Distant Reader - subject-judaism-freebo

Introduction

This is a Distant Reader "study carrel", a set of structured data intended to help the student, researcher, or scholar use & understand a corpus.

This study carrel was created on 2021-05-24 by Eric Morgan <emorgan@nd.edu>. The carrel was created using the Distant Reader zip2carrel process, and the input was a Zip file locally cached with the name input-file.zip. Documents in the Zip file have been saved in a cache, and each of them have been transformed & saved as a set of plain text files. All of the analysis -- "reading" -- has been done against these plain text files. For example, a short narrative report has been created. This Web page is a more verbose version of that report.

All study carrels are self-contained -- no Internet connection is necessary to use them. Download this carrel for offline reading. The carrel is made up of many subdirectories and data files. The manifest describes each one in greater detail.

Size

There are 11 item(s) in this carrel, and this carrel is 431,729 words long. Each item in your study carrel is, on average, 39,248 words long. If you dig deeper, then you might want to save yourself some time by reading a shorter item. On the other hand, if your desire is for more detail, then you might consider reading a longer item. The following charts illustrate the overall size of the carrel.

Readability

On a scale from 0 to 100, where 0 is very difficult and 100 is very easy, the documents have an average readability score of 94. Consequently, if you want to read something more simplistic, then consider a document with a higher score. If you want something more specialized, then consider something with a lower score. The following charts illustrate the overall readability of the carrel.

Word Frequencies

By merely counting & tabulating the frequency of individual words or phrases, you can begin to get an understanding of the carrel's "aboutness". Excluding "stop words", some of the more frequent words include:

shall, god, one, day, may, time, first, jews, also, law, lord, man, will, say, great, sabbath, yet, every, called, now, place, many, two, manner, made, people, come, moses, make, among, name, much, men, according, use, must, holy, might, words, things, feast, written, chap, world, us, like, three, therefore, good, word

Using the three most frequent words, the three files containing all of those words the most are The Jewish synagogue, or, An historical narration of the state of the Jewes at this day dispersed over the face of the whole earth ... / translated out of the learned Buxtorfius ... by A.B., Mr. A. of Q. Col. in Oxford., A vindication of the Holy Scriptures. Or the manifestation of Jesus Christ the true Messiah already come. Being the Christians antidote against the poysons of Judaisme and atheisme of this present age. Proved out of sacred scripture, ancient historians, and Jewish Rabbins. / By that learned, and late eminent divine, John Harrison., and Moses and Aaron civil and ecclesiastical rites, used by the ancient Hebrews : observed, and at large opened, for the clearing of many obscure texts thorowout [sic] the whole Scripture, which texts are now added at the end of the book : wherein likewise is shewed what customs the Hebrews borrowed from heathen people, and that many heathenish customs, originally, have been unwarrantable imitation of the Hebrews / by Thomas Godwyn ....

The most frequent two-word phrases (bigrams) include:

every one, sabbath day, roman non, right hand, ye shall, use among, first day, shall come, early english, english books, books online, god shall, holy ghost, every day, unleavened bread, wise men, like manner, every man, seven daies, lord god, three times, whole world, hebrew word, seventh day, must needs, two sorts, page images, new moon, second time, mean time, high priest, let us, perfect faith, creation partnership, text creation, de orig, may bee, eighth day, one another, bring forth, good works, second temple, whole congregation, may see, eight daies, blessed art, another place, commanded us, lord shall, nothing else

And the three file that use all of the three most frequent phrases are Americans no Iewes, or improbabilities that the Americans are of that race. By Hamon l''Estrange, Kt. A vindication of the Holy Scriptures. Or the manifestation of Jesus Christ the true Messiah already come. Being the Christians antidote against the poysons of Judaisme and atheisme of this present age. Proved out of sacred scripture, ancient historians, and Jewish Rabbins. / By that learned, and late eminent divine, John Harrison., and The familie of David for the sonnes of the kingdome, vvith a chronicle vnto the redemtion [sic]..

While often deemed superficial or sophomoric, rudimentary frequencies and their associated "word clouds" can be quite insightful:

Keywords

Sets of keywords -- statistically significant words -- can be enumerated by comparing the relative frequency of words with the number of times the words appear in an entire corpus. Some of the most statistically significant keywords in the carrel include:

god, law, lord, sabbath, jews, feast, chap, tcp, prophet, moses, king, christ, book, temple, talmud, synagogue, scripture, saviour, religion, rabbines, priests, prayer, moon, levit, jewish, jerusalem, israelites, iewes, holy, day, covenant, city, circumcision, christians, children, world, woman, west, theyr, taprobane, tabernacles, tabernacle, sun, spirit, south, soul, son, solomon, sea, school

And now word clouds really begin to shine:

Topic Modeling

Topic modeling is another popular approach to connoting the aboutness of a corpus. If the study carrel could be summed up in a single word, then that word might be god, and Tvvo epistles vnto great men of Britanie, in the yeare 1599 Requesting them to put their neckes unto the work of theyr Lord: to break the bread of the soule unto the hungry Iewes, by theyr writinges, or by theyr charges, through such as be ready to declare all that theyr necessity doth require. Printed now the second time, in the yeare synce the creation of the world 5532. Or yeare of the Lord 1606. Translated by the auctour for the use of such as would & should know what in this cause ought to be performed. is most about that word.

If the study carrel could be summed up in three words ("topics") then those words and their significantly associated titles include:

If the study carrel could be summed up in five topics, and each topic were each denoted with three words, then those topics and their most significantly associated files would be:

Moreover, the totality of the study carrel's aboutness, can be visualized with the following pie chart:

Noun & Verbs

Through an analysis of your study carrel's parts-of-speech, you are able to answer question beyonds aboutness. For example, a list of the most frequent nouns helps you answer what questions; "What is discussed in this collection?":

day, time, man, place, manner, people, men, name, words, things, others, cap, word, world, hands, reason, hand, one, thing, part, house, children, earth, death, life, daies, end, years, use, water, p., year, times, prayer, hath, body, women, child, night, book, ▪, way, woman, places, head, rest, number, none, bread, table

An enumeration of the verbs helps you learn what actions take place in a text or what the things in the text do. Very frequently, the most common lemmatized verbs are "be", "have", and "do"; the more interesting verbs usually occur further down the list of frequencies:

is, be, was, are, have, were, had, say, being, called, made, come, do, make, according, did, been, written, said, put, take, read, give, let, concerning, done, set, saying, eat, call, use, used, given, came, see, go, brought, commanded, termed, having, thought, taken, gave, seeing, bring, keep, delivered, know, hath, found

Proper Nouns

An extraction of proper nouns helps you determine the names of people and places in your study carrel.

◊, 〉, 〈, god, jews, lord, c., law, sabbath, moses, thou, chap, christ, israel, feast, rabbi, ●, hath, temple, de, synagogue, king, lib, holy, l., rabbines, talmud, christians, jerusalem, jew, messiah, jewes, prophet, david, father, heaven, gods, saviour, gen., ye, yea, sun, covenant, mat, pag, john, church, exod, city, hebrews

An analysis of personal pronouns enables you to answer at least two questions: 1) "What, if any, is the overall gender of my study carrel?", and 2) "To what degree are the texts in my study carrel self-centered versus inclusive?"

they, their, it, his, he, them, i, him, we, our, her, my, you, themselves, thy, me, us, your, she, himself, thee, its, mine, theirs, one, ours, ye, whosoever, elias, whereof, u, yours, vp, s, oleo, ●, yf, severall, ne, myself, l, itself, hyl, hey, herself, hers, f, ''s

Below are words cloud of your study carrel's proper & personal pronouns.

Adjectives & Verbs

Learning about a corpus's adjectives and adverbs helps you answer how questions: "How are things described and how are things done?" An analysis of adjectives and adverbs also points to a corpus's overall sentiment. "In general, is my study carrel positive or negative?"

other, great, first, many, such, same, own, good, whole, second, certain, more, holy, much, last, true, little, old, third, present, new, common, full, jewish, like, dead, roman, former, non, greater, -, high, several, very, right, next, least, long, saith, most, ancient, able, poor, large, chief, fourth, particular, seventh, hebrew, free

not, so, then, also, up, now, out, thus, therefore, more, very, first, as, thereof, most, only, even, together, again, yet, much, here, onely, there, down, never, hence, away, that, is, ever, off, well, secondly, likewise, forth, long, all, often, sometimes, rather, in, over, once, before, far, nt, formerly, otherwise, especially

Next steps

There is much more to a study carrel than the things outlined above. Use this page's menubar to navigate and explore in more detail. There you will find additional features & functions including: ngrams, parts-of-speech, grammars, named entities, topic modeling, a simple search interface, etc.

Again, study carrels are self-contained. Download this carrel for offline viewing and use.

Thank you for using the Distant Reader.