Italy in its original glory, ruine, and revival being an exact survey of the whole geography and history of that famous country, with the adjacent islands of Sicily, Malta, &c. : and whatever is remarkable in Rome (the mistress of the world) and all those towns and territories mentioned in antient and modern authors / translated out of the originals for general satisfaction, by Edmund Warcupp, Esquire.
      
       
         
           1660
        
      
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         ESTC R14486
         12540830
         ocm 12540830
         62973
         
           
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             Italy in its original glory, ruine, and revival being an exact survey of the whole geography and history of that famous country, with the adjacent islands of Sicily, Malta, &c. : and whatever is remarkable in Rome (the mistress of the world) and all those towns and territories mentioned in antient and modern authors / translated out of the originals for general satisfaction, by Edmund Warcupp, Esquire.
             Schottus, Franciscus, 1548-1622.
             Warcupp, Edmund.
          
           [18], 327, [1] p., 2 folded leaves of plates : ill., map
           
             Printed by S. Griffin for H. Twyford, Tho. Dring and I. Place ...,
             London :
             1660.
          
           
             Translation of Schottus's Itinerarii Italiae rerumque Romarum libri tres (Antwerp, 1660) and the Itinerario (Padua, 1629). Cf. NCBEL.
             First ed. in English. Cf. BM.
             Errata: p. [17].
             Reproduction of original in Bodleian Library.
          
        
      
    
     
       
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         eng
      
       
         
           Italy -- Description and travel.
           Italy -- Description and travel -- Early works to 1800.
        
      
    
     
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           ITALY
           ,
           IN
           ITS
           ORIGINAL
           GLORY
           ,
           RUINE
           and
           REVIVAL
           ,
           Being
           an
           Exact
           SURVEY
           Of
           the
           Whole
           GEOGRAPHY
           ,
           AND
           HISTORY
           Of
           That
           FAMOUS
           COUNTRY
           ;
           With
           the
           Adjacent
           Islands
           of
           
             SICILY
             MALTA
             ,
             &c.
          
           
        
         
           And
           what
           ever
           is
           Remarkable
           in
           ROME
           (
           The
           Mistress
           of
           the
           WORLD
           )
           And
           all
           those
           Towns
           and
           Territories
           ,
           mentioned
           in
           Antient
           and
           Modern
           Authors
           .
        
         
           Translated
           out
           of
           the
           Originals
           ,
           for
           General
           Satisfaction
           .
           By
           EDMUND
           WARCUPP
           ,
           Esquire
           .
        
         
           LONDON
           ,
           Printed
           by
           
             S.
             Griffin
          
           ,
           for
           
             H.
             Twyford
             ,
             Tho.
             Dring
          
           ,
           and
           
             I
             :
             Place
          
           ,
           and
           are
           to
           be
           sold
           in
           Vine
           Court
           middle
           Temple
           ,
           at
           the
           George
           in
           
             Fleet
             street
          
           ,
           and
           at
           
             Furnevals
             Inne
          
           Gate
           in
           Holborn
           ,
           1660.
           
        
      
       
         
         
         
           TO
           THE
           RIGHT
           HONOURABLE
           WILLIAM
           Lord
           LENTHAL
           .
        
         
           
             My
             Lord.
             
          
        
         
           TO
           repeat
           your
           Lord-ships
           Tytles
           ,
           and
           the
           Merits
           by
           which
           you
           atchieved
           them
           ,
           and
           your
           just
           Administration
           under
           them
           ,
           requires
           a
           larger
           volume
           then
           I
           here
           present
           you
           ,
           nor
           had
           you
           received
           any
           other
           demonstration
           of
           my
           duty
           ,
           till
           I
           had
           payed
           it
           in
           that
           kind
           ,
           could
           I
           believe
           my self
           fit
           for
           so
           great
           an
           enterprize
           .
           To
           contract
           them
           into
           the
           narrow
           compass
           of
           an
           Epistle
           ,
           is
           a
           diminution
           I
           dare
           not
           think
           of
           ,
           since
           no
           Reader
           capable
           of
           this
           treatise
           can
           be
           ignorant
           of
           more
           then
           I
           could
           here
           tell
           him
           ,
           should
           I
           extend
           it
           much
           beyond
           the
           ordinary
           limits
           :
           and
           Posterity
           can
           turn
           over
           no
           leaf
           in
           the
           English
           History
           (
           during
           our
           last
           twenty
           years
           transactions
           )
           wherein
           he
           will
           not
           find
           frequent
           mention
           of
           your
           Lord-ships
           name
           so
           involved
           in
           the
           principal
           affaires
           ,
           that
           no
           alteration
           the
           Island
           can
           suffer
           (
           whil'st
           inhabited
           by
           men
           )
           can
           extinguish
           your
           memory
           .
           A
           change
           of
           language
           in
           our
           Nation
           by
           foreign
           Conquest
           or
           confusion
           like
           that
           of
           Babel
           ,
           would
           for
           a
           short
           time
           obscure
           it
           ;
           but
           retained
           by
           all
           other
           parts
           of
           the
           knowing
           world
           in
           their
           memorials
           of
           our
           stupendious
           changes
           ,
           how
           soon
           will
           the
           next
           commerce
           bring
           it
           back
           again
           ?
           and
           consecrate
           your
           name
           to
           the
           utmost
           extent
           of
           time
           .
           Amidst
           these
           considerations
           I
           make
           humble
           tender
           of
           all
           I
           can
           .
           The
           Itinerary
           of
           Italy
           ,
           translated
           long
           after
           my
           return
           thence
           ,
           in
           those
           vacant
           hours
           which
           I
           allowed
           to
           diversion
           ,
           without
           farther
           intention
           then
           to
           renew
           that
           language
           by
           a
           retranslation
           (
           which
           occasioned
           my
           so
           close
           keeping
           to
           the
           Italian
           
           names
           and
           Idiome
           )
           and
           once
           more
           to
           travel
           that
           celebrate
           Countrey
           in
           this
           exact
           description
           ,
           whither
           in
           my
           earlier
           years
           your
           Lordship
           addressed
           me
           .
           Taking
           wing
           therefore
           from
           your
           Lordships
           Hand
           ,
           and
           persuit
           from
           your
           direction
           ,
           the
           Quarry
           (
           such
           as
           it
           is
           )
           ought
           to
           be
           your
           Lordships
           at
           the
           retrive
           ;
           and
           though
           perhaps
           you
           will
           not
           esteem
           it
           fit
           to
           range
           in
           the
           first
           course
           of
           Books
           on
           your
           Lordships
           well
           furnished
           Table
           ,
           yet
           it
           may
           deserve
           a
           share
           in
           the
           second
           ,
           affording
           a
           pleasant
           repast
           even
           to
           those
           ,
           who
           require
           a
           more
           substantial
           meal
           .
           To
           advance
           that
           thought
           a
           little
           ,
           and
           call
           it
           Manna
           (
           such
           in
           every
           mans
           mouth
           as
           he
           best
           liked
           )
           though
           proper
           enough
           to
           the
           Countrey
           where
           it
           abounds
           in
           great
           perfection
           ,
           and
           agreeable
           to
           this
           work
           ,
           where
           all
           appetites
           ,
           all
           tasts
           ,
           may
           be
           delighted
           ,
           would
           perhaps
           appear
           arrogance
           in
           me
           ,
           who
           deliver
           it
           not
           pure
           from
           the
           tree
           (
           on
           which
           it
           falls
           )
           but
           as
           from
           an
           Apothecaries
           shop
           ,
           where
           it
           may
           have
           received
           some
           taint
           .
           Yet
           those
           imperfections
           your
           Lordship
           will
           pardon
           ,
           and
           for
           your
           Lordships
           sake
           this
           Nation
           ,
           (
           at
           least
           in
           some
           measure
           )
           because
           devoted
           to
           you
           upon
           the
           score
           of
           publique
           gratitude
           as
           well
           as
           the
           particular
           obligation
           ,
           of
        
         
           
             My
             Lord
             ,
          
           
             Your
             Lordships
             most
             affectionate
             Nephew
             ,
             and
             most
             obedient
             Servant
             
               EDMOND
               WARCUPP
            
             .
          
        
      
       
         
         
           A
           PREFACE
           TO
           THE
           READER
           .
        
         
           YOU
           have
           here
           the
           Itinerary
           of
           Italy
           ,
           a
           guide
           to
           all
           that
           travel
           thither
           ,
           a
           memorial
           after
           their
           return
           ,
           a
           just
           entertainment
           to
           the
           learned
           ,
           &
           a
           pleasing
           diversion
           to
           those
           who
           have
           not
           given
           themselves
           the
           trouble
           of
           unnecessarie
           letters
           ;
           whilst
           with
           easie
           Journies
           they
           pass
           through
           the
           most
           celebrate
           part
           of
           the
           habitable
           Earth
           ,
           directed
           by
           this
           Treatise
           to
           the
           view
           or
           contemplation
           of
           all
           that
           is
           excellent
           in
           art
           ,
           or
           nature
           .
           Such
           indeed
           is
           the
           scituation
           of
           the
           Country
           ,
           such
           the
           nature
           of
           the
           soile
           ,
           such
           the
           antient
           manners
           of
           the
           people
           ,
           as
           gave
           them
           a
           just
           Prerogative
           to
           the
           Empire
           of
           the
           world
           :
           proportioned
           to
           their
           dominion
           were
           their
           actions
           ,
           the
           great
           examples
           of
           ensuing
           ages
           in
           all
           that
           was
           imitable
           ,
           their
           wonder
           
           and
           amazement
           in
           what
           exceeds
           the
           hope
           of
           imitation
           .
           Of
           both
           you
           have
           a
           transitory
           account
           so
           interwoven
           with
           the
           general
           survay
           ,
           that
           it
           is
           scarce
           possible
           a
           volume
           of
           this
           size
           ,
           can
           contain
           more
           ,
           or
           more
           worthy
           remarques
           of
           persons
           ,
           places
           ,
           things
           ,
           from
           the
           remotest
           of
           times
           to
           this
           instant
           .
           For
           beside
           the
           necessarie
           instruction
           in
           the
           number
           of
           miles
           ,
           &
           conveniences
           of
           passage
           from
           Town
           to
           Town
           ,
           through
           every
           part
           that
           can
           recompence
           the
           trouble
           of
           a
           journey
           ,
           you
           find
           a
           breif
           and
           yet
           a
           lively
           description
           of
           their
           several
           scituations
           ,
           a
           repetition
           of
           their
           Historie
           ,
           Government
           ,
           capital
           Families
           ,
           eminent
           persons
           ,
           ruined
           Amphitheaters
           ,
           Arches
           ,
           Bathes
           ,
           old
           Temples
           ,
           later
           Churches
           ,
           Palaces
           of
           both
           sorts
           with
           their
           various
           ornaments
           ;
           what
           they
           have
           bin
           &
           what
           they
           are
           ,
           when
           ,
           and
           by
           whom
           founded
           ,
           ruined
           ,
           or
           restored
           .
           Not
           any
           thing
           antient
           or
           modern
           ,
           which
           a
           man
           upon
           the
           place
           ought
           to
           understand
           ,
           seems
           omitted
           ,
           nor
           is
           there
           any
           thing
           inserted
           to
           the
           unnecessary
           burthen
           of
           his
           memory
           :
           no
           Treatise
           in
           the
           Italian
           tongue
           was
           everso
           acceptable
           to
           strangers
           ,
           none
           on
           this
           subject
           deserved
           so
           well
           from
           the
           natives
           .
           Whatever
           therefore
           the
           success
           be
           in
           the
           translation
           ,
           you
           cannot
           but
           commend
           this
           Gentlemans
           choice
           ,
           who
           after
           many
           years
           return
           from
           that
           pleasing
           journey
           ,
           intended
           only
           a
           recollection
           of
           the
           language
           ,
           and
           review
           of
           the
           Countrey
           ,
           without
           any
           designe
           of
           making
           his
           papers
           publique
           ,
           till
           assured
           by
           his
           friends
           they
           would
           in
           all
           hands
           meet
           a
           favourable
           
           reception
           ;
           since
           the
           early
           progress
           of
           our
           English
           youth
           ,
           and
           short
           abode
           there
           ,
           seldom
           gives
           them
           opportunity
           to
           arrive
           to
           any
           perfection
           in
           that
           speech
           ,
           till
           they
           are
           ready
           for
           departure
           ,
           nor
           do
           many
           of
           them
           long
           retain
           it
           .
           Of
           those
           how
           few
           are
           there
           that
           prefer
           not
           discourses
           in
           their
           own
           ?
           especially
           on
           a
           subject
           which
           .
           admits
           no
           continued
           elegancie
           of
           stile
           ,
           or
           contains
           any
           thing
           not
           easily
           reducible
           to
           another
           Idiome
           ▪
           Such
           as
           have
           traverst
           the
           History
           only
           ,
           will
           find
           in
           every
           leaf
           a
           new
           delight
           by
           the
           brief
           recitals
           of
           the
           best
           Authors
           ,
           enlightned
           with
           Chronologie
           ,
           &
           many
           doubtful
           passages
           reduc'd
           to
           certainty
           by
           the
           site
           and
           distance
           of
           the
           most
           memorable
           Cities
           ,
           Fields
           ,
           &
           villages
           celebrate
           in
           Latin
           &
           Italian
           stories
           .
           Those
           who
           are
           hitherto
           unacquainted
           with
           either
           ,
           will
           here
           find
           enough
           to
           inform
           themselves
           ,
           &
           satisfie
           others
           ,
           that
           they
           are
           not
           ignorant
           of
           any
           thing
           worth
           knowledge
           in
           that
           Country
           .
           Nay
           even
           to
           them
           who
           little
           regard
           the
           History
           or
           Geography
           ,
           devotion
           wil
           render
           it
           acceptable
           ,
           the
           most
           important
           ceremonies
           of
           the
           Roman
           Church
           being
           briefly
           discours'd
           ,
           and
           exposed
           to
           the
           different
           censures
           of
           those
           that
           read
           them
           with
           scorn
           or
           reverence
           .
           If
           there
           are
           any
           in
           the
           number
           of
           Readers
           who
           believe
           themselves
           unconcerned
           in
           all
           that
           is
           hitherto
           offred
           ,
           there
           yet
           remains
           for
           them
           sufficient
           entertainment
           ,
           in
           the
           magnificent
           buildings
           ,
           elegant
           Gardens
           ,
           Statues
           ,
           Embosments
           ,
           Paintings
           of
           all
           sorts
           ,
           and
           in
           every
           sort
           more
           excellent
           then
           all
           the
           other
           parts
           of
           Europe
           pretend
           unto
           .
           Hence
           did
           the
           barbarous
           
             Britains
             ,
             Gauls
             ,
             
             Germans
             ,
             &c.
          
           derive
           their
           first
           civility
           ,
           and
           hence
           in
           all
           succeeding
           ages
           received
           their
           best
           supply
           .
           Who
           in
           these
           nations
           less
           barbarous
           then
           their
           Ancestors
           ,
           can
           think
           of
           that
           Country
           without
           reverēce
           ?
           who
           can
           peevishly
           resolve
           to
           be
           ignorant
           of
           their
           story
           by
           refusing
           this
           Treatise
           ?
           though
           I
           confess
           the
           Originals
           whence
           this
           Gentleman
           derives
           it
           ,
           are
           not
           without
           manifold
           errors
           by
           the
           translation
           of
           Greek
           and
           Latin
           names
           into
           Italian
           ,
           and
           extreme
           negligenee
           in
           the
           impressions
           ,
           so
           that
           the
           english
           version
           wants
           a
           double
           Apologie
           ,
           whilst
           it
           oft-times
           follows
           those
           mistakes
           ,
           and
           is
           in
           the
           phrase
           far
           from
           the
           perfection
           it
           had
           appear'd
           in
           ,
           had
           our
           Translator
           intended
           it
           for
           publique
           view
           .
           Yet
           is
           there
           no
           real
           lapse
           in
           the
           main
           ,
           &
           every
           where
           intelligible
           :
           the
           faults
           of
           the
           press
           are
           as
           carefully
           corrected
           as
           the
           Printers
           imporunate
           hast
           will
           permit
           .
           And
           whatever
           imperfections
           the
           curious
           Readershall
           after
           these
           reasonable
           excuses
           discover
           ,
           it
           is
           to
           be
           hoped
           he
           will
           gently
           pardon
           ,
           or
           vouchsafe
           to
           the
           Book-seller
           somthing
           of
           his
           own
           more
           excellent
           then
           what
           he
           now
           recommends
           to
           the
           Nobility
           ,
           Gentry
           ,
           and
           Merchants
           of
           the
           Nation
           .
        
         
           
             Farewell
             .
          
        
      
       
         
         
           
             A
             TABLE
             OF
             THE
             FIRST
             PART
          
           
             
               A
            
             
               ANcona
               .
               125
            
             
               Arezzo
               .
               100
            
          
           
             
               B
            
             
               BAssano
               .
               3
            
             
               Brescia
               56
            
             
               Bergamo
               60
            
             
               Bologna
               87
            
             
               Bresigella
               .
               106
            
             
               Brittonor●…
               .
               119
            
          
           
             
               C
            
             
               Crema
               .
               62
            
             
               Como
               ,
               75
            
             
               Cotignola
               .
               105
            
             
               Cremona
               107
            
             
               Chioza
               113
            
             
               Cervia
               .
               118
            
             
               Cesena
               .
               120
            
          
           
             
               F
            
             
               Florence
               .
               93
            
             
               Faenza
               .
               106
            
             
               Ferrara
               .
               111
            
             
               Forli
               .
               118
            
             
               Forlimpopoli
               .
               180
            
             
               Fano
               123
            
             
               Fossumbruno
               .
               124
            
             
               Foligno
               .
               131
            
          
           
             
               G
            
             
               GEnoua
               .
               138
            
          
           
             
               I
            
             
               IMola
               .
               105
            
          
           
             
               L
            
             
               LOreto
               127
            
             
               Lodi
               .
               80
            
             
               Lake
               Garda
               .
               55
            
             
               Lu●…ca
               .
               135
            
          
           
             
               M
            
             
               MArostica
               .
               4
            
             
               Milan
               .
               64
            
             
               Modena
               .
               85
            
             
               Mautoua
               .
               109
            
             
               Macerata
               .
               131
            
          
           
             
               N
            
             
               NOcera
               .
               124
            
             
               Narni
               .
               133
            
          
           
             
               P
            
             
               PAdoua
               .
               17
            
             
               Pavia
               .
               77
            
             
               Piacenza
               .
               81
            
             
               Parma
               .
               82
            
             
               Pistoia
               .
               99
            
             
               Pisa.
               99
            
             
               Pesaro
               .
               122
            
          
           
             
               R
            
             
               REggio
               .
               84
            
             
               Ravenna
               .
               114
            
             
               Rimini
               .
               121
            
             
               Recanati
               .
               130
            
          
           
             
               S
            
             
               SCarperia
               .
               98
            
             
               Sienna
               .
               101
            
             
               Sarfina
               .
               120
            
             
               Spoleto
               .
               132
            
          
           
             
               T
            
             
               TReviso
               .
               5
            
             
               Trente
               .
               1
            
             
               Terni
               .
               133
            
             
               Territory
               of
               Verona
               .
               53
            
          
           
             
             
               V
            
             
               VEnice
               .
               6
            
             
               Vicenza
               .
               39
            
             
               Verona
               .
               49
            
             
               Valleys
               of
               Brescia
               .
               58
            
          
           
             
               Voyages
               or
               Journeys
               .
            
             
               FRom
               Trent
               to
               Venice
               .
               1
            
             
               From
               Milan
               to
               Pavia
               .
               76
            
             
               From
               Brescia
               to
               Milan
               .
               59
            
             
               From
               Milan
               to
               Bologna
               ,
               by
               the
               Via
               Emilia
               to
               Florence
               and
               Rome
               .
               79
            
             
               From
               Bologna
               to
               Florence
               Sienna
               and
               Rome
               .
               93
            
             
               From
               Milan
               ,
               to
               Cremona
               ,
               Mantoua
               ,
               Fer
               rara
               and
               Rimini
               .
               107
            
             
               From
               Ferrara
               to
               Venice
               .
               113
            
             
               From
               Ferrara
               to
               Ravenna
               and
               Rimini
               .
               113
            
             
               From
               Fano
               to
               Fuligno
               by
               the
               Via
               Emilia
               .
               124
            
             
               From
               Fano
               to
               Fuligno
               and
               Rome
               .
               125
            
          
        
         
           
             THE
             SECOND
             PART
             contains
             the
             Description
             of
             ROME
             :
          
        
         
           
             THE
             TABLE
             OF
             THE
             THIRD
             PART
             .
          
           
             
               A
            
             
               Aversa
               .
               259
            
             
               Attella
               de
               gli
               Osci
               .
               260
            
             
               Lake
               Avernus
               .
               297
            
          
           
             
               B
            
             
               BAia
               .
               295
            
          
           
             
               C
            
             
               CApua
               .
               257
            
             
               Cuma
               .
               299
            
             
               Catana
               .
               323
            
          
           
             
               F
            
             
               FOndi
               .
               251
            
             
               Formia
               .
               303
            
          
           
             
               G
            
             
               GAeta
               .
               252
            
          
           
             
               L
            
             
               LInterno
               301
            
          
           
             
               M
            
             
               MOnte
               Vesuvio
               .
               268
            
             
               Messina
               .
               321
            
             
               Minturne
               .
               302
            
             
               Malta
               .
               327
            
          
           
             
               N
            
             
               NAples
               .
               260
            
          
           
             
               P
            
             
               POzzuolo
               .
               279
            
             
               Port
               of
               Pozzuolo
               .
               285
            
             
               Promontory
               of
               Miseno
               .
               291
            
             
               Palaces
               of
               the
               Romans
               .
               291
            
             
               Pelestina
               .
               306
            
             
               Palermo
               .
               323
            
          
           
             
               S
            
             
               SUessa
               .
               256
            
             
               Sicilia
               .
               318
            
             
               Syracusa
               .
               323
            
             
               Synope
               or
               Sinvessa
               .
               301
            
          
           
             
               T
            
             
               TErracina
               .
               249
            
             
               Tivoli
               .
               309
            
          
           
             
               V
            
             
               Voyage
               from
               Naples
               to
               Pozzuolo
               and
               return
               to
               Tivoli
               .
               247
            
             
               Villa
               Academica
               Tullii
               Ciceronis
               .
               293
            
             
               Velletri
               .
               305
            
          
        
      
       
         
         
           THE
           POSTS
           and
           STAGES
           TO
           divers
           Parts
           of
           ITALY
           .
        
         
           
             
               Posts
               from
               Rome
               to
               Naples
               .
            
             
               
                 The
                 City
                 Rome
                 .
              
               
                 Posts
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 the
                 Tower
                 Mezza
                 Via
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Marino
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 the
                 City
                 Velletri
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Cisterna
                 where
                 pass
                 the
                 River
                 Astura
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Sarmonetta
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Casa
                 Nova
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Badia
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Fondi
                 .
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Molla
                 behind
                 Marina
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Garigliano
                 where
                 you
                 ferry
                 over
                 the
                 River
                 Garigliano
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 the
                 Bagni
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 the
                 Castle
                 Castello
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 There
                 pass
                 the
                 River
                 Volturnus
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Patria
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Pozzuolo
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Naples
                 a
                 most
                 famous
                 City
                 and
                 fair
                 Port
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                  
              
               
                 
                   Posts
                   16
                
              
            
          
           
             
               Posts
               from
               
                 Naples
                 to
                 Messina
              
               .
            
             
               
                 The
                 City
                 Naples
                 .
              
               
                  
              
            
             
               
                 Near
                 whereto
                 pass
                 asmall
              
               
                  
              
            
             
               
                 Rivolett
                 —
              
               
                  
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 the
                 Torre
                 del
                 Greco
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Barbazona
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 There
                 pass
                 the
                 River
                 Sali
                 .
              
               
                  
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 the
                 City
                 Salerni
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Taverna
                 pinta
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Rivole
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 the
                 Duchessa
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 the
                 Castle
                 Gole●…ta
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Sala
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Casal
                 Novo
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 Near
                 whereto
                 pass
                 the
                 River
                 Molfe
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Rovere
                 Negra
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Alpicia
                 ,
              
               
                 2
              
            
             
               
                 Pass
                 the
                 River
                 Lavo
                 ,
              
               
                  
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Castelluccia
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Val
                 S.
                 Martino
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 the
                 Town
                 Castro
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Esaro
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Regina
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 Pass
                 the
                 River
                 Busento
                 ,
                 to
                 the
                 City
                 Cosenza
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Caprosedo
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Martorano
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 Pass
                 a
                 small
                 River
                 ,
              
               
                  
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 San
                 Biasio
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Aqua
                 della
                 Fica
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Montelione
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 S.
                 Pietro
                 a
                 Burghe
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Rosa
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Sant
                 '
                 Anna
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 Pass
                 the
                 River
                 Mettauro
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Fonego
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Fumarade
                 Mori
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 Here
                 embarque
                 on
                 the
                 River
                 Farto
                 ,
                 for
                 eight
                 miles
                 and
                 four
                 afterwards
                 by
                 Land
                 ,
              
               
                 2
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Messina
                 a
                 City
                 and
                 fair
                 Port
                 ,
              
               
                  
              
            
             
               
                  
              
               
                 
                   Posts
                   36.
                
                 
              
            
          
           
             
               Posts
               from
               Messina
               to
               Palermo
               .
            
             
               
                 FRom
                 the
                 said
                 City
                 Messina
                 to
                 Palermo
                 ,
                 there
                 are
                 not
                 fixed
                 posts
                 from
                 place
                 to
                 place
                 as
                 above
                 named
                 ,
                 but
                 provide
                 and
                 hire
                 Mules
                 from
                 Messina
                 ,
                 there
                 to
                 be
                 found
                 for
                 that
                 service
                 ,
                 accustomed
                 to
                 pass
                 over
                 those
                 Mountains
                 both
                 speedily
                 and
                 securely
                 ;
                 this
                 journey
                 is
                 180
                 Miles
                 ;
                 wherfore
                 (
                 with
                 the
                 greatest
                 diligence
                 )
                 it
                 cannot
                 be
                 attained
                 in
                 less
                 then
                 two
                 daies
                 and
                 a
                 half
                 :
                 which
                 voyage
                 when
                 any
                 Messenger
                 or
                 other
                 person
                 is
                 obliged
                 to
                 expedite
                 ,
                 they
                 pay
                 for
                 the
                 said
                 Mules
                 as
                 for
                 twenty
                 Posts
              
               
                 P.
                 20
              
            
             
               
                 This
                 journey
                 leads
                 over
                 several
                 Mountains
                 ,
                 particularly
                 ,
                 
                   Namari
                   ,
                   AErei
                
                 ,
                 and
                 Mondon
                 .
              
               
                  
              
            
             
               
                 And
                 obligeth
                 the
                 passing
                 of
                 several
                 Rivers
                 ,
                 the
                 chief
                 whereof
                 are
                 ,
                 
                   Castriregali
                   ,
                   Oliverio
                   ,
                   Trajano
                   ,
                   Furiano
                   ,
                   Salus
                   ,
                
                 and
                 Termini
                 ,
              
               
                  
              
            
             
               
                  
              
               
                 P.
                 20.
                 
              
            
          
           
             
               Posts
               from
               
                 Naples
                 to
                 Lezze
              
               by
               Puglia
               ,
               and
               the
               Province
               of
               Ottranto
               .
            
             
               
                 The
                 City
                 Naples
                 .
              
               
                 Posts
              
            
             
               
                 TO
                 Marigliano
                 ,
              
               
                 2
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Cardenale
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Anellino
                 a
                 City
                 and
                 Principality
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Adente
                 cante
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Poracutio
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Ascoli
                 ,
                 a
                 City
                 and
                 Principality
                 ,
              
               
                 2
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Acquaviva
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 Traverse
                 the
                 Apenine
                 Hills
                 .
              
               
                  
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 the
                 house
                 of
                 the
                 Count
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Cirignola
                 ,
              
               
                 2
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Canossa
                 ,
              
               
                 2
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Udria
                 ,
              
               
                 2
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Ricco
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Bisonto
                 ;
              
               
                 2
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Caporto
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Conversono
                 ,
              
               
                 2
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Monopoli
                 ,
                 a
                 City
                 on
                 the
                 coasts
                 of
                 the
                 Adriatick
                 Sea
                 ,
              
               
                 2
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Fagliano
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Astone
              
               
                 2
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Sant
                 Anna
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Busveglia
              
               
                 1.
                 
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 San
                 Pietro
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Lezze
                 a
                 City
                 of
                 Puglia
                 :
                 Thence
                 to
                 Ottranto
                 are
                 24
                 
                 miles
                 ,
                 reputed
                 and
                 payed
                 for
                 posts
                 ,
              
               
                 3
              
            
             
               
                  
              
               
                 
                   Posts
                   33.
                
                 
              
            
          
           
             
               Posts
               from
               Rome
               to
               
                 Na
                 ples
              
               ,
               by
               the
               
                 Valmone
                 and
                 the
                 Aglieri
              
               .
            
             
               
                 The
                 City
                 Rome
                 .
              
               
                 Posts
              
            
             
               
                 TO
                 the
                 Torre
                 MezzaVia
                 .
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 the
                 Cava
                 del
                 '
                 Aglieri
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Volmontone
              
               
                 2
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Castel
                 Matteo
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Florentino
                 Castello
                 ,
              
               
                 2
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Torci
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Crepano
                 ,
              
               
                 2
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Ponte
                 Carvo
                 ,
                 where
                 passe
                 the
                 River
                 Garigliano
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 the
                 Frate
                 Villa
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Carigliano
                 ,
              
               
                 2
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Bagni
                 ,
              
               
                 2
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Castel
                 Castello
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 Pass
                 the
                 Riuer
                 Volturno
              
               
                  
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Patria
                 and
                 Pozzuolo
                 ,
              
               
                 3
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Naples
                 ▪
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                  
              
               
                 
                   Posts
                   21.
                
                 
              
            
          
           
             
               Posts
               from
               Rome
               to
               the
               holy
               house
               of
               Loreto
               .
            
             
               
                 The
                 City
                 Rome
                 .
              
               
                 Posts
              
            
             
               
                 TO
                 Prima
                 Porta
                 ,
                 M.
                 7
                 P.
                 
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 the
                 Castle
                 Nova
                 Castello
                 ,
              
               
                  
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Rignano
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 Passe
                 the
                 Tyber
                 ,
              
               
                  
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 the
                 City
                 Cività
                 Castellana
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 Passe
                 the
                 Tyber
                 ,
              
               
                  
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Ottiricoli
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Narni
                 ,
                 a
                 City
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 Repasse
                 the
                 Tyber
              
               
                  
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 the
                 City
                 Terni
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Strettura
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 the
                 City
                 Spoleto
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Passo
                 di
                 Spoleti
                 ,
              
               
                 2
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Varchiano
                 ,
              
               
                 2
              
            
             
               
                 Pass
                 the
                 River
                 Trent
                 in
                 the
                 plain
                 of
                 Dignano
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 the
                 Mutia
                 Castello
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Valcimara
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 the
                 City
                 Tolentino
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 the
                 City
                 Macerata
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 Here
                 pass
                 the
                 Riveo
                 Patenza
                 and
                 go
                 to
                 Recanati
                 ,
                 whence
                 to
                 Loreto
                 is
                 ,
              
               
                 
                   post
                   1
                
              
            
             
               
                  
              
               
                 
                   Posts
                   19.
                
                 
              
            
          
           
             
               Posts
               from
               
                 Loreto
                 to
                 Ancona
              
               .
            
             
               
                 The
                 City
                 Loreto
                 .
              
               
                 posts
              
            
             
               
                 TO
                 the
                 City
                 Recanati
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 passe
                 the
                 River
                 to
                 the
                 City
                 Osmi
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Ancona
                 a
                 City
                 &
                 Seaport
              
               
                 1.
                 
              
            
             
               
                  
              
               
                 
                   Posts
                   3
                
              
            
          
           
             
               Posts
               from
               
                 Rome
                 to
                 Florence
              
               by
               the
               way
               of
               Valdarno
               ,
               and
               Orvieto
               .
            
             
               
                 The
                 City
                 Rome
                 ,
              
               
                 posts
              
            
             
               
                 TO
                 the
                 Isola
                 Storta
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Ba●…ano
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 M●…nterosa
                 :
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 Where
                 ends
                 the
                 Ecclesiatical
                 State
              
               
                  
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Ronciglione
                 a
                 Castle
                 ,
                 return
                 into
                 the
                 state
                 of
                 the
                 Holy
                 Church
                 .
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 the
                 City
                 Viterbo
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 the
                 City
                 Monte
                 Fiascon
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Gapafrica
                 ▪
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Nona
                 under
                 Orvieto
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Ponte
                 Carnaiolo
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Castel
                 della
                 Pievi
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Castigliori
                 de
                 Laco
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Lorsaia
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Castillon
                 Artino
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Bastardo
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Ponte
                 alle
                 vane
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Fighino
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Treghi
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Florence
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                  
              
               
                 
                   posts
                   18.
                
                 
              
            
          
           
             
               Posts
               from
               
                 Florence
                 to
                 Lucca
              
            
             
               
                 The
                 City
                 Florence
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 PAss
                 the
                 River
                 Bisenzi
                 To
                 Poggio
                 Cajano
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 pass
                 the
                 Ombrone
                 to
                 the
                 City
                 Pistoia
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 pass
                 the
                 River
                 Pescia
                 to
                 Borgo
                 Bogia
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 the
                 City
                 Lucca
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                  
              
               
                 
                   Posts
                   4.
                
                 
              
            
          
           
             
               Posts
               from
               Milan
               to
               Venice
               by
               the
               way
               of
               Brescia
               and
               Bergamo
               ,
            
             
               
                 §
                 .
                 The
                 City
                 Milan
                 ,
              
               
                  
              
            
             
               
                 pass
                 the
                 River
                 Lambro
                 to
                 the
                 Cassinadi
                 Pecchi
                 ,
              
               
                  
              
            
             
               
                 pass
                 the
                 Navilio
                 ,
                 to
                 the
                 Canonica
                 Where
                 pass
                 the
                 River
                 Adda
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 At
                 two
                 miles
                 distance
                 from
                 whence
                 begins
                 the
                 Venetians
                 Dominion
              
               
                  
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 the
                 City
                 Bergamo
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 pass
                 the
                 Rivers
                 Serio
                 and
                 Oglio
                 ,
                 to
                 Palazznolo
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Ospedaletto
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 pass
                 the
                 river
                 Mel
                 to
                 Brescia
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 pass
                 the
                 rivers
                 Naviletto
                 and
                 Chies
                 .
                 To
                 Desensano
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Ponte
                 di
                 .
                 S.
                 Marco
                 ,
                 where
                 pass
                 the
                 River
                 Menze
                 .
                 To
                 Castle
                 Nuovo
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 the
                 City
                 Verona
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 Here
                 pass
                 the
                 Adice
                 to
                 Scaldere
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 pass
                 the
                 River
                 Agno
                 to
                 Montebello
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 the
                 City
                 Vicenza
                 ,
                 and
                 pass
                 the
                 River
                 Bacchiglione
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 the
                 City
                 Padoua
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 There
                 pass
                 the
                 River
                 Brenta
                 To
                 Lizafusina
                 ,
              
               
                 2
              
            
             
               
                 Where
                 imbarking
                 after
                 five
                 miles
                 on
                 the
                 Sea
                 you
                 arrive
                 at
                 Venice
                 .
              
               
                 
                   post
                   1
                
              
            
             
               
                  
              
               
                 
                   Posts
                   18.
                
                 
              
            
          
           
             
               Posts
               from
               
                 Milan
                 to
                 Udine
              
               in
               Friuli
               .
            
             
               
                 The
                 City
                 Milan
                 .
              
               
                  
              
            
             
               
                 TO
                 Cassina
                 di
                 pecchi
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Canonica
                 where
                 pass
                 the
                 River
                 Adda
                 .
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 aud
                 there
                 you
                 leave
                 the
                 Milanese
                 Territory
                 and
                 enter
                 the
                 Venetians
                 .
              
               
                  
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 the
                 City
                 Bergamo
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 Pass
                 the
                 Rivers
                 Serio
                 and
                 Oglio
                 to
                 Palazuolo
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Hospedaletto
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 Pass
                 the
                 River
                 Mel
                 to
                 the
                 City
                 Brescia
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 Pass
                 the
                 Naulietto
                 and
                 then
                 Chies
                 ,
                 to
                 Desensano
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Ponte
                 S.
                 Marco
                 pass
                 the
                 Menzo
                 .
                 To
                 Castel
                 Novo
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Verona
                 where
                 pass
                 the
                 Adice
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Scaldere
                 :
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 Pass
                 the
                 river
                 Agno
                 to
                 Monte
                 bello
                 :
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 the
                 City
                 Vicenza
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 There
                 pass
                 the
                 Bacchiglione
                 and
                 the
                 rivers
                 Tesena
                 and
                 Brenta
                 to
                 Citta
                 Della
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 At
                 Castel
                 Franco
                 pass
                 the
                 M●…ton
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 Pass
                 the
                 rivers
                 Piave
                 and
                 Mondegan
                 to
                 Uderzo
              
               
                 4
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Motta
                 where
                 pass
                 the
                 Livenza
                 to
                 San
                 Vito
                 ,
              
               
                 2
              
            
             
               
                 
                 To
                 Codroipo
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 Pass
                 the
                 River
                 Torre
                 .
                 To
                 Udine
                 the
                 chief
                 City
                 of
                 the
                 Friuli
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                  
              
               
                 
                   Posts
                   23.
                
                 
              
            
          
           
             
               Posts
               from
               Milan
               to
               Brescia
               .
            
             
               
                 The
                 City
                 Milan
                 .
              
               
                  
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Cassina
                 Bianca
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 the
                 Castle
                 Cassano
                 :
                 where
                 pass
                 the
                 River
                 Adda
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Martinengo
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Coccai
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 the
                 City
                 Brescia
                 :
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                  
              
               
                 
                   Posts
                   5
                
              
            
          
           
             
               Another
               way
               from
               Mlian
               to
               Brescia
               ,
               where
               heretofore
               the
               Posts
               were
               layed
               now
               not
            
             
               
                 The
                 City
                 Milan
              
               
                 Posts
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Cassina
                 Bianca
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 the
                 Castle
                 Cassano
                 pass
                 the
                 River
                 Adda
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 Pass
                 the
                 River
                 Serio
                 .
                 To
                 Martinengo
                 ,
                 there
                 pass
                 the
                 Oglio
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Cocci
                 ,
                 a
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 the
                 Cyit
                 Brescia
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                  
              
               
                 
                   Posts
                   5.
                
                 
              
            
          
           
             
               Posts
               from
               Mian
               to
               Venice
               by
               the
               way
               of
               Cremona
               and
               Mantoua
               .
            
             
               
                 The
                 City
                 Milan
                 .
              
               
                  
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Meregnano
                 ,
                 pass
                 the
                 River
                 Lambro
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 Pass
                 also
                 the
                 River
                 Muzza
                 to
                 the
                 City
                 Lodi
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Zorlesco
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Pizighitone
                 there
                 pass
                 the
                 Rever
                 Adda
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 the
                 City
                 Cremona
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 La
                 Plebe
                 di
                 san
                 Giacomo
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Voltino
                 the
                 last
                 post
                 of
                 the
                 Milanese
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 Enter
                 the
                 Mantouan
                 Territory
                 ,
                 and
                 pass
                 the
                 river
                 Oglio
                 To
                 Marcaria
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Castelluc●…io
                 ▪
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 the
                 City
                 Mantoua
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 Here
                 you
                 pass
                 the
                 Lake
                 over
                 Bridges
                 pass
                 the
                 River
                 Teyone
                 To
                 Castellaro
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 pass
                 the
                 River
                 Tartaro
                 To
                 Langoneo
                 in
                 the
                 Verenian
                 Territory
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 pass
                 the
                 River
                 Daniella
                 and
                 at
                 Legnano
                 ,
                 the
                 Casteludes
                 to
                 Bevilacqua
                 :
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 At
                 Montagnana
                 ,
                 pass
                 the
                 River
                 Lagno
                 to
                 Este
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 the
                 City
                 Padoua
                 ,
                 whether
                 a
                 conveyance
                 lies
                 also
                 by
                 water
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Lizafuzina
                 ,
                 one
                 may
                 go
                 by
                 water
                 ,
              
               
                 2
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 the
                 City
                 Venice
                 by
                 water
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                  
              
               
                 
                   posts
                   18
                
              
            
          
           
             
               Posts
               from
               
                 Milan
                 to
                 Ferrara
              
            
             
               
                 KEep
                 the
                 foregoing
                 posts
                 from
                 Milan
                 to
                 Mantoua
                 ,
                 which
                 are
                 ,
              
               
                 10
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Governolo
                 ,
                 where
                 the
                 Mens
                 issues
                 out
                 of
                 the
                 Lake
                 of
                 Mantoua
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Hostia
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Massa
                 of
                 the
                 holy
                 Church
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Palantone
                 ,
                 there
                 pass
                 the
                 Poe
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Ferrara
                 there
                 repass
                 the
                 Po
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                  
              
               
                 
                   posts
                   15.
                
                 
              
            
          
           
             
               Posts
               from
               
                 Ravenna
                 to
                 Ferrara
              
            
             
               
                 the
                 City
                 
                   Ravenne
                   to
                   Fusignano
                
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 the
                 Casa
                 deCoppi
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Argento
                 pass
                 the
                 Po
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 San
                 Nicolo
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 the
                 City
                 Ferrara
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                  
              
               
                 
                   posts
                   5.
                
                 
              
            
          
           
             
               Posts
               from
               
                 Ferrara
                 to
                 Bolognia
              
               .
            
             
               
                 The
                 City
                 Ferrara
                 ,
              
               
                  
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Poggio
                 ,
              
               
                 ●…
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 San
                 Piero
                 in
                 Casale
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Fun
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 Xo
                 the
                 City
                 Bologna
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                  
              
               
                 
                   posts
                   ●…
                
              
            
          
           
             
               Posts
               from
               Milan
               to
               Ferrara
               by
               Parma
               .
            
             
               
                 The
                 City
                 Milan
                 .
              
               
                  
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Meregnano
                 :
                 pass
                 the
                 Lambro
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 the
                 City
                 Lo●…i
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Zolesco
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 Leaving
                 the
                 Milanese
                 territory
                 and
                 entring
                 that
                 of
                 Placentia
                 .
                 To
                 Fombi
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 the
                 City
                 Piacenza
                 pass
                 the
                 Po
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 Pass
                 the
                 Rivers
                 Nuro
                 and
                 Reilo
                 Arta
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 At
                 Fiorenzuola
                 pass
                 a
                 rivolet
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 the
                 Borgue
                 San
                 Donino
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 Pass
                 the
                 Tarro
                 then
                 the
                 Parma
                 Rivers
                 .
                 To
                 the
                 City
                 Parma
                 ,
              
               
                 2
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Sant
                 '
                 Ilario
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 Pass
                 she
                 River
                 Lenza
                 where
                 the
                 Territory
                 of
                 Parma
                 ends
                 and
                 that
                 of
                 Modena
                 begins
                 .
              
               
                  
              
            
             
               
                 ●…o
                 the
                 City
                 Reggio
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 Pass
                 the
                 Rivers
                 Castrola
                 and
                 Secchia
                 .
                 To
                 Marzaia
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 the
                 City
                 Modena
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Bon
                 Porto
                 pass
                 the
                 Secchia
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Vo
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Bonizo
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Finale
                 pass
                 the
                 River
                 Castrola
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Bondinello
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 Pass
                 the
                 river
                 Reno
                 ,
                 then
                 the
                 Po
                 to
                 the
                 City
                 Ferrara
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                  
              
               
                 
                   posts
                   20
                
              
            
          
           
             
               Posts
               from
               Milan
               to
               Bolonia
               ,
               by
               the
               shortest
               way
               .
            
             
               
                 §
              
               
                 posts
              
            
             
               
                 Keep
                 the
                 above
                 written
                 way
                 from
                 Milan
                 to
                 Modena
              
               
                 14
              
            
             
               
                 Then
                 pass
                 the
                 river
                 Panara
                 ,
                 where
                 you
                 quit
                 the
                 Territor●…
                 of
                 Modena
                 ,
                 and
                 enter
                 that
                 of
                 Bolonia
                 ,
                 pass
                 the
                 Imola
                 .
                 To
                 Sumoggia
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 Pass
                 the
                 rivers
                 Canto
                 and
                 Reno
                 to
                 Bolonia
                 a
                 fair
                 City
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                  
              
               
                 
                   posts
                   16.
                
                 
              
            
          
           
             
               Posts
               from
               Bolonia
               to
               Rome
               by
               the
               way
               of
               Florence
               .
            
             
               
                 The
                 City
                 Bol●…gna
              
               
                  
              
            
             
               
                 PAss
                 over
                 the
                 Bridge
                 and
                 afterwards
                 to
                 Guazzo
                 pass
                 the
                 River
                 Savona
                 .
              
               
                  
              
            
             
               
                 ●…o
                 Pianoro
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 Here
                 begin
                 the
                 Apenine
                 Hills
                 ▪
              
               
                  
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Loiano
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 Here
                 you
                 determine
                 the
                 Territory
                 of
                 Bolonia
                 ,
                 and
                 Florentine
                 begins
                 .
                 To
                 ●…elagaia
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Fiorenzuola
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Zovo
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 Pass
                 the
                 River
                 Sien●…
                 .
                 To
                 San
                 Pietro
                 a
                 Sieno
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Ucellatoio
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Florence
                 pass
                 the
                 River
                 Arno
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 San
                 Cassiano
                 ▪
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 
                 To
                 Le
                 Tavernelle
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Sagia
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 the
                 City
                 Sienna
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Lucignano
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Tornieri
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 Pass
                 the
                 River
                 Orcia
                 to
                 Scala
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 Pass
                 a
                 rivolet
                 ,
                 and
                 then
                 ascend
                 the
                 Mountains
                 to
                 Radicofani
                 ,
                 a
                 Castle
                 and
                 good
                 Inn
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 At
                 the
                 foot
                 of
                 the
                 Mountains
                 ,
                 pass
                 a
                 Rivolet
                 .
                 To
                 Pontecentino
                 ,
                 there
                 pass
                 a
                 Rivolet
                 troublesome
                 in
                 rainy
                 weather
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 Thence
                 a
                 little
                 pass
                 the
                 Paglia
                 by
                 bridge
                 .
                 To
                 Acqua
                 Pendente
                 of
                 the
                 holy
                 Church
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 the
                 City
                 Bolsena
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 the
                 City
                 Monte
                 fiascone
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 the
                 City
                 Viterbo
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Ronciglione
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Monterossa
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Bacc●…na
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Storta
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 the
                 City
                 Rome
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                  
              
               
                 
                   Posts
                   26.
                
                 
              
            
          
           
             
               Posts
               from
               
                 Fossombrone
                 to
                 Perugia
                 .
                 At
                 Fossombrone
                 pass
                 the
                 River
                 ,
              
            
             
               
                 TO
                 Quaiana
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Cantia
                 pass
                 the
                 hills
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 the
                 City
                 Giubileo
                 ▪
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 the
                 City
                 and
                 university
                 Perugia
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                  
              
               
                 
                   Posts
                   4
                
              
            
          
           
             
               Posts
               from
               Rome
               to
               Venice
               .
            
             
               
                 The
                 City
                 Rome
                 .
              
               
                 posts
              
            
             
               
                 TO
                 Prima
                 Porta
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Castel
                 ,
                 a
                 new
                 Castle
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Rignano
                 pass
                 the
                 Tyber
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Civita
                 Castellana
                 :
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 Repass
                 the
                 Tyber
                 ,
              
               
                  
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Otricoli
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 The
                 City
                 Narny
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 pass
                 the
                 Tyber
                 again
                 to
                 the
                 City
                 Terni
                 ,
                 then
                 to
                 Strettura
                 ,
              
               
                 2
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Prote
                 and
                 to
                 Sant
                 Horatio
              
               
                 2
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Pontecentemsio
                 and
                 the
                 City
                 Nocera
                 ,
              
               
                 2
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Gualdo
                 and
                 to
                 Sigillo
                 ,
              
               
                 2
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Sheggia
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Cantiana
                 &
                 Acqualagna
              
               
                 2
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 the
                 City
                 Urbine
                 ,
                 the
                 state
                 of
                 that
                 Duke
                 and
                 a
                 Sea
                 Port
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Foglia
                 ,
                 &
                 to
                 Monte
                 Fiore
              
               
                 2
              
            
             
               
                 §
                 .
                 To
                 Coriano
                 and
                 to
                 the
                 City
                 Rimini
                 ,
              
               
                 2
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Bellaere
                 and
                 Cesenatico
                 ,
              
               
                 2
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Savio
                 ,
                 and
                 to
                 the
                 City
                 Ravenna
                 ,
              
               
                 2
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Primaro
                 &
                 to
                 Magnavaca
                 ,
              
               
                 3
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Volani
                 ,
              
               
                 2
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Gorro
                 pass
                 there
                 the
                 Po
                 ;
              
               
                 2
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Fornase
                 repass
                 the
                 po
                 ,
              
               
                 2
              
            
             
               
                 pass
                 the
                 River
                 Adice
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 the
                 City
                 Chioza
                 ,
              
               
                 2
              
            
             
               
                 There
                 embarque
                 for
                 Venice
                 ,
              
               
                 3
              
            
             
               
                  
              
               
                 
                   posts
                   40.
                
                 
              
            
          
           
             
               posts
               from
               
                 Rome
                 to
                 Bolonia
                 through
                 the
                 province
                 Romagna
              
            
             
               
                 The
                 City
                 Rome
                 ,
              
               
                  
              
            
             
               
                 §
                 .
                 KEep
                 the
                 same
                 posts
                 as
                 above
                 till
                 arrived
                 at
                 this
                 mark
                 ,
                 that
                 is
                 to
                 the
                 City
                 Rimini
                 ,
              
               
                 21
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Savignano
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 the
                 City
                 Cesena
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 the
                 City
                 Forli
                 :
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 the
                 City
                 Faenza
                 ,
                 pass
                 the
                 river
                 Lamone
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 pass
                 the
                 river
                 Senio
                 to
                 Imola
                 ,
              
               
                  
              
            
             
               
                 pass
                 the
                 River
                 Santerno
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 pass
                 the
                 rivers
                 ,
                 Salerin
                 ,
                 and
                 Giana
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 San
                 Nicolo
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 Pass
                 the
                 rivers
                 Adice
                 and
                 Savona
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                  
              
               
                 
                   posts
                   29.
                
                 
              
            
          
           
             
               Posts
               from
               
                 Rome
                 to
                 Perugia
              
            
             
               
                 THe
                 City
                 ,
                 Rome
                 ,
                 pass
                 the
                 Tyber
                 ,
                 to
                 Prima
                 Porta
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Castel
                 ,
                 novo
                 Castello
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Rignano
                 ,
                 pass
                 the
                 Tyber
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Civita
                 Castellana
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 Pass
                 the
                 Tyber
                 to
                 Ottricoli
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Narni
                 pass
                 the
                 Tyber
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 the
                 City
                 Terni
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Strettura
                 ,
                 and
                 to
                 Proti
                 ,
              
               
                 2
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Sant
                 Horatio
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Santa
                 Maria
                 de
                 gli
                 Angeli
                 ,
              
               
                 2
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Perugia
                 a
                 City
                 and
                 University
                 .
              
               
                  
              
            
             
               
                  
              
               
                 
                   posts
                   12
                
              
            
          
           
             
               Posts
               from
               
                 Perugia
                 to
                 Florence
              
               .
            
             
               
                 The
                 City
                 Perugia
                 .
              
               
                  
              
            
             
               
                 TO
                 Tortè
                 ,
                 and
                 Orsaia
                 ,
              
               
                 2
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Castello
                 Nartino
                 ,
                 and
                 to
                 Bastardo
                 ,
              
               
                 2
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Ponte
                 allè
                 Valle
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Fichini
                 ,
                 and
                 to
                 Treghi
                 ,
              
               
                 2
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Florence
                 ,
                 passing
                 the
                 Arno
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                  
              
               
                 
                   posts
                   8.
                
                 
              
            
          
           
             
               Posts
               from
               Milan
               to
               Pesaro
               .
            
             
               
                 From
                 Milan
                 ,
                 you
                 must
                 go
                 to
                 Bolonia
                 the
                 way
                 and
                 posts
                 whereto
                 ,
                 you
                 have
                 before
                 ,
              
               
                 16
              
            
             
               
                 pass
                 the
                 rivers
                 Savona
                 and
                 Adice
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 San
                 Nicola
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 pass
                 the
                 river
                 Salerno
                 to
                 Imola
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 pass
                 the
                 river
                 Santerno
                 ,
                 then
                 the
                 Senio
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 In
                 the
                 City
                 Senio
                 pass
                 the
                 Amone
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Forli
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Cesena
                 and
                 then
                 to
                 Sevignano
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 §
                 .
                 To
                 the
                 City
                 Rimini
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Cattolica
                 ,
              
               
                 11
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 the
                 City
                 Pesaro
                 ,
              
               
                 §
                 26
              
            
          
           
             
               posts
               from
               Milano
               to
               Urbino
               .
            
             
               
                 From
                 Milan
                 keep
                 the
                 above
                 written
                 posts
                 to
                 the
                 City
                 Rimini
                 ,
              
               
                 24
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Coriano
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Monte
                 Fiore
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Foglia
                 an
                 Hostery
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 the
                 City
                 Urbine
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                  
              
               
                 
                   posts
                   28
                
              
            
          
           
             
               Posts
               from
               Lucca
               to
               Genoua
            
             
               
                 AT
                 the
                 City
                 Lucca
                 pass
                 the
                 River
                 Serchio
                 A
                 Mazaroso
                 in
                 which
                 stage
                 ,
                 you
                 leave
                 theterritory
                 of
                 Lucca
                 ,
                 entring
                 the
                 Florentine
                 .
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Pietra
                 Santa
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Massa
                 del
                 Principe
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 pass
                 the
                 River
                 Versiglia
                 to
                 §
                 Sarezana
                 ,
                 a
                 City
                 of
                 the
                 state
                 of
                 Genoua
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 pass
                 the
                 River
                 Marca
                 to
                 L●…rci
                 whence
                 you
                 may
                 pass
                 to
                 Genoua
                 by
                 water
                 as
                 well
                 as
                 Land
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 San
                 Simedio
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Borghetto
                 ,
                 and
                 to
                 Manterana
                 :
              
               
                 2
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Biacco
                 and
                 to
                 Sestri
                 ,
              
               
                 2
              
            
             
               
                 At
                 Sestri
                 ,
                 you
                 may
                 imbarque
                 also
                 for
                 Genoua
                 ,
                 being
                 five
                 posts
                 by
                 water
                 but
                 in
                 an
                 ill
                 season
                 pass
                 on
                 by
                 Land.
                 
              
               
                  
              
            
             
               
                 pass
                 the
                 River
                 Lugna
                 .
                 to
                 Chiavara
                 pass
                 the
                 River
                 Sturla
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Repalo
                 and
                 to
                 Recco
              
               
                 2
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Bolignasco
                 ,
                 pass
                 the
                 River
                 Besa●…na
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Genoua
                 a
                 City
                 ,
                 and
                 Sea
                 Port
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                  
              
               
                 
                   posts
                   15
                
              
            
          
           
             
               Posts
               from
               
                 Venice
                 to
                 Genoua
              
               by
               the
               way
               of
               Parma
               .
            
             
               
                 At
                 Venice
                 imbarque
                 for
                 Lizafusina
                 ,
              
               
                 8
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Padoua
                 ,
                 pass
                 the
                 River
                 Brenta
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 
                 A
                 Estè
                 ,
              
               
                 2
              
            
             
               
                 At
                 Mont●…gnana
                 ,
                 pass
                 the
                 River
                 Lagn●…
                 ▪
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Bevilacqna
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 Passe
                 the
                 River
                 Daniello
                 to
                 Sangon●…to
                 Ver●…nese
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 Pass
                 the
                 River
                 Tanaco
                 To
                 Castellaro
                 ,
                 pass
                 the
                 Teyone
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Mantoua
                 ,
                 pass
                 the
                 Mantouan
                 Lake
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Borgo
                 Forte
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Mora
                 ,
                 pass
                 the
                 Po
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Guastallo
                 ,
                 a
                 Principality
                 ,
              
               
                 2
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Borsello
                 ,
                 pass
                 the
                 River
                 Lenza
                 ,
              
               
                 2
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Parma
                 ,
                 pass
                 the
                 River
                 Parma
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Fornonovo
                 ,
                 on
                 the
                 River
                 Parma
                 ,
              
               
                 2
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Borga
                 di
                 val
                 di
                 tarro
                 ,
              
               
                 2
              
            
             
               
                 Pass
                 the
                 Hills
                 ,
                 the
                 Marca
                 ,
                 &
                 the
                 River
                 Pogliasco
                 .
                 To
                 Varasi
                 ,
                 and
                 to
                 Sestri
                 ,
              
               
                 2
              
            
             
               
                 Pass
                 the
                 River
                 Lavagna
                 To
                 Chiavari
                 ,
                 pass
                 the
                 Sturla
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Repalo
                 and
                 to
                 Recco
                 ,
              
               
                 2
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Bolignasco
                 ,
                 pass
                 the
                 Besagna
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Genoua
                 City
                 a
                 Sea
                 Port
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                  
              
               
                 
                   Posts
                   27
                
              
            
          
           
             
               Posts
               from
               
                 Milan
                 to
                 Genoua
              
               .
            
             
               
                 To
                 Binasco
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Pavia
                 a
                 City
                 and
                 Colledge
                 pass
                 the
                 Ticino
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 pass
                 the
                 Rivers
                 ,
                 Gronolone
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Po
                 ,
                 Pancarana
                 ,
                 and
                 to
                 Voghera
                 ,
              
               
                 2
              
            
             
               
                 Pass
                 the
                 Stafora
                 and
                 Curone
                 to
                 the
                 City
                 Tortona
                 ,
                 pass
                 the
                 Scrivia
                 to
                 Bittola
                 ,
              
               
                 2
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Seravalle
                 ,
                 and
                 to
                 Ottagio
                 ,
              
               
                 2
              
            
             
               
                 Ascend
                 the
                 Zovo
                 ,
                 andgo
                 down
                 it
                 .
                 To
                 P●…nte
                 Decimo
                 ,
              
               
                 2
              
            
             
               
                 Pass
                 the
                 River
                 Soseria
                 to
                 Genoua
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                  
              
               
                 
                   posts
                   11
                
              
            
          
           
             
               Posts
               from
               
                 Genoua
                 to
                 Venetia
                 ,
                 by
                 Piacenza
                 and
                 Mantoua
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 The
                 City
                 Genova
                 pass
                 the
                 River
                 Seria
                 To
                 Ponte
                 Decimo
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 Ascend
                 and
                 descend
                 the
                 Zovo
                 To
                 Ottagio
                 ,
              
               
                 2
              
            
             
               
                 Near
                 Gavio
                 pass
                 a
                 small
                 stream
                 To
                 Seravalle
                 ,
                 a
                 Castle
                 of
                 the
                 Milanese
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Betola
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 the
                 City
                 Tortona
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 pass
                 the
                 Stafora
                 to
                 Voghera
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 pass
                 the
                 River
                 Coppa
                 To
                 Schiatezza
                 ,
                 pass
                 the
                 River
                 Versa
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Stradella
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 Here
                 you
                 quit
                 the
                 Territory
                 of
                 Milan
                 ,
                 and
                 enter
                 that
                 of
                 Piacenza
                 to
                 the
                 Castle
                 St.
                 Gioanni
                 :
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 pass
                 the
                 Riuer
                 Tidone
                 ,
                 To
                 Rottofrenoa
                 Castle
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 pass
                 the
                 River
                 Trebia
                 to
                 the
                 City
                 Piacenza
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 pass
                 the
                 Rivers
                 Nuro
                 Relio
                 ,
                 Vezeno
                 ,
                 and
                 Chier
                 all
                 in
                 one
                 stream
                 ,
                 and
                 near
                 Cremona
                 ,
                 pass
                 the
                 River
                 Po
                 ,
                 To
                 Cremona
                 a
                 City
                 of
                 the
                 state
                 of
                 Milan
                 ,
              
               
                 3
              
            
             
               
                 §
                 From
                 Cremona
                 to
                 Venice
                 you
                 will
                 find
                 the
                 posts
                 in
                 the
                 journy
                 from
                 Milan
                 to
                 Venice
                 by
                 Cremona
                 and
                 Mantoua
                 marked
                 as
                 is
                 here
                 marked
                 ,
              
               
                 14
              
            
             
               
                  
              
               
                 
                   Posts
                   29
                
              
            
          
           
             
               posts
               from
               
                 Milan
                 to
                 Guastalla
              
            
             
               
                 The
                 City
                 Milan
                 pass
                 the
                 river
                 Lambro
                 to
                 Merignano
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 the
                 City
                 Lodi
                 ,
                 and
                 to
                 Zorlesco
                 ,
              
               
                 2
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Pizighitone
                 Castello
                 pass
                 the
                 Adda
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 the
                 City
                 Cremona
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 plebe
                 di
                 San
                 Giacomo
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Volti
                 .
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 §
                 .
                 To
                 Casal
                 Maggiore
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Barsello
                 and
                 to
                 Guastallo
                 ,
              
               
                 2
              
            
             
               
                  
              
               
                 
                   posts
                   10
                
              
            
          
           
             
               Posts
               from
               
                 Milan
                 to
                 Corezzo
              
               by
               the
               aforenamed
               way
            
             
               
                 The
                 City
                 Milan
                 .
              
               
                  
              
            
             
               
                 §
                 Take
                 the
                 foregoing
                 posts
                 from
                 Milan
                 to
                 Casal
                 Maggiore
                 ,
                 marked
                 as
                 in
                 this
                 place
                 ,
              
               
                 8
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Bersello
                 pass
                 the
                 Po
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 From
                 Bersella
                 to
                 Corezzo
                 are
                 thirty
                 five
                 miles
                 ,
                 which
                 according
                 to
                 the
                 custome
                 of
                 the
                 Modeneses
                 are
                 divided
                 into
                 4
                 posts
              
               
                  
              
            
             
               
                  
              
               
                 
                   posts
                   13
                
              
            
          
           
             
               posts
               
                 from
                 Milano
                 to
                 Trento
              
               .
            
             
               
                 §
                 The
                 City
                 Milan
              
               
                 posts
              
            
             
               
                 From
                 Milan
                 to
                 Castelnovo
                 the
                 posts
                 are
                 set
                 down
                 in
                 the
                 posts
                 from
                 Milan
                 to
                 Venice
                 ,
                 by
                 Bergamo
                 and
                 Brescia
              
               
                 10
              
            
             
               
                 to
                 Volgarna
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Peri
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Vo
                 ,
              
               
                 1
              
            
             
               
                 pass
                 the
                 River
                 Adice
              
               
                  
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Rovere
                 ,
              
               
                 ●…
              
            
             
               
                 To
                 Trente
                 a
                 City
                 of
                 Italy
                 and
                 Germany
                 ,
              
               
                 2
              
            
             
               
                  
              
               
                 
                   Posts
                   16.
                
                 
              
            
          
           
             
               
                 FRom
                 Brescia
                 to
                 Trento
                 there
                 is
                 another
                 way
                 to
                 wit
                 ,
                 by
                 the
                 Lake
                 Garda
                 ,
                 but
                 the
                 posts
                 are
                 not
                 layed
                 that
                 way
                 nor
                 is
                 the
                 Lake
                 Garda
                 ,
                 at
                 all
                 times
                 passable
                 without
                 danger
                 .
              
               
                  
              
            
          
        
      
       
         
         
           Errata
           .
        
         
           Page
           2.
           l.
           13.
           r.
           the
           Germans
           .
           p.
           10.
           l.
           32.
           r.
           behold
           .
           p.
           12.
           l.
           35.
           r.
           Grisons
           p.
           20.
           li
           9.
           r.
           cattel
           p.
           33.
           l.
           10.
           11.
           r.
           when
           I
           was
           in
           Italy
           in
           honour
           of
           whom
           p.
           38.
           l.
           41.
           r.
           malignity
           if
           ,
           ib.
           l.
           42.
           r.
           i●…
           by
           .
           p.
           46.
           l.
           39.
           r.
           Vicenza
           ,
           p.
           48.
           l.
           41.
           r.
           for
           ,
           p.
           50.
           l.
           48.
           r.
           faith
           ,
           p.
           54.
           l.
           38.
           r.
           likewise
           ,
           p.
           55.
           l.
           25.
           r.
           viscounte
           .
           p.
           59.
           l.
           10.
           for
           sable
           r.
           pretend
           p.
           59.
           l.
           34.
           r.
           Rampar●…s
           p.
           64.
           l.
           31.
           r.
           form
           .
           67.
           l.
           2●…
           .
           r.
           many
           ,
           p.
           72.
           l.
           2.
           r.
           me
           ,
           p.
           75
           ▪
           l.
           7.
           r.
           dele
           re
           a
           ,
           p.
           76.
           l.
           38.
           r
           Lake
           p.
           81.
           l.
           l.
           r.
           as
           p.
           83.
           l.
           26.
           r.
           or
           ,
           p.
           84.
           l.
           3●…
           .
           r.
           such
           as
           have
           ,
           p.
           87.
           l.
           15.
           r.
           by
           for
           be
           ,
           p.
           89
           ,
           l.
           4.
           r.
           tuines
           .
           ●…●…2
           .
           l.
           30.
           r.
           passing
           ,
           p.
           93.
           l.
           36
           r.
           in
           those
           ,
           p.
           98.
           l.
           45.
           r.
           Florence
           .
           p.
           99.
           l.
           6.
           r.
           Ombrosa
           ,
           p.
           ●…39
           .
           l.
           16
           ,
           17.
           r.
           incomparablenesse
           page
           144.
           l.
           32.
           r.
           entire
           .
           p.
           150.
           l.
           1.
           r.
           and
           by
           .
           p.
           163.
           l.
           13.
           r.
           God.
           p.
           163.
           l.
           35.
           
           ●…
           .
           ●…ratorians
           reside
           .
           p.
           ●…65
           .
           l.
           22.
           r.
           P
           allas
           .
           p.
           167.
           l.
           45
           ▪
           r.
           Cardinal
           President
           ,
           p.
           170.
           l.
           4.
           r.
           Martyr
           ,
           i●…
           .
           l.
           43.
           r.
           old
           ●…he
           Temple
           ,
           p.
           174.
           l.
           18.
           r.
           Pliny
           in
           the
           ,
           ib.
           l.
           1
           9.
           dele
           in
           ,
           ib.
           l.
           46
           r.
           time
           .
           p
           ▪
           ●…78
           .
           l.
           ●…3
           .
           r.
           depu●…
           him
           p.
           179.
           l.
           7.
           r.
           carcasses
           ,
           p.
           18●…
           .
           l
           38.
           r.
           diseased
           ,
           p.
           183.
           l.
           4.
           dele
           and
           ,
           p.
           191.
           l.
           31.
           r.
           Tyter
           .
           p.
           p.
           208.
           l.
           39.
           r.
           ran
           into
           the
           ,
           p
           210.
           l
           ,
           18.
           r.
           denominated
           ,
           ib.
           l.
           32.
           r.
           Palme
           ,
           p.
           235.
           l.
           47.
           r.
           Salutation
           ,
           p.
           236.
           l.
           25.
           r.
           1465.
           p.
           292
           l
           ,
           17.
           r.
           same
           ,
           ib.
           l.
           19.
           r.
           Tully
           ,
           p.
           245.
           l.
           18.
           r.
           bring
           ,
           p.
           248.
           l.
           10
           ,
           11.
           r.
           Artemisio
           .
        
         
      
    
     
       
         
           
           
           
             
          
        
         
         
         
           
             THE
             HISTORY
             OF
             ITALY
             ,
             BEING
             An
             exact
             Description
             of
             all
             the
             Cities
             ,
             Towns
             ,
             Castles
             ,
             and
             Villages
             of
             ITALY
             ,
             with
             the
             most
             remarkable
             particulars
             in
             each
             of
             them
             .
          
           
             The
             first
             PART
             .
          
           
             
               Wherein
               is
               conteined
               the
               Journeys
               ,
               or
               Voyages
               ,
               from
               Trent
               to
               Venice
               ,
               from
               Venice
               to
               Milan
               ,
               from
               Milan
               to
               Rome
               .
            
          
           
             
               The
               way
               from
               Trent
               to
               Venice
               .
            
             
               TRento
               ,
               or
               Trent
               ,
               is
               a
               City
               of
               the
               Province
               of
               
                 Marca
                 Trivigiana
              
               ,
               or
               Marquisate
               of
               Treves
               ,
               and
               is
               seated
               in
               a
               Valley
               on
               the
               confines
               of
               the
               said
               Province
               .
               It
               hath
               Walls
               round
               it
               ,
               which
               are
               about
               the
               compass
               of
               a
               mile
               ,
               and
               are
               washed
               by
               the
               River
               Ladice
               towards
               the
               North
               ;
               Large
               and
               Fair
               Streets
               ,
               paved
               with
               Flint-stones
               ,
               and
               stately
               Houses
               .
               Its
               Churches
               are
               very
               beautiful
               ,
               though
               not
               large
               .
               There
               is
               one
               most
               sumptuous
               ,
               and
               Royal
               Palace
               ,
               which
               was
               lately
               restored
               by
               
                 Bernardo
                 Clessio
              
               ,
               Bishop
               of
               the
               said
               City
               .
               Towards
               the
               East
               part
               thereof
               enters
               a
               little
               River
               ,
               upon
               which
               are
               raised
               many
               edifices
               ,
               to
               work
               Silks
               in
               ,
               as
               also
               to
               grind
               Corn
               ;
               and
               from
               the
               said
               little
               River
               are
               brought
               many
               Rivolets
               ,
               which
               run
               along
               the
               Streets
               ,
               and
               into
               the
               Houses
               of
               the
               Citizens
               .
               Without
               the
               Gate
               called
               
               Saint
               Lorenzo
               ,
               upon
               the
               Ladice
               ,
               there
               is
               a
               magnificent
               Bridge
               ,
               of
               one
               hundred
               forty
               &
               six
               paces
               in
               length
               (
               but
               of
               Wood
               )
               which
               conjoyns
               the
               Ladice
               with
               the
               other
               little
               River
               .
               The
               surrounding
               Mountains
               by
               ,
               being
               continually
               covered
               with
               Snow
               ,
               precipitous
               ,
               and
               so
               high
               that
               the
               heads
               thereof
               seem
               to
               touch
               the
               heavens
               ,
               are
               rendred
               inaccessable
               .
               Between
               these
               Mountains
               ,
               are
               two
               wayes
               ,
               the
               one
               goes
               towards
               the
               North
               ,
               the
               other
               towards
               Verona
               .
               It
               hath
               but
               little
               Champaign
               ,
               or
               Fields
               ,
               but
               those
               are
               pleasant
               and
               Rich
               ,
               planted
               with
               Vines
               ,
               and
               fruitful
               Trees
               ,
               amidst
               which
               passeth
               the
               Ladice
               .
               In
               this
               place
               ,
               may
               be
               seen
               the
               Castle
               ,
               and
               Fort
               ,
               called
               Pelen
               ,
               appertaining
               to
               the
               most
               Noble
               Family
               of
               the
               Troppi
               .
               The
               Citizens
               speak
               good
               Dutch
               ,
               and
               not
               ill
               
                 Italian
                 .
                 Trent
              
               is
               now
               reduced
               under
               the
               power
               of
               Germans
               ,
               and
               is
               a
               refuge
               for
               all
               Italians
               ,
               when
               any
               disgrace
               happens
               to
               them
               in
               their
               own
               Countrey
               .
               They
               gather
               but
               little
               Corn
               ,
               but
               ,
               in
               lieu
               thereof
               ,
               they
               have
               good
               quantity
               of
               delicious
               Wines
               ,
               both
               White
               ,
               and
               Red.
               In
               the
               Summer
               ,
               the
               Air
               is
               good
               ,
               but
               the
               Sun
               beats
               upon
               it
               most
               vehemently
               on
               those
               dayes
               it
               remaineth
               in
               the
               sign
               Leo
               ;
               And
               in
               the
               Winter
               ,
               't
               is
               so
               very
               cold
               ,
               by
               reason
               of
               the
               Frosts
               and
               Snow
               ,
               that
               there
               is
               no
               living
               ;
               their
               Stoves
               are
               not
               sufficient
               to
               provide
               against
               it
               ,
               because
               the
               cold
               is
               so
               fierce
               ,
               that
               it
               turneth
               the
               Rain
               into
               Snow
               ,
               before
               it
               can
               fall
               to
               the
               Earth
               ;
               and
               that
               which
               occasions
               the
               greatest
               wonder
               here
               ,
               is
               ,
               that
               in
               that
               time
               their
               Wells
               ,
               or
               deepest
               Pits
               ,
               are
               void
               ,
               and
               empty
               of
               Water
               .
               In
               stead
               of
               Mules
               ,
               Asses
               ,
               and
               Horses
               of
               Burthen
               ,
               they
               serve
               themselves
               of
               their
               Oxen
               ,
               and
               Cows
               ,
               with
               Charrets
               so
               easie
               to
               carry
               goods
               ,
               that
               they
               run
               up
               by
               the
               Mountains
               ,
               as
               if
               it
               were
               in
               a
               Plain
               ;
               though
               't
               is
               very
               true
               ,
               that
               the
               wayes
               are
               so
               well
               helped
               by
               the
               Cliffs
               ,
               or
               Craggs
               ,
               that
               the
               Beasts
               may
               go
               any
               where
               with
               little
               labour
               .
            
             
               This
               City
               was
               greatly
               illustrated
               ,
               and
               enriched
               certain
               years
               past
               ,
               by
               the
               General
               Council
               held
               here
               :
               for
               that
               there
               met
               then
               five
               President
               Cardinals
               ;
               Two
               Legats
               of
               the
               Council
               ,
               for
               his
               Holiness
               ,
               Pius
               the
               fourth
               ,
               Chief
               Bishop
               ,
               or
               Pope
               of
               Rome
               ,
               being
               Cardinals
               also
               ,
               that
               is
               to
               say
               ,
               Cardinal
               Loreno
               ,
               and
               Cardinal
               Madruccio
               ;
               Three
               Patriarchs
               ,
               Thirty
               two
               Arch-bishops
               ,
               Two
               hundred
               and
               thirty
               Bishops
               ,
               Seven
               Abbots
               ,
               Seven
               Generals
               of
               Religion
               ,
               One
               hundred
               forty
               and
               six
               Doctors
               of
               Divinity
               ,
               between
               Seculars
               ,
               and
               Regulars
               ;
               The
               Embassadour
               of
               Ferdinand
               the
               Emperour
               ,
               as
               well
               in
               the
               name
               of
               the
               Empire
               ,
               as
               of
               the
               Kingdoms
               of
               Hungary
               ,
               and
               Bohemia
               ;
               as
               also
               the
               Embassadours
               of
               the
               King
               of
               France
               ,
               of
               the
               King
               of
               Spain
               ,
               of
               the
               King
               of
               Poland
               ,
               and
               of
               Portugal
               ,
               of
               the
               Dukes
               of
               Bavaria
               ,
               of
               Savoy
               ,
               of
               Venice
               ,
               of
               Florence
               ,
               and
               of
               the
               other
               Catholique
               Princes
               .
            
             
               The
               Council
               was
               held
               in
               the
               Church
               of
               Saint
               Mary
               ,
               where
               there
               is
               a
               very
               fair
               Organ
               .
               In
               the
               Church
               of
               Saint
               Peter
               are
               the
               Ashes
               of
               the
               blessed
               Simeon
               ,
               Martyred
               by
               the
               wicked
               Jewes
               .
               In
               the
               Church
               of
               the
               Fryers
               Heremitans
               lies
               buried
               Cardinal
               
                 Seripando
                 ▪
              
               who
               was
               Legate
               of
               the
               Council
               ,
               a
               man
               famous
               for
               Holiness
               ,
               and
               Doctrine
               .
               The
               Cannons
               are
               all
               illustrious
               persons
               ,
               and
               have
               authority
               to
               choose
               the
               Bishop
               ,
               Lord
               of
               the
               City
               ,
               and
               Prince
               of
               the
               Empire
               ,
               which
               dignity
               ,
               three
               Cardinals
               of
               the
               most
               Noble
               Family
               of
               the
               Madrucci
               ,
               have
               enjoyed
               successively
               ,
               of
               which
               one
               named
               Altiprando
               lives
               at
               present
               ,
               a
               religious
               Person
               ,
               and
               a
               lover
               of
               Learned
               men
               .
            
             
               
               
                 BASSANO
                 .
              
               
                 FRom
                 Trento
                 the
                 way
                 lies
                 to
                 Bassano
                 ,
                 travelling
                 towards
                 the
                 East
                 by
                 the
                 Valley
                 of
                 Sugana
                 ,
                 called
                 by
                 the
                 Antients
                 Euganea
                 ,
                 because
                 a
                 People
                 of
                 that
                 name
                 dwelt
                 there
                 ;
                 This
                 Plain
                 is
                 eighteen
                 miles
                 in
                 length
                 ,
                 and
                 two
                 only
                 in
                 bredth
                 ,
                 whence
                 you
                 may
                 go
                 to
                 Venice
                 ,
                 but
                 't
                 is
                 too
                 long
                 a
                 journey
                 .
                 Five
                 Miles
                 forth
                 of
                 Trent
                 ,
                 is
                 situated
                 the
                 rich
                 ,
                 and
                 populous
                 Countrey
                 of
                 Perzene
                 .
              
               
                 At
                 the
                 Head
                 of
                 the
                 Valley
                 ,
                 near
                 Primolano
                 ,
                 are
                 the
                 confines
                 between
                 the
                 Venetians
                 ,
                 and
                 Germans
                 .
                 Upon
                 the
                 high
                 Mountain
                 of
                 Primolano
                 is
                 there
                 built
                 a
                 most
                 strong
                 Bulwark
                 of
                 the
                 Venetians
                 called
                 Strada
                 ,
                 where
                 a
                 few
                 Souldiers
                 can
                 repel
                 the
                 Dutch
                 ,
                 when
                 ever
                 they
                 offer
                 by
                 violence
                 ,
                 or
                 force
                 ,
                 to
                 advance
                 forwards
                 .
                 At
                 twelve
                 miles
                 distance
                 from
                 thence
                 towards
                 the
                 East
                 ,
                 among
                 the
                 Alps
                 ,
                 is
                 the
                 City
                 of
                 Feltre
                 ,
                 by
                 the
                 which
                 way
                 at
                 the
                 right-hand-shore
                 of
                 the
                 River
                 Brent
                 ,
                 three
                 miles
                 distance
                 from
                 Scala
                 ,
                 is
                 seated
                 Cavolo
                 ,
                 a
                 Fort
                 of
                 the
                 Germans
                 ,
                 inexpugnable
                 ,
                 in
                 respect
                 that
                 't
                 is
                 founded
                 upon
                 a
                 great
                 Rock
                 directly
                 hanging
                 over
                 the
                 high-way
                 ,
                 with
                 a
                 Fountain
                 of
                 living
                 water
                 in
                 it
                 ,
                 whereto
                 neither
                 Man
                 ,
                 nor
                 Goods
                 can
                 be
                 mounted
                 from
                 the
                 Earth
                 ,
                 unless
                 fastned
                 to
                 a
                 Rope
                 ,
                 and
                 that
                 wound
                 up
                 upon
                 a
                 wheel
                 ,
                 from
                 which
                 (
                 because
                 't
                 is
                 a
                 very
                 narrow
                 way
                 underneath
                 ,
                 between
                 the
                 Mountain
                 and
                 the
                 River
                 )
                 with
                 small
                 labour
                 ,
                 may
                 their
                 enemies
                 be
                 slain
                 with
                 Stones
                 cast
                 on
                 them
                 ,
                 as
                 they
                 march
                 along
                 .
                 Thence
                 five
                 miles
                 distant
                 ,
                 is
                 the
                 River
                 Cisimone
                 (
                 wch
                 disembogues
                 it self
                 into
                 the
                 Brenta
                 )
                 where
                 the
                 Dutch
                 and
                 Feltrini
                 ,
                 daily
                 load
                 great
                 quantities
                 of
                 Timber
                 and
                 Wood
                 ,
                 as
                 well
                 for
                 the
                 use
                 of
                 Building
                 ,
                 as
                 for
                 firing
                 ,
                 which
                 they
                 afterwards
                 transport
                 to
                 Bassano
                 ,
                 to
                 Padoua
                 ,
                 and
                 to
                 Venice
                 .
                 Seven
                 miles
                 distant
                 from
                 Bassano
                 ,
                 on
                 the
                 Right-hand-shore
                 of
                 the
                 Brent
                 ,
                 lies
                 the
                 Countrey
                 of
                 Valstagna
                 ,
                 placed
                 at
                 the
                 foot
                 of
                 the
                 Mountains
                 ,
                 and
                 famous
                 for
                 the
                 Sawes
                 there
                 made
                 :
                 thence
                 distant
                 three
                 miles
                 ,
                 lies
                 the
                 Countrey
                 of
                 Campese
                 ,
                 where
                 in
                 the
                 Church
                 of
                 the
                 Fryers
                 of
                 Saint
                 Benedict
                 lies
                 buried
                 he
                 that
                 wrote
                 
                   la
                   Macharonea
                
                 .
              
               
                 Bassano
                 lies
                 at
                 the
                 foot
                 of
                 this
                 streight
                 Valley
                 ,
                 and
                 is
                 washed
                 towards
                 the
                 West
                 by
                 the
                 Brent
                 ,
                 called
                 antiently
                 Brenta
                 ,
                 or
                 Brentesia
                 ,
                 the
                 which
                 hath
                 its
                 Sourse
                 ,
                 or
                 head
                 ,
                 beyond
                 the
                 Alps
                 of
                 Trent
                 twelve
                 miles
                 ,
                 near
                 Levego
                 .
                 Over
                 the
                 Brent
                 ,
                 a
                 little
                 forth
                 of
                 the
                 Gate
                 of
                 Bassano
                 ,
                 is
                 built
                 a
                 great
                 Bridge
                 of
                 Wood
                 ,
                 which
                 conjoyns
                 both
                 the
                 Rivers
                 .
                 Between
                 the
                 Alps
                 ,
                 and
                 this
                 Castle
                 ,
                 there
                 are
                 some
                 Hills
                 ,
                 which
                 produce
                 most
                 abundantly
                 all
                 things
                 requisite
                 ,
                 as
                 well
                 for
                 necessary
                 living
                 ,
                 as
                 delicacy
                 ,
                 but
                 most
                 particularly
                 ,
                 they
                 abound
                 with
                 Olives
                 ,
                 and
                 precious
                 Wines
                 .
                 The
                 River
                 Brenta
                 runs
                 thorow
                 the
                 Territory
                 of
                 Vicenza
                 ,
                 passeth
                 by
                 the
                 City
                 of
                 Padoua
                 ,
                 and
                 in
                 the
                 end
                 dischargeth
                 it self
                 ,
                 by
                 the
                 Fenny
                 ,
                 or
                 Moorish
                 grounds
                 ,
                 into
                 the
                 Sea.
                 In
                 this
                 River
                 ,
                 they
                 take
                 excellent
                 Fish
                 ,
                 as
                 
                   Trouts
                   ,
                   Pollard
                
                 ,
                 or
                 
                   Chieven
                   ,
                   Eyles
                   ,
                   Pyke
                   ,
                   Tench
                   ,
                   Lampreys
                   ,
                   Barbel
                   ,
                
                 and
                 Crabfish
                 .
                 In
                 no
                 place
                 are
                 the
                 men
                 more
                 ingenuous
                 in
                 Merchandize
                 than
                 in
                 this
                 :
                 particularly
                 in
                 weaving
                 of
                 Cloth
                 ,
                 in
                 turning
                 most
                 neatly
                 in
                 Ivory
                 ,
                 and
                 in
                 Carving
                 in
                 Nut-Trees
                 .
                 There
                 is
                 never
                 a
                 year
                 ,
                 that
                 they
                 dress
                 less
                 than
                 fifteen
                 thousand
                 pound
                 weight
                 of
                 Silk
                 ,
                 and
                 notwithstanding
                 that
                 ,
                 that
                 which
                 is
                 made
                 in
                 China
                 is
                 esteemed
                 better
                 than
                 is
                 made
                 in
                 any
                 other
                 part
                 of
                 
                 the
                 world
                 ,
                 nevertheless
                 't
                 is
                 known
                 ,
                 that
                 this
                 of
                 Bassano
                 is
                 more
                 subtile
                 or
                 thin
                 ,
                 and
                 more
                 light
                 .
                 Hence
                 the
                 Family
                 of
                 the
                 Carrareci
                 drew
                 their
                 Original
                 ,
                 and
                 Eccellino
                 the
                 Tyrant
                 ,
                 as
                 also
                 Lazaro
                 ,
                 surnamed
                 Bassano
                 ,
                 a
                 person
                 not
                 meanly
                 learned
                 ,
                 nor
                 less
                 acquainted
                 in
                 the
                 Greek
                 tongue
                 than
                 in
                 the
                 Latine
                 :
                 he
                 lived
                 a
                 long
                 time
                 in
                 Bologna
                 ,
                 with
                 great
                 satisfaction
                 to
                 the
                 learned
                 ,
                 afterwards
                 he
                 rendred
                 himself
                 at
                 Padoua
                 ,
                 to
                 the
                 end
                 that
                 he
                 might
                 illuminate
                 those
                 who
                 were
                 studious
                 of
                 good
                 Letters
                 .
                 At
                 present
                 
                   Giacomo
                   dal
                   Ponte
                
                 ,
                 an
                 excellent
                 Lymner
                 ,
                 greatly
                 illustrates
                 this
                 Country
                 ,
                 together
                 with
                 four
                 of
                 his
                 Sons
                 ,
                 called
                 vulgarly
                 ,
                 the
                 
                   Bassani
                   .
                   Bassano
                
                 hath
                 under
                 it
                 twelve
                 Towns
                 ,
                 which
                 with
                 it self
                 contein
                 to
                 the
                 number
                 of
                 twelve
                 thousand
                 Souls
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 MAROSTICA
                 .
              
               
                 AT
                 three
                 miles
                 distance
                 from
                 Bassano
                 towards
                 the
                 West
                 ,
                 is
                 seated
                 a
                 strong
                 place
                 ,
                 named
                 Marostica
                 ,
                 a
                 Castle
                 built
                 by
                 the
                 Lords
                 of
                 Scala
                 ,
                 near
                 the
                 Mountain
                 ,
                 and
                 fortified
                 with
                 Walls
                 ,
                 and
                 two
                 Sconce●…
                 .
                 Antiently
                 this
                 Castle
                 stood
                 in
                 the
                 neighbouring
                 Mountain
                 ,
                 which
                 looks
                 towards
                 the
                 East
                 ,
                 where
                 ,
                 at
                 this
                 time
                 are
                 to
                 be
                 seen
                 the
                 Foundation●…
                 .
                 Here
                 the
                 Air
                 is
                 most
                 perfect
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Countrey
                 as
                 pleasant
                 ,
                 and
                 produceth
                 excellent
                 fruits
                 ,
                 in
                 great
                 abundance
                 ,
                 but
                 it
                 most
                 excels
                 in
                 Cherries
                 of
                 all
                 sorts
                 ,
                 which
                 are
                 so
                 infinitely
                 pleasant
                 ,
                 and
                 so
                 well
                 ●…elished
                 ,
                 that
                 therefore
                 in
                 many
                 places
                 they
                 are
                 called
                 Marosticane
                 .
                 There
                 are
                 many
                 Fountains
                 of
                 clear
                 Water
                 ;
                 and
                 thence
                 about
                 two
                 miles
                 ,
                 is
                 a
                 Lake
                 called
                 Piola
                 ,
                 whose
                 waters
                 abate
                 ,
                 and
                 rise
                 ,
                 in
                 the
                 same
                 manner
                 as
                 they
                 in
                 the
                 Golf
                 of
                 Venice
                 ,
                 with
                 great
                 admiration
                 to
                 the
                 beholders
                 .
                 The
                 Inhabitants
                 of
                 this
                 Castle
                 are
                 extreme
                 contentious
                 ,
                 whereupon
                 an
                 Elegant
                 Poet
                 wrote
                 thus
                 ,
                 
                   
                     Restat
                     &
                     in
                     Civibus
                     Marii
                     discordia
                     vetus
                     ,
                  
                   
                     Quae
                     cum
                     Syllanis
                     saevit
                     in
                     urbe
                     viris
                     .
                  
                
              
               
                 Within
                 this
                 Castle
                 ,
                 are
                 many
                 Churches
                 ,
                 among
                 which
                 is
                 that
                 of
                 Saint
                 Bastiano
                 ,
                 where
                 the
                 Fryers
                 of
                 Saint
                 Francis
                 dwell
                 ,
                 wherein
                 lies
                 the
                 Body
                 of
                 the
                 blessed
                 Lorenzuolo
                 the
                 Child
                 ,
                 Martyred
                 by
                 the
                 wicked
                 Jews
                 ,
                 who
                 antiently
                 there
                 inhabited
                 .
                 Francesco
                 of
                 the
                 Family
                 of
                 the
                 ●…reschi
                 ,
                 hath
                 much
                 illustrated
                 this
                 Castle
                 ,
                 who
                 publickly
                 Read
                 the
                 Civil
                 Law
                 in
                 Padoua
                 ,
                 and
                 likewise
                 
                   Angelo
                   Mateaccio
                
                 ,
                 who
                 hath
                 composed
                 some
                 Books
                 of
                 the
                 Laws
                 .
                 At
                 this
                 present
                 ,
                 adds
                 no
                 small
                 Fame
                 to
                 this
                 his
                 Countrey
                 ,
                 
                   Prospero
                   Alpino
                
                 ,
                 the
                 most
                 excellent
                 Physician
                 ,
                 publique
                 Reader
                 of
                 the
                 first
                 matter
                 of
                 Simples
                 ,
                 in
                 the
                 Academy
                 of
                 Padoua
                 ,
                 who
                 hath
                 written
                 
                   De
                   plantis
                   AEgypti
                   ,
                   De
                   Opobalsamo
                   ,
                
                 and
                 
                   De
                   Praesagienda
                   vit●…
                   ,
                   &
                   morte
                   AEgrotantium
                   ,
                
                 lately
                 published
                 ,
                 And
                 is
                 now
                 employed
                 (
                 besides
                 his
                 publick
                 Reading
                 )
                 in
                 composing
                 ,
                 and
                 ripening
                 some
                 other
                 noble
                 Work
                 for
                 publick
                 view
                 .
                 Thorow
                 the
                 middle
                 of
                 this
                 Castle
                 ,
                 runs
                 the
                 little
                 River
                 called
                 Rozza
                 ,
                 whence
                 about
                 a
                 mile
                 passeth
                 the
                 Sillano
                 ,
                 so
                 called
                 ,
                 because
                 in
                 Antient
                 Language
                 ,
                 it
                 signified
                 a
                 Stream
                 of
                 running
                 water
                 .
                 'T
                 is
                 believed
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 Antient
                 Romans
                 much
                 frequented
                 this
                 Place
                 ,
                 for
                 that
                 the
                 Inhabitants
                 to
                 this
                 day
                 retain
                 certain
                 Latine
                 words
                 ,
                 though
                 something
                 corrupted
                 .
                 Before
                 
                 
                 
                 the
                 Church
                 of
                 Saint
                 Floriano
                 ,
                 stand
                 two
                 Marble
                 Stones
                 of
                 great
                 antiquity
                 ,
                 upon
                 the
                 one
                 whereof
                 is
                 written
                 thus
                 ,
                 
                   TI
                   Claudio
                   Caes.
                   M.
                   Salonius
                   ⸫⸫
                   es
                   Martina
                   Chara
                   Conjux
                   quae
                   Venit
                   de
                   Gallia
                   per
                   mansiones
                   L.
                   Vi
                   commemoraret
                   memoriam
                   Mariti
                   sui
                   Bene
                   quiescas
                   duleissime
                   mi
                   Marite
                   .
                
              
            
             
               
                 TREVISO
                 .
              
               
                 THe
                 Antient
                 City
                 of
                 Treviso
                 ,
                 is
                 situated
                 on
                 the
                 East
                 of
                 ,
                 and
                 at
                 the
                 distance
                 from
                 Bassano
                 twenty
                 five
                 miles
                 .
                 This
                 City
                 was
                 founded
                 by
                 Osaride
                 ,
                 the
                 third
                 King
                 of
                 the
                 Gre●…ans
                 ,
                 who
                 being
                 adopted
                 Son
                 of
                 Dionisius
                 (
                 therefore
                 conceded
                 unto
                 him
                 AEgypt
                 )
                 and
                 Reigned
                 in
                 Italy
                 ten
                 years
                 :
                 And
                 because
                 after
                 his
                 death
                 ,
                 there
                 appeared
                 to
                 the
                 AEgyptians
                 an
                 Ox
                 ,
                 they
                 supposing
                 it
                 to
                 be
                 their
                 King
                 Osiris
                 ,
                 worsnipped
                 it
                 as
                 a
                 God
                 ,
                 and
                 called
                 it
                 Ap●…
                 ,
                 which
                 in
                 their
                 language
                 signifies
                 an
                 Ox
                 ,
                 for
                 which
                 reason
                 in
                 many
                 places
                 of
                 Treviso
                 ,
                 is
                 found
                 an
                 Ox
                 painted
                 with
                 this
                 Motto
                 :
                 Memor
                 :
                 in
                 memorial
                 of
                 their
                 first
                 founders
                 .
                 Others
                 say
                 that
                 Treviso
                 was
                 built
                 by
                 the
                 Companions
                 of
                 Antenor
                 ;
                 Others
                 by
                 the
                 Trojans
                 ,
                 who
                 went
                 from
                 Pastagonia
                 ;
                 but
                 whosoever
                 it
                 was
                 built
                 it
                 ,
                 imports
                 not
                 much
                 ,
                 since
                 't
                 is
                 most
                 certain
                 ,
                 't
                 is
                 a
                 City
                 of
                 great
                 Antiquiry
                 .
                 They
                 oftentimes
                 came
                 to
                 Warlike
                 disputes
                 with
                 the
                 Padouans
                 ,
                 as
                 also
                 with
                 the
                 〈◊〉
                 ●…or
                 maintenance
                 of
                 their
                 consi●…es
                 ,
                 and
                 although
                 through
                 their
                 vigilancy
                 ,
                 and
                 victory
                 over
                 the
                 power
                 of
                 their
                 Enemies
                 ,
                 they
                 had
                 much
                 enlarged
                 their
                 T●…ritories
                 ,
                 almost
                 over
                 the
                 whole
                 Champain
                 ,
                 yet
                 to
                 secure
                 themselves
                 the
                 better
                 ,
                 they
                 erected
                 several
                 Towers
                 ,
                 whence
                 they
                 might
                 discover
                 their
                 Enemies
                 ,
                 obstruct
                 them
                 from
                 too
                 near
                 approaches
                 ,
                 and
                 as
                 necessitated
                 therein
                 ,
                 make
                 their
                 own
                 retreat
                 secure
                 :
                 and
                 for
                 this
                 reason
                 ,
                 was
                 it
                 along
                 time
                 called
                 the
                 City
                 of
                 Towers
                 ,
                 ●…earing
                 for
                 its
                 Aims
                 three
                 Black
                 Towers
                 in
                 a
                 white
                 Field
                 .
                 This
                 City
                 either
                 for
                 that
                 it
                 was
                 the
                 most
                 noble
                 of
                 all
                 the
                 other
                 ,
                 or
                 for
                 that
                 it
                 became
                 first
                 under
                 their
                 Dominion
                 ,
                 the
                 Longobardi
                 made
                 the
                 seat
                 of
                 their
                 
                   Marquesate
                   ,
                   Marca
                
                 signifying
                 in
                 their
                 language
                 ,
                 Confines
                 :
                 whence
                 all
                 this
                 Province
                 is
                 called
                 by
                 the
                 name
                 of
                 Marca
                 ;
                 Wherein
                 antiently
                 were
                 six
                 principal
                 Cities
                 ,
                 (
                 at
                 present
                 but
                 four
                 )
                 with
                 many
                 other
                 Cities
                 ,
                 and
                 great
                 Castles
                 .
                 It
                 s
                 Territory
                 is
                 in
                 length
                 from
                 East
                 to
                 West
                 forty
                 miles
                 ,
                 and
                 from
                 North
                 to
                 South
                 ,
                 fifty
                 miles
                 .
                 It
                 was
                 subjected
                 to
                 the
                 Hunnes
                 ,
                 to
                 the
                 Longobards
                 ,
                 Then
                 to
                 the
                 Hungarians
                 ,
                 afterwards
                 to
                 the
                 People
                 of
                 Scal●…
                 ,
                 after
                 them
                 to
                 the
                 Carraresians
                 ,
                 and
                 lastly
                 in
                 the
                 year
                 of
                 our
                 Lord
                 ,
                 One
                 thousand
                 three
                 hundred
                 eighty
                 eight
                 ,
                 it
                 was
                 reduced
                 under
                 the
                 Dominion
                 of
                 the
                 Venetians
                 ,
                 to
                 whom
                 from
                 that
                 time
                 to
                 this
                 day
                 ,
                 they
                 have
                 maintained
                 constant
                 Faith
                 and
                 Obedience
                 .
                 This
                 City
                 was
                 converted
                 to
                 the
                 Christian
                 Faith
                 ,
                 by
                 the
                 Preaching
                 of
                 Saint
                 Prosdocimo
                 ,
                 Disciple
                 of
                 Saint
                 Peter
                 ,
                 from
                 whence
                 
                 they
                 took
                 ,
                 a
                 white
                 Crosse
                 in
                 a
                 Red
                 Field
                 for
                 their
                 Aims
                 ,
                 in
                 liew
                 o●…
                 their
                 Black
                 Towers
                 .
                 About
                 Treviso
                 runs
                 the
                 River
                 Sile
                 ,
                 with
                 many
                 other
                 Rivolets
                 ,
                 which
                 incorporate
                 with
                 it
                 ,
                 and
                 towards
                 the
                 East
                 ,
                 it
                 hath
                 the
                 great
                 River
                 of
                 Piave
                 ,
                 wherein
                 they
                 take
                 the
                 largest
                 Crabfish
                 .
                 The
                 Countrey
                 abounds
                 in
                 all
                 things
                 ,
                 but
                 principally
                 it
                 breeds
                 the
                 Fatrest
                 Calves
                 .
                 It
                 conteins
                 many
                 sumptuous
                 Pallaces
                 ,
                 and
                 not
                 a
                 few
                 Noble
                 Families
                 .
                 At
                 eight
                 miles
                 distance
                 from
                 this
                 City
                 ,
                 stands
                 Altino
                 ,
                 which
                 was
                 founded
                 by
                 Antenor
                 ,
                 but
                 alterwards
                 layed
                 wast
                 by
                 Attila
                 ;
                 between
                 Treviso
                 ,
                 and
                 Padoua
                 presents
                 it self
                 the
                 Rich
                 and
                 Civil
                 Castle
                 of
                 Noale
                 .
                 Upon
                 the
                 Mountains
                 towards
                 the
                 North
                 ,
                 ●…ood
                 the
                 noble
                 Castle
                 of
                 Asolo
                 ,
                 heretofore
                 a
                 Colony
                 of
                 the
                 Romans
                 as
                 〈◊〉
                 saith
                 ,
                 where
                 with
                 great
                 delight
                 ,
                 dwelt
                 the
                 Queen
                 of
                 Ciprus
                 ,
                 having
                 four
                 miles
                 off
                 Asolo
                 ,
                 built
                 a
                 most
                 beautiful
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
                 as
                 pleas●…t
                 a
                 Plain
                 ,
                 with
                 Gardens
                 ,
                 Fountains
                 ,
                 Fish-ponds
                 ,
                 and
                 all
                 other
                 recreations
                 .
                 Eloigned
                 from
                 thence
                 ten
                 miles
                 stands
                 
                   Castel
                   I
                   ranco
                
                 ,
                 a
                 famous
                 
                 Castle
                 ,
                 which
                 was
                 built
                 by
                 the
                 Trivisani
                 ,
                 in
                 the
                 year
                 of
                 our
                 Lord
                 ,
                 One
                 thousand
                 one
                 hundred
                 ninety
                 nine
                 .
                 After
                 which
                 towards
                 the
                 East
                 ,
                 between
                 the
                 Rivers
                 Piave
                 ,
                 and
                 Livenza
                 shewes
                 it self
                 Conegliano
                 ,
                 part
                 whereof
                 stands
                 erected
                 upon
                 the
                 Hill
                 ,
                 and
                 part
                 upon
                 the
                 Plain
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 replenished
                 with
                 beautiful
                 structures
                 ,
                 and
                 a
                 numerous
                 People
                 ;
                 and
                 enjoyes
                 an
                 Air
                 so
                 temperate
                 ,
                 that
                 it
                 acquired
                 the
                 name
                 among
                 the
                 Germans
                 of
                 Cunicla
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 as
                 much
                 as
                 to
                 say
                 ,
                 a
                 Residence
                 for
                 a
                 King.
                 This
                 was
                 the
                 first
                 place
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 Venetians
                 possessed
                 upon
                 the
                 firm
                 Land.
                 Adjacent
                 hereto
                 stand
                 
                   Colalto
                   ,
                   Narvisa
                
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Castle
                 of
                 Saint
                 Salvadore
                 ,
                 to
                 the
                 most
                 Noble
                 Family
                 of
                 the
                 Collalti
                 appertaining
                 .
                 A
                 little
                 further
                 lies
                 Oderto
                 ,
                 whereto
                 in
                 the
                 time
                 of
                 the
                 Romans
                 ,
                 the
                 Adriatique
                 Sea
                 rise
                 ,
                 which
                 encouraged
                 the
                 Oderzesians
                 to
                 set
                 a
                 Fleet
                 to
                 Sea.
                 Near
                 thereunto
                 ●…es
                 ,
                 
                   la
                   Motta
                
                 ,
                 the
                 Countrey
                 of
                 
                   Girolamo
                   Alexandro
                
                 created
                 Cardinal
                 ,
                 by
                 his
                 Holiness
                 Paul
                 the
                 third
                 Bishop
                 of
                 Rome
                 ,
                 for
                 his
                 most
                 excellent
                 Doctrine
                 ;
                 being
                 no
                 less
                 learned
                 in
                 the
                 Greek
                 ,
                 and
                 Hebrew
                 Tongues
                 than
                 in
                 the
                 Latine
                 .
                 Travelling
                 from
                 Treviso
                 ,
                 over
                 a
                 large
                 and
                 〈◊〉
                 High-way
                 ,
                 at
                 ten
                 miles
                 distance
                 ,
                 is
                 met
                 the
                 Castle
                 of
                 Mestre
                 ,
                 and
                 ●…wo
                 miles
                 off
                 that
                 Margherá
                 ,
                 where
                 taking
                 Boat
                 ,
                 after
                 rowing
                 the
                 space
                 of
                 five
                 miles
                 ,
                 you
                 arrive
                 at
                 Venice
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 VENETIA
                 ,
                 la
                 Ricca
                 ,
                 or
                 VENICE
                 the
                 Rich.
                 
              
               
                 HAving
                 attained
                 
                   Le
                   Lagune
                
                 ,
                 or
                 the
                 (
                 MOORES
                 ,
                 or
                 SHOLES
                 )
                 
                 now
                 the
                 Streets
                 of
                 Venice
                 ,
                 you
                 behold
                 many
                 proud
                 Pallaces
                 ,
                 built
                 of
                 Marble
                 ,
                 adorned
                 with
                 Columbes
                 ,
                 Statues
                 ,
                 and
                 Pictures
                 of
                 great
                 value
                 ,
                 erected
                 by
                 those
                 Noble
                 Senatours
                 ,
                 with
                 inestimable
                 Expence
                 ,
                 and
                 Artifice
                 ;
                 among
                 which
                 is
                 Seated
                 the
                 Pallace
                 of
                 the
                 Grimani
                 ,
                 imbellished
                 with
                 Statues
                 ,
                 Figures
                 ,
                 Pourtraicts
                 ,
                 high
                 and
                 great
                 Colossuses
                 ,
                 and
                 Vaults
                 ;
                 some
                 of
                 Marble
                 ,
                 and
                 others
                 of
                 〈◊〉
                 ,
                 very
                 artificially
                 Carved
                 ,
                 and
                 Engraven
                 ,
                 being
                 brought
                 hither
                 from
                 Greece
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Ruines
                 of
                 Aquileia
                 .
                 In
                 the
                 open
                 Gallery
                 ,
                 whereof
                 are
                 divers
                 Marble
                 Stones
                 ,
                 with
                 excellent
                 Inscriptions
                 ,
                 amongst
                 the
                 which
                 
                 we
                 will
                 hereunder
                 set
                 down
                 some
                 ,
                 which
                 are
                 engraven
                 upon
                 〈◊〉
                 Altars
                 dedicated
                 in
                 honour
                 of
                 Beleno
                 ,
                 who
                 was
                 held
                 in
                 〈◊〉
                 great
                 veneration
                 by
                 the
                 Inhabitants
                 of
                 Aquileia
                 as
                 the
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
                 rodian
                 ,
                 and
                 
                   Giulio
                   Cap●…olino
                
                 do
                 averr
                 and
                 justifie
                 ;
                 The
                 Titles
                 〈◊〉
                 which
                 Inscriptions
                 ,
                 I
                 believe
                 will
                 be
                 very
                 welcome
                 and
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
                 the
                 Lovers
                 of
                 Antiquity
                 .
              
               
                 Upon
                 one
                 four
                 squared
                 Altar
                 ,
                 is
                 inscribed
                 .
                 
                   Beleno
                   .
                   Mansuetus
                   .
                   Verus
                   .
                   L●…ur
                   :
                   Lau
                   :
                   Et
                   Vibiana
                   Jantula
                   V.
                   S.
                   
                
              
               
                 Upon
                 another
                 .
                 
                   Apollini
                   Beleno
                   .
                   Aug.
                   In
                   honorem
                   .
                   C.
                   Petti
                   .
                   C.
                   C.
                   F.
                   Pal.
                   Fhiltati
                   .
                   Eq.
                   P.
                   Praef.
                   AEd.
                   Pot.
                   Praef.
                   Et.
                   Patron
                   .
                   Collegiorum
                   .
                   Fabr.
                   ●…t
                   Cent.
                   Diocles
                   Lib.
                   Donum
                   .
                   Dedit
                   .
                   L.
                   D.
                   D.
                   D.
                   D.
                   
                
              
               
                 Upon
                 another
                 .
                 
                   Belino
                   .
                   Aug.
                   Sacrum
                   .
                   Voto
                   suscepto
                   .
                   Pro.
                   Aquillio
                   C.
                   F.
                   Pomp
                   Vatente
                   IIII.
                   V.
                   I.
                   D.
                   Design
                   .
                   Phoebus
                   Lib.
                   V.
                   S.
                   L.
                   M.
                   
                
              
               
                 Upon
                 another
                 .
                 
                   Beleno
                   .
                   Aug.
                   Sacr.
                   L.
                   Cornelius
                   L.
                   Fil.
                   Vell.
                   Secundinus
                   Aquil.
                   Evoc
                   .
                   Aug.
                   N.
                   Quod.
                   In.
                   Urb.
                   Donum
                   .
                   ●…ou
                   .
                   Aquil.
                   Perlatum
                   .
                   Libens
                   ●…osuit
                   .
                   L.
                   D.
                   D.
                   D.
                   
                
              
               
                 Upon
                 another
                 .
                 
                   Beleno
                   .
                   Aug.
                   In.
                   Memor
                   .
                   Julior
                   .
                   Marcell
                   .
                   Et.
                   Marcellae
                   .
                   Et
                   In
                   Honorem
                   Juliarum
                   ,
                   Charites
                   .
                   ●…t
                   Marcellae
                   .
                   Filiar
                   .
                   Et.
                   Licin
                   .
                   Macron
                   .
                   Iunior
                   Nepotis
                   .
                   C.
                   Iul.
                   Agathopos
                   VI.
                   Vir.
                   Aquil.
                   L.
                   D.
                   D.
                   D.
                   
                
              
               
                 Upon
                 another
                 .
                 
                   Beleno
                   Sex
                   Graesernius
                   Faustus
                   VI.
                   Vir.
                   V.
                   S.
                   L.
                   M.
                   
                
              
               
                 Upon
                 another
                 
                   Eonti
                   .
                   B.
                   
                
              
               
                 Upon
                 another
                 .
                 
                   VI.
                   Divinae
                   Sacrum
                   C.
                   Verius
                   .
                   C.
                   F.
                   Gavolus
                   .
                
              
               
               
                 The
                 next
                 object
                 worth
                 a
                 view
                 ,
                 is
                 the
                 Royal
                 and
                 Proud
                 Pallace
                 of
                 the
                 Duke
                 of
                 Venice
                 ,
                 which
                 was
                 first
                 begun
                 to
                 be
                 erected
                 by
                 
                   Ange●…o
                   Participatio
                
                 ,
                 in
                 the
                 year
                 of
                 our
                 Lord
                 ,
                 Eight
                 hundred
                 and
                 nine
                 ,
                 since
                 when
                 though
                 six
                 times
                 burnt
                 either
                 in
                 part
                 ,
                 or
                 in
                 all
                 it
                 rise
                 again
                 ▪
                 and
                 recovered
                 much
                 more
                 beauty
                 and
                 lustre
                 ▪
                 Its
                 Form
                 ,
                 is
                 not
                 altogether
                 square
                 ,
                 the
                 length
                 somewhat
                 exceeding
                 the
                 Bredth
                 .
                 Towards
                 the
                 North
                 of
                 it
                 ,
                 stands
                 the
                 Church
                 of
                 Saint
                 Marco
                 ,
                 towards
                 the
                 East
                 ,
                 the
                 Grand
                 Canale
                 ,
                 or
                 Channell
                 ,
                 towards
                 the
                 South
                 the
                 Sea
                 Coast
                 ,
                 and
                 towards
                 the
                 West
                 ,
                 the
                 Piazza
                 ,
                 or
                 broad
                 Place
                 of
                 Venice
                 .
                 From
                 the
                 principal
                 Gate
                 of
                 this
                 Pallace
                 ,
                 to
                 that
                 Coign
                 which
                 st●…nds
                 next
                 the
                 Bridge
                 ,
                 called
                 Paglia
                 ,
                 or
                 
                   (
                   Straw
                   Bridge
                
                 )
                 towards
                 the
                 South
                 :
                 It
                 hath
                 an
                 Arcade
                 of
                 36.
                 
                 Arches
                 ,
                 every
                 one
                 wherof
                 are
                 ten
                 feet
                 large
                 ,
                 which
                 space
                 comprehending
                 thirty
                 three
                 Pillars
                 ,
                 ass●…rds
                 in
                 length
                 three
                 hundred
                 foot
                 ,
                 which
                 Collumns
                 have
                 no
                 B●…ses
                 ,
                 but
                 excellent
                 HEADS
                 .
                 The
                 two
                 Frontispieces
                 thereof
                 ,
                 appear
                 Pargetted
                 with
                 White
                 and
                 Red
                 Marble
                 ,
                 in
                 the
                 midst
                 whereof
                 are
                 little
                 Ascents
                 or
                 Hills
                 ,
                 whereon
                 are
                 set
                 thirty
                 seven
                 Collumnes
                 ,
                 made
                 in
                 the
                 Form
                 of
                 Pyramids
                 ,
                 with
                 seventy
                 two
                 Arches
                 ;
                 The
                 Facade
                 or
                 Frontispiece
                 backwards
                 was
                 lately
                 beautified
                 with
                 
                   Istrian
                   Stone
                
                 ,
                 and
                 is
                 contignous
                 towards
                 the
                 North
                 ,
                 with
                 the
                 Church
                 of
                 Saint
                 Marco
                 .
                 The
                 Roofs
                 of
                 this
                 Pallace
                 were
                 heretofore
                 covered
                 with
                 Lead
                 ,
                 but
                 the
                 fi●…e
                 that
                 happened
                 in
                 the
                 year
                 ,
                 1574.
                 caused
                 it
                 to
                 be
                 covered
                 instead
                 of
                 lead
                 ,
                 with
                 Sl●…t
                 of
                 a
                 certain
                 Mettle
                 .
                 Every
                 Front
                 hath
                 one
                 Gate
                 ,
                 The
                 principal
                 which
                 is
                 conjoyned
                 with
                 the
                 Church
                 ,
                 (
                 of
                 a
                 Piramide
                 Figure
                 )
                 looks
                 towards
                 the
                 Piazza
                 ,
                 or
                 broad
                 Place
                 ,
                 just
                 before
                 which
                 stands
                 the
                 winged
                 Lion
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Duke
                 Foscaro
                 ,
                 Carved
                 in
                 White
                 Marble
                 .
                 Next
                 within
                 on
                 the
                 right
                 hand
                 ,
                 is
                 found
                 a
                 spatious
                 Court
                 ,
                 wherein
                 are
                 two
                 Wells
                 of
                 sweet
                 Water
                 ,
                 whose
                 mouthes
                 are
                 made
                 with
                 Brass
                 ,
                 garnished
                 with
                 Spouts
                 ,
                 and
                 other
                 Curiosities
                 .
                 At
                 the
                 end
                 of
                 this
                 Court
                 ,
                 is
                 the
                 Gate
                 which
                 answers
                 to
                 the
                 Sea.
                 Then
                 having
                 ascended
                 the
                 close
                 Stairs
                 called
                 Foscara
                 ,
                 on
                 the
                 left
                 hand
                 ,
                 you
                 may
                 go
                 round
                 the
                 Pallace
                 upon
                 the
                 Tarrace
                 .
                 The
                 two
                 Fronts
                 backwards
                 ,
                 the
                 one
                 whereof
                 lo●…ks
                 towards
                 the
                 Sea
                 ,
                 the
                 other
                 towards
                 t●…e
                 Piazza
                 ,
                 parallell
                 them
                 that
                 are
                 forwards
                 ,
                 except
                 that
                 they
                 have
                 neither
                 Arches
                 ,
                 nor
                 Collumnes
                 below
                 .
                 The
                 Front
                 towards
                 the
                 East
                 on
                 the
                 even
                 ground
                 ,
                 hath
                 thirty
                 six
                 Arches
                 ,
                 and
                 as
                 many
                 Pillars
                 of
                 
                   Istrian
                   Stone
                
                 ,
                 over
                 the
                 which
                 ,
                 there
                 is
                 an
                 open
                 Gallery
                 of
                 fifty
                 four
                 Arches
                 ,
                 and
                 fifty
                 five
                 Col●…umnes
                 .
                 On
                 the
                 Top
                 is
                 drawn
                 a
                 Wall
                 of
                 
                   Istrian
                   Stone
                
                 ,
                 adorned
                 with
                 beautiful
                 Cornishes
                 .
                 Just
                 against
                 the
                 Principall
                 Gate
                 ,
                 stands
                 the
                 large
                 Stayer-case
                 of
                 the
                 Pallace
                 towards
                 the
                 North
                 ,
                 which
                 leads
                 directly
                 to
                 the
                 Lodging
                 of
                 the
                 Prince
                 ,
                 at
                 the
                 foot
                 of
                 this
                 Stayer-case
                 st●…nds
                 two
                 Colossuses
                 ,
                 the
                 one
                 of
                 Marse
                 ,
                 the
                 other
                 of
                 Neptune
                 ,
                 Upon
                 the
                 ●…op
                 thereof
                 likewise
                 ,
                 just
                 opposite
                 to
                 them
                 ,
                 stands
                 two
                 most
                 excellent
                 Statues
                 ,
                 the
                 one
                 of
                 Adam
                 ,
                 the
                 other
                 of
                 Fve
                 .
                 The
                 Front
                 below
                 towards
                 the
                 Canale
                 ,
                 or
                 Channel
                 ▪
                 hath
                 two
                 Stayer-cases
                 ,
                 by
                 the
                 which
                 ,
                 they
                 ascend
                 to
                 that
                 most
                 Royal
                 Corridor
                 ,
                 or
                 open
                 Gallery
                 ,
                 wherein
                 stand
                 many
                 Tribunals
                 ,
                 or
                 Courts
                 of
                 Justice
                 .
                 Opposite
                 to
                 the
                 Chief
                 Stayer-case
                 ,
                 is
                 a
                 Memorial
                 of
                 Henry
                 the
                 third
                 King
                 of
                 〈◊〉
                 ,
                 engraven
                 in
                 Marble
                 with
                 Letters
                 of
                 Gold.
                 From
                 the
                 South
                 East
                 ,
                 they
                 ascend
                 that
                 most
                 splendid
                 Stayer-case
                 ,
                 which
                 upon
                 the
                 left
                 hand
                 leads
                 to
                 the
                 Chamber
                 of
                 the
                 Prince
                 ;
                 and
                 on
                 the
                 right
                 hand
                 to
                 the
                 Colledge
                 .
                 Where
                 the
                 Eye
                 is
                 wholly
                 taken
                 up
                 with
                 
                 beholding
                 the
                 most
                 sumptuous
                 Vaulted
                 ,
                 or
                 Arched
                 Roof
                 ,
                 or
                 Seeling
                 ,
                 Richly
                 garnished
                 with
                 Gold.
                 
              
               
                 This
                 College
                 stands
                 towards
                 the
                 East
                 ,
                 over
                 the
                 Chamber
                 of
                 the
                 Prince
                 ,
                 whose
                 vaulted
                 Roof
                 (
                 as
                 at
                 Venice
                 they
                 call
                 it
                 )
                 is
                 partly
                 guilt
                 ,
                 partly
                 Carved
                 with
                 great
                 Artifice
                 ,
                 partly
                 Painted
                 ,
                 and
                 wrought
                 with
                 Histories
                 ,
                 even
                 to
                 Admiration
                 ;
                 At
                 the
                 upper
                 end
                 of
                 this
                 Hall
                 ,
                 is
                 exalted
                 the
                 Imperial
                 Throne
                 of
                 the
                 Duke
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Images
                 of
                 Venice
                 ,
                 figured
                 by
                 a
                 Queen
                 ,
                 who
                 disposeth
                 the
                 Crown
                 upon
                 his
                 Head.
                 Here
                 the
                 Duke
                 with
                 the
                 Senatours
                 transact
                 the
                 affairs
                 of
                 State
                 ,
                 and
                 give
                 Audience
                 to
                 Embassadours
                 ,
                 as
                 well
                 such
                 as
                 have
                 recourse
                 to
                 them
                 from
                 their
                 own
                 Territories
                 ,
                 and
                 Cities
                 ,
                 as
                 of
                 Foreign
                 Princes
                 .
                 Out
                 of
                 which
                 leads
                 a
                 door
                 into
                 another
                 great
                 Hall
                 ,
                 wherein
                 are
                 figured
                 all
                 the
                 Provinces
                 ,
                 which
                 the
                 Venetians
                 possess
                 upon
                 the
                 firm
                 Land
                 ,
                 where
                 also
                 are
                 erected
                 eleven
                 most
                 excellent
                 Statues
                 of
                 Emperours
                 .
                 Issuing
                 forth
                 of
                 these
                 Places
                 ,
                 and
                 walking
                 towards
                 the
                 Sea
                 ,
                 you
                 meet
                 the
                 dreadful
                 Tribunals
                 of
                 the
                 Counsel
                 of
                 Tenne
                 ,
                 where
                 every
                 Place
                 gloriously
                 shines
                 with
                 Gold
                 and
                 costliness
                 .
              
               
                 A
                 little
                 more
                 forwards
                 is
                 the
                 spacious
                 Hall
                 ,
                 or
                 Senate
                 House
                 of
                 the
                 Great
                 Counsel
                 ,
                 where
                 they
                 dispose
                 the
                 publique
                 Offices
                 ,
                 and
                 Ballott
                 the
                 Magistrates
                 ;
                 which
                 Counsel
                 orders
                 it self
                 in
                 this
                 manner
                 .
                 First
                 the
                 Duke
                 royally
                 clad
                 ,
                 sits
                 on
                 a
                 Throne
                 ,
                 raised
                 a
                 good
                 higth
                 from
                 the
                 Ground
                 .
                 On
                 his
                 Right
                 Hand
                 ,
                 he
                 hath
                 three
                 Counsellors
                 near
                 him
                 ,
                 accompanyed
                 by
                 one
                 of
                 the
                 Chief
                 of
                 the
                 Magistrates
                 of
                 forty
                 ,
                 for
                 Criminal
                 Offences
                 :
                 Just
                 opposite
                 to
                 the
                 Prince
                 at
                 the
                 other
                 End
                 of
                 the
                 Great
                 Hall
                 ,
                 sits
                 one
                 of
                 the
                 Chief
                 of
                 the
                 Illustrious
                 Counsel
                 of
                 the
                 Tenne
                 .
                 A
                 little
                 from
                 whence
                 seats
                 himself
                 one
                 of
                 the
                 Advocates
                 of
                 Comminalty
                 .
                 In
                 the
                 Angles
                 ,
                 or
                 Corners
                 of
                 the
                 Great
                 Hall
                 ,
                 stands
                 the
                 Old
                 and
                 New
                 Auditors
                 .
                 In
                 the
                 middle
                 are
                 the
                 Censors
                 .
                 The
                 rest
                 of
                 the
                 Nobles
                 of
                 Venice
                 sit
                 promiscuously
                 in
                 other
                 Seats
                 less
                 raised
                 from
                 the
                 plain
                 ground
                 of
                 the
                 great
                 Hall.
                 Into
                 which
                 Counsel
                 cannot
                 be
                 admitted
                 any
                 that
                 is
                 not
                 Noble
                 ,
                 and
                 who
                 is
                 not
                 above
                 the
                 age
                 of
                 twenty
                 five
                 years
                 .
                 Afterwards
                 the
                 Grand
                 Chancellour
                 (
                 having
                 first
                 recommended
                 to
                 every
                 One
                 their
                 duty
                 ,
                 to
                 elect
                 a
                 Person
                 fit
                 for
                 that
                 Magistracy
                 )
                 names
                 the
                 first
                 Competitor
                 .
                 Then
                 certain
                 litle
                 Lads
                 ,
                 go
                 up
                 and
                 down
                 the
                 Hall
                 with
                 double
                 Boxes
                 ,
                 the
                 one
                 wherof
                 is
                 white
                 ,
                 the
                 other
                 green
                 ;
                 The
                 White
                 forwards
                 ,
                 the
                 Green
                 more
                 inward
                 gathering
                 the
                 Balls
                 ,
                 which
                 Balls
                 are
                 small
                 ,
                 and
                 made
                 of
                 Cloth
                 ,
                 that
                 by
                 the
                 sound
                 of
                 the
                 fall
                 into
                 the
                 Box
                 ,
                 may
                 not
                 be
                 judged
                 into
                 which
                 't
                 is
                 cast
                 ,
                 and
                 before
                 he
                 casts
                 in
                 ,
                 the
                 suffrage
                 giver
                 ,
                 must
                 shew
                 that
                 he
                 hath
                 but
                 one
                 Ball
                 ,
                 and
                 also
                 tell
                 the
                 name
                 of
                 that
                 Gentleman
                 who
                 stands
                 for
                 those
                 that
                 perhaps
                 have
                 not
                 well
                 heard
                 who
                 't
                 was
                 ,
                 do
                 it
                 (
                 many
                 times
                 )
                 over
                 again
                 ;
                 He
                 that
                 would
                 exclude
                 the
                 Stander
                 casts
                 the
                 Balls
                 into
                 the
                 Green
                 Box
                 ,
                 and
                 he
                 that
                 would
                 have
                 him
                 chosen
                 casts
                 them
                 into
                 the
                 White
                 Box
                 ,
                 which
                 are
                 made
                 in
                 such
                 a
                 Form
                 that
                 none
                 can
                 discern
                 into
                 which
                 of
                 the
                 Boxes
                 they
                 put
                 their
                 Balls
                 ,
                 The
                 Procurators
                 of
                 Saint
                 Mark
                 ,
                 never
                 enter
                 into
                 this
                 Great
                 Counsel
                 ,
                 Except
                 at
                 the
                 Election
                 of
                 the
                 Duke
                 )
                 but
                 stand
                 under
                 the
                 Lodge
                 with
                 the
                 Master
                 &
                 Officers
                 of
                 the
                 Arsenal
                 ,
                 while
                 that
                 great
                 Counsel
                 is
                 gathered
                 together
                 for
                 its
                 Guard
                 ,
                 dividing
                 among
                 themselves
                 those
                 dayes
                 ,
                 whereon
                 they
                 ought
                 to
                 have
                 this
                 Charge
                 .
                 But
                 of
                 these
                 things
                 for
                 further
                 satisfaction
                 we
                 referr
                 the
                 Reader
                 to
                 such
                 ,
                 who
                 treat
                 of
                 them
                 at
                 large
                 ,
                 herein
                 intending
                 only
                 to
                 glance
                 briefly
                 at
                 the
                 most
                 remarkable
                 things
                 .
              
               
               
                 This
                 great
                 Hall
                 ,
                 is
                 seventy
                 three
                 foot
                 broad
                 ,
                 &
                 one
                 hundred
                 &
                 fifty
                 foot
                 long
                 ,
                 and
                 was
                 begun
                 in
                 the
                 year
                 ,
                 One
                 thousand
                 three
                 hundred
                 &
                 nine
                 .
                 On
                 its
                 walls
                 were
                 drawn
                 by
                 the
                 most
                 excellent
                 Painters
                 of
                 that
                 Age
                 ,
                 the
                 victories
                 of
                 this
                 Commonwealth
                 ,
                 Its
                 Princes
                 ,
                 with
                 many
                 other
                 famous
                 Men
                 of
                 Italy
                 ,
                 which
                 being
                 spoyled
                 by
                 the
                 smoak
                 of
                 that
                 Fire
                 ,
                 which
                 happened
                 in
                 the
                 year
                 ,
                 1577.
                 in
                 liew
                 thereof
                 ,
                 was
                 Painted
                 the
                 History
                 of
                 Alexander
                 the
                 third
                 chief
                 Bishop
                 of
                 Rome
                 ,
                 and
                 Frederick
                 the
                 Emperour
                 ,
                 with
                 the
                 subjection
                 of
                 Constantinople
                 ,
                 to
                 the
                 Venetian
                 Republique
                 .
                 The
                 Floors
                 are
                 wonderful
                 neat
                 :
                 Towards
                 the
                 East
                 ,
                 is
                 seated
                 the
                 Throne
                 of
                 the
                 Prince
                 ,
                 over
                 which
                 is
                 a
                 Paradise
                 Painted
                 by
                 the
                 hand
                 of
                 Tintoretto
                 (
                 which
                 was
                 formerly
                 Painted
                 by
                 Guariento
                 )
                 and
                 fils
                 up
                 all
                 that
                 Front.
                 In
                 the
                 Front
                 over
                 against
                 that
                 ,
                 within
                 a
                 square
                 of
                 Marble
                 ,
                 is
                 an
                 Image
                 of
                 the
                 Holy
                 Virgin
                 ,
                 holding
                 in
                 her
                 Arms
                 ,
                 her
                 little
                 Infant
                 ,
                 compassed
                 about
                 by
                 four
                 Angels
                 .
                 The
                 Windows
                 of
                 this
                 Hall
                 ,
                 look
                 some
                 into
                 the
                 Court
                 ,
                 and
                 others
                 into
                 the
                 Sea.
                 Near
                 hereunto
                 is
                 the
                 Magazine
                 of
                 the
                 Pallace
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 never
                 opened
                 ,
                 but
                 to
                 Foreign
                 Princes
                 ,
                 wherein
                 is
                 provision
                 of
                 Arms
                 ,
                 for
                 fifteen
                 hundred
                 Gentlemen
                 ,
                 more
                 or
                 less
                 ,
                 and
                 't
                 is
                 divided
                 into
                 four
                 spatious
                 Portals
                 ,
                 with
                 the
                 Doors
                 thereof
                 of
                 Cipres
                 Wood
                 ,
                 which
                 give
                 a
                 most
                 sweet
                 savour
                 .
                 On
                 the
                 other
                 side
                 of
                 the
                 Hall
                 of
                 the
                 Great
                 Counsel
                 is
                 beheld
                 the
                 Hall
                 of
                 the
                 Inquisitors
                 ,
                 with
                 many
                 and
                 divers
                 Pictures
                 ,
                 amongst
                 which
                 is
                 a
                 Judgement
                 ,
                 drawn
                 by
                 the
                 hand
                 of
                 Tintoretto
                 .
              
               
                 Thence
                 descending
                 by
                 the
                 Foscaran
                 Stayers
                 ,
                 you
                 enter
                 the
                 Dukes
                 Chappel
                 being
                 the
                 Cathedral
                 Church
                 of
                 S.
                 Mark
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 built
                 with
                 the
                 fairest
                 and
                 finest
                 Marble
                 with
                 great
                 skill
                 ,
                 and
                 no
                 less
                 expence
                 ,
                 whose
                 Pavement
                 is
                 composed
                 all
                 of
                 little
                 pieces
                 of
                 Porphiry
                 ,
                 and
                 Serpentine
                 ,
                 and
                 other
                 pretious
                 Stones
                 after
                 the
                 Mosaick
                 manner
                 ,
                 with
                 divers
                 Figures
                 .
                 Among
                 others
                 ,
                 there
                 are
                 some
                 Figures
                 Effigiated
                 by
                 Commission
                 of
                 
                   Gionachino
                   Abbat
                
                 of
                 
                   Santo
                   Fiore
                
                 (
                 as
                 is
                 the
                 common
                 Fame
                 )
                 by
                 which
                 is
                 presaged
                 and
                 demonstrated
                 the
                 great
                 ruine
                 which
                 will
                 fall
                 upon
                 the
                 People
                 of
                 Italy
                 ,
                 with
                 other
                 strange
                 misfortunes
                 :
                 Where
                 you
                 beheld
                 two
                 Cocks
                 ,
                 very
                 boldly
                 to
                 carry
                 away
                 a
                 Fox
                 (
                 wich
                 signifies
                 (
                 as
                 some
                 will
                 have
                 it
                 )
                 that
                 two
                 French
                 Kings
                 should
                 carry
                 away
                 ,
                 and
                 force
                 
                   Lodovico
                   Sforza
                
                 out
                 of
                 the
                 Seigniory
                 of
                 Milan
                 .
                 And
                 also
                 some
                 Lyons
                 Large
                 and
                 Fat
                 appear
                 as
                 put
                 in
                 the
                 Water
                 ,
                 and
                 some
                 others
                 set
                 upon
                 the
                 shore
                 very
                 lean
                 .
                 Upon
                 the
                 Walls
                 of
                 the
                 finest
                 Marble
                 ,
                 on
                 the
                 left
                 hand
                 ,
                 are
                 two
                 Tables
                 of
                 white
                 Marble
                 ,
                 somewhat
                 weaved
                 with
                 black
                 ,
                 which
                 at
                 their
                 joyning
                 ,
                 represent
                 a
                 Man
                 ,
                 so
                 perfectly
                 figured
                 ,
                 that
                 't
                 is
                 very
                 wonderful
                 to
                 consider
                 it
                 .
                 Whereof
                 
                   Albertus
                   Magnus
                
                 in
                 a
                 work
                 called
                 Meteora
                 (
                 as
                 of
                 a
                 great
                 rarity
                 )
                 makes
                 mention
                 .
                 There
                 are
                 in
                 this
                 sumptuous
                 Temple
                 (
                 reckoned
                 amongst
                 the
                 chief
                 of
                 Europe
                 ,
                 (
                 though
                 not
                 so
                 much
                 for
                 its
                 vastness
                 ,
                 as
                 the
                 design
                 and
                 pretious
                 materials
                 )
                 thirty
                 six
                 Collumnes
                 of
                 the
                 finest
                 Marble
                 ,
                 which
                 are
                 large
                 two
                 feet
                 Diamiter
                 .
                 The
                 Roof
                 of
                 it
                 is
                 divided
                 into
                 five
                 Cupoloes
                 covered
                 with
                 Lead
                 .
                 From
                 the
                 plain
                 of
                 this
                 Place
                 ,
                 to
                 the
                 very
                 Top
                 of
                 the
                 Temple
                 ,
                 are
                 the
                 Fronts
                 wrought
                 up
                 in
                 Mosaicke
                 work
                 ,
                 with
                 Figures
                 in
                 a
                 Field
                 of
                 Gold
                 ,
                 and
                 certain
                 little
                 Heads
                 of
                 Pillars
                 ,
                 and
                 Juttings
                 out
                 ,
                 or
                 Eeves
                 of
                 Marble
                 ,
                 upon
                 which
                 are
                 set
                 certain
                 Images
                 carved
                 in
                 Marble
                 so
                 perfectly
                 ,
                 that
                 they
                 seem
                 alive
                 .
                 There
                 are
                 also
                 above
                 this
                 place
                 on
                 that
                 part
                 ,
                 which
                 lies
                 over
                 the
                 great
                 Gate
                 (
                 whereof
                 this
                 Part
                 hath
                 five
                 made
                 of
                 Brass
                 )
                 
                 four
                 Horses
                 very
                 Antique
                 of
                 Brass
                 guilt
                 ,
                 of
                 an
                 exact
                 Proportion
                 ,
                 and
                 extremely
                 beautiful
                 ,
                 which
                 the
                 Romans
                 caused
                 to
                 be
                 cast
                 ,
                 to
                 put
                 them
                 in
                 the
                 Triumfal
                 Arch
                 of
                 Nero
                 ,
                 when
                 he
                 Triumphed
                 over
                 the
                 Parthians
                 ,
                 and
                 they
                 being
                 afterwards
                 transported
                 by
                 Constantine
                 to
                 Constantinople
                 ;
                 from
                 thence
                 (
                 the
                 Venetians
                 being
                 thereof
                 become
                 Lords
                 )
                 transported
                 them
                 to
                 Venice
                 ,
                 setting
                 them
                 upon
                 the
                 Temple
                 of
                 Saint
                 Mark.
                 In
                 the
                 Porch
                 of
                 the
                 said
                 Church
                 ,
                 is
                 seen
                 a
                 red
                 square
                 Marble
                 Stone
                 ,
                 upon
                 which
                 Alexander
                 the
                 third
                 set
                 his
                 Foot
                 upon
                 the
                 neck
                 of
                 Frederick
                 the
                 Emperour
                 ,
                 whereon
                 for
                 that
                 reason
                 ,
                 are
                 engraven
                 these
                 words
                 :
                 
                   Super
                   Aspidem
                   ,
                   &
                   Basiliscum
                   ambulabis
                   .
                
              
               
                 After
                 which
                 mounting
                 to
                 the
                 Top
                 of
                 the
                 Quire
                 ,
                 by
                 certain
                 Steps
                 of
                 the
                 finest
                 Stones
                 ,
                 you
                 come
                 to
                 the
                 place
                 where
                 the
                 Singers
                 stand
                 on
                 the
                 Chief
                 Feast
                 dayes
                 .
                 There
                 upon
                 the
                 great
                 Alter
                 ,
                 is
                 the
                 rich
                 and
                 fair
                 Pixe
                 framed
                 of
                 Gold
                 and
                 Silver
                 ,
                 bedecked
                 with
                 many
                 pretious
                 Stones
                 ,
                 and
                 Perl
                 of
                 an
                 infinite
                 price
                 ,
                 which
                 all
                 persons
                 admire
                 that
                 behold
                 it
                 .
                 This
                 Altar
                 is
                 covered
                 over
                 by
                 one
                 Arch
                 ,
                 disposed
                 into
                 the
                 form
                 of
                 a
                 Cross
                 ,
                 adorned
                 with
                 Marble
                 ,
                 which
                 the
                 Antients
                 called
                 Tiberiano
                 ,
                 supported
                 with
                 four
                 Pillars
                 of
                 excellent
                 Marble
                 ;
                 wherein
                 are
                 carved
                 the
                 History
                 of
                 the
                 Old
                 and
                 New
                 Testaments
                 .
                 Behind
                 this
                 Altar
                 ,
                 arise
                 four
                 Pillars
                 of
                 the
                 purest
                 Alablaster
                 ,
                 five
                 foot
                 in
                 length
                 ,
                 transparent
                 as
                 Glass
                 ,
                 placed
                 there
                 for
                 Ornament
                 of
                 the
                 Sacred
                 and
                 Holy
                 Body
                 of
                 Jesus
                 Christ
                 consecrated
                 or
                 the
                 Eucharist
                 .
                 In
                 this
                 Church
                 are
                 preserved
                 with
                 great
                 devotion
                 ,
                 many
                 Reliques
                 :
                 and
                 among
                 others
                 the
                 Body
                 of
                 the
                 Evangelist
                 ,
                 this
                 Republiques
                 Protector
                 Saint
                 Mark
                 ,
                 with
                 his
                 Gospel
                 written
                 by
                 his
                 own
                 hand
                 .
              
               
                 On
                 the
                 right
                 hand
                 of
                 the
                 Temple
                 ,
                 in
                 the
                 midst
                 thereof
                 ,
                 is
                 a
                 large
                 and
                 high
                 Gate
                 ,
                 wrought
                 all
                 of
                 Mosaique
                 work
                 ,
                 on
                 the
                 one
                 side
                 wherof
                 stands
                 the
                 Effigies
                 of
                 Saint
                 Dominick
                 ,
                 and
                 on
                 the
                 other
                 that
                 of
                 Saint
                 Francisco
                 ,
                 which
                 as
                 't
                 is
                 reported
                 ,
                 were
                 made
                 by
                 order
                 of
                 the
                 above
                 named
                 Gionachino
                 many
                 years
                 before
                 the
                 said
                 Saints
                 came
                 into
                 the
                 world
                 .
                 Within
                 this
                 Gate
                 is
                 kept
                 the
                 most
                 rich
                 Treasure
                 of
                 Saint
                 Mark
                 so
                 much
                 spoken
                 of
                 ;
                 wherein
                 are
                 twelve
                 pretious
                 Crowns
                 ,
                 with
                 twelve
                 Brest
                 Plates
                 ,
                 all
                 compassed
                 about
                 with
                 fine
                 Gold
                 ,
                 and
                 garnished
                 with
                 many
                 Stones
                 of
                 great
                 value
                 .
                 Among
                 divers
                 others
                 ,
                 with
                 
                   Rubies
                   ,
                   Emeralds
                   ,
                   Topasses
                   ,
                   Crisolits
                   ,
                
                 and
                 other
                 pretious
                 Stones
                 ,
                 and
                 Perls
                 of
                 numatchable
                 bigness
                 ;
                 Two
                 Unicorns
                 Horns
                 of
                 a
                 great
                 length
                 ,
                 with
                 a
                 third
                 somewhat
                 less
                 .
                 Many
                 very
                 large
                 Carbuncles
                 ,
                 Vessels
                 of
                 Gold
                 ,
                 Scollops
                 of
                 Agat
                 ,
                 and
                 Jasper
                 Stones
                 of
                 a
                 good
                 bigness
                 .
                 One
                 Huge
                 Ruby
                 given
                 this
                 State
                 ,
                 by
                 
                   Domenico
                   Grimani
                
                 ,
                 a
                 most
                 worthy
                 Cardinal
                 .
                 An
                 Emerald
                 hower-glass
                 heretofore
                 presented
                 to
                 this
                 most
                 illustrious
                 Seigniory
                 ,
                 by
                 Uscassano
                 King
                 of
                 Persia
                 ,
                 with
                 many
                 other
                 pretious
                 things
                 ▪
                 Vessels
                 ,
                 and
                 Censores
                 of
                 Gold
                 ,
                 and
                 Silver
                 .
                 There
                 also
                 lies
                 the
                 Mitre
                 or
                 Bonnet
                 (
                 as
                 we
                 call
                 it
                 )
                 with
                 which
                 every
                 new
                 Duke
                 is
                 Crowned
                 .
                 The
                 which
                 is
                 traversed
                 all
                 over
                 with
                 the
                 finest
                 Gold
                 ,
                 and
                 pollish't
                 ,
                 in
                 whose
                 wreathes
                 ,
                 are
                 many
                 most
                 pretious
                 stones
                 ;
                 and
                 at
                 the
                 very
                 Top
                 ,
                 a
                 Carbuncle
                 of
                 inestimable
                 valew
                 ;
                 I
                 might
                 also
                 speak
                 of
                 the
                 Candle-sticks
                 ,
                 and
                 Challices
                 ,
                 with
                 other
                 things
                 of
                 such
                 imminent
                 valew
                 ,
                 as
                 may
                 create
                 wonder
                 in
                 the
                 beholders
                 ,
                 but
                 would
                 take
                 up
                 too
                 much
                 time
                 and
                 room
                 to
                 describe
                 them
                 in
                 this
                 Abreviation
                 .
              
               
               
                 Just
                 opposite
                 to
                 this
                 Temple
                 ,
                 and
                 distant
                 from
                 it
                 about
                 Eighty
                 Paces
                 ,
                 stands
                 the
                 high
                 Steeple
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 40.
                 
                 Foot
                 square
                 on
                 all
                 sides
                 ,
                 and
                 Two
                 Hundred
                 and
                 Thirty
                 high
                 ,
                 with
                 an
                 Angel
                 set
                 upon
                 the
                 Top
                 ,
                 which
                 like
                 a
                 Weather-cock
                 turning
                 with
                 the
                 Wind
                 to
                 all
                 corners
                 where
                 it
                 blowes
                 ,
                 ever
                 hath
                 the
                 Face
                 towards
                 it
                 .
                 All
                 the
                 said
                 Top
                 or
                 upper
                 part
                 thereof
                 ,
                 is
                 richly
                 guilt
                 ,
                 which
                 presents
                 it
                 to
                 the
                 Eye
                 of
                 such
                 as
                 addresse
                 to
                 Venice
                 ,
                 (
                 by
                 reason
                 of
                 the
                 reflection
                 of
                 the
                 hot
                 Sun
                 thereon
                 )
                 Lucidely
                 shining
                 at
                 a
                 great
                 distance
                 ;
                 In
                 the
                 foundation
                 of
                 this
                 Steeple
                 was
                 more
                 expended
                 (
                 as
                 Sabellico
                 declares
                 )
                 than
                 in
                 all
                 the
                 other
                 structure
                 .
                 They
                 ascend
                 to
                 the
                 uppermost
                 part
                 of
                 this
                 Steeple
                 ,
                 by
                 certain
                 little
                 winding
                 steps
                 within
                 ,
                 where
                 a
                 most
                 excellent
                 Prospect
                 discovers
                 it self
                 :
                 as
                 first
                 ,
                 the
                 City
                 of
                 Venice
                 ,
                 divided
                 into
                 six
                 Precincts
                 ,
                 consisting
                 of
                 many
                 little
                 Islands
                 ,
                 whose
                 Bankes
                 are
                 conjoyned
                 with
                 Bridges
                 ,
                 the
                 Streets
                 ,
                 the
                 open
                 Places
                 ,
                 the
                 Churches
                 ,
                 the
                 Monasteries
                 ,
                 and
                 other
                 sumptuous
                 structures
                 ;
                 Moreover
                 ,
                 the
                 small
                 Islands
                 seated
                 round
                 about
                 the
                 City
                 to
                 the
                 number
                 of
                 sixty
                 ,
                 with
                 their
                 Monasteries
                 ,
                 Churches
                 ,
                 Pallaces
                 ,
                 and
                 most
                 beautiful
                 Gardens
                 ;
                 Upon
                 some
                 of
                 which
                 Islands
                 ,
                 are
                 erected
                 many
                 Collumnes
                 ,
                 by
                 the
                 Aquleiesi
                 ,
                 the
                 Vicentini
                 ,
                 the
                 
                   Opitergini
                   ,
                   Concordiesi
                   ,
                   Altinati
                
                 ,
                 and
                 several
                 other
                 People
                 ,
                 who
                 to
                 fly
                 the
                 Fury
                 of
                 Attila
                 ,
                 King
                 of
                 the
                 Hunnes
                 ,
                 recovered
                 this
                 Place
                 ;
                 gives
                 no
                 small
                 Imbellishment
                 to
                 this
                 View
                 .
                 Between
                 the
                 said
                 Moorish
                 Grounds
                 ,
                 now
                 the
                 Streets
                 and
                 the
                 Sea
                 ,
                 by
                 Dame
                 Nature
                 is
                 raised
                 a
                 Fence
                 or
                 Bank
                 ,
                 to
                 defend
                 the
                 City
                 &
                 the
                 small
                 Islands
                 ,
                 against
                 the
                 furious
                 Waves
                 of
                 the
                 Sea
                 ,
                 (
                 with
                 which
                 't
                 is
                 invironed
                 )
                 Which
                 Fence
                 is
                 Thirty
                 five
                 Miles
                 long
                 ,
                 and
                 bends
                 in
                 the
                 shape
                 of
                 a
                 Bow
                 ,
                 opening
                 it self
                 in
                 five
                 several
                 Places
                 ,
                 for
                 each
                 of
                 which
                 is
                 a
                 Gate
                 ,
                 as
                 well
                 to
                 permit
                 Barkes
                 to
                 enter
                 in
                 at
                 them
                 ,
                 as
                 to
                 maintain
                 the
                 said
                 Channels
                 full
                 of
                 Water
                 .
                 The
                 profound
                 Havens
                 of
                 Chioza
                 ,
                 and
                 Malamocco
                 ,
                 with
                 the
                 Forts
                 built
                 at
                 the
                 Mouth
                 of
                 the
                 said
                 Havens
                 ,
                 to
                 keep
                 any
                 Armado
                 or
                 Fleet
                 at
                 a
                 distance
                 ;
                 And
                 lastly
                 ,
                 the
                 beholding
                 the
                 Mountaines
                 of
                 Carnia
                 ,
                 and
                 of
                 Histria
                 ,
                 and
                 on
                 the
                 Right
                 Hand
                 ,
                 the
                 Apenine
                 Hills
                 ,
                 with
                 Lumbardy
                 ,
                 together
                 with
                 the
                 Famous
                 Hills
                 called
                 Euganei
                 ,
                 with
                 the
                 mouthes
                 of
                 the
                 Rivers
                 Adice
                 ,
                 and
                 Poe
                 ,
                 and
                 behind
                 them
                 the
                 Alpes
                 of
                 Baviera
                 ,
                 and
                 of
                 the
                 Gerisons
                 ,
                 alwaies
                 covered
                 with
                 Snow
                 ,
                 gives
                 no
                 small
                 satisfaction
                 ,
                 nor
                 beauty
                 to
                 his
                 Prospect
                 .
              
               
                 And
                 now
                 we
                 come
                 to
                 the
                 Famous
                 Piazza
                 ,
                 or
                 broad
                 place
                 of
                 S.
                 Mark
                 ,
                 whose
                 platform
                 resembles
                 a
                 Carpenters
                 square
                 ,
                 at
                 the
                 one
                 end
                 whereof
                 stands
                 the
                 Admirable
                 Church
                 of
                 St.
                 Mark
                 ,
                 and
                 at
                 the
                 other
                 ,
                 That
                 of
                 St.
                 Geminian
                 ,
                 wrought
                 with
                 excellent
                 Stones
                 ,
                 and
                 round
                 the
                 said
                 Place
                 are
                 built
                 fair
                 and
                 sumptuous
                 Houses
                 all
                 of
                 Marble
                 Stone
                 ,
                 under
                 which
                 are
                 large
                 open
                 Galleries
                 ,
                 wherein
                 are
                 Shops
                 for
                 several
                 Artificors
                 .
                 In
                 this
                 place
                 daily
                 appear
                 an
                 infinite
                 number
                 of
                 Persons
                 ,
                 of
                 all
                 Qualities
                 and
                 Countries
                 ,
                 in
                 their
                 several
                 Habits
                 ,
                 as
                 well
                 for
                 Newes
                 and
                 Discourses
                 ,
                 as
                 for
                 Traffick
                 and
                 Merchandize
                 .
              
               
                 At
                 the
                 upper
                 end
                 of
                 the
                 said
                 Place
                 ,
                 upon
                 the
                 Channel
                 called
                 
                   La
                   Gi●…deca
                
                 ,
                 are
                 two
                 Pillars
                 admired
                 for
                 their
                 Heigth
                 and
                 Bigness
                 ,
                 which
                 were
                 transported
                 heretofore
                 from
                 Constantinople
                 ,
                 upon
                 the
                 one
                 whereof
                 ,
                 stands
                 a
                 Winged
                 Lyon
                 ,
                 the
                 Republick
                 Armes
                 ,
                 in
                 token
                 of
                 St.
                 Marke
                 their
                 Protector
                 ,
                 with
                 this
                 Motto
                 ,
                 
                   Pax
                   tibi
                   Marce
                   Evangelist●…mens
                
                 ,
                 and
                 upon
                 the
                 other
                 ,
                 is
                 set
                 the
                 Statue
                 of
                 St.
                 Theodore
                 ,
                 between
                 which
                 Justice
                 is
                 done
                 upon
                 Traitorous
                 Persons
                 .
                 These
                 were
                 brought
                 
                 from
                 Greece
                 to
                 Venice
                 ,
                 in
                 the
                 time
                 of
                 
                   Sebastian
                   Ciani
                
                 the
                 Duke
                 ,
                 upon
                 ,
                 certain
                 Vessels
                 of
                 burden
                 ,
                 together
                 with
                 another
                 of
                 equal
                 Greatness
                 ,
                 the
                 which
                 overcomming
                 the
                 Power
                 and
                 Industry
                 of
                 the
                 Workmen
                 labouring
                 to
                 lay
                 it
                 on
                 the
                 Earth
                 ,
                 it
                 fell
                 into
                 the
                 Water
                 ,
                 where
                 at
                 this
                 time
                 t
                 is
                 to
                 be
                 seen
                 in
                 the
                 Deep
                 :
                 These
                 vast
                 Columns
                 ,
                 were
                 reared
                 by
                 an
                 Engineer
                 of
                 Lombardy
                 named
                 
                   Nicolo
                   Berreterro
                
                 ,
                 by
                 the
                 strength
                 of
                 great
                 Ropes
                 wet
                 with
                 water
                 ,
                 retiring
                 by
                 little
                 and
                 little
                 ;
                 who
                 asked
                 no
                 other
                 reward
                 for
                 this
                 his
                 worke
                 ,
                 but
                 that
                 it
                 might
                 be
                 Lawful
                 for
                 Dice-Players
                 to
                 play
                 there
                 when
                 they
                 pleased
                 without
                 any
                 penalty
                 :
                 This
                 Piazza
                 is
                 not
                 intirely
                 one
                 alone
                 ,
                 but
                 fower
                 united
                 together
                 .
                 Opposite
                 to
                 the
                 Church
                 are
                 reared
                 three
                 Standards
                 upon
                 three
                 high
                 pieces
                 of
                 Timber
                 which
                 are
                 fastened
                 by
                 Lead
                 cast
                 into
                 the
                 boared
                 holes
                 ,
                 they
                 are
                 wrought
                 with
                 figures
                 to
                 denote
                 the
                 liberty
                 of
                 this
                 City
                 ,
                 and
                 have
                 Brass
                 Pedestalls
                 .
                 On
                 the
                 right
                 side
                 of
                 the
                 Church
                 stands
                 the
                 Clock
                 house
                 adorned
                 with
                 the
                 Celestial
                 Signs
                 gilt
                 thereon
                 ,
                 with
                 the
                 Sun
                 and
                 Moons
                 monethly
                 ingress
                 into
                 them
                 ,
                 most
                 exactly
                 wrought
                 and
                 painted
                 .
                 Neer
                 the
                 Steeple
                 is
                 a
                 sumptuous
                 Palace
                 built
                 in
                 this
                 Age
                 ,
                 after
                 the
                 Ionick
                 and
                 Dorick
                 fashion
                 ,
                 which
                 reaches
                 even
                 to
                 the
                 Church
                 of
                 Sain
                 Geminian
                 ,
                 which
                 for
                 the
                 excellency
                 of
                 the
                 Marble
                 ,
                 Statues
                 ,
                 Casements
                 ,
                 Cornishes
                 ,
                 Frets
                 and
                 other
                 ornaments
                 ,
                 together
                 with
                 the
                 most
                 incomparable
                 Architecture
                 ,
                 gives
                 not
                 place
                 to
                 any
                 palace
                 of
                 Italy
                 .
                 Next
                 is
                 the
                 Zecca
                 or
                 Mint-house
                 built
                 all
                 of
                 flint
                 Stone
                 ,
                 and
                 Iron
                 Barrs
                 ,
                 without
                 any
                 manner
                 of
                 Timber
                 .
                 Annexed
                 thereunto
                 Stands
                 the
                 Library
                 ,
                 which
                 had
                 its
                 Original
                 from
                 Petrarca
                 ,
                 and
                 was
                 afterwards
                 aggrandized
                 by
                 the
                 Cardinals
                 
                   Niceno
                   ,
                   Alexandro
                
                 ,
                 and
                 Grimano
                 .
                 Lastly
                 ,
                 this
                 Piazza
                 is
                 rendred
                 so
                 Proud
                 and
                 marvellous
                 ,
                 by
                 the
                 Uniformity
                 of
                 Building
                 ,
                 and
                 other
                 Imbellishments
                 ,
                 that
                 I
                 cannot
                 say
                 all
                 Europe
                 affords
                 its
                 like
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Island
                 Muran
                 ,
                 must
                 next
                 be
                 visited
                 by
                 taking
                 Gondola
                 ,
                 or
                 Boat
                 ,
                 
                 which
                 for
                 its
                 Furnaces
                 of
                 Glass
                 is
                 much
                 admired
                 through
                 the
                 World.
                 This
                 Island
                 is
                 distant
                 from
                 Venice
                 about
                 a
                 Mile
                 ,
                 and
                 was
                 begun
                 to
                 be
                 inhabited
                 by
                 the
                 Altinati
                 ,
                 and
                 Opitergini
                 ,
                 for
                 fear
                 of
                 the
                 Hunnes
                 .
                 At
                 present
                 't
                 is
                 very
                 comely
                 ,
                 and
                 resembling
                 Venice
                 ,
                 as
                 well
                 in
                 the
                 structures
                 ,
                 as
                 in
                 the
                 Quantity
                 of
                 Churches
                 ,
                 but
                 much
                 more
                 pleasant
                 and
                 delightful
                 ,
                 in
                 respect
                 most
                 of
                 the
                 Houses
                 have
                 open
                 and
                 spacious
                 Gardens
                 ,
                 set
                 with
                 all
                 sorts
                 of
                 fruitful
                 Trees
                 .
                 Among
                 others
                 ,
                 is
                 the
                 Church
                 of
                 Saint
                 Peter
                 ,
                 with
                 a
                 Monastery
                 belonging
                 to
                 the
                 preaching
                 Fryers
                 ,
                 well
                 built
                 ,
                 wherein
                 is
                 a
                 famous
                 Library
                 full
                 of
                 good
                 Books
                 .
              
               
                 In
                 this
                 Place
                 they
                 make
                 all
                 sorts
                 of
                 Vessels
                 of
                 Glass
                 (
                 called
                 Crystal
                 Glass
                 )
                 whose
                 variety
                 &
                 Workmanship
                 surpass
                 all
                 others
                 of
                 the
                 same
                 materials
                 of
                 the
                 whole
                 world
                 .
                 And
                 the
                 Artizans
                 (
                 except
                 in
                 excellency
                 of
                 the
                 materials
                 )
                 every
                 day
                 find
                 out
                 new
                 Inventions
                 to
                 make
                 them
                 appear
                 more
                 desirable
                 ,
                 with
                 works
                 divers
                 from
                 one
                 another
                 .
                 I
                 will
                 not
                 speak
                 of
                 the
                 variety
                 of
                 colours
                 which
                 they
                 give
                 thereunto
                 ,
                 because
                 't
                 is
                 so
                 marvellous
                 that
                 I
                 imagine
                 it
                 worthy
                 all
                 Peoples
                 sight
                 .
                 They
                 counterfet
                 excellently
                 several
                 things
                 of
                 
                   Agate
                   ,
                   Calcidonian
                   ,
                   Emerald
                
                 ,
                 and
                 Hyacinths
                 ,
                 with
                 other
                 pretty
                 Toyes
                 so
                 excellently
                 ,
                 that
                 I
                 believe
                 were
                 Pliny
                 to
                 be
                 revived
                 ,
                 and
                 should
                 behold
                 them
                 ,
                 he
                 would
                 (
                 admiring
                 them
                 )
                 much
                 more
                 praise
                 these
                 mens
                 workmanship
                 ,
                 and
                 these
                 artificial
                 things
                 ,
                 than
                 he
                 does
                 the
                 vessels
                 of
                 Earth
                 made
                 and
                 burned
                 by
                 the
                 People
                 of
                 Aretini
                 ,
                 or
                 of
                 any
                 other
                 Nation
                 .
              
               
               
                 Opposite
                 to
                 the
                 Piazza
                 of
                 Saint
                 Mark
                 ,
                 and
                 about
                 half
                 a
                 mile
                 dista●…t
                 ,
                 
                 is
                 seen
                 the
                 Church
                 of
                 Saint
                 George
                 ,
                 the
                 Greater
                 ,
                 a
                 stately
                 structure
                 of
                 Marble
                 .
                 In
                 which
                 is
                 beheld
                 most
                 curious
                 Marble
                 ,
                 both
                 in
                 the
                 Pavements
                 ,
                 and
                 in
                 the
                 Statues
                 ,
                 with
                 rich
                 workmanship
                 of
                 Silver
                 ,
                 and
                 most
                 sumptuous
                 Sepulchres
                 of
                 Princes
                 .
                 The
                 Fryers
                 of
                 Saint
                 Benedict
                 have
                 here
                 a
                 noble
                 Monastery
                 ,
                 wherein
                 are
                 long
                 open
                 Galleries
                 ,
                 spacious
                 Courts
                 ,
                 ample
                 eating-Rooms
                 ,
                 and
                 sleeping-Chambers
                 ,
                 as
                 also
                 most
                 pleasant
                 Gardens
                 ,
                 with
                 a
                 worthy
                 Library
                 .
              
               
                 In
                 Venice
                 are
                 seventeen
                 Rich
                 Hospitals
                 ,
                 with
                 a
                 great
                 number
                 of
                 wealthy
                 Churches
                 ,
                 adorned
                 with
                 the
                 exactest
                 marble
                 Stone
                 ;
                 consisting
                 of
                 sixty
                 seven
                 Parish-Churches
                 fifty
                 fower
                 Convents
                 of
                 Fryers
                 ,
                 twenty
                 six
                 Monasteries
                 of
                 Nunns
                 ,
                 eighteen
                 Chapels
                 ,
                 six
                 Schools
                 ,
                 kept
                 within
                 the
                 Principal
                 Fryeries
                 or
                 Monasteries
                 .
                 In
                 all
                 which
                 Churches
                 are
                 fifty
                 bodies
                 of
                 Saints
                 ,
                 one
                 hundred
                 forty
                 and
                 three
                 Organs
                 ,
                 &
                 many
                 Statues
                 made
                 at
                 the
                 cost
                 of
                 the
                 Republick
                 ,
                 in
                 remembrance
                 of
                 illustrious
                 Persons
                 ,
                 which
                 have
                 valiantly
                 fought
                 for
                 her
                 ,
                 or
                 done
                 some
                 other
                 signal
                 piece
                 of
                 service
                 ,
                 that
                 is
                 to
                 say
                 ,
                 165
                 of
                 Marble
                 ,
                 and
                 23
                 of
                 Brass
                 ,
                 among
                 which
                 most
                 worthily
                 presents
                 it self
                 ,
                 That
                 proud
                 Statue
                 on
                 Horseback
                 wrought
                 with
                 Gold
                 ,
                 of
                 
                   Bartolomeo
                   Coglione
                
                 the
                 most
                 famous
                 Captain-General
                 of
                 the
                 Venetian
                 Army
                 ,
                 dedicated
                 to
                 him
                 by
                 this
                 Republiek
                 ,
                 before
                 the
                 Church
                 of
                 Saint
                 John
                 and
                 Paul
                 ,
                 in
                 testimony
                 of
                 his
                 Fidelity
                 ,
                 and
                 Valour
                 .
              
               
                 Moreover
                 ,
                 there
                 are
                 fifty
                 six
                 Tribunals
                 ,
                 and
                 ten
                 Gates
                 of
                 Brass
                 .
                 The
                 Store-House
                 of
                 the
                 Germans
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 five
                 hundred
                 and
                 12
                 foot
                 in
                 circumference
                 ,
                 whose
                 Front
                 outwards
                 hath
                 many
                 excellent
                 Figures
                 ,
                 and
                 inwards
                 two
                 Galleries
                 which
                 go
                 quite
                 round
                 the
                 one
                 above
                 the
                 other
                 ,
                 wherein
                 are
                 two
                 hundred
                 Lodging
                 Chambers
                 .
                 There
                 stand
                 also
                 up
                 and
                 down
                 this
                 City
                 ,
                 besides
                 what
                 are
                 above
                 mentioned
                 ,
                 infinite
                 more
                 Statues
                 ,
                 Pictures
                 ,
                 and
                 glorious
                 Tombes
                 .
                 At
                 all
                 seasons
                 it
                 abounds
                 plentifully
                 with
                 fruits
                 and
                 herbs
                 of
                 all
                 sorts
                 ,
                 and
                 two
                 hundred
                 several
                 sorts
                 of
                 Fish
                 :
                 furthermore
                 there
                 are
                 four-hundred
                 and
                 fifty
                 bridges
                 of
                 Stone
                 ,
                 fourscore
                 thousand
                 Gondaloes
                 or
                 Boats
                 ,
                 with
                 twice
                 as
                 many
                 Gondaloers
                 or
                 Watermen
                 ,
                 with
                 a
                 vast
                 number
                 of
                 Chanels
                 ,
                 among
                 the
                 which
                 the
                 Principal
                 is
                 called
                 the
                 Grand
                 Canale
                 ,
                 or
                 Chanel
                 ,
                 one
                 hundred
                 and
                 thirty
                 paces
                 in
                 length
                 ,
                 and
                 forty
                 in
                 bredth
                 ,
                 over
                 which
                 is
                 built
                 that
                 most
                 artificial
                 Bridge
                 ,
                 called
                 the
                 Rioalto
                 ,
                 being
                 one
                 Arch
                 which
                 conjoynes
                 both
                 the
                 Banks
                 ,
                 to
                 be
                 accounted
                 for
                 its
                 heighth
                 ,
                 length
                 ,
                 and
                 bredth
                 ,
                 amongst
                 the
                 most
                 glorious
                 fabricks
                 of
                 Europe
                 ;
                 whereon
                 are
                 erected
                 twenty
                 four
                 shops
                 covered
                 all
                 alike
                 with
                 lead
                 ,
                 that
                 is
                 to
                 say
                 twelve
                 of
                 a
                 side
                 with
                 magnificent
                 Balustrades
                 behind
                 .
                 They
                 ascend
                 this
                 Brid
                 Bridge
                 by
                 three
                 degrees
                 of
                 steps
                 ,
                 that
                 in
                 the
                 midst
                 consists
                 of
                 sixty
                 six
                 Steps
                 ,
                 and
                 thoseof
                 each
                 side
                 ,
                 of
                 one
                 hundred
                 forty
                 five
                 ;
                 to
                 these
                 rarities
                 ,
                 may
                 be
                 added
                 the
                 infinite
                 concourse
                 of
                 People
                 .
              
               
                 And
                 to
                 the
                 end
                 we
                 may
                 remove
                 that
                 erroneous
                 opinion
                 that
                 this
                 City
                 was
                 built
                 by
                 Fishermen
                 ;
                 let
                 us
                 observe
                 what
                 Cassiodoro
                 ,
                 who
                 was
                 Counsellor
                 ,
                 and
                 Secretary
                 of
                 Theodorick
                 King
                 of
                 the
                 Gothes
                 speaks
                 thereof
                 .
                 Vos
                 (
                 saith
                 he
                 )
                 
                   Qui
                   numerosa
                   navigia
                   in
                   ejus
                   confinio
                   possidetis
                   ,
                   &
                   Venetia
                   plenae
                   nobilibus
                   ,
                   &c.
                
                 which
                 happening
                 in
                 the
                 four
                 hundred
                 ninty
                 and
                 fifth
                 year
                 of
                 our
                 Salvation
                 ,
                 and
                 from
                 the
                 building
                 thereof
                 between
                 80.
                 and
                 90.
                 years
                 ,
                 gives
                 a
                 fair
                 presumption
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 Venetians
                 
                 could
                 not
                 acquire
                 so
                 great
                 reputation
                 ,
                 nor
                 less
                 possess
                 so
                 many
                 Vessels
                 on
                 the
                 Sea
                 ,
                 had
                 they
                 not
                 been
                 somewhat
                 rich
                 and
                 noble
                 too
                 sometime
                 before
                 .
              
               
                 Your
                 next
                 visit
                 must
                 be
                 to
                 the
                 Arsenal
                 ,
                 or
                 Magazine
                 of
                 War
                 of
                 this
                 City
                 ,
                 seated
                 on
                 the
                 one
                 side
                 of
                 it
                 towards
                 the
                 two
                 Castles
                 ,
                 and
                 Palace
                 of
                 the
                 Patriark
                 ,
                 which
                 are
                 compassed
                 about
                 with
                 high
                 Walls
                 ,
                 and
                 with
                 the
                 Sea.
                 This
                 Arsenal
                 affords
                 but
                 one
                 entrance
                 by
                 one
                 only
                 Gate
                 ,
                 and
                 by
                 one
                 only
                 Chanel
                 ,
                 where
                 thorow
                 are
                 guided
                 in
                 all
                 the
                 shipping
                 ,
                 and
                 't
                 is
                 about
                 the
                 quantity
                 of
                 two
                 miles
                 in
                 circuit
                 .
                 Herein
                 generally
                 they
                 make
                 all
                 their
                 works
                 ,
                 and
                 engines
                 of
                 War
                 ,
                 but
                 most
                 particularly
                 their
                 Charge
                 is
                 to
                 prepare
                 here
                 these
                 4.
                 
                 Materials
                 for
                 that
                 Service
                 ,
                 Timber
                 ,
                 Iron
                 ,
                 Brass
                 ,
                 and
                 Hemp.
                 Of
                 which
                 their
                 charge
                 of
                 Timber-work
                 ,
                 they
                 are
                 so
                 provident
                 ,
                 (
                 that
                 besides
                 what
                 at
                 first
                 shewes
                 itself
                 to
                 the
                 view
                 )
                 there
                 is
                 under
                 the
                 water
                 a
                 good
                 quantity
                 of
                 Gallies
                 ,
                 great
                 and
                 small
                 ,
                 Gallefoists
                 ,
                 Pinnaces
                 ,
                 Brigantines
                 ,
                 Masts
                 ,
                 Main-yards
                 ,
                 Oars
                 ,
                 and
                 Rudders
                 ,
                 for
                 their
                 Sea
                 vessels
                 .
                 And
                 for
                 the
                 Iron
                 work
                 ,
                 Bullets
                 of
                 all
                 sizes
                 ,
                 Nayls
                 ,
                 Chains
                 ,
                 Anchors
                 ,
                 with
                 divers
                 Plates
                 of
                 Iron
                 ,
                 as
                 likewise
                 for
                 Brass
                 ,
                 all
                 sorts
                 of
                 Ordnance
                 ,
                 and
                 of
                 all
                 proportions
                 .
                 And
                 lastly
                 ,
                 of
                 their
                 Hempen
                 works
                 ,
                 all
                 sorts
                 of
                 Shrouds
                 ,
                 Sails
                 and
                 Cables
                 .
                 To
                 which
                 several
                 works
                 ,
                 continually
                 attend
                 a
                 vast
                 number
                 of
                 Workmen
                 ,
                 and
                 excellent
                 Handicraftsmen
                 ,
                 who
                 being
                 as
                 it
                 were
                 born
                 in
                 that
                 Place
                 ,
                 and
                 from
                 thence
                 obteining
                 their
                 livelihood
                 ,
                 Neither
                 delight
                 in
                 any
                 other
                 Place
                 ,
                 nor
                 do
                 no
                 other
                 thing
                 ,
                 but
                 what
                 there
                 by
                 their
                 several
                 Callings
                 they
                 are
                 directed
                 unto
                 .
              
               
                 Therein
                 are
                 erected
                 most
                 ample
                 Arches
                 ,
                 wherein
                 their
                 several
                 Vessels
                 are
                 kept
                 dry
                 ,
                 and
                 built
                 ,
                 some
                 fully
                 finished
                 ,
                 some
                 building
                 ,
                 and
                 others
                 repairing
                 .
                 The
                 next
                 Curiosity
                 ,
                 is
                 their
                 spatious
                 Halls
                 ,
                 full
                 of
                 Arms
                 for
                 defence
                 in
                 Maritine
                 service
                 ,
                 as
                 great
                 Celades
                 ,
                 Cariages
                 ,
                 and
                 Breasts
                 ;
                 and
                 no
                 less
                 provided
                 of
                 Offensive
                 Weapons
                 ,
                 as
                 Pistols
                 ,
                 Daggers
                 ,
                 Bramble
                 Sithes
                 ,
                 Partisans
                 ,
                 Javelins
                 ,
                 Two
                 Handed
                 Swords
                 ,
                 Cross-bows
                 ,
                 and
                 Long-bows
                 ;
                 Others
                 of
                 those
                 Halls
                 are
                 filled
                 with
                 Artillery
                 ,
                 as
                 small
                 and
                 great
                 Muskets
                 ,
                 Falcons
                 ,
                 whole
                 Cannon
                 ,
                 Demicannon
                 ,
                 and
                 Quarter
                 Cannon
                 ,
                 Sacres
                 ,
                 and
                 Culverins
                 .
                 There
                 are
                 some
                 pieces
                 of
                 A
                 tillery
                 which
                 have
                 from
                 Three
                 Barrels
                 to
                 Seaven
                 ,
                 which
                 are
                 called
                 (
                 if
                 I
                 err
                 not
                 )
                 the
                 Organs
                 ,
                 Engines
                 made
                 more
                 for
                 a
                 certain
                 Greatnesse
                 and
                 Magnificence
                 ,
                 than
                 for
                 use
                 and
                 service
                 in
                 War.
                 To
                 say
                 no
                 more
                 ,
                 the
                 whole
                 is
                 kept
                 and
                 governed
                 with
                 that
                 order
                 and
                 neatness
                 ,
                 that
                 it
                 doth
                 not
                 onely
                 delight
                 the
                 Beholder
                 ,
                 but
                 would
                 satisfie
                 the
                 most
                 insatiable
                 Appetite
                 of
                 gazers
                 ,
                 and
                 fill
                 them
                 with
                 a
                 certain
                 spritely
                 and
                 Martial
                 Ardour
                 .
              
               
                 In
                 fine
                 ,
                 the
                 Common
                 wealth
                 hath
                 in
                 this
                 place
                 all
                 sorts
                 of
                 Ammunition
                 of
                 Warr
                 ,
                 as
                 well
                 for
                 Land
                 as
                 Sea-service
                 .
                 All
                 Engines
                 for
                 offence
                 ,
                 all
                 charges
                 for
                 defence
                 ,
                 and
                 lastly
                 ,
                 all
                 things
                 whatsoever
                 made
                 ready
                 ,
                 either
                 to
                 set
                 in
                 order
                 an
                 Armado
                 for
                 Sea
                 service
                 ,
                 or
                 an
                 Army
                 for
                 Land-service
                 ,
                 which
                 may
                 be
                 needful
                 .
                 And
                 although
                 from
                 this
                 place
                 (
                 which
                 may
                 properly
                 be
                 called
                 the
                 Work-house
                 and
                 Store-house
                 of
                 War
                 )
                 they
                 every
                 Day
                 fetch
                 Arms
                 and
                 Ammunition
                 ,
                 as
                 well
                 for
                 their
                 force
                 upon
                 the
                 firm
                 Land
                 ,
                 as
                 upon
                 the
                 Sea
                 ;
                 Yet
                 nevertheless
                 ,
                 by
                 the
                 daily
                 labours
                 of
                 the
                 Artizans
                 ,
                 't
                 is
                 so
                 restored
                 ,
                 that
                 it
                 seems
                 to
                 no
                 more
                 diminish
                 ,
                 than
                 the
                 Sea
                 does
                 by
                 the
                 many
                 Rivers
                 that
                 issue
                 
                 out
                 of
                 it
                 .
                 Furthermore
                 here
                 is
                 kept
                 the
                 stately
                 Galley
                 called
                 the
                 Bocentoro
                 ,
                 adorned
                 greatly
                 with
                 Gold
                 and
                 rich
                 carvings
                 ,
                 which
                 never
                 goes
                 forth
                 but
                 upon
                 solemn
                 Feast
                 Dayes
                 ,
                 and
                 particularly
                 upon
                 the
                 Day
                 of
                 the
                 Ascension
                 of
                 our
                 Saviour
                 ,
                 on
                 which
                 Day
                 ,
                 the
                 Prince
                 in
                 great
                 state
                 ,
                 with
                 a
                 Train
                 of
                 the
                 principal
                 Senatours
                 enter
                 herein
                 ,
                 and
                 being
                 thence
                 rowed
                 to
                 the
                 Port
                 of
                 the
                 two
                 Castles
                 near
                 the
                 Adriatick
                 Sea
                 ,
                 there
                 after
                 certain
                 Ceremonies
                 ,
                 the
                 Duke
                 solemnly
                 marries
                 the
                 Sea
                 ,
                 and
                 casts
                 therein
                 a
                 Gold
                 Ring
                 ,
                 in
                 real
                 assurance
                 of
                 this
                 Republicks
                 Dominion
                 thereof
                 .
              
               
                 This
                 Republick
                 allow
                 the
                 Greck
                 Church
                 a
                 full
                 liberty
                 in
                 Venice
                 ,
                 who
                 use
                 as
                 much
                 ceremony
                 in
                 their
                 Religion
                 as
                 the
                 Church
                 of
                 Rome
                 ,
                 but
                 less
                 superstition
                 .
                 Nor
                 have
                 the
                 Jewes
                 mean
                 privileges
                 ,
                 (
                 for
                 provided
                 they
                 alwais
                 wear
                 a
                 red
                 hat
                 to
                 denote
                 the
                 Blood
                 they
                 wisht
                 and
                 drew
                 upon
                 their
                 own
                 heads
                 when
                 they
                 crucified
                 our
                 Saviour
                 ,
                 and
                 without
                 which
                 t
                 is
                 Lawfull
                 for
                 any
                 one
                 to
                 kill
                 them
                 )
                 they
                 have
                 as
                 great
                 immunities
                 in
                 all
                 things
                 as
                 the
                 Naturals
                 ,
                 and
                 more
                 power
                 than
                 the
                 Common
                 sort
                 ;
                 here
                 also
                 they
                 have
                 a
                 Synagogue
                 for
                 every
                 Nation
                 ,
                 whereof
                 they
                 have
                 nine
                 in
                 their
                 Guetta
                 or
                 Court
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 assigned
                 them
                 for
                 their
                 habitation
                 .
                 Their
                 concourse
                 hither
                 is
                 from
                 their
                 immunities
                 grown
                 innumerable
                 ,
                 which
                 I
                 suppose
                 may
                 give
                 as
                 great
                 occasion
                 as
                 any
                 other
                 for
                 this
                 Cities
                 vast
                 Traffique
                 whereof
                 she
                 is
                 Mistress
                 in
                 these
                 parts
                 ,
                 as
                 also
                 for
                 the
                 rise
                 and
                 fall
                 of
                 the
                 Exchange
                 at
                 the
                 pleasure
                 of
                 her
                 Merchants
                 :
                 in
                 their
                 Bank
                 are
                 managed
                 vast
                 sumes
                 of
                 money
                 ,
                 and
                 infinite
                 exchanges
                 dayly
                 made
                 ,
                 and
                 yet
                 a
                 very
                 small
                 sum
                 of
                 money
                 told
                 out
                 or
                 payed
                 through
                 the
                 yeer
                 ,
                 such
                 is
                 the
                 Reputation
                 of
                 those
                 eminent
                 Senators
                 who
                 are
                 there
                 the
                 Bankers
                 ,
                 where
                 most
                 of
                 the
                 Merchants
                 accounts
                 are
                 kept
                 for
                 a
                 small
                 matter
                 ;
                 the
                 Ducket
                 de
                 Banco
                 ,
                 whereby
                 they
                 compute
                 their
                 greatest
                 sums
                 and
                 govern
                 their
                 exchanges
                 ,
                 is
                 but
                 an
                 imaginary
                 Coyn
                 ,
                 rising
                 and
                 falling
                 at
                 their
                 pleasure
                 .
                 The
                 Citizens
                 rich
                 and
                 poor
                 ,
                 wear
                 a
                 black
                 Cap
                 edged
                 with
                 fur
                 on
                 their
                 heads
                 ,
                 and
                 are
                 habited
                 commonly
                 with
                 a
                 long
                 black
                 Gown
                 with
                 large
                 sleeves
                 with
                 a
                 kind
                 of
                 skirt
                 to
                 throw
                 over
                 one
                 shoulder
                 ,
                 and
                 their
                 Collar
                 alwaies
                 open
                 .
                 Their
                 Ladies
                 did
                 formerly
                 wear
                 their
                 own
                 or
                 a
                 counterfet
                 hair
                 below
                 the
                 shoulders
                 trimmed
                 with
                 gemms
                 and
                 flowers
                 ,
                 and
                 mounted
                 in
                 their
                 Chappenes
                 (
                 high
                 as
                 a
                 mans
                 legg
                 )
                 they
                 walk
                 between
                 two
                 handmaids
                 to
                 distinguish
                 themselves
                 from
                 the
                 Courtezans
                 ,
                 (
                 from
                 whom
                 the
                 State
                 for
                 their
                 free
                 trade
                 extract
                 a
                 great
                 excise
                 yeerly
                 )
                 who
                 go
                 covered
                 with
                 a
                 white
                 veil
                 of
                 tiffany
                 .
                 But
                 of
                 late
                 yeers
                 they
                 use
                 the
                 French
                 freedome
                 both
                 in
                 habit
                 and
                 conversation
                 much
                 differing
                 from
                 the
                 Italian
                 restriction
                 through
                 their
                 Jealousie
                 .
                 We
                 had
                 almost
                 forgot
                 the
                 Island
                 of
                 Zuecca
                 (
                 distant
                 from
                 Venice
                 one
                 mile
                 )
                 wherein
                 
                 vast
                 Edifices
                 as
                 well
                 for
                 divine
                 worship
                 ,
                 as
                 for
                 the
                 use
                 of
                 the
                 Citizens
                 ,
                 with
                 stately
                 Gardens
                 discover
                 themselves
                 ;
                 among
                 the
                 rest
                 the
                 Church
                 (
                 
                   del
                   Redentore
                
                 )
                 or
                 of
                 the
                 Redeemer
                 deserves
                 a
                 place
                 even
                 amongst
                 the
                 fairest
                 of
                 Venice
                 for
                 its
                 splendor
                 and
                 sumptuousness
                 ,
                 being
                 designed
                 by
                 Palladius
                 the
                 famous
                 Architect
                 ,
                 and
                 built
                 by
                 order
                 and
                 at
                 the
                 cost
                 of
                 the
                 State
                 by
                 a
                 unanimous
                 Vow
                 which
                 they
                 made
                 in
                 the
                 yeer
                 1576
                 when
                 they
                 were
                 infected
                 with
                 an
                 extreme
                 plague
                 :
                 Which
                 to
                 denote
                 ,
                 over
                 one
                 of
                 the
                 Gates
                 of
                 the
                 right
                 side
                 of
                 the
                 said
                 Church
                 ,
                 we
                 finde
                 it
                 thus
                 written
                 .
                 
                   
                   Christo
                   Redemptori
                   .
                
                 
                   Civitate
                   Gravi
                   Pestilentia
                   Liberata
                   ,
                
                 
                   Senatus
                   ex
                   voto
                   .
                
              
               
                 Here
                 also
                 is
                 shewed
                 some
                 of
                 the
                 Coyns
                 in
                 Silver
                 ,
                 which
                 were
                 stamped
                 by
                 Duke
                 
                   Luigi
                   Mocenigo
                
                 ,
                 in
                 the
                 Seaventh
                 Year
                 of
                 this
                 Republick
                 .
              
            
          
           
             
               The
               Journey
               from
               Venice
               to
               Milan
               ,
               by
               the
               Province
               of
               
                 Marca
                 Trivigiana
              
               ,
               and
               Lumbardy
               .
            
             
               
                 PADOUA
                 .
              
               
                 TO
                 goe
                 from
                 Venice
                 to
                 Padoua
                 ,
                 first
                 they
                 take
                 Boat
                 at
                 Venice
                 ,
                 and
                 row
                 five
                 Miles
                 upon
                 Sholes
                 in
                 the
                 Gulf
                 of
                 Venice
                 to
                 Lizafusina
                 ,
                 
                 so
                 called
                 from
                 a
                 Dutch
                 word
                 corrupted
                 :
                 At
                 which
                 place
                 the
                 direct
                 course
                 of
                 the
                 River
                 Brent
                 ,
                 was
                 heretofore
                 by
                 the
                 Lords
                 of
                 Venice
                 artificially
                 locked
                 up
                 ,
                 to
                 the
                 end
                 ,
                 that
                 running
                 through
                 those
                 Pools
                 and
                 salt
                 Moors
                 ,
                 it
                 might
                 not
                 through
                 time
                 and
                 continual
                 running
                 work
                 down
                 the
                 neighbouring
                 Grounds
                 :
                 which
                 to
                 prevent
                 ,
                 there
                 was
                 an
                 Engine
                 erected
                 (
                 called
                 
                   La
                   Rota
                   del
                   Carro
                
                 )
                 whereby
                 with
                 excellent
                 Industry
                 ,
                 the
                 Barkes
                 ,
                 with
                 all
                 their
                 Lading
                 and
                 Merchandize
                 ,
                 were
                 drawn
                 up
                 and
                 transposed
                 from
                 out
                 of
                 these
                 Pools
                 ,
                 or
                 salt
                 Moors
                 ,
                 into
                 the
                 River
                 ,
                 and
                 out
                 of
                 the
                 River
                 in
                 like
                 manner
                 into
                 the
                 Pools
                 ;
                 which
                 at
                 this
                 time
                 is
                 taken
                 away
                 ,
                 and
                 for
                 supply
                 thereof
                 ,
                 the
                 water
                 is
                 locked
                 in
                 with
                 four
                 several
                 Flood-gates
                 ,
                 the
                 first
                 at
                 Strà
                 ,
                 the
                 second
                 at
                 Dolo
                 ,
                 the
                 third
                 at
                 Mirà
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 last
                 at
                 Moranzan
                 .
                 From
                 Lizafusina
                 to
                 Padoua
                 they
                 account
                 four
                 Miles
                 ,
                 whereby
                 they
                 travel
                 either
                 in
                 Boats
                 ,
                 which
                 are
                 drawn
                 up
                 against
                 the
                 stream
                 of
                 the
                 River
                 ,
                 or
                 else
                 by
                 Land.
                 On
                 each
                 side
                 of
                 which
                 River
                 throughout
                 ,
                 appears
                 a
                 large
                 and
                 most
                 fertile
                 Campagna
                 ,
                 with
                 a
                 rich
                 soyl
                 ,
                 embellished
                 with
                 stately
                 and
                 most
                 sumptuous
                 Palaces
                 ,
                 and
                 lovely
                 Gardens
                 ,
                 and
                 no
                 lesse
                 beautified
                 with
                 the
                 continual
                 travelling
                 of
                 all
                 sorts
                 of
                 People
                 to
                 and
                 fro
                 .
                 First
                 they
                 arrive
                 at
                 the
                 Country
                 of
                 Oriago
                 ,
                 called
                 in
                 Latin
                 
                   Or
                   a
                   lacus
                
                 ,
                 because
                 to
                 this
                 place
                 extend
                 the
                 Moorish
                 Grounds
                 or
                 sholes
                 ,
                 thence
                 at
                 Dolo
                 ,
                 and
                 then
                 at
                 Strà
                 ;
                 Upon
                 the
                 left
                 Hand
                 ,
                 stands
                 the
                 great
                 Town
                 of
                 Gambarare
                 ,
                 so
                 infinitely
                 populous
                 ,
                 that
                 t
                 is
                 almost
                 incredible
                 ;
                 In
                 the
                 end
                 they
                 attain
                 at
                 Padoua
                 .
              
               
                 
                   PADOUA
                   the
                   Learned
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   ancient
                   City
                   of
                   Padoua
                   ,
                   is
                   seated
                   in
                   the
                   Province
                   belonging
                   
                   to
                   Venice
                   ,
                   called
                   
                     Marca
                     Trivigiana
                  
                   ,
                   in
                   the
                   midst
                   of
                   a
                   spacious
                   Plain
                   ,
                   having
                   the
                   Sea
                   at
                   Twenty
                   Miles
                   distance
                   on
                   the
                   East
                   and
                   South
                   parts
                   thereof
                   :
                   Towards
                   the
                   West
                   ,
                   a
                   large
                   champion
                   Country
                   ;
                   And
                   towards
                   the
                   North
                   ,
                   the
                   Mountains
                   Euganei
                   ;
                   It
                   is
                   of
                   a
                   triangular
                   form
                   ,
                   invironed
                   with
                   double
                   Walls
                   ,
                   and
                   very
                   deep
                   Ditches
                   ;
                   The
                   Venetians
                   have
                   fortified
                   it
                   very
                   much
                   ,
                   by
                   the
                   immense
                   Walls
                   and
                   Bulwarks
                   ,
                   built
                   by
                   them
                   according
                   to
                   the
                   modern
                   way
                   of
                   Discipline
                   and
                   Judgement
                   in
                   Warr.
                   
                
                 
                   We
                   need
                   not
                   produce
                   Testimony
                   from
                   antient
                   Writers
                   ,
                   to
                   prove
                   the
                   Antiquity
                   of
                   this
                   City
                   ,
                   nor
                   that
                   it
                   was
                   founded
                   by
                   Antenor
                   ,
                   Brother
                   of
                   Priam
                   King
                   of
                   Troy
                   ,
                   and
                   that
                   it
                   was
                   denominated
                   heretofore
                   Pado
                   ,
                   either
                   from
                   Pò
                   ,
                   or
                   Patavio
                   of
                   Paphlagonia
                   ,
                   because
                   these
                   things
                   are
                   notorious
                   to
                   all
                   ;
                   As
                   also
                   that
                   Padoua
                   was
                   Head
                   of
                   the
                   Province
                   of
                   Venice
                   ,
                   now
                   
                     Marca
                     Trivigiana
                  
                   ,
                   or
                   Marquisate
                   of
                   Treves
                   ,
                   and
                   that
                   it
                   was
                   ever
                   Friend
                   ,
                   and
                   allied
                   to
                   Rome
                   without
                   any
                   kind
                   of
                   subjection
                   ,
                   being
                   extremely
                   beloved
                   and
                   estemed
                   ,
                   not
                   lesse
                   for
                   their
                   Alliance
                   or
                   Parentage
                   ,
                   having
                   their
                   joynt
                   Original
                   from
                   the
                   Famous
                   Troy
                   ,
                   than
                   for
                   the
                   many
                   services
                   and
                   kindnesse
                   received
                   from
                   it
                   .
                   Nor
                   find
                   we
                   in
                   any
                   Author
                   ,
                   That
                   Padoua
                   was
                   either
                   subjugated
                   ,
                   overcome
                   ,
                   or
                   molested
                   by
                   the
                   Romans
                   ,
                   but
                   that
                   it
                   alwayes
                   stood
                   free
                   from
                   the
                   Roman
                   Yoke
                   ,
                   and
                   that
                   it
                   aided
                   the
                   Republick
                   on
                   many
                   occasions
                   ;
                   And
                   particularly
                   ,
                   at
                   that
                   time
                   when
                   Rome
                   was
                   taken
                   by
                   the
                   
                     Galli
                     Sireni
                  
                   ,
                   in
                   the
                   Warr
                   against
                   the
                   
                     Umbri
                     ,
                     Boi
                  
                   ,
                   the
                   Cimbri
                   ,
                   and
                   at
                   several
                   other
                   times
                   ;
                   So
                   that
                   it
                   well
                   merited
                   and
                   obtained
                   the
                   Franchise
                   and
                   Liberty
                   of
                   Citizens
                   and
                   Comunalty
                   of
                   Rome
                   ,
                   and
                   to
                   be
                   inscribed
                   in
                   the
                   Fabian
                   Tribe
                   of
                   Rome
                   ,
                   without
                   sending
                   thither
                   new
                   Inhabitants
                   ,
                   or
                   making
                   it
                   a
                   Colony
                   ,
                   from
                   whence
                   the
                   Padouans
                   derived
                   equal
                   voice
                   both
                   Active
                   and
                   Passive
                   ,
                   and
                   participated
                   all
                   the
                   highest
                   degrees
                   of
                   that
                   great
                   Sate
                   ;
                   And
                   therefore
                   we
                   read
                   in
                   the
                   Histories
                   of
                   Rome
                   ,
                   and
                   in
                   those
                   of
                   Padoua
                   ,
                   That
                   many
                   Padouan
                   Houses
                   transferred
                   themselves
                   to
                   Rome
                   ,
                   &
                   as
                   many
                   Roman
                   Houses
                   to
                   avoid
                   the
                   Civil
                   dissentions
                   translated
                   themselves
                   to
                   Padoua
                   .
                   We
                   may
                   then
                   conclude
                   it
                   to
                   be
                   no
                   great
                   wonder
                   ,
                   that
                   we
                   find
                   in
                   so
                   many
                   ancient
                   Writers
                   ,
                   and
                   upon
                   so
                   many
                   Marble
                   Stones
                   ,
                   the
                   Remembrance
                   of
                   so
                   many
                   Citizens
                   of
                   Padoua
                   that
                   were
                   Roman
                   Consuls
                   ,
                   as
                   
                     Quinto
                     Attio
                     Capitone
                     ,
                     Sesto
                     Papinio
                     Alenio
                     ,
                     L.
                     Arontio
                     Primo
                     ,
                     L.
                     Stella
                     Poeta
                     ,
                     L.
                     Arontio
                     Aquila
                     ,
                     Giulio
                     Lupo
                     ,
                     L.
                     Giulio
                     Paulo
                  
                   the
                   Expounder
                   of
                   the
                   Law
                   ,
                   
                     L.
                     Ascanio
                     Pediano
                     ,
                     Trasea
                     Peto
                     ,
                     C.
                     Cecinna
                     Peto
                     ,
                     Pub.
                     Quartio
                     ,
                  
                   and
                   some
                   others
                   .
                   Another
                   Peto
                   was
                   designed
                   Consul
                   ,
                   and
                   
                     Peto
                     Honorato
                  
                   was
                   Corrector
                   of
                   Italy
                   ,
                   so
                   also
                   many
                   were
                   Ediles
                   ,
                   Praetors
                   ,
                   Tribunes
                   ,
                   Censors
                   ,
                   Priests
                   ,
                   and
                   chief
                   Bushops
                   .
                   It
                   was
                   then
                   so
                   great
                   and
                   powerful
                   ,
                   that
                   they
                   ▪
                   used
                   to
                   muster
                   five
                   Hundred
                   Cavaliers
                   or
                   Horsemen
                   ,
                   And
                   Strabo
                   writes
                   ,
                   that
                   they
                   commonly
                   sent
                   to
                   the
                   wars
                   ,
                   one
                   Hundred
                   and
                   twenty
                   Thousand
                   Foot
                   Souldiers
                   .
                   It
                   maintained
                   it self
                   ever
                   glorious
                   and
                   invincible
                   ,
                   until
                   the
                   Barbarous
                   Nations
                   made
                   themselvs
                   to
                   be
                   felt
                   in
                   Italy
                   ,
                   for
                   at
                   the
                   time
                   of
                   the
                   Roman
                   Empires
                   declination
                   ,
                   Padoua
                   also
                   indured
                   the
                   smart
                   ,
                   being
                   by
                   the
                   most
                   Potent
                   Attila
                   (
                   the
                   Rod
                   of
                   God
                   )
                   wholly
                   ruinated
                   ,
                   and
                   cast
                   down
                   even
                   to
                   the
                   very
                   Foundations
                   ;
                   And
                   though
                   after
                   that
                   it
                   was
                   restored
                   by
                   Narsete
                   ,
                   yet
                   was
                   it
                   another
                   time
                   destroyed
                   by
                   the
                   Longobardi
                   .
                   But
                   afterwards
                   under
                   Charles
                   the
                   Great
                   and
                   his
                   Successors
                   ,
                   it
                   began
                   to
                   fill
                   it self
                   ,
                   and
                   to
                   take
                   some
                   small
                   restoration
                   .
                   This
                   City
                   
                   was
                   governed
                   at
                   first
                   by
                   Consuls
                   ,
                   and
                   after
                   with
                   a
                   Podestà
                   ,
                   or
                   Provost
                   ,
                   at
                   such
                   time
                   as
                   it
                   became
                   under
                   the
                   Power
                   of
                   Eccellino
                   the
                   Tyrant
                   ,
                   who
                   treated
                   it
                   most
                   cruelly
                   ,
                   which
                   evidently
                   appears
                   ;
                   For
                   at
                   this
                   day
                   ,
                   neer
                   the
                   Church
                   of
                   Saint
                   Augustine
                   ,
                   they
                   shew
                   a
                   great
                   Tower
                   ,
                   wherein
                   the
                   Padouans
                   were
                   imprisoned
                   ,
                   tormented
                   and
                   slain
                   ,
                   nay
                   the
                   Cruelty
                   of
                   this
                   wicked
                   Tyrant
                   so
                   far
                   exceeded
                   ,
                   that
                   in
                   one
                   day
                   in
                   the
                   City
                   of
                   Verona
                   ,
                   for
                   no
                   other
                   cause
                   than
                   his
                   fantastical
                   humour
                   ,
                   he
                   caused
                   twelve
                   thousand
                   Padouans
                   to
                   be
                   Butchered
                   .
                   Out
                   of
                   the
                   ruines
                   of
                   so
                   many
                   noble
                   Palaces
                   destroyed
                   by
                   him
                   ,
                   he
                   intended
                   and
                   begun
                   near
                   the
                   Bridge
                   a
                   new
                   Cittadel
                   for
                   his
                   habitation
                   and
                   security
                   ,
                   but
                   he
                   lived
                   not
                   to
                   finish
                   above
                   a
                   fourth
                   part
                   ,
                   which
                   is
                   built
                   with
                   walls
                   of
                   a
                   vast
                   thickness
                   with
                   flint-stones
                   squared
                   ,
                   with
                   a
                   fair
                   Palace
                   and
                   a
                   proud
                   Tower
                   ,
                   which
                   in
                   truth
                   is
                   the
                   most
                   beautifull
                   in
                   all
                   Padoua
                   (
                   and
                   is
                   possessed
                   at
                   present
                   by
                   
                     Il
                     Signor
                     Conte
                     Giacomo
                     Zabarella
                  
                   .
                   )
                   Many
                   notable
                   things
                   are
                   extant
                   in
                   this
                   City
                   ,
                   but
                   in
                   particular
                   there
                   is
                   a
                   vault
                   under
                   ground
                   which
                   passeth
                   under
                   the
                   River
                   ,
                   and
                   goes
                   even
                   to
                   the
                   Piazza
                   ,
                   to
                   the
                   Palace
                   of
                   the
                   Captain
                   ,
                   and
                   to
                   the
                   other
                   abovenamed
                   Cittadel
                   .
                   After
                   his
                   death
                   Padoua
                   recovered
                   her
                   Liberty
                   ,
                   and
                   became
                   very
                   powerfull
                   ,
                   so
                   that
                   she
                   got
                   under
                   her
                   dominion
                   ,
                   
                     Vicenza
                     ,
                     Verona
                     ,
                     Trento
                     ,
                     Treviso
                     ,
                     Feltre
                     ,
                     Belluno
                     ,
                     Conegliano
                     ,
                     Ceneda
                     ,
                     Saravalle
                     ,
                     Chioza
                     ,
                  
                   and
                   Bassano
                   ,
                   with
                   all
                   their
                   Territories
                   ,
                   all
                   the
                   good
                   ground
                   among
                   the
                   Fennes
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   greatest
                   part
                   of
                   the
                   Friuli
                   ,
                   and
                   other
                   important
                   places
                   ;
                   then
                   the
                   Carraresi
                   made
                   themselves
                   Lords
                   thereof
                   ,
                   and
                   kept
                   the
                   power
                   about
                   one
                   hundred
                   yeers
                   ;
                   at
                   last
                   the
                   Venetians
                   got
                   the
                   possession
                   ,
                   having
                   slain
                   
                     Francesco
                     Novello
                  
                   with
                   all
                   his
                   Children
                   ,
                   and
                   extinguished
                   the
                   principality
                   of
                   the
                   Carraresi
                   .
                   Through
                   this
                   City
                   runs
                   the
                   River
                   Brent
                   together
                   with
                   the
                   Bacchiglione
                   ,
                   which
                   dividing
                   it self
                   into
                   many
                   branches
                   gives
                   a
                   great
                   accomodation
                   to
                   the
                   Citizens
                   .
                   One
                   of
                   which
                   branches
                   or
                   Arms
                   they
                   have
                   brought
                   to
                   pass
                   thorow
                   the
                   dike
                   round
                   about
                   the
                   Walls
                   of
                   the
                   City
                   .
                   It
                   affords
                   in
                   great
                   aboundance
                   all
                   necessaries
                   for
                   livelihood
                   ,
                   from
                   whence
                   the
                   Proverb
                   arises
                   ,
                   
                     Bolognia
                     (
                     Grassa
                  
                   )
                   or
                   wallowes
                   in
                   good
                   cheer
                   ,
                   but
                   
                     Padoua
                     (
                     surpassa
                  
                   )
                   sur-passeth
                   it
                   .
                   The
                   bread
                   they
                   make
                   here
                   is
                   the
                   whitest
                   of
                   Italy
                   ;
                   And
                   the
                   wine
                   is
                   by
                   Plinie
                   accounted
                   amongst
                   the
                   most
                   noble
                   and
                   excellent
                   .
                   This
                   City
                   hath
                   about
                   it
                   seven
                   gates
                   ,
                   many
                   Stone
                   Bridges
                   ,
                   five
                   spacious
                   Piazzaes
                   ,
                   with
                   many
                   beautiful
                   Edifices
                   as
                   well
                   publick
                   as
                   private
                   :
                   Particularly
                   the
                   Palace
                   used
                   for
                   the
                   civil
                   Law
                   is
                   the
                   proudest
                   in
                   all
                   Europe
                   ,
                   if
                   not
                   in
                   all
                   the
                   World
                   ,
                   for
                   so
                   much
                   as
                   that
                   it
                   is
                   covered
                   with
                   Lead
                   ,
                   without
                   sustaining
                   either
                   of
                   Pillars
                   or
                   Beams
                   ,
                   though
                   its
                   bredth
                   is
                   eighty
                   six
                   foot
                   ,
                   and
                   length
                   two
                   hundred
                   fifty
                   six
                   .
                   Which
                   Palace
                   after
                   it
                   had
                   continued
                   a
                   foot
                   202
                   yeers
                   being
                   in
                   part
                   ruinated
                   by
                   fire
                   ,
                   the
                   Venetian
                   Lords
                   in
                   the
                   yeer
                   1420
                   rebuilt
                   with
                   greater
                   splendour
                   .
                   The
                   figure
                   of
                   this
                   Hall
                   is
                   like
                   a
                   Quarry
                   of
                   glass
                   with
                   equal
                   sides
                   ,
                   but
                   not
                   right
                   angled
                   ,
                   not
                   for
                   the
                   nearness
                   of
                   the
                   Fabrick
                   as
                   some
                   will
                   have
                   it
                   ,
                   but
                   because
                   natural
                   reason
                   shewes
                   ,
                   that
                   a
                   man
                   standing
                   bolt
                   upright
                   is
                   with
                   much
                   more
                   ease
                   thrown
                   down
                   than
                   when
                   he
                   stands
                   a
                   little
                   drawn
                   backwards
                   ,
                   its
                   site
                   is
                   turned
                   to
                   the
                   fower
                   Quarters
                   of
                   Heaven
                   ,
                   so
                   that
                   at
                   the
                   Equinoctial
                   the
                   Beams
                   of
                   the
                   Sun
                   at
                   his
                   rising
                   entring
                   through
                   the
                   Eastern
                   Windowes
                   ,
                   beat
                   upon
                   the
                   Western
                   Windowes
                   ,
                   between
                   which
                   is
                   nothing
                   erected
                   to
                   obstruct
                   it
                   :
                   and
                   so
                   upon
                   the
                   contrary
                   .
                   And
                   at
                   the
                   solstice
                   or
                   ▪
                   stay
                   of
                   
                   the
                   Sun
                   ,
                   when
                   it
                   can
                   neither
                   go
                   higher
                   nor
                   lower
                   ,
                   the
                   Beams
                   enter
                   thorow
                   the
                   Gates
                   on
                   the
                   South
                   part
                   ,
                   and
                   play
                   upon
                   the
                   opposite
                   part
                   ;
                   in
                   sum
                   ,
                   there
                   is
                   neither
                   Gate
                   or
                   any
                   other
                   part
                   without
                   excellent
                   Art
                   and
                   workmanship
                   .
                   The
                   painting
                   of
                   it
                   represents
                   the
                   influence
                   of
                   the
                   superiour
                   bodies
                   upon
                   the
                   inferiour
                   ,
                   divided
                   with
                   the
                   signs
                   of
                   the
                   Zodiack
                   ,
                   in
                   imitation
                   of
                   that
                   Circle
                   of
                   Gold
                   which
                   stood
                   in
                   the
                   Sepulcher
                   of
                   Simandio
                   King
                   of
                   Egypt
                   :
                   In
                   this
                   Painting
                   is
                   to
                   be
                   noted
                   the
                   Antient
                   Habits
                   ,
                   and
                   amongst
                   others
                   a
                   Priest
                   ,
                   who
                   holds
                   a
                   Planet
                   upon
                   his
                   back
                   ,
                   which
                   antiently
                   they
                   used
                   large
                   and
                   of
                   rich
                   stuff
                   ,
                   from
                   whence
                   it
                   took
                   its
                   name
                   .
                   The
                   Inventer
                   of
                   these
                   Paintings
                   averreth
                   that
                   this
                   was
                   
                     Pietro
                     d'Abano
                  
                   a
                   Padouan
                   ,
                   who
                   was
                   a
                   most
                   famous
                   Philosopher
                   and
                   Astrologer
                   ,
                   whom
                   it
                   may
                   well
                   be
                   ,
                   since
                   so
                   many
                   yeers
                   before
                   past
                   ,
                   that
                   these
                   present
                   Paintings
                   copyed
                   by
                   the
                   hands
                   of
                   certain
                   Florentines
                   ,
                   were
                   drawn
                   out
                   from
                   those
                   which
                   were
                   preserved
                   in
                   the
                   Antient
                   Palace
                   ,
                   by
                   the
                   hand
                   of
                   Giotto
                   ,
                   and
                   really
                   these
                   modern
                   ones
                   are
                   very
                   like
                   to
                   those
                   which
                   in
                   the
                   plain
                   Astrolobe
                   designed
                   by
                   the
                   invention
                   of
                   
                     Pietro
                     d'Abano
                  
                   are
                   treated
                   on
                   by
                   Pierio
                   in
                   the
                   thirty
                   second
                   and
                   thirty
                   ninth
                   book
                   of
                   his
                   hieroglificks
                   .
                   And
                   if
                   the
                   Antients
                   made
                   such
                   a
                   noise
                   and
                   so
                   much
                   account
                   of
                   the
                   Obelisk
                   which
                   in
                   the
                   Field
                   of
                   Mars
                   in
                   Rome
                   shewed
                   by
                   his
                   shadow
                   the
                   length
                   of
                   the
                   Nights
                   and
                   Days
                   ,
                   what
                   shall
                   we
                   say
                   of
                   this
                   Fabrick
                   ,
                   wherein
                   are
                   collected
                   so
                   many
                   noble
                   secrets
                   all
                   worthy
                   to
                   be
                   contemplated
                   and
                   admired
                   ?
                
                 
                   Whosoever
                   hath
                   an
                   appetite
                   in
                   Padoua
                   to
                   behold
                   Paintings
                   let
                   them
                   see
                   the
                   Church
                   of
                   the
                   Confraternity
                   of
                   Saint
                   Antonio
                   ,
                   where
                   they
                   'l
                   meet
                   Pictures
                   upon
                   boards
                   drawn
                   by
                   Titian
                   ,
                   and
                   other
                   famous
                   Masters
                   ,
                   the
                   Chapel
                   of
                   Saint
                   Luke
                   in
                   the
                   Sanctuary
                   ,
                   where
                   may
                   be
                   seen
                   the
                   true
                   effigies
                   of
                   Eccellino
                   the
                   Tyrant
                   ,
                   as
                   also
                   in
                   the
                   Font
                   of
                   the
                   Domo
                   or
                   chief
                   Church
                   by
                   the
                   hand
                   of
                   an
                   excellent
                   Lymner
                   .
                   In
                   the
                   remarkeable
                   Hall
                   of
                   the
                   Lords
                   of
                   
                     Zabarella
                     Veraria
                  
                   may
                   be
                   seen
                   pourtrayed
                   the
                   first
                   Subjects
                   of
                   this
                   City
                   ,
                   as
                   Antenor
                   its
                   Founder
                   ,
                   Volusio
                   the
                   Poet
                   ,
                   
                     T.
                     Livio
                  
                   the
                   Historian
                   ,
                   
                     Q.
                     Ascanio
                     Pediano
                  
                   the
                   Grammarian
                   ,
                   
                     C.
                     Cassio
                  
                   the
                   Tribune
                   ,
                   
                     L.
                     Orontio
                     Stella
                  
                   the
                   Poet
                   ,
                   and
                   
                     Trasea
                     Peto
                  
                   the
                   Stoick
                   ,
                   both
                   Roman
                   consuls
                   ,
                   
                     C.
                     Valerio
                     Flaccho
                  
                   the
                   Poet
                   ,
                   
                     L.
                     Giulio
                     Paolo
                  
                   the
                   Lawyer
                   ,
                   
                     Petro
                     d'Abano
                  
                   the
                   most
                   famous
                   Philosopher
                   and
                   Astrologer
                   ,
                   
                     Albetino
                     Mussato
                  
                   the
                   Poet
                   ,
                   Doctor
                   and
                   Knight
                   ,
                   
                     Alberto
                     Verimitano
                     Theclo
                     ,
                     Marsilio
                     Santo
                     Soffia
                  
                   an
                   admirable
                   Physician
                   ,
                   
                     Marsilio
                     Mainardino
                  
                   a
                   Philosopher
                   ,
                   Astrologer
                   ,
                   and
                   a
                   most
                   learned
                   Divine
                   ,
                   
                     Bonaventure
                     Peraghino
                  
                   and
                   
                     Francisco
                     Zabarella
                  
                   Cardinals
                   ,
                   
                     Bartolomeo
                     Zabarella
                  
                   Arch-Bishop
                   of
                   Florence
                   ,
                   and
                   
                     Giacomo
                     Alvarato
                  
                   the
                   famous
                   expounder
                   of
                   the
                   Law
                   ,
                   with
                   a
                   fair
                   history
                   of
                   the
                   most
                   Antient
                   times
                   of
                   Padoua
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   Genealogie
                   of
                   the
                   House
                   of
                   the
                   Zabarelli
                   ,
                   with
                   this
                   following
                   subscription
                   :
                   
                     
                       Elogia
                       haec
                       virorum
                       Illustrium
                       Patavinorum
                    
                     
                       Conditorumque
                       Urbis
                       cum
                       Genealogiâ
                       Nobilis
                    
                     
                       Familiae
                       Zabarellae
                       ex
                       Historiis
                       ,
                       Gronicisque
                    
                     
                       Quam
                       brevissimè
                       collecta
                       Joannes
                       Cavaseus
                       fecit
                       ,
                    
                     
                       Scripsit
                       in
                       Pariete
                       Presb.
                       Franciscus
                       Maurus
                    
                     
                       Pucivigianus
                       cerebrosus
                       ,
                       pinxit
                       Gualterius
                       cura
                    
                     
                       Et
                       impensa
                       Comitis
                       Julii
                       Zabarellae
                       aedium
                    
                     
                     
                       Domini
                       ,
                       Omnes
                       contivanei
                       .
                       MD.
                       XLIX
                       .
                       Idibus
                       Martii
                       .
                    
                  
                
                 
                   In
                   private
                   houses
                   may
                   also
                   be
                   found
                   most
                   excellent
                   curiosities
                   ,
                   as
                   with
                   the
                   Family
                   of
                   Mantoua
                   ,
                   for
                   
                     Marco
                     Mantoua
                  
                   a
                   most
                   eminent
                   Lawyer
                   built
                   a
                   fair
                   Palace
                   in
                   the
                   Street
                   of
                   the
                   Hermits
                   with
                   a
                   delicious
                   Garden
                   annexed
                   ,
                   in
                   the
                   first
                   Court
                   whereof
                   stands
                   a
                   great
                   Colossus
                   of
                   Marble
                   ,
                   being
                   the
                   figure
                   of
                   Hercules
                   ,
                   and
                   above
                   is
                   a
                   stately
                   Library
                   no
                   less
                   replenished
                   with
                   Books
                   ,
                   excellent
                   Pictures
                   ,
                   pourtraits
                   of
                   eminent
                   men
                   of
                   the
                   World
                   ,
                   and
                   singular
                   sculptures
                   ,
                   than
                   with
                   collections
                   of
                   Brass
                   Figures
                   ,
                   Marbles
                   ,
                   Medals
                   ,
                   and
                   other
                   exquisite
                   things
                   both
                   natural
                   and
                   artificial
                   ,
                   which
                   with
                   the
                   said
                   Palace
                   are
                   now
                   possessed
                   by
                   Signor
                   
                     Gasparo
                     Mantoua
                  
                   Doctor
                   of
                   Physick
                   and
                   Nephew
                   of
                   the
                   abovenamed
                   Marco
                   .
                
                 
                   
                     Luigi
                     Coradino
                  
                   Doctor
                   of
                   Philosophy
                   and
                   of
                   the
                   Laws
                   ,
                   heretofore
                   Reader
                   of
                   the
                   Digests
                   or
                   Volums
                   of
                   the
                   Civil
                   Law
                   in
                   the
                   University
                   ,
                   a
                   man
                   of
                   a
                   most
                   quick
                   wit
                   and
                   polite
                   Learning
                   ,
                   an
                   excellent
                   disputant
                   ,
                   and
                   particularly
                   conversant
                   in
                   antiquities
                   ,
                   made
                   a
                   noble
                   collection
                   of
                   Books
                   ,
                   Pictures
                   ,
                   Sculptures
                   ,
                   Medals
                   ,
                   antique
                   Brass
                   and
                   Marble
                   Tablets
                   ,
                   and
                   other
                   rarities
                   ,
                   which
                   for
                   the
                   most
                   part
                   are
                   enjoyed
                   by
                   the
                   Signor
                   Andrea
                   his
                   Son
                   ,
                   Doctor
                   of
                   Philosophy
                   and
                   Physick
                   ,
                   and
                   Reader
                   in
                   the
                   College
                   ,
                   a
                   Virtuoso
                   ,
                   who
                   conserves
                   them
                   in
                   their
                   Antient
                   House
                   in
                   the
                   Street
                   called
                   Torecelle
                   .
                
                 
                   
                     Gio
                     Domenico
                     Sala
                  
                   Doctor
                   of
                   Philosophy
                   and
                   Physick
                   ,
                   most
                   renowned
                   for
                   having
                   been
                   so
                   many
                   yeers
                   Reader
                   in
                   the
                   University
                   ,
                   and
                   for
                   having
                   exercised
                   his
                   Profession
                   of
                   Physick
                   with
                   a
                   known
                   reputation
                   ,
                   In
                   his
                   Palace
                   which
                   stands
                   in
                   the
                   Street
                   called
                   
                     San
                     Lorenzo
                  
                   hath
                   set
                   up
                   a
                   Study
                   replenished
                   with
                   Books
                   ,
                   Pictures
                   ,
                   Marbles
                   ,
                   Brass
                   pieces
                   ,
                   Medals
                   .
                   and
                   other
                   pretious
                   rarities
                   ,
                   and
                   in
                   particular
                   he
                   hath
                   there
                   a
                   large
                   and
                   neat
                   Press
                   with
                   shelves
                   all
                   made
                   with
                   Walnut
                   Tree
                   ,
                   filled
                   with
                   Vessels
                   of
                   Christal
                   ,
                   with
                   all
                   the
                   simple
                   minerals
                   ,
                   and
                   other
                   rare
                   and
                   exquisite
                   things
                   ,
                   which
                   were
                   collected
                   by
                   the
                   Signor
                   
                     Conte
                     Giacomo
                     Zabarella
                  
                   ,
                   Doctor
                   ,
                   Reader
                   of
                   the
                   College
                   ,
                   and
                   Canon
                   of
                   Padoua
                   ,
                   after
                   whose
                   death
                   coming
                   to
                   the
                   hands
                   of
                   Signor
                   
                     Bonifacio
                     Zabarella
                  
                   his
                   Brother
                   ,
                   they
                   were
                   by
                   him
                   given
                   to
                   the
                   above-named
                   Signor
                   
                     Gio
                     :
                     Domenico
                  
                   ,
                   in
                   testimony
                   of
                   being
                   his
                   great
                   Friend
                   and
                   Ally
                   ,
                   as
                   a
                   gift
                   of
                   most
                   singular
                   estimation
                   .
                
                 
                   
                     Benedetto
                     Salvatico
                  
                   Knight
                   ,
                   a
                   Philosopher
                   ,
                   and
                   Physician
                   ,
                   and
                   chief
                   Reader
                   of
                   the
                   University
                   ,
                   a
                   most
                   signal
                   person
                   ,
                   no
                   less
                   for
                   his
                   Reading
                   than
                   eminency
                   in
                   Physick
                   ,
                   hath
                   restored
                   near
                   the
                   Domo
                   or
                   chief
                   Church
                   ,
                   his
                   Palace
                   ,
                   making
                   there
                   a
                   most
                   stately
                   Gallery
                   ,
                   gardens
                   with
                   Fountains
                   ,
                   Voleries
                   ,
                   and
                   a
                   thousand
                   other
                   excellencies
                   ,
                   besides
                   his
                   books
                   and
                   Pictures
                
                 
                   The
                   Signor
                   
                     Conte
                     Giacomo
                     Zabaralla
                  
                   Count
                   of
                   Credazza
                   and
                   of
                   the
                   Empire
                   ,
                   a
                   most
                   renowned
                   and
                   vituous
                   Person
                   ,
                   hath
                   so
                   much
                   laboured
                   in
                   the
                   study
                   of
                   History
                   and
                   Antiquities
                   ,
                   that
                   meritoriously
                   by
                   the
                   Lear●…edst
                   Pens
                   he
                   is
                   styled
                   the
                   Restorer
                   of
                   Antiquity
                   and
                   renewer
                   of
                   things
                   devouted
                   by
                   time
                   ,
                   being
                   as
                   well
                   read
                   in
                   the
                   Genealogie
                   of
                   Princes
                   and
                   other
                   Illustrious
                   Families
                   ,
                   a
                   work
                   as
                   may
                   be
                   said
                   without
                   compare
                   ;
                   Besides
                   that
                   he
                   hath
                   found
                   out
                   the
                   Invention
                   to
                   blason
                   Coa●…s
                   of
                   Gentility
                   to
                   a
                   great
                   perfection
                   ,
                   with
                   the
                   right
                   Linage
                   and
                   the
                   equal
                   compartments
                   .
                   The
                   works
                   composed
                   by
                   him
                   
                   give
                   a
                   sufficient
                   assurance
                   that
                   a
                   high
                   value
                   is
                   justly
                   put
                   upon
                   him
                   ,
                   whereof
                   are
                   extant
                   the
                   Genealogie
                   of
                   
                     Antenore
                     ,
                     Agamemnon
                     ,
                     Trasea
                     Peto
                     ,
                     Orontio
                     Stella
                     ,
                     Brandeburgica
                     ,
                     Polonica
                     ,
                     Auraica
                     ,
                  
                   and
                   the
                   Universal
                   Genalogie
                   of
                   those
                   Princes
                   ,
                   and
                   of
                   many
                   Illustrious
                   Families
                   ,
                   the
                   relation
                   of
                   so
                   many
                   Originals
                   of
                   Gentility
                   ,
                   the
                   Histories
                   of
                   
                     Conterina
                     ,
                     Cornera
                     ,
                     Zena
                     ,
                     Quirina
                     ,
                     Bemba
                     ,
                     Michiela
                     ,
                  
                   and
                   other
                   ,
                   his
                   histories
                   of
                   the
                   City
                   ,
                   and
                   Families
                   of
                   Padoua
                   ,
                   the
                   glories
                   of
                   Venice
                   ,
                   with
                   many
                   discourses
                   ,
                   Orations
                   ,
                   Elogies
                   and
                   other
                   workes
                   much
                   esteemed
                   by
                   the
                   Learned
                   ;
                   He
                   hath
                   in
                   the
                   Street
                   called
                   Coda
                   the
                   whole
                   length
                   of
                   his
                   Palace
                   erected
                   a
                   most
                   noble
                   Library
                   ,
                   wherein
                   besides
                   that
                   there
                   are
                   great
                   Quantities
                   of
                   Books
                   ,
                   of
                   Histories
                   ,
                   of
                   Humanity
                   ,
                   and
                   other
                   Learning
                   all
                   most
                   choice
                   ,
                   so
                   also
                   are
                   there
                   a
                   good
                   number
                   of
                   Manuscripts
                   in
                   Paper
                   and
                   Parchment
                   ,
                   whereof
                   many
                   are
                   set
                   in
                   gold
                   with
                   exquisite
                   Limning
                   in
                   Vermillion
                   ,
                   many
                   whereof
                   were
                   never
                   printed
                   ,
                   whose
                   very
                   Originals
                   he
                   is
                   Master
                   of
                   :
                   Moreover
                   ,
                   he
                   hath
                   the
                   Chronicles
                   of
                   Padoua
                   as
                   well
                   those
                   that
                   are
                   in
                   print
                   as
                   in
                   manuscript
                   ;
                   as
                   also
                   many
                   of
                   Venice
                   and
                   other
                   Cities
                   :
                   And
                   besides
                   these
                   in
                   a
                   Press
                   of
                   Nut-Tree
                   of
                   a
                   notable
                   Largeness
                   and
                   Workmanship
                   he
                   hath
                   collected
                   many
                   Marbles
                   ,
                   Brass
                   pieces
                   and
                   other
                   things
                   natural
                   and
                   Artificial
                   ,
                   Antient
                   and
                   Modern
                   ,
                   of
                   great
                   value
                   ,
                   as
                   also
                   a
                   quantity
                   of
                   antient
                   Medals
                   ,
                   and
                   of
                   the
                   later
                   Princes
                   both
                   of
                   Gold
                   and
                   Silver
                   ,
                   and
                   other
                   Metals
                   ,
                   which
                   are
                   of
                   a
                   sufficient
                   valew
                   ,
                   besides
                   many
                   rare
                   Pictures
                   by
                   the
                   hand
                   of
                   the
                   chief
                   Men
                   of
                   the
                   past
                   Ages
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   authentique
                   pourtraies
                   of
                   Francesco
                   Cardinal
                   ,
                   Bartolomeo
                   &
                   Paulo
                   Archbishops
                   ,
                   Orlando
                   and
                   Lorenzo
                   Bishops
                   ,
                   all
                   of
                   the
                   house
                   of
                   Zabarella
                   ,
                   and
                   likewise
                   of
                   the
                   Counts
                   Giaccomo
                   the
                   elder
                   ,
                   Giulio
                   and
                   Giacomo
                   the
                   Philosopher
                   ,
                   and
                   of
                   other
                   eminent
                   men
                   of
                   his
                   house
                   ;
                   He
                   also
                   preserves
                   the
                   great
                   privileges
                   granted
                   to
                   his
                   house
                   by
                   many
                   Popes
                   ,
                   Emperors
                   ,
                   Kings
                   and
                   Princes
                   ,
                   with
                   the
                   Key
                   of
                   gold
                   given
                   by
                   Massiminian
                   the
                   first
                   ,
                   Emperor
                   ,
                   to
                   the
                   said
                   Count
                   Giacomo
                   his
                   Ancestors
                   ,
                   he
                   likewise
                   preserves
                   many
                   Antient
                   and
                   notable
                   Seals
                   of
                   his
                   Ancestors
                   ,
                   wherewith
                   they
                   used
                   to
                   seal
                   the
                   privileges
                   of
                   those
                   Counts
                   ,
                   Knights
                   ,
                   Doctors
                   ,
                   and
                   Notaries
                   which
                   were
                   created
                   by
                   them
                   ,
                   together
                   also
                   with
                   many
                   other
                   most
                   incomparable
                   excellencies
                   both
                   concerning
                   his
                   own
                   Family
                   and
                   many
                   others
                   .
                
                 
                   
                     Monsignior
                     Giacomo
                     Filippo
                     Tomassini
                  
                   Bishop
                   of
                   
                     Citta
                     Nova
                  
                   ,
                   in
                   the
                   Street
                   called
                   
                     Ponte
                     de
                     Tadi
                  
                   ,
                   hath
                   his
                   Palace
                   restored
                   and
                   signalized
                   by
                   the
                   Signor
                   Paulo
                   his
                   Brother
                   long
                   since
                   Doctor
                   of
                   Laws
                   and
                   the
                   first
                   Advocate
                   of
                   his
                   Age
                   in
                   his
                   Countrey
                   lately
                   deceased
                   with
                   a
                   universal
                   sorrow
                   .
                   This
                   Signor
                   is
                   generally
                   esteemed
                   for
                   a
                   most
                   virtuous
                   person
                   ,
                   a
                   Philosopher
                   ,
                   a
                   Divine
                   ,
                   an
                   Astrologer
                   ,
                   an
                   Historian
                   ,
                   and
                   a
                   Humanist
                   ,
                   in
                   all
                   which
                   he
                   hath
                   justified
                   his
                   Judgment
                   by
                   those
                   most
                   Elegant
                   Books
                   he
                   hath
                   wrote
                   upon
                   all
                   these
                   subjects
                   ,
                   so
                   much
                   approved
                   by
                   the
                   Virtuous
                   :
                   His
                   Study
                   excels
                   no
                   less
                   in
                   Books
                   ,
                   Pictures
                   ,
                   Medals
                   and
                   other
                   things
                   of
                   valew
                   ,
                   Than
                   in
                   the
                   signal
                   Library
                   of
                   the
                   works
                   of
                   the
                   Lawes
                   left
                   him
                   by
                   his
                   said
                   Brother
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   Signor
                   
                     Conte
                     Giovanni
                     de
                     Lazara
                  
                   ,
                   Knight
                   of
                   the
                   Order
                   of
                   Saint
                   Stephen
                   ,
                   Son
                   to
                   the
                   Signor
                   
                     Conte
                     Nicolo
                  
                   Knight
                   of
                   the
                   same
                   Order
                   ,
                   hath
                   no
                   less
                   honoured
                   his
                   Country
                   by
                   his
                   Nobility
                   and
                   Virtue
                   ,
                   than
                   for
                   his
                   eminency
                   in
                   the
                   knowlege
                   of
                   the
                   Antiquities
                   of
                   it
                   ,
                   and
                   many
                   other
                   Countreys
                   :
                   whereto
                   he
                   hath
                   added
                   a
                   Collection
                   of
                   divers
                   
                   manuscripts
                   of
                   great
                   esteem
                   ,
                   as
                   also
                   a
                   good
                   quantity
                   of
                   Medals
                   and
                   other
                   things
                   of
                   price
                   ,
                   among
                   which
                   the
                   antient
                   Seal
                   of
                   the
                   Padouan
                   Republick
                   (
                   whereof
                   Scardevone
                   in
                   the
                   12
                   folio
                   takes
                   notice
                   )
                   is
                   greatly
                   valued
                   :
                   Besides
                   on
                   one
                   side
                   of
                   his
                   Palace
                   (
                   which
                   is
                   one
                   of
                   the
                   fairest
                   of
                   the
                   City
                   )
                   he
                   hath
                   drawn
                   a
                   Border
                   whereon
                   are
                   set
                   the
                   Pourtraies
                   of
                   many
                   Lords
                   and
                   Princes
                   the
                   Predecessors
                   ,
                   and
                   Parents
                   of
                   his
                   Family
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   Signor
                   
                     Sartorio
                     Orsato
                  
                   Doctor
                   in
                   Philosophy
                   and
                   Physick
                   ,
                   Son
                   of
                   the
                   Signor
                   Orsato
                   Knight
                   of
                   Saint
                   Mark
                   ,
                   an
                   eminent
                   Subject
                   in
                   his
                   Countrey
                   ,
                   is
                   a
                   young
                   Student
                   not
                   less
                   read
                   and
                   expert
                   in
                   Philosophy
                   and
                   Physick
                   than
                   in
                   History
                   ,
                   Humanity
                   ,
                   and
                   Antiquities
                   ,
                   and
                   in
                   his
                   brave
                   house
                   in
                   the
                   Street
                   of
                   Saint
                   Francesco
                   ,
                   hath
                   made
                   a
                   Collection
                   of
                   the
                   best
                   Books
                   and
                   squares
                   ,
                   with
                   a
                   good
                   number
                   of
                   Medals
                   ,
                   Marbles
                   ,
                   brass
                   pieces
                   and
                   other
                   singularities
                   of
                   great
                   Price
                   :
                   who
                   having
                   composed
                   several
                   works
                   both
                   in
                   Prose
                   and
                   verse
                   ,
                   as
                   well
                   in
                   the
                   Latine
                   as
                   Italian
                   Language
                   ,
                   to
                   add
                   to
                   the
                   fame
                   and
                   beauty
                   of
                   this
                   his
                   house
                   ,
                   collects
                   all
                   the
                   Antiquities
                   of
                   Marble
                   Stone
                   that
                   can
                   be
                   sound
                   and
                   obtayned
                   in
                   this
                   Countrey
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   Signor
                   
                     Francesco
                     Orsato
                  
                   his
                   Parent
                   or
                   Ally
                   having
                   his
                   handsom
                   structure
                   near
                   the
                   
                     Piazza
                     Forzate
                  
                   ,
                   is
                   a
                   Gentleman
                   virtuous
                   and
                   of
                   no
                   less
                   noble
                   Spirit
                   ,
                   skilfull
                   in
                   the
                   Mathematicks
                   ,
                   in
                   Maretine
                   Affaires
                   ,
                   History
                   ,
                   and
                   Horsmanship
                   ,
                   and
                   hath
                   amplified
                   a
                   Study
                   with
                   Books
                   ,
                   Tablets
                   ,
                   Medals
                   ,
                   Marbles
                   ,
                   and
                   Brass
                   pieces
                   ,
                   and
                   other
                   valuable
                   and
                   Antique
                   Curiosities
                   :
                   Besides
                   which
                   in
                   his
                   Hall
                   is
                   drawn
                   round
                   a
                   Frise
                   ,
                   whereto
                   are
                   hung
                   large
                   Tablets
                   made
                   by
                   the
                   chief
                   Lymners
                   of
                   this
                   Age
                   ,
                   with
                   the
                   Histories
                   of
                   the
                   several
                   illustrious
                   Women
                   in
                   the
                   holy
                   Scripture
                   mentioned
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   Signor
                   
                     Giovanni
                     Galvano
                  
                   Doctor
                   of
                   Lawes
                   ,
                   Reader
                   in
                   the
                   studies
                   ,
                   and
                   an
                   excellent
                   Disputant
                   ,
                   is
                   meritoriously
                   at
                   this
                   time
                   created
                   Protector
                   of
                   the
                   famous
                   Nation
                   of
                   the
                   Germans
                   ,
                   being
                   elected
                   to
                   that
                   degree
                   not
                   so
                   much
                   for
                   his
                   singular
                   Vertue
                   and
                   Intelligence
                   in
                   his
                   profession
                   of
                   the
                   Law
                   ,
                   and
                   defence
                   in
                   Criminal
                   causes
                   ,
                   as
                   for
                   his
                   knowlege
                   in
                   Languages
                   ,
                   Humanity
                   ,
                   History
                   &
                   other
                   the
                   most
                   worthy
                   Studies
                   ,
                   as
                   appears
                   by
                   the
                   most
                   learned
                   compositions
                   made
                   by
                   him
                   ,
                   which
                   demonstrate
                   his
                   great
                   Wisdome
                   ;
                   which
                   also
                   clearly
                   appears
                   by
                   his
                   skill
                   in
                   Antiquities
                   ,
                   and
                   in
                   the
                   Collections
                   made
                   by
                   him
                   of
                   Books
                   ,
                   Tablets
                   ,
                   Marbles
                   ,
                   brass
                   pieces
                   and
                   other
                   rare
                   and
                   exquisite
                   things
                   ,
                   wherewith
                   in
                   abundance
                   he
                   hath
                   no
                   less
                   beautified
                   his
                   most
                   signal
                   Study
                   ,
                   than
                   with
                   his
                   Collection
                   of
                   antient
                   Medals
                   ,
                   both
                   of
                   Gold
                   and
                   Silver
                   ,
                   and
                   other
                   singular
                   Metals
                   of
                   great
                   valew
                   ,
                   in
                   the
                   knowlege
                   whereof
                   most
                   Men
                   of
                   this
                   Age
                   will
                   yeeld
                   him
                   a
                   Precedency
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   Signor
                   
                     Alessandro
                     Estè
                  
                   a
                   most
                   worthy
                   Patriot
                   ,
                   and
                   much
                   honoured
                   in
                   his
                   Countrey
                   ,
                   hath
                   in
                   his
                   house
                   likewise
                   near
                   
                     Santa
                     Margarita
                  
                   got
                   together
                   a
                   notable
                   quantity
                   of
                   Medals
                   and
                   antient
                   Seals
                   ,
                   and
                   other
                   rare
                   and
                   estimable
                   curiosities
                   .
                   With
                   which
                   we
                   will
                   end
                   our
                   account
                   of
                   the
                   excellencies
                   of
                   private
                   Houses
                   .
                
                 
                   In
                   the
                   next
                   place
                   are
                   presented
                   to
                   our
                   view
                   and
                   admiration
                   seaven
                   marvellous
                   things
                   which
                   are
                   Temporal
                   ,
                   and
                   seaven
                   that
                   are
                   Ecclesiastick
                   ,
                   besides
                   many
                   others
                   :
                   For
                   the
                   first
                   seaven
                   are
                   named
                   
                     il
                     Pallazzo
                     della
                     Ragione
                  
                   or
                   Hall
                   of
                   Justice
                   ,
                   the
                   Publick
                   Schools
                   ,
                   the
                   Palace
                   of
                   
                     Foscari
                     alla
                     Arena
                  
                   ,
                   the
                   Court
                   or
                   Palace
                   of
                   the
                   Chieftain
                   ,
                   
                   the
                   Castle
                   for
                   the
                   Munition
                   ,
                   the
                   Ponte
                   or
                   Bridge
                   Molino
                   and
                   
                     Il
                     Pratto
                     della
                     valle
                  
                   or
                   Meadow
                   ;
                   And
                   for
                   the
                   Ecclesiastick
                   these
                   Churches
                   ,
                   
                     Il
                     Domo
                     ,
                     il
                     Santo
                     ,
                     Santa
                     Justina
                     ,
                     Santo
                     Agostino
                     ,
                     Li
                     Carmini
                     ,
                     Li
                     Heremitani
                     ,
                  
                   and
                   
                     San
                     Francesco
                  
                   .
                
                 
                   In
                   the
                   
                     Palazza
                     della
                     Ragione
                  
                   or
                   Hall
                   of
                   Justice
                   abovenamed
                   are
                   standing
                   fair
                   Antiquities
                   ,
                   among
                   others
                   is
                   one
                   of
                   that
                   immortal
                   Treasure
                   of
                   History
                   and
                   Antiquity
                   ,
                   Livie
                   :
                   in
                   whose
                   ever-living
                   memory
                   on
                   that
                   side
                   of
                   this
                   Hall
                   towards
                   the
                   West
                   ,
                   is
                   erected
                   a
                   Sepulchre
                   or
                   Monument
                   with
                   this
                   old
                   inscription
                   or
                   epitaph
                   added
                   thereunto
                   .
                   
                     V.
                     F.
                     T.
                     LIVIUS
                     LIVIAE
                     .
                     T.
                     F.
                     QUARTAE
                     L.
                     HALTS
                     CONCORDIALIS
                     PATAVI
                     SIBI
                     ET
                     SUIS
                     OMNIBUS
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Titus
                     Livius
                  
                   4o.
                   
                     Imperii
                     Tib.
                     Caesaris
                     ano.
                     vita
                     excessit
                     ,
                     aetatis
                     vero
                     suae
                     ,
                  
                
                 
                   LXXVI
                   .
                   and
                   not
                   far
                   distant
                   from
                   thence
                   stands
                   his
                   Image
                   .
                
                 
                   On
                   the
                   right
                   hand
                   of
                   which
                   is
                   erected
                   another
                   Monument
                   with
                   an
                   Image
                   made
                   of
                   the
                   whitest
                   Marble
                   of
                   
                     Sperone
                     ,
                     Speroni
                  
                   ,
                   a
                   man
                   of
                   an
                   elevated
                   Ingenuity
                   ,
                   as
                   may
                   be
                   known
                   by
                   his
                   works
                   ,
                   whichfor
                   the
                   most
                   part
                   he
                   hath
                   writ
                   in
                   the
                   Italian
                   tongue
                   ,
                   with
                   this
                   Inscription
                   following
                   .
                   
                     Sperono
                     Speronio
                     sapientissimo
                     ,
                     eloquentissimoque
                     ,
                     optimo
                     &
                     viro
                     ,
                     &
                     civi
                     ,
                     Virtutem
                     ,
                     meritaque
                     acta
                     vitasapientiam
                     ,
                     eloquentiam
                     declarant
                     scripta
                     .
                     Publico
                     decreto
                     .
                     Urbis
                     quatuor
                     viri
                  
                   1589.
                   
                   
                     &
                     Urbis
                  
                   2712.
                   
                   Over
                   every
                   Dore
                   of
                   this
                   great
                   Hall
                   (
                   whereof
                   it
                   hath
                   four
                   )
                   is
                   a
                   remembrance
                   of
                   those
                   four
                   most
                   famous
                   men
                   who
                   for
                   their
                   Birth
                   challenge
                   this
                   City
                   ,
                   and
                   for
                   their
                   virtue
                   have
                   no
                   less
                   Illustrated
                   this
                   their
                   Countrey
                   than
                   Italy
                   it self
                   with
                   the
                   whole
                   Universe
                   .
                   The
                   one
                   is
                   of
                   the
                   abovenamed
                   and
                   not
                   to
                   be
                   too
                   much
                   honoured
                   
                     Titus
                     Livius
                  
                   ,
                   the
                   words
                   whereof
                   follow
                   .
                
                 
                   
                     T.
                     Livius
                     Pat.
                     Historiarum
                     Lat.
                     nominis
                     facilè
                     princeps
                     ,
                     &
                     cujus
                     Lacteam
                     eloquentiam
                     aetas
                     illa
                     ,
                     quae
                     virtute
                     pariter
                     ,
                     ac
                     eruditione
                     florebat
                     ,
                     adeo
                     admirata
                     est
                     ,
                     ut
                     multi
                     Romam
                     non
                     ut
                     Urbem
                     rerum
                     pulcherrimam
                     ,
                     aut
                     Urbis
                     ,
                     &
                     Orbis
                     Dominum
                     Octavianum
                     ,
                     sed
                     ut●…hunc
                     Unum
                     inviserent
                     ,
                     audirentque
                     ,
                     a
                     Gadibus
                     profecti
                     sint
                     .
                     Hic
                     res
                     omnes
                     ,
                     quas
                     Pop.
                     Rom.
                     pace
                     belloque
                     gessit
                     quatuordecim
                     Decadibus
                     mirabili
                     felicitate
                     complexus
                     ,
                     sibi
                     ,
                     ac
                     patriae
                     gloriam
                     peperit
                     sempiternam
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   Over
                   another
                   Dore.
                   
                
                 
                   
                     Paulus
                     Pat.
                  
                   I.
                   C.
                   
                     clarissimus
                     ,
                     hujus
                     Urbis
                     Decus
                     aeternum
                     ,
                     Alex.
                     Mammeae
                     temp
                     .
                     floruit
                     ,
                     Ad
                     Praeturam
                     ,
                     Praefecturam
                     ,
                     Consulatumque
                     evectus
                     .
                     Cujusque
                     sapientiam
                     tanti
                     fecit
                     Justinianus
                     Imperator
                     ,
                     ut
                     nulla
                     civilis
                     Juris
                     particula
                     hujus
                     legibus
                     non
                     decoretur
                     .
                     Qui
                     splendore
                     famae
                     immortalis
                     oculis
                     posteritatis
                     admirand
                     .
                     Insigni
                     imagine
                     hic
                     merito
                     decoratur
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   Over
                   the
                   third
                   Dore.
                   
                
                 
                   
                     Petrus
                     apponus
                     Pat.
                     Philosophiae
                     ,
                     Medicinaeque
                     scientissimus
                     .
                     Ob
                     idque
                     Conciliatoris
                     cognomen
                     adeptus
                     .
                     Astrologiae
                     vero
                     adeo
                     peritus
                     ,
                     ut
                     in
                     Magiae
                     
                     suspicionem
                     inciderit
                     ,
                     falsoque
                     de
                     Haerisi
                     postulatus
                     ,
                     absolutus
                     fuit
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   Over
                   the
                   last
                   Dore.
                   
                
                 
                   
                     Albertus
                     Pat.
                     Heremitanae
                     Religionis
                     Splendor
                     ,
                     continentissimae
                     vitae
                     ,
                     sumpta
                     Parisiis
                     Insula
                     Magistrali
                     ,
                     in
                     Theologia
                     tantum
                     profecit
                     ,
                     ut
                     Paulum
                     ,
                     Mosen
                     ,
                     Evangelia
                     ,
                     ac
                     libros
                     Sanctorum
                     laudatissimè
                     exposuerit
                     .
                     Facundissimus
                     ea
                     aetate
                     concionator
                     .
                     Immortali
                     memoriae
                     optimo
                     jure
                     datur
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   There
                   is
                   also
                   in
                   this
                   Palace
                   a
                   Marble
                   engraven
                   after
                   this
                   manner
                   .
                
                 
                   
                     Inclyto
                     Alphonso
                     Aragonum
                     Regi
                     ,
                     Studiorum
                     Authori
                     ,
                     Reipub.
                     Venetae
                     foederato
                     ,
                     Antonio
                     Panormita
                     Legato
                     suo
                     orante
                     ,
                     et
                     Matthaeo
                     Victurio
                     hujus
                     Urbis
                     Praetore
                     constantissimo
                     intercedente
                     ,
                     ex
                     historiarum
                     Parente
                     ,
                     &
                     T.
                     Liv.
                     ossibus
                     ,
                     quae
                     hoc
                     tumulo
                     conduntur
                     ,
                     Brachium
                     Patavin
                     .
                     cives
                     in
                     munus
                     concessere
                  
                   1451.
                   
                
                 
                   To
                   conclude
                   with
                   this
                   Palace
                   or
                   Hall
                   of
                   Justice
                   ,
                   if
                   considered
                   as
                   an
                   upper
                   Room
                   ,
                   t
                   is
                   the
                   fairest
                   and
                   most
                   spacious
                   of
                   Christendome
                   ,
                   of
                   which
                   there
                   is
                   no
                   part
                   but
                   hath
                   some
                   Astronomical
                   secret
                   ;
                   t
                   is
                   convered
                   with
                   Lead
                   ,
                   and
                   round
                   about
                   goes
                   a
                   stately
                   corridor
                   of
                   Marble
                   .
                
                 
                   Near
                   the
                   abovenamed
                   Palace
                   stand
                   the
                   Schools
                   for
                   all
                   Learning
                   ;
                   which
                   is
                   the
                   second
                   Marvel
                   ,
                   not
                   only
                   of
                   Padoua
                   but
                   of
                   Europe
                   ,
                   within
                   is
                   a
                   square
                   Court
                   ,
                   the
                   building
                   two
                   stories
                   high
                   one
                   over
                   another
                   ,
                   sustained
                   with
                   most
                   fair
                   Pillars
                   ;
                   and
                   round
                   about
                   in
                   every
                   corner
                   are
                   the
                   Arms
                   of
                   all
                   such
                   as
                   have
                   been
                   Consuls
                   or
                   Protectors
                   in
                   that
                   University
                   ;
                   some
                   in
                   colours
                   only
                   ,
                   some
                   in
                   colours
                   and
                   stone
                   ,
                   with
                   their
                   Country
                   ,
                   name
                   ,
                   and
                   yeer
                   set
                   up
                   ,
                   at
                   the
                   Venetians
                   charge
                   ,
                   to
                   make
                   famous
                   this
                   Nursery
                   of
                   Learning
                   .
                   The
                   
                     Anatomick
                     Theater
                  
                   erected
                   in
                   those
                   Schools
                   stands
                   above
                   ,
                   and
                   is
                   most
                   neatly
                   contrived
                   ,
                   and
                   most
                   commodious
                   both
                   for
                   the
                   Professor
                   &
                   the
                   Spectators
                   .
                   This
                   University
                   of
                   Padoua
                   is
                   as
                   it
                   were
                   the
                   Market
                   place
                   of
                   Learning
                   (
                   and
                   much
                   approaches
                   the
                   Academy
                   of
                   Athens
                   )
                   To
                   this
                   place
                   from
                   all
                   parts
                   of
                   the
                   World
                   throng
                   the
                   most
                   eminent
                   in
                   all
                   the
                   liberal
                   sciences
                   ,
                   and
                   no
                   small
                   number
                   of
                   the
                   Nobles
                   as
                   Scholars
                   ,
                   not
                   only
                   from
                   all
                   parts
                   of
                   Italy
                   and
                   its
                   neighbouring
                   Provinces
                   ,
                   but
                   from
                   the
                   farthest
                   parts
                   of
                   the
                   World.
                   In
                   this
                   City
                   are
                   ten
                   Colleges
                   ,
                   where
                   are
                   allowed
                   honourable
                   Pensions
                   to
                   many
                   Scholars
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   first
                   College
                   stands
                   in
                   the
                   Street
                   Santo
                   called
                   Prattense
                   ,
                   deriveing
                   its
                   name
                   from
                   its
                   Founder
                   
                     Pileo
                     Conte
                     di
                     Prata
                  
                   ,
                   Cardinal
                   ,
                   and
                   Bishop
                   of
                   Padoua
                   ,
                   in
                   which
                   are
                   appointed
                   20
                   Scholars
                   ,
                   
                     Padouans
                     ,
                     Venetians
                     ,
                     Trivisans
                  
                   ,
                   and
                   Furlans
                   ,
                   with
                   a
                   Prior
                   or
                   Governor
                   ,
                   who
                   heretofore
                   kept
                   a
                   Coach
                   :
                   The
                   Scholars
                   pensions
                   were
                   20
                   Crowns
                   per
                   Moneth
                   and
                   more
                   ,
                   but
                   the
                   Merchants
                   Banke
                   of
                   Venice
                   (
                   who
                   usually
                   payed
                   them
                   )
                   being
                   of
                   late
                   lessened
                   ,
                   at
                   present
                   ,
                   besides
                   their
                   Lodging
                   and
                   Service
                   ,
                   they
                   have
                   but
                   ten
                   Crowns
                   by
                   the
                   yeer
                   .
                   The
                   Cardinal
                   committed
                   the
                   Government
                   thereof
                   to
                   
                     Francesco
                     Zabarella
                  
                   his
                   Nephew
                   ,
                   and
                   after
                   his
                   death
                   to
                   the
                   most
                   antient
                   of
                   his
                   house
                   ,
                   and
                   of
                   that
                   of
                   the
                   Family
                   
                     di
                     Leone
                  
                   ,
                   recommending
                   it
                   also
                   to
                   the
                   care
                   and
                   overseeing
                   of
                   the
                   successive
                   Bishops
                   of
                   Padoua
                   ,
                   and
                   to
                   the
                   Prior
                   of
                   the
                   College
                   of
                   the
                   Professors
                   of
                   the
                   Laws
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   second
                   called
                   
                     Spinello
                     à
                     Ponte
                     Corvo
                  
                   instituted
                   by
                   
                     Belforte
                     Spinello
                  
                   of
                   Naples
                   ,
                   is
                   governedby
                   the
                   Priors
                   of
                   the
                   Masters
                   of
                   Art
                   ,
                   &
                   by
                   the
                   most
                   Antient
                   of
                   the
                   house
                   of
                   Doctors
                   ,
                   where
                   are
                   maintained
                   four
                   Scholars
                   Masters
                   of
                   Arts
                   for
                   five
                   yeers
                   ,
                   two
                   Padouans
                   ,
                   one
                   Trevisan
                   ,
                   and
                   another
                   Stranger
                   ,
                   each
                   of
                   whose
                   allowance
                   is
                   twenty
                   five
                   Duckats
                   by
                   the
                   yeer
                   .
                
                 
                 
                   The
                   third
                   named
                   
                     da
                     Rio
                  
                   built
                   in
                   the
                   street
                   so
                   called
                   ,
                   and
                   instituted
                   by
                   that
                   Family
                   ,
                   consists
                   of
                   4
                   Scholars
                   Masters
                   of
                   Arts
                   ,
                   approved
                   by
                   the
                   most
                   antient
                   of
                   that
                   family
                   ,
                   their
                   stay
                   is
                   permitted
                   for
                   7
                   yeers
                   ,
                   their
                   allowance
                   is
                   ,
                   Lodging
                   Rooms
                   ,
                   Bread
                   and
                   Wine
                   ,
                   with
                   twelve
                   Duckats
                   ,
                   and
                   they
                   ought
                   to
                   be
                   of
                   Padoua
                   or
                   its
                   Territories
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   Fourth
                   called
                   
                     del
                     Campione
                  
                   situated
                   in
                   the
                   
                     borgo
                     di
                     Vignal
                  
                   is
                   for
                   nine
                   Scholars
                   in
                   the
                   Arts
                   :
                   two
                   Padouans
                   ,
                   two
                   Trivisans
                   ,
                   two
                   Farraresians
                   ,
                   two
                   
                     French
                     men
                  
                   ,
                   and
                   one
                   other
                   Foreiner
                   ,
                   and
                   for
                   seaven
                   yeers
                   ,
                   they
                   are
                   allowed
                   Wheat
                   ,
                   Wine
                   ,
                   Wood
                   ,
                   Service
                   ,
                   Lodging
                   ,
                   and
                   some
                   moneys
                   .
                   The
                   Patrone
                   or
                   Master
                   is
                   the
                   Abbot
                   of
                   Saint
                   Ciprian
                   of
                   Muran
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   fifth
                   named
                   
                     Santa
                     Cantarina
                  
                   is
                   submitted
                   to
                   certain
                   Noble
                   Venetians
                   ,
                   and
                   hath
                   for
                   Scholars
                   in
                   the
                   Arts.
                   16
                   who
                   have
                   Corn
                   ,
                   Wine
                   ,
                   Money
                   ,
                   Salt
                   ,
                   Lodgings
                   ,
                   and
                   Service
                   allowed
                   in
                   a
                   handsome
                   proportion
                   for
                   seaven
                   years
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   sixth
                   dedicated
                   to
                   
                     Santa
                     Lucia
                  
                   by
                   the
                   Brescians
                   conteyns
                   6
                   Scholars
                   in
                   the
                   sciences
                   chosen
                   by
                   the
                   Communalty
                   of
                   Brescia
                   ,
                   their
                   allowance
                   is
                   25
                   Duckats
                   a
                   peece
                   with
                   their
                   Lodging
                   and
                   service
                   defrayed
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   seaventh
                   called
                   Feltrino
                   founded
                   in
                   the
                   Street
                   Santo
                   ,
                   is
                   governed
                   by
                   the
                   nobles
                   of
                   the
                   family
                   of
                   
                     Altini
                     in
                     feltre
                  
                   ,
                   the
                   continuance
                   of
                   the
                   Scholars
                   (
                   who
                   must
                   be
                   students
                   in
                   the
                   Laws
                   )
                   is
                   seaven
                   yeers
                   ,
                   their
                   number
                   is
                   but
                   two
                   Scholars
                   and
                   one-Artist
                   ,
                   they
                   have
                   for
                   allowance
                   a
                   quantity
                   of
                   Wheat
                   being
                   16
                   measures
                   for
                   each
                   ,
                   and
                   10
                   Mastellaes
                   of
                   Wine
                   with
                   their
                   Lodgings
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   eighth
                   built
                   in
                   the
                   Street
                   
                     San
                     Leonardo
                  
                   named
                   
                     del
                     Ravenna
                  
                   ,
                   is
                   put
                   under
                   the
                   tuition
                   of
                   
                     Piavano
                     di
                     S.
                     Giulano
                     di
                     Venetia
                     ,
                  
                   &
                   the
                   Scholars
                   have
                   Lodging
                   Rooms
                   ,
                   Services
                   ,
                   and
                   one
                   Duckat
                   allowed
                   by
                   the
                   yeer
                   for
                   each
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   ninth
                   in
                   the
                   Viginali
                   called
                   Cocho
                   is
                   for
                   Six
                   Noble
                   Venetians
                   ,
                   each
                   ones
                   allowance
                   ,
                   being
                   Lodging
                   ,
                   Service
                   ,
                   and
                   40
                   Duckats
                   yeerly
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   tenth
                   called
                   Amulio
                   ,
                   near
                   the
                   
                     Pratto
                     della
                     vallae
                  
                   ,
                   is
                   for
                   12
                   Scholars
                   Noble
                   Venetians
                   ,
                   founded
                   by
                   
                     Marco
                     Antonio
                     Amulio
                  
                   Cardinal
                   ,
                   and
                   every
                   Scholar
                   is
                   allowed
                   ,
                   Lodging
                   Rooms
                   ,
                   his
                   services
                   are
                   payed
                   ,
                   and
                   six
                   Duckats
                   by
                   the
                   year
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   third
                   notable
                   and
                   marvellous
                   Temporal
                   Rarity
                   of
                   Padoua
                   is
                   the
                   Piazza
                   or
                   place
                   caled
                   the
                   Arena
                   ,
                   which
                   is
                   a
                   noble
                   Court
                   ,
                   round
                   about
                   which
                   stands
                   the
                   old
                   Arches
                   ,
                   and
                   Vestigia
                   of
                   a
                   proud
                   Theatre
                   ,
                   which
                   by
                   the
                   antients
                   was
                   called
                   Naumachia
                   ,
                   but
                   of
                   later
                   yeers
                   they
                   use
                   it
                   to
                   run
                   a
                   Tilt
                   ,
                   and
                   for
                   all
                   manner
                   of
                   horsemanship
                   ,
                   with
                   many
                   other
                   games
                   ;
                   the
                   Ladies
                   standing
                   to
                   behold
                   them
                   in
                   the
                   open
                   Casements
                   of
                   that
                   proud
                   Palace
                   ,
                   which
                   stands
                   at
                   the
                   head
                   of
                   the
                   Court
                   in
                   a
                   Lunary
                   form
                   ,
                   the
                   Arena
                   or
                   Court
                   being
                   Oval
                   .
                
                 
                   Backwards
                   towards
                   the
                   Wall
                   are
                   gardens
                   filled
                   with
                   Vines
                   and
                   pretious
                   Fruits
                   ,
                   as
                   ,
                   also
                   on
                   that
                   side
                   which
                   is
                   towards
                   the
                   Church
                   of
                   the
                   Hermits
                   with
                   a
                   small
                   Chapel
                   dedicated
                   to
                   the
                   holy
                   Virgin
                   ,
                   which
                   is
                   also
                   a
                   Priorate
                   of
                   the
                   house
                   of
                   Foscarie
                   and
                   belonging
                   to
                   that
                   serene
                   Family
                   of
                   Venice
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   fourth
                   marvellous
                   object
                   is
                   the
                   Court
                   of
                   the
                   Captain
                   or
                   Governour
                   of
                   the
                   City
                   ,
                   where
                   the
                   Proud
                   Palace
                   of
                   the
                   said
                   Praefect
                   ,
                   the
                   Chamberlains
                   and
                   many
                   other
                   Citizens
                   habitations
                   ,
                   besides
                   the
                   
                   dwelling
                   of
                   a
                   world
                   of
                   other
                   People
                   are
                   so
                   contrived
                   that
                   it
                   may
                   not
                   improperly
                   be
                   called
                   a
                   little
                   Cittadel
                   :
                   This
                   was
                   the
                   Kingly
                   house
                   of
                   the
                   Carraresi
                   ,
                   Its
                   Chambers
                   may
                   truly
                   be
                   said
                   to
                   be
                   built
                   for
                   Princes
                   ,
                   with
                   two
                   halls
                   which
                   for
                   their
                   Largeness
                   and
                   Nobleness
                   could
                   not
                   be
                   built
                   for
                   other
                   ;
                   the
                   one
                   is
                   Called
                   the
                   Hall
                   of
                   Giants
                   ,
                   wherein
                   stands
                   the
                   publick
                   Library
                   :
                   here
                   are
                   pourtrayed
                   the
                   most
                   eminent
                   Subjects
                   of
                   the
                   Roman
                   Republick
                   ,
                   &
                   of
                   the
                   World
                   ,
                   with
                   a
                   representation
                   of
                   their
                   most
                   famous
                   Acts
                   ,
                   by
                   the
                   hand
                   of
                   Gualterio
                   a
                   most
                   eminent
                   Lymner
                   ,
                   with
                   their
                   Elegies
                   under
                   each
                   figure
                   ,
                   heretofore
                   composed
                   by
                   the
                   most
                   virtuous
                   
                     Giovanni
                     di
                     Cavazzi
                  
                   a
                   gentlemā
                   of
                   Padoua
                   ,
                   and
                   inscribed
                   in
                   a
                   signal
                   Character
                   by
                   
                     Pietro
                     Francesco
                     Pucivigiano
                  
                   called
                   the
                   Moor
                   :
                   The
                   Books
                   conteyned
                   in
                   the
                   said
                   Library
                   are
                   most
                   excellent
                   and
                   in
                   great
                   abundance
                   ;
                   The
                   signor
                   
                     Gio
                     Battista
                     Salvatico
                  
                   ,
                   Doctor
                   ,
                   Knight
                   ,
                   and
                   a
                   Gentleman
                   of
                   Padoua
                   bequeathed
                   to
                   it
                   ,
                   by
                   his
                   Testament
                   ,
                   his
                   Collection
                   of
                   the
                   Books
                   of
                   the
                   Laws
                   of
                   a
                   great
                   valew
                   .
                   The
                   signor
                   
                     Giacomo
                     Caino
                  
                   a
                   Gentleman
                   of
                   Furlan
                   Doctor
                   and
                   Reader
                   in
                   the
                   College
                   hath
                   likewise
                   given
                   to
                   it
                   the
                   Library
                   of
                   
                     Pompeo
                     Cacino
                  
                   a
                   Physician
                   his
                   Uncle
                   ,
                   of
                   no
                   less
                   esteem
                   ;
                   The
                   signor
                   
                     Conte
                     Giacomo
                     Zabarella
                  
                   hath
                   added
                   to
                   it
                   a
                   brave
                   quantity
                   of
                   Manuscripts
                   ,
                   some
                   writ
                   in
                   parchment
                   ,
                   others
                   in
                   paper
                   bound
                   in
                   Leather
                   Lymned
                   with
                   Vermillion
                   and
                   Gold
                   rarely
                   and
                   exquisitely
                   :
                   some
                   whereof
                   were
                   never
                   Printed
                   ,
                   amongst
                   which
                   are
                   the
                   workes
                   of
                   Cardinal
                   Zabarella
                   ,
                   of
                   the
                   Count
                   
                     Giacomo
                     Zabarella
                  
                   his
                   Grandfather
                   of
                   Philosophy
                   ;
                   of
                   the
                   Count
                   Francesco
                   his
                   Father
                   ,
                   which
                   are
                   in
                   rime
                   and
                   prose
                   in
                   the
                   Tuscan
                   Tongue
                   very
                   learned
                   ,
                   and
                   treating
                   of
                   many
                   subjects
                   concerning
                   his
                   own
                   Family
                   :
                   Therein
                   also
                   are
                   the
                   Works
                   of
                   
                     Cesare
                     Cremonio
                  
                   the
                   Philosopher
                   ,
                   and
                   many
                   other
                   bought
                   at
                   the
                   Publick
                   cost
                   ,
                   and
                   others
                   added
                   there
                   by
                   the
                   Signor
                   
                     Ottavio
                     Ferrari
                  
                   a
                   Gentleman
                   of
                   Milan
                   Reader
                   of
                   Humanity
                   in
                   the
                   Schools
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   publick
                   Library
                   Keeper
                   ,
                   which
                   Library
                   is
                   every
                   day
                   so
                   increased
                   by
                   the
                   Nobility
                   and
                   others
                   ,
                   that
                   t
                   is
                   well
                   hoped
                   within
                   a
                   little
                   time
                   t
                   will
                   arrive
                   to
                   the
                   Reputation
                   of
                   the
                   richest
                   and
                   most
                   famous
                   in
                   the
                   World.
                   
                
                 
                   The
                   fifth
                   wonder
                   is
                   the
                   Castle
                   for
                   the
                   Munition
                   above
                   named
                   near
                   the
                   Church
                   of
                   Saint
                   Agostino
                   ,
                   which
                   was
                   built
                   by
                   the
                   Tyrant
                   Eccellilino
                   for
                   his
                   safeguard
                   ,
                   wherein
                   he
                   slew
                   so
                   many
                   Noble
                   Padouans
                   ,
                   that
                   he
                   had
                   almost
                   destroyed
                   the
                   whole
                   City
                   :
                   herein
                   are
                   the
                   publick
                   Granaries
                   to
                   maintain
                   plenty
                   in
                   the
                   City
                   ,
                   and
                   all
                   sorts
                   of
                   Ammunition
                   for
                   its
                   defence
                   in
                   time
                   of
                   need
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   sixth
                   admirable
                   thing
                   is
                   the
                   
                     Ponte
                     Molino
                  
                   ;
                   so
                   called
                   from
                   the
                   thirty
                   wheels
                   of
                   Mills
                   there
                   erected
                   (
                   a
                   most
                   signal
                   Object
                   )
                   and
                   the
                   five
                   Arches
                   of
                   flint
                   Stone
                   ;
                   near
                   which
                   stands
                   a
                   Palace
                   in
                   manner
                   of
                   a
                   Fortress
                   built
                   with
                   those
                   very
                   Large
                   squared
                   &
                   wrought
                   Stones
                   which
                   were
                   brought
                   from
                   the
                   other
                   ruinated
                   Palaces
                   and
                   Forts
                   by
                   Eccellino
                   the
                   Tyrant
                   ,
                   with
                   a
                   Fort
                   and
                   most
                   fayr
                   Tower
                   ,
                   in
                   the
                   yeer
                   1250
                   And
                   is
                   now
                   possessed
                   by
                   the
                   Count
                   
                     Giacomo
                     Zabarella
                  
                   ,
                   as
                   is
                   above
                   said
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   seventh
                   wonderfull
                   Object
                   of
                   Padoua
                   is
                   
                     il
                     Prato
                     della
                     ,
                     valle
                  
                   a
                   Meadow
                   so
                   ample
                   that
                   t
                   would
                   alone
                   contain
                   a
                   great
                   City
                   :
                   It
                   was
                   antiently
                   called
                   
                     Campo
                     Marzo
                  
                   ,
                   the
                   field
                   of
                   Mars
                   ,
                   from
                   the
                   Martial
                   exercises
                   there
                   used
                   ,
                   and
                   in
                   this
                   place
                   were
                   many
                   Saints
                   beheaded
                   by
                   the
                   Pagans
                   ,
                   to
                   such
                   a
                   number
                   that
                   they
                   are
                   wont
                   to
                   say
                   that
                   part
                   
                   which
                   is
                   compassed
                   by
                   Water
                   was
                   emplastered
                   with
                   the
                   blood
                   of
                   those
                   Martyrs
                   :
                   Here
                   every
                   first
                   Saturday
                   of
                   the
                   Moneth
                   is
                   held
                   a
                   free
                   Fayr
                   or
                   Market
                   of
                   all
                   sorts
                   of
                   Cattel
                   and
                   other
                   Creatures
                   ,
                   and
                   at
                   the
                   Feast
                   of
                   Saint
                   Antonio
                   is
                   a
                   famous
                   Fayr
                   there
                   ,
                   which
                   although
                   it
                   happens
                   in
                   the
                   hottest
                   Weather
                   ,
                   being
                   there
                   kept
                   for
                   fifteen
                   days
                   in
                   the
                   midest
                   of
                   June
                   ,
                   and
                   that
                   there
                   are
                   then
                   many
                   thousands
                   of
                   Creatures
                   ,
                   yet
                   there
                   is
                   never
                   seen
                   a
                   Fly
                   to
                   molest
                   them
                   .
                
                 
                   If
                   to
                   these
                   might
                   be
                   added
                   an
                   eighth
                   Wonder
                   ,
                   we
                   would
                   name
                   the
                   Vineyard
                   or
                   Garden
                   of
                   the
                   Knight
                   
                     Bonifacio
                     Papa
                     fava
                  
                   ,
                   situate
                   in
                   the
                   Street
                   called
                   Vanzo
                   ,
                   where
                   besides
                   a
                   most
                   fair
                   and
                   adorned
                   Palace
                   ,
                   you
                   beholds
                   many
                   statues
                   of
                   excellent
                   workmanship
                   ,
                   and
                   infinite
                   numbers
                   of
                   Cittron
                   and
                   Orange
                   Trees
                   ,
                   which
                   forme
                   lovely
                   walks
                   to
                   the
                   Passengers
                   ,
                   for
                   beautifying
                   whereof
                   ,
                   of
                   those
                   Trees
                   are
                   framed
                   Arches
                   and
                   Prospects
                   to
                   delight
                   the
                   eye
                   ;
                   to
                   whose
                   confines
                   is
                   conjoyned
                   a
                   full
                   stream
                   of
                   water
                   brought
                   from
                   the
                   main
                   River
                   by
                   a
                   curious
                   Aqueduct
                   ,
                   which
                   being
                   confined
                   to
                   one
                   Gate
                   under
                   the
                   Wall
                   ,
                   gives
                   at
                   its
                   utterance
                   a
                   sweet
                   murmur
                   ,
                   and
                   with
                   its
                   clear
                   gurgling
                   on
                   every
                   side
                   washes
                   the
                   Foot
                   of
                   the
                   Palace
                   :
                   And
                   the
                   flowry
                   bankes
                   within
                   which
                   the
                   said
                   Rivolet
                   is
                   contained
                   renders
                   the
                   Palace
                   as
                   it
                   were
                   in
                   an
                   Island
                   of
                   so
                   specious
                   delights
                   and
                   pleasant
                   Savours
                   ,
                   that
                   what
                   is
                   added
                   by
                   Art
                   to
                   that
                   of
                   Nature
                   may
                   well
                   cause
                   it
                   to
                   be
                   termed
                   the
                   eighth
                   wonder
                   .
                   Hither
                   flock
                   for
                   their
                   Pastime
                   the
                   Ladies
                   and
                   Gallants
                   of
                   Padoua
                   ,
                   inviteing
                   with
                   them
                   also
                   the
                   Foreiners
                   with
                   their
                   Musick
                   and
                   other
                   Pastimes
                   ,
                   where
                   (
                   in
                   the
                   hottest
                   Weather
                   )
                   the
                   shade
                   of
                   the
                   Trees
                   ,
                   the
                   Ampleness
                   of
                   the
                   Walks
                   ,
                   the
                   pleasantness
                   of
                   the
                   Waters
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   beauty
                   of
                   the
                   site
                   add
                   (
                   to
                   their
                   other
                   joys
                   and
                   delights
                   )
                   a
                   fresh
                   Ayr.
                   And
                   although
                   these
                   beauties
                   shew
                   themselves
                   in
                   perfection
                   ,
                   yet
                   that
                   magnanimous
                   Cavalier
                   never
                   ceases
                   to
                   illustrate
                   it
                   (
                   to
                   his
                   no
                   small
                   costs
                   )
                   with
                   greater
                   delights
                   ;
                   and
                   by
                   this
                   and
                   his
                   other
                   Gallantries
                   shewes
                   himself
                   to
                   be
                   born
                   of
                   that
                   Family
                   which
                   for
                   its
                   Greatness
                   and
                   Dominion
                   was
                   no
                   less
                   formidable
                   in
                   Italy
                   ,
                   than
                   renowned
                   in
                   Europe
                   .
                   At
                   this
                   present
                   resides
                   here
                   ,
                   this
                   Noble
                   Person
                   with
                   his
                   Brother
                   
                     Scipio
                     Papafava
                  
                   ,
                   Knight
                   of
                   the
                   great
                   Cross
                   of
                   the
                   Order
                   of
                   Hierusalem
                   ,
                   Prior
                   of
                   Messina
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   most
                   worthy
                   Primate
                   of
                   the
                   whole
                   Kingdome
                   of
                   Sicilia
                   ,
                   together
                   with
                   the
                   virtuous
                   Roberto
                   Son
                   of
                   the
                   above
                   named
                   Cavalier
                   Bonifacio
                   ,
                   young
                   in
                   yeers
                   ,
                   but
                   his
                   conditions
                   a●…d
                   practices
                   may
                   challenge
                   the
                   ripest
                   Age
                   ,
                   who
                   is
                   the
                   Comendatory
                   Abbot
                   of
                   Sebinico
                   ,
                   being
                   Doctor
                   of
                   Philosophy
                   ,
                   of
                   Divinity
                   &
                   of
                   the
                   Laws
                   ,
                   a
                   true
                   Splendor
                   to
                   his
                   Country
                   and
                   Family
                   ,
                   being
                   conversant
                   in
                   the
                   Greek
                   ,
                   Latine
                   ,
                   and
                   Hebrew
                   Tongues
                   ,
                   and
                   well
                   known
                   in
                   the
                   Mathematicks
                   ,
                   as
                   was
                   testified
                   by
                   the
                   singular
                   experiments
                   of
                   his
                   Ingenuity
                   some
                   Moneths
                   since
                   .
                   There
                   flourishes
                   likewise
                   of
                   this
                   Noble
                   Family
                   at
                   this
                   time
                   a
                   numerous
                   company
                   of
                   Cavaliers
                   and
                   great
                   Subjects
                   ,
                   who
                   degrade
                   not
                   from
                   their
                   most
                   famous
                   and
                   Antient
                   Progenitors
                   ,
                   of
                   whom
                   to
                   speak
                   but
                   little
                   will
                   diminish
                   from
                   their
                   Fame
                   ,
                   and
                   much
                   is
                   not
                   opportune
                   in
                   this
                   place
                   :
                   for
                   their
                   Ordinary
                   dwelling
                   ,
                   these
                   Signors
                   have
                   a
                   Palace
                   in
                   the
                   Street
                   
                     San
                     Francesco
                     Maggiore
                  
                   ,
                   where
                   they
                   have
                   Coppies
                   of
                   exquisite
                   Books
                   in
                   all
                   the
                   Professions
                   ,
                   left
                   them
                   by
                   Monsignor
                   
                     Ubertino
                     Papafava
                  
                   Bishop
                   of
                   Adria
                   ,
                   Brother
                   of
                   Bonifacio
                   ,
                   besides
                   many
                   antient
                   Manuscripts
                   and
                   Authors
                   not
                   yet
                   printed
                   ,
                   which
                   relate
                   the
                   Histories
                   of
                   this
                   Family
                   
                   also
                   the
                   old
                   coyning
                   Press
                   of
                   the
                   Carraresian
                   Princes
                   ,
                   with
                   other
                   pretious
                   monuments
                   of
                   this
                   House
                   ,
                   preserved
                   in
                   the
                   Chamber
                   of
                   Rowles
                   of
                   the
                   said
                   Palace
                   ,
                   which
                   may
                   be
                   termed
                   the
                   most
                   large
                   and
                   worth
                   seeing
                   of
                   this
                   City
                   .
                
                 
                   And
                   now
                   we
                   come
                   to
                   the
                   Spiritual
                   wonders
                   and
                   Churches
                   of
                   Padoua
                   ,
                   whereof
                   the
                   first
                   is
                   the
                   Domo
                   or
                   Cathedral
                   Church
                   ,
                   situate
                   (
                   near
                   )
                   in
                   the
                   midst
                   of
                   the
                   City
                   .
                   The
                   Padouans
                   were
                   converted
                   to
                   the
                   Christian
                   Faith
                   ,
                   by
                   the
                   predication
                   of
                   Saint
                   Prosdocimo
                   their
                   first
                   Bishopp
                   authorized
                   by
                   Saint
                   Peter
                   ,
                   who
                   (
                   among
                   others
                   )
                   baptized
                   Vitaliono
                   the
                   Chief
                   Man
                   in
                   this
                   City
                   ,
                   who
                   therefore
                   built
                   the
                   Church
                   of
                   Saint
                   
                     Soffia
                     .
                     Henry
                  
                   the
                   fourth
                   Emperor
                   enriched
                   this
                   Cathedral
                   ,
                   giving
                   to
                   it
                   twenty
                   seaven
                   rich
                   Canonicats
                   ,
                   of
                   so
                   good
                   a
                   revenew
                   that
                   they
                   may
                   be
                   styled
                   so
                   many
                   Bishops
                   ;
                   among
                   which
                   are
                   four
                   dignities
                   ,
                   that
                   is
                   to
                   say
                   ,
                   Arch
                   -
                   priest
                   ,
                   Arch.
                   Deacon
                   ,
                   The
                   Person
                   that
                   hath
                   charge
                   of
                   the
                   wax
                   ,
                   &c.
                   
                   And
                   the
                   Deacon
                   ;
                   there
                   are
                   twelve
                   under
                   Canons
                   ,
                   six
                   Custodi
                   or
                   Rectors
                   ,
                   and
                   six
                   Mansonary
                   or
                   Houskeepers
                   ,
                   and
                   more
                   than
                   60
                   other
                   Persons
                   and
                   Clerks
                   belonging
                   to
                   the
                   Chapel
                   ,
                   besides
                   the
                   Masters
                   of
                   Grammar
                   and
                   Musick
                   ▪
                   with
                   many
                   excellent
                   Singers
                   ,
                   so
                   that
                   this
                   Clergy
                   exceeds
                   a
                   hundred
                   Persons
                   ,
                   and
                   their
                   Revenew
                   above
                   a
                   hundred
                   thousand
                   Duckats
                   by
                   the
                   yeer
                   ,
                   which
                   makes
                   it
                   the
                   most
                   noble
                   and
                   Rich
                   of
                   Italy
                   :
                   and
                   therefore
                   t
                   is
                   that
                   the
                   Bishop
                   of
                   Padoua
                   is
                   styled
                   a
                   little
                   Pope
                   ,
                   and
                   his
                   Canons
                   with
                   some
                   reason
                   the
                   Cardinals
                   of
                   Lombardy
                   ,
                   for
                   that
                   their
                   Chapter
                   is
                   alwaies
                   filled
                   with
                   the
                   Nobility
                   of
                   
                     Venice
                     ,
                     Padoua
                  
                   ,
                   and
                   other
                   Cities
                   ,
                   whereof
                   so
                   many
                   have
                   ascended
                   to
                   the
                   Miter
                   ,
                   and
                   Hatt
                   ,
                   that
                   t
                   is
                   worthily
                   called
                   to
                   this
                   day
                   the
                   Seminary
                   of
                   Cardinals
                   and
                   great
                   Prelates
                   .
                
                 
                   In
                   this
                   Church
                   (
                   not
                   elsewhere
                   as
                   is
                   pretended
                   )
                   lyes
                   enterred
                   the
                   Wife
                   of
                   Henry
                   the
                   fourth
                   ,
                   whose
                   name
                   was
                   Berta
                   ,
                   as
                   is
                   proved
                   by
                   this
                   antique
                   Inscription
                   .
                   
                     
                       Praesulis
                       ,
                       &
                       Cleri
                       praesenti
                       praedia
                       phano
                    
                     
                       Donavit
                       Regina
                       jacens
                       hoc
                       marmore
                       Berta
                    
                     
                       Henrici
                       ●…egis
                       Patavi
                       ,
                       celeberrima
                       quarti
                    
                     
                       Conjunx
                       tam
                       grandi
                       dono
                       memoranda
                       per
                       aevum
                       .
                    
                  
                
                 
                   Under
                   the
                   Chorus
                   within
                   a
                   rich
                   Monument
                   of
                   Marble
                   ,
                   lies
                   the
                   Body
                   of
                   Saint
                   Daniel
                   ,
                   one
                   of
                   the
                   four
                   Tutelars
                   .
                
                 
                   Two
                   great
                   Cardinals
                   repose
                   in
                   this
                   Church
                   ,
                   who
                   were
                   both
                   Arch
                   priests
                   of
                   the
                   same
                   ,
                   that
                   is
                   to
                   say
                   ,
                   
                     Pileo
                     de
                     Pratta
                  
                   ,
                   and
                   
                     Francesco
                     Zabarella
                  
                   ,
                   with
                   other
                   eminent
                   Persons
                   .
                
                 
                   
                     Pileo
                     Conti
                     di
                     Pratta
                  
                   a
                   Citizen
                   of
                   Padona
                   and
                   of
                   Furlan
                   was
                   for
                   his
                   vertue
                   created
                   Bishop
                   of
                   Padoua
                   ,
                   and
                   afterwards
                   Cardinal
                   of
                   Saint
                   Prassede
                   by
                   Pope
                   Gregory
                   the
                   11th
                   .
                   and
                   Apostolick
                   Legate
                   .
                   But
                   in
                   the
                   yeer
                   1378.
                   the
                   Schism
                   being
                   risen
                   between
                   Urban
                   the
                   sixth
                   his
                   successor
                   ,
                   and
                   Clement
                   the
                   Antipope
                   ,
                   he
                   was
                   deposed
                   by
                   Urban
                   ,
                   after
                   whose
                   death
                   Bonifacio
                   the
                   ninth
                   suceeding
                   ,
                   he
                   was
                   again
                   created
                   Cardinal
                   with
                   the
                   Title
                   of
                   the
                   Tusculan
                   Bishop
                   ,
                   and
                   Apostolick
                   Legate
                   ,
                   and
                   finally
                   he
                   dyed
                   at
                   Padoua
                   ,
                   and
                   was
                   buried
                   in
                   this
                   Church
                   in
                   a
                   sublime
                   and
                   most
                   noble
                   Arch
                   with
                   this
                   memorial
                   .
                   
                     
                     
                       Pileus
                       Pratta
                       Card.
                    
                     
                       Stirpe
                       Comes
                       Pratae
                       ,
                       praeclarus
                       origine
                       ,
                       multis
                    
                     
                       Dotibus
                       insignis
                       ,
                       seclo
                       celeberrimus
                       Orbe
                       :
                    
                     
                       Defunctus
                       statuit
                       sic
                       suprema
                       voluntas
                       ,
                    
                     
                       Hac
                       Cardinalis
                       Pileus
                       tumulatur
                       in
                       urna
                       .
                    
                  
                
                 
                   And
                   this
                   Arch
                   was
                   heretofore
                   in
                   the
                   Chapel
                   of
                   the
                   Holyest
                   ,
                   on
                   the
                   right
                   side
                   of
                   the
                   Chorus
                   ,
                   but
                   being
                   necessitated
                   to
                   make
                   the
                   door
                   of
                   the
                   greater
                   Vestry
                   in
                   that
                   place
                   ,
                   it
                   was
                   removed
                   out
                   of
                   that
                   Chapel
                   ,
                   and
                   adjoyned
                   to
                   the
                   nearest
                   Wall
                   in
                   a
                   worthy
                   and
                   eminent
                   Place
                   .
                
                 
                   
                     Francesco
                     Zabarella
                  
                   ,
                   a
                   Philosopher
                   ,
                   Divine
                   ,
                   and
                   a
                   sublime
                   Lawyer
                   ,
                   was
                   esteemed
                   the
                   Prince
                   of
                   the
                   wise
                   men
                   of
                   the
                   World
                   in
                   his
                   Age
                   ,
                   and
                   his
                   works
                   left
                   behinde
                   him
                   prove
                   his
                   desert
                   of
                   that
                   Title
                   :
                   He
                   was
                   a
                   most
                   Learned
                   man
                   in
                   all
                   the
                   sciences
                   ,
                   and
                   of
                   a
                   most
                   holy
                   Life
                   ,
                   for
                   which
                   reason
                   the
                   Florentines
                   and
                   Padouans
                   offered
                   him
                   the
                   Episcopal
                   Dignity
                   ,
                   and
                   other
                   Princes
                   not
                   a
                   few
                   eminent
                   Degrees
                   .
                   At
                   last
                   Pope
                   John
                   the
                   22d
                   .
                   created
                   him
                   Arch-Bishop
                   of
                   Florence
                   ;
                   then
                   Caidinal
                   of
                   
                     SS
                     .
                     Cosmo
                  
                   ,
                   and
                   Damiano
                   ,
                   in
                   the
                   yeer
                   1411
                   :
                   and
                   after
                   that
                   Legate
                   of
                   the
                   Apostolick
                   Sea
                   &
                   ,
                   Praesident
                   of
                   the
                   Council
                   of
                   Constanza
                   ;
                   where
                   being
                   earnestly
                   desired
                   and
                   designed
                   for
                   Pope
                   ,
                   he
                   dyed
                   in
                   the
                   78rh
                   .
                   yeer
                   of
                   his
                   Age
                   ,
                   in
                   Anno
                   1477.
                   
                   For
                   whose
                   Body
                   (
                   transported
                   into
                   his
                   Countrey
                   )
                   was
                   erected
                   a
                   most
                   fayr
                   Mauseole
                   a
                   rich
                   Monument
                   ,
                   where
                   it
                   reposeth
                   to
                   this
                   day
                   in
                   the
                   Chapel
                   of
                   the
                   Blessed
                   Virgin
                   ,
                   on
                   the
                   left
                   side
                   of
                   the
                   Chorus
                   ,
                   in
                   an
                   Arch
                   of
                   pure
                   white
                   Marble
                   with
                   this
                   Memorial
                   .
                   
                     
                       Franc.
                       Zabarellae
                       Flor.
                       Archepis
                       .
                       viro
                       optimo
                       ,
                    
                     
                       Urbi
                       &
                       Orbi
                       gratissimo
                       ,
                       Divini
                       Humaniquè
                       juris
                    
                     
                       Interpreti
                       praestantissimo
                       ,
                       in
                       Cardinalium
                       Collegium
                    
                     
                       Ob
                       summam
                       sapientiam
                       cooptato
                       ,
                       ac
                       eorundem
                       animis
                    
                     
                       Pontifice
                       prope
                       maximo
                       Io.
                       22.
                       ejus
                       suasu
                       abdicato
                    
                     
                       Ante
                       Martinum
                       V.
                       ob
                       singularem
                       probitatem
                       in
                       Constant.
                    
                     
                       Concilio
                       .
                       Joannes
                       Jacobi
                       viri
                       Clarissimi
                       silius
                       id
                    
                     
                       Monumentum
                       ponendum
                       eur
                       avit
                       .
                       Vixit
                       Annos
                       LXXVIII
                       .
                    
                     
                       Obiit
                       Costantiae
                       1417.
                       
                    
                  
                
                 
                   This
                   Chapel
                   was
                   called
                   of
                   
                     SS
                     .
                     Pietro
                  
                   ,
                   and
                   Paulo
                   ,
                   and
                   was
                   acquired
                   and
                   endowed
                   by
                   
                     Bartol
                     .
                     Zabarella
                  
                   Arch-bishop
                   of
                   Spalatro
                   for
                   the
                   use
                   and
                   name
                   of
                   his
                   Family
                   ;
                   who
                   thence
                   are
                   Patrons
                   of
                   it
                   and
                   maintain
                   therein
                   two
                   Chaplains
                   ;
                   afterwards
                   it
                   took
                   the
                   name
                   of
                   the
                   Blessed
                   Virgin
                   ,
                   when
                   the
                   Noble
                   
                     Matron
                     Antonia
                     Zabarella
                  
                   Sister
                   to
                   the
                   Cardinal
                   bequeathed
                   to
                   it
                   by
                   her
                   Will
                   that
                   most
                   holy
                   Image
                   ,
                   which
                   was
                   found
                   in
                   her
                   house
                   ,
                   then
                   placed
                   over
                   the
                   Altar
                   of
                   this
                   Chapel
                   ,
                   which
                   Tradition
                   saith
                   was
                   painted
                   by
                   Saint
                   Luke
                   :
                   which
                   
                     Robert
                     King
                  
                   of
                   Naples
                   gave
                   to
                   
                     Francesco
                     Petrarcha
                  
                   ,
                   by
                   whome
                   t
                   was
                   transported
                   to
                   Padoua
                   ,
                   and
                   left
                   to
                   Giacomo
                   the
                   2.
                   of
                   Carrara
                   its
                   Lord.
                   After
                   whose
                   decease
                   it
                   came
                   to
                   Marsilio
                   his
                   second
                   Son
                   ,
                   who
                   gave
                   it
                   in
                   portion
                   with
                   Fiordilige
                   his
                   Daughter
                   ,
                   Wife
                   of
                   
                     Pietro
                     Zabarella
                  
                   ,
                   then
                   it
                   came
                   to
                   the
                   hands
                   of
                   the
                   said
                   Antonia
                   ,
                   by
                   whom
                   with
                   other
                   gifts
                   t
                   was
                   left
                   to
                   the
                   Domo
                   ,
                   and
                   is
                   that
                   most
                   holy
                   Image
                   which
                   in
                   
                   their
                   Processions
                   they
                   carry
                   when
                   they
                   would
                   obteyn
                   in
                   their
                   greatest
                   necessity
                   the
                   Divine
                   Assistance
                   by
                   her
                   Intercession
                   .
                   In
                   this
                   Chapel
                   are
                   other
                   Epitaphs
                   and
                   Monuments
                   ,
                   of
                   the
                   Noble
                   Family
                   of
                   Zabarella
                   ,
                   whose
                   Original
                   is
                   known
                   to
                   proceed
                   from
                   the
                   most
                   Antient
                   Sabatini
                   ,
                   of
                   Eolonia
                   ;
                   whose
                   Ancestors
                   came
                   from
                   the
                   
                     Cornelii
                     ,
                     Scipioni
                  
                   of
                   Rome
                   ;
                   of
                   whom
                   were
                   the
                   most
                   glorious
                   
                     Scipio
                     ,
                     ●…inna
                  
                   ,
                   and
                   Sylla
                   Princes
                   of
                   Rome
                   ;
                   with
                   many
                   other
                   Heroes
                   ,
                   besides
                   the
                   holy
                   Popes
                   
                     Pio
                     ,
                     Cornelio
                  
                   ,
                   and
                   Silvestro
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   Emperours
                   
                     Balbino
                     ,
                     Valeriano
                     ,
                     Gallieno
                     ,
                     Tacito
                     ,
                  
                   and
                   
                     Florian
                     ,
                     Celso
                  
                   ,
                   two
                   Satarnini
                   and
                   Avito
                   ,
                   and
                   many
                   other
                   Saints
                   and
                   eminent
                   Persons
                   ,
                   in
                   Bolonia
                   ,
                   of
                   that
                   Family
                   were
                   also
                   the
                   Saints
                   ,
                   
                     Hermete
                     ,
                     Aggeo
                     ,
                     &
                     Caio
                  
                   Martyrs
                   ,
                   
                     il
                     B.
                     Sabatino
                     Apostolo
                     di
                     S.
                     Francesco
                     ,
                     Sabatino
                  
                   Bishop
                   of
                   
                     Genoua
                     ,
                     Elector
                  
                   of
                   
                     Carlo
                     Calvo
                  
                   Emperour
                   ,
                   with
                   many
                   other
                   grand
                   Persons
                   who
                   have
                   illustrated
                   and
                   governed
                   that
                   City
                   :
                   Also
                   their
                   house
                   being
                   setled
                   in
                   Padoua
                   by
                   
                     Cal●…rio
                     Sabbatino
                  
                   Count
                   and
                   Knight
                   of
                   Bolognia
                   ,
                   his
                   posterity
                   were
                   called
                   Sabarini
                   and
                   Sabarelli
                   ,
                   from
                   whence
                   arose
                   the
                   sirname
                   Zabarella
                   ,
                   of
                   which
                   Family
                   besides
                   the
                   Cardinals
                   abovenamed
                   ,
                   there
                   have
                   been
                   Bartol
                   .
                   Arch-Bishop
                   of
                   Spal
                   .
                   and
                   Florence
                   ,
                   who
                   dyed
                   a
                   designed
                   Cardinal
                   ;
                   Paolo
                   Bishop
                   Argolicence
                   ;
                   and
                   Arch-Bishop
                   
                     Parience
                     ,
                     Orlando
                  
                   and
                   Lorenzo
                   ,
                   who
                   dyed
                   with
                   the
                   name
                   of
                   Blessed
                   Bishops
                   ,
                   the
                   first
                   of
                   Adria
                   ,
                   the
                   second
                   of
                   Ascoli
                   ;
                   five
                   Arch-Priests
                   and
                   seaven
                   Canons
                   of
                   Padoua
                   ,
                   many
                   Doctors
                   ,
                   most
                   famous
                   Readers
                   of
                   the
                   University
                   in
                   all
                   Ages
                   ,
                   famous
                   Counts
                   and
                   Knights
                   ,
                   many
                   valorous
                   Captains
                   ,
                   as
                   ,
                   Andrea
                   General
                   of
                   the
                   Polentani
                   ,
                   and
                   Andrea
                   the
                   second
                   ,
                   General
                   of
                   the
                   Church
                   ,
                   Giacoma
                   the
                   first
                   made
                   Count
                   and
                   Knight
                   of
                   the
                   Dragon
                   by
                   Sigismond
                   the
                   Emperor
                   ,
                   was
                   by
                   the
                   Popes
                   John
                   the
                   22d
                   .
                   Martin
                   the
                   5th
                   .
                   and
                   Eugenius
                   the
                   4th
                   .
                   constituted
                   Governor
                   of
                   divers
                   Cities
                   ,
                   Senator
                   of
                   Rome
                   ,
                   and
                   called
                   by
                   a
                   Bull
                   ,
                   Apostolick
                   Baron
                   .
                
                 
                   Bartol
                   the
                   second
                   ,
                   Doctor
                   ,
                   Knight
                   ,
                   and
                   Praetor
                   of
                   divers
                   Cities
                   ,
                   Praefect
                   of
                   Florence
                   and
                   Roman
                   Senator
                   ,
                   who
                   as
                   also
                   Giacopo
                   the
                   second
                   Counsellor
                   and
                   Knight
                   of
                   the
                   Golden
                   Key
                   were
                   by
                   Massin
                   .
                   the
                   second
                   Emperour
                   created
                   Counts
                   ,
                   and
                   Knights
                   ,
                   to
                   them
                   and
                   to
                   the
                   eldest
                   Sons
                   of
                   their
                   posterity
                   for
                   ever
                   ;
                   which
                   was
                   afterwards
                   confirmed
                   to
                   Giulio
                   his
                   Son
                   by
                   Ferdinand
                   the
                   second
                   ,
                   Father
                   of
                   Giacopo
                   the
                   third
                   Zabarella
                   the
                   Philosopher
                   ;
                   of
                   such
                   grand
                   Fame
                   were
                   these
                   persons
                   ;
                   and
                   these
                   great
                   men
                   were
                   known
                   to
                   be
                   of
                   this
                   Family
                   besides
                   many
                   others
                   eminent
                   both
                   ln
                   Letters
                   and
                   Arms.
                   
                
                 
                   But
                   having
                   mentioned
                   two
                   Padouan
                   Cardinals
                   ,
                   it
                   seems
                   convenient
                   to
                   me
                   to
                   give
                   some
                   account
                   of
                   the
                   rest
                   ,
                   since
                   they
                   have
                   adorned
                   this
                   their
                   Country
                   with
                   such
                   a
                   dignity
                   .
                
                 
                   
                     Simone
                     Paltanico
                  
                   was
                   the
                   first
                   Padouan
                   Cardinal
                   ,
                   who
                   being
                   a
                   person
                   of
                   great
                   Knowledge
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   highest
                   virtue
                   ,
                   merited
                   from
                   Pope
                   Urban
                   the
                   4th
                   .
                   to
                   be
                   created
                   Cardinal
                   of
                   
                     S.
                     Steffano
                     &
                     Martino
                  
                   in
                   the
                   yeer
                   1261
                   and
                   afterwards
                   Apostolick
                   Legate
                   .
                   He
                   dyed
                   in
                   the
                   yeer
                   1276.
                   
                   His
                   Family
                   is
                   extinct
                   in
                   Padoua
                   ,
                   but
                   in
                   honour
                   at
                   Vicenza
                   under
                   the
                   Noble
                   sirname
                   of
                   Counts
                   of
                   Poiana
                   .
                
                 
                   
                     Pileo
                     de
                     Pratta
                  
                   was
                   the
                   second
                   Padouan
                   Cardinal
                   ,
                   as
                   is
                   aboves●…id
                   of
                   this
                   House
                   are
                   the
                   Counts
                   of
                   Portid
                   in
                   Friuli
                   .
                
                 
                   
                     Bonaventura
                     Bado●…ro
                  
                   of
                   the
                   Counts
                   of
                   Peraga
                   ,
                   was
                   a
                   man
                   of
                   great
                   Wisedom
                   and
                   goodness
                   ,
                   and
                   being
                   a
                   Hermitan
                   Monk
                   ,
                   he
                   read
                   Philosophy
                   and
                   Divinlty
                   in
                   his
                   Schools
                   ;
                   who
                   after
                   the
                   other
                   degrees
                   
                   ascended
                   to
                   the
                   Generalship
                   ,
                   and
                   thence
                   by
                   Pope
                   Urban
                   the
                   6th
                   .
                   in
                   the
                   yeer
                   1384.
                   was
                   created
                   Cardinal
                   of
                   
                     S.
                     Cicilia
                  
                   ,
                   and
                   deceased
                   five
                   yeers
                   after
                   .
                   Of
                   this
                   House
                   are
                   the
                   Badoeri
                   ,
                   Noble
                   men
                   of
                   Venice
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   Padoeri
                   of
                   Padoua
                   .
                
                 
                   
                     Bartolomeo
                     Oliar
                     io
                  
                   the
                   Minikin
                   ,
                   a
                   famous
                   Philosopher
                   and
                   Divine
                   ,
                   was
                   by
                   the
                   Florentines
                   elected
                   for
                   their
                   Pastor
                   .
                   after
                   which
                   by
                   Pope
                   Boniface
                   the
                   ninth
                   he
                   was
                   called
                   to
                   the
                   Cardinalship
                   of
                   
                     S.
                     Prudentiana
                  
                   in
                   the
                   yeer
                   1389.
                   and
                   deceased
                   7
                   yeers
                   after
                   .
                
                 
                   
                     Francesco
                     Zabarella
                  
                   ,
                   was
                   the
                   5th
                   .
                   Padouan
                   Cardinal
                   and
                   Arch-Bishop
                   of
                   Florence
                   ,
                   as
                   before
                   is
                   related
                   .
                
                 
                   
                     Lodavico
                     Mezarota
                  
                   being
                   a
                   Philosopher
                   and
                   a
                   Physician
                   ,
                   deserted
                   that
                   his
                   profession
                   ,
                   and
                   put
                   himself
                   under
                   the
                   command
                   of
                   
                     Giovanni
                     Vitelli
                  
                   General
                   for
                   the
                   holy
                   Church
                   ;
                   and
                   behaving
                   himself
                   well
                   therein
                   ascended
                   from
                   one
                   degree
                   unto
                   another
                   ,
                   till
                   in
                   the
                   end
                   (
                   after
                   Vitelli
                   his
                   death
                   )
                   he
                   was
                   constituted
                   his
                   successor
                   ,
                   and
                   Patriark
                   of
                   Aquileia
                   :
                   wherein
                   he
                   made
                   such
                   progress
                   as
                   is
                   not
                   to
                   be
                   imagined
                   ;
                   let
                   it
                   suffice
                   that
                   he
                   restored
                   the
                   Church
                   to
                   its
                   Liberty
                   ,
                   and
                   delivered
                   the
                   Florentines
                   and
                   Italy
                   ,
                   for
                   which
                   his
                   Noble
                   deeds
                   he
                   was
                   by
                   Pope
                   Eugenius
                   the
                   4th
                   made
                   Cardinal
                   of
                   
                     S.
                     Lorenzo
                  
                   ,
                   then
                   Bishop
                   of
                   Albany
                   ,
                   and
                   Chancellor
                   of
                   the
                   holy
                   Church
                   ,
                   he
                   dyed
                   in
                   the
                   yeer
                   1465
                   :
                   at
                   this
                   day
                   is
                   his
                   Family
                   extinct
                   .
                
                 
                   And
                   besides
                   these
                   there
                   were
                   others
                   of
                   this
                   City
                   intended
                   for
                   Cardinals
                   ,
                   who
                   being
                   overtaken
                   by
                   death
                   could
                   not
                   possess
                   that
                   dignity
                   ,
                   as
                   
                     Gabriel
                     Capodelista
                     ,
                     Aquensian
                  
                   Arch-Bishop
                   was
                   defigned
                   Cardinal
                   by
                   Pope
                   Clement
                   the
                   5th
                   ,
                   in
                   1304.
                   
                   
                     Bartol
                     .
                     Zabarella
                  
                   Arch-Bishop
                   of
                   Florence
                   ,
                   having
                   been
                   Apostolick
                   Legate
                   in
                   
                     Germany
                     ,
                     France
                  
                   ,
                   and
                   Spain
                   ,
                   for
                   weighty
                   affairs
                   ,
                   with
                   the
                   happy
                   success
                   of
                   his
                   Labours
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   great
                   satisfaction
                   of
                   Pope
                   Eugenius
                   the
                   4th
                   .
                   was
                   by
                   him
                   designed
                   Cardinal
                   ,
                   but
                   upon
                   his
                   return
                   ,
                   an
                   indisposition
                   seised
                   him
                   and
                   deprived
                   him
                   of
                   Life
                   in
                   Sutry
                   ,
                   being
                   but
                   forty
                   seaven
                   yeers
                   old
                   ,
                   in
                   
                     Anno
                     nostrae
                     salutis
                  
                   1445.
                   
                   
                     Francesco
                     Lignamineo
                  
                   Bishop
                   of
                   Ferrara
                   and
                   Apostolick
                   Legate
                   was
                   by
                   Pope
                   Engenius
                   the
                   9th
                   .
                   designed
                   Cardinal
                   ,
                   but
                   he
                   was
                   prevented
                   by
                   his
                   death
                   in
                   the
                   yeer
                   1412.
                   
                   
                     Antonio
                     Giannotti
                  
                   a
                   famous
                   Lawyer
                   ,
                   Bishop
                   of
                   Forli
                   ,
                   and
                   Arch-Bishop
                   of
                   Urbin
                   ,
                   was
                   Vice
                   Legate
                   in
                   France
                   and
                   Bologna
                   ,
                   where
                   he
                   dyed
                   at
                   his
                   65th
                   .
                   yeer
                   ,
                   being
                   then
                   by
                   Pope
                   Clement
                   the
                   8th
                   .
                   designed
                   Cardinal
                   Anno
                   1591.
                   
                
                 
                   In
                   the
                   Palace
                   of
                   the
                   Bishop
                   these
                   things
                   are
                   worth
                   a
                   sight
                   ,
                   The
                   most
                   ample
                   diocess
                   of
                   Padoua
                   ,
                   drawn
                   in
                   a
                   large
                   square
                   by
                   
                     Marco
                     Cornaro
                  
                   Bishop
                   of
                   Padoua
                   a
                   Prelate
                   worthy
                   of
                   eternal
                   memory
                   ,
                   and
                   a
                   great
                   Hall
                   where
                   to
                   the
                   life
                   (
                   as
                   is
                   believed
                   )
                   are
                   drawn
                   the
                   Pictures
                   of
                   112
                   B●…shops
                   of
                   this
                   most
                   antient
                   and
                   Noble
                   City
                   .
                   The
                   Church
                   of
                   Saint
                   Antonio
                   of
                   Lisbone
                   merits
                   the
                   second
                   Place
                   amongst
                   Padoua's
                   fair
                   Churches
                   ,
                   as
                   well
                   for
                   the
                   design
                   and
                   artifice
                   ,
                   as
                   for
                   the
                   pretiousness
                   of
                   the
                   Marbles
                   and
                   other
                   Ornaments
                   .
                   The
                   Roof
                   of
                   this
                   Temple
                   is
                   distinguished
                   into
                   six
                   marvellous
                   Chapels
                   covered
                   with
                   Lead
                   .
                   First
                   must
                   be
                   seen
                   the
                   Royal
                   Chapel
                   of
                   this
                   Saint
                   ,
                   adorned
                   with
                   the
                   finest
                   Marbles
                   ,
                   and
                   12
                   Noble
                   Collumns
                   ,
                   in
                   the
                   nine
                   spaces
                   of
                   which
                   Columns
                   between
                   the
                   one
                   and
                   tother
                   ,
                   are
                   engraven
                   his
                   Miracles
                   by
                   the
                   most
                   rare
                   Sculptors
                   of
                   that
                   Age
                   ,
                   so
                   well
                   that
                   it
                   renders
                   the
                   spectators
                   stupified
                   .
                   In
                   the
                   midst
                   of
                   which
                   Chapel
                   ari●…es
                   the
                   Altar
                   of
                   this
                   Saint
                   ,
                   and
                   within
                   it
                   lies
                   entered
                   his
                   body
                   .
                   Upon
                   
                   this
                   altar
                   stand
                   seaven
                   Figures
                   of
                   Brass
                   of
                   a
                   just
                   proportion
                   ,
                   wrought
                   by
                   
                     Tytian
                     Aspetti
                  
                   ,
                   the
                   excellent
                   sculptor
                   of
                   Padoua
                   ,
                   Its
                   Roof
                   is
                   adorned
                   with
                   the
                   fairest
                   Frets
                   and
                   figures
                   made
                   of
                   pargetting
                   stuff
                   guilt
                   richly
                   ,
                   and
                   its
                   Pavement
                   exactly
                   composed
                   with
                   Marble
                   and
                   Porphyry
                   ●…heckerwise
                   .
                   This
                   Saint
                   having
                   lived
                   36
                   yeers
                   dyed
                   the
                   13th
                   of
                   June
                   1231
                   ,
                   and
                   was
                   canonized
                   by
                   
                     Gregory
                     the
                  
                   9th
                   .
                   in
                   the
                   City
                   of
                   Spoleto
                   ,
                   in
                   the
                   yeer
                   1237.
                   
                   On
                   which
                   day
                   in
                   Padoua
                   they
                   go
                   in
                   procession
                   carrying
                   his
                   Tongue
                   in
                   a
                   little
                   woodenBoul
                   with
                   great
                   solemnity
                   and
                   superstition
                   ;
                   which
                   is
                   accompanyed
                   with
                   all
                   the
                   Fryers
                   of
                   Saint
                   Francis
                   ,
                   that
                   is
                   to
                   say
                   ,
                   by
                   the
                   Conventuals
                   Capucines
                   ,
                   and
                   those
                   that
                   go
                   uppon
                   woodden
                   Pattens
                   called
                   Zoccolani
                   ,
                   and
                   with
                   all
                   the
                   Doctors
                   of
                   the
                   Colleges
                   ,
                   as
                   well
                   of
                   the
                   Laws
                   ,
                   and
                   Physick
                   ,
                   as
                   those
                   of
                   Divinity
                   and
                   Philosophy
                   ;
                   wherewith
                   they
                   also
                   carry
                   all
                   the
                   Vessels
                   of
                   Silver
                   and
                   other
                   pretious
                   things
                   bestowed
                   upon
                   this
                   their
                   Saint
                   ,
                   as
                   also
                   an
                   infinite
                   number
                   of
                   their
                   holy
                   Reliques
                   preserved
                   in
                   curious
                   Vessels
                   :
                   Among
                   which
                   are
                   the
                   Figures
                   of
                   ten
                   Saints
                   of
                   pure
                   Silver
                   ,
                   16
                   rich
                   Chalices
                   ,
                   50
                   Vessels
                   ,
                   3
                   whereof
                   are
                   to
                   contayn
                   their
                   Eucharist
                   ,
                   many
                   Silver
                   Candlesticks
                   ,
                   Lampades
                   ,
                   Censores
                   ,
                   and
                   50
                   Sylver
                   Votaries
                   or
                   pieces
                   dedicated
                   by
                   the
                   vowes
                   of
                   several
                   persons
                   ,
                   which
                   are
                   as
                   big
                   as
                   a
                   small
                   Child
                   .
                   Likewise
                   a
                   Shipp
                   furnished
                   with
                   Masts
                   ,
                   Sayls
                   and
                   Shrouds
                   ,
                   together
                   with
                   a
                   model
                   of
                   the
                   City
                   of
                   Padoua
                   both
                   being
                   neatly
                   cast
                   in
                   Silver
                   .
                   In
                   a
                   fayr
                   Reliquiary
                   they
                   preserve
                   the
                   Tongue
                   of
                   the
                   glorious
                   Saint
                   Anthonio
                   and
                   in
                   another
                   his
                   under
                   Chap.
                   In
                   others
                   all
                   of
                   Silver
                   guilt
                   framed
                   with
                   most
                   exact
                   workemanshipp
                   ,
                   they
                   keep
                   a
                   cloth
                   dipped
                   in
                   the
                   pretious
                   blood
                   (
                   as
                   they
                   say
                   )
                   of
                   our
                   Saviour
                   Jesus
                   ▪
                   Christ
                   ;
                   three
                   thornes
                   of
                   his
                   Crown
                   ;
                   some
                   of
                   the
                   wood
                   of
                   his
                   Cross
                   ;
                   of
                   the
                   hairs
                   and
                   milk
                   of
                   the
                   blessed
                   Virgin
                   ;
                   some
                   of
                   the
                   Blood
                   issuing
                   out
                   of
                   the
                   five
                   wounds
                   given
                   Saint
                   Francesoo
                   ;
                   and
                   many
                   of
                   the
                   Bones
                   and
                   other
                   rare
                   reliques
                   of
                   infinite
                   of
                   their
                   Saints
                   ,
                   as
                   may
                   be
                   seen
                   in
                   the
                   Treatise
                   published
                   by
                   Count
                   
                     Giacomo
                     Zabarella
                  
                   Praesident
                   and
                   Treasurer
                   of
                   the
                   Venerable
                   Tombe
                   of
                   the
                   glorious
                   Saint
                   Antonio
                   :
                   Who
                   (
                   befides
                   the
                   revenue
                   of
                   the
                   Convent
                   wherewith
                   the
                   Fathers
                   are
                   maintein
                   ed
                   )
                   possesseth
                   a
                   great
                   Revenue
                   ,
                   together
                   with
                   much
                   Silver
                   and
                   other
                   pretious
                   househouldstuff
                   ,
                   all
                   bestowed
                   upon
                   that
                   Saint
                   by
                   Princes
                   ,
                   and
                   private
                   Persons
                   ,
                   which
                   Wealth
                   is
                   governed
                   by
                   seaven
                   Presidents
                   ,
                   vulgarly
                   called
                   the
                   
                     Signori
                     all'
                     Archa
                     di
                     San
                     Antonio
                  
                   ;
                   three
                   Ecclesiasticks
                   and
                   4
                   Seculars
                   ,
                   with
                   a
                   Casheer
                   ,
                   who
                   receives
                   the
                   Revenues
                   ,
                   and
                   pays
                   the
                   Musicians
                   and
                   other
                   disbursements
                   ,
                   which
                   Officers
                   are
                   elected
                   every
                   yeer
                   ,
                   and
                   every
                   Six
                   Moneths
                   two
                   of
                   them
                   change
                   .
                   In
                   the
                   Convent
                   is
                   a
                   fayr
                   publick
                   Library
                   ,
                   much
                   amplified
                   by
                   the
                   reverend
                   Father
                   
                     Francesco
                     Zanotti
                  
                   ,
                   an
                   eminent
                   Person
                   of
                   Padoua
                   ,
                   who
                   alwaies
                   governed
                   his
                   Convent
                   with
                   great
                   prudence
                   as
                   Guardian
                   ,
                   and
                   his
                   Religious
                   Order
                   whereof
                   he
                   was
                   Provincial
                   :
                   whereto
                   the
                   most
                   reverend
                   Father
                   
                     Michael
                     Angelo
                     Maniere
                     Guardian
                  
                   and
                   Provincial
                   also
                   hath
                   added
                   his
                   Industry
                   with
                   great
                   success
                   and
                   evidence
                   of
                   his
                   Prudence
                   ,
                   Virtue
                   and
                   Goodness
                   ;
                   both
                   whose
                   good
                   Actions
                   have
                   given
                   ●…
                   great
                   Splendour
                   to
                   the
                   Fame
                   of
                   this
                   most
                   Noble
                   Convent
                   .
                   Near
                   to
                   this
                   said
                   Library
                   is
                   another
                   Room
                   wherein
                   are
                   kept
                   the
                   rare
                   collections
                   of
                   Count
                   
                     Giacomo
                     Zabarella
                  
                   ,
                   given
                   to
                   the
                   said
                   Saint
                   ;
                   which
                   consists
                   of
                   many
                   excellent
                   Books
                   and
                   Manuscripts
                   ,
                   and
                   all
                   the
                   Histories
                   (
                   in
                   being
                   )
                   of
                   
                     Padoua
                     ,
                     Venice
                  
                   and
                   other
                   Cities
                   
                   which
                   no
                   where
                   else
                   are
                   to
                   be
                   found
                   ,
                   also
                   of
                   Medals
                   ,
                   Marbles
                   ,
                   brass
                   Pieces
                   and
                   other
                   notable
                   Antiquities
                   ,
                   with
                   the
                   Golden
                   Key
                   ,
                   and
                   all
                   his
                   workes
                   ,
                   all
                   which
                   being
                   before
                   fully
                   related
                   ,
                   are
                   here
                   abbreviated
                   to
                   avoid
                   Prolixity
                   .
                
                 
                   Opposite
                   to
                   the
                   Altar
                   of
                   Saint
                   Antonio
                   is
                   the
                   Chapel
                   of
                   Saint
                   Felix
                   the
                   Pope
                   of
                   like
                   grandezza
                   :
                   where
                   also
                   repose
                   his
                   Bones
                   ;
                   ●…ound
                   about
                   which
                   are
                   hung
                   Pictures
                   excellently
                   wrought
                   by
                   Giotto
                   ,
                   wherof
                   
                     Daute
                     ,
                     Boccacio
                  
                   and
                   other
                   writers
                   take
                   particular
                   notice
                   :
                   In
                   it
                   are
                   the
                   Tombes
                   of
                   the
                   
                     Signori
                     Rossi
                  
                   and
                   Lupi
                   Marqueses
                   of
                   Soragna
                   ;
                   and
                   next
                   the
                   Chapel
                   of
                   Saint
                   Antonio
                   ,
                   with
                   which
                   it
                   ▪
                   maintains
                   like
                   Grandure
                   and
                   Fame
                   ,
                   it
                   is
                   the
                   most
                   eminent
                   of
                   all
                   ;
                   the
                   greater
                   Altar
                   whereof
                   is
                   richly
                   carved
                   in
                   Marble
                   ,
                   and
                   hath
                   on
                   the
                   right
                   side
                   a
                   Candlestick
                   of
                   a
                   very
                   great
                   heighth
                   ,
                   and
                   wrought
                   with
                   many
                   Figures
                   ,
                   &
                   over
                   against
                   it
                   an
                   artificial
                   Chorus
                   adorned
                   with
                   lovely
                   Figures
                   carved
                   in
                   wood
                   :
                   In
                   this
                   Church
                   likewise
                   are
                   the
                   Sepulchers
                   of
                   Fulgosio
                   of
                   Marin
                   ,
                   and
                   
                     Ascanio
                     Zabarella
                  
                   ,
                   the
                   first
                   famous
                   in
                   Letters
                   ,
                   the
                   second
                   in
                   Arms
                   ;
                   which
                   are
                   erected
                   in
                   the
                   Chapel
                   of
                   Saint
                   Catherine
                   appertaining
                   to
                   their
                   Family
                   ;
                   in
                   another
                   Tombe
                   lies
                   buried
                   
                     Andrea
                     Zabarella
                  
                   with
                   
                     Montisia
                     Polenta
                  
                   his
                   Wife
                   ,
                   Daughter
                   of
                   Bernardino
                   Signor
                   of
                   Ravenna
                   ,
                   with
                   many
                   other
                   eminent
                   persons
                   ,
                   which
                   would
                   take
                   up
                   too
                   much
                   room
                   and
                   time
                   to
                   specifie
                   .
                   Before
                   the
                   said
                   Church
                   stands
                   a
                   noble
                   Statue
                   of
                   Brass
                   cast
                   by
                   
                     Donato
                     Fiorentino
                  
                   ,
                   and
                   presented
                   to
                   the
                   State
                   of
                   Venice
                   ,
                   in
                   memory
                   of
                   the
                   Valour
                   of
                   
                     Gattamelata
                     da
                     Narni
                  
                   ,
                   who
                   was
                   Captain
                   General
                   of
                   their
                   Armies
                   :
                   whose
                   effigies
                   is
                   there
                   erected
                   on
                   Horseback
                   ,
                   and
                   whose
                   body
                   with
                   that
                   of
                   his
                   Sons
                   ly
                   buried
                   in
                   the
                   Chapel
                   of
                   Saint
                   Francis
                   with
                   two
                   fayr
                   Epitaphs
                   inscribed
                   over
                   them
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   third
                   ecclesiastick
                   excellency
                   of
                   Padoua
                   ,
                   is
                   the
                   sumptuous
                   and
                   ample
                   Church
                   of
                   Saint
                   Justina
                   ,
                   where
                   are
                   kept
                   with
                   great
                   devotion
                   the
                   bodies
                   of
                   Saint
                   Luke
                   the
                   Evangelist
                   ;
                   Saint
                   Matthias
                   the
                   Apostle
                   ,
                   of
                   the
                   Innocents
                   ,
                   of
                   Saint
                   Prosdocimo
                   first
                   Bishop
                   of
                   this
                   City
                   and
                   Province
                   ,
                   of
                   
                     Santa
                     Giustina
                  
                   the
                   Virgin
                   Martyr
                   ,
                   of
                   Giulian
                   of
                   Massimo
                   second
                   Bishop
                   of
                   Padoua
                   ,
                   of
                   Urio
                   the
                   Consessor
                   ,
                   of
                   Felicita
                   the
                   Virgin
                   ,
                   Arnaldo
                   the
                   Abbot
                   ;
                   together
                   with
                   an
                   infininte
                   number
                   of
                   Reliques
                   ,
                   which
                   they
                   preserved
                   ina
                   most
                   Antient
                   Cemetery
                   called
                   in
                   those
                   days
                   the
                   Pit
                   of
                   Martyrs
                   :
                   there
                   also
                   stands
                   a
                   speckled
                   stone
                   ,
                   upon
                   which
                   certain
                   Martyrs
                   were
                   beheaded
                   ,
                   another
                   stone
                   whereon
                   
                     San
                     Prosdocimo
                  
                   celebrated
                   divine
                   service
                   :
                   Herein
                   likewise
                   they
                   conserve
                   the
                   Tablet
                   of
                   the
                   blessed
                   Virgin
                   paynted
                   by
                   Saint
                   Luke
                   ,
                   and
                   with
                   great
                   devotion
                   brought
                   from
                   Constantinople
                   by
                   the
                   blessed
                   Urio
                   .
                   It
                   s
                   Chorus
                   which
                   compasseth
                   the
                   high
                   Altar
                   round
                   ,
                   is
                   made
                   all
                   of
                   Walnut
                   Tree
                   ,
                   and
                   upon
                   it
                   engraven
                   by
                   
                     Richardo
                     Francesco
                  
                   the
                   History
                   of
                   the
                   Old
                   and
                   New
                   Testament
                   .
                   It
                   hath
                   much
                   Silver
                   Utensils
                   and
                   pretious
                   vests
                   ;
                   to
                   say
                   no
                   more
                   ,
                   this
                   Chapel
                   for
                   its
                   structure
                   and
                   beauty
                   ,
                   is
                   an
                   incomparable
                   piece
                   ;
                   And
                   not
                   a
                   little
                   illustrated
                   by
                   that
                   proud
                   aod
                   wealthy
                   Monastery
                   of
                   Saint
                   Justine
                   now
                   contiguous
                   with
                   it
                   ,
                   which
                   for
                   its
                   sumptuousness
                   ,
                   Grandure
                   ,
                   and
                   Riches
                   ,
                   may
                   be
                   reckoned
                   one
                   of
                   the
                   Fairest
                   of
                   Italy
                   .
                   On
                   the
                   Walls
                   of
                   the
                   Cloysters
                   amongst
                   the
                   Legend
                   stories
                   designed
                   ,
                   they
                   have
                   inserted
                   hundreds
                   of
                   old
                   inscriptions
                   ,
                   with
                   the
                   draughts
                   of
                   old
                   stones
                   and
                   pieces
                   of
                   Urns
                   dug
                   up
                   when
                   the
                   foundation
                   of
                   the
                   Convent
                   was
                   first
                   Layed
                   .
                   It
                   hath
                   for
                   revenue
                   100000.
                   
                   Crowns
                   yeerly
                   .
                   It
                   
                   keeps
                   an
                   Abbot
                   with
                   many
                   Fryers
                   of
                   Saint
                   Benedict
                   ;
                   And
                   here
                   began
                   the
                   Reformation
                   of
                   that
                   Order
                   ,
                   about
                   two
                   hundred
                   yeers
                   since
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   fourth
                   signal
                   ,
                   is
                   the
                   Church
                   of
                   Saint
                   Augufiino
                   ,
                   of
                   the
                   Fathers
                   Dominicans
                   :
                   which
                   was
                   first
                   a
                   Temple
                   of
                   Juno
                   ,
                   wherein
                   the
                   Antient
                   Padouans
                   dedicated
                   the
                   spoils
                   of
                   Cleonimus
                   the
                   Spartan
                   ,
                   as
                   saith
                   
                     T.
                     Livie
                  
                   .
                   Thence
                   it
                   became
                   the
                   Particular
                   Chapel
                   of
                   the
                   Carraresi
                   ,
                   who
                   there
                   fixed
                   the
                   Sepulchers
                   for
                   their
                   Family
                   .
                   Where
                   also
                   are
                   the
                   Monuments
                   of
                   Marieta
                   ,
                   Mother
                   of
                   
                     James
                     King
                  
                   of
                   Ciprus
                   ,
                   and
                   
                     F.
                     Carlota
                  
                   his
                   Daughter
                   ,
                   with
                   many
                   Memorials
                   of
                   other
                   Grand
                   Persons
                   ,
                   as
                   well
                   of
                   this
                   City
                   as
                   Strangers
                   ;
                   and
                   in
                   particular
                   of
                   
                     Pietro
                     da
                     Abano
                  
                   ,
                   near
                   the
                   great
                   Door
                   .
                   It
                   hath
                   a
                   Stately
                   Convent
                   with
                   a
                   fayr
                   Library
                   ,
                   where
                   are
                   the
                   Pictures
                   of
                   the
                   chief
                   Fathers
                   of
                   that
                   Order
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   fifth
                   Marvel
                   is
                   the
                   Church
                   of
                   the
                   Carmelites
                   ,
                   famous
                   for
                   its
                   vast
                   height
                   ,
                   and
                   grandure
                   ,
                   with
                   one
                   only
                   Arch
                   ,
                   and
                   a
                   most
                   high
                   Cupulo
                   ;
                   Its
                   Chapels
                   are
                   all
                   of
                   one
                   resemblance
                   ,
                   and
                   in
                   great
                   perfection
                   :
                   Herein
                   they
                   keep
                   an
                   Image
                   of
                   the
                   blessed
                   Virgin
                   ,
                   who
                   ,
                   as
                   they
                   say
                   ,
                   showrs
                   down
                   her
                   continued
                   favours
                   upon
                   those
                   that
                   devoutly
                   by
                   her
                   intercession
                   pray
                   for
                   them
                   to
                   God
                   Almighty
                   .
                   In
                   this
                   Church
                   are
                   certain
                   Monuments
                   of
                   the
                   Naldi
                   ,
                   Famous
                   Captains
                   ,
                   and
                   many
                   other
                   Noble
                   Families
                   of
                   Padoua
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   Sixth
                   Ecclesiastick
                   wonder
                   ,
                   is
                   the
                   Church
                   of
                   Eremitani
                   ,
                   wherein
                   lies
                   buried
                   
                     Marco
                     Mantoua
                  
                   ,
                   the
                   famous
                   Doctor
                   of
                   Lawes
                   .
                   Here
                   are
                   the
                   Chapels
                   of
                   the
                   Cortellieri
                   ,
                   painted
                   by
                   Giusto
                   an
                   antient
                   Lymner
                   ,
                   and
                   of
                   the
                   Zabarella
                   ,
                   by
                   the
                   hand
                   of
                   Montegna
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   seventh
                   is
                   the
                   Church
                   of
                   Saint
                   Francesco
                   ,
                   wherein
                   are
                   the
                   Tombes
                   of
                   
                     Bartolomeo
                     Cavalcante
                     ,
                     Jeronimo
                     Cagnolo
                  
                   an
                   excellent
                   Doctor
                   ,
                   and
                   of
                   Longolio
                   whereon
                   Bembo
                   composed
                   the
                   ensuing
                   Verses
                   .
                   
                     
                       Te
                       Juvenem
                       rapuere
                       Deae
                       fatalia
                       nentes
                    
                     
                       Stamina
                       ,
                       cum
                       scirent
                       moriturum
                       tempore
                       nullo
                    
                     
                       Longolio
                       ,
                       tibi
                       si
                       canos
                       ,
                       seniumque
                       dedissent
                       .
                    
                  
                
                 
                   In
                   the
                   Church
                   de'Servi
                   ,
                   is
                   enterred
                   
                     Paolo
                     de
                     Castro
                  
                   ;
                   and
                   near
                   the
                   Church
                   of
                   
                     San
                     Lorenzo
                  
                   stands
                   a
                   pure
                   Marble
                   Chest
                   ,
                   erected
                   upon
                   four
                   Columns
                   which
                   is
                   concluded
                   to
                   be
                   the
                   Noble
                   Heroe
                   Antenors
                   Tombe
                   ,
                   from
                   this
                   Epitaph
                   engraven
                   upon
                   it
                   in
                   old
                   Characters
                   .
                   
                     
                       Inclitus
                       Antenor
                       patriam
                       vox
                       nisa
                       quietem
                    
                     
                       Transtulit
                       huc
                       Henetum
                       ,
                       Dardanidumqne
                       fugas
                       ,
                    
                     
                       Expulit
                       Euganeos
                       ,
                       Patavinam
                       condidit
                       Urbem
                       .
                    
                     
                       Qu
                       em
                       tenet
                       hic
                       humili
                       mar
                       more
                       caesa
                       domus
                       .
                    
                  
                
                 
                   In
                   the
                   Church
                   of
                   the
                   Capucines
                   ,
                   lyes
                   buried
                   Cardinal
                   Commendone
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   Chief
                   Families
                   of
                   Padoua
                   ,
                   and
                   Cavaliers
                   are
                   Alvorati
                   ,
                   Marquess
                   of
                   Falcino
                   ,
                   a
                   City
                   of
                   the
                   County
                   of
                   
                     Bolzonella
                     ;
                     Lazara
                  
                   Count
                   of
                   
                     Paludo
                     ;
                     Leoni
                  
                   Count
                   of
                   
                     Sanguineto
                     ;
                     Obizzi
                  
                   Marquess
                   of
                   
                     Orgiano
                     ;
                     Zabarella
                  
                   Count
                   of
                   
                     Credazza
                     ;
                     Buzzacarini
                     Capidilista
                     ,
                     Conti
                     ,
                     Datti
                     ,
                     Papafava
                     ,
                     S.
                     Bonifacii
                     ,
                  
                   and
                   besides
                   those
                   aforenamed
                   ,
                   these
                   following
                   ,
                   
                     viz.
                     Ascanio
                     Pediano
                  
                   the
                   Oratour
                   ;
                   
                     Aruntio
                     Stella
                     ;
                     Uallerto
                     Flacco
                     ;
                     Uolusio
                     Poeta
                     ;
                     Jacomo
                     Zabarella
                  
                   a
                   most
                   worthy
                   Philosopher
                   ;
                   with
                   many
                   others
                   both
                   valiant
                   and
                   Learned
                   who
                   have
                   much
                   added
                   to
                   the
                   renown
                   of
                   this
                   City
                   .
                
                 
                   Between
                   the
                   Church
                   del
                   Santo
                   and
                   that
                   of
                   
                     San
                     Giustina
                  
                   ,
                   lies
                   the
                   Physick
                   Garden
                   filled
                   with
                   simples
                   ,
                   and
                   planted
                   iu
                   the
                   yeer
                   1546.
                   at
                   the
                   cost
                   of
                   the
                   Students
                   in
                   Physick
                   and
                   Philosophy
                   ,
                   to
                   the
                   end
                   
                   they
                   might
                   the
                   more
                   commodiously
                   search
                   into
                   the
                   nature
                   &
                   vertue
                   of
                   every
                   Medicinal
                   Herb
                   :
                   The
                   chief
                   care
                   and
                   custody
                   of
                   this
                   Garden
                   ,
                   is
                   alwayes
                   committed
                   to
                   some
                   excellent
                   Doctor
                   in
                   Physick
                   ,
                   who
                   Reads
                   to
                   the
                   Students
                   ,
                   the
                   names
                   and
                   nature
                   of
                   every
                   Simple
                   ;
                   in
                   the
                   latter
                   times
                   
                     Melchior
                     Guillandino
                     ,
                     Giacomo
                     Antonio
                     Cortuso
                     ,
                  
                   and
                   
                     Prospero
                     Alpino
                  
                   ,
                   three
                   excelling
                   Persons
                   underwent
                   this
                   charge
                   ,
                   but
                   at
                   present
                   t
                   is
                   in
                   the
                   hands
                   of
                   the
                   learned
                   
                     Giovanni
                     Vestlinghi●…
                  
                   ,
                   or
                   Westlingius
                   ,
                   a
                   Knight
                   and
                   Anatomy
                   ▪
                   Reader
                   in
                   the
                   University
                   .
                   A
                   man
                   allowed
                   so
                   great
                   an
                   esteem
                   for
                   his
                   excellent
                   knowlege
                   ,
                   
                   that
                   he
                   was
                   become
                   the
                   Admiration
                   of
                   this
                   Age
                   ,
                   when
                   I
                   was
                   in
                   honour
                   of
                   Italy
                   ,
                   In
                   whom
                   a
                   worthy
                   and
                   Noble
                   Person
                   of
                   our
                   Nation
                   ,
                   being
                   casually
                   at
                   Padoua
                   ,
                   at
                   the
                   proceeding
                   of
                   certain
                   English
                   ,
                   to
                   the
                   Degrees
                   of
                   Doctors
                   ,
                   and
                   having
                   been
                   an
                   Auditor
                   at
                   some
                   of
                   his
                   Lectures
                   ,
                   composed
                   these
                   ensuing
                   Verses
                   upon
                   the
                   Anatomy
                   .
                   
                     
                       Learned
                       Westlingius
                       ,
                       had
                       we
                       but
                       the
                       Art
                       ,
                    
                     
                       To
                       tell
                       the
                       Treasures
                       of
                       the
                       nobler
                       part
                       ;
                    
                     
                       And
                       could
                       the
                       Soul's
                       high
                       powers
                       describe
                       as
                       well
                       ,
                    
                     
                       As
                       you
                       ,
                       the
                       Palace
                       where
                       that
                       Queen
                       does
                       dwell
                       ;
                    
                     
                       In
                       her
                       Anatomy
                       my
                       Muse
                       might
                       finde
                       ,
                    
                     
                       Praises
                       proportion'd
                       to
                       your
                       knowing
                       minde
                       ;
                    
                     
                       To
                       whose
                       great
                       art
                       and
                       industry
                       we
                       owe
                    
                     
                       That
                       all
                       the
                       wonders
                       of
                       our
                       Frame
                       we
                       know
                       :
                    
                     
                       For
                       not
                       the
                       inventory
                       ,
                       we
                       alone
                    
                     
                       Of
                       every
                       Nerve
                       ,
                       Vein
                       ,
                       Artery
                       ,
                       and
                       Bone
                       ,
                    
                     
                       Receive
                       from
                       thence
                       ,
                       ●…t
                       are
                       instructed
                       too
                    
                     
                       What
                       the
                       wise
                       Maker
                       has
                       design'd
                       them
                       to
                       :
                    
                     
                       The
                       great
                       importance
                       of
                       the
                       s●…ndrest
                       string
                       ,
                    
                     
                       And
                       use
                       of
                       every
                       (
                       seeming
                       useless
                       )
                       thing
                       :
                    
                     
                       As
                       if
                       our
                       first
                       Creator
                       you
                       had
                       seen
                       ,
                    
                     
                       Or
                       had
                       of
                       Counsel
                       with
                       Prometheus
                       been
                       ,
                    
                     
                       That
                       all
                       the
                       Plagues
                       which
                       his
                       rash
                       Brother
                       threw
                    
                     
                       On
                       wretched
                       Man
                       ,
                       might
                       have
                       their
                       Cure
                       from
                       you
                       .
                    
                  
                
                 
                   Ten
                   miles
                   out
                   of
                   Padoua
                   ,
                   towards
                   the
                   Port
                   of
                   Malomocco
                   ,
                   stands
                   the
                   Castle
                   
                     Pieve
                     de
                     Sacco
                  
                   ,
                   from
                   which
                   the
                   Bishop
                   of
                   Padoua
                   
                   takes
                   his
                   Title
                   of
                   Count
                   ,
                   a
                   little
                   beyond
                   that
                   ,
                   stands
                   Polverara
                   where
                   are
                   bred
                   the
                   largest
                   foul
                   ,
                   as
                   Cocks
                   and
                   Hens
                   ,
                   of
                   all
                   Italy
                   .
                   Near
                   which
                   begins
                   the
                   Sholes
                   or
                   Gulph
                   of
                   Venice
                   ,
                   between
                   which
                   appears
                   the
                   most
                   antient
                   now
                   deserted
                   Cit●…y
                   of
                   Adria
                   which
                   formerly
                   gave
                   the
                   
                   name
                   of
                   
                     Mare
                     Adriaticum
                  
                   ,
                   to
                   the
                   Sea
                   now
                   called
                   the
                   Golph
                   of
                   Venice
                   .
                
                 
                   Towards
                   the
                   North
                   stands
                   the
                   Castle
                   
                     di
                     Campo
                     San
                     Piero
                  
                   ,
                   whence
                   that
                   Noble
                   Family
                   took
                   its
                   name
                   and
                   Original
                   .
                   Between
                   Padoua
                   and
                   Bassano
                   is
                   built
                   a
                   Cit●…adel
                   .
                
                 
                   Towards
                   the
                   West
                   is
                   the
                   City
                   
                     Vicenza
                     ▪
                  
                   with
                   the
                   famous
                   Mountains
                   
                   Euganei
                   ,
                   so
                   called
                   in
                   the
                   Greek
                   tongue
                   ,
                   for
                   their
                   excessive
                   deliciousness
                   ;
                   whence
                   the
                   Padouans
                   extract
                   great
                   quantities
                   of
                   Medicinal
                   herbs
                   .
                   Which
                   Hils
                   are
                   neither
                   part
                   of
                   the
                   Alps
                   ,
                   nor
                   part
                   of
                   the
                   Apenines
                   ,
                   a
                   thing
                   scarce
                   credible
                   :
                   than
                   which
                   
                     Constantiue
                     Paleologo
                  
                   said
                   (
                   as
                   Rodigino
                   reports
                   )
                   that
                   besides
                   the
                   Terrestial
                   Paradice
                   
                   t
                   was
                   not
                   possible
                   the
                   World
                   could
                   afford
                   a
                   place
                   more
                   full
                   of
                   delights
                   .
                   At
                   five
                   miles
                   distance
                   from
                   Padoua
                   ,
                   are
                   extant
                   the
                   Baths
                   of
                   Albano
                   ,
                   where
                   is
                   to
                   be
                   admir'd
                   the
                   different
                   kinds
                   of
                   Waters
                   :
                   how
                   out
                   of
                   a
                   vast
                   high
                   cavernous
                   Rock
                   arises
                   two
                   sources
                   of
                   Water
                   not
                   above
                   2
                   foot
                   one
                   from
                   the
                   other
                   ,
                   of
                   a
                   perfect
                   different
                   nature
                   ;
                   the
                   one
                   whereof
                   encrusts
                   &
                   converts
                   into
                   a
                   hard
                   white
                   stone
                   ,
                   not
                   only
                   the
                   Banks
                   by
                   which
                   it
                   runs
                   ,
                   but
                   what
                   ever
                   els
                   is
                   cast
                   into
                   it
                   ,
                   in
                   creasing
                   the
                   saidc
                   rustment
                   of
                   what
                   is
                   thrown
                   in
                   ,
                   according
                   to
                   the
                   time
                   t
                   is
                   left
                   in
                   it
                   ,
                   and
                   that
                   which
                   is
                   more
                   ,
                   it
                   begets
                   Stone
                   of
                   the
                   same
                   nature
                   upon
                   the
                   wheel
                   of
                   a
                   Mill
                   which
                   is
                   turned
                   by
                   its
                   stream
                   ,
                   which
                   every
                   Moneth
                   enforces
                   the
                   workemen
                   to
                   beat
                   it
                   off
                   with
                   Pickaxes
                   that
                   their
                   Mill
                   may
                   not
                   be
                   hindred
                   ;
                   the
                   Water
                   hereof
                   is
                   never
                   drunk
                   by
                   any
                   creature
                   ,
                   being
                   held
                   very
                   hurtfull
                   ;
                   but
                   the
                   other
                   Water
                   runs
                   upon
                   a
                   light
                   Sand
                   ,
                   is
                   much
                   more
                   light
                   in
                   weight
                   than
                   the
                   first
                   ,
                   and
                   is
                   divers
                   times
                   drank
                   for
                   sundty
                   healthfull
                   operatiōs
                   :
                   the
                   people
                   have
                   dug
                   the
                   Earth
                   in
                   parts
                   round
                   the
                   said
                   Hill
                   ,
                   and
                   have
                   found
                   Sulphure
                   ,
                   about
                   the
                   middle
                   part
                   ,
                   and
                   at
                   the
                   root
                   of
                   them
                   having
                   dug
                   towards
                   the
                   East
                   and
                   South
                   parts
                   they
                   have
                   found
                   Salt.
                   Abano
                   at
                   this
                   day
                   is
                   nothing
                   so
                   much
                   inhabited
                   as
                   we
                   ought
                   to
                   believe
                   it
                   was
                   heretofore
                   ;
                   by
                   reason
                   that
                   upon
                   any
                   digging
                   they
                   often
                   find
                   underground
                   ,
                   many
                   Reliques
                   of
                   Antiquity
                   ;
                   some
                   also
                   will
                   have
                   it
                   that
                   here
                   they
                   spun
                   the
                   finest
                   Linnen
                   Cloth.
                   On
                   the
                   other
                   side
                   of
                   Abano
                   stands
                   the
                   sumptuous
                   and
                   rich
                   Monastery
                   of
                   Praia
                   ,
                   with
                   the
                   black
                   Monks
                   of
                   Saint
                   Renedict
                   :
                   and
                   near
                   it
                   the
                   Church
                   of
                   
                     Santa
                     Maria
                     di
                     Monte
                     Ortone
                  
                   .
                   Approaching
                   whereunto
                   is
                   the
                   Convent
                   of
                   the
                   Fryars
                   Ermitans
                   of
                   Saint
                   Augustine
                   ,
                   called
                   Scalci
                   ,
                   or
                   without
                   Shoos
                   in
                   which
                   are
                   sources
                   of
                   boyling
                   water
                   ,
                   and
                   mud
                   ,
                   excellent
                   for
                   pains
                   and
                   shrunk
                   sinews
                   :
                   though
                   the
                   difficulty
                   with
                   which
                   they
                   are
                   come
                   at
                   ,
                   renders
                   them
                   of
                   less
                   common
                   use
                   than
                   they
                   would
                   be
                   ,
                   for
                   they
                   are
                   a
                   vast
                   way
                   in
                   the
                   Earth
                   ,
                   and
                   in
                   small
                   quantities
                   too
                   :
                   but
                   they
                   are
                   of
                   a
                   white
                   colour
                   ,
                   and
                   stiff
                   as
                   well
                   wrought
                   clay
                   ;
                   not
                   black
                   and
                   dirty
                   as
                   those
                   which
                   are
                   commonly
                   gotten
                   out
                   of
                   the
                   adjacent
                   Montagnone
                   .
                   They
                   pass
                   from
                   Padoua
                   to
                   Estè
                   upon
                   the
                   River
                   ,
                   and
                   upon
                   the
                   way
                   espy
                   the
                   noble
                   Castle
                   of
                   Monselice
                   ,
                   (
                   environed
                   
                   with
                   most
                   pleasant
                   Hills
                   )
                   also
                   the
                   foundations
                   of
                   a
                   ruinated
                   fortress
                   ,
                   where
                   they
                   gather
                   infinite
                   numbers
                   of
                   Vipers
                   ,
                   for
                   the
                   composing
                   of
                   that
                   so
                   much
                   famed
                   Venice
                   Treacle
                   :
                   On
                   the
                   left
                   side
                   whereof
                   is
                   the
                   Hill
                   
                     Arquato
                     Contrada
                  
                   ,
                   much
                   spoken
                   of
                   in
                   memory
                   of
                   
                     Franc
                     ▪
                     Petrarca
                  
                   ,
                   whose
                   habitation
                   being
                   long
                   there
                   ,
                   at
                   length
                   he
                   gave
                   up
                   the
                   Ghost
                   ,
                   and
                   was
                   there
                   honourably
                   interred
                   in
                   a
                   sepulchre
                   of
                   Marble
                   ,
                   with
                   this
                   Epitaph
                   enscribed
                   ,
                   which
                   himself
                   made
                   ,
                   as
                   followes
                   .
                   
                     
                       Frigida
                       Francisci
                       ,
                       lapis
                       hic
                       ,
                       tegt
                       ossa
                       Petrarcae
                       ,
                    
                     
                       Suscipe
                       virgo
                       Parens
                       animam
                       ,
                       sate
                       Virgne
                       parce
                       ,
                    
                     
                       Fessaque
                       jam
                       terris
                       ,
                       caeli
                       requiescat
                       in
                       Arce
                       .
                    
                  
                
                 
                   At
                   this
                   day
                   also
                   may
                   be
                   seen
                   there
                   his
                   House
                   ,
                   his
                   Chair
                   ,
                   and
                   little
                   Garden
                   .
                
                 
                   Two
                   miles
                   distant
                   from
                   Arquato
                   upon
                   a
                   little
                   Hill
                   ,
                   is
                   Cataio
                   ,
                   a
                   large
                   Town
                   of
                   the
                   Signors
                   Obici
                   :
                   thence
                   they
                   come
                   to
                   Battaglia
                   a
                   Parish
                   near
                   the
                   River
                   ,
                   seaven
                   miles
                   after
                   which
                   one
                   arrives
                   at
                   Estè
                   a
                   noble
                   Castle
                   and
                   antient
                   :
                   whence
                   that
                   Illustrious
                   Family
                   of
                   Estè
                   
                   
                   drew
                   their
                   Original
                   .
                   Whose
                   Palace
                   is
                   transformed
                   into
                   a
                   Monastery
                   by
                   the
                   Dominican
                   Fryers
                   .
                   From
                   this
                   Country
                   they
                   extract
                   (
                   besides
                   abundance
                   of
                   all
                   other
                   things
                   for
                   sustenance
                   )
                   excellent
                   Wines
                   .
                   It
                   contains
                   100000
                   Souls
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   publick
                   have
                   18000
                   Crowns
                   of
                   yeerly
                   income
                   .
                   There
                   they
                   ascend
                   the
                   Mountain
                   of
                   Vende
                   ,
                   where
                   is
                   a
                   Monastery
                   of
                   the
                   Fryers
                   of
                   
                     Mount
                     Oliveto
                  
                   ,
                   three
                   miles
                   whence
                   stands
                   another
                   Mountain
                   ,
                   where
                   is
                   the
                   rich
                   Abbacy
                   and
                   Monastery
                   of
                   the
                   Fryers
                   of
                   Camaldol
                   .
                   Tenn
                   miles
                   beyond
                   Estè
                   is
                   seated
                   the
                   noble
                   Castle
                   of
                   Montagnana
                   nothing
                   inferiour
                   to
                   that
                   of
                   Estè
                   neither
                   in
                   Riches
                   
                   nor
                   Civility
                   ,
                   where
                   they
                   much
                   trade
                   in
                   Hemp.
                   Eight
                   miles
                   farther
                   is
                   Lendinara
                   ,
                   a
                   very
                   strong
                   Castle
                   &
                   Town
                   washed
                   with
                   the
                   River
                   Adice
                   :
                   but
                   the
                   Ayr
                   is
                   a
                   little
                   gross
                   in
                   the
                   Winter
                   time
                   ,
                   it
                   contayns
                   4000
                   Souls
                   .
                   Near
                   which
                   is
                   the
                   Castle
                   Sanguienedo
                   ,
                   in
                   the
                   Confines
                   between
                   the
                   Venetians
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   Duke
                   of
                   Mantoua
                   :
                   where
                   there
                   is
                   a
                   fayr
                   even
                   way
                   for
                   eighteen
                   miles
                   length
                   .
                   Isuing
                   out
                   of
                   the
                   gate
                   of
                   Padoua
                   called
                   
                     S.
                     Croce
                  
                   ,
                   which
                   leads
                   to
                   Ferrara
                   ,
                   first
                   you
                   meet
                   Conselve
                   heretofore
                   a
                   Castle
                   of
                   the
                   Signori
                   Lazara
                   ,
                   where
                   stands
                   the
                   most
                   delitious
                   palace
                   of
                   the
                   Count
                   Nicholas
                   of
                   Lazara
                   ,
                   a
                   magnanimous
                   and
                   generous
                   Knight
                   ,
                   wherein
                   Henry
                   the
                   third
                   ,
                   King
                   of
                   France
                   and
                   Poland
                   quartered
                   :
                   near
                   it
                   lies
                   the
                   Count
                   Paludo
                   ,
                   whence
                   the
                   said
                   Signor
                   derives
                   his
                   Lordship
                   :
                   t
                   is
                   a
                   Country
                   Noble
                   and
                   Fertile
                   ,
                   is
                   a
                   Convent
                   of
                   the
                   Fathers
                   Hermitans
                   founded
                   by
                   
                     Giovanni
                     de
                     Lazara
                  
                   ,
                   Knight
                   of
                   
                     S.
                     Giacomo
                  
                   ,
                   and
                   Lieutenant
                   General
                   of
                   the
                   Venetian
                   Cavalrie
                   in
                   the
                   yeer
                   1574.
                   
                   After
                   which
                   is
                   met
                   Anguillara
                   ,
                   whereby
                   
                   the
                   Adice
                   passeth
                   .
                   Farther
                   on
                   they
                   go
                   to
                   Rovigo
                   ,
                   made
                   a
                   City
                   by
                   the
                   Prince
                   or
                   Duke
                   of
                   Venice
                   seated
                   ,
                   25
                   miles
                   from
                   Padoua
                   and
                   18
                   from
                   Ferara
                   ;
                   It
                   was
                   built
                   out
                   of
                   the
                   Ruines
                   of
                   Adria
                   ,
                   whence
                   t
                   is
                   not
                   allocated
                   above
                   a
                   mile
                   ;
                   t
                   is
                   hathed
                   by
                   an
                   Arm
                   of
                   the
                   Adice
                   ,
                   where
                   are
                   erected
                   noble
                   dwellings
                   ,
                   environed
                   with
                   a
                   deep
                   Ditch
                   or
                   Fosse
                   ,
                   which
                   in
                   circuit
                   are
                   about
                   a
                   mile
                   ;
                   its
                   Country
                   is
                   most
                   Fertile
                   ,
                   being
                   compassed
                   about
                   with
                   the
                   4
                   Rivers
                   ,
                   The
                   Poe
                   ,
                   the
                   Adice
                   ,
                   the
                   Tartaro
                   ,
                   the
                   Castagnaro
                   .
                   And
                   so
                   it
                   borrowes
                   the
                   name
                   of
                   Polesine
                   (
                   which
                   signifies
                   Peninsula
                   ,
                   almost
                   an
                   Island
                   )
                   from
                   its
                   length
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   circum
                   volution
                   of
                   those
                   Rivers
                   .
                   Many
                   Illustrious
                   Persons
                   have
                   added
                   to
                   the
                   Glory
                   of
                   this
                   their
                   Countrey
                   ,
                   as
                   the
                   Cardinal
                   
                     Roverella
                     ,
                     Brusoneo
                  
                   the
                   Poet
                   ,
                   Celio
                   ,
                   the
                   Riccobuoni
                   ,
                   and
                   
                     Gio
                     Tomaso
                     Minadoi
                  
                   a
                   most
                   learned
                   Physician
                   ,
                   who
                   wrote
                   the
                   
                     Persian
                     History
                  
                   ,
                   with
                   other
                   famous
                   men
                   .
                   It
                   hath
                   a
                   Church
                   dedicated
                   to
                   Saint
                   Bellino
                   ,
                   heretofore
                   Bishop
                   of
                   Padoua
                   ,
                   the
                   Priests
                   whereof
                   with
                   miraculous
                   success
                   restore
                   to
                   health
                   such
                   as
                   are
                   bit
                   by
                   mad
                   Dogs
                   ,
                   whom
                   they
                   as
                   suddainly
                   cure
                   as
                   indubitably
                   ,
                   with
                   a
                   certain
                   exorcism
                   ,
                   which
                   if
                   malignity
                   proceeded
                   in
                   a
                   natural
                   course
                   of
                   Physick
                   ,
                   would
                   not
                   only
                   require
                   the
                   best
                   skill
                   but
                   length
                   of
                   time
                   .
                   Whosoever
                   reads
                   the
                   36th
                   Ch.
                   of
                   the
                   6th
                   .
                   Book
                   of
                   Diosc.
                   and
                   those
                   other
                   Tractates
                   writ
                   on
                   that
                   infirmity
                   ,
                   may
                   comprehend
                   how
                   great
                   this
                   miracle
                   is
                   .
                   Mathioli
                   in
                   the
                   cited
                   fol.
                   of
                   Diosc.
                   owned
                   the
                   success
                   ,
                   and
                   willing
                   to
                   deduce
                   it
                   from
                   some
                   natural
                   cause
                   ,
                   saith
                   ,
                   that
                   possibly
                   these
                   Priests
                   might
                   intermix
                   some
                   medicinal
                   herb
                   or
                   secret
                   with
                   that
                   bread
                   which
                   they
                   are
                   wont
                   to
                   bless
                   for
                   Dog-bitten
                   Mad
                   Persons
                   :
                   but
                   this
                   may
                   easily
                   be
                   answered
                   ,
                   For
                   this
                   Church
                   is
                   governed
                   by
                   two
                   poor
                   Priests
                   who
                   many
                   times
                   desert
                   it
                   ;
                   nor
                   are
                   they
                   of
                   a
                   selected
                   condition
                   ;
                   and
                   t
                   were
                   strange
                   if
                   since
                   the
                   time
                   of
                   Saint
                   Bellino
                   to
                   this
                   day
                   none
                   should
                   arrive
                   
                   therebut
                   he
                   must
                   bring
                   that
                   medicinal
                   secret
                   with
                   him
                   ▪
                   Secondly
                   they
                   give
                   but
                   one
                   little
                   morcel
                   of
                   that
                   blessed
                   bread
                   to
                   a
                   person
                   ,
                   and
                   it
                   can
                   scarce
                   be
                   imagined
                   enough
                   of
                   the
                   medicine
                   should
                   be
                   conteyned
                   in
                   so
                   small
                   a
                   parcel
                   of
                   Bread
                   ,
                   for
                   so
                   wonderfully
                   a
                   dangerous
                   disease
                   .
                   Thirdly
                   the
                   Nuns
                   of
                   Saint
                   Fetro
                   in
                   Padoua
                   ,
                   have
                   an
                   antient
                   Key
                   which
                   was
                   
                     San
                     Bellinoes
                  
                   ,
                   which
                   Key
                   heated
                   ▪
                   and
                   its
                   sign
                   made
                   on
                   the
                   head
                   of
                   the
                   mad
                   Dogg
                   ▪
                   he
                   never
                   after
                   that
                   is
                   troubled
                   with
                   the
                   least
                   sign
                   of
                   madness
                   ▪
                   Which
                   being
                   ,
                   t
                   is
                   necessarily
                   conluded
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   Physicians
                   must
                   p●…r
                   force
                   confess
                   ,
                   that
                   t
                   is
                   a
                   pure
                   Miracle
                   wrought
                   by
                   God
                   at
                   the
                   intercession
                   of
                   
                     San
                     Bellino
                  
                   ,
                   who
                   by
                   the
                   instigation
                   of
                   certain
                   evil
                   People
                   ,
                   was
                   torn
                   in
                   pieces
                   by
                   Doggs
                   ,
                   and
                   his
                   glorious
                   Corps
                   layed
                   up
                   in
                   the
                   said
                   Church
                   of
                   Polesene
                   .
                
                 
                   Desiring
                   to
                   go
                   to
                   Ferrara
                   ,
                   First
                   they
                   take
                   the
                   way
                   Rosati
                   ,
                   till
                   they
                   arrive
                   at
                   the
                   Poe
                   ,
                   which
                   passing
                   by
                   Bark
                   ,
                   they
                   reach
                   Francolino
                   ,
                   a
                   County
                   some
                   five
                   miles
                   from
                   Ferrara
                   .
                
              
            
             
               
                 VICENZA
                 .
              
               
                 VIcenza
                 is
                 now
                 seated
                 in
                 the
                 
                   Marca
                   Trivigiana
                
                 ,
                 or
                 the
                 Marquisate
                 of
                 Ireves
                 ,
                 It
                 was
                 built
                 (
                 according
                 to
                 
                   Livie
                   ,
                   Justine
                
                 ,
                 and
                 
                   Paulo
                   Diacono
                
                 )
                 by
                 the
                 
                   Galli
                   Senoni
                
                 ,
                 who
                 fell
                 down
                 into
                 Italy
                 in
                 the
                 Reign
                 of
                 
                   Tarquinius
                   Priscus
                
                 ,
                 in
                 Rome
                 ,
                 giving
                 the
                 name
                 of
                 
                   Gallia
                   Cisalpi●…a
                
                 ,
                 to
                 that
                 part
                 possessed
                 by
                 them
                 :
                 But
                 
                   Strabo
                   ,
                   Pliny
                
                 ,
                 and
                 Polyb●…s
                 will
                 have
                 it
                 to
                 be
                 founded
                 by
                 the
                 Antient
                 Tuscans
                 ,
                 and
                 that
                 it
                 was
                 one
                 of
                 the
                 twelve
                 Cities
                 under
                 their
                 dominion
                 ,
                 on
                 this
                 side
                 of
                 the
                 Apenines
                 ,
                 and
                 that
                 it
                 was
                 much
                 encreased
                 and
                 amplified
                 by
                 the
                 
                   Galli
                   Senones
                
                 .
                 When
                 afterwards
                 the
                 Cities
                 thereabouts
                 performed
                 good
                 service
                 for
                 Omnipotent
                 Rome
                 ,
                 at
                 the
                 descent
                 of
                 other
                 French
                 men
                 ,
                 in
                 the
                 yeer
                 366.
                 into
                 Italy
                 ,
                 and
                 at
                 their
                 Assayling
                 of
                 
                   Rome
                   ,
                   Vicenza
                
                 being
                 one
                 of
                 them
                 ,
                 in
                 recompence
                 of
                 their
                 assistance
                 so
                 oportunely
                 contributed
                 ,
                 was
                 created
                 Municipal
                 ,
                 a
                 Free
                 City
                 :
                 whence
                 exercising
                 their
                 own
                 Laws
                 and
                 Statutes
                 they
                 participated
                 of
                 the
                 honours
                 and
                 dignities
                 of
                 Rome
                 ;
                 and
                 thence
                 t
                 is
                 we
                 find
                 so
                 many
                 of
                 its
                 Citizens
                 in
                 the
                 Magistracy
                 of
                 that
                 grand
                 Republick
                 ,
                 among
                 others
                 ,
                 
                   Aulus
                   Cecinna
                
                 ,
                 the
                 Consul
                 ,
                 was
                 General
                 of
                 the
                 Army
                 of
                 Vitellius
                 the
                 Emperour
                 ,
                 In
                 whose
                 honour
                 (
                 because
                 he
                 so
                 much
                 surpassed
                 the
                 fame
                 of
                 an
                 ordinary
                 Citizen
                 )
                 It
                 will
                 not
                 be
                 impertinent
                 to
                 place
                 here
                 this
                 following
                 antient
                 inscription
                 .
                 
                   A
                   Caecinnae
                   Felicis
                   ,
                   Viteliani
                   exercit
                   .
                   Imp.
                   Ob
                   Virtutem
                   ,
                   &
                   munus
                   Gladi
                   atorum
                   apud
                   se
                   exhibitum
                   Cremona
                   .
                
              
               
                 To
                 it
                 was
                 allotted
                 also
                 the
                 Title
                 of
                 Republick
                 and
                 City
                 ,
                 as
                 is
                 to
                 be
                 seen
                 in
                 many
                 antient
                 Marble
                 Stones
                 up
                 and
                 down
                 the
                 Countrey
                 ,
                 and
                 t
                 was
                 assigned
                 to
                 the
                 Tribe
                 Menenia
                 .
                 It
                 was
                 under
                 the
                 protection
                 of
                 Brutus
                 and
                 Cicero
                 ,
                 as
                 appears
                 in
                 his
                 familiar
                 Epistles
                 ,
                 and
                 in
                 this
                 antient
                 inscribed
                 memorial
                 :
                 
                   D.
                   Bruto
                   ,
                   &
                   M.
                   Tullio
                   Viris
                   in
                   Senatu
                   contra
                   Vernas
                   optimè
                   de
                   se
                   meritis
                   Viceut
                   .
                
              
               
                 All
                 the
                 time
                 the
                 Roman
                 Empire
                 continued
                 in
                 its
                 Grandezza
                 ,
                 it
                 
                 ever
                 followed
                 the
                 victorious
                 Eagle
                 ,
                 which
                 decaying
                 ,
                 this
                 also
                 suf
                 ▪
                 fered
                 much
                 Calamity
                 ,
                 and
                 underwent
                 those
                 mutations
                 ,
                 which
                 it
                 and
                 all
                 the
                 Cities
                 of
                 Italy
                 gro●…ned
                 under
                 with
                 miserable
                 example
                 :
                 Not
                 at
                 all
                 ,
                 nevertheless
                 ,
                 declining
                 from
                 its
                 antient
                 Vigour
                 and
                 Reputation
                 :
                 Whence
                 it
                 was
                 that
                 the
                 Longobardi
                 held
                 it
                 very
                 considerable
                 ,
                 and
                 assigned
                 to
                 it
                 ,
                 It
                 s
                 own
                 particular
                 Dukes
                 and
                 Counts
                 ,
                 Those
                 Governours
                 calling
                 themselves
                 by
                 that
                 Title
                 ,
                 for
                 that
                 they
                 continued
                 for
                 life
                 ,
                 and
                 to
                 their
                 Heirs
                 masculines
                 after
                 them
                 :
                 Of
                 one
                 of
                 whom
                 
                   Paolo
                   Diacono
                
                 makes
                 a
                 noble
                 record
                 in
                 the
                 life
                 of
                 Leon
                 the
                 
                 Emperor
                 ,
                 which
                 was
                 Peredeo
                 Duke
                 of
                 Vicenza
                 ,
                 who
                 marched
                 to
                 Ravenna
                 in
                 assistance
                 to
                 the
                 Pope
                 ,
                 and
                 there
                 dyed
                 fighting
                 valiantly
                 for
                 his
                 Holiness
                 .
              
               
                 This
                 City
                 was
                 by
                 Desiderio
                 the
                 last
                 King
                 of
                 the
                 Longobardi
                 selected
                 amongst
                 all
                 his
                 ,
                 to
                 place
                 securely
                 his
                 Son
                 Aldigerio
                 ,
                 when
                 himself
                 was
                 besiged
                 in
                 Pavia
                 ,
                 by
                 Charles
                 the
                 great
                 ;
                 but
                 it
                 avoided
                 not
                 its
                 total
                 destruction
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Reliques
                 of
                 its
                 antient
                 Theatre
                 ,
                 which
                 at
                 this
                 day
                 demonstrate
                 themselves
                 in
                 the
                 Gardens
                 of
                 the
                 
                   Signori
                   Pigafetta
                
                 ,
                 and
                 Gualdi
                 (
                 wherein
                 both
                 the
                 Kings
                 of
                 the
                 Longobardi
                 and
                 those
                 of
                 France
                 often
                 sate
                 to
                 behold
                 the
                 publick
                 shewes
                 and
                 Games
                 )
                 And
                 the
                 fragments
                 of
                 the
                 hot
                 Bathes
                 ,
                 with
                 the
                 Pilasters
                 for
                 the
                 Aqueducts
                 ,
                 give
                 sufficient
                 testimony
                 that
                 it
                 had
                 no
                 defect
                 of
                 whatsoever
                 ,
                 either
                 for
                 Ornament
                 or
                 magnificence
                 ,
                 other
                 famous
                 Cities
                 use
                 to
                 enjoy
                 .
                 And
                 at
                 that
                 time
                 when
                 Lo●…arius
                 the
                 Emperor
                 endeavoured
                 in
                 Rome
                 ,
                 in
                 the
                 yeer
                 825
                 ,
                 to
                 reform
                 the
                 occasion
                 of
                 the
                 Feudes
                 ,
                 and
                 to
                 that
                 end
                 convocated
                 the
                 principal
                 Lawyers
                 of
                 the
                 primary
                 Cities
                 of
                 Italy
                 ,
                 He
                 also
                 invited
                 the
                 Vicentine
                 Counsellors
                 with
                 an
                 honourable
                 testimony
                 of
                 what
                 esteem
                 he
                 had
                 for
                 the
                 City
                 Vicentia
                 .
              
               
                 Furthermore
                 when
                 Ottone
                 King
                 of
                 Germanie
                 (
                 the
                 Berengarii
                 being
                 overcome
                 and
                 discomfited
                 )
                 was
                 by
                 the
                 Pope
                 crowned
                 Emperor
                 ,
                 he
                 remised
                 the
                 Italian
                 Cities
                 in
                 Liberty
                 ,
                 granting
                 unto
                 them
                 Power
                 to
                 elect
                 their
                 Podestà
                 or
                 chief
                 Governour
                 ,
                 and
                 to
                 enjoy
                 their
                 own
                 Laws
                 ,
                 among
                 the
                 rest
                 Vicenza
                 participated
                 of
                 that
                 so
                 great
                 a
                 gift
                 :
                 Whence
                 forming
                 a
                 Carrocio
                 or
                 Chariot
                 which
                 was
                 the
                 Badge
                 of
                 a
                 free
                 City
                 ,
                 and
                 acknowleging
                 the
                 Empire
                 with
                 the
                 ordinary
                 Tribute
                 ,
                 it
                 lived
                 in
                 the
                 form
                 of
                 a
                 Republick
                 ,
                 (
                 although
                 much
                 perplexed
                 with
                 the
                 most
                 cruel
                 factions
                 of
                 its
                 own
                 Citizens
                 )
                 until
                 the
                 yeer
                 1143.
                 
                 When
                 
                   Federico
                   Barbarrossa
                
                 having
                 gathered
                 the
                 utmost
                 of
                 his
                 Power
                 ,
                 forced
                 all
                 the
                 Cities
                 of
                 Italy
                 into
                 servitude
                 ,
                 and
                 destroying
                 Milan
                 ,
                 in
                 the
                 rest
                 constituted
                 a
                 German
                 Podesta
              
               
                 Vicenza
                 endured
                 not
                 long
                 this
                 Tyranny
                 ,
                 but
                 united
                 with
                 Padoua
                 and
                 Verona
                 ,
                 they
                 shoke
                 off
                 the
                 yoke
                 ,
                 and
                 sent
                 the
                 first
                 Embassadors
                 to
                 the
                 Milanesi
                 to
                 offer
                 them
                 assistance
                 ,
                 and
                 to
                 perswade
                 them
                 to
                 do
                 the
                 like
                 ;
                 and
                 so
                 they
                 concluded
                 the
                 famous
                 League
                 of
                 the
                 Cities
                 of
                 Lombardy
                 ,
                 by
                 which
                 Colleagues
                 Barbarossa
                 (
                 being
                 overcome
                 between
                 Como
                 and
                 Milan
                 )
                 was
                 driven
                 to
                 the
                 other
                 side
                 of
                 the
                 Alpes
                 .
                 Which
                 victory
                 the
                 peace
                 of
                 Costanza
                 followed
                 ,
                 to
                 the
                 conclusion
                 whereof
                 came
                 also
                 the
                 Orators
                 of
                 Vicenza
                 ,
                 where
                 they
                 megliorated
                 enough
                 their
                 Cities
                 Condition
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 state
                 of
                 their
                 Liberty
                 ,
                 chiefly
                 for
                 that
                 Henry
                 the
                 Son
                 and
                 successor
                 of
                 Federick
                 confirmed
                 the
                 abovenamed
                 Peace
                 with
                 all
                 the
                 conditions
                 conceded
                 by
                 his
                 Father
                 :
                 All
                 the
                 Embassadors
                 of
                 the
                 Colleagued
                 Cities
                 randezvousing
                 
                 at
                 Piacense
                 ,
                 to
                 that
                 purpose
                 ,
                 where
                 also
                 was
                 the
                 Emperor
                 ;
                 and
                 
                   Michael
                   Capra
                
                 a
                 Vicentine
                 was
                 comissionated
                 thither
                 for
                 the
                 City
                 of
                 Bolognia
                 .
              
               
                 In
                 those
                 dayes
                 the
                 Republicks
                 Library
                 flourished
                 in
                 this
                 City
                 with
                 infinite
                 cōcourse
                 of
                 Forein
                 Nations
                 ,
                 abounding
                 with
                 the
                 most
                 worthy
                 Professors
                 in
                 all
                 the
                 sciences
                 and
                 Arts
                 ,
                 which
                 it
                 appears
                 continued
                 to
                 the
                 yeer
                 1228.
                 
                 In
                 which
                 yeer
                 Federick
                 the
                 second
                 being
                 exalted
                 to
                 the
                 Empire
                 ,
                 an
                 extream
                 Enemy
                 to
                 the
                 Pope
                 and
                 Cities
                 of
                 Italy
                 ,
                 after
                 many
                 ruines
                 whch
                 he
                 brought
                 on
                 others
                 ,
                 in
                 the
                 yeer
                 1236
                 burnt
                 and
                 destroyed
                 Vicenza
                 ;
                 exercising
                 his
                 greatest
                 cruelty
                 against
                 the
                 most
                 potent
                 Citizens
                 ,
                 which
                 reduced
                 it
                 with
                 great
                 ease
                 under
                 the
                 wicked
                 Tyrant
                 Eccellino
                 ,
                 continuing
                 so
                 until
                 his
                 death
                 ,
                 when
                 waving
                 and
                 debilitated
                 ,
                 it
                 by
                 degrees
                 crawled
                 up
                 the
                 steps
                 of
                 its
                 Antient
                 Liberty
                 ;
                 yet
                 not
                 so
                 strongly
                 ,
                 but
                 that
                 after
                 46
                 yeers
                 it
                 underwent
                 by
                 the
                 Citizens
                 neglect
                 ,
                 the
                 Signory
                 of
                 the
                 Scaligeri
                 ,
                 who
                 there
                 governed
                 under
                 the
                 shadow
                 and
                 name
                 of
                 an
                 Empire
                 :
                 and
                 that
                 title
                 not
                 improperly
                 taken
                 ,
                 for
                 that
                 
                   Can
                   Grande
                
                 at
                 that
                 time
                 their
                 head
                 ,
                 was
                 a
                 most
                 valiant
                 and
                 potent
                 Lord.
                 
              
               
                 Vicenza
                 was
                 well
                 treated
                 under
                 their
                 government
                 ,
                 and
                 many
                 publick
                 Edifices
                 restored
                 ,
                 but
                 the
                 wheele
                 of
                 Fortune
                 running
                 round
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Line
                 of
                 those
                 Lawfull
                 Signors
                 extinct
                 ,
                 Antonio
                 the
                 last
                 of
                 them
                 and
                 illegitimate
                 ,
                 was
                 first
                 deprived
                 of
                 Verona
                 ,
                 then
                 of
                 Vicenza
                 ,
                 by
                 
                   Gio
                   Galleazze
                
                 first
                 Viscount
                 of
                 Milan
                 ,
                 by
                 whom
                 it
                 was
                 held
                 very
                 dear
                 ,
                 and
                 so
                 much
                 honoured
                 for
                 its
                 fidelity
                 ,
                 that
                 he
                 made
                 it
                 the
                 Chamber
                 of
                 his
                 Empire
                 .
              
               
                 He
                 dead
                 Catarina
                 his
                 Wife
                 distrusting
                 her
                 own
                 ability
                 to
                 maintain
                 so
                 great
                 Dominions
                 ,
                 by
                 her
                 Letters
                 full
                 of
                 Courtesy
                 ,
                 absolving
                 their
                 Oath
                 of
                 fidelity
                 ,
                 gave
                 the
                 Vicentines
                 ample
                 Liberty
                 to
                 elect
                 their
                 own
                 Government
                 ,
                 who
                 after
                 divers
                 consultations
                 and
                 many
                 solicitations
                 to
                 colleague
                 themselves
                 with
                 the
                 Switzers
                 ,
                 and
                 to
                 become
                 one
                 of
                 their
                 Cantons
                 ,
                 having
                 at
                 large
                 supervised
                 the
                 great
                 calamities
                 of
                 the
                 passed
                 times
                 ,
                 and
                 fearing
                 future
                 miseries
                 ,
                 At
                 length
                 the
                 Advice
                 of
                 
                   He●…rico
                   Capra
                
                 (
                 a
                 wise
                 and
                 esteemed
                 Citizen
                 of
                 great
                 Interest
                 both
                 for
                 his
                 many
                 adherents
                 and
                 riches
                 )
                 prevailed
                 to
                 surrender
                 themselves
                 of
                 their
                 own
                 free
                 accords
                 to
                 the
                 Republick
                 of
                 Venice
                 ,
                 whose
                 pleasing
                 Goverment
                 was
                 then
                 become
                 famous
                 through
                 the
                 whole
                 world
                 .
                 Who
                 accepting
                 with
                 all
                 Gratitude
                 this
                 their
                 free
                 offer
                 ,
                 confirmed
                 unto
                 them
                 all
                 such
                 Jurisdictions
                 ,
                 Statutes
                 ,
                 &
                 Prerogatives
                 ,
                 as
                 they
                 knew
                 how
                 to
                 demand
                 ;
                 and
                 in
                 particular
                 the
                 Consularship
                 the
                 most
                 Antient
                 Magistracy
                 of
                 this
                 City
                 ,
                 and
                 received
                 it
                 into
                 protection
                 ,
                 styling
                 it
                 the
                 first
                 Born
                 and
                 most
                 faithfull
                 City
                 ,
                 under
                 whose
                 Signory
                 it
                 hath
                 ever
                 since
                 continued
                 ,
                 dayly
                 encreasing
                 both
                 their
                 Wealth
                 ,
                 and
                 conveniences
                 .
              
               
                 Yet
                 notwithstanding
                 ,
                 at
                 the
                 Inroad
                 of
                 Gi●…radada
                 ,
                 the
                 State
                 of
                 Venice
                 ,
                 (
                 though
                 unwillingly
                 )
                 gave
                 way
                 to
                 the
                 Signory
                 of
                 the
                 whole
                 firm
                 Land
                 ;
                 by
                 which
                 means
                 Vicenza
                 fell
                 into
                 the
                 hands
                 of
                 Massiminian
                 the
                 Emperor
                 ,
                 who
                 sent
                 thither
                 
                   Leonardo
                   Trissino
                
                 ,
                 to
                 receive
                 possession
                 thereof
                 ,
                 as
                 Vicar
                 of
                 the
                 Empire
                 ,
                 which
                 he
                 performed
                 there
                 ,
                 as
                 also
                 in
                 Padoua
                 :
                 Who
                 with
                 Vicentia
                 ,
                 through
                 the
                 great
                 affection
                 they
                 bore
                 the
                 Republick
                 of
                 Venice
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 singular
                 Prudence
                 of
                 the
                 Venetian
                 Senate
                 within
                 some
                 few
                 yeers
                 after
                 easily
                 returned
                 to
                 their
                 former
                 Obedience
                 under
                 it
                 .
              
               
               
                 This
                 City
                 is
                 four
                 miles
                 in
                 circuit
                 ,
                 in
                 form
                 like
                 the
                 figure
                 of
                 a
                 Scorpion
                 ,
                 &
                 although
                 informer
                 times
                 it
                 had
                 the
                 Reputation
                 of
                 strong
                 ,
                 from
                 the
                 double
                 Walls
                 which
                 invironed
                 it
                 ;
                 yet
                 t
                 is
                 neither
                 fortified
                 nor
                 capable
                 of
                 Fortification
                 :
                 it
                 being
                 situated
                 at
                 the
                 bottome
                 of
                 a
                 Hill
                 that
                 comands
                 the
                 Town
                 ;
                 however
                 (
                 voluntarily
                 living
                 like
                 the
                 Antient
                 Spartans
                 )
                 the
                 Citizens
                 pro●…ess
                 that
                 the
                 Walls
                 of
                 their
                 Breasts
                 suffice
                 to
                 maintain
                 even
                 to
                 the
                 death
                 their
                 Fidelity
                 to
                 their
                 natural
                 Prince
                 ,
                 which
                 preserves
                 it
                 with
                 safety
                 .
                 It
                 is
                 washed
                 by
                 two
                 Rivers
                 Bacchileone
                 (
                 by
                 some
                 Latines
                 called
                 also
                 
                   Meduaco
                   Minore
                
                 )
                 and
                 
                   Rerone
                   Ereteno
                
                 before
                 mentioned
                 ,
                 together
                 with
                 two
                 other
                 small
                 Brooks
                 ,
                 Astichello
                 and
                 Seriola
                 ,
                 which
                 serve
                 them
                 with
                 many
                 conveniences
                 .
                 All
                 which
                 united
                 at
                 a
                 small
                 distance
                 from
                 the
                 City
                 ,
                 form
                 a
                 Navigable
                 River
                 as
                 well
                 upwards
                 as
                 downwards
                 ,
                 capable
                 of
                 Vessels
                 of
                 a
                 huge
                 burthen
                 ,
                 who
                 passing
                 by
                 Padoua
                 reach
                 Venice
                 ,
                 and
                 give
                 the
                 best
                 occasion
                 and
                 reason
                 for
                 the
                 riches
                 of
                 that
                 Countrey
                 .
              
               
                 They
                 account
                 that
                 it
                 with
                 the
                 Burroughs
                 conteyn
                 40000.
                 
                 Souls
                 ,
                 being
                 replenisht
                 with
                 Proud
                 and
                 Stately
                 Palaces
                 ,
                 Noble
                 Temples
                 and
                 publick
                 Structures
                 built
                 after
                 the
                 modern
                 Architecture
                 :
                 the
                 Hall
                 of
                 Justice
                 (
                 wherein
                 the
                 Judges
                 assemble
                 to
                 do
                 Justice
                 )
                 for
                 its
                 Antient
                 and
                 modern
                 Structure
                 may
                 be
                 compared
                 with
                 any
                 in
                 Italy
                 :
                 Upon
                 the
                 highest
                 Tower
                 raised
                 to
                 a
                 Wonder
                 (
                 which
                 joyns
                 to
                 it
                 )
                 is
                 placed
                 the
                 Horologe
                 which
                 serves
                 all
                 the
                 City
                 within
                 ,
                 and
                 a
                 mile
                 out
                 of
                 it
                 ,
                 most
                 comodiously
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Piazza
                 most
                 capacious
                 for
                 all
                 their
                 Justings
                 and
                 Turnaments
                 ,
                 (
                 where
                 morn
                 &
                 even
                 rēder
                 themselves
                 the
                 Nobility
                 )
                 is
                 no
                 less
                 adorned
                 with
                 Open
                 Galleries
                 &
                 the
                 Fōrt
                 of
                 the
                 said
                 Palace
                 ,
                 than
                 with
                 a
                 fayr
                 habitation
                 ,
                 for
                 the
                 Seignor
                 Capitano
                 and
                 the
                 Fabrick
                 of
                 that
                 mount
                 Piety
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 so
                 rich
                 that
                 they
                 lend
                 such
                 sums
                 as
                 the
                 poor
                 Citizens
                 require
                 without
                 any
                 Usurie
                 .
                 Besides
                 this
                 (
                 which
                 is
                 called
                 
                   Piazza
                   Maggiore
                
                 )
                 there
                 are
                 five
                 other
                 Piazzaes
                 for
                 the
                 publick
                 markets
                 ,
                 of
                 Poultry
                 ,
                 Grain
                 ,
                 Wine
                 ,
                 Wood
                 ,
                 Hay
                 ,
                 Fish
                 ,
                 Fruits
                 ,
                 and
                 Herbs
                 .
                 And
                 as
                 the
                 Splendidness
                 of
                 the
                 Vicentians
                 Spirits
                 is
                 apparent
                 in
                 profane
                 things
                 ,
                 so
                 does
                 their
                 Piety
                 and
                 magnificense
                 ,
                 no
                 less
                 shine
                 in
                 and
                 towards
                 the
                 Divine
                 worship
                 :
                 For
                 which
                 they
                 number
                 in
                 the
                 City
                 50.
                 
                 Churches
                 accounted
                 Stately
                 ,
                 and
                 beautified
                 with
                 antient
                 and
                 modern
                 Pictures
                 ,
                 whereof
                 14.
                 are
                 Parochials
                 ,
                 17.
                 of
                 Fryers
                 ,
                 and
                 12.
                 of
                 Nuns
                 ,
                 all
                 well
                 furnished
                 with
                 receptacles
                 and
                 other
                 necessaries
                 for
                 subsistence
                 :
                 Among
                 which
                 the
                 Mendicants
                 or
                 begging
                 Fryers
                 ,
                 by
                 the
                 Charity
                 of
                 the
                 Citizens
                 ,
                 have
                 no
                 mean
                 Reliefs
                 .
                 In
                 the
                 Country
                 are
                 also
                 3.
                 other
                 Monasteries
                 of
                 Nunns
                 ,
                 and
                 above
                 20.
                 of
                 Fryers
                 ,
                 besides
                 Parochials
                 ,
                 which
                 are
                 very
                 ample
                 in
                 the
                 Villages
                 .
              
               
                 They
                 are
                 well
                 stored
                 with
                 Hospitals
                 for
                 the
                 poor
                 of
                 all
                 conditions
                 ,
                 having
                 nine
                 ,
                 besides
                 the
                 Confraternities
                 and
                 other
                 retreats
                 of
                 Godly
                 pe●…sons
                 who
                 wait
                 on
                 works
                 of
                 Charity
                 .
                 In
                 the
                 Cathedral
                 (
                 signal
                 for
                 the
                 good
                 Bishoprick
                 of
                 12000
                 Duckats
                 yeerly
                 Revenue
                 )
                 besides
                 other
                 Reliq●…es
                 they
                 keep
                 the
                 bodies
                 of
                 the
                 Martyrs
                 Carpoforo
                 and
                 
                   Leoncio
                   Vicentines
                
                 .
                 And
                 in
                 the
                 Church
                 of
                 
                   Santa
                   Corona
                
                 of
                 the
                 Dominican
                 Fryers
                 one
                 of
                 the
                 thorns
                 of
                 the
                 Crown
                 of
                 the
                 Saviour
                 of
                 the
                 World
                 ,
                 given
                 in
                 the
                 yeer
                 1260.
                 by
                 Lodovico
                 or
                 Lewis
                 the
                 Saint
                 King
                 of
                 Franee
                 ,
                 to
                 
                   Bartolomeo
                   Breganze
                
                 ,
                 Citizen
                 and
                 Bishop
                 of
                 Vicenza
                 It
                 received
                 the
                 Light
                 of
                 the
                 Faith
                 of
                 Christ
                 by
                 the
                 teaching
                 of
                 Saint
                 Prosdocimo
                 first
                 Bishop
                 of
                 Padcua
                 ,
                 Saint
                 Paul
                 yet
                 living
                 .
              
               
               
                 Near
                 the
                 Domo
                 stands
                 
                   l'Oratoria
                   de
                   Madonna
                
                 ,
                 or
                 the
                 Oratory
                 of
                 our
                 Lady
                 ,
                 raised
                 by
                 those
                 of
                 that
                 confraternity
                 ,
                 in
                 imitation
                 of
                 that
                 of
                 Rome
                 ,
                 which
                 possibly
                 in
                 magnificence
                 and
                 beauty
                 it
                 surpasseth
                 .
              
               
                 It
                 s
                 State
                 under
                 the
                 Venetian
                 Dominion
                 is
                 such
                 ,
                 as
                 certainly
                 no
                 City
                 under
                 their
                 power
                 hath
                 greater
                 privileges
                 .
                 The
                 Consul
                 the
                 most
                 antient
                 Jurisdiction
                 of
                 this
                 City
                 judging
                 all
                 Criminal
                 Offences
                 ,
                 and
                 its
                 own
                 Citizens
                 all
                 other
                 civil
                 Causes
                 :
                 For
                 which
                 end
                 the
                 Council
                 chuseth
                 a
                 round
                 of
                 four
                 Doctors
                 and
                 8
                 Laicks
                 ,
                 which
                 change
                 by
                 fours
                 every
                 month
                 .
                 These
                 form
                 the
                 process
                 for
                 Manslaughter
                 ,
                 in
                 their
                 City
                 and
                 Territory
                 ,
                 and
                 being
                 summoned
                 to
                 meet
                 Morning
                 and
                 Evening
                 ,
                 in
                 the
                 Congregation
                 ,
                 the
                 Antientest
                 of
                 the
                 Doctors
                 assuming
                 and
                 stating
                 briefly
                 the
                 Case
                 ,
                 first
                 gives
                 his
                 Judgement
                 ,
                 after
                 whom
                 all
                 the
                 rest
                 ,
                 from
                 one
                 to
                 the
                 other
                 ,
                 and
                 last
                 of
                 all
                 the
                 Podestà
                 who
                 hath
                 but
                 one
                 voyce
                 ,
                 pronounce
                 theirs
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 sentence
                 passeth
                 by
                 the
                 Major
                 part
                 of
                 Opinions
                 ,
                 whence
                 there
                 is
                 no
                 appeal
                 :
                 And
                 their
                 Justice
                 hath
                 been
                 so
                 duly
                 administred
                 ,
                 that
                 hitherto
                 the
                 supreme
                 Prince
                 never
                 violated
                 nor
                 revoked
                 their
                 Judgement
                 .
                 The
                 said
                 4.
                 
                 Doctors
                 have
                 also
                 their
                 seat
                 of
                 Justice
                 for
                 Civil
                 Causes
                 ,
                 whence
                 there
                 is
                 an
                 appeal
                 to
                 one
                 Judge
                 (
                 who
                 is
                 therefore
                 stiled
                 the
                 Judge
                 for
                 Appeals
                 )
                 who
                 must
                 be
                 of
                 the
                 same
                 College
                 ,
                 or
                 to
                 the
                 Podefia
                 or
                 his
                 Assessors
                 ,
                 so
                 that
                 t
                 is
                 in
                 the
                 will
                 of
                 every
                 person
                 to
                 determine
                 his
                 Cause
                 before
                 the
                 proper
                 Judges
                 of
                 Vicentia
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Deputies
                 who
                 represent
                 the
                 City
                 consult
                 and
                 order
                 those
                 things
                 which
                 appertain
                 to
                 its
                 honour
                 and
                 the
                 publick
                 good
                 ,
                 and
                 have
                 absolute
                 power
                 in
                 all
                 their
                 Cities
                 Provisions
                 :
                 who
                 chuse
                 four
                 of
                 the
                 chief
                 Nobility
                 ,
                 called
                 the
                 
                   Cavalieri
                   di
                   Commun
                
                 ;
                 who
                 with
                 their
                 Officers
                 oversee
                 the
                 Weights
                 and
                 Measures
                 ,
                 and
                 that
                 all
                 the
                 orders
                 made
                 for
                 the
                 benefit
                 of
                 the
                 People
                 be
                 duly
                 executed
                 ,
                 and
                 in
                 case
                 of
                 any
                 defect
                 report
                 it
                 to
                 the
                 Deputies
                 ;
                 These
                 Magistrates
                 are
                 every
                 yeer
                 created
                 by
                 the
                 council
                 of
                 the
                 150
                 Citizens
                 ,
                 and
                 also
                 are
                 chosen
                 every
                 yeer
                 ,
                 whereby
                 to
                 give
                 occasion
                 to
                 every
                 one
                 to
                 demean
                 himself
                 well
                 and
                 to
                 live
                 virtuously
                 .
              
               
                 It
                 hath
                 three
                 Colleges
                 ,
                 One
                 of
                 the
                 Doctors
                 of
                 Lawes
                 ,
                 where
                 none
                 is
                 admitted
                 ,
                 that
                 cannot
                 prove
                 himself
                 of
                 a
                 house
                 of
                 Nobility
                 ,
                 of
                 one
                 hundred
                 yeers
                 standing
                 ,
                 and
                 Legitimate
                 Issue
                 for
                 three
                 Ages
                 ,
                 besides
                 that
                 ,
                 he
                 is
                 examined
                 of
                 his
                 knowlege
                 at
                 his
                 entrance
                 ,
                 and
                 obliged
                 to
                 proceed
                 Doctor
                 in
                 the
                 University
                 of
                 Pado●…a
                 .
                 The
                 second
                 is
                 of
                 Physicians
                 more
                 modern
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 third
                 of
                 Notaries
                 ,
                 most
                 antient
                 and
                 restrained
                 .
              
               
                 It
                 hath
                 Six
                 thousand
                 duckets
                 of
                 Income
                 by
                 the
                 yeer
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 expended
                 in
                 repairing
                 the
                 Bridges
                 ,
                 Highways
                 ,
                 and
                 Palace
                 ,
                 maintaining
                 an
                 Ordinary
                 Resident
                 at
                 Venice
                 ,
                 and
                 other
                 extraordinary
                 charges
                 .
                 The
                 Vicentines
                 delight
                 to
                 go
                 abroad
                 in
                 the
                 World
                 ,
                 (
                 an
                 humour
                 seldome
                 met
                 with
                 in
                 the
                 Italians
                 )
                 as
                 well
                 to
                 learn
                 good
                 breeding
                 ,
                 as
                 to
                 provide
                 for
                 their
                 Families
                 :
                 So
                 that
                 returned
                 home
                 they
                 live
                 in
                 all
                 splendor
                 and
                 politeness
                 ,
                 both
                 within
                 and
                 without
                 doors
                 ,
                 go
                 richly
                 apparelled
                 ,
                 as
                 well
                 Men
                 as
                 Women
                 ,
                 and
                 keep
                 many
                 followers
                 ;
                 which
                 they
                 may
                 well
                 do
                 ,
                 by
                 their
                 abundance
                 of
                 Riches
              
               
                 For
                 which
                 cause
                 this
                 City
                 is
                 reputed
                 full
                 of
                 Gentry
                 ,
                 and
                 their
                 common
                 Title
                 is
                 ,
                 
                   il
                   Signor
                   Conte
                
                 .
                 Nor
                 are
                 they
                 less
                 noble
                 in
                 their
                 buildings
                 ,
                 both
                 publick
                 and
                 private
                 ,
                 than
                 in
                 their
                 garb
                 :
                 for
                 by
                 the
                 industry
                 
                 of
                 Palladi●…s
                 a
                 Vicentine
                 and
                 reviver
                 of
                 the
                 Roman
                 Architecture
                 ,
                 it
                 shewes
                 it self
                 most
                 pompous
                 ,
                 and
                 equal
                 to
                 any
                 other
                 great
                 City
                 :
                 The
                 Vicentines
                 are
                 great
                 Lovers
                 of
                 Strangers
                 ,
                 liberally
                 entertain
                 with
                 all
                 sorts
                 of
                 Regalios
                 ,
                 the
                 acquaintance
                 and
                 friends
                 they
                 take
                 knowlege
                 of
                 in
                 other
                 places
                 ,
                 and
                 willingly
                 take
                 the
                 oportuninity
                 to
                 treat
                 any
                 great
                 Prince
                 .
              
               
                 They
                 erected
                 a
                 Theatre
                 by
                 the
                 invention
                 of
                 
                   Andreo
                   Palladio
                
                 the
                 Renovator
                 of
                 the
                 good
                 and
                 antient
                 Architecture
                 (
                 capable
                 of
                 5000
                 persons
                 in
                 their
                 Seats
                 )
                 as
                 by
                 this
                 inscription
                 appears
                 .
                 
                   Virtuti
                   ac
                   Genio
                   Olympior
                   :
                   Academia
                   Theatrum
                   hoc
                   a
                   fundamentis
                   erexit
                   Paladio
                   Archit
                   .
                   Anno.
                   1584.
                   
                
              
               
                 The
                 Stage
                 ,
                 or
                 Scene
                 ,
                 is
                 a
                 stupendious
                 thing
                 to
                 behold
                 ,
                 for
                 the
                 many
                 Statues
                 and
                 Corinthian
                 Pillars
                 ;
                 the
                 Prospective
                 represents
                 a
                 Royal
                 City
                 ,
                 where
                 was
                 first
                 performed
                 ,
                 with
                 great
                 Applause
                 ,
                 and
                 incredible
                 satisfaction
                 to
                 the
                 whole
                 Province
                 ,
                 in
                 the
                 yeer
                 1585
                 :
                 the
                 representation
                 of
                 Epidus
                 Tyrant
                 of
                 Soffocles
                 ,
                 acted
                 with
                 lordly
                 pomp
                 ,
                 as
                 well
                 in
                 the
                 habits
                 ,
                 as
                 musick
                 ,
                 Chorus
                 ,
                 and
                 illumination
                 of
                 the
                 Theatre
                 :
                 The
                 Olympick
                 Academy
                 (
                 to
                 whom
                 we
                 owe
                 this
                 work
                 )
                 ought
                 therefore
                 to
                 be
                 thanked
                 as
                 the
                 receptable
                 of
                 the
                 Muses
                 ,
                 and
                 all
                 other
                 noble
                 and
                 elevated
                 ingenuities
                 .
                 The
                 Vicentines
                 chiefly
                 have
                 the
                 obligation
                 for
                 this
                 work
                 ,
                 to
                 the
                 memory
                 of
                 the
                 Cavalier
                 Chieregato
                 Governour
                 of
                 all
                 the
                 Militia
                 of
                 the
                 Kindome
                 of
                 Candy
                 ,
                 and
                 restorer
                 of
                 all
                 the
                 antient
                 and
                 good
                 discipline
                 for
                 the
                 Infantery
                 .
              
               
                 Besides
                 that
                 Olympick
                 it
                 hath
                 another
                 Academy
                 more
                 modern
                 for
                 Horse
                 ,
                 founded
                 ,
                 by
                 the
                 Count
                 
                   Oderico
                   Capra
                
                 Leader
                 for
                 his
                 Highness
                 of
                 one
                 hundred
                 Men
                 in
                 Arms
                 ,
                 not
                 less
                 usefull
                 for
                 the
                 Exercise
                 of
                 the
                 Youth
                 ,
                 than
                 for
                 the
                 manage
                 it
                 gives
                 the
                 Horses
                 ,
                 with
                 much
                 profit
                 to
                 the
                 Prince
                 in
                 warlike
                 Occurrences
                 ,
                 where
                 good
                 Masters
                 Riders
                 are
                 well
                 entertained
                 .
              
               
                 Which
                 makes
                 the
                 City
                 be
                 filled
                 with
                 well
                 managed
                 Gennets
                 and
                 other
                 the
                 best
                 Horses
                 of
                 Lumbardy
                 .
                 For
                 instance
                 ,
                 view
                 the
                 Stable
                 of
                 the
                 said
                 Count
                 Oderico
                 ,
                 furnished
                 with
                 15.
                 
                 Coursers
                 ,
                 of
                 the
                 best
                 Races
                 of
                 Italy
                 .
              
               
                 Going
                 out
                 of
                 the
                 Gate
                 ,
                 
                   Del
                   Castello
                
                 ,
                 is
                 the
                 
                   Campo
                   Martio
                
                 (
                 made
                 in
                 imitation
                 of
                 ,
                 that
                 antiently
                 in
                 Rome
                 ,
                 which
                 was
                 for
                 the
                 hunting
                 
                 of
                 wild
                 Beasts
                 )
                 for
                 the
                 exercises
                 of
                 the
                 youth
                 ,
                 and
                 Souldiery
                 ,
                 watered
                 round
                 ;
                 whither
                 the
                 Ladies
                 and
                 Gallants
                 resort
                 in
                 the
                 summer
                 Evenings
                 to
                 participate
                 the
                 fresh
                 Ayr
                 ,
                 which
                 the
                 surrounding
                 Hills
                 afford
                 .
                 The
                 Arch
                 or
                 entrance
                 into
                 this
                 field
                 will
                 remain
                 as
                 a
                 lasting
                 monument
                 of
                 Palladius
                 who
                 built
                 it
                 .
                 Opposite
                 hereto
                 is
                 the
                 Garden
                 of
                 the
                 Count
                 
                   Leonardo
                   Valmarana
                
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 very
                 praise-worthy
                 for
                 the
                 long
                 and
                 beautifull
                 closs
                 walk
                 of
                 Citron
                 and
                 Orange
                 Trees
                 ,
                 and
                 plenty
                 of
                 all
                 Fruits
                 ,
                 together
                 with
                 the
                 Labyrinth
                 .
                 At
                 the
                 head
                 of
                 the
                 Burrough
                 stands
                 the
                 Temple
                 of
                 
                   San
                   Felice
                
                 and
                 Fortunato
                 the
                 Martyrs
                 ,
                 which
                 some
                 believe
                 that
                 Narsitze
                 built
                 ,
                 therein
                 is
                 preserved
                 the
                 Body
                 of
                 
                   San
                   For●…nnato
                
                 and
                 he●…d
                 of
                 
                   San
                   Felice
                
                 ,
                 which
                 were
                 lately
                 
                 found
                 in
                 the
                 Cloyster
                 of
                 the
                 Bishop
                 ,
                 miraculously
                 in
                 ●…
                 Ch●…st
                 of
                 Lead
                 ,
                 with
                 Letters
                 signifying
                 so
                 much
                 :
                 viz.
                 The
                 head
                 of
                 
                   San
                   Fortunato
                
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Body
                 of
                 
                   San
                   Felice
                
                 ,
                 of
                 whose
                 Martyrdom
                 Cardinal
                 Beronio
                 makes
                 mention
                 .
              
               
                 A
                 mile
                 further
                 is
                 the
                 Oli●…
                 ,
                 made
                 famous
                 by
                 the
                 overthrow
                 which
                 Alviano
                 the
                 Venetian
                 General
                 received
                 from
                 Cardona
                 and
                 
                   Prospero
                   Collonna
                
                 ,
                 Captains
                 of
                 the
                 Spanish
                 Army
                 .
                 Somewhat
                 beyond
                 stands
                 the
                 Castle
                 of
                 Montecchi●…
                 ,
                 with
                 the
                 Palace
                 of
                 the
                 
                   Co●…ti
                   G●…aldi
                
                 where
                 Charles
                 the
                 5th
                 .
                 Lodged
                 .
                 Whence
                 by
                 Mo●…tebella
                 they
                 pass
                 to
                 Verona
                 ,
                 leaving
                 on
                 the
                 right
                 hand
                 the
                 pleasant
                 Valley
                 Dressina
                 ,
                 with
                 Valdagno
                 and
                 Arcignano
                 ,
                 most
                 populous
                 and
                 trading
                 Villages
                 ,
                 where
                 they
                 make
                 Linnen
                 Cloth
                 ,
                 not
                 ordinary
                 ,
                 neither
                 in
                 quantity
                 ,
                 or
                 quality
                 .
                 And
                 on
                 the
                 left
                 hand
                 
                   Lo●…igo
                   Podestaria
                
                 ,
                 which
                 for
                 its
                 white
                 bread
                 and
                 good
                 wine
                 carries
                 the
                 Bell
                 :
                 famed
                 also
                 for
                 the
                 birth
                 of
                 
                   Nicolo
                   Leoniceno
                
                 ,
                 a
                 most
                 renowned
                 Physician
                 ,
                 and
                 very
                 much
                 endeared
                 by
                 Hercoles
                 first
                 Duke
                 of
                 Ferrara
                 ,
                 near
                 whom
                 he
                 lived
                 and
                 dyed
                 ,
                 having
                 long
                 read
                 in
                 that
                 University
                 .
              
               
                 Issuing
                 forth
                 of
                 the
                 Gate
                 
                   de
                   Monte
                
                 ,
                 one
                 sees
                 another
                 Arch
                 of
                 Palladius
                 ,
                 with
                 a
                 most
                 high
                 Stayr
                 case
                 ,
                 to
                 the
                 top
                 of
                 
                   Madonna
                   del
                   Monte
                
                 held
                 in
                 high
                 vene●…ation
                 for
                 the
                 continual
                 Miracles
                 wrought
                 at
                 her
                 intercession
                 ,
                 and
                 much
                 frequented
                 by
                 the
                 Neighbouring
                 People
                 .
                 A
                 quarter
                 of
                 a
                 mile
                 farther
                 by
                 the
                 River
                 side
                 which
                 is
                 navigable
                 ;
                 upon
                 a
                 little
                 Hill
                 (
                 as
                 it
                 were
                 artificially
                 separated
                 from
                 the
                 other
                 ,
                 and
                 of
                 a
                 Facil
                 ascent
                 )
                 stands
                 the
                 Rotonda
                 ,
                 of
                 the
                 Signors
                 Counts
                 ,
                 Oderico
                 and
                 
                   Mario
                   Capra
                
                 Brothers
                 ,
                 so
                 called
                 from
                 the
                 round
                 ●…upola
                 at
                 the
                 top
                 (
                 or
                 likeness
                 it
                 hath
                 with
                 the
                 Pantheon
                 at
                 Rome
                 )
                 which
                 covers
                 the
                 Hall
                 of
                 the
                 same
                 Figure
                 :
                 They
                 mount
                 to
                 it
                 by
                 four
                 ample
                 Marble
                 pair
                 of
                 Stayrs
                 ,
                 where
                 are
                 four
                 spatious
                 Chambers
                 worth
                 seeing
                 for
                 the
                 fair
                 Columns
                 which
                 seem
                 of
                 an
                 excellent
                 Marble
                 called
                 Paris
                 .
                 From
                 each
                 of
                 which
                 one
                 may
                 behold
                 various
                 prosp●…cts
                 ,
                 from
                 one
                 an
                 
                   immense
                   campagna
                
                 ,
                 another
                 the
                 large
                 Theatre
                 and
                 Town
                 ,
                 the
                 third
                 mountains
                 over
                 Mountains
                 ,
                 the
                 Fourth
                 Land
                 intermixt
                 with
                 Waters
                 ,
                 so
                 that
                 the
                 eye
                 rests
                 marvelously
                 contented
                 .
                 The
                 round
                 of
                 the
                 said
                 Hall
                 garnished
                 with
                 Figures
                 of
                 Plaister
                 of
                 Paris
                 ,
                 and
                 Pictures
                 and
                 bordered
                 with
                 gold
                 ,
                 receives
                 its
                 Light
                 from
                 the
                 Top
                 like
                 the
                 Pantheon
                 of
                 Rome
                 .
                 The
                 Chambers
                 are
                 all
                 guilt
                 &
                 mingled
                 with
                 Histories
                 of
                 excellent
                 Invention
                 and
                 Pictures
                 drawn
                 by
                 the
                 hand
                 of
                 
                   Alessandro
                   Maga●…a
                
                 a
                 
                   Vicentine
                   ,
                   Palladius
                
                 made
                 this
                 his
                 Masterpiece
                 ,
                 for
                 t
                 is
                 so
                 contrived
                 that
                 it
                 conteyn●…
                 Geometrically
                 a
                 Round
                 ,
                 a
                 Cross
                 ,
                 and
                 a
                 Square
                 :
                 And
                 if
                 in
                 any
                 place
                 the
                 Heavens
                 seem
                 to
                 display
                 their
                 eternal
                 Beauty
                 ,
                 more
                 than
                 in
                 other
                 ,
                 t
                 is
                 there
                 .
                 They
                 use
                 to
                 say
                 that
                 Apollo
                 and
                 the
                 Sisters
                 with
                 their
                 Chorus
                 so
                 journ
                 there
                 ,
                 And
                 that
                 Bacchu●…
                 resides
                 in
                 his
                 deep
                 Seliars
                 ;
                 which
                 are
                 so
                 vast
                 ,
                 and
                 filled
                 with
                 the
                 best
                 wines
                 ,
                 and
                 they
                 with
                 so
                 much
                 liber●…lity
                 and
                 bounty
                 free
                 to
                 all
                 persons
                 ,
                 That
                 they
                 must
                 not
                 be
                 passed
                 without
                 a
                 visit
                 :
                 nor
                 the
                 Gardens
                 filled
                 with
                 Citrons
                 and
                 all
                 sorts
                 of
                 outlandish
                 Flowers
                 :
                 all
                 which
                 are
                 splendidly
                 governed
                 and
                 freely
                 shewed
                 to
                 all
                 Strangers
                 with
                 all
                 kind
                 acceptance
                 from
                 the
                 Patrons
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 passage
                 over
                 the
                 Park
                 of
                 Longara
                 planted
                 with
                 incomparable
                 fruits
                 by
                 the
                 said
                 Counts
                 ,
                 will
                 not
                 appear
                 tedious
                 at
                 your
                 arrival
                 at
                 Custoza
                 ,
                 beautified
                 with
                 the
                 Acqu●…ducts
                 for
                 wind
                 ,
                 which
                 driving
                 the
                 Fresoo
                 upon
                 the
                 Palaces
                 exceedingly
                 temperate
                 the
                 heat
                 of
                 the
                 
                 Sun
                 in
                 Leo
                 ,
                 together
                 with
                 the
                 most
                 cool
                 Wines
                 ,
                 kept
                 in
                 those
                 great
                 Cavernes
                 in
                 Snow
                 :
                 whose
                 dry
                 and
                 wholsome
                 Ayr
                 (
                 though
                 as
                 t
                 were
                 congeled
                 )
                 makes
                 them
                 be
                 infinitely
                 frequented
                 in
                 the
                 Summer
                 ,
                 as
                 a
                 most
                 singular
                 delight
                 and
                 without
                 a
                 Parallel
                 .
              
               
                 On
                 the
                 right
                 hand
                 of
                 Custoza
                 having
                 traversed
                 the
                 Bridge
                 Bacchiglione
                 and
                 drawing
                 some
                 miles
                 towards
                 Padoua
                 ,
                 is
                 seen
                 the
                 Castle
                 of
                 Montegalda
                 ,
                 formerly
                 an
                 important
                 Frontier
                 against
                 the
                 enemies
                 ,
                 but
                 now
                 by
                 the
                 benefit
                 of
                 this
                 Peace
                 become
                 more
                 like
                 to
                 the
                 Castle
                 of
                 Alcina
                 ,
                 the
                 storehouse
                 for
                 the
                 Munition
                 ,
                 being
                 now
                 applyed
                 to
                 conteyn
                 waters
                 for
                 the
                 use
                 of
                 artificial
                 fountains
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Ditches
                 converted
                 into
                 walks
                 planted
                 with
                 Citron
                 and
                 Orange
                 Trees
                 ,
                 whose
                 blossoms
                 afford
                 a
                 most
                 pleasant
                 odour
                 into
                 the
                 Palaces
                 ;
                 but
                 not
                 to
                 come
                 to
                 near
                 Padoua
                 already
                 so
                 fully
                 visited
                 ,
                 let
                 us
                 return
                 by
                 
                   Custoza
                   ▪
                
                 again
                 to
                 Vicenza
                 ,
                 and
                 in
                 the
                 way
                 thereto
                 leading
                 by
                 the
                 River
                 side
                 ,
                 between
                 it
                 and
                 the
                 Mountains
                 behold
                 the
                 
                   Vicariate
                   Barbatona
                
                 ,
                 whose
                 Hils
                 called
                 Alcini
                 a
                 little
                 hanging
                 and
                 receiving
                 the
                 heat
                 of
                 the
                 Sun
                 at
                 high
                 Noon
                 ,
                 afford
                 those
                 delitious
                 wines
                 esteemed
                 only
                 fit
                 for
                 the
                 Palate
                 of
                 an
                 Emperor
                 called
                 
                   Monte
                   Alcino
                
                 .
              
               
                 From
                 Vicenza
                 desiring
                 to
                 go
                 to
                 Ferrara
                 ,
                 they
                 travail
                 by
                 Poiana
                 which
                 terminates
                 the
                 confines
                 on
                 that
                 side
                 ,
                 where
                 the
                 most
                 Noble
                 Palace
                 of
                 the
                 Count
                 of
                 Poiana
                 most
                 worthy
                 of
                 its
                 Builder
                 Palladius
                 ,
                 and
                 furnished
                 with
                 excellent
                 Pictures
                 ,
                 deserves
                 a
                 serious
                 view
                 .
              
               
                 A
                 mile
                 forth
                 of
                 the
                 Gate
                 of
                 Saint
                 Bartolemeo
                 ,
                 stands
                 the
                 Palace
                 of
                 Circolo
                 ,
                 appertaining
                 to
                 the
                 Count
                 
                   Pompeoi
                   Triffino
                
                 built
                 after
                 the
                 modern
                 Architecture
                 by
                 his
                 Grandsir
                 
                   Giovan
                   Ciorgio
                
                 ,
                 a
                 famous
                 Poet
                 ,
                 and
                 no
                 less
                 skilled
                 in
                 this
                 Art
                 ,
                 than
                 in
                 all
                 others
                 ,
                 as
                 well
                 as
                 the
                 liberal
                 Sciences
                 ,
                 which
                 deserves
                 a
                 visit
                 for
                 its
                 compact
                 structure
                 and
                 excellent
                 Invention
                 :
                 whence
                 advancing
                 over
                 a
                 fair
                 plain
                 ,
                 one
                 reaches
                 at
                 some
                 miles
                 distance
                 the
                 pleasant
                 Country
                 of
                 Breganza
                 ,
                 famous
                 for
                 its
                 sweet
                 and
                 flavorous
                 wines
                 .
              
               
                 Turning
                 on
                 the
                 left
                 hand
                 a
                 rough
                 Country
                 conducts
                 one
                 to
                 Maarostica
                 ,
                 a
                 Seat
                 for
                 a
                 Podesta
                 ,
                 and
                 a
                 large
                 Castle
                 ,
                 the
                 Country
                 and
                 Birth
                 place
                 of
                 
                   Angelo
                   Mateaccio
                
                 ,
                 a
                 most
                 learned
                 Man
                 ,
                 and
                 Reader
                 of
                 the
                 Civil
                 Lawes
                 for
                 a
                 long
                 time
                 in
                 Padoua
                 ,
                 at
                 the
                 same
                 time
                 ,
                 
                   Alessandrio
                   Massaria
                
                 ,
                 was
                 Chief
                 Reader
                 in
                 Phisick
                 ,
                 and
                 of
                 the
                 
                   Conte
                   de
                   Monte
                
                 ,
                 both
                 Vicentines
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Escu●…pii
                 of
                 this
                 our
                 Age
                 ,
                 and
                 from
                 Marostica
                 ,
                 at
                 three
                 miles
                 distance
                 ,
                 is
                 seated
                 Bassano
                 ,
                 now
                 out
                 of
                 its
                 Territories
                 ,
                 heretofore
                 comprehended
                 in
                 them
                 ,
                 and
                 to
                 this
                 day
                 in
                 Spirituals
                 governed
                 by
                 the
                 Bishop
                 of
                 Vicenza
                 .
              
               
                 On
                 that
                 part
                 of
                 Breganze
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 washed
                 with
                 the
                 Aflico
                 is
                 Scituated
                 Lonedo
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Palace
                 of
                 the
                 Signory
                 
                   Co●…to
                   Alessandro
                
                 ,
                 and
                 
                   Girolamo
                   Godi
                
                 ,
                 built
                 at
                 excessive
                 expence
                 on
                 those
                 Craggy
                 places
                 ,
                 whereto
                 ascended
                 (
                 though
                 with
                 much
                 pains
                 and
                 some
                 sweat
                 )
                 t
                 is
                 compared
                 to
                 the
                 Mount
                 of
                 Virtue
                 ;
                 for
                 that
                 having
                 gained
                 the
                 Top
                 ,
                 there
                 is
                 found
                 what
                 may
                 restore
                 one
                 with
                 such
                 plenty
                 and
                 gentleness
                 ,
                 that
                 it
                 may
                 be
                 said
                 the
                 Goddess
                 Abondantia
                 ,
                 there
                 had
                 emptied
                 her
                 Basket.
                 The
                 Architecture
                 is
                 most
                 exact
                 ,
                 the
                 Pictures
                 of
                 excellent
                 hands
                 ,
                 the
                 Prospects
                 wonderfull
                 ,
                 the
                 Fountains
                 Beautifull
                 and
                 the
                 Cittrons
                 and
                 sweet
                 Flowers
                 for
                 all
                 seasons
                 not
                 despicable
                 ,
                 but
                 above
                 all
                 the
                 affableness
                 and
                 Civilities
                 with
                 which
                 the
                 Padro●…i
                 treat
                 all
                 Srangers
                 ,
                 is
                 most
                 to
                 be
                 admited
                 .
              
               
                 Through
                 the
                 Gate
                 
                   Santo
                   Croce
                
                 ,
                 they
                 travel
                 to
                 Trento
                 ,
                 the
                 Country
                 
                 whereto
                 is
                 bounded
                 with
                 a
                 continued
                 List
                 of
                 little
                 Hills
                 which
                 afford
                 most
                 delitious
                 Wines
                 ,
                 till
                 arrived
                 at
                 Schio
                 ,
                 where
                 they
                 mount
                 on
                 very
                 cragged
                 waies
                 .
              
               
                 Schio
                 is
                 a
                 principal
                 Town
                 ,
                 Seated
                 at
                 the
                 feet
                 of
                 those
                 Mountaines
                 ,
                 at
                 15.
                 miles
                 distance
                 from
                 the
                 City
                 ,
                 filled
                 with
                 Merchandize
                 and
                 modities
                 ;
                 it
                 conteins
                 five
                 thousand
                 Souls
                 ,
                 a
                 People
                 neat
                 and
                 civil
                 as
                 well
                 as
                 Warlike
                 .
                 It
                 gave
                 birth
                 to
                 
                   Giovan
                   Paolo
                   Mamfrone
                
                 ,
                 who
                 from
                 a
                 private
                 Souldier
                 arose
                 to
                 the
                 chiefest
                 honors
                 in
                 Wars
                 ,
                 and
                 both
                 he
                 and
                 his
                 Son
                 Giulio
                 are
                 not
                 a
                 little
                 famed
                 for
                 their
                 excellent
                 Conduct
                 and
                 valour
                 ,
                 in
                 Histories
                 .
              
               
                 Through
                 the
                 same
                 Gate
                 taking
                 the
                 
                   Strada
                   militare
                
                 ,
                 at
                 ten
                 miles
                 Journey
                 ,
                 presents
                 it self
                 Tiene
                 ,
                 a
                 noble
                 Town
                 ,
                 in
                 a
                 most
                 pleasing
                 scite
                 ,
                 and
                 not
                 a
                 little
                 beautified
                 by
                 the
                 Palace
                 ,
                 of
                 the
                 Count
                 
                   Francesco
                   Porta
                
                 ,
                 which
                 though
                 built
                 after
                 the
                 antient
                 Architecture
                 is
                 nevertheless
                 full
                 of
                 Majesty
                 :
                 beautified
                 with
                 springs
                 of
                 running
                 water
                 ,
                 Labyrinths
                 ,
                 spacious
                 Gardens
                 ,
                 Citron
                 and
                 Orange
                 Trees
                 ,
                 and
                 an
                 Ayr
                 pure
                 and
                 sweet
                 ,
                 even
                 to
                 ravishing
                 admiration
                 .
              
               
                 Two
                 mile
                 further
                 ,
                 upon
                 the
                 raised
                 Hillock
                 of
                 Carè
                 ,
                 is
                 lately
                 erected
                 the
                 Romitorio
                 ,
                 by
                 the
                 Charity
                 and
                 free
                 gifts
                 of
                 the
                 Peaseants
                 of
                 
                   Romiti
                   Camladolensi
                
                 ,
                 whose
                 situation
                 with
                 their
                 quotidian
                 industry
                 and
                 labour
                 ,
                 must
                 soon
                 render
                 the
                 place
                 such
                 ,
                 and
                 so
                 beautifull
                 ,
                 that
                 it
                 may
                 dispute
                 the
                 Palm
                 with
                 the
                 chief
                 houses
                 of
                 Religion
                 .
              
               
                 From
                 Piovene
                 a
                 large
                 Town
                 coasting
                 the
                 
                   Monte
                   summanno
                
                 and
                 the
                 Torrent
                 of
                 Astice
                 ,
                 by
                 the
                 confines
                 of
                 Furni
                 ,
                 one
                 arrives
                 at
                 Trento
                 ,
                 by
                 a
                 very
                 ill
                 way
                 ,
                 only
                 capable
                 of
                 Horses
                 :
                 at
                 28
                 miles
                 end
                 .
                 Along
                 the
                 Astico
                 ,
                 (
                 where
                 they
                 take
                 red
                 Trouts
                 ,
                 )
                 may
                 be
                 seen
                 those
                 Edifices
                 ,
                 wherein
                 is
                 mrde
                 writing
                 paper
                 ,
                 the
                 Furnaces
                 and
                 Forges
                 for
                 Iron
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 sawes
                 which
                 being
                 drove
                 by
                 the
                 Waters
                 ,
                 saw
                 that
                 Timber
                 and
                 reduce
                 it
                 to
                 forms
                 ,
                 which
                 in
                 great
                 abundance
                 grows
                 on
                 these
                 Mountains
                 ,
                 which
                 also
                 serve
                 for
                 the
                 feeding
                 their
                 Flocks
                 and
                 Herds
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Summano
                 is
                 famed
                 for
                 its
                 rare
                 simples
                 ,
                 and
                 for
                 the
                 Temple
                 of
                 Mary
                 the
                 Virgin
                 ,
                 which
                 (
                 according
                 to
                 common
                 belief
                 )
                 was
                 heretofore
                 dedicated
                 to
                 the
                 God
                 Summano
                 ,
                 which
                 Idol
                 being
                 destroyed
                 by
                 Saint
                 Prosdocimo
                 ,
                 the
                 Temple
                 was
                 consecrated
                 to
                 the
                 Mother
                 of
                 God.
                 Some
                 yeers
                 since
                 was
                 found
                 there
                 a
                 most
                 antique
                 Stone
                 engraven
                 with
                 Roman
                 Letters
                 ,
                 which
                 by
                 the
                 Learned
                 is
                 intepreted
                 thus
                 .
                 
                   Palemon
                   Vicentinus
                   Latinae
                   Linguae
                   Lumen
                
                 .
                 And
                 gives
                 confidence
                 that
                 Palemon
                 was
                 buried
                 there
                 ,
                 which
                 
                   Rhemio
                   Palemon
                
                 the
                 Vicentine
                 ,
                 flourished
                 in
                 the
                 time
                 of
                 Augustus
                 ,
                 in
                 Grammar
                 and
                 Rhetorick
                 ,
                 when
                 those
                 professions
                 ,
                 were
                 in
                 much
                 more
                 esteem
                 than
                 at
                 this
                 day
                 ,
                 the
                 very
                 Emperours
                 in
                 those
                 dayes
                 not
                 disdaining
                 to
                 assist
                 therein
                 .
              
               
                 From
                 Piovene
                 you
                 ascend
                 to
                 the
                 
                   Sette
                   Communi
                
                 ,
                 which
                 are
                 seven
                 Villages
                 filled
                 with
                 a
                 great
                 number
                 of
                 most
                 fierce
                 People
                 dwelling
                 on
                 those
                 Mountains
                 ,
                 whom
                 one
                 would
                 think
                 created
                 by
                 Nature
                 for
                 a
                 Parapet
                 to
                 the
                 Vicentines
                 ,
                 against
                 the
                 incursions
                 of
                 the
                 Germans
                 ,
                 Their
                 Language
                 is
                 so
                 strange
                 ,
                 that
                 though
                 it
                 approach
                 the
                 German
                 as
                 much
                 as
                 it
                 can
                 ,
                 yet
                 the
                 sharpness
                 of
                 their
                 pronunciation
                 ,
                 renders
                 it
                 unintelligible
                 even
                 to
                 the
                 Germans
                 ;
                 some
                 think
                 they
                 were
                 the
                 Reliques
                 of
                 the
                 Gothes
                 :
                 They
                 enjoy
                 many
                 exemptions
                 for
                 their
                 fidelity
                 to
                 their
                 Prince
                 and
                 the
                 City
                 .
              
               
                 Maximilian
                 ,
                 the
                 Emperour
                 ,
                 in
                 February
                 1508.
                 attempted
                 by
                 this
                 
                 part
                 to
                 surprise
                 Vice●…
                 with
                 a
                 flying
                 Army
                 descending
                 from
                 Trento
                 ,
                 but
                 the
                 noise
                 thereof
                 spread
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Peaseants
                 raised
                 ,
                 by
                 Girolamo
                 ,
                 and
                 
                   Christofero
                   Capra
                
                 ,
                 with
                 others
                 of
                 their
                 Family
                 in
                 Piedment
                 ,
                 who
                 having
                 possessed
                 themselves
                 of
                 the
                 narrow
                 passes
                 of
                 Asiago
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 F●…rni
                 with
                 five
                 hundred
                 Souldiers
                 of
                 their
                 party
                 opposed
                 his
                 Army
                 ,
                 compelling
                 them
                 with
                 much
                 slaughter
                 to
                 a
                 dishonourable
                 retreat
                 :
                 Their
                 Readiness
                 and
                 Valour
                 in
                 which
                 action
                 was
                 greatly
                 acknowleged
                 by
                 the
                 Venetian
                 Senate
                 ,
              
               
                 In
                 Sum
                 ,
                 All
                 its
                 Territories
                 are
                 most
                 beautifull
                 ,
                 the
                 Hills
                 contending
                 with
                 the
                 Valleys
                 ,
                 for
                 fertility
                 and
                 goodness
                 :
                 The
                 wines
                 (
                 there
                 growing
                 in
                 great
                 Plenty
                 )
                 are
                 esteemed
                 without
                 compare
                 the
                 best
                 of
                 all
                 these
                 Countreys
                 ,
                 which
                 occasioned
                 the
                 Proverb
                 ,
                 
                   Vin
                   Vicentin
                   ,
                   &c.
                
                 with
                 that
                 variety
                 of
                 Colour
                 and
                 Tast
                 (
                 a
                 rare
                 thing
                 )
                 that
                 both
                 Winter
                 and
                 Summer
                 ,
                 the
                 most
                 delicate
                 Palate
                 may
                 meet
                 its
                 full
                 satisfaction
                 :
                 There
                 being
                 Wine
                 sweet
                 and
                 sharp
                 ,
                 which
                 please
                 and
                 cut
                 ,
                 Aromatick
                 ,
                 and
                 Fragrant
                 ,
                 Stomachal
                 and
                 brisk
                 ,
                 with
                 a
                 hundred
                 other
                 real
                 differences
                 ,
                 all
                 most
                 digestible
                 healthfull
                 and
                 gratefull
                 to
                 the
                 Palate
                 .
                 It
                 produceth
                 Corn
                 of
                 all
                 sorts
                 ,
                 Pears
                 ,
                 Apples
                 ,
                 and
                 all
                 other
                 Fruits
                 for
                 every
                 Moneth
                 in
                 great
                 abundance
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Peasants
                 have
                 such
                 infinite
                 numbers
                 of
                 Calves
                 and
                 Kids
                 that
                 they
                 supply
                 half
                 Venice
                 ,
                 whither
                 the
                 conveniency
                 of
                 Water
                 and
                 cariage
                 invites
                 them
                 to
                 vent
                 the
                 superfluities
                 thereof
                 ,
                 as
                 also
                 their
                 admirable
                 Venison
                 ,
                 Partridges
                 ,
                 Pheasants
                 ,
                 God
                 wits
                 ,
                 Quailes
                 ,
                 and
                 Quoists
                 ;
                 and
                 although
                 their
                 Fining
                 is
                 not
                 equal
                 to
                 their
                 Fouling
                 ,
                 yet
                 they
                 want
                 not
                 ,
                 either
                 red
                 or
                 white
                 Trouts
                 ,
                 Lampreys
                 or
                 other
                 Stone-fish
                 ,
                 besides
                 what
                 certain
                 Lakes
                 afford
                 of
                 excellent
                 sorts
                 .
              
               
                 They
                 much
                 inrich
                 themselves
                 by
                 the
                 Craft
                 there
                 much
                 used
                 ,
                 as
                 well
                 within
                 ,
                 as
                 without
                 the
                 City
                 ,
                 of
                 making
                 Cotton
                 Clothes
                 ,
                 which
                 are
                 esteemed
                 no
                 loss
                 for
                 their
                 goodness
                 than
                 whiteness
                 .
              
               
                 They
                 have
                 likewise
                 great
                 quantities
                 of
                 Silk-worms
                 ,
                 and
                 therefore
                 t
                 is
                 that
                 their
                 Countrey
                 is
                 so
                 well
                 planted
                 with
                 Mulbery-Trees
                 whereof
                 the
                 Wo●…s
                 feed
                 ,
                 and
                 thereof
                 they
                 extract
                 at
                 least
                 500000.
                 
                 Crowns
                 a
                 yeer
                 ,
                 distributing
                 them
                 to
                 all
                 Merchants
                 that
                 resort
                 thither
                 for
                 them
                 ,
                 which
                 much
                 adds
                 to
                 their
                 Riches
                 ;
                 here
                 also
                 they
                 fetch
                 Fullers
                 Earth
                 for
                 many
                 uses
                 into
                 several
                 Countreys
                 ,
                 as
                 also
                 the
                 Sand
                 ,
                 wherewith
                 at
                 Venice
                 they
                 pollish
                 their
                 Looking
                 Glasses
                 .
              
               
                 Trento
                 affords
                 them
                 some
                 mines
                 of
                 Silver
                 ,
                 and
                 Iron
                 ,
                 but
                 much
                 Stone
                 for
                 all
                 sorts
                 of
                 Structures
                 ,
                 some
                 whereof
                 for
                 their
                 hardnese
                 are
                 compared
                 to
                 the
                 Istrian
                 Stone
                 ,
                 and
                 others
                 for
                 their
                 fineness
                 to
                 the
                 Marble
                 of
                 Carrara
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 conveniences
                 of
                 Tymber
                 ,
                 Stone
                 ,
                 Sand
                 ,
                 and
                 unslacked
                 Lime
                 ,
                 considered
                 with
                 their
                 active
                 and
                 ingenuous
                 Natures
                 ,
                 together
                 with
                 the
                 laboriousness
                 of
                 the
                 Peasants
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 beauty
                 and
                 variety
                 of
                 Sites
                 ,
                 is
                 that
                 which
                 nourisheth
                 so
                 much
                 the
                 Art
                 and
                 discipline
                 in
                 their
                 Workmen
                 of
                 the
                 Architecture
                 of
                 〈◊〉
                 .
              
               
                 Whence
                 Botero
                 deservedly
                 accounts
                 this
                 Province
                 for
                 one
                 of
                 the
                 four
                 most
                 delitious
                 and
                 rich
                 Provinces
                 of
                 Italy
                 .
                 It
                 s
                 Ayr
                 being
                 so
                 pure
                 and
                 healthfull
                 ,
                 that
                 they
                 reach
                 great
                 Ages
                 ,
                 besides
                 that
                 this
                 Cli●…t
                 in
                 all
                 Ages
                 hath
                 produced
                 Men
                 eminent
                 ,
                 no
                 less
                 or
                 Learning
                 than
                 Ar●…s
                 ,
                 as
                 appears
                 in
                 the
                 Histories
                 ,
                 and
                 enclines
                 the
                 ordinary
                 sort
                 to
                 a
                 certain
                 Spriteness
                 and
                 aptness
                 to
                 all
                 occupations
                 and
                 exercises
                 .
              
               
               
                 In
                 its
                 Territory
                 ,
                 they
                 number
                 one
                 hundred
                 and
                 three
                 score
                 thousand
                 Souls
                 :
                 which
                 added
                 to
                 them
                 of
                 the
                 City
                 ,
                 amounts
                 to
                 two
                 hundred
                 thousand
                 ,
                 dispersed
                 into
                 250.
                 
                 Towns
                 and
                 Villages
                 ,
                 which
                 are
                 governed
                 by
                 two
                 Podesta'es
                 ,
                 and
                 eleven
                 Vicariats
                 ,
                 Noble
                 Venetians
                 ,
                 and
                 Noble
                 Vicentines
                 ,
                 whose
                 Jurisdictions
                 ,
                 are
                 limited
                 to
                 civil
                 matters
                 ,
                 only
                 :
                 Criminal
                 Causes
                 being
                 wholly
                 reserved
                 to
                 the
                 Consulary
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Prince
                 draws
                 from
                 Vicenza
                 ,
                 eighty
                 thousand
                 Duckats
                 annually
                 without
                 the
                 least
                 charge
                 ;
                 and
                 makes
                 the
                 Province
                 to
                 maintain
                 three
                 thousand
                 select
                 ,
                 and
                 well
                 disciplined
                 Foot
                 ,
                 under
                 four
                 Captains
                 ,
                 who
                 alwaies
                 reside
                 at
                 their
                 several
                 Quarters
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 City
                 one
                 thousand
                 Muske●…teers
                 :
                 Also
                 for
                 the
                 urgent
                 necessity
                 of
                 War
                 ,
                 they
                 have
                 made
                 a
                 new
                 calculation
                 of
                 such
                 persons
                 as
                 are
                 fit
                 to
                 bear
                 Arms
                 from
                 18
                 yeers
                 old
                 to
                 20.
                 and
                 they
                 have
                 thereupon
                 enrolled
                 in
                 a
                 Book
                 the
                 names
                 of
                 16000.
                 flourishing
                 brave
                 Youths
                 :
                 Its
                 Territory
                 ,
                 is
                 one
                 hundred
                 and
                 fifty
                 miles
                 in
                 circumference
                 .
              
               
                 Vicenza
                 is
                 distant
                 from
                 Padoua
                 18.
                 miles
                 ,
                 from
                 Venice
                 43.
                 from
                 Verona
                 ,
                 30.
                 from
                 Mantoua
                 ,
                 50.
                 from
                 Trent
                 ,
                 44.
                 from
                 Treviso
                 ,
                 33.
                 
              
               
                 Thus
                 for
                 a
                 conclusion
                 ,
                 we
                 may
                 with
                 truth
                 affirm
                 ,
                 that
                 reflecting
                 on
                 their
                 Political
                 State
                 ,
                 the
                 strength
                 of
                 the
                 City
                 ,
                 which
                 consists
                 not
                 so
                 much
                 in
                 the
                 circuit
                 of
                 the
                 Walls
                 ,
                 as
                 the
                 Liberty
                 and
                 amplitude
                 of
                 its
                 Territory
                 ,
                 Their
                 riches
                 and
                 the
                 number
                 ,
                 Valour
                 ,
                 and
                 gallantry
                 ,
                 of
                 their
                 People
                 :
                 Vicenza
                 will
                 find
                 few
                 Cities
                 equal
                 ,
                 and
                 consequently
                 will
                 find
                 no
                 small
                 esteem
                 from
                 a
                 wise
                 Prince
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 VERONA
                 The
                 Antient.
                 
              
               
                 T
                 Is
                 the
                 Vulgar
                 Criticism
                 on
                 this
                 name
                 ,
                 that
                 syllabilzed
                 ,
                 It
                 comprehends
                 the
                 three
                 first
                 syllables
                 of
                 the
                 three
                 head
                 Cities
                 of
                 
                   Italy
                   Ve
                   Venetia
                   ,
                   Ro
                   Roma
                   ,
                   Na
                   Napoli
                   ,
                
                 others
                 more
                 stricty
                 interpret
                 that
                 whatecer
                 may
                 be
                 found
                 in
                 those
                 three
                 Cities
                 abounds
                 there
                 .
                 Verona
                 is
                 reckoned
                 amongst
                 the
                 most
                 Noble
                 Cities
                 of
                 Italy
                 :
                 Built
                 long
                 since
                 by
                 the
                 Toscanes
                 ,
                 &
                 was
                 one
                 of
                 the
                 twelve
                 ,
                 by
                 them
                 cmōanded
                 on
                 this
                 side
                 the
                 Apenines
                 ,
                 The
                 Galli
                 Cenomani
                 peopled
                 it
                 having
                 beat
                 out
                 the
                 Toscanes
                 .
                 It
                 s
                 name
                 (
                 as
                 some
                 other
                 say
                 )
                 was
                 taken
                 from
                 an
                 antient
                 Noble
                 Family
                 of
                 the
                 Toscanes
                 called
                 Vera.
                 It
                 is
                 seated
                 near
                 the
                 Mountains
                 towards
                 the
                 South
                 ,
                 as
                 t
                 were
                 in
                 a
                 plain
                 ,
                 and
                 is
                 in
                 form
                 little
                 less
                 than
                 a
                 Square
                 :
                 In
                 the
                 time
                 of
                 
                   Augustus
                   Caesar
                
                 ,
                 it
                 was
                 much
                 larger
                 ,
                 as
                 many
                 inducements
                 make
                 us
                 believe
                 ,
                 among
                 others
                 ,
                 That
                 t
                 is
                 written
                 they
                 used
                 to
                 set
                 forth
                 50000
                 Souldiers
                 ,
                 which
                 appears
                 no
                 great
                 wonder
                 since
                 
                   Cornelius
                   Tacitus
                
                 called
                 Ostilia
                 ,
                 a
                 Burrough
                 thereof
                 ,
                 though
                 now
                 distant
                 from
                 it
                 30.
                 miles
                 ,
                 we
                 may
                 thence
                 conclude
                 ,
                 they
                 numbred
                 200000.
                 
                 Souls
                 ,
                 Martial
                 calls
                 her
                 great
                 ,
                 and
                 Strabo
                 most
                 great
                 .
                 It
                 s
                 situation
                 is
                 very
                 strong
                 by
                 Nature
                 ,
                 yet
                 the
                 Venetians
                 have
                 made
                 it
                 now
                 accounted
                 impregnable
                 ,
                 through
                 the
                 many
                 wonderfull
                 Fortifications
                 of
                 Bastions
                 ,
                 Bulwarks
                 ,
                 Castles
                 ,
                 Towers
                 ,
                 Counterscarpes
                 ,
                 added
                 by
                 them
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 deep
                 and
                 large
                 Dykes
                 ,
                 kept
                 full
                 by
                 the
                 River
                 Adice
                 .
              
               
                 It
                 hath
                 one
                 Fort
                 in
                 the
                 Plain
                 Country
                 near
                 the
                 River
                 ,
                 and
                 two
                 in
                 the
                 Mountains
                 ,
                 the
                 one
                 named
                 
                   San
                   Felice
                
                 the
                 other
                 a
                 more
                 modern
                 ,
                 called
                 
                   San
                   Angelo
                
                 :
                 the
                 which
                 guards
                 the
                 Plain
                 ,
                 and
                 aptly
                 repels
                 the
                 furious
                 assaults
                 of
                 any
                 Enemies
                 .
                 It
                 hath
                 five
                 Gates
                 no
                 less
                 strong
                 
                 then
                 adorned
                 with
                 Sculptures
                 ,
                 Collumns
                 ,
                 Statues
                 ,
                 and
                 other
                 fair
                 Marbles
                 .
                 Besides
                 ,
                 in
                 the
                 City
                 are
                 many
                 things
                 from
                 whence
                 may
                 be
                 gathered
                 .
                 That
                 it
                 hath
                 been
                 a
                 most
                 antient
                 and
                 Noble
                 City
                 :
                 Under
                 the
                 Castle
                 of
                 
                   San
                   Pietro
                
                 ,
                 they
                 yet
                 shew
                 the
                 great
                 foundations
                 of
                 a
                 Theatre
                 with
                 the
                 entire
                 doors
                 of
                 the
                 Scene
                 ,
                 as
                 also
                 the
                 Signal
                 of
                 that
                 place
                 which
                 was
                 antiently
                 deputed
                 for
                 the
                 Naval
                 Fights
                 ,
                 in
                 that
                 place
                 ,
                 where
                 now
                 is
                 the
                 Orchards
                 of
                 the
                 Fathers
                 Dominicans
                 .
                 In
                 the
                 
                   Piazza
                   de
                   〈◊〉
                
                 ,
                 stands
                 the
                 most
                 antique
                 and
                 great
                 Fabrick
                 ,
                 the
                 Amphitheatre
                 built
                 of
                 square
                 Marble
                 Stones
                 ,
                 called
                 by
                 the
                 Veronei
                 the
                 Arena
                 .
                 The
                 outward
                 wall
                 ,
                 whereof
                 had
                 four
                 fair
                 Rows
                 of
                 Pillars
                 Arches
                 and
                 Windows
                 ,
                 composed
                 of
                 four
                 forts
                 of
                 Architecture
                 ,
                 that
                 is
                 to
                 say
                 ,
                 one
                 Dorick
                 ,
                 one
                 Ionick
                 ,
                 one
                 Corinthian
                 ,
                 and
                 one
                 mixed
                 with
                 good
                 order
                 ,
                 being
                 a
                 Structure
                 not
                 less
                 fair
                 than
                 high
                 ,
                 as
                 may
                 be
                 credited
                 from
                 that
                 little
                 part
                 which
                 yet
                 is
                 a
                 foot
                 .
                 The
                 Barbarous
                 who
                 sacked
                 Italy
                 ,
                 disrobed
                 it
                 of
                 all
                 the
                 Marble
                 Stones
                 and
                 Ornaments
                 of
                 the
                 exteriour
                 circuit
                 ,
                 even
                 to
                 the
                 foundations
                 wherewith
                 to
                 adorn
                 their
                 other
                 Structures
                 leaving
                 that
                 so
                 Noble
                 work
                 ,
                 deprived
                 of
                 all
                 its
                 Majesty
                 ;
                 howbeit
                 from
                 those
                 small
                 reliques
                 remaining
                 ,
                 one
                 may
                 take
                 a
                 judgement
                 of
                 the
                 grandure
                 and
                 quality
                 of
                 the
                 rest
                 ,
                 as
                 easily
                 ,
                 as
                 from
                 the
                 nails
                 may
                 be
                 guessed
                 what
                 creature
                 a
                 Lyon
                 is
                 ,
                 because
                 the
                 Reason
                 and
                 art
                 of
                 Architecture
                 ,
                 and
                 circular
                 proportions
                 make
                 it
                 easily
                 comprehended
                 ;
                 that
                 every
                 one
                 of
                 the
                 said
                 Orders
                 or
                 degrees
                 of
                 the
                 exteriour
                 Wall
                 ,
                 had
                 seventy
                 two
                 parts
                 or
                 as
                 one
                 would
                 say
                 ,
                 Arches
                 and
                 as
                 many
                 Pillars
                 ;
                 and
                 from
                 the
                 void
                 places
                 in
                 the
                 third
                 order
                 ,
                 which
                 was
                 the
                 Corinthian
                 ,
                 one
                 may
                 know
                 that
                 there
                 were
                 144.
                 
                 Statues
                 between
                 the
                 Arches
                 ,
                 and
                 Pillars
                 ;
                 Being
                 entred
                 at
                 the
                 Porches
                 ,
                 which
                 within
                 encompass
                 the
                 whole
                 Fabrick
                 in
                 three
                 orders
                 ,
                 one
                 would
                 wonder
                 at
                 the
                 great
                 number
                 of
                 Stayrs
                 Steps
                 &
                 waies
                 ,
                 which
                 on
                 every
                 side
                 were
                 used
                 by
                 the
                 Spectators
                 to
                 go
                 in
                 and
                 out
                 without
                 disturbance
                 .
                 Who
                 might
                 altogether
                 (
                 although
                 a
                 great
                 multitude
                 )
                 mount
                 and
                 descend
                 with
                 great
                 facility
                 and
                 no
                 trouble
                 by
                 those
                 numberless
                 ways
                 In
                 the
                 midst
                 is
                 the
                 Arena
                 ,
                 and
                 t
                 is
                 a
                 noble
                 sight
                 to
                 behold
                 that
                 spatious
                 plain
                 of
                 an
                 Oveal
                 form
                 ,
                 34
                 perches
                 long
                 ,
                 and
                 22½
                 broad
                 ,
                 environed
                 with
                 42.
                 
                 Seats
                 ,
                 which
                 ly
                 gradati●…
                 ,
                 one
                 above
                 the
                 other
                 ,
                 still
                 extending
                 to
                 the
                 Top
                 ,
                 and
                 were
                 capable
                 of
                 23000.
                 
                 Persons
                 ,
                 which
                 might
                 sit
                 there
                 commodiously
                 ;
                 under
                 which
                 Seats
                 are
                 the
                 said
                 Steps
                 and
                 wayes
                 .
                 The
                 inward
                 part
                 also
                 was
                 despoiled
                 by
                 the
                 barbarous
                 of
                 all
                 its
                 Marble
                 Seats
                 ,
                 though
                 at
                 present
                 the
                 Citizens
                 of
                 Verona
                 ,
                 at
                 their
                 proper
                 expence
                 have
                 restored
                 that
                 ,
                 and
                 adorned
                 it
                 as
                 formerly
                 ,
                 and
                 at
                 certain
                 times
                 use
                 to
                 shew
                 to
                 the
                 people
                 Games
                 ,
                 and
                 huntings
                 ,
                 after
                 the
                 Antient
                 custom
                 .
                 We
                 find
                 not
                 in
                 authentique
                 Histories
                 who
                 founded
                 this
                 Noble
                 Fabrick
                 ,
                 but
                 
                   Torello
                   Saraino
                
                 ,
                 a
                 Venetian
                 ,
                 and
                 a
                 most
                 learned
                 man
                 ,
                 endeavours
                 to
                 prove
                 by
                 many
                 arguments
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 Theatre
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Arena
                 ,
                 were
                 built
                 under
                 
                   Caesar
                   Augustus
                
                 ,
                 one
                 whereof
                 is
                 that
                 we
                 evidently
                 find
                 in
                 
                   Suetonius
                   Augustus
                
                 ,
                 constituted
                 many
                 new
                 Colonies
                 through
                 Italy
                 ,
                 and
                 fought
                 to
                 enrich
                 and
                 adorn
                 many
                 of
                 the
                 old
                 ,
                 to
                 which
                 opinion
                 adds
                 ,
                 saith
                 a
                 certain
                 Chronicle
                 (
                 as
                 saies
                 Torello
                 )
                 wherein
                 t
                 is
                 written
                 that
                 the
                 Arena
                 was
                 built
                 in
                 the
                 twenty
                 second
                 yeer
                 of
                 the
                 Empire
                 of
                 that
                 Augustus
                 ;
                 with
                 whom
                 
                   Ciriaco
                   〈◊〉
                
                 disagrees
                 but
                 little
                 ,
                 who
                 in
                 his
                 Itinerary
                 of
                 Selavonia
                 collects
                 many
                 antiquities
                 of
                 Italy
                 ,
                 and
                 says
                 that
                 the
                 Arena
                 of
                 Verona
                 ,
                 called
                 by
                 him
                 
                 the
                 Laberinth
                 ,
                 was
                 built
                 in
                 the
                 3●…th
                 .
                 yeer
                 of
                 the
                 Empire
                 of
                 Augustus
                 .
                 But
                 Magino
                 the
                 most
                 excellent
                 and
                 celebrious
                 Mathematician
                 writes
                 much
                 otherwise
                 ,
                 for
                 in
                 his
                 description
                 of
                 the
                 Marquisate
                 of
                 Treeves
                 ,
                 under
                 Tolemeo
                 ,
                 fpeaking
                 of
                 Verona
                 ,
                 he
                 saith
                 ,
                 that
                 that
                 Amfitheatre
                 which
                 was
                 built
                 by
                 
                   L.
                   V.
                   Flaminius
                
                 in
                 Anno.
                 53.
                 
                 After
                 the
                 building
                 of
                 Rome
                 ,
                 &c.
                 
                 But
                 let
                 every
                 one
                 believe
                 hereof
                 as
                 he
                 pleaseth
                 ,
                 t
                 is
                 sufficient
                 that
                 the
                 Grandezza
                 ,
                 the
                 magnificencie
                 ,
                 and
                 nobleness
                 of
                 the
                 work
                 gives
                 to
                 understand
                 ,
                 that
                 it
                 was
                 erected
                 in
                 the
                 most
                 flourishing
                 days
                 of
                 the
                 Roman
                 Empire
                 ,
                 the
                 Majesty
                 ,
                 and
                 greatness
                 ,
                 whereof
                 it
                 much
                 represents
                 .
              
               
                 T
                 is
                 known
                 that
                 a
                 little
                 distant
                 thence
                 was
                 the
                 place
                 where
                 the
                 Sword
                 players
                 exercised
                 ,
                 and
                 to
                 this
                 day
                 are
                 to
                 be
                 seen
                 ,
                 the
                 footsteps
                 of
                 the
                 Arch
                 Triumphal
                 erected
                 in
                 honour
                 of
                 
                   C.
                   Marius
                
                 .
                 for
                 his
                 victory
                 over
                 the
                 Cimbrians
                 ,
                 in
                 the
                 Territories
                 of
                 Verona
                 ,
                 some
                 part
                 of
                 the
                 prospect
                 or
                 Front
                 of
                 the
                 antient
                 Piazza
                 ,
                 yet
                 remaining
                 ,
                 shews
                 it
                 to
                 have
                 been
                 of
                 excellent
                 Architecture
                 ,
                 T
                 is
                 said
                 that
                 there
                 was
                 the
                 
                   Via
                   Emilia
                
                 ,
                 the
                 Emilian
                 Way
                 ,
                 which
                 lead
                 to
                 
                   Rimeni
                   ,
                   Piacenza
                   ,
                   Verona
                
                 ,
                 and
                 to
                 Aquilegia
                 ,
                 where
                 appears
                 an
                 Arch
                 of
                 Marble
                 ,
                 Dedicated
                 to
                 Jupiter
                 ,
                 who
                 also
                 had
                 a
                 Temple
                 on
                 the
                 Hill
                 ,
                 the
                 foundations
                 whereof
                 are
                 now
                 extant
                 ruinated
                 by
                 time
                 ,
                 but
                 adorned
                 with
                 carved
                 Hierogloficks
                 .
              
               
                 In
                 the
                 
                   Via
                   Emilia
                
                 ,
                 were
                 many
                 four
                 squared
                 Arches
                 of
                 Marble
                 ,
                 three
                 whereof
                 ,
                 we
                 now
                 behold
                 ,
                 one
                 of
                 which
                 was
                 built
                 by
                 Vetruvius
                 and
                 shews
                 't
                 was
                 framed
                 with
                 true
                 rules
                 of
                 Architecture
                 .
                 In
                 Verona
                 are
                 many
                 other
                 Signes
                 ,
                 of
                 Venerable
                 Antiquity
                 ,
                 as
                 great
                 Ruins
                 of
                 her
                 Houses
                 ,
                 with
                 many
                 Chambers
                 adorned
                 with
                 figures
                 ,
                 composed
                 of
                 several
                 pieces
                 of
                 Stones
                 ,
                 of
                 Temples
                 ,
                 of
                 Arches
                 ,
                 Triumphals
                 ,
                 Palaces
                 ,
                 Aquiducts
                 ,
                 Collumns
                 ,
                 Statues
                 ,
                 Epitaphs
                 ,
                 Medals
                 ,
                 of
                 Gold
                 and
                 Silver
                 ,
                 Urns
                 and
                 the
                 like
                 ,
                 which
                 by
                 the
                 firing
                 that
                 Attila
                 King
                 of
                 the
                 Hunns
                 ,
                 put
                 to
                 it
                 ,
                 were
                 lost
                 and
                 destroyed
                 :
                 the
                 aPvements
                 ,
                 in
                 some
                 places
                 being
                 thereby
                 become
                 twenty
                 foot
                 under
                 ground
                 .
                 This
                 City
                 ,
                 hath
                 many
                 sumptuous
                 Palaces
                 ,
                 and
                 among
                 them
                 the
                 Council
                 house
                 ,
                 or
                 Chamber
                 of
                 Justice
                 is
                 the
                 chief
                 ,
                 of
                 a
                 square
                 form
                 ,
                 with
                 4.
                 
                 Halls
                 ,
                 and
                 one
                 square
                 low
                 Court
                 ,
                 wherein
                 there
                 is
                 so
                 much
                 room
                 ,
                 that
                 they
                 therein
                 do
                 Justice
                 ,
                 and
                 hold
                 Council
                 at
                 the
                 same
                 time
                 ,
                 comodiously
                 :
                 upon
                 the
                 roof
                 whereof
                 stand
                 exposed
                 to
                 the
                 ayr
                 the
                 Statues
                 of
                 
                   Cornelius
                   ,
                   Nepos
                   ,
                   Emilius
                   ,
                   Marcus
                   ,
                
                 old
                 Poets
                 ,
                 of
                 Pliny
                 the
                 natural
                 Historian
                 ,
                 and
                 Vetruvius
                 the
                 Architecture
                 ,
                 and
                 in
                 a
                 very
                 high
                 Arch
                 ,
                 the
                 Statue
                 of
                 
                   Hieronimo
                   Facastrao
                
                 ,
                 all
                 which
                 men
                 graced
                 their
                 Mother
                 Verona
                 by
                 their
                 singular
                 virtues
                 .
              
               
                 Besides
                 which
                 ,
                 there
                 are
                 two
                 Palaces
                 for
                 the
                 Governours
                 and
                 many
                 others
                 eminent
                 enough
                 of
                 particular
                 Veronians
                 .
                 They
                 praise
                 also
                 the
                 great
                 Bell
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 in
                 the
                 high
                 Turret
                 ,
                 The
                 Piazza
                 frequented
                 by
                 the
                 Merchants
                 ;
                 the
                 Burrough
                 where
                 they
                 teazlle
                 wash
                 and
                 pr●…ss
                 Clothes
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Field
                 called
                 
                   Campo
                   Martio
                
                 ,
                 where
                 they
                 exercise
                 the
                 Souldiery
                 .
                 There
                 are
                 also
                 other
                 Piazzaes
                 for
                 the
                 Markets
                 ,
                 and
                 to
                 walk
                 in
                 ,
                 one
                 for
                 the
                 Nobility
                 ,
                 and
                 another
                 for
                 the
                 Marchants
                 :
                 In
                 the
                 bigger
                 whereof
                 stands
                 a
                 Stately
                 Fountain
                 with
                 a
                 Statue
                 representing
                 Verona
                 ,
                 with
                 a
                 Kingly
                 Diadem
                 at
                 her
                 Feet
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 most
                 beautifull
                 River
                 Adice
                 runs
                 by
                 Verona
                 ,
                 which
                 comes
                 just
                 from
                 the
                 Alpes
                 of
                 
                   Trint
                   ▪
                
                 and
                 sends
                 two
                 arms
                 through
                 the
                 Streets
                 of
                 the
                 City
                 for
                 its
                 greater
                 conveniency
                 ,
                 by
                 which
                 River
                 they
                 convey
                 to
                 
                 Verona
                 divers
                 Merchandices
                 from
                 Germany
                 and
                 Venice
                 .
                 There
                 are
                 many
                 Mills
                 within
                 and
                 without
                 the
                 City
                 ,
                 and
                 other
                 Edifices
                 for
                 the
                 Mecanicks
                 .
                 They
                 have
                 four
                 Bridges
                 over
                 the
                 Adice
                 ,
                 all
                 erected
                 with
                 excellent
                 artifice
                 and
                 beauty
                 ,
                 one
                 whereof
                 hath
                 two
                 spatious
                 Arches
                 ,
                 which
                 give
                 a
                 Noble
                 prospect
                 ,
                 Europe
                 scarce
                 affording
                 any
                 more
                 polite
                 and
                 truer
                 built
                 .
              
               
                 This
                 City
                 abounds
                 with
                 all
                 things
                 necessary
                 .
                 Their
                 fruits
                 are
                 all
                 delicious
                 ,
                 but
                 the
                 Figs
                 Bardolini
                 exceed
                 all
                 others
                 .
                 It
                 hath
                 Fish
                 very
                 sweet
                 from
                 the
                 Lake
                 Garda
                 ,
                 Good
                 Meat
                 from
                 the
                 excellent
                 Pasture
                 ,
                 exquisite
                 Wines
                 from
                 the
                 Hills
                 ,
                 good
                 Corn
                 from
                 the
                 Vales
                 ,
                 and
                 good
                 health
                 from
                 the
                 Ayr
                 ,
                 though
                 somewhat
                 piercing
                 .
                 The
                 Merchandize
                 of
                 Cloth
                 and
                 Silk
                 ,
                 mantains
                 above
                 20000.
                 
                 Handicrafts-men
                 .
              
               
                 Verona
                 was
                 under
                 the
                 Etrurians
                 ,
                 the
                 Euganei
                 ,
                 the
                 Heneti
                 ,
                 the
                 French
                 and
                 the
                 Romans
                 ,
                 with
                 whom
                 it
                 was
                 confederated
                 and
                 had
                 voices
                 in
                 the
                 ballottinges
                 of
                 Rome
                 .
                 The
                 Romans
                 never
                 sent
                 a
                 Colony
                 into
                 Verona
                 ,
                 but
                 it
                 was
                 ascribed
                 to
                 the
                 
                   Tribu
                   Poblilia
                
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Veronians
                 have
                 had
                 many
                 Magistrates
                 in
                 Rome
                 .
                 Heretofore
                 4.
                 
                 Deputies
                 had
                 the
                 clear
                 and
                 mixt
                 government
                 of
                 this
                 City
                 ,
                 as
                 the
                 Roman
                 Consuls
                 ,
                 which
                 4.
                 were
                 created
                 by
                 the
                 Citizens
                 ,
                 together
                 with
                 the
                 other
                 Magistrates
                 :
                 whereof
                 they
                 yet
                 retein
                 some
                 shadow
                 by
                 having
                 Consuls
                 ,
                 the
                 wise
                 men
                 ,
                 the
                 Counsel
                 of
                 twelve
                 ,
                 the
                 hundred
                 and
                 twenty
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Prefect
                 of
                 the
                 Merchants
                 .
                 Afterwards
                 the
                 Roman
                 Empire
                 declining
                 ,
                 Verona
                 became
                 under
                 the
                 Command
                 of
                 certain
                 barbarous
                 Tyrants
                 ,
                 but
                 they
                 being
                 driven
                 out
                 by
                 the
                 Ostragoths
                 and
                 they
                 by
                 the
                 Longobards
                 who
                 were
                 Lords
                 of
                 it
                 200.
                 yeers
                 ,
                 it
                 was
                 finally
                 freed
                 from
                 their
                 Signory
                 and
                 fell
                 into
                 the
                 power
                 of
                 the
                 successors
                 of
                 Charles
                 the
                 great
                 ,
                 that
                 is
                 of
                 Pipin
                 and
                 Berengarius
                 ,
                 and
                 others
                 who
                 there
                 made
                 the
                 Seat
                 of
                 their
                 Empire
                 ,
                 as
                 Albano
                 King
                 of
                 the
                 Longobardi
                 ,
                 had
                 done
                 formerly
                 .
              
               
                 In
                 the
                 Reign
                 of
                 Ottone
                 the
                 First
                 ,
                 it
                 again
                 recovered
                 its
                 Liberty
                 ;
                 but
                 discords
                 arising
                 among
                 the
                 Citizens
                 ,
                 it
                 was
                 opprest
                 by
                 the
                 Tyranny
                 of
                 Ezzelino
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Scaligiri
                 ,
                 it
                 s
                 own
                 Citizens
                 ,
                 who
                 Lorded
                 it
                 for
                 200.
                 yeers
                 ,
                 Last
                 of
                 all
                 being
                 also
                 opprest
                 by
                 others
                 ,
                 it
                 voluntarily
                 rendred
                 it self
                 to
                 the
                 power
                 of
                 the
                 Venetians
                 who
                 in
                 those
                 daies
                 ,
                 were
                 esteemed
                 the
                 Justest
                 of
                 Lords
                 .
                 It
                 was
                 converted
                 to
                 the
                 Christian
                 Faith
                 by
                 Euperius
                 ,
                 commissionated
                 to
                 preach
                 there
                 from
                 Saint
                 Peetre
                 .
                 It
                 had
                 thirty
                 six
                 Bishops
                 Saints
                 ,
                 with
                 
                   S.
                   Zenone
                
                 its
                 Protector
                 ,
                 to
                 whom
                 Pipin
                 Son
                 of
                 Charles
                 the
                 great
                 ,
                 dedicated
                 a
                 Church
                 with
                 twelve
                 pounds
                 of
                 gold
                 for
                 yeerly
                 revenue
                 .
                 The
                 greater
                 Church
                 ,
                 is
                 a
                 most
                 noble
                 one
                 ,
                 and
                 rich
                 with
                 a
                 Chapter
                 of
                 Canons
                 of
                 much
                 authority
                 .
                 In
                 the
                 Church
                 of
                 
                   S.
                   Anastassia
                
                 is
                 a
                 fayr
                 Chapel
                 of
                 
                   Giano
                   Fresco
                
                 a
                 Genouai
                 Captain
                 ,
                 filled
                 with
                 Marble
                 Statues
                 and
                 his
                 own
                 effigies
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 people
                 of
                 Verona
                 are
                 pious
                 ,
                 and
                 have
                 alwaies
                 had
                 good
                 Bishops
                 ,
                 in
                 particular
                 lately
                 
                   Augustin
                   Falerio
                
                 a
                 most
                 upright
                 Prelate
                 and
                 illustrious
                 Cardinal
                 as
                 he
                 was
                 ever
                 accounted
                 by
                 the
                 most
                 holy
                 Fathers
                 and
                 Docters
                 of
                 the
                 Chvrch.
                 Nor
                 will
                 we
                 forget
                 
                   Nicolo
                   Hormanetto
                
                 Bishop
                 of
                 Padoua
                 ,
                 nor
                 Giberto
                 ,
                 who
                 was
                 the
                 reformer
                 of
                 many
                 Churches
                 ,
                 the
                 first
                 of
                 whom
                 ,
                 brought
                 into
                 that
                 Province
                 
                   Carlo
                   Borromeo
                
                 Doctor
                 ,
                 and
                 Head
                 of
                 all
                 the
                 holy
                 men
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 most
                 shining
                 Star
                 of
                 the
                 College
                 of
                 Cardinals
                 .
                 Nor
                 that
                 the
                 Churches
                 of
                 Verona
                 (
                 before
                 the
                 Conncel
                 of
                 Trent
                 )
                 were
                 reformed
                 into
                 that
                 order
                 they
                 still
                 observe
                 
                 They
                 give
                 divine
                 honors
                 to
                 Lucius
                 the
                 third
                 Pope
                 ,
                 who
                 going
                 to
                 Verona
                 ,
                 there
                 to
                 call
                 a
                 Council
                 ,
                 passed
                 into
                 a
                 better
                 Life
                 ,
                 and
                 was
                 there
                 interred
                 in
                 the
                 great
                 Church
                 ;
                 whence
                 in
                 Verona
                 was
                 created
                 Urban
                 the
                 third
                 his
                 Successor
                 .
              
               
                 Verona
                 is
                 well
                 peopled
                 ,
                 and
                 hath
                 many
                 noble
                 Families
                 :
                 and
                 hath
                 produced
                 signal
                 Men
                 in
                 all
                 exercises
                 .
                 It
                 had
                 some
                 Consuls
                 in
                 Rome
                 :
                 It
                 hath
                 had
                 many
                 holy
                 men
                 and
                 many
                 blessed
                 ,
                 among
                 which
                 is
                 famous
                 
                   San
                   Pietro
                
                 the
                 Martyr
                 ,
                 of
                 the
                 Preaching
                 order
                 ,
                 buried
                 in
                 Milan
                 ,
                 born
                 in
                 the
                 Street
                 of
                 
                   S.
                   Stefano
                
                 in
                 Verona
                 ,
                 where
                 at
                 present
                 may
                 be
                 seen
                 the
                 house
                 of
                 his
                 Nativity
                 .
                 
                   The
                   Veronians
                
                 have
                 sharp
                 wits
                 ,
                 and
                 are
                 much
                 inclined
                 to
                 Learning
                 ,
                 which
                 hath
                 occasioned
                 that
                 it
                 in
                 every
                 Age
                 hath
                 brought
                 forth
                 Men
                 of
                 excellent
                 esteem
                 in
                 all
                 sciences
                 .
                 They
                 were
                 Veronians
                 that
                 have
                 their
                 five
                 Statues
                 set
                 upon
                 the
                 publick
                 Palace
                 :
                 So
                 also
                 was
                 the
                 learned
                 Scaliger
                 ,
                 for
                 whose
                 sake
                 and
                 his
                 Family
                 (
                 
                   i
                   Signori
                   della
                   Scala
                
                 )
                 is
                 erected
                 in
                 the
                 heart
                 of
                 the
                 City
                 a
                 Stately
                 Marble
                 Tomb
                 ,
                 encompassed
                 with
                 Iron
                 work
                 ,
                 resembling
                 a
                 Ladder
                 ,
                 which
                 that
                 name
                 implies
                 .
                 It
                 hath
                 afforded
                 some
                 Women
                 too
                 ,
                 so
                 well
                 read
                 in
                 the
                 Greek
                 and
                 Latin
                 tongue
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Sciences
                 ,
                 that
                 they
                 have
                 held
                 disputes
                 with
                 many
                 learned
                 Men
                 ,
                 among
                 others
                 
                   Isotta
                   Nogarola
                
                 was
                 glorious
                 ,
                 it
                 hath
                 one
                 Porphyre
                 Tomb
                 of
                 a
                 King
                 of
                 the
                 Goths
                 .
                 In
                 summ
                 ,
                 Verona
                 possesseth
                 all
                 those
                 things
                 that
                 may
                 render
                 a
                 Citty
                 perfect
                 ,
                 and
                 its
                 Citizens
                 happy
                 :
                 So
                 that
                 t
                 is
                 no
                 wonder
                 that
                 many
                 Emperors
                 (
                 induced
                 by
                 the
                 beauty
                 of
                 the
                 place
                 )
                 spent
                 some
                 Moneths
                 of
                 the
                 yeer
                 there
                 ,
                 as
                 we
                 read
                 in
                 the
                 codicils
                 of
                 Justinian
                 ,
                 and
                 Theodosius
                 ,
                 and
                 that
                 Alboino
                 ,
                 first
                 King
                 of
                 the
                 Longobards
                 ,
                 and
                 Pepin
                 Son
                 of
                 Charls
                 the
                 Great
                 ,
                 and
                 Berengarius
                 ,
                 with
                 other
                 Kings
                 ;
                 of
                 Italy
                 ,
                 selected
                 it
                 for
                 their
                 own
                 Residences
                 ;
                 and
                 to
                 the
                 end
                 no
                 ornament
                 might
                 be
                 wanting
                 ,
                 instituted
                 an
                 Academy
                 for
                 good
                 Letters
                 ,
                 and
                 Study
                 of
                 humanity
                 in
                 the
                 house
                 of
                 the
                 Signori
                 Bevilacque
                 ,
                 whereof
                 Cota
                 a
                 good
                 Poet
                 of
                 our
                 times
                 saies
                 well
                 thus
                 .
                 
                   Verona
                   ,
                   qui
                   te
                   viderit
                   ,
                   &
                   non
                   amarit
                   protinus
                   amore
                   perditissimo
                   ,
                   is
                   credo
                   se
                   ipsum
                   non
                   amat
                   ,
                   caretque
                   amandi
                   sensibus
                   ;
                   &
                   tollit
                   omnes
                   gratias
                   .
                
              
            
             
               
                 The
                 Territory
                 of
                 VERONA
                 .
              
               
                 THe
                 Territory
                 of
                 Verona
                 ,
                 in
                 our
                 times
                 is
                 about
                 80.
                 
                 Miles
                 large
                 ,
                 from
                 the
                 Confines
                 of
                 Torbolo
                 ,
                 a
                 Castle
                 of
                 Trent
                 ,
                 towards
                 the
                 South
                 to
                 the
                 Polesene
                 of
                 Rovigo
                 ,
                 and
                 from
                 the
                 Eastern
                 part
                 from
                 the
                 confines
                 of
                 Vicentia
                 to
                 them
                 of
                 Brescia
                 ,
                 which
                 are
                 towards
                 the
                 North
                 46.
                 
                 Miles
                 ,
                 and
                 15.
                 miles
                 towards
                 South-East
                 ,
                 where
                 it
                 confines
                 with
                 the
                 Padouan
                 ,
                 t
                 is
                 30.
                 miles
                 long
                 ,
                 a
                 fertile
                 plain
                 .
                 towards
                 the
                 Northwest
                 ,
                 it
                 hath
                 25.
                 miles
                 of
                 mountainous
                 Countrey
                 :
                 Towards
                 South
                 and
                 by
                 East
                 ,
                 thirty
                 Mils
                 to
                 the
                 Ferrarian
                 or
                 Mantouan
                 confines
                 ,
                 of
                 most
                 fertile
                 Countreys
                 ,
                 being
                 no
                 less
                 pleasant
                 than
                 fruitfull
                 of
                 whatever
                 can
                 be
                 desired
                 .
                 It
                 hath
                 Mountains
                 ,
                 Hills
                 ,
                 Woods
                 ,
                 diverse
                 navigable
                 Rivers
                 ,
                 clear
                 fountains
                 ,
                 oyl
                 ,
                 good
                 Corn
                 ,
                 good
                 Wine
                 ,
                 Hemp
                 ,
                 and
                 great
                 plenty
                 of
                 Fruit
                 ,
                 and
                 Trees
                 bearing
                 Apples
                 ,
                 more
                 sweet
                 ,
                 fresh
                 ,
                 and
                 of
                 longer
                 keeping
                 than
                 any
                 other
                 Country
                 :
                 It
                 hath
                 Fowl
                 ,
                 and
                 Flesh
                 of
                 all
                 sorts
                 ,
                 divers
                 sorts
                 of
                 Stone
                 ,
                 and
                 Chalk
                 ,
                 Villages
                 
                 with
                 fair
                 Fabricks
                 ,
                 and
                 foundations
                 of
                 antient
                 Towers
                 :
                 In
                 sum
                 it
                 may
                 well
                 be
                 called
                 as
                 fair
                 and
                 happy
                 a
                 Territory
                 as
                 any
                 other
                 ,
                 and
                 more
                 than
                 some
                 are
                 .
              
               
                 Going
                 out
                 of
                 the
                 Gate
                 Vescovato
                 ,
                 turning
                 on
                 the
                 left
                 hand
                 ,
                 after
                 having
                 met
                 with
                 many
                 fruitfull
                 Hills
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 ruins
                 of
                 an
                 antient
                 Castle
                 ,
                 you
                 come
                 to
                 the
                 Burrough
                 
                   S.
                   Michael
                
                 ,
                 which
                 hath
                 a
                 fair
                 
                 Church
                 dedicated
                 to
                 the
                 blessed
                 Virgin
                 ,
                 wherein
                 they
                 have
                 seen
                 many
                 miricles
                 ,
                 and
                 many
                 Paper
                 Mills
                 ,
                 being
                 5.
                 miles
                 from
                 Verona
                 ,
                 then
                 following
                 the
                 way
                 a
                 little
                 on
                 the
                 right
                 hand
                 ,
                 one
                 findes
                 the
                 Baths
                 ,
                 helpfull
                 for
                 the
                 Sterility
                 of
                 Women
                 ,
                 and
                 to
                 refresh
                 the
                 Reyns
                 ,
                 where
                 the
                 Learned
                 Calderino
                 was
                 born
                 ,
                 who
                 after
                 lived
                 in
                 Rome
                 .
              
               
                 T
                 is
                 reported
                 ,
                 that
                 there
                 stood
                 an
                 antient
                 Castle
                 ,
                 and
                 that
                 the
                 Church
                 of
                 Saint
                 Matthew
                 the
                 Apostle
                 ,
                 was
                 a
                 Temple
                 of
                 Juno
                 .
                 Opposite
                 whereto
                 upon
                 a
                 Hill
                 is
                 seen
                 ,
                 
                   il
                   Castllo
                   Soave
                
                 ,
                 built
                 in
                 a
                 lovely
                 site
                 by
                 the
                 Scaligeri
                 ;
                 a
                 little
                 forwarder
                 is
                 
                   Monte
                   Forte
                
                 ,
                 a
                 Town
                 belonging
                 to
                 the
                 Veronian
                 Bishoprick
                 ,
                 upon
                 the
                 very
                 confines
                 ,
                 as
                 on
                 the
                 other
                 
                 side
                 on
                 the
                 confines
                 is
                 the
                 Burrough
                 Saint
                 Boniface
                 .
                 On
                 that
                 part
                 which
                 looks
                 towards
                 the
                 North-East
                 ,
                 are
                 some
                 plains
                 well
                 inhabited
                 .
                 That
                 part
                 looking
                 towards
                 the
                 South
                 ,
                 begins
                 from
                 the
                 
                   Porta
                   Nova
                
                 ,
                 and
                 goes
                 to
                 
                   Lonigo
                   a
                   Cologna
                
                 ,
                 wherein
                 is
                 nothing
                 remarkable
                 ,
                 more
                 than
                 its
                 fertility
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 head
                 of
                 the
                 River
                 Tartaro
                 ;
                 and
                 on
                 that
                 side
                 towards
                 Mantoua
                 ,
                 17.
                 miles
                 distant
                 from
                 Verona
                 ,
                 is
                 the
                 Island
                 Scala
                 ,
                 so
                 well
                 replenished
                 with
                 people
                 and
                 goods
                 ,
                 that
                 it
                 hath
                 in
                 some
                 
                 sort
                 the
                 face
                 of
                 a
                 City
                 .
              
               
                 Towards
                 the
                 West
                 ,
                 before
                 Verona
                 ,
                 lies
                 a
                 Stony
                 untild
                 Champion
                 or
                 Downs
                 ,
                 but
                 famous
                 for
                 divers
                 deeds
                 of
                 Arms
                 there
                 ,
                 performed
                 by
                 great
                 Captains
                 ;
                 T
                 is
                 said
                 ,
                 that
                 
                   Sabino
                   Giuliano
                
                 ,
                 who
                 would
                 have
                 gotten
                 the
                 Empire
                 ,
                 was
                 there
                 by
                 
                   Carino
                   Cesare
                
                 overthrown
                 and
                 flain
                 ,
                 that
                 Odouacro
                 King
                 of
                 the
                 Herlui
                 ,
                 and
                 Turcillingi
                 ,
                 having
                 by
                 violence
                 obteyned
                 the
                 Kingdome
                 of
                 Italy
                 ,
                 forcing
                 out
                 Augustolo
                 ,
                 and
                 therein
                 tyranized
                 some
                 yeers
                 ,
                 was
                 in
                 this
                 place
                 discomfited
                 in
                 a
                 Battel
                 of
                 three
                 days
                 ,
                 by
                 Theodorick
                 King
                 of
                 the
                 Ostrogoths
                 ;
                 That
                 Lamberto
                 Son
                 of
                 Guidon
                 King
                 of
                 Spoleto
                 ,
                 was
                 there
                 overcome
                 with
                 14000.
                 
                 Hungarian
                 Souldiers
                 by
                 Berengarius
                 .
                 That
                 some
                 yeers
                 after
                 ,
                 by
                 
                   Gugone
                   Arelatense
                   ,
                   Arnoldo
                
                 Captain
                 of
                 Baviera
                 ,
                 with
                 a
                 potent
                 Army
                 of
                 Germans
                 ,
                 was
                 there
                 cut
                 in
                 pieces
                 ,
                 whom
                 the
                 Veronians
                 first
                 called
                 into
                 Italy
                 for
                 King
                 against
                 Hugone
                 ,
                 and
                 had
                 received
                 into
                 their
                 City
                 as
                 victorious
                 and
                 triumphant
                 .
                 That
                 there
                 likeness
                 was
                 overcome
                 and
                 deprived
                 of
                 his
                 Kingdom
                 the
                 second
                 Berengarius
                 by
                 
                   Rodolfus
                   Borgondus
                
                 ;
                 and
                 that
                 in
                 antient
                 times
                 in
                 that
                 place
                 were
                 fought
                 many
                 Battels
                 (
                 of
                 no
                 less
                 consequence
                 than
                 obaining
                 or
                 losing
                 of
                 the
                 Kingdom
                 of
                 Italy
                 )
                 with
                 various
                 success
                 .
                 But
                 as
                 to
                 what
                 Biondo
                 saith
                 ,
                 that
                 in
                 that
                 Down
                 
                   C.
                   Marius
                
                 ,
                 vanquished
                 the
                 Germans
                 and
                 the
                 Cimbrians
                 ,
                 who
                 made
                 a
                 furious
                 incursion
                 into
                 Italy
                 ,
                 't
                 is
                 very
                 uncertain
                 ,
                 because
                 Historians
                 much
                 differ
                 in
                 describing
                 the
                 place
                 where
                 that
                 memorable
                 Act
                 was
                 performed
                 .
              
               
                 Thence
                 one
                 may
                 go
                 to
                 
                   Villa
                   Franca
                
                 and
                 Sanzeno
                 ,
                 rich
                 Villages
                 confines
                 to
                 the
                 Mantoua
                 Territories
                 ,
                 but
                 if
                 from
                 those
                 Downs
                 one
                 take
                 
                 towards
                 the
                 South
                 ,
                 having
                 passed
                 many
                 Villages
                 ,
                 you
                 arrive
                 at
                 Peschiero
                 a
                 strong
                 Castle
                 ,
                 but
                 of
                 ill
                 Ayr
                 ,
                 14.
                 miles
                 from
                 Verona
                 ,
                 seated
                 
                 on
                 the
                 Banks
                 of
                 the
                 Lake
                 Garda
                 ,
                 where
                 the
                 River
                 Menzo
                 hath
                 its
                 source
                 ,
                 and
                 on
                 the
                 left
                 side
                 of
                 the
                 Lake
                 five
                 miles
                 further
                 off
                 (
                 most
                 
                 ill
                 way
                 )
                 stands
                 Rivoltella
                 ,
                 and
                 two
                 miles
                 onward
                 Desensano
                 ,
                 the
                 confines
                 
                 of
                 Verona
                 .
              
               
                 On
                 that
                 part
                 of
                 Verona
                 ,
                 towards
                 the
                 North-west
                 ,
                 are
                 many
                 Hills
                 placed
                 in
                 the
                 form
                 of
                 a
                 Theatre
                 ,
                 where
                 they
                 are
                 stocked
                 with
                 fertile
                 Vineyards
                 ;
                 and
                 so
                 much
                 adorned
                 with
                 beautifull
                 Palaces
                 and
                 Gardens
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 prospect
                 at
                 a
                 distance
                 much
                 pleaseth
                 ;
                 within
                 these
                 Hils
                 is
                 the
                 Vale
                 Paltena
                 ,
                 inhabited
                 and
                 Fertil
                 ,
                 and
                 following
                 the
                 plain
                 ,
                 appear
                 
                 many
                 and
                 stately
                 Palaces
                 ,
                 on
                 the
                 banks
                 of
                 the
                 Adice
                 ,
                 which
                 runs
                 through
                 that
                 Campagna
                 .
              
               
                 At
                 10.
                 miles
                 distance
                 from
                 Verona
                 upon
                 the
                 ascent
                 of
                 certain
                 little
                 Hills
                 ,
                 may
                 be
                 beheld
                 the
                 Valley
                 Pulicella
                 ,
                 replenish't
                 with
                 many
                 
                 Castles
                 &
                 great
                 Towns
                 ,
                 behind
                 which
                 begin
                 the
                 Mountains
                 of
                 Trento
                 ,
                 they
                 say
                 that
                 in
                 the
                 said
                 Valley
                 ,
                 there
                 are
                 two
                 teats
                 of
                 Stone
                 cut
                 with
                 a
                 Chizel
                 ,
                 which
                 constantly
                 distill
                 a
                 water
                 ,
                 wherewith
                 if
                 a
                 Woman
                 having
                 lost
                 her
                 Milk
                 bath
                 her
                 Nipples
                 ,
                 it
                 will
                 return
                 in
                 great
                 abundance
                 .
                 Returning
                 to
                 Verona
                 ,
                 by
                 the
                 Adice
                 ,
                 on
                 one
                 fide
                 is
                 the
                 foot
                 of
                 the
                 Mountain
                 Baldo
                 ,
                 and
                 many
                 Castles
                 and
                 Burroughs
                 :
                 On
                 the
                 other
                 fide
                 a
                 plain
                 to
                 Peschiera
                 ,
                 and
                 there
                 begin
                 the
                 Mountains
                 which
                 are
                 on
                 the
                 right
                 hand-shore
                 of
                 the
                 Lake
                 :
                 there
                 stands
                 Bardolino
                 ,
                 where
                 those
                 
                 incomparable
                 Figs
                 grow
                 ,
                 whereof
                 Soliman
                 Emperor
                 of
                 the
                 Turks
                 delighted
                 
                 to
                 discourse
                 of
                 ,
                 with
                 the
                 Christian
                 slaves
                 ,
                 as
                 also
                 ,
                 Gardo
                 ,
                 which
                 gives
                 name
                 to
                 the
                 Lake
                 ,
                 and
                 many
                 other
                 Castles
                 :
                 In
                 this
                 place
                 is
                 to
                 be
                 admired
                 ,
                 the
                 vastness
                 of
                 the
                 Venetians
                 Minds
                 ,
                 who
                 conveyed
                 over
                 those
                 rough
                 and
                 mountainous
                 places
                 ,
                 both
                 Galleys
                 and
                 Ships
                 armed
                 in
                 all
                 particulars
                 ,
                 to
                 fight
                 in
                 the
                 Lake
                 with
                 
                   Filippo
                   Visconse
                
                 Captain
                 of
                 the
                 Milanesians
                 ,
                 Mount
                 Baldo
                 ,
                 whereof
                 somewhat
                 is
                 spoken
                 
                 formerly
                 ,
                 ought
                 here
                 to
                 be
                 set
                 before
                 all
                 the
                 Mounts
                 of
                 Italy
                 ,
                 being
                 30.
                 miles
                 in
                 circumference
                 ,
                 affording
                 excellent
                 and
                 rare
                 plants
                 ,
                 and
                 some
                 veins
                 of
                 Copper
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 The
                 Lake
                 GARDA
                 .
              
               
                 ANtiently
                 the
                 Castle
                 Benaco
                 ,
                 gave
                 name
                 to
                 this
                 Lake
                 ,
                 where
                 now
                 is
                 Tusculano
                 ,
                 but
                 at
                 present
                 it
                 takes
                 name
                 from
                 Gardo
                 aforenamed
                 .
                 This
                 Lake
                 from
                 Peschiera
                 ,
                 which
                 lies
                 on
                 the
                 South
                 of
                 it
                 ,
                 is
                 35.
                 miles
                 long
                 towards
                 the
                 North
                 ,
                 and
                 from
                 Salo
                 ,
                 on
                 the
                 West
                 shore
                 to
                 Garda
                 or
                 Lacice
                 on
                 the
                 East
                 ,
                 is
                 14.
                 miles
                 broad
                 :
                 It
                 is
                 very
                 tempestuous
                 ,
                 and
                 many
                 times
                 raises
                 waves
                 as
                 high
                 as
                 Mountains
                 ,
                 which
                 at
                 certain
                 seasons
                 of
                 the
                 yeer
                 ,
                 makes
                 it
                 dangerous
                 to
                 navigate
                 ,
                 and
                 this
                 they
                 believe
                 proceeds
                 from
                 the
                 enclosure
                 of
                 the
                 winds
                 by
                 the
                 Mountains
                 ,
                 hindring
                 by
                 their
                 surrounding
                 its
                 issuing
                 out
                 ,
                 Wherefore
                 Virgil
                 saies
                 ,
                 
                   
                     Fluctibus
                     ,
                     &
                     fremitu
                     assurgens
                     Benace
                     marino
                     .
                  
                
              
               
                 This
                 Lake
                 affords
                 well-relisht
                 fish
                 ,
                 in
                 great
                 plenty
                 ,
                 but
                 chiefly
                 Trouts
                 ,
                 Carps
                 ,
                 and
                 Eels
                 ,
                 whereof
                 Pliny
                 speaks
                 at
                 large
                 .
                 Eight
                 miles
                 from
                 Peschiera
                 ,
                 runs
                 a
                 neck
                 of
                 Land
                 in
                 to
                 the
                 Lake
                 ,
                 two
                 miles
                 long
                 ,
                 which
                 seems
                 to
                 divide
                 the
                 Lake
                 .
                 Here
                 antiently
                 was
                 Sirmione
                 which
                 gave
                 birth
                 to
                 Catullus
                 the
                 Poet
                 ,
                 but
                 now
                 remains
                 nothing
                 but
                 a
                 small
                 Castle
                 ,
                 though
                 abounding
                 with
                 all
                 delitiousness
                 .
                 On
                 the
                 same
                 side
                 
                 is
                 Rivoltella
                 ,
                 and
                 Disensano
                 ,
                 a
                 principal
                 Market
                 Town
                 of
                 those
                 parts
                 ,
                 
                 not
                 defective
                 in
                 any
                 thing
                 .
                 But
                 on
                 the
                 other
                 shore
                 there
                 are
                 many
                 fair
                 Castles
                 ,
                 among
                 others
                 
                   Salò
                   &
                   Prato
                   di
                   Fame
                
                 ,
                 where
                 the
                 Bishops
                 of
                 
                   Trent
                   ,
                   Verona
                
                 ,
                 and
                 Brescia
                 ,
                 may
                 each
                 (
                 standing
                 in
                 his
                 own
                 Diocess
                 )
                 shake
                 hands
                 .
                 The
                 Country
                 there
                 is
                 pleasant
                 ,
                 bearing
                 Olivs
                 ,
                 Figs
                 ,
                 Pomegranates
                 ,
                 Lemons
                 ,
                 Citrons
                 ,
                 and
                 other
                 fruitfull
                 Trees
                 ,
                 which
                 there
                 flourish
                 much
                 ,
                 by
                 having
                 the
                 River
                 &
                 Lake
                 on
                 one
                 side
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Mountains
                 on
                 the
                 other
                 ,
                 defending
                 it
                 from
                 blasting
                 winds
                 ,
                 and
                 affording
                 the
                 reflex
                 of
                 the
                 Sun
                 all
                 day
                 ,
                 from
                 its
                 rise
                 to
                 the
                 setting
                 ,
                 which
                 renders
                 it
                 one
                 of
                 the
                 beautifullest
                 places
                 of
                 Italy
                 .
                 The
                 number
                 of
                 the
                 People
                 inhabiting
                 this
                 Valley
                 and
                 Lake
                 of
                 Garda
                 ,
                 shall
                 be
                 given
                 in
                 the
                 Description
                 of
                 the
                 Valleys
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 BRESCIA
                 .
              
               
                 BRescia
                 by
                 the
                 
                   Romans
                   Brixia
                
                 ,
                 is
                 seated
                 20
                 miles
                 from
                 Disensano
                 ,
                 which
                 a
                 direct
                 Road
                 leads
                 unto
                 ,
                 but
                 something
                 Stoney
                 .
                 Some
                 will
                 have
                 it
                 called
                 Brescia
                 from
                 Britein
                 ,
                 which
                 in
                 the
                 Language
                 of
                 the
                 
                   Galli
                   Senones
                
                 (
                 the
                 restorers
                 of
                 this
                 City
                 )
                 signifie
                 rejoycing
                 Trees
                 ,
                 as
                 if
                 the
                 quantity
                 of
                 Fruits
                 wherewith
                 they
                 are
                 yeerly
                 hung
                 ,
                 made
                 them
                 rejoyce
                 .
                 Livie
                 and
                 other
                 grave
                 Authors
                 write
                 ,
                 that
                 Brescia
                 was
                 built
                 by
                 the
                 
                   Galli
                   Senones
                
                 ,
                 in
                 that
                 age
                 when
                 the
                 Kings
                 commanded
                 in
                 Rome
                 ,
                 and
                 that
                 the
                 Romans
                 made
                 themselves
                 Masters
                 thereof
                 ,
                 after
                 they
                 had
                 conquered
                 all
                 Lombardy
                 .
                 They
                 further
                 say
                 ,
                 that
                 it
                 alwaies
                 kept
                 inviolable
                 Faith
                 with
                 the
                 Roman
                 People
                 ,
                 and
                 particularly
                 in
                 that
                 calamitous
                 time
                 ,
                 when
                 Hannibal
                 destroyed
                 their
                 Armies
                 .
                 Besides
                 they
                 say
                 ,
                 that
                 it
                 was
                 reduced
                 into
                 a
                 Colony
                 of
                 the
                 Romans
                 ,
                 after
                 the
                 associated
                 Warr
                 ,
                 together
                 with
                 Verona
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 other
                 Cities
                 ,
                 on
                 that
                 fide
                 the
                 Po
                 ,
                 by
                 
                   Cn.
                   Pompeius
                   Strabo
                
                 ,
                 Father
                 of
                 Pompey
                 the
                 Great
                 ,
                 and
                 a
                 little
                 time
                 after
                 Caesar
                 reckoned
                 the
                 Brescians
                 in
                 the
                 number
                 of
                 the
                 Roman
                 Citizens
                 ;
                 under
                 whose
                 Empire
                 it
                 continued
                 till
                 its
                 Majesty
                 was
                 at
                 the
                 height
                 ,
                 when
                 it
                 was
                 no
                 less
                 rich
                 than
                 potent
                 ,
                 as
                 may
                 easily
                 be
                 conjectured
                 from
                 the
                 many
                 antient
                 Marble
                 Stones
                 ,
                 and
                 Statues
                 ,
                 with
                 the
                 inscriptions
                 and
                 Epitaphs
                 of
                 illustrious
                 Persons
                 ,
                 and
                 of
                 divers
                 famous
                 deeds
                 thereon
                 which
                 ly
                 dispersed
                 in
                 the
                 City
                 and
                 up
                 and
                 down
                 its
                 Territory
                 .
              
               
                 T
                 is
                 seated
                 in
                 a
                 plain
                 (
                 at
                 the
                 foot
                 of
                 certain
                 Hills
                 )
                 more
                 long
                 than
                 broad
                 ;
                 although
                 but
                 three
                 miles
                 in
                 circuit
                 ,
                 yet
                 well
                 replenished
                 with
                 dwellings
                 and
                 inhabitants
                 .
                 It
                 s
                 vicinity
                 to
                 the
                 Hills
                 beautifies
                 it
                 with
                 many
                 Fountains
                 ,
                 a
                 commodity
                 which
                 many
                 Cities
                 of
                 Lombardi
                 want
                 .
                 In
                 it
                 are
                 many
                 Piazzaes
                 ,
                 the
                 greatest
                 whereof
                 is
                 that
                 where
                 the
                 publick
                 Palace
                 is
                 erected
                 ;
                 which
                 for
                 its
                 fairness
                 ,
                 may
                 be
                 accounted
                 one
                 of
                 the
                 Noblest
                 Edifices
                 of
                 Italy
                 .
                 Under
                 which
                 Palace
                 are
                 fair
                 Porches
                 ,
                 with
                 shops
                 affording
                 well
                 tempered
                 Belly
                 pieces
                 of
                 Armour
                 ,
                 Swords
                 ,
                 Muskets
                 ,
                 and
                 other
                 military
                 Arms
                 ,
                 which
                 hath
                 nominated
                 it
                 Brescia
                 the
                 Armed
                 :
                 other
                 shops
                 are
                 no
                 less
                 furnished
                 with
                 the
                 finest
                 Linnen
                 cloth
                 ,
                 a
                 Commodity
                 by
                 which
                 these
                 Citizens
                 acquire
                 great
                 Riches
                 .
                 A
                 small
                 River
                 called
                 Garcia
                 passeth
                 thorow
                 the
                 City
                 ,
                 which
                 at
                 its
                 issuing
                 forth
                 is
                 artificially
                 drawn
                 on
                 this
                 and
                 that
                 side
                 to
                 irrigate
                 their
                 Fields
                 .
                 It
                 hath
                 five
                 Porrs
                 or
                 Gates
                 ,
                 and
                 one
                 impregnable
                 Castle
                 ,
                 built
                 with
                 Stone
                 upon
                 a
                 Hill.
                 The
                 
                   Torre
                   de
                   Pallada
                
                 is
                 of
                 rare
                 Tuscan
                 work
                 ,
                 and
                 therein
                 is
                 the
                 Great
                 Bell
                 of
                 the
                 City
                 .
                 It
                 heretofore
                 suffered
                 much
                 calamity
                 through
                 the
                 Factions
                 
                 and
                 enmity
                 of
                 its
                 Citizens
                 ,
                 whose
                 fury
                 was
                 such
                 that
                 proscription
                 and
                 Death
                 to
                 their
                 Enemies
                 ,
                 without
                 fyring
                 and
                 destroying
                 their
                 Houses
                 and
                 Goods
                 ,
                 but
                 trivally
                 appeased
                 :
                 Which
                 caused
                 it
                 to
                 change
                 in
                 28.
                 yeers
                 its
                 Soveraign
                 seven
                 times
                 ,
                 in
                 the
                 time
                 of
                 Lewis
                 the
                 third
                 ,
                 and
                 Otto
                 Emperors
                 ,
                 Its
                 Citizens
                 being
                 much
                 addicted
                 to
                 Arms.
                 T
                 is
                 a
                 most
                 horrible
                 thing
                 to
                 read
                 the
                 History
                 of
                 Capriole
                 ,
                 o●…
                 those
                 calamitous
                 times
                 ,
                 representing
                 the
                 great
                 slaughters
                 of
                 the
                 Citizens
                 ,
                 with
                 their
                 Proscriptions
                 and
                 Banishments
                 ,
                 the
                 sacking
                 ,
                 burning
                 ,
                 and
                 ruining
                 ,
                 of
                 their
                 Habitations
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 desolation
                 of
                 the
                 City
                 ;
                 much
                 resembling
                 the
                 times
                 and
                 Actions
                 of
                 Marius
                 ,
                 and
                 Scilla
                 and
                 the
                 Triumviraie
                 .
                 At
                 this
                 day
                 t
                 is
                 governed
                 by
                 the
                 Venetians
                 with
                 great
                 peace
                 ,
                 and
                 such
                 increase
                 of
                 Riches
                 ,
                 that
                 its
                 former
                 smart
                 is
                 scarce
                 perceptible
                 .
                 It
                 received
                 the
                 light
                 of
                 the
                 Christian
                 Faith
                 by
                 
                 the
                 preaching
                 of
                 
                   Sant
                   Apollinare
                
                 ,
                 Bishop
                 of
                 Ravenna
                 ,
                 in
                 the
                 yeer
                 of
                 our
                 Lord
                 ,
                 119.
                 
                 It
                 hath
                 some
                 fayr
                 Churches
                 ,
                 among
                 them
                 the
                 Domo
                 ,
                 (
                 whose
                 Bishop
                 with
                 a
                 good
                 Revenue
                 hath
                 the
                 Tide
                 of
                 Duke
                 ,
                 Marquiss
                 ,
                 and
                 Count
                 )
                 where
                 a
                 Skie-coloured
                 Cross
                 called
                 
                   Oro
                   Fiamma
                
                 ,
                 is
                 much
                 reverenced
                 by
                 the
                 People
                 ,
                 who
                 indubitably
                 beleeve
                 it
                 to
                 be
                 the
                 same
                 which
                 appeared
                 to
                 Constantine
                 the
                 Emperour
                 fighting
                 against
                 Maxentius
                 ,
                 The
                 Motto
                 ,
                 
                   in
                   hoc
                   signo
                   Vinces
                
                 .
              
               
                 Next
                 is
                 the
                 Church
                 of
                 
                   Santa
                   Giulia
                
                 the
                 Martyr
                 ,
                 built
                 by
                 Desiderius
                 ,
                 
                 King
                 of
                 the
                 Longobards
                 ,
                 in
                 the
                 yeer
                 735.
                 adorned
                 with
                 rich
                 Vests
                 and
                 pretious
                 vessels
                 ,
                 and
                 honoured
                 with
                 the
                 bodies
                 of
                 many
                 Saints
                 ,
                 together
                 with
                 those
                 of
                 Ansilperga
                 ,
                 the
                 Sister
                 ,
                 and
                 Hermingarda
                 the
                 Daughter
                 ,
                 of
                 that
                 King
                 :
                 which
                 ly
                 in
                 its
                 noble
                 Monastery
                 :
                 wherein
                 two
                 daughters
                 of
                 Lotario
                 the
                 first
                 Emperor
                 ,
                 one
                 sister
                 of
                 Charles
                 the
                 the
                 third
                 ,
                 one
                 Daughter
                 of
                 Berengarus
                 the
                 Userper
                 of
                 the
                 Empire
                 ,
                 with
                 many
                 other
                 Virgins
                 of
                 Royal
                 blood
                 ,
                 have
                 spent
                 their
                 days
                 in
                 the
                 ●…ervice
                 of
                 God
                 ,
                 under
                 the
                 Orders
                 of
                 Saint
                 Benedict
                 .
              
               
                 Brescia
                 is
                 well
                 replenished
                 with
                 People
                 ,
                 and
                 among
                 them
                 with
                 many
                 noble
                 and
                 illustrious
                 Families
                 ,
                 as
                 the
                 Gambari
                 ,
                 the
                 Martinengi
                 ,
                 the
                 Magi
                 ,
                 the
                 
                   Avogradi
                   ,
                   Averoldi
                   ,
                   Luzaghi
                   ,
                   Emilii
                
                 and
                 others
                 .
                 It
                 hath
                 given
                 Birth
                 to
                 many
                 Saints
                 ,
                 of
                 whom
                 they
                 name
                 only
                 
                   San
                   Giovita
                
                 and
                 Faustino
                 ,
                 who
                 suffered
                 Martyrdom
                 for
                 the
                 Faith
                 of
                 Christ
                 ,
                 on
                 the
                 Walls
                 towards
                 Verona
                 ,
                 whereof
                 at
                 this
                 day
                 appear
                 some
                 Marks
                 of
                 it
                 .
                 It
                 hath
                 had
                 thirty
                 Bishops
                 canonized
                 for
                 Saints
                 :
                 Its
                 Territory
                 is
                 so
                 large
                 ,
                 spatious
                 ,
                 and
                 long
                 ,
                 that
                 t
                 is
                 believed
                 ,
                 the
                 Bishop
                 thereof
                 hath
                 the
                 Cure
                 of
                 near
                 Eight
                 Hundred
                 Thousand
                 Souls
                 :
                 It
                 abounds
                 with
                 all
                 things
                 necessary
                 for
                 human
                 Sustenance
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 People
                 are
                 reputed
                 of
                 a
                 quick-witted
                 and
                 elegant
                 Ingennity
                 :
                 whereof
                 an
                 elegant
                 Poet
                 writes
                 .
                 
                   
                     Caelum
                     hilarem
                     ,
                     frons
                     laeta
                     Urbi
                     ,
                     gens
                     nescia
                     fraudis
                     ,
                  
                   
                     Atque
                     modum
                     ignorat
                     divitis
                     uber
                     agri
                     .
                  
                
              
            
             
               
                 The
                 Territory
                 of
                 BRESCIA
                 .
              
               
                 THe
                 Bresciau
                 Territory
                 ,
                 is
                 one
                 hundred
                 miles
                 broad
                 ,
                 begining
                 from
                 Mosa
                 15.
                 miles
                 distant
                 from
                 Mantoua
                 ,
                 and
                 ending
                 at
                 Dialengo
                 at
                 the
                 top
                 of
                 Alcamonica
                 ,
                 and
                 50.
                 miles
                 long
                 ,
                 extending
                 from
                 Limona
                 on
                 the
                 Lake
                 Garda
                 to
                 the
                 
                   Orzi
                   Novi
                
                 ,
                 the
                 Countrey
                 conteyning
                 450.
                 
                 Towns
                 ,
                 Villages
                 ,
                 and
                 Castles
                 well
                 peopled
                 ,
                 and
                 affording
                 
                 all
                 sorts
                 of
                 Corn
                 ,
                 Grain
                 ,
                 Wine
                 ,
                 Oyl
                 ,
                 and
                 Fruite
                 :
                 Towards
                 the
                 East
                 ,
                 on
                 the
                 Road
                 leading
                 to
                 Verona
                 ,
                 on
                 the
                 right
                 hand
                 ,
                 stand
                 
                   G●…di
                   ,
                   Manerbio
                   ,
                   Calvesano
                   ;
                   Calcina
                   to
                   ,
                
                 on
                 the
                 left
                 ,
                 the
                 Mounta●…ns
                 ,
                 Bridigolo
                 ,
                 
                 
                   Padengo
                   ▪
                
                 and
                 the
                 Lake
                 ,
                 with
                 the
                 fair
                 Town
                 of
                 
                   Lonato
                   ▪
                
                 ●…5
                 .
                 miles
                 off
                 ●…rescia
                 .
                 Towards
                 the
                 South
                 by
                 the
                 way
                 of
                 Cremona
                 ,
                 a●…
                 seen
                 Virola
                 ,
                 
                 and
                 Asola
                 ,
                 a
                 strong
                 Castle
                 ,
                 Issuing
                 sorth
                 the
                 Gate
                 
                   San
                   Nazario
                
                 ,
                 towards
                 the
                 VVest
                 ,
                 on
                 the
                 right
                 lies
                 Priviato
                 ,
                 on
                 the
                 left
                 ,
                 Quintiano
                 ,
                 a
                 noble
                 Castle
                 .
                 This
                 is
                 the
                 way
                 of
                 the
                 
                   Orzi
                   Novi
                
                 ,
                 where
                 stands
                 a
                 strong
                 Castle
                 20.
                 miles
                 from
                 Brescia
                 ,
                 built
                 in
                 Anno
                 1134.
                 
                 Here
                 they
                 vant
                 much
                 of
                 the
                 excellency
                 of
                 their
                 Linnen
                 Cloth
                 ,
                 near
                 which
                 passeth
                 the
                 River
                 Oglio
                 ,
                 which
                 terminates
                 the
                 Venetians
                 dominions
                 .
                 And
                 
                 going
                 out
                 of
                 the
                 Gates
                 .
                 Giovanni
                 ,
                 you
                 meet
                 the
                 
                   Torrent
                   M●…la
                   ,
                   Coraio
                
                 a
                 rich
                 Country
                 ,
                 and
                 Reato
                 the
                 most
                 populous
                 Town
                 of
                 the
                 Brescian
                 
                 Territories
                 ;
                 a
                 little
                 farther
                 a
                 most
                 fertile
                 plain
                 ,
                 beautified
                 with
                 many
                 Castles
                 ,
                 from
                 the
                 dwelling
                 of
                 the
                 French
                 there
                 in
                 t
                 is
                 called
                 
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                
                 ,
                 but
                 before
                 you
                 can
                 reach
                 Palazzolo
                 ,
                 must
                 be
                 passed
                 the
                 Riv●…
                 〈◊〉
                 ,
                 over
                 a
                 stately
                 Bridge
                 ,
                 from
                 whence
                 they
                 enter
                 the
                 Territories
                 of
                 〈◊〉
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 The
                 BRESCIAN
                 Valleys
              
               
                 THis
                 City
                 hath
                 three
                 principal
                 Valleys
                 ,
                 the
                 first
                 called
                 Valcamonica
                 ,
                 
                 lies
                 towards
                 the
                 VVest
                 ,
                 and
                 is
                 bigger
                 than
                 both
                 the
                 other
                 ;
                 extending
                 it self
                 50.
                 miles
                 towards
                 the
                 North
                 ,
                 is
                 continued
                 with
                 surrounding
                 Hills
                 ,
                 among
                 which
                 ,
                 is
                 a
                 running
                 current
                 yeelding
                 good
                 Trouts
                 ,
                 which
                 River
                 enters
                 at
                 the
                 head
                 of
                 the
                 ●…ake
                 Isseo
                 ,
                 running
                 
                 through
                 it
                 ,
                 and
                 out
                 of
                 it
                 with
                 the
                 same
                 name
                 ,
                 and
                 passing
                 through
                 the
                 Play●…
                 ,
                 many
                 A●…ms
                 and
                 Branches
                 are
                 drawn
                 from
                 it
                 ,
                 to
                 overflow
                 the
                 fields
                 ,
                 whereby
                 they
                 become
                 most
                 productive
                 of
                 Grass
                 ,
                 Hay
                 ,
                 Corn
                 ,
                 &c.
                 
                 It
                 hath
                 some
                 minerals
                 of
                 Iron
                 and
                 Copper
                 ,
                 It
                 s
                 chief
                 
                 Town
                 is
                 Brenna
                 ;
                 towards
                 the
                 end
                 ,
                 this
                 vale
                 divides
                 it self
                 into
                 two
                 parts
                 ,
                 one
                 whereof
                 exte●…s
                 to
                 the
                 County
                 of
                 Tirol●…
                 ,
                 the
                 other
                 reaches
                 the
                 valley
                 Tellina
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 second
                 is
                 the
                 Vale
                 Troppia
                 ,
                 which
                 takes
                 its
                 commencement
                 6.
                 
                 miles
                 off
                 the
                 City
                 ,
                 and
                 extends
                 it self
                 20.
                 miles
                 long
                 ,
                 to
                 the
                 North
                 ,
                 circumscribed
                 with
                 Mountains
                 ,
                 and
                 washed
                 with
                 the
                 River
                 M●…la
                 .
                 In
                 some
                 places
                 t
                 is
                 narrow
                 ,
                 and
                 ●…is
                 most
                 〈◊〉
                 nearest
                 the
                 City
                 :
                 wherein
                 10.
                 miles
                 off
                 the
                 City
                 ,
                 is
                 the
                 rich
                 and
                 Noble
                 Castle
                 and
                 Town
                 
                 Cardone
                 ,
                 much
                 talked
                 off
                 ,
                 for
                 the
                 good
                 Harquebuses
                 there
                 made
                 :
                 It
                 affords
                 Iron
                 Mine
                 ,
                 and
                 that
                 gives
                 cause
                 of
                 the
                 Iron
                 works
                 there
                 built
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 last
                 is
                 the
                 Vale
                 
                   del
                   Sole
                
                 22.
                 miles
                 long
                 ,
                 conjoyned
                 with
                 the
                 
                 other
                 ,
                 through
                 which
                 passeth
                 the
                 River
                 Chiese
                 ,
                 which
                 issues
                 from
                 the
                 Lake
                 Iseo
                 ,
                 washing
                 it
                 for
                 10.
                 miles
                 space
                 ,
                 affording
                 good
                 Fish
                 ,
                 especially
                 Trouts
                 ;
                 here
                 also
                 are
                 some
                 Iron
                 works
                 .
                 This
                 Vale
                 divides
                 it self
                 into
                 many
                 Branches
                 ,
                 by
                 many
                 〈◊〉
                 t●…
                 ;
                 and
                 in
                 many
                 places
                 ,
                 is
                 well
                 and
                 neatly
                 planted
                 with
                 Vines
                 and
                 fruitfull
                 Trees
                 :
                 These
                 two
                 last
                 Vales
                 are
                 in
                 the
                 power
                 of
                 the
                 Venetians
                 ,
                 and
                 produce
                 So●…ldiers
                 of
                 great
                 gallantry
                 .
                 The
                 whole
                 Brescian
                 Territory
                 affords
                 neer
                 800000.
                 
                 Souls
                 ,
                 besides
                 what
                 the
                 City
                 it self
                 contains
                 .
              
            
          
           
             
             
               The
               first
               and
               shortest
               way
               from
               BRESCIA
               to
               MILAN
               .
            
             
               Going
               out
               of
               Brescia
               by
               the
               gate
               
                 San
                 Giov●…nni
              
               for
               Milan
               ,
               are
               seen
               
                 ●…caglio
                 Pontoi
              
               ,
               so
               called
               from
               the
               similitude
               of
               
                 Ponto
                 Oglio
              
               ,
               the
               River
               which
               washes
               that
               Castle
               Walls
               :
               Then
               
                 Martinengo
                 ,
                 Triviglio
              
               ,
               and
               Cassano
               ,
               much
               famed
               for
               the
               mortal
               stroke
               there
               received
               by
               Ezzelino
               the
               Tyrant
               of
               Padoua
               ,
               from
               the
               Romans
               ;
               on
               the
               right
               hand
               the
               
                 Campagna
                 Giare
                 di
                 Adda
              
               ,
               then
               the
               Castle
               Caravaggio
               ,
               head
               of
               all
               the
               Giara
               
               
                 di
                 Adda
              
               ,
               strong
               by
               site
               and
               Art
               ,
               rich
               and
               abounding
               .
               Here
               in
               the
               yeer
               1422.
               they
               fable
               an
               appearance
               of
               the
               blessed
               Virgin
               ,
               where
               she
               reposed
               ,
               they
               dugg
               a
               Well
               ,
               whose
               Waters
               are
               good
               for
               all
               infirmities
               ,
               
               there
               also
               ,
               they
               erected
               a
               most
               stately
               Church
               .
               At
               Cassano
               ,
               you
               repass
               the
               River
               Adda
               ,
               then
               travaling
               10.
               miles
               ,
               arrive
               at
               Cassina
               ,
               the
               white
               Hostery
               ,
               then
               10.
               more
               to
               Milan
               ,
               this
               way
               from
               Brecia
               to
               Milan
               ,
               is
               accounted
               50.
               miles
               long
               .
            
          
           
             
               The
               second
               Voyage
               ,
               but
               longer
               ,
               from
               BRESCIA
               to
               MILAN
               .
            
             
               THis
               way
               is
               more
               straight
               and
               long
               ,
               than
               the
               other
               ,
               which
               they
               take
               out
               of
               the
               Gate
               
                 San
                 Nazario
              
               ,
               and
               at
               20.
               miles
               end
               arrive
               at
               the
               
                 Orzi
                 Novi
              
               ,
               whence
               passing
               the
               River
               Oglio
               ,
               they
               come
               to
               the
               most
               noble
               Castle
               Soncino
               ,
               where
               in
               Winter
               time
               they
               make
               a
               certain
               pleasant
               
               Bread
               with
               Almonds
               ,
               they
               also
               make
               Latten
               Candlesticks
               ,
               the
               Inhabitants
               are
               both
               Civil
               and
               courteous
               .
               This
               Castle
               is
               endowed
               with
               the
               Title
               of
               a
               Marquisate
               ,
               and
               belongs
               to
               the
               State
               of
               Milan
               ,
               over
               the
               Gate
               whereof
               are
               set
               the
               Arms
               of
               Spain
               .
               In
               Soncino
               ,
               the
               Tyrant
               of
               
                 Padeua
                 ,
                 Ezzelino
              
               ,
               would
               needs
               dye
               ,
               born
               of
               Saxon
               blood
               ,
               and
               70.
               yeers
               old
               ,
               who
               having
               received
               a
               mortal
               wound
               in
               one
               Knee
               ,
               from
               the
               Army
               in
               Cassano
               ,
               would
               not
               permit
               them
               to
               dress
               the
               wound
               ,
               nor
               apply
               any
               remedy
               ,
               where
               he
               unhappily
               and
               Meritoriously
               abandoned
               this
               Life
               ;
               five
               miles
               farther
               lies
               Romanengo
               ,
               and
               so
               much
               more
               far
               Crema
               ,
               which
               on
               the
               East
               is
               washed
               by
               the
               River
               Serio
               .
               This
               Crema
               was
               antiently
               one
               of
               the
               four
               principal
               Castles
               of
               Italy
               ,
               
               but
               is
               at
               present
               a
               City
               ,
               and
               an
               Episcopal
               Seat
               ,
               t
               is
               placed
               in
               an
               ample
               plain
               ,
               fortified
               with
               Rampants
               and
               Ovals
               ,
               well
               enriched
               ,
               full
               of
               civil
               People
               ,
               replenisht
               with
               Houses
               ,
               abounding
               with
               human
               necessaries
               ,
               and
               under
               the
               Government
               of
               the
               Venetians
               .
               The
               Domo
               ,
               the
               Tower
               ,
               the
               Piazza
               ,
               and
               the
               Palace
               of
               the
               Podesta
               ,
               are
               worth
               a
               visit
               .
               The
               Podestà
               which
               the
               Venetians
               commissionate
               thither
               ,
               governs
               46.
               other
               places
               ;
               here
               the
               women
               get
               well
               by
               whitening
               sowing
               thread
               ,
               and
               weaving
               of
               Linnen
               Cloth.
               Thence
               (
               passing
               the
               River
               Torno
               )
               10.
               miles
               farther
               is
               
                 Lodi
                 (
                 Laus
                 Pomponia
              
               by
               the
               ●…omans
               )
               
               
               a
               great
               City
               on
               the
               side
               of
               the
               River
               Ada
               ,
               famous
               for
               the
               Cheese
               made
               there
               not
               much
               inferiour
               to
               the
               Parmisen
               ;
               then
               Malignano
               ,
               a
               Castle
               honoured
               with
               the
               Title
               of
               Marquisate
               of
               the
               Noble
               Family
               of
               the
               Medici
               at
               Milan
               ,
               and
               so
               to
               Milan
               ,
               this
               way
               is
               62.
               miles
               long
               .
               All
               which
               way
               is
               like
               a
               Garden
               ,
               the
               high-ways
               streight
               ,
               &
               Level
               on
               both
               sides
               whereof
               ,
               run
               chanels
               of
               Water
               ,
               on
               each
               side
               of
               which
               are
               planted
               Trees
               ,
               up
               which
               run
               their
               Vines
               ,
               and
               the
               Fields
               are
               some
               Meadows
               ,
               and
               the
               rest
               yeeld
               plenty
               of
               Corn.
               
            
          
           
             
               The
               third
               Journey
               from
               BRESCIA
               to
               MILAN
               by
               the
               way
               of
               BERGAMO
               .
            
             
               PArting
               from
               Brescia
               by
               the
               Gate
               
                 San
                 Giovanni
              
               ,
               passing
               the
               
                 Torrent
                 Mela
              
               ,
               are
               seen
               the
               Castles
               Cacaglio
               ,
               and
               Palazzuolo
               afore
               named
               ,
               and
               on
               the
               other
               side
               of
               the
               River
               Oglio
               ,
               the
               Village
               Malpaga
               ,
               built
               in
               a
               fayr
               plain
               by
               
                 Bartolemeo
                 Coleone
              
               of
               Bergamo
               ,
               who
               
               there
               ended
               his
               days
               ,
               at
               76.
               yeers
               of
               Age
               ,
               and
               was
               buried
               in
               Bergamo
               .
               In
               honour
               of
               whome
               for
               having
               been
               the
               most
               valiant
               and
               faithfull
               Captain
               of
               the
               Venetian
               Army
               ,
               is
               erected
               his
               Statue
               on
               Horseback
               gilt
               all
               over
               ,
               with
               a
               Marble
               Basis
               ,
               before
               the
               Church
               
                 San
                 Giovanni
              
               ,
               and
               Paolo
               in
               Venice
               .
               On
               the
               left
               hand
               lies
               Orgiano
               and
               
                 S.
                 Maria
              
               of
               Basella
               a
               Church
               with
               a
               fayr
               monastery
               for
               preaching
               Fryers
               ;
               whence
               passing
               a
               Noble
               Bridge
               over
               the
               River
               Serio
               ,
               you
               arrive
               at
               Bergamo
               30.
               miles
               from
               Brescia
               .
            
             
               
                 BERGAMO
                 .
              
               
                 THe
                 City
                 of
                 Bergamo
                 ,
                 is
                 so
                 antient
                 that
                 its
                 founders
                 are
                 not
                 known
                 ,
                 yet
                 some
                 avert
                 they
                 were
                 the
                 Orobii
                 which
                 in
                 greek
                 signifies
                 Inhabitants
                 of
                 the
                 Mountains
                 .
                 
                   Giovanni
                   Annio
                
                 of
                 Viterba
                 with
                 
                   Giovanno
                   Chrisostomo
                   Zancho
                
                 ,
                 much
                 labour
                 to
                 demonstrate
                 and
                 prove
                 the
                 Antiquity
                 of
                 Bergamo
                 ,
                 and
                 wherefore
                 so
                 named
                 ,
                 by
                 many
                 etimologies
                 of
                 the
                 word
                 ,
                 as
                 well
                 in
                 Greek
                 ,
                 as
                 in
                 Hebrew
                 ,
                 and
                 in
                 the
                 end
                 conclude
                 it
                 to
                 be
                 thus
                 called
                 in
                 Hebrew
                 ,
                 which
                 in
                 Latin
                 sounds
                 ,
                 
                   Inonditorum
                   clypeata
                   civitas
                   ,
                   vel
                   Gallorum
                   Regia
                   Urbs
                   ,
                   quae
                   a
                   Graecis
                   Archipolis
                   ,
                   a
                   recentioribus
                   autem
                   Latinis
                   tum
                   princeps
                   ,
                   tum
                   Ducalis
                   Civitas
                   appellari
                   solet
                   .
                
                 And
                 a
                 little
                 further
                 say
                 .
                 
                   Igitur
                   Bergomum
                   Regalem
                   ve
                   terum
                   Gallorum
                   urbem
                   extitisse
                   ,
                   nomen
                   ipsum
                   manifestissime
                   docet
                   .
                
              
               
                 Others
                 are
                 of
                 opinion
                 ,
                 that
                 ●…was
                 first
                 built
                 by
                 the
                 Tuscans
                 ,
                 and
                 afterwards
                 restored
                 and
                 enlarged
                 by
                 the
                 
                   Galli
                   Cenomani
                
                 :
                 Its
                 Country
                 towards
                 the
                 East
                 is
                 plain
                 ,
                 sertile
                 ,
                 and
                 productive
                 of
                 Fruit.
                 On
                 the
                 North
                 and
                 VVest
                 ,
                 rugged
                 ,
                 Mountainous
                 ,
                 and
                 barren
                 .
                 T
                 is
                 rendred
                 a
                 very
                 strong
                 City
                 ,
                 by
                 those
                 thick
                 walls
                 which
                 inviron
                 it
                 ,
                 and
                 those
                 bulwarks
                 ,
                 and
                 other
                 engins
                 of
                 War
                 ,
                 which
                 for
                 its
                 detence
                 against
                 Enemies
                 the
                 Venetians
                 have
                 erected
                 .
                 T
                 is
                 small
                 and
                 seated
                 on
                 the
                 side
                 of
                 the
                 Mountains
                 .
                 It
                 hath
                 two
                 Burroughs
                 conjoyned
                 with
                 it
                 ,
                 where
                 they
                 have
                 raised
                 stately
                 edifices
                 as
                 well
                 for
                 Divine
                 worship
                 as
                 private
                 Citizens
                 habitations
                 .
                 In
                 one
                 of
                 which
                 is
                 yeerly
                 kept
                 a
                 Fayr
                 which
                 begins
                 on
                 the
                 day
                 of
                 Saint
                 Bartolemo
                 ,
                 and
                 continues
                 for
                 many
                 
                 days
                 ,
                 whither
                 the
                 vast
                 quantity
                 of
                 Merchandize
                 invites
                 as
                 much
                 People
                 ,
                 as
                 
                   Italians
                   ,
                   Germans
                   ,
                   Grizons
                
                 ,
                 and
                 Switzers
                 :
                 The
                 Ayr
                 is
                 most
                 serene
                 there
                 ,
                 and
                 its
                 Territory
                 produceth
                 sweet
                 wines
                 ,
                 Oyl
                 ,
                 and
                 many
                 pleasant
                 fruits
                 .
                 In
                 some
                 places
                 (
                 for
                 want
                 of
                 Land
                 either
                 fit
                 for
                 tillage
                 or
                 Vines
                 )
                 the
                 people
                 employ
                 themselves
                 in
                 working
                 Woollen
                 and
                 Linnen
                 Clothes
                 ,
                 which
                 they
                 afterwards
                 carry
                 into
                 all
                 parts
                 of
                 Italy
                 .
                 Their
                 Language
                 is
                 very
                 rustick
                 ,
                 but
                 that
                 renders
                 not
                 the
                 People
                 so
                 ,
                 who
                 are
                 civil
                 and
                 ingenuous
                 ,
                 and
                 no
                 less
                 disposed
                 to
                 Learning
                 than
                 Trade
                 ,
                 whence
                 it
                 took
                 the
                 surname
                 of
                 Bergamo
                 the
                 witty
                 .
              
               
                 It
                 hath
                 produced
                 many
                 noble
                 Wits
                 ,
                 who
                 by
                 their
                 excellent
                 virtues
                 have
                 added
                 to
                 its
                 Lustre
                 :
                 Whereof
                 were
                 
                   Alberico
                   di
                   Rosato
                
                 ,
                 Doctor
                 of
                 Laws
                 ,
                 and
                 
                   Ambrogio
                   Calepino
                
                 ,
                 whose
                 works
                 no
                 ingenuous
                 person
                 neglects
                 to
                 have
                 .
                 Fryer
                 Damiano
                 ,
                 a
                 convertite
                 of
                 the
                 order
                 of
                 Preachers
                 ,
                 was
                 a
                 man
                 of
                 so
                 great
                 Ingenuity
                 (
                 in
                 cementing
                 pieces
                 of
                 several
                 woods
                 together
                 ,
                 with
                 such
                 artifice
                 ,
                 that
                 they
                 have
                 been
                 often
                 mistaken
                 for
                 Pictures
                 drawn
                 with
                 a
                 pencel
                 )
                 that
                 his
                 fellow
                 hath
                 not
                 been
                 known
                 herein
                 .
                 Fryer
                 Pagano
                 of
                 the
                 same
                 Order
                 ,
                 gave
                 excellent
                 example
                 of
                 constancy
                 at
                 his
                 death
                 given
                 him
                 by
                 the
                 Hereticks
                 .
                 Hence
                 also
                 ,
                 have
                 issued
                 men
                 of
                 great
                 Judgment
                 and
                 Counsel
                 ,
                 to
                 govern
                 the
                 Republick
                 ,
                 particularly
                 of
                 the
                 Family
                 of
                 Foresti
                 ,
                 with
                 many
                 Cardinals
                 ,
                 Prelates
                 ,
                 and
                 excellent
                 Captains
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 first
                 Advancer
                 of
                 the
                 Christian
                 Religion
                 in
                 this
                 City
                 ,
                 was
                 Saint
                 Barnabas
                 ,
                 a
                 Disciple
                 of
                 Christ
                 ,
                 in
                 the
                 25th
                 .
                 yeer
                 of
                 our
                 Salvation
                 ;
                 together
                 with
                 Anatolone
                 the
                 Greek
                 ,
                 and
                 Caio
                 the
                 Roman
                 ,
                 giving
                 it
                 for
                 Bishop
                 Narino
                 one
                 of
                 its
                 Citizens
                 ;
                 who
                 having
                 governed
                 it
                 with
                 great
                 sanctity
                 of
                 Life
                 and
                 Religion
                 for
                 thirty
                 yeers
                 ,
                 deceased
                 ,
                 and
                 was
                 there
                 interred
                 :
                 whom
                 many
                 holy
                 Bishops
                 from
                 one
                 to
                 another
                 have
                 succeeded
                 .
              
               
                 In
                 the
                 Domo
                 of
                 Bergamo
                 ,
                 are
                 25.
                 
                 Bodies
                 of
                 Saints
                 ,
                 kept
                 with
                 great
                 devotion
                 .
                 Where
                 near
                 the
                 high
                 Altar
                 stands
                 the
                 Sepulchre
                 of
                 
                   Bartolomeo
                   Coleone
                
                 ,
                 a
                 famous
                 Captain
                 ,
                 and
                 Citizen
                 of
                 it
                 ,
                 with
                 his
                 Effigies
                 in
                 Marble
                 ,
                 which
                 he
                 caused
                 to
                 be
                 cut
                 for
                 him
                 by
                 the
                 Life
                 ,
                 the
                 Epitaph
                 whereof
                 follows
                 .
                 
                   Bartholomeus
                   Colleonus
                   de
                   Andegania
                   virtute
                   immortalitatem
                   adeptus
                   ,
                   usque
                   adeo
                   in
                   re
                   militari
                   fuit
                   illustris
                   ,
                   &
                   non
                   modo
                   tunc
                   viventium
                   gloriam
                   longè
                   excesserit
                   ,
                   sed
                   etiam
                   posteris
                   spem
                   enim
                   citandi
                   ademerit
                   ,
                   saepius
                   enim
                   à
                   diversis
                   Principibus
                   ,
                   ac
                   deinceps
                   ab
                   Illustrissimo
                   Veneto
                   Senatu
                   accepto
                   Imperio
                   ,
                   Tandem
                   totius
                   Christianorum
                   exercitus
                   sub
                   Paulo
                   Secundo
                   Pont.
                   Max.
                   delectus
                   fuit
                   Imperator
                   :
                   Cujus
                   acies
                   quatuordecim
                   annos
                   ,
                   ab
                   ejus
                   obitu
                   solo
                   jam
                   defuncti
                   Imperatoris
                   ,
                   tanquam
                   vivi
                   nomine
                   militantis
                   jussa
                   ,
                   cujus
                   alias
                   contempserunt
                   .
                   Obiit
                   Anno
                   Domini
                   1475.
                   quarto
                   nonas
                   Novembris
                   .
                
              
               
                 In
                 the
                 Church
                 of
                 Saint
                 Agostino
                 is
                 the
                 Tomb
                 of
                 Fryer
                 
                   Ambrogio
                   Calepino
                
                 ,
                 who
                 with
                 great
                 diligence
                 and
                 industry
                 ,
                 collected
                 all
                 the
                 Latin
                 words
                 in
                 a
                 form
                 approved
                 by
                 the
                 gravest
                 writers
                 :
                 whose
                 works
                 are
                 known
                 to
                 all
                 the
                 World
                 ,
                 being
                 divulged
                 where
                 ever
                 the
                 Latine
                 Tongue
                 is
                 spoken
                 .
              
               
                 Bergamo
                 ,
                 together
                 with
                 its
                 Burroughs
                 ,
                 contains
                 a
                 great
                 number
                 of
                 
                 Souls
                 :
                 Above
                 it
                 stands
                 the
                 Capella
                 ,
                 or
                 Chapel
                 ,
                 a
                 place
                 strong
                 by
                 its
                 site
                 upon
                 a
                 high
                 Mountain
                 ,
                 and
                 by
                 the
                 most
                 impregnable
                 Walls
                 wherewith
                 it
                 was
                 encompassed
                 by
                 
                   Luchino
                   Visconte
                
                 Lord
                 of
                 Milano
                 and
                 Bergamo
                 :
                 but
                 at
                 this
                 time
                 t
                 is
                 wholly
                 abandoned
                 and
                 half
                 ruinated
                 ,
                 being
                 found
                 by
                 experience
                 of
                 little
                 ayd
                 to
                 the
                 City
                 when
                 need
                 required
                 :
                 here
                 at
                 first
                 was
                 layed
                 a
                 foundation
                 for
                 a
                 Monastery
                 for
                 the
                 Order
                 of
                 
                   S.
                   Dominick
                
                 ,
                 and
                 a
                 Chapel
                 built
                 ,
                 whence
                 called
                 Capello
                 .
              
               
                 Bergamo
                 was
                 long
                 time
                 subject
                 to
                 the
                 Roman
                 Empire
                 ;
                 after
                 whose
                 fall
                 t
                 was
                 burnt
                 by
                 Attila
                 ;
                 then
                 it
                 was
                 yoaked
                 to
                 the
                 Longobardi
                 ,
                 who
                 styled
                 themselves
                 Dukes
                 thereof
                 ;
                 then
                 reduced
                 under
                 the
                 power
                 of
                 Kings
                 of
                 Italy
                 :
                 and
                 so
                 continued
                 till
                 the
                 daies
                 of
                 
                   Filippo
                   Turciano
                
                 ,
                 who
                 became
                 Lord
                 thereof
                 Anno
                 1264.
                 
                 After
                 it
                 was
                 Subjugated
                 by
                 Luchino
                 the
                 Viscount
                 .
                 Then
                 
                   Mastino
                   della
                   Scalla
                
                 made
                 himself
                 Lord
                 thereof
                 .
                 By
                 whom
                 some
                 time
                 after
                 t
                 was
                 sold
                 to
                 
                   Pandolfo
                   Malatesta
                
                 for
                 thirty
                 thousand
                 Duckats
                 of
                 Gold.
                 And
                 after
                 it
                 had
                 been
                 some
                 times
                 occupied
                 by
                 the
                 French
                 ,
                 of
                 its
                 own
                 accord
                 it
                 gave
                 it self
                 to
                 the
                 Venetians
                 ,
                 under
                 whom
                 it
                 peaceably
                 reposeth
                 to
                 this
                 day
                 .
                 If
                 farther
                 and
                 more
                 at
                 large
                 any
                 one
                 defires
                 to
                 be
                 satisfied
                 in
                 the
                 history
                 of
                 Bergamo
                 ,
                 let
                 him
                 read
                 the
                 book
                 entitled
                 ,
                 
                   La
                   Vigna
                   di
                   Bergamo
                
                 .
              
               
                 Serio
                 runs
                 close
                 by
                 Bergamo
                 ,
                 deriving
                 its
                 source
                 from
                 those
                 Mountains
                 ,
                 
                 between
                 which
                 towards
                 the
                 North
                 are
                 6
                 vales
                 .
                 The
                 first
                 is
                 called
                 
                   La
                   vale
                   Seriana
                
                 ,
                 from
                 the
                 River
                 Serio's
                 running
                 through
                 it
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 well
                 peopled
                 ,
                 who
                 by
                 Tolomeo
                 are
                 called
                 Beccunni
                 .
                 The
                 second
                 is
                 
                   Vale
                   Brombana
                
                 ,
                 so
                 named
                 from
                 its
                 vicinity
                 with
                 the
                 Banks
                 of
                 the
                 River
                 
                 
                   Brembo
                   ▪
                
                 each
                 of
                 which
                 are
                 extended
                 for
                 thirty
                 miles
                 long
                 .
                 The
                 
                 third
                 is
                 
                   Vale
                   di
                   San
                   Martino
                
                 ,
                 15.
                 miles
                 long
                 .
                 The
                 fourrh
                 ,
                 
                   Vale
                   di
                   Calepio
                
                 ,
                 
                 the
                 fifth
                 ,
                 
                   Vale
                   di
                   Ohiusontio
                
                 ,
                 the
                 sixth
                 ,
                 
                   Val
                   di
                   Manca
                
                 ;
                 in
                 which
                 between
                 Towns
                 ,
                 Villages
                 ,
                 and
                 Hamlets
                 ,
                 are
                 numbred
                 200.
                 
                 Inhabited
                 places
                 ,
                 of
                 which
                 the
                 chief
                 are
                 
                   Calepio
                   ,
                   Lever
                   de
                   Chiusonto
                
                 ,
                 and
                 Vertua
                 ,
                 where
                 they
                 make
                 excellent
                 Woollen
                 Clothes
                 .
                 On
                 this
                 side
                 the
                 Territory
                 of
                 Bergamo
                 extends
                 it self
                 28.
                 miles
                 .
                 Upon
                 Calepio
                 is
                 the
                 strong
                 Castle
                 Leuco
                 ,
                 where
                 a
                 Bridge
                 conjoyns
                 both
                 the
                 Banks
                 of
                 Adda
                 .
                 On
                 the
                 
                   West
                   Bergamo
                
                 hath
                 the
                 City
                 of
                 
                   Como
                   ,
                   Monza
                
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 
                 Hills
                 of
                 Brianza
                 ,
                 towards
                 the
                 
                   East
                   Brescia
                
                 ,
                 and
                 towards
                 the
                 
                   South
                   Crema
                
                 with
                 the
                 above-described
                 Places
                 .
                 Bergamo
                 is
                 accounted
                 32.
                 miles
                 from
                 Milan
                 ,
                 having
                 on
                 the
                 right
                 hand
                 the
                 Rivers
                 Brembo
                 which
                 dischargeth
                 it self
                 into
                 the
                 Adda
                 ,
                 further
                 on
                 ,
                 near
                 the
                 Adda
                 is
                 the
                 well-fortified
                 Castle
                 of
                 Trezzo
                 ,
                 reared
                 by
                 Bernardo
                 Viscount
                 of
                 
                   Milan
                   ,
                   Anno
                
                 1370.
                 together
                 with
                 that
                 artificial
                 Bridge
                 ,
                 which
                 on
                 the
                 left
                 hand
                 over
                 the
                 Adda
                 discovers
                 it self
                 with
                 the
                 abovenamed
                 Places
                 .
                 At
                 twelve
                 miles
                 distance
                 from
                 Bergamo
                 stands
                 Colonica
                 a
                 small
                 Village
                 ,
                 where
                 imbarking
                 you
                 psss
                 20
                 :
                 miles
                 in
                 the
                 Water
                 and
                 so
                 arrive
                 at
                 Milan
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 CREMA
                 .
              
               
                 THe
                 Relation
                 of
                 this
                 City
                 should
                 have
                 been
                 placed
                 between
                 the
                 narrations
                 of
                 Brescia
                 and
                 Bergamo
                 ,
                 where
                 in
                 the
                 second
                 voyage
                 from
                 Brescia
                 to
                 Milan
                 t
                 is
                 only
                 briesly
                 touched
                 ,
                 but
                 the
                 Author
                 having
                 found
                 himself
                 tardy
                 ,
                 in
                 omitting
                 an
                 account
                 of
                 this
                 esteemed
                 one
                 of
                 the
                 prime
                 Cities
                 of
                 Lombardy
                 ,
                 apollogizeth
                 for
                 his
                 placing
                 it
                 here
                 in
                 the
                 end
                 of
                 this
                 Book
                 ,
                 and
                 promiseth
                 a
                 reformation
                 in
                 the
                 next
                 impress
                 .
              
               
               
                 Being
                 then
                 in
                 the
                 City
                 of
                 Brescia
                 ,
                 and
                 going
                 forth
                 the
                 Gate
                 
                   San
                   Nazario
                
                 ,
                 after
                 twenty
                 miles
                 travel
                 you
                 arrive
                 at
                 
                   Orzi
                   Nuovi
                
                 :
                 and
                 having
                 past
                 the
                 River
                 Oglio
                 find
                 the
                 Castle
                 Soncino
                 :
                 and
                 sive
                 miles
                 more
                 forwards
                 meets
                 Romanengo
                 ,
                 and
                 so
                 many
                 more
                 the
                 City
                 Crema
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 situated
                 in
                 the
                 East
                 shore
                 of
                 the
                 River
                 Serio
                 ,
                 by
                 which
                 t
                 is
                 deliciously
                 washed
                 ;
                 it
                 lies
                 in
                 the
                 Centre
                 of
                 fruitfull
                 Lombardy
                 ,
                 between
                 five
                 illustrious
                 Cities
                 ,
                 at
                 thirty
                 miles
                 distance
                 from
                 each
                 ,
                 which
                 encompasse
                 it
                 like
                 a
                 Crown
                 ,
                 whereof
                 she
                 may
                 be
                 termed
                 the
                 Cross
                 ,
                 that
                 is
                 to
                 say
                 ,
                 
                   Milan
                   ,
                   Bergamo
                   ,
                   Brescia
                   ,
                   Cremona
                   ,
                
                 and
                 Piacenza
                 ,
                 who
                 affording
                 it
                 what
                 it
                 stands
                 in
                 need
                 of
                 ,
                 and
                 expending
                 its
                 superfluities
                 ,
                 concur
                 in
                 the
                 rendring
                 it
                 a
                 rich
                 City
                 ,
                 t
                 is
                 full
                 of
                 regard
                 ,
                 and
                 filled
                 with
                 Merchandize
                 and
                 a
                 haughty
                 self-conceited
                 sort
                 of
                 men
                 ,
                 but
                 better
                 illustrated
                 by
                 their
                 gratious
                 and
                 loving
                 Women
                 ,
                 who
                 flourish
                 ,
                 are
                 free
                 ,
                 and
                 most
                 pompous
                 in
                 their
                 array
                 .
                 It
                 is
                 adorned
                 with
                 sumptuous
                 and
                 magnificent
                 Fabricks
                 ,
                 among
                 which
                 the
                 most
                 conspicuous
                 are
                 the
                 publick
                 Palace
                 ,
                 the
                 Piazza
                 and
                 the
                 Domo
                 with
                 its
                 Tower
                 (
                 wherein
                 is
                 a
                 large
                 Bell
                 )
                 of
                 fair
                 and
                 open
                 Architecture
                 ,
                 with
                 two
                 regardfull
                 Chapels
                 ,
                 one
                 dedicated
                 to
                 the
                 blessed
                 Virgin
                 ,
                 all
                 over
                 garnished
                 with
                 excellent
                 pictures
                 ,
                 the
                 other
                 to
                 Saint
                 Mark
                 no
                 less
                 beautified
                 with
                 gilt
                 Images
                 .
                 Two
                 other
                 not
                 able
                 things
                 this
                 Church
                 owns
                 ,
                 to
                 wit
                 ,
                 that
                 Wooden
                 crucifix
                 ,
                 which
                 in
                 Anno
                 144●…
                 ▪
                 was
                 cast
                 into
                 the
                 Fire
                 by
                 a
                 certain
                 man
                 called
                 
                   Giovanni
                   Alchini
                
                 ,
                 of
                 the
                 faction
                 of
                 
                   Gibellina
                   Bergamesca
                
                 ,
                 which
                 would
                 not
                 burn
                 ▪
                 but
                 is
                 still
                 preserved
                 with
                 the
                 one
                 side
                 a
                 little
                 singed
                 in
                 a
                 particular
                 Chapel
                 ,
                 with
                 great
                 Veneration
                 ,
                 the
                 other
                 is
                 a
                 Key
                 of
                 
                   San
                   Bellino
                
                 ,
                 which
                 hath
                 the
                 foretold
                 miraculous
                 curing
                 virtue
                 of
                 such
                 as
                 are
                 bit
                 by
                 madd
                 Doggs
                 .
              
               
                 In
                 the
                 same
                 Church
                 are
                 conserved
                 certain
                 trophies
                 of
                 Banners
                 ,
                 and
                 a
                 Lanthern
                 of
                 a
                 Gally
                 ,
                 taken
                 together
                 with
                 the
                 Gally
                 in
                 a
                 Naval
                 fight
                 against
                 the
                 Turks
                 ,
                 by
                 a
                 Preacher
                 of
                 the
                 most
                 noble
                 Family
                 of
                 Zurly
                 ,
                 during
                 the
                 fight
                 ,
                 being
                 set
                 at
                 the
                 head
                 of
                 the
                 Gally
                 .
                 Besides
                 the
                 above
                 named
                 Fabricks
                 and
                 things
                 worth
                 seeing
                 in
                 this
                 City
                 ,
                 two
                 Hospitals
                 are
                 valuable
                 .
                 One
                 for
                 the
                 infirm
                 ,
                 the
                 other
                 for
                 the
                 decrepit
                 and
                 outcasts
                 :
                 the
                 sacred
                 Mount
                 of
                 Piety
                 is
                 well
                 endowed
                 ,
                 and
                 governed
                 with
                 great
                 providence
                 by
                 the
                 publick
                 ,
                 to
                 supply
                 the
                 necessities
                 of
                 the
                 City
                 and
                 Country
                 .
              
               
                 There
                 is
                 also
                 a
                 noble
                 Academy
                 for
                 Students
                 ,
                 who
                 under
                 the
                 name
                 of
                 Sospinti
                 ,
                 employ
                 themselves
                 in
                 good
                 exercises
                 with
                 an
                 impulse
                 of
                 generous
                 emulation
                 .
                 Distant
                 a
                 quarter
                 of
                 a
                 mile
                 from
                 the
                 City
                 stands
                 (
                 towards
                 the
                 Castle
                 )
                 a
                 magnificent
                 Temple
                 of
                 great
                 devotion
                 ,
                 named
                 
                   Santa
                   Maria
                   della
                   Croce
                
                 ,
                 of
                 an
                 admirable
                 Structure
                 ,
                 and
                 adorned
                 with
                 many
                 rare
                 Pictures
                 :
                 To
                 this
                 noble
                 and
                 fair
                 City
                 ,
                 though
                 Little
                 (
                 as
                 little
                 best
                 corresponds
                 with
                 little
                 )
                 belongs
                 a
                 small
                 but
                 most
                 fertil
                 Territory
                 ,
                 washed
                 all
                 over
                 with
                 current
                 and
                 Christalline
                 waters
                 ,
                 which
                 affords
                 the
                 City
                 good
                 Fish
                 ,
                 as
                 Lobsters
                 ,
                 Trouts
                 ,
                 Gudgeons
                 ,
                 and
                 Eels
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Country
                 an
                 enriching
                 of
                 their
                 soyl
                 by
                 overflowings
                 ,
                 whereby
                 it
                 yeelds
                 great
                 plenty
                 of
                 Corn
                 and
                 Grass
                 ,
                 the
                 first
                 whereof
                 they
                 have
                 for
                 their
                 own
                 use
                 and
                 other
                 Cities
                 ,
                 and
                 with
                 the
                 second
                 they
                 make
                 incomparable
                 cheese
                 .
              
               
                 But
                 that
                 wherewith
                 it
                 most
                 abounds
                 is
                 Flax
                 ,
                 which
                 after
                 made
                 into
                 the
                 finest
                 Drapery
                 is
                 spent
                 all
                 over
                 Italy
                 .
              
               
                 In
                 its
                 territories
                 though
                 small
                 ,
                 are
                 contained
                 fifty
                 four
                 Villages
                 ,
                 
                 and
                 Towns
                 ,
                 the
                 chief
                 whereof
                 are
                 ,
                 
                   Monte
                   dine
                   ,
                   Stanengo
                   ,
                   Camisano
                   ,
                   Tetrore
                   ,
                   Vaiano
                   ,
                   Bagnelo
                   ,
                   Madegnano
                   ,
                
                 being
                 all
                 most
                 populous
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Original
                 of
                 this
                 City
                 ,
                 was
                 taken
                 from
                 its
                 situation
                 ,
                 for
                 being
                 invironed
                 then
                 with
                 the
                 three
                 Rivers
                 ,
                 
                   Ada
                   ,
                   Oglio
                
                 and
                 Serio
                 ,
                 it
                 was
                 very
                 strong
                 ,
                 and
                 that
                 strength
                 as
                 is
                 believed
                 invited
                 many
                 noble
                 men
                 of
                 the
                 neighbouring
                 Cities
                 (
                 in
                 the
                 time
                 of
                 the
                 Wars
                 of
                 Albonio
                 King
                 of
                 the
                 Longobards
                 )
                 to
                 retire
                 themselves
                 thither
                 ,
                 and
                 from
                 Cremete
                 one
                 of
                 the
                 chief
                 of
                 those
                 Nobles
                 it
                 took
                 its
                 name
                 .
                 For
                 Forty
                 yeers
                 it
                 maintained
                 it self
                 in
                 liberty
                 ,
                 but
                 then
                 she
                 with
                 the
                 other
                 Cities
                 of
                 Italy
                 suffered
                 shipwrack
                 ,
                 being
                 by
                 the
                 
                   Longobards
                   ,
                   Frederick
                   Barbarossa
                
                 and
                 others
                 ,
                 many
                 times
                 ,
                 taken
                 ,
                 burnt
                 ,
                 sacked
                 ,
                 and
                 destroyed
                 ,
                 and
                 subjugated
                 sometimes
                 to
                 the
                 Emperors
                 ,
                 sometimes
                 to
                 the
                 French
                 ,
                 and
                 sometimes
                 to
                 the
                 Germans
                 .
                 But
                 now
                 t
                 is
                 governed
                 by
                 the
                 most
                 Serene
                 Republick
                 of
                 Venice
                 under
                 whom
                 it
                 hath
                 the
                 privilege
                 to
                 keep
                 every
                 yeer
                 a
                 Fair
                 beginning
                 at
                 the
                 end
                 of
                 September
                 being
                 frequented
                 with
                 innumerable
                 concourse
                 of
                 People
                 ,
                 divers
                 Merchandizes
                 and
                 Commodities
                 ,
                 and
                 great
                 store
                 of
                 Cattle
                 of
                 all
                 sorts
                 .
              
               
                 It
                 ever
                 was
                 the
                 Mother
                 of
                 illustrious
                 persons
                 ,
                 as
                 well
                 learned
                 in
                 all
                 the
                 sciences
                 ,
                 as
                 famous
                 Captains
                 ,
                 eminent
                 Engineers
                 ,
                 Generals
                 of
                 Armies
                 ,
                 writers
                 of
                 Histories
                 ,
                 as
                 well
                 Moral
                 as
                 Divine
                 ,
                 Prelates
                 of
                 the
                 greatest
                 Negotiations
                 ,
                 and
                 Cardinals
                 ,
                 some
                 whereof
                 have
                 possessed
                 the
                 Pontificial
                 Chayr
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 MILAN
                 the
                 great
                 .
              
               
                 MIlan
                 was
                 an
                 antient
                 and
                 illustrious
                 City
                 ,
                 and
                 for
                 a
                 long
                 time
                 (
                 through
                 its
                 beauty
                 remained
                 an
                 imperial
                 Seat.
                 )
                 Behind
                 its
                 shoulders
                 rise
                 those
                 Mountains
                 which
                 separate
                 Italy
                 .
                 Before
                 it
                 is
                 a
                 long
                 and
                 spatious
                 Plain
                 which
                 extending
                 it self
                 above
                 200.
                 miles
                 ,
                 reacheth
                 the
                 Church
                 lands
                 between
                 Rimio
                 and
                 Pesaro
                 on
                 the
                 one
                 side
                 ,
                 and
                 Istria
                 and
                 Osia
                 ,
                 on
                 the
                 other
                 side
                 .
                 Whereof
                 Polibius
                 writes
                 thus
                 .
                 There
                 is
                 a
                 plain
                 ,
                 between
                 the
                 Alps
                 and
                 the
                 Apennines
                 of
                 a
                 triangular
                 Forn
                 ,
                 wherein
                 are
                 pleasant
                 Fields
                 above
                 all
                 the
                 Fields
                 not
                 only
                 of
                 Italy
                 but
                 all
                 Europe
                 .
                 Of
                 which
                 Triangle
                 ,
                 the
                 Apennines
                 form
                 one
                 side
                 ,
                 the
                 Alps
                 another
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Adriatick
                 Sea
                 or
                 Gulf
                 of
                 Venice
                 (
                 as
                 it
                 were
                 the
                 basis
                 to
                 the
                 other
                 two
                 )
                 makes
                 up
                 the
                 third
                 side
                 .
              
               
                 And
                 although
                 Milan
                 was
                 heretofore
                 a
                 small
                 Town
                 ,
                 it
                 was
                 nevertheless
                 much
                 aggrandized
                 and
                 amplified
                 by
                 Belovese
                 King
                 of
                 the
                 Galls
                 ,
                 having
                 environed
                 it
                 with
                 a
                 Wall
                 24.
                 foot
                 broad
                 ,
                 and
                 64.
                 feet
                 high
                 ,
                 which
                 compassed
                 in
                 all
                 the
                 Streets
                 and
                 round
                 of
                 the
                 City
                 :
                 in
                 which
                 Wall
                 were
                 raised
                 130.
                 
                 Bulwarks
                 ,
                 and
                 Towers
                 of
                 immense
                 bigness
                 and
                 heighth
                 ,
                 which
                 had
                 six
                 principal
                 Gates
                 .
                 This
                 was
                 effected
                 270
                 yeers
                 before
                 Brenta
                 King
                 of
                 the
                 Senoni
                 ,
                 fell
                 down
                 into
                 Italy
                 ,
                 who
                 threw
                 down
                 and
                 levelled
                 it
                 with
                 the
                 Foundations
                 .
                 But
                 the
                 Roman
                 Senate
                 having
                 restored
                 it
                 to
                 its
                 first
                 form
                 and
                 beauty
                 ,
                 and
                 being
                 increased
                 in
                 Riches
                 and
                 People
                 ,
                 Attila
                 King
                 of
                 the
                 Hunns
                 descending
                 into
                 Italy
                 ,
                 ruined
                 it
                 once
                 more
                 .
              
               
                 Afterwards
                 ,
                 t
                 was
                 again
                 rebuilt
                 by
                 the
                 Arch-Bishop
                 Eusebius
                 ,
                 rearing
                 the
                 Wall
                 again
                 ,
                 and
                 re-edifying
                 the
                 ruinated
                 Building
                 .
                 And
                 one
                 hundred
                 yeers
                 after
                 ,
                 that
                 is
                 in
                 
                   Anno
                   Salutis
                
                 577.
                 the
                 Goths
                 exercised
                 so
                 great
                 cruelty
                 towards
                 the
                 Milanesi
                 ,
                 that
                 after
                 they
                 had
                 cast
                 
                 down
                 the
                 Walls
                 ,
                 and
                 Edifices
                 ,
                 they
                 in
                 one
                 day
                 slew
                 thirty
                 thousand
                 Citizens
                 .
              
               
                 This
                 City
                 was
                 likewise
                 ill
                 treated
                 by
                 Erimberto
                 Brother
                 of
                 the
                 King
                 of
                 France
                 ,
                 and
                 by
                 
                   Federick
                   Barbarossa
                
                 the
                 Emperor
                 :
                 who
                 with
                 intendment
                 of
                 its
                 perpetual
                 desolation
                 ploughed
                 &
                 sowed
                 it
                 w
                 th
                 .
                 salt
                 ,
                 but
                 being
                 afterwards
                 reconciled
                 to
                 the
                 Citizens
                 ,
                 he
                 restored
                 it
                 to
                 its
                 former
                 beauty
                 ,
                 encompassing
                 it
                 round
                 with
                 a
                 wall
                 ,
                 wherein
                 were
                 set
                 out
                 six
                 principal
                 Gates
                 :
                 At
                 which
                 time
                 ,
                 viz.
                 in
                 the
                 1177.
                 year
                 ,
                 the
                 circnit
                 of
                 it
                 was
                 six
                 miles
                 without
                 the
                 suburbs
                 ,
                 but
                 now
                 there
                 is
                 a
                 Wall
                 drawn
                 round
                 ,
                 which
                 comprehends
                 therein
                 the
                 Suburbs
                 also
                 ,
                 which
                 was
                 done
                 by
                 Gonzaga
                 Lieutenant
                 of
                 the
                 Emperor
                 Charls
                 the
                 5th
                 .
                 and
                 is
                 in
                 circumference
                 ten
                 miles
                 ,
                 having
                 very
                 deep
                 Fosses
                 or
                 Ditches
                 ,
                 and
                 ten
                 Gates
                 .
              
               
                 This
                 City
                 ,
                 before
                 the
                 coming
                 of
                 Belloveso
                 ,
                 as
                 is
                 aforesaid
                 ,
                 was
                 but
                 a
                 Town
                 called
                 Subria
                 built
                 by
                 the
                 Tuscans
                 ,
                 then
                 Belloveso
                 coming
                 from
                 Gallia
                 ,
                 beat
                 out
                 the
                 Tuscans
                 ,
                 aggrandized
                 and
                 much
                 beautified
                 the
                 Town
                 :
                 As
                 to
                 the
                 name
                 Mediolano
                 ,
                 as
                 formerly
                 called
                 ,
                 diverse
                 are
                 the
                 opinions
                 ,
                 some
                 say
                 t
                 was
                 so
                 called
                 for
                 that
                 it
                 was
                 seated
                 between
                 two
                 Rivers
                 ,
                 the
                 Adda
                 and
                 the
                 Tesino
                 .
                 Others
                 say
                 ,
                 that
                 name
                 was
                 imposed
                 on
                 it
                 by
                 Belloveso
                 by
                 the
                 command
                 of
                 the
                 Gods
                 ,
                 giving
                 him
                 to
                 understand
                 ,
                 that
                 he
                 should
                 build
                 a
                 City
                 where
                 he
                 should
                 find
                 a
                 Farrowing
                 Sow
                 ,
                 half
                 black
                 and
                 half
                 white
                 ,
                 with
                 Wool
                 between
                 her
                 shoulders
                 :
                 Whence
                 finding
                 such
                 a
                 Sow
                 in
                 that
                 place
                 ,
                 and
                 esteeming
                 it
                 a
                 good
                 augure
                 and
                 praesage
                 ,
                 he
                 built
                 it
                 ,
                 naming
                 it
                 Mediolana
                 ,
                 as
                 much
                 as
                 to
                 say
                 ,
                 
                   Meza
                   Lana
                
                 ,
                 or
                 half
                 Wool
                 ,
                 in
                 remembrance
                 of
                 which
                 thing
                 we
                 find
                 in
                 a
                 Marble
                 over
                 the
                 Gate
                 of
                 the
                 Palace
                 of
                 Merchants
                 the
                 shape
                 and
                 figure
                 of
                 the
                 said
                 Scrofa
                 or
                 Farrowing
                 Sow
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Galls
                 kept
                 the
                 Dominion
                 of
                 this
                 City
                 ,
                 a
                 long
                 time
                 ,
                 under
                 Belloveso
                 and
                 his
                 Successors
                 ,
                 till
                 they
                 were
                 beaten
                 out
                 by
                 the
                 Romans
                 ,
                 who
                 subjected
                 it
                 for
                 a
                 great
                 while
                 to
                 them
                 ,
                 under
                 whom
                 it
                 augmented
                 in
                 riches
                 and
                 People
                 ,
                 chiefly
                 under
                 the
                 Emperors
                 as
                 well
                 Greek
                 as
                 Latine
                 ;
                 some
                 whereof
                 much
                 delighted
                 to
                 reside
                 there
                 ,
                 invited
                 thereto
                 by
                 the
                 beauty
                 of
                 the
                 place
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 comodiousness
                 of
                 managing
                 the
                 Wars
                 against
                 the
                 French
                 and
                 Germans
                 ,
                 as
                 necessity
                 required
                 .
                 It
                 so
                 much
                 humoured
                 Trajan
                 ,
                 the
                 Emperor
                 ,
                 that
                 he
                 there
                 built
                 that
                 proud
                 Palace
                 which
                 to
                 this
                 day
                 retains
                 his
                 memory
                 .
              
               
                 
                   Adrian
                   ,
                   Massiminian
                   ,
                   Hercules
                   ,
                   Filippo
                
                 a
                 Christian
                 Emperor
                 ,
                 
                   Constantine
                   ,
                   Constanzo
                   ,
                   Theodosio
                
                 ,
                 with
                 many
                 other
                 Emperors
                 ,
                 dwelt
                 there
                 ,
                 left
                 most
                 stately
                 Edifices
                 ,
                 and
                 caused
                 four
                 Wi-draughts
                 or
                 Common
                 shores
                 to
                 be
                 dugg
                 ,
                 which
                 continue
                 to
                 this
                 day
                 .
                 Afterwards
                 it
                 became
                 subject
                 to
                 the
                 Goths
                 ,
                 and
                 to
                 the
                 Longobards
                 ,
                 who
                 being
                 driven
                 out
                 by
                 Charls
                 the
                 great
                 ,
                 it
                 came
                 under
                 the
                 power
                 of
                 the
                 Emperors
                 .
                 In
                 which
                 time
                 
                   Contado
                   Suevio
                
                 being
                 Emperor
                 ,
                 it
                 began
                 to
                 take
                 boldness
                 and
                 aspire
                 to
                 Liberty
                 ,
                 when
                 Justice
                 was
                 administred
                 by
                 the
                 Captains
                 and
                 other
                 Officers
                 elected
                 by
                 the
                 People
                 uniting
                 with
                 them
                 the
                 Primate
                 or
                 Arch-Bishop
                 of
                 the
                 City
                 ,
                 by
                 the
                 Peoples
                 election
                 :
                 In
                 which
                 time
                 great
                 discord
                 arising
                 between
                 the
                 Nobility
                 and
                 Plebeians
                 ,
                 and
                 thereby
                 governing
                 themselves
                 very
                 ill
                 ,
                 they
                 to
                 prevent
                 those
                 disorders
                 put
                 themselves
                 under
                 the
                 power
                 of
                 those
                 of
                 Torre
                 ,
                 afterwards
                 to
                 the
                 Visconti
                 ,
                 who
                 a
                 great
                 space
                 kept
                 the
                 Dominion
                 ,
                 whom
                 the
                 Sforzeschi
                 succeeded
                 ,
                 them
                 the
                 French
                 ,
                 and
                 last
                 of
                 all
                 the
                 house
                 of
                 Austria
                 obtained
                 it
                 ,
                 and
                 keep
                 it
                 to
                 this
                 day
                 in
                 good
                 peace
                 and
                 tranquillity
                 .
              
               
               
                 Milan
                 lies
                 under
                 the
                 sixth
                 Climate
                 or
                 Degree
                 ,
                 which
                 affords
                 it
                 a
                 great
                 benignity
                 of
                 the
                 skies
                 ,
                 yet
                 the
                 Ayr
                 is
                 somewhat
                 thick
                 .
                 Chanels
                 of
                 water
                 environ
                 both
                 the
                 City
                 and
                 Suburbs
                 ,
                 upon
                 which
                 by
                 Barks
                 they
                 conveigh
                 great
                 abundance
                 of
                 goods
                 and
                 provisions
                 of
                 all
                 sorts
                 .
                 In
                 truth
                 t
                 is
                 a
                 wonderfull
                 thing
                 to
                 behold
                 the
                 great
                 plenty
                 of
                 all
                 things
                 ,
                 for
                 the
                 life
                 or
                 necessity
                 of
                 Man
                 ,
                 which
                 are
                 there
                 ,
                 and
                 t
                 is
                 held
                 for
                 certain
                 ,
                 that
                 in
                 no
                 other
                 part
                 of
                 
                   Europe
                   ▪
                
                 there
                 is
                 so
                 great
                 provision
                 for
                 the
                 Belly
                 ,
                 nor
                 at
                 less
                 price
                 ,
                 than
                 is
                 here
                 :
                 whence
                 the
                 Proverb
                 is
                 taken
                 
                   Solo
                   in
                   Milano
                   si
                   mangia
                
                 .
                 For
                 whereas
                 in
                 other
                 Cities
                 one
                 finds
                 not
                 above
                 three
                 Piazzaes
                 at
                 most
                 ,
                 where
                 are
                 kept
                 sueh
                 publick
                 Markets
                 ,
                 in
                 Milan
                 there
                 are
                 a
                 hundred
                 ,
                 whereof
                 21.
                 are
                 principal
                 ,
                 which
                 every
                 fourth
                 day
                 of
                 the
                 week
                 are
                 vastly
                 laden
                 with
                 all
                 sorts
                 of
                 Provisions
                 :
                 For
                 wines
                 they
                 chiefly
                 have
                 Vernaccie
                 of
                 Montf●…rrat
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Wines
                 of
                 Brianza
                 so
                 much
                 spoken
                 of
                 :
                 Moreover
                 for
                 that
                 it
                 is
                 the
                 Centre
                 of
                 Lombardi
                 ,
                 hither
                 they
                 transport
                 infinite
                 quantities
                 of
                 Merchandize
                 ,
                 from
                 
                   Germany
                   ,
                   France
                   ,
                   Spain
                
                 ,
                 and
                 Geneva
                 .
              
               
                 T
                 is
                 seated
                 in
                 a
                 wide
                 Plain
                 ,
                 having
                 about
                 it
                 green
                 hills
                 ,
                 delightfull
                 Meadows
                 ,
                 navigable
                 Rivers
                 and
                 Lakes
                 ,
                 which
                 furnish
                 them
                 with
                 delicate
                 Fish.
                 In
                 summ
                 ,
                 this
                 Country
                 affords
                 in
                 most
                 plentifull
                 measure
                 whatsoever
                 can
                 be
                 desired
                 .
                 T
                 is
                 so
                 thronged
                 with
                 Artizans
                 of
                 all
                 sorts
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 vulgar
                 proverb
                 goes
                 .
                 
                   Chi
                   volesse
                   rassettare
                   Italia
                   rovinarebbe
                   Milano
                
              
               
                 But
                 the
                 chief
                 of
                 them
                 are
                 Gold-Smiths
                 ,
                 Armourers
                 ,
                 Gun-makers
                 ,
                 and
                 Weavers
                 ,
                 who
                 here
                 exceed
                 in
                 these
                 particulars
                 ,
                 and
                 in
                 works
                 of
                 Christal
                 ,
                 either
                 Venice
                 or
                 any
                 other
                 part
                 of
                 Italy
                 ;
                 the
                 Nunns
                 work
                 here
                 likewise
                 most
                 exact
                 and
                 neat
                 curiosities
                 in
                 straw
                 works
                 .
                 It
                 abounds
                 likewise
                 with
                 most
                 magnificent
                 and
                 Stately
                 Palaces
                 ,
                 among
                 which
                 the
                 stupendious
                 Palace
                 of
                 
                   Tomaso
                   Marini
                
                 (
                 built
                 with
                 so
                 vast
                 expence
                 and
                 Artifice
                 ,
                 that
                 whoever
                 beholds
                 it
                 stands
                 amazed
                 )
                 shines
                 like
                 the
                 Moon
                 among
                 the
                 Starrs
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Castle
                 of
                 
                   Porta
                   Zobbia
                
                 ,
                 named
                 among
                 the
                 chief
                 of
                 Europe
                 ,
                 both
                 for
                 its
                 site
                 ,
                 greatness
                 ,
                 beauty
                 ,
                 and
                 its
                 plenty
                 of
                 Artiglery
                 ,
                 Arms
                 ,
                 and
                 Ammunition
                 ,
                 is
                 so
                 impregnable
                 ,
                 that
                 hitherto
                 t
                 was
                 never
                 taken
                 by
                 force
                 ,
                 but
                 through
                 failer
                 of
                 provisions
                 and
                 Famine
                 it
                 hath
                 been
                 yeelded
                 up
                 .
                 This
                 Fort
                 may
                 be
                 compared
                 to
                 an
                 indifferent
                 City
                 ,
                 for
                 within
                 it
                 are
                 streets
                 ,
                 Piazzaes
                 ,
                 Palaces
                 ,
                 Shops
                 for
                 Gold-Smiths
                 ,
                 and
                 all
                 other
                 Trades
                 whatsoever
                 ,
                 together
                 with
                 all
                 sorts
                 of
                 Victuals
                 and
                 other
                 provision
                 in
                 time
                 of
                 War
                 ,
                 as
                 well
                 as
                 Peace
                 .
                 Immense
                 Bastions
                 ,
                 with
                 three
                 large
                 profound
                 Dykes
                 ,
                 environ
                 it
                 ,
                 through
                 which
                 run
                 great
                 Chanels
                 of
                 Water
                 ,
                 with
                 a
                 most
                 vast
                 Wall
                 ,
                 and
                 spatious
                 Ramparts
                 ,
                 under
                 which
                 they
                 walk
                 by
                 a
                 close
                 way
                 made
                 to
                 that
                 purpose
                 .
                 Upon
                 the
                 Battlements
                 and
                 through
                 the
                 Porteholes
                 up
                 and
                 down
                 ,
                 are
                 drawn
                 out
                 great
                 Mouths
                 of
                 Cannon
                 ,
                 and
                 other
                 pieces
                 of
                 Artiglery
                 set
                 upon
                 Iron
                 Carriages
                 ,
                 some
                 whereof
                 shoot
                 Bullets
                 of
                 800.
                 pound
                 weight
                 ,
                 with
                 such
                 force
                 that
                 no
                 obstacle
                 can
                 withstand
                 them
                 ;
                 It
                 hath
                 one
                 place
                 to
                 lay
                 up
                 ,
                 and
                 dispose
                 the
                 Arms
                 in
                 a
                 Capacious
                 Arcenal
                 ,
                 replenisht
                 with
                 infinite
                 Arms
                 of
                 all
                 sorts
                 both
                 for
                 Offence
                 and
                 Defence
                 .
                 The
                 Tower
                 in
                 the
                 midst
                 of
                 it
                 ,
                 is
                 of
                 a
                 square
                 form
                 ,
                 and
                 is
                 in
                 circuit
                 (
                 not
                 reckoning
                 the
                 Towers
                 which
                 one
                 may
                 
                 call
                 little
                 Forts
                 )
                 200.
                 paces
                 .
                 The
                 whole
                 Castle
                 or
                 Fort
                 is
                 1600.
                 paces
                 in
                 circum
                 ference
                 ,
                 besides
                 the
                 Trenches
                 .
                 In
                 fine
                 t
                 is
                 accounted
                 by
                 all
                 Ingineers
                 the
                 fairest
                 and
                 strongest
                 fortification
                 of
                 Europe
                 .
                 They
                 unwillingly
                 admit
                 any
                 Stranger
                 to
                 see
                 the
                 out-works
                 ,
                 much
                 less
                 the
                 interiour
                 parts
                 .
              
               
                 It
                 abounds
                 with
                 rare
                 and
                 excellent
                 Pictures
                 ,
                 among
                 others
                 there
                 is
                 one
                 upon
                 the
                 Front
                 of
                 a
                 Palace
                 near
                 the
                 Fort
                 ,
                 wherein
                 are
                 painted
                 the
                 Acts
                 of
                 the
                 Romaus
                 ,
                 by
                 the
                 hand
                 of
                 
                   Trofo
                   da
                   Monza
                
                 ,
                 so
                 divinely
                 ,
                 that
                 t
                 is
                 impossible
                 to
                 add
                 to
                 it
                 .
                 The
                 Images
                 are
                 done
                 so
                 exact
                 to
                 the
                 life
                 and
                 so
                 natural
                 ,
                 that
                 all
                 the
                 beholders
                 rest
                 astonisht
                 ,
                 and
                 expect
                 speech
                 from
                 those
                 inanimate
                 (
                 but
                 seeming
                 breathing
                 ,
                 and
                 moving
                 )
                 Pictures
                 .
              
               
                 To
                 say
                 no
                 more
                 ,
                 Art
                 here
                 hath
                 overcome
                 Nature
                 .
                 Towards
                 the
                 Gate
                 Beatrice
                 ,
                 is
                 the
                 Front
                 of
                 another
                 Palace
                 (
                 of
                 the
                 Lituadi
                 )
                 painted
                 so
                 rarely
                 well
                 by
                 the
                 hand
                 of
                 〈◊〉
                 ,
                 that
                 it
                 almost
                 fascinates
                 the
                 eyes
                 of
                 the
                 Aspicients
                 .
                 And
                 at
                 the
                 Gate
                 ●…osa
                 ,
                 stands
                 an
                 admirable
                 Statue
                 made
                 to
                 the
                 middle
                 ,
                 at
                 the
                 Publick
                 cost
                 ,
                 in
                 remembrance
                 of
                 a
                 Strumpet
                 ,
                 who
                 principally
                 caused
                 Milan
                 to
                 gain
                 its
                 Liberty
                 .
              
               
                 Milan
                 from
                 the
                 death
                 of
                 Belloveso
                 continued
                 ever
                 head
                 of
                 the
                 adjacent
                 Countrey
                 ,
                 which
                 made
                 the
                 antient
                 Emperors
                 to
                 send
                 thither
                 a
                 Lieutenant
                 with
                 title
                 of
                 Count
                 of
                 Italy
                 ,
                 who
                 also
                 was
                 Captain
                 General
                 of
                 the
                 Empire
                 ,
                 and
                 remained
                 there
                 with
                 Consular
                 authority
                 ,
                 and
                 Captain
                 of
                 their
                 Armies
                 ,
                 that
                 he
                 might
                 bridle
                 the
                 Fury
                 ,
                 and
                 shut
                 up
                 the
                 passage
                 from
                 the
                 Inroads
                 into
                 Italy
                 of
                 the
                 Ultramontaneous
                 People
                 .
              
               
                 Such
                 is
                 the
                 wholsomness
                 of
                 the
                 Ayr
                 ,
                 the
                 Beauty
                 of
                 the
                 Country
                 ,
                 and
                 Copiousness
                 of
                 sustenance
                 ,
                 that
                 it
                 hath
                 tempted
                 many
                 Princes
                 (
                 desirous
                 to
                 rest
                 quiet
                 )
                 to
                 make
                 this
                 their
                 Retreat
                 ,
                 and
                 Asylum
                 ,
                 as
                 also
                 many
                 other
                 great
                 Men
                 that
                 they
                 might
                 the
                 more
                 commodiously
                 apply
                 themselves
                 to
                 the
                 Study
                 of
                 Learning
                 :
                 Of
                 which
                 were
                 
                   Virgil
                   ,
                   Alipius
                
                 ,
                 Saint
                 
                   Augustine
                   ,
                   Hermolao
                   Barbaro
                   ,
                   Merula
                   ,
                   Francesco
                   Filelfo
                   ,
                   Celio
                   Rodigino
                   ,
                   Alexander
                
                 the
                 sixth
                 ,
                 and
                 Pious
                 the
                 fourth
                 Popes
                 .
                 And
                 although
                 too
                 often
                 this
                 City
                 was
                 thrown
                 down
                 to
                 the
                 very
                 foundations
                 ,
                 and
                 at
                 last
                 furrowed
                 with
                 the
                 plough
                 of
                 the
                 Enemies
                 ,
                 yet
                 it
                 ever
                 revived
                 again
                 ,
                 and
                 that
                 with
                 more
                 beauty
                 and
                 Splendor
                 than
                 at
                 first
                 ,
                 increasing
                 still
                 so
                 much
                 in
                 Riches
                 and
                 People
                 ,
                 that
                 it
                 ever
                 kept
                 a
                 place
                 among
                 the
                 chief
                 Cities
                 of
                 Italy
                 .
              
               
                 Near
                 the
                 Church
                 
                   San
                   Salavdore
                
                 ,
                 there
                 stood
                 a
                 proud
                 Palace
                 of
                 the
                 Emperors
                 ,
                 with
                 a
                 Temple
                 dedicated
                 to
                 Jupiter
                 ,
                 made
                 in
                 emulation
                 of
                 the
                 Campidoglio
                 at
                 Rome
                 ,
                 and
                 where
                 now
                 the
                 Counsel
                 is
                 kept
                 ,
                 was
                 the
                 Palace
                 for
                 Justice
                 ;
                 where
                 also
                 the
                 Proclamations
                 of
                 the
                 Dukes
                 were
                 accustomed
                 to
                 be
                 publickly
                 read
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 due
                 punishments
                 executed
                 on
                 Malefactors
                 .
                 There
                 was
                 also
                 a
                 Theatre
                 to
                 present
                 Comedies
                 ,
                 a
                 place
                 for
                 Horse
                 ▪
                 races
                 ,
                 and
                 a
                 large
                 Circle
                 where
                 now
                 is
                 
                   Santa
                   Maria
                   Maggiore
                
                 .
                 The
                 Garden
                 near
                 
                   San
                   Steffano
                
                 ,
                 was
                 an
                 Amphitheatre
                 ,
                 where
                 they
                 accustomed
                 to
                 fight
                 Duels
                 .
                 The
                 Church
                 of
                 
                   San
                   Nazario
                
                 was
                 an
                 old
                 Prison
                 ,
                 where
                 they
                 condemned
                 Malefactors
                 to
                 fight
                 with
                 the
                 wild
                 Beasts
                 there
                 preserved
                 to
                 that
                 end
                 in
                 great
                 number
                 ,
              
               
                 The
                 Common
                 Field
                 was
                 then
                 a
                 Theatre
                 ,
                 where
                 the
                 young
                 men
                 exercised
                 themselves
                 in
                 taming
                 and
                 manning
                 of
                 Horses
                 ,
                 and
                 fighting
                 .
                 Where
                 the
                 Cathedral
                 Church
                 is
                 ,
                 was
                 a
                 place
                 with
                 Stalls
                 many
                 waies
                 where
                 they
                 made
                 their
                 Feasts
                 to
                 their
                 Heroes
                 and
                 Houshold
                 Gods.
                 The
                 
                 Stalls
                 now
                 for
                 the
                 Cattel
                 ,
                 then
                 was
                 a
                 pleasant
                 Garden
                 ,
                 beautified
                 and
                 planted
                 with
                 many
                 Fruit
                 trees
                 and
                 plants
                 brought
                 from
                 far
                 Countries
                 ;
                 great
                 store
                 of
                 odoriferous
                 flowers
                 ;
                 Rivolets
                 of
                 Christalline
                 waters
                 ,
                 Statues
                 and
                 Sculptures
                 of
                 Marble
                 .
                 Where
                 the
                 Church
                 of
                 
                   San
                   Lorenzo
                
                 stands
                 now
                 ,
                 were
                 the
                 hot
                 Baths
                 of
                 
                   Maximinian
                   ,
                   Nero
                
                 ,
                 and
                 Nerva
                 ,
                 the
                 Emperors
                 ,
                 nothing
                 inferiour
                 to
                 them
                 at
                 Rome
                 .
              
               
                 Besides
                 which
                 antiquities
                 ,
                 there
                 yet
                 is
                 preserved
                 a
                 stately
                 Armory
                 in
                 the
                 Palace
                 ,
                 replenished
                 with
                 most
                 noble
                 Arms
                 ,
                 worthy
                 any
                 Prince
                 for
                 the
                 value
                 and
                 fairness
                 ,
                 being
                 not
                 onely
                 inlayed
                 with
                 Gold
                 and
                 Silver
                 ,
                 but
                 engraven
                 with
                 greatest
                 Cost
                 and
                 Workmanship
                 ;
                 where
                 now
                 is
                 the
                 Church
                 
                   San
                   Lorenzo
                
                 ,
                 was
                 a
                 Temple
                 dedicated
                 to
                 Hercules
                 ,
                 made
                 in
                 the
                 form
                 of
                 the
                 Rotunda
                 at
                 Rome
                 ,
                 near
                 which
                 were
                 erected
                 16.
                 
                 Marble
                 Pillars
                 ,
                 and
                 upon
                 them
                 a
                 Palace
                 for
                 the
                 Emperours
                 ,
                 part
                 whereof
                 was
                 ruined
                 by
                 fire
                 ,
                 the
                 rest
                 by
                 time
                 ,
                 nothing
                 but
                 the
                 Pillars
                 remaining
                 All
                 this
                 Fabrick
                 was
                 raised
                 by
                 
                   Maximinian
                   Hercules
                
                 ,
                 who
                 ordained
                 the
                 Town
                 should
                 be
                 no
                 more
                 called
                 Milano
                 ,
                 but
                 Herculeo
                 .
                 At
                 one
                 end
                 of
                 those
                 Pillars
                 is
                 this
                 inscription
                 put
                 in
                 .
                 
                   Imp.
                   Caesari
                   L.
                   Aurelio
                   vero
                   Aug.
                   Arminiaco
                   Medico
                   Parthico
                   Max.
                   Trib.
                   Pot.
                   VII
                   .
                   Imp.
                   IIII.
                   Cos.
                   III.
                   PP
                   .
                   Divi
                   Antonini
                   Pii
                   .
                   Divi
                   Hadriani
                   Nepoti
                   .
                   Divi
                   Trajani
                   Parthici
                   ,
                   Pronepoti
                   Divi
                   Nervae
                   .
                   Apnepoti
                   Dec.
                   Dec.
                   
                
              
               
                 This
                 Milan
                 was
                 alwaies
                 a
                 potent
                 City
                 ,
                 whence
                 we
                 read
                 that
                 it
                 many
                 times
                 made
                 opposition
                 to
                 the
                 Romans
                 ,
                 and
                 often
                 fought
                 the
                 Goths
                 and
                 other
                 Barbarous
                 People
                 ,
                 and
                 also
                 against
                 both
                 the
                 Federicks
                 the
                 first
                 and
                 second
                 Emperours
                 ,
                 obtaining
                 a
                 most
                 glorious
                 victory
                 :
                 It
                 subjected
                 to
                 it
                 
                   Navara
                   ,
                   Bergamo
                   ,
                   Pavia
                   ,
                   Como
                   ,
                   Lodi
                   ,
                
                 and
                 Tortona
                 ,
                 and
                 freed
                 Genoua
                 from
                 the
                 hands
                 of
                 the
                 Moors
                 ,
                 The
                 Romans
                 were
                 wont
                 to
                 say
                 .
                 
                   
                     Qui
                     miseram
                     citius
                     cupiunt
                     effundere
                     vitam
                     ,
                  
                   
                     Modiolanum
                     adeant
                     ,
                     gens
                     ea
                     dura
                     nimis
                     .
                  
                
              
               
                 It
                 was
                 so
                 much
                 prized
                 by
                 the
                 adjacent
                 Countreys
                 (
                 that
                 it
                 being
                 ruined
                 by
                 
                   Federick
                   Barbarossa
                
                 the
                 Emperor
                 )
                 
                   Cremona
                   ,
                   Verona
                   ,
                   Piacenza
                
                 ,
                 advised
                 how
                 to
                 restore
                 it
                 at
                 their
                 own
                 cost
                 and
                 charges
                 ,
                 and
                 in
                 all
                 times
                 t
                 was
                 very
                 populous
                 .
              
               
                 It
                 received
                 the
                 light
                 of
                 the
                 Faith
                 from
                 
                   S
                   :
                   Barnabas
                
                 ,
                 sent
                 thither
                 from
                 Saint
                 Peetre
                 ,
                 who
                 then
                 resided
                 in
                 Antiochia
                 ,
                 which
                 was
                 in
                 the
                 46.
                 year
                 after
                 the
                 coming
                 of
                 our
                 Saviour
                 ,
                 where
                 he
                 substituted
                 for
                 Bishop
                 Anatalone
                 the
                 Greek
                 his
                 Disciple
                 ,
                 whom
                 in
                 process
                 of
                 time
                 succeeded
                 many
                 holy
                 Bishops
                 ,
                 among
                 others
                 that
                 glorious
                 pillar
                 of
                 the
                 Church
                 Saint
                 Ambrose
                 the
                 most
                 renowned
                 Doctour
                 ;
                 who
                 finding
                 the
                 Bodies
                 of
                 
                   San
                   Gervaso
                
                 and
                 Protaso
                 the
                 Martyrs
                 ,
                 caused
                 that
                 Church
                 to
                 be
                 built
                 which
                 is
                 now
                 called
                 
                   San
                   Ambrogio
                
                 .
                 This
                 was
                 the
                 Cathedral
                 Church
                 ,
                 where
                 is
                 seen
                 the
                 true
                 effigies
                 of
                 the
                 brazen
                 Serpent
                 made
                 by
                 Moses
                 ,
                 brought
                 hither
                 by
                 Theodosius
                 the
                 Emperor
                 ,
                 as
                 also
                 the
                 effigies
                 of
                 
                   San
                   Bernardo
                
                 upon
                 a
                 Pillar
                 ,
                 who
                 in
                 this
                 Church
                 said
                 Mass
                 ,
                 preached
                 and
                 wrought
                 miracles
                 .
                 Likewise
                 a
                 sumptuous
                 Sepulchre
                 wherein
                 lies
                 Lewis
                 the
                 second
                 Emperour
                 ,
                 and
                 Pepin
                 King
                 
                 of
                 Italy
                 both
                 Sons
                 of
                 Charls
                 the
                 great
                 ,
                 there
                 under
                 the
                 Altar
                 within
                 a
                 deep
                 Pit
                 locked
                 with
                 four
                 Gates
                 of
                 Iron
                 ,
                 is
                 kept
                 with
                 great
                 reverence
                 the
                 body
                 of
                 Saint
                 Ambrose
                 ,
                 and
                 a
                 book
                 writ
                 with
                 his
                 own
                 hand
                 :
                 Angelberto
                 of
                 the
                 illustrious
                 Family
                 of
                 Pusterly
                 in
                 the
                 time
                 of
                 Charls
                 the
                 Great
                 ,
                 being
                 Arch-Bishop
                 .
                 The
                 Emperor
                 gave
                 to
                 this
                 Altar
                 a
                 noble
                 Pall
                 ,
                 embroidered
                 with
                 Saints
                 and
                 Angels
                 ,
                 in
                 20.
                 several
                 Squares
                 ,
                 in
                 the
                 midst
                 whereof
                 is
                 the
                 Saviour
                 of
                 the
                 World
                 ,
                 as
                 he
                 rose
                 from
                 the
                 dead
                 ,
                 upon
                 whose
                 head
                 is
                 a
                 Diamond
                 set
                 round
                 with
                 gemmes
                 of
                 inestimable
                 valew
                 .
                 On
                 both
                 sides
                 of
                 which
                 Altar
                 are
                 four
                 other
                 Images
                 of
                 Saints
                 ,
                 in
                 the
                 middle
                 is
                 a
                 Cross.
                 The
                 Vests
                 are
                 all
                 over
                 beset
                 with
                 many
                 pearls
                 and
                 pretious
                 stones
                 ;
                 behind
                 the
                 Altar
                 is
                 another
                 Cross
                 of
                 silver
                 two
                 Cubits
                 high
                 ,
                 and
                 one
                 &
                 an
                 half
                 broad
                 ,
                 where
                 are
                 23.
                 figures
                 of
                 Saints
                 of
                 embossed
                 work
                 ;
                 This
                 so
                 stupendious
                 work
                 cost
                 in
                 those
                 days
                 28000.
                 
                 Scudaes
                 ,
                 and
                 is
                 now
                 worth
                 100000.
                 
                 Volvinio
                 the
                 excellent
                 Sculptor
                 of
                 those
                 times
                 was
                 the
                 Artificer
                 of
                 it
                 .
                 Saint
                 Ambrose
                 stood
                 at
                 the
                 Gate
                 of
                 this
                 Church
                 ,
                 when
                 he
                 excomunicated
                 Theodosius
                 the
                 Emperor
                 ,
                 commanding
                 him
                 not
                 to
                 enter
                 therein
                 .
                 Contiguous
                 with
                 it
                 is
                 a
                 noble
                 and
                 stately
                 Monastery
                 of
                 the
                 Fryers
                 Celestines
                 .
                 At
                 the
                 issuing
                 out
                 of
                 Saint
                 Ambrogio
                 ,
                 is
                 a
                 poor
                 Chapel
                 in
                 a
                 blind
                 corner
                 with
                 a
                 Well
                 ,
                 where
                 Saint
                 Ambross
                 baptized
                 Saint
                 Augustine
                 :
                 and
                 t
                 is
                 known
                 ,
                 that
                 this
                 was
                 the
                 way
                 ,
                 which
                 Saint
                 Augustine
                 ,
                 and
                 Saint
                 Ambrose
                 took
                 hand
                 in
                 hand
                 to
                 give
                 thanks
                 to
                 God
                 in
                 
                   San
                   Gervaso
                
                 ,
                 for
                 the
                 holy
                 Baptism
                 received
                 ,
                 singing
                 
                   Te
                   Devm
                   Laudamus
                
                 ,
                 as
                 the
                 Inscription
                 testifieth
                 .
                 
                   Hic
                   beatus
                   Ambrosius
                   babtizat
                   Augustinum
                   ,
                   Deodatum
                   ,
                   &
                   Alippum
                   ,
                   hic
                   beatus
                   Ambrosius
                   incipit
                   te
                   Deum
                   laudamus
                   .
                   Augustinus
                   sequitur
                   ,
                   Te
                   deum
                   confitemur
                   .
                
              
               
                 The
                 meanness
                 of
                 the
                 place
                 makes
                 it
                 most
                 credible
                 to
                 be
                 true
                 ,
                 the
                 name
                 of
                 
                   Carolus
                   Boromaeus
                
                 a
                 Council
                 of
                 Trent
                 Saint
                 ,
                 highly
                 cryed
                 up
                 at
                 Milan
                 ,
                 having
                 too
                 much
                 extinguisht
                 the
                 memory
                 and
                 esteem
                 of
                 that
                 learned
                 Father
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Church
                 of
                 
                   Santa
                   Tecla
                
                 ,
                 is
                 replete
                 with
                 holy
                 Reliques
                 ;
                 here
                 rests
                 Saint
                 Ambrose
                 ,
                 and
                 among
                 other
                 Reliques
                 a
                 Nayl
                 which
                 was
                 fixed
                 and
                 drove
                 through
                 a
                 member
                 of
                 the
                 Body
                 of
                 our
                 Lord
                 and
                 Saviour
                 Jesus
                 Christ
                 into
                 the
                 Wooden
                 Cross
                 whereon
                 he
                 was
                 crucifyed
                 ,
                 by
                 the
                 wicked
                 Jewes
                 ,
                 which
                 .
                 was
                 bestowed
                 on
                 it
                 by
                 Theodosius
                 the
                 Emperor
                 :
                 This
                 is
                 the
                 antientest
                 Temple
                 of
                 Milan
                 ,
                 and
                 was
                 first
                 consecrated
                 to
                 the
                 Saviour
                 ,
                 after
                 to
                 the
                 Virgin
                 Mary
                 ,
                 and
                 lastly
                 to
                 Tecla
                 ,
                 but
                 antiently
                 many
                 yeers
                 before
                 the
                 coming
                 of
                 the
                 Messiias
                 ,
                 they
                 say
                 there
                 stood
                 a
                 most
                 famous
                 Temple
                 of
                 Minerva
                 ,
                 where
                 (
                 as
                 Polybius
                 averrs
                 )
                 this
                 goddess
                 was
                 adored
                 and
                 reverenced
                 with
                 the
                 greatest
                 and
                 most
                 particular
                 devotion
                 ,
                 whence
                 many
                 suppose
                 this
                 Ciry
                 took
                 its
                 name
                 ,
                 for
                 that
                 in
                 the
                 antient
                 Celtique
                 and
                 German
                 tongues
                 Magdalant
                 signifies
                 the
                 Land
                 or
                 Country
                 of
                 a
                 Virgin
                 ,
                 which
                 opinion
                 is
                 likewise
                 confimed
                 by
                 
                   Andrea
                   Alciato
                   I.
                   C.
                
                 A
                 veritable
                 Author
                 in
                 all
                 the
                 sciences
                 ,
                 who
                 in
                 his
                 Emblems
                 writ
                 this
                 Epigram
                 .
                 
                   
                   
                     Quam
                     Mediolanum
                     sacram
                     dixere
                     puellae
                  
                   
                     Terram
                     ,
                     nam
                     vetus
                     hoc
                     Gallica
                     lingua
                     sonat
                     ,
                  
                   
                     Culta
                     c
                     Minerva
                     fuit
                     ,
                     nunc
                     est
                     ,
                     ubi
                     nomine
                     Tecla
                  
                   
                     Mutato
                     ,
                     Matris
                     Virginis
                     ante
                     Domum
                     .
                  
                
              
               
                 
                   Santa
                   Maria
                   della
                   Scala
                
                 ,
                 was
                 founded
                 by
                 Regina
                 ,
                 Wife
                 of
                 the
                 Visconte
                 :
                 and
                 enjoyned
                 to
                 be
                 so
                 called
                 ,
                 because
                 she
                 descended
                 from
                 the
                 Family
                 of
                 the
                 Scalaes
                 of
                 Verona
                 .
                 It
                 stands
                 where
                 was
                 antiently
                 the
                 Palace
                 of
                 the
                 Turriani
                 :
                 And
                 where
                 the
                 Church
                 of
                 Saint
                 Dionigeis
                 stood
                 in
                 old
                 time
                 a
                 Dragon
                 ,
                 which
                 then
                 greatly
                 afflicted
                 the
                 Country
                 and
                 destroyed
                 many
                 ,
                 at
                 last
                 he
                 was
                 slain
                 by
                 
                   Umberto
                   Angiere
                
                 ,
                 who
                 was
                 thereupon
                 created
                 Viscont
                 .
              
               
                 There
                 are
                 two
                 Chapels
                 in
                 the
                 Church
                 of
                 Saint
                 Mark
                 ,
                 in
                 one
                 whereof
                 is
                 the
                 most
                 excellent
                 Pictures
                 of
                 Lomazzo
                 ,
                 containing
                 in
                 one
                 the
                 Apostles
                 ,
                 Prophets
                 ,
                 Sibils
                 ,
                 and
                 many
                 other
                 pourtraies
                 :
                 In
                 the
                 other
                 the
                 fall
                 of
                 
                   Simon
                   Magus
                
                 from
                 Heaven
                 ,
                 which
                 it
                 represent
                 ,
                 as
                 most
                 horrible
                 spectacle
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Church
                 of
                 
                   San
                   Nazario
                
                 ,
                 contains
                 certain
                 proud
                 Tombs
                 of
                 the
                 illustrious
                 Lords
                 ,
                 the
                 Trivultii
                 chiesly
                 that
                 of
                 Giacomo
                 ,
                 of
                 whom
                 may
                 be
                 truly
                 said
                 :
                 He
                 that
                 never
                 was
                 quiet
                 lies
                 still
                 here
                 :
                 Near
                 this
                 Church
                 they
                 shew
                 a
                 red
                 stone
                 ,
                 which
                 they
                 term
                 the
                 holy
                 Stone
                 ,
                 wherein
                 are
                 cut
                 the
                 victories
                 ,
                 and
                 trophies
                 which
                 Saint
                 Ambrose
                 gloriously
                 obtained
                 upon
                 the
                 Arrians
                 ,
                 in
                 memory
                 whereof
                 ,
                 to
                 him
                 was
                 erected
                 a
                 Statue
                 at
                 the
                 Gate
                 Vico.
                 The
                 Church
                 of
                 
                   S.
                   Fedele
                
                 ,
                 is
                 admirable
                 ,
                 no
                 less
                 for
                 its
                 beauty
                 ,
                 than
                 for
                 the
                 Architecture
                 of
                 Pellegrino
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Church
                 of
                 
                   San
                   Paola
                
                 and
                 
                   San
                   Barnabas
                
                 ,
                 for
                 the
                 Nuns
                 is
                 most
                 noble
                 ,
                 where
                 was
                 first
                 founded
                 the
                 Order
                 of
                 the
                 reformed
                 Priests
                 of
                 the
                 beheaded
                 
                   Saint
                   John
                
                 :
                 They
                 have
                 one
                 rare
                 cross
                 cut
                 by
                 Bramantino
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Church
                 of
                 
                   Santa
                   Rosa
                
                 ,
                 is
                 for
                 the
                 preaching
                 Fryers
                 ,
                 who
                 have
                 the
                 keeping
                 of
                 the
                 holy
                 Rosarie
                 .
              
               
                 In
                 the
                 magnificent
                 Temple
                 of
                 
                   San
                   Gottardo
                
                 ,
                 are
                 excellently
                 drawn
                 the
                 effigies
                 of
                 the
                 Visconte
                 ,
                 where
                 ly
                 buried
                 
                   Azzone
                   Visconte
                
                 ,
                 and
                 
                   Gio
                   Maria
                
                 the
                 second
                 Duke
                 .
                 It
                 s
                 beautified
                 with
                 a
                 stupendious
                 Belfry
                 ,
                 and
                 a
                 fair
                 Garden
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Church
                 of
                 Saint
                 Eustorgio
                 the
                 Bishop
                 ,
                 shewes
                 a
                 stately
                 and
                 sumptuous
                 Sepulcher
                 ,
                 wherein
                 ly
                 the
                 bones
                 of
                 
                   San
                   Pietro
                
                 the
                 Martyr
                 .
                 A
                 rich
                 Tabernacle
                 where
                 is
                 kept
                 the
                 head
                 of
                 Saint
                 Eustorgio
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Tomb
                 of
                 the
                 three
                 Magi
                 ,
                 with
                 this
                 inscription
                 .
                 
                   Sepulchrum
                   Trium
                   Magorum
                
                 ,
                 where
                 lay
                 the
                 Bodies
                 of
                 those
                 Magi
                 ,
                 which
                 were
                 brought
                 hither
                 by
                 Saint
                 Eustorgio
                 ,
                 in
                 Anno
                 330.
                 when
                 he
                 came
                 last
                 out
                 of
                 the
                 East
                 ;
                 but
                 many
                 yeers
                 after
                 ,
                 this
                 City
                 being
                 destroyed
                 by
                 
                   Fedrick
                   Barbarossa
                
                 ,
                 in
                 Anno
                 1163.
                 
                 These
                 Bodies
                 were
                 conveyed
                 to
                 
                   Colonia
                   Agrippina
                
                 by
                 Rodolphus
                 the
                 Arch-Bishop
                 ,
                 now
                 they
                 keep
                 in
                 that
                 Sepulcher
                 ,
                 the
                 Body
                 of
                 Eustorgio
                 with
                 many
                 reliques
                 of
                 other
                 Saints
                 ,
                 Martyrd
                 there
                 for
                 the
                 Faith
                 of
                 Christ.
                 Here
                 also
                 are
                 kept
                 the
                 Ashes
                 of
                 many
                 noble
                 
                   Milanesians
                   ,
                   inter
                   alia
                
                 of
                 
                   Matteo
                   Visconte
                
                 first
                 Duke
                 of
                 Milan
                 ,
                 and
                 of
                 
                   Gio
                   Merula
                
                 a
                 most
                 Learned
                 Man
                 ,
                 who
                 was
                 interred
                 with
                 geeat
                 pomp
                 in
                 the
                 time
                 of
                 
                   Ludovico
                   Sforza
                
                 ,
                 with
                 this
                 Epitaph
                 on
                 his
                 Tomb.
                 
                 
                   
                   
                     Vixi
                     aliis
                     inter
                     spinas
                     mundique
                     procellas
                     .
                  
                   
                     Nunc
                     sospes
                     coelo
                     Merula
                     vivo
                     mihi
                     .
                  
                
              
               
                 Over
                 the
                 Gate
                 of
                 the
                 Convent
                 of
                 the
                 preaching
                 Fryers
                 (
                 from
                 whom
                 many
                 excellent
                 Theologians
                 have
                 issued
                 )
                 is
                 placed
                 the
                 Pulpit
                 ,
                 wherein
                 Saint
                 Petre
                 the
                 Martyr
                 being
                 preaching
                 to
                 the
                 People
                 at
                 noon
                 day
                 in
                 Midsummer
                 ,
                 obtained
                 by
                 his
                 Merits
                 and
                 the
                 instance
                 of
                 his
                 Prayers
                 ,
                 that
                 a
                 Cloud
                 hung
                 over
                 the
                 Auditors
                 in
                 manner
                 of
                 an
                 Umbrella
                 preserving
                 them
                 from
                 that
                 intollerable
                 heat
                 ;
                 near
                 the
                 said
                 Church
                 gusheth
                 out
                 the
                 fountain
                 of
                 Saint
                 Barnabas
                 ,
                 where
                 though
                 an
                 unpolished
                 ▪
                 place
                 ,
                 he
                 baptized
                 and
                 said
                 Mass
                 ,
                 of
                 which
                 water
                 ,
                 who
                 drinks
                 is
                 immediatly
                 delivered
                 from
                 the
                 malignity
                 of
                 any
                 Feaver
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Temple
                 of
                 
                   S.
                   Lorenzo
                
                 ,
                 formerly
                 dedicated
                 to
                 Herode
                 ,
                 was
                 much
                 more
                 sumptuous
                 than
                 the
                 abovenamed
                 Churches
                 ,
                 which
                 in
                 the
                 yeer
                 1085.
                 being
                 in
                 great
                 part
                 burnt
                 ,
                 received
                 great
                 damage
                 in
                 the
                 Mosaick
                 of
                 Gold
                 ,
                 and
                 in
                 the
                 destruction
                 of
                 many
                 Brass
                 figures
                 about
                 the
                 Pillars
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 royal
                 Church
                 of
                 Saint
                 Aquilino
                 founded
                 by
                 ●…lacida
                 ,
                 Sister
                 of
                 Honorius
                 the
                 Emperor
                 ,
                 and
                 wife
                 to
                 Constantine
                 ,
                 shewes
                 on
                 its
                 Front
                 fair
                 Marble
                 Colums
                 ,
                 and
                 within
                 as
                 noble
                 Pillars
                 of
                 Porphiry
                 .
                 In
                 the
                 Church
                 of
                 Stephano
                 was
                 flain
                 with
                 many
                 stabs
                 the
                 Duke
                 
                   Caleazzo
                   Maria
                   Sforzo
                
                 .
                 In
                 
                   S.
                   Giovanni
                
                 lies
                 the
                 Tomb
                 of
                 
                   Barnabo
                   Visconte
                
                 Prince
                 of
                 Milan
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Church
                 of
                 
                   S.
                   Statiro
                
                 and
                 Celso
                 ,
                 is
                 proud
                 of
                 the
                 excelling
                 Genius
                 and
                 Architecture
                 of
                 Bramante
                 ,
                 the
                 Limner
                 of
                 Urbin
                 ,
                 in
                 many
                 works
                 he
                 wrought
                 there
                 ;
                 The
                 Front
                 of
                 that
                 of
                 Saint
                 Mary
                 ,
                 of
                 its
                 excellent
                 Statues
                 wrought
                 with
                 so
                 much
                 art
                 ,
                 that
                 all
                 conclude
                 it
                 impossible
                 to
                 equal
                 them
                 :
                 and
                 that
                 of
                 the
                 Peace
                 or
                 Pace
                 of
                 its
                 rare
                 painting
                 of
                 the
                 history
                 of
                 the
                 blessed
                 Virgin
                 and
                 her
                 Father
                 by
                 the
                 hand
                 of
                 Gaudentius
                 ,
                 and
                 moreover
                 the
                 Virgin
                 her self
                 painted
                 by
                 
                   Marco
                   Uglono
                
                 the
                 Painter
                 ,
                 which
                 stand
                 near
                 the
                 Cross
                 ,
                 and
                 lively
                 expresseth
                 a
                 real
                 sorrow
                 .
              
               
                 In
                 the
                 Church
                 of
                 Saint
                 Francis
                 ,
                 is
                 a
                 Tablet
                 of
                 the
                 conception
                 ,
                 together
                 with
                 Saint
                 Gio
                 ,
                 the
                 Baptist
                 ,
                 a
                 Child
                 adoring
                 our
                 Lord
                 ,
                 so
                 well
                 done
                 by
                 the
                 hand
                 of
                 Vincio
                 ,
                 that
                 they
                 cannot
                 be
                 paralleled
                 .
                 In
                 the
                 Church
                 
                   della
                   Passione
                
                 ,
                 is
                 a
                 stupendious
                 piece
                 of
                 the
                 celebration
                 of
                 the
                 last
                 Supper
                 ,
                 where
                 is
                 truly
                 represented
                 the
                 amazement
                 of
                 the
                 Apostles
                 ,
                 by
                 
                   Christofero
                   Cibo
                
                 .
              
               
                 In
                 the
                 Church
                 
                   delle
                   Gratie
                
                 ,
                 founded
                 by
                 
                   Germano
                   Rusca
                
                 ,
                 and
                 aggrandized
                 by
                 
                   Ludovico
                   Sforza
                
                 ,
                 is
                 painted
                 in
                 a
                 Tablet
                 the
                 Picture
                 of
                 our
                 Lord
                 crowned
                 with
                 Thorns
                 ,
                 by
                 Titian
                 the
                 worthy
                 of
                 eternal
                 memory
                 ,
                 about
                 the
                 Cupula
                 are
                 Angels
                 formed
                 by
                 Gaudentius
                 ,
                 whose
                 vestments
                 are
                 rarely
                 wrought
                 ,
                 and
                 in
                 another
                 place
                 Sain
                 Paul
                 painted
                 ,
                 writing
                 and
                 contemplating
                 ,
                 Herein
                 lies
                 buried
                 Beatrice
                 the
                 Dutches
                 ,
                 so
                 well
                 beloved
                 by
                 Ludovico
                 her
                 Husband
                 ,
                 that
                 he
                 vowed
                 never
                 to
                 sit
                 at
                 table
                 again
                 at
                 eating
                 ,
                 and
                 lived
                 so
                 a
                 yeer
                 about
                 :
                 One
                 Epitaph
                 over
                 the
                 Gate
                 of
                 the
                 Cloysters
                 ,
                 artificially
                 made
                 ,
                 shall
                 be
                 here
                 inserted
                 .
                 
                   Infelix
                   partus
                   ,
                   amissa
                   ante
                   vita
                   ,
                   quàm
                   in
                   lucem
                   ederet
                   ,
                   infelicior
                   ,
                   quod
                   matri
                   moriens
                   vitam
                   ademi
                   ,
                   &
                   parentem
                   consorte
                   sua
                   orbavi
                   ;
                   in
                   
                   tam
                   adverso
                   fato
                   ,
                   hoc
                   solum
                   mihi
                   potest
                   jucundum
                   esse
                   ,
                   quod
                   Divi
                   parentes
                   ne
                   Ludovicus
                   &
                   Beatrix
                   Mediolanen
                   .
                   Duces
                   gennere
                   ,
                   1497.
                   tertio
                   Non.
                   Ianuarii
                   .
                
              
               
                 In
                 this
                 Church
                 lies
                 
                   Giovanni
                   Simonetta
                
                 ,
                 who
                 wrote
                 the
                 history
                 of
                 the
                 Sforzeschi
                 ,
                 and
                 
                   Giulio
                   Camillo
                
                 a
                 most
                 Learned
                 Man
                 ,
                 whose
                 Epi
                 taph
                 ,
                 placed
                 on
                 another
                 door
                 of
                 the
                 Cloysters
                 ,
                 followes
                 
                   Iulio
                   Camillo
                   Viro
                   ad
                   omnia
                   omnium
                   scientiarum
                   sensa
                   mirificam
                   eruenda
                   ,
                   &
                   adscientias
                   ipsam
                   in
                   suum
                   ordinem
                   aptè
                   constituendas
                   natura
                   mirè
                   facto
                   ,
                   qui
                   apud
                   Dominicum
                   Saulium
                   Idibus
                   Maii
                   1544.
                   repentino
                   mortuus
                   concidit
                   .
                   Dominicns
                   Saulius
                   amico
                   desideratissimo
                   posuit
                   .
                
              
               
                 Which
                 Church
                 is
                 possessed
                 by
                 the
                 preaching
                 Fathers
                 ,
                 with
                 a
                 stately
                 Convent
                 ,
                 to
                 be
                 reckoned
                 one
                 of
                 the
                 chief
                 of
                 Europe
                 ,
                 for
                 largness
                 and
                 beauty
                 of
                 building
                 and
                 the
                 number
                 of
                 the
                 learned
                 and
                 best
                 Fathers
                 ,
                 which
                 that
                 Order
                 enjoys
                 ,
                 where
                 they
                 shew
                 in
                 a
                 refectory
                 the
                 Picture
                 of
                 our
                 Saviour
                 with
                 the
                 Apostles
                 at
                 the
                 last
                 supper
                 ,
                 drawn
                 by
                 
                   Leonardo
                   Uinci
                
                 with
                 such
                 vivacity
                 and
                 Spirit
                 that
                 they
                 seem
                 to
                 move
                 ,
                 and
                 be
                 sensible
                 of
                 the
                 passions
                 of
                 Love
                 ,
                 Sorrow
                 ,
                 Joy
                 ,
                 admiration
                 ,
                 Suspition
                 ,
                 &c.
                 particularly
                 in
                 the
                 Face
                 of
                 Judas
                 one
                 sees
                 exprest
                 that
                 Treafon
                 ,
                 which
                 he
                 had
                 conceived
                 in
                 his
                 mind
                 ;
                 
                   Leonardo
                   Vinci
                
                 ,
                 having
                 compleated
                 all
                 the
                 Apostles
                 ,
                 not
                 wanting
                 more
                 to
                 its
                 finishing
                 than
                 the
                 visage
                 of
                 our
                 Savionr
                 ,
                 it
                 happened
                 that
                 he
                 could
                 never
                 accomplish
                 it
                 ,
                 because
                 he
                 had
                 expressed
                 so
                 great
                 beauty
                 and
                 glory
                 in
                 the
                 Faces
                 of
                 Saint
                 James
                 the
                 greater
                 and
                 the
                 less
                 ,
                 that
                 he
                 had
                 left
                 no
                 possibility
                 for
                 his
                 fancy
                 to
                 draw
                 any
                 thing
                 beyond
                 them
                 :
                 Whence
                 pondring
                 the
                 impossibility
                 of
                 the
                 thing
                 ,
                 he
                 resolved
                 to
                 consult
                 with
                 
                   Bernardo
                   Zenale
                
                 another
                 worthy
                 Painter
                 of
                 those
                 times
                 ;
                 who
                 its
                 reported
                 made
                 him
                 this
                 answer
                 .
                 This
                 Picture
                 hath
                 one
                 Errour
                 which
                 God
                 only
                 can
                 rectifie
                 ,
                 for
                 t
                 is
                 not
                 imaginable
                 that
                 thou
                 or
                 any
                 other
                 Painter
                 in
                 the
                 World
                 can
                 express
                 more
                 grace
                 and
                 Majesty
                 ,
                 than
                 thou
                 hast
                 presented
                 in
                 the
                 one
                 and
                 t'other
                 James
                 ,
                 wherefore
                 leave
                 it
                 as
                 t
                 is
                 ;
                 Lonardo
                 did
                 so
                 ,
                 as
                 appears
                 at
                 this
                 day
                 ,
                 yet
                 not
                 so
                 demonstrable
                 ,
                 because
                 time
                 hath
                 in
                 part
                 defaced
                 the
                 glory
                 of
                 those
                 Faces
                 .
                 There
                 also
                 are
                 the
                 effigies
                 of
                 
                   Lodovico
                   ,
                   Beatrice
                
                 ,
                 and
                 both
                 their
                 Sons
                 afterwards
                 Dukes
                 ,
                 Massiminiano
                 ,
                 and
                 Francesco
                 .
                 In
                 the
                 Church
                 of
                 
                   S.
                   Vittorie
                
                 of
                 the
                 Fryers
                 of
                 the
                 Mount
                 of
                 Olives
                 ,
                 is
                 seen
                 a
                 Saint
                 George
                 ,
                 giving
                 death
                 to
                 the
                 Serpent
                 ,
                 wrought
                 by
                 Raffael
                 of
                 Urbino
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 great
                 aud
                 sumptuous
                 Domo
                 or
                 Cathedral
                 ,
                 was
                 founded
                 with
                 infinite
                 expence
                 by
                 the
                 Duke
                 
                   Giovan
                   Galeazzo
                
                 ,
                 built
                 with
                 such
                 industry
                 ,
                 that
                 for
                 its
                 greatness
                 and
                 Architecture
                 ,
                 the
                 pretiousness
                 of
                 the
                 Marbles
                 and
                 workmanship
                 ,
                 few
                 Temples
                 of
                 the
                 World
                 can
                 be
                 paralleled
                 unto
                 it
                 .
                 T
                 is
                 all
                 of
                 white
                 Marble
                 ,
                 and
                 about
                 it
                 are
                 500.
                 
                 Statues
                 of
                 the
                 same
                 .
                 It
                 s
                 length
                 from
                 East
                 to
                 West
                 is
                 250.
                 
                 Cubits
                 ,
                 and
                 breadth
                 130.
                 
                 It
                 hath
                 six
                 Cupolaes
                 ,
                 one
                 80.
                 cubits
                 high
                 ,
                 two
                 50.
                 another
                 forty
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 others
                 30.
                 
                 The
                 four
                 Pilastres
                 of
                 the
                 greater
                 Cupola
                 are
                 32
                 cubis
                 distant
                 one
                 from
                 t'other
                 ;
                 It
                 hath
                 three
                 proportionated
                 Isles
                 with
                 sive
                 gates
                 in
                 the
                 front
                 ;
                 the
                 Casements
                 ,
                 and
                 Arches
                 are
                 of
                 a
                 Pyramid
                 form
                 ,
                 the
                 Iron
                 Bars
                 which
                 sustain
                 this
                 great
                 work
                 ,
                 are
                 so
                 hugely
                 bigg
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 Architectors
                 of
                 Charles
                 the
                 fifth
                 beholding
                 them
                 from
                 the
                 ground
                 were
                 amazed
                 at
                 them
                 ;
                 Among
                 the
                 
                 other
                 Statues
                 ,
                 there
                 are
                 two
                 most
                 stupedious
                 ,
                 the
                 one
                 of
                 Adam
                 ,
                 the
                 other
                 of
                 
                   S.
                   Bartolomeo
                
                 flleaed
                 ,
                 divinely
                 carved
                 by
                 
                   Christopher
                   Cibo
                
                 ,
                 in
                 one
                 of
                 which
                 may
                 be
                 clearly
                 discerned
                 the
                 whole
                 Anatomy
                 of
                 Man
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 unparalleld
                 .
                 It
                 hath
                 two
                 great
                 Organs
                 ,
                 in
                 one
                 of
                 which
                 stands
                 David
                 the
                 Prophet
                 ,
                 playing
                 on
                 the
                 Symbal
                 before
                 the
                 Ark
                 ,
                 wrought
                 with
                 great
                 artifice
                 by
                 Gioseffo
                 of
                 Monza
                 .
                 It
                 hath
                 two
                 noble
                 Vestries
                 ,
                 wherein
                 they
                 preserve
                 their
                 Vestments
                 ,
                 rich
                 Ornaments
                 ,
                 and
                 Vessels
                 given
                 them
                 by
                 Arch-Bishops
                 ,
                 and
                 Dukes
                 ,
                 with
                 many
                 reliques
                 of
                 Saints
                 .
                 It
                 hath
                 besides
                 a
                 stately
                 Chorus
                 ,
                 where
                 the
                 Dukes
                 of
                 Milan
                 are
                 intombed
                 ,
                 and
                 before
                 the
                 great
                 Altar
                 stands
                 the
                 Grave
                 of
                 Cardinal
                 
                   Carlo
                   Borromeo
                
                 ,
                 whose
                 sanctity
                 of
                 Life
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 form
                 of
                 good
                 living
                 ,
                 prescribed
                 by
                 him
                 to
                 others
                 ,
                 hath
                 raised
                 this
                 opinion
                 ,
                 that
                 his
                 Soul
                 ascended
                 immediately
                 out
                 of
                 his
                 Body
                 into
                 Heaven
                 :
                 In
                 another
                 part
                 is
                 the
                 Tomb
                 of
                 
                   Giacomo
                   Medici
                
                 ,
                 Marques
                 of
                 Melignano
                 ,
                 a
                 Captain
                 of
                 great
                 valour
                 ,
                 and
                 his
                 statue
                 with
                 his
                 natural
                 Visage
                 ,
                 and
                 Military
                 habit
                 in
                 Brass
                 ,
                 made
                 by
                 
                   Leone
                   Aretino
                
                 .
                 In
                 this
                 Church
                 they
                 reverently
                 keep
                 also
                 one
                 of
                 the
                 Nayls
                 wherewith
                 our
                 Saviour
                 was
                 nayled
                 to
                 the
                 Cross
                 ,
                 given
                 by
                 Theodosius
                 the
                 Emperor
                 .
              
               
                 Among
                 the
                 other
                 pious
                 places
                 ,
                 is
                 the
                 great
                 Hospital
                 of
                 Milan
                 ,
                 praisable
                 ,
                 seated
                 in
                 an
                 Island
                 ,
                 and
                 invironed
                 with
                 Columns
                 ,
                 and
                 Porches
                 ,
                 t
                 is
                 600.
                 rods
                 about
                 ,
                 150.
                 of
                 a
                 side
                 ;
                 T
                 is
                 divided
                 into
                 four
                 most
                 capacious
                 appartments
                 ,
                 having
                 underneath
                 many
                 little
                 Shops
                 made
                 on
                 purpose
                 for
                 the
                 workers
                 ,
                 employed
                 for
                 the
                 use
                 of
                 the
                 Hospitals
                 :
                 In
                 the
                 middle
                 walk
                 are
                 112.
                 
                 Beds
                 for
                 sick
                 persons
                 ,
                 all
                 hung
                 with
                 Curtains
                 ,
                 equally
                 distant
                 one
                 from
                 another
                 ,
                 and
                 accommodated
                 in
                 such
                 manner
                 ,
                 that
                 at
                 the
                 saying
                 of
                 Mass
                 all
                 may
                 hear
                 .
                 It
                 s
                 revenue
                 is
                 50000.
                 
                 Crowns
                 ,
                 somtimes
                 exceeds
                 90000.
                 
                 Crowns
                 
                   per.
                   Ann.
                
                 It
                 maintains
                 4000.
                 
                 Souls
                 ,
                 and
                 for
                 its
                 noble
                 Structure
                 may
                 be
                 fit
                 for
                 the
                 greatest
                 Prince
                 .
                 Five
                 miles
                 out
                 of
                 Milan
                 on
                 the
                 Road
                 of
                 Come
                 ,
                 is
                 the
                 Lazuretto
                 of
                 Saint
                 George
                 ,
                 (
                 for
                 the
                 infected
                 of
                 the
                 Plague
                 )
                 which
                 edifice
                 is
                 four-squared
                 ,
                 1800
                 yards
                 in
                 circuit
                 ,
                 round
                 i●…
                 runs
                 a
                 Channel
                 ;
                 and
                 within
                 it
                 are
                 infinite
                 beds
                 with
                 sufficient
                 provision
                 of
                 all
                 necessaries
                 .
              
               
                 In
                 this
                 City
                 are
                 many
                 Noble
                 ,
                 Lordly
                 ,
                 and
                 magnificent
                 Families
                 ,
                 among
                 others
                 the
                 Ancient
                 house
                 of
                 the
                 Pusturley
                 ,
                 the
                 Turriani
                 ,
                 who
                 came
                 from
                 
                   Valle
                   Sassiuo
                
                 ,
                 and
                 sometime
                 governed
                 here
                 ,
                 from
                 this
                 Family
                 came
                 
                   Matteo
                   Turriano
                
                 ,
                 who
                 being
                 Captain
                 for
                 Conradus
                 the
                 second
                 Emperour
                 ,
                 in
                 Arabia
                 against
                 the
                 Moors
                 ,
                 was
                 taken
                 Prisoner
                 ,
                 and
                 Martyrd
                 for
                 the
                 Faith
                 of
                 Christ.
                 The
                 Visconti
                 ,
                 as
                 some
                 say
                 ,
                 were
                 descended
                 from
                 the
                 Trojani
                 ,
                 who
                 built
                 Angiera
                 ,
                 near
                 the
                 Lake
                 Maggiore
                 ,
                 which
                 City
                 they
                 long
                 possessed
                 ,
                 when
                 being
                 the
                 most
                 potent
                 Family
                 in
                 
                   Lombardy
                   ,
                   Matteo
                   Visconte
                
                 was
                 constituted
                 imperial
                 Vicar
                 of
                 Milan
                 ,
                 and
                 all
                 Lombardy
                 ,
                 and
                 permitted
                 to
                 carry
                 the
                 Eagle
                 in
                 his
                 ensignes
                 .
                 Others
                 say
                 this
                 Family
                 had
                 its
                 original
                 from
                 the
                 Kings
                 of
                 the
                 Longobards
                 ,
                 Be
                 it
                 as
                 t
                 will
                 ,
                 twelve
                 Princes
                 of
                 the
                 Visconti
                 held
                 the
                 dominion
                 of
                 Milan
                 170.
                 years
                 Under
                 Duke
                 
                   John
                   Galleazzo
                
                 it
                 commanded
                 29.
                 
                 Cities
                 besides
                 Lumbardy
                 ,
                 among
                 others
                 
                   Genoua
                   ,
                   Bologna
                   ,
                   Pisa
                   ,
                   Belluno
                   ,
                
                 and
                 Trento
                 .
                 From
                 the
                 illustrious
                 Family
                 of
                 Sforzaes
                 have
                 descended
                 six
                 Dukes
                 of
                 Milan
                 ,
                 Cardinals
                 ,
                 Queens
                 ,
                 and
                 one
                 Empress
                 .
                 And
                 besides
                 the
                 aforenamed
                 ,
                 the
                 Families
                 of
                 the
                 
                   Trivultii
                   ,
                   Biraghi
                   ,
                   Medici
                   ,
                   Ruschi
                   ,
                   Mezenti
                   ,
                   Bezzozzi
                   ,
                
                 and
                 others
                 are
                 of
                 Milan
                 .
              
               
               
                 It
                 produced
                 4.
                 
                 Popes
                 ,
                 Urban
                 the
                 third
                 ,
                 Celestine
                 the
                 fourth
                 ,
                 Pius
                 the
                 fourth
                 ,
                 and
                 Gregory
                 the
                 14th
                 .
                 Two
                 Emperors
                 ,
                 
                   Didius
                   Julianus
                
                 ,
                 and
                 
                   Maximinianus
                   Herculeus
                
                 ,
                 who
                 built
                 the
                 Hercolean
                 hot
                 Baths
                 ,
                 and
                 here
                 in
                 Milan
                 deposed
                 and
                 quit
                 the
                 Emperial
                 Diademme
                 ;
                 as
                 also
                 
                   Virginius
                   Rufus
                
                 ,
                 thrice
                 Consul
                 ,
                 with
                 many
                 Cardinals
                 ,
                 Bishops
                 ,
                 Saints
                 ,
                 with
                 eminent
                 scholars
                 in
                 all
                 ages
                 ,
                 as
                 
                   Salvio
                   Giuliano
                
                 ,
                 Grandsire
                 to
                 Giuliano
                 the
                 Emperor
                 ,
                 
                   Paulo
                   Eleazarno
                   ,
                   Gioan
                   Lignano
                   ,
                   Giasone
                   del
                   Maino
                   ,
                   Filippo
                   Deno
                   ,
                   Andrea
                   Alciato
                   ,
                   Marco
                   Massimo
                
                 the
                 Historian
                 ,
                 and
                 Astrologer
                 ,
                 Cecilio
                 the
                 Comick
                 Poet
                 ,
                 the
                 Cardinal
                 
                   Paulo
                   Emilio
                   Sfrondato
                
                 Nephew
                 of
                 Pope
                 Gregory
                 the
                 14.
                 a
                 person
                 worthy
                 of
                 much
                 praise
                 ,
                 for
                 his
                 goodness
                 and
                 integrity
                 of
                 life
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Arch
                 Bishop
                 of
                 Milan
                 hath
                 the
                 Title
                 of
                 Prince
                 ,
                 and
                 hath
                 a
                 long
                 time
                 enjoyed
                 the
                 primacy
                 thereof
                 :
                 Its
                 Jurisdiction
                 extended
                 it self
                 heretofore
                 to
                 
                   Genoua
                   ,
                   Bologno
                
                 ,
                 and
                 some
                 parts
                 of
                 Sicilia
                 ,
                 and
                 proceeded
                 from
                 its
                 riches
                 and
                 pride
                 ,
                 to
                 that
                 rashness
                 ,
                 that
                 for
                 200.
                 years
                 it
                 with
                 drew
                 it self
                 from
                 the
                 Roman
                 Bishops
                 ,
                 but
                 
                   Carlo
                   Borromeo
                
                 hath
                 taken
                 off
                 much
                 of
                 that
                 obliquy
                 ,
                 by
                 the
                 splendour
                 he
                 hath
                 given
                 to
                 that
                 Arch
                 Bishoprick
                 by
                 his
                 holy
                 conversation
                 ,
                 whom
                 Cardinal
                 Federick
                 his
                 Nephew
                 succeeded
                 ,
                 a
                 worthy
                 imitator
                 of
                 his
                 Uncle
                 .
              
               
                 Before
                 a
                 Palace
                 near
                 the
                 
                   Porta
                   Lodivica
                
                 ,
                 is
                 an
                 Altar
                 of
                 Marble
                 Stones
                 ,
                 where
                 on
                 one
                 side
                 is
                 earve●…
                 
                   Diana
                   Luci
                   fera
                
                 (
                 as
                 Cicero
                 calls
                 her
                 )
                 with
                 a
                 burning
                 Torch
                 ,
                 as
                 Lucillus
                 writes
                 in
                 his
                 Satyrs
                 .
                 
                   
                     —
                     Et
                     Regyna
                     videbis
                     Maenia
                     ,
                     tum
                     Liparas
                     ,
                     facelinae
                     templa
                     Dianae
                     .
                  
                
              
               
                 For
                 this
                 Godess
                 was
                 in
                 this
                 manner
                 adored
                 in
                 the
                 Island
                 ,
                 Lipari
                 ,
                 and
                 at
                 its
                 Feet
                 is
                 a
                 Blood-hound
                 with
                 the
                 eyes
                 towards
                 the
                 Goddess
                 ,
                 on
                 the
                 other
                 fide
                 is
                 
                   Apollo
                   Medico
                
                 ,
                 leaning
                 on
                 a
                 Tripode
                 ,
                 with
                 a
                 Bow
                 in
                 his
                 right
                 hand
                 ,
                 and
                 a
                 quiver
                 of
                 arrows
                 hanging
                 at
                 his
                 shoulder
                 ,
                 near
                 his
                 feet
                 a
                 Scepter
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Serpent
                 Pitone
                 ,
                 who
                 is
                 therefore
                 called
                 by
                 the
                 Poets
                 
                   Pitio
                   ,
                   &
                   Citaredeo
                
                 ,
                 before
                 the
                 said
                 Altar
                 may
                 be
                 read
                 this
                 inscription
                 .
                 
                   AEsculapio
                   &
                   Hygiae
                   Sacrum
                   C.
                   Oppius
                   .
                   G.
                   L.
                   Leonas
                   VI.
                   Vir.
                   &
                   Aug.
                   Honoratus
                   .
                   In
                   Tribu
                   .
                   GL
                   .
                   Patrum
                   ,
                   &
                   liberum
                   Clientium
                   .
                   &
                   Adcensus
                   Patroni
                   .
                   Sanctissimis
                   Communicipibus
                   suis.
                   DD.
                   Quorum
                   .
                   Dedicatione
                   Singulis
                   Decurionibus
                   *
                   III.
                   Augustalibus
                   .
                   *
                   II.
                   Et
                   Colonis
                   .
                   Cenam
                   .
                   Dedit
                   L.
                   D.
                   D.
                   D.
                   
                
              
               
                 There
                 are
                 in
                 Milan
                 II.
                 Collegiat
                 Churches
                 ,
                 71.
                 
                 Parochials
                 ,
                 30.
                 
                 Convents
                 of
                 Fryers
                 ,
                 and
                 8
                 of
                 Regulars
                 ,
                 36.
                 
                 Monasteries
                 of
                 Nuns
                 ,
                 32.
                 
                 Confraternities
                 or
                 Fryeries
                 ,
                 which
                 with
                 diverse
                 others
                 amount
                 to
                 238.
                 
                 Churches
                 ,
                 with
                 120.
                 
                 Schools
                 ,
                 where
                 Boys
                 are
                 instructed
                 in
                 Christian
                 Doctrine
                 and
                 other
                 Learning
                 .
              
               
               
                 It
                 hath
                 therefore
                 worthily
                 attributed
                 to
                 it
                 the
                 name
                 of
                 Milan
                 the
                 great
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 estimation
                 of
                 one
                 of
                 the
                 four
                 great
                 Cities
                 of
                 Italy
                 ,
                 that
                 is
                 ,
                 
                   Roma
                   ,
                   Venetia
                   ,
                   Milano
                   ,
                   Napoli
                   ,
                
                 and
                 
                   Autonio
                   Callo
                
                 reckons
                 it
                 one
                 of
                 the
                 ten
                 greatest
                 of
                 Europe
                 ,
                 it
                 well
                 may
                 be
                 accounted
                 and
                 taken
                 for
                 the
                 greatest
                 of
                 any
                 Metropolis
                 in
                 a
                 Dutchy
                 .
              
               
                 Going
                 forth
                 of
                 the
                 Gate
                 Camasina
                 ,
                 towards
                 the
                 North
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 
                 Mountains
                 ,
                 at
                 25.
                 miles
                 distance
                 one
                 arivies
                 at
                 Como
                 ,
                 which
                 rea●…
                 affords
                 nothing
                 worthy
                 observation
                 ,
                 but
                 the
                 Town
                 Bersalina
                 ,
                 where
                 
                 Saint
                 Peetro
                 the
                 Martyr
                 was
                 slain
                 by
                 the
                 Hereticks
                 ,
                 and
                 in
                 that
                 place
                 where
                 he
                 wrote
                 the
                 12.
                 
                 Articles
                 of
                 Faith
                 ,
                 with
                 his
                 blood
                 ,
                 there
                 is
                 a
                 Grott
                 where
                 they
                 continually
                 digg
                 Earth
                 ,
                 and
                 yet
                 it
                 appears
                 no
                 hollow
                 ;
                 Over
                 that
                 place
                 they
                 pretend
                 likewise
                 to
                 see
                 a
                 great
                 splendour
                 ,
                 which
                 God
                 sheweth
                 for
                 the
                 glory
                 of
                 that
                 holy
                 Body
                 there
                 inhumanly
                 slain
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 COMO
                 .
              
               
                 COmo
                 is
                 a
                 City
                 famous
                 for
                 the
                 genteelness
                 of
                 her
                 Citizens
                 and
                 flourishing
                 Muse
                 of
                 
                   Paolo
                   Giovo
                
                 ,
                 is
                 seated
                 in
                 a
                 Plain
                 environed
                 with
                 Mountains
                 ,
                 and
                 near
                 the
                 Lake
                 Lario
                 or
                 Como
                 ,
                 within
                 which
                 and
                 opposite
                 to
                 Como
                 is
                 a
                 small
                 Town
                 built
                 as
                 it
                 t
                 were
                 in
                 a
                 Peninsula
                 ,
                 and
                 at
                 the
                 lower
                 end
                 thereof
                 stands
                 a
                 Palace
                 ,
                 where
                 the
                 abovenamed
                 ,
                 Paolo
                 ,
                 had
                 embellished
                 a
                 Library
                 with
                 a
                 noble
                 collection
                 of
                 Books
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 pourtrays
                 of
                 the
                 most
                 illustrious
                 persons
                 ,
                 as
                 is
                 expressed
                 in
                 his
                 books
                 called
                 
                   gli
                   .
                   Elogii
                
                 ,
                 but
                 at
                 present
                 there
                 remains
                 nothing
                 of
                 it
                 more
                 than
                 certain
                 pictures
                 upon
                 the
                 Walls
                 ,
                 The
                 Images
                 ,
                 Books
                 ,
                 Robes
                 of
                 
                   Prete
                   Janni
                
                 King
                 of
                 AEthiopia
                 ,
                 the
                 Bowes
                 and
                 other
                 Arms
                 of
                 the
                 Antipodes
                 ,
                 with
                 many
                 other
                 curiosities
                 not
                 else
                 where
                 to
                 be
                 found
                 ,
                 and
                 of
                 good
                 valew
                 ,
                 are
                 removed
                 thence
                 to
                 the
                 Palace
                 of
                 the
                 Giovii
                 ;
                 within
                 Como
                 in
                 the
                 Dome
                 or
                 Cathedral
                 Church
                 on
                 the
                 left
                 hand
                 is
                 erected
                 the
                 sumptuons
                 Tombe
                 of
                 
                   Benedetto
                   Giovo
                
                 the
                 famous
                 writer
                 ,
                 in
                 the
                 City
                 likewise
                 may
                 be
                 read
                 many
                 epitaphs
                 and
                 writings
                 ,
                 testifying
                 their
                 antiquity
                 and
                 constant
                 fidelity
                 to
                 the
                 Rou●…an
                 Common-Wealth
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Lake
                 Como
                 ,
                 is
                 36.
                 miles
                 long
                 ,
                 and
                 somewhat
                 more
                 than
                 three
                 miles
                 broad
                 ,
                 upon
                 which
                 (
                 when
                 calm
                 )
                 the
                 Citizens
                 in
                 their
                 boats
                 recreate
                 themselves
                 ,
                 near
                 the
                 end
                 stands
                 the
                 Fountain
                 of
                 Pliny
                 ,
                 and
                 Belacio
                 ,
                 a
                 Palace
                 of
                 the
                 
                   Signori
                   Spondati
                
                 ,
                 invironed
                 with
                 spatious
                 
                 Gardens
                 ,
                 which
                 are
                 adorned
                 with
                 fair
                 Arbours
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Walls
                 clothed
                 with
                 Gessamines
                 ,
                 Roses
                 ,
                 Rosemary
                 ,
                 and
                 other
                 sweets
                 ,
                 together
                 with
                 some
                 Woods
                 of
                 Juneper
                 Trees
                 ,
                 which
                 harbour
                 all
                 sorts
                 of
                 Birds
                 .
              
               
                 Ten
                 Miles
                 distant
                 from
                 Milan
                 ,
                 and
                 between
                 it
                 and
                 Como
                 ,
                 stands
                 the
                 stately
                 Castle
                 Monza
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 washed
                 by
                 the
                 River
                 Lambro
                 ,
                 
                 It
                 was
                 amplified
                 by
                 Thedorick
                 first
                 King
                 of
                 the
                 Goths
                 ,
                 and
                 Teodolinae
                 the
                 Queen
                 ,
                 there
                 erected
                 a
                 magnificent
                 Temple
                 dedicated
                 to
                 Saint
                 John
                 the
                 Baptist
                 ,
                 endowing
                 it
                 with
                 great
                 riches
                 ,
                 among
                 others
                 with
                 a
                 Saphyr
                 of
                 inestimable
                 price
                 ,
                 a
                 Brood
                 Hen
                 and
                 Chickens
                 of
                 Gold
                 ,
                 and
                 many
                 other
                 vessels
                 of
                 Gold
                 ,
                 therein
                 also
                 are
                 preserved
                 many
                 reliques
                 in
                 Vessels
                 ,
                 given
                 to
                 it
                 by
                 
                   San
                   Gregory
                
                 .
                 
              
               
                 Then
                 appears
                 Somasca
                 upon
                 the
                 Mountains
                 ,
                 a
                 Town
                 often
                 named
                 for
                 the
                 Original
                 of
                 the
                 Religious
                 order
                 of
                 the
                 regular
                 Priests
                 of
                 Somasca
                 ;
                 a
                 little
                 more
                 forward
                 ,
                 you
                 see
                 (
                 near
                 the
                 Banks
                 of
                 the
                 Lake
                 
                 Como
                 the
                 impregnable
                 Castle
                 Leaco
                 ,
                 whence
                 you
                 passe
                 by
                 water
                 to
                 Como
                 ,
                 and
                 then
                 advancing
                 a
                 little
                 farther
                 ,
                 the
                 Traveller
                 cometh
                 to
                 the
                 Country
                 of
                 the
                 Grizons
                 ,
                 through
                 which
                 runs
                 the
                 River
                 Adda
                 .
              
               
                 On
                 the
                 left
                 hand
                 of
                 Monza
                 ,
                 rise
                 the
                 Mountains
                 of
                 Bianza
                 ,
                 which
                 afford
                 most
                 excellent
                 Wines
                 ,
                 and
                 three
                 miles
                 distant
                 from
                 Monza
                 on
                 the
                 right
                 hand
                 lies
                 a
                 well-manured
                 Campagna
                 ,
                 wherein
                 
                   Francesco
                   Secundo
                   Sforza
                
                 ,
                 defeated
                 the
                 French
                 Army
                 ,
                 commanded
                 by
                 Lotrecco
                 ,
                 where
                 after
                 the
                 death
                 of
                 many
                 thousand
                 Souldiers
                 ,
                 on
                 both
                 sides
                 ,
                 he
                 obtained
                 a
                 glorious
                 victory
                 .
                 On
                 this
                 fide
                 also
                 (
                 before
                 the
                 arrival
                 at
                 the
                 River
                 Varo
                 ,
                 the
                 boundary
                 of
                 Italy
                 ,
                 appears
                 the
                 small
                 River
                 Martesana
                 ,
                 an
                 Arm
                 of
                 the
                 Adda
                 ,
                 which
                 runs
                 under
                 the
                 Gorgongiola
                 ,
                 over
                 
                 which
                 stands
                 a
                 Bridge
                 ,
                 whence
                 they
                 descend
                 to
                 Milan
                 ,
                 and
                 thus
                 we
                 have
                 described
                 the
                 places
                 on
                 the
                 Eastern
                 Part.
                 
              
               
                 Issuing
                 out
                 of
                 the
                 Gate
                 of
                 
                   Milan
                   ,
                   Vercella
                
                 ,
                 towards
                 the
                 West
                 ,
                 you
                 meet
                 the
                 compleat
                 Town
                 Ro
                 ,
                 near
                 by
                 which
                 ,
                 passeth
                 an
                 Arm
                 of
                 the
                 
                 Tesino
                 to
                 Milan
                 ,
                 on
                 the
                 other
                 side
                 of
                 which
                 Rivolet
                 ,
                 is
                 Ensalaro
                 with
                 many
                 other
                 Castles
                 ,
                 whence
                 taking
                 the
                 right-hand
                 way
                 ,
                 you
                 arrive
                 at
                 the
                 
                   Lago
                   Maggiore
                
                 ,
                 at
                 the
                 very
                 source
                 of
                 the
                 River
                 Tesino
                 ,
                 which
                 goes
                 to
                 Pavia
                 ,
                 near
                 which
                 stands
                 Angiera
                 whence
                 the
                 
                   Signori
                   d'
                   Angiera
                
                 ,
                 
                 now
                 Viscounts
                 ,
                 take
                 their
                 rise
                 .
                 Then
                 at
                 17.
                 miles
                 distance
                 from
                 Milan
                 upon
                 a
                 Mountain
                 ,
                 (
                 being
                 as
                 t
                 were
                 one
                 of
                 the
                 Boundaries
                 to
                 the
                 Lake
                 )
                 appears
                 the
                 devout
                 Temple
                 of
                 
                   Santa
                   Maria
                   del
                   Monte
                
                 ,
                 whither
                 resort
                 great
                 concourse
                 of
                 People
                 ,
                 to
                 obtain
                 their
                 requests
                 from
                 God
                 at
                 the
                 intercession
                 of
                 the
                 blessed
                 Virgin
                 Mary
                 .
                 Then
                 passing
                 the
                 Tessino
                 ,
                 you
                 find
                 Viglebia
                 ,
                 a
                 new
                 small
                 City
                 but
                 fair
                 ,
                 where
                 stands
                 the
                 magnificent
                 Palace
                 called
                 the
                 Ssorzesca
                 ,
                 so
                 named
                 from
                 
                   Lodovico
                   Sforza
                
                 ,
                 Duke
                 of
                 Milan
                 ,
                 who
                 built
                 and
                 gave
                 it
                 to
                 the
                 Religious
                 Order
                 of
                 the
                 Dominican
                 Fryers
                 ,
                 who
                 to
                 this
                 day
                 possess
                 it
                 .
              
               
                 From
                 whence
                 on
                 the
                 right
                 hand
                 way
                 ,
                 lies
                 Novarra
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Country
                 Lemellina
                 ,
                 and
                 on
                 the
                 left
                 hand
                 ,
                 the
                 Castle
                 Mortarra
                 ,
                 heretofore
                 
                 called
                 the
                 fayr
                 Wood
                 ,
                 but
                 afterwards
                 from
                 the
                 great
                 slaughter
                 of
                 the
                 Longobards
                 ,
                 there
                 made
                 by
                 Charles
                 the
                 great
                 ,
                 sighting
                 with
                 Desiderius
                 their
                 King
                 ,
                 it
                 was
                 named
                 Mortara
                 .
                 On
                 the
                 same
                 side
                 also
                 is
                 the
                 Castle
                 Valese
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Town
                 Vatalle
                 under
                 the
                 Mountains
                 ,
                 where
                 in
                 
                 burnt
                 Earth
                 is
                 effigiated
                 the
                 Sepulchre
                 of
                 our
                 Saviour
                 ,
                 with
                 all
                 the
                 mysteries
                 of
                 his
                 passion
                 in
                 divers
                 little
                 Chapels
                 ,
                 to
                 which
                 much
                 Application
                 is
                 made
                 with
                 great
                 reverence
                 by
                 the
                 neighbouring
                 People
                 ;
                 near
                 which
                 begins
                 the
                 Loke
                 Laguno
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Country
                 of
                 the
                 Grizons
                 .
              
            
          
           
             
               The
               Journey
               from
               MILAN
               to
               PAVIA
               .
            
             
               BEtween
               Milan
               and
               Pavia
               stands
               the
               most
               noble
               Monastery
               of
               Certosa
               ,
               built
               by
               
                 Giovanno
                 Galeazzo
                 Visconte
              
               ,
               first
               Duke
               of
               Milan
               ,
               endowed
               with
               a
               great
               Revenue
               ,
               in
               whose
               Temple
               himself
               lies
               buried
               ,
               in
               a
               stately
               Marble
               Tombe
               ,
               wherein
               is
               erected
               his
               Statue
               with
               his
               lively
               effigies
               ,
               and
               inscribed
               a
               curious
               Epitaph
               ,
               containing
               his
               famous
               notable
               Deeds
               ,
               which
               Church
               hath
               many
               wonderfull
               Statues
               ,
               
               Sculptures
               ,
               and
               Pictures
               ,
               fair
               Chapels
               ,
               with
               Altars
               enriched
               with
               Gold
               ,
               and
               pretious
               Stones
               ,
               and
               a
               Vestry
               replete
               with
               Vests
               ,
               and
               Vessels
               of
               Gold
               ,
               and
               Silver
               of
               good
               valew
               ,
               and
               many
               Reliqus
               of
               Saints
               .
            
             
               Near
               which
               Monastery
               is
               a
               Park
               ,
               invironed
               with
               a
               Wall
               of
               twenty
               miles
               square
               ,
               wherein
               are
               plowed
               Lands
               ,
               Meadows
               ,
               and
               Woods
               ,
               and
               therein
               are
               preserved
               great
               quantity
               of
               Wilde
               Beasts
               ,
               for
               the
               Chase
               ,
               as
               Hares
               ,
               Roe-Bucks
               ,
               Stags
               ,
               Fallow-Deer
               ,
               with
               other
               Creatures
               ,
               which
               was
               imparked
               by
               the
               same
               Galeazzo
               ,
               but
               is
               in
               some
               places
               fallen
               to
               the
               ground
               .
               Here
               Francesco
               the
               first
               King
               of
               France
               ,
               encamped
               his
               Army
               ,
               when
               he
               besieged
               Pavia
               ,
               in
               the
               year
               of
               our
               Salvation
               1525.
               at
               which
               time
               himself
               with
               the
               King
               of
               Navarre
               ,
               and
               many
               prime
               Barons
               of
               France
               ,
               were
               taken
               Prisoners
               by
               Monsiguors
               ,
               of
               Lonato
               ,
               and
               Barbone
               ,
               Captains
               of
               the
               Army
               of
               Charls
               the
               fifth
               Emperour
               .
            
             
               
                 PAVIA
                 .
              
               
                 PAvia
                 according
                 to
                 Pliny
                 was
                 built
                 by
                 the
                 Levi
                 ,
                 and
                 Marini
                 ,
                 a
                 People
                 of
                 Liguria
                 ,
                 not
                 far
                 from
                 the
                 Poe
                 :
                 But
                 Entropius
                 and
                 
                   Paulus
                   Diaconus
                
                 will
                 have
                 it
                 to
                 be
                 founded
                 by
                 the
                 Insubri
                 and
                 Boii
                 ,
                 after
                 the
                 Declension
                 of
                 of
                 the
                 Roman
                 Empire
                 ,
                 to
                 whom
                 t
                 was
                 for
                 some
                 time
                 subject
                 .
                 It
                 was
                 subjugated
                 afterwards
                 to
                 Attila
                 King
                 of
                 the
                 Hunns
                 ,
                 then
                 to
                 Odoacro
                 ,
                 King
                 of
                 the
                 Heruli
                 ,
                 who
                 having
                 taken
                 it
                 by
                 force
                 ,
                 sacked
                 it
                 ,
                 burnt
                 it
                 ,
                 and
                 levelled
                 the
                 Walls
                 with
                 the
                 Earth
                 :
                 Then
                 it
                 became
                 under
                 the
                 power
                 of
                 the
                 Longobardi
                 ,
                 who
                 there
                 fixing
                 the
                 Regal
                 Scat
                 ,
                 raised
                 many
                 sumptuous
                 Edifices
                 ,
                 as
                 saies
                 
                   Paolo
                   Diacono
                
                 ,
                 among
                 others
                 ,
                 the
                 Monastery
                 of
                 
                   Santa
                   Chiara
                
                 ,
                 was
                 built
                 by
                 Partarito
                 ,
                 the
                 Church
                 of
                 
                   Santa
                   Maria
                   della
                   Pertiche
                
                 ,
                 by
                 Theodolinda
                 the
                 Queen
                 ,
                 the
                 Monastery
                 of
                 
                   S.
                   Pietro
                   in
                   Cielo
                   Aureo
                
                 ,
                 by
                 Lutruprando
                 the
                 King
                 ,
                 who
                 brought
                 thither
                 from
                 Sardigna
                 ,
                 the
                 venerable
                 Corps
                 of
                 Saint
                 Augustine
                 ,
                 there
                 yet
                 kept
                 in
                 a
                 well-polisht
                 Tombe
                 of
                 Marble
                 ,
                 with
                 great
                 reverence
                 ,
                 with
                 many
                 other
                 Structures
                 ,
                 which
                 for
                 brevity
                 sake
                 are
                 passed
                 over
                 ;
                 here
                 also
                 ,
                 one
                 may
                 see
                 the
                 Castle
                 built
                 by
                 
                   Giovan
                   Galeazzo
                   Visconte
                
                 ,
                 and
                 also
                 that
                 antique
                 brass
                 Statue
                 on
                 Horseback
                 ,
                 called
                 Regisole
                 ,
                 which
                 many
                 conjccture
                 to
                 be
                 made
                 for
                 Antonius
                 ,
                 from
                 the
                 Lineaments
                 of
                 the
                 Face
                 add
                 Beard
                 .
              
               
                 There
                 were
                 22.
                 
                 Kings
                 of
                 the
                 Longobardi
                 ,
                 and
                 they
                 reigned
                 202.
                 yeers
                 ,
                 whose
                 Nobles
                 mueh
                 adorned
                 this
                 City
                 ,
                 making
                 her
                 the
                 Regal
                 Scat
                 ,
                 and
                 Mistris
                 of
                 their
                 Provinces
                 .
              
               
                 It
                 hath
                 produced
                 many
                 illustrious
                 men
                 ,
                 among
                 other
                 Giovan
                 the
                 XVIII
                 .
                 Pope
                 ,
                 and
                 
                   Tesore
                   Baccaria
                
                 ,
                 Abbot
                 of
                 
                   Vall
                   Ambroso
                
                 ,
                 Martyred
                 in
                 Florence
                 .
                 It
                 hath
                 many
                 noble
                 Edifices
                 .
                 chiefly
                 that
                 Tower
                 wherein
                 the
                 great
                 Boetius
                 quitted
                 this
                 mortal
                 veil
                 .
                 It
                 is
                 seated
                 in
                 a
                 well
                 tilled
                 Vale
                 near
                 the
                 Appenine
                 Hills
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 River
                 Tesino
                 ,
                 over
                 which
                 was
                 carried
                 a
                 stately
                 Bridge
                 by
                 the
                 Duke
                 
                   Galleazzo
                   Visconte
                
                 .
              
               
                 This
                 City
                 Pavia
                 ,
                 as
                 well
                 in
                 the
                 forenamed
                 Battel
                 in
                 1525.
                 as
                 in
                 several
                 others
                 before
                 and
                 since
                 in
                 latter
                 times
                 ,
                 when
                 the
                 French
                 undertook
                 invasions
                 into
                 Italy
                 and
                 beseiged
                 it
                 ,
                 hath
                 fatally
                 proved
                 the
                 overthrow
                 of
                 their
                 Armies
                 ,
                 the
                 loss
                 of
                 their
                 designs
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Ruine
                 of
                 their
                 Interest
                 in
                 that
                 Country
                 .
              
               
                 In
                 this
                 City
                 was
                 instituted
                 a
                 famous
                 University
                 ,
                 not
                 much
                 inferiour
                 
                 to
                 that
                 of
                 Paris
                 ,
                 by
                 the
                 Emperour
                 Charles
                 the
                 Great
                 ,
                 whose
                 zeal
                 to
                 amplifie
                 the
                 Christian
                 Religion
                 ,
                 caused
                 him
                 to
                 send
                 thither
                 learned
                 Theologians
                 ,
                 to
                 teach
                 publiquely
                 the
                 true
                 Doctrine
                 ,
                 as
                 also
                 other
                 eminent
                 Doctors
                 well
                 read
                 in
                 all
                 the
                 Sciences
                 ,
                 who
                 were
                 much
                 encouraged
                 to
                 repair
                 thither
                 by
                 their
                 large
                 Stipends
                 and
                 his
                 signal
                 favours
                 ;
                 Giacone
                 the
                 so
                 much
                 celebrated
                 Doctor
                 ,
                 among
                 others
                 ,
                 spent
                 many
                 years
                 in
                 this
                 Academy
                 ,
                 also
                 Baldo
                 ,
                 having
                 here
                 read
                 for
                 some
                 time
                 ,
                 dyed
                 ,
                 and
                 lies
                 interred
                 in
                 the
                 Convent
                 of
                 the
                 Fryers
                 Franciscans
                 ,
                 and
                 t
                 is
                 conceived
                 that
                 the
                 sereneness
                 of
                 the
                 Ayr
                 ,
                 so
                 much
                 sharpens
                 the
                 Genius
                 of
                 the
                 Students
                 ,
                 that
                 it
                 hath
                 thence
                 acquired
                 the
                 name
                 of
                 a
                 glorious
                 University
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Faith
                 of
                 Christ
                 was
                 first
                 preached
                 and
                 taught
                 to
                 the
                 Pavians
                 by
                 the
                 blessed
                 Sirus
                 of
                 Aquleia
                 ,
                 at
                 the
                 same
                 time
                 that
                 the
                 Apostle
                 Saint
                 Peter
                 taught
                 in
                 Rome
                 ,
                 from
                 which
                 time
                 to
                 this
                 day
                 they
                 have
                 constantl
                 profest
                 the
                 same
                 .
              
               
                 Its
                 Citizens
                 coveting
                 their
                 own
                 Liberty
                 ,
                 presented
                 themselvs
                 to
                 Philip
                 Arch-Bishop
                 of
                 Ravenna
                 Legate
                 of
                 the
                 Roman
                 Church
                 ,
                 in
                 the
                 yeer
                 of
                 Christ
                 1259.
                 whereby
                 they
                 were
                 long
                 time
                 kept
                 under
                 the
                 Apostolick
                 Sea
                 ,
                 no
                 less
                 in
                 Spirituals
                 than
                 Temporals
                 ,
                 which
                 the
                 more
                 evidently
                 appears
                 by
                 the
                 Oath
                 which
                 the
                 Podestà
                 and
                 other
                 Magistrates
                 solemnly
                 took
                 at
                 their
                 ingression
                 into
                 their
                 several
                 Offices
                 ,
                 precisely
                 in
                 this
                 form
                 .
                 
                   Ego
                   Potestas
                   ,
                   vel
                   Consul
                   Justitiae
                   Papiae
                   ,
                   &c.
                   Ad
                   honorem
                   Dei
                   ,
                   &
                   Virginis
                   Mariae
                   ,
                   ad
                   honorem
                   &
                   reverentiam
                   S.
                   R.
                   Ecclesiae
                   ,
                   &
                   Serenis
                   .
                   DD.
                   Ludovici
                   Romanorum
                   Regis
                   ,
                   &
                   Civitatis
                   Papiae
                   bonum
                   statum
                   juro
                   ad
                   Sancta
                   Dei
                   Evangelia
                   ,
                   corporaliter
                   tactis
                   scripturis
                   ,
                   quod
                   sum
                   &
                   ero
                   fidelis
                   S.
                   R.
                   Ecclesiae
                   ,
                   &
                   Rom.
                   Imperii
                   .
                
              
               
                 The
                 Emperour
                 Charles
                 the
                 great
                 ,
                 taking
                 a
                 Journey
                 into
                 France
                 ,
                 left
                 for
                 his
                 Lieutenants
                 in
                 this
                 City
                 ,
                 the
                 Languschi
                 ,
                 principal
                 Gentlemen
                 of
                 Pavia
                 ,
                 with
                 the
                 title
                 of
                 Vicars
                 ,
                 which
                 constitution
                 the
                 succeeding
                 Emperoors
                 successively
                 approved
                 ,
                 till
                 the
                 time
                 of
                 
                   ●…edrick
                   Barbarossa
                
                 ,
                 who
                 granted
                 them
                 power
                 to
                 elect
                 their
                 own
                 Consuls
                 to
                 govern
                 the
                 City
                 ,
                 whence
                 it
                 was
                 that
                 at
                 the
                 Treaty
                 and
                 Peace
                 made
                 by
                 the
                 said
                 Frederick
                 with
                 the
                 People
                 of
                 Lumbardy
                 ,
                 this
                 City
                 there
                 interven'd
                 as
                 ●…ree
                 ,
                 and
                 not
                 subject
                 to
                 any
                 others
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Pavians
                 (
                 after
                 the
                 expiration
                 of
                 the
                 280.
                 years
                 wherein
                 the
                 Emperors
                 enjoyed
                 her
                 )
                 elected
                 
                   Gio
                   Galeazzo
                   Visconte
                
                 ,
                 for
                 Count
                 of
                 Pavia
                 ,
                 under
                 which
                 capacity
                 the
                 Princes
                 Visconte
                 ,
                 and
                 Sforzeschi
                 successively
                 possessed
                 it
                 ,
                 as
                 doth
                 now
                 the
                 King
                 of
                 Spain
                 ,
                 to
                 whom
                 they
                 surrendred
                 themselves
                 with
                 another
                 title
                 and
                 jurisdiction
                 ,
                 to
                 shew
                 that
                 this
                 City
                 holding
                 themselves
                 not
                 at
                 all
                 subject
                 to
                 the
                 Dutchy
                 of
                 Milan
                 ,
                 but
                 Muncipal
                 ,
                 they
                 might
                 be
                 acknowlged
                 particularly
                 as
                 Counts
                 of
                 the
                 Roman
                 Empire
                 .
              
               
                 No
                 City
                 in
                 Lombardy
                 can
                 better
                 extinguish
                 any
                 Novelties
                 or
                 Uprores
                 than
                 this
                 of
                 Pavia
                 ,
                 and
                 its
                 Territory
                 ,
                 which
                 with
                 the
                 environing
                 Rivers
                 give
                 limits
                 to
                 and
                 divides
                 the
                 
                   Milaneses
                   ,
                   Novareses
                
                 and
                 other
                 People
                 of
                 the
                 hilly
                 Countries
                 ,
                 from
                 the
                 
                   Genoveses
                   ,
                   Tortoneses
                
                 and
                 those
                 of
                 
                   Bobio
                   Alexandria
                
                 ,
                 and
                 Casal
                 ,
                 so
                 that
                 those
                 several
                 People
                 can
                 neither
                 make
                 league
                 nor
                 unite
                 at
                 their
                 own
                 pleasures
                 without
                 the
                 consent
                 of
                 the
                 Citizens
                 of
                 Pavia
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 duly
                 called
                 the
                 Fatal
                 Gate
                 
                 and
                 Key
                 of
                 Lombardy
                 ,
                 from
                 its
                 dominion
                 over
                 the
                 Rivers
                 Poe
                 ,
                 and
                 Tessino
                 ,
                 and
                 from
                 its
                 oportune
                 site
                 ,
                 being
                 empowred
                 to
                 give
                 or
                 deny
                 passage
                 to
                 or
                 from
                 either
                 sides
                 and
                 shores
                 of
                 those
                 Rivers
                 .
              
               
                 Hence
                 we
                 may
                 go
                 by
                 Boat
                 on
                 the
                 Tesino
                 to
                 Piacenza
                 or
                 Cremona
                 .
                 But
                 journying
                 by
                 Land
                 ,
                 you
                 leave
                 on
                 the
                 right
                 hand
                 the
                 Castle
                 
                   Vichiera
                   ,
                   Tortona
                   ,
                   Allessandria
                   ,
                   Montferrate
                   ,
                
                 and
                 then
                 Piedmont
                 .
              
            
          
           
             
               The
               Journey
               from
               MILAN
               to
               BOLOGNA
               by
               the
               
                 VIA
                 EMILIA
              
               ,
               afterwards
               to
               FLORENCE
               ,
               and
               Lastly
               to
               ROME
               .
            
             
               INtending
               to
               travel
               from
               Milan
               to
               Rome
               ,
               you
               must
               proceed
               out
               at
               the
               Roman
               Gate
               ,
               and
               after
               some
               space
               towards
               Lodi
               ,
               you
               meet
               on
               the
               right
               hand
               in
               the
               Territory
               of
               Milan
               ,
               the
               rich
               and
               famous
               Monastery
               of
               Chiaravalle
               ,
               to
               which
               the
               Abbot
               
                 Manfredo
                 Archinto
              
               ,
               among
               other
               Farms
               ,
               gave
               the
               great
               Vineyard
               Pilastrello
               ,
               which
               was
               formerly
               called
               the
               Vineyard
               of
               the
               Poor
               ;
               for
               that
               the
               wine
               there
               collected
               and
               thereof
               made
               ,
               was
               usually
               dispenc'd
               among
               the
               Poor
               ,
               being
               to
               that
               end
               preserved
               in
               one
               entire
               Vessel
               ,
               the
               greatest
               in
               the
               World
               ,
               which
               contayned
               600.
               measures
               ,
               (
               each
               of
               which
               held
               about
               threegallons
               )
               was
               conjoyned
               with
               great
               Beams
               ,
               and
               encompassed
               with
               large
               Hoops
               ,
               which
               when
               empty
               ,
               hath
               for
               its
               grandure
               ,
               been
               held
               a
               worthy
               object
               to
               many
               People
               ,
               and
               to
               some
               Princes
               ,
               Kings
               ,
               and
               Emperors
               ,
               among
               which
               was
               Charles
               the
               fifth
               who
               disdained
               not
               to
               enter
               therein
               .
               Somewhat
               further
               from
               whence
               in
               the
               Territory
               of
               Pavia
               lies
               the
               Town
               -
               Landiciano
               ,
               and
               at
               tenn
               miles
               distant
               from
               Lodi
               the
               noble
               and
               rich
               Castle
               ,
               Meregnana
               ,
               and
               close
               by
               it
               runneth
               the
               River
               Lambro
               ,
               which
               brings
               to
               it
               delight
               ,
               and
               all
               sorts
               of
               provisions
               ;
               near
               it
               is
               the
               place
               where
               Francis
               the
               first
               King
               of
               France
               flew
               16000.
               
               Switzers
               ,
               by
               whose
               deaths
               
                 Massimilian
                 Sforza
              
               happened
               to
               lose
               his
               Seignory
               and
               liberty
               ;
               thence
               six
               miles
               stands
               the
               Castle
               
                 S.
                 Angelo
              
               ,
               washed
               by
               the
               Lambro
               ,
               where
               every
               Wednesday
               ,
               is
               kept
               a
               fayr
               Market
               ;
               thence
               three
               miles
               you
               see
               the
               place
               where
               antiently
               stood
               Lodi
               the
               Old.
               On
               the
               left
               of
               this
               fair
               way
               lies
               Cremona
               ,
               and
               other
               places
               ,
               whereof
               we
               have
               formerly
               treated
               in
               the
               voyage
               from
               Brescia
               ,
               to
               Milan
               ;
               on
               all
               fides
               ,
               you
               behold
               this
               Country
               abounding
               with
               Fruit
               and
               manured
               with
               Vineyards
               .
            
             
               
               
                 LODI
                 .
              
               
                 THis
                 City
                 was
                 founded
                 by
                 
                   Frederick
                   Barbarossa
                
                 ,
                 three
                 miles
                 distant
                 from
                 the
                 old
                 Lodi
                 ,
                 at
                 whose
                 foundation
                 laying
                 ,
                 the
                 said
                 Federick
                 with
                 himself
                 brought
                 all
                 his
                 Princes
                 ,
                 and
                 endowed
                 it
                 with
                 many
                 privileges
                 ,
                 which
                 (
                 under
                 the
                 shadow
                 of
                 the
                 Empire
                 )
                 preserved
                 it
                 a
                 long
                 time
                 in
                 Liberty
                 .
                 Afterwards
                 it
                 chose
                 for
                 its
                 Lords
                 the
                 Vestarini
                 ,
                 it
                 s
                 own
                 Citizens
                 ,
                 and
                 in
                 the
                 end
                 submitted
                 to
                 the
                 Dukes
                 of
                 Milan
                 .
                 The
                 old
                 Lodi
                 was
                 called
                 antientiy
                 
                   Laus
                   Pompeia
                
                 ,
                 for
                 that
                 it
                 was
                 restored
                 by
                 
                   Pompeius
                   Strabo
                
                 ,
                 Father
                 of
                 Pompey
                 the
                 great
                 ,
                 and
                 this
                 new
                 Lodi
                 was
                 made
                 a
                 City
                 by
                 Corrado
                 the
                 second
                 ,
                 Emperour
                 ,
                 at
                 the
                 request
                 of
                 Erimberto
                 ,
                 Arch
                 ▪
                 Bishop
                 of
                 Milan
                 ,
                 and
                 though
                 at
                 his
                 instance
                 yet
                 it
                 no
                 way
                 abated
                 the
                 envy
                 reigning
                 in
                 the
                 breasts
                 of
                 the
                 Milanesi
                 ,
                 for
                 they
                 in
                 the
                 yeer
                 1158.
                 under
                 Ussi
                 ,
                 for
                 the
                 great
                 hatred
                 between
                 them
                 ,
                 destroyed
                 it
                 ,
                 being
                 not
                 at
                 all
                 satisfyed
                 with
                 their
                 throwing
                 down
                 of
                 the
                 Walls
                 ,
                 and
                 driving
                 away
                 the
                 Inhabitants
                 ,
                 un
                 till
                 they
                 had
                 inforced
                 the
                 Citizens
                 to
                 live
                 in
                 villages
                 separate
                 one
                 from
                 another
                 ,
                 at
                 such
                 distance
                 that
                 they
                 might
                 not
                 assemble
                 nor
                 take
                 Counsel
                 how
                 to
                 restore
                 their
                 unhappy
                 Country
                 ,
                 prohibiting
                 them
                 traffick
                 ,
                 and
                 sale
                 of
                 any
                 thing
                 ,
                 or
                 to
                 joyn
                 in
                 allyance
                 ,
                 under
                 penalty
                 of
                 losing
                 their
                 patrimony
                 ,
                 and
                 banishment
                 ;
                 into
                 the
                 like
                 punishment
                 fell
                 such
                 of
                 them
                 as
                 went
                 out
                 of
                 the
                 place
                 they
                 were
                 confined
                 to
                 ,
                 under
                 which
                 misery
                 and
                 servitude
                 they
                 continued
                 for
                 49.
                 yeers
                 .
                 But
                 the
                 Milanesi
                 ,
                 were
                 severely
                 chastized
                 for
                 this
                 their
                 cruelty
                 ,
                 by
                 God
                 the
                 just
                 Judge
                 .
                 Their
                 City
                 Milan
                 being
                 not
                 long
                 after
                 sacked
                 and
                 burnt
                 by
                 Frederick
                 the
                 Emperor
                 .
              
               
                 This
                 City
                 situate
                 in
                 a
                 plain
                 ,
                 is
                 of
                 two
                 miles
                 compass
                 and
                 a
                 round
                 form
                 ,
                 having
                 a
                 pleasant
                 and
                 sertile
                 Territory
                 environing
                 it
                 ,
                 which
                 produceth
                 all
                 sorts
                 of
                 Grain
                 ,
                 delicious
                 Wines
                 ,
                 ane
                 lovely
                 Frui
                 ●…
                 :
                 The
                 Pasture
                 ,
                 and
                 Meadows
                 ,
                 are
                 alwaies
                 in
                 a
                 flourishing
                 green
                 ,
                 being
                 well
                 preserved
                 (
                 from
                 the
                 scorching
                 heat
                 )
                 by
                 the
                 overflowing
                 of
                 the
                 Waters
                 ,
                 which
                 for
                 that
                 conveniency
                 are
                 conveyed
                 in
                 4.
                 or
                 5.
                 
                 Chanels
                 ,
                 one
                 above
                 another
                 almost
                 to
                 a
                 wonder
                 ,
                 and
                 so
                 much
                 to
                 their
                 advantage
                 that
                 they
                 mow
                 their
                 Meadows
                 4.
                 or
                 5.
                 times
                 a
                 yeer
                 ,
                 which
                 with
                 their
                 pasture
                 affords
                 them
                 so
                 much
                 milk
                 as
                 is
                 incredible
                 to
                 such
                 as
                 have
                 not
                 seen
                 it
                 ,
                 wherewith
                 they
                 make
                 abundance
                 of
                 Cheese
                 and
                 some
                 of
                 them
                 weigh
                 500.
                 weight
                 ,
                 here
                 also
                 they
                 dry
                 with
                 salt
                 those
                 savory
                 Calves
                 Tongues
                 ▪
                 so
                 much
                 admired
                 every
                 where
                 .
              
               
                 It
                 hath
                 many
                 Rivers
                 ,
                 and
                 they
                 afford
                 excellent
                 Fish
                 ,
                 particularly
                 most
                 delicate
                 Eels
                 ,
                 The
                 City
                 contains
                 12000.
                 
                 Souls
                 ,
                 and
                 many
                 noble
                 Families
                 ,
                 among
                 others
                 that
                 of
                 the
                 Vestarini
                 who
                 a
                 long
                 time
                 Reigned
                 over
                 it
                 :
                 It
                 hath
                 also
                 given
                 Birth
                 to
                 many
                 Persons
                 ,
                 no
                 less
                 eminent
                 in
                 Letters
                 than
                 Arms.
                 
              
               
                 It
                 received
                 the
                 light
                 of
                 the
                 Christian
                 Faith
                 ,
                 from
                 the
                 preaching
                 of
                 Saint
                 Barnabas
                 ,
                 at
                 the
                 time
                 when
                 Milan
                 was
                 therewith
                 enlightned
                 .
                 
                   S.
                   Bassano
                
                 ,
                 was
                 Bishop
                 of
                 this
                 City
                 ▪
                 to
                 whom
                 a
                 Church
                 therein
                 is
                 dedicate
                 ,
                 enriched
                 with
                 sacerdotal
                 habits
                 ,
                 embroideries
                 of
                 Gold
                 ,
                 and
                 Jewels
                 ,
                 Cups
                 ,
                 Crosses
                 ,
                 Censors
                 ,
                 and
                 other
                 valewable
                 Vessels
                 .
                 T
                 is
                 
                 washed
                 with
                 the
                 River
                 Adda
                 ,
                 over
                 which
                 there
                 is
                 raised
                 a
                 Bridge
                 of
                 Wood
                 ,
                 fix
                 miles
                 off
                 which
                 ,
                 is
                 the
                 rich
                 Abbacy
                 of
                 Borgheto
                 ,
                 and
                 six
                 
                 miles
                 thence
                 stands
                 mount
                 Columbano
                 ,
                 much
                 celebrated
                 for
                 the
                 delicate
                 Wines
                 ,
                 and
                 fruit
                 ;
                 on
                 the
                 left
                 hand
                 of
                 the
                 
                   Strada
                   Ricca
                
                 ,
                 lies
                 the
                 Town
                 Samalia
                 ,
                 with
                 an
                 Hospital
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Abbacy
                 of
                 the
                 Fryers
                 of
                 
                 Saint
                 Gyralamo
                 ,
                 a
                 little
                 fartherly
                 Lorlesco
                 ,
                 and
                 Pusturlingo
                 ,
                 built
                 by
                 the
                 noble
                 Pusterli
                 of
                 Milan
                 ,
                 whence
                 (
                 crossing
                 the
                 River
                 by
                 Boat
                 )
                 about
                 a
                 mile
                 lies
                 Piacenza
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 PIACENZA
                 .
              
               
                 SOme
                 will
                 have
                 this
                 City
                 to
                 take
                 its
                 name
                 from
                 the
                 Pleasantness
                 of
                 its
                 fite
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 beauty
                 of
                 its
                 buildings
                 ,
                 nor
                 have
                 we
                 any
                 other
                 Original
                 for
                 Piacenza
                 :
                 T
                 is
                 seated
                 near
                 the
                 Poe
                 ,
                 in
                 a
                 delightfull
                 place
                 ,
                 having
                 a
                 flourishing
                 Champagua
                 ,
                 and
                 fruitfull
                 Hills
                 ,
                 The
                 first
                 yielding
                 plenty
                 of
                 Corn
                 ,
                 and
                 other
                 things
                 ,
                 for
                 humane
                 sustenance
                 ,
                 the
                 later
                 incomparable
                 Wines
                 ,
                 delicate
                 Fruits
                 ,
                 and
                 Oyl
                 :
                 The
                 Meadows
                 ,
                 (
                 alwaies
                 green
                 ,
                 by
                 reason
                 of
                 the
                 artificial
                 flowing
                 from
                 the
                 surrounding
                 Rivers
                 )
                 are
                 continually
                 stocked
                 with
                 great
                 herds
                 of
                 Cattel
                 ,
                 whence
                 they
                 extract
                 that
                 cheese
                 which
                 for
                 its
                 goodness
                 is
                 so
                 much
                 cryed
                 up
                 through
                 Enrope
                 ,
                 that
                 when
                 they
                 would
                 commend
                 any
                 Cheese
                 ,
                 they
                 call
                 it
                 of
                 Piacentia
                 ;
                 It
                 affords
                 also
                 certain
                 springs
                 of
                 salt
                 water
                 ,
                 (
                 from
                 which
                 with
                 fire
                 they
                 extract
                 the
                 whitest
                 salt
                 )
                 and
                 some
                 Mines
                 of
                 Iron
                 ,
                 and
                 Woods
                 filled
                 with
                 Creatures
                 for
                 the
                 Chase.
                 
              
               
                 It
                 was
                 reduced
                 into
                 a
                 Colony
                 of
                 the
                 Romans
                 ,
                 together
                 with
                 
                   Cremona
                   ▪
                
                 in
                 the
                 350th
                 .
                 yeer
                 after
                 the
                 building
                 of
                 Rome
                 ,
                 by
                 their
                 expulsion
                 of
                 the
                 French
                 out
                 of
                 that
                 Country
                 ,
                 as
                 Livy
                 saies
                 ,
                 who
                 of
                 it
                 makes
                 an
                 honourable
                 mention
                 in
                 divers
                 places
                 ,
                 as
                 well
                 as
                 divers
                 other
                 Historians
                 ,
                 whence
                 t
                 is
                 gathered
                 ,
                 that
                 t
                 was
                 very
                 flourishing
                 in
                 the
                 time
                 of
                 the
                 Romans
                 ,
                 since
                 when
                 it
                 hath
                 suffered
                 many
                 calamities
                 ,
                 more
                 by
                 civil
                 than
                 forein
                 invasions
                 :
                 In
                 the
                 70th
                 .
                 year
                 after
                 the
                 Nativity
                 of
                 our
                 Saviour
                 ,
                 when
                 Vitellius
                 waged
                 War
                 against
                 Otho
                 ,
                 the
                 Amphitheatre
                 standing
                 without
                 its
                 Wall
                 was
                 burnt
                 ,
                 which
                 made
                 Silio
                 to
                 say
                 
                   Quassata
                   Placentia
                   bello
                
                 .
              
               
                 It
                 is
                 embellished
                 with
                 noble
                 structures
                 :
                 As
                 the
                 antient
                 Fountain
                 erected
                 by
                 
                   Augustus
                   Caesar
                
                 ,
                 the
                 sumptuous
                 Church
                 of
                 
                   Santa
                   Maria
                
                 the
                 Virgin
                 ,
                 the
                 Church
                 of
                 
                   Santo
                   Antonio
                
                 the
                 Martyr
                 ,
                 the
                 fair
                 Church
                 of
                 
                   S.
                   Giovanni
                
                 officiated
                 by
                 the
                 Fryers
                 of
                 
                   S.
                   Dominick
                
                 ,
                 and
                 that
                 of
                 
                   San
                   Sisto
                
                 ,
                 with
                 a
                 worthy
                 Monastery
                 ,
                 but
                 above
                 all
                 is
                 resplendent
                 the
                 Temple
                 of
                 
                   Sant
                   Augustino
                
                 ,
                 attended
                 by
                 the
                 canonical
                 Regulars
                 ,
                 which
                 at
                 first
                 was
                 compassed
                 about
                 with
                 a
                 weak
                 Wall
                 ,
                 but
                 afterwards
                 so
                 well
                 fortifyed
                 with
                 strong
                 Walls
                 and
                 a
                 Fort
                 built
                 of
                 Stone
                 ,
                 that
                 it
                 acquired
                 a
                 place
                 among
                 the
                 strong
                 holds
                 of
                 Italy
                 :
                 The
                 City
                 is
                 four
                 miles
                 compass
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Ditches
                 add
                 one
                 mile
                 more
                 ,
                 and
                 is
                 washed
                 by
                 the
                 Rivers
                 ▪
                 Trebia
                 and
                 Poe
                 ;
                 after
                 it
                 had
                 a
                 long
                 time
                 enjoyed
                 its
                 liberty
                 ,
                 it
                 became
                 subject
                 to
                 the
                 
                   Scotti
                   ,
                   Turriani
                
                 ,
                 the
                 Landi
                 ,
                 the
                 Dukes
                 of
                 Milan
                 ,
                 the
                 French
                 ,
                 the
                 Romans
                 ,
                 the
                 holy
                 Church
                 ,
                 but
                 at
                 present
                 it
                 remains
                 in
                 peace
                 under
                 the
                 
                   Signori
                   Farnesi
                
                 .
              
               
                 Pliny
                 drawes
                 a
                 conclusion
                 of
                 the
                 goodness
                 and
                 temperature
                 of
                 the
                 Ayr
                 ,
                 from
                 the
                 old
                 age
                 the
                 Inhabitants
                 arrive
                 to
                 ,
                 who
                 writes
                 that
                 in
                 his
                 time
                 ,
                 one
                 of
                 its
                 Citizens
                 lived
                 to
                 be
                 120.
                 yeers
                 old
                 ,
                 and
                 in
                 its
                 Territory
                 were
                 six
                 persons
                 ,
                 who
                 were
                 110
                 :
                 yeers
                 old
                 a
                 peece
                 ,
                 and
                 one
                 that
                 was
                 aged
                 140.
                 yeers
                 .
                 The
                 City
                 contains
                 18000.
                 
                 Souls
                 ,
                 whereof
                 2000.
                 religious
                 ,
                 many
                 noble
                 Families
                 of
                 great
                 name
                 flourish
                 
                 there
                 at
                 this
                 day
                 ,
                 at
                 the
                 
                   Scotta
                   ,
                   Landa
                
                 ,
                 and
                 Ansusciola
                 ,
                 who
                 possess
                 many
                 Castles
                 and
                 Jurisdictions
                 :
                 Among
                 many
                 other
                 illustrious
                 and
                 vertuous
                 persons
                 ,
                 it
                 gave
                 birth
                 to
                 
                   T.
                   Tinca
                
                 the
                 old
                 fluent
                 Oratour
                 ,
                 and
                 to
                 Pope
                 Gregory
                 the
                 tenth
                 ,
                 who
                 dyed
                 in
                 Arezzo
                 in
                 Tuscany
                 where
                 many
                 signes
                 appeared
                 of
                 his
                 great
                 merits
                 .
              
               
                 Going
                 out
                 of
                 Piacenza
                 ,
                 towards
                 the
                 East
                 and
                 North
                 appears
                 the
                 mouth
                 of
                 the
                 River
                 Trebia
                 ,
                 much
                 spoken
                 of
                 by
                 Historians
                 ,
                 for
                 the
                 overthrow
                 of
                 the
                 Roman
                 Army
                 ,
                 given
                 by
                 Hannibal
                 ,
                 but
                 afore
                 it
                 stands
                 the
                 Church
                 of
                 Saint
                 Antonio
                 ,
                 where
                 the
                 six
                 Souldiers
                 were
                 
                 miraculously
                 burnt
                 by
                 fire
                 ,
                 who
                 blasphemed
                 his
                 name
                 .
                 Then
                 you
                 see
                 Stradella
                 and
                 the
                 Castle
                 of
                 Saint
                 Giovanni
                 and
                 Vichiera
                 .
                 On
                 the
                 Ieftly
                 the
                 Apeni●…e
                 Hills
                 ,
                 among
                 which
                 stands
                 enclosed
                 the
                 City
                 Bobio
                 thirty
                 
                 miles
                 from
                 Piacentia
                 where
                 Teodolenda
                 Queen
                 of
                 the
                 Longobardi
                 ,
                 built
                 a
                 rich
                 and
                 sumptuous
                 Monastery
                 ,
                 at
                 the
                 request
                 of
                 
                   San
                   Colombano
                
                 ,
                 assigning
                 it
                 great
                 possessions
                 for
                 susteining
                 the
                 Monks
                 who
                 served
                 God
                 ,
                 from
                 which
                 Monastery
                 have
                 issued
                 thirty
                 two
                 Saints
                 .
              
               
                 At
                 Piacenza
                 begins
                 the
                 Emilian
                 Way
                 ,
                 called
                 
                   Via
                   Emilia
                
                 ,
                 according
                 to
                 Livy
                 ,
                 which
                 was
                 set
                 out
                 by
                 Emilius
                 the
                 Consul
                 ,
                 and
                 extends
                 it self
                 from
                 thence
                 to
                 Rimini
                 ,
                 towards
                 the
                 South
                 .
                 On
                 the
                 right
                 appears
                 most
                 sharp
                 Mountains
                 ,
                 wherein
                 are
                 built
                 fair
                 Castles
                 ,
                 Towns
                 ,
                 and
                 Villages
                 ,
                 but
                 none
                 of
                 moment
                 ,
                 except
                 
                   Corte
                   Maggiore
                
                 ,
                 belongi●…g
                 to
                 the
                 Pallavicini
                 ,
                 and
                 Arquato
                 ,
                 much
                 named
                 for
                 the
                 sweet
                 Wines
                 
                 there
                 produced
                 .
                 On
                 the
                 left
                 hand
                 of
                 the
                 Emilian
                 Way
                 ,
                 stands
                 Cremona
                 ,
                 whither
                 you
                 may
                 go
                 also
                 by
                 Water
                 from
                 Piacenza
                 upon
                 the
                 Poe
                 :
                 Between
                 Piacenza
                 and
                 Cremona
                 at
                 12.
                 miles
                 distance
                 on
                 the
                 
                   Via
                   Emilia
                
                 ,
                 appears
                 the
                 Castle
                 Fiorenzola
                 ,
                 called
                 Fidentia
                 ,
                 by
                 Tolomeo
                 ,
                 and
                 likewise
                 Livy
                 ,
                 wri●…ing
                 in
                 his
                 88th
                 .
                 Book
                 ,
                 that
                 Silla
                 forced
                 Carbone
                 out
                 of
                 Italy
                 ,
                 having
                 overthrown
                 his
                 Army
                 at
                 
                   Chinso
                   ,
                   Faenza
                
                 ,
                 and
                 Fidentia
                 .
                 Here
                 is
                 that
                 famous
                 Abbacy
                 ,
                 where
                 with
                 royal
                 and
                 splendid
                 
                 provision
                 ,
                 
                   Pietro
                   Antonio
                
                 the
                 Abbot
                 ,
                 received
                 Francis
                 the
                 first
                 King
                 of
                 
                   France
                   ,
                   Charls
                   the
                
                 5th
                 .
                 Emperour
                 ,
                 and
                 
                   Paulus
                   Tertius
                
                 the
                 Pope
                 ;
                 more
                 forward
                 stands
                 the
                 Burgo
                 Saint
                 Donnino
                 ,
                 sortifyed
                 with
                 new
                 
                 Forts
                 ,
                 and
                 created
                 a
                 City
                 lately
                 at
                 the
                 instance
                 of
                 
                   Ranuecio
                   Farnese
                
                 ,
                 Duke
                 of
                 Parma
                 ,
                 Having
                 repassed
                 the
                 Poe
                 ,
                 you
                 arrive
                 at
                 the
                 River
                 Varro
                 ,
                 whence
                 to
                 Parma
                 is
                 four
                 miles
                 ,
                 with
                 a
                 continued
                 course
                 of
                 the
                 Appenines
                 on
                 the
                 right
                 hand
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 PARMA
                 .
              
               
                 THis
                 City
                 is
                 rich
                 and
                 adorned
                 with
                 stately
                 Edifices
                 ,
                 illustrious
                 Families
                 and
                 many
                 Inhabitants
                 .
                 It
                 hath
                 a
                 delightfull
                 and
                 fruitfull
                 Territory
                 ,
                 yielding
                 Corn
                 ,
                 Fruit
                 ,
                 Oyl
                 ,
                 Wine
                 ,
                 and
                 Cheese
                 known
                 through
                 the
                 World
                 ,
                 which
                 hath
                 acquired
                 it
                 a
                 place
                 among
                 the
                 rich
                 and
                 noble
                 Cities
                 of
                 Italy
                 .
              
               
                 T
                 is
                 seated
                 on
                 the
                 
                   Via
                   Emilia
                
                 in
                 a
                 plain
                 at
                 five
                 miles
                 distance
                 from
                 the
                 Apenines
                 ,
                 between
                 which
                 and
                 the
                 Suburb
                 on
                 the
                 West
                 ,
                 passeth
                 the
                 River
                 Parma
                 ,
                 over
                 which
                 is
                 raised
                 a
                 Bridge
                 of
                 carved
                 Stone
                 conjoyning
                 both
                 the
                 Banks
                 :
                 T
                 is
                 not
                 known
                 whether
                 this
                 River
                 took
                 its
                 name
                 from
                 the
                 City
                 ,
                 or
                 the
                 City
                 from
                 the
                 River
                 ,
                 no
                 antient
                 Author
                 making
                 mention
                 of
                 it
                 ,
                 but
                 
                   Livy
                   ,
                   Polibius
                
                 ,
                 and
                 Cicero
                 with
                 other
                 grave
                 Writers
                 ,
                 speak
                 honourably
                 of
                 the
                 City
                 .
                 It
                 was
                 made
                 a
                 Colony
                 for
                 the
                 Romans
                 together
                 with
                 M●…dena
                 ,
                 as
                 Livy
                 averrs
                 ,
                 in
                 his
                 39th
                 .
                 
                 Book
                 in
                 these
                 words
                 .
                 
                   Eodem
                   anno
                   Mutina
                   &
                   Parma
                   Coloniae
                   Romaenorum
                   Civium
                   sunt
                   deductae
                   bina
                   millia
                   hominum
                   in
                   agrum
                   ,
                   qui
                   proximè
                   Boio
                   rum
                   ,
                   ante
                   Tuschorum
                   fuerat
                   ,
                   Octona
                   jugera
                   Parmae
                   ,
                   quina
                   Mutinae
                   acceperunt
                   .
                
              
               
                 It
                 s
                 People
                 are
                 fayr
                 ,
                 and
                 of
                 as
                 noble
                 and
                 spritefull
                 Genius
                 ,
                 disposed
                 not
                 only
                 for
                 Government
                 of
                 the
                 Republick
                 ,
                 but
                 also
                 to
                 Letters
                 and
                 Arms.
                 It
                 hath
                 a
                 fayr
                 and
                 large
                 Campagna
                 ,
                 which
                 nourishing
                 immense
                 numbers
                 of
                 sheep
                 ,
                 affords
                 them
                 plenty
                 of
                 fine
                 Wool
                 ,
                 whereof
                 Martial
                 saies
                 ,
                 
                   
                     Tondet
                     &
                     innumeros
                     Gallica
                     Parma
                     greges
                     .
                  
                
                 and
                 in
                 another
                 place
                 .
                 
                   
                     Velleribus
                     primis
                     Apulia
                     ,
                     Parma
                     secundis
                  
                   
                     Nobilis
                     ,
                     Altinum
                     tertia
                     laudat
                     ovis
                     .
                  
                
              
               
                 It
                 s
                 Ayr
                 is
                 so
                 temperate
                 ,
                 that
                 Pliny
                 saies
                 in
                 the
                 time
                 of
                 Vespasian
                 ,
                 there
                 were
                 two
                 men
                 123.
                 yeers
                 old
                 each
                 .
                 The
                 Campagnia
                 is
                 so
                 spatious
                 that
                 all
                 behold
                 it
                 with
                 wonder
                 ,
                 where
                 stands
                 a
                 Palace
                 for
                 the
                 Dukes
                 ,
                 embellished
                 with
                 Gardens
                 and
                 Fountains
                 .
              
               
                 It
                 was
                 subject
                 to
                 the
                 Roman
                 Empire
                 ,
                 till
                 the
                 decay
                 thereof
                 ,
                 when
                 it
                 recovered
                 its
                 liberty
                 in
                 the
                 yeer
                 of
                 our
                 Lord
                 1248.
                 it
                 was
                 straightly
                 besieged
                 by
                 
                   Frederick
                   Barbarossa
                
                 ,
                 determining
                 not
                 to
                 depart
                 thence
                 ,
                 till
                 he
                 had
                 destroyed
                 it
                 ,
                 which
                 resolution
                 caused
                 him
                 to
                 build
                 a
                 City
                 near
                 it
                 ,
                 called
                 Vittoria
                 ,
                 800
                 els
                 long
                 ,
                 and
                 600.
                 broad
                 ,
                 with
                 eight
                 Gates
                 ,
                 and
                 large
                 dykes
                 ,
                 but
                 this
                 his
                 design
                 was
                 prevented
                 by
                 a
                 salley
                 of
                 the
                 Parmezans
                 ,
                 who
                 assay
                 ling
                 his
                 Army
                 overthrew
                 it
                 ,
                 and
                 destroyed
                 Vittoria
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Domo
                 of
                 Cathedral
                 Church
                 is
                 fayr
                 and
                 sumptuous
                 ,
                 having
                 many
                 Canons
                 and
                 other
                 Priests
                 to
                 officiate
                 :
                 In
                 the
                 Church
                 of
                 
                   San
                   Giovanni
                
                 ,
                 dwell
                 the
                 Fryers
                 of
                 Saint
                 Benedict
                 :
                 In
                 the
                 Church
                 Steccata
                 is
                 stately
                 Architecture
                 ,
                 lovely
                 Pictures
                 and
                 Images
                 :
                 In
                 the
                 Church
                 of
                 the
                 Cupucines
                 ,
                 lies
                 buried
                 
                   Alessandro
                   Farnese
                
                 the
                 invincible
                 Captain
                 and
                 
                   Madama
                   Maria
                
                 his
                 devout
                 Consort
                 .
                 Every
                 Church
                 hath
                 some
                 works
                 of
                 Parmegianino
                 and
                 Corregio
                 ,
                 the
                 famous
                 Painters
                 .
              
               
                 In
                 Parma
                 are
                 the
                 noble
                 Families
                 of
                 the
                 
                   Pallavicini
                   ,
                   Torelli
                   ,
                   Rossi
                   ,
                   Giberti
                   ,
                   Sanvitali
                   ,
                
                 with
                 others
                 .
              
               
                 It
                 hath
                 produced
                 men
                 eminent
                 in
                 Learning
                 ,
                 Virtue
                 and
                 Arms
                 ,
                 as
                 Cassio
                 the
                 Poet
                 ,
                 Macrobio
                 a
                 worthy
                 Writer
                 ,
                 with
                 others
                 ;
                 It
                 is
                 subject
                 to
                 the
                 most
                 serene
                 house
                 of
                 the
                 Farnesi
                 ,
                 who
                 have
                 therein
                 raised
                 many
                 stately
                 Fabricks
                 ,
                 and
                 lately
                 the
                 Duke
                 Ranuccio
                 erected
                 a
                 School
                 for
                 all
                 the
                 general
                 sciences
                 ;
                 drawing
                 thither
                 by
                 his
                 large
                 Stipends
                 ,
                 the
                 most
                 eminent
                 Doctors
                 of
                 Italy
                 .
              
               
                 It
                 is
                 four
                 miles
                 in
                 circuit
                 ,
                 and
                 contains
                 22.
                 thousand
                 Souls
                 .
              
               
                 Forth
                 of
                 Parma
                 towards
                 the
                 North
                 is
                 Colorno
                 a
                 well-governed
                 Castle
                 
                 with
                 other
                 fair
                 places
                 ,
                 and
                 towards
                 the
                 South
                 ,
                 having
                 passed
                 the
                 River
                 Taro
                 and
                 travelled
                 35.
                 miles
                 you
                 meet
                 Borgo
                 a
                 noble
                 Castle
                 of
                 the
                 Dukes
                 of
                 Parma
                 ,
                 from
                 which
                 Country
                 besides
                 great
                 plenty
                 of
                 all
                 
                 necessaries
                 for
                 humane
                 sustenance
                 ,
                 they
                 gather
                 sometimes
                 a
                 hundred
                 thousand
                 bushels
                 of
                 Chesnuts
                 ,
                 and
                 when
                 least
                 50.
                 thousand
                 .
                 It
                 also
                 produceth
                 Men
                 disposed
                 to
                 Letters
                 ,
                 Arms
                 ,
                 and
                 Merchandize
                 ,
                 
                 it
                 stands
                 in
                 the
                 midst
                 of
                 the
                 Apenine
                 Hills
                 being
                 surrounded
                 with
                 them
                 ,
                 and
                 hath
                 23.
                 
                 Towns
                 under
                 it
                 .
                 More
                 forward
                 is
                 Pentremoli
                 a
                 fayr
                 Town
                 ,
                 twelve
                 miles
                 further
                 is
                 the
                 strong
                 Fort
                 called
                 
                   la
                   val
                   di
                   Mugello
                
                 ,
                 then
                 Bardo
                 and
                 Campiano
                 ,
                 where
                 the
                 River
                 Taro
                 takes
                 its
                 source
                 ,
                 and
                 passeth
                 at
                 three
                 miles
                 distance
                 by
                 Borgo
                 .
                 
              
               
                 Travaling
                 on
                 the
                 
                   Via
                   Emilia
                
                 ,
                 from
                 Parma
                 ,
                 at
                 the
                 foot
                 of
                 the
                 Apenines
                 ,
                 appears
                 the
                 Town
                 and
                 Castle
                 Chiar●…golo
                 ,
                 whereof
                 the
                 illustrious
                 Family
                 of
                 the
                 Torelli
                 hold
                 the
                 Government
                 ,
                 then
                 in
                 the
                 plain
                 Country
                 Montechio
                 ,
                 and
                 
                   San
                   Ilario
                
                 ,
                 seated
                 on
                 the
                 banks
                 of
                 the
                 River
                 Lenza
                 ,
                 over
                 which
                 the
                 Countess
                 Matilda
                 ,
                 with
                 great
                 expence
                 ,
                 built
                 a
                 Bridge
                 of
                 burnt
                 Brick
                 ,
                 then
                 keeping
                 the
                 Emilian
                 Way
                 for
                 15.
                 miles
                 you
                 arive
                 at
                 Reggio
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 REGGIO
                 .
              
               
                 THis
                 City
                 is
                 built
                 on
                 the
                 
                   Via
                   Emilia
                
                 ,
                 and
                 named
                 
                   Regium
                   Lepidi
                
                 ,
                 by
                 
                   Strabo
                   ,
                   ●…icero
                   ,
                   Cornelius
                   Tacitus
                
                 and
                 other
                 writers
                 :
                 By
                 whom
                 it
                 was
                 built
                 ,
                 is
                 not
                 certainly
                 known
                 ,
                 many
                 contending
                 that
                 
                   Marius
                   Lepidus
                
                 one
                 of
                 the
                 Triumvirate
                 ,
                 (
                 who
                 divided
                 the
                 Roman
                 Empire
                 )
                 was
                 its
                 first
                 sounder
                 ,
                 others
                 that
                 it
                 was
                 built
                 long
                 before
                 his
                 time
                 ,
                 but
                 by
                 him
                 made
                 a
                 Colony
                 .
              
               
                 This
                 City
                 being
                 destroyed
                 by
                 the
                 Goths
                 ,
                 under
                 Alarico
                 their
                 King
                 ,
                 Its
                 Citizens
                 were
                 constrayned
                 to
                 abandon
                 it
                 ,
                 and
                 fly
                 to
                 more
                 secure
                 places
                 ,
                 till
                 the
                 Longobardi
                 were
                 overcome
                 and
                 driven
                 out
                 of
                 Italy
                 by
                 Charls
                 the
                 Great
                 ,
                 when
                 the
                 Citizens
                 returning
                 by
                 degrees
                 to
                 their
                 desolate
                 City
                 ,
                 began
                 to
                 restore
                 it
                 ,
                 and
                 immure
                 it
                 with
                 a
                 strong
                 Wall.
                 It
                 was
                 governed
                 by
                 it self
                 for
                 some
                 time
                 in
                 liberty
                 after
                 the
                 manner
                 of
                 the
                 other
                 Cities
                 of
                 Italy
                 ,
                 then
                 t
                 was
                 governed
                 by
                 others
                 ,
                 till
                 it
                 delivered
                 it self
                 into
                 the
                 hands
                 of
                 the
                 Marquess
                 of
                 
                   Este
                   ▪
                
              
               
                 T
                 is
                 a
                 noble
                 City
                 ,
                 well
                 peopled
                 ,
                 and
                 abounding
                 with
                 all
                 things
                 ,
                 although
                 the
                 ayr
                 is
                 not
                 very
                 good
                 .
                 It
                 hath
                 fair
                 and
                 large
                 streets
                 with
                 sum
                 ptuous
                 Structures
                 ,
                 as
                 the
                 magnificent
                 Church
                 of
                 
                   S.
                   Prospero
                
                 ,
                 Bishop
                 of
                 this
                 City
                 ,
                 where
                 his
                 Corps
                 are
                 devoutly
                 kept
                 ,
                 which
                 hath
                 a
                 plentifull
                 revenue
                 ,
                 and
                 is
                 adorned
                 with
                 excellent
                 Pictures
                 ,
                 but
                 particularly
                 with
                 some
                 drawn
                 by
                 Coreggio
                 ,
                 worthy
                 of
                 eternal
                 memory
                 :
                 In
                 the
                 Walls
                 of
                 the
                 Orchard
                 of
                 the
                 
                   R.
                   R.
                   P.
                   P.
                   de
                   servi
                   ,
                
                 was
                 lately
                 discovered
                 an
                 Image
                 of
                 the
                 holy
                 Virgin
                 ,
                 where
                 God
                 doth
                 many
                 favours
                 to
                 such
                 have
                 recourse
                 unto
                 him
                 through
                 her
                 merits
                 .
                 The
                 City
                 contains
                 many
                 noble
                 Families
                 ,
                 as
                 the
                 
                   Canossi
                   ,
                   Manfredi
                   ,
                   Fogliani
                
                 ,
                 and
                 Sessi
                 ,
                 who
                 possess
                 great
                 Lordships
                 and
                 Castles
                 .
              
               
                 Near
                 unto
                 Reggio
                 ,
                 stand
                 certain
                 Hills
                 ,
                 who
                 are
                 no
                 less
                 beautifyed
                 with
                 Towns
                 and
                 Villages
                 than
                 delicate
                 Vines
                 and
                 fruit
                 Trees
                 .
                 Towards
                 Parma
                 one
                 sees
                 the
                 Castle
                 (
                 strengthned
                 by
                 its
                 site
                 )
                 where
                 Matilda
                 the
                 Countess
                 preserved
                 Pope
                 Gregory
                 the
                 seventh
                 ,
                 from
                 the
                 snares
                 of
                 the
                 Emperor
                 Henry
                 the
                 fourth
                 Enemy
                 of
                 the
                 Roman
                 Church
                 ,
                 who
                 afterwards
                 repenting
                 himself
                 for
                 that
                 his
                 crime
                 ,
                 from
                 thence
                 went
                 on
                 his
                 naked
                 feet
                 and
                 with
                 his
                 b●…re
                 Head
                 in
                 the
                 midst
                 of
                 Winter
                 through
                 Ice
                 and
                 Snow
                 to
                 the
                 said
                 Pope
                 ,
                 to
                 obtain
                 pardon
                 for
                 his
                 offence
                 ,
                 whom
                 his
                 Holness
                 courteously
                 received
                 and
                 pardoned
                 ,
                 a
                 remarkable
                 instance
                 of
                 what
                 power
                 that
                 Dignity
                 heretofore
                 was
                 .
                 At
                 this
                 day
                 the
                 most
                 noble
                 Family
                 of
                 Canossa
                 are
                 Masters
                 of
                 this
                 Castle
                 and
                 the
                 others
                 surrounding
                 it
                 ,
                 from
                 which
                 a
                 little
                 distance
                 stands
                 
                 the
                 Castles
                 and
                 other
                 places
                 of
                 the
                 
                   Signori
                   Monfredo
                
                 .
              
               
                 Keeping
                 the
                 way
                 of
                 the
                 Mountains
                 ,
                 you
                 arrive
                 at
                 the
                 Countrey
                 of
                 Groffignana
                 ,
                 where
                 stands
                 Castle
                 Novo
                 ,
                 which
                 hath
                 formerly
                 given
                 birth
                 to
                 many
                 illustrious
                 persons
                 ,
                 and
                 in
                 our
                 days
                 to
                 
                   Giulio
                   Urbano
                
                 Doctor
                 and
                 Apostolick
                 Prothonotary
                 ,
                 who
                 for
                 his
                 excellent
                 doctrine
                 was
                 much
                 esteemed
                 by
                 the
                 Princes
                 ,
                 and
                 Cardinals
                 of
                 the
                 Court
                 of
                 Rome
                 ,
                 who
                 after
                 he
                 had
                 long
                 exercised
                 the
                 Office
                 of
                 Vicar
                 General
                 for
                 Cardinal
                 
                   Luiga
                   Cornaro
                
                 Bishop
                 of
                 Padoua
                 ,
                 with
                 grear
                 praise
                 in
                 that
                 quality
                 ,
                 deceased
                 in
                 the
                 yeer
                 1592.
                 leaving
                 an
                 excellent
                 example
                 to
                 all
                 mortals
                 .
                 Whose
                 Brother
                 Urban
                 ,
                 gave
                 no
                 less
                 splendour
                 to
                 his
                 Country
                 ,
                 being
                 Captain
                 of
                 the
                 Militia
                 for
                 the
                 Venetians
                 .
                 At
                 present
                 lives
                 
                   Filippo
                   Urbano
                
                 ,
                 their
                 worthy
                 Nephew
                 ,
                 a
                 Canon
                 of
                 the
                 Domo
                 or
                 Cathedral
                 Church
                 of
                 Padoua
                 .
              
               
                 Returning
                 to
                 the
                 
                   Via
                   Emilia
                
                 you
                 meet
                 the
                 Castle
                 Scandiano
                 ,
                 honoured
                 with
                 the
                 title
                 of
                 a
                 Marquesate
                 ,
                 subject
                 to
                 the
                 
                   Signori
                   Tieni
                
                 ,
                 noble
                 Vicentines
                 ,
                 on
                 the
                 left
                 hand
                 lies
                 the
                 Castle
                 Roldo
                 ,
                 belonging
                 to
                 the
                 Family
                 Sessi
                 a
                 feudatorie
                 of
                 the
                 Emperour
                 ,
                 Saint
                 
                   Martino
                   ,
                   Gonzaga
                
                 ,
                 and
                 Nuvilara
                 .
              
               
                 Between
                 Modena
                 and
                 Reggio
                 ,
                 near
                 the
                 River
                 Lenza
                 ,
                 stands
                 Correggio
                 ,
                 a
                 well-governed
                 and
                 honourable
                 Castle
                 ,
                 and
                 well
                 peopled
                 ,
                 it
                 was
                 created
                 a
                 City
                 by
                 the
                 Empire
                 ,
                 and
                 appertains
                 to
                 the
                 most
                 illustrious
                 Family
                 Correggio
                 ,
                 formerly
                 great
                 in
                 Padova
                 ,
                 and
                 called
                 Giberto
                 ,
                 from
                 which
                 heretofore
                 issued
                 a
                 Cardinal
                 ,
                 at
                 this
                 time
                 
                   Girolamo
                   Bernero
                
                 ,
                 of
                 the
                 preaching
                 Order
                 gives
                 great
                 honour
                 to
                 this
                 Country
                 ,
                 who
                 was
                 assumed
                 to
                 a
                 Cardinalship
                 by
                 
                   Sisto
                   Quinto
                
                 ,
                 High
                 Bishop
                 ,
                 for
                 his
                 incomparable
                 virtue
                 and
                 goodness
                 of
                 Life
                 ,
                 who
                 continues
                 a
                 prudent
                 lover
                 of
                 the
                 virtuous
                 ,
                 and
                 a
                 great
                 Zealot
                 for
                 the
                 Christian
                 Religion
                 .
                 Then
                 where
                 the
                 River
                 Lecchia
                 cuts
                 in
                 sunder
                 the
                 Emilian
                 way
                 ,
                 stands
                 the
                 ssrong
                 Castle
                 Rubiera
                 ,
                 with
                 a
                 well-made
                 Bulwark
                 ,
                 enviroroned
                 with
                 Hills
                 ,
                 whence
                 travailing
                 in
                 a
                 large
                 Road
                 ,
                 you
                 arive
                 at
                 Modena
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 MODENA
                 .
              
               
                 THis
                 noble
                 City
                 was
                 reduced
                 into
                 a
                 Colony
                 of
                 the
                 Romans
                 together
                 with
                 Parma
                 ,
                 in
                 the
                 570th
                 .
                 yeer
                 after
                 the
                 building
                 of
                 Rome
                 ,
                 as
                 Livy
                 and
                 other
                 Historians
                 write
                 ,
                 who
                 in
                 several
                 places
                 make
                 thereof
                 honourable
                 mention
                 ,
                 which
                 testifies
                 that
                 in
                 that
                 time
                 it
                 was
                 rich
                 and
                 powerfull
                 ,
                 and
                 this
                 is
                 also
                 confirmed
                 by
                 the
                 many
                 inscriptions
                 and
                 antient
                 Marbles
                 which
                 are
                 extant
                 up
                 and
                 down
                 the
                 same
                 .
                 It
                 was
                 enough
                 illustrated
                 by
                 that
                 notable
                 battel
                 which
                 was
                 fought
                 near
                 it
                 ,
                 when
                 Hirtio
                 and
                 Pansa
                 were
                 Consuls
                 of
                 Rome
                 ,
                 the
                 consequence
                 whereof
                 was
                 the
                 Loss
                 of
                 the
                 Senates
                 authority
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 peoples
                 liberty
                 ,
                 for
                 then
                 
                   Mar.
                   Antonius
                
                 besieged
                 Brutus
                 in
                 this
                 City
                 ,
                 who
                 by
                 the
                 assistance
                 of
                 
                   C.
                   Octavins
                   Caesar
                
                 ,
                 obtained
                 the
                 victory
                 against
                 the
                 said
                 Antonius
                 .
                 Afterwards
                 it
                 suffered
                 many
                 ruines
                 from
                 the
                 Barbarous
                 ,
                 as
                 Saint
                 Ambross
                 mentions
                 ,
                 that
                 he
                 saw
                 it
                 with
                 the
                 other
                 adjacent
                 Places
                 upon
                 the
                 
                   Via
                   Emilia
                
                 ,
                 thrown
                 down
                 and
                 derstoyed
                 .
                 It
                 was
                 layed
                 waste
                 by
                 the
                 Goths
                 ,
                 and
                 Longobards
                 ,
                 who
                 afterwards
                 being
                 driven
                 out
                 by
                 the
                 Emperor
                 Charls
                 the
                 great
                 ,
                 and
                 he
                 having
                 established
                 his
                 Son
                 Pipin
                 King
                 of
                 Italy
                 ,
                 the
                 Sons
                 of
                 the
                 Citizens
                 of
                 Modena
                 assembled
                 themselves
                 together
                 from
                 their
                 secure
                 retirements
                 ,
                 and
                 took
                 counsel
                 how
                 
                 to
                 rebuild
                 this
                 City
                 ,
                 which
                 in
                 process
                 of
                 time
                 they
                 effected
                 as
                 is
                 now
                 seen
                 ,
                 somewhat
                 distant
                 from
                 the
                 antient
                 Modena
                 ,
                 as
                 Leandro
                 more
                 at
                 large
                 discourseth
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 City
                 is
                 small
                 ,
                 of
                 an
                 orbicular
                 form
                 ,
                 &
                 seated
                 in
                 a
                 plain
                 abounding
                 with
                 fruits
                 ,
                 and
                 delicate
                 Wines
                 .
                 The
                 Dukes
                 of
                 
                   Estè
                   ,
                   Alfonso
                
                 the
                 second
                 greatly
                 amplified
                 this
                 City
                 ,
                 and
                 raised
                 fair
                 edifices
                 .
                 In
                 the
                 domo
                 they
                 devoutly
                 preserve
                 rhe
                 bones
                 of
                 
                   S.
                   Giminiano
                
                 ,
                 its
                 Bishop
                 ,
                 for
                 whose
                 merits
                 God
                 delivered
                 many
                 possessed
                 with
                 Devils
                 .
                 T
                 is
                 full
                 of
                 noble
                 and
                 ingenuous
                 People
                 ,
                 whence
                 not
                 only
                 many
                 famous
                 Captains
                 ,
                 Counts
                 and
                 Marqueses
                 ,
                 have
                 proceeded
                 ,
                 but
                 also
                 many
                 Cardinals
                 ,
                 Bishops
                 ,
                 and
                 other
                 prelates
                 ,
                 with
                 most
                 learned
                 men
                 ,
                 of
                 whom
                 are
                 Sadoleto
                 and
                 Segonio
                 ,
                 whose
                 works
                 are
                 of
                 note
                 to
                 all
                 .
                 It
                 continued
                 a
                 long
                 time
                 in
                 liberty
                 ,
                 as
                 did
                 the
                 other
                 Cities
                 of
                 Lumbardy
                 ,
                 but
                 is
                 at
                 present
                 subject
                 to
                 the
                 Dukes
                 of
                 Estè
                 ,
                 who
                 by
                 their
                 constant
                 residence
                 much
                 ennoble
                 and
                 enrich
                 it
                 ,
                 they
                 here
                 Make
                 Vizards
                 and
                 Targets
                 ,
                 much
                 esteemed
                 through
                 Italy
                 .
              
               
                 Forth
                 of
                 Modena
                 towards
                 the
                 South
                 under
                 the
                 Appenines
                 stands
                 
                   Formegine
                   ,
                   Spezzano
                
                 ,
                 and
                 ten
                 miles
                 off
                 it
                 ,
                 Sassulo
                 ,
                 a
                 noble
                 and
                 civil
                 Castle
                 ,
                 with
                 a
                 sumptuous
                 Palace
                 of
                 the
                 Family
                 of
                 Pia
                 ,
                 washed
                 by
                 the
                 River
                 Secchia
                 ,
                 where
                 stands
                 a
                 fair
                 Church
                 dedicated
                 to
                 the
                 blessed
                 Virgine
                 ,
                 whither
                 resort
                 infinite
                 People
                 to
                 obtain
                 Graces
                 .
                 Upon
                 the
                 said
                 Mountain
                 are
                 many
                 other
                 Villages
                 and
                 Hamlets
                 ,
                 which
                 also
                 may
                 be
                 seen
                 on
                 that
                 part
                 of
                 Modena
                 towards
                 the
                 East
                 .
              
               
                 These
                 Castles
                 heretofore
                 subject
                 to
                 several
                 Lords
                 ,
                 and
                 particularly
                 to
                 them
                 of
                 Monte
                 ,
                 who
                 were
                 then
                 very
                 potent
                 in
                 these
                 Countreys
                 ,
                 and
                 possessed
                 all
                 the
                 placs
                 in
                 the
                 Graffignana
                 ,
                 which
                 confines
                 with
                 Bologna
                 ,
                 and
                 among
                 them
                 Sestola
                 ,
                 and
                 Fanano
                 .
                 Then
                 going
                 Westward
                 you
                 see
                 the
                 Alpes
                 of
                 
                   San
                   Pelligrino
                
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Castle
                 Aquario
                 famous
                 
                 for
                 its
                 Baths
                 .
                 After
                 turning
                 to
                 the
                 South
                 ,
                 by
                 these
                 Mountains
                 runs
                 the
                 Tyrrehene
                 Sea
                 ;
                 somewhat
                 further
                 near
                 Bologna
                 ,
                 on
                 the
                 Banks
                 of
                 the
                 River
                 Panaro
                 ,
                 appears
                 Castle
                 Vetro
                 ,
                 and
                 Spilimberto
                 ,
                 of
                 the
                 
                   Signori
                   Rangori
                
                 ,
                 whence
                 four
                 miles
                 you
                 finde
                 Vignola
                 a
                 Town
                 honoured
                 
                 with
                 a
                 Marquisate
                 ,
                 subject
                 to
                 the
                 
                   Signori
                   Boncompagio
                
                 ,
                 which
                 Town
                 confines
                 with
                 the
                 Bolognian
                 territories
                 .
              
               
                 Towards
                 the
                 North
                 is
                 seated
                 Correggio
                 ,
                 at
                 12.
                 miles
                 distance
                 ,
                 thence
                 and
                 somewhat
                 further
                 the
                 most
                 noble
                 Castle
                 or
                 rather
                 Imperial
                 City
                 Carpi
                 ,
                 which
                 may
                 very
                 well
                 be
                 paralleld
                 to
                 many
                 Cities
                 ,
                 both
                 
                 for
                 the
                 great
                 and
                 ingenuous
                 People
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 superfluity
                 of
                 all
                 things
                 necessary
                 .
                 It
                 hath
                 the
                 title
                 of
                 a
                 Principality
                 ,
                 and
                 was
                 a
                 long
                 time
                 enjoyed
                 by
                 the
                 
                   Signori
                   Pii
                
                 ,
                 but
                 is
                 at
                 present
                 By
                 the
                 Duke
                 of
                 Modena
                 .
              
               
                 On
                 the
                 Eastern
                 part
                 of
                 Modena
                 ,
                 is
                 a
                 Chanel
                 upon
                 which
                 you
                 may
                 be
                 conveied
                 eight
                 miles
                 by
                 Boat
                 ,
                 unto
                 Finale
                 ,
                 then
                 passing
                 on
                 the
                 Panaro
                 ,
                 and
                 entring
                 the
                 Poe
                 ,
                 they
                 go
                 to
                 Terrara
                 ,
                 upon
                 the
                 River
                 Pinaro
                 ,
                 
                 where
                 the
                 Chanel
                 runs
                 into
                 it
                 ,
                 stand
                 
                   Bon
                   Porto
                
                 ,
                 and
                 
                   San
                   Felice
                
                 ,
                 praised
                 for
                 good
                 Wines
                 .
              
               
                 Along
                 the
                 
                   Via
                   Emilia
                
                 ,
                 3
                 miles
                 distant
                 from
                 Modena
                 ,
                 passeth
                 the
                 River
                 Panaro
                 ,
                 near
                 which
                 are
                 the
                 confines
                 between
                 the
                 Modonesi
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Bolognesi
                 ,
                 in
                 which
                 place
                 Claudius
                 the
                 Consul
                 copeing
                 with
                 the
                 Enemies
                 ,
                 took
                 15000.
                 
                 Prisoners
                 ,
                 and
                 700.
                 
                 Liguri
                 ,
                 moreover
                 in
                 the
                 same
                 place
                 Rotari
                 King
                 of
                 the
                 Longobardi
                 ,
                 routed
                 the
                 Roman
                 Army
                 ,
                 and
                 slew
                 seven
                 thousand
                 of
                 them
                 .
              
               
               
                 There
                 also
                 the
                 Army
                 of
                 the
                 Modonesi
                 being
                 discomfited
                 by
                 the
                 
                   Bolognesi
                   ,
                   Enzo
                
                 King
                 of
                 Sardegna
                 ,
                 Son
                 of
                 Frderick
                 the
                 second
                 ,
                 was
                 taken
                 Prisoner
                 .
                 On
                 the
                 other
                 side
                 of
                 the
                 Panaro
                 ,
                 is
                 Novantola
                 ,
                 with
                 
                 an
                 antient
                 and
                 noble
                 Monastery
                 founded
                 by
                 Anselino
                 ,
                 Kinsman
                 of
                 Astolfo
                 King
                 of
                 the
                 Longobards
                 ,
                 having
                 been
                 a
                 worthy
                 Captain
                 in
                 their
                 Army
                 ,
                 and
                 there
                 quitting
                 this
                 World
                 ,
                 created
                 himself
                 Captain
                 of
                 a
                 thousand
                 Monkes
                 ,
                 endowing
                 the
                 place
                 with
                 store
                 of
                 Goods
                 and
                 Revenues
                 ,
                 about
                 the
                 yeer
                 of
                 our
                 Salvation
                 780.
                 
                 It
                 was
                 afterwards
                 restored
                 by
                 the
                 Countess
                 Matilda
                 ,
                 and
                 is
                 inhabited
                 by
                 many
                 Monks
                 ,
                 who
                 have
                 Jurisdiction
                 as
                 far
                 as
                 Spain
                 ,
                 wherein
                 are
                 kept
                 the
                 body
                 of
                 Saint
                 Adrian
                 the
                 Pope
                 ,
                 and
                 some
                 part
                 of
                 S.
                 Silvester
                 ,
                 with
                 many
                 othet
                 Reliques
                 ,
                 and
                 some
                 antient
                 Books
                 ,
                 particularly
                 the
                 Breviary
                 of
                 the
                 said
                 Matilda
                 .
              
               
                 Near
                 the
                 
                   Via
                   Emilia
                
                 ,
                 between
                 Bologna
                 and
                 Novantola
                 ,
                 stands
                 
                   S.
                   Agata
                
                 ,
                 
                 a
                 Castle
                 built
                 be
                 Barbarossa
                 the
                 Emperor
                 ,
                 and
                 Crevalcore
                 formerly
                 called
                 
                   All●…gra
                   Cuore
                
                 where
                 twice
                 the
                 Armies
                 of
                 
                   Bernabo
                   Visconte
                
                 Lord
                 of
                 Milan
                 ,
                 were
                 overthrown
                 .
                 Then
                 one
                 comes
                 to
                 
                   San
                   Giovanni
                
                 ,
                 a
                 Countrey
                 yeelding
                 Wheat
                 and
                 other
                 Grains
                 .
                 On
                 the
                 left
                 side
                 of
                 the
                 Emilian
                 Way
                 ,
                 are
                 seen
                 Castiglione
                 ,
                 and
                 
                   Casile
                   Franco
                
                 ,
                 15.
                 miles
                 from
                 Bologna
                 ,
                 in
                 which
                 Territory
                 was
                 lately
                 raised
                 an
                 inexpugnable
                 Fort
                 ,
                 by
                 Pope
                 Urban
                 the
                 8th
                 .
                 from
                 whose
                 name
                 t
                 is
                 denominated
                 Urbano
                 .
                 Near
                 which
                 is
                 the
                 
                   Foro
                   de
                   Galli
                
                 ,
                 where
                 Irtio
                 and
                 Pansa
                 ,
                 the
                 Roman
                 Consuls
                 fighting
                 with
                 
                   M.
                   Antonius
                
                 ,
                 obtained
                 a
                 glorious
                 Victory
                 ,
                 but
                 with
                 it
                 their
                 mortal
                 wounds
                 whereof
                 they
                 both
                 dyed
                 in
                 the
                 same
                 place
                 :
                 Then
                 appear
                 
                   Piumanio
                   ,
                   Bazano
                
                 ,
                 and
                 Crepellano
                 ,
                 pleasant
                 Castles
                 ,
                 seated
                 on
                 those
                 little
                 Hills
                 ,
                 at
                 the
                 Feet
                 of
                 the
                 Apenines
                 .
              
               
                 On
                 the
                 left
                 side
                 of
                 the
                 Emilian
                 Way
                 five
                 miles
                 distant
                 from
                 Bologna
                 ,
                 is
                 the
                 River
                 Lavino
                 ,
                 and
                 Ghironda
                 ,
                 which
                 joyning
                 togeher
                 encompass
                 Forcelli
                 ,
                 in
                 a
                 triangular
                 form
                 at
                 one
                 miles
                 distant
                 from
                 the
                 Via
                 
                 Emilia
                 ,
                 where
                 
                   Octavianus
                   ,
                   Marcus
                   Antonius
                
                 ,
                 and
                 
                   Marcus
                   Lepidus
                
                 ,
                 parted
                 the
                 Monarchy
                 between
                 themselves
                 ,
                 which
                 Forcelli
                 seems
                 now
                 a
                 Peninsula
                 ,
                 though
                 it
                 may
                 be
                 perceived
                 to
                 have
                 been
                 an
                 Island
                 ;
                 afterwards
                 these
                 two
                 Rivers
                 throw
                 themselves
                 into
                 the
                 Poe
                 :
                 About
                 a
                 mile
                 before
                 you
                 arrive
                 at
                 Bologna
                 ,
                 there
                 is
                 a
                 very
                 long
                 Bridge
                 ,
                 built
                 of
                 Stone
                 ,
                 which
                 reacheth
                 from
                 the
                 one
                 side
                 of
                 the
                 River
                 to
                 the
                 other
                 whence
                 to
                 Bologna
                 is
                 an
                 easiy
                 mile
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 
                   BOLOGNA
                   la
                   Grassa
                
                 or
                 BOLONIA
                 the
                 Fatt
                 .
              
               
                 BOlogna
                 was
                 antiently
                 head
                 of
                 the
                 12.
                 
                 Cities
                 which
                 the
                 Tuscans
                 possessed
                 on
                 that
                 side
                 of
                 the
                 Apenines
                 ,
                 who
                 being
                 driven
                 out
                 by
                 the
                 French
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 French
                 by
                 rhe
                 Romans
                 ,
                 it
                 became
                 a
                 Colony
                 of
                 the
                 Romans
                 ,
                 who
                 sent
                 thither
                 3000.
                 men
                 to
                 inhabit
                 .
                 After
                 the
                 Romans
                 it
                 was
                 subjected
                 to
                 the
                 Graecians
                 ,
                 the
                 Longobards
                 ,
                 and
                 to
                 the
                 Esarcato
                 of
                 Ravenna
                 .
                 Afterwards
                 recovered
                 liberty
                 like
                 the
                 other
                 Cities
                 of
                 Lumbardi
                 ,
                 at
                 which
                 time
                 the
                 wicked
                 factions
                 of
                 the
                 Lambertazzi
                 ,
                 and
                 Geremei
                 arose
                 ,
                 and
                 reduced
                 it
                 to
                 great
                 misery
                 and
                 servitude
                 ,
                 which
                 their
                 sufferings
                 caused
                 them
                 to
                 recommend
                 themselvs
                 to
                 the
                 Roman
                 chief
                 Bishop
                 .
                 Afterwards
                 to
                 the
                 
                   Pepoli
                   ,
                   Visconti
                   ,
                   Bentivogli
                
                 ,
                 and
                 finally
                 it
                 wholly
                 put
                 it self
                 under
                 the
                 wings
                 of
                 the
                 Pope
                 ,
                 who
                 now
                 enjoys
                 it
                 with
                 peace
                 .
              
               
                 It
                 is
                 situated
                 at
                 the
                 Foot
                 of
                 the
                 Apenines
                 in
                 the
                 midst
                 of
                 the
                 
                   Via
                   Emilia
                
                 ,
                 
                 placed
                 according
                 to
                 ●…tolomeo
                 in
                 the
                 6th
                 .
                 Climate
                 ,
                 at
                 33.
                 degrees
                 and
                 a
                 half
                 ,
                 having
                 the
                 said
                 Apenines
                 on
                 the
                 South
                 ,
                 the
                 
                   Via
                   Emilia
                
                 or
                 Roman
                 Way
                 ,
                 on
                 the
                 East
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 pleasant
                 and
                 fertile
                 Campagna
                 leading
                 to
                 Ferrara
                 ,
                 and
                 Venetia
                 on
                 the
                 North
                 ;
                 At
                 its
                 beginning
                 t
                 was
                 formed
                 a
                 small
                 City
                 ,
                 according
                 to
                 the
                 accustomed
                 manner
                 of
                 the
                 Ancients
                 ,
                 with
                 two
                 only
                 Gates
                 ,
                 the
                 one
                 towards
                 Rome
                 ,
                 the
                 other
                 towards
                 Lumbardi
                 .
                 Afterwards
                 in
                 the
                 time
                 of
                 Gratian
                 the
                 Emperour
                 ,
                 they
                 adjoyned
                 two
                 other
                 Gates
                 ,
                 and
                 at
                 the
                 restauration
                 ,
                 which
                 
                   San
                   Petronio
                
                 made
                 (
                 after
                 the
                 destruction
                 by
                 Theodosius
                 )
                 they
                 made
                 9.
                 
                 Gates
                 ,
                 as
                 some
                 say
                 ,
                 12.
                 as
                 others
                 ,
                 where
                 now
                 are
                 extant
                 certain
                 little
                 Turrets
                 called
                 Turrosetti
                 :
                 At
                 last
                 enlarged
                 as
                 at
                 this
                 day
                 ,
                 the
                 said
                 Gates
                 were
                 made
                 twelve
                 ,
                 and
                 was
                 so
                 much
                 encreased
                 ,
                 that
                 certain
                 yeerspast
                 being
                 measured
                 within
                 the
                 Walls
                 ,
                 Its
                 circuit
                 was
                 found
                 to
                 be
                 5.
                 miles
                 in
                 length
                 two
                 miles
                 want
                 a
                 quarter
                 ,
                 and
                 in
                 bredth
                 one
                 mile
                 ,
                 from
                 the
                 Port
                 
                   S.
                   Mammola
                
                 ,
                 to
                 the
                 Port
                 Galliera
                 .
              
               
                 It
                 is
                 formed
                 in
                 the
                 similitude
                 of
                 a
                 Ship
                 ,
                 more
                 long
                 tha●…broad
                 ,
                 at
                 one
                 side
                 shewing
                 the
                 figure
                 of
                 a
                 Prow
                 ,
                 and
                 at
                 the
                 other
                 that
                 of
                 a
                 Poop
                 having
                 in
                 the
                 midst
                 the
                 most
                 high
                 Tower
                 Asinelli
                 ,
                 which
                 represents
                 the
                 main
                 Mast
                 ,
                 the
                 Tower
                 Garisenna
                 the
                 Scale
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 other
                 small
                 Towers
                 ,
                 the
                 Shrouds
                 to
                 the
                 eye
                 of
                 the
                 beholder
                 .
                 Within
                 it
                 is
                 no
                 manner
                 of
                 fortification
                 ,
                 the
                 Citizens
                 having
                 cast
                 down
                 those
                 that
                 were
                 ,
                 who
                 confiding
                 in
                 their
                 own
                 valour
                 and
                 prudence
                 ,
                 content
                 themselves
                 with
                 a
                 single
                 Brick-Wall
                 ,
                 which
                 encompasses
                 it
                 ;
                 near
                 it
                 runs
                 the
                 River
                 Savona
                 ,
                 and
                 through
                 it
                 the
                 Reno
                 ,
                 which
                 serves
                 for
                 transportation
                 of
                 Merchandiz
                 from
                 Ferrara
                 .
              
               
                 That
                 Bologna
                 abounds
                 with
                 all
                 things
                 is
                 known
                 to
                 all
                 ,
                 whereby
                 they
                 give
                 it
                 the
                 stile
                 of
                 Fatt
                 :
                 Its
                 Fields
                 are
                 fair
                 and
                 large
                 ,
                 producing
                 all
                 sorts
                 of
                 Corn
                 ,
                 and
                 Wines
                 of
                 the
                 best
                 sorts
                 in
                 Italy
                 ,
                 with
                 all
                 kinds
                 of
                 Fruits
                 ,
                 particularly
                 Olives
                 ,
                 so
                 bigg
                 and
                 sweet
                 ,
                 that
                 they
                 give
                 not
                 place
                 to
                 them
                 of
                 Spain
                 ;
                 it
                 hath
                 also
                 Woods
                 for
                 Foul
                 ,
                 and
                 Beasts
                 of
                 Chase
                 ,
                 and
                 notwithstanding
                 there
                 be
                 few
                 Lakes
                 ,
                 yet
                 t
                 is
                 plentisully
                 served
                 with
                 fish
                 from
                 Comacchio
                 and
                 Argenta
                 .
              
               
                 Here
                 (
                 to
                 maintain
                 their
                 Epithite
                 of
                 
                   Bologna
                   la
                   grassa
                
                 )
                 they
                 make
                 those
                 famous
                 Salsages
                 ,
                 which
                 for
                 their
                 excellency
                 are
                 esteemed
                 a
                 costly
                 dish
                 through
                 the
                 World
                 ,
                 as
                 also
                 a
                 Conserve
                 of
                 Quince
                 and
                 Sugar
                 called
                 gelo
                 or
                 gelly
                 ,
                 fit
                 for
                 the
                 Table
                 of
                 a
                 Prince
                 .
                 They
                 here
                 also
                 work
                 with
                 great
                 Art
                 ,
                 Sheaths
                 for
                 Knives
                 of
                 boyled
                 Leather
                 ,
                 and
                 fair
                 Harquebuses
                 ,
                 and
                 Flacks
                 or
                 Bottels
                 .
                 They
                 have
                 great
                 numbers
                 of
                 Silk-Worms
                 ,
                 from
                 whose
                 labour
                 they
                 extract
                 quantity
                 of
                 Silk
                 ,
                 whereof
                 they
                 make
                 Sarcenet
                 ,
                 Velvet
                 ,
                 and
                 other
                 Silks
                 ,
                 in
                 such
                 plenty
                 ,
                 as
                 that
                 they
                 not
                 only
                 supply
                 all
                 Italy
                 therewith
                 ,
                 but
                 England
                 and
                 the
                 Low
                 Countreys
                 .
              
               
                 It
                 s
                 Territory
                 affords
                 many
                 Quarries
                 of
                 white
                 Stones
                 ,
                 and
                 great
                 store
                 of
                 Hemp
                 and
                 Flax
                 ,
                 some
                 minerals
                 of
                 Allum
                 ,
                 with
                 medicinal
                 Fountains
                 both
                 hot
                 and
                 cold
                 .
              
               
                 It
                 hath
                 but
                 one
                 Piazza
                 ,
                 which
                 yet
                 for
                 its
                 largeness
                 ,
                 may
                 be
                 said
                 to
                 be
                 three
                 conjoyned
                 ,
                 in
                 the
                 midst
                 whereof
                 stands
                 a
                 sumptuous
                 marble
                 Fountain
                 ,
                 whereon
                 stands
                 a
                 Brazen
                 Neptune
                 ,
                 made
                 by
                 
                   Giovanni
                   Bologna
                
                 ,
                 a
                 Flemish
                 Sculptor
                 ,
                 in
                 very
                 much
                 excellency
                 ,
                 whence
                 gusheth
                 a
                 most
                 clear
                 stream
                 of
                 Water
                 .
                 It
                 hath
                 a
                 general
                 uniformity
                 of
                 building
                 ,
                 having
                 straight
                 and
                 spatious
                 Streets
                 ,
                 and
                 on
                 each
                 side
                 of
                 them
                 before
                 the
                 Houses
                 Arches
                 ,
                 of
                 the
                 same
                 Structure
                 ,
                 where
                 the
                 
                 Citizens
                 recreate
                 themselves
                 without
                 fear
                 of
                 the
                 scorching
                 Sun
                 ,
                 or
                 the
                 dripping
                 Rains.
                 There
                 is
                 one
                 spatious
                 Garden
                 of
                 the
                 Poeti
                 ,
                 &
                 another
                 of
                 the
                 Paselli
                 .
                 Near
                 the
                 Church
                 of
                 S.
                 Giacomo
                 ,
                 where
                 now
                 appear
                 a
                 good
                 space
                 of
                 old
                 rinesu
                 ,
                 was
                 formerly
                 a
                 regal
                 Palace
                 of
                 the
                 Bentivogli
                 ,
                 (
                 while
                 they
                 were
                 Lords
                 of
                 Bolonia
                 )
                 whose
                 Majesty
                 and
                 Magnificence
                 is
                 treated
                 on
                 by
                 Beroaldo
                 .
              
               
                 T
                 is
                 adorned
                 with
                 superb
                 and
                 spatious
                 Edifices
                 ,
                 aswell
                 for
                 divine
                 worship
                 as
                 private
                 use
                 ;
                 Among
                 others
                 the
                 Popes
                 Palace
                 ,
                 over
                 the
                 gate
                 whereof
                 is
                 the
                 Statue
                 of
                 a
                 Pope
                 in
                 Brass
                 ,
                 and
                 that
                 of
                 the
                 
                   Campeg
                   gi
                
                 ,
                 (
                 where
                 in
                 the
                 time
                 of
                 
                   Giulio
                   Terzo
                
                 ,
                 the
                 Council
                 of
                 the
                 Pepoli
                 and
                 Malvezzi
                 met
                 )
                 are
                 of
                 such
                 grandure
                 ,
                 that
                 any
                 Prince
                 may
                 be
                 received
                 there
                 .
                 The
                 Palace
                 which
                 fronts
                 the
                 Church
                 
                   San
                   Petronio
                
                 ,
                 was
                 built
                 by
                 the
                 Bolonians
                 ,
                 for
                 a
                 prison
                 for
                 Enzo
                 King
                 of
                 Sardegna
                 ,
                 where
                 he
                 lived
                 ,
                 and
                 at
                 the
                 cost
                 of
                 the
                 publick
                 was
                 royally
                 entertained
                 for
                 twenty
                 yeers
                 ,
                 till
                 his
                 death
                 .
              
               
                 Furthermore
                 the
                 Citizens
                 Houses
                 are
                 beautified
                 with
                 Vests
                 and
                 other
                 things
                 ,
                 to
                 the
                 pride
                 of
                 any
                 others
                 of
                 Italy
                 ,
                 and
                 their
                 Sellars
                 so
                 deep
                 under
                 ground
                 that
                 they
                 apprehend
                 no
                 Earth-quake
                 ;
                 The
                 Tower
                 Asmelli
                 ,
                 so
                 named
                 from
                 the
                 founders
                 ,
                 and
                 Garisenda
                 so
                 called
                 from
                 its
                 pendency
                 downwards
                 ,
                 discover
                 the
                 great
                 ingenuity
                 of
                 the
                 Architector
                 .
              
               
                 It
                 s
                 principal
                 Temples
                 are
                 ,
                 that
                 of
                 
                   San
                   Pietro
                
                 the
                 seat
                 of
                 the
                 Bishop
                 ,
                 where
                 ly
                 many
                 Cardinals
                 ,
                 Bishops
                 ,
                 and
                 other
                 learned
                 Doctors
                 ,
                 with
                 many
                 Reliques
                 of
                 Saints
                 ,
                 Pictures
                 ,
                 Sculptures
                 ,
                 and
                 Ornaments
                 of
                 gold
                 and
                 Silver
                 of
                 high
                 valew
                 .
                 The
                 Domo
                 which
                 stands
                 on
                 the
                 Piazza
                 ,
                 dedicate
                 to
                 
                   San
                   Petronio
                
                 ,
                 Bishop
                 and
                 Protector
                 of
                 the
                 City
                 ,
                 is
                 so
                 great
                 and
                 magnificent
                 ,
                 that
                 few
                 Churches
                 are
                 equal
                 to
                 it
                 ;
                 here
                 Charls
                 the
                 5th
                 .
                 received
                 from
                 Pope
                 Clement
                 the
                 7th
                 .
                 the
                 Crown
                 of
                 the
                 Empire
                 :
                 The
                 Church
                 of
                 Saint
                 Francis
                 is
                 well
                 built
                 ,
                 where
                 Pope
                 Alexander
                 the
                 5th
                 .
                 a
                 Bolonian
                 lies
                 buried
                 ,
                 and
                 Odoffredo
                 and
                 Accursio
                 ,
                 two
                 great
                 Lights
                 of
                 the
                 Civil
                 Law
                 ;
                 then
                 the
                 magnificent
                 Monastery
                 of
                 
                   San
                   Salvidore
                
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 noble
                 and
                 rich
                 Nunnery
                 
                   del
                   Corpo
                   di
                   Christi
                
                 ,
                 where
                 lies
                 enterred
                 the
                 blessed
                 Catharine
                 ,
                 who
                 was
                 a
                 Nun
                 therein
                 ,
                 whose
                 nails
                 upon
                 the
                 hands
                 and
                 feet
                 grow
                 as
                 if
                 she
                 were
                 living
                 :
                 The
                 Church
                 of
                 
                   San
                   Giacomo
                
                 ,
                 with
                 its
                 Chapel
                 built
                 by
                 
                   Giovanni
                   secundo
                   Bentivoglio
                
                 ,
                 was
                 a
                 work
                 only
                 for
                 a
                 King
                 ,
                 wherein
                 lies
                 the
                 said
                 Bentivoglio
                 ,
                 with
                 many
                 of
                 his
                 descendants
                 ,
                 some
                 of
                 the
                 Malvezzi
                 ,
                 and
                 other
                 illustrious
                 persons
                 ,
                 with
                 many
                 Reliques
                 of
                 Saints
                 ,
                 guarded
                 in
                 a
                 rich
                 and
                 stately
                 Altar
                 by
                 Cardinal
                 Poggio
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Church
                 of
                 S.
                 Martin
                 ,
                 where
                 repose
                 the
                 bones
                 of
                 Beroaldo
                 and
                 
                   Alexandro
                   Achellini
                
                 the
                 Philosopher
                 .
                 The
                 Church
                 of
                 
                   San
                   Giovanni
                
                 ,
                 entombes
                 an
                 image
                 of
                 Cecilia
                 the
                 Virgin
                 Martyr
                 ,
                 painted
                 by
                 the
                 divine
                 Rafael
                 of
                 Urban
                 ,
                 the
                 ashes
                 of
                 the
                 blessed
                 Elena
                 ,
                 and
                 
                   Carlo
                   Raino
                
                 a
                 famous
                 Doctor
                 of
                 Laws
                 ,
                 four
                 of
                 these
                 Churches
                 Canons
                 have
                 been
                 Bishops
                 of
                 Bologna
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Church
                 of
                 Saint
                 Stephen
                 the
                 Proto-Martyr
                 ,
                 is
                 sumptuous
                 built
                 by
                 S.
                 Petronio
                 ,
                 where
                 among
                 other
                 Reliques
                 they
                 shew
                 the
                 Ashes
                 of
                 
                   S.
                   Vitale
                   ,
                   Agricola
                   &
                   Petronio
                   .
                
                 The
                 Church
                 of
                 Saint
                 Benedict
                 ,
                 encloseth
                 is
                 the
                 Body
                 of
                 
                   San
                   Proculo
                
                 the
                 Martyr
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Cel
                 wherein
                 Gratian
                 composed
                 his
                 Decretals
                 .
                 In
                 the
                 Church
                 of
                 Saint
                 Domenick
                 ,
                 in
                 whose
                 Quyer
                 is
                 rarely
                 effigiated
                 the
                 old
                 and
                 new
                 Testaments
                 ,
                 here
                 lies
                 Enzo
                 King
                 of
                 Sardegna
                 in
                 a
                 proud
                 Tombe
                 ,
                 and
                 many
                 famous
                 Doctors
                 of
                 
                 Civil
                 Laws
                 ,
                 and
                 Physick
                 ,
                 as
                 also
                 Tadeo
                 and
                 
                   Giacomo
                   Pepoli
                
                 ,
                 who
                 some
                 time
                 were
                 ●…ords
                 of
                 Bolonia
                 at
                 the
                 high
                 Altar
                 may
                 be
                 seen
                 many
                 Reliques
                 of
                 Saints
                 ,
                 of
                 which
                 are
                 the
                 body
                 of
                 
                   San
                   Domenick
                
                 ,
                 on
                 whose
                 Tomb
                 are
                 layed
                 more
                 than
                 300.
                 
                 Figures
                 of
                 Gold
                 and
                 Silver
                 ,
                 and
                 one
                 of
                 the
                 Thorns
                 of
                 the
                 Crown
                 of
                 our
                 Saviour
                 ,
                 with
                 the
                 Bible
                 writ
                 ten
                 by
                 the
                 hand
                 of
                 Esdras
                 ,
                 in
                 the
                 Hebrew
                 Tongue
                 ,
                 in
                 white
                 parchment
                 ;
                 here
                 reposes
                 also
                 the
                 Body
                 of
                 
                   San
                   Domenick
                
                 the
                 Patriark
                 ,
                 and
                 institutor
                 of
                 that
                 Order
                 ,
                 with
                 many
                 other
                 stately
                 Tombs
                 ,
                 Candlesticks
                 ,
                 Lamps
                 ,
                 Cenfers
                 ,
                 and
                 other
                 Ornaments
                 .
                 This
                 Church
                 hath
                 a
                 noble
                 Convent
                 ,
                 with
                 many
                 Cloysters
                 ,
                 and
                 Dormitories
                 for
                 the
                 Fryers
                 ,
                 aud
                 a
                 large
                 Refectory
                 excellently
                 painted
                 ,
                 and
                 one
                 of
                 the
                 largest
                 Cellars
                 of
                 Italy
                 ;
                 therein
                 is
                 likewise
                 a
                 Cemetory
                 wherein
                 to
                 bury
                 the
                 Fryers
                 .
                 And
                 an
                 excellent
                 Library
                 ,
                 scarce
                 any
                 equal
                 ,
                 none
                 better
                 to
                 be
                 found
                 ,
                 kept
                 and
                 encreased
                 dayly
                 by
                 the
                 Fathers
                 with
                 great
                 diligence
                 ,
                 and
                 here
                 sits
                 the
                 Inquisition
                 .
                 In
                 this
                 Convent
                 dwell
                 one
                 hundred
                 and
                 fifty
                 Religious
                 ,
                 and
                 here
                 they
                 keep
                 the
                 publique
                 Studies
                 of
                 the
                 Sciences
                 ,
                 which
                 hath
                 occasioned
                 principally
                 that
                 five
                 Popes
                 ,
                 many
                 Cardinals
                 ,
                 Bishops
                 ,
                 and
                 holy
                 Fathers
                 have
                 proceeded
                 hence
                 ,
                 among
                 which
                 were
                 
                   San
                   Pietro
                
                 the
                 Martyr
                 ,
                 
                   San
                   Ramundo
                   &
                   Egidir
                   Foscararni
                
                 Bishop
                 of
                 Modena
                 ,
                 who
                 behaved
                 himself
                 prudently
                 and
                 learnedly
                 at
                 the
                 Council
                 of
                 Trent
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 first
                 Bishop
                 of
                 Bologna
                 was
                 SanZama
                 ,
                 who
                 in
                 the
                 270th
                 .
                 yeer
                 after
                 Christ
                 first
                 preached
                 the
                 Faith
                 here
                 ,
                 Dionisius
                 being
                 then
                 Pope
                 ,
                 whom
                 71.
                 have
                 succeeded
                 of
                 good
                 Doctrine
                 and
                 holy
                 conversation
                 ,
                 of
                 whom
                 nine
                 are
                 Canonized
                 ,
                 and
                 two
                 held
                 for
                 Saints
                 .
              
               
                 Moreover
                 from
                 this
                 excellent
                 Country
                 have
                 Issued
                 6.
                 
                 Martyrs
                 ,
                 13.
                 
                 Confessors
                 ,
                 14.
                 
                 Men
                 Saints
                 ,
                 and
                 7.
                 
                 Women
                 .
                 It
                 hath
                 179.
                 
                 Churches
                 ,
                 that
                 is
                 33.
                 for
                 the
                 Company
                 of
                 Laicks
                 ,
                 3.
                 
                 Abbacies
                 ,
                 2.
                 
                 Prepositors
                 ,
                 2.
                 for
                 the
                 Regular
                 Priests
                 ,
                 24.
                 for
                 the
                 Fryers
                 ,
                 23.
                 
                 Monasteries
                 for
                 Nuns
                 ,
                 10.
                 
                 Hospitals
                 ,
                 5.
                 
                 Priorates
                 ,
                 2.
                 
                 Collegiate
                 Churches
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Do●…o
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 consecrate
                 to
                 Saint
                 Peter
                 ,
                 and
                 giveth
                 the
                 title
                 of
                 Prince
                 to
                 its
                 Bishop
                 ,
                 with
                 a
                 great
                 Revenew
                 ,
                 with
                 many
                 other
                 Churches
                 which
                 are
                 either
                 Parochials
                 or
                 Oratories
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Univerfity
                 was
                 placed
                 in
                 Bologna
                 ,
                 by
                 Theodosins
                 the
                 Emperor
                 ,
                 in
                 the
                 yeer
                 of
                 our
                 Lord
                 425.
                 and
                 much
                 amplified
                 afterwards
                 by
                 Charles
                 the
                 great
                 ,
                 and
                 Lotario
                 the
                 Emperor
                 ;
                 the
                 first
                 Reader
                 of
                 the
                 Civil
                 Laws
                 here
                 was
                 Irnerio
                 ,
                 induced
                 thither
                 by
                 the
                 said
                 Lotario
                 ,
                 since
                 when
                 many
                 wise
                 and
                 well-read
                 men
                 in
                 all
                 sciences
                 have
                 proceeded
                 hence
                 ;
                 in
                 the
                 time
                 of
                 
                   Giovan
                   Andrea
                
                 the
                 Splendour
                 of
                 the
                 Canon
                 Law
                 and
                 A●…one
                 the
                 Fountain
                 of
                 the
                 civil
                 Law
                 ,
                 we
                 read
                 there
                 were
                 ten
                 thousand
                 Students
                 in
                 this
                 City
                 .
                 Azone
                 saies
                 
                   Legalium
                   studiorum
                   semper
                   〈◊〉
                   chia●…
                   ten●…it
                   Bononia
                   ,
                
                 hence
                 t
                 is
                 that
                 Gregory
                 the
                 9th
                 .
                 directed
                 his
                 decretals
                 to
                 the
                 Univerfity
                 of
                 Bolonia
                 and
                 Boniface
                 the
                 8th
                 .
                 Sisto
                 ,
                 and
                 〈◊〉
                 the
                 24th
                 .
                 the
                 Book
                 of
                 the
                 Clementines
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Fabrick
                 of
                 the
                 University
                 is
                 very
                 proud
                 ,
                 with
                 a
                 large
                 Hall
                 and
                 spatious
                 Courts
                 .
                 In
                 the
                 City
                 are
                 many
                 Colleges
                 for
                 several
                 Nations
                 ,
                 and
                 to
                 speak
                 its
                 praises
                 in
                 one
                 word
                 ,
                 t
                 is
                 a
                 most
                 happy
                 University
                 ,
                 and
                 merits
                 that
                 Character
                 which
                 all
                 men
                 give
                 it
                 ,
                 viz.
                 
                 
                   Bononia
                   docet
                   ,
                   &
                   Bononia
                   mater
                   Studiorum
                   .
                
              
               
                 The
                 City
                 contains
                 80000.
                 
                 Souls
                 ,
                 among
                 them
                 many
                 noble
                 Families
                 ,
                 with
                 many
                 titled
                 ,
                 as
                 Dukes
                 ,
                 Marqueses
                 ,
                 Counts
                 ,
                 Captains
                 of
                 War
                 ,
                 besides
                 infinite
                 Scholars
                 .
              
               
               
                 Its
                 Riches
                 are
                 great
                 and
                 equally
                 divided
                 among
                 the
                 Citizens
                 ,
                 whence
                 t
                 is
                 that
                 they
                 alwaies
                 preserved
                 a
                 good
                 reputation
                 .
                 It
                 fought
                 with
                 
                   Federick
                   Barbarossa
                
                 ,
                 and
                 took
                 his
                 Son
                 Enzo
                 Prisoner
                 ,
                 maintaining
                 him
                 splendidly
                 for
                 22.
                 yeers
                 .
                 It
                 subjugated
                 more
                 than
                 once
                 ,
                 
                   Forli
                   ,
                   Imola
                   ,
                   Faenza
                   ,
                   Cesena
                   ,
                   Cervia
                   ,
                
                 and
                 other
                 places
                 .
                 It
                 gloriously
                 maintained
                 a
                 War
                 against
                 the
                 Venetians
                 ,
                 for
                 3.
                 yeers
                 together
                 ,
                 with
                 an
                 Army
                 of
                 forty
                 thousand
                 men
                 ,
                 and
                 had
                 some
                 Families
                 very
                 potent
                 ,
                 as
                 may
                 appear
                 by
                 that
                 of
                 the
                 Lambertazzi
                 ,
                 who
                 being
                 banished
                 with
                 all
                 its
                 followers
                 ,
                 out
                 of
                 Bologna
                 ,
                 in
                 the
                 yeer
                 1274.
                 they
                 say
                 that
                 what
                 with
                 Men
                 ,
                 Women
                 ,
                 and
                 Servants
                 ,
                 they
                 who
                 by
                 that
                 decree
                 went
                 out
                 ,
                 amounted
                 to
                 the
                 number
                 of
                 fifteen
                 thousand
                 persons
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 The
                 Burroughs
                 and
                 Suburbs
                 of
                 BOLONIA
                 .
              
               
                 FOrth
                 of
                 Bolonia
                 ,
                 towards
                 the
                 West
                 ,
                 at
                 the
                 Foot
                 of
                 the
                 Mountains
                 ,
                 is
                 the
                 Church
                 of
                 
                   San
                   Giofesso
                
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Monastery
                 of
                 the
                 Certonisi
                 .
                 Upon
                 the
                 top
                 of
                 the
                 Mountain
                 Guardia
                 ,
                 is
                 reverenced
                 an
                 Image
                 of
                 the
                 blessed
                 Virgin
                 drawn
                 by
                 the
                 hand
                 of
                 
                   S.
                   Luke
                
                 .
                 Out
                 of
                 the
                 Gate
                 towards
                 the
                 Emilian
                 Way
                 ,
                 there
                 is
                 a
                 noble
                 Monastery
                 of
                 the
                 Crutched
                 Fryers
                 ,
                 and
                 towards
                 the
                 South
                 the
                 Church
                 Misericordia
                 ,
                 where
                 reside
                 the
                 reverend
                 Fryers
                 of
                 Saint
                 Augustine
                 .
                 Out
                 of
                 the
                 Gate
                 
                   San
                   Mammolo
                
                 ,
                 is
                 a
                 Monastery
                 of
                 the
                 Jesuites
                 ,
                 and
                 upon
                 the
                 hill
                 is
                 the
                 miraculous
                 
                   Madonna
                   del
                   Monte
                
                 ,
                 a
                 Church
                 of
                 the
                 Benedictine
                 Fryars
                 ,
                 where
                 are
                 the
                 natural
                 essigies
                 of
                 Bassarione
                 and
                 
                   Nicholo
                   Perotto
                
                 .
              
               
                 Towards
                 the
                 East
                 is
                 the
                 Church
                 of
                 
                   San
                   Vittore
                
                 ,
                 placed
                 among
                 the
                 Hills
                 ,
                 where
                 Bartolo
                 the
                 most
                 learned
                 Doctor
                 ,
                 resided
                 3.
                 yeers
                 as
                 it
                 were
                 unknown
                 ,
                 near
                 which
                 are
                 stately
                 Palaces
                 .
                 Without
                 the
                 City
                 also
                 stands
                 
                   San
                   Michelle
                   in
                   bosco
                
                 ,
                 upon
                 a
                 hill
                 ,
                 with
                 a
                 rich
                 and
                 proud
                 Monastery
                 .
                 The
                 Church
                 is
                 garnished
                 with
                 fair
                 Colums
                 ,
                 Statues
                 ,
                 and
                 Sculptures
                 of
                 Marble
                 ,
                 and
                 sumptuous
                 Altars
                 with
                 rare
                 pictures
                 ,
                 the
                 Quire
                 with
                 excellent
                 Land
                 skips
                 ,
                 there
                 is
                 a
                 stately
                 Library
                 ,
                 &
                 refectory
                 with
                 excellent
                 Pictures
                 drawn
                 by
                 Vasari
                 among
                 ,
                 them
                 the
                 essigies
                 of
                 Clement
                 the
                 7th
                 .
                 in
                 the
                 Cloyster
                 lies
                 buried
                 
                   Antonio
                   di
                   Butrio
                
                 ,
                 a
                 Doctor
                 of
                 Laws
                 ,
                 and
                 Ramazzotto
                 ,
                 a
                 valourous
                 Captain
                 in
                 the
                 Wars
                 .
                 Its
                 apportments
                 are
                 excellent
                 Architecture
                 ,
                 and
                 its
                 gardens
                 most
                 delitious
                 ,
                 from
                 which
                 Monastery
                 ,
                 besides
                 the
                 City
                 and
                 Territory
                 of
                 Bolonia
                 ,
                 you
                 have
                 a
                 full
                 prospect
                 of
                 the
                 pleasant
                 Country
                 of
                 Lumbardy
                 so
                 much
                 commended
                 by
                 Polibius
                 ,
                 in
                 the
                 second
                 book
                 of
                 his
                 histories
                 ,
                 as
                 also
                 of
                 those
                 Snowy
                 hills
                 the
                 Alps
                 ,
                 which
                 appear
                 like
                 Clouds
                 ,
                 the
                 Adriatic
                 Sea
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 mouth
                 of
                 the
                 Poe
                 ,
                 which
                 runs
                 into
                 the
                 Sea
                 by
                 many
                 branches
                 ,
                 and
                 likewise
                 of
                 
                   Mantoua
                   ,
                   Ferrara
                   ,
                   Imola
                   ,
                   Mirandola
                   ,
                
                 and
                 other
                 surrounding
                 places
                 ,
                 which
                 seem
                 as
                 so
                 many
                 fair
                 Roses
                 and
                 flowers
                 dispersed
                 over
                 those
                 Fields
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 The
                 Teritory
                 of
                 BOLOGNA
                 .
              
               
                 TRavailing
                 out
                 of
                 Bologna
                 ,
                 South-West
                 ,
                 you
                 meet
                 with
                 the
                 most
                 antient
                 Monastery
                 or
                 Priorate
                 of
                 
                   Santa
                   Maria
                   del
                   Reno
                
                 ,
                 whence
                 have
                 proceeded
                 ●…
                 Popes
                 ,
                 with
                 many
                 Cardinals
                 ,
                 Bishops
                 ,
                 Saints
                 ,
                 and
                 other
                 Religious
                 .
                 Then
                 turning
                 on
                 the
                 left
                 hand
                 towards
                 the
                 Apenines
                 ,
                 and
                 keeping
                 the
                 River
                 Reno
                 ,
                 on
                 the
                 right
                 ,
                 you
                 arrive
                 at
                 the
                 Bridge
                 Casale●…chio
                 ,
                 a
                 little
                 farther
                 you
                 see
                 the
                 Chiesa
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 a
                 
                 Wall
                 traversing
                 the
                 Reno
                 from
                 sidè
                 to
                 side
                 ,
                 to
                 force
                 the
                 Water
                 down
                 a
                 Chanel
                 ,
                 cut
                 artificially
                 to
                 Bologna
                 ,
                 for
                 the
                 driving
                 certain
                 Engines
                 and
                 Mils
                 for
                 grindidg
                 Corn
                 ,
                 for
                 making
                 Vessels
                 of
                 Copper
                 ,
                 and
                 Arms
                 for
                 War
                 ,
                 for
                 beating
                 of
                 Spices
                 ,
                 and
                 Galnuts
                 ,
                 for
                 twisting
                 of
                 Silks
                 ,
                 for
                 burnishing
                 of
                 Arms
                 ,
                 and
                 for
                 edging
                 of
                 divers
                 Instruments
                 ,
                 ●…orm
                 king
                 of
                 Paper
                 ,
                 sawing
                 of
                 Planks
                 ,
                 and
                 divers
                 other
                 Mysteries
                 ,
                 and
                 in
                 the
                 end
                 to
                 convey
                 the
                 Barks
                 to
                 
                   Malelbergo
                   ▪
                
                 and
                 thence
                 on
                 the
                 Poe
                 ,
                 to
                 Ferrara
                 .
                 Then
                 you
                 enter
                 the
                 Vale
                 Reno
                 ,
                 between
                 the
                 River
                 and
                 the
                 Hills
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 most
                 productive
                 of
                 all
                 Grains
                 and
                 Fruits
                 ,
                 in
                 which
                 Valley
                 stands
                 the
                 magnificent
                 Palace
                 of
                 the
                 Rossi
                 ,
                 a
                 Palace
                 for
                 
                 its
                 capaciousness
                 and
                 delights
                 fit
                 to
                 lodge
                 an
                 Emperor
                 ;
                 on
                 the
                 Hill
                 near
                 it
                 is
                 the
                 Town
                 Colossina
                 ,
                 which
                 .
                 before
                 you
                 can
                 a●…cend
                 you
                 must
                 pass
                 
                 under
                 a
                 Rock
                 by
                 a
                 way
                 cut
                 thorow
                 with
                 Iron
                 ,
                 on
                 the
                 left
                 hand
                 beholding
                 a
                 prodigious
                 hollow
                 ,
                 through
                 which
                 the
                 ●…eni
                 passeth
                 .
                 Then
                 you
                 ●…ind
                 Panico
                 ,
                 a
                 Town
                 a
                 long
                 time
                 possessed
                 by
                 the
                 Family
                 o●…
                 Panico
                 ,
                 
                 which
                 at
                 this
                 day
                 is
                 wholly
                 extinct
                 .
                 More
                 forward
                 one
                 discovers
                 a
                 fair
                 Plain
                 called
                 Misano
                 ,
                 and
                 in
                 it
                 certain
                 foot-steps
                 of
                 Edifices
                 ,
                 and
                 other
                 Antiquities
                 ,
                 pursuing
                 which
                 way
                 you
                 arrive
                 at
                 the
                 Town
                 Vergata
                 ,
                 the
                 seat
                 of
                 the
                 Captain
                 who
                 hath
                 Jurisdiction
                 over
                 the
                 Inhabitants
                 
                 of
                 the
                 adjacent
                 Villages
                 ,
                 and
                 is
                 di●…ant
                 15.
                 miles
                 from
                 Bolonia
                 .
                 When●…e
                 travailing
                 on
                 the
                 right
                 hand
                 ,
                 shew
                 themselves
                 
                   Cesio
                   ,
                   Barghi
                
                 ,
                 and
                 Cas●…lighone
                 ,
                 Castles
                 of
                 the
                 
                   Signori
                   Pepoli
                
                 ,
                 near
                 whereto
                 are
                 
                 the
                 confines
                 of
                 the
                 Florentine
                 Territories
                 ,
                 but
                 on
                 the
                 right
                 h●…nd
                 along
                 the
                 Banks
                 of
                 the
                 Reno
                 ,
                 are
                 the
                 Baths
                 of
                 Porretta
                 ,
                 where
                 from
                 
                 Rocks
                 gush
                 out
                 hot
                 Waters
                 very
                 medicinal
                 ,
                 whose
                 virtue
                 is
                 manifested
                 to
                 all
                 by
                 the
                 Proverb
                 which
                 saies
                 
                   Chi
                   beve
                   l'acqua
                   della
                   Borr●…tta
                   ,
                   ●…
                   che
                   lo
                   ●…pazza
                   ,
                   ò
                   che
                   lo
                   netta
                   ,
                
                 thence
                 taking
                 the
                 right-handway
                 ,
                 you
                 enter
                 the
                 Graffignana
                 treated
                 of
                 diffusely
                 before
                 .
              
               
                 Taking
                 the
                 Way
                 through
                 the
                 Gate
                 Galliera
                 ,
                 towards
                 Ferrara
                 ,
                 you
                 meet
                 Cor●…icella
                 ,
                 then
                 pussing
                 the
                 Bridge
                 over
                 the
                 Reno
                 you
                 see
                 
                   San
                   Georgio
                
                 a
                 Castle
                 ten
                 miles
                 off
                 Bologna
                 ,
                 where
                 leaving
                 the
                 Castles
                 Cento
                 and
                 Pieve
                 ,
                 on
                 the
                 left
                 ,
                 appears
                 Poggio
                 ,
                 appertaining
                 to
                 the
                 noble
                 Family
                 Lambertini
                 ,
                 intending
                 then
                 for
                 Ferrara
                 you
                 must
                 keep
                 the
                 direct
                 
                 Road.
                 
              
               
                 On
                 the
                 right
                 hand
                 of
                 which
                 Way
                 near
                 the
                 Canale
                 ,
                 lies
                 Bentivoglio
                 ,
                 a
                 ●…umptuous
                 Palace
                 with
                 a
                 Tower
                 in
                 the
                 midst
                 of
                 a
                 strong
                 Fort
                 ,
                 whence
                 sayling
                 down
                 the
                 Canale
                 in
                 Boats
                 ,
                 called
                 Sandoli
                 ,
                 one
                 passeth
                 
                 by
                 Malalbergo
                 ,
                 an
                 Inn
                 infamous
                 by
                 name
                 and
                 Deeds
                 ,
                 Bottifredi
                 a
                 Tavern
                 ,
                 Minerbo
                 a
                 Town
                 ,
                 and
                 Butrio
                 a
                 Castle
                 ,
                 whose
                 Countrey
                 affords
                 plenty
                 of
                 Hemp
                 ,
                 which
                 for
                 its
                 length
                 and
                 strength
                 is
                 much
                 esteemed
                 at
                 Venice
                 ,
                 and
                 by
                 them
                 used
                 for
                 Cordage
                 for
                 their
                 Vessels
                 .
                 Near
                 the
                 Emilian
                 way
                 towards
                 the
                 East
                 ,
                 stand
                 Molinella
                 a
                 Palace
                 ,
                 
                   Boloniali
                   Valti
                
                 ,
                 a
                 Village
                 ,
                 Medicina
                 a
                 Castle
                 ,
                 and
                 Ricardina
                 a
                 Town
                 ,
                 between
                 
                 which
                 was
                 fought
                 that
                 sharp
                 battail
                 by
                 the
                 Army
                 of
                 
                   Bartlomeo
                   Cogliono
                
                 agaiust
                 that
                 of
                 
                   Galeazzo
                   Sforza
                
                 Son
                 of
                 the
                 Duke
                 Francesco
                 ,
                 wherein
                 the
                 said
                 Bartolomeo
                 ,
                 remained
                 Conqueror
                 ,
                 and
                 near
                 hereto
                 ,
                 lies
                 the
                 Valley
                 Argenta
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Castle
                 Guelfo
                 ,
                 where
                 begin
                 the
                 Territories
                 of
                 Imola
                 .
                 
              
               
                 On
                 the
                 
                   Via
                   Emilia
                
                 towards
                 Romagna●…
                 five
                 miles
                 off
                 Bologna
                 on
                 the
                 right
                 hand
                 lie
                 most
                 pleasant
                 Hills
                 ,
                 beautified
                 with
                 Palaces
                 ,
                 Gardens
                 and
                 Fruit
                 Trees
                 ,
                 and
                 some
                 Woods
                 of
                 Juneper
                 the
                 harbour
                 of
                 much
                 Foul
                 ,
                 which
                 Hills
                 afford
                 the
                 sweetest
                 and
                 largest
                 Olives
                 of
                 ●…taly
                 ,
                 not
                 at
                 all
                 inferiour
                 to
                 them
                 of
                 Spain
                 .
                 Near
                 which
                 .
                 lies
                 the
                 Way
                 leading
                 to
                 Florence
                 .
                 
                 Near
                 the
                 Emilian
                 Way
                 also
                 runs
                 the
                 River
                 Savena
                 ,
                 over
                 which
                 is
                 built
                 a
                 Bridge
                 of
                 Brick
                 ,
                 not
                 far
                 from
                 which
                 are
                 discovered
                 the
                 ruines
                 of
                 another
                 stately
                 Bridge
                 ,
                 which
                 was
                 raised
                 at
                 the
                 cost
                 of
                 the
                 Countess
                 Matilda
                 .
                 On
                 the
                 right
                 hand
                 appear
                 the
                 feet
                 of
                 the
                 Apeniues
                 ,
                 with
                 some
                 Hills
                 embellished
                 with
                 Towns
                 and
                 Villages
                 .
                 On
                 the
                 left
                 is
                 a
                 good
                 and
                 fertile
                 Plain
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Road
                 to
                 Ferrara
                 ,
                 and
                 on
                 one
                 side
                 
                 of
                 the
                 Emilian
                 Way
                 ,
                 are
                 the
                 Ruines
                 of
                 the
                 Antient
                 City
                 Quaterna
                 ,
                 which
                 was
                 destroyed
                 by
                 the
                 Bolonians
                 ,
                 in
                 the
                 yeer
                 385.
                 after
                 a
                 long
                 Battail
                 ,
                 and
                 on
                 the
                 other
                 side
                 is
                 the
                 Castle
                 Butrio
                 ,
                 ten
                 miles
                 off
                 which
                 you
                 finde
                 the
                 River
                 Selero
                 ,
                 over
                 which
                 is
                 a
                 Bridge
                 of
                 stone
                 ;
                 near
                 which
                 stands
                 the
                 Castle
                 
                   San
                   Pietro
                
                 ,
                 built
                 by
                 the
                 Bolonians
                 ,
                 whose
                 Fields
                 afford
                 
                 plenty
                 of
                 Grain
                 ,
                 Flax
                 ,
                 and
                 Fruit
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Ferry
                 no
                 less
                 gain
                 ;
                 on
                 the
                 right
                 hand
                 of
                 Selero
                 ,
                 stands
                 Dozza
                 ,
                 a
                 Castle
                 endowed
                 with
                 the
                 
                 title
                 of
                 a
                 Count
                 ,
                 belonging
                 to
                 the
                 Family
                 Campeggi
                 in
                 Bolonia
                 ,
                 and
                 Paradello
                 a
                 Convent
                 of
                 the
                 Fryers
                 of
                 the
                 third
                 order
                 of
                 
                   San
                   Francesco
                
                 ,
                 called
                 Minimi
                 ,
                 built
                 with
                 wonderfull
                 cost
                 and
                 Artifice
                 by
                 Pope
                 Giulius
                 the
                 second
                 ,
                 t
                 is
                 thence
                 to
                 Imolo
                 a
                 mile
              
               
                 Having
                 perused
                 all
                 the
                 Territory
                 of
                 Bologna
                 ,
                 nothing
                 remains
                 but
                 the
                 number
                 of
                 People
                 ,
                 which
                 what
                 in
                 the
                 Territories
                 with
                 the
                 Cities
                 and
                 Burroughs
                 amount
                 to
                 207797.
                 
                 Souls
                 .
              
            
          
           
             
               The
               Gests
               or
               Journies
               from
               BOLOGNA
               to
               
                 FLORENCE
                 ,
                 SIENNA
              
               ,
               and
               ROME
            
             
               TO
               go
               to
               Florence
               ,
               you
               must
               travail
               South-East
               ,
               out
               of
               the
               Gate
               
                 S.
                 Steffano
              
               ,
               through
               a
               pleasant
               ,
               and
               fertile
               Country
               ,
               wherein
               rise
               some
               Hills
               ,
               and
               having
               gone
               ten
               miles
               ,
               you
               arrive
               at
               Pianora
               ,
               a
               Town
               filled
               with
               Hosteries
               ,
               then
               at
               Loiano
               ,
               among
               the
               sharp
               Hills
               ,
               
               somewhat
               farther
               lies
               Scara
               ,
               a
               place
               much
               honoured
               by
               its
               Country-man
               
               Romasciato
               ,
               a
               famous
               Souldier
               ,
               
                 Petra
                 Mala
                 ,
                 &
                 Fiorenzuola
              
               ,
               a
               new
               Castle
               built
               by
               the
               Florentines
               :
               Thence
               after
               passing
               the
               River
               ,
               you
               must
               gain
               the
               top
               of
               the
               Apenines
               through
               a
               rough
               and
               laborious
               way
               having
               no
               repose
               in
               all
               that
               Straight
               three
               miles
               passage
               ,
               till
               the
               arival
               at
               a
               little
               Hostery
               at
               the
               very
               top
               ,
               on
               the
               left
               hand
               of
               which
               passage
               lies
               a
               profound
               Vally
               ,
               so
               deep
               and
               so
               horrid
               ,
               that
               it
               many
               times
               turns
               the
               brain
               of
               the
               Traveller
               to
               behold
               it
               ,
               &
               hath
               occasioned
               some
               those
               in
               staggering
               whimses
               ,
               to
               fall
               down
               to
               their
               inevitable
               ruine
               .
               Descending
               from
               whence
               you
               attain
               Scarperia
               ,
               so
               called
               from
               its
               site
               ,
               
               on
               the
               slopeness
               of
               the
               Apenines
               ,
               whence
               the
               eye
               may
               behold
               the
               lovely
               places
               of
               Tuscany
               :
               Finally
               having
               travalled
               fifty
               miles
               from
               Bologna
               you
               reach
               Florence
               .
            
             
               
                 Fiorenzala
                 Bella.
                 FLORENCE
                 the
                 Fair.
                 
              
               
                 FLorence
                 doth
                 not
                 boast
                 it self
                 much
                 of
                 antiquity
                 ,
                 being
                 foundedbut
                 an
                 inconsiderable
                 time
                 before
                 the
                 Triumvirate
                 ,
                 &
                 divers
                 are
                 the
                 opinionsabout
                 its
                 building
                 ,
                 some
                 will
                 have
                 it
                 built
                 by
                 the
                 Fiesolani
                 ,
                 who
                 considering
                 the
                 difficulty
                 &
                 sharpness
                 of
                 the
                 ascent
                 ,
                 &
                 descent
                 of
                 the
                 Mountain
                 whereon
                 Fiesole
                 was
                 built
                 ,
                 by
                 little
                 and
                 little
                 abandoned
                 Fiesole
                 ,
                 and
                 built
                 their
                 habitations
                 in
                 the
                 plain
                 neár
                 the
                 Banks
                 of
                 Arno
                 ,
                 
                 Others
                 say
                 by
                 the
                 Fl●…entines
                 who
                 here
                 dwelt
                 .
                 As
                 to
                 its
                 name
                 ,
                 it
                 was
                 called
                 Florence
                 ,
                 either
                 from
                 its
                 so
                 great
                 felicity
                 ,
                 in
                 the
                 suddainness
                 of
                 its
                 increase
                 ,
                 like
                 a
                 Flower
                 to
                 its
                 perfect
                 beauty
                 ,
                 or
                 for
                 that
                 it
                 was
                 made
                 a
                 Colony
                 to
                 Rome
                 ,
                 the
                 Flower
                 of
                 the
                 World.
                 T
                 is
                 seated
                 in
                 a
                 plain
                 ,
                 and
                 is
                 cut
                 through
                 in
                 two
                 parts
                 by
                 the
                 River
                 Arno.
                 T
                 is
                 compassed
                 on
                 the
                 East
                 and
                 Northparts
                 ,
                 in
                 the
                 likeness
                 of
                 a
                 half
                 Theatre
                 by
                 pleasant
                 Hills
                 ,
                 and
                 on
                 the
                 West
                 it
                 hath
                 a
                 glorious
                 Plain
                 ,
                 extending
                 it self
                 forty
                 miles
                 broad
                 ,
                 placed
                 between
                 
                   Arezzo
                   &
                   Pisa
                
                 ,
                 a●…d
                 is
                 secured
                 from
                 the
                 force
                 of
                 the
                 Enemy
                 by
                 the
                 Ap●…nines
                 ;
                 t
                 is
                 five
                 miles
                 in
                 compass
                 ,
                 and
                 rather
                 of
                 a
                 long
                 than
                 circular
                 Form.
                 Heretofore
                 it
                 had
                 4
                 principal
                 Gates
                 ,
                 and
                 4
                 Postern●…s
                 ,
                 when
                 also
                 it
                 had
                 62.
                 
                 Towers
                 the
                 habitations
                 of
                 Gentlemen
                 .
                 Afterwards
                 it
                 was
                 in
                 great
                 part
                 destroyed
                 by
                 Attila
                 King
                 of
                 the
                 Goths
                 ,
                 who
                 slew
                 some
                 of
                 the
                 Citizens
                 .
                 After
                 which
                 the
                 Walls
                 were
                 cast
                 down
                 by
                 the
                 Fiesola●…i
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 barbarous
                 ,
                 which
                 molestations
                 ,
                 enforced
                 the
                 ●…ltizens
                 to
                 quit
                 it
                 and
                 retreat
                 to
                 adjacent
                 Castles
                 ,
                 and
                 so
                 it
                 remained
                 wholy
                 deprived
                 of
                 inhabitants
                 till
                 the
                 year
                 of
                 the
                 Incarnation
                 of
                 our
                 Lord
                 802.
                 
                 When
                 Charles
                 the
                 great
                 from
                 his
                 Crownation
                 as
                 Emperor
                 at
                 Rome
                 ,
                 returning
                 for
                 France
                 ,
                 stayed
                 there
                 some
                 daies
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 place
                 being
                 agreable
                 to
                 him
                 he
                 gave
                 beginning
                 to
                 the
                 Walls
                 ,
                 and
                 therein
                 erected
                 150
                 Towers
                 ,
                 one
                 hundred
                 braces
                 or
                 Yards
                 in
                 the
                 heighth
                 ,
                 and
                 enjoyned
                 all
                 the
                 dispersed
                 Citizens
                 to
                 re-inhabit
                 it
                 ;
                 from
                 that
                 time
                 it
                 augmented
                 daily
                 ,
                 and
                 was
                 governed
                 in
                 Liberty
                 ,
                 being
                 (
                 for
                 all
                 that
                 )
                 many
                 times
                 infinitely
                 perplexed
                 with
                 the
                 wicked
                 Factions
                 of
                 the
                 
                   Neri
                   ▪
                
                 and
                 Bianchi
                 ,
                 the
                 Guelfi
                 ,
                 and
                 Gibelli●…i
                 .
              
               
                 Antiently
                 their
                 Government
                 was
                 thus
                 .
                 They
                 created
                 two
                 Consuls
                 for
                 one
                 year
                 ,
                 giving
                 them
                 a
                 Senate
                 of
                 one
                 hundred
                 Fathers
                 wise
                 men
                 ,
                 afterwards
                 this
                 Order
                 changed
                 ,
                 and
                 ten
                 Citizens
                 elected
                 calling
                 them
                 Antiani
                 ,
                 which
                 order
                 was
                 also
                 several
                 times
                 changed
                 ,
                 through
                 the
                 differences
                 between
                 the
                 Gentlemen
                 and
                 Citizens
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Citizens
                 and
                 common
                 people
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Citizens
                 by
                 their
                 Ingenuity
                 heaped
                 up
                 much
                 Riches
                 ,
                 and
                 that
                 made
                 their
                 pride
                 so
                 great
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 one
                 would
                 not
                 give
                 place
                 to
                 the
                 other
                 .
                 It
                 subdued
                 many
                 Ciities
                 of
                 Tusea●…y
                 and
                 Romagn●…
                 ,
                 particularly
                 Pisa
                 a
                 potent
                 Republick
                 is
                 at
                 present
                 under
                 one
                 sole
                 Prince
                 with
                 it
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 sereness
                 and
                 goodness
                 of
                 the
                 Ayr
                 generates
                 many
                 good
                 Wit●…
                 there
                 ,
                 and
                 their
                 Ingenuity
                 procures
                 great
                 Riches
                 .
                 It
                 is
                 divided
                 (
                 as
                 aforesaid
                 )
                 by
                 the
                 Arno
                 ,
                 over
                 which
                 are
                 built
                 four
                 magnificent
                 Bridges
                 .
                 It
                 hath
                 plenty
                 of
                 all
                 things
                 ,
                 from
                 the
                 environing
                 Hills
                 ,
                 Plains
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 navigable
                 River
                 .
                 It
                 stands
                 as
                 it
                 were
                 in
                 the
                 heart
                 of
                 Italy
                 ,
                 is
                 the
                 constant
                 residence
                 of
                 its
                 Prince
                 ,
                 and
                 its
                 people
                 are
                 so
                 industrious
                 that
                 there
                 is
                 scarce
                 a
                 Merchandizing
                 City
                 in
                 the
                 World
                 without
                 some
                 Florentine
                 Merchants
                 ,
                 which
                 gave
                 occasion
                 to
                 Pope
                 Boniface
                 the
                 XI
                 .
                 to
                 say
                 that
                 the
                 Florentines
                 were
                 the
                 5th
                 .
                 Element
                 ;
                 no
                 City
                 in
                 Europe
                 (
                 except
                 Rome
                 )
                 produced
                 more
                 Architectors
                 ,
                 Painters
                 ,
                 and
                 Sculptors
                 than
                 this
                 ,
                 whence
                 t
                 is
                 that
                 it
                 abounds
                 with
                 admirable
                 Palaces
                 ,
                 Temples
                 ,
                 Pictures
                 ,
                 and
                 Statues
                 ,
                 upon
                 one
                 of
                 the
                 Bridges
                 is
                 the
                 GoldSmiths
                 Street
                 ,
                 upon
                 another
                 of
                 stately
                 structure
                 the
                 seasons
                 of
                 the
                 year
                 ,
                 in
                 Marble
                 .
                 Opposite
                 to
                 this
                 stands
                 a
                 Column
                 of
                 an
                 immense
                 bigness
                 ,
                 and
                 upon
                 the
                 top
                 thereof
                 a
                 Statue
                 of
                 Justice
                 in
                 Porphire
                 ,
                 which
                 Cos●…s
                 the
                 first
                 great
                 Duke
                 raised
                 as
                 a
                 Trophe
                 in
                 that
                 place
                 ,
                 for
                 that
                 walking
                 for
                 pastime
                 ,
                 the
                 newes
                 there
                 first
                 reached
                 him
                 of
                 the
                 great
                 
                 Victory
                 which
                 the
                 Marquess
                 Marignano
                 ,
                 obtayned
                 over
                 
                   Pietro
                   Strozzi
                
                 ,
                 in
                 the
                 yeer
                 1555
                 and
                 with
                 it
                 Sienna
                 ,
                 near
                 it
                 is
                 the
                 
                   Palazzo
                   de
                   Strozzi
                
                 ,
                 no
                 less
                 to
                 be
                 admired
                 for
                 the
                 immensity
                 of
                 its
                 Fabricks
                 ,
                 than
                 for
                 its
                 rude
                 Architecture
                 .
                 Here
                 on
                 the
                 right
                 lies
                 the
                 Merchants
                 vault
                 supported
                 with
                 fayr
                 Pillars
                 ,
                 and
                 before
                 it
                 a
                 Brasen
                 Bore
                 ,
                 casting
                 forth
                 Water
                 ;
                 strait
                 on
                 is
                 the
                 
                   Piazza
                   Maggiore
                
                 ,
                 or
                 great
                 place
                 ,
                 in
                 the
                 midst
                 whereof
                 is
                 the
                 Statue
                 of
                 Cosmus
                 the
                 great
                 Duke
                 on
                 Horse
                 back
                 in
                 Brass
                 with
                 this
                 inscription
                 on
                 each
                 side
                 of
                 the
                 Basis.
                 
                 
                   Cosmo
                   Medici
                   Magno
                   ,
                   Etruriae
                   Duci
                   Primo
                   ,
                   Pio
                   ,
                   Felici
                   ,
                   Invicto
                   ,
                   Iusto
                   ,
                   Clementi
                   ,
                   Sacrae
                   Militiae
                   ,
                   Pacisque
                   in
                   Etruria
                   Authori
                   ,
                   Patri
                   ,
                   &
                   Principi
                   Optimo
                   ,
                   〈◊〉
                   F.
                   Mag.
                   Dux
                   ,
                   Ma●…
                   .
                   Dux
                   I.
                   I.
                   I.
                   erexit
                   .
                   An.
                   CIC.
                   ICLXXXXIV
                   .
                
                 behind
                 this
                 ,
                 
                   Profligatis
                   hostibus
                   ,
                   in
                   deditionem
                   acceptis
                   Senensibus
                   .
                   Plenis
                   liberis
                   Sen.
                   Fl.
                   Suffragiis
                   Dux
                   Patriae
                   renunciatur
                   .
                   Ob.
                   Zelam
                   Religionis
                   praecipuumque
                   Iustitiae
                   Studium
                   .
                
              
               
                 Between
                 which
                 Horse
                 and
                 the
                 
                   Piazzo
                   Vecchio
                
                 ,
                 is
                 a
                 Fountain
                 ,
                 and
                 round
                 about
                 its
                 Laver
                 the
                 Family
                 of
                 Neptune
                 ,
                 with
                 his
                 Coloss
                 of
                 Marble
                 in
                 the
                 midst
                 ;
                 bore
                 up
                 by
                 sour
                 Horses
                 ,
                 the
                 whole
                 not
                 to
                 be
                 paralleld
                 ,
                 much
                 less
                 excelled
                 by
                 humane
                 Art.
                 
              
               
                 The
                 Porch
                 in
                 the
                 same
                 Piazza
                 is
                 remarkeable
                 for
                 its
                 Arch
                 and
                 Statues
                 ,
                 one
                 whereof
                 is
                 of
                 Iudith
                 in
                 Brass
                 ,
                 and
                 in
                 another
                 stone
                 are
                 pourtrayed
                 three
                 persons
                 ,
                 in
                 several
                 postures
                 ,
                 cut
                 all
                 out
                 of
                 the
                 same
                 stone
                 representing
                 the
                 Rape
                 of
                 the
                 Sabines
                 .
              
               
                 Opposite
                 unto
                 the
                 Piazza
                 stands
                 the
                 Royal
                 Palace
                 of
                 the
                 Duke
                 ,
                 at
                 the
                 entrance
                 into
                 which
                 ,
                 stands
                 a
                 Colossus
                 of
                 David
                 ,
                 made
                 by
                 
                   Michael
                   Angelo
                
                 ,
                 and
                 another
                 of
                 Hercules
                 treading
                 on
                 ●…acus
                 ;
                 within
                 is
                 a
                 stately
                 Coutt
                 set
                 about
                 with
                 Pillars
                 of
                 Corinthian
                 Work
                 ,
                 and
                 over
                 them
                 painted
                 the
                 famous
                 deeds
                 of
                 Cosmus
                 the
                 great
                 Duke
                 and
                 all
                 the
                 places
                 subject
                 unto
                 that
                 Dutchy
                 ,
                 above
                 them
                 is
                 a
                 spatious
                 Hall
                 with
                 divers
                 Statues
                 ,
                 among
                 them
                 one
                 of
                 Pope
                 Leo
                 the
                 tenth
                 ,
                 another
                 of
                 Pope
                 ●…lement
                 the
                 seventh
                 ,
                 both
                 of
                 the
                 Family
                 of
                 the
                 Medicies
                 ,
                 from
                 whence
                 the
                 Dukes
                 Gallery
                 invites
                 a
                 view
                 ,
                 in
                 the
                 lower
                 story
                 whereof
                 sit
                 the
                 Courts
                 of
                 Justice
                 ,
                 with
                 an
                 Arcade
                 to
                 walke
                 in
                 ,
                 on
                 each
                 side
                 above
                 are
                 the
                 shops
                 of
                 the
                 Dukes
                 Artisans
                 ,
                 In
                 the
                 uppermost
                 p●…t
                 are
                 preserved
                 as
                 many
                 wonders
                 as
                 things
                 ,
                 some
                 to
                 be
                 admired
                 for
                 their
                 richness
                 ,
                 rarity
                 ,
                 and
                 Art
                 ,
                 others
                 for
                 their
                 antiquity
                 ,
                 On
                 each
                 side
                 of
                 the
                 Gallery
                 are
                 placed
                 above
                 80.
                 
                 Statues
                 ,
                 among
                 them
                 that
                 of
                 the
                 Idol
                 brought
                 from
                 the
                 Temple
                 of
                 Apollo
                 at
                 Delphos
                 with
                 this
                 verse
                 on
                 the
                 Pidestal
                 .
                 
                   
                     Ut
                     potui
                     huc
                     veni
                     Delpis
                     &
                     fratre
                     relicto
                     ,
                  
                
              
               
                 And
                 that
                 of
                 
                   Scipio
                   Africanus
                
                 ,
                 holding
                 up
                 his
                 Gown
                 under
                 his
                 Arm
                 are
                 most
                 admirable
                 ,
                 over
                 the
                 Statues
                 hang
                 the
                 Pictures
                 of
                 the
                 most
                 famous
                 Scholars
                 and
                 Souldiers
                 of
                 the
                 modern
                 times
                 .
              
               
                 At
                 the
                 right
                 hand
                 of
                 this
                 Gallery
                 are
                 several
                 Stanzaes
                 of
                 Curio●…ities
                 which
                 none
                 can
                 behold
                 without
                 astonishment
                 at
                 the
                 richness
                 and
                 variety
                 of
                 observeable
                 things
                 .
              
               
               
                 In
                 the
                 first
                 Room
                 ,
                 stands
                 the
                 Tabernacle
                 or
                 Altar
                 destined
                 for
                 St
                 Laurence
                 Chapel
                 ,
                 all
                 of
                 choice
                 Marble
                 ,
                 compacted
                 with
                 Jewels
                 and
                 pretious
                 stones
                 of
                 an
                 inestimable
                 valew
                 .
              
               
                 In
                 the
                 second
                 is
                 a
                 Table
                 with
                 flowers
                 and
                 Birds
                 in
                 their
                 natural
                 Colours
                 of
                 pretious
                 Stones
                 ,
                 with
                 a
                 Cabinet
                 of
                 200000.
                 
                 Crowns
                 in
                 valew
                 within
                 which
                 is
                 the
                 passion
                 of
                 our
                 Saviour
                 with
                 the
                 twelve
                 Apostles
                 all
                 carved
                 in
                 Amber
                 .
              
               
                 In
                 the
                 third
                 is
                 a
                 Cabinet
                 with
                 Calcidon
                 Pillars
                 filled
                 with
                 antient
                 Medals
                 of
                 Gold
                 ,
                 and
                 round
                 about
                 infinite
                 other
                 natural
                 and
                 artificial
                 curiosities
                 ,
                 amongst
                 them
                 the
                 Nayl
                 turned
                 half
                 into
                 Gold
                 by
                 Alchimy
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Emperors
                 head
                 cut
                 on
                 a
                 Turquoise
                 ,
                 as
                 big
                 as
                 a
                 Walnut
                 ;
                 next
                 is
                 the
                 Armory
                 ,
                 and
                 therein
                 the
                 habits
                 and
                 divers
                 sorts
                 of
                 Arms
                 of
                 several
                 Ages
                 and
                 People
                 ,
                 amongst
                 them
                 the
                 King
                 of
                 Chinaes
                 habit
                 ,
                 Hannibals
                 Head-piece
                 ,
                 and
                 Charlemains
                 Sword.
                 And
                 likewise
                 a
                 Magnet
                 which
                 attracts
                 &
                 supports
                 fourscore
                 pound
                 weight
                 of
                 Iron
                 .
              
               
                 In
                 the
                 la●…t
                 ,
                 is
                 the
                 curious
                 Turnery
                 of
                 Ivory
                 ,
                 and
                 a
                 Pillar
                 of
                 Oriental
                 Alablaster
                 ,
                 and
                 in
                 the
                 Gardrobe
                 are
                 12.
                 
                 Cubbards
                 of
                 Silver
                 Plate
                 ,
                 and
                 a
                 service
                 of
                 Massie
                 Gold
                 ,
                 and
                 a
                 Saddle
                 embroidered
                 all
                 over
                 with
                 Pearls
                 and
                 Diamonds
                 ,
                 which
                 with
                 many
                 other
                 inestimable
                 curiosities
                 (
                 a
                 theme
                 copious
                 enough
                 for
                 a
                 volume
                 )
                 declare
                 the
                 Wealth
                 of
                 this
                 Prince
                 equal
                 with
                 any
                 Kings
                 in
                 Christendom
              
               
                 From
                 the
                 said
                 Gallery
                 is
                 a
                 Corridor
                 or
                 private
                 passage
                 (
                 wherein
                 is
                 an
                 admirable
                 brass
                 Statue
                 of
                 Perseus
                 )
                 to
                 the
                 proud
                 Palace
                 Pitti
                 .
                 on
                 the
                 other
                 side
                 of
                 the
                 River
                 ,
                 where
                 the
                 Duke
                 keeps
                 his
                 Court.
                 Its
                 Front
                 is
                 very
                 Majestique
                 ,
                 towards
                 the
                 basis
                 of
                 Dorick
                 work
                 ,
                 in
                 the
                 midst
                 Ion●…k
                 ,
                 in
                 the
                 uppermost
                 Corinthian
                 .
                 In
                 the
                 Court
                 is
                 a
                 Grot
                 with
                 Statues
                 ,
                 and
                 a
                 Magnet
                 of
                 a
                 prodigious
                 greatness
                 ,
                 and
                 over
                 〈◊〉
                 Fountain
                 .
                 Its
                 Gardens
                 are
                 most
                 spatious
                 ,
                 embellished
                 with
                 Groves
                 ,
                 Walk●…
                 ,
                 Labirynths
                 ,
                 Fountains
                 ,
                 wherein
                 are
                 Swans
                 ,
                 Ostriches
                 ,
                 Dee●…
                 ,
                 Hares
                 ,
                 and
                 all
                 other
                 recreative
                 Creatures
                 .
                 It
                 also
                 hath
                 a
                 Seraglio
                 ,
                 wherein
                 his
                 Highness
                 maintains
                 all
                 sorts
                 of
                 Savage
                 Creatures
                 in
                 their
                 several
                 Stanzaes
                 ,
                 as
                 Lyons
                 ,
                 Bears
                 ,
                 Wolves
                 ,
                 Tygres
                 ,
                 &c.
                 which
                 according
                 to
                 their
                 several
                 species
                 there
                 breed
                 ,
                 and
                 are
                 placed
                 in
                 such
                 order
                 that
                 all
                 resorting
                 beholders
                 are
                 astonisht
                 at
                 it
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Streets
                 are
                 large
                 ,
                 long
                 ,
                 and
                 strait
                 ;
                 paved
                 with
                 Flint
                 ,
                 and
                 on
                 each
                 side
                 of
                 them
                 are
                 many
                 stately
                 Palaces
                 ,
                 bedecked
                 with
                 rare
                 statues
                 ,
                 Fountains
                 ,
                 &c.
                 by
                 which
                 with
                 its
                 other
                 singularities
                 hath
                 the
                 City
                 acquired
                 the
                 Surname
                 of
                 Florence
                 the
                 fayr
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Ch●…rches
                 are
                 so
                 much
                 beautifyed
                 ,
                 with
                 the
                 design
                 of
                 Architecture
                 ,
                 Sculpture
                 ,
                 Picture
                 ,
                 and
                 other
                 Curiosities
                 ,
                 that
                 who
                 should
                 describe
                 them
                 particularly
                 must
                 write
                 a
                 volume
                 ,
                 yet
                 the
                 wonderfull
                 Temple
                 
                   Santa
                   Maria
                   del
                   Fiore
                
                 ,
                 must
                 not
                 be
                 passed
                 in
                 silence
                 ,
                 where
                 Filino
                 and
                 Giotto
                 ,
                 two
                 excellent
                 men
                 in
                 Limning
                 and
                 Architecture
                 ly
                 buried
                 .
                 Therein
                 are
                 the
                 twelve
                 Apostles
                 cut
                 in
                 Marble
                 by
                 the
                 most
                 excellent
                 Sculptors
                 of
                 that
                 Age.
                 The
                 stupendious
                 Cupola
                 (
                 adorned
                 with
                 the
                 pieces
                 of
                 Vasari
                 and
                 Zucharo
                 ,
                 famous
                 painters
                 )
                 erected
                 by
                 
                   Francesco
                   Brunelesco
                
                 at
                 that
                 heighth
                 is
                 so
                 large
                 that
                 the
                 brass
                 Globe
                 at
                 top
                 will
                 contain
                 16.
                 persons
                 ,
                 the
                 Steeple
                 is
                 all
                 built
                 with
                 incomparable
                 Marble
                 stones
                 and
                 garnished
                 with
                 Statues
                 ,
                 wrought
                 by
                 those
                 famous
                 Statuaries
                 in
                 emulation
                 one
                 of
                 another
                 .
                 Before
                 which
                 stands
                 the
                 Babtistery
                 built
                 in
                 an
                 Octogon
                 ,
                 antiently
                 the
                 Temple
                 of
                 Mars
                 ,
                 herein
                 stands
                 that
                 Egregious
                 Vessel
                 or
                 Font
                 of
                 pretious
                 Stones
                 wherein
                 
                 they
                 baptize
                 their
                 Infants
                 ,
                 whose
                 four
                 Gates
                 of
                 Brass
                 are
                 esteemed
                 without
                 their
                 equal
                 .
                 Herein
                 
                   Baldessar
                   Gossa
                
                 once
                 Pope
                 of
                 Rome
                 (
                 deposed
                 from
                 the
                 Papacy
                 ,
                 at
                 the
                 Council
                 of
                 Costanza
                 )
                 lies
                 buried
                 in
                 an
                 artificial
                 Sepulcher
                 of
                 Brass
                 made
                 by
                 Donatello
                 ,
                 with
                 his
                 essigies
                 and
                 these
                 Letters
                 .
                 
                   Balthasar
                   Cossa
                   ,
                   olim
                   Ioannes
                   vigesimus
                   tertius
                   .
                
              
               
                 The
                 noble
                 Temple
                 
                   Santa
                   Maria
                   Novella
                
                 ,
                 for
                 its
                 marvellous
                 Structure
                 may
                 be
                 compared
                 to
                 any
                 other
                 of
                 Italy
                 ,
                 which
                 
                   Michael
                   Angelo
                
                 was
                 wont
                 to
                 call
                 his
                 Venus
                 .
              
               
                 Among
                 its
                 other
                 notable
                 things
                 appears
                 the
                 Sepulchre
                 of
                 the
                 Patriarchs
                 of
                 Constantinople
                 who
                 subscribed
                 to
                 the
                 Council
                 celebrated
                 under
                 Eugenius
                 the
                 fourth
                 ,
                 near
                 to
                 which
                 Church
                 adjoyns
                 the
                 sumptuous
                 Monastery
                 for
                 the
                 Fryers
                 ,
                 wherein
                 were
                 celebrated
                 certain
                 sessions
                 of
                 A
                 general
                 Council
                 ,
                 in
                 the
                 presence
                 of
                 the
                 Latin
                 and
                 Greek
                 Church
                 ,
                 the
                 Pope
                 ,
                 the
                 Emperor
                 and
                 four
                 Patriarkes
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Mirrour
                 of
                 Art
                 and
                 wonder
                 of
                 this
                 Age
                 Saint
                 Laurence
                 Chapel
                 is
                 so
                 glorious
                 ,
                 that
                 who
                 enters
                 must
                 imagine
                 himself
                 in
                 some
                 place
                 above
                 terrestrial
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 overlayed
                 with
                 fine
                 polisht
                 Stones
                 ,
                 of
                 all
                 colours
                 upon
                 Earth
                 dugg
                 up
                 within
                 the
                 Dukes
                 Territories
                 ,
                 t
                 was
                 built
                 by
                 
                   Cosmo
                   Medici
                
                 ,
                 and
                 in
                 the
                 midst
                 of
                 this
                 Church
                 stands
                 his
                 Sepulchre
                 with
                 this
                 Epitaph
                 ,
                 
                   Decreto
                   ,
                   publico
                   ,
                   Patri
                   Patriae
                   ,
                
                 with
                 many
                 other
                 sumptuous
                 tombs
                 ,
                 therein
                 also
                 is
                 a
                 Library
                 (
                 not
                 despicable
                 )
                 founded
                 by
                 Pope
                 Clement
                 the
                 7th
                 ▪
                 the
                 Church
                 
                   Santa
                   Croce
                
                 hath
                 a
                 most
                 stately
                 Pulpit
                 ,
                 in
                 it
                 is
                 the
                 sumptuous
                 Sepulchre
                 of
                 
                   Leonardo
                   Aretino
                
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Temple
                 of
                 
                   Michael
                   Angelo
                   Bonorota
                
                 ,
                 made
                 by
                 his
                 own
                 hand
                 .
                 Over
                 his
                 Urn
                 stand
                 those
                 three
                 Arts
                 he
                 was
                 so
                 renowned
                 for
                 ;
                 bewailing
                 the
                 loss
                 of
                 their
                 Patron
                 .
                 Herein
                 also
                 is
                 a
                 fayr
                 Organ
                 ,
                 set
                 up
                 at
                 the
                 charge
                 of
                 Cosmus
                 the
                 great
                 Duke
                 ,
                 the
                 very
                 manufacture
                 whereof
                 cost
                 4000.
                 
                 Crowns
                 .
                 The
                 Church
                 
                   Santo
                   Spirito
                
                 ,
                 is
                 built
                 with
                 the
                 strict
                 rules
                 of
                 Architure
                 ,
                 and
                 supported
                 by
                 vast
                 long
                 Columns
                 of
                 Stone
                 ,
                 and
                 hath
                 a
                 fair
                 Cloyster
                 for
                 the
                 Iacobins
                 ,
                 which
                 was
                 painted
                 by
                 the
                 Greeks
                 ,
                 before
                 the
                 Italians
                 knew
                 that
                 Art.
                 The
                 graceful
                 Fabrick
                 of
                 the
                 Monastery
                 of
                 Saint
                 Mark
                 ,
                 hath
                 a
                 gracefull
                 Chapel
                 for
                 the
                 
                   Signori
                   Salviati
                
                 ,
                 wherein
                 is
                 the
                 Tombe
                 of
                 Saint
                 Antonio
                 Arch-Bishop
                 of
                 Florence
                 ,
                 and
                 there
                 one
                 may
                 read
                 this
                 Epitaph
                 of
                 
                   ●…icus
                   Mirandola
                
                 an
                 eminent
                 Scholar
                 .
                 
                   
                     Ioannes
                     jacet
                     hic
                     Mirandula
                     ,
                     caetera
                     n
                     orunt
                  
                   
                     Et
                     Tagus
                     ,
                     &
                     Ganges
                     forsan
                     ,
                     &
                     Antipodes
                     ▪
                  
                
              
               
                 The
                 Annunciade
                 ,
                 is
                 a
                 place
                 of
                 great
                 Devotion
                 ,
                 whither
                 every
                 season
                 resort
                 infinite
                 people
                 to
                 a
                 Madenna
                 ,
                 drawn
                 by
                 the
                 hand
                 of
                 Saint
                 Luke
                 ,
                 t
                 is
                 a
                 magnificent
                 Temple
                 filled
                 with
                 ornaments
                 of
                 Gold
                 and
                 Silver
                 Statues
                 ,
                 gemmes
                 and
                 other
                 rich
                 gifts
                 ,
                 it
                 hath
                 a
                 sumptuous
                 Monastery
                 ,
                 and
                 in
                 it
                 a
                 fair
                 Library
                 and
                 St●…dy
                 .
                 There
                 are
                 many
                 fayr
                 Churches
                 which
                 for
                 brevity
                 sake
                 are
                 omitted
                 .
                 It
                 hath
                 37.
                 
                 Hospitals
                 ,
                 44.
                 
                 Parish
                 Churches
                 ,
                 12
                 Priorates
                 ,
                 54.
                 
                 Monasteries
                 of
                 Nunns
                 ,
                 24.
                 of
                 Fryers
                 ,
                 with
                 other
                 Confraternities
                 of
                 Children
                 in
                 great
                 number
                 ,
                 whence
                 as
                 also
                 from
                 the
                 infinite
                 number
                 of
                 Fryers
                 of
                 all
                 Orders
                 in
                 this
                 City
                 ,
                 we
                 may
                 collect
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 Florentines
                 are
                 more
                 enclined
                 to
                 Religion
                 ,
                 than
                 any
                 other
                 People
                 of
                 Italy
                 .
              
               
                 This
                 renowned
                 Country
                 hath
                 been
                 the
                 Birth-place
                 of
                 many
                 excellent
                 Ingenuities
                 ,
                 who
                 have
                 not
                 onely
                 been
                 a
                 glory
                 to
                 it
                 ,
                 but
                 to
                 all
                 
                 Italy
                 .
                 Some
                 whereof
                 follow
                 Saint
                 Antonio
                 ,
                 Arch-bishop
                 of
                 Florence
                 ,
                 St.
                 
                   Gionan
                   Gualbarto
                
                 ,
                 St.
                 
                   Andrea
                   Carmelitano
                
                 ,
                 St
                 
                   Filippo
                   de
                   Servi
                
                 ,
                 with
                 others
                 ,
                 who
                 have
                 either
                 instituted
                 new
                 Religious
                 Orders
                 ,
                 or
                 reformed
                 the
                 old
                 .
                 Four
                 Popes
                 ,
                 Leon
                 the
                 10th
                 .
                 Clement
                 the
                 7th
                 .
                 Leon
                 the
                 11th
                 .
                 of
                 the
                 Family
                 of
                 the
                 Medici
                 ,
                 and
                 Clement
                 the
                 8th
                 .
                 of
                 the
                 house
                 of
                 Aldobrandini
                 ,
                 with
                 many
                 other
                 Cardinals
                 ,
                 Bishops
                 and
                 other
                 Prelates
                 of
                 the
                 Court
                 of
                 Rome
                 ,
                 many
                 excellent
                 Captains
                 in
                 War
                 ,
                 among
                 them
                 
                   Pietro
                   Strozzi
                
                 ,
                 grand
                 Marshal
                 of
                 France
                 .
                 And
                 infinite
                 Persons
                 excelling
                 in
                 Letters
                 ,
                 as
                 
                   Dante
                   ,
                   Petrarca
                   ,
                   Bocacccio
                   ,
                   Caval●…ante
                   ,
                   Beniviedi
                   ,
                   Politiano
                   ,
                   Crinito
                   ,
                   Ficino
                   ,
                   Palmerio
                   ,
                   Passavanti
                   ,
                   Dino
                   del
                   Garbo
                   ,
                
                 a
                 Physician
                 ,
                 
                   Macchiavel
                   Accucsir
                   ,
                   Glossatori
                   ,
                   Donato
                   Acciaivolo
                   .
                
                 And
                 for
                 Painters
                 ,
                 Sculptors
                 ,
                 and
                 Architectors
                 ,
                 it
                 hath
                 produced
                 so
                 many
                 ,
                 that
                 we
                 may
                 say
                 those
                 Arts
                 are
                 to
                 them
                 proper
                 and
                 connatural
                 .
                 〈◊〉
                 hath
                 two
                 Accademies
                 ,
                 one
                 for
                 Painting
                 ,
                 the
                 other
                 for
                 the
                 vulgar
                 Tongue
                 ,
                 whereof
                 the
                 Florentines
                 are
                 heads
                 and
                 Masters
                 .
                 We
                 must
                 not
                 omit
                 one
                 good
                 Argument
                 of
                 their
                 state
                 Abilities
                 ,
                 which
                 was
                 that
                 at
                 one
                 instant
                 in
                 the
                 time
                 of
                 Pope
                 Boniface
                 the
                 9th
                 .
                 there
                 resided
                 13.
                 
                 Florentines
                 ,
                 as
                 Embassadors
                 from
                 divers
                 Princes
                 at
                 Rome
                 .
                 It
                 hath
                 several
                 noble
                 Families
                 ,
                 whereof
                 some
                 are
                 gone
                 into
                 France
                 ,
                 where
                 they
                 dwell
                 with
                 Titles
                 and
                 Principalities
                 ,
                 others
                 to
                 Venice
                 ,
                 and
                 others
                 to
                 Rome
                 ,
                 who
                 all
                 live
                 in
                 honour
                 .
                 The
                 City
                 contains
                 85.
                 thousand
                 Souls
                 .
              
               
                 For
                 eight
                 miles
                 round
                 about
                 the
                 City
                 ,
                 there
                 seems
                 another
                 Florence
                 so
                 full
                 are
                 the
                 Fields
                 speckled
                 with
                 Country
                 Seats
                 ,
                 some
                 for
                 publick
                 use
                 ,
                 as
                 the
                 sumptuous
                 Monastery
                 called
                 the
                 Abba●…y
                 of
                 Fiesole
                 ,
                 founded
                 by
                 
                   Cosmo
                   Medici
                
                 ,
                 the
                 Monastery
                 of
                 Saint
                 Domenick
                 ,
                 which
                 yet
                 retains
                 the
                 Episcopal
                 Seat
                 ,
                 one
                 walk
                 of
                 Pyne
                 Trees
                 two
                 mile
                 long
                 ,
                 and
                 another
                 of
                 Cipreses
                 leading
                 to
                 Pioggio
                 ,
                 with
                 many
                 more
                 .
                 And
                 others
                 for
                 private
                 as
                 Pratolino
                 ,
                 much
                 spoken
                 of
                 ,
                 which
                 Francesco
                 the
                 great
                 Duke
                 
                 built
                 ,
                 adorning
                 it
                 with
                 Palaces
                 ,
                 Statues
                 ,
                 Pictures
                 ,
                 and
                 Fountains
                 ,
                 so
                 well
                 contrived
                 and
                 disposed
                 that
                 t
                 is
                 worthily
                 esteemed
                 one
                 of
                 the
                 pleasant
                 places
                 of
                 Italy
                 .
              
               
                 Two
                 miles
                 forth
                 of
                 Florence
                 at
                 the
                 Foot
                 of
                 the
                 Apenines
                 ,
                 appears
                 
                 some
                 Footsteps
                 of
                 the
                 ancient
                 City
                 Fiesole
                 ,
                 where
                 formerly
                 the
                 Southsayers
                 ,
                 and
                 fortune
                 tellers
                 inhabited
                 .
                 It
                 was
                 antiently
                 of
                 that
                 power
                 ,
                 that
                 it
                 gave
                 assistance
                 to
                 Stilicone
                 ,
                 the
                 Roman
                 Captain
                 ,
                 for
                 the
                 destruction
                 of
                 the
                 Goths
                 ,
                 whereof
                 were
                 then
                 slain
                 above
                 one
                 hundred
                 thousand
                 .
                 The
                 premises
                 considered
                 ,
                 we
                 may
                 conclude
                 there
                 is
                 no
                 Province
                 in
                 Italy
                 more
                 furnisht
                 with
                 delightfull
                 and
                 well-peopled
                 Cities
                 ,
                 than
                 that
                 of
                 the
                 Great
                 Duke
                 ,
                 whose
                 Ancestors
                 by
                 uniting
                 the
                 States
                 of
                 three
                 Republicks
                 together
                 ,
                 to
                 wit
                 ,
                 
                   Pisa
                   ,
                   Florence
                
                 ,
                 and
                 Siena
                 ,
                 doth
                 now
                 entirely
                 possess
                 all
                 Tuscany
                 ,
                 the
                 nobler
                 part
                 of
                 Italy
                 ,
                 his
                 Revenue
                 exceeds
                 100000.
                 pound
                 
                   sterl
                   .
                   per.
                   Annum
                
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 SCARPERIA
                 .
              
               
                 ON
                 the
                 way
                 which
                 leads
                 to
                 Bologna
                 stands
                 Scarperia
                 ,
                 being
                 16
                 miles
                 from
                 Vlorence
                 ,
                 noted
                 for
                 Knives
                 ,
                 Cizers
                 ,
                 and
                 other
                 such
                 like
                 things
                 ,
                 there
                 made
                 .
                 And
                 among
                 those
                 Mountains
                 lies
                 the
                 most
                 fruitfull
                 Mugello
                 ,
                 Whose
                 Inhabitants
                 ,
                 are
                 called
                 Mugellini
                 .
                 Here
                 Cosmus
                 
                 retreated
                 for
                 his
                 delight
                 ,
                 when
                 he
                 was
                 solemnly
                 styled
                 Duke
                 of
                 Flouence
                 ,
                 commanding
                 a
                 Fort
                 and
                 Palace
                 to
                 be
                 built
                 and
                 environed
                 them
                 within
                 a
                 spatious
                 Wall
                 ,
                 wherein
                 he
                 kept
                 wilde
                 beasts
                 for
                 the
                 Chase.
                 
                 More
                 forwards
                 lies
                 the
                 Way
                 to
                 Faenza
                 ,
                 and
                 Romagna
                 ,
                 near
                 it
                 begins
                 the
                 Cresentino
                 ,
                 contained
                 between
                 the
                 Ronta
                 and
                 Ar●…o
                 ,
                 reaching
                 to
                 Arezzo
                 ,
                 well
                 peopled
                 and
                 very
                 fertile
                 .
                 And
                 from
                 the
                 higest
                 Mountains
                 ,
                 you
                 may
                 look
                 down
                 into
                 the
                 Vally
                 Ombrose
                 where
                 
                   Giovanni
                   Gualberto
                
                 a
                 Florentine
                 ,
                 gave
                 beginning
                 to
                 the
                 Order
                 named
                 
                   Religione
                   di
                   Valle
                   Ambrosa
                
                 ,
                 in
                 the
                 yeer
                 of
                 our
                 Lord
                 1070.
                 and
                 also
                 into
                 Umbria
                 .
              
               
                 On
                 the
                 North-East
                 part
                 lies
                 the
                 Palace
                 Poggio
                 ,
                 of
                 the
                 great
                 Dukes
                 ,
                 a
                 house
                 swarming
                 with
                 Statues
                 ,
                 and
                 rarities
                 ,
                 and
                 a
                 Park
                 for
                 Beasts
                 of
                 Chase
                 ,
                 where
                 is
                 also
                 a
                 Fortezza
                 .
                 And
                 opposite
                 to
                 it
                 lies
                 the
                 noble
                 Castle
                 Prato
                 accounted
                 one
                 of
                 the
                 first
                 four
                 of
                 Italy
                 ,
                 here
                 they
                 make
                 bread
                 white
                 as
                 Snow
                 ,
                 and
                 here
                 they
                 keep
                 with
                 great
                 devotion
                 the
                 Garter
                 of
                 the
                 Virgin
                 Mary
                 ,
                 a
                 little
                 more
                 near
                 the
                 Apenines
                 ,
                 is
                 
                   Monte
                   Murlo
                
                 ,
                 much
                 spoken
                 of
                 for
                 the
                 taking
                 those
                 Florentines
                 ,
                 which
                 fled
                 out
                 of
                 Florence
                 ,
                 and
                 there
                 embodied
                 ,
                 by
                 
                   Alessandro
                   Vitelli
                
                 ,
                 Captain
                 for
                 Cosmus
                 the
                 Duke
                 ,
                 which
                 secured
                 his
                 Principality
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 PISTOIA
                 .
              
               
                 AFter
                 which
                 ,
                 entring
                 a
                 lovely
                 Plain
                 ,
                 you
                 meet
                 the
                 City
                 Pistoia
                 ,
                 twenty
                 miles
                 off
                 Florence
                 ,
                 which
                 though
                 little
                 ,
                 is
                 neatly
                 compact
                 and
                 rich
                 ,
                 and
                 would
                 have
                 been
                 better
                 ,
                 had
                 it
                 not
                 much
                 groned
                 under
                 the
                 factions
                 of
                 its
                 own
                 Citizens
                 .
                 Twenty
                 miles
                 of
                 Pistoia
                 stands
                 Lucca
                 ,
                 which
                 governs
                 it self
                 in
                 Liberty
                 ,
                 and
                 by
                 the
                 strength
                 of
                 its
                 Wall
                 ,
                 the
                 Richness
                 of
                 Trade
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Industry
                 of
                 its
                 own
                 Citizens
                 ,
                 maintains
                 it self
                 well
                 with
                 all
                 things
                 necessary
                 ,
                 t
                 is
                 an
                 antient
                 City
                 ,
                 and
                 was
                 made
                 a
                 Colony
                 of
                 the
                 
                   Romans
                   .
                   Desiderius
                
                 the
                 King
                 built
                 its
                 strong
                 Walls
                 which
                 with
                 its
                 site
                 enabled
                 it
                 to
                 endure
                 a
                 six
                 moneths
                 siege
                 by
                 Narsetes
                 ;
                 towards
                 the
                 Sea
                 ,
                 stand
                 yet
                 the
                 footsteps
                 of
                 the
                 Temple
                 of
                 Hercules
                 ,
                 the
                 River
                 Serchio
                 ,
                 runs
                 close
                 by
                 Lucca
                 ,
                 whence
                 the
                 famous
                 baths
                 of
                 Italy
                 are
                 ten
                 miles
                 distant
                 .
                 
              
               
                 Out
                 of
                 Florence
                 towards
                 the
                 West
                 in
                 that
                 spatious
                 Plain
                 ,
                 stands
                 the
                 Castles
                 Empoli
                 ,
                 and
                 Fucecchio
                 ,
                 there
                 is
                 also
                 a
                 Lake
                 of
                 that
                 name
                 ,
                 as
                 also
                 
                   San
                   Miniato
                   al
                   Todesco
                
                 so
                 called
                 for
                 that
                 t
                 was
                 built
                 by
                 certain
                 Germans
                 under
                 Desiderius
                 their
                 King
                 ,
              
            
             
               
                 PISA
                 .
              
               
                 COasting
                 the
                 River
                 Arno
                 ,
                 you
                 attain
                 Pisa
                 ,
                 an
                 antient
                 City
                 built
                 long
                 before
                 Rome
                 by
                 the
                 Grecians
                 ,
                 and
                 was
                 one
                 of
                 the
                 12
                 Cities
                 of
                 Tuscany
                 ,
                 it
                 was
                 powerfull
                 at
                 Sea
                 ,
                 and
                 obtained
                 many
                 victories
                 against
                 the
                 Genovesi
                 ,
                 it
                 subdued
                 Cartagine
                 ,
                 conquered
                 the
                 Island
                 of
                 Sardegna
                 ,
                 and
                 delivered
                 its
                 King
                 Prisoner
                 to
                 the
                 Pope
                 .
                 It
                 recovered
                 Palermo
                 in
                 Sicilia
                 out
                 of
                 the
                 hands
                 of
                 the
                 Sarazens
                 who
                 had
                 long
                 enjoyed
                 it
                 ,
                 it
                 slew
                 the
                 Sarazen
                 King
                 of
                 Majorca
                 .
                 It
                 sent
                 40
                 Galleys
                 in
                 assistance
                 to
                 Almerico
                 ,
                 King
                 of
                 Ierusalem
                 ,
                 against
                 the
                 Sarazens
                 ,
                 who
                 possessed
                 Alexandria
                 .
                 It
                 greatly
                 assisted
                 the
                 Popes
                 in
                 their
                 adversity
                 .
                 It
                 was
                 so
                 potent
                 ,
                 happy
                 ,
                 and
                 rich
                 ,
                 that
                 Saint
                 Thomaso
                 treating
                 of
                 the
                 four
                 things
                 ,
                 reckons
                 it
                 among
                 the
                 four
                 most
                 potent
                 Cities
                 of
                 Italy
                 .
                 But
                 from
                 that
                 time
                 that
                 at
                 the
                 instance
                 and
                 request
                 of
                 
                   Frederick
                   Barbarossa
                
                 ,
                 it
                 captivated
                 so
                 many
                 Prelates
                 of
                 the
                 Romi●…h
                 Church
                 ,
                 &
                 two
                 Cardinals
                 which
                 came
                 from
                 France
                 to
                 the
                 Lateranian
                 Council
                 ,
                 it
                 only
                 decayed
                 
                 from
                 bad
                 to
                 worse
                 ,
                 till
                 it
                 lost
                 Liberty
                 and
                 Power
                 ,
                 yet
                 in
                 process
                 of
                 time
                 by
                 the
                 residence
                 of
                 the
                 Knights
                 of
                 
                   S.
                   Stefano
                
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 University
                 ,
                 it
                 recovered
                 and
                 still
                 preserves
                 the
                 Countenance
                 of
                 an
                 honourable
                 City
                 ,
                 Plato
                 will
                 have
                 it
                 well
                 situated
                 ,
                 being
                 four
                 miles
                 then
                 (
                 now
                 eight
                 )
                 from
                 the
                 Sea
                 ,
                 so
                 that
                 t
                 is
                 not
                 placed
                 upon
                 the
                 Sea
                 shore
                 ,
                 but
                 near
                 it
                 ,
                 not
                 upon
                 the
                 Mountains
                 but
                 near
                 them
                 ,
                 in
                 a
                 Plain
                 just
                 so
                 divided
                 from
                 the
                 royal
                 River
                 Arno
                 ,
                 as
                 Plato
                 fancies
                 his
                 City
                 .
                 T
                 is
                 endowed
                 with
                 four
                 things
                 which
                 create
                 wonder
                 ,
                 the
                 Church
                 of
                 Saint
                 Iohn
                 ,
                 the
                 Domo
                 ,
                 the
                 Steeple
                 ,
                 and
                 
                   ●…ampo
                   Santo
                
                 ,
                 which
                 was
                 raised
                 with
                 that
                 very
                 holy
                 Earth
                 ,
                 which
                 they
                 brought
                 home
                 in
                 their
                 Galleys
                 ,
                 when
                 50
                 of
                 them
                 were
                 sent
                 to
                 assist
                 the
                 Emperor
                 in
                 the
                 recovery
                 of
                 the
                 holy
                 Land.
                 On
                 one
                 side
                 of
                 it
                 lies
                 Lucca
                 ,
                 on
                 the
                 other
                 Livorgeo
                 ,
                 or
                 Ligorne
                 .
                 T
                 was
                 destroyed
                 by
                 the
                 Florentines
                 ,
                 in
                 the
                 yeer
                 1509.
                 
              
               
                 Intending
                 from
                 Florence
                 to
                 Siena
                 ,
                 you
                 must
                 go
                 out
                 at
                 the
                 
                   Porta
                   Romana
                
                 ,
                 through
                 which
                 Charles
                 the
                 fifth
                 entred
                 after
                 his
                 Victory
                 in
                 Africk
                 ,
                 and
                 so
                 passing
                 by
                 the
                 Monastery
                 Certosini
                 ,
                 attain
                 
                   Cassano
                   ,
                   Tavernelli
                
                 ,
                 and
                 Staggia
                 ,
                 by
                 a
                 direct
                 way
                 ,
                 having
                 pleasant
                 hills
                 and
                 fruitfull
                 Valleys
                 ,
                 on
                 each
                 side
                 .
                 In
                 the
                 way
                 appears
                 the
                 Castle
                 Certaldo
                 ,
                 the
                 Birth-place
                 of
                 
                   Giovani
                   Boccaccio
                
                 ,
                 the
                 Prince
                 of
                 Tuscan
                 Poets
                 ,
                 who
                 dyed
                 in
                 the
                 62.
                 yeer
                 of
                 his
                 Age
                 in
                 the
                 yeer
                 of
                 our
                 Lord
                 1375.
                 and
                 was
                 interred
                 in
                 a
                 Marble
                 Tombe
                 in
                 the
                 Domo
                 of
                 Certaldo
                 with
                 this
                 Epitaph
                 .
                 
                   
                     Hac
                     sub
                     mole
                     jacent
                     cineres
                     ,
                     ac
                     ossa
                     Ioannis
                     .
                  
                   
                     Mens
                     sedet
                     ante
                     Deum
                     meritis
                     ornata
                     laborum
                  
                   
                     Mortalis
                     vitae
                     genitor
                     Boccac●…ius
                     ●…lli
                  
                   
                     Patria
                     Certaldum
                     ,
                     studium
                     fuit
                     alma
                     Poesis
                     .
                  
                
              
               
                 Somewhat
                 further
                 stands
                 the
                 Bourg
                 Saint
                 Geminiano
                 ,
                 famous
                 for
                 its
                 good
                 wine
                 Vernace
                 .
                 T
                 is
                 adorned
                 with
                 fair
                 Churches
                 ,
                 noble
                 Palaces
                 ,
                 illustrious
                 persons
                 ,
                 and
                 a
                 gentle
                 people
                 ,
                 built
                 by
                 Desiderius
                 King
                 of
                 the
                 Longobardi
                 .
                 Westward
                 from
                 which
                 lies
                 the
                 antique
                 City
                 Volterra
                 ,
                 which
                 was
                 founded
                 100.
                 yeers
                 before
                 the
                 firing
                 of
                 Troy
                 ,
                 and
                 500.
                 before
                 the
                 building
                 of
                 Rome
                 ,
                 t
                 is
                 built
                 on
                 a
                 hill
                 ,
                 the
                 ascent
                 to
                 whose
                 top
                 is
                 3
                 miles
                 ,
                 its
                 Walls
                 are
                 of
                 squared
                 stones
                 ,
                 6
                 foot
                 long
                 ,
                 layed
                 &
                 cemented
                 without
                 Mortar
                 ,
                 It
                 hath
                 five
                 gates
                 &
                 before
                 each
                 a
                 Fountain
                 of
                 clear
                 water
                 &
                 within
                 them
                 two
                 other
                 stately
                 Fountains
                 with
                 many
                 antiēt
                 statues
                 &
                 on
                 thē
                 old
                 Epitaphs
                 ,
                 it
                 hath
                 a
                 rich
                 Territory
                 ,
                 is
                 subject
                 to
                 the
                 great
                 Duke
                 ,
                 it
                 produced
                 Persio
                 the
                 poet
                 ,
                 and
                 divers
                 other
                 wits
                 ,
                 beyond
                 it
                 lies
                 the
                 Sea.
                 On
                 its
                 left
                 hand
                 lies
                 Ancis●…
                 the
                 Country
                 of
                 St.
                 Francis
                 the
                 Patriark
                 ,
                 Fighine
                 and
                 other
                 good
                 places
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 AREZZO
                 .
              
               
                 TRavailing
                 towards
                 the
                 East
                 ,
                 you
                 meet
                 Arezzo
                 ,
                 accounted
                 one
                 of
                 the
                 antient
                 twelve
                 .
                 The
                 Aretines
                 contributed
                 30000.
                 
                 Crowns
                 as
                 many
                 Celades
                 with
                 other
                 Kinds
                 of
                 Weapons
                 to
                 the
                 Romans
                 ,
                 and
                 120000.
                 bushels
                 of
                 Wheat
                 to
                 furnish
                 the
                 Armada
                 of
                 40
                 Galleys
                 ,
                 which
                 was
                 to
                 convoy
                 Scipio
                 against
                 the
                 Carthaginians
                 .
                 It
                 hath
                 suffered
                 many
                 and
                 many
                 calamities
                 ,
                 but
                 with
                 the
                 government
                 of
                 Cosmus
                 the
                 great
                 Duke
                 ,
                 it
                 began
                 to
                 take
                 breath
                 and
                 restore
                 it self
                 .
                 Pliny
                 saies
                 their
                 Vessels
                 of
                 Earth
                 were
                 in
                 his
                 time
                 esteemed
                 the
                 best
                 of
                 
                   Italy
                   .
                   San
                   Donato
                
                 its
                 Bishop
                 was
                 there
                 Martyred
                 in
                 the
                 time
                 of
                 Valentinian
                 the
                 Emperor
                 ,
                 who
                 baptized
                 
                   L.
                   Zembio
                
                 the
                 Tribune
                 ,
                 and
                 then
                 endowed
                 
                 the
                 Church
                 of
                 Arezzo
                 wherein
                 lies
                 buried
                 
                   S.
                   Loren●…o
                
                 and
                 Pellegrino
                 ,
                 brothers
                 and
                 Martyrs
                 ,
                 and
                 Gregory
                 the
                 10th
                 .
                 chief
                 Bishop
                 ;
                 the
                 house
                 of
                 Petrark
                 ,
                 is
                 yet
                 to
                 be
                 seen
                 ;
                 there
                 begins
                 the
                 State
                 of
                 the
                 
                 Church
                 .
                 On
                 the
                 direct
                 way
                 to
                 Siena
                 ,
                 stands
                 Poggibonzi
                 ,
                 a
                 place
                 noted
                 for
                 the
                 perfumed
                 Tobacco
                 composed
                 there
                 ,
                 which
                 the
                 Italians
                 take
                 as
                 profusely
                 in
                 powder
                 as
                 the
                 English
                 in
                 pipes
                 ,
                 as
                 also
                 Ascia
                 ,
                 and
                 near
                 it
                 Siena
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 SIENA
                 Paolo
                 V.
                 
              
               
                 THis
                 City
                 was
                 named
                 Siena
                 ,
                 from
                 the
                 
                   Galli
                   Senoni
                
                 ,
                 who
                 resided
                 there
                 under
                 Brennus
                 their
                 Captain
                 ,
                 and
                 built
                 it
                 on
                 the
                 back
                 of
                 the
                 hill
                 Tuffo
                 ,
                 t
                 was
                 made
                 a
                 Colony
                 by
                 the
                 Romans
                 ,
                 and
                 afterwards
                 underwent
                 the
                 same
                 misery
                 with
                 the
                 other
                 Cities
                 of
                 Tuscanie
                 ,
                 In
                 process
                 of
                 time
                 it
                 recovered
                 liberty
                 ,
                 and
                 therewith
                 its
                 former
                 emulation
                 with
                 Florence
                 ,
                 against
                 whom
                 it
                 fought
                 and
                 obtained
                 a
                 glorious
                 victory
                 ,
                 after
                 which
                 it
                 became
                 subject
                 to
                 the
                 Petrarci
                 ,
                 it
                 s
                 own
                 Citizens
                 ,
                 whome
                 discarding
                 it
                 continued
                 a
                 free
                 State
                 till
                 the
                 yeer
                 1555.
                 when
                 the
                 great
                 Duke
                 recovered
                 it
                 .
                 It
                 s
                 ayr
                 is
                 very
                 good
                 and
                 wholesome
                 .
                 Its
                 Inhabitants
                 very
                 courteous
                 ,
                 who
                 profess
                 and
                 speak
                 the
                 purity
                 of
                 the
                 Italian
                 Language
                 .
                 without
                 the
                 
                   Porta
                   Romana
                
                 ,
                 the
                 City
                 appears
                 with
                 a
                 great
                 deal
                 of
                 Majesty
                 ,
                 being
                 beautifyed
                 by
                 the
                 many
                 Towers
                 raised
                 in
                 honour
                 of
                 such
                 persons
                 as
                 performed
                 some
                 eminent
                 service
                 for
                 the
                 Common
                 ▪
                 Wealth
                 ,
                 among
                 these
                 Towers
                 (
                 which
                 yet
                 retein
                 the
                 memory
                 of
                 its
                 former
                 freedome
                 )
                 that
                 of
                 Mangio
                 ,
                 surpasseth
                 for
                 heighth
                 ,
                 which
                 though
                 founded
                 in
                 the
                 bottom
                 of
                 the
                 Piazza
                 out
                 tops
                 all
                 the
                 City
                 ,
                 and
                 serves
                 for
                 a
                 Clock-house
                 ;
                 from
                 its
                 top
                 is
                 an
                 incomparable
                 prospect
                 to
                 the
                 confines
                 of
                 Tuscany
                 ;
                 at
                 the
                 foot
                 of
                 this
                 hideous
                 structure
                 is
                 a
                 Marble
                 Chapel
                 to
                 which
                 adjoyns
                 the
                 Senate
                 house
                 built
                 by
                 the
                 Goths
                 ,
                 at
                 one
                 end
                 whereof
                 stands
                 a
                 column
                 bearing
                 Remus
                 and
                 Romulus
                 sucking
                 a
                 Wolfe
                 in
                 Brass
                 ,
                 the
                 Arms
                 of
                 this
                 City
                 :
                 Its
                 Piazza
                 lies
                 in
                 the
                 heart
                 of
                 the
                 City
                 ,
                 so
                 formed
                 ,
                 that
                 whosoever
                 passeth
                 over
                 it
                 must
                 be
                 seen
                 by
                 all
                 :
                 In
                 the
                 midst
                 of
                 it
                 is
                 a
                 Marble
                 Fountain
                 whence
                 issues
                 sweet
                 Water
                 out
                 of
                 the
                 Wolves
                 mouth
                 :
                 The
                 whole
                 City
                 is
                 paved
                 with
                 Brick
                 :
                 The
                 houses
                 are
                 for
                 the
                 most
                 part
                 built
                 of
                 Brick
                 
                   alla
                   Moder●…a
                
                 ,
                 the
                 chiefest
                 is
                 that
                 proud
                 Palace
                 built
                 of
                 squared
                 stones
                 by
                 the
                 Pope
                 Pius
                 the
                 second
                 and
                 the
                 Arch-Bishop
                 ,
                 who
                 is
                 of
                 the
                 Family
                 of
                 the
                 Picolomenies
                 ,
              
               
                 Among
                 its
                 Churches
                 the
                 Domo
                 dedicated
                 to
                 the
                 Virgin
                 Mary
                 is
                 worth
                 noting
                 ,
                 for
                 though
                 in
                 comparison
                 of
                 others
                 in
                 Italy
                 it
                 be
                 but
                 small
                 ,
                 yet
                 for
                 the
                 pains
                 and
                 charges
                 which
                 it
                 must
                 have
                 cost
                 ,
                 t
                 is
                 inferiour
                 to
                 none
                 ,
                 being
                 both
                 without
                 and
                 within
                 of
                 black
                 and
                 white
                 Marble
                 .
                 The
                 Facade
                 is
                 admirably
                 garnished
                 with
                 Statues
                 ,
                 about
                 the
                 inside
                 are
                 the
                 heads
                 of
                 all
                 the
                 Popes
                 .
                 The
                 Pulpit
                 is
                 an
                 unparalleled
                 piece
                 ,
                 beset
                 with
                 figures
                 of
                 Marble
                 ;
                 but
                 its
                 singularity●…
                 lies
                 in
                 the
                 Pavement
                 ,
                 wherein
                 many
                 parts
                 of
                 the
                 sacred
                 history
                 are
                 so
                 lively
                 represented
                 in
                 several
                 colours
                 of
                 Marble
                 ,
                 that
                 no
                 pencil
                 can
                 come
                 near
                 it
                 ,
                 though
                 many
                 Masters
                 take
                 pattern
                 from
                 those
                 figures
                 in
                 stones
                 :
                 In
                 it
                 is
                 a
                 Chapel
                 ,
                 wherein
                 is
                 kept
                 the
                 Arm
                 of
                 Saint
                 Iohn
                 Baptist
                 given
                 to
                 a
                 Pope
                 by
                 the
                 King
                 of
                 Pelopo●…esus
                 .
              
               
                 In
                 the
                 royal
                 Church
                 of
                 Saint
                 Domeni●…k
                 in
                 
                   Campo
                   Regio
                
                 ,
                 is
                 kept
                 the
                 head
                 of
                 
                   Santa
                   Caterina
                
                 of
                 Siena
                 ,
                 and
                 many
                 Bodies
                 of
                 Saints
                 ,
                 and
                 near
                 
                 to
                 it
                 stands
                 the
                 Hospital
                 where
                 Pilgrims
                 may
                 have
                 their
                 full
                 refreshment
                 for
                 several
                 daies
                 ,
                 wherein
                 is
                 remarkeable
                 the
                 diligence
                 of
                 the
                 Attendants
                 ,
                 in
                 satisfying
                 the
                 Appetites
                 &
                 necessities
                 of
                 the
                 poor
                 and
                 infirm
                 ;
                 in
                 the
                 Chapel
                 lies
                 the
                 Founder
                 
                   B.
                   Susorius
                
                 ,
                 as
                 yet
                 uncorrupted
                 though
                 ninehundred
                 yeers
                 since
                 he
                 dyed
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Walls
                 of
                 Siena
                 are
                 of
                 an
                 exceeding
                 compass
                 yet
                 but
                 slight
                 stocked
                 with
                 caper
                 Trees
                 ,
                 that
                 Fruit
                 growing
                 best
                 in
                 Morter
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 City
                 was
                 reduced
                 to
                 the
                 Faith
                 of
                 Christ
                 by
                 
                   S.
                   Ansano
                
                 a
                 Roman
                 Citizen
                 ,
                 who
                 was
                 afterwards
                 beheaded
                 ;
                 It
                 particularly
                 hath
                 a
                 great
                 devotion
                 to
                 
                   Santa
                   Maria
                
                 the
                 Mother
                 of
                 God
                 ,
                 as
                 appears
                 by
                 the
                 Motto
                 round
                 their
                 Common
                 Seal
                 .
                 
                   Salve
                   Virgo
                   ,
                   Senam
                   Veterum
                   ,
                   quae
                   cernis
                   amaenam
                   .
                
              
               
                 Many
                 illustrious
                 Men
                 hath
                 this
                 City
                 afforded
                 ,
                 as
                 Saint
                 Bernard
                 the
                 restorer
                 of
                 the
                 Order
                 of
                 Minorites
                 ,
                 the
                 blessed
                 
                   Giovanni
                   Colombino
                
                 first
                 Institutor
                 of
                 the
                 Jesuites
                 Order
                 ,
                 Saint
                 
                   Ambrogio
                   de'Bianconi
                
                 ,
                 the
                 Institutor
                 of
                 the
                 Canons
                 Regulars
                 and
                 of
                 the
                 Monks
                 of
                 Mount
                 Olivet
                 .
                 Four
                 Popes
                 ,
                 as
                 Alexander
                 the
                 third
                 ,
                 who
                 by
                 his
                 pious
                 life
                 and
                 exceeding
                 patience
                 overcame
                 four
                 Anti-Popes
                 ,
                 set
                 up
                 against
                 him
                 by
                 
                   Frederick
                   Barbarossa
                   ,
                   Pius
                
                 the
                 first
                 ,
                 and
                 Pius
                 the
                 second
                 of
                 the
                 Family
                 Picolomini
                 ,
                 and
                 
                   Paolo
                   Quinto
                
                 of
                 the
                 Borghesi
                 ,
                 with
                 many
                 Cardinals
                 ,
                 Bishops
                 ,
                 Prelates
                 ,
                 and
                 Doctors
                 ,
                 in
                 all
                 the
                 Sciences
                 most
                 famous
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Countrey
                 about
                 Siena
                 is
                 filled
                 with
                 all
                 sorts
                 of
                 great
                 Chase
                 ,
                 so
                 that
                 Wilde
                 Bore
                 and
                 other
                 Venison
                 in
                 its
                 season
                 is
                 commonly
                 sold
                 in
                 Butchers
                 shops
                 .
                 It
                 s
                 Territory
                 is
                 very
                 pleasant
                 and
                 fruitfull
                 ,
                 and
                 in
                 a
                 word
                 the
                 City
                 is
                 one
                 of
                 the
                 principal
                 in
                 
                   Italy
                   ▪
                
              
               
                 On
                 the
                 left
                 hand
                 at
                 twelve
                 miles
                 distance
                 Mount
                 Oliveto
                 discovers
                 
                 it self
                 ,
                 much
                 spoken
                 of
                 for
                 the
                 order
                 of
                 white
                 Fryers
                 of
                 Oliveto
                 taking
                 its
                 ri●…e
                 there
                 ,
                 whereon
                 is
                 built
                 a
                 sumptuous
                 Abbacy
                 ,
                 and
                 therein
                 dwell
                 a
                 vast
                 number
                 of
                 Monks
                 devoted
                 to
                 the
                 service
                 of
                 God
                 ,
                 whence
                 (
                 the
                 river
                 also
                 being
                 past
                 )
                 you
                 finde
                 
                   San
                   Querico
                
                 ,
                 so
                 called
                 from
                 a
                 Church
                 dedicated
                 to
                 that
                 Saint
                 ,
                 and
                 Radicofano
                 ,
                 where
                 Desiderius
                 
                 King
                 of
                 the
                 Longobardi
                 built
                 a
                 strong
                 Fort
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 great
                 Duke
                 another
                 ,
                 to
                 whom
                 they
                 are
                 now
                 subject
                 ;
                 here
                 ends
                 the
                 patrimony
                 which
                 the
                 Countess
                 Matilda
                 consigned
                 the
                 Church
                 ,
                 whereof
                 Viterbo
                 is
                 head
                 .
                 Between
                 
                   San
                   Quirico
                
                 and
                 the
                 Banks
                 of
                 the
                 River
                 Orica
                 ,
                 stands
                 the
                 City
                 Pienza
                 ,
                 the
                 Countrey
                 of
                 Pope
                 Pius
                 the
                 second
                 ,
                 and
                 so
                 calbed
                 
                 from
                 his
                 name
                 .
                 Further
                 upon
                 a
                 high
                 and
                 rough
                 Mountain
                 stands
                 Chiusi
                 ,
                 one
                 of
                 the
                 twelve
                 Cities
                 of
                 Tuscany
                 ,
                 where
                 Porsenna
                 King
                 
                 of
                 the
                 Tuscans
                 ,
                 was
                 buried
                 ,
                 who
                 there
                 built
                 a
                 Labyrinth
                 ,
                 wherein
                 who
                 entred
                 without
                 a
                 clew
                 of
                 thread
                 ,
                 was
                 certainly
                 buried
                 ;
                 at
                 present
                 this
                 City
                 is
                 depopulated
                 .
                 
              
               
                 Somewhat
                 farther
                 towards
                 the
                 North
                 is
                 
                   Monte
                   Pulciano
                
                 ,
                 a
                 City
                 not
                 very
                 antient
                 ,
                 but
                 populous
                 and
                 rich
                 ;
                 seated
                 in
                 a
                 delightfull
                 Country
                 abounding
                 with
                 all
                 things
                 desireable
                 .
                 It
                 gave
                 birth
                 to
                 Marcellus
                 the
                 second
                 chief
                 Roman
                 Bishop
                 ,
                 and
                 Cardinal
                 Bellarmine
                 ,
                 who
                 wrote
                 acutely
                 upon
                 the
                 disputed
                 controversies
                 of
                 all
                 the
                 Heresies
                 ;
                 beyond
                 which
                 are
                 many
                 delightfull
                 places
                 ▪
              
               
                 On
                 the
                 other
                 side
                 of
                 the
                 Road
                 which
                 goes
                 from
                 Quirico
                 near
                 the
                 River
                 Arbia
                 ,
                 are
                 the
                 Baths
                 of
                 Petriolo
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 mouth
                 of
                 the
                 River
                 Asso
                 ,
                 near
                 which
                 are
                 many
                 fayr
                 Bourgs
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Maremma
                 of
                 Siena
                 ,
                 
                 wherein
                 is
                 the
                 City
                 Grossetto
                 ,
                 in
                 the
                 Jurisdiction
                 of
                 Siena
                 ,
                 well
                 fortified
                 
                 by
                 the
                 great
                 Duke
                 ,
                 and
                 Montamata
                 ,
                 where
                 are
                 great
                 plenty
                 of
                 Acorns
                 ,
                 and
                 grain
                 to
                 dy
                 Scarlet
                 ;
                 under
                 these
                 Mountains
                 lies
                 the
                 Bourg
                 
                   Santo
                   Fiore
                
                 ,
                 much
                 honoured
                 by
                 the
                 illustrious
                 house
                 of
                 the
                 Sforzaes
                 ,
                 where
                 they
                 have
                 a
                 Stately
                 Palace
                 ,
                 together
                 with
                 large
                 possessions
                 and
                 Lands
                 for
                 hunting
                 and
                 other
                 pastimes
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Traveller
                 is
                 many
                 times
                 obliged
                 to
                 pass
                 the
                 River
                 Paglia
                 in
                 this
                 Journey
                 ,
                 which
                 sometimes
                 is
                 dangerous
                 ,
                 on
                 the
                 other
                 side
                 of
                 which
                 lies
                 Aquapendente
                 ,
                 (
                 so
                 called
                 from
                 its
                 site
                 ,
                 on
                 the
                 hanging
                 of
                 a
                 hill
                 ,
                 and
                 by
                 it
                 runs
                 a
                 rapid
                 stream
                 )
                 
                   San
                   Lorenzo
                
                 ,
                 and
                 Bolsena
                 a
                 good
                 Town
                 built
                 
                 out
                 of
                 the
                 ruines
                 of
                 the
                 antient
                 City
                 named
                 
                   Urbs
                   vulfimensium
                
                 ,
                 then
                 accounted
                 one
                 of
                 the
                 twelve
                 chief
                 ones
                 of
                 Etruria
                 .
                 It
                 s
                 Territory
                 is
                 very
                 fertile
                 ,
                 as
                 may
                 appear
                 by
                 the
                 Olive
                 Trees
                 bearing
                 in
                 the
                 first
                 yeer
                 planting
                 according
                 to
                 Pliny
                 :
                 Here
                 they
                 reverenced
                 the
                 Body
                 of
                 the
                 Virgin
                 
                   San
                   Christina
                
                 ,
                 who
                 being
                 cast
                 into
                 the
                 Paglia
                 ,
                 for
                 the
                 faith
                 ,
                 thence
                 returned
                 without
                 the
                 least
                 hurt
                 ,
                 leaving
                 the
                 track
                 and
                 impression
                 of
                 her
                 Foot
                 on
                 the
                 ground
                 ,
                 which
                 appears
                 to
                 this
                 day
                 ;
                 here
                 also
                 happened
                 the
                 great
                 miracle
                 of
                 the
                 consecrated
                 hoast
                 ,
                 which
                 being
                 in
                 the
                 hands
                 of
                 the
                 Priest
                 ,
                 (
                 who
                 doubted
                 the
                 truth
                 of
                 it
                 )
                 of
                 a
                 suddain
                 bled
                 extreamly
                 ,
                 and
                 so
                 all
                 bloody
                 was
                 carried
                 to
                 Orvieto
                 ,
                 where
                 with
                 great
                 honour
                 t
                 is
                 preserved
                 in
                 the
                 Domo
                 ;
                 in
                 the
                 River
                 is
                 an
                 Island
                 delightsome
                 and
                 fertile
                 ,
                 and
                 a
                 little
                 Church
                 Mauseolum
                 or
                 burying
                 place
                 of
                 the
                 Farnesi
                 ;
                 here
                 the
                 prudent
                 and
                 religious
                 Queen
                 
                   Amala
                   sunta
                
                 was
                 wickedly
                 slain
                 ,
                 at
                 the
                 command
                 of
                 Theodato
                 King
                 of
                 the
                 Ostrogoths
                 ,
                 whose
                 gravity
                 and
                 sweetness
                 of
                 speech
                 was
                 such
                 ,
                 that
                 arguing
                 with
                 condemned
                 persons
                 on
                 death
                 ,
                 she
                 so
                 much
                 convinced
                 them
                 of
                 the
                 good
                 ,
                 that
                 they
                 little
                 feared
                 the
                 punishment
                 of
                 it
                 .
              
               
                 On
                 the
                 left
                 side
                 of
                 the
                 said
                 Lake
                 is
                 
                   Orvieto
                   ,
                   Cagnarea
                
                 ,
                 and
                 Tevere
                 all
                 Cities
                 .
                 On
                 the
                 right
                 the
                 City
                 Soana
                 ,
                 the
                 birth
                 place
                 of
                 Pope
                 
                 Gregory
                 the
                 7th
                 .
                 at
                 present
                 almost
                 uninhabited
                 ,
                 Petigliano
                 ,
                 and
                 Farneso
                 ,
                 appertainning
                 to
                 the
                 noble
                 Family
                 of
                 Farnesi
                 in
                 Rome
                 ;
                 somewhat
                 further
                 is
                 the
                 City
                 Castro
                 ,
                 of
                 the
                 said
                 Farnesies
                 ,
                 so
                 surrounded
                 with
                 Rocks
                 and
                 Cavernes
                 ,
                 that
                 it
                 appears
                 to
                 the
                 Enterers
                 rather
                 an
                 obscure
                 
                 Den
                 for
                 wilde
                 beasts
                 ,
                 than
                 habitations
                 for
                 Men.
                 
              
               
                 From
                 whence
                 walking
                 towards
                 the
                 Sea
                 ,
                 you
                 finde
                 
                   Orbello
                   ,
                   Talamoni
                
                 ,
                 
                 
                   Monte
                   Argentaro
                   ,
                   and
                   Port
                   Ercole
                   ,
                
                 all
                 stately
                 places
                 subject
                 to
                 the
                 King
                 of
                 Spain
                 .
                 On
                 whose
                 right-hand
                 they
                 shew
                 the
                 noble
                 Castle
                 Tuscanello
                 ,
                 
                 subject
                 to
                 the
                 See
                 of
                 Rome
                 ,
                 so
                 antient
                 ,
                 that
                 (
                 if
                 it
                 be
                 permitted
                 to
                 beleeve
                 them
                 )
                 they
                 say
                 it
                 was
                 built
                 by
                 Askanius
                 Son
                 of
                 Eneas
                 ,
                 and
                 upon
                 one
                 of
                 the
                 ports
                 appears
                 an
                 old
                 Marble
                 with
                 an
                 Epitaph
                 carved
                 thereon
                 ,
                 shewing
                 his
                 Original
                 and
                 descent
                 .
                 As
                 also
                 the
                 City
                 Cornetto
                 ,
                 
                 by
                 the
                 antient
                 Tuscans
                 dedicated
                 to
                 Pan
                 ,
                 whose
                 stately
                 antique
                 Walls
                 ,
                 shew
                 it
                 to
                 have
                 been
                 an
                 honourable
                 City
                 ;
                 Pope
                 Gregory
                 the
                 fifth
                 was
                 born
                 there
                 ,
                 
                   Giovanni
                   Vitalesco
                
                 a
                 Cardinal
                 ,
                 and
                 Father
                 Mutio
                 a
                 Jesuite
                 ,
                 with
                 many
                 other
                 famous
                 Men
                 ;
                 seaven
                 miles
                 off
                 Cornetto
                 stands
                 
                   Civita
                   Vecchia
                
                 on
                 the
                 Sea
                 shore
                 ,
                 a
                 fortified
                 Port.
                 
              
               
                 On
                 the
                 left
                 hand
                 of
                 the
                 
                   Via
                   Regia
                
                 ,
                 lies
                 Horti
                 ,
                 an
                 antient
                 City
                 which
                 is
                 
                 the
                 Tuscan
                 boundarie
                 .
              
               
                 Further
                 off
                 is
                 Tevere
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Lake
                 Basanello
                 ,
                 in
                 Latine
                 ,
                 
                   Lacus
                   Vadimonis
                
                 ,
                 and
                 hereabouts
                 stands
                 
                   Bassanello
                   Castello
                   ,
                   Magliano
                   ,
                   Civita
                   Castellana
                   ,
                   Galese
                   ,
                
                 and
                 the
                 
                   Via
                   Flaminia
                
                 ,
                 which
                 leads
                 from
                 Rimini
                 to
                 Rome
                 .
              
               
               
                 In
                 the
                 way
                 from
                 Bolsena
                 to
                 Rome
                 ,
                 is
                 the
                 Grove
                 
                   Monte
                   Fiascone
                
                 ,
                 where
                 the
                 Antients
                 with
                 great
                 ceremony
                 and
                 solemnity
                 were
                 wont
                 to
                 sacrifice
                 to
                 the
                 Goddess
                 Gi●…one
                 ,
                 near
                 which
                 stands
                 the
                 old
                 City
                 
                   Mionte
                   Fiascome
                
                 ,
                 which
                 was
                 a
                 long
                 time
                 besieged
                 by
                 Camillus
                 ,
                 who
                 was
                 not
                 able
                 to
                 reduce
                 it
                 ,
                 for
                 the
                 strength
                 of
                 its
                 site
                 .
                 It
                 s
                 Territory
                 yeelds
                 Moscatella
                 .
              
               
                 
                   Monte
                   Fiascone
                
                 being
                 passed
                 ,
                 you
                 enter
                 a
                 large
                 and
                 pleasant
                 Plain
                 ,
                 
                 in
                 which
                 stands
                 Viterbo
                 ,
                 antiently
                 called
                 Vetulania
                 ,
                 but
                 Desiderius
                 the
                 King
                 having
                 inclosed
                 it
                 ,
                 
                   Longhola
                   Tussa
                
                 ,
                 and
                 Turrenna
                 ,
                 within
                 one
                 Wall
                 ,
                 by
                 his
                 Edict
                 ,
                 yet
                 to
                 be
                 read
                 in
                 a
                 white
                 Marble
                 Tablet
                 in
                 the
                 Palace
                 of
                 Viterbo
                 ,
                 commanded
                 it
                 to
                 be
                 called
                 Viterbo
                 ;
                 t
                 is
                 head
                 of
                 the
                 Church
                 Patrimony
                 ,
                 and
                 behind
                 it
                 lies
                 
                   Monte
                   Cimeno
                
                 .
                 T
                 is
                 adorned
                 with
                 stately
                 Edifices
                 ,
                 amongst
                 which
                 the
                 Domo
                 is
                 famous
                 ,
                 where
                 four
                 Popes
                 ly
                 buried
                 ,
                 Iohn
                 the
                 21.
                 
                 Alexander
                 the
                 4th
                 .
                 Adrian
                 the
                 5th
                 .
                 and
                 Clement
                 the
                 4th
                 .
                 and
                 the
                 Church
                 
                   Santa
                   Rosa
                
                 ,
                 wherein
                 that
                 Saints
                 body
                 is
                 kept
                 entire
                 ,
                 &
                 an
                 admirable
                 Fountain
                 ,
                 casting
                 out
                 great
                 quantity
                 of
                 water
                 .
                 This
                 City
                 was
                 a
                 long
                 time
                 subject
                 to
                 the
                 Vecchi
                 and
                 Gotti
                 ,
                 its
                 Citizens
                 ,
                 who
                 driven
                 out
                 ,
                 it
                 submitted
                 to
                 the
                 Pope
                 .
                 T
                 is
                 well
                 inhabited
                 with
                 a
                 civil
                 people
                 ,
                 and
                 abounds
                 with
                 Corn
                 ,
                 Oyl
                 ,
                 Wine
                 ,
                 and
                 Fruits
                 ;
                 in
                 its
                 Territory
                 are
                 eleven
                 Rivers
                 ,
                 which
                 store
                 it
                 with
                 excellent
                 Fish.
                 It
                 wants
                 not
                 Baths
                 of
                 warm
                 water
                 ,
                 among
                 the
                 rest
                 those
                 of
                 Bolicano
                 are
                 named
                 for
                 their
                 Miraculous
                 virtue
                 .
                 A
                 mile
                 forth
                 the
                 City
                 stands
                 the
                 Church
                 Quierria
                 dedicate
                 to
                 the
                 Virgin
                 Maria
                 ;
                 finally
                 it
                 hath
                 afforded
                 Men
                 of
                 excelling
                 Judgements
                 .
              
               
                 From
                 this
                 City
                 you
                 ascend
                 the
                 Mountain
                 Viterbo
                 ,
                 called
                 
                   Mons
                   Cyminus
                
                 by
                 the
                 Latins
                 ,
                 upon
                 which
                 is
                 the
                 Castle
                 Canepina
                 ;
                 near
                 thereto
                 
                 stood
                 formerly
                 the
                 Castle
                 Corito
                 ,
                 built
                 by
                 Corito
                 King
                 of
                 Tuscany
                 ,
                 whose
                 foundations
                 yet
                 remain
                 ,
                 there
                 also
                 was
                 then
                 a
                 thick
                 and
                 terrible
                 Wood
                 ,
                 through
                 which
                 none
                 durst
                 pass
                 ,
                 no
                 more
                 than
                 the
                 Calidonian
                 or
                 Hercinian
                 Wood
                 ,
                 but
                 at
                 present
                 the
                 Trees
                 are
                 cut
                 and
                 a
                 way
                 comodiously
                 layed
                 out
                 .
                 At
                 the
                 Foot
                 of
                 this
                 Mountain
                 towards
                 
                 the
                 South
                 ,
                 is
                 the
                 Lake
                 Vico
                 ,
                 in
                 Latin
                 called
                 
                   Lacus
                   Cyminus
                
                 ,
                 near
                 it
                 stands
                 the
                 Village
                 Viro
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Castle
                 Soriano
                 ,
                 where
                 there
                 was
                 an
                 inexpugnable
                 Fort
                 ,
                 whence
                 for
                 60
                 ,
                 yeers
                 the
                 Brittons
                 Souldiers
                 could
                 not
                 be
                 expelled
                 .
              
               
                 Pursuing
                 the
                 way
                 towards
                 Rome
                 ,
                 you
                 finde
                 Ronciglione
                 ,
                 which
                 hath
                 a
                 lovely
                 Fountain
                 ,
                 and
                 Caprinica
                 ,
                 inhabited
                 by
                 500.
                 
                 Families
                 ;
                 beyond
                 which
                 lies
                 Sutri
                 an
                 antient
                 City
                 ,
                 built
                 (
                 as
                 is
                 believed
                 )
                 by
                 
                 the
                 Pelasgi
                 a
                 Grecian
                 people
                 ,
                 before
                 Saturnus
                 came
                 into
                 Italy
                 .
                 The
                 Romans
                 taking
                 the
                 advantage
                 of
                 this
                 City
                 ,
                 assaulted
                 the
                 Tuscans
                 and
                 overcame
                 an
                 Army
                 of
                 60
                 :
                 thosand
                 
                   Tuscans
                   Spoletines
                
                 and
                 Ombri
                 :
                 It
                 s
                 ill
                 ayr
                 renders
                 it
                 near
                 uninhabited
                 .
                 Beyond
                 Ronciglione
                 lies
                 Caprarola
                 ,
                 a
                 Castle
                 of
                 the
                 Farnlsies
                 ,
                 where
                 whatever
                 can
                 be
                 desired
                 for
                 Recreation
                 is
                 competently
                 pro
                 vided
                 for
                 ,
                 by
                 Cardinal
                 
                   Alexandro
                   Farnese
                
                 .
              
               
                 Not
                 far
                 distanr
                 from
                 it
                 is
                 Civita
                 a
                 City
                 now
                 of
                 smal
                 importance
                 ,
                 
                 though
                 antiently
                 because
                 they
                 would
                 not
                 assist
                 the
                 Romans
                 (
                 then
                 afflicted
                 by
                 Hannibal
                 )
                 we
                 find
                 them
                 by
                 the
                 Romans
                 condemned
                 
                   al
                   Doppio
                
                 .
                 
              
               
                 Passing
                 on
                 the
                 
                   Via
                   Regia
                
                 ,
                 one
                 meets
                 Rofolo
                 a
                 Bourg
                 adjacent
                 to
                 a
                 Lake
                 of
                 immense
                 profundity
                 ,
                 &
                 two
                 miles
                 beyond
                 it
                 Campagnana
                 ,
                 and
                 npon
                 the
                 same
                 way
                 a
                 standing
                 Pool
                 ,
                 where
                 was
                 Cremera
                 a
                 Castle
                 built
                 by
                 the
                 Fabii
                 and
                 destroyed
                 by
                 the
                 Vesenti
                 ,
                 here
                 we●…eslain
                 in
                 one
                 day
                 
                 
                 by
                 the
                 said
                 Vesenti
                 ,
                 500.
                 
                 Servants
                 ,
                 and
                 300.
                 persons
                 of
                 that
                 Family
                 ,
                 for
                 having
                 privatly
                 complotted
                 an
                 insurrection
                 for
                 their
                 Country
                 Rome
                 against
                 them
                 ,
                 one
                 Childe
                 sleeping
                 in
                 a
                 Cradle
                 escaped
                 and
                 became
                 the
                 restorer
                 of
                 the
                 Fabii
                 in
                 Rome
                 .
                 More
                 forward
                 stands
                 the
                 Town
                 Baccano
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Wood
                 called
                 
                   Bosco
                   di
                   Baccano
                
                 ,
                 which
                 was
                 lately
                 a
                 harbour
                 for
                 Assassinates
                 and
                 other
                 people
                 disposed
                 to
                 ill
                 ,
                 whence
                 it
                 grew
                 into
                 a
                 proverb
                 when
                 we
                 would
                 advise
                 any
                 one
                 to
                 stand
                 uppon
                 his
                 ,
                 guard
                 to
                 say
                 .
                 
                   Perche
                   siamo
                   nel
                   Bosco
                   de
                   Baccano
                   ,
                
                 but
                 through
                 the
                 vigilance
                 and
                 care
                 of
                 the
                 late
                 Popes
                 ,
                 t
                 is
                 almost
                 a
                 secured
                 passage
                 .
              
               
                 On
                 the
                 right-hand
                 stands
                 Anguillara
                 a
                 Town
                 of
                 much
                 Fame
                 ,
                 whose
                 Lords
                 having
                 behaved
                 themselves
                 gallantly
                 have
                 acquired
                 to
                 themselves
                 and
                 Country
                 eternal
                 honour
                 .
                 The
                 
                   Signori
                   Orsini
                
                 possesse
                 it
                 ,
                 and
                 Bracciano
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 entitled
                 a
                 Dutchy
                 .
                 From
                 the
                 aforenamed
                 Lake
                 runs
                 the
                 River
                 Arone
                 ,
                 whence
                 the
                 Romans
                 convey
                 by
                 pipes
                 the
                 water
                 they
                 called
                 Sabatina
                 ,
                 from
                 the
                 Lakes
                 name
                 Sabatina
                 .
                 Towards
                 the
                 Sea
                 lies
                 the
                 Monastery
                 
                   Santo
                   Severa
                
                 ,
                 made
                 now
                 a
                 Fort
                 ,
                 and
                 Ceri
                 a
                 Castle
                 upon
                 the
                 shore
                 .
                 On
                 the
                 left
                 hand
                 of
                 the
                 
                   Via
                   Regia
                
                 ,
                 lies
                 the
                 
                   Via
                   Flaminea
                
                 ,
                 and
                 six
                 miles
                 beyond
                 
                   Beccano
                   Isola
                
                 ,
                 then
                 Storta
                 ,
                 two
                 Towns
                 ,
                 and
                 thence
                 t
                 is
                 seaven
                 miles
                 to
                 Rome
                 .
                 One
                 may
                 also
                 travail
                 from
                 Bologna
                 to
                 Rome
                 ,
                 on
                 the
                 
                   Via
                   Emilia
                
                 ,
                 and
                 so
                 pass
                 
                   Imola
                   ,
                   Faenza
                   ,
                   Forli
                   ,
                   Cesena
                   ,
                
                 and
                 Rimini
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 IMOLA
                 .
              
               
                 IMola
                 called
                 in
                 Latine
                 
                   Forum
                   Cornelii
                
                 ,
                 enjoyes
                 a
                 good
                 Ayr
                 ,
                 a
                 fruitful
                 Territory
                 ,
                 a
                 commodious
                 situation
                 for
                 all
                 things
                 ,
                 Narsetes
                 in
                 the
                 yeer
                 of
                 Christ
                 ,
                 550.
                 destroyed
                 it
                 ,
                 but
                 Dasone
                 second
                 King
                 of
                 the
                 Longobardi
                 ,
                 restored
                 it
                 ,
                 and
                 called
                 it
                 
                   Imola
                   ,
                   Galeazzo
                   Sforza
                
                 ,
                 Son
                 of
                 Francis
                 Duke
                 of
                 Milan
                 possessed
                 it
                 ,
                 and
                 gave
                 it
                 in
                 Dowry
                 to
                 
                   Girolamo
                   Riario
                   Savonese
                
                 ,
                 in
                 Anno
                 1473.
                 some
                 time
                 after
                 t
                 was
                 taken
                 forcibly
                 by
                 
                   Cesar
                   Borgia
                
                 ,
                 Son
                 of
                 Pope
                 Alexander
                 the
                 6th
                 .
                 finally
                 (
                 after
                 several
                 other
                 Lords
                 )
                 it
                 became
                 under
                 the
                 power
                 of
                 the
                 Church
                 ,
                 who
                 yet
                 keep
                 it
                 in
                 peace
                 .
                 Martial
                 the
                 famous
                 Poet
                 ,
                 resided
                 here
                 for
                 some
                 time
                 ,
                 as
                 may
                 be
                 drawn
                 from
                 his
                 verses
                 ,
                 and
                 many
                 Illustrious
                 persons
                 were
                 born
                 here
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 COTIGNOLA
                 .
              
               
                 BEtween
                 Imola
                 and
                 Faenza
                 ,
                 stands
                 Cotignola
                 ,
                 a
                 Castle
                 small
                 ,
                 but
                 strong
                 ,
                 near
                 the
                 River
                 Senio
                 ,
                 encompassed
                 with
                 thick
                 Walls
                 ,
                 and
                 profound
                 Dikes
                 ;
                 the
                 Castle
                 was
                 built
                 by
                 the
                 Forlevesi
                 ,
                 and
                 Faentini
                 ,
                 but
                 the
                 Walls
                 and
                 Ditches
                 by
                 
                   Giovanni
                   Aguto
                
                 ,
                 Captain
                 and
                 Standard-bearer
                 to
                 the
                 Roman
                 Church
                 ,
                 to
                 whom
                 t
                 was
                 given
                 by
                 Pope
                 Gregory
                 the
                 11th
                 .
                 It
                 was
                 the
                 Birth-place
                 of
                 
                   Sforza
                   ,
                   Attendolo
                
                 ,
                 the
                 first
                 of
                 the
                 Sforzesean
                 Family
                 ,
                 who
                 wrought
                 himself
                 at
                 a
                 Pickax
                 ,
                 and
                 yet
                 in
                 less
                 than
                 one
                 hundred
                 yeers
                 his
                 line
                 and
                 Family
                 ,
                 hath
                 yeelded
                 one
                 Empress
                 ,
                 many
                 Queens
                 ,
                 Marqueses
                 ,
                 Dukes
                 ,
                 Counts
                 ,
                 Captains
                 ,
                 Bishops
                 ,
                 Arch-Bishops
                 ,
                 Cardinals
                 ,
                 and
                 other
                 eminent
                 persons
                 .
              
            
             
               
               
                 FAENZA
                 .
              
               
                 FAenza
                 is
                 divided
                 by
                 the
                 River
                 Lamone
                 ,
                 which
                 passeth
                 between
                 the
                 Bourg
                 and
                 the
                 City
                 ,
                 where
                 there
                 is
                 a
                 strong
                 bridge
                 of
                 Stone
                 ,
                 which
                 conjoyns
                 the
                 City
                 with
                 the
                 Bourg
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 
                   Via
                   Emilia
                
                 .
                 T
                 is
                 ancient
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 first
                 Founders
                 are
                 unknown
                 ;
                 it
                 enjoys
                 a
                 serene
                 healthfull
                 Ayr
                 ,
                 a
                 fertile
                 Territory
                 ,
                 and
                 a
                 people
                 good-natured
                 and
                 lovers
                 of
                 their
                 Country
                 .
                 Here
                 they
                 make
                 the
                 best
                 and
                 finest
                 Vessels
                 of
                 Earth
                 of
                 all
                 Italy
                 .
                 It
                 hath
                 produced
                 men
                 eminent
                 in
                 all
                 the
                 Sciences
                 .
                 It
                 was
                 several
                 times
                 destroyed
                 by
                 Totila
                 King
                 of
                 the
                 
                   Goths
                   ,
                   Frederick
                   Barbarossa
                
                 ,
                 and
                 by
                 a
                 Captain
                 of
                 the
                 Brittones
                 ,
                 but
                 Frederick
                 the
                 second
                 Nephew
                 of
                 the
                 first
                 ,
                 built
                 that
                 Fort
                 ,
                 cast
                 down
                 and
                 levelled
                 the
                 Walls
                 in
                 rhe
                 yeer
                 1240.
                 which
                 now
                 are
                 seen
                 ,
                 for
                 that
                 by
                 their
                 fidelity
                 to
                 the
                 Church
                 ,
                 they
                 gave
                 him
                 great
                 difficulty
                 to
                 take
                 it
                 :
                 The
                 Manfredi
                 then
                 got
                 it
                 ,
                 and
                 rebuilt
                 the
                 Walls
                 ,
                 from
                 them
                 the
                 Bolonians
                 took
                 it
                 ,
                 from
                 them
                 
                   Mainardo
                   Pagano
                
                 ,
                 its
                 Citizen
                 ,
                 a
                 great
                 Captain
                 ,
                 and
                 from
                 him
                 the
                 Venetians
                 ,
                 from
                 whom
                 after
                 the
                 rout
                 ,
                 they
                 received
                 at
                 
                   Giarad
                   Adda
                
                 by
                 Lewis
                 the
                 12th
                 .
                 King
                 of
                 France
                 ,
                 it
                 returned
                 again
                 to
                 the
                 devotion
                 of
                 the
                 Church
                 ,
                 under
                 whome
                 it
                 hath
                 ever
                 since
                 continued
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 BRISIGELLA
                 .
              
               
                 THis
                 Town
                 is
                 seated
                 in
                 part
                 on
                 a
                 Plain
                 ,
                 and
                 in
                 part
                 on
                 the
                 side
                 of
                 a
                 hill
                 ,
                 it
                 hath
                 two
                 Forts
                 ,
                 the
                 one
                 on
                 the
                 East
                 called
                 the
                 Tower
                 ,
                 where
                 with
                 the
                 touch
                 of
                 a
                 Bell
                 they
                 give
                 notice
                 how
                 many
                 Horses
                 enter
                 ,
                 the
                 other
                 on
                 the
                 West
                 ,
                 both
                 set
                 at
                 the
                 outmost
                 part
                 of
                 the
                 Town
                 .
                 It
                 hath
                 two
                 Fountains
                 ,
                 the
                 Water
                 of
                 the
                 one
                 so
                 sweet
                 and
                 light
                 ,
                 that
                 none
                 is
                 accounted
                 better
                 ,
                 the
                 other
                 so
                 gross
                 and
                 heavy
                 ,
                 that
                 they
                 give
                 it
                 not
                 to
                 their
                 Beasts
                 ,
                 but
                 account
                 it
                 only
                 fit
                 for
                 cooling
                 their
                 Wine
                 ,
                 and
                 cleansing
                 and
                 dying
                 their
                 silks
                 ,
                 which
                 shine
                 more
                 here
                 than
                 elsewhere
                 ,
                 and
                 that
                 is
                 attributed
                 to
                 the
                 crudity
                 of
                 this
                 water
                 .
                 It
                 s
                 Territory
                 is
                 called
                 
                   la
                   Valle
                   d'Amone
                
                 from
                 the
                 River
                 so
                 named
                 ,
                 which
                 having
                 its
                 sourse
                 from
                 the
                 top
                 of
                 the
                 Alps
                 of
                 Florence
                 (
                 with
                 little
                 water
                 in
                 a
                 short
                 course
                 driving
                 Mills
                 )
                 runs
                 thorow
                 the
                 Valley
                 to
                 
                   Faenza
                   ▪
                
              
               
                 This
                 Valley
                 and
                 Territory
                 contains
                 48.
                 
                 Villages
                 ,
                 every
                 one
                 having
                 its
                 own
                 Parish
                 ,
                 and
                 a
                 sufficient
                 allowance
                 for
                 its
                 Pastors
                 .
                 The
                 Farmers
                 are
                 rich
                 and
                 civil
                 ,
                 they
                 muster
                 800.
                 
                 Men
                 ,
                 who
                 are
                 well
                 exercised
                 youth
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 best
                 armed
                 of
                 any
                 in
                 the
                 Ecclesiastick
                 State.
                 Which
                 Villages
                 are
                 all
                 contained
                 under
                 the
                 name
                 Bresigiella
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 said
                 Valley
                 is
                 so
                 fertile
                 in
                 Wine
                 ,
                 Oyl
                 ,
                 Corn
                 and
                 other
                 necessaries
                 ,
                 that
                 though
                 there
                 be
                 18000.
                 
                 Souls
                 ,
                 yet
                 one
                 yeers
                 crop
                 affords
                 sustenance
                 enough
                 for
                 all
                 them
                 for
                 two
                 yeers
                 ,
                 were
                 it
                 not
                 exported
                 into
                 other
                 Countreys
                 .
              
               
                 It
                 hath
                 one
                 noble
                 Palace
                 belonging
                 to
                 the
                 ▪
                 
                   Signori
                   Spadi
                
                 ,
                 which
                 hath
                 all
                 the
                 coumodities
                 of
                 Church
                 ,
                 Fishponds
                 ,
                 Fountains
                 ,
                 Gardens
                 ,
                 Vineyards
                 ,
                 Wood
                 for
                 Foul
                 ,
                 Conservatories
                 for
                 Snow
                 ,
                 with
                 all
                 sorts
                 of
                 trees
                 of
                 exquisite
                 fruit
                 ,
                 Citrons
                 ,
                 Lemons
                 ,
                 Oranges
                 ,
                 Pynes
                 ,
                 and
                 other
                 delights
                 that
                 may
                 be
                 required
                 ,
                 &
                 this
                 is
                 alwaies
                 so
                 well
                 accommodated
                 with
                 all
                 necessaries
                 for
                 the
                 Kitchin
                 ,
                 houshold-stuff
                 ,
                 and
                 
                 Plate
                 ,
                 that
                 whenever
                 any
                 Prince
                 or
                 Embassador
                 arrives
                 ,
                 they
                 need
                 not
                 transport
                 thither
                 the
                 least
                 thing
                 ,
                 there
                 is
                 one
                 Oake
                 which
                 five
                 men
                 cannot
                 brace
                 .
              
               
                 This
                 Town
                 hath
                 one
                 eminent
                 Collegiate
                 for
                 the
                 Prelates
                 ;
                 every
                 Wednesday
                 they
                 keep
                 here
                 a
                 Market
                 ,
                 so
                 great
                 for
                 all
                 things
                 ,
                 that
                 it
                 attracts
                 infinite
                 People
                 ,
                 for
                 which
                 they
                 pay
                 no
                 toll
                 .
                 It
                 flourished
                 in
                 Arms
                 two
                 Ages
                 past
                 ,
                 through
                 the
                 nobility
                 ,
                 generofity
                 ,
                 and
                 Valour
                 of
                 the
                 Family
                 of
                 Naldi
                 ,
                 the
                 statues
                 of
                 Vicenso
                 and
                 
                   Dionisio
                   Naldi
                
                 ,
                 are
                 in
                 Venice
                 erected
                 .
                 And
                 in
                 Religion
                 and
                 Learning
                 ,
                 by
                 many
                 famous
                 Men.
                 
              
            
          
           
             
               The
               Voyage
               or
               Journey
               from
               MILAN
               to
               CREMONA
               ,
               to
               MANTOVA
               ,
               to
               FERRARA
               ,
               and
               to
               RIMINI
               .
            
             
               IF
               you
               would
               see
               the
               places
               ,
               distant
               from
               the
               
                 Via
                 Emilia
              
               ,
               when
               you
               are
               arrived
               at
               Lodi
               ,
               you
               must
               go
               towards
               the
               Adda
               Eastward
               ,
               and
               at
               twelve
               miles
               distance
               meet
               Castiglone
               ,
               and
               see
               Castle
               Novo
               ,
               and
               Pizzichotone
               ,
               a
               famed
               Place
               ,
               for
               that
               Francis
               the
               first
               King
               of
               France
               ,
               being
               taken
               Prisoner
               ,
               by
               the
               Imperialists
               ,
               under
               Pavia
               ,
               was
               reteined
               there
               ,
               till
               by
               Order
               of
               the
               Emperor
               Charls
               the
               fifth
               ,
               they
               embarked
               him
               at
               Genoua
               for
               Spain
               ,
               hence
               t
               is
               but
               15.
               mile
               to
               Cremona
               ,
               all
               good
               and
               direct
               even
               way
               .
            
             
               
                 CREMONA
                 the
                 Faithfull
                 .
              
               
                 CRemona
                 is
                 built
                 on
                 the
                 banks
                 of
                 the
                 Poe
                 ,
                 in
                 the
                 7th
                 .
                 Climat
                 ,
                 on
                 the
                 West
                 parts
                 of
                 Italy
                 ,
                 t
                 is
                 eight
                 miles
                 in
                 circuit
                 ,
                 environed
                 with
                 Walls
                 Bastions
                 ,
                 and
                 Ditches
                 ,
                 and
                 hath
                 one
                 Cittadel
                 on
                 the
                 Eastpart
                 ,
                 the
                 most
                 stupendious
                 ,
                 strong
                 and
                 formidable
                 work
                 in
                 all
                 Italy
                 .
                 Its
                 first
                 Founders
                 are
                 not
                 known
                 ,
                 but
                 their
                 judgements
                 approved
                 for
                 its
                 good
                 Ayr.
                 It
                 was
                 a
                 good
                 Colony
                 of
                 the
                 Romans
                 ,
                 and
                 alwaies
                 maintained
                 such
                 fidelity
                 to
                 its
                 Princes
                 ,
                 that
                 among
                 the
                 Cities
                 of
                 Italy
                 it
                 merited
                 the
                 surname
                 of
                 faithfull
                 .
                 In
                 the
                 time
                 of
                 the
                 Triumvirate
                 of
                 
                   Augustus
                   ,
                   Antony
                
                 ,
                 and
                 Lepidus
                 ,
                 it
                 suffered
                 much
                 misery
                 ,
                 its
                 Territories
                 being
                 divided
                 also
                 among
                 the
                 Souldiers
                 ,
                 whose
                 neighbourhood
                 to
                 Mantoua
                 ,
                 made
                 it
                 participate
                 in
                 misery
                 ,
                 and
                 caused
                 Virgil
                 to
                 lament
                 in
                 his
                 9th
                 .
                 Ecloge
                 ,
                 
                   Mantoua
                   vel
                   miserae
                   ni●…ium
                   vicina
                   Cremonae
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   Cornelius
                   Tacitus
                
                 relates
                 its
                 then
                 wofull
                 sufferings
                 .
                 Afterwards
                 in
                 Anno
                 630.
                 it
                 was
                 all
                 cast
                 down
                 by
                 the
                 
                   Gothes
                   ,
                   Longobards
                
                 and
                 Slaves
                 and
                 600.
                 yeers
                 ,
                 after
                 that
                 destroyed
                 by
                 
                   Frederick
                   Barbarossa
                
                 ,
                 and
                 depopulated
                 .
                 But
                 afterwards
                 it
                 was
                 restored
                 and
                 amplified
                 ,
                 and
                 governed
                 in
                 liberty
                 ,
                 till
                 through
                 civil
                 discords
                 
                   Uberto
                   Palavicino
                
                 got
                 the
                 dominion
                 ,
                 who
                 driven
                 out
                 ,
                 certain
                 lesser
                 Lords
                 kept
                 it
                 in
                 servitude
                 ,
                 as
                 now
                 Cavadabo
                 ,
                 now
                 the
                 Ponzoni
                 ,
                 now
                 the
                 Fonduli
                 ,
                 now
                 the
                 
                 Visconti
                 ,
                 whoever
                 of
                 them
                 was
                 conqueror
                 got
                 it
                 ,
                 and
                 with
                 the
                 conquered
                 it
                 alwaies
                 suffered
                 .
                 Also
                 the
                 
                   Venetians
                   ,
                   French
                
                 ,
                 and
                 Sforzeschi
                 had
                 it
                 by
                 Arms
                 ,
                 but
                 now
                 the
                 King
                 of
                 Spain
                 reigns
                 in
                 it
                 ,
                 and
                 maintains
                 in
                 great
                 tranquillity
                 .
              
               
                 Sigismond
                 the
                 Emperor
                 to
                 gratifie
                 
                   Gabrino
                   Fondalio
                
                 ,
                 granted
                 it
                 license
                 for
                 a
                 publique
                 University
                 ,
                 with
                 all
                 such
                 privileges
                 ,
                 immunities
                 and
                 exemptions
                 ,
                 as
                 those
                 of
                 Paris
                 or
                 Bologna
                 ,
                 enjoyed
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 ordinary
                 buildings
                 are
                 so
                 great
                 ,
                 that
                 they
                 may
                 be
                 termed
                 Palaces
                 ,
                 reared
                 with
                 great
                 expense
                 and
                 excellent
                 Architecture
                 .
                 Ir
                 hath
                 broad
                 streets
                 ,
                 with
                 Orchards
                 ,
                 Gardens
                 ,
                 and
                 Mills
                 as
                 well
                 within
                 as
                 without
                 the
                 City
                 ,
                 a
                 chanel
                 for
                 driving
                 them
                 being
                 brought
                 from
                 the
                 River
                 thorow
                 the
                 City
                 .
              
               
                 It
                 hath
                 one
                 Tower
                 so
                 high
                 that
                 it
                 is
                 reckoned
                 among
                 the
                 wonders
                 of
                 Europe
                 ,
                 which
                 was
                 built
                 in
                 the
                 yeer
                 1284.
                 
                 Upon
                 it
                 at
                 one
                 instant
                 were
                 ,
                 Pope
                 John
                 the
                 22th
                 .
                 Sigismond
                 the
                 Emperor
                 ,
                 with
                 
                   Gabrino
                   Fondulio
                
                 ,
                 Lord
                 of
                 the
                 City
                 ,
                 who
                 afterwards
                 was
                 sad
                 at
                 the
                 heart
                 ,
                 that
                 he
                 had
                 not
                 precipitated
                 the
                 Emperour
                 and
                 Pope
                 to
                 eternalize
                 his
                 memory
                 ,
                 as
                 did
                 Herostrato
                 ,
                 who
                 only
                 to
                 commemorate
                 his
                 name
                 gave
                 fire
                 to
                 and
                 burnt
                 that
                 stupendnous
                 Temple
                 of
                 Diana
                 ,
                 built
                 in
                 Ephesus
                 at
                 the
                 common
                 charge
                 of
                 all
                 the
                 Potentates
                 of
                 Asia
                 ,
                 in
                 two
                 hundred
                 yeers
                 .
                 It
                 hath
                 a
                 Cathedral
                 with
                 a
                 good
                 Revenue
                 ,
                 and
                 many
                 other
                 stately
                 Churches
                 ,
                 wherein
                 are
                 kept
                 many
                 Reliques
                 of
                 Saints
                 ,
                 and
                 much
                 riches
                 ,
                 several
                 Hospitals
                 and
                 other
                 pious
                 places
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Families
                 of
                 Cremona
                 ,
                 are
                 for
                 the
                 most
                 part
                 descended
                 from
                 the
                 Romans
                 ,
                 who
                 there
                 made
                 a
                 Colony
                 ,
                 others
                 from
                 the
                 veterane
                 Souldiers
                 ,
                 who
                 for
                 reward
                 of
                 their
                 Labours
                 had
                 houses
                 &
                 Lands
                 there
                 assigned
                 them
                 ,
                 and
                 others
                 from
                 the
                 
                   Goths
                   ,
                   Longobardi
                   ,
                   French
                   ,
                   Germans
                   ,
                
                 and
                 other
                 people
                 of
                 Italy
                 ;
                 it
                 hath
                 given
                 birth
                 to
                 many
                 eminent
                 Ecclesiasticks
                 ,
                 Lawyers
                 ,
                 Physicians
                 ,
                 Souldiers
                 ,
                 and
                 Poets
                 .
                 The
                 people
                 are
                 of
                 an
                 industrious
                 and
                 accute
                 wit
                 ,
                 and
                 have
                 invented
                 several
                 sorts
                 of
                 Stuffs
                 ,
                 Silks
                 and
                 Clothes
                 ,
                 and
                 make
                 excellent
                 Swords
                 .
              
               
                 Without
                 the
                 Gate
                 Puleselia
                 ,
                 stands
                 the
                 Church
                 
                   San
                   Guglielmo
                
                 ,
                 where
                 is
                 a
                 large
                 Pond
                 which
                 did
                 formerly
                 contain
                 troubled
                 and
                 stinking
                 water
                 ,
                 but
                 
                   San
                   Domenick
                
                 and
                 Francis
                 ,
                 who
                 dwelt
                 there
                 ,
                 making
                 the
                 sign
                 of
                 the
                 Cross
                 over
                 it
                 ,
                 they
                 were
                 there
                 by
                 miraculously
                 converted
                 into
                 clear
                 and
                 sweet
                 waters
                 .
              
               
                 Near
                 the
                 
                   Porta
                   San
                   Michaele
                
                 ,
                 stood
                 a
                 Temple
                 dedicate
                 to
                 the
                 Goddess
                 Februa
                 ,
                 whereof
                 nought
                 appears
                 now
                 .
                 Close
                 by
                 the
                 Walls
                 runs
                 the
                 noble
                 River
                 Oglio
                 .
                 On
                 its
                 West
                 part
                 lies
                 nhe
                 Territory
                 of
                 Lodi
                 ,
                 on
                 the
                 North
                 Bergamo
                 and
                 Brescia
                 ,
                 on
                 the
                 East
                 Mantona
                 ,
                 and
                 on
                 the
                 South
                 Piacenza
                 .
              
               
                 Between
                 Towns
                 and
                 Hamlets
                 this
                 City
                 possesseth
                 41.
                 places
                 ,
                 and
                 all
                 its
                 Country
                 round
                 about
                 is
                 a
                 plain
                 planted
                 with
                 trees
                 in
                 excellent
                 order
                 with
                 Vines
                 clinging
                 to
                 them
                 ,
                 and
                 most
                 productive
                 of
                 all
                 grains
                 herbage
                 and
                 other
                 necessaries
                 .
              
               
                 From
                 Cremona
                 to
                 Mantoua
                 ,
                 leads
                 a
                 direct
                 even
                 road
                 ,
                 and
                 upon
                 or
                 near
                 it
                 lye
                 Piadena
                 ,
                 the
                 Country
                 of
                 
                   Bartolomeo
                   Platina
                
                 ,
                 close
                 by
                 which
                 
                 passeth
                 the
                 
                   Oglio
                   ,
                   Canesdo
                
                 ,
                 where
                 the
                 Oglio
                 spends
                 it self
                 in
                 the
                 Poe
                 ,
                 the
                 Castles
                 Asola
                 ,
                 and
                 
                   Acquanegria
                   ,
                   Bozzolo
                
                 a
                 Town
                 ,
                 and
                 
                   San
                   Martino
                
                 where
                 
                   Scipion
                   Gonzaga
                
                 the
                 Splendor
                 of
                 the
                 College
                 of
                 Cardinals
                 lies
                 buried
                 .
                 Then
                 the
                 River
                 passed
                 which
                 crosseth
                 the
                 Road
                 ,
                 you
                 leave
                 
                 the
                 Bourg
                 Marcheria
                 ,
                 and
                 Gazuolo
                 ,
                 where
                 there
                 is
                 a
                 sumptuous
                 and
                 
                 royal
                 Palace
                 of
                 the
                 Gonzaghi
                 ,
                 whose
                 also
                 are
                 the
                 3
                 Castles
                 ,
                 from
                 Gazuolo
                 ,
                 to
                 Mantoua
                 twelve
                 miles
                 .
              
               
                 But
                 the
                 way
                 from
                 Cremona
                 to
                 Mantoua
                 ,
                 on
                 the
                 left
                 side
                 of
                 the
                 Poe
                 lies
                 thus
                 ,
                 first
                 to
                 the
                 Town
                 
                   San
                   Giovanni
                
                 ,
                 and
                 Ricardo
                 ,
                 then
                 to
                 
                   Ponzono
                   ,
                   Gusnola
                
                 ,
                 and
                 
                   Casal
                   Maggiore
                
                 ,
                 and
                 then
                 to
                 Sabioneda
                 ,
                 an
                 imperial
                 City
                 ,
                 very
                 fair
                 and
                 stately
                 ,
                 a
                 draught
                 whereof
                 was
                 taken
                 by
                 order
                 of
                 the
                 Duke
                 Vespasiano
                 .
                 Beyond
                 which
                 lies
                 Viadona
                 ,
                 and
                 Pomponesco
                 ,
                 where
                 lies
                 the
                 passe
                 over
                 the
                 Poe
                 ,
                 whence
                 t
                 is
                 eight
                 mile
                 to
                 Mantoua
                 ,
                 in
                 the
                 way
                 are
                 Montecchio
                 ,
                 a
                 mannor
                 of
                 the
                 
                   Palavicini
                   ,
                   Colorno
                
                 under
                 the
                 Parmesans
                 ,
                 the
                 Castle
                 Bresegello
                 of
                 the
                 Dokes
                 of
                 Estè
                 ,
                 formerly
                 a
                 City
                 ,
                 but
                 destroyed
                 by
                 the
                 Lougobardi
                 ,
                 whose
                 King
                 Alboino
                 there
                 ,
                 slew
                 Totila
                 King
                 of
                 the
                 Gothes
                 ,
                 and
                 by
                 that
                 victory
                 made
                 himself
                 Lord
                 of
                 
                   Italy
                   ,
                   Gonzaga
                
                 ,
                 where
                 the
                 Duke
                 of
                 Mantoua
                 hath
                 a
                 noble
                 Palace
                 ,
                 
                   Reggio
                   ,
                   Huolara
                   ,
                   Luzzara
                
                 ,
                 and
                 Guastallo
                 entitled
                 with
                 a
                 Principality
                 ,
                 thence
                 to
                 
                   Borgo
                   Forte
                
                 ,
                 and
                 so
                 to
                 Mantoua
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 MANTOUA
              
               
                 FOr
                 its
                 antiquity
                 gives
                 place
                 to
                 no
                 City
                 of
                 Italy
                 ,
                 being
                 founded
                 not
                 only
                 before
                 Rome
                 ,
                 but
                 before
                 the
                 destruction
                 of
                 Troy
                 ,
                 (
                 which
                 happened
                 according
                 to
                 Eusebius
                 ,
                 Saint
                 Jerome
                 and
                 others
                 ,
                 430.
                 yeers
                 before
                 the
                 building
                 of
                 Rome
                 )
                 
                   Leandro
                   Alberti
                
                 ,
                 shewes
                 that
                 Mantoua
                 was
                 built
                 1183.
                 yeers
                 before
                 the
                 coming
                 of
                 our
                 Lord
                 into
                 the
                 flesh
                 .
                 And
                 as
                 it
                 was
                 more
                 antient
                 than
                 the
                 rest
                 ,
                 so
                 was
                 its
                 Original
                 more
                 noble
                 ,
                 being
                 founded
                 by
                 
                   Ocno
                   Bianoro
                
                 ,
                 the
                 most
                 antient
                 King
                 of
                 Tuscany
                 ,
                 who
                 was
                 Son
                 of
                 Tiberino
                 King
                 of
                 Tuscany
                 ,
                 and
                 
                   Manto
                   Tebena
                
                 his
                 Queen
                 ,
                 and
                 so
                 called
                 it
                 Mantoua
                 from
                 the
                 name
                 of
                 his
                 Mother
                 .
                 It
                 was
                 first
                 inhabited
                 by
                 three
                 noble
                 people
                 ,
                 the
                 
                   Tebani
                   ,
                   Veneti
                
                 ,
                 and
                 Toscani
                 ,
                 as
                 Virgil
                 the
                 Prince
                 of
                 Poets
                 celebrating
                 the
                 nobleness
                 of
                 this
                 his
                 Country
                 testifies
                 in
                 his
                 10.
                 book
                 of
                 his
                 AEneades
                 .
                 
                   
                     Ille
                     etiam
                     patriis
                     agmenciet
                     Ocnus
                     ab
                     oris
                  
                   
                     Fatidicae
                     Manthus
                     ,
                     &
                     Tusci
                     filius
                     amnis
                     ,
                  
                   
                     Qui
                     muros
                     ,
                     matrisque
                     dedit
                     tibi
                     Mantoua
                     nomen
                     .
                  
                   
                     Mantoua
                     Dives
                     avis
                     ,
                     sed
                     non
                     genus
                     omnibus
                     unum
                     .
                  
                   
                     Gens
                     illi
                     triplex
                     ,
                     populi
                     sub
                     gente
                     quaterni
                  
                   
                     Ipsa
                     caput
                     populis
                     Tusco
                     de
                     sanguine
                     vires
                     .
                  
                
              
               
                 T
                 is
                 seated
                 among
                 the
                 Marishes
                 created
                 by
                 the
                 River
                 Mencio
                 ,
                 is
                 strong
                 by
                 nature
                 and
                 art
                 ,
                 large
                 and
                 well
                 built
                 ,
                 adorned
                 with
                 sumptuous
                 Palaces
                 and
                 fair
                 Churches
                 ,
                 noble
                 Piazzaes
                 ,
                 spatious
                 recreative
                 places
                 ,
                 and
                 direct
                 streets
                 .
                 T
                 is
                 a
                 merchandizing
                 City
                 ,
                 and
                 copious
                 of
                 all
                 trading
                 through
                 the
                 conveniency
                 of
                 the
                 waters
                 .
                 The
                 people
                 are
                 of
                 an
                 acute
                 genius
                 ,
                 and
                 not
                 less
                 disposed
                 to
                 Learning
                 ,
                 Arms
                 ,
                 and
                 all
                 Sciences
                 ,
                 than
                 to
                 Traffick
                 and
                 Merchandizing
                 .
              
               
                 In
                 the
                 Church
                 of
                 the
                 reverend
                 Fathers
                 of
                 Saint
                 Domenick
                 ,
                 is
                 the
                 Tomb
                 of
                 
                   Giovanni
                   de
                   Medici
                
                 ,
                 Father
                 of
                 Cosmus
                 great
                 Duke
                 of
                 Tuscany
                 ,
                 where
                 may
                 be
                 read
                 this
                 Epitaph
                 .
                 
                   
                     Joannes
                     Medices
                     hic
                     situs
                     est
                     inusitatae
                     virtutis
                  
                   
                     Dux
                     ,
                     qui
                     ad
                     Mincium
                     tormento
                     ictus
                     ,
                     Italiae
                  
                   
                     fato
                     ,
                     potius
                     quam
                     suo
                     cecidit
                     .
                     1526.
                     
                  
                
              
               
               
                 In
                 the
                 Church
                 of
                 the
                 Carmelites
                 lies
                 
                   Batista
                   Spagnuolo
                
                 ,
                 General
                 of
                 that
                 order
                 ,
                 with
                 this
                 Epitaph
                 .
                 
                   Reverend
                   .
                   P.
                   Magister
                   Baptiste
                   Mantuanus
                   Carmelita
                   ,
                   Theologus
                   ,
                   Philosophus
                   ,
                   Poeta
                   ,
                   &
                   Orator
                   Clarissimus
                   ,
                   Latinae
                   ,
                   Graecae
                   ,
                   &
                   Hebraicae
                   linguae
                   peritissimus
                   .
                
              
               
                 In
                 the
                 sumptuous
                 Temple
                 Saint
                 Andrea
                 ,
                 is
                 some
                 of
                 the
                 pretious
                 bloud
                 of
                 our
                 Lord
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 body
                 of
                 
                   San
                   Longino
                
                 the
                 Martyr
                 ,
                 
                   Montigna
                   Padouano
                
                 lies
                 likewise
                 buried
                 here
                 with
                 this
                 Inscription
                 .
                 
                   Ossa
                   Andreae
                   Mantiniae
                   famosissimi
                   Pictoris
                   cum
                   duobus
                   filiis
                   insepulchro
                   per
                   Andream
                   Mantiniam
                   nepotem
                   ex
                   filio
                   constructo
                   .
                
              
               
                 And
                 underneath
                 are
                 these
                 two
                 verses
                 .
                 
                   
                     Esse
                     parem
                     hunc
                     noris
                     ,
                     si
                     non
                     praeponis
                     Apelli
                     ,
                  
                   
                     Enea
                     Mantiniae
                     ,
                     qui
                     simulacra
                     vides
                     .
                  
                
              
               
                 In
                 the
                 Duomo
                 (
                 where
                 the
                 lngenuity
                 of
                 
                   Giulio
                   Romano
                
                 a
                 famous
                 Architector
                 hath
                 expatiated
                 it self
                 )
                 lies
                 the
                 entire
                 body
                 of
                 
                   San
                   Anselmo
                
                 Bishop
                 of
                 Lucca
                 .
                 In
                 
                   San
                   Egidio
                
                 ,
                 lies
                 
                   Bernardo
                   Tasso
                
                 .
              
               
                 Mantoua
                 hath
                 eight
                 Gates
                 ,
                 is
                 in
                 compass
                 four
                 miles
                 ,
                 hath
                 in
                 it
                 50.
                 thousand
                 Souls
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 aforesaid
                 Lake
                 or
                 Marish
                 ,
                 lies
                 20.
                 miles
                 round
                 it
                 ,
                 near
                 it
                 is
                 the
                 Royal
                 Palace
                 of
                 Te
                 ,
                 built
                 by
                 
                   Giulio
                   Romano
                
                 .
              
               
                 Five
                 miles
                 off
                 Mantoua
                 West-ward
                 ,
                 stands
                 a
                 Temple
                 dedicate
                 to
                 the
                 Virgine
                 Mary
                 ,
                 filled
                 with
                 presents
                 ,
                 and
                 vows
                 ,
                 wherein
                 lies
                 the
                 body
                 of
                 
                   Baldassar
                   Casiiglione
                
                 in
                 a
                 fayr
                 Tomb.
                 
                 
              
               
                 Twelve
                 miles
                 distant
                 from
                 it
                 South-ward
                 ,
                 is
                 the
                 magnificent
                 and
                 sumptuous
                 Monastery
                 of
                 Saint
                 Benedict
                 ,
                 seated
                 in
                 a
                 Plain
                 near
                 the
                 Poe
                 ,
                 which
                 was
                 built
                 by
                 
                   Bonisace
                   ,
                   Marquess
                
                 of
                 Mantoua
                 ,
                 Count
                 of
                 Conossa
                 ,
                 and
                 Uncle
                 of
                 Matilda
                 ,
                 in
                 the
                 yeer
                 of
                 our
                 Saviour
                 984.
                 which
                 for
                 its
                 Magnificense
                 ,
                 Riches
                 ,
                 and
                 sumptuousness
                 of
                 building
                 ,
                 and
                 what
                 more
                 imports
                 ,
                 for
                 its
                 observance
                 in
                 Religion
                 ,
                 antecedes
                 all
                 the
                 other
                 Monasteries
                 of
                 Italy
                 The
                 Fryers
                 Benedictines
                 have
                 possessed
                 it
                 for
                 200
                 yeers
                 ,
                 from
                 whom
                 have
                 issued
                 many
                 Religious
                 ,
                 filled
                 with
                 sanctity
                 ,
                 good
                 doctrine
                 ,
                 and
                 grave
                 customs
                 .
                 Its
                 possessions
                 traverse
                 a
                 great
                 space
                 of
                 ground
                 ,
                 and
                 from
                 the
                 privileges
                 of
                 Pope
                 Pasquale
                 the
                 second
                 ,
                 we
                 may
                 collect
                 they
                 had
                 dominion
                 in
                 spirituals
                 and
                 temporals
                 ,
                 over
                 the
                 Towns
                 Guernelo
                 and
                 Quistello
                 ,
                 with
                 38.
                 parish
                 Churches
                 in
                 the
                 Diocess
                 of
                 
                   Mantoua
                   ,
                   Luca
                   ,
                   Bologna
                   ,
                   Ferrara
                   ,
                   Parma
                   ,
                   Malamocco
                   ,
                   &
                   Chioza
                   ,
                
                 The
                 most
                 illustrious
                 Countess
                 Matilda
                 ,
                 (
                 whom
                 none
                 comes
                 near
                 for
                 her
                 signal
                 benefits
                 conferred
                 on
                 the
                 Roman
                 Church
                 )
                 being
                 69.
                 yeers
                 old
                 here
                 finisht
                 her
                 days
                 ,
                 in
                 the
                 yeer
                 1161.
                 and
                 was
                 layed
                 in
                 a
                 Marble
                 Sepulchre
                 in
                 the
                 Chapel
                 of
                 the
                 blessed
                 Virgin
                 ,
                 which
                 being
                 opened
                 320.
                 yeers
                 after
                 ,
                 her
                 body
                 was
                 found
                 unperisht
                 and
                 untouched
                 ,
                 her
                 Effigies
                 upon
                 a
                 Mare
                 (
                 like
                 unto
                 a
                 man
                 )
                 stands
                 upon
                 her
                 Tombe
                 ,
                 in
                 a
                 long
                 red
                 Gown
                 ,
                 and
                 a
                 Pomgranade
                 in
                 her
                 hand
                 ,
                 where
                 among
                 her
                 other
                 Epitaphs
                 ,
                 this
                 old
                 one
                 may
                 be
                 read
                 .
                 
                   
                   
                     Stirpe
                     ,
                     opibus
                     ,
                     forma
                     ,
                     gestis
                     ,
                     &
                     nomine
                     quondam
                  
                   
                     Inclyta
                     Mathildus
                     ,
                     hic
                     jacet
                     astra
                     tenens
                     .
                  
                
              
               
                 In
                 that
                 part
                 of
                 the
                 Monastery
                 where
                 now
                 is
                 the
                 common
                 Kitchin
                 below
                 ,
                 and
                 Graneries
                 above
                 ,
                 was
                 the
                 Palace
                 of
                 Matilda
                 ;
                 It
                 hath
                 as
                 much
                 Land
                 as
                 382.
                 yoke
                 of
                 Oxen
                 can
                 till
                 .
                 It
                 hath
                 a
                 Rampart
                 goes
                 round
                 a
                 great
                 part
                 of
                 its
                 Lands
                 about
                 ,
                 7
                 miles
                 long
                 ,
                 which
                 cost
                 in
                 raising
                 above
                 27000.
                 
                 Crowns
                 ,
                 which
                 in
                 Anno
                 1560.
                 was
                 made
                 in
                 a
                 few
                 moneths
                 to
                 stop
                 the
                 inundations
                 of
                 the
                 Poe.
                 
              
               
                 Two
                 miles
                 beyond
                 Mantoua
                 at
                 the
                 mouth
                 of
                 the
                 River
                 Mincio
                 ,
                 which
                 issues
                 from
                 the
                 Lake
                 ,
                 and
                 goes
                 to
                 Ferrara
                 ,
                 stands
                 the
                 Bourge
                 Ande
                 now
                 called
                 Pietole
                 ,
                 where
                 Virgil
                 was
                 born
                 ,
                 beyond
                 that
                 Hostia
                 ,
                 and
                 Roveredo
                 ,
                 and
                 then
                 
                   Lago
                   Scuro
                
                 ;
                 where
                 you
                 imbark
                 for
                 Venice
                 ;
                 hence
                 after
                 three
                 miles
                 travail
                 you
                 arrive
                 at
                 Ferrara
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 FERRARA
                 .
              
               
                 THis
                 City
                 is
                 seated
                 on
                 the
                 Banks
                 of
                 the
                 Poe
                 ,
                 which
                 washeth
                 it
                 on
                 the
                 East
                 &
                 South
                 parts
                 ;
                 t
                 is
                 garnished
                 with
                 stately
                 and
                 sump
                 tuous
                 structures
                 ,
                 and
                 spatious
                 and
                 noble
                 Piazzaes
                 which
                 was
                 first
                 paved
                 with
                 brick
                 ,
                 by
                 the
                 Marquess
                 Lionello
                 ,
                 filled
                 with
                 noble
                 Families
                 and
                 rich
                 Citizens
                 ,
                 and
                 t
                 is
                 moreover
                 famous
                 for
                 the
                 University
                 here
                 established
                 by
                 the
                 Emperor
                 Frederick
                 the
                 second
                 ,
                 in
                 despight
                 of
                 the
                 Bolonians
                 .
                 And
                 although
                 this
                 City
                 cannot
                 boast
                 its
                 antiquity
                 from
                 the
                 
                   Trojans
                   ,
                   Grecians
                
                 or
                 Romans
                 (
                 being
                 not
                 a
                 thousand
                 yeers
                 since
                 t
                 was
                 walled
                 by
                 order
                 of
                 the
                 Emperor
                 Mauritius
                 )
                 yet
                 through
                 the
                 diligence
                 and
                 love
                 of
                 its
                 Princes
                 ,
                 t
                 is
                 so
                 increased
                 in
                 Edifices
                 and
                 Riches
                 ,
                 that
                 it
                 hath
                 deserved
                 a
                 place
                 amongst
                 the
                 chief
                 Cities
                 of
                 Italy
                 ,
                 which
                 increase
                 happened
                 under
                 the
                 Illustrious
                 Family
                 of
                 
                   Estè
                   ,
                   Giulio
                   Cesar
                   della
                   Scala
                
                 a
                 famous
                 Poet
                 commends
                 Ferrara
                 thus
                 .
                 
                   
                     Inclyta
                     quae
                     patulo
                     fruitur
                     Ferraria
                     coelo
                     ,
                  
                   
                     Reginas
                     rerum
                     limine
                     ditat
                     aquas
                     ;
                  
                   
                     Aurea
                     nobilitat
                     ,
                     studiorum
                     nobilis
                     ocii
                  
                   
                     Ingenia
                     ,
                     audaci
                     pectora
                     prompta
                     majus
                     ,
                  
                   
                     Magnanimique
                     Duces
                     ,
                     genus
                     alto
                     è
                     sanguine
                     Divum
                     .
                  
                
              
               
                 And
                 this
                 shall
                 suffice
                 touching
                 Ferraras
                 antiquity
                 ,
                 which
                 in
                 the
                 yeer
                 1598.
                 came
                 into
                 the
                 power
                 and
                 patrimony
                 of
                 
                   S.
                   Petre
                
                 ,
                 by
                 the
                 industry
                 and
                 pains
                 of
                 Pope
                 Clement
                 the
                 eighth
                 .
              
               
                 In
                 the
                 Duomo
                 lies
                 Pope
                 Urban
                 the
                 8th
                 .
                 in
                 a
                 sumptuous
                 Marble
                 monument
                 ,
                 near
                 which
                 one
                 may
                 read
                 of
                 the
                 learned
                 Man
                 
                   Gregorio
                   Geraldo
                
                 ,
                 what
                 ensues
                 ,
                 viz.
                 
                 
                   
                     Quid
                     hospes
                     adstas
                     ?
                     tymbion
                  
                   
                     Vides
                     Gyraldi
                     Lilii
                     ,
                  
                   
                     Fortunae
                     ntramque
                     paginam
                  
                   
                     Qui
                     pertulit
                     ,
                     sed
                     pessimae
                  
                   
                   
                     Est
                     usus
                     ,
                     altera
                     nihil
                  
                   
                     Opte
                     ferente
                     Apolline
                     .
                  
                   
                     Nil
                     scire
                     refert
                     amplius
                  
                   
                     Tua
                     aut
                     sua
                     ,
                     in
                     tuam
                     rem
                     abi
                     .
                  
                   
                     Lil.
                     Greg.
                     Giraldus
                     Prothon
                     .
                     Apostol
                     .
                     mortalitatis
                     memor
                  
                   
                     Anno
                     72.
                     
                     V.
                     S.
                     P.
                     Cur.
                     1550.
                     
                  
                
              
               
                 In
                 the
                 Church
                 of
                 Laint
                 Domenick
                 ,
                 near
                 the
                 Gate
                 ,
                 is
                 a
                 stately
                 Tomb
                 with
                 this
                 inscription
                 .
                 
                   D.
                   M.
                   Nicolao
                   Leoniceno
                   Vicentino
                   ,
                   qui
                   sibi
                   Ferrariam
                   patriam
                   maluit
                   ,
                   ubi
                   annos
                   60.
                   
                   Italos
                   ,
                   &
                   provinciales
                   magna
                   celebritate
                   Graecè
                   ,
                   &
                   Latinè
                   instituit
                   ,
                   continua
                   serie
                   apud
                   Principes
                   Estenses
                   magno
                   in
                   honore
                   habitus
                   ,
                   Unus
                   omnium
                   magis
                   pectore
                   ,
                   quam
                   lingua
                   philosophiam
                   professus
                   rerum
                   naturae
                   abditissimarum
                   experientissimus
                   ,
                   qui
                   primus
                   herbariam
                   bene
                   desitam
                   ,
                   &
                   sylvam
                   rei
                   medicae
                   injuria
                   temporum
                   negligenter
                   habitam
                   in
                   dispositionem
                   magna
                   ope
                   mortalium
                   revocavit
                   ,
                   in
                   barbaros
                   conditores
                   pertinaciter
                   stylum
                   perstrinxit
                   ,
                   &
                   studio
                   veritatis
                   ,
                   cum
                   omni
                   antiquitate
                   acerrimè
                   depugnavit
                   ,
                   annos
                   natus
                   sex
                   &
                   nonaginta
                   ,
                   cum
                   jam
                   aeternis
                   monumentis
                   in
                   arcem
                   immortalitatis
                   sibi
                   gradum
                   fecisset
                   ,
                   homo
                   esse
                   defiit
                   Alphonsus
                   Estensis
                   ,
                   Dux
                   Tertius
                   ,
                   &
                   S.
                   P.
                   Q.
                   Ferrariens
                   .
                   benemerito
                   posuere
                   ,
                   sexto
                   idus
                   Junii
                   .
                   M.
                   D.
                   XXIV
                   ,
                   Bonaventura
                   Pistopholo
                   grato
                   ipsius
                   discipulo
                   pocurante
                   .
                
              
               
                 In
                 the
                 noble
                 Church
                 of
                 the
                 Benedictines
                 ,
                 upon
                 a
                 Column
                 of
                 the
                 Prince
                 of
                 Italian
                 Poets
                 ,
                 may
                 be
                 read
                 thus
                 .
                 
                   Ludovico
                   Areosto
                   Poetae
                   Patritio
                   Ferrariensi
                   Augustinus
                   Mustus
                   tanto
                   viro
                   ,
                   ac
                   dese
                   bene
                   meren
                   .
                   Tumulum
                   ,
                   &
                   Effigiem
                   marmoream
                   ,
                   aere
                   proprio
                   P.
                   C.
                   Anno
                   salutis
                   M.
                   D.
                   LXXXIII
                   .
                   Alphonso
                   Secondo
                   Duce
                   ,
                   vixit
                   annos
                   56.
                   obiit
                   anno
                   sal
                   .
                   1533.
                   8.
                   
                   Idus
                   Junii
                   .
                
              
               
                 And
                 a
                 little
                 below
                 ,
                 that
                 of
                 the
                 composition
                 of
                 
                   Lorenzo
                   Frizoli
                
                 .
                 
                   
                     Hic
                     Areostus
                     situs
                     est
                     ,
                     qui
                     comico
                     ,
                  
                   
                     Aures
                     sparsit
                     Teatri
                     Urbanos
                     sale
                  
                   
                     Satyraque
                     mores
                     strinxit
                     ,
                     acer
                     improbos
                  
                   
                     Heroa
                     culto
                     ,
                     qui
                     ferentem
                     carmine
                     ,
                  
                   
                     Ducumque
                     curas
                     cecinit
                     ,
                     ac
                     praelia
                  
                   
                     Vales
                     corona
                     dignus
                     unus
                     triplici
                     ,
                  
                   
                     Cui
                     trina
                     constant
                     ,
                     quae
                     fuerevatibus
                  
                   
                     Gratiis
                     ,
                     Latinis
                     ,
                     vixque
                     Hetruscis
                     Singula
                     .
                  
                
              
               
                 In
                 the
                 Cloyster
                 of
                 the
                 Carmelites
                 stands
                 a
                 Marble
                 Tablet
                 with
                 a
                 memorial
                 of
                 Manardo
                 thus
                 .
                 
                   Jo.
                   Manardo
                   Ferrariensi
                   viro
                   uni
                   omnium
                   integerr
                   .
                   ac
                   sanctis
                   .
                   Philosopho
                   ,
                   &
                   Medic.
                   doctis
                   .
                   qui
                   ann
                   .
                   P.
                   M.
                   LX.
                   continenter
                   tum
                   docendo
                   ,
                   &
                   scribendo
                   ,
                   tum
                   innocentis
                   .
                   medendo
                   omnem
                   medicinam
                   ex
                   arce
                   bonarum
                   literar
                   .
                   foedè
                   prolapsam
                   ,
                   &
                   in
                   barbar
                   .
                   potestatem
                   ,
                   ac
                   ditionem
                   redactam
                   prostratis
                   ,
                   ac
                   profligatis
                   hostium
                   copiis
                   identidem
                   ,
                   ut
                   
                   Hydra
                   renascentibus
                   in
                   antiquum
                   pristinumque
                   statum
                   ,
                   ac
                   nitorem
                   stituit
                   .
                   Lauream
                   omnium
                   bonorum
                   consensu
                   adeptus
                   IIII.
                   &
                   LXX
                   .
                   ann
                   .
                   agens
                   omnibus
                   omnium
                   ordinum
                   sui
                   desiderium
                   relinquens
                   humilise
                   hoc
                   sarcophago
                   condijussit
                   .
                
                 
                   Julia
                   Marandauxor
                   .
                   moestiss
                   .
                   quod
                   ab
                   eo
                   optabat
                   posuit
                   Haec
                   brevis
                   exuvias
                   magni
                   capit
                   urna
                   Manardi
                
                 
                   Nam
                   virtus
                   latè
                   docta
                   per
                   ora
                   volat
                   .
                   Mens
                   pia
                   cum
                   superis
                   caeli
                   colit
                   aurea
                   templa
                
                 
                   Hinc
                   hospes
                   vitae
                   sint
                   documenta
                   tuae
                   .
                   M.
                   D.
                   XXXVI
                   .
                   Men.
                   Mart.
                   
                
              
            
          
           
             
               The
               Journy
               from
               FERRARA
               to
               VENICE
               .
            
             
               
                 CHIOZA
                 .
              
               
                 PArting
                 from
                 Ferrara
                 five
                 miles
                 upon
                 the
                 Poe
                 ,
                 stands
                 Francolino
                 ,
                 where
                 embarking
                 ,
                 and
                 passing
                 by
                 the
                 several
                 Towns
                 
                   Ronigo
                   ,
                   Papoza
                   ,
                   Corbola
                
                 ,
                 and
                 Arriano
                 ,
                 you
                 embark
                 on
                 the
                 Sea
                 ,
                 near
                 the
                 
                   Porte
                   Goro
                
                 ,
                 whence
                 coasting
                 the
                 Land
                 North-ward
                 ,
                 you
                 shall
                 arrive
                 at
                 Chioza
                 a
                 City
                 which
                 hath
                 a
                 good
                 Port
                 ,
                 The
                 people
                 consist
                 for
                 the
                 most
                 part
                 of
                 Mariners
                 Fishermen
                 ,
                 and
                 good
                 Gardiners
                 .
                 Chioza
                 is
                 famous
                 for
                 the
                 deeds
                 of
                 Arms
                 performed
                 there
                 between
                 the
                 Genovesi
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Venetians
                 and
                 was
                 much
                 increased
                 by
                 the
                 people
                 of
                 Este
                 and
                 Monselice
                 ,
                 who
                 fled
                 thither
                 to
                 to
                 save
                 themselves
                 at
                 the
                 inroade
                 of
                 the
                 Hunns
                 In
                 the
                 time
                 of
                 
                   Ordelafo
                   Faliero
                
                 ,
                 Duke
                 of
                 Venice
                 ,
                 the
                 Bishoprick
                 of
                 the
                 City
                 Malimacco
                 ,
                 (
                 overflowed
                 by
                 the
                 Sea
                 )
                 was
                 transferred
                 thither
                 ,
                 and
                 for
                 that
                 cause
                 t
                 was
                 created
                 a
                 City
                 .
                 On
                 the
                 East
                 part
                 of
                 Chioza
                 in
                 the
                 Sea
                 lies
                 a
                 Ridge
                 of
                 Sand
                 in
                 the
                 Sea
                 in
                 the
                 nature
                 of
                 a
                 Rampart
                 pose
                 to
                 oppose
                 the
                 fury
                 of
                 the
                 Adriatick
                 Sea
                 ,
                 30
                 miles
                 long
                 from
                 South
                 to
                 North.
                 T
                 is
                 almost
                 incredible
                 what
                 vast
                 quantities
                 of
                 Comodities
                 are
                 extracted
                 from
                 it
                 to
                 Venice
                 ,
                 which
                 are
                 there
                 produced
                 by
                 the
                 ingenuity
                 of
                 the
                 Gardiners
                 ,
                 the
                 fertility
                 of
                 the
                 Soyl
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 natural
                 Orchards
                 full
                 of
                 greens
                 whereof
                 and
                 of
                 gardens
                 it
                 most
                 consists
                 ,
                 which
                 are
                 ordered
                 exactly
                 well
                 .
                 From
                 Chioza
                 sayling
                 South
                 ward
                 you
                 se
                 
                   Ancona
                   ,
                   Pesaro
                   ,
                   Rimini
                   ,
                   Cesenna
                   ,
                
                 and
                 Ravenna
                 ,
                 but
                 going
                 by
                 Land
                 ,
                 discover
                 many
                 Ports
                 ,
                 as
                 
                   Goro
                   ,
                   Bebe
                   ,
                   Volano
                   ,
                   Magnavacca
                   ,
                   Primano
                   ,
                
                 and
                 Brondolo
                 :
              
               
                 From
                 Chioza
                 to
                 Venice
                 are
                 20.
                 miles
                 ,
                 in
                 which
                 space
                 stands
                 Malomocco
                 ,
                 an
                 Island
                 heretofore
                 enobled
                 by
                 the
                 Duke
                 of
                 Venice
                 his
                 Residence
                 ,
                 there
                 is
                 the
                 
                   Porto
                   Malomocco
                
                 ,
                 which
                 through
                 its
                 profundity
                 is
                 rendered
                 dangerous
                 .
                 And
                 also
                 Poveggia
                 ,
                 now
                 an
                 uninhabited
                 Island
                 ,
                 but
                 at
                 the
                 first
                 Venetians
                 planting
                 ,
                 well-peopled
                 ,
                 in
                 it
                 still
                 remains
                 a
                 miraculous
                 Crucifix
                 ,
                 together
                 with
                 many
                 other
                 small
                 Islands
                 ,
                 Monasteries
                 ,
                 Hospitals
                 ,
                 Orchards
                 ,
                 and
                 Gardens
                 ,
                 between
                 which
                 lies
                 the
                 most
                 noble
                 City
                 Venice
                 ,
                 who
                 scarce
                 finds
                 a
                 Parallel
                 .
              
            
          
           
             
               The
               Journy
               from
               FERRARA
               to
               RAVENNA
               ,
               and
               to
               RIMINI
               .
            
             
               IN
               the
               Suburbs
               of
               Ferrara
               towards
               Ostro
               the
               Poe
               being
               past
               by
               a
               certain
               long
               Bridge
               of
               Wood
               ,
               stands
               the
               Church
               of
               S.
               Gregorio
               ,
               
               wherein
               the
               Body
               of
               
                 S.
                 Maurelio
              
               first
               Bishop
               of
               Ferrara
               ,
               is
               carefully
               layed
               up
               .
               Here
               the
               Poe
               parts
               with
               a
               great
               Arm
               ,
               which
               having
               bathed
               the
               great
               Level
               ,
               runs
               by
               
                 Mejaro
                 ,
                 Mejarino
              
               ,
               and
               other
               places
               into
               the
               Adriatick
               Sea
               ;
               But
               the
               greater
               Chanel
               runs
               Southward
               ,
               and
               at
               8.
               miles
               distance
               hath
               on
               its
               Banks
               the
               Bourg
               Argenta
               ,
               so
               named
               from
               from
               the
               quantity
               of
               Sylver
               which
               every
               so
               many
               yeers
               ,
               it
               payed
               to
               the
               Church
               of
               Ravenna
               ,
               on
               its
               right
               hand
               are
               many
               deep
               Trenches
               filled
               with
               good
               fish
               .
            
             
               Three
               miles
               beyond
               Argenta
               stood
               Bastia
               ,
               a
               Fort
               (
               now
               demolished
               )
               where
               the
               Armies
               of
               Pope
               Giulius
               the
               second
               ,
               and
               Alphonso
               first
               Duke
               of
               Ferrara
               ,
               fought
               a
               sharp
               Battail
               .
               Ten
               miles
               beyond
               it
               lies
               Lugo
               a
               noble
               Town
               ,
               
                 Bagnac
                 avollo
              
               ,
               a
               Bourg
               ,
               and
               Cotignana
               the
               native
               Country
               of
               the
               Sforzeschan
               Princes
               ,
               
                 Babiano
                 ,
                 Mazolino
                 ,
                 Imola
              
               ,
               and
               Faenza
               with
               others
               .
            
             
               On
               the
               left
               side
               of
               the
               Poe
               ,
               are
               fertile
               Fields
               ,
               and
               a
               Palace
               of
               the
               Prince
               of
               Este
               ,
               so
               large
               and
               well
               furnished
               ,
               that
               it
               may
               give
               a
               reception
               to
               a
               great
               King.
               In
               this
               neighbourhood
               were
               antiently
               twelve
               large
               Towns
               :
               whose
               inhabitants
               by
               one
               unanimous
               consent
               built
               Ferrara
               .
            
             
               Pursuing
               the
               Poe
               for
               twenty
               miles
               ,
               lye
               many
               fayr
               and
               pleasant
               Towns
               ,
               as
               Longastino
               and
               Filo
               ,
               so
               called
               for
               that
               there
               the
               Poe
               ,
               runs
               for
               six
               miles
               as
               strait
               as
               a
               thred
               or
               line
               .
               
                 San
                 Alberto
              
               ,
               and
               Priniaro
               where
               the
               Poe
               runs
               into
               the
               Sea
               ,
               from
               
                 Sant
                 Alberto
              
               looking
               Northward
               you
               may
               see
               Comacchio
               ,
               near
               the
               Sea
               shore
               ,
               with
               a
               Lake
               or
               standing
               Pool
               round
               it
               ,
               wherein
               they
               take
               vast
               quantities
               of
               Mullets
               ,
               and
               Eeles
               ,
               some
               weighing
               30.
               pound
               ,
               Comacchio
               was
               antiently
               a
               famous
               City
               ,
               but
               now
               t
               is
               near
               destroyed
               by
               the
               waters
               ,
               hereabouts
               also
               lies
               the
               Abbacy
               of
               Pomposa
               .
               On
               the
               left
               of
               Saint
               Albergo
               ,
               are
               Fenny
               Fields
               ,
               wherein
               to
               this
               day
               may
               be
               seen
               the
               
                 Fossa
                 Messanitia
              
               ,
               made
               by
               our
               Ancestors
               ,
               but
               now
               t
               is
               a
               narrow
               Chanel
               to
               navigate
               to
               Ravenua
               ,
               in
               small
               Barks
               ,
               it
               formerly
               run
               50.
               miles
               navigable
               ,
               and
               was
               called
               Padusa
               .
            
             
               
                 RAVENNA
                 .
              
               
                 THis
                 City
                 is
                 more
                 memorable
                 for
                 its
                 antiquity
                 than
                 fair
                 building
                 being
                 first
                 built
                 by
                 the
                 Thessalonians
                 ,
                 who
                 being
                 perplexed
                 and
                 molested
                 by
                 the
                 Ombrians
                 ,
                 and
                 Sabines
                 ,
                 voluntarily
                 gave
                 it
                 them
                 up
                 ▪
                 and
                 returned
                 into
                 Greece
                 ,
                 but
                 the
                 Ombrians
                 were
                 thence
                 driven
                 by
                 the
                 French
                 ,
                 and
                 they
                 by
                 the
                 Romans
                 ,
                 under
                 whom
                 it
                 remained
                 till
                 they
                 with
                 the
                 Heruli
                 took
                 the
                 Country
                 Odouacre
                 ,
                 but
                 then
                 they
                 were
                 driven
                 out
                 by
                 the
                 Ostrogoths
                 ,
                 under
                 Theodorick
                 their
                 King
                 who
                 made
                 it
                 his
                 Regal
                 Seat
                 ,
                 under
                 whom
                 it
                 remained
                 70.
                 yeers
                 ,
                 and
                 then
                 they
                 were
                 beaten
                 out
                 by
                 Narsete
                 ,
                 Praefect
                 of
                 Justinian
                 the
                 Emperor
                 ,
                 under
                 the
                 Title
                 of
                 Exarchi
                 ,
                 after
                 whom
                 17.
                 more
                 Exarchi
                 governed
                 it
                 170.
                 yeers
                 ,
                 who
                 were
                 all
                 that
                 time
                 held
                 in
                 continual
                 skirmishes
                 with
                 the
                 Longobardi
                 ,
                 who
                 were
                 called
                 into
                 Italy
                 by
                 Narsete
                 ,
                 against
                 the
                 said
                 Emperour
                 of
                 Constantinople
                 .
                 For
                 Narsete
                 being
                 accused
                 to
                 Giustino
                 ,
                 Successor
                 to
                 Justinian
                 ,
                 for
                 some
                 crime
                 ,
                 whereat
                 Giustino
                 was
                 offended
                 which
                 backed
                 with
                 the
                 instigation
                 of
                 the
                 Emperours
                 wife
                 ,
                 caused
                 the
                 Emperour
                 to
                 send
                 another
                 to
                 be
                 Exarche
                 in
                 his
                 Room
                 ,
                 who
                 being
                 exasperated
                 against
                 the
                 Emperour
                 for
                 it
                 ,
                 invited
                 in
                 the
                 
                 Longobardi
                 against
                 the
                 Empire
                 ,
                 by
                 whose
                 hands
                 the
                 Exarcate
                 of
                 Italy
                 was
                 extinct
                 .
                 This
                 Exarche
                 was
                 in
                 the
                 nature
                 of
                 a
                 King
                 ,
                 having
                 plenary
                 Jurisdiction
                 in
                 all
                 things
                 without
                 appeal
                 :
                 Astolfo
                 some
                 time
                 after
                 being
                 overcome
                 by
                 Pipino
                 King
                 of
                 the
                 French
                 ,
                 gave
                 up
                 Ravenna
                 to
                 the
                 Church
                 of
                 Rome
                 ,
                 but
                 Desiderius
                 successor
                 to
                 Astolfo
                 ,
                 not
                 regarding
                 his
                 Faith
                 after
                 the
                 retreat
                 of
                 Pipin
                 with
                 the
                 French
                 Army
                 ,
                 possessed
                 himself
                 again
                 of
                 Ravenna
                 and
                 other
                 Towns
                 ,
                 but
                 the
                 Emperour
                 Charles
                 the
                 Great
                 returning
                 into
                 Italy
                 with
                 the
                 French
                 Army
                 ,
                 overcame
                 and
                 took
                 him
                 Prisoner
                 ,
                 when
                 the
                 Longobardi
                 were
                 forced
                 to
                 quit
                 Italy
                 altogether
                 ,
                 so
                 that
                 it
                 hath
                 suffered
                 many
                 disgraces
                 ,
                 and
                 was
                 afterwards
                 sacked
                 by
                 the
                 French
                 ,
                 and
                 destroyed
                 by
                 civil
                 discord
                 .
              
               
                 Strabo
                 saies
                 that
                 in
                 his
                 time
                 Ravenna
                 stood
                 upon
                 certain
                 Piles
                 driven
                 into
                 the
                 Fennes
                 ,
                 and
                 that
                 the
                 water
                 passed
                 under
                 it
                 ,
                 so
                 that
                 no
                 coming
                 was
                 to
                 it
                 but
                 by
                 Bridges
                 or
                 Boats
                 ,
                 and
                 when
                 the
                 waters
                 were
                 high
                 ,
                 then
                 the
                 people
                 were
                 forced
                 to
                 get
                 up
                 into
                 the
                 upper
                 Rooms
                 ,
                 yet
                 for
                 all
                 that
                 t
                 was
                 healthfull
                 ,
                 as
                 Alexandria
                 in
                 AEgypt
                 ,
                 but
                 now
                 the
                 Waters
                 are
                 so
                 dryed
                 up
                 that
                 the
                 Fenns
                 are
                 become
                 Excellent
                 Meadows
                 ,
                 Pastures
                 ,
                 and
                 Corn
                 Grouuds
                 ,
                 many
                 Historians
                 agree
                 that
                 t
                 was
                 much
                 beautified
                 by
                 
                   Augustus
                   Caesar
                
                 ,
                 accommodating
                 it
                 with
                 a
                 great
                 Bridge
                 ,
                 and
                 erecting
                 the
                 high
                 Tower
                 called
                 Faro
                 ,
                 where
                 he
                 encamped
                 an
                 Army
                 for
                 defence
                 of
                 the
                 Gulfs
                 and
                 lodged
                 the
                 Souldiers
                 in
                 the
                 midst
                 of
                 the
                 City
                 ,
                 in
                 a
                 form
                 like
                 a
                 Castle
                 ,
                 which
                 afterwards
                 was
                 called
                 the
                 Fortezza
                 of
                 Ravenna
                 ,
                 it
                 had
                 another
                 Fort
                 called
                 Cesarea
                 ,
                 with
                 Walls
                 and
                 Bastions
                 ,
                 which
                 strongly
                 fortifyed
                 the
                 Port
                 of
                 Ravenna
                 ,
                 but
                 at
                 present
                 neither
                 the
                 Ports
                 nor
                 Forts
                 appear
                 ,
                 only
                 some
                 certain
                 old
                 Churches
                 and
                 Monasteries
                 of
                 little
                 moment
                 .
                 On
                 the
                 
                   Porta
                   Speriosa
                
                 ,
                 for
                 its
                 structure
                 ,
                 and
                 good
                 Marble
                 called
                 Aurea
                 ,
                 is
                 this
                 Title
                 .
                 
                   TI.
                   CLAUDIUS
                   .
                   DRUSI
                   .
                   F.
                   CAESAR
                   .
                   AUG
                   .
                   GERMANICUS
                   .
                   PONT
                   .
                   MAX.
                   TR.
                   POT
                   .
                   COS.
                   II.
                   DES
                   .
                   III.
                   IMP.
                   III.
                   P.
                   P.
                   DEDIT
                   .
                
              
               
                 Whence
                 t
                 is
                 supposed
                 that
                 the
                 Emperour
                 Claudius
                 fortifyed
                 Ravenna
                 with
                 Walls
                 and
                 a
                 new
                 Port
                 ,
                 Biondo
                 affirms
                 ,
                 that
                 Ravenna
                 was
                 amplified
                 by
                 
                   Placida
                   Galla
                
                 ,
                 sister
                 of
                 Arcadio
                 ,
                 and
                 Honorius
                 the
                 Emperours
                 ,
                 and
                 by
                 her
                 Sons
                 Valentiniano
                 ,
                 and
                 Tiberio
                 ,
                 also
                 Theodrick
                 King
                 of
                 the
                 Goths
                 ,
                 beautified
                 it
                 with
                 stately
                 edifices
                 ,
                 and
                 enriched
                 it
                 with
                 the
                 spoil
                 of
                 the
                 other
                 Provinces
                 ,
                 as
                 appears
                 by
                 those
                 Churches
                 ,
                 Palaces
                 ,
                 &
                 other
                 structures
                 raised
                 by
                 him
                 and
                 his
                 successors
                 ,
                 and
                 yet
                 extant
                 .
              
               
                 In
                 Ravenna
                 near
                 the
                 
                   Piazza
                   Santa
                   Maria
                
                 stands
                 a
                 great
                 Convent
                 ,
                 and
                 in
                 it
                 the
                 magnificent
                 Tombe
                 of
                 
                   Dante
                   Algieri
                
                 ,
                 erected
                 to
                 him
                 by
                 
                   Bernardo
                   Bembo
                
                 the
                 
                   Venetian
                   Podesta
                
                 in
                 Ravenna
                 ,
                 with
                 this
                 Inscription
                 by
                 the
                 said
                 Bembo
                 .
                 
                   
                     Exiguo
                     tumulo
                     Danthes
                     ,
                     hic
                     sorte
                     jacebas
                  
                   
                     Squallenti
                     nulli
                     cognito
                     pene
                     situ
                     ,
                  
                   
                     At
                     nunc
                     marmoreo
                     subnixus
                     conderis
                     arcu
                     ,
                  
                   
                     Omnibus
                     &
                     cultu
                     splendidiore
                     nites
                     ,
                  
                   
                   
                     Nimirum
                     Bembus
                     Musis
                     incensus
                     Hetruscis
                  
                   
                     Hoc
                     tibi
                     ,
                     quem
                     in
                     primi
                     hae
                     coluere
                     ,
                     didit
                     .
                  
                
              
               
                 And
                 with
                 this
                 other
                 Inscription
                 which
                 the
                 said
                 Dante
                 near
                 his
                 death
                 composed
                 .
                 
                   
                     Iura
                     Monarchiae
                     ,
                     superos
                     Phlegetonta
                     ,
                     lacusque
                  
                   
                     Lustrando
                     cecini
                     ,
                     voluerunt
                     Fata
                     quousque
                  
                   
                     Sed
                     qua
                     pars
                     cesset
                     meliorib
                     .
                     hospita
                     castris
                     ,
                  
                   
                     Actorumque
                     suum
                     petiit
                     faelicior
                     astris
                     ,
                  
                   
                     Hic
                     claudor
                     Danthes
                     patriis
                     extortis
                     ab
                     oris
                     ,
                  
                   
                     Quem
                     genuit
                     parui
                     Florentia
                     mater
                     amoris
                     .
                  
                
              
               
                 The
                 biggest
                 Church
                 of
                 Ravenna
                 ,
                 is
                 the
                 Arch-Bishops
                 ,
                 upon
                 whose
                 high
                 Altar
                 was
                 formerly
                 sustained
                 a
                 massy
                 Silver
                 heaven
                 or
                 canopy
                 on
                 four
                 Pillars
                 ,
                 which
                 was
                 worth
                 30000.
                 
                 Crowns
                 ,
                 with
                 excellent
                 ornaments
                 wrought
                 with
                 Gold
                 ,
                 all
                 which
                 were
                 taken
                 away
                 by
                 the
                 sacriligious
                 people
                 of
                 Lewis
                 the
                 12th
                 .
                 King
                 of
                 France
                 ,
                 when
                 without
                 any
                 difference
                 he
                 sacked
                 this
                 City
                 ,
                 for
                 which
                 they
                 afterwards
                 received
                 from
                 the
                 most
                 high
                 condigne
                 punishment
                 ,
                 being
                 most
                 of
                 them
                 cut
                 in
                 pieces
                 ,
                 or
                 forced
                 to
                 leap
                 into
                 the
                 Poe
                 ,
                 or
                 Tesino
                 ,
                 where
                 they
                 drowned
                 themselves
                 .
                 In
                 a
                 Semicircular
                 Chapel
                 ,
                 are
                 Limned
                 those
                 first
                 Arch-Bishops
                 of
                 Ravenna
                 (
                 elected
                 by
                 the
                 shewing
                 of
                 a
                 Dove
                 )
                 in
                 Mosaick
                 work
                 ,
                 a
                 fair
                 piece
                 ,
                 whose
                 election
                 was
                 after
                 this
                 manner
                 .
              
               
                 
                   Sant
                   Apollinare
                
                 (
                 believed
                 one
                 of
                 the
                 72
                 Disciples
                 of
                 Christ
                 ,
                 then
                 ascended
                 into
                 Heaven
                 ,
                 )
                 departing
                 from
                 Antiochia
                 ,
                 with
                 Saint
                 Peter
                 togo
                 to
                 Rome
                 ,
                 had
                 in
                 his
                 passage
                 taught
                 the
                 Christian
                 Faith
                 at
                 Ravenna
                 ,
                 and
                 afterwards
                 stayed
                 there
                 to
                 govern
                 it
                 ,
                 whom
                 none
                 of
                 the
                 Disciples
                 by
                 him
                 left
                 judged
                 themselves
                 sit
                 to
                 succeed
                 to
                 govern
                 that
                 Church
                 where
                 fore
                 all
                 of
                 them
                 together
                 withdrew
                 themselves
                 into
                 a
                 Temple
                 to
                 pray
                 to
                 God
                 to
                 demonstrate
                 to
                 w●…h
                 of
                 them
                 it
                 would
                 please
                 his
                 Divine
                 Majesty
                 to
                 commit
                 that
                 care
                 ,
                 whereat
                 the
                 holy
                 Spirit
                 in
                 the
                 form
                 of
                 a
                 Dove
                 descended
                 upon
                 the
                 head
                 of
                 one
                 ,
                 who
                 was
                 understood
                 by
                 it
                 to
                 be
                 elected
                 by
                 God
                 to
                 that
                 Dignity
                 ,
                 after
                 which
                 manner
                 eleaven
                 Arch-Bishops
                 were
                 successively
                 chosen
                 .
                 And
                 the
                 Casement
                 ,
                 whereat
                 the
                 Dove
                 entred
                 is
                 yet
                 apparent
                 though
                 half
                 shut
                 ,
                 over
                 the
                 Arch
                 of
                 the
                 high
                 Altar
                 in
                 the
                 Church
                 of
                 
                   Spirito
                   Santo
                
                 in
                 this
                 City
                 ,
                 in
                 which
                 Church
                 on
                 the
                 left
                 hand
                 is
                 a
                 heap
                 of
                 Bricks
                 ,
                 near
                 which
                 in
                 a
                 Corner
                 stood
                 Severus
                 a
                 mean
                 person
                 and
                 a
                 simple
                 Man
                 ,
                 upon
                 whose
                 head
                 the
                 holy
                 Spirit
                 descended
                 visible
                 to
                 all
                 ,
                 he
                 being
                 the
                 last
                 of
                 the
                 eleaven
                 .
              
               
                 T
                 is
                 worth
                 ones
                 pains
                 to
                 view
                 the
                 Church
                 of
                 Saint
                 Apollinare
                 ,
                 called
                 the
                 golden
                 heaven
                 ,
                 built
                 most
                 sumptuously
                 by
                 Theodorick
                 ,
                 King
                 of
                 the
                 Ostrogoths
                 ,
                 it
                 hath
                 two
                 ranks
                 of
                 most
                 noble
                 great
                 Columns
                 ,
                 brought
                 hither
                 by
                 that
                 King
                 from
                 Constantinople
                 ,
                 and
                 is
                 garnished
                 with
                 many
                 pretious
                 Marbles
                 ,
                 extracted
                 from
                 Rome
                 ,
                 and
                 other
                 places
                 of
                 Italy
                 ,
                 and
                 also
                 some
                 other
                 Churches
                 .
              
               
                 In
                 Ravenna
                 are
                 many
                 antiquities
                 ,
                 Epitaphs
                 ,
                 and
                 antient
                 Memorials
                 ,
                 whose
                 Letters
                 and
                 words
                 require
                 a
                 University
                 of
                 Interpreters
                 .
                 The
                 ruines
                 of
                 a
                 stately
                 Palace
                 (
                 supposed
                 King
                 Theoricks
                 )
                 appear
                 yet
                 in
                 the
                 midst
                 of
                 its
                 Fountain
                 is
                 a
                 statue
                 of
                 
                   Hercules
                   Horarius
                
                 ,
                 not
                 elsewhere
                 found
                 .
                 Hercules
                 stands
                 like
                 an
                 Atlas
                 ,
                 bending
                 with
                 his
                 left
                 knee
                 as
                 ready
                 to
                 rise
                 ,
                 who
                 with
                 his
                 two
                 hands
                 elevated
                 and
                 his
                 head
                 
                 together
                 supports
                 a
                 Solar
                 Horologe
                 ,
                 whereon
                 the
                 shadow
                 of
                 the
                 needle
                 from
                 the
                 Sun
                 shewes
                 the
                 houre
                 of
                 the
                 day
                 .
                 A
                 like
                 statue
                 of
                 Hercules
                 was
                 found
                 in
                 Rome
                 in
                 the
                 Vineyard
                 of
                 
                   Steffano
                   del
                   Buffalo
                
                 ,
                 which
                 instead
                 of
                 the
                 Horologe
                 supported
                 a
                 round
                 Globe
                 with
                 the
                 Celestial
                 Signs
                 ,
                 distinctly
                 figured
                 ,
                 but
                 this
                 difference
                 is
                 not
                 of
                 any
                 great
                 moment
                 ,
                 nearly
                 weighing
                 the
                 Signification
                 of
                 the
                 thing
                 for
                 the
                 knowlege
                 of
                 the
                 hour
                 arose
                 from
                 the
                 observation
                 of
                 the
                 Celestial
                 motion
                 ,
                 and
                 t
                 is
                 the
                 Sun
                 distinguishes
                 the
                 hour
                 ,
                 who
                 by
                 his
                 annual
                 course
                 visites
                 the
                 whole
                 Cirk
                 of
                 the
                 Firmament
                 ,
                 which
                 hath
                 caused
                 some
                 to
                 conjecture
                 ,
                 that
                 Hercules
                 signifies
                 the
                 Sun
                 ,
                 and
                 that
                 the
                 12
                 labours
                 counted
                 as
                 of
                 a
                 Mans
                 ,
                 is
                 the
                 Ingress
                 of
                 the
                 Sun
                 through
                 the
                 twelve
                 Signs
                 in
                 the
                 circuit
                 of
                 the
                 skies
                 ,
                 whereby
                 the
                 Sun
                 of
                 it self
                 casts
                 forth
                 its
                 beams
                 ,
                 persuing
                 which
                 Opinion
                 ,
                 misteriously
                 though
                 with
                 somewhat
                 accult
                 sense
                 they
                 apply
                 to
                 the
                 sun
                 all
                 the
                 other
                 Fables
                 of
                 Hercules
                 ,
                 which
                 are
                 two
                 tedious
                 here
                 to
                 be
                 applyed
                 ,
                 let
                 it
                 suffice
                 to
                 have
                 spoken
                 so
                 much
                 to
                 the
                 purpose
                 ,
                 of
                 that
                 statue
                 ,
                 to
                 rouse
                 up
                 our
                 youth
                 into
                 a
                 more
                 near
                 Scrutiny
                 of
                 the
                 sense
                 of
                 the
                 Fables
                 of
                 the
                 antients
                 ,
                 from
                 the
                 knowledge
                 wherein
                 may
                 be
                 extracted
                 many
                 natural
                 secrets
                 ,
                 hid
                 under
                 those
                 their
                 sayings
                 and
                 Fables
                 .
              
               
                 Before
                 Ravenna
                 stands
                 a
                 most
                 antient
                 round
                 Church
                 of
                 the
                 blessed
                 Virgin
                 ,
                 being
                 so
                 fair
                 and
                 large
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 inward
                 circle
                 is
                 25.
                 foot
                 in
                 diametre
                 :
                 The
                 walls
                 are
                 finely
                 wrought
                 ,
                 and
                 all
                 the
                 pavement
                 is
                 layed
                 with
                 small
                 stones
                 of
                 various
                 colours
                 ,
                 disposed
                 into
                 divers
                 pleasing
                 figures
                 after
                 the
                 Mosaick
                 work
                 ,
                 the
                 Roofis
                 of
                 one
                 squared
                 entire
                 hard
                 stone
                 hollowed
                 ,
                 in
                 the
                 midst
                 whereof
                 is
                 the
                 Cupola
                 ,
                 whereby
                 the
                 light
                 penetrates
                 ,
                 t
                 is
                 scarce
                 imaginable
                 how
                 or
                 by
                 what
                 Art
                 so
                 great
                 a
                 stone
                 could
                 be
                 mounted
                 so
                 high
                 ,
                 nor
                 where
                 had
                 the
                 Edge
                 or
                 Plate
                 on
                 the
                 Walls
                 at
                 top
                 as
                 near
                 as
                 can
                 be
                 guessed
                 are
                 about
                 35
                 foot
                 in
                 circuit
                 ,
                 above
                 the
                 said
                 Edge
                 on
                 the
                 top
                 four
                 fair
                 Collumns
                 in
                 former
                 times
                 susteyned
                 the
                 noble
                 Sepulchre
                 of
                 Theodorick
                 King
                 of
                 the
                 Ostrogothes
                 ,
                 of
                 Porphire
                 ,
                 specled
                 with
                 white
                 ,
                 being
                 one
                 entire
                 stone
                 eight
                 foot
                 long
                 ,
                 and
                 four
                 foot
                 high
                 ,
                 with
                 a
                 cover
                 of
                 Brass
                 figured
                 and
                 wrought
                 to
                 admiration
                 with
                 gold
                 and
                 othergarnishments
                 ,
                 which
                 Tombe
                 t
                 is
                 supposed
                 Amalesunta
                 his
                 Daughter
                 erected
                 ,
                 but
                 in
                 the
                 time
                 of
                 the
                 French
                 war
                 ,
                 the
                 wicked
                 Souldiers
                 of
                 Lewis
                 the
                 12th
                 .
                 King
                 of
                 France
                 ,
                 with
                 hopes
                 of
                 some
                 great
                 booty
                 within
                 ,
                 drew
                 it
                 down
                 and
                 broke
                 it
                 ,
                 whereof
                 some
                 Reliques
                 yet
                 remain
                 .
              
               
                 Three
                 miles
                 forth
                 the
                 City
                 in
                 the
                 way
                 to
                 Forli
                 ,
                 runs
                 the
                 River
                 Ronco
                 ,
                 on
                 the
                 Bank
                 whereof
                 stands
                 a
                 Cross
                 of
                 stone
                 ,
                 in
                 testimony
                 that
                 in
                 the
                 year
                 1512.
                 
                 
                   Gastone
                   de
                   Fois
                
                 Captain
                 of
                 the
                 French
                 Army
                 ,
                 there
                 obtained
                 a
                 victory
                 with
                 the
                 loss
                 of
                 his
                 own
                 life
                 ,
                 for
                 that
                 being
                 too
                 fiercly
                 bent
                 against
                 his
                 enemies
                 .
                 he
                 advanced
                 two
                 forward
                 with
                 very
                 few
                 in
                 full
                 speed
                 of
                 his
                 Horse
                 ,
                 and
                 of
                 a
                 sudden
                 was
                 dead
                 ,
                 in
                 which
                 battail
                 dyed
                 that
                 day
                 eighteen
                 thousand
                 Souldiers
                 ,
                 between
                 
                   French
                   ,
                   Spaniards
                   ,
                   Italians
                   ,
                   Germans
                
                 and
                 Switzers
                 .
              
            
             
               
               
                 CERVIA
                 .
              
               
                 NEar
                 Ravenna
                 lies
                 that
                 notable
                 Wood
                 called
                 Pigneda
                 ,
                 from
                 the
                 infinite
                 number
                 of
                 Pyne
                 trees
                 there
                 growing
                 ,
                 whose
                 Fruit
                 supply
                 all
                 Italy
                 .
                 Some
                 miles
                 beyond
                 which
                 stands
                 Cervia
                 ,
                 a
                 City
                 ,
                 but
                 ill
                 peopled
                 by
                 reason
                 of
                 the
                 malignant
                 ayr
                 ,
                 all
                 whose
                 Inhabitants
                 are
                 such
                 as
                 get
                 a
                 livelyhood
                 by
                 making
                 Salt
                 ,
                 with
                 Saltwater
                 dryed
                 in
                 the
                 Sun
                 ,
                 whereof
                 they
                 make
                 such
                 quantity
                 ,
                 that
                 white
                 Salt
                 lies
                 in
                 Mountains
                 .
                 In
                 it
                 is
                 nought
                 worth
                 noting
                 ,
                 unless
                 the
                 model
                 of
                 so
                 old
                 a
                 City
                 ,
                 built
                 meerly
                 for
                 necessity
                 .
                 The
                 Cathedral
                 Church
                 ,
                 although
                 it
                 hath
                 a
                 good
                 revenue
                 ,
                 seemes
                 but
                 a
                 Church
                 of
                 a
                 Villa
                 near
                 it
                 lies
                 a
                 Tomb
                 of
                 Marble
                 ,
                 in
                 form
                 of
                 a
                 Pyramide
                 ,
                 with
                 two
                 lovely
                 Children
                 carved
                 at
                 the
                 foot
                 of
                 it
                 .
                 After
                 it
                 had
                 been
                 under
                 several
                 Lords
                 in
                 Anno
                 1527.
                 it
                 became
                 a
                 part
                 of
                 the
                 Church
                 Patrimony
                 and
                 so
                 continues
                 .
              
               
                 Whence
                 you
                 must
                 passe
                 the
                 River
                 Savio
                 in
                 whose
                 Port
                 
                   Caesar
                   Octavianus
                
                 prepared
                 a
                 great
                 Armada
                 ,
                 and
                 then
                 to
                 the
                 River
                 Pistatello
                 formerly
                 called
                 Rubicone
                 ,
                 famous
                 not
                 only
                 for
                 that
                 the
                 Romans
                 made
                 it
                 the
                 bound
                 of
                 two
                 Provinces
                 ,
                 calling
                 the
                 one
                 towards
                 
                   Rome
                   ,
                   Italia
                
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 other
                 towards
                 the
                 
                   Alpes
                   ,
                   Gallia
                   Cisalpina
                
                 ,
                 and
                 commanded
                 that
                 no
                 Commander
                 of
                 what
                 quality
                 soever
                 ,
                 should
                 presume
                 to
                 pass
                 that
                 River
                 towards
                 Rome
                 with
                 armed
                 Souldiers
                 ;
                 but
                 also
                 for
                 that
                 
                   Iulius
                   Caesar
                
                 afterwards
                 (
                 against
                 the
                 determination
                 of
                 the
                 Senate
                 and
                 people
                 of
                 Rome
                 )
                 conducted
                 his
                 Army
                 over
                 that
                 River
                 towards
                 Rome
                 ,
                 where
                 he
                 first
                 consulted
                 by
                 reason
                 of
                 the
                 dangerous
                 consequence
                 might
                 ensue
                 so
                 rash
                 a
                 Deed
                 ,
                 and
                 in
                 the
                 end
                 resolved
                 and
                 passed
                 saying
                 ,
                 
                   Eatur
                   quo
                   Deorum
                   ostenta
                   ,
                   &
                   inimicorum
                   iniquitas
                   vocant
                   ,
                   Iacta
                   sit
                   alea
                   :
                
                 and
                 upon
                 his
                 demurr
                 ,
                 there
                 he
                 saw
                 certain
                 Birds
                 fly
                 ,
                 called
                 Augurii
                 which
                 (
                 to
                 his
                 Judgement
                 )
                 seemed
                 to
                 invite
                 him
                 to
                 transport
                 those
                 Souldiers
                 he
                 had
                 commanded
                 in
                 France
                 ,
                 to
                 commence
                 a
                 War
                 against
                 Rome
                 his
                 Mother
                 and
                 Country
                 .
              
               
                 Travailing
                 from
                 Ravenna
                 to
                 Rimini
                 ,
                 on
                 one
                 hand
                 lies
                 the
                 Sea
                 ,
                 and
                 on
                 the
                 other
                 fertile
                 and
                 pleasant
                 Fields
                 ,
                 the
                 
                   Via
                   Flaminia
                
                 ,
                 and
                 Alpes
                 ,
                 at
                 whose
                 Feet
                 stands
                 the
                 stately
                 City
                 Forli
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 FORLI
                 .
              
               
                 T
                 Is
                 believed
                 ,
                 that
                 (
                 after
                 Asdrubal
                 was
                 slain
                 by
                 the
                 Roman
                 Consul
                 
                   Livio
                   Salinatore
                
                 then
                 united
                 with
                 
                   Claudius
                   Nero
                
                 )
                 certain
                 old
                 Souldiers
                 built
                 a
                 Castle
                 and
                 called
                 it
                 Livio
                 ,
                 in
                 honour
                 of
                 the
                 said
                 Livius
                 the
                 Consul
                 ,
                 a
                 mile
                 and
                 halfe's
                 distance
                 from
                 where
                 Forli
                 now
                 stands
                 ,
                 but
                 because
                 in
                 the
                 
                   Via
                   Maestra
                
                 ,
                 there
                 was
                 a
                 fair
                 Town
                 wherein
                 they
                 made
                 their
                 Mart
                 for
                 Merchandize
                 ,
                 and
                 Seat
                 of
                 Judicature
                 ,
                 for
                 that
                 cause
                 called
                 Foro
                 ,
                 they
                 say
                 that
                 the
                 Inhabitants
                 of
                 Livio
                 ,
                 after
                 some
                 time
                 cousidering
                 that
                 t
                 was
                 more
                 comodious
                 to
                 inhabite
                 the
                 said
                 Town
                 than
                 their
                 Castle
                 Livio
                 ,
                 agreed
                 with
                 the
                 Townes
                 ▪
                 men
                 to
                 cohabite
                 together
                 ,
                 and
                 accordingly
                 by
                 Common
                 consent
                 ,
                 with
                 leave
                 of
                 Augustas
                 ,
                 which
                 was
                 easily
                 obtained
                 through
                 the
                 mediation
                 of
                 Livia
                 his
                 consort
                 ,
                 and
                 
                   Cornelio
                   Gallo
                   a
                   Liviese
                
                 ,
                 they
                 conjoyned
                 those
                 two
                 names
                 ,
                 Foro
                 and
                 Livio
                 ,
                 and
                 for
                 brevity
                 called
                 the
                 place
                 Forli
                 ,
                 which
                 in
                 Latine
                 by
                 the
                 name
                 clearly
                 appears
                 being
                 called
                 
                   forum
                   
                   Livii
                
                 ,
                 which
                 union
                 was
                 made
                 in
                 the
                 time
                 that
                 our
                 Lord
                 Christ
                 was
                 being
                 on
                 the
                 Earth
                 ,
                 and
                 208.
                 yeers
                 after
                 ,
                 the
                 first
                 foundation
                 of
                 the
                 Castle
                 
                   Livio
                   ,
                   Forli
                
                 is
                 placed
                 between
                 the
                 Rivers
                 Ronco
                 and
                 Montone
                 ,
                 enjoyes
                 a
                 delicate
                 ayr
                 with
                 a
                 most
                 fertile
                 Country
                 ,
                 in
                 Wines
                 ,
                 Oyls
                 ,
                 Corn
                 ,
                 and
                 Fruit
                 together
                 with
                 Coriander
                 ,
                 seed
                 ,
                 Anniseed
                 ,
                 Cumin-seed
                 ,
                 and
                 Woad
                 in
                 great
                 abundance
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 men
                 of
                 Forli
                 are
                 for
                 the
                 most
                 part
                 gallant
                 beyond
                 measure
                 ,
                 and
                 retains
                 the
                 martial
                 disposition
                 of
                 their
                 first
                 Founders
                 .
                 It
                 was
                 a
                 long
                 time
                 subject
                 to
                 the
                 Romans
                 ,
                 after
                 them
                 to
                 the
                 Bolonians
                 ,
                 and
                 because
                 four
                 Bolonians
                 banished
                 out
                 of
                 Bolonia
                 ,
                 were
                 courteously
                 entertained
                 in
                 Forli
                 ,
                 the
                 Bolonians
                 raised
                 a
                 great
                 Army
                 against
                 them
                 ,
                 but
                 in
                 a
                 Battail
                 received
                 such
                 an
                 overthrow
                 by
                 the
                 Forlesi
                 ,
                 that
                 they
                 never
                 could
                 raise
                 their
                 heads
                 after
                 it
                 ,
                 whereby
                 the
                 Bolonians
                 power
                 being
                 abated
                 .
                 the
                 Forlesi
                 yielded
                 themselves
                 up
                 to
                 the
                 Roman
                 Church
                 ,
                 from
                 whome
                 afterwards
                 revolting
                 Martin
                 the
                 4th
                 .
                 dismantled
                 it
                 ,
                 and
                 threw
                 down
                 the
                 Walls
                 ,
                 consigning
                 it
                 to
                 the
                 Family
                 Monfredi
                 ,
                 from
                 whom
                 it
                 passed
                 to
                 the
                 Ordelasi
                 ,
                 who
                 again
                 Walled
                 it
                 round
                 ,
                 but
                 Sistus
                 the
                 4th
                 .
                 gave
                 it
                 to
                 
                   Giorlamo
                   Biario
                   Savonese
                
                 ,
                 whom
                 
                   Caesar
                   Borgia
                
                 Son
                 of
                 
                   Alexander
                   the
                
                 6th
                 .
                 expelled
                 and
                 and
                 took
                 it
                 by
                 force
                 of
                 Arms
                 ,
                 but
                 at
                 last
                 in
                 the
                 time
                 of
                 Giulius
                 the
                 second
                 ,
                 it
                 again
                 returned
                 to
                 the
                 Church
                 under
                 whom
                 to
                 this
                 day
                 ,
                 it
                 continnes
                 in
                 peace
                 and
                 fidelity
                 ,
                 it
                 hath
                 yielded
                 many
                 learned
                 and
                 brave
                 men
                 ,
                 as
                 
                   Guidon
                   Bonato
                   ,
                   Rainiero
                   ,
                   Biondi
                   ,
                
                 and
                 others
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 BRITTONORO
                 .
              
               
                 ABove
                 Forli
                 stands
                 Brittonoro
                 ,
                 called
                 in
                 Latine
                 
                   Forum
                   Trijarinorum
                
                 ,
                 this
                 City
                 is
                 built
                 upon
                 a
                 hill
                 ,
                 and
                 above
                 it
                 hath
                 a
                 strong
                 Fort
                 fatal
                 to
                 Frederick
                 the
                 second
                 ,
                 it
                 was
                 a
                 Town
                 ,
                 but
                 created
                 a
                 City
                 at
                 the
                 instance
                 of
                 
                   Egidius
                   Carrilla
                
                 a
                 Spanish
                 Cardinal
                 ,
                 and
                 Legate
                 of
                 Italy
                 ,
                 who
                 having
                 destroyed
                 Forlimpopoli
                 ,
                 transferred
                 thence
                 his
                 Episcopal
                 Seat
                 ,
                 to
                 Brittonoro
                 ,
                 in
                 Anno
                 137.
                 it
                 participates
                 a
                 most
                 happy
                 Ayr
                 ,
                 and
                 rich
                 Country
                 ,
                 in
                 Olives
                 ,
                 Figgs
                 ,
                 Vynes
                 ,
                 Fruitful
                 Trees
                 ,
                 and
                 good
                 Waters
                 .
                 It
                 hath
                 one
                 place
                 erected
                 intentionally
                 for
                 a
                 prospect
                 ,
                 where
                 you
                 have
                 a
                 full
                 view
                 of
                 the
                 Adriatick
                 Sea
                 ,
                 of
                 
                   Dalmatia
                   ,
                   Croatia
                   ,
                   Venetia
                
                 ,
                 and
                 all
                 Romagna
                 ,
                 at
                 one
                 instant
                 ;
                 Barbarossa
                 the
                 Emperor
                 ,
                 at
                 the
                 instance
                 of
                 Pope
                 Alexander
                 the
                 third
                 ,
                 being
                 reconciled
                 to
                 the
                 Venetians
                 ,
                 for
                 this
                 beautiful
                 prospects
                 sake
                 requested
                 Brittonora
                 ,
                 of
                 the
                 Pope
                 for
                 his
                 habitation
                 ,
                 but
                 the
                 Pope
                 perpending
                 the
                 constant
                 fidelity
                 of
                 this
                 People
                 to
                 the
                 Sea
                 of
                 Rome
                 ,
                 prevayled
                 with
                 the
                 Emperor
                 by
                 fair
                 words
                 ,
                 not
                 to
                 take
                 from
                 the
                 Churches
                 government
                 ,
                 a
                 place
                 that
                 in
                 all
                 occasions
                 had
                 demonstrated
                 so
                 sincere
                 a
                 Faith
                 to
                 it
                 ,
                 and
                 so
                 it
                 continued
                 under
                 it
                 till
                 Alexander
                 the
                 6th
                 .
                 consigned
                 it
                 to
                 
                   Caesar
                   Borgio
                
                 ,
                 his
                 Son
                 ,
                 after
                 whom
                 the
                 civil
                 discords
                 had
                 almost
                 destroyed
                 it
                 ,
                 its
                 Inhabitants
                 being
                 so
                 prone
                 to
                 Arms
                 that
                 they
                 know
                 not
                 how
                 to
                 live
                 in
                 Peace
                 ,
                 Finally
                 Clement
                 the
                 seaventh
                 ,
                 consigned
                 it
                 to
                 the
                 Family
                 Pii
                 ,
                 who
                 yet
                 enjoy
                 it
                 .
              
            
             
               
               
                 FORIMPOPOLI
                 .
              
               
                 A
                 Mile
                 and
                 halfe
                 from
                 Brittonoro
                 ,
                 on
                 the
                 
                   Via
                   Emilia
                
                 stand
                 Forlimpopoli
                 ,
                 called
                 in
                 Latine
                 
                   Forum
                   Popilii
                
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 one
                 of
                 the
                 four
                 Fori
                 recorded
                 in
                 Pliny
                 ,
                 on
                 the
                 
                   Via
                   Emilia
                
                 .
                 T
                 was
                 a
                 City
                 ,
                 but
                 in
                 the
                 year
                 700.
                 
                 Vitaliano
                 being
                 Pope
                 ,
                 Griomaldo
                 King
                 of
                 the
                 Longobardi
                 ,
                 secretly
                 entred
                 it
                 on
                 the
                 Sabbath
                 day
                 ,
                 when
                 all
                 the
                 People
                 with
                 the
                 Bishop
                 were
                 at
                 Divine
                 Service
                 ,
                 and
                 slew
                 all
                 the
                 Males
                 and
                 Females
                 ,
                 which
                 done
                 he
                 sacked
                 the
                 City
                 ,
                 and
                 levelled
                 it
                 with
                 the
                 ground
                 .
                 It
                 was
                 afterwards
                 renewed
                 by
                 the
                 Forlinesi
                 ,
                 and
                 again
                 destroyed
                 by
                 
                   Egiddio
                   Carilla
                
                 the
                 Popes
                 Legate
                 dwelling
                 in
                 Avignone
                 ,
                 who
                 in
                 the
                 yeer
                 1370.
                 plowed
                 it
                 and
                 sowed
                 it
                 with
                 salt
                 for
                 its
                 utter
                 extirpation
                 ,
                 transfer●…ng
                 the
                 Episcopal
                 Seat
                 to
                 Brittonoro
                 as
                 afore
                 ▪
                 aid
                 ,
                 twenty
                 yeers
                 after
                 which
                 
                   Sinibaldo
                   Ordelafo
                
                 Lord
                 of
                 Forli
                 ,
                 repaired
                 it
                 ,
                 and
                 built
                 the
                 formidable
                 Castle
                 now
                 there
                 .
                 It
                 enjoyes
                 a
                 good
                 ayr
                 ,
                 fertile
                 Fields
                 ,
                 and
                 a
                 great
                 Ferry
                 affording
                 ample
                 profit
                 .
                 
                   Bofello
                   a
                
                 most
                 holy
                 man
                 of
                 of
                 stupenduous
                 miracles
                 ,
                 was
                 its
                 Bishop
                 ,
                 in
                 the
                 Catalogue
                 of
                 Saints
                 ,
                 whose
                 holy
                 bones
                 now
                 lye
                 in
                 the
                 Church
                 called
                 
                   Santa
                   Lucia
                   ,
                   Antonel
                   lo
                   Armuzzo
                
                 with
                 his
                 Sons
                 Meleagro
                 ,
                 and
                 Brunoro
                 ,
                 much
                 honoured
                 this
                 Country
                 ,
                 who
                 by
                 his
                 Genius
                 and
                 strength
                 from
                 a
                 mean
                 person
                 acquired
                 the
                 dignity
                 of
                 being
                 Captain
                 ,
                 of
                 the
                 Popes
                 Cavalry
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 SARSINA
                 .
              
               
                 NEar
                 Forlumpopoli
                 is
                 seated
                 the
                 City
                 Sarsino
                 ,
                 at
                 the
                 foot
                 of
                 the
                 Appenines
                 ,
                 whose
                 Citizens
                 furnished
                 20000.
                 
                 Armed
                 Souldiers
                 in
                 supply
                 to
                 the
                 Romans
                 against
                 the
                 French
                 ,
                 when
                 they
                 made
                 a
                 most
                 furious
                 eruption
                 over
                 the
                 Alpes
                 into
                 Italy
                 ,
                 Its
                 ayr
                 is
                 healthfull
                 ,
                 and
                 Territory
                 abounds
                 with
                 Olivs
                 ;
                 Vines
                 and
                 other
                 fruitful
                 Trees
                 .
                 It
                 continued
                 a
                 long
                 time
                 under
                 Malatesti
                 ,
                 but
                 when
                 Rimini
                 became
                 subject
                 to
                 the
                 Church
                 Sarsina
                 yeelded
                 with
                 it
                 afterwards
                 ,
                 Leo
                 the
                 10th
                 .
                 bestowed
                 it
                 on
                 the
                 house
                 of
                 Pii
                 ,
                 this
                 City
                 gave
                 birth
                 to
                 Vicino
                 Bishop
                 of
                 Liguria
                 a
                 most
                 holy
                 man
                 ,
                 and
                 famous
                 for
                 working
                 miracles
                 ,
                 which
                 property
                 his
                 body
                 (
                 lying
                 in
                 the
                 Cathedral
                 Church
                 )
                 yet
                 retains
                 ,
                 in
                 operation
                 over
                 such
                 persous
                 as
                 were
                 oppressed
                 with
                 evil
                 spirits
                 lye
                 expelling
                 them
                 .
                 As
                 also
                 to
                 Plautus
                 that
                 antient
                 and
                 famous
                 Comick
                 Latin
                 Poet
                 ,
                 who
                 (
                 t
                 is
                 commonly
                 held
                 for
                 truth
                 )
                 wrought
                 here
                 at
                 the
                 Bake-house
                 ,
                 as
                 a
                 Baker
                 for
                 a
                 lively-hood
                 ,
                 and
                 when
                 he
                 had
                 any
                 spare
                 time
                 ,
                 he
                 composed
                 his
                 Comedies
                 ,
                 and
                 sold
                 them
                 ,
                 the
                 better
                 to
                 supply
                 his
                 necessities
                 .
                 Which
                 Opinion
                 Eusebius
                 also
                 confirms
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 CESENA
                 .
              
               
                 CEsena
                 lies
                 at
                 the
                 foot
                 of
                 a
                 Hill
                 near
                 the
                 River
                 Savio
                 ,
                 which
                 so
                 rapidly
                 runs
                 by
                 it
                 down
                 from
                 the
                 Apenines
                 that
                 it
                 overflows
                 and
                 infests
                 ,
                 many
                 grounds
                 ,
                 before
                 it
                 runs
                 into
                 the
                 Sea.
                 This
                 City
                 hath
                 a
                 strong
                 Cittadel
                 upon
                 the
                 hill
                 adjoyning
                 to
                 the
                 heart
                 of
                 the
                 City
                 by
                 means
                 of
                 a
                 Pyle
                 ,
                 built
                 by
                 Frederick
                 the
                 second
                 Emperor
                 now
                 near
                 ruined
                 .
                 T
                 is
                 worth
                 ones
                 pains
                 to
                 see
                 the
                 Church
                 ,
                 where
                 on
                 the
                 roof
                 hangs
                 a
                 piece
                 of
                 a
                 poudered
                 Hog
                 ,
                 nayled
                 to
                 it
                 in
                 remembrance
                 of
                 a
                 
                 Miracle
                 wrought
                 thus
                 .
                 
                   San
                   Pietro
                
                 the
                 Martyr
                 ,
                 caused
                 the
                 Convent
                 of
                 Saint
                 Domenick
                 to
                 be
                 built
                 ,
                 in
                 the
                 time
                 of
                 whose
                 strncture
                 ,
                 craving
                 Almes
                 for
                 the
                 Love
                 of
                 God
                 ,
                 it
                 happened
                 that
                 this
                 piece
                 of
                 the
                 Poudred
                 Hoggs
                 flesh
                 was
                 bestowed
                 on
                 him
                 ,
                 whereof
                 he
                 gave
                 and
                 fed
                 the
                 Workemen
                 and
                 Labourers
                 till
                 the
                 said
                 Convent
                 was
                 finished
                 ,
                 and
                 still
                 there
                 remained
                 that
                 which
                 now
                 hangs
                 up
                 there
                 ,
                 for
                 that
                 what
                 ever
                 the
                 Saint
                 cut
                 off
                 ,
                 grew
                 &
                 increased
                 day
                 by
                 day
                 in
                 the
                 same
                 manner
                 and
                 quantity
                 ,
                 as
                 in
                 its
                 first
                 state
                 ,
                 as
                 if
                 it
                 had
                 not
                 been
                 at
                 all
                 touched
                 or
                 diminished
                 .
                 It
                 abounds
                 with
                 excellent
                 wines
                 and
                 all
                 other
                 necessaries
                 .
                 It
                 s
                 original
                 is
                 not
                 known
                 ,
                 yet
                 t
                 was
                 ever
                 and
                 is
                 still
                 well
                 peopled
                 .
                 It
                 was
                 under
                 the
                 Emperors
                 ,
                 the
                 Church
                 ,
                 the
                 Bolonians
                 ,
                 the
                 
                   Ordolasi
                   ,
                   Mighardo
                   di
                   Sussenna
                
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Malatesti
                 ,
                 the
                 last
                 of
                 whom
                 
                   Malatesto
                   Novello
                
                 ,
                 collected
                 a
                 stately
                 Library
                 ,
                 not
                 now
                 so
                 despicable
                 also
                 to
                 be
                 passed
                 without
                 a
                 view
                 ,
                 in
                 the
                 Monastery
                 of
                 Saint
                 Fraucis
                 ,
                 who
                 surrendred
                 the
                 City
                 to
                 the
                 Church
                 from
                 whom
                 t
                 was
                 wrested
                 by
                 
                   Caesar
                   Borgio
                
                 called
                 Duke
                 Valentino
                 Son
                 of
                 Alexander
                 the
                 6th
                 .
                 and
                 from
                 him
                 it
                 once
                 more
                 returned
                 in
                 obedtence
                 to
                 the
                 Church
                 ,
                 and
                 so
                 continued
                 in
                 quiet
                 ever
                 since
                 ;
                 on
                 the
                 Mount
                 near
                 it
                 is
                 a
                 Church
                 called
                 
                   Maria
                   del
                   Monte
                   Cesena
                
                 ,
                 where
                 the
                 Benedictines
                 serve
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 RIMINI
                 .
              
               
                 THe
                 number
                 of
                 Antiquities
                 through
                 this
                 City
                 shew
                 it
                 very
                 antient
                 :
                 T
                 was
                 beautifyed
                 divers
                 times
                 by
                 
                   Augustus
                   Caesar
                
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 succeeding
                 Emperors
                 ,
                 with
                 sumptuous
                 Fabricks
                 ,
                 whereof
                 the
                 reliques
                 yet
                 remaining
                 give
                 asussicient
                 testimony
                 many
                 Historians
                 relate
                 ,
                 that
                 t
                 was
                 made
                 a
                 Colony
                 of
                 the
                 Romans
                 before
                 the
                 first
                 Punick
                 War
                 ,
                 together
                 with
                 
                   Benevento
                   ,
                   Publius
                   Sempronius
                   Sofo
                
                 ,
                 and
                 
                   Appius
                   Claudius
                
                 ,
                 Son
                 of
                 the
                 Blind
                 ,
                 being
                 Consuls
                 ,
                 which
                 was
                 485
                 yeers
                 after
                 the
                 foundation
                 of
                 Rome
                 .
                 After
                 which
                 t
                 was
                 held
                 and
                 inhabited
                 by
                 the
                 Romans
                 ,
                 as
                 a
                 Fortezza
                 in
                 those
                 Confines
                 against
                 the
                 French
                 ,
                 and
                 there
                 most
                 of
                 the
                 Roman
                 Commanders
                 (
                 designed
                 with
                 Armies
                 to
                 forein
                 Countries
                 )
                 were
                 wont
                 to
                 make
                 their
                 Rendezvous
                 ,
                 signifying
                 to
                 their
                 People
                 ,
                 what
                 day
                 they
                 should
                 there
                 render
                 themselves
                 ,
                 as
                 Livy
                 more
                 plainly
                 sets
                 down
                 .
                 T
                 was
                 called
                 Rimini
                 from
                 the
                 River
                 Rimini
                 which
                 washes
                 it
                 .
                 The
                 Picenti
                 first
                 justly
                 held
                 it
                 ,
                 but
                 they
                 were
                 overcome
                 by
                 
                   Appius
                   Claudius
                
                 who
                 triumphed
                 for
                 it
                 ,
                 and
                 dilated
                 the
                 Empire
                 from
                 Esino
                 ,
                 or
                 Fiumef●…no
                 to
                 the
                 River
                 Pissatello
                 .
                 T
                 is
                 seated
                 in
                 a
                 most
                 fertile
                 Plain
                 ,
                 having
                 on
                 the
                 East
                 and
                 West
                 parts
                 of
                 it
                 excellent
                 plow-Lands
                 ,
                 on
                 the
                 South
                 great
                 plenty
                 of
                 Gardens
                 ,
                 Orchards
                 ,
                 OliveWoods
                 ,
                 and
                 Vineyards
                 upon
                 the
                 hills
                 of
                 the
                 Apenine
                 Mountains
                 ,
                 and
                 on
                 the
                 North
                 the
                 Adriatick
                 Sea
                 ,
                 all
                 which
                 as
                 t
                 were
                 in
                 emulation
                 strive
                 which
                 shall
                 exceed
                 the
                 other
                 in
                 affording
                 of
                 necessaries
                 and
                 delicacies
                 of
                 all
                 sorts
                 to
                 its
                 Inhabitants
                 .
              
               
                 T
                 is
                 a
                 comodious
                 and
                 fair
                 City
                 ,
                 replenished
                 with
                 structures
                 
                   alla
                   Mo
                   derna
                
                 ,
                 in
                 the
                 Piazza
                 is
                 a
                 glorious
                 fountain
                 sprouting
                 sweet
                 and
                 clear
                 waters
                 through
                 several
                 pipes
                 .
                 Towards
                 the
                 Sea
                 are
                 some
                 Reliques
                 of
                 a
                 stately
                 Theatre
                 ;
                 over
                 the
                 River
                 Arimino
                 stands
                 a
                 Bridge
                 built
                 with
                 large
                 square
                 Marble
                 stones
                 by
                 Augustus
                 ,
                 which
                 conjoins
                 the
                 
                   Via
                   Flaminia
                
                 ,
                 to
                 the
                 
                   Via
                   Emilia
                
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 City
                 to
                 the
                 Suburb
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 200.
                 foot
                 long
                 in
                 5.
                 
                 Arches
                 ,
                 and
                 15.
                 broad
                 ,
                 whose
                 sides
                 are
                 wrought
                 in
                 Dorick
                 structure
                 ,
                 upon
                 one
                 of
                 which
                 is
                 inscribed
                 the
                 Titles
                 of
                 
                   Augustus
                   Caesar
                
                 ,
                 and
                 on
                 another
                 those
                 of
                 
                   Tiberius
                   Caesar
                
                 ,
                 whence
                 we
                 compute
                 
                 this
                 Bridge
                 was
                 finished
                 778.
                 yeers
                 after
                 the
                 foundation
                 of
                 
                   Rome
                   ,
                   C.
                   Calvisius
                
                 ,
                 and
                 
                   Gn.
                   Lentulus
                
                 than
                 Consuls
                 ,
                 being
                 begun
                 by
                 Augustus
                 (
                 who
                 much
                 laboured
                 to
                 beautify
                 and
                 accomodate
                 the
                 ViaFlaminia
                 sparing
                 no
                 cost
                 )
                 and
                 finished
                 in
                 the
                 daies
                 of
                 Tiberius
                 .
                 Some
                 part
                 of
                 the
                 old
                 Port
                 appears
                 yet
                 but
                 so
                 inconfiderable
                 ,
                 that
                 it
                 can
                 onely
                 receive
                 small
                 boats
                 .
                 But
                 how
                 great
                 and
                 magnificent
                 this
                 hath
                 been
                 ,
                 may
                 be
                 collected
                 from
                 that
                 proud
                 and
                 stupendious
                 structure
                 ,
                 the
                 Church
                 
                   San
                   Francesco
                
                 ,
                 which
                 was
                 built
                 by
                 
                   Sigismond
                   Maltesta
                
                 ,
                 Prince
                 of
                 this
                 City
                 ,
                 with
                 the
                 Marble
                 Stones
                 haled
                 out
                 of
                 the
                 old
                 Port.
                 
              
               
                 At
                 the
                 
                   Porta
                   Orientale
                
                 ,
                 leading
                 to
                 Pesaro
                 ,
                 is
                 a
                 fair
                 Marble
                 Arch
                 ,
                 erected
                 there
                 in
                 honour
                 of
                 
                   Augustus
                   Caesar
                
                 ,
                 when
                 having
                 been
                 seaven
                 times
                 Consul
                 ,
                 he
                 was
                 elected
                 for
                 the
                 eighth
                 ,
                 he
                 having
                 fortified
                 and
                 adorned
                 (
                 by
                 commission
                 of
                 the
                 Senate
                 ,
                 and
                 Will
                 of
                 the
                 People
                 of
                 Rome
                 )
                 the
                 five
                 chief
                 Roads
                 of
                 Italy
                 ,
                 as
                 may
                 be
                 guessed
                 ,
                 from
                 those
                 few
                 legible
                 fragments
                 of
                 carved
                 Letters
                 yet
                 remaining
                 ,
                 whereby
                 it
                 appears
                 that
                 the
                 
                   Via
                   Flaminia
                
                 ,
                 was
                 of
                 great
                 consideration
                 ,
                 Augustus
                 having
                 assumed
                 to
                 himself
                 the
                 care
                 of
                 accommodating
                 that
                 Road
                 from
                 Rome
                 to
                 Rimini
                 (
                 as
                 Suetonicus
                 recounts
                 )
                 and
                 given
                 the
                 charge
                 of
                 accommodating
                 the
                 rest
                 to
                 certain
                 illustrious
                 Men
                 ,
                 with
                 order
                 to
                 dispose
                 what
                 ever
                 spoiles
                 they
                 took
                 from
                 the
                 Enemies
                 ,
                 to
                 that
                 purpose
                 .
                 For
                 a
                 memorial
                 of
                 which
                 publique
                 benefit
                 ,
                 are
                 yetextant
                 certain
                 moneys
                 or
                 medals
                 of
                 Gold
                 then
                 stamped
                 with
                 the
                 Effigies
                 of
                 Augustus
                 ,
                 with
                 his
                 titles
                 on
                 the
                 one
                 side
                 ,
                 and
                 on
                 the
                 other
                 an
                 Arch
                 with
                 two
                 Doors
                 elevated
                 over
                 a
                 Way
                 ,
                 on
                 the
                 top
                 whereof
                 sits
                 Victory
                 driving
                 a
                 triumphal
                 Chariot
                 ,
                 with
                 these
                 words
                 ,
                 
                   Quod
                   viae
                   munit●…
                   sint
                
                 ,
                 which
                 words
                 declare
                 the
                 occasion
                 of
                 that
                 great
                 honour
                 done
                 to
                 Caesar
                 was
                 for
                 his
                 care
                 and
                 cost
                 in
                 amending
                 the
                 high
                 Waies
                 &
                 publick
                 Roads
                 .
                 Of
                 which
                 Arch
                 now
                 wholly
                 destroyed
                 ,
                 many
                 Reliquesly
                 on
                 the
                 
                   Via
                   Flaminia
                
                 even
                 to
                 Rome
                 .
              
               
                 But
                 the
                 shortest
                 way
                 to
                 Rome
                 ,
                 is
                 to
                 go
                 over
                 the
                 Hills
                 which
                 ly
                 South-ward
                 from
                 Rimini
                 ,
                 where
                 stands
                 the
                 Castle
                 Fiore
                 ,
                 to
                 pass
                 the
                 River
                 Isauro
                 ,
                 thirty
                 miles
                 whence
                 is
                 Urbino
                 ,
                 and
                 eight
                 miles
                 more
                 is
                 Acqualagna
                 ,
                 there
                 to
                 enter
                 the
                 
                   Via
                   Flam●…nia
                
                 ,
                 and
                 travail
                 to
                 Umbria
                 .
                 In
                 the
                 
                   Via
                   Flaminia
                
                 ,
                 on
                 the
                 right
                 hand
                 upon
                 a
                 Hill
                 is
                 Verucchio
                 ,
                 the
                 first
                 habitation
                 of
                 the
                 Malatesta
                 ,
                 to
                 whom
                 it
                 was
                 given
                 by
                 Otho
                 the
                 Emperor
                 ,
                 and
                 higher
                 in
                 the
                 Mountains
                 is
                 the
                 Bourg
                 
                   S.
                   Martino
                
                 ,
                 in
                 in
                 Latine
                 
                   Acer
                   Mons
                
                 ,
                 a
                 noble
                 rich
                 and
                 well-peopled
                 Place
                 .
                 which
                 hath
                 ever
                 preserved
                 it self
                 in
                 full
                 Liberty
                 ,
                 nor
                 was
                 it
                 ever
                 conquered
                 ,
                 which
                 at
                 a
                 distance
                 looks
                 like
                 a
                 confused
                 heap
                 of
                 Mountains
                 ,
                 without
                 way
                 or
                 means
                 to
                 ascend
                 to
                 .
                 On
                 the
                 same
                 way
                 15.
                 miles
                 off
                 Rimini
                 begins
                 the
                 Plain
                 ,
                 which
                 reaches
                 without
                 obstacle
                 of
                 hill
                 to
                 the
                 
                   Alpi
                   Cottie
                
                 ,
                 which
                 divide
                 Italy
                 from
                 France
                 ,
                 this
                 Plain
                 is
                 very
                 spatious
                 and
                 fertile
                 in
                 all
                 things
                 ,
                 filled
                 with
                 Towns
                 and
                 Villages
                 on
                 all
                 sides
                 .
                 In
                 view
                 whereof
                 lies
                 Poggio
                 ,
                 Imperial
                 ,
                 at
                 whose
                 foundatian
                 Frederick
                 the
                 third
                 Emperor
                 layed
                 the
                 first
                 stone
                 ,
                 where
                 the
                 Pictures
                 of
                 all
                 the
                 line
                 of
                 Austeria
                 ,
                 are
                 excellently
                 delineated
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 PESARO
                 .
              
               
                 THis
                 City
                 was
                 built
                 by
                 the
                 Romans
                 119.
                 yeers
                 before
                 the
                 coming
                 of
                 Christ
                 ,
                 near
                 the
                 River
                 Isaurus
                 ,
                 whence
                 with
                 little
                 alteration
                 it
                 took
                 its
                 name
                 .
                 Its
                 Walls
                 and
                 Bulwarks
                 were
                 begun
                 by
                 
                   Francesco
                   
                   Maria
                   del
                   Rovere
                
                 ,
                 &
                 finished
                 by
                 
                   Guidi
                   Baldo
                
                 ,
                 his
                 Son
                 ;
                 t
                 is
                 beautifyed
                 with
                 stately
                 structures
                 for
                 divine
                 ,
                 publick
                 and
                 private
                 Use
                 ,
                 worth
                 a
                 view
                 .
                 Without
                 the
                 City
                 is
                 built
                 the
                 Princes
                 Palace
                 .
                 In
                 Pesaro
                 they
                 hold
                 certain
                 Fairs
                 whither
                 resort
                 Merchants
                 from
                 farr
                 Countries
                 ,
                 but
                 in
                 regard
                 the
                 Port
                 is
                 stopped
                 so
                 that
                 none
                 but
                 small
                 Boats
                 may
                 enter
                 ,
                 they
                 carry
                 their
                 Merchandize
                 on
                 Asses
                 and
                 Mules
                 .
                 T
                 was
                 made
                 a
                 Colony
                 of
                 the
                 Romans
                 569.
                 yeers
                 after
                 the
                 foundation
                 of
                 
                   Rome
                   ,
                   Claudius
                   Pulchrus
                
                 and
                 
                   Lucius
                   Porticus
                   Licinus
                
                 being
                 then
                 Consuls
                 ,
                 and
                 among
                 the
                 rest
                 sent
                 thither
                 to
                 inhabit
                 was
                 
                   L.
                   Acius
                
                 the
                 excellent
                 Tragick
                 Poet
                 ,
                 born
                 of
                 Father
                 and
                 Mother
                 that
                 were
                 
                   Libertines
                   .
                   Plutark
                
                 (
                 in
                 the
                 life
                 of
                 Antonius
                 )
                 records
                 this
                 City
                 to
                 have
                 received
                 much
                 damage
                 by
                 a
                 Cleft
                 or
                 falling
                 in
                 of
                 the
                 Earth
                 ,
                 after
                 that
                 
                   M.
                   Antony
                
                 had
                 a
                 second
                 time
                 conducted
                 Romans
                 to
                 inhabite
                 there
                 ,
                 which
                 was
                 a
                 short
                 time
                 before
                 that
                 Warr
                 ,
                 a
                 wherein
                 himself
                 with
                 Cleopatra
                 were
                 overcome
                 by
                 Augustus
                 .
                 At
                 the
                 Palace
                 of
                 the
                 Governour
                 is
                 a
                 Magazine
                 furnished
                 with
                 excellent
                 and
                 various
                 Arms.
                 
              
               
                 From
                 Pesaro
                 you
                 must
                 go
                 to
                 Fano
                 ,
                 and
                 along
                 the
                 shore
                 to
                 Senigalia
                 .
                 Near
                 the
                 Porta
                 of
                 Rimini
                 is
                 a
                 Bridge
                 over
                 the
                 River
                 Foglia
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 the
                 Confines
                 of
                 the
                 Provinces
                 of
                 
                   Marcad
                   '
                   Aucona
                
                 and
                 Romagna
                 .
                 On
                 the
                 way
                 appears
                 
                   Novellara
                   Monte
                   Abate
                   ,
                   Monte
                   Barucio
                   ,
                
                 and
                 15.
                 other
                 Towns
                 Pesaro
                 yeelds
                 such
                 store
                 of
                 the
                 best
                 Figgs
                 that
                 they
                 are
                 there
                 dryed
                 to
                 transport
                 over
                 Italy
                 ,
                 and
                 are
                 accounted
                 better
                 than
                 those
                 from
                 Sclavonia
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 FANO
                 .
              
               
                 THis
                 City
                 was
                 so
                 denominated
                 from
                 the
                 Temple
                 of
                 Fortune
                 here
                 erected
                 ,
                 which
                 in
                 Latine
                 is
                 called
                 Fanum
                 .
                 It
                 stands
                 on
                 the
                 
                   Via
                   Flaminia
                
                 ,
                 in
                 a
                 good
                 Soyl
                 ,
                 which
                 yeelds
                 all
                 sorts
                 of
                 Corn
                 ,
                 Wine
                 ,
                 and
                 Oyl
                 ,
                 in
                 great
                 plenty
                 .
                 Many
                 say
                 
                   Augustus
                   Caesar
                
                 made
                 it
                 a
                 Colony
                 ,
                 conducting
                 thither
                 Roman
                 People
                 to
                 inhabit
                 ,
                 at
                 that
                 time
                 when
                 he
                 (
                 as
                 Suetonius
                 writes
                 )
                 drew
                 out
                 of
                 Rome
                 28.
                 
                 Colonies
                 ,
                 and
                 
                   Pomponius
                   Mela
                
                 saies
                 ,
                 that
                 from
                 the
                 name
                 of
                 
                   Julia
                   Claesare
                
                 ,
                 t
                 was
                 called
                 
                   Giulio
                   Fanestre
                
                 ,
                 as
                 may
                 be
                 also
                 collected
                 from
                 certain
                 old
                 inscriptions
                 there
                 exta●…
                 From
                 the
                 Reliques
                 of
                 the
                 old
                 Walls
                 ,
                 and
                 from
                 the
                 Arch
                 placed
                 over
                 the
                 Gate
                 by
                 which
                 you
                 enter
                 coming
                 from
                 Rome
                 on
                 the
                 
                   Via
                   Flaminia
                
                 ,
                 may
                 be
                 drawn
                 ,
                 that
                 t
                 was
                 begirt
                 with
                 Walls
                 by
                 Augustus
                 ,
                 and
                 restored
                 afterwards
                 by
                 Costantio
                 ,
                 and
                 Costanto
                 ,
                 Sonns
                 of
                 the
                 great
                 Constantine
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 said
                 Arch
                 remained
                 entire
                 till
                 the
                 time
                 of
                 Pope
                 Pius
                 the
                 second
                 ,
                 and
                 was
                 made
                 with
                 great
                 Art
                 ,
                 carved
                 with
                 figures
                 and
                 Letters
                 ,
                 but
                 was
                 destroyed
                 by
                 the
                 Artillery
                 in
                 the
                 War
                 against
                 the
                 Farnesi
                 ,
                 though
                 for
                 its
                 remembrance
                 a
                 draught
                 of
                 it
                 was
                 taken
                 and
                 carved
                 on
                 the
                 Walls
                 of
                 the
                 Church
                 
                   S.
                   Michiele
                
                 ,
                 at
                 their
                 common
                 charge
                 ,
                 whereof
                 ,
                 nor
                 of
                 any
                 thing
                 else
                 of
                 antiquity
                 does
                 ought
                 entire
                 appear
                 .
              
               
                 In
                 its
                 neighbourhood
                 beyond
                 the
                 River
                 Metauro
                 ,
                 are
                 some
                 places
                 famons
                 for
                 the
                 Deeds
                 of
                 Arms
                 there
                 performed
                 .
                 For
                 
                   M.
                   Livius
                   ,
                   Salinato
                
                 &
                 
                   ●…laud
                   .
                   Nerone
                
                 Consuls
                 overcame
                 and
                 slew
                 Asdrubal
                 Brother
                 of
                 Hannibal
                 the
                 Carthaginian
                 ,
                 on
                 the
                 Banks
                 of
                 the
                 River
                 ,
                 which
                 made
                 Hannibal
                 despair
                 of
                 maintaining
                 Carthage
                 against
                 the
                 Romans
                 ,
                 seeing
                 the
                 head
                 of
                 his
                 Brother
                 carried
                 at
                 the
                 head
                 of
                 the
                 Roman
                 Army
                 for
                 his
                 
                 view
                 whereby
                 to
                 render
                 him
                 cowardly
                 .
                 Somewhat
                 beyond
                 which
                 place
                 is
                 the
                 Field
                 where
                 Totila
                 King
                 of
                 the
                 Goths
                 was
                 overcome
                 by
                 
                   Narsete
                   Evenucho
                
                 ,
                 the
                 first
                 Exarck
                 and
                 Legate
                 of
                 Iustinian
                 the
                 Emperor
                 ,
                 which
                 victory
                 wholly
                 freed
                 Italy
                 from
                 the
                 Government
                 or
                 rather
                 Tyranny
                 of
                 the
                 Gothes
                 ,
                 for
                 that
                 Totila
                 being
                 mortally
                 wounded
                 fled
                 thence
                 to
                 the
                 Apenines
                 (
                 as
                 Procopius
                 in
                 his
                 third
                 Book
                 of
                 the
                 Gothick
                 history
                 relates
                 )
                 and
                 there
                 dyed
                 .
              
            
          
           
             
               The
               Voyage
               or
               Journey
               from
               FANO
               to
               FVLIGNO
               by
               the
               
                 VIA
                 EMILIA
              
            
             
               
                 FOSSVMBRVNO
                 .
              
               
                 TRavaling
                 Westward
                 from
                 Fano
                 appear
                 many
                 villages
                 among
                 the
                 Mountains
                 ,
                 and
                 then
                 taking
                 the
                 
                   Via
                   Flaminia
                
                 Southward
                 on
                 the
                 right-hand
                 shore
                 of
                 the
                 River
                 Metauro
                 ,
                 you
                 arrive
                 at
                 Fossumbruno
                 ,
                 a
                 City
                 plaeed
                 as
                 t
                 were
                 in
                 the
                 midst
                 of
                 the
                 Plain
                 between
                 the
                 Hill
                 and
                 the
                 River
                 .
                 Its
                 Frabricks
                 are
                 modern
                 ,
                 by
                 reason
                 that
                 the
                 old
                 were
                 wholly
                 cast
                 down
                 by
                 the
                 Gothes
                 or
                 Longobardi
                 ,
                 In
                 the
                 biggest
                 Church
                 remain
                 some
                 old
                 Inscriptions
                 ,
                 denoting
                 its
                 antiquity
                 ;
                 from
                 which
                 City
                 pursuing
                 the
                 Journey
                 you
                 must
                 pass
                 the
                 River
                 Metauro
                 by
                 a
                 woodden
                 Bridge
                 ,
                 then
                 entring
                 the
                 
                   Via
                   Flaminia
                
                 ,
                 on
                 each
                 side
                 passing
                 by
                 pleasant
                 and
                 fertile
                 Fields
                 ,
                 you
                 reach
                 the
                 River
                 Candiano
                 ,
                 near
                 which
                 lies
                 the
                 Hill
                 Asdrubal
                 ,
                 so
                 denominated
                 from
                 the
                 overthrow
                 there
                 given
                 Asdrubal
                 by
                 the
                 abovenamed
                 Consnls
                 .
                 Whence
                 the
                 
                   Via
                   Flaminia
                
                 ,
                 was
                 paved
                 by
                 Augustus
                 to
                 Rome
                 ,
                 half
                 a
                 miles
                 length
                 whereof
                 was
                 out
                 thorow
                 a
                 stony
                 Rock
                 with
                 a
                 Chizel
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 twelve
                 paces
                 broad
                 ,
                 t
                 is
                 called
                 Forlo
                 ,
                 Then
                 were
                 certain
                 Letters
                 inscribed
                 ,
                 which
                 age
                 hath
                 worn
                 out
                 ,
                 yet
                 their
                 sense
                 remains
                 ,
                 viz.
                 That
                 that
                 noble
                 and
                 &
                 laborious
                 ,
                 work
                 was
                 performed
                 by
                 
                   Titus
                   Vespasian
                   ,
                   Candiano
                
                 runs
                 for
                 three
                 miles
                 along
                 the
                 Hills
                 ,
                 which
                 passed
                 ,
                 lies
                 a
                 Plain
                 ,
                 and
                 10.
                 miles
                 thence
                 is
                 Acqualagna
                 ,
                 where
                 dyed
                 Totila
                 ,
                 King
                 of
                 the
                 Gothes
                 overcome
                 by
                 Narsete
                 as
                 aforesaid
                 ,
                 beyond
                 which
                 is
                 the
                 City
                 Cagli
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Bourg
                 Cariano
                 ,
                 built
                 out
                 of
                 the
                 Ruines
                 of
                 the
                 City
                 Lucerla
                 ,
                 heretofore
                 standing
                 where
                 now
                 the
                 Bridge
                 is
                 ,
                 but
                 destroyed
                 by
                 Narsete
                 ,
                 when
                 the
                 perfidious
                 Elenterio
                 ,
                 arrogating
                 to
                 himself
                 the
                 Title
                 of
                 Emperor
                 was
                 discomfited
                 ▪
                 beyond
                 which
                 is
                 the
                 heigth
                 of
                 the
                 Alps
                 which
                 terminate
                 the
                 Province
                 of
                 Ancona
                 ,
                 and
                 
                   Senigaglia
                   ,
                   Sigello
                
                 and
                 Galdo
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 NOCERA
                 .
              
               
                 LAstly
                 upon
                 one
                 of
                 the
                 Apenines
                 ,
                 stands
                 Nocera
                 ,
                 heretofore
                 famous
                 for
                 the
                 Earthen
                 Vessels
                 there
                 curiously
                 made
                 ,
                 now
                 for
                 the
                 Abundance
                 of
                 the
                 Wine
                 called
                 Muscatello
                 ,
                 at
                 the
                 foot
                 of
                 the
                 Mountain
                 whereon
                 Nocera
                 stands
                 ,
                 is
                 the
                 Valley
                 Trinia
                 ,
                 so
                 named
                 from
                 the
                 
                 River
                 Trinia
                 ,
                 wherof
                 Silius
                 speaksthus
                 ,
                 
                   Triniaeque
                   inglorious
                   humor
                
                 ,
                 calling
                 it
                 un
                 worthy
                 among
                 Rivers
                 ,
                 for
                 not
                 being
                 navigable
                 .
                 The
                 way
                 thorow
                 which
                 Valley
                 is
                 very
                 dangerous
                 ,
                 beacuse
                 of
                 the
                 necessity
                 to
                 wade
                 several
                 times
                 through
                 the
                 River
                 ,
                 where
                 sometimes
                 the
                 poor
                 Travellers
                 are
                 bemired
                 ,
                 by
                 reason
                 that
                 in
                 the
                 bottom
                 there
                 is
                 a
                 most
                 stiff
                 mudd
                 ,
                 whereby
                 they
                 are
                 oft
                 drowned
                 through
                 their
                 Ignorance
                 of
                 certain
                 Whirl-pools
                 ,
                 covered
                 with
                 mudd
                 ,
                 not
                 easily
                 to
                 be
                 avoided
                 but
                 by
                 such
                 as
                 are
                 well
                 skilled
                 in
                 the
                 passage
                 .
                 The
                 said
                 vale
                 is
                 12
                 miles
                 long
                 ,
                 and
                 in
                 it
                 is
                 Foligno
                 .
              
            
          
           
             
               The
               Journy
               from
               FANA
               to
               FOLIGNO
               and
               ROME
               ,
               by
               a
               better
               but
               longer
               Way
               .
            
             
               BEeyond
               Fano
               upon
               the
               Adriatick
               Sea
               ,
               is
               Sinigaglia
               a
               famous
               and
               antient
               City
               ,
               first
               called
               Sena
               ,
               from
               the
               Senoni
               who
               built
               it
               .
               When
               the
               Senoni
               were
               driven
               out
               by
               the
               Romans
               ,
               they
               made
               it
               a
               Colony
               together
               with
               Castro
               and
               
                 Hadria
                 ,
                 Dolabella
              
               being
               Consul
               ,
               about
               the
               time
               that
               Italy
               was
               extended
               beyond
               the
               River
               Ese
               ,
               and
               the
               Dutchy
               of
               Spoleto
               added
               to
               it
               .
               
                 Titus
                 Livius
              
               in
               his
               27th
               .
               book
               assures
               us
               that
               
                 M.
                 Livius
                 Salinatorus
              
               the
               Consul
               quartered
               in
               Senigaglia
               when
               Asdrubal
               was
               not
               above
               half
               a
               mile
               distant
               ,
               overlooking
               all
               Italy
               and
               raising
               in
               it
               great
               terror
               ,
               when
               
                 C.
                 Nerone
                 Collegue
              
               of
               Livy
               ,
               withdrawing
               himself
               from
               Basiloc●…ta
               ,
               with
               a
               flying
               Army
               of
               6000.
               
               Foot
               and
               1000.
               
               Horse
               ,
               by
               a
               nights
               march
               ,
               conjoyned
               himself
               with
               Livy
               ,
               and
               the
               next
               morn
               the
               two
               Consuls
               cut
               in
               pieces
               the
               Army
               of
               Asdrubal
               ,
               and
               slew
               the
               said
               Captain
               ,
               while
               he
               designed
               to
               fly
               over
               the
               Metauro
               ,
               as
               afore
               declared
               .
            
             
               
                 ANCONA
                 .
              
               
                 T
                 Is
                 a
                 famous
                 noble
                 rich
                 City
                 ,
                 aud
                 hath
                 the
                 most
                 eminent
                 Port
                 in
                 all
                 Italy
                 :
                 whence
                 the
                 Merchants
                 out
                 of
                 
                   Sclavonia
                   ,
                   Greece
                   ,
                   Dalmatia
                
                 ,
                 and
                 all
                 Europe
                 frequent
                 it
                 .
                 All
                 Writers
                 agree
                 it
                 had
                 its
                 foundation
                 from
                 the
                 Siracusany
                 ,
                 flying
                 from
                 the
                 Tyrany
                 of
                 Dionisius
                 ,
                 'T
                 is
                 likely
                 it
                 became
                 a
                 Colony
                 of
                 the
                 Romans
                 ,
                 485.
                 yeers
                 after
                 Romes
                 building
                 ▪
                 when
                 the
                 Marchiani
                 were
                 overcome
                 by
                 
                   Publius
                   Sempronius
                
                 ,
                 the
                 Consul
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Confines
                 of
                 Italy
                 enlarged
                 .
                 For
                 then
                 t
                 was
                 necessary
                 to
                 place
                 Roman
                 People
                 on
                 those
                 boundaries
                 .
                 It
                 took
                 its
                 name
                 from
                 Ancon
                 in
                 Greek
                 which
                 signifies
                 an
                 Elbow
                 ,
                 in
                 which
                 form
                 is
                 its
                 Port
                 and
                 Harbour
                 a
                 secure
                 Station
                 for
                 Ships
                 .
                 Many
                 Writers
                 (
                 worthy
                 belief
                 )
                 say
                 ,
                 that
                 in
                 the
                 time
                 of
                 the
                 Roman
                 Empire
                 t
                 was
                 a
                 renowned
                 City
                 aed
                 well
                 Inhabited
                 for
                 the
                 conveniency
                 of
                 the
                 Harbour
                 ,
                 and
                 nobly
                 restored
                 by
                 Trajan
                 the
                 Emperor
                 with
                 incredible
                 expence
                 ,
                 whereof
                 some
                 Reliques
                 remain
                 .
              
               
                 It
                 hath
                 fair
                 Fabricks
                 ,
                 rich
                 Merchandize
                 ,
                 business
                 ,
                 and
                 People
                 in
                 good
                 number
                 .
                 'T
                 is
                 environed
                 with
                 Walls
                 and
                 Bulworks
                 ,
                 there
                 erected
                 ,
                 
                 at
                 the
                 charge
                 of
                 the
                 Popes
                 to
                 enable
                 it
                 with
                 resistance
                 against
                 invasions
                 a
                 good
                 part
                 of
                 the
                 Walls
                 are
                 yet
                 of
                 Marble
                 ,
                 antiently
                 t
                 was
                 all
                 of
                 Marble
                 ,
                 the
                 Port
                 hath
                 strong
                 Pillars
                 to
                 fasten
                 shipping
                 to
                 ,
                 and
                 convenient
                 descents
                 to
                 the
                 Water
                 ,
                 as
                 also
                 strong
                 Cranes
                 for
                 removing
                 Goods
                 into
                 ,
                 and
                 out
                 of
                 the
                 Vessels
                 .
                 Some
                 Medals
                 are
                 yet
                 extant
                 stamped
                 in
                 honour
                 of
                 Trajane
                 with
                 the
                 form
                 of
                 that
                 Port
                 ,
                 &
                 a
                 Neptune
                 Crowned
                 in
                 water
                 before
                 the
                 Mouth
                 of
                 the
                 Porte
                 ,
                 with
                 the
                 Rudder
                 of
                 a
                 ship
                 in
                 his
                 right-hand
                 ,
                 and
                 a
                 Dolphin
                 near
                 .
                 It
                 hath
                 two
                 chains
                 wherewith
                 they
                 shut
                 up
                 the
                 entrance
                 ,
                 therein
                 are
                 at
                 all
                 times
                 Ships
                 and
                 Galleys
                 of
                 all
                 sorts
                 .
                 There
                 is
                 an
                 Arch
                 most
                 stately
                 ,
                 raised
                 in
                 honour
                 of
                 Trajane
                 ,
                 in
                 gratefull
                 acknowledgment
                 of
                 that
                 publick
                 benefit
                 ,
                 his
                 restoring
                 the
                 Porte
                 ,
                 by
                 the
                 Senate
                 and
                 People
                 of
                 Rome
                 ,
                 which
                 Arch
                 although
                 dispoiled
                 of
                 those
                 Ornaments
                 ,
                 it
                 formerly
                 had
                 ,
                 yet
                 (
                 like
                 the
                 Picture
                 of
                 a
                 fair
                 Woman
                 )
                 it
                 attracts
                 the
                 eyes
                 of
                 the
                 beholders
                 raising
                 wonder
                 in
                 them
                 ,
                 moving
                 the
                 Fancy
                 to
                 consider
                 the
                 Art
                 ,
                 beauty
                 and
                 proportion
                 of
                 that
                 Piece
                 ,
                 from
                 the
                 great
                 squares
                 of
                 Marble
                 and
                 degrees
                 yet
                 to
                 be
                 seen
                 ,
                 on
                 all
                 sides
                 shewing
                 a
                 most
                 proportionate
                 and
                 beautifull
                 appearance
                 .
              
               
                 'T
                 is
                 of
                 no
                 small
                 consideration
                 :
                 That
                 all
                 the
                 Statues
                 and
                 other
                 Ornaments
                 ,
                 are
                 carved
                 into
                 ,
                 or
                 inlaid
                 in
                 those
                 great
                 square
                 stones
                 ,
                 and
                 not
                 fixed
                 outwardly
                 ,
                 which
                 Squares
                 too
                 are
                 so
                 close
                 connexed
                 that
                 t
                 is
                 impossible
                 to
                 put
                 in
                 the
                 point
                 of
                 a
                 Knife
                 between
                 them
                 ,
                 but
                 looks
                 as
                 if
                 t
                 were
                 one
                 entire
                 Rock
                 ,
                 which
                 shewes
                 the
                 skill
                 and
                 Art
                 of
                 the
                 Artificer
                 .
                 On
                 it
                 is
                 inscribed
                 as
                 follows
                 .
                 
                   IMP.
                   CAESARI
                   .
                   DIVI
                   .
                   NERVAE
                   .
                   F.
                   NERVAE
                   .
                   TRAIANO
                   .
                   OPTIMO
                   .
                   AVG.
                   GERMANIC
                   .
                   DACI
                   .
                   CO.
                   PONT
                   .
                   MAX.
                   TR.
                   POT
                   .
                   XIX
                   .
                   IMP.
                   IX
                   .
                   COS.
                   VI.
                   P.
                   P.
                   PROVIDENTISSIMO
                   :
                   PRINCIPI
                   .
                   SENATVS
                   .
                   P.
                   Q.
                   R.
                   QVOD
                   .
                   AC
                   ▪
                   CESSVM
                   .
                   ITALIAE
                   .
                   HOC
                   .
                   ETIAM
                   .
                   ADDITO
                   .
                   EX
                   .
                   PECVNIA
                   .
                   SVA
                   .
                   PORTV
                   .
                   TVTIOREM
                   .
                   NAVIGANTIBVS
                   .
                   REDDIDERIT
                   .
                
                 On
                 the
                 Right-hand
                 .
                 
                   PLOTINAE
                   .
                   AVG.
                   CONIVGI
                   .
                   AVG.
                   
                
                 On
                 the
                 Left-hand
                 .
                 
                   DIVAE
                   .
                   M
                   ▪
                   ARCINAE
                   .
                   SORORI
                   .
                   AVG.
                   
                
                 Thereby
                 we
                 see
                 that
                 Divine
                 honours
                 were
                 then
                 given
                 to
                 Trajan
                 and
                 his
                 Sister
                 .
              
               
                 'T
                 is
                 not
                 ill
                 spent
                 time
                 neither
                 to
                 ascend
                 the
                 Mount
                 Ancona
                 ,
                 and
                 behold
                 its
                 Rarities
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 the
                 promontory
                 Cumero
                 ,
                 where
                 first
                 is
                 the
                 antient
                 Cathedral
                 Church
                 Saint
                 Ciriaro
                 ,
                 of
                 admirable
                 Architecture
                 ,
                 and
                 curious
                 Marbles
                 ,
                 in
                 its
                 Vestry
                 are
                 infinite
                 Reliques
                 of
                 Saints
                 ,
                 and
                 offirings
                 of
                 great
                 valew
                 presented
                 for
                 devotion
                 .
                 One
                 may
                 gather
                 from
                 
                 some
                 verses
                 of
                 Iuvenal
                 that
                 not
                 far
                 distant
                 was
                 dedicate
                 a
                 Temple
                 to
                 Venus
                 but
                 no
                 thing
                 now
                 remains
                 of
                 it
                 .
                 From
                 that
                 height
                 may
                 be
                 seen
                 a
                 large
                 space
                 of
                 Sea
                 ,
                 the
                 bending
                 of
                 the
                 Port
                 ,
                 the
                 placing
                 of
                 the
                 City
                 and
                 the
                 site
                 of
                 the
                 Promontory
                 it self
                 ,
                 so
                 con-joyned
                 with
                 the
                 Appenines
                 ,
                 that
                 some
                 say
                 it
                 appears
                 their
                 head
                 ,
                 but
                 others
                 more
                 rationally
                 its
                 Arm
                 ,
                 reaching
                 hence
                 to
                 Mount
                 Angelo
                 ,
                 all
                 along
                 a
                 shore
                 of
                 the
                 Adriatick
                 Sea.
                 As
                 also
                 many
                 near
                 Cities
                 ,
                 Castles
                 ,
                 and
                 Burges
                 ,
                 as
                 Sirolo
                 celebrious
                 for
                 the
                 good
                 Wine
                 called
                 Anconitana
                 ,
                 by
                 
                   Pliny
                   ,
                   Orbino
                   ,
                   Osimo
                
                 ,
                 and
                 others
                 .
              
               
                 Upon
                 a
                 Mount
                 near
                 the
                 River
                 Musone
                 ,
                 stands
                 Cingola
                 a
                 Castle
                 built
                 by
                 
                   Titus
                   Labienus
                
                 ,
                 out
                 of
                 the
                 many
                 robaries
                 committed
                 by
                 him
                 ,
                 while
                 he
                 was
                 Embassador
                 of
                 
                   C.
                   Caesar
                
                 and
                 Proconsul
                 in
                 Gallia
                 in
                 that
                 long
                 War.
                 The
                 shape
                 of
                 which
                 Castle
                 we
                 finde
                 engraven
                 upon
                 certain
                 pieces
                 of
                 silver
                 and
                 gold
                 with
                 his
                 Titles
                 ,
                 of
                 whose
                 so
                 great
                 Riches
                 ,
                 
                   Cicero
                   Silius
                   ,
                   Valerius
                   ,
                   Max.
                
                 and
                 Dion
                 .
                 speake
                 scornfully
                 invectively
                 ,
                 and
                 bitterly
                 ,
                 but
                 now
                 to
                 our
                 Voyage
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 The
                 holy
                 house
                 of
                 LORETO
                 .
              
               
                 FIfteen
                 miles
                 being
                 passed
                 you
                 finde
                 placed
                 upon
                 a
                 hill
                 the
                 famous
                 Church
                 of
                 the
                 Virgin
                 
                   Maria
                   de
                   Loreto
                
                 ,
                 visited
                 from
                 all
                 parts
                 of
                 the
                 World
                 by
                 Pilgrims
                 ,
                 either
                 through
                 penance
                 enjoyned
                 thereto
                 ,
                 or
                 their
                 own
                 vows
                 or
                 devotion
                 ,
                 T
                 is
                 called
                 Loreto
                 ,
                 for
                 that
                 in
                 antient
                 timestood
                 near
                 it
                 a
                 Wood
                 of
                 Laurels
                 .
                 Some
                 will
                 have
                 ,
                 that
                 in
                 the
                 same
                 place
                 viz
                 the
                 Moūt
                 ,
                 stood
                 the
                 Castle
                 Cupra
                 of
                 the
                 Tuscans
                 with
                 the
                 antique
                 Temple
                 of
                 
                   Juno
                   Caprana
                
                 now
                 t
                 is
                 a
                 Town
                 but
                 yet
                 envroned
                 with
                 Walls
                 ,
                 Ditches
                 ,
                 Fortresses
                 ,
                 and
                 Arms
                 in
                 readiness
                 ,
                 to
                 defend
                 it self
                 from
                 the
                 violence
                 and
                 snares
                 of
                 the
                 Corsari
                 ,
                 banisht
                 Persons
                 ,
                 Robers
                 and
                 other
                 wicked
                 Men
                 ,
                 whereby
                 the
                 Inhabitants
                 live
                 securely
                 and
                 are
                 well
                 proviin
                 all
                 things
                 for
                 the
                 receit
                 of
                 strangers
                 .
                 'T
                 is
                 a
                 most
                 stately
                 Church
                 ,
                 built
                 with
                 squared
                 Stones
                 of
                 excellent
                 Marble
                 of
                 great
                 cost
                 ,
                 in
                 the
                 midst
                 whereof
                 the
                 Pilgrims
                 visite
                 that
                 most
                 holy
                 Chamber
                 of
                 the
                 Virgin
                 Mary
                 with
                 a
                 great
                 devotion
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 compassed
                 in
                 with
                 a
                 surrounding
                 square
                 of
                 Marbles
                 engraven
                 and
                 wrought
                 with
                 figures
                 of
                 admirable
                 artifice
                 ,
                 but
                 so
                 placed
                 that
                 it
                 toucheth
                 not
                 the
                 Walls
                 thereof
                 in
                 any
                 part
                 ,
                 and
                 t
                 is
                 credibly
                 held
                 ,
                 that
                 those
                 Walls
                 within
                 which
                 the
                 Queen
                 of
                 Heaven
                 was
                 born
                 and
                 brought
                 up
                 ,
                 ought
                 not
                 to
                 be
                 more
                 wrought
                 or
                 adorned
                 by
                 human
                 industry
                 .
                 This
                 Chamber
                 was
                 brought
                 hither
                 from
                 Palestina
                 by
                 Angells
                 ,
                 and
                 he
                 is
                 pronounced
                 an
                 Infidel
                 that
                 doubts
                 thereof
                 .
                 having
                 so
                 many
                 grave
                 Authors
                 and
                 dayly
                 Miracles
                 to
                 prove
                 it
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 great
                 quantity
                 of
                 Tablets
                 ,
                 Offerings
                 ,
                 and
                 Presents
                 ,
                 hung
                 upon
                 the
                 Walls
                 ,
                 Pillars
                 ,
                 and
                 Cornishes
                 of
                 the
                 Church
                 ,
                 at
                 the
                 first
                 entrance
                 will
                 raise
                 a
                 certain
                 proness
                 to
                 honour
                 the
                 place
                 in
                 the
                 most
                 obdurat
                 heart
                 .
                 There
                 it
                 clearly
                 appears
                 how
                 great
                 and
                 inspeakable
                 signs
                 the
                 most
                 great
                 God
                 shewes
                 of
                 his
                 Power
                 for
                 the
                 Salvation
                 of
                 human
                 kind
                 ,
                 by
                 granting
                 all
                 the
                 prayers
                 of
                 such
                 as
                 with
                 a
                 devout
                 and
                 sincere
                 heart
                 seek
                 him
                 ,
                 &c.
                 
              
               
                 The
                 infinite
                 Miracles
                 wrought
                 there
                 ,
                 shew
                 that
                 God
                 will
                 be
                 sought
                 in
                 one
                 place
                 more
                 than
                 another
                 ,
                 in
                 the
                 Church
                 hang
                 many
                 pourtraies
                 of
                 human
                 misery
                 (
                 as
                 in
                 a
                 theatre
                 )
                 which
                 notwithstanding
                 our
                 mercifull
                 God
                 conduceth
                 to
                 a
                 good
                 end
                 ,
                 as
                 particularly
                 by
                 divers
                 accidents
                 by
                 Water
                 ,
                 evil
                 Times
                 ,
                 Shipwracks
                 ,
                 Thunderbolts
                 Earthquakes
                 
                 Destructions
                 ,
                 Precipitous
                 falls
                 ,
                 braking
                 of
                 bones
                 ,
                 Sicknesses
                 ,
                 diseases
                 ,
                 Plague
                 ,
                 Slaughters
                 ,
                 Robberies
                 ,
                 Prisons
                 ,
                 Torments
                 ,
                 hunger
                 ,
                 Want
                 ,
                 and
                 many
                 others
                 ,
                 which
                 a
                 hundred
                 tongues
                 can
                 hardly
                 explicate
                 as
                 Virgil
                 saith
                 .
              
               
                 With
                 which
                 afflictions
                 God
                 is
                 pleased
                 to
                 exercise
                 his
                 Children
                 ,
                 to
                 expresse
                 his
                 Clemency
                 more
                 than
                 his
                 Justice
                 ,
                 that
                 by
                 it
                 we
                 may
                 more
                 truly
                 prepare
                 our
                 hearts
                 and
                 our
                 Souls
                 worthy
                 for
                 his
                 habitation
                 ,
                 and
                 for
                 our
                 eternal
                 bliss
                 .
              
               
                 In
                 this
                 Church
                 are
                 many
                 rare
                 and
                 pretious
                 gifts
                 of
                 several
                 Princes
                 ,
                 dedicated
                 to
                 the
                 Virgin
                 Mary
                 ,
                 in
                 the
                 Vestry
                 are
                 kept
                 the
                 Vests
                 ,
                 Vessels
                 of
                 Gold
                 and
                 Silver
                 and
                 other
                 Riches
                 of
                 immense
                 valew
                 ,
                 and
                 about
                 the
                 Chnrch
                 are
                 many
                 Tablets
                 of
                 Verses
                 in
                 praise
                 of
                 the
                 Church
                 .
              
            
          
           
             
               The
               Nobleness
               and
               Magnificence
               of
               the
               Church
               of
               LORETO
               ,
               compendiously
               drawn
               out
               of
               the
               five
               Books
               of
               
                 Floratio
                 Torsellino
              
               a
               Jesuist
               .
            
             
               ALthough
               no
               day
               passeth
               wherein
               the
               Cel
               of
               the
               holy
               Virgin
               is
               not
               visited
               by
               many
               strangers
               ,
               as
               well
               
                 Poles
                 ,
                 Spaniards
                 ,
                 Germans
                 ,
                 Portugals
                 ,
              
               &
               other
               Oltramontaneous
               and
               Oltramarine
               Nations
               as
               Italians
               )
               yet
               there
               are
               two
               seasons
               in
               the
               yeer
               ,
               when
               there
               is
               exceeding
               concourse
               to
               wit
               ,
               Spring
               and
               Autumn
               .
               In
               the
               Spring
               begins
               the
               solemnity
               ,
               the
               day
               of
               the
               Conception
               of
               our
               Lord
               ,
               and
               in
               Autumn
               the
               day
               of
               the
               birth
               of
               our
               Lady
               ,
               and
               each
               solemnity
               continues
               for
               3.
               
               Moneths
               ,
               wherein
               each
               day
               the
               house
               of
               Loreto
               is
               repaired
               to
               by
               great
               multitudes
               of
               people
               ,
               the
               greater
               part
               whereof
               go
               in
               companies
               with
               their
               Ensignes
               ,
               having
               carryed
               before
               them
               a
               Crucifix
               with
               the
               Images
               of
               Saints
               .
               Every
               Company
               hath
               its
               own
               governors
               &
               Priests
               who
               sing
               ,
               &
               the
               Donatives
               offered
               follow
               ,
               which
               are
               of
               more
               or
               lesse
               valew
               according
               to
               the
               quality
               of
               the
               Persons
               and
               their
               Devotions
               ,
               which
               method
               of
               going
               &
               singing
               praiers
               &
               praises
               to
               God
               ,
               excites
               great
               piety
               in
               the
               Pilgrims
               ,
               and
               people
               who
               follow
               (
               though
               not
               in
               order
               )
               in
               infinite
               multitudes
               .
               When
               at
               a
               distance
               the
               Companies
               begin
               to
               see
               the
               Church
               (
               which
               is
               seated
               on
               a
               hill
               above
               the
               Fields
               )
               they
               internally
               are
               moved
               to
               devotion
               ,
               and
               cast
               themselves
               upon
               the
               ground
               weeping
               for
               joy
               ,
               saluting
               the
               Mother
               of
               God
               ,
               and
               then
               pursue
               their
               journey
               ,
               some
               renting
               their
               garments
               and
               putting
               on
               sackcloth
               ,
               others
               beating
               themselves
               ,
               and
               being
               beaten
               by
               others
               with
               many
               stripes
               on
               the
               nakedshoulders
               .
               In
               the
               mean
               time
               the
               Priests
               of
               Loreto
               ,
               go
               to
               meet
               these
               Companies
               ,
               introducing
               them
               into
               the
               Church
               ,
               with
               solemn
               musick
               ,
               Trumpets
               ,
               and
               Bells
               ,
               when
               they
               approach
               the
               dore
               the
               Companies
               again
               fall
               flat
               on
               the
               ground
               saluting
               the
               Virgin
               from
               the
               bottome
               of
               their
               hearts
               ,
               with
               such
               zeal
               ,
               that
               the
               beholders
               are
               moved
               to
               tears
               .
            
             
             
               Arrived
               at
               the
               Chamber
               of
               the
               Virgin
               ,
               which
               shines
               most
               clear
               by
               the
               many
               lights
               brought
               in
               their
               hands
               ,
               they
               contemplate
               the
               Effigies
               of
               the
               Madonna
               ,
               with
               such
               Piety
               ,
               Tears
               ,
               Sighs
               ,
               and
               humility
               ,
               as
               is
               wonderfull
               ,
               and
               many
               affix
               them selves
               so
               much
               to
               consider
               the
               place
               and
               Actions
               which
               the
               Mother
               of
               Christ
               there
               performed
               ,
               that
               were
               they
               not
               driven
               out
               by
               other
               companies
               who
               overtake
               them
               ,
               they
               would
               never
               remove
               thence
               ,
               but
               such
               as
               come
               from
               far
               Countreys
               ,
               not
               being
               able
               to
               preserve
               the
               order
               of
               Companies
               ,
               resort
               thither
               in
               the
               best
               manner
               they
               can
               ,
               the
               most
               part
               if
               not
               all
               communicate
               there
               ,
               and
               leave
               their
               offerings
               at
               the
               Altar
               ,
               but
               the
               most
               precious
               offerings
               are
               consigned
               to
               the
               deputies
               ,
               whose
               charge
               is
               to
               set
               them
               and
               the
               givers
               names
               down
               in
               a
               Book
               ,
               for
               perpetual
               remembrance
               .
               The
               Altar
               erected
               by
               the
               Apostles
               ,
               and
               the
               effigies
               of
               the
               Virgin
               Mary
               ,
               are
               alwaies
               clothed
               from
               time
               to
               time
               with
               sumptuous
               garments
               ,
               aud
               ornaments
               of
               great
               valew
               both
               in
               Gold
               and
               Jemms
               .
            
             
               The
               Church
               is
               alwaies
               full
               with
               wax
               lights
               and
               Lamps
               burning
               ,
               resounding
               with
               musick
               and
               Organs
               ,
               but
               what
               more
               imports
               t
               is
               filled
               with
               the
               Spirit
               of
               God
               ,
               which
               terrifies
               the
               bad
               ,
               rejoices
               the
               good
               ,
               heals
               the
               infirm
               ,
               and
               works
               stupendious
               miracles
               .
               The
               number
               of
               the
               Pilgrims
               at
               Easter
               useth
               to
               be
               12000.
               and
               at
               the
               Penticost
               and
               nativity
               of
               the
               Virgin
               not
               much
               inferiour
               if
               not
               more
               ,
               there
               hath
               been
               the
               day
               of
               the
               said
               Nativity
               in
               our
               times
               ,
               and
               the
               day
               following
               above
               two
               hundred
               thousand
               Persons
               which
               hath
               necessitated
               the
               intendents
               ,
               to
               make
               a
               rail
               round
               about
               the
               Cel
               whereby
               to
               exclude
               and
               admit
               whom
               they
               think
               fit
               ,
               that
               they
               may
               not
               be
               opprest
               by
               Multitude
               .
               Moreover
               because
               in
               all
               times
               the
               Companies
               of
               Souldiers
               intending
               for
               the
               Wars
               resort
               thither
               first
               to
               confess
               and
               communicate
               ,
               the
               Road
               is
               so
               well
               accommodated
               with
               Inns
               and
               houses
               of
               Reception
               ,
               that
               any
               Person
               though
               delicate
               and
               weak
               ,
               may
               make
               the
               journey
               on
               foot
               ,
               besides
               that
               the
               continual
               concourse
               of
               fresh
               companies
               to
               and
               fro
               ,
               renders
               the
               way
               less
               heavy
               ;
               this
               convenience
               invited
               
                 M.
                 Antonio
                 Colonna
              
               (
               not
               to
               speak
               of
               others
               )
               a
               famous
               ,
               rich
               ,
               and
               great
               Commander
               ,
               to
               take
               that
               Journey
               on
               foot
               .
               These
               Companies
               having
               seen
               the
               countenance
               of
               the
               Virgin
               ,
               rejoyce
               spiritually
               ,
               and
               commonly
               acknowlege
               they
               have
               gathered
               great
               benefit
               from
               the
               Pilgrimage
               though
               difficult
               .
               Were
               it
               not
               too
               long
               &
               difficult
               t
               were
               worth
               ones
               pains
               to
               recount
               the
               vowes
               there
               made
               ,
               and
               rendred
               to
               God
               ,
               how
               many
               there
               escape
               out
               of
               the
               mire
               of
               Sin
               ,
               how
               many
               are
               there
               loosed
               from
               the
               intricate
               tyes
               of
               carnal
               and
               forbidden
               pleasures
               ,
               how
               many
               there
               lay
               down
               their
               hatred
               and
               old
               envy
               ,
               how
               many
               men
               almost
               desperate
               to
               do
               more
               good
               ,
               and
               bound
               already
               to
               the
               Gates
               of
               hell
               by
               compact
               between
               them
               and
               the
               Divel
               ,
               yet
               there
               deliver
               themselves
               from
               the
               Enemy
               ,
               and
               recover
               a
               state
               of
               Salvation
               ;
               finally
               ,
               as
               the
               Soul
               is
               more
               pretious
               than
               the
               Body
               ,
               so
               the
               Miracles
               of
               the
               blessed
               Virgin
               of
               Loreto
               wrought
               for
               the
               Soul
               ,
               are
               more
               than
               those
               that
               are
               for
               the
               Body
               ,
               so
               that
               to
               discourse
               more
               at
               large
               the
               things
               touched
               here
               ,
               were
               a
               desire
               to
               measure
               and
               confine
               the
               divine
               power
               by
               humane
               frailty
               .
               Which
               to
               avoid
               ,
               t
               is
               better
               to
               let
               it
               alone
               ,
               than
               undertaking
               it
               to
               rest
               unsatisfied
               ,
               and
               although
               for
               the
               most
               part
               Fame
               surpasseth
               the
               thing
               spoken
               of
               ;
               yet
               whoever
               hath
               seen
               Loreto
               ,
               must
               confess
               Fame
               could
               not
               speak
               so
               much
               of
               it
               and
               its
               glory
               as
               he
               there
               saw
               and
               contemplated
               .
            
          
           
             
             
               The
               remarkable
               and
               wonderfull
               Site
               of
               the
               House
               of
               LORETO
               .
            
             
               T
               Is
               credibly
               reported
               ,
               that
               the
               house
               of
               the
               blessed
               Virgin
               leaving
               (
               of
               its
               own
               accord
               )
               Galilea
               ,
               first
               went
               into
               Dolmatia
               and
               there
               stopped
               in
               a
               Wood
               of
               Marchiano
               ,
               whence
               it
               went
               into
               a
               Mountain
               belonging
               to
               two
               Brothers
               who
               were
               at
               discord
               ,
               but
               to
               remain
               there
               for
               a
               time
               ,
               God
               having
               determinated
               that
               it
               should
               stay
               where
               now
               it
               stands
               ,
               and
               we
               hope
               will
               ever
               continue
               if
               some
               sins
               of
               the
               adjcent
               People
               make
               not
               the
               place
               unworthy
               and
               t
               is
               presumed
               that
               since
               it
               came
               from
               Galilee
               and
               the
               mount
               because
               the
               sins
               of
               the
               People
               there
               made
               it
               unworthy
               ,
               so
               the
               knowlege
               the
               Virgin
               had
               of
               the
               quality
               of
               this
               People
               made
               her
               transmit
               her
               habitation
               hither
               and
               the
               often
               mutations
               of
               the
               places
               makes
               it
               evident
               to
               all
               ,
               that
               this
               is
               the
               true
               Stanza
               or
               Cell
               of
               the
               blessed
               Virgin
               departed
               from
               Galilea
               .
            
             
               It
               arrived
               in
               this
               Province
               in
               Italy
               ,
               in
               the
               yeer
               1295.
               and
               in
               lesse
               thana
               yeer
               changed
               its
               place
               of
               stay
               three
               times
               though
               but
               within
               compasse
               of
               a
               mile
               ,
               but
               who
               will
               consider
               its
               now
               aboade
               must
               find
               that
               the
               wit
               of
               man
               could
               not
               invent
               a
               better
               .
            
             
               
                 P.
                 Battista
                 Mantouano
              
               Viccar
               General
               of
               the
               Garmelites
               (
               among
               other
               grave
               Authers
               )
               to
               whom
               this
               house
               was
               first
               given
               in
               custody
               before
               it
               left
               Galilee
               )
               averrs
               the
               trnth
               of
               the
               former
               relations
               :
               Societies
               of
               Priests
               ,
               that
               are
               Liuguists
               have
               it
               now
               in
               government
               whereby
               to
               be
               the
               better
               able
               to
               take
               the
               confessions
               of
               all
               Nations
               and
               give
               absolutions
               ,
               &c.
               
            
             
               
                 RECANATI
                 .
              
               
                 FRom
                 Loreto
                 the
                 way
                 leads
                 to
                 Recanati
                 ,
                 a
                 new
                 City
                 built
                 out
                 of
                 the
                 Reliques
                 of
                 the
                 old
                 
                   Helvia
                   Ricina
                
                 ,
                 whereof
                 some
                 will
                 have
                 Macerata
                 to
                 be
                 built
                 also
                 ,
                 which
                 Helvia
                 was
                 once
                 magnificently
                 repaired
                 by
                 Helvio
                 ,
                 many
                 of
                 its
                 old
                 foundations
                 and
                 the
                 bases
                 of
                 an
                 Amphitheatre
                 yet
                 appear
                 upon
                 the
                 Road.
                 From
                 Loreto
                 to
                 Recanati
                 ,
                 is
                 three
                 mile
                 of
                 very
                 rough
                 Way
                 ,
                 over
                 Mountains
                 .
                 In
                 it
                 is
                 held
                 a
                 publick
                 fair
                 every
                 yeer
                 in
                 September
                 ,
                 in
                 the
                 great
                 Church
                 lies
                 Pope
                 Gregory
                 the
                 12th
                 .
                 who
                 in
                 the
                 Council
                 of
                 Constanza
                 renounced
                 the
                 Papacy
                 ,
                 t
                 is
                 seated
                 on
                 the
                 top
                 of
                 a
                 high
                 and
                 spatious
                 Mountain
                 environed
                 with
                 the
                 
                   Apenines
                   ,
                   Gingolo
                
                 ,
                 the
                 Sea
                 ,
                 and
                 some
                 other
                 little
                 Hills
                 .
                 Beyond
                 which
                 is
                 a
                 plain
                 ,
                 in
                 it
                 ,
                 
                   San
                   Severino
                
                 ,
                 heretofore
                 a
                 Bourg
                 ,
                 but
                 made
                 a
                 City
                 by
                 Pope
                 
                   Sixtus
                   quintus
                   ,
                   Math●…lica
                
                 and
                 Fabriano
                 ,
                 famous
                 for
                 the
                 Pure
                 writing
                 paper
                 there
                 made
                 ,
                 and
                 then
                 Gamerino
                 ,
                 a
                 well
                 fortisied
                 place
                 abounding
                 no
                 less
                 in
                 Riches
                 than
                 People
                 .
                 It
                 alwaies
                 
                 assisted
                 the
                 Romans
                 ,
                 aud
                 hath
                 produced
                 many
                 emminent
                 Men.
                 Through
                 the
                 Vale
                 Camerino
                 ,
                 you
                 may
                 go
                 to
                 Foligno
                 and
                 Spoleto
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 MACERATA
                 .
              
               
                 KEEping
                 the
                 direct
                 Way
                 thorow
                 the
                 Mountains
                 you
                 meet
                 Macerata
                 ,
                 famous
                 for
                 greatnesse
                 and
                 beauty
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 most
                 noble
                 City
                 of
                 the
                 Marchiano
                 .
                 In
                 it
                 is
                 a
                 College
                 of
                 Lawyers
                 ,
                 called
                 the
                 Rota
                 ,
                 deputed
                 to
                 hear
                 Causes
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Residence
                 of
                 the
                 Governors
                 of
                 all
                 the
                 Province
                 ,
                 Two
                 great
                 Causes
                 for
                 its
                 full
                 peopling
                 :
                 About
                 it
                 ly
                 several
                 Bourgs
                 ,
                 Castles
                 ,
                 and
                 Towns
                 ,
                 as
                 Tolentino
                 ,
                 where
                 they
                 reverence
                 the
                 reliques
                 of
                 
                   San
                   Nicolo
                
                 ,
                 of
                 the
                 Angustine
                 Order
                 ,
                 who
                 there
                 lived
                 holily
                 :
                 
                   Montalto
                   ,
                   Fermo
                   ,
                   Ascolo
                
                 ,
                 and
                 Seravalle
                 ,
                 beyond
                 which
                 lies
                 
                   Santa
                   Anatolia
                
                 ,
                 whence
                 through
                 a
                 Valley
                 lies
                 the
                 way
                 to
                 
                   San
                   Foligno
                
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 two
                 days
                 journy
                 from
                 Loreto
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 FOLIGNO
                 .
              
               
                 THe
                 
                   Longobardi
                   ▪
                
                 having
                 destroyed
                 
                   Foro
                   Flaminio
                
                 ,
                 the
                 Inhabitants
                 out
                 of
                 its
                 Ruines
                 built
                 Foligno
                 .
                 The
                 City
                 is
                 rich
                 in
                 Merchandize
                 ,
                 small
                 but
                 pleasant
                 ,
                 it
                 hath
                 a
                 goodly
                 porte
                 ,
                 whence
                 the
                 Citizens
                 repelled
                 the
                 assaults
                 of
                 the
                 Longobardi
                 ,
                 the
                 Cities
                 Perugia
                 and
                 Assisiaare
                 Westward
                 twenty
                 miles
                 from
                 Foligno
                 .
              
               
                 All
                 along
                 the
                 Flaminian
                 Way
                 ,
                 ly
                 most
                 flourishing
                 Fields
                 ,
                 planted
                 with
                 all
                 sorts
                 of
                 Fruits
                 ,
                 Vines
                 ,
                 Gardens
                 ,
                 Olive-Trees
                 ,
                 &
                 Almonds
                 ,
                 praised
                 to
                 the
                 skies
                 ,
                 by
                 
                   Propertins
                   Virgil
                
                 ,
                 and
                 other
                 Poets
                 .
              
               
                 On
                 the
                 right
                 hand
                 lies
                 Mevania
                 ,
                 the
                 Countrey
                 of
                 Propertius
                 and
                 its
                 Territory
                 ,
                 which
                 produceth
                 large
                 Bulls
                 and
                 Oxen
                 ,
                 on
                 the
                 left
                 was
                 the
                 Antient
                 Temple
                 of
                 Metusca
                 ,
                 near
                 it
                 is
                 the
                 Source
                 of
                 the
                 River
                 Clitumnus
                 ,
                 issuing
                 wirh
                 a
                 clear
                 and
                 plentifull
                 head
                 of
                 Water
                 ,
                 enough
                 to
                 water
                 the
                 Fields
                 of
                 Bertagna
                 ,
                 which
                 at
                 its
                 second
                 stage
                 ,
                 had
                 the
                 name
                 of
                 a
                 God
                 given
                 it
                 by
                 the
                 blind
                 Gentiles
                 ,
                 to
                 whom
                 t
                 is
                 believed
                 the
                 neighbouring
                 Temple
                 of
                 Marble
                 (
                 now
                 antique
                 yet
                 noble
                 )
                 was
                 dedicate
                 in
                 old
                 time
                 .
                 T
                 is
                 made
                 in
                 that
                 form
                 (
                 which
                 Vitruvius
                 writing
                 of
                 the
                 order
                 of
                 Temples
                 ,
                 teaches
                 that
                 those
                 of
                 Fountains
                 ,
                 
                   Nimphes
                   ,
                   Venus
                   ,
                   Flora
                
                 ,
                 and
                 Proserpina
                 .
                 ought
                 to
                 have
                 ,
                 to
                 wit
                 to
                 have
                 some
                 similitude
                 with
                 their
                 Gods
                 )
                 and
                 hath
                 in
                 the
                 Ornaments
                 of
                 the
                 outside
                 leaves
                 of
                 Bears-foot
                 ,
                 and
                 Holm
                 tree
                 ,
                 which
                 demonstrate
                 the
                 fruitfulness
                 of
                 Clitumnus
                 ,
                 which
                 the
                 Antients
                 observed
                 ,
                 so
                 fatned
                 the
                 adjacent
                 Pastures
                 ,
                 that
                 thereby
                 the
                 Herds
                 of
                 Cattel
                 grew
                 very
                 great
                 ,
                 and
                 (
                 
                   Pliny
                   ,
                   Lucan
                
                 ,
                 and
                 Servius
                 the
                 Commentator
                 of
                 Virgil
                 )
                 a
                 ver●…
                 that
                 those
                 Cattel
                 drinking
                 of
                 the
                 water
                 of
                 Clitumnus
                 became
                 white
                 .
              
               
                 Out
                 of
                 these
                 Herds
                 the
                 Roman
                 Conquerors
                 used
                 to
                 select
                 the
                 most
                 fair
                 ,
                 and
                 in
                 their
                 triumphs
                 to
                 sacrifice
                 them
                 for
                 a
                 happy
                 Augury
                 to
                 the
                 victory
                 brought
                 with
                 them
                 .
                 The
                 same
                 also
                 were
                 led
                 by
                 the
                 Emperors
                 ,
                 (
                 which
                 triumphed
                 )
                 with
                 their
                 horns
                 guilt
                 ,
                 and
                 bathed
                 with
                 the
                 water
                 of
                 this
                 River
                 ,
                 unto
                 the
                 Campidoglio
                 ,
                 and
                 there
                 sacrificed
                 to
                 Iove
                 and
                 other
                 Gods
                 ,
                 which
                 made
                 the
                 Spoleti●…
                 to
                 honour
                 Clitumnus
                 as
                 a
                 God
                 ,
                 and
                 to
                 it
                 were
                 dedicated
                 by
                 the
                 antients
                 ,
                 Temples
                 and
                 Groves
                 ,
                 as
                 may
                 be
                 collected
                 from
                 Propertins
                 in
                 these
                 words
                 .
                 
                   
                   
                     Qua
                     formosa
                     suo
                     Clitumnus
                     flumina
                     Luco
                  
                   
                     Integer
                     ,
                     &
                     niveos
                     abluit
                     unda
                     boves
                     .
                  
                
              
               
                 Virgil
                 the
                 Prince
                 of
                 Poets
                 in
                 the
                 second
                 of
                 his
                 Gorgicks
                 ,
                 speaking
                 politely
                 of
                 the
                 praise
                 of
                 Italy
                 ,
                 saith
                 thus
                 .
                 
                   
                     Hinc
                     albi
                     Clitumne
                     greges
                     &
                     maxima
                     tanrus
                  
                   
                     Victimae
                     saepe
                     tuo
                     perfusi
                     flumine
                     sacro
                  
                   
                     Romanos
                     ad
                     templa
                     Deum
                     duxere
                     triumphos
                     .
                  
                
              
               
                 Silius
                 also
                 touches
                 upon
                 this
                 conceipt
                 in
                 the
                 Carthaginian
                 War
                 in
                 few
                 words
                 to
                 wit
                 
                   
                     Et
                     lavit
                     ingentem
                     perfusum
                     flumine
                     sacro
                  
                   
                     Clitumnus
                     taurum
                     .
                  
                
              
            
             
               
                 SPOLETO
                 .
              
               
                 IN
                 the
                 same
                 day
                 the
                 Traveller
                 may
                 go
                 from
                 Foligno
                 ,
                 to
                 Spoleto
                 ,
                 a
                 splendid
                 City
                 deficient
                 in
                 nothing
                 ,
                 the
                 Refidence
                 of
                 the
                 Longobardi
                 Princes
                 now
                 ennobled
                 by
                 the
                 Title
                 of
                 the
                 Duke
                 of
                 Ombra
                 ,
                 antiently
                 t
                 was
                 a
                 strong
                 Roman
                 Colony
                 so
                 made
                 by
                 Litius
                 ,
                 and
                 reduced
                 by
                 the
                 Romans
                 ,
                 when
                 they
                 had
                 overthrown
                 the
                 Ombri
                 ,
                 in
                 the
                 Consulate
                 of
                 
                   G.
                   Claudius
                   Centone
                
                 ,
                 and
                 
                   Marius
                   Sempronius
                   Tuditanus
                
                 .
                 Which
                 Colony
                 (
                 after
                 the
                 Romans
                 had
                 received
                 the
                 Rout
                 near
                 Trasineno
                 )
                 was
                 so
                 bold
                 as
                 to
                 withstand
                 Hannibal
                 the
                 Conqueror
                 ,
                 and
                 taught
                 him
                 to
                 gather
                 what
                 vast
                 strength
                 the
                 Roman
                 Empire
                 was
                 of
                 from
                 the
                 power
                 of
                 one
                 sole
                 Colony
                 ,
                 by
                 forceing
                 him
                 to
                 turn
                 tayl
                 ,
                 &
                 retreat
                 after
                 the
                 losse
                 of
                 many
                 men
                 into
                 the
                 Marchiana
                 .
                 The
                 old
                 broken
                 structures
                 shew
                 that
                 it
                 flourished
                 greatly
                 in
                 the
                 Romans
                 time
                 .
                 One
                 may
                 yet
                 see
                 the
                 Palace
                 of
                 Theodorick
                 King
                 of
                 Goths
                 ,
                 destroyed
                 by
                 the
                 Goths
                 but
                 rebuilt
                 by
                 Narsete
                 Captain
                 for
                 Justinian
                 the
                 Emperor
                 .
                 The
                 Temple
                 of
                 Concord
                 ,
                 the
                 foundation
                 of
                 a
                 Theatre
                 and
                 of
                 stately
                 Aquiducts
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 TERNI
                 .
              
               
                 THe
                 following
                 day
                 through
                 the
                 Valley
                 Strattura
                 (
                 closed
                 in
                 by
                 Hills
                 ,
                 Rocks
                 ,
                 and
                 cliffs
                 of
                 the
                 Apenines
                 )
                 you
                 reach
                 Terni
                 called
                 Iteranna
                 by
                 the
                 Antients
                 from
                 its
                 inclosure
                 between
                 the
                 branches
                 of
                 the
                 River
                 Nera
                 .
                 The
                 old
                 Ruins
                 of
                 the
                 Edifices
                 shew
                 it
                 to
                 have
                 been
                 in
                 all
                 things
                 greater
                 than
                 at
                 present
                 ,
                 and
                 within
                 memory
                 t
                 is
                 known
                 much
                 decay
                 came
                 to
                 it
                 by
                 intestine
                 hatred
                 and
                 civil
                 discords
                 .
              
               
                 Many
                 antient
                 Marble
                 Inscriptions
                 shew
                 that
                 t
                 was
                 a
                 free
                 City
                 of
                 the
                 Romans
                 ,
                 but
                 at
                 what
                 time
                 it
                 received
                 the
                 title
                 of
                 a
                 free
                 City
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Prerogative
                 of
                 
                   Roman
                   Denizenship
                
                 ,
                 is
                 not
                 certainly
                 known
                 Pighius
                 observes
                 from
                 a
                 great
                 Marblestone
                 fixed
                 in
                 the
                 Walls
                 of
                 the
                 Cathedral
                 Church
                 ,
                 that
                 t
                 was
                 built
                 544.
                 yeers
                 before
                 the
                 Consulate
                 of
                 
                   C.
                   Domitius
                   Enobarbus
                
                 ,
                 and
                 
                   M.
                   Camillus
                   Scribonianus
                
                 ,
                 who
                 were
                 Consuls
                 624.
                 yeers
                 after
                 the
                 foundation
                 of
                 Rome
                 ,
                 and
                 that
                 sacrifice
                 was
                 made
                 in
                 Terni
                 ,
                 to
                 the
                 health
                 of
                 Liberty
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Genius
                 of
                 the
                 City
                 ,
                 
                 to
                 gratifie
                 
                   Tiberius
                   Caesar
                
                 ,
                 who
                 then
                 elevated
                 himself
                 from
                 the
                 feet
                 of
                 Seianus
                 :
                 The
                 said
                 Pighius
                 deduceth
                 thus
                 much
                 from
                 the
                 Title
                 on
                 the
                 said
                 Marble
                 ,
                 and
                 in
                 his
                 Annales
                 of
                 the
                 Senate
                 and
                 People
                 of
                 Rowe
                 sets
                 it
                 down
                 more
                 distinctly
                 :
                 we
                 conclude
                 from
                 the
                 whole
                 that
                 t
                 was
                 built
                 80.
                 yeers
                 after
                 Rome
                 ,
                 under
                 Numa
                 ,
                 and
                 then
                 obtained
                 its
                 title
                 of
                 a
                 Municipal
                 City
                 .
                 The
                 Territory
                 of
                 Terni
                 through
                 the
                 site
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 usefullnesse
                 of
                 the
                 sweet
                 Waters
                 ,
                 is
                 all
                 of
                 a
                 fat
                 soyl
                 ,
                 being
                 exposed
                 to
                 a
                 benign
                 Sun
                 ,
                 which
                 in
                 some
                 part
                 appologizeth
                 for
                 what
                 Pliny
                 saies
                 ,
                 to
                 wit
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 Meadows
                 are
                 mowed
                 4
                 times
                 in
                 a
                 yeer
                 ,
                 and
                 afterwards
                 fed
                 ,
                 besides
                 that
                 Turnips
                 have
                 there
                 lately
                 grown
                 of
                 30.
                 pound
                 weight
                 (
                 whereof
                 four
                 makes
                 an
                 Asses
                 Load
                 )
                 and
                 Pliny
                 saies
                 40.
                 pound
                 weight
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 NARNI
                 .
              
               
                 KEEping
                 the
                 
                   Via
                   Flaminia
                
                 ,
                 you
                 arrive
                 at
                 Narni
                 ,
                 placed
                 on
                 a
                 rough
                 Hill
                 of
                 difficult
                 ascent
                 ,
                 at
                 the
                 foot
                 whereof
                 runs
                 the
                 River
                 Nera
                 ,
                 roaring
                 through
                 the
                 breakings
                 of
                 the
                 Rocks
                 ,
                 wherewith
                 it
                 encounters
                 ;
                 Livy
                 and
                 
                   Stephano
                   Gramatico
                
                 ,
                 derive
                 the
                 name
                 of
                 the
                 City
                 from
                 that
                 of
                 the
                 River
                 ,
                 and
                 Martial
                 in
                 the
                 7th
                 .
                 book
                 of
                 his
                 Epigrames
                 describes
                 it
                 thus
                 .
                 
                   
                     Narnia
                     sulphureo
                     ,
                     quam
                     gurgite
                     candidus
                     amnis
                  
                   
                     Circuit
                     ancipiti
                     vix
                     adeunda
                     jugo
                     .
                  
                
              
               
                 The
                 same
                 Livy
                 affirms
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 City
                 was
                 first
                 called
                 Nequino
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Inhabitants
                 thence
                 Nequinati
                 ,
                 when
                 subdued
                 by
                 the
                 Romans
                 ,
                 from
                 the
                 paultry
                 and
                 wicked
                 customes
                 of
                 the
                 People
                 ,
                 but
                 afterwards
                 the
                 Roman
                 Colony
                 despising
                 that
                 name
                 ,
                 called
                 it
                 Narni
                 from
                 the
                 Rivers
                 name
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Triumphs
                 in
                 the
                 Campidoglio
                 set
                 forth
                 that
                 the
                 Nequinati
                 were
                 confederate
                 with
                 the
                 Sanniti
                 ,
                 and
                 with
                 them
                 overcome
                 by
                 
                   M.
                   Petinus
                
                 the
                 Consul
                 ,
                 who
                 therefor
                 triumphed
                 in
                 the
                 454th
                 .
                 yeer
                 of
                 Rome
                 ,
                 and
                 then
                 made
                 a
                 Colony
                 as
                 aforesaid
                 .
              
               
                 Now
                 the
                 Cities
                 form
                 is
                 long
                 ,
                 and
                 fair
                 in
                 Fabricks
                 ,
                 and
                 plentifully
                 supplyed
                 from
                 its
                 near
                 Campagna
                 ,
                 though
                 in
                 the
                 memory
                 of
                 our
                 Ancestors
                 ,
                 and
                 since
                 it
                 hath
                 been
                 much
                 turmoyled
                 with
                 troubles
                 and
                 Warrs
                 .
                 Without
                 Narni
                 over
                 the
                 River
                 are
                 wonderfull
                 great
                 Arches
                 of
                 a
                 Bridge
                 ,
                 which
                 did
                 conjoyn
                 two
                 high
                 and
                 precipitous
                 Mountains
                 between
                 which
                 the
                 River
                 passed
                 ,
                 some
                 believe
                 this
                 Bridge
                 was
                 built
                 by
                 Augustus
                 with
                 the
                 spoils
                 of
                 the
                 Siacambri
                 ,
                 and
                 Procopius
                 affirms
                 it
                 ,
                 adding
                 that
                 more
                 eminent
                 Arches
                 were
                 never
                 seen
                 ,
                 the
                 Reliques
                 now
                 appearing
                 demonstrate
                 it
                 the
                 work
                 of
                 a
                 flourishing
                 Empire
                 ,
                 and
                 of
                 excessive
                 expence
                 ,
                 Martial
                 t
                 is
                 supposed
                 speaks
                 herof
                 in
                 these
                 words
                 .
                 
                   
                     Sed
                     jam
                     parce
                     mihi
                     ,
                     nec
                     abutere
                     Narnia
                     Quinto
                     ,
                  
                   
                     Perpetuo
                     liceat
                     sic
                     tibi
                     ponte
                     frui
                     .
                  
                
              
               
                 The
                 stones
                 of
                 this
                 Bridge
                 are
                 cecmented
                 with
                 Iron
                 and
                 Lead
                 ,
                 one
                 Arch
                 now
                 to
                 be
                 seen
                 is
                 200.
                 foot
                 broad
                 and
                 150.
                 foot
                 high
                 ,
                 under
                 which
                 t
                 is
                 said
                 is
                 buried
                 great
                 Treasure
                 .
              
               
               
                 A
                 stream
                 is
                 brought
                 into
                 the
                 City
                 which
                 passeth
                 for
                 15.
                 miles
                 under
                 most
                 high
                 Mountains
                 ,
                 and
                 supplies
                 thr●…
                 brass
                 fountains
                 ;
                 there
                 is
                 also
                 a
                 water
                 of
                 N●…ni
                 called
                 caristia
                 or
                 Famine
                 ,
                 because
                 it
                 never
                 appear●…
                 but
                 the
                 yeer
                 before
                 some
                 great
                 fami●…
                 ,
                 as
                 it
                 happened
                 in
                 Anno
                 1589.
                 it
                 yields
                 also
                 many
                 healthfull
                 wat●…rs
                 .
              
               
                 Forty
                 miles
                 off
                 Narni
                 to
                 go
                 in
                 the
                 way
                 to
                 Rome
                 is
                 a
                 Mountainous
                 Rock
                 ,
                 through
                 which
                 the
                 Way
                 is
                 cut
                 with
                 Chizels
                 30.
                 foot
                 deep
                 and
                 15
                 broad
                 ,
                 beyond
                 which
                 is
                 pleasant
                 way
                 to
                 Ottricoli
                 a
                 mile
                 from
                 Tevere
                 .
              
               
                 Passing
                 by
                 the
                 antiquities
                 of
                 the
                 
                   Via
                   Flaminia
                
                 and
                 the
                 vast
                 mines
                 of
                 Ottricoli
                 ,
                 you
                 come
                 to
                 Tevere
                 ,
                 beholding
                 by
                 the
                 way
                 great
                 Reliques
                 of
                 publick
                 structures
                 ,
                 as
                 Temples
                 ,
                 Baths
                 ,
                 Aqueduct●…
                 ,
                 Conservatories
                 of
                 water
                 ,
                 a
                 Theatre
                 and
                 Amphitheatre
                 ,
                 which
                 testify
                 the
                 grandezza
                 and
                 magnificence
                 of
                 that
                 municipal
                 City
                 ,
                 while
                 the
                 Roman
                 Empire
                 flourished
                 .
              
               
                 Two
                 inscriptions
                 of
                 statues
                 dedicate
                 to
                 the
                 Father
                 and
                 Daughter
                 by
                 the
                 publick
                 ,
                 make
                 appear
                 that
                 they
                 built
                 those
                 Baths
                 at
                 their
                 own
                 expence
                 ,
                 and
                 then
                 gave
                 them
                 to
                 the
                 publique
                 ,
                 both
                 which
                 are
                 inscribed
                 on
                 Marble
                 as
                 followeth
                 .
                 
                   L.
                   Iulio
                   L.
                   F.
                   Pal.
                   Iuliano
                   .
                   IIII.
                   Vir.
                   AEd.
                   III.
                   1.
                   D.
                   IIII.
                   Vir
                   Quin
                   que
                   Quinque
                   11.
                   
                   Dast
                   Patr●…no
                   Municipi
                   Plebs
                   .
                   Ob.
                   Merita
                   L.
                   D.
                   D.
                   D.
                   
                
                 
                   Iuliae
                   Lucillae
                   L.
                   Iulii
                   .
                   Iuliani
                   .
                   Fil
                   Patroni
                   municipi
                   〈◊〉
                   .
                   P●…ter
                   Termas
                   Ocriculanis
                   ●…
                   Solo.
                   E●…ctas
                   〈◊〉
                   .
                   ●…ecunia
                   ▪
                   Donavit
                   Dec
                   Aug.
                   Plebs
                   L.
                   D.
                   D.
                   D.
                   
                
              
               
                 Whence
                 you
                 passe
                 by
                 the
                 Town
                 Tevere
                 near
                 the
                 stone
                 Bridge
                 built
                 by
                 Augustus
                 ,
                 which
                 Bridge
                 was
                 so
                 great
                 ,
                 that
                 with
                 its
                 mines
                 it
                 tumed
                 and
                 hindred
                 the
                 course
                 of
                 the
                 River
                 ;
                 thence
                 coasting
                 the
                 foot
                 of
                 the
                 Mountain
                 Soratte
                 ,
                 at
                 night
                 you
                 lodge
                 at
                 B●…gnano
                 .
              
               
                 Pope
                 Clement
                 the
                 8th
                 commanded
                 (
                 imitating
                 Augustus
                 )
                 to
                 his
                 great
                 costs
                 and
                 no
                 less
                 glory
                 ,
                 this
                 Bridge
                 to
                 be
                 repaired
                 ;
                 here
                 terminated
                 the
                 Burro●…ghs
                 of
                 Rome
                 in
                 the
                 time
                 ▪
                 of
                 the
                 Emperour
                 Aurelianus
                 ;
                 and
                 we
                 read
                 that
                 in
                 former
                 times
                 Rome
                 was
                 150.
                 miles
                 in
                 ci●…cuit
                 ;
                 and
                 that
                 while
                 Constantin●…
                 reigned
                 ,
                 the
                 Walls
                 and
                 buildings
                 from
                 Tevere
                 to
                 Rome
                 were
                 so
                 thick
                 ,
                 that
                 who
                 was
                 but
                 seldome
                 conversant
                 there
                 took
                 it
                 for
                 the
                 City
                 of
                 Rome
                 .
                 The
                 River
                 being
                 past
                 you
                 meet
                 Borgheto
                 ,
                 the
                 City
                 Castellan
                 ,
                 and
                 Capr●…rola
                 ,
                 and
                 farther
                 on
                 is
                 the
                 B●…idge
                 Milvio
                 or
                 Mole
                 ,
                 where
                 God
                 shewed
                 to
                 Constantine
                 a
                 Cross
                 wi●…h
                 these
                 words
                 ,
                 
                   In
                   hoc
                   signo
                   vinces
                
                 ,
                 with
                 which
                 encouragement
                 Constantine
                 fought
                 and
                 overcame
                 Maxentius
                 the
                 Tyrant
                 ,
                 by
                 which
                 Bridge
                 one
                 passeth
                 the
                 Tevere
                 or
                 Ti●…er
                 ,
                 and
                 so
                 arrives
                 to
                 the
                 Suburbs
                 of
                 Rome
                 ,
                 entring
                 the
                 
                   Porta
                   Flaminia
                
                 ,
                 now
                 called
                 
                   Porta
                   del
                   Popolo
                
                 .
              
            
             
               
               
                 LUCCA
                 .
              
               
                 THis
                 City
                 glories
                 ,
                 in
                 the
                 universal
                 agreement
                 of
                 all
                 Authors
                 ,
                 that
                 t
                 is
                 one
                 of
                 the
                 most
                 antient
                 of
                 Italy
                 ,
                 and
                 they
                 that
                 speak
                 of
                 its
                 latest
                 Original
                 attribute
                 it
                 to
                 
                   Lucchio
                   Lucnmone
                   Laerte
                
                 of
                 Tuscany
                 ,
                 who
                 reigned
                 46.
                 yeers
                 after
                 the
                 foundation
                 of
                 Rome
                 .
                 from
                 whom
                 some
                 say
                 it
                 took
                 its
                 name
                 Lucca
                 ,
                 but
                 some
                 others
                 aver●…
                 t
                 was
                 built
                 long
                 before
                 that
                 time
                 ,
                 even
                 by
                 the
                 Grecians
                 before
                 the
                 destruction
                 of
                 Troy.
                 It
                 alwaies
                 was
                 for
                 its
                 strength
                 and
                 power
                 of
                 much
                 consideration
                 :
                 and
                 that
                 made
                 
                   C.
                   Cempronius
                
                 after
                 the
                 overthrow
                 he
                 received
                 from
                 Hannibal
                 at
                 Trebbia
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 lesse
                 fortunate
                 day
                 fought
                 before
                 Piacenza
                 to
                 recover
                 Lucca
                 ,
                 with
                 the
                 remnant
                 of
                 his
                 Army
                 as
                 to
                 a
                 place
                 that
                 yeelded
                 asecure
                 retreat
                 ;
                 and
                 the
                 valorous
                 Narsete
                 ,
                 who
                 for
                 the
                 Emperour
                 Iustinian
                 ,
                 freed
                 Italy
                 of
                 the
                 Goths
                 ,
                 could
                 not
                 have
                 gained
                 it
                 with
                 his
                 7
                 Moneths
                 tedious
                 and
                 most
                 rigorous
                 siege
                 ,
                 had
                 he
                 not
                 by
                 a
                 certain
                 wile
                 and
                 cunning
                 perswaded
                 or
                 rather
                 intreated
                 the
                 Citizens
                 to
                 deliver
                 their
                 City
                 of
                 their
                 own
                 accord
                 and
                 with
                 their
                 own
                 terms
                 .
                 Its
                 Seignors
                 or
                 Lords
                 have
                 so
                 well
                 added
                 to
                 its
                 former
                 strength
                 ,
                 that
                 no
                 City
                 in
                 Italy
                 comes
                 near
                 it
                 ,
                 for
                 it
                 hath
                 eleaven
                 strong
                 Bulworks
                 in
                 lesse
                 than
                 3.
                 miles
                 circuit
                 ,
                 and
                 a
                 vast
                 wall
                 ,
                 with
                 works
                 within
                 ,
                 upon
                 which
                 the
                 Trees
                 planted
                 ,
                 the
                 pleasant
                 and
                 fertile
                 hills
                 surrounding
                 it
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 stately
                 Palaces
                 in
                 the
                 heart
                 of
                 it
                 renders
                 it
                 a
                 most
                 delightfull
                 City
                 .
              
               
                 Strabo
                 reports
                 the
                 Romans
                 often
                 raised
                 there
                 many
                 foot
                 Souldiers
                 and
                 some
                 Horse
                 ,
                 and
                 
                   Gasper
                   Sardo
                
                 writes
                 that
                 at
                 the
                 Naval
                 fight
                 bethe
                 Christians
                 and
                 Sarazens
                 in
                 anuo
                 1179.
                 
                 Lucca
                 had
                 seaven
                 Galleys
                 ,
                 under
                 the
                 command
                 of
                 
                   Nino
                   delli
                   Obezi
                
                 its
                 Citizen
                 ,
                 a
                 valiant
                 Captain
                 ,
                 who
                 was
                 also
                 Lieutenant
                 of
                 those
                 of
                 the
                 Church
                 in
                 the
                 same
                 Fleet
                 ,
                 when
                 they
                 obtained
                 immortal
                 fame
                 in
                 that
                 Victory
                 ,
                 and
                 in
                 1303.
                 the
                 Lucchesi
                 colleagued
                 with
                 the
                 Florentines
                 against
                 the
                 Pistoiesi
                 ,
                 and
                 of
                 the
                 16000.
                 foot
                 and
                 1600.
                 
                 Horse
                 ,
                 then
                 in
                 the
                 Army
                 ,
                 the
                 Lucchesi
                 had
                 10000.
                 
                 Foot
                 ,
                 and
                 600.
                 
                 Horse
                 .
              
               
                 This
                 City
                 was
                 beloved
                 ,
                 and
                 held
                 in
                 great
                 esteem
                 by
                 the
                 Romans
                 conceding
                 to
                 it
                 ,
                 the
                 fo
                 much
                 coveted
                 privilege
                 of
                 a
                 municipal
                 City
                 ,
                 and
                 making
                 it
                 a
                 Colony
                 .
              
               
                 We
                 read
                 in
                 p●…rticular
                 ,
                 that
                 (
                 at
                 the
                 needfull
                 repairing
                 of
                 Rome
                 )
                 
                   C.
                   Caesar
                
                 passed
                 a
                 winter
                 there
                 with
                 two
                 hundred
                 Senators
                 .
                 whereof
                 we●…
                 Pompey
                 and
                 Crasus
                 ,
                 who
                 here
                 complotted
                 and
                 constituted
                 the
                 first
                 Triumvirate
                 .
                 Near
                 the
                 Church
                 of
                 Saint
                 A●…gustine
                 ,
                 are
                 some
                 Reliques
                 of
                 a
                 noble
                 Temple
                 dedicate
                 to
                 Saturn
                 ,
                 with
                 the
                 foot-steps
                 of
                 an
                 Amphitheatre
                 ,
                 infallible
                 testimonies
                 of
                 its
                 Grandure
                 .
              
               
                 In
                 the
                 time
                 that
                 Tuscany
                 with
                 the
                 rest
                 of
                 Italy
                 divided
                 into
                 12
                 Governments
                 was
                 under
                 the
                 
                   Longobardi
                   ,
                   Lucca
                
                 was
                 the
                 appointed
                 ,
                 residence
                 for
                 the
                 Regent
                 of
                 Tuscany
                 ,
                 where
                 (
                 as
                 such
                 )
                 Desideri●…s
                 resided
                 ,
                 when
                 in
                 a●…no
                 577.
                 he
                 was
                 created
                 King
                 of
                 the
                 Longobardi
                 .
                 Afterwards
                 t
                 was
                 governed
                 by
                 Marqueses
                 ,
                 who
                 also
                 resided
                 there
                 as
                 in
                 the
                 Metropolis
                 of
                 that
                 Province
                 ,
                 where
                 the
                 
                   Marchese
                   Adalberto
                
                 dwelt
                 with
                 infinite
                 Splendour
                 ,
                 and
                 so
                 nobly
                 in
                 anno
                 902.
                 received
                 there
                 Lewi●…
                 the
                 Emperour
                 ,
                 that
                 he
                 admiring
                 the
                 Kingly
                 magnificence
                 and
                 grea●…nesse
                 wherein
                 the
                 Marchese
                 lived
                 ,
                 said
                 to
                 one
                 of
                 his
                 Intimats
                 ,
                 that
                 ●…ruly
                 (
                 abstracting
                 from
                 the
                 Title
                 )
                 he
                 saw
                 not
                 wherein
                 the
                 
                 Marquess
                 was
                 inferiour
                 to
                 him
                 .
                 Among
                 the
                 ,
                 Marqueses
                 of
                 
                   Tuscany
                   ,
                   Bonilf
                   da
                   Lucca
                
                 for
                 his
                 great
                 Riches
                 ,
                 his
                 own
                 valour
                 and
                 merits
                 ,
                 was
                 so
                 much
                 renowned
                 ,
                 that
                 he
                 obtained
                 for
                 his
                 wife
                 ,
                 Beatrice
                 Daughter
                 of
                 Corradns
                 the
                 second
                 ,
                 and
                 Sister
                 of
                 Henry
                 the
                 third
                 ,
                 whose
                 Issue
                 
                   La
                   Contessa
                   Matilda
                
                 ,
                 in
                 a
                 short
                 course
                 of
                 time
                 ,
                 remained
                 Heiress
                 and
                 Lady
                 of
                 this
                 and
                 many
                 other
                 Cities
                 of
                 Italy
                 ,
                 and
                 at
                 her
                 death
                 bequeathed
                 the
                 City
                 Ferrara
                 and
                 that
                 state
                 which
                 is
                 called
                 the
                 Patrimony
                 of
                 Saint
                 Peter
                 to
                 the
                 Roman
                 Church
                 ,
                 by
                 her
                 last
                 Will
                 and
                 Testament
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 yet
                 preserved
                 in
                 Lucca
                 .
              
               
                 Afterwards
                 Lucca
                 began
                 to
                 relish
                 the
                 beloved
                 fruits
                 of
                 its
                 antient
                 Liberty
                 ,
                 and
                 in
                 the
                 yeer
                 1288.
                 obtained
                 a
                 confirmation
                 of
                 it
                 from
                 the
                 Emperour
                 Rodolphus
                 ,
                 in
                 which
                 times
                 being
                 chiefly
                 ruled
                 by
                 the
                 Guelfan
                 Faction
                 ,
                 it
                 was
                 a
                 long
                 time
                 preserved
                 in
                 good
                 amity
                 ,
                 and
                 confederate
                 with
                 the
                 
                   Florentine
                   Republique
                
                 .
                 Wherefore
                 in
                 Anno
                 1304.
                 when
                 the
                 Florentine
                 Republique
                 was
                 much
                 perplexed
                 by
                 the
                 Factions
                 Bianchi
                 ,
                 and
                 Neri
                 ,
                 the
                 Lucchesi
                 were
                 requested
                 by
                 the
                 Florentines
                 to
                 aid
                 them
                 ,
                 in
                 repressing
                 their
                 tumultuous
                 and
                 confused
                 Government
                 ,
                 and
                 when
                 absolute
                 power
                 was
                 given
                 to
                 the
                 Lucchesi
                 over
                 all
                 Florence
                 ,
                 from
                 Lucca
                 were
                 sent
                 some
                 of
                 the
                 most
                 prudent
                 Citizens
                 ,
                 accompanied
                 with
                 9000.
                 
                 Souldiers
                 ,
                 the
                 most
                 part
                 horse
                 :
                 Who
                 being
                 suddainly
                 arrived
                 ,
                 settled
                 their
                 guards
                 up
                 and
                 down
                 the
                 City
                 as
                 they
                 pleased
                 ,
                 and
                 as
                 if
                 the
                 City
                 Florence
                 had
                 been
                 absolutely
                 under
                 their
                 Do
                 minion
                 :
                 which
                 done
                 ,
                 they
                 took
                 in
                 hand
                 the
                 government
                 ,
                 and
                 with
                 the
                 entire
                 satisfaction
                 of
                 that
                 Republique
                 ,
                 in
                 sixteen
                 days
                 ,
                 they
                 quieted
                 the
                 tumults
                 and
                 Factions
                 ,
                 and
                 established
                 the
                 form
                 of
                 the
                 Government
                 for
                 the
                 future
                 .
              
               
                 Some
                 time
                 after
                 the
                 which
                 Lucca
                 was
                 governed
                 by
                 Ugoccione
                 and
                 by
                 Castruccio
                 its
                 Citizen
                 ,
                 an
                 excellent
                 Captain
                 ,
                 who
                 with
                 his
                 own
                 single
                 valour
                 kept
                 the
                 neighbouring
                 Common-wealth
                 in
                 continual
                 fear
                 and
                 suspicion
                 ,
                 and
                 finally
                 after
                 it
                 had
                 undergon
                 for
                 severall
                 yeers
                 through
                 adverse
                 fortune
                 ,
                 the
                 tyranny
                 of
                 divers
                 Governours
                 ,
                 its
                 Usurpers
                 ;
                 It
                 reobtained
                 for
                 a
                 certain
                 sum
                 of
                 mony
                 its
                 former
                 Liberty
                 ,
                 from
                 Charls
                 the
                 4th
                 .
                 which
                 (
                 except
                 from
                 the
                 yeer
                 1400.
                 to
                 1430.
                 when
                 t
                 was
                 usurped
                 by
                 
                   Paolo
                   Gusinigi
                
                 its
                 Citizen
                 )
                 it
                 hath
                 ever
                 since
                 enjoyed
                 most
                 happily
                 ,
                 and
                 doth
                 at
                 present
                 rejoice
                 therein
                 ,
                 and
                 live
                 in
                 great
                 tranquillity
                 yet
                 under
                 the
                 protection
                 of
                 the
                 Catholick
                 King
                 ,
                 and
                 with
                 such
                 security
                 ,
                 that
                 those
                 Gentlemen
                 to
                 w●…om
                 the
                 Goverment
                 of
                 the
                 Republique
                 is
                 committed
                 ,
                 neither
                 watch
                 at
                 ,
                 nor
                 take
                 care
                 for
                 any
                 thing
                 more
                 than
                 the
                 publique
                 good
                 ,
                 and
                 Union
                 o●…
                 all
                 its
                 Citizens
                 ,
                 the
                 two
                 principal
                 and
                 necessary
                 Foundations
                 ,
                 for
                 the
                 maintenance
                 of
                 the
                 Republique
                 .
                 It
                 s
                 administration
                 and
                 Government
                 is
                 an
                 Oligarchy
                 .
              
               
                 This
                 Clty
                 is
                 replenisht
                 with
                 many
                 good
                 and
                 Artfull
                 Structures
                 ,
                 and
                 a
                 great
                 number
                 of
                 stately
                 Churches
                 ;
                 Among
                 which
                 Its
                 Cathedral
                 ,
                 dedicate
                 to
                 Saint
                 Martin
                 ,
                 retains
                 the
                 chief
                 prerogative
                 .
                 This
                 Church
                 hath
                 been
                 much
                 adorned
                 and
                 favoured
                 by
                 the
                 Popes
                 ,
                 and
                 first
                 by
                 Alexande●…
                 the
                 second
                 ,
                 who
                 in
                 the
                 yeer
                 of
                 our
                 Lord
                 1070.
                 (
                 as
                 we
                 read
                 in
                 Baronius
                 )
                 was
                 pleased
                 to
                 take
                 upon
                 himself
                 the
                 pains
                 to
                 consecrate
                 it
                 ,
                 then
                 Urban
                 the
                 sixth
                 in
                 anno
                 1382.
                 there
                 celebrated
                 Mass
                 the
                 night
                 of
                 the
                 Nativity
                 of
                 our
                 Lord
                 ,
                 and
                 honoured
                 the
                 chief
                 standard
                 bearer
                 ,
                 with
                 the
                 reading
                 the
                 Epistle
                 by
                 his
                 order
                 .
                 The
                 Bishop
                 and
                 Canons
                 are
                 endowed
                 with
                 great
                 Privileges
                 :
                 being
                 allowed
                 the
                 use
                 
                 of
                 the
                 Archiepiscopal
                 Ornaments
                 ,
                 that
                 is
                 a
                 Cross
                 and
                 Pall
                 :
                 and
                 the
                 Canons
                 are
                 faculted
                 to
                 bear
                 the
                 Priests
                 cope
                 ,
                 and
                 purple
                 Sattin
                 robes
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Mitre
                 of
                 white
                 Sattin
                 ,
                 
                   More
                   Cardinalium
                
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Bishop
                 is
                 so
                 great
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 Canons
                 acknowledge
                 no
                 other
                 Superiour
                 but
                 the
                 Apostolick
                 Sea.
                 
              
               
                 Among
                 the
                 many
                 graces
                 wherewith
                 this
                 Church
                 is
                 favoured
                 by
                 the
                 most
                 high
                 God
                 ,
                 some
                 may
                 especially
                 be
                 considered
                 ;
                 first
                 that
                 Lucca
                 was
                 the
                 first
                 City
                 of
                 Tuscany
                 ,
                 that
                 (
                 as
                 
                   Fr.
                   Leandro
                
                 and
                 others
                 recount
                 )
                 received
                 the
                 light
                 of
                 the
                 holy
                 faith
                 ,
                 which
                 happened
                 in
                 the
                 44th
                 .
                 yeer
                 of
                 our
                 Salvation
                 ,
                 by
                 the
                 means
                 of
                 Saint
                 
                   Paulino
                   Antiocheno
                
                 ,
                 the
                 Disciple
                 of
                 Saint
                 Peter
                 ,
                 crowned
                 a
                 Martyr
                 upon
                 the
                 hill
                 
                   S.
                   Iuliano
                
                 ,
                 by
                 Anozino
                 President
                 in
                 Pisa.
                 Secondly
                 ,
                 that
                 in
                 the
                 time
                 of
                 Charles
                 the
                 Great
                 ,
                 with
                 most
                 singular
                 favour
                 it
                 obtained
                 the
                 holy
                 Countenance
                 or
                 Visage
                 ,
                 (
                 
                   Volto
                   Santo
                
                 )
                 formed
                 and
                 placed
                 miraculously
                 by
                 a
                 divine
                 hand
                 ,
                 on
                 the
                 venerable
                 Statue
                 of
                 the
                 Saviour
                 of
                 the
                 World
                 :
                 framed
                 by
                 Nichodemus
                 his
                 Disciple
                 ,
                 when
                 he
                 stood
                 as
                 't
                 were
                 bereaved
                 of
                 senses
                 ,
                 with
                 consulting
                 to
                 form
                 the
                 head
                 with
                 such
                 perfection
                 as
                 might
                 give
                 honour
                 to
                 the
                 Statue
                 .
              
               
                 In
                 it
                 lie
                 the
                 bodies
                 of
                 
                   S.
                   Paolino
                   ,
                   Rigolo
                
                 and
                 Frediano
                 .
                 It
                 s
                 principal
                 Protectors
                 ,
                 with
                 those
                 of
                 33.
                 other
                 Saints
                 ,
                 whereof
                 14.
                 were
                 Lucchesi
                 .
                 In
                 the
                 yeer
                 1588.
                 was
                 found
                 here
                 a
                 Miraculous
                 Image
                 of
                 our
                 Lady
                 ,
                 through
                 whose
                 mediation
                 God
                 hath
                 here
                 done
                 wonderfull
                 graces
                 to
                 the
                 faithfull
                 of
                 divers
                 Nations
                 .
                 It
                 hath
                 afforded
                 Popes
                 ,
                 Cardinals
                 ,
                 Lords
                 ,
                 and
                 famous
                 Captains
                 in
                 great
                 numbers
                 with
                 exquisite
                 Sholars
                 :
                 whereof
                 one
                 must
                 be
                 mentioned
                 ,
                 to
                 wit
                 Fryer
                 Panigni
                 ,
                 having
                 so
                 great
                 a
                 renown
                 through
                 all
                 parts
                 of
                 the
                 world
                 for
                 his
                 elaborate
                 and
                 exact
                 Translation
                 of
                 the
                 holy
                 Scripture
                 out
                 of
                 the
                 Hebrew
                 into
                 the
                 Latin
                 Tongue
                 ,
                 whom
                 we
                 will
                 set
                 alone
                 though
                 many
                 others
                 in
                 several
                 Sciences
                 ,
                 Qualities
                 ,
                 and
                 Honours
                 might
                 be
                 well
                 remembred
                 with
                 him
                 .
                 Many
                 noble
                 Families
                 quitted
                 this
                 their
                 Countrey
                 ,
                 either
                 to
                 avoid
                 the
                 plagues
                 ,
                 or
                 tyrannies
                 of
                 Usurpers
                 ,
                 and
                 retreated
                 to
                 Venice
                 and
                 Genoua
                 ,
                 where
                 some
                 of
                 them
                 are
                 in
                 that
                 honour
                 as
                 to
                 be
                 admitted
                 Partners
                 in
                 the
                 government
                 of
                 those
                 States
                 as
                 if
                 originally
                 of
                 those
                 Republiques
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Territories
                 of
                 Lucca
                 are
                 small
                 ,
                 but
                 through
                 the
                 Industry
                 of
                 the
                 Inhabitants
                 ,
                 most
                 fertile
                 and
                 abounding
                 in
                 all
                 things
                 ,
                 and
                 so
                 well
                 peopled
                 ,
                 that
                 they
                 have
                 eighteen
                 thousand
                 Men
                 enrolled
                 in
                 the
                 Militia
                 ,
                 besides
                 those
                 of
                 the
                 City
                 :
                 In
                 them
                 lies
                 those
                 so
                 health
                 ,
                 affording
                 Bathes
                 ,
                 celebrated
                 by
                 many
                 Historians
                 and
                 other
                 writers
                 ,
                 whither
                 annually
                 resort
                 from
                 all
                 parts
                 infinite
                 infirm
                 and
                 Lame
                 Persons
                 ,
                 who
                 for
                 the
                 most
                 part
                 return
                 comforted
                 and
                 recovered
                 :
                 In
                 the
                 way
                 whereunto
                 they
                 pass
                 two
                 Bridges
                 over
                 the
                 River
                 Serchio
                 ,
                 whose
                 Arches
                 are
                 so
                 large
                 that
                 they
                 are
                 wonderfull
                 to
                 the
                 beholders
                 :
                 And
                 t
                 is
                 certain
                 all
                 Europe
                 cannot
                 shew
                 two
                 Bridges
                 so
                 noble
                 and
                 fair
                 .
              
               
                 Many
                 other
                 remarkable
                 things
                 might
                 be
                 inserted
                 of
                 this
                 most
                 noble
                 City
                 and
                 its
                 State
                 ,
                 but
                 to
                 avoid
                 prolixity
                 ,
                 and
                 pursue
                 the
                 stile
                 begun
                 ,
                 the
                 more
                 curious
                 are
                 referred
                 to
                 the
                 particular
                 writers
                 who
                 treat
                 thereof
                 most
                 copiously
                 .
              
            
             
               
               
                 GENOUA
                 .
              
               
                 THis
                 City
                 is
                 head
                 of
                 the
                 Province
                 Liguria
                 ,
                 situate
                 on
                 the
                 Sea
                 shore
                 at
                 the
                 foot
                 of
                 very
                 high
                 Mountains
                 which
                 though
                 slerile
                 by
                 nature
                 by
                 the
                 Inhabitants
                 industry
                 are
                 become
                 most
                 fertile
                 and
                 produce
                 most
                 necessaries
                 besides
                 those
                 delights
                 which
                 ly
                 on
                 the
                 South
                 part
                 of
                 it
                 .
                 It
                 s
                 ayr
                 is
                 good
                 ,
                 though
                 somewhat
                 enclineing
                 to
                 hot
                 and
                 dry
                 t
                 is
                 built
                 in
                 part
                 upon
                 hills
                 and
                 in
                 part
                 upon
                 a
                 Plain
                 or
                 Level
                 .
                 On
                 the
                 Maritine
                 part
                 Westward
                 ,
                 It
                 hath
                 a
                 Port
                 may
                 well
                 merit
                 the
                 name
                 of
                 the
                 most
                 importent
                 of
                 Italy
                 .
                 It
                 enjoyes
                 the
                 Treasure
                 of
                 Liberty
                 ,
                 and
                 is
                 governed
                 in
                 form
                 of
                 a
                 Republique
                 ,
                 all
                 its
                 state
                 being
                 content
                 with
                 that
                 form
                 ,
                 knowing
                 that
                 to
                 the
                 obedient
                 Life
                 Honour
                 and
                 Goods
                 ,
                 under
                 that
                 government
                 are
                 in
                 no
                 hazard
                 .
                 It
                 stands
                 between
                 two
                 Rivers
                 the
                 one
                 on
                 the
                 East
                 70.
                 miles
                 long
                 ,
                 the
                 other
                 on
                 the
                 West
                 a
                 100.
                 
                 In
                 the
                 River
                 on
                 the
                 Levant
                 about
                 6.
                 miles
                 from
                 the
                 City
                 is
                 the
                 comely
                 Town
                 of
                 Mervi
                 ,
                 which
                 plentifully
                 stores
                 it
                 with
                 Fruits
                 and
                 Flowers
                 all
                 the
                 Winter
                 .
                 T
                 is
                 Mistress
                 and
                 sole
                 Governess
                 of
                 the
                 Island
                 of
                 Corsica
                 ,
                 whence
                 in
                 time
                 of
                 need
                 they
                 can
                 advance
                 a
                 good
                 quantity
                 of
                 Souldiers
                 not
                 inferiour
                 in
                 Arms
                 or
                 Valour
                 to
                 any
                 other
                 Nation
                 .
                 The
                 People
                 of
                 Corsia
                 most
                 willingly
                 yeelding
                 them
                 Obedience
                 ,
                 for
                 their
                 protection
                 ,
                 and
                 that
                 costs
                 them
                 but
                 a
                 quarter
                 of
                 a
                 Crown
                 annually
                 for
                 each
                 fire
                 ,
                 and
                 some
                 other
                 incensible
                 tax
                 .
                 Every
                 two
                 yeers
                 the
                 Republique
                 sends
                 thither
                 a
                 Governour
                 and
                 the
                 other
                 Lawgivers
                 and
                 Judges
                 ,
                 who
                 haviug
                 finished
                 their
                 Offices
                 ,
                 are
                 arraigned
                 by
                 two
                 Gentlemen
                 impowred
                 thither
                 to
                 that
                 effect
                 ,
                 who
                 without
                 any
                 trouble
                 to
                 the
                 subject
                 ,
                 do
                 them
                 justice
                 against
                 any
                 Governour
                 or
                 Judge
                 at
                 their
                 own
                 doors
                 ,
                 who
                 hath
                 done
                 them
                 wrong
                 :
                 Which
                 rule
                 they
                 also
                 observe
                 through
                 all
                 other
                 parts
                 of
                 their
                 state
                 .
                 On
                 all
                 part
                 of
                 the
                 City
                 are
                 infinite
                 pleasant
                 Gardens
                 and
                 Pallaces
                 beautified
                 with
                 all
                 that
                 Art
                 can
                 add
                 to
                 them
                 or
                 Riches
                 procure
                 their
                 Structures
                 being
                 
                   alla
                   Moderna
                
                 though
                 somewhat
                 high
                 in
                 most
                 parts
                 by
                 reason
                 that
                 the
                 City
                 is
                 but
                 small
                 ,
                 so
                 that
                 they
                 are
                 necessitated
                 to
                 make
                 the
                 best
                 use
                 of
                 their
                 Room
                 which
                 renders
                 the
                 streets
                 in
                 most
                 places
                 narrow
                 and
                 in
                 some
                 a
                 little
                 obscure
                 .
                 Though
                 one
                 street
                 may
                 be
                 well
                 termed
                 the
                 Mistress
                 of
                 the
                 World
                 called
                 
                   Strada
                   Nova
                
                 ,
                 being
                 spatious
                 ,
                 long
                 ,
                 even
                 ,
                 and
                 on
                 each
                 side
                 embellished
                 with
                 most
                 stately
                 Marble
                 Pallaces
                 ,
                 the
                 fairest
                 whereof
                 belongs
                 to
                 the
                 Duke
                 of
                 Oria.
                 It
                 hath
                 a
                 most
                 spatious
                 Port
                 in
                 form
                 of
                 a
                 Theatre
                 compassed
                 in
                 with
                 noble
                 Structures
                 ,
                 which
                 though
                 defended
                 by
                 a
                 most
                 magnificent
                 Mole
                 (
                 judged
                 the
                 greatest
                 in
                 Christendome
                 )
                 yet
                 is
                 when
                 the
                 South
                 and
                 Southwest
                 Winds
                 blow
                 very
                 tempestuous
                 .
                 Opposite
                 to
                 it
                 is
                 a
                 Pharos
                 bearing
                 a
                 Lanthern
                 (
                 for
                 light
                 to
                 ships
                 in
                 the
                 night
                 time
                 )
                 of
                 an
                 extraordinary
                 bigness
                 .
                 Darsina
                 is
                 a
                 haven
                 to
                 it
                 also
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 a
                 sure
                 retreat
                 for
                 Galleys
                 and
                 shipping
                 at
                 all
                 seasons
                 :
                 The
                 Galleys
                 being
                 there
                 layed
                 up
                 in
                 their
                 several
                 classis
                 .
                 For
                 publick
                 Edifices
                 it
                 hath
                 the
                 Merchants
                 Hall.
                 The
                 publick
                 Granaries
                 the
                 Dukes
                 Pallace
                 with
                 the
                 Armory
                 of
                 30000.
                 
                 Men.
                 And
                 their
                 Churches
                 which
                 though
                 (
                 in
                 respect
                 of
                 others
                 of
                 Italy
                 )
                 they
                 have
                 not
                 so
                 much
                 Beauty
                 ,
                 that
                 once
                 seen
                 they
                 yeeld
                 a
                 Gusto
                 to
                 a
                 second
                 view
                 ,
                 yet
                 for
                 their
                 polisht
                 Marble
                 and
                 inward
                 Ornaments
                 ,
                 were
                 they
                 placed
                 any
                 where
                 but
                 in
                 Italy
                 might
                 well
                 merit
                 a
                 larger
                 Account
                 .
                 In
                 
                 Saint
                 Lorenzo
                 the
                 Cathedral
                 Church
                 is
                 shewed
                 to
                 Persons
                 of
                 quality
                 an
                 Emerald
                 of
                 inestible
                 price
                 :
                 as
                 also
                 the
                 sumptuous
                 Chapel
                 of
                 
                   San
                   Gio
                   Battista
                
                 ,
                 wherein
                 they
                 adore
                 his
                 Ashes
                 .
              
               
                 Who
                 delights
                 to
                 see
                 Pictures
                 of
                 great
                 Maisters
                 must
                 repair
                 to
                 the
                 Palace
                 of
                 Prince
                 D'Ora
                 ,
                 reaching
                 from
                 the
                 bottom
                 of
                 the
                 shore
                 to
                 the
                 top
                 of
                 the
                 Mountains
                 ,
                 divided
                 into
                 three
                 Gardens
                 .
                 In
                 the
                 fi●…st
                 whereof
                 the
                 Terrases
                 and
                 Porticues
                 bore
                 up
                 one
                 above
                 another
                 with
                 Marble
                 Pillars
                 ,
                 the
                 Fountain
                 of
                 Eagles
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Family
                 of
                 Neptune
                 are
                 very
                 magnificent
                 .
                 On
                 one
                 side
                 of
                 which
                 is
                 that
                 famous
                 Cage
                 of
                 Iron
                 work
                 of
                 so
                 vast
                 extent
                 ,
                 that
                 it
                 encloseth
                 a
                 wood
                 of
                 Cypres
                 and
                 other
                 Trees
                 :
                 The
                 other
                 two
                 are
                 filled
                 with
                 Grotts
                 Orange
                 Trees
                 ,
                 and
                 other
                 delights
                 .
                 And
                 who
                 is
                 curious
                 to
                 see
                 Statues
                 and
                 Pictures
                 ,
                 may
                 repair
                 with
                 fredome
                 to
                 the
                 Pallaces
                 of
                 the
                 Signori
                 
                   Giustiniano
                   ,
                   Pallavicino
                   ,
                   Horatio
                   ,
                   Chiavari
                   ,
                
                 and
                 
                   Giovan
                   ,
                   Caclo
                   Doria
                
                 ;
                 who
                 have
                 collections
                 of
                 such
                 Rarities
                 of
                 so
                 great
                 valew
                 ,
                 as
                 is
                 scarce
                 to
                 be
                 believed
                 a
                 Treasure
                 for
                 a
                 private
                 Man.
                 Two
                 Stautes
                 which
                 Giustiniano
                 hath
                 for
                 their
                 incomparable
                 and
                 Price
                 deserve
                 particuler
                 mention
                 ,
                 to
                 wit
                 ,
                 an
                 antient
                 Cupid
                 of
                 Marble
                 sleeping
                 ,
                 and
                 an
                 antique
                 head
                 with
                 a
                 body
                 to
                 it
                 ,
                 esteemed
                 most
                 rare
                 antiquities
                 .
              
               
                 Religion
                 so
                 flourishes
                 in
                 Genoua
                 ,
                 that
                 they
                 may
                 (
                 with
                 thanks
                 to
                 God
                 )
                 say
                 that
                 t
                 is
                 there
                 in
                 the
                 hig●…h
                 of
                 Glory
                 .
              
               
                 It
                 contains
                 about
                 a
                 hundred
                 thousand
                 Souls
                 more
                 or
                 less
                 :
                 out
                 of
                 which
                 in
                 all
                 Ages
                 have
                 proceeded
                 Eminent
                 Sholars
                 and
                 Souldiers
                 .
              
               
                 Which
                 shall
                 end
                 the
                 relation
                 here
                 with
                 this
                 short
                 Addition
                 ,
                 that
                 whosoever
                 for
                 delight
                 sees
                 Genoua
                 ,
                 must
                 repair
                 thither
                 in
                 the
                 begining
                 of
                 Summer
                 ,
                 who
                 for
                 profit
                 or
                 Merchandize
                 may
                 take
                 their
                 own
                 conveniency
                 .
                 To
                 take
                 a
                 perfect
                 view
                 ,
                 and
                 a
                 full
                 prospect
                 of
                 the
                 City
                 ,
                 in
                 a
                 calm
                 and
                 serene
                 day
                 you
                 must
                 embark
                 in
                 a
                 small
                 Boat
                 ,
                 and
                 eloign
                 on
                 the
                 Sea
                 the
                 distance
                 of
                 an
                 ordinary
                 Sight
                 ,
                 where
                 the
                 City
                 seems
                 so
                 to
                 be
                 united
                 with
                 the
                 Burroughs
                 ,
                 and
                 both
                 so
                 conjoyned
                 afford
                 so
                 fair
                 an
                 Object
                 ,
                 as
                 must
                 be
                 confest
                 to
                 be
                 a
                 most
                 beautifull
                 and
                 noble
                 Prospective
                 .
              
               
                 And
                 who
                 would
                 behold
                 Genoua
                 from
                 a
                 high
                 place
                 ,
                 must
                 ascend
                 the
                 Steeple
                 of
                 the
                 Church
                 of
                 
                   S.
                   Benigno
                
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Pharos
                 where
                 the
                 Lanthorn
                 stands
                 .
              
               
                 In
                 the
                 Church
                 〈◊〉
                 Saint
                 Iohn
                 the
                 Baptist
                 among
                 its
                 other
                 Reliques
                 ,
                 they
                 pretend
                 to
                 have
                 the
                 heads
                 of
                 Saint
                 Lavrence
                 ,
                 and
                 Saint
                 Sebastian
                 the
                 Martyr
                 ,
                 the
                 Arms
                 of
                 Saint
                 Matthew
                 and
                 Saint
                 Theodore
                 the
                 Martyr
                 and
                 the
                 right
                 hand
                 of
                 Saint
                 Iames
                 the
                 less
                 ,
                 together
                 with
                 a
                 certain
                 vessel
                 of
                 Calcidonian
                 stone
                 ,
                 bestowed
                 on
                 this
                 Church
                 by
                 Pope
                 Innocent
                 the
                 8th
                 .
                 which
                 they
                 say
                 to
                 be
                 the
                 same
                 dish
                 wherein
                 the
                 Daughter
                 of
                 Herodias
                 brought
                 in
                 the
                 head
                 of
                 Saint
                 
                   Iohn
                   Baptist
                
                 to
                 her
                 Mother
                 .
                 In
                 the
                 same
                 Church
                 lies
                 the
                 body
                 of
                 
                   S.
                   Siri
                
                 ,
                 or
                 rather
                 Sylus
                 ,
                 the
                 third
                 Bishop
                 of
                 this
                 City
                 ,
                 under
                 the
                 high
                 altar
                 with
                 this
                 Epitaph
                 .
                 
                   
                     Hic
                     ,
                     recubat
                     Sylus
                     sacro
                     baptismate
                     dictus
                     ,
                  
                   
                     Cujus
                     terra
                     levis
                     Florida
                     menbra
                     premi
                     .
                  
                
              
            
          
           
             wherewith
             this
             Book
             concludes
             .
          
           
             the
             end
             of
             the
             first
             Book
             .
          
        
         
           
           
           
             
          
        
         
           
           
           
             THE
             HISTORY
             OF
             ITALY
             ,
             BEING
             A
             Compendious
             DESCRIPTION
             OF
             ROME
             THE
             Mistress
             of
             the
             WORLD
             ,
             with
             an
             Account
             of
             all
             particulars
             therein
             worth
             Observation
             as
             well
             Divine
             as
             Humane
             .
          
           
             The
             Second
             PART
             .
          
           
             
               
                 Ammianus
                 Marcellinus
              
               in
               the
               14th
               .
               Book
               of
               his
               History
               speaks
               after
               this
               manner
               of
               ROME
               .
            
          
           
             T
             is
             not
             a
             little
             wonder
             that
             Virtue
             and
             Fortune
             (
             whom
             the
             world
             conclude
             almost
             at
             perpetual
             discord
             )
             should
             accord
             together
             in
             that
             instant
             of
             time
             ,
             when
             Rome
             for
             its
             agrandizing
             ,
             had
             so
             much
             need
             of
             their
             united
             force
             .
             By
             which
             their
             conjoyned
             strengths
             ,
             Rome
             augmented
             her
             Empire
             to
             that
             Greatness
             ,
             that
             she
             subjugated
             the
             whole
             World.
             T
             is
             worth
             considering
             the
             Paralell
             between
             her
             and
             a
             Childe
             :
             Who
             in
             its
             first
             
             Infancy
             creeps
             ,
             when
             she
             began
             to
             be
             built
             and
             peopled
             :
             then
             it
             acquires
             vigour
             &
             strength
             ,
             for
             Adolescential
             Exercises
             ,
             so
             she
             then
             warred
             only
             with
             her
             neighbours
             ,
             but
             when
             arrived
             to
             more
             full
             strength
             is
             employed
             in
             Manly
             disputes
             :
             So
             she
             when
             arived
             to
             be
             300.
             yeers
             old
             ,
             and
             increased
             both
             in
             vigour
             and
             People
             ,
             began
             to
             pass
             Mountains
             and
             Seas
             ,
             pursuing
             Warr
             into
             the
             farthest
             Countreys
             ,
             where
             she
             obtained
             and
             brought
             home
             innumerable
             Victories
             and
             Triumphs
             from
             the
             Barbarous
             and
             wilde
             Nations
             :
             In
             the
             end
             ,
             having
             made
             infinite
             noble
             Attempts
             ,
             and
             acquired
             whatever
             upon
             Earth
             through
             Valour
             was
             to
             be
             obtained
             (
             as
             t
             were
             arrived
             to
             mature
             Age
             )
             she
             begun
             to
             acquiesce
             ,
             whereby
             the
             better
             to
             enjoy
             those
             good
             benefits
             and
             Advantages
             ,
             which
             she
             had
             then
             provided
             for
             :
             Comitting
             the
             Troubles
             of
             Government
             to
             the
             Emperors
             (
             as
             to
             her
             Natural
             Children
             )
             for
             her
             better
             and
             more
             pleasing
             repose
             :
             At
             which
             time
             although
             the
             People
             participated
             of
             that
             publique
             Ease
             and
             Profit
             ,
             and
             the
             Souldiery
             moved
             not
             for
             her
             further
             advancement
             :
             yet
             such
             was
             the
             Care
             of
             her
             Greatness
             :
             that
             the
             Roman
             Majesty
             was
             no
             less
             Reverenced
             than
             feared
             .
          
           
             Virgil
             in
             praise
             of
             Rome
             wrote
             these
             Verses
             .
             
               
                 Ipse
                 Lupae
                 fulvo
                 nutricis
                 tegmine
                 laetus
              
               
                 Romulus
                 ,
                 Assaraci
                 quem
                 sanguinis
                 Ilia
                 Mater
              
               
                 Eduxit
                 ,
                 genti
                 Mavortia
                 condidit
                 olim
              
               
                 Maenia
                 .
                 Romanosque
                 suo
                 de
                 nomine
                 dixit
                 .
              
               
                 Illius
                 auspiciis
                 rerum
                 pulcherrima
                 Roma
              
               
                 Imperium
                 terris
                 ,
                 animos
                 aequavit
                 Olimpo
                 ,
              
               
                 Septemque
                 una
                 sibi
                 muro
                 circumdedit
                 Arces
                 :
              
               
                 Felix
                 prole
                 virûm
                 :
                 qualis
                 Berecinthia
                 Mater
              
               
                 Invehitur
                 curru
                 Phrygias
                 turrita
                 per
                 Urbes
                 ,
              
               
                 Laeta
                 Deûm
                 partu
                 ,
                 centum
                 complexa
                 ne
                 potes
              
               
                 Omnes
                 caelicolas
                 ,
                 omnes
                 supera
                 alta
                 tenentes
                 .
              
               
                 Hanc
                 olim
                 Indiginae
                 Fauni
                 ,
                 Nimphaeque
                 tenebant
                 :
              
               
                 Gensque
                 virûm
                 truncis
                 ,
                 &
                 duro
                 robore
                 nata
                 .
              
               
                 Quae
                 duo
                 disjectis
                 tenuerunt
                 oppida
                 muris
                 :
              
               
                 Hanc
                 Ianus
                 pater
                 ,
                 hanc
                 Saturnus
                 condidit
                 Urbem
                 .
              
               
                 Ianiculum
                 Huic
                 ,
                 illi
                 fuerat
                 Saturnia
                 nomen
                 .
              
            
          
           
             And
             Ovid
             surnamed
             Naso
             composed
             these
             of
             Rome
             .
             
               
                 Crescendo
                 formam
                 mutavit
                 Martia
                 Roma
                 ,
              
               
                 Appenini
                 genae
                 ,
                 quae
                 proxima
                 Tibridis
                 undis
              
               
                 Mole
                 sub
                 ingenti
                 posuit
                 fundamina
                 rerum
                 ,
              
               
                 Quanta
                 nec
                 est
                 ,
                 nec
                 erit
                 ,
                 nec
                 visa
                 prioribus
                 annis
                 .
              
               
                 Hanc
                 alii
                 proceres
                 per
                 saecula
                 longa
                 potentem
                 ,
              
               
                 Sed
                 dominam
                 rerum
                 de
                 Sanguine
                 natus
                 Iuli
              
               
                 Effecit
                 ,
                 quo
                 ,
                 quum
                 tellus
                 fuit
                 usa
                 ,
                 fruuntur
              
               
                 AEthereae
                 sedes
                 ,
                 caelumque
                 ●…it
                 exitus
                 illi
                 .
              
            
          
           
             Who
             saith
             also
             in
             another
             place
             :
             
               
                 Hîc
                 ubi
                 nunc
                 Roma
                 est
                 ,
                 olim
                 fuit
                 arduasylva
              
               
                 Tan
                 taque
                 res
                 pa●…cis
                 pascua
                 bobus
                 erat
                 .
              
            
          
           
           
             In
             another
             .
             
               
                 Gentibus
                 est
                 aliis
                 ,
                 tellus
                 data
                 limite
                 certo
                 ,
              
               
                 Romanae
                 spatium
                 est
                 urbis
                 ,
                 &
                 orbis
                 idem
                 .
              
            
          
           
             Divers
             other
             testimonies
             and
             Declarations
             of
             the
             Magnificence
             of
             Rome
             were
             writ
             by
             
               Ausonius
               Claudianus
               ,
               Rutilius
               Numantianus
            
             ,
             old
             Authors
             ,
             and
             by
             
               Iulius
               Caesar
               Scaliger
               ,
               Faustus
               Sabeus
            
             a
             Brescian
             ,
             and
             other
             modern
             writers
             ,
             which
             for
             brevity
             sake
             are
             here
             omitted
             but
             without
             comitting
             an
             unpardonable
             fault
             ,
             we
             must
             not
             leave
             out
             these
             elegant
             verses
             of
             
               Marcus
               Antonius
               Flaminius
            
             ,
             viz.
             
             
               
                 Antiquum
                 revocat
                 decus
              
               
                 Divûm
                 Roma
                 domus
                 ,
                 &
                 caput
                 Urbium
                 .
              
               
                 Vertex
                 nobilis
                 Imper
                 I
                 :
              
               
                 Mater
                 magnanimûm
                 Roma
                 Quiritium
                 .
              
               
                 Fortunata
                 per
                 Oppida
              
               
                 Cornu
                 fundit
                 opes
                 ●…opia
                 divite
                 ,
              
               
                 Virtuti
                 suus
                 est
                 honos
                 ,
              
               
                 Et
                 legum
                 timor
                 ,
                 &
                 prisca
                 redit
                 fides
                 .
              
            
          
           
             Nor
             these
             of
             
               M.
               Valerius
               Martialis
            
             .
             
               
                 Terrarum
                 Dea
                 ,
                 gentiumque
                 Roma
                 ,
              
               
                 Cui
                 par
                 est
                 nihil
                 ,
                 &
                 nihil
                 secundum
                 .
              
            
          
           
             
               The
               praise
               of
               ROME
               written
               by
               
                 STEFANO
                 PIGHIO
              
               .
            
             
               ROME
               the
               Glorious
               is
               replenisht
               with
               stupendious
               Structures
               ,
               as
               well
               publique
               ,
               appertaining
               to
               the
               Popes
               ,
               as
               private
               ,
               belonging
               to
               Cardinals
               and
               Princes
               ,
               who
               at
               this
               time
               frequent
               that
               City
               .
               The
               Gardens
               behind
               the
               Vatican
               called
               Belvedere
               ,
               from
               their
               beauty
               and
               pleasantness
               ,
               are
               no
               less
               estimable
               :
               In
               which
               Pope
               
                 Sistus
                 quartus
              
               ,
               erected
               a
               noble
               Palace
               without
               regard
               to
               his
               expence
               ,
               soe
               it
               might
               be
               excellently
               carved
               ,
               painted
               ,
               guilt
               ,
               and
               embellish't
               with
               rare
               figures
               ,
               thereby
               to
               make
               it
               a
               Kingly
               Receptacle
               for
               entertainment
               of
               such
               eminent
               Princes
               and
               Lords
               ,
               as
               should
               repair
               to
               Rome
               :
               Before
               the
               Front
               of
               that
               Pallace
               where
               the
               Pope
               resides
               ,
               is
               a
               most
               stately
               Porticue
               composed
               in
               the
               form
               of
               a
               Theater
               ,
               raised
               some
               steps
               above
               the
               Earth
               ,
               and
               garnished
               with
               many
               marble
               Statues
               :
               and
               on
               the
               western
               part
               is
               another
               Porticue
               which
               stands
               between
               the
               one
               and
               the
               other
               Palace
               ,
               (
               Belveder
               being
               near
               the
               Popes
               Palace
               )
               and
               will
               be
               when
               finish't
               according
               to
               the
               design
               ,
               a
               most
               stately
               Piece
               and
               of
               great
               value
               .
            
             
               But
               of
               greater
               wonder
               are
               those
               footsteps
               and
               marks
               of
               old
               Rome
               which
               seem
               rather
               the
               works
               of
               Gyants
               than
               of
               ordinary
               men
               :
               although
               
               (
               compared
               to
               what
               t
               was
               )
               much
               inferiour
               by
               the
               great
               fallings
               and
               decayes
               of
               Towers
               ,
               and
               Walls
               in
               divers
               places
               ,
               where
               stood
               formerly
               publique
               Edifices
               .
               Martial
               in
               most
               elegant
               Verse
               sets
               the
               Theater
               of
               
                 Titus
                 Vespacian
              
               ,
               before
               the
               seaven
               wonders
               of
               the
               World
               :
               and
               not
               unworthily
               ,
               since
               to
               this
               day
               ,
               it
               creates
               admiration
               in
               all
               judicious
               Men
               ,
               by
               its
               prodigious
               Structure
               .
               Who
               admires
               not
               the
               Pantheon
               ,
               or
               the
               
                 Circalean
                 ,
                 Dioclesian
              
               ,
               and
               Constantinian
               Baths
               ,
               which
               Fabricks
               are
               built
               with
               rare
               art
               ,
               and
               so
               great
               that
               they
               seem
               Castles
               and
               Towns
               :
               Or
               the
               vast
               number
               of
               Arches
               ,
               Triumphals
               ,
               Collumns
               ,
               Sculptures
               of
               whole
               Armies
               figured
               to
               the
               Life
               :
               Pyramids
               ,
               and
               Obelisks
               ,
               of
               so
               vast
               bigness
               ,
               that
               who
               would
               transport
               one
               of
               them
               must
               build
               a
               ship
               large
               and
               strong
               enough
               to
               float
               and
               sail
               laden
               with
               a
               Mountain
               .
               What
               shall
               we
               say
               of
               the
               great
               entire
               Statues
               ,
               of
               the
               Castori
               on
               Horseback
               ?
               of
               the
               great
               bodies
               of
               Rivers
               prostrate
               on
               the
               ground
               ?
               of
               so
               many
               brass
               Statues
               and
               Vessels
               capacious
               to
               bath
               in
               ?
               or
               of
               those
               Marble
               Tablets
               and
               Pillars
               with
               hundreds
               of
               other
               excellencies
               .
               Each
               of
               which
               are
               worthy
               of
               ,
               and
               would
               fill
               up
               a
               particular
               volume
               if
               worthily
               described
               .
            
             
               The
               Gardens
               of
               Belvedere
               ,
               contain
               some
               Statues
               of
               white
               Marble
               far
               bigger
               than
               the
               body
               of
               a
               Man
               ,
               as
               of
               Apollo
               ,
               of
               Hercules
               ,
               of
               Venus
               ,
               of
               Mercury
               ,
               of
               the
               Genius
               of
               the
               Prince
               ,
               thought
               by
               some
               to
               be
               of
               Anthony
               ,
               of
               Adrian
               the
               Emperor
               ,
               of
               a
               Nymph
               leaning
               near
               a
               River
               ,
               judged
               by
               some
               to
               be
               Cleopatra
               ,
               and
               of
               Laocoon
               the
               Trojan
               with
               his
               two
               Sons
               ,
               enveloped
               in
               the
               twistings
               of
               the
               Serpents
               ,
               a
               piecemuch
               applauded
               by
               Pliny
               ,
               cut
               out
               of
               one
               entire
               Stone
               ,
               which
               that
               it
               might
               receive
               as
               excelling
               shapes
               ,
               and
               forms
               as
               could
               be
               carved
               by
               industry
               or
               Art
               ,
               
                 Agesandro
                 ,
                 Polidoro
              
               ,
               and
               Asenodoro
               ,
               three
               rare
               Rodian
               Sculptors
               applyed
               their
               joynt
               Industry
               ,
               study
               ,
               &
               pains
               :
               This
               curious
               Sculpture
               ,
               was
               preserved
               by
               miracle
               of
               Fortune
               ,
               at
               the
               destruction
               of
               the
               Palace
               of
               
                 Titus
                 Vespasian
              
               the
               Emperour
               ,
               as
               also
               of
               the
               River
               Tevere
               ,
               or
               Tyber
               with
               the
               Wol●…e
               giving
               suck
               to
               Romulus
               and
               Remus
               carved
               out
               of
               one
               tire
               Stone
               ,
               and
               likewise
               the
               great
               Nilus
               leaning
               on
               a
               Sphinx
               ,
               on
               the
               heigth
               whereof
               stand
               sixteen
               Children
               ,
               denoting
               the
               sixteen
               Cubits
               of
               the
               increase
               of
               that
               River
               ,
               observed
               by
               the
               AEgyptians
               ,
               and
               every
               one
               of
               those
               Children
               is
               in
               such
               manner
               figured
               ,
               that
               it
               excellently
               describes
               the
               effect
               ,
               which
               at
               that
               rise
               and
               increase
               it
               wrought
               on
               the
               Land
               of
               AEgypt
               sa
               ,
               for
               example
               ,
               the
               sixteenth
               Child
               is
               placed
               upon
               a
               shoulder
               of
               the
               River
               ,
               with
               a
               basket
               of
               flowers
               and
               fruits
               upon
               its
               head
               ,
               and
               this
               Child
               signifies
               that
               the
               increase
               of
               the
               River
               ,
               to
               the
               sixteenth
               Cubit
               ,
               enriches
               the
               ,
               Earth
               to
               the
               production
               of
               great
               plenty
               of
               Fruit
               and
               brings
               gladness
               to
               it
               .
               The
               15th
               ,
               signifies
               that
               all
               is
               secure
               and
               well
               ,
               and
               the
               14th
               .
               brings
               joyfulness
               ,
               but
               all
               the
               other
               increases
               under
               14.
               are
               unhappy
               and
               miserable
               as
               Pliny
               observes
               in
               the
               ninth
               Chapter
               of
               his
               fifth
               Book
               of
               Natural
               Histories
               ;
               and
               moreover
               some
               Creatures
               which
               are
               only
               proper
               to
               that
               Countrey
               with
               its
               plants
               ,
               called
               Calamo
               a
               Cane
               ,
               
                 Colo
                 Cassia
                 AEgyptian
              
               Bean
               ,
               and
               Papiro
               called
               Papir
               Reed
               ,
               whereof
               they
               were
               wont
               to
               make
               great
               leaves
               to
               write
               on
               ,
               &
               thereof
               was
               the
               first
               paper
               made
               ,
               &
               thence
               as
               is
               supposed
               was
               that
               name
               borrowed
               which
               are
               no
               where
               to
               be
               found
               out
               of
               AEgypt
               ,
               no
               more
               than
               the
               Monsters
               to
               wit
               ,
               Hippotami
               or
               the
               Sea
               Horse
               ,
               whose
               Feet
               are
               like
               an
               Ox
               ,
               back
               and
               mayn
               like
               a
               Horse
               ,
               tusks
               like
               a
               Boar
               ,
               with
               a
               long
               winding
               tayl
               .
               Ichneumoni
               ,
               
               the
               Indian
               or
               AEgyptian
               Ratt
               ,
               whose
               property
               is
               to
               creep
               into
               the
               Crocodiles
               Mouth
               when
               he
               gapeth
               ,
               to
               eat
               his
               Bowels
               and
               so
               kill
               him
               :
               Trochili
               ,
               a
               Sea-foul
               friend
               to
               the
               Crocodil
               ,
               somewhat
               like
               to
               a
               wagtail
               ,
               or
               Sea
               Wood
               ▪
               cock
               :
               Ibidi
               the
               black
               stork
               ,
               a
               Bird
               in
               AEgypt
               ,
               which
               hath
               stiff
               Leggs
               ,
               and
               a
               long
               Bill
               ,
               wherewith
               when
               its
               sick
               ,
               it
               administreth
               it self
               a
               Glister
               of
               Sea
               Water
               ,
               Sciachi
               ,
               Land
               Crocodiles
               :
               Crocodrili
               ,
               Sea
               Crocodiles
               ,
               which
               can
               only
               move
               the
               upper
               Jaw
               or
               Chaps
               .
               And
               also
               the
               pourtraits
               of
               the
               Terrositi
               ,
               a
               generation
               of
               Pigmies
               or
               dwarfs
               incessant
               Men
               ,
               perpetual
               Enemies
               of
               the
               Crocodiles
               ,
               whereof
               Pliny
               in
               the
               25th
               .
               Chapter
               of
               his
               eighth
               Book
               of
               Natural
               Histories
               treats
               at
               large
               .
               together
               with
               many
               other
               singular
               Statues
               in
               the
               said
               gardens
               of
               Belvedere
               ,
               which
               when
               seen
               ,
               thorowly
               examined
               ,
               and
               understood
               by
               intelligent
               Persons
               ,
               yeeld
               them
               great
               delight
               and
               satisfaction
               .
            
             
               In
               the
               B●…th
               of
               Pope
               Pius
               the
               4th
               .
               is
               a
               work
               of
               great
               esteem
               ,
               being
               an
               Ocean
               cut
               out
               of
               the
               fairest
               Marble
               .
               The
               Antients
               thought
               the
               Ocean
               to
               be
               Prince
               of
               the
               Waters
               ,
               and
               Father
               of
               all
               things
               ,
               a
               Friend
               to
               Prometheus
               ;
               And
               that
               by
               means
               of
               the
               humidity
               and
               liquidness
               of
               the
               Waters
               ,
               all
               things
               seem
               to
               generate
               from
               Seeds
               with
               the
               assistance
               of
               the
               Heavens
               :
               therefore
               they
               believed
               that
               every
               thing
               received
               Life
               from
               Water
               ,
               with
               the
               favourable
               friendship
               of
               the
               temperat
               Genius
               of
               the
               Caelestial
               Bodies
               .
               This
               figure
               hath
               the
               Body
               covered
               with
               a
               thin
               vail
               ,
               whereby
               they
               would
               signifie
               ,
               that
               the
               Sea
               shrouds
               the
               Heavens
               with
               Clouds
               of
               its
               own
               vapours
               ,
               meaning
               by
               the
               Sea
               ,
               the
               whole
               generation
               of
               waters
               ,
               and
               they
               denote
               the
               Earths
               being
               covered
               with
               plants
               by
               the
               Hairs
               beard
               and
               ordinary
               skinns
               beingall
               figured
               by
               the
               leaves
               of
               divers
               tender
               Plants
               .
               It
               hath
               two
               horns
               placed
               upon
               the
               Forehead
               .
               First
               because
               the
               Sea
               provoked
               by
               the
               winds
               roars
               like
               a
               Bull
               ;
               and
               secondly
               because
               the
               Sea
               is
               governed
               by
               the
               Moons
               motion
               ,
               which
               they
               called
               Cornuta
               ,
               thirdly
               ,
               because
               the
               Sea
               is
               called
               Father
               of
               Fountains
               and
               Rivers
               ,
               which
               they
               figured
               Cornuti
               or
               horned
               .
               In
               its
               right
               hand
               is
               put
               the
               Rudder
               of
               a
               Ship
               ,
               in
               token
               that
               the
               Waters
               (
               by
               means
               of
               the
               Ships
               being
               guided
               by
               these
               Rudders
               )
               are
               furrowed
               as
               best
               likes
               the
               Pilot
               ,
               of
               which
               Comodity
               they
               feigned
               Prometheus
               to
               be
               the
               Inventor
               ,
               they
               have
               placed
               it
               upon
               a
               
                 Maritine
                 Monster
              
               ,
               to
               demonstrate
               that
               the
               Sea
               is
               generator
               of
               many
               wonderfull
               Monsters
               :
               One
               of
               which
               to
               the
               purpose
               is
               seen
               in
               Rome
               in
               the
               Antique
               marble
               sphere
               of
               Atlas
               placed
               among
               the
               celestial
               signes
               ,
               upon
               this
               very
               occasion
               :
               T
               is
               said
               that
               Andromada
               contending
               for
               beauty
               with
               the
               Nymphs
               of
               the
               Sea
               ,
               being
               overcome
               ,
               was
               by
               them
               given
               to
               this
               Monster
               ,
               which
               devoured
               her
               ,
               out
               of
               whose
               body
               (
               slain
               on
               the
               shore
               of
               Perseus
               who
               would
               have
               saved
               that
               Virgin
               )
               there
               issued
               so
               much
               blood
               ,
               that
               it
               dyed
               the
               Sea
               red
               ,
               whence
               that
               Sea
               was
               afterwards
               called
               Citreo
               or
               the
               Red
               Sea
               ,
               for
               all
               which
               the
               Citreo
               is
               not
               that
               gulfe
               ,
               which
               is
               vulgarly
               called
               the
               red
               Sea
               ,
               but
               is
               that
               part
               of
               the
               Ocean
               affianced
               to
               the
               Gulph
               ,
               which
               washes
               Arabia
               on
               the
               South
               ,
               but
               now
               to
               our
               relation
               of
               Rome
               .
            
             
               The
               first
               and
               cheif
               part
               whereof
               to
               be
               visited
               through
               devotion
               ,
               are
               the
               7.
               principal
               Churches
               ,
               and
               then
               the
               others
               in
               their
               order
               :
               wherein
               are
               preserved
               infinite
               reliques
               of
               Saints
               ,
               and
               some
               remarkable
               Ones
               of
               the
               holy
               Jesus
               our
               Lord
               and
               Saviour
               as
               the
               the
               Towel
               
               of
               
                 Santa
                 Veronica
              
               with
               the
               effigies
               of
               Christ
               ,
               the
               Speer
               of
               Longinus
               wherewith
               he
               was
               run
               into
               the
               Breast
               .
               One
               of
               those
               Nayls
               ,
               wherewith
               our
               Lord
               was
               nayled
               to
               the
               Cross.
               One
               of
               those
               thirty
               pence
               ,
               which
               as
               the
               price
               of
               Treason
               were
               given
               to
               Iudas
               the
               Traitor
               by
               the
               wicked
               Jews
               ,
               all
               which
               you
               are
               obliged
               particularly
               to
               search
               out
               as
               exceeding
               singularities
               not
               elsewhere
               to
               be
               found
               .
            
          
           
             
               Of
               ROME
               the
               Old
               ,
               and
               ROME
               the
               New
               ,
               and
               of
               its
               admirable
               Excellencies
               .
            
             
               ROME
               formerly
               the
               Empress
               of
               the
               World
               cannot
               be
               enough
               praised
               :
               Her
               power
               was
               so
               great
               ,
               her
               Riches
               so
               immense
               ,
               her
               subjects
               so
               innumerable
               ,
               her
               Territories
               and
               Dominions
               so
               vast
               :
               That
               well
               might
               Saint
               Hierome
               (
               in
               his
               three
               wishes
               for
               intermixing
               that
               concerning
               her
               with
               so
               divine
               things
               )
               be
               pardonable
               ,
               which
               three
               wishes
               were
               ,
               To
               have
               seen
               our
               Saviour
               in
               the
               flesh
               ,
               to
               have
               heard
               Saint
               Paul
               preach
               ,
               and
               to
               have
               seen
               Rome
               in
               her
               Glory
               :
               which
               had
               so
               spread
               her self
               over
               the
               whole
               Earth
               that
               a
               perfect
               Idea
               of
               her
               cannot
               be
               comprehended
               ,
               and
               must
               needs
               have
               been
               the
               happiest
               sight
               that
               mortal
               eye
               could
               attain
               to
               .
               But
               when
               considered
               what
               she
               was
               ,
               and
               how
               since
               devoured
               by
               fire
               by
               the
               insatiable
               Nero
               ,
               and
               how
               pillaged
               sacked
               and
               thousands
               of
               mischiefs
               done
               her
               by
               the
               Barbarous
               ,
               at
               the
               decay
               of
               the
               Roman
               Empire
               ;
               One
               may
               well
               wonder
               how
               the
               new
               Rome
               ,
               should
               be
               even
               emulous
               to
               exceed
               the
               Old
               :
               Being
               at
               this
               day
               the
               Queen
               of
               Cities
               ,
               the
               Flower
               of
               Italy
               ,
               and
               as
               one
               may
               say
               an
               Epitome
               of
               the
               whole
               Earth
               .
               She
               is
               the
               Lodging
               for
               all
               Nations
               .
               The
               theatre
               of
               the
               best
               Ingenuities
               of
               the
               World
               ,
               the
               Habitation
               of
               vertue
               ,
               of
               Empire
               ,
               of
               dignity
               ,
               of
               Fortune
               ,
               The
               Native
               Countrey
               of
               the
               Laws
               ,
               and
               of
               all
               People
               derivatively
               ,
               the
               Fountain
               of
               Instruction
               ,
               the
               Head
               of
               Religion
               ,
               the
               Rule
               of
               Justice
               ,
               and
               finally
               the
               Original
               of
               infinite
               blessings
               ,
               although
               the
               Hereticks
               ,
               Enemies
               of
               the
               truth
               ,
               will
               not
               confess
               it
               ,
               as
               this
               Author
               is
               pleased
               to
               term
               those
               of
               the
               Reformed
               Religion
               .
            
             
               A
               Better
               nor
               more
               concise
               description
               of
               the
               glory
               and
               destruction
               of
               Rome
               the
               Old
               cannot
               be
               given
               than
               is
               in
               these
               two
               Verses
               out
               of
               an
               elegant
               Poet
               an
               English
               Man.
               
               
               
                 
                   Roma
                   fuit
                   quondam
                   Terrae
                   ,
                   Regina
                   Marisque
                   ,
                
                 
                   At
                   nunc
                   nec
                   Terras
                   ,
                   nec
                   Mare
                   Roma
                   regit
                   .
                
              
            
             
               The
               same
               Poet
               likewise
               with
               noe
               less
               elegancy
               describes
               the
               Grandeur
               and
               Eminency
               of
               Rome
               the
               New
               ,
               under
               the
               Popes
               in
               these
               two
               ensuing
               Verses
               .
               
                 
                   Roma
                   fuit
                   quondam
                   Terrae
                   Regina
                   Marisque
                   ,
                
                 
                   Nunc
                   mare
                   nunc
                   Terras
                   ,
                   amplius
                   illa
                   regit
                   .
                
              
            
             
             
               Rome
               is
               scituate
               in
               a
               Countrey
               sterile
               enough
               ,
               and
               is
               subject
               to
               the
               Sea
               ,
               the
               Winds
               ,
               and
               an
               obscure
               thick
               Ayr.
               
            
             
               The
               Circumference
               of
               Rome
               ,
               when
               in
               her
               greatest
               splendour
               was
               fifty
               miles
               ,
               but
               now
               (
               though
               not
               much
               inferiour
               comparing
               her
               Ecclesiasticks
               and
               her
               immediate
               possessions
               with
               her
               former
               Empire
               )
               she
               exceeds
               not
               thirteen
               miles
               in
               circuit
               :
               In
               those
               days
               she
               had
               twenty
               eight
               spatious
               principal
               Streets
               ,
               which
               yet
               may
               be
               traced
               out
               and
               their
               names
               with
               great
               certainty
               set
               down
               ,
               to
               wit.
               
            
             
               
                 La
                 Via
              
               
                 Appia
                 .
              
               
                 Tiberina
                 .
              
               
                 Proenestina
                 .
              
               
                 Quintia
                 .
              
               
                 Flaminia
                 .
              
               
                 Tiburtina
                 .
              
               
                 Cornelia
                 .
              
               
                 Collatina
                 .
              
               
                 Solaria
                 .
              
               
                 Aurelia
                 .
              
               
                 Latina
                 .
              
               
                 Nomentana
                 .
              
               
                 Cimina
                 .
              
               
                 Valeria
                 .
              
               
                 Pormense
                 .
              
               
                 Laurentia
                 .
              
               
                 Claudia
                 .
              
               
                 Gallicana
                 .
              
               
                 Emilia
                 .
              
               
                 Labicana
                 .
              
               
                 Campana
                 .
              
               
                 Setina
                 .
              
               
                 Ostiense
                 .
              
               
                 Pretoriana
                 .
              
               
                 Ardeatina
                 .
              
               
                 Cassia
                 .
              
               
                 Ianiculense
                 .
              
               
                 Trionfale
                 .
              
            
             
               With
               these
               were
               others
               of
               name
               ,
               that
               is
               to
               say
               
                 L'alta
                 Sommita
              
               ,
               upon
               the
               
                 Monte
                 Cavallo
              
               ,
               now
               called
               Quirinale
               ,
               near
               the
               
                 Campo
                 Martio
                 ,
                 Via
                 Lata
                 ,
                 La
                 Suburra
              
               near
               
                 San
                 Pietro
              
               in
               
                 Vincula
                 .
                 La
                 Nova
              
               by
               the
               Bathes
               of
               
                 Antonius
                 ,
                 La
                 Trionfale
              
               near
               the
               
                 Porta
                 Vaticana
                 ,
                 La
                 Vitellia
              
               contiguous
               with
               
                 San
                 Pietro
              
               in
               Montorio
               .
               that
               is
               at
               the
               
                 Gianiculo
                 ,
                 La
                 Deta
              
               in
               the
               
                 Campo
                 Martio
                 ,
                 La
                 Fornicata
              
               near
               to
               the
               Flaminia
               .
            
          
           
             
               The
               Antient
               and
               Famous
               Gates
               of
               ROME
               are
               15.
               
            
             
               
                 LA
                 Flaminia
              
               ,
               called
               now
               
                 Porta
                 del
                 Popolo
              
               ,
               the
               Gate
               of
               the
               People
               ,
               
                 La
                 Gabiosa
              
               ,
               now
               
                 di
                 san
                 Methodio
                 .
                 La
                 Collatina
                 ,
              
               now
               
                 Princiana
                 ,
                 La
                 Ferentina
              
               ,
               now
               
                 Latina
                 ;
                 La
                 Quirinale
              
               ,
               now
               called
               
                 Agonia
                 ,
                 La
                 Capena
              
               ,
               now
               
                 di
                 san
                 Paolo
              
               ,
               or
               
                 Ostiense
                 ,
                 La
                 Tiburtin●…
              
               ,
               now
               shut
               up
               .
               
                 La
                 Portuense
              
               ,
               now
               
                 Porta
                 Ripa
                 L'Esquilina
              
               now
               
                 di
                 san
                 Lorenza
                 ,
                 L'Aurelia
              
               ,
               now
               
                 di
                 san
                 Paneratio
                 .
                 La
                 Nevia
                 ,
              
               now
               
                 Porta
                 Maggiore
                 ,
                 La
                 Fontinale
              
               ,
               now
               
                 Settimiana
                 ,
                 La
                 Celimontana
              
               ,
               now
               
                 di
                 Sti
                 Giovanni
                 ,
                 La
                 Vaticana
                 ,
              
               which
               lyes
               on
               the
               shore
               of
               the
               River
               
                 Tevere
                 .
                 Tyber
              
               .
            
             
               Moreover
               the
               Burroughs
               have
               these
               ensuing
               Gates
               ,
               which
               were
               latelier
               made
               than
               those
               above
               named
               ;
               to
               wit
               ,
               
                 Porte
                 di
                 Castello
                 ,
                 de
                 Cavalli
                 Leggieri
                 ,
                 l'Angelica
                 ,
                 la
                 Pertusa
                 ,
                 &
                 di
                 san
                 Spirito
                 ,
              
               now
               the
               Triumfale
               ,
               by
               which
               the
               Countrey
               Men
               were
               not
               permitted
               to
               enter
               .
            
             
               The
               Hills
               comprehended
               within
               the
               Walls
               of
               Rome
               are
               ten
               viz.
               
            
             
               
                 Il
                 Capitolino
              
               ,
               or
               Tarpeio
               ,
               upon
               which
               were
               standing
               in
               the
               time
               of
               Tarquin
               more
               than
               Sixty
               Temples
               ,
               between
               great
               and
               small
               with
               most
               high
               Towers
               ,
               t
               was
               compassed
               with
               a
               Wall
               ,
               and
               then
               called
               the
               dwelling
               of
               the
               Gods.
               
            
             
             
               
                 Il
                 Palatino
              
               ,
               or
               
                 Pallazzo
                 Maggiore
              
               ,
               all
               hollowed
               undernea●…h
               ;
               This
               at
               present
               is
               filled
               with
               gardens
               and
               the
               ruines
               of
               old
               structures
               ,
               where
               stood
               formerly
               many
               noble
               Fabricks
               ,
               as
               the
               Pallace
               of
               the
               Emperors
               ,
               the
               great
               house
               of
               Augustus
               ,
               of
               Cicero
               ,
               of
               Hortensi●…
               ,
               and
               of
               Cataline
               ,
               but
               now
               in
               lieu
               thereof
               is
               the
               stately
               and
               spatious
               Garden
               of
               the
               Farnezes
               .
            
             
               L'Aventino
               now
               called
               
                 Santa
                 Sabina
              
               ,
               upon
               which
               was
               the
               first
               dwelling
               of
               the
               Christian
               Popes
               .
            
             
               
                 Il
                 Celio
              
               ,
               which
               rise
               where
               now
               stands
               the
               Church
               Laterinense
               ,
               and
               
                 Santa
                 Croce
              
               ,
               of
               Ierusalem
               ,
               in
               the
               place
               of
               many
               signal
               Temples
               of
               the
               Gentiles
               ,
               and
               fair
               Aqueducts
               .
            
             
               L'Esquelino
               ,
               where
               stands
               now
               Saint
               
                 Pietro
                 in
                 Vincola
              
               :
               in
               the
               stead
               of
               the
               houses
               of
               Virgil
               ,
               of
               Propertius
               ,
               and
               the
               gardens
               of
               of
               Mecenas
               .
            
             
               
                 Il
                 Viminale
              
               ,
               where
               stands
               now
               in
               lieu
               of
               the
               old
               House
               of
               Crassus
               ,
               The
               Churches
               of
               
                 Santa
                 Prudentia
              
               ,
               and
               of
               
                 San
                 Lorenzo
              
               in
               Palesperna
               .
            
             
               
                 Il
                 Quirinale
              
               ,
               now
               called
               
                 Monte
                 Cavallo
              
               ,
               where
               antiently
               flourished
               the
               Palace
               and
               Gardens
               of
               Salustius
               and
               the
               Houses
               of
               Catullus
               and
               Aquilius
               .
            
             
               Which
               said
               seven
               Hills
               were
               those
               antient
               Hills
               in
               Rome
               ,
               whence
               she
               was
               denominated
               Settigemina
               .
               Afterwards
               upon
               divers
               occasions
               these
               following
               were
               added
               .
            
             
               
                 Il
                 Colle
                 de
                 gli
                 hortuli
              
               ,
               or
               Pincio
               ,
               called
               vulgarly
               
                 di
                 Santa
                 Trinità
              
               upon
               which
               formerly
               stood
               a
               Temple
               of
               the
               Sun
               :
               where
               now
               is
               that
               round
               Fabrick
               ,
               and
               deep
               well
               .
            
             
               
                 Il
                 Vaticano
              
               ,
               where
               now
               stands
               the
               Church
               of
               Saint
               Pietro
               and
               the
               Pallace
               of
               the
               Pope
               .
            
             
               
                 Il
                 Gianicolo
              
               ,
               called
               Montorio
               ,
               where
               the
               Churches
               of
               
                 San
                 Onofrio
              
               ,
               and
               Saint
               
                 Pietro
                 di
                 Montorio
              
               now
               stand
               .
            
             
               
                 Il
                 Testaceo
              
               ,
               which
               is
               no
               other
               than
               great
               heaps
               of
               broken
               pieces
               of
               potters
               Vessels
               ,
               the
               Street
               and
               residence
               of
               those
               Handicrafts
               Men
               being
               there
               ,
               they
               cast
               those
               broken
               pieces
               which
               were
               of
               no
               use
               ,
               into
               that
               place
               which
               raised
               this
               Hill
               ,
               which
               Hill
               or
               heap
               rather
               of
               broken
               Vessels
               is
               near
               the
               
                 Porta
                 Ostiense
              
               ,
               and
               near
               it
               the
               famous
               Sepulcher
               of
               Cicero
               .
            
          
           
             
               CHURCHES
               .
            
             
               IN
               ROME
               are
               above
               300.
               
               Churches
               all
               much
               frequented
               ,
               but
               of
               them
               ,
               seaven
               are
               more
               particularly
               visited
               through
               devotion
               :
               To
               wit
               ,
               
                 San
                 Pietro
                 nel
                 Vaticano
                 ,
                 San
                 Paolo
              
               in
               the
               
                 Via
                 Ostiense
                 ,
                 S.
                 Maria
                 maggiore
              
               in
               the
               
                 Via
                 Esquilina
                 ,
                 San
                 Sebastiano
              
               without
               the
               Gate
               Capena
               or
               
                 S.
                 Sebastiano
                 ,
                 San
                 Giovanni
                 Lateranense
              
               in
               
                 Monte
                 Celio
                 ,
                 Santa
                 Croce
              
               ,
               in
               Hierusalem
               ,
               in
               
                 Monte
                 Celio
                 ,
                 San
                 Lorenzo
              
               without
               the
               
                 Porta
                 Esquilina
              
               ,
               called
               
                 San
                 Lorenzo
              
               vulgarly
               .
            
             
               These
               five
               following
               Churches
               are
               beautifyed
               with
               noble
               Brass
               Gates
               
                 San
                 Pietro
                 nel
                 Vaticano
                 ,
                 Santa
                 Maria
                 Rotonda
                 ,
                 Santo
                 Adriano
              
               antiently
               the
               Temple
               of
               
                 Saturn
                 ,
                 Sauti
                 Cosma
              
               ,
               and
               Damiane
               (
               formerly
               the
               Temple
               of
               Castor
               and
               Pollux
               ,
               and
               
                 San
                 Paolo
              
               in
               the
               
                 Via
                 Ostiense
              
               .
            
             
               In
               Rome
               are
               five
               principle
               Church
               yards
               or
               Burying
               places
               the
               first
               of
               which
               lies
               near
               Saint
               Agnese
               ,
               the
               second
               near
               Saint
               Pancratio
               ,
               the
               third
               by
               Saint
               Sebastiano
               ,
               the
               fourth
               by
               
                 San
                 Lorenzo
              
               ,
               the
               fifth
               by
               
               
                 San
                 Priscella
              
               ,
               besides
               which
               and
               many
               other
               smaller
               burying
               places
               of
               such
               primitive
               Christians
               as
               were
               marty
               red
               or
               dyed
               (
               to
               this
               day
               held
               in
               great
               Veneration
               )
               there
               are
               above
               twenty
               even
               now
               without
               the
               City
               .
            
             
               In
               it
               are
               many
               Hospitals
               so
               well
               provided
               that
               possibly
               they
               may
               be
               reckoned
               the
               most
               worthy
               object
               of
               the
               modern
               Excellencies
               in
               Rome
               ,
               whereof
               some
               are
               Common
               for
               all
               Nations
               and
               all
               persons
               as
               
                 L'Hospitale
                 di
                 San
                 Spirito
              
               in
               the
               
                 Vati●…n
                 :
                 San
                 Gioanni
                 ,
                 Laterano
                 ,
              
               in
               
                 Monte
                 Celio
                 ,
                 San
                 Gi●…como
                 di
                 Augusta
                 ,
              
               in
               
                 Valle
                 Martia
                 ,
                 Santa
                 Maria
                 dell●…
                 ,
                 Consolatione
                 in
                 Velabro
                 ,
              
               and
               
                 Santo
                 Antonio
                 ,
                 in
                 Fsqui●…ino
              
               ,
               into
               any
               of
               which
               the
               infirm
               of
               all
               Countreys
               with
               great
               love
               and
               diligence
               are
               received
               governed
               and
               taken
               care
               of
               for
               their
               perfect
               ease
               and
               cure
               of
               their
               diseases
               .
            
             
               The
               Hospitals
               deputed
               to
               particular
               Nations
               are
               these
               .
               The
               Hospital
               of
               
                 Santa
                 Maria
                 dell'Annima
              
               ,
               for
               the
               Germans
               and
               
                 Flemings
                 ,
                 San
                 Lodovico
              
               for
               the
               
                 French
                 :
                 San
                 Giacomo
              
               for
               the
               
                 Spaniards
                 :
                 San
                 Tomaso
              
               for
               the
               
                 English
                 :
                 San
                 Pietro
              
               for
               the
               
                 Hungarians
                 ,
                 Santa
                 Brigida
              
               for
               the
               
                 Swedes
                 San
                 Giovanni
              
               ,
               and
               
                 San
                 Andrea
              
               ,
               for
               the
               
                 Dutch
                 ,
                 San
                 Giovanni
                 Battista
              
               for
               the
               
                 Florentines
                 ,
                 San
                 Giovanni
                 Battista
              
               near
               the
               Banks
               of
               the
               Tyber
               ,
               for
               the
               Gen●…veses
               ,
               instituted
               ●…nd
               endowed
               by
               
                 Media
                 dusto
                 Cicala
              
               ,
               besides
               many
               houses
               both
               for
               poor
               and
               Orfanes
               ,
               of
               which
               no
               particular
               Catalogue
               is
               set
               down
               ,
               least
               filling
               the
               volume
               with
               the
               less
               conside
               rable
               ,
               we
               leave
               not
               space
               for
               the
               more
               observable
               things
               in
               Rome
               .
            
             
               In
               the
               Popes
               Palace
               called
               the
               Vatican
               are
               the
               Libraries
               :
               The
               one
               contains
               selected
               choice
               books
               alwaies
               shut
               up
               .
               The
               other
               two
               filled
               with
               Latin
               and
               Greek
               Books
               ,
               written
               by
               the
               Pen
               in
               parchment
               ,
               are
               as
               much
               open
               :
               and
               free
               to
               any
               students
               for
               two
               hours
               in
               the
               day
               ,
               which
               were
               furnished
               by
               Pope
               Nicholas
               the
               5th
               .
               And
               now
               there
               is
               a
               new
               one
               collected
               by
               Pope
               Sistus
               the
               5th
               .
               The
               Inscriptions
               ,
               Pictures
               and
               Verses
               of
               which
               were
               made
               publique
               by
               the
               judicious
               Pen
               of
               
                 Angelo
                 Rocca
              
               ,
               Bishop
               of
               Tagasta
               .
            
             
               Some
               other
               Libraries
               in
               Rome
               are
               worthy
               notice
               ,
               to
               wit
               ,
               that
               of
               
                 Santa
                 Maria
                 del
                 Popolo
              
               .
               Of
               
                 Santa
                 Maria
                 soprala
                 Minerva
              
               .
               Of
               
                 Santo
                 :
                 Agostino
              
               ,
               of
               Vallicola
               ,
               of
               Saint
               Andrea
               ,
               and
               of
               the
               Jesuists
               Colledge
               :
               besides
               three
               others
               which
               at
               the
               siege
               and
               sacking
               of
               Rome
               :
               were
               robbed
               or
               burnt
               .
            
             
               The
               Popes
               Gardens
               ,
               where
               Persons
               of
               Quality
               have
               free
               ingress
               together
               with
               the
               houses
               and
               Gardens
               of
               the
               Cardinals
               and
               other
               noble
               Persons
               of
               Rome
               yeeld
               ample
               solace
               aud
               recreation
               to
               the
               Lovers
               of
               Antiquity
               by
               their
               great
               varieties
               in
               those
               particulars
               .
            
             
               These
               Pallaces
               omitting
               many
               others
               deserve
               a
               serious
               and
               timely
               visit
               ,
               to
               wit
               ,
               that
               of
               the
               Family
               of
               the
               
                 Conservadori
                 nel
                 Campi
                 doglio
              
               ,
               of
               the
               Massini
               ,
               of
               the
               Busali
               ,
               of
               the
               Rucellai
               ;
               of
               the
               Furnesi
               ,
               of
               the
               Colonne
               the
               
                 Mattei
                 ,
                 Cevoli
              
               ,
               and
               Borghesi
               ,
               together
               with
               the
               Pallace
               Latterenense
               royally
               repaired
               by
               Pope
               Sistus
               the
               5th
               .
            
             
               The
               City
               Rome
               was
               antiently
               divided
               into
               nineteen
               Praecincts
               or
               Wards
               ,
               whereof
               at
               present
               remain
               but
               these
               14.
               
                 de
                 Monti
                 ,
                 della
                 Colanna
                 ;
                 del
                 Ponte
                 ;
                 del
                 Arenula
                 ,
                 della
                 Rogola
                 ,
                 della
                 Pigna
                 ,
                 del
                 Capitello
                 di
                 Transtevere
                 di
                 .....
                 del
                 Campo
                 Martio
                 ,
                 di
                 Sant
                 Eustachio
                 ,
                 di
                 Sant
                 Angelo
                 ,
                 della
                 Ripa
                 ,
                 del
                 Borgo
                 .
              
            
             
               The
               six
               stones
               Bridges
               built
               over
               the
               Tevere
               or
               Tyber
               ,
               are
               these
               
                 Ponte
                 Molle
              
               or
               Milvio
               ,
               two
               miles
               distant
               from
               the
               City
               ,
               without
               the
               
                 Porta
                 
                 del
                 〈◊〉
                 .
                 Ponte
                 Angelo
              
               or
               Elio
               antiently
               .
               
                 Ponte
                 Gianiculese
              
               built
               by
               Pope
               
                 Sistus
                 .
                 Ponte
              
               Saint
               Bartolemeo
               or
               
                 Costio
                 .
                 Ponte
                 Maria
                 Egittiaca
              
               ,
               or
               Palatino
               ,
               and
               
                 Ponte
                 dei
                 quatro
                 Capi
              
               formerly
               called
               Fabritio
               when
               also
               there
               was
               one
               more
               called
               Sublicio
               ,
               whose
               Pyles
               are
               yet
               to
               be
               seen
               near
               the
               Aventine
               hills
               :
               and
               another
               called
               Triumfale
               whose
               pyles
               appear
               at
               
                 San
                 Spirito
              
               .
            
             
               The
               Waters
               wherewith
               the
               City
               is
               supplyed
               are
               these
               :
               
                 L'acqua
                 virgine
              
               which
               runs
               through
               the
               
                 Campo
                 Martio
              
               ,
               the
               work
               of
               Pope
               Nicholas
               the
               5th
               .
               l'Alsietina
               restored
               by
               Innocent
               the
               8th
               .
               for
               the
               
                 Vatican
                 La
                 Salonia
              
               canducted
               at
               the
               cost
               of
               Pius
               the
               4th
               .
               besides
               which
               many
               others
               waters
               were
               conveyed
               by
               Gregory
               the
               13th
               .
               by
               others
               in
               antient
               times
               .
            
             
               The
               Piazzaes
               in
               Rome
               are
               many
               but
               those
               of
               most
               note
               at
               this
               day
               are
               
                 La
                 Piazza
                 Vaticana
                 ,
                 La
                 Navona
                 ,
                 La
                 Giudea
              
               and
               
                 La
                 Fiore
              
               .
            
             
               The
               new
               Porticues
               ,
               or
               open
               Galleries
               which
               are
               the
               chief
               ,
               are
               three
               ,
               viz
               :
               That
               
                 della
                 Benedittione
              
               :
               That
               in
               the
               Vatican
               Palace
               fronting
               the
               Piazza
               and
               the
               Cerridore
               towards
               Belvedere
               .
            
             
               The
               Piazza
               or
               market
               place
               for
               Fish
               ,
               stands
               now
               where
               in
               former
               time
               it
               was
               .
            
             
               That
               for
               the
               Hoggs
               ,
               Oxen
               ,
               Cows
               ,
               Sheep
               ,
               &c.
               where
               antiently
               was
               the
               
                 Foro
                 Romano
              
               .
            
             
               The
               Bakers
               have
               four
               Piazzaes
               ,
               and
               conjoyned
               with
               them
               are
               the
               Shambles
               :
               in
               the
               
                 Piazza
                 Nova●…a
              
               ,
               every
               Wednesday
               is
               held
               a
               great
               Market
               .
            
             
               The
               Hills
               are
               very
               little
               inhabited
               the
               ruines
               of
               old
               structure
               rendring
               the
               Ayr
               so
               unwholsome
               ,
               as
               to
               be
               only
               fit
               for
               Gardens
               or
               Vineyards
               ,
               not
               dwelling
               Houses
               .
            
             
               Pope
               Sistus
               the
               5th
               caused
               many
               fair
               streets
               to
               be
               drawn
               by
               a
               Line
               .
            
             
               The
               residing
               Palace
               of
               the
               Pope
               stands
               contiguous
               with
               the
               Church
               of
               Saint
               Pietro
               ,
               wherein
               are
               contained
               many
               stupendious
               things
               ,
               as
               the
               Chapel
               of
               Pope
               Sistus
               ,
               the
               Paulina
               ,
               replenisht
               with
               the
               excellent
               pictures
               of
               
                 Michael
                 Angelo
                 ,
                 Bonarota
              
               a
               Florentine
               ,
               so
               compleat
               perfect
               and
               exact
               ,
               that
               t
               were
               the
               glory
               of
               this
               age
               to
               find
               a
               modern
               Painter
               could
               approach
               then
               in
               art
               or
               Similitude
               .
               Besides
               which
               his
               Holiness
               hath
               Retreats
               for
               the
               Summer
               as
               one
               near
               ,
               
                 San
                 Marco
              
               ,
               another
               near
               
                 Santa
                 Maria
                 Maggiore
              
               ,
               a
               third
               near
               the
               
                 Fontana
                 de
                 Trevi
              
               ,
               but
               the
               most
               favoured
               and
               therefore
               most
               ordinary
               retirement
               is
               
                 Monte
                 Cavallo
              
               ,
               heretofore
               called
               Quirinale
               .
            
             
               The
               Palaces
               of
               the
               Cardinals
               are
               disperst
               up
               and
               down
               the
               City
               as
               aforesaid
               .
               The
               houses
               of
               the
               Citizens
               are
               not
               despicable
               ,
               either
               in
               Structure
               ,
               Antiquities
               ,
               Pictures
               and
               other
               noble
               Houshouldstuff
               ,
               or
               Fountains
               .
               The
               Castle
               Saint
               Angelo
               ,
               or
               
                 Mole
                 d'Adriano
              
               ,
               is
               a
               fair
               &
               strong
               Cittadel
               ,
               alwaies
               furnished
               with
               all
               warlike
               provisions
               ,
               Herein
               they
               solem●…ize
               great
               Feasts
               and
               Holy
               dayes
               three
               times
               in
               the
               yeer
               :
               with
               the
               discharging
               of
               all
               the
               great
               Guns
               ,
               and
               Fireworks
               :
               To
               wit
               on
               the
               Festival
               day
               of
               
                 San
                 Pietro
                 &
                 Paolo
              
               ,
               the
               second
               is
               celebrated
               annually
               on
               the
               day
               whereon
               the
               immediate
               Pope
               is
               selected
               to
               the
               Pontifical
               Chair
               ,
               the
               third
               on
               the
               day
               the
               said
               immediat
               Pope
               is
               crowned
               :
               The
               Guard
               of
               which
               Castle
               is
               committed
               to
               some
               Person
               of
               Quality
               :
               who
               is
               understood
               to
               have
               compleated
               his
               Charge
               and
               Government
               at
               7
               yeers
               end
               :
               and
               is
               then
               comonly
               rewarded
               with
               a
               Cardinals
               ●…ap
               ,
               or
               some
               thousands
               of
               Crowns
               .
            
             
             
               The
               Aqueducts
               of
               the
               old
               Romans
               with
               their
               conserves
               for
               waters
               were
               many
               :
               but
               that
               of
               
                 Acqua
                 Claûdia
              
               ,
               was
               composed
               with
               so
               much
               Art
               ,
               and
               at
               so
               vast
               expence
               ,
               that
               but
               only
               to
               repair
               and
               restore
               it
               to
               its
               antient
               form
               cost
               five
               hundred
               and
               sixty
               Talents
               besides
               which
               there
               was
               ,
               
                 l'acqua
                 Martia
                 ,
                 Aless
                 andrina
                 ,
                 Giulia
                 ,
                 Augusta
                 ,
                 Sabbatina
                 ,
                 Appia
                 ,
                 Traiana
                 ,
                 Tepula
                 ,
                 Alsietina
                 ,
                 di
                 Mercurio
                 ,
                 della
                 ,
                 Virgine
                 ,
                 del'Aniene
              
               the
               old
               ,
               and
               Antoniane
               the
               new
               ,
               and
               others
               :
               together
               with
               infinite
               Baths
               ,
               as
               
                 le
                 Anliane
                 ;
                 le
                 Variane
                 ,
                 le
                 Titiane
                 ,
                 le
                 Gordiane
                 ,
                 le
                 Novatiane
                 ,
                 le
                 Agrippine
                 ,
                 le
                 Alexandrine
                 ,
                 le
                 Manliane
                 ,
                 le
                 Dioclesiane
                 ,
                 le
                 Deciane
                 ,
              
               &
               those
               Bathes
               appropriate
               to
               
                 Trajan
                 ,
                 Philip
                 Adrian
                 ,
                 Nero
                 ,
                 Severus
                 ,
                 Constantine
                 ,
                 Farnus
                 ,
                 Domitian
              
               and
               Probus
               with
               many
               others
               .
            
             
               The
               Piazzaes
               also
               in
               those
               days
               were
               divers
               ,
               a
               
                 Sla
                 Romana
              
               ,
               that
               of
               the
               Pistory
               .
               of
               Caesar
               ,
               of
               Nerva
               ,
               of
               Trajan
               ,
               of
               Augustus
               ,
               of
               Salustus
               ,
               of
               Dioclesian
               ,
               of
               Enobarbus
               ,
               and
               the
               Esquilina
               ,
               wi●…h
               those
               particularly
               used
               for
               Herbs
               ,
               Beasts
               ,
               Fish
               ,
               Sheep
               ,
               Hoggs
               ,
               Bakers
               ,
               for
               the
               Countrey
               market
               people
               ,
               and
               the
               Transitoria
               .
            
             
               The
               Triumphal
               Arches
               which
               are
               most
               famous
               follow
               ,
               of
               Romulus
               ,
               of
               Claudius
               ,
               of
               
                 Titus
                 Vespasian
              
               ,
               of
               Constantine
               ,
               of
               
                 Lucius
                 ,
                 Settimius
                 Severus
              
               ,
               of
               Domitian
               ,
               of
               Trajan
               ,
               of
               Fabianus
               ,
               of
               Gordianus
               ,
               of
               Galienus
               ,
               of
               
                 Tiberius
                 ,
                 Theodosius
              
               and
               Camillus
               .
            
             
               The
               Amphitheatres
               named
               were
               these
               ,
               that
               of
               
                 Stafilius
                 Taurus
              
               ,
               of
               Claudius
               ,
               and
               that
               of
               
                 Titus
                 Vespasian
              
               ,
               which
               was
               capacious
               ,
               enough
               for
               one
               hundred
               and
               fifty
               thousand
               persons
               .
               The
               Theatres
               these
               ,
               that
               of
               
                 Scaurus
                 ,
                 Pompejus
                 ,
                 Marcellus
                 ,
                 Balbus
                 ,
              
               and
               Caligula
               .
            
             
               The
               Circi
               or
               Show
               places
               in
               Rome
               were
               
                 Il
                 Massimo
                 ,
                 l'Agonio
                 ,
                 Il
                 Flaminio
                 ,
              
               that
               of
               Nero
               ,
               and
               that
               of
               Alexandre
               .
            
             
               The
               memorable
               Porticues
               or
               open
               Galleries
               Denomminations
               ,
               ensue
               ,
               
                 Il
                 Pompeio
                 ,
                 Il
                 Corinthio
                 ,
                 della
                 Concordia
                 ,
                 della
                 Libertà
                 ,
                 di
                 Augusto
                 ,
                 di
                 Severo
                 ,
                 di
                 Panteo
                 ,
                 di
                 Metello
                 ,
                 di
                 Constantino
                 ,
                 di
                 Q
                 Catullo
                 ,
                 del
                 Foro
                 ,
                 di
                 Augusto
                 ,
                 di
                 Trajano
                 ,
                 di
                 Livia
                 ,
                 del
                 circo
                 Massino
                 ,
                 di
                 Nettuno
                 ,
                 di
                 Quirino
                 ,
                 di
                 Mercurio
                 ,
                 di
                 Venere
                 Cricina
                 ,
                 di
                 Ottavio
                 ,
                 Iulia
                 ,
              
               and
               that
               called
               
                 Tribunale
                 Aurelio
              
               .
            
             
               The
               famous
               Collumnes
               were
               ,
               
                 Lo
                 Rostrata
                 ,
                 la
                 Lattaria
                 ,
                 la
                 Bellica
                 ,
                 la
                 Menia
                 ,
              
               those
               of
               Trajan
               ,
               of
               Caesar
               ,
               of
               
                 Antonius
                 pius
              
               ,
               and
               those
               in
               the
               Porticue
               of
               Concordia
               .
            
             
               The
               Piramides
               these
               ,
               one
               in
               the
               
                 Circo
                 maximo
              
               ,
               one
               in
               the
               
                 Campo
                 Martio
              
               ,
               one
               in
               the
               Mauseolo
               or
               rich
               Tombe
               of
               Augustus
               ,
               one
               of
               the
               Sun
               of
               the
               Araceli
               ,
               of
               the
               Moon
               ,
               of
               the
               holy
               Trinity
               ,
               of
               the
               Vatican
               ,
               of
               Saint
               Petre
               ,
               and
               of
               
                 San
                 Mauro
              
               ,
               which
               flankes
               the
               Roman
               Colledge
               .
            
             
               In
               Rome
               were
               three
               Colossus
               ,
               one
               of
               Nero
               ,
               another
               of
               Apollo
               ,
               a
               third
               of
               Mars
               and
               two
               other
               Pyramides
               one
               of
               
                 C
                 Celtius
              
               ,
               another
               of
               Scipio
               .
            
             
               Also
               some
               places
               called
               Naumachie
               ,
               appointed
               for
               Naval
               Fights
               ,
               as
               large
               as
               the
               
                 Circus
                 Maximus
              
               ,
               and
               were
               called
               of
               
                 Domitian
                 ,
                 Nero
              
               ,
               and
               Caesar.
               The
               proud
               Fabricks
               named
               Settezonii
               were
               two
               ,
               the
               one
               of
               Severus
               ,
               which
               Pope
               Sextus
               the
               5th
               .
               caused
               to
               be
               overwhelmed
               ,
               the
               other
               of
               Titus
               .
            
             
               Some
               Horses
               were
               erected
               composed
               of
               several
               Materials
               ,
               as
               of
               
                 Marcus
                 Aurelius
              
               ,
               of
               Antoninus
               ,
               in
               the
               Campidoglio
               of
               Domitianus
               ,
               of
               
                 L.
                 Verus
                 ,
                 Trajanus
                 ,
                 Caesar.
                 Constantinus
                 ,
              
               of
               Fidia
               ,
               and
               of
               Prasitelle
               ,
               in
               the
               Quirinale
               ,
               or
               
                 Monte
                 Cavallo
              
               .
            
          
           
             
             
               The
               Names
               of
               such
               as
               have
               writ
               of
               the
               Famous
               things
               in
               ROME
               .
            
             
               THese
               following
               Authors
               have
               wrote
               of
               the
               City
               
                 ROME
                 .
                 P.
                 Vittore
              
               wrote
               of
               the
               Parts
               of
               the
               City
               ;
               
                 Aristides
                 sofista
              
               in
               Greek
               an
               Oration
               in
               praise
               of
               Rome
               ;
               but
               the
               more
               modern
               are
               
                 Giusto
                 Lipsio
                 ,
                 Lucio
                 Fauno
                 ,
                 Bartolameo
                 Marliano
                 ,
              
               lately
               set
               forth
               with
               Prints
               
                 Lodovico
                 Demonciosi
              
               ,
               in
               a
               Book
               intitled
               
                 Gallus
                 hospes
                 de
                 Urbe
              
               ,
               printed
               at
               
                 Rome
                 :
                 Poggio
              
               a
               
                 Florentine
                 ,
                 Fabriccio
                 Varriano
                 ,
                 Flavio
                 Biondo
                 ,
                 Rafael
                 Volaterrano
                 ,
                 Francesco
                 ,
                 Albertini
                 ,
                 Rucellai
                 ,
                 Sorlio
                 ,
                 Giacomo
                 Boissardo
                 ,
                 Mauro
                 Andrea
                 Fulvio
                 ,
                 Rosino
                 ,
                 Panuino
                 ,
                 Vuolfango
                 Lazio
                 .
              
            
             
               Of
               the
               modern
               state
               and
               greatness
               of
               Rome
               under
               the
               Pop●…s
               
                 Flavio
                 ,
                 Biondo
                 Thomaso
                 Bosio
                 Eugubino
                 ,
              
               and
               
                 Thomaso
                 Stapletono
              
               an
               English
               Man
               ,
               have
               at
               large
               discoursed
               .
            
             
               Of
               the
               seven
               Churches
               of
               
                 Rome
                 ,
                 Onofrio
                 Panuino
              
               ,
               (
               who
               wrote
               also
               of
               the
               burying
               places
               )
               
                 M.
                 Attilio
                 Serrano
              
               ,
               and
               
                 Pompeio
                 Augonio
              
               the
               Roman
               Library
               keeper
               in
               the
               vulgar
               Tongue
               ,
               and
               of
               the
               other
               Churches
               
                 Lorenzo
                 Schradero
                 Sassone
              
               in
               the
               second
               Book
               of
               his
               Memorials
               of
               Italy
               .
            
             
               Of
               the
               times
               and
               impresses
               of
               the
               Consuls
               and
               Emperors
               ,
               Cassiodor●…
               a
               Roman
               Senator
               ,
               
                 Marcellino
                 ,
                 Vettor
                 Tanunense
                 ,
                 Gioanni
                 Cuspiniano
                 ,
                 Carlo
                 Sigonio
                 Onofrio
                 Panuino
                 ,
                 Stefano
                 Pighio
                 ,
              
               whose
               History
               is
               beautified
               with
               figures
               ,
               and
               
                 Uberto
                 Golizio
              
               ,
               who
               did
               the
               same
               with
               the
               Meddals
               .
            
             
               Passing
               by
               the
               Antient
               Greek
               and
               Latine
               Authors
               .
               These
               ensuing
               have
               wrote
               the
               Histories
               of
               the
               Roman
               Emperours
               ,
               
                 viz.
                 Plutark
                 ,
                 Dion
                 ,
                 Herodian
                 ,
                 Iulianus
                 Caesar
                 ,
                 Ammianus
                 ,
                 Lampridius
                 ,
                 Spartianus
                 ,
                 Aurelius
                 ,
                 Victorius
                 ,
              
               with
               others
               who
               have
               been
               often
               reprinted
               .
               Also
               the
               Images
               of
               those
               Emperours
               were
               treated
               of
               and
               published
               by
               
                 Uberto
                 ,
                 Glotzio
                 ,
                 Hiperbolita
                 ,
                 Giacomo
                 ,
                 Strada
                 Mantoano
                 ,
                 Sebastiano
                 ,
                 Or●…zo
                 ,
              
               and
               others
               ,
               moreover
               the
               Images
               of
               the
               said
               Emperours
               and
               their
               wives
               were
               stamped
               in
               Copper
               by
               
                 Levino
                 Hulsio
                 Gandavese
              
               in
               Spire
               .
               Furthermore
               the
               Lives
               of
               the
               Emperours
               were
               set
               forth
               in
               Verse
               by
               
                 Ausonio
                 Borgidolense
                 ,
                 Gia
                 ,
                 Micillo
                 ,
              
               and
               
                 Orsino
                 Velio
              
               .
            
             
               Of
               the
               Columnes
               of
               
                 Rome
                 ,
                 Pietro
                 Giacone
                 Alfonso
                 Chianone
              
               and
               
                 Pietro
                 Gallesino
              
               ,
               the
               one
               of
               the
               Rostrata
               ,
               or
               Pulpit
               bedecked
               with
               beaks
               of
               Ships
               ,
               in
               the
               Campidoglio
               ,
               the
               second
               of
               that
               of
               Trajan
               ,
               the
               third
               of
               that
               of
               Antoninus
               .
            
             
               Of
               the
               Acqueducts
               and
               Waters
               entring
               
                 Rome
                 ,
                 Sesto
                 Iulio
                 Frontino
                 ,
                 Aldus
                 Manutius
                 ,
              
               and
               
                 Giovanni
                 Servilio
              
               of
               the
               
                 Acqua
                 Virgine
              
               wrote
               Duca
               the
               
                 Roman
                 Legist
              
               :
               Of
               the
               increase
               and
               Augmentation
               of
               the
               
                 Tyber
                 Lodovico
                 Gomesio
              
               and
               
                 Giacomo
                 Castiglione
              
               .
            
             
               Of
               the
               Magistrates
               of
               
                 Rome
                 ,
                 Pamponeo
                 Leto
                 ,
                 Andrea
                 Dominico
                 Flano
              
               whose
               works
               are
               erroneoufly
               attributed
               to
               
                 Fenestela
                 Carlo
                 Sigonio
                 Giovanni
                 Bofino
              
               in
               his
               seventh
               Book
               of
               the
               Roman
               Antiquities
               ,
               and
               
                 Giach●…mo
                 Perionio
              
               of
               the
               Provinces
               
                 Marian
                 Scoto
              
               ,
               and
               
                 Guido
                 Pancirolo
              
               .
            
             
               Of
               the
               Senate
               ,
               
                 Aulo
                 Gellio
                 ,
                 Giovanni
                 Zamosio
              
               ,
               Great
               Chansellor
               of
               Polonia
               ,
               and
               
                 Paul
                 Manutius
              
               .
            
             
             
               Of
               the
               Comitia
               ,
               or
               Assemblies
               of
               the
               People
               for
               electing
               Officers
               ,
               
                 Nicolo
                 Grucchio
                 ,
                 Carlo
                 Sigonio
              
               ,
               and
               
                 Giovanni
                 Rosino
              
               in
               his
               6th
               Book
               of
               the
               Roman
               Antiquities
               .
            
             
               Of
               the
               Judges
               ,
               
                 Valerius
                 Maximus
              
               ,
               in
               his
               7th
               .
               Book
               and
               
                 Giovanni
                 Rosino
              
               in
               his
               7th
               .
               Book
               of
               the
               Antiquities
               of
               Rome
               .
            
             
               Of
               the
               High
               Priests
               .
               
                 Andrea
                 Dominico
                 Flacco
                 ,
                 Pomponeo
                 Leto
                 ,
              
               and
               Rosino
               aforenamed
               .
            
             
               Of
               the
               times
               of
               their
               Festivals
               ,
               and
               of
               their
               Games
               ,
               
                 Ovidius
                 Naso
                 ,
                 Lidius
                 Geraldus
                 ,
                 Rosinus
              
               and
               
                 Iosephus
                 Scaliger
              
               in
               his
               Book
               ,
               
                 De
                 Temporum
                 emendatione
              
               .
            
             
               Of
               the
               Triclinia
               ,
               or
               Supping
               Parlours
               ,
               or
               their
               Banquets
               and
               manner
               of
               sitting
               at
               Table
               ,
               
                 Pietro
                 Chiacon
                 Toletano
                 ,
                 Fulvio
                 Orsino
              
               a
               
                 Roman
                 :
                 Ramusio
                 ,
                 De
                 quaesitis
                 per
                 Epistolam
                 ,
              
               and
               
                 Andrea
                 Baccio
                 ,
                 De
                 vini
                 Natura
                 .
              
            
             
               Of
               the
               sharp
               pointed
               Steeple
               erected
               by
               Sixtus
               the
               5th
               .
               
                 Pietro
                 Angelo
                 Barba
                 ,
                 Pietro
                 Galesino
                 ,
                 Michel
                 Mercator
                 ,
              
               and
               
                 Giovanni
                 Servilio
              
               .
            
             
               Of
               the
               Theatre
               ,
               and
               Amphitheatres
               
                 Iustus
                 Lipsius
              
               ,
               and
               
                 Giovanni
                 Servilio
              
               ,
               in
               his
               first
               Book
               of
               the
               wonderfull
               works
               of
               the
               Antient
               .
            
             
               Of
               the
               
                 Roman
                 Militia
                 ,
                 Polibius
                 ,
                 Iustus
                 Lipsius
                 ,
                 Giovanni
                 Antonio
                 Valerin●…
                 ,
                 Giovanni
                 Servilio
              
               in
               30.
               
                 lib.
                 De
                 mirandis
                 Carlo
                 sigonio
              
               ,
               and
               
                 Giovanni
                 Rosino
              
               .
            
             
               Of
               the
               Provinces
               
                 Sextus
                 Rufus
              
               in
               his
               Breviary
               ;
               and
               
                 Carlo
                 Sigonius
              
               ,
               of
               the
               Colonies
               
                 Sextus
                 Iulius
                 Frontinus
                 ,
                 Onofrio
                 Panuino
                 ,
              
               and
               
                 Carlo
                 Sigonio
              
               .
            
             
               Of
               the
               Ciphers
               or
               Figures
               of
               the
               Antient
               ,
               
                 Valerius
                 Probus
              
               the
               Author
               of
               that
               tenth
               Book
               added
               to
               
                 Valerius
                 Maximus
              
               of
               the
               Roman
               surnames
               ,
               whereof
               also
               Sigonius
               hath
               writ
               ,
               Panuinus
               and
               others
               .
            
             
               Of
               the
               antiquity
               of
               the
               Edifices
               ,
               and
               the
               ruines
               of
               
                 Rome
                 ,
                 Carolus
                 Sigonius
              
               in
               his
               Book
               
                 De
                 antiquo
                 Iure
                 Civium
                 Romanorum
                 .
                 Paul●…s
                 Minutius
                 ,
              
               who
               wrote
               also
               of
               the
               Laws
               of
               Rome
               ,
               as
               did
               
                 Antonius
                 Agostinus
              
               aud
               others
               .
            
             
               The
               Figures
               of
               Romes
               Antiquities
               were
               stamped
               in
               Brass
               by
               
                 Antonio
                 Salamanca
              
               and
               others
               .
               The
               Tablets
               in
               brass
               likewise
               by
               
                 Onofrio
                 Panuino
              
               and
               others
               :
               The
               Statues
               in
               Rome
               ,
               were
               published
               by
               
                 Giovanni
                 Giacomo
                 Boissardo
              
               and
               others
               .
               The
               Images
               of
               the
               illustrious
               Persons
               were
               taken
               from
               the
               Marble
               figures
               and
               printed
               by
               
                 Achille
                 Statio
              
               ,
               a
               Portuguese
               ,
               and
               
                 Theodore
                 Galleo
              
               ,
               by
               whom
               also
               were
               set
               forth
               the
               lively
               Visages
               of
               the
               modern
               illustrious
               Italians
               ,
               as
               also
               of
               the
               nine
               learned
               Greeks
               ,
               who
               being
               taken
               at
               Constantinople
               ,
               first
               brought
               the
               Greek
               letters
               into
               Italy
               and
               afterwards
               conveyed
               the
               same
               into
               Gallia
               aud
               those
               parts
               beyond
               the
               Alpes
               .
            
             
               The
               old
               Inscriptions
               on
               Marble
               and
               other
               stones
               in
               Rome
               and
               elsewhere
               ,
               were
               divulged
               by
               
                 Pietro
                 Appiano
                 ,
                 Maritino
                 Smetio
                 ,
                 Fulvio
                 Orsino
              
               and
               divers
               others
               .
               The
               Epitaphs
               on
               Christians
               Tombs
               are
               collected
               by
               
                 Lorenzo
                 Scradero
              
               a
               Saxon
               ,
               and
               by
               Chitreus
               in
               his
               Book
               of
               delight
               in
               travails
               .
            
             
               Of
               the
               Roman
               wonders
               
                 Ubertus
                 Glothzius
              
               hath
               wrote
               an
               ample
               Book
               ,
               which
               also
               comprehends
               the
               Inscriptions
               and
               meddals
               of
               Apulia
               ,
               and
               
                 Sicilia
                 ,
                 Sebastiano
                 Erizzo
              
               and
               others
               .
            
             
               The
               Lives
               of
               the
               Roman
               Chief
               Bishops
               and
               Popes
               were
               made
               publick
               by
               
                 Bartholomeo
                 ,
                 Platina
                 Papiro
                 .
                 Maxone
              
               and
               others
               :
               whom
               we
               
               must
               not
               read
               without
               great
               circumspection
               Panuino
               hath
               likewise
               presented
               to
               common
               view
               all
               their
               Images
               taken
               by
               the
               life
               .
            
             
               Of
               the
               Cardinals
               ,
               their
               times
               ,
               and
               appurtenances
               ,
               
                 Onofrius
                 Panuinus
                 Alfonso
                 Chiaccone
              
               a
               Spaniard
               and
               others
               have
               wrote
               ,
               and
               
                 Theodorus
                 Gallus
              
               in
               Anvers
               ,
               engraved
               the
               Images
               and
               Elogies
               of
               twelve
               Cardinals
               .
            
          
           
             
               Of
               the
               seaven
               Churches
               of
               ROME
               ,
               which
               are
               most
               visited
               ,
               and
               more
               richly
               fraught
               with
               Indulgencies
               and
               Priviledges
               than
               the
               Rest.
               
            
             
               THE
               Moddel
               of
               the
               Temples
               of
               Rome
               vary
               according
               to
               the
               different
               times
               and
               humours
               of
               Men
               ;
               sometimes
               building
               them
               Round
               ,
               without
               Collumnes
               ,
               without
               traversing
               ,
               and
               without
               Casements
               ,
               leaving
               in
               the
               Covering
               an
               open
               hole
               or
               Cupola
               for
               the
               light
               to
               enter
               in
               at
               .
               Of
               this
               sort
               is
               the
               Rotonda
               of
               Rome
               ,
               a
               Church
               worthy
               consideration
               for
               the
               Architecture
               .
               Which
               some
               times
               our
               Ancestors
               made
               in
               an
               Orbicular
               forme
               ,
               but
               with
               rowes
               of
               Pillars
               diversly
               placed
               ,
               as
               is
               
                 San
                 Stefano
              
               ,
               in
               
                 Monte
                 Celio
              
               ,
               heretofore
               the
               Temple
               of
               Iuno
               ,
               and
               that
               of
               Costanza
               or
               Constantina
               in
               the
               
                 Via
                 nomentina
              
               ,
               without
               the
               
                 Porta
                 Viminale
              
               ,
               which
               t
               is
               thought
               was
               antiently
               the
               Temple
               of
               Ba●…chus
               .
               Sometimes
               they
               used
               to
               build
               their
               Temples
               Square
               ,
               with
               one
               or
               two
               Bankes
               or
               Pillars
               ,
               as
               now
               appear
               
                 S.
                 Giovanni
                 Lateranense
              
               in
               
                 Monte
                 Celiv
                 ,
                 San
                 Paolo
              
               in
               the
               
                 Via
                 Ostiense
                 ,
                 Sant
                 Agnese
              
               without
               the
               Walls
               .
               And
               other
               times
               they
               formed
               them
               by
               entressing
               or
               joyning
               the
               Pillars
               together
               at
               Top
               ,
               near
               to
               which
               just
               under
               the
               Roof
               they
               fixed
               their
               little
               Casements
               ,
               wch
               .
               were
               more
               or
               less
               according
               to
               the
               proportion
               of
               the
               Structure
               :
               of
               which
               Sort
               are
               many
               in
               Rome
               ,
               with
               stately
               Frontispieces
               ,
               some
               of
               them
               being
               adorned
               with
               Columns
               of
               pretious
               and
               divers
               coloured
               Marble
               ,
               and
               many
               others
               whose
               Pavement
               are
               wrought
               in
               figures
               with
               little
               pieces
               of
               Marble
               
                 alla
                 Moisaca
              
               .
            
             
               
                 The
                 First
                 of
                 the
                 Seaven
                 principal
                 Churches
                 of
                 ROME
                 called
                 
                   Santa
                   Crose
                
                 ,
                 in
                 HIERUSALEM
                 .
              
               
                 THis
                 Church
                 is
                 the
                 first
                 and
                 chief
                 in
                 devotion
                 ,
                 seated
                 in
                 
                   Monte
                   Celio
                
                 ,
                 nobly
                 built
                 by
                 Helena
                 Mother
                 of
                 the
                 Emperour
                 Constantine
                 the
                 Great
                 :
                 In
                 it
                 are
                 20.
                 
                 Collumnes
                 ,
                 and
                 two
                 fair
                 tombs
                 of
                 black
                 ,
                 red
                 ,
                 and
                 white
                 Marble
                 :
                 the
                 covering
                 of
                 the
                 High
                 Altar
                 is
                 sustained
                 by
                 4
                 Marble
                 Pillars
                 .
                 One
                 inscription
                 there
                 to
                 be
                 read
                 ,
                 shewes
                 that
                 the
                 ground
                 or
                 earth
                 (
                 the
                 Foundation
                 or
                 Floor
                 thereof
                 )
                 is
                 the
                 true
                 
                 holy
                 Earth
                 brought
                 from
                 Ierusalem
                 .
                 T
                 is
                 believed
                 this
                 was
                 the
                 Asylum
                 or
                 Sanctuary
                 in
                 the
                 life
                 time
                 of
                 Romulus
                 ,
                 and
                 that
                 
                   Tullius
                   Hostilius
                
                 afterwards
                 enlarged
                 the
                 City
                 to
                 the
                 said
                 Asylum
                 .
                 T
                 is
                 observable
                 that
                 in
                 the
                 same
                 place
                 ,
                 where
                 Impunity
                 for
                 evil
                 works
                 was
                 afforded
                 to
                 Malefactors
                 under
                 the
                 first
                 Founders
                 of
                 Rome
                 ;
                 under
                 the
                 ChristiReligion
                 ,
                 Our
                 Lord
                 God
                 is
                 pleased
                 to
                 grant
                 remission
                 of
                 our
                 Sins
                 .
              
               
                 In
                 this
                 Church
                 is
                 the
                 Tombe
                 of
                 Pope
                 Benedict
                 the
                 7th
                 .
                 with
                 an
                 Epitaph
                 in
                 verse
                 :
                 and
                 of
                 
                   Francesco
                   Quigone
                
                 a
                 famous
                 Sculptor
                 .
                 More
                 of
                 this
                 Church
                 will
                 be
                 spoken
                 in
                 the
                 second
                 dayes
                 Journey
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 The
                 Second
                 Church
                 of
                 the
                 Sainto
                 ,
                 FABIANO
                 and
                 SEBASTIANO
                 .
              
               
                 THis
                 Church
                 stands
                 in
                 the
                 
                   Via
                   Appia
                
                 ,
                 built
                 with
                 plain
                 work
                 in
                 a
                 long
                 form
                 ,
                 the
                 pavement
                 Marble
                 ,
                 contiguous
                 with
                 a
                 fair
                 Monastery
                 now
                 deserted
                 .
                 Herein
                 were
                 at
                 first
                 reposed
                 the
                 Bodies
                 of
                 St.
                 Peter
                 ,
                 and
                 St.
                 Paul.
                 The
                 High
                 Altar
                 is
                 sustained
                 with
                 four
                 Marble
                 Pillars
                 ,
                 and
                 is
                 raised
                 with
                 Stone
                 ,
                 as
                 are
                 most
                 Altars
                 in
                 Rome
                 .
                 Under
                 an
                 Iron
                 grate
                 ,
                 lyes
                 the
                 Body
                 of
                 St.
                 Stephen
                 the
                 Pope
                 a
                 Martyr
                 ,
                 and
                 of
                 46.
                 other
                 blessed
                 Popes
                 ,
                 with
                 the
                 Reliques
                 of
                 above
                 74
                 thousand
                 Martyrs
                 And
                 for
                 that
                 this
                 Church
                 is
                 so
                 far
                 distant
                 .
                 The
                 Pope
                 grants
                 that
                 instead
                 of
                 visiting
                 it
                 in
                 the
                 extream
                 hot
                 weather
                 ,
                 The
                 People
                 should
                 repair
                 to
                 
                   Santa
                   Maria
                   del
                   Popolo
                
                 for
                 their
                 Indulgencies
                 .
                 Of
                 this
                 Church
                 more
                 will
                 be
                 said
                 in
                 the
                 voyage
                 of
                 the
                 second
                 day
                 to
                 the
                 
                   Via
                   App●…a
                
                 .
                 And
                 of
                 
                   Santa
                   Maria
                   del
                   Popolo
                
                 ,
                 in
                 the
                 Catalogue
                 of
                 Churches
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 The
                 third
                 Church
                 named
                 
                   San
                   GIOVANNI
                   del
                   LATERANO
                
                 .
              
               
                 THis
                 may
                 be
                 called
                 the
                 Chief
                 amongst
                 the
                 seaven
                 principal
                 Churches
                 ,
                 having
                 been
                 formerly
                 the
                 Abode
                 of
                 the
                 Popes
                 in
                 
                   Monte
                   Celio
                
                 ,
                 and
                 Sixtus
                 the
                 5th
                 .
                 though
                 in
                 vain
                 ,
                 reedified
                 that
                 Pontifical
                 Palace
                 even
                 from
                 the
                 very
                 foundations
                 ,
                 wherein
                 was
                 frequently
                 celebrated
                 the
                 famous
                 synod
                 called
                 
                   Synodo
                   Lateranenze
                
                 in
                 Rome
                 .
                 The
                 Roman
                 Emperours
                 used
                 to
                 receive
                 the
                 golden
                 Crown
                 in
                 this
                 Church
                 .
                 It
                 s
                 pavement
                 is
                 wrought
                 with
                 lovely
                 Marble
                 ,
                 and
                 Its
                 Roof
                 richly
                 carved
                 and
                 guilt
                 .
                 It
                 hath
                 many
                 Reliques
                 of
                 Saints
                 ,
                 as
                 the
                 heads
                 of
                 St.
                 Peter
                 and
                 St.
                 Paul
                 ,
                 the
                 Vest
                 of
                 St.
                 Stephen
                 bloudy
                 and
                 corne
                 by
                 those
                 Stones
                 cast
                 at
                 him
                 ,
                 and
                 divers
                 other
                 things
                 worthy
                 veneration
                 :
                 Of
                 which
                 the
                 Bulls
                 of
                 Pope
                 
                   Sixtus
                   quartus
                
                 ,
                 and
                 of
                 Pope
                 Gregory
                 cutt
                 in
                 Marble
                 ,
                 affirm
                 the
                 Veritie
                 .
                 This
                 Church
                 was
                 repaired
                 in
                 many
                 places
                 by
                 Nicholas
                 the
                 4th
                 .
                 in
                 the
                 yeer
                 1291
                 ,
                 the
                 testimony
                 whereof
                 yet
                 remains
                 in
                 the
                 Front.
                 T
                 is
                 reported
                 ,
                 That
                 its
                 Collumnes
                 were
                 transported
                 by
                 Vespatian
                 from
                 Ierusalem
                 to
                 Rome
                 .
                 
                 This
                 is
                 one
                 of
                 the
                 five
                 Patriarchal
                 Churches
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Baptistary
                 is
                 conjoyned
                 to
                 the
                 said
                 Church
                 ,
                 wherein
                 Constantine
                 the
                 Emperour
                 was
                 baptized
                 by
                 the
                 Pope
                 St.
                 Sylvester
                 .
                 Into
                 one
                 of
                 the
                 Chappels
                 whereof
                 dedicated
                 to
                 St.
                 
                   Iohn
                   Baptist
                
                 ,
                 no
                 Woman
                 is
                 permitted
                 to
                 enter
                 under
                 pain
                 of
                 Excomunication
                 ,
                 in
                 memorial
                 that
                 One
                 Woman
                 was
                 cause
                 of
                 the
                 death
                 of
                 St.
                 
                   Iohn
                   Baptist
                
                 ,
                 who
                 first
                 published
                 Baptism
                 .
                 The
                 Collumnes
                 of
                 Porphyr
                 therein
                 standing
                 ,
                 being
                 rubbed
                 with
                 ones
                 hand
                 ,
                 smell
                 as
                 sweet
                 as
                 any
                 Violet
                 ,
                 they
                 were
                 brought
                 from
                 Pilates
                 House
                 ,
                 together
                 with
                 one
                 of
                 its
                 Gates
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Collumne
                 whereon
                 the
                 Cock
                 stood
                 ,
                 who
                 by
                 his
                 thrice
                 crowing
                 put
                 St.
                 Peter
                 in
                 mind
                 of
                 the
                 words
                 of
                 our
                 Saviour
                 .
                 In
                 Saint
                 Iohn
                 they
                 preserved
                 the
                 Ark
                 of
                 the
                 old
                 Testament
                 ,
                 the
                 Rod
                 of
                 Aaron
                 ,
                 the
                 Ladder
                 brought
                 from
                 the
                 Palace
                 of
                 Pilate
                 ,
                 whereto
                 Christ
                 was
                 bound
                 when
                 whipt
                 with
                 rods
                 ,
                 the
                 drops
                 of
                 whose
                 blood
                 yet
                 appear
                 on
                 it
                 .
                 The
                 stone
                 whereon
                 the
                 Iews
                 cast
                 lots
                 ,
                 with
                 other
                 notable
                 things
                 ,
                 particularly
                 treated
                 on
                 by
                 the
                 Authors
                 aforenamed
                 .
                 These
                 things
                 are
                 publickly
                 shewed
                 to
                 Pilgrims
                 .
                 the
                 Epitaphs
                 of
                 Pope
                 Sylvester
                 the
                 second
                 ,
                 and
                 of
                 
                   Antonio
                   Cardinale
                   Porthogese
                
                 ,
                 are
                 legible
                 in
                 verse
                 ,
                 as
                 also
                 of
                 
                   Lorenzo
                   Valle
                
                 ,
                 a
                 Canon
                 of
                 this
                 Church
                 who
                 deceased
                 50
                 yeers
                 old
                 in
                 Anno.
                 1465.
                 
                 In
                 whose
                 commendation
                 this
                 Elogy
                 was
                 sett
                 up
                 ▪
                 
                   
                     Laurens
                     Valla
                     jacet
                     ,
                     Romanae
                     gloria
                     linguae
                     .
                  
                   
                     Primus
                     eni●…
                     docuit
                     ,
                     quâ
                     decet
                     arte
                     loqui
                     .
                  
                
              
               
                 Here
                 is
                 the
                 
                   Porta
                   Santa
                
                 ,
                 which
                 at
                 the
                 beginning
                 of
                 the
                 yeer
                 of
                 Jubilee
                 the
                 Popes
                 use
                 to
                 set
                 open
                 .
                 In
                 the
                 Voyage
                 of
                 the
                 second
                 day
                 other
                 things
                 will
                 be
                 mentioned
                 of
                 this
                 Church
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 The
                 third
                 Church
                 named
                 
                   SAN
                   LORENZO
                
                 without
                 the
                 
                   PORTA
                   ESQUILINA
                
                 .
              
               
                 THis
                 large
                 Church
                 is
                 sustained
                 by
                 36
                 Marble
                 Pillars
                 ,
                 and
                 connexed
                 with
                 it
                 is
                 the
                 Monastery
                 of
                 the
                 Canon
                 Regulars
                 of
                 St.
                 Austin
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 called
                 
                   di
                   san
                   Salvadore
                
                 .
                 Here
                 is
                 one
                 of
                 those
                 places
                 under
                 ground
                 (
                 as
                 St.
                 Sebastiano
                 )
                 wherein
                 are
                 layed
                 many
                 of
                 the
                 bones
                 of
                 Martyrs
                 brought
                 from
                 the
                 
                   Cemeterio
                   Ciriaco
                
                 ,
                 and
                 here
                 are
                 the
                 Reliques
                 of
                 
                   San
                   Lorenzo
                
                 ,
                 among
                 which
                 is
                 the
                 stone
                 ,
                 whereon
                 that
                 blessed
                 St.
                 being
                 taken
                 off
                 the
                 Gridiron
                 was
                 placed
                 ,
                 and
                 expired
                 ,
                 which
                 stone
                 is
                 covered
                 with
                 an
                 Iron
                 Grate
                 .
                 On
                 the
                 left
                 side
                 of
                 the
                 high
                 Altar
                 ,
                 stands
                 the
                 Tombe
                 of
                 Eustachius
                 Nephew
                 of
                 Pope
                 Innocent
                 the
                 4th
                 whereon
                 are
                 carved
                 some
                 fair
                 statues
                 ,
                 as
                 't
                 were
                 actually
                 endeavouring
                 to
                 bring
                 a
                 Lambe
                 to
                 the
                 Sacrifice
                 .
                 This
                 was
                 one
                 of
                 the
                 five
                 Patriarchal
                 Churches
                 ,
                 and
                 will
                 be
                 farther
                 spoken
                 of
                 in
                 the
                 Voyage
                 of
                 the
                 second
                 day
                 :
              
            
             
               
               
                 The
                 Fifth
                 of
                 the
                 principal
                 Churches
                 called
                 
                   SANTA
                   MARIA
                   MAGGIORE
                   nel
                   MONTE
                   ESQUILINO
                   .
                
              
               
                 THis
                 in
                 respect
                 of
                 the
                 other
                 Churches
                 is
                 small
                 but
                 polite
                 ,
                 312.
                 foot
                 long
                 ,
                 and
                 112.
                 broad
                 ,
                 Its
                 pavement
                 is
                 wrought
                 with
                 Figures
                 in
                 Mosaick
                 work
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Roof
                 guilt
                 .
                 In
                 it
                 is
                 one
                 Altar
                 of
                 Porphyr
                 ,
                 and
                 a
                 Tomb
                 of
                 Porphyr
                 wherein
                 lies
                 
                   Giovanni
                   Patricio
                
                 ,
                 who
                 built
                 this
                 Church
                 .
                 In
                 a
                 Vault
                 under
                 ground
                 is
                 kept
                 the
                 Crib
                 or
                 Manger
                 wherein
                 our
                 Saviour
                 was
                 layed
                 at
                 his
                 Birth
                 ,
                 often
                 visited
                 ,
                 with
                 Mas●…es
                 and
                 Prayers
                 ,
                 for
                 which
                 end
                 
                   Sixtus
                   quintus
                
                 ,
                 there
                 built
                 a
                 glorious
                 Chappel
                 ,
                 deputing
                 to
                 it
                 Clerkes
                 ,
                 who
                 ought
                 there
                 continually
                 to
                 attend
                 for
                 divine
                 Worship
                 .
              
               
                 Here
                 are
                 engraven
                 the
                 works
                 of
                 Pope
                 Pius
                 the
                 5th
                 .
                 for
                 the
                 service
                 &
                 propagation
                 of
                 the
                 Christian
                 Religion
                 ,
                 in
                 perpetual
                 remembrance
                 of
                 so
                 good
                 a
                 Pastor
                 :
                 whose
                 Body
                 he
                 ordered
                 also
                 should
                 be
                 put
                 in
                 ●…n
                 honourable
                 Tombe
                 on
                 the
                 one
                 side
                 ,
                 and
                 his
                 own
                 to
                 be
                 placed
                 on
                 the
                 other
                 side
                 ,
                 when
                 it
                 should
                 please
                 the
                 Lord
                 to
                 call
                 him
                 to
                 himself
                 .
                 On
                 the
                 right
                 side
                 of
                 the
                 high
                 Altar
                 lies
                 the
                 body
                 of
                 Pope
                 Nicholas
                 the
                 4th
                 .
                 near
                 whose
                 Tomb
                 stands
                 an
                 Image
                 of
                 the
                 blessed
                 Virgin
                 painted
                 by
                 Saint
                 Luke
                 .
                 Here
                 also
                 is
                 the
                 Sepulchre
                 of
                 
                   San
                   Girolame
                
                 .
                 And
                 here
                 ly
                 buried
                 Alberto
                 and
                 
                   Giovanni
                   Normando
                   .
                   Platina
                
                 who
                 wrote
                 compleatly
                 the
                 lives
                 of
                 the
                 Popes
                 .
                 
                   Lucco
                   Gaurico
                
                 a
                 famous
                 Mathematician
                 and
                 Bishop
                 of
                 
                   Cività
                   .
                   Francesco
                   Toledo
                
                 a
                 Jesuit●…
                 
                   Zforseschi
                   da
                   Santa
                   Fiora
                
                 and
                 
                   i
                   Cesis
                
                 ,
                 three
                 Cardinals
                 .
                 Upon
                 the
                 Pillars
                 are
                 some
                 antient
                 Pictures
                 of
                 such
                 as
                 undertook
                 the
                 Argument
                 for
                 the
                 Catholick
                 Faith
                 against
                 the
                 Hereticks
                 (
                 who
                 condemned
                 images
                 )
                 when
                 that
                 point
                 was
                 disputed
                 in
                 the
                 Councel
                 .
                 Before
                 this
                 Church
                 
                   Sixtus
                   Quintus
                
                 reared
                 an
                 Obelisk
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 the
                 least
                 of
                 the
                 four
                 in
                 Rome
                 ,
                 and
                 is
                 without
                 Hieroglyp●…ick
                 notes
                 ,
                 as
                 that
                 before
                 Saint
                 
                   Giovanni
                   Laterano
                
                 hath
                 .
                 On
                 the
                 back
                 part
                 of
                 this
                 Church
                 is
                 erected
                 a
                 Marble
                 Collumn
                 ,
                 not
                 so
                 great
                 as
                 neat
                 ,
                 in
                 memory
                 of
                 the
                 Absolution
                 which
                 Henry
                 fourth
                 King
                 of
                 France
                 and
                 Navarre
                 ,
                 obtayned
                 from
                 Clement
                 the
                 eighth
                 in
                 Ann.
                 1593.
                 
                 This
                 was
                 one
                 of
                 the
                 five
                 Patriarchall
                 Churches
                 ,
                 and
                 will
                 be
                 further
                 treated
                 of
                 in
                 the
                 third
                 dayes
                 Journey
                 .
              
            
             
               
               
                 The
                 Sixth
                 of
                 the
                 Principal
                 Churches
                 ,
                 called
                 
                   SAN
                   PAOLO
                   NELLA
                   VIA
                   OSTIENSE
                
                 .
              
               
                 THis
                 is
                 the
                 fairest
                 and
                 biggest
                 Church
                 of
                 Rome
                 being
                 120
                 paces
                 long
                 and
                 85
                 broad
                 built
                 by
                 Constantine
                 the
                 great
                 ,
                 &
                 sustained
                 (
                 as
                 may
                 be
                 said
                 )
                 by
                 a
                 Grove
                 of
                 stately
                 Pillars
                 .
              
               
                 T
                 is
                 paved
                 with
                 Marble
                 .
                 Many
                 Inscriptions
                 are
                 there
                 placed
                 and
                 published
                 by
                 orhers
                 .
                 One
                 most
                 remarkable
                 is
                 this
                 .
                 
                   P.
                   P.
                   P.
                   R.
                   R.
                   R.
                   S.
                   S.
                   S.
                   F.
                   F.
                   F.
                   
                
              
               
                 The
                 Venerable
                 Bede
                 being
                 at
                 that
                 time
                 most
                 learned
                 was
                 consulted
                 and
                 desired
                 to
                 resolve
                 the
                 signification
                 of
                 those
                 Letters
                 ,
                 which
                 he
                 thus
                 explained
                 .
                 
                   
                     Pater
                     Patriae
                     Perfectus
                  
                   
                     Regnum
                     Romae
                     Ruit
                  
                   
                     Secum
                     Sublatâ
                     Sapientiâ
                  
                   
                     Ferro
                     ,
                     Flamma
                     ,
                     Fame
                     .
                  
                
              
               
                 The
                 High
                 Altar
                 is
                 supported
                 by
                 four
                 Porphyr
                 Pillars
                 exposeing
                 to
                 publique
                 view
                 the
                 Image
                 on
                 the
                 Crucifix
                 ,
                 which
                 spake
                 to
                 St.
                 Brigide
                 while
                 she
                 prayed
                 :
                 as
                 the
                 Inscription
                 declares
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Bull
                 verifies
                 .
                 Here
                 also
                 are
                 stupendiously
                 expressed
                 in
                 Mosaick
                 work
                 ,
                 the
                 Imagea
                 of
                 Christ
                 ,
                 of
                 Saint
                 Peter
                 ,
                 Saint
                 Paul
                 ,
                 and
                 Saint
                 Andrew
                 ,
                 so
                 lively
                 that
                 words
                 seem
                 to
                 issue
                 out
                 of
                 their
                 mouths
                 ,
                 together
                 with
                 all
                 the
                 Instruments
                 of
                 the
                 Passion
                 and
                 death
                 of
                 our
                 Saviour
                 .
                 This
                 Church
                 was
                 nobly
                 restored
                 and
                 beautified
                 by
                 Clement
                 the
                 8th
                 .
                 an
                 excellent
                 Pope
                 :
                 In
                 the
                 Brasen
                 gates
                 ,
                 are
                 figured
                 divers
                 holy
                 histories
                 Greek
                 and
                 Latin
                 ;
                 From
                 the
                 inscriptions
                 t
                 is
                 gathered
                 ,
                 that
                 these
                 gates
                 were
                 placed
                 there
                 ,
                 by
                 Pantaleon
                 ,
                 Consul
                 in
                 the
                 time
                 of
                 
                   Alexander
                   the
                
                 4th
                 .
                 This
                 was
                 one
                 of
                 the
                 five
                 Patriarchal
                 Churches
                 .
                 In
                 it
                 are
                 the
                 Sepultures
                 of
                 some
                 Popes
                 ,
                 as
                 of
                 Giovanni
                 who
                 dyed
                 in
                 anno
                 1472.
                 and
                 
                   Pietro
                   Leone
                
                 and
                 the
                 memorials
                 of
                 Iulius
                 the
                 third
                 Gregory
                 the
                 13th
                 .
                 and
                 Clement
                 the
                 8th
                 .
                 who
                 opened
                 the
                 
                   Porta
                   Santae
                
                 ,
                 in
                 the
                 yeer
                 of
                 Jubile
                 .
                 This
                 Church
                 is
                 at
                 present
                 governed
                 by
                 the
                 Fryers
                 of
                 the
                 Order
                 of
                 St.
                 Benedict
                 .
                 Here
                 is
                 the
                 Chappel
                 of
                 St.
                 Paul
                 in
                 good
                 part
                 restored
                 by
                 
                   Alexandro
                   Farnese
                
                 ,
                 a
                 Cardinal
                 in
                 anno
                 1582.
                 
                 In
                 the
                 Vestry
                 are
                 many
                 Reliques
                 of
                 Saints
                 ,
                 the
                 Collumnes
                 whereon
                 St.
                 Paul
                 was
                 decapitated
                 ,
                 and
                 a
                 stone
                 wch
                 .
                 they
                 usually
                 fastened
                 to
                 the
                 Feet
                 of
                 the
                 Martyrs
                 for
                 their
                 greater
                 torment
                 .
                 In
                 the
                 Chapel
                 of
                 
                   Porta
                   Celi
                
                 ,
                 are
                 the
                 reliques
                 of
                 2203
                 Persons
                 martyred
                 by
                 Nero.
                 whence
                 at
                 a
                 small
                 distance
                 is
                 the
                 
                   Tre
                   Fontane
                
                 ,
                 or
                 three
                 Fountains
                 ,
                 the
                 place
                 of
                 Saint
                 Pauls
                 Martyrdome
                 (
                 fully
                 restored
                 and
                 beautifyed
                 by
                 Clement
                 the
                 8th
                 .
                 )
                 whose
                 head
                 being
                 cut
                 off
                 ,
                 took
                 three
                 leaps
                 ,
                 and
                 at
                 each
                 Leap
                 ,
                 a
                 spring
                 arose
                 and
                 still
                 runs
                 with
                 clear
                 waters
                 .
              
            
             
               
               
                 The
                 Seaventh
                 of
                 the
                 Principal
                 Churches
                 of
                 ROME
                 ,
                 called
                 
                   S.
                   PIETRO
                
                 in
                 VATICANO
                 .
              
               
                 FOR
                 Beauty
                 ,
                 sumptuousness
                 ,
                 Artifice
                 ,
                 and
                 Worth
                 ;
                 not
                 only
                 Rome
                 but
                 the
                 whole
                 world
                 yeelds
                 this
                 meritoriously
                 a
                 precedency
                 to
                 all
                 other
                 Churches
                 ,
                 especially
                 in
                 that
                 part
                 built
                 in
                 later
                 times
                 ,
                 to
                 which
                 Sixtus
                 the
                 5th
                 .
                 added
                 a
                 noble
                 Cupolo
                 ,
                 wherein
                 are
                 figured
                 the
                 Celestial
                 Hierarchy
                 in
                 pieces
                 of
                 Mosaick
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 beholders
                 believe
                 them
                 painted
                 .
                 And
                 Gregory
                 the
                 13th
                 .
                 as
                 glorious
                 a
                 Chappel
                 in
                 honour
                 of
                 Saint
                 
                   Gregorie
                   Nazianzene
                
                 ,
                 wherein
                 he
                 was
                 buried
                 .
                 Without
                 doubt
                 it
                 is
                 the
                 most
                 perfect
                 model
                 of
                 decent
                 Magnificence
                 in
                 the
                 World
                 ,
                 there
                 being
                 an
                 answerable
                 uniformity
                 within
                 and
                 without
                 .
                 And
                 may
                 justly
                 be
                 compared
                 (
                 if
                 not
                 said
                 to
                 surpass
                 )
                 the
                 Temple
                 of
                 Diana
                 in
                 Ephesus
                 ,
                 formerly
                 accounted
                 one
                 of
                 the
                 seaven
                 wonders
                 of
                 the
                 world
                 :
                 burnt
                 by
                 Herostratus
                 who
                 by
                 that
                 horrid
                 Act
                 sought
                 rather
                 to
                 perpetuate
                 his
                 name
                 than
                 to
                 ly
                 unremembred
                 in
                 his
                 Grave
                 .
                 The
                 Old
                 Church
                 had
                 24
                 collumnes
                 of
                 so
                 various
                 coloured
                 Marble
                 ,
                 as
                 are
                 not
                 matchable
                 ,
                 which
                 were
                 taken
                 from
                 the
                 adjacent
                 Sepulchre
                 of
                 Adrian
                 the
                 Emperour
                 ,
                 who
                 was
                 most
                 exquisite
                 in
                 all
                 his
                 works
                 .
                 Those
                 other
                 Pillars
                 in
                 the
                 Chappel
                 of
                 the
                 holy
                 Sacrament
                 and
                 those
                 that
                 support
                 the
                 
                   Volto
                   Santo
                
                 ,
                 that
                 is
                 the
                 Towel
                 of
                 Veronica
                 ,
                 with
                 some
                 others
                 ,
                 were
                 transported
                 from
                 Ierusalem
                 into
                 Italy
                 by
                 
                   Titus
                   Vespasianus
                
                 and
                 taken
                 out
                 of
                 the
                 Temple
                 and
                 Palace
                 of
                 Solomon
                 ,
                 after
                 that
                 the
                 Iews
                 were
                 wholly
                 overcome
                 and
                 their
                 said
                 City
                 destroyed
                 .
                 The
                 top
                 is
                 all
                 of
                 squares
                 ,
                 Levati
                 as
                 they
                 call
                 it
                 ,
                 like
                 the
                 Pantheon
                 ,
                 in
                 the
                 Center
                 of
                 the
                 Church
                 stands
                 the
                 great
                 Altar
                 ,
                 all
                 of
                 solid
                 Brass
                 ,
                 in
                 such
                 stupendious
                 pillars
                 that
                 each
                 weighs
                 25000.
                 pound
                 and
                 is
                 of
                 so
                 incomparable
                 workemanship
                 that
                 no
                 Cathedral
                 but
                 St.
                 Peters
                 is
                 fit
                 to
                 entertain
                 it
                 .
                 Herein
                 is
                 the
                 Sepulchre
                 of
                 the
                 Emperour
                 Otho
                 the
                 second
                 ,
                 buried
                 in
                 anno
                 1486.
                 in
                 porphirie
                 :
                 A
                 greater
                 porphyre
                 stone
                 then
                 this
                 Italy
                 affords
                 nor
                 ,
                 except
                 that
                 of
                 
                   Santa
                   Maria
                   Rotonda
                
                 the
                 Sepulture
                 of
                 Theodorick
                 King
                 of
                 the
                 Ostrogothes
                 .
                 This
                 was
                 one
                 of
                 the
                 five
                 Patriarchal
                 Churches
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 old
                 part
                 was
                 built
                 by
                 the
                 Emperour
                 Constantine
                 the
                 great
                 ,
                 who
                 caused
                 it
                 be
                 sustained
                 by
                 Pillars
                 :
                 But
                 Pope
                 Iulius
                 the
                 second
                 ●n
                 anno
                 1507
                 was
                 the
                 Founder
                 of
                 the
                 new
                 part
                 ,
                 himself
                 laying
                 the
                 first
                 stone
                 of
                 the
                 foundation
                 with
                 his
                 own
                 hands
                 in
                 the
                 presence
                 of
                 thirty
                 five
                 Cardinals
                 ,
                 Bramante
                 ,
                 of
                 Urbin
                 ,
                 was
                 the
                 Inventor
                 of
                 the
                 Model
                 ,
                 which
                 
                   Michael
                   Angelo
                   ,
                   Bonarota
                
                 the
                 Florentine
                 ,
                 afterwards
                 added
                 to
                 and
                 corrected
                 .
              
               
                 
                   Antonio
                   Fiorentino
                
                 ,
                 by
                 order
                 of
                 Eugenius
                 the
                 4th
                 .
                 made
                 the
                 gate
                 of
                 Brass
                 ,
                 with
                 the
                 figures
                 of
                 Christ
                 ,
                 the
                 blessed
                 Virgine
                 ,
                 of
                 Saint
                 Peter
                 ,
                 and
                 
                   St
                   Paul.
                
                 In
                 the
                 holy
                 week
                 every
                 yeer
                 they
                 shew
                 here
                 the
                 Visage
                 of
                 Christ
                 ,
                 called
                 
                   Volto
                   Santo
                
                 ,
                 impressed
                 on
                 the
                 Towel
                 of
                 Veronica
                 .
                 There
                 is
                 one
                 Figure
                 of
                 the
                 Virgine
                 Mary
                 holding
                 Christ
                 dead
                 in
                 her
                 lap
                 the
                 work
                 of
                 
                   Michael
                   Angelo
                
                 ,
                 whose
                 also
                 is
                 that
                 most
                 excellent
                 
                 Picture
                 of
                 universal
                 Judgment
                 ,
                 placed
                 in
                 the
                 Popes
                 Chappel
                 .
                 On
                 the
                 Eastern
                 part
                 of
                 the
                 Church
                 hangs
                 the
                 Pinnace
                 of
                 St.
                 Peter
                 ,
                 in
                 Mosaick
                 work
                 by
                 
                   Giotto
                   Fiorentino
                
                 .
                 In
                 the
                 Chorus
                 stands
                 the
                 Tombe
                 of
                 Pope
                 Sixtus
                 the
                 fourth
                 ,
                 all
                 of
                 Brass
                 ,
                 and
                 on
                 the
                 top
                 lies
                 his
                 Figure
                 represented
                 sleeping
                 ,
                 with
                 Vertue
                 on
                 both
                 sides
                 ,
                 and
                 round
                 it
                 the
                 Sciences
                 ,
                 that
                 is
                 Theologie
                 ,
                 Philosophy
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 liberal
                 arts
                 with
                 his
                 Inscription
                 ,
                 The
                 work
                 of
                 
                   Antonius
                   Palladius
                
                 ,
                 in
                 anno
                 1482.
                 
                 Herein
                 also
                 besides
                 those
                 of
                 the
                 first
                 Martyrs
                 
                   Lyno
                   ,
                   Cleto
                
                 and
                 others
                 ,
                 are
                 the
                 graves
                 and
                 Tombs
                 of
                 many
                 Popes
                 to
                 wit
                 ,
                 of
                 Innocent
                 the
                 8th
                 .
                 in
                 Brass
                 .
                 of
                 Pius
                 the
                 2d
                 .
                 a
                 Siennois
                 &
                 Pius
                 the
                 3
                 Son
                 of
                 a
                 Sister
                 of
                 Pius
                 the
                 2
                 Of
                 Marcellus
                 the
                 2
                 who
                 lived
                 in
                 the
                 Pontificacy
                 but
                 22.
                 dayes
                 .
                 Iulius
                 the
                 third
                 ,
                 all
                 without
                 Inscriptions
                 .
                 These
                 following
                 have
                 all
                 Epitaphs
                 in
                 verse
                 :
                 As
                 Nicolas
                 the
                 5th
                 .
                 Eugenius
                 the
                 4th
                 .
                 Urban
                 the
                 6th
                 .
                 Adrian
                 the
                 1st
                 .
                 Gregory
                 the
                 4th
                 .
                 and
                 5th
                 .
                 Boniface
                 the
                 8th
                 .
                 Paul
                 the
                 3d.
                 whose
                 Brass
                 Tomb
                 stands
                 in
                 the
                 new
                 part
                 .
                 Innocent
                 the
                 4th
                 .
                 Urban
                 the
                 7th
                 .
                 Gregory
                 the
                 13th
                 .
                 and
                 14th
                 .
                 and
                 also
                 Balbo
                 the
                 most
                 learned
                 in
                 the
                 Greek
                 ,
                 and
                 Cardinal
                 
                   dalla
                   Porta
                
                 .
              
               
                 Who
                 desires
                 more
                 ample
                 satisfaction
                 in
                 the
                 particulars
                 of
                 the
                 7
                 principal
                 Churches
                 of
                 Rome
                 ,
                 shall
                 find
                 it
                 in
                 the
                 diligent
                 writings
                 of
                 
                   Onofrius
                   Panuinus
                
                 ,
                 and
                 
                   Attilius
                   Serranus
                
                 ,
                 in
                 the
                 Latin
                 tongue
                 ,
                 and
                 of
                 
                   Pompeio
                   Ugonio
                
                 in
                 the
                 Italian
                 .
                 Let
                 this
                 compendious
                 description
                 ,
                 content
                 the
                 curious
                 in
                 this
                 study
                 here
                 ,
                 who
                 for
                 more
                 light
                 are
                 referred
                 to
                 the
                 Authors
                 above
                 named
                 .
                 Now
                 le
                 ts
                 pass
                 to
                 the
                 other
                 Churches
                 and
                 memorable
                 places
                 .
              
            
          
           
             
               A
               Catalogue
               of
               the
               Churches
               of
               ROMF
               ,
               set
               down
               Alphabetically
               with
               the
               Epitaphs
               most
               worthy
               noting
               therein
               extant
               .
            
             
               
                 SAnto
                 Adriano
                 in
                 tribus
                 Foris
              
               ,
               was
               a
               Temple
               first
               dedicated
               to
               Saturn
               
               in
               
                 foro
                 Romano
              
               ,
               then
               to
               Nerva
               the
               Emperour
               ,
               and
               lastly
               to
               St.
               Adrian
               when
               Cardinal
               
                 Gio
                 Bellaio
              
               ,
               repaired
               it
               .
            
             
               
                 Santo
                 Agapeto
              
               near
               
                 San
                 Lorenzo
              
               .
            
             
               
                 Santa
                 Agata
              
               a
               Church
               of
               the
               Gothes
               under
               t●●
               Viminale
               .
               Here
               stand
               the
               Figures
               of
               Diana
               and
               of
               Peace
               ,
               to
               whom
               t
               is
               believed
               t
               was
               dedicated
               .
               Before
               the
               Gate
               are
               figured
               certain
               Children
               with
               the
               pretexta
               on
               ,
               which
               was
               a
               Gown
               edged
               about
               with
               purple
               silk
               ,
               that
               the
               Noble
               mens
               Children
               of
               Rome
               wore
               till
               of
               the
               age
               of
               seaven
               yeers
               ,
               who
               sit
               on
               seats
               as
               if
               at
               School
               .
            
             
               In
               it
               likewise
               is
               the
               Tomb
               of
               
                 Giovanni
                 Lascaro
              
               with
               two
               Greek
               Epitaphs
               .
            
             
               
                 Santa
                 Agnese
              
               ,
               in
               the
               
                 Borgo
                 de
                 Parione
              
               ,
               or
               the
               Vianomentana
               ,
               a
               Church
               built
               with
               stately
               stones
               ,
               beautifyed
               with
               26
               marble
               Collumnes
               and
               a
               descent
               of
               32
               steps
               .
               Near
               it
               stood
               formerly
               a
               Monastery
               now
               fallen
               
               to
               the
               ground
               ,
               first
               deserted
               for
               the
               intemperate
               Ayr.
               In
               it
               was
               layed
               the
               body
               of
               St.
               
                 Agnese
                 anno
              
               114●…
               .
               It
               s
               Porticue
               was
               built
               by
               Cardinal
               Iulius
               Nephew
               of
               Sixtus
               the
               4th
               .
               N●…r
               this
               stands
               a
               Church
               dedicated
               by
               Alexander
               the
               4th
               .
               
                 S.
                 Costanza
              
               Daughter
               of
               Constantine
               the
               Emperour
               :
               Which
               was
               formerly
               dedicated
               to
               Bacchus
               ,
               as
               is
               collected
               from
               a
               Porphyr
               Tomb
               yet
               remaining
               there
               ,
               upon
               which
               are
               carved
               certain
               Children
               treading
               of
               grapes
               .
               It
               s
               form
               is
               round
               ;
               It
               hath
               24
               Marble
               Pillars
               ,
               and
               is
               politely
               wrought
               
                 alla
                 Mosaica
              
               .
            
             
               
                 Sant
                 '
                 Alberto
                 nell'Esquillie
              
               .
            
             
               
                 Sant
                 '
                 Alessio
                 nell'Aventino
              
               ,
               formerly
               the
               Temple
               of
               Hercules
               a
               Conquerour
               .
               In
               this
               Church
               is
               preserved
               the
               pair
               of
               Staier●…
               ,
               under
               which
               in
               his
               Fathers
               house
               .
               that
               Saint
               lived
               unknown
               for
               some
               time
               ●…n
               it
               likewise
               Vicenza
               Cardinal
               Gonzaga
               lies
               buried
               .
            
             
               
                 Sant
                 '
                 Ambrosio
              
               ,
               of
               Masina
               in
               Rome
               or
               the
               high
               street
               of
               
                 Sant
                 '
                 Angelo
              
               ,
               and
               another
               of
               the
               same
               in
               
                 Campo
                 Martio
              
               .
            
             
               
                 Sant
                 '
                 Anastasia
              
               at
               the
               foot
               of
               Mount
               Palatine
               ,
               in
               the
               Street
               
                 Harenu
                 la
              
               :
               This
               was
               a
               Temple
               of
               
                 Equestrian
                 Neptune
              
               ,
               whom
               they
               also
               styled
               Conscio
               ,
               for
               that
               they
               believed
               him
               a
               God
               knowing
               of
               secrets
               .
            
             
               
                 Santo
                 Anastasio
              
               ,
               in
               the
               street
               A●…deatine
               ,
               near
               to
               
                 Tre
                 Fontana
              
               the
               three
               Fountains
               .
            
             
               
                 Santo
                 Andrea
                 della
                 colonna
              
               ,
               in
               the
               street
               
                 Trevio
                 de
                 Ania
              
               near
               the
               Palace
               of
               the
               
                 Savelli
                 .
                 Dalla
                 Tavenula
              
               between
               the
               hills
               Celio
               ,
               and
               
                 Esquilino
                 Delle
                 Fratte
                 dalle
                 Barche
              
               ,
               on
               the
               Banks
               of
               the
               
                 Tyber
                 .
                 De
                 gli
                 Orsi
              
               ,
               in
               the
               Harenula
               .
               In
               Montucna
               ,
               at
               the
               foot
               of
               the
               Capitolino
               .
               In
               Nazareno
               in
               the
               Harenula
               .
               In
               Paliura
               in
               the
               Palatino
               .
               In
               Portogallo
               .
               In
               Statera
               ,
               at
               the
               Foot
               of
               the
               Capitolino
               .
               In
               Transtevere
               in
               the
               Vaticano
               ,
               in
               
                 Piazzo
                 Siena
              
               ,
               which
               hath
               a
               rich
               Chapel
               of
               the
               
                 Rusellai
                 .
                 Santo
                 Angelo
                 nel
                 Foro
                 Bovare
              
               in
               the
               Fish
               market
               ,
               heretofore
               a
               Temple
               of
               Mercury
               in
               Dioclesians
               hott
               Baths
               ;
               was
               dedicated
               by
               Pius
               the
               4th
               .
               to
               the
               blessed
               Virgin
               and
               the
               Angels
               ,
               near
               it
               is
               a
               Cloyster
               for
               the
               Carthusian
               Fryers
               supported
               by
               100.
               
               Pillars
               .
               In
               it
               lies
               buried
               the
               said
               Pius
               the
               4th
               .
               
                 Bocca
                 ,
                 Scorbellone
                 :
                 Francesco
                 Alciato
                 :
              
               and
               Simonetto
               Cardinal
               
                 S.
                 Angelo
              
               ,
               of
               
                 Mozarella
                 nel
                 Monte
                 Giordano
              
               .
            
             
               
                 Santa
                 Anna
              
               ,
               in
               the
               
                 Flaminian
                 Circe
              
               ,
               and
               under
               the
               Viminale
               .
            
             
               
                 Sant
                 '
                 Antonio
              
               in
               
                 Portogallo-Di
                 Pado●…a
              
               ,
               in
               the
               
                 Valle
                 Martia
                 .
                 Nel
                 Esquilino
              
               ,
               where
               at
               the
               festival
               of
               Saint
               Anthony
               ,
               they
               drive
               all
               their
               Beasts
               and
               Sheep
               up
               near
               to
               the
               Altar
               ,
               that
               they
               may
               afterwards
               be
               protected
               against
               the
               danger
               of
               Diseases
               and
               Wolves
               .
               Near
               to
               it
               stands
               the
               Hospital
               restored
               by
               Pius
               the
               4th
               .
               a
               Millanese
               .
            
             
               
                 Santo
                 Apollinare
              
               ,
               formerly
               the
               Temple
               of
               
                 Apollo
                 ,
                 Iulius
              
               the
               third
               joyned
               to
               it
               the
               Colledge
               of
               the
               Germans
               .
               Near
               it
               stood
               the
               house
               of
               
                 Mark
                 Antony
              
               the
               triumvir
               .
            
             
               
                 Li
                 santi
                 Apostoli
                 XII
              
               .
               in
               Trivio
               ,
               here
               reside
               the
               Fryers
               Conventuals
               of
               Saint
               Francis
               :
               The
               Inscription
               on
               a
               Marble
               stone
               assures
               us
               ,
               t
               was
               built
               by
               Constantine
               the
               Great
               ,
               afterwards
               ruined
               by
               the
               Hereticks
               ,
               and
               then
               restored
               by
               Pelagius
               and
               Giovanni
               the
               Popes
               .
               Wherein
               are
               the
               Graves
               and
               Tombs
               of
               the
               great
               Cardinal
               
                 Niceno
                 Bessarione
              
               ,
               the
               Tusculan
               Bishop
               ,
               and
               Constantinopolitan
               Patriark
               .
               Of
               Cardinal
               
                 Pietro
                 Savonese
              
               .
               Of
               
                 Bartolomeo
                 ,
                 Cameriero
                 Beneventano
              
               ,
               the
               Divine
               aud
               Lawyer
               .
               Of
               
                 Cornelius
                 Mussus
              
               Bishop
               of
               Bittonto
               the
               Prince
               of
               Preachers
               
                 Li
                 Santi
                 Apostoli
                 XII
              
               .
               in
               the
               Vatican
               .
            
             
               
                 Santo
                 Augustino
                 in
                 Campo
                 Martio
              
               a
               convent
               of
               the
               Austin
               Fryers
               ,
               
               Herein
               lies
               the
               body
               of
               
                 Santa
                 Monica
              
               the
               Mother
               of
               Saint
               Austin
               a
               Father
               and
               Doctor
               of
               the
               Church
               with
               these
               Verses
               .
               
                 
                   Hic
                   Augustini
                   sanctam
                   venerare
                   parentem
                   ,
                
                 
                   Votaque
                   fer
                   tumulo
                   quo
                   jacet
                   illa
                   sacro
                   .
                
                 
                   Quo
                   quondam
                   grato
                   ,
                   toti
                   nunc
                   Monica
                   mundo
                
                 
                   Succurrat
                   ,
                   precibus
                   prestet
                   opemque
                   suis.
                   
                
              
            
             
               This
               Saint
               Austin
               was
               Bishop
               of
               Hippo
               in
               Alexandria
               ,
               a
               man
               of
               a
               most
               profound
               wit
               ,
               and
               learning
               ,
               and
               of
               a
               most
               holy
               and
               religious
               life
               .
               And
               these
               Austine
               Fryers
               observe
               his
               institutes
               of
               life
               living
               in
               comon
               ,
               serving
               God
               day
               and
               night
               ,
               and
               are
               tyed
               by
               the
               vows
               of
               poverty
               ,
               Chastity
               and
               Obedience
               .
               The
               Cardinals
               Burdegalense
               and
               Verallo
               ly
               buried
               in
               this
               Church
               .
            
             
               
                 Santa
                 Bibiana
              
               in
               
                 Monte
                 Aventino
              
               .
               Here
               stood
               the
               Baths
               of
               Anthony
               ,
               
               and
               the
               Palace
               of
               Licinius
               .
            
             
               
                 Santa
                 Barbara
              
               in
               the
               high
               Street
               Pigna
               was
               formerly
               a
               Temple
               of
               Venus
               in
               the
               Pompeyan
               Theatre
               .
            
             
               
                 San
                 Bart●…lomeo
              
               of
               the
               Island
               in
               Transtevere
               ,
               was
               heretofore
               a
               Temple
               of
               Iupiter
               ,
               or
               as
               some
               say
               of
               AEsculapius
               .
               Now
               is
               there
               a
               Convent
               of
               Franc●…scans
               called
               Zoccolanti
               ,
               from
               their
               going
               on
               wooden
               pattons
               and
               an
               ancient
               In●…cription
               in
               stone
               to
               the
               God
               
                 Semone
                 Sanco
              
               ,
               here
               also
               lyes
               the
               body
               of
               Saint
               Bartholomew
               .
            
             
               
                 San
                 Basilio
              
               ,
               in
               the
               
                 Foro
                 di
                 Nerva
              
               .
            
             
               
                 San
                 Benedetto
              
               ,
               in
               the
               
                 Piazza
                 Catinara
              
               ,
               and
               in
               the
               
                 Piazza
                 Madama
              
               .
            
             
               
                 San
                 Bernardo
              
               near
               the
               Pillar
               ,
               and
               Baths
               of
               Trajan
               the
               Emperour
               .
            
             
               
                 San
                 Biagio
              
               ,
               in
               the
               
                 Campo
                 Martio
                 ,
                 della
                 Tinta
              
               ,
               on
               the
               Bank
               of
               Tiber.
               Here
               stood
               the
               Temple
               of
               Neptune
               ,
               wherein
               such
               as
               were
               delivered
               from
               Shipwrack
               ,
               used
               to
               hang
               up
               a
               Tablet
               with
               the
               story
               of
               their
               danger
               and
               manner
               of
               deliverance
               painted
               and
               described
               in
               it
               :
               
                 Dell
                 ▪
                 Anello
              
               in
               the
               Road
               
                 Pigna
                 della
                 Fossa
              
               ,
               as
               you
               come
               from
               the
               
                 Esquilino
                 ,
                 delle
                 Coltre
              
               in
               the
               Campitello
               .
            
             
               
                 Santa
                 Bibiana
              
               ,
               in
               the
               Esquilie
               .
            
             
               
                 San
                 Bonifacio
              
               in
               Aventino
               ,
               at
               present
               called
               
                 Sant●…
                 Alessio
              
               .
            
             
               
                 Santa
                 Brigide
              
               in
               the
               Street
               Harenula
               .
            
             
               
                 Santa
                 Cecilia
              
               in
               Transtevere
               for
               Nuns
               .
               In
               this
               Church
               is
               the
               body
               
               of
               this
               holy
               Virgin
               with
               many
               other
               bodies
               of
               Saints
               ,
               honoured
               with
               great
               devotion
               ,
               and
               translated
               from
               
                 Campo
                 Martio
              
               ,
               by
               Cardinal
               
                 Paulo
                 Emilio
                 Sfondrato
              
               Nephew
               of
               Gregory
               the
               14th
               .
            
             
               
                 San
                 Cesario
              
               in
               the
               Road
               
                 di
                 Ripa
              
               ,
               excellently
               repaired
               by
               Pope
               Clement
               the
               8th
               .
            
             
               
                 La
                 Chiesa
                 de'Cartusiani
              
               ,
               or
               Carthusians
               ,
               which
               is
               called
               
                 Santa
                 Maria
                 delli
                 Angeli
              
               .
            
             
               
                 Santa
                 Catharina
              
               ,
               in-the
               
                 Flaminian
                 Circ
              
               ,
               now
               
                 delli
                 Funari
                 della
                 Rot●…
              
               and
               
                 il
                 Borgo
                 Novo
              
               .
            
             
               
                 San
                 Celso
              
               ,
               near
               the
               Bridge
               ,
               Castello
               in
               Banchi
               .
            
             
               
                 San
                 Crisogonio
                 in
                 Transtevere
              
               :
               wherein
               stands
               the
               Tomb
               and
               Epitaph
               of
               
                 Girolamo
                 Alexandro
              
               a
               most
               learned
               Doctor
               ,
               and
               of
               
                 David
                 Uviliano
              
               ,
               or
               Evelyn
               an
               English
               Oratour
               .
            
             
               
                 Santo
                 Clemente
              
               in
               
                 Monte
                 Celio
              
               :
               here
               lies
               the
               body
               of
               Pope
               Clement
               the
               Martyr
               ,
               conveighed
               to
               Rome
               from
               Chersona
               a
               City
               of
               Pontus
               :
               as
               as
               also
               of
               Cardinal
               
                 Vincenso
                 Laureo
              
               .
            
             
             
               
                 Santa
                 Costanza
              
               ,
               in
               the
               Street
               Nomentana
               ,
               This
               is
               conjectured
               to
               have
               been
               a
               Temple
               of
               Bacchus
               ,
               for
               a
               Monument
               yet
               appearing
               of
               Porphyr
               stone
               .
            
             
               
                 Santi
                 Cosino
              
               and
               Damiano
               ,
               in
               the
               
                 Via
                 sacra
              
               ,
               so
               called
               for
               that
               the
               South-sayers
               used
               to
               pass
               that
               way
               ;
               This
               was
               formerly
               the
               Temple
               of
               Romulus
               and
               Remus
               .
               In
               it
               are
               the
               Tombs
               of
               Crescentius
               ,
               and
               
                 Grudone
                 Pisano
              
               ,
               with
               the
               Epitaphs
               in
               verse
               .
            
             
               
                 San
                 Cosmo
              
               ,
               under
               the
               Gianicolo
               .
               Antiently
               the
               Temple
               dedicated
               to
               Fortune
               :
            
             
               
                 Santa
                 Elizabetta
              
               in
               Parione
               .
               
            
             
               
                 Santa
                 Enfemia
              
               in
               Esquilie
               .
            
             
               
                 Santo
                 Eustachio
              
               near
               the
               Rotonda
               ,
               was
               formerly
               a
               Temple
               of
               the
               good
               —
               ....
            
             
               
                 San
                 Francesco
              
               at
               the
               Foot
               of
               Gianicolo
               ,
               Herein
               is
               the
               sepulchre
               of
               
               Pandolfus
               Count
               of
               Anguillarie
               ,
               who
               when
               100.
               yeers
               old
               became
               a
               Franciscan
               Fryer
               .
            
             
               
                 San
                 Gregorio
              
               ,
               in
               Velabro
               .
            
             
               
                 San
                 Gregorio
              
               ,
               at
               the
               head
               of
               the
               
                 Ponte
                 fabritio
              
               ,
               and
               in
               
                 Monte
                 Celio
              
               ,
               
               formerly
               a
               Monastery
               of
               the
               Germans
               and
               Flemings
               ,
               but
               now
               of
               Fryers
               .
               Here
               stood
               antiently
               the
               house
               of
               
                 San
                 Gregory
              
               the
               first
               Pope
               ,
               and
               here
               they
               yet
               shew
               the
               Table
               ,
               whereat
               he
               dayly
               sed
               a
               great
               number
               of
               poor
               Persons
               ,
               as
               in
               his
               life
               wrote
               by
               
                 Giovani
                 Diacone
              
               is
               set
               forth
               &
               here
               lies
               Cardinal
               Lomelino
               a
               Genovese
               Many
               Epitaphs
               of
               Florentines
               are
               here
               set
               up
               ,
               and
               of
               
                 Edoardo
                 Carno
              
               ,
               and
               
                 Roberto
                 Veramo
              
               two
               English
               Knights
               both
               Lawyers
               ,
               who
               being
               driven
               out
               of
               their
               Countrey
               for
               defending
               the
               Catholick
               Religion
               ,
               came
               to
               Rome
               to
               finish
               their
               days
               in
               the
               peace
               of
               the
               Lord
               :
               As
               also
               of
               
                 Antonio
                 Valle
              
               of
               Barcellona
               ,
               And
               of
               one
               Statius
               a
               Poet
               ,
               who
               wrote
               with
               Virgil
               ,
               as
               may
               be
               collected
               from
               this
               Epitaph
               .
               
                 
                   Statius
                   hîc
                   Situs
                   est
                   ,
                   juvenem
                   quem
                   Cipris
                   Ademit
                
                 
                   Praecocem
                   ▪
                   AEneae
                   carmine
                   quòd
                   premeret
                   ,
                
                 
                   Statio
                   ,
                   Statio
                   F.
                   Dulciss
                   .
                
                 
                   Christophora
                   M.
                   Pientiss
                   .
                   P.
                
                 
                   Vixit
                   .
                   Ann.
                   XXXIII
                   .
                
              
            
             
               
                 San
                 Girolamo
              
               ,
               near
               the
               
                 Corte
                 Savella
              
               ,
               here
               the
               Oratorians
               ,
               a
               Religious
               Order
               ,
               instituted
               with
               great
               piety
               by
               Saint
               
                 Philippus
                 Nerius
              
               a
               Florentine
               Priest
               in
               the
               last
               age
               ,
               who
               from
               this
               Oratory
               of
               St.
               Hierome
               took
               their
               name
               ,
               for
               that
               it
               was
               the
               place
               frequented
               by
               them
               for
               their
               exercises
               of
               Catechising
               and
               preaching
               .
               whose
               number
               is
               greatly
               increased
               by
               his
               Disciples
            
             
               
                 San
                 Giacomo
              
               in
               
                 Circo
                 Flaminio
              
               :
               This
               is
               an
               Hospital
               for
               Spaniards
               ,
               divers
               Epitaphs
               of
               which
               Nation
               are
               there
               inscribed
               ,
               with
               the
               memorials
               of
               
                 Bartolomeo
                 Cuevio
              
               the
               Cardinal
               ,
               and
               of
               Bernardino
               ,
               Bishop
               of
               Cordona
               .
               In
               it
               is
               the
               Pourtray
               of
               
                 Pietro
                 Ciocconio
              
               ,
               a
               Priest
               of
               Toledo
               ,
               who
               had
               most
               happy
               success
               to
               his
               labour
               in
               amending
               the
               Books
               of
               holy
               and
               prophane
               writers
               
                 Degli
                 incurabili
                 .
                 Scossa
                 cavallo
              
            
             
               
                 San
                 Giovanni
                 Battista
              
               in
               
                 Monte
                 Celio
                 .
                 San
                 Giovanni
                 Evangelista
              
               before
               the
               
                 Porta
                 Latina
              
               ,
               in
               
                 Monte
                 Celio
              
               ,
               formerly
               a
               Temple
               of
               
                 Diana
                 ,
                 San
                 Giovanni
                 Colivita
              
               in
               the
               Isola
               :
               supposed
               an
               antient
               Temple
               of
               
                 AEsculapius
                 Nel
                 Fonte
                 in
                 Monte
                 Celio
                 ;
                 Nel
                 Laterano
                 ,
              
               one
               of
               the
               seaven
               principal
               Churches
               before
               spoken
               of
               .
               In
               Dola
               ,
               upon
               
                 Monte
                 CelioNell'Oglio
              
               before
               the
               
                 Porta
                 latina
                 .
                 Del
                 Mercatello
                 al
                 Campi
                 doglio
                 ,
                 De
                 Malna
              
               
               in
               
                 Transtavere
                 .
                 Della
                 Pigna
              
               ,
               in
               the
               high
               Street
               Pigna
               .
            
             
               
                 San
                 Giovanni
                 &
                 Paulo
                 nel
                 Monto
                 Celio
                 ,
              
               with
               two
               Lyons
               before
               the
               Door
               .
               The
               one
               holding
               a
               Boy
               between
               his
               Teeth
               ,
               and
               the
               other
               a
               Man
               ,
               in
               it
               is
               one
               Sepulchre
               of
               porphyr
               stone
               .
               Here
               antiently
               was
               the
               
                 Curia
                 Hostilia
              
               .
            
             
               
                 San
                 Gioseffo
              
               in
               the
               street
               Pigna
               .
            
             
               
                 San
                 Giuliano
              
               in
               the
               Esquilino
               .
            
             
               Sant'Iuo
               in
               the
               
                 Campo
                 Martio
              
               appertaining
               to
               the
               Biertoni
               .
               
            
             
               
                 San
                 Lorenzo
              
               near
               a
               Fish
               Market
               ,
               
                 Nel
                 Viminale
                 .
                 Nel
                 Gianicolo
                 ▪
                 ,
              
               antiently
               
               a
               Temple
               of
               
                 Iuno
                 Lucina
              
               ,
               here
               lyes
               Cardinal
               
                 Francesco
                 Gonzaga
              
               .
               In
               
                 Fonte
                 nella
                 Valle
                 Esquilina
              
               .
               In
               Miranda
               in
               the
               
                 Foro
                 Romano
              
               .
               In
               Palispirna
               on
               the
               hill
               Viminale
               ,
               wherein
               is
               inscribed
               an
               Epitaph
               of
               Cardinal
               
                 Guglielmo
                 Sirleto
              
               ,
               the
               most
               quaint
               in
               the
               Greek
               language
               ,
               here
               stood
               the
               Palace
               of
               Decius
               the
               Emperour
               .
               In
               Damaso
               ,
               in
               the
               Pigna
               :
               where
               are
               exposed
               the
               Epitaphs
               of
               
                 Annibal
                 Caro
              
               ,
               the
               most
               elegant
               in
               the
               Tuscan
               language
               .
               Of
               
                 Giacomo
                 Fabia
              
               of
               Parma
               .
               Of
               
                 Pietro
                 Marsa
              
               .
               Of
               
                 Giulio
                 Sadoleto
                 ,
                 Girolamo
                 Ferraro
              
               and
               other
               illustrious
               men
               .
               ▪
               To
               this
               Fabrick
               were
               brought
               the
               Marbles
               sculptures
               and
               other
               ornaments
               of
               the
               
                 Arco
                 Gordiano
              
               .
            
             
               
                 San
                 Leonardo
                 in
                 Carine
              
               .
               In
               Olfeo
               .
               In
               
                 Septi
                 solio
              
               .
               In
               Esquilino
               ,
               and
               
                 S.
                 Leonardo
                 Vecchio
              
               among
               the
               obscure
               shops
               ,
               on
               the
               bankes
               of
               the
               Tyber
               in
               the
               Longara
               .
            
             
               
                 Santa
                 Lucia
              
               ,
               in
               the
               Palace
               :
               heretofore
               the
               Temple
               of
               
                 Apollo
                 Pal●…tino
                 Nelle
                 Botteghe
              
               obscure
               .
               In
               old
               time
               the
               Temple
               of
               Hercules
               ,
               and
               of
               the
               Muses
               .
            
             
               
                 San
                 Lodovico
              
               near
               Novanna
               ,
               the
               Church
               of
               the
               French
               Nation
               adorned
               with
               the
               Epitaphs
               of
               the
               most
               Noble
               Persons
               of
               France
               .
            
             
               
                 Santa
                 Maria
                 Egittiaca
              
               formerly
               the
               Temple
               of
               
                 Fortuna
                 virilis
              
               ,
               wherein
               
               (
               as
               is
               supposed
               )
               then
               stood
               the
               
                 Bucca
                 Veritatis
              
               ,
               a
               marble
               statue
               set
               up
               by
               the
               Romans
               ,
               for
               the
               tryal
               of
               Chastity
               ,
               with
               a
               wide
               mouth
               and
               great
               lips
               :
               A
               daughter
               of
               
                 Volateranus
                 Regulus
              
               to
               prove
               her
               Virginity
               unpolluted
               (
               being
               accused
               for
               that
               crime
               )
               put
               her
               hand
               in
               its
               mouth
               and
               withdrew
               it
               without
               hurt
               :
               another
               Damosel
               making
               the
               same
               tryal
               ,
               being
               unchast
               ,
               had
               her
               right
               hand
               bit
               off
               by
               the
               Statue
               .
               
                 Santa
                 Maria
                 del
                 animam
                 Parione
              
               ,
               a
               stately
               Church
               wherein
               the
               Germans
               ,
               and
               Flemings
               reside
               and
               assist
               the
               necessitous
               Pilgrimes
               of
               those
               Nations
               .
               In
               it
               is
               an
               Image
               of
               the
               Virgine
               Mary
               with
               these
               Verses
               .
               
                 
                   Partus
                   ,
                   &
                   integritas
                   discordes
                   tempore
                   longo
                
                 
                   Virginis
                   in
                   gremio
                   Foedera
                   pa●…is
                   habent
                   .
                
              
            
             
               On
               the
               left
               hand
               of
               the
               great
               Altar
               stands
               a
               Sepulchre
               of
               Adrian
               the
               4th
               .
               (
               made
               by
               Cardinal
               Eutcefora
               )
               who
               was
               the
               only
               person
               that
               could
               say
               he
               had
               created
               another
               Pope
               in
               his
               own
               life
               time
               .
               On
               the
               right
               the
               costly
               Tombe
               of
               Carlo
               Prince
               of
               Cleves
               ,
               who
               dyed
               in
               the
               yeer
               of
               Iubilee
               1575
               the
               13th
               .
               of
               February
               with
               the
               universal
               sorrow
               of
               all
               good
               men
               ,
               but
               chiefly
               of
               Gregorie
               the
               13th
               .
               
                 Stephano
                 Pighio
              
               ,
               wrote
               his
               life
               with
               that
               learned
               Book
               entitled
               
                 Ercole
                 Prodicio
              
               with
               the
               Epitaphs
               of
               
                 Francesco
                 Foresto
                 ,
                 Giovanni
                 Roseto
              
               and
               other
               noble
               and
               excellent
               men
               .
            
             
               
                 Santa
                 Maria
              
               in
               Araceli
               ,
               on
               the
               Capitolino
               ,
               formerly
               a
               Temple
               of
               
                 Iupiter
                 
                 Ferenius
              
               ,
               now
               a
               Convent
               of
               the
               Zoccolanti
               ,
               or
               Franciscans
               ,
               In
               it
               are
               many
               antient
               Epitaphs
               :
               and
               an
               Altar
               supported
               by
               four
               lovely
               Pillars
               ,
               T
               is
               the
               Church
               for
               the
               Senate
               and
               People
               of
               Rome
               ,
               embellished
               with
               the
               ornaments
               of
               the
               Temple
               of
               Quirinus
               :
               and
               is
               ascended
               unto
               by
               one
               hundred
               twenty
               four
               steps
               .
            
             
               
                 Santa
                 Maria
                 Aventina
              
               ,
               on
               the
               hill
               Aventino
               formerly
               the
               Temple
               of
               the
               
                 Dea
                 bona
              
               ,
               or
               good
               Goddess
               .
               Here
               may
               be
               read
               the
               lamentation
               of
               a
               woman
               slain
               by
               her
               Husband
               .
               
                 Santa
                 Maria
                 de
                 ▪
                 Cacabary
                 in
                 Pigna
                 Santa
                 Maria
                 in
                 campo
                 santo
                 ,
              
               in
               the
               Vally
               Vaticano
               ,
               wherein
               some
               Epitaphs
               are
               legible
               .
            
             
               
                 Santa
                 Maria
                 nel
                 Campidoglio
              
               ,
               antiently
               the
               Temple
               of
               
                 Iupiter
                 Capitolinus
                 Nella
                 Capell●…
              
               beyond
               the
               Tevere
               or
               Tyber
               .
               In
               Candelorio
               ,
               in
               the
               street
               Saint
               
                 Angelo
                 ,
                 della
                 concettione
              
               ,
               the
               Conception
               ,
               in
               
                 Monte
                 Celio
                 .
                 Nel
                 Velabro
              
               ,
               formerly
               a
               Temple
               .
               of
               Hercules
               .
               In
               Dominica
               ,
               on
               Mount
               Celio
               ,
               where
               were
               the
               Aqueducts
               of
               
                 Caracalla
                 .
                 Nel
                 Esquilino
              
               ,
               in
               
                 circo
                 Flaminio
              
               ,
               in
               times
               past
               the
               Temple
               of
               Isis
               ,
               In
               corte
               under
               the
               
                 Campidoglio
                 Liberatione
                 dell'inferno
              
               ,
               sometime
               a
               Temple
               of
               
                 Iupiter
                 Stator
              
               in
               
                 foro
                 Romano
                 .
                 Di
                 Loreto
                 Delle
                 Febre
              
               in
               old
               time
               the
               Temple
               of
               
                 Mars
                 ,
                 Della
                 Consolatione
              
               and
               
                 Della
                 Gratie
              
               ,
               where
               formerly
               stood
               the
               Temple
               of
               Vesta
               between
               the
               Capitolinum
               and
               Palatinum
               ,
               there
               the
               Vestal
               Virgins
               guarded
               the
               sacred
               Fire
               ,
               and
               the
               Palladium
               ,
               which
               was
               a
               woodden
               Image
               of
               Pillars
               with
               rouling
               Eyes
               ,
               brought
               by
               AEneas
               from
               Troy
               (
               when
               fired
               )
               into
               Italy
               with
               his
               other
               houshold
               Gods
               ,
               and
               was
               by
               him
               snatched
               out
               of
               the
               fired
               Temple
               .
            
             
               
                 Santa
                 Maria
                 sopra
                 Minerva
              
               so
               called
               for
               that
               this
               was
               a
               Temple
               of
               Minerva
               ,
               at
               present
               the
               Fathers
               Dominicans
               possess
               it
               ,
               and
               a
               Colledge
               for
               Theology
               founded
               by
               the
               Bishop
               of
               Cutcha
               .
               In
               it
               are
               the
               Tombes
               and
               Epitaphs
               of
               Leo
               the
               10th
               .
               and
               Paul
               the
               4th
               .
               with
               many
               others
               among
               which
               the
               Chief
               are
               of
               
                 Pietro
                 Bembo
              
               ,
               of
               
                 Giovanni
                 Morone
              
               who
               was
               thirteen
               several
               times
               Legatus
               a
               Latere
               for
               the
               Pope
               ,
               and
               President
               of
               the
               Councel
               of
               Trent
               ,
               and
               of
               
                 Giovanni
                 Torrecremata
              
               ,
               who
               be
               queathed
               a
               large
               Revenue
               for
               mariage
               Portions
               for
               Virgins
               ,
               which
               are
               solemnized
               yeerly
               in
               the
               Popes
               presence
               on
               the
               Festival
               of
               the
               Anunciation
               ,
               In
               it
               also
               are
               the
               ashes
               of
               
                 Egidio
                 Foscari
              
               ,
               Bishop
               of
               Modena
               ,
               who
               in
               the
               Councel
               of
               Trent
               was
               styled
               the
               Greater
               Light
               :
               Of
               
                 Sylvester
                 Aldobrandino
              
               ,
               Father
               of
               Clement
               the
               8th
               .
               of
               
                 Giovanni
                 Annio
              
               ,
               the
               Historian
               and
               of
               many
               other
               eminent
               Fathers
               :
               As
               also
               the
               body
               of
               
                 Santa
                 Catarina
              
               of
               Siena
               ,
               and
               the
               Epitaph
               of
               
                 Guglielmo
                 Durando
              
               ,
               Bishop
               of
               Numata
               ,
               who
               composed
               a
               Book
               entitled
               ,
               
                 Rationale
                 Divinorum
                 Officiorum
              
               ,
               with
               other
               volumes
               of
               the
               Law.
               
            
             
               In
               the
               said
               Temple
               was
               erected
               the
               first
               Fryery
               of
               the
               
                 sancto
                 sacramento
              
               by
               
                 Thomaso
                 Stella
              
               a
               Preacher
               :
               and
               
                 Michael
                 Angelo
                 Buonarota
              
               was
               the
               inventor
               of
               the
               Tabernacle
               for
               keeping
               the
               consecrated
               Eucharist
               .
               Before
               the
               Door
               of
               the
               Church
               stand
               the
               Tombes
               of
               
                 Tomaso
                 di
                 Vio
              
               ,
               and
               
                 Giovanni
                 Badia
              
               Cardinals
               and
               of
               
                 Paulo
                 Manutio
              
               the
               Elegant
               ,
               who
               for
               all
               his
               Fame
               ,
               ran
               the
               same
               Fate
               with
               Pompey
               the
               Great
               ,
               who
               living
               filled
               the
               world
               with
               his
               glory
               ,
               and
               dead
               no
               Epitaph
               nor
               memorial
               remains
               of
               him
               ,
               but
               we
               find
               there
               this
               Epitaph
               of
               
                 Raphael
                 Stantio
              
               a
               Painter
               of
               Urbin
               ,
               though
               much
               less
               renowned
               than
               the
               preceding
               .
               
                 
                 
                   Hic
                   situs
                   est
                   R●…phael
                   timuit
                   qu●…
                   sospite
                   uinci
                
                 
                   Rerum
                   mag●…
                   paren●…
                   ,
                   &
                   m●…riente
                   ,
                   mori
                   .
                
                 
                   Patria
                   Roma
                   fuit
                   ,
                   Gens
                   Portia
                   ,
                   nomen
                   〈◊〉
                
                 
                   Mars
                   puerum
                   insti●…it
                   ,
                   Mors
                   I●…venem
                   rapuit
                   .
                
              
            
             
               
                 Santa
                 Maria
                 de'Miracoli
              
               in
               
                 Monte
                 Gordiano
                 Di
                 〈◊〉
              
               ,
               in
               the
               street
               St.
               
                 E●…stachio
                 Di
                 Mont
                 ferrato
              
               the
               Church
               of
               the
               Catalo●…ians
               ,
               in
               Mo●…ticelli
               ,
               in
               the
               
                 Herenula
                 Della
                 Navicella
              
               ,
               in
               
                 Monte
                 Celio
                 ,
                 Nova
              
               ,
               in
               the
               
                 Foro
                 Romano
              
               formerly
               a
               Temple
               of
               the
               Sun
               and
               Moon
               ,
               now
               enjoyed
               by
               the
               Monks
               of
               
                 Mount
                 Olivet
                 .
                 Annonciata
              
               the
               Colledge
               of
               the
               Jesuists
               .
               
                 Della
                 Pace
              
               ,
               the
               dwelling
               of
               the
               Canon
               Regulars
               ,
               therein
               stand
               a
               Tomb
               of
               
                 Marco
                 Musuro
              
               a
               Learned
               Candiot
               with
               this
               Epitaph
               .
               
                 
                   
                     M●…sure
                     ,
                     ò
                     mansure
                     parum
                     ,
                     properata
                     t●…listi
                  
                   
                     Praemia
                     ,
                     namque
                     cito
                     tradita
                     ,
                     rapta
                     cit●…
                     ,
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Antonius
                     Amiternus
                     Marco
                     Musuro
                     Cretensi
                     ,
                     erectae
                  
                   
                     diligentiae
                     Gramatico
                     ,
                     &
                     rarae
                     felicitatis
                     poetae
                     ,
                     posuit
                     .
                  
                
              
            
             
               Here
               are
               the
               Tombs
               of
               
                 Capa
                 ferro
              
               ,
               and
               Mignanello
               Cardinals
               ,
               and
               this
               Epitaph
               of
               
                 Iulius
                 Saturnus
              
               
                 
                   Patris
                   eram
                   quondam
                   spes
                   ,
                   &
                   sola●…en
                   Iulus
                
                 
                   Nunc
                   Desideri●…m
                   mori●…us
                   &
                   l●…rimae
                
              
            
             
               
                 Santa
                 Maria
                 delle
                 Paline
              
               ,
               in
               the
               
                 Viae
                 Appia
              
               formerly
               a
               Temple
               of
               Saturn
               and
               Opes
               where
               they
               shew
               a
               saphyr
               brought
               from
               Heaven
               by
               the
               Angels
               ,
               wherein
               the
               Virgines
               Image
               was
               cut
               as
               they
               say
               by
               the
               life
               in
               Heaven
               .
            
             
               
                 Santa
                 Maria
                 del
                 P●…polo
              
               near
               the
               
                 Por●…a
                 Flaminia
              
               ,
               before
               which
               Pope
               Sixtus
               the
               5th
               .
               erected
               an
               Obelisk
               .
               T
               is
               a
               Convent
               of
               the
               Austine
               Fryers
               the
               Popes
               give
               license
               for
               the
               People
               to
               pay
               their
               devotions
               here
               while
               violent
               he●…ts
               continue
               instead
               of
               Saint
               Sebastian
               which
               stands
               a
               good
               distance
               without
               the
               Walls
               .
               In
               it
               are
               many
               fair
               Chapels
               ,
               and
               Tombs
               of
               many
               Cardinals
               particularly
               of
               
                 Hermol●…o
                 Barbaro
              
               Patriark
               of
               Aquileia
               with
               this
               Epitaph
               .
               
                 
                   Barbariem
                   Hermolaos
                   Latio
                   qui
                   depulis
                   omnem
                
                 
                   Barbar●…s
                   hic
                   situ●…
                   est
                   ,
                   vtr
                   aque
                   lingua
                   gemit
                
                 
                   Urbs
                   Ve●…etum
                   vitam
                   ,
                   m●…rtem
                   dedit
                   inclyta
                   Roma
                
                 
                   Non
                   potuit
                   ●…asci
                   clarius
                   ,
                   atque
                   mori
                   .
                
              
            
             
               On
               the
               ground
               this
               sad
               complaint
               of
               one
               that
               dyed
               upon
               an
               inconsiderable
               hurt
               may
               be
               read
               
                 
                   Hospes
                   disce
                   novum
                   mortis
                   genus
                   ;
                   improba
                   felis
                
                 
                   Du●…
                   trahitur
                   ,
                   digitum
                   mordet
                   ,
                   &
                   intereo
                   .
                
              
            
             
               
                 Santa
                 Maria
                 di
                 Portogallo
              
               at
               the
               end
               of
               the
               Suburbs
               .
               In
               Pust●…la
               .
               In
               publicolis
               ,
               near
               the
               Palace
               of
               the
               
                 Signoro
                 Santa
                 Croce
                 .
                 Al
                 Presepe
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 Santa
                 Maria
                 Rotonda
              
               ,
               so
               called
               from
               its
               orbicular
               form
               .
               A
               Temple
               
               formerly
               dedicated
               to
               all
               the
               Gods
               ,
               and
               to
               their
               Mother
               ,
               and
               built
               in
               a
               round
               figure
               ,
               to
               the
               end
               the
               Gods
               might
               not
               fall
               out
               for
               precedency
               of
               place
               ,
               for
               that
               they
               seigned
               their
               Gods
               would
               not
               give
               place
               to
               one
               another
               .
               Thermes
               refusing
               it
               to
               Iupiter
               .
               Now
               this
               Church
               is
               consecrated
               to
               the
               blessed
               Virgin
               and
               all
               the
               Saints
               .
               T
               is
               a
               most
               noble
               Fabrick
               ,
               built
               by
               
                 Vespatia●…s
                 Agrippa
              
               ,
               who
               was
               three
               times
               Consul
               ,
               as
               by
               the
               Inscription
               appears
               .
               This
               by
               the
               most
               skilfull
               Artizans
               in
               Architecture
               ,
               and
               chiefly
               by
               
                 Lodovicus
                 Domontiorius
              
               ,
               in
               his
               book
               intitled
               :
               
                 Gallus
                 Hospes
                 in
                 Urbe
              
               ,
               is
               held
               for
               an
               Idea
               ,
               Example
               and
               Pattern
               of
               true
               Architecture
               :
               T
               is
               of
               a
               cross
               figure
               as
               broad
               as
               high
               :
               the
               Roof
               was
               formerly
               covered
               with
               Sylver
               plates
               ,
               but
               Constantine
               the
               Nephew
               of
               Heraclius
               ,
               took
               them
               with
               the
               other
               ornaments
               of
               the
               City
               away
               ,
               instead
               whereof
               Martin
               the
               7th
               .
               overlayed
               it
               with
               Lead
               :
               It
               hath
               but
               one
               window
               ,
               which
               is
               at
               the
               very
               top
               ,
               and
               admits
               as
               much
               light
               as
               is
               necessary
               :
               in
               antient
               time
               it
               had
               7
               steps
               of
               Ascent
               into
               it
               ,
               now
               it
               hath
               eleven
               of
               descent
               ,
               a
               good
               argument
               to
               what
               heighth
               this
               City
               is
               raised
               by
               its
               ruines
               .
               It
               s
               noble
               Porticue
               is
               sustained
               ,
               by
               four
               great
               pillars
               ,
               with
               beams
               and
               Gates
               of
               Brass
               .
               The
               Great
               Altar
               is
               opposite
               to
               the
               Door
               .
               On
               the
               wall
               appears
               the
               head
               of
               the
               Mother
               of
               God.
               The
               ascent
               to
               the
               Top
               is
               by
               100
               steps
               .
               Before
               the
               Church
               stands
               a
               great
               Vessel
               of
               Numidian
               Marble
               ,
               square
               at
               top
               but
               bellyed
               like
               a
               Bee-hive
               .
               Near
               which
               were
               two
               Lyons
               with
               AEgyptian
               Letters
               ,
               and
               a
               round
               Vessel
               of
               the
               same
               Marble
               .
               In
               it
               is
               the
               subsequent
               Epitaph
               of
               
                 Tadeo
                 Zaccaro
              
               ,
               a
               Pointer
               ,
               contemporary
               with
               
                 Raphael
                 d
                 ▪
                 Urbino
              
               ,
               the
               Prince
               of
               the
               Painters
               of
               later
               Ages
               ,
               who
               we
               formerly
               said
               ,
               lyes
               buried
               in
               
                 Santa
                 Maria
                 sopra
                 Minerva
              
               .
               
                 
                   Magna
                   quod
                   in
                   magno
                   timuit
                   Raph●…ele
                   ,
                   per-aeque
                
                 
                   Thadaeo
                   in
                   magno
                   pertimuit
                   genitrix
                   .
                
              
            
             
               
                 Santa
                 Maria
                 Scala
                 Caeli
              
               ,
               without
               the
               
                 Porta
                 Ostiense
              
               ,
               where
               10000
               :
               Persons
               were
               Martyred
               :
               t
               is
               called
               
                 Scala
                 Caeli
              
               ,
               because
               St.
               Bernard
               there
               praying
               for
               the
               Souls
               of
               the
               dead
               ,
               had
               an
               appearance
               of
               a
               Ladder
               from
               the
               Earth
               to
               heaven
               ,
               upon
               which
               he
               saw
               some
               Souls
               ascend
               into
               Paradise
               .
               
                 Del
                 Sole
              
               under
               
                 Monte
                 Tarpeio
                 della
                 Strada
              
               near
               the
               
                 Portico
                 Corinthio
              
               ,
               and
               the
               Campidoglio
               now
               denominated
               
                 Del
                 nome
                 di
                 Giesu
              
               A
               noble
               Church
               built
               by
               Cardinal
               
                 Alessandro
                 Farnese
              
               ,
               for
               the
               Jesuits
               ,
               wherein
               himself
               is
               interred
               .
               In
               Transtevere
               .
               Here
               in
               the
               time
               of
               Angustus
               gushed
               out
               in
               a
               common
               Inn
               a
               spring
               or
               source
               of
               Oyl
               ,
               which
               continued
               running
               for
               one
               whole
               day
               ,
               presaging
               that
               a
               short
               time
               after
               Christ
               the
               source
               and
               fountain
               of
               Mercy
               should
               be
               born
               ,
               Here
               was
               a
               Church
               built
               in
               honour
               of
               the
               Virgin
               Mary
               by
               St.
               Peter
               ,
               which
               by
               succeeding
               High
               Bishops
               was
               adorned
               with
               excellent
               Pictures
               ,
               and
               enriched
               divers
               times
               with
               gold
               and
               silver
               and
               encreased
               in
               bigness
               to
               what
               it
               now
               appears
               .
               In
               it
               are
               the
               Sepulchres
               of
               Stanislao
               Bishop
               of
               Varma
               who
               was
               that
               Polack
               Cardinal
               Praefect
               of
               the
               Tridentine
               Councel
               and
               the
               scourge
               of
               the
               Hereticks
               .
            
             
               Of
               Cardinal
               Campeggio
               ,
               and
               Altemps
               a
               man
               of
               great
               Dispatch
               .
               Transportina
               in
               Borgo
               in
               old
               time
               the
               Temple
               of
               Adrian
               the
               Emperour
               ,
               wherein
               St.
               Peter
               and
               St
               Paul
               were
               scourged
               .
               In
               
                 Via
                 Lata
              
               the
               Church
               of
               the
               Fathers
               Servients
               ,
               where
               under
               ground
               many
               Trophees
               and
               Triumphal
               
               Images
               have
               been
               found
               .
               In
               it
               lyes
               buried
               Cardinal
               
                 Vitellotio
                 Vitelli
              
               :
               Here
               St.
               Luke
               wrote
               the
               Acts
               of
               the
               Apostles
               ,
               
                 Acta
                 Apostolorum
              
               :
               and
               this
               was
               the
               place
               where
               St.
               Paul
               prayed
               .
               
                 Del
                 Trivio
              
               ,
               which
               Church
               was
               restored
               by
               Belisarius
               great
               Captain
               for
               Iustinian
               the
               Emperour
               ,
               as
               appears
               by
               an
               inscription
               on
               a
               stone
               ,
               here
               lyes
               
                 Luigi
                 Cornaro
              
               ,
               and
               others
               ,
               it
               appertains
               to
               the
               
                 Padri
                 Croicchieri
              
               ,
               the
               crutched
               Fryers
               .
            
             
               
                 Santa
                 Maria
              
               in
               Vinea
               in
               the
               descent
               from
               
                 Monte
                 Tarpeio
              
               .
               In
               
                 Via
                 delle
                 Virgini
              
               ,
               amplifyed
               by
               
                 Pietro
                 Donato
              
               a
               Cardinal
               therein
               enterred
               ,
               where
               also
               
                 San
                 Philippo
                 Nerio
              
               ,
               accounted
               one
               of
               the
               Saints
               of
               Pope
               Gregory
               the
               15
               his
               Family
               ,
               setled
               his
               order
               of
               Oratories
               ,
               which
               was
               a
               true
               School
               for
               well
               living
               .
            
             
               
                 Santa
                 Maria
                 Magdalena
              
               ,
               in
               the
               stree
               Colonna
               ,
               Between
               the
               Hill
               
                 Santa
                 Trinita
              
               ,
               and
               the
               
                 Tyber
                 .
                 Nel
                 Quirinale
              
               ,
               where
               is
               a
               Monastery
               of
               Nuns
               governed
               by
               the
               Predicatory
               ,
               instituted
               by
               
                 Maddalena
                 Orsina
              
               .
            
             
               
                 San
                 Mauro
              
               in
               the
               midst
               of
               the
               Jesuits
               Colledge
               :
               Near
               this
               Church
               is
               an
               Obelisk
               which
               though
               small
               ,
               appears
               glorious
               through
               the
               Hierogliphicks
               carved
               on
               it
               ,
               here
               lies
               
                 Pietro
                 Giglio
              
               a
               great
               Schollar
               who
               dyed
               anno
               1555
               whose
               Tombe
               Georgio
               Cardinal
               of
               Armignac
               caused
               to
               be
               built
               as
               to
               his
               familiar
               friend
               .
            
             
               
                 San
                 Marcello
                 nella
                 Via
                 Lata
              
               ,
               was
               a
               Temple
               of
               Isis
               ,
               in
               it
               are
               the
               Fryers
               Servients
               ,
               in
               it
               are
               buried
               the
               Cardinals
               
                 Mercurio
                 ,
                 Dandino
              
               ,
               and
               Bonuccio
               .
            
             
               
                 San
                 Marco
              
               ,
               wherein
               lies
               
                 Francesco
                 Pisani
              
               a
               Venetian
               Cardinal
               .
            
             
               
                 San
                 Martino
              
               of
               the
               Carmelites
               in
               
                 Monte
                 Esquilino
              
               ,
               where
               Cardinal
               
                 Diomede
                 Caraffa
              
               is
               buried
               .
            
             
               
                 Santa
                 Martina
              
               in
               the
               
                 Foro
                 Romano
              
               ,
               antiently
               a
               Temple
               of
               
                 Mars
                 Ultor
              
               .
            
             
               
                 Santa
                 Margarita
              
               at
               the
               Foot
               of
               the
               Esquilino
               .
            
             
               
                 San
                 Matteo
              
               in
               Esquilino
               ,
               possessed
               now
               by
               the
               Austin
               Fryers
               ,
               but
               formerly
               by
               the
               crutched
               Fryers
               ,
               which
               Church
               is
               supposed
               to
               be
               the
               house
               of
               their
               first
               Founder
               Saint
               Cletus
               the
               first
               Pope
               ,
               for
               that
               t
               is
               seated
               in
               the
               
                 Borgo
                 Patritio
              
               ,
               where
               he
               was
               born
               :
               which
               having
               consecrated
               he
               gave
               to
               his
               Disciples
               and
               Children
               for
               the
               service
               of
               God.
               
            
             
               
                 San
                 Michael
                 in
                 Borgo
              
               .
            
             
               
                 Santi
                 Nereo
                 &
                 Archielo
              
               near
               the
               Baths
               of
               Antonius
               ,
               formerly
               a
               Temple
               
               of
               Isis
               in
               the
               
                 Via
                 Appia
              
               .
            
             
               
                 San
                 Nicolo
                 in
                 Agone
              
               .
               In
               
                 Archemoni
                 .
                 Acapole
                 Cose
                 .
                 Degli
                 Arcioni
                 .
              
               In
               Carcere
               a
               Ripa
               formerly
               the
               publique
               prison
               .
               In
               Calcaria
               near
               which
               was
               the
               
                 Portico
                 Corinthio
              
               .
            
             
               
                 Sant
                 '
                 Onofrio
              
               in
               Gianicolo
               ,
               where
               lyes
               Cardinal
               Madruccio
               ,
               who
               dyed
               
               the
               day
               of
               his
               creation
               ,
               Cardinal
               
                 Lodovico
                 Madruzzi
              
               ,
               Nephew
               of
               the
               first
               Cardinal
               Sega
               ,
               a
               Bolonian
               ,
               and
               Tasso
               the
               excellent
               Poet
               .
            
             
               
                 San
                 Pancratio
                 in
                 Gianicolo
              
               ,
               wherein
               is
               a
               Pulpit
               of
               neat
               fair
               porphyr
               ,
               
               &
               underneath
               it
               are
               Grottos
               filled
               with
               the
               bodies
               of
               Martyrs
               :
               Herein
               lies
               Cardinal
               Dersonese
               ,
               and
               near
               it
               was
               slain
               Bourbon
               the
               enemy
               of
               God.
               
            
             
               
                 San
                 Pantaleone
              
               in
               Sebucca
               formerly
               a
               Temple
               dedicated
               to
               the
               Goddess
               Tellus
               ,
               and
               to
               Pasquinus
               .
            
             
             
               San'Paolo
               in
               Regola
               in
               the
               street
               Harenula
               .
            
             
               
                 San
                 Pietro
                 &
                 Marcellino
              
               ,
               heretofore
               the
               Temple
               of
               Quietas
               .
            
             
               
                 San
                 Pietro
                 in
                 carcere
              
               .
               This
               was
               the
               Tulliane
               prison
               ,
               whereof
               Salust
               makes
               mention
               in
               Catalines
               conspiracy
               .
               Diodate
               in
               the
               
                 Via
                 Piamense
                 ,
                 Montorio
              
               in
               the
               Gianicolo
               :
               A
               fair
               Church
               and
               well
               adorned
               ,
               wherein
               is
               the
               fair
               Chapel
               of
               Bradamante
               ,
               endowed
               by
               Ferdinand
               King
               of
               Spain
               ,
               near
               it
               stands
               a
               Convent
               of
               Observants
               of
               Saint
               Francis
               Order
               of
               this
               society
               died
               anno
               1597
               Fryer
               Angelo
               a
               learned
               Spaniard
               ,
               who
               wrote
               a
               great
               Volume
               upon
               the
               Symbol
               or
               Creed
               of
               the
               twelve
               Apostles
               .
               In
               it
               are
               several
               pieces
               of
               
                 Raphael
                 d'Urbino
              
               ,
               and
               
                 Sebastiano
                 Venetiano
              
               ,
               two
               famous
               Painters
               ,
               and
               several
               Tombs
               .
               
                 San
                 Pietro
                 Domine
                 quo
                 vadis
              
               ,
               in
               the
               
                 Via
                 appia
                 Rotonda
              
               ,
               this
               Church
               was
               so
               called
               because
               Saint
               Peter
               ,
               flying
               persecution
               ,
               Christ
               appeared
               to
               him
               ,
               of
               whom
               Saint
               Peter
               demanded
               whither
               he
               was
               going
               in
               these
               words
               
                 Domine
                 quo
                 vadis
              
               ?
               to
               whom
               Christ
               answered
               I
               am
               going
               to
               Rome
               ,
               that
               I
               may
               there
               be
               once
               more
               crucified
               :
               from
               which
               words
               St.
               Peter
               took
               courage
               ,
               and
               returned
               to
               Rome
               ,
               where
               he
               was
               afterwards
               crucified
               ,
               and
               his
               head
               set
               on
               high
               .
               
                 S.
                 Pietro
              
               in
               vincula
               ;
               where
               the
               Chains
               wherewith
               Saint
               Peter
               was
               bound
               in
               Ierusalem
               and
               in
               Rome
               ,
               are
               sanctimoniously
               preserved
               ,
               as
               also
               the
               Bodies
               of
               the
               Maccabei
               and
               a
               part
               of
               the
               Cross
               of
               
                 Sant
                 Andrea
              
               ,
               whose
               head
               is
               kept
               i●…
               
                 San
                 Pietro
              
               in
               the
               Vatican
               ,
               being
               sent
               by
               an
               Emperour
               of
               Constantinople
               to
               the
               Pope
               ,
               and
               the
               rest
               of
               his
               Body
               is
               in
               the
               Kingdom
               of
               Naples
               :
               This
               Church
               hath
               one
               stupendious
               Altar
               :
               and
               brasen
               Doors
               ,
               wherein
               the
               passions
               of
               Saint
               Peter
               are
               excellently
               represented
               :
               Under
               the
               Sepulchre
               of
               Pope
               Giulio
               the
               second
               lies
               a
               most
               fair
               statue
               of
               Moyses
               the
               Captain
               of
               the
               Hebrews
               ,
               the
               workmanship
               of
               
                 Michael
                 Angelo
              
               ,
               of
               Florence
               .
               Many
               other
               memorable
               things
               are
               shewed
               in
               this
               Church
               .
               In
               the
               Convent
               is
               a
               Palme
               tree
               which
               alone
               in
               Rome
               produceth
               seasonable
               and
               ripe
               Fruit
               :
               Here
               lies
               buried
               the
               Cardinals
               
                 Nicolo
                 Cusano
                 ,
                 Sadoleto
              
               ,
               and
               Rovero
               ,
               the
               walls
               present
               some
               inscriptions
               of
               the
               old
               Gentiles
               .
               Some
               other
               things
               will
               be
               related
               of
               this
               Church
               in
               the
               third
               dayes
               Journey
               .
            
             
               
                 San
                 Peregrina
                 alla
                 porta
                 pertura
              
               ,
               whence
               that
               Burge
               takes
               name
               .
            
             
               
                 Santa
                 Prossede
              
               in
               the
               Esquilino
               ,
               built
               by
               Pope
               Pasquale
               the
               1st
               .
               wherein
               stands
               the
               Pillar
               to
               which
               our
               Saviour
               was
               bound
               when
               scourged
               ,
               conveighed
               from
               the
               Eastern
               parts
               by
               Cardinal
               
                 Giovanni
                 Colonna
              
               :
               and
               here
               Saint
               Peter
               dwelt
               .
               At
               the
               Altar
               are
               six
               Pillars
               of
               Porphyr
               and
               two
               of
               black
               Marble
               with
               white
               spots
               .
               In
               it
               are
               many
               bodies
               of
               Saints
               reposed
               ,
               and
               in
               the
               midst
               is
               a
               hollow
               with
               a
               grate
               over
               it
               ,
               wherein
               Prascede
               squeazed
               the
               blood
               of
               the
               Martyrs
               ,
               which
               he
               had
               sucked
               up
               with
               spunges
               in
               divers
               places
               :
               About
               400.
               yeers
               agoe
               the
               Monks
               of
               
                 Valle
                 Umbrosa
              
               resided
               here
               .
            
             
               
                 Santa
                 Prisca
                 in
                 Monte
                 Aventino
              
               ,
               antiently
               a
               Temple
               dedicated
               to
               Hercules
               .
            
             
               
                 Santa
                 Prudentiana
              
               in
               the
               Viminale
               :
               here
               they
               shew
               that
               stone
               upon
               which
               the
               bloudy
               Host
               appeared
               ,
               while
               a
               Priest
               misdoubted
               the
               holy
               Sacrament
               at
               the
               Altar
               .
               This
               is
               the
               most
               antient
               Church
               of
               Rome
               and
               said
               to
               be
               the
               place
               where
               Saint
               Peter
               celebrated
               Mass
               :
               here
               ly
               the
               bodies
               of
               3000.
               
               Martyrs
               and
               a
               venerable
               Vessel
               for
               their
               bloodThe
               
                 penitentiary
                 Dominicans
              
               inhabite
               there
               :
               and
               the
               Monks
               of
               Saint
               Bernard
               .
               Cardinal
               Gaetano
               a
               noble
               Roman
               ,
               who
               built
               a
               stately
               Chapel
               
               in
               it
               ,
               and
               Cardinal
               
                 Radzivil
                 Lima●…o
              
               (
               a
               good
               patriot
               of
               the
               Catholick
               Religion
               though
               born
               of
               Heretick
               parents
               )
               ly
               buried
               there
               .
            
             
               
                 Santi
                 Quaranta
                 Martini
              
               ,
               commended
               by
               Saint
               Bassilia
               in
               a
               sermon
               .
               
            
             
               
                 Santi
                 Quatro
                 Coronati
              
               in
               
                 Monte
                 Celio
              
               .
            
             
               
                 Santi
                 Quirico
                 &
                 Giulita
              
               in
               the
               Suburbs
               .
            
             
               
                 San
                 Rocco
                 nella
                 Martia
              
               .
               
            
             
               
                 S.
                 Rufina
              
               beyond
               the
               Tyber
               ,
               and
               at
               Saint
               
                 Giova●…
                 Laterano
              
               .
            
             
               
                 Santa
                 Sabina
              
               in
               
                 Monte
                 Aventino
              
               ,
               the
               first
               Residence
               of
               the
               Popes
               ,
               is
               
               now
               of
               the
               Dominican
               Fryers
               :
               here
               they
               shew
               the
               stone
               which
               the
               Devil
               in
               vain
               cast
               at
               Saint
               Dominick
               with
               intention
               to
               kill
               him
               ,
               before
               the
               Door
               of
               this
               Church
               stands
               the
               greatest
               Urn
               of
               one
               stone
               in
               Rome
               .
               Here
               they
               keep
               the
               Reliques
               of
               Pope
               Alexander
               of
               Quentius
               and
               Theodulus
               the
               Martyrs
               :
               Of
               
                 Sabina
                 and
                 Seroffia
              
               the
               Virgin
               all
               Martyred
               under
               Adrian
               the
               Emperour
               
                 anno
                 Christi
              
               133
               ▪
               and
               here
               layed
               up
               by
               Eugenius
               the
               4th
               .
               anno
               822.
               who
               is
               likewise
               enterred
               here
               with
               an
               Epitaph
               in
               heroick
               verse
               ,
               as
               are
               the
               Cardinals
               Bartano
               and
               Tiano
               ,
               Here
               grows
               yet
               a
               Pomgranat
               tree
               planted
               by
               Saint
               Dominick
               with
               the
               assistance
               of
               
                 San
                 Giacinto
              
               ,
               which
               the
               Romans
               through
               devotion
               despoil
               of
               all
               Leaves
               and
               Fruit
               the
               first
               day
               of
               Lent
               ,
               the
               Pope
               and
               Prelates
               coveting
               of
               its
               Leaves
               which
               they
               wear
               .
               Here
               Saint
               Dominick
               gave
               the
               first
               Rise
               to
               his
               Order
               ,
               and
               vested
               
                 San
                 Giacinto
              
               in
               his
               Religious
               Order
               and
               habite
               ,
               where
               he
               had
               many
               Visions
               of
               Angels
               .
            
             
               
                 Santo
                 Sabba
                 Abbate
              
               in
               Aventino
               ;
               where
               ariseth
               a
               stately
               great
               Sepulchre
               ,
               believed
               to
               be
               of
               
                 Titus
                 Vespasian
              
               .
            
             
               
                 San
                 Salvadore
                 del
                 Campo
              
               in
               the
               
                 Strada
                 Giulia
                 ,
                 Di
                 Laurane
                 in
                 Monte
                 Melie
                 Di
                 Copelle
              
               in
               the
               Precinct
               
                 Colonna
                 del
                 Lauro
              
               ,
               near
               
                 Monte
                 Giordino
              
               ,
               which
               belongs
               to
               the
               noble
               Family
               Orsini
               ,
               who
               with
               the
               Maltei
               ly
               there
               buried
               .
               
                 Dal
                 Portico
              
               under
               the
               
                 Rupe
                 Tarpeia
              
               .
               In
               Massime
               ,
               a
               Temple
               first
               dedicated
               to
               
                 Iove
                 ,
                 Minerva
              
               ,
               and
               Iuno
               ly
               
                 M.
                 Pulvi●…ius
                 Statera
              
               .
               dedicated
               to
               Saturn
               in
               the
               
                 Campi
                 doglio
                 ,
                 Delle
                 Stufe
                 Della
                 Pietra
                 ,
              
               a
               Temple
               of
               the
               Goddess
               Piety
               in
               old
               time
               .
               
                 De
                 Pedemonte
                 .
                 Delle
                 tre
                 Imagini
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 San
                 Spirito
              
               in
               Vaticano
               beyond
               Tiber
               ,
               where
               stands
               that
               rich
               Hospital
               so
               worthy
               consideration
               where
               Cardinal
               
                 Remnano
                 Francesco
              
               is
               enterred
               .
            
             
               
                 San
                 Sebastiano
              
               and
               Fabiano
               :
               of
               which
               is
               said
               in
               the
               description
               of
               the
               7
               principal
               Churches
               .
            
             
               
                 San
                 Sergio
                 &
                 Bacco
              
               in
               the
               Campidoglio
               formerly
               a
               Temple
               of
               Concord
               .
            
             
               
                 San
                 Simeone
              
               in
               the
               high
               street
               
                 Ponte
                 ▪
              
            
             
               
                 San
                 Sisto
              
               in
               the
               
                 Piscina
                 inferna
              
               of
               old
               Temple
               of
               Vertue
               and
               Honour
               .
               Herein
               Saint
               Dominick
               raised
               a
               defunct
               ,
               named
               Napuleone
               from
               the
               dead
               ▪
               and
               wrote
               many
               other
               miracles
               :
               Here
               the
               first
               Nuns
               congregated
               ,
               from
               a
               general
               separation
               over
               Rome
               :
               but
               they
               were
               translated
               into
               a
               more
               salubrious
               Ayr.
               It
               being
               extream
               nau
               seous
               .
            
             
               
                 San
                 Staniflao
              
               ,
               A
               Church
               of
               the
               Polanders
               .
            
             
               
                 San
                 Stephano
              
               of
               the
               
                 Hungari●…s
                 .
                 Rotondo
                 in
                 Monte
                 Celio
                 ,
              
               formerly
               a
               Temple
               of
               Faunus
               ,
               but
               now
               a
               Colledge
               of
               the
               Germans
               ,
               round
               which
               is
               drawd
               the
               Triumphes
               of
               the
               holy
               Martyres
               ,
               
                 Nel
                 foro
                 Boario
              
               .
               A
               temple
               of
               the
               Goddess
               Vesta
               ,
               In
               
                 Via
                 Giulia
              
               .
               In
               
                 Silice
                 ,
                 Dell
                 Frullo
              
               near
               the
               Porticue
               of
               Anthony
               .
            
             
             
               
                 Santa
                 Susanna
                 ,
                 in
                 Monte
                 Quirinale
                 :
              
               where
               stands
               a
               fair
               Brasen
               Cistern
               and
               Vessel
               filled
               with
               holy
               water
               .
            
             
               
                 San
                 Silvestro
              
               in
               Colonna
               .
               A
               
                 Santiquaro
                 .
                 Nel
                 Quirinale
              
               dedicated
               by
               Clement
               the
               7th
               .
               anno
               1524
               :
               wherein
               the
               Cardinals
               
                 Rebiba
                 ,
                 Antonio
                 Caraffa
              
               ,
               and
               
                 Francesco
                 Cornaro
              
               ly
               buried
               .
               Beyond
               the
               Tyber
               near
               the
               Arch
               of
               Domitian
               .
            
             
               
                 San
                 Tomasa
                 in
                 Monte
                 Celio
                 nel
                 Rione
                 Harenula
                 ,
                 nella
                 Via
                 Iulia
              
               in
               Parione
               .
            
             
               
                 San
                 Theodoro
              
               at
               the
               foot
               of
               
                 Monte
                 Palatino
              
               antiently
               the
               Temple
               of
               Romulus
               and
               Remus
               or
               as
               others
               say
               of
               
                 Pan
                 and
                 Bacchus
              
               .
            
             
               
                 Santa
                 Trinita
                 de
                 monti
              
               ,
               built
               by
               Lewis
               the
               11th
               .
               King
               of
               France
               by
               the
               Council
               of
               Saint
               Francis
               ,
               appertains
               to
               the
               Minimes
               who
               are
               near
               all
               French.
               In
               it
               are
               buried
               
                 Rodolfo
                 Pio
                 :
                 Crasso
              
               and
               Bellay
               Cardinals
               :
               
                 Lueretia
                 della
                 Rovere
              
               Niece
               to
               Giulius
               the
               second
               ,
               and
               
                 Marco
                 Moreto
              
               a
               most
               eloquent
               Oratour
               with
               this
               Epitaph
               .
               
                 
                   Hic
                   Marci
                   caros
                   cineres
                   Roma
                   inclyta
                   servat
                
                 
                   Quos
                   patria
                   optasset
                   Gallia
                   habere
                   sinu
                   .
                
                 
                   Stat
                   colle
                   hortorum
                   tumulus
                   ,
                   stat
                   proximus
                   astris
                   .
                
                 
                   Quae
                   propius
                   puro
                   contigit
                   ille
                   animo
                   .
                
                 
                   Tu
                   sacros
                   larices
                   lacrimis
                   asperge
                   Viator
                   .
                
                 
                   Et
                   dic
                   ,
                   heu
                   lingua
                   hic
                   fulmina
                   fracta
                   jacent
                   :
                
              
            
             
               
                 Santa
                 Trinita
              
               of
               the
               English.
               This
               is
               a
               Colledge
               of
               English
               Catholicks
               ,
               whence
               divers
               have
               been
               transmitted
               into
               England
               ,
               who
               were
               there
               martyred
               by
               the
               (
               
                 ut
                 aiunt
              
               ,
               )
               Hereticks
               .
               Herein
               lies
               Cardinal
               Allen
               who
               took
               a
               voluntary
               banishment
               from
               his
               own
               Countrey
               :
               and
               employed
               the
               rest
               of
               his
               days
               in
               great
               Labour
               and
               pains
               in
               defence
               of
               the
               Catholick
               Faith.
               
            
             
               
                 San
                 Trisone
              
               near
               
                 Sant
                 Agostino
              
               .
            
             
               
                 San
                 Valentino
              
               in
               the
               
                 Circo
                 Flaminio
              
               .
            
             
               
                 San
                 Vitale
              
               in
               the
               Quirinale
               ,
               lately
               repaired
               and
               now
               governed
               by
               the
               Jesuits
               .
            
             
               
                 San
                 Vito
                 nel
                 Riouo
                 del
                 Ponte
              
               wherein
               lyes
               
                 Carlo
                 Visconte
              
               a
               Cardinal
               .
            
          
           
             
               The
               Officers
               of
               the
               Popes
               Palace
               .
            
             
               THe
               Popes
               Court
               exceeding
               that
               of
               any
               other
               Christian
               Prince
               his
               Officers
               also
               be
               many
               .
               Which
               is
               governed
               with
               such
               Order
               .
               That
               not
               only
               the
               meaner
               persons
               but
               also
               the
               Cardinals
               (
               whose
               dignity
               is
               equal
               to
               that
               of
               Kings
               )
               travel
               not
               forth
               the
               City
               without
               license
               first
               obtained
               .
            
             
               The
               number
               of
               Cardinals
               is
               not
               praefixt
               ,
               but
               left
               to
               the
               will
               of
               the
               Pope
               :
               forty
               of
               them
               at
               least
               ,
               being
               alwaies
               obliged
               to
               reside
               in
               Rome
               :
               where
               also
               many
               Arch
               Bishops
               and
               Bishops
               are
               constantly
               present
               .
            
          
           
             
             
               In
               the
               Popes
               family
               are
               the
               persons
               under
               written
               .
            
             
               
                 
                   
                     
                       AUditori
                       di
                       rota
                    
                     .
                  
                   
                     AUditors
                     of
                     the
                     Roll
                  
                   
                     12.
                     
                  
                
                 
                   
                     
                       Chierici
                       di
                       Camera
                    
                     .
                  
                   
                     Clerks
                     of
                     the
                     Chamber
                  
                   
                     7.
                     
                  
                
                 
                   
                     
                       Auditor
                       di
                       Camera
                    
                     .
                  
                   
                     Auditor
                     of
                     the
                     Chamber
                  
                   
                     1.
                     
                  
                
                 
                   
                     
                       Comissario
                       di
                       Camera
                    
                     .
                  
                   
                     Comissary
                     of
                     the
                     Chamber
                  
                   
                     1.
                     
                  
                
                 
                   
                     
                       Maestro
                       del
                       sacro
                       Pallazzo
                    
                     .
                  
                   
                     Controuler
                     of
                     the
                     holy
                     Palace
                  
                   
                     1.
                     
                  
                
                 
                   
                     
                       Comissario
                       Generale
                       del
                       santo
                       Officio
                    
                     .
                  
                   
                     The
                     General
                     Commissary
                     of
                     the
                     holy
                     Office.
                     
                  
                   
                     1.
                     
                  
                
                 
                   
                     
                       Reggente
                       del
                       Cancellaria
                    
                     .
                  
                   
                     The
                     Ruler
                     of
                     the
                     Chancery
                     :
                  
                   
                     1.
                     
                  
                
                 
                   
                     
                       Protonotorii
                       Apostolici
                    
                     .
                  
                   
                     Apostolick
                     Prothonotaries
                  
                   
                     7.
                     
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Subdiaconi
                     .
                  
                   
                     Subdeacons
                     .
                  
                   
                     6.
                     
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Accoliti
                     .
                  
                   
                     Resolute
                     Men
                  
                   
                     8.
                     
                  
                
                 
                   
                     
                       Secretarii
                       Apostolici
                    
                     .
                  
                   
                     Apostolick
                     secretaries
                  
                   
                     8.
                     
                  
                
                 
                   
                     
                       Corretto
                       di
                       Cancellaria
                    
                     .
                  
                   
                     The
                     Punisher
                     for
                     the
                     Chancery
                  
                   
                     1.
                     
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Summista
                     .
                  
                   
                     A
                     Summist
                  
                   
                     1.
                     
                  
                
                 
                   
                     
                       De
                       Consueti
                    
                     .
                  
                   
                     Observers
                     of
                     the
                     Rules
                  
                   
                     1.
                     
                  
                
                 
                   
                     
                       Abbreviatori
                       minori
                    
                     .
                  
                   
                     Less
                     Abbreviators
                  
                   
                     12.
                     
                  
                
                 
                   
                     
                       Custo
                       di
                       de
                       Cancellaria
                    
                     .
                  
                   
                     Keeper
                     of
                     the
                     Chancery
                  
                   
                     1.
                     
                  
                
                 
                   
                     
                       Secretorio
                       delle
                       Cedole
                    
                     .
                  
                   
                     Secretary
                     of
                     the
                     Docquets
                  
                   
                     1.
                     
                  
                
                 
                   
                     
                       Hostiario
                       di
                       Cancellaria
                    
                     .
                  
                   
                     The
                     Hostia
                     keeper
                     of
                     the
                     Chancery
                  
                   
                     1.
                     
                  
                
                 
                   
                     
                       Scritttori
                       Apostolici
                    
                     .
                  
                   
                     Apostolick
                     writers
                  
                   
                     101
                  
                
                 
                   
                     
                       Camierieri
                       Apostolici
                    
                     .
                  
                   
                     Apostolick
                     Grooms
                     of
                     the
                     Chamber
                  
                   
                     60.
                     
                  
                
                 
                   
                     
                       Scudieri
                       Vivandieri
                       Apostolici
                    
                     .
                  
                   
                     Querries
                     of
                     the
                     stable
                     or
                     Vianders
                     .
                  
                   
                     140.
                     
                  
                
                 
                   
                     
                       Cavalieri
                       di
                       St.
                       Pietro
                    
                     .
                  
                   
                     Knights
                     of
                     St.
                     Peter
                  
                   
                     400.
                     
                  
                
                 
                   
                     
                       Cavalieri
                       di
                       St.
                       Paulo
                    
                     .
                  
                   
                     Knights
                     of
                     St.
                     Paul
                  
                   
                     22.
                     
                  
                
                 
                   
                     
                       Scrittori
                       di
                       Brevi
                    
                     .
                  
                   
                     Writers
                     of
                     Briefs
                  
                   
                     81.
                     
                  
                
                 
                   
                     
                       Procuratori
                       di
                       Penitentiaria
                    
                     .
                  
                   
                     Proctors
                     of
                     the
                     Office
                     Penitentiaria
                  
                   
                     24.
                     
                  
                
                 
                   
                     
                       Scrittori
                       di
                       Penitentiaria
                    
                     .
                  
                   
                     Writers
                     in
                     the
                     office
                     Penitentiaria
                  
                   
                     29.
                     
                  
                
                 
                   
                     
                       Correttori
                       di
                       Piombo
                    
                     .
                  
                   
                     The
                     stampers
                     of
                     the
                     Leaden
                     Seal
                  
                   
                     104
                  
                
                 
                   
                     
                       Correttorio
                       di
                       Penitentiaria
                    
                     .
                  
                   
                     The
                     Stampers
                     of
                     the
                     Office
                     Penitentiaria
                  
                   
                     11.
                     
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Solicitatori
                     .
                  
                   
                     Pursevants
                  
                   
                     100.
                     
                  
                
                 
                   
                     
                       Correttori
                       del
                       Archivio
                    
                     .
                  
                   
                     Overseers
                     of
                     the
                     Arches
                     or
                     spiritual
                     Court
                  
                   
                     10.
                     
                  
                
                 
                   
                     
                       Scrittori
                       del
                       Archivio
                    
                     .
                  
                   
                     Writers
                     in
                     the
                     Arches
                     or
                     spiritual
                     Court
                  
                   
                     10.
                     
                  
                
                 
                   
                     
                       Secretarii
                       delle
                       Bolle
                       Salaciate
                    
                     .
                  
                   
                     Secretary
                     of
                     the
                     Pensionary
                     Buls
                  
                   
                     8
                  
                
                 
                   
                     
                       Registratori
                       del
                       istesse
                       Bolle
                    
                     .
                  
                   
                     Registers
                     of
                     the
                     said
                     Bulls
                  
                   
                     4
                  
                
                 
                   
                     
                       Maestri
                       delle
                       Bolle
                       Registrate
                    
                     .
                  
                   
                     Masters
                     of
                     the
                     registred
                     Bulls
                  
                   
                     4
                  
                
                 
                   
                     
                     
                       Auditore
                       delle
                       contradette
                    
                     .
                  
                   
                     Hearers
                     of
                     differences
                  
                   
                     14.
                     
                  
                
                 
                   
                     
                       Maestri
                       delle
                       Suppliche
                    
                     .
                  
                   
                     Masters
                     of
                     Requests
                  
                   
                     4.
                     
                  
                
                 
                   
                     
                       Chierici
                       delle
                       suppliche
                    
                     .
                  
                   
                     Clerks
                     of
                     the
                     Requests
                  
                   
                     6.
                     
                  
                
                 
                   
                     
                       Notari
                       della
                       Camera
                       Apostolica
                    
                     .
                  
                   
                     Notaries
                     of
                     the
                     Apostolick
                     Chamber
                  
                   
                     9.
                     
                  
                
                 
                   
                     
                       Scrittori
                       del
                       Registro
                       delle
                       supliche
                    
                     .
                  
                   
                     Writers
                     in
                     the
                     Registry
                     of
                     Requests
                     .
                  
                   
                     20.
                     
                  
                
                 
                   
                     
                       Notari
                       del
                       Auditor
                       della
                       Camera
                    
                     .
                  
                   
                     Notaries
                     for
                     the
                     Auditor
                     of
                     the
                     Chamber
                  
                   
                     10.
                     
                  
                
                 
                   
                     
                       Notari
                       di
                       Rota
                    
                     .
                  
                   
                     Notaries
                     of
                     the
                     Rouls
                  
                   
                     48.
                     
                  
                
                 
                   
                     
                       Notari
                       del
                       Vicario
                       del
                       Papa
                    
                     .
                  
                   
                     Notaries
                     of
                     the
                     Popes
                     Viccar
                  
                   
                     4.
                     
                  
                
                 
                   
                     
                       Notari
                       del
                       Governatore
                       civile
                    
                     .
                  
                   
                     Notaries
                     of
                     the
                     civil
                     Magistrat
                  
                   
                     11.
                     
                  
                
                 
                   
                     
                       Notaro
                       de
                       maleficii
                    
                     .
                  
                   
                     Notary
                     of
                     Offences
                  
                   
                     1.
                     
                  
                
                 
                   
                     
                       Notaro
                       di
                       Cancellaria
                    
                     .
                  
                   
                     Notary
                     of
                     the
                     Chancery
                  
                   
                     1.
                     
                  
                
                 
                   
                     
                       Presidenti
                       di
                       Ripa
                    
                     .
                  
                   
                     Presidents
                     of
                     the
                     Bench
                  
                   
                     141.
                     
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Portionarii
                     .
                  
                   
                     Partakers
                  
                   
                     612.
                     
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Corsori
                     .
                  
                   
                     Apparitors
                  
                   
                     19.
                     
                  
                
                 
                   
                     
                       Servatori
                       d'Arme
                    
                     .
                  
                   
                     Keepers
                     of
                     the
                     Arms
                  
                   
                     24.
                     
                  
                
                 
                   
                     
                       Verghe
                       Rosse
                    
                     .
                  
                   
                     Red
                     Rodds
                  
                   
                     24.
                     
                  
                
                 
                   
                     
                       Catene
                       nel
                       Sacro
                       Pallazzo
                    
                     .
                  
                   
                     Chains
                     in
                     the
                     sacred
                     Pallace
                     .
                  
                   
                     71.
                     
                  
                
                 
                   
                     
                       Porte
                       di
                       ferro
                    
                     .
                  
                   
                     Gates
                     of
                     Iron
                  
                   
                     26.
                     
                  
                
                 
                   
                     
                       Cavalli
                       leggieri
                       communemente
                    
                     .
                  
                   
                     Light
                     horses
                     comonly
                  
                   
                     100.
                     or
                     200.
                     
                  
                
                 
                   
                     Bombardieri
                     .
                  
                   
                     Gunners
                  
                   
                     300.
                     
                  
                
              
            
             
               Switzers
               ,
               or
               Germans
               for
               guarding
               the
               Gates
               of
               the
               Popes
               Pallace
               ,
               of
               whom
               200.
               or
               300.
               alwaies
               keep
               Sentinel
               .
            
             
               Pope
               Gregory
               the
               13th
               :
               in
               tenn
               yeers
               of
               his
               Enjoyment
               of
               the
               Pontifical
               Chair
               instituted
               nineteen
               Seminaries
               or
               Colledges
               for
               all
               Nations
               in
               Rome
               ,
               for
               the
               benefit
               and
               propagation
               of
               the
               Catholick
               Faith
               and
               for
               reception
               ,
               as
               well
               as
               Instruction
               of
               such
               as
               abandon
               their
               own
               Countreys
               by
               reason
               of
               persecutions
               .
            
             
               To
               which
               are
               since
               added
               7
               more
               instituted
               by
               Clement
               the
               8th
               .
               and
               others
               .
            
          
           
             
               Of
               the
               Obelisks
               .
               Columnes
               and
               Aqueducts
               of
               ROME
               .
            
             
               THe
               Obelisks
               restored
               erected
               and
               transferred
               by
               Pope
               Sixtus
               the
               5th
               .
               of
               glorious
               memory
               with
               incredible
               expence
               ,
               by
               the
               workmanship
               of
               the
               Inginier
               
                 Domenico
                 Fontana
              
               ,
               and
               consecrated
               to
               the
               most
               holy
               Cross
               are
               these
               .
            
             
               The
               Obelisk
               of
               
                 Tiberius
                 Caesar
              
               standing
               now
               in
               the
               Piazza
               of
               St.
               Peter
               in
               Vaticano
               :
               in
               the
               second
               yeer
               of
               his
               inauguration
               ,
               
                 anno
                 Dom.
              
               1586.
               
            
             
               That
               of
               
                 Augustus
                 Caesar
              
               brought
               from
               AEgypt
               ,
               and
               translated
               from
               
                 San
                 Rocco
              
               to
               
                 Santa
                 Maria
                 Maggiore
              
               is
               not
               engraven
               nor
               carved
               at
               all
               .
            
             
             
               That
               which
               was
               consecrate
               to
               the
               Sun
               transferred
               from
               
                 Circo
                 Massimo
              
               ,
               (
               where
               it
               lay
               on
               the
               ground
               )
               to
               
                 San
                 Giovanni
              
               in
               Laterano
               ,
               is
               carved
               with
               AEgyptian
               characters
               ,
               and
               was
               reared
               the
               third
               year
               of
               his
               Papacy
               ;
               Augustus
               took
               it
               from
               its
               place
               in
               AEgypt
               &
               conveyed
               it
               vpon
               the
               Nilo
               into
               Alexandria
               ,
               where
               imbarquing
               it
               ,
               he
               sent
               it
               by
               sea
               for
               adornment
               of
               Rome
               ,
               which
               he
               sought
               to
               imbellish
               in
               all
               things
               possible
               :
               which
               his
               endeavour
               and
               cost
               caused
               him
               once
               to
               vaunt
               ,
               that
               he
               found
               Rome
               all
               of
               Brick
               ,
               but
               left
               it
               of
               Marble
            
             
               That
               dedicated
               to
               the
               Sun
               by
               Augustus
               in
               
                 Circo
                 Maximo
              
               ,
               being
               drawn
               out
               of
               the
               Ruines
               among
               which
               t
               was
               buried
               ,
               was
               translated
               with
               infinite
               expence
               to
               the
               
                 porta
                 Flaminia
              
               and
               raised
               before
               the
               Church
               
                 S
                 Maria
                 del
                 Popolo
              
            
             
               Besides
               the
               abovenamed
               ,
               divers
               other
               Obelisks
               and
               Pyramides
               are
               yet
               extant
               in
               Rome
               ,
               but
               all
               of
               small
               value
               ,
               except
               that
               which
               was
               newly
               erected
               in
               the
               
                 Piazza
                 Novana
              
               by
               Innocent
               the
               X
               which
               is
               admirable
               ▪
            
             
               We
               gather
               from
               the
               writers
               of
               Antiquity
               that
               formerly
               there
               were
               many
               more
               Obelisks
               in
               Rome
               then
               at
               present
               appear
               .
               Pliny
               the
               time
               of
               Vespasian
               names
               many
               of
               them
               .
               
                 Ammianus
                 Marcellinus
              
               the
               contemporary
               with
               Iulian
               the
               Emperour
               sets
               down
               more
               ,
               but
               
                 P.
                 Victor
              
               commemorates
               to
               the
               number
               of
               42.
               treating
               of
               the
               less
               .
               
                 Andrea
                 Fulvius
                 ,
                 Pietrus
                 ,
                 Angelus
                 ,
                 Burgeus
                 Pigafetta
                 ,
              
               and
               
                 Michael
                 Mercato
              
               ,
               in
               the
               latine
               and
               vulgar
               tongue
               give
               thereof
               most
               ample
               accounts
               .
            
             
               
                 Augustus
                 Caesar
              
               transmitted
               two
               Obelisks
               from
               AEgypt
               to
               Rome
               ,
               at
               the
               time
               he
               overcame
               
                 Marc
                 Anthony
              
               and
               Cleopatra
               ,
               and
               
                 Publius
                 Victor
              
               ,
               reckons
               seaven
               more
               conveighed
               thither
               afterwards
               .
               One
               whereof
               was
               placed
               in
               the
               Gardens
               of
               Salustius
               ,
               which
               took
               up
               all
               the
               space
               and
               the
               vale
               from
               the
               Church
               
                 Santa
                 Susanna
              
               to
               the
               
                 Porta
                 Collina
              
               :
               This
               (
               they
               say
               )
               was
               consecrated
               to
               the
               Moon
               ,
               and
               carved
               with
               Egyptian
               Characters
               ,
               What
               vast
               Vessels
               were
               built
               for
               conveighing
               these
               Pliny
               and
               Ammianus
               discourse
               at
               large
               ,
               and
               one
               they
               say
               had
               300
               mariners
               in
               her
               .
               Now
               let
               us
               speak
               of
               those
               Obelisks
               that
               are
               marked
               with
               AEgyptian
               Characters
               :
               That
               of
               Saint
               Peter
               and
               
                 Santa
                 Maria
                 maggiore
              
               being
               without
               such
               .
            
             
               The
               Obelisk
               before
               Saint
               
                 Giovanni
                 Laterano
              
               ,
               all
               over
               engraved
               with
               Hieroglyphicks
               was
               brought
               as
               asoresaid
               by
               Constantine
               the
               great
               out
               of
               AEgypt
               into
               Alexandria
               and
               erected
               in
               Constantinople
               ,
               and
               thence
               by
               Constantius
               his
               son
               in
               an
               immense
               Galley
               wherein
               were
               300
               Rowers
               at
               the
               Oar
               ,
               to
               Rome
               and
               by
               him
               placed
               in
               the
               
                 Circo
                 Maximo
              
               :
               which
               Sixtus
               the
               5th
               .
               anno
               1588
               with
               incredible
               expence
               removed
               to
               Saint
               
                 Giovanni
                 Laterano
              
               where
               the
               Popes
               used
               formerly
               to
               inhabit
               .
               A
               second
               he
               removed
               from
               the
               
                 Circo
                 Massimo
              
               to
               
                 Santa
                 Maria
                 Maggiore
              
               formerly
               Consecrated
               to
               the
               Sun
               :
            
             
               The
               third
               in
               the
               Vineyard
               of
               the
               great
               Duke
               of
               Tuscany
               ,
               filled
               with
               Hyerogliphicks
               :
               t
               is
               but
               small
               but
               t
               is
               thought
               stood
               in
               the
               
                 Campo
                 Martio
              
               ,
               in
               the
               time
               of
               Tarquine
               the
               proud
               .
            
             
               The
               fourth
               less
               than
               the
               former
               was
               transferred
               from
               the
               Campidoglio
               ,
               by
               
                 Ciriaco
                 Mattei
              
               ,
               and
               stands
               in
               the
               Vineyard
               of
               the
               Mattaei
               who
               had
               it
               of
               the
               gift
               of
               the
               Senat
               and
               people
               of
               Rome
               :
               this
               hath
               some
               small
               Images
               on
               the
               top
               only
               ;
               the
               others
               all
               over
               .
            
             
               There
               is
               another
               lying
               in
               the
               
                 Via
                 Appia
              
               ,
               near
               the
               Sepulchre
               of
               
                 Cecilia
                 Metella
              
               broke
               in
               3
               several
               pieces
               :
               which
               (
               t
               is
               much
               admired
               )
               
               that
               Pope
               Sixtus
               the
               5th
               .
               did
               not
               erect
               as
               well
               as
               the
               ●…est
               :
               nor
               is
               it
               to
               be
               believed
               but
               that
               he
               would
               have
               done
               it
               ,
               had
               not
               death
               interrupted
               this
               and
               his
               other
               designes
               .
               One
               other
               smaller
               Obelisk
               stands
               near
               the
               Jesuits
               Colledge
               .
            
             
               T
               is
               admirable
               that
               upon
               all
               those
               Hierogls
               ▪
               &
               Obelisks
               the
               sign
               of
               the
               Cross
               is
               figured
               :
               which
               might
               happen
               ,
               either
               for
               that
               the
               AEgyptians
               through
               some
               mistery
               honoured
               the
               Cross
               ,
               or
               for
               that
               they
               might
               have
               had
               some
               relation
               touching
               it
               from
               their
               Ancestors
               ,
               and
               yet
               without
               knowing
               the
               signification
               .
               At
               the
               time
               when
               by
               the
               Emperour
               Theodosius
               his
               command
               all
               the
               Idols
               of
               AEgypt
               were
               destroyed
               ,
               On
               the
               Breast
               of
               Serapis
               was
               found
               the
               sign
               of
               the
               Cross
               ,
               whereof
               the
               signification
               being
               enquired
               into
               ,
               the
               Priests
               skilled
               in
               the
               sacred
               misteries
               of
               the
               AEgyptians
               declared
               ,
               that
               they
               understood
               by
               it
               the
               Life
               to
               come
               after
               death
               here
               :
               which
               could
               not
               portend
               other
               ,
               than
               the
               eternal
               beatitude
               whereto
               our
               Saviour
               by
               his
               death
               on
               the
               Cross
               opened
               the
               way
               .
               Thus
               Socrates
               the
               writer
               of
               the
               Ecclesiastick
               Histories
               in
               his
               5th
               .
               Book
               27th
               .
               Chap.
               recounts
               ,
               as
               also
               do
               
                 Russino
                 ,
                 Georgio
                 Cedreno
              
               ,
               and
               Suida
               ,
               in
               their
               writings
               .
               We
               must
               observe
               that
               the
               punishment
               by
               the
               Cross
               in
               those
               dayes
               common
               to
               Malefactors
               was
               taken
               away
               by
               Constantine
               the
               Emperour
               a
               true
               Christian
               ,
               through
               his
               Reverence
               of
               our
               Saviours
               death
               :
               who
               in
               lieu
               thereof
               constituted
               the
               Gallows
               ,
               as
               divers
               Authors
               relate
               :
               Which
               Emperour
               also
               prohibited
               by
               a
               severe
               Law
               ,
               the
               conculcating
               any
               Cross
               upon
               the
               Earth
               Let
               thus
               much
               serve
               touching
               the
               Obelisks
               of
               Rome
               ,
               if
               the
               Reader
               be
               curious
               to
               search
               into
               those
               in
               Constantinople
               and
               other
               places
               (
               the
               discourse
               whereof
               is
               not
               to
               our
               purpose
               )
               let
               him
               peruse
               the
               treatises
               of
               
                 Michael
                 Mercato
                 ,
                 Pietro
                 Bellonio
              
               ,
               and
               
                 Pietro
                 Gillio
              
               ,
               upon
               this
               subject
               .
            
             
               In
               Rome
               also
               are
               3
               famous
               Collumnes
               :
               one
               Called
               Rostrata
               in
               the
               Campidoglio
               erected
               by
               C.
               Duilio
               ,
               after
               the
               Carthaginians
               were
               overcome
               in
               the
               Punick
               War.
               Another
               of
               Trajan
               ,
               which
               Sixtus
               the
               fifth
               dedicated
               to
               St
               ,
               Peter
               :
               and
               that
               of
               Anthony
               which
               the
               same
               Pope
               consecrated
               to
               Saint
               Paul
               in
               anno
               1580.
               
            
             
               
                 The
                 AQUEDUCTS
                 .
              
               
                 
                   TIBERIUS
                   Caesar
                
                 conveighed
                 the
                 Acqua
                 Virgin
                 into
                 the
                 City
                 but
                 the
                 works
                 falling
                 to
                 decay
                 Pope
                 Nicholas
                 the
                 5.
                 in
                 the
                 yeer
                 of
                 Christ
                 1554.
                 and
                 the
                 seaventh
                 of
                 his
                 Papacy
                 restored
                 it
                 to
                 its
                 first
                 beauty
                 as
                 by
                 the
                 Inscription
                 at
                 the
                 
                   Fontana
                   di
                   Trevi
                
                 appears
                 .
              
               
                 Sixtus
                 the
                 5th
                 .
                 brought
                 the
                 
                   Acqua
                   Felice
                
                 into
                 the
                 City
                 ,
                 calling
                 it
                 Felice
                 from
                 his
                 own
                 name
                 before
                 he
                 was
                 advanced
                 to
                 the
                 Pontifical
                 Chair
                 :
                 Other
                 Popes
                 have
                 likewise
                 layed
                 and
                 restored
                 other
                 waters
                 for
                 the
                 Citizens
                 conveniency
                 and
                 delight
                 .
              
            
          
           
             
             
               A
               Guide
               or
               Direction
               for
               the
               most
               convenient
               view
               of
               the
               Antiquities
               of
               ROME
               .
            
             
               WE
               will
               begin
               from
               the
               Vatican
               ,
               chiefly
               in
               favour
               of
               those
               who
               come
               from
               Tuscany
               to
               Rome
               ,
               entring
               by
               the
               
                 Porta
                 Vaticata
              
               ,
               near
               the
               Castle
               Saint
               Angelo
               .
               Here
               ly
               the
               Meadowes
               and
               fields
               of
               Quintius
               or
               as
               others
               say
               of
               Pincius
               at
               this
               day
               called
               Prata
               a
               lovely
               and
               pleasant
               place
               ,
               whither
               the
               youth
               usually
               resort
               for
               Recreation
               .
            
             
               The
               
                 Porta
                 Elia
              
               ,
               called
               vulgarly
               
                 di
                 Castello
              
               leads
               to
               Adrians
               Mole
               ,
               A
               vast
               Pile
               which
               he
               raised
               for
               the
               burying
               place
               for
               himself
               and
               the
               Antonini
               ,
               being
               large
               and
               strong
               ,
               but
               at
               present
               better
               accomodated
               than
               in
               his
               time
               ,
               for
               that
               the
               Popes
               have
               made
               it
               a
               Fortress
               for
               their
               own
               retreat
               and
               security
               ,
               in
               time
               of
               imminent
               danger
               of
               Enemies
               ,
               to
               which
               a
               long
               Gallery
               under
               Ground
               leads
               from
               the
               Palace
               of
               St.
               Peter
               ,
               for
               their
               more
               convenient
               and
               safe
               passage
               .
               Heretofore
               One
               Cresentinus
               made
               himself
               Lord
               of
               it
               by
               force
               of
               Arms
               and
               of
               the
               City
               also
               :
               but
               at
               present
               the
               Popes
               possess
               it
               ,
               and
               cal
               it
               Castel
               St.
               Angelo
               ,
               from
               the
               Marble
               statue
               of
               an
               Angel
               with
               a
               sword
               in
               his
               hand
               sett
               on
               the
               top
               of
               it
               ,
               which
               Alexander
               the
               7th
               .
               augmented
               and
               fortified
               in
               ample
               manner
               as
               by
               the
               Inscription
               on
               the
               Bridge
               may
               be
               understood
               .
               In
               it
               are
               kept
               the
               three
               millions
               of
               Gold
               ,
               which
               may
               not
               be
               imployed
               on
               any
               use
               but
               defence
               of
               the
               Apostolick
               state
               in
               point
               of
               Arms.
               The
               Marbles
               ,
               Collumnes
               ,
               and
               Statues
               formerly
               there
               ,
               were
               conveighed
               to
               the
               Vatican
               ,
               and
               placed
               in
               the
               Church
               of
               Saint
               Peter
               ,
               and
               the
               Papal
               Palace
               ,
               and
               nothing
               of
               Antiquity
               left
               behind
               but
               the
               structure
               ,
               and
               two
               heads
               ,
               the
               one
               of
               Adrian
               the
               Emperour
               armed
               ,
               the
               other
               of
               Pallas
               ,
               with
               some
               inscriptions
               on
               the
               walls
               ,
               which
               notwithstanding
               ,
               t
               is
               yet
               most
               worthy
               observation
               .
               Here
               stands
               the
               Ponte
               or
               Bridge
               Elio
               ,
               so
               called
               for
               that
               
                 Elius
                 Adrianus
              
               the
               Emperour
               built
               it
               for
               his
               Sepulchre
               :
               but
               at
               present
               t
               is
               called
               
                 Ponte
                 di
                 Castello
              
               ,
               on
               either
               side
               of
               it
               stand
               the
               statues
               of
               the
               Apostles
               Saint
               Peter
               and
               Saint
               Paul
               ,
               wrought
               with
               excelling
               Workmanship
               under
               Pope
               Clement
               the
               7th
               .
               at
               the
               time
               that
               the
               Tyber
               grown
               beyond
               its
               usual
               limits
               ,
               overflowed
               to
               the
               great
               devastation
               of
               the
               City
               and
               this
               Bridge
               in
               anno
               1530.
               
               Being
               upon
               this
               Bridge
               ,
               you
               may
               see
               opposite
               to
               you
               the
               Hospital
               of
               
                 Santo
                 Spirito
              
               ,
               and
               the
               Ruines
               of
               the
               triumphal
               Bridge
               ,
               which
               was
               so
               denominated
               ,
               for
               that
               over
               it
               were
               lead
               the
               Pompes
               of
               Triumphs
               as
               the
               way
               to
               the
               Campidoglio
               .
            
             
               All
               that
               part
               of
               the
               Vatican
               hill
               between
               the
               Bridge
               and
               the
               Palace
               is
               now
               called
               Borgo
               ,
               but
               was
               formerly
               named
               
                 la
                 selva
              
               because
               before
               the
               time
               of
               Pope
               Alexander
               the
               second
               the
               Vatican
               Grove
               grew
               there
               ,
               wherein
               was
               erected
               a
               Pyramide
               for
               the
               Sepulchre
               of
               
                 Scipio
                 Affricanus
              
               ,
               whereof
               some
               reliques
               may
               yet
               be
               seen
               in
               that
               part
               of
               the
               
               Temple
               called
               Paradiso
               ;
               as
               the
               great
               Pyne
               Apple
               ,
               and
               Peacok
               of
               Brass
               guilt
               .
            
             
               In
               the
               Borgo
               ,
               almost
               all
               the
               Edifices
               are
               stately
               and
               noble
               ,
               and
               in
               particular
               these
               following
               :
               The
               Palace
               of
               the
               Cardinal
               of
               Cesis
               at
               the
               gate
               of
               Saint
               Onofrio
               ,
               whose
               first
               Court
               is
               full
               of
               Statues
               and
               inscriptions
               ,
               the
               particulars
               whereof
               are
               printed
               and
               published
               :
               in
               it
               is
               an
               Effigies
               of
               the
               
                 Amazon
                 Hippolito
              
               infinitely
               applauded
               ,
               being
               the
               workmanship
               of
               
                 Michael
                 Angelo
              
               ,
               the
               Prince
               of
               Sculptors
               ,
               another
               of
               Apollo
               ,
               a
               third
               of
               a
               Sabyn
               Woman
               ,
               no
               whit
               inferiour
               to
               that
               of
               the
               Amazon
               ,
               had
               it
               Arms
               proportionable
               .
            
             
               In
               the
               garden
               stands
               a
               statue
               of
               Bacchus
               upon
               a
               Pedistol
               :
               A
               Vessel
               of
               Brass
               with
               a
               Faunus
               ,
               a
               Neptune
               ,
               a●…d
               an
               Apollo
               ,
               holding
               a
               Harp
               in
               his
               hand
               :
               An
               Image
               of
               Agrippa
               ,
               the
               Daughter
               of
               
                 Marcus
                 Agrippa
              
               Another
               of
               Iulia
               the
               Daughter
               of
               
                 Augustus
                 Caesar
              
               ,
               a
               Pallas
               armed
               ,
               and
               Herma
               defloured
               .
               On
               the
               right
               hand
               appears
               a
               fountain
               with
               22
               Circles
               about
               it
               of
               Marble
               stone
               ,
               on
               which
               stand
               the
               statues
               of
               
                 A
                 faunus
                 ,
                 Iupiter
                 Hammon
                 ,
                 Pompey
              
               the
               Great
               ,
               
                 Demosthenes
                 ,
                 Spensippus
              
               the
               Philosopher
               ,
               who
               was
               thought
               to
               be
               the
               Son
               of
               a
               Sister
               of
               Plato
               .
               In
               prospective
               from
               the
               Gate
               may
               be
               seen
               Rome
               triumphing
               for
               the
               overcoming
               of
               Dacia
               ,
               sitting
               on
               a
               Throne
               with
               a
               Murrion
               on
               her
               head
               and
               a
               Branch
               of
               Laurel
               in
               her
               hand
               ,
               with
               Dacia
               placed
               near
               it
               ,
               in
               a
               mourning
               posture
               and
               Habit
               ;
               round
               it
               are
               Trophees
               ,
               as
               Arms
               of
               the
               Barbarous
               ,
               two
               conquered
               Kings
               in
               Numidian
               Marble
               ,
               bigger
               than
               ordinary
               men
               ,
               two
               statues
               of
               two
               of
               the
               Parcae
               :
               and
               two
               Sphinxes
               of
               the
               same
               Marble
               .
            
             
               Contiguous
               with
               it
               stands
               a
               round
               Fabrick
               called
               the
               Antiquario
               ,
               from
               the
               many
               Antiquities
               contained
               in
               it
               :
               On
               the
               Front
               is
               fixed
               a
               Visage
               of
               Iupiter
               ,
               in
               porphyr
               stone
               ,
               and
               an
               effigies
               of
               Poppeia
               the
               wife
               of
               Otho
               the
               Emperour
               :
               above
               which
               stand
               five
               statues
               ,
               That
               is
               of
               
                 Pallas
                 ,
                 Cercs
                 ,
                 Victoria
                 ,
                 Copia
                 ,
                 and
                 Diana
                 .
              
               Within
               are
               seen
               the
               Statue
               of
               Somnus
               ,
               or
               of
               Quies
               ,
               or
               as
               others
               will
               have
               it
               of
               AEsculapius
               with
               Poppy
               in
               his
               hands
               ,
               and
               an
               Image
               of
               a
               Sabine
               Lady
               .
               In
               the
               gate
               on
               the
               left
               hand
               appears
               a
               Visage
               of
               Iove
               ,
               as
               bigg
               as
               a
               Gyants
               ,
               on
               the
               right
               another
               of
               Hercules
               ,
               and
               in
               the
               midst
               a
               third
               of
               Pallas
               .
               And
               under
               that
               of
               Hercules
               ,
               a
               Satyre
               ,
               who
               blows
               a
               Shepheards
               pipe
               of
               seaven
               Reeds
               :
               a
               neater
               piece
               of
               work
               then
               which
               is
               scarse
               to
               be
               seen
               ,
               which
               is
               attributed
               to
               Scopa
               .
               Under
               that
               of
               Iove
               ,
               a
               head
               of
               Pyrrhus
               King
               of
               the
               Epirotes
               with
               a
               Leda
               and
               a
               Cupid
               .
               The
               Satyr
               ,
               and
               the
               Leda
               are
               most
               compleat
               statues
               .
               In
               it
               are
               the
               heads
               also
               of
               
                 Portia
                 ,
                 Cato
                 ,
                 Iupiter
                 ,
                 Ganimed
                 ,
                 Diana
                 ,
                 Neptune
                 ,
              
               with
               a
               most
               antient
               AEgyptian
               Image
               called
               the
               head
               of
               Astrate
               Mother
               of
               Osarides
               ,
               or
               as
               others
               will
               of
               Ope
               ,
               or
               Cibele
               the
               Mother
               of
               the
               Gods.
               
            
             
               Near
               the
               gate
               stand
               two
               statues
               ,
               one
               on
               the
               left
               hand
               of
               
                 Aries
                 Fissus
              
               of
               most
               white
               Marble
               ,
               with
               these
               words
               on
               the
               Basis
               ,
               
                 Secura
                 Simplicitas
              
               .
               The
               other
               on
               the
               right
               hand
               of
               Leone
               ,
               with
               these
               words
               upon
               the
               basis
               ,
               
                 Innoxia
                 Fortitudo
              
               .
               Near
               which
               stands
               the
               Emperour
               ,
               Heliogabulus
               ,
               clothed
               at
               his
               full
               length
               ,
               with
               certain
               antique
               Ceremonies
               in
               the
               sacrifices
               engraven
               on
               the
               Basis
               :
               Upon
               another
               Image
               of
               an
               Emperour
               triumphing
               drawn
               by
               four
               horses
               ,
               stands
               a
               Simia
               an
               Ape
               cut
               in
               AEthiopick
               Marble
               in
               the
               form
               the
               AEgyptians
               used
               to
               worship
               it
               .
               In
               the
               Hall
               is
               a
               head
               of
               Bacchus
               of
               red
               stone
               ,
               with
               a
               Neptune
               over
               it
               ,
               drawn
               in
               a
               Chariot
               by
               four
               horses
               ,
               and
               two
               statues
               of
               the
               Goddess
               Pomona
               .
            
             
             
               The
               study
               of
               the
               Cardinal
               hath
               its
               pavement
               wrought
               in
               figure
               with
               small
               stones
               :
               and
               in
               it
               are
               many
               heads
               of
               illustrious
               Romans
               ,
               as
               of
               
                 Scipio
                 ,
                 Africanus
                 ,
                 Marcus
                 Cato
                 ,
                 M
                 Antonius
              
               the
               triumvir
               ,
               
                 Iulius
                 ,
                 Caesar
                 ,
                 Septimius
                 ,
                 Severus
                 ,
                 L
                 Sy
                 lla
                 ,
              
               C
               
                 Nero
                 ,
                 Iulia
                 Mammea
                 ;
                 M.
                 Antonius
                 Caracalla
                 ,
                 Adrianus
                 ,
                 Macrinus
                 ,
                 Cleopatra
                 ,
                 Faustina
                 ,
              
               and
               Sabina
               ,
               As
               also
               a
               Library
               furnished
               no
               less
               with
               Books
               of
               Antient
               than
               modern
               Authors
               ,
               In
               the
               withdrawing
               Chambers
               are
               Gems
               and
               pretious
               stones
               ,
               so
               well
               wrought
               that
               they
               best
               speak
               themselves
               ,
               therein
               also
               are
               
                 Scipio
                 Nasica
                 ,
                 Brutus
                 ,
                 Adrianus
                 Imperator
                 ,
              
               a
               sleeping
               Cupid
               ,
               and
               a
               Child
               ,
               with
               divers
               other
               vaine
               things
               so
               rare
               and
               curious
               ,
               and
               rich
               ,
               that
               did
               Rome
               afford
               no
               other
               Palace
               than
               this
               ,
               you
               will
               say
               when
               seen
               ,
               you
               could
               not
               better
               dispose
               your
               time
               and
               travel
               then
               to
               behold
               it
               ;
               And
               that
               it
               alone
               deserve
               the
               pains
               of
               a
               Journey
               thither
               .
            
             
               
                 The
                 Popes
                 Pallace
                 .
              
               
                 ON
                 the
                 Top
                 of
                 the
                 Vatican
                 Hill
                 stands
                 that
                 proud
                 Pallace
                 of
                 the
                 Popes
                 ,
                 which
                 like
                 a
                 large
                 City
                 is
                 capable
                 of
                 three
                 Kings
                 and
                 all
                 their
                 followers
                 :
                 here
                 the
                 Popes
                 (
                 induced
                 thereto
                 from
                 the
                 beauty
                 of
                 the
                 scite
                 ,
                 and
                 temperature
                 of
                 the
                 Ayr
                 )
                 for
                 the
                 most
                 part
                 make
                 their
                 dwelling
                 ,
                 having
                 deserted
                 their
                 former
                 on
                 the
                 Laterano
                 .
                 The
                 first
                 thing
                 here
                 to
                 be
                 viewed
                 is
                 the
                 Chapel
                 of
                 Sixtus
                 ,
                 which
                 for
                 its
                 grandeur
                 and
                 beauty
                 may
                 be
                 paralleld
                 to
                 any
                 other
                 great
                 and
                 noble
                 Church
                 :
                 in
                 it
                 the
                 Card
                 i●…als
                 assemble
                 themselves
                 for
                 election
                 of
                 the
                 Pope
                 ,
                 and
                 call
                 themselves
                 the
                 Conclave
                 ,
                 upon
                 the
                 high
                 Altar
                 whereof
                 is
                 that
                 noble
                 Picture
                 representing
                 the
                 Universal
                 Judgment
                 ,
                 painted
                 by
                 
                   Michael
                   Angelo
                
                 ,
                 a
                 Piece
                 so
                 generally
                 a
                 pplauded
                 ,
                 that
                 it
                 's
                 held
                 in
                 valuable
                 ,
                 for
                 its
                 exellency
                 ,
                 and
                 unimitable
                 by
                 all
                 succeding
                 Artists
                 ,
                 though
                 divers
                 and
                 those
                 the
                 best
                 attempt
                 it
                 dayly
                 :
                 Near
                 it
                 is
                 the
                 
                   Capella
                   Paolina
                
                 ,
                 painted
                 by
                 the
                 same
                 hand
                 :
                 whence
                 the
                 way
                 lies
                 into
                 the
                 Gardens
                 called
                 Belvedere
                 ,
                 The
                 fair
                 fight
                 both
                 for
                 their
                 infinite
                 beauty
                 and
                 the
                 prospect
                 of
                 the
                 most
                 part
                 of
                 Rome
                 ,
                 in
                 it
                 are
                 many
                 foreign
                 rare
                 plants
                 .
                 Herein
                 stands
                 the
                 statue
                 of
                 the
                 Tyber
                 foxes
                 connexed
                 with
                 a
                 wolf
                 which
                 gave
                 suck
                 to
                 Remus
                 and
                 Romulus
                 ;
                 The
                 Nyle
                 upon
                 a
                 Sphinx
                 with
                 17.
                 
                 Children
                 denoting
                 the
                 increases
                 of
                 that
                 River
                 with
                 its
                 effects
                 upon
                 AEgypt
                 ,
                 with
                 several
                 monsters
                 &
                 strong
                 creatures
                 proper
                 only
                 to
                 that
                 River
                 :
                 which
                 statue
                 was
                 heretofore
                 found
                 near
                 Saint
                 
                   Ste
                   phens
                
                 Church
                 ,
                 and
                 being
                 thence
                 conveighed
                 into
                 those
                 gardens
                 ,
                 is
                 there
                 presented
                 to
                 publique
                 view
                 for
                 that
                 general
                 approbation
                 of
                 excellency
                 which
                 is
                 meritoriously
                 given
                 it
                 .
              
               
                 On
                 the
                 walls
                 of
                 the
                 said
                 Belvedere
                 are
                 moreover
                 12
                 several
                 deformed
                 Creatures
                 set
                 up
                 ,
                 which
                 are
                 carved
                 out
                 of
                 the
                 politest
                 Marble
                 :
                 And
                 in
                 certain
                 Corners
                 and
                 Nooks
                 stands
                 a
                 shape
                 of
                 Antinoo
                 ,
                 cut
                 in
                 the
                 whitest
                 Marble
                 of
                 fingular
                 Artifice
                 and
                 in
                 this
                 form
                 by
                 the
                 command
                 of
                 Adrian
                 the
                 Emperour
                 ,
                 who
                 deputed
                 divine
                 sacerdotal
                 honours
                 with
                 Temples
                 ,
                 whose
                 memory
                 alsothat
                 he
                 might
                 perpetuate
                 ,
                 he
                 built
                 a
                 City
                 in
                 AEgypt
                 calling
                 it
                 from
                 his
                 name
                 Antinopoli
                 ,
                 On
                 the
                 right
                 hand
                 is
                 the
                 River
                 Arno
                 in
                 the
                 shape
                 of
                 a
                 Man
                 lying
                 along
                 ,
                 diffusing
                 water
                 from
                 his
                 Tomb
                 ,
                 with
                 Cleopatra
                 on
                 his
                 left
                 hand
                 leaning
                 on
                 her
                 
                 right
                 hand
                 .
                 In
                 the
                 second
                 Armory
                 stands
                 
                   Venus
                   Ericina
                
                 prepared
                 to
                 come
                 out
                 of
                 a
                 Bath
                 .
                 In
                 the
                 third
                 is
                 the
                 same
                 Venus
                 playing
                 with
                 Cupid
                 and
                 this
                 Inscription
                 .
                 
                   Veneri
                   Foelici
                   Sacrum
                   Salustia
                   Helpis
                   D.
                   D.
                   
                
              
               
                 Near
                 it
                 is
                 a
                 
                   Bacchus
                   armeless
                
                 ,
                 and
                 that
                 Trunk
                 of
                 Hercules
                 ,
                 pronounced
                 by
                 
                   Michael
                   Angelo
                
                 ,
                 to
                 be
                 the
                 most
                 compleat
                 statue
                 of
                 Rome
                 ,
                 the
                 name
                 of
                 Apollo
                 as
                 sculptor
                 is
                 in
                 scribed
                 on
                 it
                 ,
                 as
                 also
                 two
                 other
                 Carasses
                 the
                 one
                 of
                 a
                 Lady
                 the
                 other
                 of
                 Mercury
                 ,
                 and
                 an
                 Arch
                 of
                 Marble
                 ,
                 wherein
                 is
                 figured
                 the
                 Chase
                 of
                 Meleager
                 found
                 in
                 the
                 Vatican
                 Vineyard
                 ,
                 appertaining
                 to
                 his
                 Sanctity
                 .
              
               
                 In
                 the
                 fourth
                 Armory
                 in
                 the
                 Cants
                 stands
                 a
                 statue
                 of
                 the
                 Emperor
                 Commodus
                 in
                 the
                 habit
                 and
                 shape
                 of
                 Hercules
                 ,
                 holding
                 a
                 Child
                 on
                 his
                 Arm
                 ,
                 whose
                 humour
                 was
                 to
                 be
                 so
                 figured
                 and
                 called
                 as
                 historians
                 report
                 .
                 In
                 the
                 fifth
                 
                   Apollo
                   Pitheo
                
                 ,
                 with
                 a
                 Serpent
                 at
                 his
                 feet
                 ,
                 and
                 a
                 Carcase
                 having
                 a
                 piece
                 of
                 Cloth
                 upon
                 one
                 Arm
                 ,
                 a
                 Bow
                 and
                 Arrows
                 in
                 his
                 hand
                 ,
                 and
                 all
                 over
                 naked
                 .
                 In
                 the
                 sixth
                 is
                 Laocoon
                 with
                 his
                 two
                 Sons
                 enveloped
                 by
                 two
                 Dragons
                 as
                 Virgil
                 writes
                 the
                 story
                 ,
                 all
                 of
                 one
                 Marble
                 stone
                 :
                 This
                 Piece
                 was
                 esteemed
                 by
                 
                   Michael
                   Angelo
                
                 the
                 Miracle
                 of
                 Sculpture
                 :
                 and
                 before
                 his
                 time
                 by
                 Pliny
                 who
                 saies
                 that
                 ,
                 t
                 was
                 wrought
                 by
                 
                   Agesanero
                   Poliodoro
                
                 ,
                 and
                 Athenodoro
                 the
                 principal
                 Sculptors
                 of
                 their
                 times
                 ,
                 and
                 preserved
                 in
                 the
                 Palace
                 of
                 
                   Titus
                   Vespasianus
                
                 and
                 found
                 in
                 his
                 seaven
                 Halls
                 .
                 Some
                 space
                 from
                 which
                 lies
                 Cleopatra
                 ready
                 to
                 give
                 up
                 the
                 Ghost
                 ,
                 of
                 so
                 exact
                 workmanship
                 and
                 polite
                 Marble
                 ,
                 that
                 underneath
                 the
                 Marble
                 Garments
                 which
                 seem
                 to
                 lie
                 over
                 the
                 whole
                 body
                 ,
                 the
                 Limbs
                 and
                 shape
                 of
                 the
                 person
                 ,
                 do
                 perfectly
                 appear
                 .
                 In
                 the
                 same
                 Palace
                 and
                 Gardens
                 which
                 are
                 five
                 ,
                 some
                 in
                 Terrace
                 ,
                 others
                 low
                 ,
                 beside
                 the
                 aforenamed
                 not
                 a
                 few
                 nor
                 mean
                 Vessels
                 and
                 statues
                 present
                 themselves
                 as
                 gratefull
                 Objects
                 to
                 the
                 Visitants
                 thereof
                 :
                 As
                 to
                 pass
                 by
                 others
                 a
                 Fountain
                 made
                 after
                 a
                 rustick
                 manner
                 ,
                 round
                 which
                 stand
                 feigned
                 Gods
                 and
                 Sea
                 Monsters
                 ,
                 very
                 well
                 represented
                 :
                 Together
                 with
                 the
                 Images
                 of
                 Pope
                 Paulus
                 the
                 2
                 and
                 the
                 Emperor
                 Charls
                 the
                 5th
                 .
                 drawn
                 by
                 the
                 hand
                 of
                 
                   Michael
                   Angelo
                
                 ,
                 and
                 a
                 statue
                 of
                 one
                 of
                 the
                 Curiatii
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 a
                 fair
                 one
                 ,
                 and
                 stands
                 where
                 the
                 Switzers
                 keep
                 their
                 Guard.
                 
              
               
                 In
                 the
                 Armory
                 ,
                 are
                 Arms
                 and
                 all
                 accomplishments
                 for
                 35000.
                 men
                 horse
                 and
                 foot
                 ,
                 and
                 over
                 the
                 door
                 of
                 it
                 is
                 this
                 Motto
                 .
                 
                   Urbanus
                   VIII
                   .
                   Literis
                   arma
                   ,
                   Armis
                   Literas
                   .
                
              
               
                 In
                 the
                 Constantine
                 Hall
                 ,
                 to
                 pass
                 over
                 the
                 other
                 things
                 which
                 are
                 infinite
                 ,
                 are
                 painted
                 several
                 picturs
                 drawn
                 by
                 the
                 principal
                 Painters
                 in
                 all
                 Ages
                 ,
                 chiefly
                 the
                 ▪
                 Battel
                 fought
                 at
                 the
                 
                   Ponte
                   Milvio
                
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 victory
                 obtained
                 there
                 by
                 Constantine
                 ,
                 against
                 Maxentius
                 ,
                 the
                 work
                 of
                 
                   Raphael
                   Stantio
                
                 of
                 Urbin
                 .
              
               
                 In
                 the
                 Gallery
                 Pope
                 Gregory
                 the
                 13th
                 .
                 for
                 the
                 benefit
                 of
                 the
                 Popes
                 to
                 his
                 great
                 cost
                 ,
                 caused
                 all
                 the
                 Provinces
                 Regions
                 and
                 Chief
                 Cities
                 of
                 the
                 whole
                 World
                 ,
                 to
                 be
                 artificially
                 and
                 exactly
                 lymned
                 annexing
                 to
                 each
                 Province
                 in
                 a
                 sweet
                 style
                 its
                 Encomion
                 .
              
               
                 This
                 Pallace
                 was
                 begun
                 by
                 Nicholas
                 the
                 third
                 ,
                 augmented
                 by
                 his
                 successors
                 ,
                 finished
                 by
                 Iulius
                 the
                 second
                 &
                 Leo
                 the
                 10th
                 .
                 garnished
                 and
                 
                 beautified
                 with
                 Pictures
                 and
                 other
                 Ornaments
                 ,
                 by
                 Sixtus
                 the
                 5th
                 ,
                 and
                 Clement
                 the
                 8th
                 .
                 so
                 that
                 at
                 this
                 day
                 it
                 remains
                 a
                 stately
                 Receptacle
                 for
                 his
                 holiness
                 ,
                 and
                 a
                 worthy
                 object
                 for
                 all
                 Forreigners
                 .
              
            
          
           
             
               Of
               the
               Church
               of
               Saint
               Peter
               ,
               on
               the
               VATICANO
            
             
               THis
               hath
               meritoriously
               its
               place
               among
               the
               seaven
               Principal
               and
               the
               Library
               Churches
               of
               Rome
               ,
               and
               will
               therefore
               require
               breifer
               account
               here
               ,
               T
               is
               the
               most
               famous
               and
               splendid
               of
               Rome
               .
               On
               that
               part
               which
               is
               ascended
               by
               steps
               ,
               is
               a
               Pillar
               erected
               ,
               compassed
               about
               with
               Iron
               barrs
               ,
               and
               this
               inscription
               on
               it
               .
               
                 Haec
                 est
                 illa
                 Columna
                 ,
                 in
                 qua
                 Dominus
                 noster
                 Iesus
                 Christus
                 apodiatus
                 ,
                 dum
                 pop●…lo
                 praedicabat
                 ,
                 &
                 Deo
                 Patri
                 in
                 Templo
                 preceseffundebat
                 ,
                 adhaerendo
                 stabat
                 ,
                 quae
                 una
                 cum
                 aliis
                 undecim
                 hîc
                 circumstantibus
                 de
                 Salomonis
                 templo
                 in
                 triumphum
                 hujus
                 Basilicae
                 hîc
                 locata
                 fuit
                 .
              
            
             
               In
               this
               Temple
               is
               likewise
               preserved
               the
               head
               of
               Saint
               Andrew
               the
               Apostle
               ,
               and
               the
               spear
               which
               was
               run
               into
               the
               side
               of
               our
               Saviour
               ,
               when
               he
               hung
               upon
               the
               Cross
               :
               It
               was
               sent
               as
               a
               gratefull
               present
               to
               Pope
               Innocent
               the
               8th
               .
               by
               the
               Turkish
               Emperour
               :
               Here
               also
               is
               the
               
                 Porta
                 Sancta
              
               ,
               which
               is
               never
               opened
               but
               in
               the
               yeer
               of
               Iubile
               ,
               and
               that
               finished
               is
               shut
               again
               .
               Which
               shall
               suffice
               to
               avoid
               Repetition
               .
            
             
               To
               the
               Church
               of
               Saint
               Peter
               is
               joyned
               the
               little
               Church
               of
               
                 Santa
                 Petronilla
              
               ,
               formerl●…
               a
               Temple
               of
               Apollo
               ,
               as
               that
               of
               
                 Santa
                 Maria
                 della
                 febre
              
               was
               of
               Mars
               .
               in
               the
               Piazza
               of
               Saint
               Peter
               stands
               the
               Obelisk
               translated
               thither
               from
               the
               Circ
               of
               Nero
               in
               the
               yeer
               1586.
               at
               the
               Instance
               and
               cost
               o●…
               Sixtus
               the
               5th
               .
               where
               it
               lay
               in
               neglectfull
               obscu
               rity
               ,
               in
               old
               times
               called
               the
               Obelisk
               of
               Caesar
               ,
               and
               under
               it
               were
               then
               laid
               the
               Ashes
               of
               
                 Iulius
                 Caesar
                 ;
                 Dominico
                 Fontana
              
               was
               the
               Engineer
               .
               It
               s
               heighth
               is
               170
               foot
               besides
               the
               Basis
               which
               is
               37
               foot
               more
               on
               the
               bottom
               t
               is
               12
               foot
               broad
               and
               at
               top
               8.
               
               It
               weighs
               without
               the
               Basis
               956148.
               pound
               the
               Instruments
               prepared
               for
               its
               removall
               and
               erecting
               weighed
               1031824.
               pound
               .
               The
               Removal
               of
               it
               we
               must
               needs
               conclude
               so
               admirable
               as
               to
               deserve
               a
               place
               among
               the
               great
               wonders
               of
               the
               Antients
               ,
               if
               we
               despise
               it
               not
               (
               as
               is
               usual
               )
               for
               that
               t
               was
               modern
               .
            
             
               The
               Circ
               and
               Naumachia
               ,
               the
               place
               for
               sea
               battails
               of
               Nero
               were
               near
               herunto
               ,
               where
               they
               made
               their
               sportive
               recreations
               in
               barques
               upon
               the
               water
               ,
               and
               cruelly
               cast
               those
               that
               confessed
               the
               name
               of
               Christ
               ,
               to
               be
               devoured
               by
               wilde
               beasts
               .
            
             
               The
               Borgo
               hath
               five
               gates
               ,
               to
               wit
               ,
               L'Elia
               at
               the
               Castle
               Saint
               Angelo
               ,
               That
               of
               Saint
               Peter
               under
               the
               Popes
               Gardens
               ,
               
                 La
                 Pertusa
              
               on
               the
               highest
               
               part
               of
               the
               hill
               .
               
                 La
                 Vacina
              
               ,
               at
               the
               Palace
               of
               the
               Cesis
               ,
               and
               the
               Trionfale
               ,
               now
               called
               of
               
                 Santo
                 spirito
              
               ,
               near
               which
               Bourbon
               received
               à
               shot
               which
               occasioned
               his
               death
               ,
               and
               the
               surrender
               of
               Rome
               to
               the
               Emperor
               Charls
               the
               5th
               .
            
             
               The
               Hospital
               of
               
                 San
                 Spirito
              
               ,
               was
               first
               instituted
               by
               Innocent
               the
               3d.
               afterwards
               aggrandized
               by
               Sixtus
               the
               4th
               ,
               In
               it
               they
               govern
               with
               no
               less
               honour
               than
               love
               the
               foreign
               Infirm
               persons
               :
               so
               that
               many
               rich
               Men
               disdain
               not
               to
               retire
               themselves
               thither
               for
               the
               government
               of
               the
               sick
               and
               infirm
               ,
               and
               thereto
               imploy
               their
               skill
               and
               time
               though
               at
               their
               own
               charges
               ,
               not
               having
               their
               own
               proper
               houses
               in
               Rome
               .
            
             
               
                 Of
                 the
                 Hill
                 Gianicolo
                 ,
                 now
                 called
                 Montorio
                 .
              
               
                 THe
                 Hill
                 Ianiculus
                 is
                 now
                 called
                 
                   Montorio
                   quasi
                   mons
                   aureus
                
                 ,
                 or
                 the
                 goulden
                 Mount
                 :
                 near
                 it
                 lies
                 the
                 Circ
                 of
                 
                   Iulius
                   Caesar
                
                 ,
                 where
                 appear
                 some
                 fragments
                 of
                 the
                 Sepulchre
                 of
                 
                   Numa
                   Pompilius
                
                 ,
                 which
                 yet
                 demonstrate
                 't
                 was
                 no
                 great
                 Fabrick
                 :
                 a
                 certain
                 assurance
                 ,
                 that
                 Ambition
                 had
                 not
                 then
                 in
                 those
                 times
                 any
                 great
                 place
                 in
                 Rome
                 .
              
               
                 Montorio
                 is
                 so
                 called
                 for
                 the
                 sparkling
                 of
                 the
                 sand
                 there
                 ;
                 Where
                 stands
                 a
                 Church
                 of
                 Saint
                 Peter
                 ,
                 and
                 a
                 round
                 Fabrick
                 wrought
                 excellently
                 Dorick
                 wise
                 ,
                 the
                 design
                 of
                 Bramante
                 .
                 At
                 the
                 high
                 Altar
                 of
                 the
                 said
                 Church
                 is
                 a
                 Marble
                 stone
                 whereon
                 Christ
                 was
                 figured
                 by
                 Raphael
                 of
                 Urbin
                 .
                 On
                 the
                 right
                 hand
                 at
                 the
                 entrance
                 into
                 the
                 Church
                 Christ
                 is
                 rarely
                 painted
                 upon
                 the
                 Wall
                 being
                 whipt
                 ,
                 by
                 
                   Bastiano
                   the
                   Venetian
                
                 called
                 
                   del
                   Piombo
                
                 .
                 Here
                 stands
                 the
                 Tombe
                 which
                 Iulius
                 the
                 third
                 caused
                 to
                 be
                 built
                 for
                 himself
                 then
                 living
                 ,
                 where
                 for
                 all
                 that
                 he
                 had
                 not
                 the
                 happiness
                 to
                 lye
                 (
                 dead
                 )
                 but
                 was
                 buried
                 in
                 a
                 mean
                 place
                 in
                 the
                 Vatican
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Gate
                 of
                 Saint
                 Pancratio
                 ,
                 was
                 formerly
                 called
                 Aureliana
                 ,
                 or
                 Settimiana
                 ,
                 for
                 that
                 it
                 was
                 repaired
                 by
                 
                   Septimius
                   Severus
                
                 ,
                 who
                 near
                 it
                 erected
                 an
                 Altar
                 and
                 certain
                 Baths
                 :
                 without
                 this
                 gate
                 you
                 see
                 an
                 Aqueduct
                 not
                 very
                 high
                 ,
                 through
                 which
                 ran
                 the
                 waters
                 of
                 the
                 Lake
                 Alsetino
                 ,
                 into
                 the
                 Baths
                 of
                 Severus
                 ,
                 of
                 Filippus
                 ,
                 and
                 into
                 the
                 Naumachia
                 ,
                 the
                 place
                 for
                 Sea
                 Fights
                 of
                 Augustus
                 .
              
               
                 Where
                 now
                 stands
                 the
                 Temple
                 of
                 
                   Santa
                   Maria
                
                 in
                 Transtevere
                 ,
                 was
                 formerly
                 a
                 
                   Taberna
                   Meritoria
                
                 ,
                 or
                 a
                 Locanda
                 as
                 they
                 now
                 term
                 it
                 being
                 a
                 place
                 for
                 letting
                 out
                 Chambers
                 :
                 There
                 stood
                 also
                 a
                 Temple
                 of
                 AEsculapius
                 ,
                 for
                 the
                 deceased
                 ,
                 to
                 whom
                 (
                 because
                 they
                 believed
                 him
                 a
                 God
                 alwaies
                 regarding
                 and
                 assisting
                 to
                 their
                 healths
                 )
                 the
                 infirm
                 had
                 recourse
                 ,
                 and
                 sacrificed
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Naumachia
                 ,
                 was
                 a
                 place
                 purposely
                 set
                 apart
                 for
                 the
                 preparing
                 all
                 things
                 necessary
                 for
                 Naval
                 fights
                 .
                 This
                 place
                 is
                 at
                 present
                 called
                 
                   à
                   Ripà
                
                 ,
                 in
                 Rome
                 ,
                 where
                 the
                 Vessels
                 are
                 steered
                 by
                 Ostia
                 into
                 the
                 City
                 ;
                 besides
                 in
                 antient
                 time
                 in
                 the
                 Naumachia
                 ,
                 they
                 o●…ten
                 presented
                 certain
                 Warlike
                 and
                 Naval
                 sports
                 for
                 the
                 Solace
                 of
                 the
                 Princes
                 and
                 multitude
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 
                   Ponte
                   Aurelio
                
                 ,
                 or
                 Gianicolo
                 conjoins
                 the
                 part
                 Transteverina
                 ,
                 or
                 beyond
                 the
                 Tyber
                 to
                 the
                 City
                 ,
                 but
                 being
                 broken
                 in
                 the
                 civil
                 War
                 't
                 was
                 afterwards
                 called
                 
                   Ponte
                   Rotto
                   :
                   At
                
                 last
                 being
                 r●…edisied
                 by
                 Sixtus
                 the
                 4th
                 .
                 to
                 
                 that
                 magnificence
                 it
                 now
                 appears
                 in
                 ,
                 it
                 took
                 the
                 name
                 of
                 
                   Ponte
                   Sixto
                
                 .
                 In
                 the
                 midst
                 of
                 the
                 Naumachia
                 rise
                 the
                 reliques
                 of
                 the
                 
                   Ponte
                   Sublicio
                
                 ,
                 upon
                 which
                 Horatius
                 alone
                 in
                 the
                 War
                 against
                 the
                 Tuscans
                 sustained
                 the
                 assaults
                 of
                 the
                 Enemies
                 till
                 such
                 time
                 as
                 the
                 Romans
                 could
                 break
                 down
                 the
                 said
                 Bridge
                 near
                 the
                 Gate
                 ,
                 by
                 which
                 means
                 the
                 Enemies
                 were
                 obstructed
                 in
                 their
                 hoped
                 for
                 entrance
                 into
                 the
                 City
                 .
                 
                   AEmilius
                   Lepidus
                
                 caused
                 it
                 a●…terwards
                 to
                 be
                 built
                 of
                 stone
                 :
                 From
                 a
                 top
                 this
                 Bridge
                 the
                 Emperour
                 Heliogabulus
                 the
                 Monster
                 of
                 Nature
                 and
                 Mankind
                 having
                 a
                 stone
                 hung
                 abont
                 his
                 Neck
                 ,
                 was
                 cast
                 down
                 into
                 the
                 Tyber
                 .
              
               
                 Near
                 hereunto
                 ly
                 the
                 Fields
                 Mutii
                 ,
                 given
                 to
                 
                   Mutius
                   Scaevola
                
                 ,
                 by
                 the
                 publick
                 ,
                 for
                 the
                 noble
                 Act
                 he
                 performed
                 in
                 the
                 presence
                 of
                 Porsenna
                 King
                 of
                 the
                 Tuscans
                 .
              
               
                 At
                 the
                 Port
                 of
                 
                   Ripa
                   ,
                   Leon
                
                 the
                 4th
                 .
                 built
                 two
                 Towers
                 to
                 hinder
                 the
                 inroads
                 of
                 the
                 Sarazens
                 ,
                 who
                 often
                 by
                 Ostia
                 run
                 up
                 the
                 Tyber
                 .
                 Then
                 Borgo
                 was
                 called
                 
                   Citta
                   Leonina
                   ;
                   Alexander
                
                 the
                 4th
                 .
                 named
                 it
                 Borgia
                 ,
                 and
                 added
                 to
                 it
                 good
                 increase
                 of
                 all
                 things
                 .
              
               
                 
                   L'Isola
                   Tiberina
                
                 ,
                 is
                 believed
                 to
                 have
                 rise
                 and
                 beginning
                 in
                 the
                 time
                 of
                 Tarquin
                 the
                 proud
                 ,
                 t
                 is
                 not
                 very
                 b●…oad
                 but
                 a
                 quarter
                 of
                 a
                 mile
                 long
                 and
                 was
                 consecrated
                 to
                 AEsculapius
                 :
                 In
                 it
                 is
                 at
                 this
                 day
                 a
                 Church
                 dedicated
                 to
                 
                   San
                   Bartolomeo
                
                 ,
                 At
                 the
                 point
                 of
                 the
                 Island
                 you
                 may
                 see
                 the
                 form
                 of
                 that
                 Ship
                 ,
                 wherein
                 the
                 Serpent
                 Epidaurus
                 was
                 conveighed
                 into
                 the
                 City
                 ,
                 which
                 form
                 was
                 sometime
                 since
                 exposed
                 to
                 view
                 by
                 the
                 inundation
                 of
                 the
                 Tyber
                 .
              
               
                 In
                 the
                 gardens
                 of
                 Cardinal
                 Farneze●…
                 ,
                 beyond
                 the
                 Tyber
                 are
                 divers
                 Venuses
                 of
                 the
                 whitest
                 Marble
                 ,
                 and
                 several
                 Pyles
                 ,
                 on
                 which
                 are
                 figured
                 Men
                 ,
                 Lyons
                 ,
                 Women
                 ,
                 the
                 nine
                 Muses
                 ,
                 Satyrs
                 and
                 other
                 things
                 ,
                 and
                 a
                 broken
                 pillar
                 with
                 a
                 Greek
                 inscription
                 very
                 memorable
                 which
                 was
                 brought
                 from
                 Tivoli
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Bridge
                 Cescio
                 or
                 Esquilino
                 conjoines
                 the
                 part
                 beyond
                 the
                 Tyber
                 to
                 the
                 Island
                 ;
                 t
                 was
                 built
                 by
                 Valentianus
                 and
                 Valens
                 Emperors
                 ,
                 and
                 is
                 now
                 called
                 Ponte
                 Saint
                 Bartolomeo
                 from
                 that
                 Church
                 which
                 stands
                 in
                 the
                 Island
                 contiguous
                 with
                 it
                 .
                 In
                 the
                 same
                 Island
                 stands
                 the
                 Church
                 of
                 
                   San
                   Giovanni
                   Battista
                
                 ,
                 which
                 formerly
                 was
                 the
                 Temple
                 of
                 Iupiter
                 ,
                 and
                 in
                 the
                 uppermost
                 part
                 of
                 it
                 yet
                 appear
                 the
                 ruines
                 of
                 a
                 Temple
                 of
                 Faunus
                 ,
                 which
                 was
                 reduced
                 to
                 that
                 sad
                 condition
                 by
                 the
                 Inundation
                 of
                 the
                 River
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Bridge
                 Fabricio
                 ,
                 called
                 also
                 Tarpeio
                 ,
                 connexeth
                 the
                 Island
                 with
                 the
                 City
                 ,
                 passing
                 through
                 the
                 midst
                 of
                 Marcellus
                 his
                 Theatre
                 ,
                 t
                 is
                 at
                 this
                 time
                 called
                 
                   Ponte
                   dài
                   quatro
                   capi
                
                 ,
                 from
                 certain
                 statues
                 the●…e
                 reared
                 ,
                 each
                 of
                 which
                 hath
                 four
                 faces
                 and
                 heads
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Theatre
                 of
                 Marcellus
                 was
                 built
                 by
                 
                   Augustus
                   Caesar
                
                 ,
                 at
                 the
                 Bridge
                 Fabricio
                 ,
                 in
                 honour
                 of
                 Marcellus
                 the
                 Son
                 of
                 his
                 Sister
                 Octavia
                 ,
                 )
                 capacious
                 for
                 eighty
                 thousand
                 persons
                 )
                 to
                 which
                 structure
                 that
                 she
                 might
                 add
                 the
                 more
                 lustre
                 as
                 in
                 remembrance
                 of
                 her
                 said
                 Son
                 Marcellus
                 ,
                 the
                 said
                 Octavia
                 complea
                 ted
                 a
                 most
                 admirable
                 &
                 well
                 furnished
                 Library
                 of
                 Books
                 of
                 all
                 sorts
                 and
                 sciences
                 .
                 This
                 Theatre
                 the
                 House
                 of
                 Saevelli
                 at
                 present
                 possess
                 :
                 The
                 said
                 Augustus
                 raised
                 also
                 the
                 Banqueting
                 house
                 called
                 Octavio
                 in
                 honour
                 of
                 his
                 said
                 Sister
                 Octavia
                 ,
                 part
                 whereof
                 yet
                 is
                 on
                 foot
                 ,
                 in
                 the
                 midst
                 of
                 the
                 said
                 Theatre
                 ,
                 where
                 are
                 some
                 shops
                 of
                 Goldsmiths
                 now
                 ,
                 but
                 was
                 formerly
                 much
                 more
                 beautified
                 by
                 many
                 rare
                 statues
                 ,
                 as
                 among
                 others
                 with
                 a
                 Satyr
                 ,
                 the
                 work
                 of
                 Prasitelle
                 ,
                 
                 the
                 nine
                 Muses
                 of
                 Timarchide
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Image
                 of
                 Iuno
                 ,
                 now
                 placed
                 in
                 the
                 Mansion
                 of
                 Iulius
                 the
                 third
                 in
                 the
                 
                   Via
                   Flaminia
                   ;
                   Caesar
                   Germanicus
                
                 illustrated
                 the
                 said
                 Banqueting
                 House
                 ,
                 with
                 the
                 addition
                 of
                 a
                 stately
                 Temple
                 ,
                 dedicated
                 to
                 Speranza
                 and
                 Hope
                 ,
                 towards
                 the
                 
                   Piaza
                   Montanara
                
                 ,
                 to
                 which
                 was
                 conjoined
                 the
                 Temple
                 of
                 Aurora
                 ,
                 much
                 renowned
                 among
                 the
                 Antients
                 the
                 very
                 Footsteps
                 whereof
                 time
                 and
                 misfortune
                 have
                 razed
                 out
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 House
                 of
                 Savelli
                 ,
                 (
                 in
                 the
                 Theatre
                 of
                 Marcellus
                 ,
                 )
                 possess
                 a
                 most
                 rare
                 piece
                 ,
                 being
                 a
                 Lyon
                 cut
                 in
                 Marble
                 ,
                 with
                 three
                 Men
                 Armed
                 and
                 prepared
                 to
                 fight
                 him
                 ,
                 together
                 with
                 many
                 other
                 Marble
                 Tablets
                 :
                 And
                 a
                 garden
                 very
                 delicious
                 ,
                 wherein
                 are
                 several
                 Pyles
                 ,
                 whereon
                 the
                 Labours
                 of
                 Hercules
                 are
                 engraven
                 ,
                 and
                 divers
                 Statues
                 of
                 Men
                 and
                 pieces
                 of
                 Mercury
                 .
              
               
                 
                   San
                   Nicolo
                
                 in
                 Carcere
                 ,
                 formerly
                 was
                 the
                 Prison
                 for
                 the
                 common
                 people
                 ,
                 but
                 for
                 that
                 a
                 Daughter
                 expressed
                 so
                 much
                 Piety
                 to
                 her
                 Father
                 there
                 bound
                 in
                 chains
                 as
                 to
                 nourish
                 him
                 many
                 dayes
                 with
                 the
                 milk
                 from
                 her
                 own
                 breasts
                 ,
                 
                   Attilia
                   Gabrione
                
                 ,
                 raised
                 there
                 a
                 Temple
                 dedicating
                 it
                 to
                 Piety
                 .
              
               
                 
                   Santo
                   Andrea
                
                 in
                 Mentuzza
                 ,
                 was
                 in
                 old
                 times
                 a
                 Temple
                 consecrated
                 to
                 
                   Iuno
                   Matura
                
                 by
                 Cornelius
                 the
                 Consul
                 ,
                 under
                 the
                 Campidoglio
                 .
              
               
                 You
                 may
                 see
                 the
                 broken
                 Bridge
                 of
                 
                   Santa
                   Maria
                   Transteverina
                
                 ,
                 or
                 AEgittiaca
                 ,
                 so
                 named
                 from
                 the
                 Neighbouring
                 Church
                 ;
                 which
                 was
                 formerly
                 called
                 
                   Ponte
                   Senatorio
                
                 and
                 Palatino
                 ,
                 for
                 that
                 the
                 Senators
                 passed
                 over
                 that
                 Bridge
                 in
                 religious
                 manner
                 to
                 the
                 Ianicolo
                 ,
                 to
                 consult
                 the
                 Books
                 of
                 the
                 Sybills
                 ,
                 and
                 thence
                 returned
                 to
                 the
                 Court
                 of
                 the
                 Emperours
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 House
                 of
                 Pilat
                 placed
                 near
                 the
                 
                   Ponte
                   Senatorio
                
                 fabulously
                 by
                 the
                 Vulgar
                 ,
                 if
                 we
                 make
                 a
                 narrower
                 inspection
                 ,
                 and
                 contemplate
                 the
                 most
                 high
                 ruine
                 there
                 appearing
                 ,
                 must
                 needs
                 have
                 been
                 the
                 
                   Sudatoria
                   Laconica
                
                 ,
                 or
                 hot
                 Baths
                 .
                 The
                 
                   Foro
                   Olitorio
                
                 ,
                 is
                 the
                 
                   Piazza
                   Montonora
                
                 ,
                 where
                 Evander
                 erected
                 an
                 Altar
                 in
                 honour
                 of
                 
                   Nicostrata
                   Carmenta
                
                 his
                 mother
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Church
                 of
                 
                   Sancta
                   Maria
                   AEgittiaca
                
                 ,
                 formerly
                 the
                 Temple
                 of
                 
                   Fortuna
                   Virilis
                
                 ,
                 remains
                 almost
                 intire
                 and
                 unblemished
                 having
                 a
                 long
                 row
                 of
                 high
                 Pillars
                 on
                 both
                 sides
                 .
                 Some
                 report
                 it
                 to
                 have
                 been
                 consecrated
                 to
                 
                   Pudicitia
                   Matronalis
                
                 ,
                 and
                 that
                 therein
                 was
                 the
                 
                   Bucca
                   Veritatis
                
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 esteemed
                 a
                 fabulous
                 story
                 ,
                 and
                 that
                 ample
                 round
                 porphyr
                 stone
                 standing
                 before
                 the
                 Greek
                 Schools
                 ,
                 which
                 they
                 say
                 was
                 the
                 
                   Bucca
                   veritatis
                
                 ,
                 conld
                 be
                 applyed
                 to
                 no
                 other
                 use
                 then
                 for
                 a
                 Chanel
                 or
                 receipt
                 of
                 waters
                 ,
                 as
                 in
                 divers
                 other
                 stones
                 of
                 the
                 like
                 form
                 up
                 and
                 down
                 the
                 City
                 used
                 to
                 the
                 like
                 occasions
                 is
                 most
                 plainly
                 apparent
                 .
              
               
                 In
                 the
                 house
                 of
                 the
                 Serlupi
                 in
                 the
                 Fishstreet
                 ,
                 they
                 shew
                 a
                 most
                 compleat
                 piece
                 ,
                 being
                 the
                 head
                 of
                 the
                 Emperour
                 Vespasian
                 as
                 big
                 as
                 a
                 Gyants
                 ,
                 cut
                 in
                 white
                 Marble
                 .
              
               
                 In
                 the
                 next
                 house
                 appertaining
                 to
                 the
                 Delfini
                 ,
                 are
                 the
                 heads
                 of
                 
                   Lucius
                   Verus
                
                 ,
                 and
                 
                   Marcus
                   Aurelius
                
                 ,
                 of
                 Bacchus
                 ,
                 of
                 a
                 Child
                 laughing
                 ,
                 and
                 of
                 six
                 others
                 with
                 some
                 Urns
                 ,
                 and
                 stones
                 with
                 remarkable
                 inscriptions
                 .
              
               
                 Of
                 the
                 place
                 where
                 the
                 Asylum
                 ,
                 or
                 sanctuary
                 for
                 refuge
                 stood
                 ,
                 there
                 is
                 no
                 Certainty
                 because
                 some
                 place
                 it
                 in
                 this
                 part
                 ,
                 others
                 in
                 the
                 
                 Campidoglio
                 ,
                 wherefore
                 no
                 ampler
                 account
                 can
                 be
                 given
                 of
                 it
                 ,
                 upon
                 a
                 certain
                 foundation
                 .
              
               
                 
                   San
                   Stephano
                   Rotondo
                
                 ,
                 which
                 denomination
                 it
                 borrowed
                 from
                 the
                 form
                 of
                 the
                 Fabrick
                 ,
                 stands
                 by
                 
                   Santa
                   Maria
                   AEgittiaca
                
                 ,
                 't
                 was
                 built
                 by
                 
                   Numa
                   Pompilius
                
                 ,
                 and
                 consecrated
                 to
                 Vesta
                 :
                 t
                 is
                 sustained
                 on
                 every
                 part
                 by
                 Corinthian
                 Pillars
                 ,
                 aud
                 receaves
                 the
                 light
                 from
                 the
                 top
                 ,
                 as
                 doth
                 the
                 Pantheon
                 .
              
               
                 
                   La
                   Rupe
                   Tarpeia
                
                 ,
                 lies
                 on
                 the
                 utmost
                 part
                 of
                 the
                 Campidoglio
                 ,
                 being
                 a
                 vast
                 proecipice
                 ,
                 opposite
                 to
                 the
                 Church
                 
                   Santa
                   Maria
                   Egittiaca
                   ,
                   Manlius
                   Capitolinus
                
                 being
                 found
                 guilty
                 of
                 an
                 intention
                 to
                 Master
                 Rome
                 and
                 become
                 its
                 Tyrant
                 ,
                 was
                 at
                 the
                 comand
                 of
                 the
                 Senate
                 praecipitated
                 from
                 this
                 Rock
                 .
                 Some
                 say
                 ,
                 that
                 Ovids
                 house
                 stood
                 among
                 those
                 ruins
                 which
                 are
                 near
                 the
                 Church
                 
                   Santa
                   Maria
                   della
                   Consolatione
                
                 ,
                 others
                 that
                 it
                 was
                 in
                 
                   Burgo
                   Georgio
                
                 ,
                 near
                 the
                 
                   Porta
                   Carmentale
                
                 ,
                 at
                 the
                 Foot
                 of
                 the
                 Capitol
                 ,
                 where
                 also
                 
                   Valerius
                   Amerinus
                
                 dwelt
                 ,
                 and
                 Opis
                 and
                 Saturnus
                 had
                 Temples
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Temple
                 of
                 Vesta
                 built
                 by
                 Romulus
                 between
                 the
                 Capitolinum
                 and
                 the
                 Palatinum
                 ,
                 stood
                 where
                 now
                 is
                 the
                 Church
                 
                   dalle
                   Gratie
                
                 or
                 
                   dalle
                   Consolatione
                
                 ,
                 wherein
                 the
                 Vestal
                 Virgins
                 kept
                 the
                 holy
                 and
                 perpetual
                 Fire
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Palladium
                 ,
                 with
                 the
                 Domestick
                 houshold
                 Gods
                 brought
                 by
                 
                   AEneas
                   ,
                   from
                   Troy
                
                 into
                 Italy
                 ,
                 but
                 the
                 said
                 Temple
                 being
                 burning
                 ,
                 the
                 Palladium
                 which
                 was
                 a
                 wooden
                 Image
                 of
                 Pallas
                 with
                 rolling
                 eyes
                 was
                 snatched
                 out
                 of
                 the
                 Fire
                 and
                 translated
                 into
                 Velia
                 ,
                 where
                 now
                 is
                 
                   Santa
                   Andrea
                
                 in
                 Palata
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 
                   Foro
                   Boario
                
                 ,
                 took
                 its
                 name
                 either
                 for
                 that
                 there
                 they
                 sold
                 their
                 Bulls
                 ,
                 or
                 because
                 Evander
                 having
                 received
                 the
                 Bulls
                 of
                 Gerion
                 consecrated
                 that
                 place
                 for
                 perpetual
                 remembrance
                 of
                 that
                 Victory
                 ,
                 Adjacent
                 to
                 the
                 Temple
                 of
                 Saint
                 George
                 ,
                 in
                 Velabro
                 stands
                 a
                 fair
                 Arch
                 all
                 of
                 Marble
                 ,
                 beautified
                 with
                 excellent
                 figures
                 of
                 Sacrifices
                 ,
                 erected
                 in
                 former
                 times
                 by
                 the
                 Goldsmiths
                 and
                 Merchants
                 in
                 honour
                 of
                 the
                 Emperors
                 ,
                 
                   Septimius
                   Severus
                
                 ,
                 and
                 
                   Marcus
                   Aurelius
                
                 .
                 And
                 contiguous
                 with
                 this
                 Arch
                 stood
                 the
                 Temple
                 of
                 
                   Janus
                   Quadrifrons
                
                 :
                 four
                 squared
                 and
                 in
                 every
                 front
                 a
                 large
                 Gate
                 ,
                 and
                 12.
                 
                 Nooks
                 ,
                 wherein
                 t
                 is
                 believed
                 they
                 set
                 up
                 twelve
                 statues
                 ,
                 representing
                 12
                 Months
                 .
                 The
                 Romans
                 sacrificed
                 to
                 Janus
                 as
                 Prince
                 or
                 President
                 of
                 the
                 sacrifices
                 ,
                 calling
                 him
                 also
                 Vertumnus
                 .
                 Many
                 Temples
                 in
                 Rome
                 were
                 dedicated
                 to
                 this
                 God
                 ,
                 among
                 which
                 that
                 chiefly
                 flourished
                 which
                 Numa
                 built
                 at
                 the
                 
                   Porta
                   Carmentale
                
                 near
                 the
                 Theatre
                 of
                 Marcellus
                 which
                 had
                 two
                 Gates
                 only
                 ,
                 and
                 they
                 stood
                 alwaies
                 open
                 in
                 time
                 of
                 warr
                 ,
                 and
                 shut
                 in
                 times
                 of
                 Peace
                 .
                 Historians
                 report
                 these
                 Gates
                 to
                 be
                 three
                 times
                 only
                 lockt
                 up
                 :
                 The
                 first
                 by
                 Numa
                 the
                 Founder
                 ,
                 the
                 second
                 by
                 
                   Titus
                   Manlius
                
                 the
                 Consul
                 .
                 The
                 third
                 by
                 
                   Augustus
                   Caesar
                
                 ,
                 when
                 he
                 had
                 wholly
                 overcome
                 
                   M.
                   Antonius
                   :
                   Suetonius
                
                 reports
                 that
                 t
                 was
                 a
                 fourth
                 time
                 shut
                 by
                 Nero
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 proved
                 by
                 certain
                 Coynes
                 of
                 the
                 said
                 Emperor
                 yet
                 extant
                 ,
                 with
                 these
                 words
                 on
                 the
                 one
                 side
                 .
                 
                   Pace
                   Populo
                   Romano
                   Ubique
                   ,
                   Porta
                   Janum
                   Clausit
                   :
                
                 Now
                 this
                 Temple
                 is
                 consecrated
                 to
                 
                   Santa
                   Catherina
                
                 .
              
               
                 
                   Il
                   Velabro
                
                 ,
                 where
                 stands
                 
                   Santo
                   Georgio
                
                 in
                 Velabro
                 ,
                 was
                 so
                 denominated
                 for
                 this
                 cause
                 :
                 When
                 the
                 Tyber
                 overflowed
                 and
                 covered
                 the
                 face
                 of
                 the
                 Earth
                 ,
                 they
                 could
                 not
                 pass
                 into
                 the
                 Aventinum
                 ,
                 from
                 one
                 bank
                 to
                 the
                 other
                 unless
                 in
                 Boats
                 ,
                 for
                 their
                 passage
                 wherein
                 they
                 payed
                 a
                 certain
                 piece
                 of
                 money
                 ,
                 which
                 in
                 Latin
                 signifies
                 a
                 Booth
                 ,
                 those
                 boats
                 being
                 covered
                 over
                 .
              
               
               
                 
                   Santa
                   Maria
                
                 in
                 Cosmodin
                 ,
                 is
                 called
                 
                   Schola
                   Graeca
                
                 ,
                 perhaps
                 for
                 that
                 in
                 former
                 times
                 t
                 was
                 enjoyed
                 by
                 Greeks
                 .
                 They
                 fable
                 ,
                 that
                 here
                 Saint
                 Augustin
                 taught
                 ,
                 and
                 that
                 here
                 was
                 another
                 
                   Bucca
                   Veritatis
                
                 .
                 Annexed
                 to
                 this
                 Church
                 towards
                 the
                 Tyber
                 stood
                 a
                 Temple
                 of
                 
                   Hercules
                   Victor
                
                 ,
                 the
                 reliques
                 whereof
                 shew
                 its
                 form
                 to
                 have
                 been
                 round
                 ,
                 t
                 was
                 destroyed
                 by
                 Pope
                 Sixtus
                 the
                 fourth
                 .
                 They
                 report
                 that
                 Flyes
                 never
                 entred
                 into
                 this
                 Temple
                 ,
                 Hercules
                 by
                 Prayer
                 to
                 Myagrum
                 the
                 God
                 of
                 Flyes
                 ,
                 having
                 obtained
                 this
                 favour
                 ,
                 for
                 that
                 being
                 about
                 to
                 sacrifice
                 to
                 Jupiter
                 ,
                 the
                 Flyes
                 molested
                 the
                 sacrifice
                 :
                 Nor
                 Doggs
                 ,
                 Because
                 the
                 same
                 Hercules
                 affixed
                 his
                 Club
                 to
                 the
                 Door
                 of
                 the
                 Temple
                 ,
                 which
                 so
                 terrified
                 the
                 Doggs
                 (
                 it
                 having
                 an
                 innate
                 Virtue
                 to
                 fright
                 Doggs
                 )
                 that
                 they
                 durst
                 not
                 approach
                 the
                 Gates
                 :
                 Neither
                 Women
                 Servants
                 or
                 made
                 Free
                 could
                 assist
                 to
                 the
                 holy
                 Exercises
                 in
                 this
                 Temple
                 ,
                 And
                 only
                 freemen
                 and
                 the
                 Sons
                 of
                 Freemen
                 had
                 admission
                 thereunto
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Great
                 Altar
                 erected
                 by
                 Hercules
                 stood
                 near
                 the
                 
                   Schola
                   Graeca
                
                 ,
                 and
                 by
                 it
                 AEmilius
                 built
                 the
                 Temple
                 of
                 
                   Pudicitia
                   Patritia
                
                 ,
                 wherein
                 when
                 Virginia
                 entred
                 ,
                 being
                 herself
                 noble
                 but
                 the
                 Wife
                 of
                 a
                 Plebeian
                 ,
                 she
                 was
                 cast
                 out
                 by
                 the
                 other
                 Matrons
                 ,
                 whereat
                 being
                 offended
                 she
                 raised
                 another
                 Temple
                 in
                 
                   Borgo
                   Longo
                
                 ,
                 to
                 
                   Pudicitia
                   Plebeia
                
                 ,
                 which
                 caused
                 a
                 great
                 Feud
                 in
                 the
                 Patritian
                 Matrons
                 ,
                 but
                 neither
                 of
                 the
                 one
                 nor
                 the
                 other
                 does
                 any
                 footsteps
                 now
                 remain
                 .
              
               
                 
                   Monte
                   Aventino
                
                 .
                 hath
                 been
                 ever
                 counted
                 infamous
                 and
                 inauspicious
                 ,
                 for
                 the
                 contest
                 there
                 happening
                 between
                 Romulus
                 and
                 Remus
                 wherein
                 the
                 last
                 was
                 slain
                 .
                 
                   Ancus
                   Martius
                
                 the
                 4th
                 .
                 King
                 of
                 the
                 Romans
                 granted
                 it
                 to
                 the
                 Sabines
                 for
                 their
                 habitation
                 ,
                 but
                 others
                 write
                 that
                 it
                 began
                 to
                 be
                 inhabited
                 only
                 in
                 the
                 daies
                 of
                 Claudius
                 the
                 Emperor
                 :
                 t
                 is
                 now
                 called
                 by
                 its
                 old
                 name
                 
                   Mons
                   Aventinus
                
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Church
                 of
                 
                   Santa
                   Sabina
                
                 ,
                 standing
                 on
                 the
                 top
                 of
                 the
                 Aventino
                 antiently
                 dedicated
                 to
                 Diana
                 ,
                 was
                 built
                 by
                 
                   Ancus
                   Martius
                
                 ,
                 or
                 as
                 others
                 say
                 by
                 
                   Servius
                   Tullius
                   .
                   Servius
                
                 the
                 sixth
                 King
                 of
                 the
                 Romans
                 was
                 Son
                 of
                 a
                 Servant
                 or
                 slave
                 ,
                 wherefore
                 he
                 commanded
                 that
                 there
                 every
                 year
                 on
                 the
                 13th
                 .
                 of
                 August
                 a
                 solemn
                 Feast
                 should
                 be
                 kept
                 for
                 the
                 Slaves
                 ,
                 on
                 which
                 day
                 of
                 their
                 solemnity
                 their
                 Masters
                 should
                 not
                 command
                 them
                 .
                 Here
                 Honorius
                 the
                 4th
                 .
                 dwelt
                 ,
                 and
                 Pius
                 the
                 fifth
                 erected
                 there
                 some
                 stately
                 Fabricks
                 ,
                 to
                 which
                 
                   Girolamo
                   Bernerio
                
                 called
                 the
                 Cardinal
                 of
                 Ascoli
                 ,
                 added
                 others
                 with
                 a
                 Chappel
                 .
                 This
                 Cardinal
                 was
                 of
                 the
                 Order
                 of
                 the
                 preaching
                 Fryers
                 ,
                 and
                 for
                 that
                 cause
                 hath
                 been
                 a
                 loving
                 Patron
                 to
                 that
                 Order
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Church
                 of
                 
                   Santa
                   Maria
                   dell'Aventino
                
                 ,
                 was
                 a
                 Temple
                 consecrated
                 to
                 
                   Dea
                   Bona
                
                 ,
                 not
                 far
                 from
                 which
                 stood
                 the
                 House
                 of
                 
                   Julius
                   Caesar
                
                 :
                 whence
                 Calphurnia
                 ,
                 the
                 wife
                 of
                 Caesar
                 proceeded
                 among
                 the
                 other
                 Matrons
                 to
                 the
                 said
                 Temple
                 to
                 the
                 Nocturnal
                 duties
                 performed
                 to
                 the
                 said
                 Goddess
                 ,
                 when
                 Clodius
                 inamoured
                 of
                 her
                 ,
                 habiting
                 himself
                 in
                 the
                 garment
                 of
                 a
                 Woman
                 ,
                 conveighed
                 himself
                 in
                 amongst
                 them
                 ,
                 all
                 men
                 being
                 prohibited
                 admission
                 to
                 those
                 duties
                 :
                 Who
                 being
                 no
                 less
                 ignorant
                 of
                 the
                 place
                 than
                 of
                 the
                 Ceremonies
                 ,
                 wandred
                 too
                 and
                 fro
                 in
                 search
                 of
                 his
                 Friend
                 Calphurnia
                 ,
                 and
                 by
                 that
                 means
                 was
                 discovered
                 by
                 a
                 certain
                 Maid
                 .
                 Upon
                 the
                 
                   Aventino
                   ,
                   Hercules
                   Victor
                
                 had
                 a
                 Temple
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 now
                 called
                 the
                 Church
                 of
                 
                   Santi
                   Alexii
                
                 .
              
               
               
               
               
            
          
           
             
             
               The
               Hott
               Houses
               or
               Bathes
               which
               stood
               upon
               the
               AVENTINO
               .
            
             
               THe
               Hot
               houses
               or
               Bathes
               of
               Decius
               the
               Emperour
               called
               Deciane
               ,
               were
               near
               
                 Santa
                 prisca
              
               ,
               formerly
               a
               Temple
               of
               Hercules
               ,
               whereof
               as
               of
               the
               ensuing
               great
               ruines
               yet
               remain
               :
               Those
               called
               Variane
               stood
               near
               Saint
               Alexius
               .
               And
               those
               of
               Trajan
               ,
               with
               his
               Palace
               on
               the
               farthest
               part
               of
               the
               Aventino
               in
               the
               Vineyard
               of
               
                 Francisci
                 Albertini
              
               ,
               a
               Roman
               Citizen
               .
            
             
               The
               Remoria
               ,
               yet
               retains
               its
               antient
               name
               .
               'T
               was
               held
               an
               inauspicious
               place
               because
               in
               the
               bloud
               of
               Remus
               was
               unhappily
               begun
               the
               City
               :
               who
               was
               there
               slain
               by
               a
               wicked
               man
               with
               a
               Pickax
               at
               the
               command
               of
               Romulus
               ,
               and
               interred
               in
               the
               same
               place
               .
               the
               
                 Via
                 Remoria
              
               extends
               it self
               from
               the
               
                 Circo
                 Maximo
              
               over
               the
               top
               of
               the
               Aventino
               just
               to
               that
               Fabrick
               of
               Pope
               Paul
               the
               3d.
               wherewith
               he
               fortified
               the
               City
               .
            
             
               Here
               stands
               the
               Sepulchre
               of
               Cacus
               ,
               of
               whom
               they
               make
               mention
               in
               the
               Fables
               of
               Hercules
               ,
               which
               is
               a
               sharp
               broken
               stone
               in
               the
               midst
               of
               the
               Church
               
                 Santa
                 Maria
                 Aventina
              
               ,
               where
               also
               was
               antiently
               a
               Temple
               of
               Hercules
               .
            
             
               At
               this
               Praecipice
               ,
               were
               the
               
                 Furcae
                 Gemoniae
              
               ,
               to
               which
               Malefactors
               were
               dragged
               with
               Iron
               hooks
               ,
               and
               there
               inhumanely
               slain
               ,
               hither
               the
               Emperour
               Vitellius
               ,
               with
               an
               Iron
               hook
               fixed
               under
               his
               Chin
               ,
               and
               his
               Cloths
               torn
               of
               to
               his
               Buttocks
               was
               dragged
               ,
               and
               slain
               by
               the
               command
               of
               Vespasian
               ,
               for
               having
               put
               to
               death
               
                 Sabinus
                 ,
                 Vespasians
              
               Brother
               .
            
             
               The
               
                 Porta
                 Trigemina
              
               though
               very
               antient
               ,
               remains
               yet
               almost
               entire
               at
               the
               Foot
               of
               the
               Aventino
               near
               the
               Tyber
               in
               the
               Vineyard
               ,
               to
               which
               the
               Baths
               of
               Trajan
               are
               annexed
               .
            
             
               This
               Gate
               was
               called
               Trigemina
               ,
               from
               the
               three
               twin
               Brothers
               ,
               called
               Horatii
               ,
               who
               marched
               out
               at
               that
               Gate
               ,
               when
               they
               went
               to
               fight
               for
               the
               Liberty
               of
               their
               Countrey
               ,
               against
               the
               three
               Brothers
               
                 Curatii
                 Albani
              
               ,
               which
               Albani
               being
               slain
               with
               two
               of
               the
               twin
               Brothers
               Horatii
               ,
               the
               third
               returned
               triumphant
               .
            
             
               The
               Dioclesian
               Granaries
               of
               the
               Roman
               people
               were
               repaired
               and
               augmented
               by
               Dioclesian
               the
               Emperor
               ,
               from
               whom
               they
               took
               their
               name
               .
               They
               stood
               between
               the
               Tyber
               and
               the
               
                 Monte
                 Testaceo
              
               ,
               they
               consisted
               of
               150
               several
               apartments
               ,
               and
               their
               ruines
               appear
               like
               a
               〈◊〉
               in
               the
               Vineyard
               of
               
                 Julio
                 Cesarino
              
               a
               Roman
               .
            
             
               
                 Monte
                 Testaceo
              
               stands
               near
               them
               ,
               which
               was
               raised
               by
               the
               pieces
               of
               Potters
               Vessels
               ,
               there
               cast
               by
               the
               Potters
               whose
               streets
               were
               there
               ,
               which
               place
               was
               assigned
               for
               that
               use
               that
               they
               might
               not
               throw
               them
               into
               the
               Tyber
               ,
               for
               fear
               of
               stopping
               the
               current
               and
               diverting
               the
               stream
               to
               their
               greater
               damage
               ,
               nor
               cast
               them
               into
               the
               Fields
               to
               obstruct
               the
               fertility
               thereof
               .
               Whence
               it
               grew
               to
               the
               heigth
               of
               
               160
               foot
               and
               two
               miles
               in
               compass
               Some
               ,
               (
               but
               foolishly
               ,
               )
               call
               it
               
                 Monte
                 diogni
                 Terra
              
               ,
               ridiculously
               fabling
               their
               conjectures
               ,
               that
               this
               Mount
               was
               raised
               by
               the
               Vessels
               of
               several
               Nations
               wherein
               they
               brought
               their
               Tributes
               to
               Rome
               ,
               which
               Vessels
               they
               say
               they
               were
               commanded
               to
               cast
               in
               that
               place
               in
               perpetual
               remembrance
               of
               that
               their
               subjection
               .
               In
               old
               time
               the
               
                 Circus
                 Olimpicus
              
               comprehended
               all
               that
               space
               which
               the
               
                 Monte
                 Testaceo
              
               ,
               takes
               up
               now
            
             
               The
               Pyramid
               of
               
                 C.
                 Cestius
                 Septemvirs
              
               or
               the
               seventh
               of
               the
               Epicures
               or
               gluttons
               ,
               remains
               yet
               entire
               neare
               the
               
                 Porta
                 Ostiense
              
               ,
               within
               the
               City
               Walls
               ,
               being
               built
               with
               white
               Marble
               ,
               in
               great
               square
               stones
               and
               although
               the
               Inscription
               names
               only
               
                 C.
                 Cestius
              
               ,
               yet
               t
               is
               believed
               to
               have
               been
               the
               common
               burying
               place
               of
               all
               the
               
                 Septemviri
                 Epuloni
              
               whose
               charge
               was
               to
               see
               that
               the
               Feasts
               ,
               the
               Banquets
               ,
               the
               solemnities
               ,
               and
               sacrifices
               of
               the
               Gods
               were
               strictly
               observed
               .
            
             
               
                 La
                 Porta
                 Ostiense
              
               ,
               (
               now
               named
               
                 di
                 San
                 Paulo
              
               )
               was
               built
               by
               
                 Ancus
                 Martins
              
               ,
               and
               called
               Ostiense
               ,
               because
               through
               it
               lies
               the
               way
               to
               Ostia
               .
               Without
               which
               gate
               stands
               the
               Church
               dedicated
               to
               
                 Sancto
                 Paulo
              
               a
               most
               splendid
               Church
               ,
               one
               of
               the
               seaven
               principal
               of
               Rome
               ,
               and
               much
               frequented
               by
               the
               people
               .
               Therein
               stand
               four
               rankes
               of
               vast
               Marble
               Collumnes
               which
               support
               it
               .
               They
               are
               excellently
               wrought
               in
               
                 Dorick
                 ,
                 Ionick
                 ,
                 Attick
              
               ,
               and
               Corinthian
               works
               ,
               nor
               is
               there
               any
               Church
               in
               Rome
               Replenisht
               with
               so
               many
               Pillars
               ,
               nor
               garnished
               with
               so
               polite
               and
               exquisite
               Marble
               stones
               ,
               which
               were
               translated
               from
               the
               two
               
                 Porta's
                 Ostienses
              
               The
               one
               of
               Nero
               ,
               the
               other
               of
               Anto●…inus
               .
               Somewhat
               beyond
               which
               stands
               another
               Church
               ,
               called
               the
               
                 Tre
                 Fontane
              
               ,
               An
               antient
               Temple
               before
               whose
               portal
               rise
               many
               pretious
               Pillars
               of
               Porphyr
               stone
               ,
               which
               shine
               with
               various
               Colours
               :
               within
               are
               shewed
               three
               sources
               of
               Fountains
               ,
               whose
               waters
               are
               esteemed
               holy
               and
               salutiferous
               for
               many
               infirmities
               ,
               they
               believe
               ,
               these
               Fountains
               to
               spring
               miraculously
               at
               and
               ever
               since
               the
               time
               that
               Saino
               Pauls
               head
               was
               cut
               off
               by
               the
               command
               of
               Nero
               the
               Emperour
               in
               that
               place
               .
            
             
               The
               Visitation
               of
               the
               aforenamed
               particulars
               ,
               being
               exactly
               performed
               will
               be
               sufficient
               for
               the
               first
               day
               .
            
          
           
             
               The
               second
               dayes
               Journey
               in
               perusing
               the
               noted
               things
               of
               ROME
               .
            
             
               ENtring
               from
               Borgo
               into
               the
               City
               by
               the
               Bridge
               Castello
               ,
               you
               meet
               a
               way
               which
               divides
               it self
               in
               two
               ,
               on
               the
               right
               hand
               towards
               the
               Tyber
               goes
               the
               
                 Strada
                 Julia
              
               ,
               in
               which
               the
               house
               of
               the
               Cevali
               stands
               worthy
               a
               view
               ,
               and
               in
               the
               other
               street
               near
               the
               Ba●…chi
               ,
               is
               the
               house
               of
               the
               Cardinal
               Sforza
               ,
               replenisht
               with
               Antiquities
               ,
               noble
               Pictures
               ,
               and
               a
               Library
               of
               Greek
               Manuscripts
               .
            
             
               
                 Alla
                 Pace
              
               in
               the
               house
               of
               
                 ●…ancellotto
                 Lancellotti
              
               ,
               a
               Gentleman
               ,
               are
               many
               rare
               antiquities
               .
               
               At
               the
               end
               of
               the
               Parione
               are
               the
               ample
               houses
               Arianae
               ,
               in
               whose
               Angle
               is
               seated
               That
               Statue
               of
               Pasquin
               ,
               the
               most
               famous
               of
               all
               that
               City
               yea
               of
               all
               the
               World.
               This
               some
               suppose
               to
               be
               made
               for
               Hercules
               ,
               others
               for
               Alexander
               the
               great
               :
               but
               there
               is
               no
               certainty
               of
               either
               ,
               though
               it
               appear
               the
               workemankip
               of
               some
               rare
               Artist
               .
            
             
               In
               former
               times
               they
               were
               wont
               to
               load
               this
               Image
               with
               Libels
               a-against
               the
               Princes
               ,
               Cardinals
               and
               famous
               Men
               ,
               and
               noble
               Matrons
               and
               sometimes
               against
               the
               Pope
               :
               but
               now
               left
               off
               because
               of
               the
               severe
               prohibitions
               ,
               since
               when
               though
               they
               dare
               not
               fix
               them
               to
               the
               Pasquino
               ,
               yet
               still
               they
               vent
               their
               reproofs
               and
               scandals
               under
               some
               other
               specious
               pretence
               ,
               publishing
               them
               some
               other
               way
               by
               the
               name
               of
               
                 Pasquinata
                 .
                 Antonio
                 Tibaldeo
                 a
                 Ferrarian
                 ,
              
               being
               no
               less
               learned
               than
               Venerable
               ,
               reports
               this
               story
               of
               this
               statue
               :
               That
               there
               was
               in
               Rome
               a
               certain
               Taylour
               well
               known
               in
               his
               trade
               and
               good
               at
               his
               occupation
               ,
               called
               Pasquino
               ,
               whose
               shop
               stood
               in
               this
               street
               :
               this
               man
               was
               well
               customed
               by
               
                 Prelates
                 ,
                 Courtezans
              
               and
               other
               people
               ,
               who
               resorted
               to
               him
               for
               their
               Rayments
               ,
               This
               Taylor
               employed
               great
               number
               of
               Journeymen
               ,
               who
               like
               vile
               persons
               spent
               all
               the
               day
               their
               tongues
               freely
               speaking
               ill
               of
               this
               &
               that
               person
               not
               sparing
               any
               ,
               taking
               occasion
               from
               what
               they
               observed
               in
               those
               persons
               which
               resorted
               to
               their
               shop
               ;
               the
               constant
               custome
               of
               slandering
               in
               that
               shop
               made
               it
               become
               ridiculous
               even
               to
               the
               persons
               offended
               ,
               esteeming
               those
               rascals
               unworthy
               of
               any
               credit
               ,
               and
               so
               no
               other
               regard
               was
               had
               to
               it
               .
               Whence
               it
               came
               to
               pass
               afterwards
               ,
               that
               if
               any
               person
               would
               defame
               another
               he
               did
               it
               under
               covert
               of
               Master
               Pasquino
               ,
               saying
               he
               had
               heard
               say
               so
               in
               his
               shop
               ,
               which
               relation
               caused
               all
               the
               Interessed
               persons
               in
               that
               reproach
               ,
               not
               to
               make
               any
               more
               account
               of
               it
               .
               This
               reverent
               gentleman
               Pasquino
               being
               dead
               ,
               it
               happened
               that
               in
               paving
               the
               street
               ,
               this
               statue
               was
               found
               half
               buried
               and
               broken
               near
               his
               shop
               ,
               which
               because
               t
               was
               incomodious
               for
               the
               passage
               to
               leave
               it
               there
               ,
               they
               erected
               just
               at
               the
               shop
               of
               Master
               
                 Pasquino
                 ▪
              
               whence
               the
               back-biters
               (
               taking
               a
               good
               occasion
               )
               reported
               that
               Master
               Pasquino
               ,
               was
               returned
               again
               and
               not
               having
               courage
               enough
               to
               own
               the
               abuses
               they
               put
               upon
               others
               ,
               they
               used
               to
               fasten
               their
               Scrolls
               to
               that
               statue
               :
               presuming
               ,
               that
               as
               t
               was
               lawfull
               for
               
                 Mar
                 co
                 pasquino
              
               to
               speak
               any
               thing
               ,
               so
               by
               means
               of
               this
               statue
               they
               might
               scandalize
               others
               with
               such
               things
               ,
               as
               in
               the
               light
               and
               bare
               faced
               they
               durst
               not
               own
               .
               This
               Custome
               continued
               long
               till
               at
               last
               t
               was
               prohibited
               with
               severe
               penalties
               .
            
             
               Near
               hereto
               is
               the
               great
               Pallace
               of
               the
               Chancery
               ,
               built
               by
               the
               Travertini
               ,
               in
               a
               square
               form
               with
               the
               stones
               translated
               from
               the
               Amphitheater
               of
               
                 Titus
                 Vespasianus
              
               ,
               which
               was
               called
               Coliseum
               ,
               which
               Theatre
               the
               Popes
               would
               not
               permit
               to
               be
               wholly
               destroyed
               ,
               but
               left
               some
               part
               in
               its
               first
               Lustre
               ,
               that
               by
               it
               might
               appear
               the
               splendour
               of
               the
               whole
               ,
               as
               a
               testimony
               of
               the
               magnificence
               of
               the
               Roman
               Empire
               .
               In
               it
               stands
               one
               great
               Image
               of
               Bacchus
               ,
               wrought
               by
               
                 Michael
                 Angelo
                 Bonarota
              
               ,
               at
               his
               first
               arrival
               at
               Rome
               ,
               when
               he
               sought
               to
               depress
               the
               Fame
               of
               
                 Raphael
                 Sanctius
              
               of
               Urbin
               ,
               which
               he
               brought
               in
               feriour
               to
               his
               own
               reputation
               by
               his
               Art
               and
               policy
               .
               Two
               other
               great
               statues
               one
               of
               Ceres
               ,
               and
               the
               other
               of
               Opes
               as
               is
               believed
               .
               And
               on
               the
               upper
               part
               are
               fixed
               certain
               heads
               ,
               as
               of
               
                 Antonius
                 Pius
                 ,
                 Septimius
                 Severus
                 ,
                 Titus
                 ,
                 Domitianus
                 Augustus
                 ,
              
               and
               Geta
               the
               Emperours
               ,
               of
               a
               Sabin
               
               Woman
               .
               of
               Pyrrhus
               King
               of
               the
               Epirots
               of
               Cupid
               and
               a
               Sword
               Player
               .
            
             
               Thence
               not
               far
               distant
               stands
               the
               Piazza
               
                 del
                 Duca
              
               ,
               wherein
               is
               the
               fairest
               Pallace
               in
               Rome
               ,
               built
               with
               excessive
               cost
               by
               Pope
               Paul
               the
               3d
               a
               Farnezian
               ,
               It
               abounds
               with
               so
               many
               antiquities
               that
               to
               speak
               distinctly
               of
               them
               ,
               would
               fill
               up
               a
               volume
               :
               we
               will
               therefore
               pass
               briefly
               over
               them
               ,
               as
               now
               they
               remain
               ,
               many
               things
               having
               been
               changed
               in
               later
               times
               .
            
             
               For
               the
               Architecture
               t
               is
               enough
               to
               say
               
                 Michael
                 Angelo
                 Bonarota
              
               ,
               had
               a
               chief
               part
               therein
               ,
               and
               for
               the
               Materials
               ,
               better
               could
               not
               be
               had
               then
               were
               employed
               in
               it
               ,
               which
               were
               brought
               from
               the
               Amphitheatre
               :
               As
               to
               the
               statues
               ,
            
             
               Two
               of
               Hercules
               stand
               in
               the
               Court
               ,
               famous
               for
               their
               workmanship
               and
               antiquity
               ,
               the
               lesser
               whereof
               is
               most
               commended
               ;
               One
               of
               
                 Jupiter
                 Tonante
              
               ,
               with
               two
               immense
               sword
               players
               ,
               the
               one
               having
               the
               Scabbard
               of
               his
               sword
               hanging
               at
               his
               shoulder
               ,
               and
               with
               his
               right
               foot
               kicks
               the
               Target
               ,
               the
               murrion
               ,
               and
               the
               ground
               ,
               the
               other
               holds
               behind
               him
               a
               boy
               dead
               in
               his
               hand
               :
               But
               that
               which
               surpasseth
               all
               statues
               is
               the
               
                 Tauro
                 Farnese
              
               ,
               a
               Bull
               with
               five
               persons
               bigger
               than
               the
               natural
               ,
               cut
               to
               wonder
               ,
               out
               of
               one
               stone
               by
               Apollonius
               and
               Tauriscus
               of
               Rhodes
               ,
               whence
               t
               was
               conveighed
               and
               placed
               in
               Antoninus
               his
               Bath
               where
               about
               one
               hundred
               years
               since
               t
               was
               dugg
               up
               as
               entire
               as
               if
               made
               but
               yesterday
               ,
               and
               now
               stands
               in
               this
               Pallace
               astonishing
               all
               that
               behold
               it
               .
            
             
               In
               the
               ascent
               on
               the
               stayers
               ,
               you
               see
               one
               statue
               of
               the
               Tyber
               ,
               another
               of
               Oceanus
               ,
               and
               at
               the
               top
               of
               two
               barbarous
               prisoners
               in
               their
               old
               habits
               .
            
             
               In
               the
               Rooms
               above
               ,
               who
               delights
               in
               Pictures
               and
               Sculpture
               will
               meet
               enough
               to
               occupy
               his
               whole
               fancy
               .
               As
               the
               Pictures
               of
               
                 Francesco
                 Salviati
              
               ,
               and
               
                 Tadeo
                 Zucchero
              
               ,
               both
               which
               are
               much
               applauded
               ,
               drawn
               as
               if
               they
               were
               taking
               the
               fresh
               ayr
               :
               And
               in
               a
               Gallery
               which
               is
               as
               noble
               as
               well
               painted
               by
               the
               Brothers
               
                 Carazzi
                 Bolonia
              
               ,
               painters
               of
               great
               Fame
               ,
               you
               will
               find
               many
               antient
               heads
               of
               signal
               persons
               as
               of
               
                 Lysia
                 ,
                 Euripides
                 ,
                 Solon
                 ,
                 Socrates
                 ,
                 Diogenes
                 ,
                 Genone
                 ,
                 Possidonio
                 ,
              
               and
               Seneca
               ,
               with
               the
               noble
               statues
               of
               
                 Ganimede
                 ,
                 Antinoo
              
               ,
               of
               Bacchus
               ,
               some
               fair
               Vessels
               ,
               and
               the
               statues
               of
               Meleager
               ,
               which
               deserves
               a
               name
               by
               it self
               for
               its
               great
               price
               ,
               being
               esteemed
               worth
               five
               thousand
               Crowns
               then
               which
               no
               statue
               in
               Rome
               is
               more
               entire
               .
               No
               People
               under
               the
               Sun
               give
               so
               great
               prices
               for
               statues
               as
               the
               Romans
               :
               all
               which
               are
               so
               studious
               of
               those
               kind
               of
               Ornaments
               ,
               that
               in
               acquiring
               them
               ,
               they
               emulously
               strive
               which
               shall
               exceed
               in
               cost
               or
               curiosity
               .
               In
               one
               Chamber
               they
               shew
               the
               Duke
               Alexander
               of
               glorious
               memory
               ,
               having
               under
               his
               feet
               the
               River
               Scalda
               or
               Scelda
               ,
               with
               Flanders
               kneeling
               before
               him
               ,
               and
               behind
               Victory
               crowning
               him
               ,
               all
               which
               statues
               are
               cut
               out
               of
               one
               Marble
               stone
               ,
               bigger
               than
               the
               Life
               .
               There
               also
               are
               three
               doggs
               cast
               rarely
               in
               Brass
               .
               The
               Bibliotheque
               of
               this
               Pallace
               ,
               the
               Meddals
               and
               carved
               Toyes
               ,
               are
               most
               famous
               things
               ,
               but
               the
               Pictures
               of
               Raphael
               ,
               and
               Titian
               are
               incomparable
               ,
               nor
               are
               the
               Limnings
               lesse
               admirable
               ▪
            
             
               Opposite
               to
               the
               Farnesi
               live
               the
               heirs
               of
               
                 Monsignior
                 d'Acquigno
              
               ,
               in
               whose
               house
               are
               divers
               inscriptions
               ,
               an
               Adonis
               ,
               a
               Venus
               of
               four
               thousand
               Crowns
               price
               ,
               a
               Diana
               begirt
               with
               a
               Quiver
               of
               Arrowes
               a
               Bow
               in
               
               her
               hand
               like
               a
               huntress
               ,
               and
               a
               statue
               of
               
                 Bon
                 Evento
              
               holding
               a
               looking
               glasse
               in
               the
               right
               hand
               ,
               and
               in
               the
               left
               a
               Garland
               of
               Ears
               of
               Corn
               an
               absolute
               Piece
               ,
               wrought
               by
               Praxitelis
               .
            
             
               Adjacent
               to
               the
               
                 Campo
                 di
                 Fiore
              
               ,
               stands
               the
               Palace
               of
               the
               Cardinal
               
                 Capo
                 di
                 Ferro
              
               ,
               much
               less
               than
               the
               Farnesian
               Pallace
               ,
               but
               in
               splendor
               and
               Architecture
               no
               whit
               inferiour
               .
               In
               the
               Frontispiece
               is
               painted
               the
               spring
               time
               :
               The
               President
               of
               the
               spring
               is
               Venus
               ,
               (
               which
               was
               drawn
               to
               the
               similitude
               of
               the
               Body
               of
               
                 Livia
                 Columna
              
               ,
               a
               most
               beautiful
               Princess
               )
               &
               whatever
               is
               there
               represented
               is
               amorous
               :
               The
               Complexion
               of
               the
               men
               is
               sanguine
               ,
               and
               all
               are
               marked
               with
               the
               Element
               of
               Ayr.
               So
               in
               the
               other
               fronts
               ,
               are
               expressed
               the
               complexions
               Choller
               ,
               Melancholy
               ,
               and
               Phlegme
               ,
               the
               Elements
               Fire
               ,
               Water
               ,
               and
               Earth
               ,
               the
               seasons
               Summer
               ,
               Autumne
               ,
               and
               Winter
               ,
               and
               the
               Praesiding
               Gods
               ,
               
                 Mars
                 ,
                 Saturn
              
               ,
               and
               Janus
               ,
               which
               are
               most
               absolutely
               performed
               ,
               and
               were
               the
               work
               of
               
                 Michael
                 Angelo
              
               ,
               with
               whom
               this
               Cardinal
               contracted
               a
               most
               intimate
               Friendship
               ;
               and
               being
               no
               less
               liberal
               than
               Jngenious
               obtained
               of
               him
               ,
               what
               ever
               so
               rare
               an
               Artist
               could
               possibly
               invent
               ,
               among
               the
               rest
               a
               secret
               conclave
               wherein
               many
               things
               are
               exprest
               with
               the
               highest
               Art
               and
               perfection
               .
            
             
               The
               house
               of
               the
               Orsini
               ,
               in
               the
               
                 Campo
                 di
                 Fiore
              
               ,
               which
               was
               raised
               out
               of
               the
               ruines
               of
               the
               Pompeyan
               Theatre
               ,
               is
               embellisht
               with
               many
               good
               statues
               in
               the
               Courts
               .
            
             
               The
               Temple
               of
               Saint
               Angelo
               in
               Pescaria
               ,
               was
               formerly
               of
               
                 Juno
                 Regina
              
               ,
               which
               being
               burnt
               ,
               was
               restored
               by
               
                 Septimius
                 Severus
              
               and
               
                 Marcus
                 Aurelius
              
               the
               Emperors
               ,
               as
               the
               old
               Title
               there
               to
               be
               read
               verifies
               :
               near
               which
               are
               some
               of
               the
               Pillars
               taken
               from
               the
               Portico
               of
               
                 Septimius
                 Severus
              
               dedicated
               to
               Mercury
               .
            
             
               At
               the
               Tower
               Citrangole
               ,
               stands
               the
               house
               of
               the
               heirs
               of
               
                 Gentile
                 Delfino
              
               ,
               which
               Gentleman
               had
               more
               meddals
               than
               any
               other
               Person
               in
               Rome
               ,
               and
               his
               Garden
               filled
               with
               inscriptions
               :
               In
               them
               stands
               a
               Statue
               of
               Canopo
               placed
               in
               the
               form
               of
               a
               Water
               Pott
               ,
               before
               whose
               breast
               they
               have
               preposed
               a
               Tablet
               filled
               with
               Hierogliphick
               letters
               ,
               by
               which
               t
               is
               believed
               the
               secret
               Mysteries
               of
               the
               Sacrifices
               are
               delivered
               :
               In
               Parione
               at
               the
               house
               of
               the
               Maximi
               may
               be
               seen
               a
               Colossus
               ,
               which
               vulgarly
               is
               thought
               to
               be
               the
               statue
               of
               Pyrrhus
               King
               of
               the
               Epirots
               armed
               ,
               bought
               a
               long
               time
               since
               by
               the
               Maximi
               of
               Angelo
               for
               two
               thousand
               Crowns
               as
               also
               a
               Marble
               head
               of
               
                 Julius
                 Caesar
              
               ,
               with
               many
               other
               things
               worthy
               consideration
               .
            
             
               In
               the
               house
               of
               the
               
                 Leni
                 alla
                 Ciambella
              
               ,
               are
               many
               noble
               statues
               lately
               brought
               thither
               from
               the
               
                 Porta
                 di
                 S.
                 Bastiano
              
               ,
               to
               wit
               an
               Adonis
               ,
               a
               Venus
               ,
               a
               Satyr
               ,
               and
               many
               excellent
               heads
               ,
               where
               in
               an
               old
               Pile
               was
               found
               an
               entire
               purple
               Garment
               with
               some
               rings
               and
               other
               notable
               things
               .
               Near
               which
               stands
               the
               house
               of
               Cardinal
               Paravicino
               ,
               a
               Signor
               of
               noble
               Qualities
               ,
               who
               much
               delights
               in
               Pictures
               ,
               whereof
               and
               those
               good
               too
               he
               hath
               not
               a
               few
               .
               Contiguous
               with
               which
               stands
               the
               house
               of
               the
               Vallei
               ,
               wherein
               was
               erected
               a
               square
               Marble
               stone
               ,
               with
               a
               
                 Solar
                 Horoscope
              
               ,
               and
               the
               Zodiack
               signes
               ,
               where
               the
               dayes
               and
               howers
               of
               every
               Moneth
               were
               denoted
               ,
               and
               whatever
               the
               Antients
               were
               wont
               to
               observe
               as
               well
               in
               the
               sacrifices
               of
               the
               Gods
               ,
               as
               in
               the
               Countrey
               affairs
               ,
               as
               fully
               as
               our
               Calenders
               now
               express
               them
               :
               but
               this
               with
               divers
               other
               Rarities
               ,
               by
               the
               instability
               of
               its
               Patrons
               ,
               were
               amoved
               ,
               and
               such
               as
               they
               left
               remaining
               (
               for
               what
               reason
               we
               guess
               not
               )
               obscured
               .
               
               On
               the
               Ascent
               of
               the
               Campidoglio
               dwels
               
                 il
                 Signor
                 Lelio
                 Pasqualino
              
               ,
               a
               Canon
               of
               
                 Santa
                 Maria
                 Maggiore
              
               ,
               a
               Gentleman
               of
               polite
               learning
               ,
               and
               exquisite
               manners
               ,
               where
               the
               studious
               of
               Antiquities
               are
               freely
               admitted
               to
               glutt
               themselves
               with
               the
               most
               curious
               things
               in
               Rome
               ,
               as
               select
               Meddals
               ,
               rare
               carved
               works
               ,
               Implements
               ,
               and
               Habiliments
               of
               Antiquity
               in
               great
               number
               .
               In
               summ
               in
               his
               house
               are
               a
               Treasure
               of
               those
               things
               ,
               and
               he
               hath
               observed
               in
               this
               kind
               more
               than
               a
               man
               can
               possibly
               behold
               in
               one
               day
               :
               if
               he
               be
               resolved
               to
               publish
               his
               observations
               for
               the
               pnblick
               good
               of
               the
               Ingeniosi
               ,
               t
               is
               certain
               that
               a
               pure
               and
               naked
               index
               of
               the
               Antiquities
               which
               he
               hath
               collected
               ,
               would
               alone
               advance
               the
               studious
               of
               good
               Letters
               no
               less
               in
               sacred
               then
               Profane
               Learning
               .
            
             
               On
               the
               left
               hand
               of
               the
               Campidoglio
               ,
               raises
               it self
               a
               Temple
               and
               the
               Monastery
               of
               the
               Franciscans
               called
               Araceli
               ,
               to
               which
               they
               ascend
               by
               124
               marble
               steps
               distinguished
               into
               five
               degrees
               :
               The
               Temple
               is
               supported
               by
               two
               ranks
               of
               Marble
               Pillars
               on
               both
               sides
               ,
               then
               which
               the
               world
               affords
               not
               a
               more
               sumptuous
               ,
               the
               Vatican
               set
               apart
               :
               This
               Temple
               in
               old
               time
               was
               dedicated
               to
               
                 Jovi
                 Feretrio
              
               by
               Romulus
               after
               the
               Sabyn
               warr
               ,
               because
               in
               that
               place
               Jupiter
               gave
               assistance
               to
               the
               King
               then
               oppressed
               with
               the
               violence
               of
               his
               Enemies
               .
               On
               the
               left
               hand
               upon
               the
               third
               Pillar
               is
               engraven
               these
               words
               
                 A
                 Cubiculo
                 Augustorum
              
               ,
               and
               in
               other
               places
               of
               the
               Church
               ,
               are
               two
               statues
               of
               Constantine
               and
               Maximinian
               ,
               and
               at
               the
               two
               horses
               of
               Castori
               set
               at
               the
               top
               of
               the
               steps
               ,
               is
               represented
               a
               fair
               prospective
               from
               the
               entrance
               to
               the
               inward
               part
               .
            
             
               In
               the
               Piazza
               of
               the
               Campidoglio
               ,
               stands
               a
               great
               statue
               of
               
                 Marcus
                 Aurelius
                 Antoninus
              
               ,
               or
               as
               others
               think
               of
               
                 Lucius
                 Verus
              
               ,
               of
               Septimius
               ,
               of
               Metellus
               on
               horseback
               ,
               t
               was
               transferred
               hither
               from
               
                 San
                 Gio
                 Laterano
              
               ,
               by
               order
               of
               Pope
               Paul
               the
               third
               a
               Farnesian
               .
            
             
               Near
               the
               Pallace
               rise
               great
               statues
               of
               Rivers
               ,
               to
               wit
               of
               the
               Nyle
               ,
               with
               a
               Sphinx
               under
               it
               ,
               of
               the
               Tygre
               ,
               with
               a
               Tyger
               near
               ,
               both
               having
               their
               heads
               bedecked
               with
               flowers
               brought
               from
               the
               Rivers
               ,
               and
               another
               great
               statue
               ,
               by
               some
               thought
               to
               represent
               the
               Rhene
               a
               River
               of
               Germany
               ,
               by
               others
               to
               be
               an
               Image
               of
               
                 Jupiter
                 Panarius
              
               ,
               because
               the
               Romans
               freed
               themselves
               from
               the
               siege
               of
               the
               French
               by
               casting
               bread
               into
               their
               Tents
               :
               This
               Statue
               is
               called
               Marforio
               ,
               and
               by
               means
               of
               it
               they
               use
               to
               answer
               to
               the
               slaunders
               of
               Pasquino
               .
            
             
               Upon
               a
               collateral
               stayer
               .
               Case
               stands
               a
               Columne
               called
               Milliaria
               upon
               which
               are
               engraven
               two
               inscriptions
               the
               one
               of
               Vespasian
               the
               other
               of
               Nero
               Emperours
               .
            
             
               In
               the
               
                 Pallazzo
                 dei
                 Conservatori
              
               are
               many
               things
               worth
               a
               view
               ,
               among
               others
               alyonholding
               a
               horse
               with
               his
               teeth
               ,
               whose
               miraculous
               workmanship
               
                 Mic.
                 Angelo
              
               was
               wont
               to
               cry
               up
               to
               the
               skies
               .
               Near
               it
               appears
               a
               most
               antient
               Tombe
               at
               the
               ascent
               upon
               the
               steps
               ,
               and
               a
               Pillar
               pointed
               with
               Iron
               with
               its
               inscription
               ,
               (
               according
               to
               the
               manner
               of
               those
               antient
               times
               )
               of
               
                 C.
                 Duilio
              
               ,
               in
               honour
               of
               whom
               (
               having
               overthrown
               the
               Carthaginians
               )
               this
               was
               erected
               :
               Hereof
               many
               Authors
               make
               mention
               .
               Beyond
               which
               are
               certain
               tablets
               engraven
               ,
               with
               the
               Triumph
               of
               Aurelius
               ,
               and
               a
               sacrifice
               made
               by
               him
               ,
               and
               at
               the
               entrance
               of
               the
               Gate
               are
               carved
               in
               Marble
               the
               Measures
               or
               scannings
               of
               the
               Greek
               and
               Roman
               Foot
               :
               by
               which
               you
               behold
               an
               old
               statue
               believed
               
               falsly
               of
               Marius
               in
               a
               gown
               .
               In
               the
               hall
               of
               the
               Conservatori
               stands
               a
               Hercules
               in
               brass
               guilt
               ,
               with
               his
               Club
               in
               the
               right
               hand
               ,
               and
               one
               of
               the
               Hesperian
               apples
               in
               the
               left
               ,
               this
               was
               found
               in
               the
               
                 Foro
                 Boario
              
               in
               the
               ruines
               of
               the
               
                 Ara
                 Maxima
              
               ,
               A
               Satyr
               of
               Marble
               with
               the
               legs
               of
               a
               Goat
               bound
               to
               a
               Tree
               :
               a
               Statue
               of
               Brass
               upon
               a
               Marble
               Pillar
               of
               Juno
               sitting
               picking
               a
               thorn
               out
               of
               her
               foot
               .
               With
               another
               figure
               of
               brass
               of
               a
               wolfe
               ,
               giving
               suck
               to
               Romulus
               and
               Remus
               .
               This
               was
               formerly
               kept
               in
               the
               Cornicio
               ,
               near
               the
               Ruminale
               ,
               whence
               t
               was
               first
               ,
               translated
               to
               
                 S
                 Giovanni
                 Laterano
              
               ,
               and
               thence
               to
               the
               Campidoglio
               :
               Both
               these
               Figures
               having
               a
               general
               applause
               from
               all
               beholders
               .
            
             
               Being
               entred
               into
               the
               Hall
               of
               the
               said
               Pallace
               ,
               you
               behold
               the
               lofty
               seats
               (
               so
               famous
               through
               the
               world
               )
               of
               the
               Magistrates
               and
               the
               Roman
               Triumphs
               :
               These
               were
               translated
               hither
               from
               the
               Court
               where
               they
               were
               found
               by
               Commission
               of
               Paul
               the
               3d.
               that
               they
               might
               be
               viwed
               and
               considered
               :
               Upon
               the
               subject
               of
               those
               seats
               now
               somewhat
               decayed
               and
               broken
               through
               Age
               ,
               Cardinal
               
                 Michele
                 Silvio
              
               composed
               certain
               smooth
               verses
               there
               to
               be
               read
               ,
               Where
               also
               you
               find
               an
               honourable
               memorial
               in
               marble
               of
               the
               deeds
               of
               the
               most
               illustrious
               
                 Alexander
                 Farnese
              
               ,
               Son
               of
               Ottavio
               Duke
               of
               Parma
               ,
               whose
               statue
               stands
               in
               the
               same
               place
               ,
               as
               also
               that
               of
               
                 M
                 Antonio
                 Colonna
              
               ,
               who
               together
               with
               
                 Giovanni
                 d'Austria
              
               ,
               obtained
               a
               glorious
               victory
               on
               the
               Sea
               against
               the
               Turks
               in
               the
               Cursolari
               :
               Together
               with
               some
               great
               statues
               of
               Popes
               ,
               in
               a
               sitting
               posture
               as
               t
               were
               giving
               Benediction
               to
               the
               People
               as
               of
               Leo
               the
               10th
               .
               Gregory
               the
               13th
               .
               Sixtus
               the
               5th
               .
               all
               well
               deservers
               of
               the
               Christian
               Republique
               ;
               and
               other
               things
               giving
               delight
               to
               the
               Spectator
               .
            
             
               In
               the
               passage
               from
               the
               Campidoglio
               ,
               to
               the
               
                 Rupe
                 Tarpeia
              
               in
               view
               of
               the
               
                 Piazza
                 Montanara
              
               ,
               stood
               the
               Temple
               of
               
                 Jovis
                 Optimi
                 Maximi
              
               ,
               which
               was
               the
               largest
               Temple
               of
               Rome
               ,
               built
               by
               
                 Tarquinius
                 Priscus
              
               ,
               and
               adorned
               &
               inriched
               by
               
                 Tarquinius
                 Superbus
              
               ,
               with
               the
               expence
               of
               forty
               thousand
               pound
               of
               Silver
               .
            
          
           
             
               The
               Descent
               from
               the
               Campidoglio
               or
               ,
               Capitoll
               .
            
             
               FRom
               the
               Campidoglio
               or
               Capitol
               ,
               you
               go
               down
               into
               the
               
                 Foro
                 Romano
              
               ,
               which
               is
               the
               space
               of
               ground
               from
               the
               Arch
               of
               Septimius
               to
               the
               Church
               of
               
                 Santa
                 Maria
                 Nuova
              
               .
               At
               the
               foot
               of
               the
               Campidoglio
               ,
               you
               find
               the
               Triumphal
               Arch
               of
               
                 L.
                 Septimius
                 Severus
              
               entire
               ,
               saving
               that
               some
               part
               is
               under
               ground
               ,
               the
               Earth
               being
               raised
               by
               vast
               ruines
               of
               structures
               :
               it
               hath
               Inscriptions
               on
               both
               sides
               ,
               with
               the
               Warlike
               Expeditions
               made
               by
               that
               Emperor
               by
               Sea
               and
               Land.
               Here
               Camillus
               built
               a
               Temple
               &
               dedicated
               it
               to
               the
               Goddess
               Concordia
               ,
               when
               he
               had
               reconciled
               the
               Common
               people
               to
               the
               Senate
               ,
               whose
               also
               was
               that
               of
               
                 Juno
                 Moneta
              
               ,
               ascended
               by
               one
               hundred
               steps
               :
               'T
               was
               called
               
                 Junone
                 Moneta
              
               ,
               because
               it
               praemonished
               ,
               and
               advised
               Romans
               ,
               
               with
               an
               intelligible
               voice
               ,
               that
               the
               
                 Galli
                 Senones
              
               ,
               were
               coming
               upon
               them
               .
               Those
               eight
               Collumnes
               there
               now
               being
               ,
               on
               whose
               Capitols
               are
               inscribed
               these
               words
               
                 Senatus
                 Populusque
                 Romanus
                 incendio
                 consumptum
                 ,
                 reflituit
              
               ;
               are
               the
               Reliques
               of
               the
               said
               Temple
               of
               Concordia
               ,
               wherein
               the
               Senate
               frequently
               assembled
               ,
               and
               made
               their
               oraisons
               .
            
             
               On
               the
               left
               part
               of
               the
               descent
               from
               the
               Campidoglio
               ,
               lies
               the
               place
               called
               
                 Sancto
                 Pietro
              
               in
               Carcere
               ,
               consecrated
               by
               his
               holiness
               
                 San
                 Silvestro
              
               to
               
                 San
                 Pietro
              
               ,
               because
               he
               was
               there
               taken
               bound
               and
               imprisoned
               ,
               where
               a
               Feast
               was
               wont
               heretofore
               to
               be
               solemnized
               the
               first
               day
               of
               August
               in
               remembrance
               of
               the
               Chains
               wherewith
               Saint
               Peter
               was
               bound
               which
               was
               translated
               afterwards
               to
               
                 San
                 Pietro
              
               in
               Vincula
               ,
               in
               
                 Monte
                 Esquilie
              
               ,
               the
               Prisons
               were
               first
               built
               there
               by
               
                 Ancus
                 Martius
              
               ,
               to
               which
               
                 Servius
                 Tullius
              
               annexed
               the
               Vaults
               or
               Sellers
               under
               ground
               called
               
                 Tulliani
                 Carceres
              
               ,
               wherein
               (
               as
               Salust
               writes
               )
               those
               were
               strangled
               who
               had
               given
               in
               their
               names
               to
               Catalines
               conspiracy
               .
            
             
               The
               Church
               of
               
                 Santa
                 Martina
              
               (
               in
               whose
               angle
               the
               Colossus
               of
               Marforii
               lies
               )
               was
               formerly
               consecrate
               to
               
                 Mars
                 Ultor
              
               the
               Revenger
               .
               Augustus
               built
               and
               dedicated
               it
               after
               the
               Philippensian
               Warr
               in
               Pharsalia
               :
               some
               say
               ,
               That
               in
               this
               Church
               was
               the
               secret
               place
               where
               the
               Acts
               of
               the
               Senate
               were
               kept
               .
               In
               it
               is
               a
               Title
               made
               in
               the
               times
               of
               Theodosius
               and
               Honorius
               the
               Emperors
               .
            
             
               Next
               unto
               it
               is
               the
               Church
               of
               
                 Santo
                 Adriano
              
               ,
               antiently
               the
               Temple
               of
               Saturn
               ,
               built
               or
               rather
               restored
               by
               
                 Manutio
                 Planco
              
               ,
               being
               first
               dedicated
               by
               Minutio
               &
               Sempronio
               the
               Consuls
               :
               This
               was
               the
               Exchequer
               of
               Rome
               ,
               wherein
               the
               publique
               Treasury
               was
               preserved
               as
               we
               read
               that
               in
               the
               time
               of
               
                 Scipio
                 Emilianus
              
               it
               had
               in
               it
               eleaven
               thousand
               pound
               weight
               of
               pure
               gold
               ,
               and
               ninety
               two
               thousand
               pound
               weight
               of
               silver
               ,
               beside
               an
               infinite
               quantity
               of
               coyned
               moneys
               .
               Here
               also
               the
               
                 Tabulae
                 Elephantinae
              
               were
               layed
               up
               ,
               wherein
               the
               numbers
               of
               the
               35
               tribes
               of
               Rome
               ,
               were
               recorded
               :
               as
               also
               the
               Military
               Ensignes
               ,
               the
               Decrees
               of
               the
               Senate
               ,
               the
               publick
               Acts
               ,
               with
               the
               spoils
               of
               the
               Provinces
               and
               conquered
               Nations
               .
            
             
               'T
               is
               supposed
               that
               
                 Santa
                 Maria
                 Liberatrice
              
               ,
               was
               a
               Temple
               dedicated
               to
               
                 Venus
                 Generatrix
              
               ,
               It
               stands
               at
               the
               Foot
               of
               the
               Palatine
               ,
               those
               three
               hollow
               Pillars
               some
               believe
               to
               be
               those
               before
               the
               foot
               of
               the
               
                 Ponte
                 aureo
              
               of
               Caligula
               ,
               which
               was
               supported
               by
               80
               Pillars
               ,
               made
               with
               incredible
               cost
               ,
               over
               which
               they
               passed
               from
               the
               Pallace
               to
               the
               Capitoll
               .
            
             
               The
               Pillar
               at
               
                 Santa
                 Maria
                 Liberatrice
              
               ,
               is
               one
               of
               those
               upon
               which
               was
               placed
               the
               golden
               Statue
               by
               Domitian
               ,
               near
               which
               stood
               the
               Statue
               of
               the
               River
               Rhene
               ,
               now
               called
               Marforio
               and
               is
               in
               the
               Campidoglio
               ,
               Erected
               by
               Domitian
               for
               that
               that
               Emperor
               triumphed
               over
               the
               Germans
               .
            
             
               Near
               it
               was
               the
               Temple
               of
               Concord
               ,
               with
               that
               of
               
                 Julius
                 Caesar
              
               on
               its
               right
               hand
               ,
               and
               that
               of
               
                 Paulus
                 AEmilius
              
               on
               its
               left
               hand
               ,
               whose
               structure
               cost
               nine
               hundred
               thousand
               Crowns
               .
            
             
               Those
               high
               wals
               which
               are
               beheld
               at
               the
               Foot
               of
               the
               Palatine
               are
               part
               of
               the
               
                 Rostri
                 Nuovi
              
               ,
               which
               were
               so
               called
               for
               that
               there
               they
               setled
               the
               Rostra
               or
               stemm
               of
               their
               Galleys
               :
               here
               now
               is
               the
               Vineyard
               of
               Cardinal
               Farnese
               .
               There
               Cicero
               frequently
               made
               his
               Orations
               
               there
               the
               Fathers
               assembled
               and
               made
               Laws
               ,
               and
               there
               the
               head
               and
               hand
               of
               Cicero
               (
               which
               wrote
               his
               Philippick
               Orations
               )
               were
               fixed
               to
               a
               Spear
               by
               command
               of
               Antonius
               the
               Triumvir
               ,
               whose
               dishonourable
               deeds
               are
               therein
               declaimed
               against
               .
               The
               
                 Rostri
                 Vecchie
              
               ,
               were
               in
               the
               
                 Corte
                 Hostilia
              
               ,
               near
               the
               place
               of
               the
               Council
               which
               touched
               the
               Church
               
                 Santa
                 Maria
                 Nuova
              
               ,
               which
               place
               is
               called
               Comitia
               as
               much
               as
               to
               say
               a
               place
               to
               retire
               themselves
               together
               in
               :
               for
               here
               the
               senate
               and
               People
               of
               Rome
               assembled
               to
               treat
               of
               the
               affairs
               of
               the
               the
               Common-Wealth
               :
               and
               there
               is
               built
               now
               the
               holy
               house
               of
               
                 Sancta
                 Maria
                 de
                 inferno
              
               .
            
             
               The
               Temple
               of
               
                 San
                 Lorenzo
              
               in
               Miranda
               ,
               stands
               in
               the
               ruines
               of
               the
               Temple
               of
               Faustina
               and
               of
               Antonio
               ,
               where
               we
               find
               this
               Inscription
               
                 Divo
                 Antonino
                 ,
                 &
                 Divae
                 Faustinae
                 S.
                 C.
              
               As
               also
               twelve
               fair
               Pillars
               ,
               near
               which
               stood
               the
               Arch
               of
               Fabius
               ,
               and
               the
               covering
               of
               the
               Palace
               ▪
               which
               was
               called
               Libone
               .
            
             
               The
               Piazza
               of
               
                 Julius
                 Caesar
              
               ,
               extended
               from
               the
               Temple
               Faustina
               to
               that
               of
               
                 Santa
                 Maria
              
               but
               at
               the
               Piazza
               of
               Augustus
               the
               Church
               of
               
                 Santo
                 Adriano
              
               ,
               in
               Trefori
               ,
               is
               conjoyned
               with
               it
               ,
               And
               in
               that
               of
               Augustus
               ,
               were
               certain
               Porticues
               and
               in
               them
               statues
               of
               illustrious
               Men
               set
               up
               by
               Augustus
               who
               lived
               in
               the
               house
               of
               Livia
               ,
               in
               the
               
                 Via
                 Sacra
              
               .
               The
               Temple
               of
               
                 Santi
                 Cosmo
              
               and
               Damiano
               ,
               was
               antiently
               dedicated
               to
               Castor
               and
               Pollux
               which
               some
               alledge
               without
               foundation
               to
               be
               the
               Temple
               of
               Romulus
               and
               Remus
               .
            
             
               The
               Temple
               of
               Peace
               ,
               begun
               by
               Clandius
               and
               finished
               by
               Vespasian
               ,
               was
               most
               magnificent
               and
               stately
               ,
               of
               whose
               most
               high
               structure
               some
               reliques
               yet
               remain
               not
               far
               from
               the
               Church
               of
               
                 Santa
                 Maria
                 Nova
              
               ,
               and
               one
               Pillar
               yet
               entire
               ,
               the
               highest
               and
               biggest
               of
               all
               Rome
               In
               the
               gardens
               of
               
                 Santa
                 Maria
                 Nova
              
               ,
               appear
               yet
               two
               high
               round
               courses
               of
               two
               antient
               Temples
               of
               the
               Sun
               and
               Moon
               ,
               which
               some
               will
               have
               to
               be
               of
               Isis
               &
               Serapis
               .
               There
               Tatius
               built
               a
               Temple
               to
               Vulcan
               ,
               and
               in
               that
               quarter
               AEsculapius
               also
               had
               a
               Temple
               ,
               and
               Concordia
               ,
               built
               by
               Fulvius
               in
               anno
               303.
               after
               the
               erecting
               of
               the
               Capitol
               :
               Out
               of
               which
               Temple
               of
               Concordia
               ,
               t
               is
               thought
               Vespasian
               afterwards
               raised
               that
               of
               Peace
               ,
               translating
               to
               it
               moreover
               many
               ornaments
               from
               the
               Temple
               of
               Solomon
               ,
               after
               he
               had
               destroyed
               Jerusalem
               .
            
             
               Not
               far
               distant
               from
               the
               
                 Via
                 sacra
              
               ,
               stands
               the
               Marble
               Arch
               of
               
                 Titus
                 Vespasian
              
               ,
               wherein
               are
               carved
               the
               pomp
               of
               the
               Triumph
               ,
               and
               the
               spoyls
               brought
               from
               Jerusalem
               at
               the
               overthrow
               of
               the
               Jewes
               ,
               as
               the
               Ark
               of
               the
               Covenant
               the
               Candlestick
               for
               the
               seaven
               Lights
               ,
               The
               Table
               whereon
               they
               set
               the
               bread
               of
               the
               Proposition
               or
               shewbread
               The
               Table
               of
               the
               ten
               Commandements
               delivered
               by
               God
               to
               Moses
               ,
               and
               the
               sacred
               Vessels
               all
               of
               pure
               gold
               ,
               used
               in
               the
               sacrifices
               by
               the
               Hebrews
               ,
               besides
               which
               the
               Triumphal
               Chariot
               of
               the
               Emperor
               is
               carved
               thereon
               with
               this
               Inscription
               .
               
                 
                   Senatus
                   Populusque
                   Romanus
                   Divo
                   Tito
                   ,
                
                 
                   Divi
                   Vespatiani
                   F.
                   Vespasiano
                   Augusto
                   .
                
              
            
             
               The
               Foro
               or
               Court
               
                 di
                 Nerva
              
               is
               also
               called
               Transitorio
               ,
               or
               the
               passage
               because
               through
               it
               they
               passed
               into
               the
               
                 Foro
                 Romano
              
               ,
               and
               in
               that
               of
               Augusto
               ,
               where
               stands
               the
               
                 Arco
                 di
                 Noe
              
               ,
               so
               called
               corruptly
               by
               the
               Vulgar
               
               stood
               the
               noble
               Picture
               
                 di
                 Nerva
              
               ,
               where
               in
               Fret
               work
               are
               these
               words
               .
               Imperator
               
                 Nerva
                 Caesar
                 Augustus
                 Pont.
                 Tib.
                 Pont.
                 II.
                 ●…mp
                 .
                 II
                 ▪
                 Procoris
                 .
              
               The
               Fragments
               of
               this
               Arch
               are
               yet
               extant
               between
               the
               Church
               Saint
               Basilio
               ,
               &
               the
               Tower
               for
               the
               Militia
               .
               Near
               it
               riseth
               a
               certain
               square
               structure
               called
               by
               the
               vulgar
               
                 Studiolo
                 di
                 Virgilio
              
               ,
               &
               they
               ridiculously
               fable
               ,
               That
               the
               Poet
               was
               hung
               out
               of
               it
               by
               a
               certain
               whore
               for
               a
               spectacle
               to
               the
               People
               one
               whole
               day
               .
               Which
               to
               revenge
               Virgil
               (
               Who
               studied
               the
               Magick
               Art
               )
               effected
               that
               the
               Fire
               in
               the
               whole
               City
               was
               extinguished
               ,
               and
               all
               the
               people
               forced
               to
               give
               fire
               to
               their
               Candles
               and
               Lights
               at
               the
               flames
               which
               were
               raised
               for
               shaming
               of
               the
               Strumpets
               .
               This
               fable
               is
               painted
               every
               where
               but
               without
               an
               Author
               :
               Nor
               is
               it
               likely
               any
               such
               thing
               could
               happen
               to
               that
               great
               
                 Vir
                 gil
              
               ,
               who
               for
               his
               continency
               was
               called
               
                 Parthe
                 nius
              
               .
               If
               any
               thing
               in
               this
               Fable
               be
               true
               I
               suppose
               t
               was
               writ
               of
               some
               other
               Virgil
               a
               Magician
               by
               whom
               the
               Neapolitanes
               speak
               also
               many
               things
               to
               have
               been
               performed
               :
               among
               others
               that
               by
               the
               Magick
               Art
               he
               hollowed
               the
               Mountain
               Posylipum
               and
               made
               it
               penetrable
               ,
               the
               Sepulchre
               of
               Virgil
               is
               erected
               near
               this
               famous
               Cavern
               .
            
             
               Near
               the
               Temple
               of
               Peace
               is
               that
               of
               the
               
                 Santi
                 Cosmo
              
               and
               Damiano
               ,
               which
               was
               the
               Court
               of
               Romulus
               ,
               where
               the
               Senate
               congregated
               when
               they
               had
               any
               important
               affair
               to
               consult
               about
               :
               It
               was
               wholly
               burnt
               ,
               when
               they
               burned
               the
               body
               of
               
                 Publius
                 Claudius
              
               ,
               slain
               by
               
                 T.
                 Annione
                 Milone
              
               ,
               with
               the
               
                 Basilica
                 Portia
              
               near
               it
               ,
               which
               
                 Marco
                 Portio
                 Catone
              
               the
               Censor
               reared
               a
               top
               of
               the
               house
               of
               Mevio
               .
               There
               was
               also
               another
               Court
               in
               
                 Monte
                 Celio
              
               ,
               where
               now
               stands
               the
               Church
               consecrated
               to
               
                 Santo
                 Gregori
              
               .
            
             
               
                 MONTE
                 PALATINO
                 .
              
               
                 THis
                 Hill
                 was
                 inhabited
                 many
                 yeers
                 before
                 the
                 building
                 of
                 Rome
                 and
                 there
                 when
                 at
                 its
                 greatest
                 splendour
                 ,
                 did
                 the
                 Emperors
                 and
                 other
                 ,
                 great
                 Personages
                 for
                 a
                 long
                 time
                 reside
                 ,
                 but
                 now
                 t
                 is
                 overwhelmed
                 with
                 Ruines
                 ,
                 and
                 so
                 great
                 a
                 Devastation
                 ,
                 that
                 t
                 is
                 the
                 most
                 uninhabited
                 Place
                 of
                 Rome
                 :
                 besides
                 its
                 Desert
                 uncouthness
                 and
                 Thorns
                 ,
                 affording
                 nothing
                 of
                 good
                 more
                 than
                 a
                 little
                 Church
                 of
                 Saint
                 Nicholo
                 ,
                 some
                 Cottages
                 ,
                 and
                 a
                 Vineyard
                 of
                 Cardinal
                 Farnese
                 .
                 Thereon
                 of
                 old
                 stood
                 these
                 stately
                 Temples
                 following
                 to
                 wit
                 ,
                 one
                 dedicate
                 to
                 Vittoria
                 built
                 by
                 
                   C.
                   Posthumius
                
                 the
                 AEdile
                 ,
                 Another
                 to
                 Apollo
                 ,
                 which
                 being
                 destroyed
                 ,
                 was
                 afterwards
                 restored
                 by
                 
                   Augustus
                   Caesar
                
                 ,
                 to
                 greaer
                 beauty
                 ,
                 with
                 the
                 addition
                 of
                 that
                 Porticue
                 ,
                 whose
                 reliques
                 yet
                 remain
                 more
                 entire
                 than
                 any
                 other
                 in
                 Rome
                 ,
                 a
                 third
                 to
                 the
                 Penati
                 brought
                 thither
                 by
                 AEneas
                 ,
                 and
                 honoured
                 with
                 much
                 reverence
                 :
              
               
                 Others
                 to
                 the
                 Gods
                 Lari
                 ,
                 to
                 Faith
                 ,
                 to
                 
                   Jove
                   Victorius
                
                 ,
                 to
                 Heliogabalus
                 ,
                 to
                 Orco
                 and
                 many
                 other
                 Gods
                 ,
                 of
                 whose
                 Temples
                 not
                 any
                 imaginable
                 Vestigia
                 are
                 now
                 extant
                 :
                 And
                 those
                 magnificent
                 Palaces
                 of
                 the
                 
                   Coesars
                   ,
                   Tarquinius
                   Priscus
                
                 the
                 King
                 ,
                 of
                 Cicero
                 who
                 bought
                 his
                 Pallace
                 of
                 Crassus
                 for
                 50
                 thousand
                 Crowns
                 :
                 of
                 
                   Marcus
                   Flaccus
                
                 which
                 stood
                 neer
                 that
                 which
                 was
                 bought
                 by
                 Cicero
                 ,
                 whereof
                 
                   Q.
                   Catullus
                
                 made
                 a
                 great
                 Lodge
                 .
              
               
                 That
                 part
                 of
                 the
                 Palatino
                 which
                 lies
                 towards
                 the
                 Arch
                 of
                 
                   T.
                   Vespasian
                
                 ,
                 is
                 called
                 Germano
                 ,
                 from
                 the
                 Twyn
                 Brothers
                 Romulus
                 and
                 Remus
                 ,
                 
                 there
                 brought
                 up
                 by
                 Faustulus
                 the
                 Shepheard
                 whose
                 habitation
                 was
                 in
                 that
                 place
                 :
                 the
                 space
                 from
                 thence
                 to
                 the
                 Arch
                 of
                 Constantine
                 the
                 Great
                 was
                 called
                 Vela
                 ,
                 for
                 that
                 there
                 the
                 Shepheards
                 dwelt
                 ,
                 whose
                 custome
                 was
                 to
                 fleece
                 or
                 pluck
                 the
                 Wool
                 from
                 off
                 the
                 sheep
                 (
                 whence
                 they
                 were
                 called
                 in
                 Latin
                 Vellera
                 ,
                 Fleeces
                 of
                 Wool
                 )
                 before
                 the
                 way
                 of
                 shearing
                 was
                 invented
                 .
              
               
                 Towards
                 
                   Santa
                   Maria
                   Nova
                   ,
                   Scaurus
                
                 had
                 a
                 noble
                 Palace
                 with
                 an
                 Open
                 gallery
                 supported
                 with
                 Pillars
                 forty
                 foot
                 high
                 without
                 the
                 bases
                 or
                 capitol
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 great
                 Palace
                 Gregostaci
                 ,
                 was
                 so
                 denominated
                 ,
                 for
                 that
                 there
                 they
                 usually
                 entertained
                 the
                 Embassadors
                 of
                 divers
                 Nations
                 :
                 Here
                 
                   Quintus
                   Flaminius
                
                 dedicated
                 a
                 statue
                 to
                 Concordia
                 ,
                 when
                 he
                 had
                 reconciled
                 the
                 People
                 to
                 the
                 Senate
                 ,
                 or
                 rather
                 the
                 Senate
                 to
                 the
                 People
                 .
                 The
                 Church
                 
                   Sant
                   '
                   Andrea
                
                 ,
                 in
                 Pallaria
                 ,
                 is
                 the
                 old
                 Temple
                 ,
                 wherein
                 the
                 Palladium
                 and
                 Penati
                 ,
                 which
                 AEneas
                 brought
                 with
                 him
                 from
                 Troy
                 into
                 Italy
                 were
                 at
                 first
                 placed
                 ,
                 but
                 afterwards
                 transported
                 into
                 the
                 Temple
                 of
                 Vesta
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 charge
                 of
                 them
                 committed
                 to
                 the
                 Vestal
                 Virgins
                 .
                 Near
                 it
                 stood
                 the
                 house
                 of
                 
                   Valerius
                   Publicola
                
                 ,
                 which
                 for
                 some
                 suspicion
                 raised
                 among
                 the
                 People
                 ,
                 they
                 levelled
                 with
                 the
                 ground
                 in
                 one
                 night
                 .
              
               
                 On
                 that
                 part
                 of
                 the
                 Palatine
                 towards
                 
                   Monte
                   Celio
                
                 ,
                 stood
                 a
                 Temple
                 of
                 Cibele
                 called
                 also
                 Dindimene
                 and
                 Ope
                 ,
                 The
                 Image
                 of
                 which
                 Goddess
                 was
                 translated
                 from
                 Ida
                 a
                 Place
                 in
                 Phrygia
                 to
                 Rome
                 ,
                 and
                 reverenced
                 with
                 great
                 devotion
                 .
                 On
                 that
                 part
                 respecting
                 the
                 Aventino
                 ,
                 was
                 the
                 house
                 wherein
                 
                   Augustus
                   Caesar
                
                 was
                 born
                 ,
                 whose
                 ruins
                 yet
                 arise
                 to
                 a
                 vast
                 altitude
                 :
                 to
                 which
                 was
                 adjoyned
                 a
                 Temple
                 of
                 Apollo
                 ,
                 upon
                 whose
                 top
                 was
                 fixed
                 a
                 golden
                 Chariot
                 of
                 the
                 Sun
                 ,
                 of
                 which
                 some
                 fragments
                 are
                 yet
                 in
                 being
                 ,
                 as
                 also
                 a
                 Library
                 ,
                 called
                 Palatina
                 :
                 Wherein
                 stood
                 a
                 statue
                 of
                 Apollo
                 ,
                 as
                 Master
                 of
                 the
                 Chorus
                 among
                 the
                 Muses
                 raised
                 50.
                 .....
                 the
                 noble
                 work
                 of
                 Scopa
                 ,
                 It
                 may
                 be
                 conjectured
                 that
                 the
                 Baths
                 of
                 Palatini
                 lay
                 in
                 the
                 Vinyard
                 of
                 
                   Thomaso
                   Faedra
                
                 ,
                 a
                 Roman
                 Gentleman
                 towards
                 the
                 
                   Arco
                   Massimo
                
                 ,
                 approaching
                 which
                 were
                 the
                 Curia
                 of
                 the
                 Salii
                 ,
                 and
                 Auguri
                 ,
                 with
                 other
                 Fabricks
                 ,
                 into
                 these
                 Baths
                 by
                 an
                 Aqueduct
                 ,
                 rann
                 a
                 stream
                 of
                 the
                 
                   Aqua
                   Claudia
                
                 .
              
               
                 At
                 the
                 foot
                 of
                 Mount
                 Palatine
                 ,
                 to
                 wit
                 at
                 the
                 Pillars
                 of
                 the
                 Gallery
                 of
                 Caligula
                 ,
                 is
                 a
                 round
                 Fabrick
                 ,
                 being
                 the
                 Church
                 
                   S.
                   Theodosius
                
                 ,
                 which
                 was
                 at
                 first
                 built
                 and
                 consecrated
                 to
                 
                   Jupiter
                   stator
                
                 ,
                 by
                 Romulus
                 ,
                 about
                 the
                 time
                 of
                 the
                 Sabyn
                 warr
                 ,
                 when
                 the
                 Romans
                 turned
                 tail
                 ,
                 and
                 running
                 away
                 ,
                 were
                 by
                 the
                 entreaties
                 of
                 Romulus
                 perswaded
                 to
                 face
                 their
                 Enemies
                 ,
                 and
                 receive
                 Victory
                 ,
                 some
                 say
                 that
                 this
                 was
                 not
                 the
                 Temple
                 of
                 
                   Jupiter
                   Stator
                
                 ,
                 but
                 that
                 it
                 was
                 the
                 ruins
                 of
                 the
                 old
                 Court
                 which
                 stood
                 near
                 the
                 Temple
                 of
                 Concordia
                 .
              
               
                 Leaving
                 the
                 Temple
                 of
                 
                   Janus
                   Quadrifrons
                
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 
                   Foro
                   Boario
                
                 ,
                 in
                 the
                 descent
                 to
                 the
                 
                   Circo
                   Maximo
                
                 ,
                 you
                 meet
                 a
                 hollow
                 place
                 into
                 which
                 out
                 of
                 certain
                 Pipes
                 run
                 copious
                 waters
                 ,
                 where
                 the
                 Women
                 wash
                 their
                 Linnen
                 ;
                 t
                 is
                 said
                 that
                 here
                 were
                 the
                 Fountains
                 of
                 the
                 Nimph
                 Junturna
                 in
                 Velabro
                 ,
                 now
                 called
                 
                   Fonti
                   S.
                   Georgii
                
                 .
                 The
                 Vault
                 which
                 appears
                 contiguous
                 with
                 a
                 great
                 Arched
                 common
                 Shoar
                 ,
                 was
                 built
                 by
                 Tarquin
                 ,
                 for
                 reception
                 of
                 the
                 Channels
                 and
                 Filth
                 of
                 the
                 Citty
                 ,
                 with
                 a
                 commodious
                 conveyance
                 thence
                 into
                 the
                 Tyber
                 .
                 Which
                 Arch
                 was
                 so
                 ample
                 ,
                 that
                 a
                 Cart
                 and
                 Horses
                 might
                 conveniently
                 passe
                 
                 thorow
                 it
                 .
                 We
                 read
                 that
                 the
                 Censors
                 sometime
                 sould
                 the
                 Filth
                 of
                 this
                 Vault
                 and
                 sink
                 for
                 the
                 fatning
                 the
                 Fields
                 about
                 ,
                 to
                 certain
                 persone
                 for
                 600000.
                 
                 Crowns
                 ,
                 which
                 when
                 t
                 was
                 told
                 the
                 Emperor
                 ,
                 he
                 answered
                 .
                 
                   Odor
                   Lucri
                   bonus
                   ex
                   re
                   qualibet
                   .
                
              
               
                 Now
                 t
                 is
                 called
                 Chiavica
                 ,
                 Close
                 by
                 which
                 lies
                 the
                 
                   Lago
                   Curtio
                
                 ,
                 a
                 Lake
                 so
                 denominated
                 from
                 Curtius
                 who
                 threw
                 himself
                 and
                 horse
                 armed
                 praecipitously
                 into
                 that
                 Vorago
                 ,
                 or
                 opening
                 of
                 the
                 Earth
                 ,
                 that
                 he
                 might
                 avert
                 the
                 pestilential
                 Ayr
                 exhaling
                 out
                 of
                 it
                 ,
                 which
                 infested
                 Rome
                 with
                 a
                 great
                 contagion
                 .
                 There
                 also
                 grew
                 the
                 Grove
                 of
                 
                   Numa
                   Pompilius
                
                 ,
                 wherein
                 he
                 spoke
                 and
                 treated
                 with
                 the
                 
                   Nimphe
                   AEgeria
                
                 ,
                 from
                 whom
                 he
                 learned
                 the
                 Ceremonies
                 of
                 the
                 Sacrifices
                 ,
                 and
                 where
                 t
                 was
                 unlawfull
                 for
                 any
                 one
                 to
                 spit
                 .
                 In
                 this
                 place
                 the
                 Ashes
                 of
                 the
                 
                   Galli
                   Senones
                
                 were
                 layed
                 up
                 ,
                 now
                 t
                 is
                 called
                 Dolioli
                 ,
                 from
                 the
                 Dolia
                 or
                 earthen
                 Vessels
                 ,
                 wherein
                 they
                 put
                 the
                 Ashes
                 of
                 the
                 slain
                 ,
                 to
                 be
                 buried
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 The
                 
                   GIRCO
                   MASSIMO
                
                 ,
              
               
                 OF
                 all
                 the
                 Ornaments
                 of
                 the
                 
                   Circo
                   Maximo
                
                 scarce
                 any
                 thing
                 is
                 to
                 be
                 seen
                 ,
                 more
                 than
                 the
                 entire
                 circumscription
                 of
                 the
                 place
                 whereby
                 its
                 amplitude
                 is
                 discerned
                 :
                 It
                 lies
                 between
                 the
                 Palatino
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Aventino
                 ,
                 and
                 is
                 about
                 half
                 a
                 mile
                 long
                 and
                 three
                 Acres
                 broad
                 which
                 some
                 say
                 was
                 capable
                 of
                 260
                 thousand
                 men
                 ,
                 others
                 restrain
                 it
                 to
                 one
                 hundred
                 and
                 fifty
                 thousand
                 .
                 Here
                 Romulus
                 first
                 set
                 forth
                 the
                 
                   Consaulian
                   Games
                
                 to
                 the
                 God
                 Conso
                 ,
                 after
                 the
                 rape
                 of
                 the
                 Sabyn
                 Women
                 .
                 
                   Tarquinius
                   Priscus
                
                 designed
                 and
                 
                   Tarquinius
                   Superbus
                
                 built
                 the
                 place
                 ,
                 for
                 the
                 celebration
                 of
                 the
                 Circensian
                 games
                 ,
                 and
                 other
                 Solaces
                 for
                 the
                 People
                 ,
                 which
                 Augustus
                 adorned
                 ,
                 Gaius
                 amplified
                 ,
                 Trajan
                 repaired
                 and
                 augmented
                 the
                 Fabrick
                 ,
                 and
                 Heliogabalus
                 paved
                 it
                 .
                 At
                 present
                 t
                 is
                 all
                 about
                 in
                 Gardens
                 ,
                 but
                 some
                 steps
                 and
                 roofs
                 of
                 little
                 cels
                 remain
                 ,
                 which
                 are
                 supposed
                 to
                 have
                 been
                 the
                 Offices
                 of
                 the
                 Actors
                 in
                 the
                 Games
                 ,
                 or
                 of
                 such
                 as
                 uttered
                 beer
                 and
                 other
                 necessaries
                 ,
                 to
                 the
                 People
                 resorting
                 to
                 the
                 shews
                 .
                 Others
                 think
                 them
                 to
                 haue
                 been
                 the
                 stews
                 wherein
                 the
                 Whores
                 dwelt
                 ,
                 exposing
                 their
                 bodies
                 to
                 sale
                 for
                 gaine
                 .
                 Neptune
                 had
                 a
                 Temple
                 conjoined
                 with
                 this
                 Circ
                 ,
                 whereof
                 some
                 ruines
                 are
                 yet
                 to
                 be
                 seen
                 incrusted
                 with
                 Fish
                 shels
                 .
                 Where
                 the
                 Church
                 of
                 
                   S.
                   Anastatia
                
                 stands
                 ,
                 were
                 erected
                 two
                 Obelisks
                 ,
                 the
                 one
                 of
                 which
                 being
                 132
                 foot
                 long
                 without
                 the
                 bases
                 ,
                 was
                 translated
                 by
                 Sixtus
                 the
                 5th
                 .
                 to
                 the
                 Vatican
                 ,
                 the
                 other
                 was
                 88.
                 foot
                 high
                 .
                 Augustus
                 transported
                 both
                 out
                 of
                 AEgypt
                 ,
                 for
                 adorning
                 the
                 Circ
                 :
                 wherein
                 also
                 was
                 the
                 Naumachia
                 for
                 exercising
                 Sea-fights
                 :
                 a
                 place
                 now
                 consisting
                 of
                 boggs
                 and
                 Reeds
                 :
                 where
                 also
                 part
                 of
                 those
                 waters
                 flowed
                 which
                 by
                 an
                 Aqueduct
                 were
                 conveighed
                 into
                 the
                 Circ
                 ,
                 called
                 
                   Aquae
                   Claudiae
                
                 .
              
               
                 On
                 the
                 left
                 hand
                 rises
                 the
                 Moles
                 ,
                 or
                 vast
                 Fabrick
                 of
                 
                   Septimius
                   Severus
                
                 called
                 Settizonio
                 ,
                 from
                 its
                 seaven
                 floors
                 ,
                 than
                 which
                 no
                 structure
                 in
                 Rome
                 was
                 higher
                 .
                 The
                 Emperor
                 raised
                 it
                 to
                 that
                 altitude
                 ,
                 that
                 it
                 
                 might
                 be
                 Obuious
                 to
                 such
                 as
                 sayled
                 out
                 of
                 Africk
                 into
                 Italy
                 :
                 whoseing
                 it
                 ,
                 should
                 adore
                 his
                 Ashes
                 layed
                 up
                 at
                 the
                 very
                 top
                 of
                 it
                 ,
                 because
                 himself
                 was
                 an
                 African
                 by
                 birth
                 .
                 Of
                 which
                 immense
                 Edifice
                 three
                 Rafters
                 now
                 only
                 continue
                 ,
                 which
                 through
                 long
                 antiqnity
                 seeming
                 to
                 nod
                 ,
                 and
                 threaten
                 destruction
                 ,
                 Sixtus
                 the
                 5th
                 .
                 caused
                 to
                 be
                 levelled
                 with
                 the
                 foundation
                 to
                 the
                 great
                 dissatisfaction
                 of
                 the
                 Roman
                 people
                 .
                 One
                 part
                 of
                 the
                 Title
                 Legible
                 was
                 this
                 .
                 
                   Trib.
                   Pont.
                   VI.
                   Cons.
                   fortunatissimus
                   nobilissimus
                   .
                
              
            
             
               
                 The
                 
                   VIA
                   APPIA
                
                 .
              
               
                 THe
                 
                   Via
                   Appia
                
                 takes
                 its
                 beginning
                 at
                 the
                 Arch
                 Triumphal
                 of
                 Constantine
                 ,
                 and
                 leading
                 by
                 the
                 Settizonio
                 of
                 Severus
                 ,
                 conductes
                 one
                 to
                 the
                 Baths
                 of
                 Antoninus
                 ,
                 whence
                 it
                 passed
                 by
                 the
                 
                   Porta
                   Capena
                
                 ,
                 to
                 the
                 ruins
                 of
                 
                   Alba
                   Longa
                
                 ,
                 and
                 thence
                 to
                 Brindesi
                 .
                 Blind
                 Appius
                 the
                 Senator
                 gave
                 name
                 to
                 it
                 ,
                 paving
                 it
                 with
                 most
                 hard
                 stone
                 to
                 Capua
                 ,
                 thence
                 Caesar
                 prolonged
                 it
                 ,
                 but
                 Trajan
                 repaired
                 ,
                 enlarged
                 and
                 compleated
                 it
                 ,
                 its
                 reliques
                 are
                 yet
                 to
                 be
                 discerned
                 ,
                 at
                 
                   Rome
                   ,
                   Piperno
                
                 and
                 
                   Monte
                   Cincello
                
                 .
                 but
                 that
                 part
                 of
                 the
                 
                   Via
                   Appia
                
                 ,
                 which
                 leads
                 from
                 the
                 Baths
                 of
                 Antoninus
                 to
                 the
                 
                   Porta
                   Capena
                
                 ,
                 is
                 called
                 the
                 
                   Via
                   Nava
                
                 ,
                 all
                 which
                 was
                 paved
                 by
                 
                   Antoninus
                   Caracalla
                
                 ,
                 when
                 he
                 built
                 his
                 Baths
                 ,
                 then
                 which
                 (
                 except
                 Dioclesians
                 )
                 none
                 in
                 Rome
                 ,
                 are
                 more
                 perfect
                 .
                 In
                 these
                 Baths
                 stand
                 Pillars
                 of
                 Serpentine
                 stone
                 ;
                 and
                 great
                 Bathing
                 places
                 cut
                 out
                 of
                 Marble
                 :
                 they
                 were
                 placed
                 near
                 the
                 Church
                 
                   San
                   Sisto
                
                 in
                 the
                 Aventino
                 ,
                 and
                 to
                 them
                 was
                 adjoyned
                 a
                 Temple
                 of
                 Isis
                 ,
                 where
                 now
                 is
                 the
                 Church
                 
                   de
                   i
                   Santo
                   Nereo
                
                 and
                 Archiole
                 :
                 along
                 the
                 
                   Via
                   Appia
                
                 rose
                 many
                 Temples
                 of
                 Gods
                 ,
                 whereof
                 no
                 fragments
                 are
                 now
                 extant
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 
                   Porta
                   Capena
                
                 ,
                 was
                 so
                 named
                 from
                 Capena
                 ,
                 a
                 City
                 near
                 
                   Alba
                   Longa
                
                 ,
                 the
                 way
                 whereunto
                 lay
                 through
                 this
                 gate
                 ,
                 which
                 was
                 also
                 called
                 Camaena
                 from
                 the
                 Temple
                 of
                 Camaenae
                 ,
                 that
                 is
                 to
                 say
                 the
                 Muses
                 which
                 was
                 but
                 a
                 little
                 eloigned
                 from
                 it
                 :
                 It
                 was
                 also
                 called
                 Triumphal
                 because
                 through
                 it
                 ,
                 the
                 Scipioes
                 entred
                 the
                 City
                 triumphing
                 ,
                 and
                 likewise
                 Charls
                 the
                 5th
                 .
                 the
                 Emperor
                 ,
                 entred
                 by
                 the
                 same
                 into
                 Rome
                 ,
                 (
                 Paul
                 the
                 third
                 then
                 reigning
                 ,
                 )
                 when
                 he
                 came
                 from
                 his
                 Victory
                 over
                 the
                 Africans
                 ,
                 At
                 this
                 day
                 t
                 is
                 called
                 Porta
                 S.
                 Sebastiani
                 ,
                 from
                 the
                 Church
                 consecrated
                 to
                 the
                 same
                 Saint
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 two
                 miles
                 distant
                 from
                 the
                 gate
                 near
                 the
                 C●…metery
                 ,
                 of
                 Calixtus
                 .
                 On
                 each
                 side
                 of
                 this
                 way
                 ly
                 magnificent
                 Sepulchres
                 ,
                 in
                 great
                 number
                 ,
                 yet
                 almost
                 entire
                 ,
                 as
                 also
                 the
                 footsteps
                 of
                 Many
                 Temples
                 ,
                 though
                 not
                 exactly
                 discernable
                 .
              
               
                 Here
                 also
                 remains
                 a
                 certain
                 round
                 Fabrick
                 ,
                 judged
                 to
                 be
                 the
                 Sepulchre
                 of
                 the
                 Ceteghi
                 ,
                 for
                 in
                 the
                 titles
                 may
                 be
                 read
                 on
                 both
                 sides
                 the
                 name
                 of
                 the
                 Family
                 of
                 Cetega
                 ,
                 and
                 not
                 far
                 from
                 the
                 City
                 is
                 f●…en
                 the
                 River
                 Almone
                 ,
                 which
                 running
                 into
                 Rome
                 ,
                 commixes
                 with
                 the
                 Tyber
                 under
                 the
                 Aventino
                 .
              
               
                 That
                 high
                 round
                 Mole
                 on
                 the
                 right
                 hand
                 proves
                 it self
                 to
                 have
                 been
                 the
                 Sepulchre
                 of
                 the
                 Scipio's
                 by
                 the
                 inscriptions
                 upon
                 it
                 .
                 On
                 
                 the
                 left
                 hand
                 as
                 you
                 leave
                 the
                 
                   Via
                   Appia
                
                 you
                 meet
                 the
                 Church
                 
                   Domine
                   quo
                   vadis
                
                 ,
                 the
                 history
                 whereof
                 is
                 related
                 before
                 .
                 The
                 adjacent
                 Fabrick
                 is
                 supposed
                 to
                 be
                 the
                 Sepulchre
                 of
                 the
                 Lucilli
                 ,
                 here
                 ,
                 as
                 under
                 diuers
                 others
                 are
                 certain
                 Vaults
                 digg'd
                 ,
                 and
                 they
                 divided
                 in
                 several
                 for
                 the
                 comodious
                 disposal
                 of
                 the
                 Vessels
                 and
                 Urns
                 containing
                 the
                 Ashes
                 of
                 the
                 Defunct
                 .
                 The
                 Brick
                 wall
                 is
                 thought
                 to
                 be
                 part
                 of
                 the
                 Temple
                 of
                 Faunus
                 and
                 Sylvanus
                 .
              
               
                 On
                 the
                 right
                 hand
                 of
                 the
                 Church
                 Saint
                 Sebastiano
                 ,
                 stands
                 an
                 entire
                 Temple
                 but
                 dispoiled
                 of
                 its
                 ornaments
                 ,
                 formerly
                 dedicated
                 to
                 Apollo
                 ,
                 into
                 which
                 the
                 Shepherds
                 to
                 preserve
                 their
                 Flooks
                 ,
                 from
                 the
                 heats
                 of
                 the
                 day
                 ,
                 and
                 incomodities
                 of
                 the
                 nights
                 do
                 often
                 drive
                 them
                 .
              
               
                 About
                 forty
                 paces
                 farther
                 in
                 the
                 adjacent
                 sields
                 ,
                 amongst
                 thorns
                 and
                 brambles
                 ,
                 in
                 an
                 obscure
                 place
                 ,
                 is
                 a
                 
                   subterranean
                   Cavern
                
                 .
                 whose
                 entrance
                 through
                 the
                 heaps
                 of
                 stones
                 is
                 difficultly
                 found
                 ,
                 but
                 when
                 entred
                 ,
                 you
                 behold
                 Vaults
                 built
                 with
                 good
                 Art
                 ,
                 on
                 each
                 side
                 of
                 which
                 are
                 long
                 repositories
                 ,
                 wherein
                 the
                 bodies
                 of
                 deceased
                 Christians
                 ,
                 whom
                 t
                 was
                 not
                 lawfull
                 to
                 bury
                 solemnly
                 or
                 openly
                 were
                 reposed
                 .
                 In
                 these
                 Cavernes
                 were
                 the
                 primitive
                 Christians
                 wont
                 to
                 conceal
                 themselves
                 ,
                 to
                 fly
                 the
                 Emperors
                 raging
                 persecutions
                 ,
                 now
                 called
                 
                   Stanze
                   de
                   Christiani
                
                 .
              
               
                 In
                 the
                 Temple
                 of
                 Saint
                 Sebastiano
                 ,
                 they
                 descend
                 by
                 certain
                 steps
                 into
                 the
                 Caves
                 under
                 ground
                 ,
                 which
                 are
                 called
                 Catecombe
                 .
                 Wherein
                 in
                 old
                 time
                 the
                 Christians
                 for
                 fear
                 of
                 Tyrants
                 usually
                 lay
                 ●…id
                 :
                 in
                 these
                 t
                 is
                 reported
                 that
                 forty
                 Popes
                 suffered
                 Martyrdome
                 ,
                 and
                 with
                 them
                 one
                 hundred
                 seventy
                 four
                 thousand
                 Christians
                 ,
                 as
                 by
                 the
                 Inscription
                 over
                 the
                 ingress
                 clearly
                 appears
                 .
                 The
                 place
                 is
                 adored
                 with
                 the
                 highest
                 devotion
                 ,
                 and
                 its
                 profundity
                 and
                 Darkness
                 creates
                 no
                 small
                 fear
                 .
                 T
                 is
                 not
                 possible
                 to
                 find
                 the
                 way
                 in
                 without
                 Torches
                 and
                 Lights
                 ,
                 nor
                 safe
                 to
                 go
                 too
                 &
                 fro
                 in
                 the
                 several
                 divisions
                 (
                 which
                 are
                 like
                 a
                 Labyrinth
                 )
                 without
                 a
                 good
                 guide
                 ,
                 T
                 is
                 called
                 
                   Caemiterio
                   ,
                   di
                   Calisto
                
                 ,
                 Among
                 the
                 Reliques
                 in
                 this
                 Church
                 they
                 shew
                 the
                 Prints
                 or
                 Footsteps
                 of
                 the
                 Feet
                 of
                 Christ
                 upon
                 a
                 stone
                 ,
                 which
                 they
                 say
                 were
                 there
                 left
                 by
                 Christ
                 at
                 his
                 ascension
                 into
                 Heaven
                 in
                 the
                 presence
                 of
                 his
                 Disciples
                 .
                 Many
                 other
                 things
                 are
                 writ
                 hereof
                 by
                 Onosrius
                 ,
                 and
                 others
                 .
              
               
                 On
                 the
                 side
                 of
                 this
                 Church
                 is
                 found
                 a
                 vast
                 round
                 Temple
                 supported
                 by
                 one
                 hundred
                 Marble
                 Pillars
                 consecrated
                 to
                 
                   Mars
                   Gradivus
                
                 by
                 Sylla
                 while
                 he
                 was
                 AEdile
                 ,
                 in
                 it
                 Audience
                 was
                 given
                 to
                 the
                 Embassadors
                 of
                 Enemies
                 ,
                 by
                 the
                 Senate
                 ,
                 to
                 prevent
                 their
                 ingress
                 into
                 the
                 City
                 ,
                 least
                 they
                 should
                 make
                 advantages
                 of
                 their
                 admission
                 as
                 Espials
                 ;
                 they
                 report
                 the
                 greater
                 part
                 of
                 this
                 Temple
                 at
                 the
                 prayers
                 of
                 the
                 Pope
                 Saint
                 Stephen
                 ,
                 to
                 have
                 fallen
                 down
                 ,
                 when
                 by
                 the
                 command
                 of
                 Galienus
                 ,
                 he
                 was
                 there
                 compelled
                 to
                 sacrifice
                 to
                 Mars
                 :
                 Near
                 hereto
                 they
                 preserved
                 the
                 Stone
                 Manale
                 ,
                 which
                 when
                 the
                 Romans
                 would
                 obtain
                 Rain
                 they
                 solemnly
                 brought
                 in
                 procession
                 into
                 the
                 Citty
              
               
                 Beyond
                 that
                 upon
                 the
                 
                   Via
                   Appia
                
                 ,
                 rises
                 the
                 Walls
                 of
                 a
                 square
                 Castle
                 very
                 entire
                 :
                 which
                 some
                 believe
                 to
                 have
                 been
                 Sinvessa
                 ,
                 others
                 Pametia
                 ,
                 but
                 the
                 most
                 to
                 be
                 credited
                 averr
                 it
                 to
                 be
                 the
                 Stanza
                 or
                 abiding
                 place
                 of
                 the
                 Praetorian
                 Souldiers
                 ,
                 within
                 these
                 walls
                 is
                 a
                 spatious
                 Concave
                 .
              
               
                 Here
                 on
                 all
                 sides
                 ly
                 huge
                 Sepulchres
                 ,
                 some
                 built
                 in
                 a
                 square
                 ,
                 others
                 in
                 a
                 ●…ound
                 ,
                 a
                 third
                 sort
                 in
                 a
                 Pyramid
                 form
                 ,
                 either
                 with
                 brick
                 or
                 Marble
                 ,
                 
                 whose
                 inscriptions
                 demonstrate
                 ,
                 that
                 they
                 were
                 erected
                 for
                 the
                 Metelli
                 ,
                 Among
                 which
                 a
                 great
                 structure
                 in
                 a
                 round
                 form
                 seems
                 the
                 most
                 conspicuous
                 ,
                 being
                 raised
                 with
                 squared
                 white
                 marble
                 stones
                 to
                 the
                 bigness
                 of
                 a
                 Tower
                 ,
                 hollow
                 within
                 and
                 open
                 at
                 top
                 ,
                 so
                 that
                 standing
                 below
                 one
                 may
                 see
                 the
                 skies
                 :
                 Its
                 walls
                 are
                 about
                 24.
                 foot
                 thick
                 ,
                 in
                 whose
                 circuit
                 are
                 interwoven
                 the
                 heads
                 of
                 Bulls
                 and
                 Oxen
                 cleared
                 of
                 the
                 skin
                 and
                 flesh
                 ,
                 as
                 in
                 their
                 sacrifices
                 they
                 used
                 them
                 ,
                 between
                 the
                 garlands
                 of
                 Leaves
                 and
                 Flowers
                 .
                 The
                 heads
                 amount
                 to
                 the
                 number
                 of
                 200.
                 
                 Sacrificed
                 to
                 the
                 God
                 
                   Capode
                   Boi
                
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Antiquaries
                 will
                 have
                 ,
                 that
                 at
                 the
                 famous
                 Sepulchre
                 of
                 
                   Cecilia
                   Metella
                
                 a
                 double
                 Hecatombe
                 was
                 performed
                 .
                 At
                 the
                 Foot
                 of
                 the
                 neighbouring
                 Hill
                 ,
                 if
                 you
                 pronounce
                 a
                 whole
                 heroick
                 verse
                 ,
                 an
                 admirable
                 Eccho
                 returns
                 it
                 whole
                 ,
                 and
                 articulately
                 for
                 the
                 most
                 part
                 ,
                 and
                 confused
                 otherwhiles
                 eight
                 times
                 answered
                 :
                 In
                 no
                 place
                 is
                 heard
                 so
                 rare
                 an
                 Eccho
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 said
                 to
                 be
                 excited
                 by
                 artifice
                 ,
                 that
                 at
                 the
                 Funeral
                 of
                 this
                 
                   Caecilia
                   Metella
                
                 ,
                 the
                 ejaculations
                 of
                 the
                 weepers
                 and
                 the
                 funeral
                 houlings
                 might
                 immensely
                 be
                 multiplyed
                 ,
                 while
                 that
                 double
                 Hecatombe
                 was
                 celebrating
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Funest
                 duties
                 performed
                 in
                 honour
                 of
                 that
                 Matron
                 .
              
               
                 In
                 the
                 next
                 depressed
                 place
                 ,
                 ly
                 the
                 mighty
                 ruines
                 of
                 the
                 
                   Circo
                   Hipodromo
                
                 ,
                 The
                 structure
                 hereof
                 is
                 attributed
                 to
                 
                   Bassiano
                   Caracalla
                
                 raised
                 in
                 the
                 Place
                 where
                 Tiberius
                 the
                 Emperor
                 ,
                 built
                 the
                 Stables
                 for
                 the
                 Praetorian
                 bands
                 :
                 here
                 the
                 Souldiers
                 exercised
                 themselves
                 in
                 running
                 ,
                 riding
                 ,
                 and
                 driving
                 Chariots
                 .
              
               
                 In
                 the
                 midst
                 of
                 the
                 Area
                 ,
                 lie
                 certain
                 signes
                 of
                 the
                 places
                 whence
                 the
                 horses
                 rushed
                 out
                 to
                 their
                 courses
                 ,
                 as
                 also
                 of
                 Bases
                 ,
                 Statues
                 ,
                 Altars
                 ,
                 and
                 meets
                 or
                 bounds
                 for
                 the
                 Courses
                 ;
                 round
                 it
                 are
                 many
                 pictures
                 ,
                 in
                 the
                 midst
                 lies
                 an
                 Obelisk
                 of
                 speckled
                 stone
                 called
                 Granito
                 ,
                 flat
                 upon
                 the
                 ground
                 broken
                 in
                 three
                 pieces
                 ,
                 carved
                 all
                 over
                 with
                 Hieroglyphicks
                 ,
                 branches
                 with
                 Leaves
                 and
                 animals
                 .
                 T
                 is
                 supposed
                 that
                 Sixtus
                 the
                 5th
                 .
                 would
                 have
                 reared
                 this
                 as
                 he
                 did
                 others
                 had
                 not
                 death
                 shortned
                 his
                 days
                 .
              
               
                 Above
                 the
                 Circ
                 riseth
                 an
                 entire
                 Temple
                 four
                 squared
                 ,
                 with
                 Pillars
                 ,
                 and
                 Corridores
                 before
                 it
                 :
                 Which
                 as
                 is
                 supposed
                 was
                 dedicated
                 to
                 the
                 
                   Dio
                   Ridicolo
                
                 ,
                 uppon
                 this
                 occasion
                 :
                 Hannibal
                 having
                 slain
                 40
                 thousand
                 Romans
                 at
                 the
                 battail
                 of
                 Cannae
                 ,
                 marched
                 with
                 his
                 victorious
                 Army
                 to
                 the
                 siege
                 of
                 Rome
                 ,
                 and
                 pitched
                 his
                 Camp
                 in
                 that
                 very
                 place
                 :
                 where
                 a
                 diffused
                 Laughter
                 being
                 heard
                 over
                 his
                 Camp
                 it
                 caused
                 a
                 prodigious
                 fear
                 ,
                 and
                 that
                 made
                 him
                 raise
                 the
                 Siege
                 and
                 retreat
                 to
                 the
                 
                   Terra
                   di
                   Lavoro
                
                 :
                 which
                 had
                 he
                 obstinatly
                 continued
                 some
                 time
                 longer
                 ,
                 (
                 having
                 created
                 such
                 a
                 consternation
                 in
                 the
                 Citizens
                 )
                 he
                 had
                 undoubtedly
                 taken
                 Rome
                 with
                 small
                 difficulty
                 :
                 but
                 as
                 Livy
                 saies
                 an
                 Affrican
                 told
                 Hannibal
                 ,
                 He
                 knew
                 how
                 to
                 obtain
                 but
                 not
                 how
                 to
                 make
                 use
                 of
                 Victory
                 .
                 Thus
                 was
                 Rome
                 delivered
                 from
                 Hannibal
                 :
                 and
                 the
                 Romans
                 in
                 commemoration
                 of
                 so
                 great
                 a
                 benefit
                 received
                 from
                 the
                 God
                 of
                 Laughter
                 ,
                 consecrated
                 that
                 Temple
                 to
                 the
                 
                   Dio
                   Ridicoloso
                
                 .
              
               
                 Hence
                 you
                 must
                 return
                 by
                 three
                 miles
                 journey
                 back
                 to
                 Rome
                 ,
                 and
                 arrived
                 at
                 the
                 walls
                 enter
                 by
                 the
                 
                   Porta
                   Latina
                
                 ,
                 near
                 whereto
                 is
                 the
                 Church
                 
                   S.
                   Giovanni
                
                 where
                 t
                 is
                 said
                 the
                 same
                 Saint
                 was
                 cast
                 into
                 boyling
                 oyl
                 by
                 the
                 command
                 of
                 Domitian
                 ,
                 for
                 which
                 a
                 feast
                 is
                 alwaies
                 solemnized
                 in
                 May
                 ,
                 thence
                 follow
                 the
                 street
                 to
                 the
                 
                   Porta
                   Gabiosa
                
                 ,
                 so
                 
                 called
                 ,
                 for
                 that
                 intending
                 for
                 the
                 Citty
                 Gaba
                 ,
                 you
                 must
                 march
                 out
                 of
                 it
                 ,
                 where
                 the
                 
                   Via
                   Roma
                
                 connexeth
                 with
                 the
                 Prenestina
                 :
                 as
                 sometimes
                 the
                 
                   Via
                   Appia
                
                 unites
                 with
                 the
                 Latina
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 MONTE
                 CELIO
                 .
              
               
                 Leaving
                 the
                 Wall
                 on
                 the
                 right
                 hand
                 of
                 the
                 
                   Porta
                   Gabiosa
                
                 ,
                 you
                 ascend
                 
                   Monte
                   Celio
                
                 ,
                 wch
                 runs
                 along
                 by
                 the
                 wall
                 to
                 the
                 
                   Porta
                   Maggiore
                
                 .
                 This
                 Hill
                 was
                 antiently
                 called
                 Querquetulano
                 ,
                 from
                 the
                 multitude
                 of
                 Oaks
                 growing
                 thereon
                 ,
                 before
                 the
                 Tuscans
                 inhabited
                 it
                 :
                 to
                 whom
                 licence
                 was
                 given
                 to
                 dwell
                 in
                 the
                 Bourg
                 Tosco
                 ,
                 because
                 they
                 marched
                 under
                 their
                 Captain
                 
                   Cloche
                   Vibenna
                
                 ,
                 to
                 the
                 assistance
                 of
                 the
                 Romans
                 against
                 their
                 Enemies
                 .
                 On
                 this
                 Hill
                 at
                 this
                 day
                 rests
                 no
                 Antique
                 thing
                 of
                 moment
                 ,
                 more
                 than
                 the
                 infinite
                 ruines
                 of
                 Fabricks
                 .
                 One
                 part
                 of
                 it
                 is
                 na
                 med
                 Celiolo
                 ,
                 where
                 stands
                 a
                 Church
                 of
                 
                   Santo
                   Giovanni
                   Evangelista
                
                 ,
                 called
                 
                   ante
                   Portam
                   Latinam
                
                 ,
                 which
                 was
                 antiently
                 a
                 Temple
                 sacred
                 to
                 Diana
                 .
                 On
                 the
                 top
                 of
                 the
                 Celio
                 ,
                 is
                 a
                 round
                 Church
                 dedicated
                 to
                 
                   S.
                   Stefano
                
                 ,
                 by
                 Pope
                 Simplicio
                 ,
                 from
                 being
                 a
                 Temple
                 of
                 Faunus
                 ,
                 whose
                 antiquity
                 threatning
                 destruction
                 ,
                 Nicholas
                 the
                 fifth
                 repaired
                 it
                 ,
                 and
                 Gregory
                 the
                 thirteenth
                 beautifyed
                 it
                 with
                 Pictures
                 of
                 Martyrs
                 and
                 Saints
                 .
              
               
                 
                   Curia
                   Hostilia
                
                 stood
                 where
                 now
                 is
                 
                   Santi
                   Giovanni
                
                 and
                 Paulo
                 towards
                 the
                 Settizonio
                 of
                 Severus
                 ,
                 built
                 by
                 
                   Tullius
                   Hostilius
                
                 ,
                 different
                 from
                 that
                 in
                 the
                 
                   Foro
                   Romano
                
                 ,
                 Here
                 the
                 Senate
                 assembled
                 for
                 state
                 affairs
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Church
                 of
                 
                   S.
                   Maria
                
                 in
                 Domenica
                 is
                 seated
                 towards
                 the
                 Aventino
                 ,
                 and
                 was
                 restored
                 by
                 Leo
                 the
                 10th
                 .
                 here
                 antiently
                 stood
                 the
                 Dwellings
                 of
                 the
                 Albani
                 ,
                 and
                 near
                 them
                 the
                 Aqueduct
                 for
                 the
                 
                   Aqua
                   Claudia
                
                 ,
                 in
                 the
                 Arch
                 whereof
                 are
                 engraven
                 these
                 words
                 
                   P.
                   Corn
                   R.
                   F.
                   Dolabella
                   ,
                   Cos.
                   C.
                   Junius
                   C.
                   P.
                   Silanus
                   Flamen
                   Martial
                   .
                   Ex
                   S.
                   C.
                   Faciundum
                   curaverunt
                   .
                   Idemque
                   Probaverunt
                   .
                
              
               
                 By
                 the
                 same
                 Aqueduct
                 stands
                 a
                 great
                 Fabrick
                 as
                 a
                 conservatory
                 of
                 the
                 Waters
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 
                   Castra
                   Peregrina
                
                 stood
                 in
                 old
                 time
                 where
                 the
                 Church
                 of
                 
                   Santi
                   quatro
                   Coronati
                
                 ,
                 was
                 built
                 by
                 Pope
                 Honorius
                 ,
                 and
                 restored
                 by
                 Paschal
                 the
                 second
                 .
                 In
                 those
                 Castles
                 they
                 used
                 to
                 rendezvouz
                 and
                 accommodate
                 the
                 People
                 for
                 Sea
                 affairs
                 ,
                 which
                 Augustus
                 used
                 to
                 keep
                 in
                 the
                 ordinary
                 Fleet
                 at
                 Niseno
                 .
                 Between
                 the
                 
                   Porta
                   Gabiusa
                
                 ,
                 and
                 Celimontana
                 abound
                 great
                 ruines
                 of
                 the
                 Palace
                 of
                 Constantine
                 the
                 great
                 (
                 called
                 now
                 
                   S.
                   Giovanni
                
                 )
                 by
                 which
                 may
                 be
                 comprehended
                 the
                 magnificent
                 state
                 and
                 splendor
                 of
                 that
                 Emperor
                 .
              
               
                 
                   San
                   Giovanni
                   in
                   Laterano
                
                 keeps
                 its
                 antient
                 name
                 built
                 by
                 Constantine
                 the
                 Great
                 at
                 the
                 instance
                 of
                 Pope
                 Sylvester
                 formerly
                 the
                 Seat
                 of
                 the
                 
                   Roman
                   Pontifices
                
                 at
                 first
                 called
                 
                   Romae
                   Episcopi
                
                 Bishops
                 of
                 Rome
                 ,
                 but
                 afterwards
                 (
                 induced
                 thereunto
                 by
                 the
                 pleasantness
                 of
                 the
                 Vatican
                 Hills
                 )
                 they
                 translated
                 their
                 habitation
                 thither
                 ,
                 building
                 a
                 renowned
                 Palace
                 near
                 St.
                 Peters
                 Church
                 .
              
               
                 Near
                 the
                 said
                 Church
                 stands
                 
                   Il
                   Battisterio
                   di
                   Constantino
                
                 :
                 of
                 an
                 orbicular
                 form
                 sustained
                 by
                 8.
                 porphyr
                 Pillars
                 :
                 Report
                 saith
                 that
                 Constantine
                 the
                 Great
                 labouring
                 under
                 a
                 Leaprosie
                 ,
                 at
                 the
                 perswasions
                 of
                 
                 his
                 Phisicians
                 resolved
                 to
                 bath
                 himself
                 in
                 the
                 blood
                 of
                 Infants
                 ,
                 and
                 for
                 that
                 intent
                 erected
                 this
                 sumptuous
                 structure
                 :
                 but
                 being
                 admonished
                 in
                 a
                 dream
                 to
                 bath
                 himself
                 in
                 holy
                 water
                 in
                 the
                 name
                 of
                 Jesus
                 Christ
                 the
                 true
                 God
                 ,
                 whom
                 Helena
                 his
                 Mother
                 worshipped
                 ,
                 the
                 Emperor
                 obeyed
                 the
                 Celestial
                 admonition
                 ,
                 and
                 was
                 baptized
                 in
                 that
                 porphyr
                 Font
                 now
                 in
                 the
                 said
                 Temple
                 :
                 For
                 the
                 truth
                 hereof
                 the
                 Reader
                 is
                 desired
                 to
                 consult
                 his
                 own
                 thought
                 :
                 It
                 not
                 being
                 likely
                 ,
                 that
                 so
                 magnificent
                 a
                 structure
                 should
                 be
                 built
                 and
                 intended
                 for
                 perpetrating
                 that
                 notorious
                 crime
                 ,
                 which
                 should
                 rather
                 be
                 kept
                 close
                 and
                 tacitely
                 concealed
                 ,
                 than
                 published
                 with
                 such
                 vain
                 ostentation
                 ;
                 besides
                 that
                 Historians
                 say
                 he
                 was
                 baptized
                 by
                 the
                 Nichomedian
                 Bishop
                 ,
                 when
                 he
                 arrived
                 in
                 
                   Asia
                   ,
                   B●…isardo
                
                 thinks
                 that
                 the
                 said
                 Battisteri●…
                 was
                 rather
                 the
                 Bath
                 to
                 the
                 Lateran
                 Pallace
                 and
                 the
                 Form
                 of
                 the
                 Fabrick
                 induceth
                 him
                 and
                 others
                 to
                 the
                 same
                 belief
                 :
                 But
                 however
                 it
                 was
                 t
                 is
                 most
                 certain
                 that
                 Constantine
                 the
                 great
                 ,
                 having
                 profest
                 the
                 Christian
                 Religion
                 ,
                 was
                 baptized
                 in
                 this
                 Church
                 and
                 the
                 same
                 Babtistary
                 t
                 is
                 shewed
                 to
                 this
                 day
                 ,
                 and
                 all
                 converts
                 to
                 the
                 Christian
                 Religion
                 ,
                 are
                 there
                 still
                 baptized
                 .
                 On
                 the
                 right
                 hand
                 of
                 it
                 are
                 certain
                 holy
                 chappels
                 ,
                 and
                 therein
                 preserved
                 many
                 pretious
                 Marbles
                 and
                 some
                 Pillars
                 conveyed
                 hither
                 from
                 Jerusalem
                 .
              
               
                 At
                 the
                 entrance
                 of
                 the
                 Church
                 
                   San
                   Giovanni
                   Laterano
                
                 ,
                 stand
                 many
                 sumptuous
                 Tombs
                 of
                 Popes
                 ,
                 and
                 Altars
                 wrought
                 excellently
                 with
                 Marble
                 ,
                 upon
                 the
                 high
                 Altar
                 is
                 the
                 last
                 supper
                 of
                 Christ
                 ingraven
                 in
                 silver
                 of
                 great
                 value
                 ,
                 set
                 up
                 by
                 Clement
                 the
                 seaventh
                 ,
                 who
                 also
                 raised
                 ,
                 the
                 great
                 rich
                 Organ
                 ,
                 and
                 that
                 stately
                 Vestry
                 for
                 the
                 use
                 of
                 the
                 Church
                 .
              
               
                 Before
                 the
                 Chorus
                 were
                 four
                 hollow
                 brasen
                 Pillars
                 of
                 Corinthian
                 work
                 ,
                 which
                 t
                 is
                 said
                 were
                 brought
                 from
                 Jerusalem
                 full
                 of
                 the
                 holy
                 Earth
                 where
                 our
                 Saviour
                 was
                 enterred
                 ,
                 others
                 say
                 that
                 Sylla
                 fetched
                 them
                 from
                 Athens
                 ,
                 and
                 others
                 that
                 Augustus
                 caused
                 them
                 to
                 be
                 cast
                 in
                 Rome
                 of
                 the
                 Beaks
                 of
                 the
                 Galleys
                 taken
                 in
                 the
                 Actiack
                 battail
                 and
                 in
                 memorial
                 applyed
                 to
                 the
                 Temple
                 of
                 
                   Jupiter
                   Capitolino
                
                 .
                 Furthermore
                 others
                 say
                 that
                 Vespasian
                 translated
                 them
                 with
                 the
                 other
                 spoils
                 from
                 Jerusalem
                 .
                 Of
                 late
                 ,
                 Clement
                 the
                 8th
                 .
                 caused
                 them
                 to
                 be
                 guilt
                 over
                 ,
                 and
                 placed
                 them
                 on
                 the
                 high
                 Altar
                 ,
                 with
                 a
                 brass
                 Scutcheon
                 guilt
                 and
                 affixed
                 to
                 them
                 ,
                 wherein
                 his
                 Arms
                 are
                 engraven
                 .
              
               
                 Before
                 Sixtus
                 the
                 5th
                 .
                 reedified
                 from
                 the
                 foundations
                 the
                 Lateranian
                 Palace
                 ,
                 there
                 was
                 a
                 great
                 hall
                 ,
                 where
                 the
                 Pope
                 with
                 the
                 Ecclesiastical
                 Synod
                 of
                 Cardinals
                 and
                 Arch-bishops
                 rendred
                 themselves
                 when
                 they
                 were
                 to
                 manage
                 any
                 substantial
                 business
                 .
                 Those
                 three
                 great
                 marble
                 Collumnes
                 were
                 shipped
                 from
                 the
                 Palace
                 in
                 Jerusalem
                 ,
                 here
                 the
                 
                   Later
                   ane●…sial
                
                 counsels
                 were
                 solemnized
                 with
                 the
                 assistance
                 of
                 the
                 whole
                 Clergy
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 
                   Scala
                   Sancta
                
                 ,
                 contained
                 28
                 stairs
                 which
                 stood
                 in
                 Pilats
                 House
                 the
                 which
                 Christ
                 ascended
                 when
                 he
                 was
                 whipped
                 ,
                 are
                 transferred
                 by
                 the
                 Pope
                 into
                 another
                 place
                 where
                 Christians
                 frequent
                 them
                 and
                 for
                 devotion
                 creep
                 up
                 them
                 upon
                 their
                 knees
                 kissing
                 them
                 .
              
               
                 Here
                 were
                 two
                 porphyr
                 chairs
                 ,
                 whereof
                 the
                 Enemies
                 of
                 the
                 Catholick
                 Faith
                 recount
                 certain
                 shamefull
                 Fables
                 which
                 have
                 been
                 sufficiently
                 confuted
                 by
                 Cardinal
                 Bellarmine
                 ,
                 in
                 his
                 first
                 Tome
                 of
                 the
                 controversies
                 of
                 the
                 Roman
                 Bishop
                 ,
                 as
                 also
                 the
                 story
                 of
                 Pope
                 Joan
                 whom
                 the
                 story
                 saies
                 to
                 be
                 John
                 the
                 7th
                 :
                 who
                 succeeded
                 Leo
                 the
                 4th
                 .
                 confuted
                 
                 by
                 the
                 said
                 Cardinal
                 and
                 Onofrius
                 ,
                 and
                 lately
                 by
                 
                   Florimondo
                   Romondo
                
                 in
                 French
                 ,
              
               
                 The
                 Pillar
                 of
                 white
                 Marble
                 placed
                 in
                 the
                 wall
                 ,
                 and
                 divided
                 in
                 two
                 is
                 thought
                 to
                 be
                 broken
                 miraculously
                 at
                 the
                 death
                 of
                 Christ
                 ,
                 when
                 the
                 Veyl
                 of
                 the
                 Temple
                 rent
                 .
              
               
                 
                   Sancta
                   Sanctorum
                
                 is
                 a
                 Chappel
                 held
                 in
                 great
                 veneration
                 ,
                 the
                 ingress
                 therein
                 is
                 forbidden
                 to
                 women
                 :
                 In
                 it
                 are
                 kept
                 the
                 Ark
                 of
                 the
                 Covenant
                 ,
                 the
                 rod
                 of
                 Aaron
                 ,
                 the
                 Table
                 whereon
                 Christs
                 last
                 supper
                 was
                 celebrated
                 :
                 of
                 the
                 sacred
                 Manna
                 ,
                 the
                 Navil
                 string
                 and
                 praepuce
                 of
                 Christ
                 ,
                 a
                 Vyal
                 of
                 Christs
                 blood
                 ,
                 some
                 thorns
                 of
                 his
                 Crown
                 ,
                 one
                 whole
                 Nail
                 wherewith
                 he
                 was
                 fastened
                 to
                 the
                 Cross.
                 The
                 Snaffle
                 of
                 Constantine
                 the
                 great
                 his
                 Horse
                 ,
                 which
                 was
                 made
                 of
                 the
                 two
                 nayls
                 which
                 pierced
                 his
                 feet
                 ,
                 the
                 fourth
                 was
                 placed
                 in
                 the
                 Emperors
                 golden
                 Diademe
                 .
                 In
                 the
                 same
                 place
                 are
                 likewise
                 shewed
                 many
                 Reliques
                 which
                 are
                 regarded
                 by
                 the
                 Romans
                 with
                 huge
                 Devotion
                 :
                 here
                 is
                 to
                 be
                 observed
                 that
                 the
                 old
                 pictures
                 of
                 the
                 Greeks
                 ,
                 and
                 Gregory
                 ,
                 Bishop
                 of
                 Turona
                 shew
                 ,
                 that
                 Christ
                 was
                 fastened
                 to
                 the
                 Cross
                 ,
                 with
                 two
                 nails
                 in
                 his
                 feetand
                 a
                 little
                 table
                 under
                 .
              
               
                 Somewhat
                 distant
                 from
                 
                   S.
                   Giovanni
                
                 ,
                 stands
                 a
                 Gate
                 of
                 the
                 City
                 called
                 now
                 by
                 the
                 same
                 name
                 ,
                 but
                 antiently
                 Celimontana
                 from
                 Mount
                 Celio
                 Hence
                 the
                 
                   Via
                   Campagna
                
                 takes
                 its
                 beginning
                 leading
                 to
                 the
                 Campagna
                 called
                 
                   Terra
                   di
                   Lavoro
                
                 from
                 its
                 sterility
                 :
                 Forth
                 the
                 City
                 it
                 joines
                 with
                 the
                 Latina
                 .
              
               
                 On
                 the
                 back
                 part
                 of
                 
                   Monte
                   Celio
                
                 ,
                 lyes
                 the
                 Church
                 
                   Santa
                   Croce
                   di
                   Jerusalem
                
                 ,
                 one
                 of
                 the
                 seaven
                 chief
                 ,
                 formerly
                 sacrate
                 to
                 Venus
                 and
                 Cupid
                 ,
                 In
                 it
                 is
                 kept
                 a
                 part
                 of
                 the
                 Lords
                 Cross
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 title
                 of
                 the
                 Cross
                 writ
                 in
                 three
                 languages
                 ,
                 one
                 of
                 the
                 thirty
                 pence
                 ,
                 which
                 Judas
                 the
                 Traitor
                 received
                 for
                 betraying
                 Christ
                 ,
                 a
                 Thorn
                 of
                 the
                 Crown
                 ,
                 with
                 other
                 sacred
                 Reliques
                 .
              
               
                 Here
                 under
                 the
                 Earth
                 Helena
                 the
                 mother
                 of
                 Constantine
                 built
                 a
                 Chappel
                 ,
                 wherein
                 Women
                 are
                 permitted
                 entrance
                 only
                 upon
                 the
                 20th
                 .
                 of
                 March
                 ,
                 to
                 the
                 Monastery
                 of
                 this
                 Temple
                 is
                 adjoyned
                 an
                 Amphitheatre
                 ,
                 somewhat
                 less
                 but
                 more
                 antient
                 than
                 the
                 Coliseo
                 ,
                 which
                 was
                 edificated
                 by
                 
                   Statilius
                   Taurus
                
                 ,
                 in
                 the
                 reign
                 of
                 Augustus
                 :
                 but
                 t
                 was
                 for
                 the
                 most
                 part
                 destroyed
                 by
                 Pope
                 Paul
                 the
                 3d.
                 for
                 reparation
                 of
                 the
                 Monastery
                 .
                 On
                 one
                 side
                 of
                 
                   Santa
                   Croce
                
                 appear
                 yet
                 some
                 ruines
                 of
                 the
                 
                   Basilica
                   Sessariana
                
                 ,
                 near
                 the
                 Walls
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Arches
                 which
                 enter
                 the
                 City
                 by
                 
                   Porta
                   Nevia
                
                 ,
                 and
                 pass
                 over
                 the
                 top
                 of
                 the
                 Celio
                 ,
                 to
                 the
                 Aventino
                 ,
                 were
                 the
                 Arches
                 for
                 the
                 Aqueduct
                 of
                 the
                 Claudian
                 water
                 :
                 and
                 were
                 the
                 highest
                 and
                 longest
                 of
                 
                   Rome
                   ,
                   Claudius
                
                 conveighed
                 this
                 water
                 from
                 forty
                 miles
                 off
                 into
                 the
                 City
                 ;
                 Some
                 of
                 this
                 water
                 run
                 into
                 the
                 Palace
                 ,
                 some
                 into
                 the
                 Campidoglio
                 ,
                 but
                 the
                 greatest
                 part
                 to
                 the
                 Aventino
                 :
                 The
                 said
                 
                   Porta
                   Nevia
                
                 ,
                 was
                 also
                 called
                 Nevia
                 ,
                 and
                 
                   Santa
                   Croce
                
                 and
                 was
                 built
                 in
                 an
                 Arch
                 Triumphal
                 ,
                 which
                 demonstrates
                 the
                 Majesty
                 and
                 grandeur
                 of
                 the
                 work
                 .
              
               
                 Near
                 the
                 Aqueduct
                 for
                 the
                 
                   Aqua
                   Claudia
                
                 towards
                 
                   Monte
                   Celio
                
                 ,
                 stands
                 the
                 Hospital
                 S.
                 Giovanni
                 being
                 both
                 wealthy
                 and
                 comodious
                 for
                 receipt
                 of
                 infirm
                 and
                 sick
                 Persons
                 ,
                 abounding
                 in
                 all
                 sorts
                 of
                 Phisical
                 ingredients
                 ,
                 Physicians
                 ,
                 Apothecaries
                 ,
                 Surgeons
                 ,
                 attendants
                 ,
                 and
                 whatever
                 els
                 can
                 conduce
                 to
                 the
                 good
                 of
                 the
                 Patients
                 :
                 This
                 conveniency
                 hath
                 in
                 all
                 ages
                 induced
                 many
                 Princes
                 and
                 other
                 Persons
                 of
                 quality
                 and
                 riche●…
                 ,
                 when
                 their
                 Maladies
                 require
                 ,
                 to
                 make
                 this
                 Hospital
                 
                 their
                 abode
                 ,
                 though
                 they
                 lye
                 there
                 at
                 their
                 own
                 expence
                 .
                 In
                 the
                 Court
                 of
                 it
                 are
                 Sepultures
                 of
                 divers
                 sorts
                 .
                 Baths
                 with
                 sculptures
                 of
                 Satyrs
                 and
                 different
                 Actions
                 :
                 The
                 battail
                 of
                 the
                 Amazones
                 :
                 The
                 Chase
                 of
                 Meleager
                 and
                 other
                 fair
                 objects
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Temple
                 of
                 S.
                 Clement
                 Pargetted
                 with
                 various
                 coloured
                 Marble
                 ,
                 hath
                 divers
                 old
                 inscriptions
                 ,
                 many
                 figures
                 of
                 the
                 sacred
                 in
                 struments
                 used
                 in
                 the
                 divine
                 services
                 by
                 the
                 Popes
                 as
                 also
                 in
                 the
                 Sacrifices
                 by
                 the
                 Priests
                 of
                 the
                 Gentiles
                 and
                 the
                 Southsayers
                 .
              
               
                 In
                 the
                 return
                 you
                 meet
                 that
                 stupendious
                 and
                 admirable
                 Mole
                 the
                 Amphitheatre
                 ,
                 called
                 vulgarly
                 Coliseo
                 from
                 the
                 Colossean
                 statue
                 of
                 120
                 foot
                 high
                 ,
                 which
                 Nero
                 erected
                 .
                 The
                 altitude
                 of
                 this
                 Amphitheatre
                 was
                 such
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 structure
                 so
                 compact
                 ,
                 that
                 Rome
                 afforded
                 nothing
                 more
                 stately
                 .
                 'T
                 was
                 eleaven
                 yeers
                 continued
                 labour
                 for
                 thirty
                 thousand
                 Slaves
                 ,
                 and
                 capable
                 of
                 eighty
                 seaven
                 thousand
                 men
                 ,
                 who
                 might
                 conveniently
                 dispose
                 theselves
                 in
                 the
                 surrounding
                 Seats
                 for
                 be
                 holding
                 the
                 Playes
                 there
                 yeerly
                 exhibited
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 house
                 of
                 Nero
                 occupying
                 all
                 that
                 space
                 between
                 the
                 Hils
                 Palatino
                 and
                 Celio
                 ,
                 reached
                 to
                 the
                 Esquilie
                 ,
                 so
                 ample
                 that
                 it
                 had
                 more
                 the
                 face
                 and
                 semblance
                 of
                 a
                 City
                 ,
                 than
                 of
                 a
                 single
                 house
                 ,
                 within
                 were
                 comprehended
                 Fields
                 ,
                 Lakes
                 ,
                 Woods
                 ,
                 and
                 a
                 Gallery
                 of
                 a
                 mile
                 long
                 ,
                 with
                 three
                 ranks
                 of
                 Pillars
                 ,
                 many
                 of
                 its
                 Chambers
                 were
                 guilt
                 and
                 adorned
                 with
                 gems
                 :
                 and
                 the
                 Temple
                 dedicated
                 to
                 
                   Fortuna
                   Seia
                
                 ,
                 had
                 in
                 it
                 an
                 Image
                 of
                 the
                 same
                 Goddesse
                 of
                 transparent
                 Marble
                 .
              
               
                 On
                 the
                 left
                 hand
                 stands
                 the
                 Arch
                 Triumphal
                 of
                 Constantine
                 the
                 Great
                 ,
                 as
                 yet
                 whole
                 and
                 perfect
                 with
                 all
                 his
                 victories
                 and
                 statues
                 carved
                 on
                 it
                 .
                 This
                 Arch
                 was
                 erected
                 in
                 honour
                 of
                 that
                 Emperor
                 by
                 the
                 Romans
                 after
                 he
                 had
                 overcome
                 at
                 
                   Ponte
                   Milvio
                   ,
                   Maxentius
                
                 ,
                 who
                 had
                 tyrannically
                 oppressed
                 Rome
                 and
                 Italy
                 .
                 At
                 present
                 they
                 manage
                 horses
                 in
                 the
                 Coliseo
                 .
                 And
                 near
                 it
                 rises
                 a
                 proud
                 Fabrick
                 in
                 form
                 of
                 a
                 Pyramid
                 ,
                 which
                 was
                 called
                 
                   La
                   Meta
                   Sudante
                
                 ,
                 for
                 that
                 thence
                 issued
                 Streams
                 of
                 water
                 ,
                 whereof
                 such
                 as
                 had
                 disposed
                 themselves
                 in
                 the
                 Amphitheatre
                 to
                 see
                 the
                 sports
                 ,
                 had
                 given
                 them
                 to
                 satisfie
                 their
                 thirsts
                 when
                 desired
                 by
                 any
                 .
                 Thus
                 ends
                 the
                 second
                 dayes
                 Journey
                 .
              
            
          
           
             
               The
               third
               dayes
               Journey
               of
               ROME
               .
            
             
               LEaving
               the
               Castle
               Saint
               Angelo
               on
               the
               right
               hand
               of
               the
               
                 Torre
                 Sanguina
              
               ,
               passing
               through
               the
               street
               Orso
               ,
               where
               it
               divides
               you
               find
               the
               house
               of
               
                 Bildo
                 Ferratino
              
               in
               the
               frontispiece
               whereof
               stands
               a
               statue
               of
               
                 Galba
                 the
              
               Emperor
               with
               other
               figures
               .
            
             
               In
               the
               Palace
               of
               the
               Duke
               of
               Altemps
               ,
               they
               shew
               many
               monuments
               of
               Antiquity
               ,
               Epitaphs
               ,
               Inscriptions
               ,
               aud
               Reliques
               which
               wonderfully
               delight
               the
               eyes
               of
               skilfull
               Artists
               ,
               and
               ingenious
               Men
               ,
               
               among
               others
               the
               statue
               of
               Seneca
               ,
               the
               Philosopher
               and
               the
               Vestry
               and
               Chapel
               of
               the
               Duke
               ,
               clear
               demonstrations
               of
               the
               piety
               and
               religion
               of
               the
               Patrones
               .
               Near
               it
               stands
               the
               house
               of
               Cardinal
               Gaetano
               containing
               some
               rare
               Antique
               statues
               .
            
             
               Towards
               Navova
               is
               the
               Church
               of
               S.
               Apollinare
               formerly
               the
               Temple
               of
               Apollo
               ,
               and
               behind
               it
               the
               Church
               of
               Saint
               Augustine
               ,
               where
               the
               Tombe
               of
               
                 Santa
                 Monica
              
               his
               Mother
               is
               shewed
               with
               her
               Reliques
               .
            
             
               That
               spatious
               Court
               before
               the
               Palace
               of
               the
               Dutchess
               of
               Parma
               ,
               corruptly
               called
               
                 Piazza
                 Navona
              
               ,
               was
               formerly
               the
               
                 Circo
                 Agonale
              
               ,
               wherin
               they
               exhibited
               the
               Agonalian
               fights
               and
               games
               instituted
               by
               
                 Numa
                 Pompilius
              
               in
               honour
               of
               
                 Janus
                 .
                 Nero
              
               augmented
               this
               Circ
               ,
               and
               so
               did
               Alexander
               the
               Son
               of
               Manca
               ,
               who
               erected
               also
               near
               it
               a
               Palace
               and
               the
               famous
               Alexandrian
               Hot
               baths
               .
               Hereabouts
               also
               Nero
               and
               Adrian
               had
               their
               Baths
               .
               but
               the
               continued
               edifices
               there
               have
               lost
               the
               very
               foundations
               of
               the
               old
               structures
               .
            
             
               In
               the
               house
               of
               the
               Bishops
               of
               Saula
               ,
               is
               shewed
               the
               Head
               of
               M.
               
                 Tul
                 lius
                 Cicero
              
               ,
               in
               that
               of
               
                 Alexander
                 Ru●…ino
              
               ,
               the
               Image
               of
               
                 Julius
                 Caesar
              
               Armed
               ,
               like
               a
               Colossus
               ,
               with
               his
               thighs
               neatly
               harnessed
               after
               the
               old-fashion
               ,
               and
               oposite
               to
               it
               ,
               another
               of
               the
               same
               heighth
               ,
               and
               vests
               of
               
                 Octavius
                 Caesar.
              
               Then
               which
               statues
               ,
               Rome
               scarce
               affords
               any
               thing
               of
               better
               workmanship
               .
            
             
               Those
               round
               and
               high
               Arches
               which
               rise
               in
               that
               place
               called
               the
               Ciambella
               ,
               are
               reliques
               of
               the
               Bathes
               of
               
                 M.
                 Agrippa
              
               :
               near
               which
               Nero
               built
               others
               ,
               whose
               Fragments
               shew
               themselves
               behind
               S.
               Eustachio
               .
            
             
               
                 M.
                 Agrippa
              
               Built
               the
               Pantheon
               near
               his
               Bathes
               in
               honour
               of
               all
               the
               Gods
               ,
               a
               Temple
               to
               be
               admired
               for
               the
               Architecture
               and
               wealth
               ,
               the
               most
               antient
               ,
               entire
               ,
               and
               splendid
               of
               any
               at
               this
               day
               extant
               in
               Rome
               He
               built
               it
               orbicular
               ,
               that
               Preeminence
               of
               Place
               might
               create
               no
               quarrels
               among
               the
               Gods.
               Others
               say
               he
               dedicated
               it
               to
               Ope
               ,
               and
               Cibele
               ,
               as
               mother
               of
               the
               Gods
               ,
               and
               Mistress
               of
               the
               Earth
               .
               Afterwards
               the
               Popes
               consecrated
               it
               to
               the
               Blessed
               Virgin
               and
               all
               the
               Saints
               .
               It
               hath
               no
               windowes
               ,
               being
               in
               lieu
               thereof
               supplyed
               with
               light
               from
               a
               great
               Open
               space
               at
               top
               ,
               the
               rain
               water
               driving
               there
               through
               is
               received
               into
               a
               large
               brass
               Vessel
               at
               the
               bottom
               ,
               which
               in
               old
               time
               was
               covered
               with
               plates
               of
               silver
               but
               Constantine
               the
               Nephew
               of
               Heraclius
               took
               away
               that
               with
               the
               other
               ornaments
               of
               the
               City
               ;
               antiently
               t
               was
               ascended
               to
               by
               7
               steps
               ,
               but
               now
               who
               enters
               it
               must
               descend
               18.
               steps
               ,
               whereby
               appears
               how
               vast
               are
               the
               heaps
               of
               ruines
               .
               An
               inscription
               of
               very
               long
               Letters
               testifie
               that
               Severus
               ,
               and
               M.
               Antonius
               repaired
               the
               Pantheon
               :
               then
               threatning
               a
               ruine
               .
               Herein
               lies
               
                 Raphael
                 of
                 Urbin
              
               ,
               the
               Prince
               of
               Painters
               ▪
               And
               before
               it
               stands
               a
               large
               Vessel
               of
               Porphyr
               admirable
               for
               the
               grandeur
               and
               curiosity
               of
               workmanship
               ,
               one
               like
               to
               which
               is
               extant
               in
               
                 Santa
                 Maria
                 Maggiore
              
               under
               the
               Crucifix
               .
            
             
               Near
               it
               
                 Santa
                 Maria
                 della
                 Minerva
              
               ,
               so
               called
               from
               its
               first
               dedication
               to
               Minerva
               presents
               it self
               ;
               where
               the
               Dominican
               Fryers
               inhabit
               :
               which
               hath
               nothing
               of
               antiquity
               more
               than
               the
               Walls
               and
               some
               old
               Inscriptions
               .
               Here
               lies
               the
               Cardinals
               ,
               
                 Pietro
                 Bembo
              
               ,
               and
               
                 Tomaso
                 Gaetano
              
               ,
               learned
               men
               of
               their
               time
               :
               and
               
                 Santa
                 Caterina
              
               of
               Siena
               .
            
             
               A
               great
               arch
               now
               old
               ,
               rude
               ,
               and
               divested
               of
               all
               its
               ornaments
               ,
               
               stood
               near
               it
               ,
               called
               Camiliano
               ,
               which
               they
               think
               to
               be
               built
               by
               Camillus
               ,
               but
               falsly
               ,
               for
               those
               kind
               of
               works
               were
               first
               set
               a
               foot
               in
               the
               reigns
               of
               the
               Emperors
               :
               sometime
               since
               ,
               this
               Arch
               was
               by
               licence
               of
               Pope
               Clement
               the
               8th
               .
               pulled
               down
               by
               Cardinal
               Salviano
               ,
               who
               with
               those
               stones
               amplified
               his
               own
               adjacent
               Palace
               ,
               near
               this
               Arch
               lay
               a
               foot
               of
               a
               Colossus
               very
               great
               ,
               which
               is
               supposed
               to
               be
               transferred
               to
               the
               Campidoglio
               ,
               where
               t
               is
               now
               obvious
               .
            
             
               In
               the
               house
               of
               
                 Paulus
                 de
                 Castro
              
               ,
               is
               seen
               the
               head
               of
               Socrates
               ,
               with
               his
               whole
               breast
               ,
               and
               many
               other
               things
               which
               will
               recreate
               the
               spectator
               :
               In
               the
               Palace
               of
               
                 S.
                 Marca
              
               in
               the
               
                 Via
                 Lata
              
               ,
               there
               ,
               is
               such
               another
               Vessel
               of
               Marble
               as
               is
               at
               
                 San
                 Salvatore
                 del
                 Lauro
              
               ,
               taken
               out
               of
               the
               Baths
               of
               Agrippa
               and
               a
               statue
               of
               Fauna
               or
               as
               others
               say
               of
               the
               good
               Goddess
               .
            
             
               All
               those
               things
               wherewith
               of
               old
               the
               Court
               of
               Nerva
               was
               garnished
               ,
               are
               either
               by
               age
               decayed
               ,
               or
               translated
               to
               some
               other
               place
               t
               is
               called
               also
               
                 Foro
                 Transitorio
              
               ,
               because
               over
               it
               they
               walked
               to
               go
               to
               the
               
                 Foro
                 Augusto
              
               and
               Romano
               ,
               for
               which
               reason
               that
               Church
               is
               called
               
                 S.
                 Adriano
              
               in
               trefori
               .
               here
               stood
               likewise
               the
               Palace
               of
               the
               said
               Emperor
               whose
               ruines
               were
               removed
               elsewhere
               .
            
             
               Here
               also
               lies
               the
               
                 Foro
                 Trajano
              
               ,
               between
               the
               Campidoglio
               ,
               the
               Quirinale
               ,
               and
               the
               
                 Foro
                 Augusto
              
               ,
               this
               was
               environed
               with
               a
               magnificent
               gallery
               sustained
               with
               noble
               pillars
               ,
               whereof
               Apolliodorus
               was
               Architector
               and
               adorned
               with
               statues
               ,
               Images
               ,
               and
               a
               triumphal
               Marble
               Arch
               ,
               of
               all
               which
               nought
               remains
               ,
               except
               two
               of
               the
               Pillars
               at
               
                 Santa
                 Maria
                 di
                 Loreto
              
               .
               And
               one
               Collumne
               spread
               over
               within
               with
               Cockle
               shells
               ,
               which
               demonstrates
               the
               splendor
               and
               Majesty
               of
               the
               Emperors
               ;
               t
               is
               128
               foot
               high
               besides
               the
               bases
               ,
               which
               is
               12.
               foot
               more
               :
               t
               is
               raised
               by
               24
               stones
               only
               ,
               but
               they
               so
               vast
               ,
               that
               it
               appears
               the
               work
               of
               Gyants
               ,
               every
               one
               of
               those
               stones
               hath
               eight
               stayers
               by
               which
               they
               get
               up
               inwardly
               to
               the
               top
               ,
               which
               are
               enlightned
               by
               44
               Casements
               .
               Round
               it
               are
               carved
               the
               noble
               Acts
               of
               
                 Caesar
                 Trajano
              
               in
               the
               Dacian
               Warr.
               No
               part
               of
               the
               world
               can
               boast
               a
               work
               more
               admirable
               ,
               or
               more
               magnificent
               .
               'T
               was
               erected
               in
               honour
               of
               that
               good
               Emperor
               ,
               who
               was
               not
               so
               fortunate
               as
               to
               see
               it
               finished
               ,
               for
               being
               detained
               in
               the
               Parthick
               warr
               ,
               upon
               his
               return
               a
               flux
               of
               blood
               seized
               him
               in
               the
               City
               of
               Soria
               ,
               in
               Sele●…cia
               ,
               whereof
               he
               dyed
               his
               body
               was
               brought
               to
               Rome
               ,
               and
               his
               bones
               inclosed
               in
               a
               Pile
               ,
               placed
               on
               the
               top
               of
               the
               Columne
               .
            
             
               In
               this
               
                 Foro
                 di
                 Trajano
              
               ,
               stand
               the
               Churches
               of
               Saint
               Silvester
               ,
               S.
               Biasio
               ,
               Sant
               Martino
               ,
               placed
               there
               by
               
                 S.
                 Marco
              
               the
               first
               Pope
               .
               Boniface
               the
               8th
               .
               erected
               there
               3
               Towers
               ,
               called
               now
               ,
               
                 Le
                 Militie
              
               ,
               chiefly
               that
               in
               the
               midst
               ,
               where
               Trajan
               used
               to
               quarter
               his
               Souldiers
               .
            
             
               Above
               it
               lies
               the
               the
               Vineyard
               of
               Cardinal
               
                 Pietro
                 Aldobrandino
              
               ,
               meriting
               a
               view
               ,
               wherein
               besides
               the
               Fountains
               and
               Sources
               of
               waters
               which
               form
               many
               streams
               ,
               you
               may
               see
               some
               old
               noble
               Marbles
               among
               others
               Harpocrate
               a
               Child
               ,
               wrought
               by
               an
               exquisite
               hand
               ,
               and
               an
               old
               painted
               picture
               ,
               found
               some
               yeers
               since
               retaining
               the
               beauty
               of
               its
               colours
               :
               a
               wonder
               to
               believe
               ,
               since
               it
               is
               so
               antient
               ,
               and
               so
               long
               lay
               hid
               in
               a
               grotto
               near
               S.
               
                 Maria
                 Maggiore
              
               .
            
             
               
               
                 IL
                 MONTE
                 ESQUILINO
                 .
              
               
                 AT
                 the
                 
                   Foro
                   di
                   Nerva
                
                 begins
                 the
                 Suburb
                 ,
                 which
                 extended
                 to
                 the
                 Tiburtina
                 dividing
                 the
                 Esquilie
                 ;
                 the
                 Vale
                 between
                 the
                 Esquilie
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Viminale
                 they
                 name
                 
                   Vico
                   Patricio
                
                 ,
                 because
                 many
                 Patritii
                 that
                 is
                 to
                 say
                 Nobles
                 dwelt
                 in
                 that
                 part
                 .
              
               
                 L'Esquilie
                 ,
                 was
                 so
                 called
                 because
                 in
                 the
                 time
                 of
                 Romulus
                 the
                 Sentinels
                 were
                 placed
                 there
                 ,
                 this
                 hill
                 is
                 severed
                 from
                 the
                 Celio
                 ,
                 by
                 the
                 
                   Via
                   Lavicana
                
                 from
                 the
                 Viminale
                 by
                 the
                 
                   Vico
                   Patritio
                
                 .
                 The
                 
                   Via
                   Tiburtina
                
                 ,
                 as
                 abovesaid
                 (
                 crosseth
                 it
                 in
                 the
                 midst
                 which
                 way
                 ascends
                 from
                 the
                 Suburb
                 to
                 the
                 
                   Porta
                   Nevia
                
                 ,
                 but
                 before
                 it
                 comes
                 to
                 the
                 trophees
                 of
                 Marius
                 t
                 is
                 cut
                 in
                 two
                 ,
                 the
                 right
                 hand
                 way
                 leads
                 towards
                 
                   San
                   Giovanni
                   Laterano
                
                 ,
                 conjoyning
                 with
                 the
                 Lavicana
                 ,
                 the
                 left
                 goes
                 to
                 the
                 
                   Porta
                   di
                   San
                   Lorenzo
                
                 by
                 the
                 name
                 of
                 Prenestina
                 .
              
               
                 In
                 the
                 
                   Via
                   Tiburtina
                
                 ,
                 is
                 the
                 Arch
                 of
                 Galienus
                 the
                 Emperor
                 called
                 
                   San
                   Vito
                
                 from
                 the
                 neighbouring
                 Temple
                 .
                 Here
                 was
                 the
                 
                   Macello
                   Lanieno
                
                 ,
                 the
                 Market
                 for
                 all
                 eating
                 things
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Temple
                 of
                 Isis
                 ,
                 now
                 of
                 
                   Santa
                   Maria
                   Maggiore
                
                 ,
                 consists
                 of
                 exquisite
                 structure
                 ,
                 adorned
                 with
                 gold
                 and
                 rare
                 Marbles
                 and
                 sustained
                 by
                 Ionick
                 Pillars
                 .
                 Here
                 
                   Santo
                   Hieronimo
                
                 ,
                 lies
                 enterred
                 and
                 here
                 they
                 shew
                 an
                 Image
                 of
                 the
                 Virgin
                 ,
                 painted
                 (
                 as
                 is
                 credited
                 )
                 by
                 St.
                 Luke
                 the
                 Evangelist
                 ,
                 Near
                 it
                 stands
                 the
                 Church
                 of
                 S.
                 Lucia
                 ,
                 and
                 that
                 of
                 S.
                 Pudentiana
                 here
                 of
                 old
                 stood
                 a
                 wood
                 sacred
                 to
                 Juno
                 reverenced
                 with
                 great
                 but
                 blind
                 zeal
                 .
              
               
                 In
                 the
                 Church
                 of
                 S.
                 Prassede
                 ,
                 are
                 many
                 inscriptions
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Pillar
                 (
                 to
                 which
                 our
                 Lord
                 being
                 bound
                 )
                 was
                 whipped
                 ,
                 this
                 they
                 say
                 was
                 brought
                 from
                 Jerusalem
                 .
                 In
                 
                   San
                   Pietro
                   in
                   Vincula
                
                 are
                 many
                 admi
                 rable
                 things
                 ,
                 among
                 others
                 the
                 Tombes
                 of
                 Julius
                 the
                 second
                 whereon
                 Moses
                 is
                 engraven
                 by
                 Buonorota
                 ;
                 a
                 work
                 excelling
                 most
                 of
                 the
                 Antient
                 ,
                 of
                 Cardinal
                 Sadoleto
                 ,
                 and
                 Cardinal
                 
                   di
                   Tucino
                
                 .
              
               
                 Thence
                 you
                 go
                 to
                 the
                 Church
                 
                   de
                   quaranta
                   Martiri
                
                 ,
                 from
                 whence
                 by
                 the
                 
                   Via
                   Labicano
                
                 to
                 S.
                 Clement
                 the
                 Esquilie
                 extended
                 it self
                 ,
                 and
                 was
                 there
                 called
                 Carine
                 .
              
               
                 Near
                 Saint
                 Pietro
                 in
                 Vincula
                 ,
                 are
                 some
                 subterranean
                 edifices
                 ,
                 the
                 remains
                 of
                 Vespasians
                 Baths
                 ,
                 called
                 the
                 
                   Sette
                   Sale
                
                 ,
                 being
                 designed
                 for
                 keeping
                 the
                 waters
                 requisite
                 to
                 the
                 Baths
                 ,
                 in
                 them
                 was
                 found
                 that
                 sta
                 tue
                 of
                 Laocoon
                 now
                 translated
                 to
                 the
                 Vatican
                 ,
                 which
                 gives
                 such
                 admiration
                 to
                 all
                 aspicients
                 .
                 The
                 Church
                 of
                 
                   S.
                   Maria
                   n●…
                   Monti
                
                 ,
                 was
                 built
                 by
                 Pope
                 Symachus
                 ,
                 in
                 the
                 decayes
                 of
                 Adrians
                 Baths
                 :
                 the
                 place
                 being
                 thence
                 denominated
                 at
                 this
                 day
                 Adrianello
                 .
              
               
                 At
                 the
                 Church
                 
                   d'Santi
                   Ginliano
                
                 and
                 Eusebio
                 ,
                 elates
                 it self
                 a
                 huge
                 Fabrick
                 of
                 brick
                 work
                 ,
                 wherein
                 were
                 the
                 receptacles
                 of
                 the
                 
                   Aqua
                   Martia
                
                 :
                 on
                 the
                 upper
                 part
                 whereof
                 are
                 figured
                 the
                 Trophees
                 of
                 Marius
                 that
                 is
                 a
                 heap
                 of
                 spoils
                 and
                 Arms
                 bound
                 to
                 the
                 body
                 of
                 a
                 Tree
                 placed
                 there
                 in
                 honour
                 of
                 Marius
                 for
                 his
                 expedition
                 against
                 the
                 Cimbrians
                 which
                 things
                 being
                 afterwards
                 torn
                 down
                 by
                 Sylla
                 in
                 the
                 civil
                 war
                 ,
                 were
                 restored
                 again
                 by
                 
                   C
                   ,
                   Caesar
                
                 to
                 their
                 former
                 lustre
                 ,
                 and
                 yet
                 remain
                 in
                 the
                 Campidoglio
                 .
                 Behind
                 the
                 Trophees
                 in
                 that
                 Vineyard
                 appear
                 great
                 ruines
                 of
                 the
                 Emperor
                 Gordianus
                 his
                 Baths
                 near
                 which
                 
                 the
                 said
                 Emperor
                 raised
                 a
                 stupendious
                 Palace
                 which
                 had
                 two
                 hundred
                 Pillars
                 in
                 a
                 double
                 Rank
                 .
                 But
                 hereof
                 no
                 more
                 but
                 high
                 walls
                 appear
                 .
                 All
                 its
                 Ornaments
                 and
                 Pillars
                 ,
                 being
                 thence
                 translated
                 for
                 beautifying
                 other
                 Palaces
                 .
              
               
                 From
                 these
                 Baths
                 the
                 way
                 on
                 the
                 right
                 hand
                 called
                 Labicana
                 goes
                 to
                 
                   Porta
                   Maggiore
                
                 ,
                 or
                 
                   Sant●…
                   Croce
                
                 ,
                 antiently
                 Nevia
                 .
                 Between
                 this
                 Gate
                 and
                 that
                 of
                 
                   San
                   Lorenzo
                
                 ,
                 near
                 the
                 walls
                 rise
                 vast
                 ruines
                 of
                 the
                 Temple
                 dedicated
                 to
                 the
                 name
                 of
                 ●…aius
                 ,
                 and
                 Lucius
                 the
                 Nephews
                 of
                 Augustus
                 and
                 built
                 by
                 him
                 ,
                 one
                 arched
                 roof
                 yet
                 may
                 be
                 seen
                 called
                 Gallucio
                 as
                 of
                 Caio
                 and
                 L●…cio
                 .
              
               
                 Near
                 it
                 was
                 the
                 Palace
                 of
                 Licino
                 ,
                 where
                 now
                 
                   S.
                   Sabina
                
                 stands
                 ,
                 there
                 placed
                 by
                 Pope
                 Simplex
                 ,
                 contiguous
                 with
                 which
                 Pallace
                 was
                 the
                 place
                 called
                 
                   Orso
                   Pileato
                
                 ,
                 from
                 a
                 Bears
                 figure
                 there
                 .
              
               
                 By
                 the
                 gate
                 
                   Esquili●…a
                   ,
                   San
                   Lorenzo
                
                 or
                 Tibuntina
                 ,
                 by
                 all
                 which
                 names
                 t
                 is
                 frequently
                 called
                 :
                 stands
                 the
                 Church
                 
                   San
                   Lorenzo
                
                 ,
                 built
                 by
                 Constantine
                 the
                 great
                 in
                 honour
                 of
                 that
                 Martyr
                 replenished
                 with
                 antiquities
                 ,
                 but
                 especially
                 the
                 instruments
                 used
                 in
                 the
                 sacrifices
                 are
                 carved
                 on
                 inembossed
                 work
                 ,
                 by
                 this
                 Gate
                 also
                 enters
                 the
                 Aqueduct
                 by
                 which
                 the
                 
                   Aqua
                   Martia
                
                 is
                 conveighed
                 into
                 the
                 City
                 ,
                 first
                 raised
                 by
                 
                   Q.
                   Martius
                
                 ,
                 afterwards
                 consumed
                 by
                 Age
                 restored
                 by
                 
                   M.
                   Agrippa
                
                 .
              
               
                 This
                 water
                 was
                 brought
                 from
                 35.
                 miles
                 off
                 the
                 City
                 ,
                 and
                 ran
                 into
                 Dioclesians
                 Baths
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 adjacent
                 places
                 ,
                 t
                 was
                 very
                 healthfull
                 ,
                 and
                 therefore
                 chiefly
                 accomodated
                 for
                 the
                 drink
                 of
                 the
                 People
                 .
              
               
                 On
                 the
                 other
                 side
                 of
                 this
                 Gate
                 entered
                 the
                 
                   Acque
                   Tepola
                   &
                   Julia
                
                 :
                 the
                 one
                 was
                 conveighed
                 six
                 miles
                 the
                 other
                 eleaven
                 from
                 without
                 the
                 City
                 .
                 To
                 these
                 joyned
                 the
                 Aniene
                 which
                 ran
                 from
                 Tivoli
                 20.
                 miles
                 distance
                 .
                 Over
                 the
                 Aniene
                 stands
                 the
                 
                   Ponte
                   Mammea
                
                 ,
                 so
                 named
                 from
                 Mammea
                 the
                 Mother
                 of
                 
                   Alexander
                   Severus
                
                 the
                 Emperor
                 ,
                 by
                 whom
                 t
                 was
                 repaired
                 ,
                 from
                 this
                 Gate
                 the
                 
                   Via
                   Prenestina
                
                 reached
                 to
                 Praenest●…
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Labicana
                 to
                 Labi
                 .
              
               
                 That
                 part
                 of
                 the
                 Esquilie
                 near
                 
                   San
                   Lorenzo
                   in
                   Fon●…
                
                 ,
                 was
                 named
                 
                   Virbo
                   Clivio
                
                 ,
                 which
                 was
                 the
                 Grove
                 Fugatale
                 where
                 
                   Servius
                   Tullius
                
                 dwelt
                 and
                 there
                 lies
                 the
                 
                   Vico
                   Ciprio
                
                 ,
                 called
                 also
                 Scelerato
                 ,
                 for
                 that
                 Tullius
                 was
                 there
                 slain
                 by
                 his
                 Son
                 in
                 Law
                 ,
                 over
                 whose
                 dead
                 body
                 his
                 own
                 Daughter
                 commanded
                 her
                 Coachman
                 to
                 drive
                 her
                 Chariot
                 .
                 This
                 Vico
                 ,
                 or
                 Town
                 extended
                 to
                 
                   Busta
                   Gallica
                
                 ,
                 where
                 the
                 
                   Galli
                   Senoni
                
                 or
                 the
                 French
                 were
                 slain
                 ,
                 burnt
                 and
                 buried
                 by
                 Camillus
                 :
                 now
                 this
                 place
                 s
                 denominated
                 
                   Porto
                   Gallo
                
                 ,
                 where
                 the
                 Church
                 Saint
                 Andrea
                 :
                 is
                 built
                 On
                 the
                 top
                 of
                 this
                 
                   Vico
                   Scelerato
                   Cossius
                
                 had
                 his
                 Palace
                 afterwards
                 dedicated
                 to
                 the
                 Goddess
                 Tellura
                 now
                 to
                 Saint
                 
                   Pantaleo●…
                   ▪
                
                 near
                 
                   Santa
                   Agna
                
                 at
                 the
                 foot
                 of
                 the
                 Viminale
                 stood
                 a
                 Temple
                 of
                 Silv●…
                 ,
                 whose
                 decays
                 yet
                 appear
                 .
              
            
             
               
               
                 IL
                 COLLE
                 VIMINALE
                 .
              
               
                 THe
                 hill
                 Viminale
                 is
                 next
                 to
                 the
                 Esquilino
                 ,
                 and
                 runs
                 along
                 by
                 the
                 Walls
                 :
                 t
                 was
                 so
                 named
                 from
                 a
                 famous
                 Temple
                 dedicated
                 to
                 
                   Jupiter
                   Viminale
                
                 :
                 whence
                 also
                 the
                 contiguous
                 Gate
                 took
                 the
                 name
                 Viminale
                 and
                 Nomentana
                 ,
                 from
                 the
                 way
                 leading
                 to
                 Nomento
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 now
                 called
                 
                   S.
                   Agnese
                
                 from
                 the
                 Church
                 of
                 that
                 name
                 near
                 it
                 ,
                 which
                 was
                 formerly
                 dedicated
                 to
                 Bacchus
                 ,
                 therein
                 is
                 an
                 old
                 porphyr
                 Arch
                 the
                 greatest
                 now
                 extant
                 in
                 Rome
                 ,
                 whereon
                 are
                 engraven
                 Boyes
                 gathering
                 Grapes
                 :
                 which
                 some
                 call
                 the
                 Sepulchre
                 of
                 Bacchus
                 ,
                 but
                 erroneously
                 .
              
               
                 In
                 the
                 
                   Via
                   Nomentana
                
                 a
                 little
                 farther
                 is
                 the
                 
                   Ponte
                   Nomentano
                
                 built
                 by
                 Narsetes
                 the
                 Eunuch
                 under
                 Justinian
                 the
                 Emperor
                 ,
                 as
                 the
                 inscription
                 testifies
                 .
                 Nero
                 the
                 Emperour
                 ,
                 between
                 the
                 
                   Porta
                   Suburbana
                
                 ,
                 and
                 Salaria
                 ,
                 had
                 Suburbano
                 a
                 singular
                 edifice
                 ,
                 which
                 he
                 gave
                 to
                 a
                 Freed
                 Man
                 who
                 fearinga
                 publique
                 punishment
                 by
                 a
                 poynard
                 thrust
                 into
                 his
                 brest
                 and
                 the
                 help
                 of
                 Sporo
                 another
                 freed
                 Man
                 slew
                 himself
                 :
                 some
                 ruines
                 of
                 this
                 Fabrick
                 yet
                 remain
                 .
              
               
                 
                   Porta
                   Querquetulana
                
                 is
                 now
                 a
                 Church
                 near
                 which
                 appear
                 square
                 wals
                 the
                 Remains
                 of
                 the
                 Castle
                 deputed
                 for
                 the
                 Souldiers
                 stations
                 apointed
                 for
                 the
                 Emperors
                 guards
                 .
              
               
                 On
                 the
                 Viminale
                 ,
                 are
                 seen
                 the
                 Baths
                 of
                 Dioclesian
                 ,
                 of
                 an
                 admired
                 Vastness
                 and
                 sumptuosity
                 ,
                 which
                 though
                 much
                 decayed
                 ,
                 are
                 yet
                 the
                 most
                 entire
                 in
                 Rome
                 ,
                 'T
                 is
                 said
                 that
                 forty
                 thousand
                 Christians
                 were
                 in
                 a
                 servile
                 manner
                 turmoyled
                 for
                 fourteen
                 yeers
                 in
                 the
                 structure
                 hereof
                 .
                 Dioclesian
                 and
                 Maximinian
                 began
                 them
                 ,
                 but
                 Constantine
                 and
                 Massiminian
                 ,
                 compleated
                 them
                 now
                 called
                 
                   Alle
                   Terme
                
                 ,
                 where
                 appears
                 a
                 certain
                 place
                 made
                 for
                 receit
                 of
                 the
                 waters
                 employed
                 in
                 those
                 Baths
                 ,
                 called
                 
                   Bacco
                   di
                   terme
                   ;
                   Dioclesian
                
                 adjoined
                 a
                 Palace
                 to
                 them
                 ,
                 whose
                 ruines
                 manifestly
                 shew
                 themselves
                 .
                 And
                 here
                 was
                 that
                 celebrious
                 Library
                 called
                 Ulpa
                 ,
                 where
                 the
                 Elephantine
                 books
                 were
                 disposed
                 .
              
               
                 On
                 the
                 right
                 hand
                 of
                 these
                 Baths
                 ,
                 are
                 the
                 Gardens
                 formerly
                 appertaining
                 to
                 Cardinal
                 Bellay
                 ,
                 but
                 now
                 to
                 the
                 Monks
                 of
                 the
                 order
                 of
                 Saint
                 Bernard
                 ,
                 to
                 whose
                 industry
                 the
                 ingenious
                 owe
                 the
                 Invention
                 and
                 designes
                 made
                 by
                 wind
                 .
                 And
                 on
                 their
                 left
                 hand
                 ,
                 stands
                 the
                 Church
                 of
                 
                   Santa
                   Susanna
                
                 ,
                 in
                 old
                 time
                 the
                 Temple
                 of
                 Quirinus
                 .
                 In
                 this
                 place
                 they
                 believe
                 Romulus
                 (
                 being
                 praeascended
                 into
                 Heaven
                 )
                 appeared
                 to
                 
                   Proculus
                   Julius
                
                 then
                 returning
                 from
                 Alba
                 ,
                 for
                 which
                 cause
                 the
                 Senate
                 consecrated
                 a
                 Temple
                 and
                 attributed
                 to
                 him
                 divine
                 honours
                 .
                 Here
                 also
                 (
                 
                   ut
                   aiunt
                
                 )
                 Romulus
                 frequently
                 descended
                 and
                 communicated
                 divers
                 things
                 to
                 Alba.
                 
              
               
                 The
                 foundations
                 of
                 the
                 Olympiade
                 Bathsyet
                 continue
                 near
                 
                   S.
                   Lorenzo
                
                 in
                 
                   Pane
                   &
                   Perna
                
                 ,
                 vulgarly
                 named
                 Pamiperna
                 where
                 Decius
                 the
                 Emperors
                 Pallace
                 stood
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Church
                 
                   S.
                   Prudentia
                
                 ,
                 was
                 built
                 by
                 Pius
                 the
                 fourth
                 ,
                 at
                 the
                 request
                 of
                 
                   Santa
                   Prascede
                
                 his
                 Sister
                 ,
                 where
                 likewise
                 appear
                 the
                 walls
                 of
                 the
                 Baths
                 Novati
                 .
                 And
                 the
                 ruines
                 of
                 the
                 Baths
                 of
                 Agrippina
                 the
                 Mother
                 of
                 Nero
                 ,
                 are
                 yet
                 extant
                 by
                 the
                 Church
                 S
                 Vitalis
                 .
              
               
               
                 In
                 
                   San
                   Lorenzo
                
                 in
                 Proserpina
                 shewes
                 it self
                 a
                 great
                 Marble
                 Stone
                 reverenced
                 with
                 great
                 adoration
                 and
                 religion
                 ,
                 whereon
                 (
                 
                   ut
                   aiunt
                
                 )
                 the
                 roasted
                 body
                 of
                 
                   San
                   Lorenzo
                
                 ,
                 was
                 repo●…ed
                 after
                 his
                 death
                 :
                 here
                 lies
                 buried
                 Cardinal
                 Cirketo
                 the
                 delight
                 of
                 the
                 Learned
                 of
                 our
                 times
                 .
              
               
                 Beyond
                 the
                 Church
                 S.
                 Susanna
                 by
                 the
                 
                   Via
                   Quirinale
                
                 lay
                 heretofore
                 the
                 gardens
                 of
                 Rodolfo
                 ,
                 Cardinal
                 Carpente
                 ,
                 then
                 which
                 ,
                 no
                 part
                 of
                 
                   Ita
                   ly
                
                 nay
                 Naples
                 it self
                 (
                 where
                 are
                 the
                 most
                 excelling
                 )
                 afforded
                 more
                 delicious
                 .
                 In
                 it
                 were
                 134
                 statues
                 engraven
                 with
                 divers
                 artificial
                 figures
                 and
                 other
                 admirable
                 curiosities
                 so
                 well
                 disposed
                 ,
                 that
                 no
                 Fancy
                 could
                 reach
                 that
                 Paradise
                 ,
                 nor
                 ocular
                 view
                 scarce
                 apprehend
                 its
                 glory
                 ,
                 to
                 say
                 no
                 more
                 this
                 garden
                 was
                 an
                 Embleme
                 of
                 that
                 Cardinal
                 its
                 Patron
                 the
                 son
                 of
                 
                   Alberto
                   Pio
                
                 Prince
                 of
                 Carpi
                 ,
                 for
                 as
                 that
                 exceeded
                 most
                 ,
                 so
                 his
                 knowledge
                 in
                 antiquities
                 and
                 Learning
                 was
                 admired
                 by
                 all
                 ,
                 he
                 wrote
                 learnedly
                 against
                 Erasmus
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 
                   IL
                   COLLE
                   QURINALE
                
                 or
                 
                   MONTE
                   CAVALLO
                
                 .
              
               
                 THis
                 hill
                 was
                 so
                 demonstrated
                 from
                 the
                 Name
                 Quiri
                 or
                 Curi
                 ,
                 a
                 Family
                 of
                 the
                 Sabines
                 who
                 marching
                 among
                 others
                 under
                 Statius
                 their
                 Captain
                 ,
                 to
                 reside
                 at
                 Rome
                 ,
                 inhabited
                 this
                 hill
                 ,
                 now
                 called
                 
                   Monte
                   Cavalli
                
                 ,
                 from
                 the
                 artificial
                 horses
                 there
                 yet
                 visible
                 .
                 T
                 is
                 divided
                 from
                 the
                 Viminale
                 by
                 that
                 way
                 which
                 conducts
                 to
                 the
                 
                   Porta
                   S.
                   Agnese
                
                 .
                 Upon
                 
                   Monte
                   Cavallo
                
                 where
                 were
                 the
                 Vineyards
                 of
                 the
                 Cardinal
                 of
                 Estè
                 now
                 stands
                 a
                 Palace
                 of
                 the
                 Popes
                 admirable
                 for
                 the
                 Grottoes
                 ,
                 walks
                 ,
                 Arbors
                 ,
                 and
                 artificial
                 Fountains
                 .
                 The
                 chief
                 was
                 the
                 work
                 of
                 Pope
                 Clement
                 the
                 8th
                 .
                 whereon
                 is
                 wrote
                 the
                 history
                 of
                 Moses
                 in
                 Mosaique
                 work
                 .
                 Here
                 stand
                 some
                 old
                 statues
                 of
                 the
                 Muses
                 ,
                 and
                 here
                 you
                 may
                 hear
                 one
                 of
                 those
                 Organes
                 ,
                 called
                 of
                 old
                 Hydraulici
                 ,
                 because
                 they
                 sounded
                 by
                 force
                 of
                 the
                 Waters
                 .
                 You
                 ascend
                 this
                 Fountain
                 by
                 some
                 steps
                 ,
                 upon
                 the
                 ballostres
                 whereof
                 stand
                 certain
                 Vessels
                 which
                 spout
                 out
                 water
                 very
                 high
                 ,
                 which
                 in
                 their
                 fall
                 present
                 divers
                 figures
                 before
                 it
                 lies
                 ample
                 fish
                 ponds
                 with
                 a
                 Circle
                 of
                 Plain
                 trees
                 wch
                 .
                 afford
                 a
                 thick
                 and
                 lovely
                 shade
                 ,
                 in
                 fine
                 such
                 is
                 the
                 the
                 Variety
                 of
                 Marbles
                 ,
                 the
                 excellency
                 and
                 fairness
                 of
                 the
                 statues
                 the
                 diversity
                 of
                 the
                 Inscriptions
                 ,
                 the
                 beauty
                 of
                 the
                 walks
                 ,
                 the
                 pleasantness
                 of
                 the
                 Fountains
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 shade
                 of
                 the
                 Groves
                 in
                 these
                 pontifical
                 Vineyards
                 ,
                 That
                 the
                 studious
                 may
                 find
                 here
                 fit
                 objects
                 for
                 their
                 Observations
                 The
                 Curious
                 for
                 their
                 admiration
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Lovers
                 of
                 Solitude
                 for
                 their
                 deportment
                 and
                 retreats
                 .
                 Hence
                 a
                 little
                 distant
                 lies
                 the
                 Vineyard
                 of
                 Octavio
                 Cardinal
                 Bandini
                 ,
                 well
                 kept
                 and
                 worthy
                 a
                 view
                 .
                 And
                 at
                 the
                 four
                 fountains
                 the
                 Palace
                 of
                 the
                 Mattei
                 ,
                 which
                 hath
                 some
                 fair
                 statues
                 as
                 well
                 antient
                 as
                 modern
                 .
              
               
                 Round
                 about
                 which
                 lye
                 several
                 other
                 Vineyards
                 and
                 Gardens
                 ,
                 as
                 of
                 the
                 Teatini
                 ,
                 of
                 the
                 Colonna's
                 and
                 of
                 
                   Patriarca
                   Biondo
                
                 ,
                 near
                 which
                 
                 is
                 the
                 Church
                 Saint
                 Andrea
                 ,
                 repaired
                 by
                 the
                 Jesuites
                 ,
                 where
                 the
                 
                   B.
                   Stanislao
                   Kostka
                   ,
                   a
                   Polach
                   ,
                
                 lies
                 buried
                 who
                 there
                 acomplished
                 his
                 days
                 .
              
               
                 Upon
                 this
                 Mount
                 stand
                 two
                 Collossus
                 or
                 statues
                 as
                 t
                 were
                 of
                 Gyants
                 holding
                 two
                 wild
                 horses
                 by
                 a
                 Bridle
                 cut
                 in
                 Marble
                 ,
                 upon
                 whose
                 pilaster
                 we
                 read
                 ,
                 that
                 they
                 were
                 the
                 work
                 of
                 Phidia
                 ,
                 and
                 Prasitelle
                 ,
                 from
                 which
                 horsestis
                 called
                 
                   Monte
                   Cavallo
                
                 .
                 And
                 the
                 report
                 goes
                 that
                 Tiridates
                 King
                 of
                 the
                 Armenians
                 ,
                 presented
                 them
                 to
                 Nero
                 ,
                 who
                 (
                 that
                 he
                 might
                 entertain
                 that
                 stranger
                 King
                 worthily
                 and
                 according
                 to
                 the
                 Roman
                 splendor
                 )
                 caused
                 Pompeyes
                 Theatre
                 (
                 where
                 he
                 exhibited
                 the
                 Games
                 for
                 that
                 Kings
                 Solace
                 and
                 recreation
                 )
                 in
                 three
                 days
                 to
                 be
                 layed
                 all
                 over
                 with
                 silver
                 Plates
                 :
                 Which
                 magnificence
                 the
                 King
                 did
                 not
                 so
                 much
                 admire
                 (
                 knowing
                 well
                 that
                 in
                 Rome
                 were
                 heaped
                 up
                 the
                 riches
                 of
                 the
                 world
                 )
                 as
                 the
                 diligence
                 and
                 ingenuity
                 of
                 the
                 workmen
                 ,
                 that
                 in
                 so
                 short
                 a
                 time
                 could
                 perfect
                 so
                 noble
                 ingenious
                 a
                 work
                 ,
                 which
                 in
                 him
                 created
                 astonishment
                 .
              
               
                 Here
                 the
                 Benedictine
                 Fryers
                 had
                 a
                 comodious
                 habitation
                 :
                 which
                 some
                 time
                 since
                 they
                 surrendred
                 to
                 the
                 Apostolick
                 Chamber
                 ,
                 opposite
                 whereto
                 is
                 a
                 Pontifical
                 Palace
                 ,
                 built
                 by
                 Sixtus
                 the
                 5th
                 .
                 for
                 their
                 cool
                 retreat
                 in
                 hot
                 weather
                 ;
                 whence
                 somewhat
                 ,
                 in
                 the
                 Vigna
                 of
                 the
                 Colonnesi
                 ,
                 raiseth
                 it self
                 the
                 Frontispiece
                 of
                 Neros
                 Pallace
                 ,
                 vulgarly
                 called
                 
                   Frontone
                   di
                   Nerone
                
                 ,
                 Hence
                 Nero
                 beheld
                 the
                 Fire
                 which
                 was
                 by
                 his
                 own
                 incendiaries
                 kindled
                 in
                 the
                 City
                 of
                 Rome
                 which
                 afterwards
                 he
                 imputed
                 to
                 the
                 Christians
                 ,
                 that
                 by
                 this
                 Calumny
                 he
                 might
                 draw
                 them
                 into
                 hatred
                 with
                 the
                 Senate
                 and
                 People
                 of
                 Rome
                 ,
                 and
                 by
                 a
                 publick
                 edict
                 commanded
                 ,
                 that
                 as
                 many
                 as
                 were
                 apprehended
                 ,
                 confessing
                 Christ
                 for
                 God
                 should
                 be
                 burnt
                 and
                 excarnified
                 in
                 Neros
                 gardens
                 which
                 Persecution
                 continued
                 three
                 days
                 .
              
               
                 On
                 the
                 other
                 part
                 of
                 the
                 Quirinale
                 ,
                 are
                 many
                 Arches
                 ,
                 Cels
                 ,
                 &
                 caves
                 of
                 different
                 workmanship
                 under
                 ground
                 ,
                 the
                 Reliques
                 of
                 the
                 Emperor
                 Constantines
                 Baths
                 of
                 hot
                 waters
                 .
                 And
                 thence
                 looking
                 towards
                 the
                 Suburbs
                 ,
                 you
                 behold
                 an
                 old
                 Temple
                 in
                 the
                 gardens
                 of
                 the
                 Bartolini
                 ,
                 made
                 ov
                 all
                 and
                 wrought
                 with
                 divers
                 shapes
                 of
                 Fishes
                 and
                 other
                 Ornaments
                 which
                 was
                 dedicated
                 to
                 Neptune
                 .
              
               
                 Near
                 hereto
                 is
                 the
                 place
                 vnlgarly
                 called
                 Bagnanapoli
                 ,
                 that
                 is
                 
                   Bagni
                   di
                   Paulo
                
                 ,
                 because
                 they
                 were
                 made
                 by
                 
                   Paulus
                   AEmilius
                
                 :
                 The
                 Monastery
                 of
                 the
                 Nuns
                 of
                 Saint
                 Benedict
                 built
                 by
                 Pope
                 Pius
                 the
                 5th
                 .
                 and
                 the
                 Palace
                 of
                 the
                 Conti
                 ,
                 rise
                 out
                 of
                 the
                 ruins
                 of
                 those
                 Baths
                 ,
                 whereof
                 to
                 this
                 day
                 some
                 small
                 fragments
                 are
                 extant
                 .
                 The
                 Tower
                 
                   de
                   Conti
                
                 ,
                 was
                 raised
                 by
                 Innocent
                 the
                 3d.
                 and
                 that
                 of
                 the
                 Militie
                 by
                 Boniface
                 the
                 8th
                 .
              
               
                 On
                 this
                 part
                 of
                 the
                 Quirinale
                 ,
                 stood
                 the
                 house
                 of
                 the
                 Cornelii
                 ,
                 called
                 now
                 
                   Vico
                   di
                   Cornelii
                
                 ,
                 and
                 
                   S.
                   Salvatore
                   de
                   Cornelii
                
                 ,
                 a
                 Temple
                 sacred
                 of
                 old
                 to
                 Saturn
                 and
                 Bacchus
                 .
              
               
                 From
                 the
                 Church
                 S.
                 Salvatore
                 ,
                 to
                 the
                 
                   Porta
                   disan
                   Agnese
                
                 ,
                 reacheth
                 the
                 Street
                 called
                 
                   Alta
                   Semita
                
                 ,
                 on
                 the
                 right
                 hand
                 whereof
                 near
                 
                   San
                   Vitale
                
                 ,
                 stood
                 the
                 house
                 of
                 
                   Pomponius
                   Atticus
                
                 ,
                 with
                 a
                 wood
                 .
                 Hereby
                 also
                 was
                 the
                 
                   Suburra
                   Piana
                
                 ,
                 and
                 at
                 the
                 foot
                 of
                 the
                 Viminale
                 a
                 Temple
                 of
                 Silvanus
                 .
              
               
                 Upon
                 the
                 top
                 of
                 the
                 Quirinale
                 ,
                 stood
                 a
                 Temple
                 consecrated
                 to
                 Apollo
                 ,
                 and
                 Clara
                 ,
                 two
                 small
                 Temples
                 of
                 Jupiter
                 and
                 Juno
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 old
                 Capitol
                 ;
                 of
                 these
                 structures
                 scarce
                 any
                 reliques
                 appear
                 ,
                 here
                 now
                 is
                 the
                 
                 Monastery
                 of
                 the
                 Nuns
                 of
                 Saint
                 Domenick
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Church
                 of
                 
                   Santa
                   Maria
                   Magdalena
                
                 .
              
               
                 Near
                 
                   San
                   Susanna
                
                 ,
                 stood
                 the
                 Court
                 and
                 house
                 of
                 Salust
                 ,
                 which
                 place
                 is
                 now
                 corruptly
                 called
                 Callostrico
                 :
                 his
                 fair
                 gardens
                 took
                 up
                 all
                 that
                 space
                 between
                 the
                 
                   Porta
                   Salaria
                
                 and
                 
                   la
                   Pinciana
                
                 ,
                 in
                 the
                 midst
                 whereof
                 stood
                 a
                 small
                 Obelisk
                 carved
                 with
                 Hyeroglyphicks
                 ,
                 dedicated
                 to
                 Luna
                 ,
                 since
                 amoved
                 .
              
               
                 In
                 the
                 descent
                 from
                 the
                 Quirinale
                 ,
                 towards
                 the
                 Foro
                 of
                 Nerva
                 a
                 high
                 Tower
                 presents
                 it self
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 vulgarly
                 called
                 
                   Torre
                   Mezza
                
                 ,
                 which
                 t
                 is
                 believed
                 was
                 one
                 part
                 of
                 the
                 house
                 of
                 Maecenas
                 ,
                 adjoyning
                 whereunto
                 were
                 his
                 delicious
                 Gardens
                 ,
                 whereto
                 
                   Augustus
                   Caesar
                
                 frequently
                 withdrew
                 himself
                 from
                 his
                 more
                 weighty
                 affairs
                 to
                 recreate
                 himself
                 with
                 his
                 Friend
                 ,
                 and
                 to
                 revive
                 his
                 toyled
                 Spirits
                 .
                 Others
                 believe
                 it
                 to
                 be
                 a
                 part
                 of
                 the
                 Temple
                 dedicated
                 by
                 
                   Marcus
                   Aurelius
                
                 to
                 the
                 Sunne
                 .
              
            
          
           
             
               The
               Fourth
               dayes
               Journey
               of
               ROME
               .
            
             
               FRom
               the
               Bourg
               taking
               the
               way
               over
               
                 Ponte
                 Elio
              
               ,
               you
               up
               against
               the
               streams
               of
               the
               Tyber
               meet
               the
               Church
               
                 San
                 Biasio
              
               ,
               at
               Ripetta
               ,
               which
               is
               supposed
               to
               have
               been
               the
               Temple
               of
               Neptune
               ,
               amplified
               by
               Adrian
               the
               Emperor
               :
               here
               such
               as
               had
               escaped
               any
               remarkable
               shipwrack
               ,
               hung
               up
               Tablets
               containing
               the
               particulars
               of
               their
               deliverance
               and
               their
               vows
               for
               it
               to
               the
               God
               of
               the
               Sea.
               
            
             
               In
               the
               
                 Valle
                 Martia
              
               ,
               by
               the
               Church
               of
               
                 San
                 Rocco
              
               stands
               the
               Mauseolo
               ,
               of
               Augustus
               being
               a
               Sepulchre
               erected
               by
               Octavius
               for
               himself
               and
               she
               successors
               of
               the
               Caesarian
               Family
               ,
               out
               of
               the
               ruins
               and
               with
               the
               Materials
               of
               that
               Amphitheatre
               (
               which
               he
               destroyed
               )
               that
               
                 Julius
                 Cesar
              
               built
               there
               ;
               its
               Circuit
               is
               yet
               entire
               divided
               into
               a
               figure
               four
               square
               lozanged
               .
               In
               this
               Mauseolo
               ,
               stands
               a
               Matrona
               holding
               a
               Cornucopia
               with
               Fruit
               ,
               and
               an
               AEsculapius
               as
               bigg
               as
               a
               Gyant
               with
               a
               Serpent
               .
            
             
               In
               this
               Mauseolo
               ,
               were
               also
               heretofore
               two
               Obelisks
               of
               Granito
               ,
               42
               foot
               high
               .
            
             
               The
               Circ
               of
               
                 Julius
                 Caesar
              
               ,
               extended
               from
               this
               Mauseolo
               to
               the
               foot
               of
               the
               neighbouring
               Mountain
               ,
               Augustus
               had
               a
               Palace
               opposite
               to
               it
               ▪
               with
               a
               stately
               Gallery
               ,
               and
               had
               here
               consecrated
               a
               Grove
               to
               the
               Gods
               of
               Hell
               ,
               reaching
               from
               the
               Church
               
                 Santa
                 Maria
                 del
                 Popolo
              
               to
               S.
               Trinita
               .
            
             
               Some
               say
               that
               Marcellus
               his
               Sepulchre
               was
               contiguous
               with
               this
               Mauseolo
               ,
               and
               shew
               its
               very
               Track
               :
               which
               Boisardo
               ,
               believes
               rather
               to
               belong
               to
               the
               Mauseolo
               ,
               and
               not
               a
               distinct
               Edifice
               .
            
             
               Augustus
               also
               had
               made
               a
               place
               called
               Naumachia
               for
               Naval
               Diversions
               in
               the
               lower
               part
               of
               the
               
                 Valle
                 Martia
              
               ,
               (
               looking
               towards
               the
               
               Hill
               
                 Santa
                 Trinita
              
               which
               Domitian
               restored
               being
               decayed
               through
               antiquity
               ,
               and
               called
               it
               after
               his
               own
               name
               ,
               placing
               near
               it
               a
               Temple
               to
               the
               Family
               Flavia
               :
               where
               now
               Saint
               Silvestro
               stands
               .
            
             
               The
               
                 Valle
                 Martia
                 ▪
              
               was
               so
               denominated
               ,
               because
               t
               was
               the
               lowest
               Gate
               of
               the
               
                 Campo
                 Martio
              
               ,
               and
               extended
               from
               the
               Tyber
               to
               the
               hills
               
                 Santa
                 Trinita
              
               ,
               and
               from
               the
               Piazza
               of
               Domitian
               in
               the
               
                 Via
                 Flaminia
              
               to
               the
               
                 Porta
                 Flaminia
              
               .
            
             
               The
               
                 Via
                 Flaminia
              
               took
               its
               name
               from
               Flaminius
               the
               Consul
               ,
               who
               paved
               it
               after
               the
               conquest
               of
               the
               Genovesi
               now
               t
               is
               called
               the
               Corso
               :
               for
               that
               at
               some
               time
               of
               the
               yeer
               ,
               boys
               and
               certain
               animals
               run
               here
               striving
               who
               shall
               arrive
               first
               at
               the
               end
               of
               the
               course
               .
               This
               way
               goes
               from
               the
               
                 Porta
                 Flaminia
              
               (
               called
               heretofore
               Flumentana
               from
               its
               vicinity
               to
               the
               Tyber
               but
               at
               this
               day
               
                 Porta
                 del
                 popolo
              
               )
               to
               Pesaro
               ,
               and
               to
               Rimini
               .
               Near
               this
               way
               lye
               many
               gardens
               filled
               with
               inscriptions
               chiefly
               those
               of
               Cardinal
               
                 Lovisio
                 ,
                 Justiniano
                 ,
                 Gallo
                 ,
                 Altemps
              
               and
               others
               .
            
             
               By
               this
               Way
               Pope
               Julius
               the
               third
               accomodated
               a
               Vineyard
               with
               such
               ornaments
               ,
               as
               for
               cost
               and
               magnificence
               surpassed
               all
               others
               in
               Rome
               ,
               and
               as
               an
               Inscription
               attests
               ,
               conducted
               to
               the
               publik
               way
               a
               Fountain
               for
               the
               benefit
               of
               all
               persons
               ,
               wherein
               t
               is
               scarce
               to
               be
               judged
               which
               ought
               most
               to
               be
               applauded
               ,
               the
               ingenuity
               of
               the
               Artitificers
               ,
               or
               the
               sumptuousness
               and
               splendour
               of
               the
               Roman
               Chief
               Bishops
               .
            
             
               Beyond
               this
               lies
               
                 Ponte
                 Molli
              
               .
               where
               the
               Tyrant
               Maxentius
               was
               overcome
               by
               Constantine
               the
               Great
               :
               which
               Tyrant
               that
               he
               might
               not
               be
               carried
               alive
               in
               the
               Triumphs
               of
               Constantine
               cast
               himself
               headlong
               off
               the
               Bridge
               into
               the
               Tyber
               .
               Afterwards
               in
               honour
               of
               Constantine
               was
               erected
               the
               Triumphal
               Arch
               between
               the
               Coliseo
               and
               the
               Settizonio
               of
               Severus
               .
            
             
               Returned
               into
               the
               City
               by
               the
               
                 Porta
                 Flaminia
              
               you
               find
               the
               Arch
               of
               Domitian
               ,
               called
               
                 di
                 Portogallo
              
               ,
               because
               in
               that
               quarter
               the
               Embassador
               of
               Portugall
               resi
               ded
               .
               T
               is
               also
               called
               Tripoli
               ,
               a
               rude
               and
               incompact
               structure
               ,
               having
               nothing
               of
               moment
               in
               it
               more
               than
               the
               statue
               of
               Domitian
               ,
               which
               some
               too
               will
               not
               have
               to
               be
               his
               ,
               but
               the
               statue
               and
               Arch
               of
               Claudius
               the
               Emperor
               .
            
             
               The
               Church
               of
               Saint
               Lorenzo
               ,
               in
               Lucina
               ,
               was
               sacred
               to
               
                 Juno
                 Lu
                 cina
              
               ,
               and
               yet
               retains
               its
               old
               name
               ,
               here
               of
               old
               ,
               breeding
               women
               and
               such
               as
               lay
               in
               Childbed
               ,
               after
               the
               birth
               used
               to
               pay
               their
               vows
               ,
               because
               by
               the
               good
               will
               of
               the
               Goddess
               ,
               not
               only
               themselves
               were
               preserved
               in
               that
               great
               peril
               ,
               but
               the
               Life
               of
               their
               tender
               Infants
               .
            
             
               In
               the
               street
               
                 de
                 Condotti
              
               ,
               in
               the
               house
               of
               the
               Bosii
               ,
               some
               notable
               and
               old
               inscriptions
               are
               extant
               .
               In
               the
               Palace
               of
               the
               Spanish
               Embassador
               a
               fair
               and
               Copious
               Fountain
               .
               In
               that
               of
               
                 Dionigio
                 Octaviano
                 Sada
              
               ,
               (
               who
               translated
               the
               old
               Dialogues
               of
               
                 D.
                 Antonio
                 Augustino
              
               ,
               into
               Italian
               ,
               )
               a
               good
               number
               of
               rare
               things
               in
               this
               kind
               .
               In
               that
               of
               the
               Ruzzelai
               ,
               a
               Gallery
               filled
               with
               old
               statues
               of
               rare
               artifice
               ,
               and
               in
               the
               Court
               ,
               a
               very
               large
               brazen
               horse
               .
               And
               in
               that
               of
               the
               Cardinal
               Desa
               ,
               now
               building
               ,
               we
               assure
               our selves
               of
               rare
               Architecture
               and
               great
               Curiosities
               .
            
             
               The
               
                 Campo
                 Martio
              
               heretofore
               without
               the
               City
               ,
               fils
               that
               plain
               between
               the
               Quirinale
               ,
               the
               
                 Ponte
                 di
                 Sisto
              
               ,
               and
               the
               Tevere
               or
               Tyber
               ,
               here
               the
               
               youth
               exercised
               themselves
               in
               Military
               discipline
               ,
               and
               here
               they
               hold
               their
               Council
               for
               creating
               of
               Magistrates
               .
            
             
               Between
               
                 Santa
                 Maria
                 del
                 Popolo
              
               ,
               and
               the
               
                 Porta
                 Flaminia
              
               ,
               is
               seen
               an
               Obelisk
               ,
               filled
               with
               Hieroglyphicks
               ,
               and
               
                 AEgiptian
                 Letters
              
               :
               which
               Pliny
               writes
               ,
               to
               be
               one
               hundred
               and
               ten
               foot
               long
               ,
               and
               to
               contain
               on
               it
               the
               interpretation
               of
               the
               AEgyptian
               Philosophy
               .
               
                 Augustus
                 Caesar
              
               caused
               it
               to
               be
               transferred
               from
               Hieropoli
               to
               Rome
               ,
               with
               two
               others
               ,
               which
               he
               placed
               in
               the
               
                 Circus
                 Maximus
              
               .
               On
               the
               Pedestal
               is
               this
               Inscription
               .
               
                 Caesar.
                 Divi.
                 F.
                 Aug.
                 Pont.
                 Max.
                 Imp.
                 X.
                 J.
                 Cos.
                 XI
                 .
                 Trib.
                 Pot.
                 XIV
                 .
                 AEgypto
                 in
                 Potestatem
                 .
              
               P.
               
                 R.
                 redact
                 â
                 Soli
                 Donum
                 dedit
                 .
              
            
             
               The
               house
               of
               
                 Antonino
                 Paleozo
              
               ,
               affords
               an
               excellent
               statue
               of
               a
               horse
               and
               some
               heads
               ,
               as
               of
               Drusus
               ,
               of
               Julia
               the
               Daughter
               of
               Augustus
               ,
               of
               Goleria
               ,
               of
               
                 Faustina
                 Giovene
              
               ,
               the
               wife
               of
               
                 Marcus
                 Aurelius
              
               ,
               of
               Adrian
               ,
               of
               
                 Brutus
                 ,
                 Domitian
                 ,
                 Galba
                 ,
                 Sabina
                 ,
                 Hercules
                 ,
                 Bacchus
                 ,
                 Sylvanus
                 ,
              
               and
               Mercury
               :
               And
               likewise
               the
               Triumph
               of
               
                 Tiberius
                 Caesar
              
               ,
               cut
               lively
               in
               one
               Marble
               stone
               .
               And
               that
               of
               
                 Giacomo
                 Giacovazzo
              
               ,
               not
               a
               few
               excellent
               statues
               in
               Marble
               and
               Brass
               ,
               and
               other
               Curiosities
               .
            
             
               
                 Antoninus
                 Pius
              
               ,
               in
               that
               part
               of
               the
               
                 Campo
                 Martio
              
               ,
               called
               
                 Piazza
                 di
                 Sciarra
              
               ,
               erected
               a
               hollow
               Columne
               with
               winding
               stairs
               ,
               and
               56.
               
               Casements
               to
               give
               Light
               within
               to
               them
               :
               being
               175
               foot
               high
               ,
               some
               say
               it
               is
               raised
               with
               28
               stones
               only
               ,
               but
               in
               this
               t
               is
               not
               so
               clearly
               discernable
               as
               in
               that
               of
               Trajano
               ,
               for
               that
               the
               stayers
               being
               broke
               t
               is
               not
               ascendable
               .
               On
               the
               superficies
               of
               it
               are
               wrought
               the
               Acts
               of
               Antoninus
               with
               excellent
               sculpture
               of
               figures
               ,
               from
               this
               ,
               that
               place
               is
               denominated
               
                 Piazza
                 Colonna
              
               .
            
             
               Those
               eleaven
               high
               Pillars
               ,
               which
               are
               seen
               erected
               at
               the
               Church
               of
               Saint
               Stephano
               ,
               in
               Truglio
               ,
               are
               the
               reliques
               of
               that
               open
               Gallery
               which
               
                 Antoninus
                 Pius
              
               built
               conjoyned
               ,
               to
               his
               Palace
               in
               his
               Court
               :
               as
               far
               distant
               from
               this
               Church
               as
               the
               Rotonda
               .
            
             
               Between
               the
               Collumne
               of
               Antoninus
               and
               the
               Fountain
               of
               
                 Acque
                 Virgine
              
               ,
               were
               the
               Septa
               of
               the
               
                 Campo
                 Martio
              
               ,
               so
               called
               for
               that
               they
               were
               enclosed
               with
               several
               thick
               Plancks
               ,
               in
               which
               the
               Roman
               People
               assembled
               when
               they
               gave
               their
               suffrages
               for
               Election
               of
               the
               Magistrates
               .
               They
               were
               also
               called
               Ovili
               for
               their
               similitude
               to
               a
               Sheepfold
               here
               the
               Roman
               Tribes
               assembled
               in
               Council
               .
            
             
               That
               Hill
               ,
               between
               
                 San
                 Lorenzo
              
               in
               Colonna
               ,
               and
               the
               abovenamed
               Column
               ,
               called
               
                 Monte
                 Acitorio
              
               :
               took
               its
               name
               from
               the
               Latine
               words
               
                 Mons
                 Citatorum
              
               ,
               where
               every
               Tribe
               Se'paratim
               ,
               rendred
               themselvs
               after
               they
               had
               given
               their
               suffrages
               in
               the
               Septa
               .
               On
               the
               same
               Hill
               stood
               a
               publique
               Palace
               ,
               for
               receipt
               of
               Embassadors
               from
               Enemies
               who
               were
               not
               licen
               ced
               to
               enter
               the
               City
               nor
               dwell
               in
               Graecostasi
               ,
               which
               lay
               between
               the
               Counsel
               and
               the
               Rostri
               ,
               in
               the
               
                 Piazza
                 Romana
              
               ,
               Cardinal
               
                 Santa
                 Severina
              
               so
               much
               spoken
               of
               by
               the
               Hereticks
               ,
               a
               man
               of
               great
               prudence
               ,
               and
               an
               example
               for
               posterity
               ,
               erected
               his
               Palace
               on
               this
               Hill.
               
            
             
               Not
               far
               from
               hence
               is
               the
               Fountain
               of
               
                 Aque
                 Virgine
              
               ,
               conveighed
               by
               a
               loud
               depressed
               Aqueduct
               over
               the
               
                 Porta
                 Collina
              
               ,
               the
               Hill
               
                 Santa
                 Trinita
              
               ,
               and
               through
               the
               
                 Campo
                 Martio
              
               now
               called
               
                 Fontana
                 di
                 Trevi
              
               ,
               we
               read
               in
               the
               inscription
               that
               Nieolo
               the
               5th
               .
               restored
               it
               .
               And
               this
               alone
               of
               all
               the
               waters
               (
               which
               with
               so
               great
               costs
               ,
               and
               such
               sumptuous
               
               Aqueducts
               ,
               the
               antient
               Princes
               brought
               into
               Rome
               )
               remains
               standing
               for
               the
               publique
               Benefit
               .
            
             
               From
               the
               Serraglio
               ,
               or
               Septa
               of
               the
               Roman
               people
               began
               the
               
                 Strada
                 coperta
              
               ,
               wherein
               stood
               heretofore
               a
               Temple
               of
               Neptune
               and
               the
               Amphitheatre
               of
               Claudius
               now
               wholly
               destroyed
               .
            
             
               At
               the
               
                 Acque
                 Virgine
              
               was
               a
               Temple
               dedicated
               to
               Giuturna
               Sister
               of
               
                 Tur
                 no
              
               King
               of
               the
               Rutoli
               ,
               accounted
               one
               of
               the
               Napee
               or
               Nimphes
               keep-in
               gamong
               flowers
               ,
               and
               the
               Countrey
               goddess
               ,
               who
               as
               the
               Heathens
               believed
               assisted
               to
               the
               fertility
               of
               the
               Earth
               .
            
             
               In
               the
               house
               of
               
                 Angelio
                 Colorio
                 da
                 Giesi
              
               ,
               now
               appertaining
               to
               the
               Rufali
               ,
               are
               seen
               many
               statues
               ,
               and
               inscriptions
               ,
               and
               one
               Arch
               of
               the
               stone
               Tivoli
               ,
               joyning
               to
               the
               
                 Acque
                 Virgine
              
               ,
               having
               this
               Inscription
               .
               
                 T.
                 Claudius
                 Drus.
                 F.
                 Caesar
                 Augustus
                 .
              
               In
               the
               Fountain
               under
               the
               statue
               of
               a
               Nymph
               now
               removed
               are
               found
               these
               verses
               .
               
                 
                   Hujus
                   Nympha
                   loci
                   sacri
                   custodia
                   Fonti
                
                 
                   Dormio
                   ▪
                   dum
                   blandae
                   sentio
                   murmur
                   aquae
                
                 
                   Parce
                   meum
                   quisquis
                   tangis
                   cava
                   marmora
                   somnum
                
                 
                   Rumpere
                   ,
                   sive
                   bibes
                   ,
                   sive
                   lavare
                   jaces
                   .
                
              
            
             
               
                 Pompeio
                 Naro
              
               possesseth
               two
               statues
               which
               were
               found
               in
               his
               Vineyard
               ,
               the
               one
               of
               Hercules
               the
               other
               of
               Venus
               .
            
             
               
                 
                   IL
                   COLLE
                   de
                   gli
                   HORTICELLI
                
                 ,
                 now
                 
                   di
                   SANTA
                   TRINITA
                
                 .
              
               
                 THis
                 Hill
                 extends
                 from
                 
                   San
                   Silvestro
                
                 to
                 the
                 
                   Porta
                   Pinciana
                
                 or
                 Collina
                 along
                 by
                 the
                 Walls
                 of
                 the
                 City
                 ,
                 but
                 some
                 draw
                 it
                 out
                 to
                 the
                 
                   Porta
                   Flaminia
                
                 .
                 The
                 Gate
                 and
                 Hill
                 took
                 their
                 name
                 from
                 Pincius
                 the
                 Senator
                 ,
                 whose
                 magnificent
                 Palace
                 stood
                 here
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 footsteps
                 of
                 it
                 are
                 yet
                 visible
                 ;
                 at
                 the
                 walls
                 of
                 the
                 City
                 upon
                 this
                 Hill
                 was
                 the
                 Sepulchre
                 of
                 the
                 Domitian
                 Family
                 :
                 here
                 likewise
                 Nero
                 was
                 buried
                 .
                 On
                 the
                 top
                 of
                 this
                 hill
                 remains
                 an
                 Arch
                 or
                 roof
                 which
                 formerly
                 was
                 part
                 of
                 the
                 Temple
                 of
                 the
                 Sun
                 ,
                 near
                 whereto
                 lies
                 an
                 obelisk
                 of
                 Thasian
                 stone
                 with
                 this
                 inscription
                 .
                 
                   Soli
                   Sacrum
                
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Church
                 
                   Santa
                   Trinita
                
                 ,
                 now
                 occupied
                 by
                 the
                 Minime
                 Fryars
                 ,
                 was
                 built
                 by
                 Lewis
                 the
                 XIth
                 .
                 King
                 of
                 France
                 ,
                 wherein
                 are
                 some
                 Tombes
                 of
                 Cardinals
                 ,
                 as
                 of
                 
                   Antonio
                   Moreto
                
                 ,
                 and
                 Cardinal
                 
                   di
                   Capri.
                
                 
              
               
                 At
                 the
                 
                   Porta
                   Collina
                
                 near
                 
                   Santa
                   Susanna
                   ,
                   Salustius
                
                 (
                 as
                 aforesaid
                 )
                 had
                 most
                 pleasant
                 gardens
                 ,
                 and
                 a
                 splendid
                 dwelling
                 ,
                 whose
                 ruines
                 yet
                 appear
                 in
                 the
                 Vale
                 leading
                 to
                 Salara
                 :
                 Here
                 stood
                 an
                 Obelisk
                 (
                 now
                 translated
                 elsewhere
                 )
                 sacred
                 to
                 the
                 Moon
                 ,
                 engraven
                 with
                 AEgyptian
                 Hyeroglyphicks
                 .
                 The
                 place
                 is
                 yet
                 vulgarly
                 called
                 Salostrico
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 
                   Campo
                   Scelerato
                
                 ,
                 or
                 the
                 
                   Via
                   Scelerata
                
                 (
                 where
                 the
                 deflowred
                 Vestal
                 Virgines
                 were
                 buried
                 alive
                 )
                 compleated
                 all
                 that
                 space
                 ,
                 from
                 
                 the
                 
                   Porta
                   Collina
                
                 under
                 the
                 house
                 and
                 gardens
                 of
                 Salustius
                 to
                 the
                 
                   Porta
                   Salaria
                
                 .
              
               
                 Without
                 the
                 
                   Porta
                   Salaria
                
                 ,
                 called
                 also
                 
                   Quirinale
                   Collina
                
                 and
                 Agonale
                 lye
                 the
                 ruines
                 of
                 the
                 Temple
                 of
                 
                   Venus
                   Erycina
                
                 ,
                 whose
                 Feast
                 was
                 celebrated
                 with
                 solemn
                 ceremonies
                 by
                 chast
                 Matrons
                 ,
                 in
                 the
                 month
                 of
                 August
                 ,
                 to
                 the
                 Image
                 of
                 
                   Venus
                   Ver
                   ecordia
                
                 ,
                 which
                 Goddess
                 was
                 supposed
                 to
                 render
                 the
                 Husbands
                 placable
                 and
                 benevolent
                 to
                 their
                 wives
                 :
                 in
                 this
                 Temple
                 they
                 likewise
                 celebrated
                 the
                 Agonalian
                 games
                 ,
                 whence
                 t
                 was
                 named
                 Agonale
                 .
              
               
                 Three
                 miles
                 without
                 the
                 City
                 over
                 the
                 Aniene
                 ,
                 stands
                 an
                 entire
                 Bridge
                 ,
                 which
                 a
                 long
                 inscription
                 shews
                 to
                 have
                 been
                 built
                 by
                 Narsetes
                 ,
                 t
                 is
                 said
                 that
                 Hannibal
                 being
                 on
                 this
                 Bridge
                 vexed
                 with
                 a
                 vehement
                 rain
                 ,
                 raised
                 the
                 siege
                 of
                 Rome
                 ,
                 removed
                 his
                 Camp
                 and
                 departed
                 .
              
               
                 A
                 little
                 below
                 which
                 ,
                 the
                 Tyber
                 commixeth
                 with
                 the
                 River
                 Aniene
                 ,
                 and
                 here
                 Torquatus
                 overcame
                 that
                 
                   French
                   Gyant
                
                 ;
                 from
                 whose
                 neck
                 he
                 took
                 that
                 golden
                 neck
                 chain
                 ,
                 which
                 (
                 because
                 in
                 Latine
                 called
                 Torques
                 )
                 gave
                 him
                 the
                 surname
                 of
                 Torquatus
                 .
                 T
                 is
                 worth
                 observation
                 ,
                 That
                 the
                 Water
                 drawn
                 out
                 of
                 the
                 Tyber
                 ,
                 above
                 the
                 City
                 towards
                 the
                 Sea
                 ,
                 maintains
                 it self
                 wholesome
                 ,
                 and
                 clean
                 for
                 many
                 yeers
                 ,
                 which
                 comes
                 to
                 pass
                 from
                 the
                 mixture
                 of
                 the
                 River
                 Aniene
                 with
                 the
                 Tyber
                 ,
                 The
                 water
                 of
                 the
                 Aniene
                 being
                 thick
                 and
                 polluted
                 with
                 Nitre
                 ,
                 which
                 preserves
                 it
                 and
                 occasions
                 that
                 it
                 cannot
                 putrify
                 without
                 difficulty
                 :
                 and
                 the
                 inhabitants
                 along
                 the
                 Tybers
                 banks
                 above
                 where
                 the
                 Aniene
                 commixeth
                 with
                 the
                 Tyber
                 ,
                 mingle
                 the
                 waters
                 of
                 the
                 one
                 with
                 the
                 other
                 ,
                 that
                 they
                 may
                 last
                 sweet
                 a
                 long
                 time
                 :
                 although
                 they
                 have
                 been
                 necessitated
                 to
                 take
                 them
                 up
                 singly
                 and
                 separately
                 .
                 In
                 the
                 gravel
                 of
                 the
                 Aniene
                 ,
                 they
                 find
                 several
                 little
                 stones
                 in
                 divers
                 forms
                 after
                 the
                 similitude
                 of
                 Comfits
                 ,
                 some
                 round
                 some
                 long
                 ,
                 some
                 little
                 and
                 some
                 great
                 ,
                 so
                 that
                 one
                 would
                 believe
                 they
                 found
                 Almonds
                 ,
                 Fennel
                 ,
                 Anniseed
                 ,
                 Coriander
                 ,
                 and
                 Cinamon
                 Comfits
                 .
                 Of
                 which
                 small
                 stones
                 they
                 usually
                 gather
                 a
                 good
                 heap
                 on
                 the
                 bankside
                 ,
                 to
                 cousen
                 the
                 spectators
                 with
                 ,
                 and
                 they
                 are
                 therefore
                 called
                 
                   Confetti
                   di
                   Tivoli
                
                 .
              
               
                 
                   Titus
                   Celius
                
                 the
                 Patrician
                 recounts
                 ,
                 that
                 in
                 former
                 times
                 a
                 body
                 of
                 a
                 man
                 who
                 was
                 slain
                 and
                 cast
                 into
                 the
                 Aniene
                 ,
                 was
                 found
                 stuck
                 fast
                 to
                 the
                 root
                 of
                 a
                 Tree
                 under
                 water
                 ,
                 which
                 it
                 happened
                 ,
                 in
                 process
                 of
                 time
                 ,
                 (
                 being
                 without
                 putrefaction
                 )
                 was
                 converted
                 into
                 stone
                 ,
                 without
                 loosing
                 its
                 shape
                 :
                 which
                 stony
                 body
                 so
                 found
                 he
                 saies
                 he
                 saw
                 with
                 his
                 proper
                 eyes
                 .
              
               
                 At
                 the
                 
                   Porta
                   Salaria
                
                 are
                 shewed
                 the
                 Reliques
                 of
                 an
                 antique
                 Temple
                 ,
                 consecrated
                 to
                 Honour
                 ,
                 and
                 of
                 the
                 house
                 Suburbano
                 of
                 Nero
                 ,
                 wherein
                 by
                 the
                 assistance
                 of
                 Sporo
                 the
                 Libertine
                 ,
                 the
                 Emperor
                 Nero
                 thrust
                 a
                 dagger
                 under
                 his
                 nipple
                 ,
                 and
                 therewith
                 slew
                 himself
                 ,
                 that
                 he
                 might
                 not
                 fall
                 into
                 the
                 hands
                 of
                 the
                 Senate
                 ,
                 then
                 requiring
                 him
                 to
                 punishment
                 .
              
               
                 Within
                 the
                 City
                 near
                 the
                 Vale
                 between
                 the
                 hills
                 
                   Santa
                   Trinita
                
                 ,
                 and
                 Quirinale
                 stands
                 the
                 Church
                 
                   San
                   Nicolo
                   de
                   Archemontis
                
                 ,
                 so
                 named
                 for
                 that
                 the
                 Foro
                 or
                 Piazza
                 ,
                 of
                 Archemorio
                 was
                 in
                 that
                 place
                 .
              
               
                 Under
                 the
                 Vineyard
                 of
                 the
                 late
                 Cardinal
                 Dapi
                 are
                 certain
                 Chambers
                 and
                 obscure
                 vaults
                 continued
                 in
                 a
                 long
                 Order
                 :
                 which
                 some
                 will
                 have
                 to
                 have
                 been
                 a
                 Tavern
                 ,
                 others
                 had
                 rather
                 assign
                 them
                 to
                 the
                 use
                 of
                 the
                 strumpets
                 for
                 their
                 occupation
                 in
                 the
                 time
                 of
                 the
                 Floralian
                 
                 games
                 :
                 which
                 were
                 celebrated
                 in
                 the
                 
                   Circo
                   Florae
                
                 .
              
               
                 At
                 the
                 Church
                 
                   de'dodeci
                   Apostoli
                
                 ,
                 you
                 find
                 a
                 Lyon
                 in
                 Marble
                 ,
                 an
                 incomparable
                 piece
                 ,
                 and
                 in
                 the
                 house
                 of
                 Colonna
                 ,
                 a
                 Marble
                 statue
                 of
                 Melisse
                 a
                 Lady
                 ,
                 as
                 the
                 inscription
                 declares
                 .
              
               
                 Many
                 other
                 Palaces
                 and
                 houses
                 of
                 the
                 Cardinals
                 ,
                 Nobles
                 ,
                 and
                 wealthy
                 Citizens
                 of
                 Rome
                 ,
                 are
                 plentifully
                 fraught
                 with
                 other
                 Antiquities
                 and
                 excellent
                 Collections
                 of
                 Gold
                 ,
                 Silver
                 ,
                 and
                 Brass
                 coynes
                 embossed
                 works
                 in
                 divers
                 Metals
                 of
                 ingenious
                 Artists
                 .
                 
                   Onyexes
                   ,
                   Corneols
                
                 ,
                 or
                 Sardonian
                 Gemmes
                 ,
                 
                   Cornelians
                   ,
                   Amethists
                   ,
                   Topazes
                   ,
                   Berryls
                   ,
                   Carbuncles
                   ,
                   Jacinths
                   ,
                   Saphirs
                   ,
                
                 and
                 Christals
                 ingraven
                 and
                 cut
                 with
                 the
                 heads
                 of
                 Gods
                 ,
                 Emperors
                 ,
                 illustrious
                 and
                 noble
                 Men
                 ,
                 divers
                 Creatures
                 ,
                 Hearbs
                 ,
                 and
                 Trees
                 ,
                 containing
                 also
                 divers
                 emblemes
                 ,
                 which
                 were
                 heretofore
                 commonly
                 exposed
                 to
                 the
                 view
                 of
                 strangers
                 by
                 their
                 Patrones
                 :
                 but
                 of
                 later
                 yeers
                 the
                 malignity
                 of
                 this
                 depraved
                 Age
                 hath
                 so
                 ill
                 gratified
                 those
                 persons
                 for
                 their
                 Kindness
                 ,
                 by
                 many
                 injuries
                 received
                 from
                 such
                 their
                 free
                 admission
                 ,
                 that
                 now
                 unless
                 recommended
                 by
                 some
                 friend
                 to
                 some
                 particular
                 person
                 in
                 Rome
                 ,
                 or
                 contracting
                 a
                 Friendship
                 through
                 long
                 familiarity
                 :
                 t
                 is
                 not
                 easie
                 for
                 a
                 stranger
                 to
                 obtain
                 an
                 inspection
                 of
                 those
                 pretious
                 Curiosities
                 .
              
            
          
           
             
               Of
               the
               Coemiteries
               and
               of
               the
               Burying
               places
               of
               ROME
               ,
               collected
               out
               of
               
                 HONOFRIO
                 PANUINO
              
               .
            
             
               THE
               
                 Cemeterio
                 Ostriano
              
               ,
               three
               miles
               without
               the
               City
               in
               the
               
                 Via
                 Salaria
              
               ,
               is
               thought
               to
               be
               the
               most
               antient
               of
               Rome
               ,
               for
               that
               Saint
               Peter
               the
               Apostle
               in
               that
               place
               administred
               the
               Sacrament
               of
               Baptism
               .
            
             
               The
               Protonotario
               of
               the
               Roman
               Church
               in
               his
               third
               Chapter
               of
               the
               Acts
               of
               Pope
               Liberio
               ,
               speaks
               of
               it
               in
               this
               manner
               .
               A
               little
               distant
               from
               the
               
                 Cemetrio
                 di
                 Novella
              
               ,
               three
               miles
               without
               the
               City
               lay
               in
               the
               
                 Via
                 Salaria
              
               ,
               the
               
                 Cemiterio
                 Ostriano
              
               ,
               where
               the
               Apostle
               Saint
               Peter
               Baptized
               .
            
             
               The
               
                 Cemiterio
                 Vaticano
              
               was
               placed
               on
               the
               
                 Via
                 Trionfale
              
               near
               the
               Temple
               of
               Apollo
               ,
               and
               the
               Circ
               of
               Nero
               ,
               in
               the
               Gardens
               of
               Nero
               where
               now
               the
               Church
               of
               Saint
               Peter
               stands
               :
               which
               besides
               the
               Tombs
               of
               Christians
               had
               in
               it
               also
               a
               Font
               for
               holy
               Baptisme
               ,
               which
               for
               the
               most
               part
               was
               not
               in
               others
               .
            
             
               Seaven
               miles
               distant
               from
               Rome
               was
               the
               Cemiterio
               called
               
                 ad
                 Nimphas
              
               ,
               in
               Severus
               his
               possession
               on
               the
               
                 Via
                 Nomentana
              
               ,
               where
               the
               holy
               Martyres
               bodies
               were
               enterred
               .
               As
               Pope
               
                 Alexanders
                 ,
                 &c.
              
               
            
             
               Two
               miles
               without
               the
               City
               was
               the
               
                 Cemeterio
                 vecchio
              
               ,
               amplified
               by
               the
               
                 B.
                 Calistus
              
               the
               Pope
               ,
               from
               whom
               also
               it
               took
               a
               name
               .
               Herein
               were
               certain
               subterranean
               places
               called
               Catacombe
               ,
               and
               in
               them
               a
               deep
               Pit
               ,
               wherein
               the
               bodies
               of
               the
               Apostles
               Peter
               and
               Paul
               were
               layed
               .
            
             
             
               Near
               to
               the
               
                 Cemiterio
                 ,
                 di
                 San
                 Calisto
              
               ,
               was
               that
               of
               
                 San
                 Sotero
              
               ,
               and
               in
               the
               same
               quarter
               lay
               that
               of
               
                 San
                 Zeferino
              
               the
               Pope
               contiguous
               with
               the
               
                 Cat
                 ecombe
              
               and
               that
               of
               
                 San
                 Calisto
              
               .
            
             
               The
               Cemeterio
               of
               
                 Calepo
                 dio
                 Prete
              
               ,
               was
               two
               miles
               forth
               the
               
                 Porta
                 Gianicolese
              
               in
               the
               
                 Via
                 Aurelia
              
               ,
               near
               
                 San
                 Pancratio
              
               .
            
             
               That
               of
               
                 Pretestato
                 Prete
              
               in
               the
               
                 Via
                 Appia
              
               ,
               where
               Pope
               Urban
               was
               buried
               .
            
             
               That
               of
               
                 Santo
                 Partiano
                 Papa
              
               near
               to
               
                 Santi
                 Abdon
              
               and
               Sennen
               .
            
             
               That
               of
               Ciriaco
               in
               the
               possession
               of
               Veriani
               near
               the
               Church
               
                 San
                 Lorenzo
              
               without
               the
               Wall.
               
            
             
               That
               of
               Lucina
               in
               the
               
                 Via
                 Aurelia
              
               ,
               forth
               the
               Gate
               
                 San
                 Pancratio
              
               .
            
             
               That
               of
               Aproniano
               in
               the
               
                 Via
                 Latina
              
               not
               far
               from
               the
               City
               ,
               where
               
                 Santa
                 Eugenia
              
               was
               buried
               .
            
             
               That
               of
               
                 San
                 Felice
              
               the
               Pope
               ,
               a
               mile
               without
               Rome
               on
               the
               
                 Via
                 Aurelia
              
               ,
               adjoined
               to
               that
               of
               Calepodio
               .
            
             
               That
               of
               Priscilla
               ,
               called
               also
               Marcello
               ,
               from
               the
               Pope
               Marcellus
               in
               the
               
                 Via
                 Vecchia
              
               ,
               three
               miles
               forth
               the
               City
               ,
               was
               dedicated
               by
               the
               said
               Pope
               Marcellus
               .
            
             
               That
               of
               
                 San
                 Timoteo
              
               in
               the
               
                 Via
                 Ostiense
              
               is
               comprehended
               now
               in
               the
               Church
               of
               
                 San
                 Paulo
              
               .
            
             
               That
               of
               Novella
               three
               miles
               off
               Rome
               in
               the
               
                 Via
                 Salaria
              
               .
            
             
               That
               of
               Balbina
               between
               the
               
                 Via
                 Appia
              
               ,
               and
               Ardeatina
               ,
               near
               the
               Church
               of
               
                 San
                 Marco
              
               the
               Pope
               ,
               was
               named
               also
               
                 San
                 Marco
              
               from
               the
               said
               Popes
               name
               .
            
             
               That
               of
               
                 San
                 Giulio
              
               the
               Pope
               in
               the
               
                 Via
                 Flaminia
              
               near
               the
               Church
               
                 San
                 Valentino
              
               without
               the
               Cities
               Walls
               .
               This
               also
               may
               be
               seen
               in
               the
               Vineyard
               of
               the
               Heremitanes
               of
               St.
               Augustino
               .
            
             
               That
               of
               
                 San
                 Giulio
              
               the
               Pope
               in
               the
               
                 Via
                 Aurelia
                 ▪
              
            
             
               That
               of
               
                 San
                 Giulio
              
               the
               Pope
               in
               the
               
                 Via
                 Portuense
              
               .
            
             
               That
               of
               
                 San
                 Damaso
              
               ,
               between
               the
               
                 Via
                 Ardeatina
              
               ,
               and
               the
               Appia
               .
            
             
               That
               of
               
                 Sant
                 Anastatio
              
               the
               Pope
               within
               the
               City
               in
               the
               Esquiline
               praecincts
               in
               the
               Bourg
               Orso
               ,
               near
               
                 Santa
                 Bibiana
              
               .
               The
               Orso
               was
               near
               the
               
                 Porta
                 Taurina
              
               ,
               in
               the
               
                 Via
                 Tiburtina
              
               by
               the
               Palace
               of
               Licinus
               .
            
             
               That
               of
               S.
               Hermete
               ,
               or
               Domitilla
               ,
               appointed
               by
               Pope
               Pelagius
               in
               the
               
                 Via
                 Ardeatina
              
               .
            
             
               That
               of
               
                 San
                 Nicomede
              
               ,
               in
               the
               
                 Via
                 Ardeatina
              
               seaven
               miles
               off
               Rome
               .
            
             
               That
               of
               
                 San
                 Agnese
              
               in
               the
               
                 Via
                 Nomentana
              
               .
            
             
               That
               of
               
                 S
                 Felicita
              
               in
               the
               
                 Via
                 Salaria
              
               .
            
             
               That
               of
               the
               Giordani
               ,
               where
               Alessandro
               was
               buried
               .
            
             
               That
               of
               
                 Santi
                 Nereo
              
               and
               Archielo
               in
               the
               
                 Via
                 Ardeatina
              
               ,
               two
               miles
               forth
               the
               City
               .
            
             
               That
               of
               S.
               Felice
               and
               Adauto
               in
               the
               
                 Via
                 Ostiense
              
               two
               miles
               without
               Rome
               .
            
             
               That
               of
               
                 Santi
                 Tibuctio
              
               and
               Valeriano
               in
               the
               Labicana
               ,
               three
               miles
               without
               Rome
               .
            
             
               That
               of
               
                 Santi
                 Pietro
              
               and
               Marcellino
               in
               the
               
                 Via
                 Labicana
              
               ,
               near
               the
               Church
               
                 Santa
                 Helena
              
               .
            
             
               That
               of
               
                 Santi
                 Marco
              
               and
               Marcelliano
               in
               the
               
                 Via
                 Ardeatina
              
               .
            
             
             
               That
               of
               S.
               Gianuario
               restored
               by
               Pope
               Gregory
               the
               3d.
               
            
             
               That
               of
               
                 Santa
                 Petronilla
              
               ,
               adorned
               by
               Pope
               Gregorio
               .
            
             
               That
               of
               
                 Santa
                 Agata
                 à
                 Girolo
              
               in
               the
               
                 Via
                 Aurelia
              
               .
            
             
               That
               of
               Orso
               at
               Portenza
               .
            
             
               The
               
                 Cemeterio
                 Cardino
              
               in
               the
               
                 Via
                 Latina
              
               .
            
             
               That
               
                 tra'due
                 Lauri
                 at
              
               S.
               Helena
               .
            
             
               That
               of
               S.
               Ciriaco
               in
               the
               
                 Via
                 Ostiense
              
               .
            
             
               But
               we
               must
               observe
               ,
               that
               Astolfo
               King
               of
               the
               Longobardi
               tearing
               up
               out
               of
               the
               earth
               about
               Rome
               the
               bodies
               of
               many
               Saints
               ,
               destroyed
               also
               their
               Cemeterii
               or
               burying
               places
               .
               and
               that
               the
               Popes
               Paolo
               and
               Paschale
               ,
               reposed
               within
               the
               City
               ,
               in
               the
               Churches
               of
               
                 S
                 Stefano
                 ,
                 S.
                 Silvestro
              
               ,
               and
               
                 S
                 ,
                 Prascede
              
               ,
               many
               bodies
               of
               Saints
               then
               lying
               in
               those
               Cemeterii
               which
               were
               ruinated
               and
               layed
               wast
               .
               And
               that
               the
               Christians
               were
               buried
               in
               the
               Cemeterii
               within
               Tombes
               and
               Sepulchres
               of
               Marble
               ,
               or
               of
               brick
               ,
               and
               of
               those
               Sepulchres
               some
               were
               hereditary
               ,
               others
               bestowed
               in
               gift
               ,
               and
               that
               at
               last
               places
               were
               assigned
               particularly
               for
               the
               Sepulture
               of
               Christians
               to
               wit
               Church-yards
               ,
               &c.
               
            
          
           
             
               The
               Roman
               fixed
               stations
               ,
               granted
               by
               several
               Popes
               to
               divers
               Churches
               of
               Saints
               ,
               with
               great
               priviledges
               and
               Indulgencies
               .
            
             
               THe
               first
               Sunday
               of
               the
               
                 Advent
                 is
              
               celebrated
               at
               
                 Santa
                 Maria
                 Maggiore
              
               .
            
             
               The
               second
               at
               
                 S.
                 Croce
                 di
                 Jerusalem
              
               .
            
             
               The
               third
               at
               
                 S.
                 Pietro
              
               .
            
             
               The
               Wednesday
               of
               that
               season
               at
               
                 St.
                 Maria
                 Maggiore
              
               .
            
             
               The
               Fryday
               at
               the
               
                 Dodeci
                 Apostoli
              
               .
            
             
               The
               Saturday
               at
               
                 S.
                 Pietro
              
               .
            
             
               The
               Vigils
               of
               the
               Nativity
               at
               
                 S.
                 Maria
                 Maggiore
              
               .
            
             
               In
               the
               first
               Mass
               of
               the
               Nativity
               at
               
                 Santa
                 Maria
                 Maggiore
                 al
                 Presepio
              
               .
            
             
               In
               the
               second
               Mass
               at
               
                 S.
                 Anastasia
              
               .
            
             
               In
               the
               the
               third
               at
               
                 S.
                 Maria
                 Maggiore
              
               .
            
             
               On
               St.
               
                 Stephens
                 day
              
               at
               
                 S.
                 Stefano
                 nel
                 Monte
                 Celio
              
               .
            
             
               On
               St.
               John
               the
               Apostles
               day
               at
               
                 S.
                 Maria
                 Maggiore
              
               .
            
             
               The
               Feast
               of
               the
               Innocents
               at
               
                 S.
                 Paolo
              
               .
            
             
               The
               day
               of
               the
               Circumcision
               of
               our
               Lord
               at
               
                 Santa
                 Maria
              
               beyond
               the
               Tyber
               .
            
             
               The
               day
               of
               the
               Epiphany
               or
               Twelfe
               day
               after
               Christmass
               at
               S.
               Pietro
               .
            
             
               The
               
                 Septuagessima
                 Sunday
              
               at
               S.
               Lorenzo
               without
               the
               Walls
               .
            
             
               The
               
                 Sexagessima
                 Sunday
              
               at
               S.
               Paolo
               .
            
             
               The
               Quinquagessima
               at
               
                 Santo
                 Pietro
              
               .
            
             
               The
               first
               day
               of
               the
               Quadragessima
               or
               Lent
               at
               
                 Santa
                 Sabina
              
               .
            
             
               The
               second
               at
               S.
               Gregorio
               .
            
             
               The
               third
               at
               
                 San
                 Giovanni
              
               and
               Paolo
               .
            
             
               The
               Saturday
               at
               S.
               Trisone
               .
            
             
             
               The
               first
               Sunday
               of
               Lent
               at
               
                 S.
                 Giovanni
                 Laterano
              
               .
            
             
               The
               Munday
               at
               
                 San
                 Pietro
              
               in
               Vincola
               .
            
             
               The
               Tuesday
               at
               
                 Santa
                 Anastasia
              
               .
            
             
               The
               Wednesday
               at
               
                 Santa
                 Maria
                 Maggiore
              
               .
            
             
               The
               Thursday
               of
               Lent
               at
               S.
               Lorenzo
               in
               Panisperna
               .
            
             
               The
               Fryday
               at
               the
               
                 Santi
                 Dodeci
                 Apostoli
              
               .
            
             
               The
               Satturdey
               at
               
                 Santo
                 Pietro
              
               .
            
             
               The
               second
               Sunday
               of
               Lent
               at
               S.
               Maria
               in
               Domenica
               .
            
             
               The
               Munday
               at
               
                 San
                 Clemente
              
               .
            
             
               The
               Tuesday
               at
               
                 Santa
                 Sabina
              
            
             
               The
               Wednesday
               at
               
                 Santa
                 Cecilia
              
               .
            
             
               The
               Thursday
               at
               
                 Santa
                 Maria
              
               in
               Transtevere
               .
            
             
               The
               Friday
               at
               
                 San
                 Vitale
              
               .
            
             
               The
               Satturday
               at
               the
               Santi
               Marcellino
               and
               Pietro
               .
            
             
               The
               third
               Sunday
               of
               Lent
               at
               S.
               Lorenzo
               without
               the
               Walls
               .
            
             
               The
               Munday
               at
               
                 San
                 Marco
              
               .
            
             
               The
               Tuesday
               at
               
                 Santa
                 Potentiana
              
               .
            
             
               The
               Wednesday
               at
               
                 San
                 Sisto
              
               .
            
             
               The
               Thursday
               at
               the
               
                 Santi
                 Cosmo
              
               and
               Damiano
               .
            
             
               The
               Fridry
               at
               
                 S
                 ,
                 Lorenzo
              
               in
               Lucina
               .
            
             
               The
               Saturday
               at
               
                 Santi
                 Susanna
              
               .
            
             
               The
               Fourth
               Sunday
               of
               Lent
               at
               
                 Santa
                 Croce
              
               in
               Jerusalem
               .
            
             
               The
               Munday
               at
               the
               
                 Santi
                 quatro
                 Coronati
              
               .
            
             
               The
               Tuesday
               at
               San
               Lorenzo
               in
               Damaso
               .
            
             
               The
               Wednesday
               at
               San
               Paolo
               .
            
             
               The
               Thursday
               at
               the
               
                 Santi
                 Silvestro
              
               and
               Martino
               .
            
             
               The
               Friday
               at
               
                 Santo
                 Eusebio
              
               .
            
             
               The
               Satturday
               at
               
                 San
                 Nicolo
              
               in
               Carcere
               .
            
             
               The
               fifth
               Sunday
               in
               Lent
               called
               the
               Passion
               Sunday
               at
               
                 San
                 Pietro
              
               .
            
             
               The
               Munday
               at
               
                 San
                 Grisogono
              
               .
            
             
               The
               Tuesday
               at
               
                 San
                 Quirico
              
               .
            
             
               The
               Wednesday
               at
               
                 Santo
                 Marcello
              
               ,
            
             
               The
               Thursday
               at
               
                 Santo
                 Apollinare
              
               .
            
             
               The
               Friday
               at
               S.
               Stephano
               in
               
                 Monte
                 Celio
              
               .
            
             
               The
               Satturday
               at
               
                 San
                 Giovanni
              
               before
               the
               
                 Porta
                 Latina
              
               .
            
             
               The
               Palme
               Sunday
               at
               
                 San
                 Giovanni
                 Laterano
              
               .
            
             
               The
               Munday
               at
               
                 San
                 Prascede
              
               .
            
             
               The
               Tuesday
               at
               
                 Santa
                 Prisca
              
               .
            
             
               The
               Wednesday
               at
               
                 Santa
                 Prisca
              
               .
            
             
               The
               holy
               Thursday
               at
               
                 San
                 Giovanni
                 Laterano
              
               .
            
             
               The
               good
               Fryday
               called
               Parasceve
               at
               
                 Santa
                 Croce
              
               in
               Hierusalem
               .
            
             
               The
               Satturday
               at
               
                 San
                 Giovanni
                 Laterano
              
               .
            
             
               Easter
               day
               or
               the
               Sunday
               of
               the
               Resurrection
               of
               our
               Lord
               at
               
                 Santa
                 Maria
                 Maggiore
              
               .
            
             
               The
               Munday
               at
               
                 San
                 Pietro
              
               .
            
             
               The
               Tuesday
               at
               
                 San
                 Paolo
              
               .
            
             
               The
               Wednesday
               at
               
                 San
                 Lorenzo
              
               without
               the
               Walls
               .
            
             
               The
               thursday
               at
               the
               
                 Santi
                 Dodeci
                 Apostoli
              
               .
            
             
               The
               Friday
               at
               
                 Santa
                 Maria
                 Rotonda
              
               .
            
             
               The
               Saturday
               before
               the
               Octave
               called
               Sabato
               in
               Albis
               ,
               at
               
                 San
                 Giovanni
                 Laterano
              
               .
            
             
               The
               Sunday
               of
               the
               Octave
               from
               Easter
               day
               called
               Domenica
               in
               Albis
               at
               
                 San
                 Pancratio
              
            
             
               The
               Feast
               of
               the
               Ascention
               at
               
                 San
                 Pietro
              
               .
            
             
               The
               Vigil
               of
               the
               Pentecost
               at
               
                 San
                 Giovanni
                 Laterano
              
               .
            
             
               The
               Pentecost
               Sunday
               at
               
                 San
                 Pietro
              
               .
            
             
               The
               Munday
               at
               
                 San
                 Pietro
                 in
                 Vincola
              
               .
            
             
               The
               Tuesday
               at
               
                 Santa
                 Anastasia
              
               .
            
             
               The
               Wednesday
               at
               
                 Santa
                 Maria
                 Maggiore
              
               .
            
             
               The
               Thursday
               at
               
                 San
                 Lorenzo
              
               without
               the
               Walls
               .
            
             
               The
               Friday
               at
               the
               Santi
               
                 Dodeci
                 Apostoli
              
               .
            
             
               And
               the
               Saturday
               of
               this
               week
               of
               Penticost
               at
               
                 San
                 Pietro
              
               .
            
             
             
               The
               Wednesday
               of
               the
               Feasts
               in
               September
               at
               
                 Santa
                 Maria
                 Maggiore
              
               .
            
             
               The
               Friday
               at
               the
               
                 Dodeci
                 Apostoli
              
               .
            
             
               The
               Satturday
               at
               
                 San
                 Pietro
              
               .
            
             
               Besides
               which
               there
               are
               other
               stations
               for
               every
               Feast
               of
               those
               Saints
               Apostles
               ,
               Martyrs
               ,
               Confessors
               ,
               or
               Virgines
               to
               whom
               any
               Church
               is
               dedicated
               in
               Rome
               ,
               and
               for
               the
               most
               part
               those
               Churches
               on
               the
               daies
               of
               their
               Feasts
               are
               visited
               with
               a
               multitude
               of
               People
               ,
               his
               S.
               himself
               often
               celebrating
               Masse
               or
               at
               least
               being
               then
               present
               ,
               atended
               by
               a
               great
               number
               of
               Cardinals
               and
               Prelates
               .
            
          
           
             
               Of
               the
               Vatican
               Library
               of
               the
               Pope
               .
            
             
               THe
               Vatican
               Library
               of
               the
               Pope
               is
               every
               day
               frequented
               by
               learned
               Men
               ,
               and
               meritoriously
               for
               that
               it
               is
               filled
               with
               the
               most
               antient
               books
               in
               all
               the
               Professions
               ,
               as
               well
               Greek
               ,
               Latine
               ,
               and
               Hebrew
               as
               other
               Languages
               writtten
               with
               the
               pen
               in
               Parchment
               And
               t
               is
               certainly
               to
               be
               admired
               ,
               that
               those
               Popes
               under
               so
               many
               disgraces
               ,
               negociations
               ,
               Foreign
               and
               civil
               Wars
               and
               sackings
               of
               Rome
               ,
               should
               still
               apply
               their
               chiefest
               study
               and
               pain
               in
               heaping
               together
               Books
               ,
               and
               preserving
               those
               collections
               .
            
             
               Sixtus
               the
               5th
               in
               our
               time
               beautified
               and
               aggrandized
               it
               wonderfully
               adjoining
               to
               it
               a
               noble
               Fabrick
               ,
               and
               causing
               most
               excellent
               pictures
               to
               be
               drawn
               about
               it
               :
               Which
               
                 Guglielmo
                 Bianco
              
               a
               French
               Man
               praiseth
               in
               a
               singular
               Poem
               :
               and
               Fryer
               
                 Angelo
                 Rocca
              
               by
               way
               of
               History
               treates
               of
               it
               diffusely
               .
               As
               also
               
                 Onofrio
                 Panuino
              
               of
               the
               same
               Order
               .
            
             
               Many
               great
               Scholars
               have
               only
               desired
               favour
               from
               the
               Pope
               as
               to
               publish
               an
               Index
               of
               the
               Greek
               and
               Latine
               Books
               extant
               in
               that
               Library
               ,
               that
               by
               this
               means
               recourse
               might
               be
               had
               to
               Rome
               from
               all
               parts
               both
               for
               the
               enlightning
               and
               correcting
               Authors
               ,
               who
               have
               been
               altogether
               unseen
               ,
               or
               are
               els
               printed
               full
               of
               errors
               .
               This
               the
               noble
               City
               Augusta
               permitted
               ,
               and
               by
               that
               publique
               Index
               set
               forth
               in
               vited
               all
               to
               go
               thither
               for
               comparing
               the
               uncorrected
               for
               their
               amendment
               .
               How
               many
               bookes
               have
               Francis
               the
               first
               and
               Henry
               the
               second
               Kings
               of
               France
               sent
               forth
               to
               light
               .
               How
               many
               benefits
               have
               the
               Republique
               of
               Scholars
               had
               from
               the
               Grand
               Duke
               of
               Tuscanies
               Bibliotheque
               :
               and
               how
               much
               more
               advantage
               would
               all
               the
               world
               receive
               from
               such
               an
               Index
               of
               the
               Pontifical
               Library
               ,
               which
               is
               of
               splendidly
               royal
               .
            
             
               Other
               Libraries
               there
               are
               also
               in
               Rome
               ,
               as
               that
               of
               the
               Capitol
               .
               That
               which
               appertained
               to
               the
               Cardinal
               Sirleto
               now
               to
               Cardinal
               Colonna
               ,
               valeued
               at
               20000.
               
               Crownes
               :
               That
               of
               the
               Family
               of
               Sforza
               ,
               and
               that
               of
               the
               Farnesi
               ,
               abounding
               with
               Greek
               Authors
               .
            
             
               We
               pass
               by
               many
               Libraries
               of
               private
               persons
               no
               less
               replenished
               with
               rare
               Books
               as
               that
               of
               
                 Fulvio
                 Orsino
              
               .
               That
               of
               
                 Aldo
                 Manutio
              
               (
               who
               passed
               to
               a
               better
               life
               at
               green
               yeers
               )
               consisting
               of
               80
               ▪
               thousand
               Books
               .
               We
               must
               observe
               though
               ▪
               that
               
                 Fulvio
                 Orsino
              
               in
               the
               yeer
               1600.
               added
               his
               to
               the
               Library
               of
               the
               Pope
               .
               And
               that
               
                 Ascanio
                 Colonna
              
               (
               never
               enough
               
               to
               be
               praised
               )
               bought
               that
               of
               Sirleto
               for
               14
               thousand
               Crownes
               deputing
               to
               it
               intelligent
               Keepers
               with
               honest
               stipends
               ,
               that
               it
               may
               rather
               dayly
               increase
               ,
               then
               at
               all
               diminish
               .
            
             
               The
               great
               Duke
               of
               Florence
               his
               noble
               Library
               is
               known
               to
               have
               good
               numbers
               of
               Greek
               Books
               ,
               and
               that
               of
               Urbino
               ,
               of
               Mathematical
               Writers
               .
               That
               of
               the
               Malatesti
               is
               in
               Cesena
               in
               the
               Minorites
               Convent
               .
               In
               Bologna
               that
               of
               the
               preaching
               Fathers
               .
               In
               Venice
               that
               of
               the
               Republique
               .
               In
               Padoua
               is
               that
               of
               
                 Gio
                 Vicenzo
                 Pinello
              
               famous
               enough
               :
               but
               le
               ts
               return
               to
               the
               
                 Libraria
                 Vaticana
              
               .
            
             
               'T
               is
               certainly
               concluded
               that
               the
               Gentiles
               usually
               preserved
               their
               Books
               in
               the
               publique
               Libraries
               as
               well
               as
               private
               ,
               &
               t
               is
               no
               less
               evident
               that
               the
               Catholick
               Church
               from
               Christs
               time
               to
               ours
               had
               alwaies
               in
               divers
               places
               sacred
               Libraries
               to
               advantage
               students
               :
               wherefore
               St.
               Augustine
               in
               the
               Narration
               which
               he
               makes
               ,
               
                 De
                 persecutione
                 Arrianorum
                 in
                 Ecclesia
                 Alexandrina
              
               saies
               ,
               that
               in
               the
               Christian
               Churches
               there
               were
               Libraries
               ,
               and
               that
               with
               the
               greatest
               care
               they
               preserved
               their
               Books
               :
               and
               accuseth
               the
               impiety
               of
               the
               Arrians
               amongst
               other
               things
               for
               their
               taking
               away
               and
               burning
               the
               Books
               of
               the
               Church
               .
               Saint
               Jerome
               likewise
               makes
               mention
               of
               the
               same
               Libraries
               .
               when
               writing
               to
               Pamachius
               by
               his
               Books
               against
               Jovinianus
               he
               saies
               that
               he
               kept
               in
               the
               Churches
               Libraries
               Eusebius
               also
               in
               his
               119
               Book
               at
               the
               11
               Chapter
               writeth
               ,
               that
               the
               Church
               had
               holy
               Books
               in
               the
               Oratories
               ,
               and
               that
               in
               Dioclesians
               dayes
               ,
               (
               to
               the
               end
               the
               name
               of
               Christian
               might
               be
               wholly
               extinguished
               )
               the
               Oratories
               were
               overthrowen
               ,
               and
               the
               books
               burnt
               nor
               does
               there
               want
               conjectures
               hereof
               from
               the
               holy
               Scripture
               for
               that
               Saint
               Paul
               writing
               to
               Timothy
               ,
               commands
               him
               to
               transport
               with
               himself
               his
               Books
               to
               Rome
               ,
               chiefly
               those
               in
               parchment
               :
               and
               in
               the
               first
               to
               the
               Corinthians
               ,
               he
               testifies
               that
               in
               the
               Corinthian
               Churches
               ,
               they
               used
               to
               read
               the
               Prophetick
               books
               .
               Eusebius
               in
               his
               5
               book
               of
               the
               Ecclesiastical
               history
               at
               the
               10th
               .
               Chapter
               saies
               ,
               that
               the
               Apostle
               Saint
               Eartholomew
               going
               to
               prea
               ch
               the
               gospel
               to
               the
               Indians
               ,
               left
               there
               the
               Gospel
               of
               Saint
               Matthew
               writ
               by
               his
               own
               hand
               :
               Which
               very
               copy
               ,
               Origene
               afterwards
               found
               in
               the
               Indies
               ,
               and
               from
               thence
               carryed
               it
               (
               as
               Saint
               Jerome
               averrs
               )
               to
               Alexandria
               ,
               when
               he
               also
               brought
               from
               the
               East
               the
               Canonical
               books
               of
               the
               old
               Testament
               .
               Lastly
               the
               Hebrews
               diligently
               conserved
               their
               sacred
               books
               ,
               and
               on
               every
               Sabbath
               read
               the
               Books
               of
               Moses
               in
               their
               Synagogues
               wherefore
               t
               is
               reasonable
               enough
               to
               believe
               ,
               that
               the
               Christians
               have
               alwaies
               observed
               their
               rule
               ,
               of
               diligently
               copying
               and
               preserving
               the
               prophetick
               books
               those
               of
               the
               Apostles
               and
               those
               of
               the
               Evangelists
               :
               But
               the
               places
               where
               these
               books
               were
               layed
               up
               ,
               were
               not
               alwaies
               called
               by
               the
               same
               name
               ,
               but
               sometimes
               Archiviunt
               a
               Treasury
               of
               
                 Rolls
                 ,
                 scrinium
              
               a
               Coffer
               where
               evidences
               were
               kept
               ,
               Bibliotheca
               or
               Libraria
               a
               Bibliotheque
               or
               Library
               as
               in
               se
               veral
               Authors
               appears
               .
            
             
               Then
               indubitably
               they
               used
               to
               lay
               up
               in
               places
               deputed
               to
               that
               purpose
               the
               Memorials
               of
               greatest
               importance
               ,
               the
               Books
               of
               the
               Bible
               of
               the
               old
               and
               new
               Testament
               ,
               and
               the
               Books
               of
               the
               holy
               Fathers
               ;
               many
               whereof
               written
               by
               their
               own
               Authors
               through
               this
               means
               have
               reached
               our
               times
               ,
               and
               will
               continue
               to
               future
               Ages
               if
               God
               soplease
               ,
            
             
               And
               because
               the
               collecting
               and
               conserving
               those
               books
               ,
               required
               a
               great
               expence
               as
               well
               in
               writers
               ,
               as
               Inquisitors
               ,
               and
               conservators
               ,
               therefore
               the
               richest
               Christians
               cōmonly
               contributed
               every
               one
               
               some
               proportion
               and
               part
               ,
               as
               a
               common
               stock
               for
               the
               Church
               to
               have
               the
               same
               effected
               .
            
             
               And
               in
               particular
               we
               have
               great
               obligation
               to
               the
               Emperor
               Constantine
               the
               Great
               ,
               who
               (
               as
               Eusebius
               recounts
               in
               his
               third
               Book
               of
               his
               life
               )
               without
               regard
               to
               the
               vast
               expence
               ,
               made
               it
               his
               business
               to
               collect
               and
               secure
               the
               sacred
               Books
               ,
               which
               in
               the
               times
               of
               the
               persecutions
               the
               Gentiles
               had
               wholy
               dispersed
               .
            
             
               After
               which
               the
               gathering
               ,
               keeping
               ,
               and
               choosing
               Books
               ,
               was
               particularly
               the
               charge
               of
               the
               Bishops
               and
               Priests
               ,
               for
               which
               end
               they
               were
               wont
               to
               maintain
               Notaries
               ,
               Stationers
               ,
               and
               Women
               exercised
               and
               skilled
               in
               writing
               ,
               as
               may
               be
               gathered
               from
               the
               life
               of
               Ambrosius
               and
               of
               Origene
               .
               Among
               all
               other
               Collectors
               of
               Books
               Pantenius
               the
               Master
               of
               the
               Alexandrian
               School
               is
               esteemed
               the
               most
               diligent
               :
               likewise
               Pamfilo
               the
               Priest
               and
               Martyr
               (
               as
               Eusebius
               relates
               )
               instituted
               and
               governed
               with
               great
               industry
               a
               fair
               Library
               ,
               placing
               there
               the
               Books
               of
               Origene
               and
               such
               other
               good
               Books
               as
               he
               could
               get
               written
               by
               the
               hand
               :
               of
               which
               Caesarean
               Library
               St.
               Jerom
               against
               Rufinus
               takes
               notice
               .
               Furthermore
               Alexander
               the
               Bishop
               of
               Jerusalem
               got
               together
               a
               good
               quantity
               of
               Books
               ,
               as
               of
               
                 Betillus
                 ,
                 Hippolitus
                 ,
                 Caius
              
               and
               other
               Ecclesiastical
               writers
               ,
               and
               with
               them
               composed
               a
               worthy
               Library
               ,
               as
               Eusebius
               testifies
               ,
               who
               also
               confesseth
               himself
               to
               have
               been
               assisted
               by
               the
               said
               Alexander
               in
               his
               own
               Ecclesiastical
               History
               .
            
             
               And
               not
               to
               omit
               the
               diligence
               of
               some
               of
               later
               times
               in
               the
               like
               work
               ,
               le
               ts
               remember
               ,
               that
               Pope
               Clement
               the
               first
               ,
               successor
               to
               St.
               Peter
               ,
               who
               wrote
               many
               Epistles
               profitable
               to
               the
               Roman
               Church
               ,
               deputed
               seaven
               Scriveners
               in
               the
               seaven
               praecincts
               of
               Rome
               ,
               who
               were
               maintained
               out
               of
               the
               Churches
               Revenne
               for
               no
               other
               thing
               then
               diligently
               to
               search
               out
               and
               write
               the
               Acts
               of
               the
               martyrs
               .
               And
               Anicetus
               the
               Pope
               made
               it
               his
               business
               to
               find
               out
               a
               secure
               place
               for
               the
               laying
               up
               the
               lives
               of
               the
               Martyrs
               wrote
               by
               those
               Scriveners
               .
               Pope
               Fabianus
               ordained
               seaven
               Deacons
               ,
               for
               supervisors
               to
               those
               Notaries
               ,
               to
               take
               the
               better
               care
               in
               executing
               the
               charge
               of
               collecting
               and
               true
               recital
               of
               the
               Martirs
               lives
               :
               Of
               which
               Scriveners
               the
               Actions
               of
               the
               Roman
               Councel
               under
               Silvester
               ,
               give
               good
               testimony
               Pope
               Julius
               successor
               to
               Marcus
               who
               followed
               Sil.
               determined
               that
               the
               said
               Notaries
               abovenamed
               should
               diligently
               gather
               together
               ,
               whatever
               appertained
               to
               the
               amplifying
               ,
               and
               fortifiing
               of
               the
               holy
               Catholick
               Faith
               ,
               &
               that
               all
               the
               things
               by
               them
               writ
               should
               be
               revised
               by
               the
               Primicerio
               ,
               or
               chief
               ,
               created
               to
               that
               purpose
               ,
               who
               afterwards
               was
               to
               place
               and
               keep
               in
               the
               Church
               what
               he
               had
               approved
               .
            
             
               Pope
               Hilary
               was
               the
               first
               (
               known
               )
               that
               built
               a
               Library
               ,
               who
               erected
               two
               near
               ,
               the
               Founts
               of
               the
               Laterano
               ,
               wherein
               (
               for
               that
               in
               those
               times
               there
               were
               but
               few
               Books
               ,
               and
               they
               at
               great
               price
               because
               wholly
               written
               by
               the
               hand
               )
               he
               caused
               the
               writings
               of
               the
               Roman
               Church
               ,
               the
               decretal
               Epistles
               of
               Popes
               ,
               the
               Actions
               of
               the
               Counsels
               ,
               the
               recantations
               and
               opinions
               of
               the
               Hereticks
               ,
               and
               the
               Books
               of
               the
               holy
               Fathers
               ,
               to
               be
               layed
               up
               and
               preserved
               for
               the
               publique
               use
               of
               the
               Christians
               .
            
             
               But
               to
               return
               to
               our
               purpose
               of
               the
               Vatican
               Library
               :
               we
               must
               know
               that
               beside
               the
               abovenamed
               Libraries
               ,
               the
               Popes
               used
               so
               great
               diligence
               in
               collecting
               books
               ,
               as
               they
               put
               together
               one
               greater
               than
               the
               two
               former
               in
               the
               Popes
               Palace
               on
               the
               Laterano
               ,
               which
               remained
               
               there
               about
               one
               thousand
               yeers
               ,
               till
               Clement
               the
               5th
               .
               translating
               the
               Apostolick
               Sea
               into
               France
               ,
               with
               it
               carryed
               the
               said
               Library
               in
               the
               Laterano
               to
               Avignon
               in
               France
               ,
               which
               continued
               there
               about
               120
               yeers
               ,
               till
               the
               difference
               was
               appeased
               between
               the
               Catholicks
               ▪
               Pope
               Martin
               the
               5th
               .
               caused
               the
               said
               Library
               to
               be
               reconveyed
               to
               Rome
               ,
               placing
               it
               in
               the
               Vatican
               ,
               where
               his
               S.
               had
               then
               chosen
               and
               setled
               his
               Residence
               :
               where
               they
               were
               disposed
               confusedly
               without
               any
               order
               ,
               and
               a
               good
               part
               lost
               .
               Whereto
               Sixtus
               the
               4th
               .
               having
               regard
               ,
               &
               it
               appearing
               to
               him
               insupportable
               ,
               that
               so
               great
               a
               quantity
               of
               books
               should
               go
               to
               ruine
               through
               ill
               government
               ,
               he
               built
               a
               place
               on
               purpose
               for
               them
               adorning
               it
               by
               all
               possible
               means
               ,
               placing
               them
               methodically
               ,
               and
               adding
               such
               other
               Books
               as
               he
               could
               come
               by
               ,
               and
               ordered
               the
               Officers
               deputed
               to
               that
               end
               ,
               to
               govern
               them
               with
               diligence
               ,
               endowing
               it
               with
               a
               hundred
               Crowns
               a
               yeer
               in
               perpetuity
               ,
               being
               the
               donative
               which
               the
               Colledge
               of
               writers
               of
               the
               Pontifical
               Letters
               was
               used
               to
               make
               the
               Popes
               yeerly
               ,
               and
               this
               was
               bestowed
               on
               the
               Library
               Keepers
               for
               their
               diligence
               and
               pains
               .
               This
               then
               is
               the
               Vatican
               Library
               ,
               filled
               with
               the
               most
               choise
               Books
               that
               could
               be
               had
               a
               great
               part
               written
               in
               parchment
               with
               the
               pen
               :
               others
               printed
               :
               and
               their
               number
               exceeds
               six
               thousand
               books
               .
            
             
               Antiently
               the
               President
               of
               this
               Library
               was
               called
               Librario
               ,
               then
               Cancellario
               ,
               whose
               office
               was
               to
               collect
               with
               diligence
               not
               only
               the
               Books
               ,
               but
               also
               to
               copy
               the
               Bulls
               ,
               the
               Popes
               decrees
               ,
               the
               Acts
               and
               Constitutions
               of
               the
               Synods
               ,
               and
               to
               keep
               every
               thing
               exactly
               ,
               because
               it
               appeared
               convenient
               ,
               that
               the
               Cancellario
               or
               as
               he
               is
               now
               called
               the
               Secretary
               of
               the
               Pope
               ,
               should
               have
               the
               managing
               and
               preserving
               of
               the
               Books
               ,
               the
               Library
               being
               in
               those
               dayes
               as
               t
               were
               the
               Office
               of
               the
               Secretary
               or
               Chancery
               :
               but
               in
               our
               times
               the
               Offices
               of
               the
               Chancery
               and
               of
               the
               Library
               are
               divided
               .
            
             
               They
               used
               to
               elect
               Men
               of
               the
               greatest
               knowledge
               and
               of
               good
               life
               for
               Presidents
               of
               the
               Library
               as
               Anastasius
               in
               the
               Life
               of
               Pope
               Gregory
               the
               second
               relates
               ,
               which
               Gregory
               he
               saies
               was
               first
               President
               there
               who
               being
               sent
               to
               Constantinople
               by
               Pope
               Constantine
               to
               the
               Emperor
               Justinian
               the
               second
               ,
               and
               being
               questioned
               by
               him
               he
               answered
               learnedly
               :
               and
               the
               Bibliothecary
               in
               the
               life
               of
               the
               said
               Gregory
               the
               second
               saies
               that
               he
               was
               from
               a
               boy
               brought
               up
               in
               the
               Lateranian
               palace
               ,
               and
               being
               made
               Deacon
               by
               Pope
               Sergius
               took
               upon
               him
               the
               charge
               of
               the
               Library
               .
               at
               last
               Sixtus
               the
               4th
               .
               on
               the
               10
               day
               of
               July
               1475.
               being
               the
               sixth
               of
               his
               Papacy
               ,
               created
               a
               perpetual
               Keeper
               to
               the
               Vatican
               Library
               investing
               him
               in
               that
               Office
               by
               his
               Bull.
               
            
             
               
                 Bartolomeo
                 Platina
              
               of
               Cremona
               the
               Apostolick
               writer
               ,
               and
               familiar
               of
               Sixtus
               the
               fourth
               was
               the
               first
               president
               to
               the
               Vatican
               Library
               ,
               for
               which
               service
               he
               had
               10
               Crowns
               per
               Month
               for
               his
               maintenance
               ,
               besides
               provision
               for
               his
               own
               Table
               with
               3
               servants
               and
               one
               horse
               ,
               and
               the
               ordinary
               Vails
               ,
               which
               the
               popes
               usually
               allowed
               to
               their
               Familiants
               ,
               as
               Wood
               ,
               Salt
               ,
               Oyl
               ,
               Vinegar
               ,
               Candles
               ,
               Brooms
               ,
               and
               other
               the
               like
               things
               .
            
             
               
                 Bartolomeo
                 Manfredo
              
               a
               Bolonian
               Doctor
               of
               the
               Canons
               was
               by
               Sixtus
               the
               4th
               .
               annno
               .
               1481
               :
               in
               the
               11th
               of
               his
               Popedome
               elected
               to
               that
               Charge
               in
               lieu
               of
               the
               deceased
               Platina
               .
               This
               Manfredo
               was
               a
               Familiar
               acquaintance
               of
               the
               Popes
               ,
               and
               wonderfully
               learned
               .
               And
               to
               add
               splendor
               to
               this
               Office
               the
               Pope
               ordained
               that
               the
               Presidents
               of
               the
               
               Library
               for
               the
               future
               should
               be
               the
               first
               Squires
               of
               the
               Roman
               Popes
               for
               ever
               ,
               and
               should
               receive
               the
               accustomed
               honors
               and
               profits
               :
               first
               giving
               security
               to
               the
               Apostolick
               Chamber
               of
               ten
               thousand
               Duckats
               ,
               and
               taking
               an
               Oath
               to
               keep
               faithfully
               and
               diligently
               the
               Library
               .
               After
               Manfredo
               these
               following
               were
               successively
               created
               .
            
             
               
                 Christophoro
                 Persona
              
               a
               Roman
               Prior
               of
               
                 Santa
                 Balbina
              
               in
               anno
               1484.
               
            
             
               
                 Giovanni
                 Gionisii
              
               a
               
                 Venetian
                 in
                 anno
              
               1487.
               
            
             
               A
               Spaniard
               who
               was
               Arch
               ▪
               deacon
               of
               Barcellona
               in
               anno
               1492.
               
               Possibly
               this
               was
               that
               
                 Girolamo
                 Paolo
                 Cathalano
              
               Canon
               of
               Barcellona
               Doctor
               of
               both
               Laws
               ,
               who
               was
               Chamberlain
               of
               Alexander
               the
               sixth
               ,
               whose
               books
               set
               forth
               and
               communicated
               the
               Practise
               of
               the
               Roman
               Chancery
               ,
               printed
               anno
               1493.
               being
               the
               second
               of
               the
               third
               Alexander
               .
            
             
               
                 Giovanni
                 Fonsalia
              
               a
               Spaniard
               Bishop
               of
               Iteran
               ,
               in
               anno
               1493.
               
            
             
               Volaterano
               Arch
               Bishop
               of
               
                 Ragusa
                 anno
              
               1505.
               
            
             
               
                 Tomaso
                 Ingeranni
              
               ,
               or
               
                 Fedra
                 Volaterano
                 anno
              
               1510.
               
            
             
               
                 Filippo
                 Beroaldo
              
               a
               Bolonian
               1516.
               
            
             
               
                 Zenobio
                 Azziaiolo
              
               a
               Florentine
               of
               the
               preaching
               order
               1518.
               
            
             
               
                 Girolamo
                 Alexandro
                 dell
                 Mota
              
               Arch
               Bishop
               Brundusian
               Cardinal
               1537.
               
            
             
               
                 Augustino
                 Stenco
                 Eugubino
              
               Bishop
               of
               Chiama
               .
            
             
               
                 Marcello
                 Cervino
              
               of
               
                 Monte
                 Pulciano
              
               Priest
               ,
               Cardinal
               of
               the
               holy
               cross
               in
               Jerusalem
               ,
               was
               created
               by
               Paul
               the
               third
               .
               He
               would
               not
               accept
               the
               stipend
               ,
               nor
               the
               four
               sportule
               or
               Fees
               usually
               given
               to
               the
               Presidents
               of
               the
               Library
               but
               distributed
               those
               emoluments
               to
               the
               two
               Latin
               Correctors
               ,
               and
               to
               him
               whose
               charge
               was
               to
               find
               out
               and
               place
               the
               Books
               .
            
             
               
                 Roberto
                 de
                 Nobili
              
               of
               
                 Monte
                 Pulciano
              
               Dean
               Cardinal
               ,
               with
               the
               Title
               of
               
                 Santa
                 Maria
              
               in
               Dominica
               was
               created
               by
               Paul
               the
               fourth
               anno
               1555.
               
            
             
               
                 Alfonso
                 Caraffa
              
               Dean
               Cardinal
               of
               
                 Santa
                 Maria
              
               in
               Dominica
               ,
               created
               by
               Paul
               the
               fourth
               Anno
               1558.
               
            
             
               
                 Marc
                 Antonio
                 Amulio
              
               Priest
               Cardinal
               a
               
                 Venetian
                 Anno
              
               1565.
               
            
             
               
                 Guglielmo
                 Sirleto
              
               Priest
               Cardinal
               of
               Calabria
               the
               20th
               day
               of
               May
               Anno
               1582.
               
            
             
               
                 Antonio
                 Caraffa
              
               .
               Priest
               Cardinal
               ,
               with
               the
               Title
               of
               
                 San
                 Giovanni
              
               and
               Paulo
               a
               
                 Neapolitan
                 Anno
              
               1585.
               
            
             
               
                 Guglielmo
                 Alano
              
               Priest
               Cardinal
               an
               English
               man
               ,
               created
               by
               Clement
               the
               8th
               .
               Anno
               1591.
               
            
             
               
                 Marc
                 Antonio
                 Colonna
              
               Bishop
               Cardinal
               ,
               created
               by
               the
               same
               
                 Clement
                 Anno
              
               1594.
               
            
             
               
                 Antonio
                 Saulio
              
               Priest
               Cardinal
               created
               by
               the
               same
               
                 Clement
                 Anno
              
               1597.
               
            
             
               And
               because
               t
               was
               imposible
               for
               one
               single
               person
               to
               give
               sufficient
               attendance
               to
               the
               government
               of
               so
               many
               Books
               the
               same
               Sixtus
               the
               fourth
               gave
               to
               the
               President
               of
               the
               Library
               ,
               two
               other
               perpetual
               Keepers
               ,
               persons
               of
               good
               Faith
               ,
               and
               diligence
               to
               assist
               in
               that
               charge
               ,
               allowing
               to
               each
               3
               crowns
               salary
               per
               Moneth
               ,
               and
               his
               Dyet
               ,
               and
               the
               other
               abovenamed
               perqui●…its
               ,
               as
               also
               for
               one
               servant
               .
               The
               first
               of
               which
               were
               
                 Giovanni
                 Caldelli
              
               a
               Clerk
               of
               Lyons
               ,
               and
               
                 Pietro
                 Demetrio
                 of
                 Luca
              
               ,
               who
               was
               Reader
               in
               the
               Popes
               common
               Hall
               ,
               created
               the
               10th
               yeer
               of
               Sixtus
               his
               papacy
               ;
               the
               first
               the
               29th
               .
               of
               ,
               April
               the
               second
               the
               first
               of
               
                 May.
                 Demetrio
              
               being
               dead
               ,
               Julius
               the
               second
               ,
               the
               
               sixth
               of
               July
               in
               the
               eighth
               yeer
               of
               his
               Pontificacy
               created
               
                 Lorenzo
                 Parmenio
              
               priest
               of
               the
               Chamber
               .
               This
               pope
               the
               23d
               of
               August
               in
               the
               first
               yeer
               of
               of
               his
               Popedome
               granted
               a
               Load
               of
               Charcoals
               weekly
               to
               the
               said
               Keepers
               ,
               but
               now
               for
               the
               whole
               yeer
               is
               allowed
               but
               24
               Load
               only
               :
               In
               the
               yeer
               1535.
               
               
                 Fausto
                 Sabeo
              
               a
               Brescian
               Poet
               and
               
                 Nicolo
                 Magiorano
                 Hidronteno
              
               succeeded
               these
               ,
               the
               latter
               of
               whom
               being
               created
               Bishop
               of
               Mancpoli
               him
               succeeded
               
                 Guglielmo
                 Sirleto
              
               ,
               and
               him
               his
               Brother
               
                 Girolamo
                 Sirleto
                 ,
                 Federigo
                 Ronaldo
                 Valnease
              
               being
               created
               prothonotary
               followed
               Sabeo
               ,
               and
               
                 Marin
                 Ronaldo
              
               Brother
               of
               the
               said
               Federigo
               succeeded
               to
               
                 Girolamo
                 Sirleto
              
               .
            
             
               Furthermore
               the
               same
               Sixtus
               (
               that
               nothing
               might
               be
               wanting
               to
               the
               compleating
               the
               splendor
               of
               the
               pontifical
               Library
               )
               created
               three
               with
               the
               denomination
               of
               exquisite
               writers
               ,
               the
               one
               in
               Greek
               a
               second
               in
               Latin
               ,
               a
               third
               in
               Hebrew
               ,
               with
               their
               Dyet
               ,
               and
               four
               crowns
               a
               moneth
               ,
               but
               Paulus
               the
               fourth
               doubled
               the
               greek
               Salary
               and
               added
               two
               other
               Greek
               writers
               ,
               and
               one
               Latin
               ,
               to
               the
               one
               of
               which
               Greek
               writers
               and
               to
               the
               Latin
               he
               assigned
               five
               Crowns
               by
               the
               Moneth
               ,
               and
               two
               Sportule
               ,
               which
               is
               a
               certain
               Fee
               payed
               to
               the
               Pope
               or
               Saint
               Peter
               ,
               by
               every
               person
               that
               got
               the
               better
               in
               any
               suite
               in
               Law
               ,
               but
               to
               the
               other
               Greek
               he
               assigned
               two
               Sportule
               and
               four
               Crowns
               only
               .
               He
               likewise
               ordained
               one
               Binder
               with
               provision
               of
               foure
               Crowns
               .
            
             
               Lastly
               
                 Marcello
                 Corvino
              
               .
               President
               of
               the
               Library
               instituted
               two
               Correctors
               and
               Revisors
               of
               the
               Latin
               Books
               ,
               between
               whom
               he
               divided
               the
               benefits
               accruing
               to
               the
               Presidents
               denying
               to
               retain
               them
               to
               himself
               as
               aforetold
               ,
               and
               gave
               two
               sportule
               to
               each
               ,
               being
               the
               four
               due
               to
               himself
               as
               president
               ,
               assigning
               a
               Salary
               of
               five
               Crowns
               to
               the
               one
               and
               four
               to
               the
               other
               and
               the
               tenth
               Crown
               which
               remained
               to
               him
               of
               the
               ten
               crowne
               by
               the
               Moneth
               assigned
               to
               the
               presidents
               he
               deputed
               that
               for
               him
               whom
               Paul
               the
               4th
               had
               instituted
               for
               sweeper
               ,
               to
               whom
               the
               regalies
               were
               not
               granted
               .
               The
               first
               Latin
               Correctors
               were
               
                 Gabriel
                 Faerno
              
               of
               
                 Cremona
                 Nicolo
                 Maggiorano
              
               ,
               to
               whom
               Pius
               the
               4th
               .
               added
               a
               Greek
               Corrector
               ,
               giving
               to
               each
               of
               them
               ten
               Crowns
               of
               gold
               by
               the
               Moneth
               .
            
          
           
             
             
               Of
               the
               Ceremony
               in
               kissing
               the
               feet
               of
               the
               Roman
               Bishop
               .
            
             
               CHAP.
               XI
               .
               Taken
               out
               of
               
                 GIOSEFFO
                 STEPHANO
              
               Bishop
               of
               ORIOLANO
               .
            
             
               
                 Wherein
                 is
                 shewed
                 ,
                 that
                 for
                 good
                 reasons
                 the
                 Pope
                 wears
                 a
                 Cross
                 upon
                 his
                 Shoe
                 or
                 Slipper
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 
                   Christian
                   People
                
                 kiss
                 his
                 Feet
                 .
              
            
             
               AMong
               the
               many
               things
               the
               Popes
               had
               given
               them
               to
               bear
               and
               carry
               for
               ensignes
               of
               Glory
               and
               dignity
               by
               the
               Emperor
               Constantine
               the
               Great
               ,
               with
               which
               for
               long
               time
               together
               they
               have
               gone
               adorned
               ,
               ware
               a
               pair
               of
               Slippers
               made
               of
               the
               whitest
               linnen
               cloth
               for
               the
               Ornament
               of
               their
               Feet
               .
               (
               which
               Slippers
               we
               may
               name
               Pumpes
               for
               their
               being
               so
               apted
               to
               the
               Feet
               )
               whereof
               we
               read
               an
               especial
               memorial
               in
               the
               Acts
               of
               
                 San
                 Silvestre
              
               ,
               for
               that
               the
               Emperor
               Constantine
               commanded
               that
               the
               Popes
               of
               Rome
               should
               cloth
               their
               Feet
               with
               the
               purest
               Linnen
               ,
               in
               imitation
               of
               the
               high
               Priests
               and
               antient
               Prophets
               ,
               who
               we
               read
               in
               the
               fifth
               Book
               of
               Herodian
               were
               thus
               vested
               .
               And
               t
               is
               most
               certain
               ,
               that
               the
               Sandals
               or
               slippers
               of
               the
               Roman
               Bishop
               are
               alwaies
               bedecked
               with
               some
               singular
               Ornament
               ,
               differing
               from
               those
               which
               ordinary
               Bishops
               wear
               at
               the
               celebration
               of
               their
               Mass
               ,
               otherwise
               how
               could
               the
               blessed
               Antidius
               near
               Segeberto
               in
               Anno
               418
               distinguish
               the
               Pope
               by
               the
               slippers
               he
               had
               on
               ,
               nor
               could
               that
               have
               happened
               ,
               if
               those
               of
               the
               Pope
               had
               not
               had
               a
               peculiar
               Mark
               differing
               from
               those
               of
               the
               Bishops
               .
               
                 San
                 Bernardo
              
               in
               his
               forty
               second
               Epistle
               declares
               that
               the
               slippers
               are
               a
               part
               of
               those
               Ensignes
               which
               the
               Popes
               are
               obliged
               to
               wear
               at
               the
               solemnizing
               of
               Mass.
               
            
             
               The
               same
               thing
               also
               is
               averred
               by
               Innocenzo
               III.
               in
               his
               first
               Book
               
                 de
                 Divinis
                 Officiis
              
               ,
               in
               the
               24th
               Chapter
               .
               
                 Ivo
                 Cornatense
              
               ,
               in
               the
               76th
               .
               Epistle
               ,
               and
               in
               his
               speech
               
                 de
                 significatione
                 Indumentorum
                 .
                 Rabano
              
               in
               his
               first
               Book
               the
               22d
               .
               Chapter
               Durando
               in
               his
               third
               Book
               the
               28th
               .
               Chapter
               and
               many
               others
               .
            
             
               And
               although
               rhe
               Roman
               High
               Priests
               antiently
               used
               this
               sort
               of
               Shooing
               with
               the
               whitest
               Linnen
               ,
               we
               must
               nevertheless
               ,
               confess
               ,
               that
               now
               the
               Custome
               is
               changed
               ,
               and
               in
               lieu
               thereof
               are
               worne
               a
               certain
               red
               sort
               of
               shooing
               ,
               with
               a
               cross
               wrought
               on
               them
               the
               occasion
               of
               which
               mutation
               may
               be
               attributed
               partly
               to
               the
               reverence
               of
               the
               People
               ,
               and
               partly
               to
               the
               consideration
               of
               the
               Popes
               Person
               .
            
             
               Wherein
               will
               be
               manifested
               the
               humility
               of
               the
               Pope
               ,
               who
               knowing
               all
               Persons
               prone
               to
               the
               kissing
               of
               his
               Feet
               ,
               desired
               to
               have
               the
               sign
               
               of
               the
               Cross
               fixed
               thereon
               ,
               to
               the
               end
               that
               so
               much
               honour
               might
               be
               payed
               to
               the
               most
               holy
               sign
               of
               the
               Cross
               rather
               than
               to
               his
               own
               proper
               person
               :
               And
               that
               his
               Holiness
               would
               also
               reduce
               into
               the
               minds
               of
               the
               faithfull
               which
               kiss
               his
               feet
               ,
               the
               passion
               and
               death
               of
               our
               Saviour
               .
               With
               great
               Judgment
               then
               ,
               most
               honest
               intention
               and
               good
               end
               ,
               have
               they
               introduced
               this
               wearing
               the
               signe
               of
               the
               Cross
               upon
               the
               popes
               Sandals
               ,
               since
               that
               the
               kissing
               of
               the
               cross
               is
               an
               Act
               of
               the
               Reverence
               born
               to
               it
               ,
               used
               in
               the
               most
               holy
               Church
               antiently
               ,
               whose
               custom
               it
               was
               in
               that
               manner
               to
               reverence
               not
               only
               the
               holy
               Crosse
               ,
               but
               also
               the
               holy
               Images
               of
               Christ
               and
               of
               the
               Saints
               ,
               the
               Visage
               and
               heads
               of
               which
               Images
               the
               faithfull
               of
               old
               accustomed
               to
               approach
               ,
               in
               token
               of
               respect
               and
               honour
               ,
               as
               Niceforus
               in
               his
               seaventeenth
               Book
               the
               25th
               .
               Chapter
               recounts
               ,
               and
               Zonara
               in
               the
               third
               tome
               of
               the
               Life
               of
               Theodofilo
               .
            
             
               The
               sublime
               Ensigne
               of
               the
               Romans
               made
               in
               manner
               of
               the
               Cross
               of
               the
               Saviour
               ,
               which
               was
               wont
               to
               be
               born
               before
               Constantine
               the
               Emperor
               ,
               and
               was
               adored
               by
               the
               Senate
               and
               the
               Souldiery
               ,
               is
               called
               Laboria
               ,
               perchance
               for
               that
               in
               Latine
               it
               signifies
               Labour
               ,
               to
               wit
               for
               that
               that
               blessed
               Ensigne
               put
               the
               Souldiers
               in
               good
               heart
               and
               remembrance
               ,
               when
               they
               were
               near
               toyled
               with
               fighting
               ,
               or
               for
               that
               they
               bore
               up
               that
               Ensign
               when
               they
               marched
               ,
               or
               els
               for
               that
               they
               mustred
               the
               Souldiers
               under
               that
               Banner
               to
               signifie
               to
               them
               the
               pains
               they
               must
               take
               under
               it
               ,
               as
               
                 Paolo
                 Diacono
              
               ,
               relates
               in
               the
               11th
               .
               of
               his
               History
               ,
               and
               
                 Nicolo
                 Prinio
              
               in
               the
               consults
               of
               the
               Burgari
               ,
               at
               the
               7th
               .
               Chap
               and
               23.
               
               
                 Paolino
                 Nolano
              
               demonstrates
               very
               clearly
               in
               the
               42d
               .
               Epistle
               ,
               the
               Custome
               ,
               which
               was
               ,
               that
               the
               princes
               and
               great
               Lords
               kissed
               the
               Cross
               ,
               submitting
               to
               it
               all
               the
               Banners
               of
               their
               glory
               ,
               and
               worldly
               Majesty
               .
            
             
               Nor
               have
               they
               born
               this
               Reverence
               to
               the
               Cross
               alone
               ,
               but
               also
               to
               all
               the
               Instruments
               of
               the
               Passion
               of
               our
               Lord
               ,
               as
               
                 Sant
                 Ambrosius
              
               in
               a
               discourse
               he
               makes
               of
               the
               death
               of
               Theodosius
               ,
               averreth
               ,
               touching
               one
               of
               the
               Nayls
               which
               was
               pierced
               through
               the
               Feet
               of
               our
               Saviour
               .
               To
               come
               then
               to
               the
               other
               Head
               ,
               wherefore
               we
               judge
               it
               convenient
               the
               change
               of
               the
               white
               slippers
               or
               sandals
               ,
               for
               slippers
               or
               sandals
               with
               the
               Cross
               wrought
               on
               them
               ;
               we
               say
               that
               herein
               the
               Popes
               have
               endeavoured
               to
               demonstrate
               expresly
               the
               Image
               of
               the
               Apostolick
               charge
               because
               they
               havinng
               received
               a
               charge
               to
               teach
               to
               all
               the
               world
               ,
               and
               to
               preach
               the
               Gospel
               ,
               have
               likewise
               adorned
               their
               feet
               with
               the
               signe
               of
               peace
               and
               of
               the
               Gospel
               ▪
               that
               so
               they
               may
               walk
               perfect
               through
               the
               World
               in
               vertue
               of
               the
               signe
               of
               the
               crosse
               .
               Isaiah
               the
               Prophet
               saith
               thus
               ,
               Beautifull
               are
               the
               Feet
               of
               those
               who
               preach
               Peace
               ,
               and
               publish
               good
               tidings
               ,
               as
               if
               that
               forseeing
               this
               Usage
               ,
               he
               should
               wonder
               ,
               how
               the
               heads
               of
               the
               Christian
               People
               should
               find
               out
               so
               convenient
               an
               ornament
               to
               put
               upon
               their
               Feet
               ,
               so
               that
               the
               Nations
               beholding
               them
               should
               not
               only
               remain
               full
               of
               gladnesse
               for
               the
               good
               newes
               which
               they
               had
               heard
               from
               them
               ;
               but
               should
               also
               perceive
               a
               certain
               content
               for
               having
               seen
               them
               all
               beautifull
               ,
               all
               adorned
               ,
               and
               signalized
               to
               the
               very
               feet
               with
               the
               figure
               of
               the
               holy
               Cross.
               Because
               t
               is
               usual
               to
               weigh
               in
               qualified
               persons
               ,
               all
               their
               Actions
               ,
               all
               their
               words
               ,
               all
               their
               Vestments
               and
               habits
               to
               their
               very
               feet
               ;
               and
               so
               the
               Bridegroom
               praising
               his
               Spouse
               in
               the
               Canticles
               ,
               sets
               down
               as
               a
               great
               concern
               ,
               that
               having
               
               fair
               shoes
               she
               walked
               graciously
               .
               Tertullian
               in
               his
               Book
               of
               the
               habits
               of
               women
               ,
               puts
               a
               difference
               between
               Culto
               Neatness
               ,
               and
               Ornamento
               ,
               Ornament
               ,
               saying
               that
               neatness
               consists
               in
               the
               quality
               of
               the
               Vests
               as
               of
               Gold
               ,
               Silver
               ,
               and
               the
               like
               habiliments
               ,
               but
               that
               Ornament
               consists
               in
               the
               disposition
               of
               the
               parts
               of
               that
               body
               which
               wears
               it
               .
               Then
               the
               Roman
               Bishops
               ,
               who
               rconcile
               and
               make
               Peace
               by
               way
               of
               their
               Letters
               and
               Ministers
               to
               all
               Nations
               to
               the
               great
               astonishment
               of
               all
               ,
               have
               obtained
               and
               pursued
               the
               one
               and
               the
               other
               of
               the
               aforenamed
               parts
               ,
               that
               is
               to
               say
               Neatness
               and
               Ornament
               .
            
             
               Furthermore
               the
               sign
               of
               the
               Cross
               is
               made
               on
               the
               forehead
               and
               Breasts
               of
               the
               faithfull
               ,
               to
               the
               end
               that
               as
               Augustine
               saith
               upon
               the
               30th
               Psalm
               ,
               they
               may
               not
               fear
               to
               confess
               the
               faith
               ,
               and
               having
               overcome
               the
               Devil
               ,
               they
               may
               carry
               the
               Banner
               of
               their
               Victory
               in
               their
               forehead
               ,
               therefore
               also
               is
               the
               same
               signe
               worne
               upon
               the
               feet
               of
               the
               Pope
               ,
               that
               he
               by
               that
               sign
               may
               be
               directed
               in
               that
               good
               way
               through
               which
               he
               is
               to
               lead
               all
               the
               People
               of
               God
               ,
               thereby
               to
               shew
               unto
               the
               Pope
               ,
               that
               to
               him
               was
               given
               this
               holy
               priviledge
               to
               be
               our
               guide
               by
               means
               of
               the
               Cross
               :
               wherein
               (
               saith
               Saint
               Austin
               in
               the
               10th
               Sermon
               
                 de
                 Sanctis
                 Tom
              
               10
               )
               are
               contained
               all
               the
               Mysteries
               and
               all
               the
               Sacraments
               ,
               he
               fortifies
               (
               as
               we
               may
               say
               )
               his
               feet
               with
               the
               Cross
               ,
               to
               the
               end
               that
               he
               shewing
               the
               way
               and
               we
               walking
               in
               it
               ,
               none
               may
               wander
               from
               good
               thoughts
               .
               It
               may
               also
               be
               said
               that
               the
               Pope
               bears
               a
               Cross
               upon
               his
               feet
               ,
               that
               in
               all
               persecutions
               and
               dangers
               all
               his
               people
               may
               recur
               securely
               to
               his
               Feet
               ,
               where
               remedy
               may
               be
               had
               to
               overcome
               the
               difficulties
               ,
               and
               doctrine
               to
               oppresse
               heresies
               if
               need
               require
               ,
               as
               t
               is
               written
               in
               Deutronomy
               at
               the
               33d
               .
               Chapter
               ,
               
                 Qui
                 appropinquat
                 pedibus
                 accepit
                 de
                 doctrina
                 ejus
                 .
              
               Weighing
               all
               which
               considerations
               ,
               with
               their
               foundation
               in
               the
               passion
               of
               Christ
               ,
               very
               rationally
               have
               the
               Popes
               placed
               this
               signe
               upon
               their
               feet
               ,
               to
               evidence
               these
               mysterious
               significations
               .
               Which
               is
               so
               antient
               and
               firm
               ,
               that
               in
               the
               old
               Images
               we
               see
               no
               Pope
               drawn
               or
               carved
               who
               hath
               not
               also
               the
               cross
               upon
               his
               Feet
               :
               from
               which
               considerations
               it
               appears
               manifestly
               ,
               that
               the
               perverse
               and
               wicked
               Hereticks
               of
               our
               times
               are
               in
               a
               great
               error
               ,
               for
               expressing
               their
               dislike
               of
               the
               Popes
               wearing
               a
               Cross
               upon
               his
               feet
               ,
               saying
               that
               t
               is
               an
               undervaluation
               and
               want
               of
               due
               reverence
               payed
               to
               the
               Cross.
               
            
             
               For
               answer
               whereunto
               by
               their
               favour
               :
               Is
               it
               not
               true
               (
               that
               as
               Cirillus
               in
               3.
               
               
                 Tomo
                 contra
                 Julianum
              
               saies
               )
               the
               old
               usage
               was
               to
               paint
               Crosses
               on
               the
               entrances
               into
               houses
               ,
               and
               that
               (
               as
               Nazianzenus
               in
               his
               oration
               against
               the
               same
               saies
               )
               on
               the
               garments
               of
               the
               Souldiers
               were
               signed
               Crosses
               come
               from
               heaven
               ,
               and
               that
               the
               Church
               to
               succor
               dying
               persons
               with
               spiritual
               help
               ,
               used
               to
               mark
               their
               feet
               with
               the
               signe
               of
               the
               Cross
               ,
               and
               that
               t
               was
               usual
               to
               mark
               the
               bodies
               of
               beasts
               with
               the
               Cross
               ,
               as
               saies
               
                 Sainctus
                 Severus
                 de
                 Morbibus
                 bono
              
               :
               and
               
                 San
                 Chrysostome
              
               ,
               in
               his
               demonstration
               
                 Quod
                 Deus
                 sit
                 homo
              
               .
               Did
               they
               not
               mark
               the
               houses
               ,
               the
               publick
               places
               ,
               the
               Vests
               ,
               the
               Armories
               ,
               and
               finally
               divers
               other
               usual
               things
               with
               the
               Cross
               ,
               as
               
                 Leoncio
                 Cipriottio
              
               against
               the
               Jews
               declares
               ,
               to
               the
               end
               that
               in
               every
               place
               and
               in
               every
               action
               ,
               we
               may
               rub
               up
               our
               drowsie
               memories
               with
               the
               passion
               of
               Christ
               our
               Lord
               :
               And
               shall
               we
               afterwards
               say
               ,
               that
               it
               expresseth
               little
               reverence
               to
               the
               Cross
               in
               placing
               it
               upon
               the
               feet
               of
               Christs
               Vicar
               ,
               by
               which
               we
               not
               only
               are
               minded
               of
               the
               passion
               of
               our
               Saviour
               
               when
               we
               behold
               it
               ,
               but
               intend
               that
               thereby
               is
               signified
               ,
               that
               we
               ought
               not
               alone
               to
               submit
               to
               the
               Cross
               ,
               and
               tread
               down
               all
               worldly
               passions
               ,
               which
               to
               the
               purpose
               are
               expressed
               in
               Scripture
               with
               the
               name
               of
               feet
               ,
               but
               also
               for
               the
               Love
               of
               the
               passion
               of
               Christ
               to
               esteem
               at
               nought
               what
               ever
               happens
               under
               the
               Moon
               .
               The
               which
               cannot
               be
               so
               well
               signified
               ,
               by
               placing
               the
               Cross
               in
               any
               other
               places
               but
               on
               the
               Feet
               of
               the
               Pope
               ,
               to
               kiss
               which
               all
               the
               faithfull
               strivingly
               run
               together
               .
            
          
           
             
               
                 GIOVANNI
                 STEPHANO
              
               to
               the
               purpose
               of
               the
               Exaltation
               of
               the
               Pope
               speaks
               after
               this
               manner
               .
            
             
               
                 The
                 Reason
                 wherefore
                 they
                 carry
                 his
                 Holiness
                 upon
                 Mens
                 Shoulders
              
            
             
               T
               Is
               not
               from
               the
               purpose
               to
               say
               somewhat
               of
               the
               Lifting
               up
               of
               the
               Pope
               ,
               since
               that
               all
               old
               Authors
               when
               they
               speak
               of
               the
               Creation
               of
               any
               King
               or
               Emperour
               ,
               say
               that
               he
               was
               elevated
               and
               it
               may
               be
               that
               Claudianus
               speaks
               to
               this
               sense
               .
               
                 Sed
                 mox
                 cum
                 solita
                 miles
                 te
                 voce
                 levasset
                 .
              
            
             
               Nor
               was
               this
               the
               custom
               of
               the
               Barbarous
               Nations
               only
               ,
               but
               even
               of
               the
               Romans
               themselves
               who
               having
               chosen
               any
               One
               for
               their
               Emperor
               ,
               lifted
               him
               on
               high
               ,
               and
               carryed
               him
               upon
               their
               Shoulders
               :
               so
               saies
               
                 Ammianus
                 Marcellinus
              
               in
               his
               22
               book
               speaking
               of
               Julianus
               made
               Emperor
               by
               the
               Souldiers
               of
               France
               ;
               so
               sets
               forth
               
                 Cornelius
                 Tacitus
              
               in
               his
               20
               book
               and
               the
               same
               likewise
               speaks
               Cassiodorus
               of
               the
               Goths
               in
               his
               20th
               Book
               
                 Variacum
                 Epist.
              
               31.
               
               This
               custom
               Adon
               of
               Vienna
               manifests
               in
               the
               sons
               of
               
                 Clotharus
                 :
                 Julianus
                 Capitolinus
              
               speaking
               of
               the
               Giordani
               :
               and
               Herodian
               in
               his
               seventh
               book
               treating
               of
               the
               same
               .
               In
               which
               time
               ,
               they
               did
               not
               only
               exalt
               the
               Roman
               Princes
               as
               aforesaid
               ,
               and
               Princes
               of
               other
               Nations
               ,
               but
               likewise
               the
               praefects
               of
               the
               City
               whom
               to
               honour
               the
               more
               they
               usually
               drew
               up
               and
               down
               the
               streets
               in
               a
               Caroach
               with
               an
               officer
               going
               before
               ,
               who
               proclaimed
               ,
               that
               the
               praefect
               came
               ;
               and
               this
               is
               clearly
               demonstrated
               by
               Siniachus
               in
               his
               first
               book
               &
               Cassiodorus
               in
               his
               6th
               .
               from
               24.
               
               But
               the
               Roman
               Bishops
               who
               from
               God
               have
               chief
               authority
               over
               the
               eternal
               way
               ,
               for
               demonstration
               of
               their
               dignity
               ,
               were
               wont
               to
               be
               conveighed
               through
               the
               City
               in
               a
               certain
               Chariot
               ,
               honestly
               ,
               or
               meanly
               clothed
               ,
               as
               
                 Ammianus
                 Marcellinus
              
               ,
               in
               his
               27th
               book
               avers
               in
               his
               conceipt
               of
               Damascus
               and
               Urcisinus
               to
               this
               point
               in
               that
               time
               when
               Pretestatus
               put
               on
               the
               Pretesta
               (
               which
               was
               a
               Robe
               the
               chief
               Magistrate
               of
               Rome
               wore
               when
               they
               sate
               in
               Majesty
               )
               being
               then
               designed
               Consul
               :
               he
               preposed
               the
               Bishoprick
               of
               the
               Christians
               to
               the
               Consulship
               of
               the
               Roman
               people
               ,
               and
               was
               wont
               to
               say
               to
               
                 San
                 Damascus
              
               the
               Pope
               (
               as
               
                 San
                 Girolamus
              
               also
               relates
               in
               his
               Epistle
               to
               Pammacchius
               )
               
               make
               me
               Bishop
               of
               Rome
               ,
               and
               I
               will
               soon
               make
               my self
               a
               Christian
               ,
               from
               which
               words
               we
               may
               comprehend
               ,
               that
               even
               in
               those
               daies
               the
               Pontifical
               dignity
               moved
               the
               minds
               of
               the
               principal
               and
               greatest
               persons
               being
               that
               the
               Consulacy
               was
               a
               dignity
               to
               which
               all
               others
               gave
               place
               ,
               as
               in
               more
               Epistles
               Cassiodorus
               shews
               in
               the
               10th
               .
               book
               and
               Protestatus
               so
               he
               might
               have
               been
               high
               Bishop
               of
               the
               Christians
               would
               not
               only
               have
               deserted
               his
               old
               false
               Religion
               ,
               but
               also
               Consulship
               .
            
             
               That
               it
               was
               the
               manner
               of
               the
               antient
               Priests
               to
               pass
               in
               Coaches
               for
               greater
               reputation
               ,
               Tacitus
               in
               his
               12th
               book
               clearly
               proves
               ,
               who
               speaking
               of
               Agrippina
               ,
               saies
               ,
               That
               shee
               (
               to
               agrandize
               her
               reputation
               this
               way
               )
               was
               drawn
               to
               the
               Campidoglio
               in
               a
               Caroach
               a
               thing
               then
               only
               permitted
               to
               the
               Priests
               and
               holy
               Druides
               for
               their
               dignity
               .
               This
               custom
               was
               likewise
               used
               by
               the
               Virgins
               (
               as
               may
               be
               collected
               from
               the
               first
               book
               of
               Artimedorus
               ,
               his
               Positions
               )
               and
               chiefly
               of
               the
               Vestals
               ,
               who
               were
               carryed
               in
               Litters
               ,
               attended
               by
               many
               servants
               with
               great
               Pomp
               ,
               as
               Saint
               Ambrose
               relates
               in
               his
               first
               Epistle
               to
               Valentinian
               .
            
             
               But
               the
               Romon
               Bishops
               ,
               besides
               the
               Chariot
               and
               Coach
               wherein
               they
               publiquely
               passed
               through
               the
               City
               ,
               had
               also
               a
               supportable
               Chair
               wherein
               being
               sate
               it
               was
               carryed
               upon
               the
               shoulders
               of
               Men
               deputed
               to
               that
               service
               ,
               and
               who
               lived
               upon
               that
               profession
               which
               is
               manifest
               enough
               ,
               not
               only
               from
               that
               place
               of
               Duoaio
               ,
               where
               he
               saies
               ,
               that
               in
               the
               fifth
               Synod
               ,
               was
               placed
               the
               Chair
               or
               Throne
               of
               the
               Apostolick
               confession
               ,
               but
               also
               more
               clearly
               from
               the
               most
               antient
               Roman
               Order
               written
               before
               Gelasius
               the
               Popes
               time
               ,
               wherein
               we
               finde
               expressions
               to
               this
               sence
               viz.
               
            
             
               When
               the
               Pope
               is
               entred
               into
               the
               Church
               ,
               he
               does
               not
               instantly
               advance
               to
               the
               Altar
               ,
               but
               first
               goes
               into
               the
               Vestry
               sustained
               by
               Deacons
               ,
               who
               received
               &
               assisted
               him
               ,
               while
               he
               descended
               from
               his
               Chair
               and
               to
               that
               effect
               the
               said
               Order
               several
               times
               relates
               the
               Ceremony
               of
               placing
               the
               Pope
               in
               the
               Chair
               ,
               when
               he
               was
               to
               take
               any
               Journey
               and
               to
               sustain
               him
               by
               the
               Arms
               in
               descent
               from
               the
               Chair
               ,
               being
               arrived
               at
               the
               place
               where
               he
               resolved
               to
               stay
               .
            
             
               In
               which
               words
               is
               also
               to
               be
               observed
               ,
               that
               the
               said
               Order
               calls
               this
               Pontifical
               Chair
               in
               Latin
               Sellare
               ,
               which
               properly
               signifies
               a
               Majestick
               Throne
               made
               for
               dignity
               ,
               it
               being
               a
               Chair
               wrought
               with
               Art
               and
               proportionable
               thereto
               .
            
             
               As
               to
               the
               Popes
               being
               born
               up
               by
               hands
               ,
               t
               is
               easily
               manifested
               ,
               that
               he
               was
               so
               supported
               not
               only
               at
               his
               descent
               from
               the
               Chair
               ,
               but
               also
               upon
               several
               other
               occasions
               when
               not
               at
               all
               in
               the
               Chair
               ,
               which
               is
               proved
               by
               the
               examples
               of
               many
               Popes
               :
               As
               Stephen
               the
               second
               (
               saies
               Palatina
               ,
               and
               
                 Francesco
                 Giovanetto
              
               in
               the
               90th
               .
               Chapter
               was
               carried
               upon
               shoulders
               in
               the
               Church
               of
               Constantine
               ,
               and
               then
               in
               the
               Laterano
               and
               Adrian
               the
               second
               was
               so
               born
               up
               in
               the
               Laterano
               by
               the
               Clergy
               and
               by
               the
               chief
               of
               the
               Nobility
               the
               Comunalty
               then
               contending
               with
               the
               Clergy
               and
               Nobility
               for
               that
               honourable
               Office
               ,
               as
               appears
               in
               the
               descriptions
               the
               63d
               .
               Chapter
               ,
               which
               begins
               .
               
                 Cum
                 Adrianus
                 Secundus
                 ,
                 &c.
              
               
               And
               Gregory
               the
               ninth
               was
               so
               sustained
               in
               the
               Laterano
               ,
               laded
               with
               Gemmes
               and
               Gold.
               
            
             
               At
               which
               custome
               none
               ought
               to
               wonder
               ,
               since
               so
               long
               before
               prophesied
               by
               Esaiah
               in
               the
               49th
               Chapter
               be
               these
               words
               .
               
                 Et
                 efferent
                 
                 filios
                 tuos
                 in
                 Uluis
                 &
                 filias
                 super
                 humeros
                 portabunt
                 ,
              
               in
               our
               English
               Translation
               t
               is
               thus
               rendred
               .
            
             
               And
               they
               shall
               bring
               thy
               Sons
               in
               their
               Arms
               ,
               and
               thy
               Daughters
               shall
               be
               carryed
               upon
               their
               shoulders
               .
            
             
               The
               occasion
               for
               which
               custome
               proceeds
               from
               the
               great
               reverence
               wherewith
               the
               Princes
               of
               the
               World
               ought
               to
               observe
               the
               Presidents
               of
               the
               Church
               ,
               which
               Princes
               ought
               not
               to
               omit
               any
               convenient
               honour
               due
               to
               the
               Church
               ,
               and
               so
               consequently
               to
               the
               head
               thereof
               .
               It
               stands
               with
               good
               reason
               too
               ,
               that
               the
               Pope
               should
               be
               born
               up
               on
               high
               ,
               to
               the
               end
               that
               on
               the
               one
               side
               he
               may
               the
               better
               see
               and
               bestow
               his
               Benediction
               on
               the
               People
               comitted
               to
               him
               ,
               and
               that
               the
               People
               may
               on
               the
               other
               side
               behold
               their
               Head
               ,
               acknowledging
               him
               for
               Gods
               Vicar
               ,
               and
               thence
               fortifie
               themselves
               in
               the
               confession
               of
               the
               Catholick
               Faith.
               
            
          
           
             
               The
               same
               PIGHIO
               speaks
               of
               the
               Coronation
               of
               the
               Pope
               in
               this
               sence
               .
            
             
               ALL
               Princes
               for
               demonstration
               of
               the
               Majesty
               of
               Empire
               have
               worn
               a
               golden
               Crown
               .
               David
               who
               reigned
               before
               Homer
               and
               before
               all
               the
               antient
               writers
               at
               this
               day
               extant
               ,
               had
               such
               a
               Crown
               as
               is
               proved
               in
               the
               12th
               .
               Chapter
               of
               the
               second
               Book
               of
               Kings
               ,
               the
               which
               he
               took
               to
               himself
               from
               one
               of
               the
               Cities
               of
               the
               Am●…onites
               by
               him
               overcome
               in
               warr
               ,
               which
               who
               desires
               may
               read
               in
               the
               words
               of
               the
               cited
               Text.
               Ciassare
               King
               of
               the
               Medes
               (
               as
               saies
               Zonara
               ,
               in
               the
               first
               Tome
               )
               sent
               a
               certain
               beautifull
               Daughter
               of
               his
               own
               to
               Cyrus
               with
               a
               golden
               Crown
               upon
               her
               head
               ,
               and
               with
               the
               whole
               province
               of
               Media
               for
               Dowry
               .
               The
               Romans
               triumphing
               carryed
               a
               Crown
               of
               Gold
               ,
               as
               Golliote
               relates
               ,
               which
               might
               seem
               improperly
               and
               erroneously
               declared
               ,
               in
               respect
               all
               historians
               write
               that
               the
               Emperors
               Triumphing
               were
               crowned
               with
               Lawrel
               ,
               if
               Tertullian
               did
               not
               remove
               this
               doubt
               in
               his
               Tract
               entituled
               
                 De
                 Corona
                 Militis
              
               ,
               and
               Pliny
               in
               his
               21st
               .
               Book
               the
               third
               Chapter
               saies
               ,
               that
               the
               Radiant
               Crowns
               were
               composed
               with
               Leaves
               of
               Gold
               and
               silver
               .
               Zonara
               in
               the
               second
               Tome
               describing
               the
               Pompe
               of
               a
               Triumph
               saies
               :
               that
               while
               triumphing
               they
               carryed
               two
               Crowns
               ,
               one
               was
               placed
               on
               the
               head
               of
               the
               Emperor
               ,
               which
               was
               of
               Lawrel
               ,
               the
               other
               which
               was
               of
               Gold
               and
               enterwoven
               with
               pretious
               stones
               ,
               was
               born
               up
               over
               the
               head
               of
               the
               Emperour
               by
               the
               hands
               of
               a
               publique
               Minister
               ,
               who
               stood
               upon
               the
               same
               Chariot
               whereof
               Juvenal
               speaks
               in
               the
               tenth
               Satyr
               ,
               saying
               .
               
                 
                   Tantum
                   orbem
                   ,
                   quanto
                   cervix
                   non
                   sufficit
                   ulla
                   ,
                
                 
                   Quippe
                   tenet
                   sudans
                   ,
                   hanc
                   publicus
                   ,
                   &
                   sibi
                   Consul
                
                 
                   Ne
                   placeat
                   ,
                   curru
                   servus
                   Portatur
                   eodem
                   .
                
              
            
             
             
               And
               
                 Valerius
                 Paterculus
              
               ,
               saies
               that
               this
               Crown
               of
               Gold
               ,
               was
               of
               the
               colour
               of
               a
               Rain-bow
               ,
               to
               demonstrate
               the
               signe
               of
               a
               certain
               Divinity
               ,
               speaking
               of
               
                 Augustus
                 Caesar
                 Octavins
              
               in
               his
               second
               Book
               .
               As
               also
               of
               the
               same
               make
               clear
               mention
               ,
               calling
               it
               Radiante
               ,
               and
               
                 Lucide
                 ,
                 Suetoninus
              
               ,
               in
               the
               life
               of
               Augustus
               the
               44th
               Chapter
               .
               Pliny
               in
               his
               Panegyrick
               ,
               the
               unknown
               Author
               in
               the
               Panegyrick
               dedicated
               to
               Maximilianus
               and
               
                 Latinus
                 Peccatus
              
               in
               Panegyrick
               ,
               whose
               words
               would
               take
               up
               too
               much
               room
               to
               set
               down
               here
               .
            
             
               Moreover
               
                 Ammianus
                 Marcellinus
              
               in
               the
               17th
               .
               book
               treating
               of
               the
               sharp
               pointed
               Pyramids
               ,
               saies
               that
               they
               were
               wont
               to
               place
               Crowns
               on
               the
               heads
               of
               statues
               :
               which
               he
               again
               confirms
               in
               the
               24th
               Book
               ,
               from
               which
               testimonies
               Lazius
               collects
               in
               his
               9th
               Book
               of
               Commentaries
               of
               the
               Roman
               Republique
               ,
               that
               our
               Predecessors
               derived
               the
               custome
               of
               placing
               on
               the
               heads
               of
               the
               Images
               of
               Saints
               in
               the
               Churches
               ,
               Crowns
               figured
               in
               the
               form
               of
               the
               raies
               of
               the
               Sun
               ,
               chiefly
               for
               that
               those
               images
               being
               adorned
               with
               such
               Crownes
               ,
               seemed
               to
               have
               ,
               I
               know
               not
               what
               kind
               of
               splendour
               and
               Divinity
               :
               which
               reason
               ,
               though
               it
               be
               not
               ,
               altogether
               from
               the
               purpose
               ,
               yet
               t
               is
               not
               altogether
               to
               be
               ,
               maintained
               :
               for
               that
               we
               rather
               think
               ,
               that
               this
               usage
               and
               custome
               had
               its
               original
               from
               that
               splendour
               which
               hath
               been
               often
               seen
               miraculously
               ,
               to
               shine
               on
               the
               heads
               of
               the
               Saints
               :
               Being
               that
               (
               as
               Abdias
               in
               the
               5th
               .
               Book
               ,
               and
               Eusebius
               in
               the
               second
               of
               his
               Histories
               relate
               )
               the
               Apostles
               were
               often
               overshadowed
               with
               such
               a
               Light
               ,
               as
               human
               eye
               could
               not
               behold
               them
               ,
               as
               of
               old
               fell
               out
               to
               Moses
               ,
               whose
               Face
               (
               when
               he
               had
               had
               that
               near
               conference
               with
               God
               )
               did
               shine
               so
               bright
               ,
               that
               Aaron
               and
               the
               children
               of
               Israel
               ,
               were
               afraid
               to
               come
               near
               him
               ,
               as
               is
               recorded
               in
               the
               34th
               Chapter
               of
               Exodus
               .
            
             
               To
               return
               then
               to
               our
               subject
               .
               The
               Persian
               Kings
               had
               a
               Crown
               to
               be
               worn
               on
               their
               heads
               which
               Zonara
               sets
               down
               in
               greek
               by
               its
               proper
               name
               ,
               which
               can
               neither
               be
               commodiously
               expressed
               either
               in
               Latin
               or
               vulgar
               tongue
               :
               and
               it
               was
               a
               capital
               offence
               among
               the
               Persians
               for
               any
               one
               to
               put
               the
               Kings
               Crown
               upon
               his
               head
               as
               
                 Dion
                 Chrysostomus
              
               denotes
               in
               his
               first
               oration
               
                 De
                 libertate
                 &
                 servitute
              
               .
               Likewise
               the
               priests
               of
               the
               Gentiles
               wore
               a
               crown
               upon
               their
               heads
               ,
               for
               demonstration
               of
               that
               repute
               which
               appertained
               to
               the
               splendidness
               and
               maintenance
               of
               their
               Sacerdotal
               office
               :
               whence
               the
               Antients
               were
               stupified
               ,
               at
               a
               suddain
               view
               of
               the
               great
               Priest
               of
               the
               Comani
               ,
               to
               whom
               (
               as
               Strabo
               writes
               )
               was
               granted
               the
               first
               honour
               next
               the
               King
               ,
               and
               to
               wear
               a
               Royal
               Crown
               .
               Besides
               in
               Emesa
               a
               City
               of
               Phoenicia
               ,
               the
               Priests
               went
               clad
               with
               a
               long
               robe
               ,
               having
               a
               Crown
               of
               pretious
               stones
               of
               various
               colours
               in
               token
               of
               Majesty
               upon
               their
               heads
               .
               Which
               Ornament
               Antoninus
               being
               made
               Emperor
               of
               the
               Romans
               ,
               by
               the
               multitude
               ,
               the
               Souldiery
               and
               the
               Priests
               of
               the
               Sun
               ,
               would
               not
               part
               with
               again
               ,
               as
               Herodianus
               in
               
                 libro
                 quinto
              
               clearly
               proves
               :
               and
               so
               afterwards
               the
               Emperors
               of
               Constantinople
               triumphing
               ,
               elected
               this
               ornament
               ,
               which
               was
               called
               by
               a
               proper
               name
               as
               we
               read
               in
               the
               life
               of
               
                 Basilius
                 Porfirogenitus
                 .
                 Triumphum
                 duxit
                 tiara
                 tecta
                 ;
                 quam
                 illi
                 tuphum
                 appellant
                 ,
              
               although
               some
               modern
               Authors
               call
               it
               Calipora
               ,
               as
               saies
               
                 Niceforus
                 Gregorius
              
               in
               
                 libro
                 sexto
              
               .
            
             
               Or
               Bishops
               then
               having
               two
               royal
               Dignities
               ,
               to
               wit
               the
               spiritual
               and
               temporal
               ,
               deservedly
               wear
               a
               double
               crown
               ,
               as
               Innocent
               the
               third
               
               in
               his
               third
               sermon
               
                 De
                 coronatione
                 Pontificis
              
               ,
               confirms
               ,
               saying
               that
               the
               Popebears
               the
               Mitre
               in
               token
               of
               the
               spiritual
               power
               ,
               and
               the
               Crown
               in
               testimony
               of
               the
               Temporal
               ,
               both
               which
               are
               conferred
               upon
               him
               by
               God
               omnipotent
               ,
               King
               of
               Kings
               and
               Lord
               of
               Lords
               .
            
             
               But
               let
               us
               examine
               a
               little
               whether
               the
               Mitre
               ,
               and
               the
               Crown
               ,
               are
               Ornaments
               adapted
               to
               the
               Ecclesiastical
               customs
               .
            
             
               The
               mitre
               by
               Suidas
               is
               called
               the
               swathe
               or
               Fillet
               of
               the
               head
               ,
               bound
               about
               with
               gold
               and
               silver
               as
               Brissonius
               explains
               :
               and
               Eusebius
               in
               his
               second
               book
               ,
               the
               first
               Chapter
               ,
               calls
               it
               a
               shelter
               ;
               with
               which
               Saint
               James
               the
               Apostle
               called
               the
               Brother
               of
               our
               Lord
               ,
               was
               suddainly
               adorned
               ,
               when
               by
               the
               Apostles
               he
               was
               chosen
               and
               consecrated
               Bishop
               of
               Jerusalem
               :
               which
               Ornament
               ,
               although
               it
               took
               beginning
               with
               Aaron
               Priest
               of
               the
               Hebrew
               Law
               ,
               is
               nevertheless
               received
               into
               the
               Christian
               Church
               ,
               to
               the
               end
               that
               therewith
               the
               Bishops
               of
               all
               Nations
               may
               be
               adorned
               .
               
                 Policrates
                 Ephesinus
              
               wore
               the
               Mitre
               (
               as
               Eusebius
               in
               the
               31st
               Chapter
               of
               the
               third
               Book
               relates
               )
               as
               Priest
               of
               Ephesus
               :
               and
               likewise
               the
               other
               Priests
               wore
               almost
               all
               the
               Ornaments
               of
               the
               antient
               Priests
               ,
               as
               the
               Robe
               ,
               and
               the
               Mitre
               ,
               that
               they
               might
               appear
               the
               more
               adorned
               and
               majestick
               saies
               Eusebius
               in
               his
               Book
               ;
               whereof
               
                 Amalarius
                 ,
                 Rabanus
              
               ,
               and
               others
               the
               gravest
               Authors
               treat
               more
               amply
               .
            
             
               What
               we
               have
               spoken
               touching
               the
               Mitre
               is
               without
               contradiction
               ,
               and
               is
               held
               for
               truth
               by
               the
               consent
               of
               many
               and
               sundry
               Nations
               ,
               but
               what
               is
               to
               be
               spoken
               touching
               a
               Kingdome
               ,
               and
               a
               Royal
               Crown
               ,
               is
               not
               so
               perspicuous
               to
               all
               ,
               wherefore
               to
               our
               best
               power
               we
               will
               endeavour
               to
               manifest
               the
               same
               .
            
             
               Then
               first
               is
               to
               be
               observed
               ,
               that
               t
               is
               the
               common
               opinion
               of
               all
               ,
               that
               this
               sort
               of
               Ornament
               upon
               the
               head
               of
               the
               Pope
               had
               its
               original
               from
               the
               Emperor
               Constantine
               the
               Great
               ,
               as
               appears
               in
               the
               Acts
               of
               
                 San
                 Silvestre
              
               the
               Pope
               :
               the
               same
               opinion
               is
               also
               embraced
               by
               all
               other
               Roman
               Bishops
               ,
               as
               by
               Leo
               the
               ninth
               in
               the
               13.
               chapter
               of
               his
               Epistle
               against
               the
               presumption
               of
               Michaele
               ,
               and
               Innocent
               the
               third
               in
               his
               first
               Sermon
               of
               the
               blessed
               Silvester
               ,
               confirms
               That
               Constantine
               the
               great
               at
               his
               departure
               from
               Rome
               to
               Constantinople
               ,
               would
               have
               bestowed
               his
               own
               Crown
               upon
               
                 San
                 Silvester
              
               ,
               which
               he
               refused
               ,
               but
               in
               lieu
               thereof
               put
               a
               covering
               upon
               his
               head
               entirely
               circular
               ,
               and
               a
               little
               after
               Innocent
               follows
               in
               words
               to
               this
               sence
               :
               And
               for
               this
               cause
               the
               
                 Roman
                 Bishop
              
               ,
               in
               testimony
               of
               Empire
               ,
               wears
               a
               Regal
               crown
               called
               in
               Latin
               Regnum
               ,
               and
               in
               testimony
               of
               his
               Pontificacy
               he
               wears
               a
               Mitre
               ,
               which
               is
               most
               convenient
               ,
               for
               him
               in
               all
               times
               and
               places
               universally
               ,
               because
               the
               spiritual
               power
               hath
               been
               ever
               esteemed
               for
               the
               Prior
               ,
               more
               worthy
               and
               more
               great
               then
               the
               Temporal
               .
               And
               reason
               will
               yeeld
               ,
               that
               
                 San
                 Silvester
              
               would
               not
               wear
               that
               Crown
               ,
               but
               such
               a
               one
               as
               only
               covered
               the
               Temples
               ,
               in
               respect
               his
               head
               was
               shaven
               as
               the
               Popes
               ought
               to
               be
               .
               Which
               shaving
               gave
               good
               reason
               that
               t
               was
               not
               decent
               to
               wear
               such
               a
               Diadem
               ,
               but
               rather
               that
               circular
               covering
               which
               he
               chose
               named
               properly
               
                 Tiara
                 Phrigia
              
               ,
               whereof
               Juvenal
               speaks
               in
               his
               sixth
               satyr
               saying
               .
               
                 
                   Et
                   Phrygia
                   vestitur
                   buca
                   tiara
                   .
                
              
            
             
               Which
               Ornament
               may
               be
               supposed
               to
               be
               borrowed
               either
               from
               
               Phrygia
               or
               Phoenicia
               ,
               as
               we
               please
               ,
               because
               the
               Phrigians
               had
               their
               original
               from
               the
               Phoenicians
               .
               And
               that
               this
               was
               given
               the
               Pope
               by
               the
               Emperor
               Constantine
               the
               great
               ,
               is
               most
               evident
               in
               the
               Acts
               of
               
                 San
                 Silvester
              
               ,
               where
               the
               Emperor
               reckons
               up
               those
               things
               ,
               that
               he
               had
               bestowed
               on
               the
               Pope
               ,
               and
               being
               come
               to
               this
               ,
               gives
               it
               the
               name
               Phrygium
               ,
               as
               t
               was
               its
               proper
               name
               ;
               but
               in
               respect
               t
               was
               not
               manifest
               to
               all
               ,
               what
               thing
               Phrygium
               denoted
               ,
               he
               explains
               himself
               in
               the
               sence
               by
               us
               set
               down
               ,
               saying
               
                 et
                 Phrygium
                 nempe
                 tegmen
                 capitis
                 sive
                 Mitram
                 .
              
            
             
               This
               particular
               required
               so
               much
               explanation
               ,
               for
               that
               
                 Theodorus
                 Balsamones
              
               ,
               confounding
               the
               signification
               of
               Phrygium
               ,
               by
               joining
               it
               with
               the
               subsequent
               Lorum
               ,
               which
               imports
               a
               perfect
               different
               thing
               hath
               caused
               many
               to
               erre
               in
               beleeving
               that
               Phrygium
               and
               Lorum
               put
               together
               do
               denote
               Pallium
               ,
               the
               Cope
               which
               Arch
               -
               Bishops
               wear
               by
               the
               concession
               of
               the
               highest
               Bishop
               .
               But
               t
               is
               not
               convenient
               for
               us
               to
               dwell
               longer
               upon
               the
               dispute
               ,
               let
               the
               intelligent
               read
               the
               latin
               Itinerary
               in
               this
               place
               ,
               where
               they
               'l
               meet
               an
               ample
               discourse
               upon
               the
               significations
               of
               these
               words
               .
            
             
               Other
               authors
               will
               have
               ,
               that
               this
               Crown
               came
               not
               from
               Constantine
               but
               from
               Clodoveo
               ,
               as
               they
               labour
               to
               draw
               from
               Segeberto
               under
               the
               yeer
               of
               our
               Lord
               550.
               who
               speaks
               to
               this
               sence
               ,
               Clodoveus
               the
               King
               received
               from
               Anastasius
               the
               Emperor
               ,
               the
               Codicils
               of
               the
               Consulacy
               ,
               a
               Crown
               of
               Gold
               with
               Jewels
               ,
               and
               the
               red
               garment
               ,
               and
               on
               that
               day
               he
               was
               called
               Consul
               and
               King
               ,
               but
               the
               same
               King
               sent
               to
               Saint
               Peter
               at
               Rome
               the
               Crown
               of
               Gold
               with
               the
               Jewels
               ,
               the
               Royal
               Ensigne
               ,
               which
               is
               called
               Regnum
               .
            
             
               Armonius
               also
               confirms
               in
               his
               first
               book
               the
               24th
               .
               Chapter
               ,
               that
               from
               Clodoveus
               the
               Pope
               had
               the
               Crown
               :
               and
               Anastasius
               the
               Library
               Keeper
               under
               Pope
               Hormisda
               ,
               testifies
               that
               Saint
               Peter
               received
               many
               gifts
               :
               In
               whom
               I
               have
               read
               ,
               that
               in
               the
               yeer
               776
               that
               Philip
               the
               first
               Pope
               and
               Constantine
               the
               second
               Pope
               were
               both
               consecrated
               in
               
                 San
                 Peters
              
               Church
               (
               but
               we
               must
               observe
               that
               the
               antient
               Authors
               under
               the
               word
               consecration
               understand
               also
               the
               ceremony
               of
               coronation
               )
               for
               that
               when
               they
               say
               ,
               that
               Charles
               the
               great
               was
               consecrated
               Emperor
               ,
               they
               also
               by
               it
               understand
               he
               was
               Crowned
               ,
               whence
               we
               may
               draw
               ,
               that
               the
               Coronation
               of
               the
               Pope
               ,
               had
               its
               rise
               in
               long
               since
               past
               times
               ,
               since
               that
               in
               the
               yeer
               683.
               under
               Agathone
               the
               first
               ,
               and
               Benedict
               the
               second
               ,
               was
               raised
               the
               custome
               of
               giving
               moneys
               at
               the
               coronation
               of
               the
               Pope
               ,
               and
               of
               expecting
               the
               authority
               of
               the
               Emperor
               .
               Eugenius
               the
               second
               was
               crowned
               the
               22d
               .
               of
               May
               in
               the
               yeer
               824.
               
               Benedict
               in
               the
               yeer
               855
               ,
               Formosus
               the
               first
               in
               891.
               
               But
               after
               Clement
               which
               happened
               in
               anno
               1044.
               all
               succeeding
               Popes
               were
               crowned
               as
               (
               Panuinus
               observes
               )
               in
               such
               a
               manner
               ,
               as
               by
               it
               from
               that
               time
               forwards
               ,
               the
               Prophecy
               of
               Isaiah
               in
               the
               sixty
               first
               Chapter
               may
               be
               well
               known
               to
               be
               fulfilled
               ,
               where
               he
               saies
               as
               our
               English
               Translation
               renders
               it
               :
               
                 For
                 he
                 hath
                 clothed
                 me
                 with
                 the
                 garments
                 of
                 Salvatio
                 ,
                 he
                 hath
                 covered
                 me
                 with
                 the
                 Robe
                 of
                 Righteousnesse
                 ,
                 as
                 a
                 Bridegroom
                 decketh
                 himself
                 with
                 ornaments
                 :
              
               The
               Italian
               saies
               ,
               they
               (
               meaning
               the
               Priests
               )
               are
               crowned
               as
               Bridegroom
               :
               after
               that
               the
               Pope
               is
               elevated
               to
               this
               supremedignity
               
               he
               wears
               the
               garments
               of
               eternal
               peace
               ,
               and
               a
               Crown
               upon
               his
               head
               :
               This
               is
               that
               Son
               of
               Eliachim
               spoken
               of
               from
               God
               by
               Isaiah
               the
               Prophet
               in
               the
               22d
               .
               Chapter
               ,
               to
               whom
               even
               at
               that
               time
               God
               promised
               the
               Robe
               the
               Crown
               and
               the
               Key
               ,
               as
               you
               may
               read
               in
               the
               20.
               21
               ,
               22
               ,
               23
               ,
               and
               24.
               verses
               of
               that
               Chapter
               and
               so
               forwards
               :
               The
               Crown
               is
               an
               Ensigne
               of
               Empire
               ,
               the
               Robe
               is
               a
               signe
               of
               familiar
               government
               ,
               the
               which
               things
               are
               found
               in
               their
               excellency
               in
               our
               Pope
               .
               So
               in
               the
               14th
               Chapter
               of
               the
               Revelation
               of
               Saint
               John
               ,
               at
               the
               14th
               verse
               t
               is
               said
               that
               Christ
               (
               named
               the
               Son
               of
               man
               )
               appeared
               sitting
               on
               a
               white
               cloud
               ,
               adorned
               with
               a
               golden
               Crown
               upon
               his
               head
               .
               And
               in
               the
               19th
               .
               of
               the
               Revelations
               about
               the
               11th
               .
               verse
               t
               is
               said
               ,
               that
               the
               same
               Word
               of
               God
               appeared
               upon
               a
               white
               horse
               ,
               with
               many
               Regal
               Crowns
               upon
               his
               head
               and
               all
               his
               Friends
               ,
               as
               may
               be
               read
               in
               the
               subsequent
               verses
               .
            
             
               For
               this
               occasion
               principally
               were
               these
               significations
               by
               Crowns
               to
               wit
               that
               Christ
               through
               his
               Wisdom
               (
               signified
               by
               the
               figure
               of
               a
               Crown
               of
               Gold
               )
               hath
               obtained
               victory
               over
               all
               Creatures
               ,
               and
               subjected
               them
               to
               his
               Dominion
               .
               So
               likewise
               the
               Roman
               Bishop
               who
               is
               ouer
               all
               Nations
               ,
               who
               hath
               brought
               all
               the
               People
               under
               his
               authority
               ,
               (
               by
               the
               consignation
               and
               power
               of
               God
               )
               deservedly
               puts
               on
               the
               covering
               of
               his
               head
               three
               Crowns
               ,
               thereby
               demonstrating
               that
               in
               glory
               ,
               Authority
               ,
               and
               great
               works
               ,
               he
               surpasseth
               all
               the
               other
               Kings
               and
               Princes
               of
               the
               world
               .
            
             
               After
               so
               many
               fore-passed
               Popes
               ,
               
                 Paulus
                 the
              
               second
               created
               in
               the
               yeer
               8465.
               of
               the
               noble
               Venetian
               Family
               Barbi
               ,
               as
               he
               was
               of
               a
               fair
               aspect
               and
               great
               Spirit
               ,
               so
               he
               took
               great
               care
               to
               adorn
               the
               papal
               Mitre
               ,
               with
               pretious
               Jewels
               and
               curious
               workmanship
               .
               Lastly
               let
               us
               advertise
               the
               Reader
               that
               in
               those
               breifs
               written
               by
               
                 Caesar
                 Costni
              
               in
               the
               third
               chapter
               of
               the
               first
               book
               of
               his
               various
               doubts
               deceives
               himself
               ,
               where
               he
               would
               maintain
               that
               the
               Popes
               bearing
               a
               Mitre
               with
               three
               Crowns
               proceeds
               from
               those
               mysterious
               significations
               by
               him
               alleaged
               ,
               when
               indeed
               there
               is
               no
               necessity
               of
               them
               and
               let
               thus
               much
               suffice
               .
            
          
           
             
               Of
               the
               holy
               yeer
               of
               Jubile
               which
               is
               celebrated
               in
               ROME
               every
               twenty
               fifth
               year
               .
            
             
               The
               Narration
               of
               
                 P.
                 M.
                 GIROLAMO
                 da
                 CAPUGNANO
              
               of
               the
               preaching
               Order
               .
               Extracted
               from
               the
               Book
               of
               the
               Holy
               Yeer
               .
               CHAP.
               XII
               .
            
             
               GOD
               granted
               to
               the
               Jewes
               divine
               benefits
               indeed
               ,
               whereupon
               afterwards
               that
               Nation
               boasted
               ,
               saying
               ,
               That
               his
               divine
               Majesty
               had
               not
               treated
               other
               People
               after
               that
               manner
               :
               But
               those
               graces
               which
               the
               Church
               our
               Mother
               hath
               received
               from
               the
               goodness
               
               of
               God
               do
               far
               surpass
               and
               exceed
               the
               Benefits
               bestowed
               upon
               the
               Hebrew
               People
               :
               For
               that
               the
               Lord
               that
               she
               might
               be
               clean
               and
               adorned
               in
               his
               sight
               ,
               gave
               the
               blood
               of
               his
               only
               Son
               to
               wash
               her
               ,
               and
               the
               Treasure
               of
               his
               Wisdome
               to
               beautifie
               her
               .
               Among
               the
               other
               benefits
               conferred
               on
               the
               Hebrew
               Synagogue
               ,
               that
               of
               the
               yeer
               of
               Jubile
               was
               most
               excellent
               ,
               called
               most
               holy
               ,
               for
               that
               it
               was
               the
               yeer
               of
               remission
               and
               of
               the
               commencement
               of
               all
               things
               ,
               which
               the
               Omnipotent
               God
               ordained
               to
               be
               from
               50
               to
               50
               yeers
               .
               The
               like
               grace
               being
               due
               to
               our
               Church
               the
               Spouse
               of
               Christ
               (
               though
               with
               a
               different
               end
               ,
               for
               that
               the
               Synagogue
               attended
               only
               to
               temporal
               affairs
               ,
               and
               the
               holy
               Church
               to
               spirituals
               singly
               )
               by
               divine
               disposition
               she
               thought
               convenient
               to
               ordain
               also
               the
               yeer
               of
               Jubile
               ,
               though
               at
               first
               only
               from
               100.
               yeers
               to
               100.
               yeers
               .
               perhaps
               to
               draw
               to
               good
               use
               ,
               the
               antient
               diabolick
               custom
               of
               the
               celebration
               of
               the
               secular
               Games
               ,
               which
               to
               this
               end
               were
               celebrated
               every
               hundredth
               yeer
               in
               Rome
               ,
               with
               a
               preceding
               general
               invitation
               from
               Cryers
               ,
               who
               proclaimed
               through
               the
               streets
               come
               to
               the
               games
               ,
               the
               which
               none
               ever
               saw
               since
               ,
               nor
               shall
               again
               :
               which
               drew
               into
               the
               City
               of
               Rome
               infinite
               People
               of
               all
               Nations
               for
               the
               service
               of
               the
               devil
               :
               And
               all
               those
               Nations
               since
               the
               institution
               of
               the
               yeer
               of
               Jubile
               ,
               render
               themselves
               at
               Rome
               though
               with
               much
               better
               reason
               viz.
               to
               serve
               the
               true
               God
               ,
               for
               the
               salvation
               of
               their
               own
               souls
               :
               nor
               ought
               our
               pains
               seem
               strange
               to
               any
               ,
               for
               what
               is
               said
               concerning
               the
               mutation
               of
               evil
               into
               good
               ,
               because
               that
               not
               only
               in
               this
               ,
               but
               in
               divers
               other
               occasions
               the
               holy
               Church
               hath
               had
               this
               aime
               ,
               to
               consecrate
               that
               to
               God
               ,
               which
               the
               foolish
               generations
               had
               before
               time
               dedicated
               to
               Satan
               ,
               as
               may
               be
               seen
               in
               divers
               Temples
               of
               
                 Rome
                 ,
                 now
              
               dedicated
               to
               the
               true
               Lord
               ,
               and
               his
               Saints
               ,
               which
               were
               formerly
               the
               Temples
               of
               Idols
               used
               for
               the
               distribution
               of
               candles
               ,
               and
               to
               make
               their
               Feasts
               ,
               as
               in
               
                 San
                 Pietro
              
               in
               Vincola
               ,
               the
               first
               of
               August
               ,
               the
               first
               of
               those
               ceremonies
               was
               made
               in
               Rome
               ,
               in
               honour
               of
               Februa
               by
               the
               Romans
               taken
               for
               a
               Goddess
               ,
               the
               other
               in
               memory
               of
               the
               triumph
               of
               
                 Augustus
                 Caesar.
              
               We
               find
               that
               Boniface
               the
               9th
               .
               in
               the
               yeer
               1300.
               published
               the
               yeer
               of
               Jubile
               by
               his
               Bull
               ,
               wherein
               he
               declares
               as
               a
               Restorer
               rather
               then
               an
               Inventor
               or
               institutor
               of
               this
               yeer
               :
               And
               t
               is
               no
               wonder
               ,
               that
               we
               find
               no
               firm
               testimony
               of
               its
               institution
               before
               that
               time
               ,
               because
               the
               Church
               hath
               had
               so
               many
               persecutions
               ,
               and
               so
               great
               toiles
               ,
               that
               t
               is
               a
               miracle
               that
               any
               antient
               Memorials
               are
               preserved
               rather
               then
               a
               wonder
               that
               some
               are
               lost
               .
               At
               that
               time
               then
               ,
               the
               Pope
               in
               writing
               divulged
               this
               yeer
               ,
               conceding
               entire
               and
               plenary
               remission
               of
               offences
               and
               punishments
               every
               hundredth
               yeer
               ,
               which
               number
               of
               (
               Centum
               )
               one
               hundred
               ,
               bears
               also
               a
               certain
               sense
               of
               returning
               to
               good
               from
               evil
               ,
               as
               is
               fully
               proved
               by
               Girolamus
               and
               Beda
               ,
               principal
               Ecclesiastical
               writers
               .
            
             
               Clement
               the
               sixth
               at
               the
               Instance
               of
               the
               Romans
               reduced
               Jubile
               to
               every
               fiftieth
               yeer
               ,
               chiefly
               for
               that
               the
               life
               of
               man
               is
               so
               short
               ,
               that
               very
               few
               arrive
               to
               one
               hundred
               yeers
               ,
               and
               for
               that
               in
               the
               number
               
                 quinqua
                 ginta
              
               fifty
               ,
               are
               contained
               many
               mysteries
               pertinent
               to
               the
               Christian
               Religion
               ;
               but
               principally
               it
               signifies
               remission
               and
               pardon
               ,
               the
               proper
               effect
               of
               the
               Jubile
               .
               Moreover
               the
               Jewish
               synagogue
               had
               its
               Jubile
               every
               50.
               yeers
               ,
               so
               that
               if
               for
               no
               other
               reason
               ,
               at
               leastwise
               that
               the
               Synagogue
               might
               not
               appear
               richer
               then
               the
               Church
               t
               was
               
               fit
               ,
               that
               she
               should
               likewise
               have
               a
               Jubile
               every
               fifty
               yeers
               .
            
             
               Urban
               the
               sixth
               reduced
               it
               to
               thirty
               three
               yeers
               for
               the
               increase
               of
               the
               Church
               treasure
               ,
               afterwards
               to
               be
               disposed
               of
               by
               Saint
               Peter
               and
               his
               successors
               on
               the
               like
               occasions
               .
               But
               last
               of
               all
               Paul
               the
               second
               reduced
               it
               to
               every
               25th
               yeer
               ,
               and
               so
               Sixtus
               the
               fourth
               his
               successor
               observed
               it
               ,
               as
               in
               like
               manner
               have
               all
               following
               Popes
               done
               .
               T●…e
               which
               we
               must
               believe
               was
               made
               for
               many
               considerations
               ,
               and
               chiefly
               for
               these
               ,
               for
               that
               the
               world
               as
               it
               grows
               old
               becomes
               worse
               both
               in
               quantity
               and
               quality
               of
               Life
               ▪
               so
               that
               through
               the
               thousand
               dangers
               which
               alwaies
               threaten
               life
               ,
               and
               through
               the
               infinite
               Sins
               wherein
               many
               Creatures
               are
               involved
               ,
               it
               hath
               appeared
               good
               to
               reduce
               the
               time
               of
               Remission
               to
               a
               shorter
               time
               ,
               whereby
               to
               offer
               frequent
               invitations
               to
               all
               ,
               to
               accept
               the
               spiritual
               Medicine
               of
               Redemption
               of
               so
               great
               vertue
               )
               and
               to
               fly
               the
               works
               of
               iniquity
               .
            
             
               As
               to
               what
               appertains
               to
               the
               name
               ,
               t
               is
               to
               be
               observed
               ,
               that
               it
               may
               be
               called
               in
               Latin
               
                 Jobileus
                 &
                 Iobileus
              
               ,
               of
               which
               the
               last
               is
               least
               used
               ,
               notwithstanding
               that
               by
               the
               vulgar
               ,
               t
               is
               more
               frequently
               called
               Giubileo
               than
               otherwise
               :
               This
               word
               is
               not
               derived
               from
               Giubilo
               ,
               which
               signifies
               Mirth
               and
               content
               (
               although
               in
               truth
               it
               ought
               to
               be
               a
               yeer
               of
               rejoycing
               )
               but
               from
               the
               hebrew
               word
               Jobel
               ,
               wich
               is
               as
               much
               as
               to
               say
               a
               Trumpet
               or
               Sacbut
               ,
               for
               that
               the
               Israelites
               the
               seventh
               month
               before
               the
               fiftieth
               yeer
               used
               to
               proclaim
               the
               yeer
               of
               Jubile
               with
               the
               sound
               of
               Trumpets
               :
               furt
               hermore
               the
               Hebrew
               word
               Jobel
               also
               signifies
               remission
               and
               beginning
               ,
               the
               proper
               actions
               for
               the
               yeer
               of
               Jubile
               ,
               for
               then
               the
               Jews
               remitted
               all
               debts
               ,
               and
               returned
               all
               things
               to
               their
               first
               state
               .
            
             
               The
               Pope
               cannot
               concede
               greater
               indulgences
               ,
               then
               those
               which
               are
               granted
               in
               the
               yeer
               of
               Jubile
               ,
               for
               then
               they
               open
               the
               treasury
               of
               the
               Church
               ,
               and
               bestow
               on
               every
               one
               as
               much
               as
               is
               absolutely
               necessary
               for
               him
               ,
               pardoning
               to
               him
               sins
               and
               penances
               ,
               as
               well
               imposed
               as
               not
               imposed
               ,
               freeing
               of
               him
               wholly
               and
               absolutely
               from
               purgatory
               ,
               yea
               although
               he
               should
               have
               forgottē
               his
               mortal
               sins
               in
               his
               confession
               or
               that
               he
               should
               not
               have
               confessed
               the
               Venial
               sins
               (
               for
               t
               is
               not
               of
               necessity
               to
               make
               cōfession
               of
               Venial
               sins
               although
               such
               must
               suffer
               pains
               in
               purgatory
               for
               them
               ,
               if
               they
               be
               not
               in
               some
               way
               cancelled
               in
               this
               world
               )
               in
               such
               manner
               ,
               that
               the
               soul
               that
               in
               that
               time
               shall
               part
               from
               the
               body
               ,
               doth
               instantly
               fly
               to
               enjoyment
               of
               the
               selicity
               of
               Paradise
               .
            
             
               Our
               Jubile
               hath
               certain
               ●…imilitudes
               with
               that
               of
               the
               Jewes
               ,
               for
               that
               they
               proclaimed
               the
               yeer
               before
               ,
               so
               do
               we
               ours
               :
               That
               they
               published
               in
               the
               Piazza●…s
               ,
               we
               ours
               in
               the
               Churches
               :
               that
               they
               with
               Trumpets
               ,
               we
               ours
               with
               the
               voice
               of
               the
               Preachers
               :
               In
               that
               they
               left
               the
               Land
               unmanured
               ,
               ours
               by
               the
               merits
               of
               Christ
               and
               his
               Saints
               supplies
               our
               Labour
               :
               in
               that
               Servants
               became
               free
               ,
               in
               ours
               we
               acquire
               spiritual
               liberty
               with
               pardon
               of
               sins
               and
               penances
               ,
               in
               that
               they
               redeemed
               their
               Credits
               ,
               in
               ours
               we
               receive
               pardon
               for
               our
               offences
               :
               in
               that
               sould
               possessions
               returned
               to
               their
               first
               Patrons
               ,
               in
               ours
               our
               crimes
               being
               cancelled
               the
               power
               and
               virtue
               of
               the
               soul
               is
               vivi●…ied
               :
               in
               that
               banished
               persons
               returned
               to
               their
               Countrey
               ,
               and
               in
               ours
               ,
               who
               departs
               this
               life
               ,
               immediately
               ascends
               to
               the
               heavenly
               Countrey
               .
               
               Boniface
               the
               eighth
               opened
               the
               doors
               of
               the
               Church
               Vaticano
               ,
               and
               bestowed
               most
               ample
               indulgences
               of
               all
               sins
               ;
               Clement
               the
               sixth
               ,
               added
               the
               doors
               of
               the
               Church
               Lateranense
               ,
               ordaining
               as
               is
               above
               declared
               .
               Paulus
               the
               second
               afterwards
               added
               
                 Santa
                 Maria
                 Maggiore
              
               and
               
                 San
                 Paolo
              
               ,
               in
               the
               
                 Via
                 Ostiense
              
               ,
               for
               visitation
               .
               Gregory
               the
               13th
               .
               in
               anno
               1575.
               ordained
               ,
               that
               who
               would
               participate
               the
               grace
               of
               the
               Jubile
               ,
               should
               first
               communicate
               in
               the
               yeer
               of
               Jubile
               :
               allplenary
               indulgences
               are
               understood
               to
               be
               suspended
               with
               certain
               mutations
               of
               words
               ,
               of
               which
               the
               Authors
               treating
               on
               the
               Jubile
               ,
               speak
               to
               that
               purpose
               .
            
             
               The
               Hebrews
               proclaimed
               their
               Jubile
               the
               10th
               day
               of
               the
               seaventh
               moneth
               of
               the
               forty
               and
               ninth
               yeer
               .
               Ours
               ,
               we
               publish
               on
               Ascention
               day
               in
               the
               yeer
               preceding
               the
               twenty
               fifth
               yeer
               ,
               upon
               two
               pulpits
               in
               the
               Church
               
                 San
                 Pietro
              
               ,
               reading
               the
               Popes
               Bull
               in
               Latin
               and
               the
               vulgar
               .
            
             
               We
               begin
               our
               Jubile
               ,
               on
               the
               Vigil
               of
               the
               birth
               day
               of
               our
               Lord
               in
               the
               evening
               ,
               when
               the
               Pope
               with
               great
               solemnity
               opens
               the
               door
               of
               the
               Church
               
                 San
                 Pietro
              
               ,
               which
               at
               all
               other
               times
               stands
               continually
               walled
               up
               :
               and
               he
               causeth
               the
               Lords
               Cardinals
               at
               the
               same
               time
               in
               the
               same
               manner
               ,
               to
               open
               the
               doors
               of
               the
               other
               deputed
               Churches
               ,
               all
               which
               doors
               (
               the
               yeer
               ended
               )
               are
               again
               shut
               up
               .
            
             
               In
               the
               holy
               yeer
               ,
               that
               is
               to
               say
               the
               Jubile
               ,
               resort
               so
               great
               concourse
               of
               People
               from
               all
               Countreys
               to
               Rome
               ,
               that
               historians
               write
               ,
               that
               at
               the
               time
               of
               the
               Jubile
               of
               Pope
               
                 Boniface
                 ,
                 Rome
              
               was
               so
               full
               of
               people
               ,
               that
               one
               could
               hardly
               pass
               in
               the
               City
               ,
               though
               so
               great
               :
               and
               in
               the
               yeer
               1505.
               the
               feet
               of
               Gregory
               the
               thirteenth
               ,
               in
               one
               morning
               were
               kissed
               by
               thirteen
               thousand
               persons
               .
               Clement
               the
               8th
               .
               in
               anno
               1600.
               would
               needs
               wash
               the
               feet
               of
               divers
               Prelates
               ,
               and
               other
               poor
               strangers
               come
               to
               the
               Jubile
               :
               and
               the
               most
               illustrious
               Cardinals
               among
               which
               were
               Montalto
               and
               Farnese
               expressed
               great
               charity
               and
               humility
               to
               poor
               pilgrims
               .
            
             
               That
               t
               is
               convenient
               to
               celebrate
               the
               Jubile
               in
               Rome
               ,
               rather
               then
               any
               other
               City
               is
               maintained
               by
               pregnant
               reasons
               :
               Rome
               is
               the
               most
               worthy
               and
               noble
               of
               all
               other
               Cities
               and
               we
               therefore
               understand
               when
               we
               name
               Citta
               or
               City
               ,
               without
               any
               other
               appellation
               ,
               that
               it
               must
               be
               Rome
               .
               She
               hath
               had
               the
               Empire
               ,
               is
               the
               head
               ,
               the
               Mistris
               ,
               and
               a
               compendium
               of
               the
               World.
               She
               is
               full
               of
               Riches
               :
               hath
               beauty
               in
               her
               Scite
               ,
               her
               Country
               ,
               fertility
               of
               soyl
               ,
               great
               comodiousness
               from
               the
               Navigation
               of
               the
               Tyber
               ,
               and
               the
               proximity
               of
               the
               Sea.
               She
               is
               the
               common
               Countrey
               of
               all
               ,
               and
               in
               her
               are
               of
               all
               Nations
               ,
               and
               every
               people
               may
               there
               find
               a
               proper
               Church
               for
               their
               own
               Nation
               ,
               as
               in
               deed
               most
               Countreys
               have
               .
               There
               Religion
               flourisheth
               more
               than
               elsewhere
               as
               appears
               by
               the
               infinite
               Priests
               and
               Fryers
               ,
               which
               there
               at
               leastwise
               in
               their
               diuine
               duties
               ,
               if
               not
               continually
               praise
               the
               Lord
               and
               pray
               for
               all
               .
               There
               the
               Churches
               are
               much
               visited
               ,
               the
               Poor
               releived
               ,
               the
               virgins
               married
               ,
               and
               many
               other
               pious
               works
               performed
               worthy
               of
               perpetual
               memory
               .
               She
               is
               a
               City
               of
               singular
               sanctity
               ,
               and
               in
               her
               are
               placed
               the
               most
               noted
               things
               appertaining
               to
               our
               Religion
               as
               the
               Manger
               wherein
               our
               Lord
               was
               layed
               at
               his
               birth
               ,
               the
               swa●…ling
               clothes
               ,
               the
               Cradle
               ,
               the
               garment
               ,
               the
               Coronation
               Robe
               ,
               the
               Crown
               of
               thorns
               ,
               the
               Nailes
               ,
               the
               Iron
               of
               the
               Launce
               ,
               the
               eross
               ▪
               and
               the
               Title
               of
               Christ.
               In
               it
               are
               bodies
               of
               Apostles
               ,
               of
               Martyrs
               ,
               
               of
               Confessors
               ,
               of
               Virgins
               ,
               and
               infinite
               Reliques
               of
               Saints
               .
               She
               is
               the
               seat
               of
               the
               Pope
               ,
               who
               is
               Prince
               of
               the
               Church
               ,
               Vicar
               of
               God
               ,
               Pastor
               of
               all
               ,
               who
               when
               abroad
               ,
               is
               beheld
               ,
               admired
               and
               adored
               by
               all
               ,
               every
               one
               seeking
               to
               kiss
               his
               Feet
               ,
               wondring
               at
               the
               grandezza
               of
               the
               Cardinals
               ,
               the
               gravity
               of
               the
               Bishops
               and
               the
               multitude
               of
               the
               Priests
               .
               A
               treasury
               of
               Indulgencies
               in
               Rome
               lye
               continually
               exposed
               to
               whomsoever
               needs
               them
               ,
               where
               in
               former
               times
               the
               Christians
               were
               persecuted
               and
               more
               cruelly
               intreated
               then
               in
               any
               other
               place
               .
               And
               finally
               the
               Faith
               of
               the
               Romans
               was
               and
               is
               such
               ,
               that
               even
               in
               the
               Apostles
               times
               ,
               it
               was
               preached
               through
               the
               world
               ,
               that
               is
               to
               say
               in
               that
               part
               only
               then
               styled
               Roman
               before
               t
               was
               Christianiz'd
               Rome
               ,
               then
               (
               which
               in
               greek
               imports
               strength
               ,
               in
               hebrew
               Greatness
               )
               being
               the
               most
               worthy
               place
               of
               the
               whole
               world
               ,
               with
               good
               reason
               in
               her
               and
               not
               elsewhere
               ,
               ought
               the
               Jubile
               to
               be
               celebrated
               .
            
          
           
             
               The
               Narration
               of
               
                 STEPHANO
                 PIGHIO
              
               touching
               those
               military
               Ensignes
               ,
               which
               the
               Pope
               useth
               to
               bestow
               on
               temporal
               Princes
               .
               CHAP.
               XIII
               .
            
             
               THE
               Roman
               Bishop
               useth
               to
               bestow
               great
               honour
               on
               Princes
               ,
               which
               for
               all
               that
               doth
               seldom
               happen
               ,
               from
               the
               rarity
               of
               the
               occasions
               for
               which
               they
               are
               sought
               .
               This
               custom
               was
               most
               antient
               ,
               begun
               with
               the
               foundation
               of
               the
               holy
               scripture
               in
               the
               history
               of
               the
               Maccabees
               (
               part
               of
               our
               Apocrypha
               )
               as
               we
               read
               in
               the
               15th
               .
               Chapter
               of
               the
               second
               book
               of
               Maccabees
               :
               That
               Judas
               the
               Captain
               of
               the
               Israelite
               Army
               before
               he
               came
               to
               battail
               against
               Nicanor
               ,
               saw
               in
               a
               Vision
               Onias
               the
               high
               Priest
               ,
               holding
               up
               his
               hands
               towards
               Heaven
               ,
               and
               praying
               for
               the
               whole
               people
               of
               the
               Jews
               :
               and
               Jeremias
               the
               Prophet
               ,
               giving
               unto
               him
               the
               said
               Judas
               a
               sword
               of
               gold
               exhorting
               him
               to
               give
               battail
               in
               these
               words
               :
               Take
               this
               holy
               sword
               a
               gift
               from
               God
               ,
               wherewith
               thou
               shalt
               wound
               thy
               adversaries
               ,
               wherewith
               Judas
               being
               comforted
               ,
               drew
               to
               battail
               on
               the
               sabbath
               against
               the
               Enemies
               ,
               and
               behaved
               himself
               so
               well
               ,
               that
               he
               slew
               not
               less
               then
               thirty
               five
               thousand
               Men
               ,
               with
               Nicanor
               their
               Captain
               and
               so
               remained
               victorious
               .
               Hence
               then
               proceeds
               the
               custome
               ,
               that
               the
               Roman
               high
               Priest
               every
               yeer
               ,
               the
               night
               before
               the
               Nativity
               ,
               before
               he
               begins
               the
               Duties
               ,
               blesseth
               and
               consecrateth
               a
               sword
               ,
               with
               the
               scabbard
               ,
               the
               belt
               ,
               and
               the
               pummel
               of
               gold
               ,
               and
               a
               hat
               placed
               on
               the
               top
               of
               it
               ,
               not
               made
               after
               the
               common
               sort
               ,
               of
               Felt
               ,
               but
               of
               the
               finest
               blew
               silk
               ,
               with
               the
               whitest
               Ermine
               skinns
               round
               about
               it
               ,
               and
               a
               Crown
               of
               gold
               enterwoven
               all
               over
               and
               set
               out
               with
               Jewels
               of
               good
               value
               .
               This
               is
               a
               noble
               donative
               wch
               .
               the
               Pope
               provides
               only
               of
               that
               night
               ,
               to
               bestow
               it
               upon
               some
               Christian
               Prince
               ,
               who
               either
               hath
               done
               or
               is
               to
               undertake
               some
               notable
               impress
               for
               the
               Christian
               Religion
               :
               
               nor
               is
               this
               without
               mysteries
               ,
               but
               hath
               many
               ,
               the
               which
               every
               Christian
               Prince
               ought
               to
               know
               ,
               and
               consider
               .
            
             
               The
               
                 Roman
                 Rivale
              
               teacheth
               us
               ,
               that
               the
               sword
               so
               consecrated
               ,
               tipifies
               the
               infinite
               power
               of
               God
               ,
               which
               is
               in
               the
               eternal
               word
               ,
               wherewith
               God
               hath
               created
               all
               things
               :
               Which
               word
               on
               that
               night
               put
               on
               human
               flesh
               ,
               and
               to
               which
               the
               Father
               Eternal
               gave
               all
               Power
               ,
               as
               himself
               declared
               about
               the
               time
               of
               his
               Ascention
               into
               heaven
               ,
               and
               then
               consigned
               it
               to
               Saint
               Peter
               ,
               and
               to
               his
               successors
               ,
               whose
               duty
               t
               is
               to
               govern
               that
               holy
               Church
               then
               newly
               by
               him
               instituted
               ,
               and
               consecrated
               with
               his
               own
               blood
               ,
               against
               which
               hell
               should
               not
               prevail
               :
               Commanding
               that
               they
               should
               teach
               all
               those
               things
               which
               were
               learned
               from
               him
               ,
               and
               to
               invite
               and
               intreat
               ,
               all
               Nations
               (
               through
               Baptism
               and
               the
               Gospel
               )
               to
               enter
               this
               new
               City
               ,
               out
               of
               which
               there
               is
               no
               salvation
               ,
               and
               in
               which
               they
               must
               obey
               the
               Laws
               of
               the
               divine
               Empire
               .
               Who
               is
               not
               surprized
               with
               consideration
               of
               the
               dispensations
               of
               God
               ,
               in
               the
               divine
               Majesties
               election
               of
               this
               City
               Rome
               ,
               for
               the
               head
               and
               bulwark
               of
               the
               Christian
               Republique
               ,
               which
               was
               upon
               the
               point
               at
               that
               time
               Head
               and
               Lady
               of
               the
               whole
               world
               .
               Whence
               Saint
               Peter
               the
               Governour
               of
               the
               first
               Church
               was
               destinated
               to
               this
               Province
               ,
               and
               t
               was
               commanded
               to
               him
               ,
               that
               the
               Cross
               should
               Triumph
               in
               the
               Campidoglio
               ,
               to
               the
               end
               that
               thereby
               and
               thence
               the
               light
               of
               eternal
               truth
               might
               with
               the
               more
               facility
               be
               dispersed
               into
               all
               parts
               .
            
             
               By
               the
               sword
               then
               thus
               consecrated
               is
               denoted
               that
               Empire
               ,
               and
               that
               supreme
               power
               of
               government
               upon
               Earth
               ,
               which
               Christ
               left
               to
               Saint
               Peter
               his
               Vicar
               ,
               and
               to
               his
               successors
               ;
               and
               that
               the
               Roman
               Bishop
               ought
               to
               be
               acknowledged
               for
               the
               head
               of
               Christianity
               ,
               whom
               ,
               all
               those
               that
               tender
               their
               own
               Salvation
               ,
               ought
               to
               obey
               and
               serve
               in
               spirituals
               for
               the
               love
               of
               Christ.
               
            
             
               Furthermore
               that
               sword
               signifies
               ,
               what
               prudence
               ,
               and
               Justice
               ,
               every
               Prince
               ought
               to
               observe
               ,
               and
               because
               the
               sharp
               point
               wounds
               where
               t
               is
               thrust
               on
               by
               the
               hand
               ,
               therefore
               the
               handle
               of
               this
               sword
               is
               adorned
               with
               gold
               ,
               a
               metal
               which
               amongst
               the
               Antients
               imported
               Wisdom
               ,
               whereby
               the
               Prince
               ought
               to
               learn
               ,
               that
               near
               his
               hands
               wisdome
               must
               have
               her
               seate
               ,
               that
               so
               he
               may
               not
               transact
               any
               thing
               rashly
               ,
               nor
               without
               due
               consideration
               ,
               Gold
               hath
               been
               taken
               for
               the
               Symbol
               of
               Wisdome
               ,
               from
               her
               similitude
               in
               Excellency
               ,
               for
               as
               the
               one
               surpasseth
               and
               mastereth
               all
               metals
               in
               goodness
               and
               value
               ,
               so
               Prudence
               or
               Wisdome
               ,
               as
               we
               may
               say
               ,
               surpasseth
               and
               overcometh
               all
               other
               things
               ,
               And
               this
               caused
               Solomon
               in
               his
               proverbs
               to
               make
               his
               exhortation
               saying
               ,
               My
               Son
               possess
               thou
               Wisdome
               ,
               which
               is
               better
               than
               Gold
               ,
               and
               get
               thou
               Prudence
               ,
               for
               this
               is
               more
               pretious
               than
               Silver
               ,
               Saint
               John
               in
               the
               Apocalyps
               calleth
               wisdome
               enflamed
               Gold
               ,
               which
               penetiates
               the
               breast
               with
               the
               ardour
               of
               the
               holy
               Spirit
               .
               The
               Magi
               offered
               Gold
               to
               Christ
               then
               an
               Infant
               ,
               and
               the
               Egyptians
               were
               despoyled
               of
               their
               Gold
               by
               the
               Israelites
               ,
               the
               one
               and
               the
               other
               thereby
               signifying
               ,
               Wisdome
               in
               a
               mistical
               sence
               ;
               and
               t
               was
               so
               in
               truth
               spoken
               literally
               as
               our
               histories
               relate
               Plato
               (
               whose
               doctrine
               did
               not
               much
               disagree
               from
               the
               Christian
               )
               often
               compares
               Wisdome
               and
               the
               Beauty
               of
               the
               mind
               to
               pure
               gold
               .
               Finally
               the
               Aunt
               and
               Gryphen
               of
               India
               signified
               no
               other
               thing
               wch
               .
               Animals
               (
               as
               antiquity
               feigned
               )
               got
               together
               as
               much
               gold
               as
               possibly
               they
               could
               and
               afterwards
               
               kept
               it
               with
               diligence
               :
               even
               so
               Wisdome
               is
               not
               to
               be
               had
               without
               labour
               ,
               and
               noblenesse
               of
               mind
               ;
               the
               Aunt
               here
               being
               an
               embleme
               of
               a
               laborious
               Creature
               ,
               and
               the
               Gryffen
               (
               feigned
               to
               proceed
               from
               the
               copulation
               of
               an
               Eagle
               and
               a
               Lyon
               )
               here
               represents
               the
               greatness
               of
               mind
               .
               Whence
               the
               same
               antients
               wisely
               and
               properly
               dedicated
               the
               Aunt
               and
               the
               Gryffen
               to
               Apollo
               the
               God
               of
               wisdome
               .
            
             
               Moreover
               the
               sword
               signifies
               the
               Tongue
               ,
               the
               best
               and
               worst
               member
               in
               Man
               ,
               as
               it
               happens
               to
               be
               imployed
               :
               and
               therefore
               the
               antient
               said
               ,
               that
               evil
               spoken
               men
               carryed
               a
               sword
               in
               their
               mouth
               :
               and
               Diogenes
               the
               Cynick
               ,
               seeing
               a
               fair
               young
               man
               to
               speak
               dishonestly
               ,
               sayed
               to
               him
               ,
               art
               thou
               not
               ashamed
               ,
               to
               draw
               a
               sword
               of
               Lead
               out
               of
               an
               ivory
               scabbard
               ?
               and
               in
               Isaiah
               we
               read
               
                 Posuit
                 os
                 meum
                 quasi
                 gladium
                 acutum
                 :
              
               and
               Christ
               in
               the
               Gospel
               saies
               .
               
                 Non
                 veni
                 pacem
                 mittere
                 sed
                 gladium
                 ,
              
               where
               we
               see
               ,
               that
               by
               the
               sword
               is
               intended
               the
               word
               preached
               from
               God
               ;
               and
               so
               in
               other
               places
               of
               Scripture
               under
               the
               name
               word
               ,
               is
               comprehended
               the
               tongue
               or
               the
               sword
               wherefore
               aptly
               also
               to
               our
               purpose
               it
               may
               receive
               the
               same
               signification
               ,
               the
               Pope
               giving
               to
               understand
               to
               Princes
               ,
               that
               they
               in
               particular
               ought
               to
               have
               their
               tongue
               and
               speech
               adorned
               with
               Gold
               ,
               that
               is
               to
               say
               clothed
               with
               wisdom
               and
               prudence
               ,
               with
               which
               sword
               they
               ought
               to
               separate
               the
               good
               thoughts
               from
               the
               bad
               ,
               and
               by
               their
               wise
               counsels
               to
               penetrate
               and
               see
               into
               the
               very
               hearts
               of
               others
               .
            
             
               To
               this
               misterious
               sword
               the
               holy
               Pope
               adjoyns
               a
               belt
               interwoven
               with
               gold
               ,
               which
               even
               of
               old
               was
               a
               sign
               of
               Majesty
               and
               military
               dignity
               :
               well
               then
               may
               the
               Prince
               (
               on
               whom
               t
               is
               bestowed
               )
               apprehend
               the
               exhortation
               by
               it
               given
               him
               ,
               to
               demean
               himself
               well
               for
               the
               holy
               Church
               against
               all
               factions
               .
            
             
               The
               Hat
               ,
               which
               is
               the
               covering
               of
               the
               head
               ,
               the
               most
               noble
               part
               of
               man
               ,
               is
               an
               Ensigne
               of
               nobility
               and
               liberty
               ,
               which
               hat
               also
               antiently
               was
               wont
               to
               be
               made
               in
               the
               form
               of
               a
               half
               sphere
               ,
               as
               t
               were
               one
               part
               of
               a
               great
               egg
               divided
               just
               in
               the
               midst
               ,
               but
               in
               later
               times
               our
               modern
               ar●…ificers
               not
               apprehending
               the
               significations
               ,
               or
               willing
               to
               fructifie
               humours
               ,
               make
               it
               after
               another
               fashion
               .
               It
               s
               round
               form
               putting
               us
               in
               minde
               of
               Heaven
               ,
               by
               which
               we
               are
               covered
               ,
               and
               adviseth
               the
               Prince
               ,
               to
               direct
               all
               his
               actions
               to
               the
               glory
               of
               God
               ,
               and
               the
               benefit
               of
               his
               soul
               ,
               for
               whose
               eternal
               dwelling
               were
               the
               Heavens
               made
               :
               the
               celestial
               colour
               of
               the
               said
               hat
               denotes
               the
               same
               thing
               .
            
             
               The
               white
               colour
               of
               the
               skins
               and
               the
               Pearl
               ,
               signifies
               that
               sincerity
               and
               purity
               of
               the
               mind
               wherewith
               the
               Prince
               ought
               to
               be
               endowed
               ,
               to
               the
               end
               he
               may
               in
               the
               end
               accomplish
               a
               concomitance
               with
               those
               most
               sacred
               minds
               ,
               the
               wch
               to
               that
               time
               he
               hath
               or
               ought
               to
               have
               endeavoured
               to
               imitate
               with
               all
               clearness
               of
               conscience
               .
               The
               Colour
               white
               ,
               hath
               been
               alwaies
               esteemed
               gratefull
               to
               the
               Almighty
               ,
               being
               a
               mark
               of
               Inocency
               &
               therfore
               from
               great
               antiquity
               all
               men
               in
               the
               duty
               of
               sacrifice
               used
               to
               cloth
               themselves
               therwith
               ;
               Pythagoras
               his
               sentence
               is
               ,
               that
               every
               white
               thing
               is
               good
               .
               Fully
               in
               his
               second
               book
               
                 De
                 legibus
              
               saies
               ,
               that
               white
               is
               very
               agreeable
               to
               God.
               We
               might
               also
               bring
               testimonies
               to
               this
               purpose
               from
               Cicero
               and
               others
               ,
               but
               to
               what
               end
               should
               we
               search
               prophane
               authors
               :
               since
               Christ
               himself
               
               in
               his
               glorious
               Transfiguration
               made
               himself
               obvious
               to
               many
               ,
               clothed
               with
               rayments
               white
               as
               snow
               :
               and
               the
               Angels
               also
               who
               were
               at
               the
               sepulchre
               of
               our
               Lord
               the
               morning
               of
               his
               resurrection
               day
               ,
               when
               the
               women
               went
               to
               seek
               after
               the
               most
               holy
               body
               ,
               presented
               themselves
               in
               whitegarments
               :
               from
               the
               above
               specified
               records
               the
               Prince
               is
               advised
               of
               the
               nature
               of
               that
               Animal
               the
               Ermine
               ,
               off
               which
               those
               skins
               are
               taken
               ,
               for
               the
               Ermine
               is
               infinitly
               neat
               ,
               and
               enemie
               to
               filthiness
               and
               durt
               ,
               in
               so
               much
               that
               the
               mouth
               of
               their
               Cave
               being
               environed
               by
               the
               hunters
               with
               dirt
               ,
               they
               do
               rather
               expose
               themselvs
               to
               be
               taken
               then
               to
               run
               for
               their
               escape
               through
               dirt
               to
               defile
               themselves
               .
            
             
               All
               which
               things
               then
               advise
               us
               .
               That
               God
               does
               expect
               in
               us
               ,
               Cleaness
               of
               heart
               ,
               sincerity
               of
               tongue
               ,
               wisedom
               of
               mind
               ,
               elevation
               of
               the
               understanding
               and
               prudence
               in
               our
               actions
               .
               whereof
               his
               Holinesse
               by
               that
               beatified
               sword
               adorned
               in
               the
               aforecited
               manner
               ,
               intends
               to
               give
               the
               Prince
               a
               continual
               remembrance
               ,
               that
               in
               goodness
               and
               works
               he
               ought
               to
               surpasse
               all
               other
               sort
               of
               people
               in
               an
               eminent
               degree
               ,
               begin
               by
               the
               omnipotent
               God
               in
               the
               government
               of
               the
               world
               made
               so
               much
               superiour
               to
               all
               other
               People
               .
            
             
               The
               Prince
               at
               the
               reception
               of
               this
               gift
               ,
               kneels
               down
               ,
               and
               the
               Pope
               then
               gives
               it
               him
               ,
               exhorting
               him
               by
               many
               expressions
               to
               be
               a
               good
               souldier
               of
               Christ
               :
               Then
               the
               Prince
               acknowledging
               the
               Pope
               as
               Vicar
               of
               God
               returns
               his
               thanks
               in
               Latin
               ,
               swearing
               that
               he
               will
               not
               lay
               any
               thing
               more
               to
               heart
               ,
               then
               a
               correspondence
               by
               his
               actions
               ,
               with
               the
               desire
               of
               his
               holiness
               ,
               and
               all
               other
               Christian
               Princes
               :
               afterwards
               he
               delivers
               the
               Sword
               to
               his
               most
               noble
               and
               chief
               Minister
               who
               bears
               it
               before
               the
               Cross
               while
               the
               Pope
               goes
               out
               of
               the
               Vestry
               .
               At
               last
               ,
               having
               had
               a
               congratulation
               from
               the
               Cardinals
               and
               Embassadors
               ,
               and
               taken
               leave
               ,
               the
               Prince
               with
               the
               sword
               born
               up
               before
               him
               ,
               being
               accompanyed
               by
               the
               Governors
               of
               the
               Castle
               ,
               Saint
               Angelo
               ,
               by
               the
               Comptrolor
               of
               the
               Pallace
               ,
               by
               all
               the
               Nobility
               ,
               by
               the
               Pontifical
               Family
               ,
               and
               the
               Palatine
               Court
               ,
               with
               great
               Pomp
               and
               the
               sounding
               of
               Trumpets
               and
               noise
               of
               Drumms
               ,
               he
               marcheth
               out
               of
               the
               Palace
               by
               the
               military
               Porticue
               ,
               thus
               attended
               to
               his
               own
               Dwelling
               .
            
          
           
             
               Of
               the
               increases
               of
               the
               TYBER
               .
            
             
               CHAP.
               XIV
               .
            
             
               ON
               the
               9th
               .
               day
               of
               November
               in
               the
               yeer
               1379.
               the
               Tyber
               rise
               three
               braces
               or
               yards
               ,
               and
               the
               mark
               of
               it
               may
               be
               seen
               at
               
                 Santa
                 Maria
                 Della
                 Minerva
              
               .
            
             
               In
               1422.
               on
               Saint
               Andrews
               day
               under
               Pope
               Martin
               it
               rose
               above
               a
               brace
               and
               halfe
               .
            
             
               In
               1476.
               the
               eighth
               of
               January
               a
               little
               above
               the
               Channell
               Shores.
               
            
             
             
               In
               1495.
               in
               December
               being
               the
               third
               yeer
               of
               the
               Papacy
               of
               Alexander
               the
               sixth
               ,
               it
               augmented
               thirteen
               foot
               ,
               and
               a
               little
               after
               in
               Leo
               the
               10ths
               time
               somewhat
               more
               .
            
             
               In
               1530.
               
               Under
               Clement
               the
               7th
               .
               on
               the
               8th
               and
               9th
               .
               dayes
               of
               October
               it
               encreased
               twenty
               four
               feet
               ,
               the
               mark
               of
               it
               appears
               at
               Saint
               Eustachio
               ,
               upon
               a
               wall
               in
               the
               midst
               of
               
                 Santa
                 Maria
                 del
                 Popolo
              
               ,
               and
               in
               Castle
               Saint
               Angelo
               ,
               where
               the
               Governor
               
                 Guidon
                 de
                 Medici
              
               then
               caused
               a
               signal
               to
               be
               made
               of
               it
               .
            
             
               In
               1542.
               it
               rose
               ,
               and
               of
               that
               rise
               
                 Maria
                 Molza
              
               speaks
               elegantly
               .
            
             
               In
               1589.
               the
               24th
               .
               of
               December
               ,
               in
               the
               7th
               .
               yeer
               of
               Clement
               the
               VIII
               .
               it
               rose
               with
               so
               vast
               a
               destruction
               to
               the
               City
               Rome
               ,
               that
               there
               remains
               no
               memorial
               of
               the
               like
               :
               at
               which
               time
               the
               Pope
               was
               but
               just
               returned
               from
               Ferrara
               ,
               being
               then
               lately
               received
               and
               restored
               to
               the
               Apostolick
               Chair
               .
               Whence
               we
               may
               receive
               for
               truth
               this
               maxime
               ,
               that
               sorrow
               &
               wailing
               are
               the
               subsequents
               of
               Joy.
               The
               Pope
               had
               enough
               to
               do
               for
               all
               the
               following
               yeer
               ,
               to
               repair
               the
               structreus
               which
               by
               that
               inundation
               were
               ruinated
               ,
               and
               to
               restore
               Rome
               to
               a
               convenient
               condition
               against
               the
               yeer
               of
               Jubile
               ,
               which
               happened
               in
               anno
               .
               1600.
               
               The
               curious
               are
               referred
               to
               the
               tracts
               of
               
                 Lodovico
                 Genesio
              
               and
               
                 Giacomo
                 Castiglione
              
               .
            
          
           
             
               Touching
               the
               preserving
               ones
               health
               in
               ROME
               .
            
             
               UPON
               this
               subject
               wrote
               
                 Alesandrio
                 Petronio
              
               a
               Roman
               Phisition
               and
               
                 Marsilio
                 Cognato
              
               of
               Verona
               ,
               a
               Phisicion
               also
               at
               Rome
               ,
               in
               his
               book
               of
               observing
               a
               rule
               in
               diet
               ,
               in
               the
               four
               books
               of
               his
               divers
               lectures
               ,
               and
               others
               also
               to
               be
               found
               in
               Rome
               also
               :
               
                 Girolamo
                 Mercurio
              
               ,
               speaks
               somethings
               of
               it
               in
               his
               various
               readings
               .
            
             
               The
               air
               of
               
                 Rome
                 is
                 thick
              
               ,
               and
               ill
               tempered
               ,
               wherefore
               you
               ought
               to
               abstain
               from
               walking
               abroad
               ,
               at
               such
               times
               as
               the
               Sun
               does
               not
               subt
               elize
               it
               ,
               that
               the
               sky
               is
               not
               serene
               ;
               that
               is
               early
               in
               morn
               ,
               or
               els
               late
               at
               night
               ,
               or
               when
               the
               weather
               is
               disturbed
               or
               foggy
               .
            
             
               In
               the
               Church
               
                 Santa
                 Maria
                 della
                 Minerva
              
               ,
               you
               may
               read
               these
               verses
               to
               the
               purpose
               of
               preserving
               health
               in
               Rome
               .
               
                 
                   Enecat
                   insolitos
                   residentes
                   pessimus
                   aer
                
                 
                   Romanus
                   ,
                   solitos
                   non
                   bene
                   gratus
                   habet
                   .
                
                 
                   Hîc
                   tu
                   quo
                   vivas
                   ,
                   lux
                   septima
                   det
                   medicinam
                   ,
                
                 
                   Absit
                   odor
                   faedus
                   ,
                   sitque
                   labor
                   levior
                   .
                
                 
                   Pelle
                   famem
                   frigus
                   ,
                   fructus
                   ;
                   femurque
                   relinque
                
                 
                   Nec
                   placeat
                   gelido
                   fonte
                   levare
                   sitim
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   Romes
                   evil
                   air
                   the
                   stranger
                   kills
                
                 
                   Brings
                   to
                   its
                   Natives
                   unwelcome
                   ills
                
                 
                 
                   who
                   'l
                   live
                   the
                   seaventh
                   day
                   Physick
                   must
                
                 
                   Nor
                   noysome
                   smells
                   ,
                   nor
                   labour
                   trust
                
                 
                   Hunger
                   and
                   Cold
                   ,
                   avoid
                   ,
                   Fruit
                   and
                   Venus
                   fly
                
                 
                   Cold
                   water
                   drink
                   not
                   though
                   nere
                   so
                   dry
                   .
                
              
            
          
           
             
               The
               Wines
               drunk
               in
               ROME
               .
            
             
               They
               drink
               in
               Rome
               the
               best
               wines
               ,
               as
               hereafter
               followeth
               .
            
             
               
                 
                   Vin
                   greco
                   di
                   Somma
                
                 ,
                 the
                 best
                 white
                 ,
                 growes
                 in
                 the
                 
                   Terra
                   di
                   Lavoro
                
                 in
                 the
                 
                   Monte
                   Vesuvio
                
                 .
                 named
                 
                   di
                   Somma
                
                 ,
                 from
                 the
                 Castle
                 Somma
                 ,
                 which
                 stands
                 at
                 the
                 foot
                 of
                 it
                 .
              
               
                 Chiarello
                 a
                 brisk
                 white
                 wine
                 from
                 Naples
                 .
              
               
                 Latino
                 a
                 mean
                 wine
                 from
                 Naples
                 .
              
               
                 Asprino
                 a
                 white
                 wine
                 from
                 Naples
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 stiptick
                 ,
                 or
                 as
                 we
                 may
                 say
                 
                   astringent
                   .
                   Mazzacani
                
                 ,
                 a
                 small
                 white
                 Wine
                 from
                 Naples
                 .
              
               
                 D'Ischia
                 ,
                 the
                 best
                 Greek
                 wine
                 ,
                 this
                 Island
                 is
                 under
                 Naples
                 .
              
               
                 Salerno
                 white
                 and
                 red
                 .
              
               
                 Sanseveren
                 white
                 and
                 red
                 both
                 good
                 ,
              
               
                 
                   Corso
                   d'Elba
                
                 ,
                 a
                 strong
                 white
                 .
              
               
                 
                   Corso
                   di
                   Brada
                
                 a
                 gross
                 white
                 .
              
               
                 
                   Corso
                   di
                   Loda
                
                 a
                 heady
                 white
                 .
              
               
                 From
                 the
                 River
                 of
                 Genoua
                 ,
                 white
                 and
                 red
                 ,
              
               
                 Gilese
                 ,
                 white
                 and
                 red
                 ,
                 small
                 ,
                 and
                 wholsome
                 .
              
               
                 
                   Ponte
                   Reali
                
                 ,
                 from
                 Genoua
                 ,
                 white
                 ,
                 small
                 and
                 healthfull
                 .
              
               
                 
                   Moscatello
                   di
                   Sardia
                
                 of
                 a
                 deep
                 colour
                 ,
                 small
                 ,
                 and
                 wholesome
                 .
              
               
                 
                   Vindellia
                   Tata
                
                 from
                 the
                 Genoueses
                 ,
                 smal
                 and
                 wholesome
              
               
                 Lacrima
                 ,
                 the
                 best
                 red
                 .
              
               
                 Romanesco
                 ,
                 small
                 white
                 ,
                 of
                 divers
                 tastes
                 .
              
               
                 Albano
                 white
                 and
                 red
                 .
              
               
                 
                   De
                   Paolo
                
                 ,
                 indifferent
                 white
                 .
              
               
                 
                   Di
                   Francia
                
                 ,
                 moderate
                 red
                 .
              
               
                 Salino
                 ,
                 mean
                 white
                 and
                 red
                 from
                 Tivoli
                 ,
                 and
                 Velletri
                 .
              
               
                 From
                 Segno
                 moderate
                 .
              
               
                 Magnaguerra
                 ,
                 the
                 best
                 red
                 .
              
               
                 
                   Castle
                   Gandolfo
                
                 ,
                 the
                 best
                 white
                 .
              
               
                 
                   Della
                   Riccia
                
                 ,
                 the
                 best
                 white
                 ,
                 but
                 small
                 ,
                 made
                 Respise
                 wine
                 .
              
               
                 Malvasia
                 ,
                 from
                 Gandia
                 .
              
               
                 Moscatello
                 ,
                 the
                 best
                 and
                 most
                 excelling
                 wine
                 of
                 Italy
                 .
              
            
             
               Of
               the
               divers
               sorts
               and
               kindes
               of
               wine
               some
               Italian
               Physicians
               have
               also
               written
               :
               to
               wit
               
                 Giacòmo
                 Prefetto
                 Netino
              
               printed
               in
               Venice
               in
               anno
               1559.
               
               
                 Gio
                 Battista
                 Confalonieri
              
               of
               Verona
               ,
               printed
               in
               Basilea
               1539.
               
               
                 Andrea
                 Baccio
              
               stampt
               in
               Rome
               in
               the
               yeer
               1597.
               
            
             
               And
               now
               ,
               not
               recollecting
               any
               thing
               more
               to
               be
               spoken
               of
               to
               the
               purpose
               of
               this
               small
               tract
               ,
               concerning
               Rome
               ,
               we
               will
               make
               a
               conclusion
               with
               certain
               verses
               writin
               praise
               of
               her
               ,
               that
               we
               may
               observe
               the
               same
               method
               we
               began
               with
               ,
               in
               our
               discourse
               of
               Rome
               to
               wit
               her
               due
               comendations
               .
            
          
           
             
             
               Verses
               composed
               by
               
                 Faustus
                 Sabeus
              
               a
               Brescian
               in
               praise
               of
               ROME
               .
            
             
               
                 ENCOMION
                 .
              
               
                 MArtia
                 progenies
                 ,
                 quae
                 montibus
                 excitat
                 urbem
                 ,
              
               
                 Civibus
                 &
                 ditat
                 ,
                 conjugibusque
                 beat
                 .
              
               
                 Tutaturque
                 armis
                 ,
                 Patribus
                 dat
                 jura
                 vocatis
                 .
              
               
                 Jam
                 repetit
                 caelum
                 Post
                 data
                 jura
                 Jovi
                 .
              
               
                 De
                 nihilo
                 imperium
                 ut
                 strueres
                 ,
                 te
                 hac
                 Romule
                 causa
                 .
              
               
                 Gignit
                 ,
                 alit
                 ,
                 servat
                 ,
                 Mars
                 ,
                 Lupa
                 ,
                 Tibris
                 aqua
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 Encomion
                 Julii
                 Caesaris
                 Scaligeri
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 Vos
                 ,
                 septemgemini
                 ,
                 caelestia
                 Pignora
                 ,
                 montes
                 ,
              
               
                 Vosque
                 trumphali
                 maenia
                 structa
                 manu
                 ,
              
               
                 Testor
                 ,
                 adeste
                 ,
                 audite
                 sacri
                 commercia
                 cautes
                 ,
              
               
                 Et
                 Latios
                 animos
                 in
                 mea
                 vota
                 date
                 ,
              
               
                 Vobis
                 dicturus
                 meritis
                 illustribus
                 urbes
                 ,
              
               
                 Has
                 ego
                 Primitias
                 ,
                 primaque
                 sacra
                 fero
              
               
                 Qui
                 te
                 unam
                 laudant
                 ,
                 omnes
                 comprenderit
                 ,
                 orbem
              
               
                 Non
                 urbe●…
                 ,
                 qui
                 te
                 noverit
                 ,
                 ille
                 canet
                 .
              
            
             
               The
               End
               of
               the
               Second
               Part.
               
            
          
        
         
           
           
             THE
             HISTORY
             OF
             ITALY
             ,
             CONTAINING
             The
             VOYAGES
             and
             JOURNEYS
             FROM
             ROME
             TO
             NAPLES
             ,
          
           
             The
             Third
             PART
             .
          
           
             
               From
               NAPLES
               to
               POZZUOLO
               ,
               With
               the
               Return
               to
               TIVOLI
               .
            
             
               TRavailing
               from
               Rome
               by
               the
               
                 Via
                 Latina
              
               ,
               to
               Marino
               ,
               you
               pass
               between
               great
               ruins
               of
               many
               famous
               Villages
               ,
               the
               which
               were
               no
               less
               rich
               then
               numerously
               disperst
               over
               the
               
                 Tusculan
                 Champaigne
              
               and
               the
               Apenine
               Hill
               during
               the
               flourishing
               age
               of
               the
               Roman
               Empire
               :
               and
               hence
               t
               is
               that
               the
               old
               Town
               Mariana
               ,
               will
               derive
               her
               Original
               name
               from
               the
               Castle
               Marino
               .
               On
               the
               right
               hand
               whereof
               ,
               lyes
               near
               the
               
                 villa
                 Luculliana
              
               of
               the
               Lieinij
               ,
               &
               the
               
                 Villa
                 Murentana
              
               ,
               famous
               for
               the
               Tusculane
               questions
               of
               
                 Mar
                 cus
                 Tullius
                 Cicero
              
               ,
               His
               immortal
               testimony
               of
               Morality
               and
               Learning
               :
               At
               this
               day
               t
               is
               called
               Frascati
               ,
               and
               is
               distant
               from
               Rome
               twelve
               miles
               :
               in
               this
               circuit
               you
               may
               ,
               also
               behold
               the
               Ville
               or
               Manor
               Houses
               of
               
               the
               Portii
               ,
               and
               of
               many
               other
               the
               prime
               Persons
               of
               the
               Roman
               Republick
               ,
               whom
               we
               finde
               recorded
               by
               
                 Strabo
                 ,
                 Pliny
                 ,
                 Seneca
                 ,
                 Plutarch
                 ,
              
               and
               other
               writers
               .
            
             
               Departing
               thence
               turn
               towards
               the
               
                 Strada
                 Appia
              
               ,
               leaving
               Veletri
               on
               the
               left
               hand
               ,
               where
               the
               Ancestors
               of
               Augustus
               were
               born
               ,
               and
               on
               the
               right
               hand
               Aricia
               ,
               now
               called
               Ricia
               ,
               and
               
                 Lo
                 Spechio
              
               ,
               or
               the
               looking
               glass
               of
               
                 Diana
                 Trem●…rense
              
               ,
               as
               Servius
               calls
               the
               Lake
               near
               that
               Castle
               ,
               which
               Lake
               is
               consecrated
               to
               
                 Diana
                 Taurica
              
               ,
               together
               with
               the
               wood
               famous
               for
               the
               fiction
               of
               Acteon
               ,
               and
               a
               Temple
               named
               Artimisio
               by
               Strabo
               .
               Heretofore
               this
               was
               a
               famous
               place
               for
               the
               old
               ,
               but
               barbarous
               Religion
               ,
               instituted
               in
               that
               place
               by
               Orene
               and
               Iphegene
               ,
               to
               wit
               the
               custom
               of
               the
               Scythians
               ,
               the
               sacrificing
               with
               humane
               blood
               :
               Here
               was
               that
               Temple
               ,
               whither
               the
               Fugitives
               brought
               from
               Tauri
               the
               Image
               of
               Diana
               hid
               in
               a
               pyle
               of
               wood
               ,
               whence
               in
               Italy
               they
               gave
               the
               Surname
               of
               Fascilede
               and
               Fascilina
               ,
               to
               Diana
               :
               but
               of
               this
               superstition
               shall
               we
               with
               better
               conveniency
               treat
               in
               another
               place
               .
            
             
               Pursue
               the
               Journey
               just
               to
               the
               Pontine
               Fens
               ,
               where
               at
               a
               little
               distance
               ,
               lye
               the
               
                 Tres
                 Tabernae
              
               or
               three
               Taverns
               the
               famous
               Hostery
               on
               the
               
                 Via
                 Appia
              
               mentioned
               in
               the
               28th
               .
               Chapter
               of
               the
               Acts
               :
               which
               are
               distant
               from
               Arelia
               eleaven
               miles
               and
               from
               Rome
               thirty
               three
               ,
               as
               is
               clearly
               demonstrated
               by
               the
               antient
               
                 Roman
                 Itineraries
              
               ,
               and
               the
               very
               distance
               of
               the
               places
               :
               they
               are
               indifferent
               entire
               ,
               being
               built
               as
               the
               other
               Fabricks
               of
               the
               Romans
               of
               great
               stones
               and
               bricks
               in
               squares
               .
               Saint
               Luke
               writes
               in
               the
               Acts
               of
               the
               Apostles
               that
               certain
               Brothers
               yet
               Fresh
               men
               (
               as
               we
               call
               them
               at
               Oxford
               )
               in
               the
               Faith
               of
               Christ
               ,
               left
               Rome
               and
               came
               to
               meet
               Saint
               Paul
               as
               far
               as
               the
               
                 Tres
                 Tabernae
              
               ,
               at
               such
               time
               as
               he
               was
               transmitted
               as
               a
               criminal
               Person
               with
               a
               guard
               of
               Souldiers
               from
               Judea
               to
               Rome
               by
               
                 Portius
                 Festus
              
               the
               Procurator
               .
               Thence
               leaving
               the
               Stra●…
               or
               street
               Appia
               ,
               (
               as
               it
               may
               be
               called
               from
               the
               former
               beauty
               ,
               testified
               by
               the
               ruines
               of
               Houses
               and
               Tombs
               ,
               &c.
               on
               each
               side
               )
               carried
               through
               the
               
                 Pontine
                 Fens
              
               with
               vast
               expence
               though
               now
               wholly
               obstructed
               and
               impassable
               ,
               through
               the
               waters
               of
               the
               Fens
               ,
               the
               ruine
               of
               structures
               and
               fall
               of
               Bridges
               ,
               you
               are
               necessitated
               to
               take
               a
               long
               journey
               ,
               by
               the
               Volsci
               ,
               the
               foot
               of
               the
               Apenines
               ,
               the
               craggy
               and
               sharp
               Rocks
               of
               Mountains
               to
               Terracina
               .
               You
               shall
               see
               Setia
               on
               the
               left
               hand
               ,
               celebrated
               by
               the
               old
               Poets
               for
               the
               goodness
               of
               the
               wines
               ,
               and
               going
               more
               onward
               you
               leave
               behind
               you
               in
               the
               plain
               the
               walls
               of
               Priverno
               destroyed
               by
               the
               Germans
               and
               Brittons
               ,
               as
               
                 Biondo
                 testifies
              
               :
               where
               in
               the
               circumspection
               remember
               that
               Ca●…illa
               exercised
               the
               Empire
               of
               the
               Volsci
               .
               Thence
               passing
               by
               
                 Priverno
                 Novello
              
               now
               Piperno
               scituate
               in
               the
               adjacent
               Mountain
               ,
               round
               which
               runs
               the
               River
               An●…asceno
               ,
               you
               may
               behold
               before
               your
               eyes
               ,
               though
               at
               some
               distance
               ,
               the
               Coasts
               of
               the
               Mediterranian
               Sea
               ,
               and
               some
               Promontories
               ,
               which
               seem
               as
               it
               were
               disjoyned
               from
               the
               Terrafirma
               ,
               the
               firm
               Land
               ,
               of
               old
               full
               of
               famous
               Castles
               ,
               and
               now
               little
               lesse
               then
               wholly
               abandoned
               .
               There
               will
               appear
               to
               you
               ,
               in
               what
               scite
               AEneas
               built
               Lavinium
               in
               those
               dayes
               ,
               and
               where
               the
               City
               La●…rentum
               stood
               near
               the
               sacred
               Fountain
               ,
               and
               the
               Lake
               of
               AEneas
               or
               of
               
                 Jove
                 Indigete
              
               .
               Furthermore
               ,
               there
               is
               demonstrable
               ,
               where
               stood
               Ardea
               the
               City
               of
               King
               Turnus
               ,
               and
               Antium
               the
               head
               of
               the
               Volsci
               ,
               together
               with
               the
               famous
               Temple
               of
               Fortune
               ,
               and
               where
               Astura
               ,
               
               in
               famous
               (
               that
               we
               may
               not
               call
               it
               famous
               )
               for
               the
               death
               of
               
                 Marcus
                 Tullius
                 Cicero
              
               ,
               the
               Dictator
               ,
               so
               active
               and
               famous
               .
            
             
               Thence
               also
               will
               your
               eyes
               meet
               the
               situation
               of
               the
               house
               of
               Circe
               the
               Sorceress
               ,
               celebrated
               in
               the
               fictions
               of
               Poets
               ,
               of
               old
               an
               Island
               ,
               now
               a
               most
               high
               Promontory
               ,
               placed
               upon
               certain
               Rocks
               over
               the
               Sea
               conjoyned
               to
               the
               
                 Terra
                 firma
              
               ,
               by
               the
               Plashes
               of
               water
               ,
               and
               Fennish
               hills
               ,
               full
               of
               woods
               and
               Trees
               ,
               where
               Fame
               saies
               that
               Circe
               the
               most
               beautifull
               Daughter
               of
               the
               Sun
               transformed
               her
               guests
               into
               beasts
               and
               Cattel
               by
               her
               Magick
               Art
               (
               which
               if
               not
               credible
               )
               let
               's
               beleeve
               she
               did
               it
               by
               her
               whorish
               Art.
               
            
             
               Strabo
               saies
               ,
               that
               in
               the
               time
               of
               Augustus
               here
               was
               apparent
               a
               Temple
               of
               Circe
               ,
               an
               Altar
               of
               Minerva
               ,
               and
               that
               Goblet
               which
               Ulysses
               made
               use
               of
               ,
               when
               his
               companions
               were
               metamorphosed
               into
               beasts
               as
               Homer
               in
               his
               verses
               declares
               .
               They
               assert
               commonly
               that
               in
               truth
               the
               mountain
               abounds
               with
               various
               plants
               of
               occult
               vertue
               and
               with
               infinite
               rare
               herbes
               ,
               and
               that
               thence
               this
               Fable
               had
               its
               Original
               .
               For
               the
               relaters
               of
               Natural
               causes
               averr
               ,
               that
               Circe
               .
               
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
              
               ,
               in
               Greek
               ,
               signifies
               the
               revolving
               of
               the
               Sun
               ,
               through
               whose
               heat
               ,
               and
               the
               reflex
               of
               the
               Summer
               Raies
               ,
               the
               plants
               and
               animated
               things
               receive
               vigour
               ,
               and
               mutation
               .
               Thence
               then
               departing
               ,
               you
               must
               passe
               through
               the
               humid
               and
               large
               
                 Pontine
                 Campagna
                 ,
              
               :
               which
               is
               divided
               in
               the
               midst
               by
               the
               
                 Strada
                 Appia
                 Regina
              
               ,
               (
               the
               Queen
               of
               streets
               as
               we
               may
               call
               it
               ,
               )
               from
               the
               Mauseoli
               ,
               the
               Sepulchres
               ,
               Temples
               ,
               Villages
               ,
               and
               Palaces
               ,
               wherewith
               t
               was
               once
               proudly
               adorned
               on
               both
               sides
               ,
               now
               only
               miserable
               reliques
               of
               its
               former
               lustre
               lying
               dejectedly
               and
               dispersedly
               in
               the
               waters
               .
            
             
               
                 TARRACINA
                 .
              
               
                 WAS
                 an
                 antient
                 Colony
                 of
                 the
                 Romans
                 ,
                 and
                 first
                 of
                 the
                 Volsci
                 ,
                 t
                 was
                 first
                 called
                 Anxur
                 ,
                 or
                 Ansure
                 ,
                 as
                 most
                 suppose
                 in
                 the
                 greek
                 Language
                 ,
                 from
                 a
                 certain
                 place
                 sacred
                 to
                 Jupiter
                 called
                 Ansure
                 the
                 most
                 famous
                 and
                 most
                 antient
                 ;
                 which
                 they
                 say
                 the
                 
                   Spart
                   ans
                
                 built
                 in
                 that
                 very
                 place
                 ,
                 in
                 the
                 same
                 form
                 ,
                 as
                 is
                 that
                 of
                 the
                 
                   Dea
                   Feronia
                
                 ,
                 in
                 the
                 Pontine
                 Fields
                 ,
                 built
                 by
                 the
                 Sircei
                 ,
                 and
                 Rutili
                 ,
                 who
                 through
                 the
                 rigidness
                 of
                 Lycurgus
                 his
                 Laws
                 deserted
                 their
                 Countrey
                 ,
                 and
                 after
                 long
                 voyages
                 fixed
                 their
                 abode
                 in
                 the
                 maritime
                 confines
                 of
                 Italy
                 ,
                 as
                 
                   Dionysius
                   Halicarnasseus
                
                 in
                 his
                 second
                 book
                 of
                 Antiquities
                 sets
                 forth
                 :
                 Virgil
                 also
                 makes
                 mention
                 of
                 such
                 a
                 name
                 in
                 the
                 eighth
                 of
                 his
                 AEneides
                 standing
                 on
                 the
                 Circean
                 Mountain
                 in
                 these
                 verses
                 .
                 
                   
                     Circiumque
                     jugum
                     queis
                     Jupiter
                     Anxurus
                     oris
                     Praesidet
                     .
                  
                
              
               
                 Upon
                 which
                 Servius
                 in
                 his
                 Comentary
                 gives
                 the
                 derivation
                 of
                 Anxur
                 in
                 these
                 words
                 ,
                 
                   Circa
                   tractum
                   Campaniae
                   ,
                   colebatur
                   puer
                   Jupiter
                   ,
                   qui
                   Anxurus
                   dicebatur
                   ,
                   quasi
                   ,
                
                 
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                
                 ,
                 
                   id
                   est
                   sine
                   novacula
                
                 ,
                 because
                 that
                 
                   Jupiter
                   imberbis
                
                 was
                 there
                 worshipt
                 :
                 and
                 he
                 saies
                 in
                 another
                 place
                 ,
                 
                   Feroniam
                   Junonem
                   virginem
                   ait
                   existimatam
                   fuisse
                   ,
                   veluti
                   Jovem
                   Anxurum
                   ,
                   vel
                   sine
                   novacula
                   ,
                   et
                   perinde
                   non
                   abrasum
                   ;
                   qui
                   coleretur
                   Tarracinae
                   ,
                   quae
                   etiam
                   Anxurum
                   aliquando
                   dicta
                   fuit
                   .
                
                 And
                 I
                 remember
                 my self
                 to
                 
                 have
                 seen
                 a
                 marble
                 Altar
                 dedicated
                 by
                 vow
                 to
                 Jove
                 ,
                 a
                 childe
                 ,
                 as
                 its
                 antient
                 inscription
                 testifyed
                 .
              
               
                 Strabo
                 writes
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 Graecians
                 called
                 her
                 by
                 another
                 name
                 to
                 wit
                 Trachina
                 ,
                 as
                 much
                 as
                 to
                 say
                 sharp
                 ,
                 from
                 the
                 greek
                 word
                 
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                
                 being
                 seated
                 on
                 a
                 sharp
                 and
                 stony
                 mounta
                 in
                 ;
                 from
                 which
                 word
                 it
                 seems
                 likely
                 the
                 Romans
                 took
                 the
                 name
                 Tarracina
                 as
                 is
                 evident
                 by
                 some
                 antique
                 inscriptions
                 :
                 for
                 all
                 which
                 ,
                 according
                 to
                 this
                 form
                 I
                 conceive
                 we
                 ought
                 to
                 correct
                 whatever
                 word
                 we
                 meet
                 with
                 differing
                 from
                 this
                 as
                 we
                 find
                 in
                 the
                 fourth
                 of
                 
                   Titus
                   Livius
                   .
                   Anxur
                   fuit
                   quae
                   nunc
                   Tarracinae
                   sunt
                   ,
                   urbs
                   prona
                   ,
                   paludes
                   :
                
                 He
                 seems
                 to
                 have
                 in
                 his
                 mind
                 the
                 sharp
                 and
                 stony
                 Horatian
                 Countrey
                 ,
                 when
                 he
                 so
                 gratiously
                 describes
                 this
                 very
                 voyage
                 of
                 the
                 
                   Strada
                   Appia
                
                 in
                 the
                 second
                 book
                 ,
                 
                   
                     Ora
                     manusque
                     tua
                     lavimus
                     Feronia
                     lympha
                     ,
                  
                   
                     Millia
                     tum
                     pransi
                     tria
                     repsimus
                     atque
                     subimus
                     .
                  
                   
                     Impositum
                     saxis
                     late
                     candentibus
                     Anxur
                     .
                  
                
              
               
                 Tarracina
                 is
                 scituate
                 three
                 miles
                 off
                 the
                 Temple
                 of
                 Feronia
                 in
                 the
                 
                   Circean
                   Promontory
                
                 ,
                 in
                 the
                 
                   Strada
                   Appia
                
                 ;
                 which
                 heretofore
                 as
                 Solinus
                 testifies
                 ,
                 was
                 environed
                 by
                 the
                 Sea
                 ,
                 now
                 a
                 populous
                 though
                 small
                 Countrey
                 :
                 whereof
                 that
                 part
                 towards
                 the
                 Sea
                 is
                 fertile
                 and
                 pleasant
                 ,
                 of
                 old
                 most
                 adorned
                 and
                 pompous
                 ,
                 through
                 the
                 gardens
                 Palaces
                 and
                 possessions
                 of
                 the
                 Romans
                 ,
                 who
                 were
                 rich
                 and
                 potent
                 ,
                 whereof
                 some
                 Reliques
                 and
                 ruines
                 lye
                 scattered
                 here
                 and
                 there
                 ,
                 as
                 also
                 some
                 footsteps
                 of
                 that
                 famous
                 Port
                 which
                 
                   Antoninus
                   Pius
                
                 restored
                 with
                 so
                 vast
                 expence
                 .
                 A
                 part
                 also
                 of
                 the
                 Temple
                 of
                 
                   Jupiter
                   Imberbis
                
                 yet
                 stands
                 in
                 the
                 Walls
                 of
                 the
                 Dome
                 ,
                 as
                 the
                 vast
                 Marbles
                 and
                 pieces
                 of
                 Pillars
                 witness
                 ;
                 before
                 it
                 are
                 some
                 old
                 inscriptions
                 with
                 a
                 Pillar
                 to
                 Theodorick
                 for
                 having
                 dryed
                 the
                 Fens
                 and
                 renewed
                 the
                 way
                 as
                 by
                 this
                 appears
                 .
                 
                   
                     Inclyta
                     Gothorum
                     Regis
                     monumenta
                     vetusta
                  
                   
                     Anxurei
                     hoc
                     oculis
                     exposuere
                     loco
                     .
                  
                
              
               
                 The
                 
                   Strada
                   Appia
                
                 is
                 compacted
                 of
                 solid
                 stones
                 and
                 even
                 all
                 the
                 way
                 to
                 Fondi
                 ,
                 which
                 may
                 well
                 entertain
                 the
                 Pilgrim
                 with
                 its
                 marvellous
                 structure
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 consideration
                 of
                 its
                 old
                 Fragments
                 ,
                 and
                 above
                 all
                 where
                 t
                 is
                 cut
                 out
                 of
                 most
                 hard
                 milstones
                 ,
                 and
                 reduced
                 to
                 a
                 direct
                 plain
                 by
                 chizels
                 of
                 Iron
                 even
                 to
                 the
                 Promontory
                 of
                 Tarracina
                 .
                 The
                 Spectator
                 rests
                 stupid
                 at
                 the
                 evēness
                 of
                 the
                 straight
                 way
                 for
                 foot
                 Passengers
                 ,
                 at
                 the
                 length
                 of
                 the
                 stones
                 ,
                 some
                 being
                 little
                 lesse
                 than
                 20
                 paces
                 long
                 and
                 three
                 broad
                 ,
                 adorned
                 with
                 ridges
                 or
                 cuts
                 for
                 the
                 drynesse
                 of
                 the
                 way
                 for
                 passengers
                 ,
                 and
                 at
                 every
                 ten
                 foot
                 are
                 stones
                 raised
                 for
                 the
                 more
                 easy
                 getting
                 up
                 on
                 horsback
                 or
                 into
                 Cart.
                 Who
                 is
                 not
                 astonisht
                 at
                 the
                 solid
                 wall
                 of
                 the
                 same
                 white
                 Rock
                 ,
                 whereon
                 are
                 distinguishable
                 every
                 ten
                 foots
                 distance
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 great
                 number
                 of
                 those
                 ten
                 feet
                 described
                 and
                 easily
                 to
                 be
                 seen
                 ?
                 Who
                 is
                 not
                 pleased
                 with
                 the
                 design
                 of
                 those
                 characters
                 so
                 well
                 made
                 ,
                 and
                 with
                 so
                 good
                 proportion
                 :
                 and
                 who
                 is
                 not
                 amazed
                 to
                 see
                 those
                 Tombes
                 and
                 Marbles
                 on
                 the
                 waies
                 ,
                 of
                 old
                 adorned
                 with
                 triumphs
                 of
                 enemies
                 now
                 deprived
                 wholly
                 of
                 all
                 their
                 fair
                 habiliments
                 ?
                 By
                 these
                 ways
                 it
                 seemed
                 good
                 to
                 the
                 antients
                 to
                 propagae
                 the
                 majesty
                 ,
                 and
                 authority
                 
                 of
                 the
                 Roman
                 Empire
                 through
                 the
                 world
                 ,
                 and
                 to
                 cause
                 by
                 those
                 vast
                 Labours
                 and
                 cost
                 their
                 greatness
                 and
                 power
                 to
                 be
                 feared
                 by
                 Forraign
                 Chiefs
                 and
                 Embassadors
                 repairing
                 from
                 beyond
                 the
                 Seas
                 and
                 the
                 Alpes
                 to
                 Rome
                 ;
                 that
                 they
                 might
                 be
                 Astonisht
                 with
                 the
                 Ornaments
                 of
                 Italy
                 and
                 Rome
                 .
                 All
                 which
                 things
                 represent
                 to
                 the
                 present
                 age
                 the
                 vastness
                 of
                 the
                 Fabricks
                 in
                 past
                 times
                 ,
                 though
                 now
                 appearing
                 little
                 less
                 than
                 deformed
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 FONDI
                 .
              
               
                 FONDI
                 is
                 but
                 a
                 small
                 Castle
                 ,
                 but
                 placed
                 in
                 an
                 admirable
                 scite
                 ,
                 in
                 the
                 plain
                 of
                 the
                 
                   Strada
                   Appia
                
                 ,
                 and
                 is
                 as
                 we
                 may
                 say
                 ,
                 risen
                 out
                 of
                 the
                 ruines
                 of
                 the
                 antient
                 perfection
                 of
                 Towns
                 ,
                 whch
                 bore
                 the
                 same
                 name
                 ,
                 whereof
                 some
                 Fragments
                 yet
                 appear
                 in
                 the
                 adjacent
                 Fens
                 near
                 the
                 Lake
                 Fondano
                 .
                 To
                 speak
                 of
                 it
                 with
                 authority
                 take
                 these
                 verses
                 of
                 a
                 certain
                 German
                 Poet.
                 
                 
                   
                     Collibus
                     hinc
                     ,
                     atque
                     inde
                     Lacu
                     ,
                     simul
                     aequore
                     cinctum
                     .
                  
                   
                     Citria
                     cui
                     florent
                     hortis
                     è
                     littore
                     Myrti
                  
                   
                     Hesperidum
                     decus
                     ,
                     et
                     benevolentia
                     culta
                     Diones
                     :
                  
                
              
               
                 In
                 our
                 times
                 this
                 Castle
                 received
                 a
                 foul
                 disgrace
                 from
                 the
                 hands
                 of
                 
                   Hariadeno
                   Barbarossa
                
                 Captain
                 of
                 the
                 Turkish
                 Armada
                 ,
                 who
                 by
                 a
                 suddain
                 in
                 road
                 took
                 it
                 ,
                 leading
                 away
                 all
                 the
                 Souldiers
                 and
                 Inhabitants
                 sacking
                 the
                 Castle
                 ,
                 prophaning
                 the
                 Churches
                 ,
                 and
                 arrived
                 at
                 his
                 Gallies
                 clapt
                 all
                 his
                 prisoners
                 into
                 Chains
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 
                   Strada
                   Appia
                
                 is
                 the
                 largest
                 ,
                 and
                 was
                 the
                 famousest
                 among
                 the
                 other
                 twenty
                 eight
                 streets
                 or
                 ways
                 of
                 note
                 ,
                 which
                 took
                 beginning
                 at
                 Rome
                 ,
                 and
                 was
                 called
                 the
                 Queen
                 of
                 streets
                 :
                 because
                 that
                 by
                 it
                 passed
                 to
                 Rome
                 such
                 as
                 came
                 triumphing
                 from
                 the
                 East
                 .
                 
                   Appio
                   Claudio
                
                 made
                 it
                 as
                 far
                 as
                 Capua
                 ,
                 and
                 Caligula
                 caused
                 it
                 to
                 be
                 paved
                 with
                 square
                 stones
                 ,
                 and
                 lastly
                 Trajane
                 renewed
                 and
                 restored
                 it
                 to
                 Brandizzo
                 ,
                 beautifying
                 it
                 on
                 each
                 side
                 with
                 a
                 green
                 hedge
                 of
                 Laurels
                 ,
                 Bayes
                 ,
                 Pomgranats
                 ,
                 and
                 Mastick
                 trees
                 :
                 pursuing
                 this
                 way
                 before
                 arrival
                 at
                 Fondi
                 you
                 meet
                 the
                 
                   Mons
                   〈◊〉
                
                 ,
                 noted
                 amongst
                 the
                 antients
                 for
                 the
                 good
                 wine
                 it
                 bore
                 as
                 Martial
                 saith
                 .
                 
                   
                     Caecuba
                     Fundanis
                     generosa
                     coquntur
                     ahenis
                     .
                  
                
              
               
                 And
                 leaving
                 Fondi
                 for
                 Gaeta
                 ,
                 in
                 the
                 way
                 you
                 see
                 the
                 
                   Villa
                   Formiana
                
                 famous
                 for
                 Cicero's
                 slaughter
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Castle
                 Itri
                 ,
                 scituate
                 among
                 certain
                 hills
                 ,
                 most
                 fruitfull
                 in
                 Figs
                 ,
                 Olives
                 ,
                 and
                 other
                 fruit
                 .
                 Mola
                 of
                 old
                 called
                 
                   Formia
                   Formosa
                
                 from
                 the
                 gardens
                 ,
                 lies
                 thirty
                 stades
                 thence
                 ;
                 a
                 stade
                 being
                 125
                 paces
                 ,
                 eight
                 whereof
                 make
                 an
                 English
                 mile
                 .
                 Thence
                 three
                 miles
                 taking
                 the
                 right
                 hand
                 you
                 arrive
                 at
                 Gaeta
                 ,
                 which
                 Country
                 ,
                 although
                 all
                 along
                 it
                 be
                 but
                 a
                 bank
                 ,
                 is
                 so
                 well
                 cultivated
                 ,
                 and
                 so
                 lovely
                 adorned
                 ,
                 that
                 it
                 may
                 not
                 only
                 fascinate
                 and
                 entertain
                 the
                 eyes
                 of
                 the
                 Traveller
                 ,
                 but
                 may
                 be
                 said
                 like
                 that
                 in
                 the
                 Fable
                 ,
                 The
                 residence
                 of
                 the
                 Nymphs
                 ,
                 being
                 in
                 truth
                 infinitely
                 pleasant
                 ,
                 and
                 delightfull
                 :
                 on
                 the
                 right
                 hand
                 of
                 it
                 you
                 have
                 the
                 prospect
                 of
                 the
                 Sea
                 ,
                 on
                 the
                 left
                 ,
                 Flowers-Greens
                 and
                 Trees
                 ,
                 which
                 
                 being
                 on
                 this
                 and
                 that
                 side
                 bathed
                 by
                 the
                 murmuring
                 Rivolets
                 ,
                 afford
                 a
                 most
                 excellent
                 savour
                 for
                 refreshing
                 the
                 Travellors
                 wearied
                 senses
              
            
             
               
                 GAETA
                 .
              
               
                 Virgil
                 speaks
                 in
                 honour
                 of
                 GAETA
                 or
                 CAJETA
                 in
                 these
                 verses
                 .
                 
                   
                     Tu
                     quoque
                     littoribus
                     nostris
                     AEneia
                     nutrix
                  
                   
                     AEternam
                     moriens
                     famam
                     Cajeta
                     dedisti
                     .
                  
                
              
               
                 GAETA
                 enjoyeth
                 a
                 Port
                 and
                 a
                 Fort
                 ,
                 which
                 heretofore
                 Ferdinando
                 King
                 of
                 the
                 Arragonians
                 founded
                 in
                 a
                 Corner
                 of
                 the
                 Promontory
                 towards
                 the
                 East
                 ,
                 having
                 then
                 driven
                 the
                 French
                 out
                 of
                 the
                 Kingdome
                 of
                 Naples
                 :
                 within
                 our
                 memory
                 the
                 Emperor
                 Charls
                 the
                 5th
                 .
                 added
                 to
                 it
                 the
                 neighbouring
                 rock
                 ,
                 conjoyning
                 it
                 by
                 a
                 bridge
                 ,
                 which
                 may
                 be
                 drawn
                 up
                 at
                 pleasure
                 ,
                 to
                 the
                 rock
                 that
                 is
                 highest
                 ,
                 and
                 so
                 redoubled
                 the
                 buildings
                 ,
                 augmenting
                 its
                 strength
                 ,
                 with
                 Towers
                 and
                 ramparts
                 ,
                 and
                 enclosing
                 the
                 whole
                 mountain
                 ,
                 joyned
                 it
                 to
                 the
                 City
                 by
                 Ditches
                 and
                 Walls
                 :
                 from
                 which
                 Towers
                 (
                 such
                 is
                 their
                 contrivance
                 )
                 the
                 Port
                 and
                 the
                 City
                 though
                 lying
                 much
                 lower
                 ,
                 receive
                 a
                 perfect
                 defence
                 and
                 protection
                 :
                 being
                 alwaies
                 guarded
                 with
                 a
                 good
                 garison
                 of
                 Spanish
                 Souldiers
                 :
                 nor
                 is
                 any
                 person
                 permitted
                 to
                 enter
                 ,
                 neither
                 stranger
                 Townesman
                 or
                 Country
                 man.
                 
              
               
                 The
                 City
                 therefore
                 may
                 be
                 well
                 esteemed
                 secure
                 ,
                 since
                 so
                 well
                 provided
                 for
                 by
                 art
                 ,
                 with
                 all
                 those
                 Forts
                 bulwarks
                 ,
                 &c.
                 and
                 by
                 nature
                 ,
                 by
                 its
                 own
                 scituation
                 ,
                 having
                 contiguous
                 with
                 it
                 ,
                 that
                 Promontory
                 as
                 t
                 were
                 hanging
                 over
                 it
                 ,
                 and
                 almost
                 round
                 it
                 the
                 waters
                 of
                 the
                 Sea
                 ,
                 being
                 as
                 t
                 were
                 in
                 a
                 Peninsula
                 ,
                 having
                 but
                 a
                 narrow
                 Isthmus
                 to
                 come
                 to
                 it
                 by
                 Land
                 ,
                 excellently
                 defended
                 by
                 a
                 bridge
                 ,
                 a
                 Gate
                 ,
                 a
                 Fort
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Sea
                 waters
                 on
                 each
                 side
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Promontory
                 shews
                 it self
                 with
                 two
                 Heads
                 ,
                 on
                 that
                 side
                 regarding
                 the
                 Mediterranean
                 ,
                 lies
                 the
                 City
                 on
                 the
                 plainest
                 and
                 levelled
                 part
                 ,
                 on
                 the
                 other
                 Cliffs
                 ,
                 Rocks
                 ,
                 and
                 Praecipices
                 which
                 extend
                 into
                 the
                 Sea
                 ;
                 t
                 is
                 open
                 from
                 top
                 to
                 bottom
                 ,
                 occasioned
                 by
                 a
                 great
                 earthquake
                 ,
                 and
                 that
                 a
                 long
                 time
                 since
                 ,
                 such
                 many
                 times
                 happening
                 in
                 these
                 parts
                 of
                 Italy
                 .
                 The
                 old
                 Poets
                 and
                 Prophets
                 sometimes
                 called
                 
                   Neptune
                   ,
                   Ennosigaeo
                
                 ,
                 and
                 Sifittone
                 ,
                 for
                 that
                 as
                 they
                 feigned
                 he
                 turned
                 upside
                 down
                 the
                 foundations
                 of
                 the
                 mountains
                 with
                 his
                 Trident.
                 The
                 Inhabitants
                 and
                 neighbouring
                 people
                 in
                 boats
                 with
                 great
                 devotion
                 row
                 into
                 that
                 wide
                 space
                 ,
                 and
                 religiously
                 reverence
                 the
                 place
                 :
                 for
                 that
                 they
                 certainly
                 believe
                 that
                 mountain
                 was
                 thus
                 cleft
                 in
                 sunder
                 by
                 an
                 earthquake
                 ,
                 at
                 the
                 time
                 our
                 Redeemer
                 Jesus
                 Christ
                 suffered
                 upon
                 the
                 Cross
                 for
                 the
                 salvation
                 of
                 mankind
                 :
                 as
                 in
                 the
                 holy
                 Gospel
                 we
                 find
                 it
                 written
                 ,
                 that
                 at
                 that
                 time
                 the
                 Mountains
                 ,
                 and
                 stones
                 were
                 rent
                 in
                 sunder
                 .
                 in
                 the
                 midst
                 of
                 the
                 opening
                 of
                 this
                 mountain
                 ,
                 stands
                 a
                 Church
                 and
                 a
                 very
                 rich
                 Monastery
                 dedicated
                 to
                 the
                 most
                 sacred
                 and
                 great
                 Trinity
                 ,
                 built
                 with
                 the
                 alms
                 of
                 devout
                 souls
                 ,
                 you
                 may
                 there
                 see
                 a
                 vast
                 stone
                 ,
                 so
                 fallen
                 from
                 the
                 top
                 of
                 the
                 mountain
                 
                 that
                 it
                 may
                 be
                 said
                 to
                 be
                 sustained
                 by
                 a
                 miracle
                 between
                 the
                 broken
                 walls
                 of
                 the
                 opening
                 ,
                 where
                 it
                 begins
                 to
                 narrow
                 .
                 There
                 Ferdinand
                 King
                 of
                 Arragonia
                 ,
                 erected
                 a
                 fair
                 Chappel
                 ,
                 dedicating
                 it
                 to
                 the
                 
                   S.
                   S.
                   Trinita
                
                 ,
                 which
                 appears
                 as
                 in
                 the
                 Sea
                 ,
                 and
                 they
                 go
                 to
                 it
                 from
                 the
                 monastery
                 by
                 a
                 way
                 made
                 with
                 hands
                 in
                 the
                 rupture
                 of
                 the
                 Mountain
                 :
                 the
                 broken
                 stones
                 on
                 one
                 side
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 hollowed
                 places
                 whence
                 they
                 fell
                 on
                 the
                 other
                 ,
                 when
                 tom
                 out
                 by
                 the
                 earthquake
                 ,
                 afford
                 an
                 enticing
                 object
                 .
              
               
                 Among
                 other
                 things
                 there
                 worth
                 a
                 view
                 ,
                 is
                 a
                 shrine
                 made
                 by
                 Charls
                 of
                 Bourbon
                 ,
                 a
                 famous
                 though
                 wicked
                 Captain
                 of
                 later
                 times
                 ,
                 who
                 in
                 the
                 bloody
                 assault
                 and
                 sack
                 of
                 Rome
                 dyed
                 of
                 a
                 wound
                 from
                 a
                 gunshot
                 :
                 The
                 bones
                 of
                 this
                 bad
                 man
                 ,
                 are
                 enclosed
                 in
                 a
                 chest
                 or
                 coffin
                 of
                 wood
                 covered
                 with
                 black
                 silk
                 ,
                 and
                 are
                 obvious
                 at
                 the
                 first
                 entrance
                 of
                 the
                 Castle
                 in
                 an
                 eminent
                 place
                 :
                 under
                 it
                 may
                 be
                 read
                 this
                 Epitaph
                 .
                 
                   
                     Francia
                     mi
                     dia
                     la
                     luche
                  
                   
                     Espanna
                     m'es
                     fuerzo
                     ,
                     y
                     ventura
                  
                   
                     Roma
                     mi
                     dia
                     la
                     muerte
                  
                   
                     Gaeta
                     la
                     Sepoltura
                     .
                  
                
              
               
                 Englished
                 thus
                 by
                 
                   Jo.
                   Raymond
                
                 Gent.
                 
                 
                   
                     France
                     gave
                     me
                     breath
                  
                   
                     Spain
                     strength
                     to
                     arms
                     did
                     call
                  
                   
                     Rome
                     gave
                     me
                     death
                  
                   
                     Gaeta
                     Burial
                     .
                  
                
              
            
          
           
             
               
                 But
                 to
                 study
                 brevity
                 ,
                 I
                 have
                 deliberated
                 to
                 run
                 over
                 those
                 things
                 only
                 ,
                 which
                 may
                 afford
                 some
                 fruit
                 in
                 reading
                 and
                 learning
                 to
                 the
                 Ingenious
                 .
              
            
             
               IN
               the
               upper
               part
               of
               the
               Temple
               or
               great
               Church
               they
               shew
               all
               the
               pretious
               gifts
               and
               ornaments
               of
               that
               magnificent
               house
               ,
               wherein
               the
               episcopal
               seat
               was
               at
               first
               placed
               ,
               after
               the
               burning
               and
               destruction
               of
               the
               neighbouring
               Formia
               ,
               bestowed
               on
               it
               by
               the
               cruel
               hands
               of
               the
               Saracens
               .
               Out
               of
               whose
               ruines
               was
               drawn
               that
               huge
               
                 Bacchical
                 Crater
              
               or
               Boul
               ,
               which
               holds
               many
               of
               those
               measures
               of
               wine
               which
               are
               called
               Crati
               or
               runnelets
               t
               is
               made
               of
               the
               whitest
               marble
               and
               is
               now
               applyed
               to
               the
               use
               of
               a
               Font
               for
               holy
               Baptism
               .
               
                 Corona
                 Pighio
              
               reports
               ,
               not
               to
               have
               seen
               a
               Vessel
               (
               of
               that
               sort
               )
               more
               fair
               nor
               perfect
               :
               in
               it
               are
               most
               artificial
               greek
               Carvings
               ,
               so
               well
               wrought
               that
               the
               sculptor
               (
               to
               shew
               his
               own
               satisfaction
               )
               engraved
               his
               proper
               name
               :
               the
               greek
               letters
               engraven
               shew
               Salpion
               an
               Athenian
               to
               be
               the
               Author
               :
               as
               appears
               by
               this
               .
               
                 
                 
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                
              
            
             
               The
               Vessel
               is
               engraven
               with
               excellent
               de
               signe
               and
               grace
               ,
               and
               in
               it
               is
               figured
               Dionysius
               ,
               he
               that
               had
               two
               mothers
               (
               as
               the
               Poets
               say
               )
               &
               was
               of
               the
               nature
               of
               fire
               :
               whom
               Mercury
               by
               commission
               from
               Jupiter
               imediately
               upon
               his
               birth
               took
               and
               caried
               to
               Lucotea
               the
               sister
               of
               his
               mother
               :
               they
               feign
               ,
               that
               this
               Dionysius
               or
               Bacchus
               ,
               was
               begotten
               by
               Jupiter
               on
               Semele
               ,
               who
               being
               ambitious
               of
               equal
               honour
               with
               Juno
               ,
               requested
               of
               Jupiter
               to
               accompany
               her
               in
               his
               divine
               Majesty
               ,
               wherefore
               Jove
               attended
               by
               his
               lightning
               and
               thunder
               came
               to
               her
               ,
               but
               she
               not
               able
               to
               endure
               his
               presence
               ,
               fell
               forth
               with
               in
               travail
               ,
               &
               was
               delivered
               of
               this
               Son
               before
               full
               maturity
               ,
               and
               dyed
               ;
               and
               some
               as
               foolishly
               feign
               ,
               that
               Jupiter
               cut
               a
               hole
               in
               his
               thigh
               ,
               and
               put
               the
               child
               in
               there
               till
               the
               full
               time
               of
               his
               birth
               .
               
                 Orpheus
                 ,
                 Pausanias
              
               ,
               &
               Ovidius
               call
               her
               Matuta
               or
               Nysa
               (
               the
               more
               antient
               poets
               Jno
               )
               who
               they
               say
               gave
               the
               first
               suck
               to
               Bacchus
               a
               boy
               ,
               who
               grown
               to
               more
               bigness
               ,
               was
               delivered
               to
               the
               Nymphes
               to
               be
               brought
               up
               :
               whereof
               Ovid
               in
               the
               third
               of
               his
               Metamorphosis
               speaks
               thus
               
                 
                   Furtum
                   illum
                   primis
                   Ino
                   matertera
                   cunis
                
                 
                   Educat
                   ,
                   inde
                   datum
                   Nymphae
                   Nyseides
                   antris
                
                 
                   Occuluere
                   suis
                   lactisque
                   alimenta
                   dedere
                   .
                
              
            
             
               Here
               then
               may
               she
               be
               seen
               in
               the
               habit
               of
               a
               Matron
               sitting
               upon
               a
               rock
               ,
               receiving
               the
               boy
               brought
               her
               by
               Mercury
               into
               her
               arms
               ,
               swathing
               him
               ,
               and
               hiding
               him
               in
               her
               breasts
               ,
               the
               Satyrs
               and
               Hobgoblins
               dancing
               round
               in
               the
               mean
               time
               to
               the
               sound
               of
               a
               Tabour
               and
               pipe
               .
               Of
               which
               fable
               who
               would
               relate
               all
               the
               mysteries
               ,
               should
               have
               enough
               to
               do
               ;
               wherefore
               we
               will
               reserve
               it
               with
               many
               other
               things
               to
               be
               met
               with
               in
               this
               voyage
               to
               a
               more
               opportune
               place
               ,
               all
               which
               the
               diligent
               Inquisi
               torof
               antiquity
               
                 Corona
                 Pighio
              
               ,
               hath
               communicated
               to
               us
               .
            
             
               At
               Gaeta
               t
               will
               quit
               the
               pains
               of
               climing
               up
               the
               top
               of
               this
               high
               Promontory
               ,
               to
               be
               enabled
               to
               see
               and
               measure
               the
               Mauseolum
               of
               
                 L.
                 Manutius
                 Plancus
                 the
              
               Orator
               a
               Pupil
               of
               Ciceroes
               ,
            
             
               From
               which
               a
               Chronologer
               may
               collect
               ,
               it
               is
               of
               neare
               sixteen
               hundred
               yeers
               standing
               ,
               and
               built
               in
               the
               time
               of
               
                 Augustus
                 Caesar
              
               :
               which
               for
               its
               entirenesse
               on
               every
               side
               of
               the
               sea
               seems
               a
               miracle
               ,
               the
               people
               now
               call
               it
               
                 Torre
                 Orlandina
              
               ,
               the
               reward
               of
               the
               rustickness
               of
               posterity
               ,
               who
               little
               regarding
               the
               antiquity
               of
               history
               ,
               originate
               the
               works
               and
               famous
               deeds
               of
               their
               ancestors
               ,
               at
               their
               own
               time
               ,
               and
               attribute
               them
               to
               whom
               they
               please
               .
               This
               Fabrick
               is
               of
               an
               orbicular
               sorm
               ,
               and
               seems
               to
               be
               made
               of
               the
               same
               architect
               as
               is
               that
               of
               Metellus
               the
               Son
               of
               
                 Quintus
                 Creticus
              
               in
               the
               
                 Strada
                 Appia
              
               :
               being
               composed
               of
               two
               rounds
               or
               circles
               of
               solid
               wall
               ,
               the
               outmost
               whereof
               built
               with
               great
               square
               stones
               contains
               in
               the
               diameter
               28.
               paces
               or
               84
               foot
               whence
               may
               be
               deduced
               the
               great
               largenesse
               of
               the
               Sepulchre
               ,
               by
               reducing
               the
               Line
               of
               the
               Diametre
               into
               a
               Circle
               :
               nor
               does
               the
               heighth
               seem
               lesse
               ,
               for
               as
               much
               as
               the
               eye
               can
               judge
               of
               measure
               :
               being
               raised
               
               by
               27
               stones
               placed
               one
               above
               another
               ,
               of
               a
               foot
               and
               half
               in
               thicknesse
               ;
               on
               the
               top
               of
               which
               is
               layed
               a
               Crown
               figured
               out
               of
               the
               raies
               or
               battlements
               of
               the
               walls
               ,
               pompously
               adorned
               with
               the
               enemies
               armes
               and
               spoiles
               .
            
             
               At
               the
               entrance
               of
               the
               gate
               is
               a
               space
               of
               seven
               foot
               wide
               ,
               made
               out
               of
               the
               in
               ward
               Circle
               ,
               all
               small
               manufacture
               of
               bricks
               ,
               and
               conjoined
               with
               the
               walls
               without
               with
               a
               high
               Arch
               :
               and
               that
               inclosed
               by
               other
               high
               Arches
               represents
               in
               the
               middle
               of
               the
               Mauseolum
               the
               form
               of
               a
               round
               Temple
               ,
               which
               hath
               foure
               large
               receptacles
               for
               preserving
               of
               statues
               .
               The
               inward
               walls
               seem
               to
               be
               pargetted
               most
               neatly
               like
               marble
               ,
               giving
               a
               lustre
               so
               shining
               and
               white
               that
               it
               seems
               like
               glass
               ,
               and
               t
               is
               supposed
               that
               the
               reflection
               of
               the
               snow
               which
               is
               beaten
               in
               ,
               redoubles
               the
               light
               :
               there
               being
               no
               other
               entrance
               for
               any
               then
               at
               the
               door
               ,
               which
               of
               it self
               cannot
               sufficiently
               enlighten
               the
               place
               :
               over
               the
               door
               may
               be
               plainly
               read
               the
               title
               of
               
                 Lucius
                 Plancus
              
               the
               Orator
               ,
               with
               an
               elogie
               of
               his
               enterprises
               ,
               as
               fairely
               engraven
               as
               if
               writ
               on
               a
               Tablet
               :
               whereof
               take
               the
               exact
               copy
               drawn
               out
               by
               
                 Corona
                 Pighio
              
               ,
               the
               best
               corrected
               of
               any
               other
               .
               
                 
                   L.
                   Munatius
                   L.
                   F.
                   L.
                   N.
                   L.
                   Preu
                   .
                
                 
                   Plvncus
                   .
                   Cos.
                   Cens.
                   Imp.
                   Iter.
                   VII
                   .
                   Vir.
                
                 
                   Ep.
                   L
                   ▪
                   Triumph
                   .
                   Ex.
                   Raetis
                   AEdem
                   Saturni
                
                 
                   Fecit
                   de
                   manibis
                   Agros
                   Divisit
                   In
                   Italiae
                
                 
                   Beneventi
                   in
                   Gallia
                   Deduxit
                   Colonias
                   .
                
                 
                   Lugdunum
                   &
                   Rauticam
                   .
                
              
            
             
               From
               whence
               with
               certainty
               we
               collect
               the
               age
               of
               this
               Mauseolum
               ,
               for
               from
               the
               Offices
               and
               Magistracies
               administred
               by
               
                 L.
                 Plancus
              
               nominated
               in
               this
               writing
               ,
               we
               conclude
               it
               must
               be
               built
               fifteen
               or
               sixteen
               yeers
               before
               the
               birth
               of
               our
               Lord
               Christ
               ;
               and
               from
               our
               Annals
               of
               Magistrates
               it
               appears
               ,
               that
               he
               was
               laft
               of
               all
               Censor
               25
               yeers
               after
               his
               Consulacy
               and
               that
               he
               dyed
               in
               that
               dignity
               the
               yeer
               of
               Romes
               Rise
               seaven
               hundred
               &
               thirty
               one
               .
               And
               therefore
               may
               we
               assuredly
               believe
               that
               the
               Title
               making
               mention
               of
               his
               Censor
               ship
               this
               Fabrick
               was
               finished
               a
               little
               after
               his
               death
               and
               this
               inscription
               set
               up
               in
               honour
               of
               him
               ,
               for
               a
               memorial
               of
               his
               high
               dignity
               and
               other
               noble
               impresses
               .
               Thus
               much
               shall
               suffice
               touching
               the
               Mauseolum
               of
               
                 Plancus
                 .
                 Strabo
              
               writes
               that
               the
               Lacedemonians
               who
               came
               in
               old
               time
               to
               inhabite
               there
               ,
               called
               this
               Promontory
               Gaeta
               from
               its
               Obliquity
               ,
               by
               which
               term
               all
               other
               things
               of
               a
               crooked
               nature
               ,
               were
               called
               in
               the
               Spartan
               tongue
               ,
               to
               wit
               
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
              
               and
               this
               gave
               denomination
               to
               the
               Castle
               :
               to
               the
               like
               purpose
               likewise
               we
               read
               that
               the
               antients
               termed
               any
               Dike
               or
               whirlepoole
               ,
               occafioned
               by
               earthquake
               caiaza
               .
               Some
               say
               that
               the
               
                 Trojan
                 Armada
              
               burnt
               it self
               in
               the
               port
               of
               Gaeta
               ,
               and
               that
               t
               was
               therefore
               called
               
                 Apo
                 tou
                 caiein
              
               which
               signifies
               to
               burn
               :
               but
               be
               it
               as
               t
               will
               ,
               the
               better
               part
               of
               antient
               writers
               believe
               with
               Virgil
               the
               Prince
               of
               Poets
               ,
               who
               sings
               ,
               that
               AEneas
               returned
               from
               hell
               named
               the
               place
               Gaeta
               and
               was
               there
               buried
               ,
               from
               whence
               by
               opinion
               of
               the
               antients
               t
               was
               ever
               esteemed
               a
               most
               antique
               place
               .
            
             
               You
               may
               with
               delight
               here
               have
               the
               prospect
               of
               Capua
               ,
               the
               Coun
               ,
               treys
               
                 Falerna
                 ,
                 Stellata
              
               ,
               and
               Leborina
               ,
               the
               most
               beautiful
               parts
               of
               Italy
               ,
               
               whose
               hills
               are
               plentifully
               fraught
               with
               good
               wines
               ,
               whence
               who
               delight
               to
               drink
               well
               and
               to
               be
               intoxicated
               ,
               fetch
               from
               far
               these
               wines
               for
               the
               celebration
               of
               that
               gusto
               ;
               and
               here
               the
               antients
               were
               wont
               to
               say
               ,
               an
               important
               combate
               was
               fought
               between
               the
               Father
               Liberio
               the
               Finder
               of
               wine
               ,
               and
               Ceres
               the
               Goddesse
               who
               was
               the
               Daughter
               of
               Saturnus
               and
               Ope
               and
               wife
               of
               Osyris
               King
               of
               AEgypt
               ,
               whom
               the
               Greeks
               suppose
               to
               have
               first
               invented
               the
               sowing
               of
               wheat
               and
               barley
               ,
               which
               before
               grew
               wilde
               among
               other
               herbs
               ,
               &c.
               
            
             
               The
               Gaetan
               port
               for
               its
               amplitude
               &
               antiquity
               is
               famous
               among
               authors
               ,
               being
               well
               fortifyed
               by
               its
               proper
               scite
               and
               nature
               against
               all
               sto●…my
               winds
               from
               its
               neighbouring
               mountains
               and
               the
               Countrey
               about
               it
               .
               
                 Giulio
                 Capit
              
               ,
               placeth
               the
               Ports
               of
               Gaeta
               and
               Terracina
               ,
               among
               the
               other
               publique
               great
               and
               noble
               Acts
               of
               
                 Antonio
                 Pio
                 Augusto
              
               ,
               as
               if
               formed
               by
               him
               .
            
             
               Taking
               the
               
                 Strada
                 Appia
              
               between
               Mola
               and
               Suessa
               ,
               you
               will
               meet
               some
               grand
               structures
               of
               Sepulchres
               of
               the
               antients
               ,
               but
               laid
               wast
               ,
               and
               among
               other
               that
               which
               is
               shewed
               for
               the
               sepulchre
               of
               
                 Marcus
                 Tullius
                 Cicero
              
               ,
               being
               supposed
               to
               be
               the
               same
               by
               
                 Giovanni
                 Pontano
              
               ,
               in
               whose
               time
               they
               say
               ,
               a
               piece
               of
               Ciceroes
               Epitaph
               was
               there
               found
               .
               Yet
               
                 Corona
                 Pighio
              
               will
               not
               believe
               ,
               that
               Sepulchre
               can
               be
               so
               antient
               :
               t
               is
               built
               orbicular
               ,
               covered
               at
               top
               by
               bricks
               ,
               which
               are
               supported
               by
               a
               pillar
               standing
               in
               the
               midst
               :
               on
               the
               right
               hand
               of
               it
               lies
               the
               port
               ,
               whence
               certain
               stone
               steps
               conduct
               up
               to
               the
               Room
               above
               ,
               which
               are
               filled
               with
               thorns
               and
               bushes
               :
               it
               takes
               name
               from
               the
               Dukes
               Palace
               standing
               opposite
               to
               it
               .
            
             
               
                 SUESSA
                 .
              
               
                 THis
                 City
                 merits
                 a
                 most
                 peculiar
                 view
                 ,
                 being
                 no
                 less
                 famous
                 for
                 its
                 antiquity
                 ,
                 then
                 the
                 frequent
                 recordation
                 of
                 antient
                 writers
                 :
                 in
                 her
                 (
                 as
                 
                   Dionysius
                   Halicarnasseus
                
                 writes
                 in
                 his
                 5th
                 .
                 Book
                 )
                 the
                 Pemetini
                 retired
                 themselves
                 ,
                 when
                 driven
                 out
                 of
                 their
                 Country
                 Pometia
                 ,
                 destroyed
                 by
                 
                   Tarquinius
                   Priscus
                
                 King
                 of
                 the
                 Romans
                 ,
                 whence
                 it
                 began
                 to
                 be
                 called
                 Suessa
                 and
                 now
                 Sessa
                 ,
                 it
                 was
                 also
                 named
                 Suessa
                 by
                 the
                 Aurunci
                 (
                 as
                 Livy
                 testifies
                 )
                 who
                 being
                 overcome
                 by
                 
                   Titus
                   Manlius
                
                 the
                 Consul
                 ,
                 aiding
                 their
                 adversaries
                 the
                 Sidicini
                 ,
                 recovered
                 this
                 place
                 with
                 their
                 wives
                 and
                 Children
                 :
                 This
                 City
                 is
                 scituate
                 in
                 the
                 
                   Campagna
                   Vestina
                
                 near
                 the
                 
                   Monte
                   Massico
                
                 on
                 the
                 
                   Strada
                   Appia
                
                 ,
                 in
                 a
                 pleasant
                 fertile
                 &
                 Country
                 :
                 and
                 was
                 esteemed
                 for
                 being
                 the
                 principal
                 City
                 of
                 the
                 Volsci
                 ,
                 as
                 well
                 as
                 for
                 being
                 a
                 Confine
                 to
                 the
                 Romans
                 :
                 t
                 was
                 made
                 a
                 Colony
                 about
                 440.
                 yeers
                 after
                 the
                 birth
                 of
                 Rome
                 as
                 may
                 be
                 collected
                 from
                 Livy
                 ,
                 though
                 Velius
                 writes
                 ,
                 that
                 people
                 were
                 sent
                 thither
                 and
                 a
                 Colony
                 made
                 three
                 yeers
                 after
                 Luceria
                 :
                 it
                 groaned
                 under
                 frequent
                 losses
                 ,
                 and
                 important
                 destructions
                 ,
                 both
                 in
                 the
                 Carthaginian
                 war
                 ,
                 and
                 in
                 the
                 civil
                 Factions
                 :
                 but
                 afterwards
                 from
                 these
                 misfortunes
                 rousing
                 it self
                 ,
                 it
                 flourished
                 under
                 the
                 Emperors
                 ,
                 chiefly
                 under
                 Adrian
                 and
                 
                   Antonini
                   Pii
                
                 ,
                 as
                 we
                 draw
                 from
                 the
                 Titles
                 of
                 Statues
                 ,
                 from
                 the
                 Elogies
                 ,
                 and
                 inscriptions
                 on
                 Marble
                 Tablets
                 ,
                 extant
                 in
                 divers
                 places
                 thereabouts
                 .
              
               
                 On
                 the
                 right
                 hand
                 of
                 the
                 Church
                 of
                 the
                 Preaching
                 Fryers
                 ,
                 stands
                 
                 the
                 tombe
                 of
                 wood
                 of
                 
                   Augustinus
                   Nifus
                
                 a
                 most
                 learned
                 Philosopher
                 of
                 his
                 times
                 .
              
               
                 Looking
                 towards
                 the
                 Sea
                 ,
                 on
                 the
                 right
                 hand
                 you
                 may
                 observe
                 populous
                 places
                 yet
                 but
                 villages
                 ,
                 excellently
                 cultivated
                 ,
                 which
                 are
                 called
                 the
                 
                   Casati
                   di
                   sessa
                
                 .
              
               
                 At
                 twelve
                 miles
                 distance
                 from
                 Mola
                 you
                 meet
                 the
                 River
                 Liris
                 ,
                 in
                 its
                 descent
                 from
                 the
                 Apenines
                 ,
                 and
                 passage
                 to
                 the
                 Sea
                 ,
                 pleasantly
                 irrigating
                 the
                 neighbouring
                 Meadows
                 .
              
               
                 In
                 these
                 Marius
                 hid
                 himself
                 in
                 his
                 flight
                 from
                 Sylla
                 ,
                 here
                 also
                 lies
                 the
                 
                   Torre
                   di
                   Francolesse
                
                 ,
                 where
                 Hannibal
                 being
                 besieged
                 by
                 
                   Fabius
                   Maximus
                
                 ,
                 escap't
                 through
                 that
                 famous
                 stratagem
                 of
                 making
                 his
                 enemies
                 drunk
                 :
                 these
                 Meadowes
                 were
                 esteemed
                 by
                 the
                 Romans
                 as
                 highly
                 as
                 any
                 under
                 their
                 dominions
                 ,
                 as
                 may
                 be
                 easily
                 comprehended
                 from
                 Cicero
                 ,
                 who
                 magnifies
                 beyond
                 measure
                 the
                 
                   Strada
                   Herculatea
                
                 ,
                 calling
                 it
                 a
                 way
                 of
                 great
                 delights
                 and
                 Riches
                 ;
                 contiguous
                 lies
                 the
                 
                   Monte
                   Caecubo
                
                 ,
                 famous
                 for
                 being
                 the
                 producer
                 of
                 so
                 generous
                 wine
                 ,
                 and
                 for
                 having
                 such
                 celebrious
                 Fens
                 near
                 ;
                 which
                 very
                 much
                 pleased
                 Flaccus
                 when
                 he
                 praised
                 the
                 Attick
                 victory
                 of
                 Augustus
                 in
                 these
                 verses
                 .
                 
                   
                     Quando
                     repostum
                     Cecubum
                     ,
                     ad
                     festas
                     dapes
                  
                   
                     Victore
                     laetus
                     Caesare
                     ,
                  
                   
                     Tecum
                     sub
                     alta
                     (
                     sic
                     Jovi
                     gratum
                     )
                     domo
                  
                   
                     Beate
                     Maecenas
                     bibam
                     ?
                  
                
              
               
                 This
                 River
                 Liris
                 terminated
                 old
                 Latium
                 ,
                 which
                 passed
                 ,
                 you
                 came
                 into
                 the
                 Meadows
                 Minturna
                 asore
                 specified
                 ,
                 where
                 you
                 may
                 see
                 the
                 
                   Monte
                   Massico
                   and
                   Falerno
                   ,
                   Sinvessa
                
                 and
                 Minturna
                 and
                 divers
                 others
                 places
                 ,
                 whose
                 description
                 you
                 'l
                 meet
                 with
                 under
                 Scotio
                 ,
                 in
                 the
                 mean
                 time
                 behold
                 Capua
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 CAPUA
                 .
              
               
                 Capua
                 of
                 old
                 the
                 head
                 of
                 the
                 Champain
                 ,
                 then
                 was
                 stigmatized
                 with
                 the
                 Character
                 of
                 great
                 arrogancy
                 and
                 wilful
                 obstinacy
                 as
                 a-among
                 others
                 may
                 be
                 collected
                 from
                 
                   Marcus
                   Tullius
                
                 ,
                 who
                 speaking
                 against
                 
                   Publius
                   Rullus
                
                 ,
                 Protests
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 Campani
                 the
                 inhabitants
                 of
                 the
                 Plain
                 or
                 Champain
                 ,
                 are
                 haughty
                 minded
                 and
                 proud
                 of
                 the
                 goodness
                 of
                 their
                 Fields
                 ,
                 the
                 quantity
                 of
                 fruits
                 ,
                 the
                 wholesome
                 air
                 and
                 beauty
                 of
                 their
                 City
                 ;
                 From
                 which
                 abundance
                 sprung
                 that
                 foolish
                 request
                 which
                 the
                 Campani
                 made
                 ,
                 to
                 wit
                 that
                 one
                 o●…
                 the
                 Consuls
                 might
                 be
                 chosen
                 out
                 of
                 Capua
                 ;
                 whose
                 delights
                 were
                 such
                 ,
                 that
                 they
                 overcame
                 and
                 enervated
                 the
                 army
                 of
                 Hannibal
                 ;
                 before
                 his
                 arrival
                 there
                 ,
                 invincible
                 and
                 powerfull
                 above
                 all
                 others
                 :
                 Cicero
                 calls
                 Capua
                 the
                 Seate
                 of
                 pride
                 ,
                 and
                 mansion
                 of
                 delights
                 ,
                 and
                 saies
                 that
                 it
                 creates
                 in
                 the
                 people
                 such
                 customes
                 as
                 if
                 they
                 proceded
                 from
                 the
                 principal
                 of
                 generation
                 ,
                 when
                 it
                 may
                 be
                 rather
                 supposed
                 they
                 happen
                 from
                 the
                 nature
                 and
                 air
                 of
                 the
                 place
                 ,
                 and
                 custom
                 of
                 living
                 and
                 eating
                 ,
                 and
                 hence
                 it
                 falls
                 out
                 for
                 the
                 most
                 part
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 genius
                 of
                 the
                 place
                 generates
                 inhabitants
                 like
                 it self
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 new
                 Capua
                 is
                 scituate
                 on
                 the
                 banks
                 of
                 the
                 river
                 Vulturnus
                 ,
                 two
                 
                 miles
                 distant
                 from
                 the
                 old
                 Capua
                 ,
                 the
                 delight
                 of
                 Hannibal
                 ,
                 and
                 Paragon
                 with
                 Rome
                 and
                 Carthage
                 ;
                 where
                 the
                 ruines
                 of
                 Theatres
                 ,
                 Acqueducts
                 ,
                 Temples
                 ,
                 Porticoes
                 ,
                 Baths
                 ,
                 Palaces
                 ,
                 and
                 other
                 Structures
                 shew
                 its
                 former
                 magnificence
                 :
                 there
                 also
                 may
                 be
                 seen
                 many
                 great
                 subterranean
                 vaults
                 and
                 conservatories
                 for
                 water
                 ,
                 and
                 pieces
                 of
                 vast
                 columns
                 ,
                 sufficient
                 testimonies
                 of
                 the
                 power
                 and
                 pride
                 of
                 the
                 old
                 Capua
                 ,
                 although
                 the
                 new
                 adjacent
                 City
                 hath
                 drawn
                 thence
                 a
                 great
                 part
                 of
                 those
                 infinite
                 reliques
                 .
                 Strabo
                 will
                 have
                 Capua
                 to
                 be
                 named
                 from
                 the
                 Champain
                 ,
                 and
                 
                   Publius
                   Maro
                
                 likewise
                 ,
                 who
                 calls
                 the
                 City
                 Campana
                 as
                 also
                 Tullius
                 and
                 Livius
                 ,
                 its
                 Citizens
                 and
                 the
                 other
                 inhabitants
                 Campani
                 ,
                 from
                 their
                 manuring
                 great
                 Fields
                 ,
                 in
                 that
                 happy
                 plain
                 of
                 Campania
                 ,
                 now
                 
                   Terra
                   di
                   Lavore
                
                 ,
                 which
                 most
                 Authors
                 as
                 well
                 modern
                 as
                 old
                 ,
                 extol
                 for
                 the
                 most
                 fruitful
                 plat
                 of
                 earth
                 in
                 the
                 Universe
                 :
                 in
                 a
                 word
                 t
                 was
                 the
                 subject
                 of
                 Virgils
                 Georgicks
                 .
                 Yet
                 the
                 Poets
                 
                   Maro
                   ,
                   Lucan
                   ,
                   Silius
                
                 and
                 other
                 sings
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 
                   Capi
                   Trojani
                
                 companions
                 of
                 AEneas
                 gave
                 to
                 it
                 Inhabitants
                 ,
                 walls
                 ,
                 and
                 denomination
                 .
              
               
                 Of
                 her
                 were
                 first
                 Patrones
                 ,
                 the
                 Opici
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Ausoni
                 ,
                 and
                 afterwards
                 the
                 Osci
                 a
                 Tuscan
                 People
                 ,
                 from
                 whom
                 t
                 was
                 called
                 Osca
                 ,
                 as
                 Strabo
                 writes
                 :
                 these
                 latter
                 were
                 driven
                 out
                 by
                 the
                 Cumani
                 .
                 and
                 they
                 by
                 the
                 Tuscans
                 ,
                 who
                 augmenting
                 her
                 power
                 by
                 adding
                 eleuen
                 other
                 Cities
                 ,
                 made
                 her
                 the
                 Metropolis
                 ,
                 and
                 as
                 Livy
                 writes
                 called
                 her
                 Volturno
                 from
                 the
                 approaching
                 Rivers
                 name
                 .
                 At
                 last
                 the
                 Romans
                 finding
                 her
                 potent
                 ,
                 a
                 neighbour
                 ,
                 and
                 in
                 the
                 heart
                 of
                 Italy
                 ,
                 a
                 perpetual
                 enemie
                 ,
                 and
                 no
                 less
                 emulous
                 of
                 their
                 Empire
                 then
                 Carthage
                 it self
                 ,
                 terrible
                 and
                 fierce
                 through
                 the
                 friendship
                 and
                 company
                 of
                 Hannibal
                 ,
                 reduced
                 her
                 under
                 their
                 dominion
                 by
                 raising
                 many
                 Forts
                 about
                 her
                 ,
                 besieging
                 her
                 to
                 Famine
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 slaughter
                 of
                 all
                 her
                 Counsellors
                 ,
                 and
                 then
                 they
                 sould
                 all
                 the
                 Citizens
                 and
                 other
                 people
                 together
                 with
                 the
                 Campana
                 ,
                 forbidding
                 for
                 the
                 future
                 the
                 City
                 to
                 have
                 any
                 head
                 or
                 publique
                 assembly
                 ,
                 Magistrates
                 Counsel
                 or
                 other
                 footsteps
                 or
                 honour
                 of
                 republique
                 :
                 and
                 commanded
                 that
                 her
                 Palaces
                 should
                 be
                 raised
                 ,
                 that
                 she
                 should
                 be
                 an
                 habitation
                 for
                 husbandmen
                 only
                 ;
                 and
                 frequented
                 by
                 none
                 but
                 libertines
                 ,
                 Factors
                 ,
                 and
                 other
                 the
                 viler
                 sort
                 of
                 artizans
                 .
                 In
                 this
                 deplorable
                 condition
                 lay
                 Capua
                 above
                 one
                 hundred
                 and
                 thirty
                 yeers
                 ,
                 and
                 her
                 Champain
                 Campania
                 ,
                 was
                 the
                 Romans
                 publick
                 to
                 the
                 time
                 of
                 the
                 Consulship
                 of
                 C.
                 Caesar
                 ,
                 who
                 by
                 the
                 favour
                 of
                 the
                 Julian
                 Law
                 ,
                 made
                 against
                 the
                 will
                 of
                 the
                 Senate
                 and
                 nobility
                 ,
                 consigned
                 his
                 part
                 by
                 one
                 and
                 one
                 to
                 his
                 Souldiers
                 ,
                 and
                 first
                 surrounding
                 her
                 with
                 walls
                 ,
                 made
                 her
                 a
                 Colony
                 ,
                 as
                 appears
                 from
                 the
                 Fragments
                 of
                 
                   Julio
                   Frontino
                
                 ;
                 when
                 as
                 from
                 a
                 resurrection
                 she
                 began
                 and
                 continued
                 to
                 flourish
                 under
                 the
                 Emperors
                 in
                 the
                 power
                 of
                 the
                 Romans
                 ,
                 till
                 she
                 was
                 taken
                 and
                 distroyed
                 by
                 Gensericus
                 King
                 of
                 the
                 Vandals
                 ,
                 who
                 driven
                 out
                 by
                 the
                 Ostrogoths
                 ,
                 they
                 possessed
                 her
                 ,
                 and
                 they
                 expelled
                 by
                 Narsete
                 ,
                 he
                 restored
                 her
                 ,
                 but
                 at
                 last
                 she
                 was
                 again
                 ruinated
                 and
                 wholly
                 destroyed
                 by
                 the
                 Longobardi
                 ,
                 But
                 t
                 is
                 not
                 known
                 in
                 what
                 time
                 this
                 new
                 Capua
                 rise
                 out
                 of
                 the
                 ruines
                 of
                 the
                 old
                 ,
                 nor
                 by
                 whom
                 transplanted
                 at
                 two
                 miles
                 distance
                 ;
                 although
                 most
                 likely
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 Citizens
                 driven
                 away
                 and
                 dispersed
                 by
                 force
                 ,
                 and
                 through
                 fear
                 of
                 the
                 barbarous
                 at
                 last
                 retired
                 themselves
                 thither
                 ,
                 and
                 
                   pian
                   piano
                
                 by
                 little
                 and
                 little
                 out
                 of
                 the
                 ruines
                 of
                 the
                 abandoned
                 Capua
                 founded
                 their
                 new
                 habitations
                 :
                 the
                 new
                 Capua
                 lying
                 on
                 the
                 banks
                 of
                 the
                 Volturnus
                 is
                 now
                 a
                 great
                 and
                 powerfull
                 City
                 whereof
                 
                   Julius
                   Caesar
                   Scaliger
                
                 
                 the
                 Poet
                 sings
                 ,
                 no
                 lesse
                 biteing
                 than
                 obscure
                 in
                 these
                 verses
                 .
                 
                   
                     Plammeasi
                     valeat
                     superare
                     superbia
                     fastum
                     ,
                  
                   
                     Pinguem
                     luxuriam
                     deliciosus
                     amor
                     ,
                  
                   
                     Hoc
                     mollem
                     pinges
                     Capuam
                     ,
                     Capuaeqne
                     colonos
                     ,
                  
                   
                     Et
                     quae
                     alijs
                     visa
                     est
                     ,
                     nec
                     sibi
                     meta
                     fuit
                     .
                  
                
              
               
                 Capua
                 was
                 the
                 Metropolis
                 of
                 eleven
                 famous
                 Cities
                 in
                 Campagna
                 ,
                 which
                 as
                 also
                 Carthage
                 ,
                 and
                 
                   Corinth
                   ,
                   Cicero
                
                 esteemed
                 so
                 potent
                 and
                 rich
                 ,
                 as
                 that
                 he
                 thought
                 ,
                 either
                 able
                 to
                 sustain
                 the
                 greatnesse
                 of
                 the
                 Roman
                 Empire
                 :
                 Hannibal
                 writing
                 of
                 her
                 to
                 the
                 Carthaginians
                 saies
                 that
                 after
                 Rome
                 she
                 had
                 the
                 second
                 place
                 in
                 Italy
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 AVERSA
                 .
              
               
                 THe
                 
                   Road
                   to
                   Aversa
                
                 lies
                 through
                 the
                 
                   Campagna
                   Stellata
                
                 ,
                 and
                 thence
                 by
                 the
                 
                   Leborina
                   ,
                   Pandolfus
                   Collenutio
                
                 the
                 writer
                 of
                 the
                 Neapolitan
                 history
                 affirms
                 that
                 t
                 was
                 at
                 first
                 called
                 Adversa
                 for
                 this
                 reason
                 ,
                 because
                 the
                 Normanni
                 ,
                 having
                 planted
                 and
                 fortified
                 their
                 quarters
                 in
                 the
                 ruines
                 of
                 old
                 Attella
                 against
                 Capua
                 and
                 Naples
                 ,
                 founded
                 in
                 the
                 midst
                 of
                 the
                 way
                 the
                 beginning
                 of
                 this
                 City
                 ,
                 to
                 the
                 end
                 that
                 from
                 so
                 convenient
                 a
                 place
                 they
                 might
                 abate
                 the
                 force
                 of
                 two
                 such
                 potent
                 Cities
                 .
              
               
                 Having
                 passed
                 the
                 River
                 Liris
                 ,
                 you
                 go
                 through
                 Campania
                 ,
                 the
                 which
                 as
                 well
                 in
                 its
                 abundance
                 of
                 Fruit
                 Corn
                 wine
                 and
                 oyl
                 ,
                 as
                 in
                 the
                 frequenzy
                 pleasantnesse
                 and
                 largeness
                 of
                 the
                 Champain
                 ,
                 far
                 surpasseth
                 all
                 the
                 other
                 provinces
                 of
                 Italy
                 :
                 t
                 is
                 a
                 Land
                 which
                 voluntarily
                 receives
                 the
                 Iron
                 ,
                 and
                 permits
                 not
                 it self
                 to
                 be
                 broke
                 up
                 in
                 vain
                 ,
                 but
                 seems
                 studiously
                 willing
                 to
                 afford
                 the
                 Labourer
                 the
                 greatest
                 usury
                 ;
                 t
                 is
                 named
                 
                   Terra
                   di
                   Lavoro
                
                 ,
                 and
                 
                   La
                   Campagna
                
                 ,
                 and
                 all
                 the
                 way
                 from
                 Capua
                 to
                 Aversa
                 ,
                 with
                 good
                 reason
                 was
                 called
                 by
                 
                   Pliny
                   ,
                   Leborina
                   quasi
                   Laborina
                
                 ,
                 a
                 Field
                 in
                 Campania
                 ,
                 where
                 the
                 stubble
                 of
                 the
                 Corn
                 is
                 so
                 great
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 People
                 do
                 burn
                 it
                 instead
                 of
                 wood
                 ,
                 as
                 we
                 have
                 it
                 in
                 Coopers
                 Dictionary
                 .
                 It
                 hath
                 had
                 also
                 the
                 attribute
                 of
                 happy
                 too
                 ,
                 which
                 was
                 never
                 given
                 to
                 any
                 other
                 province
                 of
                 the
                 world
                 except
                 to
                 Arabia
                 in
                 the
                 Orient
                 :
                 T
                 is
                 therefore
                 no
                 wonder
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 Cumani
                 ,
                 the
                 Opici
                 ,
                 the
                 Toscani
                 ,
                 the
                 Samniti
                 ,
                 and
                 lastly
                 the
                 Romans
                 ,
                 could
                 not
                 despise
                 so
                 great
                 riches
                 and
                 plenty
                 of
                 all
                 things
                 .
                 In
                 particular
                 the
                 
                   Pianura
                   Stellata
                
                 ,
                 is
                 so
                 fat
                 and
                 fertile
                 ,
                 that
                 with
                 good
                 reason
                 it
                 holds
                 the
                 chief
                 place
                 in
                 Italy
                 for
                 abundance
                 of
                 all
                 sorts
                 of
                 fruits
                 ;
                 which
                 the
                 inhabitants
                 call
                 
                   Campagna
                   St
                   ellata
                
                 ,
                 from
                 that
                 propitiousness
                 of
                 the
                 stars
                 it
                 enjoyes
                 :
                 Cicero
                 in
                 his
                 orations
                 ,
                 stiles
                 it
                 the
                 most
                 beautifull
                 Champain
                 of
                 the
                 whole
                 world
                 .
                 Hence
                 they
                 fetch
                 their
                 Victuals
                 for
                 the
                 Roman
                 armies
                 ,
                 and
                 this
                 ,
                 Caesar
                 (
                 who
                 then
                 prepared
                 his
                 way
                 to
                 the
                 Empire
                 by
                 gifts
                 )
                 divided
                 amongst
                 twenty
                 thousand
                 Roman
                 Citizens
                 .
                 Here
                 the
                 Samniti
                 to
                 the
                 number
                 of
                 three
                 hundred
                 and
                 sixteen
                 thousand
                 were
                 cut
                 in
                 pieces
                 by
                 
                   Lucius
                   Vetturius
                
                 and
                 
                   Appius
                   Claudius
                   Roman
                
                 Captains
                 :
                 Here
                 they
                 make
                 Macheroni
                 in
                 excellency
                 ,
                 a
                 sort
                 of
                 eating
                 ,
                 composed
                 of
                 pieces
                 of
                 past
                 boiled
                 in
                 water
                 and
                 put
                 into
                 a
                 dish
                 with
                 butter
                 ,
                 spice
                 ,
                 and
                 grated
                 cheese
                 upon
                 them
                 :
                 and
                 here
                 properly
                 grows
                 the
                 
                   Vino
                   Asprino
                
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 drunk
                 
                 at
                 Rome
                 with
                 so
                 much
                 gusto
                 in
                 the
                 great
                 heats
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 ATTELLA
                 DE
                 GLIOSCI
                 .
              
               
                 THe
                 old
                 Attella
                 was
                 a
                 Castle
                 built
                 by
                 the
                 most
                 antient
                 people
                 of
                 Osci
                 t
                 is
                 a
                 famous
                 Castle
                 ,
                 and
                 celebrated
                 by
                 all
                 for
                 the
                 Satyrick
                 ,
                 lascivious
                 ,
                 ridiculous
                 and
                 sharp
                 stories
                 there
                 rehearsed
                 and
                 thence
                 stiled
                 Attellane
                 :
                 which
                 afterwards
                 with
                 their
                 facetiousnesse
                 acquired
                 such
                 authority
                 ,
                 that
                 from
                 the
                 mumming
                 place
                 of
                 that
                 Castle
                 ,
                 they
                 mounted
                 even
                 the
                 Roman
                 Theatres
                 :
                 at
                 present
                 both
                 the
                 Land
                 and
                 Towns
                 can
                 boast
                 of
                 nought
                 save
                 some
                 Gentlemens
                 and
                 Lords
                 Palaces
                 there
                 lately
                 erected
                 ,
                 more
                 of
                 of
                 it
                 will
                 be
                 spoken
                 under
                 some
                 Mediterranean
                 places
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 NAPOLI
                 .
                 NAPLES
                 .
              
               
                 AFfter
                 eight
                 miles
                 travailing
                 from
                 Attella
                 ,
                 you
                 arrive
                 at
                 Naples
                 ,
                 where
                 in
                 every
                 corner
                 as
                 well
                 within
                 as
                 without
                 the
                 City
                 you
                 behold
                 as
                 well
                 beautifull
                 places
                 ,
                 as
                 proud
                 Palaces
                 ,
                 made
                 with
                 great
                 art
                 and
                 infinite
                 expence
                 .
                 This
                 City
                 is
                 maritimate
                 on
                 the
                 Mediteranean
                 shore
                 ,
                 and
                 spreadeth
                 it self
                 into
                 a
                 large
                 circuit
                 :
                 scituate
                 among
                 most
                 pleasant
                 hills
                 lying
                 on
                 the
                 north
                 and
                 east
                 parts
                 ;
                 and
                 on
                 the
                 south
                 and
                 west
                 parts
                 the
                 Sea
                 :
                 from
                 whose
                 port
                 ,
                 without
                 the
                 least
                 impediment
                 ,
                 in
                 a
                 serene
                 season
                 ,
                 may
                 be
                 clearly
                 seen
                 the
                 two
                 promontories
                 Miseno
                 and
                 Minerva
                 :
                 as
                 also
                 the
                 Islands
                 Capreas
                 the
                 delight
                 of
                 
                   Tiberius
                   ,
                   Ischia
                
                 ,
                 and
                 Prochyte
                 ,
                 of
                 old
                 so
                 much
                 celebrated
                 by
                 
                   Srabo
                   Virgil
                
                 and
                 other
                 Authors
                 ,
                 who
                 unanimously
                 agree
                 that
                 the
                 neighbouring
                 people
                 the
                 Cumani
                 built
                 it
                 :
                 and
                 that
                 t
                 was
                 called
                 Parthenope
                 from
                 one
                 of
                 the
                 Syrens
                 there
                 interred
                 .
                 They
                 write
                 ,
                 thatafterwards
                 she
                 was
                 transplanted
                 by
                 the
                 said
                 founders
                 ,
                 for
                 that
                 seeming
                 to
                 them
                 to
                 flourish
                 too
                 much
                 ,
                 and
                 to
                 increase
                 from
                 the
                 fecundity
                 of
                 the
                 soyl
                 ,
                 they
                 feared
                 she
                 might
                 one
                 day
                 get
                 the
                 possession
                 and
                 into
                 the
                 room
                 of
                 their
                 adjacent
                 
                   Mother
                   Cuma
                
                 ;
                 for
                 which
                 fact
                 they
                 relate
                 that
                 the
                 Cumani
                 groāing
                 under
                 a
                 most
                 heavy
                 pestilence
                 ,
                 were
                 advertized
                 by
                 the
                 Oracle
                 that
                 the
                 means
                 to
                 pacifie
                 that
                 great
                 affliction
                 and
                 disgrace
                 ,
                 was
                 for
                 them
                 to
                 reedifie
                 the
                 City
                 ,
                 and
                 annually
                 to
                 honour
                 with
                 sacrifices
                 the
                 Sepulchre
                 of
                 the
                 Goddesse
                 Parthenope
                 :
                 wherefore
                 she
                 was
                 restored
                 and
                 rebuilt
                 and
                 thence
                 t
                 is
                 inferred
                 shee
                 was
                 called
                 Napoli
                 ,
                 by
                 a
                 greek
                 word
                 :
                 there
                 are
                 also
                 others
                 and
                 divers
                 opinions
                 about
                 this
                 matter
                 :
                 as
                 
                   Licofrone
                   Calscidese
                
                 ,
                 who
                 in
                 his
                 Alessandria
                 calls
                 
                   Napoli
                   mano
                   di
                   Falero
                
                 ,
                 and
                 
                   Isaac
                   Tzetze
                
                 ,
                 adjoines
                 his
                 interpretation
                 ,
                 that
                 Falerus
                 the
                 Tyrant
                 of
                 Sicilia
                 built
                 Naples
                 in
                 Italy
                 ,
                 and
                 that
                 because
                 he
                 cruelly
                 tormented
                 and
                 slew
                 its
                 strangers
                 of
                 what
                 sort
                 soever
                 ,
                 thence
                 the
                 story
                 grew
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 
                   Syren
                   Parthenope
                
                 dyed
                 there
                 ,
                 and
                 that
                 to
                 her
                 was
                 erected
                 a
                 Tombe
                 ,
                 and
                 she
                 there
                 reverenced
                 and
                 annually
                 adored
                 with
                 sacrifices
                 ●…nder
                 the
                 Title
                 of
                 a
                 Goddesse
                 in
                 form
                 of
                 a
                 Bird.
                 And
                 we
                 certainly
                 know
                 ,
                 that
                 therefore
                 the
                 Syrens
                 were
                 adored
                 as
                 Goddesses
                 among
                 the
                 tutelary
                 Gods
                 
                 the
                 placeby
                 the
                 Campa●…i
                 over
                 all
                 that
                 tract
                 of
                 
                   Magna
                   Grecia
                
                 ,
                 and
                 this
                 in
                 the
                 flower
                 of
                 the
                 Roman
                 Empire
                 :
                 I
                 remember
                 furthermore
                 that
                 (
                 many
                 yeers
                 since
                 )
                 I
                 saw
                 in
                 Naples
                 the
                 Syren
                 carved
                 together
                 with
                 Ebone
                 and
                 Sebeto
                 ,
                 tutelary
                 Gods
                 of
                 the
                 Neapolitans
                 upon
                 a
                 round
                 marble
                 Altar
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 now
                 placed
                 in
                 the
                 receptacle
                 of
                 the
                 fountain
                 water
                 ,
                 lying
                 on
                 the
                 extremity
                 of
                 the
                 Mole
                 in
                 the
                 port
                 of
                 Naples
                 ;
                 besides
                 which
                 said
                 opinions
                 ,
                 there
                 are
                 of
                 those
                 (
                 as
                 
                   Diodorus
                   Siculus
                
                 and
                 Oppianus
                 )
                 who
                 hold
                 that
                 Naples
                 was
                 built
                 by
                 Hercules
                 :
                 and
                 Oppi●…
                 in
                 particular
                 alluding
                 to
                 the
                 name
                 of
                 the
                 City
                 in
                 his
                 poeme
                 of
                 hunting
                 ,
                 calls
                 Naples
                 the
                 new
                 Camp
                 of
                 Hercules
                 .
                 In
                 fine
                 all
                 writers
                 concur
                 in
                 this
                 ,
                 that
                 she
                 is
                 a
                 most
                 antient
                 City
                 ,
                 and
                 was
                 famous
                 before
                 Rome
                 ,
                 flourishing
                 among
                 the
                 most
                 illustrious
                 greek
                 Cities
                 of
                 Italy
                 for
                 the
                 Pythagorean
                 philosophy
                 .
                 Afterwards
                 the
                 Roman
                 Empire
                 spreading
                 it self
                 over
                 Italy
                 ,
                 because
                 she
                 most
                 forwardly
                 submitted
                 her self
                 to
                 it
                 ,
                 whilst
                 they
                 were
                 in
                 agitation
                 to
                 subject
                 Campania
                 ,
                 the
                 Romans
                 received
                 her
                 among
                 the
                 other
                 free
                 and
                 confederate
                 Cities
                 :
                 and
                 Livy
                 affirms
                 as
                 well
                 as
                 many
                 other
                 Authors
                 ,
                 that
                 she
                 from
                 that
                 time
                 constantly
                 continued
                 her
                 Friendship
                 ,
                 and
                 observed
                 that
                 Faith
                 which
                 at
                 the
                 first
                 she
                 had
                 given
                 to
                 the
                 Romans
                 :
                 Furthermore
                 the
                 affaires
                 of
                 the
                 Republique
                 being
                 reduced
                 to
                 a
                 bad
                 state
                 in
                 the
                 sixth
                 yeer
                 of
                 the
                 C●…rthaginian
                 war
                 ,
                 she
                 not
                 only
                 resolved
                 not
                 to
                 withdraw
                 it self
                 from
                 the
                 Romans
                 ,
                 in
                 despight
                 of
                 the
                 near
                 lying
                 Capua
                 and
                 the
                 other
                 rebellious
                 Cities
                 ,
                 but
                 also
                 as
                 the
                 said
                 Livy
                 relates
                 ,
                 sent
                 Embassadors
                 to
                 Rome
                 ,
                 and
                 by
                 them
                 would
                 have
                 presented
                 as
                 an
                 Act
                 of
                 Liberality
                 and
                 Noblenesse
                 ,
                 to
                 the
                 Senate
                 then
                 in
                 Court
                 ,
                 forty
                 Goblets
                 of
                 Gold
                 of
                 great
                 weight
                 ,
                 and
                 therewith
                 offered
                 force
                 ,
                 riches
                 ,
                 and
                 in
                 sum
                 all
                 whatever
                 their
                 Ancestors
                 had
                 left
                 them
                 in
                 ;
                 aid
                 assistance
                 and
                 defence
                 of
                 the
                 Empire
                 and
                 City
                 of
                 Rome
                 :
                 To
                 which
                 Embassadors
                 then
                 with
                 all
                 demonstration
                 of
                 courtesy
                 were
                 returned
                 great
                 thanks
                 ,
                 and
                 only
                 one
                 of
                 those
                 Goblets
                 retained
                 ,
                 and
                 that
                 also
                 weighed
                 the
                 least
                 of
                 them
                 :
                 wherefore
                 for
                 her
                 great
                 and
                 constant
                 fidelity
                 was
                 she
                 ever
                 esteemed
                 ,
                 held
                 and
                 honoured
                 among
                 the
                 free
                 and
                 Confederate
                 Cities
                 of
                 Italy
                 ,
                 as
                 well
                 in
                 the
                 times
                 of
                 the
                 Consuls
                 as
                 under
                 the
                 Emperors
                 ,
                 she
                 (
                 Capua
                 being
                 opprest
                 ,
                 subdued
                 and
                 reduced
                 to
                 the
                 servitude
                 of
                 the
                 Praefectura
                 )
                 augmented
                 sufficiently
                 ,
                 and
                 most
                 happily
                 enjoyed
                 for
                 a
                 long
                 time
                 the
                 fruits
                 of
                 her
                 fidelity
                 .
                 Hither
                 as
                 Str●…bo
                 instruct●…us
                 ,
                 the
                 youth
                 to
                 intend
                 their
                 studies
                 ,
                 and
                 many
                 ancient
                 men
                 to
                 enjoy
                 quiet
                 and
                 tranquility
                 of
                 mind
                 ,
                 were
                 wont
                 to
                 retire
                 themselves
                 from
                 Rome
                 ,
                 as
                 to
                 the
                 purpose
                 
                   Silius
                   Italicus
                
                 ,
                 and
                 before
                 him
                 
                   Horatins
                   Flac●…us
                
                 to
                 the
                 same
                 sung
                 ,
                 saying
                 
                   
                     Nunc
                     nidles
                     urbi
                     ritus
                     ,
                     atque
                     hospita
                     Musis
                  
                   
                     Otia
                     ,
                     &
                     exemptum
                     curis
                     gravioribus
                     aeuum
                     .
                  
                
              
               
                 Italy
                 affords
                 not
                 a
                 place
                 enjoying
                 so
                 milde
                 and
                 benigne
                 a
                 heaven
                 as
                 Naples
                 ,
                 having
                 a
                 double
                 spring
                 yeerly
                 in
                 flowers
                 ,
                 which
                 the
                 surrounding
                 Fields
                 produce
                 plentifully
                 as
                 also
                 great
                 variety
                 of
                 Fruits
                 ,
                 and
                 those
                 the
                 most
                 prized
                 ;
                 participating
                 no
                 small
                 quantity
                 of
                 fountains
                 ,
                 and
                 springs
                 ,
                 and
                 of
                 healthfull
                 and
                 good
                 waters
                 :
                 to
                 say
                 no
                 more
                 t
                 is
                 scarce
                 to
                 be
                 believed
                 a
                 natural
                 thing
                 but
                 wonderfull
                 how
                 infinite
                 is
                 their
                 abundance
                 ?
                 and
                 therefore
                 with
                 good
                 reason
                 may
                 she
                 be
                 called
                 the
                 Paradise
                 of
                 Italy
                 ,
                 which
                 particulars
                 have
                 chiefly
                 
                 been
                 the
                 inviting
                 argument
                 for
                 so
                 many
                 Emperours
                 ,
                 Kings
                 ,
                 Princes
                 and
                 ingenuous
                 Persons
                 ,
                 to
                 make
                 their
                 frequent
                 applications
                 and
                 residence
                 here
                 ,
                 and
                 to
                 this
                 day
                 t
                 is
                 reckoned
                 the
                 third
                 City
                 of
                 Italy
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 delights
                 which
                 nature
                 hath
                 allowed
                 this
                 place
                 are
                 so
                 great
                 ,
                 that
                 meritoriously
                 ,
                 is
                 she
                 stuft
                 with
                 so
                 many
                 proud
                 Palaces
                 and
                 stately
                 houses
                 of
                 Princes
                 and
                 other
                 Grandees
                 ,
                 who
                 reside
                 in
                 them
                 the
                 most
                 part
                 of
                 the
                 yeer
                 .
                 T
                 is
                 most
                 perspicuous
                 and
                 known
                 to
                 all
                 ,
                 that
                 
                   Titus
                   Livius
                
                 the
                 Padouan
                 Historian
                 ,
                 
                   Q.
                   Horatius
                   Flaccus
                   ,
                   Statius
                   Papinius
                   ,
                   Claudins
                   Claudianus
                
                 all
                 famous
                 Poets
                 ,
                 
                   Annius
                   Seneca
                
                 the
                 Philosopher
                 ,
                 and
                 infinite
                 others
                 ,
                 who
                 have
                 rendred
                 themselves
                 immortal
                 by
                 their
                 wits
                 ,
                 and
                 learned
                 writings
                 ,
                 retired
                 to
                 Naples
                 for
                 their
                 better
                 and
                 more
                 due
                 attention
                 to
                 their
                 studies
                 .
                 We
                 read
                 furthermore
                 that
                 
                   P.
                   Virgilius
                   Maro
                
                 ,
                 lived
                 most
                 sweetly
                 for
                 a
                 long
                 space
                 in
                 Naples
                 .
                 and
                 there
                 composed
                 his
                 Georgicks
                 ,
                 as
                 at
                 the
                 end
                 of
                 his
                 fourth
                 book
                 may
                 be
                 collected
                 .
                 
                   
                     Illo
                     Virgilium
                     me
                     tempore
                     dulcis
                     alebat
                  
                   
                     Parthenope
                     studiis
                     florentem
                     ignobilis
                     ori
                     .
                  
                
              
               
                 He
                 dying
                 in
                 Brindesi
                 commanded
                 that
                 his
                 body
                 should
                 be
                 hither
                 conveighed
                 and
                 buried
                 in
                 Naples
                 ,
                 as
                 we
                 learn
                 from
                 divers
                 testimonies
                 of
                 old
                 Poets
                 .
                 Servius
                 his
                 Comentator
                 writes
                 ,
                 that
                 Virgils
                 Sepulchre
                 lies
                 two
                 miles
                 distant
                 from
                 Naples
                 in
                 the
                 way
                 of
                 Pozznolo
                 near
                 the
                 gurge
                 of
                 that
                 subterranean
                 cave
                 ,
                 the
                 famous
                 Grot
                 under
                 Pausilipus
                 ,
                 now
                 the
                 Inhabitants
                 shew
                 the
                 place
                 in
                 the
                 gardens
                 of
                 
                   San
                   Severinus
                
                 ;
                 over
                 the
                 door
                 of
                 the
                 garden
                 is
                 this
                 inscription
                 .
                 
                   
                     
                       Maronis
                       Urnam
                    
                     
                       Cum
                       adjacente
                       Monticulo
                       ,
                       extensaque
                       ad
                       Cryptam
                       Planitie
                       .
                    
                     
                       Modiorum
                       trium
                       cum
                       dimidio
                       circiter
                       ,
                       Urbano
                       VIII
                       .
                       annuente
                       &c.
                       
                    
                     
                       Renovanda
                       Mem.
                       Praesentis
                       Concessionis
                       singulis
                       XXVIII
                       annis
                       in
                       actis
                       Cur.
                       Archiepiscopalis
                       .
                    
                  
                
              
               
                 Virgils
                 Tombe
                 is
                 built
                 in
                 a
                 Rotunda
                 or
                 Cupola
                 ,
                 about
                 five
                 paces
                 long
                 :
                 on
                 the
                 infide
                 ,
                 the
                 walls
                 are
                 of
                 brick
                 in
                 square
                 after
                 the
                 Roman
                 way
                 :
                 the
                 outside
                 of
                 massive
                 stone
                 ,
                 covered
                 over
                 with
                 bushes
                 and
                 among
                 them
                 ,
                 three
                 or
                 four
                 bay
                 trees
                 (
                 an
                 immortal
                 testimony
                 of
                 the
                 Prince
                 of
                 Poets
                 there
                 interred
                 )
                 shoot
                 forth
                 about
                 a
                 mans
                 heighth
                 ,
                 round
                 it
                 lye
                 scattered
                 ruines
                 testifying
                 its
                 formers
                 beauty
                 :
                 in
                 the
                 Rock
                 just
                 opposite
                 to
                 the
                 entrance
                 ,
                 where
                 his
                 known
                 Epitaph
                 of
                 
                   Mantua
                   me
                   genuit
                
                 was
                 ,
                 that
                 being
                 decayed
                 ,
                 is
                 placed
                 a
                 Marble
                 stone
                 with
                 these
                 Verses
                 .
                 
                   
                     
                       STAISI
                       Cencovi●…s
                       .
                    
                     
                       15.
                       89.
                       
                    
                     
                     
                       Qui
                       Cineres
                       ?
                       Tumuli
                       haec
                       vestigia
                       ,
                       conditur
                       olim
                    
                     
                       Ille
                       hoc
                       ,
                       qui
                       cecinit
                       Pascua
                       ,
                       rura
                       ,
                       Duces
                       ,
                    
                  
                
                 
                   
                     
                       Can.
                       Rec.
                       MDLIIII
                       .
                    
                     
                       What
                       dust
                       lies
                       here
                       ?
                       this
                       Heap
                       protects
                       his
                       Hearse
                    
                     
                       Who
                       whil'ome
                       Warbled
                       Fields
                       ,
                       Farms
                       ,
                       Fights
                       in
                       Verse
                       .
                    
                  
                
              
               
                 The
                 
                   Crypta
                   Neapolitana
                
                 a
                 perfect
                 signe
                 of
                 the
                 Roman
                 magnificence
                 is
                 the
                 Rocky
                 mountain
                 Pausilipus
                 ,
                 cut
                 thorough
                 ;
                 very
                 high
                 spatious
                 and
                 well
                 paved
                 ,
                 so
                 that
                 for
                 the
                 space
                 of
                 a
                 mile
                 ,
                 two
                 Coaches
                 may
                 go
                 on
                 front
                 under
                 ground
                 .
              
               
                 From
                 the
                 garden
                 of
                 
                   San
                   Severinus
                
                 you
                 may
                 see
                 the
                 house
                 of
                 
                   Attius
                   Sincerus
                   Sannallarius
                
                 the
                 Poet
                 emulous
                 of
                 Virgil
                 :
                 which
                 by
                 his
                 testament
                 was
                 made
                 a
                 Monastery
                 ,
                 whose
                 Church
                 is
                 called
                 
                   Della
                   Beate
                   Virgine
                
                 ,
                 therein
                 stands
                 a
                 marble
                 Sepulchre
                 car
                 ved
                 with
                 great
                 industry
                 :
                 on
                 the
                 one
                 side
                 is
                 Orpheus
                 or
                 Apollo
                 ,
                 on
                 the
                 other
                 the
                 Sybil
                 ,
                 or
                 the
                 Muse
                 wrought
                 of
                 white
                 marble
                 ,
                 and
                 here
                 read
                 this
                 Epigram
                 of
                 Cardinal
                 
                   Pietro
                   Bembo
                
                 .
                 
                   
                     Da
                     sacro
                     cineri
                     Folres
                     ,
                     hic
                     ille
                     Maroni
                  
                   
                     Sincerus
                     Musa
                     proximus
                     ,
                     ut
                     tumulo
                  
                
                 
                   Vixit
                   annos
                   72.
                   
                   Obiit
                   anno
                   1530.
                   
                
              
               
                 To
                 return
                 to
                 Naples
                 :
                 t
                 is
                 a
                 City
                 at
                 this
                 time
                 no
                 lesse
                 famous
                 for
                 the
                 nobility
                 and
                 magnificence
                 of
                 her
                 Citizens
                 &
                 inhabitants
                 ,
                 then
                 for
                 the
                 vast
                 expence
                 ,
                 and
                 for
                 the
                 beauty
                 of
                 the
                 structures
                 of
                 all
                 sorts
                 :
                 for
                 that
                 the
                 Governors
                 of
                 the
                 Emperor
                 
                   Charls
                   ▪
                
                 the
                 5th
                 and
                 after
                 them
                 of
                 Philip
                 King
                 of
                 Spain
                 ,
                 of
                 later
                 yeers
                 Presidents
                 or
                 Viceroyes
                 ,
                 in
                 the
                 Kingdome
                 of
                 Naples
                 ,
                 have
                 wonderfully
                 enlarged
                 and
                 forti
                 fied
                 her
                 with
                 a
                 new
                 wall
                 ,
                 bul
                 wark
                 ,
                 Ditches
                 ,
                 Towers
                 ,
                 Castles
                 ;
                 in
                 so
                 much
                 that
                 she
                 is
                 now
                 almost
                 invincible
                 .
                 She
                 is
                 furthermore
                 full
                 of
                 regard
                 for
                 the
                 many
                 and
                 magnificent
                 Churches
                 ,
                 Colledges
                 ,
                 Courts
                 Palaces
                 of
                 Princes
                 and
                 other
                 great
                 Men
                 ,
                 as
                 also
                 for
                 many
                 old
                 reliques
                 of
                 antient
                 houses
                 ,
                 Epitaphs
                 ,
                 Statues
                 ,
                 Sepulchres
                 ,
                 Collumns
                 ,
                 Altars
                 ,
                 Marbles
                 with
                 most
                 artificial
                 and
                 fair
                 engravings
                 ,
                 and
                 other
                 things
                 ,
                 which
                 to
                 recite
                 would
                 take
                 up
                 too
                 much
                 Room
                 here
                 .
              
               
                 Among
                 the
                 rest
                 ,
                 any
                 one
                 may
                 meet
                 contentin
                 the
                 grand
                 ruines
                 of
                 the
                 Quadrate
                 Temple
                 of
                 Castori
                 which
                 though
                 the
                 fire
                 hath
                 consumed
                 for
                 the
                 most
                 part
                 ,
                 yet
                 appears
                 before
                 it
                 a
                 part
                 of
                 a
                 most
                 beautifull
                 porticue
                 ,
                 with
                 six
                 prime
                 Pillars
                 of
                 Marble
                 with
                 their
                 cornishes
                 yet
                 a
                 foot
                 ,
                 of
                 Corinthian
                 architecture
                 ▪
                 wonderfull
                 for
                 their
                 vastness
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 art
                 they
                 are
                 wrought
                 with
                 :
                 they
                 have
                 for
                 Capitols
                 ,
                 some
                 Cesti
                 ,
                 Iron
                 Clubs
                 (
                 used
                 among
                 the
                 Graecian
                 wrestlers
                 )
                 to
                 which
                 were
                 tyed
                 with
                 leather
                 straps
                 or
                 dryed
                 Sinews
                 ▪
                 balls
                 or
                 bullets
                 of
                 lead
                 ,
                 which
                 in
                 theit
                 Olimpick
                 games
                 ,
                 they
                 use
                 to
                 hurl
                 or
                 cast
                 :
                 which
                 with
                 the
                 Foliage
                 and
                 revolts
                 represent
                 a
                 becoming
                 covering
                 ;
                 and
                 on
                 the
                 Frise
                 ,
                 to
                 which
                 the
                 Rafters
                 are
                 fixed
                 ,
                 may
                 be
                 read
                 a
                 greek
                 inscription
                 ,
                 which
                 clearly
                 manifests
                 ,
                 that
                 this
                 was
                 the
                 Temple
                 of
                 the
                 Castori
                 ,
                 and
                 that
                 the
                 Greek
                 language
                 was
                 in
                 use
                 among
                 
                 the
                 Neapolitans
                 ,
                 when
                 the
                 Roman
                 Empire
                 flourished
                 :
                 which
                 is
                 also
                 confirmed
                 by
                 the
                 characters
                 by
                 the
                 vast
                 expence
                 of
                 the
                 whole
                 work
                 ,
                 &
                 by
                 the
                 exquisit
                 perfectiō
                 of
                 the
                 art
                 ,
                 in
                 the
                 Ti●…pano
                 or
                 triangular
                 Frontispiece
                 of
                 the
                 roof
                 :
                 upon
                 these
                 Collumnes
                 were
                 carved
                 many
                 images
                 of
                 the
                 Gods
                 ,
                 which
                 the
                 Flames
                 and
                 Age
                 have
                 for
                 the
                 most
                 part
                 consumed
                 .
                 On
                 the
                 Tres●…el
                 was
                 figured
                 an
                 Apollo
                 ,
                 &
                 on
                 one
                 &
                 the
                 other
                 side
                 of
                 it
                 ,
                 lies
                 Earth
                 and
                 Water
                 in
                 the
                 form
                 they
                 are
                 usually
                 figured
                 ,
                 that
                 is
                 in
                 form
                 of
                 a
                 body
                 half
                 raised
                 up
                 ,
                 half
                 lying
                 along
                 ,
                 naked
                 to
                 the
                 Navil
                 :
                 Earth
                 hath
                 the
                 right
                 hand
                 ,
                 holding
                 in
                 its
                 left
                 the
                 horn
                 of
                 the
                 Copia
                 ,
                 the
                 rest
                 cannot
                 be
                 discerned
                 ,
                 being
                 too
                 much
                 broken
                 and
                 ruinated
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Churches
                 of
                 our
                 Religion
                 ,
                 are
                 there
                 in
                 excellent
                 order
                 and
                 rich
                 ,
                 as
                 well
                 as
                 many
                 :
                 and
                 so
                 well
                 placed
                 ,
                 as
                 pleasant
                 flowers
                 for
                 beautifying
                 a
                 Garden
                 .
                 For
                 example
                 the
                 Church
                 of
                 
                   S.
                   Chiara
                
                 ,
                 enjoying
                 a
                 great
                 and
                 fair
                 monastery
                 ,
                 was
                 very
                 magnificently
                 built
                 by
                 Santia
                 the
                 Spanish
                 Queen
                 ,
                 and
                 wife
                 of
                 King
                 Roberto
                 ,
                 who
                 by
                 others
                 is
                 named
                 Agnese
                 :
                 which
                 the
                 antient
                 Kings
                 of
                 the
                 noble
                 house
                 of
                 D●…razzo
                 have
                 made
                 famous
                 with
                 their
                 sumptuous
                 Tombes
                 :
                 and
                 in
                 
                   San
                   Domenico
                
                 ,
                 is
                 the
                 Sepulchre
                 of
                 Alfonso
                 the
                 first
                 ,
                 and
                 of
                 many
                 other
                 Kings
                 ,
                 Queens
                 ,
                 and
                 Princes
                 ;
                 and
                 what
                 is
                 more
                 important
                 ,
                 the
                 Image
                 of
                 that
                 Crucifix
                 which
                 spake
                 unto
                 
                   San
                   Tomaso
                   d'Aquino
                
                 ,
                 these
                 words
                 :
                 
                   Tomaso
                   tu
                   hai
                   scritto
                   bene
                   di
                   me
                   :
                   Thomas
                
                 thou
                 hast
                 written
                 well
                 of
                 me
                 :
                 and
                 that
                 of
                 Oliveto
                 :
                 so
                 also
                 in
                 other
                 Churches
                 ,
                 you
                 may
                 see
                 many
                 proud
                 depositories
                 and
                 memorials
                 of
                 the
                 Kings
                 of
                 Spain
                 ,
                 of
                 the
                 Heroes
                 and
                 other
                 Princes
                 ,
                 with
                 statues
                 of
                 Marble
                 as
                 if
                 natural
                 .
                 In
                 the
                 Church
                 of
                 
                   San
                   Giovanni
                   dalla
                   Car
                   boniera
                
                 is
                 the
                 Sepulchre
                 of
                 King
                 Roberto
                 ,
                 whose
                 praises
                 were
                 writ
                 by
                 all
                 learned
                 men
                 ,
                 among
                 the
                 rest
                 by
                 Petrarcha
                 and
                 Boccaccio
                 .
                 In
                 that
                 of
                 
                   S.
                   Maria
                   Nova
                
                 ,
                 lye
                 interred
                 the
                 bones
                 of
                 
                   Odetto
                   Foix
                
                 named
                 Lotrecce
                 :
                 and
                 of
                 
                   Pietro
                   Namarro
                
                 ,
                 of
                 
                   Consalvo
                   Ferrando
                   Cordovese
                
                 ,
                 and
                 in
                 the
                 most
                 religious
                 Tabernace
                 of
                 
                   San
                   Giannuacio
                
                 ,
                 are
                 preserved
                 many
                 holy
                 reliques
                 of
                 Saints
                 .
                 Where
                 once
                 in
                 the
                 yeer
                 at
                 least
                 they
                 shew
                 one
                 by
                 one
                 ,
                 all
                 those
                 worthy
                 objects
                 :
                 as
                 bones
                 of
                 Saints
                 and
                 other
                 Reliques
                 enclosed
                 in
                 gold
                 and
                 Silver
                 with
                 pretious
                 stones
                 ,
                 with
                 the
                 pretious
                 gifts
                 bestowed
                 by
                 Kings
                 and
                 Princes
                 ,
                 and
                 other
                 things
                 .
                 Among
                 which
                 with
                 great
                 reverence
                 ,
                 is
                 the
                 head
                 of
                 
                   S.
                   Gianuario
                
                 ,
                 Bishop
                 of
                 Pozzuolo
                 the
                 Martyr
                 ;
                 and
                 his
                 bloud
                 stil
                 remaining
                 in
                 a
                 glass
                 vial
                 ,
                 though
                 dryed
                 and
                 become
                 hard
                 through
                 time
                 :
                 which
                 vial
                 when
                 brought
                 to
                 the
                 Altar
                 is
                 set
                 near
                 the
                 head
                 of
                 the
                 Martyr
                 ,
                 on
                 the
                 Corner
                 of
                 the
                 Chorus
                 :
                 and
                 the
                 blood
                 (
                 to
                 admiration
                 )
                 begins
                 to
                 become
                 liquid
                 and
                 to
                 boyl
                 as
                 new
                 wine
                 in
                 the
                 must
                 ,
                 as
                 hath
                 been
                 annually
                 observed
                 and
                 seen
                 by
                 all
                 ,
                 not
                 without
                 great
                 stupour
                 .
                 Thence
                 you
                 go
                 to
                 the
                 Annunciata
                 ,
                 a
                 Church
                 famous
                 through
                 the
                 great
                 devotion
                 there
                 exercised
                 ,
                 and
                 rich
                 through
                 the
                 many
                 offerings
                 made
                 to
                 it
                 :
                 as
                 also
                 for
                 many
                 reliques
                 of
                 Saints
                 of
                 importance
                 ,
                 among
                 others
                 two
                 small
                 bodies
                 of
                 a
                 foot
                 and
                 half
                 long
                 ,
                 yet
                 entire
                 ,
                 covered
                 with
                 the
                 skins
                 of
                 innocent
                 Children
                 slain
                 by
                 Herode
                 the
                 King
                 ,
                 at
                 the
                 time
                 our
                 Saviour
                 was
                 born
                 in
                 Bethlehem
                 ,
                 the
                 wound
                 of
                 one
                 is
                 in
                 the
                 head
                 ,
                 the
                 other
                 in
                 the
                 breast
                 .
              
               
                 Contiguous
                 with
                 which
                 lies
                 an
                 hospital
                 ,
                 built
                 like
                 a
                 spatious
                 Castle
                 ,
                 wherein
                 are
                 maintained
                 as
                 their
                 condition
                 ,
                 age
                 ,
                 and
                 health
                 require
                 ,
                 two
                 thousand
                 souls
                 :
                 therein
                 are
                 also
                 brought
                 up
                 children
                 of
                 
                 the
                 poorer
                 sort
                 ,
                 more
                 than
                 eight
                 hundred
                 ,
                 between
                 orphane
                 and
                 exposed
                 infants
                 as
                 well
                 males
                 as
                 females
                 :
                 instructed
                 in
                 letters
                 and
                 art
                 ,
                 according
                 to
                 their
                 inclination
                 till
                 they
                 become
                 great
                 .
                 'T
                 is
                 a
                 pleasure
                 to
                 see
                 and
                 observe
                 their
                 several
                 diligent
                 exercises
                 and
                 works
                 :
                 and
                 this
                 custome
                 of
                 Christian
                 Charity
                 is
                 certainly
                 very
                 comodious
                 ,
                 which
                 as
                 
                   Corona
                   Pighius
                
                 observes
                 ,
                 resembles
                 Platoes
                 Republique
                 in
                 part
                 ,
                 and
                 imitates
                 that
                 Economical
                 government
                 of
                 the
                 Apes
                 ,
                 described
                 by
                 Xenefonte
                 ,
                 and
                 by
                 Virgil
                 the
                 Prince
                 of
                 Poets
                 ,
                 described
                 and
                 de
                 painted
                 so
                 well
                 to
                 the
                 similitude
                 of
                 Platoes
                 City
                 .
              
               
                 Castle
                 Nuovo
                 ,
                 the
                 name
                 is
                 new
                 although
                 built
                 more
                 then
                 300
                 yeers
                 since
                 by
                 the
                 Brother
                 of
                 
                   San
                   Lodovico
                
                 ,
                 King
                 of
                 France
                 ,
                 who
                 was
                 Charls
                 the
                 first
                 King
                 of
                 Naples
                 and
                 Count
                 of
                 Anjou
                 ,
                 to
                 the
                 end
                 he
                 might
                 thence
                 aid
                 the
                 City
                 and
                 the
                 Port
                 against
                 the
                 maritimate
                 inroads
                 of
                 enemies
                 .
                 Alfonsus
                 the
                 first
                 of
                 this
                 name
                 ,
                 King
                 of
                 the
                 Arragonians
                 ,
                 restored
                 it
                 within
                 our
                 memory
                 ,
                 after
                 he
                 had
                 expelled
                 the
                 French
                 ,
                 and
                 subdued
                 the
                 Kingdom
                 ;
                 and
                 so
                 well
                 fortifyed
                 it
                 ,
                 that
                 t
                 is
                 now
                 held
                 one
                 of
                 the
                 strongest
                 Forts
                 of
                 Italy
                 :
                 more
                 especially
                 since
                 the
                 last
                 Kings
                 ,
                 the
                 Emperor
                 Charls
                 the
                 5th
                 .
                 and
                 Philip
                 his
                 Son
                 compleatly
                 furnished
                 it
                 ,
                 and
                 all
                 the
                 other
                 Forts
                 of
                 this
                 City
                 ,
                 with
                 victuals
                 ,
                 good
                 souldiers
                 ,
                 and
                 all
                 other
                 necessaries
                 and
                 engines
                 of
                 war
                 to
                 keep
                 off
                 the
                 Enemy
                 .
              
               
                 In
                 the
                 midst
                 of
                 this
                 large
                 Castle
                 ,
                 stands
                 the
                 pompous
                 Palace
                 of
                 the
                 governors
                 ,
                 furnished
                 with
                 royal
                 and
                 most
                 lovely
                 houshold-stuff
                 wherein
                 the
                 King
                 or
                 Emperor
                 may
                 find
                 a
                 comodious
                 receipt
                 for
                 all
                 his
                 Court
                 :
                 strangers
                 are
                 astonisht
                 at
                 the
                 engines
                 of
                 war
                 ,
                 the
                 Artillery
                 ,
                 the
                 great
                 quantity
                 of
                 Iron
                 Bullets
                 ,
                 the
                 murrions
                 inlayed
                 with
                 gold
                 and
                 Silver
                 ,
                 the
                 Shields
                 ,
                 the
                 swords
                 ,
                 the
                 Launces
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 other
                 preparation
                 for
                 war
                 there
                 continually
                 preserved
                 .
                 and
                 that
                 admiration
                 becomes
                 much
                 lessened
                 ,
                 at
                 the
                 view
                 of
                 the
                 said
                 palace
                 so
                 richly
                 laden
                 with
                 tapistry
                 of
                 silk
                 interwoven
                 with
                 Jewels
                 and
                 gold
                 ,
                 the
                 engraving
                 ,
                 the
                 statues
                 ,
                 pictures
                 and
                 the
                 other
                 noble
                 furniture
                 .
              
               
                 Thence
                 you
                 may
                 see
                 the
                 Castle
                 Del'ovo
                 ,
                 so
                 named
                 for
                 that
                 the
                 shelf
                 which
                 there
                 in
                 largeth
                 it self
                 to
                 the
                 similitude
                 of
                 an
                 Island
                 ,
                 retains
                 an
                 oval
                 form
                 .
                 Collanutius
                 writes
                 that
                 this
                 Fort
                 was
                 built
                 by
                 William
                 the
                 third
                 a
                 Norman
                 ,
                 and
                 thence
                 called
                 Normannica
                 ,
                 which
                 afterwards
                 Alfonsus
                 the
                 first
                 King
                 of
                 the
                 Arragonians
                 ,
                 repaired
                 and
                 beautifyed
                 in
                 many
                 things
                 :
                 t
                 is
                 said
                 that
                 the
                 antient
                 called
                 this
                 by
                 a
                 greek
                 word
                 Miagra
                 ,
                 either
                 from
                 a
                 salutatiferous
                 plant
                 there
                 growing
                 ,
                 or
                 from
                 the
                 site
                 and
                 quality
                 of
                 the
                 place
                 ,
                 or
                 for
                 that
                 t
                 was
                 difficult
                 to
                 escape
                 out
                 of
                 it
                 :
                 This
                 Mole
                 is
                 like
                 an
                 artificial
                 street
                 casting
                 it self
                 into
                 the
                 Sea
                 ,
                 whither
                 all
                 the
                 gentry
                 in
                 the
                 evening
                 resort
                 for
                 the
                 benefit
                 of
                 the
                 Fresco.
                 
              
               
                 The
                 Townesmen
                 shew
                 one
                 after
                 another
                 Grottes
                 hollowed
                 under
                 the
                 shelf
                 ,
                 also
                 some
                 old
                 memorials
                 erected
                 upon
                 Cliffs
                 ,
                 and
                 great
                 quantity
                 of
                 Arms
                 of
                 different
                 fashions
                 .
              
               
                 Afterwards
                 pass
                 into
                 the
                 Court
                 of
                 the
                 Palace
                 by
                 the
                 Gulf
                 of
                 the
                 Sea
                 called
                 by
                 Strabo
                 and
                 
                   Tazza
                   ,
                   della
                   forma
                
                 ;
                 and
                 if
                 you
                 would
                 learn
                 the
                 discipline
                 and
                 labour
                 of
                 the
                 Galleots
                 you
                 must
                 view
                 in
                 the
                 passage
                 ,
                 the
                 near
                 shores
                 ,
                 the
                 Islands
                 and
                 Promontories
                 round
                 about
                 ,
                 as
                 
                   Liseno
                   ,
                   Procrite
                   ,
                   Patecusa
                   ,
                   Capreta
                   ,
                   Herculaneo
                   ,
                
                 and
                 Atheneo
                 or
                 Miner●…vio
                 ,
                 which
                 as
                 Pliny
                 relates
                 was
                 the
                 residence
                 of
                 the
                 Syrens
                 ,
                 and
                 that
                 
                 gave
                 denomination
                 to
                 the
                 Promontory
                 :
                 and
                 here
                 as
                 Strabo
                 records
                 ,
                 Ulysses
                 consecrated
                 a
                 Temple
                 to
                 Minerva
                 ,
                 for
                 his
                 deliverance
                 from
                 the
                 crafty
                 wiles
                 of
                 the
                 Syrens
                 .
              
               
                 For
                 the
                 most
                 part
                 40
                 galleys
                 lye
                 in
                 this
                 Port
                 ,
                 besides
                 other
                 vessels
                 to
                 discover
                 and
                 do
                 other
                 service
                 :
                 which
                 Port
                 is
                 very
                 large
                 ,
                 and
                 as
                 well
                 as
                 is
                 possible
                 defended
                 against
                 fortune
                 with
                 a
                 large
                 bank
                 ;
                 which
                 for
                 the
                 space
                 of
                 500.
                 foot
                 runs
                 from
                 the
                 shore
                 into
                 the
                 Sea
                 in
                 form
                 of
                 a
                 bended
                 arm
                 :
                 and
                 the
                 whole
                 length
                 and
                 bredth
                 made
                 of
                 huge
                 pieces
                 of
                 squared
                 stones
                 .
              
               
                 There
                 gusheth
                 out
                 at
                 one
                 end
                 of
                 the
                 Mole
                 a
                 fountain
                 of
                 sweet
                 water
                 ,
                 conveighed
                 thither
                 through
                 the
                 midst
                 of
                 the
                 said
                 Bank
                 ;
                 this
                 fountain
                 hath
                 much
                 marble
                 under
                 it
                 ,
                 wherein
                 the
                 water
                 is
                 received
                 ,
                 the
                 name
                 is
                 drawn
                 from
                 a
                 Latin
                 word
                 ,
                 the
                 foundations
                 are
                 known
                 to
                 have
                 been
                 layed
                 by
                 Charls
                 the
                 second
                 the
                 French
                 King
                 above
                 two
                 hundred
                 and
                 eighty
                 yeers
                 ago
                 :
                 which
                 Alfonsus
                 the
                 first
                 a
                 Spaniard
                 ,
                 amplified
                 with
                 all
                 magnificence
                 afterwards
                 as
                 well
                 as
                 many
                 other
                 publique
                 edifices
                 within
                 the
                 City
                 :
                 this
                 fancy
                 also
                 Charls
                 the
                 5th
                 .
                 Emperor
                 ,
                 and
                 Philip
                 his
                 Son
                 took
                 up
                 ,
                 in
                 augmenting
                 ,
                 fortifying
                 and
                 furnishing
                 the
                 same
                 for
                 its
                 commodity
                 and
                 ornament
                 ,
                 without
                 respect
                 to
                 the
                 expence
                 .
              
               
                 Hither
                 the
                 mariners
                 in
                 little
                 boats
                 row
                 persons
                 to
                 see
                 the
                 Galleys
                 and
                 the
                 life
                 of
                 the
                 slaves
                 with
                 their
                 arts
                 ,
                 who
                 from
                 the
                 want
                 of
                 bread
                 learn
                 to
                 speak
                 with
                 the
                 words
                 of
                 the
                 Poet
                 
                   Perseus
                   ,
                   Venter
                   Magister
                
                 ,
                 &c.
                 and
                 sitting
                 ,
                 exercise
                 themselves
                 ;
                 together
                 with
                 the
                 munition
                 and
                 naval
                 preparations
                 for
                 war
                 :
                 here
                 in
                 a
                 little
                 time
                 may
                 be
                 learnt
                 the
                 mariners
                 art
                 ,
                 with
                 their
                 manner
                 of
                 living
                 ,
                 wherewith
                 they
                 keep
                 their
                 bodies
                 in
                 health
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 offices
                 and
                 charges
                 of
                 the
                 Presidents
                 of
                 the
                 Vessels
                 :
                 thence
                 you
                 go
                 to
                 see
                 the
                 denoted
                 stables
                 of
                 the
                 King
                 ,
                 where
                 are
                 kept
                 and
                 managed
                 whole
                 heards
                 of
                 beautifull
                 and
                 valuable
                 horses
                 ,
                 where
                 some
                 Princes
                 are
                 always
                 to
                 be
                 found
                 ,
                 beholding
                 with
                 attention
                 and
                 delight
                 ,
                 their
                 swift
                 course
                 ,
                 their
                 wheelings
                 ,
                 and
                 turnings
                 ,
                 made
                 in
                 as
                 little
                 room
                 ,
                 and
                 with
                 as
                 much
                 art
                 as
                 is
                 possible
                 ,
                 their
                 curvets
                 and
                 leaps
                 of
                 all
                 four
                 performed
                 excellently
                 at
                 the
                 nod
                 of
                 the
                 switch
                 of
                 the
                 Rider
                 .
              
               
                 Thence
                 you
                 go
                 to
                 the
                 Castle
                 Santermo
                 ,
                 on
                 the
                 top
                 of
                 the
                 near
                 mountain
                 ,
                 very
                 strong
                 ,
                 looking
                 on
                 and
                 defending
                 ,
                 the
                 City
                 ,
                 the
                 shore
                 Port
                 and
                 Islands
                 in
                 the
                 Sea
                 :
                 King
                 Robert
                 Son
                 of
                 Charls
                 the
                 second
                 built
                 it
                 250
                 yeers
                 agoe
                 ,
                 adding
                 to
                 it
                 such
                 strength
                 and
                 defences
                 as
                 render
                 it
                 little
                 lesse
                 than
                 inexpugnable
                 ,
                 the
                 Emperor
                 Charls
                 the
                 first
                 and
                 Philip
                 his
                 Son
                 some
                 years
                 since
                 enlarged
                 the
                 Guasto
                 ,
                 conjoyning
                 it
                 with
                 the
                 City
                 ,
                 and
                 increasing
                 the
                 structures
                 in
                 the
                 inward
                 space
                 with
                 new
                 walls
                 and
                 new
                 forts
                 .
              
               
                 On
                 the
                 top
                 of
                 the
                 Hill
                 you
                 meet
                 a
                 most
                 fair
                 and
                 rich
                 Temple
                 with
                 a
                 stately
                 Monastery
                 possessed
                 by
                 the
                 Carthusians
                 ;
                 In
                 which
                 Monastery
                 if
                 you
                 can
                 obtain
                 so
                 much
                 favour
                 from
                 the
                 Monks
                 (
                 who
                 lovingly
                 receive
                 forraigners
                 and
                 shew
                 their
                 Monasterie
                 )
                 you
                 will
                 meet
                 an
                 ample
                 satisfaction
                 in
                 the
                 view
                 of
                 the
                 Monks
                 chamber
                 in
                 a
                 corner
                 of
                 the
                 Monastery
                 :
                 where
                 you
                 have
                 as
                 great
                 delight
                 as
                 Italy
                 affords
                 :
                 for
                 on
                 the
                 right
                 hand
                 is
                 presented
                 to
                 your
                 view
                 ,
                 the
                 prospect
                 of
                 the
                 Sea
                 ,
                 as
                 large
                 as
                 the
                 eye
                 can
                 reach
                 ,
                 the
                 Islands
                 
                   Enarea
                   ,
                   Caprea
                
                 ,
                 and
                 Prochite
                 and
                 opposite
                 the
                 manured
                 places
                 of
                 Pausilipo
                 ,
                 the
                 gulf
                 of
                 Surrenio
                 ,
                 the
                 streight
                 of
                 Surrentano
                 ,
                 some
                 Cities
                 and
                 many
                 Burroughs
                 :
                 
                 On
                 the
                 left
                 hand
                 the
                 Field
                 Holana
                 ,
                 very
                 large
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 mountain
                 Vesuvius
                 as
                 high
                 ;
                 then
                 looking
                 downwards
                 ,
                 you
                 behold
                 Naples
                 ,
                 which
                 ,
                 whither
                 to
                 be
                 styled
                 the
                 miracle
                 of
                 art
                 or
                 nature
                 is
                 disputable
                 ,
                 since
                 there
                 you
                 may
                 see
                 ,
                 have
                 and
                 enjoy
                 ,
                 what
                 ever
                 is
                 esteemed
                 pleasing
                 or
                 sweet
                 .
              
               
                 In
                 the
                 voyage
                 see
                 the
                 garden
                 of
                 
                   Gacia
                   di
                   Toleda
                
                 ,
                 kept
                 in
                 as
                 good
                 order
                 as
                 any
                 ,
                 t
                 was
                 made
                 with
                 vast
                 expence
                 ,
                 and
                 with
                 as
                 many
                 curses
                 ;
                 (
                 being
                 with
                 the
                 sweat
                 and
                 blood
                 of
                 enforced
                 galley
                 slaves
                 ,
                 reduced
                 to
                 that
                 perfection
                 it
                 now
                 retains
                 )
                 in
                 the
                 time
                 that
                 his
                 Father
                 
                   Pietro
                   di
                   Toledo
                
                 ,
                 continued
                 Lord
                 of
                 the
                 City
                 and
                 Kingdom
                 ,
                 under
                 the
                 benevolent
                 aspect
                 of
                 the
                 Emperour
                 Charles
                 the
                 5th
                 .
              
               
                 Nor
                 is
                 it
                 a
                 mean
                 pleasure
                 ,
                 to
                 view
                 the
                 places
                 surrounding
                 the
                 City
                 worth
                 the
                 seeing
                 ,
                 especially
                 in
                 a
                 good
                 season
                 :
                 the
                 which
                 are
                 in
                 that
                 fertile
                 plain
                 ,
                 near
                 the
                 Sea
                 in
                 pleasant
                 scites
                 very
                 pompous
                 ;
                 and
                 adorned
                 by
                 the
                 nobles
                 with
                 magnificent
                 Edifices
                 and
                 fair
                 gardens
                 ,
                 well
                 kept
                 ,
                 and
                 enriched
                 :
                 which
                 have
                 such
                 plenty
                 of
                 Fountains
                 ,
                 grottoes
                 made
                 by
                 art
                 ,
                 and
                 Fishponds
                 adorned
                 with
                 Curral
                 ,
                 mother
                 of
                 Perle
                 ,
                 and
                 Fish
                 shels
                 of
                 all
                 sorts
                 ,
                 as
                 the
                 beauty
                 is
                 almost
                 impossible
                 to
                 be
                 ghes●…ed
                 at
                 ,
                 as
                 also
                 of
                 Porticues
                 ,
                 walks
                 ,
                 vaults
                 covered
                 with
                 Leaves
                 and
                 Flowers
                 of
                 divers
                 sorts
                 ,
                 Roses
                 ,
                 pomegranates
                 ,
                 collumnes
                 and
                 Lodges
                 beautifyed
                 with
                 pictures
                 ,
                 statues
                 ,
                 and
                 marbles
                 of
                 antiquity
                 ,
                 and
                 among
                 those
                 Lodges
                 those
                 of
                 the
                 
                   Marques
                   di
                   vico
                
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 other
                 Princes
                 ,
                 placed
                 on
                 the
                 strond
                 near
                 the
                 Vesuvius
                 ,
                 are
                 very
                 famous
                 :
                 as
                 also
                 the
                 Villa
                 of
                 
                   Bernardino
                   Martizano
                
                 adorned
                 with
                 many
                 reliques
                 of
                 of
                 antiquity
                 ;
                 
                   Poggio
                   Reale
                
                 ,
                 a
                 vast
                 Palace
                 ,
                 built
                 heretofore
                 by
                 Ferdinand
                 King
                 of
                 Arragonia
                 ,
                 whither
                 the
                 King
                 used
                 to
                 retreat
                 ,
                 when
                 he
                 desired
                 to
                 repose
                 himself
                 ,
                 and
                 to
                 recreate
                 his
                 minde
                 from
                 the
                 fortunes
                 of
                 the
                 Sea
                 ,
                 in
                 a
                 blith
                 and
                 secure
                 port
                 .
                 This
                 Palace
                 is
                 contrived
                 in
                 this
                 manner
                 ,
                 four
                 square
                 Towers
                 ,
                 upon
                 four
                 corners
                 ,
                 are
                 bound
                 together
                 by
                 great
                 Porticues
                 ,
                 so
                 that
                 the
                 Palace
                 hath
                 two
                 bredths
                 in
                 a
                 length
                 ,
                 each
                 Tower
                 hath
                 fair
                 and
                 pleasant
                 Chambers
                 aboue
                 and
                 below
                 ,
                 and
                 you
                 passe
                 from
                 one
                 to
                 the
                 other
                 by
                 the
                 means
                 of
                 those
                 open
                 galleries
                 ;
                 the
                 Court
                 in
                 the
                 midst
                 is
                 ascended
                 by
                 certain
                 little
                 steps
                 ,
                 and
                 therein
                 a
                 fountain
                 and
                 clear
                 fishpond
                 ,
                 and
                 on
                 all
                 sides
                 by
                 the
                 nod
                 of
                 the
                 Master
                 ,
                 from
                 the
                 pavements
                 rise
                 sprouts
                 of
                 water
                 ,
                 by
                 meanes
                 of
                 infinite
                 subtile
                 Chanels
                 there
                 placed
                 with
                 art
                 ,
                 and
                 in
                 such
                 plenty
                 that
                 they
                 suddenly
                 wet
                 all
                 the
                 aspicients
                 not
                 thinking
                 of
                 it
                 ,
                 in
                 the
                 summer
                 a
                 sufficient
                 cooling
                 :
                 these
                 Fields
                 by
                 the
                 vicinity
                 of
                 the
                 Vesuvius
                 enjoy
                 great
                 plenty
                 of
                 sweet
                 waters
                 ,
                 the
                 Fire
                 within
                 forcing
                 out
                 many
                 fountains
                 of
                 sweet
                 waters
                 purged
                 and
                 pure
                 :
                 hence
                 also
                 the
                 Sebeto
                 acknowledgeth
                 its
                 being
                 and
                 the
                 greatnesse
                 of
                 its
                 Chanel
                 being
                 conveighed
                 into
                 all
                 the
                 streets
                 of
                 Naples
                 by
                 Pipes
                 under
                 ground
                 ,
                 to
                 all
                 the
                 publique
                 and
                 private
                 palaces
                 and
                 habitations
                 :
                 so
                 great
                 comodity
                 of
                 all
                 things
                 brings
                 to
                 its
                 inhabitants
                 ,
                 the
                 Paradise
                 of
                 
                   Italy
                   (
                   as
                   Corona
                   Pighio
                
                 frequently
                 and
                 not
                 improperly
                 calls
                 her
                 )
                 that
                 flourishing
                 part
                 of
                 the
                 Neapolitan
                 territory
                 ,
                 although
                 many
                 times
                 afflicted
                 with
                 wars
                 and
                 earthquakes
                 .
              
            
             
               
               
                 IL
                 MONTE
                 VESUVIO
                 .
              
               
                 VEsevo
                 ,
                 or
                 Vesuvio
                 ,
                 or
                 Vesuvius
                 ,
                 (
                 so
                 called
                 by
                 the
                 Antients
                 from
                 the
                 sparkling
                 )
                 was
                 a
                 most
                 fair
                 mountain
                 ;
                 and
                 formerly
                 a
                 goodly
                 Countrey
                 for
                 about
                 four
                 miles
                 compasse
                 lay
                 at
                 top
                 ,
                 which
                 then
                 produced
                 the
                 excellent
                 Graeco
                 ,
                 but
                 t
                 is
                 now
                 layed
                 wast
                 :
                 T
                 is
                 an
                 imitator
                 ,
                 and
                 companion
                 or
                 rather
                 the
                 Brother
                 of
                 flaming
                 AEtna
                 ,
                 and
                 is
                 begotten
                 by
                 earthquakes
                 and
                 fire
                 ,
                 the
                 materials
                 whereof
                 it
                 continually
                 retains
                 in
                 the
                 profoundest
                 part
                 of
                 it
                 :
                 which
                 as
                 if
                 withheld
                 within
                 it self
                 for
                 some
                 yeers
                 till
                 come
                 to
                 maturity
                 ,
                 and
                 as
                 if
                 the
                 spirits
                 were
                 summoned
                 and
                 fomented
                 ,
                 with
                 fury
                 evaporates
                 fire
                 ,
                 breaks
                 open
                 the
                 firm
                 parts
                 of
                 the
                 Mountain
                 ,
                 and
                 vomits
                 forth
                 its
                 inward
                 parts
                 ,
                 as
                 earth
                 ,
                 stones
                 ,
                 flames
                 ,
                 smoke
                 and
                 ashes
                 ,
                 throwing
                 them
                 up
                 into
                 the
                 air
                 with
                 horrid
                 noise
                 ,
                 and
                 with
                 such
                 force
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 Vesuvio
                 seems
                 to
                 imitate
                 the
                 war
                 of
                 the
                 Gyants
                 ,
                 by
                 fighting
                 against
                 Jupiter
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Gods
                 with
                 flames
                 ,
                 arms
                 ,
                 and
                 huge
                 stones
                 ,
                 (
                 some
                 whereof
                 four
                 porters
                 can
                 scarce
                 move
                 )
                 and
                 seeming
                 to
                 draw
                 the
                 Sun
                 down
                 to
                 the
                 earth
                 ,
                 to
                 change
                 the
                 day
                 into
                 night
                 ,
                 and
                 lastly
                 to
                 cover
                 the
                 very
                 heavens
                 .
                 Experience
                 and
                 the
                 testimony
                 of
                 
                   Strabo
                   ,
                   Vitruvius
                
                 and
                 other
                 antient
                 Authors
                 assures
                 us
                 ,
                 that
                 under
                 Vesuvio
                 ,
                 aud
                 the
                 adjacent
                 Maritimate
                 Mountains
                 ,
                 and
                 of
                 the
                 neighbouring
                 Islands
                 ,
                 are
                 vast
                 burning
                 sires
                 ,
                 of
                 sulphur
                 ,
                 pitch
                 ,
                 and
                 allume
                 :
                 the
                 hot
                 bathes
                 and
                 
                   sulphu
                   reons
                
                 boyling
                 fountains
                 sufficiently
                 prove
                 it
                 :
                 and
                 therefore
                 the
                 Vesuvio
                 ,
                 when
                 abounding
                 with
                 fire
                 ,
                 sometimes
                 asends
                 &
                 sometimes
                 useth
                 to
                 move
                 earthquakes
                 and
                 vast
                 ruins
                 and
                 destructions
                 .
                 That
                 incendium
                 was
                 the
                 greatest
                 and
                 most
                 famous
                 which
                 happened
                 under
                 the
                 Emperor
                 
                   Titus
                   Vespasianus
                
                 :
                 described
                 in
                 a
                 print
                 by
                 
                   Dion
                   Cassius
                
                 ,
                 and
                 other
                 Authors
                 ,
                 the
                 ashes
                 of
                 which
                 fire
                 ,
                 were
                 not
                 only
                 exported
                 to
                 Rome
                 by
                 the
                 wind
                 ,
                 but
                 over
                 the
                 Seas
                 into
                 Affrick
                 and
                 into
                 AEgypt
                 ;
                 the
                 Fish
                 in
                 the
                 boyling
                 Sea
                 were
                 dressed
                 ,
                 the
                 birds
                 were
                 suffocated
                 in
                 the
                 air
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 famous
                 and
                 most
                 antient
                 adjacent
                 Cities
                 
                   Stabia
                   ,
                   Herculeano
                
                 ,
                 and
                 Pompeo
                 ,
                 were
                 heaped
                 and
                 covered
                 over
                 with
                 ashes
                 and
                 stones
                 ,
                 while
                 the
                 people
                 were
                 sitting
                 in
                 the
                 Theatre
                 :
                 and
                 
                   C.
                   Plinius
                
                 the
                 famous
                 Naturalist
                 ,
                 who
                 then
                 governed
                 and
                 commanded
                 the
                 Armada
                 of
                 Misenus
                 ,
                 too
                 inquisitive
                 after
                 the
                 cause
                 of
                 this
                 intestine
                 fire
                 ,
                 approached
                 too
                 near
                 ,
                 and
                 by
                 the
                 heat
                 and
                 savour
                 received
                 his
                 end
                 ,
                 by
                 being
                 suffocated
                 near
                 the
                 
                   Porto
                   Herculiano
                   :
                   Francesco
                   Petrarca
                
                 noting
                 this
                 acutely
                 (
                 in
                 his
                 triumph
                 of
                 Fame
                 )
                 saies
                 he
                 wrote
                 much
                 but
                 dyed
                 little
                 discreetly
                 .
                 
                   
                     Mentr'io
                     moriva
                     ,
                     subito
                     hebbe
                     scorto
                  
                   
                     Quel
                     Plinio
                     Veronese
                     suo
                     Vicino
                  
                   
                     A
                     scriver
                     molto
                     ,
                     a
                     morir
                     poco
                     accorto
                     .
                  
                
              
               
                 Yet
                 for
                 all
                 ,
                 that
                 to
                 Pliny
                 succeeded
                 so
                 fearfull
                 his
                 dalliance
                 ,
                 
                   Stephano
                   Pighino
                
                 ,
                 himself
                 not
                 thereby
                 fore
                 warned
                 ,
                 could
                 not
                 forbear
                 ,
                 but
                 took
                 a
                 voyage
                 (
                 of
                 30.
                 yeers
                 old
                 )
                 in
                 order
                 to
                 his
                 studies
                 ,
                 into
                 Italy
                 through
                 Campania
                 and
                 Naples
                 ,
                 to
                 the
                 end
                 he
                 might
                 search
                 out
                 ,
                 and
                 behold
                 the
                 place
                 of
                 such
                 wonders
                 ,
                 although
                 very
                 high
                 ,
                 and
                 no
                 lesse
                 
                 difficult
                 to
                 ascend
                 which
                 cost
                 him
                 an
                 entire
                 dayes
                 labour
                 .
                 and
                 with
                 his
                 two
                 companions
                 ,
                 he
                 marched
                 round
                 the
                 mountain
                 ,
                 reaching
                 the
                 very
                 top
                 :
                 where
                 he
                 could
                 scarce
                 satiate
                 his
                 view
                 ,
                 in
                 looking
                 on
                 the
                 bourg
                 ,
                 the
                 Countrey
                 round
                 about
                 ,
                 the
                 Islands
                 and
                 the
                 Sea
                 :
                 Vesuvio
                 ,
                 riseth
                 in
                 the
                 midst
                 of
                 a
                 most
                 fertile
                 Countrey
                 ;
                 the
                 ashes
                 scattered
                 over
                 it
                 ,
                 the
                 stones
                 and
                 clods
                 of
                 earth
                 burnt
                 by
                 the
                 fire
                 ,
                 and
                 dissolved
                 by
                 the
                 rain
                 afterward
                 ,
                 infinitely
                 enrich
                 and
                 fructifie
                 all
                 the
                 countrey
                 ;
                 in
                 such
                 sort
                 that
                 the
                 vulgar
                 to
                 purpose
                 enough
                 ,
                 call
                 Campagna
                 ,
                 the
                 mountain
                 and
                 the
                 Castle
                 built
                 at
                 the
                 foot
                 of
                 the
                 mountain
                 ,
                 Sommano
                 from
                 Somma
                 ,
                 the
                 sum
                 and
                 wonderfull
                 abundance
                 of
                 generous
                 wines
                 ,
                 and
                 excellent
                 fruit
                 ;
                 the
                 Vesevo
                 ,
                 as
                 well
                 as
                 the
                 Campagna
                 ,
                 and
                 neighbouring
                 hills
                 ,
                 being
                 surrounded
                 with
                 fair
                 vineyards
                 .
              
               
                 So
                 also
                 Martial
                 sung
                 ,
                 that
                 in
                 his
                 time
                 it
                 was
                 green
                 ,
                 with
                 the
                 sprouts
                 of
                 the
                 vines
                 ,
                 bewailing
                 in
                 his
                 first
                 book
                 with
                 a
                 fair
                 epigram
                 that
                 fierce
                 fire
                 ,
                 happening
                 in
                 Vespasians
                 dayes
                 :
                 the
                 top
                 in
                 all
                 times
                 and
                 ages
                 hath
                 been
                 ever
                 held
                 barren
                 through
                 the
                 burned
                 stones
                 ,
                 as
                 if
                 eaten
                 up
                 by
                 flames
                 .
                 T
                 is
                 hideous
                 to
                 behold
                 the
                 deep
                 cracks
                 in
                 the
                 earth
                 through
                 which
                 the
                 streams
                 of
                 sulphur
                 pass
                 ,
                 but
                 when
                 arrived
                 at
                 top
                 the
                 Vorago
                 represents
                 hell
                 ,
                 so
                 terrifying
                 is
                 the
                 spectacle
                 ;
                 T
                 is
                 a
                 hole
                 about
                 three
                 miles
                 compass
                 and
                 round
                 ,
                 as
                 if
                 formed
                 like
                 the
                 middle
                 and
                 lower
                 part
                 of
                 an
                 Amphitheatre
                 ,
                 t
                 is
                 called
                 Lazza
                 from
                 the
                 form
                 of
                 the
                 Rock
                 Fish
                 ,
                 the
                 bottom
                 of
                 it
                 reaches
                 to
                 the
                 bowels
                 of
                 the
                 Earth
                 ,
                 The
                 place
                 is
                 cold
                 now
                 ,
                 nor
                 seems
                 it
                 to
                 emit
                 the
                 least
                 heat
                 or
                 smoak
                 which
                 the
                 said
                 Pighius
                 testifies
                 ,
                 who
                 descended
                 as
                 far
                 into
                 that
                 profundity
                 as
                 the
                 the
                 precipices
                 and
                 obscurity
                 of
                 the
                 place
                 would
                 permit
                 ;
                 the
                 first
                 entrance
                 of
                 the
                 Vorago
                 ,
                 is
                 fertile
                 through
                 the
                 earth
                 and
                 ashes
                 cast
                 on
                 it
                 ,
                 and
                 growes
                 green
                 through
                 the
                 firre
                 and
                 other
                 great
                 trees
                 growing
                 in
                 it
                 ,
                 as
                 far
                 as
                 the
                 Sun
                 can
                 reflect
                 into
                 it
                 ,
                 or
                 the
                 rains
                 penetrate
                 ;
                 but
                 the
                 parts
                 under
                 ,
                 restrained
                 to
                 a
                 narrow
                 compass
                 are
                 as
                 t
                 were
                 stopped
                 by
                 the
                 great
                 pieces
                 of
                 stone
                 and
                 rocks
                 ,
                 and
                 arms
                 and
                 bodies
                 of
                 trees
                 fallen
                 down
                 :
                 which
                 obstructions
                 ,
                 when
                 the
                 in
                 ward
                 Materials
                 of
                 fire
                 abound
                 ,
                 like
                 little
                 bundles
                 of
                 straw
                 are
                 easily
                 raised
                 and
                 mounted
                 to
                 the
                 skyes
                 ,
                 by
                 the
                 invincible
                 force
                 of
                 its
                 smoake
                 or
                 flames
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 fire
                 also
                 is
                 known
                 to
                 open
                 it self
                 a
                 way
                 ,
                 not
                 only
                 by
                 the
                 ordinary
                 mouth
                 ,
                 but
                 on
                 other
                 sides
                 also
                 ,
                 as
                 occasion
                 offers
                 ;
                 whereof
                 we
                 have
                 a
                 memorial
                 in
                 the
                 Italian
                 Annales
                 :
                 To
                 wit
                 that
                 two
                 hundred
                 sixty
                 and
                 six
                 yeers
                 since
                 ,
                 in
                 the
                 Pontificacy
                 of
                 Benedict
                 the
                 9th
                 .
                 from
                 one
                 side
                 of
                 the
                 Mountain
                 gushed
                 out
                 a
                 stream
                 or
                 river
                 of
                 flames
                 which
                 ran
                 into
                 the
                 Sea
                 ,
                 in
                 a
                 liquid
                 fire
                 like
                 water
                 :
                 the
                 issue
                 and
                 footsteps
                 of
                 which
                 Cavern
                 t
                 is
                 said
                 appear
                 yet
                 :
                 The
                 Roman
                 History
                 tells
                 us
                 that
                 besides
                 the
                 mouth
                 ,
                 it
                 had
                 other
                 issues
                 and
                 courses
                 for
                 the
                 flames
                 of
                 old
                 :
                 for
                 instance
                 ,
                 it
                 saies
                 that
                 Spartacus
                 the
                 sword-player
                 having
                 begun
                 to
                 raise
                 the
                 war
                 of
                 the
                 Fugitives
                 against
                 the
                 Romans
                 in
                 Campania
                 ,
                 and
                 having
                 possessed
                 the
                 mountain
                 Vesuvius
                 with
                 his
                 army
                 ,
                 as
                 a
                 strong
                 fortress
                 and
                 sure
                 retreat
                 for
                 war
                 ,
                 and
                 being
                 there
                 afterwards
                 besieged
                 ,
                 he
                 escaped
                 from
                 the
                 Roman
                 siege
                 by
                 an
                 admirable
                 way
                 :
                 for
                 that
                 covertly
                 fastning
                 chains
                 at
                 the
                 mouth
                 of
                 the
                 Mountain
                 ,
                 he
                 with
                 his
                 companions
                 let
                 themselves
                 down
                 to
                 the
                 bottom
                 :
                 (
                 as
                 
                   L.
                   Florus
                
                 briefly
                 relates
                 in
                 his
                 third
                 book
                 of
                 the
                 Roman
                 history
                 )
                 whence
                 issuing
                 forth
                 by
                 an
                 obscure
                 breach
                 ,
                 he
                 at
                 unawares
                 
                 put
                 to
                 sack
                 the
                 quarters
                 of
                 the
                 Captain
                 Clodi●…s
                 ,
                 and
                 of
                 the
                 rest
                 who
                 were
                 at
                 the
                 siege
                 :
                 who
                 never
                 conceived
                 the
                 least
                 thought
                 of
                 it
                 .
              
               
                 Whither
                 at
                 this
                 day
                 any
                 subterranean
                 wayes
                 or
                 caverns
                 ,
                 leading
                 from
                 the
                 Vineyards
                 to
                 the
                 mouth
                 of
                 the
                 Mountain
                 ,
                 are
                 found
                 out
                 ▪
                 I
                 cannot
                 tell
                 .
                 Pighius
                 assuredly
                 tells
                 us
                 ,
                 that
                 he
                 observed
                 at
                 the
                 top
                 of
                 the
                 mountain
                 about
                 the
                 mouth
                 ,
                 certain
                 vents
                 ,
                 whence
                 proceeded
                 a
                 continual
                 heat
                 :
                 wherein
                 putting
                 his
                 hand
                 ,
                 he
                 perceived
                 clearly
                 a
                 heat
                 although
                 small
                 and
                 without
                 smoke
                 or
                 vapour
                 :
                 but
                 our
                 Country
                 man
                 Raymond
                 observed
                 in
                 his
                 view
                 there
                 ,
                 a
                 certain
                 hill
                 rising
                 in
                 the
                 midst
                 of
                 the
                 Vorago
                 ,
                 that
                 still
                 vomits
                 thick
                 smoke
                 ,
                 which
                 he
                 saies
                 the
                 fire
                 within
                 hath
                 raised
                 within
                 few
                 years
                 ,
                 that
                 it
                 dayly
                 encreaseth
                 ,
                 and
                 when
                 grown
                 to
                 a
                 fuller
                 bulk
                 ,
                 
                   Caveat
                   Neapolis
                
                 .
                 Thus
                 much
                 touching
                 the
                 Vesuvius
                 .
              
               
                 Between
                 the
                 mountain
                 Vesuvius
                 and
                 Attella
                 ,
                 in
                 the
                 Mediterran●…
                 ,
                 are
                 scituate
                 ,
                 
                   Mereliano
                   ,
                   Acerra
                
                 ,
                 and
                 Sessola
                 ,
                 at
                 present
                 ruinated
                 ,
                 of
                 old
                 possessed
                 by
                 the
                 Camps
                 of
                 the
                 Leborini
                 ,
                 where
                 the
                 Romans
                 and
                 the
                 Samnity
                 fought
                 most
                 fiercely
                 :
                 hither
                 reach
                 those
                 mountains
                 of
                 Capua
                 ,
                 called
                 by
                 the
                 Antients
                 Tisata
                 ,
                 and
                 those
                 that
                 extended
                 towards
                 the
                 Mole
                 Northwards
                 ;
                 here
                 is
                 
                   Forche
                   Caudino
                
                 ,
                 and
                 other
                 Castles
                 with
                 many
                 inhabited
                 places
                 ,
                 among
                 which
                 the
                 chief
                 is
                 the
                 Castle
                 of
                 Aciola
                 :
                 at
                 the
                 foot
                 of
                 these
                 mountains
                 lies
                 Caserta
                 the
                 City
                 and
                 Country
                 of
                 the
                 great
                 Cardinal
                 Santorino
                 ,
                 called
                 
                   Santa
                   Severina
                
                 :
                 near
                 which
                 lye
                 
                   Maddalone
                   ,
                   Orazano
                
                 and
                 Argentino
                 ;
                 Behind
                 Tifata
                 on
                 the
                 back
                 of
                 the
                 Mountain
                 is
                 scituate
                 Sarno
                 ,
                 flowing
                 with
                 waters
                 by
                 means
                 of
                 the
                 River
                 Sarno
                 ,
                 which
                 there
                 takes
                 its
                 rise
                 :
                 these
                 are
                 mediterranean
                 places
                 about
                 Naples
                 and
                 Campana
                 ,
                 whence
                 you
                 go
                 to
                 the
                 Marca
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Kingdom
                 ,
                 whereof
                 Naples
                 is
                 the
                 Metropolis
                 ,
                 cōmenceth
                 from
                 Latium
                 that
                 part
                 where
                 the
                 River
                 Ufente
                 runs
                 into
                 the
                 Terreno
                 ;
                 Then
                 towards
                 the
                 Apenines
                 it
                 passeth
                 to
                 Terracina
                 ,
                 thence
                 to
                 Frigella
                 ,
                 or
                 
                   Ponte
                   curvo
                   ,
                   Ceperano
                   ,
                   Rieti
                   ,
                   Tagliacozze
                
                 a
                 Ducal
                 City
                 ,
                 and
                 Matrice
                 ,
                 where
                 Trent
                 begins
                 its
                 source
                 ,
              
               
                 Then
                 follow
                 the
                 way
                 along
                 the
                 River
                 for
                 eighteen
                 miles
                 to
                 
                   Colonia
                   de
                   gli
                   Ascolani
                
                 ,
                 where
                 the
                 River
                 dischargeth
                 it self
                 into
                 the
                 
                   Adriatick
                   Sea
                
                 :
                 that
                 part
                 of
                 the
                 Kingdome
                 opposite
                 to
                 the
                 Promontory
                 called
                 of
                 old
                 Leucoperta
                 ,
                 now
                 
                   Capo
                   Dell'armi
                
                 ,
                 respecting
                 Sicilia
                 ,
                 is
                 distant
                 from
                 Poggio
                 ,
                 forty
                 eight
                 stadii
                 ,
                 each
                 of
                 which
                 contains
                 125
                 paces
                 ;
                 whose
                 head
                 is
                 called
                 Tarlo
                 :
                 T
                 is
                 418
                 miles
                 of
                 way
                 to
                 go
                 by
                 
                   Terracina
                   ,
                   Bossento
                
                 ,
                 and
                 Reggio
                 towards
                 Naples
                 .
                 This
                 Kingdom
                 of
                 Naples
                 is
                 one
                 thousand
                 four
                 hundred
                 and
                 sixty
                 eight
                 mile
                 in
                 circuit
                 :
                 whereto
                 some
                 have
                 assigned
                 ten
                 provinces
                 ,
                 others
                 nine
                 ,
                 others
                 seaven
                 and
                 we
                 thirteen
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 
                   Terra
                   di
                   Lavoro
                
                 ,
                 taking
                 in
                 Naples
                 ,
                 hath
                 three
                 Arch-Bishops
                 ,
                 twenty
                 five
                 Bishopricks
                 ,
                 one
                 hundred
                 sixty
                 six
                 Castles
                 surrounded
                 with
                 walls
                 ,
                 and
                 one
                 hundred
                 and
                 sixty
                 Towns
                 :
                 the
                 Principality
                 named
                 
                   Di
                   quà
                
                 on
                 this
                 side
                 hath
                 twelve
                 Cities
                 ,
                 two
                 hundred
                 and
                 eighteen
                 Castles
                 ;
                 the
                 Principality
                 
                   Di
                   là
                
                 beyond
                 ,
                 eleaven
                 Cities
                 ,
                 one
                 hundred
                 forty
                 and
                 one
                 Castles
                 ,
                 the
                 fairest
                 among
                 which
                 is
                 
                   Consa
                   .
                   La
                   Ba●…ilicata
                
                 ,
                 hath
                 ten
                 Cities
                 ,
                 ninety
                 three
                 Castles
                 ,
                 the
                 fairest
                 
                   Venesa
                   .
                   La
                   Calabria
                   di
                   quà
                   ,
                
                 hath
                 ten
                 Cities
                 ,
                 one
                 hundred
                 sixty
                 two
                 Towers
                 and
                 Villages
                 .
                 
                   La
                   Calabria
                   di
                   là
                
                 ,
                 wherein
                 is
                 Reggio
                 ,
                 hath
                 sixteen
                 Cities
                 and
                 
                 one
                 hundrd
                 and
                 thirty
                 Castles
                 .
                 The
                 Province
                 of
                 Otranto
                 hath
                 besides
                 Brindesi
                 ,
                 thirteen
                 other
                 Cities
                 ,
                 and
                 one
                 hundred
                 fifty
                 eight
                 Castles
                 or
                 Towns.
                 The
                 Province
                 
                   de
                   Bari
                
                 hath
                 fourteen
                 Cities
                 and
                 fifty
                 Castles
                 .
                 
                   La
                   Capitaota
                
                 ,
                 thirteen
                 Cities
                 and
                 fifty
                 Towns
                 ,
                 whereof
                 the
                 most
                 notable
                 is
                 Manfredonia
                 :
                 The
                 Countrey
                 of
                 Moliseo
                 ,
                 four
                 Cities
                 ,
                 one
                 hundred
                 and
                 four
                 Castles
                 ,
                 the
                 fairest
                 
                   Trivento
                   .
                   L'abruzzo
                   di
                   quà
                
                 hath
                 five
                 Cities
                 ,
                 one
                 hundred
                 and
                 fifty
                 Castles
                 ,
                 the
                 chief
                 
                   Teate
                   .
                   L'Abruzzo
                   di
                   là
                
                 ,
                 besides
                 Aquila
                 ,
                 hath
                 four
                 other
                 Cities
                 and
                 two
                 hundred
                 eighty
                 four
                 Castles
                 :
                 but
                 with
                 more
                 brevity
                 to
                 speak
                 of
                 them
                 ,
                 this
                 Kingdom
                 ,
                 hath
                 twenty
                 Arch-Bishopricks
                 ,
                 one
                 hundred
                 twenty
                 &
                 five
                 Bishopricks
                 ,
                 ten
                 Principalitys
                 ,
                 twenty
                 three
                 Dutchies
                 ,
                 thirty
                 Marquisates
                 ,
                 fifty
                 four
                 Earld
                 omes
                 with
                 authority
                 over
                 their
                 subjects
                 ,
                 fifteen
                 Lords
                 who
                 have
                 jurisdiction
                 ,
                 four
                 hundred
                 forty
                 three
                 petty
                 Lords
                 with
                 title
                 and
                 authority
                 .
                 a
                 thousand
                 Towns
                 enclosed
                 with
                 walls
                 ,
                 and
                 villages
                 in
                 great
                 number
                 .
                 The
                 most
                 famous
                 Islands
                 of
                 this
                 Kingdom
                 are
                 
                   Enaria
                   ,
                   Procida
                   ,
                   Lipari
                
                 :
                 and
                 thirteen
                 others
                 of
                 small
                 fame
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Offices
                 of
                 this
                 Kingdom
                 are
                 great
                 Comestable
                 ,
                 who
                 is
                 Viceroy
                 .
                 Grand
                 Justiciary
                 ,
                 Grand
                 Admiral
                 ,
                 Grand
                 Chamberlain
                 ,
                 Grand
                 Prothonotariy
                 ,
                 Grand
                 Mareschal
                 ,
                 Grand
                 Chancellor
                 :
                 as
                 also
                 the
                 Sindico
                 or
                 Judge
                 ,
                 who
                 publiquely
                 performs
                 his
                 office
                 ,
                 in
                 attending
                 the
                 busine●…s
                 of
                 the
                 City
                 Naples
                 :
                 which
                 hath
                 five
                 kindes
                 of
                 assembly
                 of
                 the
                 Nobles
                 :
                 
                   di
                   Nido
                   ,
                   di
                   Porta
                   Nova
                   ,
                   di
                   Capuana
                   ,
                   di
                   Montagna
                   ,
                   di
                   Porto
                
                 ;
                 which
                 congregations
                 or
                 assemblies
                 ,
                 although
                 under
                 other
                 denominations
                 ,
                 the
                 City
                 Capua
                 likewise
                 enjoyes
              
               
                 Many
                 Cities
                 most
                 antient
                 and
                 adorned
                 with
                 signal
                 conditions
                 have
                 been
                 in
                 this
                 Kingdom
                 ,
                 whose
                 memory
                 is
                 yet
                 in
                 being
                 ,
                 except
                 
                   Osea
                   ,
                   Metaponto
                   ,
                   Sibari
                
                 ,
                 and
                 others
                 hereafter
                 spoken
                 of
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Foster
                 Children
                 of
                 this
                 Kingdome
                 ,
                 truly
                 famous
                 in
                 Letters
                 ,
                 were
                 
                   Archita
                   ,
                   Eurito
                   ,
                   Alemeone
                   ,
                   Zenone
                   ,
                   Leucippus
                   ,
                   Parmenides
                   ,
                   Timeus
                   ,
                   Ennius
                   ,
                   Lucillus
                   ,
                   Pocuvins
                   ,
                   Horatius
                   ,
                   Ovidius
                   ,
                   Statius
                   ,
                   Juve●…al
                   ,
                   Salustius
                   ,
                   Cicero
                   ,
                
                 and
                 
                   San
                   Thomasus
                
                 ,
                 besides
                 others
                 more
                 modern
              
               
                 I
                 wil
                 be
                 silent
                 of
                 such
                 
                   sommi
                   Pontifici
                
                 ,
                 or
                 Popes
                 ,
                 the
                 Emperors
                 ,
                 Kings
                 ,
                 the
                 valorous
                 Captains
                 of
                 war
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 thousands
                 of
                 Prelates
                 ,
                 Princes
                 and
                 Heroes
                 ,
                 as
                 likewise
                 of
                 the
                 male
                 and
                 female
                 Saints
                 ,
                 (
                 who
                 perpetually
                 contemplate
                 the
                 Countenance
                 of
                 God
                 )
                 as
                 this
                 Kingdom
                 hath
                 happily
                 given
                 birth
                 to
                 .
              
               
                 These
                 following
                 have
                 been
                 Lords
                 of
                 the
                 Kingdom
                 of
                 Naples
                 ,
                 to
                 wit
                 ,
                 the
                 Greeks
                 ,
                 the
                 Goths
                 ,
                 the
                 Vandals
                 ,
                 the
                 
                   Longobards
                   ,
                   Sarazens
                
                 ,
                 the
                 Turks
                 ,
                 the
                 Hormeni
                 ,
                 the
                 Suevi
                 ,
                 the
                 French
                 ,
                 the
                 Catalonians
                 the
                 Arrago●…ians
                 ,
                 the
                 Flemmings
                 or
                 Spaniards
                 ,
                 and
                 sometime
                 ,
                 the
                 not
                 to
                 be
                 forgotten
                 Romans
                 .
              
            
          
           
             
             
               The
               Journey
               towards
               POZZUOLO
               .
            
             
               THe
               Mountain
               Pausilippus
               ,
               though
               very
               high
               is
               well
               manured
               with
               vineyards
               ,
               and
               rich
               Townes
               also
               in
               old
               time
               as
               we
               collect
               from
               Pliny
               and
               others
               ;
               it
               extends
               into
               the
               Sea
               in
               form
               of
               a
               Promontory
               ,
               and
               shuts
               up
               the
               way
               between
               Naples
               and
               Pozzuolo
               ,
               and
               was
               an
               intollerable
               toyle
               to
               the
               Travellers
               to
               pass
               over
               or
               go
               round
               it
               ,
               before
               t
               was
               cut
               in
               two
               ;
               t
               is
               now
               by
               the
               industry
               of
               the
               passengers
               ,
               through
               their
               hollowing
               it
               for
               the
               head
               ,
               and
               levelling
               it
               for
               the
               feet
               become
               the
               mistress
               of
               waies
               ,
               being
               strait
               ,
               plain
               and
               easy
               :
               therefore
               the
               Graecians
               to
               the
               purpose
               by
               a
               word
               in
               their
               tongue
               called
               it
               Pausilippo
               ,
               as
               if
               they
               would
               say
               a
               remover
               of
               troubles
               and
               labour
               :
               by
               which
               surname
               the
               Graecians
               of
               old
               called
               Jupiter
               ,
               as
               we
               read
               in
               Sophocles
               .
               The
               mountain
               is
               hollowed
               within
               for
               one
               thousand
               paces
               in
               length
               ,
               twelve
               foot
               wide
               ,
               and
               as
               much
               more
               in
               heighth
               ,
               on
               which
               as
               Strabo
               writes
               two
               Carts
               may
               commodiously
               meet
               and
               pass
               under
               earth
               :
               Seneca
               calls
               the
               cavern
               
                 Cripta
                 Neapolitana
              
               :
               though
               now
               the
               name
               is
               changed
               for
               Grotta
               ,
               where
               he
               writes
               to
               Lucullus
               in
               the
               58.
               epistle
               ,
               to
               have
               run
               the
               whole
               fortune
               of
               the
               Atlesi
               ,
               for
               that
               he
               found
               copiously
               in
               a
               part
               of
               the
               muddy
               way
               ,
               implaistrings
               ,
               and
               in
               the
               same
               cavern
               ,
               abundance
               of
               the
               dust
               of
               Pozzuolo
               :
               we
               also
               have
               proved
               and
               tryed
               that
               dust
               ,
               as
               others
               did
               .
               for
               we
               find
               that
               troops
               in
               the
               passage
               by
               foot
               or
               horse
               raise
               the
               dust
               ,
               and
               that
               at
               our
               issuing
               out
               of
               that
               obscurity
               we
               were
               all
               yellow
               ,
               and
               looking
               and
               laughing
               at
               one
               another
               we
               much
               wondered
               at
               it
               ,
               finding
               a
               more
               then
               desirable
               inconvenience
               ;
               in
               cleansing
               our selves
               of
               that
               filth
               .
               The
               cause
               of
               which
               dust
               is
               easily
               known
               to
               proceed
               from
               the
               exclusion
               of
               the
               wind
               and
               rain
               ,
               so
               that
               the
               raised
               dust
               (
               as
               Seneca
               saies
               )
               having
               no
               Vent
               falls
               down
               on
               it self
               ,
               or
               on
               those
               that
               raise
               it
               :
               whence
               we
               collect
               that
               in
               the
               time
               of
               Nero
               this
               cavern
               had
               no
               Casements
               or
               breathings
               whereby
               it
               might
               receive
               air
               or
               light
               ,
               more
               then
               at
               the
               entrance
               and
               end
               ,
               because
               Seneca
               calls
               it
               a
               long
               and
               obscure
               prison
               ,
               where
               nothing
               is
               to
               be
               seen
               but
               darkness
               .
               Yet
               
                 Cornelius
                 Strabo
              
               testifies
               ,
               by
               the
               riving
               or
               chops
               of
               the
               Mountain
               in
               divers
               places
               ,
               that
               many
               windows
               gave
               it
               light
               ,
               which
               being
               closed
               or
               earthed
               up
               ,
               either
               through
               the
               earthquakes
               or
               the
               carelesness
               of
               the
               times
               ,
               we
               may
               rationally
               imagine
               ,
               rendred
               this
               longcavern
               so
               darksom
               .
               
                 Pietro
                 Rassano
              
               a
               Sicilian
               Bishop
               of
               Lucerie
               writes
               ,
               that
               in
               his
               time
               ,
               which
               we
               may
               count
               to
               be
               above
               250.
               yeers
               since
               ,
               this
               cavern
               was
               found
               without
               any
               holes
               ,
               and
               without
               light
               ,
               and
               that
               the
               entrance
               and
               the
               out-passage
               were
               so
               filled
               up
               with
               ruines
               and
               bushes
               ,
               that
               t
               was
               terrible
               to
               enter
               without
               light
               :
               and
               that
               therefore
               the
               King
               of
               the
               
                 Arragonians
                 Alfonsus
              
               the
               first
               ,
               having
               reduced
               this
               Province
               ,
               enlarged
               and
               levelled
               the
               way
               and
               the
               entrance
               of
               the
               Caverne
               ,
               and
               closing
               the
               top
               of
               the
               Cavern
               opened
               two
               lights
               ,
               which
               obliquely
               enlighten
               it
               ,
               whose
               reflection
               at
               a
               distance
               seems
               to
               the
               aspicients
               ,
               snow
               scattered
               on
               the
               earth
               :
               in
               the
               midst
               of
               this
               darksome
               way
               is
               a
               little
               sacred
               place
               cut
               in
               the
               walls
               of
               the
               mountain
               ,
               where
               night
               and
               day
               a
               lamp
               perpetually
               burns
               ,
               which
               puts
               the
               travellers
               in
               remembrance
               
               of
               the
               eternal
               light
               ,
               and
               shews
               in
               a
               painted
               tablet
               our
               salvation
               ,
               proceeding
               from
               the
               virgin
               Mother
               Mary
               :
               a
               Lampe
               perpetually
               burns
               there
               ,
               and
               the
               words
               at
               the
               Incounter
               are
               
                 Alla
                 Marina
                 ,
                 Alla
                 Montagne
              
               .
            
             
               In
               our
               times
               
                 D
                 :
                 Pietro
                 di
                 Toledo
              
               ,
               magnificently
               restored
               and
               aggrandized
               this
               work
               so
               worthy
               of
               eternity
               ,
               being
               then
               governor
               of
               Naples
               Kingdom
               by
               the
               favour
               of
               the
               Emperor
               Charls
               the
               fifth
               :
               the
               way
               is
               now
               become
               so
               strait
               ,
               that
               it
               seems
               to
               such
               as
               enter
               the
               cavern
               ,
               a
               Star
               ,
               to
               which
               they
               ought
               to
               direct
               their
               course
               in
               the
               darkness
               ,
               by
               means
               whereof
               ,
               with
               what
               pleasure
               they
               behold
               all
               such
               as
               enter
               on
               foot
               or
               horsback
               at
               the
               other
               end
               ,
               who
               seem
               like
               Pigmies
               at
               that
               distance
               ,
               is
               scarce
               imaginable
               .
               Divers
               are
               the
               opinions
               of
               the
               learned
               touching
               the
               time
               and
               beginning
               of
               this
               great
               work
               worthy
               of
               the
               mind
               of
               Serse
               :
               omitting
               the
               idle
               prating
               of
               the
               vulgar
               who
               attribute
               it
               to
               the
               magick
               incantations
               of
               the
               Poet
               Virgil
               ,
               whose
               ashes
               by
               the
               opinion
               of
               many
               ly
               at
               the
               mouth
               of
               the
               Cavern
               :
               or
               of
               others
               who
               make
               one
               Basso
               the
               author
               ,
               of
               whom
               there
               is
               no
               record
               among
               the
               antients
               :
               we
               beleive
               we
               may
               draw
               from
               
                 Strabo
                 ,
                 Eforus
                 ,
                 Homerus
              
               and
               other
               greek
               writers
               ,
               that
               the
               Cimmerij
               a
               most
               antient
               people
               dwelt
               in
               that
               Canton
               of
               Campania
               ,
               between
               
                 Baio
                 ,
                 Lucerno
              
               ,
               and
               Averno
               ,
               and
               that
               they
               lay
               in
               denns
               and
               subterranean
               Caves
               ,
               and
               that
               running
               the
               one
               to
               the
               other
               they
               dug
               out
               metals
               ,
               and
               hollowed
               mountains
               ,
               and
               in
               profound
               Caverns
               exercised
               (
               by
               means
               of
               their
               Priests
               ,
               )
               Negromancy
               and
               inchantments
               ,
               conducting
               travellers
               ,
               and
               pilgrims
               to
               the
               oracles
               of
               the
               infernal
               gods
               :
               which
               people
               being
               destroyed
               ,
               the
               Greeks
               ,
               who
               succeeded
               them
               and
               built
               Cuma
               and
               Naples
               ,
               accommodated
               as
               most
               suppose
               those
               Caves
               of
               the
               Cimmerii
               into
               hot
               baths
               ,
               and
               baths
               ,
               ways
               and
               other
               conveniences
               for
               humane
               use
               .
               So
               likewise
               the
               Romans
               ,
               after
               the
               example
               of
               the
               Grecians
               ,
               being
               chiefly
               enclined
               to
               great
               and
               magnificent
               impreses
               encreased
               these
               laborious
               under-ground
               structures
               ,
               and
               at
               the
               time
               when
               they
               became
               the
               Lords
               of
               the
               world
               ,
               they
               there
               erected
               their
               Palaces
               of
               Recreation
               ,
               and
               Mannor
               houses
               little
               inferiour
               to
               Castles
               when
               the
               rare
               quality
               of
               the
               dust
               of
               Pozzuolo
               was
               discovered
               (
               extracted
               from
               those
               mountains
               )
               to
               be
               very
               efficacious
               for
               binding
               ,
               building
               ,
               and
               establishing
               foundations
               of
               Edifices
               in
               the
               waters
               .
               Strabo
               affirms
               that
               in
               his
               time
               
                 M.
                 Agrippa
              
               under
               Augustus
               ,
               cutting
               up
               the
               wood
               on
               the
               mountain
               Avernus
               ,
               which
               corrupted
               the
               air
               ,
               among
               the
               other
               antique
               &
               magnificent
               things
               found
               out
               a
               subterranean
               cavern
               hollowed
               even
               to
               Cuma
               ,
               the
               which
               as
               was
               conjectured
               ,
               together
               with
               another
               between
               Naples
               and
               Pozzuolo
               ,
               was
               made
               by
               one
               Cocceio
               ;
               and
               that
               in
               his
               time
               the
               custom
               of
               the
               Countrey
               was
               to
               make
               such
               underground
               waies
               and
               Caverns
               :
               from
               whose
               words
               we
               collect
               ,
               that
               for
               a
               long
               time
               before
               Strabo
               ,
               the
               Cocceian
               family
               were
               got
               together
               in
               Campania
               ,
               and
               that
               the
               place
               was
               called
               Spelonca
               though
               for
               truth
               we
               cannot
               set
               down
               any
               thing
               of
               certain
               of
               him
               that
               first
               made
               it
               :
               nor
               is
               it
               probable
               to
               me
               ,
               that
               Strabo
               could
               be
               ignorant
               of
               the
               deeds
               of
               
                 L.
                 Lucullus
              
               ,
               the
               which
               in
               those
               places
               were
               very
               great
               and
               of
               excessive
               expence
               ,
               from
               which
               he
               was
               called
               
                 Serse
                 Togato
              
               ,
               by
               
                 Pompeius
                 Magnus
              
               ,
               by
               Tuberone
               ,
               by
               Cicero
               ,
               and
               the
               other
               principal
               men
               of
               Rome
               :
               wherefore
               their
               sence
               pleaseth
               me
               ,
               who
               impose
               on
               him
               the
               concavating
               the
               Pausilipus
               for
               the
               conveniency
               of
               his
               
               Villa
               :
               because
               t
               is
               written
               by
               
                 Marcus
                 Varro
                 ,
                 Pliny
              
               ,
               and
               others
               ,
               that
               
                 L.
                 Lucullus
              
               cut
               a
               mountain
               in
               the
               midst
               of
               Naples
               ,
               with
               greater
               cost
               ,
               then
               he
               expended
               in
               building
               his
               Manor
               house
               :
               for
               to
               what
               end
               should
               he
               ?
               not
               to
               level
               and
               accomodate
               the
               way
               for
               passengers
               :
               but
               rather
               to
               open
               a
               gulfe
               of
               the
               Sea.
               whereby
               at
               his
               pleasure
               to
               admit
               and
               let
               in
               Sea
               water
               to
               his
               Fishponds
               that
               so
               the
               caves
               of
               the
               mountain
               might
               be
               a
               good
               receipt
               for
               his
               Fish
               (
               which
               he
               kept
               alive
               )
               to
               lye
               in
               as
               well
               in
               Winter
               as
               Summer
               .
            
             
               At
               the
               outgoing
               of
               this
               Cavern
               ,
               you
               perceive
               by
               little
               &
               little
               the
               odour
               of
               brimstone
               in
               the
               air
               ,
               which
               here
               and
               there
               proceeds
               out
               of
               divers
               vaults
               .
               By
               it
               lies
               the
               Lake
               Aniano
               ,
               in
               similitude
               of
               an
               Amphitheatre
               surrounded
               and
               shut
               in
               on
               all
               sides
               by
               the
               Mountains
               ,
               and
               through
               a
               mouth
               of
               a
               hill
               cut
               with
               iron
               great
               plenty
               of
               Sea
               watet
               ,
               and
               great
               concaves
               ,
               made
               ponds
               for
               Fish
               ,
               at
               present
               filled
               with
               mud
               ,
               sand
               ,
               and
               ruines
               of
               structures
               :
               Leandro
               and
               others
               write
               from
               the
               relation
               of
               the
               peasants
               there
               ,
               that
               in
               the
               midst
               of
               the
               Lake
               there
               is
               no
               mud
               :
               and
               that
               in
               the
               spring
               time
               ,
               with
               great
               noyse
               &
               fury
               fall
               down
               from
               the
               highest
               praecipices
               of
               the
               rocks
               there
               round
               in
               to
               these
               waters
               Knots
               of
               Serpents
               knit
               and
               bound
               together
               ,
               which
               are
               never
               seen
               again
               to
               get
               out
               .
            
             
               Near
               them
               are
               the
               sweating
               Rooms
               of
               Germanus
               vaulted
               :
               from
               under
               which
               ,
               through
               the
               superficies
               rise
               vapours
               so
               hot
               ,
               that
               who
               enters
               though
               naked
               ,
               shall
               soon
               perceive
               a
               mighty
               sweat
               trickle
               down
               his
               body
               .
            
             
               Wherefore
               those
               places
               are
               held
               of
               exceeding
               validity
               to
               such
               as
               suffer
               under
               the
               gout
               by
               purging
               the
               bad
               and
               malevolent
               humours
               ,
               they
               heal
               internal
               wounds
               ,
               and
               are
               helpfull
               for
               many
               infirmities
               of
               the
               body
               :
               which
               if
               any
               desire
               ampler
               satisfaction
               in
               ,
               he
               may
               read
               the
               Tract
               of
               
                 Gio
                 Francesco
                 Lombardo
              
               ,
               who
               gives
               an
               account
               of
               all
               such
               as
               have
               writ
               in
               verse
               or
               prose
               of
               the
               baths
               and
               wonders
               of
               Pozzuolo
               but
               we
               are
               obliged
               to
               too
               much
               hast
               ,
               to
               relate
               with
               care
               and
               amplitude
               all
               particulars
               wee
               meet
               with
               .
            
             
               In
               the
               Campagnia
               of
               
                 Pozzuolo
                 ,
                 Baia
                 ,
                 Cuma
              
               ,
               and
               the
               near
               Island
               Enarie
               ,
               by
               the
               old
               Greeks
               called
               Pythecus
               ,
               are
               found
               great
               quantity
               of
               the
               like
               Miracles
               ,
               that
               it
               might
               be
               well
               beleived
               that
               there
               nature
               serves
               Apollo
               perpetually
               ,
               and
               
                 AEsculapius
                 ,
                 Higia
              
               ,
               and
               the
               Nymphs
               :
               although
               the
               earthquakes
               ,
               and
               the
               volleys
               of
               fire
               which
               frequently
               happen
               ,
               demonstrate
               sufficiently
               that
               in
               divers
               places
               ,
               that
               as
               well
               under
               the
               foundation
               of
               the
               Sea
               ,
               as
               under
               the
               Mountains
               ,
               and
               in
               the
               lowest
               parts
               of
               the
               Earth
               great
               fires
               are
               kindled
               ,
               whose
               boyling
               vapours
               and
               flames
               working
               their
               own
               way
               through
               the
               veins
               of
               Allum
               ,
               sulphure
               ,
               pitch
               and
               other
               materials
               ,
               cause
               to
               rise
               in
               divers
               places
               hot
               and
               boyling
               fountains
               ,
               and
               create
               baths
               in
               the
               Caverns
               comodious
               for
               sweating
               .
               Yet
               the
               nature
               and
               faculty
               of
               these
               things
               are
               different
               ,
               being
               conformed
               to
               the
               propriety
               of
               the
               materials
               and
               the
               earth
               whence
               the
               source
               proceeds
               :
               so
               that
               among
               the
               medicinal
               and
               healthfull
               faculty
               of
               these
               waters
               ,
               we
               find
               some
               waters
               and
               vapours
               mortal
               ,
               which
               issue
               out
               of
               some
               muddy
               earth
               ,
               evil
               in
               it self
               .
               Pliny
               in
               the
               second
               of
               his
               natural
               Histories
               writes
               ,
               that
               in
               Italy
               ,
               and
               particularly
               in
               the
               Campagna
               of
               Si●…vessa
               ,
               and
               Pozzuolo
               ,
               are
               vents
               or
               breathings
               ,
               so
               evil
               ,
               that
               they
               evaporate
               a
               mortall
               air
               .
            
             
             
               At
               the
               foot
               of
               the
               mountain
               which
               circles
               the
               Lak
               Anianus
               ,
               not
               far
               from
               the
               said
               waters
               appears
               a
               Cave
               called
               
                 Grotta
                 di
                 Cane
              
               ,
               eight
               or
               nine
               paces
               in
               circuit
               ,
               by
               which
               mouth
               two
               or
               more
               men
               may
               commodiously
               enter
               together
               :
               where
               from
               the
               inmost
               part
               of
               the
               stone
               ,
               from
               its
               invisible
               pores
               proceed
               hot
               spirits
               ,
               but
               so
               subtile
               and
               dry
               ,
               that
               they
               carry
               not
               with
               them
               any
               similitude
               of
               smoke
               or
               vapour
               ,
               although
               they
               condense
               the
               air
               ,
               driven
               thither
               by
               the
               wind
               and
               the
               colds
               of
               the
               Cavern
               with
               great
               heat
               ,
               and
               change
               them
               into
               water
               ,
               as
               the
               d●…ops
               demonstrate
               which
               hang
               at
               the
               entrance
               of
               the
               Cave
               ,
               shining
               like
               little
               sta●…rs
               ,
               when
               they
               are
               beheld
               at
               the
               opening
               of
               the
               Cave
               ,
               by
               those
               without
               in
               the
               light
               :
               they
               have
               been
               often
               ▪
               taken
               for
               drops
               of
               quicksilver
               .
               All
               men
               generally
               believe
               this
               Grotta
               to
               have
               such
               an
               innate
               property
               that
               if
               any
               living
               thing
               should
               pass
               the
               prefixed
               term
               of
               a
               certain
               ditch
               in
               the
               entrance
               ,
               it
               would
               without
               doubt
               suddenly
               fall
               upon
               the
               earth
               ,
               and
               would
               be
               wholly
               deprived
               of
               life
               ,
               if
               not
               immediately
               drawn
               out
               ,
               and
               cast
               into
               the
               near
               standing
               waters
               or
               pool
               ,
               called
               Agnano
               ,
               by
               whose
               coldness
               only
               in
               a
               short
               time
               by
               little
               and
               little
               it
               recovers
               Life
               .
               Whereof
               Travellers
               dayly
               make
               experiments
               ,
               if
               curious
               to
               know
               the
               wonders
               of
               nature
               ,
               by
               casting
               in
               cocks
               or
               dogs
               or
               some
               other
               live
               creature
               to
               which
               they
               fasten
               a
               rope
               to
               draw
               them
               up
               by
               .
               
                 Leandro
                 Alberto
              
               writes
               that
               Charls
               the
               eighth
               King
               of
               France
               ,
               when
               a
               hundred
               and
               14.
               yeers
               since
               he
               drove
               out
               the
               Spanish
               and
               for
               some
               time
               Lorded
               over
               Naples
               ,
               caused
               an
               Asse
               to
               be
               driven
               in
               ,
               who
               suddenly
               whirled
               about
               and
               dyed
               .
            
             
               Another
               who
               two
               hundred
               yeers
               since
               wrote
               of
               these
               baths
               ,
               relates
               ,
               that
               a
               foot
               hardy
               rash
               Souldier
               ,
               run
               in
               armed
               and
               dyed
               miserably
               :
               
                 Corona
                 Pighio
              
               writes
               ,
               that
               in
               the
               presence
               of
               Charls
               Prince
               of
               Cleves
               ,
               the
               Spanish
               Captains
               cast
               two
               cheerfull
               dogs
               by
               force
               into
               the
               Grotta
               :
               who
               strove
               all
               possible
               to
               avoid
               it
               ,
               as
               if
               they
               had
               formerly
               experimented
               the
               danger
               ;
               the
               which
               being
               taken
               out
               dead
               ,
               by
               means
               of
               the
               refreshing
               waters
               in
               the
               aforenamed
               Lake
               were
               restored
               to
               life
               :
               one
               of
               which
               being
               again
               cast
               into
               the
               cave
               ,
               and
               being
               thence
               drawn
               &
               cast
               into
               the
               Lake
               ,
               returning
               not
               thereby
               to
               Life
               ,
               was
               left
               for
               dead
               on
               the
               bank
               ,
               who
               not
               long
               after
               as
               waking
               from
               a
               profound
               sleep
               raising
               himself
               ,
               and
               limping
               and
               staggering
               ,
               so
               soon
               as
               possible
               ,
               ran
               away
               ,
               every
               one
               that
               saw
               it
               smiled
               ,
               and
               Charls
               praised
               the
               dog
               ,
               that
               he
               would
               not
               for
               that
               time
               become
               a
               victime
               to
               the
               beares
               ;
               after
               this
               tryal
               they
               cast
               a
               brands
               end
               lighted
               into
               the
               Grotta
               ,
               beyond
               the
               prefixed
               sign
               ,
               which
               come
               to
               the
               bottom
               seemed
               to
               extinguish
               ,
               and
               raised
               up
               a
               little
               higher
               ,
               to
               rekindle
               :
               which
               demonstrated
               that
               the
               spirits
               proceeding
               from
               the
               superficies
               ,
               as
               more
               hot
               and
               dry
               in
               the
               bottom
               ,
               consumed
               the
               more
               subtil
               nutriment
               of
               the
               flame
               ,
               but
               having
               lesse
               vigour
               at
               more
               distance
               from
               the
               foundation
               ,
               they
               rather
               rekindle
               the
               hot
               and
               gross
               smoke
               and
               flames
               of
               the
               brandsend
               :
               as
               we
               see
               the
               flame
               of
               a
               lighted
               candle
               will
               pass
               to
               another
               newly
               put
               out
               ,
               by
               means
               of
               the
               so
               oke
               ;
               and
               the
               beams
               of
               the
               Sun
               when
               united
               by
               a
               burning
               glass
               ,
               are
               very
               vigorous
               and
               will
               set
               tow
               or
               flax
               on
               fire
               if
               approached
               too
               near
               .
               Pighius
               through
               his
               exceeding
               love
               to
               study
               ,
               travialing
               over
               Italy
               ,
               and
               having
               an
               extream
               desire
               to
               inquire
               into
               the
               nature
               of
               all
               things
               by
               which
               he
               might
               acquire
               knowledge
               ,
               wondring
               at
               the
               reports
               of
               the
               miracles
               of
               Pozzuolo
               ,
               
               resolved
               to
               search
               out
               the
               cause
               by
               a
               nearer
               scrutiny
               then
               had
               been
               made
               by
               others
               .
            
             
               He
               could
               not
               beleive
               that
               those
               drops
               that
               hung
               so
               resplendent
               at
               the
               end
               of
               the
               Caverne
               ,
               were
               quick-silver
               :
               wherefore
               being
               counselled
               by
               a
               certain
               juvenile
               and
               youthfull
               audacity
               ,
               he
               passed
               the
               proposed
               measure
               in
               the
               Cavern
               ;
               having
               enclined
               his
               body
               a
               little
               and
               getting
               somewhat
               nearer
               ,
               he
               found
               they
               were
               drops
               of
               clear
               water
               ,
               and
               taking
               them
               on
               his
               finger
               from
               the
               sharp
               pendent
               of
               the
               rock
               ,
               he
               demonstrated
               the
               truth
               to
               his
               companions
               ,
               requiring
               them
               either
               to
               beleive
               or
               enter
               and
               make
               proof
               .
            
             
               Which
               also
               happened
               :
               for
               that
               
                 Antonio
                 Anistelo
              
               ,
               and
               
                 Arnoldio
                 Niveldio
              
               ,
               two
               Holandesi
               ,
               noble
               youths
               and
               companions
               in
               the
               journey
               with
               Pighius
               ,
               got
               near
               :
               who
               when
               he
               had
               for
               some
               time
               stood
               in
               the
               Cave
               ,
               and
               perceived
               the
               heat
               ,
               how
               it
               ascended
               from
               his
               feet
               to
               his
               leggs
               and
               knees
               ,
               yet
               underwent
               no
               other
               then
               a
               giddiness
               and
               pain
               in
               his
               head
               ;
               and
               sweat
               only
               on
               the
               forehead
               and
               the
               temples
               through
               the
               heat
               of
               the
               place
               :
               he
               learnt
               by
               experience
               that
               that
               heat
               ,
               and
               those
               nocive
               vapours
               are
               not
               lusty
               and
               violent
               ,
               but
               when
               near
               their
               rise
               ;
               and
               there
               they
               kill
               small
               animals
               or
               great
               ,
               but
               chiefly
               the
               four
               footed
               ,
               because
               they
               alwayes
               go
               with
               their
               head
               downwards
               ,
               whereby
               being
               necessitated
               to
               draw
               in
               with
               their
               breath
               those
               hot
               and
               boyling
               vapours
               ,
               their
               vital
               spirits
               become
               suddenly
               suffocated
               with
               too
               much
               heat
               :
               the
               which
               also
               are
               as
               suddenly
               releived
               by
               the
               imediate
               refreshment
               of
               the
               waters
               in
               the
               Lake
               ,
               if
               the
               animal
               be
               forthwith
               cast
               therein
               when
               drawn
               out
               of
               the
               Cavern
               .
               Whilst
               Pighius
               was
               performing
               this
               ,
               an
               Italian
               who
               guarded
               some
               herds
               wondred
               strangely
               at
               his
               temerity
               ,
               and
               remained
               astonisht
               at
               the
               success
               ,
               many
               times
               demanding
               if
               he
               did
               it
               not
               by
               the
               magick
               art
               ,
               nor
               would
               he
               be
               perswaded
               that
               Pighius
               could
               avoyd
               the
               nocivenesse
               of
               that
               Grotta
               ,
               otherwise
               then
               by
               enchantment
               or
               witch
               craft
               :
               which
               made
               him
               mock
               at
               the
               plebeian
               simplicity
               ,
               laughing
               at
               the
               vulgar
               ,
               who
               for
               the
               most
               part
               attribute
               that
               to
               the
               Magick
               art
               ,
               which
               appears
               wonderfull
               ,
               and
               produceth
               stupendious
               effects
               ,
               from
               their
               incapacity
               to
               comprehend
               the
               cause
               :
               but
               to
               return
               to
               our
               voyage
               .
            
             
               From
               the
               
                 Bucca
                 Coronea
              
               ,
               we
               are
               brought
               to
               Zolfettara
               ,
               as
               at
               present
               they
               call
               those
               places
               which
               were
               of
               old
               celebrated
               with
               the
               invention
               of
               various
               fables
               of
               old
               Poets
               for
               these
               wonders
               of
               nature
               :
               who
               sing
               that
               the
               Gyants
               buryed
               under
               this
               mountain
               ,
               even
               from
               hell
               cast
               forth
               of
               their
               throats
               ,
               Flames
               at
               that
               time
               when
               earthquakes
               happen
               .
               
                 
                   Et
                   montes
                   ,
                   scopulos
                   ,
                   terrasque
                   invertere
                   dorse
                   ,
                
              
            
             
               These
               Mountains
               are
               full
               of
               Sulphure
               ,
               Allum
               ,
               and
               Vitriol
               ,
               the
               chief
               whereof
               as
               Strabo
               writes
               ,
               stood
               pendent
               at
               a
               few
               paces
               distance
               from
               the
               Colonna
               of
               Pozzuolo
               now
               distant
               from
               the
               castle
               Novo
               ,
               about
               a
               mile
               :
               from
               the
               form
               of
               which
               place
               ,
               t
               is
               guessed
               ,
               that
               the
               top
               of
               this
               Mountain
               was
               at
               last
               consumed
               and
               emitted
               into
               the
               profundity
               of
               the
               near
               valley
               by
               the
               continual
               fires
               ,
               whence
               that
               which
               of
               old
               was
               a
               high
               and
               eminent
               top
               or
               head
               ,
               is
               now
               a
               great
               ditch
               in
               the
               plain
               of
               a
               valley
               and
               that
               which
               was
               of
               old
               the
               ribs
               and
               
               flanks
               of
               a
               mountain
               ,
               are
               now
               the
               upper
               part
               of
               shelfs
               and
               rocks
               ,
               which
               surround
               the
               plain
               ,
               with
               a
               certain
               fence
               in
               length
               about
               a
               thousand
               and
               fifty
               foot
               ,
               in
               bredth
               about
               a
               thousand
               foot
               :
               Pliny
               writes
               that
               they
               were
               nominated
               from
               their
               whiteness
               Leucogei
               ,
               and
               the
               plain
               or
               Level
               ,
               
                 Campagna
                 Phlegerea
              
               ,
               from
               the
               flame
               and
               fire
               there
               ever
               extant
               :
               which
               Silius
               the
               Italian
               confirms
               .
            
             
               
                 Cornelius
                 Strabo
              
               calls
               this
               place
               the
               Piazza
               and
               shop
               of
               Vulcan
               ,
               where
               likewise
               some
               fable
               ,
               the
               Gyants
               to
               be
               overcome
               by
               Hercules
               :
               here
               the
               Mountains
               seem
               continually
               to
               burn
               at
               their
               roots
               :
               for
               that
               on
               all
               sides
               they
               emit
               smokes
               by
               many
               mouths
               which
               smell
               of
               sulphure
               which
               smokes
               are
               blowen
               by
               the
               wind
               all
               over
               the
               neighbouring
               Countrey
               ,
               and
               sometimes
               to
               Naples
               .
               Antiently
               these
               Hills
               ,
               as
               we
               draw
               from
               
                 Dion
                 Cassius
              
               and
               Strabo
               emitted
               greater
               fires
               ,
               as
               also
               those
               about
               the
               Lucrino
               ,
               and
               Averno
               ,
               which
               are
               not
               a
               few
               ,
               burnt
               and
               emitted
               like
               furnaces
               gross
               smokes
               and
               flames
               .
               Now
               the
               plain
               as
               also
               the
               hill
               Phlegrei
               are
               deprived
               of
               their
               perpetual
               flames
               and
               are
               cavernous
               in
               many
               places
               and
               become
               yellowish
               ,
               as
               from
               the
               materiall
               and
               colour
               of
               sulphure
               :
               the
               earth
               when
               spurned
               by
               the
               foot
               ,
               resounds
               like
               a
               drum
               ,
               through
               its
               concavity
               underneath
               ,
               where
               you
               may
               hear
               (
               with
               wonder
               )
               under
               your
               seet
               boyling
               waters
               ,
               grosse
               and
               inflamed
               smokes
               to
               make
               a
               horrid
               noise
               ,
               and
               run
               too
               and
               fro
               through
               the
               subterranean
               Caverns
               ,
               which
               the
               force
               of
               the
               exhalation
               hath
               made
               ,
               which
               how
               great
               you
               may
               thence
               guesse
               ;
               stop
               any
               of
               those
               mouths
               or
               holes
               ,
               with
               a
               good
               great
               stone
               ,
               and
               you
               shall
               suddenly
               and
               with
               violence
               see
               it
               amoved
               by
               the
               strength
               of
               the
               smoke
               .
               Here
               they
               compose
               medicinable
               pots
               of
               brimstone
               .
            
             
               In
               the
               same
               plain
               or
               level
               lies
               also
               a
               great
               marish
               filled
               alwaies
               with
               a
               black
               scalding
               hot
               water
               :
               which
               sometimes
               useth
               to
               change
               place
               ,
               and
               the
               waters
               making
               themselves
               hard
               (
               as
               tryed
               sewit
               useth
               being
               cold
               to
               bind
               it self
               to
               the
               sides
               of
               the
               Vessel
               t
               is
               melted
               in
               )
               do
               thereby
               and
               with
               the
               force
               of
               the
               exhalation
               increase
               or
               diminish
               .
               When
               I
               was
               there
               it
               boyled
               with
               great
               noise
               and
               smoke
               ,
               as
               if
               it
               had
               been
               a
               huge
               chauldron
               filled
               with
               blackish
               mud
               ,
               and
               therefore
               exceeded
               not
               then
               its
               bounds
               and
               limits
               :
               but
               I
               remember
               ,
               that
               at
               my
               view
               thereof
               ,
               this
               Vorago
               mounted
               and
               cast
               up
               of
               asudden
               like
               a
               Pyramides
               ,
               eight
               or
               nine
               foot
               high
               ,
               (
               beyond
               the
               common
               stature
               of
               man
               ,
               )
               that
               thick
               water
               yellow
               and
               of
               the
               colour
               of
               sulphure
               :
               which
               also
               the
               people
               of
               Pozzuolo
               affirm
               ,
               adding
               that
               sometimes
               t
               will
               rise
               from
               sixteen
               to
               twenty
               four
               feet
               .
            
             
               When
               the
               Sea
               is
               in
               a
               storm
               ,
               this
               water
               is
               of
               various
               colours
               ;
               though
               for
               the
               most
               part
               like
               sulphure
               ,
               and
               sometimes
               other
               ,
               according
               as
               the
               subterranean
               winds
               are
               disturbed
               by
               the
               sea
               blasts
               ,
               and
               being
               in
               vigoured
               among
               the
               flames
               ,
               with
               all
               possible
               force
               expels
               some
               of
               the
               earth
               mixed
               with
               divers
               colours
               from
               the
               deepest
               veins
               .
               These
               very
               winds
               ,
               when
               most
               quiet
               under
               ground
               ,
               the
               top
               of
               the
               Fens
               or
               moors
               being
               only
               disturbed
               ,
               cause
               a
               gross
               thick
               water
               ,
               coloured
               with
               black
               to
               be
               cast
               out
               .
               These
               things
               of
               such
               occult
               nature
               ,
               do
               certainly
               afford
               usefull
               and
               welcome
               matter
               for
               consideration
               and
               study
               to
               such
               as
               love
               to
               search
               thereinto
               ;
               which
               Cicero
               very
               pertinently
               terms
               ,
               the
               natural
               food
               of
               the
               mind
               .
               And
               hence
               we
               certainly
               know
               ,
               that
               the
               globe
               of
               the
               earth
               is
               not
               in
               every
               part
               solid
               ,
               
               and
               massy
               ,
               but
               in
               some
               places
               hollow
               ,
               cavernous
               ,
               and
               full
               of
               vains
               and
               pores
               ,
               like
               as
               is
               the
               living
               body
               of
               any
               animal
               :
               and
               that
               with
               the
               continual
               motion
               of
               the
               imbodied
               elements
               ,
               water
               and
               air
               ,
               it
               becomes
               penetrated
               ,
               and
               is
               by
               the
               same
               nourished
               ,
               increased
               or
               diminished
               together
               with
               its
               several
               kinds
               and
               changes
               of
               plants
               ,
               and
               that
               the
               earth
               soops
               up
               vast
               quantities
               of
               the
               Sea
               waters
               ,
               disperst
               on
               it
               by
               means
               of
               those
               pores
               ,
               the
               which
               being
               encountred
               by
               some
               fierce
               winds
               ,
               occasion
               a
               motion
               of
               those
               waters
               in
               its
               inmost
               part
               ,
               and
               in
               the
               straitest
               passages
               ;
               and
               the
               same
               winds
               there
               split
               in
               sunder
               among
               the
               rocks
               and
               stones
               ,
               grow
               violently
               hot
               ,
               and
               kindle
               vast
               fires
               ,
               the
               which
               con●…uming
               whatever
               they
               meet
               ,
               empty
               the
               internal
               parts
               of
               the
               earth
               ,
               and
               drawing
               to
               themselves
               through
               those
               pores
               the
               neighbouring
               winds
               ,
               together
               with
               great
               smokes
               ;
               they
               there
               augment
               beyond
               measure
               ,
               searching
               out
               an
               egresse
               ,
               with
               horrible
               noise
               and
               shakings
               of
               the
               earth
               and
               mountains
               .
               
                 
                   Pellunt
                   oppositas
                   moles
                   ,
                   ac
                   vincula
                   rumpunt
                   .
                
              
            
             
               As
               more
               at
               large
               
                 Cornelius
                 Severus
              
               a
               most
               learned
               Poet
               hath
               declared
               in
               his
               AEnea
               ,
               and
               hence
               proceed
               the
               earthquakes
               ,
               whirlpooles
               ,
               and
               openings
               of
               the
               earth
               ,
               the
               forcing
               out
               of
               flames
               ,
               the
               rivolets
               of
               fire
               ,
               boyling
               fountains
               ,
               and
               hot
               vapours
               .
               
                 Dion
                 Cassius
              
               writes
               that
               in
               his
               time
               ,
               the
               said
               Mountains
               of
               Pozzuolo
               ,
               had
               more
               fountains
               of
               running
               fire
               in
               the
               likeness
               of
               water
               ,
               that
               through
               the
               excessive
               heat
               the
               water
               took
               fire
               and
               burnt
               ,
               and
               the
               fires
               with
               the
               mixture
               of
               the
               waters
               acquired
               a
               fluxible
               corpulency
               ,
               in
               such
               sort
               that
               these
               contrary
               elements
               ,
               did
               not
               separate
               :
               and
               we
               find
               even
               in
               our
               time
               that
               the
               flames
               and
               sulphure
               ,
               conserve
               and
               nourish
               themselves
               in
               these
               waters
               ,
               and
               that
               they
               endure
               for
               so
               many
               ages
               and
               never
               consume
               ,
               but
               alwayes
               continue
               and
               gush
               out
               in
               the
               same
               conduits
               ,
               the
               which
               Severus
               the
               Poet
               graciously
               sets
               down
               in
               these
               verses
               .
               
                 
                   Atque
                   haec
                   ipsa
                   tamen
                   jam
                   quondam
                   extincta
                   fuissent
                   ,
                
                 
                   Ni
                   furtim
                   aggeneret
                   secretis
                   callibus
                   humor
                
                 
                   Materiam
                   silvamque
                   suam
                   ,
                   pressoque
                   canali
                
                 
                   Huc
                   illuc
                   ageret
                   ventos
                   ,
                   &
                   pasceret
                   ignes
                   .
                
              
            
             
               So
               also
               he
               writes
               of
               the
               Phlegrean
               Fields
               and
               of
               the
               same
               place
               between
               Naples
               and
               Cuma
               ,
               whereof
               we
               now
               discourse
               ,
               viz.
               
               
                 
                   Ejus
                   ab
                   aetern●…
                   pi●…guescens
                   ubere
                   〈◊〉
                
                 
                   In
                   merces
                   legitur
                   .
                
              
            
             
               As
               at
               present
               the
               King
               exhausts
               a
               great
               toll
               from
               that
               brimstone
               ,
               and
               merchandize
               of
               allum
               .
               Wee
               observe
               furthermore
               ,
               that
               these
               sulphurious
               or
               brimstone
               waters
               commixt
               with
               the
               saltness
               of
               the
               Sea
               ,
               and
               with
               the
               ashes
               of
               burnings
               ,
               turn
               into
               stone
               after
               they
               have
               cooled
               themselves
               by
               running
               a
               short
               course
               :
               and
               that
               they
               communicate
               the
               same
               faculty
               to
               those
               rivers
               and
               brooks
               with
               which
               they
               commix
               ,
               whereof
               though
               a
               clear
               experiment
               cannot
               be
               had
               ,
               yet
               that
               innate
               quality
               in
               all
               the
               rivers
               of
               Italy
               ,
               as
               the
               Tyb●…r
               ,
               
               the
               ●…everone
               ,
               the
               Lake
               of
               Luca
               ,
               in
               the
               Nera
               and
               others
               of
               vesting
               the
               sides
               or
               brims
               of
               the
               banks
               and
               the
               Conduits
               whereby
               they
               pa●…s
               as
               also
               the
               conserves
               and
               receptions
               of
               their
               standing
               pools
               ,
               give
               sufficient
               proof
               .
               Besides
               t
               is
               as
               clear
               as
               the
               Sun
               ,
               and
               dayly
               observed
               that
               their
               continued
               washing
               of
               wood
               ,
               plants
               ,
               arms
               ,
               bodies
               and
               roots
               of
               trees
               ,
               the
               stubble
               of
               herbs
               ,
               and
               the
               leaves
               by
               little
               &
               little
               are
               covered
               with
               a
               kind
               of
               scurf
               of
               stone
               ,
               and
               by
               revolving
               become
               by
               chance
               formed
               like
               comfits
               of
               ani●…eeds
               ,
               fennel
               ,
               cinamon
               and
               almonds
               ,
               and
               so
               much
               resembling
               such
               ,
               that
               with
               no
               great
               difficulty
               some
               more
               greedy
               then
               wary
               have
               been
               cousened
               with
               them
               :
               and
               in
               truth
               what
               
                 Vitruvius
                 ,
                 Seneca
                 ,
                 Dione
                 ,
                 Pliny
                 ,
              
               and
               others
               have
               writ
               of
               the
               wonders
               of
               Vesuvius
               and
               Pozzuolo
               ,
               seems
               beyond
               reason
               ;
               to
               wit
               that
               the
               waters
               receive
               that
               nature
               and
               particularity
               from
               the
               tenuity
               of
               the
               ashes
               of
               the
               burned
               sulphure
               ;
               which
               ashes
               the
               fire
               having
               in
               part
               reduced
               as
               small
               as
               atomes
               ,
               in
               part
               dissolved
               into
               liquid
               moisture
               ,
               and
               in
               part
               expelled
               by
               the
               vapours
               of
               the
               subterranean
               fires
               through
               the
               veins
               of
               the
               earth
               and
               by
               springs
               ,
               we
               observe
               to
               be
               converted
               into
               that
               dust
               which
               the
               antients
               called
               Pozzuolo
               from
               the
               place
               ;
               and
               that
               they
               unite
               so
               soon
               as
               they
               attain
               the
               waters
               ,
               and
               cooling
               with
               them
               ,
               attain
               the
               just
               substance
               of
               stone
               ,
               and
               that
               the
               waters
               which
               run
               by
               those
               places
               mutually
               receive
               a
               certain
               nature
               of
               connexing
               to
               any
               thing
               ,
               so
               that
               they
               easily
               cleave
               to
               the
               body
               they
               touch
               ,
               and
               make
               it
               become
               stone
               ,
            
             
               And
               for
               wonders
               of
               this
               kind
               ,
               scarce
               can
               any
               be
               found
               like
               those
               in
               the
               caves
               of
               the
               Apenines
               near
               the
               old
               chanel
               of
               the
               A●…iene
               by
               
                 Vico
                 Varo
              
               ,
               where
               the
               waters
               distilling
               through
               the
               clefts
               and
               chinks
               in
               the
               Rocks
               ,
               in
               their
               fall
               by
               little
               and
               little
               form
               it self
               like
               stone
               ,
               in
               the
               likeness
               of
               high
               Collumns
               in
               divers
               forms
               ,
               branchy
               bodies
               of
               trees
               ,
               and
               monstrous
               bodies
               of
               Centaures
               and
               Gyants
               ;
               in
               which
               Caverns
               or
               labyri●…ths
               of
               pure
               darkness
               ,
               with
               candles
               may
               be
               found
               out
               objects
               which
               in
               one
               word
               ,
               may
               worthily
               be
               said
               to
               feed
               and
               satiate
               the
               mind
               of
               the
               curious
               searcher
               into
               the
               secrets
               of
               nature
               :
               but
               beware
               that
               the
               light
               be
               not
               extinguished
               by
               the
               frequent
               flappings
               of
               the
               night
               bat●…
               ,
               who
               thither
               retire
               as
               to
               a
               secure
               retreat
               by
               millions
               to
               avoid
               the
               light
               of
               the
               day
               .
            
             
               Thus
               beholding
               the
               hills
               Leucogei
               ,
               and
               the
               various
               surges
               of
               medicinal
               fountains
               ,
               of
               baths
               ,
               hot
               baths
               ,
               and
               the
               Cavernes
               ,
               you
               go
               to
               Pozzuolo
               ,
               amids
               the
               great
               and
               spatious
               ruines
               of
               the
               antient
               Colony
               .
            
             
               
                 POZZVOLO
                 .
              
               
                 THe
                 Roman
                 Empire
                 flourishing
                 ,
                 that
                 maritime
                 tract
                 of
                 Campania
                 ,
                 about
                 
                   Cuma
                   ,
                   Misena
                
                 ,
                 and
                 Pozzuolo
                 ,
                 was
                 in
                 great
                 reputation
                 for
                 the
                 temperature
                 of
                 the
                 air
                 ,
                 the
                 pleasantness
                 of
                 the
                 scite
                 ,
                 the
                 quantity
                 of
                 good
                 waters
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 extream
                 fertility
                 of
                 the
                 fields
                 ,
                 and
                 therefore
                 replenished
                 with
                 great
                 possessions
                 of
                 the
                 Gentry
                 ,
                 and
                 proud
                 Palaces
                 ,
                 of
                 the
                 principal
                 men
                 :
                 And
                 to
                 speak
                 truth
                 ,
                 no
                 other
                 part
                 of
                 Italy
                 nor
                 of
                 the
                 Provinces
                 ,
                 or
                 the
                 world
                 ,
                 appears
                 more
                 proper
                 for
                 
                 the
                 consumption
                 of
                 the
                 Romans
                 riches
                 then
                 that
                 peice
                 of
                 Campania
                 lying
                 betweeen
                 Capua
                 and
                 Naples
                 ,
                 and
                 extending
                 to
                 Cuma
                 ,
                 where
                 with
                 good
                 reason
                 the
                 common
                 saying
                 was
                 that
                 Bacchus
                 and
                 Ceres
                 contended
                 for
                 superiority
                 .
                 the
                 luxury
                 and
                 sensuality
                 of
                 which
                 maritime
                 places
                 and
                 Islands
                 ,
                 made
                 the
                 old
                 Poets
                 in
                 their
                 antient
                 fables
                 of
                 delights
                 call
                 these
                 the
                 house
                 and
                 habitation
                 of
                 the
                 Syrenes
                 :
                 And
                 this
                 caused
                 some
                 old
                 Poets
                 and
                 them
                 of
                 no
                 small
                 esteem
                 to
                 aver
                 those
                 things
                 which
                 happened
                 between
                 Ulisses
                 and
                 the
                 Nymph
                 Calipso
                 ,
                 to
                 have
                 been
                 acted
                 in
                 the
                 Island
                 of
                 Pozzuolo
                 and
                 not
                 in
                 Ogygia
                 a
                 place
                 of
                 the
                 Thebans
                 ,
                 or
                 in
                 the
                 Island
                 of
                 the
                 Promontory
                 of
                 Lacinio
                 ;
                 which
                 Goddess
                 by
                 some
                 called
                 the
                 daughter
                 of
                 Atlas
                 ,
                 by
                 others
                 of
                 Oceanus
                 and
                 Tethys
                 ,
                 was
                 held
                 a
                 Nymph
                 of
                 the
                 Sea
                 ,
                 and
                 reigned
                 in
                 the
                 Isle
                 Ogygia
                 ,
                 ▪
                 receiving
                 Ulysses
                 when
                 he
                 escaped
                 drowning
                 ;
                 and
                 took
                 this
                 name
                 from
                 her
                 adornments
                 of
                 body
                 ,
                 and
                 delights
                 she
                 liued
                 in
                 :
                 Homer
                 calls
                 her
                 a
                 Nymph
                 very
                 well
                 adorned
                 with
                 fair
                 riches
                 :
                 And
                 in
                 truth
                 who
                 considers
                 the
                 shores
                 of
                 Pozzuolo
                 ,
                 must
                 in
                 truth
                 conclude
                 that
                 to
                 his
                 imagination
                 ,
                 a
                 more
                 pleasant
                 delightfull
                 and
                 glorious
                 place
                 cannot
                 be
                 found
                 out
                 than
                 it
                 ,
                 nor
                 a
                 Seat
                 more
                 inclined
                 by
                 nature
                 to
                 receive
                 and
                 carress
                 Travellers
                 ;
                 thence
                 t
                 is
                 that
                 the
                 Poets
                 of
                 old
                 feign
                 that
                 Ulysses
                 there
                 fixing
                 and
                 dwelling
                 ,
                 recollected
                 his
                 many
                 past
                 peregrinations
                 and
                 perils
                 ,
                 and
                 also
                 in
                 the
                 Isle
                 Ithaca
                 ,
                 whereof
                 
                   Dion
                   Cassius
                
                 and
                 
                   ●…hilostratus
                   Lemnius
                
                 ,
                 in
                 the
                 Life
                 of
                 Apollonius
                 make
                 mention
                 .
                 And
                 although
                 at
                 present
                 the
                 whole
                 is
                 filled
                 with
                 ruines
                 ,
                 and
                 every
                 thing
                 lies
                 even
                 with
                 the
                 earth
                 ,
                 through
                 too
                 intollerable
                 sufferings
                 by
                 war
                 and
                 time
                 ,
                 yet
                 are
                 there
                 objects
                 enow
                 ,
                 which
                 such
                 as
                 will
                 reape
                 any
                 profit
                 from
                 the
                 curiosity
                 of
                 the
                 antient
                 arts
                 and
                 histories
                 ,
                 ought
                 maturely
                 and
                 with
                 great
                 industry
                 to
                 consider
                 .
                 But
                 to
                 begin
                 ,
                 Pozzuolo
                 is
                 a
                 City
                 scituate
                 on
                 a
                 hill
                 in
                 the
                 midst
                 of
                 a
                 shore
                 of
                 the
                 Sea
                 ,
                 which
                 though
                 very
                 fair
                 and
                 large
                 ,
                 cannot
                 yet
                 be
                 at
                 all
                 compared
                 in
                 any
                 part
                 with
                 the
                 riches
                 and
                 grandezza
                 of
                 the
                 antient
                 Colony
                 ,
                 as
                 may
                 be
                 clearly
                 extracted
                 from
                 the
                 wayes
                 pitched
                 with
                 flint
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 foundations
                 of
                 publique
                 edifices
                 :
                 whereof
                 the
                 Sea
                 hath
                 swallowed
                 up
                 one
                 part
                 ,
                 &
                 earthquakes
                 and
                 wars
                 the
                 other
                 .
                 It
                 was
                 a
                 most
                 antient
                 Colony
                 of
                 the
                 Graecians
                 which
                 .
                 the
                 Samii
                 conducted
                 hither
                 in
                 the
                 time
                 of
                 
                   Tarquinius
                   Superbus
                
                 ,
                 in
                 the
                 sixty
                 second
                 Olimpiad
                 ,
                 as
                 the
                 Chronologer
                 Eusebius
                 writes
                 and
                 
                   Stephanus
                   ●…ysantius
                
                 confirms
                 :
                 which
                 happened
                 about
                 the
                 time
                 that
                 the
                 republique
                 of
                 the
                 Samii
                 was
                 ty
                 ranized
                 by
                 the
                 three
                 Brothers
                 ,
                 
                   Policrates
                   ,
                   Silus
                
                 ,
                 and
                 Pantagnostus
                 .
                 At
                 that
                 time
                 also
                 
                   Pythagoras
                   Samius
                
                 ,
                 flying
                 from
                 his
                 own
                 Countrey
                 in
                 Morava
                 ,
                 attained
                 the
                 potent
                 City
                 of
                 
                   Italy
                   Croione
                
                 ,
                 where
                 he
                 layed
                 down
                 a
                 new
                 Philosophy
                 then
                 called
                 Italian
                 ,
                 and
                 by
                 it
                 acquired
                 a
                 high
                 esteem
                 :
                 with
                 whose
                 Laws
                 the
                 Italian
                 Cities
                 (
                 being
                 reformed
                 from
                 the
                 Graecian
                 ,
                 by
                 the
                 indeavours
                 of
                 three
                 hundred
                 of
                 his
                 Scholars
                 ,
                 as
                 
                   Diogenes
                   Laertius
                
                 writes
                 )
                 received
                 the
                 government
                 of
                 Aristocracy
                 ,
                 under
                 which
                 they
                 lived
                 happily
                 for
                 many
                 Ages
                 .
                 Others
                 will
                 likewise
                 that
                 the
                 Colony
                 of
                 the
                 Samii
                 from
                 the
                 observance
                 of
                 the
                 Justice
                 of
                 the
                 most
                 holy
                 Empire
                 ,
                 wherewith
                 it
                 was
                 governed
                 was
                 called
                 Dicearchia
                 ,
                 by
                 which
                 name
                 all
                 the
                 Greek
                 writers
                 stiled
                 ,
                 it
                 and
                 many
                 times
                 after
                 their
                 example
                 ,
                 the
                 
                   Latin.
                   Strabo
                
                 writes
                 ,
                 Dicearchia
                 was
                 once
                 the
                 Piazza
                 of
                 the
                 Cumani
                 ,
                 and
                 that
                 afterwards
                 the
                 Romans
                 called
                 it
                 Pozzuolo
                 ,
                 either
                 as
                 some
                 will
                 from
                 the
                 many
                 deep
                 pi●…s
                 ,
                 or
                 as
                 others
                 from
                 the
                 sulphurious
                 stenches
                 of
                 the
                 waters
                 there
                 arising
                 ;
                 It
                 became
                 
                 under
                 the
                 power
                 of
                 Romans
                 in
                 the
                 warr
                 with
                 Hannibal
                 ,
                 when
                 Capua
                 was
                 taken
                 by
                 a
                 seige
                 ,
                 and
                 severely
                 chastised
                 for
                 the
                 perfidie
                 and
                 ingratitude
                 it
                 exercised
                 :
                 from
                 which
                 was
                 then
                 taken
                 its
                 government
                 and
                 liberty
                 ,
                 and
                 annually
                 sent
                 thither
                 from
                 the
                 Roman
                 people
                 a
                 prefect
                 to
                 govern
                 them
                 ,
                 which
                 happened
                 the
                 five
                 hundred
                 forty
                 second
                 yeer
                 after
                 Romes
                 building
                 :
                 when
                 many
                 Castles
                 and
                 Cities
                 ran
                 the
                 like
                 fortune
                 with
                 it
                 ,
                 for
                 that
                 they
                 had
                 with
                 arms
                 defended
                 Hannibal
                 as
                 
                   Titus
                   Livius
                
                 sets
                 down
                 ,
                 wherefore
                 
                   Sextus
                   Pompeiu●…
                
                 sets
                 Pozzuolo
                 among
                 the
                 ten
                 Praefectures
                 of
                 Campania
                 ,
                 on
                 which
                 the
                 Roman
                 People
                 every
                 yeer
                 imposed
                 Governors
                 :
                 for
                 all
                 which
                 some
                 yeers
                 after
                 ,
                 they
                 passed
                 farther
                 by
                 disposition
                 of
                 the
                 Acilian
                 Law
                 ,
                 to
                 with
                 that
                 they
                 sent
                 thither
                 a
                 Colony
                 of
                 Roman
                 Citizens
                 ,
                 and
                 made
                 it
                 one
                 of
                 the
                 five
                 maritimate
                 Colonies
                 ,
                 which
                 were
                 drawn
                 from
                 Rome
                 in
                 the
                 five
                 hundred
                 and
                 fifty
                 ninth
                 yeer
                 by
                 force
                 of
                 the
                 Laws
                 of
                 the
                 said
                 Acilius
                 the
                 Tribune
                 ,
                 as
                 is
                 clear
                 in
                 
                   Titus
                   Livius
                
                 :
                 being
                 then
                 Consuls
                 
                   Publiu●…
                   Scipio
                   Africanus
                
                 writes
                 the
                 second
                 time
                 ,
                 and
                 
                   Titus
                   Sempronius
                   .
                   Vellejus
                   Paterculus
                
                 from
                 the
                 opinion
                 of
                 some
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 Colony
                 was
                 later
                 sent
                 thither
                 ,
                 to
                 wit
                 3
                 lustres
                 or
                 15
                 yeers
                 after
                 the
                 above
                 written
                 time
                 ,
                 and
                 addes
                 that
                 in
                 sum
                 the
                 verity
                 is
                 not
                 punctually
                 known
                 .
              
               
                 Yet
                 verily
                 the
                 old
                 memorials
                 of
                 Pozzuolo
                 ,
                 copious
                 enough
                 in
                 the
                 house
                 of
                 
                   Hadrianus
                   Guilernus
                
                 the
                 most
                 courteous
                 ,
                 learned
                 ,
                 and
                 curious
                 beyond
                 measure
                 in
                 antient
                 histories
                 ,
                 wholly
                 agree
                 with
                 
                   Titus
                   Livius
                
                 :
                 where
                 is
                 extant
                 one
                 of
                 those
                 stone
                 Tablets
                 ,
                 containing
                 the
                 second
                 Law
                 ,
                 the
                 Regulation
                 of
                 publick
                 edifices
                 and
                 expences
                 there
                 to
                 be
                 had
                 :
                 which
                 was
                 made
                 in
                 the
                 Consulacy
                 of
                 
                   P.
                   Rutilius
                
                 and
                 
                   Cn.
                   Mallius
                   Maximus
                
                 ,
                 the
                 six
                 hundred
                 forty
                 and
                 eight
                 yeear
                 as
                 the
                 
                   Fa●…ti
                   Capitolini
                
                 demonstrate
                 ,
                 which
                 happened
                 in
                 the
                 ninth
                 yeer
                 after
                 the
                 conduct
                 of
                 that
                 Colony
                 to
                 Pozzuolo
                 ,
                 as
                 these
                 words
                 set
                 down
                 on
                 the
                 beginning
                 of
                 the
                 said
                 Law
                 clearly
                 prove
                 .
                 
                   Ab
                   Colonia
                   deduct
                   a
                   anno
                   XC
                   .
                   N.
                   Eufidio
                   N.
                   F.
                   M.
                   Pullio
                   Duum
                   vir
                   R.
                   Rutilio
                   .
                   Cn
                   ▪
                   Mallio
                   Cos.
                   Operum
                   .
                   Lex
                   .
                   II.
                   
                
              
               
                 From
                 which
                 words
                 we
                 clearly
                 comprehend
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 comencement
                 of
                 this
                 Colony
                 was
                 under
                 the
                 Consulacy
                 of
                 
                   Martius
                   Portius
                   Cato
                
                 and
                 
                   L.
                   Flaccus
                
                 ,
                 in
                 the
                 five
                 hundred
                 forty
                 eighth
                 yeer
                 ,
                 although
                 Livius
                 sets
                 it
                 down
                 to
                 have
                 been
                 the
                 following
                 yeer
                 .
                 Augustus
                 being
                 at
                 last
                 become
                 Conqueror
                 in
                 the
                 Civil
                 wars
                 ,
                 having
                 restored
                 peace
                 ,
                 and
                 shut
                 up
                 the
                 Temple
                 of
                 Janus
                 ;
                 for
                 reward
                 of
                 the
                 veteran
                 Souldiers
                 ,
                 disposed
                 them
                 into
                 the
                 28
                 Colonies
                 of
                 Italy
                 ,
                 among
                 which
                 Pozzuolo
                 was
                 one
                 ,
                 then
                 made
                 a
                 military
                 Colony
                 ,
                 as
                 Suetonius
                 writes
                 and
                 as
                 may
                 be
                 drawn
                 from
                 the
                 fragment
                 of
                 the
                 Military
                 Colonies
                 .
              
               
                 From
                 the
                 above
                 written
                 observations
                 is
                 certainly
                 known
                 ,
                 how
                 antient
                 the
                 Colony
                 of
                 Pozzuolo
                 is
                 ,
                 and
                 that
                 many
                 times
                 Inhabitants
                 were
                 thither
                 sent
                 and
                 inrolled
                 .
                 And
                 therefore
                 this
                 Author
                 holds
                 for
                 very
                 imperfect
                 ,
                 and
                 ill
                 treated
                 from
                 the
                 insufficiency
                 or
                 inobservancy
                 of
                 the
                 remembrancer
                 ,
                 what
                 Tacitus
                 sets
                 down
                 in
                 the
                 fourteenth
                 book
                 of
                 his
                 Annals
                 :
                 and
                 so
                 
                   Justus
                   Lipsius
                
                 thinks
                 also
                 ,
                 for
                 in
                 the
                 acts
                 
                 of
                 Rome
                 in
                 the
                 eighth
                 hundred
                 and
                 twelfth
                 yeer
                 ,
                 the
                 Emperor
                 Nero
                 and
                 
                   Cossus
                   Lentulus
                
                 being
                 Consuls
                 ,
                 we
                 find
                 these
                 words
                 of
                 
                   Tacitus
                   .
                   At
                   in
                   Italia
                   vetus
                   oppidum
                   Puteoli
                   jus
                   Coloniae
                   ,
                   &
                   cognomentum
                   a
                   Nerone
                   adipiscuntur
                   ,
                
                 adding
                 no
                 more
                 as
                 if
                 Pozzuolo
                 for
                 no
                 preceding
                 time
                 had
                 the
                 quality
                 of
                 a
                 Colony
                 ,
                 whereas
                 
                   Titus
                   Livius
                
                 clearly
                 proves
                 it
                 to
                 have
                 been
                 in
                 that
                 condition
                 two
                 hundred
                 and
                 forty
                 yeers
                 before
                 :
                 but
                 these
                 two
                 may
                 be
                 easily
                 reconciled
                 ,
                 by
                 the
                 adjusting
                 of
                 one
                 single
                 word
                 ,
                 to
                 wit
                 the
                 writing
                 it
                 verus
                 instead
                 of
                 vetus
                 :
                 in
                 these
                 words
                 .
                 
                   At
                   in
                   Italia
                   verus
                   Oppidum
                   Puteoli
                   novum
                   jus
                   Coloniae
                   ,
                   &
                   coguomentum
                   a
                   Nerone
                   adipiscuntur
                   :
                
                 for
                 that
                 being
                 at
                 first
                 called
                 
                   Colonia
                   Augusta
                
                 ,
                 with
                 Nero
                 it
                 was
                 called
                 
                   Augusta
                   Neroniana
                
                 ,
                 and
                 thence
                 t
                 is
                 that
                 Tacitus
                 saies
                 that
                 Pozzuolo
                 obtained
                 a
                 new
                 condition
                 with
                 a
                 new
                 name
                 :
                 but
                 Tacitus
                 not
                 explaining
                 the
                 occasion
                 why
                 then
                 a
                 Colony
                 was
                 sent
                 thither
                 ,
                 or
                 who
                 gave
                 it
                 new
                 condition
                 ,
                 and
                 what
                 that
                 condition
                 was
                 ,
                 the
                 place
                 seems
                 to
                 want
                 more
                 then
                 one
                 word
                 :
                 and
                 because
                 the
                 particle
                 At
                 separates
                 the
                 word
                 afore
                 specified
                 and
                 the
                 difference
                 of
                 things
                 and
                 the
                 particle
                 
                   non
                   tamen
                
                 is
                 placed
                 in
                 the
                 midst
                 of
                 the
                 period
                 which
                 followes
                 ,
                 this
                 place
                 is
                 therefore
                 believed
                 defective
                 and
                 that
                 therefore
                 these
                 words
                 set
                 a
                 cloud
                 before
                 the
                 eyes
                 ,
                 and
                 scruples
                 in
                 the
                 studies
                 of
                 the
                 curious
                 ,
                 which
                 this
                 Author
                 hath
                 thought
                 not
                 easily
                 removable
                 without
                 some
                 supplement
                 to
                 that
                 place
                 of
                 Tacitus
                 to
                 the
                 effect
                 following
                 ,
                 
                   viz.
                   At
                   in
                   Italia
                   verus
                   Oppidum
                   Puteoli
                   novum
                   ius
                   Coloniae
                   ,
                   &
                   cognomentum
                   adipiscuntur
                   aequè
                   cladem
                   passi
                   :
                   Queis
                   irrit●…m
                   Principis
                   beneficium
                   facere
                   Coloni
                   ex
                   diversis
                   legionibus
                   undecunque
                   coa●…ti
                   ,
                   numero
                   licet
                   frequentes
                   ,
                   ut
                   veterem
                   Tarentium
                   ,
                   &
                   Antium
                   adscripti
                   ,
                   non
                   tamen
                   infrequentiae
                   locorum
                   subvenere
                   ,
                   dilapsis
                   pluribus
                   in
                   Provincias
                   ,
                   in
                   quibus
                   stipendia
                   expleverant
                   :
                
                 And
                 thus
                 will
                 the
                 diffe
                 rence
                 be
                 known
                 between
                 what
                 ●…ell
                 out
                 to
                 Pozzuolo
                 ,
                 and
                 what
                 to
                 Laodicea
                 ,
                 by
                 the
                 copulation
                 At
                 :
                 of
                 which
                 Cities
                 this
                 returned
                 to
                 its
                 proper
                 state
                 by
                 its
                 own
                 power
                 ,
                 the
                 other
                 not
                 ,
                 although
                 it
                 assisted
                 the
                 Prince
                 ,
                 as
                 did
                 happen
                 to
                 Tarento
                 ,
                 and
                 Antio
                 ,
                 the
                 occasion
                 of
                 which
                 misfortune
                 Tacitus
                 gratiously
                 declares
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 learned
                 are
                 intreated
                 to
                 have
                 due
                 consideration
                 of
                 this
                 place
                 and
                 to
                 note
                 the
                 defects
                 with
                 a
                 stelletta
                 .
                 To
                 return
                 then
                 to
                 our
                 first
                 purpose
                 :
                 the
                 Author
                 when
                 he
                 copied
                 out
                 those
                 in
                 scriptions
                 ,
                 whilest
                 there
                 permanent
                 ,
                 it
                 occurred
                 to
                 him
                 ,
                 that
                 a
                 Colony
                 was
                 of
                 new
                 conducted
                 to
                 Pozzuolo
                 under
                 the
                 Empire
                 of
                 the
                 Vespasiani
                 ,
                 and
                 was
                 called
                 Flavia
                 ,
                 for
                 that
                 he
                 espied
                 among
                 those
                 old
                 stones
                 ,
                 a
                 great
                 square
                 marble
                 one
                 engraven
                 with
                 letters
                 of
                 a
                 foot
                 long
                 a
                 piece
                 ,
                 the
                 which
                 by
                 being
                 continually
                 exposed
                 to
                 the
                 surges
                 of
                 the
                 Sea
                 ,
                 hath
                 its
                 characters
                 almost
                 eaten
                 out
                 ,
                 yet
                 not
                 so
                 wholly
                 but
                 that
                 one
                 may
                 read
                 the
                 third
                 part
                 of
                 the
                 elogy
                 inscribed
                 in
                 the
                 old
                 Marble
                 Arch
                 ,
                 the
                 which
                 the
                 Flavian
                 Colony
                 erected
                 to
                 express
                 a
                 gratefull
                 sence
                 to
                 
                   Antonius
                   Pius
                   Caesar
                
                 for
                 his
                 liberality
                 in
                 restoring
                 the
                 ports
                 :
                 which
                 part
                 of
                 the
                 Elogy
                 will
                 hereafter
                 be
                 repeated
                 .
                 In
                 the
                 mean
                 time
                 behold
                 in
                 Pozzuolo
                 and
                 its
                 neighbourhood
                 ,
                 the
                 meritorious
                 objects
                 :
                 Among
                 others
                 a
                 vas●…
                 Church
                 now
                 entitled
                 
                   S.
                   Proculo
                   Martire
                
                 ,
                 the
                 which
                 of
                 old
                 Calphurnius
                 had
                 dedicated
                 to
                 
                   Augustus
                   Caesar
                
                 :
                 t
                 is
                 built
                 in
                 a
                 corinthian
                 order
                 ,
                 as
                 may
                 be
                 understood
                 by
                 the
                 Porticue
                 ,
                 containing
                 one
                 peice
                 of
                 the
                 old
                 title
                 in
                 the
                 frontispeice
                 in
                 these
                 words
                 .
                 
                   
                   L.
                   Calphurnius
                   L.
                   F.
                   templum
                   Augusto
                   cum
                   ornamentis
                   .
                   D.
                   D.
                   
                
              
               
                 All
                 Authors
                 question
                 who
                 this
                 Calphurnius
                 the
                 Son
                 of
                 Lucius
                 was
                 ,
                 chiefly
                 for
                 that
                 there
                 were
                 so
                 many
                 Calphurnij
                 ,
                 and
                 they
                 famous
                 in
                 the
                 time
                 of
                 Augustus
                 :
                 and
                 if
                 it
                 be
                 lawfull
                 to
                 make
                 use
                 of
                 conjecture
                 none
                 comes
                 nearer
                 then
                 mine
                 ,
                 that
                 
                   L.
                   Calphurnius
                
                 Son
                 of
                 Lucius
                 called
                 
                   Pisone
                   Frugi
                
                 ,
                 after
                 he
                 had
                 been
                 Consul
                 and
                 Prefect
                 of
                 Provinces
                 ,
                 was
                 also
                 Prefect
                 of
                 Rome
                 ,
                 after
                 
                   T.
                   Statilins
                   Taurus
                
                 ,
                 who
                 was
                 twice
                 Consul
                 and
                 triumphed
                 :
                 he
                 exercised
                 this
                 very
                 charge
                 in
                 the
                 time
                 of
                 Augustus
                 and
                 Tiberius
                 for
                 twenty
                 yeers
                 ,
                 as
                 Tacitus
                 in
                 the
                 fifth
                 Book
                 of
                 his
                 Annals
                 sets
                 forth
                 ;
                 who
                 writes
                 that
                 his
                 father
                 was
                 a
                 man
                 appertaining
                 to
                 the
                 Censor
                 :
                 whence
                 t
                 is
                 impssioble
                 but
                 
                   L.
                   Pisone
                
                 must
                 have
                 been
                 his
                 Father
                 ,
                 of
                 whom
                 the
                 eloquent
                 tongue
                 of
                 Cicero
                 speaks
                 so
                 much
                 ill
                 ,
                 as
                 that
                 he
                 was
                 banished
                 whilst
                 he
                 was
                 Consul
                 .
                 He
                 was
                 then
                 Censor
                 in
                 the
                 seuen
                 hundred
                 fifty
                 and
                 third
                 yeer
                 ,
                 whilst
                 Caesar
                 Dictator
                 warred
                 against
                 the
                 confederates
                 of
                 Pompey
                 .
                 Among
                 all
                 the
                 greatest
                 charges
                 and
                 employments
                 which
                 the
                 Calphurnian
                 family
                 participated
                 ,
                 they
                 only
                 twice
                 administred
                 ▪
                 the
                 Censorship
                 .
                 The
                 first
                 time
                 
                   L.
                   Pisone
                   Frugi
                
                 was
                 Censor
                 after
                 the
                 Consulacy
                 ,
                 in
                 the
                 695
                 yeer
                 of
                 Rome
                 who
                 being
                 Tribune
                 of
                 the
                 People
                 ,
                 prevailed
                 for
                 that
                 Law
                 against
                 the
                 rapine
                 of
                 the
                 Provincial
                 Magistrates
                 :
                 and
                 the
                 second
                 time
                 fifty
                 eight
                 yeers
                 after
                 ,
              
               
                 This
                 Temple
                 is
                 so
                 well
                 built
                 ,
                 that
                 in
                 the
                 space
                 of
                 so
                 many
                 ages
                 neither
                 Time
                 the
                 consumer
                 of
                 all
                 things
                 ,
                 nor
                 the
                 insolencies
                 of
                 enemies
                 ,
                 who
                 have
                 many
                 times
                 destroyed
                 the
                 rest
                 of
                 the
                 City
                 ,
                 have
                 been
                 able
                 to
                 ruinate
                 ,
                 which
                 could
                 not
                 come
                 otherwise
                 to
                 passe
                 the●…
                 from
                 the
                 beams
                 being
                 composed
                 of
                 marble
                 ,
                 in
                 which
                 scarce
                 a
                 fastning
                 appears
                 :
                 yet
                 the
                 impetuous
                 force
                 of
                 the
                 earthquakes
                 have
                 in
                 part
                 moved
                 it
                 out
                 of
                 order
                 ,
                 in
                 such
                 sort
                 that
                 the
                 right
                 angle
                 of
                 the
                 Frontispiece
                 is
                 faln
                 with
                 a
                 part
                 of
                 the
                 Title
                 ,
                 where
                 certain
                 ruptures
                 appear
                 .
              
               
                 Of
                 such
                 esteem
                 was
                 this
                 Fabrick
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 architectors
                 were
                 not
                 ashamed
                 the
                 work
                 being
                 finished
                 to
                 place
                 their
                 name
                 there
                 :
                 being
                 
                   Luccio
                   Cocino
                   Liberta
                   of
                   Luca
                
                 ,
                 and
                 
                   Caio
                   Postumi
                
                 ,
                 as
                 we
                 read
                 in
                 the
                 left
                 wall
                 of
                 the
                 Church
                 in
                 these
                 words
                 .
                 
                   L.
                   Cocceius
                   C.
                   Postumi
                   L.
                   Auctus
                   Architect
                   .
                
              
               
                 Many
                 other
                 holy
                 sacred
                 places
                 that
                 were
                 therein
                 are
                 either
                 faln
                 to
                 nothing
                 ▪
                 or
                 at
                 least
                 wise
                 very
                 badly
                 handled
                 .
                 The
                 Temple
                 of
                 Neptune
                 as
                 Cicero
                 affirms
                 was
                 the
                 most
                 famous
                 ,
                 of
                 which
                 some
                 great
                 Fragments
                 to
                 this
                 day
                 remain
                 near
                 
                   San
                   Francesco
                
                 ,
                 as
                 vaults
                 ,
                 arches
                 ,
                 huge
                 wals
                 &
                 other
                 places
                 with
                 their
                 nooks
                 for
                 the
                 statues
                 :
                 but
                 its
                 columns
                 and
                 high
                 ornaments
                 of
                 marble
                 are
                 taken
                 away
                 .
                 Also
                 near
                 the
                 Amphitheatre
                 ,
                 are
                 the
                 footsteps
                 &
                 ruines
                 of
                 a
                 Temple
                 ,
                 which
                 
                   Antonius
                   Pius
                   Augustus
                
                 had
                 erected
                 to
                 Adrian
                 the
                 Emperor
                 his
                 Father
                 who
                 dyed
                 
                 at
                 Baia
                 in
                 the
                 Mannor
                 house
                 of
                 Cicero
                 as
                 Spartianus
                 relates
                 .
                 Some
                 yeers
                 last
                 past
                 many
                 fair
                 statues
                 and
                 vast
                 peices
                 of
                 Columnes
                 and
                 Marbles
                 were
                 amoved
                 ,
                 together
                 with
                 the
                 Elogies
                 of
                 
                   Nerva
                   ,
                   Trajan
                
                 and
                 Adrian
                 the
                 Emperors
                 ,
                 that
                 is
                 to
                 say
                 of
                 the
                 Father
                 ,
                 Grandfather
                 and
                 great
                 Grand-Father
                 :
                 to
                 whom
                 Antonius
                 (
                 having
                 created
                 them
                 Gods
                 )
                 had
                 〈◊〉
                 sacerdotal
                 sacrifices
                 ,
                 of
                 the
                 Flamins
                 and
                 their
                 companions
                 :
                 and
                 hence
                 some
                 believe
                 he
                 obtained
                 the
                 surname
                 of
                 Pius
                 the
                 Pious
                 ,
                 as
                 we
                 are
                 instructed
                 from
                 the
                 aforesaid
                 Spartianus
                 ,
                 and
                 by
                 
                   Julius
                   Capitolinus
                
                 .
              
            
          
           
             
               The
               Temple
               of
               the
               NYMPHES
               extant
               on
               the
               Sea
               Shore
               without
               POZZVOLO
               .
            
             
               IT
               seems
               very
               likely
               that
               either
               the
               Sea
               or
               Earthquakes
               have
               swallowed
               up
               the
               temple
               of
               the
               Nymphs
               ,
               the
               which
               ,
               we
               read
               in
               the
               8th
               ,
               Book
               of
               
                 Philostratus
                 Cennius
              
               in
               the
               life
               of
               
                 Apo
                 lonius
                 Tianeus
                 Domitianus
              
               the
               Emperour
               built
               on
               the
               sea
               shore
               without
               Pozzuolo
               :
               he
               writes
               that
               t
               was
               built
               with
               white
               stone
               ,
               and
               that
               of
               old
               t
               was
               famous
               for
               divination
               ,
               and
               that
               in
               it
               was
               found
               a
               fountain
               of
               running
               spring
               water
               ,
               from
               the
               which
               though
               any
               quantity
               were
               taken
               away
               ,
               t
               was
               never
               perceived
               to
               diminish
               ;
               but
               this
               with
               ●…nfinite
               other
               antiquities
               is
               now
               gone
               to
               nothing
               ;
               yet
               now
               is
               evident
               at
               a
               little
               distance
               from
               the
               Land
               near
               the
               
                 Via
                 Campana
              
               in
               the
               Sea
               a
               fountain
               of
               sweet
               water
               ,
               which
               gurgles
               to
               this
               day
               with
               great
               force
               ;
               whose
               source
               may
               be
               alwaies
               perceived
               almost
               to
               admiration
               ,
               if
               the
               Sea
               be
               quiet
               and
               calm
               :
               let
               the
               studious
               of
               antiquity
               consider
               if
               in
               this
               place
               the
               Temple
               of
               the
               Nymphes
               may
               have
               been
               ,
               which
               conjecture
               will
               not
               seem
               far
               from
               truth
               upon
               weighing
               the
               words
               of
               Philostratus
               ,
               who
               relates
               ,
               that
               
                 Apolloneus
                 Trineus
              
               appeared
               to
               his
               two
               D●…sciples
               Damides
               and
               Demetrius
               was
               in
               the
               Temple
               of
               the
               Nymphes
               on
               the
               Sea
               shore
               without
               Pozzuolo
               ,
               who
               were
               disputing
               the
               nature
               of
               the
               abovenamed
               fountain
               ,
               where
               also
               is
               the
               Island
               of
               Calissus
               to
               whom
               the
               successes
               of
               what
               happened
               with
               Ulisses
               they
               relate
               in
               the
               fables
               .
            
             
               Furthermore
               ,
               as
               t
               were
               in
               the
               midst
               of
               the
               Colony
               ,
               remains
               yet
               a
               most
               huge
               Amphitheatre
               little
               lesse
               then
               entire
               ,
               composed
               of
               squared
               stones
               ,
               the
               which
               not
               withstanding
               its
               ill
               treatment
               by
               earthquakes
               the
               taking
               away
               many
               of
               its
               stones
               ,
               and
               the
               plowing
               of
               its
               soyl
               ,
               yet
               appears
               in
               its
               first
               form
               ,
               enlarged
               into
               a
               more
               l●…rge
               circuit
               ,
               then
               was
               usual
               for
               the
               Emperors
               ,
               &
               
                 Leandro
                 Alberto
              
               saies
               that
               by
               measuring
               he
               found
               it
               to
               be
               in
               length
               in
               the
               plain
               within
               ,
               172
               foot
               ,
               in
               bredth
               only
               92.
               foot
               .
            
             
               
                 Ferrante
                 Loffredo
              
               Marques
               of
               Trevico
               affirms
               ,
               this
               the
               most
               antient
               Amphitheatre
               ,
               supposing
               it
               to
               be
               built
               before
               Rome
               ,
               lost
               its
               liberty
               
               under
               the
               Emperours
               ,
               from
               an
               old
               inscription
               in
               marble
               there
               found
               ,
               demonstrating
               under
               what
               Consuls
               this
               Fabrick
               was
               repaired
               at
               the
               publick
               expence
               of
               the
               Citizens
               of
               Pozzuolo
               :
               which
               inscription
               although
               much
               sought
               for
               by
               me
               ,
               I
               had
               not
               the
               good
               hap
               to
               see
               .
            
             
               Many
               fragments
               of
               Acqueducts
               are
               yet
               to
               be
               seen
               ,
               which
               either
               passed
               through
               or
               surounded
               the
               Mountains
               :
               nor
               is
               it
               an
               easy
               matter
               to
               number
               the
               conserves
               for
               the
               waters
               made
               in
               divers
               formes
               ,
               some
               entire
               ,
               and
               some
               ruinated
               by
               earthquakes
               ,
               many
               of
               which
               are
               under
               ground
               and
               very
               large
               ,
               which
               who
               enters
               ,
               without
               a
               clue
               of
               thread
               ,
               a
               light
               ,
               or
               a
               well
               practised
               guide
               ,
               may
               dwell
               there
               for
               ever
               ,
               so
               intricate
               are
               the
               labyrinths
               ,
               built
               without
               gates
               ,
               heads
               or
               turning
               streets
               :
               from
               which
               we
               may
               assuredly
               know
               ,
               that
               the
               Romans
               with
               vast
               expence
               thither
               drew
               ,
               and
               therein
               preserved
               great
               plenty
               of
               those
               sweet
               waters
               ,
               abounding
               on
               that
               Maritimate
               coast
               .
               The
               vulgar
               unskilled
               in
               old
               history
               ,
               as
               in
               all
               things
               very
               ignorant
               ,
               have
               most
               injuriously
               expressed
               themselves
               ,
               in
               giving
               ridiculous
               names
               to
               these
               edifices
               ,
               calling
               them
               ,
               
                 Piscine
                 mirabili
              
               ,
               wonderfull
               fishpools
               ,
               
                 Cento
                 Celle
              
               ,
               the
               hundred
               Cells
               ,
               and
               
                 Grotte
                 Draconarie
              
               ,
               Dragons
               Caves
               .
               Soe
               also
               have
               they
               handled
               the
               fountains
               and
               baths
               in
               number
               forty
               or
               more
               between
               
                 Pozzuolo
                 ,
                 Misseno
              
               and
               Cuma
               ,
               of
               divers
               sorts
               ,
               and
               efficacious
               for
               sundry
               diseases
               .
               But
               t
               is
               not
               our
               purpose
               to
               look
               back
               and
               take
               notice
               by
               one
               and
               one
               of
               these
               things
               ,
               having
               already
               set
               forth
               whatever
               is
               there
               rare
               and
               worthy
               view
               ;
               we
               shall
               therefore
               referre
               such
               as
               desire
               more
               ample
               and
               compleat
               satisfaction
               in
               the
               like
               objects
               to
               
                 Leandro
                 Alberto
              
               ,
               and
               the
               other
               writers
               herein
               before
               mentioned
               .
            
          
           
             
               The
               description
               of
               the
               Antient
               Port
               of
               POZZUOLO
               .
            
             
               SUch
               and
               so
               great
               wonders
               ,
               as
               here
               by
               degrees
               present
               themselves
               to
               the
               view
               of
               the
               Traveller
               as
               he
               approaches
               the
               Sea
               side
               ,
               may
               well
               entertain
               him
               ;
               for
               like
               mountains
               in
               the
               waters
               rise
               the
               immense
               moles
               of
               the
               old
               Port
               ,
               that
               is
               ,
               thirteen
               immense
               Piles
               ,
               which
               spring
               out
               of
               the
               water
               like
               square
               Towers
               ,
               which
               in
               old
               time
               were
               conjoyned
               in
               manner
               of
               a
               bridge
               by
               frequent
               arches
               ,
               but
               now
               by
               fortune
               and
               antiquity
               those
               gross
               engines
               are
               separated
               ,
               and
               the
               falling
               down
               of
               some
               of
               the
               Arches
               renders
               it
               unpassable
               from
               one
               to
               the
               other
               :
               which
               must
               have
               been
               caused
               either
               from
               earthquakes
               or
               the
               furious
               Sea
               ,
               the
               whole
               fabrick
               being
               composed
               of
               burned
               earth
               like
               bricks
               of
               two
               foot
               square
               ,
               not
               easily
               to
               be
               divided
               and
               broke
               down
               by
               any
               other
               accident
               .
            
             
               T
               is
               certainly
               known
               ,
               that
               when
               this
               Port
               was
               in
               being
               ,
               it
               extended
               it self
               into
               the
               Sea
               ,
               in
               form
               of
               a
               large
               bridge
               ,
               and
               bending
               it
               
               self
               in
               the
               fashion
               of
               a
               bow
               ,
               reached
               the
               shore
               and
               the
               Avernus
               ,
               and
               so
               defended
               the
               place
               from
               the
               raging
               force
               and
               storms
               of
               the
               Sea
               ,
               whose
               haughtinesse
               was
               comodiously
               bridled
               by
               means
               of
               those
               Moles
               .
            
             
               And
               t
               is
               believed
               that
               the
               Antients
               there
               made
               those
               Arches
               ,
               to
               the
               end
               that
               through
               them
               the
               sea
               waters
               might
               enter
               into
               the
               Port
               ,
               and
               by
               its
               continual
               flowing
               and
               ebbing
               keep
               it
               cleansed
               of
               the
               mud
               ,
               which
               the
               rivers
               and
               rain
               waters
               brought
               down
               in
               to
               it
               from
               the
               
                 Terra
                 firma
              
               and
               the
               neighbouring
               hills
               ,
               through
               which
               in
               their
               course
               to
               the
               Sea
               those
               waters
               must
               first
               passe
               ;
               and
               it
               had
               not
               been
               possible
               to
               avoid
               the
               filling
               up
               of
               that
               port
               in
               few
               yeers
               ,
               by
               that
               perpetual
               inroad
               of
               durt
               ,
               had
               not
               the
               Sea
               waters
               through
               those
               Arches
               continually
               purged
               it
               of
               that
               mud
               and
               filthinesse
               so
               drove
               into
               it
               :
               and
               this
               the
               inconvenience
               in
               the
               port
               of
               Naples
               and
               divers
               others
               ,
               who
               are
               only
               surrounded
               with
               a
               bank
               without
               arches
               ,
               sufficiently
               proves
               .
            
             
               Suetonius
               in
               the
               life
               of
               Caligula
               from
               its
               vastnesse
               calls
               it
               the
               Mole
               of
               Pozzuolo
               ,
               from
               whence
               thorough
               the
               midst
               of
               the
               Gulf
               of
               the
               Sea
               ,
               Caligula
               ,
               as
               he
               writes
               ,
               to
               shew
               his
               greatness
               and
               vanity
               ,
               and
               to
               be
               able
               to
               tread
               and
               walk
               on
               the
               Sea
               as
               well
               as
               upon
               the
               Land
               ;
               or
               as
               Dion
               saies
               because
               he
               would
               imitate
               King
               Xerxes
               ,
               who
               passed
               his
               Army
               out
               of
               Asia
               into
               Europe
               over
               the
               streight
               of
               Hellespont
               upon
               a
               wooden
               Bridge
               :
               commanded
               to
               be
               brought
               together
               and
               new
               built
               all
               the
               ships
               he
               could
               get
               ,
               which
               were
               infinite
               ,
               and
               therewith
               caused
               a
               Bridge
               to
               be
               made
               with
               the
               said
               Ships
               set
               in
               two
               Banks
               fastened
               and
               moored
               together
               with
               anchors
               chains
               and
               cables
               ,
               which
               made
               them
               stand
               fixt
               and
               firm
               ,
               and
               extended
               even
               to
               Baias
               through
               the
               gulf
               of
               the
               Sea
               :
               he
               commanded
               this
               bridge
               to
               be
               made
               of
               boords
               so
               strong
               and
               even
               and
               to
               lay
               so
               much
               earth
               upon
               the
               same
               ,
               as
               it
               seemed
               to
               be
               firm
               ground
               and
               one
               of
               the
               streets
               of
               Rome
               like
               the
               
                 Strada
                 Appia
              
               .
               This
               being
               finished
               ,
               he
               proudly
               attired
               in
               Robes
               of
               Gold
               and
               pearl
               ,
               and
               a
               crown
               of
               Oaken
               boughes
               on
               his
               head
               (
               called
               Civica
               ,
               )
               on
               horseback
               entred
               at
               one
               end
               of
               the
               bridge
               and
               road
               to
               the
               other
               ,
               accompanyed
               with
               the
               Band
               of
               the
               Pretorian
               Souldiers
               ,
               and
               all
               the
               Nobles
               and
               Gentlemen
               of
               Rome
               :
               and
               the
               next
               day
               returned
               habited
               like
               a
               Campanian
               ,
               in
               a
               Chariot
               ,
               with
               a
               great
               multitude
               of
               his
               Friends
               .
               Dion
               writes
               that
               the
               night
               he
               lay
               on
               this
               bridge
               ,
               he
               caused
               such
               an
               infinite
               number
               of
               Torches
               ,
               lanthorns
               and
               other
               Lights
               ,
               to
               be
               lighted
               and
               set
               up
               ,
               that
               the
               clearnesse
               thereof
               did
               exceed
               the
               darknesse
               of
               the
               night
               :
               Caligula
               boasting
               ,
               that
               he
               had
               made
               of
               the
               night
               day
               ,
               and
               of
               the
               Sea
               Land
               ;
               &
               because
               it
               happened
               that
               these
               two
               days
               the
               Sea
               was
               calm
               ,
               he
               said
               that
               Neptune
               did
               it
               for
               feare
               &
               to
               do
               him
               Reverence
               ;
               Suetonius
               adds
               ,
               that
               Caligula
               having
               invited
               many
               ,
               who
               being
               on
               the
               shore
               ready
               to
               goe
               on
               the
               Bridg
               where
               himself
               was
               ,
               he
               turned
               them
               all
               over
               ,
               breaking
               the
               bridg
               ,
               and
               commanded
               some
               that
               endeavoured
               to
               catch
               hold
               of
               the
               ropes
               of
               the
               Vessels
               ,
               to
               be
               forced
               into
               the
               water
               with
               oars
               and
               other
               staves
               ,
               which
               served
               for
               a
               jest
               and
               pleasant
               spectacle
               to
               this
               Monster
               :
               Seneca
               in
               his
               78th
               .
               Epistle
               calls
               this
               Machine
               by
               the
               name
               of
               Pila
               ,
               saying
               
                 Omnis
                 in
                 Pilis
                 Puteolanorum
                 turba
                 consistit
                 ,
                 cum
                 Alexandrinarum
                 navium
                 conspicitur
                 adventus
                 .
              
               And
               therefore
               this
               Machine
               ,
               in
               a
               serene
               sky
               served
               to
               those
               of
               Pozzuolo
               to
               passe
               and
               walk
               on
               ,
               as
               if
               they
               had
               been
               in
               a
               
               
                 Piazza
                 ▪
              
               At
               the
               entrance
               on
               this
               Mole
               as
               aforesaid
               was
               a
               large
               Arch
               built
               of
               Marble
               ,
               dedicated
               to
               the
               Emperor
               
                 Ant
                 onius
                 Pins
              
               by
               those
               of
               Pozzuolo
               ,
               by
               way
               of
               gratitude
               for
               his
               remembrance
               of
               their
               Republique
               with
               liberality
               in
               moneys
               for
               repairing
               the
               Port
               ,
               as
               we
               find
               from
               that
               piece
               of
               an
               Elogy
               aforementioned
               ,
               here
               set
               down
               ,
               for
               the
               benefit
               of
               such
               as
               delight
               in
               these
               particulars
               ,
               
                 
                   AEsari
                   ,
                   Divi
                
                 
                   hici
                   ,
                   Nepoti
                   Divi
                
                 
                   onino
                   Aug
                   ,
                   Pio
                
                 
                   olonia
                   Flavia
                   ;
                
                 
                   uper
                   Caerera
                   Benus
                   Pilarum
                   vigin
                
                 
                   quo
                   ,
                   et
                   Munition
                   .
                
              
            
             
               The
               entire
               contents
               whereof
               cannot
               easily
               be
               comprehended
               from
               these
               few
               remaining
               characters
               ,
               but
               may
               in
               some
               sort
               be
               supplied
               from
               the
               said
               words
               ,
               and
               the
               marks
               of
               the
               Lines
               wherewith
               those
               characters
               appeare
               ,
               which
               being
               formed
               to
               our
               thoughts
               ,
               seem
               after
               manner
               .
               
                 
                   Imp.
                   Caesari
                   Divi
                   Hadriani
                   filio
                   Divi
                   Trajani
                   .
                
                 
                   Parthici
                   Nepoti
                   Divi
                   Nervi
                   Pron
                   .
                   T.
                   AEl
                   .
                   Hadriano
                   .
                
                 
                   Antonino
                   August
                   .
                   Pio.
                   Pont.
                   Max.
                   trib
                   .
                   pot
                   .
                   coss
                   .
                   pp.
                
                 
                   Colonia
                   Flavia
                   ,
                   Aug.
                   Puteo
                   lanorum
                   .
                
                 
                   Quod
                   super
                   caetera
                   beneficia
                   ,
                   ad
                   hujus
                   etiam
                   tutelam
                   ,
                
                 
                   Portus
                   Pilarum
                   viginti
                   molem
                   cum
                   sumptu
                   fornicum
                   ,
                
                 
                   Reliquo
                   ,
                   et
                   munition
                   ex
                   aerario
                   suo
                   largitus
                   sit
                   .
                
              
            
             
               
                 Julius
                 Capitolinus
              
               much
               favors
               the
               subject
               of
               this
               elogy
               ,
               by
               what
               he
               writes
               in
               the
               life
               of
               
                 Antoninus
                 Pius
              
               ,
               to
               wit
               that
               he
               gave
               moneys
               to
               many
               Cities
               ,
               to
               the
               intent
               they
               should
               either
               erect
               new
               publick
               structures
               ,
               or
               restore
               the
               old
               .
            
          
           
             
               The
               Promontory
               of
               MISENO
               ,
            
             
               THus
               having
               viewed
               the
               old
               and
               great
               foundations
               of
               the
               Piazzza
               and
               the
               Port
               ,
               passe
               by
               bark
               directly
               from
               the
               Mole
               to
               the
               Promontory
               of
               Miseno
               ,
               famous
               and
               immortal
               by
               the
               verses
               of
               Virgil
               ,
               and
               the
               writings
               of
               other
               good
               Authors
               .
               This
               mountain
               lies
               in
               the
               Sea
               ,
               and
               is
               boared
               and
               hollow
               ,
               full
               of
               grotts
               and
               caverns
               ,
               which
               made
               the
               Poet
               much
               to
               the
               purpose
               and
               with
               no
               lesse
               ingenuity
               to
               stile
               it
               AErio
               or
               ayry
               ,
               as
               if
               he
               would
               denote
               it
               windy
               ,
               by
               reason
               of
               the
               waies
               and
               concavities
               in
               it self
               ,
               saying
               further
               ,
               that
               under
               it
               ,
               AEneas
               gave
               sepulture
               to
               Misenus
               his
               dead
               Trumpeter
               &
               man
               of
               oars
               ,
               or
               as
               Servius
               writes
               afterwards
               sacrificed
               to
               the
               Avernus
               as
               in
               his
               sixt
               he
               saies
               .
               
                 
                 
                   Imponit
                   suaque
                   arma
                   viro
                   ,
                   remumque
                   tubamque
                
                 
                   Monte
                   sub
                   AErio
                   ,
                   qui
                   nunc
                   Misenus
                   ab
                   illo
                
                 
                   Dicitur
                   ,
                   aeternumque
                   tenet
                   per
                   saecula
                   nomen
                   .
                
              
            
             
               Seeming
               by
               the
               Oare
               and
               the
               Trumpet
               ,
               to
               glance
               at
               the
               future
               famousnesse
               of
               that
               Port
               ,
               and
               of
               the
               Armada
               or
               Fleet
               ,
               which
               Augustus
               had
               then
               placed
               there
               for
               defence
               of
               the
               Mediterranean
               Sea
               ,
               under
               
                 E.
                 M.
                 Agrippa
              
               ,
               And
               Dion
               commemorates
               ,
               that
               Augustus
               being
               made
               Captain
               ,
               made
               use
               of
               it
               for
               the
               harbour
               of
               the
               Fleet
               in
               the
               Sicilian
               warr
               ,
               against
               
                 Sextus
                 Pompeius
              
               ,
               where
               they
               then
               lay
               in
               the
               sea
               between
               Miseno
               and
               Cuma
               ,
               environed
               with
               hills
               ,
               in
               form
               of
               a
               crescent
               ,
               a
               place
               very
               capacious
               and
               more
               then
               opportune
               for
               the
               Navy
               at
               Sea
               ,
               by
               reason
               of
               those
               three
               gulfes
               of
               the
               Sea
               ,
               scituate
               between
               Baia
               and
               Pozzuolo
               ,
               that
               is
               the
               Lake
               of
               Baia
               ,
               the
               Lucrino
               ,
               and
               the
               Averno
               ,
               the
               which
               
                 Lucius
                 Florius
              
               calls
               by
               a
               most
               gratious
               Metaphor
               ,
               the
               Ease
               of
               the
               Sea
               :
               of
               which
               the
               Averno
               now
               called
               
                 Mare
                 Mortuum
              
               ,
               being
               included
               ,
               where
               it
               issueth
               out
               with
               fand
               ,
               seems
               a
               stagne
               or
               Moore
               about
               a
               thousand
               paces
               distant
               from
               the
               allodgment
               of
               the
               Armada
               .
               And
               therefore
               the
               neighbouring
               precincts
               ,
               as
               also
               the
               Miseno
               ,
               began
               to
               be
               accommodated
               for
               the
               Souldiers
               stations
               ,
               for
               that
               the
               Fleet
               there
               was
               wont
               to
               winter
               ,
               and
               both
               Strabo
               ,
               and
               Servius
               :
               the
               Commentators
               upon
               Virgil
               ,
               report
               ,
               that
               the
               wood
               and
               Trees
               on
               Averno
               were
               cut
               down
               ,
               because
               they
               through
               their
               thicknesse
               rendred
               the
               air
               offensive
               ,
               and
               prejudicial
               to
               the
               health
               of
               the
               Inhabitants
               :
               furthermore
               hills
               were
               boared
               thorough
               ,
               and
               leuel
               waies
               layed
               ,
               to
               the
               end
               there
               might
               be
               a
               short
               and
               facile
               accesse
               to
               the
               shores
               of
               Baia
               and
               Lucrino
               .
               And
               that
               fresh
               water
               might
               never
               be
               defective
               ,
               with
               infinite
               expence
               and
               no
               lesse
               labour
               ,
               Rivolets
               from
               Rivers
               and
               fountains
               from
               springs
               were
               conveyed
               thither
               from
               a
               far
               off
               :
               cisterns
               and
               conservatories
               were
               built
               ,
               (
               vast
               enough
               )
               in
               divers
               figures
               as
               the
               conveniency
               of
               the
               place
               afforded
               ,
               both
               in
               the
               plain
               and
               under
               the
               ground
               ,
               and
               in
               the
               very
               bowels
               of
               the
               hil
               ,
               that
               so
               cold
               water
               might
               be
               at
               all
               times
               ready
               for
               refreshing
               the
               bodies
               in
               the
               excessive
               heat
               of
               the
               Summer
               :
               t
               is
               for
               these
               reasons
               that
               we
               find
               the
               Miseno
               in
               great
               part
               ,
               hollow
               and
               concave
               within
               ,
               and
               exposed
               to
               the
               air
               to
               the
               very
               top
               .
               In
               which
               we
               see
               sitting
               places
               for
               washing
               ,
               baths
               ,
               lakes
               ,
               and
               tables
               for
               eating
               :
               being
               within
               full
               of
               grotts
               ,
               waies
               and
               edifices
               arched
               ,
               here
               and
               there
               sustained
               by
               frequent
               pillars
               ,
               part
               built
               with
               brick
               ,
               part
               cut
               out
               of
               the
               same
               rock
               ;
               among
               which
               edifices
               the
               biggest
               conservatory
               of
               the
               waters
               called
               vulgarly
               
                 Grotta
                 Dragonacia
              
               is
               admi
               rable
               ,
               as
               are
               the
               conveyances
               into
               it
               :
               for
               the
               rain
               waters
               descending
               from
               the
               Promontory
               ;
               the
               which
               Grotta
               is
               capable
               of
               many
               thousand
               butts
               ,
               being
               large
               beyond
               measure
               ,
               and
               twnety
               five
               foot
               deep
               :
               the
               largness
               not
               being
               to
               be
               measured
               ,
               for
               that
               the
               vaults
               and
               ruines
               fallen
               into
               it
               have
               filled
               many
               parts
               of
               it
               :
               all
               these
               conservatories
               are
               incrusted
               or
               plaistered
               with
               a
               certain
               hard
               composition
               used
               by
               the
               antients
               for
               rendring
               them
               tenable
               of
               the
               waters
               ,
               so
               that
               none
               could
               pass
               nor
               soak
               thorough
               :
               the
               inward
               space
               between
               the
               walls
               ,
               is
               two
               hundred
               foot
               long
               ,
               and
               eighteen
               broad
               :
               having
               four
               doors
               through
               which
               is
               entrance
               into
               four
               great
               chambers
               :
               near
               these
               are
               other
               conserves
               different
               in
               artifice
               and
               grandeur
               .
            
             
               That
               which
               vulgarly
               they
               call
               
                 Cento
                 Camere
              
               ,
               from
               the
               multitude
               
               of
               abodes
               (
               by
               some
               thought
               to
               be
               Nerva's
               prison
               ,
               where
               among
               the
               other
               Fabricks
               they
               preserved
               their
               waters
               ,
               is
               wonderful
               for
               the
               vastnesse
               and
               art
               wherewith
               t
               is
               built
               :
               its
               walls
               within
               are
               conj●…ined
               within
               in
               squares
               ,
               and
               support
               the
               vaults
               ,
               forming
               every
               where
               square
               chambers
               ,
               which
               on
               all
               sides
               have
               small
               doors
               by
               which
               may
               go
               from
               one
               to
               the
               other
               the
               servants
               ,
               whose
               office
               t
               was
               when
               the
               waters
               were
               spent
               to
               cleanse
               them
               of
               the
               dirt
               and
               soyle
               :
               the
               vaults
               of
               these
               chambers
               have
               certain
               open
               holes
               ,
               whereby
               the
               waters
               might
               be
               drawn
               up
               as
               occasion
               required
               .
               The
               
                 Piscina
                 Mirabili
              
               or
               Pool
               for
               water
               was
               admirable
               and
               famous
               ,
               and
               known
               by
               this
               name
               ,
               the
               which
               is
               yet
               almost
               entire
               on
               the
               back
               of
               the
               Promontory
               of
               Miseno
               ,
               toward
               the
               Port
               for
               the
               Navy
               ,
               and
               Cuma
               .
               This
               Fabrick
               
                 Leandrus
                 Albertus
              
               affirms
               ,
               is
               inclosed
               by
               four
               walls
               ,
               is
               five
               hundred
               foot
               long
               ,
               and
               two
               hundred
               and
               twenty
               broad
               :
               and
               the
               Vault
               somewhat
               higher
               :
               raising
               a
               little
               archwise
               from
               the
               walls
               ,
               it
               riseth
               higher
               towards
               the
               middle
               ,
               being
               supported
               upon
               forty
               eight
               columns
               ,
               each
               of
               which
               is
               three
               foot
               square
               ,
               which
               being
               disposed
               into
               four
               ranks
               represent
               a
               beautifull
               and
               proportionable
               object
               for
               the
               whole
               length
               .
               The
               whole
               Fabrick
               is
               composed
               of
               brick
               ,
               and
               the
               walls
               being
               of
               a
               great
               thicknesse
               ,
               render
               it
               of
               an
               extream
               firmnesse
               ;
               both
               the
               Walls
               and
               Pillars
               with
               in
               are
               exactly
               incrusted
               as
               useful
               to
               keep
               them
               from
               leaking
               :
               and
               in
               the
               arch
               are
               many
               open
               ovals
               for
               drawing
               up
               the
               waters
               :
               at
               each
               end
               were
               forty
               steps
               for
               descent
               to
               the
               very
               bottome
               .
               The
               Pavement
               on
               the
               sides
               is
               higher
               even
               to
               the
               midst
               of
               the
               Porticue
               :
               whence
               was
               a
               descent
               by
               fiue
               steps
               into
               a
               lesser
               chamber
               on
               each
               side
               ,
               and
               thence
               was
               a
               descent
               into
               another
               very
               narrow
               inclosed
               place
               ,
               into
               which
               t
               is
               supposed
               the
               waters
               purged
               their
               filth
               and
               uncleannesse
               ,
               the
               which
               was
               afterwards
               exhaled
               by
               the
               publique
               officers
               for
               this
               purpose
               called
               Castellarij
               ,
               from
               these
               conservatories
               of
               waters
               being
               denominated
               Castella
               in
               Latine
               .
            
             
               All
               the
               Pavement
               is
               Terras
               beaten
               ,
               with
               all
               art
               and
               diligence
               ,
               so
               that
               to
               this
               day
               it
               holds
               the
               rain
               water
               like
               a
               dish
               in
               the
               lowest
               part
               of
               it
               .
            
             
               Many
               variously
               conjecture
               who
               should
               be
               the
               first
               builders
               of
               so
               vast
               Fabricks
               :
               some
               whereof
               suppose
               ,
               
                 L.
                 Licinius
                 Lu●…ullus
              
               to
               have
               been
               the
               first
               Author
               ,
               and
               that
               this
               was
               built
               out
               of
               the
               ruines
               of
               the
               said
               Lucullus
               his
               Villa
               ,
               which
               Plutarch
               and
               Varro
               write
               he
               built
               most
               proud
               in
               the
               Tract
               of
               Baia
               neare
               the
               Promontory
               of
               Misenus
               :
               with
               whom
               agree
               Suetonius
               and
               
                 Cornelius
                 Tacitus
              
               ,
               who
               write
               that
               Tiber●…us
               the
               Emperor
               dyed
               in
               the
               same
               Villa
               ,
               whence
               (
               hindred
               by
               the
               storms
               at
               Sea
               being
               sick
               )
               he
               could
               not
               sayle
               over
               to
               the
               Island
               Caprea
               .
               Others
               think
               this
               was
               the
               Fabrick
               of
               Nero
               ,
               and
               thence
               t
               is
               to
               this
               day
               called
               
                 Peschiera
                 di
                 Nerone
              
               ,
               and
               Suetonius
               writes
               that
               he
               began
               a
               Peschery
               extending
               from
               Baia
               to
               Avernus
               ,
               covered
               and
               shut
               in
               by
               porticues
            
             
               But
               this
               conjecture
               pleaseth
               not
               me
               much
               ,
               nor
               any
               other
               who
               hath
               diligently
               seen
               those
               places
               ,
               who
               know
               the
               use
               of
               the
               like
               Fabricks
               to
               have
               been
               meerly
               for
               conserving
               of
               waters
               :
               and
               for
               that
               these
               three
               Fabricks
               afore
               described
               ,
               lye
               so
               contiguous
               one
               to
               the
               other
               ,
               it
               may
               not
               be
               far
               from
               the
               purpose
               to
               imagine
               that
               〈◊〉
               and
               the
               Princes
               his
               successors
               ,
               built
               them
               for
               the
               use
               of
               the
               ●…leet
               ,
               since
               it
               is
               assuredly
               known
               ,
               the
               Souldiers
               thereof
               there
               continually
               lodged
               
               and
               wintred
               ,
               some
               vast
               fragments
               of
               their
               military
               lodges
               yet
               being
               extant
               :
               and
               I
               remember
               that
               I
               copied
               out
               some
               Epitaphs
               of
               the
               Souldiers
               of
               the
               Armada
               ,
               from
               the
               near
               sepulchres
               ,
               wherein
               are
               placed
               the
               names
               of
               the
               Pretorian
               ships
               ,
               as
               
                 Fede
                 ,
                 Isede
                 ;
                 Gallo
              
               ,
               wherein
               they
               had
               served
               ,
               whereof
               some
               brief
               ones
               for
               delight
               of
               the
               studious
               of
               antiquity
               hereunder
               follow
               .
               
                 D.
                 M.
                 Ti
                 Porroniceletis
                 .
                 Nat.
                 Alex.
                 Ex.
                 III.
                 Isidevix
                 .
                 Ann.
                 XL.
                 Mil.
                 am
                 .
                 XIIII
                 .
                 Titi.
                 Us.
                 Aquilibus
                 Epidius
                 Parisi
                 III.
                 Isid.
                 H.
                 A.
                 M.
                 fecerunt
                 .
                 D.
                 M.
                 
              
               
                 C.
                 Senio
                 Severo
                 .
                 Manipulato
                 ex
                 III.
                 Fide
                 Natione
                 Bessus
                 .
                 Vixit
                 annos
                 XLVI
                 .
                 Emilius
                 dolens
                 Erei
                 E.
                 M.
                 Fecit
                 .
                 D.
                 M.
                 
              
               
                 C.
                 Julio
                 Quarto
                 .
                 Ver
                 ▪
                 Ex.
                 Pr.
                 N.
                 Gallo
                 .
                 M.
                 Cecilius
                 Felix
                 .
                 S.
                 In●…ia
                 .
                 Heraclia
                 S.
                 &
                 S.
                 
              
            
             
               These
               had
               the
               captainship
               of
               the
               Fleet
               ,
               who
               constantly
               resided
               there
               :
               as
               was
               Anicetus
               the
               libertine
               of
               Nero
               ,
               who
               was
               first
               his
               Master
               ,
               by
               means
               of
               whose
               frauds
               ,
               these
               there
               slew
               near
               the
               
                 Bauli
                 ,
                 Agrippina
              
               his
               Mother
               .
               In
               such
               a
               command
               (
               though
               different
               from
               this
               )
               was
               Pliny
               the
               writer
               of
               the
               natural
               history
               ,
               in
               the
               time
               of
               Vespasian
               at
               Misenus
               ,
               and
               there
               governed
               the
               Armada
               and
               Navy
               ,
               at
               the
               eruption
               and
               burning
               of
               the
               Vesuvius
               ,
               being
               with
               it
               shaken
               by
               the
               earthquake
               :
               but
               approaching
               too
               near
               with
               his
               ships
               ,
               to
               assist
               the
               oppressed
               Souldiers
               ,
               and
               to
               satisfie
               his
               curiosity
               in
               the
               occasion
               of
               those
               fires
               ,
               he
               was
               stifled
               by
               the
               ashes
               and
               vapours
               of
               this
               burning
               mountain
               as
               aforesaid
               :
               where
               with
               his
               uncle
               Pliny
               was
               also
               
                 G.
                 Celius
              
               the
               son
               of
               his
               sister
               ,
               who
               related
               this
               story
               more
               at
               large
               to
               Tacitus
               the
               Historian
               .
               And
               certainly
               waters
               were
               preserved
               in
               these
               Fabricks
               for
               use
               and
               delight
               ,
               both
               in
               Lucullus
               his
               Villa
               ,
               and
               many
               other
               places
               very
               numerous
               in
               that
               piece
               of
               a
               fair
               country
               ,
               all
               over
               which
               run
               pipes
               ,
               shores
               ,
               and
               chanels
               .
               All
               the
               Sea
               shore
               and
               strond
               is
               deformed
               by
               the
               ruines
               of
               Towns
               and
               Villages
               ,
               of
               old
               full
               of
               houses
               and
               inhabitants
               ,
               in
               particular
               that
               part
               between
               Formia
               and
               Surentum
               moves
               compassion
               in
               the
               passers
               by
               at
               Sea
               :
               which
               in
               the
               flouri
               shing
               time
               of
               the
               Roman
               Empire
               ,
               presented
               to
               their
               view
               at
               a
               distance
               the
               effigies
               of
               a
               continued
               City
               ,
               by
               the
               quantity
               of
               structures
               ,
               and
               proud
               Palaces
               ,
               beautifyed
               with
               all
               splendour
               ,
               pompous
               and
               vastly
               expensive
               :
               and
               would
               any
               take
               that
               pains
               now
               as
               by
               a
               strict
               serutiny
               to
               take
               a
               particular
               account
               ,
               or
               to
               draw
               draughts
               ,
               and
               exquisite
               descriptions
               ;
               enough
               of
               importance
               might
               be
               found
               to
               
               satisfie
               his
               own
               Curiosity
               ,
               and
               to
               fill
               up
               a
               new
               commentary
               ,
               nay
               a
               just
               volume
               .
            
             
               The
               Palaces
               were
               wont
               to
               be
               very
               pompous
               in
               those
               parts
               on
               the
               Maritime
               coasts
               ,
               being
               150
               miles
               in
               length
               :
               Which
               was
               so
               filled
               with
               Palaces
               ,
               Cities
               ,
               Towns
               ,
               Burghs
               ,
               Baths
               ,
               Theatres
               ,
               and
               such
               other
               proud
               and
               magnificent
               Fabricks
               ,
               beginning
               at
               Baia
               ,
               and
               so
               continuing
               to
               
                 F.
                 Herculanus
              
               and
               Voliurnus
               ,
               that
               they
               seemed
               not
               separate
               ,
               but
               one
               great
               and
               fair
               City
               ,
               to
               which
               no
               prospect
               could
               be
               comparable
               :
               But
               in
               this
               our
               time
               all
               things
               there
               are
               ruinated
               except
               Naples
               the
               head
               of
               the
               Kingdome
               ,
               and
               residence
               of
               the
               Viceroy
               and
               some
               other
               great
               Princes
               .
            
          
           
             
               The
               Ville
               or
               Palaces
               of
               pleasure
               of
               the
               ROMANS
               .
            
             
               THat
               we
               may
               gratefully
               please
               the
               studious
               in
               these
               things
               ,
               we
               thought
               it
               not
               from
               the
               purpose
               to
               run
               over
               some
               of
               the
               more
               noble
               Villes
               ,
               which
               the
               Romans
               had
               built
               in
               these
               parts
               .
               That
               famous
               Palace
               then
               of
               Lucullus
               stood
               in
               the
               
                 Terra
                 Forma
              
               ,
               near
               the
               Promontorie
               of
               Misenus
               ,
               discovering
               the
               top
               of
               the
               near
               high
               hill
               and
               the
               other
               lesser
               between
               the
               port
               &
               gulf
               of
               Baia
               ,
               where
               he
               first
               bought
               of
               Cornelia
               the
               Villa
               of
               
                 Sc.
                 Marius
              
               ,
               banished
               by
               
                 L.
                 Sylla
              
               ,
               which
               he
               amplified
               with
               Fabricks
               ,
               Gardens
               ,
               and
               sumptuous
               Fishpools
               ;
               the
               spaces
               of
               which
               Gardens
               appear
               to
               this
               day
               ,
               towards
               Cuma
               not
               far
               from
               the
               
                 Cento
                 Camere
              
               ,
               and
               footsteps
               of
               the
               Pescheries
               at
               the
               shore
               of
               Baia
               ,
               with
               grots
               ,
               and
               standing
               pools
               cut
               into
               the
               foot
               of
               the
               Rock
               by
               art
               ,
               that
               they
               might
               be
               a
               refuge
               and
               defence
               to
               the
               Fish
               from
               the
               scorching
               Sun
               in
               hot
               weather
               :
               as
               
                 M.
                 Varro
              
               sets
               forth
               ,
               saying
               that
               
                 L.
                 Lucullus
              
               had
               given
               order
               to
               his
               architectors
               to
               consume
               as
               much
               money
               as
               they
               pleased
               ,
               so
               they
               made
               a
               sufficient
               defence
               for
               the
               Fish
               against
               the
               heat
               of
               the
               Sun
               ,
               and
               provided
               them
               secure
               retreats
               under
               the
               mountains
               ,
               so
               that
               when
               this
               work
               was
               compleated
               he
               might
               say
               ,
               he
               needed
               not
               envy
               Neptune
               himself
               for
               goodnesse
               of
               fish
               :
               which
               shews
               that
               he
               had
               fishpools
               in
               many
               places
               .
               And
               in
               the
               said
               
                 Marcus
                 Varro
                 ,
                 Q
                 Hortensius
              
               the
               Orator
               reprehends
               
                 M.
                 Lucullus
              
               for
               that
               he
               had
               not
               after
               the
               example
               of
               
                 L.
                 Lucullus
              
               his
               Brother
               ,
               provided
               for
               the
               conveniency
               of
               his
               fish
               ,
               a
               retreat
               into
               the
               Fresco
               ,
               from
               the
               scorching
               beams
               of
               the
               Sun.
               T
               is
               thought
               the
               Villa
               of
               
                 M.
                 Lucullus
              
               stood
               at
               the
               foot
               of
               the
               mountain
               Misenus
               towards
               the
               Isle
               Procyda
               ,
               antiently
               called
               Prochyte
               ,
               where
               under
               the
               waters
               may
               yet
               be
               perceived
               great
               ruines
               of
               Pescharies
               .
            
             
               
               
                 Villa
                 Di
                 Q.
                 HORTEENSIO
                 .
              
               
                 
                   QUintus
                   Hortensius
                
                 had
                 his
                 Mannor
                 house
                 in
                 the
                 breast
                 of
                 Baiano
                 near
                 Bauli
                 ,
                 whereof
                 some
                 reliques
                 yet
                 appear
                 on
                 the
                 shores
                 ,
                 and
                 some
                 are
                 covered
                 by
                 the
                 waters
                 :
                 t
                 is
                 most
                 certain
                 and
                 famous
                 that
                 he
                 had
                 then
                 most
                 fair
                 fishpools
                 ,
                 w●…th
                 some
                 grots
                 cut
                 into
                 the
                 mountain
                 for
                 the
                 refuge
                 of
                 his
                 fish
                 from
                 the
                 Suns
                 ardoui
                 :
                 so
                 much
                 were
                 they
                 then
                 given
                 to
                 the
                 like
                 pleasures
                 :
                 for
                 which
                 
                   C.
                   Cicero
                
                 taunting
                 him
                 )
                 calls
                 him
                 God
                 of
                 the
                 Sea
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 most
                 happy
                 in
                 his
                 pescheries
                 ,
                 in
                 that
                 he
                 had
                 so
                 domesticated
                 the
                 fish
                 ,
                 that
                 they
                 came
                 at
                 his
                 c●…ll
                 when
                 they
                 heard
                 his
                 voice
                 ;
                 and
                 much
                 condoles
                 the
                 death
                 of
                 ●…is
                 Muraena
                 ,
                 the
                 Bennet
                 fish
                 ,
                 which
                 t
                 is
                 thought
                 by
                 s●…me
                 will
                 stay
                 a
                 ship
                 if
                 it
                 stick
                 to
                 it
                 :
                 of
                 whom
                 a
                 fri●…nd
                 of
                 his
                 〈◊〉
                 a
                 pair
                 of
                 his
                 Mullets
                 ,
                 he
                 answered
                 he
                 woud
                 rather
                 give
                 h●…m
                 two
                 mules
                 out
                 of
                 his
                 litter
                 .
                 Pliny
                 writes
                 that
                 after
                 
                   Q.
                   Hort●…rsius
                   ,
                   Ant●…nia
                
                 the
                 ●…other
                 of
                 Claudius
                 the
                 Emperor
                 possessed
                 these
                 〈◊〉
                 〈◊〉
                 pools
                 with
                 the
                 same
                 humour
                 ,
                 and
                 that
                 she
                 so
                 much
                 loved
                 a
                 〈◊〉
                 ,
                 that
                 she
                 caused
                 ear-rings
                 of
                 gold
                 to
                 be
                 put
                 on
                 him
                 in
                 the
                 wate●…s
                 :
                 and
                 that
                 those
                 places
                 were
                 so
                 famous
                 for
                 this
                 fact
                 ,
                 that
                 mary
                 〈◊〉
                 to
                 ●…auli
                 purposely
                 to
                 behold
                 it
                 .
                 T
                 is
                 not
                 certain
                 〈◊〉
                 Ne●…o
                 t●…e
                 Emperor
                 caused
                 Agrippina
                 his
                 mother
                 to
                 be
                 sl●…in
                 in
                 this
                 very
                 Villa
                 ,
                 but
                 if
                 n●…t
                 there
                 ,
                 t
                 was
                 not
                 farr
                 from
                 it
                 ,
                 as
                 may
                 be
                 collected
                 from
                 
                   Cornelius
                   Taci●…us
                
                 in
                 the
                 14th
                 book
                 of
                 his
                 Annals
                 .
              
               
                 Domitia
                 the
                 Aunt
                 of
                 Nero
                 had
                 a
                 Villa
                 in
                 that
                 neighbourhood
                 :
                 whereof
                 in
                 the
                 13
                 book
                 of
                 Tacitus
                 is
                 some
                 memorial
                 ,
                 and
                 
                   Dion
                   ●…ssius
                
                 saies
                 that
                 Nero
                 having
                 poisoned
                 Domitia
                 his
                 Aunt
                 ,
                 poss●…ssed
                 〈◊〉
                 of
                 her
                 Livings
                 near
                 Bauli
                 ,
                 and
                 Raven●…a
                 :
                 the
                 contrary
                 whereof
                 
                   ●…lius
                   I
                   am
                   pridrius
                
                 reports
                 of
                 the
                 Emperor
                 
                   Alexander
                   Severus
                
                 ,
                 to
                 wit
                 that
                 besides
                 many
                 Palaces
                 he
                 built
                 in
                 Rome
                 ,
                 in
                 honour
                 of
                 
                   Julia
                   Momea
                
                 ,
                 his
                 mother
                 ,
                 he
                 built
                 one
                 most
                 sumptuous
                 with
                 its
                 Pescher●…es
                 calling
                 the
                 place
                 Mamea
                 ,
                 which
                 
                   Ferrante
                   Lofredo
                
                 ,
                 Marques
                 of
                 Trevico
                 supposeth
                 to
                 stand
                 in
                 the
                 midst
                 of
                 Baia
                 ,
                 where
                 he
                 likewise
                 erected
                 many
                 other
                 in
                 honour
                 of
                 his
                 Parents
                 .
              
            
             
               
               
                 The
                 
                   Villa
                   Of
                   C.
                   PISO
                
                 .
              
               
                 THis
                 stood
                 under
                 the
                 mountain
                 near
                 the
                 hot
                 fountains
                 :
                 hither
                 Nero
                 ,
                 (
                 leaving
                 the
                 other
                 charges
                 of
                 importance
                 )
                 often
                 retired
                 for
                 his
                 solace
                 ,
                 as
                 Tacitus
                 declares
                 in
                 the
                 15th
                 .
                 book
                 of
                 his
                 Annals
                 .
                 T
                 is
                 supposed
                 that
                 in
                 this
                 
                   Villa
                   ,
                   Nero
                
                 entertained
                 his
                 mother
                 Agrippina
                 at
                 table
                 many
                 hours
                 under
                 pretence
                 of
                 the
                 festival
                 Quinquatrus
                 :
                 a
                 feast
                 celebrated
                 to
                 Pallas
                 five
                 daies
                 ,
                 but
                 with
                 intention
                 to
                 make
                 her
                 return
                 by
                 night
                 to
                 her
                 Villa
                 at
                 Bauli
                 ,
                 having
                 before
                 hand
                 given
                 order
                 that
                 in
                 the
                 return
                 ,
                 the
                 Bark
                 (
                 wherein
                 she
                 was
                 )
                 should
                 be
                 sunk
                 ,
                 and
                 she
                 thereby
                 be
                 drowned
                 ,
                 as
                 Suetonius
                 and
                 Tacitus
                 relate
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 The
                 
                   Villa
                   of
                   C.
                   MARIUS
                
                 ,
                 of
                 CAESAR
                 .
                 and
                 of
                 POMPEY
                 .
              
               
                 IN
                 these
                 confines
                 likewise
                 
                   C.
                   Marius
                   ,
                   Caesar
                
                 ,
                 and
                 Pompey
                 ,
                 had
                 their
                 houses
                 of
                 pleasure
                 ,
                 as
                 Seneca
                 tells
                 us
                 in
                 the
                 second
                 Epistle
                 ,
                 but
                 they
                 stood
                 on
                 the
                 very
                 tops
                 of
                 hills
                 ,
                 so
                 that
                 they
                 had
                 more
                 the
                 faces
                 of
                 Castles
                 and
                 Forts
                 and
                 places
                 made
                 purposely
                 to
                 protect
                 the
                 Countrey
                 below
                 ,
                 then
                 of
                 Pallaces
                 for
                 solace
                 .
                 Pliny
                 speaks
                 of
                 that
                 of
                 Marius
                 in
                 the
                 6th
                 chapter
                 of
                 the
                 18
                 book
                 ,
                 which
                 was
                 afterwards
                 possessed
                 and
                 amplifyed
                 by
                 Lucullus
                 ,
                 near
                 the
                 Promontory
                 of
                 Misenus
                 ,
                 towards
                 the
                 Port.
                 But
                 the
                 Villa
                 of
                 Caesar
                 stood
                 above
                 Baia
                 and
                 on
                 the
                 top
                 of
                 the
                 Mountain
                 ,
                 as
                 Tacitus
                 testifies
                 in
                 the
                 15th
                 book
                 of
                 his
                 Annals
                 ,
                 whose
                 vast
                 foundations
                 remain
                 to
                 this
                 day
                 under
                 their
                 old
                 name
                 ,
                 neare
                 the
                 Temple
                 of
                 Venus
                 .
                 That
                 of
                 Pompey
                 ,
                 they
                 say
                 ,
                 was
                 on
                 the
                 third
                 Mountain
                 ,
                 between
                 the
                 Avernus
                 and
                 the
                 contiguous
                 Tritullian
                 hot
                 baths
                 ,
                 whence
                 the
                 surname
                 they
                 yet
                 retain
                 :
                 and
                 there
                 some
                 yeers
                 since
                 was
                 found
                 a
                 statue
                 of
                 Pompey
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 The
                 
                   Villa
                   Academica
                   of
                   Marcus
                   Tullius
                   CICERO
                   .
                
              
               
                 Pliny
                 in
                 the
                 second
                 Chapter
                 of
                 his
                 thirty
                 first
                 book
                 declares
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 Villa
                 of
                 Cicero
                 (
                 made
                 so
                 famous
                 by
                 his
                 writings
                 )
                 was
                 in
                 these
                 quarters
                 between
                 the
                 Avernus
                 and
                 Pozzuolo
                 ,
                 upon
                 the
                 Sea
                 shore
                 with
                 a
                 
                 most
                 delicious
                 grove
                 and
                 a
                 spacious
                 hall
                 to
                 walk
                 in
                 ,
                 wherefore
                 Cicero
                 called
                 it
                 an
                 Academy
                 in
                 imitation
                 of
                 that
                 at
                 Athens
                 ,
                 wherein
                 they
                 ordinarily
                 disputed
                 walking
                 .
                 Here
                 Cicero
                 made
                 his
                 sepulchres
                 :
                 and
                 so
                 much
                 was
                 he
                 pleased
                 with
                 it
                 ,
                 that
                 he
                 often
                 spoke
                 of
                 it
                 ,
                 and
                 entitled
                 some
                 of
                 his
                 books
                 from
                 it
                 ,
                 
                   Questiones
                   Academicae
                
                 :
                 Academick
                 questions
                 .
                 Atticus
                 being
                 in
                 
                   Athens
                   ,
                   Cicero
                
                 in
                 almost
                 every
                 letter
                 recommended
                 his
                 Academy
                 ,
                 that
                 he
                 might
                 send
                 to
                 him
                 from
                 Greece
                 ,
                 whatever
                 could
                 be
                 had
                 for
                 ennobling
                 it
                 with
                 fair
                 ornaments
                 ,
                 wherein
                 Atticus
                 failed
                 not
                 ,
                 according
                 to
                 the
                 occasions
                 ,
                 in
                 statues
                 ,
                 pictures
                 and
                 other
                 the
                 like
                 ornaments
                 .
                 Whence
                 Cicero
                 in
                 his
                 Epistle
                 
                   ad
                   Attiticum
                
                 ,
                 praiseth
                 his
                 diligence
                 and
                 the
                 things
                 sent
                 him
                 .
              
               
                 Cicero
                 being
                 retired
                 hither
                 in
                 the
                 calamitous
                 times
                 of
                 the
                 Republique
                 to
                 spend
                 away
                 the
                 time
                 ,
                 toyl
                 ,
                 and
                 troubles
                 with
                 Books
                 ,
                 many
                 of
                 the
                 Principal
                 Romans
                 repaired
                 thither
                 to
                 visit
                 him
                 ,
                 and
                 take
                 some
                 counsel
                 .
                 Of
                 them
                 was
                 
                   C.
                   Caesar
                
                 after
                 the
                 victory
                 he
                 obtained
                 in
                 the
                 civil
                 warr
                 ,
                 
                   C.
                   Octavius
                
                 the
                 Successour
                 of
                 Julius
                 ,
                 yet
                 before
                 he
                 made
                 himself
                 Emperour
                 ,
                 with
                 infinite
                 others
                 :
                 but
                 after
                 that
                 Cicero
                 was
                 banished
                 ,
                 the
                 
                   Villa
                   Academica
                
                 was
                 possessed
                 by
                 
                   C.
                   Antistius
                
                 ,
                 who
                 was
                 the
                 Legat
                 of
                 Caesar
                 ,
                 and
                 followed
                 his
                 faction
                 in
                 the
                 civil
                 wars
                 .
                 A
                 little
                 after
                 Ciceroes
                 death
                 ,
                 in
                 his
                 Villa
                 ,
                 sprung
                 up
                 fountains
                 of
                 hot
                 water
                 ,
                 good
                 among
                 other
                 things
                 for
                 the
                 eyes
                 and
                 sight
                 ,
                 celebrated
                 by
                 
                   Tullius
                   Taureus
                
                 the
                 freeman
                 of
                 Cicero
                 ,
                 with
                 an
                 Epigram
                 set
                 down
                 among
                 the
                 works
                 of
                 Pliny
                 ,
                 who
                 wrote
                 this
                 successe
                 ,
                 and
                 judged
                 that
                 Epigram
                 worthy
                 of
                 memory
                 .
                 We
                 must
                 believe
                 that
                 this
                 Villa
                 stood
                 where
                 now
                 the
                 Stadio
                 is
                 ,
                 taking
                 that
                 name
                 from
                 the
                 length
                 of
                 Ciceroes
                 hall
                 ,
                 whose
                 ruines
                 yet
                 remain
                 so
                 distinctly
                 ,
                 as
                 that
                 it
                 may
                 be
                 measured
                 how
                 long
                 t
                 was
                 :
                 and
                 although
                 this
                 Stadio
                 ,
                 seem
                 to
                 stand
                 too
                 far
                 from
                 the
                 Sea
                 ,
                 in
                 respect
                 of
                 that
                 we
                 read
                 touching
                 Ciceroes
                 Academy
                 ,
                 yet
                 this
                 will
                 not
                 create
                 any
                 difficulty
                 :
                 since
                 the
                 Sea
                 may
                 be
                 in
                 so
                 long
                 a
                 space
                 of
                 time
                 through
                 divers
                 causes
                 retired
                 ;
                 because
                 truely
                 this
                 Villa
                 in
                 Ciceroes
                 time
                 stood
                 over
                 water
                 ,
                 at
                 leastwise
                 conducted
                 from
                 the
                 Sea
                 ,
                 by
                 certain
                 channels
                 ,
                 so
                 that
                 he
                 eating
                 at
                 table
                 ,
                 might
                 cast
                 into
                 the
                 waters
                 for
                 the
                 fish
                 to
                 eat
                 ,
                 &
                 angle
                 and
                 fish
                 at
                 his
                 pleasure
                 .
                 The
                 hot
                 fountains
                 are
                 extant
                 in
                 a
                 neere
                 field
                 ,
                 in
                 a
                 cavern
                 underground
                 at
                 the
                 root
                 of
                 the
                 hill
                 ,
                 which
                 are
                 also
                 of
                 wonderfull
                 nature
                 ,
                 because
                 they
                 increase
                 and
                 decrease
                 according
                 to
                 the
                 flowing
                 and
                 ebbing
                 of
                 the
                 sea
                 ,
                 by
                 day
                 and
                 by
                 night
                 :
                 in
                 their
                 increase
                 they
                 cast
                 abundance
                 of
                 water
                 into
                 the
                 bath
                 ,
                 and
                 when
                 full
                 ,
                 part
                 of
                 the
                 water
                 returns
                 to
                 the
                 fountain
                 ,
                 and
                 part
                 runs
                 into
                 the
                 Sea
                 by
                 a
                 certain
                 small
                 chanel
                 or
                 gutter
                 made
                 to
                 that
                 purpose
                 .
              
               
                 This
                 Bath
                 vulgarly
                 called
                 
                   Bagno
                   Ciceroniano
                
                 ,
                 the
                 Ciceronian
                 bath
                 ,
                 and
                 by
                 phisicians
                 ,
                 Praetense
                 or
                 Tritulliano
                 is
                 as
                 gallant
                 and
                 entire
                 an
                 antiquity
                 as
                 any
                 in
                 the
                 Tract
                 of
                 Pozzuolo
                 :
                 These
                 waters
                 were
                 so
                 soveraign
                 not
                 many
                 years
                 since
                 over
                 most
                 diseases
                 ,
                 that
                 over
                 every
                 bath
                 was
                 written
                 for
                 what
                 cures
                 t
                 was
                 good
                 ,
                 of
                 which
                 inscription
                 some
                 letters
                 yet
                 stand
                 :
                 but
                 the
                 phisicians
                 of
                 Palermo
                 (
                 as
                 they
                 tell
                 the
                 story
                 )
                 finding
                 those
                 waters
                 prejudicial
                 to
                 their
                 custom
                 ,
                 went
                 with
                 instruments
                 expresly
                 &
                 demolish't
                 those
                 writings
                 (
                 so
                 that
                 for
                 the
                 present
                 they
                 are
                 unusefull
                 )
                 the
                 said
                 phisicians
                 being
                 all
                 cast
                 away
                 in
                 their
                 return
                 .
                 Thus
                 much
                 shall
                 suffice
                 touching
                 Ciceroes
                 famous
                 Villa
                 ,
                 for
                 that
                 Leander
                 and
                 other
                 writers
                 treat
                 sufficiently
                 of
                 its
                 nature
                 and
                 others
                 thereabouts
                 .
                 From
                 the
                 commencement
                 of
                 Ciceroes
                 Academical
                 
                 questions
                 is
                 comprehended
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 Villa
                 of
                 
                   Ter.
                   Varro
                
                 a
                 most
                 learned
                 Roman
                 was
                 not
                 far
                 distant
                 ,
                 but
                 the
                 determinate
                 place
                 is
                 unknown
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 The
                 Villa
                 of
                 
                   SERVILIUS
                   VATIA
                
                 .
              
               
                 SEneca
                 demonstrates
                 in
                 his
                 fifty
                 second
                 Epistle
                 to
                 Lucullus
                 ,
                 that
                 on
                 the
                 shore
                 between
                 Cuma
                 and
                 the
                 Lake
                 Avernus
                 stood
                 the
                 Villa
                 of
                 
                   Servilius
                   Vatia
                
                 ,
                 the
                 magnificence
                 and
                 vastness
                 of
                 which
                 Fabrick
                 may
                 be
                 comprehended
                 from
                 the
                 fragments
                 yet
                 extant
                 .
                 He
                 saies
                 two
                 Caves
                 were
                 here
                 built
                 with
                 great
                 expence
                 ,
                 into
                 the
                 one
                 whereof
                 the
                 Sun
                 never
                 entred
                 ,
                 and
                 on
                 the
                 other
                 it
                 shone
                 from
                 morning
                 to
                 night
                 ,
                 into
                 which
                 .
                 ran
                 a
                 delicious
                 water
                 through
                 as
                 pleasant
                 a
                 Meadow
                 with
                 many
                 Fish.
                 Hither
                 Servilius
                 a
                 noble
                 and
                 rich
                 Man
                 retired
                 himself
                 at
                 such
                 time
                 as
                 
                   Tiberius
                   Caesar
                
                 afflicted
                 many
                 noble
                 Romans
                 ,
                 and
                 applyed
                 himself
                 to
                 honest
                 Labour
                 far
                 from
                 Rome
                 in
                 peace
                 ,
                 for
                 which
                 he
                 was
                 styled
                 happy
                 ,
                 and
                 obtained
                 the
                 fame
                 of
                 knowledge
                 in
                 his
                 affaires
                 above
                 others
                 ;
                 by
                 that
                 meanes
                 avoyding
                 dangers
                 .
                 Touching
                 the
                 dead
                 and
                 other
                 notable
                 things
                 others
                 have
                 abundantly
                 writ
                 ,
                 let
                 this
                 therefore
                 suffice
                 ,
                 for
                 the
                 purpose
                 of
                 the
                 Baianian
                 celebrious
                 Villa's
                 ,
                 since
                 of
                 the
                 other
                 particulars
                 in
                 the
                 times
                 of
                 those
                 old
                 Roman
                 Princes
                 ,
                 t
                 is
                 impossible
                 to
                 treat
                 exactly
                 ,
                 all
                 things
                 being
                 so
                 wholly
                 ruinated
                 and
                 destroyed
                 that
                 scarce
                 any
                 footsteps
                 remain
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 The
                 old
                 City
                 of
                 BAIA
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 most
                 fair
                 foundations
                 and
                 pitched
                 Piazzaes
                 of
                 the
                 old
                 City
                 Baia
                 ,
                 lye
                 underneath
                 the
                 waters
                 ,
                 scarce
                 any
                 fragments
                 remaining
                 on
                 the
                 Land
                 :
                 but
                 in
                 the
                 neighbouring
                 Mountains
                 in
                 every
                 corner
                 lye
                 baths
                 ,
                 hot
                 baths
                 ,
                 and
                 structures
                 of
                 Admirable
                 Architecture
                 ,
                 notwithstanding
                 that
                 many
                 great
                 Fabricks
                 were
                 burnt
                 ,
                 many
                 thrown
                 down
                 by
                 earthquakes
                 and
                 many
                 swallowed
                 up
                 by
                 the
                 Earth
                 .
                 In
                 the
                 Sea
                 may
                 be
                 clearly
                 seen
                 the
                 great
                 old
                 Piles
                 of
                 the
                 Port
                 of
                 Baia
                 ,
                 like
                 those
                 of
                 Pozzuolo
                 ,
                 built
                 of
                 Brick
                 with
                 intollerable
                 expence
                 ,
                 which
                 now
                 seem
                 like
                 Rocks
                 ,
                 as
                 do
                 the
                 enclosures
                 and
                 foundations
                 ,
                 which
                 of
                 old
                 stood
                 for
                 defence
                 of
                 the
                 Lakes
                 
                   Lucrinus
                   and
                   Avernus
                
                 ,
                 against
                 the
                 storms
                 of
                 the
                 Sea
                 :
                 which
                 was
                 genenerally
                 believed
                 to
                 be
                 made
                 in
                 this
                 manner
                 ,
                 to
                 wit
                 ,
                 that
                 Hercules
                 by
                 his
                 strength
                 ,
                 upon
                 two
                 carts
                 abrest
                 ,
                 drew
                 as
                 large
                 a
                 peice
                 of
                 Earth
                 as
                 
                 was
                 requisite
                 ,
                 and
                 that
                 a
                 mile
                 in
                 length
                 to
                 the
                 place
                 ,
                 and
                 there
                 fixed
                 it
                 :
                 and
                 therefore
                 Posterity
                 for
                 a
                 perpetual
                 remembrance
                 and
                 acknowledgement
                 of
                 so
                 great
                 a
                 benefit
                 ,
                 erected
                 to
                 him
                 a
                 Round
                 Temple
                 near
                 Bauli
                 ,
                 whereof
                 some
                 fragments
                 yet
                 are
                 extant
                 .
                 But
                 afterwards
                 ,
                 that
                 repair
                 being
                 wasted
                 by
                 the
                 Sea
                 ,
                 
                   C.
                   Caesar
                
                 again
                 restored
                 and
                 bettered
                 it
                 ,
                 as
                 may
                 be
                 collected
                 from
                 
                   Virgils
                   Georgicks
                
                 and
                 from
                 Servius
                 his
                 Commentator
                 ;
                 with
                 whose
                 opinion
                 Suetonius
                 seems
                 to
                 accord
                 ,
                 saying
                 that
                 Augustus
                 perfected
                 the
                 Julian
                 Port
                 near
                 Baia
                 ,
                 whence
                 t
                 is
                 supposed
                 that
                 
                   Julius
                   Caesar
                
                 had
                 first
                 setled
                 it
                 :
                 which
                 must
                 have
                 been
                 in
                 his
                 first
                 Consu●…lship
                 by
                 Commission
                 of
                 the
                 Senate
                 ,
                 who
                 gave
                 him
                 that
                 charge
                 at
                 the
                 instance
                 of
                 the
                 Receivers
                 of
                 the
                 Customs
                 and
                 Tolls
                 ,
                 upon
                 their
                 allegation
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 customes
                 and
                 Tolls
                 much
                 decayed
                 in
                 value
                 through
                 the
                 ruine
                 of
                 that
                 Port
                 :
                 which
                 was
                 afterwards
                 called
                 Julia
                 ,
                 from
                 the
                 Reaccomodators
                 name
                 
                   Julius
                   Caesar.
                
                 So
                 saies
                 Servius
                 upon
                 these
                 verses
                 in
                 the
                 second
                 of
                 the
                 Georgicks
                 .
                 
                   
                     An
                     memorem
                     potius
                     ?
                     Lucrinoque
                     addita
                     claustra
                     ,
                  
                   
                     Atque
                     indignatum
                     magnis
                     stridoribus
                     aequor
                     ?
                  
                   
                     Julia
                     qua
                     Ponto
                     longe
                     sonat
                     unda
                     refuso
                     ,
                  
                   
                     Tyrrhenusque
                     immittitur
                     aestus
                     Avernis
                     ;
                  
                
              
               
                 
                   A
                   wonderfull
                   Adventure
                   .
                
                 
                   In
                   our
                   times
                   ,
                   that
                   is
                   in
                   the
                   yeer
                   1538
                   (
                   those
                   adjacent
                   Fields
                   and
                   places
                   being
                   for
                   two
                   whole
                   yeers
                   before
                   shaken
                   moved
                   and
                   disturbed
                   )
                   in
                   the
                   end
                   ,
                   the
                   night
                   of
                   the
                   twenty
                   ninth
                   day
                   of
                   September
                   ,
                   between
                   the
                   foot
                   of
                   the
                   mountain
                   Gaurus
                   and
                   the
                   Sea
                   near
                   the
                   aforesaid
                   Lakes
                   ,
                   there
                   arose
                   a
                   new
                   mountain
                   called
                   
                     Monte
                     Novo
                  
                   a
                   mile
                   high
                   in
                   the
                   upright
                   ,
                   which
                   now
                   is
                   in
                   circuit
                   at
                   the
                   bottome
                   four
                   mile
                   .
                   A
                   miraculous
                   thing
                   to
                   fall
                   out
                   in
                   one
                   night
                   .
                   At
                   the
                   birth
                   of
                   this
                   mountain
                   the
                   shore
                   and
                   the
                   waters
                   of
                   the
                   Sea
                   retired
                   the
                   space
                   of
                   two
                   hundred
                   spaces
                   ,
                   one
                   great
                   and
                   entire
                   town
                   called
                   Tripergolano
                   ,
                   was
                   entirely
                   swallowed
                   up
                   by
                   the
                   Vorago
                   and
                   gulf
                   of
                   the
                   earth
                   ,
                   with
                   some
                   of
                   its
                   baths
                   which
                   were
                   very
                   celebrious
                   :
                   and
                   the
                   near
                   Lakes
                   Avernus
                   and
                   Lucrinus
                   were
                   almost
                   filled
                   up
                   with
                   stones
                   earth
                   and
                   ashes
                   .
                   This
                   was
                   thought
                   to
                   have
                   proceeded
                   from
                   the
                   ashes
                   which
                   came
                   out
                   of
                   Sulfatara
                   :
                   how
                   many
                   other
                   old
                   memorials
                   this
                   new
                   mountain
                   hath
                   covered
                   cannot
                   be
                   known
                   .
                   On
                   the
                   top
                   of
                   it
                   is
                   a
                   large
                   mouth
                   about
                   50.
                   paces
                   in
                   circuit
                   ,
                   which
                   at
                   the
                   beginning
                   vomited
                   out
                   fire
                   ,
                   at
                   the
                   bottome
                   whereof
                   are
                   now
                   found
                   warm
                   waters
                   .
                
              
            
             
               
               
                 The
                 Lake
                 AVERNUS
                 .
              
               
                 THe
                 Lake
                 ▪
                 Avernus
                 hath
                 been
                 illustrated
                 by
                 the
                 most
                 esteemed
                 Poets
                 ,
                 and
                 diligently
                 described
                 by
                 Strabo
                 and
                 other
                 Historians
                 ,
                 for
                 the
                 Fables
                 sake
                 (
                 which
                 the
                 Antients
                 gave
                 credit
                 to
                 )
                 appropriated
                 to
                 it
                 .
                 For
                 this
                 was
                 consecrated
                 to
                 Pluto
                 the
                 God
                 of
                 hell
                 .
                 Hereabouts
                 as
                 Fame
                 went
                 was
                 the
                 Poets
                 Acheron
                 or
                 descent
                 into
                 hell
                 ,
                 and
                 here
                 was
                 the
                 gate
                 of
                 hell
                 thorough
                 which
                 they
                 caused
                 to
                 rise
                 the
                 infernal
                 Spirits
                 ,
                 when
                 any
                 humane
                 creature
                 was
                 sacrificed
                 unto
                 them
                 .
                 And
                 hence
                 the
                 Gimerian
                 Priests
                 (
                 the
                 antient
                 Inhabitants
                 of
                 this
                 place
                 sent
                 down
                 (
                 by
                 certain
                 Caverns
                 )
                 into
                 hell
                 to
                 find
                 Pluto
                 ,
                 such
                 Travellers
                 and
                 strangers
                 as
                 came
                 to
                 be
                 resolved
                 in
                 any
                 questions
                 ,
                 or
                 to
                 receive
                 counsel
                 or
                 answer
                 from
                 Pluto
                 .
                 To
                 this
                 day
                 the
                 vulgar
                 believe
                 ,
                 that
                 through
                 the
                 Caverns
                 in
                 the
                 neighbouring
                 hill
                 ,
                 (
                 hence
                 denominated
                 
                   Monte
                   della
                   Sibylla
                
                 )
                 one
                 may
                 descend
                 to
                 the
                 subterranean
                 residence
                 of
                 the
                 
                   Sibylla
                   Cumana
                
                 ,
                 and
                 that
                 there
                 she
                 is
                 seen
                 and
                 consulted
                 by
                 many
                 ,
                 which
                 things
                 
                   Leandrus
                   Albertus
                
                 in
                 his
                 Italia
                 diligently
                 advertiseth
                 .
                 Lactantius
                 saieth
                 that
                 she
                 among
                 the
                 other
                 Sybils
                 prophesyed
                 of
                 Christ.
                 The
                 Inhabitants
                 further
                 hold
                 for
                 certain
                 ,
                 that
                 Christ
                 returning
                 from
                 Limbus
                 with
                 the
                 souls
                 of
                 the
                 holy
                 Fathers
                 ,
                 arose
                 out
                 of
                 the
                 earth
                 through
                 a
                 certain
                 mountain
                 near
                 the
                 Lake
                 Averuus
                 and
                 the
                 
                   Monte
                   Novo
                
                 ,
                 and
                 therefore
                 they
                 call
                 that
                 Mountain
                 by
                 the
                 name
                 of
                 
                   Monte
                   di
                   Christo
                
                 :
                 which
                 opinion
                 some
                 old
                 Poets
                 confirm
                 ,
                 writing
                 of
                 the
                 Baths
                 of
                 Pozzuolo
                 .
                 
                   
                     Est
                     locus
                     ,
                     effregit
                     quo
                     portas
                     Christus
                     Averno
                  
                   
                     Et
                     sanctos
                     traxit
                     lucidus
                     inde
                     Patres
                     .
                  
                
                 And
                 another
                 .
                 
                   
                     Est
                     locus
                     Australis
                     ,
                     quà
                     Portam
                     Christus
                     Averni
                     .
                  
                   
                     Fregit
                     ,
                     et
                     eduxit
                     mortuos
                     inde
                     suos
                     .
                  
                
              
               
                 T
                 was
                 also
                 believed
                 by
                 the
                 multitude
                 of
                 hot
                 waters
                 springing
                 out
                 all
                 over
                 those
                 quarters
                 ,
                 that
                 this
                 Lake
                 reached
                 to
                 a
                 vein
                 of
                 the
                 infernal
                 waters
                 ,
                 and
                 therefore
                 called
                 
                   Palude
                   Acherosia
                
                 ,
                 the
                 Acherontick
                 Fenns
                 ,
                 from
                 which
                 Maro
                 disagrees
                 not
                 ,
                 when
                 he
                 saies
                 .
                 
                   
                     Quando
                     hic
                     inferni
                     janua
                     regis
                     .
                  
                   
                     Dicitur
                     ,
                     et
                     tenebrosa
                     Palus
                     ,
                     Acheronte
                     refuso
                     .
                  
                
              
               
                 Though
                 in
                 truth
                 this
                 false
                 opinion
                 was
                 augmented
                 by
                 the
                 natural
                 quality
                 of
                 the
                 places
                 ,
                 and
                 other
                 circumstances
                 :
                 to
                 wit
                 some
                 rare
                 and
                 stupendious
                 miracles
                 which
                 have
                 there
                 come
                 to
                 passe
                 .
                 Then
                 as
                 to
                 the
                 Avernus
                 ,
                 know
                 it
                 lies
                 in
                 a
                 low
                 Valley
                 ,
                 almost
                 surrounded
                 by
                 
                 high
                 hills
                 ,
                 clothed
                 of
                 old
                 with
                 thick
                 and
                 heavy
                 Trees
                 capable
                 to
                 keep
                 out
                 the
                 wind
                 .
              
               
                 Whence
                 the
                 Lake
                 was
                 not
                 frequented
                 by
                 any
                 ,
                 but
                 emitting
                 an
                 unwholsome
                 sulphurous
                 stink
                 ,
                 it
                 so
                 infected
                 the
                 air
                 above
                 it
                 (
                 by
                 being
                 so
                 closely
                 〈◊〉
                 by
                 mountains
                 and
                 woods
                 )
                 that
                 Birds
                 flying
                 over
                 it
                 fell
                 down
                 dead
                 :
                 and
                 thence
                 t
                 was
                 named
                 by
                 the
                 Latins
                 Avernus
                 ,
                 that
                 is
                 to
                 say
                 ,
                 without
                 Birds
                 .
                 So
                 also
                 may
                 we
                 collect
                 from
                 Livy
                 ,
                 that
                 in
                 old
                 time
                 this
                 Vale
                 was
                 a
                 horrid
                 place
                 and
                 esteemed
                 altogether
                 inaccessable
                 :
                 for
                 saith
                 he
                 ,
                 the
                 Romans
                 waging
                 war
                 against
                 the
                 Samniti
                 ,
                 the
                 enemies
                 (
                 when
                 the
                 Romans
                 put
                 them
                 to
                 flight
                 )
                 by
                 whole
                 Armies
                 retreated
                 into
                 the
                 Woods
                 in
                 the
                 said
                 Vale
                 ,
                 as
                 to
                 secure
                 places
                 .
              
               
                 But
                 Strabo
                 writes
                 not
                 so
                 of
                 it
                 in
                 his
                 time
                 ,
                 but
                 saies
                 ,
                 that
                 then
                 this
                 vale
                 and
                 nearer
                 hills
                 were
                 delitious
                 places
                 ,
                 in
                 respect
                 Augustus
                 had
                 caused
                 the
                 woods
                 to
                 be
                 felled
                 ,
                 and
                 a
                 free
                 passage
                 opened
                 to
                 the
                 air
                 .
                 At
                 present
                 the
                 Lake
                 is
                 full
                 of
                 fish
                 and
                 water-foul
                 ,
                 nor
                 hath
                 it
                 any
                 of
                 those
                 incommodities
                 attributed
                 to
                 it
                 by
                 the
                 antients
                 .
                 Yet
                 t
                 is
                 true
                 that
                 not
                 many
                 ages
                 since
                 ,
                 a
                 vein
                 of
                 sulphurous
                 pestilential
                 water
                 gushed
                 out
                 of
                 the
                 bottome
                 of
                 the
                 Lake
                 ,
                 which
                 suddenly
                 killed
                 a
                 world
                 of
                 fish
                 ,
                 their
                 colour
                 and
                 smell
                 (
                 being
                 cast
                 on
                 the
                 earth
                 )
                 confirming
                 that
                 to
                 be
                 the
                 cause
                 of
                 their
                 death
                 .
                 
                   Joannes
                   Boccaccius
                
                 in
                 his
                 little
                 tract
                 of
                 Lakes
                 ,
                 saies
                 he
                 saw
                 it
                 with
                 his
                 own
                 eyes
                 in
                 the
                 time
                 of
                 King
                 Robert
                 ,
                 about
                 the
                 yeeer
                 1380.
                 
              
               
                 The
                 Sybil
                 Cumana
                 was
                 she
                 which
                 gave
                 AEneas
                 free
                 passage
                 into
                 hell
                 ,
                 as
                 Virgil●…aith
                 ●…aith
                 ;
                 she
                 was
                 called
                 Cumana
                 of
                 the
                 City
                 of
                 Cuma
                 ,
                 (
                 here
                 under
                 treated
                 of
                 )
                 and
                 was
                 one
                 of
                 the
                 twelve
                 Sybils
                 ,
                 all
                 which
                 prophesyed
                 of
                 Christ
                 though
                 some
                 more
                 obscurely
                 ,
                 yet
                 two
                 so
                 fully
                 that
                 with
                 submission
                 I
                 shall
                 here
                 insert
                 somewhat
                 of
                 their
                 prophecies
                 touching
                 the
                 Saviour
                 of
                 Mankind
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 SIBILLA
                 CUMANA
                 .
              
               
                 
                   GReat
                   Rome
                   shall
                   then
                   look
                   high
                   .
                
                 
                   Whose
                   proud
                   Towers
                   from
                   seaven
                   hills
                   shall
                   brave
                   the
                   sky
                   ,
                
                 
                   And
                   overlook
                   the
                   world
                   .
                   In
                   those
                   blest
                   daies
                   ,
                
                 
                   Shall
                   come
                   a
                   King
                   of
                   Kings
                   ,
                   and
                   he
                   shall
                   raise
                
                 
                   A
                   new
                   Plantation
                   :
                   and
                   though
                   greater
                   far
                
                 
                   Then
                   all
                   the
                   Monarchs
                   that
                   before
                   him
                   are
                
                 
                   In
                   Majesty
                   and
                   power
                   ;
                   yet
                   in
                   that
                   day
                
                 
                   So
                   〈◊〉
                   and
                   humble
                   he
                   shall
                   daign
                   to
                   pay
                
                 
                   Tribute
                   to
                   Caesar
                   :
                   yet
                   thrice
                   happy
                   he
                   ,
                
                 
                   That
                   shall
                   his
                   subject
                   or
                   his
                   servant
                   be
                   .
                
              
            
             
               
               
                 And
                 the
                 SIBILLA
                 ERITHRAEA
                 ,
                 to
                 this
                 effect
                 .
              
               
                 
                   THe
                   times
                   by
                   the
                   great
                   Oracle
                   assigned
                
                 
                   When
                   God
                   himself
                   in
                   pity
                   of
                   mankind
                   ,
                
                 
                   Shall
                   from
                   the
                   heaven
                   descend
                   and
                   be
                   incarnate
                   ,
                
                 
                   Entring
                   the
                   world
                   a
                   Lamb
                   immaculate
                   ;
                
                 
                   And
                   as
                   himself
                   ,
                   in
                   wisd●…m
                   thinks
                   it
                   meet
                   ,
                
                 
                   Walk
                   on
                   the
                   Earth
                   on
                   three
                   and
                   thirty
                   feet
                   .
                   
                
                 
                   And
                   with
                   six
                   fingers
                   all
                   his
                   subjects
                   then
                
                 
                   Though
                   a
                   King
                   mighty
                   ,
                   shall
                   be
                   Fishermen
                   ,
                
                 
                   In
                   number
                   twelve
                   ;
                   with
                   these
                   war
                   shall
                   be
                   tride
                
                 
                   Against
                   the
                   Devil
                   ,
                   world
                   ,
                   and
                   flesh
                   ;
                   their
                   Pride
                   ,
                
                 
                   Humility
                   shall
                   quell
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   sharp
                   sword
                
                 
                   With
                   which
                   they
                   fight
                   ,
                   shall
                   be
                   the
                   sacred
                   word
                   ,
                
                 
                   Establish't
                   upon
                   Peter
                   ,
                   which
                   foundation
                
                 
                   Once
                   laied
                   ,
                   shall
                   be
                   divulg'd
                   to
                   every
                   Nation
                   :
                
              
               
                 At
                 one
                 side
                 of
                 the
                 Lake
                 Avernus
                 is
                 the
                 Temple
                 of
                 Apollo
                 ,
                 at
                 the
                 other
                 this
                 
                   Sibilla
                   Cumana
                
                 her
                 Grott
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 very
                 spatious
                 ,
                 having
                 at
                 the
                 end
                 a
                 magnificent
                 ascent
                 where
                 the
                 oracle
                 stood
                 ,
                 with
                 the
                 way
                 that
                 led
                 to
                 Cuma
                 :
                 Her
                 bath
                 yet
                 stands
                 ,
                 and
                 her
                 Chambers
                 painted
                 in
                 Mosaick
                 wo●…k
                 ;
                 yet
                 all
                 under
                 ground
                 as
                 most
                 of
                 the
                 aforesaid
                 Antiquities
                 (
                 except
                 the
                 Temples
                 )
                 are
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 CUMA
                 .
              
               
                 Leaving
                 the
                 Lake
                 Avernus
                 ,
                 you
                 find
                 on
                 the
                 way
                 among
                 the
                 ruines
                 of
                 the
                 City
                 Cuma
                 ,
                 (
                 now
                 altogether
                 undone
                 &
                 desert
                 )
                 great
                 foundations
                 and
                 ruines
                 of
                 Towers
                 ,
                 Temples
                 and
                 Edifices
                 of
                 importance
                 .
                 On
                 the
                 top
                 of
                 the
                 mountain
                 are
                 yet
                 the
                 footsteps
                 of
                 a
                 Temple
                 of
                 Apollo
                 ,
                 which
                 in
                 its
                 time
                 was
                 infinitely
                 celebrated
                 ,
                 and
                 is
                 taken
                 notice
                 of
                 by
                 Virgil
                 and
                 Servius
                 his
                 Commentator
                 .
                 There
                 is
                 also
                 an
                 Arch
                 built
                 with
                 brick
                 ,
                 now
                 called
                 
                   Arco
                   Felice
                
                 ,
                 the
                 happy
                 Arch
                 ,
                 of
                 a
                 stupendious
                 high
                 Vault
                 ,
                 through
                 which
                 the
                 antients
                 wrought
                 an
                 even
                 way
                 between
                 two
                 heads
                 of
                 Mountains
                 :
                 Cuma
                 was
                 built
                 by
                 the
                 Calcidensi
                 a
                 Graecian
                 people
                 of
                 Negroponte
                 ,
                 who
                 being
                 arived
                 in
                 those
                 Seas
                 with
                 their
                 ships
                 ,
                 to
                 seek
                 out
                 a
                 Country
                 for
                 their
                 habitation
                 ,
                 first
                 landed
                 in
                 those
                 near
                 Islands
                 ,
                 called
                 Pitherusa
                 ,
                 which
                 lye
                 over
                 against
                 Campania
                 ,
                 and
                 were
                 so
                 denominated
                 from
                 the
                 multitude
                 of
                 Apes
                 thereon
                 found
                 :
                 and
                 afterw●…rds
                 taking
                 cour●…ge
                 they
                 passed
                 over
                 into
                 the
                 
                   Terra
                   ●…irma
                
                 ,
                 where
                 they
                 built
                 this
                 City
                 Cuma
                 ,
                 calling
                 her
                 by
                 this
                 
                 name
                 ,
                 either
                 from
                 one
                 of
                 their
                 Captains
                 so
                 called
                 ,
                 or
                 from
                 the
                 Procurator
                 in
                 those
                 maritimate
                 Coasts
                 ,
                 or
                 from
                 its
                 good
                 augury
                 they
                 there
                 met
                 with
                 ,
                 to
                 wit
                 a
                 woman
                 great
                 with
                 child
                 the
                 which
                 confirmed
                 them
                 in
                 their
                 determination
                 to
                 dwell
                 there
                 ,
                 as
                 
                   Strabo
                   Dionysius
                
                 and
                 Livy
                 relate
                 :
                 for
                 to
                 all
                 these
                 sences
                 Cuma
                 in
                 Greek
                 ,
                 (
                 considering
                 its
                 significations
                 )
                 may
                 be
                 well
                 applyed
                 .
              
               
                 These
                 people
                 lived
                 a
                 long
                 time
                 governing
                 their
                 Republique
                 with
                 prudence
                 ,
                 and
                 increased
                 so
                 much
                 ,
                 that
                 
                   Pozzuolo
                   ,
                   Paleopoli
                
                 ,
                 and
                 Naples
                 became
                 part
                 of
                 their
                 Colony
                 :
                 we
                 read
                 that
                 the
                 Cumani
                 were
                 under
                 Tyrants
                 ,
                 before
                 the
                 Romans
                 expelled
                 their
                 Kings
                 ,
                 but
                 this
                 happened
                 not
                 through
                 their
                 being
                 subjugated
                 by
                 any
                 ,
                 but
                 because
                 they
                 chose
                 to
                 themselves
                 a
                 head
                 and
                 chief
                 to
                 obey
                 ,
                 who
                 after
                 the
                 Greek
                 manner
                 ,
                 was
                 called
                 Tyranno
                 ,
                 that
                 is
                 ,
                 Lord
                 ,
                 one
                 of
                 which
                 was
                 
                   Aristodemo
                   Malaco
                
                 ,
                 elected
                 for
                 his
                 meer
                 valour
                 ,
                 as
                 Livy
                 and
                 
                   Dionysius
                   Halicarnasseus
                
                 write
                 :
                 for
                 that
                 with
                 a
                 small
                 party
                 ,
                 he
                 overcame
                 a
                 great
                 nnmber
                 of
                 
                   Tuscans
                   ,
                   Ombrians
                
                 and
                 Ausonians
                 ,
                 enemies
                 of
                 the
                 Cumani
                 ,
                 and
                 slew
                 with
                 his
                 own
                 hand
                 Arunte
                 ,
                 the
                 Son
                 of
                 Porsenna
                 ,
                 their
                 Captain
                 .
                 To
                 which
                 Aristodemns
                 say
                 the
                 same
                 Authors
                 ,
                 
                   Tarquinius
                   Superbus
                
                 (
                 expelled
                 Rome
                 )
                 fled
                 for
                 safety
                 ,
                 and
                 by
                 him
                 being
                 well
                 accepted
                 ,
                 he
                 ended
                 his
                 daies
                 in
                 Cuma
                 .
                 Afterwards
                 the
                 Cumani
                 were
                 overcome
                 and
                 for
                 some
                 time
                 evilly
                 intreated
                 by
                 the
                 Campani
                 ,
                 saies
                 Strabo
                 ;
                 but
                 in
                 subsequent
                 times
                 there
                 being
                 no
                 Forts
                 strong
                 enough
                 to
                 resist
                 the
                 Romans
                 ,
                 all
                 those
                 people
                 were
                 at
                 one
                 instant
                 of
                 time
                 reduced
                 under
                 the
                 said
                 Romans
                 ,
                 who
                 set
                 a
                 Praefect
                 over
                 the
                 City
                 Cuma
                 ,
                 for
                 that
                 that
                 people
                 would
                 too
                 obstinately
                 have
                 fought
                 for
                 defence
                 of
                 their
                 Liberty
                 .
                 Afterwards
                 that
                 City
                 run
                 retrograde
                 ,
                 loosing
                 its
                 splendour
                 and
                 inhabitants
                 :
                 for
                 that
                 the
                 Romans
                 by
                 their
                 greatnesse
                 measuring
                 their
                 pride
                 ,
                 possessed
                 themselves
                 of
                 all
                 that
                 Campania
                 or
                 Country
                 ,
                 erecting
                 therein
                 their
                 luxurious
                 and
                 most
                 sumptuous
                 Palaces
                 ,
                 which
                 not
                 only
                 obscured
                 Cuma
                 but
                 all
                 the
                 adjacent
                 Cities
                 :
                 who
                 being
                 bereaved
                 of
                 their
                 Land
                 ,
                 first
                 fayled
                 of
                 Inhabitants
                 ,
                 and
                 at
                 last
                 became
                 desolate
                 ,
                 yet
                 Cuma
                 was
                 the
                 last
                 of
                 those
                 Cities
                 that
                 underwent
                 this
                 desolation
                 ;
                 by
                 reason
                 that
                 being
                 built
                 upon
                 a
                 mountain
                 ,
                 when
                 the
                 Roman
                 Empire
                 began
                 to
                 feel
                 its
                 tottering
                 condition
                 ,
                 by
                 the
                 frequent
                 in
                 roads
                 of
                 the
                 barbarous
                 Nations
                 into
                 
                   Italy
                   ,
                   Cuma
                
                 for
                 the
                 commodity
                 of
                 its
                 site
                 ,
                 was
                 reduced
                 into
                 a
                 Fortresse
                 :
                 which
                 caused
                 
                   Agathia
                   Mireneus
                
                 in
                 his
                 first
                 book
                 of
                 the
                 Gothick
                 warr
                 ,
                 to
                 say
                 ,
                 ●…hat
                 Cuma
                 in
                 his
                 time
                 was
                 very
                 strong
                 ,
                 almost
                 impregnable
                 through
                 its
                 many
                 grosse
                 Towers
                 ,
                 walls
                 and
                 other
                 fortifications
                 ;
                 and
                 that
                 for
                 this
                 reason
                 Totila
                 and
                 Teja
                 Kings
                 of
                 the
                 Goths
                 ,
                 thither
                 conveighed
                 their
                 Treasure
                 ,
                 as
                 to
                 a
                 safe
                 and
                 secure
                 place
                 ,
                 together
                 with
                 their
                 most
                 estimable
                 and
                 dearest
                 things
                 :
                 however
                 Narsetes
                 the
                 Legate
                 of
                 Justinian
                 the
                 Emperor
                 ,
                 after
                 a
                 long
                 siedge
                 made
                 himself
                 Lord
                 of
                 it
              
               
                 But
                 at
                 present
                 nought
                 hereof
                 remains
                 ,
                 save
                 only
                 immense
                 ruines
                 ,
                 foundations
                 and
                 profound
                 Ditches
                 cut
                 into
                 the
                 hard
                 stony
                 rock
                 with
                 Chisels
                 .
                 In
                 the
                 departure
                 from
                 Cuma
                 ,
                 you
                 often
                 fall
                 upon
                 parcels
                 of
                 the
                 
                   Via
                   Domitiana
                
                 ,
                 (
                 now
                 interrupted
                 in
                 many
                 places
                 )
                 and
                 great
                 Ruines
                 of
                 a
                 stone
                 Bridge
                 ,
                 raised
                 over
                 the
                 
                   Volturnus
                   .
                   Domitian
                
                 cau
                 sed
                 this
                 way
                 to
                 be
                 made
                 ,
                 beginning
                 from
                 the
                 
                   Via
                   Appia
                
                 ,
                 between
                 Minturue
                 and
                 Sinvessa
                 ,
                 and
                 so
                 leading
                 to
                 
                   Cuma
                   :
                   Statius
                   Papinius
                
                 in
                 his
                 Hendecasillibi
                 ,
                 or
                 verses
                 of
                 eleven
                 sillables
                 ,
                 makes
                 mention
                 of
                 
                 Cuma
                 ,
                 the
                 above
                 named
                 bridge
                 ,
                 and
                 a
                 triumphal
                 Arch
                 of
                 Marble
                 placed
                 on
                 the
                 same
                 way
                 :
                 whereof
                 no
                 fragments
                 are
                 now
                 to
                 be
                 found
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 LINTERNO
                 .
                 And
                 why
                 now
                 called
                 the
                 Tower
                 of
                 the
                 Countrey
                 .
              
               
                 ON
                 the
                 left
                 hand
                 of
                 the
                 
                   Via
                   Domitiana
                
                 lye
                 vast
                 ruines
                 of
                 the
                 old
                 City
                 Linternum
                 ,
                 of
                 old
                 a
                 Colony
                 of
                 the
                 Romans
                 ,
                 so
                 in
                 the
                 midst
                 of
                 that
                 t
                 was
                 called
                 the
                 Tower
                 of
                 the
                 Countrey
                 Campania
                 ,
                 which
                 name
                 it
                 seems
                 to
                 have
                 acquired
                 from
                 the
                 places
                 old
                 successe
                 ,
                 and
                 was
                 ennobled
                 by
                 the
                 remainder
                 of
                 dayes
                 which
                 
                   Scipio
                   Affricanus
                
                 the
                 Greater
                 spent
                 there
                 ,
                 after
                 his
                 voluntary
                 banishment
                 from
                 his
                 Countrey
                 Rome
                 :
                 Who
                 being
                 ill
                 treated
                 by
                 his
                 Citizens
                 ,
                 whom
                 with
                 their
                 goods
                 and
                 estates
                 he
                 had
                 defended
                 from
                 their
                 Enemies
                 ,
                 and
                 made
                 them
                 Lords
                 of
                 Spain
                 and
                 Affrick
                 ,
                 in
                 disdain
                 of
                 so
                 great
                 ingratitude
                 ,
                 retired
                 himself
                 to
                 his
                 own
                 Palace
                 in
                 this
                 place
                 ,
                 that
                 he
                 might
                 deprive
                 his
                 Countrey
                 of
                 himself
                 living
                 ,
                 &
                 of
                 his
                 assistance
                 ,
                 by
                 this
                 means
                 dealing
                 with
                 her
                 as
                 most
                 ingratefull
                 :
                 after
                 his
                 death
                 commanding
                 his
                 body
                 to
                 be
                 there
                 entered
                 ,
                 expresly
                 forbidding
                 his
                 bones
                 to
                 be
                 transported
                 to
                 Rome
                 ,
                 as
                 
                   Livy
                   ,
                   Strabo
                   ,
                   Valerius
                   Maximus
                   ,
                   Seneca
                
                 and
                 many
                 others
                 relate
                 .
                 Pliny
                 saith
                 further
                 in
                 the
                 last
                 Chapter
                 of
                 the
                 sixteenth
                 book
                 of
                 his
                 natural
                 History
                 ,
                 that
                 even
                 to
                 his
                 t●…me
                 they
                 found
                 in
                 Linternum
                 of
                 the
                 Olive
                 trees
                 planted
                 by
                 
                   Scipio
                   Affricanus
                
                 ,
                 and
                 a
                 ●…irtle
                 of
                 a
                 notable
                 largenesse
                 under
                 which
                 was
                 a
                 Cave
                 inhabited
                 by
                 a
                 Dragon
                 the
                 guardian
                 of
                 Scip●…oes
                 Soul
                 ;
                 from
                 which
                 fable
                 arose
                 this
                 other
                 ,
                 which
                 the
                 Inhabitants
                 tell
                 of
                 the
                 
                   Monte
                   Massico
                
                 ,
                 so
                 renowned
                 for
                 the
                 wines
                 it
                 produced
                 ,
                 to
                 wit
                 tha●…
                 in
                 a
                 certain
                 ●…ave
                 on
                 the
                 said
                 mountain
                 lay
                 a
                 Dragon
                 ,
                 who
                 slew
                 and
                 devoured
                 all
                 such
                 as
                 approached
                 to
                 him
                 ,
                 and
                 that
                 t
                 was
                 therefore
                 called
                 
                   Monte
                   Dragone
                
                 and
                 the
                 Castle
                 standing
                 thereon
                 is
                 called
                 
                   La
                   Rocca
                   di
                   Monte
                   Dragone
                
                 .
                 Iu
                 these
                 quarters
                 is
                 a
                 spring
                 or
                 fountain
                 of
                 which
                 was
                 wont
                 to
                 be
                 sharp
                 or
                 sower
                 water
                 and
                 as
                 t
                 was
                 said
                 would
                 intoxicate
                 :
                 ●…ut
                 now
                 it
                 hath
                 the
                 tast
                 of
                 sweet
                 and
                 pure
                 water
                 ,
                 and
                 hath
                 not
                 the
                 said
                 effect
                 of
                 inebriating
                 ,
                 but
                 when
                 drunk
                 cures
                 the
                 head-ache
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 SINOPE
                 or
                 SINVESSA
                 .
              
               
                 UNder
                 the
                 Castle
                 Dragone
                 stood
                 the
                 antient
                 City
                 Sinope
                 ,
                 first
                 a
                 Colony
                 of
                 the
                 Greeks
                 ,
                 and
                 afterwards
                 made
                 a
                 Colony
                 by
                 the
                 Romans
                 ,
                 calling
                 it
                 Sinvessa
                 ,
                 when
                 they
                 also
                 made
                 Min●…nrnum
                 
                 a
                 near
                 City
                 another
                 Colony
                 ,
                 by
                 occasion
                 of
                 the
                 warr
                 they
                 had
                 against
                 the
                 Samniti
                 ,
                 in
                 the
                 four
                 hundred
                 fifty
                 seventh
                 yeer
                 after
                 Romes
                 foundation
                 ,
                 
                   Appius
                   Claudius
                
                 ,
                 and
                 
                   L.
                   Volturnius
                
                 being
                 Consuls
                 ,
                 the
                 latter
                 the
                 second
                 time
                 ,
                 as
                 Livius
                 relates
                 ,
                 or
                 the
                 following
                 yeer
                 when
                 Pirrhus
                 began
                 to
                 reign
                 ,
                 as
                 
                   Velleius
                   Paterculus
                
                 will
                 have
                 it
                 .
              
               
                 Vast
                 ruines
                 of
                 this
                 City
                 lye
                 disperst
                 on
                 every
                 side
                 there
                 ,
                 but
                 chiefly
                 towards
                 the
                 Sea
                 ,
                 where
                 the
                 footsteps
                 of
                 a
                 large
                 port
                 also
                 appear
                 .
                 T
                 was
                 a
                 renowned
                 City
                 ,
                 having
                 a
                 healthfull
                 air
                 ,
                 and
                 some
                 salutiferous
                 hot
                 fountains
                 ,
                 for
                 which
                 the
                 Poet
                 Silius
                 st●…les
                 Sinvessa
                 luke
                 warme
                 :
                 these
                 fountains
                 are
                 now
                 denominated
                 
                   Bagni
                   Gaurani
                
                 ,
                 but
                 Tacitus
                 calls
                 them
                 Sinvessan
                 waters
                 ,
                 saying
                 in
                 the
                 12th
                 book
                 of
                 his
                 Annals
                 ,
                 that
                 Claudius
                 the
                 Emperor
                 being
                 restored
                 to
                 his
                 sences
                 ,
                 caused
                 himself
                 to
                 be
                 conveighed
                 to
                 Sinvessa
                 for
                 recovering
                 his
                 health
                 ,
                 hoping
                 and
                 depending
                 much
                 on
                 the
                 goodnesse
                 of
                 the
                 aire
                 and
                 the
                 benefit
                 of
                 the
                 Sinvessian
                 waters
                 ,
                 when
                 his
                 wife
                 Agrippina
                 had
                 prepared
                 for
                 him
                 those
                 poisoned
                 mushrooms
                 which
                 himself
                 and
                 his
                 Son
                 Brittanicus
                 eat
                 .
                 This
                 Agrippina
                 was
                 Daughter
                 of
                 the
                 noble
                 Germanicus
                 ,
                 Sister
                 to
                 Caligula
                 ,
                 and
                 by
                 him
                 abused
                 ,
                 she
                 was
                 first
                 married
                 to
                 Domitius
                 by
                 whom
                 she
                 had
                 Nero
                 ,
                 afterwards
                 to
                 Claudius
                 whom
                 with
                 his
                 Son
                 as
                 aforesaid
                 she
                 poisoned
                 ,
                 that
                 her
                 Son
                 Nero
                 might
                 be
                 Emperor
                 .
                 But
                 her
                 falshood
                 ,
                 abomination
                 &
                 cruelty
                 was
                 not
                 unpuni'sht
                 by
                 that
                 Son
                 ,
                 who
                 though
                 he
                 had
                 joined
                 her
                 in
                 equal
                 authority
                 with
                 himself
                 ,
                 and
                 carnally
                 known
                 her
                 as
                 some
                 suppose
                 ,
                 yet
                 caused
                 her
                 to
                 be
                 most
                 cruelly
                 slain
                 ,
                 after
                 sundry
                 attempts
                 to
                 do
                 it
                 privately
                 and
                 with
                 least
                 trouble
                 and
                 pain
                 to
                 her
                 .
                 Tacitus
                 saies
                 further
                 in
                 the
                 first
                 book
                 (
                 speaking
                 of
                 the
                 histories
                 of
                 his
                 time
                 )
                 That
                 
                   Onofrius
                   Tigillinus
                
                 one
                 of
                 the
                 principal
                 actors
                 of
                 Nero
                 the
                 Emperours
                 misdeeds
                 ,
                 had
                 the
                 wezel
                 pipe
                 of
                 his
                 throat
                 cut
                 near
                 the
                 waters
                 of
                 Sinvessa
                 ,
                 whilst
                 disporting
                 himself
                 among
                 his
                 Concubines
                 he
                 least
                 thought
                 of
                 any
                 such
                 thing
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 MINT
                 URNE
              
               
                 The
                 River
                 Garigliano
                 being
                 passed
                 ,
                 wherein
                 the
                 Scille
                 or
                 Seashrimp
                 or
                 prauns
                 are
                 taken
                 ,
                 a
                 sweet
                 little
                 fish
                 held
                 very
                 delitious
                 by
                 the
                 Romans
                 ,
                 you
                 may
                 see
                 the
                 reliques
                 of
                 Minturnae
                 ,
                 of
                 old
                 a
                 most
                 flourishing
                 Colony
                 of
                 the
                 Romans
                 :
                 and
                 among
                 them
                 the
                 footsteps
                 of
                 vast
                 publique
                 and
                 Private
                 Fabricks
                 ,
                 some
                 despoiled
                 of
                 the
                 marble
                 which
                 embel●…ished
                 them
                 ,
                 and
                 some
                 entire
                 .
                 As
                 a
                 very
                 sumptuous
                 Aqueduct
                 ,
                 a
                 Theatre
                 with
                 its
                 Scenes
                 and
                 all
                 other
                 necessary
                 parts
                 ,
                 a
                 work
                 after
                 the
                 antient
                 way
                 of
                 building
                 but
                 solid
                 ;
                 An
                 Amphitheatre
                 with
                 its
                 accomodation
                 for
                 sitting
                 ,
                 one
                 seat
                 above
                 another
                 ,
                 but
                 despoiled
                 of
                 its
                 marble
                 ,
                 wherwith
                 for
                 ought
                 appears
                 ,
                 the
                 〈◊〉
                 ●…rajetto
                 standing
                 on
                 the
                 neighbouring
                 hill
                 hath
                 been
                 adorned
                 and
                 fortified
                 ,
                 which
                 Amphitheater
                 is
                 now
                 used
                 as
                 an
                 inclosed
                 pasturage
                 for
                 goats
                 and
                 sheep
                 .
                 Therein
                 lye
                 great
                 footsteps
                 of
                 Walls
                 and
                 Towers
                 ,
                 great
                 arches
                 over
                 gates
                 ,
                 and
                 vast
                 foundations
                 of
                 edifices
                 ,
                 from
                 whence
                 we
                 
                 easily
                 collect
                 ,
                 she
                 hath
                 a
                 been
                 potent
                 and
                 noble
                 City
                 .
              
               
                 This
                 place
                 hath
                 acquired
                 an
                 illustrious
                 fame
                 also
                 from
                 that
                 great
                 victory
                 ,
                 which
                 the
                 Christians
                 there
                 obtained
                 against
                 the
                 Saracens
                 and
                 Infidels
                 ,
                 under
                 the
                 Captains
                 of
                 the
                 Christian
                 Army
                 ,
                 Pope
                 John
                 the
                 10
                 and
                 Albericus
                 Marquess
                 of
                 Tuscany
                 ,
                 when
                 all
                 Italy
                 was
                 delivered
                 from
                 that
                 cursed
                 people
                 ,
                 except
                 
                   Monte
                   Gargano
                
                 ,
                 whither
                 such
                 as
                 could
                 escape
                 ,
                 fled
                 and
                 possessed
                 it
                 a
                 long
                 time
                 after
                 ,
                 robbing
                 both
                 by
                 sea
                 and
                 land
                 .
              
               
                 At
                 the
                 mouth
                 of
                 the
                 river
                 Garigliano
                 ,
                 was
                 the
                 sacred
                 wood
                 ,
                 where
                 the
                 Minturnesi
                 ,
                 honoured
                 the
                 Nymph
                 or
                 Goddesse
                 Marica
                 the
                 wife
                 of
                 Faunus
                 ,
                 to
                 whom
                 on
                 the
                 banks
                 they
                 built
                 a
                 proud
                 Temple
                 ,
                 whereof
                 nought
                 now
                 remains
                 ,
                 no
                 more
                 then
                 of
                 the
                 honourable
                 City
                 Venista
                 ,
                 or
                 of
                 Ausonia
                 a
                 most
                 noble
                 City
                 ,
                 which
                 was
                 so
                 named
                 of
                 Auson
                 the
                 Son
                 of
                 Ul●…sses
                 and
                 Calypso
                 ,
                 which
                 City
                 afterwards
                 gave
                 name
                 to
                 all
                 Italy
                 ,
                 over
                 all
                 which
                 it
                 also
                 Lorded
                 :
                 which
                 Cities
                 stood
                 in
                 those
                 parts
                 along
                 the
                 aforesaid
                 river
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 LE
                 PALVDI
                 MINTVRNESI
                 .
              
               
                 THe
                 adjacent
                 Fenns
                 now
                 Medows
                 called
                 Minturnesi
                 ,
                 are
                 famous
                 for
                 that
                 they
                 reduce
                 to
                 memory
                 a
                 notable
                 example
                 of
                 the
                 various
                 changes
                 of
                 Fortune
                 :
                 which
                 was
                 that
                 
                   C.
                   Marius
                
                 who
                 had
                 been
                 seaven
                 times
                 Consul
                 ,
                 and
                 had
                 seaven
                 times
                 triumphed
                 ,
                 had
                 the
                 good
                 hap
                 to
                 abscond
                 himself
                 therein
                 for
                 saving
                 his
                 life
                 ;
                 where
                 notwithstanding
                 he
                 was
                 found
                 by
                 a
                 Frenchman
                 an
                 Enemy
                 ,
                 but
                 one
                 that
                 had
                 not
                 the
                 boldnesse
                 to
                 offend
                 him
                 ,
                 being
                 terrified
                 and
                 put
                 to
                 fear
                 by
                 the
                 Majestick
                 aspect
                 ,
                 and
                 noble
                 presence
                 of
                 that
                 great
                 man.
                 Whence
                 Marius
                 (
                 having
                 reached
                 a
                 ship
                 )
                 passed
                 into
                 Affrick
                 ,
                 whereof
                 Juvenal
                 speaks
                 concisely
                 in
                 these
                 words
                 .
                 
                   
                     Exilium
                     ,
                     &
                     carcer
                     ,
                     Minturnarumque
                     palludes
                     ,
                  
                   
                     Et
                     mendicatus
                     victa
                     Carthagine
                     panis
                     .
                  
                
              
            
             
               
                 FORMIA
                 .
              
               
                 Thence
                 the
                 
                   Via
                   Appia
                
                 leads
                 by
                 Hercoleana
                 to
                 Formia
                 ,
                 which
                 way
                 is
                 very
                 pleasant
                 ,
                 but
                 the
                 Castle
                 Mola
                 now
                 stands
                 near
                 if
                 not
                 in
                 the
                 place
                 where
                 Formia
                 of
                 old
                 stood
                 ;
                 Mola
                 takes
                 its
                 name
                 from
                 the
                 many
                 Mills
                 grinding
                 in
                 that
                 quarter
                 ,
                 by
                 reason
                 of
                 the
                 quantity
                 of
                 water
                 .
                 The
                 Countrey
                 is
                 such
                 ,
                 that
                 a
                 more
                 delicious
                 cannot
                 be
                 fancied
                 ,
                 wherfore
                 Martial
                 saies
                 .
                 
                   
                   
                     O
                     temperatae
                     dulce
                     Formiae
                     littus
                     !
                  
                
                 And
                 a
                 little
                 after
                 follows
                 .
                 
                   
                     Hic
                     summa
                     legistringitur
                     Thesis
                     vento
                     .
                  
                   
                     Nec
                     languet
                     aequor
                     ,
                     viva
                     sed
                     quies
                     Ponti
                     ▪
                  
                
              
               
                 Volaterrann●…s
                 and
                 others
                 well
                 skilled
                 believe
                 ,
                 that
                 here
                 was
                 the
                 
                   Villa
                   Formiana
                
                 ,
                 appertaining
                 to
                 Cicero
                 ,
                 famous
                 for
                 his
                 slaughter
                 there
                 ,
                 which
                 opinion
                 cannot
                 well
                 be
                 contradicted
                 ,
                 because
                 the
                 Epitaphs
                 ,
                 inscriptions
                 ,
                 &
                 reliques
                 of
                 antiquity
                 ,
                 on
                 the
                 Appia
                 and
                 near
                 Towns
                 ,
                 demonstrate
                 that
                 the
                 City
                 Formia
                 was
                 there
                 ,
                 but
                 chiefly
                 these
                 words
                 to
                 be
                 read
                 on
                 the
                 basis
                 of
                 a
                 Statue
                 (
                 in
                 that
                 place
                 )
                 following
                 .
                 
                   Imp.
                   Caesari
                   Divi
                   Hadriani
                   Filio
                   Divi
                   Trajani
                   .
                   Parthici
                   .
                   Nep.
                   Divi.
                   Nervae
                   .
                   Pronepoti
                   ▪
                   Tito
                   AElio
                   .
                   Hadriano
                   Antonino
                   .
                   Aug.
                   Pio.
                   Pont.
                   Max.
                   Tr.
                   Pont.
                   XI
                   .
                   Cos.
                   III.
                   II.
                   P.
                   P.
                   Formiani
                   .
                   Publicè
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   Strabo
                   ,
                   Pliny
                   ,
                   Solinus
                
                 and
                 other
                 historians
                 concurring
                 say
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 Lacedaemonians
                 built
                 Formia
                 in
                 the
                 antient
                 Territories
                 of
                 the
                 Lestrigoni
                 and
                 therefore
                 
                   Silius
                   Italicus
                
                 calls
                 it
                 the
                 house
                 of
                 Antifata
                 ,
                 because
                 there
                 Antifata
                 the
                 Son
                 of
                 Janus
                 and
                 Nephew
                 of
                 Neptune
                 ruled
                 over
                 the
                 Lestrigoni
                 ,
                 and
                 first
                 called
                 it
                 Hormia
                 which
                 in
                 their
                 Language
                 signified
                 a
                 comodious
                 port
                 ,
                 which
                 that
                 was
                 .
                 The
                 Lacedaemonians
                 were
                 afterwards
                 subjugated
                 by
                 the
                 Campani
                 ,
                 and
                 they
                 by
                 the
                 Romans
                 ,
                 who
                 reduced
                 that
                 with
                 Capua
                 into
                 the
                 form
                 of
                 a
                 Prefecture
                 ,
                 yet
                 leaving
                 Formia
                 in
                 Liberty
                 ,
                 or
                 free
                 ,
                 and
                 making
                 her
                 participate
                 of
                 the
                 Roman
                 honours
                 for
                 some
                 time
                 as
                 Livins
                 in
                 his
                 33
                 book
                 :
                 at
                 last
                 in
                 the
                 civil
                 warrs
                 ,
                 Formia
                 was
                 made
                 a
                 Roman
                 Colony
                 ,
                 and
                 reduced
                 with
                 many
                 others
                 in
                 Italy
                 ,
                 into
                 Castles
                 and
                 Forts
                 as
                 Frontinus
                 saies
                 ,
                 by
                 the
                 
                   Triumvirate
                   ,
                   Caesar
                   ,
                   Antonius
                
                 ,
                 and
                 Lepidus
                 .
                 T
                 was
                 most
                 flourishing
                 in
                 the
                 time
                 of
                 the
                 Emperors
                 through
                 the
                 goodnesse
                 of
                 the
                 air
                 it
                 in
                 joyed
                 ,
                 as
                 
                   Horace
                   ,
                   Martial
                
                 and
                 other
                 authors
                 worthy
                 credit
                 relate
                 ,
                 which
                 may
                 also
                 be
                 conjectured
                 from
                 the
                 more
                 noble
                 structures
                 now
                 extant
                 .
                 In
                 the
                 end
                 the
                 Saracens
                 dest●…oyed
                 it
                 ,
                 with
                 many
                 other
                 Cities
                 in
                 Campania
                 or
                 the
                 
                   Terra
                   di
                   Lavoro
                
                 ,
                 when
                 Pope
                 Gregory
                 the
                 4th
                 .
                 translated
                 the
                 Fpiscopacy
                 to
                 Gaiela
                 .
                 And
                 thus
                 then
                 pursueth
                 the
                 
                   Via
                   Appia
                
                 leading
                 to
                 Fondi
                 .
              
            
             
               
               
                 VELLETRI
                 .
              
               
                 VElletri
                 was
                 an
                 antient
                 and
                 potent
                 Castle
                 of
                 the
                 Volsci
                 ,
                 whereof
                 the
                 Roman
                 histories
                 frequently
                 speak
                 :
                 Livius
                 and
                 
                   Dionysius
                   Hallicarnasseus
                
                 say
                 ,
                 that
                 Velletri
                 was
                 besieged
                 and
                 enforced
                 to
                 yeild
                 to
                 
                   Ancus
                   Martius
                
                 King
                 of
                 the
                 Romans
                 :
                 and
                 Livy
                 adds
                 further
                 ,
                 that
                 t
                 was
                 severely
                 chastised
                 by
                 the
                 Romans
                 for
                 its
                 frequent
                 rebellions
                 ,
                 wherefore
                 the
                 walls
                 were
                 levelled
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 richer
                 sort
                 of
                 Velletri
                 sent
                 to
                 dwell
                 beyond
                 the
                 Tyber
                 ,
                 with
                 penalty
                 of
                 imprisonement
                 to
                 whosoever
                 should
                 set
                 foot
                 on
                 this
                 side
                 Tiber
                 within
                 a
                 mile
                 of
                 Velletri
                 .
                 This
                 Castle
                 was
                 also
                 made
                 a
                 Colony
                 of
                 the
                 Romans
                 ,
                 and
                 many
                 times
                 replenisht
                 with
                 new
                 Inhabitants
                 sent
                 thither
                 from
                 Rome
                 ,
                 because
                 the
                 old
                 (
                 in
                 the
                 many
                 warrs
                 made
                 on
                 those
                 confines
                 )
                 became
                 impotent
                 and
                 much
                 decreased
                 as
                 Livy
                 affirms
                 .
                 Frontinus
                 in
                 his
                 Fragmenta
                 saies
                 ,
                 that
                 he
                 finds
                 many
                 people
                 by
                 precept
                 of
                 the
                 Sempronian
                 Law
                 ,
                 to
                 have
                 been
                 at
                 sundry
                 times
                 sent
                 from
                 Rome
                 to
                 Velletri
                 ,
                 and
                 that
                 afterwards
                 
                   Claudius
                   Caesar
                
                 ,
                 made
                 it
                 a
                 Military
                 Colony
                 ,
                 dividing
                 his
                 own
                 Territory
                 among
                 the
                 Souldiers
                 .
                 T
                 was
                 renowned
                 ,
                 because
                 the
                 Ancestors
                 of
                 
                   Caesar
                   Augustus
                
                 were
                 of
                 old
                 Inhabitants
                 in
                 it
                 ,
                 that
                 is
                 the
                 Octavian
                 Family
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 same
                 Augustus
                 had
                 a
                 certain
                 noble
                 Seat
                 of
                 his
                 own
                 there
                 ,
                 from
                 whence
                 saies
                 Suetonius
                 ,
                 he
                 caused
                 many
                 things
                 necessary
                 for
                 sustenance
                 and
                 livelyhood
                 to
                 be
                 conveighed
                 .
              
               
                 Yet
                 now
                 remain
                 very
                 few
                 marks
                 of
                 the
                 old
                 Fabricks
                 ,
                 notwithstanding
                 that
                 t
                 is
                 yet
                 a
                 great
                 and
                 well
                 inhabited
                 Castle
                 .
                 It
                 hath
                 a
                 lovely
                 Territory
                 replenisht
                 with
                 gardens
                 and
                 Palaces
                 through
                 its
                 vicinity
                 with
                 
                   Rome
                   ,
                   Pliny
                
                 in
                 his
                 14th
                 .
                 book
                 reckons
                 the
                 wine
                 of
                 Velletri
                 ,
                 among
                 the
                 most
                 generous
                 ,
                 but
                 it
                 is
                 not
                 now
                 in
                 that
                 credit
                 ,
                 being
                 so
                 crude
                 at
                 present
                 ,
                 that
                 they
                 are
                 fain
                 to
                 boyle
                 it
                 in
                 a
                 caldron
                 ,
                 to
                 make
                 it
                 drinkable
                 :
                 wherefore
                 Pliny
                 well
                 observes
                 ,
                 that
                 even
                 the
                 Earth
                 hath
                 its
                 age
                 and
                 decays
                 as
                 have
                 all
                 other
                 things
                 .
              
               
                 In
                 the
                 voyage
                 present
                 themselves
                 to
                 view
                 ,
                 Lanuvium
                 or
                 Lanuvio
                 ,
                 a
                 place
                 famous
                 for
                 the
                 Temple
                 there
                 dedicated
                 to
                 
                   Juno
                   Sospita
                
                 .
                 The
                 Riccia
                 or
                 Agritia
                 built
                 by
                 the
                 Sicilians
                 ,
                 afterwards
                 made
                 the
                 Seate
                 of
                 
                   Alba
                   Longa.
                
                 The
                 mountain
                 so
                 much
                 spoken
                 of
                 for
                 the
                 Temple
                 consecrated
                 to
                 Jupiter
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Latines
                 Feast
                 daies
                 there
                 celebrated
                 .
                 Some
                 Lakes
                 which
                 lye
                 under
                 it
                 .
                 The
                 Hill
                 Albano
                 so
                 fatal
                 to
                 the
                 Vejenti
                 .
                 The
                 Nemorese
                 famous
                 for
                 the
                 barbarous
                 sacrifices
                 there
                 performed
                 to
                 
                   Diana
                   Taurica
                
                 ,
                 and
                 
                   Hippolitus
                   Urbius
                
                 .
                 In
                 sum
                 all
                 that
                 tract
                 of
                 Land
                 is
                 worthy
                 contemplation
                 for
                 the
                 many
                 records
                 taken
                 of
                 it
                 among
                 writers
                 .
                 The
                 frequent
                 ruines
                 of
                 great
                 Fabricks
                 lying
                 up
                 and
                 down
                 the
                 Countrey
                 Tusculanum
                 ,
                 where
                 
                   Cicero
                   ,
                   Varro
                
                 ,
                 and
                 divers
                 other
                 noble
                 Romans
                 had
                 their
                 Palaces
                 ,
                 deserve
                 due
                 consideration
                 :
                 as
                 do
                 the
                 Countrey
                 seats
                 of
                 the
                 tenn
                 Cardinals
                 ,
                 and
                 above
                 all
                 the
                 fair
                 Villa
                 of
                 Frescati
                 ,
                 a
                 place
                 deputed
                 to
                 the
                 Popes
                 recreation
                 :
                 The
                 Territory
                 of
                 Frescati
                 ,
                 was
                 the
                 antient
                 delight
                 of
                 the
                 Romans
                 ,
                 and
                 continues
                 
                 now
                 of
                 such
                 ravishing
                 delights
                 ,
                 as
                 t
                 is
                 fitter
                 for
                 the
                 Gods
                 to
                 in
                 habit
                 then
                 men
                 ▪
                 such
                 is
                 the
                 quantity
                 of
                 trees
                 the
                 quality
                 of
                 verts
                 alwaies
                 flourishing
                 ,
                 the
                 murmuring
                 of
                 Fountains
                 and
                 the
                 like
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 PELESTINA
                 .
              
               
                 VPon
                 a
                 mountain
                 on
                 the
                 right
                 hand
                 stands
                 Pelestrina
                 the
                 Antient
                 Seat
                 of
                 the
                 Aborigini
                 ,
                 a
                 people
                 who
                 first
                 possessed
                 the
                 Country
                 about
                 Rome
                 ,
                 living
                 abroad
                 without
                 houses
                 :
                 of
                 the
                 original
                 of
                 this
                 City
                 is
                 no
                 certain
                 knowledge
                 to
                 be
                 had
                 ,
                 being
                 lost
                 through
                 its
                 antiquity
                 ,
                 but
                 thereof
                 divers
                 are
                 the
                 opinions
                 .
                 Virgil
                 in
                 his
                 seaventh
                 (
                 by
                 authority
                 of
                 the
                 Chronicles
                 of
                 the
                 Prenestini
                 )
                 saies
                 ,
                 that
                 Caeculus
                 the
                 Son
                 of
                 Vulcan
                 founded
                 it
                 :
                 whose
                 mother
                 sitting
                 by
                 the
                 fire
                 side
                 a
                 spark
                 happened
                 to
                 light
                 into
                 her
                 lap
                 ,
                 by
                 which
                 she
                 said
                 she
                 was
                 concerved
                 with
                 Childe
                 :
                 when
                 her
                 full
                 time
                 was
                 come
                 she
                 was
                 delivered
                 of
                 a
                 Son
                 ,
                 whom
                 because
                 he
                 had
                 very
                 small
                 eyes
                 ,
                 she
                 called
                 Caecu●…
                 .
                 Of
                 him
                 the
                 noble
                 Family
                 of
                 Cecilians
                 in
                 Rome
                 would
                 need
                 have
                 their
                 beginning
                 deriving
                 ,
                 their
                 Original
                 from
                 him
                 as
                 their
                 first
                 stock
                 .
              
               
                 Soli●…s
                 by
                 authority
                 of
                 Ze●…odotus
                 saies
                 that
                 t
                 was
                 built
                 by
                 Praenestus
                 the
                 Son
                 of
                 Latin●…s
                 and
                 Nephew
                 of
                 
                   Ulisses
                   :
                   Plutark
                
                 in
                 his
                 parallels
                 by
                 authority
                 of
                 Aristotle
                 in
                 the
                 third
                 of
                 Italian
                 things
                 saies
                 ,
                 that
                 Telogonus
                 the
                 Son
                 of
                 Ulisses
                 by
                 Circe
                 the
                 witch
                 ,
                 after
                 he
                 had
                 built
                 Tusculum
                 ,
                 by
                 advisement
                 of
                 the
                 Oracle
                 called
                 it
                 Preneste
                 from
                 the
                 name
                 of
                 the
                 Crowns
                 wherewith
                 he
                 first
                 saw
                 the
                 Inhabitants
                 of
                 the
                 Country
                 to
                 daunce
                 :
                 but
                 be
                 it
                 as
                 some
                 say
                 from
                 the
                 said
                 Praenestus
                 or
                 as
                 others
                 will
                 from
                 the
                 scituation
                 of
                 the
                 place
                 ,
                 a
                 little
                 pendent
                 ,
                 or
                 as
                 others
                 from
                 the
                 scites
                 being
                 so
                 high
                 ,
                 t
                 is
                 indifferent
                 ,
                 since
                 the
                 name
                 Preneste
                 will
                 easily
                 accommodate
                 it self
                 to
                 all
                 or
                 either
                 of
                 these
                 respects
                 .
              
               
                 Yet
                 the
                 more
                 rational
                 opinion
                 for
                 the
                 name
                 ,
                 seems
                 to
                 be
                 derived
                 from
                 the
                 Crowns
                 aforementioned
                 ,
                 not
                 only
                 for
                 the
                 aforesaid
                 cause
                 but
                 also
                 for
                 that
                 in
                 that
                 City
                 there
                 stood
                 a
                 most
                 noble
                 Temple
                 of
                 Fortune
                 ,
                 famous
                 for
                 those
                 diviners
                 by
                 Lots
                 ,
                 who
                 exercised
                 themselves
                 in
                 that
                 superstition
                 :
                 and
                 was
                 therefore
                 visited
                 with
                 many
                 Crowns
                 offered
                 to
                 the
                 said
                 Goddesse
                 by
                 vow
                 :
                 of
                 which
                 Temple
                 some
                 fragments
                 yet
                 remain
                 ,
                 and
                 a
                 few
                 years
                 since
                 ,
                 were
                 there
                 found
                 divers
                 figures
                 of
                 Fortune
                 ,
                 in
                 brasse
                 ,
                 brick
                 ,
                 marble
                 and
                 other
                 materials
                 ,
                 as
                 also
                 several
                 Crowns
                 ,
                 and
                 divers
                 medals
                 ,
                 upon
                 which
                 were
                 figured
                 the
                 various
                 lots
                 ,
                 fortunes
                 ,
                 and
                 chances
                 ,
                 with
                 their
                 marks
                 ,
                 signes
                 ,
                 and
                 letters
                 .
              
               
                 In
                 it
                 also
                 hung
                 divers
                 Tablets
                 and
                 other
                 things
                 offered
                 by
                 vow
                 to
                 
                   Fortune
                   ,
                   Jove
                   ,
                   Hope
                
                 ,
                 and
                 to
                 the
                 Capudini
                 ,
                 which
                 things
                 would
                 take
                 up
                 too
                 much
                 room
                 to
                 recite
                 ,
                 yet
                 one
                 Epigram
                 will
                 not
                 be
                 too
                 impertinent
                 ,
                 since
                 so
                 eminently
                 inscribed
                 on
                 a
                 marble
                 basis
                 ,
                 dedicate
                 in
                 that
                 Temple
                 by
                 
                   T.
                   Caesius
                   Taurinus
                
                 ,
                 with
                 the
                 figure
                 of
                 
                   T.
                   Cesius
                
                 the
                 
                 first
                 his
                 Father
                 ,
                 the
                 most
                 famous
                 Merchant
                 of
                 Corn
                 ,
                 who
                 used
                 every
                 yeer
                 to
                 present
                 a
                 hundred
                 Crowns
                 by
                 vow
                 .
                 On
                 the
                 said
                 Basis
                 are
                 carved
                 two
                 measures
                 ,
                 called
                 Modii
                 ,
                 half
                 bushels
                 filled
                 with
                 ears
                 of
                 corn
                 ,
                 on
                 the
                 sides
                 are
                 some
                 little
                 pillers
                 crowned
                 with
                 ears
                 of
                 corn
                 ,
                 and
                 in
                 the
                 middle
                 is
                 the
                 ensuing
                 Epigram
                 .
                 
                   
                     Tu
                     ,
                     quae
                     Tarpeio
                     coleris
                     vicina
                     Tonanti
                     ,
                  
                   
                     Votorum
                     vindex
                     semper
                     Fortuna
                     meorum
                  
                   
                     Accipe
                     ,
                     quae
                     pietas
                     ponit
                     tibi
                     dona
                     merenti
                     ,
                  
                   
                     Effigiem
                     nostri
                     conservatura
                     Parentis
                     .
                  
                   
                     Cujus
                     ne
                     taceat
                     memorandum
                     littera
                     nomen
                  
                   
                     Cesius
                     hic
                     idemque
                     ritus
                     Primusque
                     vocatur
                  
                   
                     Qui
                     largae
                     Cereris
                     messes
                     ,
                     fructusque
                     renatos
                  
                   
                     Digerit
                     in
                     pretium
                     cui
                     constat
                     fama
                     fidesque
                     ,
                  
                   
                     Et
                     qui
                     divitias
                     vincit
                     ,
                     Pudor
                     ille
                     perillos
                     .
                  
                   
                     Consuetus
                     portus
                     cura
                     studioque
                     laboris
                  
                   
                     Littora
                     qui
                     praestant
                     fessis
                     tutissima
                     nautis
                     .
                  
                   
                     Notus
                     in
                     urbe
                     sacra
                     ,
                     notus
                     quoque
                     finibus
                     illis
                  
                   
                     Quos
                     Umber
                     sulcare
                     solet
                     ,
                     quas
                     Iuscus
                     arator
                  
                   
                     Omnibus
                     his
                     annis
                     votorum
                     more
                     suorum
                  
                   
                     Centenas
                     addit
                     numero
                     cresente
                     coronas
                  
                   
                     Fortunae
                     simulacra
                     coleris
                     ,
                     &
                     Apollinis
                     aras
                  
                   
                     AEgeriumque
                     Jovem
                     ,
                     quoruum
                     consentit
                     in
                     illo
                  
                   
                     Majestas
                     longae
                     promit
                     ens
                     tempora
                     vitae
                  
                   
                     Accipe
                     posteritas
                     quod
                     post
                     tua
                     saecula
                     narres
                     .
                  
                   
                     Taurinus
                     cari
                     jussus
                     pietate
                     parentis
                  
                   
                     Hoc
                     posuit
                     donum
                     ,
                     quod
                     nec
                     sententia
                     mortis
                  
                   
                     Vincere
                     ,
                     nec
                     poterit
                     fatorum
                     summa
                     Potestas
                     ,
                  
                   
                     Sed
                     Populi
                     salvo
                     semper
                     rumore
                     manebit
                     .
                  
                
              
               
                 Cicero
                 declares
                 in
                 his
                 second
                 Book
                 
                   de
                   Divinatione
                
                 ,
                 by
                 extraction
                 out
                 of
                 the
                 Books
                 of
                 the
                 said
                 people
                 Prenestini
                 ,
                 how
                 the
                 observation
                 of
                 Chances
                 Lots
                 or
                 Fortunes
                 came
                 to
                 have
                 its
                 beginning
                 in
                 that
                 City
                 :
                 saying
                 ,
                 that
                 a
                 certain
                 nobleman
                 of
                 Pelestrina
                 named
                 Suffucius
                 by
                 frequent
                 advices
                 and
                 menaces
                 which
                 he
                 had
                 in
                 his
                 dreams
                 ,
                 was
                 commanded
                 to
                 break
                 out
                 of
                 a
                 certain
                 place
                 a
                 great
                 flint
                 stone
                 ,
                 wherat
                 all
                 the
                 other
                 Citizens
                 his
                 Compatriots
                 fell
                 a
                 laughing
                 ,
                 but
                 when
                 the
                 stone
                 was
                 broke
                 ,
                 the
                 Lots
                 or
                 Chaunces
                 suddenly
                 leaped
                 forth
                 engraven
                 in
                 antient
                 Letters
                 ,
                 which
                 occasioned
                 their
                 honouring
                 of
                 Fortune
                 in
                 that
                 place
                 :
                 and
                 thence
                 became
                 the
                 place
                 by
                 little
                 and
                 little
                 enclosed
                 and
                 shut
                 up
                 through
                 respect
                 of
                 the
                 Image
                 of
                 Jupiter
                 there
                 devoutly
                 adored
                 by
                 the
                 Matrons
                 ,
                 in
                 form
                 of
                 a
                 boy
                 childe
                 sitting
                 with
                 Juno
                 in
                 the
                 lap
                 of
                 Fortune
                 ,
                 in
                 a
                 posture
                 as
                 seeking
                 out
                 the
                 breast
                 and
                 teat
                 :
                 and
                 that
                 at
                 the
                 same
                 time
                 ,
                 after
                 the
                 Temple
                 of
                 Fortune
                 was
                 built
                 ,
                 there
                 dropped
                 honey
                 from
                 an
                 olive
                 tree
                 ,
                 wherewith
                 by
                 commandement
                 of
                 the
                 Southsayers
                 was
                 made
                 a
                 chest
                 ,
                 and
                 therein
                 those
                 Lotts
                 were
                 reposed
                 ,
                 the
                 which
                 were
                 mingled
                 and
                 drawn
                 out
                 by
                 a
                 litle
                 boyes
                 hand
                 when
                 ever
                 they
                 would
                 see
                 the
                 issue
                 of
                 any
                 thing
                 :
                 as
                 Fortune
                 had
                 at
                 large
                 directed
                 her
                 intention
                 to
                 be
                 ,
                 that
                 after
                 this
                 manner
                 they
                 should
                 draw
                 out
                 the
                 Lots
                 .
              
               
                 This
                 observation
                 was
                 most
                 antient
                 ,
                 and
                 such
                 as
                 affirm
                 
                   L.
                   Sylla
                
                 to
                 be
                 the
                 builder
                 of
                 this
                 Temple
                 deceive
                 themselves
                 .
                 Which
                 errour
                 
                 they
                 took
                 up
                 from
                 their
                 reading
                 the
                 thirty
                 sixth
                 book
                 of
                 Pliny
                 ,
                 who
                 doth
                 not
                 say
                 
                   L.
                   Sylla
                
                 built
                 that
                 Temple
                 but
                 that
                 he
                 began
                 to
                 make
                 its
                 pavement
                 with
                 small
                 stones
                 of
                 various
                 colours
                 in
                 small
                 figures
                 ,
                 of
                 which
                 .
                 pavement
                 thus
                 wrought
                 ,
                 some
                 yeers
                 since
                 certain
                 parts
                 were
                 found
                 under
                 ground
                 ,
                 and
                 therein
                 figured
                 many
                 forrein
                 creatures
                 with
                 their
                 names
                 in
                 greek
                 .
              
               
                 It
                 may
                 then
                 be
                 rationally
                 believed
                 that
                 
                   L.
                   Sylla
                
                 being
                 victorious
                 in
                 the
                 civil
                 warrs
                 ,
                 after
                 he
                 had
                 enforced
                 
                   C.
                   Marius
                
                 the
                 younger
                 to
                 dye
                 ,
                 and
                 his
                 other
                 enemies
                 who
                 had
                 saved
                 themselves
                 in
                 Preneste
                 ,
                 after
                 a
                 long
                 siege
                 took
                 the
                 City
                 ,
                 killing
                 some
                 part
                 and
                 selling
                 others
                 of
                 the
                 Citizens
                 :
                 but
                 repenting
                 afterwards
                 his
                 impietie
                 expressed
                 against
                 the
                 sacred
                 places
                 ,
                 for
                 expiation
                 of
                 that
                 crime
                 ,
                 he
                 resolved
                 to
                 restore
                 and
                 embellish
                 anew
                 the
                 Temple
                 profaned
                 and
                 almost
                 wholly
                 destroyed
                 by
                 him
                 .
                 It
                 seems
                 a
                 notable
                 advise
                 and
                 observation
                 to
                 me
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 strength
                 of
                 the
                 scite
                 of
                 this
                 City
                 hath
                 occasioned
                 its
                 own
                 destruction
                 ,
                 which
                 hath
                 had
                 a
                 much
                 contrary
                 event
                 in
                 all
                 other
                 strong
                 holds
                 .
                 The
                 cause
                 whereof
                 is
                 attributed
                 to
                 the
                 assured
                 confidence
                 of
                 the
                 strength
                 of
                 the
                 place
                 ,
                 for
                 which
                 cause
                 in
                 the
                 civil
                 warrs
                 the
                 weaker
                 part
                 ordinarily
                 fled
                 thither
                 for
                 safety
                 :
                 but
                 their
                 enemies
                 being
                 stronger
                 and
                 more
                 potent
                 immediately
                 layed
                 siege
                 to
                 it
                 ,
                 so
                 that
                 at
                 the
                 end
                 if
                 they
                 surrendred
                 not
                 themselves
                 the
                 besiegers
                 ruined
                 the
                 poor
                 City
                 :
                 whence
                 we
                 read
                 that
                 in
                 the
                 following
                 times
                 of
                 civil
                 discord
                 the
                 Pelestrini
                 that
                 they
                 might
                 not
                 undergoe
                 so
                 great
                 misery
                 as
                 formerly
                 they
                 had
                 done
                 ,
                 abandoned
                 their
                 City
                 and
                 retired
                 to
                 their
                 dwellings
                 .
              
               
                 To
                 this
                 day
                 appear
                 there
                 many
                 subterranean
                 waies
                 from
                 the
                 Castle
                 to
                 the
                 foot
                 of
                 the
                 adjacent
                 mountains
                 ,
                 (
                 besides
                 the
                 Caves
                 used
                 as
                 conservatories
                 for
                 water
                 )
                 which
                 were
                 made
                 for
                 introducing
                 of
                 assistance
                 ,
                 or
                 to
                 fly
                 the
                 City
                 occultly
                 :
                 into
                 one
                 of
                 which
                 
                   C.
                   Marius
                
                 the
                 younger
                 having
                 withdrawn
                 himself
                 ,
                 and
                 perceiving
                 himself
                 to
                 be
                 beseiged
                 on
                 all
                 sides
                 ,
                 so
                 that
                 he
                 could
                 not
                 fly
                 ,
                 that
                 he
                 might
                 not
                 living
                 fall
                 into
                 the
                 hands
                 of
                 his
                 enemies
                 ,
                 agreed
                 with
                 Telesinus
                 to
                 run
                 one
                 against
                 the
                 other
                 with
                 their
                 naked
                 swords
                 so
                 to
                 kill
                 themselves
                 :
                 by
                 which
                 means
                 Telesinus
                 was
                 slain
                 ,
                 but
                 Mvrius
                 remained
                 alive
                 thorugh
                 desperatly
                 wounded
                 ,
                 and
                 soon
                 after
                 caused
                 one
                 of
                 his
                 Se●vants
                 to
                 make
                 an
                 end
                 of
                 his
                 then
                 begun
                 death
                 ,
                 by
                 killing
                 him
                 .
                 From
                 which
                 successes
                 ,
                 the
                 Inhabitants
                 of
                 the
                 place
                 believe
                 the
                 stones
                 of
                 those
                 subterranean
                 waies
                 to
                 be
                 still
                 reddish
                 with
                 the
                 bloud
                 spilt
                 there
                 :
                 which
                 yet
                 is
                 not
                 so
                 ,
                 for
                 over
                 all
                 those
                 hills
                 are
                 stones
                 red
                 by
                 nature
                 ,
                 and
                 not
                 through
                 any
                 accident
                 of
                 blood
                 spilt
                 thereon
                 .
              
               
                 Preneste
                 was
                 first
                 a
                 free
                 City
                 and
                 confederate
                 with
                 the
                 Romans
                 ,
                 having
                 its
                 own
                 Praetor
                 as
                 Livy
                 and
                 Festus
                 declare
                 calling
                 her
                 
                   Municipal
                   .
                   Appianus
                
                 saies
                 that
                 the
                 Prenestini
                 at
                 the
                 time
                 of
                 the
                 Italian
                 war
                 were
                 made
                 Citizens
                 of
                 Rome
                 with
                 the
                 ●iburtini
                 ;
                 but
                 some
                 time
                 after
                 
                   L.
                   Sylla
                
                 ,
                 victorious
                 (
                 as
                 Cicero
                 ,
                 speaks
                 ,
                 in
                 Catalines
                 conspiracy
                 )
                 having
                 emptied
                 this
                 City
                 by
                 slaughters
                 and
                 banishments
                 ,
                 and
                 deprived
                 her
                 of
                 inhabitants
                 by
                 the
                 many
                 expulsions
                 ,
                 slaughters
                 and
                 banishments
                 he
                 made
                 of
                 them
                 ,
                 there
                 remained
                 so
                 few
                 inhabitants
                 that
                 he
                 sent
                 of
                 the
                 Romans
                 to
                 dwell
                 there
                 ,
                 dividing
                 its
                 Territory
                 among
                 the
                 new
                 comers
                 ,
                 and
                 thus
                 made
                 it
                 a
                 Roman
                 Colony
                 .
                 
                   Aulus
                   Gellius
                
                 saies
                 in
                 the
                 third
                 Chapter
                 of
                 his
                 16.
                 book
                 that
                 afterwards
                 the
                 Prenestini
                 obtained
                 
                 of
                 
                   Tiberius
                   Augustus
                
                 a
                 restoration
                 to
                 their
                 first
                 state
                 ,
                 that
                 is
                 into
                 the
                 condition
                 of
                 free
                 Citizens
                 ,
                 having
                 the
                 form
                 of
                 a
                 Colony
                 wholly
                 amoved
                 from
                 their
                 City
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 TIVOLI
                 .
              
               
                 WHen
                 arrived
                 at
                 Tivoli
                 ,
                 first
                 go
                 see
                 those
                 gardens
                 which
                 
                   Hippolitus
                   Estense
                
                 Cardinal
                 of
                 Ferrara
                 ,
                 planted
                 with
                 so
                 much
                 cost
                 many
                 yeers
                 since
                 upon
                 the
                 back
                 of
                 the
                 mountain
                 ,
                 together
                 with
                 a
                 proud
                 Pallace
                 ,
                 which
                 also
                 is
                 beautifyed
                 with
                 old
                 statues
                 ,
                 Pictures
                 and
                 royal
                 houshold
                 stuffe
                 ,
                 even
                 to
                 the
                 emulation
                 of
                 the
                 greatness
                 and
                 magnificence
                 of
                 the
                 Antients
                 .
              
               
                 But
                 who
                 is
                 able
                 with
                 sufficiency
                 ever
                 to
                 display
                 in
                 words
                 the
                 exquisite
                 delights
                 ,
                 costs
                 &
                 pleasure
                 ,
                 wherewith
                 this
                 place
                 and
                 palace
                 is
                 plentifully
                 furnished
                 ?
                 and
                 who
                 shall
                 relate
                 the
                 Labyrinths
                 ,
                 the
                 Groves
                 ,
                 the
                 half
                 circles
                 ,
                 the
                 triumphant
                 Arches
                 ,
                 the
                 Arches
                 laden
                 with
                 old
                 statues
                 ,
                 the
                 Caverns
                 of
                 the
                 Nymphs
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 innumerable
                 fountains
                 which
                 every
                 where
                 sprout
                 forth
                 waters
                 ,
                 the
                 close
                 walkes
                 ,
                 and
                 beautifull
                 arbours
                 covered
                 with
                 trees
                 ,
                 herbs
                 ,
                 and
                 tender
                 branches
                 and
                 other
                 like
                 verts
                 .
              
               
                 
                   Ubertus
                   Folieta
                
                 of
                 Genoua
                 heretofore
                 described
                 it
                 most
                 gratiously
                 ,
                 But
                 
                   Corona
                   Pighio
                
                 cannot
                 satiate
                 himself
                 with
                 praising
                 of
                 it
                 ,
                 who
                 published
                 descriptions
                 of
                 that
                 Palace
                 and
                 the
                 gardens
                 in
                 Rome
                 stamped
                 from
                 brasse
                 cuts
                 ,
                 the
                 view
                 whereof
                 in
                 my
                 opinion
                 may
                 draw
                 as
                 many
                 persons
                 to
                 behold
                 it
                 ,
                 as
                 Rome
                 doth
                 with
                 all
                 its
                 wonders
                 .
                 Although
                 we
                 have
                 scarce
                 courage
                 enough
                 ,
                 yet
                 conformable
                 to
                 that
                 published
                 Table
                 will
                 we
                 cursorily
                 describe
                 it
                 ,
                 for
                 satisfaction
                 of
                 such
                 as
                 have
                 not
                 had
                 the
                 good
                 fortune
                 to
                 see
                 them
                 ,
                 or
                 at
                 least
                 their
                 draught
                 in
                 picture
                 .
                 First
                 then
                 the
                 Hill
                 is
                 levelled
                 at
                 top
                 ,
                 and
                 upon
                 the
                 plain
                 thereon
                 is
                 erected
                 the
                 Palace
                 ,
                 built
                 of
                 square
                 stones
                 with
                 the
                 grandure
                 and
                 magnificence
                 of
                 a
                 Royal
                 palace
                 ,
                 and
                 with
                 exquisite
                 art
                 and
                 proportion
                 .
              
               
                 On
                 the
                 right
                 hand
                 whereof
                 lie
                 enclosed
                 gardens
                 ,
                 called
                 Secreti
                 ,
                 and
                 therein
                 sixteen
                 great
                 marble
                 Goblets
                 emit
                 clear
                 waters
                 ,
                 in
                 the
                 midst
                 whereof
                 sits
                 a
                 
                   Janus
                   Quadrifrons
                
                 ,
                 with
                 four
                 faces
                 ,
                 higher
                 raised
                 then
                 those
                 goblets
                 ,
                 which
                 makes
                 four
                 other
                 fountains
                 adorned
                 like
                 looking
                 glasses
                 :
                 and
                 on
                 the
                 right
                 hand
                 a
                 Tennis
                 Court
                 ,
                 and
                 other
                 sumptuous
                 places
                 for
                 exercise
                 .
                 The
                 forefront
                 hath
                 between
                 the
                 windows
                 many
                 old
                 statues
                 of
                 Marble
                 ,
                 as
                 hath
                 the
                 first
                 Porticue
                 ,
                 from
                 which
                 lead
                 two
                 fair
                 stone
                 staire-cases
                 up
                 into
                 the
                 palaces
                 .
              
               
                 Before
                 this
                 Porticue
                 in
                 the
                 midst
                 of
                 a
                 Piazza
                 stands
                 a
                 Leda
                 ,
                 which
                 Leda
                 was
                 wife
                 of
                 Tyndarus
                 King
                 of
                 Laconia
                 with
                 whom
                 as
                 Poets
                 feign
                 Jupiter
                 accompanying
                 ,
                 she
                 brought
                 forth
                 two
                 eggs
                 ,
                 of
                 the
                 one
                 whereof
                 came
                 Pollux
                 and
                 Helena
                 ,
                 (
                 ravished
                 by
                 Paris
                 )
                 of
                 the
                 other
                 Castor
                 and
                 Clytemnestra
                 .
                 Thence
                 the
                 hill
                 (
                 a
                 pleasant
                 descent
                 )
                 is
                 reduced
                 into
                 four
                 long
                 Piazzaes
                 and
                 so
                 levelled
                 contains
                 before
                 the
                 front
                 
                 of
                 the
                 palace
                 four
                 great
                 and
                 spatious
                 gardens
                 ,
                 into
                 each
                 of
                 which
                 at
                 each
                 end
                 and
                 in
                 the
                 middle
                 ,
                 three
                 pair
                 of
                 stone
                 stairs
                 (
                 artificially
                 composed
                 )
                 conduct
                 by
                 a
                 facile
                 descent
                 ,
                 whose
                 sides
                 are
                 bathed
                 by
                 divers
                 purling
                 streams
                 ,
                 running
                 towards
                 their
                 Lakes
                 .
                 Every
                 garden
                 is
                 divided
                 in
                 its
                 orders
                 ,
                 hath
                 places
                 to
                 sit
                 in
                 ,
                 and
                 fair
                 collumnes
                 erected
                 in
                 divers
                 parts
                 ,
                 so
                 that
                 such
                 as
                 go
                 walking
                 from
                 one
                 part
                 to
                 another
                 ,
                 through
                 places
                 and
                 passages
                 covered
                 over
                 with
                 leaves
                 and
                 vines
                 ,
                 and
                 other
                 verts
                 alwaies
                 flourishing
                 ,
                 enjoy
                 a
                 most
                 beautifull
                 prospect
                 and
                 no
                 less
                 sweet
                 odours
                 from
                 the
                 circumjacent
                 flowers
                 which
                 make
                 a
                 pompous
                 shew
                 .
                 In
                 the
                 appartments
                 growes
                 fresh
                 grasse
                 ,
                 which
                 with
                 the
                 flowers
                 by
                 their
                 variety
                 wonderfully
                 entertain
                 the
                 eye
                 and
                 fancy
                 of
                 whoever
                 regard
                 them
                 ,
                 nor
                 can
                 any
                 satiate
                 himself
                 in
                 the
                 view
                 of
                 those
                 infinite
                 and
                 wonderfull
                 statues
                 ,
                 pillars
                 ,
                 Fountains
                 and
                 other
                 objects
                 there
                 presenting
                 themselves
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 passage
                 from
                 the
                 Piazza
                 before
                 the
                 Palace
                 on
                 the
                 right
                 hand
                 leads
                 through
                 divers
                 walks
                 ,
                 trees
                 and
                 small
                 groves
                 ,
                 wherein
                 are
                 placed
                 several
                 Fountains
                 ,
                 as
                 that
                 of
                 Tothyde
                 ,
                 that
                 of
                 AEsculapius
                 ,
                 that
                 of
                 Nigga
                 ,
                 that
                 of
                 Aretusa
                 ,
                 and
                 Pandora
                 ,
                 and
                 that
                 of
                 Pomona
                 and
                 Flora.
                 In
                 the
                 descent
                 into
                 the
                 first
                 garden
                 ,
                 shews
                 it self
                 the
                 Colossus
                 of
                 Pegasus
                 in
                 Pamosso
                 ,
                 a
                 horse
                 feigned
                 to
                 have
                 wings
                 ,
                 under
                 whose
                 shadow
                 a
                 fair
                 Fountain
                 casteth
                 up
                 her
                 waters
                 very
                 high
                 and
                 in
                 the
                 wood
                 &
                 rocks
                 is
                 a
                 Cavern
                 ,
                 and
                 near
                 them
                 a
                 statue
                 of
                 Venus
                 &
                 Bacchus
                 :
                 near
                 which
                 .
                 is
                 a
                 Lake
                 ,
                 into
                 which
                 some
                 rivolets
                 run
                 among
                 rocks
                 with
                 a
                 murmuring
                 noise
                 between
                 two
                 Colossus
                 ,
                 one
                 of
                 the
                 
                   Sibilla
                   Tiburtina
                
                 ,
                 the
                 other
                 of
                 Melicerta
                 the
                 son
                 of
                 Athamas
                 and
                 Ino
                 ,
                 whom
                 the
                 Gentiles
                 did
                 honour
                 for
                 one
                 of
                 the
                 Gods
                 of
                 the
                 Sea.
                 Below
                 which
                 lye
                 the
                 statues
                 of
                 the
                 Rivers
                 Aniene
                 ,
                 and
                 Herculano
                 ,
                 conjoined
                 to
                 certain
                 vessels
                 out
                 of
                 which
                 some
                 waters
                 run
                 into
                 the
                 Lake
                 ,
                 as
                 also
                 out
                 of
                 the
                 Urns
                 ,
                 round
                 which
                 stand
                 ten
                 Nymphs
                 .
                 In
                 the
                 midst
                 are
                 two
                 Grotts
                 ,
                 the
                 one
                 of
                 the
                 
                   Sibilla
                   Tiburtina
                
                 ,
                 the
                 other
                 of
                 Diana
                 the
                 Goddesse
                 of
                 the
                 woods
                 ,
                 both
                 which
                 are
                 adorned
                 with
                 fountains
                 ,
                 statues
                 ,
                 Curral
                 ,
                 mother
                 of
                 Pearl
                 ,
                 and
                 a
                 pavement
                 exactly
                 wrought
                 with
                 mosaick
                 work
                 .
                 On
                 the
                 other
                 side
                 of
                 the
                 garden
                 you
                 have
                 a
                 fair
                 prospect
                 of
                 Rome
                 in
                 a
                 semicircle
                 ,
                 round
                 which
                 appear
                 her
                 most
                 memorable
                 Fabricks
                 ;
                 and
                 in
                 the
                 midst
                 sits
                 Rome
                 in
                 the
                 habit
                 of
                 a
                 warlike
                 Goddesse
                 ,
                 between
                 her
                 seaven
                 hills
                 :
                 this
                 statue
                 is
                 of
                 marble
                 ,
                 bigger
                 then
                 a
                 man
                 ,
                 in
                 shape
                 of
                 a
                 Virgin
                 in
                 a
                 short
                 girt
                 coat
                 ,
                 with
                 naked
                 hands
                 ,
                 military
                 buskins
                 ,
                 and
                 a
                 sword
                 hanging
                 in
                 a
                 belt
                 from
                 the
                 right
                 shoulder
                 .
                 Her
                 head
                 is
                 covered
                 with
                 a
                 murrion
                 ,
                 in
                 her
                 right
                 hand
                 she
                 holds
                 a
                 spear
                 ,
                 in
                 the
                 left
                 a
                 shield
                 :
                 she
                 sits
                 as
                 aforesaid
                 in
                 the
                 midst
                 of
                 her
                 wonders
                 in
                 the
                 City
                 and
                 on
                 every
                 side
                 appear
                 her
                 sacred
                 Fabricks
                 ,
                 as
                 the
                 Pantheon
                 ,
                 the
                 Capitolian
                 Temples
                 ,
                 the
                 Circs
                 ,
                 the
                 Theatres
                 ,
                 the
                 Amphitheatres
                 ,
                 the
                 Collumnes
                 ,
                 the
                 Obelisks
                 ,
                 the
                 Mauseoli
                 ,
                 the
                 Arches
                 Triumphant
                 ,
                 the
                 Pyramides
                 ,
                 the
                 Acqueducts
                 ,
                 the
                 Baths
                 ,
                 the
                 River
                 Tyber
                 ,
                 with
                 the
                 wolf
                 and
                 Twin
                 Brothers
                 pouring
                 water
                 into
                 the
                 City
                 out
                 of
                 an
                 urn
                 ;
                 in
                 the
                 midst
                 of
                 which
                 running
                 waters
                 ,
                 riseth
                 an
                 Island
                 cut
                 in
                 the
                 shape
                 of
                 a
                 ship
                 which
                 bears
                 on
                 the
                 main
                 yard
                 an
                 Obelisk
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 ship
                 seems
                 to
                 be
                 laden
                 with
                 these
                 four
                 Temples
                 ,
                 the
                 Temple
                 of
                 AEsculapius
                 in
                 the
                 poope
                 ,
                 and
                 those
                 of
                 
                   Jupiter
                   ,
                   Berecinta
                
                 and
                 Faustus
                 ,
                 it
                 beares
                 in
                 the
                 prow
                 .
              
               
               
                 Thence
                 descending
                 to
                 the
                 lower
                 garden
                 ,
                 you
                 find
                 on
                 the
                 left
                 hand
                 in
                 a
                 semy
                 circle
                 called
                 the
                 great
                 ,
                 a
                 green
                 grove
                 ,
                 placed
                 between
                 certain
                 Rocks
                 amid
                 which
                 run
                 fountains
                 this
                 may
                 be
                 called
                 the
                 residence
                 for
                 birds
                 :
                 for
                 on
                 the
                 arms
                 of
                 the
                 trees
                 you
                 see
                 many
                 images
                 of
                 little
                 birds
                 singing
                 more
                 sweetly
                 then
                 the
                 natural
                 ,
                 who
                 clap
                 their
                 wings
                 as
                 if
                 alive
                 ,
                 receiving
                 their
                 motion
                 from
                 the
                 aire
                 and
                 the
                 waters
                 with
                 miraculous
                 artifice
                 ,
                 by
                 means
                 of
                 certain
                 little
                 reeds
                 hid
                 in
                 the
                 armes
                 of
                 the
                 trees
                 :
                 sometimes
                 to
                 please
                 the
                 spectators
                 ,
                 they
                 will
                 make
                 a
                 screech
                 owle
                 to
                 appear
                 ,
                 and
                 then
                 on
                 a
                 suddain
                 as
                 if
                 the
                 birds
                 were
                 sensible
                 of
                 fear
                 ,
                 they
                 are
                 all
                 silent
                 ,
                 but
                 that
                 again
                 withdrawn
                 ,
                 in
                 an
                 instant
                 they
                 all
                 begin
                 their
                 notes
                 and
                 sing
                 most
                 melodiously
                 .
              
               
                 In
                 the
                 middle
                 of
                 this
                 garden
                 is
                 a
                 round
                 standing
                 water
                 Lake
                 ,
                 and
                 in
                 it
                 a
                 capacious
                 vessel
                 and
                 a
                 fountain
                 named
                 from
                 the
                 Dragons
                 ,
                 which
                 vomit
                 out
                 of
                 their
                 throats
                 great
                 store
                 of
                 waters
                 ,
                 having
                 trumpets
                 in
                 their
                 hands
                 which
                 also
                 emit
                 plentifull
                 waters
                 ,
                 with
                 a
                 horrid
                 noise
                 imitating
                 the
                 sound
                 of
                 the
                 trumpet
                 .
                 On
                 the
                 right
                 hand
                 lies
                 the
                 Grotto
                 of
                 Nature
                 adorned
                 with
                 many
                 statues
                 ,
                 and
                 in
                 it
                 an
                 Organ
                 with
                 fair
                 pipes
                 ,
                 the
                 which
                 perform
                 an
                 harmonious
                 consort
                 of
                 various
                 and
                 artificial
                 musick
                 ,
                 by
                 the
                 motion
                 of
                 the
                 waters
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 next
                 garden
                 is
                 not
                 only
                 beautifyed
                 by
                 the
                 fair
                 fountains
                 ,
                 but
                 by
                 the
                 quantity
                 of
                 Swans
                 ,
                 and
                 fish
                 preserved
                 in
                 their
                 several
                 stations
                 separated
                 with
                 rare
                 artifice
                 .
                 In
                 the
                 three
                 greater
                 fountains
                 are
                 certain
                 Beacons
                 ,
                 called
                 Sudanti
                 ,
                 and
                 other
                 boundaries
                 round
                 them
                 ,
                 which
                 cast
                 water
                 very
                 high
                 in
                 such
                 quantities
                 ,
                 that
                 in
                 their
                 fall
                 they
                 seem
                 natural
                 showers
                 ,
                 refreshing
                 the
                 air
                 ,
                 and
                 cooling
                 the
                 earth
                 making
                 noise
                 of
                 waters
                 in
                 their
                 fall
                 ,
                 as
                 if
                 the
                 winds
                 were
                 high
                 ,
                 sprinkling
                 and
                 washing
                 at
                 a
                 good
                 distance
                 .
                 In
                 the
                 midst
                 of
                 these
                 conserves
                 you
                 see
                 the
                 effigies
                 of
                 the
                 great
                 Father
                 Oceanus
                 placed
                 in
                 a
                 semicircle
                 like
                 a
                 Theatre
                 ,
                 and
                 in
                 the
                 middle
                 thereof
                 a
                 marble
                 chariot
                 like
                 that
                 of
                 the
                 
                   Venus
                   Marina
                
                 ,
                 drawn
                 by
                 foure
                 Sea
                 horses
                 ,
                 on
                 which
                 sits
                 a
                 great
                 Neptune
                 seeming
                 to
                 threaten
                 with
                 his
                 Trident.
                 
              
               
                 Lastly
                 descending
                 into
                 the
                 last
                 garden
                 near
                 the
                 rock
                 ,
                 you
                 find
                 in
                 one
                 part
                 a
                 Fountain
                 of
                 Triton
                 ,
                 and
                 on
                 the
                 other
                 a
                 Fountain
                 of
                 
                   Venus
                   Clonina
                
                 ,
                 and
                 in
                 the
                 rest
                 of
                 the
                 level
                 besides
                 the
                 Pescheries
                 ,
                 four
                 Labyrinths
                 difficult
                 enough
                 for
                 any
                 one
                 to
                 get
                 out
                 of
                 that
                 's
                 once
                 in
                 ,
                 placed
                 one
                 by
                 another
                 in
                 foure
                 compartments
                 amidst
                 forreign
                 plants
                 .
                 The
                 entrance
                 and
                 outlet
                 of
                 these
                 gardens
                 ,
                 are
                 embellisht
                 with
                 great
                 Fabricks
                 built
                 of
                 Tiburtine
                 stone
                 ,
                 with
                 great
                 expence
                 .
                 Thus
                 much
                 concerning
                 the
                 Villa
                 of
                 Tivoli
                 ,
                 of
                 Cardinal
                 
                   Hippolito
                   E
                   stense
                
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 noble
                 sepulchre
                 of
                 Cardinal
                 
                   Hippolito
                   da
                   Este
                
                 in
                 the
                 Church
                 will
                 recompence
                 your
                 pains
                 in
                 the
                 sight
                 of
                 it
                 ,
                 being
                 composed
                 with
                 marble
                 of
                 various
                 colours
                 ,
                 on
                 it
                 stands
                 a
                 great
                 white
                 marble
                 statue
                 of
                 the
                 said
                 Cardinal
                 of
                 great
                 cost
                 and
                 fair
                 appearance
                 .
                 The
                 Castle
                 also
                 affords
                 many
                 worthy
                 objects
                 ,
                 but
                 what
                 is
                 more
                 considerable
                 ,
                 is
                 the
                 precipitous
                 descent
                 of
                 the
                 River
                 ;
                 which
                 falls
                 with
                 such
                 noise
                 and
                 fury
                 from
                 high
                 cliffs
                 of
                 mountains
                 ,
                 that
                 for
                 the
                 most
                 part
                 its
                 vapours
                 render
                 the
                 air
                 foggie
                 ,
                 and
                 many
                 times
                 at
                 a
                 distance
                 there
                 seem
                 to
                 hang
                 celestial
                 rainbowes
                 ,
                 cloudes
                 being
                 at
                 most
                 times
                 over
                 it
                 .
                 This
                 River
                 infamed
                 by
                 the
                 writings
                 of
                 the
                 antient
                 ,
                 takes
                 its
                 rise
                 at
                 the
                 mountain
                 of
                 the
                 Trebani
                 ,
                 and
                 runs
                 into
                 three
                 noble
                 Lakes
                 .
                 
                 which
                 give
                 name
                 to
                 the
                 adjacent
                 castle
                 ,
                 called
                 Sublaco
                 :
                 which
                 Lakes
                 Tacitus
                 seems
                 to
                 call
                 Simbrivini
                 ,
                 saying
                 in
                 the
                 14th
                 .
                 Book
                 of
                 his
                 Annals
                 ,
                 that
                 near
                 them
                 stood
                 the
                 
                   Villa
                   Sublacense
                
                 of
                 Nero
                 in
                 the
                 confines
                 of
                 Tivoli
                 ,
                 from
                 which
                 Lakes
                 the
                 Aniene
                 running
                 afterward
                 through
                 woods
                 and
                 mountains
                 ,
                 falls
                 at
                 last
                 in
                 the
                 plain
                 near
                 Tivoli
                 ,
                 from
                 high
                 stones
                 ,
                 with
                 fury
                 and
                 noise
                 ,
                 then
                 it
                 goes
                 some
                 space
                 under
                 ground
                 ,
                 and
                 at
                 the
                 foot
                 of
                 the
                 mountain
                 returns
                 all
                 again
                 above
                 ground
                 ,
                 it
                 runs
                 through
                 the
                 three
                 sulphurious
                 veins
                 ,
                 called
                 Albule
                 ,
                 from
                 their
                 white
                 colour
                 .
                 T
                 is
                 said
                 ,
                 and
                 Strabo
                 confirms
                 the
                 water
                 there
                 to
                 be
                 medicinal
                 in
                 drinking
                 or
                 Bathing
                 ,
                 and
                 Pliny
                 writes
                 that
                 they
                 heal
                 the
                 wounded
                 .
                 Nor
                 does
                 the
                 Albule
                 only
                 but
                 also
                 the
                 Albunea
                 above
                 Tivoli
                 consolidate
                 wounds
                 .
                 Regarding
                 the
                 Campania
                 of
                 Tivoli
                 ,
                 about
                 the
                 Aniene
                 you
                 will
                 find
                 huge
                 stones
                 encreased
                 by
                 little
                 and
                 little
                 in
                 long
                 time
                 by
                 vertue
                 of
                 the
                 waters
                 running
                 by
                 ,
                 and
                 in
                 the
                 bottome
                 of
                 Lakes
                 there
                 you
                 'l
                 find
                 of
                 hard
                 stones
                 generated
                 by
                 the
                 same
                 means
                 .
              
               
                 In
                 this
                 confine
                 are
                 many
                 footsteps
                 of
                 old
                 edifices
                 worthy
                 contemplation
                 :
                 Tivoli
                 having
                 been
                 a
                 most
                 noble
                 City
                 ,
                 and
                 well
                 Inhabited
                 through
                 the
                 beauty
                 of
                 its
                 scite
                 ,
                 the
                 goodnesse
                 of
                 its
                 soyle
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 salubrity
                 of
                 the
                 aire
                 :
                 which
                 made
                 it
                 be
                 surrounded
                 with
                 the
                 fair
                 Villa's
                 ,
                 and
                 Lordly
                 houses
                 of
                 the
                 rich
                 persons
                 of
                 that
                 Country
                 ,
                 although
                 now
                 like
                 Rome
                 ,
                 and
                 all
                 Italy
                 also
                 it
                 lies
                 waste
                 and
                 ruinated
                 by
                 the
                 various
                 warrs
                 and
                 successes
                 which
                 have
                 destroyed
                 it
                 .
                 T
                 is
                 certain
                 that
                 Greeks
                 were
                 the
                 builders
                 of
                 this
                 City
                 ,
                 but
                 who
                 they
                 were
                 is
                 not
                 certain
                 ,
                 the
                 writers
                 of
                 the
                 Italian
                 antiquities
                 not
                 agreeing
                 herein
                 :
                 yet
                 the
                 greater
                 part
                 say
                 that
                 Catillo
                 was
                 its
                 founder
                 ,
                 who
                 some
                 say
                 was
                 of
                 Arcadia
                 ,
                 and
                 Captain
                 of
                 Evanders
                 Navy
                 .
                 Others
                 affirm
                 Argiv●…s
                 the
                 son
                 of
                 Amfiardo
                 the
                 Southsayer
                 ,
                 after
                 the
                 prodigious
                 death
                 of
                 his
                 Father
                 near
                 Thebes
                 ,
                 came
                 by
                 command
                 of
                 the
                 oracle
                 with
                 his
                 family
                 and
                 Gods
                 (
                 long
                 before
                 the
                 Trojane
                 warr
                 )
                 into
                 Italy
                 :
                 and
                 by
                 the
                 assistance
                 of
                 the
                 
                   Enotri
                   ,
                   Aborigeni
                
                 ,
                 drove
                 the
                 Sic●…li
                 out
                 of
                 that
                 place
                 ,
                 naming
                 the
                 Castle
                 taken
                 from
                 them
                 Tib●…re
                 ,
                 from
                 his
                 eldest
                 sons
                 name
                 .
                 Nor
                 does
                 Pliny
                 much
                 disagree
                 from
                 this
                 ,
                 though
                 he
                 does
                 not
                 wholly
                 agree
                 with
                 it
                 :
                 for
                 in
                 the
                 16th
                 of
                 his
                 natural
                 History
                 writing
                 of
                 the
                 ages
                 of
                 Trees
                 he
                 saies
                 ,
                 that
                 in
                 his
                 time
                 there
                 stood
                 3
                 Holme
                 Trees
                 by
                 Tivoli
                 ,
                 near
                 to
                 which
                 Tiburtio
                 the
                 builder
                 of
                 that
                 Castle
                 ,
                 had
                 received
                 augure
                 to
                 build
                 it
                 .
                 But
                 saies
                 he
                 was
                 the
                 Nephew
                 not
                 the
                 Son
                 of
                 Amfiardo
                 and
                 that
                 he
                 came
                 with
                 his
                 two
                 Brothers
                 Lora
                 and
                 Catillo
                 one
                 age
                 before
                 the
                 Trojane
                 warr
                 ,
                 and
                 that
                 he
                 there
                 caused
                 the
                 Castle
                 to
                 be
                 built
                 ,
                 calling
                 it
                 after
                 his
                 own
                 name
                 because
                 he
                 was
                 the
                 elder
                 ,
                 in
                 which
                 opinion
                 Virgil
                 ,
                 in
                 his
                 AEneides
                 seems
                 to
                 concur
                 :
                 but
                 Horati●…s
                 on
                 the
                 other
                 part
                 calls
                 Tivoli
                 the
                 walls
                 of
                 Catillus
                 pursuing
                 the
                 others
                 opinion
                 :
                 from
                 which
                 expressions
                 we
                 conjecture
                 that
                 the
                 City
                 Tivoli
                 ,
                 was
                 before
                 Rome
                 .
                 Those
                 of
                 Tivoli
                 held
                 Hercules
                 in
                 reverence
                 above
                 the
                 other
                 idols
                 ,
                 as
                 Protector
                 of
                 the
                 Graecian
                 people
                 ,
                 at
                 whose
                 festivity
                 infinite
                 people
                 resorted
                 thither
                 .
              
               
                 In
                 it
                 was
                 also
                 a
                 Temple
                 for
                 the
                 Sorti
                 ,
                 lotts
                 or
                 chances
                 no
                 lesse
                 famous
                 for
                 their
                 oracles
                 then
                 that
                 in
                 Bura
                 ,
                 or
                 in
                 Achaia
                 a
                 countrey
                 of
                 Morea
                 ,
                 mentioned
                 by
                 Pausanias
                 :
                 whence
                 the
                 Poet
                 Statius
                 saies
                 ,
                 that
                 such
                 was
                 the
                 beauty
                 of
                 the
                 place
                 that
                 even
                 the
                 
                   Sorti
                   Prenestini
                
                 would
                 have
                 chosen
                 it
                 for
                 giving
                 their
                 answers
                 ,
                 had
                 not
                 Hercules
                 first
                 possessed
                 the
                 place
                 .
              
               
               
                 Th●…se
                 are
                 his
                 words
                 .
                 
                   
                     Quod
                     que
                     in
                     templa
                     d●…rent
                     alias
                     Tyrinthia
                     sortes
                     ,
                  
                   
                     Et
                     Prenestinae
                     poterant
                     migrare
                     sorores
                     .
                  
                
              
               
                 He
                 calls
                 the
                 Sorti
                 Sisters
                 ;
                 for
                 that
                 good
                 and
                 bad
                 Fortune
                 were
                 reverenced
                 as
                 two
                 Sisters
                 .
                 T
                 is
                 thought
                 that
                 Temple
                 under
                 the
                 mountain
                 in
                 the
                 way
                 of
                 Tivoli
                 ,
                 was
                 that
                 famous
                 Temple
                 of
                 Hercules
                 :
                 but
                 this
                 people
                 had
                 another
                 Temple
                 dedicate
                 to
                 the
                 same
                 God
                 ,
                 yet
                 called
                 
                   Hercules
                   Saxanus
                
                 ,
                 as
                 appears
                 by
                 the
                 subsequent
                 inscription
                 found
                 in
                 a
                 Piazza
                 attaqued
                 to
                 a
                 particular
                 house
                 .
                 
                   
                     Herculi
                     Saxano
                     sacrum
                  
                   
                     Ser.
                     Sulpicius
                     .
                     Trophimus
                  
                   
                     AEdem
                     .
                     Zothecam
                     .
                     Culinam
                  
                   
                     Pecunia
                     sua
                     a
                     Solo
                     Restituit
                  
                   
                     Eidem
                     .
                     Dieavit
                     .
                     K.
                     Decemb.
                  
                   
                     L.
                     Tupilio
                     Dextro
                     .
                     M.
                     Maccio
                     Rufo
                     .
                     Cos.
                  
                   
                     Euthycus
                     .
                     Ser.
                     Peragendum
                     Curavit
                  
                
              
               
                 But
                 we
                 cannot
                 conclude
                 with
                 certainty
                 where
                 this
                 other
                 Temple
                 stood
                 :
                 yet
                 many
                 agree
                 that
                 t
                 was
                 called
                 
                   Hercules
                   Saxanus
                
                 ,
                 in
                 respect
                 t
                 was
                 built
                 with
                 stone
                 differing
                 from
                 the
                 other
                 greater
                 Temple
                 :
                 just
                 as
                 the
                 Milanesi
                 ,
                 called
                 one
                 
                   Hercules
                   in
                   Pietra
                
                 ,
                 from
                 the
                 scituation
                 of
                 that
                 Church
                 in
                 a
                 stony
                 place
                 near
                 them
                 .
                 Upon
                 the
                 stone
                 ariseth
                 a
                 certain
                 antient
                 round
                 Fabrick
                 without
                 covering
                 ,
                 built
                 wi●…h
                 marble
                 in
                 rare
                 architecture
                 of
                 much
                 esteem
                 ,
                 which
                 possibly
                 might
                 be
                 the
                 Temple
                 of
                 
                   Hercules
                   Saxanus
                
                 :
                 t
                 is
                 near
                 the
                 Cataracts
                 which
                 augments
                 this
                 suspicion
                 ;
                 for
                 that
                 the
                 Antients
                 usually
                 placed
                 their
                 Temples
                 consecrate
                 to
                 Hercules
                 near
                 waters
                 ,
                 long
                 ports
                 ,
                 and
                 violent
                 falls
                 of
                 waters
                 ,
                 to
                 the
                 end
                 that
                 Hercules
                 by
                 them
                 esteemed
                 the
                 Protector
                 of
                 the
                 firm
                 Land
                 ,
                 might
                 cause
                 the
                 water
                 to
                 continue
                 in
                 its
                 limits
                 ,
                 and
                 not
                 infest
                 the
                 country
                 with
                 inundations
                 :
                 the
                 which
                 Statius
                 clearly
                 shewsin
                 the
                 11th
                 .
                 Book
                 of
                 woods
                 ,
                 speaking
                 of
                 the
                 
                   Villa
                   〈◊〉
                
                 of
                 his
                 Pollius
                 ,
                 which
                 stood
                 on
                 the
                 sea
                 shore
                 near
                 a
                 port
                 with
                 a
                 Temple
                 of
                 Hercules
                 ,
                 and
                 another
                 of
                 Neptune
                 neare
                 it
                 :
                 whose
                 verses
                 now
                 take
                 .
                 
                   
                     Ante
                     domum
                     tumidae
                     moderator
                     caerulus
                     undae
                  
                   
                     Excubat
                     innocui
                     custos
                     laris
                     ,
                     Hujus
                     amico
                  
                   
                     Spumant
                     Templa
                     salo
                     ,
                     foelicia
                     jura
                     tuetur
                  
                   
                     Alcides
                     ,
                     gaudet
                     gemino
                     sub
                     nomine
                     portus
                     ,
                  
                   
                     Hic
                     servat
                     terras
                     ,
                     hic
                     saevis
                     fluctibus
                     obstat
                     .
                  
                
              
               
                 He
                 feigns
                 also
                 in
                 his
                 third
                 book
                 ,
                 that
                 Hercules
                 ,
                 having
                 layed
                 aside
                 his
                 arms
                 ,
                 laboured
                 much
                 in
                 preparing
                 the
                 foundations
                 of
                 his
                 Temple
                 in
                 that
                 place
                 ,
                 and
                 with
                 great
                 strength
                 prepa●…ed
                 the
                 instruments
                 for
                 digging
                 the
                 earth
                 ;
                 for
                 thus
                 the
                 Pagans
                 or
                 Gentiles
                 beleived
                 ,
                 viz
                 ,
                 that
                 Hercules
                 ,
                 during
                 his
                 life
                 went
                 through
                 the
                 world
                 ,
                 operating
                 for
                 the
                 publick
                 good
                 of
                 Mankind
                 ,
                 what
                 ever
                 was
                 difficult
                 or
                 laborious
                 to
                 be
                 effected
                 ;
                 as
                 not
                 only
                 in
                 the
                 taming
                 and
                 killing
                 of
                 Monsters
                 ,
                 ●…emoving
                 
                 Tyrants
                 ,
                 reducing
                 unjust
                 Lords
                 to
                 the
                 terms
                 and
                 conditions
                 of
                 Justice
                 ,
                 and
                 chastising
                 the
                 bad
                 and
                 evil
                 ones
                 :
                 But
                 also
                 in
                 building
                 of
                 Castles
                 and
                 Cities
                 in
                 desert
                 places
                 ,
                 ports
                 and
                 securities
                 for
                 shipping
                 on
                 dangerous
                 shores
                 ,
                 reducing
                 bad
                 and
                 irksome
                 waies
                 into
                 good
                 ,
                 changing
                 the
                 chanels
                 of
                 damnifying
                 Rivers
                 ,
                 breaking
                 the
                 course
                 of
                 the
                 waters
                 where
                 requisite
                 ,
                 for
                 preservatiō
                 of
                 the
                 firm
                 Land
                 :
                 setling
                 peace
                 between
                 disagreeing
                 nations
                 with
                 just
                 Laws
                 ,
                 opening
                 the
                 method
                 &
                 way
                 of
                 dealing
                 and
                 negotiating
                 between
                 people
                 far
                 eloigned
                 from
                 one
                 another
                 :
                 and
                 insum
                 reducing
                 into
                 a
                 state
                 of
                 civility
                 such
                 as
                 were
                 wilde
                 and
                 fierce
                 :
                 wherefore
                 they
                 built
                 him
                 Temples
                 ,
                 created
                 him
                 a
                 God
                 ,
                 and
                 devoutly
                 honoured
                 him
                 ,
                 giving
                 him
                 several
                 surnames
                 according
                 to
                 the
                 diversity
                 of
                 the
                 places
                 where
                 they
                 adored
                 him
                 ,
                 or
                 the
                 quality
                 of
                 the
                 benefits
                 which
                 the
                 people
                 held
                 they
                 received
                 from
                 him
                 ,
                 or
                 according
                 to
                 some
                 great
                 work
                 which
                 they
                 supposed
                 he
                 had
                 done
                 .
                 Whence
                 the
                 western
                 parts
                 of
                 the
                 world
                 had
                 
                   Hercules
                   Gaditani
                
                 ,
                 when
                 on
                 the
                 north
                 side
                 of
                 the
                 straight
                 called
                 of
                 old
                 
                   Fretum
                   Herculeum
                
                 ,
                 was
                 Mount
                 Calpe
                 ,
                 on
                 the
                 South
                 Mount
                 Abila
                 ,
                 on
                 which
                 Hercules
                 placed
                 his
                 so
                 memorable
                 pillars
                 ,
                 with
                 the
                 inscription
                 
                   Nil
                   ultra
                
                 :
                 because
                 that
                 was
                 then
                 conceived
                 to
                 be
                 the
                 most
                 western
                 bound
                 of
                 the
                 world
                 .
                 But
                 Charles
                 the
                 5th
                 :
                 after
                 the
                 discovery
                 of
                 America
                 coming
                 that
                 way
                 ,
                 caused
                 
                   Plus
                   ultra
                
                 to
                 be
                 engraven
                 either
                 on
                 the
                 same
                 Pillars
                 or
                 on
                 new
                 ,
                 erected
                 in
                 their
                 places
                 .
                 The
                 Batani
                 ,
                 called
                 him
                 Monaco
                 .
                 The
                 
                   Genovesi
                   ,
                   Banlio
                
                 .
                 Those
                 of
                 the
                 
                   Terra
                   di
                   Lavoro
                   ,
                   Surrentino
                
                 .
                 and
                 they
                 of
                 Tivoli
                 ,
                 called
                 him
                 Tivolesse
                 and
                 Saxanus
                 .
                 The
                 Tivolesi
                 ,
                 were
                 such
                 Friends
                 to
                 Hercules
                 ,
                 that
                 they
                 called
                 their
                 City
                 Herculea
                 ,
                 as
                 if
                 the
                 whole
                 were
                 especially
                 consecrated
                 to
                 him
                 ,
                 and
                 in
                 the
                 palace
                 of
                 Tivoli
                 they
                 honored
                 Hercules
                 just
                 as
                 Jupiter
                 was
                 honored
                 in
                 the
                 
                   Campi
                   doglio
                
                 at
                 Rome
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 heads
                 or
                 chief
                 of
                 the
                 publick
                 Council
                 and
                 of
                 the
                 Priests
                 ,
                 were
                 called
                 in
                 
                   Tivoli
                   ,
                   Hercoleani
                
                 ,
                 being
                 of
                 great
                 dignity
                 :
                 a
                 thing
                 clearly
                 demonstrable
                 by
                 certain
                 inscrip
                 tions
                 and
                 Epitaphs
                 extant
                 in
                 antient
                 marbles
                 ,
                 whereof
                 ensue
                 some
                 for
                 the
                 service
                 and
                 advantage
                 of
                 the
                 studious
                 in
                 antiquity
                 .
              
            
          
           
             
               In
               the
               Church
               of
               
                 S.
                 VICENZO
              
               in
               TIVOLI
               .
            
             
               
                 Herculi
              
               
                 Tiburt
                 .
                 Vict.
                 
              
               
                 Et.
                 Cereris
                 .
                 dis
                 .
              
               
                 Praet
                 .
                 Tiburt
                 .
              
               
                 L.
                 Minicius
              
               
                 Natalis
              
               
                 Cos
                 Augur
                 .
              
               
                 Leg.
                 aug
                 .
                 Pr.
                 Pr.
                 
              
               
                 Provinciae
                 .
              
               
                 Moesiae
                 Infer
                 .
              
               
                 Votis
                 Susc
                 .
              
            
          
           
             
             
               In
               the
               ascent
               of
               the
               mountain
               in
               a
               Fragment
               on
               the
               way
               .
            
             
               
                 G.
                 Sestilius
              
               
                 V.
                 V.
                 Tiburtium
              
               
                 Lib.
                 Ephebus
              
               
                 Herculanius
              
               
                 Augustalis
              
            
          
           
             
               In
               the
               great
               Church
               .
            
             
               
                 C.
                 Albius
                 .
                 Livillae
                 .
                 L.
                 
              
               
                 Thymelus
                 ,
                 Herc.
                 
              
               
                 Augustalis
                 .
              
            
             
               The
               tenth
               Sybil
               named
               by
               the
               Latines
               Tibuclina
               and
               Albunea
               by
               the
               Graecians
               Leucothea
               ,
               was
               held
               in
               great
               honour
               in
               Tivoli
               in
               old
               time
               :
               for
               they
               adored
               her
               as
               a
               Goddess
               consecrating
               to
               her
               a
               wood
               a
               Temple
               and
               a
               Fountain
               called
               after
               her
               own
               name
               Albunea
               ,
               from
               the
               whitenesse
               of
               its
               waters
               ,
               above
               Tivoli
               ,
               in
               that
               mountain
               where
               Fame
               saies
               she
               was
               born
               and
               gave
               answers
               to
               demandants
               :
               of
               whom
               Virgil
               speaks
               and
               Servius
               his
               Commentator
               ,
               as
               also
               Horace
               ,
               with
               his
               Interpreters
               .
               T
               is
               reported
               that
               the
               Romans
               going
               about
               to
               deifie
               
                 Augustus
                 Caesar
              
               ,
               demanded
               advise
               of
               this
               Sybil
               ,
               who
               after
               three
               daies
               fast
               ,
               standing
               before
               the
               Altar
               ,
               where
               the
               Emperor
               himself
               was
               then
               present
               ,
               after
               many
               hidden
               words
               miraculo●…sly
               spoken
               concerning
               Christ
               ,
               upon
               the
               suddain
               Heaven
               opened
               ,
               and
               Caesar
               saw
               a
               beautifull
               Virgin
               standing
               before
               the
               Altar
               ,
               who
               held
               as
               lovely
               an
               infant
               in
               her
               arms
               ,
               at
               which
               apparition
               Caesar
               affrighted
               fell
               on
               his
               face
               :
               and
               a
               voice
               as
               from
               Heaven
               was
               heard
               saying
               this
               is
               the
               Altar
               of
               the
               Son
               of
               God.
               In
               which
               place
               was
               after
               built
               a
               Temple
               dedicated
               to
               the
               Virgin
               Mary
               called
               
                 Ara
                 Caeli
              
               the
               Altar
               of
               heaven
               .
               This
               Policronion
               affirms
               ,
               and
               for
               the
               truth
               thereof
               cites
               
                 S.
                 Augustine
                 .
                 lib
              
               18.
               cap.
               24.
               
               She
               Prophesied
               of
               the
               coming
               of
               Christ
               ,
               after
               the
               recital
               of
               the
               sea
               .
               ven
               wonders
               of
               the
               world
               to
               this
               purpose
               .
               
                 
                   What
                   at
                   these
                   trifles
                   stands
                   the
                   world
                   amazed
                   ?
                
                 
                   And
                   hath
                   on
                   them
                   with
                   admiration
                   gazed
                   ?
                
                 
                   Then
                   wonder
                   !
                   When
                   the
                   troubled
                   world
                   t'
                   appease
                
                 
                   He
                   shall
                   descend
                   ,
                   who
                   made
                   them
                   that
                   made
                   these
                   .
                
              
            
             
               These
               things
               being
               seen
               ,
               march
               towards
               Rome
               ,
               and
               leaving
               the
               Road
               a
               little
               on
               the
               left
               hand
               ,
               bestow
               a
               view
               on
               the
               
                 Elia
                 Tiburtina
              
               ,
               
               which
               was
               the
               Villa
               of
               Hadrianus
               the
               Emperor
               ,
               seated
               on
               a
               little
               hill
               ,
               which
               now
               at
               present
               shews
               the
               countenance
               of
               a
               great
               ruinated
               City
               :
               the
               footsteps
               of
               so
               vast
               edifices
               stupifie
               the
               beholders
               ,
               hardly
               dispensing
               with
               any
               beliefe
               that
               it
               could
               ever
               have
               been
               but
               one
               single
               Villa
               or
               princely
               seat
               .
               There
               may
               yet
               be
               found
               the
               ruines
               of
               many
               Palaces
               ,
               Houses
               ,
               Temples
               ,
               Porticues
               ,
               Acqueduct●…
               ,
               Bathing
               houses
               ,
               hot
               baths
               ,
               Theaters
               ,
               Amphitheaters
               ,
               and
               in
               sum
               ,
               of
               all
               other
               kind
               of
               Fabricks
               whatsoever
               imaginable
               for
               supream
               delights
               and
               pleasures
               .
               Among
               the
               rest
               you
               'l
               finde
               a
               very
               high
               wall
               drawn
               long-waies
               against
               the
               South
               two
               stades
               in
               length
               ,
               which
               Wall
               hath
               alwaies
               on
               the
               one
               side
               the
               shade
               ,
               and
               on
               the
               other
               the
               Sun
               ;
               so
               that
               t
               is
               most
               comodious
               for
               walking
               by
               ,
               or
               for
               any
               other
               exercise
               either
               in
               the
               shade
               or
               in
               the
               Sun
               ,
               according
               to
               the
               necessity
               or
               humour
               of
               the
               person
               at
               all
               times
               .
               The
               vast
               ruines
               of
               this
               Villa
               ,
               speak
               not
               alone
               the
               immense
               charge
               Hadrianus
               was
               at
               in
               building
               the
               same
               ,
               but
               Spartianus
               also
               declares
               it
               in
               the
               life
               of
               Adrian
               ,
               saying
               ,
               that
               he
               in
               that
               his
               Villa
               caused
               draughts
               or
               as
               we
               may
               better
               say
               the
               similitudes
               of
               the
               most
               celebrious
               places
               of
               the
               world
               to
               be
               made
               ,
               causing
               them
               afterwards
               to
               be
               called
               after
               the
               proper
               names
               of
               the
               imitated
               places
               :
               as
               among
               others
               ,
               the
               
                 Licenm
                 ,
                 Aristotles
              
               School
               in
               Athens
               ,
               the
               
                 Academy
                 of
                 Cicero
              
               ,
               the
               Prytaneum
               or
               counsel
               house
               of
               Athens
               ,
               the
               Temple
               of
               Thessalia
               ,
               a
               place
               wonderfully
               pleasant
               having
               trees
               and
               meadowes
               marvellously
               delectable
               ,
               wherein
               birds
               of
               divers
               kinds
               sing
               continually
               with
               excellent
               melody
               :
               the
               Canopus
               of
               Egypt
               ,
               a
               place
               wherein
               the
               God
               of
               that
               name
               was
               worshipped
               ;
               and
               the
               like
               Fabricks
               made
               and
               nominated
               in
               imitation
               of
               the
               true
               .
               He
               further
               saies
               ,
               that
               he
               there
               caused
               to
               be
               erected
               the
               place
               or
               representation
               of
               hell
               :
               all
               which
               things
               were
               undoubtedly
               accomodated
               and
               adorned
               with
               all
               conveniences
               and
               endowments
               ,
               so
               that
               one
               might
               well
               comprehend
               at
               the
               first
               view
               ,
               that
               ,
               which
               in
               it self
               comprehended
               every
               one
               ,
               that
               is
               Pictures
               ,
               Statues
               ,
               Figures
               ,
               Inscriptions
               ,
               pourtrayes
               of
               men
               ,
               wherewith
               every
               of
               those
               places
               were
               illustrated
               ,
               either
               with
               some
               notable
               writing
               ,
               or
               heroick
               action
               .
               Which
               ornaments
               are
               all
               ruinated
               and
               dispersed
               ,
               part
               by
               the
               rage
               of
               warr
               ,
               and
               part
               by
               the
               incivility
               of
               the
               barbarous
               people
               ,
               invading
               Italy
               ,
               who
               there
               shewed
               not
               the
               least
               respect
               .
               Not
               long
               since
               in
               the
               fields
               of
               Tivoli
               ,
               were
               found
               many
               figures
               ,
               and
               statues
               ,
               taken
               without
               doubt
               from
               this
               Villa
               ,
               and
               applied
               to
               divers
               fabricks
               in
               the
               adjacent
               Countrey
               :
               many
               also
               have
               been
               found
               among
               the
               ruines
               of
               the
               said
               Villa
               under
               ground
               ,
               and
               among
               others
               some
               carcases
               of
               men
               with
               their
               names
               in
               greek
               letters
               ,
               as
               of
               
                 Themistocles
                 ,
                 Miltiades
                 ,
                 Isocrates
                 ,
                 Heraclitus
                 ,
                 Carnea●…les
                 ,
                 Aristogiton
                 ,
              
               an
               orator
               of
               Athens
               ,
               who
               for
               his
               lewd
               behaviour
               was
               c●…lled
               Dog
               ,
               with
               others
               ,
               whose
               tronks
               or
               bodies
               possibly
               and
               credibly
               
                 Pope
                 Julius
              
               the
               third
               caused
               to
               be
               got
               together
               and
               conveighed
               to
               Rom●…
               ,
               for
               beautifying
               his
               gardens
               :
               being
               advised
               of
               this
               their
               accidental
               coming
               to
               hand
               by
               
                 Marcellus
                 Cervinus
              
               ,
               Cardinal
               of
               
                 Santa
                 Croce
              
               ,
               a
               Lover
               of
               the
               studious
               :
               the
               which
               his
               Sainctety
               afterwards
               put
               in
               good
               order
               with
               great
               expence
               in
               the
               
                 Via
                 Flaminia
              
               ,
               on
               the
               this
               side
               the
               
                 Ponte
                 Milvio
              
               .
            
             
               Being
               freed
               from
               the
               ruines
               of
               the
               
                 Villa
                 Elia
              
               ,
               you
               travel
               to
               Rome
               by
               the
               
                 Via
                 Tiburtina
              
               ,
               along
               which
               appear
               some
               antiquities
               worthy
               observation
               ;
               
               and
               among
               others
               on
               the
               Banks
               of
               the
               River
               Aniene
               ,
               is
               a
               great
               〈◊〉
               ,
               a
               grand
               Fabrick
               erected
               for
               the
               Scpulehre
               of
               the
               Family
               of
               the
               
                 Pla●…i
                 Silv●…ni
              
               both
               noble
               and
               antient
               ,
               and
               framed
               of
               large
               square
               marble
               stones
               ,
               near
               the
               bridge
               which
               conjoines
               on
               the
               one
               and
               other
               side
               of
               the
               River
               the
               antient
               Road
               ;
               and
               is
               vulgarly
               called
               the
               
                 Ponte
                 Lucano
              
               ,
               the
               reason
               of
               which
               name
               is
               not
               facilly
               known
               ,
               but
               in
               some
               speeches
               t
               is
               called
               
                 Ponte
                 Pla●…to
                 ▪
              
               and
               some
               suppose
               that
               way
               was
               set
               out
               and
               the
               bridge
               likewise
               built
               by
               those
               noble
               and
               triumphant
               Plau●…it
               ,
               whose
               names
               we
               find
               engraven
               on
               the
               said
               Tomb
               :
               chiefly
               for
               that
               Suetonius
               testifies
               it
               was
               the
               custom
               by
               order
               of
               Augustus
               for
               the
               victorious
               Captains
               ,
               to
               accomodate
               the
               Roads
               with
               the
               spoiles
               taken
               from
               the
               enemies
               ,
               to
               which
               .
               he
               ●…onnexeth
               this
               other
               conjecture
               ,
               that
               is
               ,
               that
               in
               the
               third
               elogie
               of
               
                 P.
                 Plinius
              
               (
               of
               whose
               memorial
               or
               Epitaph
               ,
               though
               a
               part
               be
               fallen
               in
               his
               Mauseolus
               or
               Tomb
               ,
               yet
               enough
               remains
               to
               satisfie
               the
               studio●…s
               in
               antiquity
               )
               we
               read
               among
               other
               Titles
               of
               honour
               ,
               that
               this
               was
               not
               omitted
               ,
               viz.
               That
               by
               the
               comand
               of
               
                 T.
                 Cl●…udius
                 Caesa●…
              
               ,
               he
               was
               elected
               by
               the
               neighbourhood
               Pr●…rator
               for
               accomodating
               the
               Road
               ,
               or
               high
               wal●…s
               .
            
          
           
             
             
               A
               DESCRIPTION
               OF
               THE
               ISLAND
               OF
               SICILIA
               OR
               SICILY
               .
            
             
               Sicilia
               is
               an
               Island
               of
               the
               Mediterranean
               Sea
               ,
               seated
               betwixt
               Italy
               and
               Affrick
               ,
               but
               between
               the
               South
               and
               West
               t
               is
               separated
               from
               Italy
               by
               a
               neck
               of
               the
               sea
               .
               It
               s
               form
               resembles
               a
               ▵
               in
               greek
               ,
               for
               that
               it
               hath
               three
               corners
               ,
               every
               one
               whereof
               makes
               a
               Promontory
               ,
               which
               are
               
                 Peloro
                 ,
                 Pachino
                 ,
                 Lilibeo
              
               ,
               now
               called
               
                 Capo
                 del
                 Faro
                 ,
                 Capo
                 Passero
                 ,
                 Capo
                 Boco
                 .
                 Peloro
              
               looks
               towards
               
                 Italy
                 ,
                 Pachino
              
               towards
               Morea
               ,
               and
               
                 Li
                 libeo
              
               toward
               the
               Promontory
               Mercurio
               of
               Africk
               ,
               and
               to
               speak
               according
               to
               the
               aspect
               of
               the
               climes
               ,
               Peloro
               lies
               Eastward
               ,
               Pachino
               between
               South
               and
               East
               ,
               Lilibeo
               between
               South
               and
               West
               .
               On
               the
               North
               this
               Island
               is
               washed
               by
               the
               Tirrhene
               Sea
               ,
               on
               the
               East
               by
               the
               Adriatique
               and
               Jonian
               Sea
               ,
               on
               the
               South
               by
               the
               African
               Sea
               ,
               and
               on
               the
               West
               by
               that
               of
               Sardigna
               .
               It
               was
               called
               Trinacria
               ,
               either
               from
               its
               three
               Promontories
               or
               from
               the
               King
               Trinaco
               ,
               son
               of
               Neptune
               ,
               and
               Triquetra
               ,
               or
               from
               the
               three
               points
               of
               the
               Triangle
               ;
               and
               Sirania
               from
               the
               Sirani
               ,
               and
               after
               that
               Sicilia
               from
               the
               Siculi
               ,
               (
               descended
               from
               the
               Liguri
               )
               who
               beat
               out
               the
               Sicani
               .
               It
               is
               in
               circuit
               ,
               as
               by
               the
               moderns
               is
               judged
               (
               setting
               aside
               the
               diversities
               of
               the
               antients
               )
               six
               hundred
               twenty
               three
               miles
               :
               from
               Peloro
               to
               Pachino
               one
               hundred
               and
               sixty
               miles
               ,
               from
               thence
               to
               Lilibeo
               183
               miles
               ,
               from
               Lilibeo
               to
               Peloro
               211.
               
               It
               s
               length
               from
               East
               to
               west
               is
               150
               miles
               ,
               but
               its
               bredth
               is
               not
               equal
               ,
               though
               on
               the
               Eastern
               part
               t
               is
               160
               miles
               broad
               ,
               diminishing
               afterwards
               in
               bredth
               by
               degrees
               ,
               being
               most
               straite
               at
               Lilibeo
               .
               The
               head
               of
               all
               the
               Island
               is
               the
               Territory
               Ennese
               .
               It
               hath
               on
               the
               north
               side
               ten
               Islands
               which
               lie
               round
               it
               (
               the
               Antients
               numbred
               but
               7
               )
               whose
               names
               are
               
                 Liparce
                 ,
                 Vulcania
              
               ,
               or
               
                 Giera
                 ,
                 Vulcanello
                 ,
                 Lisca-bianca
                 ,
                 Basiluzo
                 ,
                 Thermisia
                 ,
                 Trongile
                 ,
                 Didima
                 ,
                 Fenicusa
                 ,
              
               and
               
                 Ericusa
                 .
                 Sicilia
              
               is
               divided
               into
               three
               provinces
               ,
               which
               they
               call
               Valli
               or
               Vales
               ,
               that
               is
               into
               the
               
                 Val
                 di
                 Demino
              
               
               or
               Demona
               ;
               the
               
                 Val
                 de
                 Noto
              
               ,
               and
               the
               
                 Val
                 di
                 Mazara
              
               ,
               the
               
                 Val
                 di
                 Demino
              
               commenceth
               from
               the
               Promontory
               Peloro
               ,
               and
               is
               the
               shore
               on
               one
               side
               to
               the
               River
               Terria
               ,
               and
               on
               the
               other
               to
               the
               River
               Himera
               which
               dischargeth
               it self
               into
               the
               Tirrhene
               Sea.
               The
               
                 Val
                 di
                 No●…o
              
               ,
               begins
               at
               the
               River
               Teria
               ,
               and
               with
               it
               extending
               it self
               inwards
               ,
               and
               traversing
               Enna
               ,
               it
               descends
               with
               the
               river
               Gela
               ,
               and
               ends
               at
               the
               City
               of
               Alicata
               .
               But
               the
               
                 Val
                 di
                 Mazara
              
               ,
               comprehends
               all
               the
               remaining
               part
               of
               Sicily
               to
               Lilibeo
               .
               This
               Island
               was
               some
               time
               conjoined
               to
               Italy
               ,
               whereof
               the
               modern
               authors
               as
               well
               as
               antient
               render
               a
               large
               testimony
               ,
               though
               there
               are
               some
               who
               take
               it
               for
               a
               ridiculous
               opinion
               .
               It
               is
               esteemed
               for
               the
               salubrity
               of
               the
               Ayre
               ,
               the
               abundance
               of
               terrene
               sustenance
               and
               plenty
               of
               all
               things
               necessarie
               for
               mans
               use
               very
               excellent
               ,
               as
               placed
               under
               the
               fourth
               Climate
               much
               more
               benigne
               then
               all
               the
               others
               ,
               whence
               t
               is
               that
               what
               ever
               this
               soyle
               of
               Sicily
               affords
               ,
               either
               by
               its
               own
               nature
               or
               the
               Ingenuity
               of
               man
               is
               accounted
               next
               to
               those
               which
               are
               cryed
               up
               for
               the
               best
               .
               It
               produceth
               corn
               in
               such
               abundance
               that
               in
               many
               places
               it
               yields
               100
               for
               one
               .
               Wilde
               Oats
               grow
               there
               of
               themselves
               ,
               as
               also
               the
               Vines
               ,
               which
               gave
               occasion
               for
               the
               Fable
               of
               Ceres
               &
               Proserpina
               .
               Their
               wines
               are
               most
               delicate
               ,
               as
               is
               the
               oyle
               of
               Olives
               whereof
               they
               make
               great
               quantities
               .
               Their
               Canes
               too
               are
               admirable
               ,
               called
               Ebosia
               heretofore
               ,
               now
               Cannamele
               ,
               whereof
               they
               make
               Sugars
               .
               Their
               Bee
               hony
               is
               there
               so
               good
               that
               by
               the
               antients
               as
               a
               proverb
               t
               was
               used
               the
               Hyblean
               hony
               of
               Sicily
               ,
               which
               affords
               great
               store
               of
               wax
               :
               the
               Bees
               using
               the
               very
               tronks
               of
               trees
               for
               their
               hives
               ,
               there
               gathering
               excellent
               honey
               .
               Their
               fruits
               of
               all
               sorts
               ,
               grow
               with
               much
               plenty
               and
               goodnesse
               ;
               they
               gather
               all
               sorts
               of
               Plants
               and
               medicinal
               herbs
               ,
               and
               their
               saffron
               is
               better
               then
               that
               of
               Italy
               ,
               as
               are
               their
               roots
               of
               wilde
               palm
               trees
               ,
               which
               are
               gustfull
               to
               eat
               .
               The
               mountains
               AEri
               are
               so
               plentifully
               furnished
               with
               sweet
               waters
               ,
               fountains
               ,
               fruitfull
               and
               pleasant
               trees
               ,
               that
               they
               have
               many
               times
               preserved
               a
               great
               Army
               of
               the
               Carthaginians
               ,
               when
               near
               famishing
               .
               Other
               mountains
               produce
               salt
               ,
               as
               
                 Enna
                 ,
                 Nicosia
                 ,
                 Camerata
              
               and
               Platanim
               ,
               where
               they
               take
               out
               salt
               stones
               .
               There
               also
               are
               the
               Caves
               or
               Pits
               for
               salt
               made
               of
               the
               Foam
               of
               the
               Sea
               resting
               upon
               the
               co●…sts
               ,
               but
               neare
               
                 I
                 ilibeo
                 ,
                 D●…epano
                 ,
                 Camarino
                 ,
                 Macanio
                 ,
              
               and
               other
               places
               ,
               they
               take
               up
               the
               sea
               water
               ,
               put
               it
               into
               pits
               ,
               and
               thereof
               make
               salt
               .
               They
               also
               draw
               salt
               out
               of
               other
               parts
               of
               Sicily
               from
               the
               Lakes
               ,
               as
               near
               Pochino
               ,
               (
               a
               wonderfull
               thing
               )
               what
               by
               the
               rain
               ,
               and
               fresh
               waters
               falling
               from
               other
               fountains
               ,
               the
               Lake
               may
               be
               increased
               ,
               in
               a
               little
               time
               ,
               is
               dryed
               away
               by
               the
               Sun.
               They
               also
               make
               here
               great
               plenty
               of
               that
               silk
               which
               they
               draw
               from
               their
               silk
               worms
               .
               Nor
               is
               Sicilia
               lesse
               enriched
               by
               her
               Metals
               and
               Mines
               ,
               having
               Minerals
               of
               Gold
               ,
               Silver
               ,
               Iron
               ,
               Allum
               :
               and
               on
               the
               banks
               of
               the
               River
               Acate
               grow
               pretious
               stones
               ,
               as
               the
               Emerald
               and
               Agat
               stone
               ,
               and
               the
               clear
               Bartina
               ,
               which
               is
               whi●…e
               in
               circuit
               ,
               and
               black
               spots
               in
               the
               midst
               ,
               and
               in
               forms
               of
               several
               Creatures
               ,
               as
               birds
               ,
               beasts
               ,
               men
               or
               any
               other
               ,
               which
               they
               say
               is
               an
               Antidote
               against
               the
               biting
               of
               the
               spider
               or
               Scorpion
               .
               So●…nus
               saies
               too
               ,
               that
               t
               will
               make
               the
               Rivers
               stop
               ,
               and
               that
               Pirrhus
               had
               one
               stone
               of
               this
               sort
               in
               a
               ring
               ,
               wherein
               was
               engraven
               Apollo
               with
               his
               Scepter
               ,
               and
               the
               Chorus
               of
               the
               nine
               Muses
               with
               their
               Ensigne
               ,
               at
               Graterio
               ,
               they
               dig
               the
               Beril
               or
               Sea
               water
               stone
               in
               great
               plenty
               ,
               and
               Porphiry
               
               stone
               ,
               red
               and
               traversed
               with
               white
               and
               green
               stroaks
               .
               Here
               also
               they
               take
               up
               the
               jasper
               stone
               being
               red
               ,
               and
               varied
               with
               several
               clear
               green
               and
               white
               spots
               ,
               which
               ennobles
               the
               stone
               .
               And
               in
               the
               sea
               of
               Messina
               ,
               and
               of
               Drepano
               ,
               there
               growes
               Corrals
               a
               sort
               of
               sea
               Plant
               much
               commended
               and
               sought
               after
               .
               Sicilia
               is
               likewise
               Famed
               for
               the
               Chase
               of
               the
               Goat
               and
               wilde
               Bore
               :
               for
               the
               fowling
               at
               Partridge
               and
               God
               wit.
               And
               all
               other
               sorts
               of
               Birds
               ,
               and
               four-footed
               beasts
               both
               for
               delight
               and
               profit
               are
               there
               in
               great
               plenty
               ,
               beside
               the
               Falcon
               and
               other
               Hawks
               ,
               which
               there
               are
               taken
               .
               The
               Fishing
               also
               is
               greatly
               abounding
               ,
               particularly
               for
               the
               Fish
               called
               Tun●…y
               Fish
               ,
               whereof
               they
               take
               not
               only
               at
               Pachino
               (
               as
               the
               Antients
               wrote
               )
               but
               also
               at
               
                 Palermo
                 and
                 Drepano
              
               ,
               and
               in
               all
               the
               River
               which
               is
               washed
               with
               the
               Tyrrhene
               Sea
               ,
               (
               this
               fish
               bears
               a
               great
               price
               in
               May
               or
               June
               )
               as
               also
               of
               the
               sword
               fish
               particularly
               at
               Messina
               ,
               which
               (
               t
               is
               written
               )
               they
               cannot
               take
               unlesse
               they
               speak
               Greek
               ,
               and
               to
               say
               no
               more
               both
               the
               Seas
               and
               the
               Rivers
               abound
               with
               all
               sorts
               of
               excellent
               fish
               .
               They
               have
               also
               in
               divers
               places
               many
               baths
               of
               hot
               ,
               cool
               ,
               sulphurous
               and
               other
               sorts
               of
               water
               ,
               usefull
               and
               advantagious
               in
               several
               Infirmities
               ,
               but
               those
               are
               in
               the
               River
               Sen●…ntina
               ,
               near
               the
               Cities
               Sacra
               and
               Himera
               ,
               are
               salt
               and
               un
               wholsome
               to
               drink
               .
               We
               will
               not
               speak
               of
               the
               Fountains
               of
               sweet
               water
               that
               are
               found
               over
               all
               Sicilia
               ,
               and
               many
               Rivolets
               accommodated
               as
               well
               for
               the
               life
               of
               Man
               ,
               as
               the
               enriching
               their
               Lands
               by
               the
               overflowing
               .
               And
               to
               speak
               in
               brief
               ,
               this
               Island
               is
               not
               at
               all
               inferiour
               to
               any
               other
               Province
               ,
               either
               for
               its
               fatnesse
               or
               abundance
               ;
               but
               somewhat
               exceeds
               Italy
               in
               the
               excellency
               of
               their
               grain
               ,
               saffron
               ,
               honey
               ,
               Beasts
               skins
               ,
               and
               other
               sustenance
               for
               the
               life
               of
               Man
               ;
               in
               so
               much
               that
               Cicero
               not
               improperly
               called
               it
               the
               Granary
               of
               the
               Romans
               ,
               and
               Homer
               said
               that
               all
               things
               grew
               there
               of
               their
               own
               accord
               ,
               and
               therefore
               calls
               it
               the
               Isle
               of
               the
               Sun.
               Sicilia
               is
               likewise
               admirable
               for
               the
               fame
               of
               those
               things
               which
               told
               ,
               exceed
               our
               beleef
               as
               the
               Mount
               Etna
               ,
               &
               Mongibello
               ,
               who
               sending
               forth
               continual
               fires
               from
               its
               bowels
               hath
               not
               withstanding
               its
               head
               (
               on
               that
               part
               where
               the
               fire
               issues
               )
               deeply
               covered
               in
               snow
               to
               the
               midst
               of
               Summer
               .
               Not
               far
               from
               Agrigento
               ,
               or
               Gergento
               is
               the
               Territory
               Matharuca
               ,
               which
               with
               assidu
               al
               vomiting
               of
               divers
               veins
               of
               waters
               ,
               sends
               forth
               a
               certain
               Ash
               coloured
               Earth
               ,
               and
               at
               certain
               times
               casting
               out
               an
               incredible
               Mass
               of
               that
               Earth
               ,
               the
               one
               and
               the
               other
               Fields
               may
               be
               heard
               to
               roar
               .
            
             
               In
               Menenino
               is
               the
               Lake
               Nastia
               (
               called
               by
               
                 Pliny
                 ●…fintia
              
               )
               where
               in
               three
               eddies
               you
               behold
               boyling
               water
               ,
               which
               alwaies
               gurgles
               with
               an
               egregious
               stink
               ,
               and
               somtimes
               spues
               up
               flames
               of
               fire
               :
               hither
               antiently
               resorted
               all
               such
               ,
               as
               through
               their
               superstition
               were
               to
               be
               sworn
               to
               any
               thing
               .
               It
               hath
               likewise
               in
               sundry
               other
               places
               divers
               other
               Fountains
               of
               admirable
               Qualities
               and
               nature
               ,
               for
               an
               ample
               account
               whereof
               the
               reader
               is
               referred
               to
               
                 Thomaso
                 Fazellio
              
               ,
               to
               the
               end
               we
               may
               abridge
               our
               relation
               here
               .
               Sicily
               was
               inhabited
               by
               the
               Cyclopes
               ,
               which
               is
               verified
               (
               besides
               what
               Authors
               affirm
               )
               by
               the
               bodies
               of
               immense
               bignesse
               and
               heigth
               ,
               which
               in
               our
               daies
               are
               seen
               in
               the
               Grots
               ,
               or
               Caves
               .
               Those
               Cyclopes
               ,
               being
               monsters
               of
               Men
               or
               Gyants
               ,
               whom
               the
               Sicani
               succeeded
               ,
               and
               them
               the
               Siculi
               or
               Sicilians
               .
               Then
               the
               Trojans
               ,
               the
               Candiots
               ,
               the
               Phenici
               ,
               the
               Calcidonians
               ,
               
               the
               Corinthians
               and
               other
               Greeks
               ,
               the
               Zanclei
               ,
               the
               Guidii
               ,
               the
               Sarasini
               ,
               the
               Normans
               ,
               the
               Lombards
               ,
               the
               Swedes
               ,
               the
               Germans
               ,
               the
               French
               the
               Arragonians
               ,
               the
               Spaniards
               ,
               the
               Catalonians
               ,
               the
               Genouans
               ,
               and
               at
               length
               many
               
                 Pisans
                 ,
                 Lucchesians
                 ,
                 Bolognians
                 ,
                 and
                 Florentines
                 :
              
               all
               which
               people
               at
               several
               times
               inhabited
               divers
               parts
               of
               this
               Island
               :
               untill
               Charls
               the
               fifth
               Emperor
               took
               Corona
               ,
               and
               after
               a
               little
               time
               leaving
               it
               to
               the
               Turks
               ,
               all
               those
               Greeks
               that
               dwelt
               there
               transported
               themselves
               into
               Sicilia
               .
               The
               People
               are
               of
               an
               acute
               and
               quick
               wit
               ,
               noble
               in
               their
               inventions
               ,
               and
               industrious
               by
               nature
               ,
               and
               said
               to
               be
               of
               three
               tongues
               for
               their
               velocity
               in
               speech
               ,
               wherein
               their
               expressions
               proceed
               with
               much
               grace
               to
               facetiousnesse
               and
               quicknesse
               :
               they
               are
               held
               loquacious
               beyond
               measure
               :
               whence
               the
               Antients
               borrowed
               the
               proverb
               
                 Gerrae
                 Siculae
              
               ,
               the
               Sicilian
               bablings
               .
               Antient
               writers
               attribute
               the
               following
               things
               to
               the
               invention
               of
               the
               Sicilians
               ,
               the
               art
               of
               Oratory
               ,
               the
               Bucolick
               or
               pastoral
               verse
               ,
               dyall
               making
               ,
               the
               Catapul●…e
               a
               warlike
               engine
               ,
               the
               illustrating
               of
               Pictures
               ,
               the
               Art
               of
               Barbing
               ,
               the
               use
               of
               skins
               of
               wilde
               beasts
               and
               Ryme
               .
               They
               are
               by
               nature
               suspectfull
               ,
               envious
               ,
               evil
               spoken
               ,
               facil
               to
               speak
               Villany
               ,
               and
               prone
               to
               revenge
               ,
               but
               industrious
               subtle
               flatterers
               of
               Princes
               ,
               and
               studious
               of
               Tyranny
               (
               as
               saies
               Orosie
               ,
               )
               which
               at
               this
               day
               does
               not
               so
               generally
               appear
               .
            
             
               They
               are
               more
               covetous
               of
               their
               own
               commodities
               or
               conveniences
               then
               of
               the
               publiques
               ,
               and
               reflecting
               on
               the
               abundancy
               of
               the
               Countrey
               ,
               sloathfull
               and
               without
               industry
               .
               Antiently
               their
               tables
               were
               so
               splendidly
               furnished
               ,
               that
               it
               became
               a
               Proverb
               among
               the
               Greeks
               ,
               but
               now
               they
               follow
               the
               frugality
               of
               Italy
               .
               They
               are
               valiant
               in
               warrs
               ,
               and
               of
               uncorruptible
               faith
               to
               their
               King
               ;
               beyond
               the
               custōme
               of
               the
               Greeks
               ,
               they
               are
               patient
               ;
               but
               provoked
               they
               leap
               into
               extream
               fury
               .
               They
               speak
               the
               Italian
               Language
               ,
               but
               roughly
               ,
               and
               without
               the
               least
               sweetnesse
               ,
               and
               in
               their
               habits
               and
               other
               customes
               live
               after
               the
               manner
               of
               the
               Italians
               .
            
             
               
                 MESSINA
                 .
              
               
                 THat
                 City
                 of
                 Sicilia
                 that
                 is
                 most
                 illustrious
                 ,
                 is
                 Messina
                 ,
                 built
                 with
                 the
                 ruines
                 and
                 reliques
                 of
                 the
                 City
                 Zancla
                 :
                 at
                 a
                 thousand
                 paces
                 distance
                 from
                 hence
                 came
                 Dicearchus
                 the
                 hearer
                 of
                 Aristotle
                 ,
                 the
                 most
                 celebrious
                 Peripatetick
                 ,
                 Geometritian
                 ,
                 and
                 eloquent
                 Oratour
                 ,
                 who
                 wrote
                 many
                 books
                 ,
                 whereof
                 Fazellius
                 makes
                 mention
                 ,
                 and
                 Ibicus
                 the
                 Historian
                 and
                 the
                 Lyrick
                 Poet
                 ,
                 and
                 in
                 the
                 memory
                 of
                 our
                 Fathers
                 times
                 lived
                 there
                 Cola
                 the
                 Fish
                 ,
                 born
                 at
                 Catana
                 ,
                 who
                 leaving
                 human
                 society
                 ,
                 consumed
                 the
                 best
                 part
                 of
                 his
                 life
                 among
                 the
                 fish
                 in
                 the
                 sea
                 of
                 Messina
                 ,
                 whence
                 he
                 acquired
                 the
                 nick
                 name
                 of
                 fish
                 .
                 Hence
                 came
                 also
                 
                   Giovanni
                   Gatto
                
                 ,
                 of
                 the
                 preaching
                 order
                 ,
                 a
                 Philosopher
                 ,
                 Divine
                 ,
                 and
                 famous
                 Mathematician
                 ,
                 who
                 read
                 in
                 
                   Florence
                   ,
                   Bologna
                
                 ,
                 and
                 Ferrara
                 ,
                 and
                 was
                 afterwards
                 elected
                 Bishop
                 
                 of
                 Catano
                 ;
                 and
                 lastly
                 hence
                 came
                 
                   Gio
                   Andrea
                   Mercurio
                
                 ,
                 a
                 most
                 worthy
                 Cardinal
                 of
                 the
                 holy
                 Church
                 .
              
               
                 Here
                 stood
                 the
                 City
                 Taurominio
                 ,
                 which
                 gave
                 birth
                 (
                 according
                 to
                 Pausanias
                 )
                 to
                 Tisandro
                 Son
                 of
                 Cleocrito
                 ,
                 who
                 four
                 times
                 overcame
                 in
                 the
                 Olympick
                 Games
                 and
                 as
                 many
                 times
                 in
                 the
                 Pythick
                 ,
                 and
                 Timeus
                 the
                 historian
                 son
                 of
                 Andromacus
                 ,
                 who
                 wrote
                 of
                 the
                 transactions
                 in
                 Sicilia
                 and
                 Italy
                 and
                 of
                 the
                 Theban
                 warrs
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 CATANA
                 .
              
               
                 IT
                 hath
                 also
                 the
                 City
                 Catana
                 ,
                 one
                 part
                 whereof
                 is
                 washed
                 by
                 the
                 Sea
                 and
                 the
                 other
                 extends
                 it self
                 to
                 the
                 foot
                 of
                 the
                 Mountains
                 where
                 antiently
                 was
                 the
                 Sepulture
                 or
                 burying
                 place
                 for
                 famous
                 and
                 illustrious
                 persons
                 ,
                 as
                 of
                 Stesicorus
                 the
                 Poet
                 ,
                 
                   Himerese
                   ,
                   Xenofane
                
                 the
                 Philosopher
                 ,
                 and
                 of
                 two
                 young
                 Brothers
                 Anapia
                 and
                 Anfinomo
                 :
                 who
                 (
                 the
                 fire
                 of
                 AEtna
                 raging
                 and
                 burning
                 all
                 the
                 Countrey
                 round
                 )
                 took
                 up
                 upon
                 their
                 shoulders
                 the
                 one
                 his
                 Father
                 the
                 other
                 his
                 Mother
                 but
                 being
                 disabled
                 by
                 the
                 weight
                 to
                 proceed
                 with
                 speed
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 fire
                 overtaking
                 them
                 and
                 at
                 their
                 very
                 feet
                 ,
                 yet
                 lost
                 not
                 their
                 magnan
                 imity
                 and
                 courage
                 ,
                 but
                 when
                 almost
                 in
                 despair
                 ,
                 the
                 fire
                 on
                 a
                 suddain
                 divided
                 it self
                 before
                 them
                 ,
                 and
                 so
                 they
                 miraculously
                 escaped
                 safe
                 .
                 In
                 this
                 City
                 is
                 a
                 Colledge
                 for
                 all
                 the
                 sciences
                 ,
                 but
                 most
                 particularly
                 they
                 here
                 study
                 the
                 Civil
                 and
                 Canon
                 Laws
                 ,
                 and
                 from
                 her
                 have
                 issued
                 many
                 illustrious
                 persons
                 ,
                 as
                 
                   Santa
                   Agatha
                
                 ,
                 (
                 which
                 the
                 Palermitans
                 will
                 call
                 of
                 their
                 City
                 )
                 a
                 Virgin
                 Martyr
                 ,
                 who
                 under
                 Quintiano
                 in
                 the
                 yeer
                 of
                 our
                 salvation
                 152
                 suffered
                 Martyrdome
                 for
                 Christ
                 ,
                 and
                 Carondo
                 the
                 Philosopher
                 and
                 Legislator
                 ,
                 and
                 he
                 that
                 was
                 reputed
                 the
                 great
                 
                   Magus
                   ,
                   Diodorus
                
                 or
                 Liodorus
                 :
                 Hence
                 came
                 also
                 
                   Nicolo
                   Todisco
                
                 ,
                 called
                 the
                 Abbot
                 ,
                 or
                 Panormitano
                 the
                 great
                 Cnnonist
                 ,
                 and
                 Cardinal
                 ,
                 who
                 wrote
                 so
                 many
                 books
                 of
                 the
                 Canon
                 Laws
                 ,
                 and
                 was
                 present
                 so
                 much
                 to
                 his
                 glory
                 at
                 the
                 Councel
                 of
                 Basilea
                 in
                 the
                 yeer
                 1440.
                 
                 It
                 gave
                 birth
                 likewise
                 to
                 Galeozzo
                 ,
                 or
                 
                   Galeotto
                   Bardasino
                
                 ,
                 whose
                 vast
                 body
                 and
                 strength
                 acquired
                 him
                 the
                 title
                 of
                 a
                 Gyant
                 ,
                 of
                 whose
                 prowesse
                 and
                 noble
                 Acts
                 of
                 Chevalry
                 we
                 have
                 as
                 large
                 relations
                 ,
                 as
                 any
                 our
                 Romances
                 attribute
                 to
                 their
                 Heroes
                 .
                 The
                 City
                 Leontina
                 or
                 Leontio
                 (
                 antiently
                 inhabited
                 by
                 the
                 Lestrigones
                 )
                 was
                 the
                 birth
                 place
                 of
                 Georgia
                 the
                 Philosopher
                 and
                 Orator
                 ,
                 and
                 Agathone
                 the
                 Tragick
                 Poet
                 :
                 and
                 since
                 the
                 faith
                 of
                 Christ
                 planted
                 there
                 ,
                 
                   Alfio
                   ,
                   Filadolfio
                   ,
                   Cirino
                
                 ,
                 became
                 Martyrs
                 for
                 it
                 .
                 From
                 the
                 City
                 Megara
                 ,
                 came
                 
                   Theo
                   genes
                
                 the
                 Poet
                 ,
                 and
                 Epicarmo
                 the
                 Comick
                 Poet
                 ,
                 and
                 Inventor
                 of
                 Comedies
                 .
              
            
             
               
               
                 SYRACUSA
                 .
              
               
                 Syracusa
                 ,
                 (
                 antiently
                 the
                 Metropolis
                 of
                 Sicilia
                 ,
                 and
                 enobled
                 by
                 ma
                 ny
                 titles
                 )
                 gave
                 birth
                 to
                 many
                 eminent
                 men
                 in
                 all
                 the
                 sciences
                 ;
                 as
                 to
                 
                   Theocrito
                   the
                   Bucolick
                
                 Poet
                 ,
                 Filalao
                 the
                 
                   Pythagorean
                   ,
                   Filomone
                
                 the
                 Comick
                 Poet
                 in
                 the
                 daies
                 of
                 Alexander
                 the
                 Great
                 ,
                 another
                 
                   Philomene
                   a
                   Comick
                
                 ,
                 who
                 also
                 had
                 a
                 Son
                 of
                 the
                 same
                 name
                 and
                 profession
                 ,
                 
                   Sofrone
                   a
                   Comick
                
                 in
                 the
                 daies
                 of
                 
                   Euripides
                   ,
                   Corace
                
                 one
                 of
                 the
                 prime
                 Inventors
                 of
                 the
                 Art
                 of
                 Oratory
                 and
                 his
                 Disciple
                 Cesia
                 no
                 lesse
                 eminent
                 in
                 Oratory
                 ;
                 
                   Dione
                   Siracusano
                
                 who
                 wrote
                 of
                 the
                 Art
                 of
                 Rhetorick
                 ,
                 
                   Sofane
                   the
                   Tragick
                   Poet
                   ,
                   Epicarmo
                
                 the
                 most
                 learned
                 continued
                 alwaies
                 in
                 Syracusa
                 ,
                 and
                 at
                 his
                 death
                 had
                 a
                 statue
                 erected
                 in
                 honour
                 of
                 him
                 ;
                 Fotino
                 the
                 Comick
                 Poet
                 Carmo
                 the
                 Poet
                 ;
                 Menecrates
                 the
                 Physician
                 and
                 Philosopher
                 ,
                 
                   Filosseno
                   the
                   Lyrick
                   ,
                   Callimaco
                
                 who
                 wrote
                 in
                 verse
                 concerning
                 this
                 Island
                 ,
                 Mosco
                 the
                 Grammarian
                 ,
                 Jaceta
                 the
                 Pihlosopher
                 ,
                 Antioco
                 the
                 Historian
                 ,
                 Filisto
                 an
                 Historian
                 and
                 Father
                 of
                 Dionygio
                 the
                 Tyrant
                 ;
                 Callins
                 the
                 Historian
                 ,
                 Theodore
                 the
                 Philosopher
                 who
                 wrote
                 of
                 the
                 Art
                 of
                 Warr
                 ,
                 Archetimus
                 a
                 Philosopher
                 and
                 Histo
                 rian
                 ,
                 Archimede
                 a
                 Philosopher
                 and
                 excelling
                 Mathematician
                 ,
                 with
                 many
                 others
                 :
                 Amongst
                 the
                 holy
                 Martyrs
                 it
                 afforded
                 Lucia
                 the
                 Virgin
                 ,
                 and
                 Stefano
                 the
                 third
                 Pope
                 .
              
               
                 From
                 the
                 County
                 of
                 Nea
                 came
                 Ducetio
                 King
                 of
                 
                   Sicilia
                   ,
                   Giovanni
                   Aurispa
                
                 a
                 famous
                 writer
                 ,
                 
                   Antonio
                   Cassarino
                
                 a
                 surpassing
                 Orator
                 ,
                 
                   Giovanni
                   Martasio
                
                 a
                 most
                 celebrated
                 Poet
                 ,
                 and
                 here
                 also
                 is
                 the
                 sepulchre
                 of
                 
                   San
                   Corrado
                
                 the
                 Placentian
                 to
                 whose
                 merits
                 they
                 Fable
                 many
                 miracles
                 .
                 From
                 Agrigento
                 a
                 famous
                 City
                 issued
                 the
                 Conquerour
                 in
                 the
                 Olympick
                 games
                 before
                 Diodorus
                 ,
                 and
                 Phalaris
                 here
                 exercised
                 his
                 cruel
                 Tyranny
                 which
                 begot
                 him
                 the
                 surname
                 of
                 Tyrant
                 :
                 hence
                 also
                 proceeded
                 
                   Creone
                   and
                   Acrone
                
                 ,
                 both
                 Philosophers
                 and
                 Physicians
                 ;
                 Polo
                 the
                 Orator
                 ,
                 Dinoloco
                 a
                 
                   Comick
                   ,
                   Archino
                
                 a
                 Tragick
                 Poet
                 ,
                 Sofocles
                 and
                 Xenocorate
                 to
                 whom
                 Pindarus
                 entituled
                 two
                 of
                 his
                 Odes
                 .
              
               
                 In
                 the
                 City
                 Therme
                 now
                 called
                 Sacra
                 ,
                 were
                 born
                 Agathocles
                 King
                 of
                 Syracusa
                 ,
                 and
                 
                   Thomaso
                   Fazellio
                
                 ,
                 of
                 the
                 order
                 of
                 
                   San
                   Domenico
                
                 ,
                 who
                 wrote
                 the
                 affairs
                 of
                 Sicilia
                 in
                 a
                 large
                 volume
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 PALERMO
                 .
              
               
                 THe
                 City
                 of
                 Palermo
                 ,
                 is
                 the
                 fairest
                 of
                 all
                 the
                 others
                 of
                 this
                 Island
                 ,
                 and
                 at
                 present
                 the
                 Metropolis
                 and
                 Regal
                 Seat
                 :
                 of
                 which
                 much
                 will
                 here
                 be
                 spoken
                 :
                 she
                 gave
                 birth
                 to
                 Andrea
                 the
                 most
                 antient
                 and
                 noble
                 Philosopher
                 ,
                 who
                 wrote
                 the
                 Civil
                 history
                 of
                 the
                 Sicilians
                 ;
                 
                 but
                 it
                 was
                 much
                 more
                 illustrated
                 for
                 the
                 first
                 breath
                 it
                 afforded
                 to
                 the
                 Saints
                 Oliva
                 &
                 Nimfa
                 both
                 Martyred
                 for
                 the
                 Faith
                 of
                 Christ
                 :
                 &
                 Antonio
                 called
                 the
                 Palermitan
                 ,
                 of
                 the
                 Knightly
                 Family
                 of
                 Beccatelli
                 of
                 Bologna
                 ,
                 an
                 Orator
                 &
                 a
                 noble
                 Poet
                 ,
                 &
                 much
                 ēdeared
                 to
                 all
                 the
                 Princes
                 of
                 his
                 time
                 .
                 When
                 also
                 flourished
                 
                   Pietro
                   Ranzano
                
                 of
                 the
                 Preaching
                 order
                 ,
                 a
                 Divine
                 ,
                 an
                 Oratour
                 ,
                 and
                 a
                 famous
                 Poet
                 ,
                 and
                 at
                 last
                 Bishop
                 of
                 Lucera
                 .
                 It
                 bred
                 also
                 
                   Monsignior
                   Jacomo
                   Lomellini
                
                 its
                 ArchBishop
                 ,
                 a
                 learned
                 Prelate
                 ,
                 and
                 of
                 great
                 integrity
                 of
                 Life
                 .
                 Sicily
                 nourished
                 also
                 many
                 other
                 famous
                 persons
                 as
                 well
                 antient
                 as
                 modern
                 ,
                 as
                 
                   Sthenio
                   ,
                   Thermitano
                
                 ,
                 the
                 defender
                 of
                 the
                 Cities
                 of
                 
                   Sicilia
                   ,
                   Stesicoro
                
                 one
                 of
                 the
                 new
                 Lyricks
                 of
                 
                   Greece
                   ,
                   Diodoro
                
                 surnamed
                 Siculo
                 a
                 famous
                 and
                 renowned
                 Historian
                 ,
                 whose
                 life
                 the
                 Author
                 hereof
                 hath
                 wrote
                 at
                 large
                 in
                 another
                 Treatise
                 ;
                 
                   Thomaso
                   Caula
                
                 a
                 Laureat
                 Poet
                 ,
                 and
                 many
                 others
                 .
                 Sharp
                 and
                 long
                 wars
                 were
                 waged
                 for
                 the
                 possession
                 of
                 this
                 Island
                 ,
                 between
                 the
                 Romans
                 and
                 Carthaginians
                 ,
                 but
                 the
                 Romans
                 at
                 length
                 remained
                 Conquerours
                 ,
                 and
                 reduced
                 her
                 into
                 a
                 province
                 at
                 the
                 overthrow
                 of
                 
                   Hie
                   rone
                
                 (
                 by
                 
                   Claudius
                   Marcellus
                
                 the
                 Consul
                 )
                 who
                 was
                 the
                 last
                 of
                 those
                 Tyrants
                 under
                 whom
                 she
                 had
                 then
                 tofore
                 been
                 subjected
                 .
                 Then
                 t
                 was
                 governed
                 by
                 Praetors
                 till
                 it
                 fell
                 into
                 the
                 power
                 of
                 the
                 Emperors
                 ,
                 and
                 Charles
                 the
                 great
                 ;
                 in
                 which
                 time
                 the
                 Empire
                 and
                 world
                 being
                 divided
                 ,
                 
                   Sicilia
                   ,
                   Calabria
                
                 and
                 Puglia
                 remained
                 in
                 obedience
                 to
                 the
                 Emperors
                 of
                 Constantinople
                 ,
                 under
                 whom
                 it
                 continued
                 till
                 Niceforus
                 bcame
                 Emperor
                 ,
                 in
                 whose
                 Reign
                 the
                 Saracens
                 possessed
                 it
                 and
                 Puglia
                 ,
                 the
                 Mount
                 Saint
                 
                   Angelo
                   ,
                   Nocero
                
                 with
                 other
                 places
                 in
                 the
                 yeer
                 DCCCCXIIII
                 .
                 hence
                 they
                 made
                 frequent
                 incursions
                 into
                 Calabria
                 ,
                 and
                 to
                 the
                 very
                 walls
                 of
                 Naples
                 and
                 Garigliano
                 :
                 against
                 whom
                 Pope
                 John
                 the
                 tenth
                 with
                 
                   Alberico
                   Masalpina
                
                 his
                 Kinsman
                 great
                 Duke
                 of
                 Tuscany
                 armed
                 themselves
                 ,
                 and
                 with
                 much
                 difficulty
                 and
                 great
                 slaughter
                 drove
                 them
                 into
                 the
                 
                   Monte
                   Santo
                   Angelo
                
                 .
                 Which
                 Alberico
                 was
                 Son
                 of
                 Alberto
                 ,
                 brother
                 of
                 Guido
                 ,
                 grand
                 Marquesse
                 of
                 Tuscany
                 ,
                 some
                 of
                 whose
                 medals
                 I
                 have
                 seen
                 with
                 their
                 Teste
                 or
                 Motto
                 ,
                 and
                 on
                 the
                 reverse
                 the
                 flourishing
                 Thorn
                 tree
                 (
                 the
                 Arms
                 of
                 that
                 Family
                 )
                 in
                 the
                 hands
                 of
                 the
                 Marquesse
                 
                   Lodovico
                   Masalpina
                
                 a
                 Gentleman
                 no
                 lesse
                 facetious
                 then
                 curious
                 in
                 collections
                 .
                 The
                 Saracini
                 one
                 hundred
                 yeers
                 after
                 their
                 in
                 road
                 into
                 Italy
                 were
                 drove
                 out
                 by
                 the
                 Normandi
                 ,
                 who
                 were
                 Counts
                 of
                 Sicilia
                 ,
                 who
                 for
                 forty
                 three
                 yeers
                 increased
                 their
                 Empire
                 with
                 much
                 felicity
                 ,
                 till
                 
                   Ruberto
                   Guis
                   cardo
                
                 seized
                 Puglia
                 in
                 his
                 own
                 name
                 ,
                 and
                 Sicilia
                 in
                 right
                 of
                 his
                 Brother
                 
                   Ruggieri
                   ,
                
                 ;
                 whereupon
                 Pope
                 Nicholas
                 the
                 second
                 conceded
                 to
                 him
                 the
                 Title
                 of
                 Duke
                 ,
                 and
                 created
                 him
                 Feudatory
                 of
                 the
                 Church
                 :
                 which
                 was
                 afterwards
                 confirmed
                 by
                 Gregory
                 the
                 seventh
                 ,
                 who
                 by
                 him
                 was
                 freed
                 from
                 the
                 injuries
                 of
                 Harry
                 the
                 third
                 .
                 After
                 whom
                 ,
                 Guglielmo
                 the
                 second
                 was
                 by
                 Innocent
                 the
                 4th
                 .
                 created
                 the
                 first
                 King
                 ,
                 to
                 whom
                 succeeded
                 Gulielmo
                 the
                 third
                 who
                 deceasing
                 without
                 issue
                 ,
                 the
                 Kingdome
                 was
                 usurped
                 by
                 one
                 Taucredi
                 a
                 bastard
                 of
                 the
                 Family
                 of
                 Guiscardi
                 :
                 against
                 whom
                 Pope
                 Clement
                 and
                 Celestine
                 the
                 third
                 opposed
                 themselves
                 ;
                 &
                 in
                 the
                 end
                 Celestine
                 gave
                 Costanza
                 the
                 daughter
                 of
                 Ruggier
                 the
                 second
                 (
                 a
                 Nun
                 in
                 Palermo
                 )
                 for
                 wife
                 to
                 Henry
                 the
                 Son
                 of
                 Frederick
                 the
                 Emperor
                 with
                 the
                 Title
                 and
                 right
                 claim
                 of
                 the
                 Kingdome
                 :
                 whereupon
                 Henry
                 made
                 war
                 against
                 Tancredi
                 ,
                 besieged
                 and
                 flew
                 him
                 in
                 Naples
                 ,
                 and
                 so
                 succeeded
                 in
                 this
                 Kingdome
                 and
                 Empire
                 of
                 his
                 Father
                 .
                 After
                 whom
                 followed
                 Frederick
                 the
                 second
                 ,
                 his
                 
                 Son
                 ,
                 then
                 Manfredo
                 the
                 bastard
                 Son
                 of
                 Frederick
                 got
                 the
                 Kingdom
                 ,
                 but
                 was
                 thence
                 drove
                 out
                 by
                 Charls
                 of
                 Anjou
                 Brother
                 of
                 Saint
                 Lewis
                 King
                 of
                 France
                 ,
                 being
                 called
                 in
                 and
                 invested
                 therein
                 by
                 the
                 Pope
                 ;
                 under
                 which
                 Charls
                 the
                 Sicilians
                 (
                 being
                 complotted
                 with
                 by
                 
                   Pietro
                   d'
                   Arragona
                
                 ,
                 who
                 married
                 Costanza
                 daughter
                 of
                 Manfredo
                 )
                 at
                 the
                 sound
                 of
                 the
                 Vespers
                 Bell
                 ,
                 cut
                 in
                 peices
                 all
                 the
                 French
                 which
                 were
                 in
                 Sicilia
                 ,
                 by
                 which
                 means
                 Pietro
                 became
                 Lord
                 of
                 the
                 Island
                 ,
                 which
                 happened
                 in
                 the
                 yeer
                 1283.
                 
                 By
                 which
                 occasion
                 arose
                 many
                 contests
                 and
                 wars
                 betwixt
                 the
                 Arragonians
                 and
                 the
                 Anjouans
                 for
                 the
                 possession
                 of
                 that
                 Kingdom
                 ,
                 with
                 divers
                 fortunes
                 ,
                 till
                 at
                 length
                 the
                 Arragonians
                 were
                 wholly
                 driven
                 out
                 of
                 the
                 Kingdome
                 of
                 Naples
                 by
                 Charls
                 the
                 VIII
                 .
                 But
                 the
                 Arragonians
                 at
                 last
                 regained
                 the
                 possession
                 by
                 the
                 prowesse
                 of
                 
                   Consalvo
                   Ferrando
                
                 the
                 great
                 Captain
                 ,
                 who
                 drove
                 out
                 the
                 French
                 for
                 Ferrando
                 the
                 Catholick
                 King
                 of
                 Spain
                 ;
                 from
                 whom
                 the
                 Kingdomes
                 of
                 Sicilia
                 and
                 Naples
                 passed
                 by
                 an
                 hereditary
                 succession
                 to
                 Charles
                 the
                 5th
                 .
                 Emperor
                 ,
                 and
                 from
                 him
                 it
                 descended
                 to
                 Philip
                 the
                 second
                 ,
                 who
                 left
                 it
                 to
                 his
                 Son
                 Philip
                 the
                 third
                 Catholick
                 King
                 ,
                 who
                 now
                 injoyes
                 them
                 in
                 quiet
                 possession
                 .
              
            
          
           
             
               A
               Description
               of
               the
               Island
               of
               MALTA
            
             
               BEtween
               Sicilia
               ,
               and
               the
               River
               of
               the
               one
               and
               t'other
               shore
               of
               Barbary
               ,
               are
               fixed
               the
               two
               Islands
               Melita
               or
               Malta
               ,
               and
               Gaulo
               or
               Gozo
               ,
               the
               one
               distant
               from
               the
               other
               five
               miles
               ,
               but
               eloigned
               from
               Pachino
               or
               
                 Capo
                 Passero
              
               a
               Promontory
               of
               Sicilia
               ,
               (
               which
               they
               look
               towards
               )
               one
               hundred
               miles
               ,
               and
               from
               Africa
               one
               hundred
               and
               ninety
               miles
               .
               Malta
               is
               60.
               miles
               in
               circumference
               ,
               being
               all
               as
               it
               were
               a
               plain
               though
               somewhat
               Rocky
               ,
               and
               exposed
               to
               the
               windes
               ,
               it
               hath
               many
               and
               secure
               Ports
               ,
               but
               towards
               the
               North
               t
               is
               wholly
               deprived
               of
               fresh
               waters
               ,
               but
               on
               the
               western
               parts
               are
               excellent
               Currance
               ,
               and
               it
               produceth
               most
               fruitfull
               trees
               .
               Where
               t
               is
               broadest
               t
               is
               12
               miles
               over
               ,
               and
               in
               the
               longest
               part
               20
               miles
               ,
               and
               in
               all
               those
               seas
               is
               there
               not
               one
               Island
               so
               great
               distance
               from
               the
               firm
               Land
               as
               this
               is
               .
               In
               more
               then
               six
               places
               towards
               Sicilia
               ,
               t
               is
               hollowed
               ,
               and
               hath
               Ports
               as
               it
               were
               formed
               by
               the
               Sea
               of
               Sicilia
               for
               receipt
               of
               its
               Pyrates
               or
               Rovers
               on
               the
               Sea
               ,
               but
               towards
               Tripolis
               t
               is
               all
               full
               of
               Cliffes
               and
               Rocks
               affording
               no
               mannor
               of
               Harbour
               .
               T
               is
               called
               Melita
               in
               Latine
               from
               the
               Bees
               which
               in
               Greek
               are
               called
               Melitte
               for
               that
               the
               abundance
               and
               goodnesse
               of
               Flowers
               causeth
               in
               this
               Isle
               the
               production
               of
               the
               most
               excellent
               hony
               ,
               but
               of
               late
               by
               corruption
               of
               the
               word
               we
               call
               it
               Malta
               .
               At
               its
               first
               habituation
               it
               yielded
               obedience
               to
               King
               Battus
               famous
               for
               his
               riches
               ,
               and
               for
               the
               friendship
               and
               hospitality
               of
               Dido
               ,
               whence
               afterwards
               it
               obeyed
               the
               Carthaginians
               .
               Whereof
               the
               many
               Collumnes
               placed
               up
               and
               down
               the
               Countrey
               ,
               engraven
               with
               antient
               Carthaginian
               Characters
               (
               farr
               different
               from
               the
               Hebrean
               )
               give
               sufficient
               testimony
               .
               But
               at
               the
               same
               time
               when
               Sicilia
               was
               reduced
               to
               the
               Romans
               ,
               it
               also
               rendered
               it self
               and
               was
               therefore
               governed
               by
               the
               same
               Laws
               ,
               and
               the
               same
               Praetor
               as
               Sicilia
               was
               .
               Wherewith
               also
               
               coming
               afterwards
               into
               the
               power
               of
               the
               Saracens
               ,
               it
               finally
               with
               Gozo
               in
               the
               yeer
               1090.
               was
               possessed
               by
               
                 Ruggieri
                 Normanno
              
               ,
               Count
               of
               Sicilia
               ,
               till
               at
               length
               it
               obeyed
               the
               Christian
               Princes
               .
               The
               Ayr
               over
               all
               the
               Island
               is
               most
               healthfull
               ,
               but
               chiefly
               to
               them
               that
               inure
               themselves
               to
               it
               :
               It
               hath
               Fountains
               and
               Orchards
               copiously
               replenished
               with
               Date
               Trees
               ,
               and
               its
               soyle
               every
               where
               produceth
               plentifully
               all
               sorts
               of
               Grain
               and
               Corn
               ,
               Flax
               ,
               Cotton
               ,
               Wool
               ,
               Cummin
               seeds
               ,
               and
               abundance
               of
               Roses
               eminently
               sweet
               favoured
               :
               here
               ▪
               also
               they
               have
               a
               kind
               of
               little
               neat
               white
               Dogs
               ,
               which
               from
               their
               long
               hair
               we
               call
               shocks
               ,
               of
               much
               delight
               to
               the
               people
               .
               The
               Earth
               is
               sowed
               all
               the
               year
               with
               little
               husbandry
               ,
               and
               they
               reap
               two
               harvests
               and
               the
               trees
               likewise
               bear
               fruit
               twice
               in
               the
               yeer
               .
               In
               the
               winter
               every
               thing
               is
               green
               and
               flourisheth
               ,
               and
               in
               the
               summer
               is
               burnt
               up
               with
               heat
               ,
               howbeit
               a
               certain
               Dew
               falls
               which
               exceedingly
               nourisheth
               the
               Corn.
               At
               the
               head
               of
               a
               long
               and
               strait
               point
               almost
               opposite
               to
               the
               
                 Capo
                 Passero
              
               or
               Pachino
               in
               Sicilia
               is
               erected
               the
               Fortezza
               of
               
                 Sant
                 Ermo
              
               ,
               but
               on
               the
               right
               hand
               towards
               Sicilia
               are
               some
               other
               points
               ,
               and
               between
               them
               and
               
                 Sant
                 Ermo
              
               is
               a
               Channel
               of
               water
               upon
               one
               of
               which
               points
               is
               the
               Castle
               
                 Sant
                 Angelo
              
               ,
               and
               the
               other
               the
               Fortezza
               of
               
                 San
                 Michael
              
               with
               their
               Bourges
               :
               between
               the
               one
               and
               the
               other
               of
               which
               lie
               the
               ship●…
               &
               Galleys
               in
               a
               Channel
               which
               is
               locked
               at
               the
               utmost
               points
               with
               a
               vast
               Iron
               Chain
               .
               Eight
               miles
               off
               which
               place
               up
               the
               Land
               stands
               the
               City
               called
               Malta
               famoused
               by
               the
               Reliques
               of
               very
               noble
               Edifices
               ,
               and
               by
               the
               antient
               dignity
               of
               a
               Bishoprick
               .
               This
               Isle
               hath
               a
               Pr●…montory
               whereon
               was
               built
               a
               most
               antient
               and
               noble
               Temple
               dedicated
               to
               Juno
               ,
               and
               held
               in
               great
               reverence
               ,
               and
               another
               on
               the
               South
               to
               Hercules
               ,
               whereof
               at
               this
               day
               huge
               ruines
               appear
               at
               the
               Port
               Euro
               .
               The
               men
               of
               this
               Island
               are
               brown
               complexioned
               ,
               and
               their
               genius
               more
               approaches
               that
               of
               the
               Sicilians
               then
               any
               other
               .
               The
               women
               are
               beautifull
               enough
               but
               fly
               company
               ,
               goe
               obscured
               abroad
               ,
               are
               kept
               close
               at
               home
               ,
               yet
               following
               the
               same
               manner
               of
               life
               as
               the
               Sicilians
               ,
               and
               speaking
               a
               language
               more
               like
               and
               near
               the
               Carthaginian
               then
               any
               other
               language
               .
               The
               people
               are
               generally
               religious
               and
               particularly
               pay
               a
               great
               devotion
               to
               Saint
               Paul
               ,
               to
               whom
               this
               Island
               is
               dedicated
               ,
               for
               that
               here
               he
               by
               chance
               fell
               into
               the
               Sea
               ,
               and
               was
               here
               entertained
               with
               great
               humanity
               :
               and
               on
               that
               shore
               where
               he
               fell
               in
               ,
               is
               built
               a
               venerable
               Chapel
               ;
               for
               their
               respect
               to
               whom
               they
               believe
               no
               noysome
               nor
               venemous
               Creature
               can
               grow
               or
               live
               on
               this
               Island
               .
               And
               from
               the
               Grotto
               where
               that
               Saint
               stood
               are
               stones
               by
               many
               plucked
               away
               ,
               and
               carryed
               through
               Italy
               ,
               (
               called
               the
               Gratia
               of
               Saint
               Paul
               ,
               )
               to
               healthe
               bitings
               of
               Scorpions
               and
               Serpents
               .
               In
               our
               Age
               this
               Island
               had
               and
               hath
               great
               splendour
               for
               its
               Devotion
               ,
               and
               the
               religious
               order
               of
               the
               Knights
               of
               
                 Sant
                 Giovanni
              
               or
               John
               of
               Jerusalem
               ,
               the
               which
               having
               lost
               Rhodes
               (
               taken
               from
               them
               in
               the
               yeer
               1522.
               by
               Soliman
               the
               magnificent
               the
               great
               Tnrk
               )
               had
               this
               Island
               given
               them
               by
               
                 Charles
                 the
              
               5th
               .
               Emperour
               ,
               where
               they
               have
               built
               the
               aforenamed
               Castles
               and
               Forts
               ,
               that
               they
               may
               there
               reside
               with
               perpetual
               security
               .
               In
               the
               yeer
               1565.
               they
               valiantly
               defended
               the
               same
               against
               a
               most
               potent
               Armada
               ,
               which
               the
               same
               Soliman
               sent
               thither
               to
               conquer
               the
               Island
               and
               to
               drive
               out
               those
               Knights
               :
               which
               in
               time
               to
               come
               will
               not
               contribute
               lesse
               glory
               to
               Malta
               ,
               then
               that
               which
               they
               reaped
               in
               times
               past
               from
               the
               general
               
               Council
               which
               under
               Pope
               Innocent
               the
               first
               was
               there
               celebrated
               by
               214.
               
               Bishops
               against
               Pelagius
               the
               Heretike
               ;
               among
               others
               there
               met
               Saint
               Austine
               and
               Sylvano
               Bishop
               of
               
                 Malta
                 .
                 Soliman
              
               sent
               to
               this
               Attempt
               an
               Armada
               ,
               a
               Fleet
               of
               200
               sayls
               ,
               under
               the
               command
               o●…
               
                 Piali
                 Bassa
              
               General
               of
               the
               Sea
               ,
               a
               man
               both
               valiant
               and
               judicious
               ,
               and
               of
               Mustapha
               ,
               the
               Bassa
               General
               of
               the
               Land
               ,
               a
               man
               very
               crafty
               ,
               and
               much
               experienc't
               in
               warlike
               affairs
               :
               who
               having
               disembarked
               and
               landed
               their
               Army
               on
               the
               18.
               of
               May
               ,
               besieged
               and
               battered
               the
               Castle
               
                 Sant
                 Ermo
              
               ,
               and
               after
               many
               contests
               and
               attempts
               ,
               having
               beat
               down
               that
               wall
               flat
               to
               the
               Earth
               on
               the
               23d
               .
               of
               June
               became
               Masters
               of
               the
               Fort
               ,
               and
               put
               all
               the
               defendors
               to
               the
               Sword
               and
               cut
               them
               to
               pieces
               .
               There
               dyed
               then
               on
               the
               Turks
               part
               
                 Dragut
                 ●…ais
              
               the
               famous
               Pyrat
               ,
               being
               wounded
               under
               the
               ear
               by
               the
               blow
               of
               a
               stone
               .
               Then
               they
               turned
               their
               force
               upon
               the
               two
               other
               Fortezza's
               of
               
                 Sant
                 Michael
              
               ,
               and
               
                 Saint
                 Angelo
              
               .
               They
               planted
               a
               fierce
               battery
               against
               
                 San
                 Michael
              
               ,
               which
               levelled
               the
               walls
               with
               the
               bank
               of
               the
               Fosse
               or
               Ditch
               by
               their
               falling
               therein
               ,
               but
               in
               many
               and
               many
               assaults
               which
               they
               gave
               to
               the
               Castle
               ,
               they
               were
               alwaies
               valiantly
               repelled
               by
               the
               Horse
               .
               
                 Giovanni
                 Valetta
              
               a
               French
               man
               the
               then
               great
               Master
               ,
               a
               man
               of
               singular
               valour
               and
               prudence
               ,
               not
               failing
               in
               any
               thing
               of
               conduct
               or
               necessary
               provision
               ,
               that
               might
               merit
               the
               esteem
               of
               an
               excellent
               Commander
               .
               At
               last
               
                 Don
                 Garcia
                 de
                 Toledo
              
               ,
               having
               selected
               sixty
               of
               the
               most
               nimble
               and
               polite
               galleys
               out
               of
               those
               of
               the
               King
               of
               Spain
               ;
               and
               furnished
               them
               with
               nine
               thousand
               six
               hundred
               Souldiers
               between
               Spaniards
               ,
               and
               Italians
               ,
               advanced
               to
               land
               them
               securely
               on
               the
               Island
               .
               Which
               the
               Turks
               understanding
               forthwith
               imbarqued
               their
               Artillery
               ,
               and
               advanced
               with
               8000
               Souldiers
               to
               view
               the
               Christian
               Army
               ,
               who
               fell
               upon
               them
               with
               such
               ardour
               and
               fury
               ,
               that
               they
               immediately
               most
               basely
               run
               away
               ,
               and
               got
               into
               their
               Galleys
               ,
               leaving
               1800
               dead
               ,
               having
               killed
               but
               only
               four
               on
               the
               Christians
               side
               :
               And
               in
               this
               manner
               were
               the
               
                 Turks
                 constrained
              
               to
               abandon
               the
               Island
               to
               their
               ●…oul
               shame
               and
               confusion
               ,
               and
               the
               great
               honour
               of
               Almighty
               God
               ,
               whose
               hand
               strengthning
               this
               small
               number
               ,
               clearly
               demonstrated
               ,
               that
               by
               his
               favour
               ,
               the
               valour
               of
               a
               few
               can
               oppose
               the
               violence
               of
               many
               .
            
          
           
             
             
               VERSES
               composed
               on
               the
               Cities
               of
               ITALY
               translated
               out
               of
               the
               ITALIAN
               .
            
             
               
                 FOR
                 Pompe
                 ,
                 and
                 Pietie
                 ,
                 old
                 Rome
                 is
                 fam'd
                 ,
              
               
                 Venice
                 is
                 rich
                 ,
                 the
                 Sage
                 ,
                 and
                 Lordly
                 nam'd
                 ,
              
               
                 Naples
                 is
                 noble
                 ,
                 and
                 of
                 pleasant
                 air
                 ,
              
               
                 Florence
                 through
                 all
                 the
                 world
                 reputed
                 fair
                 .
              
               
                 Milan
                 doth
                 of
                 her
                 Grandeur
                 justly
                 boast
                 .
              
               
                 Bologna's●…att
                 ●…att
                 :
                 Ferrara
                 civil
                 most
                 .
              
               
                 Padoua
                 Learned
                 ;
                 subtile
                 Bergamo
                 .
              
               
                 And
                 Genoua's
                 Pride
                 ,
                 her
                 stately
                 buildings
                 show
                 .
              
               
                 Worthy
                 Verona
                 ,
                 bloudy
                 Perugia
                 ,
              
               
                 Brescia
                 well-armed
                 ;
                 and
                 glorious
                 Mantoua
                 .
              
               
                 Rimini
                 good
                 .
                 Pist●…ia
                 barbarous
                 .
              
               
                 Babling
                 
                   Siena
                   .
                   Lucca
                
                 industrious
                 .
              
               
                 Forli
                 phantastick
                 .
                 kind
                 ,
                 Ravenna's
                 styld
                 .
              
               
                 Singalia
                 with
                 nauseous
                 air
                 is
                 fill'd
              
               
                 Pisa
                 is
                 pendent
                 :
                 〈◊〉
                 ,
                 Capua
                 .
              
               
                 Pesaro
                 flowry
                 ;
                 and
                 (
                 as
                 all
                 men
                 say
                 )
              
               
                 Ancona
                 far
                 from
                 a
                 good
                 Po●…t
                 doth
                 s●…ray
                 .
              
               
                 Urbin
                 in
                 her
                 fidelity
                 is
                 strong
                 .
              
               
                 Ascoli
                 round
                 ,
                 and
                 Recanate
                 long
                 .
              
               
                 Foligno's
                 candied
                 streets
                 most
                 pleasant
                 are
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Ladies
                 of
                 Fano
                 ,
                 so
                 smooth
                 and
                 fair
                 ,
              
               
                 That
                 said
                 they
                 are
                 from
                 Heaven
                 sent
                 to
                 be
                 But
                 Modena
                 more
                 happy
                 is
                 then
                 shee
                 .
              
            
             
               FINIS
               .
            
             
          
        
      
    
     
       
         Notes, typically marginal, from the original text
         
           Notes for div A62355-e17960
           
             1199.
             
          
           
             Sholes
             .
          
           
             Muran
             .
          
           
             St.
             Georgio
             .
          
           
             Zuecca
             .
          
           
             Lizafusina
             .
          
           
             Edmond
             Wal●…er
             Espuire
             .
          
           
             Polverara
             .
          
           
             Adria
             .
          
           
             Euganei
             .
          
           
             Monselice
             
          
           
             Estè
             
          
           
             Lendinr●…
             .
          
           
             Rovigo
             .
          
           
             Peredeo
             
          
           
             Campo
             Martio
             .
          
           
             St.
             Michael
             .
          
           
             Monte
             forte
             .
          
           
             Scala
             .
          
           
             Sanzen
             .
          
           
             Peschiero
             .
          
           
             Desensano
             
          
           
             Paltena
             .
          
           
             Pulicella
             .
          
           
             Bardolino
             .
          
           
             Gardo
             .
          
           
             Caldo.
             
          
           
             Sirmione
             .
          
           
             Domo
             
          
           
             Santa
             Juliia
             
          
           
             Lonato
             .
          
           
             Asola
             
          
           
             Oglio
             .
          
           
             Reato
             
          
           
             Valcamonica
             
          
           
             Isseo
             
          
           
             Brenna
             .
          
           
             Troppia
             .
          
           
             Cardone
             
          
           
             Del
             Sole
             
          
           
             Caravaggio
             
          
           
             Cassina
             
          
           
             Soncino
             
          
           
             Crema
             
          
           
             Lodi
             
          
           
             Malpaga
             
          
           
             Vale
             Serina
             .
          
           
             Brombana
             
          
           
             San
             Martino
             
          
           
             Calepio
             Chiusontio
             Manca
             
          
           
             Como
             
          
           
             Como
             
          
           
             Bersalina
             
          
           
             Belasio
             
          
           
             Monza
             
          
           
             Somasca
             
          
           
             Martosana
             
          
           
             Ro
             
          
           
             Angiera
             
          
           
             Novarra
             Mortara
             
          
           
             Valese
             
          
           
             Adda
             
          
           
             Pusterlengo
             
          
           
             St.
             Antonio
             
          
           
             Bobio
             
          
           
             Arquato
             
          
           
             Fidenti
             
          
           
             St.
             Donnino
             
          
           
             Colorno
             
          
           
             Bergo
             
          
           
             Bardo
             
          
           
             Aquario
             
          
           
             Vignola
             
          
           
             Carpi
             
          
           
             Panaro
             
          
           
             Novantola
             
          
           
             Agata
             
          
           
             Forcelli
             
          
           
             R●…ssi
             
          
           
             Colossina
             
          
           
             Panico
             
          
           
             Vergata
             
          
           
             B●…aghi
             
          
           
             Porretta
             
          
           
             Poggio
             
          
           
             B●…trio
             
          
           
             Rièardina
             
          
           
             Guelfo
             
          
           
             Quaterna
             
          
           
             San
             Pietro
             
          
           
             Dozza
             
          
           
             Pianora
             
          
           
             Scarao
             
          
           
             Scarperia
             
          
           
             Pratolin●…
             
          
           
             Fiesole
             
          
           
             Mugello
             
          
           
             Lucca
             
          
           
             Poggibonzi
             
          
           
             Mount
             Olivet
             
          
           
             Radicofano
             
          
           
             Pienza
             
          
           
             Chiuse
             
          
           
             Monte
             Pulciano
             
          
           
             Grossetto
             
          
           
             Bolsena
             
          
           
             Tevere
             Soana
             
          
           
             Castro
             
          
           
             Orbello
             
          
           
             Tuscanello
             
          
           
             Cornetto
             
          
           
             Horti
             
          
           
             Viterbo
             
          
           
             Canepina
             
          
           
             Lag●…
             ▪
             Vico
             
          
           
             Sutri
             .
          
           
             Cività
             :
          
           
             Rofolo
             .
          
           
             Cremera
             .
          
           
             Piadena
             
          
           
             Gazuolo
             
          
           
             St.
             Benedict
             
          
           
             Stapylton
             
          
           
             33
             feet
             denote
             yeers
             .
             6
             fin
             gers
             6
             months