Lillies rules construed wherunto are added Tho. Robertsons Heteroclites, the Latine Syntaxis, and Qui mihi. Short introduction of grammar. Selections Lily, William, 1468?-1522. 1633 Approx. 275 KB of XML-encoded text transcribed from 52 1-bit group-IV TIFF page images. Text Creation Partnership, Ann Arbor, MI ; Oxford (UK) : 2008-09 (EEBO-TCP Phase 1). A05510 STC 15633.6 ESTC S113022 99848263 99848263 13345 This keyboarded and encoded edition of the work described above is co-owned by the institutions providing financial support to the Early English Books Online Text Creation Partnership. This Phase I text is available for reuse, according to the terms of Creative Commons 0 1.0 Universal . The text can be copied, modified, distributed and performed, even for commercial purposes, all without asking permission. Early English books online. (EEBO-TCP ; phase 1, no. A05510) Transcribed from: (Early English Books Online ; image set 13345) Images scanned from microfilm: (Early English books, 1475-1640 ; 714:9; 2121:8) Lillies rules construed wherunto are added Tho. Robertsons Heteroclites, the Latine Syntaxis, and Qui mihi. Short introduction of grammar. Selections Lily, William, 1468?-1522. Haine, William. Colet, John, 1467?-1519. aut Robertson, Thomas, fl. 1520-1561. aut [112] p. Printed by Bonham Norton, Printer to the kings most excellent maiestie, in the Latine, Greeke, and Hebrew, London : 16[33?] Extracts from "A short introduction of grammar" by William Lily, John Colet, Thomas Robertson, and others. In part translated and edited by William Haine. Preface signed by Haine. On title page, date of publication is defaced to read "1633" in the only copy of this edition; date of publication suggested by STC. The work "Qui mihi" is named from the opening words of Lily's "Carmen de moribus"--STC. Signatures: A-G. 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Keying and markup guidelines are available at the Text Creation Partnership web site . eng Latin language -- Grammar -- Early works to 1800. 2007-07 TCP Assigned for keying and markup 2007-08 Apex CoVantage Keyed and coded from ProQuest page images 2007-09 Emma (Leeson) Huber Sampled and proofread 2007-09 Emma (Leeson) Huber Text and markup reviewed and edited 2008-02 pfs Batch review (QC) and XML conversion LILLIES RVLES construed , Wherunto are added THO. ROBERTSONS Heteroclites , the Latine Syntaxis , and Qui mihi . LONDON , Printed by Bonham Norton , Printer to the Kings most Excellent Maiestie , in the Latine , Greeke , and Hebrew . 16●● . TO THE READER . I Long since ( gentle Reader ) following the example of diverse learned men , who had laboured much in this kind , construed , and being thereunto importuned by many , published Lillies rules of the genders of Nounes , the preterperfect tenses and supines of verbes : his Schoole-precepts , commonly called ( Qui mihi ) Thomas Robersons Treatise of the Heteroclites , and the Latine Syntaxis . Which I did , being vpon long and sufficient experience well assured , that a good part of the Masters daily paines , and the Scholars fruitlesse diligence , being hereby remoued , the one may , to the great content of his Parents and Master , euen by himselfe with better courage and greater profit , learne his lesson in farre shorter time , and keepe it more faithfully in memorie , than he did before : and the other may cheerefully with more comfort and greater credit than he was accustomed , teach more necessary things , as the declining of Nounes , conjugating of Verbes , and the meaning of the Rules , with a manifold vse of the examples , chusing rather the practice than the teaching of the Art. If by this easie meane , I any wayes helpe or encourage thee , I shall be very glad : if not , yet haue I the hire and the glory I sought for , namely , that I haue endeauoured to stand thee in stead the best that I could . Farewell . Thine in the Lord , WILLIAM HAINE . QVORVNDAM NOMINA , quos authores habeo , qui hac scholastica ( vt vocant ) constructione vsi sunt . IOdocus Badius Ascentius quamplurimos authores classicos interpretatus est . Aegidius de Houeuille Sanctimarianus Constantinus , primam partem Grammaticae Despauterianae Gallicae . 1550. Gabriel Prateolus Marcossius reliquum illius Grammaticae Gallicae . Theod Gaza & Constant . Lascaris Grammaticae Graecae similem feré habent interpretationem Latinam . Maturinus Corderius Catonem , & nonnullas Ciceronis Epistolas Gallicè , vtorque Anglicè factus est . 1580. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 quidam Eclogas Vergilij . Interlinearis Bibliorum interpretatio Latina Benedicti Ariae Montani . Interlinearis etiam Testamenti Syriaci Guidonis Fabricij Boderiani huc pertinere videtur propria Propria quae maribus construed . DIcas Thou mavest call propria proper names , quae which tribuuntur are attributed maribus to the male kinde mascula masculine : ut as ●unt be divorum the names of the heathenish gods , Mars the god of battell , Bacchus the god of wine , Apollo the god of wisedome : virorum of men , ut as Cato the name of a wiseman in Rome , Virgilius Virgil : fluviorum of riuers , ut as Tybris the Tyber in Italie , Orontes the Orontes by Antioch : mensium of moneths ut as October the moneth so called : ventorum of winds , ut as Lybs the Southwest wind by west , Notus the South winde , Auster the South winde . PRopria nomina proper names referentia sh●wing foemineum sexum the female kinde tribuuntur are attributed foemineo generi to the feminine gender : sive whether sunt they bee dearum the names of heathenish goddesses , ut as Iuno Iupiters wife , Venus the goddesse of beautie : mulierum of women , ceu as Anna Anne , Philotis Philot : urbium of Cities , ut as Elis a Citie of Peloponnesus , Opus a Citie in Locris : regionum of Countries , ut as Graecia Greece , Persis Persia . Item also nomen the name Insulae of an I le , ceu as Creta Creete : Brittannia Britaine , Cyprus Cypres . Tamen neuerthelesse quaedam some names urbium of ●●ties sunt are excipienda to bee excepted , ut as ista mascula these masculines , Sulmo the towne where Ouid was borne , Agragas a towne in Scicilie . quaedam neutralia some neuters , ut as Argos a Citie in Peloponnesus , Tybur a citie in Italie , Praeneste a citie in Italie , & and Anxur a citie in Italie , quod which dat vtrumque genus is both masculine and neuter . APpellativa common names arborum of trees crunt shall be muliebria feminine , ut as alnus an alder tree , cupressus a cypresse tree , cedrus a cedar tree , spinus a sloe tree mas is masculine , o●easter a wild Oliue tree , mas is masculine , & and siler an osier , suber cork ; thus frank incense , robur an oake , qu● and acer a maple , sunt are neutra neuters . ETiam also volucrum he names of birds , ceu as passer a sparrow , hirundo aswallow , ferarum of wilde beasts , ut as tigris a tiger , vulpes a sexe , & and piscium of fishes , ut as Ostrea an oister , coetus a whale , sunt are dicta called epicoena noun●s of the epicene gender , quibus to which vox ipsa the word it selfe feret will giue genus aptum bis right gender . Attamen Notwithstanding ex cunctis among all the nounes quae Which diximus wee spake of ante before , notandum we must note , omne that euery noune quod which exit endeth in um , seu whether Graecum Greeke , siue or Latinum Latine , esse is genus neutrum the neuter gender : sic so nomen a noune invariabile undeclined . Sed but nunc now dicam I will intreate ordine in order de reliquis of the other nounes , quae which vocantur are called appellativa common , aut or quae which sunt are tanquàm as appellativa common : nam for genus the gender semper dignoscitur is alwai●s knowne his in these ex genitivo by the genitiue case , ut as t●iplex regula speciallis the three speciall rules monstrabit will sh●w inf●a afterward . NOmen a noune non crescens not increasing genitivo in the genitiue case , est is genus muliebre the ●eminine gender , ceu as caro carnis flesh , capra caprae a shee geate , nubes nubis a cloud . MVlta nomina many names viro●um of men in a dicuntur are called mascula masculine , ut as scriba a secretarie , assecla a page , scurra a scoffer , & and rabula a brawler , lixa a scullion , ●anista a master of defence ; quot as many as declinatio prima the first declension Graecorum of the Greekes fundit doth make to end in as and in es , & and quot as many Latine nounes as fiunt are deriued ab illis of them per a ending in a , mascula are masculine ut us satrapas satrapa a Peere of the realme , athletes athleta a great wrestler . Item also leguntur these are read mascula masculine , verres a bore pig , natalis ones birth day aqualis an ewer , nata nounes deriued ab asse of as a pound weight , ut as centussis an hundred pound wright : conjunge ioine thou lienis the milt , & and orbis any round thing , callis a path , caulis a stalke , follis a paire of bellow●s , collis a little hill , mensis a month , & and ensis aswo●d , fustis a club , funis a rope , panis bread , penis a mans yard , crinis haire , & and ignis fire , cassis a hunters net , fascis a faggot , torris a firebrand , sentis a thorne , piscis a fish , & and vnguis a man 's nat●e , & and vermis a worme , vectis a barre , postis a post , & and axis an axell tree societur may be ioyned . In er nounes ending in er mascula are masculine , ceu as venter a bellie , in os vel or us , ut us logos a w●rd , annus a yeare . SVnt these nounes be foemineï generis the seminine gend●r , mater a mother , humus the ground , domus a house , alvus a paunch & and colus a distaffe , & and ficus quartae of the sourth declension pro fructu for a figge , què and acus a needle , porticus a porch , atque and tribus a stocke , socrus a wiues or husbands mother , nurus the so●nes wif● , & and manus a hand , idus the ides of a moneth , anus an old woman addenda est must bee added huc hither : mystica vannus the mysticall fanne Iacchi of Bacchus hùc hither , jungas adde his to these Graeca Greeks nounes vertentia changing os in us os into us , papyrus paper , antidotus a medicine to expell poison , costus the hearbe called herba Marie , diphthongus a dipthong , byssus sine flaxe , abyssus a bottomlesse pit , crystalius cristall , synodus an assembly , saphirus a saphire stone , eremus a wildernesse , & and arctus a companie of starres in the North called the Beare , cum multis alijs with many other , quae which nunc at this time longum est is long perscribere to set downe . SI is nomen a noune in e gignit make is in the genittue case , neutrum it is a neuter , vt as ma●e the sea , rete a net : & and quot as many as fiunt doe end in on , vel or in um , ut as barbiton a kind of musicall instrument , ovum an egge , hippomanes a venemous humour comming from a mare est is genus neutrum the neuter gender , & and cacoëthes an ill custome neutrum is neuter , & and virus poyson , pelagus the sea , vulgus the common people modò somtimes neutrum is neuter , modò somtimes mas masculine . SVnt these nounes are incerti generis the doubtfull gender , talpa a mole , & and dama a bucke or a doe , canalis a channell or a conduit pipe , halcyonis a kingfisher , finis an end , clunis a buttocke , restis an balter , penus all victuals meat and drinke , amnis ariuer , pampinus a vine leafe , & and corbis a ba●ket ; linter a cockboat , torquis a coller , specus a denne , anguis a ●ack● , ficus dans fici of the second declension pro morbo for a disease , atque and phaselus a shippe called a gallion , lecithus an ●y●e glasse , ae and atomus a mote in the Sunne , grossus a greene figge , pharus an high witch-t●wer , & and paradisus a paradise . COmpositum à verbo a noune made of a verbe dans a ending in a est is commune the common duorum of two , Graiugena a Groecian borne , â of gigno to gett monstrat sheweth id that , agricola a husbandman à of colo to till , advena a stranger à of venio to come : adde adde senex an old man or woman , auriga a carter , & and verna a bondman or woman , sodalis a companion , vates a prophet : extorris a ban●shed man or woman , patruelis my fathers brothers childe , què and perduellis a stubborne enemie affinis a kinsman or kinswoman by marriage , juvenis a yong man or woman , testis a witnesse , civis acitizen , canis a dogge or a bitch , hostis an enemie . NOmen a noune est is muliebre genus the seminine gender , si if penultima syllaba the sillable last save one genetivi of the genetiue case crescentis increasing sonet sound acuta long , velut as haec pietas pietâtis godlinesse , virtus virtûtis vertue monstrant doshew . QVaedam nomina some ●ounes monosyllaba of one sillable dicuntur are called mascula mascusine , sal salt , sol the sunne , ren the kidney or the reines of the backe , & and splen the splene , Car a man of Caria , Ser a man of Asia , vir a man , vas vadis a suretie , as a pound weight , mas the male kind , bes the weight of eight ounces , Cres one of Creta , pres a suretie , & and pes a soote , glis a dormouse , habens hauing gliris genetivo in the genetiue case , mos a manner , flos a flower , ros the deaw , & and Tios a man of Troy , mus a mouse ▪ dens a tooth , mons a mountaine , pons a bridge , simul & and also fons a spring , seps pro serpente a serpent , gryps a griffia , Thrax a Thrac●an , rex a king , grex gregis a slo●ke of Cattell , & and Phryx a man of Phrygia . Etiam also polysyllaba nounes of many ●yllables in n , sunt are mascula masculines , ut as Acarnan a hill by Athens , lichen the hearbe buer wort , & and delphin a dolphin , & in o and which and in o signantia signifying corpus a bodie , ut as Leo a Lyon , Curculio a Weasell , sic so senio the sise point , ternio the trey point sermo a word or speech . In er , or & os , nounes ending in er or and os mascula are masculine , ceu as crater a standing piece or cup , conditor a builder , heros a noble man , sic so torrens a brook● , nefrens a yong pig , ●riens the East , cum pluribus with many in dens , quale such as is bidens , quando when reperitur , pro instrumento it signifieth a dung-forke , adde adde gigas a giant , elephas an elephant , adamas a diamond , que and Garamas an inhabitant of Africke , tapes tapestrie , atque and lebes a cauldron , Cures a Townes name , magnes a stone that draweth iron unto it , que and vnum nomen one noune quintae of the fift declension meridies noone or the midday . Et also quae nounes which componuntur are compounded ab asse of as a pound weight , ut as dodrans nine ounces , semis halfe a pound , jungantur mascula let these masculines be added , Samnis a Samnite , hydrops the dropsie , nycticorax a night rauen , thorax the brest , & and mascula these masculines , vervex a belweather , phoenix a phenix , & and bombyx pro vermiculo a silke worme . Attamen yet ex his of these , syren a mermaid , mulier a woman , soror a sister , vxor a wife , sunt are muliebre genus the feminine gender . ET also haec nomina these nounes monosyllaba of one syllable sunt are neutralia neuters , mel honie , fel gall , lac milk , far bread corne , ver the spring time , cor a heart , aes brasse , vas vasis a vessell , os ossis a bone , & and os oris a mouth , rus the countrie , thus frankincense , jus right , crus the leg from the knee to the ancle , pus snot . Et and polysyllaba of many sillables , in al què and in ar , ut as capital a ribon or coife , laquear a vauted roofe of a chamber : halec a berring . neutrum is the neuter gender & and muliebre the feminine . HAec these nounes sunt are dubia the doubtfull gender , python a prophecying spirit , scrobs a dit●h , serpens a serpent , bubo an owle , rudens a cable rope , grus a crane , perdix a partridge , lynx a spotted beast , limax , a snaile , stirps pro trunco a stumpe of a tree , & and calx pedis the heele , adde adde thou dies a day , tantùm onely esto let it bee mas masculine secundo numero in the plurall number . SVnt these are commune the common of two , parens a father or mother , què and author a beginner , infans an infant , adolescens , a youth , dux a captaine , illex a lawlesse bodie , haeres an heire , exlex a lawlesse bodie , creata the compounds à of fronte a forehead , ut as bi●rons one which hath a double forehead , custos a keeper , bos an oxe , bull , or cow , fur a thiefe , sus a sow , atque and sacerdos a priest or nunne . SI if penultima the last syllable saue one genetivi of the genitiue case crescentis increasing sit bee gravis short , ut as sanguis bloud genetivo in the genitiue case sanguinis , nomen that noune est is mas a masculine . SIt hyperdyssyllabon let a noune of more than two sillables bee foeminei generis the feminine gender in do , quod which maketh dinis , atque and in go , quod which dat giveth ginis in genitivo in the genetiue case , dulcedo sweetnesse fac●ens making dulcedinis monstrat id tibi doth shew that , què and compago a ioynt compaginis id that : Adjice adde to these virgo a maide , grando haile fides faith , compes a paire of fetters , teges a matte , & and se . ges standing corne , arbor a tree , què and hyems winter : sic so bacchar the hearbe Ladie gloues , sindon fine linnen cloath , Gorgon a certaine terrible woman , Icon an Image , & and Amazon a Woman of Schythia . Graecula Gre●ke nounes finita ending in as vel or in is , ut as lampas a lampe , iaspis a Iasper stone , cassis an helmet , cuspis a point of speare : vox una one word in us pecus cattell dans making pecudis in the genetiue case . Adde adde thou his to these , for fex a paire of sheares , pellex an harlot to a wedded man , carex sedge , simul at que and also supellex houshold stuffe , appendix a p●int-house , hiftrix a porcupike , coxendix an hippe , que and filix fearne . NOmen a noune in a signas signifying rem a thing non animatam without life est is neutrale genus the neuter gender , ut as problema a hard question : en , ut as omen forespeaking ; ar , ut as jubar the sunne-beame ; dans ending in ur , ut as jecur the liuer ; us , ut as onus a burden ; put , ut as occiput the hin der part of the head . Attamen yet ex his of these pecten a combe , fur fur bran , sunt mascula are masculine . Sunt these are neutra neuters , cadauer a dead carcase , verber a stripe , iter a iourney , suber corke , tuber pro fungo a ●oad stoole , & and uber a dugge gingiber ginger , & and laser the hearbe Beniamin , cicer an Italian pease , & and piper pepper , at que and papaver poppie . & and siler a parsenip , atque and siler anosier , Aequor the Sea , marmor marble , què and ador wheat , neutra are neuters , atque and pecus cattell , quando when facit it maketh pecoris in genetivo in the genetiue cafe . SVnt these are dubij generis the doubtfull gender , cardo the hinge of a doore , margo the brim of any thing , cinis ashes , obex a bolt of a doore , pulvis dust , adeps fatnesse , forceps a paire of tongs , pumex a pumice stone , ramex burstennes anas a ducke or a drake , imbrex a gutter tile : adde adde culex a gnatte , natrix a water serpent , & and onyx the naile of a mans hand , cum prole with his compound , què and silex a flint , quamuis although usus vse vult will meliùs rather hee that these nounes dicier bee called mascula masculines . ISta these nounes sunt are communis generis the common of two genders , vigil a watchman or watch-woman , pugil a champion , exul a banished man or woman , praesul a president , homo a man or woman , nemo no body , martyr a martyr , Lygur one of Lyguria , Augur a soothsayer , & and Arcas one of Arcadia , antistes chiefe among others , miles a souldier , pedes a footman , interpres an interpreter , comes a companion , hospes an host or an hostesse ; sic so ales any great bird , praeses a chiefe ruler , princeps a prince , auceps a fowler , eques a horseman , obses a pledge in warre , atque and multa alia nomina many other nounes quae which creantur are deriued à verbis of verbes , ut as conjux a husband or wife , judex a iudge , vindex a reuenger , opifex a workeman , & and aruspex a soothsayer . ADjectiva adiectiues habentia hauing unam vocem one termination duntaxat only , ut as foelix happie , audax bol● , retinent keep omne genus euery gender sub una in one ending : Si if cadant they fall sub gemina voce in a double termination , velut as omnis & omne all , vox prior the former word est is commune the commen duûm of two , vox altera the second , neutrum the neuter . At but si if variant they varie tres voces three endings , ut as sacer sacra sacrum holy , vox prima the first word est is mas masculine , altera the second foeminea feminine , tertia the third neutrum neuter . At but sunt there are nounes quae which vocares you may call propè in a manner substantiva subslantiues flexu by declining , tamen notwithstanding reperta they are found adjectiva adiectiues natura by nature què and usu by vse : Talia such sunt are pauper poore , puber ripe of age , cum with degener waxing out of kinde , uber plentifull , & and dives rich , locuples wealthie , sofpes safe , comes a companion , atque and supe●stes one that ouerliueth , cum paucis alijs with a few others , quae which lectio justa diligent reading docebit will teach . Haec these nounes gaudent asciscere sibi will haue proprium quendam flexum a certaine proper declining : Campester of the plaine field , volucer fwift , celeber famous , celer swift , atque and saluber wholesome . Iunge adde pedester belonging to a footeman , equester belonging to a horseman , & and acer sharpe . Iunge adde paluster belonging to a marsh , ac and alacer chearefull , sylvester belonging to the wood : at but sic thus tu variabis thou shalt decline haec these nounes , hic celer in the masculine gender , haec celeris in the feminine , neutro in the neuter hoc celere , aut or aliter otherwise sic thus , hic atque haec celeris in the masculine and feminine , rursum againe hoc celere est tibi neurrum is the neuter gender . Quae genus construed . De nominibus Heteroclitis Thomae Robersoni . SVnto let these nounes bee Heteroclita Heteroclites quae which variant doe varie genus gender aut or flexum declension , quaecunque and whatsoeuer deficiunt doe want , superantve or haue ●uermuch , no●ato ritu after a new order . Cernis thou seest haec these variantia changing genus gender ac and partim partly flexum declension , Pergamus infoelix urbs the vnhappie Citie Troum of the Troians gignit maketh Pergama : Quod which thing ipsa the word it selfe supellex houshold-stuffe facit doth nisi except careat it want plurali the plurall number . Singula these being singulars gaudēt foemine●s are feminines . Pluralia being plurals neutris neuters . Prior numerus the singular number dat giueth his to these nounes genus neutrū the neuter gender , alter the plurall vtrumque both masculine and neuter : Rastrum a rake , cum with fraeno a bridle filum thread simul atquè and also capistrum an headstall , item also Argos a towne in Greece , & and coelum heauen , singula being singulars sūt are neutra neuters : sed but audi marke vocitabis thou shalt call coelos & Argos in the plurall number duntaxat onely mascula masculine ▪ sed but fraena neuter & and fraenos masculine , quo pacto after which sort & also formant they forme caetera the rest : Nundinum a faire & hinc and also epulum a banquet , quibus vnto which addito adde thou balneum a bath , & and haec these sunt are neutra neuters , quidem indeede primo in the plurall number , rite by custome muliebria f●minines secundo in the plurall . Constat it is certaine Iuuenalem habere that Iuuenal hath balnea baths plurall in the plurall number . HAec these nounes singularia being singidars , dantur maribus are masculines , plurima being plurals neutris neuters , Maenalus an hill in Arcadia , atque and sacermons the sacred mountaine Dyndimus a top of Ida by Tr●y , Isma●us a mountaine in Thracia . atque and Tartara hell Tayg●tus an hill in Laced●monia , , sic so Tenera a Promontorie in L●conia , Massica a Mountaine in Campania , & and altus gargarus the high top of the hill Ida. At but alter numerus the plurall number dabit will giue his to these nounes vtrumque genus both genders , sibilus an hissing atque and ●ocus sport , locus a place , & and Campanus auernus a lake of Campanla in Itali● . Propago the remnant quae which sequitur followeth est is manca maimed numero in number casûve or in case . Vocabis thou shalt call those nounes Aptôta , quae which variât alter nullū casū no case , ut as fas right , nil nothing , nihil nothing , instar like , & and multa many in u simul i , in u & i , ut as haec these sunt bee què both cornu a horne , què & genu a knee , sic so gūmi gum frugi thrifty , sic so tēpe a very faire field in Thessalia , tot so many , quot how many & & omnes numeros all nounes of nūber , ● tribus from three ad centum to an hundred . QVè and nomē a noune est is monoptôtō , cui to which vox una one word cadit happeneth ceu as noctu by night , natu by birth , jussu by bidding , injussu without bidding simul also ast●● by craft promptu with speed , permissu by sufferāce , legimus we reade a stus plurali in the plural nūber , legimus we read inficias a deniall , sed but vox ea that word est is sola onely reperta found . SVnt these bee diptôta quibus to which duplex flexura a double declining remansit remaineth , ut as fo rs hap dabit will giue forte sexto in the ablatiue case , queque also spontis of his owne accord sponte : Sic so plus more habet hath pluris , repetundarū of br●bery repetundis , & and jugeris of an acre dat giueth jugere sexto in the ablatiue case : autem but verberis of a stripe verbere , quoque also suppetiae ayde dant maketh suppetias quarto in the accusatiue case , tantundem as much dat giueth tâtidem , simul also impetis of violence dat giueth hoc impete : Iunge adde vicem by turne sexto in the ablatiue case vice ; nec neither lego doe I reade plura moe : haec quatuor these foure verberis of a stripe , at què and vicem by turne , sic so plus more cum with jugere an acre tenuere haue kept cunctos casus all their cases numero secundo in the plurall number . VOcantur they are called triptôta , quibus wherein inflectis thou deest decline tres casus three cases , ut as precis prayer , atque and precem , & and blandus a kind man petit amicam wo●s his loue prece by entreatie ; sic in like manner legis thou readest opis est nostrae it is in our power , fer opem helpe thou at què and dignus ope worthy of helpe . At but frugis of fruit tantùm onely caret wanteth recto the nominatiue case , & also ditionis of title : vis force est is vox integra a perfit word , nisi except fortè ▪ perhaps dativus the datiue case desit bee wanting prior numerus the singular number mutilus is vnpsrfect omnibus his in all these , alter the plurall integer is whole . Quae referunt relatiues : ut as qui which , quae percōtantur interrogatiues ut as ecquis who : & and quae distribuunt distributiues , ut as nullus none , neuter neither of two , & and omnis all : infinita nounes indefinites solent are wont iungi to be ioyned his to these , ut as quilibet euery one , alter another : Haec these saepé often carent doe want quinto casu the vocatiue case . Et and pronomina the pronounes praeter except haec quatuor these foure , infra following , noster ours nostras of our countrey , meus mine & and tu thou . Notes you may obserue propria cuncta all proper names quibus est which haue natura coercens a restraining nature , ne fuerint that they shall not bee plurima plurals , ut as Mars the heathenish God of battell , Cato the name of a wise man in Rome , Gallia Frāce , Roma Rome , Ida an hill by Troy. Tagus a riuer in Portugall , Lelaps a dogs name , Parnassus an hill in Phocis , què and Bucephalus the horse of Alexander the great . Dabis thou shalt adde his to these frumenta bread-corne , pensa Tow or Wooll on a distaffe , herbas hearbe● , uda moist things , metalla metals in quibus in which ipse requiras thou maist search quae what sint are placita the pleasures authorum of authors , Est there is a time vbi when haec these retinent keepe pluralem the plurall number , est there is a time also vbi when spernunt they haue it not . HOrdea barley , farra breadcorne , forum a market , mel honie , mulsum wine mingled with honie , defruta wine sodden till the third part bee boiled away . què and thus frankincense , pluralia being plurals servant they keepe tantùm only tres similes voces three like cases . Hesperus the euening starre , et and vesper the euening , pontus the sea , que and limus mud , que and fimus dung , sic so penus all victuals meate and drinke , & and sanguis blood sic so aether the skie , nemo no bodie : sed but Ista mascula these masculines vix sunt excedentia scarcely exceede numerum primum the singular number . SIngula these singulars foeminei generis of the feminine gender , rarò seldome pluralia are plurals , pubes ripenesse of age , atquc and salus health , sic so talio like for like , cum with indole towardnesse , tussis the cough , pix pitch , humus the ground atque and lues a murren , sitis thirst , & and fuga a flying away , iunge adde quietem rest , sic so cholera choler , atque and fames hunger : què and bilis melancholie , senecta olde age ▪ juventus youth Sed but tamen yet haec these nounes soboles an of spring , labes a spot , vt as & also omnia all quintae of the fifidcclension saepe often tenebunt will keepe plurali in the plurall number tres similes casus , three like cases , excipe except res a thing , species a kind , facies a face , que and acies an edge que and dies a day , quas voces which words licet may esse be totas whole secundo numero in the plurall number . Solent they are wont nectere to adde istis to these multa muliebria many feminines : ut as haec these sunt are stultitia foolishnesse , invidia enuie , & and sapientia wisedome , desidia sloath , at que and innumerae voces innumerable words id genus of this sort , quas which lectio reading praebet yeeldeth quam prefixam tibi which set before thee collige gather together ceu as certum filum a sure guiding thread . Adde put rariùs very seldome secundum numerum the plurall number his to these nounes , sed but yet quandoque sometimes . NEc neither licet may wee deferre giue secundum numerum the plurall number his neutris to these neuters : Delicium the thing wherein wee delight , senium olde age , lethum death , què and coenum dirt , què and salum the Sea : Sic so barathrum a place taken for hell , virus poison vitrum glasse , què and viscum birdlime , què and penum prouision of victuals , iustitium vacation or out of Tearme , nihilum nothing , ver the spring , lac milke , gluten glue : simul also halec an herring , adde adde gelu a frost , solium a seate of state or throne , iubar a sun beame : hic here quoque also ponas thou maist put multa talia many such , quae which si if observes thou obseruest , occurrent will come tibi legenti to thee as thou readest . MAscula these masculines sunt are contenta contented tantùm onely numero secundo with the plurall number , manes spirits , maiores ancestors , cancelli latices , Liberi children & and antes the vttermost ranks of vines , menses profluvium womens monethly flowers , lemures hobgoblins fasti a register for things of the yeare , atque and minores posteritie , cum when natales assignant signifie genus a stock , adde adde Penates the heathnish houshold gods , & and loca places , plurali in the plurall number quales such as bee què both Gabij a citie in Italic que and Locri people of Locris , & and quaecunque whatsoeuer legas thou readest passim in any place similis rationis of the like sort . HAec these noune● sunt are foemineigeneris the feminine gender què and numeri secūdi the plurall number : exuviae things which are put off , phalerae horse trapping , què and grates thanks , manubiae spoiles taken in war , & and idus the Ides of a moneth , antiae forelockes & and induciae a truce , simul also , què both insidiae a lying in waite , què and minae threatnings excubiae watch and ward , nonae the nones of a moneth , nugae trifles , que and tricae trifling gewgawes , calendae the calends , quisquiliae the sweepings & refuse of things , thermae baths , cunae the cradies of Infants , dirae cursings , quae and exequiae solemnities at burials , inferiae heathenish sacrifices done to spirits & and feriae holy daies , sic so que both primitiae the first fruites , que and plagae signantes signifying retia nets & and valuae folding doores , que & diviriae riches , nuptiae mariage , item & and also lactes the small guts , addantur let there bee added Thaebae the Citie of Thebes , & and Athenae Athens quod genus of which sort inuenias thou maist finde & also plura nomina moe names locorum of places . HAec neutra these neuters legūtur are read plurali , in the plurall number , rariùs ve●y seldome primo in the singular : moenia the walles of a Citie , cum with tesquis rough places , praecordia the midrisfe , lustra the dennes ferarum of wilde beasts , arma weapons , mapalia cottages sic so bellaria iuncats , munia a dutie , castra a ●●mpe or tent , fu●●s a funerall petit requireth iusta ceremonies , & and virgo a maid petit requireth sponsalia betrotbings , disertus an eloquent man amat loueth rostra a pulpit , que and pueri children gestant carrie crepundia rattels to play withall , que and infantes infants colunt loue cunabula cradles , augur the southsayer consulit asketh counsell of extra the entrals , & and absolvens finishing recantat muttereth effata prayers superis to the imagined gods : festa the feasts deûm of the heathenish gods , ceu as Bacchanalia feasts dedicated to Baschus , poterunt may iungi be ioyned : quod si if then leges thou shalt read plura moe licet reponas thou mayest put them quoquè also hac classe in this rule . HAec these nounes imitantia imitating varias formas diuers formes quasi luxuriant doe as it were exceede , nam for tonitrus tonitruque thunder variant doe varie & both genus their gender & and vocem their termination , sic so clypeus clypeum a buckler baculus baculum atque bacillum a staffe , sensus a sense , & hoc sensum the conceit of the mind , tignus tignumque a rafter : tapetū atque tapete tapes tapestry punctus punctumquè a point , sinapi mustard-seed quod which immutans changing genus his gender , fertur is called scelerata sinapis biting mustard , sinus & hoc sinum vas lactis a milke-boule or milking-paile , mendàquè mendum a fault , viscus & hoc viscum birdlime ▪ Sic so cornu an horne , & and flexile cornum the bending horne : at but Lucanus Lucan ait saith tibi cura haue a care cornus sinistri of the left wing of the armie : eventus simul also eventum an euent : Sed but quid moror why stay I istis in these ? lectio the reading doctorum of learned authors ministrat affoordeth tibi vnto thee talia millc a thousand such . SEd but praetereà further quaedam ▪ Graeca some Greeke nounes sunt tibi notanda are to be noted of thee , quae which peperêre haue brought forth foetum Latinum a new Latine word , quarto casu from the accusatiue case : nam for panther a panther creat maketh panthera in the accusatiue case , què and crater a standing piece cratera , cassis an helmet habet hath cassida : sed but & also aether the skie fundit makes aethera ; hinc hence venit commeth cratera a standing peece , aethera the skie venit commeth , sic euenso cassida magna a great helmet tegit couereth caput ipsum the h●ad , nec neither vult will panthera the panther domari be tamed . REctus the naminatiue case vertitur is varied his in these , sensus the signification manet remaineth & and v●um genus one gender : gibbus & hic gibber , a b●nch in ones backe , cucumis cucumer a cucumber , stipis & stips wages , sic so cinis atque ciner ashes , vomis vomer a plow share , scobis & scobs saw dust or pin dust , item also pulvis pulver dust , pubes puber ripenesse of age . Quibus to which addes thou shalt adde quae nonnes which pariunt bring forth or & os honor honour , & and labor labour , arbor a tree , què and odor scent or sauour , Et also his thou shalt adde to these apes & apis a Bee , plebs plebis the common people , quoqu● also sunt there are multa many accepta receiued à Graecis from the Gre●kes referentia expressing geminam formam a double for me : ut as delphin delphinus a Dolphin , & and hic elephase lephantus an elephant ▪ sic so congrus cōger a conger , sic so Meleagrus Meleager a mans name item also Tencrus Teucer a King of Troy : & also dabis thou shall adde huc hither caetera cuncta all other quae which par ratio the like reason , & and lectio cas●a diligent reading dederint shall giv● tibi vnto thee . HAec these simul together sunt are & both quarti flexus the fourth declension atquè and secundi the second ; enim for laurus a lawrell tree facit maketh genetivo in the genetiue case lauii & laurus , sic so quercus an ●ake , pinus a pine , ficus pro fructu for a figge , ac and arbo●e a fig-tree , sic so colus a distasse atquè and penus prouision of victuals , cornus quando when a●bor habetur it is taken for a cornell tree : sic so lacus a lake , atquè and domus an house , licèt although haec this ne● recurrat be not to be found vbique in euery case : quoquè also leges thou shall reade plura moe his then these : quae which jure by right relinquas thou mayst leave priscis to old authors . ET and sunt there are multa adiectiua many adiectiues quae which luxu●iant abound notanda to be noted , sed but in primis first of all quot as many as & also haec nomina these nounes tibi fundunt doe bring forth : arma weapons , jugum a ●oake , nervus a sinew , somnus sleepe , què and clivus the steepe side of an hill ; què and animus a minde , & and quot as many as limus mud habet hath quot as many as , froenum a bridle . & and cera waxe , bacillum a s●asse , a quibus of which formes thou mayest forme us simul is both us and is , ut as inermus inermis vnw●aponed : ast but hilatus merrie , rarior is verie rare , hilaris est is vox a word benè not a well knowne . As in praesenti construed . AS the termination as in praesenti in the present tense format formeth perfectum the preterperfect tense in avi●ut as no ●as to swim navi , vocito vocitas to call often vocitavi : deme except lavo to wash lavi , juvo to helpe juvi què and nexo to knit nexüi , & and seco to cut quod which maketh secüi , neco to kill , quod which maketh necüi : verbum the verbe mico to shine quod which maketh micüi , plico to fold , quod which maketh plicüi , fric● to rub quod which dat giues fricüi , sic so domo to make tame quod which maketh domüi , tono to thunder quod which maketh tonüi , verbum the verbe sono to sound quod which maketh sonüi , crepo to give a crack quod which maketh crcpüi , veto to forbid quod which dat giueth vetüi ; atque and cubo to lie downe cubüi haec these verbes raro formantur are seldome formed in avi . Do das to giuc ritè by right dedi : sto stas to stand vult will formare forme steti . ES the termination es in praesenti in the present tense format formeth perfectum the preterperfect tense dans giuing üi , vt as nigreo nigres to wax blacke nigrüi excipe except iubeo to command iussi , sorbeo to sup any liquid thing habet hath s●rbüi quoquè also sorpsi mulceo to asswage mulsi , luceo to shine vult will haue luxi , sedeo to sit sedi , què and video to see vult will haue vidi ; sed but prādeo to dine prandi , strideo to make a noyse stridi , Syllaba prima the first Syllable geminatur is doubled his quatuor in these foure infrà following , namque for pendeo to hang pependi , què and mordeo to bite vult will habere haue momordi , spondeo to promise freely or betroth spospondi , què and tond ●o to clip or sheere vult will haue totondi : suadeo to counsell suasi : rideo to laugh risi & and ardeo to burne habet hath arsi . Si if l vel r , l or r stet stand ante before geo , geo vertitur is turned in si into siut as urgeo to vrge ursi , mulgeo to milke mulsi dat it giucth quoquè also mulxi , frigeo to bee celd frixi , lugeo to lament luxi & & augeo to encrease habet hath auxi , fleo fles to weepe dat giueth fleui , leo les to anoint levi , què and natum the compound indè there of deleo to put out delevi , pleo ples to fill plevi , neo to spin nevi Mansi formatur is formed à of maneo to tarrie , torqueo to wrest torsi , haereo to sticke fast vult will haue haesi , veo fit is made vi , ut as ferveo to bee hot fervi , niveo to winke or be●ken & and satum the compound indè thereof conniveo to winke with the eyes poscit requireth nivi & nixi , cieo to trouble civi : què and vieo to bind vievi . TErtia the third coniugation formabit will forme praeteritum the preterperfect tense ut as manifestū is manifest hic here . Bo fit is made bi , ut as lambo to lick● lambi , : excipe except scribo to write scripsr , & and nubo to he married nupsi , antiquum the old verbe cumbo to lie downe dat giueth cubüi . Co fit is made ci , ut as vinco to ouercome vici , parco to spare vult will haue peperci & parsi , dico to soy dixi , quoque also duco to lead duxi , Do fit is made di , ut as mádo to eat mandi : sed but seindo to cut dat giueth scidi findo to cleaue fidi , fundo to powre out , fudi , que and tundo tokno●ke tutudi , pendo to weigh pependi , tendo to bend retendi , pedo to breake winde backeward pepêdi ; iunge ioyne thou cado so fall cecidi , caedo pro verbero to beate cecidi , cedo pro discedere to depart sive or locum dare to giue place cessi Vado to go rado to shaue , laedo to hurt , ludo to play , divido to deuide , trudo to thrust , claudo to shut , plaudo to clap hands for ioy , rodo to gnaw ex of do the termination semper alwaies faciunt make si . Go fit is made xi , ut as iungo to ioyne iunxi : sed but r the letter ante before go , vult will haue si , ut as spargo to sprinkle sparsi , lego to reade legi & and ago to doc facit maketh egi , tango to touch dat giueth tetigi , pūgo to prick punxi que and pupugi frango to breake dat giueth fregi , cùm when pango signat signifieth pacisci to ▪ make a couenant vult it will haue pepigi , pro iungo to ioyne pegi pro cano to sing pāxi . Ho fit is made xi , cèu as traho to draw traxi docet teacheth & and veho to caric vevi . Lo fit is made uicèu as colo to worship colüi excipe except psallo to sing cū p with p , & & sallo to seasōwith salt sine p without p : nam for vtrumque both format forme salli , vello to pluoke vp dat giueth velli quoquè also vuisi , fallo to deoeiue fefelli , cello pro frango to break● seculi què and pello to driue out pepuli . Mo fit is made üi , cèu as vomo to vomit vomüi , sed but emo to buy facit maketh emi como to kembe petit requireth compsi , promo to draw out prompsi , adijce adde thou demo to take away quod which format formeth dēpsi , sumo to take sumpsi , premo to presse pressi No fit is made vi , cèu as sino to suffer sivi : excipe except temno to contemne tempsi : sterno to straw dat giueth stravi , sperno to despise sprevi , lino to smeare ouer levi , interdum sometime lini & livi , quoque also cerno to discerne crevi , gigno in get , pono to put cano to sing , dant giue genüi , posüi cocini . Po fit is made psi : ut as seaspo to scratch scalpsi : excipe except rumpo to breake rupi , & and strepo to make a noise with hands and feete , quod which format formeth strepüi , crepo to giue a cracke quod which dat giueth crepüi . Quo fit is made qui : ut as linquo to leaue liqui , demito except coquo to secth co xi , Ro fit is made vi cell us sero pro planto to plant & and semino to sow sevi , quod which mutans changing significatum the signisication dat giueth melius better serüi , verro to brush vult will haue verri & versi , uro to burne ussi gero to beare gessi , quaero to seeke quaesiui , tero to weare trivi , curro to runne cucurri . So formabit w●ll forme sivi , velut as accerso to goe to call arcesso the same , lacesso to reuile , atquè and incesso to proucke one in speech . Sed but tolle except capesso to take capessi quodque which also facit maketh capessivi atque and facesso to go aboue to do facessi sic so viso to goe to see visi , sed but pinso to bake habebit w●ll haue pinsui , Sco fit is made vi , ut as pasco to feed pavi , posco to require vult w●ll haue poposci disco to learne vult wil sormare forme didici , quinisco to nod with the head quexi To fit is made ti , ut as verto to turne verti , sed but notetur activū sisto let this verbe actiue sisto bee marked pro facio stare to make to stand , nam for dat it giueth jure by right stiti , sterto to snort habet hath stertüi , meto to mow messüi . Ab of ecto fit is made exi , vt as flecto to bend flexi , pecto to kembe dat giueth pexüi habetque and it hath pexi , etiam also necto to knit dat giueth nexüi habet it hath quoque also nexi , mitto to send dat giueth misi peto to aske petij siue or petivi Vo fit is made vi ut as voluo to roll volvi , excipe except vivo to liue vixi Vt as nexo to knit habet hath nexüi , sic se texo to weaue habebit will haue texüi . Cio fit is made ci , ut as facio to do feci quoquè also jacio to cast jeci : antiquū the old verbe lacio to allure or entice lexi , quoque also specio to see spexi . Dio fit is made di ut as fodio to dig fodi , gio gi , ceu as fugio to flie Pio fit is made pi , ut as capio to take cepi , excipe except cupio to couet pivi , & and rapio to snatch rapüi , sapio to be wise sapüi at que and sapivi . Rio fit is made ri , ut as pario to bring forth young peperi . Tio ssi geminas doubling ● . ut as quatio to shake quassi quod the which vix scarcely reperitur is found in usu in vse Denique lastly , üo fit is made üi , ut as statüo to appoint statüi , pluo to raine format formeth pluvi sive or plüi , sed but struo to build struxi , fluo to flow fluxi . QVarta the fourth coniugation dat giueth is , in the second person , ivi , in the preterperfect tense scio scis to know monstrat tibi sh●weth scivi : excipias except venio to come dans giuing veni , cambio to exchange campsi , raucio to be hoarse rauci , farsio to stuffe farsi , sarcio to patch sarsi , sepio to hedge sepo , sensio eo perceiue sensi , fulcio to vnderprop fulsi , item also haurio to draw hausi , sancio to establish sanxi vincio to bind vinxi , salio pro salto to leape salüi , & and amicio to cloath dat giueth amicüi : utemur wee shall use parciùs seldome cambivi I haue exchanged , haurivi I haue drawne , amicivi I haue cloathed , sepivi I haue hedged , sanxivi I haue established , sarsivi I haue patched , atquè and salivi I haue leaped . SImplex the simple verbe & and compositivum the compound dat giueth idem praeteritum the same preterperfect tense , ut as docui I haue taught , edocui I haue taught perfectly , mon strat sheweth : Sed but syllaba the syllable , quā which simplex the simple Verbe semper geminat doth alwayes double non geminatur is not doubled composto in the compound praeterquā except his tribus in these three , praecurro to runne before , excurro to runne out , repungo to pricke againe , atque and ritè creatis in verbes rightly compounded a of do to giue , disco to learne , sto to stand posco to require . Compositum the compound à of plico to folde cum sub with this preposition sub vel or nomine a noune ut as ista these , supplico to beseech , multiplico to multiply gaudet reicyceth formare to fo●me p●●cavi , applico to apply , complico to fold vp , replico to vnfold : & and explico to declare üi vel in avi doe make üi or avi . Quamuis although simplex the simple Verbe oleo to sauour or smell vult will haue olüi , tamèn neuerthelesse quodvis compositum euery compound indè therof formabit will forme meliùs rather olevi ; at but redolet to cast a strong smel sequitur doth follow formam the forme simplicis of the simple Verbe , què and subolet to smell a little . Omnia composita all the compounds à of pungo to pri●ke , formabunt will forme punxi , vnum one repungo to pricke again vult will haue pupugi interdùmque and sometimes repunxi . Natum the compound à of do to giue quando when est it is inflexio tertia the third coniugation , ut as addo to adde , credo to beleeue , edo to set forth , dedo to yeeld , reddo to restore , perdo to lose , abdo to hide , vel or obdo to thrust against , cōdo to build indo to put in , trado to deliuer , prodo to betray , vendo to sell , didi : at but unum one abscondo to hide abscondi . Natum the compound à of sto stas to stand habebit will haue stiti . SI if Vexba haec simplicia these simple verbes componantur be compounded , mutant they change vocalem primam the first vowell praesentis ▪ of the present tense praeteritiquè and of the preterperfect , tense in e into e , damno to condemne , lacto to giue sucke , sacro to dedicate . fallo to deceiue ar●eo to driue away , tracto to handle , fatiscor to bee weary , partio to deuide , carpo to croppe , patro to commit , scando to climbe : spargo to sprinkle , què and pario to bring forth young , cuius whose duo nata two compounds cōperit to know for certaine , & and reperit to find by aduenture , dant giue peri , sed but caetera the rest perui , velut as haec these aperire to open , operire to couer . A of pasco to feede pavi , notentur haec duo composta let these two compounds be marked , habere to haue pescui tantùm onely , compesco to pasture together , dispesco to driue beasts from pasture : caetera the rest , ut as epasco to eate vp , seruabunt will keepe usum the vse simplicis of the simple Verbe . HAec these , habeo to haue , lateo to lie hid , salio to leape , statuo to appoint , cado to fall , laedo to hurt , pango to ioyne , dans making pegi , cano to sing , quaero to seeke , caedo cecidi to beat , tango to touch , egeo to want or stand in need , teneo to hold , taceo to hold ones peace , sapio to bee wise , què and rapio to snatch , si if componantur they bee compounded , mutant they change vocalem primam the first vowell in i into i , ut as rapio to snatch , rapüieripio to take away by force eripüi . Natum a compound à of cano to sing dat giueth praeteritum the preterpersect tense per üi by üi , cèu as concino to sing together in one tune dat giueth concinüi , sic euen so displicio to displease à of placeo to please : sed but haec duo th●se two complaceo to please well cum with perplaceo to please very much benè servant do k●epe well usum the vse simplicis of the simple verbe Ista quatuor composita these foure compounds à of pango to ioyne retinent a keepe a , depango to plant , oppango to ●●yne , circumpango to fast●n about , at què and ●epango to set . Ista quatuor these foure compounds à of manco mansi to tarry dant giue minüi , praemineo to excell others , emineo to appeare before others , cum with promineo to hang out in fight , què and immineo to hang ouer : at but caetera the rest seruabunt will keep formam the form simplicis ve●bi of the simple verbe . Composita the compounds à of scalpo to scratch , calco to tread vpon , salto to leape or dance , mutant do change a per u a into u , exculpo to carue or engraue , inculeo often to repeate , resulto to rebound , demonstrant shew id that tibi to thee . Composita the compounds à of claudo to shut , quatio to shake , lavo to wash , reijciunt a cast away a , à of claudo to shut , docet sheweth id that , occludo to shut fast , excludo to shut out , què and à of quatio to shake , percutio to smite , excutio to smite out , nata the compounds à of lavo to wash , prolüo all to wash , dilüo to purge with washing . SI if componas thou dost compound haec these verbes ago to doo , emo to buy , sedeo to sit , rego to rule frango to breake , & and capio to take , iacio to cast , lacio to allure or entice , specio to behold , premo to presse , semper alwayes sibi mutant they change vocalem primam the first vowell praesentis os the present tense in i , into i , nunquàm neuer praeteriti of the praeterperfect tense , ceu as frango to breake , refringo to breake open refregi Incipio to begin incepi à of capio to take . Sed but pauca notentur let a few be marked , namquè for perago to finish sequitur doth follow suum simplex his simple , què and also satago to bee busie or to doe with speede : atquè and ab of ago to doe dego to liue , dat giueth degi , cogo to comp●ll coëgi . Sic , euen so a of rego to rule , pergo to goe forward perrexi , quo què also surgo to arise vult vvill haue sur ▪ rexi , media syllaba the middle syllable praesentis of the present tense adempta being taken away . Facio to doe variat doth change nil nothing nisi vnlesse praeposito praeunte when a preposition goeth before , olfacio to smell out docet teacheth id that , cum with calfacio to make hot , què and inficio to infect Nata the compound à of lego to read , re , se , per , prae , sub , trans , praeunte going before , seruant do keep vocalem the vowell praesentis of the present tense ; caetera the rest mutant doe change it in i into i , de quibus of vvhich haec these intelligo to vnderstand , diligo to loue , negligo to neglect , tantùm onely faciunt make praeteritum their preterperfect tense lexi , omnia reliqua all the rest legi . NVnc now dis●as thou maist learne formare to forme supinum the supine ex praeterito of the preterperfect tense . Bi format sibi formeth tum in the supine , namquè for sic so bibi to drinke fit is made bibitum . Ci fit is made ctum , ut as vici to ouercome victum , & and ici to smite testatur sheweth that dans giuing ictum , feci to doe factum , quoquè also ieci to cast ●actum . Di fit is made sum , ut as vidi to see vi suni ; quaedam some geminant ss double ss , ut as pan●i to ●pen passum , sedi to s● sessum ▪ adde adde thou scidi to cut quod which dat giueth scissum atquè and fidi to cleaue sissum , quoque also fodi to digge fossum . Hic beere etiam also advertas thou mayest marke , quòd that syllaba prima the first syllable , quam which praeteritum the preterperfect tense vult geminari will haue doubled non geminatur is not doubled supinis in the supines , què and totōdi to clip or sheare docet teacheth id that dans giuing tonsum , atquè and cecîdi to beate quod which maketh caesum , & and cecidi to fall quod which dat giueth casum , atquè and tetēdi to bend quod which maketh tensum & tentum , tududi to knocke tunsum atquè and pepêdi to bre●ke wind backward , quòd which format formeth peditū : adde adde thou dedi to giue quod which iure by right vult will haue datum . Gi fit is made ctum , ut as legi to reade lectum , pegi to ioyne ▪ què and pepigi to make a bargaine dat giueth pactum , fregi , to breake fractum , quoqè also tetigi to touch tactum , egi to do actum , pupugi to pricke punctum , fugi to flee dat giueth fugitum . Li fit is made sum , ut salli stans pro condio sale signifying to season with salt salsum , pepuli to driue out dat giueth pulsum , ceculi to breake culsum atque and fefeli to deceiue falsum , velli to plucke vp dat giueth vulsum , quoquè also tuli to beare habet hath latum . Mi , ni , pi , qui , these terminations of the praeterperfect tense fiunt are made tum , velut as manifestum is manifest hic here : emt to buy emptum , veni to come ventum , cecini a cano to sing cantum , cepi à capio to take dans giuing captum , à coepio to begin coeptum , rupi à rumpo to breake ruptum , quoquè also liqui to leaue lictum . Ri fit is made sum , ut as verri to brush versum , excipe except peperi to bring forth yong partum Si sit is made sum , ut as visi to goe to see visum , tamen notwithstanding ss geminato being doubled misi to send formabit will forme missum , excipe except fulsi to vnderprop fultum , hausi to draw haustum quoquè also sarsi to patch sartum , farsi to sluffe fartum , vssi to burne vstum , gessi to beare gestum , torsi to writhe duo two supines tortum & torsum , indulsi to make too much of one requirit requireth indultum què and indulsum Psi fit is made ptum , vt as scripsi to write scriptum ; excipe except campsi to exchange campsum Ti fit is made tum , namque for statū fit is made commune common praeterito to the preterperfect tense steti à of sto to stand , stitiquè and stiti à of sisto to make to stand , excipe except verti to turne versum Vi fit is made tum , ut as flaui to blow flatum : excipe except paui to feed pastum ▪ laui to wash dat giueth lotum interdum sometimes lautum atque and lauatum , potaui to drinke facit maketh potum & and interdum sometime potatum : Sed but faui to fauour fautum , caui to beware cautum : formes thou mayest forme ritè very well satum à of sero seui to sow , liui to daube or to smeare ouer què and also lini dat giueth litum , solui à soluo to loose solutum , volui à voluo to role volutum singultiui to sob vult will haue singultum , vaeneo venis vaeniui to bee sold vaenum , sepeliui to bury ritè by right sepultum Quod a verbe which dat gi●●th üi , dat giueth itū , ut as domui to make tame domitū excipe except quoduis verbum euery verbe in üo , quia because semper alway●s formabit it will forme üi , in utum , ut as exui to put off exutum deme except rui à ruo to rush dans giuing ruitum , secui to cut vult will haue sectum , necui to kill nectum , que and fricüi to rub frictum , item also miscui to mingle mistum , ac and amicui to cloath dat giueth amictum , torrui to rost habet hath tostū , docui to teach doctum , què and tenui to hold tētum consului to giue or aske counsell consultum , alui to feed altum què and alitum : Sic so salui to leape faltum , colui to worship quoquè also occului to hide cultum , pinsui to bake habet hath pistum , rapüi to snatch raptū , què & serüi a sero to plant vult will haue sertum , sic quoque so also texüi to weaue habet hath textum . Sed but haec these mutant doe change üi in sum into sum , nam for censeo to thinke ●ensum , cellüi to breake habet hath celsum , meto messüi ●o reape habet ha●h quoqué also messum , item and nexüi to knit nexum : sic quoquè so also pexüi to kembe habet h●th pexum , patüi to lie open dat giueth passum , carüi to want cas sum , què and caritum Xi fit is made tum , ut as vinxi to bind vinctum , què and quinquè fiue abjiciunt cast away n in supino in the supine , nam for finxi to faine fictum , minxi to make water mictum , pinxi to paint dat giueth pictum , strinxi to straine , quoque also rinxi to grinne rictum , flexi to bend , plexi to punish , fixi to fasten dant giue xum , & & fluo to flow fluxum . Quod que compositum supinum euerie compound supine formatur is formed ut as simplex the simp●e , quamvis although nō stet there is not , semper alwaies eadem syllaba the same syllabl● ut●ique in them both : composita the compounds à of tunsum to knock dempta n when n is ●aken away tusum : à of ruitum to rush , i media dempta when the middle letter i is taken away fit is made rutum , & and quoquè ●lso à of saltum to dance sultum : composita the compounds à of sero ●o s●we dant giue situm quando wh●n format it formeth satum . Haec these supines , captum to take , factum to doe , jactum to cast , raptum to snatch , mutant doe change a per e a into e , & and cantum to sing , partum to bring forth , sparsum to sprinkle , carptum to crop or plucke vp , quoquè also fartum to fluffe . Verbum the verbe edo to eate compositum beeing compounded non facit maketh not esum , sed but estum : vnum one compound comedo to eate vp duntaxat onely formabit will forme vtrumque both Duo two compounds à of nosco to know , cognitum to know , & and agnitum to know by some token tantum onely habentur are had in vse , caetera the rest dant giue notum : noscitum est is iam now in nullo vsu in no vse . VErba in or verbes ending in or admittunt take praeteritum a preterperfect tense ex posteriore supino from th●i● latter fupine , u verso being turned per us into us , & and sum vel fui cōsociato being ioyned thereunto , ut a● à of lectu lectus sum vel fui . At but horum of these verbes nunc sometimes est is deponens a deponent , nunc some times est is commune a cōmon notandum to be noted . Nam for labor to slide lapsus , patior to endure dat giueth passus , & and nata eius his compounds , ut as compatior to suffer alike compassus , què and perpetior to suffer throughly formans forming perpessus , fateor to grant quod which maketh fassus , & and nata the compounds indè thereof , ut as confiteor to confesse confessus , què and diffiteor to deny formans forming diffessus , gradior to goe by steps , dat giueth gressus , & and nata the compounds inde thereof , ut as digredior to turne aside digressus ▪ Iūge adde thou fatiscor to bee weary fessus sum , metior to measure mensus sum , & and vtor to vse vsus , ordior pro texto to weaue dat giueth orditus , pro incoepto to begin orsus , nitor to endeuour nisus vel or nixus sum , & and vlciscor to reuenge vltus , simul also irascor to bee angrie iratus atque and reor to suppose ratus sum , obliviscor to forget vult will haue oblitus sum , fruor to enioy optat maketh fructus vel fruitus iunge adde thou miserere to haue pitie misertus . Tuor to see & and tueor to defend non vult wil not haue tutus sed but tuitus sum quamvis although & both tutum & and tuitum sit be supinum supine vtrique to them both : Adde adde thou loquutus à of loquor to speake , & and adde adde thou sequutus à of sequor to follow , experior to try facit maketh expertus , p●eiscor to m●ke a bargaine gaudet reioy●eth formare to form● pactus sum , nanciscor to get nactus sum , apiscor to obtain quod which est is verbum vetus an old verbe ●ptus sum vndè from which adipiscor , to get adeptus , iunge adde thou queror to complaine questus , iunge adde thou proficiscor to goe forward profectus , expergiscor to aw●k experrectus sum Et and quoque also haec these comminiscor to deuise commentus , nascor to bee horne natus , què and morior to die mortuus , at què a●d orior to rise quod which facit maketh praeteritum the preterperfect tense ortus . HAec these ve●bes habent haue praeteritum the preterperfect tense actiuae vocis of the actiue voice & and passiuae the passiue , coeno to sub format tibi formeth coenaui & coenatus sum , iuro to sweare iuraui & iuratus , què and poto to drinke potaui & potus , titubo to stumble titubaui vel titubatus : Sic so careo to want carui & cassus sum , prandeo to dine prandi & pransus , pateo to lie open patui & passus , que and placeo to please dat giueth placui & placitus , suesco to accustome sueui atquè and suetus , vaeneo pro vendor to bee sold vaeniui & vinditus sum , nubo to bee married nupsi nuptaque sum , mereor to deserue meritus sum vel or merui ; Adde adde thou libet it contenteth or liketh libuit libitum : & and adde adde thou licet it may quod which maketh licuit licitum taed et it irketh quod which dat giueth taeduit & and pertaesum , adde adde thou pudet it sh●meth faciens m●king puduit què and puditum , at què and piget it irketh quod which format tibi formeth piguit què and pigitum . NEutropassiuuū a verbe Neuter passiue sic thus format tibi formeth praeteritum his preterperfect tense gaudeo to bee glad gauisus sum , fido to trust fisus , & and audeo to be bold ausus sum , fio to be made factus , soleo to be● wont solitus sum . QVaedam verba certa ne verbes accipiunt tak● praeteritum the preterperfect tense aliundè of another incoeptiuum a verbe inceptiue in sco , stans standing pro primario for the primatiue verbe adoptat taketh praeteritum the preterperfect tense eiusdem verbi of the same verbe ergo therefore tepesco to begin to be luke-warme vult will haue tepui à of tepeo to bee luke-warme , feruesco to begin to bee hot , ferui , à of ferueo to bee hot , cerno to b●hold vult will haue vidi à of video to see , quatio to shake vult will haue praeteritum the preterperfect tense conc●ssi à of concutio to shake , què and ferio to smite , percussi à of percutio to smite , meio to make water vult will haue minxi à of mingo to make water , s●do to pitch or alight vult will haue sedi à of sedeo to sit , t●llo to lift vp sustuli à ●ss suffero to beare & and sum to bee fui a of fuo to bee , & and ●ero to beare ritè rightly tuli à of tulo to beare , sisto tantum onely pro for stare to stand steti à of sto to stand , què and furo to bee mad infanini à of verbo a verbe eiusdem significati of the same signification . Sic so vescor to ●ate , medeor to heale , liquor to bee melted reminiscor to remember , poscunt require praeteritū a preterperfect tense à of pascor to bee fed , medicor to heale , liquefio to be melted , recordor to remember . FVgiunt these want praeteritum their preterperfect tense , vergo to bend , ambigo to doubt , glisco to desire greatly , fatisco to ●hinke , polleo to be able nideo to shine . ad haec to these are added incoeptiua verbes inceptiues , ut as puerasco to begin to bee a child ; & and passiva passiues quibus whose activa actiues , caruêre haue wanted supinis their supines ; ut as metuor to bee feared : timeor to bee feared : Omnia meditativa all meditatiues praeter besides parturio to bring forth , esurio to bee hungrie , quae duo which two se●vant doe k●epe praeteritum their preterperfect tense . HAec verba these verbes ra●ò seldome aut or nūquam neuer retinebunt will keep supinum their supines : lambo to licke , mico micui to shine , rudo to br●y like an Asse , scabo to claw , parco peper●i to spare , dispesco to driue beasts from pastures , posco to require , disco to learne , compesco to refraine , quinisco to nod with the head , dego to liue , ango to trouble , sugo to sucke lingo to licke with the tongu● , ningo to snow , què and satago to bee very busie , or to doe with speede , psallo to sing , volo to bee vnwilling , malo to bee more willing , tremo to tremble , strideo to make a noise , strido to make a noise , flaveo to bee yellow , liveo to be black and blew , avet to couet , paveo to scare , conniveo to vvinke vvith the eyes , fervet to bee hot . Compositum a cōpound à of nuo to nod vvith the head ut as renuo to resuse , à of cad● to fall , ut as incido to fall in , praeter besides ●ccido to fall dovvne , quod vvhich facit mak●th occasum , què and recido to fall backe recasum . Respuo to resuse , linquo to leaue , luo to punish , metuo to feare , cluo to glister , frigeo to bee colde , calvo to bee balde , & and ste●t● to snert , timeo to feare , Sic so luceo to shine , & and arceo to driue away , cuius vvh●se composita compounds habent haue ercitum . Sic so natum the compound à of gruo to crie like a Crane , ut as ingru● to inuade ▪ Et and quaecunque vvhatsoeuer neutra neuters secundae of the second coniugation formantur are formed in üi , exceptis these being excepted ▪ oleo to smell . doleo to be grieued , placeo to please , què and taceo to hold ones peace . Item also pareo to obey , & and careo to want , noceo to hurt , pateo to bee open , què and lateo to be hid , & and valeo to be in health , caleo to bee hot , namquè for haec these gaudent supino haue their supine . The Syntaxis construed . VErbum personale a verbe personal cohaeret agreeth cum no minativo with his nominatiue case numero in number & and persona person : ut as via the way ad bonos more 's to good manners est is nunquam neuer sera late . Fortuna fortune est is nunquam n●uer perpetuò alwayes bona good . Nominativus the nominatiu● case primae vel secundae personae of the first or second person rarissimè exprimitur is very seldome expressed nisi except discretionis causâ for difference sake : ut us vos ye damnastis haue condemned , quasi as though dicat hee should say nemo none praeterea besides ; aut or emphasis gratiâ : for the better expressing of the thing to be spoken : ut as tu euen thou es art patronus eur patron , tu euen thou art pater our father ; si tu deseris if thou forsake vs , perimus wee are vtter●y vndone : quasi as though dicat hee should say , praecipuè specially & and prae alijs before others , tu euen thou es art patronus our patron . Tu euen thou eras wast mihi to mee Dominus a Lord , tu euen thou vir a husband : tu euen thou frater a brother . In verbis in verbs , quorum significatio whose signification tantùm on●ly pertinct belongeth ad homines to men , nominativus the nominatiue case tertiae personae of the third person saepe oftentimes subauditur is vnderstood , ut as est he is , fertur hee is reported , dicunt they report , ferunt they report , aiunt they say , praedicant they tell it abroad clamitant they crie it abroad , & and in similibus in such like , ut as fertur he is reported designasse to haue committed atrocia flagitia hainous offences ▪ Què and ferunt they report poenituisse that it hath repented te thee irae tuae of thy anger . Vox casualis a casuall word non est is not semper alwayes nominatiuus ●he nominatiue case verbo to the verbe sed but aliquando sometimes verbum infinitum a verbe of the infinitiue mood : ut as mentiri to lie non est is not meum my propertie . Aliquando sometimes oratio a sentence : ut as Adde adde this quòd that didicisse to haue learned ingenuas artes the Liberall Sciences fideliter faithfully , emollit mollifi●●h mores men● manners , nec sinit & carries them not esse to bee fer●s brutish ▪ Aliquando sometime aduerbium an aduerbe cum genitiuo with a genitiue case , ut as partim virorum part of the men , cecedêrunt were slaine in bello in warre ; partim signorum part of the ensignes sunt combusta were burned . Verba verbes infiniti modi of the infinitiue mood statuunt set ante se before themselues accusatinum an accusatiue case pro nominatiuo for a nominatiue : ut as gaud eo I am glad te redijsse that thou art returned incolumem safe . Volo I will te agere that thou play fabulam a comedy Hic modus this mood potest may resolui hee dissolued per quòd & ut by quòd and ut ad hunc modum after this manner : ut as gaudeo I am glad quòd that tu redijsti thou art returned incolumis safe . Volo I will ut that tu agas thou play fabulam a comedie . Verbum a verbe positum placed inter duos nominatiuos betweene two nominatiue cases diuersorum numerorum of diuers numbers potest may conuenire agree cum alterutro with either of them : ut as Irae the falling out amantium o● louers redintegratio est is the renewing amoris of loue Quid enim for what nisi but vota prayers supersunt remaine ? Percussit she strooke pectora her brest , quoque also pectus her brest robora fiunt was made oke Hic heere nihil nothing nisi but carmina verses desunt are wanting . Impersonalia imparsonalis non habent haue not nominatiuum a nominatiue case , praecedentem going before them : vt as taedit me I am weary vitae of life . Pertaesum est I am weary coniugij of wedlocke , de quibus whereof suo loco I will intreate in their place . Nomen a noune multitudinis of multitude singulare singular quandoque sometimes iungitur is ioyned verbo plurali to a verbe plurall , ut as pars part ab●ê●e are gone : vterque both deluduntur are mocked dolis with deceit . ADiectiuum the Adiectiue consentit agreeeth cum substantiuo with the substantiue ▪ genere in gender , numero number , & and casu case ; ut as Rara auis a rare bird in terris in the earth , què and similima most like nigro cygno a blacke Swanne . Ad eundem modum after the same manner participia participles , & and pronomina pronounes adnectuntur are ioyned substātiuis to substantiues , ut as Donec so long as eris thou shalt bee foelix in prosperitie numerabis thou shalt number multos amicos many frien●s . Nullus amicus no friend ib●t w●ll goe ad amissas opes to lost riches . Pectora mea my brest non senserunt hath not felt . hoc vulnus this wound primum now the first time , tuli I haue suffered grauiora more grieuous . Aliquando sometimes oratio a sen●ence supplet doth supply locum the place substantiui of a substantiue : ut as audito when it was heard regem proficisci that the King went Doroberniam to Canterbury . RElatiuum the Relatiue concordat agreeth cum Antecedente with the Antecedent genere in gender , numero number & and persona person : ut as Quis who est is vir bonus a good man ? Qui hee that servat keepeth cōsulta the statutes patrum of his forefathers qui hee that keepeth leges their lawes , iuraquè and ordinances Nec solùm and not only vnica vox one word alone sed etiam but also interdum sometimes oratio a sencence ponitur is put pro antecedente for the antecedent : ut as Veni I came in tempore in seuson ad eam to her , quod which est is primū the chiefest omnium rerum of all things . Relativum a Relatiue collo catum placed inter duo antecedentia betweene two antecedents diuerforum generum of diuers genders nunc sometimes convenit agreeth cum priore with the former : ut as Senatus the enate peragebat keept assiduam stationem their dai●y meeting eo loco in that place qui which hodie at this day appellatur is called Senaculum the Senate-house . Non procul not far off ab eo flumine from that Riuer quod which vocant they call Saliam Salia . Stella the starre Iouis of Iupiter , quae which dicitur is called Phaêton , fertur is carried propiùs à terra not farre from the earth . Nunc sometimes cum posteriore with the latter : ut as homines men tuentur doe defend illum globum that round thing quae which dicitur it called terra the earth . Est there is locus a place in carcere in the prison quod which appellatur is called Tullianum a dungeon . In coitu Iunae in the coniuuction of the Sunne and Moone quod which vocant they call interlunium the space betweene the old Moone and the new . Aliquando sometimes Relativum a Relatiue aliquando sometimes & also Nomen Adjectivum a Noune adiectiue respondet hath relation primitivo to the primatiue , quod which subintelligitur is understood in possessivo in the possessiue . ut as Omnes all men dicere did say omnia bona all good things , & and laudare did prayse fortunas meas my good hap , qui who haberem had filium a son praeditum endued tali ingenio with so good a nature . Vidisti thou hast seene nostros occulos our eyes flētis of mee weeping . Quo ties as often as nullus nominatiuus no nominatiue case interseritur is put inter relatiuum betweene the relative & verbum and the verbe , relatiuum the relatiue crit shall be nominatiuus the nominatiue case verbo to the verbe : ut as Faelix he is happie qui which potuit could visere go to see fōtem lucidum the cleare fountaine boni of goodnesse . At but si if nominatiuus the nominatiue case interponatur bee put betweene relati●o the relatiue & verbo and the verbe , relatiuum the relatiue reg●tur shall be gouerned a verbo of the verbe , aut or ab alia dictione of another word quae which locatur is placed cum verbo with the verbe in oratione in the sentence : ut as Gratia thanks abest is wanting ab officio from that good turne quod which mora lingering tardat delayeth . Cuius numen whose dei●ie adoro I worship . Quorum whereof ego habeo I haue optimū the best . Cui to whom non vidi I haue not seene similem the like . Quo whereof iudicaui I haue thought te thee dignum worthy . Quo than whom nemo none scribit writeth meliùs better . Quem videndo in seeing of whom obstupuit hee was amazed . Lego I reade Virgilium Virgil prae quo in comparison of whom caeteri Poetae the other Poets sordent are of very small account . QVum when duo substantiva ●wo substantiues diuersae significationis of diuers significations sic concurrunt doe so come together , ut as posterius the latter quodammodo after a sort videatur may seeme possideri to bee possessed à priore of the former , tùm then posterius the latter ponitur is put in genitiuo in the genitiue case ut as Amor the loue nummi of money crescit increaseth quantum as much as ipsa pecunia the money it selfe crescit encreaseth ▪ Rex the King pater is a father patriae of the Countrie . Arma the weapons Achillis of Achilles . Cultor a tiller agri of the ground . Proinde further hic genitivus this genitiue , case saepissimè very often mutatur is changed in adiectiuū possessiuū into an adiectiue possessiue : vt as Domus the house patris of my father , paterna domus my fathers house . Filius the sonne heri of my master , Herilis filius my masters sonne , Est there is a time etiam also vbi when vertitur it is turned in datiuum into a datiue case : vt as Est he is pater a Father vrbi to the Citie què and maritus a husband vrbi to the Citie . Herus a master tibi to thee : Pater a Father mihi to me . Excipiuntur nounes are excepted quae which connectuntur are put together in eodem casu in the same case per Appositionem by apposition : vt as opes riches irritamenta the allurements to malorum euils effodiuntur are digged out of the earth . Arcent they driue away à praesepibus from their hiues fucos the drones ignauum p●cus being a sluggish cattell . Adiectiuum an adiectiue positum put in neutro genere in the neuter gender absolutè absolutely , hoc est that is absque substantiuo without a substantiue aliquādo sometimes postulat requireth genitiuum a genitiue case , vt as paululum paecuniae a little money . Hoc noctis this night Non videmus wee see not manticae that wallet quod which est is in tergo on the backe . Quantum nummorum so much money as quisque euery one seruat keepeth in arca sua in his ch●st , habet he hath & tantū fidei euen so much credit Interdum sometimes genitiuus the genitiue case ponitur is put tantum alone , nempè that is priore substantiuo the former substantiue subaudito being vnderstood , per Eclipsim by Eclipsis : vt as in locutionibus in speeches huiusmodi of this kinde : vbi so soone as veneris thou shalt come ad Dianae to Diances temple , ito go thou ad dext● ram on the right bond : Ventū erat he came ad Vestae to Vestaes temple : vtrobique in both places subauditur there is vnderstood templum a tēple . And romache Hectoris the wife of Hector : uxor a wise subauditur is vnderstood . Deiphobe ▪ Glauci the daughter of Glauc●● : filia a daughter subauditur is vnderstood . Video I see Byrthia Byrrhia huius this mans seruant : subaudi vnderstand thou seruum a seruant . Laus the prayse & and vituperium the disprayse rei of a thing effertur is vsed varijs modis diuers w●yes , at but frequentiùs more cōmonly in ablativo in the ablatiue case vel or genitiuo the genitiue : ut as vir a man nulla fide of no credit Puer a boy ingenui vultus of a comely countenance , què & ingenui pudoris honest bashfulnesse . Opus neede & and vsus neede exigunt require ablatiuum an ablatiue case . ut as opus est nobis wee haue neede authoritate tua of thy authoritie . Non accepit hee receiued not pecuni●m money , qua whereof sibi nihil esset vsus he had no neede ab ijs of them , quibus whom s●iret hee know vsui esse had vse of it . Quandoque autem but sometimes opus videtur seemeth ▪ poni to be put adiectiuè adiectiuely pro for necessarius necessary , què and construitur is c●●si●ued variè diuersly : ut as Dux a captaine & and author a guide opus est is necessarie nobis for vs. Dicis thou sayest nummos money opus esse to be necessarie mihi for me ad apparatum for the preparation triumphi of the triumph . Para prouide alia other things quae which sunt are opus necessary . Intelligo I vnderstand ex tuis literis by your letters operam that the labour Sulpitij of Sulpitius non fuisse hath not b●en● multùm opus very necessary tibi for thee . A Diectiua adiectiues quae which significant signifie desiderium desire , notitiam knowledge memoriam remembrance , atque and contraria things contrary ijs to them , genitivum adsciscunt gouerne a genitiue case ut as natura the nature hominum of men est is auida desirous nouitatis of newes Mens a minde praescia foreknowing . futuri that which is to come . Esto be thou memor mind●full breuis aeui , of thy short age . Illicis enticest thou in fraudem into deceit eductos yong men brought up libe●è honestly imperitos rerum void of experience ? Non sum I am not dubius doutbfull animi of minde , sed but devius swaruing from aequi right . Rudis ignorant Graecarū literarum of the Greek ●ongue . Adiectiua adiectiues in ax verbalia deriued of verbs etiam likewise ferun●ur in genitiuum gouerne a genitiue case : ut as Audax aduenturous ingenij of nature . Tempus time edax a consumer rerum of things . Virtu● vertue est is fugax an abandoner vitiorum of vices Sagax quicke in espying vtilium pr●fitable things . Tenax stiff● in propositi his purpose . Tam as well tenax a keeper ficti of a lie , què and praui that which is naught , quàm as nuncia a teller veri of the truth . Petax an ask●r pecuniarum of money . Praeterea besides ingens turba a verie great multitude adiectiuorum of adiectiues abstricta bound nullis certis regulis to no certaine rules postulat requireth casum patrium a genitiue case . Quorum farraginem satis quidem amplam a sufficient companie whereof Linacrus Linaker & and Dispanterius Despauter congesserent haue gathered together . Tu verò but thou lectione crebra by often reading reddes shalt make ea them admodum familiaria verie samilliar tibi to thy selfe . Nomina partitiua noun●s partitiues , aut or posita put partitiuè partitiuely , interrogatiua quaedam certaine interroga●iues & and certa numeralia some nounes of number gaudent gen●tiuo gouerne a genitiue case , à quo of whom & also mutuantur they borrow genus their gender : ut as Quanquam although Marce fili s●nne Marke oportet it behooueth te thee iam audientem hauing alreadie heard , Cratippum , Cratippus annum a yeare idquè and that Athenis at Athens abundare to abound praeceptis with precepts què and institutis instructions philosophiae of Philosophy , propter summā authoritatem for the verie great authoritie & bo●h doctoris of thy master & and vrbis the citie , quorū whereof alter the one potest can augerete store thee scientia with knowl●dge ; altera the other exemplis with examples . Accipe take vtrum horum whether of these two mavis thou haddst rather . Quisquis whosoeuer Deorum of the gods ille fuit he was . An what est quisquam hominum is any man aequè miser such a wret●h ut as ego● ? Nemo none divûm of the gods auderet durst promittere promise . Tres three fratrum of the Brothers . Quatuor foure judicum of the Iudges . Nondum constat it is not yet agreed vpon quis vvho fuerit was octavus the eighth sapientum of the wiseman . Romulus fuit was primus the first regum Romanorum of the Romane Kings . Tamen yet in alio sēsu in anoth●r sense exigunt they require ablativum an ablatiue case cum praepositione with a preposition : ut as primus the first ab Hercule from Hercules . Tertius the third ab Aenea from Aeneas . In alio vero sensu but in another sense dativum a datiue ut as secundus second nulli to none pietate in godlinesse . Vsurpantur autem but they are vsed & also cum his praepositionibus with these prepositions e , de , ex , inter , antè ; ut as alter the one è vobis of you est is Deus a God. Solus he alone de superis of the gods aboue . Primus the chiefest inter omnes amongst all Lacoon ardens chafing decurrit ran downe summa ab arce , from the top of the Tower , primus being the first ibi there ante omnes before all magna comitante caterva a great troupe accompanying him . Interrogativum the question , & and redditivum the answer ejus thereof erunt shall be ejusdem casus the same case , & and temporis tense : ut as Quarum rerum of what things est is there nulla satietas no fulnes ? Divitiarum of riches . Quid rerum what busines nunc geritut is now a doing in Anglia in England ? Consulitur they doe consult de religione of religion . Haec regula this rule fallit faileth quoties as often as interogatio the question fit is made per by cujus , a , um , ut as cujum pecus whose cattell ? laniorum the butchers . Aut or else per dictionem by a word variae syntaxeos of diuers construction : ut as Accusasnè what doe you accuse furti of theft , an or homicidij murder : an or utroque of both ? Deniquè lastly fallit it faileth cum when respondendum est wee must answere per possessiva by these possessiues , meus , tuus , suus , &c. ut as Cujus whose est is hic Codex this booke ? Meus mine . Comparativa nounes comparatiues & and superlativa superlatiues accepta being taken partitivè partitiuely exigunt require genitivum a genitiue case , vndè from whence & also sortiuntur th●y haue genus their gender . Comparatiuum autem but the comparatiue refertur is referred ad duo to two . Superlativum the superlatiue ad plura to moe : ut as Dextra the right hand est is fortior the stronger manuum of the hands . Medius the middle est is longissimus the longest digitorum of the fingers . Accipiuntur autem but they are taken partitivè partitiuely , cum when exponuntur they are expounded per by e , ex , of or from aut or inter among : ut as Virgilius Virgil , doctissimus the most learned Poetarum of the Poets ; id est , that is ex Poëtis of the Poets , vel or inter Poëtas among the Poets . Comparativa Comparatiues cum when exponuntur they are expounded per by quàm than ablativum adsciscunt gouerne an ablatiue case : ut as Argentū siluer est is vilius more base auro than gold , aurum gold virtutibus then the vertues , id est that is quàm than aurum gold , quàm than virtutes the vertues , Adsciscunt & alterum ablativum , they also gouerne another ahlatiue case , qui which significat signifieth mensuram the measure excessus of exceeding : ut as Quanto by how much es thou art doctior better learned , tanto by so much geras te behaue thy selfe submissiùs more lowly . Tanto by so much , quāto by how much , multo by much , longè by far , aetate by age , natu by birth , apponuntur are put vtrique gradui to both degrees : ut as tanto by so much pessimus Poeta the worst Poet omnium of all , quanto by how much tu thou art optimus patronus the best patron omniū of al , Nocturnae lucubration●s night studies habētur are accounted longè periculosissimae exceeding dangerous . Es thou ar● longè peritior farre more skilfull caeteris than the rest , sed tamen but yet non multo melior not much better . Omne vitium eueryvice animi of the mind , habet hath in se in it selfe crimen a fault , tanto by so much conspectius the more apparent , quanto by how much habetur hee is accounted maior greater qui which peccat offendeth ; Maior the greater & and maximus the greatest aetate by age , Maior the greater & and maximus the greatest natu by birth . ADiectiua Adiectiues quibus wherein significatur is signified commodum profite , incommodum disprofit , similitudo likenes , dissimilitudo vnlikenesse , voluptas pleasure , submissio submitting aut or relatio belonging ad aliquid to some thing , in dativum transeunt gouerne a datiue case : ut as O sis O be thou bonus good , què and foelix fauourable tuis to thy friends Turba the troublesome rout grauis being grieuous paci to peace , què and inimica an enemie placidae quieti to pleasing rest . Poeta a Poet est is finitimus of very great affinitie with oratori an Oratour . Color the colour qui which erat was albus white , nunc now est is contrarius contrarie albo to white . Iucundus pleasant amicis to his friends , Supplex lowly omnibus to all , Si if facis thou causest ut that sit it may be idoneus fit patriae for the Countrey , vtilis profitable agro for the ground . Huc hither referuntur are referred substantiva Substantiues , composita compounded ex Praepositione of the Preposition con : ut as contubernalis a chamber-fellow , cōmilito a fellow-souldier , conseruvs , a fellow-seruant , cognatus a kinsman , &c. Quaedam some ex his of these , quae which significàt signifie similitudinem likenesse etiam also Genitivo gaudent gouerne a genitiue case : ut as Quem metuis bee whom thou fearest erat was par like huius this man. Patres Fathers censent thinke it esse to be aequum a meete thing nos that wee jamjam euen lately à pueris from children nasci shold become illicò by and by senes old men : neque esse and not bee affines partakers illarum rerum of those things quas which adolescentia youth fert bringeth . Es thou art similis like Domini thy Master . Mens a minde conscia knowing recti the right . Praeterera further regina ipsa the queene her selfe fidissima tui most true to thee occidit is dead , dextra sua by her owne right hand . Communis common , alienus strange , immunis free , serviūt do serue variis casibus diuers cases : ut as Appetitus the desire conjunction is of Copulation procreandi causa for procreations sakeest is commune a common thing anim●tium omnium to all liuing creatures . Mors death communis is common omnibus to all men . Hoc this thing est is cōmune common mihi tecū to me and thee . Non aliena not vnmeete for consilij the purpose . Alienus farre from ambitioni ambition . Non alienus not estranged à studijs from the studies Scevolae of Sceuola . Dabitur it shall be granted vobis to you esse to be immu nibus free from hujus mali this euill . Caprificus the wilde Fig-tree est is immunis free frō omnibus ali . Sumus wee are immunes cleare ab illis malis from those euils . Natus borne , commodus profitable , incommodus vnprofitable , vtilis profitable , inutilis vnprofitable , vehemens earnest , aptus fit , interdum sometimes , etiam also adjunguntur are ioyned accu sativo to an Accusatiue case cum Praepositione with a Preposition : ut as Natus borne ad gloriam to glory . Verbalia Verbals in bilis accepta taken passiuè passiuely , vt as & also participia participles , seu potius or rather , participialia participials , in dus , dativo adjecto gaudent will haue a datiue case after them : ut as ô Iuli O Iulius , memorā de mihi worthy to bee remembred of mee post nullos sodales after none of my fellowes ▪ Lucus the wood erat was penetrabilis to be pierced thorow nulli astro with no starre . MEnsura the measure magnitudinis of great nesse subijcitur is put after adiectiuis adi●ctiues in accusatiuo in the Accusatiue case ; v t as gnomon the pin of the dial septē pedes longus seuen foote long reddit maketh vmbram a shadow quatuor pedes longam foure foot long non amplius not more . Et and interdum sometimes in Ablativo in the Ablatiue : vt as Fons a Well latus broade pedibus tribus three foot , altus deepe triginta thirtie . Et and interdum sometimes etiamalso genitivo in the genitiue , vt as Facito make thou Areas the Floores latas broad pedum denum ten foote a p●ece , longas long pedū quinquagenûm fifty feet a peece , in morem after the manner Horti of a Garden . ADjectiva Adiectiues quae which , pertinent belong ad copiam to plentie egestatemvè or want , gaudent reioyce interdum somtimes ablativo with an ablatiue case , & and interdum sometimes genitivo with a genitiue : ut as Amor loue est is faecundissimus very full of & both melle hony & and felle gall . Diues rich agris in lands , diues rich positis in foenore nummis in money put to vsury . At but minores the lesser bees fessae wearied referunt se doe returne home multa nocte late in the ●ight , crura their shankes plaena full thymo with thime . Quae regio what countrey in terris in the earth non plena is not full nostri laboris of our labour ? Diues rich opum in substance . Diues rich pictai vestis in embroydered Garments & and auri gold . O animae ô soules curuae wholy bent in terras toward the earth , & and inanes without coelestiū heauenly things Expers voide of fraudis deceit . Beatus rich gratia in good will. Nomina nounes diuersitatis of diuersitie subijciunt sibi do take after them ablatiuvm an ablatiue case cum praepositione with a preposition : ut as Alter diuers ab illo from him , Aliud diuers ab hoc from this thing . Diuersus different ab isto from this man Nonnunquàm sometimes etiam a●so dativum a datiue case , ut as diuersum diuers huic to this . Adjectiva adiectiues regunt gouerne ablativum an ablatiue case significantē signifying causam the cause : ut as Pallidus pale ira with anger Incurvus crooked senectute with old age . Brachia armes livida blacks & bl●w armis with armour . Trepidus trembling morte futura for death to come . Forma the forme vel or modus the maner rei of a thing adijcitur is added nominibus to noūs in ablativo in the ablatiue case : ut as Facies a face pallida pale miris modis afier a wonderfull manner . Grammaticus a Grāmarian nomine in name , barbarus barbarous re in deede . Sum I am tibi to thee parens a father natura by nature , praeceptor a master consilijs by counsells . Caesar Troianus a Troian origine by discent . Diues rich spe in ●ope , pauper poore re in deed Syrus a Syrian natione by his country Dignus worthy , indignus vnworthy , praeditus endued , captus taken , contentus content , extorris a banished man auferendi casum adjectū volunt will haue an ablatiue case : ut as Es thou art dignus worthy of odio hatred . Qui who haberem had filium a son preditum indued tale ingenio with so good a nature . Atquè and talpae the moles capti oculis being blind fodêre haue digged cubilia their nests . Abi go thy wayes contentus content sorte tua with thy state , Nonnulla some horum of these interdum sometimes vendicant claim genitivum a genitiue case : ut as Est there is militia altera another warfare digna beseeming operis tui thy labour . Descēdam I will come downe haud qua quam indignus at noe time unworthy of magnorum avorum my noble progenitours . MEi of mee , tui of thee , sui of him , nostri of us , vestri of you , genitivi the genitue cases primitivorum of primitiues ponuntur are put cùm when passio suffering significatur is signified , ut as Languit hee languisheth desiderio for desire tui of thee Parsque and part tui of thee latitat lieth hid clausa being shut vp corpore me in my bodie . Imago the image nostri of vs. Meus mine , tuus thine , suus his noster ours , vester yours , adijciuntur are put cùm when actio an actiō vel or possessio the possessiō rei of a thing denotatur is noted ▪ ut as fauet hee fauoureth desiderio tuo thy desire . Imago nostra our image , id est , that is , quam which nos wee possidemus do possesse . Genitivi these genitiues nostrûm of vs & and vestrum of you sequuntur doe follow distributiva distributiues , partitiva partitiues , comparativa comparatiues , & and superlativa superlatiues : ut as Vnusquisque euery one vestrûm of you . Nemo none nostrûm of vs. Ne sit let it not bee mirum a wonder cui vestrûm to any of you . Maior the greater vestrûm of you . Maximus natu the eldest nostrum of vs. Haec possessiva these possessiues Meus , tuus , suus , noster & vester recipiunt take post se after them , hos genitivos these genitiue cases , ipsius of him , solius of one alone , vnius of one , duorum of two , trium of three &c. omnium of all , plurium of many , paucorum of few , cuiusque of euery one , & and genitivos the genitiue cases participiorum of participles , quae which referuntur are referred ad genitivum to the genitiue case primitivi of the primitiue inclusum comprehended in possessivo in the possessiue , ut as coniecturam feceris thou hast coniectured ex tuo ipsius animo by thine own mind only . Dico I affirme rempublicam the common wealth , esse to be liberatam set at libertie mea vnius opera by my onely trauaile . Meum solius peccatum my sinne alone non potest cannot corrigi be amended . Noster duorum euentus the euent of vs two ostendat may shew vtra gens whether of these contraries sit is melior better . Praestantior better in sua cuiusque laude in euery one 's owne praise . Nostra omnium memoria the memory of vs all respondet is answerable vestris paucorum laudibus to your few praises Cùm seeing that nemo none legat readeth scripta mea timentis the writings of me fearing recitare to recite them vulgo to the common peopl● . Sui of him & and suis his , sunt are recipocra recipocrales : hoc est that is semper alwayes reflectuntur haue relation ad id to that quod which praecessit went before in eadem oratione in the same sentence : ut as Petrus Peter nimium admiratur se sets too much by himse●fe . Parcit he spareth erroribus suis his owne errors . Aut or annexa coupled per copulam by some copulatiue : ut as Petrus Peter rogat intreateth magnopere earnestly ne se deseras that you would not forsake him . Ipse ex pronominibus of the pronounes solùm onely repraesentat representeth significationem the signification trium personarum of three persons : ut as Ipse vidi I haue seene Ipse vider is looke thou to it , Ipse dixit it he hath spoken Et and adjungitur it is ioyned nominibus to Vounes pariter ac and in like manner pronominibus to pronounes vt as Ipse ego I my selfe , Ipse ille euen he Ipse Hercules Hercules himselfe . Idem , etiam also potest may jungi bee ioy●ed omnibus personis to all the persons , ut as ego idem I the same man adsum am present . Idem perge go thou forward facere has nuptias to make vp this marriage . Idem jungat let him couple Vulpes Foxes , & and mulgeat milk hircos the male-goates . Haec demonstratiua these demōstratiues hic , ille , iste distinguūtur are distinguished sic thus : Hic , demonstrat sheweth proximum the nearest mihi unto me : Iste , eum him qui which est is apud te by thee : Ille , indicat sheweth eum him qui est remotus that is remoued ab vtroquè from vs both . Ille , tum then vsurpatur is vsed , cum when demonstramus wee shew rem quampiam any thing ob eminentiam for the excellencie thereof : vt as Alexander ille magnus that same Alexander the great . Verò but iste ponitur is put quando when facimus we make mentionem mention rei alicuius of some thing cum contemptu vvith contempt : ut as Pellito driue vvay istum aemulum this copesmate ab ea from her quoad poteris as farre as thou canst Cùm vvhen hic & illa referuntur are referred ad duo anteposita to tvvo nounes going before , hic debet ought referri to bee referred propriè properly ac and vsitatissimè most vsually ad posteriùs to the latter & and propius neerer : I lle ad prius to the former & and remotius furthest off , ut as Propositum the purpose Agricolae of the Husbandman est is contrarium contrarie to pastoris the Shepheards . Ille the husbandman quam maximè most of all , gaudet reioyceth subacto & puro solo In a well tilled and pure soyle : Hic the Shepheard nouali in a pasture new broken graminosoque and full of grasse : I lle the husbandman sperat looketh for fructum fruit è terra out of the earth : Hic the shepheard è pecore from his sheepe . Tamen yet est there is a time , vbi when è diuerso on the contrary invenias you may find pronomen the pronoune Hic , referri to bee referred ad suppositum to the substantiue remotius further off , & and ille ad proximius to the neerer . VErba substantiva verbes substantiues , ut as , Sum I am , forem I might be , fio I am made , existo I am : Verba passiua verbes passiues vocandi of calling : ut as Nominor I am named , appellor I am called , dicor I am said , vocor I am called , nuncupor I am named , & and similia like ijs to them : ut as Scribor I am written , salutor I am saluted , habeor I am counted , existimor I am esteemed : Item also verba verbes gestus of gesture ut as Sedeo I sit , dormio I sleep , cubo I lie downe , incedo I goe , curro I run , expetunt require nominatiuum a nominatiue case utrinque on either side : ut as Deus God est is summum bonum the chiefest good . Perpusilli very little men vocantur are called nani dwarses . Fides faith habetur is counted fundamentum the foundation Religionis nostrae of our Religion . Malus pastor an euill shepheard dormit sleepeth supinus voide of care . Homo a man incedit goeth erectus boult vpright in coelum towards heauen . Deniquè finally ferè in a manner omnia verba all verbes habent haue post se after them nominativum a nominatiue case adjectiui nominis of a Noune adiectiue , quod which concordat agreeth cum supposito with the Nominatiue case verbi of the verbe casu in case , genere gender , & and numero number : ut as Rex the King mandauit commanded primus first haere . sin heresie extirpari to bee rooted out . Pij godly men orāt pray taciti holding their peace . Boni good boies discunt learne seduli diligently Quoque also infinitum a verbe of the infinitiue moode habet hath cosdem casus the same cases vtrinquè on either side , praecipuè especially cum when verba verbes optandi of wishing què and similia like eis to them accedunt come neere them : ut as Hypocrita an hypocrite cupit aesiresh videri to seeme iustus iust : Hypocrita an Hypocrtie cupit desireth se videri that hee might seeme iustum iust . Malo I hadde rather esse bee dives rich quàm then haberi so accounted . Malo I had rather me esse that I were divitem rich , quàm than haberi so accounted . Vivitur men liue meliùs better exiguo with a little , Natura naturé dedit hath giuen omnibus to all esse to be bcatis happy , siquis if any cognouerit knew vti to vse it . Non licet nobis wee may not esse bee tam disertis vel disertos so eloquent . Expedit it is expedient vobis for you esse to be bonas good . Quo commisso which fact if it had bin committed non licet mihi I could not esse bee piam a loyall wife . Quamuis although in his postremis exemplis in these last examples accusativi the accusatiue cases subaudiuntur are vnderstood ante before verba infinita verbes of the infinitiue mood , Nos esse that wee should be disertos cloquent . Vos esse that you should be bonas good . Me esse that I should bee piam loyall . SVm postulat requireth genitivum a genitiue case quoties as often as significat it signifieth possessionem possession , aut or pertinere to belong ad ali quid to something : ut as Pecus the cattell est is Melibaei Meliheuses . Est it is the duty adolescentis of a yong man revereri to reuerence maiores natu his elders . Est it is the duty Regum of Kings parcere to spare subjectis the mecke subiects & and debellare to keepe down superbos the proud . Hi nominativi these Nominatiue cases excipiuntur are accepted , meum mino , tuum thine suum his , nostrum ours , vestrum yours , humanum belonging to a Man , belluinum belonging to a beast , & and similia such like ut as Non est it is not meum my duety dicere to speake contra authoritatem against the authoritie Senatus of the Senate . Eia what soft , haud vestrum est it is not your part esse to be iracundos angry : humanum est it is a propertie of a man irasci to be angry . At but hic heere officium dutie videtur seemeth subintelligi to bee vnderstood , quod which aliquando sometimes etiam also exprimitur is expressed , ut as est it is tuum officium thy dutie ut that benè in good sort adsimules thou wouldst make a shew of has nuptias this marriage . Verba verbes aestimandi of esteeming gaudent reioyce genitivis with Genitiue cases : ut as pecunia money fit is esteemed plurimi very much passim a broade . Pudor shamefastnesse parvi penditur is little set by . Literae learning habentur is esteemed nihili vel pro nihilo as nothing . Opes riches sunt pluris are of more value nunc now quam then annis in the yeeres prisci temporis of ancient time Estimo I esteeme adsciscit taketh vnto it vel either genitivum a genitiue case vel or ablativum an Ablatiue : ut as Non aestimo I esteeme thee not hujus thus much . Virtus Virtue est is aestimanda to be esteemed magno of great prise ubique euery where . Flocci of a locke of wool , nauci of a nut-shell or pill , nihil nothing , pili of an haire , assis of a farthing , hujus thus much , teruntij of three ounces , peculiariter properly adijciuntur are put his Verbis to these verbes , aestimo I esteem , pendo I weigh , facio I make reckoning of : ut as ego pendo I esteeme illum him flocci as naught : Nec neither facio doe I regard him hujus thus much qui who aesti mat esteemes me me pili as an haire ista these sunt be singularia speciall phraises : Aequiboni consulo I take it in good part , Aequi boni facio I take it in good part , id est that is in bonam accipio partem I take in good part . Verba verbes accusandi of accusing , damnandi of condemning , monendi of warning , absolvendi of absoluing , & and consimilia such like postulant require genitivum a Genitiue case qui which significat signifieth crimen a fault : ut as Oportet it behooueth ipsum him intueri se to looke into himselfe qui which incusat accuseth alterum annother man probri of dishonestly . Etiam likewise , condemnat he condemneth generum suum his sonne in law , sceleris of wickednesse . Cupido ô Cupid parce forbeare damnare to condemne vatem tuum thy Poet sceleris of wickednesse . Admoneto admonish illum him pristinae fortunae of his former estate . Absolutus est he is acquited furti of fellony . Hic genitiuus the genitiue case vertitur is turned aliquando sometimes in ablativum into an Ablatiue , vel either cum Praepositione with a Preposition , vel er sine praepositione without a preposition ; ut as Si es if thou beest in iquus judex a partiall Iudge in me against me ego te condemnabo I will comdemne thee eodem crimine of the same crime . Grauiter accusauit hee hath grieuously accused vxorem his wife de pudicitia of vnchastitie . Putaui I thought te esse admonendum that you were to be put in minde ea de re of that matter . Vterque both nullus none , alter another neuter neither of the two , alius another , ambo both & and superlativus gradus the superlatiue degree , non subduntur are not put nisi but in ablativo in the ablatiue case verbis to verbes id genus of that sort : ut as accusas dost thou accuse furti of theft ? an or stupri of dishonesty ? an or vtroque of both , sive or de vtroque of both ? Ambobus of both vel or de Ambobus of both Neutro of neither vel or de neutro of neither . Accusaris thou art accused de plurimis of very many things simul at once . Satago I am busie , or I doe with speede ; misereor I haue pittie on , miseresco I haue compassion , genitiuum admittunt gouerne a genitiue case : ut as is hee satagit hath enough to d●e about rerum suarum his owne businesse . Oro l pray thee miserêre take pity on laborum tantorum so great labours . Miserêre haue compassion vpon animi a mind ferētis suffering non digna vnworthy things . Et and miseresce haue compassion upon generis tui thine owne stocke . At but misereor & miseresco I haue pity on , rarius very seldome leguntur are read cum dativo with a datiue case : ut as succurro I helpe huic this man , misereor I take pitty on huic him . Iure of right dilige loue thou bonos good men , & and miseresce haue pitie on malis bad . Reminiscor to remember , obliviscor to forget . memini I call to minde , desiderant require genitivum a genitiue case aut or accusativum an accusatiue , ut as Reminiscitur he remembreth datae fidei his promise . Est it is proprium the property stultitiae of foliie cernere to see aliorum vitia other mens faults , oblivisci to forget suorum their owne . Faciam I will bring it to passe ut that semper alwaies memineris thou shalt remember mei que both mee , ac and huius diei this day , ac and loci place . Senes old men meminerunt remember omnia all things quae curant which they regard . Memini I made mention de hac re of this matter , de armis of weapons , de te of thee , id est that is , feci mentionem I made mention . Potio● I obtaine jungitur is ioined aut either genitivo with a genitiue case , aut or ablativo an ablatine : ut as Romani the Romanes potiti sunt obtained signorum the ancients , & and armorum the weapons . Troes the Troianes egressi gone out of their shippes potiuntur enioy optata arena the wished shoa●e . OMnia verba all verbs posita put acquisitive acquisitiuely adsciscunt dativum gouern a datiue case eius rei of that thing cui whereunto aliquid somthing acquiritur is procured quocunque modo after what sort socuer : ut as ne● seritur neither is there sowing , nec metitur neither is there mowing mihi for me istic there . Nescio I know not quis oculus what eye fascinat bewitcheth mihi unto mee teneros agnos the young lambes , Verba verbes varij generis of diuerse sorts appendent belong huic regulae to this rule . Imprimis first of all verba significantia verbes signifying commodū profit , aut or incommodum disprofite regunt gouerne dativum a datiue case : ut as illa seges that eared corne demum at the last respondet contents votis the wisht desires avari agricolae of the couetous husbandman . Non potes thou canst not commodare pleasure , nec nor incommodare displeasure mihi mee . Incumbite stand stoutly to remis validis your strong oares Fert he acknowledgeth suam eruditionem his learning acceptam to be receiued tibi of you . Quaedam some ex his of these efferuntur are vsed etiam likewise cum accusativo with an accusatiue case : ut as Omnes ye all studetis study unum one thing , sentitis ye thinke vnum one thing . Si if memorem I should call to minde ea those things quae which conducunt are profitable ad victum to the seeding ventris of the bel●y , mora est it were teadious . Incumbite labour earnestly in haec studia abeut these s●udies . Naturàne whether nature an or doctrina instruction conferat auai●e plus more ad eloquentiam to eloquence , Quies rest iuvat delighteth plurimùm very much fessum the wearied man. Verba verbes comparandi of comparing regunt gouerne dativum a datiue case : ut as Sic so solebam I was wont componere to compare magna great things paruis with small . Adaequauit se he hath made himselfe equall fratri to his brother & hoth opibus in riches & and dignatione in dignity . Interdum sometimes ablatiuus an ablatiue case cū praepositione with a preposition additur is added ; ut as comparo I compare Virgilium Virgil cum Homero with Homer . Aliquando sometimes accusativus an accusatiue case cum praepositione with the preposition ad : ut as Si if cōparatur he be compared ad cum to him , nihil est he is no body . Verba verbs dandi of giuing & and reddendi restoring regunt gouern datiuum a Datiue case : vt as fortuna fortune dedit hath giuen nimium ouer-much multis to māy , satis enough nulli to none . Est he is ingratus vngratefull qui which non reponit layeth not vp gratiam thanks merenti for him that deserueth benè well Haec these verbes habent haue variam constructionē a diuers construction ; Dono I bestow hoc munus this gift tibi on thee Dono I bestow hoc mūere this gift te on thee Impertias bestow aliquid temporis some time huic rei on this thing Gnato impertit Parmenonem greets Parmeno summum suum his singular good friend plurima salute with very many salutations . Aspersit he sprinkled labē a spot mihi on me : Asp●●sit he sprinkled me mee labe with a spot . Instrauit hee spread paenulam his cloake equo vpon his horse . Instravit hee spread equum his horse penula with his cloak , ut as piget it grieueth mee consuluisse , id est dedisse consilium to haue counselled vel etiam or alse prospexisse to haue shifted for infido viro thee a faithlesse man. Què and consulit , id est , petit consilium he asked couns●ll of rectorem ratis the master of the Ship de cunctis astris of all the stars : Cōsulis id est statuis thou dost de●ermin istuc this pessimè as badly as may bee in te against thy selfe , at què and in illum against him , Metuo tibi vel de te I feare for thee , id est sum solicitus pro te I am carefull for thee . Timeo tibi vel de te the same , formido tibi vel de te the same Muteo te vel à te I stand in feare of thee scilicet to wit , ne mihi noceas lest thou shouldest hurt mee : Timeo te vel à te the sam● , formido ●e vel à te , the same . Verba verbes promittendi of promising ac & soluendi of paying r●gunt gouerne Datiuum a Datiue case : vt as promitto I promise tibi thee ac and recipio I take vpon me esse obseruaturum to obse●ue haec these things sanctissimè most deuoutly : Numerauit hee hath ▪ paid aes alienum the deht mihi vnto me . Verba Verbes imperandi of commanding , & and nuntiandi of shew●ng , r●quirunt require d●tiuum a datiue case , vt as Pecunia money collecta hoorded vp imperat commandeth , aut or servit serueth cuique euery man. Saepe often caueto beware quid what di●as thou speakest de quoquo viro of any man , & and cui to whom . Dicimus we say tempero I rule & & moderor I moderate tibi & te thee . Refero I sh●w or make relation tibi & ad te to thee . Item likewise refero ad senatum I rehearse a matter to the Senate , id est propono I propound , scribo I write : mitto I send tibi & ad te to thee . Do I giue or send literas a letter tibi to thee , vt that feras thou shouldest be are it ad aliquem to some other . Do I giue or send literas a letter , ad te to thee , id est , Mitto I send it , vt that legas thou shouldest reade it . Verba Verbes fidendi of trusting regunt gouerne datiuum a Datiue case : vt as Decet it is meete committere to commit nil no●hing nisi but lene that which is pleasant to taste vacuis venis to the emptie veines Ne credas beleeue not mulieri a Woman ne mortuae quidem no though she be dead . Verba verbs obsequendi of obey●ng & and repugnandi of resisting regunt gouerne Datiuum a Datiue case : vt as Pius filius a godly sonne semper alwayes obtemperat obeyeth patri his Father . Omnia all things parent obey virtuti vertue , quae which homines men arant do plow , nauigant doe saile , aedificant doc build ▪ Orabo I will intreat ipsum hunc this very man , supplicabo I will make supplication huic vnto him Occurrite preuent yee morbo a disease venienti that is a comming . Fortuna fortune repugnat resisteth ignauis precibus sloathfull prayers . At but quaedam some ex his of these copulantur are coupled cum alijs casibus with other cases ; ut as Nihil nothing potuit could accedere be added ad amorem to loue . Hoc this accessit was added meis malis to my euils . Illud that cōstat is manifest omnibus , seu inter omnes amongst all Haec these things non cōueniunt fadge not w●ll fratri mecum to my brother and me . Conuenit saeuis vrsis the sauage beares agree inter se amongst themselues . Ausculto tibi , id est obedio I am ruled by thee . Ausculto te id est audio I listen vnto thee . Adamas the Diamond dissidet disagreeth magneti , seu cū magnete with the loadstone . Certat he striueth cum illo with him , & and Graecanicè after the Greekes illi to him . Noli doe not thou pugnare fight duobus , id est contra duos , against two . Dic tu tell thou me quo pignore for what wager certes thou wouldest cōtend mecum with me , Verba verbs minādi of threatning & and irascendi of being angry regunt gouerne datiuum a datiue case : vt as Minatus est he threatned mortem death vtrique to both . Nihil est there is no cause quòd that succenseat hee should be angry with adolescenti the young man. Sum cum compositis with his compounds praeter except possum I am able , exigit requireth datiuum a datiue case : ut as rex pius a godly king est is ornamento an ornament reipublicae to the common wealth . Nec neither obest it is against mihi mee nec neither prodest doth it profite mee . Multa many things desunt are wanting petentibus to them which desire multa many things . VErba verbs composita compounded cum his praepositionibus with these Prepositions , Prae , ad , con , sub , ante , post , ob , in , inter , postulant require dativum a datiue case : 〈◊〉 , Ego praeluxi I haue excelled meis maioribus my ancestors virtute in vertue . Sed but Praeeo I go before , praevincio I binde before , praecedo I goe before , praecurro I runne before , praeuertor I preuent , junguntur are ioyned accusatiuo to an accusatiue case : Ad , Ne admoliaris manum doe not forcibly lay thy band albo gallo on a white cocke Con , Hoc this conducit maketh for laudi tuae thy praise . Conuixit nobis hee liued with vs. Sub , I am already subolet vxori my wise smels out quod ego machinor what I goe about . Ante , Antefero I prefer iniquissimam pacem most vniust peace justissimo bello before most iust warre . Post Posthabeo , Postpono I esteeme lesse of pecuniā money famae then a good name . Tamen yet postposu● mea seria I haue set my serious affaires after illorum ludo their pastime . Qui who posthabuit made small reckoning of suum commodum his own commodity prae meo commodo in comparison of my benefit . Ob , quum when potest shee can obtiudi be thrust nemini vpon none itur they come ad me to mee . In , Periculum danger impendet hangeth ouer omnibus all . Inter , ille hee non modò not onely interfuit was present at huic negotio this busines , sed etiā but also praefuit was the chiefe in it . Pauca som ex his of these mutant change dativum the Datiue case aliquoties sometimes in alium casum into another case : ut as Alius ene praestat excelleth alium another ingenio in wit. Anteit bee excelleth multos virorum many men sapientia in wisdome . Haec vitia these vices insunt in amore are in loue . Interdico I forbid tibi thee aqua water & and igni fire Est pro for habeo I haue exigit requireth datiuum a Da●iue cas● : vt as cuique est euery one hath velle suum his owne liking , nec neither vivitur doe they liue voto vno after one desire . Namque for est mihi pater I haue a father domi at home , est injusta nouerca I haue an hard step-mother . Suppetit it is sufficient est is confine like huic this : vt as non est enim for hee it not pauper poore cuirerum suppetit vsus who hath plenty of things to vse . Sum cum multis alijs with many others adsciscit taketh vnto it geminum Datiuum a double Datiue case ; vt as Mare the Sea est is exitio a destruction avidis nautis to greedie Marriners Speras thou hopest fore that that will be laudi a prayse tibi to thee , quod which vertis thou imputest vitio a fault mihi to me . Nemo no body debet ought accipere to receiue mimos scoffers sibi to himselfe fauori into fauour . Est there is a time vbi when hic Datiuus this Datiue Case tibi to thee , aut or sibi to him , aut etiam or else mihi to me additur is added nulla necessitatis causa for no necessities sake , at but potiùs rather festiuitatis for pleasure ; vt as Ego I hoc effectum dabo will bring this to passe tibi for thee . Expedi dispatch hoc negotium this businesse mihi for me Iugulo I stab hunc this man suo sibi gladio with his owne sword . VErba transitiua verbs transitiues cujuscunque generis of what kinde soeuer siue whether actiui actiue , siue or cōmunis common siue or deponentis deponent exigunt require Accusatiuum an accusatiue case , vt as Fugito auoid thou percontatorem a busie-bodie nam for idem hee est is garrulus a prater . Patulae aures open eares nec retinēt keepe not fidelitèr surely commissa things committed vnto them . Inprimis first of all venerare worship thou Deum God A per a Boare depopulatur spoyleth Agros the fields Quinetiam moreouer verba verbs quamlibet although alioqui otherwise intransitiua no transitiues , atquè and absoluta Neuters ▪ admittunt admit accusatiuum an accusatiue case cognatae significationis of a neere signification ; vt as Nestor viuebat tertiam aetatem liued to the third age or the third thirtieth yeare hominum of men . Incomitata shee vnaccompanied videtur seemeth ire longam viam to goe a teadius way Seruit he serueth duram seruitutem a hard bondage , Authores authors mutant change hunc accusatiuum this accusatiue non raro often in Ablatiuum into an ablatiue case , vt as videor I seeme diu long viuere vita to continue in life . Irerecta via to goe a straight way . Obijt he died morte repentina a sudden death Sunt there are some quae which habent haue accusatiuum an Accusatiue case figuratè by a figure : vt as Nec vox sonat and thy voyce sheweth thee not to bee hominem an earthly creature : ô Dea O Goddesse then certè verily . Qui which simulāt counterfeit . Curios the Curij or continent men & and viuunt liue bacchanalia in riot and banqueting . Rufillus olet smelleth of Pastillos sweet bals , Gorgonius hircum a rammish Goat . Verba Verbes rogandi of asking docendi of teaching vestiendi of araying , regunt gouerne duplicem accusatiuum a double accusatiue case : vt as Modò onely posce tu craue thou veniam pardon Deum of God. Dedocebote I will vnteach thee istos mores th●se manners . Est it is ridiculum a ridiculous thing te admonere me that thou shouldest admonish mee of istud that . Induit se calceos hee put on his shooes quos which exuerat hee had put off priùs before . Verba verbs rogandi of asking interdum sometimes mutant change alterum accusativum the one accusatiue in ablatiuum into an Ablatiue : vt as Obtestemus let vs humbly beseech ipsum him , què and oremus aske veniam pardon ab ipso of him . Quaere were called Denarij ten-penpny pieces , quòd because valebant they were in value denos tenne pieces aeris of brasse Money , quinaril fiuepennie pieces quòd because quinos fi●e-pennie pieces Verba Verbes abundandi of aboundine , implendi of filling , onerandi of loading & and diuersa diuers his to these gaudent ablatiuo gouerne an ablatiue case : vt as Antipho abundas thou exceedest amore in loue Malo I had rather haue vi rum a Man indigentem wanting pecunia Money , quàm than pecuniam Money viro a man Sylla expleuit hath filled omnes suos all his souldiers diuitijs with riche . Expedi discharge te thy selfe hoc crimine of this crime Quibus mendacijs with what lies homines nequissimi onerent doe most wicked men burden te thee . Ego leuabo I will ease te thee hoc fasce of this fardle Participauit he acquainted aliquem familiarē some familiar friend suo sermone which his soeech . Ex quibus of which quaedā some nonnunquam sometimes etiam in genitiuum feruntur gouerne also a Genitiue case : vt as Quàm diues how rich niuei pecoris in catel white as snow , quàm abundans how aboun●ing with lactis milke . Quasi as though tu indigeas thou st●odest in need of huius patris this father . Quid est what is there in hac causa in this matter quod which egeat needeth defensionis defence ? Implentu● they are filled with veteris Bacchi old Wine , pinguisque ferinae & fat Ven●son Postquam after that dextra his right hand fuit was saturata filled with caedis slaughter ▪ Omnes labores all paines fuêre were leues easie mihi to mee praeterquam quòd saue that carendum erat tui I must needes want thoe . Participauit paternū seruū be made his ●athers man priuy to sui consilij his counsell Fungor I doe a dutie , fruor I enioy vtor I vse , & and similia such like junguntur are ioyned ablatiuo to an ablatiue case : vt as Qui they which volunt will adipisci get veram gloriā true prayse , fungantur officijs let them discharge the duties justitiae of iustice Est it is optimum an excellent thing frui to take profit by aliena insania an o●he● mans folly . Iuuat u is a good helpe si if vtare you can vse bono animo a good courage in re mala in a bad matter . Aspice behold vt h●w omnia all thing● laetentur are glad venturo sêclo for the age to come . Qui who tam insolentèr gloriarentur ●id so proud y glorie sua victoria in their victorie . Diruit he pulleth downe , aedificat he buildeth mutat he changeth quadra ta squared things rotundis for round . Vescor carnibus I eate flesh . Haud equidem me dignor now truely I thinke not my selfe worthie of tali honore such honour Vt that gaudeat he may reioyce malis alienis at other mens harmes Supersedendum est wee must leaue off multitudine the multitude exemplorum of examples Numerauit hee accounted eum him societate in the fellowship regni of the kingdome Semper awayes communicabo te mensa mea I w●ll giue thee meate at my t●ble . Prosequor te amore , id est , amo I loue thee : Prosequor te laude , id est , laudo I p●●yse thee : Prosequo● te honore , id est , hon●ro I honour thee . Afficio te gaudio , id est , exhil●ro ● make thee m●rrie : Afficio te supplicio , id est , punio I punish ●h●e : Afficio te dolore , id est , contristo I make thee sad . Mereor I deserue cum aduerbijs w●th these aduerb●s , benè well , malè ill , melius ●etter , pejus worse optimè as well as may be , pessimè as ill as may be , adhaeret cleaueth to ablatiuo an ablatiue case cum praepositione with this preposition de , vt as nunquam bene meritus es thou neuer deseruedst well de me of mee . Erasmus meritus est deserued optimè as w●ll as could be de lingua Latina of the Latine tongue . Catalina Catiline meruit deserued pessimè as ill as could be de Republica of the Common-wealth . Quaedam verba some Verbes accipiendi of receiuing , distandi of being distant , & and auferendi of taking away optant doe defire Ablatiuum an Ablatiue case cum praepositione with a prepositiō : vt as I ampridem long since audiueram I had heard istuc that ex multis of many Ira their anger vix hardly ab●tinet abstaineth à trepido magistro from their trebling master ▪ Est it is fortuitū athing that falleth out by chance nasci to be borne à princibus of Princes . Imperator the Emperour procul abest is far distant ab vrbe frō the city . Hic ablatiuus this Ablatiue case vertitur is turned aliquando somtimes in datiuū into a Datiue : vt as Si if nescis thou knowest not viuere to liue recte order●y discede go thy waies peritis from them that haue skill . Est it is virtus a vertue abstinuisse to haue obstained bonis placitis from good things which haue liked vs. Ait she said nate Dea O thou that art borne of a Goddesse heu alas fuge be packing , eripeque te and conuey thy selfe quickly his flammis from these flames , Ablatiuus an ablatiue case significans signifying mensuram the measure excessus of exceeding adijcitur is put Verbis to verbs , quae which obtinent haue vim the force comparationis of comparison : vt as existimabat hee thought it deforme a very vnseemely thing superari to be excelled ab ijs of those virtutibus in vertues , quos whom praestaret he excelled dignitate in honour . Ablatiuus the Ablatiue case sumptus taken absolutè absolutely additur is added quibushbet verbis to any Verbes : vt as Christus Christ natus est was borne imperante Augusto when Augustus was Emperour , crucifixus crucified imperante Tiberio when Tiberius was Emperour . Credo I thinke pudicitiam chastitie moratam staied in terris on earth Saturno Rege when Saturne was King Nil nothing desperandū is to be despaired of Christo duce Christ being our Captaine , & and auspice Christo Christ being our leader . Audito when it was heard Christum jam venisse that Christ was already come , Maria Mary cucurrit ran , Casus auferendi the ablatiue case additur is put quibusdam verbis to some verbes per Synecdochen by the ●rope Synecdoche & and accusatiuus the Accusatiue case poëticè after the manner of Poets ; vt as Aegrotat he is sick animo in mind magis rather quàm than corpore in body Candet dentes his teeth are white . Rubet capillos his haires are red . Tamen yet quaedam som● efferūtur are vsed in gignendi casu in the genitiue case , vt as Facis thou dealest absurdè absurdly qui which angas te animi tormentest thy selfe in minde . Exanimatus he being amaz●d pendit animi dou●teth in his minde . Desipiebam mentis I doted in minde . Discrutior animi I am troubled in minde , quia because abeundem est mihi I must goe ab domo from home . Diuersi casus diuers cases diuersae rationis of diuers reasons possunt may apponi be put eidem verbo to the same verbe , vt as Dedit hee deliuered vestem his garment mihi to me pignori to gage te praesente thou being present propria m●nu with his ow●e hand . Ablativus the ablatiue case agentis of the doer . Sed but antecedende p●●positione when●● preposition goe●h ●efore , additur is added passiuis to passiues , & interdum and sometimes datiuus a datiue : vt as lauda●ur he is commended ab his of these , culpatur ●lamed ab illis of those Honesta ho●est things non occulta not hidden petuntur are desired bouis viris of good men Quorum participia whose participeles frequentius very often Datiuis gaudent gouerne Datiues , vt as nulla none tuarum sororum of thy sisters audita was heard mihi by me , nec nor visa seene . Oblitusque both forgotten meorum of mine & and obliuiscendus to be forgotten illis of them . Caeteri casus other cases manent stay in passiuis in the passiues , qui which fuerūt haue bin actiuorum the actiues : vt as accusaris thou art accused furti of theft à me by me , Habeberis thou shalt be accounted ▪ ●udibrio a laughing stocke Dedoceberis thou shalt bee otherwise taught istos mores these manners à me by me . Priuaberis thou shall bee depriued magistratu of thy office . Vapu●o I am beaten , vaeneo I am sold , liceo I am prized , exulo I am banished , sio I am made , neutropassiua being neuter passiues habent haue passiuam constructionem the passiue construction : vt as Vapulabis thou shalt be beaten à praeceptore of thy master . Malo I had rathe● spoliari be spoyled à ciue by a Cytizen , quàm then vaenire he sold ab hoste by an enemie . Quid what siet will be done ab illo by him ? Virtus vertue licet is prized paruo pretio at a low rate omnibus by all men Cur why exulat Philosophia is Philosophie banished à conuiuijs from Banquets Verba infinita Verbes of the I●finitiue moode subijciuntur familiariter are vsually put after quibusdam some tum both verbis verbes tum and also Adiectiuis adiectiues , vt as Iuuat it delights them morari that hee should stay vsque a while & and conferre gradum to goe neere him . Amor loue iussit commanded scribere to write quae the things which puduit it were a shame dicere to speake . Pontice ô Ponticus , vis wil● thou fieri be made diues rich ? cupias conet nil nothing Et and erat he was tum then dignus worthy amari to be loued . Gens humana mankinde audax aduenturous perpeti to endure omnia all things , ruit runneth headlong per vetitum nefas through mischiefe forbidden . Interdum sometimes ve●ba infinita verbes of the infinitiue moode ponuntur are put figuratè by a figure & and absolutè absolutely : vt as Haeccinè what that these flagitia wickednesses fieri shall bee committed : Subauditur there is vnderstood decet beseemeth it , oportet behooueth it , par est it is meete , aequum est it is fit , aut aliquid simile or some like verbe . Terrere hee made them afraide criminibus nouis with new crimes , hinc hereupon spargere he cast abroade ambiguas voccs doubtfull speeches in vulgum amongst the common sort , & and conscius being guiltie quaerere did se●ke arma weapons id est that is , terrebat hee did make afraide , spargebat he cast abroad , quaerebat hee did seeke . GErundia Gerunds siue or voces Gerundiuae words like Gerunds , & and supina Supines regunt gouerne casus the cases verborum suorum of their own Verbes : vt as Efferor I am carried away studio videndi with a desire to see parentes my parents . Vtendum est we must make vse of aetate our time , aetas our time praeterit passeth away cito pede with a speedie pace . Mittimus wee send scitatum to require of oracula the Oracles Phoebi of Apollo . Gerundia Gerunds in di pendent doe depend à quibusdam of some tum both substantiuis substantiues , tum and also adiectiuis ●diectiues , vt as Et and quae tanta causa what so great reason fuit tibi had you videndi to see Romam Rome . Innatus amor naturall loue habendi to haue hony vrget vrgeth Cecropias apes the Athenian Bees . Aeneas iam already certus eundi fully determined to goe celsa in puppi in his tall shippe . Infinitiuus modus the infinitiue moode ponitur is put loco in stead gerundij of a Gerund poeticè after the manner of Poets : vt as Quibus studium who haue a desire tueri to defend arua their Fieldes . Peritus skilfull medicari to heale or cure . Interdum sometimes etiam likewise Genitiuus pluralis the Genitiue case plurall non inuenuste not vnelegantly adijcitur is put gerundij vocibus with Gerunds : vt as Quum when contulissem me I had gone in forum into the market illorum videndi gratia for to see them . Date grant copiam leaue ●rescendi nouarum for new comedies to encrease Licētia libertie est concessa is granted diripiendi pomorum to snatch apples atquè obsoniorū & victual● . Gerundia grounds in do pendent do depend ab his praepositionibus of these prepositions , a , ab , abs , de , e , ex cū , in pro : ut as ignaui idle boies cirò deterrentur are soone discouraged à discendo from learning Amor lou● & and amicitia friēd ship vtrumque both the one and the other dictum est is deriued ab amando of louing Vberior gloria greater glory comparatur is gotten ex defendendo by d●fending qùam than ex accusando by accusing . Consultatur they doe consult de transeundo of passing ouer in Galliam into France . Recte scribendiratio the meanes to write well conjuncta est is ioyned cum loquendo with speaking . Petam I will requi●e mercedem a recompence ab hoste of the enemie pro vapulando for being beaten . Ponuntur they art put & and absque praepositione without a Prepreposition : ut as vitium vice alitur is nourished què and crescit increaseth tegendo by couering it , Disces thou shalt learne scribere to write scribendo by writing . Gerundia gerunds in dum pendent doe depend ab his Praepositionibus of these Prepositions inter , ante ad , ob , p●opter : ut as Este be yè hilares merrie inter coenandū at supper time . Tollent they will take ingentes animos ●ustie courages ante domandum befo●e they be tamed . Locus amplissimus a most large place ad agendum to plead in Ne acciperis take not munus a rewarde ob absoluendum to discharge men . Veni I came propter redimendum for to ransome te thee . Cùm when necessitas necessitie significatur is signified , ponuntur they are put citra Praepositionem without a Preposition , addito Verbo est the Verbe est being added ut as orandum est we must pray , vt tha● sit there may be mens sana a sound minde in corpore sano in a sound body . Vigilandum est ei hee must watch qui who cupit des●re●h vincere to ouercome . Ge●undij voces Gerunds vertuntur are turned in nomina Adjectiua into nounes adiectiues : vt as tantus amor so greate a loue florum of slowers & and gloria glorie generandi mallis of making hony Est it is proximum the verie next thing latrocinio to robbery duci to be drawn● prae mio by a bribe ad accusandos homines to accuse men . Cur why adcò delectaris art thou so deligh●ed criminibus inferendis in bringing accusations ? PRius supinum the first S●●ine significat sig●ifieth activè actiuely , & and sequitu● followeth verbū a Verbe aut or participium a participle significans signifiing motū mouing ad lo●ū to a place : ut as Veniunt they came spectatum to see , veniunt they came ut that ipsae they spectentur may be seene . Milites the souldiers sunt missi are sent speculatum to view arcem the Tower. Illa verò but those phrases Do I giue vaenum to be sold , Do I giue filiam my daugh●●● nuptum to be maried , habent houe latētem motum an hidden motion . At but hoc Supinum this Supine in neutropassiuis in neuter passiues , & and cum infinito with the infinitiue moo● iri significat signifieth passiue passi●ely ▪ ut as Ego I dudum erewhile conductus sum was hired coctum to dresse meat , non vapulatum not to be beaten Postqua after that audierat he had heard non datū iri that she should not be giuen vxorē a wife filio to his son ▪ Dicunt me● sp●ake Poeticè after the maner of Poets , Eo I go visere to visite , vado I go videre to see . Et also ponitur it is put absolutè absolutely cum Verbo with the verbe Est : ut as Actum est the matter is past cure , ilicet you may go when you lift , periisti you are vtterly vndone . ●●ū est he went in viscera into the bowels terre of the earth . Cessatum est satis you haue beene idle long enough Posterius supinum the latter Supine significat signifieth passiuè passiuely , & and sequitur followeth nomina Adjectiua nounes Adiectiues : vt as Sum I am extra noxam without fault sed but non est it is not facile an easie matter purgatu to be cleared . Quod that which est is foedum foule or vnhonest factu to be done , idem the same est is & also turpe dishonest dictu to bee spoken . Arbitramur w●e thinke hunc this man dignum worthy spectatu to bee regarded , qui which non mouetur is not moued pecunia with money In istis verò but in these phrases surget he riseth cubitu from bed redit he returneth venatu from hunting , Cubitu & venatu videntur seeme censenda to be thought potiùs rather nomina nounes quàm than supina supines . QVae nounes which significant signifie partem temporis part of time , vsurpantur are vsed frequentiùs verie often in ablatiuo in the ablatiue case rarò seldome in accusatiuo in the accusatiue : vt as Nemo mortalium no man liling sapit is wise omnibus horis at all houres . Mendae blemishes latent are not seene nocte by night . Id tempus about that time creatus est he was created Consul Quamquam although hîc in this place videtur there seemeth esse to be eclipsis a defect praepo sitionis of the preposition per by vel or sub vnder . Que autem but Nounes which denotant doe signifie durationem durance , & and continuationem continuance temporis of time , efferuntur are vttered in accusatiuo in the accusatiue , & interdum and sometimes in ablatino in the ablatiue : vt as iam now hîc in this place regnabitur kings shall raigne ter centum totos annos full three hundred yeares . Ianua the gate atri Ditis of the blacke god of h●ll patet lieth open noctes atque dies nights and dayes . Tamen yet hic in this place poteris you may requiescere rest mecum with me hac nocte this nigh . Imperauit he raigned triennio three years , & decem mensibus and tenn moneths octoquè diebus and eight dayes . Etiam also Dicimus we say : In paucis diebus within a few dayes De die by day : De nocte by night : Promitto I promise in diem against a day Commodo I lend in mensem for a month . Annos ad quinquaginta natus about fiftie yeeares olde . Studui I haue studied per tres annos about three yeears . Puer a boy id aetatis of that age . Non plus triduum aut triduo not more then the space of three dayes Tertio vel ad tertium aboute the third calendas vel calendarum of the calends . SPatium the space loci of a place effertur is vttered in accusativo in the accusatiue case , & interdum and sometime , in ablativo in the ablatiue : ut as Dic tell me quibus in terris in what part of the earth spacium the breadth coeli of heauen patet lieth open tres vlnas three elles non amplius no moe , & and eris thou shalt be mihi vnto me magnus Apollo the great Apollo . I am now processeram I hadde gone forth mille passus a mile . A best be is distant bidui two dayes iourney , subintelligitur there is vnderstoode spatium vel spatio a space itinere vel iter à iourney A best he is distant ad vrbe from the Cittie quingentis millibus passuum fiue hundred thousand paces . NOmina appellativa nounes appellatiues , & and nomina names maiorum locorū of greater places adduntur are added ferè commonly cum praepositione with a preposition uerbis to verbs significantibus signifying motum motion aut or actionem action in loco in a place , ad locum to a place , à loco from a place , aut or per locum by a place : ut as versatur he is c●nuersant in foro in the court . Meruit he serued sub rege vnder the king in Gallia in France , Iliades the Troian woman ibat went ad templum to the temple non aequae Paladis of vn iust Palas , Maiores natunobiles the eider noble men legantur are sent in embassage in Hispaniam into Spaine . Decedens I departtingè Sicilia out of Sicilie veni came Rhodum to Rhodes . Ibis thou shalt goe per mare by sea ad Indos to the Indians . Omne verbum euery verb genitivum admittit gouerneth a genitiue proprij nominis of the proper name loci of a place in quo wherein actio an action fit is done , modo so that sit it be primae vel secūdae declinationis of the first or second declension , & and singularis numeri singular number ; ut as quid what faciam shall I doe Romae at Rome ? mentiri nescio I cānotly , Samia fuit was mihi mater my mother , ea sh● habitabat dwelt Rhodi at Rhodes . Hi genitivi these genitiues , humi on the ground , domi at home , militiae in warre ▪ belli in warre , sequuntur do follow formam the form propriorum of proper names ; ut as viximus we liued simul together domi at home belliquè and in warre . Arma weapons sunt are parva little worth foris abroad , nisi except est there bee consilium counsell domi at home . Domi at home non patitur suffereth not alios genitivos other genitiue cases secum with him , quàm then meae mine , tuae thine , suae his , nostrae ours , vestrae yours , alienae another mans ut as Vescor Ieate domi meae at mine owne house , non alienae not at another mans . Verùm but si if proprium nomen th● proper name loci of a place fuerit be duntaxat onely pluralis numeri of the plurall number ▪ aut or tertiae declinationis the third declension ponitur it is put in dativo in the datiue case aut or ablativo ablatiue : ut as Colchus an Asian an or Assyrius a Syrian , nutritus one broght vp Thebis at Thebes an or Argis at A●gos . Gotulicus scribit writeth Lentulum genitū that Lentulus was borne Tyburi at Tybur . Praesidium the garrison Anxuri at Anxur neglectum is neglect●d . Fuit he was Carthagine at Carthage cū vna sola legione with one onely band of souldiers . Ventosus I being vn constant , amo do loue Tybur Romae at Rome , Romam Rome Tybure at Tibur . Quum when tu thou mensas hospitū convomeres didst vomit vp thy hosts good cheere , Narbone at Narbō . Commendo I commend tibi vnto thee domum ejus his house , quae which est is Sycione at Sycion . Sic in like manner , vtimur we vse ruri vel rure in the country in ablatiuo in the ablatiue case ; ut as Continet se he keepes himselfe fere commonly rure in the countrey Est tibi thou hast far modicum a little corne rure paterno at thy fathers country farme . Proprium the proper name loci of a place apponitur is put verbis to verbs significantibus signifying motum a motion ad locum to a place , in accusativo in the accusatiue case : ut as Concessi I went Cantabrigiam ●o Cambridge ad capiendum ingenij cultum to get learning : Eo Londinum I goe to London ad merces emendas to buy wares . Ad hunc modum after this sort vtimur we vs● ●us the countrey , & and domus an house : ut as Ego ibo I will go rus into the countrey . Capellae my goates saturae yet being full ite go yee domum home , Hesperus the euening venit draw●thon , ite be ye packing . Proprium the proper name loci of a place adjicitur is put verbis to verbs significātibus signifying motum motion à loco from a place , aut or per locum by a place in ablativo in the ablatiue case : ut as nisi but that antè heretofore profectus esses thou hadst gone Roma frō Rome ; nunc now relinqueres you shall leaue eam i● . Sum I am facturus about to make iter my iourney Eboraco siue per Eboracum by Yorke Ad eundē modū after the same manner domus an house & and rus the countrey vsurpantur are vsed : ut as Nuper of late exijt he went domo from home . Timeo I feare nè lest that pater my father redierit be returned rure out of the countrey . HAec tria impersonalia these three impersonals interest it maketh matter or forceth , refert it skilleth or boote●h , & and est it concerneth , annectūtur are ioyned quibuslibet genitivis to any genetiues praeter hos ablativos except those ablatiues foemininos feminine . Meâ mine , tuâ thine , suâ his , nostrâ ours , vestrâ yours , & and cuiâ whose ; ut as Interest it concerneth Magistratus a Magistrate , tueri to defend bonos the good , animaduertere in malos to punish the badde . Multum refert it is very profitable Christianae reipublicae for a Christian common wealth , Episcopos esse that the Bishops bee doctos learned & and pios godly Est it is the point prudentis of a wise man dissimulare to winke at multa many things : Tuâ refert it is expedient for thee nosce to know teipsum thy selfe . Ea caedes that murder potissimum chiefly datur is imputed crimini a crime ei to him cuiâ interfuit whom it concerned , non ei not to him cuiâ nihil interfuit whō it nothing cōcerned . Et also illi genitivi those genetiues adjiciuntur are added . Tanti for so much as , magni for much , parvi for little , quanticunque how great soever , tantidem for so much ; ut as magni refert it is greatly to bee regarded quibuscum with whom vixeris thou leadest thy life . Tanti refert it so greatly behooueth agere to do honesta honest things : vestri parvâ interest it little toucheth you . Et and interest it belongeth ad meam laudem to my commendation . Haec impersonalia these impersonals feruntur are carried in dativum into the datiue case : Accidit it falleth out , certum est it is sure , contingit it chanceth , constat it is manifestly knowne , confert it helpeth , competit it agreeth or is conuenient , conducit it is good and auaileable , conuenit it is meet , placet it pleaseth , displicet it displeaseth , dolet it grieueth , expedit it is expedient , euenit it happeneth , liquet it is cleare libet it contenteth or liketh , licet it is lawfull , nocet it hurteth , obest it hindereth , prodest it profiteth , praestat it is better , patet it is open , stat it is resolued , restat it remaineth , benefit it happeneth well , malefit it happeneth ill , satisfit it is satisfied , superest it remaineth , sufficit it is sufficient , vacat pro otium est there is leasure : ut as Conuenit mihi tecum I and thou agree together . Praestat it is better mihi for mee emori vtterly to dye per virtutem by my manhood , quàm than viuere to liue per dedecus in disgra●e . Non vacat Iovi Iupiter is not at leasure adesse to be present exiguis rebus at small matters . Dolet it grieueth imprudenti the vnwarie & libero adolescenti and ▪ franke young man dictum that it was spoken . Malefit it falleth out ill priuignis to sonnes in law à nouerca by their stepmother . Benefit it commeth well to passe nobis to vs à Deo from God. Star mihi id est statutum est I am determined renouare to renew casus omnes all hazards . Haec impersonalia these impersonals , iuvat it delighteth , decet it becommeth , cum compositis with their compounds delectat it delighteth , oportet it behooueth , exigunt require ▪ accusandi casum an accusatiue case : ut as iuvat me it delighteth mee ire to goe per Altum by Sea. Decet it becommeth vxorem a wife curare to looke to aedes her house . Dedecet it becommeth not viros men rixare to scolde muliebriter like women ▪ Oportet it behoueth patrem familias an housholder esse to bee vendacem a seller , non emacem not a buyer : Praepositio verò but the preposition , Ad , additur is added propriè properly his to these , attinet it belongeth , pertinet it pertaineth , spectat it tendeth vnto or lyeth vpon , ut as Visnè will you me dicere ▪ that I speake quod that which attinet belongeth ad te vnto thee ? Spectat it belōgeth ad omnes to all bene viuere to liue well , pertinet it appertaineth in vtramque partem to both parts . Accusativus an accusatiue case cum genitivo with a genitiue subjicitur is put after his impersonalibus these impersonals Poenitet it repenteth , taedet it irketh or wearieth , miseret it pittieth , miserescit it hath cōpassion on , pudet i● sh●meth , piget it grieueth ▪ ut as si if vixisset h●e had liued ad centesimum annum to the hundreth yeer nō poeniteret eum it wold not repent him senectutis suae of his old age . Taedet it irketh animam meam my soule vitae meae of my life . Miseret te thou h●st compassion on aliorum others . Nec miseret I neither pittie , nec pudet nor am ashamed tui of thee . Quidem ind●ed piget it grieueth , p●detque and ashameth me mee fratris for my brother . Nonnulla impersonalia some impersonalles remigrant do returne backe aliquando sometimes in personalia into personals : ut as Arbusta the shrubbes humilesque miricae and the low tamyrixses non juvant delight not omnes all men Namque for mollia regna womanish kingdomes decent become animos tuos thy courage . A●bor a tree producta ad frugem growne vp to beare fruit delectat delighteth agricolam the husbandman . Nemo no man commiserescit pittyetb miserorum the miserable . Non pudet istud Doeth not this thing shame te thee ? Non pudent haec Doe not these things shame te thee ? Coepit it beginneth , incipit it beginneth , desinit it ceaseth , debet it ought , solet it is w●nt , & and potest it may juncta being ioyned impersonalibus to impersonalles , induunt take vpon ●hem formam the forme impersonalium of impersonals , ut as ubi primùm so soone as coeperit it beganne non conuenire to bee no agreement questio a question oriebatur did arise . Solet it is wont taedere to grieue avaros he couetous impendij of charge . Desinit it ceaseth taedere to grieue illum him studij of his studie . Debet it ought pudere to shame sacerdotem the priest inscitiae of ignorance . Non potest it is not possible adsummū peruenire that the principall end should bee attained nisi but ex principijs by the beginnings . Verbum impersonale a verbe impersonall passiuae vocis of the passiue voice obtinet hath similem casum the like case cum personalibus passivis with personalles passiues : ut as pugnatur ab hostibus the enemies fought constantèr without giuing ouer . Qui quidem casus which case indeede interdum sometimes non exprimitur is not expressed : ut as Discumbitur they sit downe strato ostro vpon scarlet spread abroad . Verbum impersonale a verbe impersonall passiuae vocis of the passiue voice potest may accipi bee taken pro singulis personis for euery person utriusque numeri of both numbers indifferenter indifferently ut as statur it is stood , id est , sto I stand , stas thou standest , stat hee standeth , stamus wee stand , statis yee stand , stant they stand : videlicet that is to say ex vi by the force obliqui of an oblique case adjuncti ioyned vnto it vt as Statur à me , id est , sto I stand : Statur ab illis , id est , stant they stand . PArticipia Participles regunt gouerne casus the cases Verborum of the verbes , à quibus whereof deriuantur they are deriued : ut as Tendens holding duplices palmas his two hands ad sidera towards the skies , refert voce hee vttereth talia such things . Capellae the young goates referent domum will come home ubera their vdders distenta stretched out lacte with milke . Diligendus to bee beloued ab omnibus of all Quamvis al●h●ugh dativus the datiue case est is u●●tatior more vsed in his in these : ut as Chremes restat remaineth qui who est is exorandus to be earnestly intreated mihi of me . Voces Participiorum Participles cùm when fiunt they are made nomina nounes , postulant require genitivum a genitiue case ; ut as Appetēs greedie alieni of another mans goods . Profusus lau●shing sui of his owne . Cupientissimus most desirous tui of thee . Inexpertus vnexperienced belli in warre . Indoctus vnskilfull pilae at the ball . Exosus hating , perosus bearing a deadly hatred , pertaesus weary , significant signify activè actiuely , & and feruntur are carried in accusativum into an accusatiue case : ut as Perosus vtterly detesting immūdam segnitiem foule idlenesse . Astronomus an Astronomer exosus that abhorreth mulieres women ad vnum in generall . Pertaesus wearie of ignaviam suam his owne sloathfulnesse . Exosus hated & and perosus hated vnto death etiam also leguntur are read cum dandi casu with a datiue ease videlicet that is significantia signifying passivè passiuely : ut as Germani the Germās perosi sunt are vtterly de●ested Romanis of the Romanes . Exosus hated Deo of God. & sanctis and of the Saints . Natus borne , prognatus borne , satus sowne or sprung , cretus come vp or ●rowne , creatus created or formed , ortus risen , editus brought forth , in ablativum feruntur gouerne an ablatiue case : ut as Bona an honest Damsell prognata borne bonis parentibus of good parents . Sate O thou that art descended of sanguine the bloud Divûm of the Gods. Quo sanguine of what bloud cretus is he come ? Venus o● ta mari come of the Sea , praestat mare maketh the Sea better eunti for the passengers . Editus brought forth of terra the earth . EN & Ecce Aduerbia aduerbs demonstrandi of shewing adiunguntu● are ioyned frequentius very often nominativo with a nominatiue case , rariùs very seldome accusativo with an accusatiue : ut as En loe where is Priamus , etiam hic euen heere sua praemia his rewards sunt laudi are his praise . Ecce loe what is status noster our state tibi for thee . En see quatu●r aras foure alta●s : Ecce see duas two tibi for thee , Daphni Daphnis , duoque altaria and two altars Phoebo for Phoebus . En & ecce exprobrantis aduerbs of vpbraiding nectuntur are knit solum accusativo to an accusatiue case only , ut as En animum see his disposition & mentem and his mind . En habitum see his fashion : Ecce autem but lo alterum another . Quaedam adverbia certaine aduerbes loci of place , temporis of time , & and quantitatis of quantity , recipiunt take genitivum a genitiue case post se after them . Loci of place ; ut as vbi where , vbinam in what place , nusquam no where : eò thither , longè by farre , quo whither , vbivis in anie place , hucci , ne what hither ? ut as Vbi gentium in what countrey ? Quo terrarum into what part of the world abiit is he gone ? Inuenitur he is foūd nusquam loci in no place . Ventum est it is come to eò impudētiae that impudence . Temporis of time ; ut as nunc now , tunc at that time , tum then , interea in the meane while , pridiè the day before , postridiè the day after : ut as Poteram I could do nil nothing tunc temporis at that time amplius more quàm than flere weepe . Inierant they entred pugnā the fight pridiè the day before eius diêi that day : pridiè the day before Calendarū seu Calēdas the Calends Quantitatis of quātitie : ut as parū a little , satis enough , abundè sufficient : ut as satis eloquentiae wards enow , sapientiae parùm little wisedome . Audiuimus wee haue ●eard abundè fabularum tales enow . Instar signifi●at signifieth aequiparationem equality or matching , mēsuram measure , aut or similitudinē likenes : ut as Aedificant they build equum an horse divina arte by the diuine art Palladis of Pallas instar montis as bigge as a mountaine● Philippus Philip solus alone mittitur is sent , in quo erat instar omnium auxiliorum who could doe as much as all helpers besides . Sed but hoc scelus this wicked act habet hath pondus the weight & and instar the measure meriti of a reward . Hic in this place interdum somtimes praepositio the preposition ad apponitur is put to : ut as Vallis the dale clauditur is inclosed ad instar castrorum euen as a campe , Populus Romanus the people of Rome è parua origine from a small beginning emicuit is growne vp ad instar to the likenesse tantae magnitudinis of so great bignesse : a● alas minimè gentium no in no wise non faciam ● will not doe it : Hic genitivus this genetiue case gentium additur is added festiuitatis causa for elegancie sake . Quaedam certaine aduerbes dativum admittunt gouerne a datiue case nominum of the nounes vnde wherof sunt deducta they are deriued : ut as Venit hee came obviam illi to meete him Nam for obuius illi to mee●e him dicitur is spoken . Canit he singeth similiter huic lik● this man. Et and vivit hee liueth inutiliter vnprofitably sibi to bimselfe . Sedet hee sitteth propinquiùs nearer tibi thee qu●m than mihi mee ▪ Et also hi dativi these datiues sunt are adverbiales like aduerbes : Tempori by time , luci by day , vesperi in the euening : ut as Venit hee came tempore by time quod which est is primum the chiefest omnium rerum of all things . Occidit hee slew hominem a man luci by day . Vidi I saw it affer●i brought ad vos to you vesperi in the euening Sunt there are some quae which accusandi casum admittunt gouerne an accusatiue case praepositionis of the preposition , unde whereof sunt profecta they are com● : ut as Castra the tents moventur are mooued propriùs nearer vrbem the Citie . Mauri the Moores sunt are proximè next Hispaniam Spaine . Cedò flagitantis an aduerbe of one earnestly desiring exhiberi to be giuen or presented regit gouerneth accusativum an accusatiue case , ut as Cedò appoint quemv is arbitrum any arbitratour . Adverbia aduerbs diversitatis of diuersitie , aliter otherwise secus otherwi●e , & and illa duo these two , antè post ▪ non rarò inueniu●tur are not seldome found cum ablativo w●●h an ablatiue case , ut as Multo aliter much otherwise ; Paulò secus little otherwise : Multò ante much before : longè secus farre otherwise . Venit hee came longò pòst tempore a long time after . Paulò post , a little after . Nisi except & also ipsa they sunt censenda bee to bee thought potiùs rather aduerbia aduerbs . Aduerbia aduerbs comparatiui & superlativi gradus of the comparatiue and superlatiue degree casus admittunt gouerne the case assuetos accustomed subservire to bee set after comparativis the comparatiues & and superlativis superlatiues , sicut as est it is praeceptum taught ante before : ut as accessit hee came p●opriùs nearer illo then the other . Dixit hee sp●ke optimè bes● omnium of all Legimus wee reade proprius nearer ad deos to the Gods , & and propriùs à terris the lesse sp●ce off from the earth . Paulo plus somewhat more trecenta vehicula than three h●ndred chariots amissa sunt are lost . Plus more duo millia hominum than two thousand men , caesa slains eo die that day . Plus more reperitur is found junctum ioyned nominativo to a nominatiue case , genitivo a genitiue , accusativo an accusatiue , & and ablativo an ablatiue : ut as Plus more quàm than quinquaginta hominum fiftie men ceciderunt were slaine . Acies the armie abierat was gone paulo plus a little more quingentos passus than fiue hundred pases . Fui I haue beene in nave in the ship triginta dies thirtie dayes a●t or plus eò more then that . QVibus modis with what moodes verborum of verbes quae adverbia what aduerhs cōgruant do agree . Vbi when postquàm after that , & and cum when aduerbia aduerbes temporis of time apponuntur are put interdum sometimes indicativis verbis with indicatiue verbs , interdùm verò and somtimes subiunctivis with subiunctiues , ut as Vbi when dedit hee gaue haec dicta these words . Vbi when nos wee laverimus haue washed , si if voles you will , lavato wash you . Cùm when faciam vitula I shall sacrifice a yong Cow pro frugibus for corne , ipse venito come thou . Cùm when canerem I sang of Reges Kings & and praelia warres , Cynthius Apollo aurem vellit twitched mee by the care . Hîc in this place prius the former videtur seemeth esse to bee aduerbium an aduerbe , posterius the latter coniunctio a coniunction . Donec pro for quamdiu so long as gaudet reioyceth indicativo with an indicatiue moode : ut as Donec so long as eram I was sospes safe . Pro for quousque vntill exigit requireth nunc sometimes indicativum an indicatiue moode , nunc sometimes subiunctivum a subiunctine : ut as Donec vntill iussit he bade cogere to gather oves the sheep stabulis in the sheepfolds numerumquè referre and to count them . Donec vntill ea aqua that water quam which adieceris thou hast added sit be decocta boiled . Donec whiles that eris thou shalt be foelix rich numerabis thou shalt number multos amicos many friēds Dum , de re praesenti of a thing present , non perfecta not perfect , aut or pro for quamdiu so longas , poscit requireth faciendi modum the indicatiue moode : ut as Dum whilest that virgo the maid apparatur is a making ready in conclaui in the inner parlour . Ego volo I will haue te thee dici bee called meum my sonne , tantisper dum so long as facis thou doest quod that which est is dignum beseeming te thee . Dùm pro for dummodò so that , nectitur is ioyned aliâs one while potentiali to the potentiall , alias another while subiunctiuo to the subiunctiue ; ut as ; dū so that prosim I may profit tibi thee . Dum so that ne comperiam I finde not me falli that I am deceiued ab hoc by this sellow . Dum pro for donec vntill tantùm only subiunctivo to the subiunctiue ; ut as Dum vntill tertia aestas the third summer viderit shall see regnantem him raigning Latio in Italie . Quod pro for quamdiu as long as adhibetur is put vel either Indicativis to Indicatiues vel or subiunctivis subiunctiues : pro for Donec vntill , subiunctivis solis to subiunctiues onely : ut as Quoad as long as expectes thou expectest contubernalem thy chamber fellow . Quoad as long as possem I could & and liceret might , nunquam discederem I would neuer depart ab eius latere from his side . Seruabo I will keepe omnia all things integra entire and whole quoad vntill exercitus the army huc mittatur be sent hither . Simulac as soone as simulatque as soone as adhaerēt cleaue to indicativo the indicatiue moode , & and subiunctivo subiunctiu● , ut as Simulac as soone as erat he was patiens able to abide belli warre . Simula●que as soone as aetas age adoleverat waxed ripe . Quemadmodum euen as , ut as vtcunque howsoeuer , sicut as vtrunque admittunt modum gouerne both moods ut as ; Vt euen as salutabis thou shalt salicte , ita so & also resalutaberis thou shalt be saluted backe againe . Vt as feceris sementem thou hast sowne , ita so & also metes shalt thou reape . Vt pro for postquàm after that iungitur is ioyned indicativo to the indicatiue : vt as , Vt after that ventum est they came in vrbem into the Citie . Quasi as , ceu as , tanquam as , perinde acsi euen like as , haud sccus acsi no otherwise then as , quum when habent they haue proprium verbum a proper verbe , apponuntur are put subiunctivo to the subiunctiue moode : ut as Tanquam as though ipse thy selfe feceris hast done aliquid somewhat . Quasi as if non norimus nos wee know not our selues inter nos amongst our selues . Aliàs otherwise copulant they couple consimiles casus like cases : ut as Noui I knew hominem the man tanquam te euen as thy selfe . Arridet mihi hee smiles on me quasiamico as on a friend . Ne prohibendi an aduerbe of forbidding praeponitur is set before vel either imperat●●● Imperatiues , vel or subiunctivis subiunctiues , ut as Magna sacerdos ô great prophetesse ne saevi be not so eager Hic he est is magnus ne bulo a great knaue , ne metuas doe not feare him . Ne pro for non net inseruit caeteris modis gouerns other moods . Aduerbia aduerbes casu accedente if a case bee added transeunt in praepositiones are turned into prepositions : ut as vacuus viator the moneylesse traueller cantabit will sing coram latrone before a thiefe . COnjunctiones copulatiuae coniunctions copulatiues , & and disiunctivae disiunctiues , cum his quatuor with these foure , quàm than , nisi except praeterquam saue that , an whether , omnino nectunt doe altogether ioyne similes casus like cases : ut as Socrates docuit taught Xenophontem Xenophon & and Platonem Plato . Vtinam I wou●d to God esses thou wert calidus warm● , aut or frigidus colde . Nescio I know not an whether homo the man sit be albus white an or ater blacke . Est he is minor natu yonger quàm than tu you Placet hee pleaseth nemini none nisi except vel or praeterquam saue sibi himselfe . Exceptio an exception , si if aliqua priuata ratio some priuate reason casualis dictionis of a casuall word repugnet gainesay , vel or p●scat require aliud another thing ▪ ut as Emi I bou●ht librum a bo●ke cen tussi for an hundred asses or a noble , & and plutis more . Vixi I liued Romae at Rome , & and Venetijs at Venice . Descendat let it sinke in aures into the eares Meti Iudicis of censuring Metius , & and patris your father , & and nostras mine Conjunctiones copulatiuae coniunctions copulatiues & and disiunctiuae disiunctiues aliquoties somtimes conglutinant couple similes modos like moodes & and tempora tenses : ut as Stat he stands recto corpore with his bodie vpright dispicitquè and looks downe at terras the ground . Aliquotiesautem but somtimes similes modos like moodes , sed but diuersa tempora diuers tenses . ut as Nisi but that lactasses thou haddest allured me amantem mee being in lou● & and produceres drewest me on vana spe with vaine hope . Egi I haue giuen tibi thee gratias thankes & and aliquando sometimes possum may callaudare te commend thee . Etsi albeit , tametsi although , etiamsi although , quanquam howbeit , in principio in the beginning orationis of a sentence postulant require indicativos modos indicatiue moodes , in medio in the middle , saepius very often subiunctivos subiunctiues Quamvis although , & and licèt although , frequentiùs more often subiunctivos subiunctiues ; ut as Etsi although nihil noui no newes afferebatur was brought , Quanquàm although animus my minde horret is agast meminisse to remember . ●●●mvis although Graecia Greece miretur admires at Elysios campos the Flysian fieldes . Licet albeit Homere ô Homer ipse thy selfe venias doest come comitatus accompanied musis with the Muses , si if attuleris thou hast brought nihil nothing , foras out of doore Homere ô Homer ibis shalt thou goe . Ni but that , nisi except , si ●f , si quidem for truely , quòd because , quia for as much as , quàm than , postquam since that , posteaquam after that Vbi pro for postquam since that , nunquam neuer , priusquam before that , adhaerent cleaue to & both indicatiuis indicatiues & and subiunctivis subiunctives : ut as Gaudeo I am glad quòd redie●is because you are returned incolumis safe . Castigo te I chasten thee non quòd odio habe am not because I hate thee , sed quòd amē but because I loue thee . Indicas you shew alium honestum another maner of honesty quàm than Philosophi the Philosophers statuunt set downe ; accusas thou ac●●sest graviùs more grieuously quàm than tua consuetudo thy custome patitur permitteth . Si if iungitur is ioyned vtrique modo to bo●h moodes . At but si if pro for quamuis although tantùm onely subiunctivo to the subiunctiue ut as Redeam should I returne ? non no si me obsecret although shee intreate me . Si quis if any tantum onely indicativo to the indicatiue : ut as Si quis if any adest be present . Quando sith that , quandoquidem for as much as , quoniam because iungitur are ioyned indicativo to an indicatiue ut as Dicite say on , quandoquidem for as much as consedimus wee are set together in molli herba in the soft grasse : Quoniam because mihi non credis thou belieuest me not , ipse facito periculum thou thy selfe make tryall . Quippe surely for as much as cùm when habet it hath proprium verbum a proper verbe gaudet indicativo gouernes the indicatiue : ut as Venia pardon danda est is to be giuen huic to this man , quippe surely aegrotat he is sicke ▪ Si addideris if you adde qui which , vtrumque admittit modum it gouerneth both moodes : ut as Venia pardon non est is not danda to be giuen huic to this man quippe qui as he that peierauit siue peierauerit is forsworne iam already bis twice . Qui , cùm when habet it hath vim causalem the force of a reason , postulat requireth subjunctivum a subiunctiue : ut as Es thou art stultus a foole qui credas seeing that thou creditest huic this sellow . Cùm pro for quamvis although , pro for quandoquidem seeing that , vel or quoniā because semper euermore adhaeret eleaueth to subiunctivo the subiunctiue : ut as Cùm although nos dicamus wee say nihil posse that nothing can praecipi be deliu●red in precepts , tamē yet solemus are wee wont disserere to discourse de alijs rebus of other matters . Grandive O Mars cùm seeing that sis thou art aptus fitte virilibus officijs for manly charges . Cùm & and tum , item also tum geminatum doubled copulant couple similes modos like moodes . Est autem but there is in cum quiddam minus a certaine lesse thing , atquè and ideo therefore statuitur it is placed in priore parte in the former part clausulae of the clause , in tum quiddam maius a certaine greater thing , ac and pro inde therefore collocatur it is set in posteriore parte in the latter part clausulae of the cause : ut as Amplectitur he makes much of cùm both omnes eruditos all learned men tum inprimis and especially Marcellum Marcellus . Odit he hateth tùm both literas learning tum and also virtutem vertue . Ne what , an whether , num whether or no , particulae particles interrogandi of asking amant doe loue indicativum the indicatiue moode : ut as Superatne is hee aliue & and vescitur aura aetherea breathes he ? At but cùm when accipiuntur they are taken dubitativè doubtfully aut or indefinitè indefinitely postulant they require subiunctivum the subiunctiue : ut as vise goesee num whether redierit hee be returded ▪ Nihil refert it booteth nothing at all fecerisnè whether you haue done it , an persuaseris or perswaded it . Vt coniunctio causalis a coniunction causall seu or perfectiva perfect , & and ut pro for ne non lest not , post verba after verbs timoris of feare jungitur is ioyned nunc sometimes potentiali to the potentiall , nunc sometimes subjunctivo to the subiunctiues : ut as Perduxêre they brought illue thither filium mcum my sonne , ut to the end that esset hee should he vna together secum with them . Dave ô Dau●s te oro I intreat thee , ut that jam now redeat hee may returne in viam into the way Metuo I feare ut substet id est ne non substet hospes that this stranger will not abide constant Vt concedentis a coniunction of yeelding , seu or positum put pro for quanquam although , & and ut pro for utpote for as much as , seruet serues subjunctivo the subiunctiue : ut as , ut albeit omnia all things cōtingunt should fall out quae which volo I would non possum I cānot leuari be eased . Non est tibi fidēdum no trust is to be giuen thee ut qui toties fefelleris decause thou hast so often deceiued , ut qui fueris for as much as thou hast been relictus left solus alone ▪ Vt pro for postquàm after that , pro for quemadmodum as , vel or sicut l●ke as & and interrogativum an interrogatiue nectitur is coupled indicativis with indicatiues : ut as Vt after that discessi I departed ab vrbe from the Citi● , intermisi I omitted nullam diem no day quin scriberem but I wrote . Tamen yet perge tu goe thou forward facere to make has nuptias this mariage , ut as facis thou doest . Credo I thinke so , ut est dementia like as is his madnes Vt valet how fares hee ? Vt how meminit remembers hee nostri vs ? Quanquam although dictū est we spoke paulo suprà somewhat hefore de hoc of this quoquè also in constructione in the construction aduerbij of an aduerbe . PRaepositio a preposition subaudita vnderstood interdum sometimes facit causeth ut that ablatiuus an ▪ ablatiue case addatur be added : ut as Habeo te I haue thee loco id est in loco in stead parentis of a father . Apparuit he appeared illi vnto him humana specie id est sub humana specie vnder the shape of a man. Discessit he is departed magistratu id est à magistratu from his office . Praepositio a preposition in compositione in composition , nonnunquàm sometimes regit gouerneth eundem casum the same case , quem which & also regebat it gouerned extra compositionē without cōposition : ut as nec posse and not to be able auertere to turne away Regem the Kinge Teucrorum of Troians Italia from Italy ? Praetereo te . I passe by thee insalutatum vnsaluted . Postes the posts emoti cardine moued out of their places , procumbunt lie flat on the ground . Detrudunt they thrust naves the ships scopulo from the rocke . Verba verbs composita compounded cum with a , ab , ad , con , de , e , ex , in , nonnunquàm sometimes repetunt repeat easdem praepositiones the same prepositions cum suo casu with their case extra compositionem without composition , id que and that eleganter elegantly : ut as abstinuerunt they haue abstained à viris from men . Advocabo I will call amicos my friends ad hanc rem to this businesse . Conferemus wee will compare cum legibus with the lawes . Nunquam cogitavi I neuer thought detrahere to detract de tua fama from thy good name . Cùm when euaseris thou art escaped ex insidijs out of snares . Postquam after that excessit ex ephebis hee passed out from among the young striplings . Incumbe in Rempublicam bee carefull of the Common-wealth cogitatione with thy cogitation curaque and care . In pro for erga towards , contra against , & and ad to habet hath accusativum an accusatiue case : ut as , Accipit she taketh animum mentemque benignam a courteous minde and meanning in Teucros towardes the Troians . Quid tantum what so great matter meus Aeneas could my Aeneas committere commit in te against thee . Quid what potuêre could Troës the Troians ? Quò te Moeri pedes , Mer●s whether goest thou ? an what in urbem into the Citie quo whither via the way ducit leads ? Item lik●wise In iungitur is ioyned accusativo to an accusatiue case , quoties so often as diuisio diuision mutatio change aut o● incrementum the increase rei of a thing cum tempore with time significatur is signified : ut as Estquè and there is locus a place ubi where via the way find it se deuideth it selfe in ambas partes into two parts . Troja Troy versa est is turned in cineres into ashes , viro sospite ●● husband being safe . A●or loue crescit mihi growes in mee in horas euery houre . In , cùm when actus an action in loco in a place significatur is signified , postulat requireth ablativum an ablatiue case ▪ ut as scilicet forsooth ; ut as fulvum aurum yellow gold spectatur is tried in ignibus in the fire : Sub pro for , ad to , per by or through , & and , ante before innititur leaneth to accusativo an accusatiue : ut as Properemus let vs hasten sub vmbram to the shadow . Legati the Embassadoures ferè in a manner , sub id tempus id est per id tempus about that time missi are sent ad res repetendas to recouer the things lost . Cura care recursat begins a fresh sub noctem id est paulò antè noctem a little before night vel or instante nocte the night approching . Aliàs otherwise ablativum admittit it gouernes an oblatiue : ut as aetas time in apricum proferet will bring into open light quicquid whatsoeuer est is sub terra vnder the ground . Sub nocte silenti id est in nocte silenti in the silent night . Super pro for vltra beyond jungitur is ioined accusativo to an accusatiue case , ut as Proferet he will extend imperium his empire super Garamantes beyond the Africans , & and Indos Indians . Super pro for de of , & and in ablativo to an ablatiue : ut as Multus variusque rumor manifold and diuers report super ea re of that mater . Super viridi fronde vpon greene branches . Subter vnder vno significatu in one signification jungitur is ioyned vtrique casui to both cases apud authores with authors ; ut as Pugnatum est they fought supra aboue subtèrque and vnder terras the ground . Libet it likes mee ferre to endure omnes casus all hazards subter densa testudine vnder a thicke shelter . Tenus vp to gaudet reioyceth ablativo with an ablatiue , & both singulari singular , & and plurari plurall : ut as Pube tenus vp to the priuy parts . Pectoribus tenus vp to the breasts . At but genitivo with the genitiue plurali plura i tantum onely : ut as Crulrum tenus vp to the thighs ▪ Praepositiones prepositions , cùm when amittunt they loose casum their case , migrant in aduerbia doe change into aduerbes : ut as Venit he came longo pòst tempore a long time after . Coniux my wife subit followes pone beh●nde , feremur we are carried per opaca locorum thorow darke places Aeneas I Aeneas Troius the Troian quem whom quaeritis ye s●●ke , adsum am here coram in presence . INterjectiones Interiections ponuntur are put non rarò often absolutè absolutely , & and sine casu without case : ut as Connixa she yeaning reliquit left spem gregis the hope of the flocke , ah alas in nuda silice vpon the bare flint stone . Quae dementia what madnesse malûm with a mischiefe ? O exclamantis an interiection of exclamation jungitur is ioyned nominativo to a nominatiue , accusativio an accusatiue & and vocativo a vocatiue , ut as O festus dies O ioysull day hominis of man. O nimium fortunatos ô too too fortunate agricolas husbandmen , si if nôrint they knew sua bona their owne good : ô formose puer ô faire lad , nimium ne crede trust not too much colori to thy beauty : Heu alas & and prôh adhaerent cleaue nunc sometimes nominativo to a nominatiue nunc somtimes accusativo to an accusatine : ut as Heu pietas ah the godlines . Heu prisca fides ah the ancient faithfulnesse , Heu stirpem inuisam ●h ●dious stocke . Próh Iupiter oh Iupiter , tu homo thou fellow adiges me ad insaniam wilt carrie me beside myselfe . Prôh fidem oh the faith Deûm of God atquè and hominū of men . Prôh sancte Iupiter oh holy Iupiter . Hei alas & and veh alas apponuntur are put dativo to a datiue case ▪ ut as Hei mihi wee is me quòd that amor loue est is medicabilis to be healed nullis herbis with no hear●s . Veh misero mihi wo is me poore wretch that I am , quanta de spe from how great hope decidi am I falne ? FINIS . Qui mihi construed . MOnita Paedagogica ●choole-masters precep●s seu or carmen a treatise in verse Gulielmi Lilij of William Lily ad discipulos suos to his schollers de moribus concerning maners . PVer little youth qui which es mihi discipulus art my scholler , atquè and cupis desirest doceri to be t●●ght , ades come hùc hither , concipe conceiue well haec dicta these sayings animo tuo in thy mind . Citus betime mane in the morning fuge leaue lectum thy bed , discute shake off mollem somnum thy sweete sleepe : supplex humbly petas goe vnto templa the Church , & and venerare worship Deum God : Attamen but inprimis first of all sit facies let thy face be lota w●sh●d , què and manus thy hands : sint vestes let thy garments be nitidae cleane caesariesquè and thy haire compta ●●●bd . Adsis be thou there fugiens auoiding desidiam idlenesse , cum when schola nostra my schoole te vocarit shall call thee : nulla sit tibi causa haue thou no excuse morae pigrae of long tarrying . Cùm when videris thou shalt see me praeceptorem me thy master ●re saluta salute me , & and condiscipulos quosque tu os all thy schoole fellowes ordine in order . Tu quoque fac sedeas and see thou sit vbi where iubemus te sedisse I will thee to sit , manèque and stay in loco in thy place nisi vnlesse sis thou be●st jussus commanded abire to goe thence . Ac and ut as quisque euery one est is magis clarus more excellent munere in the gift doctrinae of learning sic so is he erit locandus shall be set magis clara sede in a more excellent place . Scalpellum a penknife , calami qui●s , atramentum in●k● , charta paper , libelli bo●kes sint let them be a●ma implements semper alwayes parata ready tuis studi●s for thy studies . Si quid dictabo if I shall propose thee any thing , scribes thou shalt write it , at but singula euerything rectè rightly , nec sit ulla macula & let no blot be aut mēda or fault scriptis tuis in thy writings . Sed nec mandes but thou shalt not commit dictata tua thy Latines aut or carmina Verses chartis laceris to loose papers , quae which decet is meete inseruisse thou hadst writtē libris in bookes . Saepe often times recognoscas repeate tibi to thy selfe lecta things read , què and revoluas meditate of them animo in thy minde . Si if dubites thou doubtest nunc sometimes consule aske hos these nunc sometimes alios others Qui dubitat hee which maketh doubt , qui saepè rogat he which asketh many questions , tenebit shall obserue mea dicta my precepts , Is qui nil dubitat hee that doubteth of nothing , capit getteth inde thereby nil boni no good . Puer my childe disce learne quaeso I pray thee noli dediscere doe not forget quicquam any thing , nè lest that conscia mens a guilty conscience insimulet accuse te thee desidiae of slothfulnes . Sisque & be thou attentus animo attentiue : quid enim for what juvabit will it profit docuisse to haue taught si if non premis thou dost not print verba mea my words firmo pectore in sure memorie ? Nil nothing est is tam difficile so hard , quod which solertia diligence non vincat cānot ouercome Inuigila take paines , & and gloria the glory militiae of thy labour est is parta obtained : Nam for veluti euen as tellus the earth profert brings forth flores nec semina neither flowers nor seedes , ni vnlesse sit it be victa very much tilled labore continuo with continuall labour manus of the hand Sic so puer a child si if non exercitet hee often exercise not ingenium his wit , amittet shal lose & both tempus ipsum time it selfe , simul and whether spem the hope ingenij of his wit. Etiam also est there is lex an order semper alwayes tenenda to be kept in sermone in speech , ne lest improba garrulitas ouer-much habling offendat nos offend me Incumbensstudio thou applying thy lesson loquêris shalt speake submissa voce with a loud voice ▪ dum reddis nobis all the while thou art saying with me eris thou shalt bee canorus loud voce with thy voice : Et and quaecunque whatsoeuer reddis thou repeatest mihi to me , discantur ad vnguem let them be learned at thy fingers end & and libro abjecto thy booke laid aside redde rehearse verbula singula euery word Nec suggerat quisquam & let no body prompt vllum verbum any word dicturo when thou art saying , quod which parit bringeth non mediocre exitium no small hurt puero to a childe . Si rogito If I demaund quicquam any thing , stu debis thou shalt endeauour respondere to answere sic so ut that mereare thou maiest deserue laudem praise & and decus commendation dictis by thy answeres . Non laudabere thou shalt not bee commended lingua nimis celeri for too fast a tongue aut tarda or too slowe : medium the meane est is virtus a grace quod tenuisse which to keepe iuuat delighteth . Et and quoties as often as loqueris thou speakest , esto memor be mindsull loquare that thou speakest Latinè Latine , & and fuge auoid verba barbara barbarous wordes veluti as scopulos things verie dangerous . Praeterea besides instrue teach socios thy fellowes quotiescun que so often as rogabunt they shall aske te thee , & and tralie bring forward ignaros the ignorant ad mea vota to my desire . ipse hee qui which docet teacheth indoctos the vnlearned , licèt although esset he were indoctissimus most vnlearned , queat may esse bee doctior better learned reliquis then the rest brevi in a short time . Sed but tu nec imita bere thou shalt not imitate stolidos grammaticastros foolish authors of barbarisme , ingens dedecus the exceeding great disgrace eloquij Romani of the Latine tongue . Quorum whereof nemo none est is tam fatuus so f●olish aut tam barbarus or so barbarous ore in speech , quem autorem whom as an author turba barbara the barbarous multitude non probet alloweth not ▪ Si vis if thou wilt rectè cognoscere rightly kn●w leges grammaticas the lawes of the grammar , si cupias if thou desirest di●cere to learne loqui to spe●ke cultiùs very elegantly ore in thy speech , add●scas see thou learnest scripta clarissima the most famous writings vete●um virorum of ancient men : & and authores the autho●s quos which turba Latina the better sort of Lat●●●●● docet teacheth . Nunc sometimes Virgilius Virgil optat wisheth amplecti te to embrace thee , nunc sometimes ipse Terentius Te rence himselfe nunc sometimes simul with●ll opus the worke Ciceronis of Cicerto te wisheth thee . Quos whom qui non didicit hee that hath not learned vidit hath seen nil nothing praeter somnia but dreames , & and certat striueth viuere to liue in tenebris cimmeriis in great ignorance . Sunt there are some boyes quos delectat whom it deligh●eth posthabito studio hauing laid aside the studie honestae virtutis of commendable vertue conterere to spend tempora their time nugisin trifles . Sunt there are others quibus est cordi who take pleasure solicitare to trouble sodales their fellowes manibus with hands pedibusvè or feet , aut or alio quovis modo any other way . Est there is alius another qui who dum whilest iactat he boasteth se himselfe clarum noble sanguine by bloud , improbat disalloweth genus parentage reliquis in others insulso ore with vnsauory spee●h . Nolem te sequi I would not haue thee follow tam praua vestigia so bad patternes morum of manners , ne lest tandem in the end feras thou receiue praemia rewards digna worthy factis thy deeds . Dabis thou shalt giue aut vendes or sell nil nothing , permutabis thou shalt change emesvè or buy nil nothing , feras thou shalt receiue nulla commoda no profit ex damno by the losse alterius of another . Et and insuper moreouer mitte leaue nummos money irritamenta malorum the inticements to euill alijs to others , nil nothing nisi but pura things free from abuse decent become puerum a childe . Clamor noyse , rixa brabbling , ioci scoffings , mendacia lies , furta th●ft , cachinni scornefull laughter sint procul a vobis let them be farre from you , & and arma Martis fighting procul farre off ▪ Dices thou shalt speake nil nothing penitùs at all quod which sit is turpe filthy , aut or non honestum not honest . Lingua the tongue est is janua the gate vitae of life , pariter ac necis and of death too : Crede account it ingens nefas horrible wick●dnesse referri to giue maledicta euill words cuiquam to any one , aut or jurare to sweare by numina fac●a the sacred tit●es Dei magni of almightie GOD. Denique to conclude , seruabis thou shalt keepe res omnes all thy things , atque and libellos bookes : Et and feres shalt beare them tecum with thee quoties as often as isquè both thou goest redisquè and returnest . Effuge auoid vel euen causas the occasions quaecunquc whatsoeuer faciunt do make thee nocentem offensiue & and quibus wherein potes thou maist displicuisse nobis displease me . FINIS .