A discourse of the use of images in relation to the Church of England and the Church of Rome in vindication of Nubes testium against a pamphlet entitled The antiquity of the Protestant religion concerning images, directed against some leaves of that collection.
         Gother, John, d. 1704.
      
       
         
           1687
        
      
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             A discourse of the use of images in relation to the Church of England and the Church of Rome in vindication of Nubes testium against a pamphlet entitled The antiquity of the Protestant religion concerning images, directed against some leaves of that collection.
             Gother, John, d. 1704.
          
           39 p.
           
             Printed by Henry Hills ...,
             London :
             1687.
          
           
             Written by John Gother. Cf. DNB.
             "Publisht with allowance."
             Reproduction of original in the University of Illinois (Urbana-Champaign Campus). Library.
          
        
      
    
     
       
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         eng
      
       
         
           Gother, John, d. 1704. -- Nubes testium.
           Pelling, Edward, d. 1718. -- Antiquity of the Protestant religion.
           Church of England -- Customs and practices.
           Catholic Church -- Customs and practices.
           Idols and images -- England -- Early works to 1800.
           Protestantism -- Early works to 1800.
        
      
    
     
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           A
           DISCOURSE
           OF
           THE
           Use
           of
           Images
           :
           In
           Relation
           to
           the
           
             Church
             of
             England
          
           AND
           THE
           Church
           of
           Rome
           .
           In
           Vindication
           of
           NUBES
           TESTIUM
           .
           Against
           a
           Pamphlet
           Entitled
           ,
           
             The
             Antiquity
             of
             the
             Protestant
             Religion
             concerning
             Images
             ,
          
           directed
           against
           some
           Leaves
           of
           that
           Collection
           .
        
         
           
             Publisht
             with
             Allowance
          
           .
        
         
           LONDON
           ,
           Printed
           by
           
             Henry
             Hills
          
           ,
           Printer
           to
           the
           King
           's
           Most
           Excellent
           Majesty
           ,
           for
           His
           Houshold
           and
           Chappel
           .
           1687.
           
        
      
    
     
       
         
         
         
           A
           Discourse
           of
           the
           Use
           of
           Images
           :
           In
           relation
           to
           the
           Church
           of
           England
           and
           the
           Church
           of
           Rome
           .
           In
           Vindication
           of
           
             NUBES
             TESTIUM
          
           .
        
         
           THE
           Factious
           and
           Unchristian
           Temper
           of
           our
           Age
           has
           so
           unhappily
           spread
           it self
           thro'
           all
           Ranks
           of
           Men
           ,
           that
           even
           those
           ,
           whose
           business
           ought
           to
           be
           the
           Advancement
           of
           Piety
           ,
           have
           not
           escap'd
           it
           's
           malignant
           Influence
           .
           And
           this
           they
           evidence
           too
           clearly
           to
           the
           world
           ,
           whilst
           They
           shew
           themselves
           so
           industrious
           in
           multiplying
           the
           number
           of
           many
           needless
           Contentions
           in
           the
           Church
           ,
           instead
           of
           endeavouring
           to
           lessen
           and
           abate
           them
           .
           This
           is
           the
           Misfortune
           of
           him
           ,
           who
           undertakes
           to
           assert
           the
           
             Antiquity
             of
             the
             Protestant
             Religion
             concerning
             Images
             ,
          
           in
           Answer
           to
           a
           Dozen
           Leaves
           of
           
             Nubes
             Testium
          
           :
           Who
           because
           he
           is
           a
           Profess'd
           and
           Virulent
           Enemy
           to
           Catholics
           ,
           seems
           resolv'd
           to
           contradict
           and
           Ridicule
           ,
           in
           a
           strain
           of
           Drollery
           more
           becoming
           the
           Stage
           than
           his
           Coat
           ,
           every
           thing
           they
           Believe
           and
           Teach
           ,
           tho'
           it
           be
           the
           very
           Doctrin
           of
           his
           
             own
             Church
          
           .
           And
           like
           a
           
             Blind
             Combatant
          
           strikes
           at
           all
           before
           him
           ,
           without
           distinction
           of
           Friend
           and
           Enemy
           ,
           with
           a
           
             Have
             at
             all
          
           .
           At
           this
           Game
           plays
           this
           Undertaker
           ;
           whose
           only
           care
           being
           
           to
           write
           an
           Answer
           in
           FULL
           ,
           Answers
           ,
           and
           Condemns
           even
           those
           Practices
           ,
           as
           are
           allow'd
           and
           approv'd
           by
           
             his
             own
             Church
          
           ;
           and
           in
           this
           new
           Method
           of
           Controversie
           spends
           the
           greatest
           part
           of
           his
           Twelve-penny
           Pamphlet
           :
           So
           that
           tho'
           he
           pretends
           to
           be
           a
           Son
           of
           the
           Church
           of
           England
           ,
           yet
           whosoever
           considers
           ,
           how
           often
           he
           strikes
           that
           Church
           in
           the
           Face
           ,
           must
           needs
           question
           the
           Legitimation
           ,
           and
           necessarily
           conclude
           ,
           that
           't
           is
           Uncertain
           What
           Church
           he
           is
           of
           ,
           whilst
           the
           only
           thing
           Certain
           is
           ,
           That
           he
           is
           
             No
             Papist
          
           .
           This
           whole
           matter
           ,
           as
           to
           his
           needless
           multiplying
           of
           Controversies
           ,
           and
           opposing
           the
           Doctrin
           and
           Practice
           of
           the
           Church
           of
           England
           ,
           as
           well
           as
           that
           of
           the
           Church
           of
           Rome
           ,
           I
           'll
           shew
           briefly
           in
           declaring
           ,
           what
           the
           Church
           of
           Rome
           and
           England
           teach
           concerning
           ,
        
         
           
             1.
             
             The
             Historical
             Use
             of
             Sacred
             Images
             .
          
           
             2.
             
             The
             Commemorative
             Use
             of
             Images
             .
          
           
             3.
             
             The
             Respect
             and
             Honor
             due
             to
             Images
             .
          
        
         
           In
           all
           which
           if
           it
           be
           made
           appear
           that
           the
           
             Two
             Churches
          
           agree
           ,
           there
           will
           need
           but
           little
           more
           ,
           to
           prove
           This
           Answerer
           a
           Trisler
           ,
           whilst
           he
           so
           laboriously
           sets
           himself
           against
           both
           ;
           and
           at
           the
           end
           of
           all
           ,
           says
           nothing
           to
           the
           purpose
           .
        
         
           1.
           
           As
           to
           the
           
             Historical
             Vse
             of
             Images
          
           ,
           't
           is
           the
           Profess'd
           Doctrin
           and
           Practice
           of
           the
           Church
           of
           Rome
           ,
           to
           have
           the
           Pictures
           and
           Images
           of
           Holy
           Things
           and
           Passages
           both
           in
           
             Houses
             and
             Churches
          
           ,
           for
           the
           instruction
           of
           the
           Ignorant
           in
           the
           knowledge
           of
           the
           History
           of
           both
           the
           Old
           and
           New
           Testament
           ;
           that
           so
           they
           may
           be
           acquainted
           with
           those
           Sacred
           Persons
           of
           Patriarchs
           ,
           Prophets
           and
           Apostles
           ,
           and
           be
           inform'd
           of
           the
           Wonderful
           Works
           wrought
           by
           God
           in
           Mans
           Creation
           and
           Redemption
           .
           This
           appears
           in
           the
           Council
           of
           
             Trent
             Sess
          
           .
           25
           and
           in
           the
           
             Catechism
             ad
             Parochos
          
           part
           .
           3.
           
             de
             Invoc
             .
             Sanc.
          
           par
           .
           40.
           
           
           Both
           which
           agree
           ,
           that
           Holy
           Pictures
           and
           Images
           are
           made
           ,
           to
           inform
           the
           People
           of
           the
           History
           of
           
             Holy
             Writ
          
           ,
           and
           that
           for
           this
           end
           they
           are
           set
           up
           in
           Churches
           and
           other
           Places
           .
        
         
           This
           same
           
             Historical
             Vse
             of
             Holy
             Images
          
           is
           conform
           likewise
           to
           the
           Doctrin
           and
           Practice
           of
           the
           Church
           of
           England
           ,
           as
           is
           evident
           in
           Mr.
           
           Montagu's
           
             Appeal
             to
             Caesar
          
           ,
           who
           declaring
           the
           Church
           of
           
           England's
           
             Own
             ,
             Proper
             ,
             True
             and
             Antient
             Tenets
             ,
             (
             Ep.
             Ded.
             to
             the
             King
             )
             such
             as
             be
             without
             any
             doubt
             or
             question
             ,
             Legitimate
             and
             Genuine
             ,
             such
             as
             she
             will
             both
             acknowledge
             and
             maintain
             for
             her
             own
             ,
          
           in
           this
           Book
           Authoris'd
           and
           Publish'd
           by
           Express
           order
           of
           King
           James
           and
           Charles
           l.
           and
           approv'd
           as
           
             containing
             nothing
             in
             it
             ,
             but
             what
             was
             agreeable
             to
             the
             Doctrin
             and
             Discipline
             establish'd
             in
             the
             Church
             of
          
           England
           
             (
             Ib.
          
           )
           says
           expresly
           ,
           c.
           20.
           that
           
             Images
             were
             improv'd
             unto
             an
             Historical
             Vse
             in
             St.
          
           Gregory
           
             's
             time
          
           ,
           and
           then
           adds
           ;
           
             Had
             the
             Church
             of
          
           Rome
           
             gon
             no
             farther
             in
             Practice
             or
             Precept
             ,
             than
             that
             which
             St.
          
           Gregory
           
             recommends
             ,
             our
             Church
          
           (
           says
           he
           )
           
             I
             suppose
             (
             for
             so
             our
             Doctrin
             is
             )
             would
             not
             blame
             them
             ,
             nor
             have
             departed
             from
             them
             about
             that
             Point
             .
          
           And
           agen
           chap.
           23.
           
           
             Doth
             the
             English
             Church
             condemn
             the
             Historical
             or
             Civil
             use
             of
             Images
             ?
             It
             do's
             not
          
           (
           says
           he
           )
           
             in
             Practice
             ;
             all
             the
             World
             knows
             that
             ;
             nor
             yet
             in
             Precept
             or
             Doctrin
             ,
             that
             I
             know
             .
          
           And
           at
           the
           end
           of
           the
           same
           Chapter
           ,
           he
           says
           ,
           
             Images
             may
             be
             had
             and
             made
             —
             ut
             Ornatui
             sint
             ,
             ut
             Memoriae
             ,
             ut
             Historiae
             ;
             For
             Ornament
             ,
             for
             Commemoration
             ,
             and
             for
             History
             ;
             and
             that
             they
             may
             be
             made
             for
             such
             Ends
             ,
             No
             Law
             of
             God
             forbiddeth
             ,
             says
             our
          
           Gamaliel
           ,
           pa.
           203.
           
             ad
             Apol.
             Bel.
          
           From
           whose
           words
           ,
           in
           a
           Book
           so
           Authentic
           ,
           and
           approv'd
           by
           
             Two
             Kings
             ,
             Heads
          
           of
           the
           Church
           ,
           't
           is
           beyond
           question
           ,
           that
           the
           
             Historical
             Vse
             of
             Images
          
           is
           agreeable
           to
           the
           Doctrin
           and
           Practice
           of
           the
           Church
           of
           England
           .
           And
           this
           do's
           most
           Evidently
           appear
           
           to
           any
           ,
           that
           will
           but
           put
           his
           head
           into
           any
           Church
           of
           this
           Communion
           ,
           where
           presently
           Moyses
           ,
           and
           Aaron
           shew
           themselves
           to
           the
           Beholder
           ,
           and
           let
           him
           know
           the
           concern
           they
           had
           in
           Those
           Commandements
           ,
           which
           they
           there
           guard
           betwixt
           them
           .
           This
           may
           be
           seen
           with
           great
           advantage
           in
           the
           Church
           at
           the
           Savoy
           ,
           where
           besides
           these
           Two
           Saints
           of
           the
           Jewish
           Law
           ,
           the
           
             Four
             Evangelists
          
           have
           their
           place
           in
           full
           proportion
           between
           the
           side
           Windows
           ,
           with
           St.
           Peter
           ,
           and
           St.
           Stephen
           ,
           and
           the
           
             Twelve
             Apostles
          
           in
           twelve
           Niches
           on
           the
           Front
           of
           the
           Gallery
           .
           But
           above
           all
           ,
           the
           New
           Church
           in
           St.
           
           James's
           in
           the
           Fields
           commends
           this
           Practice
           in
           a
           Rare
           Piece
           of
           Workmanship
           ,
           where
           the
           hand
           of
           the
           Artist
           has
           set
           forth
           to
           the
           Life
           upon
           the
           Font
           ,
           the
           History
           of
           
             Original
             Sin
          
           ,
           and
           it's
           Cure
           in
           the
           Water
           of
           Baptism
           .
           Adam
           and
           Eve
           stand
           beneath
           ,
           Confessing
           the
           guilt
           of
           that
           Sin
           ,
           for
           which
           Infants
           are
           brought
           thither
           to
           be
           cleans'd
           .
           Round
           the
           Bason
           is
           seen
           Christ
           under
           the
           hand
           of
           the
           Baptist
           in
           Jordan
           ,
           authorising
           the
           Institution
           of
           that
           Salutary
           Laver
           :
           And
           over
           it
           is
           an
           Angel
           ,
           as
           it
           were
           descending
           to
           
             move
             the
             Waters
          
           ,
           and
           to
           signifie
           that
           the
           efficacy
           of
           that
           Sacrament
           is
           from
           above
           .
           Then
           if
           you
           turn
           towards
           the
           Altar
           ,
           in
           
             one
             Figure
          
           is
           represented
           the
           Institution
           of
           the
           Blessed
           Sacrament
           at
           the
           
             Last
             Supper
          
           :
           The
           very
           same
           which
           is
           over
           the
           Altar
           at
           his
           Majesties
           Chappel
           at
           Whitehal
           ,
           and
           for
           the
           very
           same
           intent
           ,
           viz.
           A
           Pellican
           feeding
           her
           
             Young
             ones
          
           with
           her
           Blood
           ;
           to
           signifie
           what
           Christ
           gives
           to
           the
           Faithful
           ,
           his
           Children
           ,
           in
           the
           Sacrament
           ,
           that
           he
           feeds
           them
           with
           his
           Blood.
           Much
           more
           may
           be
           seen
           in
           Cathedral
           and
           Collegiate
           Churches
           of
           this
           kind
           ,
           not
           only
           in
           relation
           to
           the
           Old
           ,
           but
           New
           Testament
           ,
           even
           the
           Crucifixion
           of
           our
           Saviour
           ,
           but
           especially
           in
           the
           New
           Common-Prayer-Books
           ,
           interleav'd
           with
           Pictures
           .
        
         
         
           2ly
           .
           As
           to
           the
           
             Commemorative
             Vse
             of
             Images
          
           ,
           't
           is
           receiv'd
           and
           approv'd
           in
           the
           Church
           of
           Rome
           ,
           as
           't
           is
           explicated
           in
           the
           Council
           of
           Trent
           above
           cited
           ,
           where
           't
           is
           said
           ;
           That
           the
           Use
           of
           
             Holy
             Images
          
           is
           Beneficial
           to
           the
           People
           ,
           because
           by
           them
           they
           are
           put
           in
           mind
           of
           the
           Benefits
           and
           Blessings
           receiv'd
           from
           Christ
           ;
           and
           by
           seeing
           the
           Wonderful
           Miracles
           wrought
           by
           the
           Power
           of
           God
           ,
           and
           the
           Exemplary
           Lives
           of
           the
           Saints
           ,
           they
           are
           excited
           to
           give
           God
           Thanks
           for
           such
           Favors
           ,
           to
           love
           him
           ,
           and
           compose
           their
           Lives
           according
           to
           the
           Exemple
           of
           such
           Holy
           Men.
           The
           same
           is
           declared
           in
           the
           
             Catechism
             ad
             Parochos
             ,
             ut
             sup
             .
          
           where
           the
           
             Parish
             Priest
          
           is
           directed
           to
           inform
           the
           People
           ;
           That
           
             Holy
             Images
          
           are
           plac'd
           in
           Churches
           ,
           to
           put
           them
           in
           mind
           of
           the
           Divine
           Mysteries
           and
           Blessings
           ,
           that
           so
           they
           may
           be
           more
           Zealous
           and
           Attentive
           in
           the
           Love
           and
           Service
           of
           so
           Good
           a
           God.
           And
           that
           by
           beholding
           the
           Representations
           of
           the
           Saints
           ,
           they
           may
           be
           admonish'd
           ,
           to
           conform
           their
           Lives
           to
           such
           Examples
           .
           Thus
           teaches
           the
           Church
           of
           Rome
           .
        
         
           The
           Church
           of
           England
           likewise
           agrees
           with
           her
           in
           the
           same
           Doctrin
           and
           Practice
           ;
           allowing
           of
           Images
           ,
           as
           helps
           to
           Piety
           ,
           and
           for
           the
           affecting
           the
           minds
           of
           the
           Beholders
           with
           Pious
           Cogitations
           ,
           and
           encouraging
           them
           to
           a
           Vertuous
           and
           Exemplary
           Life
           .
           This
           is
           most
           apparent
           in
           the
           Injunctions
           given
           by
           King
           Edward
           VI.
           to
           his
           Clergy
           and
           Ministers
           ,
           wherein
           they
           are
           order'd
           to
           Instruct
           the
           People
           in
           their
           Circuits
           ,
           that
           
             Images
             serve
             for
             Remembrance
             ,
             whereby
             Men
             may
             be
             admonish'd
             of
             the
             holy
             Lives
             and
             Conversation
             of
             them
             that
             the
             said
             Images
             Represent
             .
          
           Which
           is
           the
           very
           Doctrin
           now
           mention'd
           in
           the
           Council
           of
           Trent
           and
           
             Catechism
             ad
             Parochos
          
           .
           This
           Mr.
           Montagu
           explicates
           more
           at
           large
           ,
           in
           his
           Book
           call'd
           
             A
             New
             Gag
             ,
             &c.
          
           where
           treating
           of
           Images
           ,
           he
           says
           to
           the
           
             Papists
             :
             Images
             have
             these
             uses
             assign'd
             by
             your
             Schools
          
           —
           
           
             The
             Instruction
             of
             the
             Ignorant
             ,
             the
             Refreshing
             of
             History
             ,
             and
             Exciting
             Devotion
             :
             You
             and
             WE
             also
             give
             unto
             them
             these
             .
          
           And
           a
           little
           after
           ,
           
             The
             Pictures
             of
             Christ
             ,
             the
             Blessed
             Virgin
             ,
             and
             Saints
             may
             be
             made
             ,
             and
             had
             in
             Houses
             ,
             set
             up
             in
             Churches
             .
             —
             The
             Protestants
             do
             it
             ,
             and
             use
             them
             for
             Helps
             of
             Piety
             .
          
           In
           his
           
             Appeal
             to
             Caesar
          
           likewise
           he
           thus
           delivers
           the
           Sense
           of
           the
           Church
           of
           England
           in
           this
           affair
           ,
           c.
           21.
           
           
             Our
             strictest
             Writers
          
           ,
           says
           he
           ,
           
             do
             not
             condemn
             or
             censure
             St.
          
           Gregory
           
             for
             putting
             upon
             them
          
           (
           Images
           )
           
             that
             Historical
             use
             of
             suggesting
             unto
             ,
             moving
             or
             affecting
             the
             mind
             even
             in
             Pious
             and
             Religious
             Affections
             :
             For
             Instance
             ,
             in
             Remembring
             more
             feelingly
             ,
             and
             so
             being
             empassion'd
             more
             effectually
             ,
             with
             the
             Death
             ,
             Blood-shed
             and
             Bitter
             Passion
             of
             our
             Saviour
             ,
             when
             we
             see
             that
             Story
             fully
             and
             lively
             Represented
             unto
             us
             in
             Colors
             ,
             or
             Work
             by
             a
             Skilful
             hand
             .
             And
             I
             know
             not
             the
             Man
             that
             is
             made
             of
             human
             Mold
             ,
             but
             when
             he
             readeth
             on
             this
          
           (
           Painted
           )
           
             Book
             ,
             his
             Tragical
             Endurances
             for
             Man
             ,
             will
             reflect
             upon
             himself
             ,
             and
             his
             own
             Soul
             and
             Conscience
             ,
             with
             a
             Lively
             apprehension
             of
          
           Man's
           Sin
           ,
           God's
           Love
           ,
           Christ's
           
             endeared
             Charity
             ,
             in
             undergoing
             these
             unknown
             Sufferings
             for
             our
             sake
             .
          
           Thus
           this
           Eminent
           Author
           most
           feelingly
           explicates
           the
           
             Pious
             use
          
           of
           Holy
           Images
           ,
           as
           proper
           for
           the
           suggesting
           Good
           Thoughts
           ,
           and
           inflaming
           the
           Soul
           with
           most
           Christian
           Affections
           ,
           in
           order
           to
           the
           Love
           and
           Service
           of
           God.
           
        
         
           In
           this
           the
           Reader
           may
           behold
           ,
           how
           little
           Difference
           ,
           or
           rather
           how
           great
           an
           Agreement
           there
           is
           between
           the
           Legitimate
           and
           
             Genuin
             Doctrin
          
           of
           the
           Church
           of
           England
           ,
           and
           the
           Church
           of
           Rome
           ,
           as
           to
           these
           two
           first
           Points
           mention'd
           ,
           viz.
           The
           
             Historical
             and
             Commemorative
             Vse
             of
             Sacred
             Images
             .
          
           Now
           when
           a
           Member
           of
           the
           Church
           of
           Rome
           has
           endeavor'd
           to
           shew
           ,
           that
           this
           Doctrin
           as
           to
           the
           Historical
           and
           
             Commemorative
             Vse
          
           of
           Holy
           Images
           is
           
           agreeable
           to
           the
           
             Antient
             Church
          
           ,
           as
           is
           done
           in
           
             Nubes
             Testium
          
           ;
           who
           could
           ever
           expect
           ,
           that
           any
           Member
           of
           the
           Church
           of
           England
           ,
           much
           less
           a
           Divine
           ,
           should
           appear
           ,
           bidding
           Defiance
           to
           such
           Doctrin
           ,
           with
           endeavors
           to
           shew
           the
           Practice
           of
           it
           to
           be
           
             Heathenish
             ,
             Heretical
          
           ,
           and
           but
           a
           
             Popish
             Invention
          
           ?
           Could
           a
           Man
           think
           ,
           that
           any
           
             Church
             of
          
           England
           Divine
           would
           take
           so
           much
           pains
           to
           abuse
           and
           Ridicule
           his
           
             own
             Church
          
           ?
           Certainly
           he
           must
           be
           either
           very
           Ignorant
           of
           what
           his
           own
           Church
           teaches
           ;
           or
           very
           
             blindly
             Malicious
          
           against
           the
           Church
           of
           Rome
           ,
           that
           to
           expose
           her
           ,
           should
           not
           care
           what
           Mischief
           he
           did
           his
           own
           
             Mother
             Church
          
           .
           But
           thus
           it
           happens
           sometimes
           ,
           when
           Men
           are
           guided
           by
           Passion
           instead
           of
           Truth
           and
           Reason
           ;
           't
           is
           impossible
           to
           avoid
           these
           Absurdities
           ,
           when
           such
           Bitter
           Spirits
           take
           Pen
           in
           hand
           ,
           who
           look
           no
           further
           in
           Answering
           ,
           than
           to
           Contradict
           their
           Adversary
           ,
           right
           or
           wrong
           .
           And
           how
           far
           this
           Answerer
           has
           done
           this
           ,
           't
           will
           be
           not
           amiss
           in
           this
           Place
           to
           consider
           .
        
         
           1st
           .
           Then
           he
           pretends
           to
           shew
           ,
           pa.
           20.
           
           
             That
             the
             first
             making
             of
             Pictures
             among
             Christians
             proceeded
             partly
             from
             the
             Example
             of
             some
             HERETICS
             .
          
           This
           Bolt
           he
           shoots
           against
           the
           Papists
           :
           But
           will
           not
           any
           Reader
           presently
           reflect
           ,
           that
           if
           
             Pictures
             in
             Churches
          
           ,
           be
           not
           a
           Christian
           Institution
           ,
           but
           the
           
             Corruption
             of
             Heretics
          
           ;
           that
           the
           Church
           of
           England
           ,
           for
           all
           the
           Pictures
           they
           set
           up
           in
           their
           Churches
           ,
           follow
           not
           Christ
           and
           his
           Apostles
           ,
           as
           they
           pretend
           ,
           but
           the
           Invention
           of
           Heretics
           ?
           And
           what
           Credit
           is
           this
           to
           his
           Church
           ?
        
         
           2ly
           .
           He
           asserts
           ib.
           that
           the
           making
           Pictures
           among
           
           Christians
           had
           it's
           Origin
           
             principally
             from
             the
             Fond
             Inclinations
             of
             those
             ,
             who
             being
             Converted
             from
             Heathenism
             to
             Christianity
             ,
             retain'd
             still
             an
             old
             relish
             and
             love
             of
             those
          
           Superstitious
           ▪
           Practices
           ,
           
             to
             which
             they
             had
             been
             accustom'd
             so
             long
             .
          
           Is
           not
           this
           to
           let
           the
           
             Person
             of
             Quality
          
           ,
           to
           whom
           he
           writes
           ,
           know
           ;
           that
           the
           Church
           of
           England
           ,
           in
           using
           and
           allowing
           Sacred
           Pictures
           of
           Christ
           ,
           his
           Apostles
           ,
           &c.
           (
           as
           is
           shewn
           above
           )
           in
           Houses
           and
           Churches
           ,
           follows
           not
           only
           an
           
             Heretical
             Abuse
          
           ,
           but
           likewise
           the
           
             Superstitious
             Practices
          
           of
           Heathens
           ?
        
         
           3ly
           .
           He
           says
           ,
           that
           there
           was
           
             no
             such
             thing
             ,
             pa.
          
           15.
           
             as
             the
             Vse
             of
             Images
             in
             the
             Primitive
             Ages
             .
          
           Which
           is
           to
           inform
           his
           Reader
           ,
           that
           the
           Church
           of
           England
           ,
           as
           to
           this
           Point
           of
           Images
           ,
           is
           faln
           from
           the
           Christianity
           of
           the
           Primitive
           Times
           ;
           and
           that
           she
           stands
           in
           need
           of
           a
           Reformation
           .
        
         
           4ly
           .
           He
           shews
           pa.
           22.
           that
           the
           having
           
             Pictures
             in
             Churches
          
           ,
           is
           contrary
           to
           an
           
             Express
             Canon
             of
             the
             Council
             of
          
           Eliberis
           ,
           held
           An.
           305.
           by
           the
           Fathers
           of
           the
           Primitive
           Church
           .
           In
           which
           he
           condemns
           his
           
             own
             Church
          
           for
           contradicting
           the
           Positive
           Decrees
           of
           so
           Antient
           a
           Council
           .
        
         
           5ly
           .
           From
           the
           Example
           of
           an
           Antient
           Bishop
           renting
           a
           Veil
           or
           Hanging
           ,
           whereon
           was
           the
           Image
           of
           Christ
           ,
           he
           declares
           ,
           pa.
           25.
           in
           the
           words
           of
           the
           Bishop
           ,
           such
           Pictures
           to
           be
           
             contrary
             to
             the
             Authority
             of
             the
             Scriptures
             .
          
           Which
           is
           plainly
           to
           tell
           the
           World
           ,
           that
           the
           Use
           of
           Hangings
           ,
           such
           as
           have
           Christ
           ,
           or
           his
           Saints
           Represented
           on
           them
           ,
           as
           may
           be
           seen
           in
           many
           Houses
           ,
           in
           Cathedral
           and
           Collegiate
           Churches
           ,
           are
           all
           
             contrary
             to
             the
             Word
             of
             God.
             
          
        
         
         
           These
           are
           some
           of
           the
           Severe
           Reflections
           he
           makes
           upon
           his
           
             own
             Church
          
           ,
           while
           he
           's
           blindly
           knocking
           down
           Popery
           .
           Who
           could
           desire
           a
           better
           condition'd
           Antagonist
           than
           this
           ,
           who
           is
           so
           Good-natur'd
           ,
           as
           never
           to
           strike
           at
           his
           Adversary
           ,
           but
           he
           gives
           himself
           a
           Blow
           over
           the
           Face
           at
           the
           same
           time
           ?
           Has
           not
           he
           fairly
           defended
           his
           
             own
             Church
          
           ,
           while
           he
           thus
           exposes
           her
           under
           the
           Guilt
           of
           being
           
             Heathenish
             ,
             Heretical
             ,
             going
             contrary
             to
             the
             Primitive
             Church
             ,
             to
             Councils
             and
             Scriptures
             ,
          
           which
           is
           the
           Blackest
           of
           that
           Dirt
           ,
           he
           has
           done
           his
           best
           to
           cast
           upon
           the
           Church
           of
           Rome
           ?
           Hitherto
           the
           Reader
           has
           seen
           the
           Doctrin
           of
           the
           Church
           of
           Rome
           and
           of
           England
           ,
           as
           far
           as
           concerns
           the
           Two
           First
           Points
           ,
           viz.
           the
           Historical
           and
           Commemorative
           Use
           of
           Holy
           Images
           ;
           and
           how
           this
           Worthy
           Answerer
           ,
           with
           some
           wrested
           and
           misapply'd
           Passages
           of
           Antiquity
           ,
           strikes
           most
           rashly
           at
           Both
           Churches
           ;
           not
           caring
           ,
           so
           he
           can
           but
           overthrow
           the
           Church
           of
           Rome
           ,
           what
           other
           Church
           ,
           tho'
           his
           own
           ,
           falls
           with
           her
           .
           Now
           we
           will
           consider
           the
           Third
           Point
           ,
           which
           is
           of
           the
           Honor
           and
           Respect
           due
           to
           these
           Images
           of
           Christ
           ,
           &c.
           And
           as
           to
           this
           ,
        
         
           The
           Church
           of
           Rome
           teaches
           ,
           that
           the
           Images
           of
           Christ
           ,
           &c.
           ought
           to
           be
           kept
           ,
           especially
           in
           Churches
           ,
           and
           DUE
           Honor
           and
           Veneration
           given
           them
           :
           Not
           for
           that
           any
           Divinity
           or
           Vertue
           is
           believ'd
           to
           be
           in
           them
           ,
           for
           which
           they
           are
           to
           be
           Worship'd
           ;
           or
           that
           any
           thing
           is
           to
           be
           Asked
           of
           them
           ,
           or
           any
           Confidence
           to
           be
           placed
           in
           them
           ,
           as
           was
           done
           by
           the
           Heathens
           ;
           but
           because
           the
           Honor
           shewn
           to
           them
           is
           referr'd
           to
           the
           Prototypes
           ,
           or
           Things
           Represented
           by
           them
           :
           So
           that
           by
           the
           Images
           
           we
           Kiss
           ,
           and
           before
           which
           we
           Kneel
           ,
           we
           Adore
           Christ
           and
           Reverence
           his
           Saints
           ,
           whom
           the
           said
           Images
           Represent
           .
           So
           the
           Council
           of
           Trent
           delivers
           this
           Doctrin
           ,
           Sess
           .
           25.
           
           The
           like
           is
           shewn
           in
           the
           Catechism
           
             ad
             Parochos
             ,
             ubi
             sup
          
           .
           And
           the
           whole
           meaning
           of
           it
           is
           nothing
           more
           ,
           than
           what
           was
           given
           at
           large
           by
           Leontius
           Bishop
           of
           Cyprus
           ,
           who
           flourish'd
           An.
           620.
           that
           is
           ,
           above
           a
           Thousand
           and
           threescore
           years
           ago
           ;
           who
           thus
           makes
           his
           Apology
           for
           the
           Christians
           against
           the
           Jews
           ,
           who
           charg'd
           them
           with
           the
           breach
           of
           the
           second
           Commandment
           ,
           in
           giving
           honor
           to
           Images
           .
           
             The
             Pictures
             and
             Images
             ,
             says
             he
             ,
             of
             the
             Saints
             are
             not
             ador'd
             amongst
             us
             ,
             like
             Gods.
             For
             if
             I
             Worship'd
             the
             Wood
             of
             an
             Image
             ,
             as
             God
             ,
             I
             might
             as
             well
             do
             the
             like
             to
             any
             other
             Wood
             :
             If
             I
             honor'd
             the
             Wood
             as
             God
             ,
             I
             would
             never
             throw
             it
             into
             the
             fire
             ,
             when
             the
             Image
             is
             once
             disfigur'd
             .
             —
             As
             therefore
             he
             that
             has
             receiv'd
             a
             Commission
             from
             his
             Prince
             ,
             and
             kisses
             the
             Seal
             ,
             dos
             not
             respect
             the
             Wax
             ,
             the
             Paper
             or
             the
             Lead
             ,
             but
             gives
             the
             Honor
             to
             the
             King
             ;
             so
             we
             Christians
             ,
             when
             we
             shew
             Respect
             to
             the
             Figure
             of
             the
             Cross
             ,
             do
             not
             honor
             the
             Nature
             of
             the
             Wood
             ,
             but
             the
             Sign
             ,
             the
             Pledge
             ,
             the
             Remembrance
             of
             Christ
             ;
             through
             this
             beholding
             him
             ,
             who
             was
             Crucified
             on
             it
             ,
             we
             respect
             and
             Adore
             him
             .
             And
             as
             Children
             ,
             full
             of
             a
             dear
             Affection
             to
             their
             Father
             ,
             who
             is
             Absent
             from
             them
             ,
             do
             kiss
             with
             Tears
             ,
             and
             with
             all
             Tenderness
             embrace
             his
             Stick
             ,
             his
             Chair
             ,
             his
             Coat
             ,
             which
             they
             see
             at
             home
             ;
             and
             yet
             do
             not
             adore
             these
             things
             ,
             but
             express
             their
             Desire
             and
             Honor
             they
             have
             for
             their
             Father
             :
             Just
             so
             do
             all
             we
             Faithful
             honor
             the
             Cross
             ,
             
             as
             Christs
             Staff
             ;
             the
             most
             Holy
             Sepulcher
             ,
             as
             his
             Chair
             and
             Couch
             ,
             the
             Manger
             and
             Bethleem
             as
             his
             House
             ,
             &c.
             
             Not
             that
             we
             honor
             the
             Place
             ,
             the
             House
             ,
             the
             Country
             ,
             the
             City
             or
             the
             Stones
             ,
             but
             Him
             that
             was
             Conversant
             amongst
             them
             ,
             who
             appear'd
             in
             our
             Flesh
             ,
             and
             deliver'd
             us
             from
             Error
             ,
             Christ
             our
             Lord
             ;
             and
             for
             Christ
             we
             honor
             those
             Things
             ,
             which
             belong
             to
             him
             ,
             describing
             his
             Passion
             in
             our
             Churches
             ,
             in
             our
             Houses
             ,
             in
             the
             Streets
             ,
             in
             Images
             ,
             upon
             our
             Linen
             ,
             in
             our
             Chambers
             ,
             upon
             our
             Cloths
             ,
             and
             upon
             every
             Place
             ,
             to
             the
             end
             that
             having
             these
             continually
             before
             our
             Eyes
             ,
             we
             may
             be
             put
             in
             mind
             ,
             and
             not
             like
             thee
             (
             O
             Jew
             )
             forget
             our
             Lord
             and
             God.
             As
             you
             therefore
             expressing
             a
             veneration
             for
             the
             Book
             of
             the
             Law
             ,
             do
             not
             Honor
             the
             Paper
             or
             Ink
             of
             which
             't
             is
             compos'd
             ,
             but
             the
             Word
             of
             God
             contain'd
             in
             it
             :
             So
             I
             ,
             shewing
             Reverence
             to
             the
             Image
             of
             Christ
             ,
             do
             not
             Adore
             (
             no
             ,
             God
             forbid
             )
             the
             Wood
             or
             the
             Colors
             ;
             but
             having
             an
             Inanimate
             Representation
             of
             Christ
             ,
             by
             this
             seem
             to
             be
             possess'd
             of
             ,
             and
             to
             Worship
             Christ
             himself
             .
             As
             Jacob
             having
             receiv'd
             the
             party-color'd
             and
             Bloody
             Coat
             of
             his
             Son
             Joseph
             ,
             kiss'd
             it
             ,
             full
             of
             Tears
             ,
             and
             put
             it
             to
             his
             Eyes
             ;
             not
             doing
             this
             for
             any
             Love
             or
             Honor
             he
             had
             for
             the
             Coat
             ;
             but
             by
             this
             seeming
             to
             kiss
             Joseph
             ,
             and
             hold
             him
             in
             his
             Arms
             :
             So
             all
             Christians
             ,
             holding
             or
             kissing
             any
             Image
             of
             Christ
             ,
             of
             his
             Apostles
             or
             Martyrs
             ,
             do
             the
             like
             to
             Christ
             himself
             ,
             or
             his
             Martyrs
             ,
             in
             the
             affection
             of
             their
             Souls
             .
          
           By
           all
           which
           't
           is
           evident
           ,
           that
           all
           the
           Honor
           and
           Veneration
           paid
           by
           Catholics
           to
           any
           Picture
           or
           Image
           of
           Christ
           or
           his
           Martyrs
           ,
           is
           only
           to
           express
           the
           
           Love
           and
           Honor
           they
           have
           for
           Christ
           and
           his
           Martyrs
           ;
           and
           that
           in
           thus
           doing
           ,
           they
           no
           more
           commit
           Idolatry
           ,
           or
           make
           Gods
           of
           those
           Pictures
           ,
           than
           that
           Woman
           is
           disloyal
           to
           her
           Husband
           ,
           who
           in
           affection
           to
           him
           ,
           respects
           and
           kisses
           his
           Picture
           ;
           than
           that
           Subject
           is
           a
           Traytor
           to
           his
           Prince
           ,
           who
           Honors
           his
           Portraiture
           ;
           or
           than
           all
           those
           ,
           who
           pay
           a
           Reverence
           to
           the
           
             Chair
             of
             State
          
           ,
           for
           the
           Relation
           it
           has
           to
           the
           King
           ,
           make
           a
           King
           of
           the
           Chair
           ,
           in
           so
           doing
           .
           This
           then
           is
           the
           Doctrin
           and
           Practice
           of
           the
           Church
           of
           Rome
           .
        
         
           The
           Church
           of
           England
           seems
           to
           concur
           with
           the
           Church
           of
           Rome
           in
           all
           this
           Point
           .
           This
           may
           be
           gather'd
           partly
           out
           of
           the
           Ecclesiastical
           Canons
           agreed
           to
           An.
           1603.
           in
           the
           First
           year
           of
           King
           James
           I.
           where
           Can.
           30.
           't
           is
           said
           ,
           That
           
             the
             Holy
             Ghost
             did
             so
             Honor
             by
             the
             mouths
             of
             the
             Apostles
             ,
             the
             very
             NAME
             of
             the
             Cross
             ,
             that
             it
             did
             not
             only
             comprehend
             even
             Christ
             Crucified
             under
             that
             Name
             ,
             but
             likewise
             the
             efficacy
             of
             Christ's
             Death
             and
             Passion
             ,
          
           &c.
           
           In
           which
           words
           this
           Church
           acknowledges
           ,
           the
           Giving
           Honor
           to
           the
           NAME
           of
           the
           Cross
           to
           have
           been
           the
           Practice
           of
           the
           Apostles
           ,
           as
           they
           were
           inspir'd
           by
           the
           
             Holy
             Ghost
          
           .
           And
           that
           the
           Name
           of
           the
           Cross
           ,
           was
           not
           only
           to
           put
           them
           in
           mind
           of
           the
           Person
           ,
           whom
           they
           were
           to
           Worship
           (
           as
           a
           Modern
           Doctor
           says
           of
           the
           Name
           of
           
             Jesus
             ,
          
           )
           but
           that
           the
           Holy
           Ghost
           did
           by
           the
           Apostles
           ,
           Honor
           the
           very
           NAME
           it self
           .
           
             Spiritus
             S.
             per
             Apostolorum
             ora
             ,
             ipsum
             Crucis
             Nomen
             usque
             adeo
             honoravit
             .
          
           And
           in
           honoring
           that
           Name
           ,
           did
           honor
           Christ
           Crucified
           ;
           
             Christum
             ipsum
             Crucifixum
             sub
             eodem
             comprehenderet
             .
          
           Which
           is
           the
           very
           Practice
           
           and
           Sense
           of
           Catholics
           ,
           both
           as
           to
           the
           Name
           of
           the
           Cross
           ,
           of
           Jesus
           ,
           and
           of
           
             Pictures
             ;
             Names
          
           or
           Words
           being
           Pictures
           to
           the
           Ear
           ,
           as
           Pictures
           are
           Words
           to
           the
           Eye
           .
        
         
           But
           it
           comes
           nearer
           our
           Case
           ,
           what
           is
           added
           in
           the
           same
           Canone
           2
           
           o.
           
             Honor
             ac
             Dignitas
             Crucis
             Nomini
             acquisita
             ,
             etiam
             &
             SIGNO
             Crucis
             ,
             vel
             ipsa
             Apostolorum
             aetate
             (
             neque
             enim
             contrarium
             ostendi
             potest
             )
             existimationem
             peperit
             Honorificam
             .
             The
             Honor
             and
             Esteem
             shewn
             to
             the
             NAME
             of
             the
             CROSS
             ,
             did
             produce
             even
             in
             the
             Age
             of
             the
             Apostles
             ,
             an
             honorable
             Esteem
             likewise
             for
             the
             SIGN
             of
             the
             Cross
             ;
             neither
             can
             any
             thing
             contrary
             to
             this
             be
             prov'd
             .
          
           What
           can
           be
           plainer
           ,
           than
           that
           according
           to
           this
           Canon
           ,
           't
           is
           the
           Sense
           of
           the
           Church
           of
           England
           ,
           that
           the
           Primitive
           Christians
           were
           taught
           by
           the
           Apostles
           ,
           not
           only
           to
           Honor
           the
           Name
           of
           the
           Cross
           ,
           but
           likewise
           the
           SIGN
           of
           the
           Cross
           ?
           And
           certainly
           ,
           if
           according
           to
           
             this
             Church
          
           ,
           the
           Apostles
           taught
           their
           Followers
           ,
           to
           honor
           in
           their
           Hearts
           and
           Souls
           the
           Sign
           of
           the
           Cross
           ,
           it
           can
           neither
           be
           contrary
           to
           the
           Apostles
           ,
           nor
           this
           Church
           ,
           to
           do
           so
           now
           ,
           and
           to
           express
           this
           
             Honor
             outwardly
          
           ,
           which
           they
           are
           thus
           taught
           to
           conceive
           inwardly
           ,
           and
           entertain
           in
           their
           hearts
           .
           'T
           is
           an
           Absurdity
           sure
           too
           great
           ,
           to
           fall
           upon
           the
           Church
           of
           England
           ,
           thus
           absolutely
           to
           approve
           the
           Affection
           of
           Honor
           and
           Esteem
           towards
           the
           Sign
           of
           the
           Cross
           in
           Christians
           Hearts
           ,
           as
           both
           a
           Christian
           Duty
           and
           an
           Apostolical
           Doctrin
           ;
           and
           then
           afterwards
           ,
           to
           condemn
           the
           same
           Honor
           and
           Affection
           of
           the
           Soul
           ,
           as
           Idolatry
           and
           Superstition
           ,
           when
           't
           is
           express'd
           Outwardly
           ,
           either
           in
           Words
           or
           Gesture
           :
           For
           how
           is
           it
           possible
           ,
           that
           
           what
           is
           Apostolical
           in
           the
           Heart
           ,
           should
           ,
           by
           being
           express'd
           outwardly
           ,
           become
           Idolatrous
           ?
        
         
           This
           Doctrin
           is
           deliver'd
           more
           expresly
           by
           Mr.
           Montague
           ,
           who
           in
           his
           Book
           call'd
           a
           
             New
             Gag
          
           ,
           thus
           declares
           the
           Express
           Tenet
           of
           Catholics
           and
           of
           his
           own
           Church
           ,
           p.
           318.
           
           
             You
             say
             the
             Pictures
             of
             Christ
             ,
             the
             Blessed
             Virgin
             and
             Saints
             ,
             must
             not
             have
             Latria
             ;
             So
             We.
             You
             give
             them
             Dulia
             ;
             I
             quarrel
             not
             the
             Term
             ,
             tho'
             I
             could
             .
             There
             is
             a
             Respect
             due
             unto
             ,
             and
             Honor
             given
             Relatively
             to
             them
             .
             If
             this
             you
             call
             Dulia
             ,
             We
             give
             it
             too
             .
             Let
             Practice
             and
             Doctrin
             go
             together
             ,
             We
             agree
             .
          
           Nay
           he
           shews
           farther
           ,
           't
           is
           impossible
           to
           keep
           or
           set
           up
           the
           Pictures
           of
           Christ
           or
           his
           Saints
           ,
           without
           having
           a
           REVERENCE
           and
           HONOR
           for
           them
           ,
           in
           
             due
             kind
          
           .
           Hear
           him
           in
           his
           own
           words
           ,
           in
           his
           
             Appeal
             to
             Caesar
          
           ,
           c.
           21.
           
        
         
           
             But
             it
             has
             distasted
             some
          
           (
           says
           he
           )
           
             that
             RESPECT
             and
             HONOR
             should
             be
             given
             unto
             them
          
           (
           Images
           of
           Christ
           .
           )
           
             Strange
             it
             should
             displease
             any
             ,
             that
             can
             approve
             of
             any
             ,
             be
             it
             but
             a
             Civil
             use
             of
             them
             .
             I
             cannot
             tell
             ;
             unless
             Men
             would
             ins●●ntly
             have
             them
             pull'd
             down
             in
             all
             places
             ,
             demolish'd
             ,
             stamp'd
             to
             powder
             ,
             whosesoever
             ,
             whatsoever
             ,
             wheresoever
             .
             The
             setting
             of
             them
             up
             ,
             suffering
             them
             to
             stand
             ,
             using
             them
             for
             Ornaments
             ,
             for
             helps
             of
             Memory
             ,
             of
             Affection
             ,
             of
             Rememoration
             ,
             cannot
             be
             abstracted
             ,
             to
             my
             Vnderstanding
             ,
             from
             Reverence
             and
             Honor
             Simply
             ,
             in
             due
             kind
             .
             Can
             a
             Man
             have
             the
             True
             Representation
             of
             his
             Prince
             ,
             Parents
             ,
             Patrons
             ,
          
           &c.
           
             without
             Awe
             ,
             Respect
             ,
             Regard
             ,
             Love
             ,
             Reverence
             ,
             moved
             by
             Aspect
             ,
             and
             wrought
             in
             him
             ?
             I
             profess
             my
             Imperfection
             ,
             or
             what
             they
             will
             call
             it
             ,
             it
             is
             so
             with
             me
             .
             Unco
             impacto
             in
             Latrinas
             ,
          
           
           
             in
             Gemonias
             ,
             in
             malam
             Crucem
             ,
             the
             Pictures
             ,
             Statues
             ,
             Paintings
             ,
             Representations
             ,
             of
             Christ
             ,
             the
             Virgin
             ,
             Apostles
             ,
             Martyrs
             ,
             Holy
             Men
             and
             Women
             ;
             unless
             the
             very
             having
             and
             preserving
             of
             them
             ,
             do
             in
             some
             sort
             imply
             RESPECT
             ,
             REGARD
             and
             HONOR
             done
             unto
             them
             ,
             without
             offence
             justly
             given
             ,
             without
             Scandal
             ,
             or
             Inclination
             to
             Impiety
             .
          
           Then
           he
           urges
           the
           Truth
           of
           this
           Doctrin
           with
           the
           words
           of
           
             Junius
             .
             Junius
          
           ,
           says
           he
           ,
           
             was
             no
             Papist
             ;
             not
             in
             your
             opinion
             ,
             I
             hope
             .
             He
             in
             his
             Animadversions
             upon
          
           Bellarmin
           
             de
             Imaginibus
          
           ,
           says
           ,
           
             Hoc
             nemo
             NOSTRVM
             dicit
             ,
             non
             esse
             COLENDAS
             ,
             nec
             ullo
             modo
             .
             Suo
             modo
             COLI
             probamus
             ,
             velut
             Imagines
             ;
             at
             non
             religioso
             cultu
             ,
             qui
             aut
             superstitiosus
             est
             ,
             aut
             impius
             ;
             nec
             cùm
             aliorum
             scandalo
             ,
             sive
             Cultus
             separatus
             sive
             conjunctus
             cum
             eorum
             Cultu
             intelligatur
             ,
             quorum
             sunt
             Imagines
             .
             None
             of
             us
             say
             ,
             that
             Images
             are
             no
             ways
             to
             be
             worship'd
             .
             We
             prove
             that
             they
             are
             to
             be
             worship'd
             in
             a
             way
             peculiar
             to
             them
             ,
             as
             Images
             ,
             but
             not
             with
             a
             Religious
             Worship
             ,
             which
             is
             either
             Superstitious
             or
             Impious
             :
             Neither
             to
             the
             scandal
             of
             others
             ,
             whether
             the
             Worship
             be
             understood
             the
             same
             ,
             or
             different
             from
             that
             which
             is
             given
             to
             the
             things
             Represented
             by
             them
             .
          
        
         
           Thus
           this
           Learned
           Man
           delivers
           and
           defends
           the
           Doctrin
           of
           his
           Church
           in
           relation
           to
           the
           Images
           of
           Christ
           and
           his
           Saints
           ,
           against
           the
           Arguments
           of
           some
           Informers
           ,
           which
           he
           thinks
           to
           be
           no
           other
           than
           Puritans
           ,
           and
           at
           best
           ,
           some
           
             FVRIOVS
             ONES
          
           of
           his
           own
           Church
           ,
           or
           
             SINGVLAR
             ILLUMINATES
          
           ,
           as
           he
           terms
           them
           ,
           
             ib.
             c.
          
           20.
           
           And
           now
           what
           great
           difference
           here
           in
           this
           Point
           between
           the
           Two
           Churches
           ?
           The
           Council
           of
           Trent
           
           says
           ,
           that
           
             Images
             of
             CHRIST
          
           ,
           &c.
           
             ought
             to
             be
             set
             up
             in
             Churches
             ,
             and
             DVE
             HONOR
             and
             VENERATION
             given
             them
             .
          
           The
           Church
           of
           England
           (
           by
           Mr.
           Montague
           )
           says
           ,
           that
           
             the
             Images
             of
             Christ
             ,
             the
             Blessed
             Virgin
          
           Mary
           
             and
             Saints
             ,
             may
             be
             set
             up
             in
             Churches
             ;
             RESPECT
             and
             HONOR
             may
             be
             given
             them
             in
             Due
             kind
             ;
             The
             using
             them
             for
             helps
             of
             Memory
             ,
             of
             Affection
             ,
             of
             Rememoration
             cannot
             be
             abstracted
             from
             REVERENCE
             and
             HONOR
             simply
             ,
             in
             DVE
             kind
             .
          
           The
           Catechism
           
             ad
             Parochos
          
           says
           ,
           These
           Images
           are
           set
           up
           in
           Churches
           ,
           
             ut
             Colantur
          
           ,
           that
           they
           may
           be
           Honor'd
           or
           Worship'd
           ;
           that
           is
           ,
           in
           
             due
             kind
          
           .
           The
           Protestants
           say
           (
           by
           
             Junius
             )
             None
             of
             us
             deny
             ,
             but
             they
             may
             be
             Honor'd
             or
             Worship'd
             in
             their
             kind
             :
          
           Nay
           more
           ,
           
             We
             prove
             ,
             They
             are
             to
             be
             Worship'd
             in
             some
             manner
             ,
          
           that
           is
           ,
           
             as
             Images
          
           .
           Both
           Churches
           then
           agree
           ,
           that
           
             Sacred
             Images
          
           may
           be
           set
           up
           in
           Churches
           ;
           that
           a
           
             Respect
             ,
             Honor
          
           and
           Reverence
           is
           due
           to
           them
           ,
           in
           their
           kind
           ;
           and
           both
           concur
           in
           terming
           this
           Honor
           or
           
             Reverence
             ,
             Cultus
          
           or
           
             Worship
             ,
             i.
             e.
          
           in
           it's
           kind
           ,
           
             Suo
             modo
             .
             Junius
          
           expressing
           it
           due
           ,
           
             velut
             Imagines
          
           ,
           as
           they
           are
           Images
           ,
           The
           Council
           of
           Trent
           ,
           because
           they
           
             Represent
             Christ
          
           ,
           &c.
           which
           is
           upon
           the
           very
           same
           reason
           and
           ground
           .
        
         
           Besides
           this
           ,
           't
           is
           agreed
           by
           both
           Churches
           ,
           that
           this
           Reverence
           shewn
           to
           these
           things
           ,
           is
           founded
           purely
           upon
           the
           Relation
           they
           have
           to
           God
           ,
           and
           is
           terminated
           finally
           upon
           him
           .
           This
           as
           to
           the
           Church
           of
           Rome
           ,
           appears
           from
           what
           is
           already
           quoted
           out
           of
           the
           Council
           of
           Trent
           :
           And
           as
           to
           the
           Church
           of
           England
           ,
           from
           the
           words
           of
           
           Montagu
           above
           mention'd
           .
           And
           from
           Bishop
           Jewel
           ,
           who
           (
           in
           
             Rep.
             ag
             .
             Hard.
          
           )
           says
           ;
           
             We
             Worship
             the
             Sacrament
             ,
             the
             Word
             of
             God
             ,
             we
             Worship
             all
             other
             things
             in
             such
             Religious
             wise
             to
             Christ
             belonging
             .
          
           And
           then
           afterwards
           giving
           the
           Reason
           :
           
             The
             Sacraments
             be
             Ador'd
          
           (
           says
           ▪
           he
           )
           
             but
             the
             whole
             Honor
             resteth
             not
             in
             them
             ,
             but
             is
             passed
             over
             from
             them
             to
             the
             things
             Signified
             .
          
           Which
           is
           the
           very
           
             Relative
             Honor
          
           mention'd
           so
           often
           by
           Catholic
           Divines
           .
           And
           this
           Divinity
           is
           found
           likewise
           in
           some
           
             Modorn
             Church-Men
          
           ,
           as
           Dr.
           Stillingfleet
           ,
           who
           (
           in
           his
           
             Def.
             ag
             .
             T.
             G.
             pa.
          
           600.
           )
           says
           ,
           that
           
             Altho'
             no
             Irrational
             or
             Inanimate
             Being
             be
             capable
             of
             that
             real
             Excellency
             ,
             to
             deserve
             any
             Honor
             from
             us
             for
             it
             's
             own
             sake
             ;
             yet
             such
             things
             may
             have
             a
             Relation
             to
             matters
             of
             so
             High
             a
             Nature
             ,
             as
             to
             deserve
             a
             different
             Vsage
             and
             Regard
             from
             other
             things
             :
          
           And
           this
           afterwards
           he
           terms
           a
           Reverence
           ,
           and
           ,
           
             if
             I
             may
             so
             call
             it
             ,
             a
             Religious
             Respect
             to
             Sacred
             Places
             and
             Things
             .
          
           In
           which
           words
           ,
           tho'
           there
           's
           some
           Mincing
           it
           ;
           yet
           it
           delivers
           in
           some
           manner
           the
           whole
           Doctrin
           of
           Catholics
           .
        
         
           The
           two
           Churches
           thus
           agreeing
           in
           the
           lawfulness
           of
           placing
           Images
           in
           Churches
           ,
           and
           that
           an
           Honor
           ,
           or
           Reverence
           ,
           or
           even
           Worship
           in
           it's
           kind
           ,
           is
           necessarily
           due
           to
           them
           ,
           as
           they
           serve
           for
           helps
           to
           Piety
           ;
           of
           Affection
           or
           Rememoration
           ,
           and
           have
           Relation
           to
           God.
           The
           Answerer
           of
           these
           leaves
           of
           
             Nubes
             Testium
          
           ,
           lets
           fly
           at
           all
           this
           ,
           like
           one
           of
           
             Montagu's
             FVRIOVS
             ONES
          
           ,
           or
           
             SINGVLAR
             ILLVMINATES
          
           .
           He
           runs
           it
           down
           ,
           under
           the
           Name
           of
           IMAGE-WORSHIP
           ;
           and
           is
           sure
           ,
           with
           this
           very
           Word
           alone
           ,
           so
           far
           to
           prevail
           
           upon
           the
           Ignorant
           and
           Vulgar
           at
           least
           (
           with
           whom
           ,
           by
           his
           loose
           arguing
           ,
           he
           seems
           chiefly
           concern'd
           )
           as
           to
           gain
           their
           Votes
           ,
           in
           crying
           down
           the
           Papists
           for
           Idolaters
           ;
           and
           then
           his
           Business
           is
           done
           .
           Upon
           this
           strain
           he
           runs
           to
           the
           end
           of
           his
           Pamphlet
           ,
           proving
           that
           Image-Worship
           is
           contrary
           to
           Fathers
           ,
           to
           Antiquity
           ,
           to
           Councils
           ;
           
             Image-Worship
             ,
             Image-Worship
          
           ,
           is
           all
           the
           Cant
           :
           But
           never
           tells
           ,
           what
           this
           Image-Worship
           is
           ;
           and
           never
           reflects
           ,
           that
           his
           
             own
             Church
          
           is
           for
           an
           Image-Worship
           too
           .
        
         
           Thus
           unhappily
           in
           the
           midst
           of
           Dust
           and
           Noise
           he
           manages
           the
           Controversie
           with
           the
           Papists
           ,
           without
           ever
           
             Stating
             the
             Question
          
           ,
           or
           declaring
           what
           the
           Papists
           hold
           ,
           unbecoming
           a
           Scholar
           ;
           and
           multiplying
           many
           Needless
           Contentions
           ,
           unbecoming
           a
           Christian
           .
        
         
           If
           he
           had
           examin'd
           the
           Doctrin
           of
           his
           
             own
             Church
          
           ,
           and
           understood
           what
           Catholics
           teach
           ,
           he
           would
           have
           soon
           discover'd
           the
           vanity
           of
           this
           Engagement
           ;
           and
           found
           ,
           that
           after
           so
           much
           bustle
           upon
           this
           matter
           ,
           there
           's
           but
           little
           more
           in
           't
           ,
           besides
           Fighting
           about
           Names
           and
           Words
           ;
           and
           that
           however
           tolerable
           this
           may
           be
           in
           a
           School
           for
           a
           Logic
           Dispute
           ,
           't
           is
           unworthy
           of
           a
           Divine
           ,
           who
           pretends
           to
           be
           a
           Preacher
           of
           the
           Gospel
           of
           Peace
           .
        
         
           'T
           is
           already
           here
           made
           out
           to
           any
           unprejudic'd
           Considerer
           ,
           that
           ,
           according
           to
           the
           Doctrin
           of
           Protestants
           ,
           especially
           those
           of
           the
           Church
           of
           England
           ,
           't
           is
           impossible
           to
           separate
           even
           the
           Historical
           Use
           of
           
             Holy
             Images
          
           ,
           from
           a
           Respect
           and
           Reverence
           which
           necessarily
           follows
           them
           :
           Much
           less
           can
           they
           serve
           as
           
             Helps
             to
             Piety
          
           ,
           for
           the
           
             exciting
             Devotion
          
           ,
           and
           
           bringing
           
             to
             mind
             the
             Persons
             Represented
          
           ,
           but
           they
           force
           from
           the
           beholders
           an
           Interior
           Love
           and
           Honor
           ;
           so
           that
           ,
           as
           't
           is
           impossible
           ,
           for
           a
           
             Good
             Subject
          
           to
           have
           by
           him
           the
           Picture
           of
           his
           Prince
           and
           of
           a
           Traytor
           ,
           without
           being
           differently
           affected
           in
           his
           Soul
           towards
           them
           ,
           even
           in
           the
           very
           same
           manner
           ,
           as
           he
           is
           to
           the
           Persons
           they
           Represent
           .
           So
           neither
           can
           a
           Faithful
           and
           
             Good
             Christian
          
           ,
           behold
           the
           Pictures
           or
           other
           Representations
           of
           Christ
           ,
           of
           Judas
           ,
           of
           Mahomet
           ,
           but
           his
           Soul
           will
           be
           differently
           mov'd
           towards
           them
           with
           
             Love
             ,
             Respect
             ,
             Honor
             ,
             Veneration
             ,
          
           on
           the
           one
           side
           ;
           with
           Indignation
           and
           Contempt
           on
           the
           other
           ,
           as
           he
           finds
           himself
           affected
           to
           the
           Persons
           Represented
           by
           them
           .
           Thus
           far
           is
           acknowledg'd
           by
           Protestants
           ,
           and
           may
           be
           gather'd
           from
           what
           is
           above
           cited
           out
           of
           Montagu
           and
           
             Junius
             .
             Catholics
          
           say
           the
           same
           ,
           and
           so
           cannot
           be
           censur'd
           or
           condemn'd
           for
           this
           .
           What
           then
           is
           their
           Crime
           ?
           The
           Charge
           urg'd
           against
           them
           is
           ,
           that
           they
           shew
           this
           same
           Honor
           and
           Veneration
           outwardly
           to
           these
           Holy
           Images
           of
           Christ
           ,
           the
           Apostles
           ,
           &c.
           
           They
           kiss
           them
           ,
           
             pull
             off
             their
             Hats
          
           ,
           they
           Bow
           ,
           they
           
             Kneel
             ,
             Burn
             Tapers
             ,
             Incense
             ,
          
           and
           Pray
           before
           them
           :
           This
           is
           the
           Crime
           ,
           this
           the
           Image-Worship
           and
           Idolatry
           of
           the
           Catholics
           .
        
         
           And
           here
           ,
           in
           their
           behalf
           ,
           and
           to
           bring
           this
           Voluminous
           Controversie
           into
           a
           Narrower
           Compass
           ,
           I
           must
           ask
           of
           the
           Answerer
           ;
           If
           it
           be
           lawful
           for
           Protestants
           and
           Catholics
           to
           have
           an
           
             INTERIOR
             Respect
             ,
             Honor
          
           and
           Reverence
           for
           Holy
           Images
           ,
           as
           appears
           evidently
           confess'd
           above
           ;
           how
           comes
           it
           to
           be
           so
           Vnlawful
           and
           Abominable
           for
           Catholics
           to
           signifie
           and
           express
           outwardly
           this
           same
           Respect
           ,
           
           Honor
           and
           Reverence
           ,
           which
           is
           so
           Commendable
           for
           all
           Christians
           ,
           both
           Catholics
           and
           Protestants
           ,
           to
           have
           Inwardly
           in
           their
           Souls
           ?
           Certainly
           ,
           That
           Honor
           and
           Reverence
           ,
           which
           in
           the
           Heart
           is
           Christian
           ,
           cannot
           but
           be
           Christian
           in
           the
           Expression
           :
           And
           't
           is
           very
           absur'd
           ,
           to
           think
           a
           Duty
           can
           become
           Idolatry
           by
           professing
           it
           .
           If
           a
           Christian
           has
           a
           greater
           Reverence
           in
           his
           Soul
           ,
           for
           the
           Book
           of
           the
           
             Holy
             Scriptures
          
           ,
           than
           for
           any
           other
           Book
           whatsoever
           ,
           may
           not
           he
           lawfully
           express
           this
           Reverence
           by
           Kissing
           it
           ?
           If
           the
           Woman
           in
           the
           Gospel
           ,
           respects
           and
           Honors
           in
           her
           Heart
           the
           Hem
           of
           our
           Saviours
           Garment
           ;
           is
           the
           Kissing
           that
           Hem
           ,
           any
           more
           Idolatry
           ,
           than
           was
           that
           Affection
           and
           Reverence
           she
           had
           in
           her
           Soul
           towards
           it
           ?
           If
           a
           Christian
           has
           a
           Respect
           and
           Reverence
           even
           for
           the
           
             House
             of
             God
          
           ,
           or
           Church
           ,
           above
           other
           Houses
           ,
           that
           are
           not
           Dedicated
           to
           his
           Service
           ;
           may
           not
           he
           shew
           this
           Respect
           ,
           by
           
             Vncovering
             his
             Head
          
           ?
           If
           a
           Christian
           Honors
           the
           Communion-Table
           above
           other
           Prophane
           Tables
           ;
           may
           not
           this
           Honor
           be
           exteriourly
           profess'd
           ,
           by
           setting
           Candles
           on
           it
           ,
           and
           Plate
           ,
           and
           adorning
           it
           with
           Hangings
           ,
           and
           then
           
             Bowing
             to
             it
          
           ,
           without
           a
           Crime
           ?
        
         
           If
           a
           Christian
           Reverences
           and
           Honors
           in
           his
           Heart
           the
           NAME
           of
           Jesus
           ,
           or
           of
           the
           Cross
           ,
           as
           the
           Church
           of
           England
           says
           the
           Apostles
           did
           ;
           can
           it
           be
           Idolatry
           outwardly
           to
           profess
           this
           
             same
             Honor
          
           ,
           by
           Bowing
           or
           
             Bending
             the
             Knee
          
           ?
           And
           if
           he
           Respects
           the
           Sacrament
           ,
           may
           not
           he
           shew
           this
           exteriorly
           ,
           by
           receiving
           it
           Kneeling
           ?
           And
           if
           these
           Exterior
           Professions
           and
           Acknowledgments
           of
           the
           
             Interior
             Respect
             ,
             Honor
             and
             Reverence
          
           that
           is
           due
           to
           these
           
           things
           ,
           may
           be
           thus
           commendably
           shewn
           ,
           by
           
             Kissing
             ,
             Vncovering
             the
             Head
          
           ,
           by
           
             Tapers
             ,
             Ornaments
             ,
             Bowing
          
           and
           Kneeling
           ,
           without
           any
           Abomination
           in
           the
           sight
           of
           God
           ,
           or
           just
           Scandal
           to
           our
           Neighbor
           ;
           why
           may
           not
           the
           like
           
             Interior
             Respect
          
           and
           Honor
           ,
           acknowledg'd
           due
           to
           Holy
           Representations
           of
           Christ
           or
           his
           Saints
           ,
           be
           profess'd
           outwardly
           by
           the
           same
           Visible
           Expressions
           of
           Respect
           and
           Reverence
           :
           Especially
           since
           what
           is
           done
           to
           all
           these
           things
           ,
           is
           upon
           no
           other
           account
           ,
           than
           the
           Relation
           they
           have
           to
           God
           ,
           and
           as
           appertaining
           to
           him
           and
           his
           Service
           ?
        
         
           Neither
           let
           the
           Answerer
           think
           to
           take
           Sanctuary
           ,
           in
           calling
           this
           Veneration
           shewn
           to
           Pictures
           and
           Images
           of
           Christ
           ,
           a
           Worship
           ,
           as
           an
           Image-Worship
           :
           For
           however
           this
           may
           work
           upon
           the
           Mobile
           and
           Unthinking
           Crowds
           ,
           and
           fill
           their
           heads
           with
           a
           Notion
           of
           Idolatry
           ;
           yet
           every
           Man
           of
           Sense
           and
           unbiass'd
           Judgment
           knows
           ,
           that
           this
           word
           Worship
           is
           equivocal
           ,
           and
           that
           't
           is
           not
           every
           thing
           is
           presently
           made
           an
           Idol
           of
           ,
           which
           is
           any
           ways
           said
           to
           be
           Worship'd
           :
           As
           is
           shewn
           at
           large
           in
           
             The
             Pap.
             Misrep
          
           .
           2.
           
           
             Part.
             c.
          
           5
           ,
           6.
           
           For
           't
           is
           not
           only
           the
           Honor
           ,
           which
           Catholics
           shew
           to
           Holy
           Images
           ,
           is
           call'd
           a
           Worship
           ;
           but
           likewise
           that
           is
           a
           Worship
           ,
           which
           Protestants
           give
           ;
           as
           is
           own'd
           by
           Junius
           above
           ;
           so
           that
           in
           this
           Sense
           Protestants
           may
           be
           said
           and
           prov'd
           to
           be
           Image-Worshipers
           too
           .
           The
           Reverence
           likewise
           shew'd
           by
           
             Protestants
             to
          
           the
           Sacrament
           ,
           is
           call'd
           by
           
             Jewel
             (
             Rep.
             to
             Hard.
          
           )
           a
           Worship
           :
           The
           Honor
           given
           to
           the
           Bible
           he
           stiles
           a
           Worship
           .
           In
           the
           same
           way
           of
           speaking
           ,
           the
           Respect
           to
           the
           Communion-Table
           may
           be
           term'd
           a
           
             Worship
             ;
             Bowing
          
           
           in
           Reverence
           to
           the
           Name
           of
           Jesus
           may
           be
           styl'd
           a
           Worship
           .
           And
           in
           this
           Sense
           ,
           't
           will
           not
           only
           be
           laid
           to
           the
           Church
           of
           
           England's
           charge
           ,
           that
           she
           teaches
           and
           approves
           Image-Worship
           ;
           but
           likewise
           
             Bread
             Worship
             ,
             Book-Worship
             ,
             Table-Worship
             ,
          
           and
           Name-Worship
           :
           And
           't
           will
           not
           be
           very
           difficult
           ,
           by
           the
           equivocation
           of
           this
           word
           ,
           and
           the
           help
           of
           a
           little
           Pulpit-Sophistry
           ,
           to
           paint
           out
           This
           Church
           as
           Black
           with
           Idolatry
           and
           Superstition
           ,
           to
           the
           People
           ,
           as
           she
           has
           done
           the
           Church
           of
           Rome
           .
        
         
           And
           it
           do's
           not
           at
           all
           reflect
           upon
           the
           Church
           of
           Rome
           ,
           or
           her
           Doctrin
           ,
           that
           some
           of
           her
           Divines
           call
           this
           Respect
           ,
           Honor
           ,
           Veneration
           or
           Worship
           paid
           to
           Holy
           Images
           a
           Religious
           Respect
           ,
           or
           Honor
           ,
           &c.
           
           For
           this
           is
           only
           a
           Dispute
           about
           a
           Word
           ;
           and
           let
           it
           be
           call'd
           by
           what
           Name
           they
           please
           ,
           whether
           
             Honorary
             ,
             Religious
          
           ,
           or
           Divine
           ,
           this
           alters
           not
           the
           Nature
           of
           the
           thing
           ;
           for
           't
           is
           but
           the
           same
           thing
           ,
           by
           whatsoever
           Name
           it
           be
           express'd
           .
           If
           some
           will
           have
           every
           Respect
           or
           Veneration
           ,
           shewn
           to
           Holy
           Things
           ,
           as
           to
           the
           Bible
           ,
           the
           Sacrament
           ,
           the
           Name
           of
           Jesus
           ,
           for
           the
           Relation
           they
           have
           to
           God
           ,
           to
           be
           call'd
           a
           
             Religious
             Worship
          
           ,
           let
           'em
           call
           it
           so
           in
           God's
           Name
           .
           And
           if
           others
           will
           have
           no
           Veneration
           or
           Worship
           to
           be
           Religious
           ,
           but
           that
           which
           is
           directly
           and
           immediatly
           given
           to
           God
           ;
           let
           'em
           have
           their
           way
           .
           These
           are
           fine
           Notions
           ,
           and
           pretty
           Entertainments
           for
           School-debates
           ;
           but
           are
           no
           concern
           of
           our
           Religion
           or
           Conscience
           .
           For
           as
           long
           as
           't
           is
           own'd
           ,
           that
           there
           's
           a
           Respect
           and
           Reverence
           due
           to
           such
           Holy
           things
           ,
           as
           in
           some
           particular
           manner
           have
           relalation
           
           to
           God
           and
           his
           Service
           ,
           and
           we
           only
           express
           this
           Respect
           outwardly
           ,
           which
           interiorly
           we
           feel
           in
           our
           Souls
           ;
           let
           this
           be
           call'd
           an
           Honor
           ,
           a
           Worship
           ,
           an
           Adoring
           ;
           let
           it
           be
           said
           to
           be
           
             Honorary
             ,
             Religious
          
           or
           Divine
           ;
           let
           it
           be
           deem'd
           Absolute
           or
           Relative
           ,
           't
           is
           equally
           alike
           to
           us
           ;
           since
           we
           are
           satisfied
           ,
           the
           wrangling
           of
           the
           Learned
           about
           Names
           and
           Words
           ,
           has
           no
           influence
           upon
           the
           Acts
           of
           our
           Souls
           ;
           and
           cannot
           make
           that
           to
           be
           Idolatrous
           ,
           which
           in
           it self
           is
           not
           so
           .
        
         
           Here
           then
           may
           the
           Reader
           see
           ,
           how
           stands
           this
           Controversie
           between
           Catholics
           and
           the
           Church
           of
           
             England
             Protestants
          
           .
           Both
           Churches
           acknowledge
           ,
           that
           there
           's
           an
           Honor
           ,
           and
           Reverence
           that
           may
           be
           lawfully
           given
           to
           the
           Holy
           Images
           and
           Pictures
           of
           Christ
           .
           Both
           Churches
           express
           this
           Honor
           outwardly
           :
           Protestants
           ,
           by
           using
           them
           in
           their
           Churches
           and
           Prayer-books
           ,
           which
           (
           as
           Montagu
           says
           )
           cannot
           be
           abstracted
           from
           giving
           them
           Honor
           and
           Reverence
           .
           While
           Catholics
           go
           farther
           ,
           and
           say
           ,
           that
           't
           is
           lawful
           to
           express
           this
           Honor
           and
           
             Reverence
             due
          
           to
           them
           ,
           as
           they
           have
           relation
           to
           God
           ,
           by
           Kissing
           them
           ,
           pulling
           off
           the
           Hat
           ,
           Bowing
           ,
           Setting
           of
           Tapers
           ,
           &c.
           before
           them
           ,
           in
           the
           same
           manner
           ,
           and
           with
           no
           more
           just
           occasion
           of
           Scandal
           ,
           and
           no
           more
           breach
           of
           any
           Commandment
           ,
           than
           the
           Church
           of
           England
           do's
           express
           the
           Veneration
           She
           shews
           to
           the
           Bible
           in
           
             Kissing
             it
          
           ;
           to
           the
           Church
           ,
           by
           
             pulling
             off
             the
             Hat
          
           ;
           to
           the
           Name
           of
           Jesus
           ,
           by
           Bowing
           ;
           to
           the
           Communion-Table
           ,
           by
           setting
           Candles
           on
           it
           .
           Which
           being
           so
           many
           Actions
           intended
           to
           signifie
           the
           
           Interior
           Sentiment
           and
           Affection
           of
           the
           Soul
           ;
           there
           can
           certainly
           be
           no
           more
           of
           Idolatry
           in
           them
           ,
           or
           Superstition
           ,
           than
           there
           is
           in
           the
           Intention
           ,
           or
           in
           the
           Act
           of
           the
           Soul
           ;
           the
           one
           being
           the
           same
           outwardly
           ,
           what
           the
           other
           is
           inwardly
           .
           And
           ,
           however
           some
           Divines
           and
           Leading
           Men
           of
           the
           Church
           of
           England
           ,
           who
           are
           in
           love
           with
           wrangling
           ,
           and
           thro'
           the
           Influence
           of
           an
           Unchristian
           Temper
           ,
           seem
           to
           be
           afraid
           of
           a
           better
           Understanding
           coming
           amongst
           Christians
           ,
           take
           pains
           to
           blow
           up
           this
           Controversie
           with
           some
           School
           and
           Empty
           Notions
           ;
           yet
           't
           is
           not
           to
           be
           thought
           ,
           there
           's
           any
           great
           difference
           between
           the
           
             Two
             Churches
          
           ,
           were
           they
           to
           Speak
           their
           Sense
           in
           a
           Cool
           and
           Moderate
           Temper
           ,
           where
           they
           might
           be
           free
           from
           the
           Suggestions
           of
           such
           Hot
           and
           Fiery
           Spirits
           ,
           who
           seem
           to
           be
           rather
           Men
           of
           State
           and
           Policy
           ,
           than
           of
           Religion
           .
           For
           ,
           can
           it
           be
           imagin'd
           ,
           that
           the
           Church
           of
           England
           ,
           who
           confesses
           ,
           that
           the
           
             Holy
             Ghost
          
           himself
           ,
           the
           Apostles
           ,
           and
           
             Primitive
             Christians
          
           instructed
           by
           the
           Apostles
           ,
           Honor'd
           the
           NAME
           of
           the
           Cross
           ,
           and
           had
           an
           
             Honorable
             Esteem
          
           for
           the
           SIGN
           of
           the
           Cross
           ,
           can
           be
           in
           good
           earnest
           against
           those
           ,
           who
           express
           outwardly
           this
           Honor
           ,
           which
           in
           it self
           is
           thus
           acknowledg'd
           of
           
             Divine
             Institution
          
           ,
           and
           to
           have
           been
           the
           Doctrin
           of
           the
           Apostles
           ?
           If
           the
           Apostles
           too
           ,
           as
           she
           owns
           above
           ,
           did
           honor
           the
           NAME
           of
           the
           Cross
           by
           their
           Mouths
           and
           Words
           ;
           can
           she
           condemn
           those
           ,
           who
           do
           the
           like
           with
           their
           Hands
           ,
           their
           Heads
           or
           Knees
           ?
           If
           it
           be
           the
           Doctrin
           of
           the
           Holy
           Ghost
           ,
           to
           have
           
           this
           Honor
           for
           the
           Name
           and
           Sign
           of
           the
           Cross
           in
           our
           Hearts
           ;
           and
           the
           Apostles
           ,
           by
           the
           instinct
           of
           that
           Holy
           Spirit
           ,
           did
           express
           this
           by
           their
           Words
           ;
           may
           not
           We
           do
           so
           too
           ?
           And
           if
           We
           may
           do
           this
           in
           Words
           ,
           may
           not
           we
           do
           it
           in
           any
           other
           way
           of
           Expressing
           our
           Sense
           ,
           which
           Nature
           has
           given
           us
           ,
           and
           are
           answerable
           to
           
             Words
             ?
             Words
          
           are
           nothing
           more
           than
           for
           their
           Signification
           ;
           and
           if
           we
           signifie
           our
           thoughts
           by
           any
           other
           way
           ,
           as
           by
           Signs
           ,
           by
           any
           Motion
           ,
           or
           Gesture
           of
           our
           Body
           ;
           these
           Actions
           being
           to
           express
           the
           
             same
             affection
          
           of
           our
           Soul
           ,
           which
           we
           other
           ways
           do
           by
           Words
           ,
           they
           are
           as
           Innocent
           as
           our
           Words
           ;
           and
           't
           is
           impossible
           the
           Actions
           should
           be
           Idolatrous
           ,
           whilst
           the
           Words
           are
           Orthodox
           :
           Since
           being
           taught
           by
           the
           Apostles
           ,
           to
           have
           an
           Honor
           in
           our
           Hearts
           for
           the
           SIGN
           of
           the
           Cross
           ,
           't
           is
           the
           same
           thing
           before
           God
           and
           Men
           ,
           whether
           we
           signifie
           this
           outwardly
           by
           our
           Tongues
           ,
           or
           by
           our
           Lips
           ,
           or
           by
           our
           Hands
           ,
           or
           by
           our
           Heads
           ,
           or
           by
           our
           Knees
           ;
           these
           being
           only
           so
           many
           different
           kinds
           of
           Speaking
           ,
           to
           signifie
           one
           and
           the
           same
           sense
           of
           our
           hearts
           .
           And
           whilst
           they
           are
           so
           ,
           there
           can
           be
           nothing
           justly
           charg'd
           upon
           any
           one
           of
           these
           ways
           of
           Expressing
           ,
           but
           will
           as
           certainly
           fall
           upon
           all
           the
           rest
           ;
           for
           they
           being
           all
           upon
           the
           same
           intention
           and
           design
           ,
           of
           shewing
           outwardly
           the
           Honor
           we
           are
           taught
           by
           the
           Apostles
           to
           have
           in
           our
           hearts
           ,
           and
           this
           Honor
           thus
           severally
           express'd
           ,
           being
           but
           one
           and
           the
           same
           ,
           founded
           upon
           the
           Relation
           the
           Sign
           of
           the
           Cross
           has
           to
           Christ
           ;
           if
           it
           be
           a
           
             Religious
             Worship
          
           ,
           when
           't
           is
           signified
           by
           
           the
           Knee
           ,
           't
           is
           Religious
           too
           when
           signified
           by
           the
           Tongue
           ,
           and
           alike
           Religious
           whilst
           't
           is
           in
           the
           Heart
           ;
           if
           it
           be
           Idolatrous
           to
           express
           it
           by
           the
           Knee
           in
           bending
           ,
           't
           is
           Idolatrous
           too
           ,
           to
           express
           it
           with
           the
           Tongue
           in
           Words
           ;
           and
           most
           of
           all
           Idolatrous
           ,
           as
           it
           is
           in
           the
           Heart
           .
        
         
           Upon
           this
           Point
           turns
           the
           Greatest
           part
           of
           this
           Controversie
           ,
           which
           of
           it self
           is
           very
           inconsiderable
           .
           But
           our
           Answerer
           takes
           little
           care
           to
           see
           how
           the
           Question
           stands
           ;
           He
           's
           for
           exposing
           the
           Church
           of
           Rome
           ,
           and
           as
           long
           as
           he
           has
           the
           knack
           of
           doing
           this
           by
           Ridiculing
           ,
           and
           Drolling
           ,
           what
           should
           he
           trouble
           himself
           with
           such
           impertinencies
           ,
           as
           are
           
             stating
             the
             Question
          
           ,
           and
           
             speaking
             to
             the
             Point
          
           ?
           He
           's
           satisfied
           the
           word
           Image-worship
           will
           do
           the
           work
           ,
           without
           much
           need
           of
           longer
           Proofs
           ;
           and
           therefore
           waving
           all
           such
           kind
           of
           
             Controversial
             Drudgery
          
           ,
           he
           falls
           to
           the
           Historical
           part
           ,
           in
           which
           ,
           from
           the
           different
           account
           of
           Historians
           ,
           the
           disagreement
           in
           Time
           and
           Place
           and
           other
           Circumstances
           ,
           he
           easily
           fills
           all
           with
           Confusion
           and
           Uncertainty
           .
           A
           tedious
           work
           he
           makes
           about
           the
           second
           Council
           of
           Nice
           ,
           and
           sets
           it
           out
           in
           such
           abusive
           Language
           ,
           with
           so
           much
           contempt
           and
           scorn
           ,
           that
           he
           seems
           ,
           at
           his
           writing
           this
           Character
           ,
           to
           have
           come
           fresh
           from
           a
           
             Billings-gate
             Lecture
          
           .
           Hear
           how
           he
           attacks
           that
           Venerable
           Synod
           :
           
             They
             were
             a
             Pack
             of
             Greeks
          
           (
           says
           he
           pa.
           38.
           )
           
             that
             were
             neither
             the
             wisest
             ,
             nor
             the
             honestest
             Men
             in
             the
             World.
          
           Then
           having
           undervalued
           the
           Proofs
           of
           that
           Council
           as
           Senseless
           and
           Ridiculous
           ,
           he
           adds
           ,
           pa.
           39.
           
           
           
             Now
             you
             may
             judge
             ,
             whether
             these
             were
             not
             rare
             Greek
             Wits
             .
             Yet
             we
             might
             forgive
             their
             want
             of
             Brains
             ,
             if
             they
             had
             been
             Men
             of
             Integrity
             ;
             but
             they
             were
             dishonest
             too
             .
          
           In
           this
           manner
           do's
           he
           complement
           this
           great
           Synod
           with
           the
           Honorable
           Titles
           of
           Fools
           and
           Knaves
           .
           Certainly
           he
           must
           be
           a
           wise
           Man
           in
           his
           own
           conceit
           ,
           who
           makes
           so
           bold
           with
           three
           hundred
           and
           fifty
           Fathers
           ,
           besides
           the
           Popes
           Legates
           ,
           and
           the
           Vicars
           of
           the
           Oriental
           Patriarchs
           .
           But
           I
           leave
           him
           in
           this
           Buffoonry
           ,
           wishing
           him
           only
           much
           joy
           of
           his
           Admirable
           Talent
           in
           this
           kind
           .
           The
           Chief
           thing
           he
           urges
           against
           this
           Council
           ,
           is
           their
           establishing
           ,
           as
           he
           pretends
           ,
           
             Superstitious
             Errors
          
           ,
           the
           Worship
           or
           
             Adoration
             of
             Images
          
           ,
           such
           as
           our
           Author
           judges
           to
           be
           nothing
           else
           than
           Idolatry
           ;
           in
           this
           ,
           doing
           altogether
           like
           himself
           ,
           who
           quarrels
           with
           every
           thing
           ;
           but
           how
           unlike
           the
           more
           Learned
           and
           Moderate
           Divines
           of
           his
           own
           Church
           ,
           who
           vindicate
           this
           Council
           from
           all
           such
           imputations
           !
           Mr.
           Thorndike
           freely
           confessing
           ,
           that
           he
           
             must
             maintain
             as
             unquestionable
             ,
             that
             the
             Council
             of
          
           Nice
           
             injoyns
             no
             Idolatry
          
           ,
           Epil
           .
           3.
           pa.
           363.
           
           And
           Dr.
           Field
           affirming
           ,
           that
           the
           Nicence
           
             Fathers
             mean
             nothing
             else
             by
             Adoration
             of
             Images
             ,
             but
             embracing
             ,
             kissing
             ,
             and
             reverently
             using
             of
             them
             ,
             and
             like
             to
             the
             Honor
             we
             do
             the
             Books
             of
             Holy
             Scripture
             .
             (
             Of
             the
             Church
          
           l.
           3.
           c.
           36.
           )
           Thus
           do
           these
           Eminent
           Men
           deliver
           their
           Sense
           of
           this
           Council
           and
           it's
           Doctrin
           ,
           which
           our
           Author
           has
           thought
           fit
           to
           render
           so
           Ridiculous
           to
           the
           World.
           He
           catches
           at
           Words
           ,
           and
           without
           Examining
           or
           Understanding
           them
           ,
           
           makes
           Idolatry
           and
           Superstition
           of
           the
           most
           Orthodox
           and
           Christian
           Doctrin
           :
           And
           this
           I
           look
           upon
           the
           occasion
           of
           his
           letting
           flie
           so
           furiously
           at
           this
           
             Venerable
             Synod
          
           ,
           and
           of
           all
           his
           Rallery
           against
           it
           .
           But
           I
           proceed
           to
           consider
           his
           other
           Arguments
           .
        
         
           The
           principal
           thing
           he
           insists
           on
           ,
           and
           which
           runs
           thro'
           his
           whole
           Pamphlet
           ,
           is
           ,
           that
           we
           cannot
           make
           it
           appear
           ,
           even
           as
           a
           thing
           probable
           ,
           that
           Images
           were
           so
           much
           as
           set
           up
           in
           Churches
           in
           the
           Primitive
           Times
           ;
           and
           upon
           this
           Practice
           ,
           now
           so
           common
           in
           the
           Church
           of
           Rome
           ,
           he
           presses
           her
           with
           the
           Guilt
           of
           Innovation
           .
           An
           Excellent
           Argument
           ,
           well
           becoming
           a
           Leader
           of
           the
           People
           !
           But
           this
           is
           the
           Motive
           of
           Reforming
           .
           And
           do
           not
           some
           other
           Reformers
           ,
           upon
           the
           same
           grounds
           ,
           prove
           the
           use
           of
           Organs
           ,
           in
           the
           
             Divine
             Service
          
           ,
           to
           be
           an
           Innovation
           ;
           since
           it
           cannot
           be
           made
           appear
           ,
           even
           as
           probable
           ,
           that
           there
           were
           any
           such
           things
           known
           to
           the
           Primitive
           Christians
           of
           the
           first
           three
           or
           four
           hundred
           years
           ?
           And
           do
           not
           others
           ,
           still
           treading
           over
           the
           same
           steps
           ,
           make
           the
           use
           of
           Cathedrals
           and
           Churches
           ,
           of
           Deanries
           and
           Prebendaries
           ,
           an
           Innovation
           in
           Christianity
           ;
           since
           in
           the
           
             Primitive
             times
          
           there
           were
           no
           such
           things
           heard
           ●f
           ?
           After
           this
           rate
           some
           Men
           are
           pleas'd
           to
           argue
           ;
           and
           at
           this
           pace
           the
           Reformation
           may
           go
           on
           improving
           every
           day
           ,
           till
           there
           's
           nothing
           of
           Christianity
           left
           ,
           if
           such
           Principles
           and
           Reasons
           of
           some
           
             Church
             of
          
           England
           Reformers
           are
           but
           follow'd
           ,
           as
           Just
           and
           Convincing
           .
           But
           these
           can
           have
           no
           authority
           ,
           but
           with
           some
           Weak
           
           and
           Passionate
           Men.
           Others
           ,
           who
           weigh
           things
           duely
           ,
           know
           that
           the
           Circumstances
           of
           the
           Primitive
           Christians
           ,
           their
           being
           under
           Severe
           Persecution
           ,
           their
           living
           and
           conversing
           in
           the
           middle
           of
           Pagans
           and
           Jews
           ,
           &c.
           did
           make
           many
           things
           inconvenient
           and
           unseasonable
           at
           that
           time
           ,
           especially
           such
           as
           related
           to
           the
           Solemnity
           and
           Order
           of
           the
           Church
           ,
           which
           otherwise
           were
           Good
           and
           Apostolical
           .
           This
           Mr.
           Montagu
           ,
           a
           Wise
           and
           Learned
           Man
           ,
           throughly
           consider'd
           ;
           and
           particularly
           in
           relation
           to
           Images
           ,
           which
           ,
           he
           says
           ,
           in
           the
           first
           Ages
           were
           but
           few
           or
           none
           in
           publick
           ,
           not
           because
           they
           were
           then
           Unlawful
           ,
           or
           contrary
           to
           the
           Doctrin
           of
           the
           Apostles
           ;
           but
           because
           they
           were
           inconvenient
           in
           those
           times
           of
           Persecution
           and
           Paganism
           .
           I
           'll
           here
           set
           down
           his
           own
           words
           to
           satisfie
           the
           Answerer
           ,
           and
           to
           let
           him
           see
           the
           difference
           between
           the
           Spirit
           of
           Peace
           and
           Moderation
           ,
           and
           that
           of
           Bitterness
           and
           Wrangling
           .
           Thus
           then
           that
           Worthy
           Divine
           argues
           in
           his
           
             Appeal
             to
             Caesar
          
           ,
           c.
           23.
           
        
         
           
             As
             the
             Ancient
             Fathers
             of
             the
             Primitive
             Times
             had
             very
             few
             or
             no
             Churches
             at
             all
             ,
             at
             least
             of
             Note
             ,
             Dignity
             or
             of
             Receipt
             ,
             because
             they
             liv'd
             in
             Times
             of
             fierce
             Persecution
             ,
             and
             were
             seldom
             ,
             or
             Few
             of
             them
             Stationary
             ,
             but
             compell'd
             
               subinde
               mutare
               sedes
            
             ;
             so
             had
             they
             very
             few
             ,
             I
             grant
             ,
             or
             no
             Pictures
             at
             all
             in
             public
             use
             amongst
             them
             ,
             not
             so
             much
             as
             for
             Ornament
             sake
             .
             And
             the
             reason
             was
             ,
             because
             they
             lived
             continually
             amongst
             Pagans
             ,
             and
             were
             themselves
             ,
             for
             the
             most
             part
             ,
             such
             as
             had
             abandon'd
             and
             come
             over
             
             from
             Paganism
             unto
             Christ
             ;
             that
             were
             bred
             in
             ,
             brought
             up
             in
             ,
             inur'd
             to
             ,
             and
             fast
             setled
             unto
             Idolatry
             in
             Image-worship
             .
             Therefore
             they
             spoke
             against
             them
             with
             some
             tartness
             and
             inveighing
             sort
             ,
             lest
             haply
             by
             conversing
             with
             ,
             or
             neighboring
             upon
             Pagans
             ,
             or
             thro'
             former
             use
             of
             being
             mis-led
             by
             those
             Pagans
             ,
             the
             Novel
             and
             tender
             Shoots
             of
             Christianity
             might
             receive
             hurt
             ,
             and
             learn
             to
             worship
             Idols
             ,
             as
             those
             Pagans
             did
             .
          
           In
           which
           words
           this
           Author
           plainly
           declares
           ,
           that
           tho'
           there
           was
           not
           the
           public
           use
           of
           Images
           in
           the
           first
           Ages
           ;
           yet
           the
           admittance
           of
           them
           afterwards
           into
           Churches
           was
           no
           Innovation
           ,
           as
           our
           Answerer
           pretends
           ;
           but
           the
           practising
           of
           a
           thing
           ,
           which
           in
           all
           the
           precedent
           Ages
           had
           been
           just
           and
           lawful
           ,
           but
           not
           expedient
           ,
           for
           the
           reasons
           here
           assign'd
           by
           him
           .
           Which
           thing
           the
           same
           Author
           has
           thus
           clearly
           deliver'd
           in
           the
           foregoing
           Chapter
           ,
           where
           speaking
           of
           the
           use
           of
           
             Images
             :
             Before
          
           St.
           Gregory
           ,
           says
           he
           ,
           
             I
             know
             no
             such
             confest
             employment
             for
             them
             .
             He
             was
             the
             first
             that
             gave
             such
             public
             approbation
             unto
             them
             DECLARATORILY
             ,
             tho'
             it
             was
             TRVE
             DOCTRIN
             IN
             IT SELF
             ,
             before
             he
             ever
             profess'd
             it
             such
             .
          
           Can
           any
           thing
           be
           more
           clearly
           express'd
           ?
           Is
           it
           not
           evidently
           here
           acknowledg●d
           by
           a
           
             Church
             of
          
           England
           Divine
           ,
           that
           the
           Use
           of
           Images
           ,
           as
           approv'd
           and
           allow'd
           by
           Pope
           Gregory
           ,
           who
           was
           for
           giving
           
             Reverence
             and
             Respect
             unto
             them
          
           ,
           as
           this
           Author
           confesses
           in
           the
           same
           Chapter
           ,
           was
           a
           
             True
             Doctrin
             in
             it self
          
           ;
           tho'
           it
           was
           never
           
             professedly
             declar'd
          
           before
           this
           
           time
           ?
           And
           yet
           our
           Answerer
           ,
           unacquainted
           it
           seems
           with
           the
           Doctrin
           of
           his
           own
           Church
           ,
           and
           with
           the
           Circumstances
           of
           the
           
             Primitive
             Church
          
           ,
           comes
           here
           with
           the
           full
           Cry
           of
           Innovation
           ,
           giving
           the
           World
           and
           me
           a
           needless
           trouble
           of
           stating
           this
           Controversie
           ,
           which
           has
           been
           so
           long
           ago
           decided
           ,
           as
           to
           this
           Point
           ,
           by
           a
           Divine
           of
           his
           own
           Church
           .
           But
           alas
           ,
           some
           Men
           ,
           who
           have
           for
           a
           long
           time
           from
           their
           
             Castle
             of
             Priviledge
          
           ,
           with
           a
           Noisy
           ,
           but
           Empty
           Controversie
           ,
           peevishly
           declaim'd
           against
           all
           sorts
           of
           Adversaries
           ;
           and
           there
           boastingly
           triumph'd
           ,
           where
           they
           know
           no
           body
           dar'd
           contradict
           or
           question
           them
           ,
           vainly
           think
           they
           may
           do
           the
           like
           in
           Print
           ,
           and
           that
           they
           may
           as
           easily
           impose
           upon
           all
           Readers
           ,
           as
           upon
           their
           Hearers
           .
           And
           I
           desire
           our
           Answerer
           to
           consider
           ,
           how
           far
           he
           is
           here
           concern'd
           ,
           who
           thus
           dares
           to
           venture
           abroad
           ,
           with
           these
           Raw
           and
           Vnconnected
           Notions
           .
        
         
           But
           the
           Answerer
           is
           resolv'd
           however
           ,
           to
           convince
           his
           Reader
           of
           the
           Unlawfulness
           of
           Images
           ;
           and
           in
           order
           to
           this
           tells
           him
           ,
           as
           before
           ,
           that
           the
           
             Antient
             Heretics
          
           were
           Friends
           to
           Images
           .
           I
           wont
           ask
           here
           ;
           Why
           then
           do's
           the
           
             Church
             of
          
           England
           use
           them
           in
           her
           Places
           of
           Worship
           ?
           But
           ,
           I
           'll
           tell
           him
           in
           his
           own
           Words
           ,
           that
           this
           is
           a
           
             Silly
             Artifice
          
           ;
           and
           that
           every
           thing
           is
           not
           to
           be
           condemn'd
           ,
           which
           was
           us'd
           by
           such
           a
           sort
           of
           People
           .
           He
           knows
           ,
           I
           hope
           ,
           that
           the
           
             Antient
             Heretics
          
           us'd
           the
           Bible
           too
           ,
           as
           likewise
           Preaching
           and
           Churches
           ,
           and
           yet
           sure
           all
           these
           are
           not
           to
           be
           rejected
           upon
           this
           score
           .
           I
           have
           here
           shew'd
           him
           already
           out
           
           of
           his
           own
           Authors
           ,
           who
           first
           declaratorily
           establish'd
           the
           use
           of
           Holy
           Images
           ,
           giving
           Reverence
           and
           Respect
           unto
           them
           ;
           and
           that
           this
           was
           a
           
             True
             Doctrin
             in
             it self
          
           ,
           before
           he
           ever
           profess'd
           it
           :
           And
           what
           matter
           then
           ,
           if
           some
           Heretics
           admitted
           of
           the
           same
           ,
           who
           are
           wont
           to
           abuse
           even
           the
           best
           of
           things
           ,
           as
           the
           Answerer
           says
           ,
           the
           Gnostics
           did
           ,
           pa.
           57.
           who
           rankt
           Christ's
           Image
           with
           those
           of
           
             Pythagoras
             ,
             Plato
          
           and
           Aristotle
           .
           As
           to
           what
           he
           says
           before
           ,
           pag.
           53.
           that
           
             Pope
             Gregory
          
           I.
           and
           II.
           contradict
           each
           other
           in
           this
           Point
           ,
           he
           would
           do
           well
           to
           explicate
           this
           fuller
           in
           his
           next
           ;
           for
           Pope
           Gregory
           II.
           is
           no
           more
           for
           
             Adoration
             of
             Images
          
           ,
           than
           Gregory
           I.
           as
           appears
           in
           that
           Letter
           of
           his
           to
           
             Leo
             Isaurus
          
           cited
           in
           
             Nubes
             Testium
             ,
             pa.
          
           183.
           
           Where
           writing
           to
           the
           Emperor
           :
           
             You
             charge
             us
          
           ,
           says
           he
           ,
           
             with
             the
             Adoration
             of
             Stones
             ,
             and
             Walls
             ,
             and
             Pictures
             .
             But
             't
             is
             not
             so
             as
             you
             affirm
             ,
             O
             Emperor
             !
             What
             we
             do
             is
             only
             to
             refresh
             our
             Memory
             ,
             to
             raise
             our
             minds
             to
             Heaven
             ,
             —
             and
             not
             ,
             as
             you
             urge
             ,
             to
             Worship
             them
             as
             Gods
             ;
             no
             ,
             God
             forbid
             ,
             we
             place
             no
             hope
             in
             them
             .
          
           How
           then
           do's
           he
           contradict
           Gregory
           I.
           while
           he
           's
           no
           more
           for
           Worshiping
           Images
           than
           he
           was
           ?
           But
           he
           that
           has
           Forehead
           enough
           to
           charge
           me
           with
           a
           Notion
           of
           
             Invocating
             of
             Images
          
           ,
           as
           he
           do's
           ,
           pa.
           66.
           when
           I
           have
           no
           such
           Word
           or
           Hint
           ,
           must
           not
           be
           call'd
           to
           an
           account
           for
           every
           thing
           he
           says
           .
        
         
           I
           have
           little
           more
           to
           consider
           in
           this
           Letter
           of
           the
           Answerer
           ,
           besides
           his
           great
           Kindness
           and
           Affection
           to
           the
           Heathens
           ,
           who
           ,
           with
           his
           Good
           
           Friend
           Dr.
           Stillingfleet
           ,
           is
           so
           favorable
           to
           them
           ,
           as
           in
           a
           manner
           to
           excuse
           them
           from
           Idolatry
           ,
           so
           the
           better
           to
           fix
           this
           Crime
           upon
           the
           Papists
           :
           Tho'
           the
           Doctrin
           of
           the
           Papists
           ,
           in
           this
           Point
           ,
           is
           so
           like
           what
           the
           Church
           of
           England
           teaches
           ,
           that
           (
           as
           is
           shewn
           above
           )
           there
           's
           little
           difference
           betwixt
           them
           ,
           besides
           about
           
             School
             Terms
          
           and
           Words
           .
           The
           World
           knows
           the
           good
           understanding
           there
           was
           between
           
             Sultan
             Solyman
          
           and
           
             Martin
             Luther
          
           ,
           and
           how
           friendly
           the
           Followers
           of
           this
           
             New
             Prophet
          
           were
           taught
           to
           be
           to
           the
           Turks
           ;
           but
           why
           our
           
             English
             Reformers
          
           upon
           
             Martin
             Luther
          
           should
           be
           at
           this
           day
           so
           kind
           to
           the
           Heathens
           ,
           must
           be
           left
           to
           every
           one
           to
           guess
           .
           The
           Answerer
           assures
           the
           Person
           of
           
             Quality
             ,
             pa.
          
           11.
           to
           whom
           he
           writes
           ,
           that
           to
           charge
           the
           Heathens
           with
           
             Worshiping
             Stocks
             and
             Stones
             as
             Gods
             ,
          
           is
           to
           Misrepresent
           them
           .
           And
           yet
           how
           many
           times
           has
           this
           very
           thing
           been
           instill'd
           into
           the
           Peoples
           Heads
           ,
           as
           True
           of
           the
           Papists
           ,
           which
           now
           ,
           as
           we
           are
           inform'd
           ,
           is
           a
           Misrepresentation
           ,
           when
           affirm'd
           of
           the
           Pagans
           ?
           Are
           not
           the
           Pagans
           here
           deeply
           indebted
           to
           these
           
             Church
             of
          
           England
           Men
           ,
           in
           their
           owning
           them
           to
           be
           Misrepresented
           ,
           whilst
           the
           same
           Abomination
           is
           so
           liberally
           charg'd
           upon
           the
           Papists
           ,
           and
           yet
           no
           Misrepresentation
           there
           ,
           if
           you
           'l
           believe
           '
           em
           ?
           This
           is
           to
           make
           the
           Papists
           worse
           than
           Heathens
           ;
           and
           without
           either
           Respect
           to
           Duty
           or
           
             Good
             manners
          
           ,
           to
           advance
           even
           now
           that
           Plot-Divinity
           ,
           which
           was
           Preach'd
           by
           a
           Doctor
           before
           the
           
             House
             of
             Commons
             ,
             April
          
           11.
           1679.
           
           Who
           setting
           out
           Popery
           in
           such
           colors
           ,
           as
           
           might
           be
           most
           effectual
           to
           excite
           that
           Assembly
           to
           the
           Drawing
           of
           Blood
           ,
           after
           several
           Dreadful
           Characters
           ,
           at
           last
           pa.
           30.
           thus
           concludes
           ;
           Nay
           ,
           says
           he
           ,
           
             it
             is
             a
             Religion
             ,
             that
             will
             engage
             you
             in
             a
             more
             Unnatural
             Idolatry
             ,
             than
             ever
             the
             Pagans
             were
             guilty
             of
             .
          
           Is
           not
           this
           a
           rare
           Character
           of
           one
           Christian
           from
           another
           ?
           Nay
           from
           
             Church
             of
          
           England
           
             Christians
             too
          
           ,
           such
           who
           pretend
           to
           so
           much
           Charity
           and
           Moderation
           above
           their
           Neighbors
           ;
           and
           yet
           to
           cast
           forth
           so
           much
           Gall
           and
           Venom
           ,
           that
           could
           be
           expected
           from
           none
           ,
           but
           another
           Julian
           ,
           or
           a
           Lucian
           ?
           But
           I
           take
           no
           advantage
           here
           ,
           I
           consider
           this
           was
           deliver'd
           in
           a
           time
           of
           an
           
             Epidemical
             Madness
          
           ;
           and
           what
           wonder
           ,
           if
           the
           Pulpits
           did
           not
           escape
           the
           Contagion
           ?
           But
           why
           at
           this
           time
           of
           the
           day
           should
           
             this
             Lecture
          
           be
           read
           to
           the
           People
           ?
           Is
           not
           the
           Plot
           out
           of
           some
           People's
           heads
           yet
           ?
           Is
           the
           Infection
           so
           lasting
           ?
           But
           what
           shall
           we
           say
           ;
           the
           Enclosure
           of
           some
           Men's
           Religion
           ,
           is
           only
           
             to
             be
             against
             Popery
          
           .
           They
           raise
           a
           monstrous
           Notion
           in
           their
           own
           Brains
           ;
           and
           while
           they
           expose
           this
           to
           the
           People
           ,
           they
           make
           the
           Innocent
           suffer
           for
           their
           Delusion
           .
           They
           'l
           joyn
           hands
           with
           the
           Turk
           or
           the
           Pagan
           ,
           so
           they
           can
           but
           make
           a
           Devil
           of
           the
           Papist
           .
           And
           in
           this
           some
           of
           their
           Furioso's
           are
           so
           blindly
           rash
           ,
           that
           they
           care
           not
           how
           Antichristian
           they
           make
           their
           
             own
             Church
          
           ,
           so
           they
           can
           but
           set
           out
           the
           Papists
           for
           Idolaters
           .
           For
           here
           I
           desire
           any
           serious
           Man
           to
           consider
           ,
           if
           the
           Papists
           were
           thus
           really
           
             Idolaters
             ,
             as
             bad
             or
             worse
             than
             the
             Heathens
             ,
          
           as
           these
           Men
           suggest
           ,
           what
           Advantage
           would
           this
           be
           to
           
           the
           
             Church
             of
          
           England
           ?
           What
           kind
           of
           Church
           must
           the
           
             Church
             of
          
           England
           be
           ,
           who
           has
           no
           
             Ordination
             ,
             Succession
          
           ,
           or
           
             Authority
             of
             Preaching
          
           ,
           but
           what
           she
           has
           receiv'd
           from
           these
           Idolaters
           ?
           What
           kind
           of
           Church
           must
           she
           be
           ,
           whilst
           she
           owns
           her self
           and
           
             These
             Idolaters
          
           to
           be
           Parts
           of
           the
           
             same
             Church
          
           ?
           What
           kind
           of
           Church
           must
           she
           be
           ,
           whilst
           she
           acknowledges
           ,
           that
           all
           her
           Members
           for
           a
           Thousand
           Years
           before
           Henry
           8.
           were
           in
           Communion
           with
           these
           Idolaters
           ;
           and
           in
           all
           External
           Rites
           and
           Worship
           ,
           were
           comprehended
           in
           the
           Papacy
           ?
           Must
           not
           she
           have
           been
           a
           very
           Dissembling
           and
           Adulterous
           Church
           ;
           whilst
           believing
           internally
           the
           True
           and
           Pure
           Faith
           of
           Christ
           ,
           she
           did
           for
           so
           many
           years
           externally
           practise
           all
           the
           
             supposed
             Superstitions
          
           and
           Idolatries
           of
           the
           Church
           of
           Rome
           ,
           which
           she
           judg'd
           to
           be
           most
           Wicked
           and
           Damnable
           ?
           Is
           not
           this
           an
           admirable
           Character
           of
           a
           Pretended
           Church
           of
           Christ
           ,
           to
           have
           play'd
           the
           Hypocrit
           for
           so
           many
           Ages
           ,
           committing
           Adultery
           with
           the
           Supposed
           
             Whore
             of
             Babylon
          
           ,
           and
           partaking
           in
           all
           her
           pretended
           Abominations
           ?
           What
           greater
           Blow
           could
           an
           Enemy
           give
           to
           the
           Church
           of
           England
           ,
           than
           some
           of
           her
           Divines
           do
           thus
           with
           their
           own
           hands
           ,
           who
           ,
           like
           
             Spiritual
             Janizaries
          
           ,
           destroy
           their
           
             own
             Mother
             Church
          
           of
           which
           they
           are
           Members
           ?
           For
           is
           it
           not
           evident
           ,
           that
           whilst
           they
           endeavor
           to
           make
           the
           Church
           of
           Rome
           guilty
           of
           Idolatry
           ,
           they
           prove
           their
           own
           Church
           for
           so
           many
           years
           to
           have
           been
           Idolatrous
           ,
           to
           have
           been
           a
           
             Dissembling
             Church
             ,
             a
             Church
             denying
             Christ
             and
             his
             Religion
             ,
          
           
           
             a
             Church
             for
             Temporal
             Respects
             committing
             many
             Idolatries
             and
             Superstitions
             ,
          
           and
           consequently
           ,
           
             no
             Church
             at
             all
          
           ?
        
         
           And
           what
           more
           Forcible
           Argument
           need
           any
           Dissenters
           to
           justifie
           their
           Separation
           from
           the
           Church
           of
           England
           ?
           For
           since
           the
           greatest
           part
           of
           those
           things
           upon
           which
           the
           Dissent
           is
           founded
           ,
           are
           such
           as
           have
           been
           instituted
           and
           commanded
           by
           the
           Church
           of
           Rome
           ,
           why
           shou'd
           they
           receive
           them
           from
           the
           
             Church
             of
          
           England
           ,
           whilst
           these
           same
           Church-Guides
           ,
           who
           press
           the
           Observance
           ,
           take
           so
           much
           pains
           to
           prove
           those
           from
           whom
           they
           receiv'd
           them
           ,
           to
           be
           Idolaters
           ,
           and
           a
           sort
           of
           Christians
           worse
           than
           Heathens
           ?
           What
           reason
           has
           any
           Man
           to
           joyn
           in
           such
           a
           Form
           of
           Worship
           and
           
             Divine
             Service
          
           ,
           when
           he
           is
           assur'd
           ,
           that
           Those
           from
           whom
           the
           greatest
           Part
           is
           borrow'd
           ,
           are
           Idolaters
           ?
           Why
           should
           any
           be
           tied
           to
           such
           Ceremonies
           ,
           if
           those
           that
           instituted
           them
           were
           Idolaters
           ?
           'T
           is
           but
           Rational
           for
           every
           Man
           to
           think
           ,
           that
           if
           the
           Papists
           are
           so
           Stupid
           ,
           so
           Sottish
           ,
           so
           Ridiculous
           ,
           such
           Idolaters
           ,
           so
           
             worse
             than
             Heathens
          
           ,
           as
           every
           
             little
             Church-Divine
          
           is
           pleas'd
           to
           render
           them
           ,
           that
           the
           Church
           of
           England
           ,
           who
           retains
           so
           much
           of
           their
           Service
           and
           Ceremonies
           ,
           must
           of
           necessity
           be
           so
           far
           like
           them
           in
           
             Sottishness
             ,
             Ridiculosity
             ,
             Idolatry
          
           and
           Heathenism
           ;
           and
           the
           only
           way
           to
           become
           a
           
             Pure
             Christian
          
           ,
           must
           be
           to
           shake
           off
           ,
           even
           that
           which
           She
           has
           retain'd
           .
           This
           is
           a
           very
           Obvious
           reasoning
           ;
           and
           I
           don't
           question
           ,
           has
           so
           powerfully
           wrought
           upon
           the
           minds
           of
           Infinite
           Numbers
           ,
           and
           widen'd
           the
           Separation
           to
           that
           
           degree
           ,
           that
           the
           very
           Crime
           of
           the
           
             Church
             of
          
           England
           in
           her
           Bitter
           and
           
             Vnjust
             Invectives
          
           against
           the
           Papists
           ,
           has
           by
           a
           just
           hand
           of
           God
           prov'd
           her
           Punishment
           ;
           whilst
           her
           endeavors
           to
           alienate
           the
           Peoples
           minds
           from
           Popery
           ,
           has
           embitter'd
           them
           even
           against
           her self
           ,
           and
           been
           so
           fatal
           to
           her
           ,
           that
           by
           the
           same
           means
           she
           has
           made
           People
           
             no
             Papists
          
           ,
           she
           has
           made
           them
           Dissenters
           from
           her
           own
           Communion
           ,
           and
           rais'd
           to
           her self
           almost
           as
           many
           Enemies
           ,
           as
           she
           inteded
           against
           the
           Church
           of
           Rome
           .
           Our
           Answerer
           ,
           has
           lent
           a
           helping
           hand
           in
           this
           Point
           ;
           I
           do
           not
           mean
           here
           by
           his
           
             Peevish
             ,
             Scandalous
             Pulpit
             Invectives
          
           ;
           but
           in
           this
           his
           pretended
           Answer
           to
           this
           Part
           of
           
             Nubes
             Testium
          
           ;
           whilst
           he
           has
           scarce
           any
           one
           Argument
           ,
           but
           what
           is
           levell'd
           as
           much
           against
           his
           
             own
             Church
          
           (
           if
           that
           be
           really
           his
           ,
           which
           he
           pretends
           )
           as
           against
           the
           Papists
           :
           Tho'
           in
           reality
           ,
           to
           any
           Intelligent
           Reader
           ,
           there
           is
           but
           very
           little
           against
           either
           :
           The
           whole
           being
           made
           up
           of
           
             Vulgar
             Sophisms
             ,
             Wordy
             Disputes
          
           ,
           and
           
             Arguing
             at
             Rovers
          
           :
           But
           the
           Author
           is
           to
           be
           excus'd
           ;
           the
           Whole
           is
           nothing
           more
           than
           a
           Letter
           :
           And
           every
           body
           knows
           ,
           that
           a
           Letter
           ,
           however
           proper
           it
           may
           be
           to
           the
           Person
           ,
           to
           whom
           't
           is
           directed
           ,
           is
           many
           times
           very
           Absurd
           ,
           when
           't
           is
           divulg'd
           and
           made
           Common
           ;
           wee
           'l
           excuse
           therefore
           the
           Writer
           ,
           but
           really
           he
           is
           to
           blame
           that
           Publish'd
           it
           .
        
         
           FINIS
           .