNP 7960 9760 39 . . . 7960 9760 40 " " '' 7960 9761 1 THE the DT 7960 9761 2 CRUSADES CRUSADES NNP 7960 9761 3 AND and CC 7960 9761 4 INTELLECTUAL INTELLECTUAL NNP 7960 9761 5 LIFE LIFE NNP 7960 9761 6 Finally finally RB 7960 9761 7 , , , 7960 9761 8 it -PRON- PRP 7960 9761 9 must must MD 7960 9761 10 be be VB 7960 9761 11 noted note VBN 7960 9761 12 how how WRB 7960 9761 13 much much JJ 7960 9761 14 the the DT 7960 9761 15 crusades crusade NNS 7960 9761 16 contributed contribute VBD 7960 9761 17 to to IN 7960 9761 18 intellectual intellectual JJ 7960 9761 19 and and CC 7960 9761 20 social social JJ 7960 9761 21 progress progress NN 7960 9761 22 . . . 7960 9762 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 9762 2 brought bring VBD 7960 9762 3 the the DT 7960 9762 4 inhabitants inhabitant NNS 7960 9762 5 of of IN 7960 9762 6 western western JJ 7960 9762 7 Europe Europe NNP 7960 9762 8 into into IN 7960 9762 9 close close JJ 7960 9762 10 relations relation NNS 7960 9762 11 with with IN 7960 9762 12 one one CD 7960 9762 13 another another DT 7960 9762 14 , , , 7960 9762 15 with with IN 7960 9762 16 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9762 17 fellow fellow JJ 7960 9762 18 Christians Christians NNPS 7960 9762 19 of of IN 7960 9762 20 the the DT 7960 9762 21 Roman Roman NNP 7960 9762 22 Empire Empire NNP 7960 9762 23 in in IN 7960 9762 24 the the DT 7960 9762 25 East East NNP 7960 9762 26 , , , 7960 9762 27 and and CC 7960 9762 28 with with IN 7960 9762 29 the the DT 7960 9762 30 natives native NNS 7960 9762 31 of of IN 7960 9762 32 Asia Asia NNP 7960 9762 33 Minor 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from from IN 7960 9764 9 travel travel NN 7960 9764 10 in in IN 7960 9764 11 strange strange JJ 7960 9764 12 lands land NNS 7960 9764 13 and and CC 7960 9764 14 among among IN 7960 9764 15 unfamiliar unfamiliar JJ 7960 9764 16 peoples people NNS 7960 9764 17 . . . 7960 9765 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 9765 2 went go VBD 7960 9765 3 out out RP 7960 9765 4 from from IN 7960 9765 5 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9765 6 castles castle NNS 7960 9765 7 or or CC 7960 9765 8 villages village NNS 7960 9765 9 to to TO 7960 9765 10 see see VB 7960 9765 11 great great JJ 7960 9765 12 cities city NNS 7960 9765 13 , , , 7960 9765 14 marble marble NN 7960 9765 15 palaces palace NNS 7960 9765 16 , , , 7960 9765 17 superb superb NNP 7960 9765 18 dresses dress NNS 7960 9765 19 , , , 7960 9765 20 and and CC 7960 9765 21 elegant elegant JJ 7960 9765 22 manners manner NNS 7960 9765 23 ; ; : 7960 9765 24 they -PRON- PRP 7960 9765 25 returned return VBD 7960 9765 26 with with IN 7960 9765 27 finer finer NN 7960 9765 28 tastes taste NNS 7960 9765 29 , , , 7960 9765 30 broader broad JJR 7960 9765 31 ideas idea NNS 7960 9765 32 , , , 7960 9765 33 and and CC 7960 9765 34 wider wide JJR 7960 9765 35 sympathies sympathy NNS 7960 9765 36 . . . 7960 9766 1 Like like IN 7960 9766 2 the the DT 7960 9766 3 conquests conquest NNS 7960 9766 4 of of IN 7960 9766 5 Alexander Alexander NNP 7960 9766 6 the the DT 7960 9766 7 Great Great NNP 7960 9766 8 , , , 7960 9766 9 the the DT 7960 9766 10 crusades crusade NNS 7960 9766 11 opened open VBD 7960 9766 12 up up RP 7960 9766 13 a a DT 7960 9766 14 new new JJ 7960 9766 15 world world NN 7960 9766 16 . . . 7960 9767 1 SIGNIFICANCE significance NN 7960 9767 2 OF of IN 7960 9767 3 THE the DT 7960 9767 4 CRUSADES CRUSADES NNP 7960 9767 5 When when WRB 7960 9767 6 all all DT 7960 9767 7 is be VBZ 7960 9767 8 said say VBN 7960 9767 9 , , , 7960 9767 10 the the DT 7960 9767 11 crusades crusade NNS 7960 9767 12 remain remain VBP 7960 9767 13 one one CD 7960 9767 14 of of IN 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A.D. NNP 7960 9777 8 ; ; : 7960 9777 9 1095 1095 CD 7960 9777 10 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 9777 11 ; ; : 7960 9777 12 1096 1096 CD 7960 9777 13 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 9777 14 ; ; : 7960 9777 15 1291 1291 CD 7960 9777 16 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 9777 17 5 5 CD 7960 9777 18 . . . 7960 9778 1 Write write VB 7960 9778 2 a a DT 7960 9778 3 short short JJ 7960 9778 4 essay essay NN 7960 9778 5 describing describe VBG 7960 9778 6 the the DT 7960 9778 7 imaginary imaginary JJ 7960 9778 8 experiences experience NNS 7960 9778 9 of of IN 7960 9778 10 a a DT 7960 9778 11 crusader crusader NN 7960 9778 12 to to IN 7960 9778 13 the the DT 7960 9778 14 Holy Holy NNP 7960 9778 15 Land Land NNP 7960 9778 16 . . . 7960 9779 1 6 6 CD 7960 9779 2 . . . 7960 9780 1 Mention mention VB 7960 9780 2 some some DT 7960 9780 3 instances instance NNS 7960 9780 4 which which WDT 7960 9780 5 illustrate illustrate VBP 7960 9780 6 the the DT 7960 9780 7 religious religious JJ 7960 9780 8 enthusiasm enthusiasm NN 7960 9780 9 of of IN 7960 9780 10 the the DT 7960 9780 11 crusaders crusader NNS 7960 9780 12 . . . 7960 9781 1 7 7 LS 7960 9781 2 . . . 7960 9782 1 Compare compare VB 7960 9782 2 the the DT 7960 9782 3 Mohammedan Mohammedan NNP 7960 9782 4 pilgrimage pilgrimage NN 7960 9782 5 to to IN 7960 9782 6 Mecca Mecca NNP 7960 9782 7 with with IN 7960 9782 8 the the DT 7960 9782 9 pilgrimages pilgrimage NNS 7960 9782 10 of of IN 7960 9782 11 Christians Christians NNPS 7960 9782 12 to to IN 7960 9782 13 Jerusalem Jerusalem NNP 7960 9782 14 in in IN 7960 9782 15 the the DT 7960 9782 16 Middle Middle NNP 7960 9782 17 Ages Ages NNPS 7960 9782 18 . . . 7960 9783 1 8 8 LS 7960 9783 2 . . . 7960 9784 1 Compare compare VB 7960 9784 2 the the DT 7960 9784 3 Christian christian JJ 7960 9784 4 crusade crusade NN 7960 9784 5 with with IN 7960 9784 6 the the DT 7960 9784 7 Mohammedan Mohammedan NNP 7960 9784 8 _ _ NNP 7960 9784 9 jihad jihad NNP 7960 9784 10 _ _ NNP 7960 9784 11 , , , 7960 9784 12 or or CC 7960 9784 13 holy holy JJ 7960 9784 14 war war NN 7960 9784 15 . . . 7960 9785 1 9 9 CD 7960 9785 2 . . . 7960 9786 1 How how WRB 7960 9786 2 did do VBD 7960 9786 3 the the DT 7960 9786 4 expression expression NN 7960 9786 5 , , , 7960 9786 6 a a DT 7960 9786 7 " " `` 7960 9786 8 red red JJ 7960 9786 9 - - HYPH 7960 9786 10 cross cross NN 7960 9786 11 knight knight NN 7960 9786 12 , , , 7960 9786 13 " " `` 7960 9786 14 arise arise VB 7960 9786 15 ? ? . 7960 9787 1 10 10 CD 7960 9787 2 . . . 7960 9788 1 Why why WRB 7960 9788 2 is be VBZ 7960 9788 3 the the DT 7960 9788 4 Second Second NNP 7960 9788 5 Crusade Crusade NNP 7960 9788 6 often often RB 7960 9788 7 called call VBD 7960 9788 8 " " `` 7960 9788 9 St. St. NNP 7960 9788 10 Bernard Bernard NNP 7960 9788 11 's 's POS 7960 9788 12 Crusade Crusade NNP 7960 9788 13 " " '' 7960 9788 14 ? ? . 7960 9789 1 11 11 CD 7960 9789 2 . . . 7960 9790 1 Why why WRB 7960 9790 2 has have VBZ 7960 9790 3 the the DT 7960 9790 4 Third Third NNP 7960 9790 5 Crusade Crusade NNP 7960 9790 6 been be VBN 7960 9790 7 called call VBN 7960 9790 8 " " `` 7960 9790 9 the the DT 7960 9790 10 most most RBS 7960 9790 11 interesting interesting JJ 7960 9790 12 international international JJ 7960 9790 13 expedition expedition NN 7960 9790 14 of of IN 7960 9790 15 the the DT 7960 9790 16 Middle Middle NNP 7960 9790 17 Ages Ages NNPS 7960 9790 18 " " '' 7960 9790 19 ? ? . 7960 9791 1 12 12 CD 7960 9791 2 . . . 7960 9792 1 Would Would MD 7960 9792 2 the the DT 7960 9792 3 crusaders crusader NNS 7960 9792 4 in in IN 7960 9792 5 1204 1204 CD 7960 9792 6 A.D. 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thirteenth JJ 7960 9824 11 and and CC 7960 9824 12 fourteenth fourteenth JJ 7960 9824 13 centuries century NNS 7960 9824 14 by by IN 7960 9824 15 the the DT 7960 9824 16 even even RB 7960 9824 17 more more RBR 7960 9824 18 terrible terrible JJ 7960 9824 19 Mongols Mongols NNPS 7960 9824 20 and and CC 7960 9824 21 Ottoman Ottoman NNP 7960 9824 22 Turks Turks NNPS 7960 9824 23 . . . 7960 9825 1 Their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9825 2 inroads inroad NNS 7960 9825 3 might may MD 7960 9825 4 well well RB 7960 9825 5 be be VB 7960 9825 6 described describe VBN 7960 9825 7 as as IN 7960 9825 8 Asia Asia NNP 7960 9825 9 's 's POS 7960 9825 10 reply reply NN 7960 9825 11 to to IN 7960 9825 12 the the DT 7960 9825 13 crusades crusade NNS 7960 9825 14 , , , 7960 9825 15 as as IN 7960 9825 16 an an DT 7960 9825 17 Asiatic asiatic JJ 7960 9825 18 counter counter NN 7960 9825 19 - - NN 7960 9825 20 attack attack NN 7960 9825 21 upon upon IN 7960 9825 22 Europe Europe NNP 7960 9825 23 . . . 7960 9826 1 MONGOLIA MONGOLIA NNP 7960 9826 2 The the DT 7960 9826 3 Mongols Mongols NNPS 7960 9826 4 , , , 7960 9826 5 who who WP 7960 9826 6 have have VBP 7960 9826 7 given give VBN 7960 9826 8 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9826 9 name name NN 7960 9826 10 to to IN 7960 9826 11 the the DT 7960 9826 12 entire entire JJ 7960 9826 13 race race NN 7960 9826 14 of of IN 7960 9826 15 yellow- yellow- NNP 7960 9826 16 skinned skinned JJ 7960 9826 17 peoples people NNS 7960 9826 18 , , , 7960 9826 19 now now RB 7960 9826 20 chiefly chiefly RB 7960 9826 21 occupy occupy VBP 7960 9826 22 the the DT 7960 9826 23 high high JJ 7960 9826 24 plateau plateau NN 7960 9826 25 bounded bound VBN 7960 9826 26 on on IN 7960 9826 27 the the DT 7960 9826 28 north north NN 7960 9826 29 by by IN 7960 9826 30 Siberia Siberia NNP 7960 9826 31 , , , 7960 9826 32 on on IN 7960 9826 33 the the DT 7960 9826 34 south south NN 7960 9826 35 by by IN 7960 9826 36 China China NNP 7960 9826 37 , , , 7960 9826 38 on on IN 7960 9826 39 the the DT 7960 9826 40 east east NN 7960 9826 41 by by IN 7960 9826 42 Manchuria Manchuria NNP 7960 9826 43 , , , 7960 9826 44 and and CC 7960 9826 45 on on IN 7960 9826 46 the the DT 7960 9826 47 west west NN 7960 9826 48 by by IN 7960 9826 49 Turkestan Turkestan NNP 7960 9826 50 . . . 7960 9827 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 9827 2 2 2 LS 7960 9827 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 9827 4 Although although IN 7960 9827 5 the the DT 7960 9827 6 greater great JJR 7960 9827 7 part part NN 7960 9827 8 of of IN 7960 9827 9 this this DT 7960 9827 10 area area NN 7960 9827 11 consists consist VBZ 7960 9827 12 of of IN 7960 9827 13 the the DT 7960 9827 14 Gobi Gobi NNP 7960 9827 15 desert desert NN 7960 9827 16 , , , 7960 9827 17 there there EX 7960 9827 18 are be VBP 7960 9827 19 many many JJ 7960 9827 20 oases oasis NNS 7960 9827 21 and and CC 7960 9827 22 pastures pasture NNS 7960 9827 23 available available JJ 7960 9827 24 at at IN 7960 9827 25 different different JJ 7960 9827 26 seasons season NNS 7960 9827 27 of of IN 7960 9827 28 the the DT 7960 9827 29 year year NN 7960 9827 30 to to IN 7960 9827 31 the the DT 7960 9827 32 inhabitants inhabitant NNS 7960 9827 33 . . . 7960 9828 1 Hence hence RB 7960 9828 2 the the DT 7960 9828 3 principal principal JJ 7960 9828 4 occupation occupation NN 7960 9828 5 of of IN 7960 9828 6 the the DT 7960 9828 7 Mongols Mongols NNPS 7960 9828 8 has have VBZ 7960 9828 9 always always RB 7960 9828 10 been be VBN 7960 9828 11 cattle cattle NNS 7960 9828 12 breeding breed VBG 7960 9828 13 , , , 7960 9828 14 and and CC 7960 9828 15 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9828 16 horses horse NNS 7960 9828 17 , , , 7960 9828 18 oxen oxen NN 7960 9828 19 , , , 7960 9828 20 sheep sheep NN 7960 9828 21 , , , 7960 9828 22 and and CC 7960 9828 23 camels camel NNS 7960 9828 24 have have VBP 7960 9828 25 always always RB 7960 9828 26 furnished furnish VBN 7960 9828 27 them -PRON- PRP 7960 9828 28 with with IN 7960 9828 29 food food NN 7960 9828 30 and and CC 7960 9828 31 clothing clothing NN 7960 9828 32 . . . 7960 9829 1 MONGOL mongol VB 7960 9829 2 LIFE LIFE NNP 7960 9829 3 AND and CC 7960 9829 4 CHARACTER character NN 7960 9829 5 Like like IN 7960 9829 6 most most JJS 7960 9829 7 nomads nomad NNS 7960 9829 8 the the DT 7960 9829 9 Mongols Mongols NNPS 7960 9829 10 dwell dwell VBP 7960 9829 11 in in IN 7960 9829 12 tents tent NNS 7960 9829 13 , , , 7960 9829 14 each each DT 7960 9829 15 family family NN 7960 9829 16 often often RB 7960 9829 17 by by IN 7960 9829 18 itself -PRON- PRP 7960 9829 19 . . . 7960 9830 1 Severe severe JJ 7960 9830 2 simplicity simplicity NN 7960 9830 3 is be VBZ 7960 9830 4 the the DT 7960 9830 5 rule rule NN 7960 9830 6 of of IN 7960 9830 7 life life NN 7960 9830 8 , , , 7960 9830 9 for for IN 7960 9830 10 property property NN 7960 9830 11 consists consist VBZ 7960 9830 12 of of IN 7960 9830 13 little little JJ 7960 9830 14 more more JJR 7960 9830 15 than than IN 7960 9830 16 one one NN 7960 9830 17 's 's POS 7960 9830 18 flocks flock NNS 7960 9830 19 and and CC 7960 9830 20 herds herd NNS 7960 9830 21 , , , 7960 9830 22 clothes clothe NNS 7960 9830 23 , , , 7960 9830 24 and and CC 7960 9830 25 weapons weapon NNS 7960 9830 26 . . . 7960 9831 1 The the DT 7960 9831 2 modern modern JJ 7960 9831 3 Mongols Mongols NNPS 7960 9831 4 are be VBP 7960 9831 5 a a DT 7960 9831 6 peaceable peaceable JJ 7960 9831 7 , , , 7960 9831 8 kindly kindly RB 7960 9831 9 folk folk NN 7960 9831 10 , , , 7960 9831 11 who who WP 7960 9831 12 have have VBP 7960 9831 13 adopted adopt VBN 7960 9831 14 from from IN 7960 9831 15 Tibet Tibet NNP 7960 9831 16 a a DT 7960 9831 17 debased debase VBN 7960 9831 18 form form NN 7960 9831 19 of of IN 7960 9831 20 Buddhism Buddhism NNP 7960 9831 21 , , , 7960 9831 22 but but CC 7960 9831 23 the the DT 7960 9831 24 Mongols Mongols NNPS 7960 9831 25 of of IN 7960 9831 26 the the DT 7960 9831 27 thirteenth thirteenth JJ 7960 9831 28 century century NN 7960 9831 29 in in IN 7960 9831 30 religion religion NN 7960 9831 31 and and CC 7960 9831 32 morals moral NNS 7960 9831 33 were be VBD 7960 9831 34 scarcely scarcely RB 7960 9831 35 above above IN 7960 9831 36 the the DT 7960 9831 37 level level NN 7960 9831 38 of of IN 7960 9831 39 American American NNP 7960 9831 40 Indians Indians NNPS 7960 9831 41 . . . 7960 9832 1 To to TO 7960 9832 2 ruthless ruthless JJ 7960 9832 3 cruelty cruelty NN 7960 9832 4 and and CC 7960 9832 5 passion passion NN 7960 9832 6 for for IN 7960 9832 7 plunder plunder NN 7960 9832 8 they -PRON- PRP 7960 9832 9 added add VBD 7960 9832 10 an an DT 7960 9832 11 efficiency efficiency NN 7960 9832 12 in in IN 7960 9832 13 warfare warfare NN 7960 9832 14 which which WDT 7960 9832 15 enabled enable VBD 7960 9832 16 them -PRON- PRP 7960 9832 17 , , , 7960 9832 18 within within IN 7960 9832 19 fifty fifty CD 7960 9832 20 years year NNS 7960 9832 21 , , , 7960 9832 22 to to TO 7960 9832 23 overrun overrun NN 7960 9832 24 much much JJ 7960 9832 25 of of IN 7960 9832 26 Asia Asia NNP 7960 9832 27 and and CC 7960 9832 28 the the DT 7960 9832 29 eastern eastern JJ 7960 9832 30 part part NN 7960 9832 31 of of IN 7960 9832 32 Europe Europe NNP 7960 9832 33 . . . 7960 9833 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 9833 2 Illustration illustration NN 7960 9833 3 : : : 7960 9833 4 HUT HUT NNP 7960 9833 5 - - HYPH 7960 9833 6 WAGON wagon NN 7960 9833 7 OF of IN 7960 9833 8 THE the DT 7960 9833 9 MONGOLS MONGOLS NNP 7960 9833 10 ( ( -LRB- 7960 9833 11 RECONSTRUCTION RECONSTRUCTION NNP 7960 9833 12 ) ) -RRB- 7960 9833 13 On on IN 7960 9833 14 the the DT 7960 9833 15 wagon wagon NN 7960 9833 16 was be VBD 7960 9833 17 placed place VBN 7960 9833 18 a a DT 7960 9833 19 sort sort NN 7960 9833 20 of of IN 7960 9833 21 hut hut NNP 7960 9833 22 or or CC 7960 9833 23 pavilion pavilion NN 7960 9833 24 made make VBN 7960 9833 25 of of IN 7960 9833 26 wands wand NNS 7960 9833 27 bound bind VBN 7960 9833 28 together together RB 7960 9833 29 with with IN 7960 9833 30 narrow narrow JJ 7960 9833 31 thongs thong NNS 7960 9833 32 . . . 7960 9834 1 The the DT 7960 9834 2 structure structure NN 7960 9834 3 was be VBD 7960 9834 4 then then RB 7960 9834 5 covered cover VBN 7960 9834 6 with with IN 7960 9834 7 felt feel VBN 7960 9834 8 or or CC 7960 9834 9 cloth cloth NN 7960 9834 10 and and CC 7960 9834 11 provided provide VBN 7960 9834 12 with with IN 7960 9834 13 latticed latticed JJ 7960 9834 14 windows window NNS 7960 9834 15 . . . 7960 9835 1 Hut Hut NNP 7960 9835 2 - - HYPH 7960 9835 3 wagons wagon NNS 7960 9835 4 , , , 7960 9835 5 being be VBG 7960 9835 6 very very RB 7960 9835 7 light light JJ 7960 9835 8 , , , 7960 9835 9 were be VBD 7960 9835 10 sometimes sometimes RB 7960 9835 11 of of IN 7960 9835 12 enormous enormous JJ 7960 9835 13 size size NN 7960 9835 14 . . . 7960 9835 15 ] ] -RRB- 7960 9836 1 MILITARY MILITARY NNP 7960 9836 2 PROWESS PROWESS NNP 7960 9836 3 OF of IN 7960 9836 4 THE the DT 7960 9836 5 MONGOLS MONGOLS NNP 7960 9836 6 The the DT 7960 9836 7 daily daily JJ 7960 9836 8 life life NN 7960 9836 9 of of IN 7960 9836 10 the the DT 7960 9836 11 Mongols Mongols NNPS 7960 9836 12 was be VBD 7960 9836 13 a a DT 7960 9836 14 training training NN 7960 9836 15 school school NN 7960 9836 16 for for IN 7960 9836 17 war war NN 7960 9836 18 . . . 7960 9837 1 Constant constant JJ 7960 9837 2 practice practice NN 7960 9837 3 in in IN 7960 9837 4 riding riding NN 7960 9837 5 , , , 7960 9837 6 scouting scout VBG 7960 9837 7 , , , 7960 9837 8 and and CC 7960 9837 9 the the DT 7960 9837 10 use use NN 7960 9837 11 of of IN 7960 9837 12 arms arm NNS 7960 9837 13 made make VBN 7960 9837 14 every every DT 7960 9837 15 man man NN 7960 9837 16 a a DT 7960 9837 17 soldier soldier NN 7960 9837 18 . . . 7960 9838 1 The the DT 7960 9838 2 words word NNS 7960 9838 3 with with IN 7960 9838 4 which which WDT 7960 9838 5 an an DT 7960 9838 6 ancient ancient JJ 7960 9838 7 Greek greek JJ 7960 9838 8 historian historian NN 7960 9838 9 described describe VBD 7960 9838 10 the the DT 7960 9838 11 savage savage NN 7960 9838 12 Scythians Scythians NNPS 7960 9838 13 applied apply VBD 7960 9838 14 perfectly perfectly RB 7960 9838 15 to to IN 7960 9838 16 the the DT 7960 9838 17 Mongols Mongols NNPS 7960 9838 18 : : : 7960 9838 19 " " `` 7960 9838 20 Having have VBG 7960 9838 21 neither neither DT 7960 9838 22 cities city NNS 7960 9838 23 nor nor CC 7960 9838 24 forts fort NNS 7960 9838 25 , , , 7960 9838 26 and and CC 7960 9838 27 carrying carry VBG 7960 9838 28 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9838 29 dwellings dwelling NNS 7960 9838 30 with with IN 7960 9838 31 them -PRON- PRP 7960 9838 32 wherever wherever WRB 7960 9838 33 they -PRON- PRP 7960 9838 34 go go VBP 7960 9838 35 ; ; : 7960 9838 36 accustomed accustomed JJ 7960 9838 37 , , , 7960 9838 38 moreover moreover RB 7960 9838 39 , , , 7960 9838 40 one one NN 7960 9838 41 and and CC 7960 9838 42 all all DT 7960 9838 43 , , , 7960 9838 44 to to TO 7960 9838 45 shoot shoot VB 7960 9838 46 from from IN 7960 9838 47 horseback horseback NN 7960 9838 48 ; ; : 7960 9838 49 and and CC 7960 9838 50 living live VBG 7960 9838 51 not not RB 7960 9838 52 by by IN 7960 9838 53 husbandry husbandry NN 7960 9838 54 but but CC 7960 9838 55 on on IN 7960 9838 56 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9838 57 cattle cattle NNS 7960 9838 58 , , , 7960 9838 59 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9838 60 wagons wagon NNS 7960 9838 61 the the DT 7960 9838 62 only only JJ 7960 9838 63 houses house NNS 7960 9838 64 that that WDT 7960 9838 65 they -PRON- PRP 7960 9838 66 possess possess VBP 7960 9838 67 , , , 7960 9838 68 how how WRB 7960 9838 69 can can MD 7960 9838 70 they -PRON- PRP 7960 9838 71 fail fail VB 7960 9838 72 of of IN 7960 9838 73 being be VBG 7960 9838 74 irresistible irresistible JJ 7960 9838 75 ? ? . 7960 9838 76 " " '' 7960 9839 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 9839 2 3 3 CD 7960 9839 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 9839 4 176 176 CD 7960 9839 5 . . . 7960 9840 1 CONQUESTS CONQUESTS NNP 7960 9840 2 OF of IN 7960 9840 3 THE the DT 7960 9840 4 MONGOLS MONGOLS NNP 7960 9840 5 , , , 7960 9840 6 1206 1206 CD 7960 9840 7 - - SYM 7960 9840 8 1405 1405 CD 7960 9840 9 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 9840 10 JENGHIZ JENGHIZ NNP 7960 9840 11 KHAN KHAN NNP 7960 9840 12 For for IN 7960 9840 13 ages age NNS 7960 9840 14 the the DT 7960 9840 15 Mongols Mongols NNPS 7960 9840 16 had have VBD 7960 9840 17 dwelt dwell VBN 7960 9840 18 in in IN 7960 9840 19 scattered scatter VBN 7960 9840 20 tribes tribe NNS 7960 9840 21 throughout throughout IN 7960 9840 22 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9840 23 Asiatic asiatic JJ 7960 9840 24 wilderness wilderness NN 7960 9840 25 , , , 7960 9840 26 engaged engage VBN 7960 9840 27 in in IN 7960 9840 28 petty petty JJ 7960 9840 29 struggles struggle NNS 7960 9840 30 with with IN 7960 9840 31 one one CD 7960 9840 32 another another DT 7960 9840 33 for for IN 7960 9840 34 cattle cattle NNS 7960 9840 35 and and CC 7960 9840 36 pasture pasture NN 7960 9840 37 lands land NNS 7960 9840 38 . . . 7960 9841 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 9841 2 was be VBD 7960 9841 3 the the DT 7960 9841 4 celebrated celebrated JJ 7960 9841 5 Jenghiz Jenghiz NNP 7960 9841 6 Khan Khan NNP 7960 9841 7 , , , 7960 9841 8 [ [ -LRB- 7960 9841 9 4 4 CD 7960 9841 10 ] ] -RRB- 7960 9841 11 chief chief NN 7960 9841 12 of of IN 7960 9841 13 one one CD 7960 9841 14 of of IN 7960 9841 15 the the DT 7960 9841 16 tribes tribe NNS 7960 9841 17 , , , 7960 9841 18 who who WP 7960 9841 19 brought bring VBD 7960 9841 20 them -PRON- PRP 7960 9841 21 all all DT 7960 9841 22 under under IN 7960 9841 23 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9841 24 authority authority NN 7960 9841 25 and and CC 7960 9841 26 then then RB 7960 9841 27 led lead VBD 7960 9841 28 them -PRON- PRP 7960 9841 29 to to IN 7960 9841 30 the the DT 7960 9841 31 conquest conquest NN 7960 9841 32 of of IN 7960 9841 33 the the DT 7960 9841 34 world world NN 7960 9841 35 . . . 7960 9842 1 Of of IN 7960 9842 2 him -PRON- PRP 7960 9842 3 it -PRON- PRP 7960 9842 4 may may MD 7960 9842 5 be be VB 7960 9842 6 said say VBN 7960 9842 7 with with IN 7960 9842 8 truth truth NN 7960 9842 9 that that IN 7960 9842 10 he -PRON- PRP 7960 9842 11 had have VBD 7960 9842 12 the the DT 7960 9842 13 most most RBS 7960 9842 14 victorious victorious JJ 7960 9842 15 of of IN 7960 9842 16 military military JJ 7960 9842 17 careers career NNS 7960 9842 18 , , , 7960 9842 19 and and CC 7960 9842 20 that that IN 7960 9842 21 he -PRON- PRP 7960 9842 22 constructed construct VBD 7960 9842 23 the the DT 7960 9842 24 most most RBS 7960 9842 25 extensive extensive JJ 7960 9842 26 empire empire NN 7960 9842 27 known know VBN 7960 9842 28 to to IN 7960 9842 29 history history NN 7960 9842 30 . . . 7960 9843 1 If if IN 7960 9843 2 Jenghiz Jenghiz NNP 7960 9843 3 had have VBD 7960 9843 4 possessed possess VBN 7960 9843 5 the the DT 7960 9843 6 ability ability NN 7960 9843 7 of of IN 7960 9843 8 a a DT 7960 9843 9 statesman statesman NN 7960 9843 10 , , , 7960 9843 11 he -PRON- PRP 7960 9843 12 would would MD 7960 9843 13 have have VB 7960 9843 14 taken take VBN 7960 9843 15 a a DT 7960 9843 16 place place NN 7960 9843 17 by by IN 7960 9843 18 the the DT 7960 9843 19 side side NN 7960 9843 20 of of IN 7960 9843 21 Alexander Alexander NNP 7960 9843 22 the the DT 7960 9843 23 Great Great NNP 7960 9843 24 and and CC 7960 9843 25 Julius Julius NNP 7960 9843 26 Caesar Caesar NNP 7960 9843 27 . . . 7960 9844 1 MONGOL MONGOL NNP 7960 9844 2 EMPIRE empire NN 7960 9844 3 UNDER under IN 7960 9844 4 JENGHIZ JENGHIZ NNP 7960 9844 5 , , , 7960 9844 6 1206 1206 CD 7960 9844 7 - - SYM 7960 9844 8 1227 1227 CD 7960 9844 9 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 9844 10 Jenghiz Jenghiz NNP 7960 9844 11 first first RB 7960 9844 12 sent send VBD 7960 9844 13 the the DT 7960 9844 14 Mongol Mongol NNP 7960 9844 15 armies army NNS 7960 9844 16 , , , 7960 9844 17 which which WDT 7960 9844 18 contained contain VBD 7960 9844 19 many many JJ 7960 9844 20 Turkish turkish JJ 7960 9844 21 allies ally NNS 7960 9844 22 , , , 7960 9844 23 over over IN 7960 9844 24 the the DT 7960 9844 25 Great Great NNP 7960 9844 26 Wall Wall NNP 7960 9844 27 [ [ -LRB- 7960 9844 28 5 5 CD 7960 9844 29 ] ] -RRB- 7960 9844 30 and and CC 7960 9844 31 into into IN 7960 9844 32 the the DT 7960 9844 33 fertile fertile JJ 7960 9844 34 plains plain NNS 7960 9844 35 of of IN 7960 9844 36 China China NNP 7960 9844 37 . . . 7960 9845 1 All all PDT 7960 9845 2 the the DT 7960 9845 3 northern northern JJ 7960 9845 4 half half NN 7960 9845 5 of of IN 7960 9845 6 the the DT 7960 9845 7 country country NN 7960 9845 8 was be VBD 7960 9845 9 quickly quickly RB 7960 9845 10 overrun overrun NN 7960 9845 11 . . . 7960 9846 1 Then then RB 7960 9846 2 Jenghiz Jenghiz NNP 7960 9846 3 turned turn VBD 7960 9846 4 westward westward RB 7960 9846 5 and and CC 7960 9846 6 invaded invade VBD 7960 9846 7 Turkestan Turkestan NNP 7960 9846 8 and and CC 7960 9846 9 Persia Persia NNP 7960 9846 10 . . . 7960 9847 1 Seven seven CD 7960 9847 2 centuries century NNS 7960 9847 3 have have VBP 7960 9847 4 not not RB 7960 9847 5 sufficed suffice VBN 7960 9847 6 to to TO 7960 9847 7 repair repair VB 7960 9847 8 the the DT 7960 9847 9 damage damage NN 7960 9847 10 which which WDT 7960 9847 11 the the DT 7960 9847 12 Mongols Mongols NNPS 7960 9847 13 wrought work VBD 7960 9847 14 in in IN 7960 9847 15 this this DT 7960 9847 16 once- once- JJ 7960 9847 17 prosperous prosperous JJ 7960 9847 18 land land NN 7960 9847 19 . . . 7960 9848 1 The the DT 7960 9848 2 great great JJ 7960 9848 3 cities city NNS 7960 9848 4 of of IN 7960 9848 5 Bokhara Bokhara NNP 7960 9848 6 , , , 7960 9848 7 Samarkand Samarkand NNP 7960 9848 8 , , , 7960 9848 9 Merv Merv NNP 7960 9848 10 , , , 7960 9848 11 and and CC 7960 9848 12 Herat Herat NNP 7960 9848 13 , , , 7960 9848 14 [ [ -LRB- 7960 9848 15 6 6 CD 7960 9848 16 ] ] -RRB- 7960 9848 17 long long JJ 7960 9848 18 centers center NNS 7960 9848 19 of of IN 7960 9848 20 Moslem Moslem NNP 7960 9848 21 culture culture NN 7960 9848 22 , , , 7960 9848 23 were be VBD 7960 9848 24 pillaged pillage VBN 7960 9848 25 and and CC 7960 9848 26 burned burn VBN 7960 9848 27 , , , 7960 9848 28 and and CC 7960 9848 29 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9848 30 inhabitants inhabitant NNS 7960 9848 31 were be VBD 7960 9848 32 put put VBN 7960 9848 33 to to IN 7960 9848 34 the the DT 7960 9848 35 sword sword NN 7960 9848 36 . . . 7960 9849 1 Like like IN 7960 9849 2 the the DT 7960 9849 3 Huns Huns NNP 7960 9849 4 the the DT 7960 9849 5 Mongols Mongols NNPS 7960 9849 6 seemed seem VBD 7960 9849 7 a a DT 7960 9849 8 scourge scourge NN 7960 9849 9 sent send VBN 7960 9849 10 by by IN 7960 9849 11 God God NNP 7960 9849 12 . . . 7960 9850 1 Still still RB 7960 9850 2 further further JJ 7960 9850 3 conquests conquest NNS 7960 9850 4 enlarged enlarge VBD 7960 9850 5 the the DT 7960 9850 6 empire empire NN 7960 9850 7 , , , 7960 9850 8 which which WDT 7960 9850 9 at at IN 7960 9850 10 the the DT 7960 9850 11 death death NN 7960 9850 12 of of IN 7960 9850 13 Jenghiz Jenghiz NNS 7960 9850 14 in in IN 7960 9850 15 1227 1227 CD 7960 9850 16 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 9850 17 stretched stretch VBN 7960 9850 18 from from IN 7960 9850 19 the the DT 7960 9850 20 Dnieper Dnieper NNP 7960 9850 21 River River NNP 7960 9850 22 to to IN 7960 9850 23 the the DT 7960 9850 24 China China NNP 7960 9850 25 Sea Sea NNP 7960 9850 26 . . . 7960 9851 1 MONGOL MONGOL NNP 7960 9851 2 EMPIRE empire NN 7960 9851 3 UNDER under IN 7960 9851 4 THE the DT 7960 9851 5 SUCCESSORS SUCCESSORS NNP 7960 9851 6 OF of IN 7960 9851 7 JENGHIZ JENGHIZ NNP 7960 9851 8 The the DT 7960 9851 9 Mongol Mongol NNP 7960 9851 10 dominions dominion NNS 7960 9851 11 in in IN 7960 9851 12 the the DT 7960 9851 13 thirteenth thirteenth JJ 7960 9851 14 century century NN 7960 9851 15 were be VBD 7960 9851 16 increased increase VBN 7960 9851 17 by by IN 7960 9851 18 the the DT 7960 9851 19 addition addition NN 7960 9851 20 of of IN 7960 9851 21 Korea Korea NNP 7960 9851 22 , , , 7960 9851 23 southern southern JJ 7960 9851 24 China China NNP 7960 9851 25 , , , 7960 9851 26 and and CC 7960 9851 27 Mesopotamia Mesopotamia NNP 7960 9851 28 , , , 7960 9851 29 as as RB 7960 9851 30 well well RB 7960 9851 31 as as IN 7960 9851 32 the the DT 7960 9851 33 greater great JJR 7960 9851 34 part part NN 7960 9851 35 of of IN 7960 9851 36 Asia Asia NNP 7960 9851 37 Minor Minor NNP 7960 9851 38 and and CC 7960 9851 39 Russia Russia NNP 7960 9851 40 . . . 7960 9852 1 Japan Japan NNP 7960 9852 2 , , , 7960 9852 3 indeed indeed RB 7960 9852 4 , , , 7960 9852 5 repulsed repulse VBD 7960 9852 6 the the DT 7960 9852 7 Mongol Mongol NNP 7960 9852 8 hordes horde NNS 7960 9852 9 , , , 7960 9852 10 but but CC 7960 9852 11 at at IN 7960 9852 12 the the DT 7960 9852 13 other other JJ 7960 9852 14 extremity extremity NN 7960 9852 15 of of IN 7960 9852 16 Asia Asia NNP 7960 9852 17 they -PRON- PRP 7960 9852 18 captured capture VBD 7960 9852 19 Bagdad Bagdad NNP 7960 9852 20 , , , 7960 9852 21 sacked sack VBD 7960 9852 22 the the DT 7960 9852 23 city city NN 7960 9852 24 , , , 7960 9852 25 and and CC 7960 9852 26 brought bring VBD 7960 9852 27 the the DT 7960 9852 28 caliphate caliphate NN 7960 9852 29 to to IN 7960 9852 30 an an DT 7960 9852 31 end end NN 7960 9852 32 . . . 7960 9853 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 9853 2 7 7 LS 7960 9853 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 9853 4 The the DT 7960 9853 5 Mongol Mongol NNP 7960 9853 6 realm realm NN 7960 9853 7 was be VBD 7960 9853 8 very very RB 7960 9853 9 loosely loosely RB 7960 9853 10 organized organize VBN 7960 9853 11 , , , 7960 9853 12 however however RB 7960 9853 13 , , , 7960 9853 14 and and CC 7960 9853 15 during during IN 7960 9853 16 the the DT 7960 9853 17 fourteenth fourteenth JJ 7960 9853 18 century century NN 7960 9853 19 it -PRON- PRP 7960 9853 20 fell fall VBD 7960 9853 21 apart apart RB 7960 9853 22 into into IN 7960 9853 23 a a DT 7960 9853 24 number number NN 7960 9853 25 of of IN 7960 9853 26 independent independent JJ 7960 9853 27 states state NNS 7960 9853 28 , , , 7960 9853 29 or or CC 7960 9853 30 khanates khanate NNS 7960 9853 31 . . . 7960 9854 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 9854 2 Illustration illustration NN 7960 9854 3 : : : 7960 9854 4 Map Map NNP 7960 9854 5 , , , 7960 9854 6 THE the DT 7960 9854 7 MONGOL MONGOL NNP 7960 9854 8 EMPIRE empire NN 7960 9854 9 ] ] -RRB- 7960 9854 10 TIMUR TIMUR VBD 7960 9854 11 THE the DT 7960 9854 12 LAME LAME NNP 7960 9854 13 , , , 7960 9854 14 DIED DIED NNP 7960 9854 15 1405 1405 CD 7960 9854 16 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 9855 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 9855 2 was be VBD 7960 9855 3 reserved reserve VBN 7960 9855 4 for for IN 7960 9855 5 another another DT 7960 9855 6 renowned renowned JJ 7960 9855 7 Oriental oriental JJ 7960 9855 8 monarch monarch NN 7960 9855 9 , , , 7960 9855 10 Timur Timur NNP 7960 9855 11 the the DT 7960 9855 12 Lame Lame NNP 7960 9855 13 , , , 7960 9855 14 [ [ -LRB- 7960 9855 15 8 8 CD 7960 9855 16 ] ] -RRB- 7960 9855 17 to to TO 7960 9855 18 restore restore VB 7960 9855 19 the the DT 7960 9855 20 empire empire NN 7960 9855 21 of of IN 7960 9855 22 Jenghiz Jenghiz NNP 7960 9855 23 Khan Khan NNP 7960 9855 24 . . . 7960 9856 1 His -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9856 2 biographers biographer NNS 7960 9856 3 traced trace VBD 7960 9856 4 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9856 5 descent descent NN 7960 9856 6 from from IN 7960 9856 7 that that DT 7960 9856 8 famous famous JJ 7960 9856 9 Mongol Mongol NNP 7960 9856 10 , , , 7960 9856 11 but but CC 7960 9856 12 Timur Timur NNP 7960 9856 13 was be VBD 7960 9856 14 a a DT 7960 9856 15 Turk Turk NNP 7960 9856 16 and and CC 7960 9856 17 an an DT 7960 9856 18 adherent adherent NN 7960 9856 19 of of IN 7960 9856 20 Islam Islam NNP 7960 9856 21 . . . 7960 9857 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 9857 2 has have VBZ 7960 9857 3 come come VBN 7960 9857 4 down down RP 7960 9857 5 to to IN 7960 9857 6 us -PRON- PRP 7960 9857 7 as as IN 7960 9857 8 perhaps perhaps RB 7960 9857 9 the the DT 7960 9857 10 most most RBS 7960 9857 11 terrible terrible JJ 7960 9857 12 personification personification NN 7960 9857 13 in in IN 7960 9857 14 history history NN 7960 9857 15 of of IN 7960 9857 16 the the DT 7960 9857 17 evil evil JJ 7960 9857 18 spirit spirit NN 7960 9857 19 of of IN 7960 9857 20 conquest conquest NNP 7960 9857 21 . . . 7960 9858 1 Such such JJ 7960 9858 2 distant distant JJ 7960 9858 3 regions region NNS 7960 9858 4 as as IN 7960 9858 5 India India NNP 7960 9858 6 , , , 7960 9858 7 Syria Syria NNP 7960 9858 8 , , , 7960 9858 9 Armenia Armenia NNP 7960 9858 10 , , , 7960 9858 11 Asia Asia NNP 7960 9858 12 Minor Minor NNP 7960 9858 13 , , , 7960 9858 14 and and CC 7960 9858 15 Russia Russia NNP 7960 9858 16 were be VBD 7960 9858 17 traversed traverse VBN 7960 9858 18 by by IN 7960 9858 19 Timur Timur NNP 7960 9858 20 's 's POS 7960 9858 21 soldiers soldier NNS 7960 9858 22 , , , 7960 9858 23 who who WP 7960 9858 24 left leave VBD 7960 9858 25 behind behind IN 7960 9858 26 them -PRON- PRP 7960 9858 27 only only RB 7960 9858 28 the the DT 7960 9858 29 smoking smoking NN 7960 9858 30 ruins ruin VBZ 7960 9858 31 of of IN 7960 9858 32 a a DT 7960 9858 33 thousand thousand CD 7960 9858 34 cities city NNS 7960 9858 35 and and CC 7960 9858 36 abominable abominable JJ 7960 9858 37 trophies trophy NNS 7960 9858 38 in in IN 7960 9858 39 the the DT 7960 9858 40 shape shape NN 7960 9858 41 of of IN 7960 9858 42 columns column NNS 7960 9858 43 or or CC 7960 9858 44 pyramids pyramid NNS 7960 9858 45 of of IN 7960 9858 46 human human JJ 7960 9858 47 heads head NNS 7960 9858 48 . . . 7960 9859 1 Timur Timur NNP 7960 9859 2 died die VBD 7960 9859 3 in in IN 7960 9859 4 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9859 5 seventieth seventieth JJ 7960 9859 6 year year NN 7960 9859 7 , , , 7960 9859 8 while while IN 7960 9859 9 leading lead VBG 7960 9859 10 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9859 11 troops troop NNS 7960 9859 12 against against IN 7960 9859 13 China China NNP 7960 9859 14 , , , 7960 9859 15 and and CC 7960 9859 16 the the DT 7960 9859 17 extensive extensive JJ 7960 9859 18 empire empire NN 7960 9859 19 which which WDT 7960 9859 20 he -PRON- PRP 7960 9859 21 had have VBD 7960 9859 22 built build VBN 7960 9859 23 up up RP 7960 9859 24 in in IN 7960 9859 25 Asia Asia NNP 7960 9859 26 soon soon RB 7960 9859 27 crumbled crumble VBD 7960 9859 28 to to IN 7960 9859 29 pieces piece NNS 7960 9859 30 . . . 7960 9860 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 9860 2 Illustration illustration NN 7960 9860 3 : : : 7960 9860 4 TOMB tomb NN 7960 9860 5 OF of IN 7960 9860 6 TIMUR TIMUR NNP 7960 9860 7 AT at IN 7960 9860 8 SAMARKAND SAMARKAND NNP 7960 9860 9 Samarkand Samarkand NNP 7960 9860 10 in in IN 7960 9860 11 Russian Russian NNP 7960 9860 12 Central Central NNP 7960 9860 13 Asia Asia NNP 7960 9860 14 became become VBD 7960 9860 15 Timur Timur NNP 7960 9860 16 's 's POS 7960 9860 17 capital capital NN 7960 9860 18 in in IN 7960 9860 19 1369 1369 CD 7960 9860 20 AD ad NN 7960 9860 21 . . . 7960 9861 1 The the DT 7960 9861 2 city city NN 7960 9861 3 was be VBD 7960 9861 4 once once RB 7960 9861 5 a a DT 7960 9861 6 center center NN 7960 9861 7 of of IN 7960 9861 8 Mohammedan Mohammedan NNP 7960 9861 9 wealth wealth NN 7960 9861 10 and and CC 7960 9861 11 culture culture NN 7960 9861 12 , , , 7960 9861 13 famous famous JJ 7960 9861 14 for for IN 7960 9861 15 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9861 16 beautiful beautiful JJ 7960 9861 17 mosques mosque NNS 7960 9861 18 , , , 7960 9861 19 palaces palace NNS 7960 9861 20 , , , 7960 9861 21 and and CC 7960 9861 22 colleges college NNS 7960 9861 23 . . . 7960 9862 1 The the DT 7960 9862 2 Gur Gur NNP 7960 9862 3 - - HYPH 7960 9862 4 Amir Amir NNP 7960 9862 5 , , , 7960 9862 6 or or CC 7960 9862 7 tomb tomb NN 7960 9862 8 of of IN 7960 9862 9 Timur Timur NNP 7960 9862 10 , , , 7960 9862 11 consists consist VBZ 7960 9862 12 of of IN 7960 9862 13 a a DT 7960 9862 14 chapel chapel NN 7960 9862 15 , , , 7960 9862 16 crowned crown VBN 7960 9862 17 by by IN 7960 9862 18 a a DT 7960 9862 19 dome dome NN 7960 9862 20 and and CC 7960 9862 21 enclosed enclose VBN 7960 9862 22 by by IN 7960 9862 23 a a DT 7960 9862 24 wall wall NN 7960 9862 25 . . . 7960 9863 1 Time time NN 7960 9863 2 and and CC 7960 9863 3 earthquakes earthquake NNS 7960 9863 4 have have VBP 7960 9863 5 greatly greatly RB 7960 9863 6 injured injure VBN 7960 9863 7 this this DT 7960 9863 8 fine fine JJ 7960 9863 9 building building NN 7960 9863 10 . . . 7960 9864 1 The the DT 7960 9864 2 remains remain NNS 7960 9864 3 of of IN 7960 9864 4 Timur timur JJ 7960 9864 5 lie lie NN 7960 9864 6 here here RB 7960 9864 7 under under IN 7960 9864 8 a a DT 7960 9864 9 huge huge JJ 7960 9864 10 block block NN 7960 9864 11 of of IN 7960 9864 12 jade jade NNP 7960 9864 13 . . . 7960 9864 14 ] ] -RRB- 7960 9865 1 177 177 CD 7960 9865 2 . . . 7960 9866 1 THE the DT 7960 9866 2 MONGOLS MONGOLS NNP 7960 9866 3 IN in IN 7960 9866 4 CHINA CHINA NNP 7960 9866 5 AND and CC 7960 9866 6 INDIA INDIA NNP 7960 9866 7 MONGOL MONGOL NNP 7960 9866 8 SWAY SWAY NNP 7960 9866 9 IN in IN 7960 9866 10 CHINA CHINA NNP 7960 9866 11 The the DT 7960 9866 12 Mongols Mongols NNPS 7960 9866 13 ruled rule VBD 7960 9866 14 over over IN 7960 9866 15 China China NNP 7960 9866 16 for for IN 7960 9866 17 about about RB 7960 9866 18 one one CD 7960 9866 19 hundred hundred CD 7960 9866 20 and and CC 7960 9866 21 fifty fifty CD 7960 9866 22 years year NNS 7960 9866 23 . . . 7960 9867 1 During during IN 7960 9867 2 this this DT 7960 9867 3 period period NN 7960 9867 4 they -PRON- PRP 7960 9867 5 became become VBD 7960 9867 6 thoroughly thoroughly RB 7960 9867 7 imbued imbue VBN 7960 9867 8 with with IN 7960 9867 9 Chinese chinese JJ 7960 9867 10 culture culture NN 7960 9867 11 . . . 7960 9868 1 " " `` 7960 9868 2 China China NNP 7960 9868 3 , , , 7960 9868 4 " " '' 7960 9868 5 said say VBD 7960 9868 6 an an DT 7960 9868 7 old old JJ 7960 9868 8 writer writer NN 7960 9868 9 , , , 7960 9868 10 " " `` 7960 9868 11 is be VBZ 7960 9868 12 a a DT 7960 9868 13 sea sea NN 7960 9868 14 that that WDT 7960 9868 15 salts salt VBZ 7960 9868 16 all all PDT 7960 9868 17 the the DT 7960 9868 18 rivers river NNS 7960 9868 19 flowing flow VBG 7960 9868 20 into into IN 7960 9868 21 it -PRON- PRP 7960 9868 22 . . . 7960 9868 23 " " '' 7960 9869 1 The the DT 7960 9869 2 most most RBS 7960 9869 3 eminent eminent JJ 7960 9869 4 of of IN 7960 9869 5 the the DT 7960 9869 6 Mongol Mongol NNP 7960 9869 7 emperors emperor NNS 7960 9869 8 was be VBD 7960 9869 9 Jenghiz Jenghiz NNP 7960 9869 10 Khan Khan NNP 7960 9869 11 's 's POS 7960 9869 12 grandson grandson NN 7960 9869 13 , , , 7960 9869 14 Kublai Kublai NNP 7960 9869 15 ( ( -LRB- 7960 9869 16 1259 1259 CD 7960 9869 17 - - SYM 7960 9869 18 1294 1294 CD 7960 9869 19 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 9869 20 ) ) -RRB- 7960 9869 21 . . . 7960 9870 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 9870 2 built build VBD 7960 9870 3 a a DT 7960 9870 4 new new JJ 7960 9870 5 capital capital NN 7960 9870 6 , , , 7960 9870 7 which which WDT 7960 9870 8 in in IN 7960 9870 9 medieval medieval JJ 7960 9870 10 times time NNS 7960 9870 11 was be VBD 7960 9870 12 known know VBN 7960 9870 13 as as IN 7960 9870 14 Cambaluc Cambaluc NNP 7960 9870 15 and and CC 7960 9870 16 is be VBZ 7960 9870 17 now now RB 7960 9870 18 called call VBN 7960 9870 19 Peking Peking NNP 7960 9870 20 . . . 7960 9871 1 While while IN 7960 9871 2 Kublai Kublai NNP 7960 9871 3 was be VBD 7960 9871 4 on on IN 7960 9871 5 the the DT 7960 9871 6 throne throne NN 7960 9871 7 , , , 7960 9871 8 the the DT 7960 9871 9 Venetian venetian JJ 7960 9871 10 traveler traveler NN 7960 9871 11 , , , 7960 9871 12 Marco Marco NNP 7960 9871 13 Polo Polo NNP 7960 9871 14 , , , 7960 9871 15 [ [ -LRB- 7960 9871 16 9 9 CD 7960 9871 17 ] ] -RRB- 7960 9871 18 visited visit VBD 7960 9871 19 China China NNP 7960 9871 20 , , , 7960 9871 21 and and CC 7960 9871 22 he -PRON- PRP 7960 9871 23 describes describe VBZ 7960 9871 24 in in IN 7960 9871 25 glowing glow VBG 7960 9871 26 colors color NNS 7960 9871 27 the the DT 7960 9871 28 virtues virtue NNS 7960 9871 29 and and CC 7960 9871 30 glories glory NNS 7960 9871 31 of of IN 7960 9871 32 the the DT 7960 9871 33 " " `` 7960 9871 34 Great Great NNP 7960 9871 35 Khan Khan NNP 7960 9871 36 . . . 7960 9871 37 " " '' 7960 9872 1 There there EX 7960 9872 2 appears appear VBZ 7960 9872 3 to to TO 7960 9872 4 have have VB 7960 9872 5 been be VBN 7960 9872 6 considerable considerable JJ 7960 9872 7 trade trade NN 7960 9872 8 between between IN 7960 9872 9 Europe Europe NNP 7960 9872 10 and and CC 7960 9872 11 China China NNP 7960 9872 12 at at IN 7960 9872 13 this this DT 7960 9872 14 time time NN 7960 9872 15 , , , 7960 9872 16 and and CC 7960 9872 17 Franciscan franciscan JJ 7960 9872 18 missionaries missionary NNS 7960 9872 19 and and CC 7960 9872 20 papal papal JJ 7960 9872 21 legates legate NNS 7960 9872 22 penetrated penetrate VBD 7960 9872 23 to to IN 7960 9872 24 the the DT 7960 9872 25 remote remote JJ 7960 9872 26 East East NNP 7960 9872 27 . . . 7960 9873 1 After after IN 7960 9873 2 the the DT 7960 9873 3 downfall downfall NN 7960 9873 4 of of IN 7960 9873 5 the the DT 7960 9873 6 Mongol Mongol NNP 7960 9873 7 dynasty dynasty NN 7960 9873 8 in in IN 7960 9873 9 1368 1368 CD 7960 9873 10 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 9873 11 China China NNP 7960 9873 12 again again RB 7960 9873 13 shut shut VBD 7960 9873 14 her -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9873 15 doors door NNS 7960 9873 16 to to IN 7960 9873 17 foreign foreign JJ 7960 9873 18 peoples people NNS 7960 9873 19 . . . 7960 9874 1 All all DT 7960 9874 2 intercourse intercourse NN 7960 9874 3 with with IN 7960 9874 4 Europe Europe NNP 7960 9874 5 ceased cease VBD 7960 9874 6 until until IN 7960 9874 7 the the DT 7960 9874 8 arrival arrival NN 7960 9874 9 of of IN 7960 9874 10 the the DT 7960 9874 11 Portuguese Portuguese NNPS 7960 9874 12 in in IN 7960 9874 13 the the DT 7960 9874 14 sixteenth sixteenth JJ 7960 9874 15 century century NN 7960 9874 16 . . . 7960 9875 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 9875 2 10 10 CD 7960 9875 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 9875 4 TIMUR timur JJ 7960 9875 5 AND and CC 7960 9875 6 BABER baber NN 7960 9875 7 IN in IN 7960 9875 8 INDIA INDIA NNP 7960 9875 9 Northern Northern NNP 7960 9875 10 India India NNP 7960 9875 11 , , , 7960 9875 12 which which WDT 7960 9875 13 in in IN 7960 9875 14 earlier early JJR 7960 9875 15 ages age NNS 7960 9875 16 had have VBD 7960 9875 17 witnessed witness VBN 7960 9875 18 the the DT 7960 9875 19 coming coming NN 7960 9875 20 of of IN 7960 9875 21 Persian Persian NNP 7960 9875 22 , , , 7960 9875 23 Macedonian Macedonian NNP 7960 9875 24 , , , 7960 9875 25 and and CC 7960 9875 26 Arabian arabian JJ 7960 9875 27 conquerors conqueror NNS 7960 9875 28 , , , 7960 9875 29 did do VBD 7960 9875 30 not not RB 7960 9875 31 escape escape VB 7960 9875 32 visitations visitation NNS 7960 9875 33 by by IN 7960 9875 34 fresh fresh JJ 7960 9875 35 Asiatic asiatic JJ 7960 9875 36 hordes horde NNS 7960 9875 37 . . . 7960 9876 1 Timur timur VB 7960 9876 2 the the DT 7960 9876 3 Lame Lame NNP 7960 9876 4 , , , 7960 9876 5 at at IN 7960 9876 6 the the DT 7960 9876 7 head head NN 7960 9876 8 of of IN 7960 9876 9 an an DT 7960 9876 10 innumerable innumerable JJ 7960 9876 11 host host NN 7960 9876 12 , , , 7960 9876 13 rushed rush VBD 7960 9876 14 down down RP 7960 9876 15 upon upon IN 7960 9876 16 the the DT 7960 9876 17 banks bank NNS 7960 9876 18 of of IN 7960 9876 19 the the DT 7960 9876 20 Indus Indus NNP 7960 9876 21 and and CC 7960 9876 22 the the DT 7960 9876 23 Ganges Ganges NNPS 7960 9876 24 and and CC 7960 9876 25 sacked sack VBD 7960 9876 26 Delhi Delhi NNP 7960 9876 27 , , , 7960 9876 28 making make VBG 7960 9876 29 there there RB 7960 9876 30 a a DT 7960 9876 31 full full JJ 7960 9876 32 display display NN 7960 9876 33 of of IN 7960 9876 34 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9876 35 unrivaled unrivaled JJ 7960 9876 36 ferocity ferocity NN 7960 9876 37 . . . 7960 9877 1 Timur Timur NNP 7960 9877 2 's 's POS 7960 9877 3 invasion invasion NN 7960 9877 4 left leave VBD 7960 9877 5 no no DT 7960 9877 6 permanent permanent JJ 7960 9877 7 impress impress NN 7960 9877 8 on on IN 7960 9877 9 the the DT 7960 9877 10 history history NN 7960 9877 11 of of IN 7960 9877 12 India India NNP 7960 9877 13 , , , 7960 9877 14 but but CC 7960 9877 15 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9877 16 memory memory NN 7960 9877 17 fired fire VBD 7960 9877 18 the the DT 7960 9877 19 imagination imagination NN 7960 9877 20 of of IN 7960 9877 21 another another DT 7960 9877 22 Turkish turkish JJ 7960 9877 23 chieftain chieftain NN 7960 9877 24 , , , 7960 9877 25 Baber Baber NNP 7960 9877 26 , , , 7960 9877 27 a a DT 7960 9877 28 remote remote JJ 7960 9877 29 descendant descendant NN 7960 9877 30 of of IN 7960 9877 31 Timur Timur NNP 7960 9877 32 . . . 7960 9878 1 In in IN 7960 9878 2 1525 1525 CD 7960 9878 3 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 9878 4 he -PRON- PRP 7960 9878 5 invaded invade VBD 7960 9878 6 India India NNP 7960 9878 7 and and CC 7960 9878 8 speedily speedily RB 7960 9878 9 made make VBD 7960 9878 10 himself -PRON- PRP 7960 9878 11 master master NN 7960 9878 12 of of IN 7960 9878 13 the the DT 7960 9878 14 northern northern JJ 7960 9878 15 part part NN 7960 9878 16 of of IN 7960 9878 17 the the DT 7960 9878 18 country country NN 7960 9878 19 . . . 7960 9879 1 EMPIRE empire NN 7960 9879 2 OF of IN 7960 9879 3 THE the DT 7960 9879 4 MOGULS MOGULS NNP 7960 9879 5 The the DT 7960 9879 6 empire empire NN 7960 9879 7 which which WDT 7960 9879 8 Baber Baber NNP 7960 9879 9 established establish VBD 7960 9879 10 in in IN 7960 9879 11 India India NNP 7960 9879 12 is be VBZ 7960 9879 13 known know VBN 7960 9879 14 as as IN 7960 9879 15 that that DT 7960 9879 16 of of IN 7960 9879 17 the the DT 7960 9879 18 Moguls Moguls NNP 7960 9879 19 , , , 7960 9879 20 an an DT 7960 9879 21 Arabic arabic JJ 7960 9879 22 form form NN 7960 9879 23 of of IN 7960 9879 24 the the DT 7960 9879 25 word word NN 7960 9879 26 Mongol Mongol NNP 7960 9879 27 . . . 7960 9880 1 The the DT 7960 9880 2 Moguls Moguls NNPS 7960 9880 3 , , , 7960 9880 4 however however RB 7960 9880 5 , , , 7960 9880 6 were be VBD 7960 9880 7 Turkish turkish JJ 7960 9880 8 in in IN 7960 9880 9 blood blood NN 7960 9880 10 and and CC 7960 9880 11 Mohammedans Mohammedans NNPS 7960 9880 12 in in IN 7960 9880 13 religion religion NN 7960 9880 14 . . . 7960 9881 1 The the DT 7960 9881 2 Mogul Mogul NNP 7960 9881 3 emperors emperor NNS 7960 9881 4 reigned reign VBD 7960 9881 5 in in IN 7960 9881 6 great great JJ 7960 9881 7 splendor splendor NN 7960 9881 8 from from IN 7960 9881 9 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9881 10 capitals capital NNS 7960 9881 11 at at IN 7960 9881 12 Delhi Delhi NNP 7960 9881 13 and and CC 7960 9881 14 Agra Agra NNPS 7960 9881 15 , , , 7960 9881 16 until until IN 7960 9881 17 the the DT 7960 9881 18 decline decline NN 7960 9881 19 of of IN 7960 9881 20 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9881 21 power power NN 7960 9881 22 in in IN 7960 9881 23 the the DT 7960 9881 24 eighteenth eighteenth JJ 7960 9881 25 century century NN 7960 9881 26 opened open VBD 7960 9881 27 the the DT 7960 9881 28 way way NN 7960 9881 29 for for IN 7960 9881 30 the the DT 7960 9881 31 British british JJ 7960 9881 32 conquest conquest NN 7960 9881 33 of of IN 7960 9881 34 India India NNP 7960 9881 35 . . . 7960 9882 1 178 178 CD 7960 9882 2 . . . 7960 9883 1 THE the DT 7960 9883 2 MONGOLS MONGOLS NNP 7960 9883 3 IN in IN 7960 9883 4 EASTERN EASTERN NNP 7960 9883 5 EUROPE EUROPE NNP 7960 9883 6 MONGOL mongol NN 7960 9883 7 CONQUEST conquest NN 7960 9883 8 OF of IN 7960 9883 9 RUSSIA RUSSIA NNP 7960 9883 10 , , , 7960 9883 11 1237 1237 CD 7960 9883 12 - - SYM 7960 9883 13 1240 1240 CD 7960 9883 14 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 9884 1 The the DT 7960 9884 2 location location NN 7960 9884 3 of of IN 7960 9884 4 Russia Russia NNP 7960 9884 5 [ [ -LRB- 7960 9884 6 11 11 CD 7960 9884 7 ] ] -RRB- 7960 9884 8 on on IN 7960 9884 9 the the DT 7960 9884 10 border border NN 7960 9884 11 of of IN 7960 9884 12 Asia Asia NNP 7960 9884 13 exposed expose VBD 7960 9884 14 that that DT 7960 9884 15 country country NN 7960 9884 16 to to IN 7960 9884 17 the the DT 7960 9884 18 full full JJ 7960 9884 19 force force NN 7960 9884 20 of of IN 7960 9884 21 the the DT 7960 9884 22 Mongol Mongol NNP 7960 9884 23 attack attack NN 7960 9884 24 . . . 7960 9885 1 Jenghiz Jenghiz NNP 7960 9885 2 Khan Khan NNP 7960 9885 3 's 's POS 7960 9885 4 successors successor NNS 7960 9885 5 , , , 7960 9885 6 entering enter VBG 7960 9885 7 Europe Europe NNP 7960 9885 8 north north NN 7960 9885 9 of of IN 7960 9885 10 the the DT 7960 9885 11 Caspian Caspian NNP 7960 9885 12 , , , 7960 9885 13 swept sweep VBD 7960 9885 14 resistlessly resistlessly RB 7960 9885 15 over over IN 7960 9885 16 the the DT 7960 9885 17 Russian russian JJ 7960 9885 18 plain plain NN 7960 9885 19 . . . 7960 9886 1 Moscow Moscow NNP 7960 9886 2 and and CC 7960 9886 3 Kiev Kiev NNP 7960 9886 4 fell fall VBD 7960 9886 5 in in IN 7960 9886 6 quick quick JJ 7960 9886 7 succession succession NN 7960 9886 8 , , , 7960 9886 9 and and CC 7960 9886 10 before before IN 7960 9886 11 long long RB 7960 9886 12 the the DT 7960 9886 13 greater great JJR 7960 9886 14 part part NN 7960 9886 15 of of IN 7960 9886 16 Russia Russia NNP 7960 9886 17 was be VBD 7960 9886 18 in in IN 7960 9886 19 the the DT 7960 9886 20 hands hand NNS 7960 9886 21 of of IN 7960 9886 22 the the DT 7960 9886 23 Mongols Mongols NNPS 7960 9886 24 . . . 7960 9887 1 Wholesale wholesale JJ 7960 9887 2 massacres massacre NNS 7960 9887 3 marked mark VBD 7960 9887 4 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9887 5 progress progress NN 7960 9887 6 . . . 7960 9888 1 " " `` 7960 9888 2 No no DT 7960 9888 3 eye eye NN 7960 9888 4 remained remain VBD 7960 9888 5 open open JJ 7960 9888 6 to to TO 7960 9888 7 weep weep VB 7960 9888 8 for for IN 7960 9888 9 the the DT 7960 9888 10 dead dead NN 7960 9888 11 . . . 7960 9888 12 " " '' 7960 9889 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 9889 2 Illustration illustration NN 7960 9889 3 : : : 7960 9889 4 THE the DT 7960 9889 5 TAJ TAJ NNP 7960 9889 6 MAHAL MAHAL NNP 7960 9889 7 , , , 7960 9889 8 AGRA AGRA NNP 7960 9889 9 Erected erect VBN 7960 9889 10 by by IN 7960 9889 11 the the DT 7960 9889 12 Mogul Mogul NNP 7960 9889 13 emperor emperor NN 7960 9889 14 , , , 7960 9889 15 Shah Shah NNP 7960 9889 16 Jehan Jehan NNP 7960 9889 17 , , , 7960 9889 18 as as IN 7960 9889 19 a a DT 7960 9889 20 tomb tomb NN 7960 9889 21 for for IN 7960 9889 22 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9889 23 favorite favorite JJ 7960 9889 24 wife wife NN 7960 9889 25 , , , 7960 9889 26 Muntaz Muntaz NNP 7960 9889 27 Mahal Mahal NNP 7960 9889 28 . . . 7960 9890 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 9890 2 was be VBD 7960 9890 3 begun begin VBN 7960 9890 4 in in IN 7960 9890 5 1632 1632 CD 7960 9890 6 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 9890 7 and and CC 7960 9890 8 was be VBD 7960 9890 9 completed complete VBN 7960 9890 10 in in IN 7960 9890 11 twenty twenty CD 7960 9890 12 - - HYPH 7960 9890 13 two two CD 7960 9890 14 years year NNS 7960 9890 15 . . . 7960 9891 1 The the DT 7960 9891 2 material material NN 7960 9891 3 is be VBZ 7960 9891 4 pure pure JJ 7960 9891 5 white white JJ 7960 9891 6 marble marble NN 7960 9891 7 , , , 7960 9891 8 inlaid inlay VBN 7960 9891 9 with with IN 7960 9891 10 jasper jasper NN 7960 9891 11 , , , 7960 9891 12 agate agate NN 7960 9891 13 and and CC 7960 9891 14 other other JJ 7960 9891 15 precious precious JJ 7960 9891 16 stones stone NNS 7960 9891 17 . . . 7960 9892 1 The the DT 7960 9892 2 building building NN 7960 9892 3 rests rest VBZ 7960 9892 4 on on IN 7960 9892 5 a a DT 7960 9892 6 marble marble NN 7960 9892 7 terrace terrace NN 7960 9892 8 , , , 7960 9892 9 at at IN 7960 9892 10 each each DT 7960 9892 11 corner corner NN 7960 9892 12 of of IN 7960 9892 13 which which WDT 7960 9892 14 rises rise VBZ 7960 9892 15 a a DT 7960 9892 16 tall tall JJ 7960 9892 17 graceful graceful JJ 7960 9892 18 minaret minaret NN 7960 9892 19 . . . 7960 9893 1 The the DT 7960 9893 2 extreme extreme JJ 7960 9893 3 delicacy delicacy NN 7960 9893 4 of of IN 7960 9893 5 the the DT 7960 9893 6 Taj Taj NNP 7960 9893 7 Mahal Mahal NNP 7960 9893 8 and and CC 7960 9893 9 the the DT 7960 9893 10 richness richness NN 7960 9893 11 of of IN 7960 9893 12 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9893 13 ornamentation ornamentation NN 7960 9893 14 make make VBP 7960 9893 15 it -PRON- PRP 7960 9893 16 a a DT 7960 9893 17 masterpiece masterpiece NN 7960 9893 18 of of IN 7960 9893 19 architecture architecture NN 7960 9893 20 . . . 7960 9893 21 ] ] -RRB- 7960 9894 1 INVASION invasion NN 7960 9894 2 OF of IN 7960 9894 3 POLAND POLAND NNP 7960 9894 4 AND and CC 7960 9894 5 HUNGARY HUNGARY NNP 7960 9894 6 BY by IN 7960 9894 7 THE the DT 7960 9894 8 MONGOLS MONGOLS NNP 7960 9894 9 , , , 7960 9894 10 1241 1241 CD 7960 9894 11 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 9895 1 Still still RB 7960 9895 2 the the DT 7960 9895 3 invaders invader NNS 7960 9895 4 pressed press VBD 7960 9895 5 on on RP 7960 9895 6 . . . 7960 9896 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 9896 2 devastated devastate VBD 7960 9896 3 Hungary Hungary NNP 7960 9896 4 , , , 7960 9896 5 driving drive VBG 7960 9896 6 the the DT 7960 9896 7 Magyar Magyar NNP 7960 9896 8 king king NN 7960 9896 9 in in IN 7960 9896 10 panic panic NN 7960 9896 11 flight flight NN 7960 9896 12 from from IN 7960 9896 13 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9896 14 realm realm NN 7960 9896 15 . . . 7960 9897 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 9897 2 overran overrun VBD 7960 9897 3 Poland Poland NNP 7960 9897 4 . . . 7960 9898 1 At at IN 7960 9898 2 a a DT 7960 9898 3 great great JJ 7960 9898 4 battle battle NN 7960 9898 5 in in IN 7960 9898 6 Silesia Silesia NNP 7960 9898 7 they -PRON- PRP 7960 9898 8 destroyed destroy VBD 7960 9898 9 the the DT 7960 9898 10 knighthood knighthood NN 7960 9898 11 of of IN 7960 9898 12 Germany Germany NNP 7960 9898 13 and and CC 7960 9898 14 filled fill VBD 7960 9898 15 nine nine CD 7960 9898 16 sacks sack NNS 7960 9898 17 with with IN 7960 9898 18 the the DT 7960 9898 19 right right JJ 7960 9898 20 ears ear NNS 7960 9898 21 of of IN 7960 9898 22 slaughtered slaughter VBN 7960 9898 23 enemies enemy NNS 7960 9898 24 . . . 7960 9899 1 The the DT 7960 9899 2 European european JJ 7960 9899 3 peoples people NNS 7960 9899 4 , , , 7960 9899 5 taken take VBN 7960 9899 6 completely completely RB 7960 9899 7 by by IN 7960 9899 8 surprise surprise NN 7960 9899 9 , , , 7960 9899 10 could could MD 7960 9899 11 offer offer VB 7960 9899 12 no no DT 7960 9899 13 effective effective JJ 7960 9899 14 resistance resistance NN 7960 9899 15 to to IN 7960 9899 16 these these DT 7960 9899 17 Asiatics Asiatics NNPS 7960 9899 18 , , , 7960 9899 19 who who WP 7960 9899 20 combined combine VBD 7960 9899 21 superiority superiority NN 7960 9899 22 in in IN 7960 9899 23 numbers number NNS 7960 9899 24 with with IN 7960 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7960 9901 19 as as IN 7960 9901 20 it -PRON- PRP 7960 9901 21 came come VBD 7960 9901 22 . . . 7960 9902 1 The the DT 7960 9902 2 Mongols Mongols NNPS 7960 9902 3 soon soon RB 7960 9902 4 abandoned abandon VBD 7960 9902 5 Poland Poland NNP 7960 9902 6 and and CC 7960 9902 7 Hungary Hungary NNP 7960 9902 8 and and CC 7960 9902 9 retired retire VBD 7960 9902 10 to to IN 7960 9902 11 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9902 12 possessions possession NNS 7960 9902 13 in in IN 7960 9902 14 Russia Russia NNP 7960 9902 15 . . . 7960 9903 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 9903 2 Illustration illustration NN 7960 9903 3 : : : 7960 9903 4 Map Map NNP 7960 9903 5 , , , 7960 9903 6 RUSSIA RUSSIA NNP 7960 9903 7 AT AT NNP 7960 9903 8 THE the DT 7960 9903 9 END END NNP 7960 9903 10 OF of IN 7960 9903 11 THE the DT 7960 9903 12 MIDDLE MIDDLE NNP 7960 9903 13 AGES AGES NNP 7960 9903 14 ] ] -RRB- 7960 9903 15 THE the DT 7960 9903 16 " " `` 7960 9903 17 GOLDEN GOLDEN NNP 7960 9903 18 HORDE horde NN 7960 9903 19 " " '' 7960 9903 20 The the DT 7960 9903 21 ruler ruler NN 7960 9903 22 of of IN 7960 9903 23 the the DT 7960 9903 24 " " `` 7960 9903 25 Golden Golden NNP 7960 9903 26 Horde Horde NNP 7960 9903 27 , , , 7960 9903 28 " " '' 7960 9903 29 as as IN 7960 9903 30 the the DT 7960 9903 31 western western JJ 7960 9903 32 section section NN 7960 9903 33 of of IN 7960 9903 34 the the DT 7960 9903 35 Mongol Mongol NNP 7960 9903 36 Empire Empire NNP 7960 9903 37 was be VBD 7960 9903 38 called call VBN 7960 9903 39 , , , 7960 9903 40 continued continue VBD 7960 9903 41 to to TO 7960 9903 42 be be VB 7960 9903 43 the the DT 7960 9903 44 lord lord NNP 7960 9903 45 of of IN 7960 9903 46 Russia Russia NNP 7960 9903 47 for for IN 7960 9903 48 about about RB 7960 9903 49 two two CD 7960 9903 50 hundred hundred CD 7960 9903 51 and and CC 7960 9903 52 fifty fifty CD 7960 9903 53 years year NNS 7960 9903 54 . . . 7960 9904 1 Russia Russia NNP 7960 9904 2 , , , 7960 9904 3 throughout throughout IN 7960 9904 4 this this DT 7960 9904 5 period period NN 7960 9904 6 , , , 7960 9904 7 was be VBD 7960 9904 8 little little RB 7960 9904 9 more more JJR 7960 9904 10 than than IN 7960 9904 11 a a DT 7960 9904 12 dependency dependency NN 7960 9904 13 of of IN 7960 9904 14 Asia Asia NNP 7960 9904 15 . . . 7960 9905 1 The the DT 7960 9905 2 conquered conquered JJ 7960 9905 3 people people NNS 7960 9905 4 were be VBD 7960 9905 5 obliged oblige VBN 7960 9905 6 to to TO 7960 9905 7 pay pay VB 7960 9905 8 a a DT 7960 9905 9 heavy heavy JJ 7960 9905 10 tribute tribute NN 7960 9905 11 and and CC 7960 9905 12 to to TO 7960 9905 13 furnish furnish VB 7960 9905 14 soldiers soldier NNS 7960 9905 15 for for IN 7960 9905 16 the the DT 7960 9905 17 Mongol Mongol NNP 7960 9905 18 armies army NNS 7960 9905 19 . . . 7960 9906 1 Their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9906 2 princes prince NNS 7960 9906 3 , , , 7960 9906 4 also also RB 7960 9906 5 , , , 7960 9906 6 became become VBD 7960 9906 7 vassals vassal NNS 7960 9906 8 of of IN 7960 9906 9 the the DT 7960 9906 10 Great Great NNP 7960 9906 11 Khan Khan NNP 7960 9906 12 . . . 7960 9907 1 MONGOL MONGOL NNP 7960 9907 2 INFLUENCE INFLUENCE NNP 7960 9907 3 ON on IN 7960 9907 4 RUSSIA RUSSIA NNP 7960 9907 5 The the DT 7960 9907 6 Mongols Mongols NNPS 7960 9907 7 , , , 7960 9907 8 or or CC 7960 9907 9 " " `` 7960 9907 10 Tartars tartars FW 7960 9907 11 " " '' 7960 9907 12 [ [ -LRB- 7960 9907 13 12 12 CD 7960 9907 14 ] ] -RRB- 7960 9907 15 are be VBP 7960 9907 16 usually usually RB 7960 9907 17 said say VBN 7960 9907 18 to to TO 7960 9907 19 have have VB 7960 9907 20 Orientalized Orientalized NNP 7960 9907 21 Russia Russia NNP 7960 9907 22 . . . 7960 9908 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 9908 2 seems seem VBZ 7960 9908 3 clear clear JJ 7960 9908 4 , , , 7960 9908 5 however however RB 7960 9908 6 , , , 7960 9908 7 that that IN 7960 9908 8 they -PRON- PRP 7960 9908 9 did do VBD 7960 9908 10 not not RB 7960 9908 11 interfere interfere VB 7960 9908 12 with with IN 7960 9908 13 the the DT 7960 9908 14 language language NN 7960 9908 15 , , , 7960 9908 16 religion religion NN 7960 9908 17 , , , 7960 9908 18 and and CC 7960 9908 19 laws law NNS 7960 9908 20 of of IN 7960 9908 21 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9908 22 subjects subject NNS 7960 9908 23 . . . 7960 9909 1 The the DT 7960 9909 2 chief chief JJ 7960 9909 3 result result NN 7960 9909 4 of of IN 7960 9909 5 the the DT 7960 9909 6 Mongol Mongol NNP 7960 9909 7 supremacy supremacy NN 7960 9909 8 was be VBD 7960 9909 9 to to TO 7960 9909 10 cut cut VB 7960 9909 11 off off RP 7960 9909 12 Russia Russia NNP 7960 9909 13 from from IN 7960 9909 14 western western JJ 7960 9909 15 Europe Europe NNP 7960 9909 16 , , , 7960 9909 17 just just RB 7960 9909 18 at at IN 7960 9909 19 the the DT 7960 9909 20 time time NN 7960 9909 21 when when WRB 7960 9909 22 England England NNP 7960 9909 23 , , , 7960 9909 24 France France NNP 7960 9909 25 , , , 7960 9909 26 Germany Germany NNP 7960 9909 27 , , , 7960 9909 28 and and CC 7960 9909 29 Italy Italy NNP 7960 9909 30 were be VBD 7960 9909 31 emerging emerge VBG 7960 9909 32 from from IN 7960 9909 33 the the DT 7960 9909 34 darkness darkness NN 7960 9909 35 of of IN 7960 9909 36 the the DT 7960 9909 37 early early JJ 7960 9909 38 Middle Middle NNP 7960 9909 39 Ages Ages NNPS 7960 9909 40 . . . 7960 9910 1 RISE rise JJ 7960 9910 2 OF of IN 7960 9910 3 MUSCOVY MUSCOVY NNS 7960 9910 4 The the DT 7960 9910 5 invasion invasion NN 7960 9910 6 of of IN 7960 9910 7 the the DT 7960 9910 8 Mongols Mongols NNPS 7960 9910 9 proved prove VBD 7960 9910 10 to to TO 7960 9910 11 be be VB 7960 9910 12 , , , 7960 9910 13 indirectly indirectly RB 7960 9910 14 , , , 7960 9910 15 the the DT 7960 9910 16 making making NN 7960 9910 17 of of IN 7960 9910 18 the the DT 7960 9910 19 Russian russian JJ 7960 9910 20 state state NN 7960 9910 21 . . . 7960 9911 1 Before before IN 7960 9911 2 they -PRON- PRP 7960 9911 3 came come VBD 7960 9911 4 the the DT 7960 9911 5 country country NN 7960 9911 6 was be VBD 7960 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A.D. NNP 7960 9915 1 The the DT 7960 9915 2 final final JJ 7960 9915 3 deliverance deliverance NN 7960 9915 4 of of IN 7960 9915 5 Russia Russia NNP 7960 9915 6 from from IN 7960 9915 7 the the DT 7960 9915 8 Mongols Mongols NNPS 7960 9915 9 was be VBD 7960 9915 10 accomplished accomplish VBN 7960 9915 11 by by IN 7960 9915 12 Ivan Ivan NNP 7960 9915 13 III III NNP 7960 9915 14 , , , 7960 9915 15 surnamed surname VBD 7960 9915 16 the the DT 7960 9915 17 Great Great NNP 7960 9915 18 . . . 7960 9916 1 This this DT 7960 9916 2 ruler ruler NN 7960 9916 3 is be VBZ 7960 9916 4 also also RB 7960 9916 5 regarded regard VBN 7960 9916 6 as as IN 7960 9916 7 the the DT 7960 9916 8 founder founder NN 7960 9916 9 of of IN 7960 9916 10 Russian russian JJ 7960 9916 11 autocracy autocracy NN 7960 9916 12 , , , 7960 9916 13 that that RB 7960 9916 14 is is RB 7960 9916 15 , , , 7960 9916 16 of of IN 7960 9916 17 a a DT 7960 9916 18 personal personal JJ 7960 9916 19 , , , 7960 9916 20 absolute absolute JJ 7960 9916 21 , , , 7960 9916 22 and and CC 7960 9916 23 arbitrary arbitrary JJ 7960 9916 24 government government NN 7960 9916 25 . . . 7960 9917 1 With with IN 7960 9917 2 a a DT 7960 9917 3 view view NN 7960 9917 4 to to IN 7960 9917 5 strengthening strengthen VBG 7960 9917 6 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9917 7 claim claim NN 7960 9917 8 to to TO 7960 9917 9 be be VB 7960 9917 10 the the DT 7960 9917 11 political political JJ 7960 9917 12 heir heir NN 7960 9917 13 of of IN 7960 9917 14 the the DT 7960 9917 15 eastern eastern JJ 7960 9917 16 emperors emperor NNS 7960 9917 17 , , , 7960 9917 18 Ivan Ivan NNP 7960 9917 19 married marry VBD 7960 9917 20 a a DT 7960 9917 21 niece niece NN 7960 9917 22 of of IN 7960 9917 23 the the DT 7960 9917 24 last last JJ 7960 9917 25 ruler ruler NN 7960 9917 26 at at IN 7960 9917 27 Constantinople Constantinople NNP 7960 9917 28 , , , 7960 9917 29 who who WP 7960 9917 30 in in IN 7960 9917 31 1453 1453 CD 7960 9917 32 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 9917 33 had have VBD 7960 9917 34 fallen fall VBN 7960 9917 35 in in IN 7960 9917 36 the the DT 7960 9917 37 defense defense NN 7960 9917 38 of of IN 7960 9917 39 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9917 40 capital capital NN 7960 9917 41 against against IN 7960 9917 42 the the DT 7960 9917 43 Ottoman Ottoman NNP 7960 9917 44 Turks Turks NNPS 7960 9917 45 . . . 7960 9918 1 Henceforth henceforth RB 7960 9918 2 the the DT 7960 9918 3 Russian russian JJ 7960 9918 4 ruler ruler NN 7960 9918 5 described describe VBD 7960 9918 6 himself -PRON- PRP 7960 9918 7 as as IN 7960 9918 8 " " `` 7960 9918 9 the the DT 7960 9918 10 new new JJ 7960 9918 11 Tsar Tsar NNP 7960 9918 12 [ [ -LRB- 7960 9918 13 13 13 CD 7960 9918 14 ] ] -RRB- 7960 9918 15 Constantine Constantine NNP 7960 9918 16 in in IN 7960 9918 17 the the DT 7960 9918 18 new new JJ 7960 9918 19 city city NN 7960 9918 20 of of IN 7960 9918 21 Constantine Constantine NNP 7960 9918 22 , , , 7960 9918 23 Moscow Moscow NNP 7960 9918 24 . . . 7960 9918 25 " " '' 7960 9919 1 179 179 CD 7960 9919 2 . . . 7960 9920 1 THE the DT 7960 9920 2 OTTOMAN OTTOMAN NNP 7960 9920 3 TURKS TURKS NNP 7960 9920 4 AND and CC 7960 9920 5 THEIR THEIR NNP 7960 9920 6 CONQUESTS conquest NNS 7960 9920 7 , , , 7960 9920 8 1227 1227 CD 7960 9920 9 - - SYM 7960 9920 10 1453 1453 CD 7960 9920 11 A.D. 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NNP 7960 9920 29 , , , 7960 9920 30 the the DT 7960 9920 31 year year NN 7960 9920 32 of of IN 7960 9920 33 Jenghiz Jenghiz NNP 7960 9920 34 Khan Khan NNP 7960 9920 35 's 's POS 7960 9920 36 death death NN 7960 9920 37 . . . 7960 9921 1 In in IN 7960 9921 2 that that DT 7960 9921 3 year year NN 7960 9921 4 a a DT 7960 9921 5 small small JJ 7960 9921 6 Turkish turkish JJ 7960 9921 7 horde horde NN 7960 9921 8 , , , 7960 9921 9 driven drive VBN 7960 9921 10 westward westward RB 7960 9921 11 from from IN 7960 9921 12 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9921 13 central central JJ 7960 9921 14 Asian asian JJ 7960 9921 15 homes home NNS 7960 9921 16 by by IN 7960 9921 17 the the DT 7960 9921 18 Mongol Mongol NNP 7960 9921 19 advance advance NN 7960 9921 20 , , , 7960 9921 21 settled settle VBN 7960 9921 22 in in IN 7960 9921 23 Asia Asia NNP 7960 9921 24 Minor Minor NNP 7960 9921 25 . . . 7960 9922 1 There there RB 7960 9922 2 they -PRON- PRP 7960 9922 3 enjoyed enjoy VBD 7960 9922 4 the the DT 7960 9922 5 protection protection NN 7960 9922 6 of of IN 7960 9922 7 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9922 8 kinsmen kinsman NNS 7960 9922 9 , , , 7960 9922 10 the the DT 7960 9922 11 Seljuk Seljuk NNP 7960 9922 12 Turks Turks NNPS 7960 9922 13 , , , 7960 9922 14 and and CC 7960 9922 15 from from IN 7960 9922 16 them -PRON- PRP 7960 9922 17 accepted accept VBD 7960 9922 18 Islam Islam NNP 7960 9922 19 . . . 7960 9923 1 As as IN 7960 9923 2 the the DT 7960 9923 3 Seljuk Seljuk NNP 7960 9923 4 power power NN 7960 9923 5 declined decline VBD 7960 9923 6 , , , 7960 9923 7 that that DT 7960 9923 8 of of IN 7960 9923 9 the the DT 7960 9923 10 Ottomans Ottomans NNPS 7960 9923 11 rose rise VBD 7960 9923 12 in in IN 7960 9923 13 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9923 14 stead stead NN 7960 9923 15 . . . 7960 9924 1 About about RB 7960 9924 2 1300 1300 CD 7960 9924 3 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 9924 4 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9924 5 chieftain chieftain NN 7960 9924 6 , , , 7960 9924 7 Othman Othman NNP 7960 9924 8 , , , 7960 9924 9 [ [ -LRB- 7960 9924 10 14 14 CD 7960 9924 11 ] ] -RRB- 7960 9924 12 declared declare VBD 7960 9924 13 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9924 14 independence independence NN 7960 9924 15 and and CC 7960 9924 16 became become VBD 7960 9924 17 the the DT 7960 9924 18 founder founder NN 7960 9924 19 of of IN 7960 9924 20 the the DT 7960 9924 21 Ottoman Ottoman NNP 7960 9924 22 Empire Empire NNP 7960 9924 23 . . . 7960 9925 1 OTTOMAN OTTOMAN NNP 7960 9925 2 EXPANSION expansion NN 7960 9925 3 The the DT 7960 9925 4 growth growth NN 7960 9925 5 of of IN 7960 9925 6 the the DT 7960 9925 7 Ottoman Ottoman NNP 7960 9925 8 power power NN 7960 9925 9 was be VBD 7960 9925 10 almost almost RB 7960 9925 11 as as RB 7960 9925 12 rapid rapid JJ 7960 9925 13 as as IN 7960 9925 14 that that DT 7960 9925 15 of of IN 7960 9925 16 the the DT 7960 9925 17 Arabs Arabs NNPS 7960 9925 18 or or CC 7960 9925 19 of of IN 7960 9925 20 the the DT 7960 9925 21 Mongols Mongols NNPS 7960 9925 22 . . . 7960 9926 1 During during IN 7960 9926 2 the the DT 7960 9926 3 first first JJ 7960 9926 4 half half NN 7960 9926 5 of of IN 7960 9926 6 the the DT 7960 9926 7 fourteenth fourteenth JJ 7960 9926 8 century century NN 7960 9926 9 they -PRON- PRP 7960 9926 10 firmly firmly RB 7960 9926 11 established establish VBD 7960 9926 12 themselves -PRON- PRP 7960 9926 13 in in IN 7960 9926 14 northwestern northwestern JJ 7960 9926 15 Asia Asia NNP 7960 9926 16 Minor Minor NNP 7960 9926 17 , , , 7960 9926 18 along along IN 7960 9926 19 the the DT 7960 9926 20 beautiful beautiful JJ 7960 9926 21 shores shore NNS 7960 9926 22 washed wash VBN 7960 9926 23 by by IN 7960 9926 24 the the DT 7960 9926 25 Bosporus Bosporus NNP 7960 9926 26 , , , 7960 9926 27 the the DT 7960 9926 28 Sea Sea NNP 7960 9926 29 of of IN 7960 9926 30 Marmora Marmora NNP 7960 9926 31 , , , 7960 9926 32 and and CC 7960 9926 33 the the DT 7960 9926 34 Dardanelles dardanelle NNS 7960 9926 35 . . . 7960 9927 1 The the DT 7960 9927 2 second second JJ 7960 9927 3 half half NN 7960 9927 4 of of IN 7960 9927 5 the the DT 7960 9927 6 same same JJ 7960 9927 7 century century NN 7960 9927 8 found find VBD 7960 9927 9 them -PRON- PRP 7960 9927 10 in in IN 7960 9927 11 Europe Europe NNP 7960 9927 12 , , , 7960 9927 13 wresting wrest VBG 7960 9927 14 province province NN 7960 9927 15 after after IN 7960 9927 16 province province NN 7960 9927 17 from from IN 7960 9927 18 the the DT 7960 9927 19 feeble feeble JJ 7960 9927 20 hands hand NNS 7960 9927 21 of of IN 7960 9927 22 the the DT 7960 9927 23 eastern eastern JJ 7960 9927 24 emperors emperor NNS 7960 9927 25 . . . 7960 9928 1 First first RB 7960 9928 2 came come VBD 7960 9928 3 the the DT 7960 9928 4 seizure seizure NN 7960 9928 5 of of IN 7960 9928 6 Gallipoli Gallipoli NNP 7960 9928 7 on on IN 7960 9928 8 the the DT 7960 9928 9 Dardanelles dardanelle NNS 7960 9928 10 , , , 7960 9928 11 which which WDT 7960 9928 12 long long RB 7960 9928 13 remained remain VBD 7960 9928 14 the the DT 7960 9928 15 principal principal JJ 7960 9928 16 Turkish turkish JJ 7960 9928 17 naval naval JJ 7960 9928 18 station station NN 7960 9928 19 . . . 7960 9929 1 Then then RB 7960 9929 2 followed follow VBD 7960 9929 3 the the DT 7960 9929 4 capture capture NN 7960 9929 5 of of IN 7960 9929 6 Adrianople Adrianople NNP 7960 9929 7 , , , 7960 9929 8 where where WRB 7960 9929 9 in in IN 7960 9929 10 earlier early JJR 7960 9929 11 centuries century NNS 7960 9929 12 the the DT 7960 9929 13 Visigoths Visigoths NNPS 7960 9929 14 had have VBD 7960 9929 15 destroyed destroy VBN 7960 9929 16 a a DT 7960 9929 17 Roman roman JJ 7960 9929 18 army army NN 7960 9929 19 . . . 7960 9930 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 9930 2 15 15 CD 7960 9930 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 9930 4 By by IN 7960 9930 5 1400 1400 CD 7960 9930 6 A.D. A.D. 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7960 9963 3 : : : 7960 9963 4 Map Map NNP 7960 9963 5 , , , 7960 9963 6 EMPIRE empire NN 7960 9963 7 OF of IN 7960 9963 8 THE the DT 7960 9963 9 OTTOMAN OTTOMAN NNP 7960 9963 10 TURKS TURKS NNP 7960 9963 11 AT at IN 7960 9963 12 THE the DT 7960 9963 13 FALL FALL NNP 7960 9963 14 OF of IN 7960 9963 15 CONSTANTINOPLE CONSTANTINOPLE NNS 7960 9963 16 , , , 7960 9963 17 1453 1453 CD 7960 9963 18 A.D. 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NNP 7960 9963 19 ] ] -RRB- 7960 9963 20 ISOLATION isolation NN 7960 9963 21 OF of IN 7960 9963 22 THE the DT 7960 9963 23 TURKS turks NN 7960 9963 24 The the DT 7960 9963 25 Bulgarians Bulgarians NNPS 7960 9963 26 , , , 7960 9963 27 who who WP 7960 9963 28 came come VBD 7960 9963 29 out out IN 7960 9963 30 of of IN 7960 9963 31 Asia Asia NNP 7960 9963 32 to to TO 7960 9963 33 devastate devastate VB 7960 9963 34 Europe Europe NNP 7960 9963 35 , , , 7960 9963 36 at at IN 7960 9963 37 length length NN 7960 9963 38 turned turn VBN 7960 9963 39 Christian Christian NNP 7960 9963 40 , , , 7960 9963 41 adopted adopt VBD 7960 9963 42 a a DT 7960 9963 43 Slavic slavic JJ 7960 9963 44 speech speech NN 7960 9963 45 , , , 7960 9963 46 and and CC 7960 9963 47 entered enter VBD 7960 9963 48 the the DT 7960 9963 49 family family NN 7960 9963 50 of of IN 7960 9963 51 European european JJ 7960 9963 52 nations nation NNS 7960 9963 53 . . . 7960 9964 1 The the DT 7960 9964 2 Magyars Magyars NNPS 7960 9964 3 , , , 7960 9964 4 who who WP 7960 9964 5 followed follow VBD 7960 9964 6 them -PRON- PRP 7960 9964 7 , , , 7960 9964 8 also also RB 7960 9964 9 made make VBD 7960 9964 10 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9964 11 way way NN 7960 9964 12 into into IN 7960 9964 13 the the DT 7960 9964 14 fellowship fellowship NN 7960 9964 15 of of IN 7960 9964 16 Christendom Christendom NNP 7960 9964 17 . . . 7960 9965 1 Quite quite PDT 7960 9965 2 the the DT 7960 9965 3 opposite opposite NN 7960 9965 4 has have VBZ 7960 9965 5 been be VBN 7960 9965 6 the the DT 7960 9965 7 case case NN 7960 9965 8 with with IN 7960 9965 9 the the DT 7960 9965 10 Turks Turks NNPS 7960 9965 11 . . . 7960 9966 1 Preserving preserve VBG 7960 9966 2 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9966 3 Asiatic asiatic JJ 7960 9966 4 language language NN 7960 9966 5 and and CC 7960 9966 6 Moslem Moslem NNP 7960 9966 7 faith faith NN 7960 9966 8 , , , 7960 9966 9 they -PRON- PRP 7960 9966 10 have have VBP 7960 9966 11 remained remain VBN 7960 9966 12 in in IN 7960 9966 13 southeastern southeastern JJ 7960 9966 14 Europe Europe NNP 7960 9966 15 , , , 7960 9966 16 not not RB 7960 9966 17 a a DT 7960 9966 18 transitory transitory JJ 7960 9966 19 scourge scourge NN 7960 9966 20 , , , 7960 9966 21 but but CC 7960 9966 22 an an DT 7960 9966 23 abiding abide VBG 7960 9966 24 oppressor oppressor NN 7960 9966 25 of of IN 7960 9966 26 Christian christian JJ 7960 9966 27 lands land NNS 7960 9966 28 . . . 7960 9967 1 Every every DT 7960 9967 2 century century NN 7960 9967 3 since since IN 7960 9967 4 1453 1453 CD 7960 9967 5 A.D. 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NNP 7960 9967 6 has have VBZ 7960 9967 7 widened widen VBN 7960 9967 8 the the DT 7960 9967 9 gulf gulf NN 7960 9967 10 between between IN 7960 9967 11 them -PRON- PRP 7960 9967 12 and and CC 7960 9967 13 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9967 14 subjects subject NNS 7960 9967 15 . . . 7960 9968 1 TURKISH TURKISH NNP 7960 9968 2 INFLUENCE influence NN 7960 9968 3 IN in IN 7960 9968 4 SOUTHEASTERN SOUTHEASTERN NNP 7960 9968 5 EUROPE EUROPE NNP 7960 9968 6 The the DT 7960 9968 7 isolation isolation NN 7960 9968 8 of of IN 7960 9968 9 the the DT 7960 9968 10 Turks Turks NNPS 7960 9968 11 has have VBZ 7960 9968 12 prevented prevent VBN 7960 9968 13 them -PRON- PRP 7960 9968 14 from from IN 7960 9968 15 assimilating assimilate VBG 7960 9968 16 the the DT 7960 9968 17 higher high JJR 7960 9968 18 culture culture NN 7960 9968 19 of of IN 7960 9968 20 the the DT 7960 9968 21 peoples people NNS 7960 9968 22 whom whom WP 7960 9968 23 they -PRON- PRP 7960 9968 24 conquered conquer VBD 7960 9968 25 . . . 7960 9969 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 9969 2 have have VBP 7960 9969 3 never never RB 7960 9969 4 created create VBN 7960 9969 5 anything anything NN 7960 9969 6 in in IN 7960 9969 7 science science NN 7960 9969 8 , , , 7960 9969 9 art art NN 7960 9969 10 , , , 7960 9969 11 literature literature NN 7960 9969 12 , , , 7960 9969 13 commerce commerce NN 7960 9969 14 , , , 7960 9969 15 or or CC 7960 9969 16 industry industry NN 7960 9969 17 . . . 7960 9970 1 Conquest Conquest NNP 7960 9970 2 has have VBZ 7960 9970 3 been be VBN 7960 9970 4 the the DT 7960 9970 5 Turks Turks NNPS 7960 9970 6 ' ' POS 7960 9970 7 one one CD 7960 9970 8 business business NN 7960 9970 9 in in IN 7960 9970 10 the the DT 7960 9970 11 world world NN 7960 9970 12 , , , 7960 9970 13 and and CC 7960 9970 14 when when WRB 7960 9970 15 they -PRON- PRP 7960 9970 16 ceased cease VBD 7960 9970 17 conquering conquer VBG 7960 9970 18 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9970 19 decline decline NN 7960 9970 20 set set VBN 7960 9970 21 in in RP 7960 9970 22 . . . 7960 9971 1 But but CC 7960 9971 2 it -PRON- PRP 7960 9971 3 was be VBD 7960 9971 4 not not RB 7960 9971 5 till till IN 7960 9971 6 the the DT 7960 9971 7 end end NN 7960 9971 8 of of IN 7960 9971 9 the the DT 7960 9971 10 seventeenth seventeenth JJ 7960 9971 11 century century NN 7960 9971 12 that that WDT 7960 9971 13 the the DT 7960 9971 14 Turkish Turkish NNP 7960 9971 15 Empire Empire NNP 7960 9971 16 entered enter VBD 7960 9971 17 on on IN 7960 9971 18 that that DT 7960 9971 19 downward downward JJ 7960 9971 20 road road NN 7960 9971 21 which which WDT 7960 9971 22 is be VBZ 7960 9971 23 now now RB 7960 9971 24 fast fast RB 7960 9971 25 leading lead VBG 7960 9971 26 to to IN 7960 9971 27 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9971 28 extinction extinction NN 7960 9971 29 as as IN 7960 9971 30 a a DT 7960 9971 31 European european JJ 7960 9971 32 power power NN 7960 9971 33 . . . 7960 9972 1 STUDIES STUDIES NNP 7960 9972 2 1 1 CD 7960 9972 3 . . . 7960 9973 1 Locate locate VB 7960 9973 2 these these DT 7960 9973 3 cities city NNS 7960 9973 4 : : : 7960 9973 5 Bokhara Bokhara NNP 7960 9973 6 ; ; : 7960 9973 7 Samarkand Samarkand NNP 7960 9973 8 ; ; : 7960 9973 9 Merv Merv NNP 7960 9973 10 ; ; : 7960 9973 11 Herat Herat NNP 7960 9973 12 ; ; : 7960 9973 13 Bagdad Bagdad NNP 7960 9973 14 ; ; : 7960 9973 15 Peking Peking NNP 7960 9973 16 ; ; : 7960 9973 17 Delhi Delhi NNP 7960 9973 18 ; ; : 7960 9973 19 Kiev Kiev NNP 7960 9973 20 ; ; : 7960 9973 21 Moscow Moscow NNP 7960 9973 22 ; ; : 7960 9973 23 and and CC 7960 9973 24 Adrianople Adrianople NNP 7960 9973 25 . . . 7960 9974 1 2 2 LS 7960 9974 2 . . . 7960 9974 3 Who who WP 7960 9974 4 were be VBD 7960 9974 5 Baber Baber NNP 7960 9974 6 , , , 7960 9974 7 Kublai Kublai NNP 7960 9974 8 Khan Khan NNP 7960 9974 9 , , , 7960 9974 10 Othman Othman NNP 7960 9974 11 , , , 7960 9974 12 Mohammed Mohammed NNP 7960 9974 13 II II NNP 7960 9974 14 , , , 7960 9974 15 Constantine Constantine NNP 7960 9974 16 Palaeologus Palaeologus NNP 7960 9974 17 , , , 7960 9974 18 and and CC 7960 9974 19 Ivan Ivan NNP 7960 9974 20 the the DT 7960 9974 21 Great great JJ 7960 9974 22 ? ? . 7960 9975 1 3 3 LS 7960 9975 2 . . . 7960 9976 1 Why why WRB 7960 9976 2 should should MD 7960 9976 3 the the DT 7960 9976 4 steppes steppe NNS 7960 9976 5 of of IN 7960 9976 6 central central JJ 7960 9976 7 and and CC 7960 9976 8 northern northern JJ 7960 9976 9 Asia Asia NNP 7960 9976 10 have have VBP 7960 9976 11 been be VBN 7960 9976 12 a a DT 7960 9976 13 nursery nursery NN 7960 9976 14 of of IN 7960 9976 15 warlike warlike JJ 7960 9976 16 peoples people NNS 7960 9976 17 ? ? . 7960 9977 1 4 4 LS 7960 9977 2 . . . 7960 9978 1 What what WDT 7960 9978 2 parts part NNS 7960 9978 3 of of IN 7960 9978 4 Asia Asia NNP 7960 9978 5 were be VBD 7960 9978 6 not not RB 7960 9978 7 included include VBN 7960 9978 8 in in IN 7960 9978 9 the the DT 7960 9978 10 Mongol Mongol NNP 7960 9978 11 Empire Empire NNP 7960 9978 12 at at IN 7960 9978 13 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9978 14 greatest great JJS 7960 9978 15 extent extent NN 7960 9978 16 ? ? . 7960 9979 1 5 5 CD 7960 9979 2 . . . 7960 9980 1 Trace trace NN 7960 9980 2 on on IN 7960 9980 3 the the DT 7960 9980 4 map map NN 7960 9980 5 on on IN 7960 9980 6 page page NN 7960 9980 7 486 486 CD 7960 9980 8 the the DT 7960 9980 9 further further JJ 7960 9980 10 expansion expansion NN 7960 9980 11 of of IN 7960 9980 12 the the DT 7960 9980 13 Mongol Mongol NNP 7960 9980 14 Empire Empire NNP 7960 9980 15 after after IN 7960 9980 16 the the DT 7960 9980 17 death death NN 7960 9980 18 of of IN 7960 9980 19 Jenghiz Jenghiz NNP 7960 9980 20 Khan Khan NNP 7960 9980 21 . . . 7960 9981 1 6 6 CD 7960 9981 2 . . . 7960 9982 1 " " `` 7960 9982 2 Scratch scratch VB 7960 9982 3 a a DT 7960 9982 4 Russian Russian NNP 7960 9982 5 and and CC 7960 9982 6 you -PRON- PRP 7960 9982 7 will will MD 7960 9982 8 find find VB 7960 9982 9 a a DT 7960 9982 10 Tartar Tartar NNP 7960 9982 11 . . . 7960 9982 12 " " '' 7960 9983 1 What what WP 7960 9983 2 does do VBZ 7960 9983 3 this this DT 7960 9983 4 mean mean VB 7960 9983 5 ? ? . 7960 9984 1 7 7 LS 7960 9984 2 . . . 7960 9985 1 Why why WRB 7960 9985 2 did do VBD 7960 9985 3 the the DT 7960 9985 4 Mongol Mongol NNP 7960 9985 5 conquest conquest NN 7960 9985 6 of of IN 7960 9985 7 Russia Russia NNP 7960 9985 8 tend tend VB 7960 9985 9 to to TO 7960 9985 10 strengthen strengthen VB 7960 9985 11 the the DT 7960 9985 12 sentiment sentiment NN 7960 9985 13 of of IN 7960 9985 14 nationality nationality NN 7960 9985 15 in in IN 7960 9985 16 the the DT 7960 9985 17 Russian russian JJ 7960 9985 18 people people NNS 7960 9985 19 ? ? . 7960 9986 1 8 8 LS 7960 9986 2 . . . 7960 9987 1 How how WRB 7960 9987 2 did do VBD 7960 9987 3 the the DT 7960 9987 4 tsars tsar NNS 7960 9987 5 come come VB 7960 9987 6 to to TO 7960 9987 7 regard regard VB 7960 9987 8 themselves -PRON- PRP 7960 9987 9 as as IN 7960 9987 10 the the DT 7960 9987 11 successors successor NNS 7960 9987 12 of of IN 7960 9987 13 the the DT 7960 9987 14 Eastern eastern JJ 7960 9987 15 emperors emperor NNS 7960 9987 16 ? ? . 7960 9988 1 9 9 CD 7960 9988 2 . . . 7960 9989 1 Compare compare VB 7960 9989 2 the the DT 7960 9989 3 Janizaries Janizaries NNPS 7960 9989 4 with with IN 7960 9989 5 the the DT 7960 9989 6 Christian christian JJ 7960 9989 7 military military JJ 7960 9989 8 - - HYPH 7960 9989 9 religious religious JJ 7960 9989 10 orders order NNS 7960 9989 11 . . . 7960 9990 1 10 10 CD 7960 9990 2 . . . 7960 9991 1 How how WRB 7960 9991 2 was be VBD 7960 9991 3 " " `` 7960 9991 4 the the DT 7960 9991 5 victory victory NN 7960 9991 6 of of IN 7960 9991 7 the the DT 7960 9991 8 Crescent Crescent NNP 7960 9991 9 secured secure VBN 7960 9991 10 by by IN 7960 9991 11 the the DT 7960 9991 12 children child NNS 7960 9991 13 of of IN 7960 9991 14 the the DT 7960 9991 15 Cross Cross NNP 7960 9991 16 " " '' 7960 9991 17 ? ? . 7960 9992 1 11 11 CD 7960 9992 2 . . . 7960 9993 1 Why why WRB 7960 9993 2 were be VBD 7960 9993 3 the the DT 7960 9993 4 invasions invasion NNS 7960 9993 5 of of IN 7960 9993 6 the the DT 7960 9993 7 Mongols Mongols NNPS 7960 9993 8 and and CC 7960 9993 9 Ottoman Ottoman NNP 7960 9993 10 Turks Turks NNPS 7960 9993 11 more more RBR 7960 9993 12 destructive destructive JJ 7960 9993 13 to to IN 7960 9993 14 civilization civilization NN 7960 9993 15 than than IN 7960 9993 16 those those DT 7960 9993 17 of of IN 7960 9993 18 the the DT 7960 9993 19 Germans Germans NNPS 7960 9993 20 , , , 7960 9993 21 the the DT 7960 9993 22 Arabs Arabs NNPS 7960 9993 23 , , , 7960 9993 24 and and CC 7960 9993 25 the the DT 7960 9993 26 Northmen Northmen NNP 7960 9993 27 ? ? . 7960 9994 1 12 12 CD 7960 9994 2 . . . 7960 9995 1 Enumerate enumerate VB 7960 9995 2 the the DT 7960 9995 3 more more RBR 7960 9995 4 important important JJ 7960 9995 5 services service NNS 7960 9995 6 of of IN 7960 9995 7 the the DT 7960 9995 8 Roman Roman NNP 7960 9995 9 Empire Empire NNP 7960 9995 10 in in IN 7960 9995 11 the the DT 7960 9995 12 East East NNP 7960 9995 13 to to IN 7960 9995 14 civilization civilization NN 7960 9995 15 . . . 7960 9996 1 13 13 CD 7960 9996 2 . . . 7960 9997 1 On on IN 7960 9997 2 an an DT 7960 9997 3 outline outline NN 7960 9997 4 map map NN 7960 9997 5 indicate indicate VBP 7960 9997 6 the the DT 7960 9997 7 extent extent NN 7960 9997 8 of of IN 7960 9997 9 the the DT 7960 9997 10 Ottoman Ottoman NNP 7960 9997 11 Empire Empire NNP 7960 9997 12 in in IN 7960 9997 13 1453 1453 CD 7960 9997 14 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 9997 15 FOOTNOTES footnote NNS 7960 9997 16 [ [ -LRB- 7960 9997 17 1 1 CD 7960 9997 18 ] ] -RRB- 7960 9997 19 See see VB 7960 9997 20 pages page NNS 7960 9997 21 241 241 CD 7960 9997 22 , , , 7960 9997 23 247 247 CD 7960 9997 24 , , , 7960 9997 25 314 314 CD 7960 9997 26 , , , 7960 9997 27 316 316 CD 7960 9997 28 , , , 7960 9997 29 334 334 CD 7960 9997 30 . . . 7960 9998 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 9998 2 2 2 LS 7960 9998 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 9998 4 Mongolia Mongolia NNP 7960 9998 5 has have VBZ 7960 9998 6 long long RB 7960 9998 7 been be VBN 7960 9998 8 a a DT 7960 9998 9 part part NN 7960 9998 10 of of IN 7960 9998 11 the the DT 7960 9998 12 Chinese Chinese NNP 7960 9998 13 Empire Empire NNP 7960 9998 14 , , , 7960 9998 15 but but CC 7960 9998 16 in in IN 7960 9998 17 1912 1912 CD 7960 9998 18 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 9998 19 , , , 7960 9998 20 when when WRB 7960 9998 21 China China NNP 7960 9998 22 because because IN 7960 9998 23 a a DT 7960 9998 24 republic republic NN 7960 9998 25 , , , 7960 9998 26 Mongolia Mongolia NNP 7960 9998 27 declared declare VBD 7960 9998 28 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 9998 29 independence independence NN 7960 9998 30 . . . 7960 9999 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 9999 2 3 3 LS 7960 9999 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 9999 4 Herodotus Herodotus NNP 7960 9999 5 , , , 7960 9999 6 iv iv CD 7960 9999 7 , , , 7960 9999 8 46 46 CD 7960 9999 9 . . . 7960 10000 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10000 2 4 4 CD 7960 10000 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10000 4 " " `` 7960 10000 5 The the DT 7960 10000 6 Very very RB 7960 10000 7 Mighty mighty JJ 7960 10000 8 King king NN 7960 10000 9 . . . 7960 10000 10 " " '' 7960 10001 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10001 2 5 5 LS 7960 10001 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10001 4 See see VB 7960 10001 5 page page NN 7960 10001 6 20 20 CD 7960 10001 7 . . . 7960 10002 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10002 2 6 6 CD 7960 10002 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10002 4 For for IN 7960 10002 5 the the DT 7960 10002 6 location location NN 7960 10002 7 of of IN 7960 10002 8 these these DT 7960 10002 9 cities city NNS 7960 10002 10 see see VBP 7960 10002 11 the the DT 7960 10002 12 map map NN 7960 10002 13 on on IN 7960 10002 14 page page NN 7960 10002 15 486 486 CD 7960 10002 16 . . . 7960 10003 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10003 2 7 7 LS 7960 10003 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10003 4 See see VB 7960 10003 5 page page NN 7960 10003 6 381 381 CD 7960 10003 7 . . . 7960 10004 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10004 2 8 8 CD 7960 10004 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10004 4 Commonly commonly RB 7960 10004 5 known know VBN 7960 10004 6 as as IN 7960 10004 7 Tamerlane Tamerlane NNP 7960 10004 8 . . . 7960 10005 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10005 2 9 9 CD 7960 10005 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10005 4 See see VB 7960 10005 5 page page NN 7960 10005 6 616 616 CD 7960 10005 7 . . . 7960 10006 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10006 2 10 10 CD 7960 10006 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10006 4 See see VB 7960 10006 5 page page NN 7960 10006 6 622 622 CD 7960 10006 7 . . . 7960 10007 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10007 2 11 11 CD 7960 10007 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10007 4 For for IN 7960 10007 5 the the DT 7960 10007 6 early early JJ 7960 10007 7 history history NN 7960 10007 8 of of IN 7960 10007 9 Russia Russia NNP 7960 10007 10 see see VBP 7960 10007 11 page page NN 7960 10007 12 400 400 CD 7960 10007 13 . . . 7960 10008 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10008 2 12 12 CD 7960 10008 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10008 4 The the DT 7960 10008 5 name name NN 7960 10008 6 Tartar Tartar NNP 7960 10008 7 ( ( -LRB- 7960 10008 8 more more RBR 7960 10008 9 correctly correctly RB 7960 10008 10 , , , 7960 10008 11 Tatar Tatar NNP 7960 10008 12 ) ) -RRB- 7960 10008 13 was be VBD 7960 10008 14 originally originally RB 7960 10008 15 applied apply VBN 7960 10008 16 to to IN 7960 10008 17 both both CC 7960 10008 18 Mongol Mongol NNP 7960 10008 19 and and CC 7960 10008 20 Turkish turkish JJ 7960 10008 21 tribes tribe NNS 7960 10008 22 that that WDT 7960 10008 23 entered enter VBD 7960 10008 24 Russia 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may MD 7960 10045 25 travel travel VB 7960 10045 26 over over IN 7960 10045 27 the the DT 7960 10045 28 kingdom kingdom NN 7960 10045 29 with with IN 7960 10045 30 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10045 31 bosom bosom NN 7960 10045 32 full full JJ 7960 10045 33 of of IN 7960 10045 34 gold gold NN 7960 10045 35 without without IN 7960 10045 36 molestation molestation NN 7960 10045 37 , , , 7960 10045 38 and and CC 7960 10045 39 no no DT 7960 10045 40 man man NN 7960 10045 41 durst durst RB 7960 10045 42 kill kill VB 7960 10045 43 another another DT 7960 10045 44 , , , 7960 10045 45 however however RB 7960 10045 46 great great JJ 7960 10045 47 the the DT 7960 10045 48 injury injury NN 7960 10045 49 he -PRON- PRP 7960 10045 50 might may MD 7960 10045 51 have have VB 7960 10045 52 received receive VBN 7960 10045 53 from from IN 7960 10045 54 him -PRON- PRP 7960 10045 55 . . . 7960 10045 56 " " '' 7960 10046 1 WILLIAM WILLIAM NNP 7960 10046 2 AND and CC 7960 10046 3 FEUDALISM FEUDALISM NNP 7960 10046 4 The the DT 7960 10046 5 feudal feudal JJ 7960 10046 6 system system NN 7960 10046 7 on on IN 7960 10046 8 the the DT 7960 10046 9 Continent continent NN 7960 10046 10 permitted permit VBD 7960 10046 11 a a DT 7960 10046 12 powerful powerful JJ 7960 10046 13 noble noble JJ 7960 10046 14 to to TO 7960 10046 15 gather gather VB 7960 10046 16 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10046 17 vassals vassal NNS 7960 10046 18 and and CC 7960 10046 19 make make VB 7960 10046 20 war war NN 7960 10046 21 on on IN 7960 10046 22 the the DT 7960 10046 23 king king NN 7960 10046 24 , , , 7960 10046 25 whenever whenever WRB 7960 10046 26 he -PRON- PRP 7960 10046 27 chose choose VBD 7960 10046 28 to to TO 7960 10046 29 do do VB 7960 10046 30 so so RB 7960 10046 31 . . . 7960 10047 1 William William NNP 7960 10047 2 had have VBD 7960 10047 3 been be VBN 7960 10047 4 familiar familiar JJ 7960 10047 5 with with IN 7960 10047 6 this this DT 7960 10047 7 evil evil JJ 7960 10047 8 side side NN 7960 10047 9 of of IN 7960 10047 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the DT 7960 10048 14 king king NN 7960 10048 15 and and CC 7960 10048 16 not not RB 7960 10048 17 to to IN 7960 10048 18 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10048 19 immediate immediate JJ 7960 10048 20 lord lord NNP 7960 10048 21 . . . 7960 10049 1 If if IN 7960 10049 2 a a DT 7960 10049 3 noble noble JJ 7960 10049 4 rebelled rebelled NN 7960 10049 5 and and CC 7960 10049 6 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10049 7 men man NNS 7960 10049 8 followed follow VBD 7960 10049 9 him -PRON- PRP 7960 10049 10 , , , 7960 10049 11 they -PRON- PRP 7960 10049 12 were be VBD 7960 10049 13 to to TO 7960 10049 14 be be VB 7960 10049 15 treated treat VBN 7960 10049 16 as as IN 7960 10049 17 traitors traitor NNS 7960 10049 18 . . . 7960 10050 1 Rebellion rebellion NN 7960 10050 2 proved prove VBD 7960 10050 3 to to TO 7960 10050 4 be be VB 7960 10050 5 an an DT 7960 10050 6 especially especially RB 7960 10050 7 difficult difficult JJ 7960 10050 8 matter matter NN 7960 10050 9 in in IN 7960 10050 10 England England NNP 7960 10050 11 , , , 7960 10050 12 since since IN 7960 10050 13 the the DT 7960 10050 14 estates estate NNS 7960 10050 15 which which WDT 7960 10050 16 a a DT 7960 10050 17 great great JJ 7960 10050 18 lord lord NNP 7960 10050 19 possessed possess VBN 7960 10050 20 were be VBD 7960 10050 21 not not RB 7960 10050 22 all all DT 7960 10050 23 in in IN 7960 10050 24 any any DT 7960 10050 25 one one CD 7960 10050 26 place place NN 7960 10050 27 but but CC 7960 10050 28 were be VBD 7960 10050 29 scattered scatter VBN 7960 10050 30 about about IN 7960 10050 31 the the DT 7960 10050 32 kingdom kingdom NN 7960 10050 33 . . . 7960 10051 1 A a DT 7960 10051 2 noble noble JJ 7960 10051 3 who who WP 7960 10051 4 planned plan VBD 7960 10051 5 to to TO 7960 10051 6 revolt revolt VB 7960 10051 7 could could MD 7960 10051 8 be be VB 7960 10051 9 put put VBN 7960 10051 10 down down RP 7960 10051 11 before before IN 7960 10051 12 he -PRON- PRP 7960 10051 13 was be VBD 7960 10051 14 able able JJ 7960 10051 15 to to TO 7960 10051 16 collect collect VB 7960 10051 17 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10051 18 retainers retainer NNS 7960 10051 19 from from IN 7960 10051 20 the the DT 7960 10051 21 most most RBS 7960 10051 22 distant distant JJ 7960 10051 23 parts part NNS 7960 10051 24 of of IN 7960 10051 25 the the DT 7960 10051 26 country country NN 7960 10051 27 . . . 7960 10052 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10052 2 Illustration illustration NN 7960 10052 3 : : : 7960 10052 4 THE the DT 7960 10052 5 " " `` 7960 10052 6 WHITE WHITE NNP 7960 10052 7 TOWER TOWER NNP 7960 10052 8 " " `` 7960 10052 9 Forms form NNS 7960 10052 10 part part NN 7960 10052 11 of of IN 7960 10052 12 the the DT 7960 10052 13 Tower Tower NNP 7960 10052 14 of of IN 7960 10052 15 London London NNP 7960 10052 16 . . . 7960 10053 1 Built build VBN 7960 10053 2 by by IN 7960 10053 3 William William NNP 7960 10053 4 the the DT 7960 10053 5 Conqueror Conqueror NNP 7960 10053 6 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10053 7 DOMESDAY DOMESDAY NNP 7960 10053 8 BOOK BOOK NNP 7960 10053 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A.D. 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steps step NNS 7960 10190 14 . . . 7960 10190 15 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10191 1 ROBERT ROBERT NNP 7960 10191 2 BRUCE BRUCE NNP 7960 10191 3 AND and CC 7960 10191 4 BANNOCKBURN BANNOCKBURN NNP 7960 10191 5 , , , 7960 10191 6 1314 1314 CD 7960 10191 7 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 10192 1 But but CC 7960 10192 2 William William NNP 7960 10192 3 Wallace Wallace NNP 7960 10192 4 by by IN 7960 10192 5 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10192 6 life life NN 7960 10192 7 and and CC 7960 10192 8 still still RB 7960 10192 9 more more JJR 7960 10192 10 by by IN 7960 10192 11 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10192 12 death death NN 7960 10192 13 had have VBD 7960 10192 14 lit light VBN 7960 10192 15 a a DT 7960 10192 16 fire fire NN 7960 10192 17 which which WDT 7960 10192 18 might may MD 7960 10192 19 never never RB 7960 10192 20 be be VB 7960 10192 21 quenched quench VBN 7960 10192 22 . . . 7960 10193 1 Soon soon RB 7960 10193 2 the the DT 7960 10193 3 Scotch Scotch NNP 7960 10193 4 found find VBD 7960 10193 5 another another DT 7960 10193 6 champion champion NN 7960 10193 7 in in IN 7960 10193 8 the the DT 7960 10193 9 person person NN 7960 10193 10 of of IN 7960 10193 11 Robert Robert NNP 7960 10193 12 Bruce Bruce NNP 7960 10193 13 . . . 7960 10194 1 Edward Edward NNP 7960 10194 2 I I NNP 7960 10194 3 , , , 7960 10194 4 now now RB 7960 10194 5 old old JJ 7960 10194 6 and and CC 7960 10194 7 broken broken JJ 7960 10194 8 , , , 7960 10194 9 marched march VBD 7960 10194 10 against against IN 7960 10194 11 him -PRON- PRP 7960 10194 12 , , , 7960 10194 13 but but CC 7960 10194 14 died die VBD 7960 10194 15 before before IN 7960 10194 16 reaching reach VBG 7960 10194 17 the the DT 7960 10194 18 border border NN 7960 10194 19 . . . 7960 10195 1 The the DT 7960 10195 2 weakness weakness NN 7960 10195 3 of of IN 7960 10195 4 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10195 5 son son NN 7960 10195 6 , , , 7960 10195 7 Edward Edward NNP 7960 10195 8 II II NNP 7960 10195 9 , , , 7960 10195 10 permitted permit VBD 7960 10195 11 the the DT 7960 10195 12 Scotch Scotch NNP 7960 10195 13 , , , 7960 10195 14 ably ably RB 7960 10195 15 led lead VBN 7960 10195 16 by by IN 7960 10195 17 Bruce Bruce NNP 7960 10195 18 , , , 7960 10195 19 to to TO 7960 10195 20 win win VB 7960 10195 21 the the DT 7960 10195 22 signal signal NN 7960 10195 23 victory victory NN 7960 10195 24 of of IN 7960 10195 25 Bannockburn Bannockburn NNP 7960 10195 26 , , , 7960 10195 27 near near IN 7960 10195 28 Stirling Stirling NNP 7960 10195 29 Castle Castle NNP 7960 10195 30 . . . 7960 10196 1 Here here RB 7960 10196 2 the the DT 7960 10196 3 Scottish scottish JJ 7960 10196 4 spearmen spearman NNS 7960 10196 5 drove drive VBD 7960 10196 6 the the DT 7960 10196 7 English english JJ 7960 10196 8 knighthood knighthood NN 7960 10196 9 into into IN 7960 10196 10 ignominious ignominious JJ 7960 10196 11 flight flight NN 7960 10196 12 and and CC 7960 10196 13 freed free VBD 7960 10196 14 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10196 15 country country NN 7960 10196 16 from from IN 7960 10196 17 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10196 18 foreign foreign JJ 7960 10196 19 overlords overlord NNS 7960 10196 20 . . . 7960 10197 1 SCOTTISH scottish JJ 7960 10197 2 INDEPENDENCE independence NN 7960 10197 3 The the DT 7960 10197 4 battle battle NN 7960 10197 5 of of IN 7960 10197 6 Bannockburn Bannockburn NNP 7960 10197 7 made make VBD 7960 10197 8 a a DT 7960 10197 9 nation nation NN 7960 10197 10 . . . 7960 10198 1 A a DT 7960 10198 2 few few JJ 7960 10198 3 years year NNS 7960 10198 4 afterwards afterwards RB 7960 10198 5 the the DT 7960 10198 6 English English NNP 7960 10198 7 formally formally RB 7960 10198 8 recognized recognize VBD 7960 10198 9 the the DT 7960 10198 10 independence independence NN 7960 10198 11 of of IN 7960 10198 12 the the DT 7960 10198 13 northern northern JJ 7960 10198 14 kingdom kingdom NN 7960 10198 15 . . . 7960 10199 1 So so RB 7960 10199 2 the the DT 7960 10199 3 great great JJ 7960 10199 4 design design NN 7960 10199 5 of of IN 7960 10199 6 Edward Edward NNP 7960 10199 7 I -PRON- PRP 7960 10199 8 to to TO 7960 10199 9 unite unite VB 7960 10199 10 all all PDT 7960 10199 11 the the DT 7960 10199 12 peoples people NNS 7960 10199 13 of of IN 7960 10199 14 Britain Britain NNP 7960 10199 15 under under IN 7960 10199 16 one one CD 7960 10199 17 government government NN 7960 10199 18 had have VBD 7960 10199 19 to to TO 7960 10199 20 be be VB 7960 10199 21 postponed postpone VBN 7960 10199 22 for for IN 7960 10199 23 centuries century NNS 7960 10199 24 . . . 7960 10200 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10200 2 17 17 CD 7960 10200 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10200 4 IRELAND IRELAND NNP 7960 10200 5 No no DT 7960 10200 6 one one CD 7960 10200 7 kingdom kingdom NN 7960 10200 8 ever ever RB 7960 10200 9 arose arise VBD 7960 10200 10 in in IN 7960 10200 11 Ireland Ireland NNP 7960 10200 12 out out IN 7960 10200 13 of of IN 7960 10200 14 the the DT 7960 10200 15 numerous numerous JJ 7960 10200 16 tribes tribe NNS 7960 10200 17 into into IN 7960 10200 18 which which WDT 7960 10200 19 the the DT 7960 10200 20 Celtic Celtic NNP 7960 10200 21 - - HYPH 7960 10200 22 speaking speak VBG 7960 10200 23 inhabitants inhabitant NNS 7960 10200 24 were be VBD 7960 10200 25 divided divide VBN 7960 10200 26 . . . 7960 10201 1 The the DT 7960 10201 2 island island NN 7960 10201 3 was be VBD 7960 10201 4 not not RB 7960 10201 5 troubled trouble VBN 7960 10201 6 , , , 7960 10201 7 however however RB 7960 10201 8 , , , 7960 10201 9 by by IN 7960 10201 10 foreign foreign JJ 7960 10201 11 invaders invader NNS 7960 10201 12 till till IN 7960 10201 13 the the DT 7960 10201 14 coming coming NN 7960 10201 15 of of IN 7960 10201 16 the the DT 7960 10201 17 Northmen Northmen NNP 7960 10201 18 in in IN 7960 10201 19 the the DT 7960 10201 20 ninth ninth JJ 7960 10201 21 century century NN 7960 10201 22 . . . 7960 10202 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10202 2 18 18 CD 7960 10202 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10202 4 The the DT 7960 10202 5 English English NNP 7960 10202 6 , , , 7960 10202 7 who who WP 7960 10202 8 first first RB 7960 10202 9 entered enter VBD 7960 10202 10 Ireland Ireland NNP 7960 10202 11 during during IN 7960 10202 12 the the DT 7960 10202 13 reign reign NN 7960 10202 14 of of IN 7960 10202 15 Henry Henry NNP 7960 10202 16 II II NNP 7960 10202 17 , , , 7960 10202 18 did do VBD 7960 10202 19 not not RB 7960 10202 20 complete complete VB 7960 10202 21 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10202 22 conquest conquest NN 7960 10202 23 till till IN 7960 10202 24 the the DT 7960 10202 25 seventeenth seventeenth JJ 7960 10202 26 century century NN 7960 10202 27 . . . 7960 10203 1 Ireland Ireland NNP 7960 10203 2 by by IN 7960 10203 3 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10203 4 situation situation NN 7960 10203 5 could could MD 7960 10203 6 scarcely scarcely RB 7960 10203 7 fail fail VB 7960 10203 8 to to TO 7960 10203 9 become become VB 7960 10203 10 an an DT 7960 10203 11 appanage appanage NN 7960 10203 12 of of IN 7960 10203 13 Great Great NNP 7960 10203 14 Britain Britain NNP 7960 10203 15 , , , 7960 10203 16 but but CC 7960 10203 17 the the DT 7960 10203 18 dividing divide VBG 7960 10203 19 sea sea NN 7960 10203 20 has have VBZ 7960 10203 21 combined combine VBN 7960 10203 22 with with IN 7960 10203 23 differences difference NNS 7960 10203 24 in in IN 7960 10203 25 race race NN 7960 10203 26 , , , 7960 10203 27 language language NN 7960 10203 28 , , , 7960 10203 29 and and CC 7960 10203 30 religion religion NN 7960 10203 31 , , , 7960 10203 32 and and CC 7960 10203 33 with with IN 7960 10203 34 English english JJ 7960 10203 35 misgovernment misgovernment NN 7960 10203 36 , , , 7960 10203 37 to to TO 7960 10203 38 prevent prevent VB 7960 10203 39 anything anything NN 7960 10203 40 like like IN 7960 10203 41 a a DT 7960 10203 42 genuine genuine JJ 7960 10203 43 union union NN 7960 10203 44 of of IN 7960 10203 45 the the DT 7960 10203 46 conquerors conqueror NNS 7960 10203 47 and and CC 7960 10203 48 the the DT 7960 10203 49 conquered conquer VBN 7960 10203 50 . . . 7960 10204 1 187 187 CD 7960 10204 2 . . . 7960 10205 1 UNIFICATION unification NN 7960 10205 2 OF of IN 7960 10205 3 FRANCE FRANCE NNP 7960 10205 4 , , , 7960 10205 5 987 987 CD 7960 10205 6 - - HYPH 7960 10205 7 1328 1328 CD 7960 10205 8 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 10206 1 PHYSICAL PHYSICAL NNP 7960 10206 2 FRANCE FRANCE NNP 7960 10206 3 Nature Nature NNP 7960 10206 4 seems seem VBZ 7960 10206 5 to to TO 7960 10206 6 have have VB 7960 10206 7 intended intend VBN 7960 10206 8 that that IN 7960 10206 9 France France NNP 7960 10206 10 should should MD 7960 10206 11 play play VB 7960 10206 12 a a DT 7960 10206 13 leading leading JJ 7960 10206 14 part part NN 7960 10206 15 in in IN 7960 10206 16 European european JJ 7960 10206 17 affairs affair NNS 7960 10206 18 . . . 7960 10207 1 The the DT 7960 10207 2 geographical geographical JJ 7960 10207 3 unity unity NN 7960 10207 4 of of IN 7960 10207 5 the the DT 7960 10207 6 country country NN 7960 10207 7 is be VBZ 7960 10207 8 obvious obvious JJ 7960 10207 9 . . . 7960 10208 1 Mountains mountain NNS 7960 10208 2 and and CC 7960 10208 3 seas sea NNS 7960 10208 4 form form VBP 7960 10208 5 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10208 6 permanent permanent JJ 7960 10208 7 boundaries boundary NNS 7960 10208 8 , , , 7960 10208 9 except except IN 7960 10208 10 on on IN 7960 10208 11 the the DT 7960 10208 12 north north NN 7960 10208 13 - - HYPH 7960 10208 14 east east NN 7960 10208 15 where where WRB 7960 10208 16 the the DT 7960 10208 17 frontier frontier NN 7960 10208 18 is be VBZ 7960 10208 19 not not RB 7960 10208 20 well well RB 7960 10208 21 defined define VBN 7960 10208 22 . . . 7960 10209 1 The the DT 7960 10209 2 western western JJ 7960 10209 3 coast coast NN 7960 10209 4 of of IN 7960 10209 5 France France NNP 7960 10209 6 opens open VBZ 7960 10209 7 on on IN 7960 10209 8 the the DT 7960 10209 9 Atlantic Atlantic NNP 7960 10209 10 , , , 7960 10209 11 now now RB 7960 10209 12 the the DT 7960 10209 13 greatest great JJS 7960 10209 14 highway highway NN 7960 10209 15 of of IN 7960 10209 16 the the DT 7960 10209 17 world world NN 7960 10209 18 's 's POS 7960 10209 19 commerce commerce NN 7960 10209 20 , , , 7960 10209 21 while while IN 7960 10209 22 on on IN 7960 10209 23 the the DT 7960 10209 24 southeast southeast NN 7960 10209 25 France France NNP 7960 10209 26 touches touch VBZ 7960 10209 27 the the DT 7960 10209 28 Mediterranean Mediterranean NNP 7960 10209 29 , , , 7960 10209 30 the the DT 7960 10209 31 home home NN 7960 10209 32 of of IN 7960 10209 33 classical classical JJ 7960 10209 34 civilization civilization NN 7960 10209 35 . . . 7960 10210 1 This this DT 7960 10210 2 intermediate intermediate JJ 7960 10210 3 position position NN 7960 10210 4 between between IN 7960 10210 5 two two CD 7960 10210 6 seas sea NNS 7960 10210 7 helps help VBZ 7960 10210 8 us -PRON- PRP 7960 10210 9 to to TO 7960 10210 10 understand understand VB 7960 10210 11 why why WRB 7960 10210 12 French french JJ 7960 10210 13 history history NN 7960 10210 14 should should MD 7960 10210 15 form form VB 7960 10210 16 , , , 7960 10210 17 as as IN 7960 10210 18 it -PRON- PRP 7960 10210 19 were be VBD 7960 10210 20 , , , 7960 10210 21 a a DT 7960 10210 22 connecting connect VBG 7960 10210 23 link link NN 7960 10210 24 between between IN 7960 10210 25 ancient ancient JJ 7960 10210 26 and and CC 7960 10210 27 modern modern JJ 7960 10210 28 times time NNS 7960 10210 29 . . . 7960 10211 1 RACIAL RACIAL NNP 7960 10211 2 FRANCE FRANCE NNP 7960 10211 3 But but CC 7960 10211 4 the the DT 7960 10211 5 greatness greatness NN 7960 10211 6 of of IN 7960 10211 7 France France NNP 7960 10211 8 has have VBZ 7960 10211 9 been be VBN 7960 10211 10 due due JJ 7960 10211 11 , , , 7960 10211 12 also also RB 7960 10211 13 , , , 7960 10211 14 to to IN 7960 10211 15 the the DT 7960 10211 16 qualities quality NNS 7960 10211 17 of of IN 7960 10211 18 the the DT 7960 10211 19 French french JJ 7960 10211 20 people people NNS 7960 10211 21 . . . 7960 10212 1 Many many JJ 7960 10212 2 racial racial JJ 7960 10212 3 elements element NNS 7960 10212 4 have have VBP 7960 10212 5 contributed contribute VBN 7960 10212 6 to to IN 7960 10212 7 the the DT 7960 10212 8 population population NN 7960 10212 9 . . . 7960 10213 1 The the DT 7960 10213 2 blood blood NN 7960 10213 3 of of IN 7960 10213 4 prehistoric prehistoric JJ 7960 10213 5 tribes tribe NNS 7960 10213 6 , , , 7960 10213 7 whose whose WP$ 7960 10213 8 monuments monument NNS 7960 10213 9 and and CC 7960 10213 10 grave grave JJ 7960 10213 11 mounds mound NNS 7960 10213 12 are be VBP 7960 10213 13 scattered scatter VBN 7960 10213 14 over over IN 7960 10213 15 the the DT 7960 10213 16 land land NN 7960 10213 17 , , , 7960 10213 18 still still RB 7960 10213 19 flows flow VBZ 7960 10213 20 in in IN 7960 10213 21 the the DT 7960 10213 22 veins vein NNS 7960 10213 23 of of IN 7960 10213 24 Frenchmen frenchman NNS 7960 10213 25 . . . 7960 10214 1 At at IN 7960 10214 2 the the DT 7960 10214 3 opening opening NN 7960 10214 4 of of IN 7960 10214 5 historic historic JJ 7960 10214 6 times time NNS 7960 10214 7 France France NNP 7960 10214 8 was be VBD 7960 10214 9 chiefly chiefly RB 7960 10214 10 occupied occupy VBN 7960 10214 11 by by IN 7960 10214 12 the the DT 7960 10214 13 Celts Celts NNPS 7960 10214 14 , , , 7960 10214 15 whom whom WP 7960 10214 16 Julius Julius NNP 7960 10214 17 Caesar Caesar NNP 7960 10214 18 found find VBD 7960 10214 19 there there RB 7960 10214 20 and and CC 7960 10214 21 subdued subdue VBD 7960 10214 22 . . . 7960 10215 1 The the DT 7960 10215 2 Celts Celts NNPS 7960 10215 3 , , , 7960 10215 4 or or CC 7960 10215 5 Gauls Gauls NNP 7960 10215 6 , , , 7960 10215 7 have have VBP 7960 10215 8 formed form VBN 7960 10215 9 in in IN 7960 10215 10 later later JJ 7960 10215 11 ages age NNS 7960 10215 12 the the DT 7960 10215 13 main main JJ 7960 10215 14 stock stock NN 7960 10215 15 of of IN 7960 10215 16 the the DT 7960 10215 17 French french JJ 7960 10215 18 nation nation NN 7960 10215 19 , , , 7960 10215 20 but but CC 7960 10215 21 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10215 22 language language NN 7960 10215 23 gave give VBD 7960 10215 24 place place NN 7960 10215 25 to to IN 7960 10215 26 Latin Latin NNP 7960 10215 27 after after IN 7960 10215 28 the the DT 7960 10215 29 Roman roman JJ 7960 10215 30 conquest conquest NN 7960 10215 31 . . . 7960 10216 1 In in IN 7960 10216 2 the the DT 7960 10216 3 course course NN 7960 10216 4 of of IN 7960 10216 5 five five CD 7960 10216 6 hundred hundred CD 7960 10216 7 years year NNS 7960 10216 8 the the DT 7960 10216 9 Gauls Gauls NNPS 7960 10216 10 were be VBD 7960 10216 11 so so RB 7960 10216 12 thoroughly thoroughly RB 7960 10216 13 Romanized romanize VBN 7960 10216 14 that that IN 7960 10216 15 they -PRON- PRP 7960 10216 16 may may MD 7960 10216 17 best well RBS 7960 10216 18 be be VB 7960 10216 19 described describe VBN 7960 10216 20 as as IN 7960 10216 21 Gallo Gallo NNP 7960 10216 22 - - HYPH 7960 10216 23 Romans Romans NNPS 7960 10216 24 . . . 7960 10217 1 The the DT 7960 10217 2 Burgundians Burgundians NNPS 7960 10217 3 , , , 7960 10217 4 Franks Franks NNPS 7960 10217 5 , , , 7960 10217 6 and and CC 7960 10217 7 Northmen Northmen NNP 7960 10217 8 afterwards afterwards RB 7960 10217 9 added add VBD 7960 10217 10 a a DT 7960 10217 11 Teutonic teutonic JJ 7960 10217 12 element element NN 7960 10217 13 to to IN 7960 10217 14 the the DT 7960 10217 15 population population NN 7960 10217 16 , , , 7960 10217 17 as as RB 7960 10217 18 well well RB 7960 10217 19 as as IN 7960 10217 20 some some DT 7960 10217 21 infusion infusion NN 7960 10217 22 of of IN 7960 10217 23 Teutonic Teutonic NNP 7960 10217 24 laws law NNS 7960 10217 25 and and CC 7960 10217 26 customs custom NNS 7960 10217 27 . . . 7960 10218 1 THE the DT 7960 10218 2 CAPETIAN CAPETIAN NNP 7960 10218 3 DYNASTY DYNASTY NNP 7960 10218 4 France France NNP 7960 10218 5 , , , 7960 10218 6 again again RB 7960 10218 7 , , , 7960 10218 8 became become VBD 7960 10218 9 a a DT 7960 10218 10 great great JJ 7960 10218 11 nation nation NN 7960 10218 12 because because IN 7960 10218 13 of of IN 7960 10218 14 the the DT 7960 10218 15 greatness greatness NN 7960 10218 16 of of IN 7960 10218 17 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10218 18 rulers ruler NNS 7960 10218 19 . . . 7960 10219 1 Hugh Hugh NNP 7960 10219 2 Capet Capet NNP 7960 10219 3 , , , 7960 10219 4 who who WP 7960 10219 5 became become VBD 7960 10219 6 the the DT 7960 10219 7 French french JJ 7960 10219 8 king king NN 7960 10219 9 in in IN 7960 10219 10 987 987 CD 7960 10219 11 A.D. a.d. NN 7960 10219 12 , , , 7960 10219 13 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10219 14 19 19 CD 7960 10219 15 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10219 16 was be VBD 7960 10219 17 fortunate fortunate JJ 7960 10219 18 in in IN 7960 10219 19 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10219 20 descendants descendant NNS 7960 10219 21 . . . 7960 10220 1 The the DT 7960 10220 2 Capetian capetian JJ 7960 10220 3 dynasty dynasty NN 7960 10220 4 was be VBD 7960 10220 5 long long RB 7960 10220 6 lived live VBN 7960 10220 7 , , , 7960 10220 8 and and CC 7960 10220 9 for for IN 7960 10220 10 more more JJR 7960 10220 11 than than IN 7960 10220 12 three three CD 7960 10220 13 centuries century NNS 7960 10220 14 son son NN 7960 10220 15 followed follow VBD 7960 10220 16 father father NNP 7960 10220 17 on on IN 7960 10220 18 the the DT 7960 10220 19 throne throne NN 7960 10220 20 without without IN 7960 10220 21 a a DT 7960 10220 22 break break NN 7960 10220 23 in in IN 7960 10220 24 the the DT 7960 10220 25 succession succession NN 7960 10220 26 . . . 7960 10221 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10221 2 20 20 CD 7960 10221 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10221 4 During during IN 7960 10221 5 this this DT 7960 10221 6 time time NN 7960 10221 7 the the DT 7960 10221 8 French french JJ 7960 10221 9 sovereigns sovereign NNS 7960 10221 10 worked work VBD 7960 10221 11 steadily steadily RB 7960 10221 12 to to TO 7960 10221 13 exalt exalt VB 7960 10221 14 the the DT 7960 10221 15 royal royal JJ 7960 10221 16 power power NN 7960 10221 17 and and CC 7960 10221 18 to to TO 7960 10221 19 unite unite VB 7960 10221 20 the the DT 7960 10221 21 feudal feudal JJ 7960 10221 22 states state NNS 7960 10221 23 of of IN 7960 10221 24 medieval medieval JJ 7960 10221 25 France France NNP 7960 10221 26 into into IN 7960 10221 27 a a DT 7960 10221 28 real real JJ 7960 10221 29 nation nation NN 7960 10221 30 under under IN 7960 10221 31 a a DT 7960 10221 32 common common JJ 7960 10221 33 government government NN 7960 10221 34 . . . 7960 10222 1 Their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10222 2 success success NN 7960 10222 3 in in IN 7960 10222 4 this this DT 7960 10222 5 task task NN 7960 10222 6 made make VBD 7960 10222 7 them -PRON- PRP 7960 10222 8 , , , 7960 10222 9 at at IN 7960 10222 10 the the DT 7960 10222 11 close close NN 7960 10222 12 of of IN 7960 10222 13 the the DT 7960 10222 14 Middle Middle NNP 7960 10222 15 Ages Ages NNPS 7960 10222 16 , , , 7960 10222 17 the the DT 7960 10222 18 strongest strong JJS 7960 10222 19 monarchs monarchs NN 7960 10222 20 in in IN 7960 10222 21 Europe Europe NNP 7960 10222 22 . . . 7960 10223 1 FRANCE FRANCE NNP 7960 10223 2 AND and CC 7960 10223 3 ITS its PRP$ 7960 10223 4 FIEFS FIEFS NNP 7960 10223 5 Hugh Hugh NNP 7960 10223 6 Capet Capet NNP 7960 10223 7 's 's POS 7960 10223 8 duchy duchy NN 7960 10223 9 -- -- : 7960 10223 10 the the DT 7960 10223 11 original original JJ 7960 10223 12 France France NNP 7960 10223 13 -- -- : 7960 10223 14 included include VBD 7960 10223 15 only only RB 7960 10223 16 a a DT 7960 10223 17 small small JJ 7960 10223 18 stretch stretch NN 7960 10223 19 of of IN 7960 10223 20 inland inland NN 7960 10223 21 country country NN 7960 10223 22 centering center VBG 7960 10223 23 about about IN 7960 10223 24 Paris Paris NNP 7960 10223 25 on on IN 7960 10223 26 the the DT 7960 10223 27 Seine seine NN 7960 10223 28 and and CC 7960 10223 29 Orléans Orléans NNPS 7960 10223 30 on on IN 7960 10223 31 the the DT 7960 10223 32 Loire Loire NNP 7960 10223 33 . . . 7960 10224 1 His -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10224 2 election election NN 7960 10224 3 to to IN 7960 10224 4 the the DT 7960 10224 5 kingship kingship NN 7960 10224 6 did do VBD 7960 10224 7 not not RB 7960 10224 8 increase increase VB 7960 10224 9 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10224 10 power power NN 7960 10224 11 over over IN 7960 10224 12 the the DT 7960 10224 13 great great JJ 7960 10224 14 lords lord NNS 7960 10224 15 who who WP 7960 10224 16 ruled rule VBD 7960 10224 17 in in IN 7960 10224 18 Normandy Normandy NNP 7960 10224 19 , , , 7960 10224 20 Brittany Brittany NNP 7960 10224 21 , , , 7960 10224 22 Aquitaine Aquitaine NNP 7960 10224 23 , , , 7960 10224 24 Burgundy Burgundy NNP 7960 10224 25 , , , 7960 10224 26 and and CC 7960 10224 27 other other JJ 7960 10224 28 parts part NNS 7960 10224 29 of of IN 7960 10224 30 the the DT 7960 10224 31 country country NN 7960 10224 32 . . . 7960 10225 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 10225 2 did do VBD 7960 10225 3 homage homage NN 7960 10225 4 to to IN 7960 10225 5 the the DT 7960 10225 6 king king NN 7960 10225 7 for for IN 7960 10225 8 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10225 9 fiefs fief NNS 7960 10225 10 and and CC 7960 10225 11 performed perform VBD 7960 10225 12 the the DT 7960 10225 13 usual usual JJ 7960 10225 14 feudal feudal JJ 7960 10225 15 services service NNS 7960 10225 16 , , , 7960 10225 17 but but CC 7960 10225 18 otherwise otherwise RB 7960 10225 19 regarded regard VBD 7960 10225 20 themselves -PRON- PRP 7960 10225 21 as as IN 7960 10225 22 independent independent JJ 7960 10225 23 in in IN 7960 10225 24 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10225 25 own own JJ 7960 10225 26 territories territory NNS 7960 10225 27 . . . 7960 10226 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10226 2 Illustration illustration NN 7960 10226 3 : : : 7960 10226 4 Map Map NNP 7960 10226 5 , , , 7960 10226 6 UNIFICATION unification NN 7960 10226 7 OF of IN 7960 10226 8 FRANCE FRANCE NNP 7960 10226 9 DURING during IN 7960 10226 10 THE the DT 7960 10226 11 MIDDLE MIDDLE NNP 7960 10226 12 AGES AGES NNP 7960 10226 13 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10226 14 PHILIP PHILIP NNP 7960 10226 15 II II NNP 7960 10226 16 , , , 7960 10226 17 AUGUSTUS AUGUSTUS NNP 7960 10226 18 , , , 7960 10226 19 1180 1180 CD 7960 10226 20 - - SYM 7960 10226 21 1223 1223 CD 7960 10226 22 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 10227 1 The the DT 7960 10227 2 most most RBS 7960 10227 3 considerable considerable JJ 7960 10227 4 additions addition NNS 7960 10227 5 to to IN 7960 10227 6 the the DT 7960 10227 7 royal royal JJ 7960 10227 8 domains domain NNS 7960 10227 9 were be VBD 7960 10227 10 made make VBN 7960 10227 11 by by IN 7960 10227 12 Philip Philip NNP 7960 10227 13 II II NNP 7960 10227 14 , , , 7960 10227 15 called call VBN 7960 10227 16 Augustus Augustus NNP 7960 10227 17 . . . 7960 10228 1 We -PRON- PRP 7960 10228 2 have have VBP 7960 10228 3 already already RB 7960 10228 4 referred refer VBN 7960 10228 5 to to IN 7960 10228 6 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10228 7 contest contest NN 7960 10228 8 with with IN 7960 10228 9 Pope Pope NNP 7960 10228 10 Innocent Innocent NNP 7960 10228 11 III III NNP 7960 10228 12 and and CC 7960 10228 13 to to IN 7960 10228 14 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10228 15 participation participation NN 7960 10228 16 in in IN 7960 10228 17 the the DT 7960 10228 18 Third Third NNP 7960 10228 19 Crusade Crusade NNP 7960 10228 20 . . . 7960 10229 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10229 2 21 21 LS 7960 10229 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10229 4 The the DT 7960 10229 5 English english JJ 7960 10229 6 king king NN 7960 10229 7 , , , 7960 10229 8 John John NNP 7960 10229 9 , , , 7960 10229 10 was be VBD 7960 10229 11 Philip Philip NNP 7960 10229 12 's 's POS 7960 10229 13 vassal vassal NN 7960 10229 14 for for IN 7960 10229 15 Normandy Normandy NNP 7960 10229 16 and and CC 7960 10229 17 other other JJ 7960 10229 18 provinces province NNS 7960 10229 19 in in IN 7960 10229 20 France France NNP 7960 10229 21 . . . 7960 10230 1 A a DT 7960 10230 2 quarrel quarrel NN 7960 10230 3 between between IN 7960 10230 4 the the DT 7960 10230 5 two two CD 7960 10230 6 rulers ruler NNS 7960 10230 7 gave give VBD 7960 10230 8 Philip Philip NNP 7960 10230 9 an an DT 7960 10230 10 opportunity opportunity NN 7960 10230 11 to to TO 7960 10230 12 declare declare VB 7960 10230 13 John John NNP 7960 10230 14 's 's POS 7960 10230 15 fiefs fief NNS 7960 10230 16 forfeited forfeit VBN 7960 10230 17 by by IN 7960 10230 18 feudal feudal JJ 7960 10230 19 law law NN 7960 10230 20 . . . 7960 10231 1 Philip Philip NNP 7960 10231 2 then then RB 7960 10231 3 seized seize VBD 7960 10231 4 all all PDT 7960 10231 5 the the DT 7960 10231 6 English english JJ 7960 10231 7 possessions possession NNS 7960 10231 8 north north RB 7960 10231 9 of of IN 7960 10231 10 the the DT 7960 10231 11 river river NN 7960 10231 12 Loire Loire NNP 7960 10231 13 . . . 7960 10232 1 The the DT 7960 10232 2 loss loss NN 7960 10232 3 of of IN 7960 10232 4 these these DT 7960 10232 5 possessions possession NNS 7960 10232 6 abroad abroad RB 7960 10232 7 had have VBD 7960 10232 8 the the DT 7960 10232 9 result result NN 7960 10232 10 of of IN 7960 10232 11 separating separate VBG 7960 10232 12 England England NNP 7960 10232 13 almost almost RB 7960 10232 14 completely completely RB 7960 10232 15 from from IN 7960 10232 16 Continental continental JJ 7960 10232 17 interests interest NNS 7960 10232 18 ; ; : 7960 10232 19 for for IN 7960 10232 20 France France NNP 7960 10232 21 it -PRON- PRP 7960 10232 22 meant mean VBD 7960 10232 23 a a DT 7960 10232 24 great great JJ 7960 10232 25 increase increase NN 7960 10232 26 in in IN 7960 10232 27 territory territory NN 7960 10232 28 and and CC 7960 10232 29 population population NN 7960 10232 30 . . . 7960 10233 1 Philip Philip NNP 7960 10233 2 made make VBD 7960 10233 3 Paris Paris NNP 7960 10233 4 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10233 5 chief chief JJ 7960 10233 6 residence residence NN 7960 10233 7 , , , 7960 10233 8 and and CC 7960 10233 9 that that DT 7960 10233 10 city city NN 7960 10233 11 henceforth henceforth RB 7960 10233 12 became become VBD 7960 10233 13 the the DT 7960 10233 14 capital capital NN 7960 10233 15 of of IN 7960 10233 16 France France NNP 7960 10233 17 . . . 7960 10234 1 LOUIS LOUIS NNP 7960 10234 2 IX IX NNP 7960 10234 3 , , , 7960 10234 4 THE the DT 7960 10234 5 SAINT SAINT NNP 7960 10234 6 , , , 7960 10234 7 1226 1226 CD 7960 10234 8 - - SYM 7960 10234 9 1276 1276 CD 7960 10234 10 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 10234 11 During during IN 7960 10234 12 the the DT 7960 10234 13 long long JJ 7960 10234 14 reign reign NN 7960 10234 15 of of IN 7960 10234 16 Philip Philip NNP 7960 10234 17 's 's POS 7960 10234 18 grandson grandson NN 7960 10234 19 , , , 7960 10234 20 Louis Louis NNP 7960 10234 21 IX IX NNP 7960 10234 22 , , , 7960 10234 23 rich rich JJ 7960 10234 24 districts district NNS 7960 10234 25 to to IN 7960 10234 26 the the DT 7960 10234 27 west west NN 7960 10234 28 of of IN 7960 10234 29 the the DT 7960 10234 30 Rhone Rhone NNP 7960 10234 31 were be VBD 7960 10234 32 added add VBN 7960 10234 33 to to IN 7960 10234 34 the the DT 7960 10234 35 royal royal JJ 7960 10234 36 domains domain NNS 7960 10234 37 . . . 7960 10235 1 This this DT 7960 10235 2 king king NN 7960 10235 3 , , , 7960 10235 4 whose whose WP$ 7960 10235 5 Christian christian JJ 7960 10235 6 virtues virtue NNS 7960 10235 7 led lead VBD 7960 10235 8 to to IN 7960 10235 9 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10235 10 canonization canonization NN 7960 10235 11 , , , 7960 10235 12 distinguished distinguish VBD 7960 10235 13 himself -PRON- PRP 7960 10235 14 as as IN 7960 10235 15 an an DT 7960 10235 16 administrator administrator NN 7960 10235 17 . . . 7960 10236 1 His -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10236 2 work work NN 7960 10236 3 in in IN 7960 10236 4 unifying unifying JJ 7960 10236 5 France France NNP 7960 10236 6 may may MD 7960 10236 7 be be VB 7960 10236 8 compared compare VBN 7960 10236 9 with with IN 7960 10236 10 that that DT 7960 10236 11 of of IN 7960 10236 12 Henry Henry NNP 7960 10236 13 II II NNP 7960 10236 14 in in IN 7960 10236 15 England England NNP 7960 10236 16 . . . 7960 10237 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 10237 2 decreed decree VBD 7960 10237 3 that that IN 7960 10237 4 only only RB 7960 10237 5 the the DT 7960 10237 6 king king NN 7960 10237 7 's 's POS 7960 10237 8 money money NN 7960 10237 9 was be VBD 7960 10237 10 to to TO 7960 10237 11 circulate circulate VB 7960 10237 12 in in IN 7960 10237 13 the the DT 7960 10237 14 provinces province NNS 7960 10237 15 owned own VBN 7960 10237 16 directly directly RB 7960 10237 17 by by IN 7960 10237 18 himself -PRON- PRP 7960 10237 19 , , , 7960 10237 20 thus thus RB 7960 10237 21 limiting limit VBG 7960 10237 22 the the DT 7960 10237 23 right right NN 7960 10237 24 of of IN 7960 10237 25 coinage coinage NN 7960 10237 26 enjoyed enjoy VBN 7960 10237 27 by by IN 7960 10237 28 feudal feudal JJ 7960 10237 29 lords lord NNS 7960 10237 30 . . . 7960 10238 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 10238 2 restricted restrict VBD 7960 10238 3 very very RB 7960 10238 4 greatly greatly RB 7960 10238 5 the the DT 7960 10238 6 right right NN 7960 10238 7 of of IN 7960 10238 8 private private JJ 7960 10238 9 war war NN 7960 10238 10 and and CC 7960 10238 11 forbade forbid VBD 7960 10238 12 the the DT 7960 10238 13 use use NN 7960 10238 14 of of IN 7960 10238 15 judicial judicial JJ 7960 10238 16 duels duel NNS 7960 10238 17 . . . 7960 10239 1 Louis Louis NNP 7960 10239 2 also also RB 7960 10239 3 provided provide VBD 7960 10239 4 that that IN 7960 10239 5 important important JJ 7960 10239 6 cases case NNS 7960 10239 7 could could MD 7960 10239 8 be be VB 7960 10239 9 appealed appeal VBN 7960 10239 10 from from IN 7960 10239 11 feudal feudal JJ 7960 10239 12 courts court NNS 7960 10239 13 to to IN 7960 10239 14 the the DT 7960 10239 15 king king NN 7960 10239 16 's 's POS 7960 10239 17 judges judge NNS 7960 10239 18 , , , 7960 10239 19 who who WP 7960 10239 20 sat sit VBD 7960 10239 21 in in IN 7960 10239 22 Paris Paris NNP 7960 10239 23 and and CC 7960 10239 24 followed follow VBD 7960 10239 25 in in IN 7960 10239 26 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10239 27 decisions decision NNS 7960 10239 28 the the DT 7960 10239 29 principles principle NNS 7960 10239 30 of of IN 7960 10239 31 Roman roman JJ 7960 10239 32 law law NN 7960 10239 33 . . . 7960 10240 1 In in IN 7960 10240 2 these these DT 7960 10240 3 and and CC 7960 10240 4 other other JJ 7960 10240 5 ways way NNS 7960 10240 6 he -PRON- PRP 7960 10240 7 laid lay VBD 7960 10240 8 the the DT 7960 10240 9 foundations foundation NNS 7960 10240 10 of of IN 7960 10240 11 absolute absolute JJ 7960 10240 12 monarchy monarchy NN 7960 10240 13 in in IN 7960 10240 14 France France NNP 7960 10240 15 . . . 7960 10241 1 PHILIP PHILIP NNP 7960 10241 2 IV IV NNP 7960 10241 3 , , , 7960 10241 4 THE the DT 7960 10241 5 FAIR FAIR NNP 7960 10241 6 , , , 7960 10241 7 1265 1265 CD 7960 10241 8 - - SYM 7960 10241 9 1314 1314 CD 7960 10241 10 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 10242 1 The the DT 7960 10242 2 grandson grandson NN 7960 10242 3 of of IN 7960 10242 4 St. St. NNP 7960 10242 5 Louis Louis NNP 7960 10242 6 , , , 7960 10242 7 Philip Philip NNP 7960 10242 8 IV IV NNP 7960 10242 9 , , , 7960 10242 10 did do VBD 7960 10242 11 much much RB 7960 10242 12 to to TO 7960 10242 13 organize organize VB 7960 10242 14 a a DT 7960 10242 15 financial financial JJ 7960 10242 16 system system NN 7960 10242 17 for for IN 7960 10242 18 France France NNP 7960 10242 19 . . . 7960 10243 1 Now now RB 7960 10243 2 that that IN 7960 10243 3 the the DT 7960 10243 4 kingdom kingdom NN 7960 10243 5 had have VBD 7960 10243 6 become become VBN 7960 10243 7 so so RB 7960 10243 8 large large JJ 7960 10243 9 and and CC 7960 10243 10 powerful powerful JJ 7960 10243 11 , , , 7960 10243 12 the the DT 7960 10243 13 old old JJ 7960 10243 14 feudal feudal JJ 7960 10243 15 dues due NNS 7960 10243 16 were be VBD 7960 10243 17 insufficient insufficient JJ 7960 10243 18 to to TO 7960 10243 19 pay pay VB 7960 10243 20 the the DT 7960 10243 21 salaries salary NNS 7960 10243 22 of of IN 7960 10243 23 the the DT 7960 10243 24 royal royal JJ 7960 10243 25 officials official NNS 7960 10243 26 and and CC 7960 10243 27 support support VB 7960 10243 28 a a DT 7960 10243 29 standing stand VBG 7960 10243 30 army army NN 7960 10243 31 . . . 7960 10244 1 Philip Philip NNP 7960 10244 2 resorted resort VBD 7960 10244 3 to to IN 7960 10244 4 new new JJ 7960 10244 5 methods method NNS 7960 10244 6 of of IN 7960 10244 7 raising raise VBG 7960 10244 8 revenue revenue NN 7960 10244 9 by by IN 7960 10244 10 imposing impose VBG 7960 10244 11 various various JJ 7960 10244 12 taxes taxis NNS 7960 10244 13 and and CC 7960 10244 14 by by IN 7960 10244 15 requiring require VBG 7960 10244 16 the the DT 7960 10244 17 feudal feudal JJ 7960 10244 18 lords lord NNS 7960 10244 19 to to TO 7960 10244 20 substitute substitute VB 7960 10244 21 payments payment NNS 7960 10244 22 in in IN 7960 10244 23 money money NN 7960 10244 24 for for IN 7960 10244 25 the the DT 7960 10244 26 military military JJ 7960 10244 27 service service NN 7960 10244 28 due due JJ 7960 10244 29 from from IN 7960 10244 30 them -PRON- PRP 7960 10244 31 . . . 7960 10245 1 THE the DT 7960 10245 2 ESTATES ESTATES NNP 7960 10245 3 - - : 7960 10245 4 GENERAL GENERAL NNP 7960 10245 5 Philip Philip NNP 7960 10245 6 also also RB 7960 10245 7 called call VBD 7960 10245 8 into into IN 7960 10245 9 existence existence NN 7960 10245 10 the the DT 7960 10245 11 Estates Estates NNPS 7960 10245 12 - - HYPH 7960 10245 13 General General NNP 7960 10245 14 , , , 7960 10245 15 an an DT 7960 10245 16 assembly assembly NN 7960 10245 17 in in IN 7960 10245 18 which which WDT 7960 10245 19 the the DT 7960 10245 20 clergy clergy NN 7960 10245 21 , , , 7960 10245 22 the the DT 7960 10245 23 nobles noble NNS 7960 10245 24 , , , 7960 10245 25 and and CC 7960 10245 26 representatives representative NNS 7960 10245 27 from from IN 7960 10245 28 the the DT 7960 10245 29 commons common NNS 7960 10245 30 ( ( -LRB- 7960 10245 31 the the DT 7960 10245 32 " " `` 7960 10245 33 third third JJ 7960 10245 34 estate estate NN 7960 10245 35 " " '' 7960 10245 36 ) ) -RRB- 7960 10245 37 met meet VBD 7960 10245 38 as as IN 7960 10245 39 separate separate JJ 7960 10245 40 bodies body NNS 7960 10245 41 and and CC 7960 10245 42 voted vote VBD 7960 10245 43 grants grant NNS 7960 10245 44 of of IN 7960 10245 45 money money NN 7960 10245 46 . . . 7960 10246 1 The the DT 7960 10246 2 Estates Estates NNPS 7960 10246 3 - - HYPH 7960 10246 4 General General NNP 7960 10246 5 arose arise VBD 7960 10246 6 almost almost RB 7960 10246 7 at at IN 7960 10246 8 the the DT 7960 10246 9 same same JJ 7960 10246 10 time time NN 7960 10246 11 as as IN 7960 10246 12 the the DT 7960 10246 13 English English NNP 7960 10246 14 Parliament Parliament NNP 7960 10246 15 , , , 7960 10246 16 to to TO 7960 10246 17 which which WDT 7960 10246 18 it -PRON- PRP 7960 10246 19 corresponded correspond VBD 7960 10246 20 , , , 7960 10246 21 but but CC 7960 10246 22 it -PRON- PRP 7960 10246 23 never never RB 7960 10246 24 secured secure VBD 7960 10246 25 the the DT 7960 10246 26 extensive extensive JJ 7960 10246 27 authority authority NN 7960 10246 28 of of IN 7960 10246 29 that that DT 7960 10246 30 body body NN 7960 10246 31 . . . 7960 10247 1 After after IN 7960 10247 2 a a DT 7960 10247 3 time time NN 7960 10247 4 the the DT 7960 10247 5 kings king NNS 7960 10247 6 of of IN 7960 10247 7 France France NNP 7960 10247 8 became become VBD 7960 10247 9 so so RB 7960 10247 10 powerful powerful JJ 7960 10247 11 that that IN 7960 10247 12 they -PRON- PRP 7960 10247 13 managed manage VBD 7960 10247 14 to to TO 7960 10247 15 reign reign VB 7960 10247 16 without without IN 7960 10247 17 once once RB 7960 10247 18 summoning summon VBG 7960 10247 19 the the DT 7960 10247 20 nation nation NN 7960 10247 21 in in IN 7960 10247 22 council council NN 7960 10247 23 . . . 7960 10248 1 The the DT 7960 10248 2 French French NNP 7960 10248 3 did do VBD 7960 10248 4 not not RB 7960 10248 5 succeed succeed VB 7960 10248 6 , , , 7960 10248 7 as as IN 7960 10248 8 the the DT 7960 10248 9 English English NNP 7960 10248 10 had have VBD 7960 10248 11 done do VBN 7960 10248 12 , , , 7960 10248 13 in in IN 7960 10248 14 founding found VBG 7960 10248 15 political political JJ 7960 10248 16 liberty liberty NN 7960 10248 17 upon upon IN 7960 10248 18 the the DT 7960 10248 19 vote vote NN 7960 10248 20 and and CC 7960 10248 21 control control NN 7960 10248 22 of of IN 7960 10248 23 taxation taxation NN 7960 10248 24 . . . 7960 10249 1 188 188 CD 7960 10249 2 . . . 7960 10250 1 THE the DT 7960 10250 2 HUNDRED HUNDRED NNP 7960 10250 3 YEARS year NNS 7960 10250 4 ' ' POS 7960 10250 5 WAR war NN 7960 10250 6 BETWEEN between IN 7960 10250 7 FRANCE FRANCE NNP 7960 10250 8 AND and CC 7960 10250 9 ENGLAND ENGLAND NNP 7960 10250 10 , , , 7960 10250 11 1337 1337 CD 7960 10250 12 - - SYM 7960 10250 13 1453 1453 CD 7960 10250 14 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 10250 15 PRETEXT PRETEXT NNP 7960 10250 16 FOR for IN 7960 10250 17 THE the DT 7960 10250 18 WAR WAR NNP 7960 10250 19 The the DT 7960 10250 20 task task NN 7960 10250 21 of of IN 7960 10250 22 unifying unify VBG 7960 10250 23 France France NNP 7960 10250 24 was be VBD 7960 10250 25 interrupted interrupt VBN 7960 10250 26 by by IN 7960 10250 27 a a DT 7960 10250 28 deplorable deplorable JJ 7960 10250 29 war war NN 7960 10250 30 between between IN 7960 10250 31 that that DT 7960 10250 32 country country NN 7960 10250 33 and and CC 7960 10250 34 England England NNP 7960 10250 35 . . . 7960 10251 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 10251 2 continued continue VBD 7960 10251 3 , , , 7960 10251 4 including include VBG 7960 10251 5 periods period NNS 7960 10251 6 of of IN 7960 10251 7 truce truce NN 7960 10251 8 , , , 7960 10251 9 for for IN 7960 10251 10 over over IN 7960 10251 11 a a DT 7960 10251 12 century century NN 7960 10251 13 . . . 7960 10252 1 The the DT 7960 10252 2 pretext pretext NN 7960 10252 3 for for IN 7960 10252 4 the the DT 7960 10252 5 war war NN 7960 10252 6 was be VBD 7960 10252 7 found find VBN 7960 10252 8 in in IN 7960 10252 9 a a DT 7960 10252 10 disputed dispute VBN 7960 10252 11 succession succession NN 7960 10252 12 . . . 7960 10253 1 In in IN 7960 10253 2 1328 1328 CD 7960 10253 3 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 10253 4 the the DT 7960 10253 5 last last JJ 7960 10253 6 of of IN 7960 10253 7 the the DT 7960 10253 8 three three CD 7960 10253 9 sons son NNS 7960 10253 10 of of IN 7960 10253 11 Philip Philip NNP 7960 10253 12 IV IV NNP 7960 10253 13 passed pass VBD 7960 10253 14 away away RP 7960 10253 15 , , , 7960 10253 16 and and CC 7960 10253 17 the the DT 7960 10253 18 direct direct JJ 7960 10253 19 line line NN 7960 10253 20 of of IN 7960 10253 21 the the DT 7960 10253 22 house house NN 7960 10253 23 of of IN 7960 10253 24 Capet Capet NNP 7960 10253 25 , , , 7960 10253 26 which which WDT 7960 10253 27 had have VBD 7960 10253 28 reigned reign VBN 7960 10253 29 over over IN 7960 10253 30 France France NNP 7960 10253 31 for for IN 7960 10253 32 more more JJR 7960 10253 33 than than IN 7960 10253 34 three three CD 7960 10253 35 hundred hundred CD 7960 10253 36 years year NNS 7960 10253 37 , , , 7960 10253 38 came come VBD 7960 10253 39 to to IN 7960 10253 40 an an DT 7960 10253 41 end end NN 7960 10253 42 . . . 7960 10254 1 The the DT 7960 10254 2 English english JJ 7960 10254 3 ruler ruler NN 7960 10254 4 , , , 7960 10254 5 Edward Edward NNP 7960 10254 6 III III NNP 7960 10254 7 , , , 7960 10254 8 whose whose WP$ 7960 10254 9 mother mother NN 7960 10254 10 was be VBD 7960 10254 11 the the DT 7960 10254 12 daughter daughter NN 7960 10254 13 of of IN 7960 10254 14 Philip Philip NNP 7960 10254 15 IV IV NNP 7960 10254 16 , , , 7960 10254 17 considered consider VBD 7960 10254 18 himself -PRON- PRP 7960 10254 19 the the DT 7960 10254 20 next next JJ 7960 10254 21 lineal lineal NN 7960 10254 22 heir heir NN 7960 10254 23 . . . 7960 10255 1 The the DT 7960 10255 2 French french JJ 7960 10255 3 nobles noble NNS 7960 10255 4 were be VBD 7960 10255 5 naturally naturally RB 7960 10255 6 unwilling unwilling JJ 7960 10255 7 to to TO 7960 10255 8 receive receive VB 7960 10255 9 a a DT 7960 10255 10 foreigner foreigner NN 7960 10255 11 as as IN 7960 10255 12 king king NN 7960 10255 13 , , , 7960 10255 14 and and CC 7960 10255 15 gave give VBD 7960 10255 16 the the DT 7960 10255 17 throne throne NN 7960 10255 18 , , , 7960 10255 19 instead instead RB 7960 10255 20 , , , 7960 10255 21 to to IN 7960 10255 22 a a DT 7960 10255 23 nephew nephew NN 7960 10255 24 of of IN 7960 10255 25 Philip Philip NNP 7960 10255 26 IV IV NNP 7960 10255 27 . . . 7960 10256 1 This this DT 7960 10256 2 decision decision NN 7960 10256 3 was be VBD 7960 10256 4 afterwards afterwards RB 7960 10256 5 justified justify VBN 7960 10256 6 on on IN 7960 10256 7 the the DT 7960 10256 8 ground ground NN 7960 10256 9 that that IN 7960 10256 10 , , , 7960 10256 11 by by IN 7960 10256 12 the the DT 7960 10256 13 old old JJ 7960 10256 14 law law NN 7960 10256 15 of of IN 7960 10256 16 the the DT 7960 10256 17 Salian Salian NNP 7960 10256 18 Franks Franks NNP 7960 10256 19 , , , 7960 10256 20 women woman NNS 7960 10256 21 could could MD 7960 10256 22 neither neither CC 7960 10256 23 inherit inherit VB 7960 10256 24 estates estate NNS 7960 10256 25 nor nor CC 7960 10256 26 transmit transmit VB 7960 10256 27 them -PRON- PRP 7960 10256 28 to to IN 7960 10256 29 a a DT 7960 10256 30 son son NN 7960 10256 31 . . . 7960 10257 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10257 2 22 22 CD 7960 10257 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10257 4 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10257 5 Illustration illustration NN 7960 10257 6 : : : 7960 10257 7 ROYAL royal JJ 7960 10257 8 ARMS arm NNS 7960 10257 9 OF of IN 7960 10257 10 EDWARD EDWARD NNP 7960 10257 11 III III NNP 7960 10257 12 Edward Edward NNP 7960 10257 13 III III NNP 7960 10257 14 , , , 7960 10257 15 having have VBG 7960 10257 16 in in IN 7960 10257 17 1340 1340 CD 7960 10257 18 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 10257 19 set set VBD 7960 10257 20 up up RP 7960 10257 21 a a DT 7960 10257 22 claim claim NN 7960 10257 23 to to IN 7960 10257 24 the the DT 7960 10257 25 throne throne NN 7960 10257 26 of of IN 7960 10257 27 France France NNP 7960 10257 28 , , , 7960 10257 29 proceeded proceed VBD 7960 10257 30 to to TO 7960 10257 31 add add VB 7960 10257 32 the the DT 7960 10257 33 French french JJ 7960 10257 34 lilies lily NNS 7960 10257 35 ( ( -LRB- 7960 10257 36 _ _ NNP 7960 10257 37 fleurs fleur NNS 7960 10257 38 - - HYPH 7960 10257 39 de de NNP 7960 10257 40 - - HYPH 7960 10257 41 lis lis NNP 7960 10257 42 _ _ NNP 7960 10257 43 ) ) -RRB- 7960 10257 44 to to IN 7960 10257 45 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10257 46 coat coat NN 7960 10257 47 of of IN 7960 10257 48 arms arm NNS 7960 10257 49 . . . 7960 10258 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 10258 2 also also RB 7960 10258 3 took take VBD 7960 10258 4 as as IN 7960 10258 5 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10258 6 motto motto NN 7960 10258 7 _ _ NNP 7960 10258 8 Dieu Dieu NNP 7960 10258 9 et et NN 7960 10258 10 mon mon NN 7960 10258 11 Droit Droit NNP 7960 10258 12 _ _ NNP 7960 10258 13 ( ( -LRB- 7960 10258 14 " " `` 7960 10258 15 God God NNP 7960 10258 16 and and CC 7960 10258 17 my -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10258 18 Right right UH 7960 10258 19 " " '' 7960 10258 20 ) ) -RRB- 7960 10258 21 . . . 7960 10259 1 The the DT 7960 10259 2 lilies lily NNS 7960 10259 3 of of IN 7960 10259 4 France France NNP 7960 10259 5 remained remain VBD 7960 10259 6 in in IN 7960 10259 7 the the DT 7960 10259 8 royal royal JJ 7960 10259 9 arms arm NNS 7960 10259 10 till till IN 7960 10259 11 1801 1801 CD 7960 10259 12 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 10259 13 ; ; : 7960 10259 14 the the DT 7960 10259 15 motto motto NN 7960 10259 16 is be VBZ 7960 10259 17 still still RB 7960 10259 18 retained retain VBN 7960 10259 19 . . . 7960 10259 20 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10260 1 REASONS reasons NN 7960 10260 2 FOR for IN 7960 10260 3 THE the DT 7960 10260 4 WAR WAR NNP 7960 10260 5 Edward Edward NNP 7960 10260 6 III III NNP 7960 10260 7 at at IN 7960 10260 8 first first RB 7960 10260 9 accepted accept VBD 7960 10260 10 the the DT 7960 10260 11 situation situation NN 7960 10260 12 . . . 7960 10261 1 Philip Philip NNP 7960 10261 2 VI VI NNP 7960 10261 3 , , , 7960 10261 4 however however RB 7960 10261 5 , , , 7960 10261 6 irritated irritated JJ 7960 10261 7 Edward Edward NNP 7960 10261 8 by by IN 7960 10261 9 constant constant JJ 7960 10261 10 encroachments encroachment NNS 7960 10261 11 on on IN 7960 10261 12 the the DT 7960 10261 13 territories territory NNS 7960 10261 14 which which WDT 7960 10261 15 the the DT 7960 10261 16 English English NNP 7960 10261 17 still still RB 7960 10261 18 kept keep VBD 7960 10261 19 in in IN 7960 10261 20 France France NNP 7960 10261 21 . . . 7960 10262 1 Philip Philip NNP 7960 10262 2 also also RB 7960 10262 3 allied ally VBD 7960 10262 4 himself -PRON- PRP 7960 10262 5 with with IN 7960 10262 6 the the DT 7960 10262 7 Scotch Scotch NNP 7960 10262 8 and and CC 7960 10262 9 interfered interfere VBD 7960 10262 10 with with IN 7960 10262 11 English english JJ 7960 10262 12 trade trade NN 7960 10262 13 interests interest NNS 7960 10262 14 in in IN 7960 10262 15 the the DT 7960 10262 16 county county NN 7960 10262 17 of of IN 7960 10262 18 Flanders Flanders NNP 7960 10262 19 . . . 7960 10263 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10263 2 23 23 CD 7960 10263 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10263 4 This this DT 7960 10263 5 attitude attitude NN 7960 10263 6 of of IN 7960 10263 7 hostility hostility NN 7960 10263 8 provoked provoke VBD 7960 10263 9 retaliation retaliation NN 7960 10263 10 . . . 7960 10264 1 Edward Edward NNP 7960 10264 2 now now RB 7960 10264 3 reasserted reassert VBD 7960 10264 4 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10264 5 claim claim NN 7960 10264 6 to to IN 7960 10264 7 the the DT 7960 10264 8 crown crown NN 7960 10264 9 of of IN 7960 10264 10 France France NNP 7960 10264 11 and and CC 7960 10264 12 prepared prepare VBN 7960 10264 13 by by IN 7960 10264 14 force force NN 7960 10264 15 of of IN 7960 10264 16 arms arm NNS 7960 10264 17 to to TO 7960 10264 18 make make VB 7960 10264 19 it -PRON- PRP 7960 10264 20 good good JJ 7960 10264 21 . . . 7960 10265 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10265 2 Illustration illustration NN 7960 10265 3 : : : 7960 10265 4 ENGLISH ENGLISH NNP 7960 10265 5 ARCHER archer VBP 7960 10265 6 From from IN 7960 10265 7 an an DT 7960 10265 8 old old JJ 7960 10265 9 manuscript manuscript NN 7960 10265 10 . . . 7960 10265 11 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10266 1 BATTLES battle NNS 7960 10266 2 OF of IN 7960 10266 3 CRÉCY crécy NN 7960 10266 4 , , , 7960 10266 5 1346 1346 CD 7960 10266 6 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 10266 7 , , , 7960 10266 8 AND and CC 7960 10266 9 POITIERS poitier NNS 7960 10266 10 , , , 7960 10266 11 1356 1356 CD 7960 10266 12 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 10267 1 In in IN 7960 10267 2 1346 1346 CD 7960 10267 3 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 10267 4 Edward Edward NNP 7960 10267 5 led lead VBD 7960 10267 6 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10267 7 troops troop NNS 7960 10267 8 across across IN 7960 10267 9 the the DT 7960 10267 10 Channel Channel NNP 7960 10267 11 and and CC 7960 10267 12 at at IN 7960 10267 13 Crécy Crécy NNP 7960 10267 14 gained gain VBD 7960 10267 15 a a DT 7960 10267 16 complete complete JJ 7960 10267 17 victory victory NN 7960 10267 18 over over IN 7960 10267 19 the the DT 7960 10267 20 knighthood knighthood NN 7960 10267 21 of of IN 7960 10267 22 France France NNP 7960 10267 23 . . . 7960 10268 1 Ten ten CD 7960 10268 2 years year NNS 7960 10268 3 later later RB 7960 10268 4 the the DT 7960 10268 5 English English NNP 7960 10268 6 at at IN 7960 10268 7 Poitiers Poitiers NNP 7960 10268 8 almost almost RB 7960 10268 9 annihilated annihilate VBD 7960 10268 10 another another DT 7960 10268 11 French french JJ 7960 10268 12 force force NN 7960 10268 13 much much JJ 7960 10268 14 superior superior JJ 7960 10268 15 in in IN 7960 10268 16 numbers number NNS 7960 10268 17 . . . 7960 10269 1 These these DT 7960 10269 2 two two CD 7960 10269 3 battles battle NNS 7960 10269 4 were be VBD 7960 10269 5 mainly mainly RB 7960 10269 6 won win VBN 7960 10269 7 by by IN 7960 10269 8 foot foot NN 7960 10269 9 soldiers soldier NNS 7960 10269 10 armed arm VBN 7960 10269 11 with with IN 7960 10269 12 the the DT 7960 10269 13 long long JJ 7960 10269 14 bow bow NN 7960 10269 15 , , , 7960 10269 16 in in IN 7960 10269 17 the the DT 7960 10269 18 use use NN 7960 10269 19 of of IN 7960 10269 20 which which WDT 7960 10269 21 the the DT 7960 10269 22 English English NNP 7960 10269 23 excelled excel VBD 7960 10269 24 . . . 7960 10270 1 Ordinary ordinary JJ 7960 10270 2 iron iron NN 7960 10270 3 mail mail NN 7960 10270 4 could could MD 7960 10270 5 not not RB 7960 10270 6 resist resist VB 7960 10270 7 the the DT 7960 10270 8 heavy heavy JJ 7960 10270 9 , , , 7960 10270 10 yard yard NN 7960 10270 11 - - HYPH 7960 10270 12 long long JJ 7960 10270 13 arrows arrow NNS 7960 10270 14 , , , 7960 10270 15 which which WDT 7960 10270 16 fell fall VBD 7960 10270 17 with with IN 7960 10270 18 murderous murderous JJ 7960 10270 19 effect effect NN 7960 10270 20 upon upon IN 7960 10270 21 the the DT 7960 10270 22 bodies body NNS 7960 10270 23 of of IN 7960 10270 24 men man NNS 7960 10270 25 and and CC 7960 10270 26 horses horse NNS 7960 10270 27 alike alike RB 7960 10270 28 . . . 7960 10271 1 Henceforth henceforth RB 7960 10271 2 infantry infantry NN 7960 10271 3 , , , 7960 10271 4 when when WRB 7960 10271 5 properly properly RB 7960 10271 6 armed arm VBN 7960 10271 7 and and CC 7960 10271 8 led lead VBN 7960 10271 9 , , , 7960 10271 10 were be VBD 7960 10271 11 to to TO 7960 10271 12 prove prove VB 7960 10271 13 themselves -PRON- PRP 7960 10271 14 on on IN 7960 10271 15 many many PDT 7960 10271 16 a a DT 7960 10271 17 bloody bloody JJ 7960 10271 18 field field NN 7960 10271 19 more more JJR 7960 10271 20 than than IN 7960 10271 21 a a DT 7960 10271 22 match match NN 7960 10271 23 for for IN 7960 10271 24 feudal feudal JJ 7960 10271 25 cavalry cavalry NN 7960 10271 26 . . . 7960 10272 1 The the DT 7960 10272 2 long long JJ 7960 10272 3 bow bow NN 7960 10272 4 , , , 7960 10272 5 followed follow VBN 7960 10272 6 later later RB 7960 10272 7 by by IN 7960 10272 8 the the DT 7960 10272 9 musket musket NN 7960 10272 10 , , , 7960 10272 11 struck strike VBD 7960 10272 12 a a DT 7960 10272 13 deadly deadly JJ 7960 10272 14 blow blow NN 7960 10272 15 at at IN 7960 10272 16 feudalism feudalism NN 7960 10272 17 . . . 7960 10273 1 THE the DT 7960 10273 2 " " `` 7960 10273 3 BLACK black JJ 7960 10273 4 PRINCE prince NN 7960 10273 5 " " '' 7960 10273 6 Edward Edward NNP 7960 10273 7 's 's POS 7960 10273 8 son son NN 7960 10273 9 , , , 7960 10273 10 the the DT 7960 10273 11 Prince Prince NNP 7960 10273 12 of of IN 7960 10273 13 Wales Wales NNP 7960 10273 14 , , , 7960 10273 15 when when WRB 7960 10273 16 only only RB 7960 10273 17 sixteen sixteen CD 7960 10273 18 years year NNS 7960 10273 19 of of IN 7960 10273 20 age age NN 7960 10273 21 , , , 7960 10273 22 won win VBD 7960 10273 23 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10273 24 spurs spur NNS 7960 10273 25 by by IN 7960 10273 26 distinguished distinguished JJ 7960 10273 27 conduct conduct NN 7960 10273 28 at at IN 7960 10273 29 Crécy Crécy NNP 7960 10273 30 . . . 7960 10274 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 10274 2 was be VBD 7960 10274 3 the the DT 7960 10274 4 " " `` 7960 10274 5 Black black JJ 7960 10274 6 Prince Prince NNP 7960 10274 7 , , , 7960 10274 8 " " '' 7960 10274 9 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10274 10 24 24 CD 7960 10274 11 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10274 12 also also RB 7960 10274 13 , , , 7960 10274 14 who who WP 7960 10274 15 gained gain VBD 7960 10274 16 the the DT 7960 10274 17 day day NN 7960 10274 18 at at IN 7960 10274 19 Poitiers Poitiers NNP 7960 10274 20 , , , 7960 10274 21 where where WRB 7960 10274 22 he -PRON- PRP 7960 10274 23 took take VBD 7960 10274 24 prisoner prisoner NN 7960 10274 25 the the DT 7960 10274 26 French french JJ 7960 10274 27 king king NN 7960 10274 28 , , , 7960 10274 29 John John NNP 7960 10274 30 . . . 7960 10275 1 Toward toward IN 7960 10275 2 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10275 3 royal royal NN 7960 10275 4 captive captive NN 7960 10275 5 he -PRON- PRP 7960 10275 6 behaved behave VBD 7960 10275 7 in in IN 7960 10275 8 chivalrous chivalrous JJ 7960 10275 9 fashion fashion NN 7960 10275 10 . . . 7960 10276 1 At at IN 7960 10276 2 supper supper NN 7960 10276 3 , , , 7960 10276 4 on on IN 7960 10276 5 the the DT 7960 10276 6 evening evening NN 7960 10276 7 of of IN 7960 10276 8 the the DT 7960 10276 9 battle battle NN 7960 10276 10 , , , 7960 10276 11 he -PRON- PRP 7960 10276 12 stood stand VBD 7960 10276 13 behind behind IN 7960 10276 14 John John NNP 7960 10276 15 's 's POS 7960 10276 16 chair chair NN 7960 10276 17 and and CC 7960 10276 18 waited wait VBD 7960 10276 19 on on IN 7960 10276 20 him -PRON- PRP 7960 10276 21 , , , 7960 10276 22 praising praise VBG 7960 10276 23 the the DT 7960 10276 24 king king NN 7960 10276 25 's 's POS 7960 10276 26 brave brave JJ 7960 10276 27 deeds deed NNS 7960 10276 28 . . . 7960 10277 1 But but CC 7960 10277 2 this this DT 7960 10277 3 " " `` 7960 10277 4 flower flower NN 7960 10277 5 of of IN 7960 10277 6 knighthood knighthood NNP 7960 10277 7 , , , 7960 10277 8 " " '' 7960 10277 9 who who WP 7960 10277 10 regarded regard VBD 7960 10277 11 warfare warfare NN 7960 10277 12 as as IN 7960 10277 13 only only RB 7960 10277 14 a a DT 7960 10277 15 tournament tournament NN 7960 10277 16 on on IN 7960 10277 17 a a DT 7960 10277 18 larger large JJR 7960 10277 19 scale scale NN 7960 10277 20 , , , 7960 10277 21 could could MD 7960 10277 22 be be VB 7960 10277 23 ruthless ruthless JJ 7960 10277 24 in in IN 7960 10277 25 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10277 26 treatment treatment NN 7960 10277 27 of of IN 7960 10277 28 the the DT 7960 10277 29 common common JJ 7960 10277 30 people people NNS 7960 10277 31 . . . 7960 10278 1 On on IN 7960 10278 2 one one CD 7960 10278 3 occasion occasion NN 7960 10278 4 he -PRON- PRP 7960 10278 5 caused cause VBD 7960 10278 6 three three CD 7960 10278 7 thousand thousand CD 7960 10278 8 inhabitants inhabitant NNS 7960 10278 9 of of IN 7960 10278 10 a a DT 7960 10278 11 captured capture VBN 7960 10278 12 town town NN 7960 10278 13 -- -- : 7960 10278 14 men man NNS 7960 10278 15 , , , 7960 10278 16 women woman NNS 7960 10278 17 and and CC 7960 10278 18 children child NNS 7960 10278 19 -- -- : 7960 10278 20 to to TO 7960 10278 21 be be VB 7960 10278 22 butchered butcher VBN 7960 10278 23 before before IN 7960 10278 24 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10278 25 eyes eye NNS 7960 10278 26 . . . 7960 10279 1 The the DT 7960 10279 2 incident incident NN 7960 10279 3 shows show VBZ 7960 10279 4 how how WRB 7960 10279 5 far far RB 7960 10279 6 apart apart RB 7960 10279 7 in in IN 7960 10279 8 the the DT 7960 10279 9 Middle Middle NNP 7960 10279 10 Ages Ages NNPS 7960 10279 11 were be VBD 7960 10279 12 chivalry chivalry NN 7960 10279 13 and and CC 7960 10279 14 humanity humanity NN 7960 10279 15 . . . 7960 10280 1 RENEWAL RENEWAL NNP 7960 10280 2 OF of IN 7960 10280 3 THE the DT 7960 10280 4 WAR WAR NNP 7960 10280 5 The The NNP 7960 10280 6 English English NNP 7960 10280 7 , , , 7960 10280 8 in in IN 7960 10280 9 spite spite NN 7960 10280 10 of of IN 7960 10280 11 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10280 12 victories victory NNS 7960 10280 13 , , , 7960 10280 14 could could MD 7960 10280 15 not not RB 7960 10280 16 conquer conquer VB 7960 10280 17 France France NNP 7960 10280 18 . . . 7960 10281 1 The the DT 7960 10281 2 French French NNP 7960 10281 3 refused refuse VBD 7960 10281 4 to to TO 7960 10281 5 fight fight VB 7960 10281 6 more more RBR 7960 10281 7 pitched pitch VBN 7960 10281 8 battles battle NNS 7960 10281 9 and and CC 7960 10281 10 retired retire VBD 7960 10281 11 to to IN 7960 10281 12 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10281 13 castles castle NNS 7960 10281 14 and and CC 7960 10281 15 fortified fortify VBD 7960 10281 16 towns town NNS 7960 10281 17 . . . 7960 10282 1 The the DT 7960 10282 2 war war NN 7960 10282 3 almost almost RB 7960 10282 4 ceased cease VBD 7960 10282 5 for for IN 7960 10282 6 many many JJ 7960 10282 7 years year NNS 7960 10282 8 after after IN 7960 10282 9 the the DT 7960 10282 10 death death NN 7960 10282 11 of of IN 7960 10282 12 Edward Edward NNP 7960 10282 13 III III NNP 7960 10282 14 . . . 7960 10283 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 10283 2 began begin VBD 7960 10283 3 again again RB 7960 10283 4 early early RB 7960 10283 5 in in IN 7960 10283 6 the the DT 7960 10283 7 fifteenth fifteenth JJ 7960 10283 8 century century NN 7960 10283 9 , , , 7960 10283 10 and and CC 7960 10283 11 the the DT 7960 10283 12 English English NNP 7960 10283 13 this this DT 7960 10283 14 time time NN 7960 10283 15 met meet VBD 7960 10283 16 with with IN 7960 10283 17 more more JJR 7960 10283 18 success success NN 7960 10283 19 . . . 7960 10284 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 10284 2 gained gain VBD 7960 10284 3 possession possession NN 7960 10284 4 of of IN 7960 10284 5 almost almost RB 7960 10284 6 all all DT 7960 10284 7 France France NNP 7960 10284 8 north north NN 7960 10284 9 of of IN 7960 10284 10 the the DT 7960 10284 11 Loire Loire NNP 7960 10284 12 , , , 7960 10284 13 except except IN 7960 10284 14 the the DT 7960 10284 15 important important JJ 7960 10284 16 city city NN 7960 10284 17 of of IN 7960 10284 18 Orléans Orléans NNP 7960 10284 19 . . . 7960 10285 1 Had have VBD 7960 10285 2 the the DT 7960 10285 3 English English NNP 7960 10285 4 taken take VBN 7960 10285 5 it -PRON- PRP 7960 10285 6 , , , 7960 10285 7 French french JJ 7960 10285 8 resistance resistance NN 7960 10285 9 must must MD 7960 10285 10 have have VB 7960 10285 11 collapsed collapse VBN 7960 10285 12 . . . 7960 10286 1 That that IN 7960 10286 2 they -PRON- PRP 7960 10286 3 did do VBD 7960 10286 4 not not RB 7960 10286 5 take take VB 7960 10286 6 it -PRON- PRP 7960 10286 7 was be VBD 7960 10286 8 due due JJ 7960 10286 9 to to IN 7960 10286 10 one one CD 7960 10286 11 of of IN 7960 10286 12 the the DT 7960 10286 13 most most RBS 7960 10286 14 remarkable remarkable JJ 7960 10286 15 women woman NNS 7960 10286 16 in in IN 7960 10286 17 history history NN 7960 10286 18 -- -- : 7960 10286 19 Joan Joan NNP 7960 10286 20 of of IN 7960 10286 21 Arc Arc NNP 7960 10286 22 . . . 7960 10287 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10287 2 25 25 CD 7960 10287 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10287 4 THE THE NNP 7960 10287 5 " " `` 7960 10287 6 MAID MAID NNP 7960 10287 7 OF of IN 7960 10287 8 ORLÉANS ORLÉANS NNP 7960 10287 9 , , , 7960 10287 10 " " '' 7960 10287 11 1429 1429 CD 7960 10287 12 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 10287 13 Joan Joan NNP 7960 10287 14 was be VBD 7960 10287 15 a a DT 7960 10287 16 peasant peasant NN 7960 10287 17 girl girl NN 7960 10287 18 , , , 7960 10287 19 a a DT 7960 10287 20 native native NN 7960 10287 21 of of IN 7960 10287 22 the the DT 7960 10287 23 little little JJ 7960 10287 24 village village NN 7960 10287 25 of of IN 7960 10287 26 Domremy Domremy NNP 7960 10287 27 . . . 7960 10288 1 Always always RB 7960 10288 2 a a DT 7960 10288 3 devout devout JJ 7960 10288 4 and and CC 7960 10288 5 imaginative imaginative JJ 7960 10288 6 child child NN 7960 10288 7 , , , 7960 10288 8 she -PRON- PRP 7960 10288 9 early early RB 7960 10288 10 began begin VBD 7960 10288 11 to to TO 7960 10288 12 see see VB 7960 10288 13 visions vision NNS 7960 10288 14 of of IN 7960 10288 15 saints saint NNS 7960 10288 16 and and CC 7960 10288 17 angels angel NNS 7960 10288 18 and and CC 7960 10288 19 to to TO 7960 10288 20 hear hear VB 7960 10288 21 mysterious mysterious JJ 7960 10288 22 voices voice NNS 7960 10288 23 . . . 7960 10289 1 At at IN 7960 10289 2 the the DT 7960 10289 3 time time NN 7960 10289 4 of of IN 7960 10289 5 the the DT 7960 10289 6 siege siege NN 7960 10289 7 of of IN 7960 10289 8 Orléans Orléans NNP 7960 10289 9 the the DT 7960 10289 10 archangel archangel NN 7960 10289 11 Michael Michael NNP 7960 10289 12 appeared appear VBD 7960 10289 13 to to IN 7960 10289 14 her -PRON- PRP 7960 10289 15 , , , 7960 10289 16 so so RB 7960 10289 17 she -PRON- PRP 7960 10289 18 declared declare VBD 7960 10289 19 , , , 7960 10289 20 and and CC 7960 10289 21 bade bade VB 7960 10289 22 her -PRON- PRP 7960 10289 23 go go VB 7960 10289 24 forth forth RB 7960 10289 25 and and CC 7960 10289 26 save save VB 7960 10289 27 France France NNP 7960 10289 28 . . . 7960 10290 1 Joan Joan NNP 7960 10290 2 obeyed obey VBD 7960 10290 3 , , , 7960 10290 4 and and CC 7960 10290 5 though though IN 7960 10290 6 barely barely RB 7960 10290 7 seventeen seventeen CD 7960 10290 8 years year NNS 7960 10290 9 of of IN 7960 10290 10 age age NN 7960 10290 11 made make VBD 7960 10290 12 her -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10290 13 way way NN 7960 10290 14 to to IN 7960 10290 15 the the DT 7960 10290 16 court court NN 7960 10290 17 of of IN 7960 10290 18 the the DT 7960 10290 19 French french JJ 7960 10290 20 king king NN 7960 10290 21 . . . 7960 10291 1 There there EX 7960 10291 2 her -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10291 3 piety piety NN 7960 10291 4 , , , 7960 10291 5 simplicity simplicity NN 7960 10291 6 , , , 7960 10291 7 and and CC 7960 10291 8 evident evident JJ 7960 10291 9 faith faith NN 7960 10291 10 in in IN 7960 10291 11 her -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10291 12 mission mission NN 7960 10291 13 overcame overcome VBD 7960 10291 14 all all DT 7960 10291 15 doubts doubt NNS 7960 10291 16 . . . 7960 10292 1 Clad clothe VBN 7960 10292 2 in in IN 7960 10292 3 armor armor NN 7960 10292 4 , , , 7960 10292 5 girt girt NN 7960 10292 6 with with IN 7960 10292 7 an an DT 7960 10292 8 ancient ancient JJ 7960 10292 9 sword sword NN 7960 10292 10 , , , 7960 10292 11 and and CC 7960 10292 12 with with IN 7960 10292 13 a a DT 7960 10292 14 white white JJ 7960 10292 15 banner banner NN 7960 10292 16 borne bear VBN 7960 10292 17 before before IN 7960 10292 18 her -PRON- PRP 7960 10292 19 , , , 7960 10292 20 Joan Joan NNP 7960 10292 21 was be VBD 7960 10292 22 allowed allow VBN 7960 10292 23 to to TO 7960 10292 24 accompany accompany VB 7960 10292 25 an an DT 7960 10292 26 army army NN 7960 10292 27 for for IN 7960 10292 28 the the DT 7960 10292 29 relief relief NN 7960 10292 30 of of IN 7960 10292 31 Orléans Orléans NNP 7960 10292 32 . . . 7960 10293 1 She -PRON- PRP 7960 10293 2 inspired inspire VBD 7960 10293 3 the the DT 7960 10293 4 French French NNP 7960 10293 5 with with IN 7960 10293 6 such such JJ 7960 10293 7 enthusiasm enthusiasm NN 7960 10293 8 that that IN 7960 10293 9 they -PRON- PRP 7960 10293 10 quickly quickly RB 7960 10293 11 compelled compel VBD 7960 10293 12 the the DT 7960 10293 13 English English NNP 7960 10293 14 to to TO 7960 10293 15 raise raise VB 7960 10293 16 the the DT 7960 10293 17 siege siege NN 7960 10293 18 . . . 7960 10294 1 Then then RB 7960 10294 2 Joan Joan NNP 7960 10294 3 led lead VBD 7960 10294 4 her -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10294 5 king king NN 7960 10294 6 to to IN 7960 10294 7 Reims Reims NNP 7960 10294 8 and and CC 7960 10294 9 stood stand VBD 7960 10294 10 beside beside IN 7960 10294 11 him -PRON- PRP 7960 10294 12 at at IN 7960 10294 13 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10294 14 coronation coronation NN 7960 10294 15 in in IN 7960 10294 16 the the DT 7960 10294 17 cathedral cathedral NN 7960 10294 18 . . . 7960 10295 1 END END NNP 7960 10295 2 OF of IN 7960 10295 3 THE the DT 7960 10295 4 WAR WAR NNP 7960 10295 5 Though though IN 7960 10295 6 Joan Joan NNP 7960 10295 7 was be VBD 7960 10295 8 soon soon RB 7960 10295 9 afterwards afterwards RB 7960 10295 10 captured capture VBN 7960 10295 11 by by IN 7960 10295 12 the the DT 7960 10295 13 English English NNP 7960 10295 14 , , , 7960 10295 15 who who WP 7960 10295 16 , , , 7960 10295 17 to to IN 7960 10295 18 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10295 19 lasting lasting JJ 7960 10295 20 dishonor dishonor NN 7960 10295 21 , , , 7960 10295 22 burned burn VBD 7960 10295 23 her -PRON- PRP 7960 10295 24 as as IN 7960 10295 25 a a DT 7960 10295 26 witch witch NN 7960 10295 27 , , , 7960 10295 28 her -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10295 29 example example NN 7960 10295 30 nerved nerve VBD 7960 10295 31 the the DT 7960 10295 32 French French NNP 7960 10295 33 to to TO 7960 10295 34 further further JJ 7960 10295 35 resistance resistance NN 7960 10295 36 . . . 7960 10296 1 The the DT 7960 10296 2 English English NNP 7960 10296 3 gradually gradually RB 7960 10296 4 lost lose VBD 7960 10296 5 ground ground NN 7960 10296 6 and and CC 7960 10296 7 in in IN 7960 10296 8 1453 1453 CD 7960 10296 9 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 10296 10 , , , 7960 10296 11 the the DT 7960 10296 12 year year NN 7960 10296 13 of of IN 7960 10296 14 the the DT 7960 10296 15 fall fall NN 7960 10296 16 of of IN 7960 10296 17 Constantinople Constantinople NNP 7960 10296 18 , , , 7960 10296 19 abandoned abandon VBD 7960 10296 20 the the DT 7960 10296 21 effort effort NN 7960 10296 22 to to TO 7960 10296 23 conquer conquer VB 7960 10296 24 a a DT 7960 10296 25 land land NN 7960 10296 26 much much RB 7960 10296 27 larger large JJR 7960 10296 28 than than IN 7960 10296 29 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10296 30 own own JJ 7960 10296 31 . . . 7960 10297 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 10297 2 retained retain VBD 7960 10297 3 of of IN 7960 10297 4 the the DT 7960 10297 5 French french JJ 7960 10297 6 territories territory NNS 7960 10297 7 only only RB 7960 10297 8 the the DT 7960 10297 9 port port NN 7960 10297 10 of of IN 7960 10297 11 Calais Calais NNP 7960 10297 12 and and CC 7960 10297 13 the the DT 7960 10297 14 Channel Channel NNP 7960 10297 15 Islands Islands NNPS 7960 10297 16 . . . 7960 10298 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10298 2 26 26 CD 7960 10298 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10298 4 EFFECTS EFFECTS NNP 7960 10298 5 OF of IN 7960 10298 6 THE the DT 7960 10298 7 WAR war NN 7960 10298 8 Few few JJ 7960 10298 9 wars war NNS 7960 10298 10 have have VBP 7960 10298 11 had have VBN 7960 10298 12 less less JJR 7960 10298 13 to to TO 7960 10298 14 justify justify VB 7960 10298 15 them -PRON- PRP 7960 10298 16 , , , 7960 10298 17 either either CC 7960 10298 18 in in IN 7960 10298 19 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10298 20 causes cause NNS 7960 10298 21 or or CC 7960 10298 22 in in IN 7960 10298 23 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10298 24 consequences consequence NNS 7960 10298 25 , , , 7960 10298 26 than than IN 7960 10298 27 this this DT 7960 10298 28 long long JJ 7960 10298 29 struggle struggle NN 7960 10298 30 between between IN 7960 10298 31 England England NNP 7960 10298 32 and and CC 7960 10298 33 France France NNP 7960 10298 34 . . . 7960 10299 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 10299 2 was be VBD 7960 10299 3 a a DT 7960 10299 4 calamity calamity NN 7960 10299 5 to to IN 7960 10299 6 both both DT 7960 10299 7 lands land NNS 7960 10299 8 . . . 7960 10300 1 For for IN 7960 10300 2 England England NNP 7960 10300 3 it -PRON- PRP 7960 10300 4 meant mean VBD 7960 10300 5 the the DT 7960 10300 6 dissipation dissipation NN 7960 10300 7 abroad abroad RB 7960 10300 8 of of IN 7960 10300 9 the the DT 7960 10300 10 energies energy NNS 7960 10300 11 which which WDT 7960 10300 12 would would MD 7960 10300 13 have have VB 7960 10300 14 been be VBN 7960 10300 15 better well RBR 7960 10300 16 employed employ VBN 7960 10300 17 at at IN 7960 10300 18 home home NN 7960 10300 19 . . . 7960 10301 1 For for IN 7960 10301 2 France France NNP 7960 10301 3 it -PRON- PRP 7960 10301 4 resulted result VBD 7960 10301 5 in in IN 7960 10301 6 widespread widespread JJ 7960 10301 7 destruction destruction NN 7960 10301 8 of of IN 7960 10301 9 property property NN 7960 10301 10 , , , 7960 10301 11 untold untold JJ 7960 10301 12 suffering suffering NN 7960 10301 13 , , , 7960 10301 14 famines famine NNS 7960 10301 15 , , , 7960 10301 16 and and CC 7960 10301 17 terrible terrible JJ 7960 10301 18 loss loss NN 7960 10301 19 of of IN 7960 10301 20 life life NN 7960 10301 21 . . . 7960 10302 1 From from IN 7960 10302 2 this this DT 7960 10302 3 time time NN 7960 10302 4 dates date VBZ 7960 10302 5 that that IN 7960 10302 6 traditional traditional JJ 7960 10302 7 hostility hostility NN 7960 10302 8 between between IN 7960 10302 9 the the DT 7960 10302 10 two two CD 7960 10302 11 countries country NNS 7960 10302 12 which which WDT 7960 10302 13 was be VBD 7960 10302 14 to to TO 7960 10302 15 involve involve VB 7960 10302 16 them -PRON- PRP 7960 10302 17 in in IN 7960 10302 18 future future JJ 7960 10302 19 conflicts conflict NNS 7960 10302 20 . . . 7960 10303 1 One one CD 7960 10303 2 beneficial beneficial JJ 7960 10303 3 effect effect NN 7960 10303 4 the the DT 7960 10303 5 war war NN 7960 10303 6 did do VBD 7960 10303 7 have have VB 7960 10303 8 . . . 7960 10304 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 10304 2 helped help VBD 7960 10304 3 to to TO 7960 10304 4 make make VB 7960 10304 5 the the DT 7960 10304 6 two two CD 7960 10304 7 nations nation NNS 7960 10304 8 conscious conscious JJ 7960 10304 9 of of IN 7960 10304 10 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10304 11 separate separate JJ 7960 10304 12 existence existence NN 7960 10304 13 . . . 7960 10305 1 The the DT 7960 10305 2 growth growth NN 7960 10305 3 of of IN 7960 10305 4 a a DT 7960 10305 5 national national JJ 7960 10305 6 feeling feeling NN 7960 10305 7 , , , 7960 10305 8 the the DT 7960 10305 9 awakening awakening NN 7960 10305 10 of of IN 7960 10305 11 a a DT 7960 10305 12 sentiment sentiment NN 7960 10305 13 of of IN 7960 10305 14 patriotism patriotism NN 7960 10305 15 , , , 7960 10305 16 was be VBD 7960 10305 17 especially especially RB 7960 10305 18 marked mark VBN 7960 10305 19 in in IN 7960 10305 20 France 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27 involved involved JJ 7960 10306 28 in in IN 7960 10306 29 desperate desperate JJ 7960 10306 30 struggle struggle NN 7960 10306 31 for for IN 7960 10306 32 the the DT 7960 10306 33 crown crown NN 7960 10306 34 . . . 7960 10307 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 10307 2 was be VBD 7960 10307 3 known know VBN 7960 10307 4 as as IN 7960 10307 5 the the DT 7960 10307 6 War War NNP 7960 10307 7 of of IN 7960 10307 8 the the DT 7960 10307 9 Roses Roses NNPS 7960 10307 10 , , , 7960 10307 11 because because IN 7960 10307 12 the the DT 7960 10307 13 house house NN 7960 10307 14 of of IN 7960 10307 15 York York NNP 7960 10307 16 took take VBD 7960 10307 17 as as IN 7960 10307 18 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10307 19 badge badge NN 7960 10307 20 a a DT 7960 10307 21 white white NNP 7960 10307 22 rose rise VBD 7960 10307 23 and and CC 7960 10307 24 the the DT 7960 10307 25 house house NN 7960 10307 26 of of IN 7960 10307 27 Lancaster Lancaster NNP 7960 10307 28 , , , 7960 10307 29 a a DT 7960 10307 30 red red JJ 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NNP 7960 10308 6 , , , 7960 10308 7 when when WRB 7960 10308 8 the the DT 7960 10308 9 Lancastrians Lancastrians NNPS 7960 10308 10 conquered conquer VBD 7960 10308 11 , , , 7960 10308 12 and and CC 7960 10308 13 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10308 14 leader leader NN 7960 10308 15 , , , 7960 10308 16 Henry Henry NNP 7960 10308 17 Tudor Tudor NNP 7960 10308 18 , , , 7960 10308 19 ascended ascend VBD 7960 10308 20 the the DT 7960 10308 21 throne throne NN 7960 10308 22 as as IN 7960 10308 23 Henry Henry NNP 7960 10308 24 VII VII NNP 7960 10308 25 . . . 7960 10309 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 10309 2 married marry VBD 7960 10309 3 a a DT 7960 10309 4 Yorkist yorkist JJ 7960 10309 5 wife wife NN 7960 10309 6 , , , 7960 10309 7 thus thus RB 7960 10309 8 uniting unite VBG 7960 10309 9 the the DT 7960 10309 10 two two CD 7960 10309 11 factions faction NNS 7960 10309 12 , , , 7960 10309 13 and and CC 7960 10309 14 founded found VBD 7960 10309 15 the the DT 7960 10309 16 Tudor Tudor NNP 7960 10309 17 dynasty dynasty NN 7960 10309 18 . . . 7960 10310 1 The the DT 7960 10310 2 War War NNP 7960 10310 3 of of IN 7960 10310 4 the the DT 7960 10310 5 Roses Roses NNPS 7960 10310 6 arrested arrest VBD 7960 10310 7 the the DT 7960 10310 8 progress progress NN 7960 10310 9 of of IN 7960 10310 10 English english JJ 7960 10310 11 freedom freedom NN 7960 10310 12 . . . 7960 10311 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 10311 2 created create VBD 7960 10311 3 a a DT 7960 10311 4 demand demand NN 7960 10311 5 for for IN 7960 10311 6 a a DT 7960 10311 7 strong strong JJ 7960 10311 8 monarchy monarchy NN 7960 10311 9 which which WDT 7960 10311 10 could could MD 7960 10311 11 keep keep VB 7960 10311 12 order order NN 7960 10311 13 and and CC 7960 10311 14 prevent prevent VB 7960 10311 15 civil civil JJ 7960 10311 16 strife strife NN 7960 10311 17 between between IN 7960 10311 18 the the DT 7960 10311 19 nobles noble NNS 7960 10311 20 . . . 7960 10312 1 The the DT 7960 10312 2 Tudors Tudors NNPS 7960 10312 3 met meet VBD 7960 10312 4 that that IN 7960 10312 5 demand demand NN 7960 10312 6 and and CC 7960 10312 7 ruled rule VBD 7960 10312 8 as as IN 7960 10312 9 absolute absolute JJ 7960 10312 10 sovereigns sovereign NNS 7960 10312 11 . . . 7960 10313 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 10313 2 was be VBD 7960 10313 3 more more JJR 7960 10313 4 than than IN 7960 10313 5 a a DT 7960 10313 6 century century NN 7960 10313 7 before before IN 7960 10313 8 Parliament Parliament NNP 7960 10313 9 , , , 7960 10313 10 representing represent VBG 7960 10313 11 the the DT 7960 10313 12 people people NNS 7960 10313 13 , , , 7960 10313 14 could could MD 7960 10313 15 begin begin VB 7960 10313 16 to to TO 7960 10313 17 win win VB 7960 10313 18 back back RP 7960 10313 19 free free JJ 7960 10313 20 government government NN 7960 10313 21 . . . 7960 10314 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 10314 2 did do VBD 7960 10314 3 this this DT 7960 10314 4 only only RB 7960 10314 5 at at IN 7960 10314 6 the the DT 7960 10314 7 cost cost NN 7960 10314 8 of of IN 7960 10314 9 a a DT 7960 10314 10 revolution revolution NN 7960 10314 11 . . . 7960 10315 1 FRANCE FRANCE NNP 7960 10315 2 AFTER after IN 7960 10315 3 THE the DT 7960 10315 4 HUNDRED HUNDRED NNP 7960 10315 5 YEARS year NNS 7960 10315 6 ' ' POS 7960 10315 7 WAR WAR NNP 7960 10315 8 France France NNP 7960 10315 9 also also RB 7960 10315 10 issued issue VBD 7960 10315 11 from from IN 7960 10315 12 the the DT 7960 10315 13 Hundred Hundred NNP 7960 10315 14 Years Years NNPS 7960 10315 15 ' ' POS 7960 10315 16 War war NN 7960 10315 17 with with IN 7960 10315 18 an an DT 7960 10315 19 absolute absolute JJ 7960 10315 20 government government NN 7960 10315 21 . . . 7960 10316 1 Strengthened strengthen VBN 7960 10316 2 by by IN 7960 10316 3 victory victory NN 7960 10316 4 over over IN 7960 10316 5 the the DT 7960 10316 6 English English NNP 7960 10316 7 , , , 7960 10316 8 the the DT 7960 10316 9 French french JJ 7960 10316 10 kings king NNS 7960 10316 11 were be VBD 7960 10316 12 able able JJ 7960 10316 13 to to TO 7960 10316 14 reduce reduce VB 7960 10316 15 both both CC 7960 10316 16 the the DT 7960 10316 17 nobility nobility NN 7960 10316 18 and and CC 7960 10316 19 the the DT 7960 10316 20 commons common NNS 7960 10316 21 to to TO 7960 10316 22 impotence impotence VB 7960 10316 23 . . . 7960 10317 1 During during IN 7960 10317 2 the the DT 7960 10317 3 reign reign NN 7960 10317 4 of of IN 7960 10317 5 Louis Louis NNP 7960 10317 6 XI XI NNP 7960 10317 7 ( ( -LRB- 7960 10317 8 1461 1461 CD 7960 10317 9 - - SYM 7960 10317 10 1483 1483 CD 7960 10317 11 A.D. 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7960 10322 9 peninsula peninsula NN 7960 10322 10 to to IN 7960 10322 11 Africa Africa NNP 7960 10322 12 has have VBZ 7960 10322 13 always always RB 7960 10322 14 brought bring VBN 7960 10322 15 it -PRON- PRP 7960 10322 16 into into IN 7960 10322 17 intimate intimate JJ 7960 10322 18 relations relation NNS 7960 10322 19 with with IN 7960 10322 20 that that DT 7960 10322 21 continent continent NN 7960 10322 22 . . . 7960 10323 1 Just just RB 7960 10323 2 as as IN 7960 10323 3 Russia Russia NNP 7960 10323 4 has have VBZ 7960 10323 5 formed form VBN 7960 10323 6 a a DT 7960 10323 7 link link NN 7960 10323 8 between between IN 7960 10323 9 Asia Asia NNP 7960 10323 10 and and CC 7960 10323 11 Europe Europe NNP 7960 10323 12 , , , 7960 10323 13 so so RB 7960 10323 14 Spain Spain NNP 7960 10323 15 has have VBZ 7960 10323 16 served serve VBN 7960 10323 17 as as IN 7960 10323 18 a a DT 7960 10323 19 natural natural JJ 7960 10323 20 highway highway NN 7960 10323 21 from from IN 7960 10323 22 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who who WP 7960 10326 8 overran overrun VBD 7960 10326 9 a a DT 7960 10326 10 large large JJ 7960 10326 11 part part NN 7960 10326 12 of of IN 7960 10326 13 the the DT 7960 10326 14 peninsula peninsula NN 7960 10326 15 and and CC 7960 10326 16 appear appear VBP 7960 10326 17 to to TO 7960 10326 18 have have VB 7960 10326 19 mingled mingle VBN 7960 10326 20 with with IN 7960 10326 21 the the DT 7960 10326 22 Iberians Iberians NNPS 7960 10326 23 , , , 7960 10326 24 thus thus RB 7960 10326 25 forming form VBG 7960 10326 26 the the DT 7960 10326 27 mixed mixed JJ 7960 10326 28 people people NNS 7960 10326 29 known know VBN 7960 10326 30 as as IN 7960 10326 31 Celtiberians Celtiberians NNPS 7960 10326 32 . . . 7960 10327 1 In in IN 7960 10327 2 historic historic JJ 7960 10327 3 times time NNS 7960 10327 4 Spain Spain NNP 7960 10327 5 was be VBD 7960 10327 6 conquered conquer VBN 7960 10327 7 by by IN 7960 10327 8 the the DT 7960 10327 9 Carthaginians Carthaginians NNPS 7960 10327 10 , , , 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10327 47 Arabian arabian JJ 7960 10327 48 culture culture NN 7960 10327 49 and and CC 7960 10327 50 the the DT 7960 10327 51 faith faith NN 7960 10327 52 of of IN 7960 10327 53 Islam Islam NNP 7960 10327 54 . . . 7960 10328 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10328 2 27 27 CD 7960 10328 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10328 4 These these DT 7960 10328 5 invaders invader NNS 7960 10328 6 were be VBD 7960 10328 7 not not RB 7960 10328 8 numerous numerous JJ 7960 10328 9 enough enough RB 7960 10328 10 greatly greatly RB 7960 10328 11 to to TO 7960 10328 12 affect affect VB 7960 10328 13 the the DT 7960 10328 14 population population NN 7960 10328 15 , , , 7960 10328 16 in in IN 7960 10328 17 which which WDT 7960 10328 18 the the DT 7960 10328 19 Celtiberian celtiberian JJ 7960 10328 20 strain strain NN 7960 10328 21 is be VBZ 7960 10328 22 still still RB 7960 10328 23 predominant predominant JJ 7960 10328 24 . . . 7960 10329 1 CHRISTIAN CHRISTIAN NNP 7960 10329 2 STATES state NNS 7960 10329 3 OF of IN 7960 10329 4 SPAIN 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10330 20 into into IN 7960 10330 21 being being NN 7960 10330 22 . . . 7960 10331 1 In in IN 7960 10331 2 the the DT 7960 10331 3 west west NN 7960 10331 4 there there RB 7960 10331 5 also also RB 7960 10331 6 arose arise VBD 7960 10331 7 the the DT 7960 10331 8 Christian christian JJ 7960 10331 9 state state NN 7960 10331 10 of of IN 7960 10331 11 Portugal Portugal NNP 7960 10331 12 . . . 7960 10332 1 Geographically geographically RB 7960 10332 2 , , , 7960 10332 3 Portugal Portugal NNP 7960 10332 4 belongs belong VBZ 7960 10332 5 to to IN 7960 10332 6 Spain Spain NNP 7960 10332 7 , , , 7960 10332 8 from from IN 7960 10332 9 which which WDT 7960 10332 10 it -PRON- PRP 7960 10332 11 is be VBZ 7960 10332 12 separated separate VBN 7960 10332 13 only only RB 7960 10332 14 by by IN 7960 10332 15 artificial artificial JJ 7960 10332 16 frontiers frontier NNS 7960 10332 17 , , , 7960 10332 18 but but CC 7960 10332 19 the the DT 7960 10332 20 country country NN 7960 10332 21 has have VBZ 7960 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the the DT 7960 10336 11 Spanish Spanish NNP 7960 10336 12 a a DT 7960 10336 13 patriotic patriotic JJ 7960 10336 14 people people NNS 7960 10336 15 , , , 7960 10336 16 keenly keenly RB 7960 10336 17 conscious conscious JJ 7960 10336 18 of of IN 7960 10336 19 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10336 20 national national JJ 7960 10336 21 unity unity NN 7960 10336 22 . . . 7960 10337 1 The the DT 7960 10337 2 achievements achievement NNS 7960 10337 3 of of IN 7960 10337 4 Christian christian JJ 7960 10337 5 warriors warrior NNS 7960 10337 6 were be VBD 7960 10337 7 recited recite VBN 7960 10337 8 in in IN 7960 10337 9 countless countless JJ 7960 10337 10 ballads ballad NNS 7960 10337 11 , , , 7960 10337 12 and and CC 7960 10337 13 especially especially RB 7960 10337 14 in in IN 7960 10337 15 the the DT 7960 10337 16 fine fine JJ 7960 10337 17 _ _ NNP 7960 10337 18 Poem Poem NNP 7960 10337 19 of of IN 7960 10337 20 the the DT 7960 10337 21 Cid Cid NNP 7960 10337 22 _ _ NNP 7960 10337 23 . . . 7960 10338 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 10338 2 deals deal VBZ 7960 10338 3 with with IN 7960 10338 4 the the DT 7960 10338 5 exploits exploit NNS 7960 10338 6 of of IN 7960 10338 7 Rodrigo Rodrigo NNP 7960 10338 8 Diaz Diaz NNP 7960 10338 9 , , , 7960 10338 10 better well RBR 7960 10338 11 known know VBN 7960 10338 12 by by IN 7960 10338 13 the the DT 7960 10338 14 title title NN 7960 10338 15 of of IN 7960 10338 16 the the DT 7960 10338 17 Cid Cid NNP 7960 10338 18 ( ( -LRB- 7960 10338 19 lord lord NNP 7960 10338 20 ) ) -RRB- 7960 10338 21 given give VBN 7960 10338 22 to to IN 7960 10338 23 him -PRON- PRP 7960 10338 24 by by IN 7960 10338 25 the the DT 7960 10338 26 Moors Moors NNPS 7960 10338 27 . . . 7960 10339 1 The the DT 7960 10339 2 Cid Cid NNP 7960 10339 3 of of IN 7960 10339 4 romance romance NNP 7960 10339 5 was be VBD 7960 10339 6 the the DT 7960 10339 7 embodiment embodiment NN 7960 10339 8 of of IN 7960 10339 9 every every DT 7960 10339 10 knightly knightly RB 7960 10339 11 virtue virtue NN 7960 10339 12 ; ; : 7960 10339 13 the the DT 7960 10339 14 real real JJ 7960 10339 15 Cid Cid NNP 7960 10339 16 was be VBD 7960 10339 17 a a DT 7960 10339 18 bandit bandit NN 7960 10339 19 , , , 7960 10339 20 who who WP 7960 10339 21 fought fight VBD 7960 10339 22 sometimes sometimes RB 7960 10339 23 for for IN 7960 10339 24 the the DT 7960 10339 25 Christians Christians NNPS 7960 10339 26 , , , 7960 10339 27 sometimes sometimes RB 7960 10339 28 against against IN 7960 10339 29 them -PRON- PRP 7960 10339 30 , , , 7960 10339 31 but but CC 7960 10339 32 always always RB 7960 10339 33 in in IN 7960 10339 34 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10339 35 own own JJ 7960 10339 36 interest interest NN 7960 10339 37 . . . 7960 10340 1 The the DT 7960 10340 2 Cid Cid NNP 7960 10340 3 's 's POS 7960 10340 4 evil evil JJ 7960 10340 5 deeds deed NNS 7960 10340 6 were be VBD 7960 10340 7 forgotten forget VBN 7960 10340 8 , , , 7960 10340 9 however however RB 7960 10340 10 , , , 7960 10340 11 and and CC 7960 10340 12 after after IN 7960 10340 13 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10340 14 death death NN 7960 10340 15 in in IN 7960 10340 16 1099 1099 CD 7960 10340 17 A.D. 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NNP 7960 10343 7 combined combine VBN 7960 10343 8 into into IN 7960 10343 9 the the DT 7960 10343 10 one one CD 7960 10343 11 kingdom kingdom NN 7960 10343 12 of of IN 7960 10343 13 Castile Castile NNP 7960 10343 14 , , , 7960 10343 15 so so RB 7960 10343 16 named name VBN 7960 10343 17 because because IN 7960 10343 18 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10343 19 frontiers frontier NNS 7960 10343 20 bristled bristle VBD 7960 10343 21 with with IN 7960 10343 22 castles castle NNS 7960 10343 23 against against IN 7960 10343 24 the the DT 7960 10343 25 Moors Moors NNP 7960 10343 26 . . . 7960 10344 1 But but CC 7960 10344 2 the the DT 7960 10344 3 most most RBS 7960 10344 4 important important JJ 7960 10344 5 step step NN 7960 10344 6 in in IN 7960 10344 7 the the DT 7960 10344 8 making making NN 7960 10344 9 of of IN 7960 10344 10 Spain Spain NNP 7960 10344 11 was be VBD 7960 10344 12 the the DT 7960 10344 13 marriage marriage NN 7960 10344 14 of of IN 7960 10344 15 Ferdinand Ferdinand NNP 7960 10344 16 of of IN 7960 10344 17 Aragon Aragon NNP 7960 10344 18 to to IN 7960 10344 19 Isabella Isabella NNP 7960 10344 20 of of IN 7960 10344 21 Castile Castile NNP 7960 10344 22 , , , 7960 10344 23 leading lead VBG 7960 10344 24 in in IN 7960 10344 25 1479 1479 CD 7960 10344 26 A.D. 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A.D. NNP 7960 10360 11 RISE RISE NNS 7960 10360 12 OF of IN 7960 10360 13 AUSTRIA austria NN 7960 10360 14 The the DT 7960 10360 15 name name NN 7960 10360 16 Austria Austria NNP 7960 10360 17 -- -- : 7960 10360 18 in in IN 7960 10360 19 German German NNP 7960 10360 20 Oesterreich Oesterreich NNP 7960 10360 21 -- -- : 7960 10360 22 means mean VBZ 7960 10360 23 simply simply RB 7960 10360 24 the the DT 7960 10360 25 eastern eastern JJ 7960 10360 26 part part NN 7960 10360 27 of of IN 7960 10360 28 any any DT 7960 10360 29 kingdom kingdom NN 7960 10360 30 . . . 7960 10361 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 10361 2 came come VBD 7960 10361 3 to to TO 7960 10361 4 be be VB 7960 10361 5 applied apply VBN 7960 10361 6 particularly particularly RB 7960 10361 7 to to IN 7960 10361 8 the the DT 7960 10361 9 territory territory NN 7960 10361 10 on on IN 7960 10361 11 the the DT 7960 10361 12 Danube Danube NNP 7960 10361 13 east east NN 7960 10361 14 of of IN 7960 10361 15 Bavaria Bavaria NNP 7960 10361 16 , , , 7960 10361 17 which which WDT 7960 10361 18 Otto Otto NNP 7960 10361 19 the the DT 7960 10361 20 Great Great NNP 7960 10361 21 had have VBD 7960 10361 22 formed form VBN 7960 10361 23 into into IN 7960 10361 24 a a DT 7960 10361 25 mark mark NN 7960 10361 26 or or CC 7960 10361 27 border border NN 7960 10361 28 province province NN 7960 10361 29 for for IN 7960 10361 30 defense defense NN 7960 10361 31 against against IN 7960 10361 32 the the DT 7960 10361 33 Magyars Magyars NNPS 7960 10361 34 . . . 7960 10362 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10362 2 28 28 CD 7960 10362 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10362 4 This this DT 7960 10362 5 mark mark NN 7960 10362 6 , , , 7960 10362 7 soon soon RB 7960 10362 8 to to TO 7960 10362 9 be be VB 7960 10362 10 known know VBN 7960 10362 11 as as IN 7960 10362 12 Austria Austria NNP 7960 10362 13 , , , 7960 10362 14 gained gain VBD 7960 10362 15 an an DT 7960 10362 16 important important JJ 7960 10362 17 place place NN 7960 10362 18 among among IN 7960 10362 19 German german JJ 7960 10362 20 states state NNS 7960 10362 21 . . . 7960 10363 1 The the DT 7960 10363 2 frontiers frontier NNS 7960 10363 3 were be VBD 7960 10363 4 pushed push VBN 7960 10363 5 down down IN 7960 10363 6 the the DT 7960 10363 7 Danube Danube NNP 7960 10363 8 valley valley NN 7960 10363 9 and and CC 7960 10363 10 the the DT 7960 10363 11 capital capital NN 7960 10363 12 was be VBD 7960 10363 13 finally finally RB 7960 10363 14 located locate VBN 7960 10363 15 at at IN 7960 10363 16 Vienna Vienna NNP 7960 10363 17 , , , 7960 10363 18 once once RB 7960 10363 19 a a DT 7960 10363 20 Roman roman JJ 7960 10363 21 city city NN 7960 10363 22 . . . 7960 10364 1 Frederick Frederick NNP 7960 10364 2 Barbarossa Barbarossa NNP 7960 10364 3 raised raise VBD 7960 10364 4 Austria Austria NNP 7960 10364 5 to to IN 7960 10364 6 the the DT 7960 10364 7 rank rank NN 7960 10364 8 of of IN 7960 10364 9 a a DT 7960 10364 10 duchy duchy NN 7960 10364 11 . . . 7960 10365 1 Rudolf Rudolf NNP 7960 10365 2 of of IN 7960 10365 3 Hapsburg Hapsburg NNP 7960 10365 4 , , , 7960 10365 5 who who WP 7960 10365 6 became become VBD 7960 10365 7 emperor emperor NN 7960 10365 8 in in IN 7960 10365 9 1273 1273 CD 7960 10365 10 A.D. 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NNP 7960 10365 11 , , , 7960 10365 12 first first RB 7960 10365 13 brought bring VBD 7960 10365 14 the the DT 7960 10365 15 country country NN 7960 10365 16 into into IN 7960 10365 17 the the DT 7960 10365 18 hands hand NNS 7960 10365 19 of of IN 7960 10365 20 the the DT 7960 10365 21 Hapsburg Hapsburg NNP 7960 10365 22 family family NN 7960 10365 23 . . . 7960 10366 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10366 2 29 29 CD 7960 10366 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10366 4 GROWTH GROWTH NNS 7960 10366 5 OF of IN 7960 10366 6 AUSTRIA austria NN 7960 10366 7 UNDER under IN 7960 10366 8 THE the DT 7960 10366 9 HAPSBURGS HAPSBURGS NNP 7960 10366 10 The the DT 7960 10366 11 Hapsburgs Hapsburgs NNPS 7960 10366 12 founded found VBD 7960 10366 13 the the DT 7960 10366 14 power power NN 7960 10366 15 of of IN 7960 10366 16 the the DT 7960 10366 17 present present JJ 7960 10366 18 Austrian austrian JJ 7960 10366 19 monarchy monarchy NN 7960 10366 20 . . . 7960 10367 1 At at IN 7960 10367 2 the the DT 7960 10367 3 end end NN 7960 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10368 9 , , , 7960 10368 10 a a DT 7960 10368 11 Slavic slavic JJ 7960 10368 12 land land NN 7960 10368 13 thrust thrust VBD 7960 10368 14 like like IN 7960 10368 15 a a DT 7960 10368 16 wedge wedge NN 7960 10368 17 into into IN 7960 10368 18 German german JJ 7960 10368 19 territory territory NN 7960 10368 20 , , , 7960 10368 21 as as RB 7960 10368 22 well well RB 7960 10368 23 as as IN 7960 10368 24 part part NN 7960 10368 25 of of IN 7960 10368 26 the the DT 7960 10368 27 Magyar Magyar NNP 7960 10368 28 land land NN 7960 10368 29 of of IN 7960 10368 30 Hungary Hungary NNP 7960 10368 31 . . . 7960 10369 1 The the DT 7960 10369 2 possession possession NN 7960 10369 3 of of IN 7960 10369 4 these these DT 7960 10369 5 two two CD 7960 10369 6 kingdoms kingdom NNS 7960 10369 7 gave give VBD 7960 10369 8 Austria Austria NNP 7960 10369 9 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10369 10 special special JJ 7960 10369 11 character character NN 7960 10369 12 of of IN 7960 10369 13 a a DT 7960 10369 14 state state NN 7960 10369 15 formed form VBN 7960 10369 16 by by IN 7960 10369 17 the the DT 7960 10369 18 union union NN 7960 10369 19 under under IN 7960 10369 20 one one CD 7960 10369 21 ruler ruler NN 7960 10369 22 of of IN 7960 10369 23 several several JJ 7960 10369 24 wholly wholly RB 7960 10369 25 distinct distinct JJ 7960 10369 26 nations nation NNS 7960 10369 27 . . . 7960 10370 1 Meanwhile meanwhile RB 7960 10370 2 the the DT 7960 10370 3 right right NN 7960 10370 4 of of IN 7960 10370 5 election election NN 7960 10370 6 as as IN 7960 10370 7 Holy Holy NNP 7960 10370 8 Roman Roman NNP 7960 10370 9 Emperor Emperor NNP 7960 10370 10 became become VBD 7960 10370 11 hereditary hereditary JJ 7960 10370 12 in in IN 7960 10370 13 the the DT 7960 10370 14 Hapsburg Hapsburg NNP 7960 10370 15 family family NN 7960 10370 16 . . . 7960 10371 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10371 2 Illustration illustration NN 7960 10371 3 : : : 7960 10371 4 Map Map NNP 7960 10371 5 , , , 7960 10371 6 GROWTH GROWTH NNP 7960 10371 7 OF of IN 7960 10371 8 THE the DT 7960 10371 9 HAPSBURG HAPSBURG NNP 7960 10371 10 POSSESSIONS POSSESSIONS NNP 7960 10371 11 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10371 12 SWITZERLAND SWITZERLAND NNP 7960 10371 13 Switzerland Switzerland NNP 7960 10371 14 , , , 7960 10371 15 during during IN 7960 10371 16 the the DT 7960 10371 17 earlier early JJR 7960 10371 18 period period NN 7960 10371 19 of of IN 7960 10371 20 the the DT 7960 10371 21 Middle Middle NNP 7960 10371 22 Ages Ages NNP 7960 10371 23 , , , 7960 10371 24 formed form VBD 7960 10371 25 a a DT 7960 10371 26 part part NN 7960 10371 27 of of IN 7960 10371 28 the the DT 7960 10371 29 German german JJ 7960 10371 30 duchy duchy NN 7960 10371 31 of of IN 7960 10371 32 Swabia Swabia NNP 7960 10371 33 and and CC 7960 10371 34 belonged belong VBD 7960 10371 35 to to IN 7960 10371 36 the the DT 7960 10371 37 Holy Holy NNP 7960 10371 38 Roman Roman NNP 7960 10371 39 Empire Empire NNP 7960 10371 40 . . . 7960 10372 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10372 2 31 31 CD 7960 10372 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10372 4 About about RB 7960 10372 5 two two CD 7960 10372 6 - - HYPH 7960 10372 7 thirds third NNS 7960 10372 8 of of IN 7960 10372 9 the the DT 7960 10372 10 population population NN 7960 10372 11 of of IN 7960 10372 12 Switzerland Switzerland NNP 7960 10372 13 remain remain VBP 7960 10372 14 German german JJ 7960 10372 15 in in IN 7960 10372 16 speech speech NN 7960 10372 17 and and CC 7960 10372 18 feeling feeling NN 7960 10372 19 , , , 7960 10372 20 though though IN 7960 10372 21 now now RB 7960 10372 22 the the DT 7960 10372 23 country country NN 7960 10372 24 includes include VBZ 7960 10372 25 districts district NNS 7960 10372 26 in in IN 7960 10372 27 which which WDT 7960 10372 28 French french JJ 7960 10372 29 or or CC 7960 10372 30 Italian Italian NNP 7960 10372 31 are be VBP 7960 10372 32 spoken speak VBN 7960 10372 33 . . . 7960 10373 1 All all DT 7960 10373 2 Swiss swiss JJ 7960 10373 3 laws law NNS 7960 10373 4 are be VBP 7960 10373 5 still still RB 7960 10373 6 proclaimed proclaim VBN 7960 10373 7 in in IN 7960 10373 8 the the DT 7960 10373 9 three three CD 7960 10373 10 languages language NNS 7960 10373 11 . . . 7960 10374 1 SWITZERLAND SWITZERLAND NNP 7960 10374 2 AND and CC 7960 10374 3 AUSTRIA austria JJ 7960 10374 4 Swiss swiss JJ 7960 10374 5 history history NN 7960 10374 6 is be VBZ 7960 10374 7 closely closely RB 7960 10374 8 bound bind VBN 7960 10374 9 up up RP 7960 10374 10 with with IN 7960 10374 11 that that DT 7960 10374 12 of of IN 7960 10374 13 Austria Austria NNP 7960 10374 14 . . . 7960 10375 1 The the DT 7960 10375 2 little little JJ 7960 10375 3 mountain mountain NN 7960 10375 4 communities community NNS 7960 10375 5 of of IN 7960 10375 6 Schwyz Schwyz NNP 7960 10375 7 , , , 7960 10375 8 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10375 9 32 32 CD 7960 10375 10 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10375 11 Uri Uri NNP 7960 10375 12 , , , 7960 10375 13 and and CC 7960 10375 14 Unterwalden Unterwalden NNP 7960 10375 15 , , , 7960 10375 16 on on IN 7960 10375 17 the 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A.D. NNP 7960 10376 4 , , , 7960 10376 5 the the DT 7960 10376 6 year year NN 7960 10376 7 when when WRB 7960 10376 8 Rudolf Rudolf NNP 7960 10376 9 of of IN 7960 10376 10 Hapsburg Hapsburg NNP 7960 10376 11 died die VBD 7960 10376 12 , , , 7960 10376 13 these these DT 7960 10376 14 three three CD 7960 10376 15 " " `` 7960 10376 16 Forest Forest NNP 7960 10376 17 Cantons Cantons NNP 7960 10376 18 " " '' 7960 10376 19 formed form VBD 7960 10376 20 a a DT 7960 10376 21 confederation confederation NN 7960 10376 22 for for IN 7960 10376 23 resistance resistance NN 7960 10376 24 to to IN 7960 10376 25 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10376 26 Hapsburg Hapsburg NNP 7960 10376 27 overlords overlord NNS 7960 10376 28 . . . 7960 10377 1 Additional additional JJ 7960 10377 2 cantons canton NNS 7960 10377 3 joined join VBD 7960 10377 4 the the DT 7960 10377 5 league league NN 7960 10377 6 , , , 7960 10377 7 which which WDT 7960 10377 8 now now RB 7960 10377 9 entered enter VBD 7960 10377 10 upon upon IN 7960 10377 11 a a DT 7960 10377 12 long long JJ 7960 10377 13 struggle struggle NN 7960 10377 14 , , , 7960 10377 15 dear dear JJ 7960 10377 16 to to IN 7960 10377 17 all all DT 7960 10377 18 lovers lover NNS 7960 10377 19 of of IN 7960 10377 20 liberty liberty NN 7960 10377 21 , , , 7960 10377 22 against against IN 7960 10377 23 Austrian austrian JJ 7960 10377 24 rule rule NN 7960 10377 25 . . . 7960 10378 1 Nowhere nowhere RB 7960 10378 2 did do VBD 7960 10378 3 the the DT 7960 10378 4 old old JJ 7960 10378 5 methods method NNS 7960 10378 6 of of IN 7960 10378 7 feudal feudal JJ 7960 10378 8 warfare warfare NN 7960 10378 9 break break VBP 7960 10378 10 down down RP 7960 10378 11 more more RBR 7960 10378 12 conspicuously conspicuously RB 7960 10378 13 than than IN 7960 10378 14 in in IN 7960 10378 15 the the DT 7960 10378 16 battles battle NNS 7960 10378 17 gained gain VBN 7960 10378 18 by by IN 7960 10378 19 Swiss swiss JJ 7960 10378 20 pikemen pikeman NNS 7960 10378 21 over over IN 7960 10378 22 the the DT 7960 10378 23 haughty haughty JJ 7960 10378 24 knights knight NNS 7960 10378 25 of of IN 7960 10378 26 Austria Austria NNP 7960 10378 27 . . . 7960 10379 1 The the DT 7960 10379 2 struggle struggle NN 7960 10379 3 closed close VBD 7960 10379 4 in in IN 7960 10379 5 1499 1499 CD 7960 10379 6 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 10379 7 , , , 7960 10379 8 when when WRB 7960 10379 9 Switzerland Switzerland NNP 7960 10379 10 became become VBD 7960 10379 11 practically practically RB 7960 10379 12 a a DT 7960 10379 13 free free JJ 7960 10379 14 state state NN 7960 10379 15 . . . 7960 10380 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10380 2 33 33 CD 7960 10380 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10380 4 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10380 5 Illustration illustration NN 7960 10380 6 : : : 7960 10380 7 Map Map NNP 7960 10380 8 , , , 7960 10380 9 THE the DT 7960 10380 10 SWISS SWISS NNP 7960 10380 11 CONFEDERATION CONFEDERATION NNP 7960 10380 12 , , , 7960 10380 13 1291 1291 CD 7960 10380 14 - - SYM 7960 10380 15 1513 1513 CD 7960 10380 16 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 10380 17 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10380 18 WILLIAM WILLIAM NNP 7960 10380 19 TELL TELL NNP 7960 10380 20 AND and CC 7960 10380 21 ARNOLD ARNOLD NNP 7960 10380 22 VON VON NNP 7960 10380 23 WINKELRIED WINKELRIED NNP 7960 10380 24 Switzerland Switzerland NNP 7960 10380 25 has have VBZ 7960 10380 26 two two CD 7960 10380 27 heroes hero NNS 7960 10380 28 of of IN 7960 10380 29 her -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10380 30 war war NN 7960 10380 31 for for IN 7960 10380 32 independence independence NN 7960 10380 33 . . . 7960 10381 1 William William NNP 7960 10381 2 Tell Tell NNP 7960 10381 3 is be VBZ 7960 10381 4 a a DT 7960 10381 5 wholly wholly RB 7960 10381 6 mythical mythical JJ 7960 10381 7 character character NN 7960 10381 8 , , , 7960 10381 9 for for IN 7960 10381 10 the the DT 7960 10381 11 story story NN 7960 10381 12 of of IN 7960 10381 13 a a DT 7960 10381 14 skillful skillful JJ 7960 10381 15 marksman marksman NN 7960 10381 16 who who WP 7960 10381 17 succeeds succeed VBZ 7960 10381 18 in in IN 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10383 6 better well JJR 7960 10383 7 claim claim NN 7960 10383 8 to to IN 7960 10383 9 historical historical JJ 7960 10383 10 existence existence NN 7960 10383 11 . . . 7960 10384 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 10384 2 is be VBZ 7960 10384 3 said say VBN 7960 10384 4 that that IN 7960 10384 5 at at IN 7960 10384 6 a a DT 7960 10384 7 critical critical JJ 7960 10384 8 moment moment NN 7960 10384 9 in in IN 7960 10384 10 the the DT 7960 10384 11 battle battle NN 7960 10384 12 of of IN 7960 10384 13 Sempach Sempach NNP 7960 10384 14 , , , 7960 10384 15 when when WRB 7960 10384 16 the the DT 7960 10384 17 Swiss Swiss NNP 7960 10384 18 with with IN 7960 10384 19 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10384 20 short short JJ 7960 10384 21 weapons weapon NNS 7960 10384 22 failed fail VBD 7960 10384 23 to to TO 7960 10384 24 break break VB 7960 10384 25 the the DT 7960 10384 26 Austrian austrian JJ 7960 10384 27 ranks rank NNS 7960 10384 28 , , , 7960 10384 29 Arnold Arnold NNP 7960 10384 30 von von NNP 7960 10384 31 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open VBD 7960 10386 4 a a DT 7960 10386 5 gap gap NN 7960 10386 6 in in IN 7960 10386 7 the the DT 7960 10386 8 line line NN 7960 10386 9 , , , 7960 10386 10 through through IN 7960 10386 11 which which WDT 7960 10386 12 the the DT 7960 10386 13 Swiss Swiss NNP 7960 10386 14 pressed press VBD 7960 10386 15 on on RP 7960 10386 16 to to IN 7960 10386 17 victory victory NN 7960 10386 18 . . . 7960 10387 1 Winkelried Winkelried NNP 7960 10387 2 's 's POS 7960 10387 3 deed deed NN 7960 10387 4 might may MD 7960 10387 5 well well RB 7960 10387 6 have have VB 7960 10387 7 been be VBN 7960 10387 8 performed perform VBN 7960 10387 9 , , , 7960 10387 10 though though IN 7960 10387 11 the the DT 7960 10387 12 evidence evidence NN 7960 10387 13 for for IN 7960 10387 14 it -PRON- PRP 7960 10387 15 is be VBZ 7960 10387 16 very very RB 7960 10387 17 scanty scanty NN 7960 10387 18 . . . 7960 10388 1 THE the DT 7960 10388 2 SWISS SWISS NNP 7960 10388 3 CONFEDERATION CONFEDERATION NNP 7960 10388 4 Little Little NNP 7960 10388 5 Switzerland Switzerland NNP 7960 10388 6 , , , 7960 10388 7 lying lie VBG 7960 10388 8 in in IN 7960 10388 9 the the DT 7960 10388 10 heart heart NN 7960 10388 11 of of IN 7960 10388 12 the the DT 7960 10388 13 Alps Alps NNPS 7960 10388 14 and and CC 7960 10388 15 surrounded surround VBN 7960 10388 16 by by IN 7960 10388 17 powerful powerful JJ 7960 10388 18 neighbors neighbor NNS 7960 10388 19 , , , 7960 10388 20 is be VBZ 7960 10388 21 one one CD 7960 10388 22 of of IN 7960 10388 23 the the DT 7960 10388 24 most most RBS 7960 10388 25 interesting interesting JJ 7960 10388 26 states state NNS 7960 10388 27 in in IN 7960 10388 28 Europe Europe NNP 7960 10388 29 . . . 7960 10389 1 The the DT 7960 10389 2 twenty twenty CD 7960 10389 3 - - HYPH 7960 10389 4 two two CD 7960 10389 5 communities community NNS 7960 10389 6 , , , 7960 10389 7 or or CC 7960 10389 8 cantons canton NNS 7960 10389 9 , , , 7960 10389 10 which which WDT 7960 10389 11 make make VBP 7960 10389 12 up up RP 7960 10389 13 the the DT 7960 10389 14 Swiss Swiss NNP 7960 10389 15 Confederation Confederation NNP 7960 10389 16 , , , 7960 10389 17 differ differ VBP 7960 10389 18 among among IN 7960 10389 19 themselves -PRON- PRP 7960 10389 20 in in IN 7960 10389 21 language language NN 7960 10389 22 , , , 7960 10389 23 religion religion NN 7960 10389 24 ( ( -LRB- 7960 10389 25 Roman roman JJ 7960 10389 26 Catholic Catholic NNP 7960 10389 27 or or CC 7960 10389 28 Protestant Protestant NNP 7960 10389 29 ) ) -RRB- 7960 10389 30 , , , 7960 10389 31 and and CC 7960 10389 32 customs custom NNS 7960 10389 33 , , , 7960 10389 34 according accord VBG 7960 10389 35 to to IN 7960 10389 36 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10389 37 nearness nearness NN 7960 10389 38 to to IN 7960 10389 39 Germany Germany NNP 7960 10389 40 , , , 7960 10389 41 France France NNP 7960 10389 42 , , , 7960 10389 43 or or CC 7960 10389 44 Italy Italy NNP 7960 10389 45 . . . 7960 10390 1 Nevertheless nevertheless RB 7960 10390 2 the the DT 7960 10390 3 Swiss swiss JJ 7960 10390 4 form form NN 7960 10390 5 a a DT 7960 10390 6 patriotic patriotic JJ 7960 10390 7 and and CC 7960 10390 8 united united JJ 7960 10390 9 nation nation NN 7960 10390 10 . . . 7960 10391 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 10391 2 is be VBZ 7960 10391 3 remarkable remarkable JJ 7960 10391 4 that that IN 7960 10391 5 a a DT 7960 10391 6 people people NNS 7960 10391 7 whose whose WP$ 7960 10391 8 chief chief JJ 7960 10391 9 bond bond NN 7960 10391 10 of of IN 7960 10391 11 union union NN 7960 10391 12 was be VBD 7960 10391 13 common common JJ 7960 10391 14 hostility hostility NN 7960 10391 15 to to IN 7960 10391 16 the the DT 7960 10391 17 Austrian Austrian NNP 7960 10391 18 Hapsburgs Hapsburgs NNP 7960 10391 19 , , , 7960 10391 20 should should MD 7960 10391 21 have have VB 7960 10391 22 established establish VBN 7960 10391 23 a a DT 7960 10391 24 federal federal JJ 7960 10391 25 government government NN 7960 10391 26 so so RB 7960 10391 27 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road road NN 7960 10394 10 to to IN 7960 10394 11 the the DT 7960 10394 12 southeast southeast NN 7960 10394 13 , , , 7960 10394 14 a a DT 7960 10394 15 road road NN 7960 10394 16 which which WDT 7960 10394 17 the the DT 7960 10394 18 early early JJ 7960 10394 19 rulers ruler NNS 7960 10394 20 of of IN 7960 10394 21 Austria Austria NNP 7960 10394 22 followed follow VBD 7960 10394 23 as as RB 7960 10394 24 far far RB 7960 10394 25 as as IN 7960 10394 26 Vienna Vienna NNP 7960 10394 27 and and CC 7960 10394 28 the the DT 7960 10394 29 Hungarian hungarian JJ 7960 10394 30 frontier frontier NN 7960 10394 31 . . . 7960 10395 1 Eastward eastward RB 7960 10395 2 along along IN 7960 10395 3 the the DT 7960 10395 4 Baltic Baltic NNP 7960 10395 5 no no DT 7960 10395 6 break break NN 7960 10395 7 occurs occur VBZ 7960 10395 8 in in IN 7960 10395 9 the the DT 7960 10395 10 great great JJ 7960 10395 11 plain plain JJ 7960 10395 12 stretching stretch VBG 7960 10395 13 from from IN 7960 10395 14 the the DT 7960 10395 15 North North NNP 7960 10395 16 Sea Sea NNP 7960 10395 17 to to IN 7960 10395 18 the the DT 7960 10395 19 Ural Ural NNP 7960 10395 20 Mountains Mountains NNPS 7960 10395 21 . . . 7960 10396 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 10396 2 was be VBD 7960 10396 3 in in IN 7960 10396 4 this this DT 7960 10396 5 direction direction NN 7960 10396 6 that that IN 7960 10396 7 German german JJ 7960 10396 8 conquests conquest NNS 7960 10396 9 and and CC 7960 10396 10 colonization colonization NN 7960 10396 11 during during IN 7960 10396 12 the the DT 7960 10396 13 Middle Middle NNP 7960 10396 14 Ages Ages NNPS 7960 10396 15 laid lay VBD 7960 10396 16 the the DT 7960 10396 17 foundation foundation NN 7960 10396 18 of of IN 7960 10396 19 modern modern JJ 7960 10396 20 Prussia Prussia NNP 7960 10396 21 . . . 7960 10397 1 THE the DT 7960 10397 2 GERMAN GERMAN NNP 7960 10397 3 AND and CC 7960 10397 4 THE the DT 7960 10397 5 SLAV slav NN 7960 10397 6 The the DT 7960 10397 7 Germans Germans NNPS 7960 10397 8 , , , 7960 10397 9 in in IN 7960 10397 10 descending descend VBG 7960 10397 11 upon upon IN 7960 10397 12 the the DT 7960 10397 13 Roman Roman NNP 7960 10397 14 Empire Empire NNP 7960 10397 15 , , , 7960 10397 16 had have VBD 7960 10397 17 abandoned abandon VBN 7960 10397 18 much much JJ 7960 10397 19 of of IN 7960 10397 20 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10397 21 former former JJ 7960 10397 22 territories territory NNS 7960 10397 23 to to IN 7960 10397 24 the the DT 7960 10397 25 Slavs Slavs NNP 7960 10397 26 . . . 7960 10398 1 In in IN 7960 10398 2 the the DT 7960 10398 3 reign reign NN 7960 10398 4 of of IN 7960 10398 5 Charlemagne Charlemagne NNP 7960 10398 6 all all PDT 7960 10398 7 the the DT 7960 10398 8 region region NN 7960 10398 9 between between IN 7960 10398 10 the the DT 7960 10398 11 Elbe Elbe NNP 7960 10398 12 and and CC 7960 10398 13 the the DT 7960 10398 14 Vistula Vistula NNP 7960 10398 15 belonged belong VBD 7960 10398 16 to to IN 7960 10398 17 Slavic slavic JJ 7960 10398 18 tribes tribe NNS 7960 10398 19 . . . 7960 10399 1 To to TO 7960 10399 2 win win VB 7960 10399 3 it -PRON- PRP 7960 10399 4 back back RB 7960 10399 5 for for IN 7960 10399 6 Germany Germany NNP 7960 10399 7 required require VBD 7960 10399 8 several several JJ 7960 10399 9 centuries century NNS 7960 10399 10 of of IN 7960 10399 11 hard hard JJ 7960 10399 12 fighting fighting NN 7960 10399 13 . . . 7960 10400 1 The the DT 7960 10400 2 Slavs Slavs NNP 7960 10400 3 were be VBD 7960 10400 4 heathen heathen NNP 7960 10400 5 and and CC 7960 10400 6 barbarous barbarous JJ 7960 10400 7 , , , 7960 10400 8 so so IN 7960 10400 9 that that DT 7960 10400 10 warfare warfare NN 7960 10400 11 with with IN 7960 10400 12 them -PRON- PRP 7960 10400 13 seemed seem VBD 7960 10400 14 to to TO 7960 10400 15 be be VB 7960 10400 16 a a DT 7960 10400 17 kind kind NN 7960 10400 18 of of IN 7960 10400 19 crusade crusade NN 7960 10400 20 . . . 7960 10401 1 In in IN 7960 10401 2 the the DT 7960 10401 3 main main JJ 7960 10401 4 , , , 7960 10401 5 however however RB 7960 10401 6 , , , 7960 10401 7 German german JJ 7960 10401 8 expansion expansion NN 7960 10401 9 eastward eastward RB 7960 10401 10 was be VBD 7960 10401 11 a a DT 7960 10401 12 business business NN 7960 10401 13 venture venture NN 7960 10401 14 , , , 7960 10401 15 due due IN 7960 10401 16 to to IN 7960 10401 17 the the DT 7960 10401 18 need need NN 7960 10401 19 for for IN 7960 10401 20 free free JJ 7960 10401 21 land land NN 7960 10401 22 . . . 7960 10402 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 10402 2 was be VBD 7960 10402 3 the the DT 7960 10402 4 same same JJ 7960 10402 5 need need NN 7960 10402 6 which which WDT 7960 10402 7 in in IN 7960 10402 8 the the DT 7960 10402 9 nineteenth nineteenth JJ 7960 10402 10 century century NN 7960 10402 11 carried carry VBD 7960 10402 12 the the DT 7960 10402 13 frontiers frontier NNS 7960 10402 14 of of IN 7960 10402 15 the the DT 7960 10402 16 United United NNP 7960 10402 17 States States NNP 7960 10402 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Subsequently subsequently RB 7960 10404 5 much much JJ 7960 10404 6 of of IN 7960 10404 7 the the DT 7960 10404 8 territory territory NN 7960 10404 9 between between IN 7960 10404 10 the the DT 7960 10404 11 Oder Oder NNP 7960 10404 12 and and CC 7960 10404 13 the the DT 7960 10404 14 Vistula Vistula NNP 7960 10404 15 , , , 7960 10404 16 including include VBG 7960 10404 17 Pomerania Pomerania NNP 7960 10404 18 on on IN 7960 10404 19 the the DT 7960 10404 20 southern southern JJ 7960 10404 21 coast coast NN 7960 10404 22 of of IN 7960 10404 23 the the DT 7960 10404 24 Baltic Baltic NNP 7960 10404 25 , , , 7960 10404 26 came come VBD 7960 10404 27 under under IN 7960 10404 28 German german JJ 7960 10404 29 control control NN 7960 10404 30 . . . 7960 10405 1 The the DT 7960 10405 2 Slavic slavic JJ 7960 10405 3 inhabitants inhabitant NNS 7960 10405 4 were be VBD 7960 10405 5 exterminated exterminate VBN 7960 10405 6 or or CC 7960 10405 7 reduced reduce VBN 7960 10405 8 to to IN 7960 10405 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10408 5 religion religion NN 7960 10408 6 have have VBP 7960 10408 7 disappeared disappear VBN 7960 10408 8 , , , 7960 10408 9 the the DT 7960 10408 10 Prussians Prussians NNPS 7960 10408 11 themselves -PRON- PRP 7960 10408 12 have have VBP 7960 10408 13 been be VBN 7960 10408 14 completely completely RB 7960 10408 15 absorbed absorb VBN 7960 10408 16 by by IN 7960 10408 17 the the DT 7960 10408 18 Germans Germans NNPS 7960 10408 19 who who WP 7960 10408 20 settled settle VBD 7960 10408 21 in in IN 7960 10408 22 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10408 23 country country NN 7960 10408 24 , , , 7960 10408 25 but but CC 7960 10408 26 the the DT 7960 10408 27 Prussian prussian JJ 7960 10408 28 name name NN 7960 10408 29 is be VBZ 7960 10408 30 borne bear VBN 7960 10408 31 to to IN 7960 10408 32 - - HYPH 7960 10408 33 day day NN 7960 10408 34 by by IN 7960 10408 35 one one CD 7960 10408 36 of of IN 7960 10408 37 the the DT 7960 10408 38 great great JJ 7960 10408 39 states state NNS 7960 10408 40 of of IN 7960 10408 41 modern modern JJ 7960 10408 42 Europe Europe NNP 7960 10408 43 . . . 7960 10409 1 THE the DT 7960 10409 2 TEUTONIC TEUTONIC NNP 7960 10409 3 ORDER order VBP 7960 10409 4 The the DT 7960 10409 5 conquest conquest NN 7960 10409 6 and and CC 7960 10409 7 conversion conversion NN 7960 10409 8 of of IN 7960 10409 9 the the DT 7960 10409 10 Prussians Prussians NNPS 7960 10409 11 was be VBD 7960 10409 12 accomplished accomplish VBN 7960 10409 13 by by IN 7960 10409 14 the the DT 7960 10409 15 famous famous JJ 7960 10409 16 order order NN 7960 10409 17 of of IN 7960 10409 18 Teutonic Teutonic NNP 7960 10409 19 Knights Knights NNPS 7960 10409 20 . . . 7960 10410 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 10410 2 had have VBD 7960 10410 3 been be VBN 7960 10410 4 founded found VBN 7960 10410 5 in in IN 7960 10410 6 Palestine Palestine NNP 7960 10410 7 as as IN 7960 10410 8 a a DT 7960 10410 9 military military JJ 7960 10410 10 - - HYPH 7960 10410 11 religious religious JJ 7960 10410 12 order order NN 7960 10410 13 , , , 7960 10410 14 at at IN 7960 10410 15 the the DT 7960 10410 16 time time NN 7960 10410 17 of of IN 7960 10410 18 the the DT 7960 10410 19 Third Third NNP 7960 10410 20 Crusade Crusade NNP 7960 10410 21 . . . 7960 10411 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10411 2 35 35 CD 7960 10411 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10411 4 The the DT 7960 10411 5 decline decline NN 7960 10411 6 of of IN 7960 10411 7 the the DT 7960 10411 8 crusading crusade VBG 7960 10411 9 movement movement NN 7960 10411 10 left leave VBD 7960 10411 11 the the DT 7960 10411 12 knights knight NNS 7960 10411 13 with with IN 7960 10411 14 no no DT 7960 10411 15 duties duty NNS 7960 10411 16 to to TO 7960 10411 17 perform perform VB 7960 10411 18 , , , 7960 10411 19 and and CC 7960 10411 20 so so RB 7960 10411 21 they -PRON- PRP 7960 10411 22 transferred transfer VBD 7960 10411 23 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10411 24 activities activity NNS 7960 10411 25 to to IN 7960 10411 26 the the DT 7960 10411 27 Prussian prussian JJ 7960 10411 28 frontier frontier NN 7960 10411 29 , , , 7960 10411 30 where where WRB 7960 10411 31 there there EX 7960 10411 32 was be VBD 7960 10411 33 still still RB 7960 10411 34 a a DT 7960 10411 35 chance chance NN 7960 10411 36 to to TO 7960 10411 37 engage engage VB 7960 10411 38 in in IN 7960 10411 39 a a DT 7960 10411 40 holy holy JJ 7960 10411 41 war war NN 7960 10411 42 . . . 7960 10412 1 Throughout throughout IN 7960 10412 2 the the DT 7960 10412 3 thirteenth thirteenth JJ 7960 10412 4 and and CC 7960 10412 5 fourteenth fourteenth JJ 7960 10412 6 centuries century NNS 7960 10412 7 the the DT 7960 10412 8 Teutonic Teutonic NNP 7960 10412 9 Order Order NNP 7960 10412 10 flourished flourish VBD 7960 10412 11 , , , 7960 10412 12 until until IN 7960 10412 13 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10412 14 grand grand JJ 7960 10412 15 master master NN 7960 10412 16 ruled rule VBD 7960 10412 17 over over IN 7960 10412 18 the the DT 7960 10412 19 entire entire JJ 7960 10412 20 Baltic baltic JJ 7960 10412 21 coast coast NN 7960 10412 22 from from IN 7960 10412 23 the the DT 7960 10412 24 Vistula Vistula NNP 7960 10412 25 to to IN 7960 10412 26 the the DT 7960 10412 27 gulf gulf NN 7960 10412 28 of of IN 7960 10412 29 Finland Finland NNP 7960 10412 30 . . . 7960 10413 1 The the DT 7960 10413 2 knights knight NNS 7960 10413 3 later later RB 7960 10413 4 had have VBD 7960 10413 5 to to TO 7960 10413 6 relinquish relinquish VB 7960 10413 7 much much JJ 7960 10413 8 of of IN 7960 10413 9 this this DT 7960 10413 10 region region NN 7960 10413 11 to to IN 7960 10413 12 the the DT 7960 10413 13 Slavs Slavs NNP 7960 10413 14 , , , 7960 10413 15 but but CC 7960 10413 16 they -PRON- PRP 7960 10413 17 sowed sow VBD 7960 10413 18 there there RB 7960 10413 19 the the DT 7960 10413 20 seeds seed NNS 7960 10413 21 of of IN 7960 10413 22 civilization civilization NN 7960 10413 23 . . . 7960 10414 1 Russia Russia NNP 7960 10414 2 's 's POS 7960 10414 3 Baltic baltic JJ 7960 10414 4 provinces province NNS 7960 10414 5 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10414 6 36 36 CD 7960 10414 7 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10414 8 are be VBP 7960 10414 9 to to IN 7960 10414 10 - - HYPH 7960 10414 11 day day NN 7960 10414 12 the the DT 7960 10414 13 richest rich JJS 7960 10414 14 and and CC 7960 10414 15 most most RBS 7960 10414 16 advanced advanced JJ 7960 10414 17 in in IN 7960 10414 18 the the DT 7960 10414 19 empire empire NN 7960 10414 20 . . . 7960 10415 1 POLITICAL POLITICAL NNP 7960 10415 2 GERMANY GERMANY NNP 7960 10415 3 Germany Germany NNP 7960 10415 4 at at IN 7960 10415 5 the the DT 7960 10415 6 close close NN 7960 10415 7 of of IN 7960 10415 8 the the DT 7960 10415 9 Middle Middle NNP 7960 10415 10 Ages Ages NNPS 7960 10415 11 was be VBD 7960 10415 12 not not RB 7960 10415 13 a a DT 7960 10415 14 united united JJ 7960 10415 15 , , , 7960 10415 16 intensely intensely RB 7960 10415 17 national national JJ 7960 10415 18 state state NN 7960 10415 19 , , , 7960 10415 20 such such JJ 7960 10415 21 as as IN 7960 10415 22 had have VBD 7960 10415 23 been be VBN 7960 10415 24 established establish VBN 7960 10415 25 in in IN 7960 10415 26 England England NNP 7960 10415 27 , , , 7960 10415 28 France France NNP 7960 10415 29 , , , 7960 10415 30 and and CC 7960 10415 31 Spain Spain NNP 7960 10415 32 . . . 7960 10416 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 10416 2 had have VBD 7960 10416 3 split split VBN 7960 10416 4 into into IN 7960 10416 5 hundreds hundred NNS 7960 10416 6 of of IN 7960 10416 7 principalities principality NNS 7960 10416 8 , , , 7960 10416 9 none none NN 7960 10416 10 large large JJ 7960 10416 11 , , , 7960 10416 12 some some DT 7960 10416 13 extremely extremely RB 7960 10416 14 small small JJ 7960 10416 15 , , , 7960 10416 16 and and CC 7960 10416 17 all all DT 7960 10416 18 practically practically RB 7960 10416 19 independent independent JJ 7960 10416 20 of of IN 7960 10416 21 the the DT 7960 10416 22 feeble feeble JJ 7960 10416 23 German german JJ 7960 10416 24 kings king NNS 7960 10416 25 . . . 7960 10417 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10417 2 37 37 CD 7960 10417 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10417 4 This this DT 7960 10417 5 weakness weakness NN 7960 10417 6 of of IN 7960 10417 7 the the DT 7960 10417 8 central central JJ 7960 10417 9 power power NN 7960 10417 10 condemned condemn VBD 7960 10417 11 Germany Germany NNP 7960 10417 12 to to IN 7960 10417 13 a a DT 7960 10417 14 minor minor JJ 7960 10417 15 part part NN 7960 10417 16 in in IN 7960 10417 17 the the DT 7960 10417 18 affairs affair NNS 7960 10417 19 of of IN 7960 10417 20 Europe Europe NNP 7960 10417 21 , , , 7960 10417 22 as as RB 7960 10417 23 late late RB 7960 10417 24 as as IN 7960 10417 25 the the DT 7960 10417 26 nineteenth nineteenth JJ 7960 10417 27 century century NN 7960 10417 28 . . . 7960 10418 1 Yet yet CC 7960 10418 2 Germany Germany NNP 7960 10418 3 found find VBD 7960 10418 4 some some DT 7960 10418 5 compensation compensation NN 7960 10418 6 for for IN 7960 10418 7 political political JJ 7960 10418 8 backwardness backwardness NN 7960 10418 9 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3 : : : 7960 10420 4 Map Map NNP 7960 10420 5 , , , 7960 10420 6 GERMAN GERMAN NNP 7960 10420 7 EXPANSION expansion NN 7960 10420 8 EASTWARD eastward RB 7960 10420 9 DURING during IN 7960 10420 10 THE the DT 7960 10420 11 MIDDLE MIDDLE NNP 7960 10420 12 AGES AGES NNP 7960 10420 13 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10420 14 STUDIES STUDIES NNP 7960 10420 15 1 1 CD 7960 10420 16 . . . 7960 10421 1 On on IN 7960 10421 2 an an DT 7960 10421 3 outline outline NN 7960 10421 4 map map NN 7960 10421 5 indicate indicate VBP 7960 10421 6 ( ( -LRB- 7960 10421 7 a a DT 7960 10421 8 ) ) -RRB- 7960 10421 9 William William NNP 7960 10421 10 the the DT 7960 10421 11 Conqueror Conqueror NNP 7960 10421 12 's 's POS 7960 10421 13 French french JJ 7960 10421 14 dominions dominion NNS 7960 10421 15 and and CC 7960 10421 16 ( ( -LRB- 7960 10421 17 b b LS 7960 10421 18 ) ) -RRB- 7960 10421 19 additional additional JJ 7960 10421 20 dominions dominion NNS 7960 10421 21 of of IN 7960 10421 22 the the DT 7960 10421 23 Plantagenet 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a.d. NN 7960 10428 6 ? ? . 7960 10429 1 in in IN 7960 10429 2 1066 1066 CD 7960 10429 3 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 10429 4 ? ? . 7960 10430 1 in in IN 7960 10430 2 1215 1215 CD 7960 10430 3 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 10430 4 ? ? . 7960 10431 1 in in IN 7960 10431 2 1295 1295 CD 7960 10431 3 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 10431 4 ? ? . 7960 10432 1 in in IN 7960 10432 2 1346 1346 CD 7960 10432 3 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 10432 4 ? ? . 7960 10433 1 in in IN 7960 10433 2 1453 1453 CD 7960 10433 3 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 10433 4 ? ? . 7960 10434 1 in in IN 7960 10434 2 1485 1485 CD 7960 10434 3 A.D. A.D. 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? . 7960 10450 1 11 11 CD 7960 10450 2 . . . 7960 10451 1 Explain explain VB 7960 10451 2 the the DT 7960 10451 3 difference difference NN 7960 10451 4 between between IN 7960 10451 5 a a DT 7960 10451 6 grand grand JJ 7960 10451 7 jury jury NN 7960 10451 8 and and CC 7960 10451 9 a a DT 7960 10451 10 trial trial NN 7960 10451 11 , , , 7960 10451 12 or or CC 7960 10451 13 petty petty JJ 7960 10451 14 jury jury NN 7960 10451 15 . . . 7960 10452 1 12 12 CD 7960 10452 2 . . . 7960 10453 1 Compare compare VB 7960 10453 2 the the DT 7960 10453 3 extent extent NN 7960 10453 4 of of IN 7960 10453 5 territory territory NN 7960 10453 6 in in IN 7960 10453 7 which which WDT 7960 10453 8 Roman roman JJ 7960 10453 9 law law NN 7960 10453 10 now now RB 7960 10453 11 prevails prevail VBZ 7960 10453 12 with with IN 7960 10453 13 that that DT 7960 10453 14 which which WDT 7960 10453 15 follows follow VBZ 7960 10453 16 the the DT 7960 10453 17 Common common JJ 7960 10453 18 law law NN 7960 10453 19 . . . 7960 10454 1 13 13 CD 7960 10454 2 . . . 7960 10455 1 Why why WRB 7960 10455 2 was be VBD 7960 10455 3 the the DT 7960 10455 4 Parliament Parliament NNP 7960 10455 5 of of IN 7960 10455 6 1295 1295 CD 7960 10455 7 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 10455 8 named name VBD 7960 10455 9 the the DT 7960 10455 10 " " `` 7960 10455 11 Model Model NNP 7960 10455 12 Parliament Parliament NNP 7960 10455 13 " " '' 7960 10455 14 ? ? . 7960 10456 1 14 14 CD 7960 10456 2 . . . 7960 10457 1 Why why WRB 7960 10457 2 has have VBZ 7960 10457 3 England England NNP 7960 10457 4 been be VBN 7960 10457 5 called call VBN 7960 10457 6 " " `` 7960 10457 7 the the DT 7960 10457 8 mother mother NN 7960 10457 9 of of IN 7960 10457 10 parliaments parliament NNS 7960 10457 11 " " '' 7960 10457 12 ? ? . 7960 10458 1 15 15 CD 7960 10458 2 . . . 7960 10459 1 Distinguish Distinguish NNP 7960 10459 2 between between IN 7960 10459 3 England England NNP 7960 10459 4 and and CC 7960 10459 5 Great Great NNP 7960 10459 6 Britain Britain NNP 7960 10459 7 . . . 7960 10460 1 Between between IN 7960 10460 2 Great Great NNP 7960 10460 3 Britain Britain NNP 7960 10460 4 and and CC 7960 10460 5 the the DT 7960 10460 6 United United NNP 7960 10460 7 Kingdom Kingdom 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18 18 CD 7960 10466 2 . . . 7960 10467 1 Trace trace NN 7960 10467 2 on on IN 7960 10467 3 the the DT 7960 10467 4 map map NN 7960 10467 5 the the DT 7960 10467 6 main main JJ 7960 10467 7 water water NN 7960 10467 8 routes route NNS 7960 10467 9 in in IN 7960 10467 10 France France NNP 7960 10467 11 between between IN 7960 10467 12 the the DT 7960 10467 13 Mediterranean Mediterranean NNP 7960 10467 14 and and CC 7960 10467 15 the the DT 7960 10467 16 Atlantic Atlantic NNP 7960 10467 17 . . . 7960 10468 1 19 19 CD 7960 10468 2 . . . 7960 10469 1 Show show VB 7960 10469 2 that that IN 7960 10469 3 Paris Paris NNP 7960 10469 4 occupies occupy VBZ 7960 10469 5 an an DT 7960 10469 6 exceptionally exceptionally RB 7960 10469 7 good good JJ 7960 10469 8 location location NN 7960 10469 9 for for IN 7960 10469 10 a a DT 7960 10469 11 capital capital NN 7960 10469 12 city city NN 7960 10469 13 . . . 7960 10470 1 20 20 CD 7960 10470 2 . . . 7960 10471 1 What what WP 7960 10471 2 French french JJ 7960 10471 3 kings king NNS 7960 10471 4 did do VBD 7960 10471 5 most most RBS 7960 10471 6 to to TO 7960 10471 7 form form VB 7960 10471 8 the the DT 7960 10471 9 French french JJ 7960 10471 10 nation nation NN 7960 10471 11 ? ? . 7960 10472 1 21 21 CD 7960 10472 2 . . . 7960 10473 1 Why why WRB 7960 10473 2 have have VBP 7960 10473 3 queens queen NNS 7960 10473 4 never never RB 7960 10473 5 ruled rule VBN 7960 10473 6 in in IN 7960 10473 7 France France NNP 7960 10473 8 ? ? . 7960 10474 1 22 22 CD 7960 10474 2 . . . 7960 10475 1 Compare compare VB 7960 10475 2 the the DT 7960 10475 3 Hundred hundred CD 7960 10475 4 Years Years NNPS 7960 10475 5 ' ' POS 7960 10475 6 War war NN 7960 10475 7 and and CC 7960 10475 8 the the DT 7960 10475 9 Peloponnesian Peloponnesian NNP 7960 10475 10 War War NNP 7960 10475 11 as as IN 7960 10475 12 needless needless JJ 7960 10475 13 conflicts conflict NNS 7960 10475 14 . . . 7960 10476 1 23 23 CD 7960 10476 2 . . . 7960 10477 1 Compare Compare NNP 7960 10477 2 Joan Joan NNP 7960 10477 3 of of IN 7960 10477 4 Arc Arc NNP 7960 10477 5 's 's POS 7960 10477 6 visions vision NNS 7960 10477 7 with with IN 7960 10477 8 those those DT 7960 10477 9 of of IN 7960 10477 10 Mohammed Mohammed NNP 7960 10477 11 . . . 7960 10478 1 24 24 CD 7960 10478 2 . . . 7960 10479 1 " " `` 7960 10479 2 Beyond beyond IN 7960 10479 3 the the DT 7960 10479 4 Pyrenees Pyrenees NNPS 7960 10479 5 begins begin VBZ 7960 10479 6 Africa Africa NNP 7960 10479 7 . . . 7960 10479 8 " " '' 7960 10480 1 What what WP 7960 10480 2 does do VBZ 7960 10480 3 this this DT 7960 10480 4 statement statement NN 7960 10480 5 mean mean VB 7960 10480 6 ? ? . 7960 10481 1 25 25 CD 7960 10481 2 . . . 7960 10482 1 Why why WRB 7960 10482 2 was be VBD 7960 10482 3 Spain Spain NNP 7960 10482 4 inconspicuous inconspicuous JJ 7960 10482 5 in in IN 7960 10482 6 European european JJ 7960 10482 7 politics politic NNS 7960 10482 8 before before IN 7960 10482 9 the the DT 7960 10482 10 opening opening NN 7960 10482 11 of of IN 7960 10482 12 the the DT 7960 10482 13 sixteenth sixteenth JJ 7960 10482 14 century century NN 7960 10482 15 ? ? . 7960 10483 1 26 26 CD 7960 10483 2 . . . 7960 10484 1 Look look VB 7960 10484 2 up up RP 7960 10484 3 in in IN 7960 10484 4 an an DT 7960 10484 5 encyclopedia encyclopedia NN 7960 10484 6 the the DT 7960 10484 7 story story NN 7960 10484 8 of of IN 7960 10484 9 William William NNP 7960 10484 10 Tell Tell NNP 7960 10484 11 and and CC 7960 10484 12 prepare prepare VB 7960 10484 13 an an DT 7960 10484 14 oral oral JJ 7960 10484 15 report report NN 7960 10484 16 upon upon IN 7960 10484 17 it -PRON- PRP 7960 10484 18 . . . 7960 10485 1 27 27 CD 7960 10485 2 . . . 7960 10486 1 Why why WRB 7960 10486 2 was be VBD 7960 10486 3 the the DT 7960 10486 4 German german JJ 7960 10486 5 system system NN 7960 10486 6 of of IN 7960 10486 7 elective elective JJ 7960 10486 8 rulers ruler NNS 7960 10486 9 politically politically RB 7960 10486 10 less less RBR 7960 10486 11 advantageous advantageous JJ 7960 10486 12 than than IN 7960 10486 13 the the DT 7960 10486 14 settled settle VBN 7960 10486 15 hereditary hereditary JJ 7960 10486 16 succession succession NN 7960 10486 17 which which WDT 7960 10486 18 prevailed prevail VBD 7960 10486 19 in in IN 7960 10486 20 England England NNP 7960 10486 21 and and CC 7960 10486 22 France France NNP 7960 10486 23 ? ? . 7960 10487 1 FOOTNOTES FOOTNOTES NNP 7960 10487 2 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10487 3 1 1 CD 7960 10487 4 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10487 5 Webster Webster NNP 7960 10487 6 , , , 7960 10487 7 _ _ NNP 7960 10487 8 Readings Readings NNP 7960 10487 9 in in IN 7960 10487 10 Medieval Medieval NNP 7960 10487 11 and and CC 7960 10487 12 Modern Modern NNP 7960 10487 13 History History NNP 7960 10487 14 , , , 7960 10487 15 _ _ NNP 7960 10487 16 chapter chapter NN 7960 10487 17 xiv xiv NN 7960 10487 18 , , , 7960 10487 19 " " '' 7960 10487 20 St. St. NNP 7960 10487 21 Louis Louis NNP 7960 10487 22 " " '' 7960 10487 23 ; ; : 7960 10487 24 chapter chapter NN 7960 10487 25 xv xv NNP 7960 10487 26 , , , 7960 10487 27 " " `` 7960 10487 28 Episodes episode NNS 7960 10487 29 of of IN 7960 10487 30 the the DT 7960 10487 31 Hundred Hundred NNP 7960 10487 32 Years Years NNPS 7960 10487 33 ' ' POS 7960 10487 34 War War NNP 7960 10487 35 " " '' 7960 10487 36 ; ; : 7960 10487 37 chapter chapter NN 7960 10487 38 xvi xvi NNP 7960 10487 39 , , , 7960 10487 40 " " `` 7960 10487 41 Memoirs memoir NNS 7960 10487 42 of of IN 7960 10487 43 a a DT 7960 10487 44 French french JJ 7960 10487 45 Courtier Courtier NNP 7960 10487 46 . . . 7960 10487 47 " " '' 7960 10488 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10488 2 2 2 LS 7960 10488 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10488 4 The the DT 7960 10488 5 name name NN 7960 10488 6 comes come VBZ 7960 10488 7 from from IN 7960 10488 8 that that DT 7960 10488 9 of of IN 7960 10488 10 the the DT 7960 10488 11 broom broom NN 7960 10488 12 plant plant NN 7960 10488 13 ( ( -LRB- 7960 10488 14 Latin Latin NNP 7960 10488 15 _ _ NNP 7960 10488 16 planta planta NN 7960 10488 17 genesta genesta NNP 7960 10488 18 _ _ NNP 7960 10488 19 ) ) -RRB- 7960 10488 20 , , , 7960 10488 21 a a DT 7960 10488 22 sprig sprig NN 7960 10488 23 of of IN 7960 10488 24 which which WDT 7960 10488 25 Henry Henry NNP 7960 10488 26 's 's POS 7960 10488 27 father father NN 7960 10488 28 used use VBD 7960 10488 29 to to TO 7960 10488 30 wear wear VB 7960 10488 31 in in IN 7960 10488 32 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10488 33 hat hat NN 7960 10488 34 . . . 7960 10489 1 The the DT 7960 10489 2 family family NN 7960 10489 3 is be VBZ 7960 10489 4 also also RB 7960 10489 5 called call VBN 7960 10489 6 Angevin Angevin NNP 7960 10489 7 , , , 7960 10489 8 because because IN 7960 10489 9 Henry Henry NNP 7960 10489 10 on on IN 7960 10489 11 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10489 12 father father NN 7960 10489 13 's 's POS 7960 10489 14 side side NN 7960 10489 15 descended descend VBD 7960 10489 16 from from IN 7960 10489 17 the the DT 7960 10489 18 counts count NNS 7960 10489 19 of of IN 7960 10489 20 Anjou Anjou NNP 7960 10489 21 in in IN 7960 10489 22 France France NNP 7960 10489 23 . . . 7960 10490 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10490 2 3 3 LS 7960 10490 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10490 4 See see VB 7960 10490 5 page page NN 7960 10490 6 419 419 CD 7960 10490 7 . . . 7960 10491 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10491 2 4 4 LS 7960 10491 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10491 4 Latin Latin NNP 7960 10491 5 _ _ NNP 7960 10491 6 verum verum NN 7960 10491 7 dictum dictum NN 7960 10491 8 _ _ NNP 7960 10491 9 , , , 7960 10491 10 " " '' 7960 10491 11 a a DT 7960 10491 12 true true JJ 7960 10491 13 statement statement NN 7960 10491 14 . . . 7960 10491 15 " " '' 7960 10492 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10492 2 5 5 CD 7960 10492 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10492 4 Latin Latin NNP 7960 10492 5 _ _ NNP 7960 10492 6 juro juro NNP 7960 10492 7 _ _ NNP 7960 10492 8 , , , 7960 10492 9 " " `` 7960 10492 10 I -PRON- PRP 7960 10492 11 take take VBP 7960 10492 12 an an DT 7960 10492 13 oath oath NN 7960 10492 14 . . . 7960 10492 15 " " '' 7960 10493 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10493 2 6 6 CD 7960 10493 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10493 4 See see VB 7960 10493 5 pages page NNS 7960 10493 6 475 475 CD 7960 10493 7 - - SYM 7960 10493 8 476 476 CD 7960 10493 9 . . . 7960 10494 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10494 2 7 7 LS 7960 10494 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10494 4 See see VB 7960 10494 5 page page NN 7960 10494 6 514 514 CD 7960 10494 7 . . . 7960 10495 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10495 2 8 8 LS 7960 10495 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10495 4 See see VB 7960 10495 5 page page NN 7960 10495 6 461 461 CD 7960 10495 7 . . . 7960 10496 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10496 2 9 9 CD 7960 10496 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10496 4 A a DT 7960 10496 5 term term NN 7960 10496 6 which which WDT 7960 10496 7 refers refer VBZ 7960 10496 8 to to IN 7960 10496 9 all all DT 7960 10496 10 freemen freeman NNS 7960 10496 11 in in IN 7960 10496 12 town town NN 7960 10496 13 and and CC 7960 10496 14 country country NN 7960 10496 15 below below IN 7960 10496 16 the the DT 7960 10496 17 rank rank NN 7960 10496 18 of of IN 7960 10496 19 nobles noble NNS 7960 10496 20 . . . 7960 10497 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10497 2 10 10 CD 7960 10497 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10497 4 See see VB 7960 10497 5 page page NN 7960 10497 6 418 418 CD 7960 10497 7 . . . 7960 10498 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10498 2 11 11 CD 7960 10498 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10498 4 Made make VBN 7960 10498 5 up up RP 7960 10498 6 of of IN 7960 10498 7 the the DT 7960 10498 8 chief chief JJ 7960 10498 9 lords lord NNS 7960 10498 10 and and CC 7960 10498 11 bishops bishop NNS 7960 10498 12 . . . 7960 10499 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10499 2 12 12 CD 7960 10499 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10499 4 The the DT 7960 10499 5 word word NN 7960 10499 6 " " `` 7960 10499 7 parliament parliament NN 7960 10499 8 , , , 7960 10499 9 " " '' 7960 10499 10 from from IN 7960 10499 11 French French NNP 7960 10499 12 _ _ NNP 7960 10499 13 parler parler NN 7960 10499 14 , , , 7960 10499 15 _ _ NNP 7960 10499 16 " " `` 7960 10499 17 to to TO 7960 10499 18 speak speak VB 7960 10499 19 , , , 7960 10499 20 " " '' 7960 10499 21 originally originally RB 7960 10499 22 meant mean VBD 7960 10499 23 a a DT 7960 10499 24 talk talk NN 7960 10499 25 or or CC 7960 10499 26 conference conference NN 7960 10499 27 . . . 7960 10500 1 Later later RBR 7960 10500 2 , , , 7960 10500 3 the the DT 7960 10500 4 word word NN 7960 10500 5 came come VBD 7960 10500 6 to to TO 7960 10500 7 be be VB 7960 10500 8 applied apply VBN 7960 10500 9 to to IN 7960 10500 10 the the DT 7960 10500 11 body body NN 7960 10500 12 of of IN 7960 10500 13 persons person NNS 7960 10500 14 assembled assemble VBN 7960 10500 15 for for IN 7960 10500 16 conference conference NN 7960 10500 17 . . . 7960 10501 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10501 2 13 13 CD 7960 10501 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10501 4 See see VB 7960 10501 5 page page NN 7960 10501 6 407 407 CD 7960 10501 7 and and CC 7960 10501 8 note note VB 7960 10501 9 1 1 CD 7960 10501 10 . . . 7960 10502 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10502 2 14 14 CD 7960 10502 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10502 4 See see VB 7960 10502 5 page page NN 7960 10502 6 319 319 CD 7960 10502 7 . . . 7960 10503 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10503 2 15 15 CD 7960 10503 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10503 4 See see VB 7960 10503 5 page page NN 7960 10503 6 246 246 CD 7960 10503 7 . . . 7960 10504 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10504 2 16 16 CD 7960 10504 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10504 4 See see VB 7960 10504 5 the the DT 7960 10504 6 map map NN 7960 10504 7 , , , 7960 10504 8 page page NN 7960 10504 9 321 321 CD 7960 10504 10 . . . 7960 10505 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10505 2 17 17 CD 7960 10505 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10505 4 In in IN 7960 10505 5 1603 1603 CD 7960 10505 6 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 10505 7 James James NNP 7960 10505 8 VI VI NNP 7960 10505 9 of of IN 7960 10505 10 Scotland Scotland NNP 7960 10505 11 ascended ascend VBD 7960 10505 12 the the DT 7960 10505 13 throne throne NN 7960 10505 14 of of IN 7960 10505 15 England England NNP 7960 10505 16 as as IN 7960 10505 17 James James NNP 7960 10505 18 I. I. NNP 7960 10506 1 In in IN 7960 10506 2 1707 1707 CD 7960 10506 3 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 10506 4 the the DT 7960 10506 5 two two CD 7960 10506 6 countries country NNS 7960 10506 7 adopted adopt VBD 7960 10506 8 a a DT 7960 10506 9 plan plan NN 7960 10506 10 of of IN 7960 10506 11 union union NN 7960 10506 12 which which WDT 7960 10506 13 gave give VBD 7960 10506 14 them -PRON- PRP 7960 10506 15 a a DT 7960 10506 16 common common JJ 7960 10506 17 Parliament Parliament NNP 7960 10506 18 and and CC 7960 10506 19 one one CD 7960 10506 20 flag flag NN 7960 10506 21 . . . 7960 10507 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10507 2 18 18 CD 7960 10507 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10507 4 See see VB 7960 10507 5 page page NN 7960 10507 6 397 397 CD 7960 10507 7 . . . 7960 10508 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10508 2 19 19 CD 7960 10508 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10508 4 See see VB 7960 10508 5 page page NN 7960 10508 6 403 403 CD 7960 10508 7 . . . 7960 10509 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10509 2 20 20 CD 7960 10509 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10509 4 From from IN 7960 10509 5 987 987 CD 7960 10509 6 A.D. a.d. NN 7960 10509 7 to to IN 7960 10509 8 1328 1328 CD 7960 10509 9 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 10509 10 France France NNP 7960 10509 11 had have VBD 7960 10509 12 only only RB 7960 10509 13 fourteen fourteen CD 7960 10509 14 kings king NNS 7960 10509 15 . . . 7960 10510 1 The the DT 7960 10510 2 average average JJ 7960 10510 3 length length NN 7960 10510 4 of of IN 7960 10510 5 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10510 6 reigns reign NNS 7960 10510 7 was be VBD 7960 10510 8 , , , 7960 10510 9 therefore therefore RB 7960 10510 10 , , , 7960 10510 11 something something NN 7960 10510 12 more more JJR 7960 10510 13 than than IN 7960 10510 14 twenty- twenty- JJ 7960 10510 15 four four CD 7960 10510 16 years year NNS 7960 10510 17 . . . 7960 10511 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10511 2 21 21 CD 7960 10511 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10511 4 See see VB 7960 10511 5 pages page NNS 7960 10511 6 461 461 CD 7960 10511 7 , , , 7960 10511 8 475 475 CD 7960 10511 9 . . . 7960 10512 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10512 2 22 22 CD 7960 10512 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10512 4 Hence hence RB 7960 10512 5 the the DT 7960 10512 6 name name NN 7960 10512 7 " " `` 7960 10512 8 Salic salic JJ 7960 10512 9 law law NN 7960 10512 10 " " '' 7960 10512 11 applied apply VBD 7960 10512 12 to to IN 7960 10512 13 the the DT 7960 10512 14 rule rule NN 7960 10512 15 excluding exclude VBG 7960 10512 16 women woman NNS 7960 10512 17 from from IN 7960 10512 18 succession succession NN 7960 10512 19 to to IN 7960 10512 20 the the DT 7960 10512 21 French french JJ 7960 10512 22 throne throne NN 7960 10512 23 . . . 7960 10513 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10513 2 23 23 CD 7960 10513 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10513 4 See see VB 7960 10513 5 page page NN 7960 10513 6 550 550 CD 7960 10513 7 . . . 7960 10514 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10514 2 24 24 CD 7960 10514 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10514 4 Probably probably RB 7960 10514 5 so so RB 7960 10514 6 called call VBD 7960 10514 7 from from IN 7960 10514 8 the the DT 7960 10514 9 black black JJ 7960 10514 10 armor armor NN 7960 10514 11 which which WDT 7960 10514 12 he -PRON- PRP 7960 10514 13 wore wear VBD 7960 10514 14 . . . 7960 10515 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 10515 2 may may MD 7960 10515 3 still still RB 7960 10515 4 be be VB 7960 10515 5 seen see VBN 7960 10515 6 above above IN 7960 10515 7 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10515 8 tomb tomb NN 7960 10515 9 in in IN 7960 10515 10 Canterbury Canterbury NNP 7960 10515 11 Cathedral Cathedral NNP 7960 10515 12 . . . 7960 10516 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10516 2 25 25 CD 7960 10516 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10516 4 In in IN 7960 10516 5 French French NNP 7960 10516 6 , , , 7960 10516 7 Jeanne Jeanne NNP 7960 10516 8 d'Arc d'arc NN 7960 10516 9 . . . 7960 10517 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10517 2 26 26 CD 7960 10517 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10517 4 Calais Calais NNP 7960 10517 5 went go VBD 7960 10517 6 back back RB 7960 10517 7 to to IN 7960 10517 8 the the DT 7960 10517 9 French French NNP 7960 10517 10 in in IN 7960 10517 11 1558 1558 CD 7960 10517 12 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 10518 1 The the DT 7960 10518 2 Channel Channel NNP 7960 10518 3 Islands Islands NNPS 7960 10518 4 are be VBP 7960 10518 5 still still RB 7960 10518 6 English english JJ 7960 10518 7 possessions possession NNS 7960 10518 8 . . . 7960 10519 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10519 2 27 27 CD 7960 10519 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10519 4 See see VB 7960 10519 5 pages page NNS 7960 10519 6 164 164 CD 7960 10519 7 , , , 7960 10519 8 169 169 CD 7960 10519 9 , , , 7960 10519 10 244 244 CD 7960 10519 11 , , , 7960 10519 12 378 378 CD 7960 10519 13 . . . 7960 10520 1 The the DT 7960 10520 2 Arabs Arabs NNPS 7960 10520 3 and and CC 7960 10520 4 Berbers Berbers NNPS 7960 10520 5 who who WP 7960 10520 6 settled settle VBD 7960 10520 7 in in IN 7960 10520 8 Spain Spain NNP 7960 10520 9 are be VBP 7960 10520 10 generally generally RB 7960 10520 11 called call VBN 7960 10520 12 Moors moor NNS 7960 10520 13 . . . 7960 10521 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10521 2 28 28 CD 7960 10521 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10521 4 See see VB 7960 10521 5 page page NN 7960 10521 6 316 316 CD 7960 10521 7 . . . 7960 10522 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10522 2 29 29 CD 7960 10522 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10522 4 See see VB 7960 10522 5 page page NN 7960 10522 6 462 462 CD 7960 10522 7 . . . 7960 10523 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10523 2 30 30 CD 7960 10523 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10523 4 The the DT 7960 10523 5 duchies duchy NNS 7960 10523 6 of of IN 7960 10523 7 Upper Upper NNP 7960 10523 8 and and CC 7960 10523 9 Lower Lower NNP 7960 10523 10 Austria Austria NNP 7960 10523 11 , , , 7960 10523 12 Styria Styria NNP 7960 10523 13 , , , 7960 10523 14 Carinthia Carinthia NNP 7960 10523 15 , , , 7960 10523 16 and and CC 7960 10523 17 Carniola Carniola NNP 7960 10523 18 , , , 7960 10523 19 and and CC 7960 10523 20 the the DT 7960 10523 21 county county NN 7960 10523 22 of of IN 7960 10523 23 Tyrol Tyrol NNP 7960 10523 24 . . . 7960 10524 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10524 2 31 31 CD 7960 10524 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10524 4 See see VB 7960 10524 5 the the DT 7960 10524 6 map map NN 7960 10524 7 facing face VBG 7960 10524 8 page page NN 7960 10524 9 462 462 CD 7960 10524 10 . . . 7960 10525 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10525 2 32 32 CD 7960 10525 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10525 4 From from IN 7960 10525 5 Schwyz Schwyz NNP 7960 10525 6 comes come VBZ 7960 10525 7 the the DT 7960 10525 8 name name NN 7960 10525 9 Switzerland Switzerland NNP 7960 10525 10 . . . 7960 10526 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10526 2 33 33 CD 7960 10526 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10526 4 The the DT 7960 10526 5 independence independence NN 7960 10526 6 of of IN 7960 10526 7 the the DT 7960 10526 8 country country NN 7960 10526 9 was be VBD 7960 10526 10 not not RB 7960 10526 11 formally formally RB 7960 10526 12 recognized recognize VBN 7960 10526 13 till till IN 7960 10526 14 1648 1648 CD 7960 10526 15 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 10526 16 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10526 17 34 34 CD 7960 10526 18 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10526 19 See see VB 7960 10526 20 page page NN 7960 10526 21 315 315 CD 7960 10526 22 . . . 7960 10527 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10527 2 35 35 CD 7960 10527 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10527 4 See see VB 7960 10527 5 page page NN 7960 10527 6 473 473 CD 7960 10527 7 . . . 7960 10528 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10528 2 36 36 CD 7960 10528 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10528 4 Courland Courland NNP 7960 10528 5 , , , 7960 10528 6 Livonia Livonia NNP 7960 10528 7 , , , 7960 10528 8 and and CC 7960 10528 9 Esthonia Esthonia NNP 7960 10528 10 . . . 7960 10529 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10529 2 37 37 CD 7960 10529 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10529 4 See see VB 7960 10529 5 pages page NNS 7960 10529 6 319 319 CD 7960 10529 7 , , , 7960 10529 8 462 462 CD 7960 10529 9 . . . 7960 10530 1 CHAPTER chapter NN 7960 10530 2 XXIII xxiii NN 7960 10530 3 EUROPEAN european VBP 7960 10530 4 CITIES city NNS 7960 10530 5 DURING during IN 7960 10530 6 THE the DT 7960 10530 7 LATER later JJ 7960 10530 8 MIDDLE MIDDLE NNP 7960 10530 9 AGES AGES NNP 7960 10530 10 192 192 CD 7960 10530 11 . . . 7960 10531 1 GROWTH GROWTH NNS 7960 10531 2 OF of IN 7960 10531 3 THE the DT 7960 10531 4 CITIES city NNS 7960 10531 5 THE the DT 7960 10531 6 CIVIC CIVIC NNP 7960 10531 7 REVIVAL REVIVAL NNP 7960 10531 8 Civilization Civilization NNP 7960 10531 9 has have VBZ 7960 10531 10 always always RB 7960 10531 11 had have VBN 7960 10531 12 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10531 13 home home NN 7960 10531 14 in in IN 7960 10531 15 the the DT 7960 10531 16 city city NN 7960 10531 17 . . . 7960 10532 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10532 2 1 1 LS 7960 10532 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10532 4 The the DT 7960 10532 5 statement statement NN 7960 10532 6 applies apply VBZ 7960 10532 7 as as RB 7960 10532 8 well well RB 7960 10532 9 to to IN 7960 10532 10 medieval medieval JJ 7960 10532 11 times time NNS 7960 10532 12 as as IN 7960 10532 13 to to IN 7960 10532 14 the the DT 7960 10532 15 present present JJ 7960 10532 16 day day NN 7960 10532 17 . . . 7960 10533 1 Nothing nothing NN 7960 10533 2 marks mark VBZ 7960 10533 3 more more RBR 7960 10533 4 strongly strongly RB 7960 10533 5 the the DT 7960 10533 6 backwardness backwardness NN 7960 10533 7 of of IN 7960 10533 8 the the DT 7960 10533 9 early early JJ 7960 10533 10 Middle Middle NNP 7960 10533 11 Ages Ages NNPS 7960 10533 12 than than IN 7960 10533 13 the the DT 7960 10533 14 absence absence NN 7960 10533 15 of of IN 7960 10533 16 large large JJ 7960 10533 17 and and CC 7960 10533 18 flourishing flourishing JJ 7960 10533 19 cities city NNS 7960 10533 20 throughout throughout IN 7960 10533 21 western western JJ 7960 10533 22 Europe Europe NNP 7960 10533 23 . . . 7960 10534 1 The the DT 7960 10534 2 growth growth NN 7960 10534 3 of of IN 7960 10534 4 trade trade NN 7960 10534 5 in in IN 7960 10534 6 the the DT 7960 10534 7 later later JJ 7960 10534 8 Middle Middle NNP 7960 10534 9 Ages Ages NNP 7960 10534 10 led lead VBD 7960 10534 11 , , , 7960 10534 12 however however RB 7960 10534 13 , , , 7960 10534 14 to to IN 7960 10534 15 a a DT 7960 10534 16 civic civic JJ 7960 10534 17 revival revival NN 7960 10534 18 beginning begin VBG 7960 10534 19 in in IN 7960 10534 20 the the DT 7960 10534 21 eleventh eleventh JJ 7960 10534 22 century century NN 7960 10534 23 . . . 7960 10535 1 This this DT 7960 10535 2 change change NN 7960 10535 3 from from IN 7960 10535 4 rural rural JJ 7960 10535 5 to to IN 7960 10535 6 urban urban JJ 7960 10535 7 life life NN 7960 10535 8 was be VBD 7960 10535 9 scarcely scarcely RB 7960 10535 10 less less RBR 7960 10535 11 significant significant JJ 7960 10535 12 for for IN 7960 10535 13 European european JJ 7960 10535 14 history history NN 7960 10535 15 than than IN 7960 10535 16 the the DT 7960 10535 17 change change NN 7960 10535 18 from from IN 7960 10535 19 the the DT 7960 10535 20 feudal feudal JJ 7960 10535 21 to to IN 7960 10535 22 the the DT 7960 10535 23 national national JJ 7960 10535 24 state state NN 7960 10535 25 . . . 7960 10536 1 CITIES city NNS 7960 10536 2 OF of IN 7960 10536 3 ROMAN ROMAN VBN 7960 10536 4 ORIGIN ORIGIN NNP 7960 10536 5 A a DT 7960 10536 6 number number NN 7960 10536 7 of of IN 7960 10536 8 medieval medieval JJ 7960 10536 9 cities city NNS 7960 10536 10 stood stand VBD 7960 10536 11 on on IN 7960 10536 12 the the DT 7960 10536 13 sites site NNS 7960 10536 14 , , , 7960 10536 15 and and CC 7960 10536 16 even even RB 7960 10536 17 within within IN 7960 10536 18 the the DT 7960 10536 19 walls wall NNS 7960 10536 20 , , , 7960 10536 21 of of IN 7960 10536 22 Roman roman JJ 7960 10536 23 municipalities municipality NNS 7960 10536 24 . . . 7960 10537 1 Particularly particularly RB 7960 10537 2 in in IN 7960 10537 3 Italy Italy NNP 7960 10537 4 , , , 7960 10537 5 southern southern JJ 7960 10537 6 France France NNP 7960 10537 7 , , , 7960 10537 8 and and CC 7960 10537 9 Spain Spain NNP 7960 10537 10 , , , 7960 10537 11 and and CC 7960 10537 12 also also RB 7960 10537 13 in in IN 7960 10537 14 the the DT 7960 10537 15 Rhine Rhine NNP 7960 10537 16 and and CC 7960 10537 17 Danube Danube NNP 7960 10537 18 regions region NNS 7960 10537 19 , , , 7960 10537 20 it -PRON- PRP 7960 10537 21 seems seem VBZ 7960 10537 22 that that IN 7960 10537 23 some some DT 7960 10537 24 ancient ancient JJ 7960 10537 25 _ _ NNP 7960 10537 26 municipia municipia NN 7960 10537 27 _ _ NNP 7960 10537 28 had have VBD 7960 10537 29 never never RB 7960 10537 30 been be VBN 7960 10537 31 entirely entirely RB 7960 10537 32 destroyed destroy VBN 7960 10537 33 during during IN 7960 10537 34 the the DT 7960 10537 35 Germanic germanic JJ 7960 10537 36 invasions invasion NNS 7960 10537 37 . . . 7960 10538 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 10538 2 preserved preserve VBD 7960 10538 3 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10538 4 Roman roman JJ 7960 10538 5 names name NNS 7960 10538 6 , , , 7960 10538 7 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10538 8 streets street NNS 7960 10538 9 , , , 7960 10538 10 aqueducts aqueduct NNS 7960 10538 11 , , , 7960 10538 12 amphitheaters amphitheater NNS 7960 10538 13 , , , 7960 10538 14 and and CC 7960 10538 15 churches church NNS 7960 10538 16 , , , 7960 10538 17 and and CC 7960 10538 18 possibly possibly RB 7960 10538 19 vestiges vestige NNS 7960 10538 20 of of IN 7960 10538 21 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10538 22 Roman roman JJ 7960 10538 23 institutions institution NNS 7960 10538 24 . . . 7960 10539 1 Among among IN 7960 10539 2 them -PRON- PRP 7960 10539 3 were be VBD 7960 10539 4 such such JJ 7960 10539 5 important important JJ 7960 10539 6 centers center NNS 7960 10539 7 as as IN 7960 10539 8 Milan Milan NNP 7960 10539 9 , , , 7960 10539 10 Florence Florence NNP 7960 10539 11 , , , 7960 10539 12 Venice Venice NNP 7960 10539 13 , , , 7960 10539 14 Lyons Lyons NNP 7960 10539 15 , , , 7960 10539 16 Marseilles Marseilles NNP 7960 10539 17 , , , 7960 10539 18 Paris Paris NNP 7960 10539 19 , , , 7960 10539 20 Vienna Vienna NNP 7960 10539 21 , , , 7960 10539 22 Cologne Cologne NNP 7960 10539 23 , , , 7960 10539 24 London London NNP 7960 10539 25 , , , 7960 10539 26 and and CC 7960 10539 27 York York NNP 7960 10539 28 . . . 7960 10540 1 ORIGIN ORIGIN NNP 7960 10540 2 OF of IN 7960 10540 3 THE the DT 7960 10540 4 OTHER other JJ 7960 10540 5 CITIES city NNS 7960 10540 6 Many many JJ 7960 10540 7 medieval medieval JJ 7960 10540 8 cities city NNS 7960 10540 9 were be VBD 7960 10540 10 new new JJ 7960 10540 11 foundations foundation NNS 7960 10540 12 . . . 7960 10541 1 Some some DT 7960 10541 2 rose rise VBD 7960 10541 3 to to IN 7960 10541 4 importance importance NN 7960 10541 5 because because IN 7960 10541 6 of of IN 7960 10541 7 advantages advantage NNS 7960 10541 8 of of IN 7960 10541 9 situation situation NN 7960 10541 10 . . . 7960 10542 1 A a DT 7960 10542 2 place place NN 7960 10542 3 where where WRB 7960 10542 4 a a DT 7960 10542 5 river river NN 7960 10542 6 could could MD 7960 10542 7 be be VB 7960 10542 8 forded ford VBN 7960 10542 9 , , , 7960 10542 10 where where WRB 7960 10542 11 two two CD 7960 10542 12 roads road NNS 7960 10542 13 met meet VBD 7960 10542 14 , , , 7960 10542 15 or or CC 7960 10542 16 where where WRB 7960 10542 17 a a DT 7960 10542 18 good good JJ 7960 10542 19 harbor harbor NN 7960 10542 20 existed exist VBD 7960 10542 21 , , , 7960 10542 22 would would MD 7960 10542 23 naturally naturally RB 7960 10542 24 become become VB 7960 10542 25 the the DT 7960 10542 26 resort resort NN 7960 10542 27 of of IN 7960 10542 28 traders trader NNS 7960 10542 29 . . . 7960 10543 1 Some some DT 7960 10543 2 , , , 7960 10543 3 again again RB 7960 10543 4 , , , 7960 10543 5 started start VBD 7960 10543 6 as as IN 7960 10543 7 fortresses fortress NNS 7960 10543 8 , , , 7960 10543 9 behind behind IN 7960 10543 10 whose whose WP$ 7960 10543 11 ramparts rampart NNS 7960 10543 12 the the DT 7960 10543 13 peasants peasant NNS 7960 10543 14 took take VBD 7960 10543 15 refuge refuge NN 7960 10543 16 when when WRB 7960 10543 17 danger danger NN 7960 10543 18 threatened threaten VBD 7960 10543 19 . . . 7960 10544 1 A a DT 7960 10544 2 third third JJ 7960 10544 3 group group NN 7960 10544 4 of of IN 7960 10544 5 cities city NNS 7960 10544 6 developed develop VBN 7960 10544 7 from from IN 7960 10544 8 villages village NNS 7960 10544 9 on on IN 7960 10544 10 the the DT 7960 10544 11 manors manor NNS 7960 10544 12 . . . 7960 10545 1 A a DT 7960 10545 2 thriving thrive VBG 7960 10545 3 settlement settlement NN 7960 10545 4 was be VBD 7960 10545 5 pretty pretty RB 7960 10545 6 sure sure JJ 7960 10545 7 to to TO 7960 10545 8 arise arise VB 7960 10545 9 near near IN 7960 10545 10 a a DT 7960 10545 11 monastery monastery NN 7960 10545 12 or or CC 7960 10545 13 castle castle NN 7960 10545 14 , , , 7960 10545 15 which which WDT 7960 10545 16 offered offer VBD 7960 10545 17 both both DT 7960 10545 18 protection protection NN 7960 10545 19 and and CC 7960 10545 20 employment employment NN 7960 10545 21 to to IN 7960 10545 22 the the DT 7960 10545 23 common common JJ 7960 10545 24 people people NNS 7960 10545 25 . . . 7960 10546 1 THE the DT 7960 10546 2 CITY CITY NNP 7960 10546 3 AND and CC 7960 10546 4 FEUDALISM FEUDALISM NNP 7960 10546 5 The the DT 7960 10546 6 city city NN 7960 10546 7 at at IN 7960 10546 8 first first RB 7960 10546 9 formed form VBN 7960 10546 10 part part NN 7960 10546 11 of of IN 7960 10546 12 the the DT 7960 10546 13 feudal feudal JJ 7960 10546 14 system system NN 7960 10546 15 . . . 7960 10547 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 10547 2 grew grow VBD 7960 10547 3 upon upon IN 7960 10547 4 the the DT 7960 10547 5 territory territory NN 7960 10547 6 of of IN 7960 10547 7 a a DT 7960 10547 8 feudal feudal JJ 7960 10547 9 lord lord NNP 7960 10547 10 and and CC 7960 10547 11 naturally naturally RB 7960 10547 12 owed owe VBN 7960 10547 13 obedience obedience NN 7960 10547 14 to to IN 7960 10547 15 him -PRON- PRP 7960 10547 16 . . . 7960 10548 1 The the DT 7960 10548 2 citizens citizen NNS 7960 10548 3 ranked rank VBD 7960 10548 4 not not RB 7960 10548 5 much much RB 7960 10548 6 higher high JJR 7960 10548 7 than than IN 7960 10548 8 serfs serf NNS 7960 10548 9 , , , 7960 10548 10 though though IN 7960 10548 11 they -PRON- PRP 7960 10548 12 were be VBD 7960 10548 13 traders trader NNS 7960 10548 14 and and CC 7960 10548 15 artisans artisan NNS 7960 10548 16 instead instead RB 7960 10548 17 of of IN 7960 10548 18 farmers farmer NNS 7960 10548 19 . . . 7960 10549 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 10549 2 enjoyed enjoy VBD 7960 10549 3 no no DT 7960 10549 4 political political JJ 7960 10549 5 rights right NNS 7960 10549 6 , , , 7960 10549 7 for for IN 7960 10549 8 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10549 9 lord lord NNP 7960 10549 10 collected collect VBD 7960 10549 11 the the DT 7960 10549 12 taxes taxis NNS 7960 10549 13 , , , 7960 10549 14 appointed appoint VBN 7960 10549 15 officials official NNS 7960 10549 16 , , , 7960 10549 17 kept keep VBD 7960 10549 18 order order NN 7960 10549 19 , , , 7960 10549 20 and and CC 7960 10549 21 punished punish VBD 7960 10549 22 offenders offender NNS 7960 10549 23 . . . 7960 10550 1 In in IN 7960 10550 2 short short JJ 7960 10550 3 , , , 7960 10550 4 the the DT 7960 10550 5 city city NN 7960 10550 6 was be VBD 7960 10550 7 not not RB 7960 10550 8 free free JJ 7960 10550 9 . . . 7960 10551 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10551 2 Illustration illustration NN 7960 10551 3 : : : 7960 10551 4 WALLS WALLS JJR 7960 10551 5 OF of IN 7960 10551 6 CARCASSONNE carcassonne NN 7960 10551 7 The the DT 7960 10551 8 fortifications fortification NNS 7960 10551 9 of of IN 7960 10551 10 Carcassonne Carcassonne NNP 7960 10551 11 an an DT 7960 10551 12 ancient ancient JJ 7960 10551 13 city city NN 7960 10551 14 of of IN 7960 10551 15 southwestern southwestern JJ 7960 10551 16 France France NNP 7960 10551 17 are be VBP 7960 10551 18 probably probably RB 7960 10551 19 unique unique JJ 7960 10551 20 in in IN 7960 10551 21 Europe Europe NNP 7960 10551 22 for for IN 7960 10551 23 completeness completeness NN 7960 10551 24 and and CC 7960 10551 25 strength strength NN 7960 10551 26 . . . 7960 10552 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 10552 2 consist consist VBP 7960 10552 3 of of IN 7960 10552 4 a a DT 7960 10552 5 double double JJ 7960 10552 6 line line NN 7960 10552 7 of of IN 7960 10552 8 ramparts rampart NNS 7960 10552 9 protected protect VBN 7960 10552 10 by by IN 7960 10552 11 towers tower NNS 7960 10552 12 and and CC 7960 10552 13 pierced pierce VBN 7960 10552 14 by by IN 7960 10552 15 only only RB 7960 10552 16 two two CD 7960 10552 17 gates gate NNS 7960 10552 18 . . . 7960 10553 1 A a DT 7960 10553 2 part part NN 7960 10553 3 of of IN 7960 10553 4 the the DT 7960 10553 5 fortifications fortification NNS 7960 10553 6 is be VBZ 7960 10553 7 attributed attribute VBN 7960 10553 8 to to IN 7960 10553 9 the the DT 7960 10553 10 Visigoths Visigoths NNPS 7960 10553 11 in in IN 7960 10553 12 the the DT 7960 10553 13 sixth sixth JJ 7960 10553 14 century century NN 7960 10553 15 , , , 7960 10553 16 the the DT 7960 10553 17 remainder remainder NN 7960 10553 18 , , , 7960 10553 19 including include VBG 7960 10553 20 the the DT 7960 10553 21 castle castle NN 7960 10553 22 , , , 7960 10553 23 was be VBD 7960 10553 24 raised raise VBN 7960 10553 25 during during IN 7960 10553 26 the the DT 7960 10553 27 Middle Middle NNP 7960 10553 28 Ages Ages NNP 7960 10553 29 ( ( -LRB- 7960 10553 30 eleventh eleventh JJ 7960 10553 31 to to IN 7960 10553 32 thirteenth thirteenth JJ 7960 10553 33 centuries century NNS 7960 10553 34 ) ) -RRB- 7960 10553 35 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10553 36 REVOLT REVOLT NNP 7960 10553 37 OF of IN 7960 10553 38 THE the DT 7960 10553 39 CITIES city NNS 7960 10553 40 But but CC 7960 10553 41 the the DT 7960 10553 42 city city NN 7960 10553 43 from from IN 7960 10553 44 the the DT 7960 10553 45 first first JJ 7960 10553 46 was be VBD 7960 10553 47 the the DT 7960 10553 48 decided decided JJ 7960 10553 49 enemy enemy NN 7960 10553 50 of of IN 7960 10553 51 feudalism feudalism NN 7960 10553 52 . . . 7960 10554 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10554 2 2 2 LS 7960 10554 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10554 4 As as IN 7960 10554 5 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10554 6 inhabitants inhabitant NNS 7960 10554 7 increased increase VBD 7960 10554 8 in in IN 7960 10554 9 number number NN 7960 10554 10 and and CC 7960 10554 11 wealth wealth NN 7960 10554 12 , , , 7960 10554 13 they -PRON- PRP 7960 10554 14 became become VBD 7960 10554 15 Revolt Revolt NNP 7960 10554 16 of of IN 7960 10554 17 conscious conscious JJ 7960 10554 18 of of IN 7960 10554 19 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10554 20 strength strength NN 7960 10554 21 and and CC 7960 10554 22 refused refuse VBD 7960 10554 23 to to TO 7960 10554 24 submit submit VB 7960 10554 25 the the DT 7960 10554 26 cities city NNS 7960 10554 27 to to IN 7960 10554 28 oppression oppression NN 7960 10554 29 . . . 7960 10555 1 Sometimes sometimes RB 7960 10555 2 they -PRON- PRP 7960 10555 3 won win VBD 7960 10555 4 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10555 5 freedom freedom NN 7960 10555 6 by by IN 7960 10555 7 hard hard JJ 7960 10555 8 fighting fighting NN 7960 10555 9 , , , 7960 10555 10 more more RBR 7960 10555 11 often often RB 7960 10555 12 they -PRON- PRP 7960 10555 13 purchased purchase VBD 7960 10555 14 it -PRON- PRP 7960 10555 15 , , , 7960 10555 16 perhaps perhaps RB 7960 10555 17 from from IN 7960 10555 18 some some DT 7960 10555 19 noble noble JJ 7960 10555 20 who who WP 7960 10555 21 needed need VBD 7960 10555 22 money money NN 7960 10555 23 to to TO 7960 10555 24 go go VB 7960 10555 25 on on IN 7960 10555 26 a a DT 7960 10555 27 crusade crusade NN 7960 10555 28 . . . 7960 10556 1 In in IN 7960 10556 2 France France NNP 7960 10556 3 , , , 7960 10556 4 England England NNP 7960 10556 5 , , , 7960 10556 6 and and CC 7960 10556 7 Spain Spain NNP 7960 10556 8 , , , 7960 10556 9 where where WRB 7960 10556 10 the the DT 7960 10556 11 royal royal JJ 7960 10556 12 power power NN 7960 10556 13 was be VBD 7960 10556 14 strong strong JJ 7960 10556 15 , , , 7960 10556 16 the the DT 7960 10556 17 cities city NNS 7960 10556 18 obtained obtain VBD 7960 10556 19 exemption exemption NN 7960 10556 20 from from IN 7960 10556 21 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10556 22 feudal feudal JJ 7960 10556 23 burdens burden NNS 7960 10556 24 , , , 7960 10556 25 but but CC 7960 10556 26 did do VBD 7960 10556 27 not not RB 7960 10556 28 become become VB 7960 10556 29 entirely entirely RB 7960 10556 30 self self NN 7960 10556 31 - - HYPH 7960 10556 32 governing govern VBG 7960 10556 33 . . . 7960 10557 1 In in IN 7960 10557 2 Germany Germany NNP 7960 10557 3 and and CC 7960 10557 4 Italy Italy NNP 7960 10557 5 , , , 7960 10557 6 on on IN 7960 10557 7 the the DT 7960 10557 8 other other JJ 7960 10557 9 hand hand NN 7960 10557 10 , , , 7960 10557 11 the the DT 7960 10557 12 weakness weakness NN 7960 10557 13 of of IN 7960 10557 14 the the DT 7960 10557 15 central central JJ 7960 10557 16 government government NN 7960 10557 17 permitted permit VBD 7960 10557 18 many many JJ 7960 10557 19 cities city NNS 7960 10557 20 to to TO 7960 10557 21 secure secure VB 7960 10557 22 complete complete JJ 7960 10557 23 independence independence NN 7960 10557 24 . . . 7960 10558 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 10558 2 became become VBD 7960 10558 3 true true JJ 7960 10558 4 republics republic NNS 7960 10558 5 , , , 7960 10558 6 like like IN 7960 10558 7 the the DT 7960 10558 8 old old JJ 7960 10558 9 Greek greek JJ 7960 10558 10 city city NN 7960 10558 11 - - HYPH 7960 10558 12 states state NNS 7960 10558 13 . . . 7960 10559 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10559 2 3 3 LS 7960 10559 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10559 4 CHARTERS charter NNS 7960 10559 5 The the DT 7960 10559 6 contract contract NN 7960 10559 7 which which WDT 7960 10559 8 the the DT 7960 10559 9 citizens citizen NNS 7960 10559 10 extorted extort VBD 7960 10559 11 from from IN 7960 10559 12 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10559 13 lord lord NNP 7960 10559 14 was be VBD 7960 10559 15 known know VBN 7960 10559 16 as as IN 7960 10559 17 a a DT 7960 10559 18 charter charter NN 7960 10559 19 . . . 7960 10560 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 10560 2 specified specify VBD 7960 10560 3 what what WDT 7960 10560 4 taxes taxis NNS 7960 10560 5 they -PRON- PRP 7960 10560 6 should should MD 7960 10560 7 be be VB 7960 10560 8 required require VBN 7960 10560 9 to to TO 7960 10560 10 pay pay VB 7960 10560 11 and and CC 7960 10560 12 usually usually RB 7960 10560 13 granted grant VBN 7960 10560 14 to to IN 7960 10560 15 them -PRON- PRP 7960 10560 16 various various JJ 7960 10560 17 privileges privilege NNS 7960 10560 18 , , , 7960 10560 19 such such JJ 7960 10560 20 as as IN 7960 10560 21 those those DT 7960 10560 22 of of IN 7960 10560 23 holding hold VBG 7960 10560 24 assemblies assembly NNS 7960 10560 25 , , , 7960 10560 26 electing elect VBG 7960 10560 27 magistrates magistrate NNS 7960 10560 28 , , , 7960 10560 29 and and CC 7960 10560 30 raising raise VBG 7960 10560 31 militia militia NN 7960 10560 32 for for IN 7960 10560 33 local local JJ 7960 10560 34 defense defense NN 7960 10560 35 . . . 7960 10561 1 The the DT 7960 10561 2 revolt revolt NN 7960 10561 3 of of IN 7960 10561 4 the the DT 7960 10561 5 cities city NNS 7960 10561 6 gradually gradually RB 7960 10561 7 extended extend VBD 7960 10561 8 over over IN 7960 10561 9 all all DT 7960 10561 10 western western JJ 7960 10561 11 Europe Europe NNP 7960 10561 12 , , , 7960 10561 13 so so IN 7960 10561 14 that that IN 7960 10561 15 at at IN 7960 10561 16 the the DT 7960 10561 17 end end NN 7960 10561 18 of of IN 7960 10561 19 the the DT 7960 10561 20 fourteenth fourteenth JJ 7960 10561 21 century century NN 7960 10561 22 hardly hardly RB 7960 10561 23 any any DT 7960 10561 24 of of IN 7960 10561 25 them -PRON- PRP 7960 10561 26 lacked lack VBD 7960 10561 27 a a DT 7960 10561 28 charter charter NN 7960 10561 29 . . . 7960 10562 1 CIVIC CIVIC NNP 7960 10562 2 FREEDOM freedom NN 7960 10562 3 The the DT 7960 10562 4 free free JJ 7960 10562 5 city city NN 7960 10562 6 had have VBD 7960 10562 7 no no DT 7960 10562 8 room room NN 7960 10562 9 for for IN 7960 10562 10 either either DT 7960 10562 11 slaves slave NNS 7960 10562 12 or or CC 7960 10562 13 serfs serf NNS 7960 10562 14 . . . 7960 10563 1 All all DT 7960 10563 2 servile servile NN 7960 10563 3 conditions condition NNS 7960 10563 4 ceased cease VBD 7960 10563 5 inside inside IN 7960 10563 6 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10563 7 walls wall NNS 7960 10563 8 . . . 7960 10564 1 The the DT 7960 10564 2 rule rule NN 7960 10564 3 prevailed prevail VBD 7960 10564 4 that that IN 7960 10564 5 anyone anyone NN 7960 10564 6 who who WP 7960 10564 7 had have VBD 7960 10564 8 lived live VBN 7960 10564 9 in in IN 7960 10564 10 a a DT 7960 10564 11 city city NN 7960 10564 12 for for IN 7960 10564 13 the the DT 7960 10564 14 term term NN 7960 10564 15 of of IN 7960 10564 16 a a DT 7960 10564 17 year year NN 7960 10564 18 and and CC 7960 10564 19 a a DT 7960 10564 20 day day NN 7960 10564 21 could could MD 7960 10564 22 no no RB 7960 10564 23 longer longer RB 7960 10564 24 be be VB 7960 10564 25 claimed claim VBN 7960 10564 26 by by IN 7960 10564 27 a a DT 7960 10564 28 lord lord NNP 7960 10564 29 as as IN 7960 10564 30 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10564 31 serf serf NN 7960 10564 32 . . . 7960 10565 1 This this DT 7960 10565 2 rule rule NN 7960 10565 3 found find VBD 7960 10565 4 expression expression NN 7960 10565 5 in in IN 7960 10565 6 the the DT 7960 10565 7 famous famous JJ 7960 10565 8 saying saying NN 7960 10565 9 : : : 7960 10565 10 " " `` 7960 10565 11 Town town NN 7960 10565 12 air air NN 7960 10565 13 renders render NNS 7960 10565 14 free free JJ 7960 10565 15 . . . 7960 10565 16 " " '' 7960 10566 1 RISE RISE NNS 7960 10566 2 OF of IN 7960 10566 3 THE the DT 7960 10566 4 " " `` 7960 10566 5 THIRD THIRD NNP 7960 10566 6 ESTATE estate NN 7960 10566 7 " " '' 7960 10566 8 The the DT 7960 10566 9 freedom freedom NN 7960 10566 10 of of IN 7960 10566 11 the the DT 7960 10566 12 cities city NNS 7960 10566 13 naturally naturally RB 7960 10566 14 attracted attract VBD 7960 10566 15 many many JJ 7960 10566 16 immigrants immigrant NNS 7960 10566 17 to to IN 7960 10566 18 them -PRON- PRP 7960 10566 19 . . . 7960 10567 1 There there EX 7960 10567 2 came come VBD 7960 10567 3 into into IN 7960 10567 4 existence existence NN 7960 10567 5 a a DT 7960 10567 6 middle middle JJ 7960 10567 7 class class NN 7960 10567 8 of of IN 7960 10567 9 city city NN 7960 10567 10 people people NNS 7960 10567 11 , , , 7960 10567 12 between between IN 7960 10567 13 the the DT 7960 10567 14 nobles noble NNS 7960 10567 15 and and CC 7960 10567 16 clergy clergy NNS 7960 10567 17 on on IN 7960 10567 18 the the DT 7960 10567 19 one one CD 7960 10567 20 side side NN 7960 10567 21 and and CC 7960 10567 22 the the DT 7960 10567 23 peasants peasant NNS 7960 10567 24 on on IN 7960 10567 25 the the DT 7960 10567 26 other other JJ 7960 10567 27 side side NN 7960 10567 28 -- -- : 7960 10567 29 what what WP 7960 10567 30 the the DT 7960 10567 31 French french JJ 7960 10567 32 call call VBP 7960 10567 33 the the DT 7960 10567 34 _ _ NNP 7960 10567 35 bourgeoisie bourgeoisie NN 7960 10567 36 . . . 7960 10567 37 _ _ NNP 7960 10567 38 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10567 39 4 4 CD 7960 10567 40 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10567 41 As as IN 7960 10567 42 we -PRON- PRP 7960 10567 43 have have VBP 7960 10567 44 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10567 45 5 5 CD 7960 10567 46 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10567 47 learned learn VBN 7960 10567 48 , , , 7960 10567 49 the the DT 7960 10567 50 kings king NNS 7960 10567 51 of of IN 7960 10567 52 England England NNP 7960 10567 53 and and CC 7960 10567 54 France France NNP 7960 10567 55 soon soon RB 7960 10567 56 began begin VBD 7960 10567 57 to to IN 7960 10567 58 summon summon NNP 7960 10567 59 representatives representative NNS 7960 10567 60 of of IN 7960 10567 61 this this DT 7960 10567 62 middle middle JJ 7960 10567 63 class class NN 7960 10567 64 to to TO 7960 10567 65 sit sit VB 7960 10567 66 in in IN 7960 10567 67 assemblies assembly NNS 7960 10567 68 as as IN 7960 10567 69 the the DT 7960 10567 70 " " `` 7960 10567 71 third third JJ 7960 10567 72 estate estate NN 7960 10567 73 , , , 7960 10567 74 " " '' 7960 10567 75 by by IN 7960 10567 76 the the DT 7960 10567 77 side side NN 7960 10567 78 of of IN 7960 10567 79 the the DT 7960 10567 80 nobles noble NNS 7960 10567 81 and and CC 7960 10567 82 the the DT 7960 10567 83 clergy clergy NNS 7960 10567 84 , , , 7960 10567 85 who who WP 7960 10567 86 formed form VBD 7960 10567 87 the the DT 7960 10567 88 first first JJ 7960 10567 89 two two CD 7960 10567 90 estates estate NNS 7960 10567 91 . . . 7960 10568 1 Henceforth henceforth RB 7960 10568 2 the the DT 7960 10568 3 middle middle JJ 7960 10568 4 class class NN 7960 10568 5 , , , 7960 10568 6 the the DT 7960 10568 7 _ _ NNP 7960 10568 8 bourgeoisie bourgeoisie NN 7960 10568 9 , , , 7960 10568 10 _ _ NNP 7960 10568 11 the the DT 7960 10568 12 " " `` 7960 10568 13 third third JJ 7960 10568 14 estate estate NN 7960 10568 15 , , , 7960 10568 16 " " '' 7960 10568 17 distinguished distinguish VBN 7960 10568 18 as as IN 7960 10568 19 it -PRON- PRP 7960 10568 20 was be VBD 7960 10568 21 for for IN 7960 10568 22 wealth wealth NN 7960 10568 23 , , , 7960 10568 24 intelligence intelligence NN 7960 10568 25 , , , 7960 10568 26 and and CC 7960 10568 27 enterprise enterprise NN 7960 10568 28 , , , 7960 10568 29 exerted exert VBD 7960 10568 30 an an DT 7960 10568 31 ever ever RB 7960 10568 32 - - HYPH 7960 10568 33 greater great JJR 7960 10568 34 influence influence NN 7960 10568 35 on on IN 7960 10568 36 European european JJ 7960 10568 37 affairs affair NNS 7960 10568 38 . . . 7960 10569 1 * * NFP 7960 10569 2 * * NFP 7960 10569 3 * * NFP 7960 10569 4 * * NFP 7960 10569 5 * * NFP 7960 10569 6 193 193 CD 7960 10569 7 . . . 7960 10570 1 CITY CITY NNP 7960 10570 2 LIFE life NN 7960 10570 3 A a DT 7960 10570 4 CITY city NN 7960 10570 5 FROM from IN 7960 10570 6 WITHOUT without IN 7960 10570 7 The the DT 7960 10570 8 visitor visitor NN 7960 10570 9 approaching approach VBG 7960 10570 10 a a DT 7960 10570 11 medieval medieval JJ 7960 10570 12 city city NN 7960 10570 13 through through IN 7960 10570 14 miles mile NNS 7960 10570 15 of of IN 7960 10570 16 open open JJ 7960 10570 17 fields field NNS 7960 10570 18 saw see VBD 7960 10570 19 it -PRON- PRP 7960 10570 20 clear clear JJ 7960 10570 21 in in IN 7960 10570 22 the the DT 7960 10570 23 sunlight sunlight NN 7960 10570 24 , , , 7960 10570 25 unobscured unobscure VBN 7960 10570 26 by by IN 7960 10570 27 coal coal NN 7960 10570 28 smoke smoke NN 7960 10570 29 . . . 7960 10571 1 From from IN 7960 10571 2 without without IN 7960 10571 3 it -PRON- PRP 7960 10571 4 looked look VBD 7960 10571 5 like like IN 7960 10571 6 a a DT 7960 10571 7 fortress fortress NN 7960 10571 8 , , , 7960 10571 9 with with IN 7960 10571 10 walls wall NNS 7960 10571 11 , , , 7960 10571 12 towers tower NNS 7960 10571 13 , , , 7960 10571 14 gateways gateway NNS 7960 10571 15 , , , 7960 10571 16 drawbridges drawbridge NNS 7960 10571 17 , , , 7960 10571 18 and and CC 7960 10571 19 moat moat NN 7960 10571 20 . . . 7960 10572 1 Beyond beyond IN 7960 10572 2 the the DT 7960 10572 3 fortifications fortification NNS 7960 10572 4 he -PRON- PRP 7960 10572 5 would would MD 7960 10572 6 see see VB 7960 10572 7 , , , 7960 10572 8 huddled huddle VBD 7960 10572 9 together together RB 7960 10572 10 against against IN 7960 10572 11 the the DT 7960 10572 12 sky sky NN 7960 10572 13 , , , 7960 10572 14 the the DT 7960 10572 15 spires spire NNS 7960 10572 16 of of IN 7960 10572 17 the the DT 7960 10572 18 churches church NNS 7960 10572 19 and and CC 7960 10572 20 the the DT 7960 10572 21 cathedral cathedral NN 7960 10572 22 , , , 7960 10572 23 the the DT 7960 10572 24 roofs roof NNS 7960 10572 25 of of IN 7960 10572 26 the the DT 7960 10572 27 larger large JJR 7960 10572 28 houses house NNS 7960 10572 29 , , , 7960 10572 30 and and CC 7960 10572 31 the the DT 7960 10572 32 dark dark JJ 7960 10572 33 , , , 7960 10572 34 frowning frown VBG 7960 10572 35 mass mass NN 7960 10572 36 of of IN 7960 10572 37 the the DT 7960 10572 38 castle castle NN 7960 10572 39 . . . 7960 10573 1 The the DT 7960 10573 2 general general JJ 7960 10573 3 impression impression NN 7960 10573 4 would would MD 7960 10573 5 be be VB 7960 10573 6 one one CD 7960 10573 7 of of IN 7960 10573 8 wealth wealth NN 7960 10573 9 and and CC 7960 10573 10 strength strength NN 7960 10573 11 and and CC 7960 10573 12 beauty beauty NN 7960 10573 13 . . . 7960 10574 1 A a DT 7960 10574 2 CITY city NN 7960 10574 3 FROM from IN 7960 10574 4 WITHIN WITHIN NNP 7960 10574 5 Once once RB 7960 10574 6 within within IN 7960 10574 7 the the DT 7960 10574 8 walls wall NNS 7960 10574 9 the the DT 7960 10574 10 visitor visitor NN 7960 10574 11 would would MD 7960 10574 12 not not RB 7960 10574 13 find find VB 7960 10574 14 things thing NNS 7960 10574 15 so so RB 7960 10574 16 attractive attractive JJ 7960 10574 17 . . . 7960 10575 1 The the DT 7960 10575 2 streets street NNS 7960 10575 3 were be VBD 7960 10575 4 narrow narrow JJ 7960 10575 5 , , , 7960 10575 6 crooked crooked JJ 7960 10575 7 , , , 7960 10575 8 and and CC 7960 10575 9 ill ill RB 7960 10575 10 - - HYPH 7960 10575 11 paved paved JJ 7960 10575 12 , , , 7960 10575 13 dark dark JJ 7960 10575 14 during during IN 7960 10575 15 the the DT 7960 10575 16 day day NN 7960 10575 17 because because IN 7960 10575 18 of of IN 7960 10575 19 the the DT 7960 10575 20 overhanging overhang VBG 7960 10575 21 houses house NNS 7960 10575 22 , , , 7960 10575 23 and and CC 7960 10575 24 without without IN 7960 10575 25 illumination illumination NN 7960 10575 26 at at IN 7960 10575 27 night night NN 7960 10575 28 . . . 7960 10576 1 There there EX 7960 10576 2 were be VBD 7960 10576 3 no no DT 7960 10576 4 open open JJ 7960 10576 5 spaces space NNS 7960 10576 6 or or CC 7960 10576 7 parks park NNS 7960 10576 8 except except IN 7960 10576 9 a a DT 7960 10576 10 small small JJ 7960 10576 11 market market NN 7960 10576 12 place place NN 7960 10576 13 . . . 7960 10577 1 The the DT 7960 10577 2 whole whole JJ 7960 10577 3 city city NN 7960 10577 4 was be VBD 7960 10577 5 cramped cramp VBN 7960 10577 6 by by IN 7960 10577 7 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10577 8 walls wall NNS 7960 10577 9 , , , 7960 10577 10 which which WDT 7960 10577 11 shut shut VBD 7960 10577 12 out out RP 7960 10577 13 light light NN 7960 10577 14 , , , 7960 10577 15 air air NN 7960 10577 16 , , , 7960 10577 17 and and CC 7960 10577 18 view view NN 7960 10577 19 , , , 7960 10577 20 and and CC 7960 10577 21 prevented prevent VBD 7960 10577 22 expansion expansion NN 7960 10577 23 into into IN 7960 10577 24 the the DT 7960 10577 25 neighboring neighbor VBG 7960 10577 26 country country NN 7960 10577 27 . . . 7960 10578 1 Medieval medieval JJ 7960 10578 2 London London NNP 7960 10578 3 , , , 7960 10578 4 for for IN 7960 10578 5 instance instance NN 7960 10578 6 , , , 7960 10578 7 covered cover VBD 7960 10578 8 an an DT 7960 10578 9 area area NN 7960 10578 10 of of IN 7960 10578 11 less less JJR 7960 10578 12 than than IN 7960 10578 13 one one CD 7960 10578 14 square square JJ 7960 10578 15 mile mile NN 7960 10578 16 . . . 7960 10579 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10579 2 6 6 CD 7960 10579 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10579 4 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10579 5 Illustration illustration NN 7960 10579 6 : : : 7960 10579 7 A a DT 7960 10579 8 SCENE SCENE NNP 7960 10579 9 IN in IN 7960 10579 10 ROTHENBURG ROTHENBURG NNP 7960 10579 11 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10579 12 UNSANITARY UNSANITARY NNP 7960 10579 13 CONDITIONS conditions NN 7960 10579 14 A a DT 7960 10579 15 city city NN 7960 10579 16 in in IN 7960 10579 17 the the DT 7960 10579 18 Middle Middle NNP 7960 10579 19 Ages Ages NNPS 7960 10579 20 lacked lack VBD 7960 10579 21 all all DT 7960 10579 22 sanitary sanitary JJ 7960 10579 23 arrangements arrangement NNS 7960 10579 24 . . . 7960 10580 1 The the DT 7960 10580 2 only only JJ 7960 10580 3 water water NN 7960 10580 4 supply supply NN 7960 10580 5 came come VBD 7960 10580 6 from from IN 7960 10580 7 polluted polluted JJ 7960 10580 8 streams stream NNS 7960 10580 9 and and CC 7960 10580 10 wells well NNS 7960 10580 11 . . . 7960 10581 1 There there EX 7960 10581 2 were be VBD 7960 10581 3 no no DT 7960 10581 4 sewers sewer NNS 7960 10581 5 and and CC 7960 10581 6 no no DT 7960 10581 7 sidewalks sidewalk NNS 7960 10581 8 . . . 7960 10582 1 People People NNS 7960 10582 2 piled pile VBD 7960 10582 3 up up RP 7960 10582 4 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10582 5 refuse refuse NN 7960 10582 6 in in IN 7960 10582 7 the the DT 7960 10582 8 backyard backyard NN 7960 10582 9 or or CC 7960 10582 10 flung fling VBD 7960 10582 11 it -PRON- PRP 7960 10582 12 into into IN 7960 10582 13 the the DT 7960 10582 14 street street NN 7960 10582 15 , , , 7960 10582 16 to to TO 7960 10582 17 be be VB 7960 10582 18 devoured devour VBN 7960 10582 19 by by IN 7960 10582 20 the the DT 7960 10582 21 dogs dog NNS 7960 10582 22 and and CC 7960 10582 23 pigs pig NNS 7960 10582 24 which which WDT 7960 10582 25 served serve VBD 7960 10582 26 as as IN 7960 10582 27 scavengers scavenger NNS 7960 10582 28 . . . 7960 10583 1 The the DT 7960 10583 2 holes hole NNS 7960 10583 3 in in IN 7960 10583 4 the the DT 7960 10583 5 pavement pavement NN 7960 10583 6 collected collect VBD 7960 10583 7 all all DT 7960 10583 8 manner manner NN 7960 10583 9 of of IN 7960 10583 10 filth filth NN 7960 10583 11 , , , 7960 10583 12 and and CC 7960 10583 13 the the DT 7960 10583 14 unpaved unpaved JJ 7960 10583 15 lanes lane NNS 7960 10583 16 , , , 7960 10583 17 in in IN 7960 10583 18 wet wet JJ 7960 10583 19 weather weather NN 7960 10583 20 , , , 7960 10583 21 became become VBD 7960 10583 22 deep deep JJ 7960 10583 23 pits pit NNS 7960 10583 24 of of IN 7960 10583 25 mud mud NN 7960 10583 26 . . . 7960 10584 1 We -PRON- PRP 7960 10584 2 can can MD 7960 10584 3 understand understand VB 7960 10584 4 why why WRB 7960 10584 5 the the DT 7960 10584 6 townspeople townspeople NN 7960 10584 7 wore wear VBD 7960 10584 8 overshoes overshoe NNS 7960 10584 9 when when WRB 7960 10584 10 they -PRON- PRP 7960 10584 11 went go VBD 7960 10584 12 out out RP 7960 10584 13 , , , 7960 10584 14 and and CC 7960 10584 15 why why WRB 7960 10584 16 even even RB 7960 10584 17 the the DT 7960 10584 18 saints saint NNS 7960 10584 19 in in IN 7960 10584 20 the the DT 7960 10584 21 pictures picture NNS 7960 10584 22 were be VBD 7960 10584 23 represented represent VBN 7960 10584 24 with with IN 7960 10584 25 them -PRON- PRP 7960 10584 26 on on RP 7960 10584 27 . . . 7960 10585 1 The the DT 7960 10585 2 living living NN 7960 10585 3 were be VBD 7960 10585 4 crowded crowd VBN 7960 10585 5 together together RB 7960 10585 6 in in IN 7960 10585 7 many many JJ 7960 10585 8 - - HYPH 7960 10585 9 storied story VBN 7960 10585 10 houses house NNS 7960 10585 11 , , , 7960 10585 12 airless airless NN 7960 10585 13 and and CC 7960 10585 14 gloomy gloomy JJ 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decide VBD 7960 10589 6 how how WRB 7960 10589 7 many many JJ 7960 10589 8 guests guest NNS 7960 10589 9 might may MD 7960 10589 10 be be VB 7960 10589 11 invited invite VBN 7960 10589 12 to to IN 7960 10589 13 weddings wedding NNS 7960 10589 14 , , , 7960 10589 15 how how WRB 7960 10589 16 much much JJ 7960 10589 17 might may MD 7960 10589 18 be be VB 7960 10589 19 spent spend VBN 7960 10589 20 on on IN 7960 10589 21 wedding wedding NN 7960 10589 22 presents present NNS 7960 10589 23 , , , 7960 10589 24 what what WDT 7960 10589 25 different different JJ 7960 10589 26 garments garment NNS 7960 10589 27 might may MD 7960 10589 28 be be VB 7960 10589 29 owned own VBN 7960 10589 30 and and CC 7960 10589 31 worn wear VBN 7960 10589 32 by by IN 7960 10589 33 a a DT 7960 10589 34 citizen citizen NN 7960 10589 35 , , , 7960 10589 36 and and CC 7960 10589 37 even even RB 7960 10589 38 the the DT 7960 10589 39 number number NN 7960 10589 40 of of IN 7960 10589 41 trees tree NNS 7960 10589 42 that that WDT 7960 10589 43 might may MD 7960 10589 44 be be VB 7960 10589 45 planted plant VBN 7960 10589 46 in in IN 7960 10589 47 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10589 48 garden garden NN 7960 10589 49 . . . 7960 10590 1 Each each DT 7960 10590 2 citizen citizen NN 7960 10590 3 had have VBD 7960 10590 4 to to TO 7960 10590 5 serve serve VB 7960 10590 6 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10590 7 turn turn NN 7960 10590 8 as as IN 7960 10590 9 watchman watchman NN 7960 10590 10 on on IN 7960 10590 11 the the DT 7960 10590 12 walls wall NNS 7960 10590 13 or or CC 7960 10590 14 in in IN 7960 10590 15 the the DT 7960 10590 16 streets street NNS 7960 10590 17 at at IN 7960 10590 18 night night NN 7960 10590 19 . . . 7960 10591 1 When when WRB 7960 10591 2 the the DT 7960 10591 3 great great JJ 7960 10591 4 bell bell NN 7960 10591 5 in in IN 7960 10591 6 the the DT 7960 10591 7 belfry belfry NNP 7960 10591 8 rang rang NNP 7960 10591 9 the the DT 7960 10591 10 " " `` 7960 10591 11 curfew curfew NN 7960 10591 12 , , , 7960 10591 13 " " '' 7960 10591 14 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10591 15 7 7 CD 7960 10591 16 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10591 17 at at IN 7960 10591 18 eight eight CD 7960 10591 19 or or CC 7960 10591 20 nine nine CD 7960 10591 21 o'clock o'clock NN 7960 10591 22 , , , 7960 10591 23 this this DT 7960 10591 24 was be VBD 7960 10591 25 the the DT 7960 10591 26 signal signal NN 7960 10591 27 for for IN 7960 10591 28 every every DT 7960 10591 29 one one CD 7960 10591 30 to to TO 7960 10591 31 extinguish extinguish VB 7960 10591 32 lights light NNS 7960 10591 33 and and CC 7960 10591 34 fires fire NNS 7960 10591 35 and and CC 7960 10591 36 go go VB 7960 10591 37 to to IN 7960 10591 38 bed bed NN 7960 10591 39 . . . 7960 10592 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 10592 2 was be VBD 7960 10592 3 a a DT 7960 10592 4 useful useful JJ 7960 10592 5 precaution precaution NN 7960 10592 6 , , , 7960 10592 7 since since IN 7960 10592 8 conflagrations conflagration NNS 7960 10592 9 were be VBD 7960 10592 10 common common JJ 7960 10592 11 enough enough RB 7960 10592 12 in in IN 7960 10592 13 the the DT 7960 10592 14 densely densely RB 7960 10592 15 packed packed JJ 7960 10592 16 wooden wooden JJ 7960 10592 17 houses house NNS 7960 10592 18 . . . 7960 10593 1 After after IN 7960 10593 2 curfew curfew NN 7960 10593 3 the the DT 7960 10593 4 streets street NNS 7960 10593 5 became become VBD 7960 10593 6 deserted desert VBN 7960 10593 7 , , , 7960 10593 8 except except IN 7960 10593 9 for for IN 7960 10593 10 the the DT 7960 10593 11 night night NN 7960 10593 12 watch watch NN 7960 10593 13 making make VBG 7960 10593 14 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10593 15 rounds round NNS 7960 10593 16 and and CC 7960 10593 17 the the DT 7960 10593 18 presence presence NN 7960 10593 19 of of IN 7960 10593 20 occasional occasional JJ 7960 10593 21 pedestrians pedestrian NNS 7960 10593 22 carrying carry VBG 7960 10593 23 lanterns lantern NNS 7960 10593 24 . . . 7960 10594 1 The the DT 7960 10594 2 municipal municipal JJ 7960 10594 3 government government NN 7960 10594 4 spent spend VBD 7960 10594 5 little little JJ 7960 10594 6 or or CC 7960 10594 7 nothing nothing NN 7960 10594 8 on on IN 7960 10594 9 police police NN 7960 10594 10 protection protection NN 7960 10594 11 , , , 7960 10594 12 so so IN 7960 10594 13 that that IN 7960 10594 14 street street NN 7960 10594 15 brawls brawl NNS 7960 10594 16 , , , 7960 10594 17 and and CC 7960 10594 18 even even RB 7960 10594 19 robbery robbery NN 7960 10594 20 and and CC 7960 10594 21 murder murder NN 7960 10594 22 , , , 7960 10594 23 were be VBD 7960 10594 24 not not RB 7960 10594 25 infrequent infrequent JJ 7960 10594 26 . . . 7960 10595 1 PUBLIC PUBLIC NNS 7960 10595 2 BUILDINGS building NNS 7960 10595 3 The the DT 7960 10595 4 inhabitants inhabitant NNS 7960 10595 5 of of IN 7960 10595 6 the the DT 7960 10595 7 city city NN 7960 10595 8 took take VBD 7960 10595 9 a a DT 7960 10595 10 just just JJ 7960 10595 11 pride pride NN 7960 10595 12 in in IN 7960 10595 13 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10595 14 public public JJ 7960 10595 15 buildings building NNS 7960 10595 16 . . . 7960 10596 1 The the DT 7960 10596 2 market market NN 7960 10596 3 place place NN 7960 10596 4 , , , 7960 10596 5 where where WRB 7960 10596 6 traders trader NNS 7960 10596 7 assembled assemble VBD 7960 10596 8 , , , 7960 10596 9 often often RB 7960 10596 10 contained contain VBD 7960 10596 11 a a DT 7960 10596 12 beautiful beautiful JJ 7960 10596 13 cross cross NN 7960 10596 14 and and CC 7960 10596 15 sometimes sometimes RB 7960 10596 16 a a DT 7960 10596 17 market market NN 7960 10596 18 hall hall NN 7960 10596 19 to to TO 7960 10596 20 shelter shelter VB 7960 10596 21 goods good NNS 7960 10596 22 from from IN 7960 10596 23 the the DT 7960 10596 24 weather weather NN 7960 10596 25 . . . 7960 10597 1 Not not RB 7960 10597 2 far far RB 7960 10597 3 away away RB 7960 10597 4 rose rise VBD 7960 10597 5 the the DT 7960 10597 6 city city NN 7960 10597 7 hall hall NN 7960 10597 8 , , , 7960 10597 9 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10597 10 8 8 CD 7960 10597 11 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10597 12 for for IN 7960 10597 13 the the DT 7960 10597 14 transaction transaction NN 7960 10597 15 of of IN 7960 10597 16 public public JJ 7960 10597 17 business business NN 7960 10597 18 and and CC 7960 10597 19 the the DT 7960 10597 20 holding holding NN 7960 10597 21 of of IN 7960 10597 22 civic civic JJ 7960 10597 23 feasts feast NNS 7960 10597 24 . . . 7960 10598 1 The the DT 7960 10598 2 hall hall NN 7960 10598 3 might may MD 7960 10598 4 be be VB 7960 10598 5 crowned crown VBN 7960 10598 6 by by IN 7960 10598 7 a a DT 7960 10598 8 high high JJ 7960 10598 9 belfry belfry NN 7960 10598 10 with with IN 7960 10598 11 an an DT 7960 10598 12 alarm alarm NN 7960 10598 13 bell bell NN 7960 10598 14 to to IN 7960 10598 15 summon summon NNP 7960 10598 16 citizens citizen NNS 7960 10598 17 to to IN 7960 10598 18 mass mass NN 7960 10598 19 meeting meeting NN 7960 10598 20 . . . 7960 10599 1 Then then RB 7960 10599 2 there there EX 7960 10599 3 would would MD 7960 10599 4 be be VB 7960 10599 5 a a DT 7960 10599 6 number number NN 7960 10599 7 of of IN 7960 10599 8 churches church NNS 7960 10599 9 and and CC 7960 10599 10 abbeys abbey NNS 7960 10599 11 and and CC 7960 10599 12 , , , 7960 10599 13 if if IN 7960 10599 14 the the DT 7960 10599 15 city city NN 7960 10599 16 was be VBD 7960 10599 17 the the DT 7960 10599 18 capital capital NN 7960 10599 19 of of IN 7960 10599 20 a a DT 7960 10599 21 bishop bishop NN 7960 10599 22 's 's POS 7960 10599 23 diocese diocese NN 7960 10599 24 , , , 7960 10599 25 an an DT 7960 10599 26 imposing impose VBG 7960 10599 27 cathedral cathedral NN 7960 10599 28 . . . 7960 10600 1 MUNICIPAL MUNICIPAL NNP 7960 10600 2 GOVERNMENT GOVERNMENT VBD 7960 10600 3 The the DT 7960 10600 4 small small JJ 7960 10600 5 size size NN 7960 10600 6 of of IN 7960 10600 7 medieval medieval JJ 7960 10600 8 cities city NNS 7960 10600 9 -- -- : 7960 10600 10 few few JJ 7960 10600 11 included include VBD 7960 10600 12 as as RB 7960 10600 13 many many JJ 7960 10600 14 as as IN 7960 10600 15 ten ten CD 7960 10600 16 thousand thousand CD 7960 10600 17 inhabitants inhabitant NNS 7960 10600 18 -- -- : 7960 10600 19 simplified simplify VBD 7960 10600 20 the the DT 7960 10600 21 problem problem NN 7960 10600 22 of of IN 7960 10600 23 governing govern VBG 7960 10600 24 them -PRON- PRP 7960 10600 25 . . . 7960 10601 1 The the DT 7960 10601 2 leading lead VBG 7960 10601 3 merchants merchant NNS 7960 10601 4 usually usually RB 7960 10601 5 formed form VBD 7960 10601 6 a a DT 7960 10601 7 council council NN 7960 10601 8 presided preside VBN 7960 10601 9 over over RP 7960 10601 10 by by IN 7960 10601 11 a a DT 7960 10601 12 head head NN 7960 10601 13 magistrate magistrate NN 7960 10601 14 , , , 7960 10601 15 the the DT 7960 10601 16 burgomaster burgomaster NN 7960 10601 17 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10601 18 9 9 CD 7960 10601 19 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10601 20 or or CC 7960 10601 21 mayor mayor NN 7960 10601 22 , , , 7960 10601 23 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10601 24 10 10 CD 7960 10601 25 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10601 26 who who WP 7960 10601 27 was be VBD 7960 10601 28 assisted assist VBN 7960 10601 29 by by IN 7960 10601 30 aldermen alderman NNS 7960 10601 31 . . . 7960 10602 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10602 2 11 11 CD 7960 10602 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10602 4 In in IN 7960 10602 5 some some DT 7960 10602 6 places place NNS 7960 10602 7 the the DT 7960 10602 8 guilds guild NNS 7960 10602 9 chose choose VBD 7960 10602 10 the the DT 7960 10602 11 officials official NNS 7960 10602 12 and and CC 7960 10602 13 managed manage VBN 7960 10602 14 civic civic JJ 7960 10602 15 affairs affair NNS 7960 10602 16 . . . 7960 10603 1 These these DT 7960 10603 2 associations association NNS 7960 10603 3 had have VBD 7960 10603 4 many many JJ 7960 10603 5 functions function NNS 7960 10603 6 and and CC 7960 10603 7 held hold VBD 7960 10603 8 a a DT 7960 10603 9 most most RBS 7960 10603 10 important important JJ 7960 10603 11 place place NN 7960 10603 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whose WP$ 7960 10605 35 members member NNS 7960 10605 36 made make VBD 7960 10605 37 contributions contribution NNS 7960 10605 38 for for IN 7960 10605 39 some some DT 7960 10605 40 common common JJ 7960 10605 41 purpose purpose NN 7960 10605 42 . . . 7960 10606 1 This this DT 7960 10606 2 form form NN 7960 10606 3 Of of IN 7960 10606 4 association association NN 7960 10606 5 is be VBZ 7960 10606 6 very very RB 7960 10606 7 old old JJ 7960 10606 8 . . . 7960 10607 1 Some some DT 7960 10607 2 of of IN 7960 10607 3 the the DT 7960 10607 4 guilds guild NNS 7960 10607 5 in in IN 7960 10607 6 imperial imperial JJ 7960 10607 7 Rome Rome NNP 7960 10607 8 had have VBD 7960 10607 9 been be VBN 7960 10607 10 established establish VBN 7960 10607 11 in in IN 7960 10607 12 the the DT 7960 10607 13 age age NN 7960 10607 14 of of IN 7960 10607 15 the the DT 7960 10607 16 kings king NNS 7960 10607 17 , , , 7960 10607 18 while while IN 7960 10607 19 not not RB 7960 10607 20 a a DT 7960 10607 21 few few 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10608 19 prominent prominent JJ 7960 10608 20 till till IN 7960 10608 21 after after IN 7960 10608 22 the the DT 7960 10608 23 crusades crusade NNS 7960 10608 24 . . . 7960 10609 1 MERCHANT merchant NN 7960 10609 2 GUILDS guilds VBP 7960 10609 3 A a DT 7960 10609 4 guild guild NN 7960 10609 5 of of IN 7960 10609 6 merchants merchant NNS 7960 10609 7 grew grow VBD 7960 10609 8 up up RP 7960 10609 9 when when WRB 7960 10609 10 those those DT 7960 10609 11 who who WP 7960 10609 12 bought buy VBD 7960 10609 13 and and CC 7960 10609 14 sold sell VBD 7960 10609 15 goods good NNS 7960 10609 16 in in IN 7960 10609 17 any any DT 7960 10609 18 place place NN 7960 10609 19 united unite VBN 7960 10609 20 to to TO 7960 10609 21 protect protect VB 7960 10609 22 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10609 23 own own JJ 7960 10609 24 interests interest NNS 7960 10609 25 . . . 7960 10610 1 The the DT 7960 10610 2 membership membership NN 7960 10610 3 included include VBD 7960 10610 4 many many JJ 7960 10610 5 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10613 8 buy buy VB 7960 10613 9 or or CC 7960 10613 10 sell sell VB 7960 10613 11 there there RB 7960 10613 12 except except IN 7960 10613 13 under under IN 7960 10613 14 the the DT 7960 10613 15 conditions condition NNS 7960 10613 16 imposed impose VBN 7960 10613 17 by by IN 7960 10613 18 the the DT 7960 10613 19 guild guild NN 7960 10613 20 . . . 7960 10614 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 10614 2 must must MD 7960 10614 3 pay pay VB 7960 10614 4 the the DT 7960 10614 5 town town NN 7960 10614 6 tolls toll NNS 7960 10614 7 , , , 7960 10614 8 confine confine VBP 7960 10614 9 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10614 10 dealings dealing NNS 7960 10614 11 to to IN 7960 10614 12 guildsmen guildsman NNS 7960 10614 13 , , , 7960 10614 14 and and CC 7960 10614 15 as as IN 7960 10614 16 a a DT 7960 10614 17 rule rule NN 7960 10614 18 sell sell VBP 7960 10614 19 only only RB 7960 10614 20 at at IN 7960 10614 21 wholesale wholesale NN 7960 10614 22 . . . 7960 10615 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 10615 2 were be VBD 7960 10615 3 forbidden forbid VBN 7960 10615 4 to to TO 7960 10615 5 purchase purchase VB 7960 10615 6 wares ware NNS 7960 10615 7 which which WDT 7960 10615 8 the the DT 7960 10615 9 townspeople townspeople NN 7960 10615 10 wanted want VBD 7960 10615 11 for for IN 7960 10615 12 themselves -PRON- PRP 7960 10615 13 or or CC 7960 10615 14 to to TO 7960 10615 15 set set VB 7960 10615 16 up up RP 7960 10615 17 shops shop NNS 7960 10615 18 for for IN 7960 10615 19 retail retail JJ 7960 10615 20 trade trade NN 7960 10615 21 . . . 7960 10616 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 10616 2 enjoyed enjoy VBD 7960 10616 3 more more JJR 7960 10616 4 freedom freedom NN 7960 10616 5 at at IN 7960 10616 6 fairs fair NNS 7960 10616 7 , , , 7960 10616 8 which which WDT 7960 10616 9 were be VBD 7960 10616 10 intended intend VBN 7960 10616 11 to to TO 7960 10616 12 attract attract VB 7960 10616 13 outsiders outsider NNS 7960 10616 14 . . . 7960 10617 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10617 2 Illustration illustration NN 7960 10617 3 : : : 7960 10617 4 HOUSE house NN 7960 10617 5 OF of IN 7960 10617 6 THE the DT 7960 10617 7 BUTCHERS butcher NNS 7960 10617 8 ' ' POS 7960 10617 9 GUILD GUILD NNP 7960 10617 10 , , , 7960 10617 11 HILDESHEIM HILDESHEIM NNP 7960 10617 12 , , , 7960 10617 13 GERMANY GERMANY NNP 7960 10617 14 Hildesheim Hildesheim NNP 7960 10617 15 , , , 7960 10617 16 near near IN 7960 10617 17 Hanover Hanover NNP 7960 10617 18 , , , 7960 10617 19 is be VBZ 7960 10617 20 perhaps perhaps RB 7960 10617 21 the the DT 7960 10617 22 richest rich JJS 7960 10617 23 of of IN 7960 10617 24 all all DT 7960 10617 25 German german JJ 7960 10617 26 towns town NNS 7960 10617 27 in in IN 7960 10617 28 fine fine JJ 7960 10617 29 wooden wooden RB 7960 10617 30 - - HYPH 7960 10617 31 framed frame VBN 7960 10617 32 houses house NNS 7960 10617 33 . . . 7960 10618 1 The the DT 7960 10618 2 house house NN 7960 10618 3 of of IN 7960 10618 4 the the DT 7960 10618 5 Butchers Butchers NNPS 7960 10618 6 ' ' POS 7960 10618 7 Guild Guild NNP 7960 10618 8 has have VBZ 7960 10618 9 recently recently RB 7960 10618 10 been be VBN 7960 10618 11 restored restore VBN 7960 10618 12 , , , 7960 10618 13 with with IN 7960 10618 14 all all PDT 7960 10618 15 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10618 16 original original JJ 7960 10618 17 coloring coloring NN 7960 10618 18 carefully carefully RB 7960 10618 19 reproduced reproduce VBN 7960 10618 20 . . . 7960 10618 21 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10619 1 CRAFT CRAFT NNP 7960 10619 2 GUILDS guilds NN 7960 10619 3 After after IN 7960 10619 4 a a DT 7960 10619 5 time time NN 7960 10619 6 the the DT 7960 10619 7 traders trader NNS 7960 10619 8 and and CC 7960 10619 9 artisans artisan NNS 7960 10619 10 engaged engage VBD 7960 10619 11 in in IN 7960 10619 12 a a DT 7960 10619 13 particular particular JJ 7960 10619 14 occupation occupation NN 7960 10619 15 began begin VBD 7960 10619 16 to to TO 7960 10619 17 form form VB 7960 10619 18 an an DT 7960 10619 19 association association NN 7960 10619 20 of of IN 7960 10619 21 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10619 22 own own JJ 7960 10619 23 . . . 7960 10620 1 Thus thus RB 7960 10620 2 arose arise VBD 7960 10620 3 the the DT 7960 10620 4 craft craft NN 7960 10620 5 guilds guild NNS 7960 10620 6 , , , 7960 10620 7 composed compose VBN 7960 10620 8 of of IN 7960 10620 9 weavers weaver NNS 7960 10620 10 , , , 7960 10620 11 shoemakers shoemaker NNS 7960 10620 12 , , , 7960 10620 13 bakers baker NNS 7960 10620 14 , , , 7960 10620 15 tailors tailor NNS 7960 10620 16 , , , 7960 10620 17 carpenters carpenter NNS 7960 10620 18 , , , 7960 10620 19 and and CC 7960 10620 20 so so RB 7960 10620 21 on on RB 7960 10620 22 , , , 7960 10620 23 until until IN 7960 10620 24 almost almost RB 7960 10620 25 every every DT 7960 10620 26 form form NN 7960 10620 27 of of IN 7960 10620 28 industry industry NN 7960 10620 29 had have VBD 7960 10620 30 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10620 31 separate separate JJ 7960 10620 32 organization organization NN 7960 10620 33 . . . 7960 10621 1 The the DT 7960 10621 2 names name NNS 7960 10621 3 of of IN 7960 10621 4 the the DT 7960 10621 5 various various JJ 7960 10621 6 occupations occupation NNS 7960 10621 7 came come VBD 7960 10621 8 to to TO 7960 10621 9 be be VB 7960 10621 10 used use VBN 7960 10621 11 as as IN 7960 10621 12 the the DT 7960 10621 13 surnames surname NNS 7960 10621 14 of of IN 7960 10621 15 those those DT 7960 10621 16 engaged engage VBN 7960 10621 17 in in IN 7960 10621 18 them -PRON- PRP 7960 10621 19 , , , 7960 10621 20 so so IN 7960 10621 21 that that IN 7960 10621 22 to to IN 7960 10621 23 - - HYPH 7960 10621 24 day day NN 7960 10621 25 we -PRON- PRP 7960 10621 26 have have VBP 7960 10621 27 such such JJ 7960 10621 28 common common JJ 7960 10621 29 family family NN 7960 10621 30 names name NNS 7960 10621 31 as as IN 7960 10621 32 Smith Smith NNP 7960 10621 33 , , , 7960 10621 34 Cooper Cooper NNP 7960 10621 35 , , , 7960 10621 36 Fuller Fuller NNP 7960 10621 37 , , , 7960 10621 38 Potter Potter NNP 7960 10621 39 , , , 7960 10621 40 Chandler Chandler NNP 7960 10621 41 , , , 7960 10621 42 and and CC 7960 10621 43 many many JJ 7960 10621 44 others other NNS 7960 10621 45 . . . 7960 10622 1 The the DT 7960 10622 2 number number NN 7960 10622 3 of of IN 7960 10622 4 craft craft NN 7960 10622 5 guilds guild NNS 7960 10622 6 in in IN 7960 10622 7 an an DT 7960 10622 8 important important JJ 7960 10622 9 city city NN 7960 10622 10 might may MD 7960 10622 11 be be VB 7960 10622 12 very very RB 7960 10622 13 large large JJ 7960 10622 14 . . . 7960 10623 1 London London NNP 7960 10623 2 and and CC 7960 10623 3 Paris Paris NNP 7960 10623 4 at at IN 7960 10623 5 one one CD 7960 10623 6 time time NN 7960 10623 7 each each DT 7960 10623 8 had have VBD 7960 10623 9 more more JJR 7960 10623 10 than than IN 7960 10623 11 one one CD 7960 10623 12 hundred hundred CD 7960 10623 13 , , , 7960 10623 14 and and CC 7960 10623 15 Cologne Cologne NNP 7960 10623 16 in in IN 7960 10623 17 Germany Germany NNP 7960 10623 18 had have VBD 7960 10623 19 as as RB 7960 10623 20 many many JJ 7960 10623 21 as as IN 7960 10623 22 eighty eighty CD 7960 10623 23 . . . 7960 10624 1 The the DT 7960 10624 2 members member NNS 7960 10624 3 of of IN 7960 10624 4 a a DT 7960 10624 5 particular particular JJ 7960 10624 6 guild guild NN 7960 10624 7 usually usually RB 7960 10624 8 lived live VBD 7960 10624 9 in in IN 7960 10624 10 the the DT 7960 10624 11 same same JJ 7960 10624 12 street street NN 7960 10624 13 or or CC 7960 10624 14 quarter quarter NN 7960 10624 15 of of IN 7960 10624 16 the the DT 7960 10624 17 city city NN 7960 10624 18 , , , 7960 10624 19 not not RB 7960 10624 20 only only RB 7960 10624 21 for for IN 7960 10624 22 companionship companionship NN 7960 10624 23 but but CC 7960 10624 24 also also RB 7960 10624 25 for for IN 7960 10624 26 better well JJR 7960 10624 27 supervision supervision NN 7960 10624 28 of of IN 7960 10624 29 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10624 30 labor labor NN 7960 10624 31 . . . 7960 10625 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10625 2 12 12 CD 7960 10625 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10625 4 INDUSTRIAL INDUSTRIAL NNS 7960 10625 5 MONOPOLY MONOPOLY NNS 7960 10625 6 Just just RB 7960 10625 7 as as IN 7960 10625 8 the the DT 7960 10625 9 merchant merchant NN 7960 10625 10 guild guild NN 7960 10625 11 regulated regulate VBD 7960 10625 12 town town NN 7960 10625 13 trade trade NN 7960 10625 14 , , , 7960 10625 15 so so IN 7960 10625 16 the the DT 7960 10625 17 craft craft NN 7960 10625 18 guilds guild NNS 7960 10625 19 had have VBD 7960 10625 20 charge charge NN 7960 10625 21 of of IN 7960 10625 22 town town NN 7960 10625 23 industry industry NN 7960 10625 24 . . . 7960 10626 1 No no DT 7960 10626 2 one one PRP 7960 10626 3 could could MD 7960 10626 4 engage engage VB 7960 10626 5 in in IN 7960 10626 6 any any DT 7960 10626 7 craft craft NN 7960 10626 8 without without IN 7960 10626 9 becoming become VBG 7960 10626 10 a a DT 7960 10626 11 member member NN 7960 10626 12 of of IN 7960 10626 13 the the DT 7960 10626 14 guild guild NN 7960 10626 15 which which WDT 7960 10626 16 controlled control VBD 7960 10626 17 it -PRON- PRP 7960 10626 18 and and CC 7960 10626 19 submitting submit VBG 7960 10626 20 to to IN 7960 10626 21 the the DT 7960 10626 22 guild guild NN 7960 10626 23 regulations regulation NNS 7960 10626 24 . . . 7960 10627 1 A a DT 7960 10627 2 man man NN 7960 10627 3 's 's POS 7960 10627 4 hours hour NNS 7960 10627 5 of of IN 7960 10627 6 labor labor NN 7960 10627 7 and and CC 7960 10627 8 the the DT 7960 10627 9 prices price NNS 7960 10627 10 at at IN 7960 10627 11 which which WDT 7960 10627 12 he -PRON- PRP 7960 10627 13 sold sell VBD 7960 10627 14 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10627 15 goods good NNS 7960 10627 16 were be VBD 7960 10627 17 fixed fix VBN 7960 10627 18 for for IN 7960 10627 19 him -PRON- PRP 7960 10627 20 by by IN 7960 10627 21 the the DT 7960 10627 22 guild guild NN 7960 10627 23 . . . 7960 10628 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 10628 2 might may MD 7960 10628 3 not not RB 7960 10628 4 work work VB 7960 10628 5 elsewhere elsewhere RB 7960 10628 6 than than IN 7960 10628 7 in in IN 7960 10628 8 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10628 9 shop shop NN 7960 10628 10 , , , 7960 10628 11 because because IN 7960 10628 12 of of IN 7960 10628 13 the the DT 7960 10628 14 difficulty difficulty NN 7960 10628 15 of of IN 7960 10628 16 supervising supervise VBG 7960 10628 17 him -PRON- PRP 7960 10628 18 , , , 7960 10628 19 nor nor CC 7960 10628 20 might may MD 7960 10628 21 he -PRON- PRP 7960 10628 22 work work VB 7960 10628 23 by by IN 7960 10628 24 artificial artificial JJ 7960 10628 25 light light NN 7960 10628 26 , , , 7960 10628 27 lest lest IN 7960 10628 28 he -PRON- PRP 7960 10628 29 turn turn VB 7960 10628 30 out out RP 7960 10628 31 badly badly RB 7960 10628 32 finished finish VBN 7960 10628 33 goods good NNS 7960 10628 34 . . . 7960 10629 1 Everything everything NN 7960 10629 2 made make VBN 7960 10629 3 by by IN 7960 10629 4 him -PRON- PRP 7960 10629 5 was be VBD 7960 10629 6 carefully carefully RB 7960 10629 7 inspected inspect VBN 7960 10629 8 to to TO 7960 10629 9 see see VB 7960 10629 10 if if IN 7960 10629 11 it -PRON- PRP 7960 10629 12 contained contain VBD 7960 10629 13 shoddy shoddy JJ 7960 10629 14 materials material NNS 7960 10629 15 or or CC 7960 10629 16 showed show VBD 7960 10629 17 poor poor JJ 7960 10629 18 workmanship workmanship NN 7960 10629 19 . . . 7960 10630 1 Failure failure NN 7960 10630 2 to to TO 7960 10630 3 meet meet VB 7960 10630 4 the the DT 7960 10630 5 test test NN 7960 10630 6 meant mean VBD 7960 10630 7 a a DT 7960 10630 8 heavy heavy JJ 7960 10630 9 fine fine NN 7960 10630 10 or or CC 7960 10630 11 perhaps perhaps RB 7960 10630 12 expulsion expulsion NN 7960 10630 13 from from IN 7960 10630 14 the the DT 7960 10630 15 guild guild NN 7960 10630 16 . . . 7960 10631 1 Thus thus RB 7960 10631 2 the the DT 7960 10631 3 industrial industrial JJ 7960 10631 4 monopoly monopoly NN 7960 10631 5 possessed possess VBN 7960 10631 6 by by IN 7960 10631 7 the the DT 7960 10631 8 craft craft NNP 7960 10631 9 guild guild NN 7960 10631 10 gave give VBD 7960 10631 11 some some DT 7960 10631 12 protection protection NN 7960 10631 13 to to IN 7960 10631 14 both both DT 7960 10631 15 producer producer NN 7960 10631 16 and and CC 7960 10631 17 consumer consumer NN 7960 10631 18 . . . 7960 10632 1 ORGANIZATION ORGANIZATION NNP 7960 10632 2 OF of IN 7960 10632 3 CRAFT CRAFT NNP 7960 10632 4 GUILDS guilds VB 7960 10632 5 Full full JJ 7960 10632 6 membership membership NN 7960 10632 7 in in IN 7960 10632 8 a a DT 7960 10632 9 guild guild NN 7960 10632 10 was be VBD 7960 10632 11 reached reach VBN 7960 10632 12 only only RB 7960 10632 13 by by IN 7960 10632 14 degrees degree NNS 7960 10632 15 . . . 7960 10633 1 A a DT 7960 10633 2 boy boy NN 7960 10633 3 started start VBD 7960 10633 4 as as IN 7960 10633 5 an an DT 7960 10633 6 apprentice apprentice NN 7960 10633 7 , , , 7960 10633 8 that that RB 7960 10633 9 is is RB 7960 10633 10 , , , 7960 10633 11 a a DT 7960 10633 12 learner learner NN 7960 10633 13 . . . 7960 10634 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 10634 2 paid pay VBD 7960 10634 3 a a DT 7960 10634 4 sum sum NN 7960 10634 5 of of IN 7960 10634 6 money money NN 7960 10634 7 to to IN 7960 10634 8 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10634 9 master master NN 7960 10634 10 and and CC 7960 10634 11 agreed agree VBD 7960 10634 12 to to TO 7960 10634 13 serve serve VB 7960 10634 14 him -PRON- PRP 7960 10634 15 for for IN 7960 10634 16 a a DT 7960 10634 17 fixed fix VBN 7960 10634 18 period period NN 7960 10634 19 , , , 7960 10634 20 usually usually RB 7960 10634 21 seven seven CD 7960 10634 22 years year NNS 7960 10634 23 . . . 7960 10635 1 The the DT 7960 10635 2 master master NN 7960 10635 3 , , , 7960 10635 4 in in IN 7960 10635 5 turn turn NN 7960 10635 6 , , , 7960 10635 7 promised promise VBD 7960 10635 8 to to TO 7960 10635 9 provide provide VB 7960 10635 10 the the DT 7960 10635 11 apprentice apprentice NN 7960 10635 12 with with IN 7960 10635 13 food food NN 7960 10635 14 , , , 7960 10635 15 lodging lodging NN 7960 10635 16 , , , 7960 10635 17 and and CC 7960 10635 18 clothing clothing NN 7960 10635 19 , , , 7960 10635 20 and and CC 7960 10635 21 to to TO 7960 10635 22 teach teach VB 7960 10635 23 him -PRON- PRP 7960 10635 24 all all PDT 7960 10635 25 the the DT 7960 10635 26 secrets secret NNS 7960 10635 27 of of IN 7960 10635 28 the the DT 7960 10635 29 craft craft NN 7960 10635 30 . . . 7960 10636 1 At at IN 7960 10636 2 the the DT 7960 10636 3 end end NN 7960 10636 4 of of IN 7960 10636 5 the the DT 7960 10636 6 seven seven CD 7960 10636 7 years year NNS 7960 10636 8 the the DT 7960 10636 9 apprentice apprentice NN 7960 10636 10 had have VBD 7960 10636 11 to to TO 7960 10636 12 pass pass VB 7960 10636 13 an an DT 7960 10636 14 examination examination NN 7960 10636 15 by by IN 7960 10636 16 the the DT 7960 10636 17 guild guild NN 7960 10636 18 . . . 7960 10637 1 If if IN 7960 10637 2 he -PRON- PRP 7960 10637 3 was be VBD 7960 10637 4 found find VBN 7960 10637 5 fit fit JJ 7960 10637 6 , , , 7960 10637 7 he -PRON- PRP 7960 10637 8 then then RB 7960 10637 9 became become VBD 7960 10637 10 a a DT 7960 10637 11 journeyman journeyman NN 7960 10637 12 and and CC 7960 10637 13 worked work VBD 7960 10637 14 for for IN 7960 10637 15 daily daily JJ 7960 10637 16 wages wage NNS 7960 10637 17 . . . 7960 10638 1 As as RB 7960 10638 2 soon soon RB 7960 10638 3 as as IN 7960 10638 4 he -PRON- PRP 7960 10638 5 had have VBD 7960 10638 6 saved save VBN 7960 10638 7 enough enough JJ 7960 10638 8 money money NN 7960 10638 9 , , , 7960 10638 10 he -PRON- PRP 7960 10638 11 might may MD 7960 10638 12 set set VB 7960 10638 13 up up RP 7960 10638 14 as as IN 7960 10638 15 a a DT 7960 10638 16 master master NN 7960 10638 17 in in IN 7960 10638 18 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10638 19 own own JJ 7960 10638 20 shop shop NN 7960 10638 21 . . . 7960 10639 1 A a DT 7960 10639 2 master master NN 7960 10639 3 was be VBD 7960 10639 4 at at IN 7960 10639 5 once once RB 7960 10639 6 workman workman NN 7960 10639 7 and and CC 7960 10639 8 employer employer NN 7960 10639 9 , , , 7960 10639 10 laborer laborer NNP 7960 10639 11 and and CC 7960 10639 12 capitalist capitalist NN 7960 10639 13 . . . 7960 10640 1 ACTIVITIES activity NNS 7960 10640 2 OF of IN 7960 10640 3 CRAFT CRAFT NNP 7960 10640 4 GUILDS GUILDS NNP 7960 10640 5 Like like IN 7960 10640 6 the the DT 7960 10640 7 old old JJ 7960 10640 8 Roman roman JJ 7960 10640 9 guilds guild NNS 7960 10640 10 , , , 7960 10640 11 those those DT 7960 10640 12 of of IN 7960 10640 13 the the DT 7960 10640 14 Middle Middle NNP 7960 10640 15 Ages Ages NNPS 7960 10640 16 had have VBD 7960 10640 17 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10640 18 charitable charitable JJ 7960 10640 19 and and CC 7960 10640 20 religious religious JJ 7960 10640 21 aspects aspect NNS 7960 10640 22 . . . 7960 10641 1 Each each DT 7960 10641 2 guild guild NN 7960 10641 3 raised raise VBD 7960 10641 4 large large JJ 7960 10641 5 benefit benefit NN 7960 10641 6 funds fund NNS 7960 10641 7 for for IN 7960 10641 8 the the DT 7960 10641 9 relief relief NN 7960 10641 10 of of IN 7960 10641 11 members member NNS 7960 10641 12 or or CC 7960 10641 13 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10641 14 widows widow NNS 7960 10641 15 and and CC 7960 10641 16 orphans orphan NNS 7960 10641 17 . . . 7960 10642 1 Each each DT 7960 10642 2 guild guild NN 7960 10642 3 had have VBD 7960 10642 4 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10642 5 private private JJ 7960 10642 6 altar altar NN 7960 10642 7 in in IN 7960 10642 8 the the DT 7960 10642 9 cathedral cathedral NN 7960 10642 10 , , , 7960 10642 11 or or CC 7960 10642 12 often often RB 7960 10642 13 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10642 14 own own JJ 7960 10642 15 chapel chapel NN 7960 10642 16 , , , 7960 10642 17 where where WRB 7960 10642 18 masses masse NNS 7960 10642 19 were be VBD 7960 10642 20 said say VBN 7960 10642 21 for for IN 7960 10642 22 the the DT 7960 10642 23 repose repose NN 7960 10642 24 of of IN 7960 10642 25 the the DT 7960 10642 26 souls soul NNS 7960 10642 27 of of IN 7960 10642 28 deceased deceased JJ 7960 10642 29 members member NNS 7960 10642 30 , , , 7960 10642 31 and and CC 7960 10642 32 where where WRB 7960 10642 33 on on IN 7960 10642 34 the the DT 7960 10642 35 day day NN 7960 10642 36 of of IN 7960 10642 37 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10642 38 patron patron NN 7960 10642 39 saint saint NN 7960 10642 40 religious religious JJ 7960 10642 41 services service NNS 7960 10642 42 were be VBD 7960 10642 43 held hold VBN 7960 10642 44 . . . 7960 10643 1 The the DT 7960 10643 2 guild guild NN 7960 10643 3 was be VBD 7960 10643 4 also also RB 7960 10643 5 a a DT 7960 10643 6 social social JJ 7960 10643 7 organization organization NN 7960 10643 8 , , , 7960 10643 9 with with IN 7960 10643 10 frequent frequent JJ 7960 10643 11 meetings meeting NNS 7960 10643 12 for for IN 7960 10643 13 a a DT 7960 10643 14 feast feast NN 7960 10643 15 in in IN 7960 10643 16 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10643 17 hall hall NN 7960 10643 18 or or CC 7960 10643 19 in in IN 7960 10643 20 some some DT 7960 10643 21 inn inn NN 7960 10643 22 . . . 7960 10644 1 The the DT 7960 10644 2 guilds guild NNS 7960 10644 3 in in IN 7960 10644 4 some some DT 7960 10644 5 cities city NNS 7960 10644 6 entertained entertain VBD 7960 10644 7 the the DT 7960 10644 8 people people NNS 7960 10644 9 with with IN 7960 10644 10 an an DT 7960 10644 11 annual annual JJ 7960 10644 12 play play NN 7960 10644 13 or or CC 7960 10644 14 procession procession NN 7960 10644 15 . . . 7960 10645 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10645 2 13 13 CD 7960 10645 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10645 4 It -PRON- PRP 7960 10645 5 is be VBZ 7960 10645 6 clear clear JJ 7960 10645 7 that that IN 7960 10645 8 the the DT 7960 10645 9 members member NNS 7960 10645 10 of of IN 7960 10645 11 a a DT 7960 10645 12 medieval medieval JJ 7960 10645 13 craft craft NN 7960 10645 14 guild guild NN 7960 10645 15 had have VBD 7960 10645 16 common common JJ 7960 10645 17 interests interest NNS 7960 10645 18 and and CC 7960 10645 19 shared share VBD 7960 10645 20 a a DT 7960 10645 21 common common JJ 7960 10645 22 life life NN 7960 10645 23 . . . 7960 10646 1 DISSOLUTION dissolution NN 7960 10646 2 OF of IN 7960 10646 3 CRAFT CRAFT NNP 7960 10646 4 GUILDS GUILDS NNP 7960 10646 5 As as IN 7960 10646 6 the the DT 7960 10646 7 craft craft NN 7960 10646 8 guilds guild VBZ 7960 10646 9 prospered prosper VBN 7960 10646 10 and and CC 7960 10646 11 increased increase VBD 7960 10646 12 in in IN 7960 10646 13 wealth wealth NN 7960 10646 14 , , , 7960 10646 15 they -PRON- PRP 7960 10646 16 tended tend VBD 7960 10646 17 to to TO 7960 10646 18 become become VB 7960 10646 19 exclusive exclusive JJ 7960 10646 20 organizations organization NNS 7960 10646 21 . . . 7960 10647 1 Membership membership NN 7960 10647 2 fees fee NNS 7960 10647 3 were be VBD 7960 10647 4 raised raise VBN 7960 10647 5 so so RB 7960 10647 6 high high JJ 7960 10647 7 that that IN 7960 10647 8 few few JJ 7960 10647 9 could could MD 7960 10647 10 afford afford VB 7960 10647 11 to to TO 7960 10647 12 pay pay VB 7960 10647 13 them -PRON- PRP 7960 10647 14 , , , 7960 10647 15 while while IN 7960 10647 16 the the DT 7960 10647 17 number number NN 7960 10647 18 of of IN 7960 10647 19 apprentices apprentice NNS 7960 10647 20 that that WDT 7960 10647 21 a a DT 7960 10647 22 master master NN 7960 10647 23 might may MD 7960 10647 24 take take VB 7960 10647 25 was be VBD 7960 10647 26 strictly strictly RB 7960 10647 27 limited limit VBN 7960 10647 28 . . . 7960 10648 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 10648 2 also also RB 7960 10648 3 became become VBD 7960 10648 4 increasingly increasingly RB 7960 10648 5 difficult difficult JJ 7960 10648 6 for for IN 7960 10648 7 journeymen journeyman NNS 7960 10648 8 to to TO 7960 10648 9 rise rise VB 7960 10648 10 to to IN 7960 10648 11 the the DT 7960 10648 12 station station NN 7960 10648 13 of of IN 7960 10648 14 masters master NNS 7960 10648 15 ; ; : 7960 10648 16 they -PRON- PRP 7960 10648 17 often often RB 7960 10648 18 remained remain VBD 7960 10648 19 wage wage NN 7960 10648 20 - - HYPH 7960 10648 21 earners earner NNS 7960 10648 22 for for IN 7960 10648 23 life life NN 7960 10648 24 . . . 7960 10649 1 The the DT 7960 10649 2 mass mass NN 7960 10649 3 of of IN 7960 10649 4 workmen workman NNS 7960 10649 5 could could MD 7960 10649 6 no no RB 7960 10649 7 longer longer RB 7960 10649 8 participate participate VB 7960 10649 9 in in IN 7960 10649 10 the the DT 7960 10649 11 benefits benefit NNS 7960 10649 12 of of IN 7960 10649 13 the the DT 7960 10649 14 guild guild NN 7960 10649 15 system system NN 7960 10649 16 . . . 7960 10650 1 In in IN 7960 10650 2 the the DT 7960 10650 3 eighteenth eighteenth JJ 7960 10650 4 century century NN 7960 10650 5 most most JJS 7960 10650 6 of of IN 7960 10650 7 the the DT 7960 10650 8 guilds guild NNS 7960 10650 9 lost lose VBD 7960 10650 10 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10650 11 monopoly monopoly NN 7960 10650 12 of of IN 7960 10650 13 industry industry NN 7960 10650 14 , , , 7960 10650 15 and and CC 7960 10650 16 in in IN 7960 10650 17 the the DT 7960 10650 18 nineteenth nineteenth JJ 7960 10650 19 century century NN 7960 10650 20 they -PRON- PRP 7960 10650 21 gave give VBD 7960 10650 22 way way NN 7960 10650 23 to to IN 7960 10650 24 trade trade NN 7960 10650 25 unions union NNS 7960 10650 26 . . . 7960 10651 1 195 195 CD 7960 10651 2 . . . 7960 10652 1 TRADE trade NN 7960 10652 2 AND and CC 7960 10652 3 COMMERCE commerce NN 7960 10652 4 MARKETS market NNS 7960 10652 5 Nearly nearly RB 7960 10652 6 every every DT 7960 10652 7 town town NN 7960 10652 8 of of IN 7960 10652 9 any any DT 7960 10652 10 consequence consequence NN 7960 10652 11 had have VBD 7960 10652 12 a a DT 7960 10652 13 weekly weekly JJ 7960 10652 14 or or CC 7960 10652 15 semiweekly semiweekly JJ 7960 10652 16 market market NN 7960 10652 17 , , , 7960 10652 18 which which WDT 7960 10652 19 was be VBD 7960 10652 20 held hold VBN 7960 10652 21 in in IN 7960 10652 22 the the DT 7960 10652 23 market market NN 7960 10652 24 place place NN 7960 10652 25 or or CC 7960 10652 26 in in IN 7960 10652 27 the the DT 7960 10652 28 churchyard churchyard NN 7960 10652 29 . . . 7960 10653 1 Marketing marketing NN 7960 10653 2 often often RB 7960 10653 3 occurred occur VBD 7960 10653 4 on on IN 7960 10653 5 Sunday Sunday NNP 7960 10653 6 , , , 7960 10653 7 in in IN 7960 10653 8 spite spite NN 7960 10653 9 of of IN 7960 10653 10 many many JJ 7960 10653 11 laws law NNS 7960 10653 12 against against IN 7960 10653 13 this this DT 7960 10653 14 desecration desecration NN 7960 10653 15 of of IN 7960 10653 16 the the DT 7960 10653 17 day day NN 7960 10653 18 . . . 7960 10654 1 Outsiders outsider NNS 7960 10654 2 who who WP 7960 10654 3 brought bring VBD 7960 10654 4 cattle cattle NNS 7960 10654 5 and and CC 7960 10654 6 farm farm NN 7960 10654 7 produce produce NN 7960 10654 8 for for IN 7960 10654 9 sale sale NN 7960 10654 10 in in IN 7960 10654 11 the the DT 7960 10654 12 market market NN 7960 10654 13 were be VBD 7960 10654 14 required require VBN 7960 10654 15 to to TO 7960 10654 16 pay pay VB 7960 10654 17 tolls toll NNS 7960 10654 18 , , , 7960 10654 19 either either CC 7960 10654 20 to to IN 7960 10654 21 the the DT 7960 10654 22 town town NN 7960 10654 23 authorities authority NNS 7960 10654 24 or or CC 7960 10654 25 sometimes sometimes RB 7960 10654 26 to to IN 7960 10654 27 a a DT 7960 10654 28 neighboring neighbor VBG 7960 10654 29 nobleman nobleman NN 7960 10654 30 . . . 7960 10655 1 These these DT 7960 10655 2 market market NN 7960 10655 3 dues due NNS 7960 10655 4 still still RB 7960 10655 5 survive survive VBP 7960 10655 6 in in IN 7960 10655 7 the the DT 7960 10655 8 " " `` 7960 10655 9 octroi octroi NN 7960 10655 10 " " '' 7960 10655 11 collected collect VBN 7960 10655 12 at at IN 7960 10655 13 the the DT 7960 10655 14 gates gate NNS 7960 10655 15 of of IN 7960 10655 16 some some DT 7960 10655 17 European european JJ 7960 10655 18 cities city NNS 7960 10655 19 . . . 7960 10656 1 " " `` 7960 10656 2 JUST just RB 7960 10656 3 PRICE price NN 7960 10656 4 " " '' 7960 10656 5 People People NNS 7960 10656 6 in in IN 7960 10656 7 the the DT 7960 10656 8 Middle Middle NNP 7960 10656 9 Ages Ages NNPS 7960 10656 10 did do VBD 7960 10656 11 not not RB 7960 10656 12 believe believe VB 7960 10656 13 in in IN 7960 10656 14 unrestricted unrestricted JJ 7960 10656 15 competition competition NN 7960 10656 16 . . . 7960 10657 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 10657 2 was be VBD 7960 10657 3 thought think VBN 7960 10657 4 wrong wrong RB 7960 10657 5 for for IN 7960 10657 6 anyone anyone NN 7960 10657 7 to to TO 7960 10657 8 purchase purchase VB 7960 10657 9 goods good NNS 7960 10657 10 outside outside RB 7960 10657 11 of of IN 7960 10657 12 the the DT 7960 10657 13 regular regular JJ 7960 10657 14 market market NN 7960 10657 15 ( ( -LRB- 7960 10657 16 " " `` 7960 10657 17 forestalling forestalling JJ 7960 10657 18 " " '' 7960 10657 19 ) ) -RRB- 7960 10657 20 or or CC 7960 10657 21 to to TO 7960 10657 22 purchase purchase VB 7960 10657 23 them -PRON- PRP 7960 10657 24 in in IN 7960 10657 25 larger large JJR 7960 10657 26 quantities quantity NNS 7960 10657 27 than than IN 7960 10657 28 necessary necessary JJ 7960 10657 29 ( ( -LRB- 7960 10657 30 " " `` 7960 10657 31 engrossing engross VBG 7960 10657 32 " " '' 7960 10657 33 ) ) -RRB- 7960 10657 34 . . . 7960 10658 1 A a DT 7960 10658 2 man man NN 7960 10658 3 ought ought MD 7960 10658 4 not not RB 7960 10658 5 to to TO 7960 10658 6 charge charge VB 7960 10658 7 for for IN 7960 10658 8 a a DT 7960 10658 9 thing thing NN 7960 10658 10 more more JJR 7960 10658 11 than than IN 7960 10658 12 it -PRON- PRP 7960 10658 13 was be VBD 7960 10658 14 worth worth JJ 7960 10658 15 , , , 7960 10658 16 or or CC 7960 10658 17 to to TO 7960 10658 18 buy buy VB 7960 10658 19 a a DT 7960 10658 20 thing thing NN 7960 10658 21 cheap cheap JJ 7960 10658 22 and and CC 7960 10658 23 sell sell VB 7960 10658 24 it -PRON- PRP 7960 10658 25 dear dear JJ 7960 10658 26 . . . 7960 10659 1 The the DT 7960 10659 2 idea idea NN 7960 10659 3 prevailed prevail VBD 7960 10659 4 that that IN 7960 10659 5 goods good NNS 7960 10659 6 should should MD 7960 10659 7 be be VB 7960 10659 8 sold sell VBN 7960 10659 9 at at IN 7960 10659 10 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10659 11 " " `` 7960 10659 12 just just RB 7960 10659 13 price price NN 7960 10659 14 " " '' 7960 10659 15 which which WDT 7960 10659 16 was be VBD 7960 10659 17 not not RB 7960 10659 18 determined determine VBN 7960 10659 19 by by IN 7960 10659 20 supply supply NN 7960 10659 21 and and CC 7960 10659 22 demand demand NN 7960 10659 23 but but CC 7960 10659 24 by by IN 7960 10659 25 an an DT 7960 10659 26 estimate estimate NN 7960 10659 27 of of IN 7960 10659 28 the the DT 7960 10659 29 cost cost NN 7960 10659 30 of of IN 7960 10659 31 the the DT 7960 10659 32 materials material NNS 7960 10659 33 and and CC 7960 10659 34 the the DT 7960 10659 35 labor labor NN 7960 10659 36 that that WDT 7960 10659 37 went go VBD 7960 10659 38 into into IN 7960 10659 39 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10659 40 manufacture manufacture NN 7960 10659 41 . . . 7960 10660 1 Laws law NNS 7960 10660 2 were be VBD 7960 10660 3 often often RB 7960 10660 4 passed pass VBN 7960 10660 5 fixing fix VBG 7960 10660 6 this this DT 7960 10660 7 " " `` 7960 10660 8 just just JJ 7960 10660 9 price price NN 7960 10660 10 , , , 7960 10660 11 " " '' 7960 10660 12 but but CC 7960 10660 13 it -PRON- PRP 7960 10660 14 was be VBD 7960 10660 15 as as RB 7960 10660 16 difficult difficult JJ 7960 10660 17 then then RB 7960 10660 18 as as IN 7960 10660 19 now now RB 7960 10660 20 to to TO 7960 10660 21 prevent prevent VB 7960 10660 22 the the DT 7960 10660 23 " " `` 7960 10660 24 cornering cornering NN 7960 10660 25 of of IN 7960 10660 26 the the DT 7960 10660 27 market market NN 7960 10660 28 " " '' 7960 10660 29 by by IN 7960 10660 30 shrewd shrewd JJ 7960 10660 31 and and CC 7960 10660 32 unscrupulous unscrupulous JJ 7960 10660 33 traders trader NNS 7960 10660 34 . . . 7960 10661 1 FAIRS fairs NN 7960 10661 2 Besides besides IN 7960 10661 3 markets market NNS 7960 10661 4 at at IN 7960 10661 5 frequent frequent JJ 7960 10661 6 intervals interval NNS 7960 10661 7 , , , 7960 10661 8 many many JJ 7960 10661 9 towns town NNS 7960 10661 10 held hold VBD 7960 10661 11 fairs fair NNS 7960 10661 12 once once RB 7960 10661 13 or or CC 7960 10661 14 twice twice PDT 7960 10661 15 a a DT 7960 10661 16 year year NN 7960 10661 17 . . . 7960 10662 1 The the DT 7960 10662 2 fairs fair NNS 7960 10662 3 often often RB 7960 10662 4 lasted last VBD 7960 10662 5 for for IN 7960 10662 6 a a DT 7960 10662 7 month month NN 7960 10662 8 or or CC 7960 10662 9 more more JJR 7960 10662 10 . . . 7960 10663 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 10663 2 were be VBD 7960 10663 3 especially especially RB 7960 10663 4 necessary necessary JJ 7960 10663 5 in in IN 7960 10663 6 medieval medieval JJ 7960 10663 7 Europe Europe NNP 7960 10663 8 , , , 7960 10663 9 because because IN 7960 10663 10 merchants merchant NNS 7960 10663 11 did do VBD 7960 10663 12 not not RB 7960 10663 13 keep keep VB 7960 10663 14 large large JJ 7960 10663 15 quantities quantity NNS 7960 10663 16 or or CC 7960 10663 17 many many JJ 7960 10663 18 kinds kind NNS 7960 10663 19 of of IN 7960 10663 20 goods good NNS 7960 10663 21 on on IN 7960 10663 22 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10663 23 shelves shelf NNS 7960 10663 24 , , , 7960 10663 25 nor nor CC 7960 10663 26 could could MD 7960 10663 27 intending intend VBG 7960 10663 28 purchasers purchaser NNS 7960 10663 29 afford afford VB 7960 10663 30 to to TO 7960 10663 31 travel travel VB 7960 10663 32 far far RB 7960 10663 33 in in IN 7960 10663 34 search search NN 7960 10663 35 of of IN 7960 10663 36 what what WP 7960 10663 37 they -PRON- PRP 7960 10663 38 wanted want VBD 7960 10663 39 . . . 7960 10664 1 The the DT 7960 10664 2 more more RBR 7960 10664 3 important important JJ 7960 10664 4 English english JJ 7960 10664 5 fairs fair NNS 7960 10664 6 included include VBD 7960 10664 7 those those DT 7960 10664 8 at at IN 7960 10664 9 Stourbridge Stourbridge NNP 7960 10664 10 near near IN 7960 10664 11 Cambridge Cambridge NNP 7960 10664 12 , , , 7960 10664 13 Winchester Winchester NNP 7960 10664 14 , , , 7960 10664 15 St. St. NNP 7960 10664 16 Ives Ives NNP 7960 10664 17 , , , 7960 10664 18 and and CC 7960 10664 19 Boston Boston NNP 7960 10664 20 . . . 7960 10665 1 On on IN 7960 10665 2 the the DT 7960 10665 3 Continent continent NN 7960 10665 4 fairs fair NNS 7960 10665 5 were be VBD 7960 10665 6 numerous numerous JJ 7960 10665 7 and and CC 7960 10665 8 in in IN 7960 10665 9 some some DT 7960 10665 10 places place NNS 7960 10665 11 , , , 7960 10665 12 such such JJ 7960 10665 13 as as IN 7960 10665 14 Leipzig Leipzig NNP 7960 10665 15 in in IN 7960 10665 16 Germany Germany NNP 7960 10665 17 and and CC 7960 10665 18 Nijni Nijni NNP 7960 10665 19 - - HYPH 7960 10665 20 Novgorod Novgorod NNP 7960 10665 21 in in IN 7960 10665 22 Russia Russia NNP 7960 10665 23 , , , 7960 10665 24 they -PRON- PRP 7960 10665 25 are be VBP 7960 10665 26 still still RB 7960 10665 27 kept keep VBN 7960 10665 28 up up RP 7960 10665 29 . . . 7960 10666 1 FAIRS fairs NN 7960 10666 2 AND and CC 7960 10666 3 COMMERCE commerce NN 7960 10666 4 A a DT 7960 10666 5 fair fair NN 7960 10666 6 gave give VBD 7960 10666 7 opportunity opportunity NN 7960 10666 8 for for IN 7960 10666 9 the the DT 7960 10666 10 sale sale NN 7960 10666 11 of of IN 7960 10666 12 commodities commodity NNS 7960 10666 13 brought bring VBN 7960 10666 14 from from IN 7960 10666 15 the the DT 7960 10666 16 most most RBS 7960 10666 17 distant distant JJ 7960 10666 18 regions region NNS 7960 10666 19 . . . 7960 10667 1 Stourbridge Stourbridge NNP 7960 10667 2 Fair Fair NNP 7960 10667 3 , , , 7960 10667 4 for for IN 7960 10667 5 instance instance NN 7960 10667 6 , , , 7960 10667 7 attracted attract VBD 7960 10667 8 Venetians Venetians NNPS 7960 10667 9 and and CC 7960 10667 10 Genoese Genoese NNP 7960 10667 11 with with IN 7960 10667 12 silk silk NN 7960 10667 13 , , , 7960 10667 14 pepper pepper NN 7960 10667 15 , , , 7960 10667 16 and and CC 7960 10667 17 spices spice NNS 7960 10667 18 of of IN 7960 10667 19 the the DT 7960 10667 20 East East NNP 7960 10667 21 , , , 7960 10667 22 Flemings Flemings NNPS 7960 10667 23 with with IN 7960 10667 24 fine fine JJ 7960 10667 25 cloths cloth NNS 7960 10667 26 and and CC 7960 10667 27 linens linen NNS 7960 10667 28 , , , 7960 10667 29 Spaniards Spaniards NNPS 7960 10667 30 with with IN 7960 10667 31 iron iron NN 7960 10667 32 and and CC 7960 10667 33 wine wine NN 7960 10667 34 , , , 7960 10667 35 Norwegians Norwegians NNPS 7960 10667 36 with with IN 7960 10667 37 tar tar NN 7960 10667 38 and and CC 7960 10667 39 pitch pitch NN 7960 10667 40 from from IN 7960 10667 41 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10667 42 forests forest NNS 7960 10667 43 , , , 7960 10667 44 and and CC 7960 10667 45 Baltic baltic JJ 7960 10667 46 merchants merchant NNS 7960 10667 47 with with IN 7960 10667 48 furs fur NNS 7960 10667 49 , , , 7960 10667 50 amber amber NN 7960 10667 51 , , , 7960 10667 52 and and CC 7960 10667 53 salted salted JJ 7960 10667 54 fish fish NN 7960 10667 55 . . . 7960 10668 1 The the DT 7960 10668 2 fairs fair NNS 7960 10668 3 , , , 7960 10668 4 by by IN 7960 10668 5 fostering foster VBG 7960 10668 6 commerce commerce NN 7960 10668 7 , , , 7960 10668 8 helped help VBD 7960 10668 9 to to TO 7960 10668 10 make make VB 7960 10668 11 the the DT 7960 10668 12 various various JJ 7960 10668 13 European european JJ 7960 10668 14 peoples people NNS 7960 10668 15 better well RBR 7960 10668 16 acquainted acquaint VBD 7960 10668 17 with with IN 7960 10668 18 one one CD 7960 10668 19 another another DT 7960 10668 20 . . . 7960 10669 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10669 2 Illustration illustration NN 7960 10669 3 : : : 7960 10669 4 Map Map NNP 7960 10669 5 , , , 7960 10669 6 TRADE trade NN 7960 10669 7 ROUTES route NNS 7960 10669 8 BETWEEN between IN 7960 10669 9 NORTHERN NORTHERN NNP 7960 10669 10 AND and CC 7960 10669 11 SOUTHERN SOUTHERN VBZ 7960 10669 12 EUROPE EUROPE NNP 7960 10669 13 IN in IN 7960 10669 14 THE the DT 7960 10669 15 13TH 13th CD 7960 10669 16 AND and CC 7960 10669 17 14TH 14th CD 7960 10669 18 CENTURIES century NNS 7960 10669 19 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10669 20 DECLINE DECLINE NNP 7960 10669 21 OF of IN 7960 10669 22 COMMERCE COMMERCE NNP 7960 10669 23 IN in IN 7960 10669 24 THE the DT 7960 10669 25 MIDDLE MIDDLE NNP 7960 10669 26 AGES AGES NNP 7960 10669 27 Commerce Commerce NNP 7960 10669 28 in in IN 7960 10669 29 western western JJ 7960 10669 30 Europe Europe NNP 7960 10669 31 had have VBD 7960 10669 32 almost almost RB 7960 10669 33 disappeared disappear VBN 7960 10669 34 as as IN 7960 10669 35 a a DT 7960 10669 36 result result NN 7960 10669 37 of of IN 7960 10669 38 the the DT 7960 10669 39 Germanic germanic JJ 7960 10669 40 invasions invasion NNS 7960 10669 41 and and CC 7960 10669 42 the the DT 7960 10669 43 establishment establishment NN 7960 10669 44 of of IN 7960 10669 45 feudalism feudalism NN 7960 10669 46 . . . 7960 10670 1 What what WP 7960 10670 2 little little JJ 7960 10670 3 commercial commercial JJ 7960 10670 4 intercourse intercourse NN 7960 10670 5 there there EX 7960 10670 6 was be VBD 7960 10670 7 encountered encounter VBN 7960 10670 8 many many JJ 7960 10670 9 obstacles obstacle NNS 7960 10670 10 . . . 7960 10671 1 A a DT 7960 10671 2 merchant merchant NN 7960 10671 3 who who WP 7960 10671 4 went go VBD 7960 10671 5 by by IN 7960 10671 6 land land NN 7960 10671 7 from from IN 7960 10671 8 country country NN 7960 10671 9 to to IN 7960 10671 10 country country NN 7960 10671 11 might may MD 7960 10671 12 expect expect VB 7960 10671 13 to to TO 7960 10671 14 find find VB 7960 10671 15 bad bad JJ 7960 10671 16 roads road NNS 7960 10671 17 , , , 7960 10671 18 few few JJ 7960 10671 19 bridges bridge NNS 7960 10671 20 , , , 7960 10671 21 and and CC 7960 10671 22 poor poor JJ 7960 10671 23 inns inn NNS 7960 10671 24 . . . 7960 10672 1 Goods good NNS 7960 10672 2 were be VBD 7960 10672 3 transported transport VBN 7960 10672 4 on on IN 7960 10672 5 pack pack NN 7960 10672 6 - - HYPH 7960 10672 7 horses horse NNS 7960 10672 8 instead instead RB 7960 10672 9 of of IN 7960 10672 10 in in IN 7960 10672 11 wagons wagon NNS 7960 10672 12 . . . 7960 10673 1 Highway highway NN 7960 10673 2 robbery robbery NN 7960 10673 3 was be VBD 7960 10673 4 so so RB 7960 10673 5 common common JJ 7960 10673 6 that that IN 7960 10673 7 travelers traveler NNS 7960 10673 8 always always RB 7960 10673 9 carried carry VBD 7960 10673 10 arms arm NNS 7960 10673 11 and and CC 7960 10673 12 often often RB 7960 10673 13 united unite VBN 7960 10673 14 in in IN 7960 10673 15 bands band NNS 7960 10673 16 for for IN 7960 10673 17 better well JJR 7960 10673 18 protection protection NN 7960 10673 19 . . . 7960 10674 1 The the DT 7960 10674 2 feudal feudal JJ 7960 10674 3 lords lord NNS 7960 10674 4 , , , 7960 10674 5 often often RB 7960 10674 6 themselves -PRON- PRP 7960 10674 7 not not RB 7960 10674 8 much much RB 7960 10674 9 more more JJR 7960 10674 10 than than IN 7960 10674 11 highwaymen highwayman NNS 7960 10674 12 , , , 7960 10674 13 demanded demand VBD 7960 10674 14 tolls toll NNS 7960 10674 15 at at IN 7960 10674 16 every every DT 7960 10674 17 bridge bridge NN 7960 10674 18 and and CC 7960 10674 19 ford ford NNP 7960 10674 20 and and CC 7960 10674 21 on on IN 7960 10674 22 every every DT 7960 10674 23 road road NN 7960 10674 24 . . . 7960 10675 1 If if IN 7960 10675 2 the the DT 7960 10675 3 merchant merchant NN 7960 10675 4 proceeded proceed VBN 7960 10675 5 by by IN 7960 10675 6 water water NN 7960 10675 7 , , , 7960 10675 8 he -PRON- PRP 7960 10675 9 must must MD 7960 10675 10 face face VB 7960 10675 11 , , , 7960 10675 12 in in IN 7960 10675 13 addition addition NN 7960 10675 14 to to IN 7960 10675 15 the the DT 7960 10675 16 ordinary ordinary JJ 7960 10675 17 hazards hazard NNS 7960 10675 18 of of IN 7960 10675 19 wind wind NN 7960 10675 20 and and CC 7960 10675 21 wave wave NN 7960 10675 22 , , , 7960 10675 23 the the DT 7960 10675 24 danger danger NN 7960 10675 25 from from IN 7960 10675 26 the the DT 7960 10675 27 ill ill RB 7960 10675 28 - - HYPH 7960 10675 29 lighted light VBN 7960 10675 30 coasts coast NNS 7960 10675 31 and and CC 7960 10675 32 from from IN 7960 10675 33 attacks attack NNS 7960 10675 34 by by IN 7960 10675 35 pirates pirate NNS 7960 10675 36 . . . 7960 10676 1 No no DT 7960 10676 2 wonder wonder NN 7960 10676 3 commerce commerce NN 7960 10676 4 languished languish VBN 7960 10676 5 in in IN 7960 10676 6 the the DT 7960 10676 7 early early JJ 7960 10676 8 Middle Middle NNP 7960 10676 9 Ages Ages NNPS 7960 10676 10 and and CC 7960 10676 11 for for IN 7960 10676 12 a a DT 7960 10676 13 long long JJ 7960 10676 14 time time NN 7960 10676 15 lay lie VBD 7960 10676 16 chiefly chiefly RB 7960 10676 17 in in IN 7960 10676 18 the the DT 7960 10676 19 hands hand NNS 7960 10676 20 of of IN 7960 10676 21 Byzantines byzantine NNS 7960 10676 22 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10676 23 14 14 CD 7960 10676 24 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10676 25 and and CC 7960 10676 26 Arabs Arabs NNPS 7960 10676 27 . . . 7960 10677 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10677 2 15 15 CD 7960 10677 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10677 4 COMMERCIAL commercial NN 7960 10677 5 REVIVAL revival NN 7960 10677 6 AFTER after IN 7960 10677 7 THE the DT 7960 10677 8 CRUSADES CRUSADES NNP 7960 10677 9 Even even RB 7960 10677 10 during during IN 7960 10677 11 the the DT 7960 10677 12 dark dark JJ 7960 10677 13 centuries century NNS 7960 10677 14 that that WDT 7960 10677 15 followed follow VBD 7960 10677 16 the the DT 7960 10677 17 end end NN 7960 10677 18 of of IN 7960 10677 19 the the DT 7960 10677 20 Roman Roman NNP 7960 10677 21 Empire Empire NNP 7960 10677 22 , , , 7960 10677 23 some some DT 7960 10677 24 trade trade NN 7960 10677 25 with with IN 7960 10677 26 the the DT 7960 10677 27 Orient Orient NNP 7960 10677 28 had have VBD 7960 10677 29 been be VBN 7960 10677 30 carried carry VBN 7960 10677 31 on on RP 7960 10677 32 by by IN 7960 10677 33 the the DT 7960 10677 34 cities city NNS 7960 10677 35 of of IN 7960 10677 36 Italy Italy NNP 7960 10677 37 and and CC 7960 10677 38 southern southern JJ 7960 10677 39 France France NNP 7960 10677 40 . . . 7960 10678 1 The the DT 7960 10678 2 crusades crusade NNS 7960 10678 3 , , , 7960 10678 4 which which WDT 7960 10678 5 brought bring VBD 7960 10678 6 East East NNP 7960 10678 7 and and CC 7960 10678 8 West West NNP 7960 10678 9 face face VBP 7960 10678 10 to to IN 7960 10678 11 face face NN 7960 10678 12 , , , 7960 10678 13 greatly greatly RB 7960 10678 14 increased increase VBD 7960 10678 15 this this DT 7960 10678 16 trade trade NN 7960 10678 17 . . . 7960 10679 1 The the DT 7960 10679 2 Mediterranean Mediterranean NNP 7960 10679 3 lands land NNS 7960 10679 4 first first RB 7960 10679 5 felt feel VBD 7960 10679 6 the the DT 7960 10679 7 stimulating stimulating JJ 7960 10679 8 effects effect NNS 7960 10679 9 of of IN 7960 10679 10 intercourse intercourse NN 7960 10679 11 with with IN 7960 10679 12 the the DT 7960 10679 13 Orient Orient NNP 7960 10679 14 , , , 7960 10679 15 but but CC 7960 10679 16 before before IN 7960 10679 17 long long RB 7960 10679 18 the the DT 7960 10679 19 commercial commercial JJ 7960 10679 20 revival revival NN 7960 10679 21 extended extend VBD 7960 10679 22 to to IN 7960 10679 23 the the DT 7960 10679 24 rest rest NN 7960 10679 25 of of IN 7960 10679 26 Europe Europe NNP 7960 10679 27 . . . 7960 10680 1 ASIATIC asiatic NN 7960 10680 2 TRADE trade NN 7960 10680 3 ROUTES route NNS 7960 10680 4 Before before IN 7960 10680 5 the the DT 7960 10680 6 discovery discovery NN 7960 10680 7 of of IN 7960 10680 8 the the DT 7960 10680 9 Cape Cape NNP 7960 10680 10 of of IN 7960 10680 11 Good Good NNP 7960 10680 12 Hope hope VBP 7960 10680 13 the the DT 7960 10680 14 spices spice NNS 7960 10680 15 , , , 7960 10680 16 drugs drug NNS 7960 10680 17 , , , 7960 10680 18 incense incense NN 7960 10680 19 , , , 7960 10680 20 carpets carpet NNS 7960 10680 21 , , , 7960 10680 22 tapestries tapestry NNS 7960 10680 23 , , , 7960 10680 24 porcelains porcelain NNS 7960 10680 25 , , , 7960 10680 26 and and CC 7960 10680 27 gems gem NNS 7960 10680 28 of of IN 7960 10680 29 India India NNP 7960 10680 30 , , , 7960 10680 31 China China NNP 7960 10680 32 , , , 7960 10680 33 and and CC 7960 10680 34 the the DT 7960 10680 35 East East NNP 7960 10680 36 Indies Indies NNPS 7960 10680 37 reached reach VBD 7960 10680 38 the the DT 7960 10680 39 West West NNP 7960 10680 40 by by IN 7960 10680 41 three three CD 7960 10680 42 main main JJ 7960 10680 43 routes route NNS 7960 10680 44 . . . 7960 10681 1 All all DT 7960 10681 2 had have VBD 7960 10681 3 been be VBN 7960 10681 4 used use VBN 7960 10681 5 in in IN 7960 10681 6 ancient ancient JJ 7960 10681 7 times time NNS 7960 10681 8 . . . 7960 10682 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10682 2 16 16 CD 7960 10682 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10682 4 The the DT 7960 10682 5 central central JJ 7960 10682 6 and and CC 7960 10682 7 most most RBS 7960 10682 8 important important JJ 7960 10682 9 route route NN 7960 10682 10 led lead VBD 7960 10682 11 up up RP 7960 10682 12 the the DT 7960 10682 13 Persian Persian NNP 7960 10682 14 Gulf Gulf NNP 7960 10682 15 and and CC 7960 10682 16 Tigris Tigris NNP 7960 10682 17 River River NNP 7960 10682 18 to to IN 7960 10682 19 Bagdad Bagdad NNP 7960 10682 20 , , , 7960 10682 21 from from IN 7960 10682 22 which which WDT 7960 10682 23 city city NN 7960 10682 24 goods good NNS 7960 10682 25 went go VBD 7960 10682 26 by by IN 7960 10682 27 caravan caravan NNP 7960 10682 28 to to IN 7960 10682 29 Antioch Antioch NNP 7960 10682 30 or or CC 7960 10682 31 Damascus Damascus NNP 7960 10682 32 . . . 7960 10683 1 The the DT 7960 10683 2 southern southern JJ 7960 10683 3 route route NN 7960 10683 4 reached reach VBD 7960 10683 5 Cairo Cairo NNP 7960 10683 6 and and CC 7960 10683 7 Alexandria Alexandria NNP 7960 10683 8 by by IN 7960 10683 9 way way NN 7960 10683 10 of of IN 7960 10683 11 the the DT 7960 10683 12 Red Red NNP 7960 10683 13 Sea Sea NNP 7960 10683 14 and and CC 7960 10683 15 the the DT 7960 10683 16 Nile Nile NNP 7960 10683 17 . . . 7960 10684 1 By by IN 7960 10684 2 taking take VBG 7960 10684 3 advantage advantage NN 7960 10684 4 of of IN 7960 10684 5 the the DT 7960 10684 6 monsoons monsoon NNS 7960 10684 7 , , , 7960 10684 8 a a DT 7960 10684 9 merchant merchant NN 7960 10684 10 ship ship NN 7960 10684 11 could could MD 7960 10684 12 make make VB 7960 10684 13 the the DT 7960 10684 14 voyage voyage NN 7960 10684 15 from from IN 7960 10684 16 India India NNP 7960 10684 17 to to IN 7960 10684 18 Egypt Egypt NNP 7960 10684 19 in in IN 7960 10684 20 about about RB 7960 10684 21 three three CD 7960 10684 22 months month NNS 7960 10684 23 . . . 7960 10685 1 The the DT 7960 10685 2 northern northern JJ 7960 10685 3 route route NN 7960 10685 4 , , , 7960 10685 5 entirely entirely RB 7960 10685 6 overland overland NNP 7960 10685 7 , , , 7960 10685 8 led lead VBD 7960 10685 9 to to IN 7960 10685 10 ports port NNS 7960 10685 11 on on IN 7960 10685 12 the the DT 7960 10685 13 Black Black NNP 7960 10685 14 Sea Sea NNP 7960 10685 15 and and CC 7960 10685 16 thence thence NN 7960 10685 17 to to IN 7960 10685 18 Constantinople Constantinople NNP 7960 10685 19 . . . 7960 10686 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 10686 2 traversed traverse VBD 7960 10686 3 high high JJ 7960 10686 4 mountain mountain NN 7960 10686 5 passes pass NNS 7960 10686 6 and and CC 7960 10686 7 long long JJ 7960 10686 8 stretches stretch NNS 7960 10686 9 of of IN 7960 10686 10 desert desert NN 7960 10686 11 , , , 7960 10686 12 and and CC 7960 10686 13 could could MD 7960 10686 14 profitably profitably RB 7960 10686 15 be be VB 7960 10686 16 used use VBN 7960 10686 17 only only RB 7960 10686 18 for for IN 7960 10686 19 the the DT 7960 10686 20 transport transport NN 7960 10686 21 of of IN 7960 10686 22 valuable valuable JJ 7960 10686 23 articles article NNS 7960 10686 24 small small JJ 7960 10686 25 in in IN 7960 10686 26 bulk bulk NN 7960 10686 27 . . . 7960 10687 1 The the DT 7960 10687 2 conquests conquest NNS 7960 10687 3 of of IN 7960 10687 4 the the DT 7960 10687 5 Ottoman Ottoman NNP 7960 10687 6 Turks Turks NNPS 7960 10687 7 greatly greatly RB 7960 10687 8 interfered interfere VBD 7960 10687 9 with with IN 7960 10687 10 the the DT 7960 10687 11 use use NN 7960 10687 12 of of IN 7960 10687 13 this this DT 7960 10687 14 route route NN 7960 10687 15 by by IN 7960 10687 16 Christians Christians NNPS 7960 10687 17 after after IN 7960 10687 18 the the DT 7960 10687 19 middle middle NN 7960 10687 20 of of IN 7960 10687 21 the the DT 7960 10687 22 fifteenth fifteenth JJ 7960 10687 23 century century NN 7960 10687 24 . . . 7960 10688 1 EUROPEAN european JJ 7960 10688 2 TRADE trade NN 7960 10688 3 ROUTES route NNS 7960 10688 4 Oriental oriental JJ 7960 10688 5 goods good NNS 7960 10688 6 , , , 7960 10688 7 upon upon IN 7960 10688 8 reaching reach VBG 7960 10688 9 the the DT 7960 10688 10 Mediterranean Mediterranean NNP 7960 10688 11 , , , 7960 10688 12 could could MD 7960 10688 13 be be VB 7960 10688 14 transported transport VBN 7960 10688 15 by by IN 7960 10688 16 water water NN 7960 10688 17 to to IN 7960 10688 18 northern northern JJ 7960 10688 19 Europe Europe NNP 7960 10688 20 . . . 7960 10689 1 Every every DT 7960 10689 2 year year NN 7960 10689 3 the the DT 7960 10689 4 Venetians Venetians NNPS 7960 10689 5 sent send VBD 7960 10689 6 a a DT 7960 10689 7 fleet fleet NN 7960 10689 8 loaded load VBN 7960 10689 9 with with IN 7960 10689 10 eastern eastern JJ 7960 10689 11 products product NNS 7960 10689 12 to to IN 7960 10689 13 Bruges Bruges NNPS 7960 10689 14 in in IN 7960 10689 15 Flanders Flanders NNP 7960 10689 16 , , , 7960 10689 17 a a DT 7960 10689 18 city city NN 7960 10689 19 which which WDT 7960 10689 20 was be VBD 7960 10689 21 the the DT 7960 10689 22 most most RBS 7960 10689 23 important important JJ 7960 10689 24 depot depot NN 7960 10689 25 of of IN 7960 10689 26 trade trade NN 7960 10689 27 with with IN 7960 10689 28 Germany Germany NNP 7960 10689 29 , , , 7960 10689 30 England England NNP 7960 10689 31 , , , 7960 10689 32 and and CC 7960 10689 33 Scandinavia Scandinavia NNP 7960 10689 34 . . . 7960 10690 1 Bruges bruge NNS 7960 10690 2 also also RB 7960 10690 3 formed form VBD 7960 10690 4 the the DT 7960 10690 5 terminus terminus NN 7960 10690 6 of of IN 7960 10690 7 the the DT 7960 10690 8 main main JJ 7960 10690 9 overland overland NN 7960 10690 10 route route NN 7960 10690 11 leading lead VBG 7960 10690 12 from from IN 7960 10690 13 Venice Venice NNP 7960 10690 14 over over IN 7960 10690 15 the the DT 7960 10690 16 Alps Alps NNPS 7960 10690 17 and and CC 7960 10690 18 down down IN 7960 10690 19 the the DT 7960 10690 20 Rhine Rhine NNP 7960 10690 21 . . . 7960 10691 1 But but CC 7960 10691 2 as as IN 7960 10691 3 the the DT 7960 10691 4 map map NN 7960 10691 5 indicates indicate VBZ 7960 10691 6 , , , 7960 10691 7 many many JJ 7960 10691 8 other other JJ 7960 10691 9 commercial commercial JJ 7960 10691 10 highways highway NNS 7960 10691 11 linked link VBD 7960 10691 12 the the DT 7960 10691 13 Mediterranean Mediterranean NNP 7960 10691 14 with with IN 7960 10691 15 the the DT 7960 10691 16 North North NNP 7960 10691 17 Sea Sea NNP 7960 10691 18 and and CC 7960 10691 19 the the DT 7960 10691 20 Baltic Baltic NNP 7960 10691 21 . . . 7960 10692 1 COMMERCIAL COMMERCIAL NNP 7960 10692 2 RELATIONS RELATIONS NNP 7960 10692 3 It -PRON- PRP 7960 10692 4 is be VBZ 7960 10692 5 important important JJ 7960 10692 6 to to TO 7960 10692 7 note note VB 7960 10692 8 that that IN 7960 10692 9 until until IN 7960 10692 10 late late JJ 7960 10692 11 in in IN 7960 10692 12 the the DT 7960 10692 13 Middle Middle NNP 7960 10692 14 Ages Ages NNP 7960 10692 15 trade trade NN 7960 10692 16 existed exist VBD 7960 10692 17 , , , 7960 10692 18 not not RB 7960 10692 19 between between IN 7960 10692 20 nations nation NNS 7960 10692 21 , , , 7960 10692 22 but but CC 7960 10692 23 between between IN 7960 10692 24 cities city NNS 7960 10692 25 . . . 7960 10693 1 A a DT 7960 10693 2 merchant merchant NN 7960 10693 3 of of IN 7960 10693 4 London London NNP 7960 10693 5 was be VBD 7960 10693 6 almost almost RB 7960 10693 7 as as RB 7960 10693 8 much much JJ 7960 10693 9 a a DT 7960 10693 10 foreigner foreigner NN 7960 10693 11 in in IN 7960 10693 12 any any DT 7960 10693 13 other other JJ 7960 10693 14 English english JJ 7960 10693 15 city city NN 7960 10693 16 as as IN 7960 10693 17 he -PRON- PRP 7960 10693 18 would would MD 7960 10693 19 have have VB 7960 10693 20 been be VBN 7960 10693 21 in in IN 7960 10693 22 Bruges Bruges NNP 7960 10693 23 , , , 7960 10693 24 Paris Paris NNP 7960 10693 25 , , , 7960 10693 26 or or CC 7960 10693 27 Cologne Cologne NNP 7960 10693 28 . . . 7960 10694 1 Consequently consequently RB 7960 10694 2 , , , 7960 10694 3 each each DT 7960 10694 4 city city NN 7960 10694 5 needed need VBD 7960 10694 6 to to TO 7960 10694 7 make make VB 7960 10694 8 commercial commercial JJ 7960 10694 9 treaties treaty NNS 7960 10694 10 with with IN 7960 10694 11 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10694 12 neighbors neighbor NNS 7960 10694 13 , , , 7960 10694 14 stipulating stipulate VBG 7960 10694 15 what what WP 7960 10694 16 were be VBD 7960 10694 17 the the DT 7960 10694 18 privileges privilege NNS 7960 10694 19 and and CC 7960 10694 20 obligations obligation NNS 7960 10694 21 of of IN 7960 10694 22 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10694 23 merchants merchant NNS 7960 10694 24 , , , 7960 10694 25 wherever wherever WRB 7960 10694 26 they -PRON- PRP 7960 10694 27 went go VBD 7960 10694 28 . . . 7960 10695 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 10695 2 was be VBD 7960 10695 3 not not RB 7960 10695 4 until until IN 7960 10695 5 the the DT 7960 10695 6 kings king NNS 7960 10695 7 grew grow VBD 7960 10695 8 strong strong JJ 7960 10695 9 in in IN 7960 10695 10 western western JJ 7960 10695 11 Europe Europe NNP 7960 10695 12 that that IN 7960 10695 13 merchants merchant NNS 7960 10695 14 could could MD 7960 10695 15 rely rely VB 7960 10695 16 on on IN 7960 10695 17 the the DT 7960 10695 18 central central JJ 7960 10695 19 government government NN 7960 10695 20 , , , 7960 10695 21 rather rather RB 7960 10695 22 than than IN 7960 10695 23 on on IN 7960 10695 24 local local JJ 7960 10695 25 authorities authority NNS 7960 10695 26 , , , 7960 10695 27 for for IN 7960 10695 28 protection protection NN 7960 10695 29 . . . 7960 10696 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10696 2 Illustration illustration NN 7960 10696 3 : : : 7960 10696 4 Map Map NNP 7960 10696 5 , , , 7960 10696 6 MEDIEVAL MEDIEVAL NNP 7960 10696 7 TRADE trade NN 7960 10696 8 ROUTES route NNS 7960 10696 9 Land land NN 7960 10696 10 Routes Routes NNPS 7960 10696 11 Water Water NNP 7960 10696 12 Routes Routes NNPS 7960 10696 13 Marco Marco NNP 7960 10696 14 Polo Polo NNP 7960 10696 15 's 's POS 7960 10696 16 Route route NN 7960 10696 17 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10696 18 196 196 CD 7960 10696 19 . . . 7960 10697 1 MONEY money NN 7960 10697 2 AND and CC 7960 10697 3 BANKING banking NN 7960 10697 4 SMALL small JJ 7960 10697 5 SCALE SCALE NNP 7960 10697 6 OF of IN 7960 10697 7 BUSINESS BUSINESS NNP 7960 10697 8 ENTERPRISE ENTERPRISE NNP 7960 10697 9 We -PRON- PRP 7960 10697 10 have have VBP 7960 10697 11 seen see VBN 7960 10697 12 that that DT 7960 10697 13 business business NN 7960 10697 14 in in IN 7960 10697 15 the the DT 7960 10697 16 Middle Middle NNP 7960 10697 17 Ages Ages NNP 7960 10697 18 was be VBD 7960 10697 19 chiefly chiefly RB 7960 10697 20 of of IN 7960 10697 21 a a DT 7960 10697 22 retail retail JJ 7960 10697 23 character character NN 7960 10697 24 and and CC 7960 10697 25 was be VBD 7960 10697 26 conducted conduct VBN 7960 10697 27 in in IN 7960 10697 28 markets market NNS 7960 10697 29 and and CC 7960 10697 30 fairs fair NNS 7960 10697 31 . . . 7960 10698 1 The the DT 7960 10698 2 artisan artisan NN 7960 10698 3 who who WP 7960 10698 4 manufactured manufacture VBD 7960 10698 5 the the DT 7960 10698 6 goods good NNS 7960 10698 7 he -PRON- PRP 7960 10698 8 sold sell VBD 7960 10698 9 and and CC 7960 10698 10 the the DT 7960 10698 11 peddler peddler NN 7960 10698 12 who who WP 7960 10698 13 carried carry VBD 7960 10698 14 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10698 15 goods good NNS 7960 10698 16 about about IN 7960 10698 17 from from IN 7960 10698 18 place place NN 7960 10698 19 to to IN 7960 10698 20 place place NN 7960 10698 21 were be VBD 7960 10698 22 the the DT 7960 10698 23 leading lead VBG 7960 10698 24 types type NNS 7960 10698 25 of of IN 7960 10698 26 medieval medieval JJ 7960 10698 27 traders trader NNS 7960 10698 28 . . . 7960 10699 1 Little little JJ 7960 10699 2 wholesale wholesale JJ 7960 10699 3 business business NN 7960 10699 4 existed exist VBD 7960 10699 5 , , , 7960 10699 6 and and CC 7960 10699 7 the the DT 7960 10699 8 merchant merchant NN 7960 10699 9 prince prince NN 7960 10699 10 who who WP 7960 10699 11 owned own VBD 7960 10699 12 warehouses warehouse NNS 7960 10699 13 and and CC 7960 10699 14 large large JJ 7960 10699 15 stocks stock NNS 7960 10699 16 of of IN 7960 10699 17 goods good NNS 7960 10699 18 was be VBD 7960 10699 19 an an DT 7960 10699 20 exceptional exceptional JJ 7960 10699 21 figure figure NN 7960 10699 22 . . . 7960 10700 1 LACK LACK NNS 7960 10700 2 OF of IN 7960 10700 3 MONEY money NN 7960 10700 4 One one CD 7960 10700 5 reason reason NN 7960 10700 6 for for IN 7960 10700 7 the the DT 7960 10700 8 small small JJ 7960 10700 9 scale scale NN 7960 10700 10 of of IN 7960 10700 11 business business NN 7960 10700 12 enterprise enterprise NN 7960 10700 13 is be VBZ 7960 10700 14 found find VBN 7960 10700 15 in in IN 7960 10700 16 the the DT 7960 10700 17 inadequate inadequate JJ 7960 10700 18 supply supply NN 7960 10700 19 of of IN 7960 10700 20 money money NN 7960 10700 21 . . . 7960 10701 1 From from IN 7960 10701 2 the the DT 7960 10701 3 beginning beginning NN 7960 10701 4 of of IN 7960 10701 5 the the DT 7960 10701 6 Christian christian JJ 7960 10701 7 era era NN 7960 10701 8 to to IN 7960 10701 9 the the DT 7960 10701 10 twelfth twelfth JJ 7960 10701 11 century century NN 7960 10701 12 there there EX 7960 10701 13 seems seem VBZ 7960 10701 14 to to TO 7960 10701 15 have have VB 7960 10701 16 been be VBN 7960 10701 17 a a DT 7960 10701 18 steady steady JJ 7960 10701 19 decrease decrease NN 7960 10701 20 in in IN 7960 10701 21 the the DT 7960 10701 22 amount amount NN 7960 10701 23 of of IN 7960 10701 24 specie specie NN 7960 10701 25 in in IN 7960 10701 26 circulation circulation NN 7960 10701 27 , , , 7960 10701 28 partly partly RB 7960 10701 29 because because IN 7960 10701 30 so so RB 7960 10701 31 much much RB 7960 10701 32 moved move VBD 7960 10701 33 to to IN 7960 10701 34 the the DT 7960 10701 35 Orient Orient NNP 7960 10701 36 in in IN 7960 10701 37 payment payment NN 7960 10701 38 for for IN 7960 10701 39 luxuries luxury NNS 7960 10701 40 , , , 7960 10701 41 and and CC 7960 10701 42 partly partly RB 7960 10701 43 because because IN 7960 10701 44 the the DT 7960 10701 45 few few JJ 7960 10701 46 mines mine NNS 7960 10701 47 in in IN 7960 10701 48 western western JJ 7960 10701 49 Europe Europe NNP 7960 10701 50 went go VBD 7960 10701 51 out out IN 7960 10701 52 of of IN 7960 10701 53 use use NN 7960 10701 54 during during IN 7960 10701 55 the the DT 7960 10701 56 period period NN 7960 10701 57 of of IN 7960 10701 58 the the DT 7960 10701 59 invasions invasion NNS 7960 10701 60 . . . 7960 10702 1 The the DT 7960 10702 2 scarcity scarcity NN 7960 10702 3 of of IN 7960 10702 4 money money NN 7960 10702 5 , , , 7960 10702 6 as as IN 7960 10702 7 has have VBZ 7960 10702 8 been be VBN 7960 10702 9 shown show VBN 7960 10702 10 , , , 7960 10702 11 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10702 12 17 17 CD 7960 10702 13 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10702 14 helped help VBD 7960 10702 15 directly directly RB 7960 10702 16 to to TO 7960 10702 17 build build VB 7960 10702 18 up up RP 7960 10702 19 the the DT 7960 10702 20 feudal feudal JJ 7960 10702 21 system system NN 7960 10702 22 , , , 7960 10702 23 since since IN 7960 10702 24 salaries salary NNS 7960 10702 25 , , , 7960 10702 26 wages wage NNS 7960 10702 27 , , , 7960 10702 28 and and CC 7960 10702 29 rents rent NNS 7960 10702 30 could could MD 7960 10702 31 be be VB 7960 10702 32 paid pay VBN 7960 10702 33 only only RB 7960 10702 34 in in IN 7960 10702 35 personal personal JJ 7960 10702 36 services service NNS 7960 10702 37 or or CC 7960 10702 38 in in IN 7960 10702 39 produce produce NN 7960 10702 40 . . . 7960 10703 1 The the DT 7960 10703 2 money money NN 7960 10703 3 supply supply NN 7960 10703 4 increased increase VBD 7960 10703 5 during during IN 7960 10703 6 the the DT 7960 10703 7 latter latter JJ 7960 10703 8 part part NN 7960 10703 9 of of IN 7960 10703 10 the the DT 7960 10703 11 Middle Middle NNP 7960 10703 12 Ages Ages NNPS 7960 10703 13 , , , 7960 10703 14 but but CC 7960 10703 15 it -PRON- PRP 7960 10703 16 did do VBD 7960 10703 17 not not RB 7960 10703 18 become become VB 7960 10703 19 sufficient sufficient JJ 7960 10703 20 for for IN 7960 10703 21 the the DT 7960 10703 22 needs need NNS 7960 10703 23 of of IN 7960 10703 24 business business NN 7960 10703 25 till till IN 7960 10703 26 the the DT 7960 10703 27 discovery discovery NN 7960 10703 28 of of IN 7960 10703 29 the the DT 7960 10703 30 New New NNP 7960 10703 31 World World NNP 7960 10703 32 enabled enable VBD 7960 10703 33 the the DT 7960 10703 34 Spaniards Spaniards NNPS 7960 10703 35 to to TO 7960 10703 36 tap tap VB 7960 10703 37 the the DT 7960 10703 38 wealth wealth NN 7960 10703 39 of of IN 7960 10703 40 the the DT 7960 10703 41 silver silver NN 7960 10703 42 mines mine NNS 7960 10703 43 in in IN 7960 10703 44 Mexico Mexico NNP 7960 10703 45 and and CC 7960 10703 46 Peru Peru NNP 7960 10703 47 . . . 7960 10704 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10704 2 18 18 CD 7960 10704 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10704 4 FAULTS FAULTS NNP 7960 10704 5 OF of IN 7960 10704 6 MEDIEVAL MEDIEVAL NNP 7960 10704 7 CURRENCY CURRENCY VBD 7960 10704 8 Medieval medieval JJ 7960 10704 9 currency currency NN 7960 10704 10 was be VBD 7960 10704 11 not not RB 7960 10704 12 only only RB 7960 10704 13 small small JJ 7960 10704 14 in in IN 7960 10704 15 amount amount NN 7960 10704 16 but but CC 7960 10704 17 also also RB 7960 10704 18 faulty faulty JJ 7960 10704 19 in in IN 7960 10704 20 character character NN 7960 10704 21 . . . 7960 10705 1 Many many JJ 7960 10705 2 great great JJ 7960 10705 3 nobles noble NNS 7960 10705 4 enjoyed enjoy VBD 7960 10705 5 the the DT 7960 10705 6 privilege privilege NN 7960 10705 7 of of IN 7960 10705 8 keeping keep VBG 7960 10705 9 a a DT 7960 10705 10 mint mint NN 7960 10705 11 and and CC 7960 10705 12 issuing issue VBG 7960 10705 13 coins coin NNS 7960 10705 14 . . . 7960 10706 1 Since since IN 7960 10706 2 this this DT 7960 10706 3 feudal feudal JJ 7960 10706 4 money money NN 7960 10706 5 passed pass VBD 7960 10706 6 at at IN 7960 10706 7 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10706 8 full full JJ 7960 10706 9 value value NN 7960 10706 10 only only RB 7960 10706 11 in in IN 7960 10706 12 the the DT 7960 10706 13 locality locality NN 7960 10706 14 where where WRB 7960 10706 15 it -PRON- PRP 7960 10706 16 was be VBD 7960 10706 17 minted mint VBN 7960 10706 18 , , , 7960 10706 19 a a DT 7960 10706 20 merchant merchant NN 7960 10706 21 had have VBD 7960 10706 22 to to TO 7960 10706 23 be be VB 7960 10706 24 constantly constantly RB 7960 10706 25 changing change VBG 7960 10706 26 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10706 27 money money NN 7960 10706 28 , , , 7960 10706 29 as as IN 7960 10706 30 he -PRON- PRP 7960 10706 31 went go VBD 7960 10706 32 from from IN 7960 10706 33 one one CD 7960 10706 34 fief fief NN 7960 10706 35 to to IN 7960 10706 36 another another DT 7960 10706 37 , , , 7960 10706 38 and and CC 7960 10706 39 always always RB 7960 10706 40 at at IN 7960 10706 41 a a DT 7960 10706 42 loss loss NN 7960 10706 43 . . . 7960 10707 1 Kings king NNS 7960 10707 2 and and CC 7960 10707 3 nobles noble NNS 7960 10707 4 for for IN 7960 10707 5 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10707 6 own own JJ 7960 10707 7 profit profit NN 7960 10707 8 would would MD 7960 10707 9 often often RB 7960 10707 10 debase debase VB 7960 10707 11 the the DT 7960 10707 12 currency currency NN 7960 10707 13 by by IN 7960 10707 14 putting put VBG 7960 10707 15 silver silver NN 7960 10707 16 into into IN 7960 10707 17 the the DT 7960 10707 18 gold gold NN 7960 10707 19 coins coin NNS 7960 10707 20 and and CC 7960 10707 21 copper copper NN 7960 10707 22 into into IN 7960 10707 23 the the DT 7960 10707 24 silver silver JJ 7960 10707 25 coins coin NNS 7960 10707 26 . . . 7960 10708 1 Every every DT 7960 10708 2 debasement debasement NN 7960 10708 3 , , , 7960 10708 4 as as IN 7960 10708 5 it -PRON- PRP 7960 10708 6 left leave VBD 7960 10708 7 the the DT 7960 10708 8 coins coin NNS 7960 10708 9 with with IN 7960 10708 10 less less RBR 7960 10708 11 pure pure JJ 7960 10708 12 metal metal NN 7960 10708 13 , , , 7960 10708 14 lowered lower VBD 7960 10708 15 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10708 16 purchasing purchasing NN 7960 10708 17 power power NN 7960 10708 18 and and CC 7960 10708 19 so so RB 7960 10708 20 raised raise VBN 7960 10708 21 prices price NNS 7960 10708 22 unexpectedly unexpectedly RB 7960 10708 23 . . . 7960 10709 1 Even even RB 7960 10709 2 in in IN 7960 10709 3 countries country NNS 7960 10709 4 like like IN 7960 10709 5 England England NNP 7960 10709 6 , , , 7960 10709 7 where where WRB 7960 10709 8 debasement debasement NN 7960 10709 9 was be VBD 7960 10709 10 exceptional exceptional JJ 7960 10709 11 , , , 7960 10709 12 much much JJ 7960 10709 13 counterfeit counterfeit JJ 7960 10709 14 money money NN 7960 10709 15 circulated circulate VBD 7960 10709 16 , , , 7960 10709 17 to to IN 7960 10709 18 the the DT 7960 10709 19 constant constant JJ 7960 10709 20 impediment impediment NN 7960 10709 21 of of IN 7960 10709 22 trade trade NN 7960 10709 23 . . . 7960 10710 1 " " `` 7960 10710 2 USURY USURY NNP 7960 10710 3 " " '' 7960 10710 4 LAWS LAWS NNP 7960 10710 5 The the DT 7960 10710 6 prejudice prejudice NN 7960 10710 7 against against IN 7960 10710 8 " " `` 7960 10710 9 usury usury JJ 7960 10710 10 , , , 7960 10710 11 " " '' 7960 10710 12 as as IN 7960 10710 13 any any DT 7960 10710 14 lending lending NN 7960 10710 15 of of IN 7960 10710 16 money money NN 7960 10710 17 at at IN 7960 10710 18 interest interest NN 7960 10710 19 was be VBD 7960 10710 20 called call VBN 7960 10710 21 , , , 7960 10710 22 made make VBD 7960 10710 23 another another DT 7960 10710 24 hindrance hindrance NN 7960 10710 25 to to IN 7960 10710 26 business business NN 7960 10710 27 enterprise enterprise NN 7960 10710 28 . . . 7960 10711 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 10711 2 seemed seem VBD 7960 10711 3 wrong wrong JJ 7960 10711 4 for for IN 7960 10711 5 a a DT 7960 10711 6 person person NN 7960 10711 7 to to TO 7960 10711 8 receive receive VB 7960 10711 9 interest interest NN 7960 10711 10 , , , 7960 10711 11 since since IN 7960 10711 12 he -PRON- PRP 7960 10711 13 lost lose VBD 7960 10711 14 nothing nothing NN 7960 10711 15 by by IN 7960 10711 16 the the DT 7960 10711 17 loan loan NN 7960 10711 18 of of IN 7960 10711 19 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10711 20 money money NN 7960 10711 21 . . . 7960 10712 1 Numerous Numerous NNP 7960 10712 2 Church Church NNP 7960 10712 3 laws law NNS 7960 10712 4 condemned condemn VBD 7960 10712 5 the the DT 7960 10712 6 receipt receipt NN 7960 10712 7 of of IN 7960 10712 8 interest interest NN 7960 10712 9 as as IN 7960 10712 10 unchristian unchristian JJ 7960 10712 11 . . . 7960 10713 1 If if IN 7960 10713 2 , , , 7960 10713 3 however however RB 7960 10713 4 , , , 7960 10713 5 the the DT 7960 10713 6 lender lender NN 7960 10713 7 could could MD 7960 10713 8 show show VB 7960 10713 9 that that IN 7960 10713 10 he -PRON- PRP 7960 10713 11 had have VBD 7960 10713 12 suffered suffer VBN 7960 10713 13 any any DT 7960 10713 14 loss loss NN 7960 10713 15 , , , 7960 10713 16 or or CC 7960 10713 17 had have VBD 7960 10713 18 been be VBN 7960 10713 19 prevented prevent VBN 7960 10713 20 from from IN 7960 10713 21 making make VBG 7960 10713 22 any any DT 7960 10713 23 gain gain NN 7960 10713 24 , , , 7960 10713 25 through through IN 7960 10713 26 not not RB 7960 10713 27 having have VBG 7960 10713 28 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10713 29 money money NN 7960 10713 30 , , , 7960 10713 31 he -PRON- PRP 7960 10713 32 might may MD 7960 10713 33 charge charge VB 7960 10713 34 something something NN 7960 10713 35 for for IN 7960 10713 36 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10713 37 use use NN 7960 10713 38 . . . 7960 10714 1 In in IN 7960 10714 2 time time NN 7960 10714 3 people people NNS 7960 10714 4 began begin VBD 7960 10714 5 to to TO 7960 10714 6 distinguish distinguish VB 7960 10714 7 between between IN 7960 10714 8 interest interest NN 7960 10714 9 moderate moderate JJ 7960 10714 10 in in IN 7960 10714 11 amount amount NN 7960 10714 12 and and CC 7960 10714 13 an an DT 7960 10714 14 excessive excessive JJ 7960 10714 15 charge charge NN 7960 10714 16 for for IN 7960 10714 17 the the DT 7960 10714 18 use use NN 7960 10714 19 of of IN 7960 10714 20 money money NN 7960 10714 21 . . . 7960 10715 1 The the DT 7960 10715 2 latter latter JJ 7960 10715 3 alone alone RB 7960 10715 4 was be VBD 7960 10715 5 henceforth henceforth RB 7960 10715 6 prohibited prohibit VBN 7960 10715 7 as as RB 7960 10715 8 usurious usurious JJ 7960 10715 9 . . . 7960 10716 1 Most Most JJS 7960 10716 2 modern modern JJ 7960 10716 3 states state NNS 7960 10716 4 still still RB 7960 10716 5 have have VBP 7960 10716 6 usury usury JJ 7960 10716 7 laws law NNS 7960 10716 8 which which WDT 7960 10716 9 fix fix VBP 7960 10716 10 the the DT 7960 10716 11 legal legal JJ 7960 10716 12 rate rate NN 7960 10716 13 of of IN 7960 10716 14 interest interest NN 7960 10716 15 . . . 7960 10717 1 THE the DT 7960 10717 2 JEWS JEWS NNP 7960 10717 3 AS as IN 7960 10717 4 MONEY money NN 7960 10717 5 LENDERS lender VBZ 7960 10717 6 The the DT 7960 10717 7 business business NN 7960 10717 8 of of IN 7960 10717 9 money money NN 7960 10717 10 lending lending NN 7960 10717 11 , , , 7960 10717 12 denied deny VBN 7960 10717 13 to to IN 7960 10717 14 Christians Christians NNPS 7960 10717 15 , , , 7960 10717 16 fell fall VBD 7960 10717 17 into into IN 7960 10717 18 the the DT 7960 10717 19 hands hand NNS 7960 10717 20 of of IN 7960 10717 21 the the DT 7960 10717 22 Jews Jews NNPS 7960 10717 23 . . . 7960 10718 1 In in IN 7960 10718 2 nearly nearly RB 7960 10718 3 all all DT 7960 10718 4 European european JJ 7960 10718 5 countries country NNS 7960 10718 6 popular popular JJ 7960 10718 7 prejudice prejudice NN 7960 10718 8 forbade forbid VBD 7960 10718 9 the the DT 7960 10718 10 Jews Jews NNPS 7960 10718 11 to to TO 7960 10718 12 engage engage VB 7960 10718 13 in in IN 7960 10718 14 agriculture agriculture NN 7960 10718 15 , , , 7960 10718 16 while while IN 7960 10718 17 the the DT 7960 10718 18 guild guild NN 7960 10718 19 regulations regulation NNS 7960 10718 20 barred bar VBD 7960 10718 21 them -PRON- PRP 7960 10718 22 from from IN 7960 10718 23 industry industry NN 7960 10718 24 . . . 7960 10719 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 10719 2 turned turn VBD 7960 10719 3 to to IN 7960 10719 4 trade trade NN 7960 10719 5 and and CC 7960 10719 6 finance finance NN 7960 10719 7 for for IN 7960 10719 8 a a DT 7960 10719 9 livelihood livelihood NN 7960 10719 10 and and CC 7960 10719 11 became become VBD 7960 10719 12 the the DT 7960 10719 13 chief chief JJ 7960 10719 14 capitalists capitalist NNS 7960 10719 15 of of IN 7960 10719 16 medieval medieval JJ 7960 10719 17 times time NNS 7960 10719 18 . . . 7960 10720 1 But but CC 7960 10720 2 the the DT 7960 10720 3 law law NN 7960 10720 4 gave give VBD 7960 10720 5 the the DT 7960 10720 6 Jews Jews NNPS 7960 10720 7 no no DT 7960 10720 8 protection protection NN 7960 10720 9 , , , 7960 10720 10 and and CC 7960 10720 11 kings king NNS 7960 10720 12 and and CC 7960 10720 13 nobles noble NNS 7960 10720 14 constantly constantly RB 7960 10720 15 extorted extort VBD 7960 10720 16 large large JJ 7960 10720 17 sums sum NNS 7960 10720 18 from from IN 7960 10720 19 them -PRON- PRP 7960 10720 20 . . . 7960 10721 1 The the DT 7960 10721 2 persecutions persecution NNS 7960 10721 3 of of IN 7960 10721 4 the the DT 7960 10721 5 Jews Jews NNPS 7960 10721 6 date date NN 7960 10721 7 from from IN 7960 10721 8 the the DT 7960 10721 9 era era NN 7960 10721 10 of of IN 7960 10721 11 the the DT 7960 10721 12 crusades crusade NNS 7960 10721 13 , , , 7960 10721 14 when when WRB 7960 10721 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7960 10724 15 . . . 7960 10725 1 Florence Florence NNP 7960 10725 2 , , , 7960 10725 3 Genoa Genoa NNP 7960 10725 4 , , , 7960 10725 5 and and CC 7960 10725 6 Venice Venice NNP 7960 10725 7 in in IN 7960 10725 8 the the DT 7960 10725 9 thirteenth thirteenth JJ 7960 10725 10 century century NN 7960 10725 11 were be VBD 7960 10725 12 the the DT 7960 10725 13 money money NN 7960 10725 14 centers center NNS 7960 10725 15 of of IN 7960 10725 16 Europe Europe NNP 7960 10725 17 . . . 7960 10726 1 The the DT 7960 10726 2 banking banking NN 7960 10726 3 companies company NNS 7960 10726 4 in in IN 7960 10726 5 these these DT 7960 10726 6 cities city NNS 7960 10726 7 received receive VBD 7960 10726 8 deposits deposit NNS 7960 10726 9 and and CC 7960 10726 10 then then RB 7960 10726 11 loaned loan VBD 7960 10726 12 the the DT 7960 10726 13 money money NN 7960 10726 14 to to IN 7960 10726 15 foreign foreign JJ 7960 10726 16 governments government NNS 7960 10726 17 and and CC 7960 10726 18 great great JJ 7960 10726 19 nobles noble NNS 7960 10726 20 . . . 7960 10727 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 10727 2 was be VBD 7960 10727 3 the the DT 7960 10727 4 Florentine Florentine NNP 7960 10727 5 bankers banker NNS 7960 10727 6 , , , 7960 10727 7 for for IN 7960 10727 8 instance instance NN 7960 10727 9 , , , 7960 10727 10 who who WP 7960 10727 11 provided provide VBD 7960 10727 12 the the DT 7960 10727 13 English english JJ 7960 10727 14 king king NN 7960 10727 15 , , , 7960 10727 16 Edward Edward NNP 7960 10727 17 III III NNP 7960 10727 18 , , , 7960 10727 19 with with IN 7960 10727 20 the the DT 7960 10727 21 funds fund NNS 7960 10727 22 to to TO 7960 10727 23 carry carry VB 7960 10727 24 on on IN 7960 10727 25 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10727 26 wars war NNS 7960 10727 27 against against IN 7960 10727 28 France France NNP 7960 10727 29 . . . 7960 10728 1 The the DT 7960 10728 2 Italian italian JJ 7960 10728 3 banking banking NN 7960 10728 4 houses house NNS 7960 10728 5 had have VBD 7960 10728 6 branches branch NNS 7960 10728 7 in in IN 7960 10728 8 the the DT 7960 10728 9 principal principal JJ 7960 10728 10 cities city NNS 7960 10728 11 of of IN 7960 10728 12 Europe Europe NNP 7960 10728 13 . . . 7960 10729 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10729 2 19 19 CD 7960 10729 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10729 4 It -PRON- PRP 7960 10729 5 became become VBD 7960 10729 6 possible possible JJ 7960 10729 7 , , , 7960 10729 8 therefore therefore RB 7960 10729 9 , , , 7960 10729 10 to to TO 7960 10729 11 introduce introduce VB 7960 10729 12 the the DT 7960 10729 13 use use NN 7960 10729 14 of of IN 7960 10729 15 bills bill NNS 7960 10729 16 of of IN 7960 10729 17 exchange exchange NN 7960 10729 18 as as IN 7960 10729 19 a a DT 7960 10729 20 means means NN 7960 10729 21 of of IN 7960 10729 22 balancing balance VBG 7960 10729 23 debts debt NNS 7960 10729 24 between between IN 7960 10729 25 countries country NNS 7960 10729 26 , , , 7960 10729 27 without without IN 7960 10729 28 the the DT 7960 10729 29 necessity 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7960 10731 6 by by IN 7960 10731 7 double double JJ 7960 10731 8 - - HYPH 7960 10731 9 entry entry NN 7960 10731 10 . . . 7960 10732 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10732 2 20 20 CD 7960 10732 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10732 4 197 197 CD 7960 10732 5 . . . 7960 10733 1 ITALIAN italian JJ 7960 10733 2 CITIES city NNS 7960 10733 3 THE the DT 7960 10733 4 CITY CITY NNP 7960 10733 5 REPUBLICS republics NN 7960 10733 6 The the DT 7960 10733 7 cities city NNS 7960 10733 8 of of IN 7960 10733 9 northern northern JJ 7960 10733 10 Italy Italy NNP 7960 10733 11 owed owe VBD 7960 10733 12 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10733 13 prosperity prosperity NN 7960 10733 14 , , , 7960 10733 15 as as IN 7960 10733 16 we -PRON- PRP 7960 10733 17 have have VBP 7960 10733 18 learned learn VBN 7960 10733 19 , , , 7960 10733 20 to to IN 7960 10733 21 the the DT 7960 10733 22 commerce commerce NN 7960 10733 23 with with IN 7960 10733 24 the the DT 7960 10733 25 Orient Orient NNP 7960 10733 26 . . . 7960 10734 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 10734 2 was 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10756 6 cloths cloth NNS 7960 10756 7 , , , 7960 10756 8 golden golden JJ 7960 10756 9 brocades brocade NNS 7960 10756 10 , , , 7960 10756 11 jewelry jewelry NN 7960 10756 12 , , , 7960 10756 13 and and CC 7960 10756 14 metal metal NN 7960 10756 15 work work NN 7960 10756 16 of of IN 7960 10756 17 Florence Florence NNP 7960 10756 18 were be VBD 7960 10756 19 imported import VBN 7960 10756 20 into into IN 7960 10756 21 all all DT 7960 10756 22 European european JJ 7960 10756 23 countries country NNS 7960 10756 24 . . . 7960 10757 1 The the DT 7960 10757 2 craft craft NN 7960 10757 3 guilds guild NNS 7960 10757 4 were be VBD 7960 10757 5 very very RB 7960 10757 6 strong strong JJ 7960 10757 7 there there RB 7960 10757 8 , , , 7960 10757 9 and and CC 7960 10757 10 even even RB 7960 10757 11 the the DT 7960 10757 12 neighboring neighbor VBG 7960 10757 13 nobles noble NNS 7960 10757 14 , , , 7960 10757 15 who who WP 7960 10757 16 wished wish VBD 7960 10757 17 to to TO 7960 10757 18 become become VB 7960 10757 19 citizens citizen NNS 7960 10757 20 , , , 7960 10757 21 had have VBD 7960 10757 22 first first RB 7960 10757 23 to to TO 7960 10757 24 enroll enroll VB 7960 10757 25 themselves -PRON- PRP 7960 10757 26 in in IN 7960 10757 27 some some DT 7960 10757 28 guild guild NN 7960 10757 29 . . . 7960 10758 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 10758 2 was be VBD 7960 10758 3 from from IN 7960 10758 4 banking banking NN 7960 10758 5 , , , 7960 10758 6 however however RB 7960 10758 7 , , , 7960 10758 8 that that IN 7960 10758 9 Florence Florence NNP 7960 10758 10 gained gain VBD 7960 10758 11 most most JJS 7960 10758 12 wealth wealth NN 7960 10758 13 . . . 7960 10759 1 In in IN 7960 10759 2 the the DT 7960 10759 3 fifteenth fifteenth JJ 7960 10759 4 century century NN 7960 10759 5 the the DT 7960 10759 6 city city NN 7960 10759 7 contained contain VBD 7960 10759 8 eighty eighty CD 7960 10759 9 great great JJ 7960 10759 10 banking banking NN 7960 10759 11 houses house NNS 7960 10759 12 , , , 7960 10759 13 in in IN 7960 10759 14 addition addition NN 7960 10759 15 to to IN 7960 10759 16 numerous numerous JJ 7960 10759 17 branches branch NNS 7960 10759 18 outside outside RB 7960 10759 19 of of IN 7960 10759 20 Italy Italy NNP 7960 10759 21 . . . 7960 10760 1 With with IN 7960 10760 2 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10760 3 commercial commercial JJ 7960 10760 4 spirit spirit NN 7960 10760 5 the the DT 7960 10760 6 Florentines Florentines NNPS 7960 10760 7 combined combine VBD 7960 10760 8 a a DT 7960 10760 9 remarkable remarkable JJ 7960 10760 10 taste taste NN 7960 10760 11 for for IN 7960 10760 12 art art NN 7960 10760 13 and and CC 7960 10760 14 literature literature NN 7960 10760 15 . . . 7960 10761 1 Their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10761 2 city city NN 7960 10761 3 , , , 7960 10761 4 whose whose WP$ 7960 10761 5 population population NN 7960 10761 6 never never RB 7960 10761 7 exceeded exceed VBD 7960 10761 8 seventy seventy CD 7960 10761 9 thousand thousand CD 7960 10761 10 , , , 7960 10761 11 gave give VBD 7960 10761 12 birth birth NN 7960 10761 13 to to IN 7960 10761 14 some some DT 7960 10761 15 of of IN 7960 10761 16 the the DT 7960 10761 17 most most RBS 7960 10761 18 illustrious illustrious JJ 7960 10761 19 poets poet NNS 7960 10761 20 , , , 7960 10761 21 prose prose NN 7960 10761 22 writers writer NNS 7960 10761 23 , , , 7960 10761 24 architects architect NNS 7960 10761 25 , , , 7960 10761 26 sculptors sculptor NNS 7960 10761 27 , , , 7960 10761 28 and and CC 7960 10761 29 painters painter NNS 7960 10761 30 of of IN 7960 10761 31 medieval medieval JJ 7960 10761 32 times time NNS 7960 10761 33 . . . 7960 10762 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 10762 2 was be VBD 7960 10762 3 the the DT 7960 10762 4 Athens Athens NNP 7960 10762 5 of of IN 7960 10762 6 Italy Italy NNP 7960 10762 7 . . . 7960 10763 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10763 2 22 22 CD 7960 10763 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10763 4 GENOA GENOA NNP 7960 10763 5 Genoa Genoa NNP 7960 10763 6 , , , 7960 10763 7 located locate VBN 7960 10763 8 on on IN 7960 10763 9 the the DT 7960 10763 10 gulf gulf NN 7960 10763 11 of of IN 7960 10763 12 the the DT 7960 10763 13 same same JJ 7960 10763 14 name name NN 7960 10763 15 , , , 7960 10763 16 possessed possess VBD 7960 10763 17 a a DT 7960 10763 18 safe safe JJ 7960 10763 19 and and CC 7960 10763 20 spacious spacious JJ 7960 10763 21 harbor harbor NN 7960 10763 22 . . . 7960 10764 1 During during IN 7960 10764 2 the the DT 7960 10764 3 era era NN 7960 10764 4 of of IN 7960 10764 5 the the DT 7960 10764 6 crusades crusade NNS 7960 10764 7 the the DT 7960 10764 8 city city NN 7960 10764 9 carried carry VBN 7960 10764 10 on on IN 7960 10764 11 a a DT 7960 10764 12 flourishing flourishing JJ 7960 10764 13 trade trade NN 7960 10764 14 in in IN 7960 10764 15 both both CC 7960 10764 16 the the DT 7960 10764 17 Mediterranean Mediterranean NNP 7960 10764 18 and and CC 7960 10764 19 the the DT 7960 10764 20 Atlantic Atlantic NNP 7960 10764 21 . . . 7960 10765 1 After after IN 7960 10765 2 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to to IN 7960 10766 15 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10766 16 prosperity prosperity NN 7960 10766 17 , , , 7960 10766 18 which which WDT 7960 10766 19 also also RB 7960 10766 20 suffered suffer VBD 7960 10766 21 from from IN 7960 10766 22 the the DT 7960 10766 23 active active JJ 7960 10766 24 competition competition NN 7960 10766 25 of of IN 7960 10766 26 Venice Venice NNP 7960 10766 27 . . . 7960 10767 1 SITUATION situation NN 7960 10767 2 OF of IN 7960 10767 3 VENICE VENICE NNP 7960 10767 4 Almost almost RB 7960 10767 5 alone alone JJ 7960 10767 6 among among IN 7960 10767 7 Italian italian JJ 7960 10767 8 cities city NNS 7960 10767 9 Venice Venice NNP 7960 10767 10 was be VBD 7960 10767 11 not not RB 7960 10767 12 of of IN 7960 10767 13 Roman roman JJ 7960 10767 14 origin origin NN 7960 10767 15 . . . 7960 10768 1 Its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10768 2 beginning beginning NN 7960 10768 3 is be VBZ 7960 10768 4 traced trace VBN 7960 10768 5 back back RB 7960 10768 6 to to IN 7960 10768 7 the the DT 7960 10768 8 period period NN 7960 10768 9 of of IN 7960 10768 10 barbarian barbarian JJ 7960 10768 11 inroads inroad NNS 7960 10768 12 , , , 7960 10768 13 when when WRB 7960 10768 14 fugitives fugitive NNS 7960 10768 15 from from IN 7960 10768 16 the the DT 7960 10768 17 mainland mainland NN 7960 10768 18 sought seek VBD 7960 10768 19 a a DT 7960 10768 20 new new JJ 7960 10768 21 home home NN 7960 10768 22 on on IN 7960 10768 23 the the DT 7960 10768 24 islands island NNS 7960 10768 25 at at IN 7960 10768 26 the the DT 7960 10768 27 head head NN 7960 10768 28 of of IN 7960 10768 29 the the DT 7960 10768 30 Adriatic Adriatic NNP 7960 10768 31 . . . 7960 10769 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10769 2 24 24 CD 7960 10769 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10769 4 These these DT 7960 10769 5 islands island NNS 7960 10769 6 , , , 7960 10769 7 which which WDT 7960 10769 8 lie lie VBP 7960 10769 9 about about RB 7960 10769 10 five five CD 7960 10769 11 miles mile NNS 7960 10769 12 from from IN 7960 10769 13 the the DT 7960 10769 14 coast coast NN 7960 10769 15 , , , 7960 10769 16 are be VBP 7960 10769 17 protected protect VBN 7960 10769 18 from from IN 7960 10769 19 the the DT 7960 10769 20 outer outer JJ 7960 10769 21 sea sea NN 7960 10769 22 by by IN 7960 10769 23 a a DT 7960 10769 24 long long JJ 7960 10769 25 sand sand NN 7960 10769 26 bar bar NN 7960 10769 27 . . . 7960 10770 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 10770 2 are be VBP 7960 10770 3 little little RB 7960 10770 4 more more JJR 7960 10770 5 than than IN 7960 10770 6 mud mud NN 7960 10770 7 - - HYPH 7960 10770 8 banks bank NNS 7960 10770 9 , , , 7960 10770 10 barely barely RB 7960 10770 11 rising rise VBG 7960 10770 12 above above IN 7960 10770 13 the the DT 7960 10770 14 shallow shallow JJ 7960 10770 15 water water NN 7960 10770 16 of of IN 7960 10770 17 the the DT 7960 10770 18 lagoons lagoon NNS 7960 10770 19 . . . 7960 10771 1 The the DT 7960 10771 2 oozy oozy NN 7960 10771 3 soil soil NN 7960 10771 4 afforded afford VBD 7960 10771 5 no no DT 7960 10771 6 support support NN 7960 10771 7 for for IN 7960 10771 8 buildings building NNS 7960 10771 9 , , , 7960 10771 10 except except IN 7960 10771 11 when when WRB 7960 10771 12 strengthened strengthen VBN 7960 10771 13 by by IN 7960 10771 14 piles pile NNS 7960 10771 15 ; ; : 7960 10771 16 there there EX 7960 10771 17 was be VBD 7960 10771 18 scarcely scarcely RB 7960 10771 19 any any DT 7960 10771 20 land land NN 7960 10771 21 fit fit JJ 7960 10771 22 for for IN 7960 10771 23 farming farming NN 7960 10771 24 or or CC 7960 10771 25 cattle cattle NNS 7960 10771 26 - - HYPH 7960 10771 27 raising raising NN 7960 10771 28 ; ; : 7960 10771 29 and and CC 7960 10771 30 the the DT 7960 10771 31 only only JJ 7960 10771 32 drinking drinking NN 7960 10771 33 water water NN 7960 10771 34 had have VBD 7960 10771 35 to to TO 7960 10771 36 be be VB 7960 10771 37 stored store VBN 7960 10771 38 from from IN 7960 10771 39 the the DT 7960 10771 40 rainfall rainfall NN 7960 10771 41 . . . 7960 10772 1 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for for IN 7960 10773 23 which which WDT 7960 10773 24 a a DT 7960 10773 25 constant constant JJ 7960 10773 26 demand demand NN 7960 10773 27 existed exist VBD 7960 10773 28 in in IN 7960 10773 29 the the DT 7960 10773 30 Middle Middle NNP 7960 10773 31 Ages Ages NNPS 7960 10773 32 . . . 7960 10774 1 Large large JJ 7960 10774 2 quantities quantity NNS 7960 10774 3 of of IN 7960 10774 4 salt salt NN 7960 10774 5 were be VBD 7960 10774 6 needed need VBN 7960 10774 7 for for IN 7960 10774 8 preserving preserve VBG 7960 10774 9 meat meat NN 7960 10774 10 in in IN 7960 10774 11 the the DT 7960 10774 12 winter winter NN 7960 10774 13 months month NNS 7960 10774 14 , , , 7960 10774 15 while while IN 7960 10774 16 fish fish NN 7960 10774 17 was be VBD 7960 10774 18 eaten eat VBN 7960 10774 19 by by IN 7960 10774 20 all all DT 7960 10774 21 Christians Christians NNPS 7960 10774 22 on on IN 7960 10774 23 the the DT 7960 10774 24 numerous numerous JJ 7960 10774 25 fast fast JJ 7960 10774 26 days day NNS 7960 10774 27 and and CC 7960 10774 28 in in IN 7960 10774 29 Lent Lent NNP 7960 10774 30 . . . 7960 10775 1 The the DT 7960 10775 2 Venetians Venetians NNPS 7960 10775 3 exchanged exchange VBD 7960 10775 4 these these DT 7960 10775 5 commodities commodity NNS 7960 10775 6 for for IN 7960 10775 7 the the DT 7960 10775 8 productions production NNS 7960 10775 9 of of IN 7960 10775 10 the the DT 7960 10775 11 mainland mainland NN 7960 10775 12 and and CC 7960 10775 13 so so RB 7960 10775 14 built build VBD 7960 10775 15 up up RP 7960 10775 16 a a DT 7960 10775 17 thriving thriving JJ 7960 10775 18 trade trade NN 7960 10775 19 . . . 7960 10776 1 From from IN 7960 10776 2 fishermen fisherman NNS 7960 10776 3 they -PRON- PRP 7960 10776 4 became become VBD 7960 10776 5 merchants merchant NNS 7960 10776 6 , , , 7960 10776 7 with with IN 7960 10776 8 commercial commercial JJ 7960 10776 9 relations relation NNS 7960 10776 10 which which WDT 7960 10776 11 gradually gradually RB 7960 10776 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the the DT 7960 10777 33 new new JJ 7960 10777 34 eastern eastern JJ 7960 10777 35 trade trade NN 7960 10777 36 . . . 7960 10778 1 Venice Venice NNP 7960 10778 2 became become VBD 7960 10778 3 the the DT 7960 10778 4 great great JJ 7960 10778 5 emporium emporium NN 7960 10778 6 of of IN 7960 10778 7 the the DT 7960 10778 8 Mediterranean Mediterranean NNP 7960 10778 9 . . . 7960 10779 1 As as IN 7960 10779 2 a a DT 7960 10779 3 commercial commercial JJ 7960 10779 4 center center NN 7960 10779 5 the the DT 7960 10779 6 city city NN 7960 10779 7 was be VBD 7960 10779 8 the the DT 7960 10779 9 successor successor NN 7960 10779 10 of of IN 7960 10779 11 ancient ancient JJ 7960 10779 12 Tyre Tyre NNP 7960 10779 13 , , , 7960 10779 14 Carthage Carthage NNP 7960 10779 15 , , , 7960 10779 16 Athens Athens NNP 7960 10779 17 , , , 7960 10779 18 and and CC 7960 10779 19 Alexandria Alexandria NNP 7960 10779 20 . . . 7960 10780 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10780 2 Illustration illustration NN 7960 10780 3 : : : 7960 10780 4 VENICE VENICE NNP 7960 10780 5 AND and CC 7960 10780 6 THE the DT 7960 10780 7 GRAND GRAND NNP 7960 10780 8 CANAL CANAL NNP 7960 10780 9 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10780 10 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10780 11 Illustration illustration NN 7960 10780 12 : : : 7960 10780 13 THE the DT 7960 10780 14 CAMPANILE CAMPANILE NNP 7960 10780 15 AND and CC 7960 10780 16 DOGE DOGE NNP 7960 10780 17 'S 'S NNP 7960 10780 18 PALACE palace NN 7960 10780 19 , , , 7960 10780 20 VENICE VENICE NNP 7960 10780 21 The the DT 7960 10780 22 famous famous JJ 7960 10780 23 Campanile Campanile NNP 7960 10780 24 or or CC 7960 10780 25 bell bell NN 7960 10780 26 tower tower NN 7960 10780 27 of of IN 7960 10780 28 St. St. NNP 7960 10780 29 Mark Mark NNP 7960 10780 30 's 's POS 7960 10780 31 Cathedral Cathedral NNP 7960 10780 32 collapsed collapse VBD 7960 10780 33 in in IN 7960 10780 34 1902 1902 CD 7960 10780 35 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 10780 36 A a DT 7960 10780 37 new new JJ 7960 10780 38 tower tower NN 7960 10780 39 , , , 7960 10780 40 faithfully faithfully RB 7960 10780 41 copying copy VBG 7960 10780 42 the the DT 7960 10780 43 old old JJ 7960 10780 44 monument monument NN 7960 10780 45 , , , 7960 10780 46 was be VBD 7960 10780 47 completed complete VBN 7960 10780 48 nine nine CD 7960 10780 49 years year NNS 7960 10780 50 later later RB 7960 10780 51 . . . 7960 10781 1 The the DT 7960 10781 2 Doge Doge NNP 7960 10781 3 's 's POS 7960 10781 4 Palace Palace NNP 7960 10781 5 , , , 7960 10781 6 a a DT 7960 10781 7 magnificent magnificent JJ 7960 10781 8 structure structure NN 7960 10781 9 of of IN 7960 10781 10 brick brick NN 7960 10781 11 and and CC 7960 10781 12 marble marble NN 7960 10781 13 , , , 7960 10781 14 is be VBZ 7960 10781 15 especially especially RB 7960 10781 16 remarkable remarkable JJ 7960 10781 17 for for IN 7960 10781 18 the the DT 7960 10781 19 graceful graceful JJ 7960 10781 20 arched arched JJ 7960 10781 21 colonnades colonnade NNS 7960 10781 22 forming form VBG 7960 10781 23 the the DT 7960 10781 24 two two CD 7960 10781 25 lower low JJR 7960 10781 26 stories story NNS 7960 10781 27 . . . 7960 10782 1 The the DT 7960 10782 2 blank blank JJ 7960 10782 3 walls wall NNS 7960 10782 4 of of IN 7960 10782 5 the the DT 7960 10782 6 upper upper JJ 7960 10782 7 story story NN 7960 10782 8 are be VBP 7960 10782 9 broken break VBN 7960 10782 10 by by IN 7960 10782 11 a a DT 7960 10782 12 few few JJ 7960 10782 13 large large JJ 7960 10782 14 and and CC 7960 10782 15 richly richly RB 7960 10782 16 ornamented ornament VBN 7960 10782 17 windows window NNS 7960 10782 18 . . . 7960 10782 19 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10783 1 VENETIAN VENETIAN NNP 7960 10783 2 POSSESSIONS POSSESSIONS NNP 7960 10783 3 Venice Venice NNP 7960 10783 4 also also RB 7960 10783 5 used use VBD 7960 10783 6 the the DT 7960 10783 7 crusading crusading NN 7960 10783 8 movement movement NN 7960 10783 9 for for IN 7960 10783 10 her -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10783 11 political political JJ 7960 10783 12 advantage advantage NN 7960 10783 13 . . . 7960 10784 1 The the DT 7960 10784 2 capture capture NN 7960 10784 3 of of IN 7960 10784 4 Constantinople Constantinople NNP 7960 10784 5 in in IN 7960 10784 6 the the DT 7960 10784 7 Fourth Fourth NNP 7960 10784 8 Crusade Crusade NNP 7960 10784 9 extended extend VBD 7960 10784 10 Venetian venetian JJ 7960 10784 11 control control NN 7960 10784 12 over over IN 7960 10784 13 the the DT 7960 10784 14 Peloponnesus Peloponnesus NNP 7960 10784 15 , , , 7960 10784 16 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10784 17 25 25 CD 7960 10784 18 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10784 19 Crete Crete NNP 7960 10784 20 , , , 7960 10784 21 Rhodes Rhodes NNP 7960 10784 22 , , , 7960 10784 23 Cyprus Cyprus NNP 7960 10784 24 , , , 7960 10784 25 and and CC 7960 10784 26 many many JJ 7960 10784 27 smaller small JJR 7960 10784 28 islands island NNS 7960 10784 29 in in IN 7960 10784 30 the the DT 7960 10784 31 eastern eastern JJ 7960 10784 32 Mediterranean Mediterranean NNP 7960 10784 33 . . . 7960 10785 1 Even even RB 7960 10785 2 before before IN 7960 10785 3 this this DT 7960 10785 4 time time NN 7960 10785 5 Venice Venice NNP 7960 10785 6 had have VBD 7960 10785 7 begun begin VBN 7960 10785 8 to to TO 7960 10785 9 gain gain VB 7960 10785 10 possessions possession NNS 7960 10785 11 upon upon IN 7960 10785 12 the the DT 7960 10785 13 Italian italian JJ 7960 10785 14 mainland mainland NN 7960 10785 15 and and CC 7960 10785 16 along along IN 7960 10785 17 the the DT 7960 10785 18 Adriatic adriatic JJ 7960 10785 19 coast coast NN 7960 10785 20 . . . 7960 10786 1 At at IN 7960 10786 2 the the DT 7960 10786 3 height height NN 7960 10786 4 of of IN 7960 10786 5 her -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10786 6 power power NN 7960 10786 7 about about IN 7960 10786 8 1400 1400 CD 7960 10786 9 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 10786 10 she -PRON- PRP 7960 10786 11 ruled rule VBD 7960 10786 12 a a DT 7960 10786 13 real real JJ 7960 10786 14 empire empire NN 7960 10786 15 . . . 7960 10787 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10787 2 26 26 CD 7960 10787 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10787 4 VENETIAN venetian NN 7960 10787 5 SEA SEA NNP 7960 10787 6 POWER power NN 7960 10787 7 The the DT 7960 10787 8 commerce commerce NN 7960 10787 9 and and CC 7960 10787 10 possessions possession NNS 7960 10787 11 of of IN 7960 10787 12 Venice Venice NNP 7960 10787 13 made make VBD 7960 10787 14 it -PRON- PRP 7960 10787 15 necessary necessary JJ 7960 10787 16 for for IN 7960 10787 17 her -PRON- PRP 7960 10787 18 to to TO 7960 10787 19 maintain maintain VB 7960 10787 20 a a DT 7960 10787 21 powerful powerful JJ 7960 10787 22 fleet fleet NN 7960 10787 23 . . . 7960 10788 1 She -PRON- PRP 7960 10788 2 is be VBZ 7960 10788 3 said say VBN 7960 10788 4 to to TO 7960 10788 5 have have VB 7960 10788 6 had have VBN 7960 10788 7 at at IN 7960 10788 8 one one CD 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the DT 7960 10793 2 doge doge NN 7960 10793 3 , , , 7960 10793 4 ( ( -LRB- 7960 10793 5 that that DT 7960 10793 6 is be VBZ 7960 10793 7 , , , 7960 10793 8 " " `` 7960 10793 9 duke duke NNP 7960 10793 10 . . . 7960 10793 11 " " '' 7960 10793 12 ) ) -RRB- 7960 10794 1 or or CC 7960 10794 2 chief chief JJ 7960 10794 3 magistrate magistrate NN 7960 10794 4 , , , 7960 10794 5 standing stand VBG 7960 10794 6 in in IN 7960 10794 7 the the DT 7960 10794 8 bows bow NNS 7960 10794 9 of of IN 7960 10794 10 the the DT 7960 10794 11 state state NN 7960 10794 12 barge barge NN 7960 10794 13 , , , 7960 10794 14 cast cast VBD 7960 10794 15 a a DT 7960 10794 16 ring ring NN 7960 10794 17 of of IN 7960 10794 18 gold gold NN 7960 10794 19 into into IN 7960 10794 20 the the DT 7960 10794 21 Adriatic Adriatic NNP 7960 10794 22 with with IN 7960 10794 23 the the DT 7960 10794 24 proud proud JJ 7960 10794 25 words word NNS 7960 10794 26 , , , 7960 10794 27 " " `` 7960 10794 28 We -PRON- PRP 7960 10794 29 have have VBP 7960 10794 30 wedded wed VBN 7960 10794 31 thee thee NN 7960 10794 32 , , , 7960 10794 33 O o NN 7960 10794 34 sea sea NN 7960 10794 35 , , , 7960 10794 36 in in IN 7960 10794 37 token token NN 7960 10794 38 of of IN 7960 10794 39 our -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10794 40 rightful rightful JJ 7960 10794 41 and and CC 7960 10794 42 perpetual perpetual JJ 7960 10794 43 dominion dominion NN 7960 10794 44 . . . 7960 10794 45 " " '' 7960 10795 1 VENICE VENICE NNP 7960 10795 2 DESCRIBED DESCRIBED NNP 7960 10795 3 The the DT 7960 10795 4 visitor visitor NN 7960 10795 5 to to IN 7960 10795 6 modern modern JJ 7960 10795 7 Venice Venice NNP 7960 10795 8 can can MD 7960 10795 9 still still RB 7960 10795 10 gain gain VB 7960 10795 11 a a DT 7960 10795 12 good good JJ 7960 10795 13 impression impression NN 7960 10795 14 of of IN 7960 10795 15 what what WP 7960 10795 16 the the DT 7960 10795 17 city city NN 7960 10795 18 must must MD 7960 10795 19 have have VB 7960 10795 20 looked look VBN 7960 10795 21 like like IN 7960 10795 22 in in IN 7960 10795 23 the the DT 7960 10795 24 fourteenth fourteenth JJ 7960 10795 25 century century NN 7960 10795 26 , , , 7960 10795 27 when when WRB 7960 10795 28 ships ship NNS 7960 10795 29 of of IN 7960 10795 30 every every DT 7960 10795 31 nation nation NN 7960 10795 32 crowded crowd VBD 7960 10795 33 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10795 34 quays quay NNS 7960 10795 35 and and CC 7960 10795 36 strangers stranger NNS 7960 10795 37 of of IN 7960 10795 38 every every DT 7960 10795 39 country country NN 7960 10795 40 thronged throng VBD 7960 10795 41 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10795 42 squares square NNS 7960 10795 43 or or CC 7960 10795 44 sped speed VBN 7960 10795 45 in in IN 7960 10795 46 light light JJ 7960 10795 47 gondolas gondola NNS 7960 10795 48 over over IN 7960 10795 49 the the DT 7960 10795 50 canals canal NNS 7960 10795 51 which which WDT 7960 10795 52 take take VBP 7960 10795 53 the the DT 7960 10795 54 place place NN 7960 10795 55 of of IN 7960 10795 56 streets street NNS 7960 10795 57 . . . 7960 10796 1 The the DT 7960 10796 2 main main JJ 7960 10796 3 highway highway NN 7960 10796 4 is be VBZ 7960 10796 5 still still RB 7960 10796 6 the the DT 7960 10796 7 Grand Grand NNP 7960 10796 8 Canal Canal NNP 7960 10796 9 , , , 7960 10796 10 nearly nearly RB 7960 10796 11 two two CD 7960 10796 12 miles mile NNS 7960 10796 13 long long JJ 7960 10796 14 and and CC 7960 10796 15 lined line VBN 7960 10796 16 with with IN 7960 10796 17 palaces palace NNS 7960 10796 18 and and CC 7960 10796 19 churches church NNS 7960 10796 20 . . . 7960 10797 1 The the DT 7960 10797 2 Grand Grand NNP 7960 10797 3 Canal Canal NNP 7960 10797 4 leads lead VBZ 7960 10797 5 to to IN 7960 10797 6 St. St. NNP 7960 10797 7 Mark Mark NNP 7960 10797 8 's 's POS 7960 10797 9 Cathedral Cathedral NNP 7960 10797 10 , , , 7960 10797 11 brilliant brilliant JJ 7960 10797 12 with with IN 7960 10797 13 mosaic mosaic JJ 7960 10797 14 pictures picture NNS 7960 10797 15 , , , 7960 10797 16 the the DT 7960 10797 17 Campanile Campanile NNP 7960 10797 18 , , , 7960 10797 19 or or CC 7960 10797 20 bell bell NNP 7960 10797 21 tower tower NNP 7960 10797 22 , , , 7960 10797 23 and and CC 7960 10797 24 the the DT 7960 10797 25 Doge Doge NNP 7960 10797 26 's 's POS 7960 10797 27 Palace Palace NNP 7960 10797 28 . . . 7960 10798 1 The the DT 7960 10798 2 " " `` 7960 10798 3 Bridge Bridge NNP 7960 10798 4 of of IN 7960 10798 5 Sighs Sighs NNPS 7960 10798 6 " " '' 7960 10798 7 connects connect VBZ 7960 10798 8 the the DT 7960 10798 9 ducal ducal JJ 7960 10798 10 palace palace NN 7960 10798 11 with with IN 7960 10798 12 the the DT 7960 10798 13 state state NN 7960 10798 14 prisons prison NNS 7960 10798 15 . . . 7960 10799 1 The the DT 7960 10799 2 Rialto Rialto NNP 7960 10799 3 in in IN 7960 10799 4 the the DT 7960 10799 5 business business NN 7960 10799 6 heart heart NN 7960 10799 7 of of IN 7960 10799 8 Venice Venice NNP 7960 10799 9 is be VBZ 7960 10799 10 another another DT 7960 10799 11 famous famous JJ 7960 10799 12 bridge bridge NN 7960 10799 13 . . . 7960 10800 1 But but CC 7960 10800 2 these these DT 7960 10800 3 are be VBP 7960 10800 4 only only RB 7960 10800 5 a a DT 7960 10800 6 few few JJ 7960 10800 7 of of IN 7960 10800 8 the the DT 7960 10800 9 historic historic JJ 7960 10800 10 and and CC 7960 10800 11 beautiful beautiful JJ 7960 10800 12 buildings building NNS 7960 10800 13 of of IN 7960 10800 14 the the DT 7960 10800 15 island island NN 7960 10800 16 city city NN 7960 10800 17 . . . 7960 10801 1 198 198 CD 7960 10801 2 . . . 7960 10802 1 GERMAN german JJ 7960 10802 2 CITIES city NNS 7960 10802 3 : : : 7960 10802 4 THE the DT 7960 10802 5 HANSEATIC HANSEATIC NNP 7960 10802 6 LEAGUE LEAGUE VBD 7960 10802 7 CITIES city NNS 7960 10802 8 OF of IN 7960 10802 9 SOUTHERN SOUTHERN NNS 7960 10802 10 AND and CC 7960 10802 11 CENTRAL CENTRAL NNP 7960 10802 12 GERMANY GERMANY NNP 7960 10802 13 The the DT 7960 10802 14 important important JJ 7960 10802 15 trade trade NN 7960 10802 16 routes route NNS 7960 10802 17 from from IN 7960 10802 18 Venice Venice NNP 7960 10802 19 and and CC 7960 10802 20 Genoa Genoa NNP 7960 10802 21 through through IN 7960 10802 22 the the DT 7960 10802 23 Alpine Alpine NNP 7960 10802 24 passes pass VBZ 7960 10802 25 into into IN 7960 10802 26 the the DT 7960 10802 27 valleys valley NNS 7960 10802 28 of of IN 7960 10802 29 the the DT 7960 10802 30 Rhine Rhine NNP 7960 10802 31 and and CC 7960 10802 32 Danube Danube NNP 7960 10802 33 were be VBD 7960 10802 34 responsible responsible JJ 7960 10802 35 for for IN 7960 10802 36 the the DT 7960 10802 37 prosperity prosperity NN 7960 10802 38 of of IN 7960 10802 39 many many JJ 7960 10802 40 fine fine JJ 7960 10802 41 cities city NNS 7960 10802 42 in in IN 7960 10802 43 southern southern JJ 7960 10802 44 and and CC 7960 10802 45 central central JJ 7960 10802 46 Germany Germany NNP 7960 10802 47 . . . 7960 10803 1 Among among IN 7960 10803 2 them -PRON- PRP 7960 10803 3 were be VBD 7960 10803 4 Augsburg Augsburg NNP 7960 10803 5 , , , 7960 10803 6 which which WDT 7960 10803 7 rivaled rival VBD 7960 10803 8 Florence Florence NNP 7960 10803 9 as as IN 7960 10803 10 a a DT 7960 10803 11 financial financial JJ 7960 10803 12 center center NN 7960 10803 13 , , , 7960 10803 14 Nuremberg Nuremberg NNP 7960 10803 15 , , , 7960 10803 16 famous famous JJ 7960 10803 17 for for IN 7960 10803 18 artistic artistic JJ 7960 10803 19 metal metal NN 7960 10803 20 work work NN 7960 10803 21 , , , 7960 10803 22 Ulm Ulm NNP 7960 10803 23 , , , 7960 10803 24 Strassburg Strassburg NNP 7960 10803 25 , , , 7960 10803 26 and and CC 7960 10803 27 Cologne Cologne NNP 7960 10803 28 . . . 7960 10804 1 The the DT 7960 10804 2 feeble feeble JJ 7960 10804 3 rule rule NN 7960 10804 4 of of IN 7960 10804 5 the the DT 7960 10804 6 German german JJ 7960 10804 7 kings king NNS 7960 10804 8 compelled compel VBD 7960 10804 9 the the DT 7960 10804 10 cities city NNS 7960 10804 11 to to TO 7960 10804 12 form form VB 7960 10804 13 several several JJ 7960 10804 14 confederacies confederacy NNS 7960 10804 15 for for IN 7960 10804 16 the the DT 7960 10804 17 purpose purpose NN 7960 10804 18 of of IN 7960 10804 19 resisting resist VBG 7960 10804 20 the the DT 7960 10804 21 extortionate extortionate JJ 7960 10804 22 tolls toll NNS 7960 10804 23 and and CC 7960 10804 24 downright downright JJ 7960 10804 25 robberies robbery NNS 7960 10804 26 of of IN 7960 10804 27 feudal feudal JJ 7960 10804 28 lords lord NNS 7960 10804 29 . . . 7960 10805 1 CITIES city NNS 7960 10805 2 OF of IN 7960 10805 3 NORTHERN NORTHERN NNP 7960 10805 4 GERMANY GERMANY NNP 7960 10805 5 It -PRON- PRP 7960 10805 6 was be VBD 7960 10805 7 the the DT 7960 10805 8 Baltic Baltic NNP 7960 10805 9 commerce commerce NN 7960 10805 10 which which WDT 7960 10805 11 brought bring VBD 7960 10805 12 the the DT 7960 10805 13 cities city NNS 7960 10805 14 of of IN 7960 10805 15 northern northern JJ 7960 10805 16 Germany Germany NNP 7960 10805 17 into into IN 7960 10805 18 a a DT 7960 10805 19 firm firm JJ 7960 10805 20 union union NN 7960 10805 21 . . . 7960 10806 1 From from IN 7960 10806 2 the the DT 7960 10806 3 Baltic baltic JJ 7960 10806 4 region region NN 7960 10806 5 came come VBD 7960 10806 6 large large JJ 7960 10806 7 quantities quantity NNS 7960 10806 8 of of IN 7960 10806 9 dried dry VBN 7960 10806 10 and and CC 7960 10806 11 salted salt VBN 7960 10806 12 fish fish NN 7960 10806 13 , , , 7960 10806 14 especially especially RB 7960 10806 15 herring herre VBG 7960 10806 16 , , , 7960 10806 17 wax wax NN 7960 10806 18 candles candle NNS 7960 10806 19 for for IN 7960 10806 20 church church NN 7960 10806 21 services service NNS 7960 10806 22 , , , 7960 10806 23 skins skin NNS 7960 10806 24 , , , 7960 10806 25 tallow tallow JJ 7960 10806 26 , , , 7960 10806 27 and and CC 7960 10806 28 lumber lumber NN 7960 10806 29 . . . 7960 10807 1 Furs fur NNS 7960 10807 2 were be VBD 7960 10807 3 also also RB 7960 10807 4 in in IN 7960 10807 5 great great JJ 7960 10807 6 demand demand NN 7960 10807 7 . . . 7960 10808 1 Every every DT 7960 10808 2 one one NN 7960 10808 3 wore wear VBD 7960 10808 4 them -PRON- PRP 7960 10808 5 during during IN 7960 10808 6 the the DT 7960 10808 7 winter winter NN 7960 10808 8 , , , 7960 10808 9 on on IN 7960 10808 10 account account NN 7960 10808 11 of of IN 7960 10808 12 the the DT 7960 10808 13 poorly poorly RB 7960 10808 14 heated heated JJ 7960 10808 15 houses house NNS 7960 10808 16 . . . 7960 10809 1 The the DT 7960 10809 2 German german JJ 7960 10809 3 cities city NNS 7960 10809 4 which which WDT 7960 10809 5 shared share VBD 7960 10809 6 in in IN 7960 10809 7 this this DT 7960 10809 8 commerce commerce NN 7960 10809 9 early early RB 7960 10809 10 formed form VBD 7960 10809 11 the the DT 7960 10809 12 celebrated celebrated JJ 7960 10809 13 Hanseatic Hanseatic NNP 7960 10809 14 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10809 15 27 27 CD 7960 10809 16 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10809 17 League League NNP 7960 10809 18 for for IN 7960 10809 19 protection protection NN 7960 10809 20 against against IN 7960 10809 21 pirates pirate NNS 7960 10809 22 and and CC 7960 10809 23 feudal feudal JJ 7960 10809 24 lords lord NNS 7960 10809 25 . . . 7960 10810 1 MEMBERSHIP MEMBERSHIP NNP 7960 10810 2 OF of IN 7960 10810 3 THE the DT 7960 10810 4 HANSEATIC HANSEATIC NNP 7960 10810 5 LEAGUE LEAGUE VBD 7960 10810 6 The the DT 7960 10810 7 league league NN 7960 10810 8 seems seem VBZ 7960 10810 9 to to TO 7960 10810 10 have have VB 7960 10810 11 begun begin VBN 7960 10810 12 with with IN 7960 10810 13 an an DT 7960 10810 14 alliance alliance NN 7960 10810 15 of of IN 7960 10810 16 Hamburg Hamburg NNP 7960 10810 17 and and CC 7960 10810 18 Lübeck Lübeck NNP 7960 10810 19 to to TO 7960 10810 20 safeguard safeguard VB 7960 10810 21 the the DT 7960 10810 22 traffic traffic NN 7960 10810 23 on on IN 7960 10810 24 the the DT 7960 10810 25 Elbe Elbe NNP 7960 10810 26 . . . 7960 10811 1 The the DT 7960 10811 2 growth growth NN 7960 10811 3 of of IN 7960 10811 4 the the DT 7960 10811 5 league league NN 7960 10811 6 was be VBD 7960 10811 7 rapid rapid JJ 7960 10811 8 . . . 7960 10812 1 At at IN 7960 10812 2 the the DT 7960 10812 3 period period NN 7960 10812 4 of of IN 7960 10812 5 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10812 6 greatest great JJS 7960 10812 7 power power NN 7960 10812 8 , , , 7960 10812 9 about about RB 7960 10812 10 1400 1400 CD 7960 10812 11 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 10812 12 , , , 7960 10812 13 there there EX 7960 10812 14 were be VBD 7960 10812 15 upwards upwards JJ 7960 10812 16 of of IN 7960 10812 17 eighty eighty CD 7960 10812 18 Hanseatic hanseatic JJ 7960 10812 19 cities city NNS 7960 10812 20 along along IN 7960 10812 21 the the DT 7960 10812 22 Baltic baltic JJ 7960 10812 23 coast coast NN 7960 10812 24 and and CC 7960 10812 25 in in IN 7960 10812 26 the the DT 7960 10812 27 inland inland JJ 7960 10812 28 districts district NNS 7960 10812 29 of of IN 7960 10812 30 northern northern JJ 7960 10812 31 Germany Germany NNP 7960 10812 32 . . . 7960 10813 1 HANSEATIC hanseatic VB 7960 10813 2 " " `` 7960 10813 3 FACTORIES factory NNS 7960 10813 4 " " '' 7960 10813 5 The the DT 7960 10813 6 commercial commercial JJ 7960 10813 7 importance importance NN 7960 10813 8 of of IN 7960 10813 9 the the DT 7960 10813 10 league league NN 7960 10813 11 extended extend VBN 7960 10813 12 far far RB 7960 10813 13 beyond beyond IN 7960 10813 14 the the DT 7960 10813 15 borders border NNS 7960 10813 16 of of IN 7960 10813 17 Germany Germany NNP 7960 10813 18 . . . 7960 10814 1 Its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10814 2 trading trading NN 7960 10814 3 posts post NNS 7960 10814 4 , , , 7960 10814 5 or or CC 7960 10814 6 " " `` 7960 10814 7 factories factory NNS 7960 10814 8 , , , 7960 10814 9 " " '' 7960 10814 10 at at IN 7960 10814 11 Bergen Bergen NNP 7960 10814 12 in in IN 7960 10814 13 Norway Norway NNP 7960 10814 14 and and CC 7960 10814 15 Novgorod Novgorod NNP 7960 10814 16 in in IN 7960 10814 17 Russia Russia NNP 7960 10814 18 controlled control VBD 7960 10814 19 the the DT 7960 10814 20 export export NN 7960 10814 21 trade trade NN 7960 10814 22 of of IN 7960 10814 23 those those DT 7960 10814 24 two two CD 7960 10814 25 countries country NNS 7960 10814 26 . . . 7960 10815 1 Similar similar JJ 7960 10815 2 establishments establishment NNS 7960 10815 3 existed exist VBD 7960 10815 4 at at IN 7960 10815 5 London London NNP 7960 10815 6 , , , 7960 10815 7 on on IN 7960 10815 8 the the DT 7960 10815 9 Thames Thames NNP 7960 10815 10 just just RB 7960 10815 11 above above IN 7960 10815 12 London London NNP 7960 10815 13 Bridge Bridge NNP 7960 10815 14 , , , 7960 10815 15 and and CC 7960 10815 16 at at IN 7960 10815 17 Bruges Bruges NNPS 7960 10815 18 in in IN 7960 10815 19 Flanders Flanders NNPS 7960 10815 20 . . . 7960 10816 1 Each each DT 7960 10816 2 factory factory NN 7960 10816 3 served serve VBD 7960 10816 4 as as IN 7960 10816 5 a a DT 7960 10816 6 fortress fortress NN 7960 10816 7 where where WRB 7960 10816 8 merchants merchant NNS 7960 10816 9 could could MD 7960 10816 10 be be VB 7960 10816 11 safe safe JJ 7960 10816 12 from from IN 7960 10816 13 attack attack NN 7960 10816 14 , , , 7960 10816 15 as as IN 7960 10816 16 a a DT 7960 10816 17 storehouse storehouse NN 7960 10816 18 for for IN 7960 10816 19 goods good NNS 7960 10816 20 , , , 7960 10816 21 and and CC 7960 10816 22 as as IN 7960 10816 23 a a DT 7960 10816 24 general general JJ 7960 10816 25 market market NN 7960 10816 26 . . . 7960 10817 1 INFLUENCE influence NN 7960 10817 2 OF of IN 7960 10817 3 THE the DT 7960 10817 4 HANSEATIC HANSEATIC NNP 7960 10817 5 LEAGUE LEAGUE VBD 7960 10817 6 The the DT 7960 10817 7 Hanseatic Hanseatic NNP 7960 10817 8 League League NNP 7960 10817 9 ruled rule VBD 7960 10817 10 over over IN 7960 10817 11 the the DT 7960 10817 12 Baltic Baltic NNP 7960 10817 13 Sea Sea NNP 7960 10817 14 very very RB 7960 10817 15 much much RB 7960 10817 16 as as IN 7960 10817 17 Venice Venice NNP 7960 10817 18 ruled rule VBD 7960 10817 19 over over IN 7960 10817 20 the the DT 7960 10817 21 Adriatic Adriatic NNP 7960 10817 22 . . . 7960 10818 1 In in IN 7960 10818 2 spite spite NN 7960 10818 3 of of IN 7960 10818 4 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10818 5 monopolistic monopolistic JJ 7960 10818 6 tendencies tendency NNS 7960 10818 7 , , , 7960 10818 8 so so RB 7960 10818 9 opposed opposed JJ 7960 10818 10 to to IN 7960 10818 11 the the DT 7960 10818 12 spirit spirit NN 7960 10818 13 of of IN 7960 10818 14 free free JJ 7960 10818 15 intercourse intercourse NN 7960 10818 16 between between IN 7960 10818 17 nations nation NNS 7960 10818 18 , , , 7960 10818 19 the the DT 7960 10818 20 league league NN 7960 10818 21 did do VBD 7960 10818 22 much much JJ 7960 10818 23 useful useful JJ 7960 10818 24 work work NN 7960 10818 25 by by IN 7960 10818 26 suppressing suppress VBG 7960 10818 27 piracy piracy NN 7960 10818 28 and and CC 7960 10818 29 by by IN 7960 10818 30 encouraging encourage VBG 7960 10818 31 the the DT 7960 10818 32 art art NN 7960 10818 33 of of IN 7960 10818 34 navigation navigation NN 7960 10818 35 . . . 7960 10819 1 Modern modern JJ 7960 10819 2 Germans Germans NNPS 7960 10819 3 look look VBP 7960 10819 4 back back RB 7960 10819 5 to to IN 7960 10819 6 it -PRON- PRP 7960 10819 7 as as IN 7960 10819 8 proof proof NN 7960 10819 9 that that IN 7960 10819 10 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10819 11 country country NN 7960 10819 12 can can MD 7960 10819 13 play play VB 7960 10819 14 a a DT 7960 10819 15 great great JJ 7960 10819 16 part part NN 7960 10819 17 on on IN 7960 10819 18 the the DT 7960 10819 19 seas sea NNS 7960 10819 20 . . . 7960 10820 1 The the DT 7960 10820 2 Hanseatic hanseatic JJ 7960 10820 3 merchants merchant NNS 7960 10820 4 were be VBD 7960 10820 5 also also RB 7960 10820 6 pioneers pioneer NNS 7960 10820 7 in in IN 7960 10820 8 the the DT 7960 10820 9 half half JJ 7960 10820 10 - - HYPH 7960 10820 11 barbarous barbarous JJ 7960 10820 12 lands land NNS 7960 10820 13 of of IN 7960 10820 14 northern northern JJ 7960 10820 15 and and CC 7960 10820 16 eastern eastern JJ 7960 10820 17 Europe Europe NNP 7960 10820 18 , , , 7960 10820 19 where where WRB 7960 10820 20 they -PRON- PRP 7960 10820 21 founded found VBD 7960 10820 22 towns town NNS 7960 10820 23 , , , 7960 10820 24 fostered foster VBN 7960 10820 25 industry industry NN 7960 10820 26 , , , 7960 10820 27 and and CC 7960 10820 28 introduced introduce VBN 7960 10820 29 comforts comfort NNS 7960 10820 30 and and CC 7960 10820 31 luxuries luxury NNS 7960 10820 32 previously previously RB 7960 10820 33 unknown unknown JJ 7960 10820 34 . . . 7960 10821 1 Such such JJ 7960 10821 2 services service NNS 7960 10821 3 in in IN 7960 10821 4 advancing advance VBG 7960 10821 5 civilization civilization NN 7960 10821 6 were be VBD 7960 10821 7 comparable comparable JJ 7960 10821 8 to to IN 7960 10821 9 those those DT 7960 10821 10 performed perform VBN 7960 10821 11 by by IN 7960 10821 12 the the DT 7960 10821 13 Teutonic Teutonic NNP 7960 10821 14 Knights Knights NNPS 7960 10821 15 . . . 7960 10822 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10822 2 28 28 CD 7960 10822 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10822 4 DECLINE decline NN 7960 10822 5 OF of IN 7960 10822 6 THE the DT 7960 10822 7 HANSEATIC HANSEATIC NNP 7960 10822 8 LEAGUE league NN 7960 10822 9 After after IN 7960 10822 10 several several JJ 7960 10822 11 centuries century NNS 7960 10822 12 of of IN 7960 10822 13 usefulness usefulness NN 7960 10822 14 the the DT 7960 10822 15 league league NN 7960 10822 16 lost lose VBD 7960 10822 17 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10822 18 monopoly monopoly NN 7960 10822 19 of of IN 7960 10822 20 the the DT 7960 10822 21 Baltic baltic JJ 7960 10822 22 trade trade NN 7960 10822 23 and and CC 7960 10822 24 began begin VBD 7960 10822 25 to to TO 7960 10822 26 decline decline VB 7960 10822 27 . . . 7960 10823 1 Moreover moreover RB 7960 10823 2 the the DT 7960 10823 3 Baltic Baltic NNP 7960 10823 4 , , , 7960 10823 5 like like IN 7960 10823 6 the the DT 7960 10823 7 Mediterranean Mediterranean NNP 7960 10823 8 , , , 7960 10823 9 sank sink VBD 7960 10823 10 to to IN 7960 10823 11 minor minor JJ 7960 10823 12 importance importance NN 7960 10823 13 as as IN 7960 10823 14 a a DT 7960 10823 15 commercial commercial JJ 7960 10823 16 center center NN 7960 10823 17 , , , 7960 10823 18 after after IN 7960 10823 19 the the DT 7960 10823 20 Portuguese Portuguese NNP 7960 10823 21 had have VBD 7960 10823 22 discovered discover VBN 7960 10823 23 the the DT 7960 10823 24 sea sea NN 7960 10823 25 route route NN 7960 10823 26 to to IN 7960 10823 27 India India NNP 7960 10823 28 and and CC 7960 10823 29 the the DT 7960 10823 30 Spaniards Spaniards NNPS 7960 10823 31 had have VBD 7960 10823 32 opened open VBN 7960 10823 33 up up RP 7960 10823 34 the the DT 7960 10823 35 New New NNP 7960 10823 36 World World NNP 7960 10823 37 . . . 7960 10824 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10824 2 29 29 CD 7960 10824 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10824 4 City city NN 7960 10824 5 after after IN 7960 10824 6 city city NN 7960 10824 7 gradually gradually RB 7960 10824 8 withdrew withdraw VBD 7960 10824 9 from from IN 7960 10824 10 the the DT 7960 10824 11 league league NN 7960 10824 12 , , , 7960 10824 13 till till IN 7960 10824 14 only only RB 7960 10824 15 Hamburg Hamburg NNP 7960 10824 16 , , , 7960 10824 17 Lübeck Lübeck NNP 7960 10824 18 , , , 7960 10824 19 and and CC 7960 10824 20 Bremen Bremen NNP 7960 10824 21 remained remain VBD 7960 10824 22 . . . 7960 10825 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 10825 2 are be VBP 7960 10825 3 still still RB 7960 10825 4 called call VBN 7960 10825 5 free free JJ 7960 10825 6 and and CC 7960 10825 7 independent independent JJ 7960 10825 8 cities city NNS 7960 10825 9 , , , 7960 10825 10 though though IN 7960 10825 11 now now RB 7960 10825 12 they -PRON- PRP 7960 10825 13 form form VBP 7960 10825 14 a a DT 7960 10825 15 part part NN 7960 10825 16 of of IN 7960 10825 17 the the DT 7960 10825 18 German German NNP 7960 10825 19 Empire Empire NNP 7960 10825 20 . . . 7960 10826 1 199 199 CD 7960 10826 2 . . . 7960 10827 1 THE the DT 7960 10827 2 CITIES city NNS 7960 10827 3 OF of IN 7960 10827 4 FLANDERS FLANDERS NNP 7960 10827 5 COUNTY COUNTY NNP 7960 10827 6 OF of IN 7960 10827 7 FLANDERS flander NNS 7960 10827 8 In in IN 7960 10827 9 the the DT 7960 10827 10 Middle Middle NNP 7960 10827 11 Ages Ages NNP 7960 10827 12 the the DT 7960 10827 13 Netherlands Netherlands NNP 7960 10827 14 , , , 7960 10827 15 or or CC 7960 10827 16 " " `` 7960 10827 17 Low Low NNP 7960 10827 18 Countries Countries NNPS 7960 10827 19 , , , 7960 10827 20 " " '' 7960 10827 21 now now RB 7960 10827 22 divided divide VBN 7960 10827 23 between between IN 7960 10827 24 Holland Holland NNP 7960 10827 25 and and CC 7960 10827 26 Belgium Belgium NNP 7960 10827 27 , , , 7960 10827 28 consisted consist VBD 7960 10827 29 of of IN 7960 10827 30 a a DT 7960 10827 31 number number NN 7960 10827 32 of of IN 7960 10827 33 feudal feudal JJ 7960 10827 34 states state NNS 7960 10827 35 , , , 7960 10827 36 nominally nominally RB 7960 10827 37 under under IN 7960 10827 38 the the DT 7960 10827 39 control control NN 7960 10827 40 of of IN 7960 10827 41 German german JJ 7960 10827 42 and and CC 7960 10827 43 French french JJ 7960 10827 44 kings king NNS 7960 10827 45 , , , 7960 10827 46 but but CC 7960 10827 47 really really RB 7960 10827 48 quite quite RB 7960 10827 49 independent independent JJ 7960 10827 50 . . . 7960 10828 1 Among among IN 7960 10828 2 them -PRON- PRP 7960 10828 3 was be VBD 7960 10828 4 the the DT 7960 10828 5 county county NN 7960 10828 6 of of IN 7960 10828 7 Flanders Flanders NNP 7960 10828 8 . . . 7960 10829 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 10829 2 included include VBD 7960 10829 3 the the DT 7960 10829 4 coast coast NN 7960 10829 5 region region NN 7960 10829 6 from from IN 7960 10829 7 Calais Calais NNP 7960 10829 8 to to IN 7960 10829 9 the the DT 7960 10829 10 mouth mouth NN 7960 10829 11 of of IN 7960 10829 12 the the DT 7960 10829 13 Scheldt Scheldt NNP 7960 10829 14 , , , 7960 10829 15 as as RB 7960 10829 16 well well RB 7960 10829 17 as as IN 7960 10829 18 a a DT 7960 10829 19 considerable considerable JJ 7960 10829 20 district district NN 7960 10829 21 in in IN 7960 10829 22 what what WP 7960 10829 23 is be VBZ 7960 10829 24 now now RB 7960 10829 25 northwestern northwestern JJ 7960 10829 26 France France NNP 7960 10829 27 . . . 7960 10830 1 The the DT 7960 10830 2 inhabitants inhabitant NNS 7960 10830 3 of of IN 7960 10830 4 Flanders flander NNS 7960 10830 5 were be VBD 7960 10830 6 partly partly RB 7960 10830 7 of of IN 7960 10830 8 Teutonic Teutonic NNP 7960 10830 9 extraction extraction NN 7960 10830 10 ( ( -LRB- 7960 10830 11 the the DT 7960 10830 12 Flemings Flemings NNPS 7960 10830 13 ) ) -RRB- 7960 10830 14 and and CC 7960 10830 15 partly partly RB 7960 10830 16 akin akin JJ 7960 10830 17 to to IN 7960 10830 18 the the DT 7960 10830 19 French French NNP 7960 10830 20 ( ( -LRB- 7960 10830 21 the the DT 7960 10830 22 Walloons walloon NNS 7960 10830 23 ) ) -RRB- 7960 10830 24 . . . 7960 10831 1 FLANDERS flander NNS 7960 10831 2 AS as IN 7960 10831 3 A a DT 7960 10831 4 COMMERCIAL commercial JJ 7960 10831 5 AND and CC 7960 10831 6 INDUSTRIAL INDUSTRIAL NNP 7960 10831 7 CENTER CENTER NNP 7960 10831 8 Flanders Flanders NNPS 7960 10831 9 enjoyed enjoy VBD 7960 10831 10 a a DT 7960 10831 11 good good JJ 7960 10831 12 situation situation NN 7960 10831 13 for for IN 7960 10831 14 commerce commerce NN 7960 10831 15 . . . 7960 10832 1 The the DT 7960 10832 2 country country NN 7960 10832 3 formed form VBD 7960 10832 4 a a DT 7960 10832 5 convenient convenient JJ 7960 10832 6 stopping stopping NN 7960 10832 7 place place NN 7960 10832 8 for for IN 7960 10832 9 merchants merchant NNS 7960 10832 10 who who WP 7960 10832 11 went go VBD 7960 10832 12 by by IN 7960 10832 13 sea sea NN 7960 10832 14 between between IN 7960 10832 15 the the DT 7960 10832 16 Mediterranean Mediterranean NNP 7960 10832 17 and and CC 7960 10832 18 the the DT 7960 10832 19 Baltic Baltic NNP 7960 10832 20 , , , 7960 10832 21 while while IN 7960 10832 22 important important JJ 7960 10832 23 land land NN 7960 10832 24 routes route NNS 7960 10832 25 led lead VBD 7960 10832 26 thither thither NN 7960 10832 27 from from IN 7960 10832 28 all all DT 7960 10832 29 parts part NNS 7960 10832 30 of of IN 7960 10832 31 western western JJ 7960 10832 32 Europe Europe NNP 7960 10832 33 . . . 7960 10833 1 Flanders flander NNS 7960 10833 2 was be VBD 7960 10833 3 also also RB 7960 10833 4 an an DT 7960 10833 5 industrial industrial JJ 7960 10833 6 center center NN 7960 10833 7 . . . 7960 10834 1 Its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10834 2 middle middle JJ 7960 10834 3 classes class NNS 7960 10834 4 early early RB 7960 10834 5 discovered discover VBD 7960 10834 6 the the DT 7960 10834 7 fact fact NN 7960 10834 8 that that IN 7960 10834 9 by by IN 7960 10834 10 devotion devotion NN 7960 10834 11 to to IN 7960 10834 12 manufacturing manufacture VBG 7960 10834 13 even even RB 7960 10834 14 a a DT 7960 10834 15 small small JJ 7960 10834 16 and and CC 7960 10834 17 sterile sterile JJ 7960 10834 18 region region NN 7960 10834 19 may may MD 7960 10834 20 become become VB 7960 10834 21 rich rich JJ 7960 10834 22 and and CC 7960 10834 23 populous populous JJ 7960 10834 24 . . . 7960 10835 1 FLEMISH FLEMISH NNP 7960 10835 2 WOOL wool WRB 7960 10835 3 TRADE trade VBP 7960 10835 4 The the DT 7960 10835 5 leading lead VBG 7960 10835 6 industry industry NN 7960 10835 7 of of IN 7960 10835 8 Flanders Flanders NNPS 7960 10835 9 was be VBD 7960 10835 10 weaving weave VBG 7960 10835 11 . . . 7960 10836 1 England England NNP 7960 10836 2 in in IN 7960 10836 3 the the DT 7960 10836 4 Middle Middle NNP 7960 10836 5 Ages Ages NNPS 7960 10836 6 raised raise VBD 7960 10836 7 great great JJ 7960 10836 8 flocks flock NNS 7960 10836 9 of of IN 7960 10836 10 sheep sheep NNS 7960 10836 11 , , , 7960 10836 12 but but CC 7960 10836 13 lacking lack VBG 7960 10836 14 skilled skilled JJ 7960 10836 15 workmen workman NNS 7960 10836 16 to to TO 7960 10836 17 manufacture manufacture VB 7960 10836 18 the the DT 7960 10836 19 wool wool NN 7960 10836 20 into into IN 7960 10836 21 fine fine JJ 7960 10836 22 cloth cloth NN 7960 10836 23 , , , 7960 10836 24 sent send VBD 7960 10836 25 it -PRON- PRP 7960 10836 26 across across IN 7960 10836 27 the the DT 7960 10836 28 Channel Channel NNP 7960 10836 29 to to IN 7960 10836 30 Flanders Flanders NNP 7960 10836 31 . . . 7960 10837 1 A a DT 7960 10837 2 medieval medieval JJ 7960 10837 3 writer writer NN 7960 10837 4 declared declare VBD 7960 10837 5 that that IN 7960 10837 6 the the DT 7960 10837 7 whole whole JJ 7960 10837 8 world world NN 7960 10837 9 was be VBD 7960 10837 10 clothed clothe VBN 7960 10837 11 in in IN 7960 10837 12 English English NNP 7960 10837 13 wool wool NN 7960 10837 14 manufactured manufacture VBN 7960 10837 15 by by IN 7960 10837 16 the the DT 7960 10837 17 Flemings Flemings NNPS 7960 10837 18 . . . 7960 10838 1 The the DT 7960 10838 2 taxes taxis NNS 7960 10838 3 that that WDT 7960 10838 4 were be VBD 7960 10838 5 laid lay VBN 7960 10838 6 on on IN 7960 10838 7 the the DT 7960 10838 8 export export NN 7960 10838 9 of of IN 7960 10838 10 wool wool NN 7960 10838 11 helped help VBD 7960 10838 12 to to TO 7960 10838 13 pay pay VB 7960 10838 14 the the DT 7960 10838 15 expenses expense NNS 7960 10838 16 of of IN 7960 10838 17 English english JJ 7960 10838 18 kings king NNS 7960 10838 19 in in IN 7960 10838 20 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10838 21 wars war NNS 7960 10838 22 with with IN 7960 10838 23 the the DT 7960 10838 24 Welsh Welsh NNP 7960 10838 25 , , , 7960 10838 26 the the DT 7960 10838 27 Scotch Scotch NNP 7960 10838 28 , , , 7960 10838 29 and and CC 7960 10838 30 the the DT 7960 10838 31 Irish Irish NNP 7960 10838 32 . . . 7960 10839 1 The the DT 7960 10839 2 wool wool NN 7960 10839 3 trade trade NN 7960 10839 4 also also RB 7960 10839 5 made make VBD 7960 10839 6 Flanders flander NNS 7960 10839 7 the the DT 7960 10839 8 ally ally NN 7960 10839 9 of of IN 7960 10839 10 England England NNP 7960 10839 11 in in IN 7960 10839 12 the the DT 7960 10839 13 Hundred hundred CD 7960 10839 14 Years Years NNPS 7960 10839 15 ' ' POS 7960 10839 16 War war NN 7960 10839 17 , , , 7960 10839 18 thus thus RB 7960 10839 19 beginning begin VBG 7960 10839 20 that that DT 7960 10839 21 historic historic JJ 7960 10839 22 friendship friendship NN 7960 10839 23 between between IN 7960 10839 24 the the DT 7960 10839 25 two two CD 7960 10839 26 countries country NNS 7960 10839 27 which which WDT 7960 10839 28 still still RB 7960 10839 29 endures endure VBZ 7960 10839 30 . . . 7960 10840 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10840 2 Illustration illustration NN 7960 10840 3 : : : 7960 10840 4 BELFRY belfry NN 7960 10840 5 OF of IN 7960 10840 6 BRUGES bruges NN 7960 10840 7 Bruges Bruges NNPS 7960 10840 8 , , , 7960 10840 9 the the DT 7960 10840 10 capital capital NN 7960 10840 11 of of IN 7960 10840 12 West West NNP 7960 10840 13 Flanders Flanders NNP 7960 10840 14 , , , 7960 10840 15 contains contain VBZ 7960 10840 16 many many JJ 7960 10840 17 fine fine JJ 7960 10840 18 monuments monument NNS 7960 10840 19 of of IN 7960 10840 20 the the DT 7960 10840 21 Middle Middle NNP 7960 10840 22 Ages Ages NNPS 7960 10840 23 Among among IN 7960 10840 24 these these DT 7960 10840 25 is be VBZ 7960 10840 26 the the DT 7960 10840 27 belfry belfry NN 7960 10840 28 , , , 7960 10840 29 which which WDT 7960 10840 30 rises rise VBZ 7960 10840 31 in in IN 7960 10840 32 the the DT 7960 10840 33 center center NN 7960 10840 34 of of IN 7960 10840 35 the the DT 7960 10840 36 façade façade NN 7960 10840 37 of of IN 7960 10840 38 the the DT 7960 10840 39 market market NN 7960 10840 40 hall hall NN 7960 10840 41 . . . 7960 10841 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 10841 2 dates date VBZ 7960 10841 3 from from IN 7960 10841 4 the the DT 7960 10841 5 end end NN 7960 10841 6 of of IN 7960 10841 7 the the DT 7960 10841 8 thirteenth thirteenth JJ 7960 10841 9 century century NN 7960 10841 10 . . . 7960 10842 1 Its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10842 2 height height NN 7960 10842 3 is be VBZ 7960 10842 4 352 352 CD 7960 10842 5 feet foot NNS 7960 10842 6 . . . 7960 10843 1 The the DT 7960 10843 2 belfry belfry NN 7960 10843 3 consists consist VBZ 7960 10843 4 of of IN 7960 10843 5 three three CD 7960 10843 6 stories story NNS 7960 10843 7 , , , 7960 10843 8 the the DT 7960 10843 9 two two CD 7960 10843 10 lower low JJR 7960 10843 11 ones one NNS 7960 10843 12 square square JJ 7960 10843 13 , , , 7960 10843 14 and and CC 7960 10843 15 the the DT 7960 10843 16 upper upper JJ 7960 10843 17 one one NN 7960 10843 18 , , , 7960 10843 19 octagonal octagonal JJ 7960 10843 20 . . . 7960 10843 21 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10844 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10844 2 Illustration illustration NN 7960 10844 3 : : : 7960 10844 4 TOWN town NN 7960 10844 5 HALL HALL NNP 7960 10844 6 OF of IN 7960 10844 7 LOUVAIN LOUVAIN NNP 7960 10844 8 , , , 7960 10844 9 BELGIUM BELGIUM NNP 7960 10844 10 One one CD 7960 10844 11 of of IN 7960 10844 12 the the DT 7960 10844 13 richest rich JJS 7960 10844 14 and and CC 7960 10844 15 most most RBS 7960 10844 16 ornate ornate JJ 7960 10844 17 examples example NNS 7960 10844 18 of of IN 7960 10844 19 Gothic gothic JJ 7960 10844 20 architecture architecture NN 7960 10844 21 Erected erect VBN 7960 10844 22 in in IN 7960 10844 23 the the DT 7960 10844 24 fifteenth fifteenth JJ 7960 10844 25 century century NN 7960 10844 26 The the DT 7960 10844 27 building building NN 7960 10844 28 consists consist VBZ 7960 10844 29 of of IN 7960 10844 30 three three CD 7960 10844 31 stories story NNS 7960 10844 32 above above IN 7960 10844 33 which which WDT 7960 10844 34 rises rise VBZ 7960 10844 35 the the DT 7960 10844 36 lofty lofty JJ 7960 10844 37 roof roof NN 7960 10844 38 crowned crown VBN 7960 10844 39 with with IN 7960 10844 40 graceful graceful JJ 7960 10844 41 towers tower NNS 7960 10844 42 . . . 7960 10845 1 The the DT 7960 10845 2 interior interior JJ 7960 10845 3 decoration decoration NN 7960 10845 4 and and CC 7960 10845 5 arrangements arrangement NNS 7960 10845 6 are be VBP 7960 10845 7 commonplace commonplace JJ 7960 10845 8 . . . 7960 10845 9 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10846 1 BRUGES bruges NN 7960 10846 2 , , , 7960 10846 3 GHENT GHENT NNP 7960 10846 4 AND and CC 7960 10846 5 YPRES YPRES NNP 7960 10846 6 Among among IN 7960 10846 7 the the DT 7960 10846 8 thriving thriving JJ 7960 10846 9 communities community NNS 7960 10846 10 of of IN 7960 10846 11 Flanders flander NNS 7960 10846 12 three three CD 7960 10846 13 held hold VBD 7960 10846 14 an an DT 7960 10846 15 exceptional exceptional JJ 7960 10846 16 position position NN 7960 10846 17 . . . 7960 10847 1 Bruges bruge NNS 7960 10847 2 was be VBD 7960 10847 3 the the DT 7960 10847 4 mart mart NNP 7960 10847 5 where where WRB 7960 10847 6 the the DT 7960 10847 7 trade trade NN 7960 10847 8 of of IN 7960 10847 9 southern southern JJ 7960 10847 10 Europe Europe NNP 7960 10847 11 , , , 7960 10847 12 in in IN 7960 10847 13 the the DT 7960 10847 14 hands hand NNS 7960 10847 15 of of IN 7960 10847 16 the the DT 7960 10847 17 Venetians Venetians NNPS 7960 10847 18 , , , 7960 10847 19 and and CC 7960 10847 20 the the DT 7960 10847 21 trade trade NN 7960 10847 22 of of IN 7960 10847 23 northern northern JJ 7960 10847 24 Europe Europe NNP 7960 10847 25 , , , 7960 10847 26 in in IN 7960 10847 27 the the DT 7960 10847 28 hands hand NNS 7960 10847 29 of of IN 7960 10847 30 the the DT 7960 10847 31 Hanseatic hanseatic JJ 7960 10847 32 merchants merchant NNS 7960 10847 33 , , , 7960 10847 34 came come VBD 7960 10847 35 together together RB 7960 10847 36 . . . 7960 10848 1 Ghent ghent JJ 7960 10848 2 , , , 7960 10848 3 with with IN 7960 10848 4 forty forty CD 7960 10848 5 thousand thousand CD 7960 10848 6 workshops workshop NNS 7960 10848 7 , , , 7960 10848 8 and and CC 7960 10848 9 Ypres Ypres NNP 7960 10848 10 , , , 7960 10848 11 which which WDT 7960 10848 12 counted count VBD 7960 10848 13 two two CD 7960 10848 14 hundred hundred CD 7960 10848 15 thousand thousand CD 7960 10848 16 workmen workman NNS 7960 10848 17 within within IN 7960 10848 18 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10848 19 walls wall NNS 7960 10848 20 and and CC 7960 10848 21 suburbs suburb NNS 7960 10848 22 , , , 7960 10848 23 were be VBD 7960 10848 24 scarcely scarcely RB 7960 10848 25 less less RBR 7960 10848 26 prosperous prosperous JJ 7960 10848 27 . . . 7960 10849 1 When when WRB 7960 10849 2 these these DT 7960 10849 3 cities city NNS 7960 10849 4 declined decline VBD 7960 10849 5 in in IN 7960 10849 6 wealth wealth NN 7960 10849 7 , , , 7960 10849 8 Antwerp Antwerp NNP 7960 10849 9 became become VBD 7960 10849 10 the the DT 7960 10849 11 commercial commercial JJ 7960 10849 12 metropolis metropolis NN 7960 10849 13 of of IN 7960 10849 14 the the DT 7960 10849 15 Netherlands Netherlands NNP 7960 10849 16 . . . 7960 10850 1 FLANDERS flander NNS 7960 10850 2 AND and CC 7960 10850 3 FRANCE FRANCE NNP 7960 10850 4 During during IN 7960 10850 5 the the DT 7960 10850 6 fourteenth fourteenth JJ 7960 10850 7 century century NN 7960 10850 8 Flanders Flanders NNPS 7960 10850 9 was be VBD 7960 10850 10 annexed annex VBN 7960 10850 11 by by IN 7960 10850 12 France France NNP 7960 10850 13 . . . 7960 10851 1 The the DT 7960 10851 2 Flemish flemish JJ 7960 10851 3 cities city NNS 7960 10851 4 resisted resist VBD 7960 10851 5 bravely bravely RB 7960 10851 6 , , , 7960 10851 7 and and CC 7960 10851 8 on on IN 7960 10851 9 more more JJR 7960 10851 10 than than IN 7960 10851 11 one one CD 7960 10851 12 occasion occasion NN 7960 10851 13 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10851 14 citizen citizen NN 7960 10851 15 levies levy NNS 7960 10851 16 , , , 7960 10851 17 who who WP 7960 10851 18 could could MD 7960 10851 19 handle handle VB 7960 10851 20 sword sword NN 7960 10851 21 and and CC 7960 10851 22 ax ax NN 7960 10851 23 , , , 7960 10851 24 as as RB 7960 10851 25 well well RB 7960 10851 26 as as IN 7960 10851 27 the the DT 7960 10851 28 loom loom NN 7960 10851 29 , , , 7960 10851 30 defeated defeat VBD 7960 10851 31 the the DT 7960 10851 32 French french JJ 7960 10851 33 armies army NNS 7960 10851 34 , , , 7960 10851 35 thus thus RB 7960 10851 36 demonstrating demonstrate VBG 7960 10851 37 again again RB 7960 10851 38 that that IN 7960 10851 39 foot foot NN 7960 10851 40 soldiers soldier NNS 7960 10851 41 were be VBD 7960 10851 42 a a DT 7960 10851 43 match match NN 7960 10851 44 for for IN 7960 10851 45 mailed mail VBN 7960 10851 46 cavalry cavalry NNP 7960 10851 47 . . . 7960 10852 1 Had have VBD 7960 10852 2 the the DT 7960 10852 3 cities city NNS 7960 10852 4 been be VBN 7960 10852 5 able able JJ 7960 10852 6 to to TO 7960 10852 7 form form VB 7960 10852 8 a a DT 7960 10852 9 lasting lasting JJ 7960 10852 10 league league NN 7960 10852 11 , , , 7960 10852 12 they -PRON- PRP 7960 10852 13 might may MD 7960 10852 14 have have VB 7960 10852 15 established establish VBN 7960 10852 16 an an DT 7960 10852 17 independent independent JJ 7960 10852 18 Flanders flander NNS 7960 10852 19 , , , 7960 10852 20 but but CC 7960 10852 21 the the DT 7960 10852 22 bitter bitter JJ 7960 10852 23 rivalry rivalry NN 7960 10852 24 of of IN 7960 10852 25 Ghent Ghent NNP 7960 10852 26 and and CC 7960 10852 27 Bruges Bruges NNPS 7960 10852 28 led lead VBD 7960 10852 29 to to IN 7960 10852 30 foreign foreign JJ 7960 10852 31 domination domination NN 7960 10852 32 , , , 7960 10852 33 lasting last VBG 7960 10852 34 into into IN 7960 10852 35 the the DT 7960 10852 36 nineteenth nineteenth JJ 7960 10852 37 century century NN 7960 10852 38 . . . 7960 10853 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10853 2 30 30 CD 7960 10853 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10853 4 THE the DT 7960 10853 5 CITIES city NNS 7960 10853 6 AND and CC 7960 10853 7 CIVILIZATION CIVILIZATION VBD 7960 10853 8 The the DT 7960 10853 9 great great JJ 7960 10853 10 cities city NNS 7960 10853 11 of of IN 7960 10853 12 Flanders Flanders NNPS 7960 10853 13 , , , 7960 10853 14 Germany Germany NNP 7960 10853 15 , , , 7960 10853 16 and and CC 7960 10853 17 Italy Italy NNP 7960 10853 18 , , , 7960 10853 19 not not RB 7960 10853 20 to to TO 7960 10853 21 speak speak VB 7960 10853 22 of of IN 7960 10853 23 those those DT 7960 10853 24 in in IN 7960 10853 25 France France NNP 7960 10853 26 , , , 7960 10853 27 Spain Spain NNP 7960 10853 28 , , , 7960 10853 29 and and CC 7960 10853 30 England England NNP 7960 10853 31 , , , 7960 10853 32 were be VBD 7960 10853 33 much much RB 7960 10853 34 more more JJR 7960 10853 35 than than IN 7960 10853 36 centers center NNS 7960 10853 37 of of IN 7960 10853 38 trade trade NN 7960 10853 39 , , , 7960 10853 40 industry industry NN 7960 10853 41 , , , 7960 10853 42 and and CC 7960 10853 43 finance finance NN 7960 10853 44 . . . 7960 10854 1 Within within IN 7960 10854 2 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10854 3 walls wall NNS 7960 10854 4 learning learn VBG 7960 10854 5 and and CC 7960 10854 6 art art NN 7960 10854 7 flourished flourish VBD 7960 10854 8 to to IN 7960 10854 9 an an DT 7960 10854 10 extent extent NN 7960 10854 11 which which WDT 7960 10854 12 had have VBD 7960 10854 13 never never RB 7960 10854 14 been be VBN 7960 10854 15 possible possible JJ 7960 10854 16 in in IN 7960 10854 17 earlier early JJR 7960 10854 18 times time NNS 7960 10854 19 , , , 7960 10854 20 when when WRB 7960 10854 21 rural rural JJ 7960 10854 22 life life NN 7960 10854 23 prevailed prevail VBD 7960 10854 24 throughout throughout IN 7960 10854 25 western western JJ 7960 10854 26 Europe Europe NNP 7960 10854 27 . . . 7960 10855 1 We -PRON- PRP 7960 10855 2 shall shall MD 7960 10855 3 now now RB 7960 10855 4 see see VB 7960 10855 5 what what WP 7960 10855 6 the the DT 7960 10855 7 cities city NNS 7960 10855 8 of of IN 7960 10855 9 the the DT 7960 10855 10 Middle Middle NNP 7960 10855 11 Ages Ages NNPS 7960 10855 12 contributed contribute VBD 7960 10855 13 to to IN 7960 10855 14 civilization civilization NN 7960 10855 15 . . . 7960 10856 1 STUDIES STUDIES NNP 7960 10856 2 1 1 CD 7960 10856 3 . . . 7960 10857 1 Indicate indicate VB 7960 10857 2 on on IN 7960 10857 3 the the DT 7960 10857 4 map map NN 7960 10857 5 some some DT 7960 10857 6 great great JJ 7960 10857 7 commercial commercial JJ 7960 10857 8 cities city NNS 7960 10857 9 of of IN 7960 10857 10 the the DT 7960 10857 11 Middle Middle NNP 7960 10857 12 Ages Ages NNP 7960 10857 13 as as IN 7960 10857 14 follows follow VBZ 7960 10857 15 : : : 7960 10857 16 four four CD 7960 10857 17 in in IN 7960 10857 18 Italy Italy NNP 7960 10857 19 ; ; : 7960 10857 20 three three CD 7960 10857 21 in in IN 7960 10857 22 the the DT 7960 10857 23 Netherlands Netherlands NNP 7960 10857 24 ; ; : 7960 10857 25 and and CC 7960 10857 26 six six CD 7960 10857 27 in in IN 7960 10857 28 Germany Germany NNP 7960 10857 29 . . . 7960 10858 1 2 2 LS 7960 10858 2 . . . 7960 10859 1 Why why WRB 7960 10859 2 does do VBZ 7960 10859 3 an an DT 7960 10859 4 American american JJ 7960 10859 5 city city NN 7960 10859 6 have have VBP 7960 10859 7 a a DT 7960 10859 8 charter charter NN 7960 10859 9 ? ? . 7960 10860 1 Where where WRB 7960 10860 2 is be VBZ 7960 10860 3 it -PRON- PRP 7960 10860 4 obtained obtain VBN 7960 10860 5 ? ? . 7960 10861 1 What what WDT 7960 10861 2 privileges privilege NNS 7960 10861 3 does do VBZ 7960 10861 4 it -PRON- PRP 7960 10861 5 confer confer VB 7960 10861 6 ? ? . 7960 10862 1 3 3 LS 7960 10862 2 . . . 7960 10862 3 Who who WP 7960 10862 4 comprised comprise VBD 7960 10862 5 the the DT 7960 10862 6 " " `` 7960 10862 7 third third JJ 7960 10862 8 estate estate NN 7960 10862 9 " " '' 7960 10862 10 in in IN 7960 10862 11 the the DT 7960 10862 12 Middle Middle NNP 7960 10862 13 Ages Ages NNPS 7960 10862 14 ? ? . 7960 10863 1 What what WDT 7960 10863 2 class class NN 7960 10863 3 corresponds correspond VBZ 7960 10863 4 to to IN 7960 10863 5 it -PRON- PRP 7960 10863 6 at at IN 7960 10863 7 the the DT 7960 10863 8 present present JJ 7960 10863 9 time time NN 7960 10863 10 ? ? . 7960 10864 1 4 4 LS 7960 10864 2 . . . 7960 10865 1 Why why WRB 7960 10865 2 has have VBZ 7960 10865 3 the the DT 7960 10865 4 medieval medieval JJ 7960 10865 5 city city NN 7960 10865 6 been be VBN 7960 10865 7 called call VBN 7960 10865 8 the the DT 7960 10865 9 " " `` 7960 10865 10 birthplace birthplace NN 7960 10865 11 of of IN 7960 10865 12 modern modern JJ 7960 10865 13 democracy democracy NN 7960 10865 14 " " '' 7960 10865 15 ? ? . 7960 10866 1 5 5 CD 7960 10866 2 . . . 7960 10867 1 Compare compare VB 7960 10867 2 the the DT 7960 10867 3 merchant merchant NN 7960 10867 4 guild guild NN 7960 10867 5 with with IN 7960 10867 6 the the DT 7960 10867 7 modern modern JJ 7960 10867 8 chamber chamber NN 7960 10867 9 of of IN 7960 10867 10 commerce commerce NN 7960 10867 11 , , , 7960 10867 12 and and CC 7960 10867 13 craft craft NN 7960 10867 14 guilds guild NNS 7960 10867 15 with with IN 7960 10867 16 modern modern JJ 7960 10867 17 trade trade NN 7960 10867 18 unions union NNS 7960 10867 19 . . . 7960 10868 1 6 6 CD 7960 10868 2 . . . 7960 10869 1 Look look VB 7960 10869 2 up up RP 7960 10869 3 the the DT 7960 10869 4 origin origin NN 7960 10869 5 of of IN 7960 10869 6 the the DT 7960 10869 7 words word NNS 7960 10869 8 " " `` 7960 10869 9 apprentice apprentice NN 7960 10869 10 , , , 7960 10869 11 " " '' 7960 10869 12 " " `` 7960 10869 13 journeyman journeyman NNP 7960 10869 14 , , , 7960 10869 15 " " '' 7960 10869 16 and and CC 7960 10869 17 " " `` 7960 10869 18 master master NN 7960 10869 19 . . . 7960 10869 20 " " '' 7960 10870 1 7 7 LS 7960 10870 2 . . . 7960 10871 1 Why why WRB 7960 10871 2 was be VBD 7960 10871 3 there there RB 7960 10871 4 no no DT 7960 10871 5 antagonism antagonism NN 7960 10871 6 between between IN 7960 10871 7 labor labor NN 7960 10871 8 and and CC 7960 10871 9 capital capital NN 7960 10871 10 under under IN 7960 10871 11 the the DT 7960 10871 12 guild guild NN 7960 10871 13 system system NN 7960 10871 14 ? ? . 7960 10872 1 8 8 LS 7960 10872 2 . . . 7960 10873 1 Compare compare VB 7960 10873 2 the the DT 7960 10873 3 medieval medieval JJ 7960 10873 4 abhorrence abhorrence NN 7960 10873 5 of of IN 7960 10873 6 " " `` 7960 10873 7 engrossing engross VBG 7960 10873 8 " " '' 7960 10873 9 with with IN 7960 10873 10 the the DT 7960 10873 11 modern modern JJ 7960 10873 12 idea idea NN 7960 10873 13 that that IN 7960 10873 14 " " `` 7960 10873 15 combinations combination NNS 7960 10873 16 in in IN 7960 10873 17 restraint restraint NN 7960 10873 18 of of IN 7960 10873 19 trade trade NN 7960 10873 20 " " '' 7960 10873 21 are be VBP 7960 10873 22 wrong wrong JJ 7960 10873 23 . . . 7960 10874 1 9 9 CD 7960 10874 2 . . . 7960 10875 1 Why why WRB 7960 10875 2 were be VBD 7960 10875 3 fairs fair NNS 7960 10875 4 a a DT 7960 10875 5 necessity necessity NN 7960 10875 6 in in IN 7960 10875 7 the the DT 7960 10875 8 Middle Middle NNP 7960 10875 9 Ages Ages NNPS 7960 10875 10 ? ? . 7960 10876 1 Why why WRB 7960 10876 2 are be VBP 7960 10876 3 they -PRON- PRP 7960 10876 4 not not RB 7960 10876 5 so so RB 7960 10876 6 useful useful JJ 7960 10876 7 now now RB 7960 10876 8 ? ? . 7960 10877 1 Where where WRB 7960 10877 2 are be VBP 7960 10877 3 they -PRON- PRP 7960 10877 4 still still RB 7960 10877 5 found find VBN 7960 10877 6 ? ? . 7960 10878 1 10 10 CD 7960 10878 2 . . . 7960 10879 1 Compare compare VB 7960 10879 2 a a DT 7960 10879 3 medieval medieval JJ 7960 10879 4 fair fair NN 7960 10879 5 with with IN 7960 10879 6 a a DT 7960 10879 7 modern modern JJ 7960 10879 8 exposition exposition NN 7960 10879 9 . . . 7960 10880 1 11 11 CD 7960 10880 2 . . . 7960 10881 1 What what WP 7960 10881 2 would would MD 7960 10881 3 be be VB 7960 10881 4 the the DT 7960 10881 5 effect effect NN 7960 10881 6 on on IN 7960 10881 7 trade trade NN 7960 10881 8 within within IN 7960 10881 9 an an DT 7960 10881 10 American american JJ 7960 10881 11 state state NN 7960 10881 12 if if IN 7960 10881 13 tolls toll NNS 7960 10881 14 were be VBD 7960 10881 15 levied levy VBN 7960 10881 16 on on IN 7960 10881 17 the the DT 7960 10881 18 border border NN 7960 10881 19 of of IN 7960 10881 20 every every DT 7960 10881 21 county county NN 7960 10881 22 ? ? . 7960 10882 1 12 12 CD 7960 10882 2 . . . 7960 10883 1 What what WP 7960 10883 2 is be VBZ 7960 10883 3 meant mean VBN 7960 10883 4 by by IN 7960 10883 5 a a DT 7960 10883 6 " " `` 7960 10883 7 robber robber NN 7960 10883 8 baron baron NN 7960 10883 9 " " '' 7960 10883 10 ? ? . 7960 10884 1 13 13 CD 7960 10884 2 . . . 7960 10885 1 How how WRB 7960 10885 2 did do VBD 7960 10885 3 the the DT 7960 10885 4 names name NNS 7960 10885 5 " " `` 7960 10885 6 damask damask NN 7960 10885 7 " " '' 7960 10885 8 linen linen NN 7960 10885 9 , , , 7960 10885 10 " " '' 7960 10885 11 chinaware chinaware NN 7960 10885 12 , , , 7960 10885 13 " " '' 7960 10885 14 " " `` 7960 10885 15 japanned japan VBN 7960 10885 16 " " '' 7960 10885 17 ware ware NN 7960 10885 18 , , , 7960 10885 19 and and CC 7960 10885 20 " " `` 7960 10885 21 cashmere cashmere RB 7960 10885 22 " " '' 7960 10885 23 shawls shawl NNS 7960 10885 24 originate originate VB 7960 10885 25 ? ? . 7960 10886 1 14 14 CD 7960 10886 2 . . . 7960 10887 1 Why why WRB 7960 10887 2 was be VBD 7960 10887 3 the the DT 7960 10887 4 purchasing purchasing NN 7960 10887 5 power power NN 7960 10887 6 of of IN 7960 10887 7 money money NN 7960 10887 8 much much RB 7960 10887 9 greater great JJR 7960 10887 10 in in IN 7960 10887 11 the the DT 7960 10887 12 Middle Middle NNP 7960 10887 13 Ages Ages NNPS 7960 10887 14 than than IN 7960 10887 15 it -PRON- PRP 7960 10887 16 is be VBZ 7960 10887 17 now now RB 7960 10887 18 ? ? . 7960 10888 1 15 15 CD 7960 10888 2 . . . 7960 10889 1 Why why WRB 7960 10889 2 are be VBP 7960 10889 3 modern modern JJ 7960 10889 4 coins coin NNS 7960 10889 5 always always RB 7960 10889 6 made make VBD 7960 10889 7 perfectly perfectly RB 7960 10889 8 round round JJ 7960 10889 9 and and CC 7960 10889 10 with with IN 7960 10889 11 " " `` 7960 10889 12 milled mill VBN 7960 10889 13 " " '' 7960 10889 14 edges edge NNS 7960 10889 15 ? ? . 7960 10890 1 16 16 CD 7960 10890 2 . . . 7960 10891 1 Are be VBP 7960 10891 2 modern modern JJ 7960 10891 3 coins coin NNS 7960 10891 4 " " `` 7960 10891 5 debased debase VBD 7960 10891 6 " " '' 7960 10891 7 to to IN 7960 10891 8 any any DT 7960 10891 9 considerable considerable JJ 7960 10891 10 extent extent NN 7960 10891 11 ? ? . 7960 10892 1 What what WP 7960 10892 2 is be VBZ 7960 10892 3 the the DT 7960 10892 4 use use NN 7960 10892 5 of of IN 7960 10892 6 alloys alloy NNS 7960 10892 7 ? ? . 7960 10893 1 17 17 CD 7960 10893 2 . . . 7960 10894 1 Why why WRB 7960 10894 2 was be VBD 7960 10894 3 the the DT 7960 10894 4 money money NN 7960 10894 5 - - HYPH 7960 10894 6 changer changer NN 7960 10894 7 so so RB 7960 10894 8 necessary necessary JJ 7960 10894 9 a a DT 7960 10894 10 figure figure NN 7960 10894 11 in in IN 7960 10894 12 medieval medieval JJ 7960 10894 13 business business NN 7960 10894 14 ? ? . 7960 10895 1 18 18 CD 7960 10895 2 . . . 7960 10896 1 How how WRB 7960 10896 2 is be VBZ 7960 10896 3 it -PRON- PRP 7960 10896 4 easy easy JJ 7960 10896 5 to to TO 7960 10896 6 evade evade VB 7960 10896 7 laws law NNS 7960 10896 8 forbidding forbid VBG 7960 10896 9 usury usury RB 7960 10896 10 ? ? . 7960 10897 1 19 19 CD 7960 10897 2 . . . 7960 10898 1 Look look VB 7960 10898 2 up up RP 7960 10898 3 in in IN 7960 10898 4 an an DT 7960 10898 5 encyclopedia encyclopedia NN 7960 10898 6 the the DT 7960 10898 7 legend legend NN 7960 10898 8 of of IN 7960 10898 9 the the DT 7960 10898 10 " " `` 7960 10898 11 Wandering Wandering NNP 7960 10898 12 Jew Jew NNP 7960 10898 13 . . . 7960 10898 14 " " '' 7960 10899 1 How how WRB 7960 10899 2 does do VBZ 7960 10899 3 it -PRON- PRP 7960 10899 4 illustrate illustrate VB 7960 10899 5 the the DT 7960 10899 6 medieval medieval JJ 7960 10899 7 attitude attitude NN 7960 10899 8 toward toward IN 7960 10899 9 Jews Jews NNPS 7960 10899 10 ? ? . 7960 10900 1 20 20 CD 7960 10900 2 . . . 7960 10901 1 Write write VB 7960 10901 2 out out RP 7960 10901 3 the the DT 7960 10901 4 English english JJ 7960 10901 5 equivalents equivalent NNS 7960 10901 6 of of IN 7960 10901 7 the the DT 7960 10901 8 Italian italian JJ 7960 10901 9 words word NNS 7960 10901 10 mentioned mention VBN 7960 10901 11 in in IN 7960 10901 12 footnote footnote NN 7960 10901 13 20 20 CD 7960 10901 14 . . . 7960 10902 1 21 21 CD 7960 10902 2 . . . 7960 10903 1 Compare compare VB 7960 10903 2 the the DT 7960 10903 3 Italian italian JJ 7960 10903 4 despots despot NNS 7960 10903 5 with with IN 7960 10903 6 the the DT 7960 10903 7 Greek greek JJ 7960 10903 8 tyrants tyrant NNS 7960 10903 9 . . . 7960 10904 1 22 22 CD 7960 10904 2 . . . 7960 10905 1 Show show VB 7960 10905 2 that that IN 7960 10905 3 Venice Venice NNP 7960 10905 4 in in IN 7960 10905 5 medieval medieval JJ 7960 10905 6 times time NNS 7960 10905 7 was be VBD 7960 10905 8 the the DT 7960 10905 9 seaport seaport NN 7960 10905 10 nearest nearest IN 7960 10905 11 the the DT 7960 10905 12 heart heart NN 7960 10905 13 of of IN 7960 10905 14 commercial commercial JJ 7960 10905 15 Europe Europe NNP 7960 10905 16 . . . 7960 10906 1 23 23 CD 7960 10906 2 . . . 7960 10907 1 Compare compare VB 7960 10907 2 the the DT 7960 10907 3 Venetian venetian JJ 7960 10907 4 and and CC 7960 10907 5 Athenian athenian JJ 7960 10907 6 sea sea NN 7960 10907 7 - - : 7960 10907 8 empires empire NNS 7960 10907 9 in in IN 7960 10907 10 respect respect NN 7960 10907 11 to to IN 7960 10907 12 ( ( -LRB- 7960 10907 13 a a DT 7960 10907 14 ) ) -RRB- 7960 10907 15 extent extent NN 7960 10907 16 , , , 7960 10907 17 ( ( -LRB- 7960 10907 18 b b NN 7960 10907 19 ) ) -RRB- 7960 10907 20 duration duration NN 7960 10907 21 , , , 7960 10907 22 and and CC 7960 10907 23 ( ( -LRB- 7960 10907 24 c c NN 7960 10907 25 ) ) -RRB- 7960 10907 26 commercial commercial JJ 7960 10907 27 policy policy NN 7960 10907 28 . . . 7960 10908 1 24 24 CD 7960 10908 2 . . . 7960 10909 1 Why why WRB 7960 10909 2 was be VBD 7960 10909 3 Venice Venice NNP 7960 10909 4 called call VBD 7960 10909 5 the the DT 7960 10909 6 " " `` 7960 10909 7 bride bride NN 7960 10909 8 of of IN 7960 10909 9 the the DT 7960 10909 10 sea sea NN 7960 10909 11 " " '' 7960 10909 12 ? ? . 7960 10910 1 FOOTNOTES footnote NNS 7960 10910 2 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10910 3 1 1 LS 7960 10910 4 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10910 5 The the DT 7960 10910 6 word word NN 7960 10910 7 " " `` 7960 10910 8 city city NN 7960 10910 9 " " '' 7960 10910 10 comes come VBZ 7960 10910 11 through through IN 7960 10910 12 the the DT 7960 10910 13 French French NNP 7960 10910 14 from from IN 7960 10910 15 the the DT 7960 10910 16 Latin Latin NNP 7960 10910 17 _ _ NNP 7960 10910 18 civilitas civilitas FW 7960 10910 19 _ _ NNP 7960 10910 20 , , , 7960 10910 21 meaning mean VBG 7960 10910 22 citizenship citizenship NN 7960 10910 23 , , , 7960 10910 24 state state NN 7960 10910 25 . . . 7960 10911 1 The the DT 7960 10911 2 word word NN 7960 10911 3 " " `` 7960 10911 4 town town NN 7960 10911 5 " " '' 7960 10911 6 ( ( -LRB- 7960 10911 7 from from IN 7960 10911 8 Anglo Anglo NNP 7960 10911 9 - - HYPH 7960 10911 10 Saxon Saxon NNP 7960 10911 11 _ _ NNP 7960 10911 12 tun tun NNP 7960 10911 13 _ _ NNP 7960 10911 14 ) ) -RRB- 7960 10911 15 , , , 7960 10911 16 which which WDT 7960 10911 17 is be VBZ 7960 10911 18 now now RB 7960 10911 19 often often RB 7960 10911 20 used use VBN 7960 10911 21 as as IN 7960 10911 22 a a DT 7960 10911 23 synonym synonym NN 7960 10911 24 of of IN 7960 10911 25 city city NN 7960 10911 26 , , , 7960 10911 27 originally originally RB 7960 10911 28 meant mean VBD 7960 10911 29 a a DT 7960 10911 30 village village NN 7960 10911 31 ( ( -LRB- 7960 10911 32 French French NNP 7960 10911 33 _ _ NNP 7960 10911 34 ville ville NNP 7960 10911 35 _ _ NNP 7960 10911 36 , , , 7960 10911 37 Latin Latin NNP 7960 10911 38 _ _ NNP 7960 10911 39 villa villa NN 7960 10911 40 _ _ NNP 7960 10911 41 ) ) -RRB- 7960 10911 42 . . . 7960 10912 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10912 2 2 2 LS 7960 10912 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10912 4 See see VB 7960 10912 5 page page NN 7960 10912 6 437 437 CD 7960 10912 7 . . . 7960 10913 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10913 2 3 3 LS 7960 10913 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10913 4 See see VB 7960 10913 5 page page NN 7960 10913 6 81 81 CD 7960 10913 7 . . . 7960 10914 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10914 2 4 4 CD 7960 10914 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10914 4 From from IN 7960 10914 5 French French NNP 7960 10914 6 _ _ NNP 7960 10914 7 bourg bourg NN 7960 10914 8 , , , 7960 10914 9 _ _ NNP 7960 10914 10 " " '' 7960 10914 11 town town NN 7960 10914 12 . . . 7960 10914 13 " " '' 7960 10915 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10915 2 5 5 LS 7960 10915 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10915 4 See see VB 7960 10915 5 pages page NNS 7960 10915 6 506 506 CD 7960 10915 7 , , , 7960 10915 8 515 515 CD 7960 10915 9 . . . 7960 10916 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10916 2 6 6 CD 7960 10916 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10916 4 The the DT 7960 10916 5 visitor visitor NN 7960 10916 6 to to IN 7960 10916 7 Chester Chester NNP 7960 10916 8 in in IN 7960 10916 9 England England NNP 7960 10916 10 or or CC 7960 10916 11 Rothenburg Rothenburg NNP 7960 10916 12 in in IN 7960 10916 13 Germany Germany NNP 7960 10916 14 finds find VBZ 7960 10916 15 the the DT 7960 10916 16 old old JJ 7960 10916 17 ramparts rampart NNS 7960 10916 18 still still RB 7960 10916 19 standing stand VBG 7960 10916 20 and and CC 7960 10916 21 gains gain VBZ 7960 10916 22 an an DT 7960 10916 23 excellent excellent JJ 7960 10916 24 idea idea NN 7960 10916 25 of of IN 7960 10916 26 the the DT 7960 10916 27 cramped cramp VBN 7960 10916 28 quarters quarter NNS 7960 10916 29 of of IN 7960 10916 30 a a DT 7960 10916 31 medieval medieval JJ 7960 10916 32 city city NN 7960 10916 33 . . . 7960 10917 1 Nuremburg nuremburg NN 7960 10917 2 in in IN 7960 10917 3 southern southern JJ 7960 10917 4 Germany Germany NNP 7960 10917 5 is be VBZ 7960 10917 6 another another DT 7960 10917 7 city city NN 7960 10917 8 which which WDT 7960 10917 9 has have VBZ 7960 10917 10 preserved preserve VBN 7960 10917 11 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10917 12 medieval medieval JJ 7960 10917 13 monuments monument NNS 7960 10917 14 . . . 7960 10918 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10918 2 7 7 CD 7960 10918 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10918 4 French French NNP 7960 10918 5 _ _ NNP 7960 10918 6 couvre couvre NNP 7960 10918 7 feu feu NNP 7960 10918 8 _ _ NNP 7960 10918 9 , , , 7960 10918 10 " " `` 7960 10918 11 cover cover NN 7960 10918 12 fire fire NN 7960 10918 13 . . . 7960 10918 14 " " '' 7960 10919 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10919 2 8 8 CD 7960 10919 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10919 4 In in IN 7960 10919 5 French French NNP 7960 10919 6 _ _ NNP 7960 10919 7 hôtel hôtel NNP 7960 10919 8 de de FW 7960 10919 9 ville ville NNP 7960 10919 10 _ _ NNP 7960 10919 11 ; ; : 7960 10919 12 in in IN 7960 10919 13 German German NNP 7960 10919 14 _ _ NNP 7960 10919 15 Rathhaus Rathhaus NNP 7960 10919 16 _ _ NNP 7960 10919 17 . . . 7960 10920 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10920 2 9 9 CD 7960 10920 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10920 4 German German NNP 7960 10920 5 _ _ NNP 7960 10920 6 bürgermeister bürgermeister NN 7960 10920 7 _ _ NNP 7960 10920 8 , , , 7960 10920 9 from from IN 7960 10920 10 _ _ NNP 7960 10920 11 burg burg NNP 7960 10920 12 _ _ NNP 7960 10920 13 , , , 7960 10920 14 " " '' 7960 10920 15 castle castle NNP 7960 10920 16 . . . 7960 10920 17 " " '' 7960 10921 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10921 2 10 10 CD 7960 10921 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10921 4 French French NNP 7960 10921 5 _ _ NNP 7960 10921 6 maire maire NN 7960 10921 7 _ _ NNP 7960 10921 8 , , , 7960 10921 9 from from IN 7960 10921 10 Latin Latin NNP 7960 10921 11 _ _ NNP 7960 10921 12 major major JJ 7960 10921 13 _ _ NNP 7960 10921 14 , , , 7960 10921 15 " " '' 7960 10921 16 greater great JJR 7960 10921 17 . . . 7960 10921 18 " " '' 7960 10922 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10922 2 11 11 CD 7960 10922 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10922 4 Anglo Anglo NNP 7960 10922 5 - - HYPH 7960 10922 6 Saxon Saxon NNP 7960 10922 7 _ _ NNP 7960 10922 8 ealdorman ealdorman NNP 7960 10922 9 _ _ NNP 7960 10922 10 ( ( -LRB- 7960 10922 11 _ _ NNP 7960 10922 12 eald eald NNP 7960 10922 13 _ _ NNP 7960 10922 14 means mean VBZ 7960 10922 15 " " `` 7960 10922 16 old old JJ 7960 10922 17 " " '' 7960 10922 18 ) ) -RRB- 7960 10922 19 . . . 7960 10923 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10923 2 12 12 CD 7960 10923 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10923 4 A a DT 7960 10923 5 map map NN 7960 10923 6 of of IN 7960 10923 7 London London NNP 7960 10923 8 still still RB 7960 10923 9 shows show VBZ 7960 10923 10 such such JJ 7960 10923 11 names name NNS 7960 10923 12 as as IN 7960 10923 13 Shoe Shoe NNP 7960 10923 14 Lane Lane NNP 7960 10923 15 , , , 7960 10923 16 Distaff Distaff NNP 7960 10923 17 Lane Lane NNP 7960 10923 18 , , , 7960 10923 19 Cornhill Cornhill NNP 7960 10923 20 , , , 7960 10923 21 and and CC 7960 10923 22 many many JJ 7960 10923 23 other other JJ 7960 10923 24 similar similar JJ 7960 10923 25 designations designation NNS 7960 10923 26 of of IN 7960 10923 27 streets street NNS 7960 10923 28 . . . 7960 10924 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10924 2 13 13 CD 7960 10924 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10924 4 The the DT 7960 10924 5 civic civic JJ 7960 10924 6 procession procession NN 7960 10924 7 in in IN 7960 10924 8 London London NNP 7960 10924 9 on on IN 7960 10924 10 Lord Lord NNP 7960 10924 11 Mayor Mayor NNP 7960 10924 12 's 's POS 7960 10924 13 Day Day NNP 7960 10924 14 is be VBZ 7960 10924 15 the the DT 7960 10924 16 last last JJ 7960 10924 17 survival survival NN 7960 10924 18 in in IN 7960 10924 19 England England NNP 7960 10924 20 of of IN 7960 10924 21 these these DT 7960 10924 22 yearly yearly JJ 7960 10924 23 shows show NNS 7960 10924 24 . . . 7960 10925 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10925 2 14 14 CD 7960 10925 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10925 4 See see VB 7960 10925 5 page page NN 7960 10925 6 336 336 CD 7960 10925 7 . . . 7960 10926 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10926 2 15 15 CD 7960 10926 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10926 4 See see VB 7960 10926 5 page page NN 7960 10926 6 382 382 CD 7960 10926 7 . . . 7960 10927 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10927 2 16 16 CD 7960 10927 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10927 4 See see VB 7960 10927 5 pages page NNS 7960 10927 6 47 47 CD 7960 10927 7 - - SYM 7960 10927 8 48 48 CD 7960 10927 9 . . . 7960 10928 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10928 2 17 17 CD 7960 10928 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10928 4 See see VB 7960 10928 5 page page NN 7960 10928 6 417 417 CD 7960 10928 7 . . . 7960 10929 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10929 2 18 18 CD 7960 10929 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10929 4 See see VB 7960 10929 5 page page NN 7960 10929 6 640 640 CD 7960 10929 7 . . . 7960 10930 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10930 2 19 19 CD 7960 10930 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10930 4 Lombard Lombard NNP 7960 10930 5 Street Street NNP 7960 10930 6 in in IN 7960 10930 7 London London NNP 7960 10930 8 , , , 7960 10930 9 the the DT 7960 10930 10 financial financial JJ 7960 10930 11 center center NN 7960 10930 12 of of IN 7960 10930 13 England England NNP 7960 10930 14 , , , 7960 10930 15 received receive VBD 7960 10930 16 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10930 17 name name NN 7960 10930 18 from from IN 7960 10930 19 the the DT 7960 10930 20 Italian italian JJ 7960 10930 21 bankers banker NNS 7960 10930 22 who who WP 7960 10930 23 established establish VBD 7960 10930 24 themselves -PRON- PRP 7960 10930 25 in in IN 7960 10930 26 this this DT 7960 10930 27 part part NN 7960 10930 28 of of IN 7960 10930 29 the the DT 7960 10930 30 city city NN 7960 10930 31 . . . 7960 10931 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10931 2 20 20 CD 7960 10931 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10931 4 Among among IN 7960 10931 5 the the DT 7960 10931 6 Italian italian JJ 7960 10931 7 words word NNS 7960 10931 8 having have VBG 7960 10931 9 to to TO 7960 10931 10 do do VB 7960 10931 11 with with IN 7960 10931 12 commerce commerce NN 7960 10931 13 and and CC 7960 10931 14 banking banking NN 7960 10931 15 which which WDT 7960 10931 16 have have VBP 7960 10931 17 come come VBN 7960 10931 18 into into IN 7960 10931 19 general general JJ 7960 10931 20 use use NN 7960 10931 21 are be VBP 7960 10931 22 _ _ NNP 7960 10931 23 conto conto NNP 7960 10931 24 , , , 7960 10931 25 disconto disconto NN 7960 10931 26 , , , 7960 10931 27 risico risico NN 7960 10931 28 , , , 7960 10931 29 netto netto NNP 7960 10931 30 , , , 7960 10931 31 deposito deposito NNP 7960 10931 32 , , , 7960 10931 33 folio folio NNP 7960 10931 34 _ _ NNP 7960 10931 35 , , , 7960 10931 36 and and CC 7960 10931 37 _ _ NNP 7960 10931 38 bilanza bilanza NNP 7960 10931 39 _ _ NNP 7960 10931 40 . . . 7960 10932 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10932 2 21 21 CD 7960 10932 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10932 4 See see VB 7960 10932 5 page page NN 7960 10932 6 460 460 CD 7960 10932 7 . . . 7960 10933 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10933 2 22 22 CD 7960 10933 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10933 4 See see VB 7960 10933 5 page page NN 7960 10933 6 590 590 CD 7960 10933 7 . . . 7960 10934 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10934 2 23 23 CD 7960 10934 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10934 4 See see VB 7960 10934 5 page page NN 7960 10934 6 478 478 CD 7960 10934 7 . . . 7960 10935 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10935 2 24 24 CD 7960 10935 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10935 4 See see VB 7960 10935 5 page page NN 7960 10935 6 248 248 CD 7960 10935 7 . . . 7960 10936 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10936 2 25 25 CD 7960 10936 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10936 4 Known know VBN 7960 10936 5 in in IN 7960 10936 6 the the DT 7960 10936 7 Middle Middle NNP 7960 10936 8 Ages Ages NNP 7960 10936 9 as as IN 7960 10936 10 the the DT 7960 10936 11 Morea Morea NNP 7960 10936 12 . . . 7960 10937 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10937 2 26 26 CD 7960 10937 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10937 4 For for IN 7960 10937 5 the the DT 7960 10937 6 Venetian venetian JJ 7960 10937 7 possessions possession NNS 7960 10937 8 in in IN 7960 10937 9 1453 1453 CD 7960 10937 10 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 10937 11 see see VBP 7960 10937 12 the the DT 7960 10937 13 map map NN 7960 10937 14 , , , 7960 10937 15 page page NN 7960 10937 16 494 494 CD 7960 10937 17 . . . 7960 10938 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10938 2 27 27 CD 7960 10938 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10938 4 From from IN 7960 10938 5 the the DT 7960 10938 6 old old JJ 7960 10938 7 German german JJ 7960 10938 8 _ _ NNP 7960 10938 9 hansa hansa NNP 7960 10938 10 _ _ NNP 7960 10938 11 , , , 7960 10938 12 a a DT 7960 10938 13 " " `` 7960 10938 14 confederacy confederacy NN 7960 10938 15 . . . 7960 10938 16 " " '' 7960 10939 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10939 2 28 28 CD 7960 10939 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10939 4 See see VB 7960 10939 5 page page NN 7960 10939 6 526 526 CD 7960 10939 7 . . . 7960 10940 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10940 2 29 29 CD 7960 10940 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10940 4 See see VB 7960 10940 5 page page NN 7960 10940 6 640 640 CD 7960 10940 7 . . . 7960 10941 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10941 2 30 30 CD 7960 10941 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10941 4 In in IN 7960 10941 5 1831 1831 CD 7960 10941 6 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 10941 7 the the DT 7960 10941 8 two two CD 7960 10941 9 provinces province NNS 7960 10941 10 of of IN 7960 10941 11 East East NNP 7960 10941 12 Flanders Flanders NNPS 7960 10941 13 and and CC 7960 10941 14 West West NNP 7960 10941 15 Flanders Flanders NNPS 7960 10941 16 became become VBD 7960 10941 17 part part NN 7960 10941 18 of of IN 7960 10941 19 the the DT 7960 10941 20 modern modern JJ 7960 10941 21 kingdom kingdom NN 7960 10941 22 of of IN 7960 10941 23 Belgium Belgium NNP 7960 10941 24 . . . 7960 10942 1 CHAPTER CHAPTER NNP 7960 10942 2 XXIV XXIV NNP 7960 10942 3 MEDIEVAL MEDIEVAL NNP 7960 10942 4 CIVILIZATION CIVILIZATION NNP 7960 10942 5 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10942 6 1 1 CD 7960 10942 7 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10942 8 200 200 CD 7960 10942 9 . . . 7960 10943 1 FORMATION formation NN 7960 10943 2 OF of IN 7960 10943 3 NATIONAL NATIONAL NNP 7960 10943 4 LANGUAGES LANGUAGES NNP 7960 10943 5 THE the DT 7960 10943 6 12TH 12th CD 7960 10943 7 AND and CC 7960 10943 8 13TH 13th CD 7960 10943 9 CENTURIES century NNS 7960 10943 10 The the DT 7960 10943 11 twelfth twelfth JJ 7960 10943 12 and and CC 7960 10943 13 thirteenth thirteenth JJ 7960 10943 14 centuries century NNS 7960 10943 15 , , , 7960 10943 16 which which WDT 7960 10943 17 in in IN 7960 10943 18 western western JJ 7960 10943 19 Europe Europe NNP 7960 10943 20 saw see VBD 7960 10943 21 the the DT 7960 10943 22 rise rise NN 7960 10943 23 of of IN 7960 10943 24 national national JJ 7960 10943 25 states state NNS 7960 10943 26 out out IN 7960 10943 27 of of IN 7960 10943 28 the the DT 7960 10943 29 chaos chaos NN 7960 10943 30 of of IN 7960 10943 31 feudalism feudalism NN 7960 10943 32 and and CC 7960 10943 33 the the DT 7960 10943 34 development development NN 7960 10943 35 of of IN 7960 10943 36 cities city NNS 7960 10943 37 , , , 7960 10943 38 may may MD 7960 10943 39 be be VB 7960 10943 40 regarded regard VBN 7960 10943 41 as as IN 7960 10943 42 the the DT 7960 10943 43 central central JJ 7960 10943 44 period period NN 7960 10943 45 of of IN 7960 10943 46 the the DT 7960 10943 47 Middle Middle NNP 7960 10943 48 Ages Ages NNPS 7960 10943 49 . . . 7960 10944 1 During during IN 7960 10944 2 this this DT 7960 10944 3 time time NN 7960 10944 4 there there RB 7960 10944 5 flourished flourish VBD 7960 10944 6 a a DT 7960 10944 7 civilization civilization NN 7960 10944 8 which which WDT 7960 10944 9 is be VBZ 7960 10944 10 properly properly RB 7960 10944 11 described describe VBN 7960 10944 12 as as IN 7960 10944 13 " " `` 7960 10944 14 medieval medieval JJ 7960 10944 15 , , , 7960 10944 16 " " '' 7960 10944 17 to to TO 7960 10944 18 distinguish distinguish VB 7960 10944 19 it -PRON- PRP 7960 10944 20 from from IN 7960 10944 21 classical classical JJ 7960 10944 22 civilization civilization NN 7960 10944 23 on on IN 7960 10944 24 the the DT 7960 10944 25 one one CD 7960 10944 26 side side NN 7960 10944 27 and and CC 7960 10944 28 modern modern JJ 7960 10944 29 civilization civilization NN 7960 10944 30 on on IN 7960 10944 31 the the DT 7960 10944 32 other other JJ 7960 10944 33 side side NN 7960 10944 34 . . . 7960 10945 1 The the DT 7960 10945 2 various various JJ 7960 10945 3 European european JJ 7960 10945 4 languages language NNS 7960 10945 5 then then RB 7960 10945 6 began begin VBD 7960 10945 7 to to TO 7960 10945 8 assume assume VB 7960 10945 9 something something NN 7960 10945 10 like like IN 7960 10945 11 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10945 12 present present JJ 7960 10945 13 form form NN 7960 10945 14 . . . 7960 10946 1 A a DT 7960 10946 2 large large JJ 7960 10946 3 body body NN 7960 10946 4 of of IN 7960 10946 5 literature literature NN 7960 10946 6 , , , 7960 10946 7 in in IN 7960 10946 8 both both CC 7960 10946 9 poetry poetry NN 7960 10946 10 and and CC 7960 10946 11 prose prose NN 7960 10946 12 , , , 7960 10946 13 appeared appear VBD 7960 10946 14 . . . 7960 10947 1 Architecture architecture NN 7960 10947 2 revived revive VBD 7960 10947 3 , , , 7960 10947 4 and 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7960 10950 4 INTERNATIONAL INTERNATIONAL NNP 7960 10950 5 LANGUAGE language NN 7960 10950 6 Throughout throughout IN 7960 10950 7 the the DT 7960 10950 8 Middle Middle NNP 7960 10950 9 Ages Ages NNP 7960 10950 10 Latin Latin NNP 7960 10950 11 continued continue VBD 7960 10950 12 to to TO 7960 10950 13 be be VB 7960 10950 14 an an DT 7960 10950 15 international international JJ 7960 10950 16 language language NN 7960 10950 17 . . . 7960 10951 1 The the DT 7960 10951 2 Roman Roman NNP 7960 10951 3 Church Church NNP 7960 10951 4 used use VBD 7960 10951 5 it -PRON- PRP 7960 10951 6 for for IN 7960 10951 7 papal papal JJ 7960 10951 8 bulls bull NNS 7960 10951 9 and and CC 7960 10951 10 other other JJ 7960 10951 11 documents document NNS 7960 10951 12 . . . 7960 10952 1 Prayers prayer NNS 7960 10952 2 were be VBD 7960 10952 3 recited recite VBN 7960 10952 4 , , , 7960 10952 5 hymns hymn NNS 7960 10952 6 were be VBD 7960 10952 7 sung sung JJ 7960 10952 8 , , , 7960 10952 9 and and CC 7960 10952 10 sometimes sometimes RB 7960 10952 11 sermons sermon NNS 7960 10952 12 were be VBD 7960 10952 13 preached preach VBN 7960 10952 14 in in IN 7960 10952 15 Latin Latin NNP 7960 10952 16 . . . 7960 10953 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 10953 2 was be VBD 7960 10953 3 also also RB 7960 10953 4 the the DT 7960 10953 5 language language NN 7960 10953 6 of of IN 7960 10953 7 men man NNS 7960 10953 8 of of IN 7960 10953 9 culture culture NN 7960 10953 10 everywhere everywhere RB 7960 10953 11 in in IN 7960 10953 12 western western JJ 7960 10953 13 Christendom Christendom NNP 7960 10953 14 . . . 7960 10954 1 University university NN 7960 10954 2 professors professor NNS 7960 10954 3 lectured lecture VBD 7960 10954 4 in in IN 7960 10954 5 Latin Latin NNP 7960 10954 6 , , , 7960 10954 7 students student NNS 7960 10954 8 spoke speak VBD 7960 10954 9 Latin Latin NNP 7960 10954 10 , , , 7960 10954 11 lawyers lawyer NNS 7960 10954 12 addressed address VBD 7960 10954 13 judges judge NNS 7960 10954 14 in 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who who WP 7960 10971 7 poured pour VBD 7960 10971 8 from from IN 7960 10971 9 the the DT 7960 10971 10 wilds wild NNS 7960 10971 11 of of IN 7960 10971 12 central central JJ 7960 10971 13 Europe Europe NNP 7960 10971 14 into into IN 7960 10971 15 the the DT 7960 10971 16 Roman roman JJ 7960 10971 17 world world NN 7960 10971 18 brought bring VBD 7960 10971 19 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10971 20 languages language NNS 7960 10971 21 with with IN 7960 10971 22 them -PRON- PRP 7960 10971 23 . . . 7960 10972 1 But but CC 7960 10972 2 the the DT 7960 10972 3 speech speech NN 7960 10972 4 of of IN 7960 10972 5 the the DT 7960 10972 6 Goths Goths NNPS 7960 10972 7 , , , 7960 10972 8 Vandals Vandals NNPS 7960 10972 9 , , , 7960 10972 10 Burgundians Burgundians NNPS 7960 10972 11 , , , 7960 10972 12 and and CC 7960 10972 13 Lombards Lombards NNP 7960 10972 14 disappeared disappear VBD 7960 10972 15 , , , 7960 10972 16 while while IN 7960 10972 17 that that DT 7960 10972 18 of of IN 7960 10972 19 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JJ 7960 10973 15 world world NN 7960 10973 16 continued continue VBD 7960 10973 17 to to TO 7960 10973 18 use use VB 7960 10973 19 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10973 20 native native JJ 7960 10973 21 tongues tongue NNS 7960 10973 22 during during IN 7960 10973 23 the the DT 7960 10973 24 Middle Middle NNP 7960 10973 25 Ages Ages NNPS 7960 10973 26 . . . 7960 10974 1 From from IN 7960 10974 2 them -PRON- PRP 7960 10974 3 have have VBP 7960 10974 4 come come VBN 7960 10974 5 modern modern JJ 7960 10974 6 German german JJ 7960 10974 7 , , , 7960 10974 8 Dutch dutch JJ 7960 10974 9 , , , 7960 10974 10 Flemish flemish JJ 7960 10974 11 , , , 7960 10974 12 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10974 13 3 3 CD 7960 10974 14 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10974 15 and and CC 7960 10974 16 the the DT 7960 10974 17 various various JJ 7960 10974 18 Scandinavian scandinavian JJ 7960 10974 19 languages language NNS 7960 10974 20 ( ( -LRB- 7960 10974 21 Danish danish JJ 7960 10974 22 , , , 7960 10974 23 Norwegian norwegian JJ 7960 10974 24 , , , 7960 10974 25 Swedish swedish JJ 7960 10974 26 , , , 7960 10974 27 and and CC 7960 10974 28 Icelandic Icelandic NNP 7960 10974 29 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10974 30 4 4 CD 7960 10974 31 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10974 32 ) ) -RRB- 7960 10974 33 . . . 7960 10975 1 In in IN 7960 10975 2 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 10975 3 earliest early JJS 7960 10975 4 known know VBN 7960 10975 5 forms form NNS 7960 10975 6 all all PDT 7960 10975 7 these these DT 7960 10975 8 languages language NNS 7960 10975 9 show show VBP 7960 10975 10 unmistakable unmistakable JJ 7960 10975 11 traces trace NNS 7960 10975 12 of of IN 7960 10975 13 a a DT 7960 10975 14 common common JJ 7960 10975 15 origin origin NN 7960 10975 16 . . . 7960 10976 1 ANGLO ANGLO NNP 7960 10976 2 - - HYPH 7960 10976 3 SAXON SAXON NNP 7960 10976 4 Britain Britain NNP 7960 10976 5 was be VBD 7960 10976 6 the the DT 7960 10976 7 only only JJ 7960 10976 8 Roman roman JJ 7960 10976 9 province province NN 7960 10976 10 in in IN 7960 10976 11 the the DT 7960 10976 12 west west NN 7960 10976 13 of of IN 7960 10976 14 Europe Europe NNP 7960 10976 15 where where WRB 7960 10976 16 a a DT 7960 10976 17 Teutonic teutonic JJ 7960 10976 18 language language NN 7960 10976 19 took take VBD 7960 10976 20 root root NN 7960 10976 21 and and CC 7960 10976 22 maintained maintain VBD 7960 10976 23 itself -PRON- PRP 7960 10976 24 . . . 7960 10977 1 Here here RB 7960 10977 2 the the DT 7960 10977 3 rough rough JJ 7960 10977 4 , , , 7960 10977 5 guttural guttural JJ 7960 10977 6 speech speech NN 7960 10977 7 of of IN 7960 10977 8 the the DT 7960 10977 9 Anglo Anglo NNP 7960 10977 10 - - HYPH 7960 10977 11 Saxons Saxons NNPS 7960 10977 12 so so RB 7960 10977 13 completely completely RB 7960 10977 14 drove drive VBD 7960 10977 15 out out RP 7960 10977 16 the the DT 7960 10977 17 popular popular JJ 7960 10977 18 Latin Latin NNP 7960 10977 19 that that IN 7960 10977 20 only only RB 7960 10977 21 six six CD 7960 10977 22 words word NNS 7960 10977 23 were be VBD 7960 10977 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22 were be VBD 7960 10978 23 names name NNS 7960 10978 24 of of IN 7960 10978 25 household household NN 7960 10978 26 objects object NNS 7960 10978 27 , , , 7960 10978 28 and and CC 7960 10978 29 the the DT 7960 10978 30 names name NNS 7960 10978 31 of of IN 7960 10978 32 rivers river NNS 7960 10978 33 , , , 7960 10978 34 mountains mountain NNS 7960 10978 35 , , , 7960 10978 36 and and CC 7960 10978 37 lakes lake NNS 7960 10978 38 , , , 7960 10978 39 which which WDT 7960 10978 40 were be VBD 7960 10978 41 not not RB 7960 10978 42 easily easily RB 7960 10978 43 changed change VBN 7960 10978 44 by by IN 7960 10978 45 the the DT 7960 10978 46 invaders invader NNS 7960 10978 47 . . . 7960 10979 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 10979 2 5 5 CD 7960 10979 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 10979 4 But but CC 7960 10979 5 with with IN 7960 10979 6 such such JJ 7960 10979 7 slight slight JJ 7960 10979 8 exceptions exception NNS 7960 10979 9 Anglo Anglo NNP 7960 10979 10 - - HYPH 7960 10979 11 Saxon Saxon NNP 7960 10979 12 was be VBD 7960 10979 13 thoroughly thoroughly RB 7960 10979 14 Teutonic Teutonic NNP 7960 10979 15 in in IN 7960 10979 16 vocabulary vocabulary NN 7960 10979 17 , , , 7960 10979 18 as as RB 7960 10979 19 well well RB 7960 10979 20 as as IN 7960 10979 21 in in IN 7960 10979 22 grammar grammar NN 7960 10979 23 . . . 7960 10980 1 CHANGES change VBD 7960 10980 2 IN in IN 7960 10980 3 ANGLO ANGLO NNP 7960 10980 4 - - HYPH 7960 10980 5 SAXON SAXON VBN 7960 10980 6 In in IN 7960 10980 7 course course NN 7960 10980 8 of of IN 7960 10980 9 time time NN 7960 10980 10 Anglo Anglo NNP 7960 10980 11 - - HYPH 7960 10980 12 Saxon Saxon NNP 7960 10980 13 underwent undergo VBD 7960 10980 14 various various JJ 7960 10980 15 changes change NNS 7960 10980 16 . . . 7960 10981 1 Christian christian JJ 7960 10981 2 missionaries missionary NNS 7960 10981 3 , , , 7960 10981 4 from from IN 7960 10981 5 the the DT 7960 10981 6 seventh seventh JJ 7960 10981 7 century century NN 7960 10981 8 onward onward RB 7960 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up RP 7960 11013 7 the the DT 7960 11013 8 use use NN 7960 11013 9 of of IN 7960 11013 10 rhyme rhyme NNS 7960 11013 11 , , , 7960 11013 12 using use VBG 7960 11013 13 it -PRON- PRP 7960 11013 14 so so RB 7960 11013 15 skillfully skillfully RB 7960 11013 16 as as IN 7960 11013 17 to to TO 7960 11013 18 become become VB 7960 11013 19 the the DT 7960 11013 20 teachers teacher NNS 7960 11013 21 of of IN 7960 11013 22 Europe Europe NNP 7960 11013 23 in in IN 7960 11013 24 lyric lyric NN 7960 11013 25 poetry poetry NN 7960 11013 26 . . . 7960 11014 1 THE the DT 7960 11014 2 FRENCH FRENCH NNP 7960 11014 3 EPIC EPIC NNP 7960 11014 4 If if IN 7960 11014 5 southern southern JJ 7960 11014 6 France France NNP 7960 11014 7 was be VBD 7960 11014 8 the the DT 7960 11014 9 native native JJ 7960 11014 10 home home NN 7960 11014 11 of of IN 7960 11014 12 the the DT 7960 11014 13 lyric lyric NN 7960 11014 14 , , , 7960 11014 15 northern northern JJ 7960 11014 16 France France NNP 7960 11014 17 gave give VBD 7960 11014 18 birth birth NN 7960 11014 19 to to IN 7960 11014 20 epic epic JJ 7960 11014 21 or or CC 7960 11014 22 narrative narrative JJ 7960 11014 23 verse verse NN 7960 11014 24 . . . 7960 11015 1 Here here RB 7960 11015 2 arose arise VBD 7960 11015 3 many many JJ 7960 11015 4 poems poem NNS 7960 11015 5 , , , 7960 11015 6 describing describe VBG 7960 11015 7 the the DT 7960 11015 8 exploits exploit NNS 7960 11015 9 of of IN 7960 11015 10 mythical mythical JJ 7960 11015 11 heroes hero NNS 7960 11015 12 or or CC 7960 11015 13 historic historic JJ 7960 11015 14 kings king NNS 7960 11015 15 . . . 7960 11016 1 For for IN 7960 11016 2 a a DT 7960 11016 3 long long JJ 7960 11016 4 time time NN 7960 11016 5 the the DT 7960 11016 6 poems poem NNS 7960 11016 7 remained remain VBD 7960 11016 8 unwritten unwritten JJ 7960 11016 9 and and CC 7960 11016 10 were be VBD 7960 11016 11 recited recite VBN 7960 11016 12 by by IN 7960 11016 13 minstrels minstrel NNS 7960 11016 14 , , , 7960 11016 15 who who WP 7960 11016 16 did do VBD 7960 11016 17 not not RB 7960 11016 18 hesitate hesitate VB 7960 11016 19 to to TO 7960 11016 20 modify modify VB 7960 11016 21 and and CC 7960 11016 22 enlarge enlarge VB 7960 11016 23 them -PRON- PRP 7960 11016 24 at at IN 7960 11016 25 will will NN 7960 11016 26 . . . 7960 11017 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 11017 2 was be VBD 7960 11017 3 not not RB 7960 11017 4 until until IN 7960 11017 5 late late JJ 7960 11017 6 in in IN 7960 11017 7 the the DT 7960 11017 8 eleventh eleventh JJ 7960 11017 9 century century NN 7960 11017 10 that that WDT 7960 11017 11 any any DT 7960 11017 12 epics epic NNS 7960 11017 13 were be VBD 7960 11017 14 written write VBN 7960 11017 15 down down RP 7960 11017 16 . . . 7960 11018 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 11018 2 enjoyed enjoy VBD 7960 11018 3 high high JJ 7960 11018 4 esteem esteem NN 7960 11018 5 in in IN 7960 11018 6 aristocratic aristocratic JJ 7960 11018 7 circles circle NNS 7960 11018 8 and and CC 7960 11018 9 penetrated penetrate VBD 7960 11018 10 all all DT 7960 11018 11 countries country NNS 7960 11018 12 where where WRB 7960 11018 13 feudalism feudalism NN 7960 11018 14 prevailed prevail VBD 7960 11018 15 . . . 7960 11019 1 THE the DT 7960 11019 2 CHARLEMAGNE CHARLEMAGNE NNP 7960 11019 3 LEGEND legend VBP 7960 11019 4 Many many JJ 7960 11019 5 of of IN 7960 11019 6 the the DT 7960 11019 7 French french JJ 7960 11019 8 epics epic NNS 7960 11019 9 centered center VBD 7960 11019 10 about about IN 7960 11019 11 the the DT 7960 11019 12 commanding commanding JJ 7960 11019 13 personality personality NN 7960 11019 14 of of IN 7960 11019 15 Charlemagne Charlemagne NNP 7960 11019 16 . . . 7960 11020 1 After after IN 7960 11020 2 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 11020 3 death death NN 7960 11020 4 he -PRON- PRP 7960 11020 5 became become VBD 7960 11020 6 a a DT 7960 11020 7 figure figure NN 7960 11020 8 of of IN 7960 11020 9 legend legend NN 7960 11020 10 . . . 7960 11021 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 11021 2 was be VBD 7960 11021 3 said say VBN 7960 11021 4 to to TO 7960 11021 5 have have VB 7960 11021 6 reigned reign VBN 7960 11021 7 one one CD 7960 11021 8 hundred hundred CD 7960 11021 9 and and CC 7960 11021 10 twenty twenty CD 7960 11021 11 - - HYPH 7960 11021 12 five five CD 7960 11021 13 years year NNS 7960 11021 14 , , , 7960 11021 15 to to TO 7960 11021 16 have have VB 7960 11021 17 made make VBN 7960 11021 18 a a DT 7960 11021 19 pilgrimage pilgrimage NN 7960 11021 20 to to IN 7960 11021 21 Jerusalem Jerusalem NNP 7960 11021 22 , , , 7960 11021 23 and and CC 7960 11021 24 to to TO 7960 11021 25 have have VB 7960 11021 26 risen rise VBN 7960 11021 27 from from IN 7960 11021 28 the the DT 7960 11021 29 dead dead NN 7960 11021 30 to to TO 7960 11021 31 lead lead VB 7960 11021 32 the the DT 7960 11021 33 First First NNP 7960 11021 34 Crusade Crusade NNP 7960 11021 35 . . . 7960 11022 1 Angels angel NNS 7960 11022 2 inspired inspire VBD 7960 11022 3 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 11022 4 actions action NNS 7960 11022 5 . . . 7960 11023 1 His -PRON- PRP$ 7960 11023 2 sword sword NN 7960 11023 3 contained contain VBD 7960 11023 4 the the DT 7960 11023 5 point point NN 7960 11023 6 of of IN 7960 11023 7 the the DT 7960 11023 8 lance lance NN 7960 11023 9 which which WDT 7960 11023 10 pierced pierce VBD 7960 11023 11 the the DT 7960 11023 12 Savior Savior NNP 7960 11023 13 's 's POS 7960 11023 14 side side NN 7960 11023 15 . . . 7960 11024 1 His -PRON- PRP$ 7960 11024 2 standard standard NN 7960 11024 3 was be VBD 7960 11024 4 the the DT 7960 11024 5 banner banner NN 7960 11024 6 of of IN 7960 11024 7 St. St. NNP 7960 11024 8 Peter Peter NNP 7960 11024 9 . . . 7960 11025 1 Though though IN 7960 11025 2 history history NN 7960 11025 3 shows show VBZ 7960 11025 4 that that IN 7960 11025 5 Charlemagne Charlemagne NNP 7960 11025 6 had have VBD 7960 11025 7 little little JJ 7960 11025 8 contact contact NN 7960 11025 9 with with IN 7960 11025 10 the the DT 7960 11025 11 Moslems Moslems NNPS 7960 11025 12 , , , 7960 11025 13 in in IN 7960 11025 14 the the DT 7960 11025 15 popular popular JJ 7960 11025 16 mind mind NN 7960 11025 17 he -PRON- PRP 7960 11025 18 stood stand VBD 7960 11025 19 forth forth RB 7960 11025 20 as as IN 7960 11025 21 the the DT 7960 11025 22 great great JJ 7960 11025 23 champion champion NN 7960 11025 24 of of IN 7960 11025 25 Christianity Christianity NNP 7960 11025 26 against against IN 7960 11025 27 Islam Islam NNP 7960 11025 28 . . . 7960 11026 1 SONG SONG NNP 7960 11026 2 OF of IN 7960 11026 3 ROLAND ROLAND NNP 7960 11026 4 The the DT 7960 11026 5 oldest old JJS 7960 11026 6 , , , 7960 11026 7 and and CC 7960 11026 8 at at IN 7960 11026 9 the the DT 7960 11026 10 same same JJ 7960 11026 11 time time NN 7960 11026 12 the the DT 7960 11026 13 finest fine JJS 7960 11026 14 , , , 7960 11026 15 epic epic JJ 7960 11026 16 connected connect VBN 7960 11026 17 with with IN 7960 11026 18 Charlemagne Charlemagne NNP 7960 11026 19 is be VBZ 7960 11026 20 the the DT 7960 11026 21 Song Song NNP 7960 11026 22 of of IN 7960 11026 23 Roland Roland NNP 7960 11026 24 . . . 7960 11027 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 11027 2 7 7 LS 7960 11027 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 11027 4 The the DT 7960 11027 5 poem poem NN 7960 11027 6 centers center VBZ 7960 11027 7 around around IN 7960 11027 8 Roland Roland NNP 7960 11027 9 , , , 7960 11027 10 one one CD 7960 11027 11 of of IN 7960 11027 12 the the DT 7960 11027 13 twelve twelve CD 7960 11027 14 peers peer NNS 7960 11027 15 of of IN 7960 11027 16 France France NNP 7960 11027 17 . . . 7960 11028 1 When when WRB 7960 11028 2 leading lead VBG 7960 11028 3 the the DT 7960 11028 4 rearguard rearguard NN 7960 11028 5 of of IN 7960 11028 6 Charlemagne Charlemagne NNP 7960 11028 7 's 's POS 7960 11028 8 army army NN 7960 11028 9 out out IN 7960 11028 10 of of IN 7960 11028 11 Spain Spain NNP 7960 11028 12 , , , 7960 11028 13 Roland Roland NNP 7960 11028 14 is be VBZ 7960 11028 15 suddenly suddenly RB 7960 11028 16 attacked attack VBN 7960 11028 17 by by IN 7960 11028 18 the the DT 7960 11028 19 treacherous treacherous JJ 7960 11028 20 Moors moor NNS 7960 11028 21 . . . 7960 11029 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 11029 2 slays slay VBZ 7960 11029 3 the the DT 7960 11029 4 enemy enemy NN 7960 11029 5 in in IN 7960 11029 6 heaps heap NNS 7960 11029 7 with with IN 7960 11029 8 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 11029 9 good good JJ 7960 11029 10 sword sword NN 7960 11029 11 , , , 7960 11029 12 Durendal Durendal NNP 7960 11029 13 , , , 7960 11029 14 and and CC 7960 11029 15 only only RB 7960 11029 16 after after IN 7960 11029 17 nearly nearly RB 7960 11029 18 all all PDT 7960 11029 19 the the DT 7960 11029 20 Franks Franks NNPS 7960 11029 21 have have VBP 7960 11029 22 perished perish VBN 7960 11029 23 sounds sound VBZ 7960 11029 24 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 11029 25 magic magic JJ 7960 11029 26 horn horn NN 7960 11029 27 to to IN 7960 11029 28 summon summon NNP 7960 11029 29 aid aid NN 7960 11029 30 . . . 7960 11030 1 Charlemagne Charlemagne NNP 7960 11030 2 , , , 7960 11030 3 fifteen fifteen CD 7960 11030 4 leagues league NNS 7960 11030 5 distant distant JJ 7960 11030 6 , , , 7960 11030 7 hears hear VBZ 7960 11030 8 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 11030 9 notes note NNS 7960 11030 10 and and CC 7960 11030 11 returns return NNS 7960 11030 12 quickly quickly RB 7960 11030 13 . . . 7960 11031 1 But but CC 7960 11031 2 before before IN 7960 11031 3 help help NN 7960 11031 4 arrives arrive VBZ 7960 11031 5 , , , 7960 11031 6 Roland Roland NNP 7960 11031 7 has have VBZ 7960 11031 8 fallen fall VBN 7960 11031 9 . . . 7960 11032 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 11032 2 dies die VBZ 7960 11032 3 on on IN 7960 11032 4 the the DT 7960 11032 5 field field NN 7960 11032 6 of of IN 7960 11032 7 battle battle NN 7960 11032 8 , , , 7960 11032 9 with with IN 7960 11032 10 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 11032 11 face face NN 7960 11032 12 to to IN 7960 11032 13 the the DT 7960 11032 14 foe foe NN 7960 11032 15 , , , 7960 11032 16 and and CC 7960 11032 17 a a DT 7960 11032 18 prayer prayer NN 7960 11032 19 on on IN 7960 11032 20 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 11032 21 lips lip NNS 7960 11032 22 that that IN 7960 11032 23 " " `` 7960 11032 24 sweet sweet JJ 7960 11032 25 France France NNP 7960 11032 26 " " '' 7960 11032 27 may may MD 7960 11032 28 never never RB 7960 11032 29 be be VB 7960 11032 30 dishonored dishonor VBN 7960 11032 31 . . . 7960 11033 1 This this DT 7960 11033 2 stirring stirring JJ 7960 11033 3 poem poem NN 7960 11033 4 appealed appeal VBD 7960 11033 5 strongly strongly RB 7960 11033 6 to to IN 7960 11033 7 the the DT 7960 11033 8 martial martial JJ 7960 11033 9 Normans Normans NNPS 7960 11033 10 . . . 7960 11034 1 A a DT 7960 11034 2 medieval medieval JJ 7960 11034 3 chronicler chronicler NN 7960 11034 4 relates relate VBZ 7960 11034 5 that that IN 7960 11034 6 just just RB 7960 11034 7 before before IN 7960 11034 8 the the DT 7960 11034 9 battle battle NN 7960 11034 10 of of IN 7960 11034 11 Hastings Hastings NNP 7960 11034 12 a a DT 7960 11034 13 Norman Norman NNP 7960 11034 14 minstrel minstrel NN 7960 11034 15 rode ride VBD 7960 11034 16 out out RP 7960 11034 17 between between IN 7960 11034 18 the the DT 7960 11034 19 lines line NNS 7960 11034 20 , , , 7960 11034 21 tossing toss VBG 7960 11034 22 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 11034 23 sword sword NN 7960 11034 24 in in IN 7960 11034 25 air air NN 7960 11034 26 and and CC 7960 11034 27 catching catch VBG 7960 11034 28 it -PRON- PRP 7960 11034 29 again again RB 7960 11034 30 , , , 7960 11034 31 as as IN 7960 11034 32 he -PRON- PRP 7960 11034 33 chanted chant VBD 7960 11034 34 the the DT 7960 11034 35 song song NN 7960 11034 36 " " '' 7960 11034 37 of of IN 7960 11034 38 Roland Roland NNP 7960 11034 39 and and CC 7960 11034 40 of of IN 7960 11034 41 Charlemagne Charlemagne NNP 7960 11034 42 , , , 7960 11034 43 of of IN 7960 11034 44 Oliver Oliver NNP 7960 11034 45 and and CC 7960 11034 46 many many PDT 7960 11034 47 a a DT 7960 11034 48 brave brave JJ 7960 11034 49 vassal vassal NN 7960 11034 50 who who WP 7960 11034 51 lost lose VBD 7960 11034 52 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 11034 53 life life NN 7960 11034 54 at at IN 7960 11034 55 Roncesvalles Roncesvalles NNP 7960 11034 56 . . . 7960 11034 57 " " '' 7960 11035 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 11035 2 Illustration illustration NN 7960 11035 3 : : : 7960 11035 4 ROLAND ROLAND NNP 7960 11035 5 AT at IN 7960 11035 6 RONCESVALLES roncesvalle NNS 7960 11035 7 From from IN 7960 11035 8 a a DT 7960 11035 9 thirteenth thirteenth JJ 7960 11035 10 - - HYPH 7960 11035 11 century century NN 7960 11035 12 window window NN 7960 11035 13 of of IN 7960 11035 14 stained stain VBN 7960 11035 15 glass glass NN 7960 11035 16 in in IN 7960 11035 17 Chartres Chartres NNP 7960 11035 18 Cathedral Cathedral NNP 7960 11035 19 . . . 7960 11036 1 At at IN 7960 11036 2 the the DT 7960 11036 3 right right NN 7960 11036 4 , , , 7960 11036 5 Roland Roland NNP 7960 11036 6 sounding sound VBG 7960 11036 7 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 11036 8 horn horn NN 7960 11036 9 ; ; : 7960 11036 10 at at IN 7960 11036 11 the the DT 7960 11036 12 left left JJ 7960 11036 13 Roland Roland NNP 7960 11036 14 endeavoring endeavor VBG 7960 11036 15 to to TO 7960 11036 16 break break VB 7960 11036 17 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 11036 18 sword sword NN 7960 11036 19 Durendal Durendal NNP 7960 11036 20 . . . 7960 11036 21 ] ] -RRB- 7960 11037 1 THE the DT 7960 11037 2 ARTHURIAN ARTHURIAN NNP 7960 11037 3 ROMANCES ROMANCES NNP 7960 11037 4 King King NNP 7960 11037 5 Arthur Arthur NNP 7960 11037 6 and and CC 7960 11037 7 the the DT 7960 11037 8 Knights Knights NNPS 7960 11037 9 of of IN 7960 11037 10 the the DT 7960 11037 11 Round Round NNP 7960 11037 12 Table Table NNP 7960 11037 13 were be VBD 7960 11037 14 also also RB 7960 11037 15 important important JJ 7960 11037 16 figures figure NNS 7960 11037 17 in in IN 7960 11037 18 medieval medieval JJ 7960 11037 19 legend legend NN 7960 11037 20 . . . 7960 11038 1 Arthur Arthur NNP 7960 11038 2 was be VBD 7960 11038 3 said say VBN 7960 11038 4 to to TO 7960 11038 5 have have VB 7960 11038 6 reigned reign VBN 7960 11038 7 in in IN 7960 11038 8 Britain Britain NNP 7960 11038 9 early early RB 7960 11038 10 in in IN 7960 11038 11 the the DT 7960 11038 12 sixth sixth JJ 7960 11038 13 century century NN 7960 11038 14 and and CC 7960 11038 15 to to TO 7960 11038 16 have have VB 7960 11038 17 fought fight VBN 7960 11038 18 against against IN 7960 11038 19 the the DT 7960 11038 20 Anglo Anglo NNP 7960 11038 21 - - HYPH 7960 11038 22 Saxons Saxons NNPS 7960 11038 23 . . . 7960 11039 1 Whether whether IN 7960 11039 2 he -PRON- PRP 7960 11039 3 ever ever RB 7960 11039 4 lived live VBD 7960 11039 5 or or CC 7960 11039 6 not not RB 7960 11039 7 we -PRON- PRP 7960 11039 8 do do VBP 7960 11039 9 not not RB 7960 11039 10 know know VB 7960 11039 11 . . . 7960 11040 1 In in IN 7960 11040 2 the the DT 7960 11040 3 Arthurian arthurian JJ 7960 11040 4 romances romance NNS 7960 11040 5 this this DT 7960 11040 6 Celtic celtic JJ 7960 11040 7 king king NN 7960 11040 8 stands stand VBZ 7960 11040 9 forth forth RB 7960 11040 10 as as IN 7960 11040 11 the the DT 7960 11040 12 model model NN 7960 11040 13 knight knight NN 7960 11040 14 , , , 7960 11040 15 the the DT 7960 11040 16 ideal ideal NN 7960 11040 17 of of IN 7960 11040 18 noble noble JJ 7960 11040 19 chivalry chivalry NN 7960 11040 20 . . . 7960 11041 1 The the DT 7960 11041 2 Norman Norman NNP 7960 11041 3 conquerors conqueror NNS 7960 11041 4 of of IN 7960 11041 5 England England NNP 7960 11041 6 carried carry VBD 7960 11041 7 the the DT 7960 11041 8 romances romance NNS 7960 11041 9 to to IN 7960 11041 10 France France NNP 7960 11041 11 , , , 7960 11041 12 and and CC 7960 11041 13 here here RB 7960 11041 14 , , , 7960 11041 15 where where WRB 7960 11041 16 feudalism feudalism NN 7960 11041 17 was be VBD 7960 11041 18 so so RB 7960 11041 19 deeply deeply RB 7960 11041 20 rooted root VBN 7960 11041 21 , , , 7960 11041 22 they -PRON- PRP 7960 11041 23 found find VBD 7960 11041 24 a a DT 7960 11041 25 hearty hearty JJ 7960 11041 26 welcome welcome NN 7960 11041 27 . . . 7960 11042 1 Sir Sir NNP 7960 11042 2 Thomas Thomas NNP 7960 11042 3 Malory Malory NNP 7960 11042 4 's 's POS 7960 11042 5 _ _ NNP 7960 11042 6 Morte Morte NNP 7960 11042 7 d d NNP 7960 11042 8 ' ' '' 7960 11042 9 Arthur Arthur NNP 7960 11042 10 _ _ NNP 7960 11042 11 , , , 7960 11042 12 one one CD 7960 11042 13 of of IN 7960 11042 14 the the DT 7960 11042 15 first first JJ 7960 11042 16 books book NNS 7960 11042 17 to to TO 7960 11042 18 be be VB 7960 11042 19 printed print VBN 7960 11042 20 in in IN 7960 11042 21 England England NNP 7960 11042 22 , , , 7960 11042 23 contains contain VBZ 7960 11042 24 many many JJ 7960 11042 25 of of IN 7960 11042 26 the the DT 7960 11042 27 narratives narrative NNS 7960 11042 28 from from IN 7960 11042 29 which which WDT 7960 11042 30 Tennyson Tennyson NNP 7960 11042 31 , , , 7960 11042 32 in in IN 7960 11042 33 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 11042 34 _ _ NNP 7960 11042 35 Idylls Idylls NNPS 7960 11042 36 of of IN 7960 11042 37 the the DT 7960 11042 38 King King NNP 7960 11042 39 _ _ NNP 7960 11042 40 , , , 7960 11042 41 and and CC 7960 11042 42 other other JJ 7960 11042 43 modern modern JJ 7960 11042 44 poets poet NNS 7960 11042 45 have have VBP 7960 11042 46 drawn draw VBN 7960 11042 47 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 11042 48 inspiration inspiration NN 7960 11042 49 . . . 7960 11043 1 THE the DT 7960 11043 2 NIBELINGENLIED NIBELINGENLIED NNP 7960 11043 3 The the DT 7960 11043 4 greatest great JJS 7960 11043 5 epic epic NN 7960 11043 6 composed compose VBN 7960 11043 7 in in IN 7960 11043 8 Germany Germany NNP 7960 11043 9 during during IN 7960 11043 10 the the DT 7960 11043 11 Middle Middle NNP 7960 11043 12 Ages Ages NNPS 7960 11043 13 is be VBZ 7960 11043 14 the the DT 7960 11043 15 _ _ NNP 7960 11043 16 Nibelungenlied Nibelungenlied NNP 7960 11043 17 _ _ NNP 7960 11043 18 . . . 7960 11044 1 The the DT 7960 11044 2 poem poem NN 7960 11044 3 begins begin VBZ 7960 11044 4 in in IN 7960 11044 5 Burgundy Burgundy NNP 7960 11044 6 , , , 7960 11044 7 where where WRB 7960 11044 8 three three CD 7960 11044 9 kings king NNS 7960 11044 10 hold hold VBP 7960 11044 11 court court NN 7960 11044 12 at at IN 7960 11044 13 Worms Worms NNP 7960 11044 14 , , , 7960 11044 15 on on IN 7960 11044 16 the the DT 7960 11044 17 Rhine Rhine NNP 7960 11044 18 . . . 7960 11045 1 Thither Thither NNP 7960 11045 2 comes come VBZ 7960 11045 3 the the DT 7960 11045 4 hero hero NN 7960 11045 5 , , , 7960 11045 6 Siegfried Siegfried NNP 7960 11045 7 , , , 7960 11045 8 ruler ruler NN 7960 11045 9 of of IN 7960 11045 10 the the DT 7960 11045 11 Netherlands Netherlands NNP 7960 11045 12 . . . 7960 11046 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 11046 2 had have VBD 7960 11046 3 slain slay VBN 7960 11046 4 the the DT 7960 11046 5 mysterious mysterious JJ 7960 11046 6 Nibelungs nibelung NNS 7960 11046 7 and and CC 7960 11046 8 seized seize VBD 7960 11046 9 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 11046 10 treasure treasure NN 7960 11046 11 , , , 7960 11046 12 together together RB 7960 11046 13 with with IN 7960 11046 14 the the DT 7960 11046 15 magic magic JJ 7960 11046 16 cloud cloud NN 7960 11046 17 - - HYPH 7960 11046 18 cloak cloak NNP 7960 11046 19 which which WDT 7960 11046 20 rendered render VBD 7960 11046 21 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 11046 22 wearer wearer NN 7960 11046 23 invisible invisible JJ 7960 11046 24 to to IN 7960 11046 25 human human JJ 7960 11046 26 eyes eye NNS 7960 11046 27 . . . 7960 11047 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 11047 2 had have VBD 7960 11047 3 also also RB 7960 11047 4 killed kill VBN 7960 11047 5 a a DT 7960 11047 6 dragon dragon NN 7960 11047 7 and and CC 7960 11047 8 by by IN 7960 11047 9 bathing bathe VBG 7960 11047 10 in in IN 7960 11047 11 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 11047 12 blood blood NN 7960 11047 13 had have VBD 7960 11047 14 become become VBN 7960 11047 15 invulnerable invulnerable JJ 7960 11047 16 , , , 7960 11047 17 except except IN 7960 11047 18 in in IN 7960 11047 19 one one CD 7960 11047 20 place place NN 7960 11047 21 where where WRB 7960 11047 22 a a DT 7960 11047 23 linden linden JJ 7960 11047 24 leaf leaf NN 7960 11047 25 touched touch VBD 7960 11047 26 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 11047 27 body body NN 7960 11047 28 . . . 7960 11048 1 Siegfried siegfried JJ 7960 11048 2 marries marrie NNS 7960 11048 3 Kriemhild Kriemhild NNP 7960 11048 4 , , , 7960 11048 5 a a DT 7960 11048 6 beautiful beautiful JJ 7960 11048 7 Burgundian burgundian JJ 7960 11048 8 princess princess NN 7960 11048 9 , , , 7960 11048 10 and and CC 7960 11048 11 with with IN 7960 11048 12 her -PRON- PRP$ 7960 11048 13 lives life NNS 7960 11048 14 most most RBS 7960 11048 15 happily happily RB 7960 11048 16 . . . 7960 11049 1 But but CC 7960 11049 2 a a DT 7960 11049 3 curse curse NN 7960 11049 4 attached attach VBN 7960 11049 5 to to IN 7960 11049 6 the the DT 7960 11049 7 Nibelung Nibelung NNP 7960 11049 8 treasure treasure NN 7960 11049 9 , , , 7960 11049 10 and and CC 7960 11049 11 Siegfried Siegfried NNP 7960 11049 12 's 's POS 7960 11049 13 enemy enemy NN 7960 11049 14 , , , 7960 11049 15 the the DT 7960 11049 16 " " `` 7960 11049 17 grim grim JJ 7960 11049 18 Hagen Hagen NNP 7960 11049 19 , , , 7960 11049 20 " " `` 7960 11049 21 treacherously treacherously RB 7960 11049 22 slays slay VBZ 7960 11049 23 him -PRON- PRP 7960 11049 24 by by IN 7960 11049 25 a a DT 7960 11049 26 spear spear NN 7960 11049 27 thrust thrust VBN 7960 11049 28 in in IN 7960 11049 29 the the DT 7960 11049 30 one one CD 7960 11049 31 spot spot NN 7960 11049 32 where where WRB 7960 11049 33 he -PRON- PRP 7960 11049 34 could could MD 7960 11049 35 be be VB 7960 11049 36 hurt hurt VBN 7960 11049 37 . . . 7960 11050 1 Many many JJ 7960 11050 2 years year NNS 7960 11050 3 afterwards afterwards RB 7960 11050 4 Kriemhild Kriemhild NNP 7960 11050 5 marries marry VBZ 7960 11050 6 Attila Attila NNP 7960 11050 7 , , , 7960 11050 8 king king NN 7960 11050 9 of of IN 7960 11050 10 the the DT 7960 11050 11 Huns Huns NNP 7960 11050 12 , , , 7960 11050 13 on on IN 7960 11050 14 condition condition NN 7960 11050 15 that that IN 7960 11050 16 he -PRON- PRP 7960 11050 17 help help VB 7960 11050 18 her -PRON- PRP 7960 11050 19 to to IN 7960 11050 20 vengeance vengeance NN 7960 11050 21 . . . 7960 11051 1 Hagen Hagen NNP 7960 11051 2 and and CC 7960 11051 3 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 11051 4 Burgundians Burgundians NNPS 7960 11051 5 are be VBP 7960 11051 6 invited invite VBN 7960 11051 7 to to IN 7960 11051 8 Hunland Hunland NNP 7960 11051 9 , , , 7960 11051 10 where where WRB 7960 11051 11 Kriemhild Kriemhild NNP 7960 11051 12 causes cause VBZ 7960 11051 13 them -PRON- PRP 7960 11051 14 all all DT 7960 11051 15 to to TO 7960 11051 16 be be VB 7960 11051 17 put put VBN 7960 11051 18 to to IN 7960 11051 19 death death NN 7960 11051 20 . . . 7960 11052 1 The the DT 7960 11052 2 name name NN 7960 11052 3 of of IN 7960 11052 4 the the DT 7960 11052 5 poet poet NN 7960 11052 6 who who WP 7960 11052 7 compiled compile VBD 7960 11052 8 and and CC 7960 11052 9 probably probably RB 7960 11052 10 wrote write VBD 7960 11052 11 much much JJ 7960 11052 12 of of IN 7960 11052 13 the the DT 7960 11052 14 _ _ NNP 7960 11052 15 Nibelungenlied Nibelungenlied NNP 7960 11052 16 _ _ NNP 7960 11052 17 remains remain VBZ 7960 11052 18 unknown unknown JJ 7960 11052 19 , , , 7960 11052 20 but but CC 7960 11052 21 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 11052 22 work work NN 7960 11052 23 has have VBZ 7960 11052 24 a a DT 7960 11052 25 place place NN 7960 11052 26 among among IN 7960 11052 27 the the DT 7960 11052 28 classics classic NNS 7960 11052 29 of of IN 7960 11052 30 German german JJ 7960 11052 31 literature literature NN 7960 11052 32 . . . 7960 11053 1 REYNARD reynard VB 7960 11053 2 THE the DT 7960 11053 3 FOX fox NN 7960 11053 4 No no DT 7960 11053 5 account account NN 7960 11053 6 of of IN 7960 11053 7 medieval medieval JJ 7960 11053 8 literature literature NN 7960 11053 9 ought ought MD 7960 11053 10 to to TO 7960 11053 11 omit omit VB 7960 11053 12 a a DT 7960 11053 13 reference reference NN 7960 11053 14 to to IN 7960 11053 15 _ _ NNP 7960 11053 16 Reynard Reynard NNP 7960 11053 17 the the DT 7960 11053 18 Fox Fox NNP 7960 11053 19 _ _ NNP 7960 11053 20 . . . 7960 11054 1 This this DT 7960 11054 2 is be VBZ 7960 11054 3 a a DT 7960 11054 4 long long JJ 7960 11054 5 poem poem NN 7960 11054 6 , , , 7960 11054 7 first first RB 7960 11054 8 written write VBN 7960 11054 9 in in IN 7960 11054 10 Latin Latin NNP 7960 11054 11 , , , 7960 11054 12 and and CC 7960 11054 13 then then RB 7960 11054 14 turned turn VBD 7960 11054 15 into into IN 7960 11054 16 the the DT 7960 11054 17 chief chief JJ 7960 11054 18 languages language NNS 7960 11054 19 of of IN 7960 11054 20 Europe Europe NNP 7960 11054 21 . . . 7960 11055 1 The the DT 7960 11055 2 characters character NNS 7960 11055 3 are be VBP 7960 11055 4 animals animal NNS 7960 11055 5 : : : 7960 11055 6 Reynard reynard NN 7960 11055 7 , , , 7960 11055 8 cunning cunning JJ 7960 11055 9 and and CC 7960 11055 10 audacious audacious JJ 7960 11055 11 , , , 7960 11055 12 who who WP 7960 11055 13 outwits outwit VBZ 7960 11055 14 all all PDT 7960 11055 15 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 11055 16 foes foe NNS 7960 11055 17 ; ; : 7960 11055 18 Chanticleer chanticleer VB 7960 11055 19 the the DT 7960 11055 20 cock cock NN 7960 11055 21 ; ; : 7960 11055 22 Bruin Bruin NNP 7960 11055 23 the the DT 7960 11055 24 Bear Bear NNP 7960 11055 25 ; ; : 7960 11055 26 Isengrim Isengrim NNP 7960 11055 27 the the DT 7960 11055 28 Wolf Wolf NNP 7960 11055 29 ; ; : 7960 11055 30 and and CC 7960 11055 31 many many JJ 7960 11055 32 others other NNS 7960 11055 33 . . . 7960 11056 1 But but CC 7960 11056 2 they -PRON- PRP 7960 11056 3 are be VBP 7960 11056 4 animals animal NNS 7960 11056 5 in in IN 7960 11056 6 name name NN 7960 11056 7 only only RB 7960 11056 8 . . . 7960 11057 1 We -PRON- PRP 7960 11057 2 see see VBP 7960 11057 3 them -PRON- PRP 7960 11057 4 worship worship VB 7960 11057 5 like like IN 7960 11057 6 Christians Christians NNPS 7960 11057 7 , , , 7960 11057 8 go go VB 7960 11057 9 to to IN 7960 11057 10 Mass Mass NNP 7960 11057 11 , , , 7960 11057 12 ride ride VB 7960 11057 13 on on IN 7960 11057 14 horseback horseback NN 7960 11057 15 , , , 7960 11057 16 debate debate NN 7960 11057 17 in in IN 7960 11057 18 councils council NNS 7960 11057 19 , , , 7960 11057 20 and and CC 7960 11057 21 amuse amuse VB 7960 11057 22 themselves -PRON- PRP 7960 11057 23 with with IN 7960 11057 24 hawking hawking NN 7960 11057 25 and and CC 7960 11057 26 hunting hunting NN 7960 11057 27 . . . 7960 11058 1 Satire satire VB 7960 11058 2 often often RB 7960 11058 3 creeps creep VBZ 7960 11058 4 in in RP 7960 11058 5 , , , 7960 11058 6 as as IN 7960 11058 7 when when WRB 7960 11058 8 the the DT 7960 11058 9 villainous villainous JJ 7960 11058 10 Fox Fox NNP 7960 11058 11 confesses confess VBZ 7960 11058 12 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 11058 13 sins sin NNS 7960 11058 14 to to IN 7960 11058 15 the the DT 7960 11058 16 Badger Badger NNP 7960 11058 17 or or CC 7960 11058 18 vows vow VBZ 7960 11058 19 that that IN 7960 11058 20 he -PRON- PRP 7960 11058 21 will will MD 7960 11058 22 go go VB 7960 11058 23 to to IN 7960 11058 24 the the DT 7960 11058 25 Holy Holy NNP 7960 11058 26 Land Land NNP 7960 11058 27 on on IN 7960 11058 28 a a DT 7960 11058 29 pilgrimage pilgrimage NN 7960 11058 30 . . . 7960 11059 1 The the DT 7960 11059 2 special special JJ 7960 11059 3 interest interest NN 7960 11059 4 of of IN 7960 11059 5 this this DT 7960 11059 6 work work NN 7960 11059 7 lies lie VBZ 7960 11059 8 in in IN 7960 11059 9 the the DT 7960 11059 10 fact fact NN 7960 11059 11 that that IN 7960 11059 12 it -PRON- PRP 7960 11059 13 expressed express VBD 7960 11059 14 the the DT 7960 11059 15 feelings feeling NNS 7960 11059 16 of of IN 7960 11059 17 the the DT 7960 11059 18 common common JJ 7960 11059 19 people people NNS 7960 11059 20 , , , 7960 11059 21 groaning groan VBG 7960 11059 22 under under IN 7960 11059 23 the the DT 7960 11059 24 oppression oppression NN 7960 11059 25 of of IN 7960 11059 26 feudal feudal JJ 7960 11059 27 lords lord NNS 7960 11059 28 . . . 7960 11060 1 THE the DT 7960 11060 2 ROBIN ROBIN NNP 7960 11060 3 HOOD HOOD NNP 7960 11060 4 BALLADS BALLADS NNP 7960 11060 5 The the DT 7960 11060 6 same same JJ 7960 11060 7 democratic democratic JJ 7960 11060 8 spirit spirit NN 7960 11060 9 breathes breathe NNS 7960 11060 10 in in IN 7960 11060 11 the the DT 7960 11060 12 old old JJ 7960 11060 13 English english JJ 7960 11060 14 ballads ballad NNS 7960 11060 15 of of IN 7960 11060 16 the the DT 7960 11060 17 outlaw outlaw NN 7960 11060 18 Robin Robin NNP 7960 11060 19 Hood Hood NNP 7960 11060 20 . . . 7960 11061 1 According accord VBG 7960 11061 2 to to IN 7960 11061 3 some some DT 7960 11061 4 accounts account NNS 7960 11061 5 he -PRON- PRP 7960 11061 6 flourished flourish VBD 7960 11061 7 in in IN 7960 11061 8 the the DT 7960 11061 9 second second JJ 7960 11061 10 half half NN 7960 11061 11 of of IN 7960 11061 12 the the DT 7960 11061 13 twelfth twelfth JJ 7960 11061 14 century century NN 7960 11061 15 , , , 7960 11061 16 when when WRB 7960 11061 17 Henry Henry NNP 7960 11061 18 II II NNP 7960 11061 19 and and CC 7960 11061 20 Richard Richard NNP 7960 11061 21 the the DT 7960 11061 22 Lion Lion NNP 7960 11061 23 - - HYPH 7960 11061 24 hearted hearted JJ 7960 11061 25 reigned reign VBD 7960 11061 26 over over IN 7960 11061 27 England England NNP 7960 11061 28 . . . 7960 11062 1 Robin Robin NNP 7960 11062 2 Hood Hood NNP 7960 11062 3 , , , 7960 11062 4 with with IN 7960 11062 5 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 11062 6 merry merry NN 7960 11062 7 men man NNS 7960 11062 8 , , , 7960 11062 9 leads lead VBZ 7960 11062 10 an an DT 7960 11062 11 adventurous adventurous JJ 7960 11062 12 life life NN 7960 11062 13 in in IN 7960 11062 14 Sherwood Sherwood NNP 7960 11062 15 Forest Forest NNP 7960 11062 16 , , , 7960 11062 17 engaging engage VBG 7960 11062 18 in in IN 7960 11062 19 feats feat NNS 7960 11062 20 of of IN 7960 11062 21 strength strength NN 7960 11062 22 and and CC 7960 11062 23 hunting hunt VBG 7960 11062 24 the the DT 7960 11062 25 king king NN 7960 11062 26 's 's POS 7960 11062 27 tall tall JJ 7960 11062 28 deer deer NN 7960 11062 29 . . . 7960 11063 1 Bishops bishop NNS 7960 11063 2 , , , 7960 11063 3 sheriffs sheriff NNS 7960 11063 4 , , , 7960 11063 5 and and CC 7960 11063 6 gamekeepers gamekeeper NNS 7960 11063 7 are be VBP 7960 11063 8 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 11063 9 only only JJ 7960 11063 10 enemies enemy NNS 7960 11063 11 . . . 7960 11064 1 For for IN 7960 11064 2 the the DT 7960 11064 3 common common JJ 7960 11064 4 people people NNS 7960 11064 5 he -PRON- PRP 7960 11064 6 has have VBZ 7960 11064 7 the the DT 7960 11064 8 greatest great JJS 7960 11064 9 pity pity NN 7960 11064 10 , , , 7960 11064 11 and and CC 7960 11064 12 robs rob VBZ 7960 11064 13 the the DT 7960 11064 14 rich rich JJ 7960 11064 15 to to TO 7960 11064 16 endow endow VB 7960 11064 17 the the DT 7960 11064 18 poor poor JJ 7960 11064 19 . . . 7960 11065 1 Courtesy courtesy NN 7960 11065 2 , , , 7960 11065 3 generosity generosity NN 7960 11065 4 , , , 7960 11065 5 and and CC 7960 11065 6 love love NN 7960 11065 7 of of IN 7960 11065 8 fair fair JJ 7960 11065 9 play play NN 7960 11065 10 are be VBP 7960 11065 11 some some DT 7960 11065 12 of of IN 7960 11065 13 the the DT 7960 11065 14 characteristics characteristic NNS 7960 11065 15 which which WDT 7960 11065 16 made make VBD 7960 11065 17 him -PRON- PRP 7960 11065 18 a a DT 7960 11065 19 popular popular JJ 7960 11065 20 hero hero NN 7960 11065 21 . . . 7960 11066 1 If if IN 7960 11066 2 King King NNP 7960 11066 3 Arthur Arthur NNP 7960 11066 4 was be VBD 7960 11066 5 the the DT 7960 11066 6 ideal ideal JJ 7960 11066 7 knight knight NN 7960 11066 8 , , , 7960 11066 9 Robin Robin NNP 7960 11066 10 Hood Hood NNP 7960 11066 11 was be VBD 7960 11066 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11069 17 found find VBD 7960 11069 18 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 11069 19 highest high JJS 7960 11069 20 expression expression NN 7960 11069 21 , , , 7960 11069 22 not not RB 7960 11069 23 in in IN 7960 11069 24 books book NNS 7960 11069 25 , , , 7960 11069 26 but but CC 7960 11069 27 in in IN 7960 11069 28 buildings building NNS 7960 11069 29 . . . 7960 11070 1 For for IN 7960 11070 2 several several JJ 7960 11070 3 hundred hundred CD 7960 11070 4 years year NNS 7960 11070 5 after after IN 7960 11070 6 the the DT 7960 11070 7 barbarian barbarian JJ 7960 11070 8 invasions invasion NNS 7960 11070 9 architecture architecture NN 7960 11070 10 had have VBD 7960 11070 11 made make VBN 7960 11070 12 little little JJ 7960 11070 13 progress progress NN 7960 11070 14 in in IN 7960 11070 15 western western JJ 7960 11070 16 Europe Europe NNP 7960 11070 17 , , , 7960 11070 18 outside outside IN 7960 11070 19 of of IN 7960 11070 20 Italy Italy NNP 7960 11070 21 , , , 7960 11070 22 which which WDT 7960 11070 23 was be VBD 7960 11070 24 subject subject JJ 7960 11070 25 to to IN 7960 11070 26 Byzantine byzantine JJ 7960 11070 27 influence influence NN 7960 11070 28 , , , 7960 11070 29 [ [ -LRB- 7960 11070 30 8 8 CD 7960 11070 31 ] ] -RRB- 7960 11070 32 and and CC 7960 11070 33 Spain Spain NNP 7960 11070 34 , , , 7960 11070 35 which which WDT 7960 11070 36 was be VBD 7960 11070 37 a a DT 7960 11070 38 center center NN 7960 11070 39 of of IN 7960 11070 40 Mohammedan Mohammedan NNP 7960 11070 41 culture culture NN 7960 11070 42 . . . 7960 11071 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 11071 2 9 9 CD 7960 11071 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 11071 4 Beginning begin VBG 7960 11071 5 about about IN 7960 11071 6 800 800 CD 7960 11071 7 A.D. 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D. NNP 7960 11073 8 by by IN 7960 11073 9 the the DT 7960 11073 10 Gothic gothic JJ 7960 11073 11 style style NN 7960 11073 12 of of IN 7960 11073 13 architecture architecture NN 7960 11073 14 , , , 7960 11073 15 which which WDT 7960 11073 16 prevailed prevail VBD 7960 11073 17 during during IN 7960 11073 18 the the DT 7960 11073 19 next next JJ 7960 11073 20 four four CD 7960 11073 21 centuries century NNS 7960 11073 22 . . . 7960 11074 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 11074 2 Illustration illustration NN 7960 11074 3 : : : 7960 11074 4 PLAN plan NN 7960 11074 5 OF of IN 7960 11074 6 SALISBURY SALISBURY NNP 7960 11074 7 CATHEDRAL CATHEDRAL NNS 7960 11074 8 , , , 7960 11074 9 ENGLAND ENGLAND NNP 7960 11074 10 Note note VBP 7960 11074 11 the the DT 7960 11074 12 double double JJ 7960 11074 13 transepts transept NNS 7960 11074 14 . . . 7960 11074 15 ] ] -RRB- 7960 11075 1 THE the DT 7960 11075 2 ROMANESQUE romanesque JJ 7960 11075 3 CHURCH CHURCH VBZ 7960 11075 4 The the DT 7960 11075 5 church church NN 7960 11075 6 of of IN 7960 11075 7 the the DT 7960 11075 8 early early JJ 7960 11075 9 Christians Christians NNPS 7960 11075 10 seems seem VBZ 7960 11075 11 to to TO 7960 11075 12 have have VB 7960 11075 13 been be VBN 7960 11075 14 modeled model VBN 7960 11075 15 upon upon IN 7960 11075 16 the the DT 7960 11075 17 Roman roman JJ 7960 11075 18 basilica basilica NN 7960 11075 19 , , , 7960 11075 20 with with IN 7960 11075 21 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 11075 22 arrangement arrangement NN 7960 11075 23 of of IN 7960 11075 24 nave nave NNP 7960 11075 25 and and CC 7960 11075 26 aisles aisles NNP 7960 11075 27 , , , 7960 11075 28 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 11075 29 circular circular JJ 7960 11075 30 arched arch VBN 7960 11075 31 recess recess NN 7960 11075 32 ( ( -LRB- 7960 11075 33 apse apse NN 7960 11075 34 ) ) -RRB- 7960 11075 35 at at IN 7960 11075 36 one one CD 7960 11075 37 end end NN 7960 11075 38 , , , 7960 11075 39 and and CC 7960 11075 40 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 11075 41 flat flat JJ 7960 11075 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7960 11077 3 , , , 7960 11077 4 which which WDT 7960 11077 5 might may MD 7960 11077 6 be be VB 7960 11077 7 covered cover VBN 7960 11077 8 by by IN 7960 11077 9 a a DT 7960 11077 10 pointed pointed JJ 7960 11077 11 roof roof NN 7960 11077 12 , , , 7960 11077 13 was be VBD 7960 11077 14 generally generally RB 7960 11077 15 raised raise VBN 7960 11077 16 over over IN 7960 11077 17 the the DT 7960 11077 18 junction junction NN 7960 11077 19 of of IN 7960 11077 20 the the DT 7960 11077 21 nave nave NN 7960 11077 22 and and CC 7960 11077 23 transepts transept NNS 7960 11077 24 . . . 7960 11078 1 At at IN 7960 11078 2 the the DT 7960 11078 3 same same JJ 7960 11078 4 time time NN 7960 11078 5 the the DT 7960 11078 6 apse apse NN 7960 11078 7 was be VBD 7960 11078 8 enlarged enlarge VBN 7960 11078 9 so so IN 7960 11078 10 as as IN 7960 11078 11 to to TO 7960 11078 12 form form VB 7960 11078 13 the the DT 7960 11078 14 choir choir NN 7960 11078 15 , , , 7960 11078 16 a a DT 7960 11078 17 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11086 15 ceased cease VBD 7960 11086 16 altogether altogether RB 7960 11086 17 . . . 7960 11087 1 The the DT 7960 11087 2 structure structure NN 7960 11087 3 was be VBD 7960 11087 4 finally finally RB 7960 11087 5 completed complete VBN 7960 11087 6 during during IN 7960 11087 7 the the DT 7960 11087 8 nineteenth nineteenth JJ 7960 11087 9 century century NN 7960 11087 10 , , , 7960 11087 11 and and CC 7960 11087 12 in in IN 7960 11087 13 1880 1880 CD 7960 11087 14 AD ad NN 7960 11087 15 it -PRON- PRP 7960 11087 16 was be VBD 7960 11087 17 opened open VBN 7960 11087 18 in in IN 7960 11087 19 the the DT 7960 11087 20 presence presence NN 7960 11087 21 of of IN 7960 11087 22 the the DT 7960 11087 23 emperor emperor NN 7960 11087 24 , , , 7960 11087 25 William William NNP 7960 11087 26 I. I. NNP 7960 11088 1 The the DT 7960 11088 2 Cathedral Cathedral NNP 7960 11088 3 , , , 7960 11088 4 which which WDT 7960 11088 5 is be VBZ 7960 11088 6 in in IN 7960 11088 7 the the DT 7960 11088 8 form form NN 7960 11088 9 of of IN 7960 11088 10 a a DT 7960 11088 11 cross cross NN 7960 11088 12 , , , 7960 11088 13 measures measure VBZ 7960 11088 14 480 480 CD 7960 11088 15 feet foot NNS 7960 11088 16 in in IN 7960 11088 17 length length NN 7960 11088 18 and and CC 7960 11088 19 282 282 CD 7960 11088 20 feet foot NNS 7960 11088 21 in in IN 7960 11088 22 breadth breadth NN 7960 11088 23 . . . 7960 11089 1 Each each DT 7960 11089 2 of of IN 7960 11089 3 the the DT 7960 11089 4 towers tower NNS 7960 11089 5 reaches reach VBZ 7960 11089 6 the the DT 7960 11089 7 height height NN 7960 11089 8 of of IN 7960 11089 9 511 511 CD 7960 11089 10 feet foot NNS 7960 11089 11 . . . 7960 11090 1 The the DT 7960 11090 2 very very RB 7960 11090 3 numerous numerous JJ 7960 11090 4 and and CC 7960 11090 5 richly richly RB 7960 11090 6 - - HYPH 7960 11090 7 colored color VBN 7960 11090 8 windows window NNS 7960 11090 9 add add VBP 7960 11090 10 greatly greatly RB 7960 11090 11 to to IN 7960 11090 12 the the DT 7960 11090 13 imposing impose VBG 7960 11090 14 effect effect NN 7960 11090 15 of of IN 7960 11090 16 the the DT 7960 11090 17 interior interior NN 7960 11090 18 . . . 7960 11090 19 ] ] -RRB- 7960 11091 1 VAULTING VAULTING NNP 7960 11091 2 AND and CC 7960 11091 3 THE the DT 7960 11091 4 ROUND round NN 7960 11091 5 ARCH ARCH VBZ 7960 11091 6 The the DT 7960 11091 7 Romanesque romanesque JJ 7960 11091 8 church church NN 7960 11091 9 also also RB 7960 11091 10 differed differ VBD 7960 11091 11 from from IN 7960 11091 12 a a DT 7960 11091 13 basilica basilica NN 7960 11091 14 in in IN 7960 11091 15 the the DT 7960 11091 16 use use NN 7960 11091 17 of of IN 7960 11091 18 vaulting vault VBG 7960 11091 19 to to TO 7960 11091 20 take take VB 7960 11091 21 the the DT 7960 11091 22 place place NN 7960 11091 23 of of IN 7960 11091 24 a a DT 7960 11091 25 flat flat JJ 7960 11091 26 ceiling ceiling NN 7960 11091 27 . . . 7960 11092 1 The the DT 7960 11092 2 old old JJ 7960 11092 3 Romans Romans NNPS 7960 11092 4 had have VBD 7960 11092 5 constructed construct VBN 7960 11092 6 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 11092 7 vaulted vault VBN 7960 11092 8 roofs roof NNS 7960 11092 9 and and CC 7960 11092 10 domes dome NNS 7960 11092 11 in in IN 7960 11092 12 concrete concrete NN 7960 11092 13 , , , 7960 11092 14 which which WDT 7960 11092 15 forms form VBZ 7960 11092 16 a a DT 7960 11092 17 rigid rigid JJ 7960 11092 18 mass mass NN 7960 11092 19 and and CC 7960 11092 20 rests rest VBZ 7960 11092 21 securely securely RB 7960 11092 22 upon upon IN 7960 11092 23 the the DT 7960 11092 24 walls wall NNS 7960 11092 25 like like IN 7960 11092 26 the the DT 7960 11092 27 lid lid NN 7960 11092 28 of of IN 7960 11092 29 a a DT 7960 11092 30 box box NN 7960 11092 31 . . . 7960 11093 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 11093 2 11 11 CD 7960 11093 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 11093 4 Medieval medieval JJ 7960 11093 5 architects architect NNS 7960 11093 6 , , , 7960 11093 7 however however RB 7960 11093 8 , , , 7960 11093 9 built build VBN 7960 11093 10 in in IN 7960 11093 11 stone stone NN 7960 11093 12 , , , 7960 11093 13 which which WDT 7960 11093 14 exerts exert VBZ 7960 11093 15 an an DT 7960 11093 16 outward outward JJ 7960 11093 17 thrust thrust NN 7960 11093 18 and and CC 7960 11093 19 tends tend VBZ 7960 11093 20 to to TO 7960 11093 21 force force VB 7960 11093 22 the the DT 7960 11093 23 walls wall NNS 7960 11093 24 apart apart RB 7960 11093 25 . . . 7960 11094 1 Consequently consequently RB 7960 11094 2 they -PRON- PRP 7960 11094 3 found find VBD 7960 11094 4 it -PRON- PRP 7960 11094 5 necessary necessary JJ 7960 11094 6 to to TO 7960 11094 7 make make VB 7960 11094 8 the the DT 7960 11094 9 walls wall NNS 7960 11094 10 very very RB 7960 11094 11 thick thick JJ 7960 11094 12 and and CC 7960 11094 13 to to TO 7960 11094 14 strengthen strengthen VB 7960 11094 15 them -PRON- PRP 7960 11094 16 by by IN 7960 11094 17 piers pier NNS 7960 11094 18 , , , 7960 11094 19 or or CC 7960 11094 20 buttresses buttress NNS 7960 11094 21 , , , 7960 11094 22 on on IN 7960 11094 23 the the DT 7960 11094 24 outside outside NN 7960 11094 25 of of IN 7960 11094 26 the the DT 7960 11094 27 edifice edifice NN 7960 11094 28 . . . 7960 11095 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 11095 2 was be VBD 7960 11095 3 also also RB 7960 11095 4 necessary necessary JJ 7960 11095 5 to to TO 7960 11095 6 reduce reduce VB 7960 11095 7 the the DT 7960 11095 8 width width NN 7960 11095 9 of of IN 7960 11095 10 the the DT 7960 11095 11 vaulted vaulted JJ 7960 11095 12 spaces space NNS 7960 11095 13 . . . 7960 11096 1 The the DT 7960 11096 2 vaulting vaulting NN 7960 11096 3 , , , 7960 11096 4 windows window NNS 7960 11096 5 , , , 7960 11096 6 and and CC 7960 11096 7 doorways doorway NNS 7960 11096 8 had have VBD 7960 11096 9 the the DT 7960 11096 10 form form NN 7960 11096 11 of of IN 7960 11096 12 the the DT 7960 11096 13 round round NN 7960 11096 14 arch arch NN 7960 11096 15 , , , 7960 11096 16 that that RB 7960 11096 17 is is RB 7960 11096 18 , , , 7960 11096 19 a a DT 7960 11096 20 semicircle semicircle NN 7960 11096 21 , , , 7960 11096 22 as as IN 7960 11096 23 in in IN 7960 11096 24 the the DT 7960 11096 25 ancient ancient JJ 7960 11096 26 Roman roman JJ 7960 11096 27 monuments monument NNS 7960 11096 28 . . . 7960 11097 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 11097 2 12 12 CD 7960 11097 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 11097 4 THE the DT 7960 11097 5 GOTHIC gothic NN 7960 11097 6 STYLE STYLE NNP 7960 11097 7 Gothic gothic JJ 7960 11097 8 architecture architecture NN 7960 11097 9 arose arise VBD 7960 11097 10 in in IN 7960 11097 11 France France NNP 7960 11097 12 in in IN 7960 11097 13 the the DT 7960 11097 14 country country NN 7960 11097 15 around around IN 7960 11097 16 Paris Paris NNP 7960 11097 17 , , , 7960 11097 18 at at IN 7960 11097 19 a a DT 7960 11097 20 time time NN 7960 11097 21 when when WRB 7960 11097 22 the the DT 7960 11097 23 French french JJ 7960 11097 24 kingdom kingdom NN 7960 11097 25 was be VBD 7960 11097 26 taking take VBG 7960 11097 27 the the DT 7960 11097 28 lead lead NN 7960 11097 29 in in IN 7960 11097 30 European european JJ 7960 11097 31 affairs affair NNS 7960 11097 32 . . . 7960 11098 1 Later later RB 7960 11098 2 it -PRON- PRP 7960 11098 3 spread spread VBD 7960 11098 4 to to IN 7960 11098 5 England England NNP 7960 11098 6 , , , 7960 11098 7 Germany Germany NNP 7960 11098 8 , , , 7960 11098 9 the the DT 7960 11098 10 Netherlands Netherlands NNP 7960 11098 11 , , , 7960 11098 12 and and CC 7960 11098 13 even even RB 7960 11098 14 to to IN 7960 11098 15 southern southern JJ 7960 11098 16 Europe Europe NNP 7960 11098 17 . . . 7960 11099 1 As as IN 7960 11099 2 an an DT 7960 11099 3 old old JJ 7960 11099 4 chronicler chronicler NN 7960 11099 5 wrote write VBD 7960 11099 6 , , , 7960 11099 7 " " `` 7960 11099 8 It -PRON- PRP 7960 11099 9 was be VBD 7960 11099 10 as as IN 7960 11099 11 if if IN 7960 11099 12 the the DT 7960 11099 13 whole whole JJ 7960 11099 14 world world NN 7960 11099 15 had have VBD 7960 11099 16 thrown throw VBN 7960 11099 17 off off RP 7960 11099 18 the the DT 7960 11099 19 rags rag NNS 7960 11099 20 of of IN 7960 11099 21 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 11099 22 ancient ancient JJ 7960 11099 23 time time NN 7960 11099 24 , , , 7960 11099 25 and and CC 7960 11099 26 had have VBD 7960 11099 27 arrayed array VBN 7960 11099 28 itself -PRON- PRP 7960 11099 29 in in IN 7960 11099 30 the the DT 7960 11099 31 white white JJ 7960 11099 32 robes robe NNS 7960 11099 33 of of IN 7960 11099 34 the the DT 7960 11099 35 churches church NNS 7960 11099 36 . . . 7960 11099 37 " " '' 7960 11100 1 The the DT 7960 11100 2 term term NN 7960 11100 3 Gothic Gothic NNP 7960 11100 4 was be VBD 7960 11100 5 applied apply VBN 7960 11100 6 contemptuously contemptuously RB 7960 11100 7 to to IN 7960 11100 8 this this DT 7960 11100 9 architectural architectural JJ 7960 11100 10 style style NN 7960 11100 11 by by IN 7960 11100 12 writers writer NNS 7960 11100 13 of of IN 7960 11100 14 the the DT 7960 11100 15 sixteenth sixteenth JJ 7960 11100 16 and and CC 7960 11100 17 seventeenth seventeenth JJ 7960 11100 18 centuries century NNS 7960 11100 19 , , , 7960 11100 20 who who WP 7960 11100 21 regarded regard VBD 7960 11100 22 everything everything NN 7960 11100 23 non non JJ 7960 11100 24 - - JJ 7960 11100 25 classical classical JJ 7960 11100 26 as as IN 7960 11100 27 barbarous barbarous JJ 7960 11100 28 . . . 7960 11101 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 11101 2 believed believe VBD 7960 11101 3 it -PRON- PRP 7960 11101 4 to to TO 7960 11101 5 be be VB 7960 11101 6 an an DT 7960 11101 7 invention invention NN 7960 11101 8 of of IN 7960 11101 9 the the DT 7960 11101 10 barbarian barbarian JJ 7960 11101 11 Goths Goths NNP 7960 11101 12 , , , 7960 11101 13 and and CC 7960 11101 14 so so RB 7960 11101 15 they -PRON- PRP 7960 11101 16 called call VBD 7960 11101 17 it -PRON- PRP 7960 11101 18 Gothic Gothic NNP 7960 11101 19 . . . 7960 11102 1 The the DT 7960 11102 2 name name NN 7960 11102 3 has have VBZ 7960 11102 4 stuck stick VBN 7960 11102 5 , , , 7960 11102 6 as as IN 7960 11102 7 bad bad JJ 7960 11102 8 names name NNS 7960 11102 9 have have VBP 7960 11102 10 a a DT 7960 11102 11 habit habit NN 7960 11102 12 of of IN 7960 11102 13 doing do VBG 7960 11102 14 , , , 7960 11102 15 but but CC 7960 11102 16 nowadays nowadays RB 7960 11102 17 every every DT 7960 11102 18 one one NN 7960 11102 19 recognizes recognize VBZ 7960 11102 20 the the DT 7960 11102 21 greatness greatness NN 7960 11102 22 of of IN 7960 11102 23 this this DT 7960 11102 24 medieval medieval JJ 7960 11102 25 art art NN 7960 11102 26 . . . 7960 11103 1 The the DT 7960 11103 2 most most RBS 7960 11103 3 beautiful beautiful JJ 7960 11103 4 buildings building NNS 7960 11103 5 of of IN 7960 11103 6 the the DT 7960 11103 7 Middle Middle NNP 7960 11103 8 Ages Ages NNPS 7960 11103 9 are be VBP 7960 11103 10 of of IN 7960 11103 11 Gothic gothic JJ 7960 11103 12 architecture architecture NN 7960 11103 13 . . . 7960 11104 1 RIBBED ribbed NN 7960 11104 2 VAULTING vaulting NN 7960 11104 3 AND and CC 7960 11104 4 THE the DT 7960 11104 5 FLYING flying NN 7960 11104 6 BUTTRESS buttress NN 7960 11104 7 The the DT 7960 11104 8 Gothic Gothic NNP 7960 11104 9 style style NN 7960 11104 10 formed form VBD 7960 11104 11 a a DT 7960 11104 12 natural natural JJ 7960 11104 13 development development NN 7960 11104 14 of of IN 7960 11104 15 the the DT 7960 11104 16 Romanesque romanesque JJ 7960 11104 17 style style NN 7960 11104 18 . . . 7960 11105 1 The the DT 7960 11105 2 architects architect NNS 7960 11105 3 of of IN 7960 11105 4 a a DT 7960 11105 5 Gothic gothic JJ 7960 11105 6 church church NN 7960 11105 7 wished wish VBD 7960 11105 8 to to TO 7960 11105 9 retain retain VB 7960 11105 10 the the DT 7960 11105 11 vaulted vault VBN 7960 11105 12 ceiling ceiling NN 7960 11105 13 but but CC 7960 11105 14 at at IN 7960 11105 15 the the DT 7960 11105 16 same same JJ 7960 11105 17 time time NN 7960 11105 18 to to TO 7960 11105 19 do do VB 7960 11105 20 away away RB 7960 11105 21 with with IN 7960 11105 22 thick thick JJ 7960 11105 23 , , , 7960 11105 24 solid solid JJ 7960 11105 25 walls wall NNS 7960 11105 26 , , , 7960 11105 27 which which WDT 7960 11105 28 had have VBD 7960 11105 29 so so RB 7960 11105 30 little little JJ 7960 11105 31 window window NN 7960 11105 32 space space NN 7960 11105 33 as as IN 7960 11105 34 to to TO 7960 11105 35 leave leave VB 7960 11105 36 the the DT 7960 11105 37 interior interior NN 7960 11105 38 of of IN 7960 11105 39 the the DT 7960 11105 40 building building NN 7960 11105 41 dark dark JJ 7960 11105 42 gloomy gloomy NN 7960 11105 43 . . . 7960 11106 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 11106 2 solved solve VBD 7960 11106 3 this this DT 7960 11106 4 problem problem NN 7960 11106 5 , , , 7960 11106 6 in in IN 7960 11106 7 the the DT 7960 11106 8 first first JJ 7960 11106 9 place place NN 7960 11106 10 , , , 7960 11106 11 by by IN 7960 11106 12 using use VBG 7960 11106 13 a a DT 7960 11106 14 great great JJ 7960 11106 15 number number NN 7960 11106 16 of of IN 7960 11106 17 stone stone NN 7960 11106 18 ribs rib NNS 7960 11106 19 , , , 7960 11106 20 which which WDT 7960 11106 21 gathered gather VBD 7960 11106 22 up up RP 7960 11106 23 the the DT 7960 11106 24 weight weight NN 7960 11106 25 of of IN 7960 11106 26 the the DT 7960 11106 27 ceiling ceiling NN 7960 11106 28 and and CC 7960 11106 29 rested rest VBD 7960 11106 30 on on IN 7960 11106 31 pillars pillar NNS 7960 11106 32 . . . 7960 11107 1 Ribbed rib VBN 7960 11107 2 vaulting vaulting NN 7960 11107 3 made make VBD 7960 11107 4 possible possible JJ 7960 11107 5 higher high JJR 7960 11107 6 ceilings ceiling NNS 7960 11107 7 , , , 7960 11107 8 spanning span VBG 7960 11107 9 wider wide JJR 7960 11107 10 areas area NNS 7960 11107 11 , , , 7960 11107 12 than than IN 7960 11107 13 in in IN 7960 11107 14 Romanesque romanesque JJ 7960 11107 15 churches church NNS 7960 11107 16 . . . 7960 11108 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 11108 2 13 13 CD 7960 11108 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 11108 4 In in IN 7960 11108 5 the the DT 7960 11108 6 second second JJ 7960 11108 7 place place NN 7960 11108 8 , , , 7960 11108 9 the the DT 7960 11108 10 pillars pillar NNS 7960 11108 11 supporting support VBG 7960 11108 12 the the DT 7960 11108 13 ribs rib NNS 7960 11108 14 were be VBD 7960 11108 15 themselves -PRON- PRP 7960 11108 16 connected connect VBN 7960 11108 17 by by IN 7960 11108 18 means mean NNS 7960 11108 19 of of IN 7960 11108 20 flying fly VBG 7960 11108 21 buttresses buttress NNS 7960 11108 22 with with IN 7960 11108 23 stout stout JJ 7960 11108 24 piers pier NNS 7960 11108 25 of of IN 7960 11108 26 masonry masonry NN 7960 11108 27 outside outside IN 7960 11108 28 the the DT 7960 11108 29 walls wall NNS 7960 11108 30 of of IN 7960 11108 31 the the DT 7960 11108 32 church church NN 7960 11108 33 . . . 7960 11109 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 11109 2 14 14 CD 7960 11109 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 11109 4 These these DT 7960 11109 5 walls wall NNS 7960 11109 6 , , , 7960 11109 7 relieved relieve VBN 7960 11109 8 from from IN 7960 11109 9 the the DT 7960 11109 10 pressure pressure NN 7960 11109 11 of of IN 7960 11109 12 the the DT 7960 11109 13 ceiling ceiling NN 7960 11109 14 , , , 7960 11109 15 now now RB 7960 11109 16 became become VBD 7960 11109 17 a a DT 7960 11109 18 mere mere JJ 7960 11109 19 screen screen NN 7960 11109 20 to to TO 7960 11109 21 keep keep VB 7960 11109 22 out out RP 7960 11109 23 the the DT 7960 11109 24 weather weather NN 7960 11109 25 . . . 7960 11110 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 11110 2 could could MD 7960 11110 3 be be VB 7960 11110 4 built build VBN 7960 11110 5 of of IN 7960 11110 6 light light JJ 7960 11110 7 materials material NNS 7960 11110 8 and and CC 7960 11110 9 opened open VBD 7960 11110 10 up up RP 7960 11110 11 with with IN 7960 11110 12 high high JJ 7960 11110 13 , , , 7960 11110 14 wide wide JJ 7960 11110 15 windows window NNS 7960 11110 16 . . . 7960 11111 1 THE the DT 7960 11111 2 POINTED POINTED NNP 7960 11111 3 ARCH ARCH VBZ 7960 11111 4 Ribbed Ribbed NNP 7960 11111 5 vaulting vaulting NN 7960 11111 6 and and CC 7960 11111 7 the the DT 7960 11111 8 flying fly VBG 7960 11111 9 buttress buttress NN 7960 11111 10 are be VBP 7960 11111 11 the the DT 7960 11111 12 distinctive distinctive JJ 7960 11111 13 features feature NNS 7960 11111 14 of of IN 7960 11111 15 Gothic gothic JJ 7960 11111 16 architecture architecture NN 7960 11111 17 . . . 7960 11112 1 A a DT 7960 11112 2 third third JJ 7960 11112 3 feature feature NN 7960 11112 4 , , , 7960 11112 5 noteworthy noteworthy JJ 7960 11112 6 but but CC 7960 11112 7 not not RB 7960 11112 8 so so RB 7960 11112 9 important important JJ 7960 11112 10 , , , 7960 11112 11 is be VBZ 7960 11112 12 the the DT 7960 11112 13 use use NN 7960 11112 14 of of IN 7960 11112 15 the the DT 7960 11112 16 pointed pointed JJ 7960 11112 17 arch arch NN 7960 11112 18 . . . 7960 11113 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 11113 2 was be VBD 7960 11113 3 not not RB 7960 11113 4 Christian Christian NNP 7960 11113 5 in in IN 7960 11113 6 origin origin NN 7960 11113 7 , , , 7960 11113 8 for for IN 7960 11113 9 it -PRON- PRP 7960 11113 10 had have VBD 7960 11113 11 long long RB 7960 11113 12 been be VBN 7960 11113 13 known know VBN 7960 11113 14 to to IN 7960 11113 15 the the DT 7960 11113 16 Arabs Arabs NNPS 7960 11113 17 in in IN 7960 11113 18 the the DT 7960 11113 19 East East NNP 7960 11113 20 and and CC 7960 11113 21 the the DT 7960 11113 22 Moslem Moslem NNP 7960 11113 23 conquerors conqueror NNS 7960 11113 24 of of IN 7960 11113 25 Sicily Sicily NNP 7960 11113 26 . . . 7960 11114 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 11114 2 15 15 CD 7960 11114 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 11114 4 The the DT 7960 11114 5 semicircular semicircular JJ 7960 11114 6 or or CC 7960 11114 7 round round JJ 7960 11114 8 arch arch NN 7960 11114 9 can can MD 7960 11114 10 be be VB 7960 11114 11 only only RB 7960 11114 12 half half NN 7960 11114 13 as as RB 7960 11114 14 high high JJ 7960 11114 15 as as IN 7960 11114 16 it -PRON- PRP 7960 11114 17 is be VBZ 7960 11114 18 wide wide JJ 7960 11114 19 , , , 7960 11114 20 but but CC 7960 11114 21 the the DT 7960 11114 22 pointed pointed JJ 7960 11114 23 arch arch NN 7960 11114 24 may may MD 7960 11114 25 vary vary VB 7960 11114 26 greatly greatly RB 7960 11114 27 in in IN 7960 11114 28 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 11114 29 proportions proportion NNS 7960 11114 30 . . . 7960 11115 1 The the DT 7960 11115 2 use use NN 7960 11115 3 of of IN 7960 11115 4 this this DT 7960 11115 5 device device NN 7960 11115 6 enabled enable VBD 7960 11115 7 the the DT 7960 11115 8 Gothic Gothic NNP 7960 11115 9 builder builder NN 7960 11115 10 to to TO 7960 11115 11 bridge bridge VB 7960 11115 12 over over IN 7960 11115 13 different different JJ 7960 11115 14 widths width NNS 7960 11115 15 at at IN 7960 11115 16 any any DT 7960 11115 17 required require VBN 7960 11115 18 height height NN 7960 11115 19 . . . 7960 11116 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 11116 2 is be VBZ 7960 11116 3 also also RB 7960 11116 4 lighter light JJR 7960 11116 5 and and CC 7960 11116 6 more more RBR 7960 11116 7 graceful graceful JJ 7960 11116 8 than than IN 7960 11116 9 the the DT 7960 11116 10 round round JJ 7960 11116 11 arch arch NN 7960 11116 12 . . . 7960 11117 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 11117 2 16 16 CD 7960 11117 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 11117 4 [ [ -LRB- 7960 11117 5 Illustration illustration NN 7960 11117 6 : : : 7960 11117 7 CROSS cros VBN 7960 11117 8 SECTION section NN 7960 11117 9 OF of IN 7960 11117 10 AMIENS AMIENS NNP 7960 11117 11 CATHEDRAL CATHEDRAL NNP 7960 11117 12 A a NN 7960 11117 13 , , , 7960 11117 14 vaulting vaulting NN 7960 11117 15 ; ; : 7960 11117 16 B b NN 7960 11117 17 , , , 7960 11117 18 ribs rib NNS 7960 11117 19 ; ; : 7960 11117 20 C C NNP 7960 11117 21 , , , 7960 11117 22 flying fly VBG 7960 11117 23 buttresses buttress NNS 7960 11117 24 ; ; : 7960 11117 25 D d NN 7960 11117 26 , , , 7960 11117 27 buttresses buttress NNS 7960 11117 28 ; ; : 7960 11117 29 E e NN 7960 11117 30 , , , 7960 11117 31 low low JJ 7960 11117 32 windows window NNS 7960 11117 33 ; ; : 7960 11117 34 F f NN 7960 11117 35 , , , 7960 11117 36 clerestory clerestory NN 7960 11117 37 . . . 7960 11117 38 ] ] -RRB- 7960 11118 1 GOTHIC GOTHIC NNP 7960 11118 2 ORNAMENT ORNAMENT VBD 7960 11118 3 The the DT 7960 11118 4 labors labor NNS 7960 11118 5 of of IN 7960 11118 6 the the DT 7960 11118 7 Gothic Gothic NNP 7960 11118 8 architect architect NN 7960 11118 9 were be VBD 7960 11118 10 admirably admirably RB 7960 11118 11 seconded second VBN 7960 11118 12 by by IN 7960 11118 13 those those DT 7960 11118 14 of of IN 7960 11118 15 other other JJ 7960 11118 16 artists artist NNS 7960 11118 17 . . . 7960 11119 1 The the DT 7960 11119 2 sculptor sculptor NN 7960 11119 3 cut cut VBD 7960 11119 4 figures figure NNS 7960 11119 5 of of IN 7960 11119 6 men man NNS 7960 11119 7 , , , 7960 11119 8 animals animal NNS 7960 11119 9 , , , 7960 11119 10 and and CC 7960 11119 11 plants plant NNS 7960 11119 12 in in IN 7960 11119 13 the the DT 7960 11119 14 utmost utmost JJ 7960 11119 15 profusion profusion NN 7960 11119 16 . . . 7960 11120 1 The the DT 7960 11120 2 painter painter NN 7960 11120 3 covered cover VBD 7960 11120 4 vacant vacant JJ 7960 11120 5 wall wall NN 7960 11120 6 spaces space VBZ 7960 11120 7 with with IN 7960 11120 8 brilliant brilliant JJ 7960 11120 9 mosaics mosaic NNS 7960 11120 10 and and CC 7960 11120 11 frescoes fresco NNS 7960 11120 12 . . . 7960 11121 1 The the DT 7960 11121 2 wood wood NN 7960 11121 3 - - HYPH 7960 11121 4 carver carver NN 7960 11121 5 made make VBD 7960 11121 6 exquisite exquisite JJ 7960 11121 7 choir choir NN 7960 11121 8 stalls stall NNS 7960 11121 9 , , , 7960 11121 10 pulpits pulpit NNS 7960 11121 11 , , , 7960 11121 12 altars altar NNS 7960 11121 13 , , , 7960 11121 14 and and CC 7960 11121 15 screens screen NNS 7960 11121 16 . . . 7960 11122 1 Master Master NNP 7960 11122 2 workmen workman NNS 7960 11122 3 filled fill VBD 7960 11122 4 the the DT 7960 11122 5 stone stone NN 7960 11122 6 tracery tracery NN 7960 11122 7 of of IN 7960 11122 8 the the DT 7960 11122 9 windows window NNS 7960 11122 10 with with IN 7960 11122 11 stained stained JJ 7960 11122 12 glass glass NN 7960 11122 13 unequaled unequale VBN 7960 11122 14 in in IN 7960 11122 15 coloring color VBG 7960 11122 16 by by IN 7960 11122 17 the the DT 7960 11122 18 finest fine JJS 7960 11122 19 modern modern JJ 7960 11122 20 work work NN 7960 11122 21 . . . 7960 11123 1 Some some DT 7960 11123 2 rigorous rigorous JJ 7960 11123 3 churchmen churchman NNS 7960 11123 4 like like IN 7960 11123 5 St. St. NNP 7960 11123 6 Bernard Bernard NNP 7960 11123 7 condemned condemn VBD 7960 11123 8 the the DT 7960 11123 9 expense expense NN 7960 11123 10 of of IN 7960 11123 11 these these DT 7960 11123 12 magnificent magnificent JJ 7960 11123 13 cathedrals cathedral NNS 7960 11123 14 , , , 7960 11123 15 but but CC 7960 11123 16 most most JJS 7960 11123 17 men man NNS 7960 11123 18 found find VBD 7960 11123 19 in in IN 7960 11123 20 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 11123 21 beauty beauty NN 7960 11123 22 an an DT 7960 11123 23 additional additional JJ 7960 11123 24 reason reason NN 7960 11123 25 to to TO 7960 11123 26 praise praise VB 7960 11123 27 God God NNP 7960 11123 28 . . . 7960 11124 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 11124 2 Illustration illustration NN 7960 11124 3 : : : 7960 11124 4 GARGOYLES gargoyle VBD 7960 11124 5 ON on IN 7960 11124 6 THE the DT 7960 11124 7 CATHEDRAL CATHEDRAL NNS 7960 11124 8 OF of IN 7960 11124 9 NOTRE NOTRE NNP 7960 11124 10 DAME DAME NNS 7960 11124 11 , , , 7960 11124 12 PARIS PARIS NNP 7960 11124 13 Strange strange JJ 7960 11124 14 grotesque grotesque JJ 7960 11124 15 figures figure NNS 7960 11124 16 and and CC 7960 11124 17 faces face NNS 7960 11124 18 of of IN 7960 11124 19 stone stone NN 7960 11124 20 used use VBN 7960 11124 21 as as IN 7960 11124 22 ornaments ornament NNS 7960 11124 23 of of IN 7960 11124 24 Gothic gothic JJ 7960 11124 25 buildings building NNS 7960 11124 26 and and CC 7960 11124 27 as as IN 7960 11124 28 spouts spout NNS 7960 11124 29 to to TO 7960 11124 30 carry carry VB 7960 11124 31 off off RP 7960 11124 32 rain rain NN 7960 11124 33 water water NN 7960 11124 34 . . . 7960 11125 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 11125 2 represent represent VBP 7960 11125 3 beasts beast NNS 7960 11125 4 , , , 7960 11125 5 demons demon NNS 7960 11125 6 , , , 7960 11125 7 and and CC 7960 11125 8 other other JJ 7960 11125 9 creations creation NNS 7960 11125 10 of of IN 7960 11125 11 medieval medieval JJ 7960 11125 12 fancy fancy NN 7960 11125 13 . . . 7960 11125 14 ] ] -RRB- 7960 11126 1 THE the DT 7960 11126 2 CATHEDRAL CATHEDRAL NNS 7960 11126 3 AS as IN 7960 11126 4 A a DT 7960 11126 5 RELIGIOUS religious NN 7960 11126 6 EDIFICE edifice VBP 7960 11126 7 The the DT 7960 11126 8 Gothic Gothic NNP 7960 11126 9 cathedral cathedral NN 7960 11126 10 , , , 7960 11126 11 in in IN 7960 11126 12 fact fact NN 7960 11126 13 , , , 7960 11126 14 perfectly perfectly RB 7960 11126 15 expressed express VBD 7960 11126 16 the the DT 7960 11126 17 religious religious JJ 7960 11126 18 spirit spirit NN 7960 11126 19 of of IN 7960 11126 20 the the DT 7960 11126 21 Middle Middle NNP 7960 11126 22 Ages Ages NNPS 7960 11126 23 . . . 7960 11127 1 For for IN 7960 11127 2 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 11127 3 erection erection NN 7960 11127 4 kings king NNS 7960 11127 5 and and CC 7960 11127 6 nobles noble NNS 7960 11127 7 offered offer VBD 7960 11127 8 costly costly JJ 7960 11127 9 gifts gift NNS 7960 11127 10 . . . 7960 11128 1 The the DT 7960 11128 2 common common JJ 7960 11128 3 people people NNS 7960 11128 4 , , , 7960 11128 5 when when WRB 7960 11128 6 they -PRON- PRP 7960 11128 7 had have VBD 7960 11128 8 no no DT 7960 11128 9 money money NN 7960 11128 10 to to TO 7960 11128 11 give give VB 7960 11128 12 , , , 7960 11128 13 contributed contribute VBD 7960 11128 14 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 11128 15 labor labor NN 7960 11128 16 , , , 7960 11128 17 each each DT 7960 11128 18 man man NN 7960 11128 19 doing do VBG 7960 11128 20 what what WP 7960 11128 21 he -PRON- PRP 7960 11128 22 could could MD 7960 11128 23 to to TO 7960 11128 24 carry carry VB 7960 11128 25 upward upward RB 7960 11128 26 the the DT 7960 11128 27 walls wall NNS 7960 11128 28 and and CC 7960 11128 29 towers tower NNS 7960 11128 30 and and CC 7960 11128 31 to to TO 7960 11128 32 perfect perfect VB 7960 11128 33 every every DT 7960 11128 34 part part NN 7960 11128 35 of of IN 7960 11128 36 God God NNP 7960 11128 37 's 's POS 7960 11128 38 dwelling dwelling NN 7960 11128 39 . . . 7960 11129 1 The the DT 7960 11129 2 interior interior NN 7960 11129 3 of of IN 7960 11129 4 such such PDT 7960 11129 5 a a DT 7960 11129 6 cathedral cathedral NN 7960 11129 7 , , , 7960 11129 8 with with IN 7960 11129 9 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 11129 10 vast vast JJ 7960 11129 11 nave nave NN 7960 11129 12 rising rise VBG 7960 11129 13 in in IN 7960 11129 14 swelling swell VBG 7960 11129 15 arches arch NNS 7960 11129 16 to to IN 7960 11129 17 the the DT 7960 11129 18 vaulted vaulted JJ 7960 11129 19 roof roof NN 7960 11129 20 , , , 7960 11129 21 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 11129 22 clustered clustered JJ 7960 11129 23 columns column NNS 7960 11129 24 , , , 7960 11129 25 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 11129 26 glowing glowing JJ 7960 11129 27 windows window NNS 7960 11129 28 , , , 7960 11129 29 and and CC 7960 11129 30 infinite infinite JJ 7960 11129 31 variety variety NN 7960 11129 32 of of IN 7960 11129 33 ornamentation ornamentation NN 7960 11129 34 , , , 7960 11129 35 forms form VBZ 7960 11129 36 the the DT 7960 11129 37 most most RBS 7960 11129 38 awe awe NN 7960 11129 39 - - HYPH 7960 11129 40 inspiring inspire VBG 7960 11129 41 sanctuary sanctuary NN 7960 11129 42 ever ever RB 7960 11129 43 raised raise VBN 7960 11129 44 by by IN 7960 11129 45 man man NN 7960 11129 46 . . . 7960 11130 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 11130 2 is be VBZ 7960 11130 3 a a DT 7960 11130 4 prayer prayer NN 7960 11130 5 , , , 7960 11130 6 a a DT 7960 11130 7 hymn hymn NN 7960 11130 8 , , , 7960 11130 9 a a DT 7960 11130 10 sermon sermon NN 7960 11130 11 in in IN 7960 11130 12 stone stone NN 7960 11130 13 . . . 7960 11131 1 THE the DT 7960 11131 2 SECULAR SECULAR NNP 7960 11131 3 GOTHIC GOTHIC NNP 7960 11131 4 Gothic gothic JJ 7960 11131 5 architecture architecture NN 7960 11131 6 , , , 7960 11131 7 though though IN 7960 11131 8 at at IN 7960 11131 9 first first RB 7960 11131 10 confined confine VBN 7960 11131 11 to to IN 7960 11131 12 churches church NNS 7960 11131 13 , , , 7960 11131 14 came come VBD 7960 11131 15 to to TO 7960 11131 16 be be VB 7960 11131 17 used use VBN 7960 11131 18 for for IN 7960 11131 19 other other JJ 7960 11131 20 buildings building NNS 7960 11131 21 . . . 7960 11132 1 Among among IN 7960 11132 2 the the DT 7960 11132 3 monuments monument NNS 7960 11132 4 of of IN 7960 11132 5 the the DT 7960 11132 6 secular secular JJ 7960 11132 7 Gothic Gothic NNP 7960 11132 8 are be VBP 7960 11132 9 beautiful beautiful JJ 7960 11132 10 town town NN 7960 11132 11 halls hall NNS 7960 11132 12 , , , 7960 11132 13 guild guild NN 7960 11132 14 halls hall NNS 7960 11132 15 , , , 7960 11132 16 markets market NNS 7960 11132 17 , , , 7960 11132 18 and and CC 7960 11132 19 charming charm VBG 7960 11132 20 private private JJ 7960 11132 21 houses house NNS 7960 11132 22 . . . 7960 11133 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 11133 2 17 17 CD 7960 11133 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 11133 4 But but CC 7960 11133 5 the the DT 7960 11133 6 cathedral cathedral NN 7960 11133 7 remained remain VBD 7960 11133 8 the the DT 7960 11133 9 best good JJS 7960 11133 10 expression expression NN 7960 11133 11 of of IN 7960 11133 12 the the DT 7960 11133 13 Gothic gothic JJ 7960 11133 14 style style NN 7960 11133 15 . . . 7960 11134 1 203 203 CD 7960 11134 2 . . . 7960 11135 1 EDUCATION education NN 7960 11135 2 ; ; : 7960 11135 3 THE the DT 7960 11135 4 UNIVERSITIES university NNS 7960 11135 5 COMMON common NN 7960 11135 6 SCHOOLS school NNS 7960 11135 7 Not not RB 7960 11135 8 less less RBR 7960 11135 9 important important JJ 7960 11135 10 than than IN 7960 11135 11 the the DT 7960 11135 12 Gothic gothic JJ 7960 11135 13 cathedrals cathedral NNS 7960 11135 14 for for IN 7960 11135 15 the the DT 7960 11135 16 understanding understanding NN 7960 11135 17 of of IN 7960 11135 18 medieval medieval JJ 7960 11135 19 civilization civilization NN 7960 11135 20 were be VBD 7960 11135 21 the the DT 7960 11135 22 universities university NNS 7960 11135 23 . . . 7960 11136 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 11136 2 grew grow VBD 7960 11136 3 out out IN 7960 11136 4 of of IN 7960 11136 5 the the DT 7960 11136 6 monastic monastic JJ 7960 11136 7 and and CC 7960 11136 8 cathedral cathedral JJ 7960 11136 9 schools school NNS 7960 11136 10 where where WRB 7960 11136 11 boys boy NNS 7960 11136 12 were be VBD 7960 11136 13 trained train VBN 7960 11136 14 to to TO 7960 11136 15 become become VB 7960 11136 16 monks monk NNS 7960 11136 17 or or CC 7960 11136 18 priests priest NNS 7960 11136 19 . . . 7960 11137 1 Such such JJ 7960 11137 2 schools school NNS 7960 11137 3 had have VBD 7960 11137 4 been be VBN 7960 11137 5 created create VBN 7960 11137 6 or or CC 7960 11137 7 restored restore VBN 7960 11137 8 by by IN 7960 11137 9 Charlemagne Charlemagne NNP 7960 11137 10 . . . 7960 11138 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 11138 2 18 18 CD 7960 11138 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 11138 4 The the DT 7960 11138 5 teaching teaching NN 7960 11138 6 , , , 7960 11138 7 which which WDT 7960 11138 8 lay lie VBD 7960 11138 9 entirely entirely RB 7960 11138 10 in in IN 7960 11138 11 the the DT 7960 11138 12 hands hand NNS 7960 11138 13 of of IN 7960 11138 14 the the DT 7960 11138 15 clergy clergy NN 7960 11138 16 , , , 7960 11138 17 was be VBD 7960 11138 18 elementary elementary JJ 7960 11138 19 in in IN 7960 11138 20 character character NN 7960 11138 21 . . . 7960 11139 1 Pupils pupil NNS 7960 11139 2 learned learn VBD 7960 11139 3 enough enough JJ 7960 11139 4 Latin Latin NNP 7960 11139 5 grammar grammar NN 7960 11139 6 to to TO 7960 11139 7 read read VB 7960 11139 8 religious religious JJ 7960 11139 9 books book NNS 7960 11139 10 , , , 7960 11139 11 if if IN 7960 11139 12 not not RB 7960 11139 13 always always RB 7960 11139 14 to to TO 7960 11139 15 understand understand VB 7960 11139 16 them -PRON- PRP 7960 11139 17 , , , 7960 11139 18 and and CC 7960 11139 19 enough enough JJ 7960 11139 20 music music NN 7960 11139 21 to to TO 7960 11139 22 follow follow VB 7960 11139 23 the the DT 7960 11139 24 services service NNS 7960 11139 25 of of IN 7960 11139 26 the the DT 7960 11139 27 Church Church NNP 7960 11139 28 . . . 7960 11140 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 11140 2 also also RB 7960 11140 3 studied study VBD 7960 11140 4 arithmetic arithmetic JJ 7960 11140 5 by by IN 7960 11140 6 means mean NNS 7960 11140 7 of of IN 7960 11140 8 the the DT 7960 11140 9 awkward awkward JJ 7960 11140 10 Roman roman JJ 7960 11140 11 notation notation NN 7960 11140 12 , , , 7960 11140 13 received receive VBD 7960 11140 14 a a DT 7960 11140 15 smattering smattering NN 7960 11140 16 of of IN 7960 11140 17 astronomy astronomy NN 7960 11140 18 , , , 7960 11140 19 and and CC 7960 11140 20 sometimes sometimes RB 7960 11140 21 gained gain VBD 7960 11140 22 a a DT 7960 11140 23 little little JJ 7960 11140 24 knowledge knowledge NN 7960 11140 25 of of IN 7960 11140 26 such such JJ 7960 11140 27 subjects subject NNS 7960 11140 28 as as IN 7960 11140 29 geography geography NN 7960 11140 30 , , , 7960 11140 31 law law NN 7960 11140 32 , , , 7960 11140 33 and and CC 7960 11140 34 philosophy philosophy NN 7960 11140 35 . . . 7960 11141 1 Besides besides IN 7960 11141 2 these these DT 7960 11141 3 monastic monastic JJ 7960 11141 4 and and CC 7960 11141 5 cathedral cathedral JJ 7960 11141 6 schools school NNS 7960 11141 7 , , , 7960 11141 8 others other NNS 7960 11141 9 were be VBD 7960 11141 10 maintained maintain VBN 7960 11141 11 by by IN 7960 11141 12 the the DT 7960 11141 13 guilds guild NNS 7960 11141 14 . . . 7960 11142 1 Boys boy NNS 7960 11142 2 who who WP 7960 11142 3 had have VBD 7960 11142 4 no no DT 7960 11142 5 regular regular JJ 7960 11142 6 schooling schooling NN 7960 11142 7 often often RB 7960 11142 8 received receive VBD 7960 11142 9 instruction instruction NN 7960 11142 10 from from IN 7960 11142 11 the the DT 7960 11142 12 parish parish JJ 7960 11142 13 priest priest NN 7960 11142 14 of of IN 7960 11142 15 the the DT 7960 11142 16 village village NN 7960 11142 17 or or CC 7960 11142 18 town town NN 7960 11142 19 . . . 7960 11143 1 Illiteracy illiteracy NN 7960 11143 2 was be VBD 7960 11143 3 common common JJ 7960 11143 4 enough enough RB 7960 11143 5 in in IN 7960 11143 6 medieval medieval JJ 7960 11143 7 times time NNS 7960 11143 8 , , , 7960 11143 9 but but CC 7960 11143 10 the the DT 7960 11143 11 mass mass NN 7960 11143 12 of of IN 7960 11143 13 the the DT 7960 11143 14 people people NNS 7960 11143 15 were be VBD 7960 11143 16 by by IN 7960 11143 17 no no DT 7960 11143 18 means means NN 7960 11143 19 entirely entirely RB 7960 11143 20 uneducated uneducated JJ 7960 11143 21 . . . 7960 11144 1 RISE RISE NNS 7960 11144 2 OF of IN 7960 11144 3 UNIVERSITIES university NNS 7960 11144 4 Between between IN 7960 11144 5 1150 1150 CD 7960 11144 6 and and CC 7960 11144 7 1500 1500 CD 7960 11144 8 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 11144 9 at at IN 7960 11144 10 least least JJS 7960 11144 11 eighty eighty CD 7960 11144 12 universities university NNS 7960 11144 13 were be VBD 7960 11144 14 established establish VBN 7960 11144 15 in in IN 7960 11144 16 western western JJ 7960 11144 17 Europe Europe NNP 7960 11144 18 . . . 7960 11145 1 Some some DT 7960 11145 2 speedily speedily RB 7960 11145 3 became become VBD 7960 11145 4 extinct extinct JJ 7960 11145 5 , , , 7960 11145 6 but but CC 7960 11145 7 there there EX 7960 11145 8 are be VBP 7960 11145 9 still still RB 7960 11145 10 about about RB 7960 11145 11 fifty fifty CD 7960 11145 12 European european JJ 7960 11145 13 institutions institution NNS 7960 11145 14 of of IN 7960 11145 15 learning learning NN 7960 11145 16 which which WDT 7960 11145 17 started start VBD 7960 11145 18 in in IN 7960 11145 19 the the DT 7960 11145 20 Middle Middle NNP 7960 11145 21 Ages Ages NNPS 7960 11145 22 . . . 7960 11146 1 The the DT 7960 11146 2 earliest early JJS 7960 11146 3 universities university NNS 7960 11146 4 did do VBD 7960 11146 5 not not RB 7960 11146 6 look look VB 7960 11146 7 to to IN 7960 11146 8 the the DT 7960 11146 9 state state NN 7960 11146 10 or or CC 7960 11146 11 to to IN 7960 11146 12 some some DT 7960 11146 13 princely princely RB 7960 11146 14 benefactor benefactor NN 7960 11146 15 for for IN 7960 11146 16 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 11146 17 foundation foundation NN 7960 11146 18 . . . 7960 11147 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 11147 2 arose arise VBD 7960 11147 3 , , , 7960 11147 4 as as IN 7960 11147 5 it -PRON- PRP 7960 11147 6 were be VBD 7960 11147 7 , , , 7960 11147 8 spontaneously spontaneously RB 7960 11147 9 . . . 7960 11148 1 In in IN 7960 11148 2 the the DT 7960 11148 3 eleventh eleventh JJ 7960 11148 4 and and CC 7960 11148 5 twelfth twelfth JJ 7960 11148 6 centuries century NNS 7960 11148 7 Europe Europe NNP 7960 11148 8 felt feel VBD 7960 11148 9 the the DT 7960 11148 10 thrill thrill NN 7960 11148 11 of of IN 7960 11148 12 a a DT 7960 11148 13 great great JJ 7960 11148 14 intellectual intellectual JJ 7960 11148 15 revival revival NN 7960 11148 16 . . . 7960 11149 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 11149 2 was be VBD 7960 11149 3 stimulated stimulate VBN 7960 11149 4 by by IN 7960 11149 5 intercourse intercourse NN 7960 11149 6 with with IN 7960 11149 7 the the DT 7960 11149 8 highly highly RB 7960 11149 9 cultivated cultivate VBN 7960 11149 10 Arabs Arabs NNPS 7960 11149 11 in in IN 7960 11149 12 Spain Spain NNP 7960 11149 13 , , , 7960 11149 14 Sicily Sicily NNP 7960 11149 15 , , , 7960 11149 16 and and CC 7960 11149 17 the the DT 7960 11149 18 East East NNP 7960 11149 19 , , , 7960 11149 20 and and CC 7960 11149 21 with with IN 7960 11149 22 the the DT 7960 11149 23 Greek greek JJ 7960 11149 24 scholars scholar NNS 7960 11149 25 of of IN 7960 11149 26 Constantinople Constantinople NNP 7960 11149 27 during during IN 7960 11149 28 the the DT 7960 11149 29 crusades crusade NNS 7960 11149 30 . . . 7960 11150 1 The the DT 7960 11150 2 desire desire NN 7960 11150 3 for for IN 7960 11150 4 instruction instruction NN 7960 11150 5 became become VBD 7960 11150 6 so so RB 7960 11150 7 general general JJ 7960 11150 8 that that IN 7960 11150 9 the the DT 7960 11150 10 common common JJ 7960 11150 11 schools school NNS 7960 11150 12 could could MD 7960 11150 13 not not RB 7960 11150 14 satisfy satisfy VB 7960 11150 15 it -PRON- PRP 7960 11150 16 . . . 7960 11151 1 Other other JJ 7960 11151 2 schools school NNS 7960 11151 3 were be VBD 7960 11151 4 then then RB 7960 11151 5 opened open VBN 7960 11151 6 in in IN 7960 11151 7 the the DT 7960 11151 8 cities city NNS 7960 11151 9 and and CC 7960 11151 10 to to IN 7960 11151 11 them -PRON- PRP 7960 11151 12 flocked flock VBD 7960 11151 13 eager eager JJ 7960 11151 14 learners learner NNS 7960 11151 15 from from IN 7960 11151 16 every every DT 7960 11151 17 quarter quarter NN 7960 11151 18 . . . 7960 11152 1 PETER PETER NNP 7960 11152 2 ABELARD ABELARD NNP 7960 11152 3 1079 1079 CD 7960 11152 4 - - SYM 7960 11152 5 1142 1142 CD 7960 11152 6 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 11152 7 How how WRB 7960 11152 8 easily easily RB 7960 11152 9 a a DT 7960 11152 10 university university NN 7960 11152 11 might may MD 7960 11152 12 grow grow VB 7960 11152 13 up up RP 7960 11152 14 about about IN 7960 11152 15 the the DT 7960 11152 16 personality personality NN 7960 11152 17 of of IN 7960 11152 18 some some DT 7960 11152 19 eminent eminent JJ 7960 11152 20 teacher teacher NN 7960 11152 21 is be VBZ 7960 11152 22 shown show VBN 7960 11152 23 by by IN 7960 11152 24 the the DT 7960 11152 25 career career NN 7960 11152 26 of of IN 7960 11152 27 Abelard Abelard NNP 7960 11152 28 . . . 7960 11153 1 The the DT 7960 11153 2 eldest eld JJS 7960 11153 3 son son NN 7960 11153 4 of of IN 7960 11153 5 a a DT 7960 11153 6 noble noble JJ 7960 11153 7 family family NN 7960 11153 8 in in IN 7960 11153 9 Brittany Brittany NNP 7960 11153 10 , , , 7960 11153 11 Abelard Abelard NNP 7960 11153 12 would would MD 7960 11153 13 naturally naturally RB 7960 11153 14 have have VB 7960 11153 15 entered enter VBN 7960 11153 16 upon upon IN 7960 11153 17 a a DT 7960 11153 18 military military JJ 7960 11153 19 career career NN 7960 11153 20 , , , 7960 11153 21 but but CC 7960 11153 22 he -PRON- PRP 7960 11153 23 chose choose VBD 7960 11153 24 instead instead RB 7960 11153 25 the the DT 7960 11153 26 life life NN 7960 11153 27 of of IN 7960 11153 28 a a DT 7960 11153 29 scholar scholar NN 7960 11153 30 and and CC 7960 11153 31 the the DT 7960 11153 32 contests contest NNS 7960 11153 33 of of IN 7960 11153 34 debate debate NN 7960 11153 35 . . . 7960 11154 1 When when WRB 7960 11154 2 still still RB 7960 11154 3 a a DT 7960 11154 4 young young JJ 7960 11154 5 man man NN 7960 11154 6 he -PRON- PRP 7960 11154 7 came come VBD 7960 11154 8 to to IN 7960 11154 9 Paris Paris NNP 7960 11154 10 and and CC 7960 11154 11 attended attend VBD 7960 11154 12 the the DT 7960 11154 13 lectures lecture NNS 7960 11154 14 given give VBN 7960 11154 15 by by IN 7960 11154 16 a a DT 7960 11154 17 master master NN 7960 11154 18 of of IN 7960 11154 19 the the DT 7960 11154 20 cathedral cathedral JJ 7960 11154 21 school school NN 7960 11154 22 of of IN 7960 11154 23 Notre Notre NNP 7960 11154 24 Dame Dame NNP 7960 11154 25 . . . 7960 11155 1 Before before IN 7960 11155 2 long long RB 7960 11155 3 he -PRON- PRP 7960 11155 4 had have VBD 7960 11155 5 overcome overcome VBN 7960 11155 6 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 11155 7 instructor instructor NN 7960 11155 8 in in IN 7960 11155 9 discussion discussion NN 7960 11155 10 , , , 7960 11155 11 thus thus RB 7960 11155 12 establishing establish VBG 7960 11155 13 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 11155 14 own own JJ 7960 11155 15 reputation reputation NN 7960 11155 16 . . . 7960 11156 1 At at IN 7960 11156 2 the the DT 7960 11156 3 early early JJ 7960 11156 4 age age NN 7960 11156 5 of of IN 7960 11156 6 twenty twenty CD 7960 11156 7 - - HYPH 7960 11156 8 two two CD 7960 11156 9 Abelard Abelard NNP 7960 11156 10 himself -PRON- PRP 7960 11156 11 set set VBD 7960 11156 12 up up RP 7960 11156 13 as as IN 7960 11156 14 a a DT 7960 11156 15 lecturer lecturer NN 7960 11156 16 . . . 7960 11157 1 Few few JJ 7960 11157 2 teachers teacher NNS 7960 11157 3 have have VBP 7960 11157 4 ever ever RB 7960 11157 5 attracted attract VBN 7960 11157 6 so so RB 7960 11157 7 large large JJ 7960 11157 8 and and CC 7960 11157 9 so so RB 7960 11157 10 devoted devote VBD 7960 11157 11 a a DT 7960 11157 12 following following NN 7960 11157 13 . . . 7960 11158 1 His -PRON- PRP$ 7960 11158 2 lecture lecture NN 7960 11158 3 room room NN 7960 11158 4 under under IN 7960 11158 5 the the DT 7960 11158 6 shadow shadow NN 7960 11158 7 of of IN 7960 11158 8 the the DT 7960 11158 9 great great JJ 7960 11158 10 cathedral cathedral NNP 7960 11158 11 was be VBD 7960 11158 12 filled fill VBN 7960 11158 13 with with IN 7960 11158 14 a a DT 7960 11158 15 crowd crowd NN 7960 11158 16 of of IN 7960 11158 17 youths youth NNS 7960 11158 18 and and CC 7960 11158 19 men man NNS 7960 11158 20 drawn draw VBN 7960 11158 21 from from IN 7960 11158 22 all all DT 7960 11158 23 countries country NNS 7960 11158 24 . . . 7960 11159 1 UNIVERSITY UNIVERSITY NNP 7960 11159 2 OF of IN 7960 11159 3 PARIS PARIS NNP 7960 11159 4 The the DT 7960 11159 5 fame fame NN 7960 11159 6 of of IN 7960 11159 7 Abelard Abelard NNP 7960 11159 8 led lead VBD 7960 11159 9 to to IN 7960 11159 10 an an DT 7960 11159 11 increase increase NN 7960 11159 12 of of IN 7960 11159 13 masters master NNS 7960 11159 14 and and CC 7960 11159 15 students student NNS 7960 11159 16 at at IN 7960 11159 17 Paris Paris NNP 7960 11159 18 and and CC 7960 11159 19 so so RB 7960 11159 20 paved pave VBD 7960 11159 21 the the DT 7960 11159 22 way way NN 7960 11159 23 for for IN 7960 11159 24 the the DT 7960 11159 25 establishment establishment NN 7960 11159 26 of of IN 7960 11159 27 the the DT 7960 11159 28 university university NN 7960 11159 29 there there RB 7960 11159 30 , , , 7960 11159 31 later later RB 7960 11159 32 in in IN 7960 11159 33 the the DT 7960 11159 34 twelfth twelfth JJ 7960 11159 35 century century NN 7960 11159 36 . . . 7960 11160 1 Paris Paris NNP 7960 11160 2 soon soon RB 7960 11160 3 became become VBD 7960 11160 4 such such PDT 7960 11160 5 a a DT 7960 11160 6 center center NN 7960 11160 7 of of IN 7960 11160 8 learning learning NN 7960 11160 9 , , , 7960 11160 10 particularly particularly RB 7960 11160 11 in in IN 7960 11160 12 theology theology NN 7960 11160 13 and and CC 7960 11160 14 philosophy philosophy NN 7960 11160 15 , , , 7960 11160 16 that that IN 7960 11160 17 a a DT 7960 11160 18 medieval medieval JJ 7960 11160 19 writer writer NN 7960 11160 20 referred refer VBD 7960 11160 21 to to IN 7960 11160 22 it -PRON- PRP 7960 11160 23 as as IN 7960 11160 24 " " `` 7960 11160 25 the the DT 7960 11160 26 mill mill NN 7960 11160 27 where where WRB 7960 11160 28 the the DT 7960 11160 29 world world NN 7960 11160 30 's 's POS 7960 11160 31 corn corn NN 7960 11160 32 is be VBZ 7960 11160 33 ground ground NN 7960 11160 34 , , , 7960 11160 35 and and CC 7960 11160 36 the the DT 7960 11160 37 hearth hearth NN 7960 11160 38 where where WRB 7960 11160 39 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 11160 40 bread bread NN 7960 11160 41 is be VBZ 7960 11160 42 baked bake VBN 7960 11160 43 . . . 7960 11160 44 " " '' 7960 11161 1 The the DT 7960 11161 2 university university NN 7960 11161 3 of of IN 7960 11161 4 Paris Paris NNP 7960 11161 5 , , , 7960 11161 6 in in IN 7960 11161 7 the the DT 7960 11161 8 time time NN 7960 11161 9 of of IN 7960 11161 10 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 11161 11 greatest great JJS 7960 11161 12 prosperity prosperity NN 7960 11161 13 , , , 7960 11161 14 had have VBD 7960 11161 15 over over IN 7960 11161 16 five five CD 7960 11161 17 thousand thousand CD 7960 11161 18 students student NNS 7960 11161 19 . . . 7960 11162 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 11162 2 furnished furnish VBD 7960 11162 3 the the DT 7960 11162 4 model model NN 7960 11162 5 for for IN 7960 11162 6 the the DT 7960 11162 7 English English NNP 7960 11162 8 university university NN 7960 11162 9 of of IN 7960 11162 10 Oxford Oxford NNP 7960 11162 11 , , , 7960 11162 12 as as RB 7960 11162 13 well well RB 7960 11162 14 as as IN 7960 11162 15 for for IN 7960 11162 16 the the DT 7960 11162 17 learned learn VBN 7960 11162 18 institutions institution NNS 7960 11162 19 of of IN 7960 11162 20 Scotland Scotland NNP 7960 11162 21 , , , 7960 11162 22 Denmark Denmark NNP 7960 11162 23 , , , 7960 11162 24 Sweden Sweden NNP 7960 11162 25 , , , 7960 11162 26 and and CC 7960 11162 27 Germany Germany NNP 7960 11162 28 . . . 7960 11163 1 UNIVERSITY university NN 7960 11163 2 OF of IN 7960 11163 3 BOLOGNA bologna RB 7960 11163 4 The the DT 7960 11163 5 institutions institution NNS 7960 11163 6 of of IN 7960 11163 7 learning learn VBG 7960 11163 8 in in IN 7960 11163 9 southern southern JJ 7960 11163 10 Europe Europe NNP 7960 11163 11 were be VBD 7960 11163 12 modeled model VBN 7960 11163 13 , , , 7960 11163 14 more more RBR 7960 11163 15 or or CC 7960 11163 16 less less RBR 7960 11163 17 , , , 7960 11163 18 upon upon IN 7960 11163 19 the the DT 7960 11163 20 university university NN 7960 11163 21 of of IN 7960 11163 22 Bologna Bologna NNP 7960 11163 23 . . . 7960 11164 1 At at IN 7960 11164 2 this this DT 7960 11164 3 Italian italian JJ 7960 11164 4 city city NN 7960 11164 5 , , , 7960 11164 6 in in IN 7960 11164 7 the the DT 7960 11164 8 middle middle NN 7960 11164 9 of of IN 7960 11164 10 the the DT 7960 11164 11 twelfth twelfth JJ 7960 11164 12 century century NN 7960 11164 13 , , , 7960 11164 14 a a DT 7960 11164 15 celebrated celebrated JJ 7960 11164 16 teacher teacher NN 7960 11164 17 named name VBN 7960 11164 18 Irnerius Irnerius NNP 7960 11164 19 gathered gather VBD 7960 11164 20 about about IN 7960 11164 21 him -PRON- PRP 7960 11164 22 thousands thousand NNS 7960 11164 23 of of IN 7960 11164 24 pupils pupil NNS 7960 11164 25 for for IN 7960 11164 26 the the DT 7960 11164 27 study study NN 7960 11164 28 of of IN 7960 11164 29 the the DT 7960 11164 30 Justinian justinian JJ 7960 11164 31 code code NN 7960 11164 32 . . . 7960 11165 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 11165 2 19 19 CD 7960 11165 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 11165 4 The the DT 7960 11165 5 university university NN 7960 11165 6 developed develop VBD 7960 11165 7 out out IN 7960 11165 8 of of IN 7960 11165 9 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 11165 10 law law NN 7960 11165 11 school school NN 7960 11165 12 . . . 7960 11166 1 Bologna Bologna NNS 7960 11166 2 was be VBD 7960 11166 3 the the DT 7960 11166 4 center center NN 7960 11166 5 from from IN 7960 11166 6 which which WDT 7960 11166 7 the the DT 7960 11166 8 Roman roman JJ 7960 11166 9 system system NN 7960 11166 10 of of IN 7960 11166 11 jurisprudence jurisprudence NN 7960 11166 12 made make VBD 7960 11166 13 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 11166 14 way way NN 7960 11166 15 into into IN 7960 11166 16 France France NNP 7960 11166 17 , , , 7960 11166 18 Germany Germany NNP 7960 11166 19 , , , 7960 11166 20 and and CC 7960 11166 21 other other JJ 7960 11166 22 Continental continental JJ 7960 11166 23 countries country NNS 7960 11166 24 . . . 7960 11167 1 From from IN 7960 11167 2 Bologna Bologna NNPS 7960 11167 3 , , , 7960 11167 4 also also RB 7960 11167 5 , , , 7960 11167 6 came come VBD 7960 11167 7 the the DT 7960 11167 8 monk monk NN 7960 11167 9 Gratian Gratian NNP 7960 11167 10 , , , 7960 11167 11 who who WP 7960 11167 12 drew draw VBD 7960 11167 13 up up RP 7960 11167 14 the the DT 7960 11167 15 accepted accept VBN 7960 11167 16 text text NN 7960 11167 17 - - HYPH 7960 11167 18 book book NN 7960 11167 19 of of IN 7960 11167 20 canon canon NNP 7960 11167 21 law law NNP 7960 11167 22 , , , 7960 11167 23 as as IN 7960 11167 24 followed follow VBN 7960 11167 25 in in IN 7960 11167 26 all all DT 7960 11167 27 Church Church NNP 7960 11167 28 courts court NNS 7960 11167 29 . . . 7960 11168 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 11168 2 20 20 CD 7960 11168 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 11168 4 What what WP 7960 11168 5 Roman roman JJ 7960 11168 6 law law NN 7960 11168 7 was be VBD 7960 11168 8 to to IN 7960 11168 9 the the DT 7960 11168 10 Empire Empire NNP 7960 11168 11 canon canon NN 7960 11168 12 law law NN 7960 11168 13 was be VBD 7960 11168 14 to to IN 7960 11168 15 the the DT 7960 11168 16 Papacy Papacy NNP 7960 11168 17 . . . 7960 11169 1 UNIVERSITY UNIVERSITY NNP 7960 11169 2 ORGANIZATION organization NN 7960 11169 3 The the DT 7960 11169 4 word word NN 7960 11169 5 " " `` 7960 11169 6 university university NN 7960 11169 7 " " '' 7960 11169 8 [ [ -LRB- 7960 11169 9 21 21 CD 7960 11169 10 ] ] -RRB- 7960 11169 11 meant mean VBN 7960 11169 12 at at IN 7960 11169 13 first first RB 7960 11169 14 simply simply RB 7960 11169 15 a a DT 7960 11169 16 union union NN 7960 11169 17 or or CC 7960 11169 18 association association NN 7960 11169 19 . . . 7960 11170 1 In in IN 7960 11170 2 the the DT 7960 11170 3 Middle Middle NNP 7960 11170 4 Ages Ages NNPS 7960 11170 5 all all DT 7960 11170 6 artisans artisan NNS 7960 11170 7 were be VBD 7960 11170 8 organized organize VBN 7960 11170 9 in in IN 7960 11170 10 guilds guild NNS 7960 11170 11 , , , 7960 11170 12 [ [ -LRB- 7960 11170 13 22 22 CD 7960 11170 14 ] ] -RRB- 7960 11170 15 and and CC 7960 11170 16 when when WRB 7960 11170 17 masters master NNS 7960 11170 18 and and CC 7960 11170 19 pupils pupil NNS 7960 11170 20 associated associate VBD 7960 11170 21 themselves -PRON- PRP 7960 11170 22 for for IN 7960 11170 23 teaching teaching NN 7960 11170 24 and and CC 7960 11170 25 study study NN 7960 11170 26 they -PRON- PRP 7960 11170 27 naturally naturally RB 7960 11170 28 copied copy VBD 7960 11170 29 the the DT 7960 11170 30 guild guild NN 7960 11170 31 form form NN 7960 11170 32 . . . 7960 11171 1 This this DT 7960 11171 2 was be VBD 7960 11171 3 the the DT 7960 11171 4 more more RBR 7960 11171 5 necessary necessary JJ 7960 11171 6 since since IN 7960 11171 7 the the DT 7960 11171 8 student student NN 7960 11171 9 body body NN 7960 11171 10 included include VBD 7960 11171 11 so so RB 7960 11171 12 many many JJ 7960 11171 13 foreigners foreigner NNS 7960 11171 14 , , , 7960 11171 15 who who WP 7960 11171 16 found find VBD 7960 11171 17 protection protection NN 7960 11171 18 against against IN 7960 11171 19 annoyances annoyance NNS 7960 11171 20 only only RB 7960 11171 21 as as IN 7960 11171 22 members member NNS 7960 11171 23 of of IN 7960 11171 24 a a DT 7960 11171 25 guild guild NN 7960 11171 26 . . . 7960 11172 1 DEGREES degrees IN 7960 11172 2 Like like IN 7960 11172 3 a a DT 7960 11172 4 craft craft NN 7960 11172 5 guild guild NN 7960 11172 6 a a DT 7960 11172 7 university university NN 7960 11172 8 consisted consist VBN 7960 11172 9 of of IN 7960 11172 10 masters master NNS 7960 11172 11 ( ( -LRB- 7960 11172 12 the the DT 7960 11172 13 professors professor NNS 7960 11172 14 ) ) -RRB- 7960 11172 15 , , , 7960 11172 16 who who WP 7960 11172 17 had have VBD 7960 11172 18 the the DT 7960 11172 19 right right NN 7960 11172 20 to to TO 7960 11172 21 teach teach VB 7960 11172 22 , , , 7960 11172 23 and and CC 7960 11172 24 students student NNS 7960 11172 25 , , , 7960 11172 26 both both DT 7960 11172 27 elementary elementary JJ 7960 11172 28 and and CC 7960 11172 29 advanced advanced JJ 7960 11172 30 , , , 7960 11172 31 who who WP 7960 11172 32 corresponded correspond VBD 7960 11172 33 to to IN 7960 11172 34 apprentices apprentice NNS 7960 11172 35 and and CC 7960 11172 36 journeymen journeyman NNS 7960 11172 37 . . . 7960 11173 1 After after IN 7960 11173 2 several several JJ 7960 11173 3 years year NNS 7960 11173 4 of of IN 7960 11173 5 study study NN 7960 11173 6 a a DT 7960 11173 7 student student NN 7960 11173 8 who who WP 7960 11173 9 had have VBD 7960 11173 10 passed pass VBN 7960 11173 11 part part NN 7960 11173 12 of of IN 7960 11173 13 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 11173 14 examination examination NN 7960 11173 15 became become VBD 7960 11173 16 a a DT 7960 11173 17 " " `` 7960 11173 18 bachelor bachelor NN 7960 11173 19 of of IN 7960 11173 20 arts art NNS 7960 11173 21 " " '' 7960 11173 22 and and CC 7960 11173 23 might may MD 7960 11173 24 teach teach VB 7960 11173 25 certain certain JJ 7960 11173 26 elementary elementary JJ 7960 11173 27 subjects subject NNS 7960 11173 28 to to IN 7960 11173 29 those those DT 7960 11173 30 beneath beneath IN 7960 11173 31 him -PRON- PRP 7960 11173 32 . . . 7960 11174 1 Upon upon IN 7960 11174 2 the the DT 7960 11174 3 completion completion NN 7960 11174 4 of of IN 7960 11174 5 the the DT 7960 11174 6 full full JJ 7960 11174 7 course course NN 7960 11174 8 -- -- : 7960 11174 9 usually usually RB 7960 11174 10 six six CD 7960 11174 11 years year NNS 7960 11174 12 in in IN 7960 11174 13 length length NN 7960 11174 14 -- -- : 7960 11174 15 the the DT 7960 11174 16 bachelor bachelor NN 7960 11174 17 took take VBD 7960 11174 18 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 11174 19 final final JJ 7960 11174 20 examinations examination NNS 7960 11174 21 and and CC 7960 11174 22 , , , 7960 11174 23 if if IN 7960 11174 24 he -PRON- PRP 7960 11174 25 passed pass VBD 7960 11174 26 them -PRON- PRP 7960 11174 27 , , , 7960 11174 28 received receive VBD 7960 11174 29 the the DT 7960 11174 30 coveted coveted JJ 7960 11174 31 degree degree NN 7960 11174 32 of of IN 7960 11174 33 " " `` 7960 11174 34 master master NN 7960 11174 35 of of IN 7960 11174 36 arts art NNS 7960 11174 37 . . . 7960 11174 38 " " '' 7960 11175 1 But but CC 7960 11175 2 as as IN 7960 11175 3 is be VBZ 7960 11175 4 the the DT 7960 11175 5 case case NN 7960 11175 6 to to IN 7960 11175 7 - - HYPH 7960 11175 8 day day NN 7960 11175 9 , , , 7960 11175 10 many many JJ 7960 11175 11 who who WP 7960 11175 12 attended attend VBD 7960 11175 13 the the DT 7960 11175 14 universities university NNS 7960 11175 15 never never RB 7960 11175 16 took take VBD 7960 11175 17 a a DT 7960 11175 18 degree degree NN 7960 11175 19 at at RB 7960 11175 20 all all RB 7960 11175 21 . . . 7960 11176 1 THE the DT 7960 11176 2 TEACHERS teacher NNS 7960 11176 3 A a DT 7960 11176 4 university university NN 7960 11176 5 of of IN 7960 11176 6 the the DT 7960 11176 7 Middle Middle NNP 7960 11176 8 Ages Ages NNPS 7960 11176 9 did do VBD 7960 11176 10 not not RB 7960 11176 11 need need VB 7960 11176 12 an an DT 7960 11176 13 expensive expensive JJ 7960 11176 14 collection collection NN 7960 11176 15 of of IN 7960 11176 16 libraries library NNS 7960 11176 17 , , , 7960 11176 18 laboratories laboratory NNS 7960 11176 19 , , , 7960 11176 20 and and CC 7960 11176 21 museums museum NNS 7960 11176 22 . . . 7960 11177 1 Its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 11177 2 only only JJ 7960 11177 3 necessary necessary JJ 7960 11177 4 equipment equipment NN 7960 11177 5 consisted consist VBN 7960 11177 6 in in IN 7960 11177 7 lecture lecture NN 7960 11177 8 rooms room NNS 7960 11177 9 for for IN 7960 11177 10 the the DT 7960 11177 11 professors professor NNS 7960 11177 12 . . . 7960 11178 1 Not not RB 7960 11178 2 even even RB 7960 11178 3 benches bench NNS 7960 11178 4 or or CC 7960 11178 5 chairs chair NNS 7960 11178 6 were be VBD 7960 11178 7 required require VBN 7960 11178 8 . . . 7960 11179 1 Students student NNS 7960 11179 2 often often RB 7960 11179 3 sat sit VBD 7960 11179 4 on on IN 7960 11179 5 the the DT 7960 11179 6 straw straw NN 7960 11179 7 - - HYPH 7960 11179 8 strewn strew VBN 7960 11179 9 floors floor NNS 7960 11179 10 . . . 7960 11180 1 The the DT 7960 11180 2 high high JJ 7960 11180 3 price price NN 7960 11180 4 of of IN 7960 11180 5 manuscripts manuscript NNS 7960 11180 6 compelled compel VBN 7960 11180 7 professors professor NNS 7960 11180 8 to to TO 7960 11180 9 give give VB 7960 11180 10 all all DT 7960 11180 11 instruction instruction NN 7960 11180 12 by by IN 7960 11180 13 lectures lecture NNS 7960 11180 14 . . . 7960 11181 1 This this DT 7960 11181 2 method method NN 7960 11181 3 of of IN 7960 11181 4 teaching teaching NN 7960 11181 5 has have VBZ 7960 11181 6 been be VBN 7960 11181 7 retained retain VBN 7960 11181 8 in in IN 7960 11181 9 modern modern JJ 7960 11181 10 universities university NNS 7960 11181 11 , , , 7960 11181 12 since since IN 7960 11181 13 even even RB 7960 11181 14 the the DT 7960 11181 15 printed print VBN 7960 11181 16 book book NN 7960 11181 17 is be VBZ 7960 11181 18 a a DT 7960 11181 19 poor poor JJ 7960 11181 20 substitute substitute NN 7960 11181 21 for for IN 7960 11181 22 a a DT 7960 11181 23 scholar scholar NN 7960 11181 24 's 's POS 7960 11181 25 inspiring inspiring JJ 7960 11181 26 words word NNS 7960 11181 27 . . . 7960 11182 1 THE the DT 7960 11182 2 STUDENTS student NNS 7960 11182 3 The the DT 7960 11182 4 universities university NNS 7960 11182 5 being be VBG 7960 11182 6 under under IN 7960 11182 7 the the DT 7960 11182 8 protection protection NN 7960 11182 9 of of IN 7960 11182 10 the the DT 7960 11182 11 Church Church NNP 7960 11182 12 , , , 7960 11182 13 it -PRON- PRP 7960 11182 14 was be VBD 7960 11182 15 natural natural JJ 7960 11182 16 that that IN 7960 11182 17 those those DT 7960 11182 18 who who WP 7960 11182 19 attended attend VBD 7960 11182 20 them -PRON- PRP 7960 11182 21 should should MD 7960 11182 22 possess possess VB 7960 11182 23 some some DT 7960 11182 24 of of IN 7960 11182 25 the the DT 7960 11182 26 privileges privilege NNS 7960 11182 27 of of IN 7960 11182 28 clergymen clergyman NNS 7960 11182 29 . . . 7960 11183 1 Students student NNS 7960 11183 2 were be VBD 7960 11183 3 not not RB 7960 11183 4 required require VBN 7960 11183 5 to to TO 7960 11183 6 pay pay VB 7960 11183 7 taxes taxis NNS 7960 11183 8 or or CC 7960 11183 9 to to TO 7960 11183 10 serve serve VB 7960 11183 11 in in IN 7960 11183 12 the the DT 7960 11183 13 army army NN 7960 11183 14 . . . 7960 11184 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 11184 2 also also RB 7960 11184 3 enjoyed enjoy VBD 7960 11184 4 the the DT 7960 11184 5 right right NN 7960 11184 6 of of IN 7960 11184 7 trial trial NN 7960 11184 8 in in IN 7960 11184 9 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 11184 10 own own JJ 7960 11184 11 courts court NNS 7960 11184 12 . . . 7960 11185 1 This this DT 7960 11185 2 was be VBD 7960 11185 3 an an DT 7960 11185 4 especially especially RB 7960 11185 5 valuable valuable JJ 7960 11185 6 privilege privilege NN 7960 11185 7 , , , 7960 11185 8 for for IN 7960 11185 9 medieval medieval JJ 7960 11185 10 students student NNS 7960 11185 11 were be VBD 7960 11185 12 constantly constantly RB 7960 11185 13 getting get VBG 7960 11185 14 into into IN 7960 11185 15 trouble trouble NN 7960 11185 16 with with IN 7960 11185 17 the the DT 7960 11185 18 city city NN 7960 11185 19 authorities authority NNS 7960 11185 20 . . . 7960 11186 1 The the DT 7960 11186 2 sober sober JJ 7960 11186 3 annals annal NNS 7960 11186 4 of of IN 7960 11186 5 many many JJ 7960 11186 6 a a DT 7960 11186 7 university university NN 7960 11186 8 are be VBP 7960 11186 9 relieved relieve VBN 7960 11186 10 by by IN 7960 11186 11 tales tale NNS 7960 11186 12 of of IN 7960 11186 13 truly truly RB 7960 11186 14 Homeric Homeric NNP 7960 11186 15 conflicts conflict NNS 7960 11186 16 between between IN 7960 11186 17 Town Town NNP 7960 11186 18 and and CC 7960 11186 19 Gown Gown NNP 7960 11186 20 . . . 7960 11187 1 When when WRB 7960 11187 2 the the DT 7960 11187 3 students student NNS 7960 11187 4 were be VBD 7960 11187 5 dissatisfied dissatisfied JJ 7960 11187 6 with with IN 7960 11187 7 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 11187 8 treatment treatment NN 7960 11187 9 in in IN 7960 11187 10 one one CD 7960 11187 11 place place NN 7960 11187 12 , , , 7960 11187 13 it -PRON- PRP 7960 11187 14 was be VBD 7960 11187 15 always always RB 7960 11187 16 easy easy JJ 7960 11187 17 for for IN 7960 11187 18 them -PRON- PRP 7960 11187 19 to to TO 7960 11187 20 go go VB 7960 11187 21 to to IN 7960 11187 22 another another DT 7960 11187 23 university university NN 7960 11187 24 . . . 7960 11188 1 Sometimes sometimes RB 7960 11188 2 masters master NNS 7960 11188 3 and and CC 7960 11188 4 scholars scholar NNS 7960 11188 5 made make VBN 7960 11188 6 off off RP 7960 11188 7 in in IN 7960 11188 8 a a DT 7960 11188 9 body body NN 7960 11188 10 . . . 7960 11189 1 Oxford Oxford NNP 7960 11189 2 appears appear VBZ 7960 11189 3 to to TO 7960 11189 4 have have VB 7960 11189 5 owed owe VBN 7960 11189 6 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 11189 7 existence existence NN 7960 11189 8 to to IN 7960 11189 9 a a DT 7960 11189 10 large large JJ 7960 11189 11 migration migration NN 7960 11189 12 of of IN 7960 11189 13 English english JJ 7960 11189 14 students student NNS 7960 11189 15 from from IN 7960 11189 16 Paris Paris NNP 7960 11189 17 , , , 7960 11189 18 Cambridge Cambridge NNP 7960 11189 19 arose arise VBD 7960 11189 20 as as IN 7960 11189 21 the the DT 7960 11189 22 result result NN 7960 11189 23 of of IN 7960 11189 24 a a DT 7960 11189 25 migration migration NN 7960 11189 26 from from IN 7960 11189 27 Oxford Oxford NNP 7960 11189 28 , , , 7960 11189 29 and and CC 7960 11189 30 the the DT 7960 11189 31 German german JJ 7960 11189 32 university university NN 7960 11189 33 of of IN 7960 11189 34 Leipzig Leipzig NNP 7960 11189 35 sprang spring VBD 7960 11189 36 from from IN 7960 11189 37 that that DT 7960 11189 38 of of IN 7960 11189 39 Prague Prague NNP 7960 11189 40 in in IN 7960 11189 41 Bohemia Bohemia NNP 7960 11189 42 . . . 7960 11190 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 11190 2 Illustration illustration NN 7960 11190 3 : : : 7960 11190 4 VIEW VIEW NNP 7960 11190 5 OF of IN 7960 11190 6 NEW NEW NNP 7960 11190 7 COLLEGE COLLEGE NNP 7960 11190 8 , , , 7960 11190 9 OXFORD OXFORD NNP 7960 11190 10 New New NNP 7960 11190 11 College College NNP 7960 11190 12 , , , 7960 11190 13 despite despite IN 7960 11190 14 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 11190 15 name name NN 7960 11190 16 , , , 7960 11190 17 is be VBZ 7960 11190 18 one one CD 7960 11190 19 of of IN 7960 11190 20 the the DT 7960 11190 21 oldest old JJS 7960 11190 22 of of IN 7960 11190 23 the the DT 7960 11190 24 Oxford Oxford NNP 7960 11190 25 collegiate collegiate NN 7960 11190 26 foundations foundation NNS 7960 11190 27 . . . 7960 11191 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 11191 2 was be VBD 7960 11191 3 established establish VBN 7960 11191 4 in in IN 7960 11191 5 1379 1379 CD 7960 11191 6 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 11191 7 by by IN 7960 11191 8 William William NNP 7960 11191 9 of of IN 7960 11191 10 Wykeham Wykeham NNP 7960 11191 11 . . . 7960 11192 1 The the DT 7960 11192 2 illustration illustration NN 7960 11192 3 shows show VBZ 7960 11192 4 the the DT 7960 11192 5 chapel chapel NN 7960 11192 6 , , , 7960 11192 7 the the DT 7960 11192 8 cloisters cloister NNS 7960 11192 9 consecrated consecrate VBD 7960 11192 10 in in IN 7960 11192 11 1400 1400 CD 7960 11192 12 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 11192 13 , , , 7960 11192 14 and and CC 7960 11192 15 the the DT 7960 11192 16 detached detached JJ 7960 11192 17 tower tower NN 7960 11192 18 , , , 7960 11192 19 a a DT 7960 11192 20 tall tall JJ 7960 11192 21 , , , 7960 11192 22 massive massive JJ 7960 11192 23 structure structure NN 7960 11192 24 on on IN 7960 11192 25 the the DT 7960 11192 26 line line NN 7960 11192 27 of of IN 7960 11192 28 the the DT 7960 11192 29 city city NN 7960 11192 30 wall wall NN 7960 11192 31 . . . 7960 11192 32 ] ] -RRB- 7960 11193 1 COLLEGES college VBN 7960 11193 2 The the DT 7960 11193 3 members member NNS 7960 11193 4 of of IN 7960 11193 5 a a DT 7960 11193 6 university university NN 7960 11193 7 usually usually RB 7960 11193 8 lived live VBD 7960 11193 9 in in IN 7960 11193 10 a a DT 7960 11193 11 number number NN 7960 11193 12 of of IN 7960 11193 13 colleges college NNS 7960 11193 14 . . . 7960 11194 1 These these DT 7960 11194 2 seem seem VBP 7960 11194 3 to to TO 7960 11194 4 have have VB 7960 11194 5 been be VBN 7960 11194 6 at at IN 7960 11194 7 first first JJ 7960 11194 8 little little JJ 7960 11194 9 more more JJR 7960 11194 10 than than IN 7960 11194 11 lodging lodging NN 7960 11194 12 - - HYPH 7960 11194 13 houses house NNS 7960 11194 14 , , , 7960 11194 15 where where WRB 7960 11194 16 poor poor JJ 7960 11194 17 students student NNS 7960 11194 18 were be VBD 7960 11194 19 cared care VBN 7960 11194 20 for for IN 7960 11194 21 at at IN 7960 11194 22 the the DT 7960 11194 23 expense expense NN 7960 11194 24 of of IN 7960 11194 25 some some DT 7960 11194 26 benefactor benefactor NN 7960 11194 27 . . . 7960 11195 1 In in IN 7960 11195 2 time time NN 7960 11195 3 , , , 7960 11195 4 however however RB 7960 11195 5 , , , 7960 11195 6 as as IN 7960 11195 7 the the DT 7960 11195 8 colleges college NNS 7960 11195 9 increased increase VBD 7960 11195 10 in in IN 7960 11195 11 wealth wealth NN 7960 11195 12 , , , 7960 11195 13 through through IN 7960 11195 14 the the DT 7960 11195 15 gifts gift NNS 7960 11195 16 made make VBN 7960 11195 17 to to IN 7960 11195 18 them -PRON- PRP 7960 11195 19 , , , 7960 11195 20 they -PRON- PRP 7960 11195 21 became become VBD 7960 11195 22 centers center NNS 7960 11195 23 of of IN 7960 11195 24 instruction instruction NN 7960 11195 25 under under IN 7960 11195 26 the the DT 7960 11195 27 direction direction NN 7960 11195 28 of of IN 7960 11195 29 masters master NNS 7960 11195 30 . . . 7960 11196 1 At at IN 7960 11196 2 Oxford Oxford NNP 7960 11196 3 and and CC 7960 11196 4 Cambridge Cambridge NNP 7960 11196 5 , , , 7960 11196 6 where where WRB 7960 11196 7 the the DT 7960 11196 8 collegiate collegiate JJ 7960 11196 9 system system NN 7960 11196 10 has have VBZ 7960 11196 11 been be VBN 7960 11196 12 retained retain VBN 7960 11196 13 to to IN 7960 11196 14 the the DT 7960 11196 15 present present JJ 7960 11196 16 time time NN 7960 11196 17 , , , 7960 11196 18 each each DT 7960 11196 19 college college NN 7960 11196 20 has have VBZ 7960 11196 21 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 11196 22 separate separate JJ 7960 11196 23 buildings building NNS 7960 11196 24 and and CC 7960 11196 25 enjoys enjoy VBZ 7960 11196 26 the the DT 7960 11196 27 privilege privilege NN 7960 11196 28 of of IN 7960 11196 29 self self NN 7960 11196 30 - - HYPH 7960 11196 31 government government NN 7960 11196 32 . . . 7960 11197 1 FACULTIES FACULTIES NNP 7960 11197 2 The the DT 7960 11197 3 studies study NNS 7960 11197 4 in in IN 7960 11197 5 a a DT 7960 11197 6 medieval medieval JJ 7960 11197 7 university university NN 7960 11197 8 were be VBD 7960 11197 9 grouped group VBN 7960 11197 10 under under IN 7960 11197 11 the the DT 7960 11197 12 four four CD 7960 11197 13 faculties faculty NNS 7960 11197 14 of of IN 7960 11197 15 arts art NNS 7960 11197 16 , , , 7960 11197 17 theology theology NN 7960 11197 18 , , , 7960 11197 19 law law NN 7960 11197 20 , , , 7960 11197 21 and and CC 7960 11197 22 medicine medicine NN 7960 11197 23 . . . 7960 11198 1 The the DT 7960 11198 2 first first RB 7960 11198 3 - - HYPH 7960 11198 4 named name VBN 7960 11198 5 faculty faculty NN 7960 11198 6 taught teach VBD 7960 11198 7 the the DT 7960 11198 8 " " `` 7960 11198 9 seven seven CD 7960 11198 10 liberal liberal JJ 7960 11198 11 arts art NNS 7960 11198 12 , , , 7960 11198 13 " " '' 7960 11198 14 that that RB 7960 11198 15 is is RB 7960 11198 16 , , , 7960 11198 17 grammar grammar NN 7960 11198 18 , , , 7960 11198 19 rhetoric rhetoric NN 7960 11198 20 , , , 7960 11198 21 logic logic NN 7960 11198 22 , , , 7960 11198 23 arithmetic arithmetic JJ 7960 11198 24 , , , 7960 11198 25 geometry geometry NN 7960 11198 26 , , , 7960 11198 27 astronomy astronomy NN 7960 11198 28 , , , 7960 11198 29 and and CC 7960 11198 30 music music NN 7960 11198 31 . . . 7960 11199 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 11199 2 formed form VBD 7960 11199 3 a a DT 7960 11199 4 legacy legacy NN 7960 11199 5 from from IN 7960 11199 6 old old JJ 7960 11199 7 Roman roman JJ 7960 11199 8 education education NN 7960 11199 9 . . . 7960 11200 1 Theology theology NN 7960 11200 2 , , , 7960 11200 3 law law NN 7960 11200 4 , , , 7960 11200 5 and and CC 7960 11200 6 medicine medicine NN 7960 11200 7 then then RB 7960 11200 8 , , , 7960 11200 9 as as RB 7960 11200 10 now now RB 7960 11200 11 , , , 7960 11200 12 were be VBD 7960 11200 13 professional professional JJ 7960 11200 14 studies study NNS 7960 11200 15 , , , 7960 11200 16 taken take VBN 7960 11200 17 up up RP 7960 11200 18 after after IN 7960 11200 19 the the DT 7960 11200 20 completion completion NN 7960 11200 21 of of IN 7960 11200 22 the the DT 7960 11200 23 Arts Arts NNP 7960 11200 24 course course NN 7960 11200 25 . . . 7960 11201 1 Owing owe VBG 7960 11201 2 to to IN 7960 11201 3 the the DT 7960 11201 4 constant constant JJ 7960 11201 5 movement movement NN 7960 11201 6 of of IN 7960 11201 7 students student NNS 7960 11201 8 from from IN 7960 11201 9 one one CD 7960 11201 10 university university NN 7960 11201 11 to to IN 7960 11201 12 another another DT 7960 11201 13 , , , 7960 11201 14 each each DT 7960 11201 15 institution institution NN 7960 11201 16 tended tend VBD 7960 11201 17 to to TO 7960 11201 18 specialize specialize VB 7960 11201 19 in in IN 7960 11201 20 one one CD 7960 11201 21 or or CC 7960 11201 22 more more JJR 7960 11201 23 subjects subject NNS 7960 11201 24 . . . 7960 11202 1 Thus thus RB 7960 11202 2 , , , 7960 11202 3 Paris Paris NNP 7960 11202 4 came come VBD 7960 11202 5 to to TO 7960 11202 6 be be VB 7960 11202 7 noted note VBN 7960 11202 8 for for IN 7960 11202 9 theology theology NN 7960 11202 10 , , , 7960 11202 11 Montpellier Montpellier NNP 7960 11202 12 , , , 7960 11202 13 Padua Padua NNP 7960 11202 14 , , , 7960 11202 15 and and CC 7960 11202 16 Salerno Salerno NNP 7960 11202 17 for for IN 7960 11202 18 medicine medicine NN 7960 11202 19 , , , 7960 11202 20 and and CC 7960 11202 21 Orléans Orléans NNPS 7960 11202 22 , , , 7960 11202 23 Bologna Bologna NNPS 7960 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A.D. NNP 7960 11205 5 ; ; , 7960 11205 6 completed complete VBN 7960 11205 7 in in IN 7960 11205 8 1505 1505 CD 7960 11205 9 A.D. A.D. 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A.D. NNP 7960 11215 9 , , , 7960 11215 10 but but CC 7960 11215 11 was be VBD 7960 11215 12 not not RB 7960 11215 13 completed complete VBN 7960 11215 14 until until IN 7960 11215 15 nearly nearly RB 7960 11215 16 seventy seventy CD 7960 11215 17 years year NNS 7960 11215 18 later later RB 7960 11215 19 . . . 7960 11216 1 The the DT 7960 11216 2 finest fine JJS 7960 11216 3 features feature NNS 7960 11216 4 of of IN 7960 11216 5 the the DT 7960 11216 6 interior interior NNP 7960 11216 7 are be VBP 7960 11216 8 the the DT 7960 11216 9 fan fan NN 7960 11216 10 vaulting vaulting NN 7960 11216 11 which which WDT 7960 11216 12 extends extend VBZ 7960 11216 13 throughout throughout IN 7960 11216 14 the the DT 7960 11216 15 chapel chapel NN 7960 11216 16 , , , 7960 11216 17 the the DT 7960 11216 18 stained stain VBN 7960 11216 19 - - HYPH 7960 11216 20 glass glass NN 7960 11216 21 windows window NNS 7960 11216 22 , , , 7960 11216 23 and and CC 7960 11216 24 the the DT 7960 11216 25 wooden wooden 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NNP 7960 11237 1 There there EX 7960 11237 2 were be VBD 7960 11237 3 many many JJ 7960 11237 4 famous famous JJ 7960 11237 5 scholastics scholastic NNS 7960 11237 6 , , , 7960 11237 7 or or CC 7960 11237 8 " " `` 7960 11237 9 schoolmen schoolman NNS 7960 11237 10 , , , 7960 11237 11 " " '' 7960 11237 12 but but CC 7960 11237 13 easily easily RB 7960 11237 14 the the DT 7960 11237 15 foremost foremost JJS 7960 11237 16 among among IN 7960 11237 17 them -PRON- PRP 7960 11237 18 was be VBD 7960 11237 19 the the DT 7960 11237 20 Italian italian JJ 7960 11237 21 monk monk NN 7960 11237 22 , , , 7960 11237 23 Thomas Thomas NNP 7960 11237 24 Aquinas Aquinas NNP 7960 11237 25 . . . 7960 11238 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 11238 2 taught teach VBD 7960 11238 3 at at IN 7960 11238 4 Paris Paris NNP 7960 11238 5 , , , 7960 11238 6 Cologne Cologne NNP 7960 11238 7 , , , 7960 11238 8 Rome Rome NNP 7960 11238 9 , , , 7960 11238 10 and and CC 7960 11238 11 Bologna Bologna NNPS 7960 11238 12 , , , 7960 11238 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NNP 7960 11240 3 Summa Summa NNP 7960 11240 4 Theologiae Theologiae NNP 7960 11240 5 _ _ NNP 7960 11240 6 ( ( -LRB- 7960 11240 7 " " `` 7960 11240 8 Compendium Compendium NNP 7960 11240 9 of of IN 7960 11240 10 Theology Theology NNP 7960 11240 11 " " '' 7960 11240 12 ) ) -RRB- 7960 11240 13 , , , 7960 11240 14 as as IN 7960 11240 15 the the DT 7960 11240 16 name name NN 7960 11240 17 indicates indicate VBZ 7960 11240 18 , , , 7960 11240 19 gathered gather VBD 7960 11240 20 up up RP 7960 11240 21 all all DT 7960 11240 22 that that WDT 7960 11240 23 the the DT 7960 11240 24 Middle Middle NNP 7960 11240 25 Ages Ages NNPS 7960 11240 26 believed believe VBD 7960 11240 27 of of IN 7960 11240 28 the the DT 7960 11240 29 relations relation NNS 7960 11240 30 between between IN 7960 11240 31 God God NNP 7960 11240 32 and and CC 7960 11240 33 man man NN 7960 11240 34 . . . 7960 11241 1 The the DT 7960 11241 2 Roman Roman NNP 7960 11241 3 Church Church NNP 7960 11241 4 has have VBZ 7960 11241 5 placed place VBN 7960 11241 6 him -PRON- PRP 7960 11241 7 among among IN 7960 11241 8 her -PRON- PRP$ 7960 11241 9 saints saint NNS 7960 11241 10 and and CC 7960 11241 11 still still RB 7960 11241 12 recommends recommend VBZ 7960 11241 13 the the DT 7960 11241 14 study study NN 7960 11241 15 of of IN 7960 11241 16 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 11241 17 writings writing NNS 7960 11241 18 as as IN 7960 11241 19 the the DT 7960 11241 20 foundation foundation NN 7960 11241 21 of of IN 7960 11241 22 all all DT 7960 11241 23 sound sound JJ 7960 11241 24 theology theology NN 7960 11241 25 . . . 7960 11242 1 THE the DT 7960 11242 2 SCHOLASTIC SCHOLASTIC NNP 7960 11242 3 METHOD METHOD NNP 7960 11242 4 Enough Enough NNP 7960 11242 5 has have VBZ 7960 11242 6 been be VBN 7960 11242 7 said say VBN 7960 11242 8 to to TO 7960 11242 9 show show VB 7960 11242 10 that that IN 7960 11242 11 the the DT 7960 11242 12 method method NN 7960 11242 13 of of IN 7960 11242 14 study study NN 7960 11242 15 in in IN 7960 11242 16 medieval medieval JJ 7960 11242 17 universities university NNS 7960 11242 18 was be VBD 7960 11242 19 not not RB 7960 11242 20 that that DT 7960 11242 21 which which WDT 7960 11242 22 generally generally RB 7960 11242 23 obtains obtain VBZ 7960 11242 24 to to IN 7960 11242 25 - - HYPH 7960 11242 26 day day NN 7960 11242 27 . . . 7960 11243 1 There there EX 7960 11243 2 was be VBD 7960 11243 3 almost almost RB 7960 11243 4 no no DT 7960 11243 5 original original JJ 7960 11243 6 research research NN 7960 11243 7 . . . 7960 11244 1 Law law NN 7960 11244 2 students student NNS 7960 11244 3 memorized memorize VBD 7960 11244 4 the the DT 7960 11244 5 Justinian justinian JJ 7960 11244 6 code code NN 7960 11244 7 . . . 7960 11245 1 Medical medical JJ 7960 11245 2 students student NNS 7960 11245 3 learned learn VBD 7960 11245 4 anatomy anatomy NN 7960 11245 5 and and CC 7960 11245 6 physiology physiology NN 7960 11245 7 from from IN 7960 11245 8 old old JJ 7960 11245 9 Greek greek JJ 7960 11245 10 books book NNS 7960 11245 11 , , , 7960 11245 12 instead instead RB 7960 11245 13 of of IN 7960 11245 14 in in IN 7960 11245 15 the the DT 7960 11245 16 dissecting dissecting NN 7960 11245 17 room room NN 7960 11245 18 . . . 7960 11246 1 Theologians theologian NNS 7960 11246 2 and and CC 7960 11246 3 philosophers philosopher NNS 7960 11246 4 went go VBD 7960 11246 5 to to IN 7960 11246 6 the the DT 7960 11246 7 Bible Bible NNP 7960 11246 8 , , , 7960 11246 9 the the DT 7960 11246 10 Church Church NNP 7960 11246 11 Fathers father NNS 7960 11246 12 , , , 7960 11246 13 or or CC 7960 11246 14 Aristotle Aristotle NNP 7960 11246 15 for for IN 7960 11246 16 the the DT 7960 11246 17 solution solution NN 7960 11246 18 of of IN 7960 11246 19 all all DT 7960 11246 20 problems problem NNS 7960 11246 21 . . . 7960 11247 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 11247 2 often often RB 7960 11247 3 debated debate VBD 7960 11247 4 the the DT 7960 11247 5 most most RBS 7960 11247 6 subtle subtle JJ 7960 11247 7 questions question NNS 7960 11247 8 , , , 7960 11247 9 for for IN 7960 11247 10 instance instance NN 7960 11247 11 , , , 7960 11247 12 " " `` 7960 11247 13 Can Can MD 7960 11247 14 God God NNP 7960 11247 15 ever ever RB 7960 11247 16 know know VBP 7960 11247 17 more more JJR 7960 11247 18 than than IN 7960 11247 19 He -PRON- PRP 7960 11247 20 knows know VBZ 7960 11247 21 that that IN 7960 11247 22 He -PRON- PRP 7960 11247 23 knows know VBZ 7960 11247 24 ? ? . 7960 11247 25 " " '' 7960 11248 1 Mental mental JJ 7960 11248 2 gymnastics gymnastic NNS 7960 11248 3 of of IN 7960 11248 4 this this DT 7960 11248 5 sort sort NN 7960 11248 6 furnished furnish VBD 7960 11248 7 a a DT 7960 11248 8 good good JJ 7960 11248 9 training training NN 7960 11248 10 in in IN 7960 11248 11 logic logic NN 7960 11248 12 , , , 7960 11248 13 but but CC 7960 11248 14 added add VBD 7960 11248 15 nothing nothing NN 7960 11248 16 to to IN 7960 11248 17 the the DT 7960 11248 18 sum sum NN 7960 11248 19 of of IN 7960 11248 20 human human JJ 7960 11248 21 knowledge knowledge NN 7960 11248 22 . . . 7960 11249 1 Scholasticism scholasticism NN 7960 11249 2 , , , 7960 11249 3 accordingly accordingly RB 7960 11249 4 , , , 7960 11249 5 fell fall VBD 7960 11249 6 into into IN 7960 11249 7 disrepute disrepute JJ 7960 11249 8 , , , 7960 11249 9 in in IN 7960 11249 10 proportion proportion NN 7960 11249 11 as as IN 7960 11249 12 men man NNS 7960 11249 13 began begin VBD 7960 11249 14 to to TO 7960 11249 15 substitute substitute VB 7960 11249 16 scientific scientific JJ 7960 11249 17 observation observation NN 7960 11249 18 and and CC 7960 11249 19 experiment experiment NN 7960 11249 20 for for IN 7960 11249 21 speculation speculation NN 7960 11249 22 . . . 7960 11250 1 205 205 CD 7960 11250 2 . . . 7960 11251 1 SCIENCE science NN 7960 11251 2 AND and CC 7960 11251 3 MAGIC magic NN 7960 11251 4 SCIENTIFIC scientific JJ 7960 11251 5 INVENTIONS INVENTIONS NNP 7960 11251 6 Not not RB 7960 11251 7 all all DT 7960 11251 8 medieval medieval JJ 7960 11251 9 learning learning NN 7960 11251 10 took take VBD 7960 11251 11 the the DT 7960 11251 12 form form NN 7960 11251 13 of of IN 7960 11251 14 scholasticism scholasticism NN 7960 11251 15 . . . 7960 11252 1 The the DT 7960 11252 2 twelfth twelfth JJ 7960 11252 3 and and CC 7960 11252 4 thirteenth thirteenth JJ 7960 11252 5 centuries century NNS 7960 11252 6 were be VBD 7960 11252 7 marked mark VBN 7960 11252 8 by by IN 7960 11252 9 a a DT 7960 11252 10 healthy healthy JJ 7960 11252 11 interest interest NN 7960 11252 12 in in IN 7960 11252 13 science science NN 7960 11252 14 . . . 7960 11253 1 Long long JJ 7960 11253 2 encyclopedias encyclopedia NNS 7960 11253 3 , , , 7960 11253 4 written write VBN 7960 11253 5 in in IN 7960 11253 6 Latin Latin NNP 7960 11253 7 , , , 7960 11253 8 collected collect VBD 7960 11253 9 all all DT 7960 11253 10 available available JJ 7960 11253 11 information information NN 7960 11253 12 about about IN 7960 11253 13 the the DT 7960 11253 14 natural natural JJ 7960 11253 15 world world NN 7960 11253 16 . . . 7960 11254 1 The the DT 7960 11254 2 study study NN 7960 11254 3 of of IN 7960 11254 4 physics physics NN 7960 11254 5 made make VBD 7960 11254 6 conspicuous conspicuous JJ 7960 11254 7 progress progress NN 7960 11254 8 , , , 7960 11254 9 partly partly RB 7960 11254 10 as as IN 7960 11254 11 a a DT 7960 11254 12 result result NN 7960 11254 13 of of IN 7960 11254 14 Arab arab JJ 7960 11254 15 influence influence NN 7960 11254 16 . . . 7960 11255 1 Various various JJ 7960 11255 2 scientific scientific JJ 7960 11255 3 inventions invention NNS 7960 11255 4 , , , 7960 11255 5 including include VBG 7960 11255 6 magnifying magnify VBG 7960 11255 7 glasses glass NNS 7960 11255 8 and and CC 7960 11255 9 clocks clock NNS 7960 11255 10 , , , 7960 11255 11 were be VBD 7960 11255 12 worked work VBN 7960 11255 13 out out RP 7960 11255 14 . . . 7960 11256 1 The the DT 7960 11256 2 mariner mariner NN 7960 11256 3 's 's POS 7960 11256 4 compass compass NN 7960 11256 5 , , , 7960 11256 6 perhaps perhaps RB 7960 11256 7 derived derive VBN 7960 11256 8 from from IN 7960 11256 9 the the DT 7960 11256 10 Arabs Arabs NNPS 7960 11256 11 , , , 7960 11256 12 also also RB 7960 11256 13 came come VBD 7960 11256 14 into into IN 7960 11256 15 general general JJ 7960 11256 16 use use NN 7960 11256 17 . . . 7960 11257 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 11257 2 25 25 CD 7960 11257 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 11257 4 ROGER ROGER NNP 7960 11257 5 BACON BACON NNP 7960 11257 6 , , , 7960 11257 7 ABOUT about RB 7960 11257 8 1214 1214 CD 7960 11257 9 - - SYM 7960 11257 10 1294 1294 CD 7960 11257 11 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 11257 12 As as IN 7960 11257 13 representative representative NN 7960 11257 14 of of IN 7960 11257 15 this this DT 7960 11257 16 scientific scientific JJ 7960 11257 17 interest interest NN 7960 11257 18 we -PRON- PRP 7960 11257 19 may may MD 7960 11257 20 take take VB 7960 11257 21 the the DT 7960 11257 22 Englishman Englishman NNP 7960 11257 23 , , , 7960 11257 24 Roger Roger NNP 7960 11257 25 Bacon Bacon NNP 7960 11257 26 . . . 7960 11258 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 11258 2 studied study VBD 7960 11258 3 at at IN 7960 11258 4 Paris Paris NNP 7960 11258 5 , , , 7960 11258 6 where where WRB 7960 11258 7 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 11258 8 attainments attainment NNS 7960 11258 9 secured secure VBD 7960 11258 10 for for IN 7960 11258 11 him -PRON- PRP 7960 11258 12 the the DT 7960 11258 13 title title NN 7960 11258 14 of of IN 7960 11258 15 the the DT 7960 11258 16 " " `` 7960 11258 17 Wonderful wonderful JJ 7960 11258 18 Doctor doctor NN 7960 11258 19 , , , 7960 11258 20 " " '' 7960 11258 21 and and CC 7960 11258 22 lectured lecture VBD 7960 11258 23 at at IN 7960 11258 24 Oxford Oxford NNP 7960 11258 25 . . . 7960 11259 1 At at IN 7960 11259 2 a a DT 7960 11259 3 period period NN 7960 11259 4 when when WRB 7960 11259 5 Aristotle Aristotle NNP 7960 11259 6 's 's POS 7960 11259 7 influence influence NN 7960 11259 8 was be VBD 7960 11259 9 unbounded unbounded JJ 7960 11259 10 , , , 7960 11259 11 Bacon Bacon NNP 7960 11259 12 turned turn VBD 7960 11259 13 away away RB 7960 11259 14 from from IN 7960 11259 15 scholastic scholastic JJ 7960 11259 16 philosophy philosophy NN 7960 11259 17 to to IN 7960 11259 18 mathematics mathematic NNS 7960 11259 19 and and CC 7960 11259 20 the the DT 7960 11259 21 sciences science NNS 7960 11259 22 . . . 7960 11260 1 No no DT 7960 11260 2 great great JJ 7960 11260 3 discoveries discovery NNS 7960 11260 4 were be VBD 7960 11260 5 made make VBN 7960 11260 6 by by IN 7960 11260 7 him -PRON- PRP 7960 11260 8 , , , 7960 11260 9 but but CC 7960 11260 10 it -PRON- PRP 7960 11260 11 is be VBZ 7960 11260 12 interesting interesting JJ 7960 11260 13 to to TO 7960 11260 14 read read VB 7960 11260 15 a a DT 7960 11260 16 passage passage NN 7960 11260 17 in in IN 7960 11260 18 one one CD 7960 11260 19 of of IN 7960 11260 20 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 11260 21 works work NNS 7960 11260 22 where where WRB 7960 11260 23 some some DT 7960 11260 24 modern modern JJ 7960 11260 25 inventions invention NNS 7960 11260 26 are be VBP 7960 11260 27 distinctly distinctly RB 7960 11260 28 foreseen foresee VBN 7960 11260 29 . . . 7960 11261 1 In in IN 7960 11261 2 time time NN 7960 11261 3 , , , 7960 11261 4 he -PRON- PRP 7960 11261 5 wrote write VBD 7960 11261 6 , , , 7960 11261 7 ships ship NNS 7960 11261 8 will will MD 7960 11261 9 be be VB 7960 11261 10 moved move VBN 7960 11261 11 without without IN 7960 11261 12 rowers rower NNS 7960 11261 13 , , , 7960 11261 14 and and CC 7960 11261 15 carriages carriage NNS 7960 11261 16 will will MD 7960 11261 17 be be VB 7960 11261 18 propelled propel VBN 7960 11261 19 without without IN 7960 11261 20 animals animal NNS 7960 11261 21 to to TO 7960 11261 22 draw draw VB 7960 11261 23 them -PRON- PRP 7960 11261 24 . . . 7960 11262 1 Machines machine NNS 7960 11262 2 for for IN 7960 11262 3 flying flying NN 7960 11262 4 will will MD 7960 11262 5 also also RB 7960 11262 6 be be VB 7960 11262 7 constructed construct VBN 7960 11262 8 , , , 7960 11262 9 " " '' 7960 11262 10 wherein wherein WRB 7960 11262 11 a a DT 7960 11262 12 man man NN 7960 11262 13 sits sit VBZ 7960 11262 14 revolving revolve VBG 7960 11262 15 some some DT 7960 11262 16 engine engine NN 7960 11262 17 by by IN 7960 11262 18 which which WDT 7960 11262 19 artificial artificial JJ 7960 11262 20 wings wing NNS 7960 11262 21 are be VBP 7960 11262 22 made make VBN 7960 11262 23 to to TO 7960 11262 24 beat beat VB 7960 11262 25 the the DT 7960 11262 26 air air NN 7960 11262 27 like like IN 7960 11262 28 a a DT 7960 11262 29 flying fly VBG 7960 11262 30 bird bird NN 7960 11262 31 . . . 7960 11262 32 " " '' 7960 11263 1 Even even RB 7960 11263 2 in in IN 7960 11263 3 Bacon Bacon NNP 7960 11263 4 's 's POS 7960 11263 5 day day NN 7960 11263 6 it -PRON- PRP 7960 11263 7 would would MD 7960 11263 8 appear appear VB 7960 11263 9 that that IN 7960 11263 10 men man NNS 7960 11263 11 were be VBD 7960 11263 12 trying try VBG 7960 11263 13 to to TO 7960 11263 14 make make VB 7960 11263 15 steamboats steamboat NNS 7960 11263 16 , , , 7960 11263 17 automobiles automobile NNS 7960 11263 18 , , , 7960 11263 19 and and CC 7960 11263 20 aëroplanes aëroplane NNS 7960 11263 21 . . . 7960 11264 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 11264 2 Illustration illustration NN 7960 11264 3 : : : 7960 11264 4 ROGER ROGER NNP 7960 11264 5 BACON BACON NNP 7960 11264 6 ] ] -RRB- 7960 11264 7 GUNPOWDER GUNPOWDER NNP 7960 11264 8 The the DT 7960 11264 9 discovery discovery NN 7960 11264 10 of of IN 7960 11264 11 gunpowder gunpowder NN 7960 11264 12 , , , 7960 11264 13 a a DT 7960 11264 14 compound compound NN 7960 11264 15 of of IN 7960 11264 16 saltpeter saltpeter NN 7960 11264 17 , , , 7960 11264 18 charcoal charcoal NN 7960 11264 19 , , , 7960 11264 20 and and CC 7960 11264 21 sulphur sulphur NNP 7960 11264 22 , , , 7960 11264 23 has have VBZ 7960 11264 24 often often RB 7960 11264 25 been be VBN 7960 11264 26 attributed attribute VBN 7960 11264 27 to to IN 7960 11264 28 Bacon Bacon NNP 7960 11264 29 , , , 7960 11264 30 probably probably RB 7960 11264 31 incorrectly incorrectly RB 7960 11264 32 . . . 7960 11265 1 Bacon bacon JJ 7960 11265 2 and and CC 7960 11265 3 other other JJ 7960 11265 4 men man NNS 7960 11265 5 of of IN 7960 11265 6 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 11265 7 time time NN 7960 11265 8 seem seem VBP 7960 11265 9 to to TO 7960 11265 10 have have VB 7960 11265 11 been be VBN 7960 11265 12 familiar familiar JJ 7960 11265 13 with with IN 7960 11265 14 the the DT 7960 11265 15 composition composition NN 7960 11265 16 of of IN 7960 11265 17 gunpowder gunpowder NN 7960 11265 18 , , , 7960 11265 19 but but CC 7960 11265 20 they -PRON- PRP 7960 11265 21 regarded regard VBD 7960 11265 22 it -PRON- PRP 7960 11265 23 as as RB 7960 11265 24 merely merely RB 7960 11265 25 a a DT 7960 11265 26 sort sort NN 7960 11265 27 of of IN 7960 11265 28 firework firework NN 7960 11265 29 , , , 7960 11265 30 producing produce VBG 7960 11265 31 a a DT 7960 11265 32 sudden sudden JJ 7960 11265 33 and and CC 7960 11265 34 brilliant brilliant JJ 7960 11265 35 flame flame NN 7960 11265 36 . . . 7960 11266 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 11266 2 little little RB 7960 11266 3 suspected suspect VBD 7960 11266 4 that that IN 7960 11266 5 in in IN 7960 11266 6 a a DT 7960 11266 7 confined confine VBN 7960 11266 8 space space NN 7960 11266 9 the the DT 7960 11266 10 expansive expansive JJ 7960 11266 11 power power NN 7960 11266 12 of of IN 7960 11266 13 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 11266 14 gases gas NNS 7960 11266 15 could could MD 7960 11266 16 be be VB 7960 11266 17 used use VBN 7960 11266 18 to to TO 7960 11266 19 hurl hurl VB 7960 11266 20 projectiles projectile NNS 7960 11266 21 . . . 7960 11267 1 Gunpowder Gunpowder NNP 7960 11267 2 was be VBD 7960 11267 3 occasionally occasionally RB 7960 11267 4 manufactured manufacture VBN 7960 11267 5 during during IN 7960 11267 6 the the DT 7960 11267 7 fourteenth fourteenth JJ 7960 11267 8 century century NN 7960 11267 9 , , , 7960 11267 10 but but CC 7960 11267 11 for for IN 7960 11267 12 a a DT 7960 11267 13 long long JJ 7960 11267 14 time time NN 7960 11267 15 it -PRON- PRP 7960 11267 16 made make VBD 7960 11267 17 more more JJR 7960 11267 18 noise noise NN 7960 11267 19 than than IN 7960 11267 20 it -PRON- PRP 7960 11267 21 did do VBD 7960 11267 22 harm harm NN 7960 11267 23 . . . 7960 11268 1 Small small JJ 7960 11268 2 brass brass NN 7960 11268 3 cannon cannon NN 7960 11268 4 , , , 7960 11268 5 throwing throw VBG 7960 11268 6 stone stone NN 7960 11268 7 balls ball NNS 7960 11268 8 , , , 7960 11268 9 began begin VBD 7960 11268 10 at at IN 7960 11268 11 length length NN 7960 11268 12 to to TO 7960 11268 13 displace displace VB 7960 11268 14 the the DT 7960 11268 15 medieval medieval JJ 7960 11268 16 siege siege NN 7960 11268 17 weapons weapon NNS 7960 11268 18 , , , 7960 11268 19 and and CC 7960 11268 20 still still RB 7960 11268 21 later later RB 7960 11268 22 muskets musket NNS 7960 11268 23 took take VBD 7960 11268 24 the the DT 7960 11268 25 place place NN 7960 11268 26 of of IN 7960 11268 27 the the DT 7960 11268 28 bow bow NN 7960 11268 29 , , , 7960 11268 30 the the DT 7960 11268 31 cross cross NN 7960 11268 32 - - NN 7960 11268 33 bow bow NN 7960 11268 34 , , , 7960 11268 35 and and CC 7960 11268 36 the the DT 7960 11268 37 pike pike NN 7960 11268 38 . . . 7960 11269 1 The the DT 7960 11269 2 revolution revolution NN 7960 11269 3 in in IN 7960 11269 4 the the DT 7960 11269 5 art art NN 7960 11269 6 of of IN 7960 11269 7 warfare warfare NN 7960 11269 8 introduced introduce VBN 7960 11269 9 by by IN 7960 11269 10 gunpowder gunpowder NN 7960 11269 11 had have VBD 7960 11269 12 vast vast JJ 7960 11269 13 importance importance NN 7960 11269 14 . . . 7960 11270 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 11270 2 destroyed destroy VBD 7960 11270 3 the the DT 7960 11270 4 usefulness usefulness NN 7960 11270 5 of of IN 7960 11270 6 the the DT 7960 11270 7 castle castle NN 7960 11270 8 and and CC 7960 11270 9 enabled enable VBD 7960 11270 10 the the DT 7960 11270 11 peasant peasant NN 7960 11270 12 to to TO 7960 11270 13 fight fight VB 7960 11270 14 the the DT 7960 11270 15 mailed mail VBN 7960 11270 16 knight knight NN 7960 11270 17 on on IN 7960 11270 18 equal equal JJ 7960 11270 19 terms term NNS 7960 11270 20 . . . 7960 11271 1 Gunpowder Gunpowder NNP 7960 11271 2 , , , 7960 11271 3 accordingly accordingly RB 7960 11271 4 , , , 7960 11271 5 must must MD 7960 11271 6 be be VB 7960 11271 7 included include VBN 7960 11271 8 among among IN 7960 11271 9 the the DT 7960 11271 10 forces force NNS 7960 11271 11 which which WDT 7960 11271 12 brought bring VBD 7960 11271 13 about about RP 7960 11271 14 the the DT 7960 11271 15 downfall downfall NN 7960 11271 16 of of IN 7960 11271 17 feudalism feudalism NN 7960 11271 18 . . . 7960 11272 1 CHEMISTRY CHEMISTRY NNP 7960 11272 2 AND and CC 7960 11272 3 ALCHEMY alchemy NN 7960 11272 4 The the DT 7960 11272 5 study study NN 7960 11272 6 of of IN 7960 11272 7 chemistry chemistry NN 7960 11272 8 also also RB 7960 11272 9 engaged engage VBD 7960 11272 10 the the DT 7960 11272 11 attention attention NN 7960 11272 12 of of IN 7960 11272 13 medieval medieval JJ 7960 11272 14 investigators investigator NNS 7960 11272 15 . . . 7960 11273 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 11273 2 was be VBD 7960 11273 3 , , , 7960 11273 4 however however RB 7960 11273 5 , , , 7960 11273 6 much much RB 7960 11273 7 mixed mix VBD 7960 11273 8 up up RP 7960 11273 9 with with IN 7960 11273 10 alchemy alchemy NN 7960 11273 11 , , , 7960 11273 12 a a DT 7960 11273 13 false false JJ 7960 11273 14 science science NN 7960 11273 15 which which WDT 7960 11273 16 the the DT 7960 11273 17 Middle Middle NNP 7960 11273 18 Ages Ages NNPS 7960 11273 19 had have VBD 7960 11273 20 received receive VBN 7960 11273 21 from from IN 7960 11273 22 the the DT 7960 11273 23 Greeks Greeks NNPS 7960 11273 24 , , , 7960 11273 25 and and CC 7960 11273 26 they -PRON- PRP 7960 11273 27 , , , 7960 11273 28 in in IN 7960 11273 29 turn turn NN 7960 11273 30 , , , 7960 11273 31 from from IN 7960 11273 32 the the DT 7960 11273 33 Egyptians Egyptians NNPS 7960 11273 34 . . . 7960 11274 1 The the DT 7960 11274 2 alchemists alchemist NNS 7960 11274 3 believed believe VBD 7960 11274 4 that that IN 7960 11274 5 minerals mineral NNS 7960 11274 6 possessed possess VBD 7960 11274 7 a a DT 7960 11274 8 real real JJ 7960 11274 9 life life NN 7960 11274 10 of of IN 7960 11274 11 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 11274 12 own own JJ 7960 11274 13 and and CC 7960 11274 14 that that IN 7960 11274 15 they -PRON- PRP 7960 11274 16 were be VBD 7960 11274 17 continually continually RB 7960 11274 18 developing develop VBG 7960 11274 19 in in IN 7960 11274 20 the the DT 7960 11274 21 ground ground NN 7960 11274 22 toward toward IN 7960 11274 23 the the DT 7960 11274 24 state state NN 7960 11274 25 of of IN 7960 11274 26 gold gold NN 7960 11274 27 , , , 7960 11274 28 the the DT 7960 11274 29 perfect perfect JJ 7960 11274 30 metal metal NN 7960 11274 31 . . . 7960 11275 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 11275 2 was be VBD 7960 11275 3 necessary necessary JJ 7960 11275 4 , , , 7960 11275 5 therefore therefore RB 7960 11275 6 , , , 7960 11275 7 to to TO 7960 11275 8 discover discover VB 7960 11275 9 the the DT 7960 11275 10 " " `` 7960 11275 11 philosopher philosopher NN 7960 11275 12 's 's POS 7960 11275 13 stone stone NN 7960 11275 14 , , , 7960 11275 15 " " '' 7960 11275 16 which which WDT 7960 11275 17 would would MD 7960 11275 18 turn turn VB 7960 11275 19 all all DT 7960 11275 20 metals metal NNS 7960 11275 21 into into IN 7960 11275 22 gold gold NN 7960 11275 23 . . . 7960 11276 1 The the DT 7960 11276 2 alchemists alchemist NNS 7960 11276 3 never never RB 7960 11276 4 found find VBD 7960 11276 5 it -PRON- PRP 7960 11276 6 , , , 7960 11276 7 but but CC 7960 11276 8 they -PRON- PRP 7960 11276 9 learned learn VBD 7960 11276 10 a a DT 7960 11276 11 good good JJ 7960 11276 12 deal deal NN 7960 11276 13 about about IN 7960 11276 14 the the DT 7960 11276 15 various various JJ 7960 11276 16 metals metal NNS 7960 11276 17 and and CC 7960 11276 18 discovered discover VBD 7960 11276 19 a a DT 7960 11276 20 number number NN 7960 11276 21 of of IN 7960 11276 22 compounds compound NNS 7960 11276 23 and and CC 7960 11276 24 colors color NNS 7960 11276 25 . . . 7960 11277 1 In in IN 7960 11277 2 this this DT 7960 11277 3 way way NN 7960 11277 4 alchemy alchemy NN 7960 11277 5 contributed contribute VBD 7960 11277 6 to to IN 7960 11277 7 the the DT 7960 11277 8 advance advance NN 7960 11277 9 of of IN 7960 11277 10 chemistry chemistry NN 7960 11277 11 . . . 7960 11278 1 ASTRONOMY ASTRONOMY NNP 7960 11278 2 AND and CC 7960 11278 3 ASTROLOGY ASTROLOGY NNP 7960 11278 4 Astronomy Astronomy NNP 7960 11278 5 in in IN 7960 11278 6 the the DT 7960 11278 7 Middle Middle NNP 7960 11278 8 Ages Ages NNP 7960 11278 9 was be VBD 7960 11278 10 the the DT 7960 11278 11 most most RBS 7960 11278 12 advanced advanced JJ 7960 11278 13 of of IN 7960 11278 14 any any DT 7960 11278 15 natural natural JJ 7960 11278 16 science science NN 7960 11278 17 , , , 7960 11278 18 though though IN 7960 11278 19 the the DT 7960 11278 20 telescope telescope NN 7960 11278 21 and and CC 7960 11278 22 the the DT 7960 11278 23 Copernican copernican JJ 7960 11278 24 theory theory NN 7960 11278 25 [ [ -LRB- 7960 11278 26 26 26 CD 7960 11278 27 ] ] -RRB- 7960 11278 28 were be VBD 7960 11278 29 as as RB 7960 11278 30 yet yet RB 7960 11278 31 in in IN 7960 11278 32 the the DT 7960 11278 33 future future NN 7960 11278 34 . . . 7960 11279 1 Astronomy Astronomy NNP 7960 11279 2 , , , 7960 11279 3 the the DT 7960 11279 4 wise wise JJ 7960 11279 5 mother mother NN 7960 11279 6 , , , 7960 11279 7 had have VBD 7960 11279 8 a a DT 7960 11279 9 foolish foolish JJ 7960 11279 10 daughter daughter NN 7960 11279 11 , , , 7960 11279 12 astrology astrology NN 7960 11279 13 , , , 7960 11279 14 the the DT 7960 11279 15 origin origin NN 7960 11279 16 of of IN 7960 11279 17 which which WDT 7960 11279 18 can can MD 7960 11279 19 be be VB 7960 11279 20 traced trace VBN 7960 11279 21 back back RB 7960 11279 22 to to IN 7960 11279 23 Babylonia Babylonia NNP 7960 11279 24 . . . 7960 11280 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 11280 2 27 27 CD 7960 11280 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 11280 4 Medieval medieval JJ 7960 11280 5 students student NNS 7960 11280 6 no no RB 7960 11280 7 longer long RBR 7960 11280 8 regarded regard VBD 7960 11280 9 the the DT 7960 11280 10 stars star NNS 7960 11280 11 as as IN 7960 11280 12 divine divine JJ 7960 11280 13 , , , 7960 11280 14 but but CC 7960 11280 15 they -PRON- PRP 7960 11280 16 believed believe VBD 7960 11280 17 that that IN 7960 11280 18 the the DT 7960 11280 19 natural natural JJ 7960 11280 20 world world NN 7960 11280 21 and and CC 7960 11280 22 the the DT 7960 11280 23 life life NN 7960 11280 24 of of IN 7960 11280 25 men man NNS 7960 11280 26 were be VBD 7960 11280 27 controlled control VBN 7960 11280 28 by by IN 7960 11280 29 celestial celestial JJ 7960 11280 30 influences influence NNS 7960 11280 31 . . . 7960 11281 1 Hence hence RB 7960 11281 2 astrologers astrologer NNS 7960 11281 3 professed profess VBD 7960 11281 4 to to TO 7960 11281 5 predict predict VB 7960 11281 6 the the DT 7960 11281 7 fate fate NN 7960 11281 8 of of IN 7960 11281 9 a a DT 7960 11281 10 person person NN 7960 11281 11 from from IN 7960 11281 12 the the DT 7960 11281 13 position position NN 7960 11281 14 of of IN 7960 11281 15 the the DT 7960 11281 16 planets planet NNS 7960 11281 17 at at IN 7960 11281 18 the the DT 7960 11281 19 time time NN 7960 11281 20 of of IN 7960 11281 21 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 11281 22 birth birth NN 7960 11281 23 . . . 7960 11282 1 Astrological astrological JJ 7960 11282 2 rules rule NNS 7960 11282 3 were be VBD 7960 11282 4 also also RB 7960 11282 5 drawn draw VBN 7960 11282 6 from from IN 7960 11282 7 the the DT 7960 11282 8 signs sign NNS 7960 11282 9 of of IN 7960 11282 10 the the DT 7960 11282 11 zodiac zodiac NNP 7960 11282 12 . . . 7960 11283 1 A a DT 7960 11283 2 child child NN 7960 11283 3 born bear VBN 7960 11283 4 under under IN 7960 11283 5 the the DT 7960 11283 6 sign sign NN 7960 11283 7 of of IN 7960 11283 8 the the DT 7960 11283 9 Lion Lion NNP 7960 11283 10 will will MD 7960 11283 11 be be VB 7960 11283 12 courageous courageous JJ 7960 11283 13 ; ; : 7960 11283 14 one one CD 7960 11283 15 born bear VBN 7960 11283 16 under under IN 7960 11283 17 the the DT 7960 11283 18 Crab Crab NNP 7960 11283 19 will will MD 7960 11283 20 not not RB 7960 11283 21 go go VB 7960 11283 22 forward forward RB 7960 11283 23 well well RB 7960 11283 24 in in IN 7960 11283 25 life life NN 7960 11283 26 ; ; : 7960 11283 27 one one CD 7960 11283 28 born bear VBN 7960 11283 29 under under IN 7960 11283 30 the the DT 7960 11283 31 Waterman waterman NN 7960 11283 32 will will MD 7960 11283 33 probably probably RB 7960 11283 34 be be VB 7960 11283 35 drowned drown VBN 7960 11283 36 , , , 7960 11283 37 and and CC 7960 11283 38 so so RB 7960 11283 39 forth forth RB 7960 11283 40 . . . 7960 11284 1 Such such JJ 7960 11284 2 fancies fancy NNS 7960 11284 3 seem seem VBP 7960 11284 4 absurd absurd JJ 7960 11284 5 enough enough RB 7960 11284 6 , , , 7960 11284 7 but but CC 7960 11284 8 in in IN 7960 11284 9 the the DT 7960 11284 10 Middle Middle NNP 7960 11284 11 Ages Ages NNPS 7960 11284 12 educated educate VBD 7960 11284 13 people people NNS 7960 11284 14 entertained entertain VBD 7960 11284 15 them -PRON- PRP 7960 11284 16 . . . 7960 11285 1 MEDIEVAL MEDIEVAL NNP 7960 11285 2 CREDULITY CREDULITY NNP 7960 11285 3 Alchemy Alchemy NNP 7960 11285 4 and and CC 7960 11285 5 astrology astrology NN 7960 11285 6 were be VBD 7960 11285 7 not not RB 7960 11285 8 the the DT 7960 11285 9 only only JJ 7960 11285 10 instances instance NNS 7960 11285 11 of of IN 7960 11285 12 medieval medieval JJ 7960 11285 13 credulity credulity NN 7960 11285 14 . . . 7960 11286 1 The the DT 7960 11286 2 most most RBS 7960 11286 3 improbable improbable JJ 7960 11286 4 stories story NNS 7960 11286 5 found find VBD 7960 11286 6 ready ready JJ 7960 11286 7 acceptance acceptance NN 7960 11286 8 . . . 7960 11287 1 Roger Roger NNP 7960 11287 2 Bacon Bacon NNP 7960 11287 3 , , , 7960 11287 4 for for IN 7960 11287 5 instance instance NN 7960 11287 6 , , , 7960 11287 7 thought think VBD 7960 11287 8 that that IN 7960 11287 9 " " `` 7960 11287 10 flying fly VBG 7960 11287 11 dragons dragon NNS 7960 11287 12 " " '' 7960 11287 13 still still RB 7960 11287 14 existed exist VBD 7960 11287 15 in in IN 7960 11287 16 Europe Europe NNP 7960 11287 17 and and CC 7960 11287 18 that that IN 7960 11287 19 eating eat VBG 7960 11287 20 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 11287 21 flesh flesh NN 7960 11287 22 lengthened lengthen VBD 7960 11287 23 human human JJ 7960 11287 24 life life NN 7960 11287 25 . . . 7960 11288 1 Works work NNS 7960 11288 2 on on IN 7960 11288 3 natural natural JJ 7960 11288 4 history history NN 7960 11288 5 soberly soberly RB 7960 11288 6 described describe VBD 7960 11288 7 the the DT 7960 11288 8 lizard lizard NN 7960 11288 9 - - HYPH 7960 11288 10 like like JJ 7960 11288 11 salamander salamander NNP 7960 11288 12 , , , 7960 11288 13 which which WDT 7960 11288 14 dwelt dwell VBD 7960 11288 15 in in IN 7960 11288 16 fire fire NN 7960 11288 17 , , , 7960 11288 18 and and CC 7960 11288 19 the the DT 7960 11288 20 phoenix phoenix NN 7960 11288 21 , , , 7960 11288 22 a a DT 7960 11288 23 bird bird NN 7960 11288 24 which which WDT 7960 11288 25 , , , 7960 11288 26 after after IN 7960 11288 27 living live VBG 7960 11288 28 for for IN 7960 11288 29 five five CD 7960 11288 30 hundred hundred CD 7960 11288 31 years year NNS 7960 11288 32 , , , 7960 11288 33 burned burn VBD 7960 11288 34 itself -PRON- PRP 7960 11288 35 to to IN 7960 11288 36 death death NN 7960 11288 37 and and CC 7960 11288 38 then then RB 7960 11288 39 rose rise VBD 7960 11288 40 again again RB 7960 11288 41 full full JJ 7960 11288 42 grown grow VBN 7960 11288 43 from from IN 7960 11288 44 the the DT 7960 11288 45 ashes ashe NNS 7960 11288 46 . . . 7960 11289 1 Another another DT 7960 11289 2 fabulous fabulous JJ 7960 11289 3 creature creature NN 7960 11289 4 was be VBD 7960 11289 5 the the DT 7960 11289 6 unicorn unicorn JJ 7960 11289 7 , , , 7960 11289 8 with with IN 7960 11289 9 the the DT 7960 11289 10 head head NN 7960 11289 11 and and CC 7960 11289 12 body body NN 7960 11289 13 of of IN 7960 11289 14 a a DT 7960 11289 15 horse horse NN 7960 11289 16 , , , 7960 11289 17 the the DT 7960 11289 18 hind hind NN 7960 11289 19 legs leg NNS 7960 11289 20 of of IN 7960 11289 21 an an DT 7960 11289 22 antelope antelope NN 7960 11289 23 , , , 7960 11289 24 the the DT 7960 11289 25 beard beard NN 7960 11289 26 of of IN 7960 11289 27 a a DT 7960 11289 28 goat goat NN 7960 11289 29 , , , 7960 11289 30 and and CC 7960 11289 31 a a DT 7960 11289 32 long long JJ 7960 11289 33 , , , 7960 11289 34 sharp sharp JJ 7960 11289 35 horn horn NN 7960 11289 36 set set VBN 7960 11289 37 in in IN 7960 11289 38 the the DT 7960 11289 39 middle middle NN 7960 11289 40 of of IN 7960 11289 41 the the DT 7960 11289 42 forehead forehead NN 7960 11289 43 . . . 7960 11290 1 Various various JJ 7960 11290 2 plants plant NNS 7960 11290 3 and and CC 7960 11290 4 minerals mineral NNS 7960 11290 5 were be VBD 7960 11290 6 also also RB 7960 11290 7 credited credit VBN 7960 11290 8 with with IN 7960 11290 9 marvelous marvelous JJ 7960 11290 10 powers power NNS 7960 11290 11 . . . 7960 11291 1 Thus thus RB 7960 11291 2 , , , 7960 11291 3 the the DT 7960 11291 4 nasturtium nasturtium NN 7960 11291 5 , , , 7960 11291 6 used use VBD 7960 11291 7 as as IN 7960 11291 8 a a DT 7960 11291 9 liniment liniment NN 7960 11291 10 , , , 7960 11291 11 would would MD 7960 11291 12 keep keep VB 7960 11291 13 one one PRP 7960 11291 14 's 's POS 7960 11291 15 hair hair NN 7960 11291 16 from from IN 7960 11291 17 falling fall VBG 7960 11291 18 out out RP 7960 11291 19 , , , 7960 11291 20 and and CC 7960 11291 21 the the DT 7960 11291 22 sapphire sapphire NN 7960 11291 23 , , , 7960 11291 24 when when WRB 7960 11291 25 powdered powder VBN 7960 11291 26 and and CC 7960 11291 27 mixed mix VBN 7960 11291 28 with with IN 7960 11291 29 milk milk NN 7960 11291 30 , , , 7960 11291 31 would would MD 7960 11291 32 heal heal VB 7960 11291 33 ulcers ulcer NNS 7960 11291 34 and and CC 7960 11291 35 cure cure VB 7960 11291 36 headache headache NN 7960 11291 37 . . . 7960 11292 1 Such such JJ 7960 11292 2 quaint quaint NN 7960 11292 3 beliefs belief NNS 7960 11292 4 linger ling JJR 7960 11292 5 to to NN 7960 11292 6 - - HYPH 7960 11292 7 day day NN 7960 11292 8 among among IN 7960 11292 9 uneducated uneducated JJ 7960 11292 10 people people NNS 7960 11292 11 , , , 7960 11292 12 even even RB 7960 11292 13 in in IN 7960 11292 14 civilized civilized JJ 7960 11292 15 lands land NNS 7960 11292 16 . . . 7960 11293 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 11293 2 Illustration illustration NN 7960 11293 3 : : : 7960 11293 4 MAGICIAN magician NN 7960 11293 5 RESCUED RESCUED NNS 7960 11293 6 FROM from IN 7960 11293 7 THE the DT 7960 11293 8 DEVIL DEVIL NNP 7960 11293 9 Miniature Miniature NNP 7960 11293 10 in in IN 7960 11293 11 a a DT 7960 11293 12 thirteenth thirteenth JJ 7960 11293 13 - - HYPH 7960 11293 14 century century NN 7960 11293 15 manuscript manuscript NN 7960 11293 16 in in IN 7960 11293 17 the the DT 7960 11293 18 Bibliothèque Bibliothèque NNP 7960 11293 19 Nationale Nationale NNP 7960 11293 20 , , , 7960 11293 21 Paris Paris NNP 7960 11293 22 . . . 7960 11294 1 The the DT 7960 11294 2 Devil Devil NNP 7960 11294 3 , , , 7960 11294 4 attempting attempt VBG 7960 11294 5 to to TO 7960 11294 6 seize seize VB 7960 11294 7 a a DT 7960 11294 8 magician magician NN 7960 11294 9 who who WP 7960 11294 10 had have VBD 7960 11294 11 formed form VBN 7960 11294 12 a a DT 7960 11294 13 pact pact NN 7960 11294 14 with with IN 7960 11294 15 him -PRON- PRP 7960 11294 16 , , , 7960 11294 17 is be VBZ 7960 11294 18 prevented prevent VBN 7960 11294 19 by by IN 7960 11294 20 a a DT 7960 11294 21 lay lay JJ 7960 11294 22 brother brother NN 7960 11294 23 . . . 7960 11294 24 ] ] -RRB- 7960 11295 1 MAGICIANS MAGICIANS NNP 7960 11295 2 Magicians Magicians NNPS 7960 11295 3 of of IN 7960 11295 4 every every DT 7960 11295 5 sort sort NN 7960 11295 6 flourished flourish VBD 7960 11295 7 in in IN 7960 11295 8 the the DT 7960 11295 9 Middle Middle NNP 7960 11295 10 Ages Ages NNPS 7960 11295 11 . . . 7960 11296 1 Oneiromancers oneiromancer NNS 7960 11296 2 [ [ -LRB- 7960 11296 3 28 28 CD 7960 11296 4 ] ] -RRB- 7960 11296 5 took take VBD 7960 11296 6 omens omen NNS 7960 11296 7 from from IN 7960 11296 8 dreams dream NNS 7960 11296 9 . . . 7960 11297 1 Palmists palmist NNS 7960 11297 2 read read VBP 7960 11297 3 fortunes fortune NNS 7960 11297 4 in in IN 7960 11297 5 the the DT 7960 11297 6 lines line NNS 7960 11297 7 and and CC 7960 11297 8 irregularities irregularity NNS 7960 11297 9 of of IN 7960 11297 10 the the DT 7960 11297 11 hand hand NN 7960 11297 12 . . . 7960 11298 1 Necromancers necromancer NNS 7960 11298 2 [ [ -LRB- 7960 11298 3 29 29 CD 7960 11298 4 ] ] -RRB- 7960 11298 5 professed profess VBD 7960 11298 6 to to TO 7960 11298 7 reveal reveal VB 7960 11298 8 the the DT 7960 11298 9 future future NN 7960 11298 10 by by IN 7960 11298 11 pretended pretended JJ 7960 11298 12 communications communication NNS 7960 11298 13 with with IN 7960 11298 14 departed depart VBN 7960 11298 15 spirits spirit NNS 7960 11298 16 . . . 7960 11299 1 Other other JJ 7960 11299 2 magicians magician NNS 7960 11299 3 made make VBD 7960 11299 4 talismans talisman NNS 7960 11299 5 or or CC 7960 11299 6 lucky lucky JJ 7960 11299 7 objects object NNS 7960 11299 8 to to TO 7960 11299 9 be be VB 7960 11299 10 worn wear VBN 7960 11299 11 on on IN 7960 11299 12 the the DT 7960 11299 13 person person NN 7960 11299 14 , , , 7960 11299 15 mirrors mirror NNS 7960 11299 16 in in IN 7960 11299 17 which which WDT 7960 11299 18 the the DT 7960 11299 19 images image NNS 7960 11299 20 of of IN 7960 11299 21 the the DT 7960 11299 22 dead dead JJ 7960 11299 23 or or CC 7960 11299 24 the the DT 7960 11299 25 absent absent NN 7960 11299 26 were be VBD 7960 11299 27 reflected reflect VBN 7960 11299 28 , , , 7960 11299 29 and and CC 7960 11299 30 various various JJ 7960 11299 31 powders powder NNS 7960 11299 32 which which WDT 7960 11299 33 , , , 7960 11299 34 when when WRB 7960 11299 35 mixed mix VBN 7960 11299 36 with with IN 7960 11299 37 food food NN 7960 11299 38 or or CC 7960 11299 39 drink drink NN 7960 11299 40 , , , 7960 11299 41 would would MD 7960 11299 42 inspire inspire VB 7960 11299 43 hatred hatred NN 7960 11299 44 or or CC 7960 11299 45 affection affection NN 7960 11299 46 in in IN 7960 11299 47 the the DT 7960 11299 48 one one NN 7960 11299 49 consuming consume VBG 7960 11299 50 them -PRON- PRP 7960 11299 51 . . . 7960 11300 1 Indeed indeed RB 7960 11300 2 , , , 7960 11300 3 it -PRON- PRP 7960 11300 4 would would MD 7960 11300 5 be be VB 7960 11300 6 easy easy JJ 7960 11300 7 to to TO 7960 11300 8 draw draw VB 7960 11300 9 up up RP 7960 11300 10 a a DT 7960 11300 11 long long JJ 7960 11300 12 list list NN 7960 11300 13 of of IN 7960 11300 14 the the DT 7960 11300 15 devices device NNS 7960 11300 16 by by IN 7960 11300 17 which which WDT 7960 11300 18 practitioners practitioner NNS 7960 11300 19 of of IN 7960 11300 20 magic magic NN 7960 11300 21 made make VBD 7960 11300 22 a a DT 7960 11300 23 living living NN 7960 11300 24 at at IN 7960 11300 25 the the DT 7960 11300 26 expense expense NN 7960 11300 27 of of IN 7960 11300 28 the the DT 7960 11300 29 ignorant ignorant JJ 7960 11300 30 and and CC 7960 11300 31 the the DT 7960 11300 32 superstitious superstitious JJ 7960 11300 33 . . . 7960 11301 1 206 206 CD 7960 11301 2 . . . 7960 11302 1 POPULAR POPULAR NNP 7960 11302 2 SUPERSTITIONS superstition NNS 7960 11302 3 FOLK FOLK VBD 7960 11302 4 TALES tales VBP 7960 11302 5 Many many JJ 7960 11302 6 medieval medieval JJ 7960 11302 7 superstitions superstition NNS 7960 11302 8 are be VBP 7960 11302 9 preserved preserve VBN 7960 11302 10 in in IN 7960 11302 11 folk folk NN 7960 11302 12 tales tale NNS 7960 11302 13 , , , 7960 11302 14 or or CC 7960 11302 15 " " `` 7960 11302 16 fairy fairy NN 7960 11302 17 stories story NNS 7960 11302 18 . . . 7960 11302 19 " " '' 7960 11303 1 Every every DT 7960 11303 2 child child NN 7960 11303 3 now now RB 7960 11303 4 reads read VBZ 7960 11303 5 these these DT 7960 11303 6 tales tale NNS 7960 11303 7 in in IN 7960 11303 8 books book NNS 7960 11303 9 , , , 7960 11303 10 but but CC 7960 11303 11 until until IN 7960 11303 12 the the DT 7960 11303 13 nineteenth nineteenth JJ 7960 11303 14 century century NN 7960 11303 15 very very RB 7960 11303 16 few few JJ 7960 11303 17 of of IN 7960 11303 18 them -PRON- PRP 7960 11303 19 had have VBD 7960 11303 20 been be VBN 7960 11303 21 collected collect VBN 7960 11303 22 and and CC 7960 11303 23 written write VBN 7960 11303 24 down down RP 7960 11303 25 . . . 7960 11304 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 11304 2 30 30 CD 7960 11304 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 11304 4 They -PRON- PRP 7960 11304 5 lived live VBD 7960 11304 6 on on IN 7960 11304 7 the the DT 7960 11304 8 lips lip NNS 7960 11304 9 of of IN 7960 11304 10 the the DT 7960 11304 11 people people NNS 7960 11304 12 , , , 7960 11304 13 being be VBG 7960 11304 14 told tell VBN 7960 11304 15 by by IN 7960 11304 16 mothers mother NNS 7960 11304 17 and and CC 7960 11304 18 nurses nurse NNS 7960 11304 19 to to IN 7960 11304 20 children child NNS 7960 11304 21 and and CC 7960 11304 22 by by IN 7960 11304 23 young young JJ 7960 11304 24 and and CC 7960 11304 25 old old JJ 7960 11304 26 about about IN 7960 11304 27 the the DT 7960 11304 28 firesides fireside NNS 7960 11304 29 during during IN 7960 11304 30 the the DT 7960 11304 31 long long JJ 7960 11304 32 winter winter NN 7960 11304 33 evenings evening NNS 7960 11304 34 . . . 7960 11305 1 Story story NN 7960 11305 2 - - HYPH 7960 11305 3 telling tell VBG 7960 11305 4 formed form VBN 7960 11305 5 one one CD 7960 11305 6 of of IN 7960 11305 7 the the DT 7960 11305 8 chief chief JJ 7960 11305 9 amusements amusement NNS 7960 11305 10 of of IN 7960 11305 11 the the DT 7960 11305 12 Middle Middle NNP 7960 11305 13 Ages Ages NNPS 7960 11305 14 . . . 7960 11306 1 FAIRIES fairy NNS 7960 11306 2 The the DT 7960 11306 3 fairies fairy NNS 7960 11306 4 who who WP 7960 11306 5 appear appear VBP 7960 11306 6 so so RB 7960 11306 7 commonly commonly RB 7960 11306 8 in in IN 7960 11306 9 folk folk NN 7960 11306 10 tales tale NNS 7960 11306 11 are be VBP 7960 11306 12 known know VBN 7960 11306 13 by by IN 7960 11306 14 different different JJ 7960 11306 15 names name NNS 7960 11306 16 . . . 7960 11307 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 11307 2 are be VBP 7960 11307 3 bogies bogie NNS 7960 11307 4 , , , 7960 11307 5 brownies brownie NNS 7960 11307 6 , , , 7960 11307 7 goblins goblin NNS 7960 11307 8 , , , 7960 11307 9 pixies pixie NNS 7960 11307 10 , , , 7960 11307 11 kobolds kobold NNS 7960 11307 12 ( ( -LRB- 7960 11307 13 in in IN 7960 11307 14 Germany Germany NNP 7960 11307 15 ) ) -RRB- 7960 11307 16 , , , 7960 11307 17 trolls trolls NNP 7960 11307 18 ( ( -LRB- 7960 11307 19 in in IN 7960 11307 20 Denmark Denmark NNP 7960 11307 21 ) ) -RRB- 7960 11307 22 , , , 7960 11307 23 and and CC 7960 11307 24 so so RB 7960 11307 25 on on RB 7960 11307 26 . . . 7960 11308 1 The the DT 7960 11308 2 Celts Celts NNPS 7960 11308 3 , , , 7960 11308 4 especially especially RB 7960 11308 5 , , , 7960 11308 6 had have VBD 7960 11308 7 a a DT 7960 11308 8 lively lively JJ 7960 11308 9 faith faith NN 7960 11308 10 in in IN 7960 11308 11 fairies fairy NNS 7960 11308 12 , , , 7960 11308 13 and and CC 7960 11308 14 it -PRON- PRP 7960 11308 15 was be VBD 7960 11308 16 from from IN 7960 11308 17 Wales Wales NNP 7960 11308 18 , , , 7960 11308 19 Scotland Scotland NNP 7960 11308 20 , , , 7960 11308 21 and and CC 7960 11308 22 Ireland Ireland NNP 7960 11308 23 that that IN 7960 11308 24 many many JJ 7960 11308 25 stories story NNS 7960 11308 26 about about IN 7960 11308 27 them -PRON- PRP 7960 11308 28 became become VBD 7960 11308 29 current current JJ 7960 11308 30 in in IN 7960 11308 31 Europe Europe NNP 7960 11308 32 after after IN 7960 11308 33 the the DT 7960 11308 34 tenth tenth JJ 7960 11308 35 century century NN 7960 11308 36 . . . 7960 11309 1 Some some DT 7960 11309 2 students student NNS 7960 11309 3 have have VBP 7960 11309 4 explained explain VBN 7960 11309 5 the the DT 7960 11309 6 belief belief NN 7960 11309 7 in in IN 7960 11309 8 fairies fairy NNS 7960 11309 9 as as IN 7960 11309 10 due due JJ 7960 11309 11 to to IN 7960 11309 12 memories memory NNS 7960 11309 13 of of IN 7960 11309 14 an an DT 7960 11309 15 ancient ancient JJ 7960 11309 16 pygmy pygmy NN 7960 11309 17 people people NNS 7960 11309 18 dwelling dwell VBG 7960 11309 19 in in IN 7960 11309 20 underground underground JJ 7960 11309 21 homes home NNS 7960 11309 22 . . . 7960 11310 1 But but CC 7960 11310 2 most most JJS 7960 11310 3 of of IN 7960 11310 4 these these DT 7960 11310 5 supernatural supernatural JJ 7960 11310 6 beings being NNS 7960 11310 7 seem seem VBP 7960 11310 8 to to TO 7960 11310 9 be be VB 7960 11310 10 the the DT 7960 11310 11 descendants descendant NNS 7960 11310 12 of of IN 7960 11310 13 the the DT 7960 11310 14 spirits spirit NNS 7960 11310 15 and and CC 7960 11310 16 demons demon NNS 7960 11310 17 which which WDT 7960 11310 18 in in IN 7960 11310 19 savage savage JJ 7960 11310 20 fancy fancy NN 7960 11310 21 haunt haunt NN 7960 11310 22 the the DT 7960 11310 23 world world NN 7960 11310 24 . . . 7960 11311 1 CHARACTERISTICS CHARACTERISTICS NNP 7960 11311 2 OF of IN 7960 11311 3 FAIRIES fairy NNS 7960 11311 4 A a DT 7960 11311 5 comparison comparison NN 7960 11311 6 of of IN 7960 11311 7 European european JJ 7960 11311 8 folk folk NN 7960 11311 9 tales tale NNS 7960 11311 10 shows show VBZ 7960 11311 11 that that IN 7960 11311 12 fairies fairy NNS 7960 11311 13 have have VBP 7960 11311 14 certain certain JJ 7960 11311 15 characteristics characteristic NNS 7960 11311 16 in in IN 7960 11311 17 common common JJ 7960 11311 18 . . . 7960 11312 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 11312 2 live live VBP 7960 11312 3 in in IN 7960 11312 4 palaces palace NNS 7960 11312 5 underneath underneath IN 7960 11312 6 the the DT 7960 11312 7 ground ground NN 7960 11312 8 , , , 7960 11312 9 from from IN 7960 11312 10 which which WDT 7960 11312 11 they -PRON- PRP 7960 11312 12 emerge emerge VBP 7960 11312 13 at at IN 7960 11312 14 twilight twilight NN 7960 11312 15 to to TO 7960 11312 16 dance dance VB 7960 11312 17 in in IN 7960 11312 18 mystic mystic JJ 7960 11312 19 circles circle NNS 7960 11312 20 . . . 7960 11313 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 11313 2 are be VBP 7960 11313 3 ruled rule VBN 7960 11313 4 by by IN 7960 11313 5 kings king NNS 7960 11313 6 and and CC 7960 11313 7 queens queen NNS 7960 11313 8 and and CC 7960 11313 9 are be VBP 7960 11313 10 possessed possess VBN 7960 11313 11 of of IN 7960 11313 12 great great JJ 7960 11313 13 wealth wealth NN 7960 11313 14 . . . 7960 11314 1 Though though IN 7960 11314 2 usually usually RB 7960 11314 3 invisible invisible JJ 7960 11314 4 , , , 7960 11314 5 they -PRON- PRP 7960 11314 6 may may MD 7960 11314 7 sometimes sometimes RB 7960 11314 8 be be VB 7960 11314 9 seen see VBN 7960 11314 10 , , , 7960 11314 11 especially especially RB 7960 11314 12 by by IN 7960 11314 13 people people NNS 7960 11314 14 who who WP 7960 11314 15 have have VBP 7960 11314 16 the the DT 7960 11314 17 faculty faculty NN 7960 11314 18 of of IN 7960 11314 19 perceiving perceive VBG 7960 11314 20 spirits spirit NNS 7960 11314 21 . . . 7960 11315 1 To to IN 7960 11315 2 mortals mortal NNS 7960 11315 3 the the DT 7960 11315 4 fairies fairy NNS 7960 11315 5 are be VBP 7960 11315 6 generally generally RB 7960 11315 7 hostile hostile JJ 7960 11315 8 , , , 7960 11315 9 leading leading JJ 7960 11315 10 wanderers wanderer NNS 7960 11315 11 astray astray VBP 7960 11315 12 , , , 7960 11315 13 often often RB 7960 11315 14 blighting blight VBG 7960 11315 15 crops crop NNS 7960 11315 16 and and CC 7960 11315 17 cattle cattle NNS 7960 11315 18 , , , 7960 11315 19 and and CC 7960 11315 20 shooting shooting NN 7960 11315 21 arrows arrow NNS 7960 11315 22 which which WDT 7960 11315 23 carry carry VBP 7960 11315 24 disease disease NN 7960 11315 25 and and CC 7960 11315 26 death death NN 7960 11315 27 . . . 7960 11316 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 11316 2 are be VBP 7960 11316 3 constantly constantly RB 7960 11316 4 on on IN 7960 11316 5 the the DT 7960 11316 6 watch watch NN 7960 11316 7 to to TO 7960 11316 8 carry carry VB 7960 11316 9 off off RP 7960 11316 10 human human JJ 7960 11316 11 beings being NNS 7960 11316 12 to to IN 7960 11316 13 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 11316 14 realm realm NN 7960 11316 15 . . . 7960 11317 1 A a DT 7960 11317 2 prisoner prisoner NN 7960 11317 3 must must MD 7960 11317 4 be be VB 7960 11317 5 released release VBN 7960 11317 6 at at IN 7960 11317 7 the the DT 7960 11317 8 end end NN 7960 11317 9 of of IN 7960 11317 10 a a DT 7960 11317 11 certain certain JJ 7960 11317 12 time time NN 7960 11317 13 , , , 7960 11317 14 unless unless IN 7960 11317 15 he -PRON- PRP 7960 11317 16 tastes taste VBZ 7960 11317 17 fairy fairy NN 7960 11317 18 food food NN 7960 11317 19 , , , 7960 11317 20 in in IN 7960 11317 21 which which WDT 7960 11317 22 event event NN 7960 11317 23 he -PRON- PRP 7960 11317 24 can can MD 7960 11317 25 never never RB 7960 11317 26 return return VB 7960 11317 27 . . . 7960 11318 1 Children child NNS 7960 11318 2 in in IN 7960 11318 3 cradles cradle NNS 7960 11318 4 are be VBP 7960 11318 5 frequently frequently RB 7960 11318 6 snatched snatch VBN 7960 11318 7 away away RB 7960 11318 8 by by IN 7960 11318 9 the the DT 7960 11318 10 fairies fairy NNS 7960 11318 11 , , , 7960 11318 12 who who WP 7960 11318 13 leave leave VBP 7960 11318 14 , , , 7960 11318 15 instead instead RB 7960 11318 16 , , , 7960 11318 17 imps imp NNS 7960 11318 18 of of IN 7960 11318 19 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 11318 20 own own JJ 7960 11318 21 called call VBN 7960 11318 22 " " `` 7960 11318 23 changelings changeling NNS 7960 11318 24 . . . 7960 11318 25 " " '' 7960 11319 1 A a DT 7960 11319 2 changeling changeling NN 7960 11319 3 may may MD 7960 11319 4 always always RB 7960 11319 5 be be VB 7960 11319 6 recognized recognize VBN 7960 11319 7 by by IN 7960 11319 8 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 11319 9 peevishness peevishness NN 7960 11319 10 and and CC 7960 11319 11 backwardness backwardness NN 7960 11319 12 in in IN 7960 11319 13 learning learn VBG 7960 11319 14 to to TO 7960 11319 15 walk walk VB 7960 11319 16 and and CC 7960 11319 17 speak speak VB 7960 11319 18 . . . 7960 11320 1 If if IN 7960 11320 2 well well RB 7960 11320 3 treated treat VBN 7960 11320 4 , , , 7960 11320 5 the the DT 7960 11320 6 fairies fairy NNS 7960 11320 7 will will MD 7960 11320 8 sometimes sometimes RB 7960 11320 9 show show VB 7960 11320 10 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 11320 11 gratitude gratitude NN 7960 11320 12 by by IN 7960 11320 13 bestowing bestow VBG 7960 11320 14 on on IN 7960 11320 15 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 11320 16 favorites favorite NNS 7960 11320 17 health health NN 7960 11320 18 , , , 7960 11320 19 wealth wealth NN 7960 11320 20 , , , 7960 11320 21 and and CC 7960 11320 22 long long JJ 7960 11320 23 life life NN 7960 11320 24 . . . 7960 11321 1 Lucky lucky JJ 7960 11321 2 the the DT 7960 11321 3 child child NN 7960 11321 4 who who WP 7960 11321 5 can can MD 7960 11321 6 count count VB 7960 11321 7 on on IN 7960 11321 8 a a DT 7960 11321 9 " " `` 7960 11321 10 fairy fairy NN 7960 11321 11 god god NNP 7960 11321 12 - - HYPH 7960 11321 13 mother mother NNP 7960 11321 14 . . . 7960 11321 15 " " '' 7960 11322 1 GIANTS giant NNS 7960 11322 2 AND and CC 7960 11322 3 OGRES OGRES NNP 7960 11322 4 Stories Stories NNPS 7960 11322 5 of of IN 7960 11322 6 giants giant NNS 7960 11322 7 are be VBP 7960 11322 8 common common JJ 7960 11322 9 in in IN 7960 11322 10 folk folk NN 7960 11322 11 tales tale NNS 7960 11322 12 . . . 7960 11323 1 Giants giant NNS 7960 11323 2 are be VBP 7960 11323 3 often often RB 7960 11323 4 represented represent VBN 7960 11323 5 as as IN 7960 11323 6 not not RB 7960 11323 7 only only RB 7960 11323 8 big big JJ 7960 11323 9 but but CC 7960 11323 10 also also RB 7960 11323 11 stupid stupid JJ 7960 11323 12 , , , 7960 11323 13 and and CC 7960 11323 14 as as RB 7960 11323 15 easily easily RB 7960 11323 16 overcome overcome VBN 7960 11323 17 by by IN 7960 11323 18 keen keen JJ 7960 11323 19 - - HYPH 7960 11323 20 witted witted JJ 7960 11323 21 human human JJ 7960 11323 22 foes foe NNS 7960 11323 23 like like IN 7960 11323 24 " " `` 7960 11323 25 Jack Jack NNP 7960 11323 26 the the DT 7960 11323 27 Giant Giant NNP 7960 11323 28 - - HYPH 7960 11323 29 killer killer NNP 7960 11323 30 . . . 7960 11323 31 " " '' 7960 11324 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 11324 2 may may MD 7960 11324 3 be be VB 7960 11324 4 that that IN 7960 11324 5 traditions tradition NNS 7960 11324 6 of of IN 7960 11324 7 pre- pre- JJ 7960 11324 8 historic historic JJ 7960 11324 9 peoples people NNS 7960 11324 10 have have VBP 7960 11324 11 sometimes sometimes RB 7960 11324 12 given give VBN 7960 11324 13 birth birth NN 7960 11324 14 to to IN 7960 11324 15 legends legend NNS 7960 11324 16 of of IN 7960 11324 17 giants giant NNS 7960 11324 18 . . . 7960 11325 1 Another another DT 7960 11325 2 source source NN 7960 11325 3 of of IN 7960 11325 4 stories story NNS 7960 11325 5 concerning concern VBG 7960 11325 6 them -PRON- PRP 7960 11325 7 has have VBZ 7960 11325 8 been be VBN 7960 11325 9 the the DT 7960 11325 10 discovery discovery NN 7960 11325 11 of of IN 7960 11325 12 huge huge JJ 7960 11325 13 fossil fossil NN 7960 11325 14 bones bone NNS 7960 11325 15 , , , 7960 11325 16 such such JJ 7960 11325 17 as as IN 7960 11325 18 those those DT 7960 11325 19 of of IN 7960 11325 20 the the DT 7960 11325 21 mammoth mammoth JJ 7960 11325 22 or or CC 7960 11325 23 mastodon mastodon NNP 7960 11325 24 , , , 7960 11325 25 which which WDT 7960 11325 26 were be VBD 7960 11325 27 formerly formerly RB 7960 11325 28 supposed suppose VBN 7960 11325 29 to to TO 7960 11325 30 be be VB 7960 11325 31 bones bone NNS 7960 11325 32 of of IN 7960 11325 33 gigantic gigantic JJ 7960 11325 34 men man NNS 7960 11325 35 . . . 7960 11326 1 The the DT 7960 11326 2 ogres ogre NNS 7960 11326 3 , , , 7960 11326 4 who who WP 7960 11326 5 sometimes sometimes RB 7960 11326 6 figure figure VBP 7960 11326 7 in in IN 7960 11326 8 folk folk NN 7960 11326 9 tales tale NNS 7960 11326 10 , , , 7960 11326 11 are be VBP 7960 11326 12 giants giant NNS 7960 11326 13 with with IN 7960 11326 14 a a DT 7960 11326 15 taste taste NN 7960 11326 16 for for IN 7960 11326 17 human human JJ 7960 11326 18 flesh flesh NN 7960 11326 19 . . . 7960 11327 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 11327 2 recall recall VBP 7960 11327 3 the the DT 7960 11327 4 cannibals cannibal NNS 7960 11327 5 of of IN 7960 11327 6 the the DT 7960 11327 7 savage savage JJ 7960 11327 8 world world NN 7960 11327 9 . . . 7960 11328 1 WEREWOLVES WEREWOLVES NNP 7960 11328 2 Werewolves Werewolves NNP 7960 11328 3 were be VBD 7960 11328 4 persons person NNS 7960 11328 5 who who WP 7960 11328 6 , , , 7960 11328 7 by by IN 7960 11328 8 natural natural JJ 7960 11328 9 gift gift NN 7960 11328 10 or or CC 7960 11328 11 magic magic NN 7960 11328 12 art art NN 7960 11328 13 , , , 7960 11328 14 were be VBD 7960 11328 15 thought think VBN 7960 11328 16 to to TO 7960 11328 17 have have VB 7960 11328 18 the the DT 7960 11328 19 power power NN 7960 11328 20 of of IN 7960 11328 21 turning turn VBG 7960 11328 22 themselves -PRON- PRP 7960 11328 23 for for IN 7960 11328 24 a a DT 7960 11328 25 time time NN 7960 11328 26 into into IN 7960 11328 27 wild wild JJ 7960 11328 28 beasts beast NNS 7960 11328 29 ( ( -LRB- 7960 11328 30 generally generally RB 7960 11328 31 wolves wolf NNS 7960 11328 32 or or CC 7960 11328 33 bears bear NNS 7960 11328 34 ) ) -RRB- 7960 11328 35 . . . 7960 11329 1 In in IN 7960 11329 2 this this DT 7960 11329 3 animal animal NN 7960 11329 4 shape shape NN 7960 11329 5 they -PRON- PRP 7960 11329 6 ravaged ravage VBD 7960 11329 7 flocks flock NNS 7960 11329 8 and and CC 7960 11329 9 devoured devour VBD 7960 11329 10 young young JJ 7960 11329 11 children child NNS 7960 11329 12 . . . 7960 11330 1 A a DT 7960 11330 2 werewolf werewolf NN 7960 11330 3 was be VBD 7960 11330 4 said say VBN 7960 11330 5 to to TO 7960 11330 6 sleep sleep VB 7960 11330 7 only only RB 7960 11330 8 two two CD 7960 11330 9 nights night NNS 7960 11330 10 in in IN 7960 11330 11 the the DT 7960 11330 12 month month NN 7960 11330 13 and and CC 7960 11330 14 to to TO 7960 11330 15 spend spend VB 7960 11330 16 the the DT 7960 11330 17 rest rest NN 7960 11330 18 of of IN 7960 11330 19 the the DT 7960 11330 20 time time NN 7960 11330 21 roaming roam VBG 7960 11330 22 the the DT 7960 11330 23 woods wood NNS 7960 11330 24 and and CC 7960 11330 25 fields field NNS 7960 11330 26 . . . 7960 11331 1 Trials trial NNS 7960 11331 2 of of IN 7960 11331 3 persons person NNS 7960 11331 4 accused accuse VBN 7960 11331 5 of of IN 7960 11331 6 being be VBG 7960 11331 7 werewolves werewolf NNS 7960 11331 8 were be VBD 7960 11331 9 held hold VBN 7960 11331 10 in in IN 7960 11331 11 France France NNP 7960 11331 12 as as RB 7960 11331 13 late late RB 7960 11331 14 as as IN 7960 11331 15 the the DT 7960 11331 16 end end NN 7960 11331 17 of of IN 7960 11331 18 the the DT 7960 11331 19 sixteenth sixteenth JJ 7960 11331 20 century century NN 7960 11331 21 . . . 7960 11332 1 Even even RB 7960 11332 2 now now RB 7960 11332 3 the the DT 7960 11332 4 belief belief NN 7960 11332 5 is be VBZ 7960 11332 6 found find VBN 7960 11332 7 in in IN 7960 11332 8 out- out- RB 7960 11332 9 of of IN 7960 11332 10 - - HYPH 7960 11332 11 the the DT 7960 11332 12 - - HYPH 7960 11332 13 way way NN 7960 11332 14 parts part NNS 7960 11332 15 of of IN 7960 11332 16 Europe Europe NNP 7960 11332 17 . . . 7960 11333 1 THE the DT 7960 11333 2 EVIL EVIL NNP 7960 11333 3 EYE EYE NNP 7960 11333 4 Another another DT 7960 11333 5 medieval medieval JJ 7960 11333 6 superstition superstition NN 7960 11333 7 was be VBD 7960 11333 8 that that DT 7960 11333 9 of of IN 7960 11333 10 the the DT 7960 11333 11 evil evil JJ 7960 11333 12 eye eye NN 7960 11333 13 . . . 7960 11334 1 According accord VBG 7960 11334 2 to to IN 7960 11334 3 this this DT 7960 11334 4 belief belief NN 7960 11334 5 , , , 7960 11334 6 certain certain JJ 7960 11334 7 persons person NNS 7960 11334 8 could could MD 7960 11334 9 bewitch bewitch VB 7960 11334 10 , , , 7960 11334 11 injure injure VB 7960 11334 12 , , , 7960 11334 13 and and CC 7960 11334 14 kill kill VB 7960 11334 15 by by IN 7960 11334 16 a a DT 7960 11334 17 glance glance NN 7960 11334 18 . . . 7960 11335 1 Children child NNS 7960 11335 2 and and CC 7960 11335 3 domestic domestic JJ 7960 11335 4 animals animal NNS 7960 11335 5 were be VBD 7960 11335 6 thought think VBN 7960 11335 7 to to TO 7960 11335 8 be be VB 7960 11335 9 particularly particularly RB 7960 11335 10 susceptible susceptible JJ 7960 11335 11 to to IN 7960 11335 12 the the DT 7960 11335 13 effects effect NNS 7960 11335 14 of of IN 7960 11335 15 " " `` 7960 11335 16 fascination fascination NN 7960 11335 17 . . . 7960 11335 18 " " '' 7960 11336 1 In in IN 7960 11336 2 order order NN 7960 11336 3 to to TO 7960 11336 4 guard guard VB 7960 11336 5 against against IN 7960 11336 6 it -PRON- PRP 7960 11336 7 charms charm NNS 7960 11336 8 of of IN 7960 11336 9 various various JJ 7960 11336 10 sorts sort NNS 7960 11336 11 , , , 7960 11336 12 including include VBG 7960 11336 13 texts text NNS 7960 11336 14 from from IN 7960 11336 15 the the DT 7960 11336 16 Bible Bible NNP 7960 11336 17 , , , 7960 11336 18 were be VBD 7960 11336 19 carried carry VBN 7960 11336 20 about about IN 7960 11336 21 . . . 7960 11337 1 The the DT 7960 11337 2 belief belief NN 7960 11337 3 in in IN 7960 11337 4 the the DT 7960 11337 5 evil evil JJ 7960 11337 6 eye eye NN 7960 11337 7 came come VBD 7960 11337 8 into into IN 7960 11337 9 Europe Europe NNP 7960 11337 10 from from IN 7960 11337 11 pagan pagan JJ 7960 11337 12 antiquity antiquity NN 7960 11337 13 . . . 7960 11338 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 11338 2 survived survive VBD 7960 11338 3 the the DT 7960 11338 4 Middle Middle NNP 7960 11338 5 Ages Ages NNPS 7960 11338 6 and and CC 7960 11338 7 lingers linger VBZ 7960 11338 8 yet yet RB 7960 11338 9 among among IN 7960 11338 10 uneducated uneducated JJ 7960 11338 11 people people NNS 7960 11338 12 . . . 7960 11339 1 WITCHCRAFT WITCHCRAFT NNP 7960 11339 2 The the DT 7960 11339 3 superstitions superstition NNS 7960 11339 4 relating relate VBG 7960 11339 5 to to IN 7960 11339 6 werewolves werewolf NNS 7960 11339 7 and and CC 7960 11339 8 the the DT 7960 11339 9 evil evil JJ 7960 11339 10 eye eye NN 7960 11339 11 are be VBP 7960 11339 12 particular particular JJ 7960 11339 13 forms form NNS 7960 11339 14 of of IN 7960 11339 15 the the DT 7960 11339 16 belief belief NN 7960 11339 17 in in IN 7960 11339 18 witchcraft witchcraft NN 7960 11339 19 , , , 7960 11339 20 or or CC 7960 11339 21 " " `` 7960 11339 22 black black JJ 7960 11339 23 magic magic NN 7960 11339 24 . . . 7960 11339 25 " " '' 7960 11340 1 The the DT 7960 11340 2 Middle Middle NNP 7960 11340 3 Ages Ages NNP 7960 11340 4 could could MD 7960 11340 5 not not RB 7960 11340 6 escape escape VB 7960 11340 7 this this DT 7960 11340 8 delusion delusion NN 7960 11340 9 , , , 7960 11340 10 which which WDT 7960 11340 11 was be VBD 7960 11340 12 firmly firmly RB 7960 11340 13 held hold VBN 7960 11340 14 by by IN 7960 11340 15 the the DT 7960 11340 16 Greeks Greeks NNPS 7960 11340 17 and and CC 7960 11340 18 Romans Romans NNPS 7960 11340 19 and and CC 7960 11340 20 other other JJ 7960 11340 21 ancient ancient JJ 7960 11340 22 peoples people NNS 7960 11340 23 . . . 7960 11341 1 Witchcraft Witchcraft NNP 7960 11341 2 had have VBD 7960 11341 3 , , , 7960 11341 4 indeed indeed RB 7960 11341 5 , , , 7960 11341 6 a a DT 7960 11341 7 prehistoric prehistoric JJ 7960 11341 8 origin origin NN 7960 11341 9 and and CC 7960 11341 10 the the DT 7960 11341 11 belief belief NN 7960 11341 12 in in IN 7960 11341 13 it -PRON- PRP 7960 11341 14 still still RB 7960 11341 15 prevails prevail VBZ 7960 11341 16 in in IN 7960 11341 17 savage savage JJ 7960 11341 18 society society NN 7960 11341 19 . . . 7960 11342 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 11342 2 Illustration illustration NN 7960 11342 3 : : : 7960 11342 4 THE the DT 7960 11342 5 WITCHES WITCHES NNP 7960 11342 6 ' ' POS 7960 11342 7 SABBATH SABBATH NNP 7960 11342 8 . . . 7960 11342 9 ] ] -RRB- 7960 11343 1 FEATURES FEATURES NNP 7960 11343 2 OF of IN 7960 11343 3 EUROPEAN EUROPEAN NNP 7960 11343 4 WITCHCRAFT WITCHCRAFT NNP 7960 11343 5 Witches Witches NNPS 7960 11343 6 and and CC 7960 11343 7 wizards wizard NNS 7960 11343 8 were be VBD 7960 11343 9 supposed suppose VBN 7960 11343 10 to to TO 7960 11343 11 have have VB 7960 11343 12 sold sell VBN 7960 11343 13 themselves -PRON- PRP 7960 11343 14 to to IN 7960 11343 15 the the DT 7960 11343 16 Devil Devil NNP 7960 11343 17 , , , 7960 11343 18 receiving receive VBG 7960 11343 19 in in IN 7960 11343 20 return return NN 7960 11343 21 the the DT 7960 11343 22 power power NN 7960 11343 23 to to TO 7960 11343 24 work work VB 7960 11343 25 magic magic NN 7960 11343 26 . . . 7960 11344 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 11344 2 could could MD 7960 11344 3 change change VB 7960 11344 4 themselves -PRON- PRP 7960 11344 5 or or CC 7960 11344 6 others other NNS 7960 11344 7 into into IN 7960 11344 8 animals animal NNS 7960 11344 9 , , , 7960 11344 10 they -PRON- PRP 7960 11344 11 had have VBD 7960 11344 12 charms charm NNS 7960 11344 13 against against IN 7960 11344 14 the the DT 7960 11344 15 hurt hurt NN 7960 11344 16 of of IN 7960 11344 17 weapons weapon NNS 7960 11344 18 , , , 7960 11344 19 they -PRON- PRP 7960 11344 20 could could MD 7960 11344 21 raise raise VB 7960 11344 22 storms storm NNS 7960 11344 23 and and CC 7960 11344 24 destroy destroy VB 7960 11344 25 crops crop NNS 7960 11344 26 , , , 7960 11344 27 and and CC 7960 11344 28 they -PRON- PRP 7960 11344 29 could could MD 7960 11344 30 convey convey VB 7960 11344 31 thorns thorn NNS 7960 11344 32 , , , 7960 11344 33 pins pin NNS 7960 11344 34 , , , 7960 11344 35 and and CC 7960 11344 36 other other JJ 7960 11344 37 objects object NNS 7960 11344 38 into into IN 7960 11344 39 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 11344 40 victims victim NNS 7960 11344 41 ' ' POS 7960 11344 42 bodies body NNS 7960 11344 43 , , , 7960 11344 44 thus thus RB 7960 11344 45 causing cause VBG 7960 11344 46 sickness sickness NN 7960 11344 47 and and CC 7960 11344 48 death death NN 7960 11344 49 . . . 7960 11345 1 At at IN 7960 11345 2 night night NN 7960 11345 3 they -PRON- PRP 7960 11345 4 rode ride VBD 7960 11345 5 on on IN 7960 11345 6 broomsticks broomstick NNS 7960 11345 7 through through IN 7960 11345 8 the the DT 7960 11345 9 air air NN 7960 11345 10 and and CC 7960 11345 11 assembled assemble VBN 7960 11345 12 in in IN 7960 11345 13 some some DT 7960 11345 14 lonely lonely JJ 7960 11345 15 place place NN 7960 11345 16 for for IN 7960 11345 17 feasts feast NNS 7960 11345 18 , , , 7960 11345 19 dances dance NNS 7960 11345 20 , , , 7960 11345 21 and and CC 7960 11345 22 wild wild JJ 7960 11345 23 revels revel NNS 7960 11345 24 . . . 7960 11346 1 At at IN 7960 11346 2 these these DT 7960 11346 3 " " `` 7960 11346 4 Witches witch NNS 7960 11346 5 ' ' POS 7960 11346 6 Sabbaths sabbath NNS 7960 11346 7 , , , 7960 11346 8 " " '' 7960 11346 9 as as IN 7960 11346 10 they -PRON- PRP 7960 11346 11 were be VBD 7960 11346 12 called call VBN 7960 11346 13 , , , 7960 11346 14 the the DT 7960 11346 15 Devil Devil NNP 7960 11346 16 himself -PRON- PRP 7960 11346 17 attended attend VBD 7960 11346 18 and and CC 7960 11346 19 taught teach VBD 7960 11346 20 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 11346 21 followers follower NNS 7960 11346 22 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 11346 23 diabolic diabolic JJ 7960 11346 24 arts art NNS 7960 11346 25 . . . 7960 11347 1 There there EX 7960 11347 2 were be VBD 7960 11347 3 various various JJ 7960 11347 4 tests test NNS 7960 11347 5 for for IN 7960 11347 6 the the DT 7960 11347 7 discovery discovery NN 7960 11347 8 of of IN 7960 11347 9 witches witch NNS 7960 11347 10 and and CC 7960 11347 11 wizards wizard NNS 7960 11347 12 , , , 7960 11347 13 the the DT 7960 11347 14 most most RBS 7960 11347 15 usual usual JJ 7960 11347 16 being be VBG 7960 11347 17 the the DT 7960 11347 18 ordeal ordeal NN 7960 11347 19 by by IN 7960 11347 20 water water NN 7960 11347 21 . . . 7960 11348 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 11348 2 31 31 CD 7960 11348 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 11348 4 WITCHCRAFT WITCHCRAFT NNP 7960 11348 5 PERSECUTIONS persecutions VB 7960 11348 6 The the DT 7960 11348 7 numerous numerous JJ 7960 11348 8 trials trial NNS 7960 11348 9 and and CC 7960 11348 10 executions execution NNS 7960 11348 11 for for IN 7960 11348 12 witchcraft witchcraft NN 7960 11348 13 form form NN 7960 11348 14 a a DT 7960 11348 15 dark dark JJ 7960 11348 16 page page NN 7960 11348 17 in in IN 7960 11348 18 history history NN 7960 11348 19 . . . 7960 11349 1 Thousands thousand NNS 7960 11349 2 of of IN 7960 11349 3 harmless harmless JJ 7960 11349 4 old old JJ 7960 11349 5 men man NNS 7960 11349 6 and and CC 7960 11349 7 women woman NNS 7960 11349 8 were be VBD 7960 11349 9 put put VBN 7960 11349 10 to to IN 7960 11349 11 death death NN 7960 11349 12 on on IN 7960 11349 13 the the DT 7960 11349 14 charge charge NN 7960 11349 15 of of IN 7960 11349 16 being be VBG 7960 11349 17 leagued league VBN 7960 11349 18 with with IN 7960 11349 19 the the DT 7960 11349 20 Devil Devil NNP 7960 11349 21 . . . 7960 11350 1 Even even RB 7960 11350 2 the the DT 7960 11350 3 most most RBS 7960 11350 4 intelligent intelligent JJ 7960 11350 5 and and CC 7960 11350 6 humane humane JJ 7960 11350 7 people people NNS 7960 11350 8 believed believe VBD 7960 11350 9 in in IN 7960 11350 10 the the DT 7960 11350 11 reality reality NN 7960 11350 12 of of IN 7960 11350 13 witchcraft witchcraft NN 7960 11350 14 and and CC 7960 11350 15 found find VBD 7960 11350 16 a a DT 7960 11350 17 justification justification NN 7960 11350 18 for for IN 7960 11350 19 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 11350 20 punishment punishment NN 7960 11350 21 in in IN 7960 11350 22 the the DT 7960 11350 23 Scriptural Scriptural NNP 7960 11350 24 command command NN 7960 11350 25 , , , 7960 11350 26 " " `` 7960 11350 27 Thou Thou NNP 7960 11350 28 shalt shalt NN 7960 11350 29 not not RB 7960 11350 30 suffer suffer VB 7960 11350 31 a a DT 7960 11350 32 witch witch NN 7960 11350 33 to to TO 7960 11350 34 live live VB 7960 11350 35 . . . 7960 11350 36 " " '' 7960 11351 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 11351 2 32 32 CD 7960 11351 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 11351 4 The the DT 7960 11351 5 witch witch NN 7960 11351 6 epidemic epidemic NN 7960 11351 7 which which WDT 7960 11351 8 broke break VBD 7960 11351 9 out out RP 7960 11351 10 in in IN 7960 11351 11 America America NNP 7960 11351 12 during during IN 7960 11351 13 the the DT 7960 11351 14 seventeenth seventeenth JJ 7960 11351 15 century century NN 7960 11351 16 , , , 7960 11351 17 reaching reach VBG 7960 11351 18 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 11351 19 height height NN 7960 11351 20 at at IN 7960 11351 21 Salem Salem NNP 7960 11351 22 , , , 7960 11351 23 Massachusetts Massachusetts NNP 7960 11351 24 , , , 7960 11351 25 was be VBD 7960 11351 26 simply simply RB 7960 11351 27 a a DT 7960 11351 28 reflection reflection NN 7960 11351 29 of of IN 7960 11351 30 the the DT 7960 11351 31 European european JJ 7960 11351 32 fear fear NN 7960 11351 33 and and CC 7960 11351 34 hatred hatred NN 7960 11351 35 of of IN 7960 11351 36 witches witch NNS 7960 11351 37 . . . 7960 11352 1 UNLUCKY UNLUCKY NNP 7960 11352 2 DAYS day NNS 7960 11352 3 The the DT 7960 11352 4 Middle Middle NNP 7960 11352 5 Ages Ages NNPS 7960 11352 6 inherited inherit VBD 7960 11352 7 from from IN 7960 11352 8 antiquity antiquity NN 7960 11352 9 the the DT 7960 11352 10 observance observance NN 7960 11352 11 of of IN 7960 11352 12 unlucky unlucky JJ 7960 11352 13 days day NNS 7960 11352 14 . . . 7960 11353 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 11353 2 went go VBD 7960 11353 3 under under IN 7960 11353 4 the the DT 7960 11353 5 name name NN 7960 11353 6 of of IN 7960 11353 7 " " `` 7960 11353 8 Egyptian egyptian JJ 7960 11353 9 days day NNS 7960 11353 10 , , , 7960 11353 11 " " '' 7960 11353 12 so so RB 7960 11353 13 called call VBD 7960 11353 14 because because IN 7960 11353 15 it -PRON- PRP 7960 11353 16 was be VBD 7960 11353 17 held hold VBN 7960 11353 18 that that IN 7960 11353 19 on on IN 7960 11353 20 one one CD 7960 11353 21 of of IN 7960 11353 22 them -PRON- PRP 7960 11353 23 the the DT 7960 11353 24 plagues plague NNS 7960 11353 25 had have VBD 7960 11353 26 been be VBN 7960 11353 27 sent send VBN 7960 11353 28 to to TO 7960 11353 29 devastate devastate VB 7960 11353 30 the the DT 7960 11353 31 land land NN 7960 11353 32 of of IN 7960 11353 33 Egypt Egypt NNP 7960 11353 34 and and CC 7960 11353 35 on on IN 7960 11353 36 another another DT 7960 11353 37 Pharaoh Pharaoh NNP 7960 11353 38 and and CC 7960 11353 39 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 11353 40 host host NN 7960 11353 41 had have VBD 7960 11353 42 been be VBN 7960 11353 43 swallowed swallow VBN 7960 11353 44 up up RP 7960 11353 45 in in IN 7960 11353 46 the the DT 7960 11353 47 Red Red NNP 7960 11353 48 Sea Sea NNP 7960 11353 49 . . . 7960 11354 1 At at RB 7960 11354 2 least least JJS 7960 11354 3 twenty twenty CD 7960 11354 4 - - HYPH 7960 11354 5 four four CD 7960 11354 6 days day NNS 7960 11354 7 in in IN 7960 11354 8 the the DT 7960 11354 9 year year NN 7960 11354 10 were be VBD 7960 11354 11 regarded regard VBN 7960 11354 12 as as IN 7960 11354 13 very very RB 7960 11354 14 unlucky unlucky JJ 7960 11354 15 . . . 7960 11355 1 At at IN 7960 11355 2 such such JJ 7960 11355 3 times time NNS 7960 11355 4 one one PRP 7960 11355 5 ought ought MD 7960 11355 6 not not RB 7960 11355 7 to to TO 7960 11355 8 buy buy VB 7960 11355 9 and and CC 7960 11355 10 sell sell VB 7960 11355 11 , , , 7960 11355 12 to to TO 7960 11355 13 build build VB 7960 11355 14 a a DT 7960 11355 15 house house NN 7960 11355 16 , , , 7960 11355 17 to to TO 7960 11355 18 plant plant VB 7960 11355 19 a a DT 7960 11355 20 field field NN 7960 11355 21 , , , 7960 11355 22 to to TO 7960 11355 23 travel travel VB 7960 11355 24 or or CC 7960 11355 25 , , , 7960 11355 26 in in IN 7960 11355 27 fact fact NN 7960 11355 28 , , , 7960 11355 29 to to TO 7960 11355 30 undertake undertake VB 7960 11355 31 anything anything NN 7960 11355 32 at at RB 7960 11355 33 all all RB 7960 11355 34 important important JJ 7960 11355 35 . . . 7960 11356 1 After after IN 7960 11356 2 the the DT 7960 11356 3 sixteenth sixteenth JJ 7960 11356 4 century century NN 7960 11356 5 the the DT 7960 11356 6 belief belief NN 7960 11356 7 in in IN 7960 11356 8 unlucky unlucky JJ 7960 11356 9 days day NNS 7960 11356 10 declined decline VBD 7960 11356 11 , , , 7960 11356 12 but but CC 7960 11356 13 there there EX 7960 11356 14 still still RB 7960 11356 15 exists exist VBZ 7960 11356 16 a a DT 7960 11356 17 prejudice prejudice NN 7960 11356 18 against against IN 7960 11356 19 fishermen fisherman NNS 7960 11356 20 starting start VBG 7960 11356 21 out out RP 7960 11356 22 to to TO 7960 11356 23 fish fish VB 7960 11356 24 , , , 7960 11356 25 or or CC 7960 11356 26 seamen seaman NNS 7960 11356 27 to to TO 7960 11356 28 take take VB 7960 11356 29 a a DT 7960 11356 30 voyage voyage NN 7960 11356 31 , , , 7960 11356 32 or or CC 7960 11356 33 landsmen landsmen VBZ 7960 11356 34 a a DT 7960 11356 35 journey journey NN 7960 11356 36 , , , 7960 11356 37 or or CC 7960 11356 38 domestic domestic JJ 7960 11356 39 servants servant NNS 7960 11356 40 to to TO 7960 11356 41 enter enter VB 7960 11356 42 a a DT 7960 11356 43 new new JJ 7960 11356 44 place place NN 7960 11356 45 , , , 7960 11356 46 on on IN 7960 11356 47 a a DT 7960 11356 48 Friday Friday NNP 7960 11356 49 . . . 7960 11357 1 207 207 CD 7960 11357 2 . . . 7960 11358 1 POPULAR POPULAR NNP 7960 11358 2 AMUSEMENTS AMUSEMENTS NNP 7960 11358 3 AND and CC 7960 11358 4 FESTIVALS FESTIVALS NNP 7960 11358 5 INDOOR indoor JJ 7960 11358 6 GAMES game NNS 7960 11358 7 It -PRON- PRP 7960 11358 8 is be VBZ 7960 11358 9 pleasant pleasant JJ 7960 11358 10 to to TO 7960 11358 11 turn turn VB 7960 11358 12 from from IN 7960 11358 13 the the DT 7960 11358 14 superstitions superstition NNS 7960 11358 15 of of IN 7960 11358 16 the the DT 7960 11358 17 Middle Middle NNP 7960 11358 18 Ages Ages NNPS 7960 11358 19 to to IN 7960 11358 20 the the DT 7960 11358 21 games game NNS 7960 11358 22 , , , 7960 11358 23 sports sport NNS 7960 11358 24 , , , 7960 11358 25 and and CC 7960 11358 26 festivals festival NNS 7960 11358 27 which which WDT 7960 11358 28 helped help VBD 7960 11358 29 to to TO 7960 11358 30 make make VB 7960 11358 31 life life NN 7960 11358 32 agreeable agreeable JJ 7960 11358 33 alike alike RB 7960 11358 34 for for IN 7960 11358 35 rich rich JJ 7960 11358 36 and and CC 7960 11358 37 poor poor JJ 7960 11358 38 , , , 7960 11358 39 for for IN 7960 11358 40 nobles noble NNS 7960 11358 41 and and CC 7960 11358 42 peasants peasant NNS 7960 11358 43 . . . 7960 11359 1 Some some DT 7960 11359 2 indoor indoor JJ 7960 11359 3 games game NNS 7960 11359 4 are be VBP 7960 11359 5 of of IN 7960 11359 6 eastern eastern JJ 7960 11359 7 origin origin NN 7960 11359 8 . . . 7960 11360 1 Thus thus RB 7960 11360 2 chess chess NN 7960 11360 3 , , , 7960 11360 4 with with IN 7960 11360 5 which which WDT 7960 11360 6 European european JJ 7960 11360 7 peoples people NNS 7960 11360 8 seem seem VBP 7960 11360 9 to to TO 7960 11360 10 have have VB 7960 11360 11 become become VBN 7960 11360 12 acquainted acquaint VBN 7960 11360 13 as as RB 7960 11360 14 early early RB 7960 11360 15 as as IN 7960 11360 16 the the DT 7960 11360 17 tenth tenth JJ 7960 11360 18 century century NN 7960 11360 19 [ [ -LRB- 7960 11360 20 33 33 CD 7960 11360 21 ] ] -RRB- 7960 11360 22 arose arise VBD 7960 11360 23 in in IN 7960 11360 24 India India NNP 7960 11360 25 as as IN 7960 11360 26 a a DT 7960 11360 27 war war NN 7960 11360 28 game game NN 7960 11360 29 . . . 7960 11361 1 On on IN 7960 11361 2 each each DT 7960 11361 3 side side NN 7960 11361 4 a a DT 7960 11361 5 king king NN 7960 11361 6 and and CC 7960 11361 7 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 11361 8 general general JJ 7960 11361 9 , , , 7960 11361 10 with with IN 7960 11361 11 chariots chariot NNS 7960 11361 12 , , , 7960 11361 13 cavalry cavalry NN 7960 11361 14 , , , 7960 11361 15 elephants elephant NNS 7960 11361 16 , , , 7960 11361 17 and and CC 7960 11361 18 infantry infantry NN 7960 11361 19 , , , 7960 11361 20 met meet VBD 7960 11361 21 in in IN 7960 11361 22 battle battle NN 7960 11361 23 array array NN 7960 11361 24 . . . 7960 11362 1 These these DT 7960 11362 2 survive survive VBP 7960 11362 3 in in IN 7960 11362 4 the the DT 7960 11362 5 rooks rook NNS 7960 11362 6 , , , 7960 11362 7 knights knight NNS 7960 11362 8 , , , 7960 11362 9 bishops bishop NNS 7960 11362 10 , , , 7960 11362 11 and and CC 7960 11362 12 pawns pawn NNS 7960 11362 13 of of IN 7960 11362 14 the the DT 7960 11362 15 modern modern JJ 7960 11362 16 game game NN 7960 11362 17 . . . 7960 11363 1 Checkers checker NNS 7960 11363 2 is be VBZ 7960 11363 3 a a DT 7960 11363 4 sort sort NN 7960 11363 5 of of IN 7960 11363 6 simplified simplify VBN 7960 11363 7 chess chess NN 7960 11363 8 , , , 7960 11363 9 in in IN 7960 11363 10 which which WDT 7960 11363 11 the the DT 7960 11363 12 pieces piece NNS 7960 11363 13 are be VBP 7960 11363 14 all all DT 7960 11363 15 pawns pawn NNS 7960 11363 16 , , , 7960 11363 17 till till IN 7960 11363 18 they -PRON- PRP 7960 11363 19 get get VBP 7960 11363 20 across across IN 7960 11363 21 the the DT 7960 11363 22 board board NN 7960 11363 23 and and CC 7960 11363 24 become become VB 7960 11363 25 kings king NNS 7960 11363 26 . . . 7960 11364 1 Playing play VBG 7960 11364 2 cards card NNS 7960 11364 3 are be VBP 7960 11364 4 another another DT 7960 11364 5 Oriental oriental JJ 7960 11364 6 invention invention NN 7960 11364 7 . . . 7960 11365 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 11365 2 were be VBD 7960 11365 3 introduced introduce VBN 7960 11365 4 into into IN 7960 11365 5 Europe Europe NNP 7960 11365 6 in in IN 7960 11365 7 the the DT 7960 11365 8 fourteenth fourteenth JJ 7960 11365 9 century century NN 7960 11365 10 , , , 7960 11365 11 either either CC 7960 11365 12 by by IN 7960 11365 13 the the DT 7960 11365 14 Arabs Arabs NNPS 7960 11365 15 or or CC 7960 11365 16 the the DT 7960 11365 17 gypsies gypsy NNS 7960 11365 18 . . . 7960 11366 1 Their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 11366 2 first first JJ 7960 11366 3 use use NN 7960 11366 4 seems seem VBZ 7960 11366 5 to to TO 7960 11366 6 have have VB 7960 11366 7 been be VBN 7960 11366 8 for for IN 7960 11366 9 telling tell VBG 7960 11366 10 fortunes fortune NNS 7960 11366 11 . . . 7960 11367 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 11367 2 Illustration illustration NN 7960 11367 3 : : : 7960 11367 4 CHESS chess NN 7960 11367 5 PIECES piece NNS 7960 11367 6 OF of IN 7960 11367 7 CHARLEMAGNE 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11370 10 of of IN 7960 11370 11 many many JJ 7960 11370 12 others other NNS 7960 11370 13 is be VBZ 7960 11370 14 seen see VBN 7960 11370 15 in in IN 7960 11370 16 the the DT 7960 11370 17 case case NN 7960 11370 18 of of IN 7960 11370 19 the the DT 7960 11370 20 ball ball NN 7960 11370 21 - - HYPH 7960 11370 22 play play NN 7960 11370 23 . . . 7960 11371 1 The the DT 7960 11371 2 ancients ancient NNS 7960 11371 3 tossed toss VBD 7960 11371 4 and and CC 7960 11371 5 caught catch VBD 7960 11371 6 balls ball NNS 7960 11371 7 as as IN 7960 11371 8 children child NNS 7960 11371 9 do do VBP 7960 11371 10 now now RB 7960 11371 11 . . . 7960 11372 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 11372 2 also also RB 7960 11372 3 had have VBD 7960 11372 4 a a DT 7960 11372 5 game game NN 7960 11372 6 in in IN 7960 11372 7 which which WDT 7960 11372 8 each each DT 7960 11372 9 side side NN 7960 11372 10 tried try VBD 7960 11372 11 to to TO 7960 11372 12 secure secure VB 7960 11372 13 the the DT 7960 11372 14 ball ball 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name NN 7960 11376 5 of of IN 7960 11376 6 _ _ NNP 7960 11376 7 pulu pulu NN 7960 11376 8 _ _ NNP 7960 11376 9 ( ( -LRB- 7960 11376 10 " " `` 7960 11376 11 ball ball NN 7960 11376 12 " " '' 7960 11376 13 ) ) -RRB- 7960 11376 14 it -PRON- PRP 7960 11376 15 found find VBD 7960 11376 16 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 11376 17 way way NN 7960 11376 18 into into IN 7960 11376 19 Europe Europe NNP 7960 11376 20 . . . 7960 11377 1 When when WRB 7960 11377 2 once once IN 7960 11377 3 the the DT 7960 11377 4 mallet mallet NN 7960 11377 5 had have VBD 7960 11377 6 been be VBN 7960 11377 7 invented invent VBN 7960 11377 8 for for IN 7960 11377 9 use use NN 7960 11377 10 on on IN 7960 11377 11 horseback horseback NN 7960 11377 12 , , , 7960 11377 13 it -PRON- PRP 7960 11377 14 could could MD 7960 11377 15 be be VB 7960 11377 16 easily easily RB 7960 11377 17 used use VBN 7960 11377 18 on on IN 7960 11377 19 foot foot NN 7960 11377 20 , , , 7960 11377 21 and and CC 7960 11377 22 so so RB 7960 11377 23 polo 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It -PRON- PRP 7960 11381 2 was be VBD 7960 11381 3 not not RB 7960 11381 4 till till IN 7960 11381 5 the the DT 7960 11381 6 nineteenth nineteenth JJ 7960 11381 7 century century NN 7960 11381 8 that that WDT 7960 11381 9 an an DT 7960 11381 10 English english JJ 7960 11381 11 society society NN 7960 11381 12 for for IN 7960 11381 13 the the DT 7960 11381 14 prevention prevention NN 7960 11381 15 of of IN 7960 11381 16 cruelty cruelty NNP 7960 11381 17 to to IN 7960 11381 18 animals animal NNS 7960 11381 19 succeeded succeed VBN 7960 11381 20 in in IN 7960 11381 21 getting get VBG 7960 11381 22 a a DT 7960 11381 23 law law NN 7960 11381 24 passed pass VBN 7960 11381 25 which which WDT 7960 11381 26 forbade forbid VBD 7960 11381 27 these these DT 7960 11381 28 cruel cruel JJ 7960 11381 29 sports sport NNS 7960 11381 30 . . . 7960 11382 1 Most Most JJS 7960 11382 2 other other JJ 7960 11382 3 European european JJ 7960 11382 4 countries country NNS 7960 11382 5 have have VBP 7960 11382 6 now now RB 7960 11382 7 followed follow VBN 7960 11382 8 England England NNP 7960 11382 9 's 's POS 7960 11382 10 example example NN 7960 11382 11 . . . 7960 11383 1 FESTIVALS FESTIVALS NNP 7960 11383 2 No no DT 7960 11383 3 account account NN 7960 11383 4 of of IN 7960 11383 5 life life NN 7960 11383 6 in in IN 7960 11383 7 the the DT 7960 11383 8 Middle Middle NNP 7960 11383 9 Ages Ages NNP 7960 11383 10 can can MD 7960 11383 11 well well RB 7960 11383 12 omit omit VB 7960 11383 13 some some DT 7960 11383 14 reference reference NN 7960 11383 15 to to IN 7960 11383 16 the the DT 7960 11383 17 celebration celebration NN 7960 11383 18 of of IN 7960 11383 19 festivals festival NNS 7960 11383 20 . . . 7960 11384 1 For for IN 7960 11384 2 the the DT 7960 11384 3 peasant peasant NN 7960 11384 4 and and CC 7960 11384 5 artisan artisan NNP 7960 11384 6 they -PRON- PRP 7960 11384 7 provided provide VBD 7960 11384 8 relief relief NN 7960 11384 9 from from IN 7960 11384 10 physical physical JJ 7960 11384 11 exertion exertion NN 7960 11384 12 , , , 7960 11384 13 and and CC 7960 11384 14 for for IN 7960 11384 15 all all DT 7960 11384 16 classes class NNS 7960 11384 17 of of IN 7960 11384 18 society society NN 7960 11384 19 the the DT 7960 11384 20 pageants pageant NNS 7960 11384 21 , , , 7960 11384 22 processions procession NNS 7960 11384 23 , , , 7960 11384 24 sports sport NNS 7960 11384 25 , , , 7960 11384 26 feasts feast NNS 7960 11384 27 , , , 7960 11384 28 and and CC 7960 11384 29 merry merry NN 7960 11384 30 - - HYPH 7960 11384 31 makings making NNS 7960 11384 32 which which WDT 7960 11384 33 accompanied accompany VBD 7960 11384 34 them -PRON- PRP 7960 11384 35 furnished furnish VBD 7960 11384 36 welcome welcome JJ 7960 11384 37 diversion diversion NN 7960 11384 38 . . . 7960 11385 1 Medieval medieval JJ 7960 11385 2 festivals festival NNS 7960 11385 3 included include VBD 7960 11385 4 not not RB 7960 11385 5 only only RB 7960 11385 6 those those DT 7960 11385 7 of of IN 7960 11385 8 the the DT 7960 11385 9 Christian Christian NNP 7960 11385 10 Year Year NNP 7960 11385 11 , , , 7960 11385 12 [ [ -LRB- 7960 11385 13 34 34 CD 7960 11385 14 ] ] -RRB- 7960 11385 15 but but CC 7960 11385 16 also also RB 7960 11385 17 others other NNS 7960 11385 18 which which WDT 7960 11385 19 had have VBD 7960 11385 20 come come VBN 7960 11385 21 down down RP 7960 11385 22 from from IN 7960 11385 23 pre- pre- DT 7960 11385 24 Christian christian JJ 7960 11385 25 times time NNS 7960 11385 26 . . . 7960 11386 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 11386 2 Illustration illustration NN 7960 11386 3 : : : 7960 11386 4 BEAR BEAR NNP 7960 11386 5 BAITING bait VBG 7960 11386 6 . . . 7960 11387 1 From from IN 7960 11387 2 the the DT 7960 11387 3 Luttrell Luttrell NNP 7960 11387 4 Psalter Psalter NNP 7960 11387 5 . . . 7960 11387 6 ] ] -RRB- 7960 11388 1 SEASONAL SEASONAL NNP 7960 11388 2 FESTIVALS festival NNS 7960 11388 3 Many many JJ 7960 11388 4 festivals festival NNS 7960 11388 5 not not RB 7960 11388 6 of of IN 7960 11388 7 Christian christian JJ 7960 11388 8 origin origin NN 7960 11388 9 were be VBD 7960 11388 10 derived derive VBN 7960 11388 11 from from IN 7960 11388 12 the the DT 7960 11388 13 ceremonies ceremony NNS 7960 11388 14 with with IN 7960 11388 15 which which WDT 7960 11388 16 the the DT 7960 11388 17 heathen heathen NNP 7960 11388 18 peoples people NNS 7960 11388 19 of of IN 7960 11388 20 Europe Europe NNP 7960 11388 21 had have VBD 7960 11388 22 been be VBN 7960 11388 23 accustomed accustom VBN 7960 11388 24 to to TO 7960 11388 25 mark mark VB 7960 11388 26 the the DT 7960 11388 27 changes change NNS 7960 11388 28 of of IN 7960 11388 29 the the DT 7960 11388 30 seasons season NNS 7960 11388 31 . . . 7960 11389 1 Thus thus RB 7960 11389 2 , , , 7960 11389 3 April April NNP 7960 11389 4 Fool Fool NNP 7960 11389 5 's 's POS 7960 11389 6 Day Day NNP 7960 11389 7 formed form VBD 7960 11389 8 a a DT 7960 11389 9 relic relic NN 7960 11389 10 of of IN 7960 11389 11 festivities festivity NNS 7960 11389 12 held hold VBN 7960 11389 13 at at IN 7960 11389 14 the the DT 7960 11389 15 vernal vernal JJ 7960 11389 16 equinox equinox NN 7960 11389 17 . . . 7960 11390 1 May May NNP 7960 11390 2 Day Day NNP 7960 11390 3 , , , 7960 11390 4 another another DT 7960 11390 5 festival festival NN 7960 11390 6 of of IN 7960 11390 7 spring spring NNP 7960 11390 8 , , , 7960 11390 9 honored honor VBD 7960 11390 10 the the DT 7960 11390 11 spirits spirit NNS 7960 11390 12 of of IN 7960 11390 13 trees tree NNS 7960 11390 14 and and CC 7960 11390 15 of of IN 7960 11390 16 all all DT 7960 11390 17 budding bud VBG 7960 11390 18 vegetation vegetation NN 7960 11390 19 . . . 7960 11391 1 The the DT 7960 11391 2 persons person NNS 7960 11391 3 who who WP 7960 11391 4 acted act VBD 7960 11391 5 as as IN 7960 11391 6 May May NNP 7960 11391 7 kings king NNS 7960 11391 8 and and CC 7960 11391 9 May May NNP 7960 11391 10 queens queen NNS 7960 11391 11 represented represent VBD 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Eve NNP 7960 11393 4 ( ( -LRB- 7960 11393 5 June June NNP 7960 11393 6 23 23 CD 7960 11393 7 ) ) -RRB- 7960 11393 8 , , , 7960 11393 9 which which WDT 7960 11393 10 marked mark VBD 7960 11393 11 the the DT 7960 11393 12 summer summer NN 7960 11393 13 solstice solstice NN 7960 11393 14 , , , 7960 11393 15 came come VBD 7960 11393 16 the the DT 7960 11393 17 fire fire NN 7960 11393 18 festival festival NN 7960 11393 19 , , , 7960 11393 20 when when WRB 7960 11393 21 people people NNS 7960 11393 22 built build VBD 7960 11393 23 bonfires bonfire NNS 7960 11393 24 and and CC 7960 11393 25 leaped leap VBD 7960 11393 26 over over IN 7960 11393 27 them -PRON- PRP 7960 11393 28 , , , 7960 11393 29 walked walk VBD 7960 11393 30 in in IN 7960 11393 31 procession procession NN 7960 11393 32 with with IN 7960 11393 33 torches torch NNS 7960 11393 34 round round IN 7960 11393 35 the the DT 7960 11393 36 fields field NNS 7960 11393 37 , , , 7960 11393 38 and and CC 7960 11393 39 rolled roll VBD 7960 11393 40 burning burn VBG 7960 11393 41 wheels wheel NNS 7960 11393 42 down down IN 7960 11393 43 the the DT 7960 11393 44 hillsides hillside NNS 7960 11393 45 . . . 7960 11394 1 These these DT 7960 11394 2 curious curious JJ 7960 11394 3 rites rite NNS 7960 11394 4 may may MD 7960 11394 5 have have VB 7960 11394 6 been be VBN 7960 11394 7 once once RB 7960 11394 8 connected connect VBN 7960 11394 9 with with IN 7960 11394 10 sun sun NN 7960 11394 11 worship worship NN 7960 11394 12 . . . 7960 11395 1 Hallow Hallow NNP 7960 11395 2 Eve Eve NNP 7960 11395 3 , , , 7960 11395 4 so so RB 7960 11395 5 called call VBD 7960 11395 6 from from IN 7960 11395 7 being be VBG 7960 11395 8 the the DT 7960 11395 9 eve eve NN 7960 11395 10 of of IN 7960 11395 11 All all DT 7960 11395 12 Saints saint NNS 7960 11395 13 ' ' POS 7960 11395 14 Day day NN 7960 11395 15 ( ( -LRB- 7960 11395 16 November November NNP 7960 11395 17 1 1 CD 7960 11395 18 ) ) -RRB- 7960 11395 19 , , , 7960 11395 20 also also RB 7960 11395 21 seems seem VBZ 7960 11395 22 to to TO 7960 11395 23 have have VB 7960 11395 24 been be VBN 7960 11395 25 a a DT 7960 11395 26 survival survival NN 7960 11395 27 of of IN 7960 11395 28 a a DT 7960 11395 29 heathen heathen NNP 7960 11395 30 celebration celebration NN 7960 11395 31 . . . 7960 11396 1 On on IN 7960 11396 2 this this DT 7960 11396 3 night night NN 7960 11396 4 witches witch NNS 7960 11396 5 and and CC 7960 11396 6 fairies fairy NNS 7960 11396 7 were be VBD 7960 11396 8 supposed suppose VBN 7960 11396 9 to to TO 7960 11396 10 assemble assemble VB 7960 11396 11 . . . 7960 11397 1 Hallow Hallow NNP 7960 11397 2 Eve Eve NNP 7960 11397 3 does do VBZ 7960 11397 4 not not RB 7960 11397 5 appear appear VB 7960 11397 6 to to TO 7960 11397 7 have have VB 7960 11397 8 been be VBN 7960 11397 9 a a DT 7960 11397 10 season season NN 7960 11397 11 for for IN 7960 11397 12 pranks prank NNS 7960 11397 13 and and CC 7960 11397 14 jokes joke NNS 7960 11397 15 , , , 7960 11397 16 as as IN 7960 11397 17 is be VBZ 7960 11397 18 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 11397 19 present present JJ 7960 11397 20 degenerate degenerate NN 7960 11397 21 form form NN 7960 11397 22 . . . 7960 11398 1 Even even RB 7960 11398 2 the the DT 7960 11398 3 festival festival NN 7960 11398 4 of of IN 7960 11398 5 Christmas Christmas NNP 7960 11398 6 , , , 7960 11398 7 coming come VBG 7960 11398 8 at at IN 7960 11398 9 the the DT 7960 11398 10 winter winter NN 7960 11398 11 solstice solstice NN 7960 11398 12 , , , 7960 11398 13 kept keep VBD 7960 11398 14 some some DT 7960 11398 15 heathen heathen NN 7960 11398 16 features feature NNS 7960 11398 17 , , , 7960 11398 18 such such JJ 7960 11398 19 as as IN 7960 11398 20 the the DT 7960 11398 21 use use NN 7960 11398 22 of of IN 7960 11398 23 mistletoe mistletoe NN 7960 11398 24 with with IN 7960 11398 25 which which WDT 7960 11398 26 Celtic celtic JJ 7960 11398 27 priests priest NNS 7960 11398 28 once once RB 7960 11398 29 decked deck VBD 7960 11398 30 the the DT 7960 11398 31 altars altar NNS 7960 11398 32 of of IN 7960 11398 33 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 11398 34 gods god NNS 7960 11398 35 . . . 7960 11399 1 The the DT 7960 11399 2 Christmas Christmas NNP 7960 11399 3 tree tree NN 7960 11399 4 , , , 7960 11399 5 however however RB 7960 11399 6 , , , 7960 11399 7 is be VBZ 7960 11399 8 not not RB 7960 11399 9 a a DT 7960 11399 10 relic relic NN 7960 11399 11 of of IN 7960 11399 12 heathenism heathenism NN 7960 11399 13 . . . 7960 11400 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 11400 2 seems seem VBZ 7960 11400 3 to to TO 7960 11400 4 have have VB 7960 11400 5 come come VBN 7960 11400 6 into into IN 7960 11400 7 use use NN 7960 11400 8 as as RB 7960 11400 9 late late RB 7960 11400 10 as as IN 7960 11400 11 the the DT 7960 11400 12 seventeenth seventeenth JJ 7960 11400 13 century century NN 7960 11400 14 . . . 7960 11401 1 THE the DT 7960 11401 2 MORRIS MORRIS NNP 7960 11401 3 DANCE DANCE NNP 7960 11401 4 Young young JJ 7960 11401 5 and and CC 7960 11401 6 old old JJ 7960 11401 7 took take VBD 7960 11401 8 part part NN 7960 11401 9 in in IN 7960 11401 10 the the DT 7960 11401 11 dances dance NNS 7960 11401 12 which which WDT 7960 11401 13 accompanied accompany VBD 7960 11401 14 village village NN 7960 11401 15 festivals festival NNS 7960 11401 16 . . . 7960 11402 1 Very very RB 7960 11402 2 popular popular JJ 7960 11402 3 in in IN 7960 11402 4 medieval medieval JJ 7960 11402 5 England England NNP 7960 11402 6 was be VBD 7960 11402 7 the the DT 7960 11402 8 Morris Morris NNP 7960 11402 9 dance dance NN 7960 11402 10 . . . 7960 11403 1 The the DT 7960 11403 2 name name NN 7960 11403 3 , , , 7960 11403 4 a a DT 7960 11403 5 corruption corruption NN 7960 11403 6 of of IN 7960 11403 7 Moorish Moorish NNP 7960 11403 8 , , , 7960 11403 9 refers refer VBZ 7960 11403 10 to to IN 7960 11403 11 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 11403 12 origin origin NN 7960 11403 13 in in IN 7960 11403 14 Spain Spain NNP 7960 11403 15 . . . 7960 11404 1 The the DT 7960 11404 2 Morris Morris NNP 7960 11404 3 dance dance NN 7960 11404 4 was be VBD 7960 11404 5 especially especially RB 7960 11404 6 associated associate VBN 7960 11404 7 with with IN 7960 11404 8 May May NNP 7960 11404 9 Day Day NNP 7960 11404 10 and and CC 7960 11404 11 was be VBD 7960 11404 12 danced dance VBN 7960 11404 13 round round RB 7960 11404 14 a a DT 7960 11404 15 May May NNP 7960 11404 16 pole pole NN 7960 11404 17 to to IN 7960 11404 18 a a DT 7960 11404 19 lively lively JJ 7960 11404 20 and and CC 7960 11404 21 capering capering NN 7960 11404 22 step step NN 7960 11404 23 . . . 7960 11405 1 The the DT 7960 11405 2 performers performer NNS 7960 11405 3 represented represent VBD 7960 11405 4 Robin Robin NNP 7960 11405 5 Hood Hood NNP 7960 11405 6 , , , 7960 11405 7 Maid Maid NNP 7960 11405 8 Marian Marian NNP 7960 11405 9 , , , 7960 11405 10 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 11405 11 wife wife NN 7960 11405 12 , , , 7960 11405 13 Tom Tom NNP 7960 11405 14 the the DT 7960 11405 15 Piper Piper NNP 7960 11405 16 , , , 7960 11405 17 and and CC 7960 11405 18 other other JJ 7960 11405 19 traditional traditional JJ 7960 11405 20 characters character NNS 7960 11405 21 . . . 7960 11406 1 On on IN 7960 11406 2 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 11406 3 garments garment NNS 7960 11406 4 they -PRON- PRP 7960 11406 5 wore wear VBD 7960 11406 6 bells bell NNS 7960 11406 7 tuned tune VBN 7960 11406 8 to to IN 7960 11406 9 different different JJ 7960 11406 10 notes note NNS 7960 11406 11 , , , 7960 11406 12 so so IN 7960 11406 13 as as IN 7960 11406 14 to to TO 7960 11406 15 sound sound VB 7960 11406 16 in in IN 7960 11406 17 harmony harmony NN 7960 11406 18 . . . 7960 11407 1 MUMMING MUMMING NNP 7960 11407 2 Mumming Mumming NNP 7960 11407 3 had have VBD 7960 11407 4 a a DT 7960 11407 5 particular particular JJ 7960 11407 6 association association NN 7960 11407 7 with with IN 7960 11407 8 Christmas Christmas NNP 7960 11407 9 . . . 7960 11408 1 Mummers mummer NNS 7960 11408 2 were be VBD 7960 11408 3 bands band NNS 7960 11408 4 of of IN 7960 11408 5 men man NNS 7960 11408 6 and and CC 7960 11408 7 women woman NNS 7960 11408 8 who who WP 7960 11408 9 disguised disguise VBD 7960 11408 10 themselves -PRON- PRP 7960 11408 11 in in IN 7960 11408 12 masks mask NNS 7960 11408 13 and and CC 7960 11408 14 skins skin NNS 7960 11408 15 of of IN 7960 11408 16 animals animal NNS 7960 11408 17 and and CC 7960 11408 18 then then RB 7960 11408 19 serenaded serenade VBD 7960 11408 20 people people NNS 7960 11408 21 outside outside IN 7960 11408 22 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 11408 23 houses house NNS 7960 11408 24 . . . 7960 11409 1 Oftentimes oftentimes RB 7960 11409 2 the the DT 7960 11409 3 mummers mummer NNS 7960 11409 4 acted act VBD 7960 11409 5 out out RP 7960 11409 6 little little JJ 7960 11409 7 plays play NNS 7960 11409 8 in in IN 7960 11409 9 which which WDT 7960 11409 10 Father Father NNP 7960 11409 11 Christmas Christmas NNP 7960 11409 12 , , , 7960 11409 13 Old Old NNP 7960 11409 14 King King NNP 7960 11409 15 Cole Cole NNP 7960 11409 16 , , , 7960 11409 17 and and CC 7960 11409 18 St. St. NNP 7960 11409 19 George George NNP 7960 11409 20 were be VBD 7960 11409 21 familiar familiar JJ 7960 11409 22 figures figure NNS 7960 11409 23 . . . 7960 11410 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 11410 2 Illustration illustration NN 7960 11410 3 : : : 7960 11410 4 MUMMERS mummers RB 7960 11410 5 From from IN 7960 11410 6 a a DT 7960 11410 7 manuscript manuscript NN 7960 11410 8 now now RB 7960 11410 9 in in IN 7960 11410 10 the the DT 7960 11410 11 Bodleian Bodleian NNP 7960 11410 12 Library Library NNP 7960 11410 13 , , , 7960 11410 14 Oxford Oxford NNP 7960 11410 15 . . . 7960 11411 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 11411 2 was be VBD 7960 11411 3 written write VBN 7960 11411 4 and and CC 7960 11411 5 illuminated illuminate VBN 7960 11411 6 in in IN 7960 11411 7 the the DT 7960 11411 8 reign reign NN 7960 11411 9 of of IN 7960 11411 10 Edward Edward NNP 7960 11411 11 III III NNP 7960 11411 12 . . . 7960 11411 13 ] ] -RRB- 7960 11412 1 MIRACLE MIRACLE NNP 7960 11412 2 PLAYS PLAYS NNP 7960 11412 3 Besides besides IN 7960 11412 4 these these DT 7960 11412 5 village village NN 7960 11412 6 amusements amusement NNS 7960 11412 7 , , , 7960 11412 8 many many JJ 7960 11412 9 plays play NNS 7960 11412 10 of of IN 7960 11412 11 a a DT 7960 11412 12 religious religious JJ 7960 11412 13 character character NN 7960 11412 14 came come VBD 7960 11412 15 into into IN 7960 11412 16 vogue vogue NN 7960 11412 17 during during IN 7960 11412 18 the the DT 7960 11412 19 twelfth twelfth JJ 7960 11412 20 and and CC 7960 11412 21 thirteenth thirteenth JJ 7960 11412 22 centuries century NNS 7960 11412 23 . . . 7960 11413 1 The the DT 7960 11413 2 earliest early JJS 7960 11413 3 were be VBD 7960 11413 4 the the DT 7960 11413 5 miracle miracle NN 7960 11413 6 plays play VBZ 7960 11413 7 . . . 7960 11414 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 11414 2 presented present VBD 7960 11414 3 in in IN 7960 11414 4 dramatic dramatic JJ 7960 11414 5 form form NN 7960 11414 6 scenes scene NNS 7960 11414 7 from from IN 7960 11414 8 the the DT 7960 11414 9 Bible Bible NNP 7960 11414 10 and and CC 7960 11414 11 stories story NNS 7960 11414 12 of of IN 7960 11414 13 the the DT 7960 11414 14 saints saint NNS 7960 11414 15 or or CC 7960 11414 16 martyrs martyr NNS 7960 11414 17 . . . 7960 11415 1 The the DT 7960 11415 2 actors actor NNS 7960 11415 3 at at IN 7960 11415 4 first first RB 7960 11415 5 were be VBD 7960 11415 6 priests priest NNS 7960 11415 7 , , , 7960 11415 8 and and CC 7960 11415 9 the the DT 7960 11415 10 stage stage NN 7960 11415 11 was be VBD 7960 11415 12 the the DT 7960 11415 13 church church NN 7960 11415 14 itself -PRON- PRP 7960 11415 15 or or CC 7960 11415 16 the the DT 7960 11415 17 churchyard churchyard NN 7960 11415 18 . . . 7960 11416 1 This this DT 7960 11416 2 religious religious JJ 7960 11416 3 setting setting NN 7960 11416 4 did do VBD 7960 11416 5 not not RB 7960 11416 6 prevent prevent VB 7960 11416 7 the the DT 7960 11416 8 introduction introduction NN 7960 11416 9 of of IN 7960 11416 10 clowns clown NNS 7960 11416 11 and and CC 7960 11416 12 buffoons buffoon NNS 7960 11416 13 . . . 7960 11417 1 After after IN 7960 11417 2 a a DT 7960 11417 3 time time NN 7960 11417 4 the the DT 7960 11417 5 miracle miracle NN 7960 11417 6 play play NN 7960 11417 7 passed pass VBD 7960 11417 8 from from IN 7960 11417 9 the the DT 7960 11417 10 clergy clergy NNS 7960 11417 11 to to IN 7960 11417 12 the the DT 7960 11417 13 guilds guild NNS 7960 11417 14 . . . 7960 11418 1 All all PDT 7960 11418 2 the the DT 7960 11418 3 guilds guild NNS 7960 11418 4 of of IN 7960 11418 5 a a DT 7960 11418 6 town town NN 7960 11418 7 usually usually RB 7960 11418 8 gave give VBD 7960 11418 9 an an DT 7960 11418 10 exhibition exhibition NN 7960 11418 11 once once IN 7960 11418 12 a a DT 7960 11418 13 year year NN 7960 11418 14 . . . 7960 11419 1 Each each DT 7960 11419 2 guild guild NN 7960 11419 3 presented present VBD 7960 11419 4 a a DT 7960 11419 5 single single JJ 7960 11419 6 scene scene NN 7960 11419 7 in in IN 7960 11419 8 the the DT 7960 11419 9 story story NN 7960 11419 10 . . . 7960 11420 1 An an DT 7960 11420 2 exhibition exhibition NN 7960 11420 3 might may MD 7960 11420 4 last last VB 7960 11420 5 for for IN 7960 11420 6 several several JJ 7960 11420 7 days day NNS 7960 11420 8 and and CC 7960 11420 9 have have VBP 7960 11420 10 as as RB 7960 11420 11 many many JJ 7960 11420 12 as as IN 7960 11420 13 fifty fifty CD 7960 11420 14 scenes scene NNS 7960 11420 15 , , , 7960 11420 16 beginning begin VBG 7960 11420 17 at at IN 7960 11420 18 Creation Creation NNP 7960 11420 19 and and CC 7960 11420 20 ending end VBG 7960 11420 21 with with IN 7960 11420 22 Doomsday Doomsday NNP 7960 11420 23 . . . 7960 11421 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 11421 2 35 35 CD 7960 11421 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 11421 4 [ [ -LRB- 7960 11421 5 Illustration illustration NN 7960 11421 6 : : : 7960 11421 7 A a DT 7960 11421 8 MIRACLE MIRACLE NNP 7960 11421 9 PLAY PLAY NNP 7960 11421 10 AT at IN 7960 11421 11 COVENTRY COVENTRY NNP 7960 11421 12 , , , 7960 11421 13 ENGLAND ENGLAND NNP 7960 11421 14 The the DT 7960 11421 15 rude rude JJ 7960 11421 16 platform platform NN 7960 11421 17 on on IN 7960 11421 18 wheels wheel NNS 7960 11421 19 which which WDT 7960 11421 20 served serve VBD 7960 11421 21 as as IN 7960 11421 22 a a DT 7960 11421 23 stage stage NN 7960 11421 24 , , , 7960 11421 25 was be VBD 7960 11421 26 drawn draw VBN 7960 11421 27 by by IN 7960 11421 28 apprentices apprentice NNS 7960 11421 29 to to IN 7960 11421 30 the the DT 7960 11421 31 market market NN 7960 11421 32 place place NN 7960 11421 33 . . . 7960 11422 1 Each each DT 7960 11422 2 guild guild NN 7960 11422 3 had have VBD 7960 11422 4 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 11422 5 own own JJ 7960 11422 6 stage stage NN 7960 11422 7 . . . 7960 11422 8 ] ] -RRB- 7960 11423 1 MORALITY MORALITY NNP 7960 11423 2 PLAYS play VBZ 7960 11423 3 The the DT 7960 11423 4 miracle miracle NN 7960 11423 5 plays play NNS 7960 11423 6 were be VBD 7960 11423 7 followed follow VBN 7960 11423 8 by by IN 7960 11423 9 the the DT 7960 11423 10 " " `` 7960 11423 11 moralities morality NNS 7960 11423 12 . . . 7960 11423 13 " " '' 7960 11424 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 11424 2 dealt deal VBD 7960 11424 3 with with IN 7960 11424 4 the the DT 7960 11424 5 struggle struggle NN 7960 11424 6 between between IN 7960 11424 7 good good NN 7960 11424 8 and and CC 7960 11424 9 evil evil NN 7960 11424 10 , , , 7960 11424 11 rather rather RB 7960 11424 12 than than IN 7960 11424 13 with with IN 7960 11424 14 theology theology NN 7960 11424 15 . . . 7960 11425 1 Characters character NNS 7960 11425 2 such such JJ 7960 11425 3 as as IN 7960 11425 4 Charity Charity NNP 7960 11425 5 , , , 7960 11425 6 Faith Faith NNP 7960 11425 7 , , , 7960 11425 8 Prudence Prudence NNP 7960 11425 9 , , , 7960 11425 10 Riches Riches NNP 7960 11425 11 , , , 7960 11425 12 Confession Confession NNP 7960 11425 13 , , , 7960 11425 14 and and CC 7960 11425 15 Death death NN 7960 11425 16 appeared appear VBD 7960 11425 17 and and CC 7960 11425 18 enacted enact VBD 7960 11425 19 a a DT 7960 11425 20 story story NN 7960 11425 21 intended intend VBN 7960 11425 22 to to TO 7960 11425 23 teach teach VB 7960 11425 24 moral moral JJ 7960 11425 25 lessons lesson NNS 7960 11425 26 . . . 7960 11426 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 11426 2 36 36 CD 7960 11426 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 11426 4 Out out IN 7960 11426 5 of of IN 7960 11426 6 the the DT 7960 11426 7 rude rude JJ 7960 11426 8 " " `` 7960 11426 9 morality morality NN 7960 11426 10 " " '' 7960 11426 11 and and CC 7960 11426 12 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 11426 13 predecessor predecessor NN 7960 11426 14 , , , 7960 11426 15 the the DT 7960 11426 16 miracle miracle NN 7960 11426 17 play play NN 7960 11426 18 , , , 7960 11426 19 has have VBZ 7960 11426 20 grown grow VBN 7960 11426 21 the the DT 7960 11426 22 drama drama NN 7960 11426 23 of of IN 7960 11426 24 modern modern JJ 7960 11426 25 times time NNS 7960 11426 26 . . . 7960 11427 1 208 208 CD 7960 11427 2 . . . 7960 11428 1 MANNERS manner NNS 7960 11428 2 AND and CC 7960 11428 3 CUSTOMS customs NN 7960 11428 4 DWELLINGS dwelling NNS 7960 11428 5 A a DT 7960 11428 6 previous previous JJ 7960 11428 7 chapter chapter NN 7960 11428 8 ( ( -LRB- 7960 11428 9 Chapter chapter NN 7960 11428 10 XVIII XVIII NNP 7960 11428 11 . . . 7960 11428 12 ) ) -RRB- 7960 11429 1 described describe VBD 7960 11429 2 some some DT 7960 11429 3 features feature NNS 7960 11429 4 of of IN 7960 11429 5 domestic domestic JJ 7960 11429 6 life life NN 7960 11429 7 in in IN 7960 11429 8 castle castle NN 7960 11429 9 and and CC 7960 11429 10 village village NN 7960 11429 11 during during IN 7960 11429 12 the the DT 7960 11429 13 age age NN 7960 11429 14 of of IN 7960 11429 15 feudalism feudalism NN 7960 11429 16 . . . 7960 11430 1 In in IN 7960 11430 2 England England NNP 7960 11430 3 , , , 7960 11430 4 where where WRB 7960 11430 5 the the DT 7960 11430 6 Norman Norman NNP 7960 11430 7 kings king NNS 7960 11430 8 discouraged discourage VBD 7960 11430 9 castle castle NN 7960 11430 10 building building NN 7960 11430 11 , , , 7960 11430 12 the the DT 7960 11430 13 manor manor NN 7960 11430 14 house house NN 7960 11430 15 formed form VBD 7960 11430 16 the the DT 7960 11430 17 ordinary ordinary JJ 7960 11430 18 residence residence NN 7960 11430 19 of of IN 7960 11430 20 the the DT 7960 11430 21 nobility nobility NN 7960 11430 22 . . . 7960 11431 1 Even even RB 7960 11431 2 in in IN 7960 11431 3 Continental Continental NNP 7960 11431 4 Europe Europe NNP 7960 11431 5 many many JJ 7960 11431 6 castles castle NNS 7960 11431 7 were be VBD 7960 11431 8 gradually gradually RB 7960 11431 9 made make VBN 7960 11431 10 over over RP 7960 11431 11 into into IN 7960 11431 12 manor manor NN 7960 11431 13 houses house NNS 7960 11431 14 after after IN 7960 11431 15 the the DT 7960 11431 16 cessation cessation NN 7960 11431 17 of of IN 7960 11431 18 feudal feudal JJ 7960 11431 19 warfare warfare NN 7960 11431 20 . . . 7960 11432 1 A a DT 7960 11432 2 manor manor NN 7960 11432 3 house house NN 7960 11432 4 , , , 7960 11432 5 however however RB 7960 11432 6 , , , 7960 11432 7 was be VBD 7960 11432 8 only only RB 7960 11432 9 less less RBR 7960 11432 10 bare bare JJ 7960 11432 11 and and CC 7960 11432 12 inconvenient inconvenient JJ 7960 11432 13 than than IN 7960 11432 14 a a DT 7960 11432 15 castle castle NN 7960 11432 16 . . . 7960 11433 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 11433 2 was be VBD 7960 11433 3 still still RB 7960 11433 4 poorly poorly RB 7960 11433 5 lighted light VBN 7960 11433 6 , , , 7960 11433 7 ill ill RB 7960 11433 8 - - HYPH 7960 11433 9 ventilated ventilated JJ 7960 11433 10 , , , 7960 11433 11 and and CC 7960 11433 12 in in IN 7960 11433 13 winter winter NN 7960 11433 14 scarcely scarcely RB 7960 11433 15 warmed warm VBN 7960 11433 16 by by IN 7960 11433 17 the the DT 7960 11433 18 open open JJ 7960 11433 19 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windows window NNS 7960 11434 36 for for IN 7960 11434 37 wooden wooden JJ 7960 11434 38 shutters shutter NNS 7960 11434 39 or or CC 7960 11434 40 oiled oiled JJ 7960 11434 41 paper paper NN 7960 11434 42 . . . 7960 11435 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 11435 2 Illustration illustration NN 7960 11435 3 : : : 7960 11435 4 MANOR manor NN 7960 11435 5 HOUSE HOUSE NNP 7960 11435 6 IN in IN 7960 11435 7 SHROPSHIRE SHROPSHIRE NNP 7960 11435 8 , , , 7960 11435 9 ENGLAND ENGLAND NNP 7960 11435 10 Built build VBN 7960 11435 11 in in IN 7960 11435 12 the the DT 7960 11435 13 twelfth twelfth JJ 7960 11435 14 century century NN 7960 11435 15 . . . 7960 11435 16 ] ] -RRB- 7960 11436 1 FURNITURE FURNITURE NNP 7960 11436 2 People People NNS 7960 11436 3 in in IN 7960 11436 4 the the DT 7960 11436 5 Middle Middle NNP 7960 11436 6 Ages Ages NNPS 7960 11436 7 , , , 7960 11436 8 even even RB 7960 11436 9 the the DT 7960 11436 10 well well NN 7960 11436 11 - - HYPH 7960 11436 12 to to NN 7960 11436 13 - - HYPH 7960 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seems seem VBZ 7960 11456 7 to to TO 7960 11456 8 have have VB 7960 11456 9 been be VBN 7960 11456 10 due due JJ 7960 11456 11 to to IN 7960 11456 12 contact contact NN 7960 11456 13 with with IN 7960 11456 14 the the DT 7960 11456 15 East East NNP 7960 11456 16 during during IN 7960 11456 17 the the DT 7960 11456 18 crusading crusading JJ 7960 11456 19 period period NN 7960 11456 20 . . . 7960 11457 1 BATHS bath NNS 7960 11457 2 AND and CC 7960 11457 3 BATHING BATHING NNP 7960 11457 4 Regular Regular NNP 7960 11457 5 bathing bathing NN 7960 11457 6 was be VBD 7960 11457 7 not not RB 7960 11457 8 by by IN 7960 11457 9 any any DT 7960 11457 10 means mean NNS 7960 11457 11 neglected neglect VBN 7960 11457 12 during during IN 7960 11457 13 the the DT 7960 11457 14 later later JJ 7960 11457 15 Middle Middle NNP 7960 11457 16 Ages Ages NNP 7960 11457 17 . . . 7960 11458 1 In in IN 7960 11458 2 the the DT 7960 11458 3 country country NN 7960 11458 4 districts district NNS 7960 11458 5 river 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the DT 7960 11465 10 Middle Middle NNP 7960 11465 11 Ages Ages NNP 7960 11465 12 , , , 7960 11465 13 but but CC 7960 11465 14 the the DT 7960 11465 15 open open JJ 7960 11465 16 - - HYPH 7960 11465 17 air air NN 7960 11465 18 life life NN 7960 11465 19 and and CC 7960 11465 20 constant constant JJ 7960 11465 21 exercise exercise NN 7960 11465 22 enabled enable VBD 7960 11465 23 men man NNS 7960 11465 24 and and CC 7960 11465 25 women woman NNS 7960 11465 26 to to TO 7960 11465 27 digest digest VB 7960 11465 28 the the DT 7960 11465 29 huge huge JJ 7960 11465 30 quantities quantity NNS 7960 11465 31 of of IN 7960 11465 32 food food NN 7960 11465 33 they -PRON- PRP 7960 11465 34 consumed consume VBD 7960 11465 35 . . . 7960 11466 1 TABLE TABLE VBZ 7960 11466 2 ETIQUETTE etiquette JJ 7960 11466 3 People People NNS 7960 11466 4 in in IN 7960 11466 5 medieval medieval JJ 7960 11466 6 times time NNS 7960 11466 7 had have VBD 7960 11466 8 no no DT 7960 11466 9 knives knife NNS 7960 11466 10 or or CC 7960 11466 11 forks fork NNS 7960 11466 12 and and CC 7960 11466 13 consequently consequently RB 7960 11466 14 ate eat VBD 7960 11466 15 with with IN 7960 11466 16 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 11466 17 fingers finger NNS 7960 11466 18 . . . 7960 11467 1 Daggers dagger NNS 7960 11467 2 also also RB 7960 11467 3 were be VBD 7960 11467 4 employed employ VBN 7960 11467 5 to to TO 7960 11467 6 convey convey VB 7960 11467 7 food food NN 7960 11467 8 to to IN 7960 11467 9 the the DT 7960 11467 10 mouth mouth NN 7960 11467 11 . . . 7960 11468 1 Forks fork NNS 7960 11468 2 date date NN 7960 11468 3 from from IN 7960 11468 4 the the DT 7960 11468 5 end end NN 7960 11468 6 of of IN 7960 11468 7 the the DT 7960 11468 8 thirteenth thirteenth JJ 7960 11468 9 century century NN 7960 11468 10 , , , 7960 11468 11 but but CC 7960 11468 12 were be VBD 7960 11468 13 adopted adopt VBN 7960 11468 14 only only RB 7960 11468 15 slowly slowly RB 7960 11468 16 . . . 7960 11469 1 As as RB 7960 11469 2 late late RB 7960 11469 3 as as IN 7960 11469 4 the the DT 7960 11469 5 sixteenth sixteenth JJ 7960 11469 6 century century NN 7960 11469 7 German german JJ 7960 11469 8 preachers preacher NNS 7960 11469 9 condemned condemn VBD 7960 11469 10 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 11469 11 use use NN 7960 11469 12 , , , 7960 11469 13 for for IN 7960 11469 14 , , , 7960 11469 15 said say VBD 7960 11469 16 they -PRON- PRP 7960 11469 17 , , , 7960 11469 18 the the DT 7960 11469 19 Lord Lord NNP 7960 11469 20 would would MD 7960 11469 21 not not RB 7960 11469 22 have have VB 7960 11469 23 given give VBN 7960 11469 24 us -PRON- PRP 7960 11469 25 fingers finger NNS 7960 11469 26 if if IN 7960 11469 27 he -PRON- PRP 7960 11469 28 had have VBD 7960 11469 29 wanted want VBN 7960 11469 30 us -PRON- PRP 7960 11469 31 to to TO 7960 11469 32 rely rely VB 7960 11469 33 on on IN 7960 11469 34 forks fork NNS 7960 11469 35 . . . 7960 11470 1 Napkins napkin NNS 7960 11470 2 were be VBD 7960 11470 3 another another DT 7960 11470 4 table table NN 7960 11470 5 convenience convenience NN 7960 11470 6 unknown unknown JJ 7960 11470 7 in in IN 7960 11470 8 the the DT 7960 11470 9 Middle Middle NNP 7960 11470 10 Ages Ages NNPS 7960 11470 11 . . . 7960 11471 1 DRINKING drinking NN 7960 11471 2 In in IN 7960 11471 3 the the DT 7960 11471 4 absence absence NN 7960 11471 5 of of IN 7960 11471 6 tea tea NN 7960 11471 7 and and CC 7960 11471 8 coffee coffee NN 7960 11471 9 , , , 7960 11471 10 ale ale NN 7960 11471 11 and and CC 7960 11471 12 beer beer NN 7960 11471 13 formed form VBD 7960 11471 14 the the DT 7960 11471 15 drink drink NN 7960 11471 16 of of IN 7960 11471 17 the the DT 7960 11471 18 common common JJ 7960 11471 19 people people NNS 7960 11471 20 . . . 7960 11472 1 The the DT 7960 11472 2 upper upper JJ 7960 11472 3 classes class NNS 7960 11472 4 regaled regale VBD 7960 11472 5 themselves -PRON- PRP 7960 11472 6 on on IN 7960 11472 7 costly costly JJ 7960 11472 8 wines wine NNS 7960 11472 9 . . . 7960 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VBG 7960 11474 27 inebriety inebriety NN 7960 11474 28 . . . 7960 11475 1 But but CC 7960 11475 2 doubtless doubtless RB 7960 11475 3 in in IN 7960 11475 4 large large JJ 7960 11475 5 measure measure NN 7960 11475 6 it -PRON- PRP 7960 11475 7 was be VBD 7960 11475 8 a a DT 7960 11475 9 Teutonic Teutonic NNP 7960 11475 10 characteristic characteristic NN 7960 11475 11 . . . 7960 11476 1 The the DT 7960 11476 2 Northmen Northmen NNP 7960 11476 3 were be VBD 7960 11476 4 hard hard JJ 7960 11476 5 drinkers drinker NNS 7960 11476 6 , , , 7960 11476 7 and and CC 7960 11476 8 of of IN 7960 11476 9 the the DT 7960 11476 10 ancient ancient JJ 7960 11476 11 Germans Germans NNPS 7960 11476 12 a a DT 7960 11476 13 Roman roman JJ 7960 11476 14 writer writer NN 7960 11476 15 states state VBZ 7960 11476 16 that that IN 7960 11476 17 " " `` 7960 11476 18 to to TO 7960 11476 19 pass pass VB 7960 11476 20 an an DT 7960 11476 21 entire entire JJ 7960 11476 22 day day NN 7960 11476 23 and and CC 7960 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41 Europe Europe NNP 7960 11479 42 , , , 7960 11479 43 whether whether IN 7960 11479 44 as as IN 7960 11479 45 peaceful peaceful JJ 7960 11479 46 pilgrims pilgrim NNS 7960 11479 47 or or CC 7960 11479 48 as as IN 7960 11479 49 warlike warlike JJ 7960 11479 50 crusaders crusader NNS 7960 11479 51 , , , 7960 11479 52 had have VBD 7960 11479 53 visited visit VBN 7960 11479 54 Constantinople Constantinople NNP 7960 11479 55 and and CC 7960 11479 56 the the DT 7960 11479 57 Holy Holy NNP 7960 11479 58 Land Land NNP 7960 11479 59 , , , 7960 11479 60 men man NNS 7960 11479 61 's 's POS 7960 11479 62 minds mind NNS 7960 11479 63 received receive VBD 7960 11479 64 a a DT 7960 11479 65 wonderful wonderful JJ 7960 11479 66 stimulus stimulus NN 7960 11479 67 . . . 7960 11480 1 The the DT 7960 11480 2 intellectual intellectual JJ 7960 11480 3 life life NN 7960 11480 4 of of IN 7960 11480 5 Europe Europe NNP 7960 11480 6 was be VBD 7960 11480 7 " " `` 7960 11480 8 speeded speed VBN 7960 11480 9 up up RP 7960 11480 10 , , , 7960 11480 11 " " '' 7960 11480 12 and and CC 7960 11480 13 the the DT 7960 11480 14 way way NN 7960 11480 15 was be VBD 7960 11480 16 prepared prepare VBN 7960 11480 17 for for IN 7960 11480 18 the the DT 7960 11480 19 even even RB 7960 11480 20 more more RBR 7960 11480 21 rapid rapid JJ 7960 11480 22 advance advance NN 7960 11480 23 of of IN 7960 11480 24 knowledge knowledge NN 7960 11480 25 in in IN 7960 11480 26 the the DT 7960 11480 27 fourteenth fourteenth JJ 7960 11480 28 and and CC 7960 11480 29 fifteenth fifteenth JJ 7960 11480 30 centuries century NNS 7960 11480 31 , , , 7960 11480 32 as as IN 7960 11480 33 the the DT 7960 11480 34 Middle Middle NNP 7960 11480 35 Ages Ages NNPS 7960 11480 36 passed pass VBD 7960 11480 37 into into IN 7960 11480 38 modern modern JJ 7960 11480 39 times time NNS 7960 11480 40 . . . 7960 11481 1 STUDIES STUDIES NNP 7960 11481 2 1 1 CD 7960 11481 3 . . . 7960 11482 1 Look look VB 7960 11482 2 up up RP 7960 11482 3 on on IN 7960 11482 4 the the DT 7960 11482 5 map map NN 7960 11482 6 between between IN 7960 11482 7 pages page NNS 7960 11482 8 358 358 CD 7960 11482 9 - - SYM 7960 11482 10 359 359 CD 7960 11482 11 the the DT 7960 11482 12 following follow VBG 7960 11482 13 places place NNS 7960 11482 14 where where WRB 7960 11482 15 Gothic gothic JJ 7960 11482 16 cathedrals cathedral NNS 7960 11482 17 are be VBP 7960 11482 18 found find VBN 7960 11482 19 : : : 7960 11482 20 Canterbury Canterbury NNP 7960 11482 21 , , , 7960 11482 22 York York NNP 7960 11482 23 , , , 7960 11482 24 Salisbury Salisbury NNP 7960 11482 25 , , , 7960 11482 26 Reims Reims NNPS 7960 11482 27 , , , 7960 11482 28 Amiens Amiens NNPS 7960 11482 29 , , , 7960 11482 30 Chartres Chartres NNP 7960 11482 31 , , , 7960 11482 32 Cologne Cologne NNP 7960 11482 33 , , , 7960 11482 34 Strassburg Strassburg NNP 7960 11482 35 , , , 7960 11482 36 Burgos Burgos NNP 7960 11482 37 , , , 7960 11482 38 Toledo Toledo NNP 7960 11482 39 , , , 7960 11482 40 and and CC 7960 11482 41 Milan Milan NNP 7960 11482 42 . . . 7960 11483 1 2 2 LS 7960 11483 2 . . . 7960 11484 1 Look look VB 7960 11484 2 up up RP 7960 11484 3 on on IN 7960 11484 4 the the DT 7960 11484 5 map map NN 7960 11484 6 facing face VBG 7960 11484 7 page page NN 7960 11484 8 654 654 CD 7960 11484 9 the the DT 7960 11484 10 location location NN 7960 11484 11 of of IN 7960 11484 12 the the DT 7960 11484 13 following following JJ 7960 11484 14 medieval medieval JJ 7960 11484 15 universities university NNS 7960 11484 16 : : : 7960 11484 17 Oxford Oxford NNP 7960 11484 18 , , , 7960 11484 19 Montpellier Montpellier NNP 7960 11484 20 , , , 7960 11484 21 Paris Paris NNP 7960 11484 22 , , , 7960 11484 23 Orléans Orléans NNP 7960 11484 24 , , , 7960 11484 25 Cologne Cologne NNP 7960 11484 26 , , , 7960 11484 27 Leipzig Leipzig NNP 7960 11484 28 , , , 7960 11484 29 Prague Prague NNP 7960 11484 30 , , , 7960 11484 31 Naples Naples NNP 7960 11484 32 , , , 7960 11484 33 and and CC 7960 11484 34 Salamanca Salamanca NNP 7960 11484 35 . . . 7960 11485 1 3 3 LS 7960 11485 2 . . . 7960 11486 1 Explain explain VB 7960 11486 2 the the DT 7960 11486 3 following follow VBG 7960 11486 4 terms term NNS 7960 11486 5 : : : 7960 11486 6 scholasticism scholasticism NN 7960 11486 7 ; ; : 7960 11486 8 canon canon NNP 7960 11486 9 law law NNP 7960 11486 10 ; ; : 7960 11486 11 alchemy alchemy NN 7960 11486 12 ; ; : 7960 11486 13 troubadours troubadour VBZ 7960 11486 14 ; ; : 7960 11486 15 Provençal Provençal NNP 7960 11486 16 language language NN 7960 11486 17 ; ; : 7960 11486 18 transept transept JJ 7960 11486 19 ; ; : 7960 11486 20 choir choir NN 7960 11486 21 ; ; : 7960 11486 22 flying fly VBG 7960 11486 23 buttress buttress NN 7960 11486 24 ; ; : 7960 11486 25 werewolf werewolf NN 7960 11486 26 ; ; , 7960 11486 27 and and CC 7960 11486 28 mumming mumming NN 7960 11486 29 . . . 7960 11487 1 4 4 LS 7960 11487 2 . . . 7960 11487 3 Who who WP 7960 11487 4 were be VBD 7960 11487 5 St. St. NNP 7960 11487 6 Thomas Thomas NNP 7960 11487 7 Aquinas Aquinas NNP 7960 11487 8 , , , 7960 11487 9 Abelard Abelard NNP 7960 11487 10 , , , 7960 11487 11 Gratian Gratian NNP 7960 11487 12 , , , 7960 11487 13 Irnerius Irnerius NNP 7960 11487 14 , , , 7960 11487 15 and and CC 7960 11487 16 Roger Roger NNP 7960 11487 17 Bacon Bacon NNP 7960 11487 18 ? ? . 7960 11488 1 5 5 CD 7960 11488 2 . . . 7960 11489 1 Show show VB 7960 11489 2 how how WRB 7960 11489 3 Latin Latin NNP 7960 11489 4 served serve VBD 7960 11489 5 as as IN 7960 11489 6 an an DT 7960 11489 7 international international JJ 7960 11489 8 language language NN 7960 11489 9 in in IN 7960 11489 10 the the DT 7960 11489 11 Middle Middle NNP 7960 11489 12 Ages Ages NNPS 7960 11489 13 . . . 7960 11490 1 Name name VB 7960 11490 2 two two CD 7960 11490 3 artificial artificial JJ 7960 11490 4 languages language NNS 7960 11490 5 which which WDT 7960 11490 6 have have VBP 7960 11490 7 been be VBN 7960 11490 8 invented invent VBN 7960 11490 9 as as IN 7960 11490 10 a a DT 7960 11490 11 substitute substitute NN 7960 11490 12 for for IN 7960 11490 13 Latin Latin NNP 7960 11490 14 . . . 7960 11491 1 6 6 CD 7960 11491 2 . . . 7960 11492 1 What what WP 7960 11492 2 is be VBZ 7960 11492 3 meant mean VBN 7960 11492 4 by by IN 7960 11492 5 saying say VBG 7960 11492 6 that that IN 7960 11492 7 " " `` 7960 11492 8 French French NNP 7960 11492 9 is be VBZ 7960 11492 10 a a DT 7960 11492 11 mere mere JJ 7960 11492 12 _ _ NNP 7960 11492 13 patois patois NN 7960 11492 14 _ _ NNP 7960 11492 15 of of IN 7960 11492 16 Latin Latin NNP 7960 11492 17 " " '' 7960 11492 18 ? ? . 7960 11493 1 7 7 LS 7960 11493 2 . . . 7960 11494 1 In in IN 7960 11494 2 what what WP 7960 11494 3 parts part NNS 7960 11494 4 of of IN 7960 11494 5 the the DT 7960 11494 6 world world NN 7960 11494 7 is be VBZ 7960 11494 8 English English NNP 7960 11494 9 now now RB 7960 11494 10 the the DT 7960 11494 11 prevailing prevailing JJ 7960 11494 12 speech speech NN 7960 11494 13 ? ? . 7960 11495 1 8 8 LS 7960 11495 2 . . . 7960 11496 1 Why why WRB 7960 11496 2 has have VBZ 7960 11496 3 Siegfried siegfrie VBN 7960 11496 4 , , , 7960 11496 5 the the DT 7960 11496 6 hero hero NN 7960 11496 7 of of IN 7960 11496 8 the the DT 7960 11496 9 _ _ NNP 7960 11496 10 Nibelungenlied Nibelungenlied NNP 7960 11496 11 _ _ NNP 7960 11496 12 , , , 7960 11496 13 been be VBN 7960 11496 14 called call VBN 7960 11496 15 the the DT 7960 11496 16 " " `` 7960 11496 17 Achilles Achilles NNP 7960 11496 18 of of IN 7960 11496 19 Teutonic Teutonic NNP 7960 11496 20 legend legend NN 7960 11496 21 " " '' 7960 11496 22 ? ? . 7960 11497 1 9 9 CD 7960 11497 2 . . . 7960 11498 1 What what WDT 7960 11498 2 productions production NNS 7960 11498 3 of of IN 7960 11498 4 medieval medieval JJ 7960 11498 5 literature literature NN 7960 11498 6 reflect reflect VBP 7960 11498 7 aristocratic aristocratic JJ 7960 11498 8 and and CC 7960 11498 9 democratic democratic JJ 7960 11498 10 ideals ideal NNS 7960 11498 11 , , , 7960 11498 12 respectively respectively RB 7960 11498 13 ? ? . 7960 11499 1 10 10 CD 7960 11499 2 . . . 7960 11500 1 Distinguish distinguish JJ 7960 11500 2 between between IN 7960 11500 3 the the DT 7960 11500 4 Romanesque romanesque JJ 7960 11500 5 and and CC 7960 11500 6 Gothic gothic JJ 7960 11500 7 styles style NNS 7960 11500 8 of of IN 7960 11500 9 architecture architecture NN 7960 11500 10 . . . 7960 11501 1 What what WP 7960 11501 2 is be VBZ 7960 11501 3 the the DT 7960 11501 4 origin origin NN 7960 11501 5 of of IN 7960 11501 6 each each DT 7960 11501 7 term term NN 7960 11501 8 ? ? . 7960 11502 1 11 11 CD 7960 11502 2 . . . 7960 11503 1 Compare compare VB 7960 11503 2 the the DT 7960 11503 3 ground ground NN 7960 11503 4 plans plan NNS 7960 11503 5 of of IN 7960 11503 6 a a DT 7960 11503 7 Greek greek JJ 7960 11503 8 temple temple NN 7960 11503 9 ( ( -LRB- 7960 11503 10 page page NN 7960 11503 11 291 291 CD 7960 11503 12 ) ) -RRB- 7960 11503 13 , , , 7960 11503 14 a a DT 7960 11503 15 Roman roman JJ 7960 11503 16 basilica basilica NN 7960 11503 17 ( ( -LRB- 7960 11503 18 page page NN 7960 11503 19 284 284 CD 7960 11503 20 ) ) -RRB- 7960 11503 21 , , , 7960 11503 22 and and CC 7960 11503 23 a a DT 7960 11503 24 Gothic Gothic NNP 7960 11503 25 cathedral cathedral NN 7960 11503 26 ( ( -LRB- 7960 11503 27 page page NN 7960 11503 28 562 562 CD 7960 11503 29 ) ) -RRB- 7960 11503 30 . . . 7960 11504 1 12 12 CD 7960 11504 2 . . . 7960 11505 1 Contrast contrast VB 7960 11505 2 a a DT 7960 11505 3 Gothic Gothic NNP 7960 11505 4 cathedral cathedral NN 7960 11505 5 with with IN 7960 11505 6 a a DT 7960 11505 7 Greek greek JJ 7960 11505 8 temple temple NN 7960 11505 9 , , , 7960 11505 10 particularly particularly RB 7960 11505 11 in in IN 7960 11505 12 regard regard NN 7960 11505 13 to to IN 7960 11505 14 size size NN 7960 11505 15 , , , 7960 11505 16 height height NN 7960 11505 17 , , , 7960 11505 18 support support NN 7960 11505 19 of of IN 7960 11505 20 the the DT 7960 11505 21 roof roof NN 7960 11505 22 , , , 7960 11505 23 windows window NNS 7960 11505 24 , , , 7960 11505 25 and and CC 7960 11505 26 decorative decorative JJ 7960 11505 27 features feature NNS 7960 11505 28 . . . 7960 11506 1 13 13 CD 7960 11506 2 . . . 7960 11507 1 Why why WRB 7960 11507 2 is be VBZ 7960 11507 3 there there EX 7960 11507 4 some some DT 7960 11507 5 excuse excuse NN 7960 11507 6 for for IN 7960 11507 7 describing describe VBG 7960 11507 8 a a DT 7960 11507 9 Gothic gothic JJ 7960 11507 10 building building NN 7960 11507 11 as as IN 7960 11507 12 " " `` 7960 11507 13 a a DT 7960 11507 14 wall wall NN 7960 11507 15 of of IN 7960 11507 16 glass glass NN 7960 11507 17 with with IN 7960 11507 18 a a DT 7960 11507 19 roof roof NN 7960 11507 20 of of IN 7960 11507 21 stone stone NN 7960 11507 22 " " '' 7960 11507 23 ? ? . 7960 11508 1 14 14 CD 7960 11508 2 . . . 7960 11509 1 Do do VBP 7960 11509 2 you -PRON- PRP 7960 11509 3 see see VB 7960 11509 4 any any DT 7960 11509 5 resemblance resemblance NN 7960 11509 6 in in IN 7960 11509 7 structural structural JJ 7960 11509 8 features feature NNS 7960 11509 9 between between IN 7960 11509 10 a a DT 7960 11509 11 Gothic gothic JJ 7960 11509 12 cathedral cathedral NN 7960 11509 13 and and CC 7960 11509 14 a a DT 7960 11509 15 modern modern JJ 7960 11509 16 " " `` 7960 11509 17 sky sky NN 7960 11509 18 - - HYPH 7960 11509 19 scraper scraper NN 7960 11509 20 " " '' 7960 11509 21 ? ? . 7960 11510 1 15 15 CD 7960 11510 2 . . . 7960 11511 1 Mention mention VB 7960 11511 2 some some DT 7960 11511 3 likenesses likeness NNS 7960 11511 4 between between IN 7960 11511 5 medieval medieval JJ 7960 11511 6 and and CC 7960 11511 7 modern modern JJ 7960 11511 8 universities university NNS 7960 11511 9 . . . 7960 11512 1 16 16 CD 7960 11512 2 . . . 7960 11513 1 Mention mention VB 7960 11513 2 some some DT 7960 11513 3 important important JJ 7960 11513 4 subjects subject NNS 7960 11513 5 of of IN 7960 11513 6 instruction instruction NN 7960 11513 7 in in IN 7960 11513 8 modern modern JJ 7960 11513 9 universities university NNS 7960 11513 10 which which WDT 7960 11513 11 were be VBD 7960 11513 12 not not RB 7960 11513 13 treated treat VBN 7960 11513 14 in in IN 7960 11513 15 those those DT 7960 11513 16 of of IN 7960 11513 17 the the DT 7960 11513 18 Middle Middle NNP 7960 11513 19 Ages Ages NNPS 7960 11513 20 . . . 7960 11514 1 17 17 CD 7960 11514 2 . . . 7960 11515 1 Why why WRB 7960 11515 2 has have VBZ 7960 11515 3 scholasticism scholasticism NN 7960 11515 4 been be VBN 7960 11515 5 called call VBN 7960 11515 6 " " `` 7960 11515 7 a a DT 7960 11515 8 sort sort NN 7960 11515 9 of of IN 7960 11515 10 Aristotelian aristotelian JJ 7960 11515 11 Christianity Christianity NNP 7960 11515 12 " " '' 7960 11515 13 ? ? . 7960 11516 1 18 18 CD 7960 11516 2 . . . 7960 11517 1 Look look VB 7960 11517 2 up up RP 7960 11517 3 the the DT 7960 11517 4 original original JJ 7960 11517 5 meaning meaning NN 7960 11517 6 of of IN 7960 11517 7 the the DT 7960 11517 8 words word NNS 7960 11517 9 " " `` 7960 11517 10 jovial jovial JJ 7960 11517 11 , , , 7960 11517 12 " " '' 7960 11517 13 " " `` 7960 11517 14 saturnine saturnine NN 7960 11517 15 , , , 7960 11517 16 " " '' 7960 11517 17 " " `` 7960 11517 18 mercurial mercurial JJ 7960 11517 19 , , , 7960 11517 20 " " '' 7960 11517 21 " " `` 7960 11517 22 disastrous disastrous JJ 7960 11517 23 , , , 7960 11517 24 " " '' 7960 11517 25 " " `` 7960 11517 26 contemplate contemplate VB 7960 11517 27 , , , 7960 11517 28 " " '' 7960 11517 29 and and CC 7960 11517 30 " " `` 7960 11517 31 consider consider VB 7960 11517 32 . . . 7960 11517 33 " " '' 7960 11518 1 19 19 CD 7960 11518 2 . . . 7960 11519 1 Show show VB 7960 11519 2 the the DT 7960 11519 3 indebtedness indebtedness NN 7960 11519 4 of of IN 7960 11519 5 chemistry chemistry NN 7960 11519 6 to to TO 7960 11519 7 alchemy alchemy NNP 7960 11519 8 and and CC 7960 11519 9 of of IN 7960 11519 10 astronomy astronomy NN 7960 11519 11 to to IN 7960 11519 12 astrology astrology NN 7960 11519 13 . . . 7960 11520 1 20 20 CD 7960 11520 2 . . . 7960 11521 1 Mention mention VB 7960 11521 2 some some DT 7960 11521 3 common common JJ 7960 11521 4 folk folk NN 7960 11521 5 tales tale NNS 7960 11521 6 which which WDT 7960 11521 7 illustrate illustrate VBP 7960 11521 8 medieval medieval JJ 7960 11521 9 superstitions superstition NNS 7960 11521 10 . . . 7960 11522 1 21 21 CD 7960 11522 2 . . . 7960 11523 1 Why why WRB 7960 11523 2 was be VBD 7960 11523 3 Friday Friday NNP 7960 11523 4 regarded regard VBN 7960 11523 5 as as IN 7960 11523 6 a a DT 7960 11523 7 specially specially RB 7960 11523 8 unlucky unlucky JJ 7960 11523 9 day day NN 7960 11523 10 ? ? . 7960 11524 1 22 22 CD 7960 11524 2 . . . 7960 11525 1 Enumerate enumerate VB 7960 11525 2 the the DT 7960 11525 3 most most RBS 7960 11525 4 important important JJ 7960 11525 5 contributions contribution NNS 7960 11525 6 to to IN 7960 11525 7 civilization civilization NN 7960 11525 8 made make VBN 7960 11525 9 during during IN 7960 11525 10 the the DT 7960 11525 11 Middle Middle NNP 7960 11525 12 Ages Ages NNPS 7960 11525 13 . . . 7960 11526 1 FOOTNOTES FOOTNOTES NNP 7960 11526 2 [ [ -LRB- 7960 11526 3 1 1 CD 7960 11526 4 ] ] -RRB- 7960 11526 5 Webster Webster NNP 7960 11526 6 , , , 7960 11526 7 _ _ NNP 7960 11526 8 Readings Readings NNP 7960 11526 9 in in IN 7960 11526 10 Medieval Medieval NNP 7960 11526 11 and and CC 7960 11526 12 Modern Modern NNP 7960 11526 13 History History NNP 7960 11526 14 _ _ NNP 7960 11526 15 , , , 7960 11526 16 chapter chapter NN 7960 11526 17 xvii xvii NN 7960 11526 18 , , , 7960 11526 19 " " `` 7960 11526 20 Medieval medieval JJ 7960 11526 21 Tales Tales NNPS 7960 11526 22 " " '' 7960 11526 23 ; ; : 7960 11526 24 chapter chapter NN 7960 11526 25 xviii xviii NN 7960 11526 26 , , , 7960 11526 27 " " `` 7960 11526 28 Three Three NNP 7960 11526 29 Medieval Medieval NNP 7960 11526 30 Epics Epics NNPS 7960 11526 31 . . . 7960 11526 32 " " '' 7960 11527 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 11527 2 2 2 LS 7960 11527 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 11527 4 See see VB 7960 11527 5 pages page NNS 7960 11527 6 203 203 CD 7960 11527 7 , , , 7960 11527 8 322 322 CD 7960 11527 9 . . . 7960 11528 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 11528 2 3 3 LS 7960 11528 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 11528 4 The the DT 7960 11528 5 language language NN 7960 11528 6 spoken speak VBN 7960 11528 7 by by IN 7960 11528 8 the the DT 7960 11528 9 natives native NNS 7960 11528 10 of of IN 7960 11528 11 Flanders Flanders NNPS 7960 11528 12 . . . 7960 11529 1 The the DT 7960 11529 2 country country NN 7960 11529 3 is be VBZ 7960 11529 4 now now RB 7960 11529 5 divided divide VBN 7960 11529 6 between between IN 7960 11529 7 France France NNP 7960 11529 8 , , , 7960 11529 9 Belgium Belgium NNP 7960 11529 10 , , , 7960 11529 11 and and CC 7960 11529 12 Holland Holland NNP 7960 11529 13 . . . 7960 11530 1 See see VB 7960 11530 2 page page NN 7960 11530 3 549 549 CD 7960 11530 4 . . . 7960 11531 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 11531 2 4 4 LS 7960 11531 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 11531 4 Icelandic Icelandic NNP 7960 11531 5 is be VBZ 7960 11531 6 the the DT 7960 11531 7 oldest old JJS 7960 11531 8 and and CC 7960 11531 9 purest pure JJS 7960 11531 10 form form NN 7960 11531 11 of of IN 7960 11531 12 Scandinavian Scandinavian NNP 7960 11531 13 . . . 7960 11532 1 Danish danish JJ 7960 11532 2 and and CC 7960 11532 3 Norwegian Norwegian NNP 7960 11532 4 are be VBP 7960 11532 5 practically practically RB 7960 11532 6 the the DT 7960 11532 7 same same JJ 7960 11532 8 , , , 7960 11532 9 in in IN 7960 11532 10 fact fact NN 7960 11532 11 , , , 7960 11532 12 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 11532 13 literary literary JJ 7960 11532 14 or or CC 7960 11532 15 book- book- JJ 7960 11532 16 language language NN 7960 11532 17 is be VBZ 7960 11532 18 one one CD 7960 11532 19 . . . 7960 11533 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 11533 2 5 5 CD 7960 11533 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 11533 4 Two two CD 7960 11533 5 names name NNS 7960 11533 6 for for IN 7960 11533 7 rivers--_Avon rivers--_Avon NNP 7960 11533 8 _ _ NNP 7960 11533 9 and and CC 7960 11533 10 _ _ NNP 7960 11533 11 Ex_--which Ex_--which NNP 7960 11533 12 in in IN 7960 11533 13 one one CD 7960 11533 14 form form NN 7960 11533 15 or or CC 7960 11533 16 another another DT 7960 11533 17 are be VBP 7960 11533 18 found find VBN 7960 11533 19 in in IN 7960 11533 20 every every DT 7960 11533 21 part part NN 7960 11533 22 of of IN 7960 11533 23 England England NNP 7960 11533 24 , , , 7960 11533 25 are be VBP 7960 11533 26 Celtic celtic JJ 7960 11533 27 words word NNS 7960 11533 28 meaning mean VBG 7960 11533 29 " " `` 7960 11533 30 water water NN 7960 11533 31 . . . 7960 11533 32 " " '' 7960 11534 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 11534 2 6 6 CD 7960 11534 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 11534 4 See see VB 7960 11534 5 page page NN 7960 11534 6 518 518 CD 7960 11534 7 . . . 7960 11535 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 11535 2 7 7 LS 7960 11535 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 11535 4 See see VB 7960 11535 5 page page NN 7960 11535 6 309 309 CD 7960 11535 7 , , , 7960 11535 8 note note VB 7960 11535 9 1 1 CD 7960 11535 10 . . . 7960 11536 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 11536 2 8 8 LS 7960 11536 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 11536 4 See see VB 7960 11536 5 page page NN 7960 11536 6 336 336 CD 7960 11536 7 . . . 7960 11537 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 11537 2 9 9 CD 7960 11537 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 11537 4 See see VB 7960 11537 5 page page NN 7960 11537 6 386 386 CD 7960 11537 7 . . . 7960 11538 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 11538 2 10 10 CD 7960 11538 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 11538 4 See see VB 7960 11538 5 pages page NNS 7960 11538 6 284 284 CD 7960 11538 7 , , , 7960 11538 8 344 344 CD 7960 11538 9 . . . 7960 11539 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 11539 2 11 11 CD 7960 11539 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 11539 4 See see VB 7960 11539 5 page page NN 7960 11539 6 283 283 CD 7960 11539 7 . . . 7960 11540 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 11540 2 12 12 CD 7960 11540 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 11540 4 The the DT 7960 11540 5 cathedral cathedral JJ 7960 11540 6 , , , 7960 11540 7 baptistery baptistery NN 7960 11540 8 , , , 7960 11540 9 and and CC 7960 11540 10 campanile campanile NN 7960 11540 11 of of IN 7960 11540 12 Pisa Pisa NNP 7960 11540 13 form form VB 7960 11540 14 an an DT 7960 11540 15 interesting interesting JJ 7960 11540 16 example example NN 7960 11540 17 of of IN 7960 11540 18 Romanesque romanesque JJ 7960 11540 19 architecture architecture NN 7960 11540 20 . . . 7960 11541 1 See see VB 7960 11541 2 the the DT 7960 11541 3 illustration illustration NN 7960 11541 4 , , , 7960 11541 5 page page NN 7960 11541 6 544 544 CD 7960 11541 7 . . . 7960 11542 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 11542 2 13 13 CD 7960 11542 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 11542 4 The the DT 7960 11542 5 interior interior NN 7960 11542 6 of of IN 7960 11542 7 King King NNP 7960 11542 8 's 's POS 7960 11542 9 College College NNP 7960 11542 10 Chapel Chapel NNP 7960 11542 11 , , , 7960 11542 12 Cambridge Cambridge NNP 7960 11542 13 , , , 7960 11542 14 shows show VBZ 7960 11542 15 the the DT 7960 11542 16 ribs rib NNS 7960 11542 17 and and CC 7960 11542 18 the the DT 7960 11542 19 beautiful beautiful JJ 7960 11542 20 tracery tracery NN 7960 11542 21 of of IN 7960 11542 22 the the DT 7960 11542 23 ceiling ceiling NN 7960 11542 24 of of IN 7960 11542 25 a a DT 7960 11542 26 Gothic gothic JJ 7960 11542 27 building building NN 7960 11542 28 . . . 7960 11543 1 See see VB 7960 11543 2 the the DT 7960 11543 3 plate plate NN 7960 11543 4 facin facin NNS 7960 11543 5 page page NN 7960 11543 6 570 570 CD 7960 11543 7 . . . 7960 11544 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 11544 2 14 14 CD 7960 11544 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 11544 4 The the DT 7960 11544 5 flying fly VBG 7960 11544 6 buttress buttress NN 7960 11544 7 is be VBZ 7960 11544 8 well well RB 7960 11544 9 shown show VBN 7960 11544 10 in in IN 7960 11544 11 the the DT 7960 11544 12 view view NN 7960 11544 13 of of IN 7960 11544 14 Canterbury Canterbury NNP 7960 11544 15 Cathedral Cathedral NNP 7960 11544 16 ( ( -LRB- 7960 11544 17 page page NN 7960 11544 18 324 324 CD 7960 11544 19 ) ) -RRB- 7960 11544 20 . . . 7960 11545 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 11545 2 15 15 CD 7960 11545 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 11545 4 See see VB 7960 11545 5 page page NN 7960 11545 6 386 386 CD 7960 11545 7 . . . 7960 11546 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 11546 2 16 16 CD 7960 11546 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 11546 4 For for IN 7960 11546 5 the the DT 7960 11546 6 pointed pointed JJ 7960 11546 7 arch arch NN 7960 11546 8 see see VBP 7960 11546 9 the the DT 7960 11546 10 view view NN 7960 11546 11 of of IN 7960 11546 12 Melrose Melrose NNP 7960 11546 13 Abbey Abbey NNP 7960 11546 14 ( ( -LRB- 7960 11546 15 page page NN 7960 11546 16 660 660 CD 7960 11546 17 ) ) -RRB- 7960 11546 18 . . . 7960 11547 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 11547 2 17 17 CD 7960 11547 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 11547 4 See see VB 7960 11547 5 the the DT 7960 11547 6 illustrations illustration NNS 7960 11547 7 , , , 7960 11547 8 pages page NNS 7960 11547 9 550 550 CD 7960 11547 10 , , , 7960 11547 11 551 551 CD 7960 11547 12 . . . 7960 11548 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 11548 2 18 18 CD 7960 11548 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 11548 4 See see VB 7960 11548 5 page page NN 7960 11548 6 310 310 CD 7960 11548 7 . . . 7960 11549 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 11549 2 19 19 CD 7960 11549 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 11549 4 See see VB 7960 11549 5 pages page NNS 7960 11549 6 207 207 CD 7960 11549 7 , , , 7960 11549 8 331 331 CD 7960 11549 9 . . . 7960 11550 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 11550 2 20 20 CD 7960 11550 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 11550 4 See see VB 7960 11550 5 page page NN 7960 11550 6 444 444 CD 7960 11550 7 . . . 7960 11551 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 11551 2 21 21 CD 7960 11551 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 11551 4 Latin Latin NNP 7960 11551 5 _ _ NNP 7960 11551 6 universitas universita VBZ 7960 11551 7 _ _ NNP 7960 11551 8 . . . 7960 11552 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 11552 2 22 22 CD 7960 11552 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 11552 4 See see VB 7960 11552 5 page page NN 7960 11552 6 536 536 CD 7960 11552 7 . . . 7960 11553 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 11553 2 23 23 CD 7960 11553 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 11553 4 The the DT 7960 11553 5 method method NN 7960 11553 6 of of IN 7960 11553 7 the the DT 7960 11553 8 school school NN 7960 11553 9 ( ( -LRB- 7960 11553 10 Latin Latin NNP 7960 11553 11 _ _ NNP 7960 11553 12 schola schola NN 7960 11553 13 _ _ NNP 7960 11553 14 ) ) -RRB- 7960 11553 15 . . . 7960 11554 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 11554 2 24 24 CD 7960 11554 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 11554 4 See see VB 7960 11554 5 pages page NNS 7960 11554 6 275 275 CD 7960 11554 7 and and CC 7960 11554 8 383 383 CD 7960 11554 9 . . . 7960 11555 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 11555 2 25 25 CD 7960 11555 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 11555 4 See see VB 7960 11555 5 page page NN 7960 11555 6 618 618 CD 7960 11555 7 . . . 7960 11556 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 11556 2 26 26 CD 7960 11556 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 11556 4 See see VB 7960 11556 5 pages page NNS 7960 11556 6 133 133 CD 7960 11556 7 and and CC 7960 11556 8 608 608 CD 7960 11556 9 . . . 7960 11557 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 11557 2 27 27 CD 7960 11557 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 11557 4 See see VB 7960 11557 5 page page NN 7960 11557 6 53 53 CD 7960 11557 7 . . . 7960 11558 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 11558 2 28 28 CD 7960 11558 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 11558 4 Greek Greek NNP 7960 11558 5 _ _ NNP 7960 11558 6 oneiros oneiros NNP 7960 11558 7 _ _ NNP 7960 11558 8 , , , 7960 11558 9 " " `` 7960 11558 10 dream dream NN 7960 11558 11 . . . 7960 11558 12 " " '' 7960 11559 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 11559 2 29 29 CD 7960 11559 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 11559 4 Greek Greek NNP 7960 11559 5 _ _ NNP 7960 11559 6 nekros nekros NNP 7960 11559 7 _ _ NNP 7960 11559 8 , , , 7960 11559 9 " " '' 7960 11559 10 corpse corpse NN 7960 11559 11 . . . 7960 11559 12 " " '' 7960 11560 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 11560 2 30 30 CD 7960 11560 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 11560 4 Charles Charles NNP 7960 11560 5 Perrault Perrault NNP 7960 11560 6 's 's POS 7960 11560 7 _ _ NNP 7960 11560 8 Tales Tales NNP 7960 11560 9 of of IN 7960 11560 10 Passed Passed NNP 7960 11560 11 Times Times NNP 7960 11560 12 _ _ NNP 7960 11560 13 appeared appear VBD 7960 11560 14 at at IN 7960 11560 15 Paris Paris NNP 7960 11560 16 in in IN 7960 11560 17 1697 1697 CD 7960 11560 18 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 11561 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 11561 2 included include VBD 7960 11561 3 the the DT 7960 11561 4 now now RB 7960 11561 5 - - HYPH 7960 11561 6 familiar familiar JJ 7960 11561 7 stories story NNS 7960 11561 8 of of IN 7960 11561 9 " " `` 7960 11561 10 Bluebeard Bluebeard NNP 7960 11561 11 , , , 7960 11561 12 " " '' 7960 11561 13 " " `` 7960 11561 14 Cinderella Cinderella NNP 7960 11561 15 , , , 7960 11561 16 " " '' 7960 11561 17 " " `` 7960 11561 18 Sleeping sleep VBG 7960 11561 19 Beauty Beauty NNP 7960 11561 20 , , , 7960 11561 21 " " '' 7960 11561 22 and and CC 7960 11561 23 " " `` 7960 11561 24 Little little JJ 7960 11561 25 Red red JJ 7960 11561 26 Riding Riding NNP 7960 11561 27 Hood Hood NNP 7960 11561 28 . . . 7960 11561 29 " " '' 7960 11562 1 In in IN 7960 11562 2 1812 1812 CD 7960 11562 3 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 11562 4 the the DT 7960 11562 5 brothers brother NNS 7960 11562 6 Grimm Grimm NNP 7960 11562 7 published publish VBD 7960 11562 8 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 11562 9 _ _ NNP 7960 11562 10 Household Household NNP 7960 11562 11 Tales Tales NNP 7960 11562 12 _ _ NNP 7960 11562 13 , , , 7960 11562 14 a a DT 7960 11562 15 collection collection NN 7960 11562 16 of of IN 7960 11562 17 stories story NNS 7960 11562 18 current current JJ 7960 11562 19 in in IN 7960 11562 20 Germany Germany NNP 7960 11562 21 . . . 7960 11563 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 11563 2 31 31 CD 7960 11563 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 11563 4 See see VB 7960 11563 5 page page NN 7960 11563 6 420 420 CD 7960 11563 7 . . . 7960 11564 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 11564 2 32 32 CD 7960 11564 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 11564 4 _ _ NNP 7960 11564 5 Exodus Exodus NNP 7960 11564 6 _ _ NNP 7960 11564 7 , , , 7960 11564 8 xxii xxii NNP 7960 11564 9 , , , 7960 11564 10 18 18 CD 7960 11564 11 . . . 7960 11565 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 11565 2 33 33 CD 7960 11565 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 11565 4 See see VB 7960 11565 5 page page NN 7960 11565 6 428 428 CD 7960 11565 7 . . . 7960 11566 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 11566 2 34 34 CD 7960 11566 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 11566 4 See see VB 7960 11566 5 page page NN 7960 11566 6 346 346 CD 7960 11566 7 . . . 7960 11567 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 11567 2 35 35 CD 7960 11567 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 11567 4 The the DT 7960 11567 5 great great JJ 7960 11567 6 Passion Passion NNP 7960 11567 7 Play play VBP 7960 11567 8 at at IN 7960 11567 9 Ober Ober NNP 7960 11567 10 Ammergau Ammergau NNP 7960 11567 11 in in IN 7960 11567 12 Germany Germany NNP 7960 11567 13 is be VBZ 7960 11567 14 the the DT 7960 11567 15 modern modern JJ 7960 11567 16 survival survival NN 7960 11567 17 and and CC 7960 11567 18 representative representative NN 7960 11567 19 of of IN 7960 11567 20 this this DT 7960 11567 21 medieval medieval JJ 7960 11567 22 religious religious JJ 7960 11567 23 drama drama NN 7960 11567 24 . . . 7960 11568 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 11568 2 36 36 CD 7960 11568 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 11568 4 _ _ NNP 7960 11568 5 Everyman Everyman NNP 7960 11568 6 _ _ NNP 7960 11568 7 , , , 7960 11568 8 one one CD 7960 11568 9 of of IN 7960 11568 10 the the DT 7960 11568 11 best good JJS 7960 11568 12 of of IN 7960 11568 13 the the DT 7960 11568 14 morality morality NN 7960 11568 15 plays play NNS 7960 11568 16 , , , 7960 11568 17 has have VBZ 7960 11568 18 recently recently RB 7960 11568 19 been be VBN 7960 11568 20 revived revive VBN 7960 11568 21 before before IN 7960 11568 22 large large JJ 7960 11568 23 audiences audience NNS 7960 11568 24 . . . 7960 11569 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 11569 2 37 37 CD 7960 11569 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 11569 4 See see VB 7960 11569 5 the the DT 7960 11569 6 illustration illustration NN 7960 11569 7 , , , 7960 11569 8 page page NN 7960 11569 9 408 408 CD 7960 11569 10 . . . 7960 11570 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 11570 2 38 38 CD 7960 11570 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 11570 4 Tacitus Tacitus NNP 7960 11570 5 , , , 7960 11570 6 _ _ NNP 7960 11570 7 Germania Germania NNP 7960 11570 8 _ _ NNP 7960 11570 9 , , , 7960 11570 10 22 22 CD 7960 11570 11 . . . 7960 11571 1 CHAPTER CHAPTER NNP 7960 11571 2 XXV XXV NNP 7960 11571 3 THE the DT 7960 11571 4 RENAISSANCE RENAISSANCE NNP 7960 11571 5 [ [ -LRB- 7960 11571 6 1 1 CD 7960 11571 7 ] ] -RRB- 7960 11571 8 209 209 CD 7960 11571 9 . . . 7960 11572 1 MEANING meaning NN 7960 11572 2 OF of IN 7960 11572 3 THE the DT 7960 11572 4 RENAISSANCE RENAISSANCE NNP 7960 11572 5 LATER later JJ 7960 11572 6 PERIOD period RB 7960 11572 7 OF of IN 7960 11572 8 THE the DT 7960 11572 9 MIDDLE MIDDLE NNP 7960 11572 10 AGES AGES NNP 7960 11572 11 The the DT 7960 11572 12 fourteenth fourteenth JJ 7960 11572 13 and and CC 7960 11572 14 fifteenth fifteenth JJ 7960 11572 15 centuries century NNS 7960 11572 16 , , , 7960 11572 17 covering cover VBG 7960 11572 18 the the DT 7960 11572 19 later later JJ 7960 11572 20 period period NN 7960 11572 21 of of IN 7960 11572 22 the the DT 7960 11572 23 Middle Middle NNP 7960 11572 24 Ages Ages NNP 7960 11572 25 , , , 7960 11572 26 are be VBP 7960 11572 27 commonly commonly RB 7960 11572 28 known know VBN 7960 11572 29 as as IN 7960 11572 30 those those DT 7960 11572 31 of of IN 7960 11572 32 the the DT 7960 11572 33 Renaissance Renaissance NNP 7960 11572 34 . . . 7960 11573 1 This this DT 7960 11573 2 French french JJ 7960 11573 3 word word NN 7960 11573 4 means mean VBZ 7960 11573 5 Rebirth Rebirth NNP 7960 11573 6 or or CC 7960 11573 7 Revival Revival NNP 7960 11573 8 . . . 7960 11574 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 11574 2 is be VBZ 7960 11574 3 a a DT 7960 11574 4 convenient convenient JJ 7960 11574 5 term term NN 7960 11574 6 for for IN 7960 11574 7 all all PDT 7960 11574 8 the the DT 7960 11574 9 changes change NNS 7960 11574 10 in in IN 7960 11574 11 society society NN 7960 11574 12 , , , 7960 11574 13 law law NN 7960 11574 14 , , , 7960 11574 15 and and CC 7960 11574 16 government government NN 7960 11574 17 , , , 7960 11574 18 in in IN 7960 11574 19 science science NN 7960 11574 20 , , , 7960 11574 21 philosophy philosophy NN 7960 11574 22 , , , 7960 11574 23 and and CC 7960 11574 24 religion religion NN 7960 11574 25 , , , 7960 11574 26 in in IN 7960 11574 27 literature literature NN 7960 11574 28 and and CC 7960 11574 29 art art NN 7960 11574 30 which which WDT 7960 11574 31 gradually gradually RB 7960 11574 32 transformed transform VBD 7960 11574 33 medieval medieval JJ 7960 11574 34 civilization civilization NN 7960 11574 35 into into IN 7960 11574 36 that that DT 7960 11574 37 of of IN 7960 11574 38 modern modern JJ 7960 11574 39 times time NNS 7960 11574 40 . . . 7960 11575 1 LIMITS LIMITS NNP 7960 11575 2 OF of IN 7960 11575 3 THE the DT 7960 11575 4 RENAISSANCE renaissance NN 7960 11575 5 The the DT 7960 11575 6 Renaissance Renaissance NNP 7960 11575 7 , , , 7960 11575 8 just just RB 7960 11575 9 because because IN 7960 11575 10 of of IN 7960 11575 11 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 11575 12 transitional transitional JJ 7960 11575 13 character character NN 7960 11575 14 , , , 7960 11575 15 can can MD 7960 11575 16 not not RB 7960 11575 17 be be VB 7960 11575 18 exactly exactly RB 7960 11575 19 dated date VBN 7960 11575 20 . . . 7960 11576 1 Some some DT 7960 11576 2 Renaissance Renaissance NNP 7960 11576 3 movements movement NNS 7960 11576 4 started start VBD 7960 11576 5 before before IN 7960 11576 6 1300 1300 CD 7960 11576 7 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 11576 8 For for IN 7960 11576 9 instance instance NN 7960 11576 10 , , , 7960 11576 11 the the DT 7960 11576 12 study study NN 7960 11576 13 of of IN 7960 11576 14 Roman roman JJ 7960 11576 15 law law NN 7960 11576 16 , , , 7960 11576 17 as as IN 7960 11576 18 a a DT 7960 11576 19 substitute substitute NN 7960 11576 20 for for IN 7960 11576 21 Germanic Germanic NNP 7960 11576 22 customs custom NNS 7960 11576 23 , , , 7960 11576 24 began begin VBD 7960 11576 25 toward toward IN 7960 11576 26 the the DT 7960 11576 27 close close NN 7960 11576 28 of of IN 7960 11576 29 the the DT 7960 11576 30 eleventh eleventh JJ 7960 11576 31 century century NN 7960 11576 32 . . . 7960 11577 1 The the DT 7960 11577 2 rise rise NN 7960 11577 3 of of IN 7960 11577 4 European european JJ 7960 11577 5 cities city NNS 7960 11577 6 , , , 7960 11577 7 with with IN 7960 11577 8 all all DT 7960 11577 9 that that WDT 7960 11577 10 they -PRON- PRP 7960 11577 11 meant mean VBD 7960 11577 12 for for IN 7960 11577 13 industry industry NN 7960 11577 14 and and CC 7960 11577 15 commerce commerce NN 7960 11577 16 , , , 7960 11577 17 belonged belong VBD 7960 11577 18 to to IN 7960 11577 19 about about IN 7960 11577 20 the the DT 7960 11577 21 same same JJ 7960 11577 22 time time NN 7960 11577 23 . . . 7960 11578 1 Other other JJ 7960 11578 2 Renaissance Renaissance NNP 7960 11578 3 movements movement NNS 7960 11578 4 , , , 7960 11578 5 again again RB 7960 11578 6 , , , 7960 11578 7 extended extend VBN 7960 11578 8 beyond beyond IN 7960 11578 9 1500 1500 CD 7960 11578 10 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 11579 1 Among among IN 7960 11579 2 these these DT 7960 11579 3 were be VBD 7960 11579 4 the the DT 7960 11579 5 expansion expansion NN 7960 11579 6 of of IN 7960 11579 7 geographical geographical JJ 7960 11579 8 knowledge knowledge NN 7960 11579 9 , , , 7960 11579 10 resulting result VBG 7960 11579 11 from from IN 7960 11579 12 the the DT 7960 11579 13 discovery discovery NN 7960 11579 14 of of IN 7960 11579 15 the the DT 7960 11579 16 New New NNP 7960 11579 17 World World NNP 7960 11579 18 , , , 7960 11579 19 and and CC 7960 11579 20 the the DT 7960 11579 21 revolt revolt NN 7960 11579 22 against against IN 7960 11579 23 the the DT 7960 11579 24 Papacy Papacy NNP 7960 11579 25 , , , 7960 11579 26 known know VBN 7960 11579 27 as as IN 7960 11579 28 the the DT 7960 11579 29 Protestant Protestant NNP 7960 11579 30 Reformation Reformation NNP 7960 11579 31 . . . 7960 11580 1 The the DT 7960 11580 2 Middle Middle NNP 7960 11580 3 Ages Ages NNPS 7960 11580 4 , , , 7960 11580 5 in in IN 7960 11580 6 fact fact NN 7960 11580 7 , , , 7960 11580 8 came come VBD 7960 11580 9 to to IN 7960 11580 10 an an DT 7960 11580 11 end end NN 7960 11580 12 at at IN 7960 11580 13 different different JJ 7960 11580 14 times time NNS 7960 11580 15 in in IN 7960 11580 16 different different JJ 7960 11580 17 fields field NNS 7960 11580 18 of of IN 7960 11580 19 human human JJ 7960 11580 20 activity activity NN 7960 11580 21 . . . 7960 11581 1 ORIGINAL original JJ 7960 11581 2 HOME home NN 7960 11581 3 OF of IN 7960 11581 4 THE the DT 7960 11581 5 RENAISSANCE RENAISSANCE NNP 7960 11581 6 The the DT 7960 11581 7 name name NN 7960 11581 8 Renaissance Renaissance NNP 7960 11581 9 applied apply VBD 7960 11581 10 , , , 7960 11581 11 at at IN 7960 11581 12 first first RB 7960 11581 13 , , , 7960 11581 14 only only RB 7960 11581 15 to to IN 7960 11581 16 the the DT 7960 11581 17 rebirth rebirth NN 7960 11581 18 or or CC 7960 11581 19 revival revival NN 7960 11581 20 of of IN 7960 11581 21 men man NNS 7960 11581 22 's 's POS 7960 11581 23 interest interest NN 7960 11581 24 in in IN 7960 11581 25 the the DT 7960 11581 26 literature literature NN 7960 11581 27 and and CC 7960 11581 28 art art NN 7960 11581 29 of of IN 7960 11581 30 classical classical JJ 7960 11581 31 antiquity antiquity NN 7960 11581 32 . . . 7960 11582 1 Italy Italy NNP 7960 11582 2 was be VBD 7960 11582 3 the the DT 7960 11582 4 original original JJ 7960 11582 5 home home NN 7960 11582 6 of of IN 7960 11582 7 this this DT 7960 11582 8 Renaissance Renaissance NNP 7960 11582 9 . . . 7960 11583 1 There there RB 7960 11583 2 it -PRON- PRP 7960 11583 3 first first RB 7960 11583 4 appeared appear VBD 7960 11583 5 , , , 7960 11583 6 there there RB 7960 11583 7 it -PRON- PRP 7960 11583 8 found find VBD 7960 11583 9 widest wide JJS 7960 11583 10 acceptance acceptance NN 7960 11583 11 , , , 7960 11583 12 and and CC 7960 11583 13 there there RB 7960 11583 14 it -PRON- PRP 7960 11583 15 reached reach VBD 7960 11583 16 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 11583 17 highest high JJS 7960 11583 18 development development NN 7960 11583 19 . . . 7960 11584 1 From from IN 7960 11584 2 Italy Italy NNP 7960 11584 3 the the DT 7960 11584 4 Renaissance Renaissance NNP 7960 11584 5 gradually gradually RB 7960 11584 6 spread spread VBD 7960 11584 7 beyond beyond IN 7960 11584 8 the the DT 7960 11584 9 Alps Alps NNPS 7960 11584 10 , , , 7960 11584 11 until until IN 7960 11584 12 it -PRON- PRP 7960 11584 13 had have VBD 7960 11584 14 made make VBN 7960 11584 15 the the DT 7960 11584 16 round round NN 7960 11584 17 of of IN 7960 11584 18 western western JJ 7960 11584 19 Europe Europe NNP 7960 11584 20 . . . 7960 11585 1 ITALIAN italian JJ 7960 11585 2 CITIES city NNS 7960 11585 3 OF of IN 7960 11585 4 THE the DT 7960 11585 5 RENAISSANCE RENAISSANCE NNP 7960 11585 6 Italy Italy NNP 7960 11585 7 , , , 7960 11585 8 at at IN 7960 11585 9 the the DT 7960 11585 10 beginning beginning NN 7960 11585 11 of of IN 7960 11585 12 the the DT 7960 11585 13 fourteenth fourteenth JJ 7960 11585 14 century century NN 7960 11585 15 , , , 7960 11585 16 was be VBD 7960 11585 17 a a DT 7960 11585 18 land land NN 7960 11585 19 particularly particularly RB 7960 11585 20 favorable favorable JJ 7960 11585 21 to to IN 7960 11585 22 the the DT 7960 11585 23 growth growth NN 7960 11585 24 of of IN 7960 11585 25 learning learning NN 7960 11585 26 and and CC 7960 11585 27 the the DT 7960 11585 28 arts art NNS 7960 11585 29 . . . 7960 11586 1 In in IN 7960 11586 2 northern northern JJ 7960 11586 3 Italy Italy NNP 7960 11586 4 the the DT 7960 11586 5 great great JJ 7960 11586 6 cities city NNS 7960 11586 7 of of IN 7960 11586 8 Milan Milan NNP 7960 11586 9 , , , 7960 11586 10 Pisa Pisa NNP 7960 11586 11 , , , 7960 11586 12 Genoa Genoa NNP 7960 11586 13 , , , 7960 11586 14 Florence Florence NNP 7960 11586 15 , , , 7960 11586 16 Venice Venice NNP 7960 11586 17 , , , 7960 11586 18 and and CC 7960 11586 19 many many JJ 7960 11586 20 others other NNS 7960 11586 21 had have VBD 7960 11586 22 early early RB 7960 11586 23 succeeded succeed VBN 7960 11586 24 in in IN 7960 11586 25 throwing throw VBG 7960 11586 26 off off RP 7960 11586 27 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 11586 28 feudal feudal JJ 7960 11586 29 burdens burden NNS 7960 11586 30 and and CC 7960 11586 31 had have VBD 7960 11586 32 become become VBN 7960 11586 33 independent independent JJ 7960 11586 34 , , , 7960 11586 35 self self NN 7960 11586 36 - - HYPH 7960 11586 37 governing govern VBG 7960 11586 38 communities community NNS 7960 11586 39 . . . 7960 11587 1 Democracy democracy NN 7960 11587 2 flourished flourish VBD 7960 11587 3 in in IN 7960 11587 4 them -PRON- PRP 7960 11587 5 , , , 7960 11587 6 as as IN 7960 11587 7 in in IN 7960 11587 8 the the DT 7960 11587 9 old old JJ 7960 11587 10 Greek greek JJ 7960 11587 11 city city NN 7960 11587 12 - - HYPH 7960 11587 13 states state NNS 7960 11587 14 . . . 7960 11588 1 Noble noble JJ 7960 11588 2 birth birth NN 7960 11588 3 counted count VBN 7960 11588 4 for for IN 7960 11588 5 little little JJ 7960 11588 6 ; ; : 7960 11588 7 a a DT 7960 11588 8 man man NN 7960 11588 9 of of IN 7960 11588 10 ability ability NN 7960 11588 11 and and CC 7960 11588 12 ambition ambition NN 7960 11588 13 might may MD 7960 11588 14 rise rise VB 7960 11588 15 to to IN 7960 11588 16 any any DT 7960 11588 17 place place NN 7960 11588 18 . . . 7960 11589 1 The the DT 7960 11589 2 fierce fierce JJ 7960 11589 3 party party NN 7960 11589 4 conflicts conflict NNS 7960 11589 5 within within IN 7960 11589 6 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 11589 7 walls wall NNS 7960 11589 8 stimulated stimulate VBD 7960 11589 9 mental mental JJ 7960 11589 10 activity activity NN 7960 11589 11 and and CC 7960 11589 12 helped help VBD 7960 11589 13 to to TO 7960 11589 14 make make VB 7960 11589 15 life life NN 7960 11589 16 full full JJ 7960 11589 17 , , , 7960 11589 18 varied varied JJ 7960 11589 19 , , , 7960 11589 20 and and CC 7960 11589 21 intense intense JJ 7960 11589 22 . . . 7960 11590 1 Their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 11590 2 widespread widespread JJ 7960 11590 3 trade trade NN 7960 11590 4 and and CC 7960 11590 5 thriving thriving NN 7960 11590 6 manufactures manufacture NNS 7960 11590 7 made make VBD 7960 11590 8 them -PRON- PRP 7960 11590 9 prosperous prosperous JJ 7960 11590 10 . . . 7960 11591 1 Wealth wealth NN 7960 11591 2 brought bring VBD 7960 11591 3 leisure leisure NN 7960 11591 4 , , , 7960 11591 5 bred breed VBD 7960 11591 6 a a DT 7960 11591 7 taste taste NN 7960 11591 8 for for IN 7960 11591 9 luxury luxury NN 7960 11591 10 and and CC 7960 11591 11 the the DT 7960 11591 12 refinements refinement NNS 7960 11591 13 of of IN 7960 11591 14 life life NN 7960 11591 15 , , , 7960 11591 16 and and CC 7960 11591 17 gave give VBD 7960 11591 18 means mean NNS 7960 11591 19 for for IN 7960 11591 20 the the DT 7960 11591 21 gratification gratification NN 7960 11591 22 of of IN 7960 11591 23 that that DT 7960 11591 24 taste taste NN 7960 11591 25 . . . 7960 11592 1 People People NNS 7960 11592 2 wanted want VBD 7960 11592 3 to to TO 7960 11592 4 have have VB 7960 11592 5 about about IN 7960 11592 6 them -PRON- PRP 7960 11592 7 beautiful beautiful JJ 7960 11592 8 pictures picture NNS 7960 11592 9 , , , 7960 11592 10 statuary statuary NN 7960 11592 11 , , , 7960 11592 12 furniture furniture NN 7960 11592 13 , , , 7960 11592 14 palaces palace NNS 7960 11592 15 , , , 7960 11592 16 and and CC 7960 11592 17 churches church NNS 7960 11592 18 ; ; : 7960 11592 19 and and CC 7960 11592 20 they -PRON- PRP 7960 11592 21 rewarded reward VBD 7960 11592 22 richly richly RB 7960 11592 23 the the DT 7960 11592 24 artists artist NNS 7960 11592 25 who who WP 7960 11592 26 could could MD 7960 11592 27 produce produce VB 7960 11592 28 such such JJ 7960 11592 29 things thing NNS 7960 11592 30 . . . 7960 11593 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 11593 2 is be VBZ 7960 11593 3 not not RB 7960 11593 4 without without IN 7960 11593 5 significance significance NN 7960 11593 6 that that IN 7960 11593 7 the the DT 7960 11593 8 birthplace birthplace NN 7960 11593 9 of of IN 7960 11593 10 the the DT 7960 11593 11 Italian italian JJ 7960 11593 12 Renaissance Renaissance NNP 7960 11593 13 was be VBD 7960 11593 14 democratic democratic JJ 7960 11593 15 , , , 7960 11593 16 industrial industrial JJ 7960 11593 17 , , , 7960 11593 18 and and CC 7960 11593 19 wealthy wealthy JJ 7960 11593 20 Florence Florence NNP 7960 11593 21 . . . 7960 11594 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 11594 2 2 2 LS 7960 11594 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 11594 4 INFLUENCE influence NN 7960 11594 5 OF of IN 7960 11594 6 THE the DT 7960 11594 7 CLASSIC CLASSIC NNP 7960 11594 8 TRADITION TRADITION NNP 7960 11594 9 Italy Italy NNP 7960 11594 10 enjoyed enjoy VBD 7960 11594 11 another another DT 7960 11594 12 advantage advantage NN 7960 11594 13 over over IN 7960 11594 14 the the DT 7960 11594 15 other other JJ 7960 11594 16 European european JJ 7960 11594 17 countries country NNS 7960 11594 18 in in IN 7960 11594 19 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 11594 20 nearness nearness NN 7960 11594 21 to to IN 7960 11594 22 Rome Rome NNP 7960 11594 23 . . . 7960 11595 1 Admiration admiration NN 7960 11595 2 for for IN 7960 11595 3 the the DT 7960 11595 4 ancient ancient JJ 7960 11595 5 Roman roman JJ 7960 11595 6 civilization civilization NN 7960 11595 7 , , , 7960 11595 8 as as IN 7960 11595 9 expressed express VBN 7960 11595 10 in in IN 7960 11595 11 literature literature NN 7960 11595 12 , , , 7960 11595 13 art art NN 7960 11595 14 , , , 7960 11595 15 and and CC 7960 11595 16 law law NN 7960 11595 17 , , , 7960 11595 18 was be VBD 7960 11595 19 felt feel VBN 7960 11595 20 by by IN 7960 11595 21 all all DT 7960 11595 22 Italians Italians NNPS 7960 11595 23 . . . 7960 11596 1 Wherever wherever WRB 7960 11596 2 they -PRON- PRP 7960 11596 3 looked look VBD 7960 11596 4 , , , 7960 11596 5 they -PRON- PRP 7960 11596 6 were be VBD 7960 11596 7 reminded remind VBN 7960 11596 8 of of IN 7960 11596 9 the the DT 7960 11596 10 great great JJ 7960 11596 11 past past NN 7960 11596 12 which which WDT 7960 11596 13 once once RB 7960 11596 14 had have VBD 7960 11596 15 been be VBN 7960 11596 16 theirs -PRON- PRP 7960 11596 17 . . . 7960 11597 1 Nor nor CC 7960 11597 2 was be VBD 7960 11597 3 the the DT 7960 11597 4 inheritance inheritance NN 7960 11597 5 of of IN 7960 11597 6 Greece Greece NNP 7960 11597 7 wholly wholly RB 7960 11597 8 lost lose VBN 7960 11597 9 . . . 7960 11598 1 Greek greek JJ 7960 11598 2 traders trader NNS 7960 11598 3 and and CC 7960 11598 4 the the DT 7960 11598 5 descendants descendant NNS 7960 11598 6 of of IN 7960 11598 7 Greek greek JJ 7960 11598 8 colonists colonist NNS 7960 11598 9 in in IN 7960 11598 10 Italy Italy NNP 7960 11598 11 still still RB 7960 11598 12 used use VBD 7960 11598 13 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 11598 14 ancient ancient JJ 7960 11598 15 language language NN 7960 11598 16 ; ; : 7960 11598 17 all all RB 7960 11598 18 through through IN 7960 11598 19 the the DT 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7960 11600 16 place place NN 7960 11600 17 of of IN 7960 11600 18 several several JJ 7960 11600 19 civilizations civilization NNS 7960 11600 20 . . . 7960 11601 1 Byzantine byzantine JJ 7960 11601 2 influence influence NN 7960 11601 3 was be VBD 7960 11601 4 felt feel VBN 7960 11601 5 both both DT 7960 11601 6 in in IN 7960 11601 7 the the DT 7960 11601 8 north north NN 7960 11601 9 and and CC 7960 11601 10 in in IN 7960 11601 11 the the DT 7960 11601 12 south south NN 7960 11601 13 . . . 7960 11602 1 The the DT 7960 11602 2 conquest conquest NN 7960 11602 3 of of IN 7960 11602 4 Sicily Sicily NNP 7960 11602 5 by by IN 7960 11602 6 the the DT 7960 11602 7 Arabs Arabs NNPS 7960 11602 8 made make VBD 7960 11602 9 the the DT 7960 11602 10 Italians Italians NNPS 7960 11602 11 familiar familiar JJ 7960 11602 12 with with IN 7960 11602 13 the the DT 7960 11602 14 science science NN 7960 11602 15 , , , 7960 11602 16 art art NN 7960 11602 17 , , , 7960 11602 18 and and CC 7960 11602 19 poetry poetry NN 7960 11602 20 of of IN 7960 11602 21 this this DT 7960 11602 22 cultivated cultivate VBN 7960 11602 23 people people NNS 7960 11602 24 . . . 7960 11603 1 After after IN 7960 11603 2 the the DT 7960 11603 3 Normans Normans NNPS 7960 11603 4 had have VBD 7960 11603 5 established establish VBN 7960 11603 6 themselves -PRON- PRP 7960 11603 7 in in IN 7960 11603 8 southern southern JJ 7960 11603 9 Italy Italy NNP 7960 11603 10 and and CC 7960 11603 11 Sicily Sicily NNP 7960 11603 12 , , , 7960 11603 13 they -PRON- PRP 7960 11603 14 in in IN 7960 11603 15 turn turn NN 7960 11603 16 developed develop VBD 7960 11603 17 a a DT 7960 11603 18 brilliant brilliant JJ 7960 11603 19 civilization civilization NN 7960 11603 20 . . . 7960 11604 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 11604 2 3 3 LS 7960 11604 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 11604 4 From from IN 7960 11604 5 all all PDT 7960 11604 6 these these DT 7960 11604 7 sources source NNS 7960 11604 8 flowed flow VBD 7960 11604 9 streams stream NNS 7960 11604 10 of of IN 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A.D. NNP 7960 11608 18 , , , 7960 11608 19 was be VBD 7960 11608 20 completed complete VBN 7960 11608 21 in in IN 7960 11608 22 1667 1667 CD 7960 11608 23 , , , 7960 11608 24 according accord VBG 7960 11608 25 to to IN 7960 11608 26 the the DT 7960 11608 27 designs design NNS 7960 11608 28 of of IN 7960 11608 29 Bramante Bramante NNP 7960 11608 30 , , , 7960 11608 31 Raphael Raphael NNP 7960 11608 32 , , , 7960 11608 33 Michelangelo Michelangelo NNP 7960 11608 34 , , , 7960 11608 35 and and CC 7960 11608 36 other other JJ 7960 11608 37 celebrated celebrated JJ 7960 11608 38 architects architect NNS 7960 11608 39 . . . 7960 11609 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 11609 2 is be VBZ 7960 11609 3 the the DT 7960 11609 4 largest large JJS 7960 11609 5 church church NN 7960 11609 6 in in IN 7960 11609 7 the the DT 7960 11609 8 world world NN 7960 11609 9 . . . 7960 11610 1 The the DT 7960 11610 2 central central JJ 7960 11610 3 aisle aisle NN 7960 11610 4 , , , 7960 11610 5 nave nave NNP 7960 11610 6 , , , 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NNP 7960 11697 4 the the DT 7960 11697 5 English english JJ 7960 11697 6 printer printer NN 7960 11697 7 , , , 7960 11697 8 William William NNP 7960 11697 9 Caxton Caxton NNP 7960 11697 10 , , , 7960 11697 11 set set VBD 7960 11697 12 up up RP 7960 11697 13 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 11697 14 wooden wooden JJ 7960 11697 15 presses press NNS 7960 11697 16 within within IN 7960 11697 17 the the DT 7960 11697 18 precincts precinct NNS 7960 11697 19 of of IN 7960 11697 20 Westminster Westminster NNP 7960 11697 21 Abbey Abbey NNP 7960 11697 22 . . . 7960 11698 1 To to IN 7960 11698 2 him -PRON- PRP 7960 11698 3 we -PRON- PRP 7960 11698 4 owe owe VBP 7960 11698 5 editions edition NNS 7960 11698 6 of of IN 7960 11698 7 Chaucer Chaucer NNP 7960 11698 8 's 's POS 7960 11698 9 poems poem NNS 7960 11698 10 , , , 7960 11698 11 Sir Sir NNP 7960 11698 12 Thomas Thomas NNP 7960 11698 13 Malory Malory NNP 7960 11698 14 's 's POS 7960 11698 15 _ _ NNP 7960 11698 16 Morte Morte NNP 7960 11698 17 d'Arthur d'Arthur NNP 7960 11698 18 _ _ NNP 7960 11698 19 , , , 7960 11698 20 [ [ -LRB- 7960 11698 21 6 6 CD 7960 11698 22 ] ] -RRB- 7960 11698 23 _ _ NNP 7960 11698 24 Aesop Aesop NNP 7960 11698 25 's 's POS 7960 11698 26 Fables Fables NNP 7960 11698 27 _ _ NNP 7960 11698 28 , , , 7960 11698 29 and and CC 7960 11698 30 many many JJ 7960 11698 31 other other JJ 7960 11698 32 works work NNS 7960 11698 33 . . . 7960 11699 1 INCUNABULA INCUNABULA NNP 7960 11699 2 The the DT 7960 11699 3 books book NNS 7960 11699 4 printed print VBN 7960 11699 5 in in IN 7960 11699 6 the the DT 7960 11699 7 fifteenth fifteenth JJ 7960 11699 8 century century NN 7960 11699 9 go go VB 7960 11699 10 by by IN 7960 11699 11 the the DT 7960 11699 12 name name NN 7960 11699 13 of of IN 7960 11699 14 _ _ NNP 7960 11699 15 incunabula incunabula NNP 7960 11699 16 _ _ NNP 7960 11699 17 . . . 7960 11700 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 11700 2 7 7 CD 7960 11700 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 11700 4 Of of IN 7960 11700 5 the the DT 7960 11700 6 seven seven CD 7960 11700 7 or or CC 7960 11700 8 eight eight CD 7960 11700 9 million million CD 7960 11700 10 volumes volume NNS 7960 11700 11 which which WDT 7960 11700 12 appeared appear VBD 7960 11700 13 before before IN 7960 11700 14 1500 1500 CD 7960 11700 15 A.D. 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NN 7960 11725 24 . . . 7960 11726 1 Henceforth henceforth JJ 7960 11726 2 architecture architecture NN 7960 11726 3 became become VBD 7960 11726 4 more more RBR 7960 11726 5 and and CC 7960 11726 6 more more RBR 7960 11726 7 a a DT 7960 11726 8 secular secular JJ 7960 11726 9 art art NN 7960 11726 10 . . . 7960 11727 1 SCULPTURE SCULPTURE NNP 7960 11727 2 The the DT 7960 11727 3 development development NN 7960 11727 4 of of IN 7960 11727 5 architecture architecture NN 7960 11727 6 naturally naturally RB 7960 11727 7 stimulated stimulate VBD 7960 11727 8 the the DT 7960 11727 9 other other JJ 7960 11727 10 arts art NNS 7960 11727 11 . . . 7960 11728 1 Italian italian JJ 7960 11728 2 sculptors sculptor NNS 7960 11728 3 began begin VBD 7960 11728 4 to to TO 7960 11728 5 copy copy VB 7960 11728 6 the the DT 7960 11728 7 ancient ancient JJ 7960 11728 8 bas bas NN 7960 11728 9 - - HYPH 7960 11728 10 reliefs relief NNS 7960 11728 11 and and CC 7960 11728 12 statues statue NNS 7960 11728 13 preserved preserve VBN 7960 11728 14 in in IN 7960 11728 15 Rome Rome NNP 7960 11728 16 and and CC 7960 11728 17 other other JJ 7960 11728 18 cities city NNS 7960 11728 19 . . . 7960 11729 1 At at IN 7960 11729 2 this this DT 7960 11729 3 time time NN 7960 11729 4 glazed glaze VBD 7960 11729 5 terra terra NNP 7960 11729 6 cotta cotta NNP 7960 11729 7 came come VBD 7960 11729 8 to to TO 7960 11729 9 be be VB 7960 11729 10 used use VBN 7960 11729 11 by by IN 7960 11729 12 sculptors sculptor NNS 7960 11729 13 . . . 7960 11730 1 Another another DT 7960 11730 2 Renaissance Renaissance NNP 7960 11730 3 art art NN 7960 11730 4 was be VBD 7960 11730 5 the the DT 7960 11730 6 casting casting NN 7960 11730 7 of of IN 7960 11730 8 bronze bronze NN 7960 11730 9 doors door NNS 7960 11730 10 , , , 7960 11730 11 with with IN 7960 11730 12 panels panel NNS 7960 11730 13 which which WDT 7960 11730 14 represented represent VBD 7960 11730 15 scenes scene NNS 7960 11730 16 from from IN 7960 11730 17 the 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development development NN 7960 11802 21 of of IN 7960 11802 22 national national JJ 7960 11802 23 languages language NNS 7960 11802 24 and and CC 7960 11802 25 literatures literature NNS 7960 11802 26 in in IN 7960 11802 27 Europe Europe NNP 7960 11802 28 . . . 7960 11803 1 To to IN 7960 11803 2 the the DT 7960 11803 3 humanists humanist NNS 7960 11803 4 only only RB 7960 11803 5 Latin Latin NNP 7960 11803 6 and and CC 7960 11803 7 Greek Greek NNP 7960 11803 8 seemed seem VBD 7960 11803 9 worthy worthy JJ 7960 11803 10 of of IN 7960 11803 11 notice notice NN 7960 11803 12 . . . 7960 11804 1 Petrarch petrarch NN 7960 11804 2 , , , 7960 11804 3 for for IN 7960 11804 4 instance instance NN 7960 11804 5 , , , 7960 11804 6 composed compose VBN 7960 11804 7 in in IN 7960 11804 8 Italian italian JJ 7960 11804 9 beautiful beautiful JJ 7960 11804 10 sonnets sonnet NNS 7960 11804 11 which which WDT 7960 11804 12 are be VBP 7960 11804 13 still still RB 7960 11804 14 much much RB 7960 11804 15 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11805 23 Divine Divine NNP 7960 11805 24 Comedy Comedy NNP 7960 11805 25 _ _ NNP 7960 11805 26 was be VBD 7960 11805 27 indeed indeed RB 7960 11805 28 translated translate VBN 7960 11805 29 into into IN 7960 11805 30 Latin Latin NNP 7960 11805 31 a a DT 7960 11805 32 few few JJ 7960 11805 33 years year NNS 7960 11805 34 after after IN 7960 11805 35 the the DT 7960 11805 36 author author NN 7960 11805 37 's 's POS 7960 11805 38 death death NN 7960 11805 39 . . . 7960 11806 1 THE the DT 7960 11806 2 VERNACULAR VERNACULAR NNP 7960 11806 3 REVIVAL REVIVAL NNP 7960 11806 4 But but CC 7960 11806 5 a a DT 7960 11806 6 return return NN 7960 11806 7 to to IN 7960 11806 8 the the DT 7960 11806 9 vernacular vernacular JJ 7960 11806 10 was be VBD 7960 11806 11 bound bind VBN 7960 11806 12 to to TO 7960 11806 13 come come VB 7960 11806 14 . . . 7960 11807 1 The the DT 7960 11807 2 common common JJ 7960 11807 3 people people NNS 7960 11807 4 understood understand VBD 7960 11807 5 little little JJ 7960 11807 6 Latin Latin NNP 7960 11807 7 , , , 7960 11807 8 and and CC 7960 11807 9 Greek Greek NNP 7960 11807 10 not not RB 7960 11807 11 at at RB 7960 11807 12 all all RB 7960 11807 13 . . . 7960 11808 1 Yet yet CC 7960 11808 2 they -PRON- PRP 7960 11808 3 had have VBD 7960 11808 4 learned learn VBN 7960 11808 5 to to TO 7960 11808 6 read read VB 7960 11808 7 and and CC 7960 11808 8 they -PRON- PRP 7960 11808 9 now now RB 7960 11808 10 had have VBD 7960 11808 11 the the DT 7960 11808 12 printing print VBG 7960 11808 13 press press NN 7960 11808 14 . . . 7960 11809 1 Before before IN 7960 11809 2 long long JJ 7960 11809 3 many many JJ 7960 11809 4 books book NNS 7960 11809 5 composed compose VBN 7960 11809 6 in in IN 7960 11809 7 Italian italian JJ 7960 11809 8 , , , 7960 11809 9 Spanish spanish JJ 7960 11809 10 , , , 7960 11809 11 French french JJ 7960 11809 12 , , , 7960 11809 13 English English NNP 7960 11809 14 , , , 7960 11809 15 and and CC 7960 11809 16 other other JJ 7960 11809 17 national national JJ 7960 11809 18 languages language NNS 7960 11809 19 made make VBD 7960 11809 20 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 11809 21 appearance appearance NN 7960 11809 22 . . . 7960 11810 1 This this DT 7960 11810 2 revival revival NN 7960 11810 3 of of IN 7960 11810 4 the the DT 7960 11810 5 vernacular vernacular JJ 7960 11810 6 meant mean VBD 7960 11810 7 that that IN 7960 11810 8 henceforth henceforth JJ 7960 11810 9 European european JJ 7960 11810 10 literature literature NN 7960 11810 11 would would MD 7960 11810 12 be be VB 7960 11810 13 more more RBR 7960 11810 14 creative creative JJ 7960 11810 15 and and CC 7960 11810 16 original original JJ 7960 11810 17 than than IN 7960 11810 18 was be VBD 7960 11810 19 possible possible JJ 7960 11810 20 when when WRB 7960 11810 21 writers writer NNS 7960 11810 22 merely merely RB 7960 11810 23 imitated imitate VBD 7960 11810 24 or or CC 7960 11810 25 translated translate VBD 7960 11810 26 the the DT 7960 11810 27 classics classic 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A.D. 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NNP 7960 11870 9 An an DT 7960 11870 10 Italian italian JJ 7960 11870 11 humanist humanist NN 7960 11870 12 , , , 7960 11870 13 Vittorino Vittorino NNP 7960 11870 14 da da NNP 7960 11870 15 Feltre Feltre NNP 7960 11870 16 , , , 7960 11870 17 was be VBD 7960 11870 18 the the DT 7960 11870 19 pioneer pioneer NN 7960 11870 20 of of IN 7960 11870 21 Renaissance Renaissance NNP 7960 11870 22 education education NN 7960 11870 23 . . . 7960 11871 1 In in IN 7960 11871 2 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 11871 3 private private JJ 7960 11871 4 school school NN 7960 11871 5 at at IN 7960 11871 6 Mantua Mantua NNP 7960 11871 7 , , , 7960 11871 8 the the DT 7960 11871 9 " " `` 7960 11871 10 House House NNP 7960 11871 11 of of IN 7960 11871 12 Delight Delight NNP 7960 11871 13 , , , 7960 11871 14 " " '' 7960 11871 15 as as IN 7960 11871 16 it -PRON- PRP 7960 11871 17 was be VBD 7960 11871 18 called call VBN 7960 11871 19 , , , 7960 11871 20 Vittorino Vittorino NNP 7960 11871 21 aimed aim VBN 7960 11871 22 to to TO 7960 11871 23 develop develop VB 7960 11871 24 at at IN 7960 11871 25 the the DT 7960 11871 26 same same JJ 7960 11871 27 time time NN 7960 11871 28 the the DT 7960 11871 29 body body NN 7960 11871 30 , , , 7960 11871 31 mind mind NN 7960 11871 32 , , , 7960 11871 33 and and CC 7960 11871 34 character character NN 7960 11871 35 of of IN 7960 11871 36 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 11871 37 pupils pupil NNS 7960 11871 38 , , , 7960 11871 39 so so IN 7960 11871 40 as as IN 7960 11871 41 to to TO 7960 11871 42 fit fit VB 7960 11871 43 them -PRON- PRP 7960 11871 44 to to TO 7960 11871 45 " " `` 7960 11871 46 serve serve VB 7960 11871 47 God God NNP 7960 11871 48 in in IN 7960 11871 49 Church Church NNP 7960 11871 50 and and CC 7960 11871 51 State State NNP 7960 11871 52 . . . 7960 11871 53 " " '' 7960 11872 1 Accordingly accordingly RB 7960 11872 2 , , , 7960 11872 3 he -PRON- PRP 7960 11872 4 gave give VBD 7960 11872 5 much much JJ 7960 11872 6 attention attention NN 7960 11872 7 to to IN 7960 11872 8 religious religious JJ 7960 11872 9 instruction instruction NN 7960 11872 10 and and CC 7960 11872 11 also also RB 7960 11872 12 set set VBD 7960 11872 13 a a DT 7960 11872 14 high high JJ 7960 11872 15 value value NN 7960 11872 16 on on IN 7960 11872 17 athletics athletic NNS 7960 11872 18 . . . 7960 11873 1 The the DT 7960 11873 2 sixty sixty CD 7960 11873 3 or or CC 7960 11873 4 seventy seventy CD 7960 11873 5 young young JJ 7960 11873 6 men man NNS 7960 11873 7 under under IN 7960 11873 8 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 11873 9 care care NN 7960 11873 10 were be VBD 7960 11873 11 taught teach VBN 7960 11873 12 to to IN 7960 11873 13 hunt hunt NN 7960 11873 14 and and CC 7960 11873 15 fish fish NN 7960 11873 16 , , , 7960 11873 17 to to TO 7960 11873 18 run run VB 7960 11873 19 and and CC 7960 11873 20 jump jump VB 7960 11873 21 , , , 7960 11873 22 to to TO 7960 11873 23 wrestle wrestle VB 7960 11873 24 and and CC 7960 11873 25 fence fence NN 7960 11873 26 , , , 7960 11873 27 to to TO 7960 11873 28 walk walk VB 7960 11873 29 gracefully gracefully RB 7960 11873 30 , , , 7960 11873 31 and and CC 7960 11873 32 above above IN 7960 11873 33 all all DT 7960 11873 34 things thing NNS 7960 11873 35 to to TO 7960 11873 36 be be VB 7960 11873 37 temperate temperate NN 7960 11873 38 . . . 7960 11874 1 For for IN 7960 11874 2 intellectual intellectual JJ 7960 11874 3 training training NN 7960 11874 4 he -PRON- PRP 7960 11874 5 depended depend VBD 7960 11874 6 on on IN 7960 11874 7 the the DT 7960 11874 8 Latin latin JJ 7960 11874 9 classics classic NNS 7960 11874 10 as as IN 7960 11874 11 the the DT 7960 11874 12 best good JJS 7960 11874 13 means mean NNS 7960 11874 14 of of IN 7960 11874 15 introducing introduce VBG 7960 11874 16 students student NNS 7960 11874 17 to to IN 7960 11874 18 the the DT 7960 11874 19 literature literature NN 7960 11874 20 , , , 7960 11874 21 art art NN 7960 11874 22 , , , 7960 11874 23 and and CC 7960 11874 24 philosophy philosophy NN 7960 11874 25 of of IN 7960 11874 26 ancient ancient JJ 7960 11874 27 times time NNS 7960 11874 28 . . . 7960 11875 1 Vittorino Vittorino NNP 7960 11875 2 's 's POS 7960 11875 3 name name NN 7960 11875 4 is be VBZ 7960 11875 5 not not RB 7960 11875 6 widely widely RB 7960 11875 7 known know VBN 7960 11875 8 to to IN 7960 11875 9 - - HYPH 7960 11875 10 day day NN 7960 11875 11 ; ; : 7960 11875 12 he -PRON- PRP 7960 11875 13 left leave VBD 7960 11875 14 no no DT 7960 11875 15 writings writing NNS 7960 11875 16 , , , 7960 11875 17 preferring prefer VBG 7960 11875 18 , , , 7960 11875 19 as as IN 7960 11875 20 he -PRON- PRP 7960 11875 21 said say VBD 7960 11875 22 , , , 7960 11875 23 to to TO 7960 11875 24 live live VB 7960 11875 25 in in IN 7960 11875 26 the the DT 7960 11875 27 lives life NNS 7960 11875 28 of of IN 7960 11875 29 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 11875 30 pupils pupil NNS 7960 11875 31 ; ; : 7960 11875 32 but but CC 7960 11875 33 there there EX 7960 11875 34 is be VBZ 7960 11875 35 scarcely scarcely RB 7960 11875 36 a a DT 7960 11875 37 modern modern JJ 7960 11875 38 teacher teacher NN 7960 11875 39 who who WP 7960 11875 40 does do VBZ 7960 11875 41 not not RB 7960 11875 42 consciously consciously RB 7960 11875 43 or or CC 7960 11875 44 unconsciously unconsciously RB 7960 11875 45 follow follow VB 7960 11875 46 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 11875 47 methods method NNS 7960 11875 48 . . . 7960 11876 1 More More JJR 7960 11876 2 than than IN 7960 11876 3 anyone anyone NN 7960 11876 4 else else RB 7960 11876 5 , , , 7960 11876 6 he -PRON- PRP 7960 11876 7 is be VBZ 7960 11876 8 responsible responsible JJ 7960 11876 9 for for IN 7960 11876 10 the the DT 7960 11876 11 educational educational JJ 7960 11876 12 system system NN 7960 11876 13 which which WDT 7960 11876 14 has have VBZ 7960 11876 15 prevailed prevail VBN 7960 11876 16 in in IN 7960 11876 17 Europe Europe NNP 7960 11876 18 almost almost RB 7960 11876 19 to to IN 7960 11876 20 the the DT 7960 11876 21 present present JJ 7960 11876 22 day day NN 7960 11876 23 . . . 7960 11877 1 A a DT 7960 11877 2 " " `` 7960 11877 3 CLASSICAL CLASSICAL NNP 7960 11877 4 EDUCATION education NN 7960 11877 5 " " '' 7960 11877 6 It -PRON- PRP 7960 11877 7 can can MD 7960 11877 8 not not RB 7960 11877 9 be be VB 7960 11877 10 said say VBN 7960 11877 11 that that IN 7960 11877 12 the the DT 7960 11877 13 influence influence NN 7960 11877 14 of of IN 7960 11877 15 humanism humanism NN 7960 11877 16 on on IN 7960 11877 17 education education NN 7960 11877 18 was be VBD 7960 11877 19 wholly wholly RB 7960 11877 20 good good JJ 7960 11877 21 . . . 7960 11878 1 Henceforth henceforth RB 7960 11878 2 the the DT 7960 11878 3 Greek greek JJ 7960 11878 4 and and CC 7960 11878 5 Latin latin JJ 7960 11878 6 languages language NNS 7960 11878 7 and and CC 7960 11878 8 literatures literature NNS 7960 11878 9 became become VBD 7960 11878 10 the the DT 7960 11878 11 chief chief JJ 7960 11878 12 instruments instrument NNS 7960 11878 13 of of IN 7960 11878 14 culture culture NN 7960 11878 15 . . . 7960 11879 1 Educators educator NNS 7960 11879 2 neglected neglect VBD 7960 11879 3 the the DT 7960 11879 4 great great JJ 7960 11879 5 world world NN 7960 11879 6 of of IN 7960 11879 7 nature nature NN 7960 11879 8 and and CC 7960 11879 9 of of IN 7960 11879 10 human human JJ 7960 11879 11 life life NN 7960 11879 12 which which WDT 7960 11879 13 lay lie VBD 7960 11879 14 outside outside IN 7960 11879 15 the the DT 7960 11879 16 writings writing NNS 7960 11879 17 of of IN 7960 11879 18 the the DT 7960 11879 19 ancients ancient NNS 7960 11879 20 . . . 7960 11880 1 This this DT 7960 11880 2 " " `` 7960 11880 3 bookishness bookishness NN 7960 11880 4 " " '' 7960 11880 5 formed form VBD 7960 11880 6 a a DT 7960 11880 7 real real JJ 7960 11880 8 defect defect NN 7960 11880 9 of of IN 7960 11880 10 Renaissance Renaissance NNP 7960 11880 11 systems system NNS 7960 11880 12 of of IN 7960 11880 13 training training NN 7960 11880 14 . . . 7960 11881 1 COMENIUS COMENIUS NNP 7960 11881 2 , , , 7960 11881 3 1592 1592 CD 7960 11881 4 - - SYM 7960 11881 5 1671 1671 CD 7960 11881 6 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 11881 7 A a DT 7960 11881 8 Moravian moravian JJ 7960 11881 9 bishop bishop NN 7960 11881 10 named name VBD 7960 11881 11 Comenius Comenius NNP 7960 11881 12 , , , 7960 11881 13 who who WP 7960 11881 14 gave give VBD 7960 11881 15 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 11881 16 long long JJ 7960 11881 17 life life NN 7960 11881 18 almost almost RB 7960 11881 19 wholly wholly RB 7960 11881 20 to to IN 7960 11881 21 teaching teaching NN 7960 11881 22 , , , 7960 11881 23 stands stand VBZ 7960 11881 24 for for IN 7960 11881 25 a a DT 7960 11881 26 reaction reaction NN 7960 11881 27 against against IN 7960 11881 28 humanistic humanistic JJ 7960 11881 29 education education NN 7960 11881 30 . . . 7960 11882 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 11882 2 proposed propose VBD 7960 11882 3 that that IN 7960 11882 4 the the DT 7960 11882 5 vernacular vernacular JJ 7960 11882 6 tongues tongue NNS 7960 11882 7 , , , 7960 11882 8 as as RB 7960 11882 9 well well RB 7960 11882 10 as as IN 7960 11882 11 the the DT 7960 11882 12 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11884 1 Comenius Comenius NNP 7960 11884 2 also also RB 7960 11884 3 believed believe VBD 7960 11884 4 that that IN 7960 11884 5 the the DT 7960 11884 6 curriculum curriculum NN 7960 11884 7 should should MD 7960 11884 8 include include VB 7960 11884 9 the the DT 7960 11884 10 study study NN 7960 11884 11 of of IN 7960 11884 12 geography geography NN 7960 11884 13 , , , 7960 11884 14 world world NN 7960 11884 15 history history NN 7960 11884 16 , , , 7960 11884 17 and and CC 7960 11884 18 government government NN 7960 11884 19 , , , 7960 11884 20 and and CC 7960 11884 21 the the DT 7960 11884 22 practice practice NN 7960 11884 23 of of IN 7960 11884 24 the the DT 7960 11884 25 manual manual JJ 7960 11884 26 arts art NNS 7960 11884 27 . . . 7960 11885 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 11885 2 was be VBD 7960 11885 3 one one CD 7960 11885 4 of of IN 7960 11885 5 the the DT 7960 11885 6 first first JJ 7960 11885 7 to to TO 7960 11885 8 advocate advocate VB 7960 11885 9 the the DT 7960 11885 10 teaching teaching NN 7960 11885 11 of of IN 7960 11885 12 science science NN 7960 11885 13 . . . 7960 11886 1 Perhaps perhaps RB 7960 11886 2 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 11886 3 most most RBS 7960 11886 4 notable notable JJ 7960 11886 5 idea idea NN 7960 11886 6 was be VBD 7960 11886 7 that that DT 7960 11886 8 of of IN 7960 11886 9 a a DT 7960 11886 10 national national JJ 7960 11886 11 system system NN 7960 11886 12 of of IN 7960 11886 13 education education NN 7960 11886 14 , , , 7960 11886 15 reaching reach VBG 7960 11886 16 from from IN 7960 11886 17 primary primary JJ 7960 11886 18 grades grade NNS 7960 11886 19 to to IN 7960 11886 20 the the DT 7960 11886 21 university university NN 7960 11886 22 . . . 7960 11887 1 " " `` 7960 11887 2 Not not RB 7960 11887 3 only only RB 7960 11887 4 , , , 7960 11887 5 " " '' 7960 11887 6 he -PRON- PRP 7960 11887 7 writes write VBZ 7960 11887 8 , , , 7960 11887 9 " " `` 7960 11887 10 are be VBP 7960 11887 11 the the DT 7960 11887 12 children child NNS 7960 11887 13 of of IN 7960 11887 14 the the DT 7960 11887 15 rich rich JJ 7960 11887 16 and and CC 7960 11887 17 noble noble JJ 7960 11887 18 to to TO 7960 11887 19 be be VB 7960 11887 20 drawn draw VBN 7960 11887 21 to to IN 7960 11887 22 school school NN 7960 11887 23 , , , 7960 11887 24 but but CC 7960 11887 25 all all DT 7960 11887 26 alike alike RB 7960 11887 27 , , , 7960 11887 28 rich rich JJ 7960 11887 29 and and CC 7960 11887 30 poor poor JJ 7960 11887 31 , , , 7960 11887 32 boys boy NNS 7960 11887 33 and and CC 7960 11887 34 girls girl NNS 7960 11887 35 , , , 7960 11887 36 in in IN 7960 11887 37 great great JJ 7960 11887 38 towns town NNS 7960 11887 39 and and CC 7960 11887 40 small small JJ 7960 11887 41 , , , 7960 11887 42 down down RB 7960 11887 43 to to IN 7960 11887 44 the the DT 7960 11887 45 country country NN 7960 11887 46 villages village NNS 7960 11887 47 . . . 7960 11887 48 " " '' 7960 11888 1 The the DT 7960 11888 2 influence influence NN 7960 11888 3 of of IN 7960 11888 4 this this DT 7960 11888 5 Slavic slavic JJ 7960 11888 6 teacher teacher NN 7960 11888 7 is be VBZ 7960 11888 8 more more RBR 7960 11888 9 and and CC 7960 11888 10 more more RBR 7960 11888 11 felt feel VBN 7960 11888 12 in in IN 7960 11888 13 modern modern JJ 7960 11888 14 systems system NNS 7960 11888 15 of of IN 7960 11888 16 education education NN 7960 11888 17 . . . 7960 11889 1 216 216 CD 7960 11889 2 . . . 7960 11890 1 THE the DT 7960 11890 2 SCIENTIFIC scientific JJ 7960 11890 3 RENAISSANCE renaissance NN 7960 11890 4 HUMANISM HUMANISM NNP 7960 11890 5 AND and CC 7960 11890 6 SCIENCE science NN 7960 11890 7 The the DT 7960 11890 8 Middle Middle NNP 7960 11890 9 Ages Ages NNPS 7960 11890 10 were be VBD 7960 11890 11 not not RB 7960 11890 12 by by IN 7960 11890 13 any any DT 7960 11890 14 means mean NNS 7960 11890 15 ignorant ignorant JJ 7960 11890 16 of of IN 7960 11890 17 science science NN 7960 11890 18 , , , 7960 11890 19 [ [ -LRB- 7960 11890 20 18 18 CD 7960 11890 21 ] ] -RRB- 7960 11890 22 but but CC 7960 11890 23 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 11890 24 study study NN 7960 11890 25 naturally naturally RB 7960 11890 26 received receive VBD 7960 11890 27 a a DT 7960 11890 28 great great JJ 7960 11890 29 impetus impetus NN 7960 11890 30 when when WRB 7960 11890 31 the the DT 7960 11890 32 Renaissance Renaissance NNP 7960 11890 33 brought bring VBD 7960 11890 34 before before RB 7960 11890 35 educated educate VBN 7960 11890 36 men man NNS 7960 11890 37 all all PDT 7960 11890 38 that that WDT 7960 11890 39 the the DT 7960 11890 40 Greeks Greeks NNPS 7960 11890 41 and and CC 7960 11890 42 Romans Romans NNPS 7960 11890 43 had have VBD 7960 11890 44 done do VBN 7960 11890 45 in in IN 7960 11890 46 mathematics mathematic NNS 7960 11890 47 , , , 7960 11890 48 physics physics NN 7960 11890 49 , , , 7960 11890 50 astronomy astronomy NN 7960 11890 51 , , , 7960 11890 52 medicine medicine NN 7960 11890 53 , , , 7960 11890 54 and and CC 7960 11890 55 other other JJ 7960 11890 56 subjects subject NNS 7960 11890 57 . . . 7960 11891 1 The the DT 7960 11891 2 invention invention NN 7960 11891 3 of of IN 7960 11891 4 printing printing NN 7960 11891 5 also also RB 7960 11891 6 fostered foster VBD 7960 11891 7 the the DT 7960 11891 8 scientific scientific JJ 7960 11891 9 revival revival NN 7960 11891 10 by by IN 7960 11891 11 making make VBG 7960 11891 12 it -PRON- PRP 7960 11891 13 easy easy JJ 7960 11891 14 to to TO 7960 11891 15 spread spread VB 7960 11891 16 knowledge knowledge NN 7960 11891 17 abroad abroad RB 7960 11891 18 in in IN 7960 11891 19 every every DT 7960 11891 20 land land NN 7960 11891 21 . . . 7960 11892 1 The the DT 7960 11892 2 pioneers pioneer NNS 7960 11892 3 of of IN 7960 11892 4 Renaissance Renaissance NNP 7960 11892 5 science science NN 7960 11892 6 were be VBD 7960 11892 7 Italians Italians NNPS 7960 11892 8 , , , 7960 11892 9 but but CC 7960 11892 10 students student NNS 7960 11892 11 in in IN 7960 11892 12 France France NNP 7960 11892 13 , , , 7960 11892 14 England England NNP 7960 11892 15 , , , 7960 11892 16 Germany Germany NNP 7960 11892 17 , , , 7960 11892 18 and and CC 7960 11892 19 other other JJ 7960 11892 20 countries country NNS 7960 11892 21 soon soon RB 7960 11892 22 took take VBD 7960 11892 23 up up RP 7960 11892 24 the the DT 7960 11892 25 work work NN 7960 11892 26 of of IN 7960 11892 27 enlightenment enlightenment NN 7960 11892 28 . . . 7960 11893 1 COPERNICUS COPERNICUS NNP 7960 11893 2 1473 1473 CD 7960 11893 3 - - SYM 7960 11893 4 1543 1543 CD 7960 11893 5 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 11894 1 The the DT 7960 11894 2 names name NNS 7960 11894 3 of of IN 7960 11894 4 some some DT 7960 11894 5 Renaissance Renaissance NNP 7960 11894 6 scientists scientist NNS 7960 11894 7 stand stand VBP 7960 11894 8 as as IN 7960 11894 9 landmarks landmark NNS 7960 11894 10 in in IN 7960 11894 11 the the DT 7960 11894 12 history history NN 7960 11894 13 of of IN 7960 11894 14 thought thought NN 7960 11894 15 . . . 7960 11895 1 The the DT 7960 11895 2 first first JJ 7960 11895 3 place place NN 7960 11895 4 must must MD 7960 11895 5 be be VB 7960 11895 6 given give VBN 7960 11895 7 to to IN 7960 11895 8 Copernicus Copernicus NNP 7960 11895 9 , , , 7960 11895 10 the the DT 7960 11895 11 founder founder NN 7960 11895 12 of of IN 7960 11895 13 modern modern JJ 7960 11895 14 astronomy astronomy NN 7960 11895 15 . . . 7960 11896 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 11896 2 was be VBD 7960 11896 3 a a DT 7960 11896 4 Pole Pole NNP 7960 11896 5 , , , 7960 11896 6 but but CC 7960 11896 7 lived live VBD 7960 11896 8 many many JJ 7960 11896 9 years year NNS 7960 11896 10 in in IN 7960 11896 11 Italy Italy NNP 7960 11896 12 . . . 7960 11897 1 Patient patient JJ 7960 11897 2 study study NN 7960 11897 3 and and CC 7960 11897 4 calculation calculation NN 7960 11897 5 led lead VBD 7960 11897 6 him -PRON- PRP 7960 11897 7 to to IN 7960 11897 8 the the DT 7960 11897 9 conclusion conclusion NN 7960 11897 10 that that IN 7960 11897 11 the the DT 7960 11897 12 earth earth NN 7960 11897 13 turns turn VBZ 7960 11897 14 upon upon IN 7960 11897 15 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 11897 16 own own JJ 7960 11897 17 axis axis NN 7960 11897 18 , , , 7960 11897 19 and and CC 7960 11897 20 , , , 7960 11897 21 together together RB 7960 11897 22 with with IN 7960 11897 23 the the DT 7960 11897 24 planets planet NNS 7960 11897 25 , , , 7960 11897 26 revolves revolve VBZ 7960 11897 27 around around IN 7960 11897 28 the the DT 7960 11897 29 sun sun NN 7960 11897 30 . . . 7960 11898 1 The the DT 7960 11898 2 book book NN 7960 11898 3 in in IN 7960 11898 4 which which WDT 7960 11898 5 he -PRON- PRP 7960 11898 6 announced announce VBD 7960 11898 7 this this DT 7960 11898 8 conclusion conclusion NN 7960 11898 9 did do VBD 7960 11898 10 not not RB 7960 11898 11 appear appear VB 7960 11898 12 until until IN 7960 11898 13 the the DT 7960 11898 14 very very JJ 7960 11898 15 end end NN 7960 11898 16 of of IN 7960 11898 17 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 11898 18 life life NN 7960 11898 19 . . . 7960 11899 1 A a DT 7960 11899 2 copy copy NN 7960 11899 3 of of IN 7960 11899 4 it -PRON- PRP 7960 11899 5 reached reach VBD 7960 11899 6 him -PRON- PRP 7960 11899 7 on on IN 7960 11899 8 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 11899 9 deathbed deathbed NN 7960 11899 10 . . . 7960 11900 1 THE the DT 7960 11900 2 COPERNICAN COPERNICAN NNP 7960 11900 3 THEORY THEORY VBD 7960 11900 4 Medieval medieval JJ 7960 11900 5 astronomers astronomer NNS 7960 11900 6 had have VBD 7960 11900 7 generally generally RB 7960 11900 8 accepted accept VBN 7960 11900 9 the the DT 7960 11900 10 Ptolemaic Ptolemaic NNP 7960 11900 11 system system NN 7960 11900 12 . . . 7960 11901 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 11901 2 19 19 CD 7960 11901 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 11901 4 Some some DT 7960 11901 5 students student NNS 7960 11901 6 before before IN 7960 11901 7 Copernicus Copernicus NNP 7960 11901 8 had have VBD 7960 11901 9 indeed indeed RB 7960 11901 10 suggested suggest VBN 7960 11901 11 that that IN 7960 11901 12 the the DT 7960 11901 13 earth earth NN 7960 11901 14 and and CC 7960 11901 15 planets planet NNS 7960 11901 16 might may MD 7960 11901 17 rotate rotate VB 7960 11901 18 about about IN 7960 11901 19 a a DT 7960 11901 20 central central JJ 7960 11901 21 sun sun NN 7960 11901 22 , , , 7960 11901 23 but but CC 7960 11901 24 he -PRON- PRP 7960 11901 25 first first RB 7960 11901 26 gave give VBD 7960 11901 27 reasons reason NNS 7960 11901 28 for for IN 7960 11901 29 such such PDT 7960 11901 30 a a DT 7960 11901 31 belief belief NN 7960 11901 32 . . . 7960 11902 1 The the DT 7960 11902 2 new new JJ 7960 11902 3 theory theory NN 7960 11902 4 met meet VBD 7960 11902 5 much much JJ 7960 11902 6 opposition opposition NN 7960 11902 7 , , , 7960 11902 8 not not RB 7960 11902 9 only only RB 7960 11902 10 in in IN 7960 11902 11 the the DT 7960 11902 12 universities university NNS 7960 11902 13 , , , 7960 11902 14 which which WDT 7960 11902 15 clung clung VBP 7960 11902 16 to to IN 7960 11902 17 the the DT 7960 11902 18 time time NN 7960 11902 19 - - HYPH 7960 11902 20 honored honor VBN 7960 11902 21 Ptolemaic Ptolemaic NNP 7960 11902 22 system system NN 7960 11902 23 , , , 7960 11902 24 but but CC 7960 11902 25 also also RB 7960 11902 26 among among IN 7960 11902 27 theologians theologian NNS 7960 11902 28 , , , 7960 11902 29 who who WP 7960 11902 30 thought think VBD 7960 11902 31 that that IN 7960 11902 32 it -PRON- PRP 7960 11902 33 contradicted contradict VBD 7960 11902 34 many many JJ 7960 11902 35 statements statement NNS 7960 11902 36 in in IN 7960 11902 37 the the DT 7960 11902 38 Bible Bible NNP 7960 11902 39 . . . 7960 11903 1 Moreover moreover RB 7960 11903 2 , , , 7960 11903 3 people people NNS 7960 11903 4 could could MD 7960 11903 5 not not RB 7960 11903 6 easily easily RB 7960 11903 7 reconcile reconcile VB 7960 11903 8 themselves -PRON- PRP 7960 11903 9 to to IN 7960 11903 10 the the DT 7960 11903 11 idea idea NN 7960 11903 12 that that IN 7960 11903 13 the the DT 7960 11903 14 earth earth NN 7960 11903 15 , , , 7960 11903 16 instead instead RB 7960 11903 17 of of IN 7960 11903 18 being be VBG 7960 11903 19 the the DT 7960 11903 20 center center NN 7960 11903 21 of of IN 7960 11903 22 the the DT 7960 11903 23 universe universe NN 7960 11903 24 , , , 7960 11903 25 is be VBZ 7960 11903 26 only only RB 7960 11903 27 one one CD 7960 11903 28 member member NN 7960 11903 29 of of IN 7960 11903 30 the the DT 7960 11903 31 solar solar JJ 7960 11903 32 system system NN 7960 11903 33 , , , 7960 11903 34 that that IN 7960 11903 35 it -PRON- PRP 7960 11903 36 is be VBZ 7960 11903 37 , , , 7960 11903 38 in in IN 7960 11903 39 fact fact NN 7960 11903 40 , , , 7960 11903 41 only only RB 7960 11903 42 a a DT 7960 11903 43 mere mere JJ 7960 11903 44 speck speck NN 7960 11903 45 of of IN 7960 11903 46 cosmic cosmic JJ 7960 11903 47 dust dust NN 7960 11903 48 . . . 7960 11904 1 GALILEO GALILEO NNP 7960 11904 2 , , , 7960 11904 3 1564 1564 CD 7960 11904 4 - - SYM 7960 11904 5 1642 1642 CD 7960 11904 6 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 11904 7 An an DT 7960 11904 8 Italian italian JJ 7960 11904 9 scientist scientist NN 7960 11904 10 , , , 7960 11904 11 Galileo Galileo NNP 7960 11904 12 , , , 7960 11904 13 made make VBD 7960 11904 14 one one CD 7960 11904 15 of of IN 7960 11904 16 the the DT 7960 11904 17 first first JJ 7960 11904 18 telescopes telescope NNS 7960 11904 19 -- -- : 7960 11904 20 it -PRON- PRP 7960 11904 21 was be VBD 7960 11904 22 about about RB 7960 11904 23 as as RB 7960 11904 24 powerful powerful JJ 7960 11904 25 as as IN 7960 11904 26 an an DT 7960 11904 27 opera opera NN 7960 11904 28 glass glass NN 7960 11904 29 -- -- : 7960 11904 30 and and CC 7960 11904 31 turned turn VBD 7960 11904 32 it -PRON- PRP 7960 11904 33 on on IN 7960 11904 34 the the DT 7960 11904 35 heavenly heavenly JJ 7960 11904 36 bodies body NNS 7960 11904 37 with with IN 7960 11904 38 wonderful wonderful JJ 7960 11904 39 results result NNS 7960 11904 40 . . . 7960 11905 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 11905 2 found find VBD 7960 11905 3 the the DT 7960 11905 4 sun sun NN 7960 11905 5 moving move VBG 7960 11905 6 unmistakably unmistakably RB 7960 11905 7 on on IN 7960 11905 8 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 11905 9 axis axis NN 7960 11905 10 , , , 7960 11905 11 Venus Venus NNP 7960 11905 12 showing show VBG 7960 11905 13 phases phase NNS 7960 11905 14 according accord VBG 7960 11905 15 to to IN 7960 11905 16 her -PRON- PRP$ 7960 11905 17 position position NN 7960 11905 18 in in IN 7960 11905 19 relation relation NN 7960 11905 20 to to IN 7960 11905 21 the the DT 7960 11905 22 sun sun NN 7960 11905 23 , , , 7960 11905 24 Jupiter Jupiter NNP 7960 11905 25 accompanied accompany VBN 7960 11905 26 by by IN 7960 11905 27 revolving revolve VBG 7960 11905 28 moons moon NNS 7960 11905 29 , , , 7960 11905 30 or or CC 7960 11905 31 satellites satellite NNS 7960 11905 32 , , , 7960 11905 33 and and CC 7960 11905 34 the the DT 7960 11905 35 Milky Milky NNP 7960 11905 36 Way Way NNP 7960 11905 37 composed compose VBN 7960 11905 38 of of IN 7960 11905 39 a a DT 7960 11905 40 multitude multitude NN 7960 11905 41 of of IN 7960 11905 42 separate separate JJ 7960 11905 43 stars star NNS 7960 11905 44 . . . 7960 11906 1 Galileo Galileo NNP 7960 11906 2 rightly rightly RB 7960 11906 3 believed believe VBD 7960 11906 4 that that IN 7960 11906 5 these these DT 7960 11906 6 discoveries discovery NNS 7960 11906 7 confirmed confirm VBD 7960 11906 8 the the DT 7960 11906 9 theory theory NN 7960 11906 10 of of IN 7960 11906 11 Copernicus Copernicus NNP 7960 11906 12 . . . 7960 11907 1 KEPLER KEPLER NNP 7960 11907 2 , , , 7960 11907 3 1571 1571 CD 7960 11907 4 - - SYM 7960 11907 5 1630 1630 CD 7960 11907 6 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 11907 7 Another another DT 7960 11907 8 man man NN 7960 11907 9 of of IN 7960 11907 10 genius genius NN 7960 11907 11 , , , 7960 11907 12 the the DT 7960 11907 13 German German NNP 7960 11907 14 Kepler Kepler NNP 7960 11907 15 , , , 7960 11907 16 worked work VBD 7960 11907 17 out out RP 7960 11907 18 the the DT 7960 11907 19 mathematical mathematical JJ 7960 11907 20 laws law NNS 7960 11907 21 which which WDT 7960 11907 22 govern govern VBP 7960 11907 23 the the DT 7960 11907 24 movements movement NNS 7960 11907 25 of of IN 7960 11907 26 the the DT 7960 11907 27 planets planet NNS 7960 11907 28 . . . 7960 11908 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 11908 2 made make VBD 7960 11908 3 it -PRON- PRP 7960 11908 4 clear clear JJ 7960 11908 5 that that IN 7960 11908 6 the the DT 7960 11908 7 planets planet NNS 7960 11908 8 revolve revolve VB 7960 11908 9 around around IN 7960 11908 10 sun sun NN 7960 11908 11 in in IN 7960 11908 12 elliptical elliptical JJ 7960 11908 13 instead instead RB 7960 11908 14 of of IN 7960 11908 15 circular circular JJ 7960 11908 16 orbits orbit NNS 7960 11908 17 . . . 7960 11909 1 Kepler Kepler NNP 7960 11909 2 's 's POS 7960 11909 3 investigations investigation NNS 7960 11909 4 afterwards afterwards RB 7960 11909 5 led lead VBD 7960 11909 6 to to IN 7960 11909 7 the the DT 7960 11909 8 discovery discovery NN 7960 11909 9 of of IN 7960 11909 10 the the DT 7960 11909 11 principle principle NN 7960 11909 12 of of IN 7960 11909 13 gravitation gravitation NN 7960 11909 14 . . . 7960 11910 1 VESALIUS VESALIUS NNP 7960 11910 2 , , , 7960 11910 3 1514 1514 CD 7960 11910 4 - - SYM 7960 11910 5 1564 1564 CD 7960 11910 6 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 11910 7 , , , 7960 11910 8 AND and CC 7960 11910 9 HARVEY HARVEY NNP 7960 11910 10 , , , 7960 11910 11 1578 1578 CD 7960 11910 12 - - SYM 7960 11910 13 1657 1657 CD 7960 11910 14 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 11910 15 Two two CD 7960 11910 16 other other JJ 7960 11910 17 scientists scientist NNS 7960 11910 18 did do VBD 7960 11910 19 epochal epochal NN 7960 11910 20 work work NN 7960 11910 21 in in IN 7960 11910 22 a a DT 7960 11910 23 field field NN 7960 11910 24 far far RB 7960 11910 25 removed remove VBN 7960 11910 26 from from IN 7960 11910 27 astronomy astronomy NN 7960 11910 28 . . . 7960 11911 1 Vesalius Vesalius NNP 7960 11911 2 , , , 7960 11911 3 a a DT 7960 11911 4 Fleming Fleming NNP 7960 11911 5 , , , 7960 11911 6 who who WP 7960 11911 7 studied study VBD 7960 11911 8 in in IN 7960 11911 9 Italian italian JJ 7960 11911 10 medical medical JJ 7960 11911 11 schools school NNS 7960 11911 12 , , , 7960 11911 13 gave give VBD 7960 11911 14 to to IN 7960 11911 15 the the DT 7960 11911 16 world world NN 7960 11911 17 the the DT 7960 11911 18 first first JJ 7960 11911 19 careful careful JJ 7960 11911 20 description description NN 7960 11911 21 of of IN 7960 11911 22 the the DT 7960 11911 23 human human JJ 7960 11911 24 body body NN 7960 11911 25 based base VBN 7960 11911 26 on on IN 7960 11911 27 actual actual JJ 7960 11911 28 dissection dissection NN 7960 11911 29 . . . 7960 11912 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 11912 2 was be VBD 7960 11912 3 thus thus RB 7960 11912 4 the the DT 7960 11912 5 founder founder NN 7960 11912 6 of of IN 7960 11912 7 human human JJ 7960 11912 8 anatomy anatomy NN 7960 11912 9 . . . 7960 11913 1 Harvey Harvey NNP 7960 11913 2 , , , 7960 11913 3 an an DT 7960 11913 4 Englishman Englishman NNP 7960 11913 5 , , , 7960 11913 6 after after IN 7960 11913 7 observing observe VBG 7960 11913 8 living living NN 7960 11913 9 animals animal NNS 7960 11913 10 , , , 7960 11913 11 announced announce VBD 7960 11913 12 the the DT 7960 11913 13 discovery discovery NN 7960 11913 14 of of IN 7960 11913 15 the the DT 7960 11913 16 circulation circulation NN 7960 11913 17 of of IN 7960 11913 18 the the DT 7960 11913 19 blood blood NN 7960 11913 20 . . . 7960 11914 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 11914 2 thereby thereby RB 7960 11914 3 founded found VBD 7960 11914 4 human human JJ 7960 11914 5 physiology physiology NN 7960 11914 6 . . . 7960 11915 1 THE the DT 7960 11915 2 SCIENTIFIC scientific JJ 7960 11915 3 METHOD METHOD NNP 7960 11915 4 Copernicus Copernicus NNP 7960 11915 5 , , , 7960 11915 6 Galileo Galileo NNP 7960 11915 7 , , , 7960 11915 8 Kepler Kepler NNP 7960 11915 9 , , , 7960 11915 10 Vesalius Vesalius NNP 7960 11915 11 , , , 7960 11915 12 Harvey Harvey NNP 7960 11915 13 , , , 7960 11915 14 and and CC 7960 11915 15 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 11915 16 fellow fellow JJ 7960 11915 17 workers worker NNS 7960 11915 18 built build VBD 7960 11915 19 up up RP 7960 11915 20 the the DT 7960 11915 21 scientific scientific JJ 7960 11915 22 method method NN 7960 11915 23 . . . 7960 11916 1 In in IN 7960 11916 2 the the DT 7960 11916 3 Middle Middle NNP 7960 11916 4 Ages Ages NNP 7960 11916 5 students student NNS 7960 11916 6 had have VBD 7960 11916 7 mostly mostly RB 7960 11916 8 been be VBN 7960 11916 9 satisfied satisfy VBN 7960 11916 10 to to TO 7960 11916 11 accept accept VB 7960 11916 12 what what WP 7960 11916 13 Aristotle Aristotle NNP 7960 11916 14 and and CC 7960 11916 15 other other JJ 7960 11916 16 philosophers philosopher NNS 7960 11916 17 had have VBD 7960 11916 18 said say VBN 7960 11916 19 , , , 7960 11916 20 without without IN 7960 11916 21 trying try VBG 7960 11916 22 to to TO 7960 11916 23 prove prove VB 7960 11916 24 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 11916 25 statements statement NNS 7960 11916 26 . . . 7960 11917 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 11917 2 20 20 CD 7960 11917 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 11917 4 Kepler Kepler NNP 7960 11917 5 , , , 7960 11917 6 for for IN 7960 11917 7 instance instance NN 7960 11917 8 , , , 7960 11917 9 was be VBD 7960 11917 10 the the DT 7960 11917 11 first first JJ 7960 11917 12 to to TO 7960 11917 13 disprove disprove VB 7960 11917 14 the the DT 7960 11917 15 Aristotelian aristotelian JJ 7960 11917 16 idea idea NN 7960 11917 17 that that IN 7960 11917 18 , , , 7960 11917 19 as as IN 7960 11917 20 all all DT 7960 11917 21 perfect perfect JJ 7960 11917 22 motion motion NN 7960 11917 23 is be VBZ 7960 11917 24 circular circular JJ 7960 11917 25 , , , 7960 11917 26 therefore therefore RB 7960 11917 27 the the DT 7960 11917 28 heavenly heavenly JJ 7960 11917 29 bodies body NNS 7960 11917 30 must must MD 7960 11917 31 move move VB 7960 11917 32 in in IN 7960 11917 33 circular circular JJ 7960 11917 34 orbits orbit NNS 7960 11917 35 . . . 7960 11918 1 Similarly similarly RB 7960 11918 2 , , , 7960 11918 3 the the DT 7960 11918 4 world world NN 7960 11918 5 had have VBD 7960 11918 6 to to TO 7960 11918 7 wait wait VB 7960 11918 8 many many JJ 7960 11918 9 centuries century NNS 7960 11918 10 before before IN 7960 11918 11 Harvey Harvey NNP 7960 11918 12 showed show VBD 7960 11918 13 Aristotle Aristotle NNP 7960 11918 14 's 's POS 7960 11918 15 error error NN 7960 11918 16 in in IN 7960 11918 17 supposing suppose VBG 7960 11918 18 that that IN 7960 11918 19 the the DT 7960 11918 20 blood blood NN 7960 11918 21 arose arise VBD 7960 11918 22 in in IN 7960 11918 23 the the DT 7960 11918 24 liver liver NN 7960 11918 25 , , , 7960 11918 26 went go VBD 7960 11918 27 thence thence NN 7960 11918 28 to to IN 7960 11918 29 the the DT 7960 11918 30 heart heart NN 7960 11918 31 , , , 7960 11918 32 and and CC 7960 11918 33 by by IN 7960 11918 34 the the DT 7960 11918 35 veins vein NNS 7960 11918 36 was be VBD 7960 11918 37 conducted conduct VBN 7960 11918 38 over over IN 7960 11918 39 the the DT 7960 11918 40 body body NN 7960 11918 41 . . . 7960 11919 1 The the DT 7960 11919 2 new new JJ 7960 11919 3 scientific scientific JJ 7960 11919 4 method method NN 7960 11919 5 rested rest VBN 7960 11919 6 on on IN 7960 11919 7 observation observation NN 7960 11919 8 and and CC 7960 11919 9 experiment experiment NN 7960 11919 10 . . . 7960 11920 1 Students student NNS 7960 11920 2 learned learn VBD 7960 11920 3 at at IN 7960 11920 4 length length NN 7960 11920 5 to to TO 7960 11920 6 take take VB 7960 11920 7 nothing nothing NN 7960 11920 8 for for IN 7960 11920 9 granted grant VBN 7960 11920 10 , , , 7960 11920 11 to to TO 7960 11920 12 set set VB 7960 11920 13 aside aside RB 7960 11920 14 all all DT 7960 11920 15 authority authority NN 7960 11920 16 , , , 7960 11920 17 and and CC 7960 11920 18 to to TO 7960 11920 19 go go VB 7960 11920 20 straight straight RB 7960 11920 21 to to IN 7960 11920 22 nature nature NN 7960 11920 23 for for IN 7960 11920 24 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 11920 25 facts fact NNS 7960 11920 26 . . . 7960 11921 1 As as IN 7960 11921 2 Lord Lord NNP 7960 11921 3 Bacon Bacon NNP 7960 11921 4 , , , 7960 11921 5 [ [ -LRB- 7960 11921 6 21 21 CD 7960 11921 7 ] ] -RRB- 7960 11921 8 one one CD 7960 11921 9 of of IN 7960 11921 10 Shakespeare Shakespeare NNP 7960 11921 11 's 's POS 7960 11921 12 contemporaries contemporary NNS 7960 11921 13 and and CC 7960 11921 14 a a DT 7960 11921 15 severe severe JJ 7960 11921 16 critic critic NN 7960 11921 17 of of IN 7960 11921 18 the the DT 7960 11921 19 old old JJ 7960 11921 20 scholasticism scholasticism NN 7960 11921 21 , , , 7960 11921 22 declared declare VBD 7960 11921 23 , , , 7960 11921 24 " " `` 7960 11921 25 All all DT 7960 11921 26 depends depend VBZ 7960 11921 27 on on IN 7960 11921 28 keeping keep VBG 7960 11921 29 the the DT 7960 11921 30 eye eye NN 7960 11921 31 steadily steadily RB 7960 11921 32 fixed fix VBN 7960 11921 33 upon upon IN 7960 11921 34 the the DT 7960 11921 35 facts fact NNS 7960 11921 36 of of IN 7960 11921 37 nature nature NN 7960 11921 38 , , , 7960 11921 39 and and CC 7960 11921 40 so so RB 7960 11921 41 receiving receive VBG 7960 11921 42 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 11921 43 images image NNS 7960 11921 44 simply simply RB 7960 11921 45 as as IN 7960 11921 46 they -PRON- PRP 7960 11921 47 are be VBP 7960 11921 48 , , , 7960 11921 49 for for IN 7960 11921 50 God God NNP 7960 11921 51 forbid forbid VBP 7960 11921 52 that that IN 7960 11921 53 we -PRON- PRP 7960 11921 54 should should MD 7960 11921 55 give give VB 7960 11921 56 out out RP 7960 11921 57 a a DT 7960 11921 58 dream dream NN 7960 11921 59 of of IN 7960 11921 60 our -PRON- PRP$ 7960 11921 61 own own JJ 7960 11921 62 imagination imagination NN 7960 11921 63 for for IN 7960 11921 64 a a DT 7960 11921 65 pattern pattern NN 7960 11921 66 of of IN 7960 11921 67 the the DT 7960 11921 68 world world NN 7960 11921 69 . . . 7960 11921 70 " " '' 7960 11922 1 Modern modern JJ 7960 11922 2 science science NN 7960 11922 3 , , , 7960 11922 4 to to TO 7960 11922 5 which which WDT 7960 11922 6 we -PRON- PRP 7960 11922 7 owe owe VBP 7960 11922 8 so so RB 7960 11922 9 much much RB 7960 11922 10 , , , 7960 11922 11 is be VBZ 7960 11922 12 a a DT 7960 11922 13 product product NN 7960 11922 14 of of IN 7960 11922 15 the the DT 7960 11922 16 Renaissance Renaissance NNP 7960 11922 17 . . . 7960 11923 1 217 217 CD 7960 11923 2 . . . 7960 11924 1 THE the DT 7960 11924 2 ECONOMIC ECONOMIC NNP 7960 11924 3 RENAISSANCE renaissance NN 7960 11924 4 AN an DT 7960 11924 5 ECONOMIC economic JJ 7960 11924 6 CHANGE CHANGE NNS 7960 11924 7 Thus thus RB 7960 11924 8 far far RB 7960 11924 9 the the DT 7960 11924 10 Renaissance Renaissance NNP 7960 11924 11 has have VBZ 7960 11924 12 been be VBN 7960 11924 13 studied study VBN 7960 11924 14 as as IN 7960 11924 15 an an DT 7960 11924 16 intellectual intellectual JJ 7960 11924 17 and and CC 7960 11924 18 artistic artistic JJ 7960 11924 19 movement movement NN 7960 11924 20 , , , 7960 11924 21 which which WDT 7960 11924 22 did do VBD 7960 11924 23 much much JJ 7960 11924 24 to to TO 7960 11924 25 liberate liberate VB 7960 11924 26 the the DT 7960 11924 27 human human JJ 7960 11924 28 mind mind NN 7960 11924 29 and and CC 7960 11924 30 brought bring VBD 7960 11924 31 the the DT 7960 11924 32 Middle Middle NNP 7960 11924 33 Ages Ages NNPS 7960 11924 34 to to IN 7960 11924 35 an an DT 7960 11924 36 end end NN 7960 11924 37 in in IN 7960 11924 38 literature literature NN 7960 11924 39 , , , 7960 11924 40 in in IN 7960 11924 41 art art NN 7960 11924 42 , , , 7960 11924 43 and and CC 7960 11924 44 in in IN 7960 11924 45 science science NN 7960 11924 46 . . . 7960 11925 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 11925 2 is be VBZ 7960 11925 3 necessary necessary JJ 7960 11925 4 , , , 7960 11925 5 however however RB 7960 11925 6 , , , 7960 11925 7 to to TO 7960 11925 8 consider consider VB 7960 11925 9 the the DT 7960 11925 10 Renaissance Renaissance NNP 7960 11925 11 era era NN 7960 11925 12 from from IN 7960 11925 13 another another DT 7960 11925 14 point point NN 7960 11925 15 of of IN 7960 11925 16 view view NN 7960 11925 17 . . . 7960 11926 1 During during IN 7960 11926 2 this this DT 7960 11926 3 time time NN 7960 11926 4 an an DT 7960 11926 5 economic economic JJ 7960 11926 6 change change NN 7960 11926 7 of of IN 7960 11926 8 vast vast JJ 7960 11926 9 significance significance NN 7960 11926 10 was be VBD 7960 11926 11 taking take VBG 7960 11926 12 place place NN 7960 11926 13 in in IN 7960 11926 14 rural rural JJ 7960 11926 15 life life NN 7960 11926 16 all all RB 7960 11926 17 over over IN 7960 11926 18 western western JJ 7960 11926 19 Europe Europe NNP 7960 11926 20 . . . 7960 11927 1 We -PRON- PRP 7960 11927 2 refer refer VBP 7960 11927 3 to to IN 7960 11927 4 the the DT 7960 11927 5 decline decline NN 7960 11927 6 and and CC 7960 11927 7 ultimate ultimate JJ 7960 11927 8 extinction extinction NN 7960 11927 9 of of IN 7960 11927 10 medieval medieval JJ 7960 11927 11 serfdom serfdom NN 7960 11927 12 . . . 7960 11928 1 DECLINE DECLINE NNP 7960 11928 2 OF of IN 7960 11928 3 SERFDOM SERFDOM NNP 7960 11928 4 Serfdom Serfdom NNP 7960 11928 5 imposed impose VBD 7960 11928 6 a a DT 7960 11928 7 burden burden NN 7960 11928 8 only only RB 7960 11928 9 less less RBR 7960 11928 10 heavy heavy JJ 7960 11928 11 than than IN 7960 11928 12 the the DT 7960 11928 13 slavery slavery NN 7960 11928 14 which which WDT 7960 11928 15 it -PRON- PRP 7960 11928 16 had have VBD 7960 11928 17 displaced displace VBN 7960 11928 18 . . . 7960 11929 1 The the DT 7960 11929 2 serf serf NN 7960 11929 3 , , , 7960 11929 4 as as IN 7960 11929 5 has have VBZ 7960 11929 6 been be VBN 7960 11929 7 shown show VBN 7960 11929 8 , , , 7960 11929 9 [ [ -LRB- 7960 11929 10 22 22 CD 7960 11929 11 ] ] -RRB- 7960 11929 12 might may MD 7960 11929 13 not not RB 7960 11929 14 leave leave VB 7960 11929 15 the the DT 7960 11929 16 manor manor NN 7960 11929 17 in in IN 7960 11929 18 which which WDT 7960 11929 19 he -PRON- PRP 7960 11929 20 was be VBD 7960 11929 21 born bear VBN 7960 11929 22 , , , 7960 11929 23 he -PRON- PRP 7960 11929 24 might may MD 7960 11929 25 not not RB 7960 11929 26 sell sell VB 7960 11929 27 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 11929 28 holdings holding NNS 7960 11929 29 of of IN 7960 11929 30 land land NN 7960 11929 31 , , , 7960 11929 32 and and CC 7960 11929 33 , , , 7960 11929 34 finally finally RB 7960 11929 35 , , , 7960 11929 36 he -PRON- PRP 7960 11929 37 had have VBD 7960 11929 38 to to TO 7960 11929 39 give give VB 7960 11929 40 up up RP 7960 11929 41 a a DT 7960 11929 42 large large JJ 7960 11929 43 part part NN 7960 11929 44 of of IN 7960 11929 45 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 11929 46 time time NN 7960 11929 47 to to TO 7960 11929 48 work work VB 7960 11929 49 without without IN 7960 11929 50 pay pay NN 7960 11929 51 for for IN 7960 11929 52 the the DT 7960 11929 53 lord lord NNP 7960 11929 54 of of IN 7960 11929 55 the the DT 7960 11929 56 manor manor NN 7960 11929 57 . . . 7960 11930 1 This this DT 7960 11930 2 system system NN 7960 11930 3 of of IN 7960 11930 4 forced force VBN 7960 11930 5 labor labor NN 7960 11930 6 was be VBD 7960 11930 7 at at IN 7960 11930 8 once once RB 7960 11930 9 unprofitable unprofitable JJ 7960 11930 10 to to IN 7960 11930 11 the the DT 7960 11930 12 lord lord NNP 7960 11930 13 and and CC 7960 11930 14 irksome irksome JJ 7960 11930 15 to to IN 7960 11930 16 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 11930 17 serfs serf NNS 7960 11930 18 . . . 7960 11931 1 After after IN 7960 11931 2 the the DT 7960 11931 3 revival revival NN 7960 11931 4 of of IN 7960 11931 5 trade trade NN 7960 11931 6 and and CC 7960 11931 7 industry industry NN 7960 11931 8 in in IN 7960 11931 9 the the DT 7960 11931 10 twelfth twelfth JJ 7960 11931 11 and and CC 7960 11931 12 thirteenth thirteenth JJ 7960 11931 13 centuries century NNS 7960 11931 14 had have VBD 7960 11931 15 brought bring VBN 7960 11931 16 more more JJR 7960 11931 17 money money NN 7960 11931 18 into into IN 7960 11931 19 circulation circulation NN 7960 11931 20 , , , 7960 11931 21 [ [ -LRB- 7960 11931 22 23 23 CD 7960 11931 23 ] ] -RRB- 7960 11931 24 the the DT 7960 11931 25 lord lord NNP 7960 11931 26 discovered discover VBD 7960 11931 27 how how WRB 7960 11931 28 much much RB 7960 11931 29 better well JJR 7960 11931 30 it -PRON- PRP 7960 11931 31 was be VBD 7960 11931 32 to to TO 7960 11931 33 hire hire VB 7960 11931 34 men man NNS 7960 11931 35 to to TO 7960 11931 36 work work VB 7960 11931 37 for for IN 7960 11931 38 him -PRON- PRP 7960 11931 39 , , , 7960 11931 40 as as IN 7960 11931 41 he -PRON- PRP 7960 11931 42 needed need VBD 7960 11931 43 them -PRON- PRP 7960 11931 44 , , , 7960 11931 45 instead instead RB 7960 11931 46 of of IN 7960 11931 47 depending depend VBG 7960 11931 48 on on IN 7960 11931 49 serfs serf NNS 7960 11931 50 who who WP 7960 11931 51 shirked shirk VBD 7960 11931 52 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 11931 53 tasks task NNS 7960 11931 54 as as RB 7960 11931 55 far far RB 7960 11931 56 as as IN 7960 11931 57 possible possible JJ 7960 11931 58 . . . 7960 11932 1 The the DT 7960 11932 2 latter latter JJ 7960 11932 3 , , , 7960 11932 4 in in IN 7960 11932 5 turn turn NN 7960 11932 6 , , , 7960 11932 7 were be VBD 7960 11932 8 glad glad JJ 7960 11932 9 to to TO 7960 11932 10 pay pay VB 7960 11932 11 the the DT 7960 11932 12 lord lord NNP 7960 11932 13 a a DT 7960 11932 14 fixed fix VBN 7960 11932 15 sum sum NN 7960 11932 16 for for IN 7960 11932 17 the the DT 7960 11932 18 use use NN 7960 11932 19 of of IN 7960 11932 20 land land NN 7960 11932 21 , , , 7960 11932 22 since since IN 7960 11932 23 now now RB 7960 11932 24 they -PRON- PRP 7960 11932 25 could could MD 7960 11932 26 devote devote VB 7960 11932 27 themselves -PRON- PRP 7960 11932 28 entirely entirely RB 7960 11932 29 to to IN 7960 11932 30 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 11932 31 cultivation cultivation NN 7960 11932 32 . . . 7960 11933 1 Both both DT 7960 11933 2 parties party NNS 7960 11933 3 gained gain VBN 7960 11933 4 by by IN 7960 11933 5 an an DT 7960 11933 6 arrangement arrangement NN 7960 11933 7 which which WDT 7960 11933 8 converted convert VBD 7960 11933 9 the the DT 7960 11933 10 manorial manorial JJ 7960 11933 11 lord lord NNP 7960 11933 12 into into IN 7960 11933 13 a a DT 7960 11933 14 landlord landlord NN 7960 11933 15 and and CC 7960 11933 16 the the DT 7960 11933 17 serf serf NN 7960 11933 18 into into IN 7960 11933 19 a a DT 7960 11933 20 free free JJ 7960 11933 21 tenant tenant NN 7960 11933 22 - - HYPH 7960 11933 23 farmer farmer NN 7960 11933 24 paying pay VBG 7960 11933 25 rent rent NN 7960 11933 26 . . . 7960 11934 1 THE the DT 7960 11934 2 " " `` 7960 11934 3 BLACK black NN 7960 11934 4 DEATH death NN 7960 11934 5 " " '' 7960 11934 6 The the DT 7960 11934 7 emancipation emancipation NN 7960 11934 8 of of IN 7960 11934 9 the the DT 7960 11934 10 peasantry peasantry NN 7960 11934 11 was be VBD 7960 11934 12 hastened hasten VBN 7960 11934 13 , , , 7960 11934 14 strangely strangely RB 7960 11934 15 enough enough RB 7960 11934 16 , , , 7960 11934 17 as as IN 7960 11934 18 the the DT 7960 11934 19 result result NN 7960 11934 20 of of IN 7960 11934 21 perhaps perhaps RB 7960 11934 22 the the DT 7960 11934 23 most most RBS 7960 11934 24 terrible terrible JJ 7960 11934 25 calamity calamity NN 7960 11934 26 that that WDT 7960 11934 27 has have VBZ 7960 11934 28 ever ever RB 7960 11934 29 afflicted afflict VBN 7960 11934 30 mankind mankind NN 7960 11934 31 . . . 7960 11935 1 About about IN 7960 11935 2 the the DT 7960 11935 3 middle middle NN 7960 11935 4 of of IN 7960 11935 5 the the DT 7960 11935 6 fourteenth fourteenth JJ 7960 11935 7 century century NN 7960 11935 8 a a DT 7960 11935 9 pestilence pestilence NN 7960 11935 10 of of IN 7960 11935 11 Asiatic asiatic JJ 7960 11935 12 origin origin NN 7960 11935 13 , , , 7960 11935 14 now now RB 7960 11935 15 known know VBN 7960 11935 16 to to TO 7960 11935 17 have have VB 7960 11935 18 been be VBN 7960 11935 19 the the DT 7960 11935 20 bubonic bubonic JJ 7960 11935 21 plague plague NN 7960 11935 22 , , , 7960 11935 23 reached reach VBD 7960 11935 24 the the DT 7960 11935 25 West West NNP 7960 11935 26 . . . 7960 11936 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 11936 2 24 24 CD 7960 11936 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 11936 4 The the DT 7960 11936 5 " " `` 7960 11936 6 Black Black NNP 7960 11936 7 Death Death NNP 7960 11936 8 " " '' 7960 11936 9 so so RB 7960 11936 10 called call VBD 7960 11936 11 because because RB 7960 11936 12 among among IN 7960 11936 13 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 11936 14 symptoms symptom NNS 7960 11936 15 were be VBD 7960 11936 16 dark dark JJ 7960 11936 17 patches patch NNS 7960 11936 18 all all DT 7960 11936 19 over over IN 7960 11936 20 the the DT 7960 11936 21 body body NN 7960 11936 22 , , , 7960 11936 23 moved move VBD 7960 11936 24 steadily steadily RB 7960 11936 25 across across IN 7960 11936 26 Europe Europe NNP 7960 11936 27 . . . 7960 11937 1 The the DT 7960 11937 2 way way NN 7960 11937 3 for for IN 7960 11937 4 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 11937 5 ravages ravage NNS 7960 11937 6 had have VBD 7960 11937 7 been be VBN 7960 11937 8 prepared prepare VBN 7960 11937 9 by by IN 7960 11937 10 the the DT 7960 11937 11 unhealthful unhealthful JJ 7960 11937 12 conditions condition NNS 7960 11937 13 of of IN 7960 11937 14 ventilation ventilation NN 7960 11937 15 and and CC 7960 11937 16 drainage drainage NN 7960 11937 17 in in IN 7960 11937 18 towns town NNS 7960 11937 19 and and CC 7960 11937 20 cities city NNS 7960 11937 21 . . . 7960 11938 1 After after IN 7960 11938 2 attacking attack VBG 7960 11938 3 Greece Greece NNP 7960 11938 4 , , , 7960 11938 5 Sicily Sicily NNP 7960 11938 6 , , , 7960 11938 7 Italy Italy NNP 7960 11938 8 , , , 7960 11938 9 Spain Spain NNP 7960 11938 10 , , , 7960 11938 11 France France NNP 7960 11938 12 , , , 7960 11938 13 and and CC 7960 11938 14 Germany Germany NNP 7960 11938 15 , , , 7960 11938 16 the the DT 7960 11938 17 plague plague NN 7960 11938 18 entered enter VBD 7960 11938 19 England England NNP 7960 11938 20 in in IN 7960 11938 21 1349 1349 CD 7960 11938 22 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 11938 23 and and CC 7960 11938 24 within within IN 7960 11938 25 less less JJR 7960 11938 26 than than IN 7960 11938 27 two two CD 7960 11938 28 years year NNS 7960 11938 29 swept sweep VBN 7960 11938 30 away away RP 7960 11938 31 probably probably RB 7960 11938 32 half half PDT 7960 11938 33 the the DT 7960 11938 34 population population NN 7960 11938 35 of of IN 7960 11938 36 that that DT 7960 11938 37 country country NN 7960 11938 38 . . . 7960 11939 1 The the DT 7960 11939 2 mortality mortality NN 7960 11939 3 elsewhere elsewhere RB 7960 11939 4 was be VBD 7960 11939 5 enormous enormous JJ 7960 11939 6 , , , 7960 11939 7 one one CD 7960 11939 8 estimate estimate NN 7960 11939 9 setting set VBG 7960 11939 10 it -PRON- PRP 7960 11939 11 as as RB 7960 11939 12 high high JJ 7960 11939 13 as as IN 7960 11939 14 twenty twenty CD 7960 11939 15 - - HYPH 7960 11939 16 five five CD 7960 11939 17 millions million NNS 7960 11939 18 for for IN 7960 11939 19 all all PDT 7960 11939 20 Europe Europe NNP 7960 11939 21 . . . 7960 11940 1 EFFECTS effect NNS 7960 11940 2 OF of IN 7960 11940 3 THE the DT 7960 11940 4 " " `` 7960 11940 5 BLACK black NN 7960 11940 6 DEATH death NN 7960 11940 7 " " '' 7960 11940 8 The the DT 7960 11940 9 pestilence pestilence NN 7960 11940 10 in in IN 7960 11940 11 England England NNP 7960 11940 12 , , , 7960 11940 13 as as IN 7960 11940 14 in in IN 7960 11940 15 other other JJ 7960 11940 16 countries country NNS 7960 11940 17 , , , 7960 11940 18 caused cause VBD 7960 11940 19 a a DT 7960 11940 20 great great JJ 7960 11940 21 scarcity scarcity NN 7960 11940 22 of of IN 7960 11940 23 labor labor NN 7960 11940 24 . . . 7960 11941 1 For for IN 7960 11941 2 want want NN 7960 11941 3 of of IN 7960 11941 4 hands hand NNS 7960 11941 5 to to TO 7960 11941 6 bring bring VB 7960 11941 7 in in RB 7960 11941 8 the the DT 7960 11941 9 harvest harvest NN 7960 11941 10 , , , 7960 11941 11 crops crop NNS 7960 11941 12 rotted rot VBD 7960 11941 13 on on IN 7960 11941 14 the the DT 7960 11941 15 ground ground NN 7960 11941 16 , , , 7960 11941 17 while while IN 7960 11941 18 sheep sheep NNS 7960 11941 19 and and CC 7960 11941 20 cattle cattle NNS 7960 11941 21 , , , 7960 11941 22 with with IN 7960 11941 23 no no DT 7960 11941 24 one one NN 7960 11941 25 to to TO 7960 11941 26 care care VB 7960 11941 27 for for IN 7960 11941 28 them -PRON- PRP 7960 11941 29 , , , 7960 11941 30 strayed stray VBN 7960 11941 31 through through IN 7960 11941 32 the the DT 7960 11941 33 deserted desert VBN 7960 11941 34 fields field NNS 7960 11941 35 . . . 7960 11942 1 The the DT 7960 11942 2 free free JJ 7960 11942 3 peasants peasant NNS 7960 11942 4 who who WP 7960 11942 5 survived survive VBD 7960 11942 6 demanded demand VBD 7960 11942 7 and and CC 7960 11942 8 received receive VBD 7960 11942 9 higher high JJR 7960 11942 10 wages wage NNS 7960 11942 11 . . . 7960 11943 1 Even even RB 7960 11943 2 the the DT 7960 11943 3 serfs serf NNS 7960 11943 4 , , , 7960 11943 5 whose whose WP$ 7960 11943 6 labor labor NN 7960 11943 7 was be VBD 7960 11943 8 now now RB 7960 11943 9 more more RBR 7960 11943 10 valued value VBN 7960 11943 11 , , , 7960 11943 12 found find VBD 7960 11943 13 themselves -PRON- PRP 7960 11943 14 in in IN 7960 11943 15 a a DT 7960 11943 16 better well JJR 7960 11943 17 position position NN 7960 11943 18 . . . 7960 11944 1 The the DT 7960 11944 2 lord lord NNP 7960 11944 3 of of IN 7960 11944 4 a a DT 7960 11944 5 manor manor NN 7960 11944 6 , , , 7960 11944 7 in in IN 7960 11944 8 order order NN 7960 11944 9 to to TO 7960 11944 10 keep keep VB 7960 11944 11 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 11944 12 laborers laborer NNS 7960 11944 13 , , , 7960 11944 14 would would MD 7960 11944 15 often often RB 7960 11944 16 allow allow VB 7960 11944 17 them -PRON- PRP 7960 11944 18 to to TO 7960 11944 19 substitute substitute VB 7960 11944 20 money money NN 7960 11944 21 payments payment NNS 7960 11944 22 for for IN 7960 11944 23 personal personal JJ 7960 11944 24 services service NNS 7960 11944 25 . . . 7960 11945 1 When when WRB 7960 11945 2 the the DT 7960 11945 3 serfs serf NNS 7960 11945 4 got get VBD 7960 11945 5 no no DT 7960 11945 6 concessions concession NNS 7960 11945 7 , , , 7960 11945 8 they -PRON- PRP 7960 11945 9 frequently frequently RB 7960 11945 10 took take VBD 7960 11945 11 to to IN 7960 11945 12 flight flight NN 7960 11945 13 and and CC 7960 11945 14 hired hire VBD 7960 11945 15 themselves -PRON- PRP 7960 11945 16 to to IN 7960 11945 17 the the DT 7960 11945 18 highest high JJS 7960 11945 19 bidder bidder NN 7960 11945 20 . . . 7960 11946 1 FIRST FIRST NNP 7960 11946 2 STATUTE STATUTE NNP 7960 11946 3 OF of IN 7960 11946 4 LABORERS laborer NNS 7960 11946 5 , , , 7960 11946 6 1351 1351 CD 7960 11946 7 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 11947 1 The the DT 7960 11947 2 governing govern VBG 7960 11947 3 classes class NNS 7960 11947 4 of of IN 7960 11947 5 England England NNP 7960 11947 6 , , , 7960 11947 7 who who WP 7960 11947 8 at at IN 7960 11947 9 this this DT 7960 11947 10 time time NN 7960 11947 11 were be VBD 7960 11947 12 mainly mainly RB 7960 11947 13 landowners landowner NNS 7960 11947 14 , , , 7960 11947 15 believed believe VBD 7960 11947 16 that that IN 7960 11947 17 the the DT 7960 11947 18 workers worker NNS 7960 11947 19 were be VBD 7960 11947 20 taking take VBG 7960 11947 21 an an DT 7960 11947 22 unfair unfair JJ 7960 11947 23 advantage advantage NN 7960 11947 24 of of IN 7960 11947 25 the the DT 7960 11947 26 situation situation NN 7960 11947 27 . . . 7960 11948 1 So so RB 7960 11948 2 in in IN 7960 11948 3 1351 1351 CD 7960 11948 4 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 11948 5 Parliament Parliament NNP 7960 11948 6 passed pass VBD 7960 11948 7 a a DT 7960 11948 8 law law NN 7960 11948 9 fixing fix VBG 7960 11948 10 the the DT 7960 11948 11 maximum maximum JJ 7960 11948 12 wage wage NN 7960 11948 13 in in IN 7960 11948 14 different different JJ 7960 11948 15 occupations occupation NNS 7960 11948 16 and and CC 7960 11948 17 punishing punish VBG 7960 11948 18 with with IN 7960 11948 19 imprisonment imprisonment NN 7960 11948 20 those those DT 7960 11948 21 who who WP 7960 11948 22 refused refuse VBD 7960 11948 23 to to TO 7960 11948 24 accept accept VB 7960 11948 25 work work NN 7960 11948 26 when when WRB 7960 11948 27 it -PRON- PRP 7960 11948 28 was be VBD 7960 11948 29 offered offer VBN 7960 11948 30 to to IN 7960 11948 31 them -PRON- PRP 7960 11948 32 . . . 7960 11949 1 The the DT 7960 11949 2 fact fact NN 7960 11949 3 that that IN 7960 11949 4 Parliament Parliament NNP 7960 11949 5 had have VBD 7960 11949 6 to to TO 7960 11949 7 reenact reenact VB 7960 11949 8 this this DT 7960 11949 9 law law NN 7960 11949 10 thirteen thirteen CD 7960 11949 11 times time NNS 7960 11949 12 within within IN 7960 11949 13 the the DT 7960 11949 14 next next JJ 7960 11949 15 century century NN 7960 11949 16 shows show VBZ 7960 11949 17 that that IN 7960 11949 18 it -PRON- PRP 7960 11949 19 did do VBD 7960 11949 20 not not RB 7960 11949 21 succeed succeed VB 7960 11949 22 in in IN 7960 11949 23 preventing prevent VBG 7960 11949 24 a a DT 7960 11949 25 general general JJ 7960 11949 26 rise rise NN 7960 11949 27 of of IN 7960 11949 28 wages wage NNS 7960 11949 29 . . . 7960 11950 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 11950 2 only only RB 7960 11950 3 exasperated exasperate VBD 7960 11950 4 the the DT 7960 11950 5 working work VBG 7960 11950 6 classes class NNS 7960 11950 7 . . . 7960 11951 1 THE the DT 7960 11951 2 PEASANTS PEASANTS NNP 7960 11951 3 ' ' POS 7960 11951 4 REBELLION rebellion NN 7960 11951 5 , , , 7960 11951 6 1381 1381 CD 7960 11951 7 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 11951 8 A a DT 7960 11951 9 few few JJ 7960 11951 10 years year NNS 7960 11951 11 after after IN 7960 11951 12 the the DT 7960 11951 13 first first JJ 7960 11951 14 Statute Statute NNP 7960 11951 15 of of IN 7960 11951 16 Laborers Laborers NNPS 7960 11951 17 the the DT 7960 11951 18 restlessness restlessness NN 7960 11951 19 and and CC 7960 11951 20 discontent discontent NN 7960 11951 21 among among IN 7960 11951 22 the the DT 7960 11951 23 masses masse NNS 7960 11951 24 led lead VBD 7960 11951 25 to to IN 7960 11951 26 a a DT 7960 11951 27 serious serious JJ 7960 11951 28 outbreak outbreak NN 7960 11951 29 . . . 7960 11952 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 11952 2 was be VBD 7960 11952 3 one one CD 7960 11952 4 of of IN 7960 11952 5 the the DT 7960 11952 6 few few JJ 7960 11952 7 attempts attempt NNS 7960 11952 8 at at IN 7960 11952 9 violent violent JJ 7960 11952 10 revolution revolution NN 7960 11952 11 which which WDT 7960 11952 12 the the DT 7960 11952 13 English English NNP 7960 11952 14 working work VBG 7960 11952 15 people people NNS 7960 11952 16 have have VBP 7960 11952 17 made make VBN 7960 11952 18 . . . 7960 11953 1 One one CD 7960 11953 2 of of IN 7960 11953 3 the the DT 7960 11953 4 inspirers inspirer NNS 7960 11953 5 of of IN 7960 11953 6 the the DT 7960 11953 7 rebellion rebellion NN 7960 11953 8 was be VBD 7960 11953 9 a a DT 7960 11953 10 wandering wander VBG 7960 11953 11 priest priest NN 7960 11953 12 named name VBN 7960 11953 13 John John NNP 7960 11953 14 Ball Ball NNP 7960 11953 15 . . . 7960 11954 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 11954 2 went go VBD 7960 11954 3 about about IN 7960 11954 4 preaching preach VBG 7960 11954 5 that that IN 7960 11954 6 all all DT 7960 11954 7 goods good NNS 7960 11954 8 should should MD 7960 11954 9 be be VB 7960 11954 10 held hold VBN 7960 11954 11 in in IN 7960 11954 12 common common JJ 7960 11954 13 and and CC 7960 11954 14 the the DT 7960 11954 15 distinction distinction NN 7960 11954 16 between between IN 7960 11954 17 lords lord NNS 7960 11954 18 and and CC 7960 11954 19 serfs serf NNS 7960 11954 20 wiped wipe VBD 7960 11954 21 away away RB 7960 11954 22 . . . 7960 11955 1 " " `` 7960 11955 2 When when WRB 7960 11955 3 Adam Adam NNP 7960 11955 4 delved delve VBD 7960 11955 5 and and CC 7960 11955 6 Eve Eve NNP 7960 11955 7 span span NN 7960 11955 8 , , , 7960 11955 9 who who WP 7960 11955 10 was be VBD 7960 11955 11 then then RB 7960 11955 12 the the DT 7960 11955 13 gentleman gentleman NN 7960 11955 14 ? ? . 7960 11955 15 " " '' 7960 11956 1 asked ask VBD 7960 11956 2 John John NNP 7960 11956 3 Ball Ball NNP 7960 11956 4 . . . 7960 11957 1 Uprisings uprising NNS 7960 11957 2 occurred occur VBD 7960 11957 3 in in IN 7960 11957 4 nearly nearly RB 7960 11957 5 every every DT 7960 11957 6 part part NN 7960 11957 7 of of IN 7960 11957 8 England England NNP 7960 11957 9 , , , 7960 11957 10 but but CC 7960 11957 11 the the DT 7960 11957 12 one one NN 7960 11957 13 in in IN 7960 11957 14 Kent Kent NNP 7960 11957 15 had have VBD 7960 11957 16 most most JJS 7960 11957 17 importance importance NN 7960 11957 18 . . . 7960 11958 1 The the DT 7960 11958 2 rioters rioter NNS 7960 11958 3 marched march VBD 7960 11958 4 on on IN 7960 11958 5 London London NNP 7960 11958 6 and and CC 7960 11958 7 presented present VBD 7960 11958 8 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 11958 9 demands demand NNS 7960 11958 10 to to IN 7960 11958 11 the the DT 7960 11958 12 youthful youthful JJ 7960 11958 13 king king NN 7960 11958 14 , , , 7960 11958 15 Richard Richard NNP 7960 11958 16 II II NNP 7960 11958 17 . . . 7960 11959 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 11959 2 promised promise VBD 7960 11959 3 to to TO 7960 11959 4 abolish abolish VB 7960 11959 5 serfdom serfdom NN 7960 11959 6 and and CC 7960 11959 7 to to TO 7960 11959 8 give give VB 7960 11959 9 them -PRON- PRP 7960 11959 10 a a DT 7960 11959 11 free free JJ 7960 11959 12 pardon pardon NN 7960 11959 13 . . . 7960 11960 1 As as RB 7960 11960 2 soon soon RB 7960 11960 3 , , , 7960 11960 4 however however RB 7960 11960 5 , , , 7960 11960 6 as as IN 7960 11960 7 Richard Richard NNP 7960 11960 8 had have VBD 7960 11960 9 gathered gather VBN 7960 11960 10 an an DT 7960 11960 11 army army NN 7960 11960 12 , , , 7960 11960 13 he -PRON- PRP 7960 11960 14 put put VBD 7960 11960 15 down down RP 7960 11960 16 the the DT 7960 11960 17 revolt revolt NN 7960 11960 18 by by IN 7960 11960 19 force force NN 7960 11960 20 and and CC 7960 11960 21 hanged hang VBD 7960 11960 22 John John NNP 7960 11960 23 Ball Ball NNP 7960 11960 24 and and CC 7960 11960 25 about about RB 7960 11960 26 a a DT 7960 11960 27 hundred hundred CD 7960 11960 28 of of IN 7960 11960 29 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 11960 30 followers follower NNS 7960 11960 31 . . . 7960 11961 1 THE the DT 7960 11961 2 JACQUERIE JACQUERIE NNP 7960 11961 3 , , , 7960 11961 4 1358 1358 CD 7960 11961 5 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 11962 1 The the DT 7960 11962 2 rebellion rebellion NN 7960 11962 3 in in IN 7960 11962 4 England England NNP 7960 11962 5 may may MD 7960 11962 6 be be VB 7960 11962 7 compared compare VBN 7960 11962 8 with with IN 7960 11962 9 the the DT 7960 11962 10 far far RB 7960 11962 11 more more RBR 7960 11962 12 terrible terrible JJ 7960 11962 13 Jacquerie Jacquerie NNP 7960 11962 14 [ [ -LRB- 7960 11962 15 25 25 CD 7960 11962 16 ] ] -RRB- 7960 11962 17 in in IN 7960 11962 18 France France NNP 7960 11962 19 , , , 7960 11962 20 a a DT 7960 11962 21 few few JJ 7960 11962 22 years year NNS 7960 11962 23 earlier early RBR 7960 11962 24 . . . 7960 11963 1 The the DT 7960 11963 2 French french JJ 7960 11963 3 peasants peasant NNS 7960 11963 4 , , , 7960 11963 5 who who WP 7960 11963 6 suffered suffer VBD 7960 11963 7 from from IN 7960 11963 8 feudal feudal JJ 7960 11963 9 oppression oppression NN 7960 11963 10 and and CC 7960 11963 11 the the DT 7960 11963 12 effects effect NNS 7960 11963 13 of of IN 7960 11963 14 the the DT 7960 11963 15 Hundred Hundred NNP 7960 11963 16 Years Years NNPS 7960 11963 17 ' ' POS 7960 11963 18 War War NNP 7960 11963 19 , , , 7960 11963 20 raged rage VBD 7960 11963 21 through through IN 7960 11963 22 the the DT 7960 11963 23 land land NN 7960 11963 24 , , , 7960 11963 25 burning burn VBG 7960 11963 26 the the DT 7960 11963 27 castles castle NNS 7960 11963 28 and and CC 7960 11963 29 murdering murder VBG 7960 11963 30 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 11963 31 feudal feudal JJ 7960 11963 32 lords lord NNS 7960 11963 33 . . . 7960 11964 1 The the DT 7960 11964 2 movement movement NN 7960 11964 3 had have VBD 7960 11964 4 scarcely scarcely RB 7960 11964 5 any any DT 7960 11964 6 reasonable reasonable JJ 7960 11964 7 purpose purpose NN 7960 11964 8 ; ; : 7960 11964 9 it -PRON- PRP 7960 11964 10 was be VBD 7960 11964 11 an an DT 7960 11964 12 outburst outburst NN 7960 11964 13 of of IN 7960 11964 14 blind blind JJ 7960 11964 15 passion passion NN 7960 11964 16 . . . 7960 11965 1 The the DT 7960 11965 2 nobles noble NNS 7960 11965 3 avenged avenge VBD 7960 11965 4 themselves -PRON- PRP 7960 11965 5 by by IN 7960 11965 6 slaughtering slaughter VBG 7960 11965 7 the the DT 7960 11965 8 peasants peasant NNS 7960 11965 9 in in IN 7960 11965 10 great great JJ 7960 11965 11 numbers number NNS 7960 11965 12 . . . 7960 11966 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 11966 2 Illustration illustration NN 7960 11966 3 : : : 7960 11966 4 RICHARD RICHARD NNP 7960 11966 5 II ii CD 7960 11966 6 After after IN 7960 11966 7 an an DT 7960 11966 8 engraving engraving NN 7960 11966 9 based base VBN 7960 11966 10 on on IN 7960 11966 11 the the DT 7960 11966 12 original original NN 7960 11966 13 in in IN 7960 11966 14 Westminster Westminster NNP 7960 11966 15 Abbey Abbey NNP 7960 11966 16 . . . 7960 11967 1 Probably probably RB 7960 11967 2 the the DT 7960 11967 3 oldest old JJS 7960 11967 4 authentic authentic JJ 7960 11967 5 portrait portrait NN 7960 11967 6 in in IN 7960 11967 7 England England NNP 7960 11967 8 . . . 7960 11967 9 ] ] -RRB- 7960 11968 1 EXTINCTION extinction NN 7960 11968 2 OF of IN 7960 11968 3 SERFDOM SERFDOM NNP 7960 11968 4 Though though IN 7960 11968 5 these these DT 7960 11968 6 first first JJ 7960 11968 7 great great JJ 7960 11968 8 struggles struggle NNS 7960 11968 9 of of IN 7960 11968 10 labor labor NN 7960 11968 11 against against IN 7960 11968 12 capital capital NN 7960 11968 13 were be VBD 7960 11968 14 failures failure NNS 7960 11968 15 , , , 7960 11968 16 the the DT 7960 11968 17 emancipation emancipation NN 7960 11968 18 of of IN 7960 11968 19 the the DT 7960 11968 20 peasantry peasantry NN 7960 11968 21 went go VBD 7960 11968 22 steadily steadily RB 7960 11968 23 on on RB 7960 11968 24 throughout throughout IN 7960 11968 25 the the DT 7960 11968 26 fourteenth fourteenth JJ 7960 11968 27 and and CC 7960 11968 28 fifteenth fifteenth JJ 7960 11968 29 centuries century NNS 7960 11968 30 . . . 7960 11969 1 By by IN 7960 11969 2 1500 1500 CD 7960 11969 3 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 11969 4 serfdom serfdom NN 7960 11969 5 had have VBD 7960 11969 6 virtually virtually RB 7960 11969 7 disappeared disappear VBN 7960 11969 8 in in IN 7960 11969 9 Italy Italy NNP 7960 11969 10 , , , 7960 11969 11 in in IN 7960 11969 12 most most JJS 7960 11969 13 parts part NNS 7960 11969 14 of of IN 7960 11969 15 France France NNP 7960 11969 16 , , , 7960 11969 17 and and CC 7960 11969 18 in in IN 7960 11969 19 England England NNP 7960 11969 20 . . . 7960 11970 1 Some some DT 7960 11970 2 less- less- VBP 7960 11970 3 favored favor VBN 7960 11970 4 countries country NNS 7960 11970 5 retained retain VBD 7960 11970 6 serfdom serfdom NN 7960 11970 7 much much RB 7960 11970 8 longer long RBR 7960 11970 9 . . . 7960 11971 1 Prussian prussian JJ 7960 11971 2 , , , 7960 11971 3 Austrian Austrian NNP 7960 11971 4 , , , 7960 11971 5 and and CC 7960 11971 6 Russian russian JJ 7960 11971 7 serfs serf NNS 7960 11971 8 did do VBD 7960 11971 9 not not RB 7960 11971 10 receive receive VB 7960 11971 11 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 11971 12 freedom freedom NN 7960 11971 13 until until IN 7960 11971 14 the the DT 7960 11971 15 nineteenth nineteenth JJ 7960 11971 16 century century NN 7960 11971 17 . . . 7960 11972 1 CONDITION condition NN 7960 11972 2 OF of IN 7960 11972 3 THE the DT 7960 11972 4 PEASANTRY PEASANTRY NNP 7960 11972 5 The the DT 7960 11972 6 extinction extinction NN 7960 11972 7 of of IN 7960 11972 8 serfdom serfdom NN 7960 11972 9 was be VBD 7960 11972 10 , , , 7960 11972 11 of of IN 7960 11972 12 course course NN 7960 11972 13 , , , 7960 11972 14 a a DT 7960 11972 15 forward forward JJ 7960 11972 16 step step NN 7960 11972 17 in in IN 7960 11972 18 human human JJ 7960 11972 19 freedom freedom NN 7960 11972 20 , , , 7960 11972 21 but but CC 7960 11972 22 the the DT 7960 11972 23 lot lot NN 7960 11972 24 of of IN 7960 11972 25 the the DT 7960 11972 26 English English NNP 7960 11972 27 and and CC 7960 11972 28 Continental Continental NNP 7960 11972 29 peasantry peasantry NN 7960 11972 30 long long RB 7960 11972 31 remained remain VBD 7960 11972 32 wretched wretched JJ 7960 11972 33 . . . 7960 11973 1 The the DT 7960 11973 2 poem poem NN 7960 11973 3 of of IN 7960 11973 4 _ _ NNP 7960 11973 5 Piers Piers NNPS 7960 11973 6 Plowman Plowman NNP 7960 11973 7 _ _ NNP 7960 11973 8 , , , 7960 11973 9 written write VBN 7960 11973 10 in in IN 7960 11973 11 the the DT 7960 11973 12 time time NN 7960 11973 13 of of IN 7960 11973 14 Chaucer Chaucer NNP 7960 11973 15 , , , 7960 11973 16 shows show VBZ 7960 11973 17 the the DT 7960 11973 18 misery misery NN 7960 11973 19 of of IN 7960 11973 20 the the DT 7960 11973 21 age age NN 7960 11973 22 and and CC 7960 11973 23 reveals reveal VBZ 7960 11973 24 a a DT 7960 11973 25 very very RB 7960 11973 26 different different JJ 7960 11973 27 picture picture NN 7960 11973 28 than than IN 7960 11973 29 that that DT 7960 11973 30 of of IN 7960 11973 31 the the DT 7960 11973 32 gay gay NNP 7960 11973 33 , , , 7960 11973 34 holiday holiday NN 7960 11973 35 - - HYPH 7960 11973 36 making making NN 7960 11973 37 , , , 7960 11973 38 merry merry NNP 7960 11973 39 England England NNP 7960 11973 40 seen see VBN 7960 11973 41 in in IN 7960 11973 42 the the DT 7960 11973 43 _ _ NNP 7960 11973 44 Canterbury Canterbury NNP 7960 11973 45 Tales Tales NNP 7960 11973 46 _ _ NNP 7960 11973 47 . . . 7960 11974 1 One one CD 7960 11974 2 hundred hundred CD 7960 11974 3 and and CC 7960 11974 4 fifty fifty CD 7960 11974 5 years year NNS 7960 11974 6 later later RB 7960 11974 7 , , , 7960 11974 8 the the DT 7960 11974 9 English English NNP 7960 11974 10 humanist humanist NN 7960 11974 11 , , , 7960 11974 12 Sir Sir NNP 7960 11974 13 Thomas Thomas NNP 7960 11974 14 More More NNP 7960 11974 15 , , , 7960 11974 16 a a DT 7960 11974 17 friend friend NN 7960 11974 18 of of IN 7960 11974 19 Erasmus Erasmus NNP 7960 11974 20 , , , 7960 11974 21 published publish VBD 7960 11974 22 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 11974 23 _ _ NNP 7960 11974 24 Utopia Utopia NNP 7960 11974 25 _ _ NNP 7960 11974 26 as as IN 7960 11974 27 a a DT 7960 11974 28 protest protest NN 7960 11974 29 against against IN 7960 11974 30 social social JJ 7960 11974 31 abuses abuse NNS 7960 11974 32 . . . 7960 11975 1 _ _ NNP 7960 11975 2 Utopia Utopia NNP 7960 11975 3 _ _ NNP 7960 11975 4 , , , 7960 11975 5 or or CC 7960 11975 6 " " `` 7960 11975 7 Nowhere nowhere RB 7960 11975 8 , , , 7960 11975 9 " " '' 7960 11975 10 is be VBZ 7960 11975 11 an an DT 7960 11975 12 imaginary imaginary JJ 7960 11975 13 country country NN 7960 11975 14 whose whose WP$ 7960 11975 15 inhabitants inhabitant NNS 7960 11975 16 choose choose VBP 7960 11975 17 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 11975 18 own own JJ 7960 11975 19 rulers ruler NNS 7960 11975 20 , , , 7960 11975 21 hold hold VB 7960 11975 22 all all DT 7960 11975 23 property property NN 7960 11975 24 in in IN 7960 11975 25 common common JJ 7960 11975 26 , , , 7960 11975 27 and and CC 7960 11975 28 work work VB 7960 11975 29 only only RB 7960 11975 30 nine nine CD 7960 11975 31 hours hour NNS 7960 11975 32 a a DT 7960 11975 33 day day NN 7960 11975 34 . . . 7960 11976 1 In in IN 7960 11976 2 Utopia Utopia NNP 7960 11976 3 a a DT 7960 11976 4 public public JJ 7960 11976 5 system system NN 7960 11976 6 of of IN 7960 11976 7 education education NN 7960 11976 8 prevails prevail VBZ 7960 11976 9 , , , 7960 11976 10 cruel cruel JJ 7960 11976 11 punishments punishment NNS 7960 11976 12 are be VBP 7960 11976 13 unknown unknown JJ 7960 11976 14 , , , 7960 11976 15 and and CC 7960 11976 16 every every DT 7960 11976 17 one one NN 7960 11976 18 enjoys enjoy VBZ 7960 11976 19 complete complete JJ 7960 11976 20 freedom freedom NN 7960 11976 21 to to TO 7960 11976 22 worship worship VB 7960 11976 23 God God NNP 7960 11976 24 . . . 7960 11977 1 This this DT 7960 11977 2 remarkable remarkable JJ 7960 11977 3 book book NN 7960 11977 4 , , , 7960 11977 5 though though IN 7960 11977 6 it -PRON- PRP 7960 11977 7 pictures picture VBZ 7960 11977 8 an an DT 7960 11977 9 ideal ideal JJ 7960 11977 10 commonwealth commonwealth NN 7960 11977 11 , , , 7960 11977 12 really really RB 7960 11977 13 anticipates anticipate VBZ 7960 11977 14 many many JJ 7960 11977 15 social social JJ 7960 11977 16 reforms reform NNS 7960 11977 17 of of IN 7960 11977 18 the the DT 7960 11977 19 present present JJ 7960 11977 20 time time NN 7960 11977 21 . . . 7960 11978 1 STUDIES STUDIES NNP 7960 11978 2 1 1 CD 7960 11978 3 . . . 7960 11979 1 Prepare prepare VB 7960 11979 2 a a DT 7960 11979 3 chronological chronological JJ 7960 11979 4 chart chart NN 7960 11979 5 showing show VBG 7960 11979 6 the the DT 7960 11979 7 leading lead VBG 7960 11979 8 men man NNS 7960 11979 9 of of IN 7960 11979 10 letters letter NNS 7960 11979 11 , , , 7960 11979 12 artists artist NNS 7960 11979 13 , , , 7960 11979 14 scientists scientist NNS 7960 11979 15 , , , 7960 11979 16 and and CC 7960 11979 17 educators educator NNS 7960 11979 18 mentioned mention VBD 7960 11979 19 in in IN 7960 11979 20 this this DT 7960 11979 21 chapter chapter NN 7960 11979 22 . . . 7960 11980 1 2 2 LS 7960 11980 2 . . . 7960 11981 1 For for IN 7960 11981 2 what what WP 7960 11981 3 were be VBD 7960 11981 4 the the DT 7960 11981 5 following follow VBG 7960 11981 6 persons person NNS 7960 11981 7 noted note VBN 7960 11981 8 : : : 7960 11981 9 Chrysoloras chrysolora NNS 7960 11981 10 ; ; : 7960 11981 11 Vittorino Vittorino NNP 7960 11981 12 da da NNP 7960 11981 13 Feltre Feltre NNP 7960 11981 14 ; ; : 7960 11981 15 Gutenberg Gutenberg NNP 7960 11981 16 ; ; : 7960 11981 17 Boccaccio Boccaccio NNP 7960 11981 18 ; ; : 7960 11981 19 Machiavelli Machiavelli NNP 7960 11981 20 ; ; : 7960 11981 21 Harvey harvey NN 7960 11981 22 ; ; : 7960 11981 23 and and CC 7960 11981 24 Galileo Galileo NNP 7960 11981 25 ? ? . 7960 11982 1 3 3 LS 7960 11982 2 . . . 7960 11983 1 How how WRB 7960 11983 2 did do VBD 7960 11983 3 the the DT 7960 11983 4 words word NNS 7960 11983 5 " " `` 7960 11983 6 machiavellism machiavellism NN 7960 11983 7 " " '' 7960 11983 8 and and CC 7960 11983 9 " " `` 7960 11983 10 utopian utopian JJ 7960 11983 11 " " '' 7960 11983 12 get get VBP 7960 11983 13 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 11983 14 present present JJ 7960 11983 15 meanings meaning NNS 7960 11983 16 ? ? . 7960 11984 1 4 4 LS 7960 11984 2 . . . 7960 11985 1 Distinguish distinguish VB 7960 11985 2 and and CC 7960 11985 3 define define VB 7960 11985 4 the the DT 7960 11985 5 three three CD 7960 11985 6 terms term NNS 7960 11985 7 , , , 7960 11985 8 " " `` 7960 11985 9 Renaissance Renaissance NNP 7960 11985 10 , , , 7960 11985 11 " " '' 7960 11985 12 " " `` 7960 11985 13 Revival Revival NNP 7960 11985 14 of of IN 7960 11985 15 Learning Learning NNP 7960 11985 16 , , , 7960 11985 17 " " '' 7960 11985 18 and and CC 7960 11985 19 " " `` 7960 11985 20 Humanism Humanism NNP 7960 11985 21 . . . 7960 11985 22 " " '' 7960 11986 1 5 5 CD 7960 11986 2 . . . 7960 11987 1 " " `` 7960 11987 2 Next next RB 7960 11987 3 to to IN 7960 11987 4 the the DT 7960 11987 5 discovery discovery NN 7960 11987 6 of of IN 7960 11987 7 the the DT 7960 11987 8 New New NNP 7960 11987 9 World World NNP 7960 11987 10 , , , 7960 11987 11 the the DT 7960 11987 12 recovery recovery NN 7960 11987 13 of of IN 7960 11987 14 the the DT 7960 11987 15 ancient ancient JJ 7960 11987 16 world world NN 7960 11987 17 is be VBZ 7960 11987 18 the the DT 7960 11987 19 second second JJ 7960 11987 20 landmark landmark NN 7960 11987 21 that that WDT 7960 11987 22 divides divide VBZ 7960 11987 23 us -PRON- PRP 7960 11987 24 from from IN 7960 11987 25 the the DT 7960 11987 26 Middle Middle NNP 7960 11987 27 Ages Ages NNPS 7960 11987 28 and and CC 7960 11987 29 marks mark VBZ 7960 11987 30 the the DT 7960 11987 31 transition transition NN 7960 11987 32 to to IN 7960 11987 33 modern modern JJ 7960 11987 34 life life NN 7960 11987 35 . . . 7960 11987 36 " " '' 7960 11988 1 Comment comment NN 7960 11988 2 on on IN 7960 11988 3 this this DT 7960 11988 4 statement statement NN 7960 11988 5 . . . 7960 11989 1 6 6 CD 7960 11989 2 . . . 7960 11990 1 Why why WRB 7960 11990 2 did do VBD 7960 11990 3 the the DT 7960 11990 4 Renaissance Renaissance NNP 7960 11990 5 begin begin VB 7960 11990 6 as as IN 7960 11990 7 " " `` 7960 11990 8 an an DT 7960 11990 9 Italian italian JJ 7960 11990 10 event event NN 7960 11990 11 " " '' 7960 11990 12 ? ? . 7960 11991 1 7 7 LS 7960 11991 2 . . . 7960 11992 1 " " `` 7960 11992 2 City City NNP 7960 11992 3 - - HYPH 7960 11992 4 states state NNS 7960 11992 5 have have VBP 7960 11992 6 always always RB 7960 11992 7 proved prove VBN 7960 11992 8 favorable favorable JJ 7960 11992 9 to to IN 7960 11992 10 culture culture NN 7960 11992 11 . . . 7960 11992 12 " " '' 7960 11993 1 Illustrate illustrate VB 7960 11993 2 this this DT 7960 11993 3 remark remark NN 7960 11993 4 . . . 7960 11994 1 8 8 LS 7960 11994 2 . . . 7960 11995 1 Why why WRB 7960 11995 2 was be VBD 7960 11995 3 the the DT 7960 11995 4 revival revival NN 7960 11995 5 of of IN 7960 11995 6 Greek Greek NNP 7960 11995 7 more more RBR 7960 11995 8 important important JJ 7960 11995 9 in in IN 7960 11995 10 the the DT 7960 11995 11 history history NN 7960 11995 12 of of IN 7960 11995 13 civilization civilization NN 7960 11995 14 than than IN 7960 11995 15 the the DT 7960 11995 16 revival revival NN 7960 11995 17 of of IN 7960 11995 18 Latin Latin NNP 7960 11995 19 ? ? . 7960 11996 1 9 9 CD 7960 11996 2 . . . 7960 11997 1 Show show VB 7960 11997 2 that that IN 7960 11997 3 printing printing NN 7960 11997 4 was be VBD 7960 11997 5 an an DT 7960 11997 6 " " `` 7960 11997 7 emancipating emancipating JJ 7960 11997 8 force force NN 7960 11997 9 . . . 7960 11997 10 " " '' 7960 11998 1 10 10 CD 7960 11998 2 . . . 7960 11999 1 With with IN 7960 11999 2 what what WP 7960 11999 3 paintings painting NNS 7960 11999 4 by by IN 7960 11999 5 the the DT 7960 11999 6 " " `` 7960 11999 7 old old JJ 7960 11999 8 masters master NNS 7960 11999 9 " " '' 7960 11999 10 are be VBP 7960 11999 11 you -PRON- PRP 7960 11999 12 familiar familiar JJ 7960 11999 13 ? ? . 7960 12000 1 11 11 CD 7960 12000 2 . . . 7960 12001 1 How how WRB 7960 12001 2 does do VBZ 7960 12001 3 the the DT 7960 12001 4 opera opera NN 7960 12001 5 differ differ VB 7960 12001 6 from from IN 7960 12001 7 the the DT 7960 12001 8 oratorio oratorio NN 7960 12001 9 ? ? . 7960 12002 1 12 12 CD 7960 12002 2 . . . 7960 12003 1 Why why WRB 7960 12003 2 has have VBZ 7960 12003 3 Froissart Froissart NNP 7960 12003 4 been be VBN 7960 12003 5 styled style VBN 7960 12003 6 the the DT 7960 12003 7 " " `` 7960 12003 8 French french JJ 7960 12003 9 Herodotus herodotus NN 7960 12003 10 " " '' 7960 12003 11 ? ? . 7960 12004 1 13 13 CD 7960 12004 2 . . . 7960 12005 1 How how WRB 7960 12005 2 many many JJ 7960 12005 3 of of IN 7960 12005 4 Shakespeare Shakespeare NNP 7960 12005 5 's 's POS 7960 12005 6 plays play NNS 7960 12005 7 can can MD 7960 12005 8 you -PRON- PRP 7960 12005 9 name name VB 7960 12005 10 ? ? . 7960 12006 1 How how WRB 7960 12006 2 many many JJ 7960 12006 3 have have VBP 7960 12006 4 you -PRON- PRP 7960 12006 5 read read VBN 7960 12006 6 ? ? . 7960 12007 1 14 14 CD 7960 12007 2 . . . 7960 12008 1 Can Can MD 7960 12008 2 you -PRON- PRP 7960 12008 3 mention mention VB 7960 12008 4 any any DT 7960 12008 5 of of IN 7960 12008 6 Shakespeare Shakespeare NNP 7960 12008 7 's 's POS 7960 12008 8 plays play NNS 7960 12008 9 which which WDT 7960 12008 10 are be VBP 7960 12008 11 founded found VBN 7960 12008 12 on on IN 7960 12008 13 Italian italian JJ 7960 12008 14 stories story NNS 7960 12008 15 or or CC 7960 12008 16 whose whose WP$ 7960 12008 17 scenes scene NNS 7960 12008 18 are be VBP 7960 12008 19 laid lay VBN 7960 12008 20 in in IN 7960 12008 21 Italy Italy NNP 7960 12008 22 ? ? . 7960 12009 1 15 15 CD 7960 12009 2 . . . 7960 12010 1 Why why WRB 7960 12010 2 did do VBD 7960 12010 3 the the DT 7960 12010 4 classical classical JJ 7960 12010 5 scholar scholar NN 7960 12010 6 come come VB 7960 12010 7 to to TO 7960 12010 8 be be VB 7960 12010 9 regarded regard VBN 7960 12010 10 as as IN 7960 12010 11 the the DT 7960 12010 12 only only JJ 7960 12010 13 educated educate VBN 7960 12010 14 man man NN 7960 12010 15 ? ? . 7960 12011 1 16 16 CD 7960 12011 2 . . . 7960 12012 1 In in IN 7960 12012 2 what what WDT 7960 12012 3 respects respect NNS 7960 12012 4 is be VBZ 7960 12012 5 the the DT 7960 12012 6 American american JJ 7960 12012 7 system system NN 7960 12012 8 of of IN 7960 12012 9 education education NN 7960 12012 10 a a DT 7960 12012 11 realization realization NN 7960 12012 12 of of IN 7960 12012 13 the the DT 7960 12012 14 ideals ideal NNS 7960 12012 15 of of IN 7960 12012 16 Comenius Comenius NNP 7960 12012 17 ? ? . 7960 12013 1 17 17 CD 7960 12013 2 . . . 7960 12014 1 Did do VBD 7960 12014 2 the the DT 7960 12014 3 medieval medieval JJ 7960 12014 4 interest interest NN 7960 12014 5 in in IN 7960 12014 6 astrology astrology NN 7960 12014 7 retard retard VB 7960 12014 8 or or CC 7960 12014 9 further further JJ 7960 12014 10 astronomical astronomical JJ 7960 12014 11 research research NN 7960 12014 12 ? ? . 7960 12015 1 18 18 CD 7960 12015 2 . . . 7960 12016 1 How how WRB 7960 12016 2 did do VBD 7960 12016 3 the the DT 7960 12016 4 discoveries discovery NNS 7960 12016 5 of of IN 7960 12016 6 Galileo Galileo NNP 7960 12016 7 and and CC 7960 12016 8 Kepler Kepler NNP 7960 12016 9 confirm confirm VBP 7960 12016 10 the the DT 7960 12016 11 Copernican copernican JJ 7960 12016 12 theory theory NN 7960 12016 13 ? ? . 7960 12017 1 19 19 CD 7960 12017 2 . . . 7960 12018 1 What what WP 7960 12018 2 is be VBZ 7960 12018 3 meant mean VBN 7960 12018 4 by by IN 7960 12018 5 the the DT 7960 12018 6 " " `` 7960 12018 7 emancipation emancipation NN 7960 12018 8 of of IN 7960 12018 9 the the DT 7960 12018 10 peasantry peasantry NN 7960 12018 11 " " '' 7960 12018 12 ? ? . 7960 12019 1 FOOTNOTES FOOTNOTES NNP 7960 12019 2 [ [ -LRB- 7960 12019 3 1 1 CD 7960 12019 4 ] ] -RRB- 7960 12019 5 Webster Webster NNP 7960 12019 6 , , , 7960 12019 7 _ _ NNP 7960 12019 8 Readings Readings NNP 7960 12019 9 in in IN 7960 12019 10 Medieval Medieval NNP 7960 12019 11 and and CC 7960 12019 12 Modern Modern NNP 7960 12019 13 History History NNP 7960 12019 14 _ _ NNP 7960 12019 15 , , , 7960 12019 16 chapter chapter NN 7960 12019 17 xix xix NN 7960 12019 18 , , , 7960 12019 19 " " `` 7960 12019 20 A a DT 7960 12019 21 Scholar Scholar NNP 7960 12019 22 of of IN 7960 12019 23 the the DT 7960 12019 24 Renaissance Renaissance NNP 7960 12019 25 " " '' 7960 12019 26 ; ; : 7960 12019 27 chapter chapter NN 7960 12019 28 xx xx NNP 7960 12019 29 , , , 7960 12019 30 " " `` 7960 12019 31 Renaissance Renaissance NNP 7960 12019 32 Artists Artists NNP 7960 12019 33 . . . 7960 12019 34 " " '' 7960 12020 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 12020 2 2 2 LS 7960 12020 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 12020 4 See see VB 7960 12020 5 page page NN 7960 12020 6 545 545 CD 7960 12020 7 . . . 7960 12021 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 12021 2 3 3 LS 7960 12021 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 12021 4 See see VB 7960 12021 5 page page NN 7960 12021 6 413 413 CD 7960 12021 7 . . . 7960 12022 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 12022 2 4 4 LS 7960 12022 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 12022 4 See see VB 7960 12022 5 page page NN 7960 12022 6 604 604 CD 7960 12022 7 . . . 7960 12023 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 12023 2 5 5 CD 7960 12023 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 12023 4 Latin Latin NNP 7960 12023 5 _ _ NNP 7960 12023 6 humanitas humanita NNS 7960 12023 7 , , , 7960 12023 8 _ _ NNP 7960 12023 9 from from IN 7960 12023 10 _ _ NNP 7960 12023 11 homo homo NN 7960 12023 12 _ _ NNP 7960 12023 13 , , , 7960 12023 14 " " `` 7960 12023 15 man man NN 7960 12023 16 . . . 7960 12023 17 " " '' 7960 12024 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 12024 2 6 6 CD 7960 12024 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 12024 4 See see VB 7960 12024 5 page page NN 7960 12024 6 560 560 CD 7960 12024 7 . . . 7960 12025 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 12025 2 7 7 LS 7960 12025 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 12025 4 A a DT 7960 12025 5 Latin latin JJ 7960 12025 6 word word NN 7960 12025 7 meaning meaning NN 7960 12025 8 " " `` 7960 12025 9 cradle cradle NN 7960 12025 10 " " '' 7960 12025 11 or or CC 7960 12025 12 " " `` 7960 12025 13 birthplace birthplace NN 7960 12025 14 , , , 7960 12025 15 " " '' 7960 12025 16 and and CC 7960 12025 17 so so RB 7960 12025 18 the the DT 7960 12025 19 beginning beginning NN 7960 12025 20 of of IN 7960 12025 21 anything anything NN 7960 12025 22 . . . 7960 12026 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 12026 2 8 8 LS 7960 12026 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 12026 4 See see VB 7960 12026 5 page page NN 7960 12026 6 574 574 CD 7960 12026 7 . . . 7960 12027 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 12027 2 9 9 CD 7960 12027 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 12027 4 See see VB 7960 12027 5 the the DT 7960 12027 6 plate plate NN 7960 12027 7 facing face VBG 7960 12027 8 page page NN 7960 12027 9 591 591 CD 7960 12027 10 . . . 7960 12028 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 12028 2 10 10 CD 7960 12028 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 12028 4 See see VB 7960 12028 5 the the DT 7960 12028 6 illustration illustration NN 7960 12028 7 , , , 7960 12028 8 page page NN 7960 12028 9 202 202 CD 7960 12028 10 . . . 7960 12029 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 12029 2 11 11 CD 7960 12029 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 12029 4 For for IN 7960 12029 5 instance instance NN 7960 12029 6 , , , 7960 12029 7 the the DT 7960 12029 8 Invalides Invalides NNPS 7960 12029 9 in in IN 7960 12029 10 Paris Paris NNP 7960 12029 11 , , , 7960 12029 12 St. St. NNP 7960 12029 13 Paul Paul NNP 7960 12029 14 's 's POS 7960 12029 15 in in IN 7960 12029 16 London London NNP 7960 12029 17 , , , 7960 12029 18 and and CC 7960 12029 19 the the DT 7960 12029 20 Capitol Capitol NNP 7960 12029 21 at at IN 7960 12029 22 Washington Washington NNP 7960 12029 23 . . . 7960 12030 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 12030 2 12 12 CD 7960 12030 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 12030 4 In in IN 7960 12030 5 this this DT 7960 12030 6 chapel chapel NN 7960 12030 7 the the DT 7960 12030 8 election election NN 7960 12030 9 of of IN 7960 12030 10 a a DT 7960 12030 11 new new JJ 7960 12030 12 pope pope NN 7960 12030 13 takes take VBZ 7960 12030 14 place place NN 7960 12030 15 . . . 7960 12031 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 12031 2 13 13 CD 7960 12031 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 12031 4 See see VB 7960 12031 5 page page NN 7960 12031 6 336 336 CD 7960 12031 7 . . . 7960 12032 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 12032 2 14 14 CD 7960 12032 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 12032 4 The the DT 7960 12032 5 so so RB 7960 12032 6 - - HYPH 7960 12032 7 called call VBN 7960 12032 8 _ _ NNP 7960 12032 9 Complutensian Complutensian NNP 7960 12032 10 Polyglott Polyglott NNP 7960 12032 11 _ _ NNP 7960 12032 12 , , , 7960 12032 13 issued issue VBN 7960 12032 14 at at IN 7960 12032 15 Alcalá Alcalá NNP 7960 12032 16 in in IN 7960 12032 17 Spain Spain NNP 7960 12032 18 by by IN 7960 12032 19 Cardinal Cardinal NNP 7960 12032 20 Jimenes Jimenes NNP 7960 12032 21 , , , 7960 12032 22 did do VBD 7960 12032 23 even even RB 7960 12032 24 more more RBR 7960 12032 25 for for IN 7960 12032 26 the the DT 7960 12032 27 advance advance NN 7960 12032 28 of of IN 7960 12032 29 Biblical biblical JJ 7960 12032 30 scholarship scholarship NN 7960 12032 31 . . . 7960 12033 1 This this DT 7960 12033 2 was be VBD 7960 12033 3 the the DT 7960 12033 4 first first JJ 7960 12033 5 printed print VBN 7960 12033 6 text text NN 7960 12033 7 of of IN 7960 12033 8 the the DT 7960 12033 9 Greek Greek NNP 7960 12033 10 New New NNP 7960 12033 11 Testament Testament NNP 7960 12033 12 , , , 7960 12033 13 but but CC 7960 12033 14 it -PRON- PRP 7960 12033 15 was be VBD 7960 12033 16 not not RB 7960 12033 17 actually actually RB 7960 12033 18 published publish VBN 7960 12033 19 till till IN 7960 12033 20 1522 1522 CD 7960 12033 21 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 12033 22 , , , 7960 12033 23 six six CD 7960 12033 24 years year NNS 7960 12033 25 after after IN 7960 12033 26 the the DT 7960 12033 27 appearance appearance NN 7960 12033 28 of of IN 7960 12033 29 the the DT 7960 12033 30 edition edition NN 7960 12033 31 by by IN 7960 12033 32 Erasmus Erasmus NNP 7960 12033 33 . . . 7960 12034 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 12034 2 15 15 CD 7960 12034 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 12034 4 A a DT 7960 12034 5 list list NN 7960 12034 6 of of IN 7960 12034 7 the the DT 7960 12034 8 great great JJ 7960 12034 9 European european JJ 7960 12034 10 painters painter NNS 7960 12034 11 would would MD 7960 12034 12 include include VB 7960 12034 13 at at IN 7960 12034 14 least least JJS 7960 12034 15 the the DT 7960 12034 16 following follow VBG 7960 12034 17 names name NNS 7960 12034 18 : : : 7960 12034 19 Durer Durer NNP 7960 12034 20 ( ( -LRB- 7960 12034 21 1471 1471 CD 7960 12034 22 - - SYM 7960 12034 23 1582 1582 CD 7960 12034 24 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 12034 25 ) ) -RRB- 7960 12034 26 and and CC 7960 12034 27 Hans Hans NNP 7960 12034 28 Holbein Holbein NNP 7960 12034 29 the the DT 7960 12034 30 Younger young JJR 7960 12034 31 ( ( -LRB- 7960 12034 32 1497 1497 CD 7960 12034 33 - - SYM 7960 12034 34 1543 1543 CD 7960 12034 35 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 12034 36 ) ) -RRB- 7960 12034 37 in in IN 7960 12034 38 Germany Germany NNP 7960 12034 39 ; ; : 7960 12034 40 Rubens Rubens NNP 7960 12034 41 ( ( -LRB- 7960 12034 42 1577 1577 CD 7960 12034 43 - - SYM 7960 12034 44 1640 1640 CD 7960 12034 45 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 12034 46 ) ) -RRB- 7960 12034 47 and and CC 7960 12034 48 Van Van NNP 7960 12034 49 Dyck Dyck NNP 7960 12034 50 ( ( -LRB- 7960 12034 51 1599- 1599- CD 7960 12034 52 1641 1641 CD 7960 12034 53 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 12034 54 ) ) -RRB- 7960 12034 55 in in IN 7960 12034 56 Flanders flander NNS 7960 12034 57 ; ; : 7960 12034 58 Rembrandt Rembrandt NNP 7960 12034 59 ( ( -LRB- 7960 12034 60 1606 1606 CD 7960 12034 61 - - SYM 7960 12034 62 1669 1669 CD 7960 12034 63 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 12034 64 ) ) -RRB- 7960 12034 65 in in IN 7960 12034 66 Holland Holland NNP 7960 12034 67 ; ; : 7960 12034 68 Claude Claude NNP 7960 12034 69 Lorraine Lorraine NNP 7960 12034 70 ( ( -LRB- 7960 12034 71 1600 1600 CD 7960 12034 72 - - SYM 7960 12034 73 1682 1682 CD 7960 12034 74 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 12034 75 ) ) -RRB- 7960 12034 76 in in IN 7960 12034 77 France France NNP 7960 12034 78 ; ; : 7960 12034 79 and and CC 7960 12034 80 Velásquez Velásquez NNP 7960 12034 81 ( ( -LRB- 7960 12034 82 1599 1599 CD 7960 12034 83 - - SYM 7960 12034 84 1660 1660 CD 7960 12034 85 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 12034 86 ) ) -RRB- 7960 12034 87 and and CC 7960 12034 88 Murillo Murillo NNP 7960 12034 89 ( ( -LRB- 7960 12034 90 1617 1617 CD 7960 12034 91 - - SYM 7960 12034 92 1682 1682 CD 7960 12034 93 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 12034 94 ) ) -RRB- 7960 12034 95 in in IN 7960 12034 96 Spain Spain NNP 7960 12034 97 . . . 7960 12035 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 12035 2 16 16 CD 7960 12035 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 12035 4 See see VB 7960 12035 5 the the DT 7960 12035 6 illustration illustration NN 7960 12035 7 , , , 7960 12035 8 page page NN 7960 12035 9 442 442 CD 7960 12035 10 . . . 7960 12036 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 12036 2 17 17 CD 7960 12036 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 12036 4 The the DT 7960 12036 5 three three CD 7960 12036 6 - - HYPH 7960 12036 7 hundredth hundredth JJ 7960 12036 8 anniversary anniversary NN 7960 12036 9 of of IN 7960 12036 10 Shakespeare Shakespeare NNP 7960 12036 11 's 's POS 7960 12036 12 death death NN 7960 12036 13 was be VBD 7960 12036 14 appropriately appropriately RB 7960 12036 15 observed observe VBN 7960 12036 16 in in IN 7960 12036 17 1916 1916 CD 7960 12036 18 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 12036 19 throughout throughout IN 7960 12036 20 the the DT 7960 12036 21 world world NN 7960 12036 22 . . . 7960 12037 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 12037 2 18 18 CD 7960 12037 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 12037 4 See see VB 7960 12037 5 page page NN 7960 12037 6 572 572 CD 7960 12037 7 . . . 7960 12038 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 12038 2 19 19 CD 7960 12038 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 12038 4 See see VB 7960 12038 5 page page NN 7960 12038 6 133 133 CD 7960 12038 7 . . . 7960 12039 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 12039 2 20 20 CD 7960 12039 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 12039 4 See see VB 7960 12039 5 page page NN 7960 12039 6 571 571 CD 7960 12039 7 . . . 7960 12040 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 12040 2 21 21 CD 7960 12040 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 12040 4 Not not RB 7960 12040 5 to to TO 7960 12040 6 be be VB 7960 12040 7 confused confuse VBN 7960 12040 8 with with IN 7960 12040 9 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 12040 10 countryman countryman NN 7960 12040 11 , , , 7960 12040 12 Roger Roger NNP 7960 12040 13 Bacon Bacon NNP 7960 12040 14 , , , 7960 12040 15 who who WP 7960 12040 16 lived live VBD 7960 12040 17 in in IN 7960 12040 18 the the DT 7960 12040 19 thirteenth thirteenth JJ 7960 12040 20 century century NN 7960 12040 21 . . . 7960 12041 1 See see VB 7960 12041 2 page page NN 7960 12041 3 573 573 CD 7960 12041 4 . . . 7960 12042 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 12042 2 22 22 CD 7960 12042 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 12042 4 See see VB 7960 12042 5 page page NN 7960 12042 6 436 436 CD 7960 12042 7 . . . 7960 12043 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 12043 2 23 23 CD 7960 12043 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 12043 4 See see VB 7960 12043 5 page page NN 7960 12043 6 541 541 CD 7960 12043 7 . . . 7960 12044 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 12044 2 24 24 CD 7960 12044 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 12044 4 A a DT 7960 12044 5 similar similar JJ 7960 12044 6 plague plague NN 7960 12044 7 devastated devastate VBD 7960 12044 8 the the DT 7960 12044 9 Roman roman JJ 7960 12044 10 world world NN 7960 12044 11 during during IN 7960 12044 12 the the DT 7960 12044 13 reign reign NN 7960 12044 14 of of IN 7960 12044 15 Justinian Justinian NNP 7960 12044 16 . . . 7960 12045 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 12045 2 25 25 CD 7960 12045 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 12045 4 From from IN 7960 12045 5 _ _ NNP 7960 12045 6 Jacques Jacques NNP 7960 12045 7 _ _ NNP 7960 12045 8 , , , 7960 12045 9 a a DT 7960 12045 10 common common JJ 7960 12045 11 French french JJ 7960 12045 12 name name NN 7960 12045 13 for for IN 7960 12045 14 a a DT 7960 12045 15 peasant peasant NN 7960 12045 16 . . . 7960 12046 1 CHAPTER chapter NN 7960 12046 2 XXVI XXVI NNP 7960 12046 3 GEOGRAPHICAL GEOGRAPHICAL NNP 7960 12046 4 DISCOVERY DISCOVERY NNS 7960 12046 5 AND and CC 7960 12046 6 COLONIZATION COLONIZATION NNP 7960 12046 7 [ [ -LRB- 7960 12046 8 1 1 CD 7960 12046 9 ] ] -RRB- 7960 12046 10 218 218 CD 7960 12046 11 . . . 7960 12047 1 MEDIEVAL MEDIEVAL NNP 7960 12047 2 GEOGRAPHY GEOGRAPHY VBZ 7960 12047 3 THE the DT 7960 12047 4 GEOGRAPHICAL geographical NN 7960 12047 5 RENAISSANCE renaissance NN 7960 12047 6 There there EX 7960 12047 7 was be VBD 7960 12047 8 also also RB 7960 12047 9 a a DT 7960 12047 10 geographical geographical JJ 7960 12047 11 Renaissance Renaissance NNP 7960 12047 12 . . . 7960 12048 1 The the DT 7960 12048 2 revival revival NN 7960 12048 3 of of IN 7960 12048 4 the the DT 7960 12048 5 exploring explore VBG 7960 12048 6 spirit spirit NN 7960 12048 7 led lead VBD 7960 12048 8 to to IN 7960 12048 9 the the DT 7960 12048 10 discovery discovery NN 7960 12048 11 of of IN 7960 12048 12 ocean ocean NN 7960 12048 13 routes route NNS 7960 12048 14 to to IN 7960 12048 15 the the DT 7960 12048 16 Far Far NNP 7960 12048 17 East East NNP 7960 12048 18 and and CC 7960 12048 19 the the DT 7960 12048 20 Americas Americas NNPS 7960 12048 21 . . . 7960 12049 1 In in IN 7960 12049 2 consequence consequence NN 7960 12049 3 , , , 7960 12049 4 commerce commerce NNP 7960 12049 5 was be VBD 7960 12049 6 vastly vastly RB 7960 12049 7 stimulated stimulate VBN 7960 12049 8 , , , 7960 12049 9 and and CC 7960 12049 10 two two CD 7960 12049 11 continents continent NNS 7960 12049 12 , , , 7960 12049 13 hitherto hitherto NNP 7960 12049 14 unknown unknown JJ 7960 12049 15 , , , 7960 12049 16 were be VBD 7960 12049 17 opened open VBN 7960 12049 18 up up RP 7960 12049 19 to to IN 7960 12049 20 civilization civilization NN 7960 12049 21 . . . 7960 12050 1 The the DT 7960 12050 2 geographical geographical JJ 7960 12050 3 Renaissance Renaissance NNP 7960 12050 4 , , , 7960 12050 5 which which WDT 7960 12050 6 gave give VBD 7960 12050 7 man man NN 7960 12050 8 a a DT 7960 12050 9 New New NNP 7960 12050 10 World World NNP 7960 12050 11 , , , 7960 12050 12 thus thus RB 7960 12050 13 cooperated cooperate VBD 7960 12050 14 with with IN 7960 12050 15 the the DT 7960 12050 16 other other JJ 7960 12050 17 movements movement NNS 7960 12050 18 of of IN 7960 12050 19 the the DT 7960 12050 20 age age NN 7960 12050 21 in in IN 7960 12050 22 bringing bring VBG 7960 12050 23 about about RP 7960 12050 24 the the DT 7960 12050 25 transition transition NN 7960 12050 26 from from IN 7960 12050 27 medieval medieval JJ 7960 12050 28 to to IN 7960 12050 29 modern modern JJ 7960 12050 30 times time NNS 7960 12050 31 . . . 7960 12051 1 MEDIEVAL MEDIEVAL NNP 7960 12051 2 IGNORANCE IGNORANCE NNP 7960 12051 3 OF of IN 7960 12051 4 GEOGRAPHY GEOGRAPHY NNP 7960 12051 5 The the DT 7960 12051 6 Greeks Greeks NNPS 7960 12051 7 and and CC 7960 12051 8 Romans Romans NNPS 7960 12051 9 had have VBD 7960 12051 10 become become VBN 7960 12051 11 familiar familiar JJ 7960 12051 12 with with IN 7960 12051 13 a a DT 7960 12051 14 large large JJ 7960 12051 15 part part NN 7960 12051 16 of of IN 7960 12051 17 Europe Europe NNP 7960 12051 18 and and CC 7960 12051 19 Asia Asia NNP 7960 12051 20 , , , 7960 12051 21 but but CC 7960 12051 22 much much JJ 7960 12051 23 of of IN 7960 12051 24 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 12051 25 learning learning NN 7960 12051 26 was be VBD 7960 12051 27 either either CC 7960 12051 28 forgotten forget VBN 7960 12051 29 or or CC 7960 12051 30 perverted pervert VBN 7960 12051 31 during during IN 7960 12051 32 the the DT 7960 12051 33 early early JJ 7960 12051 34 Middle Middle NNP 7960 12051 35 Ages Ages NNPS 7960 12051 36 . . . 7960 12052 1 Even even RB 7960 12052 2 the the DT 7960 12052 3 wonderful wonderful JJ 7960 12052 4 discoveries discovery NNS 7960 12052 5 of of IN 7960 12052 6 the the DT 7960 12052 7 Northmen Northmen NNP 7960 12052 8 in in IN 7960 12052 9 the the DT 7960 12052 10 North North NNP 7960 12052 11 Atlantic Atlantic NNP 7960 12052 12 gradually gradually RB 7960 12052 13 faded fade VBD 7960 12052 14 from from IN 7960 12052 15 memory memory NN 7960 12052 16 . . . 7960 12053 1 The the DT 7960 12053 2 Arabs Arabs NNPS 7960 12053 3 , , , 7960 12053 4 whose whose WP$ 7960 12053 5 conquests conquest NNS 7960 12053 6 and and CC 7960 12053 7 commerce commerce NN 7960 12053 8 extended extend VBD 7960 12053 9 over over IN 7960 12053 10 so so RB 7960 12053 11 much much JJ 7960 12053 12 of of IN 7960 12053 13 the the DT 7960 12053 14 Orient Orient NNP 7960 12053 15 , , , 7960 12053 16 far far RB 7960 12053 17 surpassed surpass VBD 7960 12053 18 the the DT 7960 12053 19 Christian christian JJ 7960 12053 20 peoples people NNS 7960 12053 21 of of IN 7960 12053 22 Europe Europe NNP 7960 12053 23 in in IN 7960 12053 24 knowledge knowledge NN 7960 12053 25 of of IN 7960 12053 26 the the DT 7960 12053 27 world world NN 7960 12053 28 . . . 7960 12054 1 GEOGRAPHICAL GEOGRAPHICAL NNP 7960 12054 2 MYTHS myth NNS 7960 12054 3 The the DT 7960 12054 4 alliance alliance NN 7960 12054 5 of of IN 7960 12054 6 medieval medieval JJ 7960 12054 7 geography geography NN 7960 12054 8 with with IN 7960 12054 9 theology theology NN 7960 12054 10 led lead VBN 7960 12054 11 to to IN 7960 12054 12 curious curious JJ 7960 12054 13 results result NNS 7960 12054 14 . . . 7960 12055 1 Map Map NNP 7960 12055 2 makers maker NNS 7960 12055 3 , , , 7960 12055 4 relying rely VBG 7960 12055 5 on on IN 7960 12055 6 a a DT 7960 12055 7 passage passage NN 7960 12055 8 in in IN 7960 12055 9 the the DT 7960 12055 10 Old Old NNP 7960 12055 11 Testament Testament NNP 7960 12055 12 , , , 7960 12055 13 [ [ -LRB- 7960 12055 14 2 2 CD 7960 12055 15 ] ] -RRB- 7960 12055 16 usually usually RB 7960 12055 17 placed place VBN 7960 12055 18 Jerusalem Jerusalem NNP 7960 12055 19 in in IN 7960 12055 20 the the DT 7960 12055 21 center center NN 7960 12055 22 of of IN 7960 12055 23 the the DT 7960 12055 24 world world NN 7960 12055 25 . . . 7960 12056 1 A a DT 7960 12056 2 Scriptural scriptural JJ 7960 12056 3 reference reference NN 7960 12056 4 to to IN 7960 12056 5 the the DT 7960 12056 6 " " `` 7960 12056 7 four four CD 7960 12056 8 corners corner NNS 7960 12056 9 of of IN 7960 12056 10 the the DT 7960 12056 11 earth earth NN 7960 12056 12 " " '' 7960 12056 13 [ [ -LRB- 7960 12056 14 3 3 CD 7960 12056 15 ] ] -RRB- 7960 12056 16 was be VBD 7960 12056 17 sometimes sometimes RB 7960 12056 18 thought think VBN 7960 12056 19 to to TO 7960 12056 20 imply imply VB 7960 12056 21 the the DT 7960 12056 22 existence existence NN 7960 12056 23 of of IN 7960 12056 24 a a DT 7960 12056 25 rectangular rectangular JJ 7960 12056 26 world world NN 7960 12056 27 . . . 7960 12057 1 From from IN 7960 12057 2 classical classical JJ 7960 12057 3 sources source NNS 7960 12057 4 came come VBD 7960 12057 5 stories story NNS 7960 12057 6 of of IN 7960 12057 7 monstrous monstrous JJ 7960 12057 8 men man NNS 7960 12057 9 , , , 7960 12057 10 one one CD 7960 12057 11 - - HYPH 7960 12057 12 eyed eyed JJ 7960 12057 13 , , , 7960 12057 14 headless headless NN 7960 12057 15 , , , 7960 12057 16 or or CC 7960 12057 17 dog dog NN 7960 12057 18 - - HYPH 7960 12057 19 headed head VBN 7960 12057 20 , , , 7960 12057 21 who who WP 7960 12057 22 were be VBD 7960 12057 23 supposed suppose VBN 7960 12057 24 to to TO 7960 12057 25 inhabit inhabit VB 7960 12057 26 remote remote JJ 7960 12057 27 regions region NNS 7960 12057 28 . . . 7960 12058 1 Equally equally RB 7960 12058 2 monstrous monstrous JJ 7960 12058 3 animals animal NNS 7960 12058 4 , , , 7960 12058 5 such such JJ 7960 12058 6 as as IN 7960 12058 7 the the DT 7960 12058 8 unicorn unicorn JJ 7960 12058 9 and and CC 7960 12058 10 dragon dragon NN 7960 12058 11 , , , 7960 12058 12 [ [ -LRB- 7960 12058 13 4 4 CD 7960 12058 14 ] ] -RRB- 7960 12058 15 kept keep VBD 7960 12058 16 them -PRON- PRP 7960 12058 17 company company NN 7960 12058 18 . . . 7960 12059 1 Sailors sailor NNS 7960 12059 2 ' ' POS 7960 12059 3 " " `` 7960 12059 4 yarns yarn NNS 7960 12059 5 " " '' 7960 12059 6 must must MD 7960 12059 7 have have VB 7960 12059 8 been be VBN 7960 12059 9 responsible responsible JJ 7960 12059 10 for for IN 7960 12059 11 the the DT 7960 12059 12 belief belief NN 7960 12059 13 that that IN 7960 12059 14 the the DT 7960 12059 15 ocean ocean NN 7960 12059 16 boiled boil VBN 7960 12059 17 at at IN 7960 12059 18 the the DT 7960 12059 19 equator equator NN 7960 12059 20 and and CC 7960 12059 21 that that IN 7960 12059 22 in in IN 7960 12059 23 the the DT 7960 12059 24 Atlantic Atlantic NNP 7960 12059 25 -- -- : 7960 12059 26 the the DT 7960 12059 27 " " `` 7960 12059 28 Sea Sea NNP 7960 12059 29 of of IN 7960 12059 30 Darkness"--lurked Darkness"--lurked NNP 7960 12059 31 serpents serpent NNS 7960 12059 32 huge huge JJ 7960 12059 33 enough enough RB 7960 12059 34 to to TO 7960 12059 35 sink sink VB 7960 12059 36 ships ship NNS 7960 12059 37 . . . 7960 12060 1 To to IN 7960 12060 2 the the DT 7960 12060 3 real real JJ 7960 12060 4 danger danger NN 7960 12060 5 of of IN 7960 12060 6 travel travel NN 7960 12060 7 by by IN 7960 12060 8 land land NN 7960 12060 9 and and CC 7960 12060 10 water water NN 7960 12060 11 people people NNS 7960 12060 12 thus thus RB 7960 12060 13 added add VBD 7960 12060 14 imaginary imaginary JJ 7960 12060 15 terrors terror NNS 7960 12060 16 . . . 7960 12061 1 THE the DT 7960 12061 2 COSMAS COSMAS NNP 7960 12061 3 MAP MAP NNP 7960 12061 4 Many many JJ 7960 12061 5 maps map NNS 7960 12061 6 prepared prepare VBN 7960 12061 7 in in IN 7960 12061 8 the the DT 7960 12061 9 Middle Middle NNP 7960 12061 10 Ages Ages NNPS 7960 12061 11 sum sum VB 7960 12061 12 up up RP 7960 12061 13 the the DT 7960 12061 14 prevailing prevail VBG 7960 12061 15 knowledge knowledge NN 7960 12061 16 , , , 7960 12061 17 or or CC 7960 12061 18 rather rather RB 7960 12061 19 ignorance ignorance NN 7960 12061 20 , , , 7960 12061 21 of of IN 7960 12061 22 the the DT 7960 12061 23 world world NN 7960 12061 24 . . . 7960 12062 1 One one CD 7960 12062 2 of of IN 7960 12062 3 the the DT 7960 12062 4 earliest early JJS 7960 12062 5 specimens specimen NNS 7960 12062 6 that that WDT 7960 12062 7 has have VBZ 7960 12062 8 come come VBN 7960 12062 9 down down RP 7960 12062 10 to to IN 7960 12062 11 us -PRON- PRP 7960 12062 12 was be VBD 7960 12062 13 made make VBN 7960 12062 14 in in IN 7960 12062 15 the the DT 7960 12062 16 sixth sixth JJ 7960 12062 17 century century NN 7960 12062 18 , , , 7960 12062 19 by by IN 7960 12062 20 Cosmas Cosmas NNP 7960 12062 21 , , , 7960 12062 22 an an DT 7960 12062 23 Alexandrian alexandrian JJ 7960 12062 24 monk monk NN 7960 12062 25 . . . 7960 12063 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 12063 2 exhibits exhibit VBZ 7960 12063 3 the the DT 7960 12063 4 earth earth NN 7960 12063 5 as as IN 7960 12063 6 a a DT 7960 12063 7 rectangle rectangle NN 7960 12063 8 surrounded surround VBN 7960 12063 9 by by IN 7960 12063 10 an an DT 7960 12063 11 ocean ocean NN 7960 12063 12 with with IN 7960 12063 13 four four CD 7960 12063 14 deep deep JJ 7960 12063 15 gulfs gulf NNS 7960 12063 16 . . . 7960 12064 1 Beyond beyond IN 7960 12064 2 this this DT 7960 12064 3 ocean ocean NN 7960 12064 4 lies lie VBZ 7960 12064 5 another another DT 7960 12064 6 world world NN 7960 12064 7 , , , 7960 12064 8 the the DT 7960 12064 9 seat seat NN 7960 12064 10 of of IN 7960 12064 11 Paradise Paradise NNP 7960 12064 12 and and CC 7960 12064 13 the the DT 7960 12064 14 place place NN 7960 12064 15 " " '' 7960 12064 16 where where WRB 7960 12064 17 men man NNS 7960 12064 18 dwelt dwell VBD 7960 12064 19 before before IN 7960 12064 20 the the DT 7960 12064 21 Flood Flood NNP 7960 12064 22 . . . 7960 12064 23 " " '' 7960 12065 1 The the DT 7960 12065 2 rivers river NNS 7960 12065 3 which which WDT 7960 12065 4 flow flow VBP 7960 12065 5 from from IN 7960 12065 6 the the DT 7960 12065 7 lakes lake NNS 7960 12065 8 of of IN 7960 12065 9 Paradise Paradise NNP 7960 12065 10 are be VBP 7960 12065 11 also also RB 7960 12065 12 shown show VBN 7960 12065 13 . . . 7960 12066 1 Figures figure NNS 7960 12066 2 holding hold VBG 7960 12066 3 trumpets trumpet NNS 7960 12066 4 represent represent VBP 7960 12066 5 the the DT 7960 12066 6 four four CD 7960 12066 7 winds wind NNS 7960 12066 8 . . . 7960 12067 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 12067 2 Illustration illustration NN 7960 12067 3 : : : 7960 12067 4 GEOGRAPHICAL geographical NN 7960 12067 5 MONSTERS monster NNS 7960 12067 6 From from IN 7960 12067 7 an an DT 7960 12067 8 early early JJ 7960 12067 9 edition edition NN 7960 12067 10 of of IN 7960 12067 11 Sir Sir NNP 7960 12067 12 John John NNP 7960 12067 13 Mandeville Mandeville NNP 7960 12067 14 's 's POS 7960 12067 15 _ _ NNP 7960 12067 16 Travels Travels NNPS 7960 12067 17 _ _ NNP 7960 12067 18 . . . 7960 12068 1 Shakespeare Shakespeare NNP 7960 12068 2 ( ( -LRB- 7960 12068 3 _ _ NNP 7960 12068 4 Othello Othello NNP 7960 12068 5 _ _ NNP 7960 12068 6 , , , 7960 12068 7 I -PRON- PRP 7960 12068 8 , , , 7960 12068 9 iii iii CD 7960 12068 10 , , , 7960 12068 11 144 144 CD 7960 12068 12 - - SYM 7960 12068 13 145 145 CD 7960 12068 14 ) ) -RRB- 7960 12068 15 refers refer VBZ 7960 12068 16 to to IN 7960 12068 17 : : : 7960 12068 18 " " `` 7960 12068 19 The the DT 7960 12068 20 Anthropophagi Anthropophagi NNP 7960 12068 21 , , , 7960 12068 22 and and CC 7960 12068 23 men man NNS 7960 12068 24 whose whose WP$ 7960 12068 25 heads head NNS 7960 12068 26 Do do VBP 7960 12068 27 grow grow VB 7960 12068 28 beneath beneath IN 7960 12068 29 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 12068 30 shoulders shoulder NNS 7960 12068 31 . . . 7960 12068 32 " " '' 7960 12068 33 ] ] -RRB- 7960 12069 1 THE the DT 7960 12069 2 HEREFORD HEREFORD NNP 7960 12069 3 MAP MAP NNP 7960 12069 4 A a DT 7960 12069 5 map map NN 7960 12069 6 made make VBN 7960 12069 7 about about RB 7960 12069 8 seven seven CD 7960 12069 9 hundred hundred CD 7960 12069 10 years year NNS 7960 12069 11 later later RB 7960 12069 12 , , , 7960 12069 13 and and CC 7960 12069 14 now now RB 7960 12069 15 preserved preserve VBN 7960 12069 16 in in IN 7960 12069 17 Hereford Hereford NNP 7960 12069 18 Cathedral Cathedral NNP 7960 12069 19 , , , 7960 12069 20 shows show VBZ 7960 12069 21 the the DT 7960 12069 22 earth earth NN 7960 12069 23 as as IN 7960 12069 24 a a DT 7960 12069 25 circular circular JJ 7960 12069 26 disk disk NN 7960 12069 27 with with IN 7960 12069 28 the the DT 7960 12069 29 ocean ocean NN 7960 12069 30 surrounding surround VBG 7960 12069 31 it -PRON- PRP 7960 12069 32 . . . 7960 12070 1 In in IN 7960 12070 2 the the DT 7960 12070 3 extreme extreme JJ 7960 12070 4 east east NN 7960 12070 5 -- -- : 7960 12070 6 that that RB 7960 12070 7 is is RB 7960 12070 8 , , , 7960 12070 9 at at IN 7960 12070 10 the the DT 7960 12070 11 top top NN 7960 12070 12 -- -- : 7960 12070 13 lies lie VBZ 7960 12070 14 Paradise Paradise NNP 7960 12070 15 , , , 7960 12070 16 Jerusalem Jerusalem NNP 7960 12070 17 occupies occupy VBZ 7960 12070 18 the the DT 7960 12070 19 center center NN 7960 12070 20 , , , 7960 12070 21 and and CC 7960 12070 22 below below IN 7960 12070 23 it -PRON- PRP 7960 12070 24 comes come VBZ 7960 12070 25 the the DT 7960 12070 26 Mediterranean Mediterranean NNP 7960 12070 27 , , , 7960 12070 28 liberally liberally RB 7960 12070 29 supplied supply VBN 7960 12070 30 with with IN 7960 12070 31 islands island NNS 7960 12070 32 . . . 7960 12071 1 The the DT 7960 12071 2 Black Black NNP 7960 12071 3 Sea Sea NNP 7960 12071 4 appears appear VBZ 7960 12071 5 as as IN 7960 12071 6 a a DT 7960 12071 7 narrow narrow JJ 7960 12071 8 body body NN 7960 12071 9 of of IN 7960 12071 10 water water NN 7960 12071 11 , , , 7960 12071 12 and and CC 7960 12071 13 even even RB 7960 12071 14 the the DT 7960 12071 15 British british JJ 7960 12071 16 Isles Isles NNPS 7960 12071 17 are be VBP 7960 12071 18 strangely strangely RB 7960 12071 19 distorted distort VBN 7960 12071 20 to to TO 7960 12071 21 fit fit VB 7960 12071 22 the the DT 7960 12071 23 circle circle NN 7960 12071 24 . . . 7960 12072 1 Such such PDT 7960 12072 2 a a DT 7960 12072 3 map map NN 7960 12072 4 could could MD 7960 12072 5 have have VB 7960 12072 6 been be VBN 7960 12072 7 of of IN 7960 12072 8 little little JJ 7960 12072 9 use use NN 7960 12072 10 to to IN 7960 12072 11 travelers traveler NNS 7960 12072 12 ; ; : 7960 12072 13 it -PRON- PRP 7960 12072 14 simply simply RB 7960 12072 15 satisfied satisfy VBD 7960 12072 16 a a DT 7960 12072 17 natural natural JJ 7960 12072 18 curiosity curiosity NN 7960 12072 19 about about IN 7960 12072 20 the the DT 7960 12072 21 wonders wonder NNS 7960 12072 22 of of IN 7960 12072 23 the the DT 7960 12072 24 world world NN 7960 12072 25 . . . 7960 12073 1 OPENING open VBG 7960 12073 2 UP up RP 7960 12073 3 OF of IN 7960 12073 4 ASIA asia NN 7960 12073 5 The the DT 7960 12073 6 crusades crusade NNS 7960 12073 7 , , , 7960 12073 8 more more JJR 7960 12073 9 than than IN 7960 12073 10 anything anything NN 7960 12073 11 else else RB 7960 12073 12 , , , 7960 12073 13 first first RB 7960 12073 14 extended extended JJ 7960 12073 15 geographical geographical JJ 7960 12073 16 knowledge knowledge NN 7960 12073 17 . . . 7960 12074 1 As as IN 7960 12074 2 a a DT 7960 12074 3 religious religious JJ 7960 12074 4 movement movement NN 7960 12074 5 they -PRON- PRP 7960 12074 6 led lead VBD 7960 12074 7 to to IN 7960 12074 8 pilgrimages pilgrimage NNS 7960 12074 9 and and CC 7960 12074 10 missions mission NNS 7960 12074 11 in in IN 7960 12074 12 Oriental oriental JJ 7960 12074 13 lands land NNS 7960 12074 14 . . . 7960 12075 1 With with IN 7960 12075 2 the the DT 7960 12075 3 pilgrims pilgrim NNS 7960 12075 4 and and CC 7960 12075 5 missionaries missionary NNS 7960 12075 6 went go VBD 7960 12075 7 hard hard RB 7960 12075 8 - - HYPH 7960 12075 9 headed head VBN 7960 12075 10 traders trader NNS 7960 12075 11 , , , 7960 12075 12 who who WP 7960 12075 13 brought bring VBD 7960 12075 14 back back RB 7960 12075 15 to to IN 7960 12075 16 Europe Europe NNP 7960 12075 17 the the DT 7960 12075 18 wealth wealth NN 7960 12075 19 of of IN 7960 12075 20 the the DT 7960 12075 21 East East NNP 7960 12075 22 . . . 7960 12076 1 The the DT 7960 12076 2 result result NN 7960 12076 3 , , , 7960 12076 4 by by IN 7960 12076 5 1300 1300 CD 7960 12076 6 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 12076 7 , , , 7960 12076 8 was be VBD 7960 12076 9 to to TO 7960 12076 10 open open VB 7960 12076 11 up up RP 7960 12076 12 countries country NNS 7960 12076 13 beyond beyond IN 7960 12076 14 the the DT 7960 12076 15 Euphrates Euphrates NNP 7960 12076 16 which which WDT 7960 12076 17 had have VBD 7960 12076 18 remained remain VBN 7960 12076 19 sealed seal VBN 7960 12076 20 to to IN 7960 12076 21 Europe Europe NNP 7960 12076 22 for for IN 7960 12076 23 centuries century NNS 7960 12076 24 . . . 7960 12077 1 This this DT 7960 12077 2 discovery discovery NN 7960 12077 3 of of IN 7960 12077 4 the the DT 7960 12077 5 interior interior NN 7960 12077 6 of of IN 7960 12077 7 Asia Asia NNP 7960 12077 8 had have VBD 7960 12077 9 only only RB 7960 12077 10 less less JJR 7960 12077 11 importance importance NN 7960 12077 12 than than IN 7960 12077 13 that that DT 7960 12077 14 of of IN 7960 12077 15 the the DT 7960 12077 16 New New NNP 7960 12077 17 World World NNP 7960 12077 18 two two CD 7960 12077 19 centuries century NNS 7960 12077 20 later later RB 7960 12077 21 . . . 7960 12078 1 LEGEND LEGEND NNP 7960 12078 2 OF of IN 7960 12078 3 PRESTER prester NN 7960 12078 4 JOHN JOHN NNP 7960 12078 5 What what WP 7960 12078 6 specially specially RB 7960 12078 7 drew draw VBD 7960 12078 8 explorers explorer NNS 7960 12078 9 eastward eastward RB 7960 12078 10 was be VBD 7960 12078 11 the the DT 7960 12078 12 belief belief NN 7960 12078 13 that that WDT 7960 12078 14 somewhere somewhere RB 7960 12078 15 in in IN 7960 12078 16 the the DT 7960 12078 17 center center NN 7960 12078 18 of of IN 7960 12078 19 Asia Asia NNP 7960 12078 20 existed exist VBD 7960 12078 21 a a DT 7960 12078 22 great great JJ 7960 12078 23 Christian christian JJ 7960 12078 24 kingdom kingdom NN 7960 12078 25 which which WDT 7960 12078 26 , , , 7960 12078 27 if if IN 7960 12078 28 allied ally VBN 7960 12078 29 to to IN 7960 12078 30 European European NNP 7960 12078 31 Christendom Christendom NNP 7960 12078 32 , , , 7960 12078 33 might may MD 7960 12078 34 attack attack VB 7960 12078 35 the the DT 7960 12078 36 Moslems Moslems NNPS 7960 12078 37 from from IN 7960 12078 38 the the DT 7960 12078 39 rear rear NN 7960 12078 40 . . . 7960 12079 1 According accord VBG 7960 12079 2 to to IN 7960 12079 3 one one CD 7960 12079 4 form form NN 7960 12079 5 of of IN 7960 12079 6 the the DT 7960 12079 7 story story NN 7960 12079 8 the the DT 7960 12079 9 kingdom kingdom NN 7960 12079 10 consisted consist VBD 7960 12079 11 of of IN 7960 12079 12 the the DT 7960 12079 13 Ten Ten NNP 7960 12079 14 Tribes Tribes NNPS 7960 12079 15 of of IN 7960 12079 16 Israel Israel NNP 7960 12079 17 , , , 7960 12079 18 [ [ -LRB- 7960 12079 19 5 5 CD 7960 12079 20 ] ] -RRB- 7960 12079 21 who who WP 7960 12079 22 had have VBD 7960 12079 23 been be VBN 7960 12079 24 converted convert VBN 7960 12079 25 to to IN 7960 12079 26 Christianity Christianity NNP 7960 12079 27 by by IN 7960 12079 28 Nestorian nestorian JJ 7960 12079 29 missionaries missionary NNS 7960 12079 30 . . . 7960 12080 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 12080 2 6 6 CD 7960 12080 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 12080 4 Over over IN 7960 12080 5 them -PRON- PRP 7960 12080 6 reigned reign VBD 7960 12080 7 a a DT 7960 12080 8 priest priest NN 7960 12080 9 - - HYPH 7960 12080 10 king king NN 7960 12080 11 named name VBN 7960 12080 12 Prester Prester NNP 7960 12080 13 ( ( -LRB- 7960 12080 14 or or CC 7960 12080 15 Presbyter Presbyter NNP 7960 12080 16 ) ) -RRB- 7960 12080 17 John John NNP 7960 12080 18 . . . 7960 12081 1 The the DT 7960 12081 2 popes pope NNS 7960 12081 3 made make VBD 7960 12081 4 several several JJ 7960 12081 5 attempts attempt NNS 7960 12081 6 to to TO 7960 12081 7 communicate communicate VB 7960 12081 8 with with IN 7960 12081 9 this this DT 7960 12081 10 mythical mythical JJ 7960 12081 11 ruler ruler NN 7960 12081 12 . . . 7960 12082 1 In in IN 7960 12082 2 the the DT 7960 12082 3 thirteenth thirteenth JJ 7960 12082 4 century century NN 7960 12082 5 , , , 7960 12082 6 however however RB 7960 12082 7 , , , 7960 12082 8 Franciscan franciscan JJ 7960 12082 9 friars friar NNS 7960 12082 10 did do VBD 7960 12082 11 penetrate penetrate VB 7960 12082 12 to to IN 7960 12082 13 the the DT 7960 12082 14 heart heart NN 7960 12082 15 of of IN 7960 12082 16 Asia Asia NNP 7960 12082 17 . . . 7960 12083 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 12083 2 returned return VBD 7960 12083 3 to to IN 7960 12083 4 Europe Europe NNP 7960 12083 5 with with IN 7960 12083 6 marvelous marvelous JJ 7960 12083 7 tales tale NNS 7960 12083 8 of of IN 7960 12083 9 the the DT 7960 12083 10 wealth wealth NN 7960 12083 11 and and CC 7960 12083 12 splendor splendor NN 7960 12083 13 of of IN 7960 12083 14 the the DT 7960 12083 15 East East NNP 7960 12083 16 under under IN 7960 12083 17 the the DT 7960 12083 18 Mongol Mongol NNP 7960 12083 19 emperors emperor NNS 7960 12083 20 . . . 7960 12084 1 THE the DT 7960 12084 2 POLOS polos NN 7960 12084 3 IN in IN 7960 12084 4 THE the DT 7960 12084 5 EAST EAST NNP 7960 12084 6 , , , 7960 12084 7 1271 1271 CD 7960 12084 8 - - SYM 7960 12084 9 1295 1295 CD 7960 12084 10 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 12085 1 The the DT 7960 12085 2 most most RBS 7960 12085 3 famous famous JJ 7960 12085 4 of of IN 7960 12085 5 all all DT 7960 12085 6 medieval medieval JJ 7960 12085 7 travelers traveler NNS 7960 12085 8 were be VBD 7960 12085 9 Nicolo Nicolo NNP 7960 12085 10 and and CC 7960 12085 11 Maffeo Maffeo NNP 7960 12085 12 Polo Polo NNP 7960 12085 13 , , , 7960 12085 14 and and CC 7960 12085 15 Nicolo Nicolo NNP 7960 12085 16 's 's POS 7960 12085 17 son son NN 7960 12085 18 , , , 7960 12085 19 Marco Marco NNP 7960 12085 20 . . . 7960 12086 1 These these DT 7960 12086 2 Venetian venetian JJ 7960 12086 3 merchants merchant NNS 7960 12086 4 set set VBD 7960 12086 5 out out RP 7960 12086 6 for for IN 7960 12086 7 Asia Asia NNP 7960 12086 8 in in IN 7960 12086 9 1271 1271 CD 7960 12086 10 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 12086 11 , , , 7960 12086 12 and and CC 7960 12086 13 after after IN 7960 12086 14 an an DT 7960 12086 15 adventurous adventurous JJ 7960 12086 16 journey journey NN 7960 12086 17 reached reach VBD 7960 12086 18 the the DT 7960 12086 19 court court NN 7960 12086 20 of of IN 7960 12086 21 Kublai Kublai NNP 7960 12086 22 Khan Khan NNP 7960 12086 23 at at IN 7960 12086 24 Peking Peking NNP 7960 12086 25 . . . 7960 12087 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 12087 2 7 7 LS 7960 12087 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 12087 4 The the DT 7960 12087 5 Mongol Mongol NNP 7960 12087 6 ruler ruler NN 7960 12087 7 , , , 7960 12087 8 who who WP 7960 12087 9 seems seem VBZ 7960 12087 10 to to TO 7960 12087 11 have have VB 7960 12087 12 been be VBN 7960 12087 13 anxious anxious JJ 7960 12087 14 to to TO 7960 12087 15 introduce introduce VB 7960 12087 16 Christianity Christianity NNP 7960 12087 17 and and CC 7960 12087 18 European european JJ 7960 12087 19 culture culture NN 7960 12087 20 among among IN 7960 12087 21 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 12087 22 people people NNS 7960 12087 23 , , , 7960 12087 24 received receive VBD 7960 12087 25 them -PRON- PRP 7960 12087 26 in in IN 7960 12087 27 a a DT 7960 12087 28 friendly friendly JJ 7960 12087 29 manner manner NN 7960 12087 30 , , , 7960 12087 31 and and CC 7960 12087 32 they -PRON- PRP 7960 12087 33 amassed amass VBD 7960 12087 34 much much JJ 7960 12087 35 wealth wealth NN 7960 12087 36 by by IN 7960 12087 37 trade trade NN 7960 12087 38 . . . 7960 12088 1 Marco Marco NNP 7960 12088 2 entered enter VBD 7960 12088 3 the the DT 7960 12088 4 khan khan NNP 7960 12088 5 's 's POS 7960 12088 6 service service NN 7960 12088 7 and and CC 7960 12088 8 went go VBD 7960 12088 9 on on IN 7960 12088 10 several several JJ 7960 12088 11 expeditions expedition NNS 7960 12088 12 to to TO 7960 12088 13 distant distant VB 7960 12088 14 parts part NNS 7960 12088 15 of of IN 7960 12088 16 the the DT 7960 12088 17 Mongol Mongol NNP 7960 12088 18 realm realm NN 7960 12088 19 . . . 7960 12089 1 Many many JJ 7960 12089 2 years year NNS 7960 12089 3 passed pass VBD 7960 12089 4 before before IN 7960 12089 5 Kublai Kublai NNP 7960 12089 6 would would MD 7960 12089 7 allow allow VB 7960 12089 8 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 12089 9 useful useful JJ 7960 12089 10 guests guest NNS 7960 12089 11 to to TO 7960 12089 12 return return VB 7960 12089 13 to to IN 7960 12089 14 Europe Europe NNP 7960 12089 15 . . . 7960 12090 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 12090 2 sailed sail VBD 7960 12090 3 at at IN 7960 12090 4 length length NN 7960 12090 5 from from IN 7960 12090 6 Zaitun Zaitun NNP 7960 12090 7 , , , 7960 12090 8 a a DT 7960 12090 9 Chinese chinese JJ 7960 12090 10 seaport seaport NN 7960 12090 11 , , , 7960 12090 12 skirted skirt VBD 7960 12090 13 the the DT 7960 12090 14 coast coast NN 7960 12090 15 of of IN 7960 12090 16 southeastern southeastern JJ 7960 12090 17 Asia Asia NNP 7960 12090 18 and and CC 7960 12090 19 India India NNP 7960 12090 20 , , , 7960 12090 21 and and CC 7960 12090 22 then then RB 7960 12090 23 made make VBD 7960 12090 24 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 12090 25 way way NN 7960 12090 26 overland overland RB 7960 12090 27 to to IN 7960 12090 28 the the DT 7960 12090 29 Mediterranean Mediterranean NNP 7960 12090 30 . . . 7960 12091 1 When when WRB 7960 12091 2 the the DT 7960 12091 3 travelers traveler NNS 7960 12091 4 reached reach VBD 7960 12091 5 Venice Venice NNP 7960 12091 6 after after IN 7960 12091 7 an an DT 7960 12091 8 absence absence NN 7960 12091 9 of of IN 7960 12091 10 twenty twenty CD 7960 12091 11 - - HYPH 7960 12091 12 four four CD 7960 12091 13 years year NNS 7960 12091 14 , , , 7960 12091 15 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 12091 16 relatives relative NNS 7960 12091 17 were be VBD 7960 12091 18 slow slow JJ 7960 12091 19 to to TO 7960 12091 20 recognize recognize VB 7960 12091 21 in in IN 7960 12091 22 them -PRON- PRP 7960 12091 23 the the DT 7960 12091 24 long long RB 7960 12091 25 - - HYPH 7960 12091 26 lost lose VBN 7960 12091 27 Polos Polos NNP 7960 12091 28 . . . 7960 12092 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 12092 2 Illustration illustration NN 7960 12092 3 : : : 7960 12092 4 GEOGRAPHICAL geographical NN 7960 12092 5 KNOWLEDGE knowledge NN 7960 12092 6 DURING during IN 7960 12092 7 THE the DT 7960 12092 8 MIDDLE MIDDLE NNP 7960 12092 9 AGES AGES NNP 7960 12092 10 THE the DT 7960 12092 11 WORLD world NN 7960 12092 12 ACCORDING accord VBG 7960 12092 13 TO to IN 7960 12092 14 COSMAS COSMAS NNP 7960 12092 15 INDICOPLEUSTES indicopleuste NNS 7960 12092 16 , , , 7960 12092 17 535 535 CD 7960 12092 18 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 12093 1 THE the DT 7960 12093 2 HEREFORD HEREFORD NNP 7960 12093 3 MAP MAP NNP 7960 12093 4 , , , 7960 12093 5 1280 1280 CD 7960 12093 6 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 12093 7 ] ] -RRB- 7960 12093 8 MARCO MARCO NNP 7960 12093 9 POLO POLO NNP 7960 12093 10 'S 's NN 7960 12093 11 BOOK book NN 7960 12093 12 The the DT 7960 12093 13 story story NN 7960 12093 14 of of IN 7960 12093 15 the the DT 7960 12093 16 Polos Polos NNP 7960 12093 17 , , , 7960 12093 18 as as IN 7960 12093 19 written write VBN 7960 12093 20 down down RP 7960 12093 21 at at IN 7960 12093 22 Marco Marco NNP 7960 12093 23 's 's POS 7960 12093 24 dictation dictation NN 7960 12093 25 , , , 7960 12093 26 became become VBD 7960 12093 27 one one CD 7960 12093 28 of of IN 7960 12093 29 the the DT 7960 12093 30 most most RBS 7960 12093 31 popular popular JJ 7960 12093 32 works work NNS 7960 12093 33 of of IN 7960 12093 34 the the DT 7960 12093 35 Middle Middle NNP 7960 12093 36 Ages Ages NNPS 7960 12093 37 . . . 7960 12094 1 In in IN 7960 12094 2 this this DT 7960 12094 3 book book NN 7960 12094 4 Europe Europe NNP 7960 12094 5 read read VBD 7960 12094 6 of of IN 7960 12094 7 far far RB 7960 12094 8 Cathay Cathay NNP 7960 12094 9 ( ( -LRB- 7960 12094 10 China China NNP 7960 12094 11 ) ) -RRB- 7960 12094 12 , , , 7960 12094 13 with with IN 7960 12094 14 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 12094 15 wealth wealth NN 7960 12094 16 , , , 7960 12094 17 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 12094 18 huge huge JJ 7960 12094 19 cities city NNS 7960 12094 20 , , , 7960 12094 21 and and CC 7960 12094 22 swarming swarm VBG 7960 12094 23 population population NN 7960 12094 24 , , , 7960 12094 25 of of IN 7960 12094 26 mysterious mysterious JJ 7960 12094 27 and and CC 7960 12094 28 secluded seclude VBD 7960 12094 29 Tibet Tibet NNP 7960 12094 30 , , , 7960 12094 31 of of IN 7960 12094 32 Burma Burma NNP 7960 12094 33 , , , 7960 12094 34 Siam Siam NNP 7960 12094 35 , , , 7960 12094 36 and and CC 7960 12094 37 Cochin- Cochin- NNP 7960 12094 38 China China NNP 7960 12094 39 , , , 7960 12094 40 with with IN 7960 12094 41 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 12094 42 palaces palace NNS 7960 12094 43 and and CC 7960 12094 44 pagodas pagoda NNS 7960 12094 45 , , , 7960 12094 46 of of IN 7960 12094 47 the the DT 7960 12094 48 East East NNP 7960 12094 49 Indies Indies NNPS 7960 12094 50 , , , 7960 12094 51 famed fame VBN 7960 12094 52 for for IN 7960 12094 53 spices spice NNS 7960 12094 54 , , , 7960 12094 55 of of IN 7960 12094 56 Ceylon Ceylon NNP 7960 12094 57 , , , 7960 12094 58 abounding abound VBG 7960 12094 59 in in IN 7960 12094 60 pearls pearl NNS 7960 12094 61 , , , 7960 12094 62 and and CC 7960 12094 63 of of IN 7960 12094 64 India India NNP 7960 12094 65 , , , 7960 12094 66 little little RB 7960 12094 67 known know VBN 7960 12094 68 since since IN 7960 12094 69 the the DT 7960 12094 70 days day NNS 7960 12094 71 of of IN 7960 12094 72 Alexander Alexander NNP 7960 12094 73 the the DT 7960 12094 74 Great great JJ 7960 12094 75 . . . 7960 12095 1 Even even RB 7960 12095 2 Cipango Cipango NNP 7960 12095 3 ( ( -LRB- 7960 12095 4 Japan Japan NNP 7960 12095 5 ) ) -RRB- 7960 12095 6 Marco Marco NNP 7960 12095 7 described describe VBD 7960 12095 8 from from IN 7960 12095 9 hearsay hearsay NNP 7960 12095 10 as as IN 7960 12095 11 an an DT 7960 12095 12 island island NN 7960 12095 13 whose whose WP$ 7960 12095 14 people people NNS 7960 12095 15 were be VBD 7960 12095 16 white white JJ 7960 12095 17 , , , 7960 12095 18 civilized civilized JJ 7960 12095 19 , , , 7960 12095 20 and and CC 7960 12095 21 so so RB 7960 12095 22 rich rich JJ 7960 12095 23 in in IN 7960 12095 24 gold gold NN 7960 12095 25 that that WDT 7960 12095 26 the the DT 7960 12095 27 royal royal JJ 7960 12095 28 palace palace NN 7960 12095 29 was be VBD 7960 12095 30 roofed roof VBN 7960 12095 31 and and CC 7960 12095 32 paved pave VBN 7960 12095 33 with with IN 7960 12095 34 that that DT 7960 12095 35 metal metal NN 7960 12095 36 . . . 7960 12096 1 The the DT 7960 12096 2 accounts account NNS 7960 12096 3 of of IN 7960 12096 4 these these DT 7960 12096 5 countries country NNS 7960 12096 6 naturally naturally RB 7960 12096 7 made make VBD 7960 12096 8 Europeans Europeans NNPS 7960 12096 9 more more RBR 7960 12096 10 eager eager JJ 7960 12096 11 than than IN 7960 12096 12 ever ever RB 7960 12096 13 to to TO 7960 12096 14 reach reach VB 7960 12096 15 the the DT 7960 12096 16 East East NNP 7960 12096 17 . . . 7960 12097 1 219 219 CD 7960 12097 2 . . . 7960 12098 1 AIDS AIDS NNP 7960 12098 2 TO to TO 7960 12098 3 EXPLORATION exploration VB 7960 12098 4 THE the DT 7960 12098 5 COMPASS COMPASS NNP 7960 12098 6 The the DT 7960 12098 7 new new JJ 7960 12098 8 knowledge knowledge NN 7960 12098 9 gained gain VBN 7960 12098 10 by by IN 7960 12098 11 European european JJ 7960 12098 12 peoples people NNS 7960 12098 13 about about IN 7960 12098 14 the the DT 7960 12098 15 land land NN 7960 12098 16 routes route NNS 7960 12098 17 of of IN 7960 12098 18 Asia Asia NNP 7960 12098 19 was be VBD 7960 12098 20 accompanied accompany VBN 7960 12098 21 by by IN 7960 12098 22 much much JJ 7960 12098 23 progress progress NN 7960 12098 24 in in IN 7960 12098 25 the the DT 7960 12098 26 art art NN 7960 12098 27 of of IN 7960 12098 28 ocean ocean NN 7960 12098 29 navigation navigation NN 7960 12098 30 . . . 7960 12099 1 First first RB 7960 12099 2 in in IN 7960 12099 3 importance importance NN 7960 12099 4 came come VBD 7960 12099 5 the the DT 7960 12099 6 compass compass NN 7960 12099 7 to to TO 7960 12099 8 guide guide VB 7960 12099 9 explorers explorer NNS 7960 12099 10 across across IN 7960 12099 11 the the DT 7960 12099 12 waters water NNS 7960 12099 13 of of IN 7960 12099 14 the the DT 7960 12099 15 world world NN 7960 12099 16 . . . 7960 12100 1 The the DT 7960 12100 2 Chinese Chinese NNPS 7960 12100 3 appear appear VBP 7960 12100 4 to to TO 7960 12100 5 have have VB 7960 12100 6 discovered discover VBN 7960 12100 7 that that IN 7960 12100 8 a a DT 7960 12100 9 needle needle NN 7960 12100 10 , , , 7960 12100 11 when when WRB 7960 12100 12 rubbed rub VBN 7960 12100 13 with with IN 7960 12100 14 a a DT 7960 12100 15 lodestone lodestone NN 7960 12100 16 , , , 7960 12100 17 has have VBZ 7960 12100 18 the the DT 7960 12100 19 mysterious mysterious JJ 7960 12100 20 power power NN 7960 12100 21 of of IN 7960 12100 22 pointing point VBG 7960 12100 23 to to IN 7960 12100 24 the the DT 7960 12100 25 north north NN 7960 12100 26 . . . 7960 12101 1 The the DT 7960 12101 2 Arabs Arabs NNPS 7960 12101 3 may may MD 7960 12101 4 have have VB 7960 12101 5 introduced introduce VBN 7960 12101 6 this this DT 7960 12101 7 rude rude JJ 7960 12101 8 form form NN 7960 12101 9 of of IN 7960 12101 10 the the DT 7960 12101 11 compass compass NN 7960 12101 12 among among IN 7960 12101 13 Mediterranean Mediterranean NNP 7960 12101 14 sailors sailor NNS 7960 12101 15 . . . 7960 12102 1 The the DT 7960 12102 2 instrument instrument NN 7960 12102 3 , , , 7960 12102 4 improved improve VBN 7960 12102 5 by by IN 7960 12102 6 being be VBG 7960 12102 7 balanced balance VBN 7960 12102 8 on on IN 7960 12102 9 a a DT 7960 12102 10 pivot pivot NN 7960 12102 11 so so IN 7960 12102 12 that that IN 7960 12102 13 it -PRON- PRP 7960 12102 14 would would MD 7960 12102 15 not not RB 7960 12102 16 be be VB 7960 12102 17 affected affect VBN 7960 12102 18 by by IN 7960 12102 19 choppy choppy JJ 7960 12102 20 seas sea NNS 7960 12102 21 , , , 7960 12102 22 seems seem VBZ 7960 12102 23 to to TO 7960 12102 24 have have VB 7960 12102 25 been be VBN 7960 12102 26 generally generally RB 7960 12102 27 used use VBN 7960 12102 28 by by IN 7960 12102 29 Europeans Europeans NNPS 7960 12102 30 as as RB 7960 12102 31 early early RB 7960 12102 32 as as IN 7960 12102 33 the the DT 7960 12102 34 thirteenth thirteenth JJ 7960 12102 35 century century NN 7960 12102 36 . . . 7960 12103 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 12103 2 greatly greatly RB 7960 12103 3 aided aid VBD 7960 12103 4 sailors sailor NNS 7960 12103 5 by by IN 7960 12103 6 enabling enable VBG 7960 12103 7 them -PRON- PRP 7960 12103 8 to to TO 7960 12103 9 find find VB 7960 12103 10 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 12103 11 bearings bearing NNS 7960 12103 12 in in IN 7960 12103 13 murky murky JJ 7960 12103 14 weather weather NN 7960 12103 15 and and CC 7960 12103 16 on on IN 7960 12103 17 starless starless NN 7960 12103 18 nights night NNS 7960 12103 19 . . . 7960 12104 1 The the DT 7960 12104 2 compass compass NN 7960 12104 3 , , , 7960 12104 4 though though IN 7960 12104 5 useful useful JJ 7960 12104 6 , , , 7960 12104 7 was be VBD 7960 12104 8 not not RB 7960 12104 9 indispensable indispensable JJ 7960 12104 10 ; ; : 7960 12104 11 without without IN 7960 12104 12 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 12104 13 help help NN 7960 12104 14 the the DT 7960 12104 15 Northmen Northmen NNP 7960 12104 16 had have VBD 7960 12104 17 made make VBN 7960 12104 18 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 12104 19 distant distant JJ 7960 12104 20 expeditions expedition NNS 7960 12104 21 in in IN 7960 12104 22 the the DT 7960 12104 23 Atlantic Atlantic NNP 7960 12104 24 . . . 7960 12105 1 NAUTICAL NAUTICAL NNP 7960 12105 2 INSTRUMENTS INSTRUMENTS NNP 7960 12105 3 The the DT 7960 12105 4 astrolabe astrolabe NN 7960 12105 5 , , , 7960 12105 6 which which WDT 7960 12105 7 the the DT 7960 12105 8 Greeks Greeks NNPS 7960 12105 9 had have VBD 7960 12105 10 invented invent VBN 7960 12105 11 and and CC 7960 12105 12 used use VBN 7960 12105 13 for for IN 7960 12105 14 astronomical astronomical JJ 7960 12105 15 purposes purpose NNS 7960 12105 16 , , , 7960 12105 17 also also RB 7960 12105 18 came come VBD 7960 12105 19 into into IN 7960 12105 20 Europe Europe NNP 7960 12105 21 through through IN 7960 12105 22 the the DT 7960 12105 23 Arabs Arabs NNPS 7960 12105 24 . . . 7960 12106 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 12106 2 was be VBD 7960 12106 3 employed employ VBN 7960 12106 4 to to TO 7960 12106 5 calculate calculate VB 7960 12106 6 latitudes latitude NNS 7960 12106 7 by by IN 7960 12106 8 observation observation NN 7960 12106 9 of of IN 7960 12106 10 the the DT 7960 12106 11 height height NN 7960 12106 12 of of IN 7960 12106 13 the the DT 7960 12106 14 sun sun NN 7960 12106 15 above above IN 7960 12106 16 the the DT 7960 12106 17 horizon horizon NN 7960 12106 18 . . . 7960 12107 1 Other other JJ 7960 12107 2 instruments instrument NNS 7960 12107 3 that that WDT 7960 12107 4 found find VBD 7960 12107 5 a a DT 7960 12107 6 place place NN 7960 12107 7 on on IN 7960 12107 8 shipboard shipboard NNP 7960 12107 9 were be VBD 7960 12107 10 the the DT 7960 12107 11 hour- hour- JJ 7960 12107 12 glass glass NN 7960 12107 13 , , , 7960 12107 14 minute minute NN 7960 12107 15 - - HYPH 7960 12107 16 glass glass NN 7960 12107 17 , , , 7960 12107 18 and and CC 7960 12107 19 sun sun NN 7960 12107 20 - - HYPH 7960 12107 21 dial dial NN 7960 12107 22 . . . 7960 12108 1 A a DT 7960 12108 2 rude rude JJ 7960 12108 3 form form NN 7960 12108 4 of of IN 7960 12108 5 the the DT 7960 12108 6 log log NN 7960 12108 7 was be VBD 7960 12108 8 used use VBN 7960 12108 9 as as IN 7960 12108 10 a a DT 7960 12108 11 means means NN 7960 12108 12 of of IN 7960 12108 13 estimating estimate VBG 7960 12108 14 the the DT 7960 12108 15 speed speed NN 7960 12108 16 of of IN 7960 12108 17 a a DT 7960 12108 18 vessel vessel NN 7960 12108 19 , , , 7960 12108 20 and and CC 7960 12108 21 so so RB 7960 12108 22 of of IN 7960 12108 23 finding find VBG 7960 12108 24 roughly roughly RB 7960 12108 25 the the DT 7960 12108 26 longitude longitude NN 7960 12108 27 . . . 7960 12109 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 12109 2 Illustration illustration NN 7960 12109 3 : : : 7960 12109 4 AN an DT 7960 12109 5 ASTROLABE astrolabe NN 7960 12109 6 ] ] -RRB- 7960 12109 7 OTHER other JJ 7960 12109 8 IMPROVEMENTS improvement NNS 7960 12109 9 IN in IN 7960 12109 10 NAVIGATION NAVIGATION NNP 7960 12109 11 During during IN 7960 12109 12 the the DT 7960 12109 13 last last JJ 7960 12109 14 centuries century NNS 7960 12109 15 of of IN 7960 12109 16 the the DT 7960 12109 17 Middle Middle NNP 7960 12109 18 Ages Ages NNP 7960 12109 19 the the DT 7960 12109 20 charting charting NN 7960 12109 21 of of IN 7960 12109 22 coasts coast NNS 7960 12109 23 became become VBD 7960 12109 24 a a DT 7960 12109 25 science science NN 7960 12109 26 . . . 7960 12110 1 A a DT 7960 12110 2 sailor sailor NN 7960 12110 3 might may MD 7960 12110 4 rely rely VB 7960 12110 5 on on IN 7960 12110 6 the the DT 7960 12110 7 " " `` 7960 12110 8 handy handy JJ 7960 12110 9 maps map NNS 7960 12110 10 " " '' 7960 12110 11 ( ( -LRB- 7960 12110 12 _ _ NNP 7960 12110 13 portolani portolani NNP 7960 12110 14 _ _ NNP 7960 12110 15 ) ) -RRB- 7960 12110 16 which which WDT 7960 12110 17 outlined outline VBD 7960 12110 18 with with IN 7960 12110 19 some some DT 7960 12110 20 approach approach NN 7960 12110 21 to to TO 7960 12110 22 accuracy accuracy VB 7960 12110 23 the the DT 7960 12110 24 bays bay NNS 7960 12110 25 , , , 7960 12110 26 islands island NNS 7960 12110 27 , , , 7960 12110 28 and and CC 7960 12110 29 headlands headland NNS 7960 12110 30 of of IN 7960 12110 31 the the DT 7960 12110 32 Mediterranean Mediterranean NNP 7960 12110 33 and and CC 7960 12110 34 adjacent adjacent JJ 7960 12110 35 waters water NNS 7960 12110 36 . . . 7960 12111 1 Manuals manual NNS 7960 12111 2 were be VBD 7960 12111 3 prepared prepare VBN 7960 12111 4 telling tell VBG 7960 12111 5 the the DT 7960 12111 6 manner manner NN 7960 12111 7 about about IN 7960 12111 8 the the DT 7960 12111 9 tides tide NNS 7960 12111 10 , , , 7960 12111 11 currents current NNS 7960 12111 12 , , , 7960 12111 13 and and CC 7960 12111 14 other other JJ 7960 12111 15 features feature NNS 7960 12111 16 of of IN 7960 12111 17 the the DT 7960 12111 18 route route NN 7960 12111 19 he -PRON- PRP 7960 12111 20 intended intend VBD 7960 12111 21 to to TO 7960 12111 22 follow follow VB 7960 12111 23 . . . 7960 12112 1 The the DT 7960 12112 2 increase increase NN 7960 12112 3 in in IN 7960 12112 4 size size NN 7960 12112 5 of of IN 7960 12112 6 ships ship NNS 7960 12112 7 made make VBD 7960 12112 8 navigation navigation NN 7960 12112 9 safer safe JJR 7960 12112 10 and and CC 7960 12112 11 permitted permit VBD 7960 12112 12 the the DT 7960 12112 13 storage storage NN 7960 12112 14 of of IN 7960 12112 15 bulky bulky JJ 7960 12112 16 cargoes cargo NNS 7960 12112 17 . . . 7960 12113 1 For for IN 7960 12113 2 long long JJ 7960 12113 3 voyages voyage NNS 7960 12113 4 the the DT 7960 12113 5 sailing sailing NN 7960 12113 6 vessel vessel NN 7960 12113 7 replaced replace VBD 7960 12113 8 the the DT 7960 12113 9 medieval medieval JJ 7960 12113 10 galley galley NN 7960 12113 11 rowed row VBN 7960 12113 12 by by IN 7960 12113 13 oars oar NNS 7960 12113 14 . . . 7960 12114 1 As as IN 7960 12114 2 the the DT 7960 12114 3 result result NN 7960 12114 4 of of IN 7960 12114 5 all all PDT 7960 12114 6 these these DT 7960 12114 7 improvements improvement NNS 7960 12114 8 navigators navigator NNS 7960 12114 9 no no RB 7960 12114 10 longer long RBR 7960 12114 11 found find VBD 7960 12114 12 it -PRON- PRP 7960 12114 13 necessary necessary JJ 7960 12114 14 to to TO 7960 12114 15 keep keep VB 7960 12114 16 close close RB 7960 12114 17 to to IN 7960 12114 18 the the DT 7960 12114 19 shore shore NN 7960 12114 20 , , , 7960 12114 21 but but CC 7960 12114 22 could could MD 7960 12114 23 push push VB 7960 12114 24 out out RP 7960 12114 25 dauntlessly dauntlessly RB 7960 12114 26 into into IN 7960 12114 27 the the DT 7960 12114 28 open open JJ 7960 12114 29 sea sea NN 7960 12114 30 . . . 7960 12115 1 MOTIVES MOTIVES NNP 7960 12115 2 FOR for IN 7960 12115 3 EXPLORATION exploration NN 7960 12115 4 Many many JJ 7960 12115 5 motives motive NNS 7960 12115 6 prompted prompt VBD 7960 12115 7 exploration exploration NN 7960 12115 8 . . . 7960 12116 1 Scientific scientific JJ 7960 12116 2 curiosity curiosity NN 7960 12116 3 , , , 7960 12116 4 bred breed VBN 7960 12116 5 of of IN 7960 12116 6 the the DT 7960 12116 7 Renaissance Renaissance NNP 7960 12116 8 spirit spirit NN 7960 12116 9 of of IN 7960 12116 10 free free JJ 7960 12116 11 inquiry inquiry NN 7960 12116 12 , , , 7960 12116 13 led lead VBD 7960 12116 14 men man NNS 7960 12116 15 to to TO 7960 12116 16 set set VB 7960 12116 17 forth forth RP 7960 12116 18 on on IN 7960 12116 19 voyages voyage NNS 7960 12116 20 of of IN 7960 12116 21 discovery discovery NN 7960 12116 22 . . . 7960 12117 1 The the DT 7960 12117 2 crusading crusading NN 7960 12117 3 spirit spirit NN 7960 12117 4 , , , 7960 12117 5 which which WDT 7960 12117 6 had have VBD 7960 12117 7 not not RB 7960 12117 8 died die VBN 7960 12117 9 out out RP 7960 12117 10 in in IN 7960 12117 11 Europe Europe NNP 7960 12117 12 , , , 7960 12117 13 thrilled thrill VBN 7960 12117 14 at at IN 7960 12117 15 the the DT 7960 12117 16 thought thought NN 7960 12117 17 of of IN 7960 12117 18 spreading spread VBG 7960 12117 19 Christianity Christianity NNP 7960 12117 20 among among IN 7960 12117 21 heathen heathen NNP 7960 12117 22 peoples people NNS 7960 12117 23 . . . 7960 12118 1 And and CC 7960 12118 2 in in IN 7960 12118 3 this this DT 7960 12118 4 age age NN 7960 12118 5 , , , 7960 12118 6 as as IN 7960 12118 7 in in IN 7960 12118 8 all all DT 7960 12118 9 epochs epoch NNS 7960 12118 10 of of IN 7960 12118 11 exploration exploration NN 7960 12118 12 , , , 7960 12118 13 adventurers adventurer NNS 7960 12118 14 sought seek VBD 7960 12118 15 in in IN 7960 12118 16 distant distant JJ 7960 12118 17 lands land NNS 7960 12118 18 opportunities opportunity NNS 7960 12118 19 to to TO 7960 12118 20 acquire acquire VB 7960 12118 21 wealth wealth NN 7960 12118 22 and and CC 7960 12118 23 fame fame NN 7960 12118 24 and and CC 7960 12118 25 power power NN 7960 12118 26 . . . 7960 12119 1 THE the DT 7960 12119 2 COMMERCIAL COMMERCIAL NNP 7960 12119 3 MOTIVE MOTIVE NNP 7960 12119 4 Commerce commerce NN 7960 12119 5 formed form VBD 7960 12119 6 perhaps perhaps RB 7960 12119 7 the the DT 7960 12119 8 most most RBS 7960 12119 9 powerful powerful JJ 7960 12119 10 motive motive NN 7960 12119 11 for for IN 7960 12119 12 exploration exploration NN 7960 12119 13 . . . 7960 12120 1 Eastern eastern JJ 7960 12120 2 spices spice NNS 7960 12120 3 -- -- : 7960 12120 4 cinnamon cinnamon NN 7960 12120 5 , , , 7960 12120 6 pepper pepper NN 7960 12120 7 , , , 7960 12120 8 cloves clove NNS 7960 12120 9 , , , 7960 12120 10 nutmeg nutmeg NNP 7960 12120 11 , , , 7960 12120 12 and and CC 7960 12120 13 ginger ginger NN 7960 12120 14 -- -- : 7960 12120 15 were be VBD 7960 12120 16 used use VBN 7960 12120 17 more more RBR 7960 12120 18 freely freely RB 7960 12120 19 in in IN 7960 12120 20 medieval medieval JJ 7960 12120 21 times time NNS 7960 12120 22 than than IN 7960 12120 23 now now RB 7960 12120 24 , , , 7960 12120 25 when when WRB 7960 12120 26 people people NNS 7960 12120 27 lived live VBD 7960 12120 28 on on IN 7960 12120 29 salt salt NN 7960 12120 30 meat meat NN 7960 12120 31 during during IN 7960 12120 32 the the DT 7960 12120 33 winter winter NN 7960 12120 34 and and CC 7960 12120 35 salt salt NN 7960 12120 36 fish fish NN 7960 12120 37 during during IN 7960 12120 38 Lent Lent NNP 7960 12120 39 . . . 7960 12121 1 Even even RB 7960 12121 2 wine wine NN 7960 12121 3 , , , 7960 12121 4 ale ale NN 7960 12121 5 , , , 7960 12121 6 and and CC 7960 12121 7 medicines medicine NNS 7960 12121 8 had have VBD 7960 12121 9 a a DT 7960 12121 10 seasoning seasoning NN 7960 12121 11 of of IN 7960 12121 12 spices spice NNS 7960 12121 13 . . . 7960 12122 1 When when WRB 7960 12122 2 John John NNP 7960 12122 3 Ball Ball NNP 7960 12122 4 [ [ -LRB- 7960 12122 5 8 8 CD 7960 12122 6 ] ] -RRB- 7960 12122 7 wished wish VBD 7960 12122 8 to to TO 7960 12122 9 contrast contrast VB 7960 12122 10 the the DT 7960 12122 11 easy easy JJ 7960 12122 12 life life NN 7960 12122 13 of of IN 7960 12122 14 the the DT 7960 12122 15 lords lord NNS 7960 12122 16 with with IN 7960 12122 17 the the DT 7960 12122 18 peasants peasant NNS 7960 12122 19 ' ' POS 7960 12122 20 hard hard JJ 7960 12122 21 lot lot NN 7960 12122 22 , , , 7960 12122 23 he -PRON- PRP 7960 12122 24 said say VBD 7960 12122 25 , , , 7960 12122 26 " " `` 7960 12122 27 They -PRON- PRP 7960 12122 28 have have VBP 7960 12122 29 wines wine NNS 7960 12122 30 , , , 7960 12122 31 spices spice NNS 7960 12122 32 , , , 7960 12122 33 and and CC 7960 12122 34 fine fine JJ 7960 12122 35 bread bread NN 7960 12122 36 , , , 7960 12122 37 while while IN 7960 12122 38 we -PRON- PRP 7960 12122 39 have have VBP 7960 12122 40 only only RB 7960 12122 41 rye rye NN 7960 12122 42 and and CC 7960 12122 43 the the DT 7960 12122 44 refuse refuse NN 7960 12122 45 of of IN 7960 12122 46 the the DT 7960 12122 47 straw straw NN 7960 12122 48 . . . 7960 12122 49 " " '' 7960 12123 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 12123 2 9 9 CD 7960 12123 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 12123 4 Besides besides IN 7960 12123 5 spices spice NNS 7960 12123 6 , , , 7960 12123 7 all all DT 7960 12123 8 kinds kind NNS 7960 12123 9 of of IN 7960 12123 10 precious precious JJ 7960 12123 11 stones stone NNS 7960 12123 12 , , , 7960 12123 13 drugs drug NNS 7960 12123 14 , , , 7960 12123 15 perfumes perfume NNS 7960 12123 16 , , , 7960 12123 17 gums gum NNS 7960 12123 18 , , , 7960 12123 19 dyes dye NNS 7960 12123 20 , , , 7960 12123 21 and and CC 7960 12123 22 fragrant fragrant JJ 7960 12123 23 woods wood NNS 7960 12123 24 came come VBD 7960 12123 25 from from IN 7960 12123 26 the the DT 7960 12123 27 East East NNP 7960 12123 28 . . . 7960 12124 1 Since since IN 7960 12124 2 the the DT 7960 12124 3 time time NN 7960 12124 4 of of IN 7960 12124 5 the the DT 7960 12124 6 crusades crusade NNS 7960 12124 7 these these DT 7960 12124 8 luxuries luxury NNS 7960 12124 9 , , , 7960 12124 10 after after IN 7960 12124 11 having have VBG 7960 12124 12 been be VBN 7960 12124 13 brought bring VBN 7960 12124 14 overland overland RP 7960 12124 15 by by IN 7960 12124 16 water water NN 7960 12124 17 to to IN 7960 12124 18 Mediterranean Mediterranean NNP 7960 12124 19 ports port NNS 7960 12124 20 , , , 7960 12124 21 had have VBD 7960 12124 22 been be VBN 7960 12124 23 distributed distribute VBN 7960 12124 24 by by IN 7960 12124 25 Venetian venetian JJ 7960 12124 26 and and CC 7960 12124 27 Genoese genoese JJ 7960 12124 28 merchants merchant NNS 7960 12124 29 throughout throughout IN 7960 12124 30 Europe Europe NNP 7960 12124 31 . . . 7960 12125 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 12125 2 10 10 CD 7960 12125 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 12125 4 But but CC 7960 12125 5 now now RB 7960 12125 6 in in IN 7960 12125 7 the the DT 7960 12125 8 fifteenth fifteenth JJ 7960 12125 9 century century NN 7960 12125 10 two two CD 7960 12125 11 other other JJ 7960 12125 12 European european JJ 7960 12125 13 peoples people NNS 7960 12125 14 -- -- : 7960 12125 15 the the DT 7960 12125 16 Portuguese Portuguese NNPS 7960 12125 17 and and CC 7960 12125 18 Spaniards Spaniards NNPS 7960 12125 19 -- -- : 7960 12125 20 appeared appear VBD 7960 12125 21 as as IN 7960 12125 22 competitors competitor NNS 7960 12125 23 for for IN 7960 12125 24 this this DT 7960 12125 25 Oriental oriental JJ 7960 12125 26 trade trade NN 7960 12125 27 . . . 7960 12126 1 Their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 12126 2 efforts effort NNS 7960 12126 3 to to TO 7960 12126 4 break break VB 7960 12126 5 through through IN 7960 12126 6 the the DT 7960 12126 7 monopoly monopoly NN 7960 12126 8 enjoyed enjoy VBN 7960 12126 9 by by IN 7960 12126 10 the the DT 7960 12126 11 Italian italian JJ 7960 12126 12 cities city NNS 7960 12126 13 led lead VBD 7960 12126 14 to to IN 7960 12126 15 the the DT 7960 12126 16 discovery discovery NN 7960 12126 17 of of IN 7960 12126 18 the the DT 7960 12126 19 sea sea NN 7960 12126 20 routes route NNS 7960 12126 21 to to IN 7960 12126 22 the the DT 7960 12126 23 Indies Indies NNPS 7960 12126 24 . . . 7960 12127 1 The the DT 7960 12127 2 Portuguese Portuguese NNPS 7960 12127 3 were be VBD 7960 12127 4 first first JJ 7960 12127 5 in in IN 7960 12127 6 the the DT 7960 12127 7 field field NN 7960 12127 8 . . . 7960 12128 1 220 220 CD 7960 12128 2 . . . 7960 12129 1 TO to IN 7960 12129 2 THE the DT 7960 12129 3 INDIES INDIES NNP 7960 12129 4 EASTWARD EASTWARD NNP 7960 12129 5 : : : 7960 12129 6 PRINCE PRINCE NNP 7960 12129 7 HENRY HENRY NNP 7960 12129 8 AND and CC 7960 12129 9 DA DA NNP 7960 12129 10 GAMA gama NN 7960 12129 11 PRINCE PRINCE NNP 7960 12129 12 HENRY HENRY NNP 7960 12129 13 THE the DT 7960 12129 14 NAVIGATOR NAVIGATOR NNP 7960 12129 15 , , , 7960 12129 16 1394 1394 CD 7960 12129 17 - - SYM 7960 12129 18 1460 1460 CD 7960 12129 19 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 12130 1 In in IN 7960 12130 2 the the DT 7960 12130 3 history history NN 7960 12130 4 of of IN 7960 12130 5 the the DT 7960 12130 6 fifteenth fifteenth JJ 7960 12130 7 century century NN 7960 12130 8 few few JJ 7960 12130 9 names name NNS 7960 12130 10 rank rank VBP 7960 12130 11 higher high JJR 7960 12130 12 than than IN 7960 12130 13 that that DT 7960 12130 14 of of IN 7960 12130 15 Prince Prince NNP 7960 12130 16 Henry Henry NNP 7960 12130 17 , , , 7960 12130 18 commonly commonly RB 7960 12130 19 called call VBN 7960 12130 20 the the DT 7960 12130 21 Navigator Navigator NNP 7960 12130 22 , , , 7960 12130 23 because because IN 7960 12130 24 of of IN 7960 12130 25 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 12130 26 services service NNS 7960 12130 27 to to IN 7960 12130 28 the the DT 7960 12130 29 cause cause NN 7960 12130 30 of of IN 7960 12130 31 exploration exploration NN 7960 12130 32 . . . 7960 12131 1 The the DT 7960 12131 2 son son NN 7960 12131 3 of of IN 7960 12131 4 a a DT 7960 12131 5 Portuguese portuguese JJ 7960 12131 6 king king NN 7960 12131 7 , , , 7960 12131 8 he -PRON- PRP 7960 12131 9 devoted devote VBD 7960 12131 10 himself -PRON- PRP 7960 12131 11 during during IN 7960 12131 12 more more JJR 7960 12131 13 than than IN 7960 12131 14 forty forty CD 7960 12131 15 years year NNS 7960 12131 16 to to IN 7960 12131 17 organizing organize VBG 7960 12131 18 scientific scientific JJ 7960 12131 19 discovery discovery NN 7960 12131 20 . . . 7960 12132 1 Under under IN 7960 12132 2 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 12132 3 direction direction NN 7960 12132 4 better well JJR 7960 12132 5 maps map NNS 7960 12132 6 were be VBD 7960 12132 7 made make VBN 7960 12132 8 , , , 7960 12132 9 the the DT 7960 12132 10 astrolabe astrolabe NN 7960 12132 11 was be VBD 7960 12132 12 improved improve VBN 7960 12132 13 , , , 7960 12132 14 the the DT 7960 12132 15 compass compass NN 7960 12132 16 was be VBD 7960 12132 17 placed place VBN 7960 12132 18 on on IN 7960 12132 19 vessels vessel NNS 7960 12132 20 , , , 7960 12132 21 and and CC 7960 12132 22 seamen seaman NNS 7960 12132 23 were be VBD 7960 12132 24 instructed instruct VBN 7960 12132 25 in in IN 7960 12132 26 all all PDT 7960 12132 27 the the DT 7960 12132 28 nautical nautical JJ 7960 12132 29 learning learning NN 7960 12132 30 of of IN 7960 12132 31 the the DT 7960 12132 32 time time NN 7960 12132 33 . . . 7960 12133 1 The the DT 7960 12133 2 problem problem NN 7960 12133 3 which which WDT 7960 12133 4 Prince Prince NNP 7960 12133 5 Henry Henry NNP 7960 12133 6 studied study VBD 7960 12133 7 and and CC 7960 12133 8 which which WDT 7960 12133 9 Portuguese portuguese JJ 7960 12133 10 sailors sailor NNS 7960 12133 11 finally finally RB 7960 12133 12 solved solve VBD 7960 12133 13 was be VBD 7960 12133 14 the the DT 7960 12133 15 possibility possibility NN 7960 12133 16 of of IN 7960 12133 17 a a DT 7960 12133 18 maritime maritime JJ 7960 12133 19 route route NN 7960 12133 20 around around IN 7960 12133 21 Africa Africa NNP 7960 12133 22 to to IN 7960 12133 23 the the DT 7960 12133 24 Indies Indies NNPS 7960 12133 25 . . . 7960 12134 1 EXPLORATION exploration NN 7960 12134 2 OF of IN 7960 12134 3 THE the DT 7960 12134 4 AFRICAN AFRICAN NNP 7960 12134 5 COAST COAST NNP 7960 12134 6 The the DT 7960 12134 7 expeditions expedition NNS 7960 12134 8 sent send VBN 7960 12134 9 out out RP 7960 12134 10 by by IN 7960 12134 11 Prince Prince NNP 7960 12134 12 Henry Henry NNP 7960 12134 13 began begin VBD 7960 12134 14 by by IN 7960 12134 15 rediscovering rediscover VBG 7960 12134 16 the the DT 7960 12134 17 Madeira Madeira NNP 7960 12134 18 and and CC 7960 12134 19 Azores Azores NNPS 7960 12134 20 Islands Islands NNPS 7960 12134 21 , , , 7960 12134 22 first first RB 7960 12134 23 visited visit VBN 7960 12134 24 by by IN 7960 12134 25 Europeans Europeans NNPS 7960 12134 26 in in IN 7960 12134 27 the the DT 7960 12134 28 fourteenth fourteenth JJ 7960 12134 29 century century NN 7960 12134 30 . . . 7960 12135 1 Then then RB 7960 12135 2 the the DT 7960 12135 3 Portuguese Portuguese NNPS 7960 12135 4 turned turn VBD 7960 12135 5 southward southward RB 7960 12135 6 along along IN 7960 12135 7 the the DT 7960 12135 8 unchartered unchartered JJ 7960 12135 9 African african JJ 7960 12135 10 coast coast NN 7960 12135 11 . . . 7960 12136 1 In in IN 7960 12136 2 1445 1445 CD 7960 12136 3 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 12136 4 they -PRON- PRP 7960 12136 5 got get VBD 7960 12136 6 as as RB 7960 12136 7 far far RB 7960 12136 8 as as IN 7960 12136 9 Cape Cape NNP 7960 12136 10 Verde Verde NNP 7960 12136 11 , , , 7960 12136 12 or or CC 7960 12136 13 " " `` 7960 12136 14 Green Green NNP 7960 12136 15 Cape Cape NNP 7960 12136 16 , , , 7960 12136 17 " " '' 7960 12136 18 so so RB 7960 12136 19 called call VBD 7960 12136 20 because because IN 7960 12136 21 of of IN 7960 12136 22 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 12136 23 luxuriant luxuriant JJ 7960 12136 24 vegetation vegetation NN 7960 12136 25 . . . 7960 12137 1 The the DT 7960 12137 2 discovery discovery NN 7960 12137 3 was be VBD 7960 12137 4 important important JJ 7960 12137 5 , , , 7960 12137 6 for for IN 7960 12137 7 it -PRON- PRP 7960 12137 8 disposed dispose VBN 7960 12137 9 of of IN 7960 12137 10 the the DT 7960 12137 11 idea idea NN 7960 12137 12 that that IN 7960 12137 13 the the DT 7960 12137 14 Sahara Sahara NNP 7960 12137 15 desert desert NN 7960 12137 16 extended extend VBD 7960 12137 17 indefinitely indefinitely RB 7960 12137 18 to to IN 7960 12137 19 the the DT 7960 12137 20 south south NN 7960 12137 21 . . . 7960 12138 1 Sierra Sierra NNP 7960 12138 2 Leone Leone NNP 7960 12138 3 , , , 7960 12138 4 which which WDT 7960 12138 5 the the DT 7960 12138 6 Carthaginian Carthaginian NNP 7960 12138 7 Hanno Hanno NNP 7960 12138 8 [ [ -LRB- 7960 12138 9 11 11 CD 7960 12138 10 ] ] -RRB- 7960 12138 11 had have VBD 7960 12138 12 probably probably RB 7960 12138 13 visited visit VBN 7960 12138 14 , , , 7960 12138 15 was be VBD 7960 12138 16 reached reach VBN 7960 12138 17 in in IN 7960 12138 18 1462 1462 CD 7960 12138 19 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 12138 20 , , , 7960 12138 21 two two CD 7960 12138 22 years year NNS 7960 12138 23 after after IN 7960 12138 24 Prince Prince NNP 7960 12138 25 Henry Henry NNP 7960 12138 26 's 's POS 7960 12138 27 death death NN 7960 12138 28 . . . 7960 12139 1 Soon soon RB 7960 12139 2 Portuguese portuguese JJ 7960 12139 3 sailors sailor NNS 7960 12139 4 found find VBD 7960 12139 5 the the DT 7960 12139 6 great great JJ 7960 12139 7 bend bend NN 7960 12139 8 of of IN 7960 12139 9 the the DT 7960 12139 10 African african JJ 7960 12139 11 coast coast NN 7960 12139 12 formed form VBN 7960 12139 13 by by IN 7960 12139 14 the the DT 7960 12139 15 gulf gulf NNP 7960 12139 16 of of IN 7960 12139 17 Guinea Guinea NNP 7960 12139 18 . . . 7960 12140 1 In in IN 7960 12140 2 1471 1471 CD 7960 12140 3 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 12140 4 they -PRON- PRP 7960 12140 5 crossed cross VBD 7960 12140 6 the the DT 7960 12140 7 equator equator NN 7960 12140 8 , , , 7960 12140 9 without without IN 7960 12140 10 the the DT 7960 12140 11 scorching scorching NN 7960 12140 12 that that WDT 7960 12140 13 some some DT 7960 12140 14 had have VBD 7960 12140 15 feared fear VBN 7960 12140 16 . . . 7960 12141 1 In in IN 7960 12141 2 1482 1482 CD 7960 12141 3 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 12141 4 they -PRON- PRP 7960 12141 5 were be VBD 7960 12141 6 at at IN 7960 12141 7 the the DT 7960 12141 8 mouth mouth NN 7960 12141 9 of of IN 7960 12141 10 the the DT 7960 12141 11 Congo Congo NNP 7960 12141 12 . . . 7960 12142 1 Six six CD 7960 12142 2 years year NNS 7960 12142 3 later later RBR 7960 12142 4 Bartholomew Bartholomew NNP 7960 12142 5 Diaz Diaz NNP 7960 12142 6 rounded round VBD 7960 12142 7 the the DT 7960 12142 8 southern southern JJ 7960 12142 9 extremity extremity NN 7960 12142 10 of of IN 7960 12142 11 Africa Africa NNP 7960 12142 12 . . . 7960 12143 1 The the DT 7960 12143 2 story story NN 7960 12143 3 goes go VBZ 7960 12143 4 that that IN 7960 12143 5 he -PRON- PRP 7960 12143 6 named name VBD 7960 12143 7 it -PRON- PRP 7960 12143 8 the the DT 7960 12143 9 Cape Cape NNP 7960 12143 10 of of IN 7960 12143 11 Storms Storms NNPS 7960 12143 12 , , , 7960 12143 13 and and CC 7960 12143 14 that that IN 7960 12143 15 the the DT 7960 12143 16 king king NN 7960 12143 17 of of IN 7960 12143 18 Portugal Portugal NNP 7960 12143 19 , , , 7960 12143 20 recognizing recognize VBG 7960 12143 21 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 12143 22 importance importance NN 7960 12143 23 as as IN 7960 12143 24 a a DT 7960 12143 25 stage stage NN 7960 12143 26 on on IN 7960 12143 27 the the DT 7960 12143 28 route route NN 7960 12143 29 to to IN 7960 12143 30 the the DT 7960 12143 31 East East NNP 7960 12143 32 , , , 7960 12143 33 rechristened rechristene VBD 7960 12143 34 it -PRON- PRP 7960 12143 35 the the DT 7960 12143 36 Cape Cape NNP 7960 12143 37 of of IN 7960 12143 38 Good Good NNP 7960 12143 39 Hope Hope NNP 7960 12143 40 . . . 7960 12144 1 DA DA NNP 7960 12144 2 GAMA GAMA NNP 7960 12144 3 'S 'S NNP 7960 12144 4 VOYAGE voyage NN 7960 12144 5 , , , 7960 12144 6 1497 1497 CD 7960 12144 7 - - SYM 7960 12144 8 1499 1499 CD 7960 12144 9 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 12144 10 A a DT 7960 12144 11 daring dare VBG 7960 12144 12 mariner mariner NN 7960 12144 13 , , , 7960 12144 14 Vasco Vasco NNP 7960 12144 15 da da NNP 7960 12144 16 Gama Gama NNP 7960 12144 17 , , , 7960 12144 18 opened open VBD 7960 12144 19 the the DT 7960 12144 20 sea sea NN 7960 12144 21 - - HYPH 7960 12144 22 gates gate NNS 7960 12144 23 to to IN 7960 12144 24 the the DT 7960 12144 25 Indies Indies NNPS 7960 12144 26 . . . 7960 12145 1 With with IN 7960 12145 2 four four CD 7960 12145 3 tiny tiny JJ 7960 12145 4 ships ship NNS 7960 12145 5 he -PRON- PRP 7960 12145 6 set set VBD 7960 12145 7 sail sail NN 7960 12145 8 from from IN 7960 12145 9 Lisbon Lisbon NNP 7960 12145 10 in in IN 7960 12145 11 July July NNP 7960 12145 12 , , , 7960 12145 13 1497 1497 CD 7960 12145 14 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 12145 15 , , , 7960 12145 16 and and CC 7960 12145 17 after after IN 7960 12145 18 leaving leave VBG 7960 12145 19 the the DT 7960 12145 20 Cape Cape NNP 7960 12145 21 Verde Verde NNP 7960 12145 22 Islands Islands NNPS 7960 12145 23 made make VBD 7960 12145 24 a a DT 7960 12145 25 wide wide JJ 7960 12145 26 sweep sweep NN 7960 12145 27 into into IN 7960 12145 28 the the DT 7960 12145 29 South South NNP 7960 12145 30 Atlantic Atlantic NNP 7960 12145 31 . . . 7960 12146 1 Five five CD 7960 12146 2 months month NNS 7960 12146 3 passed pass VBN 7960 12146 4 before before IN 7960 12146 5 Africa Africa NNP 7960 12146 6 was be VBD 7960 12146 7 seen see VBN 7960 12146 8 again again RB 7960 12146 9 . . . 7960 12147 1 Having have VBG 7960 12147 2 doubled double VBN 7960 12147 3 the the DT 7960 12147 4 Cape Cape NNP 7960 12147 5 of of IN 7960 12147 6 Good Good NNP 7960 12147 7 Hope Hope NNP 7960 12147 8 in in IN 7960 12147 9 safety safety NN 7960 12147 10 , , , 7960 12147 11 Da Da NNP 7960 12147 12 Gama Gama NNP 7960 12147 13 skirted skirt VBD 7960 12147 14 the the DT 7960 12147 15 eastern eastern JJ 7960 12147 16 shores shore NNS 7960 12147 17 of of IN 7960 12147 18 Africa Africa NNP 7960 12147 19 and and CC 7960 12147 20 at at IN 7960 12147 21 length length NN 7960 12147 22 secured secure VBN 7960 12147 23 the the DT 7960 12147 24 services service NNS 7960 12147 25 of of IN 7960 12147 26 a a DT 7960 12147 27 Moslem Moslem NNP 7960 12147 28 pilot pilot NN 7960 12147 29 to to TO 7960 12147 30 guide guide VB 7960 12147 31 him -PRON- PRP 7960 12147 32 across across IN 7960 12147 33 the the DT 7960 12147 34 Indian Indian NNP 7960 12147 35 Ocean Ocean NNP 7960 12147 36 . . . 7960 12148 1 In in IN 7960 12148 2 May May NNP 7960 12148 3 , , , 7960 12148 4 1498 1498 CD 7960 12148 5 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 12148 6 , , , 7960 12148 7 he -PRON- PRP 7960 12148 8 reached reach VBD 7960 12148 9 Calicut Calicut NNP 7960 12148 10 , , , 7960 12148 11 [ [ -LRB- 7960 12148 12 12 12 CD 7960 12148 13 ] ] -RRB- 7960 12148 14 an an DT 7960 12148 15 important important JJ 7960 12148 16 commercial commercial JJ 7960 12148 17 city city NN 7960 12148 18 on on IN 7960 12148 19 the the DT 7960 12148 20 southwest southwest JJ 7960 12148 21 coast coast NN 7960 12148 22 of of IN 7960 12148 23 India India NNP 7960 12148 24 . . . 7960 12149 1 When when WRB 7960 12149 2 Da Da NNP 7960 12149 3 Gama Gama NNP 7960 12149 4 returned return VBD 7960 12149 5 to to IN 7960 12149 6 Lisbon Lisbon NNP 7960 12149 7 , , , 7960 12149 8 after after IN 7960 12149 9 an an DT 7960 12149 10 absence absence NN 7960 12149 11 of of IN 7960 12149 12 over over IN 7960 12149 13 two two CD 7960 12149 14 years year NNS 7960 12149 15 , , , 7960 12149 16 he -PRON- PRP 7960 12149 17 brought bring VBD 7960 12149 18 back back RB 7960 12149 19 a a DT 7960 12149 20 cargo cargo NN 7960 12149 21 which which WDT 7960 12149 22 repaid repay VBD 7960 12149 23 sixty sixty CD 7960 12149 24 times time NNS 7960 12149 25 the the DT 7960 12149 26 cost cost NN 7960 12149 27 of of IN 7960 12149 28 the the DT 7960 12149 29 expedition expedition NN 7960 12149 30 . . . 7960 12150 1 The the DT 7960 12150 2 Portuguese portuguese JJ 7960 12150 3 king king NN 7960 12150 4 received receive VBD 7960 12150 5 him -PRON- PRP 7960 12150 6 with with IN 7960 12150 7 high high JJ 7960 12150 8 honor honor NN 7960 12150 9 and and CC 7960 12150 10 created create VBD 7960 12150 11 him -PRON- PRP 7960 12150 12 Admiral Admiral NNP 7960 12150 13 of of IN 7960 12150 14 the the DT 7960 12150 15 Indies Indies NNPS 7960 12150 16 . . . 7960 12151 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 12151 2 Illustration illustration NN 7960 12151 3 : : : 7960 12151 4 VASCO VASCO NNP 7960 12151 5 DA DA NNP 7960 12151 6 GAMA gama NN 7960 12151 7 From from IN 7960 12151 8 a a DT 7960 12151 9 manuscript manuscript NN 7960 12151 10 in in IN 7960 12151 11 the the DT 7960 12151 12 British British NNP 7960 12151 13 Museum Museum NNP 7960 12151 14 . . . 7960 12151 15 ] ] -RRB- 7960 12152 1 CAMOENS CAMOENS NNP 7960 12152 2 , , , 7960 12152 3 1524 1524 CD 7960 12152 4 - - SYM 7960 12152 5 1580 1580 CD 7960 12152 6 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 12152 7 , , , 7960 12152 8 AND and CC 7960 12152 9 THE the DT 7960 12152 10 LUSIADS lusiads NN 7960 12152 11 The the DT 7960 12152 12 story story NN 7960 12152 13 of of IN 7960 12152 14 Da Da NNP 7960 12152 15 Gama Gama NNP 7960 12152 16 's 's POS 7960 12152 17 memorable memorable JJ 7960 12152 18 voyage voyage NN 7960 12152 19 was be VBD 7960 12152 20 sung sing VBN 7960 12152 21 by by IN 7960 12152 22 the the DT 7960 12152 23 Portuguese portuguese JJ 7960 12152 24 poet poet NN 7960 12152 25 , , , 7960 12152 26 Camoens Camoens NNPS 7960 12152 27 , , , 7960 12152 28 in in IN 7960 12152 29 the the DT 7960 12152 30 _ _ NNP 7960 12152 31 Lusiads Lusiads NNP 7960 12152 32 _ _ NNP 7960 12152 33 . . . 7960 12153 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 12153 2 is be VBZ 7960 12153 3 the the DT 7960 12153 4 most most RBS 7960 12153 5 successful successful JJ 7960 12153 6 of of IN 7960 12153 7 all all DT 7960 12153 8 modern modern JJ 7960 12153 9 epics epic NNS 7960 12153 10 . . . 7960 12154 1 The the DT 7960 12154 2 popularity popularity NN 7960 12154 3 of of IN 7960 12154 4 the the DT 7960 12154 5 _ _ NNP 7960 12154 6 Lusiads Lusiads NNP 7960 12154 7 _ _ NNP 7960 12154 8 has have VBZ 7960 12154 9 done do VBN 7960 12154 10 much much JJ 7960 12154 11 to to TO 7960 12154 12 keep keep VB 7960 12154 13 alive alive JJ 7960 12154 14 the the DT 7960 12154 15 sense sense NN 7960 12154 16 of of IN 7960 12154 17 nationality nationality NN 7960 12154 18 among among IN 7960 12154 19 the the DT 7960 12154 20 Portuguese Portuguese NNPS 7960 12154 21 , , , 7960 12154 22 and and CC 7960 12154 23 even even RB 7960 12154 24 to to IN 7960 12154 25 - - HYPH 7960 12154 26 day day NN 7960 12154 27 it -PRON- PRP 7960 12154 28 forms form VBZ 7960 12154 29 a a DT 7960 12154 30 bond bond NN 7960 12154 31 of of IN 7960 12154 32 union union NN 7960 12154 33 between between IN 7960 12154 34 Portugal Portugal NNP 7960 12154 35 and and CC 7960 12154 36 her -PRON- PRP$ 7960 12154 37 daughter daughter NN 7960 12154 38 - - HYPH 7960 12154 39 nation nation NN 7960 12154 40 across across IN 7960 12154 41 the the DT 7960 12154 42 Atlantic Atlantic NNP 7960 12154 43 -- -- : 7960 12154 44 Brazil Brazil NNP 7960 12154 45 . . . 7960 12155 1 SIGNIFICANCE significance NN 7960 12155 2 OF of IN 7960 12155 3 THE the DT 7960 12155 4 MARITIME MARITIME NNP 7960 12155 5 ROUTE ROUTE NNP 7960 12155 6 The the DT 7960 12155 7 discovery discovery NN 7960 12155 8 of of IN 7960 12155 9 an an DT 7960 12155 10 ocean ocean NN 7960 12155 11 passage passage NN 7960 12155 12 to to IN 7960 12155 13 the the DT 7960 12155 14 East East NNP 7960 12155 15 came come VBD 7960 12155 16 at at IN 7960 12155 17 the the DT 7960 12155 18 right right JJ 7960 12155 19 moment moment NN 7960 12155 20 . . . 7960 12156 1 Just just RB 7960 12156 2 at at IN 7960 12156 3 this this DT 7960 12156 4 time time NN 7960 12156 5 the the DT 7960 12156 6 Ottoman Ottoman NNP 7960 12156 7 Turks Turks NNPS 7960 12156 8 were be VBD 7960 12156 9 beginning begin VBG 7960 12156 10 to to TO 7960 12156 11 block block VB 7960 12156 12 up up RP 7960 12156 13 the the DT 7960 12156 14 old old JJ 7960 12156 15 trade trade NN 7960 12156 16 routes route NNS 7960 12156 17 . . . 7960 12157 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 12157 2 13 13 CD 7960 12157 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 12157 4 Their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 12157 5 conquests conquest NNS 7960 12157 6 in in IN 7960 12157 7 Asia Asia NNP 7960 12157 8 Minor Minor NNP 7960 12157 9 and and CC 7960 12157 10 southeastern southeastern JJ 7960 12157 11 Europe Europe NNP 7960 12157 12 , , , 7960 12157 13 during during IN 7960 12157 14 the the DT 7960 12157 15 fifteenth fifteenth JJ 7960 12157 16 century century NN 7960 12157 17 , , , 7960 12157 18 shut shut VBD 7960 12157 19 out out RP 7960 12157 20 the the DT 7960 12157 21 Italians Italians NNPS 7960 12157 22 from from IN 7960 12157 23 the the DT 7960 12157 24 northern northern JJ 7960 12157 25 route route NN 7960 12157 26 through through IN 7960 12157 27 the the DT 7960 12157 28 Aegean Aegean NNP 7960 12157 29 and and CC 7960 12157 30 the the DT 7960 12157 31 Black Black NNP 7960 12157 32 Sea Sea NNP 7960 12157 33 . . . 7960 12158 1 After after IN 7960 12158 2 Syria Syria NNP 7960 12158 3 and and CC 7960 12158 4 Egypt Egypt NNP 7960 12158 5 were be VBD 7960 12158 6 conquered conquer VBN 7960 12158 7 , , , 7960 12158 8 early early RB 7960 12158 9 in in IN 7960 12158 10 the the DT 7960 12158 11 sixteenth sixteenth JJ 7960 12158 12 century century NN 7960 12158 13 , , , 7960 12158 14 the the DT 7960 12158 15 central central JJ 7960 12158 16 and and CC 7960 12158 17 southern southern JJ 7960 12158 18 routes route NNS 7960 12158 19 also also RB 7960 12158 20 passed pass VBD 7960 12158 21 under under IN 7960 12158 22 Turkish turkish JJ 7960 12158 23 control control NN 7960 12158 24 . . . 7960 12159 1 The the DT 7960 12159 2 Ottoman Ottoman NNP 7960 12159 3 advance advance NN 7960 12159 4 struck strike VBD 7960 12159 5 a a DT 7960 12159 6 mortal mortal JJ 7960 12159 7 blow blow NN 7960 12159 8 at at IN 7960 12159 9 the the DT 7960 12159 10 prosperity prosperity NN 7960 12159 11 of of IN 7960 12159 12 the the DT 7960 12159 13 Italian italian JJ 7960 12159 14 cities city NNS 7960 12159 15 , , , 7960 12159 16 which which WDT 7960 12159 17 had have VBD 7960 12159 18 so so RB 7960 12159 19 long long RB 7960 12159 20 monopolized monopolize VBN 7960 12159 21 Oriental oriental JJ 7960 12159 22 trade trade NN 7960 12159 23 . . . 7960 12160 1 But but CC 7960 12160 2 the the DT 7960 12160 3 misfortune misfortune NN 7960 12160 4 of of IN 7960 12160 5 Venice Venice NNP 7960 12160 6 and and CC 7960 12160 7 Genoa Genoa NNP 7960 12160 8 was be VBD 7960 12160 9 the the DT 7960 12160 10 opportunity opportunity NN 7960 12160 11 of of IN 7960 12160 12 Portugal Portugal NNP 7960 12160 13 . . . 7960 12161 1 221 221 CD 7960 12161 2 . . . 7960 12162 1 THE the DT 7960 12162 2 PORTUGUESE portuguese JJ 7960 12162 3 COLONIAL colonial NN 7960 12162 4 EMPIRE empire NN 7960 12162 5 PORTUGUESE portuguese NN 7960 12162 6 ASCENDANCY ASCENDANCY VBD 7960 12162 7 IN in IN 7960 12162 8 THE the DT 7960 12162 9 EAST EAST NNP 7960 12162 10 After after IN 7960 12162 11 Da Da NNP 7960 12162 12 Gama Gama NNP 7960 12162 13 's 's POS 7960 12162 14 voyage voyage NN 7960 12162 15 the the DT 7960 12162 16 Portuguese Portuguese NNPS 7960 12162 17 made make VBD 7960 12162 18 haste haste NN 7960 12162 19 to to TO 7960 12162 20 appropriate appropriate VB 7960 12162 21 the the DT 7960 12162 22 wealth wealth NN 7960 12162 23 of of IN 7960 12162 24 the the DT 7960 12162 25 Indies Indies NNPS 7960 12162 26 . . . 7960 12163 1 Fleet Fleet NNP 7960 12163 2 after after IN 7960 12163 3 fleet fleet NN 7960 12163 4 was be VBD 7960 12163 5 sent send VBN 7960 12163 6 out out RP 7960 12163 7 to to TO 7960 12163 8 establish establish VB 7960 12163 9 trading trading NN 7960 12163 10 stations station NNS 7960 12163 11 upon upon IN 7960 12163 12 the the DT 7960 12163 13 coasts coast NNS 7960 12163 14 of of IN 7960 12163 15 Africa Africa NNP 7960 12163 16 and and CC 7960 12163 17 Asia Asia NNP 7960 12163 18 . . . 7960 12164 1 The the DT 7960 12164 2 great great JJ 7960 12164 3 viceroy viceroy NN 7960 12164 4 , , , 7960 12164 5 Albuquerque Albuquerque NNP 7960 12164 6 , , , 7960 12164 7 captured capture VBD 7960 12164 8 the the DT 7960 12164 9 city city NN 7960 12164 10 of of IN 7960 12164 11 Goa Goa NNP 7960 12164 12 and and CC 7960 12164 13 made make VBD 7960 12164 14 it -PRON- PRP 7960 12164 15 the the DT 7960 12164 16 center center NN 7960 12164 17 of of IN 7960 12164 18 the the DT 7960 12164 19 Portuguese portuguese JJ 7960 12164 20 dominions dominion NNS 7960 12164 21 in in IN 7960 12164 22 India India NNP 7960 12164 23 . . . 7960 12165 1 Goa Goa NNP 7960 12165 2 still still RB 7960 12165 3 belongs belong VBZ 7960 12165 4 to to IN 7960 12165 5 Portugal Portugal NNP 7960 12165 6 . . . 7960 12166 1 Albuquerque Albuquerque NNP 7960 12166 2 also also RB 7960 12166 3 seized seize VBD 7960 12166 4 Malacca Malacca NNP 7960 12166 5 , , , 7960 12166 6 at at IN 7960 12166 7 the the DT 7960 12166 8 end end NN 7960 12166 9 of of IN 7960 12166 10 the the DT 7960 12166 11 Malay Malay NNP 7960 12166 12 Peninsula Peninsula NNP 7960 12166 13 , , , 7960 12166 14 and and CC 7960 12166 15 Ormuz Ormuz NNP 7960 12166 16 , , , 7960 12166 17 at at IN 7960 12166 18 the the DT 7960 12166 19 entrance entrance NN 7960 12166 20 to to IN 7960 12166 21 the the DT 7960 12166 22 Persian Persian NNP 7960 12166 23 Gulf Gulf NNP 7960 12166 24 . . . 7960 12167 1 The the DT 7960 12167 2 possession possession NN 7960 12167 3 of of IN 7960 12167 4 these these DT 7960 12167 5 strategic strategic JJ 7960 12167 6 points point NNS 7960 12167 7 enabled enable VBD 7960 12167 8 the the DT 7960 12167 9 Portuguese Portuguese NNPS 7960 12167 10 to to TO 7960 12167 11 control control VB 7960 12167 12 the the DT 7960 12167 13 commerce commerce NN 7960 12167 14 of of IN 7960 12167 15 the the DT 7960 12167 16 Indian Indian NNP 7960 12167 17 Ocean Ocean NNP 7960 12167 18 . . . 7960 12168 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 12168 2 also also RB 7960 12168 3 established establish VBD 7960 12168 4 trading trading NN 7960 12168 5 relations relation NNS 7960 12168 6 with with IN 7960 12168 7 China China NNP 7960 12168 8 , , , 7960 12168 9 through through IN 7960 12168 10 the the DT 7960 12168 11 port port NN 7960 12168 12 of of IN 7960 12168 13 Macao Macao NNP 7960 12168 14 , , , 7960 12168 15 and and CC 7960 12168 16 with with IN 7960 12168 17 Japan Japan NNP 7960 12168 18 , , , 7960 12168 19 which which WDT 7960 12168 20 was be VBD 7960 12168 21 accidentally accidentally RB 7960 12168 22 discovered discover VBN 7960 12168 23 in in IN 7960 12168 24 1542 1542 CD 7960 12168 25 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 12168 26 By by IN 7960 12168 27 the the DT 7960 12168 28 middle middle NN 7960 12168 29 of of IN 7960 12168 30 the the DT 7960 12168 31 sixteenth sixteenth JJ 7960 12168 32 century century NN 7960 12168 33 they -PRON- PRP 7960 12168 34 had have VBD 7960 12168 35 acquired acquire VBN 7960 12168 36 almost almost RB 7960 12168 37 complete complete JJ 7960 12168 38 ascendancy ascendancy NN 7960 12168 39 throughout throughout IN 7960 12168 40 southern southern JJ 7960 12168 41 Asia Asia NNP 7960 12168 42 and and CC 7960 12168 43 the the DT 7960 12168 44 adjacent adjacent JJ 7960 12168 45 islands island NNS 7960 12168 46 . . . 7960 12169 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 12169 2 14 14 CD 7960 12169 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 12169 4 PORTUGUESE portuguese VB 7960 12169 5 TRADE trade NN 7960 12169 6 MONOPOLY monopoly NN 7960 12169 7 The the DT 7960 12169 8 Portuguese Portuguese NNPS 7960 12169 9 came come VBD 7960 12169 10 to to IN 7960 12169 11 the the DT 7960 12169 12 East East NNP 7960 12169 13 as as IN 7960 12169 14 the the DT 7960 12169 15 successors successor NNS 7960 12169 16 of of IN 7960 12169 17 the the DT 7960 12169 18 Arabs Arabs NNPS 7960 12169 19 , , , 7960 12169 20 who who WP 7960 12169 21 for for IN 7960 12169 22 centuries century NNS 7960 12169 23 had have VBD 7960 12169 24 carried carry VBN 7960 12169 25 on on IN 7960 12169 26 an an DT 7960 12169 27 extensive extensive JJ 7960 12169 28 trade trade NN 7960 12169 29 in in IN 7960 12169 30 the the DT 7960 12169 31 Indian Indian NNP 7960 12169 32 Ocean Ocean NNP 7960 12169 33 . . . 7960 12170 1 Having have VBG 7960 12170 2 dispossessed dispossess VBN 7960 12170 3 the the DT 7960 12170 4 Arabs Arabs NNPS 7960 12170 5 , , , 7960 12170 6 the the DT 7960 12170 7 Portuguese Portuguese NNPS 7960 12170 8 took take VBD 7960 12170 9 care care NN 7960 12170 10 to to TO 7960 12170 11 shut shut VB 7960 12170 12 out out RP 7960 12170 13 all all DT 7960 12170 14 European european JJ 7960 12170 15 trade trade NN 7960 12170 16 competitors competitor NNS 7960 12170 17 . . . 7960 12171 1 Only only RB 7960 12171 2 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 12171 3 own own JJ 7960 12171 4 merchants merchant NNS 7960 12171 5 were be VBD 7960 12171 6 allowed allow VBN 7960 12171 7 to to TO 7960 12171 8 bring bring VB 7960 12171 9 goods good NNS 7960 12171 10 from from IN 7960 12171 11 the the DT 7960 12171 12 Indies Indies NNPS 7960 12171 13 to to IN 7960 12171 14 Europe Europe NNP 7960 12171 15 by by IN 7960 12171 16 the the DT 7960 12171 17 Cape Cape NNP 7960 12171 18 route route NN 7960 12171 19 . . . 7960 12172 1 For for IN 7960 12172 2 a a DT 7960 12172 3 time time NN 7960 12172 4 this this DT 7960 12172 5 policy policy NN 7960 12172 6 made make VBD 7960 12172 7 Portugal Portugal NNP 7960 12172 8 very very RB 7960 12172 9 prosperous prosperous JJ 7960 12172 10 . . . 7960 12173 1 Lisbon Lisbon NNP 7960 12173 2 , , , 7960 12173 3 the the DT 7960 12173 4 capital capital NN 7960 12173 5 , , , 7960 12173 6 formed form VBD 7960 12173 7 the the DT 7960 12173 8 chief chief JJ 7960 12173 9 depot depot NN 7960 12173 10 for for IN 7960 12173 11 spices spice NNS 7960 12173 12 and and CC 7960 12173 13 other other JJ 7960 12173 14 eastern eastern JJ 7960 12173 15 commodities commodity NNS 7960 12173 16 . . . 7960 12174 1 The the DT 7960 12174 2 French French NNP 7960 12174 3 , , , 7960 12174 4 English English NNP 7960 12174 5 , , , 7960 12174 6 and and CC 7960 12174 7 Dutch Dutch NNP 7960 12174 8 came come VBD 7960 12174 9 there there RB 7960 12174 10 to to TO 7960 12174 11 buy buy VB 7960 12174 12 them -PRON- PRP 7960 12174 13 and and CC 7960 12174 14 took take VBD 7960 12174 15 the the DT 7960 12174 16 place place NN 7960 12174 17 of of IN 7960 12174 18 Italian italian JJ 7960 12174 19 merchants merchant NNS 7960 12174 20 in in IN 7960 12174 21 distributing distribute VBG 7960 12174 22 them -PRON- PRP 7960 12174 23 throughout throughout IN 7960 12174 24 Europe Europe NNP 7960 12174 25 . . . 7960 12175 1 COLLAPSE COLLAPSE NNS 7960 12175 2 OF of IN 7960 12175 3 THE the DT 7960 12175 4 PORTUGUESE PORTUGUESE NNP 7960 12175 5 EMPIRE EMPIRE NNP 7960 12175 6 But but CC 7960 12175 7 the the DT 7960 12175 8 triumph triumph NN 7960 12175 9 of of IN 7960 12175 10 Portugal Portugal NNP 7960 12175 11 was be VBD 7960 12175 12 short short RB 7960 12175 13 - - HYPH 7960 12175 14 lived lived JJ 7960 12175 15 . . . 7960 12176 1 This this DT 7960 12176 2 small small JJ 7960 12176 3 country country NN 7960 12176 4 , , , 7960 12176 5 with with IN 7960 12176 6 a a DT 7960 12176 7 population population NN 7960 12176 8 of of IN 7960 12176 9 not not RB 7960 12176 10 more more JJR 7960 12176 11 than than IN 7960 12176 12 a a DT 7960 12176 13 million million CD 7960 12176 14 , , , 7960 12176 15 lacked lack VBD 7960 12176 16 the the DT 7960 12176 17 strength strength NN 7960 12176 18 to to TO 7960 12176 19 defend defend VB 7960 12176 20 her -PRON- PRP$ 7960 12176 21 claims claim NNS 7960 12176 22 to to IN 7960 12176 23 a a DT 7960 12176 24 monopoly monopoly NN 7960 12176 25 of of IN 7960 12176 26 the the DT 7960 12176 27 Oriental oriental JJ 7960 12176 28 trade trade NN 7960 12176 29 . . . 7960 12177 1 During during IN 7960 12177 2 the the DT 7960 12177 3 seventeenth seventeenth JJ 7960 12177 4 century century NN 7960 12177 5 the the DT 7960 12177 6 French french JJ 7960 12177 7 and and CC 7960 12177 8 English English NNP 7960 12177 9 broke break VBD 7960 12177 10 the the DT 7960 12177 11 power power NN 7960 12177 12 of of IN 7960 12177 13 the the DT 7960 12177 14 Portuguese Portuguese NNPS 7960 12177 15 in in IN 7960 12177 16 India India NNP 7960 12177 17 , , , 7960 12177 18 while while IN 7960 12177 19 the the DT 7960 12177 20 Dutch Dutch NNPS 7960 12177 21 drove drive VBD 7960 12177 22 them -PRON- PRP 7960 12177 23 from from IN 7960 12177 24 Ceylon Ceylon NNP 7960 12177 25 and and CC 7960 12177 26 the the DT 7960 12177 27 East East NNP 7960 12177 28 Indies Indies NNPS 7960 12177 29 . . . 7960 12178 1 Though though IN 7960 12178 2 the the DT 7960 12178 3 Portuguese Portuguese NNPS 7960 12178 4 lost lose VBD 7960 12178 5 most most JJS 7960 12178 6 of of IN 7960 12178 7 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 12178 8 possessions possession NNS 7960 12178 9 so so RB 7960 12178 10 soon soon RB 7960 12178 11 , , , 7960 12178 12 they -PRON- PRP 7960 12178 13 deserve deserve VBP 7960 12178 14 a a DT 7960 12178 15 tribute tribute NN 7960 12178 16 of of IN 7960 12178 17 admiration admiration NN 7960 12178 18 for for IN 7960 12178 19 the the DT 7960 12178 20 energy energy NN 7960 12178 21 , , , 7960 12178 22 enthusiasm enthusiasm NN 7960 12178 23 , , , 7960 12178 24 and and CC 7960 12178 25 real real JJ 7960 12178 26 heroism heroism NN 7960 12178 27 with with IN 7960 12178 28 which which WDT 7960 12178 29 they -PRON- PRP 7960 12178 30 built build VBD 7960 12178 31 up up RP 7960 12178 32 the the DT 7960 12178 33 first first JJ 7960 12178 34 of of IN 7960 12178 35 modern modern JJ 7960 12178 36 colonial colonial NN 7960 12178 37 empires empire NNS 7960 12178 38 . . . 7960 12179 1 EUROPE EUROPE NNP 7960 12179 2 IN in IN 7960 12179 3 ASIA ASIA NNP 7960 12179 4 The the DT 7960 12179 5 new new JJ 7960 12179 6 world world NN 7960 12179 7 in in IN 7960 12179 8 the the DT 7960 12179 9 East East NNP 7960 12179 10 , , , 7960 12179 11 thus thus RB 7960 12179 12 entered enter VBN 7960 12179 13 by by IN 7960 12179 14 the the DT 7960 12179 15 Portuguese Portuguese NNPS 7960 12179 16 and and CC 7960 12179 17 later later RB 7960 12179 18 by by IN 7960 12179 19 other other JJ 7960 12179 20 European european JJ 7960 12179 21 peoples people NNS 7960 12179 22 , , , 7960 12179 23 was be VBD 7960 12179 24 really really RB 7960 12179 25 an an DT 7960 12179 26 old old JJ 7960 12179 27 world world NN 7960 12179 28 -- -- : 7960 12179 29 rich rich JJ 7960 12179 30 , , , 7960 12179 31 populous populous JJ 7960 12179 32 , , , 7960 12179 33 and and CC 7960 12179 34 civilized civilized JJ 7960 12179 35 . . . 7960 12180 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 12180 2 held hold VBD 7960 12180 3 out out RP 7960 12180 4 alluring alluring JJ 7960 12180 5 possibilities possibility NNS 7960 12180 6 , , , 7960 12180 7 not not RB 7960 12180 8 only only RB 7960 12180 9 for for IN 7960 12180 10 trade trade NN 7960 12180 11 , , , 7960 12180 12 but but CC 7960 12180 13 also also RB 7960 12180 14 as as IN 7960 12180 15 a a DT 7960 12180 16 field field NN 7960 12180 17 for for IN 7960 12180 18 missionary missionary JJ 7960 12180 19 enterprise enterprise NN 7960 12180 20 . . . 7960 12181 1 Da Da NNP 7960 12181 2 Gama Gama NNP 7960 12181 3 and and CC 7960 12181 4 Albuquerque Albuquerque NNP 7960 12181 5 began begin VBD 7960 12181 6 a a DT 7960 12181 7 movement movement NN 7960 12181 8 , , , 7960 12181 9 which which WDT 7960 12181 10 still still RB 7960 12181 11 continues continue VBZ 7960 12181 12 , , , 7960 12181 13 to to TO 7960 12181 14 " " `` 7960 12181 15 westernize westernize VB 7960 12181 16 " " '' 7960 12181 17 Asia Asia NNP 7960 12181 18 by by IN 7960 12181 19 opening open VBG 7960 12181 20 it -PRON- PRP 7960 12181 21 up up RP 7960 12181 22 to to IN 7960 12181 23 European european JJ 7960 12181 24 influence influence NN 7960 12181 25 . . . 7960 12182 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 12182 2 remains remain VBZ 7960 12182 3 to to TO 7960 12182 4 be be VB 7960 12182 5 seen see VBN 7960 12182 6 , , , 7960 12182 7 however however RB 7960 12182 8 , , , 7960 12182 9 whether whether IN 7960 12182 10 India India NNP 7960 12182 11 , , , 7960 12182 12 China China NNP 7960 12182 13 , , , 7960 12182 14 and and CC 7960 12182 15 Japan Japan NNP 7960 12182 16 will will MD 7960 12182 17 allow allow VB 7960 12182 18 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 12182 19 ancient ancient JJ 7960 12182 20 culture culture NN 7960 12182 21 to to TO 7960 12182 22 be be VB 7960 12182 23 extinguished extinguish VBN 7960 12182 24 by by IN 7960 12182 25 that that DT 7960 12182 26 of of IN 7960 12182 27 Europe Europe NNP 7960 12182 28 . . . 7960 12183 1 222 222 CD 7960 12183 2 . . . 7960 12184 1 TO to IN 7960 12184 2 THE the DT 7960 12184 3 INDIES indie NNS 7960 12184 4 WESTWARD westward NN 7960 12184 5 : : : 7960 12184 6 COLUMBUS columbus NN 7960 12184 7 AND and CC 7960 12184 8 MAGELLAN MAGELLAN NNP 7960 12184 9 THE the DT 7960 12184 10 GLOBULAR GLOBULAR NNP 7960 12184 11 THEORY THEORY NNP 7960 12184 12 Six six CD 7960 12184 13 years year NNS 7960 12184 14 before before IN 7960 12184 15 Vasco Vasco NNP 7960 12184 16 da da NNP 7960 12184 17 Gama Gama NNP 7960 12184 18 cast cast VBD 7960 12184 19 anchor anchor NN 7960 12184 20 in in IN 7960 12184 21 the the DT 7960 12184 22 harbor harbor NN 7960 12184 23 of of IN 7960 12184 24 Calicut Calicut NNP 7960 12184 25 , , , 7960 12184 26 another another DT 7960 12184 27 intrepid intrepid JJ 7960 12184 28 sailor sailor NN 7960 12184 29 , , , 7960 12184 30 seeking seek VBG 7960 12184 31 the the DT 7960 12184 32 Indies Indies NNPS 7960 12184 33 by by IN 7960 12184 34 a a DT 7960 12184 35 western western JJ 7960 12184 36 route route NN 7960 12184 37 , , , 7960 12184 38 accidentally accidentally RB 7960 12184 39 discovered discover VBD 7960 12184 40 America America NNP 7960 12184 41 . . . 7960 12185 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 12185 2 does do VBZ 7960 12185 3 not not RB 7960 12185 4 detract detract VB 7960 12185 5 from from IN 7960 12185 6 the the DT 7960 12185 7 glory glory NN 7960 12185 8 of of IN 7960 12185 9 Columbus Columbus NNP 7960 12185 10 to to TO 7960 12185 11 show show VB 7960 12185 12 that that IN 7960 12185 13 the the DT 7960 12185 14 way way NN 7960 12185 15 for for IN 7960 12185 16 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 12185 17 discovery discovery NN 7960 12185 18 had have VBD 7960 12185 19 been be VBN 7960 12185 20 long long JJ 7960 12185 21 in in IN 7960 12185 22 preparation preparation NN 7960 12185 23 . . . 7960 12186 1 In in IN 7960 12186 2 the the DT 7960 12186 3 first first JJ 7960 12186 4 place place NN 7960 12186 5 , , , 7960 12186 6 the the DT 7960 12186 7 theory theory NN 7960 12186 8 that that IN 7960 12186 9 the the DT 7960 12186 10 earth earth NN 7960 12186 11 was be VBD 7960 12186 12 round round JJ 7960 12186 13 had have VBD 7960 12186 14 been be VBN 7960 12186 15 familiar familiar JJ 7960 12186 16 to to IN 7960 12186 17 the the DT 7960 12186 18 Greeks Greeks NNPS 7960 12186 19 and and CC 7960 12186 20 Romans Romans NNPS 7960 12186 21 , , , 7960 12186 22 and and CC 7960 12186 23 to to IN 7960 12186 24 some some DT 7960 12186 25 learned learn VBN 7960 12186 26 men man NNS 7960 12186 27 even even RB 7960 12186 28 in in IN 7960 12186 29 the the DT 7960 12186 30 darkest dark JJS 7960 12186 31 period period NN 7960 12186 32 of of IN 7960 12186 33 the the DT 7960 12186 34 Middle Middle NNP 7960 12186 35 Ages Ages NNPS 7960 12186 36 . . . 7960 12187 1 By by IN 7960 12187 2 the the DT 7960 12187 3 opening opening NN 7960 12187 4 of of IN 7960 12187 5 the the DT 7960 12187 6 thirteenth thirteenth JJ 7960 12187 7 century century NN 7960 12187 8 it -PRON- PRP 7960 12187 9 must must MD 7960 12187 10 have have VB 7960 12187 11 been be VBN 7960 12187 12 commonly commonly RB 7960 12187 13 known know VBN 7960 12187 14 , , , 7960 12187 15 for for IN 7960 12187 16 Roger Roger NNP 7960 12187 17 Bacon Bacon NNP 7960 12187 18 [ [ -LRB- 7960 12187 19 15 15 CD 7960 12187 20 ] ] -RRB- 7960 12187 21 refers refer VBZ 7960 12187 22 to to IN 7960 12187 23 it -PRON- PRP 7960 12187 24 , , , 7960 12187 25 and and CC 7960 12187 26 Dante Dante NNP 7960 12187 27 , , , 7960 12187 28 in in IN 7960 12187 29 the the DT 7960 12187 30 _ _ NNP 7960 12187 31 Divine Divine NNP 7960 12187 32 Comedy Comedy NNP 7960 12187 33 _ _ NNP 7960 12187 34 , , , 7960 12187 35 [ [ -LRB- 7960 12187 36 16 16 CD 7960 12187 37 ] ] -RRB- 7960 12187 38 plans plan VBZ 7960 12187 39 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 12187 40 Inferno inferno NN 7960 12187 41 on on IN 7960 12187 42 the the DT 7960 12187 43 supposition supposition NN 7960 12187 44 of of IN 7960 12187 45 a a DT 7960 12187 46 spherical spherical JJ 7960 12187 47 world world NN 7960 12187 48 . . . 7960 12188 1 The the DT 7960 12188 2 awakening awakening NN 7960 12188 3 of of IN 7960 12188 4 interest interest NN 7960 12188 5 in in IN 7960 12188 6 Greek greek JJ 7960 12188 7 science science NN 7960 12188 8 , , , 7960 12188 9 as as IN 7960 12188 10 a a DT 7960 12188 11 result result NN 7960 12188 12 of of IN 7960 12188 13 the the DT 7960 12188 14 Renaissance Renaissance NNP 7960 12188 15 , , , 7960 12188 16 naturally naturally RB 7960 12188 17 called call VBD 7960 12188 18 renewed renew VBN 7960 12188 19 attention attention NN 7960 12188 20 to to IN 7960 12188 21 the the DT 7960 12188 22 statements statement NNS 7960 12188 23 by by IN 7960 12188 24 ancient ancient JJ 7960 12188 25 geographers geographer NNS 7960 12188 26 . . . 7960 12189 1 Eratosthenes eratosthene NNS 7960 12189 2 , , , 7960 12189 3 [ [ -LRB- 7960 12189 4 17 17 CD 7960 12189 5 ] ] -RRB- 7960 12189 6 for for IN 7960 12189 7 instance instance NN 7960 12189 8 , , , 7960 12189 9 had have VBD 7960 12189 10 clearly clearly RB 7960 12189 11 recognized recognize VBN 7960 12189 12 the the DT 7960 12189 13 possibility possibility NN 7960 12189 14 of of IN 7960 12189 15 reaching reach VBG 7960 12189 16 India India NNP 7960 12189 17 by by IN 7960 12189 18 sailing sail VBG 7960 12189 19 westward westward RB 7960 12189 20 on on IN 7960 12189 21 the the DT 7960 12189 22 same same JJ 7960 12189 23 parallel parallel NN 7960 12189 24 of of IN 7960 12189 25 latitude latitude NN 7960 12189 26 . . . 7960 12190 1 Especially especially RB 7960 12190 2 after after IN 7960 12190 3 the the DT 7960 12190 4 revival revival NN 7960 12190 5 of of IN 7960 12190 6 Ptolemy Ptolemy NNP 7960 12190 7 's 's POS 7960 12190 8 [ [ -LRB- 7960 12190 9 18 18 CD 7960 12190 10 ] ] -RRB- 7960 12190 11 works work NNS 7960 12190 12 in in IN 7960 12190 13 the the DT 7960 12190 14 fifteenth fifteenth JJ 7960 12190 15 century century NN 7960 12190 16 , , , 7960 12190 17 scholars scholar NNS 7960 12190 18 accepted accept VBD 7960 12190 19 the the DT 7960 12190 20 globular globular JJ 7960 12190 21 theory theory NN 7960 12190 22 ; ; : 7960 12190 23 and and CC 7960 12190 24 they -PRON- PRP 7960 12190 25 even even RB 7960 12190 26 went go VBD 7960 12190 27 so so RB 7960 12190 28 far far RB 7960 12190 29 as as IN 7960 12190 30 to to TO 7960 12190 31 calculate calculate VB 7960 12190 32 the the DT 7960 12190 33 circumference circumference NN 7960 12190 34 of of IN 7960 12190 35 the the DT 7960 12190 36 earth earth NN 7960 12190 37 . . . 7960 12191 1 MYTH MYTH NNP 7960 12191 2 OF of IN 7960 12191 3 ATLANTIS ATLANTIS NNP 7960 12191 4 In in IN 7960 12191 5 the the DT 7960 12191 6 second second JJ 7960 12191 7 place place NN 7960 12191 8 , , , 7960 12191 9 men man NNS 7960 12191 10 had have VBD 7960 12191 11 long long RB 7960 12191 12 believed believe VBN 7960 12191 13 that that IN 7960 12191 14 west west NN 7960 12191 15 of of IN 7960 12191 16 Europe Europe NNP 7960 12191 17 , , , 7960 12191 18 beyond beyond IN 7960 12191 19 the the DT 7960 12191 20 strait strait NN 7960 12191 21 of of IN 7960 12191 22 Gibraltar Gibraltar NNP 7960 12191 23 , , , 7960 12191 24 lay lie VBD 7960 12191 25 mysterious mysterious JJ 7960 12191 26 lands land NNS 7960 12191 27 . . . 7960 12192 1 This this DT 7960 12192 2 notion notion NN 7960 12192 3 first first RB 7960 12192 4 appears appear VBZ 7960 12192 5 in in IN 7960 12192 6 the the DT 7960 12192 7 writings writing NNS 7960 12192 8 of of IN 7960 12192 9 the the DT 7960 12192 10 Greek greek JJ 7960 12192 11 philosopher philosopher NN 7960 12192 12 , , , 7960 12192 13 Plato Plato NNP 7960 12192 14 , , , 7960 12192 15 [ [ -LRB- 7960 12192 16 19 19 CD 7960 12192 17 ] ] -RRB- 7960 12192 18 who who WP 7960 12192 19 repeats repeat VBZ 7960 12192 20 an an DT 7960 12192 21 old old JJ 7960 12192 22 tradition tradition NN 7960 12192 23 concerning concern VBG 7960 12192 24 Atlantis Atlantis NNP 7960 12192 25 . . . 7960 12193 1 According accord VBG 7960 12193 2 to to IN 7960 12193 3 Plato Plato NNP 7960 12193 4 , , , 7960 12193 5 Atlantis Atlantis NNP 7960 12193 6 had have VBD 7960 12193 7 been be VBN 7960 12193 8 an an DT 7960 12193 9 island island NN 7960 12193 10 continental continental NN 7960 12193 11 in in IN 7960 12193 12 size size NN 7960 12193 13 , , , 7960 12193 14 but but CC 7960 12193 15 more more JJR 7960 12193 16 than than IN 7960 12193 17 nine nine CD 7960 12193 18 thousand thousand CD 7960 12193 19 years year NNS 7960 12193 20 before before IN 7960 12193 21 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 12193 22 time time NN 7960 12193 23 it -PRON- PRP 7960 12193 24 had have VBD 7960 12193 25 sunk sink VBN 7960 12193 26 beneath beneath IN 7960 12193 27 the the DT 7960 12193 28 sea sea NN 7960 12193 29 . . . 7960 12194 1 Medieval medieval JJ 7960 12194 2 writers writer NNS 7960 12194 3 accepted accept VBD 7960 12194 4 this this DT 7960 12194 5 account account NN 7960 12194 6 as as RB 7960 12194 7 true true JJ 7960 12194 8 and and CC 7960 12194 9 found find VBD 7960 12194 10 support support NN 7960 12194 11 for for IN 7960 12194 12 it -PRON- PRP 7960 12194 13 in in IN 7960 12194 14 traditions tradition NNS 7960 12194 15 of of IN 7960 12194 16 other other JJ 7960 12194 17 western western JJ 7960 12194 18 islands island NNS 7960 12194 19 , , , 7960 12194 20 such such JJ 7960 12194 21 as as IN 7960 12194 22 the the DT 7960 12194 23 Isles Isles NNPS 7960 12194 24 of of IN 7960 12194 25 the the DT 7960 12194 26 Blest Blest NNP 7960 12194 27 , , , 7960 12194 28 where where WRB 7960 12194 29 Greek greek JJ 7960 12194 30 heroes hero NNS 7960 12194 31 went go VBD 7960 12194 32 after after IN 7960 12194 33 death death NN 7960 12194 34 , , , 7960 12194 35 and and CC 7960 12194 36 the the DT 7960 12194 37 Welsh Welsh NNP 7960 12194 38 Avalon Avalon NNP 7960 12194 39 , , , 7960 12194 40 whither whither NN 7960 12194 41 King King NNP 7960 12194 42 Arthur Arthur NNP 7960 12194 43 , , , 7960 12194 44 [ [ -LRB- 7960 12194 45 20 20 CD 7960 12194 46 ] ] -RRB- 7960 12194 47 after after IN 7960 12194 48 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 12194 49 last last JJ 7960 12194 50 battle battle NN 7960 12194 51 , , , 7960 12194 52 was be VBD 7960 12194 53 borne bear VBN 7960 12194 54 to to TO 7960 12194 55 heal heal VB 7960 12194 56 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 12194 57 wounds wound NNS 7960 12194 58 . . . 7960 12195 1 A a DT 7960 12195 2 widespread widespread JJ 7960 12195 3 legend legend NN 7960 12195 4 of of IN 7960 12195 5 the the DT 7960 12195 6 Middle Middle NNP 7960 12195 7 Ages Ages NNP 7960 12195 8 also also RB 7960 12195 9 described describe VBD 7960 12195 10 the the DT 7960 12195 11 visit visit NN 7960 12195 12 made make VBN 7960 12195 13 by by IN 7960 12195 14 St. St. NNP 7960 12195 15 Brandan Brandan NNP 7960 12195 16 , , , 7960 12195 17 an an DT 7960 12195 18 Irish irish JJ 7960 12195 19 monk monk NN 7960 12195 20 , , , 7960 12195 21 to to IN 7960 12195 22 the the DT 7960 12195 23 " " `` 7960 12195 24 promised promise VBN 7960 12195 25 land land NN 7960 12195 26 of of IN 7960 12195 27 the the DT 7960 12195 28 Saints saint NNS 7960 12195 29 , , , 7960 12195 30 " " '' 7960 12195 31 an an DT 7960 12195 32 earthly earthly JJ 7960 12195 33 paradise paradise NN 7960 12195 34 far far RB 7960 12195 35 out out RB 7960 12195 36 in in IN 7960 12195 37 the the DT 7960 12195 38 Atlantic Atlantic NNP 7960 12195 39 . . . 7960 12196 1 St. St. NNP 7960 12196 2 Brandan Brandan NNP 7960 12196 3 's 's POS 7960 12196 4 Island Island NNP 7960 12196 5 was be VBD 7960 12196 6 marked mark VBN 7960 12196 7 on on IN 7960 12196 8 early early JJ 7960 12196 9 maps map NNS 7960 12196 10 , , , 7960 12196 11 and and CC 7960 12196 12 voyages voyage NNS 7960 12196 13 in in IN 7960 12196 14 search search NN 7960 12196 15 of of IN 7960 12196 16 it -PRON- PRP 7960 12196 17 were be VBD 7960 12196 18 sometimes sometimes RB 7960 12196 19 undertaken undertake VBN 7960 12196 20 . . . 7960 12197 1 BEHAIM BEHAIM NNP 7960 12197 2 'S 's POS 7960 12197 3 GLOBE GLOBE NNS 7960 12197 4 The the DT 7960 12197 5 ideas idea NNS 7960 12197 6 of of IN 7960 12197 7 European european JJ 7960 12197 8 geographers geographer NNS 7960 12197 9 in in IN 7960 12197 10 the the DT 7960 12197 11 period period NN 7960 12197 12 just just RB 7960 12197 13 preceding precede VBG 7960 12197 14 the the DT 7960 12197 15 discovery discovery NN 7960 12197 16 of of IN 7960 12197 17 America America NNP 7960 12197 18 are be VBP 7960 12197 19 represented represent VBN 7960 12197 20 on on IN 7960 12197 21 a a DT 7960 12197 22 map map NN 7960 12197 23 , , , 7960 12197 24 or or CC 7960 12197 25 rather rather RB 7960 12197 26 a a DT 7960 12197 27 globe globe NN 7960 12197 28 , , , 7960 12197 29 which which WDT 7960 12197 30 dates date VBZ 7960 12197 31 from from IN 7960 12197 32 1492 1492 CD 7960 12197 33 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 12198 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 12198 2 was be VBD 7960 12198 3 made make VBN 7960 12198 4 by by IN 7960 12198 5 a a DT 7960 12198 6 German german JJ 7960 12198 7 navigator navigator NN 7960 12198 8 , , , 7960 12198 9 Martin Martin NNP 7960 12198 10 Behaim Behaim NNP 7960 12198 11 , , , 7960 12198 12 for for IN 7960 12198 13 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 12198 14 native native JJ 7960 12198 15 city city NN 7960 12198 16 of of IN 7960 12198 17 Nuremberg Nuremberg NNP 7960 12198 18 , , , 7960 12198 19 where where WRB 7960 12198 20 it -PRON- PRP 7960 12198 21 is be VBZ 7960 12198 22 still still RB 7960 12198 23 preserved preserve VBN 7960 12198 24 . . . 7960 12199 1 Behaim Behaim NNP 7960 12199 2 shows show VBZ 7960 12199 3 the the DT 7960 12199 4 mythical mythical JJ 7960 12199 5 island island NN 7960 12199 6 of of IN 7960 12199 7 St. St. NNP 7960 12199 8 Brandan Brandan NNP 7960 12199 9 , , , 7960 12199 10 lying lie VBG 7960 12199 11 in in IN 7960 12199 12 mid mid NN 7960 12199 13 - - NN 7960 12199 14 ocean ocean NN 7960 12199 15 , , , 7960 12199 16 and and CC 7960 12199 17 beyond beyond IN 7960 12199 18 it -PRON- PRP 7960 12199 19 Japan Japan NNP 7960 12199 20 ( ( -LRB- 7960 12199 21 Cipango Cipango NNP 7960 12199 22 ) ) -RRB- 7960 12199 23 and and CC 7960 12199 24 the the DT 7960 12199 25 East East NNP 7960 12199 26 Indies Indies NNPS 7960 12199 27 . . . 7960 12200 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 12200 2 is be VBZ 7960 12200 3 clear clear JJ 7960 12200 4 that that IN 7960 12200 5 he -PRON- PRP 7960 12200 6 greatly greatly RB 7960 12200 7 underestimated underestimate VBD 7960 12200 8 the the DT 7960 12200 9 distance distance NN 7960 12200 10 westward westward RB 7960 12200 11 between between IN 7960 12200 12 Europe Europe NNP 7960 12200 13 and and CC 7960 12200 14 Asia Asia NNP 7960 12200 15 . . . 7960 12201 1 The the DT 7960 12201 2 error error NN 7960 12201 3 was be VBD 7960 12201 4 natural natural JJ 7960 12201 5 enough enough RB 7960 12201 6 , , , 7960 12201 7 for for IN 7960 12201 8 Ptolemy Ptolemy NNP 7960 12201 9 had have VBD 7960 12201 10 reckoned reckon VBN 7960 12201 11 the the DT 7960 12201 12 earth earth NN 7960 12201 13 's 's POS 7960 12201 14 circumference circumference NN 7960 12201 15 to to TO 7960 12201 16 be be VB 7960 12201 17 about about RB 7960 12201 18 one one CD 7960 12201 19 - - HYPH 7960 12201 20 sixth sixth RB 7960 12201 21 less less JJR 7960 12201 22 than than IN 7960 12201 23 it -PRON- PRP 7960 12201 24 is be VBZ 7960 12201 25 , , , 7960 12201 26 and and CC 7960 12201 27 Marco Marco NNP 7960 12201 28 Polo Polo NNP 7960 12201 29 had have VBD 7960 12201 30 given give VBN 7960 12201 31 an an DT 7960 12201 32 exaggerated exaggerated JJ 7960 12201 33 idea idea NN 7960 12201 34 of of IN 7960 12201 35 the the DT 7960 12201 36 distance distance NN 7960 12201 37 to to TO 7960 12201 38 which which WDT 7960 12201 39 Asia Asia NNP 7960 12201 40 extended extend VBD 7960 12201 41 on on IN 7960 12201 42 the the DT 7960 12201 43 east east NN 7960 12201 44 . . . 7960 12202 1 When when WRB 7960 12202 2 Columbus Columbus NNP 7960 12202 3 set set VBD 7960 12202 4 out out RP 7960 12202 5 on on IN 7960 12202 6 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 12202 7 voyage voyage NN 7960 12202 8 , , , 7960 12202 9 he -PRON- PRP 7960 12202 10 firmly firmly RB 7960 12202 11 believed believe VBD 7960 12202 12 that that IN 7960 12202 13 a a DT 7960 12202 14 journey journey NN 7960 12202 15 of of IN 7960 12202 16 four four CD 7960 12202 17 thousand thousand CD 7960 12202 18 miles mile NNS 7960 12202 19 would would MD 7960 12202 20 bring bring VB 7960 12202 21 him -PRON- PRP 7960 12202 22 to to IN 7960 12202 23 Cipango Cipango NNP 7960 12202 24 . . . 7960 12203 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 12203 2 Illustration illustration NN 7960 12203 3 : : : 7960 12203 4 BEHAIM BEHAIM NNP 7960 12203 5 'S 's POS 7960 12203 6 GLOBE GLOBE NNS 7960 12203 7 The the DT 7960 12203 8 outlines outline NNS 7960 12203 9 of of IN 7960 12203 10 North North NNP 7960 12203 11 America America NNP 7960 12203 12 and and CC 7960 12203 13 South South NNP 7960 12203 14 America America NNP 7960 12203 15 do do VBP 7960 12203 16 not not RB 7960 12203 17 appear appear VB 7960 12203 18 on on IN 7960 12203 19 the the DT 7960 12203 20 original original JJ 7960 12203 21 globe globe NN 7960 12203 22 . . . 7960 12203 23 ] ] -RRB- 7960 12204 1 COLUMBUS columbus NN 7960 12204 2 , , , 7960 12204 3 1446 1446 CD 7960 12204 4 ( ( -LRB- 7960 12204 5 ? ? . 7960 12205 1 ) ) -RRB- 7960 12205 2 -1506 -1506 NNP 7960 12205 3 A.D. A.D. 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A.D. NNP 7960 12216 13 All all DT 7960 12216 14 know know VBP 7960 12216 15 the the DT 7960 12216 16 story story NN 7960 12216 17 . . . 7960 12217 1 How how WRB 7960 12217 2 Columbus Columbus NNP 7960 12217 3 first first RB 7960 12217 4 laid lay VBD 7960 12217 5 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 12217 6 plans plan NNS 7960 12217 7 before before IN 7960 12217 8 the the DT 7960 12217 9 king king NN 7960 12217 10 of of IN 7960 12217 11 Portugal Portugal NNP 7960 12217 12 , , , 7960 12217 13 only only RB 7960 12217 14 to to TO 7960 12217 15 meet meet VB 7960 12217 16 with with IN 7960 12217 17 rebuffs rebuff NNS 7960 12217 18 ; ; : 7960 12217 19 how how WRB 7960 12217 20 he -PRON- PRP 7960 12217 21 then then RB 7960 12217 22 went go VBD 7960 12217 23 to to IN 7960 12217 24 Spain Spain NNP 7960 12217 25 and and CC 7960 12217 26 after after IN 7960 12217 27 many many JJ 7960 12217 28 discouragements discouragement NNS 7960 12217 29 found find VBD 7960 12217 30 a a DT 7960 12217 31 patron patron NN 7960 12217 32 in in IN 7960 12217 33 Queen Queen NNP 7960 12217 34 Isabella Isabella NNP 7960 12217 35 ; ; : 7960 12217 36 how how WRB 7960 12217 37 with with IN 7960 12217 38 three three CD 7960 12217 39 small small JJ 7960 12217 40 ships ship NNS 7960 12217 41 he -PRON- PRP 7960 12217 42 set set VBD 7960 12217 43 out out RP 7960 12217 44 from from IN 7960 12217 45 Palos Palos NNP 7960 12217 46 , , , 7960 12217 47 August August NNP 7960 12217 48 3 3 CD 7960 12217 49 , , , 7960 12217 50 1492 1492 CD 7960 12217 51 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 12217 52 ; ; : 7960 12217 53 how how WRB 7960 12217 54 after after IN 7960 12217 55 leaving leave VBG 7960 12217 56 the the DT 7960 12217 57 Canaries canary NNS 7960 12217 58 he -PRON- PRP 7960 12217 59 sailed sail VBD 7960 12217 60 week week NN 7960 12217 61 after after IN 7960 12217 62 week week NN 7960 12217 63 over over IN 7960 12217 64 an an DT 7960 12217 65 unknown unknown JJ 7960 12217 66 sea sea NN 7960 12217 67 ; ; : 7960 12217 68 and and CC 7960 12217 69 how how WRB 7960 12217 70 at at IN 7960 12217 71 last last JJ 7960 12217 72 , , , 7960 12217 73 on on IN 7960 12217 74 the the DT 7960 12217 75 early early JJ 7960 12217 76 morning morning NN 7960 12217 77 of of IN 7960 12217 78 October October NNP 7960 12217 79 12 12 CD 7960 12217 80 , , , 7960 12217 81 he -PRON- PRP 7960 12217 82 sighted sight VBD 7960 12217 83 in in IN 7960 12217 84 the the DT 7960 12217 85 moonlight moonlight NN 7960 12217 86 the the DT 7960 12217 87 glittering glitter VBG 7960 12217 88 coral coral JJ 7960 12217 89 strand strand NN 7960 12217 90 of of IN 7960 12217 91 one one CD 7960 12217 92 of of IN 7960 12217 93 the the DT 7960 12217 94 Bahama Bahama NNP 7960 12217 95 Islands Islands NNPS 7960 12217 96 . . . 7960 12218 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 12218 2 21 21 CD 7960 12218 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 12218 4 It -PRON- PRP 7960 12218 5 was be VBD 7960 12218 6 the the DT 7960 12218 7 New New NNP 7960 12218 8 World World NNP 7960 12218 9 . . . 7960 12219 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 12219 2 Illustration illustration NN 7960 12219 3 : : : 7960 12219 4 SHIP SHIP NNP 7960 12219 5 OF of IN 7960 12219 6 1492 1492 CD 7960 12219 7 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 12219 8 ] ] -RRB- 7960 12219 9 SUBSEQUENT subsequent JJ 7960 12219 10 VOYAGES VOYAGES NNP 7960 12219 11 OF of IN 7960 12219 12 COLUMBUS columbus NN 7960 12219 13 Columbus Columbus NNP 7960 12219 14 made make VBD 7960 12219 15 three three CD 7960 12219 16 other other JJ 7960 12219 17 voyages voyage NNS 7960 12219 18 to to IN 7960 12219 19 the the DT 7960 12219 20 New New NNP 7960 12219 21 World World NNP 7960 12219 22 , , , 7960 12219 23 in in IN 7960 12219 24 the the DT 7960 12219 25 course course NN 7960 12219 26 of of IN 7960 12219 27 which which WDT 7960 12219 28 he -PRON- PRP 7960 12219 29 explored explore VBD 7960 12219 30 the the DT 7960 12219 31 Caribbean Caribbean NNP 7960 12219 32 Sea Sea NNP 7960 12219 33 , , , 7960 12219 34 the the DT 7960 12219 35 mouth mouth NN 7960 12219 36 of of IN 7960 12219 37 the the DT 7960 12219 38 Orinoco Orinoco NNP 7960 12219 39 River River NNP 7960 12219 40 , , , 7960 12219 41 and and CC 7960 12219 42 the the DT 7960 12219 43 eastern eastern JJ 7960 12219 44 coast coast NN 7960 12219 45 of of IN 7960 12219 46 Central Central NNP 7960 12219 47 America America NNP 7960 12219 48 . . . 7960 12220 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 12220 2 lived live VBD 7960 12220 3 and and CC 7960 12220 4 died die VBD 7960 12220 5 in in IN 7960 12220 6 the the DT 7960 12220 7 belief belief NN 7960 12220 8 that that IN 7960 12220 9 he -PRON- PRP 7960 12220 10 had have VBD 7960 12220 11 actually actually RB 7960 12220 12 reached reach VBN 7960 12220 13 the the DT 7960 12220 14 mainland mainland NN 7960 12220 15 of of IN 7960 12220 16 Asia Asia NNP 7960 12220 17 and and CC 7960 12220 18 the the DT 7960 12220 19 realms realm NNS 7960 12220 20 of of IN 7960 12220 21 the the DT 7960 12220 22 Great Great NNP 7960 12220 23 Khan Khan NNP 7960 12220 24 of of IN 7960 12220 25 Cathay Cathay NNP 7960 12220 26 . . . 7960 12221 1 The the DT 7960 12221 2 name name NN 7960 12221 3 West West NNP 7960 12221 4 Indies Indies NNP 7960 12221 5 still still RB 7960 12221 6 remains remain VBZ 7960 12221 7 as as IN 7960 12221 8 a a DT 7960 12221 9 testimony testimony NN 7960 12221 10 to to IN 7960 12221 11 this this DT 7960 12221 12 error error NN 7960 12221 13 . . . 7960 12222 1 NAMING naming NN 7960 12222 2 OF of IN 7960 12222 3 AMERICA AMERICA NNP 7960 12222 4 The the DT 7960 12222 5 New New NNP 7960 12222 6 World World NNP 7960 12222 7 was be VBD 7960 12222 8 named name VBN 7960 12222 9 for for IN 7960 12222 10 a a DT 7960 12222 11 Florentine Florentine NNP 7960 12222 12 navigator navigator NN 7960 12222 13 , , , 7960 12222 14 Amerigo Amerigo NNP 7960 12222 15 Vespucci Vespucci NNP 7960 12222 16 . . . 7960 12223 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 12223 2 22 22 CD 7960 12223 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 12223 4 While while IN 7960 12223 5 in in IN 7960 12223 6 the the DT 7960 12223 7 Spanish spanish JJ 7960 12223 8 service service NN 7960 12223 9 he -PRON- PRP 7960 12223 10 made make VBD 7960 12223 11 several several JJ 7960 12223 12 western western JJ 7960 12223 13 voyages voyage NNS 7960 12223 14 and and CC 7960 12223 15 printed print VBD 7960 12223 16 an an DT 7960 12223 17 account account NN 7960 12223 18 of of IN 7960 12223 19 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 12223 20 discovery discovery NN 7960 12223 21 of of IN 7960 12223 22 the the DT 7960 12223 23 mainland mainland NN 7960 12223 24 of of IN 7960 12223 25 America America NNP 7960 12223 26 in in IN 7960 12223 27 1497 1497 CD 7960 12223 28 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 12223 29 Scholars Scholars NNPS 7960 12223 30 now now RB 7960 12223 31 generally generally RB 7960 12223 32 reject reject VBP 7960 12223 33 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 12223 34 statements statement NNS 7960 12223 35 , , , 7960 12223 36 but but CC 7960 12223 37 they -PRON- PRP 7960 12223 38 found find VBD 7960 12223 39 acceptance acceptance NN 7960 12223 40 at at IN 7960 12223 41 the the DT 7960 12223 42 time time NN 7960 12223 43 , , , 7960 12223 44 and and CC 7960 12223 45 it -PRON- PRP 7960 12223 46 was be VBD 7960 12223 47 soon soon RB 7960 12223 48 suggested suggest VBN 7960 12223 49 that that IN 7960 12223 50 the the DT 7960 12223 51 new new JJ 7960 12223 52 continent continent NN 7960 12223 53 should should MD 7960 12223 54 be be VB 7960 12223 55 called call VBN 7960 12223 56 America America NNP 7960 12223 57 , , , 7960 12223 58 " " '' 7960 12223 59 because because IN 7960 12223 60 Americus Americus NNP 7960 12223 61 discovered discover VBD 7960 12223 62 it -PRON- PRP 7960 12223 63 . . . 7960 12223 64 " " '' 7960 12224 1 The the DT 7960 12224 2 name name NN 7960 12224 3 applied apply VBD 7960 12224 4 at at IN 7960 12224 5 first first RB 7960 12224 6 only only RB 7960 12224 7 to to IN 7960 12224 8 South South NNP 7960 12224 9 America America NNP 7960 12224 10 . . . 7960 12225 1 After after IN 7960 12225 2 it -PRON- PRP 7960 12225 3 became become VBD 7960 12225 4 certain certain JJ 7960 12225 5 that that IN 7960 12225 6 South South NNP 7960 12225 7 America America NNP 7960 12225 8 joined join VBD 7960 12225 9 another another DT 7960 12225 10 continent continent NN 7960 12225 11 to to IN 7960 12225 12 the the DT 7960 12225 13 north north NN 7960 12225 14 , , , 7960 12225 15 the the DT 7960 12225 16 name name NN 7960 12225 17 spread spread VBD 7960 12225 18 over over IN 7960 12225 19 the the DT 7960 12225 20 whole whole JJ 7960 12225 21 New New NNP 7960 12225 22 World World NNP 7960 12225 23 . . . 7960 12226 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 12226 2 Illustration illustration NN 7960 12226 3 : : : 7960 12226 4 THE the DT 7960 12226 5 NAME NAME NNP 7960 12226 6 " " '' 7960 12226 7 AMERICA AMERICA NNP 7960 12226 8 " " '' 7960 12226 9 Facsimile Facsimile NNP 7960 12226 10 of of IN 7960 12226 11 the the DT 7960 12226 12 passage passage NN 7960 12226 13 in in IN 7960 12226 14 the the DT 7960 12226 15 _ _ NNP 7960 12226 16 Cosmographiae Cosmographiae NNP 7960 12226 17 Introductio Introductio NNP 7960 12226 18 _ _ NNP 7960 12226 19 ( ( -LRB- 7960 12226 20 1507 1507 CD 7960 12226 21 ) ) -RRB- 7960 12226 22 , , , 7960 12226 23 by by IN 7960 12226 24 Martin Martin NNP 7960 12226 25 Waldseemuller Waldseemuller NNP 7960 12226 26 , , , 7960 12226 27 in in IN 7960 12226 28 which which WDT 7960 12226 29 the the DT 7960 12226 30 name name NN 7960 12226 31 " " `` 7960 12226 32 America America NNP 7960 12226 33 " " '' 7960 12226 34 is be VBZ 7960 12226 35 proposed propose VBN 7960 12226 36 for for IN 7960 12226 37 the the DT 7960 12226 38 New New NNP 7960 12226 39 World World NNP 7960 12226 40 . . . 7960 12226 41 ] ] -RRB- 7960 12227 1 THE the DT 7960 12227 2 DEMARCATION DEMARCATION NNP 7960 12227 3 LINE LINE NNP 7960 12227 4 , , , 7960 12227 5 1493 1493 CD 7960 12227 6 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 12228 1 Shortly shortly RB 7960 12228 2 after after IN 7960 12228 3 the the DT 7960 12228 4 return return NN 7960 12228 5 of of IN 7960 12228 6 Columbus Columbus NNP 7960 12228 7 from from IN 7960 12228 8 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 12228 9 first first JJ 7960 12228 10 voyage voyage NN 7960 12228 11 , , , 7960 12228 12 Pope Pope NNP 7960 12228 13 Alexander Alexander NNP 7960 12228 14 VI VI NNP 7960 12228 15 , , , 7960 12228 16 in in IN 7960 12228 17 response response NN 7960 12228 18 to to IN 7960 12228 19 a a DT 7960 12228 20 request request NN 7960 12228 21 by by IN 7960 12228 22 Ferdinand Ferdinand NNP 7960 12228 23 and and CC 7960 12228 24 Isabella Isabella NNP 7960 12228 25 , , , 7960 12228 26 issued issue VBD 7960 12228 27 a a DT 7960 12228 28 bull bull NN 7960 12228 29 granting grant VBG 7960 12228 30 these these DT 7960 12228 31 sovereigns sovereign NNS 7960 12228 32 exclusive exclusive JJ 7960 12228 33 rights right NNS 7960 12228 34 over over IN 7960 12228 35 the the DT 7960 12228 36 newly newly RB 7960 12228 37 discovered discover VBN 7960 12228 38 lands land NNS 7960 12228 39 . . . 7960 12229 1 In in IN 7960 12229 2 order order NN 7960 12229 3 that that IN 7960 12229 4 the the DT 7960 12229 5 Spanish spanish JJ 7960 12229 6 possessions possession NNS 7960 12229 7 should should MD 7960 12229 8 be be VB 7960 12229 9 clearly clearly RB 7960 12229 10 marked mark VBN 7960 12229 11 off off RP 7960 12229 12 from from IN 7960 12229 13 the the DT 7960 12229 14 Portuguese Portuguese NNPS 7960 12229 15 , , , 7960 12229 16 the the DT 7960 12229 17 pope pope NN 7960 12229 18 laid lay VBD 7960 12229 19 down down RP 7960 12229 20 an an DT 7960 12229 21 imaginary imaginary JJ 7960 12229 22 line line NN 7960 12229 23 of of IN 7960 12229 24 demarcation demarcation NN 7960 12229 25 in in IN 7960 12229 26 the the DT 7960 12229 27 Atlantic Atlantic NNP 7960 12229 28 , , , 7960 12229 29 three three CD 7960 12229 30 hundred hundred CD 7960 12229 31 miles mile NNS 7960 12229 32 west west RB 7960 12229 33 of of IN 7960 12229 34 the the DT 7960 12229 35 Azores Azores NNPS 7960 12229 36 . . . 7960 12230 1 All all DT 7960 12230 2 new new JJ 7960 12230 3 discoveries discovery NNS 7960 12230 4 west west RB 7960 12230 5 of of IN 7960 12230 6 the the DT 7960 12230 7 line line NN 7960 12230 8 were be VBD 7960 12230 9 to to TO 7960 12230 10 belong belong VB 7960 12230 11 to to IN 7960 12230 12 Spain Spain NNP 7960 12230 13 ; ; : 7960 12230 14 all all PDT 7960 12230 15 those those DT 7960 12230 16 east east NN 7960 12230 17 of of IN 7960 12230 18 it -PRON- PRP 7960 12230 19 , , , 7960 12230 20 to to IN 7960 12230 21 Portugal Portugal NNP 7960 12230 22 . . . 7960 12231 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 12231 2 23 23 CD 7960 12231 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 12231 4 But but CC 7960 12231 5 this this DT 7960 12231 6 arrangement arrangement NN 7960 12231 7 , , , 7960 12231 8 which which WDT 7960 12231 9 excluded exclude VBD 7960 12231 10 France France NNP 7960 12231 11 , , , 7960 12231 12 England England NNP 7960 12231 13 , , , 7960 12231 14 and and CC 7960 12231 15 other other JJ 7960 12231 16 European european JJ 7960 12231 17 countries country NNS 7960 12231 18 from from IN 7960 12231 19 the the DT 7960 12231 20 New New NNP 7960 12231 21 World World NNP 7960 12231 22 , , , 7960 12231 23 could could MD 7960 12231 24 not not RB 7960 12231 25 be be VB 7960 12231 26 long long RB 7960 12231 27 maintained maintain VBN 7960 12231 28 . . . 7960 12232 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 12232 2 Illustration illustration NN 7960 12232 3 : : : 7960 12232 4 Map Map NNP 7960 12232 5 , , , 7960 12232 6 PORTUGUESE PORTUGUESE NNP 7960 12232 7 AND and CC 7960 12232 8 SPANISH spanish JJ 7960 12232 9 COLONIAL colonial NN 7960 12232 10 EMPIRES EMPIRES NNP 7960 12232 11 IN in IN 7960 12232 12 THE the DT 7960 12232 13 SIXTEENTH SIXTEENTH NNP 7960 12232 14 CENTURY CENTURY NNP 7960 12232 15 ] ] -RRB- 7960 12232 16 FERDINAND FERDINAND NNP 7960 12232 17 MAGELLAN MAGELLAN NNP 7960 12232 18 , , , 7960 12232 19 1480 1480 CD 7960 12232 20 ( ( -LRB- 7960 12232 21 ? ? . 7960 12233 1 ) ) -RRB- 7960 12233 2 -1521 -1521 NNP 7960 12233 3 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 12234 1 The the DT 7960 12234 2 demarcation demarcation NN 7960 12234 3 line line NN 7960 12234 4 had have VBD 7960 12234 5 a a DT 7960 12234 6 good good JJ 7960 12234 7 deal deal NN 7960 12234 8 to to TO 7960 12234 9 do do VB 7960 12234 10 in in IN 7960 12234 11 bringing bring VBG 7960 12234 12 about about RP 7960 12234 13 the the DT 7960 12234 14 first first JJ 7960 12234 15 voyage voyage NN 7960 12234 16 around around IN 7960 12234 17 the the DT 7960 12234 18 globe globe NN 7960 12234 19 . . . 7960 12235 1 So so IN 7960 12235 2 far far RB 7960 12235 3 no no DT 7960 12235 4 one one NN 7960 12235 5 had have VBD 7960 12235 6 yet yet RB 7960 12235 7 realized realize VBN 7960 12235 8 the the DT 7960 12235 9 dream dream NN 7960 12235 10 of of IN 7960 12235 11 Columbus Columbus NNP 7960 12235 12 to to TO 7960 12235 13 reach reach VB 7960 12235 14 the the DT 7960 12235 15 lands land NNS 7960 12235 16 of of IN 7960 12235 17 spice spice NN 7960 12235 18 and and CC 7960 12235 19 silk silk NN 7960 12235 20 by by IN 7960 12235 21 sailing sail VBG 7960 12235 22 westward westward RB 7960 12235 23 . . . 7960 12236 1 Ferdinand Ferdinand NNP 7960 12236 2 Magellan Magellan NNP 7960 12236 3 , , , 7960 12236 4 formerly formerly RB 7960 12236 5 one one CD 7960 12236 6 of of IN 7960 12236 7 Albuquerque Albuquerque NNP 7960 12236 8 's 's POS 7960 12236 9 lieutenants lieutenant NNS 7960 12236 10 but but CC 7960 12236 11 now now RB 7960 12236 12 in in IN 7960 12236 13 the the DT 7960 12236 14 service service NN 7960 12236 15 of of IN 7960 12236 16 Spain Spain NNP 7960 12236 17 , , , 7960 12236 18 believed believe VBD 7960 12236 19 that that IN 7960 12236 20 the the DT 7960 12236 21 Spice Spice NNP 7960 12236 22 Islands Islands NNPS 7960 12236 23 lay lie VBD 7960 12236 24 within within IN 7960 12236 25 the the DT 7960 12236 26 Spanish spanish JJ 7960 12236 27 sphere sphere NN 7960 12236 28 of of IN 7960 12236 29 influence influence NN 7960 12236 30 and and CC 7960 12236 31 that that IN 7960 12236 32 an an DT 7960 12236 33 all all DT 7960 12236 34 - - HYPH 7960 12236 35 Spanish spanish JJ 7960 12236 36 route route NN 7960 12236 37 , , , 7960 12236 38 leading lead VBG 7960 12236 39 to to IN 7960 12236 40 them -PRON- PRP 7960 12236 41 through through IN 7960 12236 42 some some DT 7960 12236 43 strait strait NN 7960 12236 44 at at IN 7960 12236 45 the the DT 7960 12236 46 southern southern JJ 7960 12236 47 end end NN 7960 12236 48 of of IN 7960 12236 49 South South NNP 7960 12236 50 America America NNP 7960 12236 51 , , , 7960 12236 52 could could MD 7960 12236 53 be be VB 7960 12236 54 discovered discover VBN 7960 12236 55 . . . 7960 12237 1 CIRCUMNAVIGATION circumnavigation NN 7960 12237 2 OF of IN 7960 12237 3 THE the DT 7960 12237 4 GLOBE GLOBE NNP 7960 12237 5 , , , 7960 12237 6 1519 1519 CD 7960 12237 7 - - SYM 7960 12237 8 1522 1522 CD 7960 12237 9 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 12238 1 The the DT 7960 12238 2 Spanish spanish JJ 7960 12238 3 ruler ruler NN 7960 12238 4 , , , 7960 12238 5 Charles Charles NNP 7960 12238 6 V V NNP 7960 12238 7 , , , 7960 12238 8 grandson grandson NN 7960 12238 9 of of IN 7960 12238 10 the the DT 7960 12238 11 Isabella Isabella NNP 7960 12238 12 who who WP 7960 12238 13 had have VBD 7960 12238 14 supported support VBN 7960 12238 15 Columbus Columbus NNP 7960 12238 16 , , , 7960 12238 17 looked look VBD 7960 12238 18 with with IN 7960 12238 19 favor favor NN 7960 12238 20 upon upon IN 7960 12238 21 Magellan Magellan NNP 7960 12238 22 's 's POS 7960 12238 23 ideas idea NNS 7960 12238 24 and and CC 7960 12238 25 gave give VBD 7960 12238 26 him -PRON- PRP 7960 12238 27 a a DT 7960 12238 28 fleet fleet NN 7960 12238 29 of of IN 7960 12238 30 five five CD 7960 12238 31 vessels vessel NNS 7960 12238 32 for for IN 7960 12238 33 the the DT 7960 12238 34 undertaking undertaking NN 7960 12238 35 . . . 7960 12239 1 After after IN 7960 12239 2 exploring explore VBG 7960 12239 3 the the DT 7960 12239 4 east east JJ 7960 12239 5 coast coast NN 7960 12239 6 of of IN 7960 12239 7 South South NNP 7960 12239 8 America America NNP 7960 12239 9 , , , 7960 12239 10 Magellan Magellan NNP 7960 12239 11 came come VBD 7960 12239 12 at at IN 7960 12239 13 length length NN 7960 12239 14 to to IN 7960 12239 15 the the DT 7960 12239 16 strait strait NN 7960 12239 17 which which WDT 7960 12239 18 bears bear VBZ 7960 12239 19 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 12239 20 name name NN 7960 12239 21 . . . 7960 12240 1 Through through IN 7960 12240 2 this this DT 7960 12240 3 channel channel NN 7960 12240 4 he -PRON- PRP 7960 12240 5 sailed sail VBD 7960 12240 6 boldly boldly RB 7960 12240 7 and and CC 7960 12240 8 found find VBD 7960 12240 9 himself -PRON- PRP 7960 12240 10 upon upon IN 7960 12240 11 an an DT 7960 12240 12 ocean ocean NN 7960 12240 13 which which WDT 7960 12240 14 he -PRON- PRP 7960 12240 15 called call VBD 7960 12240 16 the the DT 7960 12240 17 Pacific Pacific NNP 7960 12240 18 , , , 7960 12240 19 because because IN 7960 12240 20 of of IN 7960 12240 21 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 12240 22 peaceful peaceful JJ 7960 12240 23 aspect aspect NN 7960 12240 24 . . . 7960 12241 1 Magellan Magellan NNP 7960 12241 2 's 's POS 7960 12241 3 sailors sailor NNS 7960 12241 4 now now RB 7960 12241 5 begged beg VBD 7960 12241 6 him -PRON- PRP 7960 12241 7 to to TO 7960 12241 8 return return VB 7960 12241 9 , , , 7960 12241 10 for for IN 7960 12241 11 food food NN 7960 12241 12 was be VBD 7960 12241 13 getting get VBG 7960 12241 14 scarce scarce JJ 7960 12241 15 , , , 7960 12241 16 but but CC 7960 12241 17 the the DT 7960 12241 18 navigator navigator NN 7960 12241 19 replied reply VBD 7960 12241 20 that that IN 7960 12241 21 he -PRON- PRP 7960 12241 22 would would MD 7960 12241 23 go go VB 7960 12241 24 on on RB 7960 12241 25 , , , 7960 12241 26 " " `` 7960 12241 27 if if IN 7960 12241 28 he -PRON- PRP 7960 12241 29 had have VBD 7960 12241 30 to to TO 7960 12241 31 eat eat VB 7960 12241 32 the the DT 7960 12241 33 leather leather NN 7960 12241 34 off off IN 7960 12241 35 the the DT 7960 12241 36 rigging rigging NN 7960 12241 37 . . . 7960 12241 38 " " '' 7960 12242 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 12242 2 did do VBD 7960 12242 3 go go VB 7960 12242 4 on on RB 7960 12242 5 , , , 7960 12242 6 for for IN 7960 12242 7 ninety ninety CD 7960 12242 8 - - HYPH 7960 12242 9 eight eight CD 7960 12242 10 days day NNS 7960 12242 11 , , , 7960 12242 12 until until IN 7960 12242 13 he -PRON- PRP 7960 12242 14 reached reach VBD 7960 12242 15 the the DT 7960 12242 16 Ladrone Ladrone NNP 7960 12242 17 Islands Islands NNPS 7960 12242 18 . . . 7960 12243 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 12243 2 24 24 CD 7960 12243 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 12243 4 By by IN 7960 12243 5 a a DT 7960 12243 6 curious curious JJ 7960 12243 7 chance chance NN 7960 12243 8 , , , 7960 12243 9 in in IN 7960 12243 10 all all PDT 7960 12243 11 this this DT 7960 12243 12 long long JJ 7960 12243 13 trip trip NN 7960 12243 14 across across IN 7960 12243 15 the the DT 7960 12243 16 Pacific Pacific NNP 7960 12243 17 , , , 7960 12243 18 Magellan Magellan NNP 7960 12243 19 came come VBD 7960 12243 20 upon upon IN 7960 12243 21 only only RB 7960 12243 22 two two CD 7960 12243 23 islands island NNS 7960 12243 24 , , , 7960 12243 25 both both DT 7960 12243 26 of of IN 7960 12243 27 them -PRON- PRP 7960 12243 28 uninhabited uninhabited JJ 7960 12243 29 . . . 7960 12244 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 12244 2 then then RB 7960 12244 3 proceeded proceed VBD 7960 12244 4 to to IN 7960 12244 5 the the DT 7960 12244 6 Philippines Philippines NNP 7960 12244 7 , , , 7960 12244 8 where where WRB 7960 12244 9 he -PRON- PRP 7960 12244 10 was be VBD 7960 12244 11 killed kill VBN 7960 12244 12 in in IN 7960 12244 13 a a DT 7960 12244 14 fight fight NN 7960 12244 15 with with IN 7960 12244 16 the the DT 7960 12244 17 natives native NNS 7960 12244 18 . . . 7960 12245 1 His -PRON- PRP$ 7960 12245 2 men man NNS 7960 12245 3 , , , 7960 12245 4 however however RB 7960 12245 5 , , , 7960 12245 6 managed manage VBD 7960 12245 7 to to TO 7960 12245 8 reach reach VB 7960 12245 9 the the DT 7960 12245 10 Spice Spice NNP 7960 12245 11 Islands Islands NNPS 7960 12245 12 , , , 7960 12245 13 the the DT 7960 12245 14 goal goal NN 7960 12245 15 of of IN 7960 12245 16 the the DT 7960 12245 17 journey journey NN 7960 12245 18 . . . 7960 12246 1 Afterwards afterwards RB 7960 12246 2 a a DT 7960 12246 3 single single JJ 7960 12246 4 ship ship NN 7960 12246 5 , , , 7960 12246 6 the the DT 7960 12246 7 _ _ NNP 7960 12246 8 Victoria Victoria NNP 7960 12246 9 _ _ NNP 7960 12246 10 , , , 7960 12246 11 carried carry VBN 7960 12246 12 back back RB 7960 12246 13 to to IN 7960 12246 14 Spain Spain NNP 7960 12246 15 the the DT 7960 12246 16 few few JJ 7960 12246 17 sailors sailor NNS 7960 12246 18 who who WP 7960 12246 19 had have VBD 7960 12246 20 survived survive VBN 7960 12246 21 the the DT 7960 12246 22 hardships hardship NNS 7960 12246 23 of of IN 7960 12246 24 a a DT 7960 12246 25 voyage voyage NN 7960 12246 26 lasting last VBG 7960 12246 27 nearly nearly RB 7960 12246 28 three three CD 7960 12246 29 years year NNS 7960 12246 30 . . . 7960 12247 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 12247 2 Illustration illustration NN 7960 12247 3 : : : 7960 12247 4 FERDINAND FERDINAND NNP 7960 12247 5 MAGELLAN MAGELLAN NNP 7960 12247 6 From from IN 7960 12247 7 a a DT 7960 12247 8 portrait portrait NN 7960 12247 9 formerly formerly RB 7960 12247 10 in in IN 7960 12247 11 the the DT 7960 12247 12 Versailles Versailles NNP 7960 12247 13 Gallery Gallery NNP 7960 12247 14 , , , 7960 12247 15 Paris Paris NNP 7960 12247 16 . . . 7960 12247 17 ] ] -RRB- 7960 12248 1 MEANING meaning NN 7960 12248 2 OF of IN 7960 12248 3 THE the DT 7960 12248 4 CIRCUMNAVIGATION CIRCUMNAVIGATION NNP 7960 12248 5 Magellan Magellan NNP 7960 12248 6 's 's POS 7960 12248 7 voyage voyage NN 7960 12248 8 forms form VBZ 7960 12248 9 a a DT 7960 12248 10 landmark landmark NN 7960 12248 11 in in IN 7960 12248 12 the the DT 7960 12248 13 history history NN 7960 12248 14 of of IN 7960 12248 15 geography geography NN 7960 12248 16 . . . 7960 12249 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 12249 2 proved prove VBD 7960 12249 3 that that IN 7960 12249 4 America America NNP 7960 12249 5 , , , 7960 12249 6 at at IN 7960 12249 7 least least JJS 7960 12249 8 on on IN 7960 12249 9 the the DT 7960 12249 10 south south NN 7960 12249 11 , , , 7960 12249 12 had have VBD 7960 12249 13 no no DT 7960 12249 14 connection connection NN 7960 12249 15 with with IN 7960 12249 16 Asia Asia NNP 7960 12249 17 ; ; : 7960 12249 18 it -PRON- PRP 7960 12249 19 showed show VBD 7960 12249 20 the the DT 7960 12249 21 enormous enormous JJ 7960 12249 22 extent extent NN 7960 12249 23 of of IN 7960 12249 24 the the DT 7960 12249 25 Pacific Pacific NNP 7960 12249 26 Ocean Ocean NNP 7960 12249 27 ; ; : 7960 12249 28 and and CC 7960 12249 29 it -PRON- PRP 7960 12249 30 led lead VBD 7960 12249 31 to to IN 7960 12249 32 the the DT 7960 12249 33 discovery discovery NN 7960 12249 34 of of IN 7960 12249 35 many many JJ 7960 12249 36 large large JJ 7960 12249 37 islands island NNS 7960 12249 38 in in IN 7960 12249 39 the the DT 7960 12249 40 East East NNP 7960 12249 41 Indies Indies NNPS 7960 12249 42 . . . 7960 12250 1 Henceforth henceforth JJ 7960 12250 2 men man NNS 7960 12250 3 knew know VBD 7960 12250 4 of of IN 7960 12250 5 a a DT 7960 12250 6 certainty certainty NN 7960 12250 7 that that IN 7960 12250 8 the the DT 7960 12250 9 earth earth NN 7960 12250 10 was be VBD 7960 12250 11 round round JJ 7960 12250 12 and and CC 7960 12250 13 in in IN 7960 12250 14 the the DT 7960 12250 15 distance distance NN 7960 12250 16 covered cover VBN 7960 12250 17 by by IN 7960 12250 18 Magellan Magellan NNP 7960 12250 19 they -PRON- PRP 7960 12250 20 had have VBD 7960 12250 21 a a DT 7960 12250 22 rough rough JJ 7960 12250 23 estimate estimate NN 7960 12250 24 of of IN 7960 12250 25 its 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witness NN 7960 12255 21 to to IN 7960 12255 22 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 12255 23 former former JJ 7960 12255 24 existence existence NN 7960 12255 25 . . . 7960 12256 1 Over over IN 7960 12256 2 this this DT 7960 12256 3 bridge bridge NN 7960 12256 4 animals animal NNS 7960 12256 5 and and CC 7960 12256 6 men man NNS 7960 12256 7 may may MD 7960 12256 8 have have VB 7960 12256 9 found find VBN 7960 12256 10 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 12256 11 way way NN 7960 12256 12 into into IN 7960 12256 13 the the DT 7960 12256 14 New New NNP 7960 12256 15 World World NNP 7960 12256 16 . . . 7960 12257 1 Another another DT 7960 12257 2 prehistoric prehistoric JJ 7960 12257 3 route route NN 7960 12257 4 may may MD 7960 12257 5 have have VB 7960 12257 6 led lead VBN 7960 12257 7 from from IN 7960 12257 8 Asia Asia NNP 7960 12257 9 . . . 7960 12258 1 Only only RB 7960 12258 2 a a DT 7960 12258 3 narrow narrow JJ 7960 12258 4 strait strait NN 7960 12258 5 now now RB 7960 12258 6 separates separate VBZ 7960 12258 7 Alaska Alaska NNP 7960 12258 8 from from IN 7960 12258 9 Siberia Siberia NNP 7960 12258 10 , , , 7960 12258 11 and and CC 7960 12258 12 the the DT 7960 12258 13 Aleutian Aleutian NNP 7960 12258 14 Islands Islands NNPS 7960 12258 15 form form VBP 7960 12258 16 an an DT 7960 12258 17 almost almost RB 7960 12258 18 complete complete JJ 7960 12258 19 series series NN 7960 12258 20 of of IN 7960 12258 21 stepping stepping JJ 7960 12258 22 - - HYPH 7960 12258 23 stones stone NNS 7960 12258 24 across across IN 7960 12258 25 the the DT 7960 12258 26 most most RBS 7960 12258 27 northerly northerly JJ 7960 12258 28 part part NN 7960 12258 29 of of IN 7960 12258 30 the the DT 7960 12258 31 Pacific Pacific NNP 7960 12258 32 . . . 7960 12259 1 THE the DT 7960 12259 2 AMERICAN AMERICAN NNP 7960 12259 3 ABORIGINES aborigine NNS 7960 12259 4 The the DT 7960 12259 5 natives native NNS 7960 12259 6 of of IN 7960 12259 7 America America NNP 7960 12259 8 , , , 7960 12259 9 whom whom WP 7960 12259 10 Columbus Columbus NNP 7960 12259 11 called call VBD 7960 12259 12 Indians Indians NNPS 7960 12259 13 , , , 7960 12259 14 certainly certainly RB 7960 12259 15 resemble resemble JJ 7960 12259 16 Asiatics asiatic NNS 7960 12259 17 in in IN 7960 12259 18 some some DT 7960 12259 19 physical physical JJ 7960 12259 20 features feature NNS 7960 12259 21 , , , 7960 12259 22 such such JJ 7960 12259 23 as as IN 7960 12259 24 the the DT 7960 12259 25 reddish reddish JJ 7960 12259 26 - - HYPH 7960 12259 27 brown brown NN 7960 12259 28 complexion complexion NN 7960 12259 29 , , , 7960 12259 30 the the DT 7960 12259 31 hair hair NN 7960 12259 32 , , , 7960 12259 33 uniformly uniformly RB 7960 12259 34 black black JJ 7960 12259 35 and and CC 7960 12259 36 lank lank NN 7960 12259 37 , , , 7960 12259 38 the the DT 7960 12259 39 high high JJ 7960 12259 40 cheek cheek NN 7960 12259 41 - - HYPH 7960 12259 42 bones bone NNS 7960 12259 43 , , , 7960 12259 44 and and CC 7960 12259 45 short short JJ 7960 12259 46 stature stature NN 7960 12259 47 of of IN 7960 12259 48 many many JJ 7960 12259 49 tribes tribe NNS 7960 12259 50 . . . 7960 12260 1 On on IN 7960 12260 2 the the DT 7960 12260 3 other other JJ 7960 12260 4 hand hand NN 7960 12260 5 , , , 7960 12260 6 the the DT 7960 12260 7 large large JJ 7960 12260 8 , , , 7960 12260 9 aquiline aquiline NN 7960 12260 10 nose nose NN 7960 12260 11 , , , 7960 12260 12 the the DT 7960 12260 13 straight straight JJ 7960 12260 14 eyes eye NNS 7960 12260 15 , , , 7960 12260 16 never never RB 7960 12260 17 oblique oblique JJ 7960 12260 18 , , , 7960 12260 19 and and CC 7960 12260 20 the the DT 7960 12260 21 tall tall JJ 7960 12260 22 stature stature NN 7960 12260 23 of of IN 7960 12260 24 some some DT 7960 12260 25 tribes tribe NNS 7960 12260 26 are be VBP 7960 12260 27 European european JJ 7960 12260 28 traits trait NNS 7960 12260 29 . . . 7960 12261 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 12261 2 seems seem VBZ 7960 12261 3 safe safe JJ 7960 12261 4 to to TO 7960 12261 5 conclude conclude VB 7960 12261 6 that that IN 7960 12261 7 the the DT 7960 12261 8 American american JJ 7960 12261 9 aborigines aborigine NNS 7960 12261 10 , , , 7960 12261 11 whatever whatever WDT 7960 12261 12 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 12261 13 origin origin NN 7960 12261 14 , , , 7960 12261 15 became become VBD 7960 12261 16 thoroughly thoroughly RB 7960 12261 17 fused fuse VBN 7960 12261 18 into into IN 7960 12261 19 a a DT 7960 12261 20 composite composite JJ 7960 12261 21 race race NN 7960 12261 22 during during IN 7960 12261 23 long long JJ 7960 12261 24 centuries century NNS 7960 12261 25 of of IN 7960 12261 26 isolation isolation NN 7960 12261 27 from from IN 7960 12261 28 the the DT 7960 12261 29 rest rest NN 7960 12261 30 of of IN 7960 12261 31 mankind mankind NN 7960 12261 32 . . . 7960 12262 1 INDIAN INDIAN NNP 7960 12262 2 CULTURE CULTURE NNP 7960 12262 3 Because because IN 7960 12262 4 of of IN 7960 12262 5 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 12262 6 isolation isolation NN 7960 12262 7 the the DT 7960 12262 8 Indians Indians NNPS 7960 12262 9 had have VBD 7960 12262 10 to to TO 7960 12262 11 work work VB 7960 12262 12 out out RP 7960 12262 13 by by IN 7960 12262 14 themselves -PRON- PRP 7960 12262 15 many many JJ 7960 12262 16 arts art NNS 7960 12262 17 , , , 7960 12262 18 inventions invention NNS 7960 12262 19 , , , 7960 12262 20 and and CC 7960 12262 21 discoveries discovery NNS 7960 12262 22 . . . 7960 12263 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 12263 2 spoke speak VBD 7960 12263 3 over over IN 7960 12263 4 a a DT 7960 12263 5 thousand thousand CD 7960 12263 6 languages language NNS 7960 12263 7 and and CC 7960 12263 8 dialects dialect NNS 7960 12263 9 ; ; : 7960 12263 10 and and CC 7960 12263 11 not not RB 7960 12263 12 one one CD 7960 12263 13 has have VBZ 7960 12263 14 yet yet RB 7960 12263 15 been be VBN 7960 12263 16 traced trace VBN 7960 12263 17 outside outside IN 7960 12263 18 of of IN 7960 12263 19 America America NNP 7960 12263 20 . . . 7960 12264 1 Their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 12264 2 implements implement NNS 7960 12264 3 consisted consist VBD 7960 12264 4 of of IN 7960 12264 5 polished polished JJ 7960 12264 6 stone stone NN 7960 12264 7 , , , 7960 12264 8 occasionally occasionally RB 7960 12264 9 of of IN 7960 12264 10 unsmelted unsmelted JJ 7960 12264 11 copper copper NN 7960 12264 12 , , , 7960 12264 13 and and CC 7960 12264 14 in in IN 7960 12264 15 Mexico Mexico NNP 7960 12264 16 and and CC 7960 12264 17 Peru Peru NNP 7960 12264 18 , , , 7960 12264 19 of of IN 7960 12264 20 bronze bronze NN 7960 12264 21 . . . 7960 12265 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 12265 2 cultivated cultivate VBD 7960 12265 3 Indian indian JJ 7960 12265 4 corn corn NN 7960 12265 5 , , , 7960 12265 6 or or CC 7960 12265 7 maize maize NN 7960 12265 8 , , , 7960 12265 9 but but CC 7960 12265 10 lacked lack VBD 7960 12265 11 the the DT 7960 12265 12 other other JJ 7960 12265 13 great great JJ 7960 12265 14 cereals cereal NNS 7960 12265 15 . . . 7960 12266 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 12266 2 domesticated domesticate VBD 7960 12266 3 the the DT 7960 12266 4 dog dog NN 7960 12266 5 and and CC 7960 12266 6 the the DT 7960 12266 7 llama llama NN 7960 12266 8 of of IN 7960 12266 9 the the DT 7960 12266 10 Andes Andes NNP 7960 12266 11 . . . 7960 12267 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 12267 2 lived live VBD 7960 12267 3 in in IN 7960 12267 4 clans clan NNS 7960 12267 5 and and CC 7960 12267 6 tribes tribe NNS 7960 12267 7 , , , 7960 12267 8 ruled rule VBN 7960 12267 9 by by IN 7960 12267 10 headmen headman NNS 7960 12267 11 or or CC 7960 12267 12 chiefs chief NNS 7960 12267 13 . . . 7960 12268 1 Their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 12268 2 religion religion NN 7960 12268 3 probably probably RB 7960 12268 4 did do VBD 7960 12268 5 not not RB 7960 12268 6 involve involve VB 7960 12268 7 a a DT 7960 12268 8 belief belief NN 7960 12268 9 in in IN 7960 12268 10 a a DT 7960 12268 11 " " `` 7960 12268 12 Great Great NNP 7960 12268 13 Spirit Spirit NNP 7960 12268 14 , , , 7960 12268 15 " " '' 7960 12268 16 as as IN 7960 12268 17 is be VBZ 7960 12268 18 so so RB 7960 12268 19 often often RB 7960 12268 20 said say VBN 7960 12268 21 , , , 7960 12268 22 but but CC 7960 12268 23 rather rather RB 7960 12268 24 recognized recognize VBN 7960 12268 25 in in IN 7960 12268 26 all all DT 7960 12268 27 nature nature NN 7960 12268 28 the the DT 7960 12268 29 abode abode NN 7960 12268 30 of of IN 7960 12268 31 spiritual spiritual JJ 7960 12268 32 powers power NNS 7960 12268 33 , , , 7960 12268 34 mysterious mysterious JJ 7960 12268 35 and and CC 7960 12268 36 wonderful wonderful JJ 7960 12268 37 , , , 7960 12268 38 whom whom WP 7960 12268 39 man man NN 7960 12268 40 ought ought MD 7960 12268 41 to to TO 7960 12268 42 conciliate conciliate VB 7960 12268 43 by by IN 7960 12268 44 prayers prayer NNS 7960 12268 45 and and CC 7960 12268 46 sacrifices sacrifice NNS 7960 12268 47 . . . 7960 12269 1 In in IN 7960 12269 2 short short JJ 7960 12269 3 , , , 7960 12269 4 most most JJS 7960 12269 5 of of IN 7960 12269 6 the the DT 7960 12269 7 American American NNP 7960 12269 8 Indians Indians NNPS 7960 12269 9 were be VBD 7960 12269 10 not not RB 7960 12269 11 savages savage NNS 7960 12269 12 , , , 7960 12269 13 but but CC 7960 12269 14 barbarians barbarian NNS 7960 12269 15 well well RB 7960 12269 16 advanced advanced JJ 7960 12269 17 in in IN 7960 12269 18 culture culture NN 7960 12269 19 . . . 7960 12270 1 THE the DT 7960 12270 2 MAYAS MAYAS NNP 7960 12270 3 Indian indian JJ 7960 12270 4 culture culture NN 7960 12270 5 attained attain VBD 7960 12270 6 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 12270 7 highest high JJS 7960 12270 8 development development NN 7960 12270 9 in in IN 7960 12270 10 Mexico Mexico NNP 7960 12270 11 and and CC 7960 12270 12 Central Central NNP 7960 12270 13 America America NNP 7960 12270 14 , , , 7960 12270 15 especially especially RB 7960 12270 16 among among IN 7960 12270 17 the the DT 7960 12270 18 Mayas Mayas NNP 7960 12270 19 of of IN 7960 12270 20 Yucatan Yucatan NNP 7960 12270 21 , , , 7960 12270 22 Guatemala Guatemala NNP 7960 12270 23 , , , 7960 12270 24 and and CC 7960 12270 25 Honduras Honduras NNP 7960 12270 26 . . . 7960 12271 1 The the DT 7960 12271 2 remains remain NNS 7960 12271 3 of of IN 7960 12271 4 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 12271 5 cities city NNS 7960 12271 6 -- -- : 7960 12271 7 the the DT 7960 12271 8 Ninevehs Ninevehs NNP 7960 12271 9 and and CC 7960 12271 10 Babylons Babylons NNPS 7960 12271 11 of of IN 7960 12271 12 the the DT 7960 12271 13 New new JJ 7960 12271 14 World-- world-- NN 7960 12271 15 lie lie NN 7960 12271 16 buried bury VBN 7960 12271 17 in in IN 7960 12271 18 the the DT 7960 12271 19 tropical tropical JJ 7960 12271 20 jungle jungle NN 7960 12271 21 , , , 7960 12271 22 where where WRB 7960 12271 23 Europeans Europeans NNPS 7960 12271 24 first first RB 7960 12271 25 saw see VBD 7960 12271 26 them -PRON- PRP 7960 12271 27 , , , 7960 12271 28 four four CD 7960 12271 29 hundred hundred CD 7960 12271 30 years year NNS 7960 12271 31 ago ago RB 7960 12271 32 . . . 7960 12272 1 The the DT 7960 12272 2 temples temple NNS 7960 12272 3 , , , 7960 12272 4 shrines shrine NNS 7960 12272 5 , , , 7960 12272 6 altars altar NNS 7960 12272 7 , , , 7960 12272 8 and and CC 7960 12272 9 statues statue NNS 7960 12272 10 in in IN 7960 12272 11 these these DT 7960 12272 12 ancient ancient JJ 7960 12272 13 cities city NNS 7960 12272 14 show show VBP 7960 12272 15 that that IN 7960 12272 16 the the DT 7960 12272 17 Mayas Mayas NNP 7960 12272 18 had have VBD 7960 12272 19 made make VBN 7960 12272 20 much much JJ 7960 12272 21 progress progress NN 7960 12272 22 in in IN 7960 12272 23 the the DT 7960 12272 24 fine fine JJ 7960 12272 25 arts art NNS 7960 12272 26 . . . 7960 12273 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 12273 2 knew know VBD 7960 12273 3 enough enough JJ 7960 12273 4 astronomy astronomy NN 7960 12273 5 to to TO 7960 12273 6 frame frame VB 7960 12273 7 a a DT 7960 12273 8 solar solar JJ 7960 12273 9 calendar calendar NN 7960 12273 10 of of IN 7960 12273 11 three three CD 7960 12273 12 hundred hundred CD 7960 12273 13 and and CC 7960 12273 14 sixty sixty CD 7960 12273 15 - - HYPH 7960 12273 16 five five CD 7960 12273 17 days day NNS 7960 12273 18 , , , 7960 12273 19 and and CC 7960 12273 20 enough enough JJ 7960 12273 21 mathematics mathematic NNS 7960 12273 22 to to TO 7960 12273 23 employ employ VB 7960 12273 24 numbers number NNS 7960 12273 25 exceeding exceed VBG 7960 12273 26 a a DT 7960 12273 27 million million CD 7960 12273 28 . . . 7960 12274 1 The the DT 7960 12274 2 writing writing NN 7960 12274 3 of of IN 7960 12274 4 the the DT 7960 12274 5 Mayas Mayas NNP 7960 12274 6 had have VBD 7960 12274 7 reached reach VBN 7960 12274 8 the the DT 7960 12274 9 rebus rebus JJ 7960 12274 10 [ [ -LRB- 7960 12274 11 25 25 CD 7960 12274 12 ] ] -RRB- 7960 12274 13 stage stage NN 7960 12274 14 and and CC 7960 12274 15 promised promise VBD 7960 12274 16 to to TO 7960 12274 17 become become VB 7960 12274 18 alphabetic alphabetic JJ 7960 12274 19 . . . 7960 12275 1 When when WRB 7960 12275 2 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 12275 3 hieroglyphics hieroglyphic NNS 7960 12275 4 have have VBP 7960 12275 5 been be VBN 7960 12275 6 completely completely RB 7960 12275 7 deciphered decipher VBN 7960 12275 8 , , , 7960 12275 9 we -PRON- PRP 7960 12275 10 shall shall MD 7960 12275 11 learn learn VB 7960 12275 12 much much RB 7960 12275 13 more more JJR 7960 12275 14 about about IN 7960 12275 15 this this DT 7960 12275 16 gifted gifted JJ 7960 12275 17 people people NNS 7960 12275 18 . . . 7960 12276 1 THE the DT 7960 12276 2 AZTECS AZTECS NNP 7960 12276 3 Several several JJ 7960 12276 4 centuries century NNS 7960 12276 5 before before IN 7960 12276 6 the the DT 7960 12276 7 arrival arrival NN 7960 12276 8 of of IN 7960 12276 9 Europeans Europeans NNPS 7960 12276 10 in in IN 7960 12276 11 America America NNP 7960 12276 12 , , , 7960 12276 13 the the DT 7960 12276 14 so- so- NN 7960 12276 15 called call VBN 7960 12276 16 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IN 7960 12277 24 the the DT 7960 12277 25 site site NN 7960 12277 26 of of IN 7960 12277 27 the the DT 7960 12277 28 present present JJ 7960 12277 29 city city NN 7960 12277 30 of of IN 7960 12277 31 Mexico Mexico NNP 7960 12277 32 . . . 7960 12278 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 12278 2 Illustration illustration NN 7960 12278 3 : : : 7960 12278 4 AZTEC AZTEC NNP 7960 12278 5 SACRIFICIAL SACRIFICIAL NNP 7960 12278 6 KNIFE KNIFE NNP 7960 12278 7 British British NNP 7960 12278 8 Museum Museum NNP 7960 12278 9 , , , 7960 12278 10 London London NNP 7960 12278 11 . . . 7960 12279 1 Length length NN 7960 12279 2 , , , 7960 12279 3 twelve twelve CD 7960 12279 4 inches inch NNS 7960 12279 5 . . . 7960 12280 1 The the DT 7960 12280 2 blade blade NN 7960 12280 3 is be VBZ 7960 12280 4 of of IN 7960 12280 5 yellow yellow JJ 7960 12280 6 , , , 7960 12280 7 opalescent opalescent JJ 7960 12280 8 chalcedony chalcedony NN 7960 12280 9 , , , 7960 12280 10 beautifully beautifully RB 7960 12280 11 chipped chip VBD 7960 12280 12 and and CC 7960 12280 13 polished polish VBD 7960 12280 14 . . . 7960 12281 1 The the DT 7960 12281 2 handle handle NN 7960 12281 3 is be VBZ 7960 12281 4 of of IN 7960 12281 5 light light JJ 7960 12281 6 - - HYPH 7960 12281 7 colored colored JJ 7960 12281 8 wood wood NN 7960 12281 9 carved carve VBN 7960 12281 10 in in IN 7960 12281 11 the the DT 7960 12281 12 form form NN 7960 12281 13 of of IN 7960 12281 14 a a DT 7960 12281 15 man man NN 7960 12281 16 masked mask VBN 7960 12281 17 with with IN 7960 12281 18 a a DT 7960 12281 19 bird bird NN 7960 12281 20 skin skin NN 7960 12281 21 . . . 7960 12282 1 Brilliant brilliant JJ 7960 12282 2 mosaic mosaic JJ 7960 12282 3 settings setting NNS 7960 12282 4 of of IN 7960 12282 5 turquoise turquoise NN 7960 12282 6 , , , 7960 12282 7 malachite malachite NNP 7960 12282 8 , , , 7960 12282 9 and and CC 7960 12282 10 shell shell NNP 7960 12282 11 embellish embellish VB 7960 12282 12 the the DT 7960 12282 13 figure figure NN 7960 12282 14 . . . 7960 12282 15 ] ] -RRB- 7960 12283 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 12283 2 Illustration illustration NN 7960 12283 3 : : : 7960 12283 4 AZTEC AZTEC NNP 7960 12283 5 SACRIFICIAL SACRIFICIAL NNP 7960 12283 6 STONE STONE NNP 7960 12283 7 Now now RB 7960 12283 8 in in IN 7960 12283 9 the the DT 7960 12283 10 National National NNP 7960 12283 11 Museum Museum NNP 7960 12283 12 in in IN 7960 12283 13 the the DT 7960 12283 14 City City NNP 7960 12283 15 of of IN 7960 12283 16 Mexico Mexico NNP 7960 12283 17 . . . 7960 12283 18 ] ] -RRB- 7960 12284 1 AZTEC AZTEC NNP 7960 12284 2 CULTURE CULTURE NNP 7960 12284 3 The the DT 7960 12284 4 Aztecs Aztecs NNP 7960 12284 5 appear appear VBP 7960 12284 6 to to TO 7960 12284 7 have have VB 7960 12284 8 borrowed borrow VBN 7960 12284 9 much much JJ 7960 12284 10 of of IN 7960 12284 11 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 12284 12 art art NN 7960 12284 13 , , , 7960 12284 14 science science NN 7960 12284 15 , , , 7960 12284 16 and and CC 7960 12284 17 knowledge knowledge NN 7960 12284 18 of of IN 7960 12284 19 writing writing NN 7960 12284 20 from from IN 7960 12284 21 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 12284 22 Maya Maya NNP 7960 12284 23 neighbors neighbor NNS 7960 12284 24 . . . 7960 12285 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 12285 2 built build VBD 7960 12285 3 houses house NNS 7960 12285 4 and and CC 7960 12285 5 temples temple NNS 7960 12285 6 of of IN 7960 12285 7 stone stone NN 7960 12285 8 or or CC 7960 12285 9 sundried sundried JJ 7960 12285 10 brick brick NN 7960 12285 11 , , , 7960 12285 12 constructed construct VBN 7960 12285 13 aqueducts aqueduct NNS 7960 12285 14 , , , 7960 12285 15 roads road NNS 7960 12285 16 , , , 7960 12285 17 and and CC 7960 12285 18 bridges bridge NNS 7960 12285 19 , , , 7960 12285 20 excelled excel VBN 7960 12285 21 in in IN 7960 12285 22 the the DT 7960 12285 23 dyeing dyeing NN 7960 12285 24 , , , 7960 12285 25 weaving weaving NN 7960 12285 26 , , , 7960 12285 27 and and CC 7960 12285 28 spinning spinning NN 7960 12285 29 of of IN 7960 12285 30 cotton cotton NN 7960 12285 31 , , , 7960 12285 32 and and CC 7960 12285 33 made make VBD 7960 12285 34 most most RBS 7960 12285 35 beautiful beautiful JJ 7960 12285 36 ornaments ornament NNS 7960 12285 37 of of IN 7960 12285 38 silver silver NN 7960 12285 39 and and CC 7960 12285 40 gold gold NN 7960 12285 41 . . . 7960 12286 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 12286 2 worshiped worship VBD 7960 12286 3 many many JJ 7960 12286 4 gods god NNS 7960 12286 5 , , , 7960 12286 6 to to TO 7960 12286 7 which which WDT 7960 12286 8 the the DT 7960 12286 9 priests priest NNS 7960 12286 10 offered offer VBD 7960 12286 11 prisoners prisoner NNS 7960 12286 12 of of IN 7960 12286 13 war war NN 7960 12286 14 as as IN 7960 12286 15 human human JJ 7960 12286 16 sacrifices sacrifice NNS 7960 12286 17 . . . 7960 12287 1 In in IN 7960 12287 2 spite spite NN 7960 12287 3 of of IN 7960 12287 4 these these DT 7960 12287 5 bloody bloody JJ 7960 12287 6 rites rite NNS 7960 12287 7 , , , 7960 12287 8 the the DT 7960 12287 9 Aztecs Aztecs NNP 7960 12287 10 were be VBD 7960 12287 11 a a DT 7960 12287 12 kind kind RB 7960 12287 13 - - HYPH 7960 12287 14 hearted hearted JJ 7960 12287 15 , , , 7960 12287 16 honest honest JJ 7960 12287 17 people people NNS 7960 12287 18 , , , 7960 12287 19 respectful respectful JJ 7960 12287 20 of of IN 7960 12287 21 the the DT 7960 12287 22 rights right NNS 7960 12287 23 of of IN 7960 12287 24 property property NN 7960 12287 25 , , , 7960 12287 26 brave brave JJ 7960 12287 27 in in IN 7960 12287 28 battle battle NN 7960 12287 29 , , , 7960 12287 30 and and CC 7960 12287 31 obedient obedient JJ 7960 12287 32 to to IN 7960 12287 33 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 12287 34 native native JJ 7960 12287 35 rulers ruler NNS 7960 12287 36 . . . 7960 12288 1 Aztec aztec JJ 7960 12288 2 culture culture NN 7960 12288 3 in in IN 7960 12288 4 some some DT 7960 12288 5 ways way NNS 7960 12288 6 was be VBD 7960 12288 7 scarcely scarcely RB 7960 12288 8 inferior inferior JJ 7960 12288 9 to to IN 7960 12288 10 that that DT 7960 12288 11 of of IN 7960 12288 12 the the DT 7960 12288 13 ancient ancient JJ 7960 12288 14 Egyptians Egyptians NNPS 7960 12288 15 . . . 7960 12289 1 THE the DT 7960 12289 2 INCAS inca NNS 7960 12289 3 The the DT 7960 12289 4 lofty lofty JJ 7960 12289 5 table table NN 7960 12289 6 - - HYPH 7960 12289 7 lands land NNS 7960 12289 8 of of IN 7960 12289 9 the the DT 7960 12289 10 Andes Andes NNPS 7960 12289 11 were be VBD 7960 12289 12 also also RB 7960 12289 13 the the DT 7960 12289 14 seat seat NN 7960 12289 15 of of IN 7960 12289 16 an an DT 7960 12289 17 advanced advanced JJ 7960 12289 18 Indian indian JJ 7960 12289 19 culture culture NN 7960 12289 20 . . . 7960 12290 1 At at IN 7960 12290 2 the the DT 7960 12290 3 time time NN 7960 12290 4 of of IN 7960 12290 5 the the DT 7960 12290 6 Spanish Spanish NNP 7960 12290 7 conquest conquest NN 7960 12290 8 the the DT 7960 12290 9 greater great JJR 7960 12290 10 part part NN 7960 12290 11 of of IN 7960 12290 12 what what WP 7960 12290 13 is be VBZ 7960 12290 14 now now RB 7960 12290 15 Ecuador Ecuador NNP 7960 12290 16 , , , 7960 12290 17 Peru Peru NNP 7960 12290 18 , , , 7960 12290 19 Bolivia Bolivia NNP 7960 12290 20 , , , 7960 12290 21 and and CC 7960 12290 22 northern northern JJ 7960 12290 23 Chile Chile NNP 7960 12290 24 had have VBD 7960 12290 25 come come VBN 7960 12290 26 under under IN 7960 12290 27 the the DT 7960 12290 28 sway sway NN 7960 12290 29 of of IN 7960 12290 30 the the DT 7960 12290 31 Incas Incas NNP 7960 12290 32 , , , 7960 12290 33 the the DT 7960 12290 34 " " `` 7960 12290 35 people people NNS 7960 12290 36 of of IN 7960 12290 37 the the DT 7960 12290 38 sun sun NN 7960 12290 39 " " '' 7960 12290 40 . . . 7960 12291 1 The the DT 7960 12291 2 Inca Inca NNP 7960 12291 3 power power NN 7960 12291 4 centered center VBN 7960 12291 5 in in IN 7960 12291 6 the the DT 7960 12291 7 Peruvian peruvian JJ 7960 12291 8 city city NN 7960 12291 9 of of IN 7960 12291 10 Cuzco Cuzco NNP 7960 12291 11 and and CC 7960 12291 12 on on IN 7960 12291 13 the the DT 7960 12291 14 shores shore NNS 7960 12291 15 of of IN 7960 12291 16 Lake Lake NNP 7960 12291 17 Titicaca Titicaca NNP 7960 12291 18 , , , 7960 12291 19 which which WDT 7960 12291 20 lies lie VBZ 7960 12291 21 twelve twelve CD 7960 12291 22 thousand thousand CD 7960 12291 23 feet foot NNS 7960 12291 24 above above IN 7960 12291 25 sea sea NN 7960 12291 26 - - HYPH 7960 12291 27 level level NN 7960 12291 28 . . . 7960 12292 1 In in IN 7960 12292 2 this this DT 7960 12292 3 region region NN 7960 12292 4 of of IN 7960 12292 5 magnificent magnificent JJ 7960 12292 6 scenery scenery NN 7960 12292 7 the the DT 7960 12292 8 traveler traveler NN 7960 12292 9 views view VBZ 7960 12292 10 with with IN 7960 12292 11 astonishment astonishment NN 7960 12292 12 the the DT 7960 12292 13 ruins ruin NNS 7960 12292 14 of of IN 7960 12292 15 vast vast JJ 7960 12292 16 edifices edifice NNS 7960 12292 17 , , , 7960 12292 18 apparently apparently RB 7960 12292 19 never never RB 7960 12292 20 completed complete VBN 7960 12292 21 , , , 7960 12292 22 which which WDT 7960 12292 23 were be VBD 7960 12292 24 raised raise VBN 7960 12292 25 either either CC 7960 12292 26 by by IN 7960 12292 27 the the DT 7960 12292 28 Incas Incas NNP 7960 12292 29 or or CC 7960 12292 30 the the DT 7960 12292 31 Indians Indians NNPS 7960 12292 32 whom whom WP 7960 12292 33 they -PRON- PRP 7960 12292 34 conquered conquer VBD 7960 12292 35 and and CC 7960 12292 36 displaced displace VBD 7960 12292 37 . . . 7960 12293 1 Though though IN 7960 12293 2 the the DT 7960 12293 3 culture culture NN 7960 12293 4 of of IN 7960 12293 5 the the DT 7960 12293 6 Incas Incas NNP 7960 12293 7 resembled resemble VBN 7960 12293 8 in in IN 7960 12293 9 many many JJ 7960 12293 10 ways way NNS 7960 12293 11 that that DT 7960 12293 12 of of IN 7960 12293 13 the the DT 7960 12293 14 Aztecs Aztecs NNP 7960 12293 15 , , , 7960 12293 16 the the DT 7960 12293 17 two two CD 7960 12293 18 peoples people NNS 7960 12293 19 probably probably RB 7960 12293 20 never never RB 7960 12293 21 had have VBD 7960 12293 22 any any DT 7960 12293 23 intercourse intercourse NN 7960 12293 24 and and CC 7960 12293 25 hence hence RB 7960 12293 26 remained remain VBD 7960 12293 27 totally totally RB 7960 12293 28 unaware unaware JJ 7960 12293 29 of of IN 7960 12293 30 each each DT 7960 12293 31 other other JJ 7960 12293 32 's 's POS 7960 12293 33 existence existence NN 7960 12293 34 . . . 7960 12294 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 12294 2 Illustration illustration NN 7960 12294 3 : : : 7960 12294 4 Map Map NNP 7960 12294 5 , , , 7960 12294 6 WEST WEST NNP 7960 12294 7 INDIES INDIES NNP 7960 12294 8 ] ] -RRB- 7960 12294 9 224 224 CD 7960 12294 10 . . . 7960 12295 1 SPANISH SPANISH NNP 7960 12295 2 EXPLORATIONS EXPLORATIONS NNP 7960 12295 3 AND and CC 7960 12295 4 CONQUESTS conquest NNS 7960 12295 5 IN in IN 7960 12295 6 AMERICA america JJ 7960 12295 7 OBJECTS object NNS 7960 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tragedy tragedy NN 7960 12330 4 was be VBD 7960 12330 5 not not RB 7960 12330 6 repeated repeat VBN 7960 12330 7 on on IN 7960 12330 8 the the DT 7960 12330 9 mainland mainland NN 7960 12330 10 , , , 7960 12330 11 for for IN 7960 12330 12 the the DT 7960 12330 13 Spanish spanish JJ 7960 12330 14 government government NN 7960 12330 15 stepped step VBD 7960 12330 16 in in RB 7960 12330 17 to to TO 7960 12330 18 preserve preserve VB 7960 12330 19 the the DT 7960 12330 20 aborigines aborigine NNS 7960 12330 21 from from IN 7960 12330 22 destruction destruction NN 7960 12330 23 . . . 7960 12331 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 12331 2 prohibited prohibit VBD 7960 12331 3 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 12331 4 enslavement enslavement NN 7960 12331 5 and and CC 7960 12331 6 gave give VBD 7960 12331 7 them -PRON- PRP 7960 12331 8 the the DT 7960 12331 9 protection protection NN 7960 12331 10 of of IN 7960 12331 11 humane humane JJ 7960 12331 12 laws law NNS 7960 12331 13 . . . 7960 12332 1 Though though IN 7960 12332 2 these these DT 7960 12332 3 laws law NNS 7960 12332 4 were be VBD 7960 12332 5 not not RB 7960 12332 6 always always RB 7960 12332 7 well well RB 7960 12332 8 enforced enforce VBN 7960 12332 9 , , , 7960 12332 10 the the DT 7960 12332 11 Indians Indians NNPS 7960 12332 12 of of IN 7960 12332 13 Mexico Mexico NNP 7960 12332 14 and and CC 7960 12332 15 Peru Peru NNP 7960 12332 16 increased increase VBD 7960 12332 17 in in IN 7960 12332 18 numbers number NNS 7960 12332 19 under under IN 7960 12332 20 Spanish spanish JJ 7960 12332 21 rule rule NN 7960 12332 22 and and CC 7960 12332 23 often often RB 7960 12332 24 became become VBD 7960 12332 25 prosperous prosperous JJ 7960 12332 26 traders trader NNS 7960 12332 27 , , , 7960 12332 28 farmers farmer NNS 7960 12332 29 , , , 7960 12332 30 and and CC 7960 12332 31 artisans artisan NNS 7960 12332 32 . . . 7960 12333 1 CONVERSION conversion RB 7960 12333 2 OF of IN 7960 12333 3 THE the DT 7960 12333 4 INDIANS INDIANS NNP 7960 12333 5 The the DT 7960 12333 6 Spaniards Spaniards NNPS 7960 12333 7 succeeded succeed VBD 7960 12333 8 in in IN 7960 12333 9 winning win VBG 7960 12333 10 many many JJ 7960 12333 11 of of IN 7960 12333 12 the the DT 7960 12333 13 Indians Indians NNPS 7960 12333 14 to to IN 7960 12333 15 Christianity Christianity NNP 7960 12333 16 . . . 7960 12334 1 Devoted devoted JJ 7960 12334 2 monks monk NNS 7960 12334 3 penetrated penetrate VBD 7960 12334 4 deep deep RB 7960 12334 5 into into IN 7960 12334 6 the the DT 7960 12334 7 wilderness wilderness NN 7960 12334 8 and and CC 7960 12334 9 brought bring VBD 7960 12334 10 to to IN 7960 12334 11 the the DT 7960 12334 12 aborigines aborigine NNS 7960 12334 13 , , , 7960 12334 14 not not RB 7960 12334 15 only only RB 7960 12334 16 the the DT 7960 12334 17 Christian christian JJ 7960 12334 18 religion religion NN 7960 12334 19 , , , 7960 12334 20 but but CC 7960 12334 21 also also RB 7960 12334 22 European european JJ 7960 12334 23 civilization civilization NN 7960 12334 24 . . . 7960 12335 1 In in IN 7960 12335 2 many many JJ 7960 12335 3 places place NNS 7960 12335 4 the the DT 7960 12335 5 natives native NNS 7960 12335 6 were be VBD 7960 12335 7 gathered gather VBN 7960 12335 8 into into IN 7960 12335 9 permanent permanent JJ 7960 12335 10 villages village NNS 7960 12335 11 , , , 7960 12335 12 or or CC 7960 12335 13 " " `` 7960 12335 14 missions mission NNS 7960 12335 15 , , , 7960 12335 16 " " '' 7960 12335 17 each each DT 7960 12335 18 one one NN 7960 12335 19 with with IN 7960 12335 20 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 12335 21 church church NN 7960 12335 22 and and CC 7960 12335 23 school school NN 7960 12335 24 . . . 7960 12336 1 Converts convert NNS 7960 12336 2 who who WP 7960 12336 3 learned learn VBD 7960 12336 4 to to TO 7960 12336 5 read read VB 7960 12336 6 and and CC 7960 12336 7 write write VB 7960 12336 8 often often RB 7960 12336 9 became become VBD 7960 12336 10 priests priest NNS 7960 12336 11 or or CC 7960 12336 12 entered enter VBD 7960 12336 13 the the DT 7960 12336 14 monastic monastic JJ 7960 12336 15 orders order NNS 7960 12336 16 . . . 7960 12337 1 The the DT 7960 12337 2 monks monk NNS 7960 12337 3 also also RB 7960 12337 4 took take VBD 7960 12337 5 much much JJ 7960 12337 6 interest interest NN 7960 12337 7 in in IN 7960 12337 8 the the DT 7960 12337 9 material material JJ 7960 12337 10 welfare welfare NN 7960 12337 11 of of IN 7960 12337 12 the the DT 7960 12337 13 Indians Indians NNPS 7960 12337 14 and and CC 7960 12337 15 taught teach VBD 7960 12337 16 them -PRON- PRP 7960 12337 17 how how WRB 7960 12337 18 to to IN 7960 12337 19 farm farm NN 7960 12337 20 , , , 7960 12337 21 how how WRB 7960 12337 22 to to TO 7960 12337 23 build build VB 7960 12337 24 houses house NNS 7960 12337 25 , , , 7960 12337 26 and and CC 7960 12337 27 how how WRB 7960 12337 28 to to TO 7960 12337 29 spin spin VB 7960 12337 30 and and CC 7960 12337 31 weave weave VB 7960 12337 32 and and CC 7960 12337 33 cook cook NN 7960 12337 34 by by IN 7960 12337 35 better well JJR 7960 12337 36 methods method NNS 7960 12337 37 than than IN 7960 12337 38 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 12337 39 own own JJ 7960 12337 40 . . . 7960 12338 1 THE the DT 7960 12338 2 CALIFORNIA CALIFORNIA NNP 7960 12338 3 MISSIONS mission VBZ 7960 12338 4 The the DT 7960 12338 5 most most RBS 7960 12338 6 familiar familiar JJ 7960 12338 7 examples example NNS 7960 12338 8 of of IN 7960 12338 9 the the DT 7960 12338 10 Spanish spanish JJ 7960 12338 11 missions mission NNS 7960 12338 12 are be VBP 7960 12338 13 those those DT 7960 12338 14 in in IN 7960 12338 15 the the DT 7960 12338 16 state state NN 7960 12338 17 of of IN 7960 12338 18 California California NNP 7960 12338 19 . . . 7960 12339 1 During during IN 7960 12339 2 the the DT 7960 12339 3 last last JJ 7960 12339 4 quarter quarter NN 7960 12339 5 of of IN 7960 12339 6 the the DT 7960 12339 7 eighteenth eighteenth JJ 7960 12339 8 century century NN 7960 12339 9 Franciscan franciscan JJ 7960 12339 10 friars friar NNS 7960 12339 11 missions mission NNS 7960 12339 12 erected erect VBD 7960 12339 13 no no DT 7960 12339 14 less less JJR 7960 12339 15 than than IN 7960 12339 16 eighteen eighteen CD 7960 12339 17 mission mission NN 7960 12339 18 stations station NNS 7960 12339 19 along along IN 7960 12339 20 the the DT 7960 12339 21 Pacific Pacific NNP 7960 12339 22 coast coast NN 7960 12339 23 from from IN 7960 12339 24 San San NNP 7960 12339 25 Diego Diego NNP 7960 12339 26 to to IN 7960 12339 27 San San NNP 7960 12339 28 Francisco Francisco NNP 7960 12339 29 . . . 7960 12340 1 The the DT 7960 12340 2 stations station NNS 7960 12340 3 were be VBD 7960 12340 4 connected connect VBN 7960 12340 5 by by IN 7960 12340 6 the the DT 7960 12340 7 " " `` 7960 12340 8 King King NNP 7960 12340 9 's 's POS 7960 12340 10 Road Road NNP 7960 12340 11 " " '' 7960 12340 12 [ [ -LRB- 7960 12340 13 29 29 CD 7960 12340 14 ] ] -RRB- 7960 12340 15 which which WDT 7960 12340 16 still still RB 7960 12340 17 remains remain VBZ 7960 12340 18 the the DT 7960 12340 19 principal principal JJ 7960 12340 20 highway highway NN 7960 12340 21 of of IN 7960 12340 22 the the DT 7960 12340 23 state state NN 7960 12340 24 . . . 7960 12341 1 Some some DT 7960 12341 2 of of IN 7960 12341 3 the the DT 7960 12341 4 mission mission NN 7960 12341 5 buildings building NNS 7960 12341 6 now now RB 7960 12341 7 lie lie VBP 7960 12341 8 in in IN 7960 12341 9 ruins ruin NNS 7960 12341 10 and and CC 7960 12341 11 others other NNS 7960 12341 12 have have VBP 7960 12341 13 entirely entirely RB 7960 12341 14 disappeared disappear VBN 7960 12341 15 . . . 7960 12342 1 But but CC 7960 12342 2 such such PDT 7960 12342 3 a a DT 7960 12342 4 well well RB 7960 12342 5 - - HYPH 7960 12342 6 preserved preserve VBN 7960 12342 7 structure structure NN 7960 12342 8 as as IN 7960 12342 9 the the DT 7960 12342 10 mission mission NN 7960 12342 11 of of IN 7960 12342 12 Santa Santa NNP 7960 12342 13 Barbara Barbara NNP 7960 12342 14 recalls recall VBZ 7960 12342 15 a a DT 7960 12342 16 Benedictine benedictine JJ 7960 12342 17 monastery monastery NN 7960 12342 18 , , , 7960 12342 19 [ [ -LRB- 7960 12342 20 30 30 CD 7960 12342 21 ] ] -RRB- 7960 12342 22 with with IN 7960 12342 23 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 12342 24 shady shady JJ 7960 12342 25 cloisters cloister NNS 7960 12342 26 , , , 7960 12342 27 secluded secluded JJ 7960 12342 28 courtyard courtyard NN 7960 12342 29 , , , 7960 12342 30 and and CC 7960 12342 31 timbered timbere VBD 7960 12342 32 roof roof NN 7960 12342 33 covered cover VBN 7960 12342 34 with with IN 7960 12342 35 red red JJ 7960 12342 36 tiles tile NNS 7960 12342 37 . . . 7960 12343 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 12343 2 is be VBZ 7960 12343 3 a a DT 7960 12343 4 bit bit NN 7960 12343 5 of of IN 7960 12343 6 the the DT 7960 12343 7 Old Old NNP 7960 12343 8 World World NNP 7960 12343 9 transplanted transplant VBD 7960 12343 10 to to IN 7960 12343 11 the the DT 7960 12343 12 New New NNP 7960 12343 13 . . . 7960 12344 1 SPANISH spanish JJ 7960 12344 2 AMERICAN AMERICAN NNP 7960 12344 3 CIVILIZATION CIVILIZATION VBD 7960 12344 4 The the DT 7960 12344 5 civilizing civilize VBG 7960 12344 6 work work NN 7960 12344 7 of of IN 7960 12344 8 Spain Spain NNP 7960 12344 9 in in IN 7960 12344 10 the the DT 7960 12344 11 New New NNP 7960 12344 12 World World NNP 7960 12344 13 is be VBZ 7960 12344 14 sometimes sometimes RB 7960 12344 15 forgotten forget VBN 7960 12344 16 . . . 7960 12345 1 Here here RB 7960 12345 2 were be VBD 7960 12345 3 the the DT 7960 12345 4 earliest early JJS 7960 12345 5 American american JJ 7960 12345 6 hospitals hospital NNS 7960 12345 7 and and CC 7960 12345 8 asylums asylum NNS 7960 12345 9 , , , 7960 12345 10 for for IN 7960 12345 11 the the DT 7960 12345 12 use use NN 7960 12345 13 of of IN 7960 12345 14 Indians Indians NNPS 7960 12345 15 and and CC 7960 12345 16 negroes negro NNS 7960 12345 17 as as RB 7960 12345 18 well well RB 7960 12345 19 as as IN 7960 12345 20 of of IN 7960 12345 21 Spaniards Spaniards NNPS 7960 12345 22 . . . 7960 12346 1 Here here RB 7960 12346 2 were be VBD 7960 12346 3 the the DT 7960 12346 4 earliest early JJS 7960 12346 5 American american JJ 7960 12346 6 schools school NNS 7960 12346 7 and and CC 7960 12346 8 colleges college NNS 7960 12346 9 . . . 7960 12347 1 Twelve twelve CD 7960 12347 2 institutions institution NNS 7960 12347 3 of of IN 7960 12347 4 higher high JJR 7960 12347 5 learning learning NN 7960 12347 6 , , , 7960 12347 7 all all DT 7960 12347 8 modeled model VBN 7960 12347 9 upon upon IN 7960 12347 10 the the DT 7960 12347 11 university university NN 7960 12347 12 of of IN 7960 12347 13 Salamanca Salamanca NNP 7960 12347 14 , , , 7960 12347 15 arose arise VBD 7960 12347 16 in in IN 7960 12347 17 Spanish Spanish NNP 7960 12347 18 America America NNP 7960 12347 19 during during IN 7960 12347 20 the the DT 7960 12347 21 colonial colonial JJ 7960 12347 22 period period NN 7960 12347 23 . . . 7960 12348 1 Eight eight CD 7960 12348 2 of of IN 7960 12348 3 these these DT 7960 12348 4 came come VBD 7960 12348 5 into into IN 7960 12348 6 existence existence NN 7960 12348 7 before before IN 7960 12348 8 the the DT 7960 12348 9 creation creation NN 7960 12348 10 in in IN 7960 12348 11 1636 1636 CD 7960 12348 12 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 12348 13 of of IN 7960 12348 14 Harvard Harvard NNP 7960 12348 15 University University NNP 7960 12348 16 , , , 7960 12348 17 the the DT 7960 12348 18 oldest old JJS 7960 12348 19 in in IN 7960 12348 20 the the DT 7960 12348 21 United United NNP 7960 12348 22 States States NNP 7960 12348 23 . . . 7960 12349 1 The the DT 7960 12349 2 pioneer pioneer NN 7960 12349 3 printing print VBG 7960 12349 4 press press NN 7960 12349 5 in in IN 7960 12349 6 the the DT 7960 12349 7 Western Western NNP 7960 12349 8 Hemisphere Hemisphere NNP 7960 12349 9 was be VBD 7960 12349 10 set set VBN 7960 12349 11 up up RP 7960 12349 12 at at IN 7960 12349 13 Mexico Mexico NNP 7960 12349 14 City City NNP 7960 12349 15 in in IN 7960 12349 16 1535 1535 CD 7960 12349 17 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 12349 18 ; ; : 7960 12349 19 no no DT 7960 12349 20 printing print VBG 7960 12349 21 press press NN 7960 12349 22 reached reach VBD 7960 12349 23 the the DT 7960 12349 24 English english JJ 7960 12349 25 colonies colony NNS 7960 12349 26 till till IN 7960 12349 27 more more JJR 7960 12349 28 than than IN 7960 12349 29 one one CD 7960 12349 30 hundred hundred CD 7960 12349 31 years year NNS 7960 12349 32 later later RB 7960 12349 33 . . . 7960 12350 1 To to IN 7960 12350 2 the the DT 7960 12350 3 valuable valuable JJ 7960 12350 4 books book NNS 7960 12350 5 by by IN 7960 12350 6 Spanish spanish JJ 7960 12350 7 scholars scholar NNS 7960 12350 8 we -PRON- PRP 7960 12350 9 owe owe VBP 7960 12350 10 much much JJ 7960 12350 11 of of IN 7960 12350 12 our -PRON- PRP$ 7960 12350 13 knowledge knowledge NN 7960 12350 14 of of IN 7960 12350 15 the the DT 7960 12350 16 Mayas Mayas NNP 7960 12350 17 , , , 7960 12350 18 Aztecs Aztecs NNP 7960 12350 19 , , , 7960 12350 20 and and CC 7960 12350 21 other other JJ 7960 12350 22 Indian indian JJ 7960 12350 23 tribes tribe NNS 7960 12350 24 . . . 7960 12351 1 The the DT 7960 12351 2 first first JJ 7960 12351 3 American american JJ 7960 12351 4 newspaper newspaper NN 7960 12351 5 was be VBD 7960 12351 6 published publish VBN 7960 12351 7 at at IN 7960 12351 8 Mexico Mexico NNP 7960 12351 9 City City NNP 7960 12351 10 in in IN 7960 12351 11 1693 1693 CD 7960 12351 12 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 12352 1 The the DT 7960 12352 2 fine fine JJ 7960 12352 3 arts art NNS 7960 12352 4 also also RB 7960 12352 5 flourished flourish VBD 7960 12352 6 in in IN 7960 12352 7 the the DT 7960 12352 8 Spanish spanish JJ 7960 12352 9 colonies colony NNS 7960 12352 10 , , , 7960 12352 11 and and CC 7960 12352 12 architects architect NNS 7960 12352 13 of of IN 7960 12352 14 the the DT 7960 12352 15 United United NNP 7960 12352 16 States States NNP 7960 12352 17 have have VBP 7960 12352 18 now now RB 7960 12352 19 begun begin VBN 7960 12352 20 to to TO 7960 12352 21 copy copy VB 7960 12352 22 the the DT 7960 12352 23 beautiful beautiful JJ 7960 12352 24 churches church NNS 7960 12352 25 and and CC 7960 12352 26 public public JJ 7960 12352 27 buildings building NNS 7960 12352 28 of of IN 7960 12352 29 Mexico Mexico NNP 7960 12352 30 and and CC 7960 12352 31 Peru Peru NNP 7960 12352 32 . . . 7960 12353 1 SPANISH spanish JJ 7960 12353 2 COLONIAL colonial NN 7960 12353 3 POLICY POLICY NNP 7960 12353 4 The the DT 7960 12353 5 government government NN 7960 12353 6 of of IN 7960 12353 7 Spain Spain NNP 7960 12353 8 administered administer VBD 7960 12353 9 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 12353 10 colonial colonial JJ 7960 12353 11 dominions dominion NNS 7960 12353 12 in in IN 7960 12353 13 the the DT 7960 12353 14 spirit spirit NN 7960 12353 15 of of IN 7960 12353 16 monopoly monopoly NN 7960 12353 17 . . . 7960 12354 1 As as RB 7960 12354 2 far far RB 7960 12354 3 as as IN 7960 12354 4 possible possible JJ 7960 12354 5 it -PRON- PRP 7960 12354 6 excluded exclude VBD 7960 12354 7 French French NNP 7960 12354 8 , , , 7960 12354 9 English English NNP 7960 12354 10 , , , 7960 12354 11 and and CC 7960 12354 12 other other JJ 7960 12354 13 foreigners foreigner NNS 7960 12354 14 from from IN 7960 12354 15 trading trade VBG 7960 12354 16 with with IN 7960 12354 17 Spanish Spanish NNP 7960 12354 18 America America NNP 7960 12354 19 . . . 7960 12355 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 12355 2 also also RB 7960 12355 3 discouraged discourage VBD 7960 12355 4 ship- ship- JJ 7960 12355 5 building building NN 7960 12355 6 , , , 7960 12355 7 manufacturing manufacturing NN 7960 12355 8 , , , 7960 12355 9 and and CC 7960 12355 10 even even RB 7960 12355 11 the the DT 7960 12355 12 cultivation cultivation NN 7960 12355 13 of of IN 7960 12355 14 the the DT 7960 12355 15 vine vine NN 7960 12355 16 and and CC 7960 12355 17 the the DT 7960 12355 18 olive olive NN 7960 12355 19 , , , 7960 12355 20 lest lest IN 7960 12355 21 the the DT 7960 12355 22 colonists colonist NNS 7960 12355 23 should should MD 7960 12355 24 compete compete VB 7960 12355 25 with with IN 7960 12355 26 home home NN 7960 12355 27 industries industry NNS 7960 12355 28 . . . 7960 12356 1 The the DT 7960 12356 2 colonies colony NNS 7960 12356 3 were be VBD 7960 12356 4 regarded regard VBN 7960 12356 5 only only RB 7960 12356 6 as as IN 7960 12356 7 a a DT 7960 12356 8 workshop workshop NN 7960 12356 9 for for IN 7960 12356 10 the the DT 7960 12356 11 production production NN 7960 12356 12 of of IN 7960 12356 13 the the DT 7960 12356 14 precious precious JJ 7960 12356 15 metals metal NNS 7960 12356 16 and and CC 7960 12356 17 raw raw JJ 7960 12356 18 materials material NNS 7960 12356 19 . . . 7960 12357 1 This this DT 7960 12357 2 unwise unwise JJ 7960 12357 3 policy policy NN 7960 12357 4 very very RB 7960 12357 5 largely largely RB 7960 12357 6 accounts account VBZ 7960 12357 7 for for IN 7960 12357 8 the the DT 7960 12357 9 economic economic JJ 7960 12357 10 backwardness backwardness NN 7960 12357 11 of of IN 7960 12357 12 Mexico Mexico NNP 7960 12357 13 , , , 7960 12357 14 Peru Peru NNP 7960 12357 15 , , , 7960 12357 16 and and CC 7960 12357 17 other other JJ 7960 12357 18 Spanish- Spanish- NNP 7960 12357 19 American american JJ 7960 12357 20 countries country NNS 7960 12357 21 at at IN 7960 12357 22 the the DT 7960 12357 23 present present JJ 7960 12357 24 day day NN 7960 12357 25 . . . 7960 12358 1 Their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 12358 2 rich rich JJ 7960 12358 3 natural natural JJ 7960 12358 4 resources resource NNS 7960 12358 5 have have VBP 7960 12358 6 as as RB 7960 12358 7 yet yet RB 7960 12358 8 scarcely scarcely RB 7960 12358 9 begun begin VBN 7960 12358 10 to to TO 7960 12358 11 be be VB 7960 12358 12 utilized utilize VBN 7960 12358 13 . . . 7960 12359 1 226 226 CD 7960 12359 2 . . . 7960 12360 1 ENGLISH ENGLISH NNP 7960 12360 2 AND and CC 7960 12360 3 FRENCH FRENCH NNS 7960 12360 4 EXPLORATIONS exploration NNS 7960 12360 5 IN in IN 7960 12360 6 AMERICA AMERICA NNP 7960 12360 7 THE the DT 7960 12360 8 CABOT CABOT NNP 7960 12360 9 VOYAGES voyages NN 7960 12360 10 , , , 7960 12360 11 1497 1497 CD 7960 12360 12 - - SYM 7960 12360 13 1498 1498 CD 7960 12360 14 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 12361 1 The the DT 7960 12361 2 English English NNP 7960 12361 3 based base VBD 7960 12361 4 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 12361 5 claim claim NN 7960 12361 6 to to IN 7960 12361 7 the the DT 7960 12361 8 right right NN 7960 12361 9 to to TO 7960 12361 10 colonize colonize VB 7960 12361 11 North North NNP 7960 12361 12 America America NNP 7960 12361 13 on on IN 7960 12361 14 the the DT 7960 12361 15 discoveries discovery NNS 7960 12361 16 of of IN 7960 12361 17 John John NNP 7960 12361 18 Cabot Cabot NNP 7960 12361 19 , , , 7960 12361 20 an an DT 7960 12361 21 Italian italian JJ 7960 12361 22 mariner mariner NN 7960 12361 23 in in IN 7960 12361 24 the the DT 7960 12361 25 service service NN 7960 12361 26 of of IN 7960 12361 27 the the DT 7960 12361 28 Tudor Tudor NNP 7960 12361 29 king king NN 7960 12361 30 , , , 7960 12361 31 Henry Henry NNP 7960 12361 32 VII VII NNP 7960 12361 33 . . . 7960 12362 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 12362 2 31 31 CD 7960 12362 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 12362 4 In in IN 7960 12362 5 1497 1497 CD 7960 12362 6 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 12362 7 Cabot Cabot NNP 7960 12362 8 sailed sail VBD 7960 12362 9 from from IN 7960 12362 10 Bristol Bristol NNP 7960 12362 11 across across IN 7960 12362 12 the the DT 7960 12362 13 northern northern JJ 7960 12362 14 Atlantic Atlantic NNP 7960 12362 15 and and CC 7960 12362 16 made make VBD 7960 12362 17 land land NN 7960 12362 18 somewhere somewhere RB 7960 12362 19 between between IN 7960 12362 20 Labrador Labrador NNP 7960 12362 21 and and CC 7960 12362 22 Nova Nova NNP 7960 12362 23 Scotia Scotia NNP 7960 12362 24 . . . 7960 12363 1 The the DT 7960 12363 2 following following JJ 7960 12363 3 year year NN 7960 12363 4 he -PRON- PRP 7960 12363 5 seems seem VBZ 7960 12363 6 to to TO 7960 12363 7 have have VB 7960 12363 8 undertaken undertake VBN 7960 12363 9 a a DT 7960 12363 10 second second JJ 7960 12363 11 voyage voyage NN 7960 12363 12 and and CC 7960 12363 13 to to TO 7960 12363 14 have have VB 7960 12363 15 explored explore VBN 7960 12363 16 the the DT 7960 12363 17 coast coast NN 7960 12363 18 of of IN 7960 12363 19 North North NNP 7960 12363 20 America America NNP 7960 12363 21 nearly nearly RB 7960 12363 22 as as RB 7960 12363 23 far far RB 7960 12363 24 as as IN 7960 12363 25 Florida Florida NNP 7960 12363 26 . . . 7960 12364 1 Cabot Cabot NNP 7960 12364 2 , , , 7960 12364 3 like like IN 7960 12364 4 Columbus Columbus NNP 7960 12364 5 , , , 7960 12364 6 believed believe VBD 7960 12364 7 he -PRON- PRP 7960 12364 8 had have VBD 7960 12364 9 reached reach VBN 7960 12364 10 Cathay Cathay NNP 7960 12364 11 and and CC 7960 12364 12 the the DT 7960 12364 13 dominions dominion NNS 7960 12364 14 of of IN 7960 12364 15 the the DT 7960 12364 16 Great Great NNP 7960 12364 17 Khan Khan NNP 7960 12364 18 . . . 7960 12365 1 Because because IN 7960 12365 2 Cabot Cabot NNP 7960 12365 3 found find VBD 7960 12365 4 neither neither CC 7960 12365 5 gold gold NN 7960 12365 6 nor nor CC 7960 12365 7 opportunities opportunity NNS 7960 12365 8 for for IN 7960 12365 9 profitable profitable JJ 7960 12365 10 trade trade NN 7960 12365 11 , , , 7960 12365 12 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 12365 13 expeditions expedition NNS 7960 12365 14 were be VBD 7960 12365 15 considered consider VBN 7960 12365 16 a a DT 7960 12365 17 failure failure NN 7960 12365 18 , , , 7960 12365 19 and and CC 7960 12365 20 for for IN 7960 12365 21 a a DT 7960 12365 22 long long JJ 7960 12365 23 time time NN 7960 12365 24 the the DT 7960 12365 25 English English NNP 7960 12365 26 took take VBD 7960 12365 27 no no DT 7960 12365 28 further further JJ 7960 12365 29 interest interest NN 7960 12365 30 in in IN 7960 12365 31 exploring explore VBG 7960 12365 32 the the DT 7960 12365 33 New New NNP 7960 12365 34 World World NNP 7960 12365 35 . . . 7960 12366 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 12366 2 Illustration illustration NN 7960 12366 3 : : : 7960 12366 4 CABOT cabot NN 7960 12366 5 MEMORIAL MEMORIAL NNP 7960 12366 6 TOWER TOWER NNP 7960 12366 7 Erected erect VBN 7960 12366 8 at at IN 7960 12366 9 Bristol Bristol NNP 7960 12366 10 , , , 7960 12366 11 England England NNP 7960 12366 12 , , , 7960 12366 13 in in IN 7960 12366 14 memory memory NN 7960 12366 15 of of IN 7960 12366 16 John John NNP 7960 12366 17 Cabot Cabot NNP 7960 12366 18 and and CC 7960 12366 19 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 12366 20 sons son NNS 7960 12366 21 . . . 7960 12367 1 The the DT 7960 12367 2 foundation foundation NN 7960 12367 3 stone stone NN 7960 12367 4 was be VBD 7960 12367 5 laid lay VBN 7960 12367 6 on on IN 7960 12367 7 June June NNP 7960 12367 8 24 24 CD 7960 12367 9 , , , 7960 12367 10 1897 1897 CD 7960 12367 11 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 12367 12 , , , 7960 12367 13 the the DT 7960 12367 14 four four CD 7960 12367 15 - - HYPH 7960 12367 16 hundredth hundredth JJ 7960 12367 17 anniversary anniversary NN 7960 12367 18 of of IN 7960 12367 19 John John NNP 7960 12367 20 Cabot Cabot NNP 7960 12367 21 's 's POS 7960 12367 22 first first JJ 7960 12367 23 sight sight NN 7960 12367 24 of of IN 7960 12367 25 the the DT 7960 12367 26 continent continent NN 7960 12367 27 of of IN 7960 12367 28 North North NNP 7960 12367 29 America America NNP 7960 12367 30 . . . 7960 12367 31 ] ] -RRB- 7960 12368 1 CARTIER CARTIER NNP 7960 12368 2 'S 's POS 7960 12368 3 VOYAGES voyages NN 7960 12368 4 , , , 7960 12368 5 1534 1534 CD 7960 12368 6 - - SYM 7960 12368 7 1542 1542 CD 7960 12368 8 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 12369 1 The the DT 7960 12369 2 discovery discovery NN 7960 12369 3 by by IN 7960 12369 4 Magellan Magellan NNP 7960 12369 5 of of IN 7960 12369 6 a a DT 7960 12369 7 strait strait NN 7960 12369 8 leading lead VBG 7960 12369 9 into into IN 7960 12369 10 the the DT 7960 12369 11 Pacific Pacific NNP 7960 12369 12 aroused arouse VBD 7960 12369 13 hope hope NN 7960 12369 14 that that IN 7960 12369 15 a a DT 7960 12369 16 similar similar JJ 7960 12369 17 passage passage NN 7960 12369 18 , , , 7960 12369 19 beyond beyond IN 7960 12369 20 the the DT 7960 12369 21 regions region NNS 7960 12369 22 controlled control VBN 7960 12369 23 by by IN 7960 12369 24 Spain Spain NNP 7960 12369 25 , , , 7960 12369 26 might may MD 7960 12369 27 exist exist VB 7960 12369 28 in in IN 7960 12369 29 North North NNP 7960 12369 30 America America NNP 7960 12369 31 . . . 7960 12370 1 In in IN 7960 12370 2 1534 1534 CD 7960 12370 3 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 12370 4 the the DT 7960 12370 5 French french JJ 7960 12370 6 king king NN 7960 12370 7 , , , 7960 12370 8 Francis Francis NNP 7960 12370 9 I I NNP 7960 12370 10 , , , 7960 12370 11 sent send VBD 7960 12370 12 Jacques Jacques NNP 7960 12370 13 Cartier Cartier NNP 7960 12370 14 to to TO 7960 12370 15 look look VB 7960 12370 16 for for IN 7960 12370 17 it -PRON- PRP 7960 12370 18 . . . 7960 12371 1 Cartier cartier RBR 7960 12371 2 found find VBD 7960 12371 3 the the DT 7960 12371 4 gulf gulf NN 7960 12371 5 and and CC 7960 12371 6 river river NNP 7960 12371 7 which which WDT 7960 12371 8 he -PRON- PRP 7960 12371 9 named name VBD 7960 12371 10 after after IN 7960 12371 11 St. St. NNP 7960 12371 12 Lawrence Lawrence NNP 7960 12371 13 , , , 7960 12371 14 and and CC 7960 12371 15 also also RB 7960 12371 16 tried try VBD 7960 12371 17 to to TO 7960 12371 18 establish establish VB 7960 12371 19 a a DT 7960 12371 20 settlement settlement NN 7960 12371 21 near near IN 7960 12371 22 where where WRB 7960 12371 23 Quebec Quebec NNP 7960 12371 24 now now RB 7960 12371 25 stands stand VBZ 7960 12371 26 . . . 7960 12372 1 The the DT 7960 12372 2 venture venture NN 7960 12372 3 was be VBD 7960 12372 4 not not RB 7960 12372 5 successful successful JJ 7960 12372 6 , , , 7960 12372 7 and and CC 7960 12372 8 the the DT 7960 12372 9 French French NNP 7960 12372 10 did do VBD 7960 12372 11 not not RB 7960 12372 12 undertake undertake VB 7960 12372 13 the the DT 7960 12372 14 colonization colonization NN 7960 12372 15 of of IN 7960 12372 16 Canada Canada NNP 7960 12372 17 till till IN 7960 12372 18 the the DT 7960 12372 19 first first JJ 7960 12372 20 decade decade NN 7960 12372 21 of of IN 7960 12372 22 the the DT 7960 12372 23 seventeenth seventeenth JJ 7960 12372 24 century century NN 7960 12372 25 . . . 7960 12373 1 THE the DT 7960 12373 2 NORTHWEST NORTHWEST NNP 7960 12373 3 PASSAGE PASSAGE NNP 7960 12373 4 English english JJ 7960 12373 5 sailors sailor NNS 7960 12373 6 also also RB 7960 12373 7 sought seek VBD 7960 12373 8 a a DT 7960 12373 9 road road NN 7960 12373 10 to to IN 7960 12373 11 India India NNP 7960 12373 12 by by IN 7960 12373 13 the the DT 7960 12373 14 so so RB 7960 12373 15 - - HYPH 7960 12373 16 called call VBN 7960 12373 17 Northwest Northwest NNP 7960 12373 18 Passage Passage NNP 7960 12373 19 . . . 7960 12374 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 12374 2 was be VBD 7960 12374 3 soon soon RB 7960 12374 4 found find VBN 7960 12374 5 to to TO 7960 12374 6 be be VB 7960 12374 7 an an DT 7960 12374 8 impossible impossible JJ 7960 12374 9 route route NN 7960 12374 10 , , , 7960 12374 11 for for IN 7960 12374 12 during during IN 7960 12374 13 half half PDT 7960 12374 14 the the DT 7960 12374 15 year year NN 7960 12374 16 the the DT 7960 12374 17 seas sea NNS 7960 12374 18 were be VBD 7960 12374 19 frozen freeze VBN 7960 12374 20 and and CC 7960 12374 21 during during IN 7960 12374 22 the the DT 7960 12374 23 other other JJ 7960 12374 24 half half NN 7960 12374 25 they -PRON- PRP 7960 12374 26 were be VBD 7960 12374 27 filled fill VBN 7960 12374 28 with with IN 7960 12374 29 icebergs iceberg NNS 7960 12374 30 . . . 7960 12375 1 However however RB 7960 12375 2 , , , 7960 12375 3 the the DT 7960 12375 4 search search NN 7960 12375 5 for for IN 7960 12375 6 the the DT 7960 12375 7 Northwest Northwest NNP 7960 12375 8 Passage Passage NNP 7960 12375 9 added add VBD 7960 12375 10 much much RB 7960 12375 11 to to IN 7960 12375 12 geographical geographical JJ 7960 12375 13 knowledge knowledge NN 7960 12375 14 . . . 7960 12376 1 The the DT 7960 12376 2 names name NNS 7960 12376 3 Frobisher Frobisher NNP 7960 12376 4 Bay Bay NNP 7960 12376 5 , , , 7960 12376 6 Davis Davis NNP 7960 12376 7 Strait Strait NNP 7960 12376 8 , , , 7960 12376 9 and and CC 7960 12376 10 Baffin Baffin NNP 7960 12376 11 Land Land NNP 7960 12376 12 still still RB 7960 12376 13 preserve preserve VBP 7960 12376 14 the the DT 7960 12376 15 memory memory NN 7960 12376 16 of of IN 7960 12376 17 the the DT 7960 12376 18 navigators navigator NNS 7960 12376 19 who who WP 7960 12376 20 first first RB 7960 12376 21 explored explore VBD 7960 12376 22 the the DT 7960 12376 23 channels channel NNS 7960 12376 24 leading lead VBG 7960 12376 25 into into IN 7960 12376 26 the the DT 7960 12376 27 Arctic Arctic NNP 7960 12376 28 Ocean Ocean NNP 7960 12376 29 . . . 7960 12377 1 THE the DT 7960 12377 2 ENGLISH ENGLISH NNP 7960 12377 3 " " `` 7960 12377 4 SEA SEA NNP 7960 12377 5 DOGS dog NNS 7960 12377 6 " " '' 7960 12377 7 When when WRB 7960 12377 8 the the DT 7960 12377 9 English English NNP 7960 12377 10 realized realize VBD 7960 12377 11 how how WRB 7960 12377 12 little little JJ 7960 12377 13 profit profit NN 7960 12377 14 was be VBD 7960 12377 15 to to TO 7960 12377 16 be be VB 7960 12377 17 gained gain VBN 7960 12377 18 by by IN 7960 12377 19 voyages voyage NNS 7960 12377 20 to to IN 7960 12377 21 the the DT 7960 12377 22 cold cold JJ 7960 12377 23 and and CC 7960 12377 24 desolate desolate JJ 7960 12377 25 north north NN 7960 12377 26 , , , 7960 12377 27 they -PRON- PRP 7960 12377 28 turned turn VBD 7960 12377 29 southward southward RB 7960 12377 30 to to IN 7960 12377 31 warmer warm JJR 7960 12377 32 waters water NNS 7960 12377 33 . . . 7960 12378 1 Here here RB 7960 12378 2 , , , 7960 12378 3 of of IN 7960 12378 4 course course NN 7960 12378 5 , , , 7960 12378 6 they -PRON- PRP 7960 12378 7 came come VBD 7960 12378 8 upon upon IN 7960 12378 9 the the DT 7960 12378 10 Spaniards Spaniards NNPS 7960 12378 11 , , , 7960 12378 12 who who WP 7960 12378 13 had have VBD 7960 12378 14 no no DT 7960 12378 15 disposition disposition NN 7960 12378 16 to to TO 7960 12378 17 share share VB 7960 12378 18 with with IN 7960 12378 19 foreigners foreigner NNS 7960 12378 20 the the DT 7960 12378 21 profitable profitable JJ 7960 12378 22 trade trade NN 7960 12378 23 of of IN 7960 12378 24 the the DT 7960 12378 25 New New NNP 7960 12378 26 World World NNP 7960 12378 27 . . . 7960 12379 1 Though Though NNP 7960 12379 2 England England NNP 7960 12379 3 and and CC 7960 12379 4 Spain Spain NNP 7960 12379 5 were be VBD 7960 12379 6 not not RB 7960 12379 7 at at IN 7960 12379 8 war war NN 7960 12379 9 , , , 7960 12379 10 the the DT 7960 12379 11 English English NNP 7960 12379 12 " " `` 7960 12379 13 sea sea NN 7960 12379 14 dogs dog NNS 7960 12379 15 , , , 7960 12379 16 " " '' 7960 12379 17 as as IN 7960 12379 18 they -PRON- PRP 7960 12379 19 called call VBD 7960 12379 20 themselves -PRON- PRP 7960 12379 21 , , , 7960 12379 22 did do VBD 7960 12379 23 not not RB 7960 12379 24 scruple scruple JJ 7960 12379 25 to to TO 7960 12379 26 ravage ravage VB 7960 12379 27 the the DT 7960 12379 28 Spanish spanish JJ 7960 12379 29 colonies colony NNS 7960 12379 30 and and CC 7960 12379 31 to to TO 7960 12379 32 capture capture VB 7960 12379 33 the the DT 7960 12379 34 huge huge JJ 7960 12379 35 , , , 7960 12379 36 clumsy clumsy JJ 7960 12379 37 treasure treasure NN 7960 12379 38 - - HYPH 7960 12379 39 ships ship NNS 7960 12379 40 carrying carry VBG 7960 12379 41 gold gold NN 7960 12379 42 and and CC 7960 12379 43 silver silver NN 7960 12379 44 to to IN 7960 12379 45 Spain Spain NNP 7960 12379 46 . . . 7960 12380 1 The the DT 7960 12380 2 most most RBS 7960 12380 3 famous famous JJ 7960 12380 4 of of IN 7960 12380 5 the the DT 7960 12380 6 " " `` 7960 12380 7 sea sea NN 7960 12380 8 dogs dog NNS 7960 12380 9 , , , 7960 12380 10 " " '' 7960 12380 11 Sir Sir NNP 7960 12380 12 Francis Francis NNP 7960 12380 13 Drake Drake NNP 7960 12380 14 , , , 7960 12380 15 was be VBD 7960 12380 16 the the DT 7960 12380 17 first first JJ 7960 12380 18 Englishman Englishman NNP 7960 12380 19 to to TO 7960 12380 20 sail sail VB 7960 12380 21 round round IN 7960 12380 22 the the DT 7960 12380 23 world world NN 7960 12380 24 ( ( -LRB- 7960 12380 25 1577 1577 CD 7960 12380 26 - - SYM 7960 12380 27 1580 1580 CD 7960 12380 28 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 12380 29 ) ) -RRB- 7960 12380 30 . . . 7960 12381 1 THE the DT 7960 12381 2 RALEIGH RALEIGH NNP 7960 12381 3 COLONIES colony NNS 7960 12381 4 , , , 7960 12381 5 1584 1584 CD 7960 12381 6 - - SYM 7960 12381 7 1590 1590 CD 7960 12381 8 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 12381 9 Four four CD 7960 12381 10 years year NNS 7960 12381 11 after after IN 7960 12381 12 Drake Drake NNP 7960 12381 13 had have VBD 7960 12381 14 completed complete VBN 7960 12381 15 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 12381 16 voyage voyage NN 7960 12381 17 , , , 7960 12381 18 another another DT 7960 12381 19 English english JJ 7960 12381 20 seaman seaman NN 7960 12381 21 , , , 7960 12381 22 Sir Sir NNP 7960 12381 23 Walter Walter NNP 7960 12381 24 Raleigh Raleigh NNP 7960 12381 25 , , , 7960 12381 26 sent send VBD 7960 12381 27 out out RP 7960 12381 28 an an DT 7960 12381 29 expedition expedition NN 7960 12381 30 to to TO 7960 12381 31 find find VB 7960 12381 32 a a DT 7960 12381 33 good good JJ 7960 12381 34 site site NN 7960 12381 35 for for IN 7960 12381 36 a a DT 7960 12381 37 settlement settlement NN 7960 12381 38 in in IN 7960 12381 39 North North NNP 7960 12381 40 America America NNP 7960 12381 41 . . . 7960 12382 1 The the DT 7960 12382 2 explorers explorer NNS 7960 12382 3 reached reach VBD 7960 12382 4 the the DT 7960 12382 5 coast coast NN 7960 12382 6 of of IN 7960 12382 7 North North NNP 7960 12382 8 Carolina Carolina NNP 7960 12382 9 and and CC 7960 12382 10 returned return VBD 7960 12382 11 with with IN 7960 12382 12 glowing glowing JJ 7960 12382 13 accounts account NNS 7960 12382 14 of of IN 7960 12382 15 the the DT 7960 12382 16 country country NN 7960 12382 17 , , , 7960 12382 18 which which WDT 7960 12382 19 was be VBD 7960 12382 20 named name VBN 7960 12382 21 Virginia Virginia NNP 7960 12382 22 , , , 7960 12382 23 in in IN 7960 12382 24 honor honor NN 7960 12382 25 of of IN 7960 12382 26 Elizabeth Elizabeth NNP 7960 12382 27 , , , 7960 12382 28 the the DT 7960 12382 29 " " `` 7960 12382 30 Virgin Virgin NNP 7960 12382 31 Queen Queen NNP 7960 12382 32 . . . 7960 12382 33 " " '' 7960 12383 1 But but CC 7960 12383 2 Raleigh Raleigh NNP 7960 12383 3 's 's POS 7960 12383 4 colonies colony NNS 7960 12383 5 in in IN 7960 12383 6 Virginia Virginia NNP 7960 12383 7 failed fail VBD 7960 12383 8 miserably miserably RB 7960 12383 9 , , , 7960 12383 10 and and CC 7960 12383 11 the the DT 7960 12383 12 English English NNP 7960 12383 13 made make VBD 7960 12383 14 no no DT 7960 12383 15 further further JJ 7960 12383 16 attempt attempt NN 7960 12383 17 to to TO 7960 12383 18 settle settle VB 7960 12383 19 there there RB 7960 12383 20 till till IN 7960 12383 21 the the DT 7960 12383 22 reign reign NN 7960 12383 23 of of IN 7960 12383 24 James James NNP 7960 12383 25 I I NNP 7960 12383 26 , , , 7960 12383 27 early early RB 7960 12383 28 in in IN 7960 12383 29 the the DT 7960 12383 30 seventeenth seventeenth JJ 7960 12383 31 century century NN 7960 12383 32 . . . 7960 12384 1 227 227 CD 7960 12384 2 . . . 7960 12385 1 THE the DT 7960 12385 2 OLD OLD NNP 7960 12385 3 WORLD WORLD NNP 7960 12385 4 AND and CC 7960 12385 5 THE the DT 7960 12385 6 NEW new JJ 7960 12385 7 EXPANSION expansion NN 7960 12385 8 OF of IN 7960 12385 9 EUROPE europe NN 7960 12385 10 The the DT 7960 12385 11 New New NNP 7960 12385 12 World World NNP 7960 12385 13 contained contain VBD 7960 12385 14 two two CD 7960 12385 15 virgin virgin JJ 7960 12385 16 continents continent NNS 7960 12385 17 , , , 7960 12385 18 full full JJ 7960 12385 19 of of IN 7960 12385 20 natural natural JJ 7960 12385 21 resources resource NNS 7960 12385 22 and and CC 7960 12385 23 capable capable JJ 7960 12385 24 in in IN 7960 12385 25 a a DT 7960 12385 26 high high JJ 7960 12385 27 degree degree NN 7960 12385 28 of of IN 7960 12385 29 colonization colonization NN 7960 12385 30 . . . 7960 12386 1 The the DT 7960 12386 2 native native JJ 7960 12386 3 peoples people NNS 7960 12386 4 , , , 7960 12386 5 comparatively comparatively RB 7960 12386 6 few few JJ 7960 12386 7 in in IN 7960 12386 8 number number NN 7960 12386 9 and and CC 7960 12386 10 barbarian barbarian NN 7960 12386 11 in in IN 7960 12386 12 culture culture NN 7960 12386 13 , , , 7960 12386 14 could could MD 7960 12386 15 not not RB 7960 12386 16 offer offer VB 7960 12386 17 much much JJ 7960 12386 18 resistance resistance NN 7960 12386 19 to to IN 7960 12386 20 the the DT 7960 12386 21 explorers explorer NNS 7960 12386 22 , , , 7960 12386 23 missionaries missionary NNS 7960 12386 24 , , , 7960 12386 25 traders trader NNS 7960 12386 26 , , , 7960 12386 27 and and CC 7960 12386 28 colonists colonist NNS 7960 12386 29 from from IN 7960 12386 30 the the DT 7960 12386 31 Old Old NNP 7960 12386 32 World World NNP 7960 12386 33 . . . 7960 12387 1 The the DT 7960 12387 2 Spanish spanish JJ 7960 12387 3 and and CC 7960 12387 4 Portuguese Portuguese NNPS 7960 12387 5 in in IN 7960 12387 6 the the DT 7960 12387 7 sixteenth sixteenth JJ 7960 12387 8 century century NN 7960 12387 9 , , , 7960 12387 10 followed follow VBN 7960 12387 11 by by IN 7960 12387 12 the the DT 7960 12387 13 French French NNP 7960 12387 14 , , , 7960 12387 15 English English NNP 7960 12387 16 , , , 7960 12387 17 and and CC 7960 12387 18 Dutch Dutch NNPS 7960 12387 19 in in IN 7960 12387 20 the the DT 7960 12387 21 seventeenth seventeenth JJ 7960 12387 22 century century NN 7960 12387 23 , , , 7960 12387 24 repeopled repeople VBD 7960 12387 25 America America NNP 7960 12387 26 and and CC 7960 12387 27 brought bring VBD 7960 12387 28 to to IN 7960 12387 29 it -PRON- PRP 7960 12387 30 European european JJ 7960 12387 31 civilization civilization NN 7960 12387 32 . . . 7960 12388 1 Europe Europe NNP 7960 12388 2 expanded expand VBD 7960 12388 3 into into IN 7960 12388 4 a a DT 7960 12388 5 Greater Greater NNP 7960 12388 6 Europe Europe NNP 7960 12388 7 beyond beyond IN 7960 12388 8 the the DT 7960 12388 9 ocean ocean NN 7960 12388 10 . . . 7960 12389 1 SHIFTING shifting NN 7960 12389 2 OF of IN 7960 12389 3 TRADE trade NN 7960 12389 4 ROUTES route NNS 7960 12389 5 In in IN 7960 12389 6 the the DT 7960 12389 7 Middle Middle NNP 7960 12389 8 Ages Ages NNP 7960 12389 9 the the DT 7960 12389 10 Mediterranean Mediterranean NNP 7960 12389 11 and and CC 7960 12389 12 the the DT 7960 12389 13 Baltic Baltic NNP 7960 12389 14 had have VBD 7960 12389 15 been be VBN 7960 12389 16 the the DT 7960 12389 17 principal principal JJ 7960 12389 18 highways highway NNS 7960 12389 19 of of IN 7960 12389 20 commerce commerce NN 7960 12389 21 . . . 7960 12390 1 The the DT 7960 12390 2 discovery discovery NN 7960 12390 3 of of IN 7960 12390 4 America America NNP 7960 12390 5 , , , 7960 12390 6 followed follow VBN 7960 12390 7 immediately immediately RB 7960 12390 8 by by IN 7960 12390 9 the the DT 7960 12390 10 opening opening NN 7960 12390 11 of of IN 7960 12390 12 the the DT 7960 12390 13 Cape Cape NNP 7960 12390 14 route route NN 7960 12390 15 to to IN 7960 12390 16 the the DT 7960 12390 17 Indies Indies NNPS 7960 12390 18 , , , 7960 12390 19 shifted shift VBD 7960 12390 20 commercial commercial JJ 7960 12390 21 activity activity NN 7960 12390 22 from from IN 7960 12390 23 these these DT 7960 12390 24 enclosed enclose VBN 7960 12390 25 seas sea NNS 7960 12390 26 to to IN 7960 12390 27 the the DT 7960 12390 28 Atlantic Atlantic NNP 7960 12390 29 Ocean Ocean NNP 7960 12390 30 . . . 7960 12391 1 Venice Venice NNP 7960 12391 2 , , , 7960 12391 3 Genoa Genoa NNP 7960 12391 4 , , , 7960 12391 5 Hamburg Hamburg NNP 7960 12391 6 , , , 7960 12391 7 Lübeck Lübeck NNP 7960 12391 8 , , , 7960 12391 9 and and CC 7960 12391 10 Bruges Bruges NNP 7960 12391 11 gradually gradually RB 7960 12391 12 gave give VBD 7960 12391 13 way way NN 7960 12391 14 , , , 7960 12391 15 as as IN 7960 12391 16 trading trading NN 7960 12391 17 centers center NNS 7960 12391 18 , , , 7960 12391 19 to to IN 7960 12391 20 Lisbon Lisbon NNP 7960 12391 21 and and CC 7960 12391 22 Cadiz Cadiz NNP 7960 12391 23 , , , 7960 12391 24 Bordeaux Bordeaux NNP 7960 12391 25 and and CC 7960 12391 26 Cherbourg Cherbourg NNP 7960 12391 27 , , , 7960 12391 28 Antwerp Antwerp NNP 7960 12391 29 and and CC 7960 12391 30 Amsterdam Amsterdam NNP 7960 12391 31 , , , 7960 12391 32 London London NNP 7960 12391 33 and and CC 7960 12391 34 Liverpool Liverpool NNP 7960 12391 35 . . . 7960 12392 1 One one CD 7960 12392 2 may may MD 7960 12392 3 say say VB 7960 12392 4 , , , 7960 12392 5 therefore therefore RB 7960 12392 6 , , , 7960 12392 7 that that IN 7960 12392 8 the the DT 7960 12392 9 year year NN 7960 12392 10 1492 1492 CD 7960 12392 11 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 12392 12 inaugurated inaugurate VBD 7960 12392 13 the the DT 7960 12392 14 Atlantic atlantic JJ 7960 12392 15 period period NN 7960 12392 16 of of IN 7960 12392 17 European european JJ 7960 12392 18 history history NN 7960 12392 19 . . . 7960 12393 1 The the DT 7960 12393 2 time time NN 7960 12393 3 may may MD 7960 12393 4 come come VB 7960 12393 5 , , , 7960 12393 6 perhaps perhaps RB 7960 12393 7 even even RB 7960 12393 8 now now RB 7960 12393 9 it -PRON- PRP 7960 12393 10 is be VBZ 7960 12393 11 dawning dawn VBG 7960 12393 12 , , , 7960 12393 13 when when WRB 7960 12393 14 the the DT 7960 12393 15 center center NN 7960 12393 16 of of IN 7960 12393 17 gravity gravity NN 7960 12393 18 of of IN 7960 12393 19 the the DT 7960 12393 20 commercial commercial JJ 7960 12393 21 world world NN 7960 12393 22 will will MD 7960 12393 23 shift shift VB 7960 12393 24 still still RB 7960 12393 25 farther far RBR 7960 12393 26 westward westward RB 7960 12393 27 to to IN 7960 12393 28 the the DT 7960 12393 29 Pacific Pacific NNP 7960 12393 30 . . . 7960 12394 1 INCREASED increase VBN 7960 12394 2 PRODUCTION production NN 7960 12394 3 OF of IN 7960 12394 4 THE the DT 7960 12394 5 PRECIOUS precious JJ 7960 12394 6 METALS metal NNS 7960 12394 7 The the DT 7960 12394 8 discovery discovery NN 7960 12394 9 of of IN 7960 12394 10 America America NNP 7960 12394 11 revealed reveal VBD 7960 12394 12 to to IN 7960 12394 13 Europeans Europeans NNPS 7960 12394 14 a a DT 7960 12394 15 new new JJ 7960 12394 16 source source NN 7960 12394 17 of of IN 7960 12394 18 the the DT 7960 12394 19 precious precious JJ 7960 12394 20 metals metal NNS 7960 12394 21 . . . 7960 12395 1 The the DT 7960 12395 2 Spaniards Spaniards NNPS 7960 12395 3 soon soon RB 7960 12395 4 secured secure VBD 7960 12395 5 large large JJ 7960 12395 6 quantities quantity NNS 7960 12395 7 of of IN 7960 12395 8 gold gold NN 7960 12395 9 by by IN 7960 12395 10 plundering plunder VBG 7960 12395 11 the the DT 7960 12395 12 Indians Indians NNPS 7960 12395 13 of of IN 7960 12395 14 Mexico Mexico NNP 7960 12395 15 and and CC 7960 12395 16 Peru Peru NNP 7960 12395 17 of of IN 7960 12395 18 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 12395 19 stored store VBN 7960 12395 20 - - HYPH 7960 12395 21 up up RP 7960 12395 22 wealth wealth NN 7960 12395 23 . . . 7960 12396 1 After after IN 7960 12396 2 the the DT 7960 12396 3 discovery discovery NN 7960 12396 4 in in IN 7960 12396 5 1545 1545 CD 7960 12396 6 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 12396 7 of of IN 7960 12396 8 the the DT 7960 12396 9 wonderfully wonderfully RB 7960 12396 10 rich rich JJ 7960 12396 11 silver silver NN 7960 12396 12 mines mine NNS 7960 12396 13 of of IN 7960 12396 14 Potosi Potosi NNP 7960 12396 15 in in IN 7960 12396 16 Bolivia Bolivia NNP 7960 12396 17 , , , 7960 12396 18 the the DT 7960 12396 19 output output NN 7960 12396 20 of of IN 7960 12396 21 silver silver NN 7960 12396 22 much much RB 7960 12396 23 exceeded exceed VBD 7960 12396 24 that that DT 7960 12396 25 of of IN 7960 12396 26 gold gold NN 7960 12396 27 . . . 7960 12397 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 12397 2 is be VBZ 7960 12397 3 estimated estimate VBN 7960 12397 4 that that IN 7960 12397 5 by by IN 7960 12397 6 the the DT 7960 12397 7 end end NN 7960 12397 8 of of IN 7960 12397 9 the the DT 7960 12397 10 sixteenth sixteenth JJ 7960 12397 11 century century NN 7960 12397 12 the the DT 7960 12397 13 American american JJ 7960 12397 14 mines mine NNS 7960 12397 15 had have VBD 7960 12397 16 produced produce VBN 7960 12397 17 at at RB 7960 12397 18 least least RBS 7960 12397 19 three three CD 7960 12397 20 times time NNS 7960 12397 21 as as RB 7960 12397 22 much much JJ 7960 12397 23 gold gold NN 7960 12397 24 and and CC 7960 12397 25 silver silver NN 7960 12397 26 as as IN 7960 12397 27 had have VBD 7960 12397 28 been be VBN 7960 12397 29 current current JJ 7960 12397 30 in in IN 7960 12397 31 Europe Europe NNP 7960 12397 32 at at IN 7960 12397 33 the the DT 7960 12397 34 beginning beginning NN 7960 12397 35 of of IN 7960 12397 36 the the DT 7960 12397 37 century century NN 7960 12397 38 . . . 7960 12398 1 CONSEQUENCES consequence NNS 7960 12398 2 OF of IN 7960 12398 3 THE the DT 7960 12398 4 ENLARGED enlarged JJ 7960 12398 5 MONEY money NN 7960 12398 6 SUPPLY supply NN 7960 12398 7 The the DT 7960 12398 8 Spaniards Spaniards NNPS 7960 12398 9 could could MD 7960 12398 10 not not RB 7960 12398 11 keep keep VB 7960 12398 12 this this DT 7960 12398 13 new new JJ 7960 12398 14 treasure treasure NN 7960 12398 15 . . . 7960 12399 1 Having have VBG 7960 12399 2 few few JJ 7960 12399 3 industries industry NNS 7960 12399 4 themselves -PRON- PRP 7960 12399 5 , , , 7960 12399 6 they -PRON- PRP 7960 12399 7 were be VBD 7960 12399 8 obliged oblige VBN 7960 12399 9 to to TO 7960 12399 10 send send VB 7960 12399 11 it -PRON- PRP 7960 12399 12 out out RP 7960 12399 13 , , , 7960 12399 14 as as RB 7960 12399 15 fast fast RB 7960 12399 16 as as IN 7960 12399 17 they -PRON- PRP 7960 12399 18 received receive VBD 7960 12399 19 it -PRON- PRP 7960 12399 20 , , , 7960 12399 21 in in IN 7960 12399 22 payment payment NN 7960 12399 23 for for IN 7960 12399 24 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 12399 25 imports import NNS 7960 12399 26 of of IN 7960 12399 27 European european JJ 7960 12399 28 goods good NNS 7960 12399 29 . . . 7960 12400 1 Spain Spain NNP 7960 12400 2 acted act VBD 7960 12400 3 as as IN 7960 12400 4 a a DT 7960 12400 5 huge huge JJ 7960 12400 6 sieve sieve NN 7960 12400 7 through through IN 7960 12400 8 which which WDT 7960 12400 9 the the DT 7960 12400 10 gold gold NN 7960 12400 11 and and CC 7960 12400 12 silver silver NN 7960 12400 13 of of IN 7960 12400 14 America America NNP 7960 12400 15 entered enter VBD 7960 12400 16 all all PDT 7960 12400 17 the the DT 7960 12400 18 countries country NNS 7960 12400 19 of of IN 7960 12400 20 Europe Europe NNP 7960 12400 21 . . . 7960 12401 1 Money money NN 7960 12401 2 , , , 7960 12401 3 now now RB 7960 12401 4 more more RBR 7960 12401 5 plentiful plentiful JJ 7960 12401 6 , , , 7960 12401 7 purchased purchase VBD 7960 12401 8 far far RB 7960 12401 9 less less JJR 7960 12401 10 than than IN 7960 12401 11 in in IN 7960 12401 12 former former JJ 7960 12401 13 times time NNS 7960 12401 14 ; ; : 7960 12401 15 in in IN 7960 12401 16 other other JJ 7960 12401 17 words word NNS 7960 12401 18 , , , 7960 12401 19 the the DT 7960 12401 20 prices price NNS 7960 12401 21 of of IN 7960 12401 22 all all DT 7960 12401 23 commodities commodity NNS 7960 12401 24 rose rise VBD 7960 12401 25 , , , 7960 12401 26 wages wage NNS 7960 12401 27 advanced advance VBD 7960 12401 28 , , , 7960 12401 29 and and CC 7960 12401 30 manufacturers manufacturer NNS 7960 12401 31 and and CC 7960 12401 32 traders trader NNS 7960 12401 33 had have VBD 7960 12401 34 additional additional JJ 7960 12401 35 capital capital NN 7960 12401 36 to to TO 7960 12401 37 use use VB 7960 12401 38 in in IN 7960 12401 39 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 12401 40 undertakings undertaking NNS 7960 12401 41 . . . 7960 12402 1 The the DT 7960 12402 2 Middle Middle NNP 7960 12402 3 Ages Ages NNPS 7960 12402 4 had have VBD 7960 12402 5 suffered suffer VBN 7960 12402 6 from from IN 7960 12402 7 the the DT 7960 12402 8 lack lack NN 7960 12402 9 of of IN 7960 12402 10 sufficient sufficient JJ 7960 12402 11 money money NN 7960 12402 12 with with IN 7960 12402 13 which which WDT 7960 12402 14 to to TO 7960 12402 15 do do VB 7960 12402 16 business business NN 7960 12402 17 ; ; : 7960 12402 18 [ [ -LRB- 7960 12402 19 32 32 CD 7960 12402 20 ] ] -RRB- 7960 12402 21 from from IN 7960 12402 22 the the DT 7960 12402 23 beginning beginning NN 7960 12402 24 of of IN 7960 12402 25 modern modern JJ 7960 12402 26 times time NNS 7960 12402 27 the the DT 7960 12402 28 world world NN 7960 12402 29 has have VBZ 7960 12402 30 been be VBN 7960 12402 31 better well RBR 7960 12402 32 supplied supply VBN 7960 12402 33 with with IN 7960 12402 34 the the DT 7960 12402 35 indispensable indispensable JJ 7960 12402 36 medium medium NN 7960 12402 37 of of IN 7960 12402 38 exchange exchange NN 7960 12402 39 . . . 7960 12403 1 NEW new JJ 7960 12403 2 COMMODITIES commodity NNS 7960 12403 3 IMPORTED IMPORTED NNP 7960 12403 4 But but CC 7960 12403 5 America America NNP 7960 12403 6 was be VBD 7960 12403 7 much much RB 7960 12403 8 more more JJR 7960 12403 9 than than IN 7960 12403 10 a a DT 7960 12403 11 treasury treasury NN 7960 12403 12 of of IN 7960 12403 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12418 13 the the DT 7960 12418 14 American american JJ 7960 12418 15 aborigines aborigine NNS 7960 12418 16 . . . 7960 12419 1 What what WP 7960 12419 2 she -PRON- PRP 7960 12419 3 lost lose VBD 7960 12419 4 of of IN 7960 12419 5 territory territory NN 7960 12419 6 , , , 7960 12419 7 wealth wealth NN 7960 12419 8 , , , 7960 12419 9 and and CC 7960 12419 10 influence influence NN 7960 12419 11 in in IN 7960 12419 12 Europe Europe NNP 7960 12419 13 was be VBD 7960 12419 14 more more JJR 7960 12419 15 than than IN 7960 12419 16 offset offset VBN 7960 12419 17 by by IN 7960 12419 18 what what WP 7960 12419 19 she -PRON- PRP 7960 12419 20 gained gain VBD 7960 12419 21 in in IN 7960 12419 22 America America NNP 7960 12419 23 . . . 7960 12420 1 Furthermore furthermore RB 7960 12420 2 , , , 7960 12420 3 the the DT 7960 12420 4 region region NN 7960 12420 5 now now RB 7960 12420 6 occupied occupy VBN 7960 12420 7 by by IN 7960 12420 8 the the DT 7960 12420 9 United United NNP 7960 12420 10 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map map NN 7960 12424 5 indicate indicate VBP 7960 12424 6 those those DT 7960 12424 7 parts part NNS 7960 12424 8 of of IN 7960 12424 9 the the DT 7960 12424 10 world world NN 7960 12424 11 known know VBN 7960 12424 12 in in IN 7960 12424 13 the the DT 7960 12424 14 time time NN 7960 12424 15 of of IN 7960 12424 16 Columbus Columbus NNP 7960 12424 17 ( ( -LRB- 7960 12424 18 before before IN 7960 12424 19 1492 1492 CD 7960 12424 20 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 12424 21 ) ) -RRB- 7960 12424 22 . . . 7960 12425 1 2 2 LS 7960 12425 2 . . . 7960 12426 1 On on IN 7960 12426 2 an an DT 7960 12426 3 outline outline NN 7960 12426 4 map map NN 7960 12426 5 indicate indicate VBP 7960 12426 6 the the DT 7960 12426 7 voyages voyage NNS 7960 12426 8 of of IN 7960 12426 9 discovery discovery NN 7960 12426 10 of of IN 7960 12426 11 Vasco Vasco NNP 7960 12426 12 da da NNP 7960 12426 13 Gama Gama NNP 7960 12426 14 , , , 7960 12426 15 Columbus Columbus NNP 7960 12426 16 ( ( -LRB- 7960 12426 17 first first JJ 7960 12426 18 voyage voyage NN 7960 12426 19 ) ) -RRB- 7960 12426 20 , , , 7960 12426 21 John John NNP 7960 12426 22 Cabot Cabot NNP 7960 12426 23 , , , 7960 12426 24 and and CC 7960 12426 25 Magellan Magellan NNP 7960 12426 26 . . . 7960 12427 1 3 3 LS 7960 12427 2 . . . 7960 12428 1 What what WDT 7960 12428 2 particular particular JJ 7960 12428 3 discoveries discovery NNS 7960 12428 4 were be VBD 7960 12428 5 made make VBN 7960 12428 6 by by IN 7960 12428 7 Cartier Cartier NNP 7960 12428 8 , , , 7960 12428 9 Drake Drake NNP 7960 12428 10 , , , 7960 12428 11 Balboa Balboa NNP 7960 12428 12 , , , 7960 12428 13 De De NNP 7960 12428 14 Soto Soto NNP 7960 12428 15 , , , 7960 12428 16 Ponce Ponce NNP 7960 12428 17 de de NNP 7960 12428 18 León León NNP 7960 12428 19 , , , 7960 12428 20 and and CC 7960 12428 21 Coronado Coronado NNP 7960 12428 22 ? ? . 7960 12429 1 4 4 LS 7960 12429 2 . . . 7960 12430 1 Compare compare VB 7960 12430 2 the the DT 7960 12430 3 Cosmas Cosmas NNP 7960 12430 4 map map NN 7960 12430 5 ( ( -LRB- 7960 12430 6 page page NN 7960 12430 7 617 617 CD 7960 12430 8 ) ) -RRB- 7960 12430 9 with with IN 7960 12430 10 the the DT 7960 12430 11 map map NN 7960 12430 12 of of IN 7960 12430 13 the the DT 7960 12430 14 world world NN 7960 12430 15 according accord VBG 7960 12430 16 to to IN 7960 12430 17 Homer Homer NNP 7960 12430 18 ( ( -LRB- 7960 12430 19 page page NN 7960 12430 20 76 76 CD 7960 12430 21 ) ) -RRB- 7960 12430 22 . . . 7960 12431 1 5 5 CD 7960 12431 2 . . . 7960 12432 1 Compare compare VB 7960 12432 2 the the DT 7960 12432 3 Hereford Hereford NNP 7960 12432 4 map map NN 7960 12432 5 ( ( -LRB- 7960 12432 6 page page NN 7960 12432 7 617 617 CD 7960 12432 8 ) ) -RRB- 7960 12432 9 with with IN 7960 12432 10 the the DT 7960 12432 11 map map NN 7960 12432 12 of of IN 7960 12432 13 the the DT 7960 12432 14 world world NN 7960 12432 15 according accord VBG 7960 12432 16 to to IN 7960 12432 17 Ptolemy Ptolemy NNP 7960 12432 18 ( ( -LRB- 7960 12432 19 page page NN 7960 12432 20 132 132 CD 7960 12432 21 ) ) -RRB- 7960 12432 22 . . . 7960 12433 1 6 6 CD 7960 12433 2 . . . 7960 12434 1 Why why WRB 7960 12434 2 has have VBZ 7960 12434 3 Marco Marco NNP 7960 12434 4 Polo Polo NNP 7960 12434 5 been be VBN 7960 12434 6 called call VBN 7960 12434 7 the the DT 7960 12434 8 " " `` 7960 12434 9 Columbus Columbus NNP 7960 12434 10 of of IN 7960 12434 11 the the DT 7960 12434 12 East East NNP 7960 12434 13 Indies Indies NNPS 7960 12434 14 " " '' 7960 12434 15 ? ? . 7960 12435 1 7 7 LS 7960 12435 2 . . . 7960 12436 1 " " `` 7960 12436 2 Cape Cape NNP 7960 12436 3 Verde Verde NNP 7960 12436 4 not not RB 7960 12436 5 only only RB 7960 12436 6 juts jut VBZ 7960 12436 7 out out RP 7960 12436 8 into into IN 7960 12436 9 the the DT 7960 12436 10 Atlantic Atlantic NNP 7960 12436 11 , , , 7960 12436 12 but but CC 7960 12436 13 stands stand VBZ 7960 12436 14 forth forth RB 7960 12436 15 as as IN 7960 12436 16 a a DT 7960 12436 17 promontory promontory NN 7960 12436 18 in in IN 7960 12436 19 human human JJ 7960 12436 20 history history NN 7960 12436 21 . . . 7960 12436 22 " " '' 7960 12437 1 Comment comment NN 7960 12437 2 on on IN 7960 12437 3 this this DT 7960 12437 4 statement statement NN 7960 12437 5 . . . 7960 12438 1 8 8 LS 7960 12438 2 . . . 7960 12439 1 How how WRB 7960 12439 2 did do VBD 7960 12439 3 Vasco Vasco NNP 7960 12439 4 da da NNP 7960 12439 5 Gama Gama NNP 7960 12439 6 complete complete VB 7960 12439 7 the the DT 7960 12439 8 work work NN 7960 12439 9 of of IN 7960 12439 10 Prince Prince NNP 7960 12439 11 Henry Henry NNP 7960 12439 12 the the DT 7960 12439 13 Navigator Navigator NNP 7960 12439 14 ? ? . 7960 12440 1 9 9 CD 7960 12440 2 . . . 7960 12441 1 Show show VB 7960 12441 2 that that IN 7960 12441 3 Lisbon Lisbon NNP 7960 12441 4 in in IN 7960 12441 5 the the DT 7960 12441 6 sixteenth sixteenth JJ 7960 12441 7 century century NN 7960 12441 8 was be VBD 7960 12441 9 the the DT 7960 12441 10 commercial commercial JJ 7960 12441 11 successor successor NN 7960 12441 12 of of IN 7960 12441 13 Venice Venice NNP 7960 12441 14 . . . 7960 12442 1 10 10 CD 7960 12442 2 . . . 7960 12443 1 " " `` 7960 12443 2 Had have VBD 7960 12443 3 Columbus Columbus NNP 7960 12443 4 perished perish VBN 7960 12443 5 in in IN 7960 12443 6 mid mid NN 7960 12443 7 - - NN 7960 12443 8 ocean ocean NN 7960 12443 9 , , , 7960 12443 10 it -PRON- PRP 7960 12443 11 is be VBZ 7960 12443 12 doubtful doubtful JJ 7960 12443 13 whether whether IN 7960 12443 14 America America NNP 7960 12443 15 would would MD 7960 12443 16 have have VB 7960 12443 17 remained remain VBN 7960 12443 18 long long RB 7960 12443 19 undiscovered undiscovered JJ 7960 12443 20 . . . 7960 12443 21 " " '' 7960 12444 1 Comment comment NN 7960 12444 2 on on IN 7960 12444 3 this this DT 7960 12444 4 statement statement NN 7960 12444 5 . . . 7960 12445 1 11 11 CD 7960 12445 2 . . . 7960 12446 1 Why why WRB 7960 12446 2 did do VBD 7960 12446 3 no no DT 7960 12446 4 one one PRP 7960 12446 5 suggest suggest VB 7960 12446 6 that that IN 7960 12446 7 the the DT 7960 12446 8 New New NNP 7960 12446 9 World World NNP 7960 12446 10 be be VB 7960 12446 11 called call VBN 7960 12446 12 after after IN 7960 12446 13 Columbus Columbus NNP 7960 12446 14 ? ? . 7960 12447 1 12 12 CD 7960 12447 2 . . . 7960 12448 1 Show show VB 7960 12448 2 that that IN 7960 12448 3 Magellan Magellan NNP 7960 12448 4 achieved achieve VBD 7960 12448 5 what what WP 7960 12448 6 Columbus Columbus NNP 7960 12448 7 planned plan VBD 7960 12448 8 . . . 7960 12449 1 13 13 CD 7960 12449 2 . . . 7960 12450 1 Why why WRB 7960 12450 2 did do VBD 7960 12450 3 Balboa Balboa NNP 7960 12450 4 call call VB 7960 12450 5 the the DT 7960 12450 6 Pacific Pacific NNP 7960 12450 7 the the DT 7960 12450 8 " " `` 7960 12450 9 South South NNP 7960 12450 10 Sea Sea NNP 7960 12450 11 " " '' 7960 12450 12 ? ? . 7960 12451 1 14 14 CD 7960 12451 2 . . . 7960 12452 1 Why why WRB 7960 12452 2 is be VBZ 7960 12452 3 Roman roman JJ 7960 12452 4 law law NN 7960 12452 5 followed follow VBN 7960 12452 6 in in IN 7960 12452 7 all all DT 7960 12452 8 Spanish spanish JJ 7960 12452 9 - - HYPH 7960 12452 10 American american JJ 7960 12452 11 countries country NNS 7960 12452 12 ? ? . 7960 12453 1 15 15 CD 7960 12453 2 . . . 7960 12454 1 In in IN 7960 12454 2 what what WP 7960 12454 3 parts part NNS 7960 12454 4 of of IN 7960 12454 5 the the DT 7960 12454 6 world world NN 7960 12454 7 is be VBZ 7960 12454 8 Spanish Spanish NNP 7960 12454 9 still still RB 7960 12454 10 the the DT 7960 12454 11 common common JJ 7960 12454 12 language language NN 7960 12454 13 ? ? . 7960 12455 1 16 16 CD 7960 12455 2 . . . 7960 12456 1 Why why WRB 7960 12456 2 did do VBD 7960 12456 3 the the DT 7960 12456 4 Germans Germans NNPS 7960 12456 5 fail fail VB 7960 12456 6 to to TO 7960 12456 7 take take VB 7960 12456 8 part part NN 7960 12456 9 in in IN 7960 12456 10 the the DT 7960 12456 11 work work NN 7960 12456 12 of of IN 7960 12456 13 discovery discovery NN 7960 12456 14 and and CC 7960 12456 15 colonization colonization NN 7960 12456 16 ? ? . 7960 12457 1 17 17 CD 7960 12457 2 . . . 7960 12458 1 Show show VB 7960 12458 2 that that IN 7960 12458 3 the the DT 7960 12458 4 three three CD 7960 12458 5 words word NNS 7960 12458 6 " " `` 7960 12458 7 gospel gospel NN 7960 12458 8 , , , 7960 12458 9 glory glory NN 7960 12458 10 , , , 7960 12458 11 and and CC 7960 12458 12 gold gold NN 7960 12458 13 " " '' 7960 12458 14 sum sum VB 7960 12458 15 up up RP 7960 12458 16 the the DT 7960 12458 17 principal principal JJ 7960 12458 18 motives motive NNS 7960 12458 19 of of IN 7960 12458 20 European european JJ 7960 12458 21 colonization colonization NN 7960 12458 22 in in IN 7960 12458 23 the the DT 7960 12458 24 sixteenth sixteenth JJ 7960 12458 25 century century NN 7960 12458 26 . . . 7960 12459 1 18 18 CD 7960 12459 2 . . . 7960 12460 1 Compare compare VB 7960 12460 2 the the DT 7960 12460 3 motives motive NNS 7960 12460 4 which which WDT 7960 12460 5 led lead VBD 7960 12460 6 to to IN 7960 12460 7 the the DT 7960 12460 8 colonization colonization NN 7960 12460 9 of of IN 7960 12460 10 the the DT 7960 12460 11 New New NNP 7960 12460 12 World World NNP 7960 12460 13 with with IN 7960 12460 14 those those DT 7960 12460 15 which which WDT 7960 12460 16 led lead VBD 7960 12460 17 to to IN 7960 12460 18 Greek greek JJ 7960 12460 19 colonization colonization NN 7960 12460 20 . . . 7960 12461 1 19 19 CD 7960 12461 2 . . . 7960 12462 1 " " `` 7960 12462 2 The the DT 7960 12462 3 opening opening NN 7960 12462 4 of of IN 7960 12462 5 the the DT 7960 12462 6 Atlantic Atlantic NNP 7960 12462 7 to to IN 7960 12462 8 continuous continuous JJ 7960 12462 9 exploration exploration NN 7960 12462 10 is be VBZ 7960 12462 11 the the DT 7960 12462 12 most most RBS 7960 12462 13 momentous momentous JJ 7960 12462 14 step step NN 7960 12462 15 in in IN 7960 12462 16 the the DT 7960 12462 17 history history NN 7960 12462 18 of of IN 7960 12462 19 man man NN 7960 12462 20 's 's POS 7960 12462 21 occupation occupation NN 7960 12462 22 of of IN 7960 12462 23 the the DT 7960 12462 24 earth earth NN 7960 12462 25 . . . 7960 12462 26 " " '' 7960 12463 1 Does do VBZ 7960 12463 2 this this DT 7960 12463 3 statement statement NN 7960 12463 4 seem seem VB 7960 12463 5 to to TO 7960 12463 6 be be VB 7960 12463 7 justified justify VBN 7960 12463 8 ? ? . 7960 12464 1 FOOTNOTES FOOTNOTES NNP 7960 12464 2 [ [ -LRB- 7960 12464 3 1 1 CD 7960 12464 4 ] ] -RRB- 7960 12464 5 Webster Webster NNP 7960 12464 6 , , , 7960 12464 7 _ _ NNP 7960 12464 8 Readings Readings NNP 7960 12464 9 in in IN 7960 12464 10 Medieval Medieval NNP 7960 12464 11 and and CC 7960 12464 12 Modern Modern NNP 7960 12464 13 History History NNP 7960 12464 14 _ _ NNP 7960 12464 15 , , , 7960 12464 16 chapter chapter NN 7960 12464 17 xxi xxi NN 7960 12464 18 , , , 7960 12464 19 " " `` 7960 12464 20 The the DT 7960 12464 21 Travels travel NNS 7960 12464 22 of of IN 7960 12464 23 Marco Marco NNP 7960 12464 24 Polo Polo NNP 7960 12464 25 " " '' 7960 12464 26 ; ; : 7960 12464 27 chapter chapter NN 7960 12464 28 xxii xxii NNP 7960 12464 29 , , , 7960 12464 30 " " `` 7960 12464 31 The the DT 7960 12464 32 Aborigines Aborigines NNPS 7960 12464 33 of of IN 7960 12464 34 the the DT 7960 12464 35 New New NNP 7960 12464 36 World World NNP 7960 12464 37 . . . 7960 12464 38 " " '' 7960 12465 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 12465 2 2 2 CD 7960 12465 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 12465 4 _ _ NNP 7960 12465 5 Ezekiel Ezekiel NNP 7960 12465 6 _ _ NNP 7960 12465 7 , , , 7960 12465 8 v v NNP 7960 12465 9 , , , 7960 12465 10 5 5 CD 7960 12465 11 . . . 7960 12466 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 12466 2 3 3 CD 7960 12466 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 12466 4 _ _ NNP 7960 12466 5 Isaiah Isaiah NNP 7960 12466 6 _ _ NNP 7960 12466 7 , , , 7960 12466 8 x x NNP 7960 12466 9 , , , 7960 12466 10 12 12 CD 7960 12466 11 . . . 7960 12467 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 12467 2 4 4 LS 7960 12467 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 12467 4 See see VB 7960 12467 5 pages page NNS 7960 12467 6 574 574 CD 7960 12467 7 - - SYM 7960 12467 8 575 575 CD 7960 12467 9 . . . 7960 12468 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 12468 2 5 5 LS 7960 12468 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 12468 4 See see VB 7960 12468 5 page page NN 7960 12468 6 35 35 CD 7960 12468 7 . . . 7960 12469 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 12469 2 6 6 CD 7960 12469 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 12469 4 See see VB 7960 12469 5 page page NN 7960 12469 6 347 347 CD 7960 12469 7 . . . 7960 12470 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 12470 2 7 7 LS 7960 12470 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 12470 4 See see VB 7960 12470 5 page page NN 7960 12470 6 488 488 CD 7960 12470 7 . . . 7960 12471 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 12471 2 8 8 LS 7960 12471 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 12471 4 See see VB 7960 12471 5 page page NN 7960 12471 6 611 611 CD 7960 12471 7 . . . 7960 12472 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 12472 2 9 9 CD 7960 12472 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 12472 4 Froissart Froissart NNP 7960 12472 5 , , , 7960 12472 6 _ _ NNP 7960 12472 7 Chronicles Chronicles NNP 7960 12472 8 _ _ NNP 7960 12472 9 , , , 7960 12472 10 ii ii NNP 7960 12472 11 , , , 7960 12472 12 73 73 CD 7960 12472 13 . . . 7960 12473 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 12473 2 10 10 CD 7960 12473 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 12473 4 See see VB 7960 12473 5 page page NN 7960 12473 6 540 540 CD 7960 12473 7 . . . 7960 12474 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 12474 2 11 11 CD 7960 12474 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 12474 4 See see VB 7960 12474 5 page page NN 7960 12474 6 49 49 CD 7960 12474 7 . . . 7960 12475 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 12475 2 12 12 CD 7960 12475 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 12475 4 Not not RB 7960 12475 5 Calcutta Calcutta NNP 7960 12475 6 . . . 7960 12476 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 12476 2 13 13 CD 7960 12476 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 12476 4 See see VB 7960 12476 5 page page NN 7960 12476 6 540 540 CD 7960 12476 7 . . . 7960 12477 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 12477 2 14 14 CD 7960 12477 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 12477 4 The the DT 7960 12477 5 Portuguese portuguese JJ 7960 12477 6 colonial colonial NN 7960 12477 7 empire empire NN 7960 12477 8 included include VBD 7960 12477 9 Ormuz Ormuz NNP 7960 12477 10 , , , 7960 12477 11 the the DT 7960 12477 12 west west JJ 7960 12477 13 coast coast NN 7960 12477 14 of of IN 7960 12477 15 India India NNP 7960 12477 16 , , , 7960 12477 17 Ceylon Ceylon NNP 7960 12477 18 , , , 7960 12477 19 Malacca Malacca NNP 7960 12477 20 , , , 7960 12477 21 and and CC 7960 12477 22 various various JJ 7960 12477 23 possessions possession NNS 7960 12477 24 in in IN 7960 12477 25 the the DT 7960 12477 26 Malay Malay NNP 7960 12477 27 Archipelago Archipelago NNP 7960 12477 28 ( ( -LRB- 7960 12477 29 Sumatra Sumatra NNP 7960 12477 30 , , , 7960 12477 31 Java Java NNP 7960 12477 32 , , , 7960 12477 33 Celebes Celebes NNP 7960 12477 34 , , , 7960 12477 35 the the DT 7960 12477 36 Moluccas Moluccas NNP 7960 12477 37 , , , 7960 12477 38 or or CC 7960 12477 39 Spice Spice NNP 7960 12477 40 Islands Islands NNPS 7960 12477 41 , , , 7960 12477 42 and and CC 7960 12477 43 New New NNP 7960 12477 44 Guinea Guinea NNP 7960 12477 45 ) ) -RRB- 7960 12477 46 . . . 7960 12478 1 The the DT 7960 12478 2 Portuguese Portuguese NNP 7960 12478 3 also also RB 7960 12478 4 had have VBD 7960 12478 5 many many JJ 7960 12478 6 trading trading NN 7960 12478 7 posts post NNS 7960 12478 8 on on IN 7960 12478 9 the the DT 7960 12478 10 African african JJ 7960 12478 11 coast coast NN 7960 12478 12 , , , 7960 12478 13 besides besides IN 7960 12478 14 Brazil Brazil NNP 7960 12478 15 , , , 7960 12478 16 which which WDT 7960 12478 17 one one NN 7960 12478 18 of of IN 7960 12478 19 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 12478 20 mariners mariner NNS 7960 12478 21 discovered discover VBN 7960 12478 22 in in IN 7960 12478 23 1500 1500 CD 7960 12478 24 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 12478 25 See see VB 7960 12478 26 the the DT 7960 12478 27 map map NN 7960 12478 28 Between between IN 7960 12478 29 pages page NNS 7960 12478 30 628 628 CD 7960 12478 31 - - SYM 7960 12478 32 629 629 CD 7960 12478 33 . . . 7960 12479 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 12479 2 15 15 CD 7960 12479 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 12479 4 See see VB 7960 12479 5 page page NN 7960 12479 6 573 573 CD 7960 12479 7 . . . 7960 12480 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 12480 2 16 16 CD 7960 12480 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 12480 4 See see VB 7960 12480 5 page page NN 7960 12480 6 591 591 CD 7960 12480 7 . . . 7960 12481 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 12481 2 17 17 CD 7960 12481 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 12481 4 See see VB 7960 12481 5 page page NN 7960 12481 6 133 133 CD 7960 12481 7 . . . 7960 12482 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 12482 2 18 18 CD 7960 12482 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 12482 4 A a DT 7960 12482 5 Latin latin JJ 7960 12482 6 translation translation NN 7960 12482 7 of of IN 7960 12482 8 Ptolemy Ptolemy NNP 7960 12482 9 's 's POS 7960 12482 10 _ _ NNP 7960 12482 11 Geography Geography NNP 7960 12482 12 _ _ NNP 7960 12482 13 , , , 7960 12482 14 accompanied accompany VBN 7960 12482 15 by by IN 7960 12482 16 maps map NNS 7960 12482 17 , , , 7960 12482 18 was be VBD 7960 12482 19 printed print VBN 7960 12482 20 for for IN 7960 12482 21 the the DT 7960 12482 22 first first JJ 7960 12482 23 time time NN 7960 12482 24 probably probably RB 7960 12482 25 in in IN 7960 12482 26 1462 1462 CD 7960 12482 27 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 12482 28 [ [ -LRB- 7960 12482 29 19 19 CD 7960 12482 30 ] ] -RRB- 7960 12482 31 See see VB 7960 12482 32 page page NN 7960 12482 33 275 275 CD 7960 12482 34 . . . 7960 12483 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 12483 2 20 20 CD 7960 12483 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 12483 4 See see VB 7960 12483 5 page page NN 7960 12483 6 560 560 CD 7960 12483 7 . . . 7960 12484 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 12484 2 21 21 CD 7960 12484 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 12484 4 Named name VBN 7960 12484 5 San San NNP 7960 12484 6 Salvador Salvador NNP 7960 12484 7 by by IN 7960 12484 8 Columbus Columbus NNP 7960 12484 9 and and CC 7960 12484 10 usually usually RB 7960 12484 11 identified identify VBN 7960 12484 12 with with IN 7960 12484 13 Watling Watling NNP 7960 12484 14 Island Island NNP 7960 12484 15 . . . 7960 12485 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 12485 2 22 22 CD 7960 12485 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 12485 4 In in IN 7960 12485 5 Latin Latin NNP 7960 12485 6 , , , 7960 12485 7 Americus Americus NNP 7960 12485 8 Vespucius Vespucius NNP 7960 12485 9 . . . 7960 12486 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 12486 2 23 23 CD 7960 12486 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 12486 4 In in IN 7960 12486 5 1494 1494 CD 7960 12486 6 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 12486 7 , , , 7960 12486 8 the the DT 7960 12486 9 demarcation demarcation NN 7960 12486 10 line line NN 7960 12486 11 was be VBD 7960 12486 12 shifted shift VBN 7960 12486 13 about about RB 7960 12486 14 eight eight CD 7960 12486 15 hundred hundred CD 7960 12486 16 miles mile NNS 7960 12486 17 farther farther RB 7960 12486 18 to to IN 7960 12486 19 the the DT 7960 12486 20 west west NN 7960 12486 21 . . . 7960 12487 1 Six six CD 7960 12487 2 years year NNS 7960 12487 3 later later RB 7960 12487 4 , , , 7960 12487 5 when when WRB 7960 12487 6 the the DT 7960 12487 7 Portuguese Portuguese NNPS 7960 12487 8 discovered discover VBD 7960 12487 9 Brazil Brazil NNP 7960 12487 10 , , , 7960 12487 11 the the DT 7960 12487 12 country country NN 7960 12487 13 was be VBD 7960 12487 14 found find VBN 7960 12487 15 to to TO 7960 12487 16 lie lie VB 7960 12487 17 within within IN 7960 12487 18 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 12487 19 sphere sphere NN 7960 12487 20 of of IN 7960 12487 21 influence influence NN 7960 12487 22 . . . 7960 12488 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 12488 2 24 24 CD 7960 12488 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 12488 4 Also also RB 7960 12488 5 known know VBN 7960 12488 6 as as IN 7960 12488 7 the the DT 7960 12488 8 Mariannes Mariannes NNPS 7960 12488 9 . . . 7960 12489 1 Magellan Magellan NNP 7960 12489 2 called call VBD 7960 12489 3 them -PRON- PRP 7960 12489 4 the the DT 7960 12489 5 Ladrones Ladrones NNP 7960 12489 6 ( ( -LRB- 7960 12489 7 Spanish Spanish NNP 7960 12489 8 _ _ NNP 7960 12489 9 ladrón ladrón NNP 7960 12489 10 _ _ NNP 7960 12489 11 , , , 7960 12489 12 a a DT 7960 12489 13 robber robber NN 7960 12489 14 ) ) -RRB- 7960 12489 15 , , , 7960 12489 16 because because IN 7960 12489 17 of of IN 7960 12489 18 the the DT 7960 12489 19 thievish thievish JJ 7960 12489 20 habits habit NNS 7960 12489 21 of of IN 7960 12489 22 the the DT 7960 12489 23 natives native NNS 7960 12489 24 . . . 7960 12490 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 12490 2 25 25 CD 7960 12490 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 12490 4 See see VB 7960 12490 5 page page NN 7960 12490 6 9 9 CD 7960 12490 7 . . . 7960 12491 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 12491 2 26 26 CD 7960 12491 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 12491 4 Cuba Cuba NNP 7960 12491 5 , , , 7960 12491 6 Hispaniola Hispaniola NNP 7960 12491 7 ( ( -LRB- 7960 12491 8 now now RB 7960 12491 9 divided divide VBN 7960 12491 10 between between IN 7960 12491 11 the the DT 7960 12491 12 republics republic NNS 7960 12491 13 of of IN 7960 12491 14 Haiti Haiti NNP 7960 12491 15 and and CC 7960 12491 16 Santo Santo NNP 7960 12491 17 Domingo Domingo NNP 7960 12491 18 ) ) -RRB- 7960 12491 19 , , , 7960 12491 20 Porto Porto NNP 7960 12491 21 Rico Rico NNP 7960 12491 22 , , , 7960 12491 23 and and CC 7960 12491 24 Jamaica Jamaica NNP 7960 12491 25 . . . 7960 12492 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 12492 2 27 27 CD 7960 12492 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 12492 4 Spanish Spanish NNP 7960 12492 5 for for IN 7960 12492 6 the the DT 7960 12492 7 " " `` 7960 12492 8 gilded gild VBN 7960 12492 9 one one CD 7960 12492 10 . . . 7960 12492 11 " " '' 7960 12493 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 12493 2 28 28 CD 7960 12493 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 12493 4 See see VB 7960 12493 5 the the DT 7960 12493 6 map map NN 7960 12493 7 between between IN 7960 12493 8 pages page NNS 7960 12493 9 628 628 CD 7960 12493 10 - - SYM 7960 12493 11 629 629 CD 7960 12493 12 . . . 7960 12494 1 The the DT 7960 12494 2 Philippines Philippines NNPS 7960 12494 3 , , , 7960 12494 4 discovered discover VBN 7960 12494 5 by by IN 7960 12494 6 Magellan Magellan NNP 7960 12494 7 in in IN 7960 12494 8 1521 1521 CD 7960 12494 9 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 12494 10 , , , 7960 12494 11 also also RB 7960 12494 12 belonged belong VBD 7960 12494 13 to to IN 7960 12494 14 Spain Spain NNP 7960 12494 15 , , , 7960 12494 16 though though IN 7960 12494 17 by by IN 7960 12494 18 the the DT 7960 12494 19 demarcation demarcation NN 7960 12494 20 line line NN 7960 12494 21 these these DT 7960 12494 22 islands island NNS 7960 12494 23 lay lie VBD 7960 12494 24 within within IN 7960 12494 25 the the DT 7960 12494 26 Portuguese portuguese JJ 7960 12494 27 sphere sphere NN 7960 12494 28 of of IN 7960 12494 29 influence influence NN 7960 12494 30 . . . 7960 12495 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 12495 2 29 29 CD 7960 12495 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 12495 4 In in IN 7960 12495 5 Spanish Spanish NNP 7960 12495 6 _ _ NNP 7960 12495 7 El El NNP 7960 12495 8 Camino Camino NNP 7960 12495 9 Real Real NNP 7960 12495 10 _ _ NNP 7960 12495 11 . . . 7960 12496 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 12496 2 30 30 CD 7960 12496 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 12496 4 See see VB 7960 12496 5 page page NN 7960 12496 6 355 355 CD 7960 12496 7 . . . 7960 12497 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 12497 2 31 31 CD 7960 12497 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 12497 4 See see VB 7960 12497 5 page page NN 7960 12497 6 518 518 CD 7960 12497 7 . . . 7960 12498 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 12498 2 32 32 CD 7960 12498 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 12498 4 See see VB 7960 12498 5 page page NN 7960 12498 6 541 541 CD 7960 12498 7 . . . 7960 12499 1 CHAPTER CHAPTER NNP 7960 12499 2 XXVII XXVII NNP 7960 12499 3 THE the DT 7960 12499 4 REFORMATION reformation NN 7960 12499 5 AND and CC 7960 12499 6 THE the DT 7960 12499 7 RELIGIOUS RELIGIOUS NNP 7960 12499 8 WARS WARS NNP 7960 12499 9 , , , 7960 12499 10 1517 1517 CD 7960 12499 11 - - SYM 7960 12499 12 1648 1648 CD 7960 12499 13 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 12499 14 [ [ -LRB- 7960 12499 15 1 1 CD 7960 12499 16 ] ] -RRB- 7960 12499 17 228 228 CD 7960 12499 18 . . . 7960 12500 1 DECLINE DECLINE NNS 7960 12500 2 OF of IN 7960 12500 3 THE the DT 7960 12500 4 PAPACY papacy NN 7960 12500 5 THE the DT 7960 12500 6 PAPACY papacy NN 7960 12500 7 IN in IN 7960 12500 8 THE the DT 7960 12500 9 THIRTEENTH THIRTEENTH NNP 7960 12500 10 CENTURY century NN 7960 12500 11 The the DT 7960 12500 12 Papacy Papacy NNP 7960 12500 13 , , , 7960 12500 14 victorious victorious JJ 7960 12500 15 in in IN 7960 12500 16 the the DT 7960 12500 17 long long JJ 7960 12500 18 struggle struggle NN 7960 12500 19 with with IN 7960 12500 20 the the DT 7960 12500 21 Holy Holy NNP 7960 12500 22 Roman Roman NNP 7960 12500 23 Empire Empire NNP 7960 12500 24 , , , 7960 12500 25 reached reach VBN 7960 12500 26 during during IN 7960 12500 27 the the DT 7960 12500 28 thirteenth thirteenth JJ 7960 12500 29 century century NN 7960 12500 30 the the DT 7960 12500 31 height height NN 7960 12500 32 of of IN 7960 12500 33 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 12500 34 temporal temporal JJ 7960 12500 35 power power NN 7960 12500 36 . . . 7960 12501 1 The the DT 7960 12501 2 popes pope NNS 7960 12501 3 at at IN 7960 12501 4 this this DT 7960 12501 5 time time NN 7960 12501 6 were be VBD 7960 12501 7 the the DT 7960 12501 8 greatest great JJS 7960 12501 9 sovereigns sovereign NNS 7960 12501 10 in in IN 7960 12501 11 Europe Europe NNP 7960 12501 12 . . . 7960 12502 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 12502 2 ruled rule VBD 7960 12502 3 a a DT 7960 12502 4 large large JJ 7960 12502 5 part part NN 7960 12502 6 of of IN 7960 12502 7 Italy Italy NNP 7960 12502 8 , , , 7960 12502 9 had have VBD 7960 12502 10 great great JJ 7960 12502 11 influence influence NN 7960 12502 12 in in IN 7960 12502 13 the the DT 7960 12502 14 affairs affair NNS 7960 12502 15 of of IN 7960 12502 16 France France NNP 7960 12502 17 , , , 7960 12502 18 England England NNP 7960 12502 19 , , , 7960 12502 20 Spain Spain NNP 7960 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23 . . . 7960 12504 1 FRICTION FRICTION NNP 7960 12504 2 BETWEEN between IN 7960 12504 3 CHURCH church NN 7960 12504 4 AND and CC 7960 12504 5 STATE state NN 7960 12504 6 The the DT 7960 12504 7 universal universal JJ 7960 12504 8 dominion dominion NN 7960 12504 9 of of IN 7960 12504 10 the the DT 7960 12504 11 Church Church NNP 7960 12504 12 proved prove VBD 7960 12504 13 useful useful JJ 7960 12504 14 and and CC 7960 12504 15 even even RB 7960 12504 16 necessary necessary JJ 7960 12504 17 in in IN 7960 12504 18 feudal feudal JJ 7960 12504 19 times time NNS 7960 12504 20 , , , 7960 12504 21 when when WRB 7960 12504 22 kings king NNS 7960 12504 23 were be VBD 7960 12504 24 weak weak JJ 7960 12504 25 and and CC 7960 12504 26 nobles noble NNS 7960 12504 27 were be VBD 7960 12504 28 strong strong JJ 7960 12504 29 . . . 7960 12505 1 The the DT 7960 12505 2 Church Church NNP 7960 12505 3 of of IN 7960 12505 4 the the DT 7960 12505 5 early early JJ 7960 12505 6 Middle Middle NNP 7960 12505 7 Ages Ages NNPS 7960 12505 8 served serve VBD 7960 12505 9 as as IN 7960 12505 10 the the DT 7960 12505 11 chief chief JJ 7960 12505 12 unifying unifying JJ 7960 12505 13 force force NN 7960 12505 14 in in IN 7960 12505 15 Europe Europe NNP 7960 12505 16 . . . 7960 12506 1 When when WRB 7960 12506 2 , , , 7960 12506 3 however however RB 7960 12506 4 , , , 7960 12506 5 the the DT 7960 12506 6 kings king NNS 7960 12506 7 had have VBD 7960 12506 8 repressed repress VBN 7960 12506 9 feudalism feudalism NN 7960 12506 10 , , , 7960 12506 11 they -PRON- PRP 7960 12506 12 took take VBD 7960 12506 13 steps step NNS 7960 12506 14 to to TO 7960 12506 15 extend extend VB 7960 12506 16 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 12506 17 authority authority NN 7960 12506 18 over over IN 7960 12506 19 the the DT 7960 12506 20 Church Church NNP 7960 12506 21 as as RB 7960 12506 22 well well RB 7960 12506 23 . . . 7960 12507 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 12507 2 tried try VBD 7960 12507 3 , , , 7960 12507 4 therefore therefore RB 7960 12507 5 , , , 7960 12507 6 to to TO 7960 12507 7 restrict restrict VB 7960 12507 8 the the DT 7960 12507 9 privileges privilege NNS 7960 12507 10 of of IN 7960 12507 11 ecclesiastical ecclesiastical JJ 7960 12507 12 courts court NNS 7960 12507 13 , , , 7960 12507 14 to to TO 7960 12507 15 impose impose VB 7960 12507 16 taxes taxis NNS 7960 12507 17 on on IN 7960 12507 18 the the DT 7960 12507 19 clergy clergy NN 7960 12507 20 , , , 7960 12507 21 as as IN 7960 12507 22 on on IN 7960 12507 23 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 12507 24 own own JJ 7960 12507 25 subjects subject NNS 7960 12507 26 , , , 7960 12507 27 and and CC 7960 12507 28 to to TO 7960 12507 29 dictate dictate VB 7960 12507 30 the the DT 7960 12507 31 appointment appointment NN 7960 12507 32 of of IN 7960 12507 33 bishops bishop NNS 7960 12507 34 and and CC 7960 12507 35 abbots abbot NNS 7960 12507 36 to to IN 7960 12507 37 office office NN 7960 12507 38 . . . 7960 12508 1 This this DT 7960 12508 2 policy policy NN 7960 12508 3 naturally naturally RB 7960 12508 4 led lead VBD 7960 12508 5 to to IN 7960 12508 6 much much JJ 7960 12508 7 friction friction NN 7960 12508 8 between between IN 7960 12508 9 popes pope NNS 7960 12508 10 and and CC 7960 12508 11 kings king NNS 7960 12508 12 , , , 7960 12508 13 between between IN 7960 12508 14 Church Church NNP 7960 12508 15 and and CC 7960 12508 16 State State NNP 7960 12508 17 . . . 7960 12509 1 PONTIFICATE pontificate NN 7960 12509 2 OF of IN 7960 12509 3 BONIFACE boniface NN 7960 12509 4 VIII viii NN 7960 12509 5 , , , 7960 12509 6 1294 1294 CD 7960 12509 7 - - SYM 7960 12509 8 1303 1303 CD 7960 12509 9 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 12510 1 The the DT 7960 12510 2 Papacy Papacy NNP 7960 12510 3 put put VBD 7960 12510 4 forth forth RP 7960 12510 5 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 12510 6 most most RBS 7960 12510 7 extensive extensive JJ 7960 12510 8 claims claim NNS 7960 12510 9 under under IN 7960 12510 10 Boniface Boniface NNP 7960 12510 11 VIII VIII NNP 7960 12510 12 . . . 7960 12511 1 The the DT 7960 12511 2 character character NN 7960 12511 3 of of IN 7960 12511 4 these these DT 7960 12511 5 claims claim NNS 7960 12511 6 is be VBZ 7960 12511 7 shown show VBN 7960 12511 8 by by IN 7960 12511 9 two two CD 7960 12511 10 bulls bull NNS 7960 12511 11 which which WDT 7960 12511 12 he -PRON- PRP 7960 12511 13 issued issue VBD 7960 12511 14 . . . 7960 12512 1 The the DT 7960 12512 2 first first JJ 7960 12512 3 forbade forbade NN 7960 12512 4 all all DT 7960 12512 5 laymen layman NNS 7960 12512 6 , , , 7960 12512 7 under under IN 7960 12512 8 penalty penalty NN 7960 12512 9 of of IN 7960 12512 10 excommunication excommunication NN 7960 12512 11 , , , 7960 12512 12 to to TO 7960 12512 13 collect collect VB 7960 12512 14 taxes taxis NNS 7960 12512 15 on on IN 7960 12512 16 Church Church NNP 7960 12512 17 lands land NNS 7960 12512 18 , , , 7960 12512 19 and and CC 7960 12512 20 all all DT 7960 12512 21 clergymen clergyman NNS 7960 12512 22 to to TO 7960 12512 23 pay pay VB 7960 12512 24 them -PRON- PRP 7960 12512 25 . . . 7960 12513 1 The the DT 7960 12513 2 second second JJ 7960 12513 3 announced announce VBD 7960 12513 4 in in IN 7960 12513 5 unmistakable unmistakable JJ 7960 12513 6 terms term NNS 7960 12513 7 both both CC 7960 12513 8 the the DT 7960 12513 9 spiritual spiritual NN 7960 12513 10 and and CC 7960 12513 11 the the DT 7960 12513 12 temporal temporal JJ 7960 12513 13 supremacy supremacy NN 7960 12513 14 of of IN 7960 12513 15 the the DT 7960 12513 16 popes pope NNS 7960 12513 17 . . . 7960 12514 1 " " `` 7960 12514 2 Submission submission NN 7960 12514 3 to to IN 7960 12514 4 the the DT 7960 12514 5 Roman roman JJ 7960 12514 6 pontiff pontiff NN 7960 12514 7 , , , 7960 12514 8 " " '' 7960 12514 9 declared declare VBD 7960 12514 10 Boniface Boniface NNP 7960 12514 11 , , , 7960 12514 12 " " '' 7960 12514 13 is be VBZ 7960 12514 14 altogether altogether RB 7960 12514 15 necessary necessary JJ 7960 12514 16 to to IN 7960 12514 17 salvation salvation NN 7960 12514 18 for for IN 7960 12514 19 every every DT 7960 12514 20 human human JJ 7960 12514 21 creature creature NN 7960 12514 22 " " '' 7960 12514 23 . . . 7960 12515 1 BONIFACE BONIFACE NNP 7960 12515 2 AND and CC 7960 12515 3 PHILIP PHILIP NNP 7960 12515 4 THE the DT 7960 12515 5 FAIR FAIR NNP 7960 12515 6 Boniface Boniface NNP 7960 12515 7 had have VBD 7960 12515 8 employed employ VBN 7960 12515 9 the the DT 7960 12515 10 exalted exalted JJ 7960 12515 11 language language NN 7960 12515 12 of of IN 7960 12515 13 Gregory Gregory NNP 7960 12515 14 VII VII NNP 7960 12515 15 in in IN 7960 12515 16 dealing deal VBG 7960 12515 17 with with IN 7960 12515 18 Henry Henry NNP 7960 12515 19 IV IV NNP 7960 12515 20 , , , 7960 12515 21 but but CC 7960 12515 22 he -PRON- PRP 7960 12515 23 found find VBD 7960 12515 24 an an DT 7960 12515 25 opponent opponent NN 7960 12515 26 in in IN 7960 12515 27 a a DT 7960 12515 28 monarch monarch NN 7960 12515 29 more more RBR 7960 12515 30 resolute resolute JJ 7960 12515 31 and and CC 7960 12515 32 resourceful resourceful JJ 7960 12515 33 than than IN 7960 12515 34 any any DT 7960 12515 35 Holy Holy NNP 7960 12515 36 Roman Roman NNP 7960 12515 37 Emperor Emperor NNP 7960 12515 38 . . . 7960 12516 1 This this DT 7960 12516 2 was be VBD 7960 12516 3 Philip Philip NNP 7960 12516 4 the the DT 7960 12516 5 Fair Fair NNP 7960 12516 6 , , , 7960 12516 7 [ [ -LRB- 7960 12516 8 2 2 CD 7960 12516 9 ] ] -RRB- 7960 12516 10 king king NN 7960 12516 11 of of IN 7960 12516 12 France France NNP 7960 12516 13 . . . 7960 12517 1 Philip Philip NNP 7960 12517 2 answered answer VBD 7960 12517 3 the the DT 7960 12517 4 first first JJ 7960 12517 5 bull bull NN 7960 12517 6 by by IN 7960 12517 7 refusing refuse VBG 7960 12517 8 to to TO 7960 12517 9 allow allow VB 7960 12517 10 any any DT 7960 12517 11 gold gold NN 7960 12517 12 and and CC 7960 12517 13 silver silver NN 7960 12517 14 to to TO 7960 12517 15 be be VB 7960 12517 16 exported export VBN 7960 12517 17 from from IN 7960 12517 18 France France NNP 7960 12517 19 to to IN 7960 12517 20 Italy Italy NNP 7960 12517 21 . . . 7960 12518 1 The the DT 7960 12518 2 pope pope NN 7960 12518 3 , , , 7960 12518 4 thus thus RB 7960 12518 5 deprived deprive VBN 7960 12518 6 of of IN 7960 12518 7 valuable valuable JJ 7960 12518 8 revenues revenue NNS 7960 12518 9 , , , 7960 12518 10 gave give VBD 7960 12518 11 way way NN 7960 12518 12 and and CC 7960 12518 13 acknowledged acknowledge VBD 7960 12518 14 that that IN 7960 12518 15 the the DT 7960 12518 16 French french JJ 7960 12518 17 ruler ruler NN 7960 12518 18 had have VBD 7960 12518 19 a a DT 7960 12518 20 limited limited JJ 7960 12518 21 right right NN 7960 12518 22 to to TO 7960 12518 23 tax tax VB 7960 12518 24 the the DT 7960 12518 25 clergy clergy NNS 7960 12518 26 . . . 7960 12519 1 Another another DT 7960 12519 2 dispute dispute NN 7960 12519 3 soon soon RB 7960 12519 4 arose arise VBD 7960 12519 5 , , , 7960 12519 6 however however RB 7960 12519 7 , , , 7960 12519 8 as as IN 7960 12519 9 the the DT 7960 12519 10 result result NN 7960 12519 11 of of IN 7960 12519 12 Philip Philip NNP 7960 12519 13 's 's POS 7960 12519 14 imprisonment imprisonment NN 7960 12519 15 and and CC 7960 12519 16 trial trial NN 7960 12519 17 of of IN 7960 12519 18 an an DT 7960 12519 19 obnoxious obnoxious JJ 7960 12519 20 papal papal JJ 7960 12519 21 legate legate NN 7960 12519 22 . . . 7960 12520 1 Angered anger VBN 7960 12520 2 by by IN 7960 12520 3 this this DT 7960 12520 4 action action NN 7960 12520 5 , , , 7960 12520 6 Boniface Boniface NNP 7960 12520 7 prepared prepare 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NNP 7960 12524 1 The the DT 7960 12524 2 last last JJ 7960 12524 3 act act NN 7960 12524 4 of of IN 7960 12524 5 the the DT 7960 12524 6 drama drama NN 7960 12524 7 was be VBD 7960 12524 8 soon soon RB 7960 12524 9 played play VBN 7960 12524 10 . . . 7960 12525 1 Philip Philip NNP 7960 12525 2 sent send VBD 7960 12525 3 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 12525 4 emissaries emissary NNS 7960 12525 5 into into IN 7960 12525 6 Italy Italy NNP 7960 12525 7 to to TO 7960 12525 8 arrest arrest VB 7960 12525 9 the the DT 7960 12525 10 pope pope NN 7960 12525 11 and and CC 7960 12525 12 bring bring VB 7960 12525 13 him -PRON- PRP 7960 12525 14 to to IN 7960 12525 15 trial trial NN 7960 12525 16 before before IN 7960 12525 17 a a DT 7960 12525 18 general general JJ 7960 12525 19 council council NN 7960 12525 20 in in IN 7960 12525 21 France France NNP 7960 12525 22 . . . 7960 12526 1 At at IN 7960 12526 2 Anagni Anagni NNP 7960 12526 3 , , , 7960 12526 4 near near IN 7960 12526 5 Rome Rome NNP 7960 12526 6 , , , 7960 12526 7 a a DT 7960 12526 8 band band NN 7960 12526 9 of of IN 7960 12526 10 hireling hireling NN 7960 12526 11 soldiers soldier NNS 7960 12526 12 stormed storm VBD 7960 12526 13 the the DT 7960 12526 14 papal papal NNP 7960 12526 15 palace palace NNP 7960 12526 16 and and CC 7960 12526 17 made make VBD 7960 12526 18 Boniface Boniface NNP 7960 12526 19 a a DT 7960 12526 20 prisoner prisoner NN 7960 12526 21 . . . 7960 12527 1 The the DT 7960 12527 2 citizens citizen NNS 7960 12527 3 of of IN 7960 12527 4 Anagni Anagni NNP 7960 12527 5 soon soon RB 7960 12527 6 freed free VBD 7960 12527 7 him -PRON- PRP 7960 12527 8 , , , 7960 12527 9 but but CC 7960 12527 10 the the DT 7960 12527 11 shock shock NN 7960 12527 12 of of IN 7960 12527 13 the the DT 7960 12527 14 humiliation humiliation NN 7960 12527 15 broke break VBD 7960 12527 16 the the DT 7960 12527 17 old old JJ 7960 12527 18 man man NN 7960 12527 19 's 's POS 7960 12527 20 spirit spirit NN 7960 12527 21 and and CC 7960 12527 22 he -PRON- PRP 7960 12527 23 died die VBD 7960 12527 24 soon soon RB 7960 12527 25 afterwards afterwards RB 7960 12527 26 . . . 7960 12528 1 The the DT 7960 12528 2 poet poet NN 7960 12528 3 Dante Dante NNP 7960 12528 4 , , , 7960 12528 5 in in IN 7960 12528 6 the the DT 7960 12528 7 _ _ NNP 7960 12528 8 Divine Divine NNP 7960 12528 9 Comedy Comedy NNP 7960 12528 10 _ _ NNP 7960 12528 11 , , , 7960 12528 12 [ [ -LRB- 7960 12528 13 3 3 CD 7960 12528 14 ] ] -RRB- 7960 12528 15 speaks speak VBZ 7960 12528 16 with with IN 7960 12528 17 awe awe NN 7960 12528 18 of of IN 7960 12528 19 the the DT 7960 12528 20 outrage outrage NN 7960 12528 21 : : : 7960 12528 22 " " `` 7960 12528 23 Christ Christ NNP 7960 12528 24 had have VBD 7960 12528 25 been be VBN 7960 12528 26 again again RB 7960 12528 27 crucified crucify VBN 7960 12528 28 among among IN 7960 12528 29 robbers robber NNS 7960 12528 30 ; ; : 7960 12528 31 and and CC 7960 12528 32 the the DT 7960 12528 33 vinegar vinegar NN 7960 12528 34 and and CC 7960 12528 35 gall gall NN 7960 12528 36 had have VBD 7960 12528 37 been be VBN 7960 12528 38 again again RB 7960 12528 39 pressed press VBN 7960 12528 40 to to IN 7960 12528 41 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 12528 42 lips lip NNS 7960 12528 43 " " '' 7960 12528 44 . . . 7960 12529 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 12529 2 4 4 LS 7960 12529 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 12529 4 The the DT 7960 12529 5 historian historian NN 7960 12529 6 sees see VBZ 7960 12529 7 in in IN 7960 12529 8 this this DT 7960 12529 9 event event NN 7960 12529 10 the the DT 7960 12529 11 end end NN 7960 12529 12 of of IN 7960 12529 13 the the DT 7960 12529 14 temporal temporal JJ 7960 12529 15 power power NN 7960 12529 16 of of IN 7960 12529 17 the the DT 7960 12529 18 Papacy Papacy NNP 7960 12529 19 . . . 7960 12530 1 THE the DT 7960 12530 2 " " `` 7960 12530 3 BABYLONION BABYLONION NNS 7960 12530 4 CAPTIVITY CAPTIVITY NNP 7960 12530 5 , , , 7960 12530 6 " " '' 7960 12530 7 1309 1309 CD 7960 12530 8 - - SYM 7960 12530 9 1377 1377 CD 7960 12530 10 A.D. 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town town NN 7960 12575 15 of of IN 7960 12575 16 Albi Albi NNP 7960 12575 17 in in IN 7960 12575 18 southern southern JJ 7960 12575 19 France France NNP 7960 12575 20 , , , 7960 12575 21 where where WRB 7960 12575 22 many many JJ 7960 12575 23 of of IN 7960 12575 24 them -PRON- PRP 7960 12575 25 lived live VBD 7960 12575 26 . . . 7960 12576 1 Their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 12576 2 doctrines doctrine NNS 7960 12576 3 are be VBP 7960 12576 4 not not RB 7960 12576 5 well well RB 7960 12576 6 known known JJ 7960 12576 7 , , , 7960 12576 8 but but CC 7960 12576 9 they -PRON- PRP 7960 12576 10 seem seem VBP 7960 12576 11 to to TO 7960 12576 12 have have VB 7960 12576 13 believed believe VBN 7960 12576 14 in in IN 7960 12576 15 the the DT 7960 12576 16 existence existence NN 7960 12576 17 of of IN 7960 12576 18 two two CD 7960 12576 19 gods god NNS 7960 12576 20 -- -- : 7960 12576 21 one one CD 7960 12576 22 good good JJ 7960 12576 23 ( ( -LRB- 7960 12576 24 whose whose WP$ 7960 12576 25 son son NN 7960 12576 26 was be VBD 7960 12576 27 Christ Christ NNP 7960 12576 28 ) ) -RRB- 7960 12576 29 , , , 7960 12576 30 the the DT 7960 12576 31 other other JJ 7960 12576 32 evil evil NN 7960 12576 33 ( ( -LRB- 7960 12576 34 whose whose WP$ 7960 12576 35 son son NN 7960 12576 36 was be VBD 7960 12576 37 Satan Satan NNP 7960 12576 38 ) ) -RRB- 7960 12576 39 . . . 7960 12577 1 The the DT 7960 12577 2 Albigenses albigense NNS 7960 12577 3 even even RB 7960 12577 4 set set VBD 7960 12577 5 up up RP 7960 12577 6 a a DT 7960 12577 7 rival rival JJ 7960 12577 8 church church NN 7960 12577 9 , , , 7960 12577 10 with with IN 7960 12577 11 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 12577 12 priests priest NNS 7960 12577 13 , , , 7960 12577 14 bishops bishop NNS 7960 12577 15 , , , 7960 12577 16 and and CC 7960 12577 17 councils council NNS 7960 12577 18 . . . 7960 12578 1 CRUSADE CRUSADE NNP 7960 12578 2 AGAINST against IN 7960 12578 3 THE the DT 7960 12578 4 ALBIGENSES albigenses NN 7960 12578 5 , , , 7960 12578 6 1209 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NNP 7960 12579 1 The the DT 7960 12579 2 failure failure NN 7960 12579 3 of of IN 7960 12579 4 attempts attempt NNS 7960 12579 5 to to TO 7960 12579 6 convert convert VB 7960 12579 7 the the DT 7960 12579 8 Albigenses albigense NNS 7960 12579 9 by by IN 7960 12579 10 peaceful peaceful JJ 7960 12579 11 means mean NNS 7960 12579 12 led lead VBD 7960 12579 13 the the DT 7960 12579 14 pope pope NN 7960 12579 15 , , , 7960 12579 16 Innocent Innocent NNP 7960 12579 17 III III NNP 7960 12579 18 , , , 7960 12579 19 [ [ -LRB- 7960 12579 20 9 9 CD 7960 12579 21 ] ] -RRB- 7960 12579 22 to to TO 7960 12579 23 preach preach VB 7960 12579 24 a a DT 7960 12579 25 crusade crusade NN 7960 12579 26 against against IN 7960 12579 27 them -PRON- PRP 7960 12579 28 . . . 7960 12580 1 Those those DT 7960 12580 2 who who WP 7960 12580 3 entered enter VBD 7960 12580 4 upon upon IN 7960 12580 5 it -PRON- PRP 7960 12580 6 were be VBD 7960 12580 7 promised promise VBN 7960 12580 8 the the DT 7960 12580 9 usual usual JJ 7960 12580 10 privileges privilege NNS 7960 12580 11 of of IN 7960 12580 12 crusaders crusader NNS 7960 12580 13 . . . 7960 12581 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 12581 2 10 10 CD 7960 12581 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 12581 4 A a DT 7960 12581 5 series series NN 7960 12581 6 of of IN 7960 12581 7 bloody bloody JJ 7960 12581 8 wars war NNS 7960 12581 9 now now RB 7960 12581 10 followed follow VBN 7960 12581 11 , , , 7960 12581 12 in in IN 7960 12581 13 the the DT 7960 12581 14 course course NN 7960 12581 15 of of IN 7960 12581 16 which which WDT 7960 12581 17 thousands thousand NNS 7960 12581 18 of of IN 7960 12581 19 men man NNS 7960 12581 20 , , , 7960 12581 21 women woman NNS 7960 12581 22 , , , 7960 12581 23 and and CC 7960 12581 24 children child NNS 7960 12581 25 perished perish VBD 7960 12581 26 . . . 7960 12582 1 But but CC 7960 12582 2 the the DT 7960 12582 3 Albigensian albigensian JJ 7960 12582 4 sect sect NN 7960 12582 5 did do VBD 7960 12582 6 not not RB 7960 12582 7 entirely entirely RB 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part NNS 7960 12586 20 of of IN 7960 12586 21 the the DT 7960 12586 22 scriptures scripture NNS 7960 12586 23 and and CC 7960 12586 24 allowed allow VBD 7960 12586 25 everyone everyone NN 7960 12586 26 to to TO 7960 12586 27 preach preach VB 7960 12586 28 , , , 7960 12586 29 without without IN 7960 12586 30 distinction distinction NN 7960 12586 31 of of IN 7960 12586 32 age age NN 7960 12586 33 , , , 7960 12586 34 or or CC 7960 12586 35 rank rank NN 7960 12586 36 , , , 7960 12586 37 or or CC 7960 12586 38 sex sex NN 7960 12586 39 . . . 7960 12587 1 The the DT 7960 12587 2 Waldenses Waldenses NNPS 7960 12587 3 spread spread VBD 7960 12587 4 through through IN 7960 12587 5 many many JJ 7960 12587 6 European european JJ 7960 12587 7 countries country NNS 7960 12587 8 , , , 7960 12587 9 but but CC 7960 12587 10 being be VBG 7960 12587 11 poor poor JJ 7960 12587 12 and and CC 7960 12587 13 lowly lowly JJ 7960 12587 14 men man NNS 7960 12587 15 they -PRON- PRP 7960 12587 16 did do VBD 7960 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32 , , , 7960 12609 33 seditious seditious JJ 7960 12609 34 , , , 7960 12609 35 and and CC 7960 12609 36 dangerously dangerously RB 7960 12609 37 heretical heretical JJ 7960 12609 38 . . . 7960 12609 39 " " '' 7960 12610 1 The the DT 7960 12610 2 emperor emperor NN 7960 12610 3 then then RB 7960 12610 4 violated violate VBD 7960 12610 5 the the DT 7960 12610 6 safe safe JJ 7960 12610 7 conduct conduct NN 7960 12610 8 -- -- : 7960 12610 9 no no DT 7960 12610 10 promise promise NN 7960 12610 11 made make VBN 7960 12610 12 to to IN 7960 12610 13 a a DT 7960 12610 14 heretic heretic NN 7960 12610 15 was be VBD 7960 12610 16 considered consider VBN 7960 12610 17 binding binding JJ 7960 12610 18 -- -- : 7960 12610 19 and and CC 7960 12610 20 allowed allow VBD 7960 12610 21 Huss Huss NNP 7960 12610 22 to to TO 7960 12610 23 be be VB 7960 12610 24 burnt burn VBN 7960 12610 25 outside outside IN 7960 12610 26 the the DT 7960 12610 27 walls wall NNS 7960 12610 28 of of IN 7960 12610 29 Constance 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political political JJ 7960 12614 12 rather rather RB 7960 12614 13 than than IN 7960 12614 14 a a DT 7960 12614 15 religious religious JJ 7960 12614 16 struggle struggle NN 7960 12614 17 . . . 7960 12615 1 The the DT 7960 12615 2 Bohemians Bohemians NNPS 7960 12615 3 did do VBD 7960 12615 4 not not RB 7960 12615 5 gain gain VB 7960 12615 6 freedom freedom NN 7960 12615 7 , , , 7960 12615 8 and and CC 7960 12615 9 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 12615 10 country country NN 7960 12615 11 still still RB 7960 12615 12 remains remain VBZ 7960 12615 13 a a DT 7960 12615 14 Hapsburg Hapsburg NNP 7960 12615 15 possession possession NN 7960 12615 16 . . . 7960 12616 1 But but CC 7960 12616 2 the the DT 7960 12616 3 sense sense NN 7960 12616 4 of of IN 7960 12616 5 nationalism nationalism NN 7960 12616 6 is be VBZ 7960 12616 7 not not RB 7960 12616 8 extinct extinct VBN 7960 12616 9 there there RB 7960 12616 10 , , , 7960 12616 11 and and CC 7960 12616 12 Bohemia Bohemia NNP 7960 12616 13 may may MD 7960 12616 14 some some DT 7960 12616 15 day day NN 7960 12616 16 become become VB 7960 12616 17 an an DT 7960 12616 18 independent independent JJ 7960 12616 19 state state NN 7960 12616 20 . . . 7960 12617 1 230 230 CD 7960 12617 2 . . . 7960 12618 1 MARTIN MARTIN NNP 7960 12618 2 LUTHER LUTHER NNP 7960 12618 3 AND and CC 7960 12618 4 THE the DT 7960 12618 5 BEGINNING beginning NN 7960 12618 6 OF of IN 7960 12618 7 THE the DT 7960 12618 8 REFORMATION REFORMATION NNP 7960 12618 9 IN in IN 7960 12618 10 GERMANY GERMANY NNP 7960 12618 11 , , , 7960 12618 12 1517- 1517- CD 7960 12618 13 1522 1522 CD 7960 12618 14 A.D. 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12622 4 degrees degree NNS 7960 12622 5 of of IN 7960 12622 6 bachelor bachelor NN 7960 12622 7 and and CC 7960 12622 8 master master NN 7960 12622 9 of of IN 7960 12622 10 arts art NNS 7960 12622 11 , , , 7960 12622 12 Luther Luther NNP 7960 12622 13 began begin VBD 7960 12622 14 to to TO 7960 12622 15 study study VB 7960 12622 16 law law NN 7960 12622 17 , , , 7960 12622 18 but but CC 7960 12622 19 an an DT 7960 12622 20 acute acute JJ 7960 12622 21 sense sense NN 7960 12622 22 of of IN 7960 12622 23 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 12622 24 sinfulness sinfulness NN 7960 12622 25 and and CC 7960 12622 26 a a DT 7960 12622 27 desire desire NN 7960 12622 28 to to TO 7960 12622 29 save save VB 7960 12622 30 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 12622 31 soul soul NN 7960 12622 32 soon soon RB 7960 12622 33 drove drive VBD 7960 12622 34 him -PRON- PRP 7960 12622 35 into into IN 7960 12622 36 a a DT 7960 12622 37 monastery monastery NN 7960 12622 38 . . . 7960 12623 1 There there RB 7960 12623 2 he -PRON- PRP 7960 12623 3 read read VBD 7960 12623 4 the the DT 7960 12623 5 Bible Bible NNP 7960 12623 6 and and CC 7960 12623 7 the the DT 7960 12623 8 writings writing NNS 7960 12623 9 of of IN 7960 12623 10 the the DT 7960 12623 11 Church Church NNP 7960 12623 12 Fathers Fathers NNPS 7960 12623 13 and and CC 7960 12623 14 found find VBD 7960 12623 15 at at IN 7960 12623 16 last last JJ 7960 12623 17 the the DT 7960 12623 18 peace peace NN 7960 12623 19 of of IN 7960 12623 20 mind mind NN 7960 12623 21 he -PRON- PRP 7960 12623 22 sought seek VBD 7960 12623 23 . . . 7960 12624 1 A a DT 7960 12624 2 few few JJ 7960 12624 3 years year NNS 7960 12624 4 later later RB 7960 12624 5 Luther Luther NNP 7960 12624 6 paid pay VBD 7960 12624 7 a a DT 7960 12624 8 visit visit NN 7960 12624 9 to to IN 7960 12624 10 Rome Rome NNP 7960 12624 11 , , , 7960 12624 12 which which WDT 7960 12624 13 opened open VBD 7960 12624 14 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 12624 15 eyes eye NNS 7960 12624 16 to to IN 7960 12624 17 the the DT 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NNP 7960 12636 11 Luther Luther NNP 7960 12636 12 began begin VBD 7960 12636 13 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 12636 14 reforming reform VBG 7960 12636 15 career career NN 7960 12636 16 by by IN 7960 12636 17 an an DT 7960 12636 18 attack attack NN 7960 12636 19 upon upon IN 7960 12636 20 indulgences indulgence NNS 7960 12636 21 . . . 7960 12637 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 12637 2 did do VBD 7960 12637 3 not not RB 7960 12637 4 deny deny VB 7960 12637 5 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 12637 6 usefulness usefulness NN 7960 12637 7 altogether altogether RB 7960 12637 8 , , , 7960 12637 9 but but CC 7960 12637 10 pointed point VBD 7960 12637 11 out out RP 7960 12637 12 that that IN 7960 12637 13 they -PRON- PRP 7960 12637 14 lent lend VBD 7960 12637 15 themselves -PRON- PRP 7960 12637 16 to to IN 7960 12637 17 grave grave JJ 7960 12637 18 abuses abuse NNS 7960 12637 19 . . . 7960 12638 1 Common common JJ 7960 12638 2 people people NNS 7960 12638 3 , , , 7960 12638 4 who who WP 7960 12638 5 could could MD 7960 12638 6 not not RB 7960 12638 7 understand understand VB 7960 12638 8 the the DT 7960 12638 9 Latin Latin NNP 7960 12638 10 in in IN 7960 12638 11 which which WDT 7960 12638 12 they -PRON- PRP 7960 12638 13 were be VBD 7960 12638 14 written write VBN 7960 12638 15 , , , 7960 12638 16 often often RB 7960 12638 17 thought think VBD 7960 12638 18 that that IN 7960 12638 19 they -PRON- PRP 7960 12638 20 wiped wipe VBD 7960 12638 21 away away RP 7960 12638 22 the the DT 7960 12638 23 penalties penalty NNS 7960 12638 24 of of IN 7960 12638 25 sin sin NN 7960 12638 26 , , , 7960 12638 27 even even RB 7960 12638 28 without without IN 7960 12638 29 true true JJ 7960 12638 30 repentance repentance NN 7960 12638 31 . . . 7960 12639 1 These these DT 7960 12639 2 criticisms criticism NNS 7960 12639 3 Luther Luther NNP 7960 12639 4 set set VBD 7960 12639 5 forth forth RP 7960 12639 6 in in IN 7960 12639 7 ninety ninety CD 7960 12639 8 - - HYPH 7960 12639 9 five five CD 7960 12639 10 these these DT 7960 12639 11 s s NNS 7960 12639 12 or or CC 7960 12639 13 propositions proposition NNS 7960 12639 14 , , , 7960 12639 15 which which WDT 7960 12639 16 he -PRON- PRP 7960 12639 17 offered offer VBD 7960 12639 18 to to TO 7960 12639 19 defend defend VB 7960 12639 20 against against IN 7960 12639 21 all all DT 7960 12639 22 opponents opponent NNS 7960 12639 23 . . . 7960 12640 1 In in IN 7960 12640 2 accordance accordance NN 7960 12640 3 with with IN 7960 12640 4 the the DT 7960 12640 5 custom custom NN 7960 12640 6 of of IN 7960 12640 7 medieval medieval JJ 7960 12640 8 scholars scholar NNS 7960 12640 9 , , , 7960 12640 10 Luther Luther NNP 7960 12640 11 posted post VBD 7960 12640 12 his -PRON- PRP 7960 12640 13 these these DT 7960 12640 14 s s NNS 7960 12640 15 on on IN 7960 12640 16 the the DT 7960 12640 17 door door NN 7960 12640 18 of of IN 7960 12640 19 the the DT 7960 12640 20 church church NN 7960 12640 21 at at IN 7960 12640 22 Wittenberg Wittenberg NNP 7960 12640 23 , , , 7960 12640 24 where where WRB 7960 12640 25 all all DT 7960 12640 26 might may MD 7960 12640 27 see see VB 7960 12640 28 them -PRON- PRP 7960 12640 29 . . . 7960 12641 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 12641 2 were be VBD 7960 12641 3 composed compose VBN 7960 12641 4 in in IN 7960 12641 5 Latin Latin NNP 7960 12641 6 , , , 7960 12641 7 but but CC 7960 12641 8 were be VBD 7960 12641 9 at at IN 7960 12641 10 once once RB 7960 12641 11 translated translate VBN 7960 12641 12 into into IN 7960 12641 13 German German NNP 7960 12641 14 , , , 7960 12641 15 printed print VBN 7960 12641 16 , , , 7960 12641 17 and and CC 7960 12641 18 spread spread VBD 7960 12641 19 broadcast broadcast NN 7960 12641 20 over over IN 7960 12641 21 Germany Germany NNP 7960 12641 22 . . . 7960 12642 1 Their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 12642 2 effect effect NN 7960 12642 3 was be VBD 7960 12642 4 so so RB 7960 12642 5 great great JJ 7960 12642 6 that that IN 7960 12642 7 before before IN 7960 12642 8 long long RB 7960 12642 9 the the DT 7960 12642 10 sale sale NN 7960 12642 11 of of IN 7960 12642 12 indulgences indulgence NNS 7960 12642 13 in in IN 7960 12642 14 that that DT 7960 12642 15 country country NN 7960 12642 16 almost almost RB 7960 12642 17 ceased cease VBD 7960 12642 18 . . . 7960 12643 1 BURNING burning NN 7960 12643 2 OF of IN 7960 12643 3 THE the DT 7960 12643 4 PAPAL PAPAL NNP 7960 12643 5 BULL BULL NNP 7960 12643 6 , , , 7960 12643 7 1520 1520 CD 7960 12643 8 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 12644 1 The the DT 7960 12644 2 scholarly scholarly JJ 7960 12644 3 critic critic NN 7960 12644 4 of of IN 7960 12644 5 indulgences indulgence NNS 7960 12644 6 soon soon RB 7960 12644 7 passed pass VBD 7960 12644 8 into into IN 7960 12644 9 an an DT 7960 12644 10 open open JJ 7960 12644 11 foe foe NN 7960 12644 12 of of IN 7960 12644 13 the the DT 7960 12644 14 Papacy Papacy NNP 7960 12644 15 . . . 7960 12645 1 Luther Luther NNP 7960 12645 2 found find VBD 7960 12645 3 that that IN 7960 12645 4 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 12645 5 theological theological JJ 7960 12645 6 views view NNS 7960 12645 7 bore bear VBD 7960 12645 8 a a DT 7960 12645 9 close close JJ 7960 12645 10 resemblance resemblance NN 7960 12645 11 to to IN 7960 12645 12 those those DT 7960 12645 13 of of IN 7960 12645 14 Wycliffe Wycliffe NNP 7960 12645 15 and and CC 7960 12645 16 John John NNP 7960 12645 17 Huss Huss NNP 7960 12645 18 , , , 7960 12645 19 yet yet CC 7960 12645 20 he -PRON- PRP 7960 12645 21 refused refuse VBD 7960 12645 22 to to TO 7960 12645 23 give give VB 7960 12645 24 them -PRON- PRP 7960 12645 25 up up RP 7960 12645 26 as as RB 7960 12645 27 heretical heretical JJ 7960 12645 28 . . . 7960 12646 1 Instead instead RB 7960 12646 2 , , , 7960 12646 3 he -PRON- PRP 7960 12646 4 wrote write VBD 7960 12646 5 three three CD 7960 12646 6 bold bold JJ 7960 12646 7 pamphlets pamphlet NNS 7960 12646 8 , , , 7960 12646 9 in in IN 7960 12646 10 one one CD 7960 12646 11 of of IN 7960 12646 12 which which WDT 7960 12646 13 he -PRON- PRP 7960 12646 14 appealed appeal VBD 7960 12646 15 to to IN 7960 12646 16 the the DT 7960 12646 17 " " `` 7960 12646 18 Christian christian JJ 7960 12646 19 nobility nobility NN 7960 12646 20 of of IN 7960 12646 21 the the DT 7960 12646 22 German german JJ 7960 12646 23 nation nation NN 7960 12646 24 " " '' 7960 12646 25 to to TO 7960 12646 26 rally rally VB 7960 12646 27 together together RB 7960 12646 28 against against IN 7960 12646 29 Rome Rome NNP 7960 12646 30 . . . 7960 12647 1 The the DT 7960 12647 2 pope pope NN 7960 12647 3 , , , 7960 12647 4 at at IN 7960 12647 5 first first RB 7960 12647 6 , , , 7960 12647 7 had have VBD 7960 12647 8 paid pay VBN 7960 12647 9 little little JJ 7960 12647 10 attention attention NN 7960 12647 11 to to IN 7960 12647 12 the the DT 7960 12647 13 controversy controversy NN 7960 12647 14 about about IN 7960 12647 15 indulgences indulgence NNS 7960 12647 16 , , , 7960 12647 17 declaring declare VBG 7960 12647 18 it -PRON- PRP 7960 12647 19 " " `` 7960 12647 20 a a DT 7960 12647 21 mere mere JJ 7960 12647 22 squabble squabble NN 7960 12647 23 of of IN 7960 12647 24 monks monk NNS 7960 12647 25 , , , 7960 12647 26 " " '' 7960 12647 27 but but CC 7960 12647 28 he -PRON- PRP 7960 12647 29 now now RB 7960 12647 30 issued issue VBD 7960 12647 31 a a DT 7960 12647 32 bull bull NN 7960 12647 33 against against IN 7960 12647 34 Luther Luther NNP 7960 12647 35 , , , 7960 12647 36 ordering order VBG 7960 12647 37 him -PRON- PRP 7960 12647 38 to to TO 7960 12647 39 recant recant VB 7960 12647 40 within within IN 7960 12647 41 sixty sixty CD 7960 12647 42 days day NNS 7960 12647 43 or or CC 7960 12647 44 be be VB 7960 12647 45 excommunicated excommunicate VBN 7960 12647 46 . . . 7960 12648 1 The the DT 7960 12648 2 papal papal JJ 7960 12648 3 bull bull NN 7960 12648 4 did do VBD 7960 12648 5 not not RB 7960 12648 6 frighten frighten VB 7960 12648 7 Luther Luther NNP 7960 12648 8 or or CC 7960 12648 9 withdraw withdraw VB 7960 12648 10 from from IN 7960 12648 11 him -PRON- PRP 7960 12648 12 popular popular JJ 7960 12648 13 support support NN 7960 12648 14 . . . 7960 12649 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 12649 2 burnt burn VBD 7960 12649 3 it -PRON- PRP 7960 12649 4 in in IN 7960 12649 5 the the DT 7960 12649 6 market market NN 7960 12649 7 square square NN 7960 12649 8 of of IN 7960 12649 9 Wittenberg Wittenberg NNP 7960 12649 10 , , , 7960 12649 11 in in IN 7960 12649 12 the the DT 7960 12649 13 presence presence NN 7960 12649 14 of of IN 7960 12649 15 a a DT 7960 12649 16 concourse concourse NN 7960 12649 17 of of IN 7960 12649 18 students student NNS 7960 12649 19 and and CC 7960 12649 20 townsfolk townsfolk NN 7960 12649 21 . . . 7960 12650 1 This this DT 7960 12650 2 dramatic dramatic JJ 7960 12650 3 answer answer NN 7960 12650 4 to to IN 7960 12650 5 the the DT 7960 12650 6 pope pope NNP 7960 12650 7 deeply deeply RB 7960 12650 8 stirred stir VBD 7960 12650 9 all all DT 7960 12650 10 Germany Germany NNP 7960 12650 11 . . . 7960 12651 1 DIET diet NN 7960 12651 2 OF of IN 7960 12651 3 WORMS WORMS NNP 7960 12651 4 , , , 7960 12651 5 1521 1521 CD 7960 12651 6 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 12652 1 The the DT 7960 12652 2 next next JJ 7960 12652 3 scene scene NN 7960 12652 4 of of IN 7960 12652 5 the the DT 7960 12652 6 Reformation Reformation NNP 7960 12652 7 was be VBD 7960 12652 8 staged stage VBN 7960 12652 9 at at IN 7960 12652 10 Worms Worms NNP 7960 12652 11 , , , 7960 12652 12 at at IN 7960 12652 13 an an DT 7960 12652 14 important important JJ 7960 12652 15 assembly assembly NN 7960 12652 16 , , , 7960 12652 17 or or CC 7960 12652 18 Diet Diet NNP 7960 12652 19 , , , 7960 12652 20 of of IN 7960 12652 21 the the DT 7960 12652 22 Holy Holy NNP 7960 12652 23 Roman Roman NNP 7960 12652 24 Empire Empire NNP 7960 12652 25 . . . 7960 12653 1 The the DT 7960 12653 2 Diet Diet NNP 7960 12653 3 summoned summon VBD 7960 12653 4 Luther Luther NNP 7960 12653 5 to to TO 7960 12653 6 appear appear VB 7960 12653 7 before before IN 7960 12653 8 it -PRON- PRP 7960 12653 9 for for IN 7960 12653 10 examination examination NN 7960 12653 11 , , , 7960 12653 12 and and CC 7960 12653 13 the the DT 7960 12653 14 emperor emperor NN 7960 12653 15 , , , 7960 12653 16 Charles Charles NNP 7960 12653 17 V V NNP 7960 12653 18 , , , 7960 12653 19 gave give VBD 7960 12653 20 him -PRON- PRP 7960 12653 21 a a DT 7960 12653 22 safe safe JJ 7960 12653 23 conduct conduct NN 7960 12653 24 . . . 7960 12654 1 Luther Luther NNP 7960 12654 2 's 's POS 7960 12654 3 friends friend NNS 7960 12654 4 , , , 7960 12654 5 remembering remember VBG 7960 12654 6 the the DT 7960 12654 7 treatment treatment NN 7960 12654 8 of of IN 7960 12654 9 Huss Huss NNP 7960 12654 10 , , , 7960 12654 11 advised advise VBD 7960 12654 12 him -PRON- PRP 7960 12654 13 not not RB 7960 12654 14 to to TO 7960 12654 15 accept accept VB 7960 12654 16 the the DT 7960 12654 17 summons summon NNS 7960 12654 18 , , , 7960 12654 19 but but CC 7960 12654 20 he -PRON- PRP 7960 12654 21 declared declare VBD 7960 12654 22 that that IN 7960 12654 23 he -PRON- PRP 7960 12654 24 would would MD 7960 12654 25 enter enter VB 7960 12654 26 Worms Worms NNPS 7960 12654 27 " " '' 7960 12654 28 in in IN 7960 12654 29 the the DT 7960 12654 30 face face NN 7960 12654 31 of of IN 7960 12654 32 the the DT 7960 12654 33 gates gate NNS 7960 12654 34 of of IN 7960 12654 35 Hell Hell NNP 7960 12654 36 and and CC 7960 12654 37 the the DT 7960 12654 38 powers power NNS 7960 12654 39 of of IN 7960 12654 40 the the DT 7960 12654 41 air air NN 7960 12654 42 . . . 7960 12654 43 " " '' 7960 12655 1 In in IN 7960 12655 2 the the DT 7960 12655 3 great great JJ 7960 12655 4 hall hall NN 7960 12655 5 of of IN 7960 12655 6 the the DT 7960 12655 7 Diet Diet NNP 7960 12655 8 Luther Luther NNP 7960 12655 9 bravely bravely RB 7960 12655 10 faced face VBD 7960 12655 11 the the DT 7960 12655 12 princes prince NNS 7960 12655 13 , , , 7960 12655 14 nobles noble NNS 7960 12655 15 , , , 7960 12655 16 and and CC 7960 12655 17 clergy clergy NNS 7960 12655 18 of of IN 7960 12655 19 Germany Germany NNP 7960 12655 20 . . . 7960 12656 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 12656 2 refused refuse VBD 7960 12656 3 to to TO 7960 12656 4 retract retract VB 7960 12656 5 anything anything NN 7960 12656 6 he -PRON- PRP 7960 12656 7 had have VBD 7960 12656 8 written write VBN 7960 12656 9 , , , 7960 12656 10 unless unless IN 7960 12656 11 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 12656 12 statements statement NNS 7960 12656 13 could could MD 7960 12656 14 be be VB 7960 12656 15 shown show VBN 7960 12656 16 to to TO 7960 12656 17 contradict contradict VB 7960 12656 18 the the DT 7960 12656 19 Bible Bible NNP 7960 12656 20 . . . 7960 12657 1 " " `` 7960 12657 2 It -PRON- PRP 7960 12657 3 is be VBZ 7960 12657 4 neither neither CC 7960 12657 5 right right JJ 7960 12657 6 nor nor CC 7960 12657 7 safe safe JJ 7960 12657 8 to to TO 7960 12657 9 act act VB 7960 12657 10 against against IN 7960 12657 11 conscience conscience NN 7960 12657 12 , , , 7960 12657 13 " " '' 7960 12657 14 Luther Luther NNP 7960 12657 15 said say VBD 7960 12657 16 . . . 7960 12658 1 " " `` 7960 12658 2 God God NNP 7960 12658 3 help help VBP 7960 12658 4 me -PRON- PRP 7960 12658 5 . . . 7960 12659 1 Amen amen UH 7960 12659 2 . . . 7960 12659 3 " " '' 7960 12660 1 LUTHER LUTHER NNP 7960 12660 2 AT AT NNP 7960 12660 3 THE the DT 7960 12660 4 WARTBURG WARTBURG NNP 7960 12660 5 , , , 7960 12660 6 1521 1521 CD 7960 12660 7 - - SYM 7960 12660 8 1522 1522 CD 7960 12660 9 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 12660 10 Only only RB 7960 12660 11 one one CD 7960 12660 12 thing thing NN 7960 12660 13 remained remain VBD 7960 12660 14 to to TO 7960 12660 15 do do VB 7960 12660 16 with with IN 7960 12660 17 Luther Luther NNP 7960 12660 18 . . . 7960 12661 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 12661 2 was be VBD 7960 12661 3 ordered order VBN 7960 12661 4 to to TO 7960 12661 5 return return VB 7960 12661 6 to to IN 7960 12661 7 Wittenberg Wittenberg NNP 7960 12661 8 and and CC 7960 12661 9 there there EX 7960 12661 10 await await VBP 7960 12661 11 the the DT 7960 12661 12 imperial imperial JJ 7960 12661 13 edict edict NN 7960 12661 14 declaring declare VBG 7960 12661 15 him -PRON- PRP 7960 12661 16 a a DT 7960 12661 17 heretic heretic NN 7960 12661 18 and and CC 7960 12661 19 outlaw outlaw NN 7960 12661 20 . . . 7960 12662 1 But but CC 7960 12662 2 the the DT 7960 12662 3 elector elector NN 7960 12662 4 of of IN 7960 12662 5 Saxony Saxony NNP 7960 12662 6 , , , 7960 12662 7 who who WP 7960 12662 8 feared fear VBD 7960 12662 9 for for IN 7960 12662 10 Luther Luther NNP 7960 12662 11 's 's POS 7960 12662 12 safety safety NN 7960 12662 13 , , , 7960 12662 14 had have VBD 7960 12662 15 him -PRON- PRP 7960 12662 16 carried carry VBN 7960 12662 17 off off RP 7960 12662 18 secretly secretly RB 7960 12662 19 to to IN 7960 12662 20 the the DT 7960 12662 21 castle castle NN 7960 12662 22 of of IN 7960 12662 23 Wartburg Wartburg NNP 7960 12662 24 . . . 7960 12663 1 Here here RB 7960 12663 2 Luther Luther NNP 7960 12663 3 remained remain VBD 7960 12663 4 for for IN 7960 12663 5 nearly nearly RB 7960 12663 6 a a DT 7960 12663 7 year year NN 7960 12663 8 , , , 7960 12663 9 engaged engage VBN 7960 12663 10 in in IN 7960 12663 11 translating translate VBG 7960 12663 12 the the DT 7960 12663 13 New New NNP 7960 12663 14 Testament Testament NNP 7960 12663 15 into into IN 7960 12663 16 German German NNP 7960 12663 17 . . . 7960 12664 1 There there EX 7960 12664 2 had have VBD 7960 12664 3 been be VBN 7960 12664 4 many many JJ 7960 12664 5 earlier early JJR 7960 12664 6 translations translation NNS 7960 12664 7 into into IN 7960 12664 8 German German NNP 7960 12664 9 , , , 7960 12664 10 but but CC 7960 12664 11 Luther Luther NNP 7960 12664 12 's 's POS 7960 12664 13 was be VBD 7960 12664 14 the the DT 7960 12664 15 first first JJ 7960 12664 16 from from IN 7960 12664 17 the the DT 7960 12664 18 Greek greek JJ 7960 12664 19 original original NN 7960 12664 20 . . . 7960 12665 1 His -PRON- PRP$ 7960 12665 2 version version NN 7960 12665 3 , , , 7960 12665 4 simple simple JJ 7960 12665 5 , , , 7960 12665 6 forcible forcible JJ 7960 12665 7 , , , 7960 12665 8 and and CC 7960 12665 9 easy easy JJ 7960 12665 10 to to TO 7960 12665 11 understand understand VB 7960 12665 12 , , , 7960 12665 13 enjoyed enjoy VBN 7960 12665 14 wide wide JJ 7960 12665 15 popularity popularity NN 7960 12665 16 and and CC 7960 12665 17 helped help VBD 7960 12665 18 to to TO 7960 12665 19 fix fix VB 7960 12665 20 for for IN 7960 12665 21 Germans Germans NNPS 7960 12665 22 the the DT 7960 12665 23 form form NN 7960 12665 24 of of IN 7960 12665 25 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 12665 26 literary literary JJ 7960 12665 27 language language NN 7960 12665 28 . . . 7960 12666 1 Luther luther NN 7960 12666 2 afterwards afterwards RB 7960 12666 3 completed complete VBD 7960 12666 4 a a DT 7960 12666 5 translation translation NN 7960 12666 6 of of IN 7960 12666 7 the the DT 7960 12666 8 entire entire JJ 7960 12666 9 Bible Bible NNP 7960 12666 10 , , , 7960 12666 11 which which WDT 7960 12666 12 the the DT 7960 12666 13 printing print VBG 7960 12666 14 press press NN 7960 12666 15 multiplied multiply VBN 7960 12666 16 in in IN 7960 12666 17 thousands thousand NNS 7960 12666 18 of of IN 7960 12666 19 copies copy NNS 7960 12666 20 throughout throughout IN 7960 12666 21 Germany Germany NNP 7960 12666 22 . . . 7960 12667 1 LUTHER LUTHER NNP 7960 12667 2 'S 's POS 7960 12667 3 LEADERSHIP leadership NN 7960 12667 4 Though though IN 7960 12667 5 still still RB 7960 12667 6 under under IN 7960 12667 7 the the DT 7960 12667 8 ban ban NN 7960 12667 9 of of IN 7960 12667 10 the the DT 7960 12667 11 empire empire NN 7960 12667 12 , , , 7960 12667 13 Luther Luther NNP 7960 12667 14 left leave VBD 7960 12667 15 the the DT 7960 12667 16 Wartburg Wartburg NNP 7960 12667 17 in in IN 7960 12667 18 1522 1522 CD 7960 12667 19 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 12667 20 and and CC 7960 12667 21 returned return VBD 7960 12667 22 to to IN 7960 12667 23 Wittenberg Wittenberg NNP 7960 12667 24 . . . 7960 12668 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 12668 2 lived live VBD 7960 12668 3 here here RB 7960 12668 4 , , , 7960 12668 5 unmolested unmoleste VBD 7960 12668 6 , , , 7960 12668 7 until until IN 7960 12668 8 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 12668 9 death death NN 7960 12668 10 , , , 7960 12668 11 twenty twenty CD 7960 12668 12 - - HYPH 7960 12668 13 four four CD 7960 12668 14 years year NNS 7960 12668 15 later later RB 7960 12668 16 . . . 7960 12669 1 During during IN 7960 12669 2 this this DT 7960 12669 3 time time NN 7960 12669 4 he -PRON- PRP 7960 12669 5 flooded flood VBD 7960 12669 6 the the DT 7960 12669 7 country country NN 7960 12669 8 with with IN 7960 12669 9 pamphlets pamphlet NNS 7960 12669 10 , , , 7960 12669 11 wrote write VBD 7960 12669 12 innumerable innumerable JJ 7960 12669 13 letters letter NNS 7960 12669 14 , , , 7960 12669 15 composed compose VBD 7960 12669 16 many many JJ 7960 12669 17 fine fine JJ 7960 12669 18 hymns hymn NNS 7960 12669 19 , , , 7960 12669 20 [ [ -LRB- 7960 12669 21 15 15 CD 7960 12669 22 ] ] -RRB- 7960 12669 23 and and CC 7960 12669 24 prepared prepare VBD 7960 12669 25 a a DT 7960 12669 26 catechism catechism NN 7960 12669 27 , , , 7960 12669 28 " " '' 7960 12669 29 a a DT 7960 12669 30 right right JJ 7960 12669 31 Bible Bible NNP 7960 12669 32 , , , 7960 12669 33 " " '' 7960 12669 34 said say VBD 7960 12669 35 he -PRON- PRP 7960 12669 36 , , , 7960 12669 37 " " `` 7960 12669 38 for for IN 7960 12669 39 the the DT 7960 12669 40 laity laity NN 7960 12669 41 . . . 7960 12669 42 " " '' 7960 12670 1 Thus thus RB 7960 12670 2 Luther Luther NNP 7960 12670 3 became become VBD 7960 12670 4 the the DT 7960 12670 5 guide guide NN 7960 12670 6 and and CC 7960 12670 7 patron patron NN 7960 12670 8 of of IN 7960 12670 9 the the DT 7960 12670 10 reformatory reformatory JJ 7960 12670 11 movement movement NN 7960 12670 12 which which WDT 7960 12670 13 he -PRON- PRP 7960 12670 14 had have VBD 7960 12670 15 started start VBN 7960 12670 16 . . . 7960 12671 1 231 231 CD 7960 12671 2 . . . 7960 12672 1 CHARLES CHARLES NNP 7960 12672 2 V V NNP 7960 12672 3 AND and CC 7960 12672 4 THE the DT 7960 12672 5 SPREAD SPREAD NNP 7960 12672 6 OF of IN 7960 12672 7 THE the DT 7960 12672 8 GERMAN GERMAN NNP 7960 12672 9 REFORMATION reformation NN 7960 12672 10 , , , 7960 12672 11 1519 1519 CD 7960 12672 12 - - SYM 7960 12672 13 1556 1556 CD 7960 12672 14 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 12672 15 CHARLES CHARLES NNP 7960 12672 16 V V NNP 7960 12672 17 , , , 7960 12672 18 EMPEROR EMPEROR NNP 7960 12672 19 , , , 7960 12672 20 1519 1519 CD 7960 12672 21 - - SYM 7960 12672 22 1556 1556 CD 7960 12672 23 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 12673 1 The the DT 7960 12673 2 young young JJ 7960 12673 3 man man NN 7960 12673 4 who who WP 7960 12673 5 as as IN 7960 12673 6 Holy Holy NNP 7960 12673 7 Roman Roman NNP 7960 12673 8 Emperor Emperor NNP 7960 12673 9 presided preside VBD 7960 12673 10 at at IN 7960 12673 11 the the DT 7960 12673 12 Diet Diet NNP 7960 12673 13 of of IN 7960 12673 14 Worms Worms NNPS 7960 12673 15 had have VBD 7960 12673 16 assumed assume VBN 7960 12673 17 the the DT 7960 12673 18 imperial imperial JJ 7960 12673 19 crown crown NN 7960 12673 20 only only RB 7960 12673 21 two two CD 7960 12673 22 years year NNS 7960 12673 23 previously previously RB 7960 12673 24 . . . 7960 12674 1 A a DT 7960 12674 2 namesake namesake NN 7960 12674 3 of of IN 7960 12674 4 Charlemagne Charlemagne NNP 7960 12674 5 , , , 7960 12674 6 Charles Charles NNP 7960 12674 7 V V NNP 7960 12674 8 held hold VBD 7960 12674 9 sway sway NN 7960 12674 10 over over IN 7960 12674 11 dominions dominion NNS 7960 12674 12 even even RB 7960 12674 13 more more RBR 7960 12674 14 extensive extensive JJ 7960 12674 15 than than IN 7960 12674 16 those those DT 7960 12674 17 which which WDT 7960 12674 18 had have VBD 7960 12674 19 belonged belong VBN 7960 12674 20 to to IN 7960 12674 21 the the DT 7960 12674 22 Frankish frankish JJ 7960 12674 23 king king NN 7960 12674 24 . . . 7960 12675 1 Through through IN 7960 12675 2 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 12675 3 mother mother NN 7960 12675 4 , , , 7960 12675 5 a a DT 7960 12675 6 daughter daughter NN 7960 12675 7 of of IN 7960 12675 8 Ferdinand Ferdinand NNP 7960 12675 9 and and CC 7960 12675 10 Isabella Isabella NNP 7960 12675 11 , , , 7960 12675 12 [ [ -LRB- 7960 12675 13 16 16 CD 7960 12675 14 ] ] -RRB- 7960 12675 15 he -PRON- PRP 7960 12675 16 inherited inherit VBD 7960 12675 17 Spain Spain NNP 7960 12675 18 , , , 7960 12675 19 Naples Naples NNP 7960 12675 20 , , , 7960 12675 21 Sicily Sicily NNP 7960 12675 22 , , , 7960 12675 23 and and CC 7960 12675 24 the the DT 7960 12675 25 Spanish spanish JJ 7960 12675 26 possessions possession NNS 7960 12675 27 in in IN 7960 12675 28 the the DT 7960 12675 29 New New NNP 7960 12675 30 World World NNP 7960 12675 31 . . . 7960 12676 1 Through through IN 7960 12676 2 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 12676 3 father father NN 7960 12676 4 , , , 7960 12676 5 a a DT 7960 12676 6 son son NN 7960 12676 7 of of IN 7960 12676 8 the the DT 7960 12676 9 emperor emperor NN 7960 12676 10 Maximilian Maximilian NNP 7960 12676 11 I I NNP 7960 12676 12 , , , 7960 12676 13 he -PRON- PRP 7960 12676 14 became become VBD 7960 12676 15 ruler ruler NN 7960 12676 16 of of IN 7960 12676 17 Burgundy Burgundy NNP 7960 12676 18 and and CC 7960 12676 19 the the DT 7960 12676 20 Netherlands Netherlands NNP 7960 12676 21 and and CC 7960 12676 22 also also RB 7960 12676 23 succeeded succeed VBD 7960 12676 24 to to IN 7960 12676 25 the the DT 7960 12676 26 Austrian austrian JJ 7960 12676 27 territories territory NNS 7960 12676 28 of of IN 7960 12676 29 the the DT 7960 12676 30 Hapsburgs Hapsburgs NNPS 7960 12676 31 . . . 7960 12677 1 Charles Charles NNP 7960 12677 2 was be VBD 7960 12677 3 thus thus RB 7960 12677 4 the the DT 7960 12677 5 most most RBS 7960 12677 6 powerful powerful JJ 7960 12677 7 monarch monarch NN 7960 12677 8 in in IN 7960 12677 9 Europe Europe NNP 7960 12677 10 . . . 7960 12678 1 CHARLES CHARLES NNP 7960 12678 2 V v NN 7960 12678 3 AND and CC 7960 12678 4 THE the DT 7960 12678 5 LUTHERANS LUTHERANS NNP 7960 12678 6 Charles Charles NNP 7960 12678 7 , , , 7960 12678 8 as as IN 7960 12678 9 a a DT 7960 12678 10 devout devout JJ 7960 12678 11 Roman Roman NNP 7960 12678 12 Catholic Catholic NNP 7960 12678 13 , , , 7960 12678 14 had have VBD 7960 12678 15 no no DT 7960 12678 16 sympathy sympathy NN 7960 12678 17 for for IN 7960 12678 18 the the DT 7960 12678 19 Reformation Reformation NNP 7960 12678 20 . . . 7960 12679 1 At at IN 7960 12679 2 Worms Worms NNP 7960 12679 3 , , , 7960 12679 4 on on IN 7960 12679 5 the the DT 7960 12679 6 day day NN 7960 12679 7 following follow VBG 7960 12679 8 Luther Luther NNP 7960 12679 9 's 's POS 7960 12679 10 refusal refusal NN 7960 12679 11 to to IN 7960 12679 12 recant recant NN 7960 12679 13 , , , 7960 12679 14 the the DT 7960 12679 15 emperor emperor NN 7960 12679 16 had have VBD 7960 12679 17 expressed express VBN 7960 12679 18 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 12679 19 determination determination NN 7960 12679 20 to to TO 7960 12679 21 stake stake VB 7960 12679 22 " " `` 7960 12679 23 all all DT 7960 12679 24 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 12679 25 dominions dominion NNS 7960 12679 26 , , , 7960 12679 27 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 12679 28 friends friend NNS 7960 12679 29 , , , 7960 12679 30 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 12679 31 body body NN 7960 12679 32 and and CC 7960 12679 33 blood blood NN 7960 12679 34 , , , 7960 12679 35 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 12679 36 life life NN 7960 12679 37 and and CC 7960 12679 38 soul soul NN 7960 12679 39 " " '' 7960 12679 40 upon upon IN 7960 12679 41 the the DT 7960 12679 42 extinction extinction NN 7960 12679 43 of of IN 7960 12679 44 the the DT 7960 12679 45 Lutheran Lutheran NNP 7960 12679 46 heresy heresy NN 7960 12679 47 . . . 7960 12680 1 This this DT 7960 12680 2 might may MD 7960 12680 3 have have VB 7960 12680 4 been be VBN 7960 12680 5 an an DT 7960 12680 6 easy easy JJ 7960 12680 7 task task NN 7960 12680 8 , , , 7960 12680 9 had have VBD 7960 12680 10 Charles Charles NNP 7960 12680 11 undertaken undertake VBN 7960 12680 12 it -PRON- PRP 7960 12680 13 at at IN 7960 12680 14 once once RB 7960 12680 15 . . . 7960 12681 1 But but CC 7960 12681 2 a a DT 7960 12681 3 revolt revolt NN 7960 12681 4 in in IN 7960 12681 5 Spain Spain NNP 7960 12681 6 , , , 7960 12681 7 wars war NNS 7960 12681 8 with with IN 7960 12681 9 the the DT 7960 12681 10 French french JJ 7960 12681 11 king king NN 7960 12681 12 , , , 7960 12681 13 Francis Francis NNP 7960 12681 14 I I NNP 7960 12681 15 , , , 7960 12681 16 and and CC 7960 12681 17 conflicts conflict NNS 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A.D. NNP 7960 12718 1 The the DT 7960 12718 2 Protestants Protestants NNPS 7960 12718 3 in in IN 7960 12718 4 Switzerland Switzerland NNP 7960 12718 5 did do VBD 7960 12718 6 not not RB 7960 12718 7 remain remain VB 7960 12718 8 long long JJ 7960 12718 9 without without IN 7960 12718 10 a a DT 7960 12718 11 leader leader NN 7960 12718 12 . . . 7960 12719 1 To to IN 7960 12719 2 Geneva Geneva NNP 7960 12719 3 came come VBD 7960 12719 4 in in IN 7960 12719 5 1536 1536 CD 7960 12719 6 A.D. A.D. 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NNP 7960 12757 6 At at IN 7960 12757 7 first first JJ 7960 12757 8 Henry Henry NNP 7960 12757 9 tried try VBD 7960 12757 10 to to TO 7960 12757 11 secure secure VB 7960 12757 12 the the DT 7960 12757 13 pope pope NN 7960 12757 14 's 's POS 7960 12757 15 consent consent NN 7960 12757 16 to to IN 7960 12757 17 the the DT 7960 12757 18 divorce divorce NN 7960 12757 19 . . . 7960 12758 1 The the DT 7960 12758 2 pope pope NN 7960 12758 3 did do VBD 7960 12758 4 not not RB 7960 12758 5 like like VB 7960 12758 6 to to TO 7960 12758 7 set set VB 7960 12758 8 aside aside RP 7960 12758 9 the the DT 7960 12758 10 dispensation dispensation NN 7960 12758 11 granted grant VBN 7960 12758 12 by by IN 7960 12758 13 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 12758 14 predecessor predecessor NN 7960 12758 15 , , , 7960 12758 16 nor nor CC 7960 12758 17 did do VBD 7960 12758 18 he -PRON- PRP 7960 12758 19 wish wish VB 7960 12758 20 to to TO 7960 12758 21 offend offend VB 7960 12758 22 the the DT 7960 12758 23 mighty mighty JJ 7960 12758 24 emperor emperor NN 7960 12758 25 Charles Charles NNP 7960 12758 26 V. V. NNP 7960 12758 27 Failing Failing NNP 7960 12758 28 to to TO 7960 12758 29 get get VB 7960 12758 30 the the DT 7960 12758 31 papal papal JJ 7960 12758 32 sanction sanction NN 7960 12758 33 , , , 7960 12758 34 Henry Henry NNP 7960 12758 35 obtained obtain VBD 7960 12758 36 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 12758 37 divorce divorce NN 7960 12758 38 from from IN 7960 12758 39 an an DT 7960 12758 40 English english JJ 7960 12758 41 court court NN 7960 12758 42 presided preside VBD 7960 12758 43 over over RP 7960 12758 44 by by IN 7960 12758 45 Thomas Thomas NNP 7960 12758 46 Cranmer Cranmer NNP 7960 12758 47 , , , 7960 12758 48 archbishop archbishop NN 7960 12758 49 of of IN 7960 12758 50 Canterbury Canterbury NNP 7960 12758 51 . . . 7960 12759 1 Anne Anne NNP 7960 12759 2 Boleyn Boleyn NNP 7960 12759 3 was be VBD 7960 12759 4 then then RB 7960 12759 5 proclaimed proclaim VBN 7960 12759 6 queen queen NNP 7960 12759 7 , , , 7960 12759 8 in in IN 7960 12759 9 defiance defiance NN 7960 12759 10 of of IN 7960 12759 11 the the DT 7960 12759 12 papal papal JJ 7960 12759 13 bull bull NN 7960 12759 14 of of IN 7960 12759 15 excommunication excommunication NN 7960 12759 16 . . . 7960 12760 1 ACT ACT NNP 7960 12760 2 OF of IN 7960 12760 3 SUPREMACY SUPREMACY NNP 7960 12760 4 , , , 7960 12760 5 1534 1534 CD 7960 12760 6 A.D. 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NNP 7960 12760 7 Henry Henry NNP 7960 12760 8 's 's POS 7960 12760 9 next next JJ 7960 12760 10 step step NN 7960 12760 11 was be VBD 7960 12760 12 to to TO 7960 12760 13 procure procure VB 7960 12760 14 from from IN 7960 12760 15 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 12760 16 subservient subservient NN 7960 12760 17 Parliament Parliament NNP 7960 12760 18 a a DT 7960 12760 19 series series NN 7960 12760 20 of of IN 7960 12760 21 laws law NNS 7960 12760 22 which which WDT 7960 12760 23 abolished abolish VBD 7960 12760 24 the the DT 7960 12760 25 pope pope NN 7960 12760 26 's 's POS 7960 12760 27 authority authority NN 7960 12760 28 in in IN 7960 12760 29 England England NNP 7960 12760 30 . . . 7960 12761 1 Of of IN 7960 12761 2 these these DT 7960 12761 3 , , , 7960 12761 4 the the DT 7960 12761 5 most most RBS 7960 12761 6 important important JJ 7960 12761 7 was be VBD 7960 12761 8 the the DT 7960 12761 9 Act Act NNP 7960 12761 10 of of IN 7960 12761 11 Supremacy Supremacy NNP 7960 12761 12 . . . 7960 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NNP 7960 12788 18 Mary Mary NNP 7960 12788 19 now now RB 7960 12788 20 began begin VBD 7960 12788 21 a a DT 7960 12788 22 severe severe JJ 7960 12788 23 persecution persecution NN 7960 12788 24 of of IN 7960 12788 25 the the DT 7960 12788 26 Protestants Protestants NNPS 7960 12788 27 . . . 7960 12789 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 12789 2 gained gain VBD 7960 12789 3 for for IN 7960 12789 4 her -PRON- PRP 7960 12789 5 the the DT 7960 12789 6 epithet epithet NN 7960 12789 7 of of IN 7960 12789 8 " " `` 7960 12789 9 Bloody bloody JJ 7960 12789 10 , , , 7960 12789 11 " " '' 7960 12789 12 but but CC 7960 12789 13 it -PRON- PRP 7960 12789 14 did do VBD 7960 12789 15 not not RB 7960 12789 16 succeed succeed VB 7960 12789 17 in in IN 7960 12789 18 stamping stamp VBG 7960 12789 19 out out RP 7960 12789 20 heresy heresy NN 7960 12789 21 . . . 7960 12790 1 Many many JJ 7960 12790 2 eminent eminent JJ 7960 12790 3 reformers reformer NNS 7960 12790 4 perished perish VBD 7960 12790 5 , , , 7960 12790 6 among among IN 7960 12790 7 them -PRON- PRP 7960 12790 8 Cranmer Cranmer NNP 7960 12790 9 , , , 7960 12790 10 the the DT 7960 12790 11 former former JJ 7960 12790 12 archbishop archbishop NN 7960 12790 13 . . . 7960 12791 1 Mary Mary NNP 7960 12791 2 died die VBD 7960 12791 3 childless childless NN 7960 12791 4 , , , 7960 12791 5 after after IN 7960 12791 6 ruling rule VBG 7960 12791 7 about about RB 7960 12791 8 five five CD 7960 12791 9 years year NNS 7960 12791 10 , , , 7960 12791 11 and and CC 7960 12791 12 the the DT 7960 12791 13 crown crown NN 7960 12791 14 passed pass VBD 7960 12791 15 to to IN 7960 12791 16 Anne Anne NNP 7960 12791 17 Boleyn Boleyn NNP 7960 12791 18 's 's POS 7960 12791 19 daughter daughter NN 7960 12791 20 , , , 7960 12791 21 Elizabeth Elizabeth NNP 7960 12791 22 . . . 7960 12792 1 Under under IN 7960 12792 2 Elizabeth Elizabeth NNP 7960 12792 3 Anglicanism Anglicanism NNP 7960 12792 4 again again RB 7960 12792 5 replaced replace VBD 7960 12792 6 Roman Roman NNP 7960 12792 7 Catholicism Catholicism NNP 7960 12792 8 as as IN 7960 12792 9 the the DT 7960 12792 10 religion religion NN 7960 12792 11 of of IN 7960 12792 12 England England NNP 7960 12792 13 . . . 7960 12793 1 234 234 CD 7960 12793 2 . . . 7960 12794 1 THE the DT 7960 12794 2 PROTESTANT PROTESTANT NNP 7960 12794 3 SECTS SECTS NNP 7960 12794 4 EXTENT extent NN 7960 12794 5 OF of IN 7960 12794 6 PROTESTANTISM PROTESTANTISM NNP 7960 12794 7 The The NNP 7960 12794 8 Reformation Reformation NNP 7960 12794 9 was be VBD 7960 12794 10 practically practically RB 7960 12794 11 completed complete VBN 7960 12794 12 before before IN 7960 12794 13 the the DT 7960 12794 14 close close NN 7960 12794 15 of of IN 7960 12794 16 the the DT 7960 12794 17 sixteenth sixteenth JJ 7960 12794 18 century century NN 7960 12794 19 . . . 7960 12795 1 In in IN 7960 12795 2 1500 1500 CD 7960 12795 3 A.D. 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sects sect NNS 7960 12823 5 punished punish VBD 7960 12823 6 dissenters dissenter NNS 7960 12823 7 as as RB 7960 12823 8 zealously zealously RB 7960 12823 9 as as IN 7960 12823 10 the the DT 7960 12823 11 Roman Roman NNP 7960 12823 12 Church Church NNP 7960 12823 13 punished punish VBD 7960 12823 14 heretics heretic NNS 7960 12823 15 . . . 7960 12824 1 Lutherans Lutherans NNPS 7960 12824 2 burned burn VBD 7960 12824 3 the the DT 7960 12824 4 followers follower NNS 7960 12824 5 of of IN 7960 12824 6 Zwingli Zwingli NNP 7960 12824 7 in in IN 7960 12824 8 Germany Germany NNP 7960 12824 9 , , , 7960 12824 10 Calvin Calvin NNP 7960 12824 11 put put VBD 7960 12824 12 Servetus Servetus NNP 7960 12824 13 to to IN 7960 12824 14 death death NN 7960 12824 15 , , , 7960 12824 16 and and CC 7960 12824 17 the the DT 7960 12824 18 English english JJ 7960 12824 19 government government NN 7960 12824 20 , , , 7960 12824 21 in in IN 7960 12824 22 the the DT 7960 12824 23 time time NN 7960 12824 24 of of 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-PRON- PRP$ 7960 12827 17 particular particular JJ 7960 12827 18 belief belief NN 7960 12827 19 made make VBN 7960 12827 20 for for IN 7960 12827 21 better well JJR 7960 12827 22 living living NN 7960 12827 23 than than IN 7960 12827 24 any any DT 7960 12827 25 other other JJ 7960 12827 26 . . . 7960 12828 1 The the DT 7960 12828 2 sixteenth sixteenth JJ 7960 12828 3 and and CC 7960 12828 4 seventeenth seventeenth JJ 7960 12828 5 centuries century NNS 7960 12828 6 , , , 7960 12828 7 in in IN 7960 12828 8 consequence consequence NN 7960 12828 9 , , , 7960 12828 10 were be VBD 7960 12828 11 more more RBR 7960 12828 12 earnest earnest JJ 7960 12828 13 and and CC 7960 12828 14 serious serious JJ 7960 12828 15 , , , 7960 12828 16 if if IN 7960 12828 17 also also RB 7960 12828 18 more more RBR 7960 12828 19 bigoted bigoted JJ 7960 12828 20 , , , 7960 12828 21 than than IN 7960 12828 22 the the DT 7960 12828 23 centuries century NNS 7960 12828 24 of of IN 7960 12828 25 the the DT 7960 12828 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12831 1 The the DT 7960 12831 2 popes pope NNS 7960 12831 3 now now RB 7960 12831 4 turned turn VBD 7960 12831 5 from from IN 7960 12831 6 the the DT 7960 12831 7 cultivation cultivation NN 7960 12831 8 of of IN 7960 12831 9 Renaissance Renaissance NNP 7960 12831 10 art art NN 7960 12831 11 and and CC 7960 12831 12 literature literature NN 7960 12831 13 to to IN 7960 12831 14 the the DT 7960 12831 15 defense defense NN 7960 12831 16 of of IN 7960 12831 17 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 12831 18 threatened threaten VBN 7960 12831 19 faith faith NN 7960 12831 20 . . . 7960 12832 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 12832 2 made make VBD 7960 12832 3 needed need VBN 7960 12832 4 changes change NNS 7960 12832 5 in in IN 7960 12832 6 the the DT 7960 12832 7 papal papal JJ 7960 12832 8 court court NN 7960 12832 9 and and CC 7960 12832 10 appointed appoint VBN 7960 12832 11 to to IN 7960 12832 12 ecclesiastical ecclesiastical JJ 7960 12832 13 offices office NNS 7960 12832 14 men man NNS 7960 12832 15 distinguished distinguish VBN 7960 12832 16 for for IN 7960 12832 17 virtue virtue NN 7960 12832 18 and and CC 7960 12832 19 learning learning NN 7960 12832 20 . . . 7960 12833 1 This this DT 7960 12833 2 reform reform NN 7960 12833 3 of of IN 7960 12833 4 the the DT 7960 12833 5 Papacy Papacy NNP 7960 12833 6 dates date VBZ 7960 12833 7 from from IN 7960 12833 8 the the DT 7960 12833 9 time time NN 7960 12833 10 of of IN 7960 12833 11 Paul Paul NNP 7960 12833 12 III III NNP 7960 12833 13 , , , 7960 12833 14 who who WP 7960 12833 15 became become VBD 7960 12833 16 pope pope NNP 7960 12833 17 in in IN 7960 12833 18 1534 1534 CD 7960 12833 19 A.D. A.D. 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A.D. NNP 7960 12837 1 The the DT 7960 12837 2 founder founder NN 7960 12837 3 of of IN 7960 12837 4 the the DT 7960 12837 5 new new JJ 7960 12837 6 society society NN 7960 12837 7 was be VBD 7960 12837 8 a a DT 7960 12837 9 Spanish spanish JJ 7960 12837 10 nobleman nobleman NN 7960 12837 11 , , , 7960 12837 12 Ignatius Ignatius NNP 7960 12837 13 Loyola Loyola NNP 7960 12837 14 . . . 7960 12838 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 12838 2 had have VBD 7960 12838 3 seen see VBN 7960 12838 4 a a DT 7960 12838 5 good good JJ 7960 12838 6 deal deal NN 7960 12838 7 of of IN 7960 12838 8 service service NN 7960 12838 9 in in IN 7960 12838 10 the the DT 7960 12838 11 wars war NNS 7960 12838 12 of of IN 7960 12838 13 Charles Charles NNP 7960 12838 14 V V NNP 7960 12838 15 against against IN 7960 12838 16 the the DT 7960 12838 17 French French NNP 7960 12838 18 . . . 7960 12839 1 While while IN 7960 12839 2 in in IN 7960 12839 3 a a DT 7960 12839 4 hospital hospital NN 7960 12839 5 recovering recover VBG 7960 12839 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, 7960 12844 13 when when WRB 7960 12844 14 this this DT 7960 12844 15 plan plan NN 7960 12844 16 fell fall VBD 7960 12844 17 through through RB 7960 12844 18 , , , 7960 12844 19 they -PRON- PRP 7960 12844 20 visited visit VBD 7960 12844 21 Rome Rome NNP 7960 12844 22 and and CC 7960 12844 23 placed place VBD 7960 12844 24 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 12844 25 energy energy NN 7960 12844 26 and and CC 7960 12844 27 enthusiasm enthusiasm NN 7960 12844 28 at at IN 7960 12844 29 the the DT 7960 12844 30 disposal disposal NN 7960 12844 31 of of IN 7960 12844 32 the the DT 7960 12844 33 pope pope NN 7960 12844 34 . . . 7960 12845 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 12845 2 Illustration illustration NN 7960 12845 3 : : : 7960 12845 4 ST ST NNP 7960 12845 5 . . . 7960 12845 6 IGNATIUS IGNATIUS NNP 7960 12845 7 LOYOLA LOYOLA NNP 7960 12845 8 ] ] -RRB- 7960 12845 9 THE the DT 7960 12845 10 SOCIETY SOCIETY NNP 7960 12845 11 OF of IN 7960 12845 12 JESUS JESUS NNP 7960 12845 13 Loyola Loyola NNP 7960 12845 14 's 's POS 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Loyola Loyola NNP 7960 12848 8 's 's POS 7960 12848 9 death death NN 7960 12848 10 it -PRON- PRP 7960 12848 11 included include VBD 7960 12848 12 over over IN 7960 12848 13 a a DT 7960 12848 14 thousand thousand CD 7960 12848 15 members member NNS 7960 12848 16 ; ; : 7960 12848 17 and and CC 7960 12848 18 in in IN 7960 12848 19 the the DT 7960 12848 20 seventeenth seventeenth JJ 7960 12848 21 century century NN 7960 12848 22 it -PRON- PRP 7960 12848 23 became become VBD 7960 12848 24 the the DT 7960 12848 25 most most RBS 7960 12848 26 influential influential JJ 7960 12848 27 of of IN 7960 12848 28 all all PDT 7960 12848 29 the the DT 7960 12848 30 religious religious JJ 7960 12848 31 orders order NNS 7960 12848 32 . . . 7960 12849 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 12849 2 21 21 LS 7960 12849 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 12849 4 The the DT 7960 12849 5 activity activity NN 7960 12849 6 of of IN 7960 12849 7 the the DT 7960 12849 8 Jesuits Jesuits NNPS 7960 12849 9 as as IN 7960 12849 10 preachers preacher NNS 7960 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of IN 7960 12856 6 the the DT 7960 12856 7 Jesuits Jesuits NNPS 7960 12856 8 were be VBD 7960 12856 9 not not RB 7960 12856 10 less less RBR 7960 12856 11 important important JJ 7960 12856 12 than than IN 7960 12856 13 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 12856 14 schools school NNS 7960 12856 15 . . . 7960 12857 1 The the DT 7960 12857 2 Jesuits Jesuits NNPS 7960 12857 3 worked work VBD 7960 12857 4 in in IN 7960 12857 5 Poland Poland NNP 7960 12857 6 , , , 7960 12857 7 Hungary Hungary NNP 7960 12857 8 , , , 7960 12857 9 Bohemia Bohemia NNP 7960 12857 10 , , , 7960 12857 11 and and CC 7960 12857 12 other other JJ 7960 12857 13 countries country NNS 7960 12857 14 where where WRB 7960 12857 15 Protestantism Protestantism NNP 7960 12857 16 threatened threaten VBD 7960 12857 17 to to TO 7960 12857 18 become become VB 7960 12857 19 dominant dominant JJ 7960 12857 20 . . . 7960 12858 1 Then then RB 7960 12858 2 they -PRON- PRP 7960 12858 3 invaded invade VBD 7960 12858 4 all all PDT 7960 12858 5 the the 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NNP 7960 12861 1 The the DT 7960 12861 2 most most RBS 7960 12861 3 eminent eminent JJ 7960 12861 4 of of IN 7960 12861 5 all all DT 7960 12861 6 Jesuit Jesuit NNP 7960 12861 7 missionaries missionary NNS 7960 12861 8 , , , 7960 12861 9 St. St. NNP 7960 12861 10 Francis Francis NNP 7960 12861 11 Xavier Xavier NNP 7960 12861 12 , , , 7960 12861 13 had have VBD 7960 12861 14 belonged belong VBN 7960 12861 15 to to IN 7960 12861 16 Loyola Loyola NNP 7960 12861 17 's 's POS 7960 12861 18 original original JJ 7960 12861 19 band band NN 7960 12861 20 . . . 7960 12862 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 12862 2 was be VBD 7960 12862 3 a a DT 7960 12862 4 little little JJ 7960 12862 5 , , , 7960 12862 6 blue blue JJ 7960 12862 7 - - HYPH 7960 12862 8 eyed eyed JJ 7960 12862 9 man man NN 7960 12862 10 , , , 7960 12862 11 an an DT 7960 12862 12 engaging engage VBG 7960 12862 13 preacher preacher NN 7960 12862 14 , , , 7960 12862 15 an an DT 7960 12862 16 excellent excellent JJ 7960 12862 17 organizer organizer NN 7960 12862 18 , , , 7960 12862 19 and and CC 7960 12862 20 possessed possess VBD 7960 12862 21 of of IN 7960 12862 22 so so RB 7960 12862 23 attractive attractive JJ 7960 12862 24 a a DT 7960 12862 25 personality personality NN 7960 12862 26 that that IN 7960 12862 27 even even RB 7960 12862 28 the the DT 7960 12862 29 ruffians ruffian NNS 7960 12862 30 and and CC 7960 12862 31 pirates pirate VBZ 7960 12862 32 with with IN 7960 12862 33 whom whom WP 7960 12862 34 he -PRON- PRP 7960 12862 35 had have VBD 7960 12862 36 to to TO 7960 12862 37 associate associate VB 7960 12862 38 on on IN 7960 12862 39 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 12862 40 voyages voyage NNS 7960 12862 41 became become VBD 7960 12862 42 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 12862 43 friends friend NNS 7960 12862 44 . . . 7960 12863 1 Xavier Xavier NNP 7960 12863 2 labored labor VBN 7960 12863 3 with with IN 7960 12863 4 such such JJ 7960 12863 5 devotion devotion NN 7960 12863 6 and and CC 7960 12863 7 success success NN 7960 12863 8 in in IN 7960 12863 9 the the DT 7960 12863 10 Portuguese portuguese JJ 7960 12863 11 colonies colony NNS 7960 12863 12 of of IN 7960 12863 13 the the DT 7960 12863 14 Far Far NNP 7960 12863 15 East East NNP 7960 12863 16 as as IN 7960 12863 17 to to TO 7960 12863 18 gain gain VB 7960 12863 19 the the DT 7960 12863 20 title title NN 7960 12863 21 of of IN 7960 12863 22 " " `` 7960 12863 23 Apostle apostle JJ 7960 12863 24 to to IN 7960 12863 25 the the DT 7960 12863 26 Indies Indies NNPS 7960 12863 27 . . . 7960 12863 28 " " '' 7960 12864 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 12864 2 also also RB 7960 12864 3 introduced introduce VBD 7960 12864 4 Christianity Christianity NNP 7960 12864 5 in in IN 7960 12864 6 Japan Japan NNP 7960 12864 7 , , , 7960 12864 8 where where WRB 7960 12864 9 it -PRON- PRP 7960 12864 10 flourished flourish VBD 7960 12864 11 until until IN 7960 12864 12 a a DT 7960 12864 13 persecuting persecute VBG 7960 12864 14 emperor emperor NN 7960 12864 15 extinguished extinguish VBD 7960 12864 16 it -PRON- PRP 7960 12864 17 with with IN 7960 12864 18 fire fire NN 7960 12864 19 and and CC 7960 12864 20 sword sword NN 7960 12864 21 . . . 7960 12865 1 COUNCIL COUNCIL NNP 7960 12865 2 OF of IN 7960 12865 3 TRENT TRENT NNP 7960 12865 4 , , , 7960 12865 5 1545 1545 CD 7960 12865 6 - - SYM 7960 12865 7 1563 1563 CD 7960 12865 8 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 12865 9 Another another DT 7960 12865 10 agency agency NN 7960 12865 11 in in IN 7960 12865 12 the the DT 7960 12865 13 Counter Counter NNP 7960 12865 14 Reformation Reformation NNP 7960 12865 15 was be VBD 7960 12865 16 the the DT 7960 12865 17 great great JJ 7960 12865 18 Church Church NNP 7960 12865 19 Council Council NNP 7960 12865 20 summoned summon VBN 7960 12865 21 by by IN 7960 12865 22 Pope Pope NNP 7960 12865 23 Paul Paul NNP 7960 12865 24 III III NNP 7960 12865 25 . . . 7960 12866 1 The the DT 7960 12866 2 council council NN 7960 12866 3 met meet VBD 7960 12866 4 at at IN 7960 12866 5 Trent Trent NNP 7960 12866 6 , , , 7960 12866 7 on on IN 7960 12866 8 the the DT 7960 12866 9 borders border NNS 7960 12866 10 of of IN 7960 12866 11 Germany Germany NNP 7960 12866 12 and and CC 7960 12866 13 Italy Italy NNP 7960 12866 14 . . . 7960 12867 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 12867 2 continued continue VBD 7960 12867 3 , , , 7960 12867 4 with with IN 7960 12867 5 intermissions intermission NNS 7960 12867 6 , , , 7960 12867 7 for for IN 7960 12867 8 nearly nearly RB 7960 12867 9 twenty twenty CD 7960 12867 10 years year NNS 7960 12867 11 . . . 7960 12868 1 The the DT 7960 12868 2 Protestants Protestants NNPS 7960 12868 3 , , , 7960 12868 4 though though IN 7960 12868 5 invited invite VBN 7960 12868 6 to to TO 7960 12868 7 participate participate VB 7960 12868 8 , , , 7960 12868 9 did do VBD 7960 12868 10 not not RB 7960 12868 11 attend attend VB 7960 12868 12 , , , 7960 12868 13 and and CC 7960 12868 14 hence hence RB 7960 12868 15 nothing nothing NN 7960 12868 16 could could MD 7960 12868 17 be be VB 7960 12868 18 done do VBN 7960 12868 19 to to TO 7960 12868 20 bring bring VB 7960 12868 21 them -PRON- PRP 7960 12868 22 back back RB 7960 12868 23 within within IN 7960 12868 24 the the DT 7960 12868 25 Roman roman JJ 7960 12868 26 Catholic Catholic NNP 7960 12868 27 fold fold NN 7960 12868 28 . . . 7960 12869 1 This this DT 7960 12869 2 was be VBD 7960 12869 3 the the DT 7960 12869 4 last last JJ 7960 12869 5 general general JJ 7960 12869 6 council council NNP 7960 12869 7 of of IN 7960 12869 8 the the DT 7960 12869 9 Church Church NNP 7960 12869 10 for for IN 7960 12869 11 over over IN 7960 12869 12 three three CD 7960 12869 13 hundred hundred CD 7960 12869 14 years year NNS 7960 12869 15 . . . 7960 12870 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 12870 2 22 22 CD 7960 12870 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 12870 4 WORK work NN 7960 12870 5 OF of IN 7960 12870 6 THE the DT 7960 12870 7 COUNCIL COUNCIL NNP 7960 12870 8 The the DT 7960 12870 9 Council Council NNP 7960 12870 10 of of IN 7960 12870 11 Trent Trent NNP 7960 12870 12 made make VBD 7960 12870 13 no no DT 7960 12870 14 essential essential JJ 7960 12870 15 changes change NNS 7960 12870 16 in in IN 7960 12870 17 the the DT 7960 12870 18 Roman roman JJ 7960 12870 19 Catholic catholic JJ 7960 12870 20 doctrines doctrine NNS 7960 12870 21 , , , 7960 12870 22 which which WDT 7960 12870 23 remained remain VBD 7960 12870 24 as as IN 7960 12870 25 St. St. NNP 7960 12870 26 Thomas Thomas NNP 7960 12870 27 Aquinas Aquinas NNP 7960 12870 28 [ [ -LRB- 7960 12870 29 23 23 CD 7960 12870 30 ] ] -RRB- 7960 12870 31 and and CC 7960 12870 32 other other JJ 7960 12870 33 theologians theologian NNS 7960 12870 34 had have VBD 7960 12870 35 set set VBN 7960 12870 36 them -PRON- PRP 7960 12870 37 forth forth RB 7960 12870 38 in in IN 7960 12870 39 the the DT 7960 12870 40 Middle Middle NNP 7960 12870 41 Ages Ages NNPS 7960 12870 42 . . . 7960 12871 1 In in IN 7960 12871 2 opposition opposition NN 7960 12871 3 to to IN 7960 12871 4 the the DT 7960 12871 5 Protestant protestant JJ 7960 12871 6 view view NN 7960 12871 7 , , , 7960 12871 8 it -PRON- PRP 7960 12871 9 declared declare VBD 7960 12871 10 that that IN 7960 12871 11 the the DT 7960 12871 12 tradition tradition NN 7960 12871 13 of of IN 7960 12871 14 the the DT 7960 12871 15 Church Church NNP 7960 12871 16 possessed possess VBD 7960 12871 17 equal equal JJ 7960 12871 18 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attend attend VB 7960 12873 21 strictly strictly RB 7960 12873 22 to to IN 7960 12873 23 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 12873 24 duties duty NNS 7960 12873 25 . . . 7960 12874 1 Since since IN 7960 12874 2 the the DT 7960 12874 3 Council Council NNP 7960 12874 4 of of IN 7960 12874 5 Trent Trent NNP 7960 12874 6 the the DT 7960 12874 7 Roman Roman NNP 7960 12874 8 Church Church NNP 7960 12874 9 has have VBZ 7960 12874 10 been be VBN 7960 12874 11 distinctly distinctly RB 7960 12874 12 a a DT 7960 12874 13 religious religious JJ 7960 12874 14 organization organization NN 7960 12874 15 , , , 7960 12874 16 instead instead RB 7960 12874 17 of of IN 7960 12874 18 both both CC 7960 12874 19 a a DT 7960 12874 20 secular secular JJ 7960 12874 21 and and CC 7960 12874 22 religious religious JJ 7960 12874 23 body body NN 7960 12874 24 , , , 7960 12874 25 as as IN 7960 12874 26 was be VBD 7960 12874 27 the the DT 7960 12874 28 Church Church NNP 7960 12874 29 in in IN 7960 12874 30 the the DT 7960 12874 31 Middle Middle NNP 7960 12874 32 Ages Ages NNPS 7960 12874 33 . . . 7960 12875 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 12875 2 24 24 CD 7960 12875 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 12875 4 THE the DT 7960 12875 5 INDEX index NN 7960 12875 6 The the DT 7960 12875 7 council council NN 7960 12875 8 , , , 7960 12875 9 before before IN 7960 12875 10 adjourning adjourning NN 7960 12875 11 , , , 7960 12875 12 authorized authorize VBD 7960 12875 13 the the DT 7960 12875 14 pope pope NN 7960 12875 15 to to TO 7960 12875 16 draw draw VB 7960 12875 17 up up RP 7960 12875 18 a a DT 7960 12875 19 list list NN 7960 12875 20 , , , 7960 12875 21 or or CC 7960 12875 22 Index Index NNP 7960 12875 23 , , , 7960 12875 24 of of IN 7960 12875 25 works work NNS 7960 12875 26 which which WDT 7960 12875 27 Roman Roman NNP 7960 12875 28 Catholics Catholics NNPS 7960 12875 29 might may MD 7960 12875 30 not not RB 7960 12875 31 read read VB 7960 12875 32 . . . 7960 12876 1 This this DT 7960 12876 2 action action NN 7960 12876 3 did do VBD 7960 12876 4 not not RB 7960 12876 5 form form VB 7960 12876 6 an an DT 7960 12876 7 innovation innovation NN 7960 12876 8 . . . 7960 12877 1 The the DT 7960 12877 2 Church Church NNP 7960 12877 3 from from IN 7960 12877 4 an an DT 7960 12877 5 early early JJ 7960 12877 6 day day NN 7960 12877 7 had have VBD 7960 12877 8 condemned condemn VBN 7960 12877 9 and and CC 7960 12877 10 destroyed destroy VBD 7960 12877 11 heretical heretical JJ 7960 12877 12 writings writing NNS 7960 12877 13 . . . 7960 12878 1 However however RB 7960 12878 2 , , , 7960 12878 3 the the DT 7960 12878 4 invention invention NN 7960 12878 5 of of IN 7960 12878 6 printing printing NN 7960 12878 7 , , , 7960 12878 8 by by IN 7960 12878 9 giving give VBG 7960 12878 10 greater great JJR 7960 12878 11 currency currency NN 7960 12878 12 to to IN 7960 12878 13 new new JJ 7960 12878 14 and and CC 7960 12878 15 dangerous dangerous JJ 7960 12878 16 ideas idea NNS 7960 12878 17 , , , 7960 12878 18 increased increase VBD 7960 12878 19 the the DT 7960 12878 20 necessity necessity NN 7960 12878 21 for for IN 7960 12878 22 the the DT 7960 12878 23 regulation regulation NN 7960 12878 24 of of IN 7960 12878 25 thought thought NN 7960 12878 26 . . . 7960 12879 1 The the DT 7960 12879 2 " " `` 7960 12879 3 Index Index NNP 7960 12879 4 of of IN 7960 12879 5 Prohibited Prohibited NNP 7960 12879 6 Books Books NNP 7960 12879 7 " " '' 7960 12879 8 still still RB 7960 12879 9 exists exist VBZ 7960 12879 10 , , , 7960 12879 11 and and CC 7960 12879 12 additions addition NNS 7960 12879 13 to to IN 7960 12879 14 the the DT 7960 12879 15 list list NN 7960 12879 16 are be VBP 7960 12879 17 made make VBN 7960 12879 18 from from IN 7960 12879 19 time time NN 7960 12879 20 to to IN 7960 12879 21 time time NN 7960 12879 22 . . . 7960 12880 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 12880 2 was be VBD 7960 12880 3 matched match VBN 7960 12880 4 by by IN 7960 12880 5 the the DT 7960 12880 6 strict strict JJ 7960 12880 7 censorship censorship NN 7960 12880 8 of of IN 7960 12880 9 printing print VBG 7960 12880 10 long long RB 7960 12880 11 maintained maintain VBN 7960 12880 12 in in IN 7960 12880 13 Protestant protestant JJ 7960 12880 14 countries country NNS 7960 12880 15 . . . 7960 12881 1 THE the DT 7960 12881 2 INQUISITION INQUISITION NNP 7960 12881 3 Still still RB 7960 12881 4 another another DT 7960 12881 5 agency agency NN 7960 12881 6 of of IN 7960 12881 7 the the DT 7960 12881 8 Counter Counter NNP 7960 12881 9 Reformation Reformation NNP 7960 12881 10 consisted consist VBD 7960 12881 11 of of IN 7960 12881 12 the the DT 7960 12881 13 Inquisition Inquisition NNP 7960 12881 14 . . . 7960 12882 1 This this DT 7960 12882 2 was be VBD 7960 12882 3 a a DT 7960 12882 4 system system NN 7960 12882 5 of of IN 7960 12882 6 church church NN 7960 12882 7 courts court NNS 7960 12882 8 for for IN 7960 12882 9 the the DT 7960 12882 10 discovery discovery NN 7960 12882 11 and and CC 7960 12882 12 punishment punishment NN 7960 12882 13 of of IN 7960 12882 14 heretics heretic NNS 7960 12882 15 . . . 7960 12883 1 Such such JJ 7960 12883 2 courts court NNS 7960 12883 3 had have VBD 7960 12883 4 been be VBN 7960 12883 5 set set VBN 7960 12883 6 up up RP 7960 12883 7 in in IN 7960 12883 8 the the DT 7960 12883 9 Middle Middle NNP 7960 12883 10 Ages Ages NNP 7960 12883 11 , , , 7960 12883 12 for for IN 7960 12883 13 instance instance NN 7960 12883 14 , , , 7960 12883 15 to to TO 7960 12883 16 suppress suppress VB 7960 12883 17 the the DT 7960 12883 18 Albigensian albigensian JJ 7960 12883 19 heresy heresy NN 7960 12883 20 . . . 7960 12884 1 After after IN 7960 12884 2 the the DT 7960 12884 3 Council Council NNP 7960 12884 4 of of IN 7960 12884 5 Trent Trent NNP 7960 12884 6 they -PRON- PRP 7960 12884 7 redoubled redouble VBD 7960 12884 8 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 12884 9 activity activity NN 7960 12884 10 , , , 7960 12884 11 especially especially RB 7960 12884 12 in in IN 7960 12884 13 Italy Italy NNP 7960 12884 14 , , , 7960 12884 15 the 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12886 14 aroused arouse VBD 7960 12886 15 exasperation exasperation NN 7960 12886 16 and and CC 7960 12886 17 hatred hatred NN 7960 12886 18 and and CC 7960 12886 19 helped help VBD 7960 12886 20 to to TO 7960 12886 21 provoke provoke VB 7960 12886 22 a a DT 7960 12886 23 successful successful JJ 7960 12886 24 revolt revolt NN 7960 12886 25 of of IN 7960 12886 26 the the DT 7960 12886 27 Dutch dutch JJ 7960 12886 28 people people NNS 7960 12886 29 . . . 7960 12887 1 The the DT 7960 12887 2 Spaniards Spaniards NNPS 7960 12887 3 , , , 7960 12887 4 on on IN 7960 12887 5 the the DT 7960 12887 6 other other JJ 7960 12887 7 hand hand NN 7960 12887 8 , , , 7960 12887 9 approved approve VBN 7960 12887 10 of of IN 7960 12887 11 the the DT 7960 12887 12 methods method NNS 7960 12887 13 of of IN 7960 12887 14 the the DT 7960 12887 15 Inquisition Inquisition NNP 7960 12887 16 and and CC 7960 12887 17 welcomed welcome VBD 7960 12887 18 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 12887 19 extermination extermination NN 7960 12887 20 of of IN 7960 12887 21 Moors Moors NNPS 7960 12887 22 and and CC 7960 12887 23 Jews Jews NNPS 7960 12887 24 , , , 7960 12887 25 as as RB 7960 12887 26 well well RB 7960 12887 27 as as IN 7960 12887 28 Protestant protestant JJ 7960 12887 29 heretics heretic NNS 7960 12887 30 . . . 7960 12888 1 The the DT 7960 12888 2 Spanish Spanish NNP 7960 12888 3 Inquisition Inquisition NNP 7960 12888 4 was be VBD 7960 12888 5 not not RB 7960 12888 6 abolished abolish VBN 7960 12888 7 till till IN 7960 12888 8 the the DT 7960 12888 9 nineteenth nineteenth JJ 7960 12888 10 century century NN 7960 12888 11 . . . 7960 12889 1 236 236 CD 7960 12889 2 . . . 7960 12890 1 SPAIN spain JJ 7960 12890 2 UNDER under IN 7960 12890 3 PHILIP PHILIP NNP 7960 12890 4 II ii CD 7960 12890 5 , , , 7960 12890 6 1556 1556 CD 7960 12890 7 - - SYM 7960 12890 8 1598 1598 CD 7960 12890 9 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 12891 1 ABDICATION abdication NN 7960 12891 2 OF of IN 7960 12891 3 CHARLES CHARLES NNP 7960 12891 4 V V NNP 7960 12891 5 , , , 7960 12891 6 1555 1555 CD 7960 12891 7 - - SYM 7960 12891 8 1556 1556 CD 7960 12891 9 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 12892 1 In in IN 7960 12892 2 1555 1555 CD 7960 12892 3 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 12892 4 , , , 7960 12892 5 the the DT 7960 12892 6 year year NN 7960 12892 7 of of IN 7960 12892 8 the the DT 7960 12892 9 Peace Peace NNP 7960 12892 10 of of IN 7960 12892 11 Augsburg Augsburg NNP 7960 12892 12 , , , 7960 12892 13 [ [ -LRB- 7960 12892 14 25 25 CD 7960 12892 15 ] ] -RRB- 7960 12892 16 Charles Charles NNP 7960 12892 17 V V NNP 7960 12892 18 determined determine VBD 7960 12892 19 to to TO 7960 12892 20 abdicate abdicate VB 7960 12892 21 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 12892 22 many many JJ 7960 12892 23 crowns crown NNS 7960 12892 24 and and CC 7960 12892 25 seek seek VB 7960 12892 26 the the DT 7960 12892 27 repose repose NN 7960 12892 28 of of IN 7960 12892 29 a a DT 7960 12892 30 monastery monastery NN 7960 12892 31 . . . 7960 12893 1 The the DT 7960 12893 2 plan plan NN 7960 12893 3 was be VBD 7960 12893 4 duly duly RB 7960 12893 5 carried carry VBN 7960 12893 6 into into IN 7960 12893 7 effect effect NN 7960 12893 8 . . . 7960 12894 1 His -PRON- PRP$ 7960 12894 2 brother brother NN 7960 12894 3 Ferdinand Ferdinand NNP 7960 12894 4 I -PRON- PRP 7960 12894 5 succeeded succeed VBD 7960 12894 6 to to IN 7960 12894 7 the the DT 7960 12894 8 title title NN 7960 12894 9 of of IN 7960 12894 10 Holy Holy NNP 7960 12894 11 Roman Roman NNP 7960 12894 12 Emperor Emperor NNP 7960 12894 13 and and CC 7960 12894 14 the the DT 7960 12894 15 Austrian austrian JJ 7960 12894 16 territories territory NNS 7960 12894 17 , , , 7960 12894 18 while while IN 7960 12894 19 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 12894 20 son son NN 7960 12894 21 , , , 7960 12894 22 Philip Philip NNP 7960 12894 23 II II NNP 7960 12894 24 , , , 7960 12894 25 [ [ -LRB- 7960 12894 26 26 26 CD 7960 12894 27 ] ] -RRB- 7960 12894 28 received receive VBD 7960 12894 29 the the DT 7960 12894 30 Spanish spanish JJ 7960 12894 31 possessions possession NNS 7960 12894 32 in in IN 7960 12894 33 Italy Italy NNP 7960 12894 34 , , , 7960 12894 35 the the DT 7960 12894 36 Netherlands Netherlands NNP 7960 12894 37 , , , 7960 12894 38 and and CC 7960 12894 39 America America NNP 7960 12894 40 . . . 7960 12895 1 There there EX 7960 12895 2 were be VBD 7960 12895 3 now now RB 7960 12895 4 two two CD 7960 12895 5 branches branch NNS 7960 12895 6 of of IN 7960 12895 7 the the DT 7960 12895 8 Hapsburg Hapsburg NNP 7960 12895 9 family family NN 7960 12895 10 -- -- : 7960 12895 11 one one CD 7960 12895 12 in in IN 7960 12895 13 Austria Austria NNP 7960 12895 14 and and CC 7960 12895 15 one one CD 7960 12895 16 in in IN 7960 12895 17 Spain Spain NNP 7960 12895 18 . . . 7960 12896 1 PHILIP PHILIP NNP 7960 12896 2 II II NNP 7960 12896 3 The the DT 7960 12896 4 new new JJ 7960 12896 5 king king NN 7960 12896 6 of of IN 7960 12896 7 Spain Spain NNP 7960 12896 8 was be VBD 7960 12896 9 a a DT 7960 12896 10 man man NN 7960 12896 11 of of IN 7960 12896 12 unflagging unflagge VBG 7960 12896 13 energy energy NN 7960 12896 14 , , , 7960 12896 15 strong strong JJ 7960 12896 16 will will NN 7960 12896 17 , , , 7960 12896 18 and and CC 7960 12896 19 deep deep JJ 7960 12896 20 attachment attachment NN 7960 12896 21 to to IN 7960 12896 22 the the DT 7960 12896 23 Roman Roman NNP 7960 12896 24 Church Church NNP 7960 12896 25 . . . 7960 12897 1 As as IN 7960 12897 2 a a DT 7960 12897 3 ruler ruler NN 7960 12897 4 he -PRON- PRP 7960 12897 5 had have VBD 7960 12897 6 two two CD 7960 12897 7 great great JJ 7960 12897 8 ideals ideal NNS 7960 12897 9 : : : 7960 12897 10 to to TO 7960 12897 11 make make VB 7960 12897 12 Spain Spain NNP 7960 12897 13 the the DT 7960 12897 14 foremost foremost JJ 7960 12897 15 state state NN 7960 12897 16 in in IN 7960 12897 17 the the DT 7960 12897 18 world world NN 7960 12897 19 and and CC 7960 12897 20 to to TO 7960 12897 21 secure secure VB 7960 12897 22 the the DT 7960 12897 23 triumph triumph NN 7960 12897 24 of of IN 7960 12897 25 the the DT 7960 12897 26 Roman roman JJ 7960 12897 27 Catholic catholic JJ 7960 12897 28 faith faith NN 7960 12897 29 over over IN 7960 12897 30 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A.D. 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12920 2 'S 's POS 7960 12920 3 FAILURES failure NNS 7960 12920 4 But but CC 7960 12920 5 the the DT 7960 12920 6 successes success NNS 7960 12920 7 of of IN 7960 12920 8 Philip Philip NNP 7960 12920 9 were be VBD 7960 12920 10 more more JJR 7960 12920 11 than than IN 7960 12920 12 offset offset VBN 7960 12920 13 by by IN 7960 12920 14 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 12920 15 failures failure NNS 7960 12920 16 . . . 7960 12921 1 Though though IN 7960 12921 2 he -PRON- PRP 7960 12921 3 had have VBD 7960 12921 4 vast vast JJ 7960 12921 5 possessions possession NNS 7960 12921 6 , , , 7960 12921 7 enormous enormous JJ 7960 12921 8 revenues revenue NNS 7960 12921 9 , , , 7960 12921 10 mighty mighty JJ 7960 12921 11 fleets fleet NNS 7960 12921 12 , , , 7960 12921 13 and and CC 7960 12921 14 armies army NNS 7960 12921 15 reputed repute VBD 7960 12921 16 the the DT 7960 12921 17 best good JJS 7960 12921 18 of of IN 7960 12921 19 the the DT 7960 12921 20 age age NN 7960 12921 21 , , , 7960 12921 22 he 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inheritance NN 7960 12927 16 , , , 7960 12927 17 and and CC 7960 12927 18 he -PRON- PRP 7960 12927 19 , , , 7960 12927 20 in in IN 7960 12927 21 turn turn NN 7960 12927 22 , , , 7960 12927 23 transmitted transmit VBD 7960 12927 24 them -PRON- PRP 7960 12927 25 to to IN 7960 12927 26 Philip Philip NNP 7960 12927 27 II II NNP 7960 12927 28 . . . 7960 12928 1 CONDITION condition NN 7960 12928 2 OF of IN 7960 12928 3 THE the DT 7960 12928 4 NETHERLANDS netherland NNS 7960 12928 5 The the DT 7960 12928 6 inhabitants inhabitant NNS 7960 12928 7 of of IN 7960 12928 8 the the DT 7960 12928 9 Netherlands Netherlands NNP 7960 12928 10 were be VBD 7960 12928 11 not not RB 7960 12928 12 racially racially RB 7960 12928 13 united unite VBN 7960 12928 14 . . . 7960 12929 1 In in IN 7960 12929 2 the the DT 7960 12929 3 southernmost southernmost JJS 7960 12929 4 provinces province NNS 7960 12929 5 Celtic celtic JJ 7960 12929 6 blood blood NN 7960 12929 7 and and CC 7960 12929 8 Romance romance NN 7960 12929 9 speech speech NN 7960 12929 10 prevailed prevail VBD 7960 12929 11 , , , 7960 12929 12 while while IN 7960 12929 13 farther farth JJR 7960 12929 14 north north NNP 7960 12929 15 dwelt dwell VBN 7960 12929 16 peoples people NNS 7960 12929 17 of of IN 7960 12929 18 Teutonic Teutonic NNP 7960 12929 19 extraction extraction NN 7960 12929 20 , , , 7960 12929 21 who who WP 7960 12929 22 spoke speak VBD 7960 12929 23 Flemish flemish JJ 7960 12929 24 and and CC 7960 12929 25 Dutch dutch JJ 7960 12929 26 . . . 7960 12930 1 Each each DT 7960 12930 2 province province NN 7960 12930 3 likewise likewise RB 7960 12930 4 kept keep VBD 7960 12930 5 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 12930 6 own own JJ 7960 12930 7 government government NN 7960 12930 8 and and CC 7960 12930 9 customs custom NNS 7960 12930 10 . . . 7960 12931 1 The the DT 7960 12931 2 prosperity prosperity NN 7960 12931 3 which which WDT 7960 12931 4 had have VBD 7960 12931 5 marked mark VBN 7960 12931 6 the the DT 7960 12931 7 Flemish flemish JJ 7960 12931 8 cities city NNS 7960 12931 9 during during IN 7960 12931 10 the the DT 7960 12931 11 Middle Middle NNP 7960 12931 12 Ages Ages NNP 7960 12931 13 [ [ -LRB- 7960 12931 14 27 27 CD 7960 12931 15 ] ] -RRB- 7960 12931 16 extended extend VBN 7960 12931 17 in in IN 7960 12931 18 the the DT 7960 12931 19 sixteenth sixteenth JJ 7960 12931 20 century century NN 7960 12931 21 to to IN 7960 12931 22 the the DT 7960 12931 23 Dutch dutch JJ 7960 12931 24 cities city NNS 7960 12931 25 also also RB 7960 12931 26 . . . 7960 12932 1 Rotterdam Rotterdam NNP 7960 12932 2 , , , 7960 12932 3 Leyden Leyden NNP 7960 12932 4 , , , 7960 12932 5 Utrecht Utrecht NNP 7960 12932 6 , , , 7960 12932 7 and and CC 7960 12932 8 Amsterdam Amsterdam NNP 7960 12932 9 profited profit VBN 7960 12932 10 by by IN 7960 12932 11 the the DT 7960 12932 12 geographical geographical JJ 7960 12932 13 discoveries discovery NNS 7960 12932 14 and and CC 7960 12932 15 became become VBD 7960 12932 16 centers center NNS 7960 12932 17 of of IN 7960 12932 18 extensive extensive JJ 7960 12932 19 commerce commerce NN 7960 12932 20 with with IN 7960 12932 21 Asia Asia NNP 7960 12932 22 and and CC 7960 12932 23 America America NNP 7960 12932 24 . . . 7960 12933 1 The the DT 7960 12933 2 rise rise NN 7960 12933 3 of of IN 7960 12933 4 the the DT 7960 12933 5 Dutch dutch JJ 7960 12933 6 power power NN 7960 12933 7 , , , 7960 12933 8 in in IN 7960 12933 9 a a DT 7960 12933 10 country country NN 7960 12933 11 so so RB 7960 12933 12 exposed expose VBN 7960 12933 13 to to IN 7960 12933 14 destructive destructive JJ 7960 12933 15 inundations inundation NNS 7960 12933 16 of of IN 7960 12933 17 both both CC 7960 12933 18 sea sea NN 7960 12933 19 and and CC 7960 12933 20 rivers river NNS 7960 12933 21 , , , 7960 12933 22 is be VBZ 7960 12933 23 a a DT 7960 12933 24 striking striking JJ 7960 12933 25 instance instance NN 7960 12933 26 of of IN 7960 12933 27 what what WP 7960 12933 28 can can MD 7960 12933 29 be be VB 7960 12933 30 accomplished accomplish VBN 7960 12933 31 by by IN 7960 12933 32 a a DT 7960 12933 33 frugal frugal JJ 7960 12933 34 , , , 7960 12933 35 industrious industrious JJ 7960 12933 36 population population NN 7960 12933 37 . . . 7960 12934 1 PROTESTANTISM PROTESTANTISM NNP 7960 12934 2 IN in IN 7960 12934 3 THE the DT 7960 12934 4 NETHERLANDS netherland NNS 7960 12934 5 The the DT 7960 12934 6 Netherlands Netherlands NNP 7960 12934 7 were be VBD 7960 12934 8 too too RB 7960 12934 9 near near IN 7960 12934 10 Germany Germany NNP 7960 12934 11 not not RB 7960 12934 12 to to TO 7960 12934 13 be be VB 7960 12934 14 affected affect VBN 7960 12934 15 by by IN 7960 12934 16 the the DT 7960 12934 17 Reformation Reformation NNP 7960 12934 18 . . . 7960 12935 1 Lutheranism Lutheranism NNP 7960 12935 2 soon soon RB 7960 12935 3 appeared appear VBD 7960 12935 4 there there RB 7960 12935 5 , , , 7960 12935 6 only only RB 7960 12935 7 to to TO 7960 12935 8 encounter encounter VB 7960 12935 9 the the DT 7960 12935 10 hostility hostility NN 7960 12935 11 of of IN 7960 12935 12 Charles Charles NNP 7960 12935 13 V V NNP 7960 12935 14 , , , 7960 12935 15 who who WP 7960 12935 16 introduced introduce VBD 7960 12935 17 the the DT 7960 12935 18 terrors terror NNS 7960 12935 19 of of IN 7960 12935 20 the the DT 7960 12935 21 Inquisition Inquisition NNP 7960 12935 22 . . . 7960 12936 1 Many many JJ 7960 12936 2 heretics heretic NNS 7960 12936 3 were be VBD 7960 12936 4 burned burn VBN 7960 12936 5 at at IN 7960 12936 6 the the DT 7960 12936 7 stake stake NN 7960 12936 8 , , , 7960 12936 9 or or CC 7960 12936 10 beheaded behead VBD 7960 12936 11 , , , 7960 12936 12 or or CC 7960 12936 13 buried bury VBN 7960 12936 14 alive alive JJ 7960 12936 15 . . . 7960 12937 1 But but CC 7960 12937 2 there there EX 7960 12937 3 is be VBZ 7960 12937 4 no no DT 7960 12937 5 seed seed NN 7960 12937 6 like like IN 7960 12937 7 martyr martyr NN 7960 12937 8 's 's POS 7960 12937 9 blood blood NN 7960 12937 10 . . . 7960 12938 1 The the DT 7960 12938 2 number number NN 7960 12938 3 of of IN 7960 12938 4 Protestants Protestants NNPS 7960 12938 5 swelled swell VBD 7960 12938 6 , , , 7960 12938 7 rather rather RB 7960 12938 8 than than IN 7960 12938 9 lessened lessen VBN 7960 12938 10 , , , 7960 12938 11 especially especially RB 7960 12938 12 after after IN 7960 12938 13 Calvinism Calvinism NNP 7960 12938 14 entered enter VBD 7960 12938 15 the the DT 7960 12938 16 Netherlands Netherlands NNP 7960 12938 17 . . . 7960 12939 1 As as IN 7960 12939 2 a a DT 7960 12939 3 Jesuit Jesuit NNP 7960 12939 4 historian historian NN 7960 12939 5 remarked remark VBD 7960 12939 6 , , , 7960 12939 7 " " `` 7960 12939 8 Nor nor CC 7960 12939 9 did do VBD 7960 12939 10 the the DT 7960 12939 11 Rhine Rhine NNP 7960 12939 12 from from IN 7960 12939 13 Germany Germany NNP 7960 12939 14 or or CC 7960 12939 15 the the DT 7960 12939 16 Meuse Meuse NNP 7960 12939 17 from from IN 7960 12939 18 France France NNP 7960 12939 19 send send VBP 7960 12939 20 more more JJR 7960 12939 21 water water NN 7960 12939 22 into into IN 7960 12939 23 the the DT 7960 12939 24 Low Low NNP 7960 12939 25 Countries Countries NNPS 7960 12939 26 than than IN 7960 12939 27 by by IN 7960 12939 28 the the DT 7960 12939 29 one one NN 7960 12939 30 the the DT 7960 12939 31 contagion contagion NN 7960 12939 32 of of IN 7960 12939 33 Luther Luther NNP 7960 12939 34 , , , 7960 12939 35 and and CC 7960 12939 36 by by IN 7960 12939 37 the the DT 7960 12939 38 other other JJ 7960 12939 39 that that DT 7960 12939 40 of of IN 7960 12939 41 Calvin Calvin NNP 7960 12939 42 , , , 7960 12939 43 were be VBD 7960 12939 44 imported import VBN 7960 12939 45 into into IN 7960 12939 46 these these DT 7960 12939 47 provinces province NNS 7960 12939 48 . . . 7960 12939 49 " " '' 7960 12940 1 POLICY policy NN 7960 12940 2 OF of IN 7960 12940 3 PHILIP PHILIP NNP 7960 12940 4 II II NNP 7960 12940 5 In in IN 7960 12940 6 spite spite NN 7960 12940 7 of of IN 7960 12940 8 the the DT 7960 12940 9 cruel cruel JJ 7960 12940 10 treatment treatment NN 7960 12940 11 of of IN 7960 12940 12 heretics heretic NNS 7960 12940 13 by by IN 7960 12940 14 Charles Charles NNP 7960 12940 15 V V NNP 7960 12940 16 , , , 7960 12940 17 both both CC 7960 12940 18 Flemish flemish JJ 7960 12940 19 and and CC 7960 12940 20 Dutch Dutch NNPS 7960 12940 21 remained remain VBD 7960 12940 22 loyal loyal JJ 7960 12940 23 to to IN 7960 12940 24 the the DT 7960 12940 25 emperor emperor NN 7960 12940 26 , , , 7960 12940 27 because because IN 7960 12940 28 he -PRON- PRP 7960 12940 29 had have VBD 7960 12940 30 been be VBN 7960 12940 31 born bear VBN 7960 12940 32 and and CC 7960 12940 33 reared rear VBN 7960 12940 34 among among IN 7960 12940 35 them -PRON- PRP 7960 12940 36 and and CC 7960 12940 37 always always RB 7960 12940 38 considered consider VBD 7960 12940 39 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 12940 40 country country NN 7960 12940 41 as as IN 7960 12940 42 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 12940 43 own own JJ 7960 12940 44 . . . 7960 12941 1 But but CC 7960 12941 2 Philip Philip NNP 7960 12941 3 II II NNP 7960 12941 4 , , , 7960 12941 5 a a DT 7960 12941 6 Spaniard Spaniard NNP 7960 12941 7 by by IN 7960 12941 8 birth birth NN 7960 12941 9 and and CC 7960 12941 10 sympathies sympathy NNS 7960 12941 11 , , , 7960 12941 12 seemed seem VBD 7960 12941 13 to to IN 7960 12941 14 them -PRON- PRP 7960 12941 15 only only RB 7960 12941 16 a a DT 7960 12941 17 foreign foreign JJ 7960 12941 18 master master NN 7960 12941 19 . . . 7960 12942 1 The the DT 7960 12942 2 new new JJ 7960 12942 3 ruler ruler NN 7960 12942 4 did do VBD 7960 12942 5 nothing nothing NN 7960 12942 6 to to TO 7960 12942 7 conciliate conciliate VB 7960 12942 8 the the DT 7960 12942 9 people people NNS 7960 12942 10 . . . 7960 12943 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 12943 2 never never RB 7960 12943 3 visited visit VBD 7960 12943 4 the the DT 7960 12943 5 Netherlands Netherlands NNP 7960 12943 6 after after IN 7960 12943 7 1559 1559 CD 7960 12943 8 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 12943 9 , , , 7960 12943 10 but but CC 7960 12943 11 governed govern VBD 7960 12943 12 them -PRON- PRP 7960 12943 13 despotically despotically RB 7960 12943 14 through through IN 7960 12943 15 Spanish spanish JJ 7960 12943 16 officials official NNS 7960 12943 17 supported support VBN 7960 12943 18 by by IN 7960 12943 19 Spanish spanish JJ 7960 12943 20 garrisons garrison NNS 7960 12943 21 . . . 7960 12944 1 Arbitrary arbitrary JJ 7960 12944 2 taxes taxis NNS 7960 12944 3 were be VBD 7960 12944 4 levied levy VBN 7960 12944 5 , , , 7960 12944 6 cities city NNS 7960 12944 7 and and CC 7960 12944 8 nobles noble NNS 7960 12944 9 were be VBD 7960 12944 10 deprived deprive VBN 7960 12944 11 of of IN 7960 12944 12 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 12944 13 cherished cherish VBN 7960 12944 14 privileges privilege NNS 7960 12944 15 , , , 7960 12944 16 and and CC 7960 12944 17 the the DT 7960 12944 18 activity activity NN 7960 12944 19 of of IN 7960 12944 20 the the DT 7960 12944 21 Inquisition Inquisition NNP 7960 12944 22 was be VBD 7960 12944 23 redoubled redouble VBN 7960 12944 24 . . . 7960 12945 1 Philip Philip NNP 7960 12945 2 intended intend VBD 7960 12945 3 to to TO 7960 12945 4 exercise exercise VB 7960 12945 5 in in IN 7960 12945 6 the the DT 7960 12945 7 Netherlands Netherlands NNP 7960 12945 8 the the DT 7960 12945 9 same same JJ 7960 12945 10 absolute absolute JJ 7960 12945 11 power power NN 7960 12945 12 which which WDT 7960 12945 13 he -PRON- PRP 7960 12945 14 enjoyed enjoy VBD 7960 12945 15 in in IN 7960 12945 16 Spain Spain NNP 7960 12945 17 . . . 7960 12946 1 ALVA ALVA NNP 7960 12946 2 SENT send VBD 7960 12946 3 TO to IN 7960 12946 4 THE the DT 7960 12946 5 NETHERLANDS NETHERLANDS NNP 7960 12946 6 , , , 7960 12946 7 1567 1567 CD 7960 12946 8 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 12947 1 The the DT 7960 12947 2 religious religious JJ 7960 12947 3 persecution persecution NN 7960 12947 4 which which WDT 7960 12947 5 by by IN 7960 12947 6 Philip Philip NNP 7960 12947 7 's 's POS 7960 12947 8 orders order NNS 7960 12947 9 raged rage VBD 7960 12947 10 through through IN 7960 12947 11 the the DT 7960 12947 12 Netherlands Netherlands NNP 7960 12947 13 everywhere everywhere RB 7960 12947 14 aroused arouse VBD 7960 12947 15 intense intense JJ 7960 12947 16 indignation indignation NN 7960 12947 17 . . . 7960 12948 1 The the DT 7960 12948 2 result result NN 7960 12948 3 was be VBD 7960 12948 4 rioting rioting NN 7960 12948 5 by by IN 7960 12948 6 mobs mob NNS 7960 12948 7 of of IN 7960 12948 8 Protestants Protestants NNPS 7960 12948 9 , , , 7960 12948 10 who who WP 7960 12948 11 wrecked wreck VBD 7960 12948 12 churches church NNS 7960 12948 13 and and CC 7960 12948 14 monasteries monastery NNS 7960 12948 15 and and CC 7960 12948 16 carried carry VBD 7960 12948 17 off off RP 7960 12948 18 the the DT 7960 12948 19 treasure treasure NN 7960 12948 20 they -PRON- PRP 7960 12948 21 found find VBD 7960 12948 22 in in IN 7960 12948 23 them -PRON- PRP 7960 12948 24 . . . 7960 12949 1 Philip Philip NNP 7960 12949 2 replied reply VBD 7960 12949 3 to to IN 7960 12949 4 these these DT 7960 12949 5 acts act NNS 7960 12949 6 by by IN 7960 12949 7 sending send VBG 7960 12949 8 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 12949 9 best good JJS 7960 12949 10 army army NN 7960 12949 11 , , , 7960 12949 12 under under IN 7960 12949 13 the the DT 7960 12949 14 duke duke NN 7960 12949 15 of of IN 7960 12949 16 Alva Alva NNP 7960 12949 17 , , , 7960 12949 18 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 12949 19 best good JJS 7960 12949 20 general general NN 7960 12949 21 , , , 7960 12949 22 to to TO 7960 12949 23 reduce reduce VB 7960 12949 24 the the DT 7960 12949 25 turbulent turbulent JJ 7960 12949 26 provinces province NNS 7960 12949 27 into into IN 7960 12949 28 submission submission NN 7960 12949 29 . . . 7960 12950 1 OUTBREAK OUTBREAK NNP 7960 12950 2 OF of IN 7960 12950 3 THE the DT 7960 12950 4 REVOLT REVOLT NNP 7960 12950 5 Alva Alva NNP 7960 12950 6 carried carry VBD 7960 12950 7 out out RP 7960 12950 8 with with IN 7960 12950 9 thoroughness thoroughness NN 7960 12950 10 the the DT 7960 12950 11 policy policy NN 7960 12950 12 of of IN 7960 12950 13 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 12950 14 royal royal JJ 7960 12950 15 master master NN 7960 12950 16 . . . 7960 12951 1 A a DT 7960 12951 2 tribunal tribunal NN 7960 12951 3 , , , 7960 12951 4 popularly popularly RB 7960 12951 5 known know VBN 7960 12951 6 as as IN 7960 12951 7 the the DT 7960 12951 8 " " `` 7960 12951 9 Council Council NNP 7960 12951 10 of of IN 7960 12951 11 Blood Blood NNP 7960 12951 12 , , , 7960 12951 13 " " '' 7960 12951 14 was be VBD 7960 12951 15 set set VBN 7960 12951 16 up up RP 7960 12951 17 for for IN 7960 12951 18 the the DT 7960 12951 19 punishment punishment NN 7960 12951 20 of of IN 7960 12951 21 treason treason NN 7960 12951 22 and and CC 7960 12951 23 heresy heresy NN 7960 12951 24 . . . 7960 12952 1 Hundreds hundred NNS 7960 12952 2 , , , 7960 12952 3 and and CC 7960 12952 4 probably probably RB 7960 12952 5 thousands thousand NNS 7960 12952 6 , , , 7960 12952 7 perished perish VBD 7960 12952 8 ; ; : 7960 12952 9 tens ten NNS 7960 12952 10 of of IN 7960 12952 11 thousands thousand NNS 7960 12952 12 fled flee VBD 7960 12952 13 to to IN 7960 12952 14 Germany Germany NNP 7960 12952 15 and and CC 7960 12952 16 England England NNP 7960 12952 17 . . . 7960 12953 1 Alva alva VB 7960 12953 2 , , , 7960 12953 3 as as IN 7960 12953 4 governor governor NN 7960 12953 5 - - HYPH 7960 12953 6 general general JJ 7960 12953 7 , , , 7960 12953 8 also also RB 7960 12953 9 raised raise VBD 7960 12953 10 enormous enormous JJ 7960 12953 11 taxes taxis NNS 7960 12953 12 , , , 7960 12953 13 which which WDT 7960 12953 14 threatened threaten VBD 7960 12953 15 to to TO 7960 12953 16 destroy destroy VB 7960 12953 17 the the DT 7960 12953 18 trade trade NN 7960 12953 19 and and CC 7960 12953 20 manufactures manufacture NNS 7960 12953 21 of of IN 7960 12953 22 the the DT 7960 12953 23 Netherlands Netherlands NNP 7960 12953 24 . . . 7960 12954 1 Under under IN 7960 12954 2 these these DT 7960 12954 3 circumstances circumstance NNS 7960 12954 4 Roman Roman NNP 7960 12954 5 Catholics Catholics NNPS 7960 12954 6 and and CC 7960 12954 7 Protestants Protestants NNPS 7960 12954 8 , , , 7960 12954 9 nobles noble NNS 7960 12954 10 and and CC 7960 12954 11 townsfolk townsfolk NN 7960 12954 12 , , , 7960 12954 13 united unite VBN 7960 12954 14 against against IN 7960 12954 15 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 12954 16 Spanish spanish JJ 7960 12954 17 oppressors oppressor NNS 7960 12954 18 . . . 7960 12955 1 A a DT 7960 12955 2 revolt revolt NN 7960 12955 3 began begin VBD 7960 12955 4 which which WDT 7960 12955 5 Spain Spain NNP 7960 12955 6 could could MD 7960 12955 7 never never RB 7960 12955 8 quell quell VB 7960 12955 9 . . . 7960 12956 1 WILLIAM WILLIAM NNP 7960 12956 2 THE the DT 7960 12956 3 SILENT SILENT NNP 7960 12956 4 , , , 7960 12956 5 1533 1533 CD 7960 12956 6 - - SYM 7960 12956 7 1584 1584 CD 7960 12956 8 A.D. A.D. 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Latin Latin NNP 7960 12984 11 and and CC 7960 12984 12 several several JJ 7960 12984 13 modern modern JJ 7960 12984 14 languages language NNS 7960 12984 15 ; ; : 7960 12984 16 knew know VBD 7960 12984 17 a a DT 7960 12984 18 little little JJ 7960 12984 19 Greek greek JJ 7960 12984 20 ; ; : 7960 12984 21 and and CC 7960 12984 22 displayed display VBD 7960 12984 23 some some DT 7960 12984 24 skill skill NN 7960 12984 25 in in IN 7960 12984 26 music music NN 7960 12984 27 . . . 7960 12985 1 To to IN 7960 12985 2 her -PRON- PRP$ 7960 12985 3 father father NN 7960 12985 4 , , , 7960 12985 5 Henry Henry NNP 7960 12985 6 VIII VIII NNP 7960 12985 7 , , , 7960 12985 8 she -PRON- PRP 7960 12985 9 doubtless doubtless RB 7960 12985 10 owed owe VBD 7960 12985 11 her -PRON- PRP$ 7960 12985 12 tactfulness tactfulness NN 7960 12985 13 and and CC 7960 12985 14 charm charm NN 7960 12985 15 of of IN 7960 12985 16 manner manner NN 7960 12985 17 , , , 7960 12985 18 as as RB 7960 12985 19 well well RB 7960 12985 20 as as IN 7960 12985 21 her -PRON- PRP$ 7960 12985 22 imperious imperious JJ 7960 12985 23 will will NN 7960 12985 24 ; ; : 7960 12985 25 she -PRON- PRP 7960 12985 26 resembled resemble VBD 7960 12985 27 her -PRON- PRP$ 7960 12985 28 mother mother NN 7960 12985 29 , , , 7960 12985 30 Anne Anne NNP 7960 12985 31 Boleyn Boleyn NNP 7960 12985 32 , , , 7960 12985 33 in in IN 7960 12985 34 her -PRON- PRP$ 7960 12985 35 vanity vanity NN 7960 12985 36 and and CC 7960 12985 37 love love NN 7960 12985 38 of of IN 7960 12985 39 display display NN 7960 12985 40 . . . 7960 12986 1 As as IN 7960 12986 2 a a DT 7960 12986 3 ruler ruler NN 7960 12986 4 Elizabeth Elizabeth NNP 7960 12986 5 was be VBD 7960 12986 6 shrewd shrewd JJ 7960 12986 7 , , , 7960 12986 8 far far RB 7960 12986 9 - - HYPH 7960 12986 10 sighted sighted JJ 7960 12986 11 , , , 7960 12986 12 a a DT 7960 12986 13 good good JJ 7960 12986 14 judge judge NN 7960 12986 15 of of IN 7960 12986 16 character character NN 7960 12986 17 , , , 7960 12986 18 and and CC 7960 12986 19 willing willing JJ 7960 12986 20 to to TO 7960 12986 21 be be VB 7960 12986 22 guided guide VBN 7960 12986 23 by by IN 7960 12986 24 the the DT 7960 12986 25 able able JJ 7960 12986 26 counselors counselor NNS 7960 12986 27 who who WP 7960 12986 28 surrounded surround VBD 7960 12986 29 her -PRON- PRP 7960 12986 30 . . . 7960 12987 1 Above above IN 7960 12987 2 all all DT 7960 12987 3 , , , 7960 12987 4 Elizabeth Elizabeth NNP 7960 12987 5 was be VBD 7960 12987 6 an an DT 7960 12987 7 ardent ardent JJ 7960 12987 8 patriot patriot NN 7960 12987 9 . . . 7960 12988 1 She -PRON- PRP 7960 12988 2 understood understand VBD 7960 12988 3 and and CC 7960 12988 4 loved love VBD 7960 12988 5 her -PRON- PRP$ 7960 12988 6 people people NNS 7960 12988 7 , , , 7960 12988 8 and and CC 7960 12988 9 they -PRON- PRP 7960 12988 10 , , , 7960 12988 11 in in IN 7960 12988 12 turn turn NN 7960 12988 13 , , , 7960 12988 14 felt feel VBD 7960 12988 15 a a DT 7960 12988 16 chivalrous chivalrous JJ 7960 12988 17 devotion devotion NN 7960 12988 18 to to IN 7960 12988 19 the the DT 7960 12988 20 " " `` 7960 12988 21 Virgin Virgin NNP 7960 12988 22 Queen Queen NNP 7960 12988 23 , , , 7960 12988 24 " " '' 7960 12988 25 to to IN 7960 12988 26 " " `` 7960 12988 27 Good good JJ 7960 12988 28 Queen Queen NNP 7960 12988 29 Bess Bess NNP 7960 12988 30 " " '' 7960 12988 31 . . . 7960 12989 1 PROTESTANTISM PROTESTANTISM NNP 7960 12989 2 IN in IN 7960 12989 3 ENGLAND ENGLAND NNP 7960 12989 4 The the DT 7960 12989 5 daughter daughter NN 7960 12989 6 of of IN 7960 12989 7 Anne Anne NNP 7960 12989 8 Boleyn Boleyn NNP 7960 12989 9 had have VBD 7960 12989 10 been be VBN 7960 12989 11 born bear VBN 7960 12989 12 under under IN 7960 12989 13 the the DT 7960 12989 14 ban ban NN 7960 12989 15 of of IN 7960 12989 16 the the DT 7960 12989 17 pope pope NN 7960 12989 18 , , , 7960 12989 19 so so IN 7960 12989 20 that that DT 7960 12989 21 opposition opposition NN 7960 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retains retain VBZ 7960 12990 26 to to IN 7960 12990 27 - - HYPH 7960 12990 28 day day NN 7960 12990 29 . . . 7960 12991 1 The the DT 7960 12991 2 church church NN 7960 12991 3 was be VBD 7960 12991 4 intended intend VBN 7960 12991 5 to to TO 7960 12991 6 include include VB 7960 12991 7 everyone everyone NN 7960 12991 8 in in IN 7960 12991 9 England England NNP 7960 12991 10 , , , 7960 12991 11 and and CC 7960 12991 12 hence hence RB 7960 12991 13 all all DT 7960 12991 14 persons person NNS 7960 12991 15 were be VBD 7960 12991 16 required require VBN 7960 12991 17 to to TO 7960 12991 18 attend attend VB 7960 12991 19 religious religious JJ 7960 12991 20 exercises exercise NNS 7960 12991 21 on on IN 7960 12991 22 Sundays Sundays NNP 7960 12991 23 and and CC 7960 12991 24 holy holy JJ 7960 12991 25 days day NNS 7960 12991 26 . . . 7960 12992 1 Refusal refusal NN 7960 12992 2 to to TO 7960 12992 3 do do VB 7960 12992 4 so so RB 7960 12992 5 exposed expose VBN 7960 12992 6 the the DT 7960 12992 7 offender offender NN 7960 12992 8 to to IN 7960 12992 9 a a DT 7960 12992 10 fine fine NN 7960 12992 11 . . . 7960 12993 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 12993 2 Illustration illustration NN 7960 12993 3 : : : 7960 12993 4 ELIZABETH ELIZABETH NNP 7960 12993 5 ] ] -RRB- 7960 12993 6 TREATMENT TREATMENT NNP 7960 12993 7 OF of IN 7960 12993 8 ROMAN roman FW 7960 12993 9 CATHOLICS CATHOLICS NNP 7960 12993 10 The the DT 7960 12993 11 great great JJ 7960 12993 12 body body NN 7960 12993 13 of of IN 7960 12993 14 the the DT 7960 12993 15 people people NNS 7960 12993 16 soon soon RB 7960 12993 17 conformed conform VBD 7960 12993 18 to to IN 7960 12993 19 the the DT 7960 12993 20 state state NN 7960 12993 21 church church NN 7960 12993 22 , , , 7960 12993 23 but but CC 7960 12993 24 Roman Roman NNP 7960 12993 25 Catholics Catholics NNPS 7960 12993 26 could could MD 7960 12993 27 not not RB 7960 12993 28 conscientiously conscientiously RB 7960 12993 29 attend attend VB 7960 12993 30 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 12993 31 services service NNS 7960 12993 32 . . . 7960 12994 1 The the DT 7960 12994 2 laws law NNS 7960 12994 3 against against IN 7960 12994 4 them -PRON- PRP 7960 12994 5 do do VBP 7960 12994 6 not not RB 7960 12994 7 seem seem VB 7960 12994 8 to to TO 7960 12994 9 have have VB 7960 12994 10 been be VBN 7960 12994 11 strictly strictly RB 7960 12994 12 enforced enforce VBN 7960 12994 13 at at IN 7960 12994 14 first first RB 7960 12994 15 , , , 7960 12994 16 but but CC 7960 12994 17 in in IN 7960 12994 18 the the DT 7960 12994 19 later later JJ 7960 12994 20 years year NNS 7960 12994 21 of of IN 7960 12994 22 Elizabeth Elizabeth NNP 7960 12994 23 's 's POS 7960 12994 24 reign reign JJ 7960 12994 25 real real JJ 7960 12994 26 or or CC 7960 12994 27 suspected suspect VBN 7960 12994 28 plots plot NNS 7960 12994 29 by by IN 7960 12994 30 Roman Roman NNP 7960 12994 31 Catholics Catholics NNPS 7960 12994 32 against against IN 7960 12994 33 her -PRON- PRP$ 7960 12994 34 throne throne NN 7960 12994 35 led lead VBD 7960 12994 36 to to IN 7960 12994 37 a a DT 7960 12994 38 policy policy NN 7960 12994 39 of of IN 7960 12994 40 repression repression NN 7960 12994 41 . . . 7960 12995 1 Those those DT 7960 12995 2 who who WP 7960 12995 3 said say VBD 7960 12995 4 or or CC 7960 12995 5 heard hear VBD 7960 12995 6 mass mass NN 7960 12995 7 were be VBD 7960 12995 8 heavily heavily RB 7960 12995 9 fined fine VBN 7960 12995 10 and and CC 7960 12995 11 imprisoned imprison VBN 7960 12995 12 ; ; : 7960 12995 13 those those DT 7960 12995 14 who who WP 7960 12995 15 brought bring VBD 7960 12995 16 papal papal JJ 7960 12995 17 bulls bull NNS 7960 12995 18 into into IN 7960 12995 19 England England NNP 7960 12995 20 or or CC 7960 12995 21 converted convert VBD 7960 12995 22 Protestants Protestants NNPS 7960 12995 23 to to IN 7960 12995 24 Roman roman JJ 7960 12995 25 Catholicism Catholicism NNP 7960 12995 26 were be VBD 7960 12995 27 executed execute VBN 7960 12995 28 as as IN 7960 12995 29 traitors traitor NNS 7960 12995 30 . . . 7960 12996 1 Several several JJ 7960 12996 2 hundred hundred CD 7960 12996 3 priests priest NNS 7960 12996 4 , , , 7960 12996 5 mostly mostly RB 7960 12996 6 Jesuits Jesuits NNPS 7960 12996 7 , , , 7960 12996 8 suffered suffer VBD 7960 12996 9 death death NN 7960 12996 10 , , , 7960 12996 11 and and CC 7960 12996 12 many many JJ 7960 12996 13 more more RBR 7960 12996 14 languished languish VBN 7960 12996 15 in in IN 7960 12996 16 jail jail NN 7960 12996 17 . . . 7960 12997 1 This this DT 7960 12997 2 persecution persecution NN 7960 12997 3 , , , 7960 12997 4 however however RB 7960 12997 5 necessary necessary JJ 7960 12997 6 it -PRON- PRP 7960 12997 7 may may MD 7960 12997 8 have have VB 7960 12997 9 seemed seem VBN 7960 12997 10 to to IN 7960 12997 11 Elizabeth Elizabeth NNP 7960 12997 12 and and CC 7960 12997 13 her -PRON- PRP$ 7960 12997 14 advisers adviser NNS 7960 12997 15 , , , 7960 12997 16 is be VBZ 7960 12997 17 a a DT 7960 12997 18 blot blot NN 7960 12997 19 on on IN 7960 12997 20 her -PRON- PRP$ 7960 12997 21 reign reign NN 7960 12997 22 . . . 7960 12998 1 PROTESTANTISM PROTESTANTISM NNP 7960 12998 2 IN in IN 7960 12998 3 IRELAND IRELAND NNP 7960 12998 4 The the DT 7960 12998 5 Reformation Reformation NNP 7960 12998 6 made make VBD 7960 12998 7 little little JJ 7960 12998 8 progress progress NN 7960 12998 9 in in IN 7960 12998 10 Ireland Ireland NNP 7960 12998 11 . . . 7960 12999 1 Henry Henry NNP 7960 12999 2 VIII VIII NNP 7960 12999 3 , , , 7960 12999 4 who who WP 7960 12999 5 had have VBD 7960 12999 6 extended extend VBN 7960 12999 7 English English NNP 7960 12999 8 sway sway NN 7960 12999 9 over over IN 7960 12999 10 most most JJS 7960 12999 11 of of IN 7960 12999 12 the the DT 7960 12999 13 island island NN 7960 12999 14 , , , 7960 12999 15 suppressed suppress VBD 7960 12999 16 the the DT 7960 12999 17 monasteries monastery NNS 7960 12999 18 , , , 7960 12999 19 demolished demolish VBN 7960 12999 20 shrines shrine NNS 7960 12999 21 , , , 7960 12999 22 relics relic NNS 7960 12999 23 , , , 7960 12999 24 and and CC 7960 12999 25 images image NNS 7960 12999 26 , , , 7960 12999 27 and and CC 7960 12999 28 placed place VBD 7960 12999 29 English English NNP 7960 12999 30 - - HYPH 7960 12999 31 speaking speak VBG 7960 12999 32 priests priest NNS 7960 12999 33 in in IN 7960 12999 34 charge charge NN 7960 12999 35 of of IN 7960 12999 36 the the DT 7960 12999 37 churches church NNS 7960 12999 38 . . . 7960 13000 1 The the DT 7960 13000 2 Irish irish JJ 7960 13000 3 people people NNS 7960 13000 4 , , , 7960 13000 5 who who WP 7960 13000 6 remained remain VBD 7960 13000 7 loyal loyal JJ 7960 13000 8 to to IN 7960 13000 9 Rome Rome NNP 7960 13000 10 , , , 7960 13000 11 regarded regard VBD 7960 13000 12 these these DT 7960 13000 13 measures measure NNS 7960 13000 14 as as IN 7960 13000 15 the the DT 7960 13000 16 tyrannical tyrannical JJ 7960 13000 17 acts act NNS 7960 13000 18 of of IN 7960 13000 19 a a DT 7960 13000 20 foreign foreign JJ 7960 13000 21 government government NN 7960 13000 22 . . . 7960 13001 1 During during IN 7960 13001 2 Elizabeth Elizabeth NNP 7960 13001 3 's 's POS 7960 13001 4 reign reign NN 7960 13001 5 there there EX 7960 13001 6 were be VBD 7960 13001 7 several several JJ 7960 13001 8 dangerous dangerous JJ 7960 13001 9 revolts revolt NNS 7960 13001 10 , , , 7960 13001 11 which which WDT 7960 13001 12 her -PRON- PRP$ 7960 13001 13 generals general NNS 7960 13001 14 suppressed suppress VBN 7960 13001 15 with with IN 7960 13001 16 great great JJ 7960 13001 17 cruelty cruelty NN 7960 13001 18 . . . 7960 13002 1 The the DT 7960 13002 2 result result NN 7960 13002 3 was be VBD 7960 13002 4 to to TO 7960 13002 5 widen widen VB 7960 13002 6 the the DT 7960 13002 7 breach breach NN 7960 13002 8 between between IN 7960 13002 9 England England NNP 7960 13002 10 and and CC 7960 13002 11 Ireland Ireland NNP 7960 13002 12 . . . 7960 13003 1 Henceforth henceforth RB 7960 13003 2 to to IN 7960 13003 3 most most JJS 7960 13003 4 Irishmen irishmen JJ 7960 13003 5 patriotism patriotism NN 7960 13003 6 became become VBD 7960 13003 7 identified identify VBN 7960 13003 8 with with IN 7960 13003 9 Roman Roman NNP 7960 13003 10 Catholicism Catholicism NNP 7960 13003 11 . . . 7960 13004 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 13004 2 Illustration illustration NN 7960 13004 3 : : : 7960 13004 4 SILVER silver NN 7960 13004 5 CROWN crown NN 7960 13004 6 OF of IN 7960 13004 7 ELIZABETH ELIZABETH NNP 7960 13004 8 'S 'S NNP 7960 13004 9 REIGN REIGN NNP 7960 13004 10 ] ] -RRB- 7960 13004 11 ELIZABETH ELIZABETH NNP 7960 13004 12 AND and CC 7960 13004 13 MARY MARY NNP 7960 13004 14 QUEEN QUEEN NNS 7960 13004 15 OF of IN 7960 13004 16 SCOTS SCOTS NNP 7960 13004 17 Many many JJ 7960 13004 18 of of IN 7960 13004 19 the the DT 7960 13004 20 plots plot NNS 7960 13004 21 against against IN 7960 13004 22 Elizabeth Elizabeth NNP 7960 13004 23 centered center VBN 7960 13004 24 about about IN 7960 13004 25 Mary Mary NNP 7960 13004 26 Stuart Stuart NNP 7960 13004 27 , , , 7960 13004 28 the the DT 7960 13004 29 ill- ill- NN 7960 13004 30 starred star VBD 7960 13004 31 Queen Queen NNP 7960 13004 32 of of IN 7960 13004 33 Scots Scots NNPS 7960 13004 34 . . . 7960 13005 1 She -PRON- PRP 7960 13005 2 was be VBD 7960 13005 3 a a DT 7960 13005 4 granddaughter granddaughter NN 7960 13005 5 of of IN 7960 13005 6 Henry Henry NNP 7960 13005 7 VII VII NNP 7960 13005 8 , , , 7960 13005 9 and and CC 7960 13005 10 extreme extreme JJ 7960 13005 11 Roman Roman NNP 7960 13005 12 Catholics Catholics NNPS 7960 13005 13 claimed claim VBD 7960 13005 14 that that IN 7960 13005 15 she -PRON- PRP 7960 13005 16 had have VBD 7960 13005 17 a a DT 7960 13005 18 better well JJR 7960 13005 19 right right NN 7960 13005 20 to to IN 7960 13005 21 the the DT 7960 13005 22 English english JJ 7960 13005 23 throne throne NN 7960 13005 24 than than IN 7960 13005 25 Elizabeth Elizabeth NNP 7960 13005 26 , , , 7960 13005 27 because because IN 7960 13005 28 the the DT 7960 13005 29 pope pope NN 7960 13005 30 had have VBD 7960 13005 31 declared declare VBN 7960 13005 32 the the DT 7960 13005 33 marriage marriage NN 7960 13005 34 of of IN 7960 13005 35 Henry Henry NNP 7960 13005 36 VIII VIII NNP 7960 13005 37 and and CC 7960 13005 38 Anne Anne NNP 7960 13005 39 Boleyn Boleyn NNP 7960 13005 40 null null NN 7960 13005 41 and and CC 7960 13005 42 void void JJ 7960 13005 43 . . . 7960 13006 1 Mary Mary NNP 7960 13006 2 , , , 7960 13006 3 a a DT 7960 13006 4 fervent fervent JJ 7960 13006 5 Roman Roman NNP 7960 13006 6 Catholic Catholic NNP 7960 13006 7 , , , 7960 13006 8 did do VBD 7960 13006 9 not not RB 7960 13006 10 please please VB 7960 13006 11 her -PRON- PRP$ 7960 13006 12 Scotch scotch NN 7960 13006 13 subjects subject NNS 7960 13006 14 , , , 7960 13006 15 who who WP 7960 13006 16 had have VBD 7960 13006 17 adopted adopt VBN 7960 13006 18 Calvinistic calvinistic JJ 7960 13006 19 doctrines doctrine NNS 7960 13006 20 . . . 7960 13007 1 She -PRON- PRP 7960 13007 2 also also RB 7960 13007 3 discredited discredit VBD 7960 13007 4 herself -PRON- PRP 7960 13007 5 by by IN 7960 13007 6 marrying marry VBG 7960 13007 7 the the DT 7960 13007 8 man man NN 7960 13007 9 who who WP 7960 13007 10 had have VBD 7960 13007 11 murdered murder VBN 7960 13007 12 her -PRON- PRP$ 7960 13007 13 former former JJ 7960 13007 14 husband husband NN 7960 13007 15 . . . 7960 13008 1 An an DT 7960 13008 2 uprising uprising NN 7960 13008 3 of of IN 7960 13008 4 the the DT 7960 13008 5 Scottish scottish JJ 7960 13008 6 nobles noble NNS 7960 13008 7 compelled compel VBD 7960 13008 8 Mary Mary NNP 7960 13008 9 to to TO 7960 13008 10 abdicate abdicate VB 7960 13008 11 the the DT 7960 13008 12 throne throne NN 7960 13008 13 in in IN 7960 13008 14 favor favor NN 7960 13008 15 of of IN 7960 13008 16 her -PRON- PRP$ 7960 13008 17 infant infant NN 7960 13008 18 son son NN 7960 13008 19 [ [ -LRB- 7960 13008 20 28 28 CD 7960 13008 21 ] ] -RRB- 7960 13008 22 and and CC 7960 13008 23 to to TO 7960 13008 24 take take VB 7960 13008 25 refuge refuge NN 7960 13008 26 in in IN 7960 13008 27 England England NNP 7960 13008 28 . . . 7960 13009 1 Elizabeth Elizabeth NNP 7960 13009 2 kept keep VBD 7960 13009 3 her -PRON- PRP$ 7960 13009 4 rival rival NN 7960 13009 5 in in IN 7960 13009 6 captivity captivity NN 7960 13009 7 for for IN 7960 13009 8 nearly nearly RB 7960 13009 9 twenty twenty CD 7960 13009 10 years year NNS 7960 13009 11 . . . 7960 13010 1 In in IN 7960 13010 2 1586 1586 CD 7960 13010 3 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 13010 4 , , , 7960 13010 5 the the DT 7960 13010 6 former former JJ 7960 13010 7 queen queen NN 7960 13010 8 was be VBD 7960 13010 9 found find VBN 7960 13010 10 guilty guilty JJ 7960 13010 11 of of IN 7960 13010 12 conspiring conspire VBG 7960 13010 13 against against IN 7960 13010 14 Elizabeth Elizabeth NNP 7960 13010 15 's 's POS 7960 13010 16 life life NN 7960 13010 17 and and CC 7960 13010 18 was be VBD 7960 13010 19 beheaded behead VBN 7960 13010 20 . . . 7960 13011 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 13011 2 Illustration illustration NN 7960 13011 3 : : : 7960 13011 4 Map Map NNP 7960 13011 5 , , , 7960 13011 6 WESTERN WESTERN NNP 7960 13011 7 EUROPE EUROPE NNP 7960 13011 8 IN in IN 7960 13011 9 THE the DT 7960 13011 10 TIME time NN 7960 13011 11 OF of IN 7960 13011 12 ELIZABETH ELIZABETH NNP 7960 13011 13 ] ] -RRB- 7960 13011 14 [ [ -LRB- 7960 13011 15 Illustration illustration NN 7960 13011 16 : : : 7960 13011 17 LONDON LONDON NNP 7960 13011 18 BRIDGE BRIDGE NNP 7960 13011 19 IN in IN 7960 13011 20 THE the DT 7960 13011 21 TIME time NN 7960 13011 22 OF of IN 7960 13011 23 ELIZABETH elizabeth NN 7960 13011 24 The the DT 7960 13011 25 old old JJ 7960 13011 26 structure structure NN 7960 13011 27 was be VBD 7960 13011 28 completed complete VBN 7960 13011 29 early early JJ 7960 13011 30 in in IN 7960 13011 31 the the DT 7960 13011 32 thirteenth thirteenth JJ 7960 13011 33 century century NN 7960 13011 34 . . . 7960 13012 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 13012 2 measured measure VBD 7960 13012 3 924 924 CD 7960 13012 4 feet foot NNS 7960 13012 5 in in IN 7960 13012 6 length length NN 7960 13012 7 and and CC 7960 13012 8 had have VBD 7960 13012 9 20 20 CD 7960 13012 10 narrow narrow JJ 7960 13012 11 arches arch NNS 7960 13012 12 . . . 7960 13013 1 Note note VB 7960 13013 2 the the DT 7960 13013 3 rows row NNS 7960 13013 4 of of IN 7960 13013 5 houses house NNS 7960 13013 6 and and CC 7960 13013 7 shops shop NNS 7960 13013 8 on on IN 7960 13013 9 the the DT 7960 13013 10 bridge bridge NN 7960 13013 11 , , , 7960 13013 12 the the DT 7960 13013 13 chapel chapel NN 7960 13013 14 in in IN 7960 13013 15 the the DT 7960 13013 16 center center NN 7960 13013 17 and and CC 7960 13013 18 the the DT 7960 13013 19 gate gate NN 7960 13013 20 above above IN 7960 13013 21 which which WDT 7960 13013 22 the the DT 7960 13013 23 heads head NNS 7960 13013 24 of of IN 7960 13013 25 traitors traitor NNS 7960 13013 26 were be VBD 7960 13013 27 exhibited exhibit VBN 7960 13013 28 on on IN 7960 13013 29 pikes pike NNS 7960 13013 30 . . . 7960 13014 1 The the DT 7960 13014 2 present present JJ 7960 13014 3 London London NNP 7960 13014 4 Bridge Bridge NNP 7960 13014 5 was be VBD 7960 13014 6 completed complete VBN 7960 13014 7 in in IN 7960 13014 8 1831 1831 CD 7960 13014 9 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 13014 10 ] ] -RRB- 7960 13014 11 ELIZABETH ELIZABETH NNP 7960 13014 12 AND and CC 7960 13014 13 PHILIP PHILIP NNP 7960 13014 14 II II NNP 7960 13014 15 Philip Philip NNP 7960 13014 16 II II NNP 7960 13014 17 , , , 7960 13014 18 the the DT 7960 13014 19 king king NN 7960 13014 20 of of IN 7960 13014 21 Spain Spain NNP 7960 13014 22 , , , 7960 13014 23 also also RB 7960 13014 24 threatened threaten VBD 7960 13014 25 Elizabeth Elizabeth NNP 7960 13014 26 's 's POS 7960 13014 27 security security NN 7960 13014 28 . . . 7960 13015 1 At at IN 7960 13015 2 the the DT 7960 13015 3 outset outset NN 7960 13015 4 of of IN 7960 13015 5 her -PRON- PRP$ 7960 13015 6 reign reign NN 7960 13015 7 Philip Philip NNP 7960 13015 8 had have VBD 7960 13015 9 made make VBN 7960 13015 10 her -PRON- PRP 7960 13015 11 an an DT 7960 13015 12 offer offer NN 7960 13015 13 of of IN 7960 13015 14 marriage marriage NN 7960 13015 15 , , , 7960 13015 16 but but CC 7960 13015 17 she -PRON- PRP 7960 13015 18 refused refuse VBD 7960 13015 19 to to TO 7960 13015 20 give give VB 7960 13015 21 herself -PRON- PRP 7960 13015 22 , , , 7960 13015 23 or or CC 7960 13015 24 England England NNP 7960 13015 25 , , , 7960 13015 26 a a DT 7960 13015 27 Spanish spanish JJ 7960 13015 28 master master NN 7960 13015 29 . . . 7960 13016 1 As as IN 7960 13016 2 time time NN 7960 13016 3 went go VBD 7960 13016 4 on on RP 7960 13016 5 , , , 7960 13016 6 Philip Philip NNP 7960 13016 7 turned turn VBD 7960 13016 8 into into IN 7960 13016 9 an an DT 7960 13016 10 open open JJ 7960 13016 11 enemy enemy NN 7960 13016 12 of of IN 7960 13016 13 the the DT 7960 13016 14 Protestant protestant JJ 7960 13016 15 queen queen NN 7960 13016 16 and and CC 7960 13016 17 did do VBD 7960 13016 18 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 13016 19 best good JJS 7960 13016 20 to to TO 7960 13016 21 stir stir VB 7960 13016 22 up up RP 7960 13016 23 sedition sedition NN 7960 13016 24 among among IN 7960 13016 25 her -PRON- PRP$ 7960 13016 26 Roman roman JJ 7960 13016 27 Catholic catholic JJ 7960 13016 28 subjects subject NNS 7960 13016 29 . . . 7960 13017 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 13017 2 must must MD 7960 13017 3 be be VB 7960 13017 4 admitted admit VBN 7960 13017 5 that that IN 7960 13017 6 Philip Philip NNP 7960 13017 7 could could MD 7960 13017 8 plead plead VB 7960 13017 9 strong strong JJ 7960 13017 10 justification justification NN 7960 13017 11 for for IN 7960 13017 12 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 13017 13 attitude attitude NN 7960 13017 14 . . . 7960 13018 1 Elizabeth Elizabeth NNP 7960 13018 2 allowed allow VBD 7960 13018 3 the the DT 7960 13018 4 English English NNP 7960 13018 5 " " `` 7960 13018 6 sea sea NN 7960 13018 7 dogs dog NNS 7960 13018 8 " " '' 7960 13018 9 [ [ -LRB- 7960 13018 10 29 29 CD 7960 13018 11 ] ] -RRB- 7960 13018 12 to to TO 7960 13018 13 plunder plunder VB 7960 13018 14 Spanish spanish JJ 7960 13018 15 colonies colony NNS 7960 13018 16 and and CC 7960 13018 17 seize seize VB 7960 13018 18 Spanish spanish JJ 7960 13018 19 vessels vessel NNS 7960 13018 20 laden laden JJ 7960 13018 21 with with IN 7960 13018 22 the the DT 7960 13018 23 treasure treasure NN 7960 13018 24 of of IN 7960 13018 25 the the DT 7960 13018 26 New New NNP 7960 13018 27 World World NNP 7960 13018 28 . . . 7960 13019 1 Moreover moreover RB 7960 13019 2 , , , 7960 13019 3 she -PRON- PRP 7960 13019 4 aided aid VBD 7960 13019 5 the the DT 7960 13019 6 rebellious rebellious JJ 7960 13019 7 Dutch Dutch NNP 7960 13019 8 , , , 7960 13019 9 at at IN 7960 13019 10 first first RB 7960 13019 11 secretly secretly RB 7960 13019 12 and and CC 7960 13019 13 at at IN 7960 13019 14 length length NN 7960 13019 15 openly openly RB 7960 13019 16 , , , 7960 13019 17 in in IN 7960 13019 18 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 13019 19 struggle struggle NN 7960 13019 20 against against IN 7960 13019 21 Spain Spain NNP 7960 13019 22 . . . 7960 13020 1 Philip Philip NNP 7960 13020 2 put put VBD 7960 13020 3 up up RP 7960 13020 4 with with IN 7960 13020 5 these these DT 7960 13020 6 aggressions aggression NNS 7960 13020 7 for for IN 7960 13020 8 many many JJ 7960 13020 9 years year NNS 7960 13020 10 , , , 7960 13020 11 but but CC 7960 13020 12 finally finally RB 7960 13020 13 came come VBD 7960 13020 14 to to IN 7960 13020 15 the the DT 7960 13020 16 conclusion conclusion NN 7960 13020 17 that that IN 7960 13020 18 he -PRON- PRP 7960 13020 19 could could MD 7960 13020 20 never never RB 7960 13020 21 subdue subdue VB 7960 13020 22 the the DT 7960 13020 23 Netherlands Netherlands NNP 7960 13020 24 or or CC 7960 13020 25 end end VB 7960 13020 26 the the DT 7960 13020 27 piracy piracy NN 7960 13020 28 and and CC 7960 13020 29 smuggling smuggling NN 7960 13020 30 in in IN 7960 13020 31 Spanish Spanish NNP 7960 13020 32 America America NNP 7960 13020 33 without without IN 7960 13020 34 first first JJ 7960 13020 35 conquering conquer VBG 7960 13020 36 England England NNP 7960 13020 37 . . . 7960 13021 1 The the DT 7960 13021 2 execution execution NN 7960 13021 3 of of IN 7960 13021 4 Mary Mary NNP 7960 13021 5 Stuart Stuart NNP 7960 13021 6 removed remove VBD 7960 13021 7 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 13021 8 last last JJ 7960 13021 9 doubts doubt NNS 7960 13021 10 , , , 7960 13021 11 for for IN 7960 13021 12 Mary Mary NNP 7960 13021 13 had have VBD 7960 13021 14 left leave VBN 7960 13021 15 him -PRON- PRP 7960 13021 16 her -PRON- PRP$ 7960 13021 17 claims claim NNS 7960 13021 18 to to IN 7960 13021 19 the the DT 7960 13021 20 English english JJ 7960 13021 21 throne throne NN 7960 13021 22 . . . 7960 13022 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 13022 2 at at IN 7960 13022 3 once once RB 7960 13022 4 made make VBN 7960 13022 5 ready ready JJ 7960 13022 6 to to TO 7960 13022 7 invade invade VB 7960 13022 8 England England NNP 7960 13022 9 . . . 7960 13023 1 Philip Philip NNP 7960 13023 2 seems seem VBZ 7960 13023 3 to to TO 7960 13023 4 have have VB 7960 13023 5 believed believe VBN 7960 13023 6 that that IN 7960 13023 7 as as RB 7960 13023 8 soon soon RB 7960 13023 9 as as IN 7960 13023 10 a a DT 7960 13023 11 Spanish spanish JJ 7960 13023 12 army army NN 7960 13023 13 landed land VBD 7960 13023 14 in in IN 7960 13023 15 the the DT 7960 13023 16 island island NN 7960 13023 17 , , , 7960 13023 18 the the DT 7960 13023 19 Roman Roman NNP 7960 13023 20 Catholics Catholics NNPS 7960 13023 21 would would MD 7960 13023 22 rally rally VB 7960 13023 23 to to IN 7960 13023 24 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 13023 25 cause cause NN 7960 13023 26 . . . 7960 13024 1 But but CC 7960 13024 2 the the DT 7960 13024 3 Spanish spanish JJ 7960 13024 4 king king NN 7960 13024 5 never never RB 7960 13024 6 had have VBD 7960 13024 7 a a DT 7960 13024 8 chance chance NN 7960 13024 9 to to TO 7960 13024 10 verify verify VB 7960 13024 11 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 13024 12 belief belief NN 7960 13024 13 ; ; : 7960 13024 14 the the DT 7960 13024 15 decisive decisive JJ 7960 13024 16 battle battle NN 7960 13024 17 took take VBD 7960 13024 18 place place NN 7960 13024 19 on on IN 7960 13024 20 the the DT 7960 13024 21 sea sea NN 7960 13024 22 . . . 7960 13025 1 THE the DT 7960 13025 2 " " `` 7960 13025 3 INVINCIBLE INVINCIBLE NNP 7960 13025 4 ARMADA ARMADA NNP 7960 13025 5 , , , 7960 13025 6 " " '' 7960 13025 7 1588 1588 CD 7960 13025 8 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 13025 9 Philip Philip NNP 7960 13025 10 had have VBD 7960 13025 11 not not RB 7960 13025 12 completed complete VBN 7960 13025 13 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 13025 14 preparations preparation NNS 7960 13025 15 before before IN 7960 13025 16 Sir Sir NNP 7960 13025 17 Francis Francis NNP 7960 13025 18 Drake Drake NNP 7960 13025 19 sailed sail VBD 7960 13025 20 into into IN 7960 13025 21 Cadiz Cadiz NNP 7960 13025 22 harbor harbor NN 7960 13025 23 and and CC 7960 13025 24 destroyed destroy VBD 7960 13025 25 a a DT 7960 13025 26 vast vast JJ 7960 13025 27 amount amount NN 7960 13025 28 of of IN 7960 13025 29 naval naval JJ 7960 13025 30 stores store NNS 7960 13025 31 and and CC 7960 13025 32 shipping shipping NN 7960 13025 33 . . . 7960 13026 1 This this DT 7960 13026 2 exploit exploit NN 7960 13026 3 , , , 7960 13026 4 which which WDT 7960 13026 5 Drake Drake NNP 7960 13026 6 called call VBD 7960 13026 7 " " `` 7960 13026 8 singeing singe VBG 7960 13026 9 the the DT 7960 13026 10 king king NN 7960 13026 11 of of IN 7960 13026 12 Spain Spain NNP 7960 13026 13 's 's POS 7960 13026 14 beard beard NN 7960 13026 15 , , , 7960 13026 16 " " '' 7960 13026 17 delayed delay VBD 7960 13026 18 the the DT 7960 13026 19 expedition expedition NN 7960 13026 20 for for IN 7960 13026 21 a a DT 7960 13026 22 year year NN 7960 13026 23 . . . 7960 13027 1 The the DT 7960 13027 2 " " `` 7960 13027 3 Invincible invincible JJ 7960 13027 4 Armada Armada NNP 7960 13027 5 " " '' 7960 13027 6 [ [ -LRB- 7960 13027 7 30 30 CD 7960 13027 8 ] ] -RRB- 7960 13027 9 set set VBN 7960 13027 10 out out RP 7960 13027 11 at at IN 7960 13027 12 last last RB 7960 13027 13 in in IN 7960 13027 14 1588 1588 CD 7960 13027 15 A.D. A.D. 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I. NNP 7960 13044 1 The the DT 7960 13044 2 Huguenots Huguenots NNPS 7960 13044 3 , , , 7960 13044 4 [ [ -LRB- 7960 13044 5 33 33 CD 7960 13044 6 ] ] -RRB- 7960 13044 7 as as IN 7960 13044 8 the the DT 7960 13044 9 French french JJ 7960 13044 10 Protestants Protestants NNPS 7960 13044 11 were be VBD 7960 13044 12 called call VBN 7960 13044 13 , , , 7960 13044 14 naturally naturally RB 7960 13044 15 accepted accept VBD 7960 13044 16 the the DT 7960 13044 17 doctrines doctrine NNS 7960 13044 18 of of IN 7960 13044 19 Calvin Calvin NNP 7960 13044 20 , , , 7960 13044 21 who who WP 7960 13044 22 was be VBD 7960 13044 23 himself -PRON- PRP 7960 13044 24 a a DT 7960 13044 25 Frenchman Frenchman NNP 7960 13044 26 and and CC 7960 13044 27 whose whose WP$ 7960 13044 28 books book NNS 7960 13044 29 were be VBD 7960 13044 30 written write VBN 7960 13044 31 in in IN 7960 13044 32 the the DT 7960 13044 33 French french JJ 7960 13044 34 language language NN 7960 13044 35 . . . 7960 13045 1 Though though IN 7960 13045 2 bitterly bitterly RB 7960 13045 3 persecuted persecute VBN 7960 13045 4 by by IN 7960 13045 5 Francis Francis NNP 7960 13045 6 I I NNP 7960 13045 7 and and CC 7960 13045 8 by by IN 7960 13045 9 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 13045 10 son son NN 7960 13045 11 Henry Henry NNP 7960 13045 12 II II NNP 7960 13045 13 ( ( -LRB- 7960 13045 14 1547 1547 CD 7960 13045 15 - - SYM 7960 13045 16 1559 1559 CD 7960 13045 17 A.D. 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NNP 7960 13047 12 had have VBD 7960 13047 13 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 13047 14 worldly worldly JJ 7960 13047 15 side side NN 7960 13047 16 . . . 7960 13048 1 CIVIL CIVIL NNP 7960 13048 2 WAR WAR NNP 7960 13048 3 IN in IN 7960 13048 4 FRANCE FRANCE NNP 7960 13048 5 During during IN 7960 13048 6 most most JJS 7960 13048 7 of of IN 7960 13048 8 the the DT 7960 13048 9 second second JJ 7960 13048 10 half half NN 7960 13048 11 of of IN 7960 13048 12 the the DT 7960 13048 13 sixteenth sixteenth JJ 7960 13048 14 century century NN 7960 13048 15 fierce fierce JJ 7960 13048 16 conflicts conflict NNS 7960 13048 17 raged rage VBN 7960 13048 18 in in IN 7960 13048 19 France France NNP 7960 13048 20 between between IN 7960 13048 21 the the DT 7960 13048 22 Roman Roman NNP 7960 13048 23 Catholics Catholics NNPS 7960 13048 24 and and CC 7960 13048 25 the the DT 7960 13048 26 Huguenots Huguenots NNPS 7960 13048 27 . . . 7960 13049 1 Philip Philip NNP 7960 13049 2 II II NNP 7960 13049 3 aided aid VBD 7960 13049 4 the the DT 7960 13049 5 former former JJ 7960 13049 6 and and CC 7960 13049 7 Queen Queen NNP 7960 13049 8 Elizabeth Elizabeth NNP 7960 13049 9 gave give VBD 7960 13049 10 some some DT 7960 13049 11 assistance assistance NN 7960 13049 12 to to IN 7960 13049 13 the the DT 7960 13049 14 latter latter JJ 7960 13049 15 . . . 7960 13050 1 France France NNP 7960 13050 2 suffered suffer VBD 7960 13050 3 terribly terribly RB 7960 13050 4 in in IN 7960 13050 5 the the DT 7960 13050 6 struggle struggle NN 7960 13050 7 , , , 7960 13050 8 not not RB 7960 13050 9 only only RB 7960 13050 10 from from IN 7960 13050 11 the the DT 7960 13050 12 constant constant JJ 7960 13050 13 fighting fighting NN 7960 13050 14 , , , 7960 13050 15 which which WDT 7960 13050 16 cost cost VBD 7960 13050 17 the the DT 7960 13050 18 lives life NNS 7960 13050 19 , , , 7960 13050 20 it -PRON- PRP 7960 13050 21 is be VBZ 7960 13050 22 said say VBN 7960 13050 23 , , , 7960 13050 24 of of IN 7960 13050 25 more more 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A.D. NNP 7960 13053 1 The the DT 7960 13053 2 episode episode NN 7960 13053 3 known know VBN 7960 13053 4 as as IN 7960 13053 5 the the DT 7960 13053 6 massacre massacre NN 7960 13053 7 of of IN 7960 13053 8 St. St. NNP 7960 13053 9 Bartholomew Bartholomew NNP 7960 13053 10 's 's POS 7960 13053 11 Day Day NNP 7960 13053 12 illustrates illustrate VBZ 7960 13053 13 the the DT 7960 13053 14 extremes extreme NNS 7960 13053 15 to to TO 7960 13053 16 which which WDT 7960 13053 17 political political JJ 7960 13053 18 ambition ambition NN 7960 13053 19 and and CC 7960 13053 20 religious religious JJ 7960 13053 21 bigotry bigotry NN 7960 13053 22 could could MD 7960 13053 23 lead lead VB 7960 13053 24 . . . 7960 13054 1 The the DT 7960 13054 2 massacre massacre NN 7960 13054 3 was be VBD 7960 13054 4 an an DT 7960 13054 5 attempt attempt NN 7960 13054 6 to to TO 7960 13054 7 extirpate extirpate VB 7960 13054 8 the the DT 7960 13054 9 Huguenots huguenot NNS 7960 13054 10 , , , 7960 13054 11 root root NN 7960 13054 12 and and CC 7960 13054 13 branch branch NN 7960 13054 14 , , , 7960 13054 15 at at IN 7960 13054 16 a a DT 7960 13054 17 time time NN 7960 13054 18 when when WRB 7960 13054 19 peace peace NN 7960 13054 20 prevailed prevail VBD 7960 13054 21 between between IN 7960 13054 22 them -PRON- PRP 7960 13054 23 and and CC 7960 13054 24 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 13054 25 opponents opponent NNS 7960 13054 26 . . . 7960 13055 1 The the DT 7960 13055 2 person person NN 7960 13055 3 primarily primarily RB 7960 13055 4 responsible responsible JJ 7960 13055 5 for for IN 7960 13055 6 it -PRON- PRP 7960 13055 7 was be VBD 7960 13055 8 Catherine Catherine NNP 7960 13055 9 de de IN 7960 13055 10 ' ' '' 7960 13055 11 Medici Medici NNP 7960 13055 12 , , , 7960 13055 13 mother mother NN 7960 13055 14 of of IN 7960 13055 15 Charles Charles NNP 7960 13055 16 IX IX NNP 7960 13055 17 ( ( -LRB- 7960 13055 18 1560 1560 CD 7960 13055 19 - - SYM 7960 13055 20 1574 1574 CD 7960 13055 21 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 13055 22 ) ) -RRB- 7960 13055 23 , , , 7960 13055 24 the the DT 7960 13055 25 youthful youthful JJ 7960 13055 26 king king NN 7960 13055 27 of of IN 7960 13055 28 France France NNP 7960 13055 29 . . . 7960 13056 1 Charles Charles NNP 7960 13056 2 had have VBD 7960 13056 3 begun begin VBN 7960 13056 4 to to TO 7960 13056 5 cast cast VB 7960 13056 6 off off RP 7960 13056 7 the the DT 7960 13056 8 sway sway NN 7960 13056 9 of of IN 7960 13056 10 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 13056 11 mother mother NN 7960 13056 12 and and CC 7960 13056 13 to to TO 7960 13056 14 come come VB 7960 13056 15 under under IN 7960 13056 16 the the DT 7960 13056 17 influence influence NN 7960 13056 18 of of IN 7960 13056 19 Admiral Admiral NNP 7960 13056 20 de de NNP 7960 13056 21 Coligny Coligny NNP 7960 13056 22 , , , 7960 13056 23 the the DT 7960 13056 24 most most RBS 7960 13056 25 eminent eminent JJ 7960 13056 26 of of IN 7960 13056 27 the the DT 7960 13056 28 Huguenots Huguenots NNPS 7960 13056 29 . . . 7960 13057 1 To to TO 7960 13057 2 regain regain VB 7960 13057 3 her -PRON- PRP$ 7960 13057 4 power power NN 7960 13057 5 Catherine Catherine NNP 7960 13057 6 first first RB 7960 13057 7 tried try VBD 7960 13057 8 to to TO 7960 13057 9 have have VB 7960 13057 10 Coligny Coligny NNP 7960 13057 11 murdered murder VBN 7960 13057 12 . . . 7960 13058 1 When when WRB 7960 13058 2 the the DT 7960 13058 3 plot plot NN 7960 13058 4 failed fail VBD 7960 13058 5 , , , 7960 13058 6 she -PRON- PRP 7960 13058 7 invented invent VBD 7960 13058 8 the the DT 7960 13058 9 story story NN 7960 13058 10 of of IN 7960 13058 11 a a DT 7960 13058 12 great great JJ 7960 13058 13 Huguenot Huguenot NNP 7960 13058 14 uprising uprise VBG 7960 13058 15 and and CC 7960 13058 16 induced induce VBD 7960 13058 17 her -PRON- PRP$ 7960 13058 18 weak- weak- NN 7960 13058 19 minded minded JJ 7960 13058 20 son son NN 7960 13058 21 to to TO 7960 13058 22 authorize authorize VB 7960 13058 23 a a DT 7960 13058 24 wholesale wholesale JJ 7960 13058 25 butchery butchery NN 7960 13058 26 of of IN 7960 13058 27 Huguenots Huguenots NNP 7960 13058 28 . . . 7960 13059 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 13059 2 began begin VBD 7960 13059 3 in in IN 7960 13059 4 Paris Paris NNP 7960 13059 5 in in IN 7960 13059 6 the the DT 7960 13059 7 early early JJ 7960 13059 8 morning morning NN 7960 13059 9 of of IN 7960 13059 10 August August NNP 7960 13059 11 24 24 CD 7960 13059 12 , , , 7960 13059 13 1572 1572 CD 7960 13059 14 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 13059 15 ( ( -LRB- 7960 13059 16 St. St. NNP 7960 13059 17 Bartholomew Bartholomew NNP 7960 13059 18 's 's POS 7960 13059 19 Day Day NNP 7960 13059 20 ) ) -RRB- 7960 13059 21 , , , 7960 13059 22 and and CC 7960 13059 23 extended extend VBN 7960 13059 24 to to IN 7960 13059 25 the the DT 7960 13059 26 provinces province NNS 7960 13059 27 , , , 7960 13059 28 where where WRB 7960 13059 29 it -PRON- PRP 7960 13059 30 continued continue VBD 7960 13059 31 for for IN 7960 13059 32 several several JJ 7960 13059 33 weeks week NNS 7960 13059 34 . . . 7960 13060 1 Probably probably RB 7960 13060 2 ten ten CD 7960 13060 3 thousand thousand CD 7960 13060 4 Huguenots Huguenots NNPS 7960 13060 5 were be VBD 7960 13060 6 slain slay VBN 7960 13060 7 , , , 7960 13060 8 including include VBG 7960 13060 9 Coligny coligny VB 7960 13060 10 himself -PRON- PRP 7960 13060 11 . . . 7960 13061 1 But but CC 7960 13061 2 the the DT 7960 13061 3 deed deed NN 7960 13061 4 was be VBD 7960 13061 5 a a DT 7960 13061 6 blunder blunder NN 7960 13061 7 as as RB 7960 13061 8 well well RB 7960 13061 9 as as IN 7960 13061 10 a a DT 7960 13061 11 crime crime NN 7960 13061 12 . . . 7960 13062 1 The the DT 7960 13062 2 Huguenots Huguenots NNPS 7960 13062 3 took take VBD 7960 13062 4 up up RP 7960 13062 5 arms arm NNS 7960 13062 6 to to TO 7960 13062 7 defend defend VB 7960 13062 8 themselves -PRON- PRP 7960 13062 9 , , , 7960 13062 10 and and CC 7960 13062 11 France France NNP 7960 13062 12 again again RB 7960 13062 13 experienced experience VBD 7960 13062 14 all all PDT 7960 13062 15 the the DT 7960 13062 16 horrors horror NNS 7960 13062 17 of of IN 7960 13062 18 internecine internecine NN 7960 13062 19 strife strife NN 7960 13062 20 . . . 7960 13063 1 HENRY HENRY NNP 7960 13063 2 IV IV NNP 7960 13063 3 The the DT 7960 13063 4 death death NN 7960 13063 5 of of IN 7960 13063 6 Coligny Coligny NNP 7960 13063 7 transferred transfer VBD 7960 13063 8 the the DT 7960 13063 9 leadership leadership NN 7960 13063 10 of of IN 7960 13063 11 the the DT 7960 13063 12 Huguenots Huguenots NNPS 7960 13063 13 to to IN 7960 13063 14 Henry Henry NNP 7960 13063 15 Bourbon Bourbon NNP 7960 13063 16 , , , 7960 13063 17 king king NN 7960 13063 18 of of IN 7960 13063 19 Navarre Navarre NNP 7960 13063 20 . . . 7960 13064 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 13064 2 34 34 CD 7960 13064 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 13064 4 Seventeen seventeen CD 7960 13064 5 years year NNS 7960 13064 6 after after IN 7960 13064 7 the the DT 7960 13064 8 massacre massacre NN 7960 13064 9 of of IN 7960 13064 10 St. St. NNP 7960 13064 11 Bartholomew Bartholomew NNP 7960 13064 12 's 's POS 7960 13064 13 Day day NN 7960 13064 14 , , , 7960 13064 15 he -PRON- PRP 7960 13064 16 inherited inherit VBD 7960 13064 17 the the DT 7960 13064 18 French french JJ 7960 13064 19 crown crown NN 7960 13064 20 as as IN 7960 13064 21 Henry Henry NNP 7960 13064 22 IV IV NNP 7960 13064 23 . . . 7960 13065 1 The the DT 7960 13065 2 Roman Roman NNPS 7960 13065 3 Catholics Catholics NNPS 7960 13065 4 would would MD 7960 13065 5 not not RB 7960 13065 6 accept accept VB 7960 13065 7 a a DT 7960 13065 8 Protestant protestant JJ 7960 13065 9 ruler ruler NN 7960 13065 10 and and CC 7960 13065 11 continued continue VBD 7960 13065 12 the the DT 7960 13065 13 conflict conflict NN 7960 13065 14 . . . 7960 13066 1 Henry Henry NNP 7960 13066 2 soon soon RB 7960 13066 3 realized realize VBD 7960 13066 4 that that IN 7960 13066 5 only only RB 7960 13066 6 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 13066 7 conversion conversion NN 7960 13066 8 to to IN 7960 13066 9 the the DT 7960 13066 10 faith faith NN 7960 13066 11 of of IN 7960 13066 12 the the DT 7960 13066 13 majority majority NN 7960 13066 14 of of IN 7960 13066 15 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 13066 16 subjects subject NNS 7960 13066 17 would would MD 7960 13066 18 bring bring VB 7960 13066 19 a a DT 7960 13066 20 lasting lasting JJ 7960 13066 21 peace peace NN 7960 13066 22 . . . 7960 13067 1 Religious religious JJ 7960 13067 2 opinions opinion NNS 7960 13067 3 had have VBD 7960 13067 4 always always RB 7960 13067 5 sat sit VBN 7960 13067 6 lightly lightly RB 7960 13067 7 upon upon IN 7960 13067 8 him -PRON- PRP 7960 13067 9 , , , 7960 13067 10 and and CC 7960 13067 11 he -PRON- PRP 7960 13067 12 found find VBD 7960 13067 13 no no DT 7960 13067 14 great great JJ 7960 13067 15 difficulty difficulty NN 7960 13067 16 in in IN 7960 13067 17 becoming become VBG 7960 13067 18 a a DT 7960 13067 19 Roman roman JJ 7960 13067 20 Catholic Catholic NNP 7960 13067 21 . . . 7960 13068 1 " " `` 7960 13068 2 Paris Paris NNP 7960 13068 3 , , , 7960 13068 4 " " '' 7960 13068 5 said say VBD 7960 13068 6 Henry Henry NNP 7960 13068 7 , , , 7960 13068 8 " " `` 7960 13068 9 was be VBD 7960 13068 10 well well RB 7960 13068 11 worth worth JJ 7960 13068 12 a a DT 7960 13068 13 mass mass NN 7960 13068 14 . . . 7960 13068 15 " " '' 7960 13069 1 Opposition opposition NN 7960 13069 2 to to IN 7960 13069 3 the the DT 7960 13069 4 king king NN 7960 13069 5 soon soon RB 7960 13069 6 collapsed collapse VBD 7960 13069 7 , , , 7960 13069 8 and and CC 7960 13069 9 the the DT 7960 13069 10 Huguenot Huguenot NNP 7960 13069 11 wars war NNS 7960 13069 12 came come VBD 7960 13069 13 to to IN 7960 13069 14 an an DT 7960 13069 15 end end NN 7960 13069 16 . . . 7960 13070 1 EDICT EDICT NNP 7960 13070 2 OF of IN 7960 13070 3 NANTES NANTES NNP 7960 13070 4 , , , 7960 13070 5 1598 1598 CD 7960 13070 6 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 13071 1 Though though IN 7960 13071 2 now now RB 7960 13071 3 a a DT 7960 13071 4 Roman Roman NNP 7960 13071 5 Catholic Catholic NNP 7960 13071 6 , , , 7960 13071 7 Henry Henry NNP 7960 13071 8 did do VBD 7960 13071 9 not not RB 7960 13071 10 break break VB 7960 13071 11 with with IN 7960 13071 12 the the DT 7960 13071 13 Huguenots huguenot NNS 7960 13071 14 . . . 7960 13072 1 In in IN 7960 13072 2 1598 1598 CD 7960 13072 3 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 13072 4 he -PRON- PRP 7960 13072 5 issued issue VBD 7960 13072 6 in in IN 7960 13072 7 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 13072 8 interest interest NN 7960 13072 9 the the DT 7960 13072 10 celebrated celebrated JJ 7960 13072 11 Edict Edict NNP 7960 13072 12 of of IN 7960 13072 13 Nantes Nantes NNP 7960 13072 14 . . . 7960 13073 1 By by IN 7960 13073 2 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 13073 3 terms term NNS 7960 13073 4 the the DT 7960 13073 5 Huguenots huguenot NNS 7960 13073 6 were be VBD 7960 13073 7 to to TO 7960 13073 8 enjoy enjoy VB 7960 13073 9 freedom freedom NN 7960 13073 10 of of IN 7960 13073 11 private private JJ 7960 13073 12 worship worship NN 7960 13073 13 everywhere everywhere RB 7960 13073 14 in in IN 7960 13073 15 France France NNP 7960 13073 16 , , , 7960 13073 17 and and CC 7960 13073 18 freedom freedom NN 7960 13073 19 to to TO 7960 13073 20 worship worship VB 7960 13073 21 publicly publicly RB 7960 13073 22 in in IN 7960 13073 23 a a DT 7960 13073 24 large large JJ 7960 13073 25 number number NN 7960 13073 26 of of IN 7960 13073 27 villages village NNS 7960 13073 28 and and CC 7960 13073 29 towns town NNS 7960 13073 30 . . . 7960 13074 1 Only only RB 7960 13074 2 Roman Roman NNP 7960 13074 3 Catholic catholic JJ 7960 13074 4 services service NNS 7960 13074 5 , , , 7960 13074 6 however however RB 7960 13074 7 , , , 7960 13074 8 might may MD 7960 13074 9 be be VB 7960 13074 10 held hold VBN 7960 13074 11 in in IN 7960 13074 12 Paris Paris NNP 7960 13074 13 and and CC 7960 13074 14 at at IN 7960 13074 15 the the DT 7960 13074 16 royal royal JJ 7960 13074 17 court court NN 7960 13074 18 . . . 7960 13075 1 Though though IN 7960 13075 2 the the DT 7960 13075 3 edict edict NN 7960 13075 4 did do VBD 7960 13075 5 not not RB 7960 13075 6 grant grant VB 7960 13075 7 complete complete JJ 7960 13075 8 religious religious JJ 7960 13075 9 liberty liberty NN 7960 13075 10 , , , 7960 13075 11 it -PRON- PRP 7960 13075 12 marked mark VBD 7960 13075 13 an an DT 7960 13075 14 important important JJ 7960 13075 15 step step NN 7960 13075 16 in in IN 7960 13075 17 that that DT 7960 13075 18 direction direction NN 7960 13075 19 . . . 7960 13076 1 A a DT 7960 13076 2 great great JJ 7960 13076 3 European european JJ 7960 13076 4 state state NN 7960 13076 5 now now RB 7960 13076 6 for for IN 7960 13076 7 the the DT 7960 13076 8 first first JJ 7960 13076 9 time time NN 7960 13076 10 recognized recognize VBD 7960 13076 11 the the DT 7960 13076 12 principle principle NN 7960 13076 13 that that IN 7960 13076 14 two two CD 7960 13076 15 rival rival JJ 7960 13076 16 faiths faith NNS 7960 13076 17 might may MD 7960 13076 18 exist exist VB 7960 13076 19 side side NN 7960 13076 20 by by IN 7960 13076 21 side side NN 7960 13076 22 within within IN 7960 13076 23 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 13076 24 borders border NNS 7960 13076 25 . . . 7960 13077 1 The the DT 7960 13077 2 edict edict NN 7960 13077 3 was be VBD 7960 13077 4 thus thus RB 7960 13077 5 the the DT 7960 13077 6 most most RBS 7960 13077 7 important important JJ 7960 13077 8 act act NN 7960 13077 9 of of IN 7960 13077 10 toleration toleration NN 7960 13077 11 since since IN 7960 13077 12 the the DT 7960 13077 13 age age NN 7960 13077 14 of of IN 7960 13077 15 Constantine Constantine NNP 7960 13077 16 . . . 7960 13078 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 13078 2 35 35 CD 7960 13078 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 13078 4 FRANCE FRANCE NNP 7960 13078 5 UNDER under IN 7960 13078 6 HENRY HENRY NNP 7960 13078 7 IV IV NNP 7960 13078 8 , , , 7960 13078 9 1588 1588 CD 7960 13078 10 - - SYM 7960 13078 11 1610 1610 CD 7960 13078 12 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 13078 13 Having have VBG 7960 13078 14 settled settle VBN 7960 13078 15 the the DT 7960 13078 16 religious religious JJ 7960 13078 17 difficulties difficulty NNS 7960 13078 18 , , , 7960 13078 19 Henry Henry NNP 7960 13078 20 could could MD 7960 13078 21 take take VB 7960 13078 22 up up RP 7960 13078 23 the the DT 7960 13078 24 work work NN 7960 13078 25 of of IN 7960 13078 26 restoring restore VBG 7960 13078 27 prosperity prosperity NN 7960 13078 28 to to IN 7960 13078 29 distracted distract VBN 7960 13078 30 France France NNP 7960 13078 31 . . . 7960 13079 1 His -PRON- PRP$ 7960 13079 2 interest interest NN 7960 13079 3 in in IN 7960 13079 4 the the DT 7960 13079 5 welfare welfare NN 7960 13079 6 of of IN 7960 13079 7 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 13079 8 subjects subject NNS 7960 13079 9 gained gain VBN 7960 13079 10 for for IN 7960 13079 11 him -PRON- PRP 7960 13079 12 the the DT 7960 13079 13 name name NN 7960 13079 14 of of IN 7960 13079 15 " " `` 7960 13079 16 Good Good NNP 7960 13079 17 King King NNP 7960 13079 18 Henry Henry NNP 7960 13079 19 . . . 7960 13079 20 " " '' 7960 13080 1 With with IN 7960 13080 2 the the DT 7960 13080 3 help help NN 7960 13080 4 of of IN 7960 13080 5 Sully Sully NNP 7960 13080 6 , , , 7960 13080 7 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 13080 8 chief chief JJ 7960 13080 9 minister minister NN 7960 13080 10 , , , 7960 13080 11 the the DT 7960 13080 12 king king NN 7960 13080 13 reformed reform VBD 7960 13080 14 the the DT 7960 13080 15 finances finance NNS 7960 13080 16 and and CC 7960 13080 17 extinguished extinguish VBD 7960 13080 18 the the DT 7960 13080 19 public public JJ 7960 13080 20 debt debt NN 7960 13080 21 . . . 7960 13081 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 13081 2 opened open VBD 7960 13081 3 roads road NNS 7960 13081 4 , , , 7960 13081 5 built build VBN 7960 13081 6 bridges bridge NNS 7960 13081 7 , , , 7960 13081 8 and and CC 7960 13081 9 dug dug NNP 7960 13081 10 canals canal NNS 7960 13081 11 , , , 7960 13081 12 thus thus RB 7960 13081 13 aiding aid VBG 7960 13081 14 the the DT 7960 13081 15 restoration restoration NN 7960 13081 16 of of IN 7960 13081 17 agriculture agriculture NN 7960 13081 18 . . . 7960 13082 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 13082 2 also also RB 7960 13082 3 encouraged encourage VBD 7960 13082 4 commerce commerce NN 7960 13082 5 by by IN 7960 13082 6 means mean NNS 7960 13082 7 of of IN 7960 13082 8 royal royal JJ 7960 13082 9 bounties bounty NNS 7960 13082 10 for for IN 7960 13082 11 shipbuilding shipbuilding NN 7960 13082 12 . . . 7960 13083 1 The the DT 7960 13083 2 French French NNP 7960 13083 3 at at IN 7960 13083 4 this this DT 7960 13083 5 time time NN 7960 13083 6 began begin VBD 7960 13083 7 to to TO 7960 13083 8 have have VB 7960 13083 9 a a DT 7960 13083 10 navy navy NN 7960 13083 11 and and CC 7960 13083 12 to to TO 7960 13083 13 compete compete VB 7960 13083 14 with with IN 7960 13083 15 the the DT 7960 13083 16 Dutch Dutch NNP 7960 13083 17 and and CC 7960 13083 18 English English NNP 7960 13083 19 for for IN 7960 13083 20 trade trade NN 7960 13083 21 on on IN 7960 13083 22 the the DT 7960 13083 23 high high JJ 7960 13083 24 seas sea NNS 7960 13083 25 . . . 7960 13084 1 Henry Henry NNP 7960 13084 2 's 's POS 7960 13084 3 work work NN 7960 13084 4 of of IN 7960 13084 5 renovation renovation NN 7960 13084 6 was be VBD 7960 13084 7 cut cut VBN 7960 13084 8 short short JJ 7960 13084 9 in in IN 7960 13084 10 1610 1610 CD 7960 13084 11 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 13084 12 by by IN 7960 13084 13 an an DT 7960 13084 14 assassin assassin NN 7960 13084 15 's 's POS 7960 13084 16 dagger dagger NN 7960 13084 17 . . . 7960 13085 1 Under under IN 7960 13085 2 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 13085 3 son son NN 7960 13085 4 Louis Louis NNP 7960 13085 5 XIII XIII NNP 7960 13085 6 ( ( -LRB- 7960 13085 7 1610 1610 CD 7960 13085 8 - - SYM 7960 13085 9 1643 1643 CD 7960 13085 10 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 13085 11 ) ) -RRB- 7960 13085 12 , , , 7960 13085 13 a a DT 7960 13085 14 long long JJ 7960 13085 15 period period NN 7960 13085 16 of of IN 7960 13085 17 disorder disorder NN 7960 13085 18 followed follow VBD 7960 13085 19 , , , 7960 13085 20 until until IN 7960 13085 21 an an DT 7960 13085 22 able able JJ 7960 13085 23 minister minister NN 7960 13085 24 , , , 7960 13085 25 Cardinal Cardinal NNP 7960 13085 26 Richelieu Richelieu NNP 7960 13085 27 , , , 7960 13085 28 assumed assume VBD 7960 13085 29 the the DT 7960 13085 30 guidance guidance NN 7960 13085 31 of of IN 7960 13085 32 public public JJ 7960 13085 33 affairs affair NNS 7960 13085 34 . . . 7960 13086 1 Richelieu richelieu NN 7960 13086 2 for for IN 7960 13086 3 many many JJ 7960 13086 4 years year NNS 7960 13086 5 was be VBD 7960 13086 6 the the DT 7960 13086 7 real real JJ 7960 13086 8 ruler ruler NN 7960 13086 9 of of IN 7960 13086 10 France France NNP 7960 13086 11 . . . 7960 13087 1 His -PRON- PRP$ 7960 13087 2 foreign foreign JJ 7960 13087 3 policy policy NN 7960 13087 4 led lead VBD 7960 13087 5 to to IN 7960 13087 6 the the DT 7960 13087 7 intervention intervention NN 7960 13087 8 of of IN 7960 13087 9 that that DT 7960 13087 10 country country NN 7960 13087 11 in in IN 7960 13087 12 the the DT 7960 13087 13 international international JJ 7960 13087 14 conflict conflict NN 7960 13087 15 known know VBN 7960 13087 16 as as IN 7960 13087 17 the the DT 7960 13087 18 Thirty Thirty NNP 7960 13087 19 Years Years NNPS 7960 13087 20 ' ' POS 7960 13087 21 War war NN 7960 13087 22 . . . 7960 13088 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 13088 2 Illustration illustration NN 7960 13088 3 : : : 7960 13088 4 CARDINAL cardinal JJ 7960 13088 5 RICHELIEU richelieu NN 7960 13088 6 ( ( -LRB- 7960 13088 7 Louvre Louvre NNP 7960 13088 8 , , , 7960 13088 9 Paris Paris NNP 7960 13088 10 . . . 7960 13088 11 ) ) -RRB- 7960 13089 1 After after IN 7960 13089 2 the the DT 7960 13089 3 portrait portrait NN 7960 13089 4 by by IN 7960 13089 5 the the DT 7960 13089 6 Belgian belgian JJ 7960 13089 7 artist artist NN 7960 13089 8 , , , 7960 13089 9 Philippe Philippe NNP 7960 13089 10 de de NNP 7960 13089 11 Champaigne Champaigne NNP 7960 13089 12 . . . 7960 13089 13 ] ] -RRB- 7960 13090 1 240 240 CD 7960 13090 2 . . . 7960 13091 1 THE the DT 7960 13091 2 THIRTY THIRTY NNP 7960 13091 3 YEARS year NNS 7960 13091 4 ' ' POS 7960 13091 5 WAR WAR NNP 7960 13091 6 , , , 7960 13091 7 1618 1618 CD 7960 13091 8 - - SYM 7960 13091 9 1648 1648 CD 7960 13091 10 A.D. A.D. 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there EX 7960 13093 2 was be VBD 7960 13093 3 still still RB 7960 13093 4 room room NN 7960 13093 5 for for IN 7960 13093 6 bitter bitter JJ 7960 13093 7 disputes dispute NNS 7960 13093 8 , , , 7960 13093 9 especially especially RB 7960 13093 10 over over IN 7960 13093 11 the the DT 7960 13093 12 ownership ownership NN 7960 13093 13 of of IN 7960 13093 14 Church Church NNP 7960 13093 15 property property NN 7960 13093 16 which which WDT 7960 13093 17 had have VBD 7960 13093 18 been be VBN 7960 13093 19 secularized secularize VBN 7960 13093 20 in in IN 7960 13093 21 the the DT 7960 13093 22 course course NN 7960 13093 23 of of IN 7960 13093 24 the the DT 7960 13093 25 Reformation Reformation NNP 7960 13093 26 . . . 7960 13094 1 Furthermore furthermore RB 7960 13094 2 , , , 7960 13094 3 the the DT 7960 13094 4 peace peace NN 7960 13094 5 recognized recognize VBD 7960 13094 6 only only RB 7960 13094 7 Roman Roman NNP 7960 13094 8 Catholics Catholics NNPS 7960 13094 9 and and CC 7960 13094 10 Lutherans Lutherans NNPS 7960 13094 11 and and CC 7960 13094 12 gave give VBD 7960 13094 13 no no DT 7960 13094 14 rights right NNS 7960 13094 15 whatever whatever WDT 7960 13094 16 to to IN 7960 13094 17 the the DT 7960 13094 18 large large JJ 7960 13094 19 body body NN 7960 13094 20 of of IN 7960 13094 21 Calvinists calvinist NNS 7960 13094 22 . . . 7960 13095 1 The the DT 7960 13095 2 failure failure NN 7960 13095 3 of of IN 7960 13095 4 Lutherans Lutherans NNPS 7960 13095 5 and and CC 7960 13095 6 Calvinists Calvinists NNPS 7960 13095 7 to to TO 7960 13095 8 cooperate cooperate VB 7960 13095 9 weakened weakened JJ 7960 13095 10 German german JJ 7960 13095 11 Protestantism Protestantism NNP 7960 13095 12 just just RB 7960 13095 13 at at IN 7960 13095 14 the the DT 7960 13095 15 period period NN 7960 13095 16 when when WRB 7960 13095 17 the the DT 7960 13095 18 Counter Counter NNP 7960 13095 19 Reformation Reformation NNP 7960 13095 20 inspired inspire VBD 7960 13095 21 Roman 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Hapsburg NNP 7960 13097 11 emperors emperor NNS 7960 13097 12 , , , 7960 13097 13 who who WP 7960 13097 14 wished wish VBD 7960 13097 15 to to TO 7960 13097 16 unite unite VB 7960 13097 17 the the DT 7960 13097 18 German german JJ 7960 13097 19 states state NNS 7960 13097 20 under under IN 7960 13097 21 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 13097 22 control control NN 7960 13097 23 , , , 7960 13097 24 thus thus RB 7960 13097 25 restoring restore VBG 7960 13097 26 the the DT 7960 13097 27 Holy Holy NNP 7960 13097 28 Roman Roman NNP 7960 13097 29 Empire Empire NNP 7960 13097 30 to to IN 7960 13097 31 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 13097 32 former former JJ 7960 13097 33 proud proud JJ 7960 13097 34 position position NN 7960 13097 35 in in IN 7960 13097 36 the the DT 7960 13097 37 affairs affair NNS 7960 13097 38 of of IN 7960 13097 39 Europe Europe NNP 7960 13097 40 . . . 7960 13098 1 The the DT 7960 13098 2 Protestant protestant JJ 7960 13098 3 princes prince NNS 7960 13098 4 , , , 7960 13098 5 on on IN 7960 13098 6 the the DT 7960 13098 7 other other JJ 7960 13098 8 hand hand NN 7960 13098 9 , , , 7960 13098 10 wanted want VBD 7960 13098 11 to to TO 7960 13098 12 become become VB 7960 13098 13 independent independent JJ 7960 13098 14 sovereigns sovereign NNS 7960 13098 15 . . . 7960 13099 1 Hence hence RB 7960 13099 2 they -PRON- PRP 7960 13099 3 resented resent VBD 7960 13099 4 all all DT 7960 13099 5 efforts effort NNS 7960 13099 6 to to TO 7960 13099 7 extend extend VB 7960 13099 8 the the DT 7960 13099 9 imperial imperial JJ 7960 13099 10 authority authority NN 7960 13099 11 over over IN 7960 13099 12 them -PRON- PRP 7960 13099 13 . . . 7960 13100 1 THE the DT 7960 13100 2 BOHEMIAN BOHEMIAN NNS 7960 13100 3 REVOLT REVOLT VBD 7960 13100 4 The the DT 7960 13100 5 Thirty thirty CD 7960 13100 6 Years Years NNPS 7960 13100 7 ' ' POS 7960 13100 8 War War NNP 7960 13100 9 was be VBD 7960 13100 10 not not RB 7960 13100 11 so so RB 7960 13100 12 much much JJ 7960 13100 13 a a DT 7960 13100 14 single single JJ 7960 13100 15 conflict conflict NN 7960 13100 16 as as IN 7960 13100 17 a a DT 7960 13100 18 series series NN 7960 13100 19 of of IN 7960 13100 20 conflicts conflict NNS 7960 13100 21 , , , 7960 13100 22 which which WDT 7960 13100 23 ultimately ultimately RB 7960 13100 24 involved involve VBD 7960 13100 25 nearly nearly RB 7960 13100 26 all all DT 7960 13100 27 western western JJ 7960 13100 28 Europe Europe NNP 7960 13100 29 . . . 7960 13101 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 13101 2 began begin VBD 7960 13101 3 in in IN 7960 13101 4 Bohemia Bohemia NNP 7960 13101 5 , , , 7960 13101 6 where where WRB 7960 13101 7 Protestantism Protestantism NNP 7960 13101 8 had have VBD 7960 13101 9 not not RB 7960 13101 10 been be VBN 7960 13101 11 extinguished extinguish VBN 7960 13101 12 by by IN 7960 13101 13 the the DT 7960 13101 14 Hussite Hussite NNP 7960 13101 15 wars war NNS 7960 13101 16 . . . 7960 13102 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 13102 2 37 37 CD 7960 13102 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 13102 4 The the DT 7960 13102 5 Bohemian bohemian JJ 7960 13102 6 nobles noble NNS 7960 13102 7 , , , 7960 13102 8 many many DT 7960 13102 9 of of IN 7960 13102 10 whom whom WP 7960 13102 11 were be VBD 7960 13102 12 Calvinists Calvinists NNPS 7960 13102 13 , , , 7960 13102 14 revolted revolt VBN 7960 13102 15 against against IN 7960 13102 16 Hapsburg Hapsburg NNP 7960 13102 17 rule rule NN 7960 13102 18 and and CC 7960 13102 19 proclaimed proclaim VBD 7960 13102 20 the the DT 7960 13102 21 independence independence NN 7960 13102 22 of of IN 7960 13102 23 Bohemia Bohemia NNP 7960 13102 24 . . . 7960 13103 1 The the DT 7960 13103 2 German german JJ 7960 13103 3 Lutherans Lutherans NNPS 7960 13103 4 gave give VBD 7960 13103 5 them -PRON- PRP 7960 13103 6 no no DT 7960 13103 7 aid aid NN 7960 13103 8 , , , 7960 13103 9 however however RB 7960 13103 10 , , , 7960 13103 11 and and CC 7960 13103 12 the the DT 7960 13103 13 emperor emperor NN 7960 13103 14 , , , 7960 13103 15 Ferdinand Ferdinand NNP 7960 13103 16 II II NNP 7960 13103 17 , , , 7960 13103 18 easily easily RB 7960 13103 19 put put VB 7960 13103 20 down down RP 7960 13103 21 the the DT 7960 13103 22 insurrection insurrection NN 7960 13103 23 . . . 7960 13104 1 Many many JJ 7960 13104 2 thousands thousand NNS 7960 13104 3 of of IN 7960 13104 4 Protestants Protestants NNPS 7960 13104 5 were be VBD 7960 13104 6 now now RB 7960 13104 7 driven drive VBN 7960 13104 8 into into IN 7960 13104 9 exile exile NN 7960 13104 10 . . . 7960 13105 1 Those those DT 7960 13105 2 who who WP 7960 13105 3 remained remain VBD 7960 13105 4 in in IN 7960 13105 5 Bohemia Bohemia NNP 7960 13105 6 were be VBD 7960 13105 7 obliged oblige VBN 7960 13105 8 to to TO 7960 13105 9 accept accept VB 7960 13105 10 Roman Roman NNP 7960 13105 11 Catholicism Catholicism NNP 7960 13105 12 . . . 7960 13106 1 Thus thus RB 7960 13106 2 one one CD 7960 13106 3 more more JJR 7960 13106 4 country country NN 7960 13106 5 was be VBD 7960 13106 6 lost lose VBN 7960 13106 7 to to IN 7960 13106 8 Protestantism Protestantism NNP 7960 13106 9 . . . 7960 13107 1 DANISH DANISH NNS 7960 13107 2 INTERVENTION intervention NN 7960 13107 3 The the DT 7960 13107 4 failure failure NN 7960 13107 5 of of IN 7960 13107 6 the the DT 7960 13107 7 Bohemian bohemian JJ 7960 13107 8 revolt revolt NN 7960 13107 9 aroused arouse VBD 7960 13107 10 the the DT 7960 13107 11 greatest great JJS 7960 13107 12 alarm alarm NN 7960 13107 13 in in IN 7960 13107 14 Germany Germany NNP 7960 13107 15 . . . 7960 13108 1 Ferdinand Ferdinand NNP 7960 13108 2 threatened threaten VBD 7960 13108 3 to to TO 7960 13108 4 follow follow VB 7960 13108 5 in in IN 7960 13108 6 the the DT 7960 13108 7 footsteps footstep NNS 7960 13108 8 of of IN 7960 13108 9 Charles Charles NNP 7960 13108 10 V V NNP 7960 13108 11 and and CC 7960 13108 12 to to TO 7960 13108 13 crush crush VB 7960 13108 14 Protestantism Protestantism NNP 7960 13108 15 in in IN 7960 13108 16 the the DT 7960 13108 17 land land NN 7960 13108 18 of 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13147 20 Germans Germans NNPS 7960 13147 21 . . . 7960 13148 1 The the DT 7960 13148 2 failure failure NN 7960 13148 3 of of IN 7960 13148 4 the the DT 7960 13148 5 Hapsburgs Hapsburgs NNPS 7960 13148 6 in in IN 7960 13148 7 the the DT 7960 13148 8 Thirty Thirty NNP 7960 13148 9 Years Years NNPS 7960 13148 10 ' ' POS 7960 13148 11 War War NNP 7960 13148 12 long long RB 7960 13148 13 postponed postpone VBD 7960 13148 14 the the DT 7960 13148 15 unification unification NN 7960 13148 16 of of IN 7960 13148 17 Germany Germany NNP 7960 13148 18 . . . 7960 13149 1 EXHAUSTION exhaustion NN 7960 13149 2 OF of IN 7960 13149 3 GERMANY GERMANY NNP 7960 13149 4 During during IN 7960 13149 5 the the DT 7960 13149 6 Thirty Thirty NNP 7960 13149 7 Years Years NNPS 7960 13149 8 ' ' POS 7960 13149 9 War War NNP 7960 13149 10 Germany Germany NNP 7960 13149 11 had have VBD 7960 13149 12 seen see VBN 7960 13149 13 most most JJS 7960 13149 14 of of IN 7960 13149 15 the the DT 7960 13149 16 fighting 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loss NN 7960 13152 3 of of IN 7960 13152 4 life life NN 7960 13152 5 was be VBD 7960 13152 6 partly partly RB 7960 13152 7 due due JJ 7960 13152 8 to to IN 7960 13152 9 the the DT 7960 13152 10 fearful fearful JJ 7960 13152 11 epidemics epidemic NNS 7960 13152 12 , , , 7960 13152 13 such such JJ 7960 13152 14 as as IN 7960 13152 15 typhus typhus NN 7960 13152 16 fever fever NN 7960 13152 17 and and CC 7960 13152 18 the the DT 7960 13152 19 bubonic bubonic JJ 7960 13152 20 plague plague NN 7960 13152 21 , , , 7960 13152 22 which which WDT 7960 13152 23 spread spread VBD 7960 13152 24 over over IN 7960 13152 25 the the DT 7960 13152 26 land land NN 7960 13152 27 in in IN 7960 13152 28 the the DT 7960 13152 29 wake wake NN 7960 13152 30 of of IN 7960 13152 31 the the DT 7960 13152 32 invading invade VBG 7960 13152 33 armies army NNS 7960 13152 34 . . . 7960 13153 1 Hundreds hundred NNS 7960 13153 2 of of IN 7960 13153 3 villages village NNS 7960 13153 4 were be VBD 7960 13153 5 destroyed 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, , , 7960 13156 25 indeed indeed RB 7960 13156 26 , , , 7960 13156 27 came come VBD 7960 13156 28 only only RB 7960 13156 29 in in IN 7960 13156 30 the the DT 7960 13156 31 nineteenth nineteenth JJ 7960 13156 32 century century NN 7960 13156 33 . . . 7960 13157 1 RISE RISE NNP 7960 13157 2 OF of IN 7960 13157 3 INTERNATIONAL INTERNATIONAL NNP 7960 13157 4 LAW law NN 7960 13157 5 The the DT 7960 13157 6 savagery savagery NN 7960 13157 7 displayed display VBN 7960 13157 8 by by IN 7960 13157 9 all all DT 7960 13157 10 participants participant NNS 7960 13157 11 in in IN 7960 13157 12 the the DT 7960 13157 13 Thirty Thirty NNP 7960 13157 14 Years Years NNPS 7960 13157 15 ' ' POS 7960 13157 16 War war NN 7960 13157 17 could could MD 7960 13157 18 not not RB 7960 13157 19 but but RB 7960 13157 20 impress impress VB 7960 13157 21 thinking think VBG 7960 13157 22 men man NNS 7960 13157 23 with with IN 7960 13157 24 the the DT 7960 13157 25 necessity necessity NN 7960 13157 26 of of IN 7960 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A.D. 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Coligny Coligny NNP 7960 13173 15 ; ; : 7960 13173 16 Duke Duke NNP 7960 13173 17 of of IN 7960 13173 18 Alva Alva NNP 7960 13173 19 ; ; : 7960 13173 20 Richelieu Richelieu NNP 7960 13173 21 ; ; : 7960 13173 22 St. St. NNP 7960 13173 23 Ignatius Ignatius NNP 7960 13173 24 Loyola Loyola NNP 7960 13173 25 ; ; : 7960 13173 26 Boniface Boniface NNP 7960 13173 27 VIII viii NN 7960 13173 28 ; ; : 7960 13173 29 Frederick Frederick NNP 7960 13173 30 the the DT 7960 13173 31 Wise Wise NNP 7960 13173 32 ; ; : 7960 13173 33 Gustavus Gustavus NNP 7960 13173 34 Adolphus Adolphus NNP 7960 13173 35 ; ; : 7960 13173 36 and and CC 7960 13173 37 Mary Mary NNP 7960 13173 38 Queen Queen NNP 7960 13173 39 of of IN 7960 13173 40 Scots Scots NNPS 7960 13173 41 ? ? . 7960 13174 1 6 6 CD 7960 13174 2 . . . 7960 13175 1 Compare compare VB 7960 13175 2 the the DT 7960 13175 3 scene scene NN 7960 13175 4 at at IN 7960 13175 5 Anagni Anagni NNP 7960 13175 6 with with IN 7960 13175 7 the the DT 7960 13175 8 scene 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7960 13200 16 of of IN 7960 13200 17 Nicaea Nicaea NNP 7960 13200 18 ? ? . 7960 13201 1 19 19 CD 7960 13201 2 . . . 7960 13202 1 Mention mention VB 7960 13202 2 some some DT 7960 13202 3 differences difference NNS 7960 13202 4 between between IN 7960 13202 5 the the DT 7960 13202 6 Society Society NNP 7960 13202 7 of of IN 7960 13202 8 Jesus Jesus NNP 7960 13202 9 and and CC 7960 13202 10 earlier early JJR 7960 13202 11 monastic monastic JJ 7960 13202 12 orders order NNS 7960 13202 13 . . . 7960 13203 1 20 20 CD 7960 13203 2 . . . 7960 13204 1 Compare compare VB 7960 13204 2 the the DT 7960 13204 3 Edict Edict NNP 7960 13204 4 of of IN 7960 13204 5 Nantes Nantes NNPS 7960 13204 6 with with IN 7960 13204 7 the the DT 7960 13204 8 Peace Peace NNP 7960 13204 9 of of IN 7960 13204 10 Augsburg Augsburg NNP 7960 13204 11 . . . 7960 13205 1 21 21 CD 7960 13205 2 . . . 7960 13206 1 Show show VB 7960 13206 2 how how WRB 7960 13206 3 political political JJ 7960 13206 4 , , , 7960 13206 5 as as RB 7960 13206 6 well well RB 7960 13206 7 as as IN 7960 13206 8 religious religious JJ 7960 13206 9 , , , 7960 13206 10 motives motive NNS 7960 13206 11 affected affect VBD 7960 13206 12 the the DT 7960 13206 13 revolt revolt NN 7960 13206 14 of of IN 7960 13206 15 the the DT 7960 13206 16 Netherlands Netherlands NNP 7960 13206 17 , , , 7960 13206 18 the the DT 7960 13206 19 Huguenot Huguenot NNP 7960 13206 20 wars war NNS 7960 13206 21 , , , 7960 13206 22 and and CC 7960 13206 23 the the DT 7960 13206 24 Thirty Thirty NNP 7960 13206 25 Years Years NNPS 7960 13206 26 ' ' POS 7960 13206 27 War war NN 7960 13206 28 . . . 7960 13207 1 22 22 CD 7960 13207 2 . . . 7960 13208 1 Compare compare VB 7960 13208 2 the the DT 7960 13208 3 effects effect NNS 7960 13208 4 of of IN 7960 13208 5 the the DT 7960 13208 6 Thirty Thirty NNP 7960 13208 7 Years Years NNPS 7960 13208 8 ' ' POS 7960 13208 9 War War NNP 7960 13208 10 on on IN 7960 13208 11 Germany Germany NNP 7960 13208 12 with with IN 7960 13208 13 the the DT 7960 13208 14 effects effect NNS 7960 13208 15 of of IN 7960 13208 16 the the DT 7960 13208 17 Hundred Hundred NNP 7960 13208 18 Years Years NNPS 7960 13208 19 ' ' POS 7960 13208 20 War war NN 7960 13208 21 on on IN 7960 13208 22 France France NNP 7960 13208 23 . . . 7960 13209 1 23 23 CD 7960 13209 2 . . . 7960 13210 1 What what WP 7960 13210 2 would would MD 7960 13210 3 you -PRON- PRP 7960 13210 4 say say VB 7960 13210 5 of of IN 7960 13210 6 Holbein Holbein NNP 7960 13210 7 's 's POS 7960 13210 8 success success NN 7960 13210 9 as as IN 7960 13210 10 a a DT 7960 13210 11 portrait portrait NN 7960 13210 12 painter painter NN 7960 13210 13 ( ( -LRB- 7960 13210 14 illustrations illustration NNS 7960 13210 15 pages page NNS 7960 13210 16 651 651 CD 7960 13210 17 , , , 7960 13210 18 658 658 CD 7960 13210 19 ) ) -RRB- 7960 13210 20 ? ? . 7960 13211 1 FOOTNOTES FOOTNOTES NNP 7960 13211 2 [ [ -LRB- 7960 13211 3 1 1 CD 7960 13211 4 ] ] -RRB- 7960 13211 5 Webster Webster NNP 7960 13211 6 , , , 7960 13211 7 _ _ NNP 7960 13211 8 Readings Readings NNP 7960 13211 9 in in IN 7960 13211 10 Medieval Medieval NNP 7960 13211 11 and and CC 7960 13211 12 Modern Modern NNP 7960 13211 13 History History NNP 7960 13211 14 _ _ NNP 7960 13211 15 , , , 7960 13211 16 chapter chapter NN 7960 13211 17 xxiii xxiii NN 7960 13211 18 , , , 7960 13211 19 " " `` 7960 13211 20 Martin Martin NNP 7960 13211 21 Luther Luther NNP 7960 13211 22 and and CC 7960 13211 23 the the DT 7960 13211 24 Beginning beginning NN 7960 13211 25 of of IN 7960 13211 26 the the DT 7960 13211 27 Reformation Reformation NNP 7960 13211 28 " " '' 7960 13211 29 ; ; : 7960 13211 30 chapter chapter NN 7960 13211 31 xxiv xxiv NNP 7960 13211 32 , , , 7960 13211 33 " " `` 7960 13211 34 England England NNP 7960 13211 35 in in IN 7960 13211 36 the the DT 7960 13211 37 Age Age NNP 7960 13211 38 of of IN 7960 13211 39 Elizabeth Elizabeth NNP 7960 13211 40 . . . 7960 13211 41 " " '' 7960 13212 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 13212 2 2 2 LS 7960 13212 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 13212 4 See see VB 7960 13212 5 page page NN 7960 13212 6 514 514 CD 7960 13212 7 . . . 7960 13213 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 13213 2 3 3 LS 7960 13213 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 13213 4 See see VB 7960 13213 5 page page NN 7960 13213 6 591 591 CD 7960 13213 7 . . . 7960 13214 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 13214 2 4 4 CD 7960 13214 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 13214 4 _ _ NNP 7960 13214 5 Purgatorio Purgatorio NNP 7960 13214 6 _ _ NNP 7960 13214 7 , , , 7960 13214 8 xx xx NNP 7960 13214 9 , , , 7960 13214 10 88 88 CD 7960 13214 11 - - SYM 7960 13214 12 90 90 CD 7960 13214 13 . . . 7960 13215 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 13215 2 5 5 LS 7960 13215 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 13215 4 See see VB 7960 13215 5 pages page NNS 7960 13215 6 36 36 CD 7960 13215 7 - - SYM 7960 13215 8 37 37 CD 7960 13215 9 . . . 7960 13216 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 13216 2 6 6 CD 7960 13216 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 13216 4 See see VB 7960 13216 5 page page NN 7960 13216 6 594 594 CD 7960 13216 7 . . . 7960 13217 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 13217 2 7 7 LS 7960 13217 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 13217 4 See see VB 7960 13217 5 page page NN 7960 13217 6 600 600 CD 7960 13217 7 . . . 7960 13218 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 13218 2 8 8 LS 7960 13218 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 13218 4 See see VB 7960 13218 5 page page NN 7960 13218 6 344 344 CD 7960 13218 7 . . . 7960 13219 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 13219 2 9 9 CD 7960 13219 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 13219 4 See see VB 7960 13219 5 page page NN 7960 13219 6 641 641 CD 7960 13219 7 . . . 7960 13220 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 13220 2 10 10 CD 7960 13220 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 13220 4 See see VB 7960 13220 5 page page NN 7960 13220 6 468 468 CD 7960 13220 7 . . . 7960 13221 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 13221 2 11 11 CD 7960 13221 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 13221 4 See see VB 7960 13221 5 page page NN 7960 13221 6 611 611 CD 7960 13221 7 . . . 7960 13222 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 13222 2 12 12 CD 7960 13222 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 13222 4 See see VB 7960 13222 5 page page NN 7960 13222 6 455 455 CD 7960 13222 7 . . . 7960 13223 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 13223 2 13 13 CD 7960 13223 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 13223 4 See see VB 7960 13223 5 page page NN 7960 13223 6 441 441 CD 7960 13223 7 . . . 7960 13224 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 13224 2 14 14 CD 7960 13224 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 13224 4 See see VB 7960 13224 5 page page NN 7960 13224 6 443 443 CD 7960 13224 7 . . . 7960 13225 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 13225 2 15 15 CD 7960 13225 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 13225 4 His -PRON- PRP$ 7960 13225 5 hymn hymn NN 7960 13225 6 _ _ NNP 7960 13225 7 Ein Ein NNP 7960 13225 8 feste feste NN 7960 13225 9 Burg Burg NNP 7960 13225 10 ist ist NN 7960 13225 11 unser unser NN 7960 13225 12 Gott Gott NNP 7960 13225 13 _ _ NNP 7960 13225 14 ( ( -LRB- 7960 13225 15 " " `` 7960 13225 16 A a DT 7960 13225 17 mighty mighty JJ 7960 13225 18 fortress fortress NN 7960 13225 19 is be VBZ 7960 13225 20 our -PRON- PRP$ 7960 13225 21 God God NNP 7960 13225 22 " " '' 7960 13225 23 ) ) -RRB- 7960 13225 24 has have VBZ 7960 13225 25 been be VBN 7960 13225 26 called call VBN 7960 13225 27 " " `` 7960 13225 28 the the DT 7960 13225 29 Marseillaise Marseillaise NNP 7960 13225 30 of of IN 7960 13225 31 the the DT 7960 13225 32 Reformation Reformation NNP 7960 13225 33 . . . 7960 13225 34 " " '' 7960 13226 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 13226 2 16 16 CD 7960 13226 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 13226 4 See see VB 7960 13226 5 page page NN 7960 13226 6 527 527 CD 7960 13226 7 . . . 7960 13227 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 13227 2 17 17 CD 7960 13227 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 13227 4 See see VB 7960 13227 5 page page NN 7960 13227 6 518 518 CD 7960 13227 7 . . . 7960 13228 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 13228 2 18 18 CD 7960 13228 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 13228 4 See see VB 7960 13228 5 page page NN 7960 13228 6 453 453 CD 7960 13228 7 . . . 7960 13229 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 13229 2 19 19 CD 7960 13229 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 13229 4 See see VB 7960 13229 5 page page NN 7960 13229 6 613 613 CD 7960 13229 7 . . . 7960 13230 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 13230 2 20 20 CD 7960 13230 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 13230 4 Churches church NNS 7960 13230 5 governed govern VBN 7960 13230 6 by by IN 7960 13230 7 assemblies assembly NNS 7960 13230 8 of of IN 7960 13230 9 presbyters presbyter NNS 7960 13230 10 were be VBD 7960 13230 11 called call VBN 7960 13230 12 Presbyterian Presbyterian NNP 7960 13230 13 ; ; : 7960 13230 14 those those DT 7960 13230 15 which which WDT 7960 13230 16 allowed allow VBD 7960 13230 17 each each DT 7960 13230 18 congregation congregation NN 7960 13230 19 to to TO 7960 13230 20 rule rule VB 7960 13230 21 itself -PRON- PRP 7960 13230 22 were be VBD 7960 13230 23 called call VBN 7960 13230 24 Congregational Congregational NNP 7960 13230 25 . . . 7960 13231 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 13231 2 21 21 CD 7960 13231 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 13231 4 In in IN 7960 13231 5 1773 1773 CD 7960 13231 6 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 13231 7 the the DT 7960 13231 8 pope pope NN 7960 13231 9 suppressed suppress VBD 7960 13231 10 the the DT 7960 13231 11 society society NN 7960 13231 12 , , , 7960 13231 13 on on IN 7960 13231 14 the the DT 7960 13231 15 ground ground NN 7960 13231 16 that that IN 7960 13231 17 it -PRON- PRP 7960 13231 18 had have VBD 7960 13231 19 outgrown outgrow VBN 7960 13231 20 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 13231 21 usefulness usefulness NN 7960 13231 22 . . . 7960 13232 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 13232 2 was be VBD 7960 13232 3 revived revive VBN 7960 13232 4 in in IN 7960 13232 5 many many JJ 7960 13232 6 European european JJ 7960 13232 7 countries country NNS 7960 13232 8 during during IN 7960 13232 9 the the DT 7960 13232 10 nineteenth nineteenth JJ 7960 13232 11 century century NN 7960 13232 12 . . . 7960 13233 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 13233 2 22 22 CD 7960 13233 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 13233 4 Until until IN 7960 13233 5 the the DT 7960 13233 6 Vatican Vatican NNP 7960 13233 7 Council Council NNP 7960 13233 8 , , , 7960 13233 9 held hold VBN 7960 13233 10 at at IN 7960 13233 11 Rome Rome NNP 7960 13233 12 in in IN 7960 13233 13 1869 1869 CD 7960 13233 14 - - SYM 7960 13233 15 1870 1870 CD 7960 13233 16 A A NNP 7960 13233 17 D. D. NNP 7960 13233 18 [ [ -LRB- 7960 13233 19 23 23 CD 7960 13233 20 ] ] -RRB- 7960 13233 21 See see VB 7960 13233 22 page page NN 7960 13233 23 572 572 CD 7960 13233 24 . . . 7960 13234 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 13234 2 24 24 CD 7960 13234 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 13234 4 See see VB 7960 13234 5 page page NN 7960 13234 6 440 440 CD 7960 13234 7 . . . 7960 13235 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 13235 2 25 25 CD 7960 13235 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 13235 4 See see VB 7960 13235 5 page page NN 7960 13235 6 656 656 CD 7960 13235 7 . . . 7960 13236 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 13236 2 26 26 CD 7960 13236 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 13236 4 See see VB 7960 13236 5 page page NN 7960 13236 6 677 677 CD 7960 13236 7 . . . 7960 13237 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 13237 2 27 27 CD 7960 13237 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 13237 4 See see VB 7960 13237 5 pages page NNS 7960 13237 6 550 550 CD 7960 13237 7 - - HYPH 7960 13237 8 552 552 CD 7960 13237 9 . . . 7960 13238 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 13238 2 28 28 CD 7960 13238 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 13238 4 See see VB 7960 13238 5 page page NN 7960 13238 6 511 511 CD 7960 13238 7 , , , 7960 13238 8 note note VB 7960 13238 9 1 1 CD 7960 13238 10 . . . 7960 13239 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 13239 2 29 29 CD 7960 13239 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 13239 4 See see VB 7960 13239 5 page page NN 7960 13239 6 639 639 CD 7960 13239 7 . . . 7960 13240 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 13240 2 30 30 CD 7960 13240 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 13240 4 Armada Armada NNP 7960 13240 5 was be VBD 7960 13240 6 a a DT 7960 13240 7 Spanish spanish JJ 7960 13240 8 name name NN 7960 13240 9 for for IN 7960 13240 10 any any DT 7960 13240 11 armed armed JJ 7960 13240 12 fleet fleet NN 7960 13240 13 . . . 7960 13241 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 13241 2 31 31 CD 7960 13241 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 13241 4 See see VB 7960 13241 5 page page NN 7960 13241 6 519 519 CD 7960 13241 7 . . . 7960 13242 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 13242 2 32 32 CD 7960 13242 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 13242 4 See see VB 7960 13242 5 page page NN 7960 13242 6 634 634 CD 7960 13242 7 . . . 7960 13243 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 13243 2 33 33 CD 7960 13243 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 13243 4 The the DT 7960 13243 5 origin origin NN 7960 13243 6 of of IN 7960 13243 7 the the DT 7960 13243 8 name name NN 7960 13243 9 is be VBZ 7960 13243 10 not not RB 7960 13243 11 known know VBN 7960 13243 12 with with IN 7960 13243 13 certainty certainty NN 7960 13243 14 . . . 7960 13244 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 13244 2 34 34 CD 7960 13244 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 13244 4 Navarre Navarre NNP 7960 13244 5 originally originally RB 7960 13244 6 formed form VBD 7960 13244 7 a a DT 7960 13244 8 small small JJ 7960 13244 9 kingdom kingdom NN 7960 13244 10 on on IN 7960 13244 11 both both DT 7960 13244 12 sides side NNS 7960 13244 13 of of IN 7960 13244 14 the the DT 7960 13244 15 Pyrenees Pyrenees NNPS 7960 13244 16 . . . 7960 13245 1 The the DT 7960 13245 2 part part NN 7960 13245 3 south south RB 7960 13245 4 of of IN 7960 13245 5 these these DT 7960 13245 6 mountains mountain NNS 7960 13245 7 was be VBD 7960 13245 8 acquired acquire VBN 7960 13245 9 by by IN 7960 13245 10 Spain Spain NNP 7960 13245 11 in in IN 7960 13245 12 1513 1513 CD 7960 13245 13 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 13245 14 See see VB 7960 13245 15 the the DT 7960 13245 16 map map NN 7960 13245 17 on on IN 7960 13245 18 page page NN 7960 13245 19 521 521 CD 7960 13245 20 . . . 7960 13246 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 13246 2 35 35 CD 7960 13246 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 13246 4 See see VB 7960 13246 5 page page NN 7960 13246 6 235 235 CD 7960 13246 7 . . . 7960 13247 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 13247 2 36 36 CD 7960 13247 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 13247 4 See see VB 7960 13247 5 page page NN 7960 13247 6 656 656 CD 7960 13247 7 . . . 7960 13248 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 13248 2 37 37 CD 7960 13248 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 13248 4 See see VB 7960 13248 5 page page NN 7960 13248 6 650 650 CD 7960 13248 7 . . . 7960 13249 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 13249 2 38 38 CD 7960 13249 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 13249 4 See see VB 7960 13249 5 page page NN 7960 13249 6 524 524 CD 7960 13249 7 , , , 7960 13249 8 note note VB 7960 13249 9 1 1 CD 7960 13249 10 . . . 7960 13250 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 13250 2 39 39 CD 7960 13250 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 13250 4 See see VB 7960 13250 5 page page NN 7960 13250 6 674 674 CD 7960 13250 7 . . . 7960 13251 1 CHAPTER chapter NN 7960 13251 2 XXVIII XXVIII NNP 7960 13251 3 ABSOLUTISM absolutism NN 7960 13251 4 IN in IN 7960 13251 5 FRANCE FRANCE NNP 7960 13251 6 AND and CC 7960 13251 7 ENGLAND ENGLAND NNP 7960 13251 8 1603 1603 CD 7960 13251 9 - - SYM 7960 13251 10 1715 1715 CD 7960 13251 11 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 13251 12 [ [ -LRB- 7960 13251 13 1 1 CD 7960 13251 14 ] ] -RRB- 7960 13251 15 241 241 CD 7960 13251 16 . . . 7960 13252 1 THE the DT 7960 13252 2 DIVINE DIVINE NNP 7960 13252 3 RIGHT RIGHT NNP 7960 13252 4 OF of IN 7960 13252 5 KINGS king NNS 7960 13252 6 ABSOLUTISM absolutism VBP 7960 13252 7 Most Most JJS 7960 13252 8 European european JJ 7960 13252 9 nations nation NNS 7960 13252 10 in in IN 7960 13252 11 the the DT 7960 13252 12 seventeenth seventeenth JJ 7960 13252 13 and and CC 7960 13252 14 eighteenth eighteenth JJ 7960 13252 15 centuries century NNS 7960 13252 16 accepted accept VBD 7960 13252 17 the the DT 7960 13252 18 principle principle NN 7960 13252 19 of of IN 7960 13252 20 absolutism absolutism NN 7960 13252 21 in in IN 7960 13252 22 government government NN 7960 13252 23 . . . 7960 13253 1 Absolutism absolutism NN 7960 13253 2 was be VBD 7960 13253 3 as as RB 7960 13253 4 popular popular JJ 7960 13253 5 then then RB 7960 13253 6 as as IN 7960 13253 7 democracy democracy NN 7960 13253 8 is be VBZ 7960 13253 9 to to IN 7960 13253 10 - - HYPH 7960 13253 11 day day NN 7960 13253 12 . . . 7960 13254 1 The the DT 7960 13254 2 rulers ruler NNS 7960 13254 3 of of IN 7960 13254 4 France France NNP 7960 13254 5 , , , 7960 13254 6 Spain Spain NNP 7960 13254 7 , , , 7960 13254 8 Portugal Portugal NNP 7960 13254 9 , , , 7960 13254 10 Austria Austria NNP 7960 13254 11 , , , 7960 13254 12 Scandinavia Scandinavia NNP 7960 13254 13 , , , 7960 13254 14 and and CC 7960 13254 15 other other JJ 7960 13254 16 countries country NNS 7960 13254 17 , , , 7960 13254 18 having have VBG 7960 13254 19 triumphed triumph VBN 7960 13254 20 over over IN 7960 13254 21 the the DT 7960 13254 22 feudal feudal JJ 7960 13254 23 nobles noble NNS 7960 13254 24 , , , 7960 13254 25 proceeded proceed VBD 7960 13254 26 to to TO 7960 13254 27 revive revive VB 7960 13254 28 the the DT 7960 13254 29 autocratic autocratic JJ 7960 13254 30 traditions tradition NNS 7960 13254 31 of of IN 7960 13254 32 imperial imperial JJ 7960 13254 33 Rome Rome NNP 7960 13254 34 . . . 7960 13255 1 Like like IN 7960 13255 2 Diocletian Diocletian NNP 7960 13255 3 , , , 7960 13255 4 Constantine Constantine NNP 7960 13255 5 , , , 7960 13255 6 and and CC 7960 13255 7 later later JJ 7960 13255 8 emperors emperor NNS 7960 13255 9 , , , 7960 13255 10 they -PRON- PRP 7960 13255 11 posed pose VBD 7960 13255 12 as as IN 7960 13255 13 absolute absolute JJ 7960 13255 14 sovereigns sovereign NNS 7960 13255 15 , , , 7960 13255 16 who who WP 7960 13255 17 held hold VBD 7960 13255 18 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 13255 19 power power NN 7960 13255 20 , , , 7960 13255 21 not not RB 7960 13255 22 from from IN 7960 13255 23 the the DT 7960 13255 24 choice choice NN 7960 13255 25 or or CC 7960 13255 26 consent consent NN 7960 13255 27 of of IN 7960 13255 28 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 13255 29 subjects subject NNS 7960 13255 30 , , , 7960 13255 31 but but CC 7960 13255 32 from from IN 7960 13255 33 God God NNP 7960 13255 34 . . . 7960 13256 1 DIVINITY divinity NN 7960 13256 2 OF of IN 7960 13256 3 KINGS KINGS NNP 7960 13256 4 Royal Royal NNP 7960 13256 5 absolutism absolutism NN 7960 13256 6 formed form VBD 7960 13256 7 a a DT 7960 13256 8 natural natural JJ 7960 13256 9 development development NN 7960 13256 10 of of IN 7960 13256 11 the the DT 7960 13256 12 old old JJ 7960 13256 13 belief belief NN 7960 13256 14 in in IN 7960 13256 15 the the DT 7960 13256 16 divinity divinity NN 7960 13256 17 of of IN 7960 13256 18 kings king NNS 7960 13256 19 . . . 7960 13257 1 Many many JJ 7960 13257 2 primitive primitive JJ 7960 13257 3 peoples people NNS 7960 13257 4 regard regard VBP 7960 13257 5 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 13257 6 headmen headman NNS 7960 13257 7 and and CC 7960 13257 8 chiefs chief NNS 7960 13257 9 as as IN 7960 13257 10 holy holy JJ 7960 13257 11 and and CC 7960 13257 12 give give VB 7960 13257 13 to to IN 7960 13257 14 them -PRON- PRP 7960 13257 15 the the DT 7960 13257 16 control control NN 7960 13257 17 of of IN 7960 13257 18 peace peace NN 7960 13257 19 and and CC 7960 13257 20 war war NN 7960 13257 21 , , , 7960 13257 22 of of IN 7960 13257 23 life life NN 7960 13257 24 and and CC 7960 13257 25 death death NN 7960 13257 26 . . . 7960 13258 1 Oriental oriental JJ 7960 13258 2 rulers ruler NNS 7960 13258 3 in in IN 7960 13258 4 antiquity antiquity NN 7960 13258 5 bore bear VBD 7960 13258 6 a a DT 7960 13258 7 sacred sacred JJ 7960 13258 8 character character NN 7960 13258 9 . . . 7960 13259 1 Even even RB 7960 13259 2 in in IN 7960 13259 3 the the DT 7960 13259 4 lifetime lifetime NN 7960 13259 5 of of IN 7960 13259 6 an an DT 7960 13259 7 Egyptian egyptian JJ 7960 13259 8 Pharaoh Pharaoh NNP 7960 13259 9 temples temple NNS 7960 13259 10 were be VBD 7960 13259 11 erected erect VBN 7960 13259 12 to to IN 7960 13259 13 him -PRON- PRP 7960 13259 14 and and CC 7960 13259 15 offerings offering NNS 7960 13259 16 were be VBD 7960 13259 17 made make VBN 7960 13259 18 to to IN 7960 13259 19 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 13259 20 sacred sacred JJ 7960 13259 21 majesty majesty NN 7960 13259 22 . . . 7960 13260 1 The the DT 7960 13260 2 Hebrew Hebrew NNP 7960 13260 3 monarch monarch NN 7960 13260 4 was be VBD 7960 13260 5 the the DT 7960 13260 6 Lord Lord NNP 7960 13260 7 's 's POS 7960 13260 8 anointed anoint VBN 7960 13260 9 , , , 7960 13260 10 and and CC 7960 13260 11 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 13260 12 person person NN 7960 13260 13 was be VBD 7960 13260 14 holy holy JJ 7960 13260 15 . . . 7960 13261 1 The the DT 7960 13261 2 Hellenistic hellenistic JJ 7960 13261 3 kings king NNS 7960 13261 4 of of IN 7960 13261 5 the the DT 7960 13261 6 East East NNP 7960 13261 7 and and CC 7960 13261 8 the the DT 7960 13261 9 Roman roman JJ 7960 13261 10 emperors emperor NNS 7960 13261 11 received receive VBD 7960 13261 12 divine divine JJ 7960 13261 13 honors honor NNS 7960 13261 14 from from IN 7960 13261 15 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 13261 16 adoring adore VBG 7960 13261 17 subjects subject NNS 7960 13261 18 . . . 7960 13262 1 An an DT 7960 13262 2 element element NN 7960 13262 3 of of IN 7960 13262 4 sanctity sanctity NN 7960 13262 5 also also RB 7960 13262 6 attached attach VBN 7960 13262 7 to to IN 7960 13262 8 medieval medieval JJ 7960 13262 9 sovereigns sovereign NNS 7960 13262 10 , , , 7960 13262 11 who who WP 7960 13262 12 , , , 7960 13262 13 at at IN 7960 13262 14 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 13262 15 coronation coronation NN 7960 13262 16 , , , 7960 13262 17 were be VBD 7960 13262 18 anointed anoint VBN 7960 13262 19 with with IN 7960 13262 20 a a DT 7960 13262 21 magic magic JJ 7960 13262 22 oil oil NN 7960 13262 23 , , , 7960 13262 24 girt girt NN 7960 13262 25 with with IN 7960 13262 26 a a DT 7960 13262 27 sacred sacred JJ 7960 13262 28 sword sword NN 7960 13262 29 , , , 7960 13262 30 and and CC 7960 13262 31 given give VBN 7960 13262 32 a a DT 7960 13262 33 supernatural supernatural JJ 7960 13262 34 banner banner NN 7960 13262 35 . . . 7960 13263 1 Even even RB 7960 13263 2 Shakespeare Shakespeare NNP 7960 13263 3 could could MD 7960 13263 4 speak speak VB 7960 13263 5 of of IN 7960 13263 6 the the DT 7960 13263 7 divinity divinity NN 7960 13263 8 which which WDT 7960 13263 9 " " `` 7960 13263 10 doth doth NNP 7960 13263 11 hedge hedge VBP 7960 13263 12 a a DT 7960 13263 13 king king NN 7960 13263 14 . . . 7960 13263 15 " " '' 7960 13264 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 13264 2 2 2 LS 7960 13264 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 13264 4 " " `` 7960 13264 5 Not not RB 7960 13264 6 all all PDT 7960 13264 7 the the DT 7960 13264 8 water water NN 7960 13264 9 in in IN 7960 13264 10 the the DT 7960 13264 11 rough rough JJ 7960 13264 12 rude rude JJ 7960 13264 13 sea sea NN 7960 13264 14 Can Can MD 7960 13264 15 wash wash VB 7960 13264 16 the the DT 7960 13264 17 balm balm NN 7960 13264 18 off off RP 7960 13264 19 from from IN 7960 13264 20 an an DT 7960 13264 21 anointed anoint VBN 7960 13264 22 king king NN 7960 13264 23 ; ; : 7960 13264 24 The the DT 7960 13264 25 breath breath NN 7960 13264 26 of of IN 7960 13264 27 worldly worldly JJ 7960 13264 28 men man NNS 7960 13264 29 can can MD 7960 13264 30 not not RB 7960 13264 31 depose depose VB 7960 13264 32 The the DT 7960 13264 33 deputy deputy NN 7960 13264 34 elected elect VBN 7960 13264 35 by by IN 7960 13264 36 the the DT 7960 13264 37 Lord Lord NNP 7960 13264 38 . . . 7960 13264 39 " " '' 7960 13265 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 13265 2 3 3 LS 7960 13265 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 13265 4 DIVINE DIVINE NNP 7960 13265 5 RIGHT RIGHT NNP 7960 13265 6 AFTER after IN 7960 13265 7 THE the DT 7960 13265 8 REFORMATION reformation NN 7960 13265 9 The the DT 7960 13265 10 Reformation Reformation NNP 7960 13265 11 tended tend VBD 7960 13265 12 to to TO 7960 13265 13 emphasize emphasize VB 7960 13265 14 the the DT 7960 13265 15 sacred sacred JJ 7960 13265 16 character character NN 7960 13265 17 of of IN 7960 13265 18 kingship kingship NN 7960 13265 19 . . . 7960 13266 1 The the DT 7960 13266 2 reformers reformer NNS 7960 13266 3 set set VBD 7960 13266 4 up up RP 7960 13266 5 the the DT 7960 13266 6 authority authority NN 7960 13266 7 of of IN 7960 13266 8 the the DT 7960 13266 9 State State NNP 7960 13266 10 against against IN 7960 13266 11 the the DT 7960 13266 12 authority authority NN 7960 13266 13 of of IN 7960 13266 14 the the DT 7960 13266 15 Church Church NNP 7960 13266 16 , , , 7960 13266 17 which which WDT 7960 13266 18 they -PRON- PRP 7960 13266 19 rejected reject VBD 7960 13266 20 and and CC 7960 13266 21 condemned condemn VBD 7960 13266 22 . . . 7960 13267 1 Providence Providence NNP 7960 13267 2 , , , 7960 13267 3 they -PRON- PRP 7960 13267 4 argued argue VBD 7960 13267 5 , , , 7960 13267 6 had have VBD 7960 13267 7 never never RB 7960 13267 8 sanctioned sanction VBN 7960 13267 9 the the DT 7960 13267 10 Papacy Papacy NNP 7960 13267 11 , , , 7960 13267 12 but but CC 7960 13267 13 Providence Providence NNP 7960 13267 14 had have VBD 7960 13267 15 really really RB 7960 13267 16 ordained ordain VBN 7960 13267 17 the the DT 7960 13267 18 State State NNP 7960 13267 19 and and CC 7960 13267 20 had have VBD 7960 13267 21 placed place VBN 7960 13267 22 over over IN 7960 13267 23 it -PRON- PRP 7960 13267 24 a a DT 7960 13267 25 king king NN 7960 13267 26 whom whom WP 7960 13267 27 it -PRON- PRP 7960 13267 28 was be VBD 7960 13267 29 a a DT 7960 13267 30 religious religious JJ 7960 13267 31 duty duty NN 7960 13267 32 to to TO 7960 13267 33 obey obey VB 7960 13267 34 . . . 7960 13268 1 Even even RB 7960 13268 2 those those DT 7960 13268 3 who who WP 7960 13268 4 were be VBD 7960 13268 5 not not RB 7960 13268 6 reformers reformer NNS 7960 13268 7 distorted distort VBD 7960 13268 8 the the DT 7960 13268 9 Christian christian JJ 7960 13268 10 idea idea NN 7960 13268 11 that that IN 7960 13268 12 government government NN 7960 13268 13 has have VBZ 7960 13268 14 a a DT 7960 13268 15 divine divine JJ 7960 13268 16 basis basis NN 7960 13268 17 to to TO 7960 13268 18 represent represent VB 7960 13268 19 kings king NNS 7960 13268 20 as as IN 7960 13268 21 God God NNP 7960 13268 22 's 's POS 7960 13268 23 vicegerents vicegerent NNS 7960 13268 24 upon upon IN 7960 13268 25 earth earth NN 7960 13268 26 , , , 7960 13268 27 as as IN 7960 13268 28 in in IN 7960 13268 29 fact fact NN 7960 13268 30 earthly earthly JJ 7960 13268 31 deities deity NNS 7960 13268 32 . . . 7960 13269 1 BOSSUET BOSSUET NNS 7960 13269 2 ON ON NNP 7960 13269 3 DIVINE DIVINE NNP 7960 13269 4 RIGHT RIGHT NNP 7960 13269 5 The the DT 7960 13269 6 theory theory NN 7960 13269 7 of of IN 7960 13269 8 divine divine JJ 7960 13269 9 right right NN 7960 13269 10 received receive VBD 7960 13269 11 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 13269 12 fullest full JJS 7960 13269 13 expression expression NN 7960 13269 14 in in IN 7960 13269 15 a a DT 7960 13269 16 famous famous JJ 7960 13269 17 book book NN 7960 13269 18 [ [ -LRB- 7960 13269 19 4 4 CD 7960 13269 20 ] ] -RRB- 7960 13269 21 written write VBN 7960 13269 22 by by IN 7960 13269 23 Bossuet Bossuet NNP 7960 13269 24 , , , 7960 13269 25 a a DT 7960 13269 26 learned learn VBN 7960 13269 27 French french JJ 7960 13269 28 bishop bishop NN 7960 13269 29 of of IN 7960 13269 30 the the DT 7960 13269 31 seventeenth seventeenth JJ 7960 13269 32 century century NN 7960 13269 33 . . . 7960 13270 1 A a DT 7960 13270 2 hereditary hereditary JJ 7960 13270 3 monarchy monarchy NN 7960 13270 4 , , , 7960 13270 5 declared declare VBD 7960 13270 6 Bossuet Bossuet NNP 7960 13270 7 , , , 7960 13270 8 is be VBZ 7960 13270 9 the the DT 7960 13270 10 most most RBS 7960 13270 11 ancient ancient JJ 7960 13270 12 and and CC 7960 13270 13 natural natural JJ 7960 13270 14 , , , 7960 13270 15 the the DT 7960 13270 16 strongest strong JJS 7960 13270 17 and and CC 7960 13270 18 most most RBS 7960 13270 19 efficient efficient JJ 7960 13270 20 , , , 7960 13270 21 of of IN 7960 13270 22 all all DT 7960 13270 23 forms form NNS 7960 13270 24 of of IN 7960 13270 25 government government NN 7960 13270 26 . . . 7960 13271 1 Royal royal JJ 7960 13271 2 power power NN 7960 13271 3 emanates emanate VBZ 7960 13271 4 from from IN 7960 13271 5 God God NNP 7960 13271 6 ; ; : 7960 13271 7 hence hence RB 7960 13271 8 the the DT 7960 13271 9 person person NN 7960 13271 10 of of IN 7960 13271 11 the the DT 7960 13271 12 king king NN 7960 13271 13 is be VBZ 7960 13271 14 sacred sacred JJ 7960 13271 15 and and CC 7960 13271 16 it -PRON- PRP 7960 13271 17 is be VBZ 7960 13271 18 sacrilege sacrilege NN 7960 13271 19 to to TO 7960 13271 20 conspire conspire VB 7960 13271 21 against against IN 7960 13271 22 him -PRON- PRP 7960 13271 23 . . . 7960 13272 1 His -PRON- PRP$ 7960 13272 2 authority authority NN 7960 13272 3 is be VBZ 7960 13272 4 absolute absolute JJ 7960 13272 5 and and CC 7960 13272 6 autocratic autocratic JJ 7960 13272 7 . . . 7960 13273 1 No no DT 7960 13273 2 man man NN 7960 13273 3 may may MD 7960 13273 4 rightfully rightfully RB 7960 13273 5 resist resist VB 7960 13273 6 the the DT 7960 13273 7 king king NN 7960 13273 8 's 's POS 7960 13273 9 commands command NNS 7960 13273 10 ; ; : 7960 13273 11 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 13273 12 subjects subject NNS 7960 13273 13 owe owe VBP 7960 13273 14 him -PRON- PRP 7960 13273 15 obedience obedience NN 7960 13273 16 in in IN 7960 13273 17 all all DT 7960 13273 18 matters matter NNS 7960 13273 19 . . . 7960 13274 1 To to IN 7960 13274 2 the the DT 7960 13274 3 violence violence NN 7960 13274 4 of of IN 7960 13274 5 a a DT 7960 13274 6 king king NN 7960 13274 7 the the DT 7960 13274 8 people people NNS 7960 13274 9 can can MD 7960 13274 10 oppose oppose VB 7960 13274 11 only only RB 7960 13274 12 respectful respectful JJ 7960 13274 13 remonstrances remonstrance NNS 7960 13274 14 and and CC 7960 13274 15 prayers prayer NNS 7960 13274 16 for for IN 7960 13274 17 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 13274 18 conversion conversion NN 7960 13274 19 . . . 7960 13275 1 A a DT 7960 13275 2 king king NN 7960 13275 3 , , , 7960 13275 4 to to TO 7960 13275 5 be be VB 7960 13275 6 sure sure JJ 7960 13275 7 , , , 7960 13275 8 ought ought MD 7960 13275 9 not not RB 7960 13275 10 to to TO 7960 13275 11 be be VB 7960 13275 12 a a DT 7960 13275 13 tyrant tyrant NN 7960 13275 14 , , , 7960 13275 15 but but CC 7960 13275 16 he -PRON- PRP 7960 13275 17 can can MD 7960 13275 18 be be VB 7960 13275 19 one one CD 7960 13275 20 in in IN 7960 13275 21 perfect perfect JJ 7960 13275 22 security security NN 7960 13275 23 . . . 7960 13276 1 " " `` 7960 13276 2 As as IN 7960 13276 3 in in IN 7960 13276 4 God God NNP 7960 13276 5 are be VBP 7960 13276 6 united united JJ 7960 13276 7 all all DT 7960 13276 8 perfection perfection NN 7960 13276 9 and and CC 7960 13276 10 every every DT 7960 13276 11 virtue virtue NN 7960 13276 12 , , , 7960 13276 13 so so IN 7960 13276 14 all all PDT 7960 13276 15 the the DT 7960 13276 16 power power NN 7960 13276 17 of of IN 7960 13276 18 all all PDT 7960 13276 19 the the DT 7960 13276 20 individuals individual NNS 7960 13276 21 in in IN 7960 13276 22 a a DT 7960 13276 23 community community NN 7960 13276 24 is be VBZ 7960 13276 25 united united JJ 7960 13276 26 in in IN 7960 13276 27 the the DT 7960 13276 28 person person NN 7960 13276 29 of of IN 7960 13276 30 the the DT 7960 13276 31 king king NN 7960 13276 32 . . . 7960 13276 33 " " '' 7960 13277 1 242 242 CD 7960 13277 2 . . . 7960 13278 1 THE the DT 7960 13278 2 ABSOLUTISM ABSOLUTISM NNP 7960 13278 3 OF of IN 7960 13278 4 LOUIS LOUIS NNP 7960 13278 5 XIV XIV NNP 7960 13278 6 , , , 7960 13278 7 1661 1661 CD 7960 13278 8 - - SYM 7960 13278 9 1715 1715 CD 7960 13278 10 A.D. a.d. NN 7960 13278 11 CARDINAL CARDINAL NNP 7960 13278 12 RICHELIEU RICHELIEU VBD 7960 13278 13 France France NNP 7960 13278 14 in in IN 7960 13278 15 the the DT 7960 13278 16 seventeenth seventeenth JJ 7960 13278 17 century century NN 7960 13278 18 furnished furnish VBD 7960 13278 19 the the DT 7960 13278 20 best good JJS 7960 13278 21 example example NN 7960 13278 22 of of IN 7960 13278 23 an an DT 7960 13278 24 absolute absolute JJ 7960 13278 25 monarchy monarchy NN 7960 13278 26 supported support VBN 7960 13278 27 by by IN 7960 13278 28 pretensions pretension NNS 7960 13278 29 to to TO 7960 13278 30 divine divine VB 7960 13278 31 right right NN 7960 13278 32 . . . 7960 13279 1 French french JJ 7960 13279 2 absolutism absolutism NN 7960 13279 3 owed owe VBD 7960 13279 4 most most JJS 7960 13279 5 of of IN 7960 13279 6 all all DT 7960 13279 7 to to IN 7960 13279 8 Cardinal Cardinal NNP 7960 13279 9 Richelieu Richelieu NNP 7960 13279 10 , , , 7960 13279 11 [ [ -LRB- 7960 13279 12 5 5 CD 7960 13279 13 ] ] -RRB- 7960 13279 14 the the DT 7960 13279 15 chief chief JJ 7960 13279 16 minister minister NN 7960 13279 17 of of IN 7960 13279 18 Louis Louis NNP 7960 13279 19 XIII XIII NNP 7960 13279 20 . . . 7960 13280 1 Though though IN 7960 13280 2 a a DT 7960 13280 3 man man NN 7960 13280 4 of of IN 7960 13280 5 poor poor JJ 7960 13280 6 physique physique NN 7960 13280 7 and and CC 7960 13280 8 in in IN 7960 13280 9 weak weak JJ 7960 13280 10 health health NN 7960 13280 11 , , , 7960 13280 12 he -PRON- PRP 7960 13280 13 possessed possess VBD 7960 13280 14 such such JJ 7960 13280 15 strength strength NN 7960 13280 16 of of IN 7960 13280 17 will will NN 7960 13280 18 , , , 7960 13280 19 together together RB 7960 13280 20 with with IN 7960 13280 21 such such JJ 7960 13280 22 thorough thorough JJ 7960 13280 23 understanding understanding NN 7960 13280 24 of of IN 7960 13280 25 politics politic NNS 7960 13280 26 , , , 7960 13280 27 that that IN 7960 13280 28 he -PRON- PRP 7960 13280 29 was be VBD 7960 13280 30 able able JJ 7960 13280 31 to to TO 7960 13280 32 dominate dominate VB 7960 13280 33 the the DT 7960 13280 34 king king NN 7960 13280 35 and and CC 7960 13280 36 through through IN 7960 13280 37 the the DT 7960 13280 38 king king NN 7960 13280 39 to to TO 7960 13280 40 govern govern VB 7960 13280 41 France France NNP 7960 13280 42 for for IN 7960 13280 43 eighteen eighteen CD 7960 13280 44 years year NNS 7960 13280 45 ( ( -LRB- 7960 13280 46 1624 1624 CD 7960 13280 47 - - SYM 7960 13280 48 1642 1642 CD 7960 13280 49 A.D. 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NNP 7960 13280 50 ) ) -RRB- 7960 13280 51 . . . 7960 13281 1 POLICIES policy NNS 7960 13281 2 OF of IN 7960 13281 3 RICHELIEU RICHELIEU NNP 7960 13281 4 Richelieu Richelieu NNP 7960 13281 5 's 's POS 7960 13281 6 foreign foreign JJ 7960 13281 7 policy policy NN 7960 13281 8 led lead VBD 7960 13281 9 to to IN 7960 13281 10 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 13281 11 intervention intervention NN 7960 13281 12 on on IN 7960 13281 13 the the DT 7960 13281 14 side side NN 7960 13281 15 of of IN 7960 13281 16 the the DT 7960 13281 17 Protestants Protestants NNPS 7960 13281 18 at at IN 7960 13281 19 a a DT 7960 13281 20 decisive decisive JJ 7960 13281 21 moment moment NN 7960 13281 22 in in IN 7960 13281 23 the the DT 7960 13281 24 Thirty Thirty NNP 7960 13281 25 Years Years NNPS 7960 13281 26 ' ' POS 7960 13281 27 War war NN 7960 13281 28 . . . 7960 13282 1 The the DT 7960 13282 2 great great JJ 7960 13282 3 cardinal cardinal NN 7960 13282 4 , , , 7960 13282 5 however however RB 7960 13282 6 , , , 7960 13282 7 did do VBD 7960 13282 8 not not RB 7960 13282 9 live live VB 7960 13282 10 to to TO 7960 13282 11 see see VB 7960 13282 12 the the DT 7960 13282 13 triumph triumph NN 7960 13282 14 of of IN 7960 13282 15 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 13282 16 measures measure NNS 7960 13282 17 in in IN 7960 13282 18 the the DT 7960 13282 19 Peace Peace NNP 7960 13282 20 of of IN 7960 13282 21 Westphalia Westphalia NNP 7960 13282 22 , , , 7960 13282 23 which which WDT 7960 13282 24 humiliated humiliate VBD 7960 13282 25 the the DT 7960 13282 26 Hapsburgs Hapsburgs NNPS 7960 13282 27 and and CC 7960 13282 28 raised raise VBD 7960 13282 29 France France NNP 7960 13282 30 to to IN 7960 13282 31 the the DT 7960 13282 32 first first JJ 7960 13282 33 place place NN 7960 13282 34 among among IN 7960 13282 35 the the DT 7960 13282 36 states state NNS 7960 13282 37 of of IN 7960 13282 38 western western JJ 7960 13282 39 Europe Europe NNP 7960 13282 40 . . . 7960 13283 1 Richelieu Richelieu NNP 7960 13283 2 's 's POS 7960 13283 3 domestic domestic JJ 7960 13283 4 policy policy NN 7960 13283 5 -- -- : 7960 13283 6 to to TO 7960 13283 7 make make VB 7960 13283 8 the the DT 7960 13283 9 French french JJ 7960 13283 10 king king NN 7960 13283 11 supreme supreme RB 7960 13283 12 -- -- : 7960 13283 13 was be VBD 7960 13283 14 equally equally RB 7960 13283 15 successful successful JJ 7960 13283 16 . . . 7960 13284 1 Though though IN 7960 13284 2 the the DT 7960 13284 3 nobles noble NNS 7960 13284 4 were be VBD 7960 13284 5 still still RB 7960 13284 6 rich rich JJ 7960 13284 7 and and CC 7960 13284 8 influential influential JJ 7960 13284 9 , , , 7960 13284 10 Richelieu Richelieu NNP 7960 13284 11 beat beat VBD 7960 13284 12 down down RP 7960 13284 13 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 13284 14 opposition opposition NN 7960 13284 15 by by IN 7960 13284 16 forbidding forbid VBG 7960 13284 17 the the DT 7960 13284 18 practice practice NN 7960 13284 19 of of IN 7960 13284 20 duelling duelling NN 7960 13284 21 , , , 7960 13284 22 that that IN 7960 13284 23 last last JJ 7960 13284 24 remnant remnant NN 7960 13284 25 of of IN 7960 13284 26 private private JJ 7960 13284 27 warfare warfare NN 7960 13284 28 , , , 7960 13284 29 by by IN 7960 13284 30 ordering order VBG 7960 13284 31 many many JJ 7960 13284 32 castles castle NNS 7960 13284 33 to to TO 7960 13284 34 be be VB 7960 13284 35 blown blow VBN 7960 13284 36 up up RP 7960 13284 37 with with IN 7960 13284 38 gunpowder gunpowder NN 7960 13284 39 , , , 7960 13284 40 and and CC 7960 13284 41 by by IN 7960 13284 42 bringing bring VBG 7960 13284 43 rebellious rebellious JJ 7960 13284 44 dukes duke NNS 7960 13284 45 and and CC 7960 13284 46 counts count NNS 7960 13284 47 to to IN 7960 13284 48 the the DT 7960 13284 49 scaffold scaffold NN 7960 13284 50 . . . 7960 13285 1 Henceforth henceforth RB 7960 13285 2 the the DT 7960 13285 3 nobles noble NNS 7960 13285 4 were be VBD 7960 13285 5 no no RB 7960 13285 6 longer long RBR 7960 13285 7 feudal feudal JJ 7960 13285 8 lords lord NNS 7960 13285 9 but but CC 7960 13285 10 only only RB 7960 13285 11 courtiers courtier NNS 7960 13285 12 . . . 7960 13286 1 CARDINAL cardinal JJ 7960 13286 2 MAZARIN MAZARIN NNS 7960 13286 3 Richelieu Richelieu NNP 7960 13286 4 died die VBD 7960 13286 5 in in IN 7960 13286 6 1642 1642 CD 7960 13286 7 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 13286 8 , , , 7960 13286 9 and and CC 7960 13286 10 the the DT 7960 13286 11 next next JJ 7960 13286 12 year year NN 7960 13286 13 Louis Louis NNP 7960 13286 14 XIII XIII NNP 7960 13286 15 , , , 7960 13286 16 the the DT 7960 13286 17 master master NN 7960 13286 18 whom whom WP 7960 13286 19 he -PRON- PRP 7960 13286 20 had have VBD 7960 13286 21 served serve VBN 7960 13286 22 so so RB 7960 13286 23 faithfully faithfully RB 7960 13286 24 , , , 7960 13286 25 also also RB 7960 13286 26 passed pass VBD 7960 13286 27 away away RB 7960 13286 28 . . . 7960 13287 1 The the DT 7960 13287 2 new new JJ 7960 13287 3 ruler ruler NN 7960 13287 4 , , , 7960 13287 5 Louis Louis NNP 7960 13287 6 XIV XIV NNP 7960 13287 7 , , , 7960 13287 8 was be VBD 7960 13287 9 only only RB 7960 13287 10 a a DT 7960 13287 11 child child NN 7960 13287 12 , , , 7960 13287 13 and and CC 7960 13287 14 the the DT 7960 13287 15 management management NN 7960 13287 16 of of IN 7960 13287 17 affairs affair NNS 7960 13287 18 for for IN 7960 13287 19 a a DT 7960 13287 20 second second JJ 7960 13287 21 period period NN 7960 13287 22 of of IN 7960 13287 23 eighteen eighteen CD 7960 13287 24 years year NNS 7960 13287 25 passed pass VBN 7960 13287 26 into into IN 7960 13287 27 the the DT 7960 13287 28 hands hand NNS 7960 13287 29 of of IN 7960 13287 30 Cardinal Cardinal NNP 7960 13287 31 Mazarin Mazarin NNP 7960 13287 32 . . . 7960 13288 1 Though though IN 7960 13288 2 an an DT 7960 13288 3 Italian Italian NNP 7960 13288 4 by by IN 7960 13288 5 birth birth NN 7960 13288 6 , , , 7960 13288 7 he -PRON- PRP 7960 13288 8 became become VBD 7960 13288 9 a a DT 7960 13288 10 naturalized naturalize VBN 7960 13288 11 Frenchman Frenchman NNP 7960 13288 12 and and CC 7960 13288 13 carried carry VBD 7960 13288 14 out out RP 7960 13288 15 Richelieu Richelieu NNP 7960 13288 16 's 's POS 7960 13288 17 policies policy NNS 7960 13288 18 . . . 7960 13289 1 Against against IN 7960 13289 2 the the DT 7960 13289 3 Hapsburgs Hapsburgs NNP 7960 13289 4 Mazarin Mazarin NNP 7960 13289 5 continued continue VBD 7960 13289 6 the the DT 7960 13289 7 great great JJ 7960 13289 8 war war NN 7960 13289 9 which which WDT 7960 13289 10 Richelieu Richelieu NNP 7960 13289 11 had have VBD 7960 13289 12 begun begin VBN 7960 13289 13 and and CC 7960 13289 14 brought bring VBD 7960 13289 15 it -PRON- PRP 7960 13289 16 to to IN 7960 13289 17 a a DT 7960 13289 18 satisfactory satisfactory JJ 7960 13289 19 conclusion conclusion NN 7960 13289 20 . . . 7960 13290 1 The the DT 7960 13290 2 Peace Peace NNP 7960 13290 3 of of IN 7960 13290 4 Westphalia Westphalia NNP 7960 13290 5 was be VBD 7960 13290 6 Mazarin Mazarin NNP 7960 13290 7 's 's POS 7960 13290 8 greatest great JJS 7960 13290 9 triumph triumph NN 7960 13290 10 . . . 7960 13291 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 13291 2 also also RB 7960 13291 3 crushed crush VBD 7960 13291 4 a a DT 7960 13291 5 formidable formidable JJ 7960 13291 6 uprising uprising NN 7960 13291 7 against against IN 7960 13291 8 the the DT 7960 13291 9 crown crown NN 7960 13291 10 , , , 7960 13291 11 on on IN 7960 13291 12 the the DT 7960 13291 13 part part NN 7960 13291 14 of of IN 7960 13291 15 discontented discontent VBN 7960 13291 16 nobles noble NNS 7960 13291 17 . . . 7960 13292 1 Having have VBG 7960 13292 2 achieved achieve VBN 7960 13292 3 all all PDT 7960 13292 4 this this DT 7960 13292 5 , , , 7960 13292 6 the the DT 7960 13292 7 cardinal cardinal NN 7960 13292 8 could could MD 7960 13292 9 truly truly RB 7960 13292 10 say say VB 7960 13292 11 that that IN 7960 13292 12 " " `` 7960 13292 13 if if IN 7960 13292 14 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 13292 15 language language NN 7960 13292 16 was be VBD 7960 13292 17 not not RB 7960 13292 18 French French NNP 7960 13292 19 , , , 7960 13292 20 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 13292 21 heart heart NN 7960 13292 22 was be VBD 7960 13292 23 , , , 7960 13292 24 " " `` 7960 13292 25 His -PRON- PRP$ 7960 13292 26 death death NN 7960 13292 27 in in IN 7960 13292 28 1661 1661 CD 7960 13292 29 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 13292 30 found find VBD 7960 13292 31 the the DT 7960 13292 32 royal royal JJ 7960 13292 33 authority authority NN 7960 13292 34 more more RBR 7960 13292 35 firmly firmly RB 7960 13292 36 established establish VBN 7960 13292 37 than than IN 7960 13292 38 ever ever RB 7960 13292 39 before before RB 7960 13292 40 . . . 7960 13293 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 13293 2 Illustration illustration NN 7960 13293 3 : : : 7960 13293 4 CARDINAL cardinal JJ 7960 13293 5 MAZARIN MAZARIN NNS 7960 13293 6 A a DT 7960 13293 7 miniature miniature NN 7960 13293 8 by by IN 7960 13293 9 Petitot Petitot NNP 7960 13293 10 , , , 7960 13293 11 in in IN 7960 13293 12 the the DT 7960 13293 13 South South NNP 7960 13293 14 Kensington Kensington NNP 7960 13293 15 Museum Museum NNP 7960 13293 16 , , , 7960 13293 17 London London NNP 7960 13293 18 . . . 7960 13293 19 ] ] -RRB- 7960 13294 1 LOUIS LOUIS NNP 7960 13294 2 XIV XIV NNP 7960 13294 3 , , , 7960 13294 4 THE the DT 7960 13294 5 MAN MAN NNP 7960 13294 6 Louis Louis NNP 7960 13294 7 XIV XIV NNP 7960 13294 8 , , , 7960 13294 9 who who WP 7960 13294 10 now now RB 7960 13294 11 in in IN 7960 13294 12 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 13294 13 twenty twenty CD 7960 13294 14 - 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Hôtel NNP 7960 13359 11 des des FW 7960 13359 12 Invalides invalide NNS 7960 13359 13 , , , 7960 13359 14 [ [ -LRB- 7960 13359 15 9 9 CD 7960 13359 16 ] ] -RRB- 7960 13359 17 now now RB 7960 13359 18 the the DT 7960 13359 19 tomb tomb NN 7960 13359 20 of of IN 7960 13359 21 Napoleon Napoleon NNP 7960 13359 22 , , , 7960 13359 23 additions addition NNS 7960 13359 24 to to IN 7960 13359 25 the the DT 7960 13359 26 Louvre Louvre NNP 7960 13359 27 , , , 7960 13359 28 [ [ -LRB- 7960 13359 29 10 10 CD 7960 13359 30 ] ] -RRB- 7960 13359 31 perhaps perhaps RB 7960 13359 32 the the DT 7960 13359 33 masterpiece masterpiece NN 7960 13359 34 of of IN 7960 13359 35 all all DT 7960 13359 36 modern modern JJ 7960 13359 37 architecture architecture NN 7960 13359 38 , , , 7960 13359 39 and and CC 7960 13359 40 the the DT 7960 13359 41 huge huge JJ 7960 13359 42 palace palace NN 7960 13359 43 of of IN 7960 13359 44 Versailles Versailles NNP 7960 13359 45 . . . 7960 13360 1 Louis Louis NNP 7960 13360 2 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7960 13393 16 Years Years NNPS 7960 13393 17 ' ' POS 7960 13393 18 War war NN 7960 13393 19 , , , 7960 13393 20 when when WRB 7960 13393 21 France France NNP 7960 13393 22 gained gain VBD 7960 13393 23 nearly nearly RB 7960 13393 24 all all DT 7960 13393 25 of of IN 7960 13393 26 Alsace Alsace NNP 7960 13393 27 and and CC 7960 13393 28 secured secure VBD 7960 13393 29 the the DT 7960 13393 30 recognition recognition NN 7960 13393 31 of of IN 7960 13393 32 her -PRON- PRP$ 7960 13393 33 old old JJ 7960 13393 34 claims claim NNS 7960 13393 35 to to IN 7960 13393 36 the the DT 7960 13393 37 bishoprics bishopric NNS 7960 13393 38 of of IN 7960 13393 39 Metz Metz NNP 7960 13393 40 , , , 7960 13393 41 Toul Toul NNP 7960 13393 42 , , , 7960 13393 43 and and CC 7960 13393 44 Verdun Verdun NNP 7960 13393 45 in in IN 7960 13393 46 Lorraine Lorraine NNP 7960 13393 47 . . . 7960 13394 1 A a DT 7960 13394 2 treaty treaty NN 7960 13394 3 which which WDT 7960 13394 4 Mazarin Mazarin NNP 7960 13394 5 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A.D. 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NNP 7960 13397 1 The the DT 7960 13397 2 French french JJ 7960 13397 3 king king NN 7960 13397 4 began begin VBD 7960 13397 5 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 13397 6 aggressions aggression NNS 7960 13397 7 by by IN 7960 13397 8 an an DT 7960 13397 9 effort effort NN 7960 13397 10 to to TO 7960 13397 11 annex annex VB 7960 13397 12 the the DT 7960 13397 13 Belgian belgian JJ 7960 13397 14 or or CC 7960 13397 15 Spanish spanish JJ 7960 13397 16 Netherlands Netherlands NNP 7960 13397 17 , , , 7960 13397 18 which which WDT 7960 13397 19 then then RB 7960 13397 20 belonged belong VBD 7960 13397 21 to to IN 7960 13397 22 Spain Spain NNP 7960 13397 23 . . . 7960 13398 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 13398 2 11 11 CD 7960 13398 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 13398 4 A a DT 7960 13398 5 triple triple JJ 7960 13398 6 alliance alliance NN 7960 13398 7 of of IN 7960 13398 8 Holland Holland NNP 7960 13398 9 , , , 7960 13398 10 England England NNP 7960 13398 11 , , , 7960 13398 12 and and CC 7960 13398 13 Sweden Sweden NNP 7960 13398 14 forced force VBD 7960 13398 15 him -PRON- PRP 7960 13398 16 to to TO 7960 13398 17 relinquish relinquish VB 7960 13398 18 all all PDT 7960 13398 19 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 13398 20 conquests conquest NNS 7960 13398 21 , , , 7960 13398 22 except except IN 7960 13398 23 a a DT 7960 13398 24 few few JJ 7960 13398 25 frontier frontier NN 7960 13398 26 towns town NNS 7960 13398 27 ( ( -LRB- 7960 13398 28 1668 1668 CD 7960 13398 29 A.D. 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rival rival NN 7960 13400 22 of of IN 7960 13400 23 France France NNP 7960 13400 24 in in IN 7960 13400 25 trade trade NN 7960 13400 26 , , , 7960 13400 27 and and CC 7960 13400 28 Protestant Protestant NNP 7960 13400 29 in in IN 7960 13400 30 religion religion NN 7960 13400 31 . . . 7960 13401 1 By by IN 7960 13401 2 skillful skillful JJ 7960 13401 3 diplomacy diplomacy NN 7960 13401 4 he -PRON- PRP 7960 13401 5 persuaded persuade VBD 7960 13401 6 England England NNP 7960 13401 7 and and CC 7960 13401 8 Sweden Sweden NNP 7960 13401 9 to to TO 7960 13401 10 stand stand VB 7960 13401 11 aloof aloof NN 7960 13401 12 , , , 7960 13401 13 while while IN 7960 13401 14 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 13401 15 armies army NNS 7960 13401 16 entered enter VBD 7960 13401 17 Holland Holland NNP 7960 13401 18 and and CC 7960 13401 19 drew draw VBD 7960 13401 20 near near RB 7960 13401 21 to to IN 7960 13401 22 Amsterdam Amsterdam NNP 7960 13401 23 At at IN 7960 13401 24 this this DT 7960 13401 25 critical critical JJ 7960 13401 26 moment moment NN 7960 13401 27 William William NNP 7960 13401 28 , , , 7960 13401 29 Prince Prince NNP 7960 13401 30 of of IN 7960 13401 31 Orange Orange NNP 7960 13401 32 , , , 7960 13401 33 became become VBD 7960 13401 34 the the DT 7960 13401 35 Dutch dutch JJ 7960 13401 36 leader leader NN 7960 13401 37 . . . 7960 13402 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 13402 2 was be VBD 7960 13402 3 a a DT 7960 13402 4 descendant descendant NN 7960 13402 5 of of IN 7960 13402 6 that that DT 7960 13402 7 William William NNP 7960 13402 8 the the DT 7960 13402 9 Silent Silent NNP 7960 13402 10 , , , 7960 13402 11 who who WP 7960 13402 12 , , , 7960 13402 13 a a DT 7960 13402 14 century century NN 7960 13402 15 before before RB 7960 13402 16 , , , 7960 13402 17 had have VBD 7960 13402 18 saved save VBN 7960 13402 19 the the DT 7960 13402 20 Dutch Dutch NNPS 7960 13402 21 out out IN 7960 13402 22 of of IN 7960 13402 23 the the DT 7960 13402 24 hands hand NNS 7960 13402 25 of of IN 7960 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NNP 7960 13408 43 ) ) -RRB- 7960 13408 44 . . . 7960 13409 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 13409 2 12 12 CD 7960 13409 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 13409 4 During during IN 7960 13409 5 the the DT 7960 13409 6 course course NN 7960 13409 7 of of IN 7960 13409 8 the the DT 7960 13409 9 war war NN 7960 13409 10 the the DT 7960 13409 11 French French NNP 7960 13409 12 inflicted inflict VBD 7960 13409 13 a a DT 7960 13409 14 frightful frightful JJ 7960 13409 15 devastation devastation NN 7960 13409 16 on on IN 7960 13409 17 the the DT 7960 13409 18 Rhenish Rhenish NNP 7960 13409 19 Palatinate Palatinate NNP 7960 13409 20 , , , 7960 13409 21 so so IN 7960 13409 22 that that IN 7960 13409 23 it -PRON- PRP 7960 13409 24 might may MD 7960 13409 25 not not RB 7960 13409 26 support support VB 7960 13409 27 armies army NNS 7960 13409 28 for for IN 7960 13409 29 the the DT 7960 13409 30 invasion invasion NN 7960 13409 31 of of IN 7960 13409 32 France France NNP 7960 13409 33 . . . 7960 13410 1 Twelve twelve CD 7960 13410 2 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13413 19 brothers brother NNS 7960 13413 20 to to TO 7960 13413 21 succeed succeed VB 7960 13413 22 him -PRON- PRP 7960 13413 23 , , , 7960 13413 24 all all PDT 7960 13413 25 Europe Europe NNP 7960 13413 26 wondered wonder VBD 7960 13413 27 what what WP 7960 13413 28 would would MD 7960 13413 29 be be VB 7960 13413 30 the the DT 7960 13413 31 fate fate NN 7960 13413 32 of of IN 7960 13413 33 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 13413 34 vast vast JJ 7960 13413 35 possessions possession NNS 7960 13413 36 in in IN 7960 13413 37 Europe Europe NNP 7960 13413 38 and and CC 7960 13413 39 America America NNP 7960 13413 40 . . . 7960 13414 1 Louis Louis NNP 7960 13414 2 had have VBD 7960 13414 3 married marry VBN 7960 13414 4 one one CD 7960 13414 5 of of IN 7960 13414 6 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 13414 7 sisters sister NNS 7960 13414 8 , , , 7960 13414 9 and and CC 7960 13414 10 the the DT 7960 13414 11 Holy Holy NNP 7960 13414 12 Roman Roman NNP 7960 13414 13 Emperor Emperor NNP 7960 13414 14 another another DT 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NNP 7960 13427 1 This this DT 7960 13427 2 peace peace NN 7960 13427 3 ranks rank VBZ 7960 13427 4 with with IN 7960 13427 5 that that DT 7960 13427 6 of of IN 7960 13427 7 Westphalia Westphalia NNP 7960 13427 8 among among IN 7960 13427 9 the the DT 7960 13427 10 most most RBS 7960 13427 11 important important JJ 7960 13427 12 diplomatic diplomatic JJ 7960 13427 13 arrangements arrangement NNS 7960 13427 14 of of IN 7960 13427 15 modern modern JJ 7960 13427 16 times time NNS 7960 13427 17 . . . 7960 13428 1 First first RB 7960 13428 2 , , , 7960 13428 3 Louis Louis NNP 7960 13428 4 's 's POS 7960 13428 5 grandson grandson NN 7960 13428 6 , , , 7960 13428 7 Philip Philip NNP 7960 13428 8 V V NNP 7960 13428 9 , , , 7960 13428 10 was be VBD 7960 13428 11 recognized recognize VBN 7960 13428 12 as as IN 7960 13428 13 king king NN 7960 13428 14 of of IN 7960 13428 15 Spain Spain NNP 7960 13428 16 and and CC 7960 13428 17 her -PRON- PRP$ 7960 13428 18 colonies colony NNS 7960 13428 19 , , , 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NNP 7960 13529 4 the the DT 7960 13529 5 king king NN 7960 13529 6 , , , 7960 13529 7 supported support VBN 7960 13529 8 by by IN 7960 13529 9 Archbishop Archbishop NNP 7960 13529 10 Laud Laud NNP 7960 13529 11 , , , 7960 13529 12 tried try VBD 7960 13529 13 The the DT 7960 13529 14 Long Long NNP 7960 13529 15 to to TO 7960 13529 16 introduce introduce VB 7960 13529 17 a a DT 7960 13529 18 modified modify VBN 7960 13529 19 form form NN 7960 13529 20 of of IN 7960 13529 21 the the DT 7960 13529 22 English english JJ 7960 13529 23 prayer prayer NN 7960 13529 24 book book NN 7960 13529 25 into into IN 7960 13529 26 Scotland Scotland NNP 7960 13529 27 . . . 7960 13530 1 The the DT 7960 13530 2 Scotch Scotch NNP 7960 13530 3 , , , 7960 13530 4 Presbyterian Presbyterian NNP 7960 13530 5 [ [ -LRB- 7960 13530 6 21 21 CD 7960 13530 7 ] ] -RRB- 7960 13530 8 to to IN 7960 13530 9 the the DT 7960 13530 10 core core NN 7960 13530 11 , , , 7960 13530 12 drew draw VBD 7960 13530 13 up up RP 7960 13530 14 a a DT 7960 13530 15 national national JJ 7960 13530 16 oath oath NN 7960 13530 17 , , , 7960 13530 18 or or CC 7960 13530 19 Covenant Covenant NNP 7960 13530 20 , , , 7960 13530 21 by by IN 7960 13530 22 which which WDT 7960 13530 23 they -PRON- PRP 7960 13530 24 bound bind VBD 7960 13530 25 themselves -PRON- PRP 7960 13530 26 to to TO 7960 13530 27 resist resist VB 7960 13530 28 any any DT 7960 13530 29 attempt attempt NN 7960 13530 30 to to TO 7960 13530 31 change change VB 7960 13530 32 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 13530 33 religion religion NN 7960 13530 34 . . . 7960 13531 1 Rebellion rebellion NN 7960 13531 2 quickly quickly RB 7960 13531 3 passed pass VBD 7960 13531 4 into into IN 7960 13531 5 open open JJ 7960 13531 6 war war NN 7960 13531 7 , , , 7960 13531 8 and and CC 7960 13531 9 the the DT 7960 13531 10 Covenanters Covenanters NNPS 7960 13531 11 invaded invade VBD 7960 13531 12 northern northern JJ 7960 13531 13 England England NNP 7960 13531 14 . . . 7960 13532 1 Charles Charles NNP 7960 13532 2 , , , 7960 13532 3 helpless helpless JJ 7960 13532 4 , , , 7960 13532 5 with with IN 7960 13532 6 a a DT 7960 13532 7 seditious seditious JJ 7960 13532 8 army army NN 7960 13532 9 and and CC 7960 13532 10 an an DT 7960 13532 11 empty empty JJ 7960 13532 12 treasury treasury NN 7960 13532 13 , , , 7960 13532 14 had have VBD 7960 13532 15 to to TO 7960 13532 16 summon summon VB 7960 13532 17 Parliament Parliament NNP 7960 13532 18 in in IN 7960 13532 19 session session NN 7960 13532 20 . . . 7960 13533 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 13533 2 met meet VBD 7960 13533 3 in in IN 7960 13533 4 1640 1640 CD 7960 13533 5 A.D. 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16 the the DT 7960 13556 17 trading trading NN 7960 13556 18 classes class NNS 7960 13556 19 in in IN 7960 13556 20 the the DT 7960 13556 21 towns town NNS 7960 13556 22 and and CC 7960 13556 23 the the DT 7960 13556 24 small small JJ 7960 13556 25 landowners landowner NNS 7960 13556 26 in in IN 7960 13556 27 the the DT 7960 13556 28 country country NN 7960 13556 29 . . . 7960 13557 1 The the DT 7960 13557 2 working work VBG 7960 13557 3 people people NNS 7960 13557 4 remained remain VBD 7960 13557 5 as as IN 7960 13557 6 a a DT 7960 13557 7 rule rule NN 7960 13557 8 indifferent indifferent NN 7960 13557 9 and and CC 7960 13557 10 took take VBD 7960 13557 11 little little JJ 7960 13557 12 part part NN 7960 13557 13 in in IN 7960 13557 14 the the DT 7960 13557 15 struggle struggle NN 7960 13557 16 . . . 7960 13558 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 13558 2 Illustration illustration NN 7960 13558 3 : : : 7960 13558 4 OLIVER OLIVER NNP 7960 13558 5 CROMWELL cromwell NN 7960 13558 6 A a DT 7960 13558 7 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, 7960 13569 5 " " '' 7960 13569 6 as as IN 7960 13569 7 Cromwell Cromwell NNP 7960 13569 8 said say VBD 7960 13569 9 , , , 7960 13569 10 " " `` 7960 13569 11 had have VBD 7960 13569 12 the the DT 7960 13569 13 fear fear NN 7960 13569 14 of of IN 7960 13569 15 God God NNP 7960 13569 16 before before IN 7960 13569 17 them -PRON- PRP 7960 13569 18 and and CC 7960 13569 19 made make VBD 7960 13569 20 some some DT 7960 13569 21 conscience conscience NN 7960 13569 22 of of IN 7960 13569 23 what what WP 7960 13569 24 they -PRON- PRP 7960 13569 25 did do VBD 7960 13569 26 . . . 7960 13569 27 " " '' 7960 13570 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 13570 2 were be VBD 7960 13570 3 so so RB 7960 13570 4 successful successful JJ 7960 13570 5 that that IN 7960 13570 6 Parliament Parliament NNP 7960 13570 7 permitted permit VBD 7960 13570 8 Cromwell Cromwell NNP 7960 13570 9 to to TO 7960 13570 10 reorganize reorganize VB 7960 13570 11 a a DT 7960 13570 12 large large JJ 7960 13570 13 part part NN 7960 13570 14 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doctrine NNS 7960 13576 38 . . . 7960 13577 1 The the DT 7960 13577 2 other other JJ 7960 13577 3 Puritan Puritan NNP 7960 13577 4 party party NN 7960 13577 5 , , , 7960 13577 6 known know VBN 7960 13577 7 as as IN 7960 13577 8 the the DT 7960 13577 9 Independents Independents NNPS 7960 13577 10 , , , 7960 13577 11 [ [ -LRB- 7960 13577 12 23 23 CD 7960 13577 13 ] ] -RRB- 7960 13577 14 felt feel VBD 7960 13577 15 that that IN 7960 13577 16 religious religious JJ 7960 13577 17 beliefs belief NNS 7960 13577 18 should should MD 7960 13577 19 not not RB 7960 13577 20 be be VB 7960 13577 21 a a DT 7960 13577 22 matter matter NN 7960 13577 23 of of IN 7960 13577 24 compulsion compulsion NN 7960 13577 25 . . . 7960 13578 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 13578 2 rejected reject VBD 7960 13578 3 both both CC 7960 13578 4 Anglicanism Anglicanism NNP 7960 13578 5 and and CC 7960 13578 6 Presbyterianism Presbyterianism NNP 7960 13578 7 and and CC 7960 13578 8 desired desire VBD 7960 13578 9 to to TO 7960 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A.D. 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13599 4 that that IN 7960 13599 5 this this DT 7960 13599 6 republic republic NN 7960 13599 7 was be VBD 7960 13599 8 the the DT 7960 13599 9 creation creation NN 7960 13599 10 of of IN 7960 13599 11 a a DT 7960 13599 12 minority minority NN 7960 13599 13 . . . 7960 13600 1 The the DT 7960 13600 2 Anglicans Anglicans NNPS 7960 13600 3 , , , 7960 13600 4 the the DT 7960 13600 5 Presbyterians Presbyterians NNPS 7960 13600 6 , , , 7960 13600 7 and and CC 7960 13600 8 the the DT 7960 13600 9 Roman Roman NNP 7960 13600 10 Catholics Catholics NNPS 7960 13600 11 were be VBD 7960 13600 12 willing willing JJ 7960 13600 13 to to TO 7960 13600 14 restore restore VB 7960 13600 15 the the DT 7960 13600 16 monarchy monarchy NN 7960 13600 17 , , , 7960 13600 18 but but CC 7960 13600 19 as as RB 7960 13600 20 long long RB 7960 13600 21 as as IN 7960 13600 22 the the DT 7960 13600 23 power power NN 7960 13600 24 lay lie VBD 7960 13600 25 with with IN 7960 13600 26 the the DT 7960 13600 27 army army NN 7960 13600 28 , , , 7960 13600 29 the the DT 7960 13600 30 small small JJ 7960 13600 31 sect sect NN 7960 13600 32 of of IN 7960 13600 33 Independents Independents NNPS 7960 13600 34 could could MD 7960 13600 35 impose impose VB 7960 13600 36 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 13600 37 will will NN 7960 13600 38 on on IN 7960 13600 39 the the DT 7960 13600 40 great great JJ 7960 13600 41 majority majority NN 7960 13600 42 of of IN 7960 13600 43 the the DT 7960 13600 44 English english JJ 7960 13600 45 people people NNS 7960 13600 46 . . . 7960 13601 1 SUBJECTION subjection NN 7960 13601 2 OF of IN 7960 13601 3 IRELAND IRELAND NNP 7960 13601 4 Besides besides IN 7960 13601 5 confusion confusion NN 7960 13601 6 and and CC 7960 13601 7 discontent discontent NN 7960 13601 8 at at IN 7960 13601 9 home home NN 7960 13601 10 , , , 7960 13601 11 many many JJ 7960 13601 12 dangers danger NNS 7960 13601 13 confronted confront VBD 7960 13601 14 the the DT 7960 13601 15 Commonwealth Commonwealth NNP 7960 13601 16 abroad abroad RB 7960 13601 17 . . . 7960 13602 1 In in IN 7960 13602 2 both both CC 7960 13602 3 Ireland Ireland NNP 7960 13602 4 and and CC 7960 13602 5 Scotland Scotland NNP 7960 13602 6 Prince Prince NNP 7960 13602 7 Charles Charles NNP 7960 13602 8 , , , 7960 13602 9 the the DT 7960 13602 10 oldest old JJS 7960 13602 11 son son NN 7960 13602 12 of of IN 7960 13602 13 the the DT 7960 13602 14 dead dead JJ 7960 13602 15 sovereign sovereign NN 7960 13602 16 , , , 7960 13602 17 had have VBD 7960 13602 18 been be VBN 7960 13602 19 proclaimed proclaim VBN 7960 13602 20 king king NN 7960 13602 21 . . . 7960 13603 1 But but CC 7960 13603 2 Cromwell Cromwell NNP 7960 13603 3 rose rise VBD 7960 13603 4 to to IN 7960 13603 5 the the DT 7960 13603 6 emergency emergency NN 7960 13603 7 . . . 7960 13604 1 Invading invade VBG 7960 13604 2 Ireland Ireland NNP 7960 13604 3 with with IN 7960 13604 4 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 13604 5 trained train VBN 7960 13604 6 soldiers soldier NNS 7960 13604 7 , , , 7960 13604 8 he -PRON- PRP 7960 13604 9 captured capture VBD 7960 13604 10 town town NN 7960 13604 11 after after IN 7960 13604 12 town town NN 7960 13604 13 , , , 7960 13604 14 slaughtered slaughter VBD 7960 13604 15 many many JJ 7960 13604 16 royalists royalist NNS 7960 13604 17 , , , 7960 13604 18 and and CC 7960 13604 19 shipped ship VBD 7960 13604 20 many many JJ 7960 13604 21 more more JJR 7960 13604 22 to to IN 7960 13604 23 the the DT 7960 13604 24 West West NNP 7960 13604 25 Indies Indies NNP 7960 13604 26 as as IN 7960 13604 27 slaves slave NNS 7960 13604 28 . . . 7960 13605 1 This this DT 7960 13605 2 time time NN 7960 13605 3 Ireland Ireland NNP 7960 13605 4 was be VBD 7960 13605 5 completely completely RB 7960 13605 6 subdued subdue VBN 7960 13605 7 , , , 7960 13605 8 at at IN 7960 13605 9 a a DT 7960 13605 10 cost cost NN 7960 13605 11 , , , 7960 13605 12 from from IN 7960 13605 13 fighting fighting NN 7960 13605 14 , , , 7960 13605 15 famine famine NN 7960 13605 16 , , , 7960 13605 17 and and CC 7960 13605 18 pestilence pestilence NN 7960 13605 19 , , , 7960 13605 20 of of IN 7960 13605 21 the the DT 7960 13605 22 lives life NNS 7960 13605 23 of of IN 7960 13605 24 a a DT 7960 13605 25 third third NN 7960 13605 26 of of IN 7960 13605 27 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 13605 28 population population NN 7960 13605 29 . . . 7960 13606 1 Cromwell Cromwell NNP 7960 13606 2 confiscated confiscate VBD 7960 13606 3 the the DT 7960 13606 4 land land NN 7960 13606 5 of of IN 7960 13606 6 those those DT 7960 13606 7 who who WP 7960 13606 8 had have VBD 7960 13606 9 supported support VBN 7960 13606 10 the the DT 7960 13606 11 royalist royalist NN 7960 13606 12 cause cause NN 7960 13606 13 and and CC 7960 13606 14 planted plant VBD 7960 13606 15 colonies colony NNS 7960 13606 16 of of IN 7960 13606 17 English English NNP 7960 13606 18 Protestants Protestants NNPS 7960 13606 19 in in IN 7960 13606 20 Ulster Ulster NNP 7960 13606 21 , , , 7960 13606 22 Leinster Leinster NNP 7960 13606 23 , , , 7960 13606 24 and and CC 7960 13606 25 Munster Munster NNP 7960 13606 26 . . . 7960 13607 1 The the DT 7960 13607 2 Roman roman JJ 7960 13607 3 Catholic catholic JJ 7960 13607 4 gentry gentry NN 7960 13607 5 were be VBD 7960 13607 6 compelled compel VBN 7960 13607 7 to to TO 7960 13607 8 remove remove VB 7960 13607 9 beyond beyond IN 7960 13607 10 the the DT 7960 13607 11 Shannon Shannon NNP 7960 13607 12 River River NNP 7960 13607 13 to to IN 7960 13607 14 unfruitful unfruitful JJ 7960 13607 15 Connaught Connaught NNP 7960 13607 16 . . . 7960 13608 1 Even even RB 7960 13608 2 there there EX 7960 13608 3 the the DT 7960 13608 4 public public JJ 7960 13608 5 exercise exercise NN 7960 13608 6 of of IN 7960 13608 7 their -PRON- PRP$ 7960 13608 8 religion religion NN 7960 13608 9 was be VBD 7960 13608 10 forbidden forbid VBN 7960 13608 11 them -PRON- PRP 7960 13608 12 . . . 7960 13609 1 Cromwell Cromwell NNP 7960 13609 2 's 's POS 7960 13609 3 harsh harsh JJ 7960 13609 4 measures measure NNS 7960 13609 5 brought bring VBD 7960 13609 6 peace peace NN 7960 13609 7 to to IN 7960 13609 8 Ireland Ireland NNP 7960 13609 9 , , , 7960 13609 10 but but CC 7960 13609 11 only only RB 7960 13609 12 intensified intensify VBD 7960 13609 13 the the DT 7960 13609 14 hatred hatred NN 7960 13609 15 felt feel VBN 7960 13609 16 by by IN 7960 13609 17 Irish Irish NNP 7960 13609 18 Roman Roman NNP 7960 13609 19 Catholics Catholics NNPS 7960 13609 20 for for IN 7960 13609 21 Protestant Protestant NNP 7960 13609 22 England England NNP 7960 13609 23 . . . 7960 13610 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 13610 2 24 24 CD 7960 13610 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 13610 4 SCOTLAND SCOTLAND NNP 7960 13610 5 SUBDUED SUBDUED NNP 7960 13610 6 While while IN 7960 13610 7 Cromwell Cromwell NNP 7960 13610 8 was be VBD 7960 13610 9 still still RB 7960 13610 10 in in IN 7960 13610 11 Ireland Ireland NNP 7960 13610 12 , , , 7960 13610 13 Prince Prince NNP 7960 13610 14 Charles Charles NNP 7960 13610 15 , , , 7960 13610 16 who who WP 7960 13610 17 had have VBD 7960 13610 18 been be VBN 7960 13610 19 living live VBG 7960 13610 20 as as IN 7960 13610 21 an an DT 7960 13610 22 exile exile NN 7960 13610 23 at at IN 7960 13610 24 the the DT 7960 13610 25 French french JJ 7960 13610 26 court court NN 7960 13610 27 , , , 7960 13610 28 came come VBD 7960 13610 29 to to IN 7960 13610 30 Scotland Scotland NNP 7960 13610 31 . . . 7960 13611 1 On on IN 7960 13611 2 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 13611 3 promise promise NN 7960 13611 4 to to TO 7960 13611 5 be be VB 7960 13611 6 a a DT 7960 13611 7 Presbyterian presbyterian JJ 7960 13611 8 king king NN 7960 13611 9 the the DT 7960 13611 10 whole whole JJ 7960 13611 11 nation nation NN 7960 13611 12 agreed agree VBD 7960 13611 13 to to TO 7960 13611 14 support support VB 7960 13611 15 him -PRON- PRP 7960 13611 16 . . . 7960 13612 1 Cromwell Cromwell NNP 7960 13612 2 , , , 7960 13612 3 in in IN 7960 13612 4 two two CD 7960 13612 5 pitched pitch VBN 7960 13612 6 battles battle NNS 7960 13612 7 , , , 7960 13612 8 broke break VBD 7960 13612 9 up up RP 7960 13612 10 the the DT 7960 13612 11 Scotch Scotch NNP 7960 13612 12 armies army NNS 7960 13612 13 and and CC 7960 13612 14 compelled compel VBD 7960 13612 15 Prince Prince NNP 7960 13612 16 Charles Charles NNP 7960 13612 17 to to TO 7960 13612 18 seek seek VB 7960 13612 19 safety safety NN 7960 13612 20 in in IN 7960 13612 21 flight flight NN 7960 13612 22 . . . 7960 13613 1 After after IN 7960 13613 2 thrilling thrill VBG 7960 13613 3 adventures adventure VBZ 7960 13613 4 the the DT 7960 13613 5 prince prince NN 7960 13613 6 managed manage VBD 7960 13613 7 to to TO 7960 13613 8 reach reach VB 7960 13613 9 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 13613 10 asylum asylum NN 7960 13613 11 in in IN 7960 13613 12 France France NNP 7960 13613 13 . . . 7960 13614 1 Cromwell Cromwell NNP 7960 13614 2 treated treat VBD 7960 13614 3 the the DT 7960 13614 4 Scotch Scotch NNP 7960 13614 5 with with IN 7960 13614 6 leniency leniency NN 7960 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1653 CD 7960 13615 21 A.D. 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12 the the DT 7960 13623 13 hands hand NNS 7960 13623 14 of of IN 7960 13623 15 Cromwell Cromwell NNP 7960 13623 16 . . . 7960 13624 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 13624 2 Illustration illustration NN 7960 13624 3 : : : 7960 13624 4 GREAT great JJ 7960 13624 5 SEAL SEAL NNS 7960 13624 6 OF of IN 7960 13624 7 ENGLAND ENGLAND NNP 7960 13624 8 UNDER under IN 7960 13624 9 THE the DT 7960 13624 10 COMMONWEALTH COMMONWEALTH NNP 7960 13624 11 ( ( -LRB- 7960 13624 12 REDUCED REDUCED NNP 7960 13624 13 ) ) -RRB- 7960 13624 14 The the DT 7960 13624 15 reverse reverse NN 7960 13624 16 represents represent VBZ 7960 13624 17 the the DT 7960 13624 18 House House NNP 7960 13624 19 of of IN 7960 13624 20 Commons Commons NNPS 7960 13624 21 in in IN 7960 13624 22 session session NN 7960 13624 23 . . . 7960 13624 24 ] ] -RRB- 7960 13625 1 THE the DT 7960 13625 2 INSTRUMENT instrument NN 7960 13625 3 OF of IN 7960 13625 4 GOVERNMENT GOVERNMENT NNP 7960 13625 5 By by IN 7960 13625 6 force force NN 7960 13625 7 of of IN 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A.D. 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NNP 7960 13632 6 Two two CD 7960 13632 7 years year NNS 7960 13632 8 later later RB 7960 13632 9 the the DT 7960 13632 10 nation nation NN 7960 13632 11 , , , 7960 13632 12 weary weary JJ 7960 13632 13 of of IN 7960 13632 14 military military JJ 7960 13632 15 rule rule NN 7960 13632 16 , , , 7960 13632 17 restored restore VBD 7960 13632 18 Charles Charles NNP 7960 13632 19 II II NNP 7960 13632 20 to to IN 7960 13632 21 the the DT 7960 13632 22 throne throne NN 7960 13632 23 of of IN 7960 13632 24 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 13632 25 ancestors ancestor NNS 7960 13632 26 . . . 7960 13633 1 THE the DT 7960 13633 2 PURITAN PURITAN NNP 7960 13633 3 REVOLUTION revolution NN 7960 13633 4 It -PRON- PRP 7960 13633 5 seemed seem VBD 7960 13633 6 , , , 7960 13633 7 indeed indeed RB 7960 13633 8 , , , 7960 13633 9 as as IN 7960 13633 10 if if IN 7960 13633 11 the the DT 7960 13633 12 Puritan Puritan NNP 7960 13633 13 Revolution Revolution NNP 7960 13633 14 had have VBD 7960 13633 15 been be VBN 7960 13633 16 a a DT 7960 13633 17 complete complete JJ 7960 13633 18 failure failure NN 7960 13633 19 . . . 7960 13634 1 But but CC 7960 13634 2 this this DT 7960 13634 3 was be VBD 7960 13634 4 hardly hardly RB 7960 13634 5 true true JJ 7960 13634 6 . . . 7960 13635 1 The the DT 7960 13635 2 revolution revolution NN 7960 13635 3 arrested arrest VBD 7960 13635 4 the the DT 7960 13635 5 growth growth NN 7960 13635 6 of of IN 7960 13635 7 absolutism absolutism NN 7960 13635 8 in in IN 7960 13635 9 England England NNP 7960 13635 10 . . . 7960 13636 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 13636 2 created create VBD 7960 13636 3 among among IN 7960 13636 4 Englishmen Englishmen NNP 7960 13636 5 a a DT 7960 13636 6 lasting lasting JJ 7960 13636 7 hostility hostility NN 7960 13636 8 to to IN 7960 13636 9 absolute absolute JJ 7960 13636 10 power power NN 7960 13636 11 , , , 7960 13636 12 whether whether IN 7960 13636 13 exercised exercise VBN 7960 13636 14 by by IN 7960 13636 15 King King NNP 7960 13636 16 , , , 7960 13636 17 Parliament Parliament NNP 7960 13636 18 , , , 7960 13636 19 Protector Protector NNP 7960 13636 20 , , , 7960 13636 21 or or CC 7960 13636 22 army army NN 7960 13636 23 . . . 7960 13637 1 And and CC 7960 13637 2 , , , 7960 13637 3 furthermore furthermore RB 7960 13637 4 , , , 7960 13637 5 it -PRON- PRP 7960 13637 6 sent send VBD 7960 13637 7 forth forth RB 7960 13637 8 into into IN 7960 13637 9 the the DT 7960 13637 10 world world NN 7960 13637 11 ideas idea NNS 7960 13637 12 of of IN 7960 13637 13 political political JJ 7960 13637 14 liberty liberty NN 7960 13637 15 , , , 7960 13637 16 which which WDT 7960 13637 17 , , , 7960 13637 18 during during IN 7960 13637 19 the the DT 7960 13637 20 eighteenth eighteenth JJ 7960 13637 21 century century NN 7960 13637 22 , , , 7960 13637 23 helped help VBD 7960 13637 24 to to TO 7960 13637 25 produce produce VB 7960 13637 26 the the DT 7960 13637 27 American american JJ 7960 13637 28 and and CC 7960 13637 29 French french JJ 7960 13637 30 revolutions revolution NNS 7960 13637 31 . . . 7960 13638 1 248 248 CD 7960 13638 2 . . . 7960 13639 1 THE the DT 7960 13639 2 RESTORATION restoration NN 7960 13639 3 AND and CC 7960 13639 4 THE the DT 7960 13639 5 " " `` 7960 13639 6 GLORIOUS GLORIOUS NNP 7960 13639 7 REVOLUTION REVOLUTION NNP 7960 13639 8 , , , 7960 13639 9 " " '' 7960 13639 10 1660 1660 CD 7960 13639 11 - - HYPH 7960 13639 12 1689 1689 CD 7960 13639 13 A.D. 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NNP 7960 13639 23 Charles Charles NNP 7960 13639 24 II II NNP 7960 13639 25 , , , 7960 13639 26 on on IN 7960 13639 27 mounting mount VBG 7960 13639 28 the the DT 7960 13639 29 throne throne NN 7960 13639 30 , , , 7960 13639 31 pledged pledge VBD 7960 13639 32 himself -PRON- PRP 7960 13639 33 to to TO 7960 13639 34 maintain maintain VB 7960 13639 35 Magna Magna NNP 7960 13639 36 Carta Carta NNP 7960 13639 37 , , , 7960 13639 38 the the DT 7960 13639 39 Petition Petition NNP 7960 13639 40 of of IN 7960 13639 41 Right Right NNP 7960 13639 42 , , , 7960 13639 43 and and CC 7960 13639 44 other other JJ 7960 13639 45 statutes statute NNS 7960 13639 46 limiting limit VBG 7960 13639 47 the the DT 7960 13639 48 royal royal JJ 7960 13639 49 power power NN 7960 13639 50 . . . 7960 13640 1 The the DT 7960 13640 2 people people NNS 7960 13640 3 of of IN 7960 13640 4 England England NNP 7960 13640 5 wished wish VBD 7960 13640 6 to to TO 7960 13640 7 be be VB 7960 13640 8 governed govern VBN 7960 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13641 19 a a DT 7960 13641 20 conflict conflict NN 7960 13641 21 threatened threaten VBD 7960 13641 22 with with IN 7960 13641 23 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 13641 24 ministers minister NNS 7960 13641 25 or or CC 7960 13641 26 Parliament Parliament NNP 7960 13641 27 , , , 7960 13641 28 always always RB 7960 13641 29 avoided avoid VBD 7960 13641 30 it -PRON- PRP 7960 13641 31 by by IN 7960 13641 32 timely timely JJ 7960 13641 33 concessions concession NNS 7960 13641 34 . . . 7960 13642 1 Whatever whatever WDT 7960 13642 2 happened happen VBD 7960 13642 3 , , , 7960 13642 4 he -PRON- PRP 7960 13642 5 used use VBD 7960 13642 6 to to TO 7960 13642 7 say say VB 7960 13642 8 , , , 7960 13642 9 he -PRON- PRP 7960 13642 10 was be VBD 7960 13642 11 resolved resolve VBN 7960 13642 12 " " `` 7960 13642 13 never never RB 7960 13642 14 to to TO 7960 13642 15 set set VB 7960 13642 16 on on IN 7960 13642 17 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 13642 18 travels travel NNS 7960 13642 19 again again RB 7960 13642 20 . . . 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and and CC 7960 13646 31 games game NNS 7960 13646 32 , , , 7960 13646 33 the the DT 7960 13646 34 village village NN 7960 13646 35 festivals festival NNS 7960 13646 36 , , , 7960 13646 37 and and CC 7960 13646 38 the the DT 7960 13646 39 popular popular JJ 7960 13646 40 drama drama NN 7960 13646 41 . . . 7960 13647 1 When when WRB 7960 13647 2 Puritanism Puritanism NNP 7960 13647 3 disappeared disappear VBD 7960 13647 4 , , , 7960 13647 5 the the DT 7960 13647 6 people people NNS 7960 13647 7 went go VBD 7960 13647 8 to to IN 7960 13647 9 the the DT 7960 13647 10 opposite opposite JJ 7960 13647 11 extreme extreme NN 7960 13647 12 and and CC 7960 13647 13 cast cast VBD 7960 13647 14 off off RP 7960 13647 15 all all DT 7960 13647 16 restraint restraint NN 7960 13647 17 . . . 7960 13648 1 In in IN 7960 13648 2 this this DT 7960 13648 3 the the DT 7960 13648 4 king king NN 7960 13648 5 , , , 7960 13648 6 who who WP 7960 13648 7 had have VBD 7960 13648 8 lived live VBN 7960 13648 9 long 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France France NNP 7960 13666 10 , , , 7960 13666 11 had have VBD 7960 13666 12 become become VBN 7960 13666 13 partial partial JJ 7960 13666 14 to to IN 7960 13666 15 Roman Roman NNP 7960 13666 16 Catholicism Catholicism NNP 7960 13666 17 , , , 7960 13666 18 though though IN 7960 13666 19 he -PRON- PRP 7960 13666 20 did do VBD 7960 13666 21 not not RB 7960 13666 22 formally formally RB 7960 13666 23 embrace embrace VB 7960 13666 24 that that DT 7960 13666 25 faith faith NN 7960 13666 26 until until IN 7960 13666 27 at at IN 7960 13666 28 the the DT 7960 13666 29 moment moment NN 7960 13666 30 of of IN 7960 13666 31 death death NN 7960 13666 32 . . . 7960 13667 1 His -PRON- PRP$ 7960 13667 2 brother brother NN 7960 13667 3 James James NNP 7960 13667 4 , , , 7960 13667 5 the the DT 7960 13667 6 heir heir NN 7960 13667 7 to to IN 7960 13667 8 the the DT 7960 13667 9 throne throne NN 7960 13667 10 , , , 7960 13667 11 became become VBD 7960 13667 12 an an DT 7960 13667 13 open open JJ 7960 13667 14 Roman Roman NNP 7960 13667 15 Catholic Catholic NNP 7960 13667 16 , , , 7960 13667 17 however however RB 7960 13667 18 , , , 7960 13667 19 much much RB 7960 13667 20 to to IN 7960 13667 21 the the DT 7960 13667 22 disgust disgust NN 7960 13667 23 of of IN 7960 13667 24 many many JJ 7960 13667 25 members member NNS 7960 13667 26 of of IN 7960 13667 27 Parliament Parliament NNP 7960 13667 28 . . . 7960 13668 1 A a DT 7960 13668 2 bill bill NN 7960 13668 3 was be VBD 7960 13668 4 now now RB 7960 13668 5 brought bring VBN 7960 13668 6 forward forward RB 7960 13668 7 to to TO 7960 13668 8 exclude exclude VB 7960 13668 9 Prince Prince NNP 7960 13668 10 James James NNP 7960 13668 11 from from IN 7960 13668 12 the the DT 7960 13668 13 succession succession NN 7960 13668 14 , , , 7960 13668 15 because because IN 7960 13668 16 of of IN 7960 13668 17 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 13668 18 conversion conversion NN 7960 13668 19 . . . 7960 13669 1 Its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 13669 2 supporters supporter NNS 7960 13669 3 received receive VBD 7960 13669 4 the the DT 7960 13669 5 nickname nickname NN 7960 13669 6 of of IN 7960 13669 7 Whigs Whigs NNP 7960 13669 8 , , , 7960 13669 9 while while IN 7960 13669 10 those those DT 7960 13669 11 who who WP 7960 13669 12 opposed oppose VBD 7960 13669 13 it -PRON- PRP 7960 13669 14 were be VBD 7960 13669 15 called call VBN 7960 13669 16 Tories Tories NNPS 7960 13669 17 . . . 7960 13670 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 13670 2 27 27 CD 7960 13670 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 13670 4 The the DT 7960 13670 5 bill bill NN 7960 13670 6 did do VBD 7960 13670 7 not not RB 7960 13670 8 pass pass VB 7960 13670 9 the the DT 7960 13670 10 House House NNP 7960 13670 11 of of IN 7960 13670 12 Lords Lords NNPS 7960 13670 13 , , , 7960 13670 14 but but CC 7960 13670 15 the the DT 7960 13670 16 two two CD 7960 13670 17 parties party NNS 7960 13670 18 in in IN 7960 13670 19 Parliament Parliament NNP 7960 13670 20 continued continue VBD 7960 13670 21 to to TO 7960 13670 22 divide divide VB 7960 13670 23 on on IN 7960 13670 24 other other JJ 7960 13670 25 questions question NNS 7960 13670 26 . . . 7960 13671 1 They -PRON- PRP 7960 13671 2 survive survive VBP 7960 13671 3 to to IN 7960 13671 4 - - HYPH 7960 13671 5 day day NN 7960 13671 6 as as IN 7960 13671 7 the the DT 7960 13671 8 Liberals Liberals NNPS 7960 13671 9 and and CC 7960 13671 10 the the DT 7960 13671 11 Conservatives Conservatives NNPS 7960 13671 12 , , , 7960 13671 13 and and CC 7960 13671 14 still still RB 7960 13671 15 dispute dispute VB 7960 13671 16 the the DT 7960 13671 17 government government NN 7960 13671 18 of of IN 7960 13671 19 England England NNP 7960 13671 20 between between IN 7960 13671 21 them -PRON- PRP 7960 13671 22 . . . 7960 13672 1 REIGN reign NN 7960 13672 2 OF of IN 7960 13672 3 JAMES JAMES NNP 7960 13672 4 II II NNP 7960 13672 5 , , , 7960 13672 6 1685 1685 CD 7960 13672 7 - - SYM 7960 13672 8 1688 1688 CD 7960 13672 9 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 13672 10 James James NNP 7960 13672 11 II II NNP 7960 13672 12 was be VBD 7960 13672 13 without without IN 7960 13672 14 the the DT 7960 13672 15 attractive attractive JJ 7960 13672 16 personality personality NN 7960 13672 17 which which WDT 7960 13672 18 had have VBD 7960 13672 19 made make VBN 7960 13672 20 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 13672 21 brother brother NN 7960 13672 22 a a DT 7960 13672 23 popular popular JJ 7960 13672 24 ruler ruler NN 7960 13672 25 ; ; : 7960 13672 26 moreover moreover RB 7960 13672 27 , , , 7960 13672 28 he -PRON- PRP 7960 13672 29 was be VBD 7960 13672 30 an an DT 7960 13672 31 avowed avowed JJ 7960 13672 32 Roman roman JJ 7960 13672 33 Catholic Catholic NNP 7960 13672 34 and and CC 7960 13672 35 a a DT 7960 13672 36 staunch staunch JJ 7960 13672 37 believer believer NN 7960 13672 38 in in IN 7960 13672 39 the the DT 7960 13672 40 divine divine JJ 7960 13672 41 right right NN 7960 13672 42 of of IN 7960 13672 43 kings king NNS 7960 13672 44 . . . 7960 13673 1 During during IN 7960 13673 2 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 13673 3 three three CD 7960 13673 4 years year NNS 7960 13673 5 ' ' POS 7960 13673 6 reign reign NN 7960 13673 7 , , , 7960 13673 8 James James NNP 7960 13673 9 managed manage VBD 7960 13673 10 to to TO 7960 13673 11 make make VB 7960 13673 12 enemies enemy NNS 7960 13673 13 of of IN 7960 13673 14 most most JJS 7960 13673 15 of of IN 7960 13673 16 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 13673 17 Protestant protestant JJ 7960 13673 18 subjects subject NNS 7960 13673 19 . . . 7960 13674 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 13674 2 " " `` 7960 13674 3 suspended suspend VBD 7960 13674 4 " " '' 7960 13674 5 the the DT 7960 13674 6 laws law NNS 7960 13674 7 against against IN 7960 13674 8 Roman Roman NNP 7960 13674 9 Catholics Catholics NNPS 7960 13674 10 and and CC 7960 13674 11 appointed appoint VBD 7960 13674 12 them -PRON- PRP 7960 13674 13 to to IN 7960 13674 14 positions position NNS 7960 13674 15 of of IN 7960 13674 16 authority authority NN 7960 13674 17 and and CC 7960 13674 18 influence influence NN 7960 13674 19 . . . 7960 13675 1 James James NNP 7960 13675 2 also also RB 7960 13675 3 dismissed dismiss VBD 7960 13675 4 Parliament Parliament NNP 7960 13675 5 and and CC 7960 13675 6 supported support VBD 7960 13675 7 himself -PRON- PRP 7960 13675 8 with with IN 7960 13675 9 subsidies subsidy NNS 7960 13675 10 from from IN 7960 13675 11 Louis Louis NNP 7960 13675 12 XIV XIV NNP 7960 13675 13 . . . 7960 13676 1 At at IN 7960 13676 2 last last JJ 7960 13676 3 a a DT 7960 13676 4 number number NN 7960 13676 5 of of IN 7960 13676 6 Whig Whig NNP 7960 13676 7 and and CC 7960 13676 8 Tory Tory NNP 7960 13676 9 leaders leader NNS 7960 13676 10 , , , 7960 13676 11 representing represent VBG 7960 13676 12 both both DT 7960 13676 13 parties party NNS 7960 13676 14 in in IN 7960 13676 15 Parliament Parliament NNP 7960 13676 16 , , , 7960 13676 17 invited invite VBD 7960 13676 18 that that IN 7960 13676 19 sturdy sturdy JJ 7960 13676 20 Protestant Protestant NNP 7960 13676 21 , , , 7960 13676 22 William William NNP 7960 13676 23 of of IN 7960 13676 24 Orange Orange NNP 7960 13676 25 , , , 7960 13676 26 [ [ -LRB- 7960 13676 27 28 28 CD 7960 13676 28 ] ] -RRB- 7960 13676 29 to to TO 7960 13676 30 rescue rescue VB 7960 13676 31 England England NNP 7960 13676 32 from from IN 7960 13676 33 Stuart Stuart NNP 7960 13676 34 absolutism absolutism NN 7960 13676 35 . . . 7960 13677 1 ACCESSION accession NN 7960 13677 2 OF of IN 7960 13677 3 WILLIAM WILLIAM NNP 7960 13677 4 AND and CC 7960 13677 5 MARY MARY NNP 7960 13677 6 , , , 7960 13677 7 1689 1689 CD 7960 13677 8 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 13677 9 William William NNP 7960 13677 10 landed land VBD 7960 13677 11 in in IN 7960 13677 12 England England NNP 7960 13677 13 with with IN 7960 13677 14 a a DT 7960 13677 15 small small JJ 7960 13677 16 army army NN 7960 13677 17 and and CC 7960 13677 18 marched march VBD 7960 13677 19 unopposed unopposed JJ 7960 13677 20 to to IN 7960 13677 21 London London NNP 7960 13677 22 . . . 7960 13678 1 The the DT 7960 13678 2 wretched wretched JJ 7960 13678 3 king king NN 7960 13678 4 , , , 7960 13678 5 deserted desert VBN 7960 13678 6 by by IN 7960 13678 7 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 13678 8 courtiers courtier NNS 7960 13678 9 and and CC 7960 13678 10 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 13678 11 soldiers soldier NNS 7960 13678 12 , , , 7960 13678 13 soon soon RB 7960 13678 14 found find VBD 7960 13678 15 himself -PRON- PRP 7960 13678 16 Harness Harness NNP 7960 13678 17 alone alone JJ 7960 13678 18 . . . 7960 13679 1 He -PRON- PRP 7960 13679 2 fled flee VBD 7960 13679 3 to to IN 7960 13679 4 France France NNP 7960 13679 5 , , , 7960 13679 6 where where WRB 7960 13679 7 he -PRON- PRP 7960 13679 8 lived live VBD 7960 13679 9 the the DT 7960 13679 10 remainder remainder NN 7960 13679 11 of of IN 7960 13679 12 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 13679 13 days day NNS 7960 13679 14 as as IN 7960 13679 15 a a DT 7960 13679 16 pensioner pensioner NN 7960 13679 17 at at IN 7960 13679 18 the the DT 7960 13679 19 court court NN 7960 13679 20 of of IN 7960 13679 21 Louis Louis NNP 7960 13679 22 XIV XIV NNP 7960 13679 23 . . . 7960 13680 1 Parliament Parliament NNP 7960 13680 2 granted grant VBD 7960 13680 3 the the DT 7960 13680 4 throne throne NN 7960 13680 5 conjointly conjointly RB 7960 13680 6 to to IN 7960 13680 7 William William NNP 7960 13680 8 and and CC 7960 13680 9 Mary Mary NNP 7960 13680 10 , , , 7960 13680 11 William William NNP 7960 13680 12 to to TO 7960 13680 13 rule rule VB 7960 13680 14 during during IN 7960 13680 15 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 13680 16 lifetime lifetime NN 7960 13680 17 and and CC 7960 13680 18 Mary Mary NNP 7960 13680 19 to to TO 7960 13680 20 have have VB 7960 13680 21 the the DT 7960 13680 22 succession succession NN 7960 13680 23 , , , 7960 13680 24 should should MD 7960 13680 25 she -PRON- PRP 7960 13680 26 survive survive VB 7960 13680 27 him -PRON- PRP 7960 13680 28 . . . 7960 13681 1 THE the DT 7960 13681 2 BILL BILL NNP 7960 13681 3 OF of IN 7960 13681 4 RIGHTS RIGHTS NNP 7960 13681 5 In in IN 7960 13681 6 settling settle VBG 7960 13681 7 the the DT 7960 13681 8 crown crown NN 7960 13681 9 on on IN 7960 13681 10 William William NNP 7960 13681 11 and and CC 7960 13681 12 Mary Mary NNP 7960 13681 13 , , , 7960 13681 14 Parliament Parliament NNP 7960 13681 15 took take VBD 7960 13681 16 care care NN 7960 13681 17 to to TO 7960 13681 18 safeguard safeguard VB 7960 13681 19 its -PRON- PRP$ 7960 13681 20 own own JJ 7960 13681 21 authority authority NN 7960 13681 22 and and CC 7960 13681 23 the the DT 7960 13681 24 of of IN 7960 13681 25 Protestant Protestant NNP 7960 13681 26 religion religion NN 7960 13681 27 . . . 7960 13682 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 13682 2 enacted enact VBD 7960 13682 3 the the DT 7960 13682 4 Bill Bill NNP 7960 13682 5 of of IN 7960 13682 6 Rights Rights NNPS 7960 13682 7 , , , 7960 13682 8 which which WDT 7960 13682 9 has have VBZ 7960 13682 10 a a DT 7960 13682 11 place place NN 7960 13682 12 by by IN 7960 13682 13 the the DT 7960 13682 14 side side NN 7960 13682 15 of of IN 7960 13682 16 Magna Magna NNP 7960 13682 17 Carta Carta NNP 7960 13682 18 and and CC 7960 13682 19 the the DT 7960 13682 20 Petition Petition NNP 7960 13682 21 of of IN 7960 13682 22 Right Right NNP 7960 13682 23 among among IN 7960 13682 24 the the DT 7960 13682 25 great great JJ 7960 13682 26 documents document NNS 7960 13682 27 of of IN 7960 13682 28 English english JJ 7960 13682 29 constitutional constitutional JJ 7960 13682 30 history history NN 7960 13682 31 . . . 7960 13683 1 This this DT 7960 13683 2 act act NN 7960 13683 3 decreed decree VBD 7960 13683 4 that that IN 7960 13683 5 the the DT 7960 13683 6 sovereign sovereign NN 7960 13683 7 must must MD 7960 13683 8 henceforth henceforth RB 7960 13683 9 be be VB 7960 13683 10 a a DT 7960 13683 11 member member NN 7960 13683 12 of of IN 7960 13683 13 the the DT 7960 13683 14 Anglican Anglican NNP 7960 13683 15 Church Church NNP 7960 13683 16 . . . 7960 13684 1 It -PRON- PRP 7960 13684 2 forbade forbid VBD 7960 13684 3 the the DT 7960 13684 4 sovereign sovereign NN 7960 13684 5 to to TO 7960 13684 6 " " `` 7960 13684 7 suspend suspend VB 7960 13684 8 " " '' 7960 13684 9 the the DT 7960 13684 10 operation operation NN 7960 13684 11 of of IN 7960 13684 12 the the DT 7960 13684 13 laws law NNS 7960 13684 14 , , , 7960 13684 15 or or CC 7960 13684 16 to to TO 7960 13684 17 levy levy VB 7960 13684 18 money money NN 7960 13684 19 or or CC 7960 13684 20 maintain maintain VB 7960 13684 21 a a DT 7960 13684 22 standing stand VBG 7960 13684 23 army army NN 7960 13684 24 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13688 4 the the DT 7960 13688 5 first first JJ 7960 13688 6 ten ten CD 7960 13688 7 amendments amendment NNS 7960 13688 8 to to IN 7960 13688 9 the the DT 7960 13688 10 Constitution Constitution NNP 7960 13688 11 of of IN 7960 13688 12 the the DT 7960 13688 13 United United NNP 7960 13688 14 States States NNP 7960 13688 15 . . . 7960 13689 1 THE the DT 7960 13689 2 TOLERATION TOLERATION NNP 7960 13689 3 ACT ACT NNP 7960 13689 4 At at IN 7960 13689 5 this this DT 7960 13689 6 time time NN 7960 13689 7 , , , 7960 13689 8 also also RB 7960 13689 9 , , , 7960 13689 10 England England NNP 7960 13689 11 took take VBD 7960 13689 12 an an DT 7960 13689 13 important important JJ 7960 13689 14 step step NN 7960 13689 15 in in IN 7960 13689 16 the the DT 7960 13689 17 direction direction NN 7960 13689 18 of of IN 7960 13689 19 religious religious JJ 7960 13689 20 liberty liberty NN 7960 13689 21 . . . 7960 13690 1 Parliament Parliament NNP 7960 13690 2 passed pass VBD 7960 13690 3 a a DT 7960 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7960 13727 10 most most RBS 7960 13727 11 distinguished distinguished JJ 7960 13727 12 scientists scientist NNS 7960 13727 13 of of IN 7960 13727 14 England England NNP 7960 13727 15 . . . 7960 13728 1 The the DT 7960 13728 2 Royal Royal NNP 7960 13728 3 Observatory Observatory NNP 7960 13728 4 at at IN 7960 13728 5 Greenwich Greenwich NNP 7960 13728 6 also also RB 7960 13728 7 dates date VBZ 7960 13728 8 from from IN 7960 13728 9 the the DT 7960 13728 10 period period NN 7960 13728 11 of of IN 7960 13728 12 the the DT 7960 13728 13 Restoration Restoration NNP 7960 13728 14 . . . 7960 13729 1 Altogether altogether RB 7960 13729 2 much much JJ 7960 13729 3 was be VBD 7960 13729 4 being be VBG 7960 13729 5 done do VBN 7960 13729 6 to to TO 7960 13729 7 uncover uncover VB 7960 13729 8 the the DT 7960 13729 9 secrets secret NNS 7960 13729 10 of of IN 7960 13729 11 nature nature NN 7960 13729 12 . . . 7960 13730 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 13730 2 Illustration illustration NN 7960 13730 3 : : : 7960 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I. NNP 7960 13738 1 In in IN 7960 13738 2 1611 1611 CD 7960 13738 3 A.D. A.D. 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notable notable JJ 7960 13750 8 : : : 7960 13750 9 Pym Pym NNP 7960 13750 10 ; ; : 7960 13750 11 Bossuet bossuet NN 7960 13750 12 ; ; : 7960 13750 13 duke duke NN 7960 13750 14 of of IN 7960 13750 15 Marlborough Marlborough NNP 7960 13750 16 ; ; : 7960 13750 17 Louvois Louvois NNP 7960 13750 18 ; ; : 7960 13750 19 Hampden Hampden NNP 7960 13750 20 ; ; : 7960 13750 21 Mazarin Mazarin NNP 7960 13750 22 ; ; : 7960 13750 23 William William NNP 7960 13750 24 III III NNP 7960 13750 25 ; ; : 7960 13750 26 and and CC 7960 13750 27 Colbert Colbert NNP 7960 13750 28 ? ? . 7960 13751 1 3 3 LS 7960 13751 2 . . . 7960 13752 1 Explain explain VB 7960 13752 2 and and CC 7960 13752 3 illustrate illustrate VB 7960 13752 4 the the DT 7960 13752 5 following follow VBG 7960 13752 6 terms term NNS 7960 13752 7 : : : 7960 13752 8 ( ( -LRB- 7960 13752 9 a a DT 7960 13752 10 ) ) -RRB- 7960 13752 11 balance balance NN 7960 13752 12 of of IN 7960 13752 13 power power NN 7960 13752 14 ; ; : 7960 13752 15 ( ( 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the DT 7960 13758 4 essential essential JJ 7960 13758 5 distinction distinction NN 7960 13758 6 between between IN 7960 13758 7 a a DT 7960 13758 8 " " `` 7960 13758 9 limited limited JJ 7960 13758 10 " " '' 7960 13758 11 or or CC 7960 13758 12 " " `` 7960 13758 13 constitutional constitutional JJ 7960 13758 14 " " '' 7960 13758 15 monarchy monarchy NN 7960 13758 16 and and CC 7960 13758 17 an an DT 7960 13758 18 " " `` 7960 13758 19 absolute absolute JJ 7960 13758 20 " " '' 7960 13758 21 or or CC 7960 13758 22 " " `` 7960 13758 23 autocratic autocratic JJ 7960 13758 24 " " '' 7960 13758 25 monarchy monarchy NN 7960 13758 26 ? ? . 7960 13759 1 7 7 LS 7960 13759 2 . . . 7960 13760 1 Why why WRB 7960 13760 2 is be VBZ 7960 13760 3 it -PRON- PRP 7960 13760 4 very very RB 7960 13760 5 desirable desirable JJ 7960 13760 6 for for IN 7960 13760 7 the the DT 7960 13760 8 United United NNP 7960 13760 9 States States NNP 7960 13760 10 to to TO 7960 13760 11 adopt adopt VB 7960 13760 12 the the 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A.D. NNP 7960 13790 8 was be VBD 7960 13790 9 a a DT 7960 13790 10 " " `` 7960 13790 11 preserving preserving NN 7960 13790 12 " " '' 7960 13790 13 and and CC 7960 13790 14 not not RB 7960 13790 15 a a DT 7960 13790 16 " " `` 7960 13790 17 destroying destroy VBG 7960 13790 18 " " '' 7960 13790 19 revolution revolution NN 7960 13790 20 . . . 7960 13791 1 22 22 CD 7960 13791 2 . . . 7960 13792 1 How how WRB 7960 13792 2 did do VBD 7960 13792 3 the the DT 7960 13792 4 revolution revolution NN 7960 13792 5 of of IN 7960 13792 6 1688 1688 CD 7960 13792 7 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 13792 8 affect affect VBP 7960 13792 9 the the DT 7960 13792 10 fortunes fortune NNS 7960 13792 11 of of IN 7960 13792 12 Louis Louis NNP 7960 13792 13 XIV XIV NNP 7960 13792 14 ? ? . 7960 13793 1 23 23 CD 7960 13793 2 . . . 7960 13794 1 Why why WRB 7960 13794 2 did do VBD 7960 13794 3 it -PRON- PRP 7960 13794 4 prove prove VB 7960 13794 5 more more RBR 7960 13794 6 difficult difficult JJ 7960 13794 7 to to TO 7960 13794 8 establish establish VB 7960 13794 9 a a DT 7960 13794 10 despotic despotic JJ 7960 13794 11 monarchy monarchy NN 7960 13794 12 in in IN 7960 13794 13 England England NNP 7960 13794 14 than than IN 7960 13794 15 in in IN 7960 13794 16 France France NNP 7960 13794 17 during during IN 7960 13794 18 the the DT 7960 13794 19 seventeenth seventeenth JJ 7960 13794 20 century century NN 7960 13794 21 ? ? . 7960 13795 1 24 24 CD 7960 13795 2 . . . 7960 13796 1 What what WP 7960 13796 2 is be VBZ 7960 13796 3 the the DT 7960 13796 4 present present JJ 7960 13796 5 population population NN 7960 13796 6 of of IN 7960 13796 7 England England NNP 7960 13796 8 ? ? . 7960 13797 1 of of IN 7960 13797 2 " " `` 7960 13797 3 Greater Greater NNP 7960 13797 4 London London NNP 7960 13797 5 ? ? . 7960 13797 6 " " '' 7960 13798 1 FOOTNOTES FOOTNOTES NNP 7960 13798 2 [ [ -LRB- 7960 13798 3 1 1 CD 7960 13798 4 ] ] -RRB- 7960 13798 5 Webster Webster NNP 7960 13798 6 , , , 7960 13798 7 _ _ NNP 7960 13798 8 Readings Readings NNP 7960 13798 9 in in IN 7960 13798 10 Medieval Medieval NNP 7960 13798 11 and and CC 7960 13798 12 Modern Modern NNP 7960 13798 13 History History NNP 7960 13798 14 _ _ NNP 7960 13798 15 , , , 7960 13798 16 chapter chapter NN 7960 13798 17 xxv xxv NNP 7960 13798 18 , , , 7960 13798 19 " " `` 7960 13798 20 Characters Characters NNPS 7960 13798 21 and and CC 7960 13798 22 Episodes Episodes NNPS 7960 13798 23 of of IN 7960 13798 24 the the DT 7960 13798 25 Great Great NNP 7960 13798 26 Rebellion Rebellion NNP 7960 13798 27 " " '' 7960 13798 28 ; ; : 7960 13798 29 chapter chapter NN 7960 13798 30 xxvi xxvi NNP 7960 13798 31 , , , 7960 13798 32 " " `` 7960 13798 33 Oliver Oliver NNP 7960 13798 34 Cromwell Cromwell NNP 7960 13798 35 " " '' 7960 13798 36 ; ; : 7960 13798 37 chapter chapter NN 7960 13798 38 xxvii xxvii NN 7960 13798 39 , , , 7960 13798 40 " " `` 7960 13798 41 English English NNP 7960 13798 42 Life Life NNP 7960 13798 43 and and CC 7960 13798 44 Manners Manners NNPS 7960 13798 45 under under IN 7960 13798 46 the the DT 7960 13798 47 Restoration Restoration NNP 7960 13798 48 " " '' 7960 13798 49 ; ; : 7960 13798 50 chapter chapter NN 7960 13798 51 xxviii xxviii NNP 7960 13798 52 , , , 7960 13798 53 " " '' 7960 13798 54 Louis Louis NNP 7960 13798 55 XIV XIV NNP 7960 13798 56 and and CC 7960 13798 57 his -PRON- PRP$ 7960 13798 58 Court Court NNP 7960 13798 59 . . . 7960 13798 60 " " '' 7960 13799 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 13799 2 2 2 CD 7960 13799 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 13799 4 _ _ NNP 7960 13799 5 Hamlet Hamlet NNP 7960 13799 6 _ _ NNP 7960 13799 7 , , , 7960 13799 8 iv iv NNP 7960 13799 9 , , , 7960 13799 10 Y,123 Y,123 NNP 7960 13799 11 . . . 7960 13800 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 13800 2 3 3 CD 7960 13800 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 13800 4 _ _ NNP 7960 13800 5 King King NNP 7960 13800 6 Richard Richard NNP 7960 13800 7 the the DT 7960 13800 8 Second Second NNP 7960 13800 9 _ _ NNP 7960 13800 10 , , , 7960 13800 11 in in IN 7960 13800 12 , , , 7960 13800 13 ii ii NNP 7960 13800 14 , , , 7960 13800 15 54 54 CD 7960 13800 16 - - SYM 7960 13800 17 57 57 CD 7960 13800 18 . . . 7960 13801 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 13801 2 4 4 CD 7960 13801 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 13801 4 _ _ NNP 7960 13801 5 Politics Politics NNP 7960 13801 6 as as IN 7960 13801 7 derived derive VBN 7960 13801 8 from from IN 7960 13801 9 the the DT 7960 13801 10 Very Very NNP 7960 13801 11 Words word NNS 7960 13801 12 of of IN 7960 13801 13 the the DT 7960 13801 14 Holy Holy NNP 7960 13801 15 Scriptures Scriptures NNPS 7960 13801 16 _ _ NNP 7960 13801 17 . . . 7960 13802 1 This this DT 7960 13802 2 work work NN 7960 13802 3 was be VBD 7960 13802 4 prepared prepare VBN 7960 13802 5 for for IN 7960 13802 6 the the DT 7960 13802 7 use use NN 7960 13802 8 of of IN 7960 13802 9 the the DT 7960 13802 10 young young JJ 7960 13802 11 son son NN 7960 13802 12 of of IN 7960 13802 13 Louis Louis NNP 7960 13802 14 XIV XIV NNP 7960 13802 15 , , , 7960 13802 16 the the DT 7960 13802 17 French french JJ 7960 13802 18 king king NN 7960 13802 19 . . . 7960 13803 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 13803 2 5 5 LS 7960 13803 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 13803 4 See see VB 7960 13803 5 pages page NNS 7960 13803 6 682 682 CD 7960 13803 7 , , , 7960 13803 8 684 684 CD 7960 13803 9 . . . 7960 13804 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 13804 2 6 6 CD 7960 13804 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 13804 4 " " `` 7960 13804 5 _ _ NNP 7960 13804 6 L'État L'État NNP 7960 13804 7 , , , 7960 13804 8 c'est c'est NNP 7960 13804 9 moi moi NNP 7960 13804 10 . . . 7960 13804 11 _ _ NNP 7960 13804 12 " " `` 7960 13804 13 [ [ -LRB- 7960 13804 14 7 7 CD 7960 13804 15 ] ] -RRB- 7960 13804 16 See see VB 7960 13804 17 page page NN 7960 13804 18 514 514 CD 7960 13804 19 , , , 7960 13804 20 515 515 CD 7960 13804 21 . . . 7960 13805 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 13805 2 8 8 LS 7960 13805 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 13805 4 See see VB 7960 13805 5 page page NN 7960 13805 6 681 681 CD 7960 13805 7 . . . 7960 13806 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 13806 2 9 9 CD 7960 13806 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 13806 4 See see VB 7960 13806 5 page page NN 7960 13806 6 597 597 CD 7960 13806 7 , , , 7960 13806 8 note note VB 7960 13806 9 4 4 CD 7960 13806 10 . . . 7960 13807 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 13807 2 10 10 CD 7960 13807 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 13807 4 See see VB 7960 13807 5 page page NN 7960 13807 6 601 601 CD 7960 13807 7 . . . 7960 13808 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 13808 2 11 11 CD 7960 13808 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 13808 4 See see VB 7960 13808 5 page page NN 7960 13808 6 573 573 CD 7960 13808 7 . . . 7960 13809 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 13809 2 12 12 CD 7960 13809 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 13809 4 In in IN 7960 13809 5 America America NNP 7960 13809 6 the the DT 7960 13809 7 war war NN 7960 13809 8 was be VBD 7960 13809 9 known know VBN 7960 13809 10 as as IN 7960 13809 11 " " `` 7960 13809 12 King King NNP 7960 13809 13 William William NNP 7960 13809 14 's 's POS 7960 13809 15 War War NNP 7960 13809 16 . . . 7960 13809 17 " " '' 7960 13810 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 13810 2 13 13 CD 7960 13810 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 13810 4 In in IN 7960 13810 5 1689 1689 CD 7960 13810 6 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 13810 7 he -PRON- PRP 7960 13810 8 ascended ascend VBD 7960 13810 9 the the DT 7960 13810 10 English english JJ 7960 13810 11 throne throne NN 7960 13810 12 as as IN 7960 13810 13 William William NNP 7960 13810 14 III III NNP 7960 13810 15 . . . 7960 13811 1 See see VB 7960 13811 2 page page NN 7960 13811 3 720 720 CD 7960 13811 4 . . . 7960 13812 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 13812 2 14 14 CD 7960 13812 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 13812 4 In in IN 7960 13812 5 America America NNP 7960 13812 6 the the DT 7960 13812 7 war war NN 7960 13812 8 was be VBD 7960 13812 9 known know VBN 7960 13812 10 as as IN 7960 13812 11 " " `` 7960 13812 12 Queen Queen NNP 7960 13812 13 Anne Anne NNP 7960 13812 14 's 's POS 7960 13812 15 War War NNP 7960 13812 16 . . . 7960 13812 17 " " '' 7960 13813 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 13813 2 15 15 CD 7960 13813 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 13813 4 See see VB 7960 13813 5 page page NN 7960 13813 6 315 315 CD 7960 13813 7 , , , 7960 13813 8 note note VB 7960 13813 9 2 2 CD 7960 13813 10 [ [ -LRB- 7960 13813 11 16 16 CD 7960 13813 12 ] ] -RRB- 7960 13813 13 His -PRON- PRP$ 7960 13813 14 great great JJ 7960 13813 15 - - HYPH 7960 13813 16 grandson grandson NN 7960 13813 17 , , , 7960 13813 18 then then RB 7960 13813 19 a a DT 7960 13813 20 child child NN 7960 13813 21 of of IN 7960 13813 22 five five CD 7960 13813 23 years year NNS 7960 13813 24 . . . 7960 13814 1 The the DT 7960 13814 2 reign reign NN 7960 13814 3 of of IN 7960 13814 4 Louis Louis NNP 7960 13814 5 XV XV NNP 7960 13814 6 covered cover VBD 7960 13814 7 the the DT 7960 13814 8 period period NN 7960 13814 9 1715 1715 CD 7960 13814 10 - - SYM 7960 13814 11 1774 1774 CD 7960 13814 12 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 13814 13 [ [ -LRB- 7960 13814 14 17 17 CD 7960 13814 15 ] ] -RRB- 7960 13814 16 See see VB 7960 13814 17 pages page NNS 7960 13814 18 518 518 CD 7960 13814 19 - - HYPH 7960 13814 20 519 519 CD 7960 13814 21 , , , 7960 13814 22 658 658 CD 7960 13814 23 , , , 7960 13814 24 675 675 CD 7960 13814 25 - - SYM 7960 13814 26 676 676 CD 7960 13814 27 . . . 7960 13815 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 13815 2 18 18 CD 7960 13815 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 13815 4 See see VB 7960 13815 5 page page NN 7960 13815 6 507 507 CD 7960 13815 7 . . . 7960 13816 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 13816 2 19 19 CD 7960 13816 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 13816 4 See see VB 7960 13816 5 page page NN 7960 13816 6 511 511 CD 7960 13816 7 , , , 7960 13816 8 note note VB 7960 13816 9 1 1 CD 7960 13816 10 , , , 7960 13816 11 676 676 CD 7960 13816 12 and and CC 7960 13816 13 note note VB 7960 13816 14 1 1 CD 7960 13816 15 . . . 7960 13817 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 13817 2 20 20 CD 7960 13817 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 13817 4 See see VB 7960 13817 5 page page NN 7960 13817 6 505 505 CD 7960 13817 7 . . . 7960 13818 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 13818 2 21 21 CD 7960 13818 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 13818 4 See see VB 7960 13818 5 page page NN 7960 13818 6 657 657 CD 7960 13818 7 , , , 7960 13818 8 664 664 CD 7960 13818 9 , , , 7960 13818 10 note note VB 7960 13818 11 1 1 CD 7960 13818 12 , , , 7960 13818 13 676 676 CD 7960 13818 14 . . . 7960 13819 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 13819 2 22 22 CD 7960 13819 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 13819 4 So so RB 7960 13819 5 called call VBN 7960 13819 6 , , , 7960 13819 7 because because IN 7960 13819 8 some some DT 7960 13819 9 of of IN 7960 13819 10 them -PRON- PRP 7960 13819 11 wore wear VBD 7960 13819 12 closely closely RB 7960 13819 13 cropped crop VBN 7960 13819 14 hair hair NN 7960 13819 15 , , , 7960 13819 16 in in IN 7960 13819 17 contrast contrast NN 7960 13819 18 to to IN 7960 13819 19 the the DT 7960 13819 20 flowing flow VBG 7960 13819 21 locks lock NNS 7960 13819 22 of of IN 7960 13819 23 the the DT 7960 13819 24 " " `` 7960 13819 25 Cavaliers Cavaliers NNPS 7960 13819 26 . . . 7960 13819 27 " " '' 7960 13820 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 13820 2 23 23 CD 7960 13820 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 13820 4 Also also RB 7960 13820 5 called call VBN 7960 13820 6 Separatists Separatists NNPS 7960 13820 7 , , , 7960 13820 8 and and CC 7960 13820 9 later later RB 7960 13820 10 known know VBN 7960 13820 11 as as IN 7960 13820 12 Congregationalists Congregationalists NNPS 7960 13820 13 . . . 7960 13821 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 13821 2 24 24 CD 7960 13821 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 13821 4 See see VB 7960 13821 5 pages page NNS 7960 13821 6 511 511 CD 7960 13821 7 , , , 7960 13821 8 676 676 CD 7960 13821 9 . . . 7960 13822 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 13822 2 25 25 CD 7960 13822 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 13822 4 Or or CC 7960 13822 5 Noncomformists noncomformist NNS 7960 13822 6 . . . 7960 13823 1 This this DT 7960 13823 2 name name NN 7960 13823 3 is be VBZ 7960 13823 4 still still RB 7960 13823 5 applied apply VBN 7960 13823 6 to to IN 7960 13823 7 English English NNP 7960 13823 8 Protestants Protestants NNPS 7960 13823 9 not not RB 7960 13823 10 members member NNS 7960 13823 11 of of IN 7960 13823 12 the the DT 7960 13823 13 Anglican Anglican NNP 7960 13823 14 Church Church NNP 7960 13823 15 . . . 7960 13824 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 13824 2 26 26 CD 7960 13824 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 13824 4 A a DT 7960 13824 5 Latin latin JJ 7960 13824 6 phrase phrase NN 7960 13824 7 meaning meaning NN 7960 13824 8 " " `` 7960 13824 9 You -PRON- PRP 7960 13824 10 may may MD 7960 13824 11 have have VB 7960 13824 12 the the DT 7960 13824 13 body body NN 7960 13824 14 . . . 7960 13824 15 " " '' 7960 13825 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 13825 2 27 27 CD 7960 13825 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 13825 4 Whig Whig NNP 7960 13825 5 had have VBD 7960 13825 6 originally originally RB 7960 13825 7 been be VBN 7960 13825 8 applied apply VBN 7960 13825 9 to to IN 7960 13825 10 rebellious rebellious JJ 7960 13825 11 Presbyterians Presbyterians NNP 7960 13825 12 in in IN 7960 13825 13 Scotland Scotland NNP 7960 13825 14 ; ; : 7960 13825 15 Tory Tory NNP 7960 13825 16 had have VBD 7960 13825 17 designated designate VBN 7960 13825 18 Roman roman JJ 7960 13825 19 Catholic catholic JJ 7960 13825 20 outlaws outlaw NNS 7960 13825 21 in in IN 7960 13825 22 Ireland Ireland NNP 7960 13825 23 . . . 7960 13826 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 13826 2 28 28 CD 7960 13826 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 13826 4 See see VB 7960 13826 5 page page NN 7960 13826 6 701 701 CD 7960 13826 7 . . . 7960 13827 1 William William NNP 7960 13827 2 had have VBD 7960 13827 3 married marry VBN 7960 13827 4 James James NNP 7960 13827 5 's 's POS 7960 13827 6 eldest eld JJS 7960 13827 7 daughter daughter NN 7960 13827 8 , , , 7960 13827 9 Mary Mary NNP 7960 13827 10 . . . 7960 13828 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 13828 2 29 29 CD 7960 13828 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 13828 4 See see VB 7960 13828 5 page page NN 7960 13828 6 696 696 CD 7960 13828 7 . . . 7960 13829 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 13829 2 30 30 CD 7960 13829 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 13829 4 See see VB 7960 13829 5 page page NN 7960 13829 6 609 609 CD 7960 13829 7 . . . 7960 13830 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 13830 2 31 31 CD 7960 13830 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 13830 4 See see VB 7960 13830 5 page page NN 7960 13830 6 597 597 CD 7960 13830 7 . . . 7960 13831 1 [ [ -LRB- 7960 13831 2 32 32 CD 7960 13831 3 ] ] -RRB- 7960 13831 4 Many many JJ 7960 13831 5 important important JJ 7960 13831 6 corrections correction NNS 7960 13831 7 were be VBD 7960 13831 8 embodied embody VBN 7960 13831 9 in in IN 7960 13831 10 the the DT 7960 13831 11 Revised Revised NNP 7960 13831 12 Version Version NNP 7960 13831 13 , , , 7960 13831 14 published publish VBN 7960 13831 15 in in IN 7960 13831 16 1881 1881 CD 7960 13831 17 - - SYM 7960 13831 18 1885 1885 CD 7960 13831 19 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 13831 20 by by IN 7960 13831 21 a a DT 7960 13831 22 committee committee NN 7960 13831 23 of of IN 7960 13831 24 English English NNP 7960 13831 25 scholars scholar NNS 7960 13831 26 . . . 7960 13832 1 APPENDIX APPENDIX NNP 7960 13832 2 TABLE TABLE NNS 7960 13832 3 OF of IN 7960 13832 4 EVENTS event NNS 7960 13832 5 AND and CC 7960 13832 6 DATES date NNS 7960 13832 7 Before before IN 7960 13832 8 1000 1000 CD 7960 13832 9 B.C. B.C. NNP 7960 13832 10 , , , 7960 13832 11 and and CC 7960 13832 12 in in IN 7960 13832 13 some some DT 7960 13832 14 instances instance NNS 7960 13832 15 even even RB 7960 13832 16 later later RB 7960 13832 17 , , , 7960 13832 18 nearly nearly RB 7960 13832 19 all all DT 7960 13832 20 dates date NNS 7960 13832 21 must must MD 7960 13832 22 be be VB 7960 13832 23 regarded regard VBN 7960 13832 24 as as RB 7960 13832 25 merely merely RB 7960 13832 26 approximate approximate JJ 7960 13832 27 . . . 7960 13833 1 ( ( -LRB- 7960 13833 2 Specially specially RB 7960 13833 3 important important JJ 7960 13833 4 dates date NNS 7960 13833 5 are be VBP 7960 13833 6 in in IN 7960 13833 7 italics italic NNS 7960 13833 8 ) ) -RRB- 7960 13833 9 THE the DT 7960 13833 10 ORIENT ORIENT NNP 7960 13833 11 B.C. B.C. NNP 7960 13834 1 3400 3400 CD 7960 13834 2 _ _ NNP 7960 13834 3 Menes Menes NNP 7960 13834 4 , , , 7960 13834 5 king king NN 7960 13834 6 of of IN 7960 13834 7 Egypt Egypt NNP 7960 13834 8 _ _ NNP 7960 13834 9 3000 3000 CD 7960 13834 10 - - SYM 7960 13834 11 2500 2500 CD 7960 13834 12 The the DT 7960 13834 13 pyramid pyramid JJ 7960 13834 14 kings king NNS 7960 13834 15 2000 2000 CD 7960 13834 16 _ _ NNP 7960 13834 17 Hammurabi Hammurabi NNP 7960 13834 18 , , , 7960 13834 19 king king NN 7960 13834 20 of of IN 7960 13834 21 Babylonia Babylonia NNP 7960 13834 22 _ _ NNP 7960 13834 23 1800 1800 CD 7960 13834 24 - - SYM 7960 13834 25 1600 1600 CD 7960 13834 26 Rule Rule NNP 7960 13834 27 of of IN 7960 13834 28 the the DT 7960 13834 29 Hyksos Hyksos NNP 7960 13834 30 in in IN 7960 13834 31 Egypt Egypt NNP 7960 13834 32 1292 1292 CD 7960 13834 33 - - HYPH 7960 13834 34 1225 1225 CD 7960 13834 35 Rameses Rameses NNP 7960 13834 36 II ii CD 7960 13834 37 , , , 7960 13834 38 king king NN 7960 13834 39 of of IN 7960 13834 40 Egypt Egypt NNP 7960 13834 41 1035 1035 CD 7960 13834 42 - - : 7960 13834 43 925 925 CD 7960 13834 44 The the DT 7960 13834 45 undivided undivided JJ 7960 13834 46 Hebrew Hebrew NNP 7960 13834 47 monarchy monarchy NN 7960 13834 48 Saul Saul NNP 7960 13834 49 , , , 7960 13834 50 1035 1035 CD 7960 13834 51 - - SYM 7960 13834 52 1015 1015 CD 7960 13834 53 David David NNP 7960 13834 54 , , , 7960 13834 55 985 985 CD 7960 13834 56 - - HYPH 7960 13834 57 955 955 CD 7960 13834 58 Solomon Solomon NNP 7960 13834 59 , , , 7960 13834 60 955 955 CD 7960 13834 61 - - SYM 7960 13834 62 925 925 CD 7960 13834 63 925 925 CD 7960 13834 64 - - SYM 7960 13834 65 722 722 CD 7960 13834 66 Kingdom kingdom NN 7960 13834 67 of of IN 7960 13834 68 Israel Israel NNP 7960 13834 69 925 925 CD 7960 13834 70 - - SYM 7960 13834 71 586 586 CD 7960 13834 72 Kingdom Kingdom NNP 7960 13834 73 of of IN 7960 13834 74 Judea Judea NNP 7960 13834 75 722 722 NNP 7960 13834 76 - - HYPH 7960 13834 77 705 705 NNP 7960 13834 78 Sargon Sargon NNP 7960 13834 79 II II NNP 7960 13834 80 , , , 7960 13834 81 king king NN 7960 13834 82 of of IN 7960 13834 83 Assyria Assyria NNP 7960 13834 84 705 705 NNP 7960 13834 85 - - HYPH 7960 13834 86 681 681 CD 7960 13834 87 Sennacherib Sennacherib NNP 7960 13834 88 , , , 7960 13834 89 king king NN 7960 13834 90 of of IN 7960 13834 91 Assyria Assyria NNP 7960 13834 92 606 606 CD 7960 13834 93 _ _ NNP 7960 13834 94 Destruction Destruction NNP 7960 13834 95 of of IN 7960 13834 96 Nineveh Nineveh NNP 7960 13834 97 _ _ NNP 7960 13834 98 604 604 CD 7960 13834 99 - - SYM 7960 13834 100 561 561 CD 7960 13834 101 Nebuchadnezzar Nebuchadnezzar NNP 7960 13834 102 , , , 7960 13834 103 king king NN 7960 13834 104 of of IN 7960 13834 105 Babylonia Babylonia NNP 7960 13834 106 553 553 CD 7960 13834 107 - - HYPH 7960 13834 108 465 465 CD 7960 13834 109 Persian persian JJ 7960 13834 110 kings king NNS 7960 13834 111 Cyrus Cyrus NNP 7960 13834 112 the the DT 7960 13834 113 Great great JJ 7960 13834 114 , , , 7960 13834 115 553 553 CD 7960 13834 116 - - HYPH 7960 13834 117 529 529 CD 7960 13834 118 Cambyses Cambyses NNPS 7960 13834 119 , , , 7960 13834 120 529 529 CD 7960 13834 121 - - HYPH 7960 13834 122 522 522 CD 7960 13834 123 Darius Darius NNP 7960 13834 124 I i CD 7960 13834 125 , , , 7960 13834 126 521 521 CD 7960 13834 127 - - SYM 7960 13834 128 485 485 CD 7960 13834 129 Xerxes Xerxes NNP 7960 13834 130 I -PRON- PRP 7960 13834 131 , , , 7960 13834 132 485 485 CD 7960 13834 133 - - SYM 7960 13834 134 465 465 CD 7960 13834 135 539 539 CD 7960 13834 136 _ _ IN 7960 13834 137 Capture capture NN 7960 13834 138 of of IN 7960 13834 139 Babylon Babylon NNP 7960 13834 140 by by IN 7960 13834 141 Cyrus Cyrus NNP 7960 13834 142 the the DT 7960 13834 143 Great Great NNP 7960 13834 144 _ _ NNP 7960 13834 145 GREECE GREECE NNP 7960 13834 146 B.C. B.C. NNP 7960 13835 1 1600 1600 CD 7960 13835 2 - - SYM 7960 13835 3 1100 1100 CD 7960 13835 4 The the DT 7960 13835 5 Aegean Aegean NNP 7960 13835 6 Age Age NNP 7960 13835 7 1100 1100 CD 7960 13835 8 - - SYM 7960 13835 9 750 750 CD 7960 13835 10 Homeric Homeric NNP 7960 13835 11 Age Age NNP 7960 13835 12 776 776 NNP 7960 13835 13 _ _ NNP 7960 13835 14 First First NNP 7960 13835 15 recorded record VBD 7960 13835 16 Olympiad Olympiad NNP 7960 13835 17 _ _ NNP 7960 13835 18 750 750 CD 7960 13835 19 - - SYM 7960 13835 20 500 500 CD 7960 13835 21 Period Period NNP 7960 13835 22 of of IN 7960 13835 23 colonial colonial JJ 7960 13835 24 expansion expansion NN 7960 13835 25 594 594 CD 7960 13835 26 - - HYPH 7960 13835 27 593 593 CD 7960 13835 28 Reforms reform NNS 7960 13835 29 of of IN 7960 13835 30 Solon Solon NNP 7960 13835 31 560 560 CD 7960 13835 32 - - : 7960 13835 33 527 527 CD 7960 13835 34 Tyranny tyranny NN 7960 13835 35 of of IN 7960 13835 36 Pisistratus Pisistratus NNP 7960 13835 37 508 508 CD 7960 13835 38 - - HYPH 7960 13835 39 507 507 CD 7960 13835 40 Reforms reform NNS 7960 13835 41 of of IN 7960 13835 42 Clisthenes Clisthenes NNP 7960 13835 43 499 499 CD 7960 13835 44 - - HYPH 7960 13835 45 493 493 CD 7960 13835 46 Ionian Ionian NNP 7960 13835 47 Revolt Revolt NNP 7960 13835 48 490 490 CD 7960 13835 49 _ _ NNP 7960 13835 50 Battle Battle NNP 7960 13835 51 of of IN 7960 13835 52 Marathon Marathon NNP 7960 13835 53 _ _ NNP 7960 13835 54 480 480 CD 7960 13835 55 _ _ NNP 7960 13835 56 Battles Battles NNPS 7960 13835 57 of of IN 7960 13835 58 Thermopylae Thermopylae NNP 7960 13835 59 and and CC 7960 13835 60 Salamis Salamis NNP 7960 13835 61 _ _ NNP 7960 13835 62 479 479 CD 7960 13835 63 _ _ NNP 7960 13835 64 Battles Battles NNPS 7960 13835 65 of of IN 7960 13835 66 Plataea Plataea NNP 7960 13835 67 and and CC 7960 13835 68 Mycale Mycale NNP 7960 13835 69 _ _ NNP 7960 13835 70 477 477 CD 7960 13835 71 - - SYM 7960 13835 72 454 454 CD 7960 13835 73 Delian Delian NNP 7960 13835 74 League League NNP 7960 13835 75 461 461 CD 7960 13835 76 - - SYM 7960 13835 77 429 429 CD 7960 13835 78 Age Age NNP 7960 13835 79 of of IN 7960 13835 80 Pericles Pericles NNP 7960 13835 81 431 431 CD 7960 13835 82 - - HYPH 7960 13835 83 404 404 CD 7960 13835 84 _ _ NNP 7960 13835 85 The the DT 7960 13835 86 Peloponnesian Peloponnesian NNP 7960 13835 87 War War NNP 7960 13835 88 _ _ NNP 7960 13835 89 404 404 CD 7960 13835 90 - - SYM 7960 13835 91 371 371 CD 7960 13835 92 Spartan Spartan NNP 7960 13835 93 supremacy supremacy NN 7960 13835 94 401 401 CD 7960 13835 95 - - SYM 7960 13835 96 400 400 CD 7960 13835 97 _ _ NNP 7960 13835 98 Expedition Expedition NNP 7960 13835 99 of of IN 7960 13835 100 the the DT 7960 13835 101 " " `` 7960 13835 102 Ten ten CD 7960 13835 103 Thousand thousand CD 7960 13835 104 " " '' 7960 13835 105 _ _ NNP 7960 13835 106 371 371 CD 7960 13835 107 - - SYM 7960 13835 108 362 362 CD 7960 13835 109 Supremacy Supremacy NNP 7960 13835 110 of of IN 7960 13835 111 Thebes Thebes NNP 7960 13835 112 371 371 CD 7960 13835 113 _ _ NNP 7960 13835 114 Battle Battle NNP 7960 13835 115 of of IN 7960 13835 116 Leuctra Leuctra NNP 7960 13835 117 _ _ NNP 7960 13835 118 362 362 NNP 7960 13835 119 Battle Battle NNP 7960 13835 120 of of IN 7960 13835 121 Mantinea Mantinea NNP 7960 13835 122 359 359 CD 7960 13835 123 - - HYPH 7960 13835 124 336 336 CD 7960 13835 125 Philip Philip NNP 7960 13835 126 II II NNP 7960 13835 127 , , , 7960 13835 128 king king NN 7960 13835 129 of of IN 7960 13835 130 Macedonia Macedonia NNP 7960 13835 131 338 338 CD 7960 13835 132 _ _ NNP 7960 13835 133 Battle Battle NNP 7960 13835 134 of of IN 7960 13835 135 Chaeronea Chaeronea NNP 7960 13835 136 _ _ NNP 7960 13835 137 336 336 CD 7960 13835 138 - - HYPH 7960 13835 139 323 323 NNP 7960 13835 140 Reign Reign NNP 7960 13835 141 of of IN 7960 13835 142 Alexander Alexander NNP 7960 13835 143 the the DT 7960 13835 144 Great Great NNP 7960 13835 145 335 335 CD 7960 13835 146 Destruction Destruction NNP 7960 13835 147 of of IN 7960 13835 148 Thebes Thebes NNP 7960 13835 149 334 334 NNP 7960 13835 150 Battle Battle NNP 7960 13835 151 of of IN 7960 13835 152 the the DT 7960 13835 153 Granicus Granicus NNP 7960 13835 154 333 333 NNP 7960 13835 155 Battle Battle NNP 7960 13835 156 of of IN 7960 13835 157 Issus Issus NNP 7960 13835 158 332 332 CD 7960 13835 159 Siege Siege NNP 7960 13835 160 of of IN 7960 13835 161 Tyre Tyre NNP 7960 13835 162 ; ; : 7960 13835 163 founding founding NN 7960 13835 164 of of IN 7960 13835 165 Alexandria Alexandria NNP 7960 13835 166 331 331 CD 7960 13835 167 _ _ NNP 7960 13835 168 Battle Battle NNP 7960 13835 169 of of IN 7960 13835 170 Arbela Arbela NNP 7960 13835 171 _ _ NNP 7960 13835 172 323 323 NNP 7960 13835 173 _ _ NNP 7960 13835 174 Death Death NNP 7960 13835 175 of of IN 7960 13835 176 Alexander Alexander NNP 7960 13835 177 _ _ NNP 7960 13835 178 THE the DT 7960 13835 179 ROMAN ROMAN NNP 7960 13835 180 REPUBLIC REPUBLIC NNP 7960 13835 181 B.C. B.C. NNP 7960 13836 1 753 753 CD 7960 13836 2 ( ( -LRB- 7960 13836 3 ? ? . 7960 13836 4 ) ) -RRB- 7960 13837 1 _ _ NNP 7960 13837 2 Founding Founding NNP 7960 13837 3 of of IN 7960 13837 4 Rome Rome NNP 7960 13837 5 _ _ NNP 7960 13837 6 753(?)-509 753(?)-509 CD 7960 13837 7 ( ( -LRB- 7960 13837 8 ? ? . 7960 13837 9 ) ) -RRB- 7960 13838 1 Legendary legendary JJ 7960 13838 2 Roman roman JJ 7960 13838 3 kings king NNS 7960 13838 4 509 509 CD 7960 13838 5 ( ( -LRB- 7960 13838 6 ? ? . 7960 13838 7 ) ) -RRB- 7960 13839 1 Establishment establishment NN 7960 13839 2 of of IN 7960 13839 3 the the DT 7960 13839 4 republic republic NN 7960 13839 5 449 449 CD 7960 13839 6 Laws Laws NNPS 7960 13839 7 of of IN 7960 13839 8 the the DT 7960 13839 9 Twelve Twelve NNP 7960 13839 10 Tables Tables NNP 7960 13839 11 390 390 CD 7960 13839 12 ( ( -LRB- 7960 13839 13 ? ? . 7960 13839 14 ) ) -RRB- 7960 13840 1 _ _ NNP 7960 13840 2 Battle Battle NNP 7960 13840 3 of of IN 7960 13840 4 the the DT 7960 13840 5 Allia Allia NNP 7960 13840 6 ; ; : 7960 13840 7 capture capture NN 7960 13840 8 of of IN 7960 13840 9 Rome Rome NNP 7960 13840 10 by by IN 7960 13840 11 the the DT 7960 13840 12 Gauls Gauls NNP 7960 13840 13 _ _ NNP 7960 13840 14 340 340 CD 7960 13840 15 - - SYM 7960 13840 16 338 338 CD 7960 13840 17 Latin Latin NNP 7960 13840 18 War War NNP 7960 13840 19 ; ; : 7960 13840 20 dissolution dissolution NN 7960 13840 21 of of IN 7960 13840 22 the the DT 7960 13840 23 Latin Latin NNP 7960 13840 24 League League NNP 7960 13840 25 327 327 CD 7960 13840 26 - - SYM 7960 13840 27 290 290 CD 7960 13840 28 Samnite Samnite NNP 7960 13840 29 Wars Wars NNPS 7960 13840 30 281 281 CD 7960 13840 31 - - HYPH 7960 13840 32 272 272 CD 7960 13840 33 War War NNP 7960 13840 34 between between IN 7960 13840 35 Rome Rome NNP 7960 13840 36 and and CC 7960 13840 37 Tarentum Tarentum NNP 7960 13840 38 ; ; : 7960 13840 39 invasion invasion NN 7960 13840 40 of of IN 7960 13840 41 Pyrrhus Pyrrhus NNP 7960 13840 42 264 264 CD 7960 13840 43 - - HYPH 7960 13840 44 241 241 CD 7960 13840 45 _ _ IN 7960 13840 46 First First NNP 7960 13840 47 Punic Punic NNP 7960 13840 48 War War NNP 7960 13840 49 _ _ NNP 7960 13840 50 218 218 CD 7960 13840 51 - - SYM 7960 13840 52 201 201 CD 7960 13840 53 _ _ NNP 7960 13840 54 Second Second NNP 7960 13840 55 Punic Punic NNP 7960 13840 56 War War NNP 7960 13840 57 _ _ NNP 7960 13840 58 216 216 CD 7960 13840 59 Battle Battle NNP 7960 13840 60 of of IN 7960 13840 61 Cannae Cannae NNP 7960 13840 62 202 202 CD 7960 13840 63 _ _ NNP 7960 13840 64 Battle Battle NNP 7960 13840 65 of of IN 7960 13840 66 Zama Zama NNP 7960 13840 67 _ _ NNP 7960 13840 68 201 201 CD 7960 13840 69 Peace Peace NNP 7960 13840 70 between between IN 7960 13840 71 Rome Rome NNP 7960 13840 72 and and CC 7960 13840 73 Carthage Carthage NNP 7960 13840 74 197 197 CD 7960 13840 75 Macedonia Macedonia NNP 7960 13840 76 becomes become VBZ 7960 13840 77 a a DT 7960 13840 78 dependent dependent JJ 7960 13840 79 ally ally NN 7960 13840 80 of of IN 7960 13840 81 Rome Rome NNP 7960 13840 82 190 190 CD 7960 13840 83 Syria Syria NNP 7960 13840 84 becomes become VBZ 7960 13840 85 a a DT 7960 13840 86 dependent dependent JJ 7960 13840 87 ally ally NN 7960 13840 88 of of IN 7960 13840 89 Rome Rome NNP 7960 13840 90 149 149 CD 7960 13840 91 - - SYM 7960 13840 92 146 146 CD 7960 13840 93 Third Third NNP 7960 13840 94 Punic Punic NNP 7960 13840 95 War War NNP 7960 13840 96 146 146 CD 7960 13840 97 _ _ NNP 7960 13840 98 Destruction Destruction NNP 7960 13840 99 of of IN 7960 13840 100 Carthage Carthage NNP 7960 13840 101 and and CC 7960 13840 102 Corinth Corinth NNP 7960 13840 103 ; ; : 7960 13840 104 Africa Africa NNP 7960 13840 105 and and CC 7960 13840 106 Macedonia Macedonia NNP 7960 13840 107 become become VBP 7960 13840 108 Roman roman JJ 7960 13840 109 provinces province NNS 7960 13840 110 _ _ NNP 7960 13840 111 133 133 CD 7960 13840 112 Acquisition Acquisition NNP 7960 13840 113 of of IN 7960 13840 114 the the DT 7960 13840 115 province province NN 7960 13840 116 of of IN 7960 13840 117 Asia Asia NNP 7960 13840 118 ; ; : 7960 13840 119 final final JJ 7960 13840 120 subjugation subjugation NN 7960 13840 121 of of IN 7960 13840 122 Spain Spain NNP 7960 13840 123 133 133 CD 7960 13840 124 Tribunate Tribunate NNP 7960 13840 125 of of IN 7960 13840 126 Tiberius Tiberius NNP 7960 13840 127 Gracchus Gracchus NNP 7960 13840 128 123 123 CD 7960 13840 129 - - HYPH 7960 13840 130 122 122 CD 7960 13840 131 Tribunate Tribunate NNP 7960 13840 132 of of IN 7960 13840 133 Gaius Gaius NNP 7960 13840 134 Gracchus Gracchus NNP 7960 13840 135 112 112 CD 7960 13840 136 - - SYM 7960 13840 137 106 106 CD 7960 13840 138 Jugurthine Jugurthine NNP 7960 13840 139 War War NNP 7960 13840 140 102 102 CD 7960 13840 141 - - SYM 7960 13840 142 101 101 CD 7960 13840 143 Invasion Invasion NNP 7960 13840 144 of of IN 7960 13840 145 the the DT 7960 13840 146 Germans Germans NNPS 7960 13840 147 90 90 CD 7960 13840 148 - - HYPH 7960 13840 149 88 88 CD 7960 13840 150 The the DT 7960 13840 151 Social Social NNP 7960 13840 152 War War NNP 7960 13840 153 88 88 CD 7960 13840 154 - - HYPH 7960 13840 155 84 84 CD 7960 13840 156 War war NN 7960 13840 157 with with IN 7960 13840 158 Mithridates Mithridates NNP 7960 13840 159 83 83 CD 7960 13840 160 - - SYM 7960 13840 161 82 82 CD 7960 13840 162 Civil Civil NNP 7960 13840 163 War War NNP 7960 13840 164 between between IN 7960 13840 165 Marius Marius NNP 7960 13840 166 and and CC 7960 13840 167 Sulla Sulla NNP 7960 13840 168 82 82 CD 7960 13840 169 - - SYM 7960 13840 170 79 79 CD 7960 13840 171 Dictatorship Dictatorship NNP 7960 13840 172 of of IN 7960 13840 173 Sulla Sulla NNP 7960 13840 174 70 70 CD 7960 13840 175 Impeachment Impeachment NNP 7960 13840 176 of of IN 7960 13840 177 Verres Verres NNP 7960 13840 178 67 67 CD 7960 13840 179 Pompey Pompey NNPS 7960 13840 180 and and CC 7960 13840 181 the the DT 7960 13840 182 war war NN 7960 13840 183 with with IN 7960 13840 184 the the DT 7960 13840 185 pirates pirate NNS 7960 13840 186 63 63 CD 7960 13840 187 _ _ NNP 7960 13840 188 Conspiracy Conspiracy NNP 7960 13840 189 of of IN 7960 13840 190 Catiline Catiline NNP 7960 13840 191 _ _ NNP 7960 13840 192 60 60 CD 7960 13840 193 - - SYM 7960 13840 194 53 53 CD 7960 13840 195 First first JJ 7960 13840 196 Triumvirate triumvirate NN 7960 13840 197 : : : 7960 13840 198 Pompey Pompey NNP 7960 13840 199 , , , 7960 13840 200 Crassus Crassus NNP 7960 13840 201 , , , 7960 13840 202 and and CC 7960 13840 203 Caesar Caesar NNP 7960 13840 204 58 58 CD 7960 13840 205 - - SYM 7960 13840 206 50 50 CD 7960 13840 207 Conquest Conquest NNP 7960 13840 208 of of IN 7960 13840 209 Gaul Gaul NNP 7960 13840 210 by by IN 7960 13840 211 Caesar Caesar NNP 7960 13840 212 53 53 CD 7960 13840 213 Defeat Defeat NNP 7960 13840 214 of of IN 7960 13840 215 Crassus Crassus NNP 7960 13840 216 by by IN 7960 13840 217 the the DT 7960 13840 218 Parthians Parthians NNPS 7960 13840 219 at at IN 7960 13840 220 Carrhae Carrhae NNP 7960 13840 221 48 48 CD 7960 13840 222 Battle Battle NNP 7960 13840 223 of of IN 7960 13840 224 Pharsalus Pharsalus NNP 7960 13840 225 44 44 CD 7960 13840 226 _ _ NNP 7960 13840 227 Assassination Assassination NNP 7960 13840 228 of of IN 7960 13840 229 Caesar Caesar NNP 7960 13840 230 _ _ NNP 7960 13840 231 43 43 CD 7960 13840 232 Second Second NNP 7960 13840 233 Triumvirate Triumvirate NNP 7960 13840 234 : : : 7960 13840 235 Lepidus Lepidus NNP 7960 13840 236 , , , 7960 13840 237 Antony Antony NNP 7960 13840 238 , , , 7960 13840 239 and and CC 7960 13840 240 Octavian Octavian NNP 7960 13840 241 42 42 CD 7960 13840 242 Battles battle NNS 7960 13840 243 of of IN 7960 13840 244 Philippi Philippi NNP 7960 13840 245 31 31 CD 7960 13840 246 _ _ NNP 7960 13840 247 Battle Battle NNP 7960 13840 248 of of IN 7960 13840 249 Actium Actium NNP 7960 13840 250 _ _ NNP 7960 13840 251 THE the DT 7960 13840 252 ROMAN ROMAN NNP 7960 13840 253 EMPIRE empire NN 7960 13840 254 31 31 CD 7960 13840 255 B.C.-68 B.C.-68 NNP 7960 13840 256 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 13841 1 The the DT 7960 13841 2 Julian julian JJ 7960 13841 3 and and CC 7960 13841 4 Claudian Claudian NNP 7960 13841 5 Caesars Caesars NNP 7960 13841 6 Augustus Augustus NNP 7960 13841 7 , , , 7960 13841 8 31 31 CD 7960 13841 9 B.C.-I4 B.C.-I4 NNP 7960 13841 10 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 13841 11 Tiberius Tiberius NNP 7960 13841 12 , , , 7960 13841 13 14 14 CD 7960 13841 14 - - SYM 7960 13841 15 37 37 CD 7960 13841 16 Gaius Gaius NNP 7960 13841 17 ( ( -LRB- 7960 13841 18 Caligula Caligula NNP 7960 13841 19 ) ) -RRB- 7960 13841 20 , , , 7960 13841 21 37 37 CD 7960 13841 22 - - SYM 7960 13841 23 41 41 CD 7960 13841 24 Claudius Claudius NNP 7960 13841 25 , , , 7960 13841 26 41 41 CD 7960 13841 27 - - SYM 7960 13841 28 54 54 CD 7960 13841 29 Nero Nero NNP 7960 13841 30 54 54 CD 7960 13841 31 - - SYM 7960 13841 32 68 68 CD 7960 13841 33 27 27 CD 7960 13841 34 Octavian Octavian NNP 7960 13841 35 receives receive VBZ 7960 13841 36 the the DT 7960 13841 37 title title NN 7960 13841 38 _ _ NNP 7960 13841 39 Augustus Augustus NNP 7960 13841 40 _ _ NNP 7960 13841 41 4 4 CD 7960 13841 42 ( ( -LRB- 7960 13841 43 ? ? . 7960 13841 44 ) ) -RRB- 7960 13842 1 Birth birth NN 7960 13842 2 of of IN 7960 13842 3 Christ Christ NNP 7960 13842 4 A.D. A.D. NNP 7960 13842 5 43 43 CD 7960 13842 6 - - SYM 7960 13842 7 85 85 CD 7960 13842 8 Conquest Conquest NNP 7960 13842 9 of of IN 7960 13842 10 Britain Britain NNP 7960 13842 11 64 64 CD 7960 13842 12 The the DT 7960 13842 13 Great Great NNP 7960 13842 14 Fire Fire NNP 7960 13842 15 in in IN 7960 13842 16 Rome Rome NNP 7960 13842 17 ; ; : 7960 13842 18 Nero Nero NNP 7960 13842 19 's 's POS 7960 13842 20 persecution persecution NN 7960 13842 21 of of IN 7960 13842 22 the the DT 7960 13842 23 Christians Christians NNPS 7960 13842 24 68 68 CD 7960 13842 25 - - SYM 7960 13842 26 69 69 CD 7960 13842 27 The the DT 7960 13842 28 year year NN 7960 13842 29 of of IN 7960 13842 30 military military JJ 7960 13842 31 revolution revolution NN 7960 13842 32 ; ; : 7960 13842 33 Galba Galba NNP 7960 13842 34 , , , 7960 13842 35 Otho Otho NNP 7960 13842 36 , , , 7960 13842 37 and and CC 7960 13842 38 Vitellius Vitellius NNP 7960 13842 39 emperors emperor NNS 7960 13842 40 69 69 CD 7960 13842 41 - - SYM 7960 13842 42 96 96 CD 7960 13842 43 The the DT 7960 13842 44 Flavian flavian JJ 7960 13842 45 Caesars Caesars NNP 7960 13842 46 Vespasian Vespasian NNP 7960 13842 47 , , , 7960 13842 48 69 69 CD 7960 13842 49 - - SYM 7960 13842 50 79 79 CD 7960 13842 51 Titus Titus NNP 7960 13842 52 , , , 7960 13842 53 79 79 CD 7960 13842 54 - - SYM 7960 13842 55 81 81 CD 7960 13842 56 Domitian domitian JJ 7960 13842 57 , , , 7960 13842 58 81 81 CD 7960 13842 59 - - SYM 7960 13842 60 96 96 CD 7960 13842 61 70 70 CD 7960 13842 62 Capture capture NN 7960 13842 63 of of IN 7960 13842 64 Jerusalem Jerusalem NNP 7960 13842 65 by by IN 7960 13842 66 Titus Titus NNP 7960 13842 67 79 79 CD 7960 13842 68 _ _ NNP 7960 13842 69 Destruction Destruction NNP 7960 13842 70 of of IN 7960 13842 71 Pompeii Pompeii NNP 7960 13842 72 and and CC 7960 13842 73 Herculaneum Herculaneum NNP 7960 13842 74 _ _ NNP 7960 13842 75 96 96 CD 7960 13842 76 - - SYM 7960 13842 77 180 180 CD 7960 13842 78 The the DT 7960 13842 79 " " `` 7960 13842 80 Good Good NNP 7960 13842 81 Emperors Emperors NNPS 7960 13842 82 " " '' 7960 13842 83 Nerva Nerva NNP 7960 13842 84 , , , 7960 13842 85 96 96 CD 7960 13842 86 - - SYM 7960 13842 87 98 98 CD 7960 13842 88 Trajan Trajan NNP 7960 13842 89 , , , 7960 13842 90 98 98 CD 7960 13842 91 - - SYM 7960 13842 92 117 117 CD 7960 13842 93 Hadrian Hadrian NNP 7960 13842 94 , , , 7960 13842 95 117 117 CD 7960 13842 96 - - SYM 7960 13842 97 138 138 CD 7960 13842 98 Antoninus Antoninus NNP 7960 13842 99 Pius Pius NNP 7960 13842 100 , , , 7960 13842 101 138 138 CD 7960 13842 102 - - SYM 7960 13842 103 161 161 CD 7960 13842 104 Marcus Marcus NNP 7960 13842 105 Aurelius Aurelius NNP 7960 13842 106 , , , 7960 13842 107 161 161 CD 7960 13842 108 - - SYM 7960 13842 109 180 180 CD 7960 13842 110 101 101 CD 7960 13842 111 - - SYM 7960 13842 112 106 106 CD 7960 13842 113 Conquest Conquest NNP 7960 13842 114 of of IN 7960 13842 115 Dacia Dacia NNP 7960 13842 116 by by IN 7960 13842 117 Trajan Trajan NNP 7960 13842 118 180 180 CD 7960 13842 119 - - HYPH 7960 13842 120 284 284 CD 7960 13842 121 The the DT 7960 13842 122 " " `` 7960 13842 123 Soldier Soldier NNP 7960 13842 124 Emperors Emperors NNP 7960 13842 125 " " '' 7960 13842 126 Commodus Commodus NNP 7960 13842 127 , , , 7960 13842 128 180 180 CD 7960 13842 129 - - HYPH 7960 13842 130 192 192 CD 7960 13842 131 Septimius Septimius NNP 7960 13842 132 Severus Severus NNP 7960 13842 133 , , , 7960 13842 134 193 193 CD 7960 13842 135 - - HYPH 7960 13842 136 211 211 CD 7960 13842 137 Aurelian Aurelian NNP 7960 13842 138 , , , 7960 13842 139 270 270 CD 7960 13842 140 - - SYM 7960 13842 141 275 275 CD 7960 13842 142 212 212 CD 7960 13842 143 _ _ NNP 7960 13842 144 Edict Edict NNP 7960 13842 145 of of IN 7960 13842 146 Caracalla Caracalla NNP 7960 13842 147 _ _ NNP 7960 13842 148 227 227 CD 7960 13842 149 Rise rise NN 7960 13842 150 of of IN 7960 13842 151 the the DT 7960 13842 152 Sassanian sassanian JJ 7960 13842 153 or or CC 7960 13842 154 New New NNP 7960 13842 155 Persian Persian NNP 7960 13842 156 Empire Empire NNP 7960 13842 157 284 284 CD 7960 13842 158 _ _ NNP 7960 13842 159 Reorganization Reorganization NNP 7960 13842 160 of of IN 7960 13842 161 the the DT 7960 13842 162 Roman Roman NNP 7960 13842 163 Empire Empire NNP 7960 13842 164 by by IN 7960 13842 165 Diocletian Diocletian NNP 7960 13842 166 _ _ NNP 7960 13842 167 284 284 CD 7960 13842 168 - - SYM 7960 13842 169 395 395 CD 7960 13842 170 The the DT 7960 13842 171 " " `` 7960 13842 172 Absolute Absolute NNP 7960 13842 173 Emperors Emperors NNPS 7960 13842 174 " " '' 7960 13842 175 /Diocletian /diocletian JJ 7960 13842 176 , , , 7960 13842 177 284 284 CD 7960 13842 178 - - SYM 7960 13842 179 305 305 CD 7960 13842 180 \Maximian \Maximian NNP 7960 13842 181 , , , 7960 13842 182 286 286 CD 7960 13842 183 - - SYM 7960 13842 184 305 305 CD 7960 13842 185 Constantine Constantine NNP 7960 13842 186 I I NNP 7960 13842 187 , , , 7960 13842 188 306 306 CD 7960 13842 189 - - SYM 7960 13842 190 337 337 CD 7960 13842 191 ( ( -LRB- 7960 13842 192 sole sole JJ 7960 13842 193 emperor emperor NN 7960 13842 194 , , , 7960 13842 195 324 324 CD 7960 13842 196 - - SYM 7960 13842 197 337 337 CD 7960 13842 198 ) ) -RRB- 7960 13842 199 Julian Julian NNP 7960 13842 200 , , , 7960 13842 201 361 361 CD 7960 13842 202 - - SYM 7960 13842 203 363 363 NN 7960 13842 204 Theodosius Theodosius NNP 7960 13842 205 I -PRON- PRP 7960 13842 206 ( ( -LRB- 7960 13842 207 East East NNP 7960 13842 208 ) ) -RRB- 7960 13842 209 , , , 7960 13842 210 379 379 CD 7960 13842 211 - - SYM 7960 13842 212 395 395 CD 7960 13842 213 311 311 CD 7960 13842 214 Edict edict NN 7960 13842 215 of of IN 7960 13842 216 Galerius Galerius NNP 7960 13842 217 312 312 CD 7960 13842 218 Battle Battle NNP 7960 13842 219 of of IN 7960 13842 220 the the DT 7960 13842 221 Milvian Milvian NNP 7960 13842 222 Bridge Bridge NNP 7960 13842 223 313 313 NNP 7960 13842 224 _ _ NNP 7960 13842 225 Edict Edict NNP 7960 13842 226 of of IN 7960 13842 227 Milan Milan NNP 7960 13842 228 _ _ NNP 7960 13842 229 325 325 CD 7960 13842 230 _ _ NNP 7960 13842 231 Council Council NNP 7960 13842 232 of of IN 7960 13842 233 Nicaea Nicaea NNP 7960 13842 234 _ _ NNP 7960 13842 235 326 326 CD 7960 13842 236 330 330 CD 7960 13842 237 Removal removal NN 7960 13842 238 of of IN 7960 13842 239 the the DT 7960 13842 240 capital capital NN 7960 13842 241 to to IN 7960 13842 242 Constantinople Constantinople NNP 7960 13842 243 376 376 CD 7960 13842 244 The the DT 7960 13842 245 Visigoths Visigoths NNPS 7960 13842 246 cross cross VBP 7960 13842 247 the the DT 7960 13842 248 Danube Danube NNP 7960 13842 249 378 378 CD 7960 13842 250 Battle Battle NNP 7960 13842 251 of of IN 7960 13842 252 Adrianople Adrianople NNP 7960 13842 253 395 395 CD 7960 13842 254 _ _ NNP 7960 13842 255 Death Death NNP 7960 13842 256 of of IN 7960 13842 257 Theodosius Theodosius NNP 7960 13842 258 I -PRON- PRP 7960 13842 259 _ _ NNP 7960 13842 260 410 410 CD 7960 13842 261 _ _ NNP 7960 13842 262 Capture Capture NNP 7960 13842 263 of of IN 7960 13842 264 Rome Rome NNP 7960 13842 265 by by IN 7960 13842 266 Alaric Alaric NNP 7960 13842 267 _ _ NNP 7960 13842 268 415 415 CD 7960 13842 269 - - HYPH 7960 13842 270 711 711 CD 7960 13842 271 Visigothic visigothic JJ 7960 13842 272 kingdom kingdom NN 7960 13842 273 in in IN 7960 13842 274 Spain Spain NNP 7960 13842 275 ( ( -LRB- 7960 13842 276 in in IN 7960 13842 277 Gaul Gaul NNP 7960 13842 278 , , , 7960 13842 279 415 415 CD 7960 13842 280 - - SYM 7960 13842 281 507 507 CD 7960 13842 282 ) ) -RRB- 7960 13842 283 429 429 CD 7960 13842 284 - - SYM 7960 13842 285 534 534 CD 7960 13842 286 Vandal vandal JJ 7960 13842 287 kingdom kingdom NN 7960 13842 288 in in IN 7960 13842 289 Africa Africa NNP 7960 13842 290 443 443 CD 7960 13842 291 - - SYM 7960 13842 292 534 534 CD 7960 13842 293 Kingdom Kingdom NNP 7960 13842 294 of of IN 7960 13842 295 the the DT 7960 13842 296 Burgundians Burgundians NNPS 7960 13842 297 449 449 CD 7960 13842 298 Invasion Invasion NNP 7960 13842 299 of of IN 7960 13842 300 Britain Britain NNP 7960 13842 301 by by IN 7960 13842 302 the the DT 7960 13842 303 Anglo Anglo NNP 7960 13842 304 - - HYPH 7960 13842 305 Saxons Saxons NNPS 7960 13842 306 451 451 CD 7960 13842 307 _ _ NNP 7960 13842 308 Battle Battle NNP 7960 13842 309 of of IN 7960 13842 310 Châlons Châlons NNPS 7960 13842 311 _ _ NNP 7960 13842 312 455 455 CD 7960 13842 313 Sack Sack NNP 7960 13842 314 of of IN 7960 13842 315 Rome Rome NNP 7960 13842 316 by by IN 7960 13842 317 the the DT 7960 13842 318 Vandals vandal NNS 7960 13842 319 476 476 CD 7960 13842 320 _ _ NNP 7960 13842 321 Deposition Deposition NNP 7960 13842 322 of of IN 7960 13842 323 Romulus Romulus NNP 7960 13842 324 Angustulus Angustulus NNP 7960 13842 325 _ _ NNP 7960 13842 326 THE the DT 7960 13842 327 MIDDLE MIDDLE NNP 7960 13842 328 AGES AGES NNP 7960 13842 329 486 486 CD 7960 13842 330 Clovis Clovis NNPS 7960 13842 331 defeats defeat VBZ 7960 13842 332 the the DT 7960 13842 333 Romans Romans NNPS 7960 13842 334 at at IN 7960 13842 335 Soissons Soissons NNPS 7960 13842 336 493 493 CD 7960 13842 337 - - SYM 7960 13842 338 553 553 CD 7960 13842 339 Ostrogothic Ostrogothic NNP 7960 13842 340 kingdom kingdom NN 7960 13842 341 in in IN 7960 13842 342 Italy Italy NNP 7960 13842 343 496 496 CD 7960 13842 344 _ _ NNP 7960 13842 345 Clovis Clovis NNP 7960 13842 346 accepts accept VBZ 7960 13842 347 Christianity Christianity NNP 7960 13842 348 _ _ NNP 7960 13842 349 527 527 CD 7960 13842 350 - - SYM 7960 13842 351 565 565 CD 7960 13842 352 Justinian justinian JJ 7960 13842 353 , , , 7960 13842 354 Roman roman JJ 7960 13842 355 emperor emperor NN 7960 13842 356 in in IN 7960 13842 357 the the DT 7960 13842 358 East East NNP 7960 13842 359 529 529 CD 7960 13842 360 ( ( -LRB- 7960 13842 361 ? ? . 7960 13842 362 ) ) -RRB- 7960 13843 1 Rule rule NN 7960 13843 2 of of IN 7960 13843 3 St. St. NNP 7960 13843 4 Benedict Benedict NNP 7960 13843 5 568 568 CD 7960 13843 6 - - SYM 7960 13843 7 774 774 CD 7960 13843 8 Lombards Lombards NNPS 7960 13843 9 in in IN 7960 13843 10 Italy Italy NNP 7960 13843 11 590 590 CD 7960 13843 12 - - SYM 7960 13843 13 604 604 CD 7960 13843 14 Pontificate pontificate NN 7960 13843 15 of of IN 7960 13843 16 Gregory Gregory NNP 7960 13843 17 the the DT 7960 13843 18 Great great JJ 7960 13843 19 597 597 CD 7960 13843 20 Augustine Augustine NNP 7960 13843 21 's 's POS 7960 13843 22 mission mission NN 7960 13843 23 to to IN 7960 13843 24 the the DT 7960 13843 25 Anglo Anglo NNP 7960 13843 26 - - HYPH 7960 13843 27 Saxons Saxons NNPS 7960 13843 28 610 610 CD 7960 13843 29 - - SYM 7960 13843 30 641 641 CD 7960 13843 31 Heraclius Heraclius NNP 7960 13843 32 , , , 7960 13843 33 Roman roman JJ 7960 13843 34 emperor emperor NN 7960 13843 35 in in IN 7960 13843 36 the the DT 7960 13843 37 East East NNP 7960 13843 38 622 622 CD 7960 13843 39 _ _ NNP 7960 13843 40 The the DT 7960 13843 41 Hegira Hegira NNP 7960 13843 42 _ _ NNP 7960 13843 43 632 632 CD 7960 13843 44 - - HYPH 7960 13843 45 661 661 CD 7960 13843 46 The the DT 7960 13843 47 " " `` 7960 13843 48 Orthodox Orthodox NNP 7960 13843 49 Caliphs Caliphs NNP 7960 13843 50 " " '' 7960 13843 51 661 661 CD 7960 13843 52 - - SYM 7960 13843 53 750 750 CD 7960 13843 54 The the DT 7960 13843 55 Ommiad Ommiad NNP 7960 13843 56 Caliphs Caliphs NNP 7960 13843 57 711 711 CD 7960 13843 58 Arabs Arabs NNPS 7960 13843 59 and and CC 7960 13843 60 Berbers berber NNS 7960 13843 61 invade invade VBP 7960 13843 62 Spain Spain NNP 7960 13843 63 716 716 CD 7960 13843 64 - - SYM 7960 13843 65 717 717 CD 7960 13843 66 Siege Siege NNP 7960 13843 67 of of IN 7960 13843 68 Constantinople Constantinople NNP 7960 13843 69 by by IN 7960 13843 70 the the DT 7960 13843 71 Arabs Arabs NNPS 7960 13843 72 732 732 CD 7960 13843 73 _ _ NNP 7960 13843 74 Battle Battle NNP 7960 13843 75 of of IN 7960 13843 76 Tours Tours NNP 7960 13843 77 _ _ NNP 7960 13843 78 750 750 CD 7960 13843 79 - - SYM 7960 13843 80 1058 1058 CD 7960 13843 81 The the DT 7960 13843 82 Abbassid Abbassid NNP 7960 13843 83 Caliphs Caliphs NNP 7960 13843 84 768 768 CD 7960 13843 85 - - HYPH 7960 13843 86 814 814 CD 7960 13843 87 Reign Reign NNP 7960 13843 88 of of IN 7960 13843 89 Charlemagne Charlemagne NNP 7960 13843 90 800 800 CD 7960 13843 91 _ _ NNP 7960 13843 92 Charlemagne Charlemagne NNP 7960 13843 93 crowned crown VBD 7960 13843 94 Emperor Emperor NNP 7960 13843 95 of of IN 7960 13843 96 the the DT 7960 13843 97 Romans Romans NNPS 7960 13843 98 _ _ NNP 7960 13843 99 829 829 CD 7960 13843 100 England England NNP 7960 13843 101 united unite VBD 7960 13843 102 under under IN 7960 13843 103 Egbert Egbert NNP 7960 13843 104 843 843 CD 7960 13843 105 Treaty Treaty NNP 7960 13843 106 of of IN 7960 13843 107 Verdun Verdun NNP 7960 13843 108 862 862 CD 7960 13843 109 ( ( -LRB- 7960 13843 110 ? ? . 7960 13843 111 ) ) -RRB- 7960 13844 1 Northmen Northmen NNP 7960 13844 2 under under IN 7960 13844 3 Ruric Ruric NNP 7960 13844 4 settle settle VB 7960 13844 5 in in IN 7960 13844 6 Russia Russia NNP 7960 13844 7 870 870 CD 7960 13844 8 Treaty Treaty NNP 7960 13844 9 of of IN 7960 13844 10 Mersen Mersen NNP 7960 13844 11 871 871 CD 7960 13844 12 - - SYM 7960 13844 13 901 901 CD 7960 13844 14 ( ( -LRB- 7960 13844 15 ? ? . 7960 13844 16 ) ) -RRB- 7960 13845 1 Reign Reign NNP 7960 13845 2 of of IN 7960 13845 3 Alfred Alfred NNP 7960 13845 4 the the DT 7960 13845 5 Great Great NNP 7960 13845 6 911 911 CD 7960 13845 7 Northmen Northmen NNP 7960 13845 8 settle settle VBP 7960 13845 9 in in IN 7960 13845 10 northwestern northwestern JJ 7960 13845 11 France France NNP 7960 13845 12 ( ( -LRB- 7960 13845 13 Normandy Normandy NNP 7960 13845 14 ) ) -RRB- 7960 13845 15 962 962 CD 7960 13845 16 _ _ NNP 7960 13845 17 Otto Otto NNP 7960 13845 18 the the DT 7960 13845 19 Great Great NNP 7960 13845 20 crowned crown VBN 7960 13845 21 Holy Holy NNP 7960 13845 22 Roman Roman NNP 7960 13845 23 Emperor Emperor NNP 7960 13845 24 _ _ NNP 7960 13845 25 982 982 NNP 7960 13845 26 Greenland Greenland NNP 7960 13845 27 discovered discover VBD 7960 13845 28 987 987 CD 7960 13845 29 - - SYM 7960 13845 30 996 996 CD 7960 13845 31 Reign Reign NNP 7960 13845 32 of of IN 7960 13845 33 Hugh Hugh NNP 7960 13845 34 Capet Capet NNP 7960 13845 35 988 988 CD 7960 13845 36 Christianity Christianity NNP 7960 13845 37 introduced introduce VBD 7960 13845 38 into into IN 7960 13845 39 Russia Russia NNP 7960 13845 40 1000 1000 CD 7960 13845 41 ( ( -LRB- 7960 13845 42 ? ? . 7960 13845 43 ) ) -RRB- 7960 13846 1 Vinland Vinland NNP 7960 13846 2 discovered discover VBD 7960 13846 3 1016 1016 CD 7960 13846 4 England England NNP 7960 13846 5 conquered conquer VBD 7960 13846 6 by by IN 7960 13846 7 Canute Canute NNP 7960 13846 8 1054 1054 CD 7960 13846 9 Final final JJ 7960 13846 10 rupture rupture NN 7960 13846 11 of of IN 7960 13846 12 Greek greek JJ 7960 13846 13 and and CC 7960 13846 14 Roman roman JJ 7960 13846 15 churches church NNS 7960 13846 16 1066 1066 CD 7960 13846 17 _ _ NNP 7960 13846 18 Battle Battle NNP 7960 13846 19 of of IN 7960 13846 20 Hastings Hastings NNP 7960 13846 21 ; ; : 7960 13846 22 Norman Norman NNP 7960 13846 23 conquest conquest NN 7960 13846 24 of of IN 7960 13846 25 England England NNP 7960 13846 26 _ _ NNP 7960 13846 27 1066 1066 CD 7960 13846 28 - - SYM 7960 13846 29 1087 1087 CD 7960 13846 30 William William NNP 7960 13846 31 I I NNP 7960 13846 32 , , , 7960 13846 33 the the DT 7960 13846 34 Conqueror Conqueror NNP 7960 13846 35 , , , 7960 13846 36 king king NN 7960 13846 37 of of IN 7960 13846 38 England England NNP 7960 13846 39 1073 1073 CD 7960 13846 40 - - SYM 7960 13846 41 1085 1085 CD 7960 13846 42 Pontificate pontificate NN 7960 13846 43 of of IN 7960 13846 44 Gregory Gregory NNP 7960 13846 45 VII vii NN 7960 13846 46 1077 1077 CD 7960 13846 47 Humiliation Humiliation NNP 7960 13846 48 of of IN 7960 13846 49 Henry Henry NNP 7960 13846 50 IV IV NNP 7960 13846 51 at at IN 7960 13846 52 Canossa Canossa NNP 7960 13846 53 1090 1090 CD 7960 13846 54 - - SYM 7960 13846 55 1153 1153 CD 7960 13846 56 St. St. NNP 7960 13846 57 Bernard Bernard NNP 7960 13846 58 1095 1095 CD 7960 13846 59 - - SYM 7960 13846 60 1291 1291 CD 7960 13846 61 The the DT 7960 13846 62 Crusades Crusades NNP 7960 13846 63 1095 1095 CD 7960 13846 64 _ _ NNP 7960 13846 65 Council Council NNP 7960 13846 66 of of IN 7960 13846 67 Clermont Clermont NNP 7960 13846 68 _ _ NNP 7960 13846 69 1099 1099 CD 7960 13846 70 Capture Capture NNP 7960 13846 71 of of IN 7960 13846 72 Jerusalem Jerusalem NNP 7960 13846 73 1147 1147 CD 7960 13846 74 - - SYM 7960 13846 75 1149 1149 CD 7960 13846 76 Second Second NNP 7960 13846 77 Crusade Crusade NNP 7960 13846 78 1189 1189 CD 7960 13846 79 - - SYM 7960 13846 80 1192 1192 CD 7960 13846 81 Third Third NNP 7960 13846 82 Crusade Crusade NNP 7960 13846 83 1202 1202 CD 7960 13846 84 - - SYM 7960 13846 85 1204 1204 CD 7960 13846 86 Fourth Fourth NNP 7960 13846 87 Crusade Crusade NNP 7960 13846 88 ; ; : 7960 13846 89 sack sack NN 7960 13846 90 of of IN 7960 13846 91 Constantinople Constantinople NNP 7960 13846 92 1204 1204 CD 7960 13846 93 - - SYM 7960 13846 94 1261 1261 CD 7960 13846 95 Latin Latin NNP 7960 13846 96 Empire Empire NNP 7960 13846 97 of of IN 7960 13846 98 Constantinople Constantinople NNP 7960 13846 99 1291 1291 CD 7960 13846 100 _ _ NNP 7960 13846 101 Fall Fall NNP 7960 13846 102 of of IN 7960 13846 103 Acre Acre NNP 7960 13846 104 ; ; : 7960 13846 105 end end NN 7960 13846 106 of of IN 7960 13846 107 the the DT 7960 13846 108 crusades crusade NNS 7960 13846 109 _ _ NNP 7960 13846 110 1122 1122 CD 7960 13846 111 Concordat Concordat NNP 7960 13846 112 of of IN 7960 13846 113 Worms Worms NNP 7960 13846 114 1152 1152 CD 7960 13846 115 - - SYM 7960 13846 116 1190 1190 CD 7960 13846 117 Reign Reign NNP 7960 13846 118 of of IN 7960 13846 119 Frederick Frederick NNP 7960 13846 120 I I NNP 7960 13846 121 , , , 7960 13846 122 Barbarossa Barbarossa NNP 7960 13846 123 1154 1154 CD 7960 13846 124 - - SYM 7960 13846 125 1189 1189 CD 7960 13846 126 Henry Henry NNP 7960 13846 127 II II NNP 7960 13846 128 , , , 7960 13846 129 king king NN 7960 13846 130 of of IN 7960 13846 131 England England NNP 7960 13846 132 1180 1180 CD 7960 13846 133 - - SYM 7960 13846 134 1223 1223 CD 7960 13846 135 Philip Philip NNP 7960 13846 136 II II NNP 7960 13846 137 , , , 7960 13846 138 Augustus Augustus NNP 7960 13846 139 , , , 7960 13846 140 king king NN 7960 13846 141 of of IN 7960 13846 142 France France NNP 7960 13846 143 1181 1181 CD 7960 13846 144 ( ( -LRB- 7960 13846 145 ? ? . 7960 13847 1 ) ) -RRB- 7960 13847 2 -1226 -1226 NNP 7960 13847 3 St. St. NNP 7960 13847 4 Francis Francis NNP 7960 13847 5 of of IN 7960 13847 6 Assisi Assisi NNP 7960 13847 7 1198 1198 CD 7960 13847 8 - - SYM 7960 13847 9 1216 1216 CD 7960 13847 10 Pontificate Pontificate NNP 7960 13847 11 of of IN 7960 13847 12 Innocent innocent JJ 7960 13847 13 III iii CD 7960 13847 14 1206 1206 CD 7960 13847 15 - - SYM 7960 13847 16 1227 1227 CD 7960 13847 17 Mongol Mongol NNP 7960 13847 18 conquests conquest NNS 7960 13847 19 under under IN 7960 13847 20 Jenghiz Jenghiz NNP 7960 13847 21 Khan Khan NNP 7960 13847 22 1215 1215 CD 7960 13847 23 _ _ NNP 7960 13847 24 Magna Magna NNPS 7960 13847 25 Carta Carta NNP 7960 13847 26 _ _ NNP 7960 13847 27 1226 1226 CD 7960 13847 28 - - SYM 7960 13847 29 1270 1270 CD 7960 13847 30 Louis Louis NNP 7960 13847 31 IX IX NNP 7960 13847 32 , , , 7960 13847 33 the the DT 7960 13847 34 Saint Saint NNP 7960 13847 35 , , , 7960 13847 36 king king NN 7960 13847 37 of of IN 7960 13847 38 France France NNP 7960 13847 39 1230 1230 CD 7960 13847 40 Union Union NNP 7960 13847 41 of of IN 7960 13847 42 Léon Léon NNP 7960 13847 43 and and CC 7960 13847 44 Castile Castile NNP 7960 13847 45 1237 1237 CD 7960 13847 46 - - SYM 7960 13847 47 1240 1240 CD 7960 13847 48 Mongol Mongol NNP 7960 13847 49 conquest conquest NN 7960 13847 50 of of IN 7960 13847 51 Russia Russia NNP 7960 13847 52 1254 1254 CD 7960 13847 53 - - SYM 7960 13847 54 1273 1273 CD 7960 13847 55 The the DT 7960 13847 56 Interregnum Interregnum NNP 7960 13847 57 1261 1261 CD 7960 13847 58 Fall Fall NNP 7960 13847 59 of of IN 7960 13847 60 Latin Latin NNP 7960 13847 61 Empire Empire NNP 7960 13847 62 of of IN 7960 13847 63 Constantinople Constantinople NNP 7960 13847 64 1271 1271 CD 7960 13847 65 - - SYM 7960 13847 66 1295 1295 CD 7960 13847 67 Travels travel NNS 7960 13847 68 of of IN 7960 13847 69 Marco Marco NNP 7960 13847 70 Polo Polo NNP 7960 13847 71 1272 1272 CD 7960 13847 72 - - SYM 7960 13847 73 1307 1307 CD 7960 13847 74 Edward Edward NNP 7960 13847 75 I I NNP 7960 13847 76 , , , 7960 13847 77 king king NN 7960 13847 78 of of IN 7960 13847 79 England England NNP 7960 13847 80 1273 1273 CD 7960 13847 81 _ _ NNP 7960 13847 82 Rudolf Rudolf NNP 7960 13847 83 of of IN 7960 13847 84 Hapsburg Hapsburg NNP 7960 13847 85 becomes become VBZ 7960 13847 86 Holy Holy NNP 7960 13847 87 Roman Roman NNP 7960 13847 88 Emperor Emperor NNP 7960 13847 89 _ _ NNP 7960 13847 90 1285 1285 CD 7960 13847 91 - - SYM 7960 13847 92 1314 1314 CD 7960 13847 93 Philip Philip NNP 7960 13847 94 IV IV NNP 7960 13847 95 , , , 7960 13847 96 the the DT 7960 13847 97 Fair Fair NNP 7960 13847 98 , , , 7960 13847 99 king king NN 7960 13847 100 of of IN 7960 13847 101 France France NNP 7960 13847 102 1291 1291 CD 7960 13847 103 First First NNP 7960 13847 104 Swiss Swiss NNP 7960 13847 105 Confederation Confederation NNP 7960 13847 106 1295 1295 CD 7960 13847 107 " " `` 7960 13847 108 Model Model NNP 7960 13847 109 Parliament Parliament NNP 7960 13847 110 " " '' 7960 13847 111 of of IN 7960 13847 112 Edward Edward NNP 7960 13847 113 I -PRON- PRP 7960 13847 114 1309 1309 CD 7960 13847 115 - - SYM 7960 13847 116 1377 1377 CD 7960 13847 117 " " `` 7960 13847 118 Babylonian Babylonian NNP 7960 13847 119 Captivity Captivity NNP 7960 13847 120 " " '' 7960 13847 121 of of IN 7960 13847 122 the the DT 7960 13847 123 Papacy Papacy NNP 7960 13847 124 1314 1314 CD 7960 13847 125 Battle Battle NNP 7960 13847 126 of of IN 7960 13847 127 Bannockburn Bannockburn NNP 7960 13847 128 1337 1337 CD 7960 13847 129 - - SYM 7960 13847 130 1453 1453 CD 7960 13847 131 Hundred hundred CD 7960 13847 132 Years Years NNPS 7960 13847 133 ' ' POS 7960 13847 134 War War NNP 7960 13847 135 1346 1346 CD 7960 13847 136 Battle Battle NNP 7960 13847 137 of of IN 7960 13847 138 Crécy Crécy NNP 7960 13847 139 1356 1356 CD 7960 13847 140 Battle Battle NNP 7960 13847 141 of of IN 7960 13847 142 Poitiers Poitiers NNP 7960 13847 143 1429 1429 CD 7960 13847 144 Joan Joan NNP 7960 13847 145 of of IN 7960 13847 146 Arc Arc NNP 7960 13847 147 appears appear VBZ 7960 13847 148 1348 1348 CD 7960 13847 149 - - SYM 7960 13847 150 1349 1349 CD 7960 13847 151 Black Black NNP 7960 13847 152 Death Death NNP 7960 13847 153 in in IN 7960 13847 154 Europe Europe NNP 7960 13847 155 1378 1378 CD 7960 13847 156 - - SYM 7960 13847 157 1417 1417 CD 7960 13847 158 The the DT 7960 13847 159 " " `` 7960 13847 160 Great Great NNP 7960 13847 161 Schism Schism NNP 7960 13847 162 " " '' 7960 13847 163 1381 1381 CD 7960 13847 164 Peasants Peasants NNPS 7960 13847 165 ' ' POS 7960 13847 166 Revolt Revolt NNP 7960 13847 167 in in IN 7960 13847 168 England England NNP 7960 13847 169 1396 1396 CD 7960 13847 170 Greek Greek NNP 7960 13847 171 first first RB 7960 13847 172 taught teach VBD 7960 13847 173 at at IN 7960 13847 174 Florence Florence NNP 7960 13847 175 1405 1405 CD 7960 13847 176 Death Death NNP 7960 13847 177 of of IN 7960 13847 178 Timur Timur NNP 7960 13847 179 the the DT 7960 13847 180 Lame lame JJ 7960 13847 181 1415 1415 CD 7960 13847 182 John John NNP 7960 13847 183 Huss Huss NNP 7960 13847 184 burned burn VBD 7960 13847 185 TRANSITION TRANSITION NNP 7960 13847 186 TO to IN 7960 13847 187 MODERN MODERN NNP 7960 13847 188 TIMES times NN 7960 13847 189 1453 1453 CD 7960 13847 190 _ _ NNP 7960 13847 191 Constantinople Constantinople NNP 7960 13847 192 captured capture VBN 7960 13847 193 by by IN 7960 13847 194 the the DT 7960 13847 195 Ottoman Ottoman NNP 7960 13847 196 Turks Turks NNPS 7960 13847 197 _ _ NNP 7960 13847 198 1455 1455 CD 7960 13847 199 - - SYM 7960 13847 200 1485 1485 CD 7960 13847 201 War War NNP 7960 13847 202 of of IN 7960 13847 203 the the DT 7960 13847 204 Roses Roses NNPS 7960 13847 205 1461 1461 CD 7960 13847 206 - - HYPH 7960 13847 207 1483 1483 CD 7960 13847 208 Louis Louis NNP 7960 13847 209 XI XI NNP 7960 13847 210 , , , 7960 13847 211 king king NN 7960 13847 212 of of IN 7960 13847 213 France France NNP 7960 13847 214 1462 1462 CD 7960 13847 215 - - SYM 7960 13847 216 1505 1505 CD 7960 13847 217 Ivan Ivan NNP 7960 13847 218 III III NNP 7960 13847 219 , , , 7960 13847 220 the the DT 7960 13847 221 Great great JJ 7960 13847 222 , , , 7960 13847 223 tsar tsar RB 7960 13847 224 of of IN 7960 13847 225 Russia Russia NNP 7960 13847 226 1476 1476 CD 7960 13847 227 Caxton Caxton NNP 7960 13847 228 's 's POS 7960 13847 229 printing print VBG 7960 13847 230 press press NN 7960 13847 231 set set VBN 7960 13847 232 up up RP 7960 13847 233 in in IN 7960 13847 234 England England NNP 7960 13847 235 1479 1479 CD 7960 13847 236 Castile Castile NNP 7960 13847 237 and and CC 7960 13847 238 Aragon Aragon NNP 7960 13847 239 united unite VBD 7960 13847 240 under under IN 7960 13847 241 Ferdinand Ferdinand NNP 7960 13847 242 and and CC 7960 13847 243 Isabella Isabella NNP 7960 13847 244 1485 1485 CD 7960 13847 245 - - SYM 7960 13847 246 1509 1509 CD 7960 13847 247 Henry Henry NNP 7960 13847 248 VII VII NNP 7960 13847 249 , , , 7960 13847 250 king king NN 7960 13847 251 of of IN 7960 13847 252 England England NNP 7960 13847 253 1488 1488 CD 7960 13847 254 Cape Cape NNP 7960 13847 255 of of IN 7960 13847 256 Good Good NNP 7960 13847 257 Hope Hope NNP 7960 13847 258 rounded round VBN 7960 13847 259 by by IN 7960 13847 260 Diaz Diaz NNP 7960 13847 261 1492 1492 CD 7960 13847 262 _ _ NNP 7960 13847 263 America America NNP 7960 13847 264 discovered discover VBN 7960 13847 265 by by IN 7960 13847 266 Columbus Columbus NNP 7960 13847 267 _ _ NNP 7960 13847 268 1497 1497 CD 7960 13847 269 North North NNP 7960 13847 270 America America NNP 7960 13847 271 rediscovered rediscover VBN 7960 13847 272 by by IN 7960 13847 273 John John NNP 7960 13847 274 Cabot Cabot NNP 7960 13847 275 1498 1498 CD 7960 13847 276 _ _ NNP 7960 13847 277 Vasco Vasco NNP 7960 13847 278 da da NNP 7960 13847 279 Gama Gama NNP 7960 13847 280 reaches reach VBZ 7960 13847 281 India India NNP 7960 13847 282 _ _ NNP 7960 13847 283 1513 1513 CD 7960 13847 284 Discovery Discovery NNP 7960 13847 285 of of IN 7960 13847 286 the the DT 7960 13847 287 Pacific Pacific NNP 7960 13847 288 by by IN 7960 13847 289 Balboa Balboa NNP 7960 13847 290 1517 1517 CD 7960 13847 291 - - SYM 7960 13847 292 1555 1555 CD 7960 13847 293 Reformation Reformation NNP 7960 13847 294 in in IN 7960 13847 295 Germany Germany NNP 7960 13847 296 1517 1517 CD 7960 13847 297 _ _ NNP 7960 13847 298 The the DT 7960 13847 299 Ninety Ninety NNP 7960 13847 300 - - HYPH 7960 13847 301 five five CD 7960 13847 302 These these DT 7960 13847 303 s s NNS 7960 13847 304 _ _ NNP 7960 13847 305 1520 1520 CD 7960 13847 306 Burning Burning NNP 7960 13847 307 of of IN 7960 13847 308 the the DT 7960 13847 309 papal papal JJ 7960 13847 310 bull bull NN 7960 13847 311 1521 1521 CD 7960 13847 312 Edict Edict NNP 7960 13847 313 of of IN 7960 13847 314 Worms Worms NNP 7960 13847 315 1555 1555 CD 7960 13847 316 Peace Peace NNP 7960 13847 317 of of IN 7960 13847 318 Augsburg Augsburg NNP 7960 13847 319 1519 1519 CD 7960 13847 320 - - SYM 7960 13847 321 1521 1521 CD 7960 13847 322 Mexico Mexico NNP 7960 13847 323 conquered conquer VBD 7960 13847 324 by by IN 7960 13847 325 Cortés Cortés NNP 7960 13847 326 1519 1519 CD 7960 13847 327 - - SYM 7960 13847 328 1522 1522 CD 7960 13847 329 Magellan Magellan NNP 7960 13847 330 's 's POS 7960 13847 331 circumnavigation circumnavigation NN 7960 13847 332 of of IN 7960 13847 333 the the DT 7960 13847 334 globe globe NNP 7960 13847 335 1519 1519 CD 7960 13847 336 - - SYM 7960 13847 337 1556 1556 CD 7960 13847 338 Reign Reign NNP 7960 13847 339 of of IN 7960 13847 340 Charles Charles NNP 7960 13847 341 V V NNP 7960 13847 342 1531 1531 CD 7960 13847 343 - - SYM 7960 13847 344 1537 1537 CD 7960 13847 345 Peru Peru NNP 7960 13847 346 conquered conquer VBN 7960 13847 347 by by IN 7960 13847 348 Pizarro Pizarro NNP 7960 13847 349 1533 1533 CD 7960 13847 350 - - SYM 7960 13847 351 1558 1558 CD 7960 13847 352 Reformation Reformation NNP 7960 13847 353 in in IN 7960 13847 354 England England NNP 7960 13847 355 1534 1534 CD 7960 13847 356 Jesuit Jesuit NNP 7960 13847 357 order order NN 7960 13847 358 founded found VBN 7960 13847 359 by by IN 7960 13847 360 Loyola Loyola NNP 7960 13847 361 1545 1545 CD 7960 13847 362 - - SYM 7960 13847 363 1563 1563 CD 7960 13847 364 Council Council NNP 7960 13847 365 of of IN 7960 13847 366 Trent Trent NNP 7960 13847 367 1556 1556 CD 7960 13847 368 - - SYM 7960 13847 369 1598 1598 CD 7960 13847 370 Reign Reign NNP 7960 13847 371 of of IN 7960 13847 372 Philip Philip NNP 7960 13847 373 II II NNP 7960 13847 374 1558 1558 CD 7960 13847 375 - - SYM 7960 13847 376 1603 1603 CD 7960 13847 377 Elizabeth Elizabeth NNP 7960 13847 378 , , , 7960 13847 379 queen queen NN 7960 13847 380 of of IN 7960 13847 381 England England NNP 7960 13847 382 1568 1568 CD 7960 13847 383 - - SYM 7960 13847 384 1609 1609 CD 7960 13847 385 Revolt Revolt NNP 7960 13847 386 of of IN 7960 13847 387 the the DT 7960 13847 388 Netherlands Netherlands NNP 7960 13847 389 1571 1571 CD 7960 13847 390 Battle Battle NNP 7960 13847 391 of of IN 7960 13847 392 Lepanto Lepanto NNP 7960 13847 393 1572 1572 CD 7960 13847 394 Massacre Massacre NNP 7960 13847 395 of of IN 7960 13847 396 St. St. NNP 7960 13847 397 Bartholomew Bartholomew NNP 7960 13847 398 1579 1579 CD 7960 13847 399 Union Union NNP 7960 13847 400 of of IN 7960 13847 401 Utrecht Utrecht NNP 7960 13847 402 1588 1588 CD 7960 13847 403 _ _ NNP 7960 13847 404 Defeat Defeat NNP 7960 13847 405 of of IN 7960 13847 406 the the DT 7960 13847 407 Spanish Spanish NNP 7960 13847 408 Armada Armada NNP 7960 13847 409 _ _ NNP 7960 13847 410 1589 1589 CD 7960 13847 411 - - SYM 7960 13847 412 1610 1610 CD 7960 13847 413 Henry Henry NNP 7960 13847 414 IV IV NNP 7960 13847 415 , , , 7960 13847 416 king king NN 7960 13847 417 of of IN 7960 13847 418 France France NNP 7960 13847 419 1598 1598 CD 7960 13847 420 _ _ NNP 7960 13847 421 Edict Edict NNP 7960 13847 422 of of IN 7960 13847 423 Nantes Nantes NNP 7960 13847 424 _ _ NNP 7960 13847 425 1600 1600 CD 7960 13847 426 English English NNP 7960 13847 427 East East NNP 7960 13847 428 India India NNP 7960 13847 429 Company Company NNP 7960 13847 430 chartered charter VBD 7960 13847 431 1603 1603 CD 7960 13847 432 - - SYM 7960 13847 433 1625 1625 CD 7960 13847 434 Reign Reign NNP 7960 13847 435 of of IN 7960 13847 436 James James NNP 7960 13847 437 I -PRON- PRP 7960 13847 438 1607 1607 CD 7960 13847 439 Colonization Colonization NNP 7960 13847 440 of of IN 7960 13847 441 Virginia Virginia NNP 7960 13847 442 ; ; : 7960 13847 443 Jamestown Jamestown NNP 7960 13847 444 founded found VBD 7960 13847 445 1611 1611 CD 7960 13847 446 Authorized Authorized NNP 7960 13847 447 Version Version NNP 7960 13847 448 of of IN 7960 13847 449 the the DT 7960 13847 450 Bible Bible NNP 7960 13847 451 1618 1618 CD 7960 13847 452 - - SYM 7960 13847 453 1648 1648 CD 7960 13847 454 Thirty thirty CD 7960 13847 455 Years Years NNPS 7960 13847 456 ' ' POS 7960 13847 457 War War NNP 7960 13847 458 1625 1625 CD 7960 13847 459 - - SYM 7960 13847 460 1649 1649 CD 7960 13847 461 Reign Reign NNP 7960 13847 462 of of IN 7960 13847 463 Charles Charles NNP 7960 13847 464 I -PRON- PRP 7960 13847 465 1628 1628 CD 7960 13847 466 The the DT 7960 13847 467 Petition Petition NNP 7960 13847 468 of of IN 7960 13847 469 Right Right NNP 7960 13847 470 1630 1630 CD 7960 13847 471 - - SYM 7960 13847 472 1640 1640 CD 7960 13847 473 Puritan Puritan NNP 7960 13847 474 exodus exodus NN 7960 13847 475 to to IN 7960 13847 476 Massachusetts Massachusetts NNP 7960 13847 477 1640 1640 CD 7960 13847 478 Meeting Meeting NNP 7960 13847 479 of of IN 7960 13847 480 the the DT 7960 13847 481 Long Long NNP 7960 13847 482 Parliament Parliament NNP 7960 13847 483 1642 1642 CD 7960 13847 484 - - SYM 7960 13847 485 1649 1649 CD 7960 13847 486 The the DT 7960 13847 487 Great Great NNP 7960 13847 488 Rebellion Rebellion NNP 7960 13847 489 1643 1643 CD 7960 13847 490 - - SYM 7960 13847 491 1715 1715 CD 7960 13847 492 Louis Louis NNP 7960 13847 493 XIV XIV NNP 7960 13847 494 , , , 7960 13847 495 king king NN 7960 13847 496 of of IN 7960 13847 497 France France NNP 7960 13847 498 1648 1648 CD 7960 13847 499 _ _ NNP 7960 13847 500 Peace Peace NNP 7960 13847 501 of of IN 7960 13847 502 Westphalia Westphalia NNP 7960 13847 503 _ _ NNP 7960 13847 504 1649 1649 CD 7960 13847 505 Execution Execution NNP 7960 13847 506 of of IN 7960 13847 507 Charles Charles NNP 7960 13847 508 I -PRON- PRP 7960 13847 509 1649 1649 CD 7960 13847 510 - - SYM 7960 13847 511 1660 1660 CD 7960 13847 512 The the DT 7960 13847 513 Commonwealth Commonwealth NNP 7960 13847 514 and and CC 7960 13847 515 the the DT 7960 13847 516 Protectorate Protectorate NNP 7960 13847 517 1651 1651 CD 7960 13847 518 First First NNP 7960 13847 519 Navigation Navigation NNP 7960 13847 520 Act Act NNP 7960 13847 521 1660 1660 CD 7960 13847 522 Restoration Restoration NNP 7960 13847 523 of of IN 7960 13847 524 Charles Charles NNP 7960 13847 525 II II NNP 7960 13847 526 1688 1688 CD 7960 13847 527 - - SYM 7960 13847 528 1689 1689 CD 7960 13847 529 _ _ NNP 7960 13847 530 The the DT 7960 13847 531 " " `` 7960 13847 532 Glorious Glorious NNP 7960 13847 533 Revolution Revolution NNP 7960 13847 534 " " '' 7960 13847 535 _ _ NNP 7960 13847 536 1692 1692 CD 7960 13847 537 Salem Salem NNP 7960 13847 538 witchcraft witchcraft NN 7960 13847 539 persecution persecution NN 7960 13847 540 1702 1702 CD 7960 13847 541 - - SYM 7960 13847 542 1713 1713 CD 7960 13847 543 War War NNP 7960 13847 544 of of IN 7960 13847 545 the the DT 7960 13847 546 Spanish Spanish NNP 7960 13847 547 Succession Succession NNP 7960 13847 548 1713 1713 CD 7960 13847 549 _ _ NNP 7960 13847 550 Peace Peace NNP 7960 13847 551 of of IN 7960 13847 552 Utrecht Utrecht NNP 7960 13847 553 _ _ NNP 7960 13847 554 1744 1744 CD 7960 13847 555 - - SYM 7960 13847 556 1748 1748 CD 7960 13847 557 " " `` 7960 13847 558 King King NNP 7960 13847 559 George George NNP 7960 13847 560 's 's POS 7960 13847 561 War War NNP 7960 13847 562 " " `` 7960 13847 563 1754 1754 CD 7960 13847 564 - - SYM 7960 13847 565 1763 1763 CD 7960 13847 566 " " `` 7960 13847 567 French french JJ 7960 13847 568 and and CC 7960 13847 569 Indian Indian NNP 7960 13847 570 War War NNP 7960 13847 571 " " '' 7960 13847 572 1763 1763 CD 7960 13847 573 _ _ NNP 7960 13847 574 Peace Peace NNP 7960 13847 575 of of IN 7960 13847 576 Paris Paris NNP 7960 13847 577 _ _ NNP