id sid tid token lemma pos 39033 1 1 AN an DT 39033 1 2 INTRODUCTION introduction NN 39033 1 3 TO to IN 39033 1 4 MACHINE machine NN 39033 1 5 DRAWING drawing NN 39033 1 6 AND and CC 39033 1 7 DESIGN design NN 39033 1 8 BY by IN 39033 1 9 DAVID david NN 39033 1 10 ALLAN ALLAN NNP 39033 1 11 LOW LOW NNP 39033 1 12 ( ( -LRB- 39033 1 13 WHITWORTH WHITWORTH NNP 39033 1 14 SCHOLAR SCHOLAR NNP 39033 1 15 ) ) -RRB- 39033 1 16 , , , 39033 1 17 M. M. NNP 39033 1 18 INST INST NNP 39033 1 19 . . . 39033 2 1 M.E. M.E. NNP 39033 3 1 HEAD HEAD NNP 39033 3 2 MASTER MASTER NNP 39033 3 3 OF of IN 39033 3 4 THE the DT 39033 3 5 PEOPLE PEOPLE NNS 39033 3 6 'S 's POS 39033 3 7 PALACE PALACE NNP 39033 3 8 TECHNICAL TECHNICAL NNP 39033 3 9 SCHOOLS SCHOOLS NNP 39033 3 10 , , , 39033 3 11 LONDON LONDON NNP 39033 3 12 AUTHOR AUTHOR NNP 39033 3 13 OF of IN 39033 3 14 ' ' `` 39033 3 15 A a DT 39033 3 16 TEXT text NN 39033 3 17 - - HYPH 39033 3 18 BOOK book NN 39033 3 19 ON on IN 39033 3 20 PRACTICAL practical NN 39033 3 21 SOLID SOLID NNS 39033 3 22 OR or CC 39033 3 23 DESCRIPTIVE descriptive NN 39033 3 24 GEOMETRY GEOMETRY NNP 39033 3 25 ' ' '' 39033 3 26 ' ' '' 39033 3 27 AN an DT 39033 3 28 ELEMENTARY ELEMENTARY NNP 39033 3 29 TEXT text NN 39033 3 30 - - HYPH 39033 3 31 BOOK BOOK NNP 39033 3 32 OF of IN 39033 3 33 APPLIED APPLIED NNP 39033 3 34 MECHANICS MECHANICS NNP 39033 3 35 ' ' POS 39033 3 36 ETC ETC NNP 39033 3 37 . . . 39033 4 1 [ [ -LRB- 39033 4 2 Illustration illustration NN 39033 4 3 ] ] -RRB- 39033 4 4 _ _ NNP 39033 4 5 FOURTH FOURTH NNP 39033 4 6 EDITION EDITION NNP 39033 4 7 _ _ NNP 39033 4 8 LONDON LONDON NNP 39033 4 9 LONGMANS LONGMANS NNP 39033 4 10 , , , 39033 4 11 GREEN GREEN NNP 39033 4 12 , , , 39033 4 13 AND and CC 39033 4 14 CO CO NNP 39033 4 15 . . NNP 39033 4 16 AND and CC 39033 4 17 NEW NEW NNP 39033 4 18 YORK YORK NNP 39033 4 19 : : : 39033 4 20 15 15 CD 39033 4 21 EAST EAST NNP 39033 4 22 16th 16th NN 39033 4 23 STREET STREET NNP 39033 4 24 1890 1890 CD 39033 4 25 PRINTED print VBN 39033 4 26 BY by IN 39033 4 27 SPOTTISWOODE SPOTTISWOODE NNP 39033 4 28 AND and CC 39033 4 29 CO CO NNP 39033 4 30 . . NNP 39033 4 31 , , , 39033 4 32 NEW NEW NNP 39033 4 33 - - HYPH 39033 4 34 STREET STREET NNP 39033 4 35 SQUARE SQUARE NNP 39033 4 36 LONDON LONDON NNP 39033 4 37 PREFACE PREFACE NNP 39033 4 38 . . . 39033 5 1 It -PRON- PRP 39033 5 2 is be VBZ 39033 5 3 now now RB 39033 5 4 generally generally RB 39033 5 5 recognised recognise VBN 39033 5 6 that that IN 39033 5 7 the the DT 39033 5 8 old old JJ 39033 5 9 - - HYPH 39033 5 10 fashioned fashioned JJ 39033 5 11 method method NN 39033 5 12 of of IN 39033 5 13 teaching teach VBG 39033 5 14 machine machine NN 39033 5 15 drawing drawing NN 39033 5 16 is be VBZ 39033 5 17 very very RB 39033 5 18 unsatisfactory unsatisfactory JJ 39033 5 19 . . . 39033 6 1 In in IN 39033 6 2 teaching teaching NN 39033 6 3 by by IN 39033 6 4 this this DT 39033 6 5 method method NN 39033 6 6 an an DT 39033 6 7 undimensioned undimensioned JJ 39033 6 8 scale scale NN 39033 6 9 drawing drawing NN 39033 6 10 , , , 39033 6 11 often often RB 39033 6 12 of of IN 39033 6 13 a a DT 39033 6 14 very very RB 39033 6 15 elaborate elaborate JJ 39033 6 16 description description NN 39033 6 17 , , , 39033 6 18 is be VBZ 39033 6 19 placed place VBN 39033 6 20 before before IN 39033 6 21 the the DT 39033 6 22 student student NN 39033 6 23 , , , 39033 6 24 who who WP 39033 6 25 is be VBZ 39033 6 26 required require VBN 39033 6 27 to to IN 39033 6 28 _ _ NNP 39033 6 29 copy copy NN 39033 6 30 _ _ IN 39033 6 31 it -PRON- PRP 39033 6 32 . . . 39033 7 1 Very very RB 39033 7 2 often often RB 39033 7 3 the the DT 39033 7 4 student student NN 39033 7 5 succeeds succeed VBZ 39033 7 6 in in IN 39033 7 7 making make VBG 39033 7 8 a a DT 39033 7 9 good good JJ 39033 7 10 copy copy NN 39033 7 11 of of IN 39033 7 12 the the DT 39033 7 13 drawing drawing NN 39033 7 14 placed place VBN 39033 7 15 before before IN 39033 7 16 him -PRON- PRP 39033 7 17 without without IN 39033 7 18 learning learn VBG 39033 7 19 very very RB 39033 7 20 much much RB 39033 7 21 about about IN 39033 7 22 the the DT 39033 7 23 object object NN 39033 7 24 represented represent VBN 39033 7 25 by by IN 39033 7 26 it -PRON- PRP 39033 7 27 , , , 39033 7 28 and and CC 39033 7 29 this this DT 39033 7 30 state state NN 39033 7 31 of of IN 39033 7 32 matters matter NNS 39033 7 33 is be VBZ 39033 7 34 sometimes sometimes RB 39033 7 35 not not RB 39033 7 36 much much RB 39033 7 37 improved improve VBN 39033 7 38 by by IN 39033 7 39 the the DT 39033 7 40 presence presence NN 39033 7 41 of of IN 39033 7 42 the the DT 39033 7 43 teacher teacher NN 39033 7 44 , , , 39033 7 45 who who WP 39033 7 46 is be VBZ 39033 7 47 often often RB 39033 7 48 simply simply RB 39033 7 49 an an DT 39033 7 50 art art NN 39033 7 51 master master NN 39033 7 52 , , , 39033 7 53 knowing know VBG 39033 7 54 nothing nothing NN 39033 7 55 about about IN 39033 7 56 machine machine NN 39033 7 57 design design NN 39033 7 58 . . . 39033 8 1 It -PRON- PRP 39033 8 2 is be VBZ 39033 8 3 related relate VBN 39033 8 4 of of IN 39033 8 5 one one CD 39033 8 6 school school NN 39033 8 7 that that WDT 39033 8 8 a a DT 39033 8 9 pupil pupil NN 39033 8 10 , , , 39033 8 11 after after IN 39033 8 12 making make VBG 39033 8 13 a a DT 39033 8 14 copy copy NN 39033 8 15 of of IN 39033 8 16 a a DT 39033 8 17 particular particular JJ 39033 8 18 drawing drawing NN 39033 8 19 , , , 39033 8 20 had have VBD 39033 8 21 a a DT 39033 8 22 discussion discussion NN 39033 8 23 with with IN 39033 8 24 his -PRON- PRP$ 39033 8 25 teacher teacher NN 39033 8 26 as as IN 39033 8 27 to to IN 39033 8 28 whether whether IN 39033 8 29 the the DT 39033 8 30 object object NN 39033 8 31 represented represent VBN 39033 8 32 was be VBD 39033 8 33 a a DT 39033 8 34 sewing sewing NN 39033 8 35 machine machine NN 39033 8 36 or or CC 39033 8 37 an an DT 39033 8 38 electrical electrical JJ 39033 8 39 machine machine NN 39033 8 40 . . . 39033 9 1 Evidently evidently RB 39033 9 2 the the DT 39033 9 3 publisher publisher NN 39033 9 4 of of IN 39033 9 5 the the DT 39033 9 6 drawing draw VBG 39033 9 7 example example NN 39033 9 8 in in IN 39033 9 9 this this DT 39033 9 10 case case NN 39033 9 11 did do VBD 39033 9 12 not not RB 39033 9 13 adopt adopt VB 39033 9 14 the the DT 39033 9 15 precaution precaution NN 39033 9 16 which which WDT 39033 9 17 a a DT 39033 9 18 backward backward JJ 39033 9 19 student student NN 39033 9 20 used use VBN 39033 9 21 at at IN 39033 9 22 an an DT 39033 9 23 examination examination NN 39033 9 24 in in IN 39033 9 25 machine machine NN 39033 9 26 design design NN 39033 9 27 : : : 39033 9 28 he -PRON- PRP 39033 9 29 put put VBD 39033 9 30 on on RP 39033 9 31 a a DT 39033 9 32 full full JJ 39033 9 33 title title NN 39033 9 34 above above IN 39033 9 35 his -PRON- PRP$ 39033 9 36 drawing drawing NN 39033 9 37 , , , 39033 9 38 for for IN 39033 9 39 the the DT 39033 9 40 information information NN 39033 9 41 of of IN 39033 9 42 his -PRON- PRP$ 39033 9 43 examiner examiner NN 39033 9 44 . . . 39033 10 1 Now now RB 39033 10 2 , , , 39033 10 3 if if IN 39033 10 4 machine machine NN 39033 10 5 drawing drawing NN 39033 10 6 is be VBZ 39033 10 7 to to TO 39033 10 8 be be VB 39033 10 9 of of IN 39033 10 10 practical practical JJ 39033 10 11 use use NN 39033 10 12 to to IN 39033 10 13 any any DT 39033 10 14 one one CD 39033 10 15 , , , 39033 10 16 he -PRON- PRP 39033 10 17 must must MD 39033 10 18 be be VB 39033 10 19 able able JJ 39033 10 20 to to TO 39033 10 21 understand understand VB 39033 10 22 the the DT 39033 10 23 form form NN 39033 10 24 and and CC 39033 10 25 arrangement arrangement NN 39033 10 26 of of IN 39033 10 27 the the DT 39033 10 28 parts part NNS 39033 10 29 of of IN 39033 10 30 a a DT 39033 10 31 machine machine NN 39033 10 32 from from IN 39033 10 33 an an DT 39033 10 34 inspection inspection NN 39033 10 35 of of IN 39033 10 36 suitable suitable JJ 39033 10 37 drawings drawing NNS 39033 10 38 of of IN 39033 10 39 them -PRON- PRP 39033 10 40 without without IN 39033 10 41 seeing see VBG 39033 10 42 the the DT 39033 10 43 parts part NNS 39033 10 44 themselves -PRON- PRP 39033 10 45 . . . 39033 11 1 Also also RB 39033 11 2 he -PRON- PRP 39033 11 3 ought ought MD 39033 11 4 to to TO 39033 11 5 be be VB 39033 11 6 able able JJ 39033 11 7 to to TO 39033 11 8 make make VB 39033 11 9 suitable suitable JJ 39033 11 10 drawings drawing NNS 39033 11 11 of of IN 39033 11 12 a a DT 39033 11 13 machine machine NN 39033 11 14 or or CC 39033 11 15 parts part NNS 39033 11 16 of of IN 39033 11 17 a a DT 39033 11 18 machine machine NN 39033 11 19 from from IN 39033 11 20 the the DT 39033 11 21 machine machine NN 39033 11 22 or or CC 39033 11 23 the the DT 39033 11 24 parts part NNS 39033 11 25 themselves -PRON- PRP 39033 11 26 . . . 39033 12 1 In in IN 39033 12 2 producing produce VBG 39033 12 3 this this DT 39033 12 4 work work NN 39033 12 5 the the DT 39033 12 6 author author NN 39033 12 7 has have VBZ 39033 12 8 aimed aim VBN 39033 12 9 at at IN 39033 12 10 placing place VBG 39033 12 11 before before IN 39033 12 12 young young JJ 39033 12 13 engineers engineer NNS 39033 12 14 and and CC 39033 12 15 others other NNS 39033 12 16 , , , 39033 12 17 who who WP 39033 12 18 wish wish VBP 39033 12 19 to to TO 39033 12 20 acquire acquire VB 39033 12 21 the the DT 39033 12 22 skill skill NN 39033 12 23 and and CC 39033 12 24 knowledge knowledge NN 39033 12 25 necessary necessary JJ 39033 12 26 for for IN 39033 12 27 making make VBG 39033 12 28 the the DT 39033 12 29 simpler simple JJR 39033 12 30 _ _ NNP 39033 12 31 working work VBG 39033 12 32 drawings drawing NNS 39033 12 33 _ _ NNP 39033 12 34 such such JJ 39033 12 35 as as IN 39033 12 36 are be VBP 39033 12 37 produced produce VBN 39033 12 38 in in IN 39033 12 39 engineers engineer NNS 39033 12 40 ' ' POS 39033 12 41 drawing drawing NN 39033 12 42 offices office NNS 39033 12 43 , , , 39033 12 44 a a DT 39033 12 45 number number NN 39033 12 46 of of IN 39033 12 47 good good JJ 39033 12 48 exercises exercise NNS 39033 12 49 in in IN 39033 12 50 drawing draw VBG 39033 12 51 , , , 39033 12 52 sufficient sufficient JJ 39033 12 53 for for IN 39033 12 54 one one CD 39033 12 55 session session NN 39033 12 56 's 's POS 39033 12 57 work work NN 39033 12 58 , , , 39033 12 59 and and CC 39033 12 60 at at IN 39033 12 61 the the DT 39033 12 62 same same JJ 39033 12 63 time time NN 39033 12 64 a a DT 39033 12 65 corresponding corresponding JJ 39033 12 66 amount amount NN 39033 12 67 of of IN 39033 12 68 information information NN 39033 12 69 on on IN 39033 12 70 the the DT 39033 12 71 design design NN 39033 12 72 of of IN 39033 12 73 machine machine NN 39033 12 74 details detail NNS 39033 12 75 generally generally RB 39033 12 76 . . . 39033 13 1 The the DT 39033 13 2 exercises exercise NNS 39033 13 3 set set VBN 39033 13 4 are be VBP 39033 13 5 of of IN 39033 13 6 various various JJ 39033 13 7 kinds kind NNS 39033 13 8 . . . 39033 14 1 In in IN 39033 14 2 the the DT 39033 14 3 first first JJ 39033 14 4 and and CC 39033 14 5 simplest simple JJS 39033 14 6 certain certain JJ 39033 14 7 views view NNS 39033 14 8 of of IN 39033 14 9 some some DT 39033 14 10 machine machine NN 39033 14 11 detail detail NN 39033 14 12 are be VBP 39033 14 13 given give VBN 39033 14 14 , , , 39033 14 15 generally generally RB 39033 14 16 drawn draw VBN 39033 14 17 to to IN 39033 14 18 a a DT 39033 14 19 small small JJ 39033 14 20 scale scale NN 39033 14 21 , , , 39033 14 22 which which WDT 39033 14 23 the the DT 39033 14 24 student student NN 39033 14 25 is be VBZ 39033 14 26 asked ask VBN 39033 14 27 to to TO 39033 14 28 reproduce reproduce VB 39033 14 29 _ _ NNP 39033 14 30 to to IN 39033 14 31 dimensions dimension NNS 39033 14 32 marked mark VBN 39033 14 33 on on IN 39033 14 34 these these DT 39033 14 35 views view NNS 39033 14 36 _ _ NNP 39033 14 37 , , , 39033 14 38 and and CC 39033 14 39 he -PRON- PRP 39033 14 40 is be VBZ 39033 14 41 expected expect VBN 39033 14 42 to to TO 39033 14 43 keep keep VB 39033 14 44 to to IN 39033 14 45 these these DT 39033 14 46 dimensions dimension NNS 39033 14 47 , , , 39033 14 48 and and CC 39033 14 49 not not RB 39033 14 50 to to TO 39033 14 51 measure measure VB 39033 14 52 anything anything NN 39033 14 53 from from IN 39033 14 54 the the DT 39033 14 55 given give VBN 39033 14 56 illustrations illustration NNS 39033 14 57 . . . 39033 15 1 In in IN 39033 15 2 the the DT 39033 15 3 second second JJ 39033 15 4 kind kind NN 39033 15 5 of of IN 39033 15 6 exercise exercise NN 39033 15 7 the the DT 39033 15 8 student student NN 39033 15 9 is be VBZ 39033 15 10 asked ask VBN 39033 15 11 to to TO 39033 15 12 reproduce reproduce VB 39033 15 13 certain certain JJ 39033 15 14 views view NNS 39033 15 15 shown show VBN 39033 15 16 _ _ NNP 39033 15 17 to to IN 39033 15 18 dimensions dimension NNS 39033 15 19 given give VBN 39033 15 20 in in IN 39033 15 21 words word NNS 39033 15 22 or or CC 39033 15 23 in in IN 39033 15 24 tabular tabular JJ 39033 15 25 form form NN 39033 15 26 _ _ NNP 39033 15 27 . . . 39033 16 1 In in IN 39033 16 2 the the DT 39033 16 3 third third JJ 39033 16 4 kind kind NN 39033 16 5 of of IN 39033 16 6 exercise exercise NN 39033 16 7 the the DT 39033 16 8 student student NN 39033 16 9 is be VBZ 39033 16 10 required require VBN 39033 16 11 to to TO 39033 16 12 make make VB 39033 16 13 , , , 39033 16 14 in in IN 39033 16 15 addition addition NN 39033 16 16 to to IN 39033 16 17 certain certain JJ 39033 16 18 views view NNS 39033 16 19 shown show VBN 39033 16 20 to to IN 39033 16 21 given give VBN 39033 16 22 dimensions dimension NNS 39033 16 23 , , , 39033 16 24 others other NNS 39033 16 25 which which WDT 39033 16 26 he -PRON- PRP 39033 16 27 can can MD 39033 16 28 only only RB 39033 16 29 draw draw VB 39033 16 30 correctly correctly RB 39033 16 31 if if IN 39033 16 32 he -PRON- PRP 39033 16 33 thoroughly thoroughly RB 39033 16 34 understands understand VBZ 39033 16 35 the the DT 39033 16 36 design design NN 39033 16 37 before before IN 39033 16 38 him -PRON- PRP 39033 16 39 . . . 39033 17 1 In in IN 39033 17 2 the the DT 39033 17 3 fourth fourth JJ 39033 17 4 kind kind NN 39033 17 5 of of IN 39033 17 6 exercise exercise NN 39033 17 7 the the DT 39033 17 8 student student NN 39033 17 9 is be VBZ 39033 17 10 asked ask VBN 39033 17 11 to to TO 39033 17 12 make make VB 39033 17 13 the the DT 39033 17 14 necessary necessary JJ 39033 17 15 working work VBG 39033 17 16 drawings drawing NNS 39033 17 17 for for IN 39033 17 18 some some DT 39033 17 19 part part NN 39033 17 20 of of IN 39033 17 21 a a DT 39033 17 22 machine machine NN 39033 17 23 which which WDT 39033 17 24 has have VBZ 39033 17 25 been be VBN 39033 17 26 previously previously RB 39033 17 27 described describe VBN 39033 17 28 and and CC 39033 17 29 illustrated illustrate VBN 39033 17 30 , , , 39033 17 31 _ _ NNP 39033 17 32 the the DT 39033 17 33 dimensions dimension NNS 39033 17 34 to to TO 39033 17 35 be be VB 39033 17 36 calculated calculate VBN 39033 17 37 by by IN 39033 17 38 rules rule NNS 39033 17 39 given give VBN 39033 17 40 in in IN 39033 17 41 the the DT 39033 17 42 text text NN 39033 17 43 _ _ NNP 39033 17 44 . . . 39033 18 1 The the DT 39033 18 2 illustrations illustration NNS 39033 18 3 for for IN 39033 18 4 this this DT 39033 18 5 work work NN 39033 18 6 are be VBP 39033 18 7 all all RB 39033 18 8 new new JJ 39033 18 9 , , , 39033 18 10 and and CC 39033 18 11 have have VBP 39033 18 12 been be VBN 39033 18 13 specially specially RB 39033 18 14 prepared prepare VBN 39033 18 15 by by IN 39033 18 16 the the DT 39033 18 17 author author NN 39033 18 18 from from IN 39033 18 19 _ _ NNP 39033 18 20 working work VBG 39033 18 21 drawings drawing NNS 39033 18 22 _ _ NNP 39033 18 23 , , , 39033 18 24 and and CC 39033 18 25 he -PRON- PRP 39033 18 26 believes believe VBZ 39033 18 27 that that IN 39033 18 28 they -PRON- PRP 39033 18 29 will will MD 39033 18 30 be be VB 39033 18 31 found find VBN 39033 18 32 to to TO 39033 18 33 represent represent VB 39033 18 34 the the DT 39033 18 35 best good JJS 39033 18 36 modern modern JJ 39033 18 37 practice practice NN 39033 18 38 . . . 39033 19 1 As as IN 39033 19 2 exercises exercise NNS 39033 19 3 in in IN 39033 19 4 drawing drawing NN 39033 19 5 , , , 39033 19 6 those those DT 39033 19 7 given give VBN 39033 19 8 in in IN 39033 19 9 this this DT 39033 19 10 book book NN 39033 19 11 are be VBP 39033 19 12 not not RB 39033 19 13 numbered number VBN 39033 19 14 exactly exactly RB 39033 19 15 in in IN 39033 19 16 their -PRON- PRP$ 39033 19 17 order order NN 39033 19 18 of of IN 39033 19 19 difficulty difficulty NN 39033 19 20 , , , 39033 19 21 but but CC 39033 19 22 unless unless IN 39033 19 23 on on IN 39033 19 24 the the DT 39033 19 25 recommendation recommendation NN 39033 19 26 of of IN 39033 19 27 a a DT 39033 19 28 teacher teacher NN 39033 19 29 , , , 39033 19 30 the the DT 39033 19 31 student student NN 39033 19 32 should should MD 39033 19 33 take take VB 39033 19 34 them -PRON- PRP 39033 19 35 up up RP 39033 19 36 in in IN 39033 19 37 the the DT 39033 19 38 order order NN 39033 19 39 given give VBN 39033 19 40 , , , 39033 19 41 omitting omit VBG 39033 19 42 the the DT 39033 19 43 following:--26 following:--26 NNP 39033 19 44 , , , 39033 19 45 27 27 CD 39033 19 46 , , , 39033 19 47 28 28 CD 39033 19 48 , , , 39033 19 49 35 35 CD 39033 19 50 , , , 39033 19 51 40 40 CD 39033 19 52 , , , 39033 19 53 42 42 CD 39033 19 54 , , , 39033 19 55 43 43 CD 39033 19 56 , , , 39033 19 57 45 45 CD 39033 19 58 , , , 39033 19 59 49 49 CD 39033 19 60 , , , 39033 19 61 50 50 CD 39033 19 62 , , , 39033 19 63 54 54 CD 39033 19 64 , , , 39033 19 65 60 60 CD 39033 19 66 , , , 39033 19 67 61 61 CD 39033 19 68 , , , 39033 19 69 as as IN 39033 19 70 he -PRON- PRP 39033 19 71 comes come VBZ 39033 19 72 to to IN 39033 19 73 them -PRON- PRP 39033 19 74 , , , 39033 19 75 until until IN 39033 19 76 he -PRON- PRP 39033 19 77 has have VBZ 39033 19 78 been be VBN 39033 19 79 right right JJ 39033 19 80 through through IN 39033 19 81 the the DT 39033 19 82 book book NN 39033 19 83 ; ; : 39033 19 84 afterwards afterwards RB 39033 19 85 he -PRON- PRP 39033 19 86 should should MD 39033 19 87 work work VB 39033 19 88 out out RP 39033 19 89 those those DT 39033 19 90 which which WDT 39033 19 91 he -PRON- PRP 39033 19 92 omitted omit VBD 39033 19 93 on on IN 39033 19 94 first first RB 39033 19 95 going go VBG 39033 19 96 over over IN 39033 19 97 the the DT 39033 19 98 book book NN 39033 19 99 . . . 39033 20 1 In in IN 39033 20 2 addition addition NN 39033 20 3 to to IN 39033 20 4 the the DT 39033 20 5 exercises exercise NNS 39033 20 6 given give VBN 39033 20 7 in in IN 39033 20 8 this this DT 39033 20 9 work work NN 39033 20 10 the the DT 39033 20 11 student student NN 39033 20 12 should should MD 39033 20 13 practise practise VB 39033 20 14 making make VBG 39033 20 15 freehand freehand CD 39033 20 16 sketches sketch NNS 39033 20 17 of of IN 39033 20 18 machine machine NN 39033 20 19 details detail NNS 39033 20 20 from from IN 39033 20 21 actual actual JJ 39033 20 22 machines machine NNS 39033 20 23 or or CC 39033 20 24 good good JJ 39033 20 25 models model NNS 39033 20 26 of of IN 39033 20 27 them -PRON- PRP 39033 20 28 . . . 39033 21 1 Upon upon IN 39033 21 2 these these DT 39033 21 3 sketches sketch NNS 39033 21 4 he -PRON- PRP 39033 21 5 should should MD 39033 21 6 put put VB 39033 21 7 the the DT 39033 21 8 proper proper JJ 39033 21 9 dimensions dimension NNS 39033 21 10 , , , 39033 21 11 got get VBN 39033 21 12 by by IN 39033 21 13 direct direct JJ 39033 21 14 measurement measurement NN 39033 21 15 from from IN 39033 21 16 the the DT 39033 21 17 machine machine NN 39033 21 18 or or CC 39033 21 19 model model NN 39033 21 20 by by IN 39033 21 21 himself -PRON- PRP 39033 21 22 . . . 39033 22 1 These these DT 39033 22 2 sketches sketch NNS 39033 22 3 should should MD 39033 22 4 be be VB 39033 22 5 made make VBN 39033 22 6 in in IN 39033 22 7 a a DT 39033 22 8 note note NN 39033 22 9 - - HYPH 39033 22 10 book book NN 39033 22 11 kept keep VBD 39033 22 12 for for IN 39033 22 13 the the DT 39033 22 14 purpose purpose NN 39033 22 15 , , , 39033 22 16 and and CC 39033 22 17 no no DT 39033 22 18 opportunity opportunity NN 39033 22 19 should should MD 39033 22 20 be be VB 39033 22 21 lost lose VBN 39033 22 22 of of IN 39033 22 23 inserting insert VBG 39033 22 24 a a DT 39033 22 25 sketch sketch NN 39033 22 26 of of IN 39033 22 27 any any DT 39033 22 28 design design NN 39033 22 29 which which WDT 39033 22 30 may may MD 39033 22 31 be be VB 39033 22 32 new new JJ 39033 22 33 to to IN 39033 22 34 the the DT 39033 22 35 student student NN 39033 22 36 , , , 39033 22 37 always always RB 39033 22 38 putting put VBG 39033 22 39 on on RP 39033 22 40 the the DT 39033 22 41 dimensions dimension NNS 39033 22 42 if if IN 39033 22 43 possible possible JJ 39033 22 44 . . . 39033 23 1 These these DT 39033 23 2 sketches sketch NNS 39033 23 3 form form VBP 39033 23 4 excellent excellent JJ 39033 23 5 examples example NNS 39033 23 6 from from IN 39033 23 7 which which WDT 39033 23 8 to to TO 39033 23 9 make make VB 39033 23 10 working work VBG 39033 23 11 drawings drawing NNS 39033 23 12 . . . 39033 24 1 The the DT 39033 24 2 student student NN 39033 24 3 should should MD 39033 24 4 also also RB 39033 24 5 note note VB 39033 24 6 any any DT 39033 24 7 rules rule NNS 39033 24 8 which which WDT 39033 24 9 he -PRON- PRP 39033 24 10 may may MD 39033 24 11 meet meet VB 39033 24 12 with with IN 39033 24 13 for for IN 39033 24 14 proportioning proportion VBG 39033 24 15 machines machine NNS 39033 24 16 , , , 39033 24 17 taking take VBG 39033 24 18 care care NN 39033 24 19 , , , 39033 24 20 however however RB 39033 24 21 , , , 39033 24 22 in in IN 39033 24 23 each each DT 39033 24 24 case case NN 39033 24 25 to to TO 39033 24 26 state state NN 39033 24 27 the the DT 39033 24 28 source source NN 39033 24 29 of of IN 39033 24 30 such such JJ 39033 24 31 information information NN 39033 24 32 for for IN 39033 24 33 his -PRON- PRP$ 39033 24 34 future future JJ 39033 24 35 guidance guidance NN 39033 24 36 and and CC 39033 24 37 reference reference NN 39033 24 38 . . . 39033 25 1 As as IN 39033 25 2 machine machine NN 39033 25 3 drawing drawing NN 39033 25 4 is be VBZ 39033 25 5 simply simply RB 39033 25 6 the the DT 39033 25 7 application application NN 39033 25 8 of of IN 39033 25 9 the the DT 39033 25 10 principles principle NNS 39033 25 11 of of IN 39033 25 12 descriptive descriptive JJ 39033 25 13 geometry geometry NN 39033 25 14 to to IN 39033 25 15 the the DT 39033 25 16 representation representation NN 39033 25 17 of of IN 39033 25 18 machines machine NNS 39033 25 19 , , , 39033 25 20 the the DT 39033 25 21 student student NN 39033 25 22 of of IN 39033 25 23 the the DT 39033 25 24 former former JJ 39033 25 25 subject subject NN 39033 25 26 , , , 39033 25 27 if if IN 39033 25 28 he -PRON- PRP 39033 25 29 is be VBZ 39033 25 30 not not RB 39033 25 31 already already RB 39033 25 32 acquainted acquaint VBN 39033 25 33 with with IN 39033 25 34 the the DT 39033 25 35 latter latter JJ 39033 25 36 , , , 39033 25 37 should should MD 39033 25 38 commence commence VB 39033 25 39 to to TO 39033 25 40 study study VB 39033 25 41 it -PRON- PRP 39033 25 42 at at IN 39033 25 43 once once RB 39033 25 44 . . . 39033 26 1 D. D. NNP 39033 26 2 A. a. NN 39033 26 3 L. L. NNP 39033 26 4 GLASGOW GLASGOW NNP 39033 26 5 : : : 39033 26 6 _ _ NNP 39033 26 7 March March NNP 39033 26 8 _ _ NNP 39033 26 9 1887 1887 CD 39033 26 10 . . . 39033 27 1 _ _ NNP 39033 27 2 PREFACE PREFACE NNP 39033 27 3 TO to IN 39033 27 4 THE the DT 39033 27 5 THIRD THIRD NNP 39033 27 6 EDITION EDITION NNP 39033 27 7 . . . 39033 27 8 _ _ NNP 39033 27 9 To to IN 39033 27 10 this this DT 39033 27 11 edition edition NN 39033 27 12 another another DT 39033 27 13 chapter chapter NN 39033 27 14 has have VBZ 39033 27 15 been be VBN 39033 27 16 added add VBN 39033 27 17 , , , 39033 27 18 containing contain VBG 39033 27 19 a a DT 39033 27 20 number number NN 39033 27 21 of of IN 39033 27 22 miscellaneous miscellaneous JJ 39033 27 23 exercises exercise NNS 39033 27 24 , , , 39033 27 25 which which WDT 39033 27 26 it -PRON- PRP 39033 27 27 is be VBZ 39033 27 28 hoped hope VBN 39033 27 29 will will MD 39033 27 30 add add VB 39033 27 31 to to IN 39033 27 32 the the DT 39033 27 33 usefulness usefulness NN 39033 27 34 of of IN 39033 27 35 the the DT 39033 27 36 work work NN 39033 27 37 as as IN 39033 27 38 a a DT 39033 27 39 text text NN 39033 27 40 - - HYPH 39033 27 41 book book NN 39033 27 42 in in IN 39033 27 43 science science NN 39033 27 44 classes class NNS 39033 27 45 . . . 39033 28 1 The the DT 39033 28 2 latest late JJS 39033 28 3 examination examination NN 39033 28 4 paper paper NN 39033 28 5 in in IN 39033 28 6 machine machine NN 39033 28 7 drawing drawing NN 39033 28 8 by by IN 39033 28 9 the the DT 39033 28 10 Science Science NNP 39033 28 11 and and CC 39033 28 12 Art Art NNP 39033 28 13 Department Department NNP 39033 28 14 has have VBZ 39033 28 15 also also RB 39033 28 16 been be VBN 39033 28 17 added add VBN 39033 28 18 to to IN 39033 28 19 the the DT 39033 28 20 Appendix Appendix NNP 39033 28 21 . . . 39033 29 1 D. D. NNP 39033 29 2 A. A. NNP 39033 29 3 L. L. NNP 39033 29 4 LONDON LONDON NNP 39033 29 5 : : : 39033 29 6 _ _ NNP 39033 29 7 August August NNP 39033 29 8 _ _ NNP 39033 29 9 1888 1888 CD 39033 29 10 . . . 39033 30 1 CONTENTS content NNS 39033 30 2 . . . 39033 31 1 PAGE PAGE NNP 39033 31 2 I. i. NN 39033 32 1 INTRODUCTION introduction NN 39033 32 2 1 1 CD 39033 32 3 II ii CD 39033 32 4 . . . 39033 33 1 RIVETED rivet VBD 39033 33 2 JOINTS JOINTS NNP 39033 33 3 6 6 CD 39033 33 4 III iii CD 39033 33 5 . . . 39033 34 1 SCREWS SCREWS NNP 39033 34 2 , , , 39033 34 3 BOLTS BOLTS NNP 39033 34 4 , , , 39033 34 5 AND and CC 39033 34 6 NUTS NUTS NNP 39033 34 7 14 14 CD 39033 34 8 IV IV NNP 39033 34 9 . . . 39033 35 1 KEYS KEYS NNP 39033 35 2 22 22 CD 39033 35 3 V. V. NNP 39033 35 4 SHAFTING SHAFTING NNP 39033 35 5 24 24 CD 39033 35 6 VI VI NNP 39033 35 7 . . . 39033 36 1 SHAFT SHAFT NNP 39033 36 2 COUPLINGS COUPLINGS NNP 39033 36 3 25 25 CD 39033 36 4 VII vii NN 39033 36 5 . . . 39033 37 1 BEARINGS bearings DT 39033 37 2 FOR for IN 39033 37 3 SHAFTS SHAFTS NNP 39033 37 4 30 30 CD 39033 37 5 VIII viii NN 39033 37 6 . . . 39033 38 1 PULLEYS pulleys RB 39033 38 2 36 36 CD 39033 38 3 IX ix NN 39033 38 4 . . . 39033 39 1 TOOTHED toothed JJ 39033 39 2 WHEELS WHEELS NNP 39033 39 3 39 39 CD 39033 39 4 X. x. NN 39033 39 5 CRANKS cranks NN 39033 39 6 AND and CC 39033 39 7 CRANKED CRANKED NNP 39033 39 8 SHAFTS SHAFTS NNP 39033 39 9 43 43 CD 39033 39 10 XI XI NNS 39033 39 11 . . . 39033 40 1 ECCENTRICS ECCENTRICS NNP 39033 40 2 47 47 CD 39033 40 3 XII xii NN 39033 40 4 . . . 39033 41 1 CONNECTING CONNECTING NNP 39033 41 2 RODS RODS NNP 39033 41 3 49 49 CD 39033 41 4 XIII xiii NN 39033 41 5 . . . 39033 42 1 CROSS CROSS NNP 39033 42 2 - - HYPH 39033 42 3 HEADS heads NN 39033 42 4 56 56 CD 39033 42 5 XIV xiv NN 39033 42 6 . . . 39033 43 1 PISTONS PISTONS NNP 39033 43 2 57 57 CD 39033 43 3 XV xv NN 39033 43 4 . . . 39033 44 1 STUFFING stuffing NN 39033 44 2 - - HYPH 39033 44 3 BOXES BOXES NNP 39033 44 4 63 63 CD 39033 44 5 XVI XVI NNP 39033 44 6 . . . 39033 45 1 VALVES VALVES NNP 39033 45 2 68 68 CD 39033 45 3 XVII XVII NNP 39033 45 4 . . . 39033 46 1 MATERIALS material NNS 39033 46 2 USED use VBN 39033 46 3 IN in IN 39033 46 4 MACHINE MACHINE NNP 39033 46 5 CONSTRUCTION construction NN 39033 46 6 76 76 CD 39033 46 7 XVIII xviii NN 39033 46 8 . . . 39033 47 1 MISCELLANEOUS miscellaneous JJ 39033 47 2 EXERCISES exercise NNS 39033 47 3 81 81 CD 39033 47 4 APPENDIX APPENDIX NNP 39033 47 5 A a DT 39033 47 6 99 99 CD 39033 47 7 APPENDIX APPENDIX NNP 39033 47 8 B B NNP 39033 47 9 102 102 CD 39033 47 10 INDEX index NN 39033 47 11 113 113 CD 39033 47 12 AN an DT 39033 47 13 INTRODUCTION introduction NN 39033 47 14 TO to IN 39033 47 15 MACHINE machine NN 39033 47 16 DRAWING drawing NN 39033 47 17 AND and CC 39033 47 18 DESIGN design NN 39033 47 19 . . . 39033 48 1 I. I. NNP 39033 49 1 INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION NNP 39033 49 2 . . . 39033 50 1 _ _ NNP 39033 50 2 Drawing Drawing NNP 39033 50 3 Instruments._--For instruments._--for XX 39033 50 4 working work VBG 39033 50 5 the the DT 39033 50 6 exercises exercise NNS 39033 50 7 in in IN 39033 50 8 this this DT 39033 50 9 book book NN 39033 50 10 the the DT 39033 50 11 student student NN 39033 50 12 should should MD 39033 50 13 be be VB 39033 50 14 provided provide VBN 39033 50 15 with with IN 39033 50 16 the the DT 39033 50 17 following:--A following:--A NNP 39033 50 18 well well RB 39033 50 19 - - HYPH 39033 50 20 seasoned season VBN 39033 50 21 yellow yellow JJ 39033 50 22 pine pine NN 39033 50 23 _ _ NNP 39033 50 24 drawing drawing NN 39033 50 25 - - HYPH 39033 50 26 board board NN 39033 50 27 _ _ NNP 39033 50 28 , , , 39033 50 29 24 24 CD 39033 50 30 inches inch NNS 39033 50 31 long long JJ 39033 50 32 , , , 39033 50 33 17 17 CD 39033 50 34 inches inch NNS 39033 50 35 wide wide JJ 39033 50 36 , , , 39033 50 37 and and CC 39033 50 38 3/8 3/8 CD 39033 50 39 inch inch NN 39033 50 40 or or CC 39033 50 41 1/2 1/2 CD 39033 50 42 inch inch NN 39033 50 43 thick thick JJ 39033 50 44 , , , 39033 50 45 provided provide VBN 39033 50 46 with with IN 39033 50 47 cross cross NN 39033 50 48 - - NNS 39033 50 49 bars bar NNS 39033 50 50 on on IN 39033 50 51 the the DT 39033 50 52 back back NN 39033 50 53 to to TO 39033 50 54 give give VB 39033 50 55 it -PRON- PRP 39033 50 56 strength strength NN 39033 50 57 and and CC 39033 50 58 to to TO 39033 50 59 prevent prevent VB 39033 50 60 warping warping NN 39033 50 61 . . . 39033 51 1 A a DT 39033 51 2 = = SYM 39033 51 3 T= T= NNP 39033 51 4 _ _ NNP 39033 51 5 square square NN 39033 51 6 _ _ NNP 39033 51 7 , , , 39033 51 8 with with IN 39033 51 9 a a DT 39033 51 10 blade blade NN 39033 51 11 24 24 CD 39033 51 12 inches inch NNS 39033 51 13 long long RB 39033 51 14 attached attach VBN 39033 51 15 permanently permanently RB 39033 51 16 to to IN 39033 51 17 the the DT 39033 51 18 stock stock NN 39033 51 19 , , , 39033 51 20 _ _ NNP 39033 51 21 but but CC 39033 51 22 not not RB 39033 51 23 sunk sink VBN 39033 51 24 into into IN 39033 51 25 it -PRON- PRP 39033 51 26 _ _ NNP 39033 51 27 . . . 39033 52 1 One one CD 39033 52 2 45 45 CD 39033 52 3 ° ° NNS 39033 52 4 and and CC 39033 52 5 one one CD 39033 52 6 60 60 CD 39033 52 7 ° ° NNS 39033 52 8 _ _ NNP 39033 52 9 set set VBN 39033 52 10 square square JJ 39033 52 11 _ _ NNP 39033 52 12 . . . 39033 53 1 The the DT 39033 53 2 short short JJ 39033 53 3 edges edge NNS 39033 53 4 of of IN 39033 53 5 the the DT 39033 53 6 former former JJ 39033 53 7 may may MD 39033 53 8 be be VB 39033 53 9 about about RB 39033 53 10 6 6 CD 39033 53 11 inches inch NNS 39033 53 12 and and CC 39033 53 13 the the DT 39033 53 14 short short JJ 39033 53 15 edge edge NN 39033 53 16 of of IN 39033 53 17 the the DT 39033 53 18 latter latter JJ 39033 53 19 about about RB 39033 53 20 5 5 CD 39033 53 21 inches inch NNS 39033 53 22 long long JJ 39033 53 23 . . . 39033 54 1 A a DT 39033 54 2 _ _ NNP 39033 54 3 pair pair NN 39033 54 4 of of IN 39033 54 5 compasses compass NNS 39033 54 6 _ _ NNP 39033 54 7 with with IN 39033 54 8 pen pen NN 39033 54 9 and and CC 39033 54 10 pencil pencil NN 39033 54 11 attachments attachment NNS 39033 54 12 , , , 39033 54 13 and and CC 39033 54 14 having have VBG 39033 54 15 legs leg NNS 39033 54 16 from from IN 39033 54 17 5 5 CD 39033 54 18 inches inch NNS 39033 54 19 to to IN 39033 54 20 6 6 CD 39033 54 21 inches inch NNS 39033 54 22 long long JJ 39033 54 23 . . . 39033 55 1 A a DT 39033 55 2 _ _ NNP 39033 55 3 pair pair NN 39033 55 4 of of IN 39033 55 5 dividers divider NNS 39033 55 6 _ _ NNP 39033 55 7 , , , 39033 55 8 with with IN 39033 55 9 screw screw JJ 39033 55 10 adjustment adjustment NN 39033 55 11 if if IN 39033 55 12 possible possible JJ 39033 55 13 . . . 39033 56 1 A a DT 39033 56 2 _ _ NNP 39033 56 3 pair pair NN 39033 56 4 of of IN 39033 56 5 small small JJ 39033 56 6 steel steel NN 39033 56 7 spring spring NN 39033 56 8 pencil pencil NN 39033 56 9 bows bow NNS 39033 56 10 _ _ NNP 39033 56 11 for for IN 39033 56 12 drawing draw VBG 39033 56 13 small small JJ 39033 56 14 circles circle NNS 39033 56 15 , , , 39033 56 16 and and CC 39033 56 17 a a DT 39033 56 18 _ _ NNP 39033 56 19 pair pair NN 39033 56 20 of of IN 39033 56 21 small small JJ 39033 56 22 steel steel NN 39033 56 23 spring spring NN 39033 56 24 pen pen NN 39033 56 25 bows bow NNS 39033 56 26 _ _ NNP 39033 56 27 for for IN 39033 56 28 inking ink VBG 39033 56 29 in in IN 39033 56 30 the the DT 39033 56 31 same same JJ 39033 56 32 . . . 39033 57 1 A a DT 39033 57 2 _ _ NNP 39033 57 3 drawing drawing NN 39033 57 4 pen pen NN 39033 57 5 _ _ NNP 39033 57 6 for for IN 39033 57 7 inking ink VBG 39033 57 8 in in IN 39033 57 9 straight straight JJ 39033 57 10 lines line NNS 39033 57 11 . . . 39033 58 1 All all DT 39033 58 2 compasses compass NNS 39033 58 3 should should MD 39033 58 4 have have VB 39033 58 5 _ _ NNP 39033 58 6 round round JJ 39033 58 7 points point NNS 39033 58 8 _ _ NNP 39033 58 9 , , , 39033 58 10 and and CC 39033 58 11 if if IN 39033 58 12 possible possible JJ 39033 58 13 _ _ NNP 39033 58 14 needle needle NN 39033 58 15 _ _ NNP 39033 58 16 points point NNS 39033 58 17 . . . 39033 59 1 A a DT 39033 59 2 piece piece NN 39033 59 3 of of IN 39033 59 4 india india NNP 39033 59 5 - - HYPH 39033 59 6 rubber rubber NNP 39033 59 7 will will MD 39033 59 8 also also RB 39033 59 9 be be VB 39033 59 10 required require VBN 39033 59 11 , , , 39033 59 12 besides besides IN 39033 59 13 two two CD 39033 59 14 pencils pencil NNS 39033 59 15 , , , 39033 59 16 one one CD 39033 59 17 marked mark VBN 39033 59 18 H h NN 39033 59 19 or or CC 39033 59 20 HH hh NN 39033 59 21 and and CC 39033 59 22 one one CD 39033 59 23 marked mark VBN 39033 59 24 HB HB NNP 39033 59 25 or or CC 39033 59 26 F F NNP 39033 59 27 ; ; : 39033 59 28 the the DT 39033 59 29 latter latter JJ 39033 59 30 to to TO 39033 59 31 be be VB 39033 59 32 used use VBN 39033 59 33 for for IN 39033 59 34 lining line VBG 39033 59 35 in in IN 39033 59 36 a a DT 39033 59 37 drawing drawing NN 39033 59 38 which which WDT 39033 59 39 is be VBZ 39033 59 40 not not RB 39033 59 41 to to TO 39033 59 42 be be VB 39033 59 43 inked ink VBN 39033 59 44 in in RP 39033 59 45 , , , 39033 59 46 or or CC 39033 59 47 for for IN 39033 59 48 freehand freehand NN 39033 59 49 work work NN 39033 59 50 . . . 39033 60 1 Pencils pencil NNS 39033 60 2 for for IN 39033 60 3 mechanical mechanical JJ 39033 60 4 drawing drawing NN 39033 60 5 should should MD 39033 60 6 be be VB 39033 60 7 sharpened sharpen VBN 39033 60 8 with with IN 39033 60 9 a a DT 39033 60 10 _ _ NNP 39033 60 11 chisel chisel NN 39033 60 12 point point NN 39033 60 13 _ _ NNP 39033 60 14 , , , 39033 60 15 and and CC 39033 60 16 those those DT 39033 60 17 for for IN 39033 60 18 freehand freehand NN 39033 60 19 work work NN 39033 60 20 with with IN 39033 60 21 a a DT 39033 60 22 _ _ NNP 39033 60 23 round round JJ 39033 60 24 point point NN 39033 60 25 _ _ NNP 39033 60 26 . . . 39033 61 1 _ _ NNP 39033 61 2 Do do VBP 39033 61 3 not not RB 39033 61 4 wet wet VB 39033 61 5 the the DT 39033 61 6 pencil pencil NN 39033 61 7 _ _ NNP 39033 61 8 , , , 39033 61 9 as as IN 39033 61 10 the the DT 39033 61 11 lines line NNS 39033 61 12 afterwards afterwards RB 39033 61 13 made make VBN 39033 61 14 with with IN 39033 61 15 it -PRON- PRP 39033 61 16 are be VBP 39033 61 17 very very RB 39033 61 18 difficult difficult JJ 39033 61 19 to to TO 39033 61 20 rub rub VB 39033 61 21 out out RP 39033 61 22 . . . 39033 62 1 Drawing draw VBG 39033 62 2 - - HYPH 39033 62 3 paper paper NN 39033 62 4 for for IN 39033 62 5 working work VBG 39033 62 6 drawings drawing NNS 39033 62 7 may may MD 39033 62 8 be be VB 39033 62 9 secured secure VBN 39033 62 10 to to IN 39033 62 11 the the DT 39033 62 12 board board NN 39033 62 13 by by IN 39033 62 14 _ _ NNP 39033 62 15 drawing drawing NN 39033 62 16 - - HYPH 39033 62 17 pins pin NNS 39033 62 18 _ _ NNP 39033 62 19 , , , 39033 62 20 but but CC 39033 62 21 the the DT 39033 62 22 paper paper NN 39033 62 23 for for IN 39033 62 24 finished finished JJ 39033 62 25 drawings drawing NNS 39033 62 26 or or CC 39033 62 27 drawings drawing NNS 39033 62 28 upon upon IN 39033 62 29 which which WDT 39033 62 30 there there EX 39033 62 31 is be VBZ 39033 62 32 to to TO 39033 62 33 be be VB 39033 62 34 a a DT 39033 62 35 large large JJ 39033 62 36 amount amount NN 39033 62 37 of of IN 39033 62 38 colouring colour VBG 39033 62 39 should should MD 39033 62 40 be be VB 39033 62 41 _ _ NNP 39033 62 42 stretched stretch VBN 39033 62 43 _ _ NNP 39033 62 44 upon upon IN 39033 62 45 the the DT 39033 62 46 board board NN 39033 62 47 . . . 39033 63 1 The the DT 39033 63 2 student student NN 39033 63 3 should should MD 39033 63 4 get get VB 39033 63 5 the the DT 39033 63 6 best good JJS 39033 63 7 instruments instrument NNS 39033 63 8 he -PRON- PRP 39033 63 9 can can MD 39033 63 10 afford afford VB 39033 63 11 to to TO 39033 63 12 buy buy VB 39033 63 13 , , , 39033 63 14 and and CC 39033 63 15 he -PRON- PRP 39033 63 16 should should MD 39033 63 17 rather rather RB 39033 63 18 have have VB 39033 63 19 a a DT 39033 63 20 few few JJ 39033 63 21 good good JJ 39033 63 22 instruments instrument NNS 39033 63 23 than than IN 39033 63 24 a a DT 39033 63 25 large large JJ 39033 63 26 box box NN 39033 63 27 of of IN 39033 63 28 inferior inferior JJ 39033 63 29 ones one NNS 39033 63 30 . . . 39033 64 1 _ _ NNP 39033 64 2 Drawing Drawing NNP 39033 64 3 - - HYPH 39033 64 4 paper._--The paper._--The NNP 39033 64 5 names name NNS 39033 64 6 and and CC 39033 64 7 sizes size NNS 39033 64 8 of of IN 39033 64 9 the the DT 39033 64 10 sheets sheet NNS 39033 64 11 of of IN 39033 64 12 drawing draw VBG 39033 64 13 paper paper NN 39033 64 14 are be VBP 39033 64 15 given give VBN 39033 64 16 in in IN 39033 64 17 the the DT 39033 64 18 following following JJ 39033 64 19 table:-- table:-- '' 39033 64 20 Inches Inches NNP 39033 64 21 Demy Demy NNP 39033 64 22 20 20 CD 39033 64 23 × × CD 39033 64 24 15 15 CD 39033 64 25 Medium medium NN 39033 64 26 22 22 CD 39033 64 27 × × CD 39033 64 28 17 17 CD 39033 64 29 Royal Royal NNP 39033 64 30 24 24 CD 39033 64 31 × × CD 39033 64 32 19 19 CD 39033 64 33 Imperial Imperial NNP 39033 64 34 30 30 CD 39033 64 35 × × CD 39033 64 36 22 22 CD 39033 64 37 Atlas atlas NN 39033 64 38 34 34 CD 39033 64 39 × × CD 39033 64 40 26 26 CD 39033 64 41 Double Double NNP 39033 64 42 Elephant Elephant NNP 39033 64 43 40 40 CD 39033 64 44 × × CD 39033 64 45 27 27 CD 39033 64 46 Antiquarian antiquarian JJ 39033 64 47 52 52 CD 39033 64 48 × × NNS 39033 64 49 31 31 CD 39033 64 50 The the DT 39033 64 51 above above JJ 39033 64 52 sizes size NNS 39033 64 53 must must MD 39033 64 54 not not RB 39033 64 55 be be VB 39033 64 56 taken take VBN 39033 64 57 as as IN 39033 64 58 exact exact JJ 39033 64 59 . . . 39033 65 1 In in IN 39033 65 2 practice practice NN 39033 65 3 they -PRON- PRP 39033 65 4 will will MD 39033 65 5 be be VB 39033 65 6 found find VBN 39033 65 7 to to TO 39033 65 8 vary vary VB 39033 65 9 in in IN 39033 65 10 some some DT 39033 65 11 cases case NNS 39033 65 12 as as RB 39033 65 13 much much RB 39033 65 14 as as IN 39033 65 15 an an DT 39033 65 16 inch inch NN 39033 65 17 . . . 39033 66 1 Cartridge Cartridge NNP 39033 66 2 - - HYPH 39033 66 3 paper paper NN 39033 66 4 is be VBZ 39033 66 5 made make VBN 39033 66 6 in in IN 39033 66 7 sheets sheet NNS 39033 66 8 of of IN 39033 66 9 various various JJ 39033 66 10 sizes size NNS 39033 66 11 , , , 39033 66 12 and and CC 39033 66 13 also also RB 39033 66 14 in in IN 39033 66 15 rolls roll NNS 39033 66 16 . . . 39033 67 1 Hand hand NN 39033 67 2 - - HYPH 39033 67 3 made make VBN 39033 67 4 paper paper NN 39033 67 5 is be VBZ 39033 67 6 the the DT 39033 67 7 best good JJS 39033 67 8 , , , 39033 67 9 but but CC 39033 67 10 it -PRON- PRP 39033 67 11 is be VBZ 39033 67 12 expensive expensive JJ 39033 67 13 . . . 39033 68 1 Good good JJ 39033 68 2 cartridge cartridge NN 39033 68 3 - - HYPH 39033 68 4 paper paper NN 39033 68 5 is be VBZ 39033 68 6 quite quite RB 39033 68 7 suitable suitable JJ 39033 68 8 for for IN 39033 68 9 ordinary ordinary JJ 39033 68 10 drawings drawing NNS 39033 68 11 . . . 39033 69 1 _ _ NNP 39033 69 2 Centre Centre NNP 39033 69 3 Lines._--Drawings Lines._--Drawings NNPS 39033 69 4 of of IN 39033 69 5 most most JJS 39033 69 6 parts part NNS 39033 69 7 of of IN 39033 69 8 machines machine NNS 39033 69 9 will will MD 39033 69 10 be be VB 39033 69 11 found find VBN 39033 69 12 to to TO 39033 69 13 be be VB 39033 69 14 symmetrical symmetrical JJ 39033 69 15 about about IN 39033 69 16 certain certain JJ 39033 69 17 lines line NNS 39033 69 18 called call VBD 39033 69 19 _ _ NNP 39033 69 20 centre centre NN 39033 69 21 lines line NNS 39033 69 22 _ _ NNP 39033 69 23 . . . 39033 70 1 These these DT 39033 70 2 lines line NNS 39033 70 3 should should MD 39033 70 4 be be VB 39033 70 5 drawn draw VBN 39033 70 6 first first RB 39033 70 7 with with IN 39033 70 8 great great JJ 39033 70 9 care care NN 39033 70 10 . . . 39033 71 1 On on IN 39033 71 2 a a DT 39033 71 3 pencil pencil NN 39033 71 4 drawing draw VBG 39033 71 5 centre centre NN 39033 71 6 lines line NNS 39033 71 7 should should MD 39033 71 8 be be VB 39033 71 9 thin thin JJ 39033 71 10 continuous continuous JJ 39033 71 11 lines line NNS 39033 71 12 ; ; : 39033 71 13 in in IN 39033 71 14 this this DT 39033 71 15 book book NN 39033 71 16 they -PRON- PRP 39033 71 17 are be VBP 39033 71 18 shown show VBN 39033 71 19 thus thus RB 39033 71 20 -- -- : 39033 71 21 - - : 39033 71 22 -- -- : 39033 71 23 - - HYPH 39033 71 24 -- -- : 39033 71 25 . . . 39033 72 1 After after IN 39033 72 2 drawing draw VBG 39033 72 3 the the DT 39033 72 4 centre centre NN 39033 72 5 line line NN 39033 72 6 of of IN 39033 72 7 any any DT 39033 72 8 part part NN 39033 72 9 the the DT 39033 72 10 dimensions dimension NNS 39033 72 11 of of IN 39033 72 12 that that DT 39033 72 13 part part NN 39033 72 14 must must MD 39033 72 15 be be VB 39033 72 16 marked mark VBN 39033 72 17 off off RP 39033 72 18 from from IN 39033 72 19 the the DT 39033 72 20 centre centre NN 39033 72 21 line line NN 39033 72 22 , , , 39033 72 23 so so IN 39033 72 24 as as IN 39033 72 25 to to TO 39033 72 26 insure insure VB 39033 72 27 that that IN 39033 72 28 it -PRON- PRP 39033 72 29 really really RB 39033 72 30 is be VBZ 39033 72 31 the the DT 39033 72 32 centre centre NN 39033 72 33 line line NN 39033 72 34 of of IN 39033 72 35 that that DT 39033 72 36 part part NN 39033 72 37 : : : 39033 72 38 thus thus RB 39033 72 39 in in IN 39033 72 40 making make VBG 39033 72 41 a a DT 39033 72 42 drawing drawing NN 39033 72 43 of of IN 39033 72 44 a a DT 39033 72 45 rivet rivet NNS 39033 72 46 , , , 39033 72 47 such such JJ 39033 72 48 as as IN 39033 72 49 is be VBZ 39033 72 50 shown show VBN 39033 72 51 at at IN 39033 72 52 ( ( -LRB- 39033 72 53 _ _ NNP 39033 72 54 a a DT 39033 72 55 _ _ NNP 39033 72 56 ) ) -RRB- 39033 72 57 fig fig NN 39033 72 58 . . . 39033 73 1 1 1 LS 39033 73 2 , , , 39033 73 3 after after IN 39033 73 4 drawing draw VBG 39033 73 5 the the DT 39033 73 6 centre centre NN 39033 73 7 line line NN 39033 73 8 , , , 39033 73 9 half half PDT 39033 73 10 the the DT 39033 73 11 diameter diameter NN 39033 73 12 of of IN 39033 73 13 the the DT 39033 73 14 rivet rivet NNS 39033 73 15 would would MD 39033 73 16 be be VB 39033 73 17 marked mark VBN 39033 73 18 off off RP 39033 73 19 on on IN 39033 73 20 each each DT 39033 73 21 side side NN 39033 73 22 of of IN 39033 73 23 that that DT 39033 73 24 line line NN 39033 73 25 , , , 39033 73 26 in in IN 39033 73 27 order order NN 39033 73 28 to to TO 39033 73 29 determine determine VB 39033 73 30 the the DT 39033 73 31 lines line NNS 39033 73 32 for for IN 39033 73 33 the the DT 39033 73 34 sides side NNS 39033 73 35 of of IN 39033 73 36 the the DT 39033 73 37 rivet rivet NNS 39033 73 38 . . . 39033 74 1 _ _ NNP 39033 74 2 Inking._--For inking._--for CD 39033 74 3 inking ink VBG 39033 74 4 in in IN 39033 74 5 drawings drawing NNS 39033 74 6 the the DT 39033 74 7 best good JJS 39033 74 8 Indian indian JJ 39033 74 9 ink ink NN 39033 74 10 should should MD 39033 74 11 be be VB 39033 74 12 used use VBN 39033 74 13 , , , 39033 74 14 and and CC 39033 74 15 not not RB 39033 74 16 common common JJ 39033 74 17 writing writing NN 39033 74 18 ink ink NN 39033 74 19 . . . 39033 75 1 Common common JJ 39033 75 2 ink ink NN 39033 75 3 does do VBZ 39033 75 4 not not RB 39033 75 5 dry dry VB 39033 75 6 quick quick JJ 39033 75 7 enough enough RB 39033 75 8 , , , 39033 75 9 and and CC 39033 75 10 rapidly rapidly RB 39033 75 11 corrodes corrode VBZ 39033 75 12 the the DT 39033 75 13 drawing drawing NN 39033 75 14 pens pen NNS 39033 75 15 . . . 39033 76 1 The the DT 39033 76 2 pen pen NN 39033 76 3 should should MD 39033 76 4 be be VB 39033 76 5 filled fill VBN 39033 76 6 by by IN 39033 76 7 means mean NNS 39033 76 8 of of IN 39033 76 9 a a DT 39033 76 10 brush brush NN 39033 76 11 or or CC 39033 76 12 a a DT 39033 76 13 narrow narrow JJ 39033 76 14 strip strip NN 39033 76 15 of of IN 39033 76 16 paper paper NN 39033 76 17 , , , 39033 76 18 and and CC 39033 76 19 not not RB 39033 76 20 by by IN 39033 76 21 dipping dip VBG 39033 76 22 the the DT 39033 76 23 pen pen NN 39033 76 24 into into IN 39033 76 25 the the DT 39033 76 26 ink ink NN 39033 76 27 . . . 39033 77 1 In in IN 39033 77 2 cases case NNS 39033 77 3 where where WRB 39033 77 4 there there EX 39033 77 5 are be VBP 39033 77 6 straight straight JJ 39033 77 7 lines line NNS 39033 77 8 and and CC 39033 77 9 arcs arc NNS 39033 77 10 of of IN 39033 77 11 circles circle NNS 39033 77 12 touching touch VBG 39033 77 13 one one CD 39033 77 14 another another DT 39033 77 15 _ _ NNP 39033 77 16 ink ink NN 39033 77 17 in in IN 39033 77 18 the the DT 39033 77 19 arcs arc NNS 39033 77 20 first first RB 39033 77 21 _ _ NNP 39033 77 22 , , , 39033 77 23 then then RB 39033 77 24 the the DT 39033 77 25 straight straight JJ 39033 77 26 lines line NNS 39033 77 27 ; ; : 39033 77 28 in in IN 39033 77 29 this this DT 39033 77 30 way way NN 39033 77 31 it -PRON- PRP 39033 77 32 is be VBZ 39033 77 33 easier easy JJR 39033 77 34 to to TO 39033 77 35 hide hide VB 39033 77 36 the the DT 39033 77 37 joints joint NNS 39033 77 38 . . . 39033 78 1 _ _ NNP 39033 78 2 Colouring._--Camel's colouring._--camel's JJ 39033 78 3 - - HYPH 39033 78 4 hair hair NN 39033 78 5 or or CC 39033 78 6 sable sable JJ 39033 78 7 brushes brush NNS 39033 78 8 should should MD 39033 78 9 be be VB 39033 78 10 used use VBN 39033 78 11 ; ; : 39033 78 12 the the DT 39033 78 13 latter latter JJ 39033 78 14 are be VBP 39033 78 15 the the DT 39033 78 16 best good JJS 39033 78 17 , , , 39033 78 18 but but CC 39033 78 19 are be VBP 39033 78 20 much much RB 39033 78 21 more more RBR 39033 78 22 expensive expensive JJ 39033 78 23 than than IN 39033 78 24 the the DT 39033 78 25 former former JJ 39033 78 26 . . . 39033 79 1 The the DT 39033 79 2 colour colour NN 39033 79 3 should should MD 39033 79 4 be be VB 39033 79 5 rubbed rub VBN 39033 79 6 down down RP 39033 79 7 in in IN 39033 79 8 a a DT 39033 79 9 dish dish NN 39033 79 10 , , , 39033 79 11 and and CC 39033 79 12 the the DT 39033 79 13 tint tint NN 39033 79 14 should should MD 39033 79 15 be be VB 39033 79 16 light light JJ 39033 79 17 . . . 39033 80 1 The the DT 39033 80 2 mistake mistake NN 39033 80 3 which which WDT 39033 80 4 a a DT 39033 80 5 beginner beginner NN 39033 80 6 invariably invariably RB 39033 80 7 makes make VBZ 39033 80 8 is be VBZ 39033 80 9 in in IN 39033 80 10 having have VBG 39033 80 11 the the DT 39033 80 12 colour colour NN 39033 80 13 of of IN 39033 80 14 too too RB 39033 80 15 dark dark JJ 39033 80 16 a a DT 39033 80 17 tint tint NN 39033 80 18 . . . 39033 81 1 First first RB 39033 81 2 go go VB 39033 81 3 over over IN 39033 81 4 the the DT 39033 81 5 part part NN 39033 81 6 to to TO 39033 81 7 be be VB 39033 81 8 coloured colour VBN 39033 81 9 with with IN 39033 81 10 the the DT 39033 81 11 brush brush NN 39033 81 12 and and CC 39033 81 13 _ _ NNP 39033 81 14 clean clean JJ 39033 81 15 _ _ NNP 39033 81 16 water water NN 39033 81 17 for for IN 39033 81 18 the the DT 39033 81 19 purpose purpose NN 39033 81 20 of of IN 39033 81 21 damping damp VBG 39033 81 22 it -PRON- PRP 39033 81 23 . . . 39033 82 1 Next next RB 39033 82 2 dry dry JJ 39033 82 3 with with IN 39033 82 4 clean clean JJ 39033 82 5 blotting blotting NN 39033 82 6 - - HYPH 39033 82 7 paper paper NN 39033 82 8 to to TO 39033 82 9 take take VB 39033 82 10 off off RP 39033 82 11 any any DT 39033 82 12 superfluous superfluous JJ 39033 82 13 water water NN 39033 82 14 . . . 39033 83 1 Then then RB 39033 83 2 take take VB 39033 83 3 another another DT 39033 83 4 brush brush NN 39033 83 5 with with IN 39033 83 6 the the DT 39033 83 7 colour colour NN 39033 83 8 , , , 39033 83 9 and and CC 39033 83 10 beginning begin VBG 39033 83 11 at at IN 39033 83 12 the the DT 39033 83 13 top top NN 39033 83 14 , , , 39033 83 15 work work VB 39033 83 16 from from IN 39033 83 17 left leave VBN 39033 83 18 to to IN 39033 83 19 right right NN 39033 83 20 and and CC 39033 83 21 downwards downwards RB 39033 83 22 . . . 39033 84 1 If if IN 39033 84 2 it -PRON- PRP 39033 84 3 is be VBZ 39033 84 4 necessary necessary JJ 39033 84 5 to to TO 39033 84 6 recolour recolour VB 39033 84 7 any any DT 39033 84 8 part part NN 39033 84 9 let let VB 39033 84 10 the the DT 39033 84 11 first first JJ 39033 84 12 coating coating NN 39033 84 13 dry dry JJ 39033 84 14 before before IN 39033 84 15 beginning beginning NN 39033 84 16 . . . 39033 85 1 Engineers engineer NNS 39033 85 2 have have VBP 39033 85 3 adopted adopt VBN 39033 85 4 certain certain JJ 39033 85 5 colours colour NNS 39033 85 6 to to TO 39033 85 7 represent represent VB 39033 85 8 particular particular JJ 39033 85 9 materials material NNS 39033 85 10 ; ; : 39033 85 11 these these DT 39033 85 12 are be VBP 39033 85 13 given give VBN 39033 85 14 in in IN 39033 85 15 the the DT 39033 85 16 following follow VBG 39033 85 17 table:-- table:-- '' 39033 85 18 _ _ NNP 39033 85 19 Table table NN 39033 85 20 showing show VBG 39033 85 21 Colours colour NNS 39033 85 22 used use VBN 39033 85 23 to to TO 39033 85 24 represent represent VB 39033 85 25 Different different JJ 39033 85 26 Materials Materials NNPS 39033 85 27 . . . 39033 85 28 _ _ NNP 39033 85 29 MATERIAL MATERIAL NNP 39033 85 30 COLOUR COLOUR NNP 39033 85 31 Cast Cast NNP 39033 85 32 iron iron NN 39033 85 33 Payne Payne NNP 39033 85 34 's 's POS 39033 85 35 grey grey NN 39033 85 36 or or CC 39033 85 37 neutral neutral JJ 39033 85 38 tint tint NN 39033 85 39 . . . 39033 86 1 Wrought work VBN 39033 86 2 iron iron NN 39033 86 3 Prussian prussian JJ 39033 86 4 blue blue NN 39033 86 5 . . . 39033 87 1 Steel steel NN 39033 87 2 Purple purple NN 39033 87 3 ( ( -LRB- 39033 87 4 mixture mixture NN 39033 87 5 of of IN 39033 87 6 Prussian prussian JJ 39033 87 7 blue blue NN 39033 87 8 and and CC 39033 87 9 crimson crimson NNP 39033 87 10 lake lake NNP 39033 87 11 ) ) -RRB- 39033 87 12 . . . 39033 88 1 Brass Brass NNP 39033 88 2 Gamboge Gamboge NNP 39033 88 3 with with IN 39033 88 4 a a DT 39033 88 5 little little JJ 39033 88 6 sienna sienna NN 39033 88 7 or or CC 39033 88 8 a a DT 39033 88 9 very very RB 39033 88 10 little little JJ 39033 88 11 red red JJ 39033 88 12 added add VBN 39033 88 13 . . . 39033 89 1 Copper copper NN 39033 89 2 A a DT 39033 89 3 mixture mixture NN 39033 89 4 of of IN 39033 89 5 crimson crimson NNP 39033 89 6 lake lake NN 39033 89 7 and and CC 39033 89 8 gamboge gamboge NNP 39033 89 9 , , , 39033 89 10 the the DT 39033 89 11 former former JJ 39033 89 12 colour colour NN 39033 89 13 predominating predominate VBG 39033 89 14 . . . 39033 90 1 Lead lead VB 39033 90 2 Light light JJ 39033 90 3 Indian indian JJ 39033 90 4 ink ink NN 39033 90 5 with with IN 39033 90 6 a a DT 39033 90 7 very very RB 39033 90 8 little little JJ 39033 90 9 indigo indigo NNS 39033 90 10 added add VBN 39033 90 11 . . . 39033 91 1 Brickwork Brickwork NNP 39033 91 2 Crimson Crimson NNP 39033 91 3 lake lake NN 39033 91 4 and and CC 39033 91 5 burnt burn VBD 39033 91 6 sienna sienna NNP 39033 91 7 . . . 39033 92 1 Firebrick Firebrick NNP 39033 92 2 Yellow Yellow NNP 39033 92 3 and and CC 39033 92 4 Vandyke Vandyke NNP 39033 92 5 brown brown NNP 39033 92 6 . . . 39033 93 1 Greystones Greystones NNP 39033 93 2 Light Light NNP 39033 93 3 sepia sepia NN 39033 93 4 or or CC 39033 93 5 pale pale JJ 39033 93 6 Indian indian JJ 39033 93 7 ink ink NN 39033 93 8 , , , 39033 93 9 with with IN 39033 93 10 a a DT 39033 93 11 little little JJ 39033 93 12 Prussian prussian JJ 39033 93 13 blue blue NN 39033 93 14 added add VBD 39033 93 15 . . . 39033 94 1 Brown Brown NNP 39033 94 2 freestone freestone NN 39033 94 3 Mixture Mixture NNP 39033 94 4 of of IN 39033 94 5 pale pale JJ 39033 94 6 Indian indian JJ 39033 94 7 ink ink NN 39033 94 8 , , , 39033 94 9 burnt burn VBN 39033 94 10 sienna sienna NNP 39033 94 11 , , , 39033 94 12 and and CC 39033 94 13 carmine carmine NN 39033 94 14 . . . 39033 95 1 Soft soft JJ 39033 95 2 woods wood NNS 39033 95 3 For for IN 39033 95 4 ground ground NN 39033 95 5 work work NN 39033 95 6 , , , 39033 95 7 pale pale JJ 39033 95 8 tint tint NN 39033 95 9 of of IN 39033 95 10 sienna sienna NNP 39033 95 11 . . . 39033 96 1 Hard hard JJ 39033 96 2 woods wood NNS 39033 96 3 For for IN 39033 96 4 ground ground NN 39033 96 5 work work NN 39033 96 6 , , , 39033 96 7 pale pale JJ 39033 96 8 tint tint NN 39033 96 9 of of IN 39033 96 10 sienna sienna NNP 39033 96 11 with with IN 39033 96 12 a a DT 39033 96 13 little little JJ 39033 96 14 red red NN 39033 96 15 added add VBN 39033 96 16 . . . 39033 97 1 For for IN 39033 97 2 graining grain VBG 39033 97 3 woods wood NNS 39033 97 4 use use VBP 39033 97 5 darker dark JJR 39033 97 6 tint tint VBP 39033 97 7 with with IN 39033 97 8 a a DT 39033 97 9 greater great JJR 39033 97 10 proportion proportion NN 39033 97 11 of of IN 39033 97 12 red red NN 39033 97 13 . . . 39033 98 1 _ _ NNP 39033 98 2 Printing._--A printing._--a CD 39033 98 3 good good JJ 39033 98 4 drawing drawing NN 39033 98 5 should should MD 39033 98 6 have have VB 39033 98 7 its -PRON- PRP$ 39033 98 8 title title NN 39033 98 9 printed print VBN 39033 98 10 , , , 39033 98 11 a a DT 39033 98 12 plain plain JJ 39033 98 13 style style NN 39033 98 14 of of IN 39033 98 15 letter letter NN 39033 98 16 being be VBG 39033 98 17 used use VBN 39033 98 18 for for IN 39033 98 19 this this DT 39033 98 20 purpose purpose NN 39033 98 21 , , , 39033 98 22 such such JJ 39033 98 23 as as IN 39033 98 24 the the DT 39033 98 25 following:-- following:-- CD 39033 98 26 [ [ -LRB- 39033 98 27 Illustration illustration NN 39033 98 28 : : : 39033 98 29 ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRST ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRST NNP 39033 98 30 UVWXYZ UVWXYZ NNP 39033 98 31 1234567890 1234567890 CD 39033 98 32 ] ] -RRB- 39033 98 33 [ [ -LRB- 39033 98 34 Illustration illustration NN 39033 98 35 : : : 39033 98 36 ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQR abcdefghijklmnopqr VB 39033 98 37 STUVWXYZ STUVWXYZ NNS 39033 98 38 1234567890 1234567890 CD 39033 98 39 ] ] -RRB- 39033 98 40 The the DT 39033 98 41 following follow VBG 39033 98 42 letters letter NNS 39033 98 43 look look VBP 39033 98 44 well well RB 39033 98 45 _ _ NNP 39033 98 46 if if IN 39033 98 47 they -PRON- PRP 39033 98 48 are be VBP 39033 98 49 well well RB 39033 98 50 made make VBN 39033 98 51 _ _ NNP 39033 98 52 , , , 39033 98 53 but but CC 39033 98 54 they -PRON- PRP 39033 98 55 are be VBP 39033 98 56 much much RB 39033 98 57 more more RBR 39033 98 58 difficult difficult JJ 39033 98 59 to to TO 39033 98 60 draw draw VB 39033 98 61 . . . 39033 99 1 [ [ -LRB- 39033 99 2 Illustration illustration NN 39033 99 3 : : : 39033 99 4 ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOP ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOP NNP 39033 99 5 QRSTUVWXYZ QRSTUVWXYZ NNP 39033 99 6 1234567890 1234567890 CD 39033 99 7 ] ] -RRB- 39033 99 8 For for IN 39033 99 9 remarks remark NNS 39033 99 10 on on IN 39033 99 11 a a DT 39033 99 12 drawing drawing NN 39033 99 13 the the DT 39033 99 14 following following JJ 39033 99 15 style style NN 39033 99 16 is be VBZ 39033 99 17 most most JJS 39033 99 18 suitable:-- suitable:-- ADD 39033 99 19 [ [ -LRB- 39033 99 20 Illustration illustration NN 39033 99 21 : : : 39033 99 22 abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz NNP 39033 99 23 ] ] -RRB- 39033 99 24 All all DT 39033 99 25 printing printing NN 39033 99 26 should should MD 39033 99 27 be be VB 39033 99 28 done do VBN 39033 99 29 by by IN 39033 99 30 freehand freehand NNP 39033 99 31 . . . 39033 100 1 _ _ NNP 39033 100 2 Border Border NNP 39033 100 3 lines line NNS 39033 100 4 _ _ NNP 39033 100 5 are be VBP 39033 100 6 seldom seldom RB 39033 100 7 put put VBN 39033 100 8 on on RP 39033 100 9 engineering engineering NN 39033 100 10 drawings drawing NNS 39033 100 11 . . . 39033 101 1 _ _ NNP 39033 101 2 Working Working NNP 39033 101 3 Drawings._--A drawings._--a CD 39033 101 4 good good JJ 39033 101 5 working working NN 39033 101 6 drawing drawing NN 39033 101 7 should should MD 39033 101 8 be be VB 39033 101 9 prepared prepare VBN 39033 101 10 in in IN 39033 101 11 the the DT 39033 101 12 following follow VBG 39033 101 13 manner manner NN 39033 101 14 . . . 39033 102 1 It -PRON- PRP 39033 102 2 must must MD 39033 102 3 first first RB 39033 102 4 be be VB 39033 102 5 carefully carefully RB 39033 102 6 outlined outline VBN 39033 102 7 in in IN 39033 102 8 pencil pencil NN 39033 102 9 and and CC 39033 102 10 then then RB 39033 102 11 inked ink VBD 39033 102 12 in in RP 39033 102 13 . . . 39033 103 1 After after IN 39033 103 2 this this DT 39033 103 3 all all DT 39033 103 4 parts part NNS 39033 103 5 cut cut VBN 39033 103 6 by by IN 39033 103 7 planes plane NNS 39033 103 8 of of IN 39033 103 9 section section NN 39033 103 10 should should MD 39033 103 11 be be VB 39033 103 12 coloured colour VBN 39033 103 13 , , , 39033 103 14 the the DT 39033 103 15 colours colour NNS 39033 103 16 used use VBD 39033 103 17 indicating indicate VBG 39033 103 18 the the DT 39033 103 19 materials material NNS 39033 103 20 of of IN 39033 103 21 which which WDT 39033 103 22 the the DT 39033 103 23 parts part NNS 39033 103 24 are be VBP 39033 103 25 made make VBN 39033 103 26 . . . 39033 104 1 Parts part NNS 39033 104 2 which which WDT 39033 104 3 are be VBP 39033 104 4 round round JJ 39033 104 5 may may MD 39033 104 6 also also RB 39033 104 7 be be VB 39033 104 8 lightly lightly RB 39033 104 9 shaded shade VBN 39033 104 10 with with IN 39033 104 11 the the DT 39033 104 12 brush brush NN 39033 104 13 and and CC 39033 104 14 colours colour NNS 39033 104 15 to to TO 39033 104 16 suit suit VB 39033 104 17 the the DT 39033 104 18 materials material NNS 39033 104 19 . . . 39033 105 1 The the DT 39033 105 2 centre centre NN 39033 105 3 lines line NNS 39033 105 4 are be VBP 39033 105 5 now now RB 39033 105 6 inked ink VBN 39033 105 7 in in RP 39033 105 8 with with IN 39033 105 9 _ _ NNP 39033 105 10 red red NNP 39033 105 11 _ _ NNP 39033 105 12 or or CC 39033 105 13 _ _ NNP 39033 105 14 blue blue JJ 39033 105 15 ink ink NN 39033 105 16 _ _ NNP 39033 105 17 . . . 39033 106 1 The the DT 39033 106 2 red red JJ 39033 106 3 ink ink NN 39033 106 4 may may MD 39033 106 5 be be VB 39033 106 6 prepared prepare VBN 39033 106 7 by by IN 39033 106 8 rubbing rub VBG 39033 106 9 down down RP 39033 106 10 the the DT 39033 106 11 cake cake NN 39033 106 12 of of IN 39033 106 13 crimson crimson NNP 39033 106 14 lake lake NNP 39033 106 15 , , , 39033 106 16 and and CC 39033 106 17 the the DT 39033 106 18 blue blue JJ 39033 106 19 ink ink NN 39033 106 20 in in IN 39033 106 21 like like IN 39033 106 22 manner manner NN 39033 106 23 from from IN 39033 106 24 the the DT 39033 106 25 cake cake NN 39033 106 26 of of IN 39033 106 27 Prussian prussian JJ 39033 106 28 blue blue NN 39033 106 29 . . . 39033 107 1 Next next RB 39033 107 2 come come VB 39033 107 3 the the DT 39033 107 4 _ _ NNP 39033 107 5 distance distance NN 39033 107 6 _ _ NNP 39033 107 7 or or CC 39033 107 8 _ _ NNP 39033 107 9 dimension dimension NN 39033 107 10 _ _ NNP 39033 107 11 lines line NNS 39033 107 12 , , , 39033 107 13 which which WDT 39033 107 14 should should MD 39033 107 15 be be VB 39033 107 16 put put VBN 39033 107 17 in in RP 39033 107 18 with with IN 39033 107 19 _ _ NNP 39033 107 20 blue blue JJ 39033 107 21 _ _ NNP 39033 107 22 or or CC 39033 107 23 _ _ NNP 39033 107 24 red red JJ 39033 107 25 ink ink NN 39033 107 26 _ _ NNP 39033 107 27 , , , 39033 107 28 depending depend VBG 39033 107 29 on on IN 39033 107 30 which which WDT 39033 107 31 colour colour NN 39033 107 32 was be VBD 39033 107 33 used use VBN 39033 107 34 for for IN 39033 107 35 the the DT 39033 107 36 centre centre NN 39033 107 37 lines line NNS 39033 107 38 . . . 39033 108 1 Dimension dimension NN 39033 108 2 lines line NNS 39033 108 3 and and CC 39033 108 4 centre centre NN 39033 108 5 lines line NNS 39033 108 6 are be VBP 39033 108 7 best best RB 39033 108 8 put put VBN 39033 108 9 in in IN 39033 108 10 of of IN 39033 108 11 different different JJ 39033 108 12 colour colour NN 39033 108 13 . . . 39033 109 1 The the DT 39033 109 2 arrow arrow NN 39033 109 3 - - HYPH 39033 109 4 heads head NNS 39033 109 5 at at IN 39033 109 6 the the DT 39033 109 7 ends end NNS 39033 109 8 of of IN 39033 109 9 the the DT 39033 109 10 dimension dimension NN 39033 109 11 lines line NNS 39033 109 12 are be VBP 39033 109 13 now now RB 39033 109 14 put put VBN 39033 109 15 in in RB 39033 109 16 with with IN 39033 109 17 _ _ NNP 39033 109 18 black black JJ 39033 109 19 ink ink NN 39033 109 20 _ _ NNP 39033 109 21 , , , 39033 109 22 and and CC 39033 109 23 so so RB 39033 109 24 are be VBP 39033 109 25 the the DT 39033 109 26 figures figure NNS 39033 109 27 for for IN 39033 109 28 the the DT 39033 109 29 dimensions dimension NNS 39033 109 30 . . . 39033 110 1 The the DT 39033 110 2 arrow arrow NN 39033 110 3 - - HYPH 39033 110 4 heads head NNS 39033 110 5 and and CC 39033 110 6 the the DT 39033 110 7 figures figure NNS 39033 110 8 should should MD 39033 110 9 be be VB 39033 110 10 made make VBN 39033 110 11 with with IN 39033 110 12 a a DT 39033 110 13 common common JJ 39033 110 14 writing writing NN 39033 110 15 pen pen NN 39033 110 16 . . . 39033 111 1 The the DT 39033 111 2 dimensions dimension NNS 39033 111 3 should should MD 39033 111 4 be be VB 39033 111 5 put put VBN 39033 111 6 on on RP 39033 111 7 neatly neatly RB 39033 111 8 . . . 39033 112 1 Many many JJ 39033 112 2 a a DT 39033 112 3 good good JJ 39033 112 4 drawing drawing NN 39033 112 5 has have VBZ 39033 112 6 its -PRON- PRP$ 39033 112 7 appearance appearance NN 39033 112 8 spoiled spoil VBD 39033 112 9 through through IN 39033 112 10 being be VBG 39033 112 11 slovenly slovenly RB 39033 112 12 dimensioned dimension VBN 39033 112 13 . . . 39033 113 1 We -PRON- PRP 39033 113 2 may may MD 39033 113 3 here here RB 39033 113 4 point point VB 39033 113 5 out out RP 39033 113 6 the the DT 39033 113 7 importance importance NN 39033 113 8 of of IN 39033 113 9 putting put VBG 39033 113 10 the the DT 39033 113 11 dimensions dimension NNS 39033 113 12 on on IN 39033 113 13 a a DT 39033 113 14 working work VBG 39033 113 15 drawing drawing NN 39033 113 16 . . . 39033 114 1 If if IN 39033 114 2 the the DT 39033 114 3 drawing drawing NN 39033 114 4 is be VBZ 39033 114 5 not not RB 39033 114 6 dimensioned dimension VBN 39033 114 7 , , , 39033 114 8 the the DT 39033 114 9 workman workman NN 39033 114 10 must must MD 39033 114 11 get get VB 39033 114 12 his -PRON- PRP$ 39033 114 13 sizes size NNS 39033 114 14 from from IN 39033 114 15 the the DT 39033 114 16 drawing drawing NN 39033 114 17 by by IN 39033 114 18 applying apply VBG 39033 114 19 his -PRON- PRP$ 39033 114 20 rule rule NN 39033 114 21 or or CC 39033 114 22 a a DT 39033 114 23 suitable suitable JJ 39033 114 24 scale scale NN 39033 114 25 . . . 39033 115 1 Now now RB 39033 115 2 this this DT 39033 115 3 operation operation NN 39033 115 4 takes take VBZ 39033 115 5 time time NN 39033 115 6 , , , 39033 115 7 and and CC 39033 115 8 is be VBZ 39033 115 9 very very RB 39033 115 10 liable liable JJ 39033 115 11 to to TO 39033 115 12 result result VB 39033 115 13 in in IN 39033 115 14 error error NN 39033 115 15 . . . 39033 116 1 Time Time NNP 39033 116 2 is be VBZ 39033 116 3 therefore therefore RB 39033 116 4 saved save VBN 39033 116 5 , , , 39033 116 6 and and CC 39033 116 7 the the DT 39033 116 8 chance chance NN 39033 116 9 of of IN 39033 116 10 error error NN 39033 116 11 reduced reduce VBN 39033 116 12 , , , 39033 116 13 by by IN 39033 116 14 marking mark VBG 39033 116 15 the the DT 39033 116 16 sizes size NNS 39033 116 17 in in IN 39033 116 18 figures figure NNS 39033 116 19 . . . 39033 117 1 In in IN 39033 117 2 practice practice NN 39033 117 3 it -PRON- PRP 39033 117 4 is be VBZ 39033 117 5 not not RB 39033 117 6 usual usual JJ 39033 117 7 to to TO 39033 117 8 send send VB 39033 117 9 original original JJ 39033 117 10 drawings drawing NNS 39033 117 11 from from IN 39033 117 12 the the DT 39033 117 13 drawing draw VBG 39033 117 14 office office NN 39033 117 15 to to IN 39033 117 16 the the DT 39033 117 17 workshop workshop NN 39033 117 18 , , , 39033 117 19 but but CC 39033 117 20 copies copy NNS 39033 117 21 only only RB 39033 117 22 . . . 39033 118 1 The the DT 39033 118 2 copies copy NNS 39033 118 3 may may MD 39033 118 4 be be VB 39033 118 5 produced produce VBN 39033 118 6 by by IN 39033 118 7 various various JJ 39033 118 8 ' ' `` 39033 118 9 processes process NNS 39033 118 10 , , , 39033 118 11 ' ' '' 39033 118 12 or or CC 39033 118 13 they -PRON- PRP 39033 118 14 may may MD 39033 118 15 be be VB 39033 118 16 tracings tracing NNS 39033 118 17 drawn draw VBN 39033 118 18 by by IN 39033 118 19 hand hand NN 39033 118 20 . . . 39033 119 1 Many many JJ 39033 119 2 engineers engineer NNS 39033 119 3 do do VBP 39033 119 4 not not RB 39033 119 5 ink ink VB 39033 119 6 in in IN 39033 119 7 their -PRON- PRP$ 39033 119 8 original original JJ 39033 119 9 drawings drawing NNS 39033 119 10 , , , 39033 119 11 but but CC 39033 119 12 leave leave VB 39033 119 13 them -PRON- PRP 39033 119 14 in in IN 39033 119 15 pencil pencil NN 39033 119 16 ; ; : 39033 119 17 especially especially RB 39033 119 18 is be VBZ 39033 119 19 this this DT 39033 119 20 the the DT 39033 119 21 case case NN 39033 119 22 if if IN 39033 119 23 the the DT 39033 119 24 drawings drawing NNS 39033 119 25 are be VBP 39033 119 26 not not RB 39033 119 27 likely likely JJ 39033 119 28 to to TO 39033 119 29 be be VB 39033 119 30 much much RB 39033 119 31 used use VBN 39033 119 32 . . . 39033 120 1 _ _ NNP 39033 120 2 Scales._--The scales._--the CD 39033 120 3 best good JJS 39033 120 4 scales scale NNS 39033 120 5 are be VBP 39033 120 6 made make VBN 39033 120 7 of of IN 39033 120 8 ivory ivory NN 39033 120 9 , , , 39033 120 10 and and CC 39033 120 11 are be VBP 39033 120 12 twelve twelve CD 39033 120 13 inches inch NNS 39033 120 14 long long JJ 39033 120 15 . . . 39033 121 1 Boxwood boxwood NN 39033 121 2 scales scale NNS 39033 121 3 are be VBP 39033 121 4 much much RB 39033 121 5 cheaper cheap JJR 39033 121 6 , , , 39033 121 7 although although IN 39033 121 8 not not RB 39033 121 9 so so RB 39033 121 10 durable durable JJ 39033 121 11 as as IN 39033 121 12 those those DT 39033 121 13 made make VBN 39033 121 14 of of IN 39033 121 15 ivory ivory NN 39033 121 16 . . . 39033 122 1 If if IN 39033 122 2 the the DT 39033 122 3 student student NN 39033 122 4 does do VBZ 39033 122 5 not not RB 39033 122 6 care care VB 39033 122 7 to to TO 39033 122 8 go go VB 39033 122 9 to to IN 39033 122 10 the the DT 39033 122 11 expense expense NN 39033 122 12 of of IN 39033 122 13 ivory ivory NN 39033 122 14 or or CC 39033 122 15 boxwood boxwood NN 39033 122 16 scales scale NNS 39033 122 17 , , , 39033 122 18 he -PRON- PRP 39033 122 19 can can MD 39033 122 20 get get VB 39033 122 21 paper paper NN 39033 122 22 ones one NNS 39033 122 23 very very RB 39033 122 24 cheap cheap JJ 39033 122 25 , , , 39033 122 26 which which WDT 39033 122 27 will will MD 39033 122 28 be be VB 39033 122 29 quite quite RB 39033 122 30 sufficient sufficient JJ 39033 122 31 for for IN 39033 122 32 his -PRON- PRP$ 39033 122 33 purpose purpose NN 39033 122 34 . . . 39033 123 1 The the DT 39033 123 2 divisions division NNS 39033 123 3 of of IN 39033 123 4 the the DT 39033 123 5 scale scale NN 39033 123 6 should should MD 39033 123 7 be be VB 39033 123 8 marked mark VBN 39033 123 9 down down RP 39033 123 10 to to IN 39033 123 11 its -PRON- PRP$ 39033 123 12 edge edge NN 39033 123 13 , , , 39033 123 14 so so IN 39033 123 15 that that IN 39033 123 16 measurements measurement NNS 39033 123 17 may may MD 39033 123 18 be be VB 39033 123 19 made make VBN 39033 123 20 by by IN 39033 123 21 applying apply VBG 39033 123 22 the the DT 39033 123 23 scale scale NN 39033 123 24 directly directly RB 39033 123 25 to to IN 39033 123 26 the the DT 39033 123 27 drawing drawing NN 39033 123 28 . . . 39033 124 1 For for IN 39033 124 2 working work VBG 39033 124 3 such such JJ 39033 124 4 exercises exercise NNS 39033 124 5 as as IN 39033 124 6 are be VBP 39033 124 7 in in IN 39033 124 8 this this DT 39033 124 9 book book NN 39033 124 10 the the DT 39033 124 11 student student NN 39033 124 12 should should MD 39033 124 13 be be VB 39033 124 14 provided provide VBN 39033 124 15 with with IN 39033 124 16 the the DT 39033 124 17 following follow VBG 39033 124 18 scales:-- scales:-- `` 39033 124 19 A a DT 39033 124 20 scale scale NN 39033 124 21 of of IN 39033 124 22 1 1 CD 39033 124 23 , , , 39033 124 24 or or CC 39033 124 25 12 12 CD 39033 124 26 inches inch NNS 39033 124 27 to to IN 39033 124 28 a a DT 39033 124 29 foot foot NN 39033 124 30 . . . 39033 124 31 " " '' 39033 125 1 1/2 1/2 CD 39033 125 2 " " `` 39033 125 3 6 6 CD 39033 125 4 " " '' 39033 125 5 " " `` 39033 125 6 1/3 1/3 CD 39033 125 7 " " '' 39033 125 8 4 4 CD 39033 125 9 " " '' 39033 125 10 " " `` 39033 125 11 1/4 1/4 CD 39033 125 12 " " `` 39033 125 13 3 3 CD 39033 125 14 " " '' 39033 125 15 " " `` 39033 125 16 1/6 1/6 CD 39033 125 17 " " '' 39033 125 18 2 2 CD 39033 125 19 " " '' 39033 125 20 A a DT 39033 125 21 scale scale NN 39033 125 22 of of IN 39033 125 23 1 1 CD 39033 125 24 is be VBZ 39033 125 25 spoken speak VBN 39033 125 26 of of IN 39033 125 27 as as IN 39033 125 28 ' ' `` 39033 125 29 full full JJ 39033 125 30 size size NN 39033 125 31 , , , 39033 125 32 ' ' '' 39033 125 33 and and CC 39033 125 34 a a DT 39033 125 35 scale scale NN 39033 125 36 of of IN 39033 125 37 1/2 1/2 CD 39033 125 38 as as IN 39033 125 39 ' ' `` 39033 125 40 half half JJ 39033 125 41 size size NN 39033 125 42 . . . 39033 125 43 ' ' '' 39033 126 1 Engineers engineer NNS 39033 126 2 in in IN 39033 126 3 this this DT 39033 126 4 country country NN 39033 126 5 state state NN 39033 126 6 dimensions dimension NNS 39033 126 7 of of IN 39033 126 8 machines machine NNS 39033 126 9 in in IN 39033 126 10 feet foot NNS 39033 126 11 , , , 39033 126 12 inches inch NNS 39033 126 13 , , , 39033 126 14 and and CC 39033 126 15 fractions fraction NNS 39033 126 16 of of IN 39033 126 17 an an DT 39033 126 18 inch inch NN 39033 126 19 , , , 39033 126 20 the the DT 39033 126 21 latter latter JJ 39033 126 22 being be VBG 39033 126 23 the the DT 39033 126 24 1/2 1/2 CD 39033 126 25 , , , 39033 126 26 1/4 1/4 CD 39033 126 27 , , , 39033 126 28 1/8 1/8 CD 39033 126 29 , , , 39033 126 30 1/16 1/16 CD 39033 126 31 , , , 39033 126 32 & & CC 39033 126 33 c. c. NNP 39033 126 34 In in IN 39033 126 35 making make VBG 39033 126 36 calculations calculation NNS 39033 126 37 it -PRON- PRP 39033 126 38 is be VBZ 39033 126 39 generally generally RB 39033 126 40 more more RBR 39033 126 41 convenient convenient JJ 39033 126 42 to to TO 39033 126 43 use use VB 39033 126 44 decimal decimal JJ 39033 126 45 fractions fraction NNS 39033 126 46 , , , 39033 126 47 and and CC 39033 126 48 then then RB 39033 126 49 substitute substitute VB 39033 126 50 for for IN 39033 126 51 the the DT 39033 126 52 results result NNS 39033 126 53 the the DT 39033 126 54 equivalent equivalent JJ 39033 126 55 fractions fraction NNS 39033 126 56 in in IN 39033 126 57 eighths eighth NNS 39033 126 58 , , , 39033 126 59 sixteenths sixteenth NNS 39033 126 60 , , , 39033 126 61 & & CC 39033 126 62 c. c. NNP 39033 126 63 The the DT 39033 126 64 following follow VBG 39033 126 65 table table NN 39033 126 66 will will MD 39033 126 67 be be VB 39033 126 68 found find VBN 39033 126 69 useful useful JJ 39033 126 70 for for IN 39033 126 71 this this DT 39033 126 72 purpose:-- purpose:-- CD 39033 126 73 _ _ NNP 39033 126 74 Decimal Decimal NNP 39033 126 75 Equivalents Equivalents NNPS 39033 126 76 of of IN 39033 126 77 Fractions Fractions NNPS 39033 126 78 of of IN 39033 126 79 an an DT 39033 126 80 Inch Inch NNP 39033 126 81 . . . 39033 126 82 _ _ NNP 39033 126 83 + + SYM 39033 126 84 ----------+--------------------+ ----------+--------------------+ . 39033 126 85 | | NNP 39033 126 86 Fraction Fraction NNP 39033 126 87 | | NNP 39033 126 88 Decimal Decimal NNP 39033 126 89 Equivalent Equivalent NNP 39033 126 90 | | NNP 39033 126 91 + + CC 39033 126 92 ----------+--------------------+ ----------+--------------------+ . 39033 126 93 | | CD 39033 126 94 1/32 1/32 CD 39033 126 95 | | NNP 39033 126 96 .03125 .03125 . 39033 126 97 | | CD 39033 126 98 | | CD 39033 126 99 1/16 1/16 CD 39033 126 100 | | CD 39033 126 101 .0625 .0625 NN 39033 126 102 | | CD 39033 126 103 | | CD 39033 126 104 3/32 3/32 CD 39033 126 105 | | CD 39033 126 106 .09375 .09375 CC 39033 126 107 | | CD 39033 126 108 | | CD 39033 126 109 1/8 1/8 CD 39033 126 110 | | NNP 39033 126 111 .125 .125 CD 39033 126 112 | | HYPH 39033 126 113 | | CD 39033 126 114 5/32 5/32 CD 39033 126 115 | | CD 39033 126 116 .15625 .15625 . 39033 126 117 | | CD 39033 126 118 | | CD 39033 126 119 3/16 3/16 CD 39033 126 120 | | CD 39033 126 121 .1875 .1875 . 39033 126 122 | | CD 39033 126 123 | | CD 39033 126 124 7/32 7/32 CD 39033 126 125 | | CD 39033 126 126 .21875 .21875 . 39033 126 127 | | CD 39033 126 128 | | CD 39033 126 129 1/4 1/4 CD 39033 126 130 | | CD 39033 126 131 .25 .25 CD 39033 126 132 | | CD 39033 126 133 | | CD 39033 126 134 9/32 9/32 CD 39033 126 135 | | CD 39033 126 136 .28125 .28125 NFP 39033 126 137 | | CD 39033 126 138 | | CD 39033 126 139 5/16 5/16 CD 39033 126 140 | | CD 39033 126 141 .3125 .3125 NNS 39033 126 142 | | CD 39033 126 143 | | CD 39033 126 144 11/32 11/32 CD 39033 126 145 | | CD 39033 126 146 .34375 .34375 NN 39033 126 147 | | CD 39033 126 148 | | CD 39033 126 149 3/8 3/8 CD 39033 126 150 | | CD 39033 126 151 .375 .375 CD 39033 126 152 | | CD 39033 126 153 | | CD 39033 126 154 13/32 13/32 CD 39033 126 155 | | CD 39033 126 156 .40625 .40625 NN 39033 126 157 | | CD 39033 126 158 | | CD 39033 126 159 7/16 7/16 CD 39033 126 160 | | CD 39033 126 161 .4375 .4375 CD 39033 126 162 | | CD 39033 126 163 | | CD 39033 126 164 15/32 15/32 CD 39033 126 165 | | CD 39033 126 166 .46875 .46875 CD 39033 126 167 | | CD 39033 126 168 | | CD 39033 126 169 1/2 1/2 CD 39033 126 170 | | CD 39033 126 171 .5 .5 NN 39033 126 172 | | CD 39033 126 173 | | CD 39033 126 174 17/32 17/32 CD 39033 126 175 | | NNP 39033 126 176 .53125 .53125 CD 39033 126 177 | | CD 39033 126 178 | | CD 39033 126 179 9/16 9/16 CD 39033 126 180 | | CD 39033 126 181 .5625 .5625 . 39033 126 182 | | CD 39033 126 183 | | CD 39033 126 184 19/32 19/32 CD 39033 126 185 | | CD 39033 126 186 .59375 .59375 CD 39033 126 187 | | CD 39033 126 188 | | CD 39033 126 189 5/8 5/8 CD 39033 126 190 | | NNP 39033 126 191 .625 .625 CD 39033 126 192 | | CD 39033 126 193 | | CD 39033 126 194 21/32 21/32 CD 39033 126 195 | | CD 39033 126 196 .65625 .65625 NN 39033 126 197 | | CD 39033 126 198 | | CD 39033 126 199 11/16 11/16 CD 39033 126 200 | | CD 39033 126 201 .6875 .6875 CD 39033 126 202 | | CD 39033 126 203 | | CD 39033 126 204 23/32 23/32 CD 39033 126 205 | | CD 39033 126 206 .71875 .71875 NFP 39033 126 207 | | CD 39033 126 208 | | CD 39033 126 209 3/4 3/4 CD 39033 126 210 | | CD 39033 126 211 .75 .75 CD 39033 126 212 | | CD 39033 126 213 | | CD 39033 126 214 25/32 25/32 CD 39033 126 215 | | CD 39033 126 216 .78125 .78125 CD 39033 126 217 | | CD 39033 126 218 | | CD 39033 126 219 13/16 13/16 CD 39033 126 220 | | CD 39033 126 221 .8125 .8125 . 39033 126 222 | | CD 39033 126 223 | | CD 39033 126 224 27/32 27/32 CD 39033 126 225 | | CD 39033 126 226 .84375 .84375 NN 39033 126 227 | | CD 39033 126 228 | | CD 39033 126 229 7/8 7/8 CD 39033 126 230 | | CD 39033 126 231 .875 .875 CD 39033 126 232 | | CD 39033 126 233 | | CD 39033 126 234 29/32 29/32 CD 39033 126 235 | | CD 39033 126 236 .90625 .90625 CD 39033 126 237 | | CD 39033 126 238 | | CD 39033 126 239 15/16 15/16 CD 39033 126 240 | | CD 39033 126 241 .9375 .9375 . 39033 126 242 | | CD 39033 126 243 | | CD 39033 126 244 31/32 31/32 CD 39033 126 245 | | CD 39033 126 246 .96875 .96875 CD 39033 126 247 | | CD 39033 126 248 | | CD 39033 126 249 1 1 CD 39033 126 250 | | CD 39033 126 251 1.0 1.0 CD 39033 126 252 | | CD 39033 126 253 + + NNS 39033 126 254 ----------+--------------------+ ----------+--------------------+ . 39033 126 255 Engineers engineer NNS 39033 126 256 use use VBP 39033 126 257 a a DT 39033 126 258 single single JJ 39033 126 259 accent accent NN 39033 126 260 ( ( -LRB- 39033 126 261 ' ' '' 39033 126 262 ) ) -RRB- 39033 126 263 to to TO 39033 126 264 denote denote VB 39033 126 265 _ _ NNP 39033 126 266 feet foot NNS 39033 126 267 _ _ NNP 39033 126 268 , , , 39033 126 269 and and CC 39033 126 270 a a DT 39033 126 271 double double JJ 39033 126 272 accent accent NN 39033 126 273 ( ( -LRB- 39033 126 274 ") ") `` 39033 126 275 to to TO 39033 126 276 denote denote VB 39033 126 277 _ _ NNP 39033 126 278 inches inches NNP 39033 126 279 _ _ NNP 39033 126 280 . . . 39033 127 1 Thus thus RB 39033 127 2 2 2 CD 39033 127 3 ' ' CD 39033 127 4 9 9 CD 39033 127 5 " " '' 39033 127 6 reads read VBZ 39033 127 7 two two CD 39033 127 8 feet foot NNS 39033 127 9 nine nine CD 39033 127 10 inches inch NNS 39033 127 11 . . . 39033 128 1 II ii CD 39033 128 2 . . . 39033 129 1 RIVETED rivet VBD 39033 129 2 JOINTS joint NNS 39033 129 3 . . . 39033 130 1 Two two CD 39033 130 2 plates plate NNS 39033 130 3 or or CC 39033 130 4 pieces piece NNS 39033 130 5 to to TO 39033 130 6 be be VB 39033 130 7 riveted rivet VBN 39033 130 8 together together RB 39033 130 9 have have VB 39033 130 10 holes hole NNS 39033 130 11 punched punch VBN 39033 130 12 or or CC 39033 130 13 drilled drill VBD 39033 130 14 in in IN 39033 130 15 them -PRON- PRP 39033 130 16 in in IN 39033 130 17 such such PDT 39033 130 18 a a DT 39033 130 19 manner manner NN 39033 130 20 that that IN 39033 130 21 one one PRP 39033 130 22 may may MD 39033 130 23 be be VB 39033 130 24 made make VBN 39033 130 25 to to TO 39033 130 26 overlap overlap VB 39033 130 27 the the DT 39033 130 28 other other JJ 39033 130 29 so so IN 39033 130 30 that that IN 39033 130 31 the the DT 39033 130 32 holes hole NNS 39033 130 33 in in IN 39033 130 34 the the DT 39033 130 35 one one NN 39033 130 36 may may MD 39033 130 37 be be VB 39033 130 38 opposite opposite IN 39033 130 39 the the DT 39033 130 40 holes hole NNS 39033 130 41 in in IN 39033 130 42 the the DT 39033 130 43 other other JJ 39033 130 44 . . . 39033 131 1 The the DT 39033 131 2 rivets rivet NNS 39033 131 3 , , , 39033 131 4 which which WDT 39033 131 5 are be VBP 39033 131 6 round round JJ 39033 131 7 bars bar NNS 39033 131 8 of of IN 39033 131 9 iron iron NN 39033 131 10 , , , 39033 131 11 or or CC 39033 131 12 steel steel NN 39033 131 13 , , , 39033 131 14 or or CC 39033 131 15 other other JJ 39033 131 16 metal metal NN 39033 131 17 , , , 39033 131 18 are be VBP 39033 131 19 heated heat VBN 39033 131 20 to to IN 39033 131 21 redness redness NN 39033 131 22 and and CC 39033 131 23 inserted insert VBN 39033 131 24 in in IN 39033 131 25 the the DT 39033 131 26 holes hole NNS 39033 131 27 ; ; : 39033 131 28 the the DT 39033 131 29 head head NN 39033 131 30 already already RB 39033 131 31 formed form VBN 39033 131 32 on on IN 39033 131 33 the the DT 39033 131 34 rivet rivet NNS 39033 131 35 , , , 39033 131 36 and and CC 39033 131 37 called call VBD 39033 131 38 the the DT 39033 131 39 tail tail NN 39033 131 40 , , , 39033 131 41 is be VBZ 39033 131 42 then then RB 39033 131 43 held hold VBN 39033 131 44 up up RP 39033 131 45 , , , 39033 131 46 and and CC 39033 131 47 the the DT 39033 131 48 point point NN 39033 131 49 is be VBZ 39033 131 50 hammered hammer VBN 39033 131 51 or or CC 39033 131 52 pressed press VBN 39033 131 53 so so IN 39033 131 54 as as IN 39033 131 55 to to TO 39033 131 56 form form VB 39033 131 57 another another DT 39033 131 58 head head NN 39033 131 59 . . . 39033 132 1 This this DT 39033 132 2 process process NN 39033 132 3 of of IN 39033 132 4 forming form VBG 39033 132 5 the the DT 39033 132 6 second second JJ 39033 132 7 head head NN 39033 132 8 on on IN 39033 132 9 the the DT 39033 132 10 rivet rivet NNS 39033 132 11 is be VBZ 39033 132 12 known know VBN 39033 132 13 as as IN 39033 132 14 riveting riveting JJ 39033 132 15 , , , 39033 132 16 and and CC 39033 132 17 may may MD 39033 132 18 be be VB 39033 132 19 done do VBN 39033 132 20 by by IN 39033 132 21 hand hand NN 39033 132 22 - - HYPH 39033 132 23 hammering hammering NN 39033 132 24 or or CC 39033 132 25 by by IN 39033 132 26 a a DT 39033 132 27 machine machine NN 39033 132 28 . . . 39033 133 1 _ _ NNP 39033 133 2 Forms Forms NNPS 39033 133 3 of of IN 39033 133 4 Rivet Rivet NNP 39033 133 5 Heads._--In heads._--in NN 39033 133 6 fig fig NN 39033 133 7 . . . 39033 134 1 1 1 CD 39033 134 2 are be VBP 39033 134 3 shown show VBN 39033 134 4 four four CD 39033 134 5 different different JJ 39033 134 6 forms form NNS 39033 134 7 of of IN 39033 134 8 rivet rivet NNS 39033 134 9 heads head NNS 39033 134 10 : : : 39033 134 11 ( ( -LRB- 39033 134 12 _ _ NNP 39033 134 13 a a DT 39033 134 14 _ _ NNP 39033 134 15 ) ) -RRB- 39033 134 16 is be VBZ 39033 134 17 a a DT 39033 134 18 _ _ NNP 39033 134 19 snap snap NN 39033 134 20 head head NN 39033 134 21 _ _ NNP 39033 134 22 , , , 39033 134 23 ( ( -LRB- 39033 134 24 _ _ NNP 39033 134 25 b b NNP 39033 134 26 _ _ NNP 39033 134 27 ) ) -RRB- 39033 134 28 a a DT 39033 134 29 _ _ NNP 39033 134 30 conical conical JJ 39033 134 31 head head NN 39033 134 32 _ _ NNP 39033 134 33 ( ( -LRB- 39033 134 34 _ _ NNP 39033 134 35 c c NNP 39033 134 36 _ _ NNP 39033 134 37 ) ) -RRB- 39033 134 38 a a DT 39033 134 39 _ _ NNP 39033 134 40 pan pan NN 39033 134 41 head head NN 39033 134 42 _ _ NNP 39033 134 43 , , , 39033 134 44 and and CC 39033 134 45 ( ( -LRB- 39033 134 46 _ _ NNP 39033 134 47 d d NNP 39033 134 48 _ _ NNP 39033 134 49 ) ) -RRB- 39033 134 50 _ _ NNP 39033 134 51 a a DT 39033 134 52 countersunk countersunk JJ 39033 134 53 head head NN 39033 134 54 _ _ NNP 39033 134 55 . . . 39033 135 1 _ _ NNP 39033 135 2 Proportions Proportions NNP 39033 135 3 of of IN 39033 135 4 Rivet Rivet NNP 39033 135 5 Heads._--The Heads._--The NNP 39033 135 6 diameter diameter NN 39033 135 7 of of IN 39033 135 8 the the DT 39033 135 9 snap snap JJ 39033 135 10 head head NN 39033 135 11 is be VBZ 39033 135 12 about about IN 39033 135 13 1.7 1.7 CD 39033 135 14 times time NNS 39033 135 15 the the DT 39033 135 16 diameter diameter NN 39033 135 17 of of IN 39033 135 18 the the DT 39033 135 19 rivet rivet NNS 39033 135 20 , , , 39033 135 21 and and CC 39033 135 22 its -PRON- PRP$ 39033 135 23 height height NN 39033 135 24 about about IN 39033 135 25 .6 .6 NN 39033 135 26 of of IN 39033 135 27 the the DT 39033 135 28 diameter diameter NN 39033 135 29 of of IN 39033 135 30 the the DT 39033 135 31 rivet rivet NNS 39033 135 32 . . . 39033 136 1 The the DT 39033 136 2 conical conical JJ 39033 136 3 head head NN 39033 136 4 has have VBZ 39033 136 5 a a DT 39033 136 6 diameter diameter NN 39033 136 7 twice twice RB 39033 136 8 and and CC 39033 136 9 a a DT 39033 136 10 height height NN 39033 136 11 three three CD 39033 136 12 quarters quarter NNS 39033 136 13 of of IN 39033 136 14 the the DT 39033 136 15 rivet rivet NNS 39033 136 16 diameter diameter NN 39033 136 17 . . . 39033 137 1 The the DT 39033 137 2 greatest great JJS 39033 137 3 diameter diameter NN 39033 137 4 of of IN 39033 137 5 the the DT 39033 137 6 pan pan NNP 39033 137 7 head head NN 39033 137 8 is be VBZ 39033 137 9 about about IN 39033 137 10 1.6 1.6 CD 39033 137 11 , , , 39033 137 12 and and CC 39033 137 13 its -PRON- PRP$ 39033 137 14 height height NN 39033 137 15 .7 .7 NN 39033 137 16 of of IN 39033 137 17 the the DT 39033 137 18 rivet rivet NNS 39033 137 19 diameter diameter NN 39033 137 20 . . . 39033 138 1 The the DT 39033 138 2 greatest great JJS 39033 138 3 diameter diameter NN 39033 138 4 of of IN 39033 138 5 the the DT 39033 138 6 countersunk countersunk JJ 39033 138 7 head head NN 39033 138 8 may may MD 39033 138 9 be be VB 39033 138 10 one one CD 39033 138 11 and and CC 39033 138 12 a a DT 39033 138 13 half half NN 39033 138 14 , , , 39033 138 15 and and CC 39033 138 16 its -PRON- PRP$ 39033 138 17 depth depth NN 39033 138 18 a a DT 39033 138 19 half half NN 39033 138 20 of of IN 39033 138 21 the the DT 39033 138 22 diameter diameter NN 39033 138 23 of of IN 39033 138 24 the the DT 39033 138 25 rivet rivet NNS 39033 138 26 . . . 39033 139 1 [ [ -LRB- 39033 139 2 Illustration illustration NN 39033 139 3 : : : 39033 139 4 FIG FIG NNP 39033 139 5 . . . 39033 140 1 1 1 LS 39033 140 2 . . . 39033 140 3 ] ] -RRB- 39033 141 1 In in IN 39033 141 2 fig fig NN 39033 141 3 . . . 39033 142 1 1 1 CD 39033 142 2 at at IN 39033 142 3 ( ( -LRB- 39033 142 4 _ _ NNP 39033 142 5 a a DT 39033 142 6 _ _ NNP 39033 142 7 ) ) -RRB- 39033 142 8 and and CC 39033 142 9 ( ( -LRB- 39033 142 10 _ _ NNP 39033 142 11 b b NNP 39033 142 12 _ _ NNP 39033 142 13 ) ) -RRB- 39033 142 14 are be VBP 39033 142 15 shown show VBN 39033 142 16 geometrical geometrical JJ 39033 142 17 constructions construction NNS 39033 142 18 devised devise VBN 39033 142 19 by by IN 39033 142 20 the the DT 39033 142 21 author author NN 39033 142 22 for for IN 39033 142 23 drawing draw VBG 39033 142 24 the the DT 39033 142 25 snap snap JJ 39033 142 26 and and CC 39033 142 27 conical conical JJ 39033 142 28 head head NN 39033 142 29 for for IN 39033 142 30 any any DT 39033 142 31 size size NN 39033 142 32 of of IN 39033 142 33 rivet rivet NNS 39033 142 34 , , , 39033 142 35 the the DT 39033 142 36 proportions proportion NNS 39033 142 37 being be VBG 39033 142 38 nearly nearly RB 39033 142 39 the the DT 39033 142 40 same same JJ 39033 142 41 as as IN 39033 142 42 those those DT 39033 142 43 given give VBN 39033 142 44 above above RB 39033 142 45 . . . 39033 143 1 _ _ NNP 39033 143 2 Geometrical Geometrical NNP 39033 143 3 Construction Construction NNP 39033 143 4 for for IN 39033 143 5 Proportioning Proportioning NNP 39033 143 6 Snap Snap NNP 39033 143 7 Heads._--With Heads._--With NNP 39033 143 8 centre centre NN 39033 143 9 A a NN 39033 143 10 , , , 39033 143 11 and and CC 39033 143 12 radius radius NN 39033 143 13 equal equal JJ 39033 143 14 to to IN 39033 143 15 half half JJ 39033 143 16 diameter diameter NN 39033 143 17 of of IN 39033 143 18 rivet rivet NNS 39033 143 19 , , , 39033 143 20 describe describe VBP 39033 143 21 a a DT 39033 143 22 circle circle NN 39033 143 23 cutting cut VBG 39033 143 24 the the DT 39033 143 25 centre centre NN 39033 143 26 line line NN 39033 143 27 of of IN 39033 143 28 the the DT 39033 143 29 rivet rivet NNS 39033 143 30 at at IN 39033 143 31 B B NNP 39033 143 32 and and CC 39033 143 33 C. C. NNP 39033 143 34 With with IN 39033 143 35 centre centre NN 39033 143 36 B B NNP 39033 143 37 and and CC 39033 143 38 radius radius NN 39033 143 39 BC BC NNP 39033 143 40 describe describe VBP 39033 143 41 the the DT 39033 143 42 arc arc NN 39033 143 43 CD CD NNP 39033 143 44 . . . 39033 144 1 Make make VB 39033 144 2 BE be VB 39033 144 3 equal equal JJ 39033 144 4 to to IN 39033 144 5 AD ad NN 39033 144 6 . . . 39033 145 1 With with IN 39033 145 2 centre centre NN 39033 145 3 E e NN 39033 145 4 and and CC 39033 145 5 radius radius NN 39033 145 6 ED ED NNP 39033 145 7 describe describe VBP 39033 145 8 the the DT 39033 145 9 arc arc NNP 39033 145 10 DFH DFH NNP 39033 145 11 . . . 39033 146 1 _ _ NNP 39033 146 2 Construction Construction NNP 39033 146 3 for for IN 39033 146 4 Conical Conical NNP 39033 146 5 Head._--With Head._--With NNP 39033 146 6 centre centre NN 39033 146 7 K K NNP 39033 146 8 , , , 39033 146 9 and and CC 39033 146 10 radius radius NN 39033 146 11 equal equal JJ 39033 146 12 to to IN 39033 146 13 diameter diameter NN 39033 146 14 of of IN 39033 146 15 rivet rivet NNS 39033 146 16 , , , 39033 146 17 describe describe VB 39033 146 18 the the DT 39033 146 19 semicircle semicircle NN 39033 146 20 LMN LMN NNP 39033 146 21 , , , 39033 146 22 cutting cut VBG 39033 146 23 the the DT 39033 146 24 side side NN 39033 146 25 of of IN 39033 146 26 the the DT 39033 146 27 rivet rivet NNS 39033 146 28 at at IN 39033 146 29 M. M. NNP 39033 146 30 With With NNP 39033 146 31 centre centre NN 39033 146 32 M M NNP 39033 146 33 and and CC 39033 146 34 radius radius NNP 39033 146 35 MN MN NNP 39033 146 36 describe describe VBP 39033 146 37 the the DT 39033 146 38 arc arc NNP 39033 146 39 NP NP NNP 39033 146 40 to to TO 39033 146 41 cut cut VB 39033 146 42 the the DT 39033 146 43 centre centre NN 39033 146 44 line line NN 39033 146 45 of of IN 39033 146 46 rivet rivet NNS 39033 146 47 at at IN 39033 146 48 P. P. NNP 39033 146 49 Join Join NNP 39033 146 50 PL PL NNP 39033 146 51 and and CC 39033 146 52 PN PN NNP 39033 146 53 . . . 39033 147 1 When when WRB 39033 147 2 a a DT 39033 147 3 number number NN 39033 147 4 of of IN 39033 147 5 rivets rivet NNS 39033 147 6 of of IN 39033 147 7 the the DT 39033 147 8 same same JJ 39033 147 9 diameter diameter NN 39033 147 10 have have VBP 39033 147 11 to to TO 39033 147 12 be be VB 39033 147 13 shown show VBN 39033 147 14 on on IN 39033 147 15 the the DT 39033 147 16 same same JJ 39033 147 17 drawing drawing NN 39033 147 18 the the DT 39033 147 19 above above JJ 39033 147 20 constructions construction NNS 39033 147 21 need nee MD 39033 147 22 only only RB 39033 147 23 be be VB 39033 147 24 performed perform VBN 39033 147 25 on on IN 39033 147 26 one one CD 39033 147 27 rivet rivet NNS 39033 147 28 . . . 39033 148 1 After after IN 39033 148 2 the the DT 39033 148 3 point point NN 39033 148 4 E e NN 39033 148 5 has have VBZ 39033 148 6 been be VBN 39033 148 7 discovered discover VBN 39033 148 8 the the DT 39033 148 9 distance distance NN 39033 148 10 AE AE NNP 39033 148 11 may may MD 39033 148 12 be be VB 39033 148 13 measured measure VBN 39033 148 14 off off RP 39033 148 15 on on IN 39033 148 16 all all PDT 39033 148 17 the the DT 39033 148 18 other other JJ 39033 148 19 rivets rivet NNS 39033 148 20 , , , 39033 148 21 and and CC 39033 148 22 the the DT 39033 148 23 arcs arc NNS 39033 148 24 corresponding correspond VBG 39033 148 25 to to IN 39033 148 26 DFH DFH NNP 39033 148 27 drawn draw VBN 39033 148 28 with with IN 39033 148 29 radii radii NN 39033 148 30 equal equal JJ 39033 148 31 to to IN 39033 148 32 ED ED NNP 39033 148 33 . . . 39033 149 1 In in IN 39033 149 2 like like DT 39033 149 3 manner manner NN 39033 149 4 the the DT 39033 149 5 height height NN 39033 149 6 KP KP NNP 39033 149 7 of of IN 39033 149 8 the the DT 39033 149 9 conical conical JJ 39033 149 10 head head NN 39033 149 11 may may MD 39033 149 12 be be VB 39033 149 13 marked mark VBN 39033 149 14 off off RP 39033 149 15 on on IN 39033 149 16 all all DT 39033 149 17 rivets rivet NNS 39033 149 18 of of IN 39033 149 19 the the DT 39033 149 20 same same JJ 39033 149 21 diameter diameter NN 39033 149 22 with with IN 39033 149 23 conical conical JJ 39033 149 24 heads head NNS 39033 149 25 . . . 39033 150 1 _ _ NNP 39033 150 2 Caulking._--In Caulking._--In NNP 39033 150 3 order order NN 39033 150 4 to to TO 39033 150 5 make make VB 39033 150 6 riveted riveted JJ 39033 150 7 joints joint NNS 39033 150 8 steam- steam- JJ 39033 150 9 or or CC 39033 150 10 water water NN 39033 150 11 - - HYPH 39033 150 12 tight tight JJ 39033 150 13 the the DT 39033 150 14 edges edge NNS 39033 150 15 of of IN 39033 150 16 the the DT 39033 150 17 plates plate NNS 39033 150 18 and and CC 39033 150 19 the the DT 39033 150 20 edges edge NNS 39033 150 21 of of IN 39033 150 22 the the DT 39033 150 23 heads head NNS 39033 150 24 of of IN 39033 150 25 the the DT 39033 150 26 rivets rivet NNS 39033 150 27 are be VBP 39033 150 28 burred bur VBN 39033 150 29 down down RP 39033 150 30 by by IN 39033 150 31 a a DT 39033 150 32 blunt blunt JJ 39033 150 33 chisel chisel NN 39033 150 34 or or CC 39033 150 35 caulking caulk VBG 39033 150 36 tool tool NN 39033 150 37 as as IN 39033 150 38 shown show VBN 39033 150 39 at at IN 39033 150 40 Q Q NNP 39033 150 41 and and CC 39033 150 42 R. R. NNP 39033 150 43 [ [ -LRB- 39033 150 44 Illustration illustration NN 39033 150 45 : : : 39033 150 46 FIG FIG NNP 39033 150 47 . . . 39033 151 1 2 2 LS 39033 151 2 . . . 39033 151 3 ] ] -RRB- 39033 152 1 [ [ -LRB- 39033 152 2 Illustration illustration NN 39033 152 3 : : : 39033 152 4 FIG FIG NNP 39033 152 5 . . . 39033 153 1 3 3 LS 39033 153 2 . . . 39033 153 3 ] ] -RRB- 39033 154 1 EXERCISE EXERCISE NNP 39033 154 2 1 1 CD 39033 154 3 : : : 39033 154 4 _ _ NNP 39033 154 5 Forms Forms NNPS 39033 154 6 of of IN 39033 154 7 Rivets._--Draw Rivets._--Draw NNP 39033 154 8 , , , 39033 154 9 full full JJ 39033 154 10 size size NN 39033 154 11 , , , 39033 154 12 the the DT 39033 154 13 rivets rivet NNS 39033 154 14 and and CC 39033 154 15 rivet rivet NNS 39033 154 16 heads head NNS 39033 154 17 shown show VBN 39033 154 18 in in IN 39033 154 19 fig fig NN 39033 154 20 . . . 39033 155 1 1 1 LS 39033 155 2 . . . 39033 156 1 The the DT 39033 156 2 diameter diameter NN 39033 156 3 of of IN 39033 156 4 the the DT 39033 156 5 rivet rivet NNS 39033 156 6 in in IN 39033 156 7 each each DT 39033 156 8 case case NN 39033 156 9 to to TO 39033 156 10 be be VB 39033 156 11 1 1 CD 39033 156 12 - - HYPH 39033 156 13 1/8 1/8 CD 39033 156 14 inches inch NNS 39033 156 15 , , , 39033 156 16 and and CC 39033 156 17 the the DT 39033 156 18 thickness thickness NN 39033 156 19 of of IN 39033 156 20 the the DT 39033 156 21 plates plate NNS 39033 156 22 7/8 7/8 CD 39033 156 23 inch inch NN 39033 156 24 . . . 39033 157 1 EXERCISE EXERCISE NNP 39033 157 2 2 2 CD 39033 157 3 : : : 39033 157 4 _ _ NNP 39033 157 5 Single Single NNP 39033 157 6 Riveted Riveted NNP 39033 157 7 Lap Lap NNP 39033 157 8 Joint._--Draw Joint._--Draw NNP 39033 157 9 , , , 39033 157 10 full full JJ 39033 157 11 size size NN 39033 157 12 , , , 39033 157 13 the the DT 39033 157 14 plan plan NN 39033 157 15 and and CC 39033 157 16 sectional sectional JJ 39033 157 17 elevation elevation NN 39033 157 18 of of IN 39033 157 19 the the DT 39033 157 20 _ _ NNP 39033 157 21 single single JJ 39033 157 22 riveted rivet VBN 39033 157 23 lap lap NN 39033 157 24 joint joint NN 39033 157 25 _ _ NNP 39033 157 26 shown show VBN 39033 157 27 in in IN 39033 157 28 fig fig NN 39033 157 29 . . . 39033 158 1 2 2 LS 39033 158 2 . . . 39033 159 1 _ _ NNP 39033 159 2 Table Table NNP 39033 159 3 showing show VBG 39033 159 4 the the DT 39033 159 5 Proportions Proportions NNP 39033 159 6 of of IN 39033 159 7 Single Single NNP 39033 159 8 Riveted Riveted NNP 39033 159 9 Lap Lap NNP 39033 159 10 Joints joint NNS 39033 159 11 for for IN 39033 159 12 various various JJ 39033 159 13 Thicknesses thickness NNS 39033 159 14 of of IN 39033 159 15 Plates Plates NNPS 39033 159 16 . . . 39033 159 17 _ _ NNP 39033 159 18 ( ( -LRB- 39033 159 19 _ _ NNP 39033 159 20 Plates Plates NNPS 39033 159 21 and and CC 39033 159 22 Rivets Rivets NNPS 39033 159 23 Wrought Wrought NNP 39033 159 24 Iron Iron NNP 39033 159 25 . . . 39033 159 26 _ _ NNP 39033 159 27 ) ) -RRB- 39033 159 28 + + CC 39033 159 29 --------------+-------------+----------+--------------+ --------------+-------------+----------+--------------+ NN 39033 159 30 | | NNP 39033 159 31 Thickness Thickness NNP 39033 159 32 of of IN 39033 159 33 | | NNP 39033 159 34 Diameter Diameter NNP 39033 159 35 of of IN 39033 159 36 | | NNP 39033 159 37 Pitch Pitch NNP 39033 159 38 of of IN 39033 159 39 | | NNP 39033 159 40 Width Width NNP 39033 159 41 of of IN 39033 159 42 lap lap NNP 39033 159 43 | | HYPH 39033 159 44 | | NNP 39033 159 45 plates plate VBZ 39033 159 46 | | NNS 39033 159 47 rivets rivet VBZ 39033 159 48 | | CD 39033 159 49 rivets rivet VBZ 39033 159 50 | | CD 39033 159 51 | | CD 39033 159 52 + + SYM 39033 159 53 --------------+-------------+----------+--------------+ --------------+-------------+----------+--------------+ , 39033 159 54 | | NNP 39033 159 55 1/4 1/4 CD 39033 159 56 | | CD 39033 159 57 9/16 9/16 CD 39033 159 58 | | CD 39033 159 59 1 1 CD 39033 159 60 - - HYPH 39033 159 61 5/8 5/8 CD 39033 159 62 | | CD 39033 159 63 1 1 CD 39033 159 64 - - HYPH 39033 159 65 3/4 3/4 CD 39033 159 66 | | HYPH 39033 159 67 | | CD 39033 159 68 5/16 5/16 CD 39033 159 69 | | CD 39033 159 70 5/8 5/8 CD 39033 159 71 | | CD 39033 159 72 1 1 CD 39033 159 73 - - HYPH 39033 159 74 3/4 3/4 CD 39033 159 75 | | CD 39033 159 76 2 2 CD 39033 159 77 | | CD 39033 159 78 | | CD 39033 159 79 3/8 3/8 CD 39033 159 80 | | CD 39033 159 81 11/16 11/16 CD 39033 159 82 | | CD 39033 159 83 1 1 CD 39033 159 84 - - HYPH 39033 159 85 7/8 7/8 CD 39033 159 86 | | CD 39033 159 87 2 2 CD 39033 159 88 - - HYPH 39033 159 89 1/4 1/4 CD 39033 159 90 | | CD 39033 159 91 | | CD 39033 159 92 7/16 7/16 CD 39033 159 93 | | CD 39033 159 94 3/4 3/4 CD 39033 159 95 | | CD 39033 159 96 2 2 CD 39033 159 97 | | CD 39033 159 98 2 2 CD 39033 159 99 - - HYPH 39033 159 100 1/2 1/2 CD 39033 159 101 | | CD 39033 159 102 | | CD 39033 159 103 1/2 1/2 CD 39033 159 104 | | CD 39033 159 105 13/16 13/16 CD 39033 159 106 | | CD 39033 159 107 2 2 CD 39033 159 108 - - HYPH 39033 159 109 1/8 1/8 CD 39033 159 110 | | CD 39033 159 111 2 2 CD 39033 159 112 - - HYPH 39033 159 113 3/4 3/4 CD 39033 159 114 | | CD 39033 159 115 | | CD 39033 159 116 9/16 9/16 CD 39033 159 117 | | CD 39033 159 118 7/8 7/8 CD 39033 159 119 | | CD 39033 159 120 2 2 CD 39033 159 121 - - HYPH 39033 159 122 1/4 1/4 CD 39033 159 123 | | CD 39033 159 124 2 2 CD 39033 159 125 - - HYPH 39033 159 126 7/8 7/8 CD 39033 159 127 | | CD 39033 159 128 | | CD 39033 159 129 5/8 5/8 CD 39033 159 130 | | CD 39033 159 131 15/16 15/16 CD 39033 159 132 | | CD 39033 159 133 2 2 CD 39033 159 134 - - HYPH 39033 159 135 5/16 5/16 CD 39033 159 136 | | CD 39033 159 137 3 3 CD 39033 159 138 | | CD 39033 159 139 | | CD 39033 159 140 11/16 11/16 CD 39033 159 141 | | CD 39033 159 142 1 1 CD 39033 159 143 | | CD 39033 159 144 2 2 CD 39033 159 145 - - HYPH 39033 159 146 3/8 3/8 CD 39033 159 147 | | CD 39033 159 148 3 3 CD 39033 159 149 - - HYPH 39033 159 150 1/8 1/8 CD 39033 159 151 | | CD 39033 159 152 | | CD 39033 159 153 3/4 3/4 CD 39033 159 154 | | CD 39033 159 155 1 1 CD 39033 159 156 - - HYPH 39033 159 157 1/16 1/16 CD 39033 159 158 | | CD 39033 159 159 2 2 CD 39033 159 160 - - HYPH 39033 159 161 1/2 1/2 CD 39033 159 162 | | CD 39033 159 163 3 3 CD 39033 159 164 - - HYPH 39033 159 165 1/4 1/4 CD 39033 159 166 | | CD 39033 159 167 + + NNS 39033 159 168 ------------------------------------------------------+ ------------------------------------------------------+ . 39033 159 169 All all PDT 39033 159 170 the the DT 39033 159 171 dimensions dimension NNS 39033 159 172 are be VBP 39033 159 173 in in IN 39033 159 174 inches inch NNS 39033 159 175 . . . 39033 160 1 [ [ -LRB- 39033 160 2 Illustration illustration NN 39033 160 3 : : : 39033 160 4 FIG FIG NNP 39033 160 5 . . . 39033 161 1 4 4 LS 39033 161 2 . . . 39033 161 3 ] ] -RRB- 39033 162 1 EXERCISE EXERCISE NNP 39033 162 2 3.--Draw 3.--draw CD 39033 162 3 , , , 39033 162 4 half half NN 39033 162 5 size size NN 39033 162 6 , , , 39033 162 7 a a DT 39033 162 8 plan plan NN 39033 162 9 and and CC 39033 162 10 section section NN 39033 162 11 of of IN 39033 162 12 a a DT 39033 162 13 single single JJ 39033 162 14 riveted riveted JJ 39033 162 15 lap lap NN 39033 162 16 joint joint NN 39033 162 17 for for IN 39033 162 18 plates plate NNS 39033 162 19 3/4 3/4 CD 39033 162 20 " " `` 39033 162 21 thick thick JJ 39033 162 22 to to IN 39033 162 23 the the DT 39033 162 24 dimensions dimension NNS 39033 162 25 given give VBN 39033 162 26 in in IN 39033 162 27 the the DT 39033 162 28 above above JJ 39033 162 29 table table NN 39033 162 30 . . . 39033 163 1 EXERCISE EXERCISE NNP 39033 163 2 4 4 CD 39033 163 3 : : : 39033 163 4 _ _ NNP 39033 163 5 Double Double NNP 39033 163 6 Riveted Riveted NNP 39033 163 7 Lap Lap NNP 39033 163 8 Joint._--Draw Joint._--Draw NNP 39033 163 9 , , , 39033 163 10 full full JJ 39033 163 11 size size NN 39033 163 12 , , , 39033 163 13 the the DT 39033 163 14 two two CD 39033 163 15 views view NNS 39033 163 16 of of IN 39033 163 17 the the DT 39033 163 18 _ _ NNP 39033 163 19 double double JJ 39033 163 20 riveted riveted JJ 39033 163 21 lap lap NN 39033 163 22 joint joint NN 39033 163 23 _ _ NNP 39033 163 24 shown show VBN 39033 163 25 in in IN 39033 163 26 fig fig NN 39033 163 27 . . . 39033 164 1 3 3 LS 39033 164 2 . . . 39033 165 1 _ _ NNP 39033 165 2 Table Table NNP 39033 165 3 showing show VBG 39033 165 4 the the DT 39033 165 5 Proportions Proportions NNP 39033 165 6 of of IN 39033 165 7 Double Double NNP 39033 165 8 Riveted Riveted NNP 39033 165 9 Lap Lap NNP 39033 165 10 Joints joint NNS 39033 165 11 for for IN 39033 165 12 various various JJ 39033 165 13 Thicknesses thickness NNS 39033 165 14 of of IN 39033 165 15 Plates Plates NNPS 39033 165 16 . . . 39033 165 17 _ _ NNP 39033 165 18 ( ( -LRB- 39033 165 19 _ _ NNP 39033 165 20 Plates Plates NNPS 39033 165 21 and and CC 39033 165 22 Rivets Rivets NNPS 39033 165 23 Wrought Wrought NNP 39033 165 24 Iron Iron NNP 39033 165 25 . . . 39033 165 26 _ _ NNP 39033 165 27 ) ) -RRB- 39033 165 28 + + NFP 39033 165 29 -----------+-------------+----------+------------------+----------+ -----------+-------------+----------+------------------+----------+ NNP 39033 165 30 | | NNP 39033 165 31 Thickness Thickness NNP 39033 165 32 | | NNP 39033 165 33 Diameter Diameter NNP 39033 165 34 of of IN 39033 165 35 | | NNP 39033 165 36 Pitch Pitch NNP 39033 165 37 of of IN 39033 165 38 | | NNP 39033 165 39 Distance Distance NNP 39033 165 40 between between IN 39033 165 41 | | NNP 39033 165 42 Width Width NNP 39033 165 43 of of IN 39033 165 44 | | CD 39033 165 45 | | CD 39033 165 46 of of IN 39033 165 47 plates plate NNS 39033 165 48 | | NNP 39033 165 49 rivets rivet VBZ 39033 165 50 | | CD 39033 165 51 rivets rivet VBZ 39033 165 52 | | CD 39033 165 53 rows row NNS 39033 165 54 of of IN 39033 165 55 rivets rivet NNS 39033 165 56 | | NNP 39033 165 57 lap lap NNP 39033 165 58 | | NNP 39033 165 59 + + SYM 39033 165 60 -----------+-------------+----------+------------------+----------+ -----------+-------------+----------+------------------+----------+ NNP 39033 165 61 | | NNP 39033 165 62 3/8 3/8 CD 39033 165 63 | | CD 39033 165 64 11/16 11/16 CD 39033 165 65 | | CD 39033 165 66 2 2 CD 39033 165 67 - - HYPH 39033 165 68 1/2 1/2 CD 39033 165 69 | | CD 39033 165 70 1 1 CD 39033 165 71 - - HYPH 39033 165 72 1/8 1/8 CD 39033 165 73 | | CD 39033 165 74 3 3 CD 39033 165 75 - - HYPH 39033 165 76 1/2 1/2 CD 39033 165 77 | | CD 39033 165 78 | | CD 39033 165 79 7/16 7/16 CD 39033 165 80 | | CD 39033 165 81 3/4 3/4 CD 39033 165 82 | | CD 39033 165 83 2 2 CD 39033 165 84 - - HYPH 39033 165 85 5/8 5/8 CD 39033 165 86 | | CD 39033 165 87 1 1 CD 39033 165 88 - - HYPH 39033 165 89 1/4 1/4 CD 39033 165 90 | | CD 39033 165 91 3 3 CD 39033 165 92 - - HYPH 39033 165 93 3/4 3/4 CD 39033 165 94 | | CD 39033 165 95 | | CD 39033 165 96 1/2 1/2 CD 39033 165 97 | | CD 39033 165 98 13/16 13/16 CD 39033 165 99 | | CD 39033 165 100 2 2 CD 39033 165 101 - - HYPH 39033 165 102 3/4 3/4 CD 39033 165 103 | | CD 39033 165 104 1 1 CD 39033 165 105 - - HYPH 39033 165 106 3/8 3/8 CD 39033 165 107 | | CD 39033 165 108 4 4 CD 39033 165 109 | | CD 39033 165 110 | | CD 39033 165 111 9/16 9/16 CD 39033 165 112 | | CD 39033 165 113 7/8 7/8 CD 39033 165 114 | | CD 39033 165 115 2 2 CD 39033 165 116 - - HYPH 39033 165 117 7/8 7/8 CD 39033 165 118 | | CD 39033 165 119 1 1 CD 39033 165 120 - - HYPH 39033 165 121 7/16 7/16 CD 39033 165 122 | | CD 39033 165 123 4 4 CD 39033 165 124 - - HYPH 39033 165 125 1/4 1/4 CD 39033 165 126 | | CD 39033 165 127 | | CD 39033 165 128 5/8 5/8 CD 39033 165 129 | | CD 39033 165 130 15/16 15/16 CD 39033 165 131 | | CD 39033 165 132 3 3 CD 39033 165 133 | | CD 39033 165 134 1 1 CD 39033 165 135 - - HYPH 39033 165 136 9/16 9/16 CD 39033 165 137 | | CD 39033 165 138 4 4 CD 39033 165 139 - - HYPH 39033 165 140 1/2 1/2 CD 39033 165 141 | | CD 39033 165 142 | | CD 39033 165 143 11/16 11/16 CD 39033 165 144 | | CD 39033 165 145 1 1 CD 39033 165 146 | | CD 39033 165 147 3 3 CD 39033 165 148 - - HYPH 39033 165 149 1/8 1/8 CD 39033 165 150 | | CD 39033 165 151 1 1 CD 39033 165 152 - - HYPH 39033 165 153 3/4 3/4 CD 39033 165 154 | | CD 39033 165 155 4 4 CD 39033 165 156 - - HYPH 39033 165 157 3/4 3/4 CD 39033 165 158 | | CD 39033 165 159 | | CD 39033 165 160 3/4 3/4 CD 39033 165 161 | | CD 39033 165 162 1 1 CD 39033 165 163 - - HYPH 39033 165 164 1/16 1/16 CD 39033 165 165 | | CD 39033 165 166 3 3 CD 39033 165 167 - - HYPH 39033 165 168 1/4 1/4 CD 39033 165 169 | | CD 39033 165 170 1 1 CD 39033 165 171 - - HYPH 39033 165 172 7/8 7/8 CD 39033 165 173 | | CD 39033 165 174 5 5 CD 39033 165 175 | | CD 39033 165 176 | | CD 39033 165 177 13/16 13/16 CD 39033 165 178 | | CD 39033 165 179 1 1 CD 39033 165 180 - - HYPH 39033 165 181 1/16 1/16 CD 39033 165 182 | | CD 39033 165 183 3 3 CD 39033 165 184 - - HYPH 39033 165 185 3/8 3/8 CD 39033 165 186 | | CD 39033 165 187 1 1 CD 39033 165 188 - - HYPH 39033 165 189 7/8 7/8 CD 39033 165 190 | | CD 39033 165 191 5 5 CD 39033 165 192 | | CD 39033 165 193 | | CD 39033 165 194 7/8 7/8 CD 39033 165 195 | | CD 39033 165 196 1 1 CD 39033 165 197 - - HYPH 39033 165 198 1/8 1/8 CD 39033 165 199 | | CD 39033 165 200 3 3 CD 39033 165 201 - - HYPH 39033 165 202 1/2 1/2 CD 39033 165 203 | | CD 39033 165 204 1 1 CD 39033 165 205 - - HYPH 39033 165 206 15/16 15/16 CD 39033 165 207 | | CD 39033 165 208 5 5 CD 39033 165 209 - - HYPH 39033 165 210 1/4 1/4 CD 39033 165 211 | | CD 39033 165 212 | | CD 39033 165 213 15/16 15/16 CD 39033 165 214 | | CD 39033 165 215 1 1 CD 39033 165 216 - - HYPH 39033 165 217 1/8 1/8 CD 39033 165 218 | | CD 39033 165 219 3 3 CD 39033 165 220 - - HYPH 39033 165 221 5/8 5/8 CD 39033 165 222 | | CD 39033 165 223 1 1 CD 39033 165 224 - - HYPH 39033 165 225 15/16 15/16 CD 39033 165 226 | | CD 39033 165 227 5 5 CD 39033 165 228 - - HYPH 39033 165 229 1/4 1/4 CD 39033 165 230 | | CD 39033 165 231 | | CD 39033 165 232 1 1 CD 39033 165 233 | | CD 39033 165 234 1 1 CD 39033 165 235 - - HYPH 39033 165 236 3/16 3/16 CD 39033 165 237 | | CD 39033 165 238 3 3 CD 39033 165 239 - - HYPH 39033 165 240 3/4 3/4 CD 39033 165 241 | | CD 39033 165 242 2 2 CD 39033 165 243 | | CD 39033 165 244 5 5 CD 39033 165 245 - - HYPH 39033 165 246 1/2 1/2 CD 39033 165 247 | | CD 39033 165 248 + + SYM 39033 165 249 -----------+-------------+----------+------------------+----------+ -----------+-------------+----------+------------------+----------+ . 39033 165 250 [ [ -LRB- 39033 165 251 Illustration illustration NN 39033 165 252 : : : 39033 165 253 FIG FIG NNP 39033 165 254 . . . 39033 166 1 5 5 CD 39033 166 2 . . . 39033 166 3 ] ] -RRB- 39033 167 1 EXERCISE EXERCISE NNP 39033 167 2 5.--Draw 5.--Draw NNP 39033 167 3 , , , 39033 167 4 half half NN 39033 167 5 size size NN 39033 167 6 , , , 39033 167 7 a a DT 39033 167 8 plan plan NN 39033 167 9 and and CC 39033 167 10 section section NN 39033 167 11 of of IN 39033 167 12 a a DT 39033 167 13 double double JJ 39033 167 14 riveted riveted JJ 39033 167 15 lap lap NN 39033 167 16 joint joint NN 39033 167 17 for for IN 39033 167 18 plates plate NNS 39033 167 19 7/8 7/8 CD 39033 167 20 inch inch NN 39033 167 21 thick thick JJ 39033 167 22 to to IN 39033 167 23 the the DT 39033 167 24 dimensions dimension NNS 39033 167 25 given give VBN 39033 167 26 in in IN 39033 167 27 the the DT 39033 167 28 above above JJ 39033 167 29 table table NN 39033 167 30 . . . 39033 168 1 EXERCISE EXERCISE NNP 39033 168 2 6 6 CD 39033 168 3 : : : 39033 168 4 _ _ NNP 39033 168 5 Single Single NNP 39033 168 6 Riveted rivet VBN 39033 168 7 Butt Butt NNP 39033 168 8 Joints._--In joints._--in NN 39033 168 9 fig fig NN 39033 168 10 . . . 39033 169 1 4 4 CD 39033 169 2 are be VBP 39033 169 3 shown show VBN 39033 169 4 _ _ NNP 39033 169 5 single single JJ 39033 169 6 riveted rivet VBN 39033 169 7 butt butt NN 39033 169 8 joints joint NNS 39033 169 9 _ _ NNP 39033 169 10 . . . 39033 170 1 One one CD 39033 170 2 of of IN 39033 170 3 the the DT 39033 170 4 sectional sectional JJ 39033 170 5 views view NNS 39033 170 6 shows show VBZ 39033 170 7 a a DT 39033 170 8 butt butt NN 39033 170 9 joint joint JJ 39033 170 10 with with IN 39033 170 11 one one CD 39033 170 12 _ _ NNP 39033 170 13 cover cover NN 39033 170 14 plate plate NN 39033 170 15 _ _ NNP 39033 170 16 or or CC 39033 170 17 _ _ NNP 39033 170 18 butt butt NN 39033 170 19 strap strap NNP 39033 170 20 _ _ NNP 39033 170 21 ; ; : 39033 170 22 the the DT 39033 170 23 other other JJ 39033 170 24 sectional sectional JJ 39033 170 25 view view NN 39033 170 26 shows show VBZ 39033 170 27 the the DT 39033 170 28 same same JJ 39033 170 29 joint joint NN 39033 170 30 with with IN 39033 170 31 two two CD 39033 170 32 cover cover NN 39033 170 33 plates plate NNS 39033 170 34 ; ; : 39033 170 35 the the DT 39033 170 36 third third JJ 39033 170 37 view view NN 39033 170 38 is be VBZ 39033 170 39 a a DT 39033 170 40 plan plan NN 39033 170 41 of of IN 39033 170 42 both both DT 39033 170 43 arrangements arrangement NNS 39033 170 44 . . . 39033 171 1 Draw draw VB 39033 171 2 all all PDT 39033 171 3 these these DT 39033 171 4 views view NNS 39033 171 5 full full JJ 39033 171 6 size size NN 39033 171 7 . . . 39033 172 1 EXERCISE EXERCISE NNP 39033 172 2 7.--Fig 7.--Fig NNP 39033 172 3 . . . 39033 173 1 5 5 CD 39033 173 2 shows show VBZ 39033 173 3 a a DT 39033 173 4 plan plan NN 39033 173 5 and and CC 39033 173 6 sectional sectional JJ 39033 173 7 elevation elevation NN 39033 173 8 of of IN 39033 173 9 the the DT 39033 173 10 connection connection NN 39033 173 11 of of IN 39033 173 12 three three CD 39033 173 13 plates plate NNS 39033 173 14 together together RB 39033 173 15 , , , 39033 173 16 which which WDT 39033 173 17 are be VBP 39033 173 18 in in IN 39033 173 19 the the DT 39033 173 20 same same JJ 39033 173 21 plane plane NN 39033 173 22 , , , 39033 173 23 by by IN 39033 173 24 means mean NNS 39033 173 25 of of IN 39033 173 26 single single JJ 39033 173 27 riveted rivet VBN 39033 173 28 butt butt NN 39033 173 29 joints joint NNS 39033 173 30 and and CC 39033 173 31 single single JJ 39033 173 32 cover cover NN 39033 173 33 plates plate NNS 39033 173 34 . . . 39033 174 1 The the DT 39033 174 2 butt butt NN 39033 174 3 straps strap VBZ 39033 174 4 where where WRB 39033 174 5 they -PRON- PRP 39033 174 6 overlap overlap VBP 39033 174 7 are be VBP 39033 174 8 forged forge VBN 39033 174 9 so so IN 39033 174 10 as as IN 39033 174 11 to to TO 39033 174 12 fit fit VB 39033 174 13 one one NN 39033 174 14 another another DT 39033 174 15 as as IN 39033 174 16 shown show VBN 39033 174 17 , , , 39033 174 18 and and CC 39033 174 19 thus thus RB 39033 174 20 form form VB 39033 174 21 a a DT 39033 174 22 close close JJ 39033 174 23 joint joint NN 39033 174 24 . . . 39033 175 1 Draw draw VB 39033 175 2 these these DT 39033 175 3 views view NNS 39033 175 4 to to IN 39033 175 5 the the DT 39033 175 6 scale scale NN 39033 175 7 of of IN 39033 175 8 6 6 CD 39033 175 9 inches inch NNS 39033 175 10 to to IN 39033 175 11 a a DT 39033 175 12 foot foot NN 39033 175 13 . . . 39033 176 1 The the DT 39033 176 2 plates plate NNS 39033 176 3 are be VBP 39033 176 4 1/2 1/2 CD 39033 176 5 inch inch NN 39033 176 6 thick thick JJ 39033 176 7 and and CC 39033 176 8 the the DT 39033 176 9 butt butt NN 39033 176 10 straps strap VBZ 39033 176 11 9/16 9/16 CD 39033 176 12 inch inch NN 39033 176 13 thick thick JJ 39033 176 14 . . . 39033 177 1 All all DT 39033 177 2 other other JJ 39033 177 3 dimensions dimension NNS 39033 177 4 must must MD 39033 177 5 be be VB 39033 177 6 deduced deduce VBN 39033 177 7 from from IN 39033 177 8 the the DT 39033 177 9 table table NN 39033 177 10 for for IN 39033 177 11 single single JJ 39033 177 12 riveted riveted JJ 39033 177 13 lap lap NN 39033 177 14 joints joint NNS 39033 177 15 . . . 39033 178 1 EXERCISE EXERCISE NNP 39033 178 2 8.--The 8.--the CD 39033 178 3 connection connection NN 39033 178 4 of of IN 39033 178 5 three three CD 39033 178 6 plates plate NNS 39033 178 7 by by IN 39033 178 8 single single JJ 39033 178 9 riveted riveted JJ 39033 178 10 lap lap NN 39033 178 11 joints joint NNS 39033 178 12 is be VBZ 39033 178 13 shown show VBN 39033 178 14 in in IN 39033 178 15 fig fig NN 39033 178 16 . . . 39033 179 1 6 6 CD 39033 179 2 . . . 39033 180 1 To to TO 39033 180 2 make make VB 39033 180 3 the the DT 39033 180 4 joint joint JJ 39033 180 5 close close JJ 39033 180 6 one one CD 39033 180 7 plate plate NN 39033 180 8 has have VBZ 39033 180 9 a a DT 39033 180 10 portion portion NN 39033 180 11 of of IN 39033 180 12 its -PRON- PRP$ 39033 180 13 edge edge NN 39033 180 14 thinned thin VBN 39033 180 15 out out RP 39033 180 16 , , , 39033 180 17 and and CC 39033 180 18 the the DT 39033 180 19 plate plate NN 39033 180 20 above above IN 39033 180 21 it -PRON- PRP 39033 180 22 is be VBZ 39033 180 23 set set VBN 39033 180 24 up up RP 39033 180 25 at at IN 39033 180 26 this this DT 39033 180 27 part part NN 39033 180 28 so so IN 39033 180 29 as as IN 39033 180 30 to to TO 39033 180 31 lie lie VB 39033 180 32 close close RB 39033 180 33 to to IN 39033 180 34 the the DT 39033 180 35 former former JJ 39033 180 36 . . . 39033 181 1 Draw draw VB 39033 181 2 the the DT 39033 181 3 three three CD 39033 181 4 views view NNS 39033 181 5 shown show VBN 39033 181 6 in in IN 39033 181 7 fig fig NN 39033 181 8 . . . 39033 182 1 6 6 CD 39033 182 2 to to IN 39033 182 3 the the DT 39033 182 4 same same JJ 39033 182 5 scale scale NN 39033 182 6 as as IN 39033 182 7 the the DT 39033 182 8 last last JJ 39033 182 9 exercise exercise NN 39033 182 10 . . . 39033 183 1 The the DT 39033 183 2 plates plate NNS 39033 183 3 are be VBP 39033 183 4 7/16 7/16 CD 39033 183 5 inch inch NN 39033 183 6 thick thick JJ 39033 183 7 . . . 39033 184 1 All all DT 39033 184 2 other other JJ 39033 184 3 dimensions dimension NNS 39033 184 4 to to TO 39033 184 5 be be VB 39033 184 6 obtained obtain VBN 39033 184 7 from from IN 39033 184 8 table table NN 39033 184 9 for for IN 39033 184 10 single single JJ 39033 184 11 riveted riveted JJ 39033 184 12 lap lap NN 39033 184 13 joints joint NNS 39033 184 14 . . . 39033 185 1 EXERCISE EXERCISE NNP 39033 185 2 9 9 CD 39033 185 3 : : : 39033 185 4 _ _ NNP 39033 185 5 Corner Corner NNP 39033 185 6 of of IN 39033 185 7 Wrought Wrought NNP 39033 185 8 - - HYPH 39033 185 9 iron iron NN 39033 185 10 Tank._--This tank._--this DT 39033 185 11 exercise exercise NN 39033 185 12 is be VBZ 39033 185 13 to to TO 39033 185 14 illustrate illustrate VB 39033 185 15 the the DT 39033 185 16 connection connection NN 39033 185 17 of of IN 39033 185 18 plates plate NNS 39033 185 19 which which WDT 39033 185 20 are be VBP 39033 185 21 at at IN 39033 185 22 right right JJ 39033 185 23 angles angle NNS 39033 185 24 to to IN 39033 185 25 one one CD 39033 185 26 another another DT 39033 185 27 by by IN 39033 185 28 means mean NNS 39033 185 29 of of IN 39033 185 30 _ _ NNP 39033 185 31 angle angle NN 39033 185 32 irons iron NNS 39033 185 33 _ _ NNP 39033 185 34 . . . 39033 186 1 Fig fig NN 39033 186 2 . . . 39033 187 1 7 7 CD 39033 187 2 is be VBZ 39033 187 3 a a DT 39033 187 4 plan plan NN 39033 187 5 and and CC 39033 187 6 elevation elevation NN 39033 187 7 of of IN 39033 187 8 the the DT 39033 187 9 corner corner NN 39033 187 10 of of IN 39033 187 11 a a DT 39033 187 12 wrought wrought NN 39033 187 13 - - HYPH 39033 187 14 iron iron NN 39033 187 15 tank tank NN 39033 187 16 . . . 39033 188 1 The the DT 39033 188 2 sides side NNS 39033 188 3 of of IN 39033 188 4 the the DT 39033 188 5 tank tank NN 39033 188 6 are be VBP 39033 188 7 riveted rivet VBN 39033 188 8 to to IN 39033 188 9 a a DT 39033 188 10 vertical vertical JJ 39033 188 11 angle angle NN 39033 188 12 iron iron NN 39033 188 13 , , , 39033 188 14 the the DT 39033 188 15 cross cross NN 39033 188 16 section section NN 39033 188 17 of of IN 39033 188 18 which which WDT 39033 188 19 is be VBZ 39033 188 20 clearly clearly RB 39033 188 21 shown show VBN 39033 188 22 in in IN 39033 188 23 the the DT 39033 188 24 plan plan NN 39033 188 25 . . . 39033 189 1 Another another DT 39033 189 2 angle angle NN 39033 189 3 iron iron NN 39033 189 4 of of IN 39033 189 5 the the DT 39033 189 6 same same JJ 39033 189 7 dimensions dimension NNS 39033 189 8 is be VBZ 39033 189 9 used use VBN 39033 189 10 in in IN 39033 189 11 the the DT 39033 189 12 same same JJ 39033 189 13 way way NN 39033 189 14 to to TO 39033 189 15 connect connect VB 39033 189 16 the the DT 39033 189 17 sides side NNS 39033 189 18 with with IN 39033 189 19 the the DT 39033 189 20 bottom bottom NN 39033 189 21 . . . 39033 190 1 The the DT 39033 190 2 sides side NNS 39033 190 3 do do VBP 39033 190 4 not not RB 39033 190 5 come come VB 39033 190 6 quite quite RB 39033 190 7 up up RB 39033 190 8 to to IN 39033 190 9 the the DT 39033 190 10 corner corner NN 39033 190 11 of of IN 39033 190 12 the the DT 39033 190 13 vertical vertical JJ 39033 190 14 angle angle NN 39033 190 15 iron iron NN 39033 190 16 , , , 39033 190 17 excepting except VBG 39033 190 18 at at IN 39033 190 19 the the DT 39033 190 20 bottom bottom NN 39033 190 21 where where WRB 39033 190 22 the the DT 39033 190 23 horizontal horizontal JJ 39033 190 24 angle angle NN 39033 190 25 iron iron NN 39033 190 26 comes come VBZ 39033 190 27 in in RP 39033 190 28 . . . 39033 191 1 At at IN 39033 191 2 this this DT 39033 191 3 point point NN 39033 191 4 the the DT 39033 191 5 vertical vertical JJ 39033 191 6 plates plate NNS 39033 191 7 meet meet VBP 39033 191 8 one one CD 39033 191 9 another another DT 39033 191 10 , , , 39033 191 11 and and CC 39033 191 12 the the DT 39033 191 13 edge edge NN 39033 191 14 formed form VBN 39033 191 15 is be VBZ 39033 191 16 rounded round VBN 39033 191 17 over over RP 39033 191 18 to to TO 39033 191 19 fit fit VB 39033 191 20 the the DT 39033 191 21 interior interior NN 39033 191 22 of of IN 39033 191 23 the the DT 39033 191 24 bend bend NN 39033 191 25 of of IN 39033 191 26 the the DT 39033 191 27 horizontal horizontal JJ 39033 191 28 angle angle NN 39033 191 29 iron iron NN 39033 191 30 so so IN 39033 191 31 as as IN 39033 191 32 to to TO 39033 191 33 make make VB 39033 191 34 the the DT 39033 191 35 joint joint JJ 39033 191 36 tight tight NN 39033 191 37 . . . 39033 192 1 Draw draw VB 39033 192 2 half half NN 39033 192 3 size size NN 39033 192 4 . . . 39033 193 1 The the DT 39033 193 2 dimensions dimension NNS 39033 193 3 are be VBP 39033 193 4 as as IN 39033 193 5 follows follow VBZ 39033 193 6 : : : 39033 193 7 angle angle NN 39033 193 8 irons iron NNS 39033 193 9 2 2 CD 39033 193 10 - - HYPH 39033 193 11 1/2 1/2 CD 39033 193 12 inches inch NNS 39033 193 13 × × CD 39033 193 14 2 2 CD 39033 193 15 - - SYM 39033 193 16 1/2 1/2 CD 39033 193 17 inches inch NNS 39033 193 18 × × NN 39033 193 19 3/8 3/8 CD 39033 193 20 inch inch NN 39033 193 21 ; ; : 39033 193 22 plates plate NNS 39033 193 23 3/8 3/8 CD 39033 193 24 inch inch NN 39033 193 25 thick thick JJ 39033 193 26 ; ; : 39033 193 27 rivets rivet NNS 39033 193 28 11/16 11/16 CD 39033 193 29 inch inch NN 39033 193 30 diameter diameter NN 39033 193 31 and and CC 39033 193 32 2 2 CD 39033 193 33 inches inch NNS 39033 193 34 pitch pitch NNP 39033 193 35 . . . 39033 194 1 EXERCISE EXERCISE NNP 39033 194 2 10 10 CD 39033 194 3 : : : 39033 194 4 _ _ NNP 39033 194 5 Gusset Gusset NNP 39033 194 6 Stay._--In Stay._--In NNP 39033 194 7 order order NN 39033 194 8 that that IN 39033 194 9 the the DT 39033 194 10 flat flat JJ 39033 194 11 ends end NNS 39033 194 12 of of IN 39033 194 13 a a DT 39033 194 14 steam steam NN 39033 194 15 boiler boiler NN 39033 194 16 may may MD 39033 194 17 not not RB 39033 194 18 be be VB 39033 194 19 bulged bulge VBN 39033 194 20 out out RP 39033 194 21 by by IN 39033 194 22 the the DT 39033 194 23 pressure pressure NN 39033 194 24 of of IN 39033 194 25 the the DT 39033 194 26 steam steam NN 39033 194 27 they -PRON- PRP 39033 194 28 are be VBP 39033 194 29 strengthened strengthen VBN 39033 194 30 by by IN 39033 194 31 means mean NNS 39033 194 32 of of IN 39033 194 33 stays stay NNS 39033 194 34 . . . 39033 195 1 One one CD 39033 195 2 form form NN 39033 195 3 of of IN 39033 195 4 boiler boiler NN 39033 195 5 stay stay NN 39033 195 6 , , , 39033 195 7 called call VBD 39033 195 8 a a DT 39033 195 9 ' ' `` 39033 195 10 gusset gusset NN 39033 195 11 stay stay NN 39033 195 12 , , , 39033 195 13 ' ' '' 39033 195 14 is be VBZ 39033 195 15 shown show VBN 39033 195 16 in in IN 39033 195 17 fig fig NN 39033 195 18 . . . 39033 196 1 8 8 LS 39033 196 2 . . . 39033 197 1 This this DT 39033 197 2 stay stay NN 39033 197 3 consists consist VBZ 39033 197 4 of of IN 39033 197 5 a a DT 39033 197 6 strip strip NN 39033 197 7 of of IN 39033 197 8 wrought wrought NN 39033 197 9 - - HYPH 39033 197 10 iron iron NN 39033 197 11 plate plate NN 39033 197 12 which which WDT 39033 197 13 passes pass VBZ 39033 197 14 in in IN 39033 197 15 a a DT 39033 197 16 diagonal diagonal JJ 39033 197 17 direction direction NN 39033 197 18 from from IN 39033 197 19 the the DT 39033 197 20 flat flat JJ 39033 197 21 end end NN 39033 197 22 of of IN 39033 197 23 the the DT 39033 197 24 boiler boiler NN 39033 197 25 to to IN 39033 197 26 the the DT 39033 197 27 cylindrical cylindrical JJ 39033 197 28 shell shell NN 39033 197 29 . . . 39033 198 1 One one CD 39033 198 2 end end NN 39033 198 3 of of IN 39033 198 4 this this DT 39033 198 5 plate plate NN 39033 198 6 is be VBZ 39033 198 7 placed place VBN 39033 198 8 between between IN 39033 198 9 and and CC 39033 198 10 riveted rivet VBD 39033 198 11 to to IN 39033 198 12 two two CD 39033 198 13 angle angle NN 39033 198 14 irons iron NNS 39033 198 15 which which WDT 39033 198 16 are be VBP 39033 198 17 riveted rivet VBN 39033 198 18 to to IN 39033 198 19 the the DT 39033 198 20 shell shell NN 39033 198 21 of of IN 39033 198 22 the the DT 39033 198 23 boiler boiler NN 39033 198 24 . . . 39033 199 1 A a DT 39033 199 2 similar similar JJ 39033 199 3 arrangement arrangement NN 39033 199 4 connects connect VBZ 39033 199 5 the the DT 39033 199 6 other other JJ 39033 199 7 end end NN 39033 199 8 of of IN 39033 199 9 the the DT 39033 199 10 stay stay JJ 39033 199 11 plate plate NN 39033 199 12 to to IN 39033 199 13 the the DT 39033 199 14 flat flat JJ 39033 199 15 end end NN 39033 199 16 of of IN 39033 199 17 the the DT 39033 199 18 boiler boiler NN 39033 199 19 . . . 39033 200 1 In in IN 39033 200 2 this this DT 39033 200 3 example example NN 39033 200 4 the the DT 39033 200 5 stay stay NN 39033 200 6 or or CC 39033 200 7 gusset gusset JJ 39033 200 8 plate plate NN 39033 200 9 is be VBZ 39033 200 10 3/4 3/4 CD 39033 200 11 of of IN 39033 200 12 an an DT 39033 200 13 inch inch NN 39033 200 14 thick thick JJ 39033 200 15 ; ; : 39033 200 16 the the DT 39033 200 17 angle angle NN 39033 200 18 irons iron NNS 39033 200 19 are be VBP 39033 200 20 4 4 CD 39033 200 21 inches inch NNS 39033 200 22 broad broad JJ 39033 200 23 and and CC 39033 200 24 1/2 1/2 CD 39033 200 25 inch inch NN 39033 200 26 thick thick JJ 39033 200 27 . . . 39033 201 1 The the DT 39033 201 2 rivets rivet NNS 39033 201 3 are be VBP 39033 201 4 1 1 CD 39033 201 5 inch inch NN 39033 201 6 in in IN 39033 201 7 diameter diameter NN 39033 201 8 . . . 39033 202 1 The the DT 39033 202 2 same same JJ 39033 202 3 figure figure NN 39033 202 4 also also RB 39033 202 5 illustrates illustrate VBZ 39033 202 6 the the DT 39033 202 7 most most RBS 39033 202 8 common common JJ 39033 202 9 method method NN 39033 202 10 of of IN 39033 202 11 connecting connect VBG 39033 202 12 the the DT 39033 202 13 ends end NNS 39033 202 14 of of IN 39033 202 15 a a DT 39033 202 16 boiler boiler NN 39033 202 17 to to IN 39033 202 18 the the DT 39033 202 19 shell shell NN 39033 202 20 . . . 39033 203 1 The the DT 39033 203 2 end end NN 39033 203 3 plates plate NNS 39033 203 4 are be VBP 39033 203 5 _ _ NNP 39033 203 6 flanged flange VBD 39033 203 7 _ _ NNP 39033 203 8 or or CC 39033 203 9 bent bend VBD 39033 203 10 over over RP 39033 203 11 at at IN 39033 203 12 right right JJ 39033 203 13 angles angle NNS 39033 203 14 and and CC 39033 203 15 riveted rivet VBD 39033 203 16 to to IN 39033 203 17 the the DT 39033 203 18 shell shell NN 39033 203 19 as as IN 39033 203 20 shown show VBN 39033 203 21 . . . 39033 204 1 The the DT 39033 204 2 radius radius NN 39033 204 3 of of IN 39033 204 4 the the DT 39033 204 5 inside inside JJ 39033 204 6 curve curve NN 39033 204 7 at at IN 39033 204 8 the the DT 39033 204 9 angle angle NN 39033 204 10 of of IN 39033 204 11 the the DT 39033 204 12 flange flange NN 39033 204 13 is be VBZ 39033 204 14 1 1 CD 39033 204 15 - - SYM 39033 204 16 1/4 1/4 CD 39033 204 17 inches inch NNS 39033 204 18 . . . 39033 205 1 Draw draw VB 39033 205 2 this this DT 39033 205 3 example example NN 39033 205 4 to to IN 39033 205 5 a a DT 39033 205 6 scale scale NN 39033 205 7 of of IN 39033 205 8 3 3 CD 39033 205 9 inches inch NNS 39033 205 10 to to IN 39033 205 11 1 1 CD 39033 205 12 foot foot NN 39033 205 13 . . . 39033 206 1 [ [ -LRB- 39033 206 2 Illustration illustration NN 39033 206 3 : : : 39033 206 4 FIG FIG NNP 39033 206 5 . . . 39033 207 1 6 6 LS 39033 207 2 . . . 39033 207 3 ] ] -RRB- 39033 208 1 [ [ -LRB- 39033 208 2 Illustration illustration NN 39033 208 3 : : : 39033 208 4 FIG FIG NNP 39033 208 5 . . . 39033 209 1 7 7 LS 39033 209 2 . . . 39033 209 3 ] ] -RRB- 39033 210 1 [ [ -LRB- 39033 210 2 Illustration illustration NN 39033 210 3 : : : 39033 210 4 FIG FIG NNP 39033 210 5 . . . 39033 211 1 8 8 LS 39033 211 2 . . . 39033 211 3 ] ] -RRB- 39033 212 1 III iii CD 39033 212 2 . . . 39033 213 1 SCREWS SCREWS NNP 39033 213 2 , , , 39033 213 3 BOLTS BOLTS NNP 39033 213 4 , , , 39033 213 5 AND and CC 39033 213 6 NUTS NUTS NNP 39033 213 7 . . . 39033 214 1 _ _ NNP 39033 214 2 Screw Screw NNP 39033 214 3 Threads._--The Threads._--The NNP 39033 214 4 various various JJ 39033 214 5 forms form NNS 39033 214 6 of of IN 39033 214 7 screw screw NN 39033 214 8 threads thread NNS 39033 214 9 used use VBN 39033 214 10 in in IN 39033 214 11 machine machine NN 39033 214 12 construction construction NN 39033 214 13 are be VBP 39033 214 14 shown show VBN 39033 214 15 in in IN 39033 214 16 fig fig NN 39033 214 17 . . . 39033 215 1 9 9 CD 39033 215 2 . . . 39033 216 1 The the DT 39033 216 2 _ _ NNP 39033 216 3 Whitworth Whitworth NNP 39033 216 4 _ _ NNP 39033 216 5 = = SYM 39033 216 6 V= v= JJ 39033 216 7 thread thread NN 39033 216 8 is be VBZ 39033 216 9 shown show VBN 39033 216 10 at at IN 39033 216 11 ( ( -LRB- 39033 216 12 _ _ NNP 39033 216 13 a a DT 39033 216 14 _ _ NNP 39033 216 15 ) ) -RRB- 39033 216 16 . . . 39033 217 1 This this DT 39033 217 2 is be VBZ 39033 217 3 the the DT 39033 217 4 standard standard JJ 39033 217 5 form form NN 39033 217 6 of of IN 39033 217 7 triangular triangular JJ 39033 217 8 thread thread NN 39033 217 9 used use VBN 39033 217 10 in in IN 39033 217 11 this this DT 39033 217 12 country country NN 39033 217 13 . . . 39033 218 1 The the DT 39033 218 2 angle angle NN 39033 218 3 between between IN 39033 218 4 the the DT 39033 218 5 sides side NNS 39033 218 6 of of IN 39033 218 7 the the DT 39033 218 8 = = SYM 39033 218 9 V= V= NNP 39033 218 10 is be VBZ 39033 218 11 55 55 CD 39033 218 12 ° ° NNS 39033 218 13 , , , 39033 218 14 and and CC 39033 218 15 one one CD 39033 218 16 - - HYPH 39033 218 17 sixth sixth NN 39033 218 18 of of IN 39033 218 19 the the DT 39033 218 20 total total JJ 39033 218 21 depth depth NN 39033 218 22 is be VBZ 39033 218 23 rounded round VBN 39033 218 24 off off RP 39033 218 25 both both CC 39033 218 26 at at IN 39033 218 27 the the DT 39033 218 28 top top JJ 39033 218 29 and and CC 39033 218 30 bottom bottom NN 39033 218 31 . . . 39033 219 1 At at IN 39033 219 2 ( ( -LRB- 39033 219 3 _ _ NNP 39033 219 4 b b NNP 39033 219 5 _ _ NNP 39033 219 6 ) ) -RRB- 39033 219 7 is be VBZ 39033 219 8 shown show VBN 39033 219 9 the the DT 39033 219 10 _ _ NNP 39033 219 11 Sellers Sellers NNPS 39033 219 12 _ _ NNP 39033 219 13 = = SYM 39033 219 14 V= v= JJ 39033 219 15 thread thread NN 39033 219 16 , , , 39033 219 17 which which WDT 39033 219 18 is be VBZ 39033 219 19 the the DT 39033 219 20 standard standard JJ 39033 219 21 triangular triangular NNP 39033 219 22 thread thread NN 39033 219 23 used use VBN 39033 219 24 by by IN 39033 219 25 engineers engineer NNS 39033 219 26 in in IN 39033 219 27 America America NNP 39033 219 28 . . . 39033 220 1 In in IN 39033 220 2 this this DT 39033 220 3 form form NN 39033 220 4 of of IN 39033 220 5 thread thread NN 39033 220 6 the the DT 39033 220 7 angle angle NN 39033 220 8 between between IN 39033 220 9 the the DT 39033 220 10 sides side NNS 39033 220 11 of of IN 39033 220 12 the the DT 39033 220 13 = = SYM 39033 220 14 V= V= NNP 39033 220 15 is be VBZ 39033 220 16 60 60 CD 39033 220 17 ° ° NNS 39033 220 18 , , , 39033 220 19 and and CC 39033 220 20 one one CD 39033 220 21 - - HYPH 39033 220 22 eighth eighth JJ 39033 220 23 of of IN 39033 220 24 the the DT 39033 220 25 total total JJ 39033 220 26 depth depth NN 39033 220 27 is be VBZ 39033 220 28 cut cut VBN 39033 220 29 square square JJ 39033 220 30 off off RP 39033 220 31 at at IN 39033 220 32 the the DT 39033 220 33 top top JJ 39033 220 34 and and CC 39033 220 35 bottom bottom NN 39033 220 36 . . . 39033 221 1 The the DT 39033 221 2 _ _ NNP 39033 221 3 Square Square NNP 39033 221 4 _ _ NNP 39033 221 5 thread thread NN 39033 221 6 is be VBZ 39033 221 7 shown show VBN 39033 221 8 at at IN 39033 221 9 ( ( -LRB- 39033 221 10 _ _ NNP 39033 221 11 c c NNP 39033 221 12 _ _ NNP 39033 221 13 ) ) -RRB- 39033 221 14 . . . 39033 222 1 This this DT 39033 222 2 form form NN 39033 222 3 is be VBZ 39033 222 4 principally principally RB 39033 222 5 used use VBN 39033 222 6 for for IN 39033 222 7 transmitting transmit VBG 39033 222 8 motion motion NN 39033 222 9 . . . 39033 223 1 [ [ -LRB- 39033 223 2 Illustration illustration NN 39033 223 3 : : : 39033 223 4 FIG FIG NNP 39033 223 5 . . . 39033 224 1 9 9 CD 39033 224 2 . . . 39033 224 3 ] ] -RRB- 39033 225 1 Comparing compare VBG 39033 225 2 the the DT 39033 225 3 triangular triangular JJ 39033 225 4 and and CC 39033 225 5 square square JJ 39033 225 6 threads thread NNS 39033 225 7 , , , 39033 225 8 the the DT 39033 225 9 former former JJ 39033 225 10 is be VBZ 39033 225 11 the the DT 39033 225 12 stronger strong JJR 39033 225 13 of of IN 39033 225 14 the the DT 39033 225 15 two two CD 39033 225 16 ; ; : 39033 225 17 but but CC 39033 225 18 owing owe VBG 39033 225 19 to to IN 39033 225 20 the the DT 39033 225 21 normal normal JJ 39033 225 22 pressure pressure NN 39033 225 23 on on IN 39033 225 24 the the DT 39033 225 25 = = SYM 39033 225 26 V= v= JJ 39033 225 27 thread thread NN 39033 225 28 being be VBG 39033 225 29 inclined incline VBN 39033 225 30 to to IN 39033 225 31 the the DT 39033 225 32 axis axi NNS 39033 225 33 of of IN 39033 225 34 the the DT 39033 225 35 screw screw NN 39033 225 36 , , , 39033 225 37 that that DT 39033 225 38 pressure pressure NN 39033 225 39 must must MD 39033 225 40 be be VB 39033 225 41 greater great JJR 39033 225 42 than than IN 39033 225 43 the the DT 39033 225 44 pressure pressure NN 39033 225 45 which which WDT 39033 225 46 is be VBZ 39033 225 47 being be VBG 39033 225 48 transmitted transmit VBN 39033 225 49 by by IN 39033 225 50 the the DT 39033 225 51 screw screw NN 39033 225 52 ; ; , 39033 225 53 and and CC 39033 225 54 therefore therefore RB 39033 225 55 , , , 39033 225 56 seeing see VBG 39033 225 57 that that IN 39033 225 58 the the DT 39033 225 59 normal normal JJ 39033 225 60 pressure pressure NN 39033 225 61 on on IN 39033 225 62 the the DT 39033 225 63 square square JJ 39033 225 64 thread thread NN 39033 225 65 is be VBZ 39033 225 66 parallel parallel JJ 39033 225 67 , , , 39033 225 68 and and CC 39033 225 69 therefore therefore RB 39033 225 70 equal equal JJ 39033 225 71 to to IN 39033 225 72 the the DT 39033 225 73 pressure pressure NN 39033 225 74 transmitted transmit VBN 39033 225 75 in in IN 39033 225 76 the the DT 39033 225 77 direction direction NN 39033 225 78 of of IN 39033 225 79 the the DT 39033 225 80 axis axi NNS 39033 225 81 of of IN 39033 225 82 the the DT 39033 225 83 screw screw NN 39033 225 84 , , , 39033 225 85 the the DT 39033 225 86 friction friction NN 39033 225 87 of of IN 39033 225 88 the the DT 39033 225 89 = = SYM 39033 225 90 V= v= JJ 39033 225 91 thread thread NN 39033 225 92 must must MD 39033 225 93 be be VB 39033 225 94 greater great JJR 39033 225 95 than than IN 39033 225 96 the the DT 39033 225 97 friction friction NN 39033 225 98 of of IN 39033 225 99 the the DT 39033 225 100 square square JJ 39033 225 101 thread thread NN 39033 225 102 . . . 39033 226 1 In in IN 39033 226 2 the the DT 39033 226 3 case case NN 39033 226 4 of of IN 39033 226 5 the the DT 39033 226 6 triangular triangular JJ 39033 226 7 thread thread NN 39033 226 8 there there EX 39033 226 9 is be VBZ 39033 226 10 also also RB 39033 226 11 a a DT 39033 226 12 tendency tendency NN 39033 226 13 of of IN 39033 226 14 the the DT 39033 226 15 pressure pressure NN 39033 226 16 to to TO 39033 226 17 burst burst VB 39033 226 18 the the DT 39033 226 19 nut nut NN 39033 226 20 . . . 39033 227 1 The the DT 39033 227 2 _ _ NNP 39033 227 3 Buttress Buttress NNP 39033 227 4 _ _ NNP 39033 227 5 thread thread NN 39033 227 6 shown show VBN 39033 227 7 at at IN 39033 227 8 ( ( -LRB- 39033 227 9 _ _ NNP 39033 227 10 e e NNP 39033 227 11 _ _ NNP 39033 227 12 ) ) -RRB- 39033 227 13 is be VBZ 39033 227 14 designed design VBN 39033 227 15 to to TO 39033 227 16 combine combine VB 39033 227 17 the the DT 39033 227 18 advantages advantage NNS 39033 227 19 of of IN 39033 227 20 the the DT 39033 227 21 = = SYM 39033 227 22 V= v= JJ 39033 227 23 and and CC 39033 227 24 square square JJ 39033 227 25 threads thread NNS 39033 227 26 , , , 39033 227 27 but but CC 39033 227 28 it -PRON- PRP 39033 227 29 only only RB 39033 227 30 has have VBZ 39033 227 31 these these DT 39033 227 32 advantages advantage NNS 39033 227 33 when when WRB 39033 227 34 the the DT 39033 227 35 pressure pressure NN 39033 227 36 is be VBZ 39033 227 37 transmitted transmit VBN 39033 227 38 in in IN 39033 227 39 one one CD 39033 227 40 direction direction NN 39033 227 41 ; ; : 39033 227 42 if if IN 39033 227 43 the the DT 39033 227 44 direction direction NN 39033 227 45 of of IN 39033 227 46 the the DT 39033 227 47 pressure pressure NN 39033 227 48 be be VB 39033 227 49 reversed reverse VBN 39033 227 50 , , , 39033 227 51 the the DT 39033 227 52 friction friction NN 39033 227 53 and and CC 39033 227 54 bursting burst VBG 39033 227 55 action action NN 39033 227 56 on on IN 39033 227 57 the the DT 39033 227 58 nut nut NN 39033 227 59 are be VBP 39033 227 60 even even RB 39033 227 61 greater great JJR 39033 227 62 than than IN 39033 227 63 with with IN 39033 227 64 the the DT 39033 227 65 = = SYM 39033 227 66 V= v= JJ 39033 227 67 thread thread NN 39033 227 68 , , , 39033 227 69 because because IN 39033 227 70 of of IN 39033 227 71 the the DT 39033 227 72 greater great JJR 39033 227 73 inclination inclination NN 39033 227 74 of of IN 39033 227 75 the the DT 39033 227 76 slant slant JJ 39033 227 77 side side NN 39033 227 78 of of IN 39033 227 79 the the DT 39033 227 80 buttress buttress JJ 39033 227 81 thread thread NN 39033 227 82 . . . 39033 228 1 The the DT 39033 228 2 angles angle NNS 39033 228 3 of of IN 39033 228 4 the the DT 39033 228 5 square square JJ 39033 228 6 thread thread NN 39033 228 7 are be VBP 39033 228 8 frequently frequently RB 39033 228 9 rounded round VBN 39033 228 10 to to IN 39033 228 11 a a DT 39033 228 12 greater great JJR 39033 228 13 or or CC 39033 228 14 less less JJR 39033 228 15 extent extent NN 39033 228 16 to to TO 39033 228 17 render render VB 39033 228 18 them -PRON- PRP 39033 228 19 less less RBR 39033 228 20 easily easily RB 39033 228 21 damaged damage VBN 39033 228 22 . . . 39033 229 1 If if IN 39033 229 2 this this DT 39033 229 3 rounding rounding NN 39033 229 4 is be VBZ 39033 229 5 carried carry VBN 39033 229 6 to to IN 39033 229 7 excess excess NN 39033 229 8 we -PRON- PRP 39033 229 9 get get VBP 39033 229 10 the the DT 39033 229 11 _ _ NNP 39033 229 12 Knuckle Knuckle NNP 39033 229 13 _ _ NNP 39033 229 14 thread thread NN 39033 229 15 shown show VBN 39033 229 16 at at IN 39033 229 17 ( ( -LRB- 39033 229 18 _ _ NNP 39033 229 19 d d NNP 39033 229 20 _ _ NNP 39033 229 21 ) ) -RRB- 39033 229 22 . . . 39033 230 1 The the DT 39033 230 2 rounding rounding NN 39033 230 3 of of IN 39033 230 4 the the DT 39033 230 5 angles angle NNS 39033 230 6 increases increase VBZ 39033 230 7 both both CC 39033 230 8 the the DT 39033 230 9 strength strength NN 39033 230 10 and and CC 39033 230 11 the the DT 39033 230 12 friction friction NN 39033 230 13 . . . 39033 231 1 EXERCISE EXERCISE NNP 39033 231 2 11 11 CD 39033 231 3 : : : 39033 231 4 _ _ NNP 39033 231 5 Forms Forms NNPS 39033 231 6 of of IN 39033 231 7 Screw Screw NNP 39033 231 8 Threads._--Draw threads._--draw CD 39033 231 9 to to IN 39033 231 10 a a DT 39033 231 11 scale scale NN 39033 231 12 of of IN 39033 231 13 three three CD 39033 231 14 times time NNS 39033 231 15 full full JJ 39033 231 16 size size NN 39033 231 17 the the DT 39033 231 18 sections section NNS 39033 231 19 of of IN 39033 231 20 screw screw NN 39033 231 21 threads thread NNS 39033 231 22 as as IN 39033 231 23 shown show VBN 39033 231 24 in in IN 39033 231 25 fig fig NN 39033 231 26 . . . 39033 232 1 9 9 CD 39033 232 2 . . . 39033 233 1 The the DT 39033 233 2 pitch pitch NN 39033 233 3 for for IN 39033 233 4 the the DT 39033 233 5 Whitworth Whitworth NNP 39033 233 6 , , , 39033 233 7 Sellers Sellers NNP 39033 233 8 , , , 39033 233 9 and and CC 39033 233 10 buttress buttress NN 39033 233 11 threads thread NNS 39033 233 12 to to TO 39033 233 13 be be VB 39033 233 14 3/8 3/8 CD 39033 233 15 inch inch NN 39033 233 16 , , , 39033 233 17 and and CC 39033 233 18 the the DT 39033 233 19 pitch pitch NN 39033 233 20 of of IN 39033 233 21 the the DT 39033 233 22 square square JJ 39033 233 23 and and CC 39033 233 24 knuckle knuckle NN 39033 233 25 threads thread NNS 39033 233 26 to to TO 39033 233 27 be be VB 39033 233 28 1/2 1/2 CD 39033 233 29 inch inch NN 39033 233 30 . . . 39033 234 1 _ _ NNP 39033 234 2 Dimensions Dimensions NNPS 39033 234 3 of of IN 39033 234 4 Whitworth Whitworth NNP 39033 234 5 Screws Screws NNPS 39033 234 6 . . . 39033 234 7 _ _ NNP 39033 234 8 + + SYM 39033 234 9 -----------------------------------+ -----------------------------------+ NNP 39033 234 10 | | NNP 39033 234 11 Diameter Diameter NNP 39033 234 12 | | NNP 39033 234 13 Number Number NNP 39033 234 14 | | NNP 39033 234 15 Diameter Diameter NNP 39033 234 16 | | NNP 39033 234 17 | | NNP 39033 234 18 of of IN 39033 234 19 screw screw NN 39033 234 20 | | NNP 39033 234 21 of of IN 39033 234 22 threads thread NNS 39033 234 23 | | CD 39033 234 24 at at IN 39033 234 25 bottom bottom JJ 39033 234 26 | | NNP 39033 234 27 | | CD 39033 234 28 | | CD 39033 234 29 per per IN 39033 234 30 inch inch NN 39033 234 31 | | NNS 39033 234 32 of of IN 39033 234 33 thread thread NN 39033 234 34 | | CD 39033 234 35 + + CC 39033 234 36 ----------+------------+-----------+ ----------+------------+-----------+ HYPH 39033 234 37 | | NNP 39033 234 38 1/8 1/8 CD 39033 234 39 | | CD 39033 234 40 40 40 CD 39033 234 41 | | CD 39033 234 42 .093 .093 CD 39033 234 43 | | CD 39033 234 44 | | CD 39033 234 45 3/16 3/16 CD 39033 234 46 | | CD 39033 234 47 24 24 CD 39033 234 48 | | CD 39033 234 49 .134 .134 CD 39033 234 50 | | CD 39033 234 51 | | CD 39033 234 52 1/4 1/4 CD 39033 234 53 | | CD 39033 234 54 20 20 CD 39033 234 55 | | CD 39033 234 56 .186 .186 CD 39033 234 57 | | CD 39033 234 58 | | CD 39033 234 59 5/16 5/16 CD 39033 234 60 | | CD 39033 234 61 18 18 CD 39033 234 62 | | CD 39033 234 63 .241 .241 CD 39033 234 64 | | CD 39033 234 65 | | CD 39033 234 66 3/8 3/8 CD 39033 234 67 | | CD 39033 234 68 16 16 CD 39033 234 69 | | CD 39033 234 70 .295 .295 CD 39033 234 71 | | CD 39033 234 72 | | CD 39033 234 73 7/16 7/16 CD 39033 234 74 | | CD 39033 234 75 14 14 CD 39033 234 76 | | CD 39033 234 77 .346 .346 CD 39033 234 78 | | CD 39033 234 79 | | CD 39033 234 80 1/2 1/2 CD 39033 234 81 | | CD 39033 234 82 12 12 CD 39033 234 83 | | CD 39033 234 84 .393 .393 CD 39033 234 85 | | CD 39033 234 86 | | CD 39033 234 87 5/8 5/8 CD 39033 234 88 | | CD 39033 234 89 11 11 CD 39033 234 90 | | CD 39033 234 91 .508 .508 CD 39033 234 92 | | CD 39033 234 93 | | CD 39033 234 94 3/4 3/4 CD 39033 234 95 | | CD 39033 234 96 10 10 CD 39033 234 97 | | CD 39033 234 98 .622 .622 CD 39033 234 99 | | CD 39033 234 100 | | CD 39033 234 101 7/8 7/8 CD 39033 234 102 | | CD 39033 234 103 9 9 CD 39033 234 104 | | CD 39033 234 105 .733 .733 CD 39033 234 106 | | CD 39033 234 107 | | CD 39033 234 108 1 1 CD 39033 234 109 | | CD 39033 234 110 8 8 CD 39033 234 111 | | CD 39033 234 112 .840 .840 CD 39033 234 113 | | CD 39033 234 114 | | CD 39033 234 115 1 1 CD 39033 234 116 - - HYPH 39033 234 117 1/8 1/8 CD 39033 234 118 | | NNP 39033 234 119 7 7 CD 39033 234 120 | | CD 39033 234 121 .942 .942 CD 39033 234 122 | | CD 39033 234 123 | | CD 39033 234 124 1 1 CD 39033 234 125 - - HYPH 39033 234 126 1/4 1/4 CD 39033 234 127 | | CD 39033 234 128 7 7 CD 39033 234 129 | | CD 39033 234 130 1.067 1.067 CD 39033 234 131 | | CD 39033 234 132 | | CD 39033 234 133 1 1 CD 39033 234 134 - - HYPH 39033 234 135 3/8 3/8 CD 39033 234 136 | | CD 39033 234 137 6 6 CD 39033 234 138 | | CD 39033 234 139 1.162 1.162 CD 39033 234 140 | | CD 39033 234 141 | | CD 39033 234 142 1 1 CD 39033 234 143 - - HYPH 39033 234 144 1/2 1/2 CD 39033 234 145 | | CD 39033 234 146 6 6 CD 39033 234 147 | | CD 39033 234 148 1.286 1.286 CD 39033 234 149 | | CD 39033 234 150 | | CD 39033 234 151 1 1 CD 39033 234 152 - - HYPH 39033 234 153 5/8 5/8 CD 39033 234 154 | | CD 39033 234 155 5 5 CD 39033 234 156 | | CD 39033 234 157 1.369 1.369 CD 39033 234 158 | | CD 39033 234 159 | | CD 39033 234 160 1 1 CD 39033 234 161 - - HYPH 39033 234 162 3/4 3/4 CD 39033 234 163 | | CD 39033 234 164 5 5 CD 39033 234 165 | | CD 39033 234 166 1.494 1.494 CD 39033 234 167 | | CD 39033 234 168 | | CD 39033 234 169 1 1 CD 39033 234 170 - - HYPH 39033 234 171 7/8 7/8 CD 39033 234 172 | | CD 39033 234 173 4 4 CD 39033 234 174 - - HYPH 39033 234 175 1/2 1/2 CD 39033 234 176 | | CD 39033 234 177 1.590 1.590 CD 39033 234 178 | | CD 39033 234 179 | | CD 39033 234 180 2 2 CD 39033 234 181 | | CD 39033 234 182 4 4 CD 39033 234 183 - - HYPH 39033 234 184 1/2 1/2 CD 39033 234 185 | | CD 39033 234 186 1.715 1.715 CD 39033 234 187 | | CD 39033 234 188 | | CD 39033 234 189 2 2 CD 39033 234 190 - - HYPH 39033 234 191 1/4 1/4 CD 39033 234 192 | | CD 39033 234 193 4 4 CD 39033 234 194 | | CD 39033 234 195 1.930 1.930 CD 39033 234 196 | | CD 39033 234 197 | | CD 39033 234 198 2 2 CD 39033 234 199 - - HYPH 39033 234 200 1/2 1/2 CD 39033 234 201 | | CD 39033 234 202 4 4 CD 39033 234 203 | | CD 39033 234 204 2.180 2.180 CD 39033 234 205 | | CD 39033 234 206 | | CD 39033 234 207 2 2 CD 39033 234 208 - - HYPH 39033 234 209 3/4 3/4 CD 39033 234 210 | | CD 39033 234 211 3 3 CD 39033 234 212 - - HYPH 39033 234 213 1/2 1/2 CD 39033 234 214 | | CD 39033 234 215 2.384 2.384 CD 39033 234 216 | | CD 39033 234 217 | | CD 39033 234 218 3 3 CD 39033 234 219 | | CD 39033 234 220 3 3 CD 39033 234 221 - - HYPH 39033 234 222 1/2 1/2 CD 39033 234 223 | | CD 39033 234 224 2.634 2.634 CD 39033 234 225 | | CD 39033 234 226 | | CD 39033 234 227 3 3 CD 39033 234 228 - - HYPH 39033 234 229 1/4 1/4 CD 39033 234 230 | | CD 39033 234 231 3 3 CD 39033 234 232 - - HYPH 39033 234 233 1/4 1/4 CD 39033 234 234 | | CD 39033 234 235 2.856 2.856 CD 39033 234 236 | | CD 39033 234 237 | | CD 39033 234 238 3 3 CD 39033 234 239 - - HYPH 39033 234 240 1/2 1/2 CD 39033 234 241 | | CD 39033 234 242 3 3 CD 39033 234 243 - - HYPH 39033 234 244 1/4 1/4 CD 39033 234 245 | | CD 39033 234 246 3.106 3.106 CD 39033 234 247 | | CD 39033 234 248 | | CD 39033 234 249 3 3 CD 39033 234 250 - - HYPH 39033 234 251 3/4 3/4 CD 39033 234 252 | | CD 39033 234 253 3 3 CD 39033 234 254 | | CD 39033 234 255 3.323 3.323 CD 39033 234 256 | | CD 39033 234 257 | | CD 39033 234 258 4 4 CD 39033 234 259 | | CD 39033 234 260 3 3 CD 39033 234 261 | | CD 39033 234 262 3.573 3.573 CD 39033 234 263 | | CD 39033 234 264 | | CD 39033 234 265 4 4 CD 39033 234 266 - - HYPH 39033 234 267 1/4 1/4 CD 39033 234 268 | | CD 39033 234 269 2 2 CD 39033 234 270 - - HYPH 39033 234 271 7/8 7/8 CD 39033 234 272 | | CD 39033 234 273 3.805 3.805 CD 39033 234 274 | | CD 39033 234 275 | | CD 39033 234 276 4 4 CD 39033 234 277 - - HYPH 39033 234 278 1/2 1/2 CD 39033 234 279 | | CD 39033 234 280 2 2 CD 39033 234 281 - - HYPH 39033 234 282 7/8 7/8 CD 39033 234 283 | | CD 39033 234 284 4.055 4.055 CD 39033 234 285 | | CD 39033 234 286 | | CD 39033 234 287 4 4 CD 39033 234 288 - - HYPH 39033 234 289 3/4 3/4 CD 39033 234 290 | | CD 39033 234 291 2 2 CD 39033 234 292 - - HYPH 39033 234 293 3/4 3/4 CD 39033 234 294 | | CD 39033 234 295 4.284 4.284 CD 39033 234 296 | | CD 39033 234 297 | | CD 39033 234 298 5 5 CD 39033 234 299 | | CD 39033 234 300 2 2 CD 39033 234 301 - - HYPH 39033 234 302 3/4 3/4 CD 39033 234 303 | | CD 39033 234 304 4.534 4.534 CD 39033 234 305 | | CD 39033 234 306 | | CD 39033 234 307 5 5 CD 39033 234 308 - - HYPH 39033 234 309 1/4 1/4 CD 39033 234 310 | | CD 39033 234 311 2 2 CD 39033 234 312 - - HYPH 39033 234 313 5/8 5/8 CD 39033 234 314 | | CD 39033 234 315 4.762 4.762 CD 39033 234 316 | | CD 39033 234 317 | | CD 39033 234 318 5 5 CD 39033 234 319 - - HYPH 39033 234 320 1/2 1/2 CD 39033 234 321 | | CD 39033 234 322 2 2 CD 39033 234 323 - - HYPH 39033 234 324 5/8 5/8 CD 39033 234 325 | | NNP 39033 234 326 5.012 5.012 CD 39033 234 327 | | CD 39033 234 328 | | CD 39033 234 329 5 5 CD 39033 234 330 - - HYPH 39033 234 331 3/4 3/4 CD 39033 234 332 | | CD 39033 234 333 2 2 CD 39033 234 334 - - HYPH 39033 234 335 1/2 1/2 CD 39033 234 336 | | CD 39033 234 337 5.238 5.238 CD 39033 234 338 | | CD 39033 234 339 | | CD 39033 234 340 6 6 CD 39033 234 341 | | CD 39033 234 342 2 2 CD 39033 234 343 - - HYPH 39033 234 344 1/2 1/2 CD 39033 234 345 | | CD 39033 234 346 5.488 5.488 CD 39033 234 347 | | CD 39033 234 348 + + NNS 39033 234 349 -----------------------------------+ -----------------------------------+ . 39033 234 350 _ _ NNP 39033 234 351 Gas Gas NNP 39033 234 352 Threads_[1 Threads_[1 NNP 39033 234 353 ] ] -RRB- 39033 234 354 ( ( -LRB- 39033 234 355 _ _ NNP 39033 234 356 Whitworth Whitworth NNP 39033 234 357 Standard Standard NNP 39033 234 358 _ _ NNP 39033 234 359 ) ) -RRB- 39033 234 360 . . . 39033 235 1 [ [ -LRB- 39033 235 2 1 1 LS 39033 235 3 ] ] -RRB- 39033 235 4 Used use VBN 39033 235 5 for for IN 39033 235 6 wrought wrought NN 39033 235 7 - - HYPH 39033 235 8 iron iron NN 39033 235 9 and and CC 39033 235 10 brass brass NN 39033 235 11 tubes tube NNS 39033 235 12 . . . 39033 236 1 + + NFP 39033 236 2 -------------------------------------------------------------+ -------------------------------------------------------------+ NNP 39033 236 3 | | NNP 39033 236 4 Diameter Diameter NNP 39033 236 5 of of IN 39033 236 6 Screw Screw NNP 39033 236 7 | | NNP 39033 236 8 1/8 1/8 CD 39033 236 9 | | CD 39033 236 10 1/4 1/4 CD 39033 236 11 | | CD 39033 236 12 3/8 3/8 CD 39033 236 13 | | CD 39033 236 14 1/2 1/2 CD 39033 236 15 | | CD 39033 236 16 5/8 5/8 CD 39033 236 17 | | CD 39033 236 18 3/4 3/4 CD 39033 236 19 | | CD 39033 236 20 1 1 CD 39033 236 21 | | CD 39033 236 22 + + SYM 39033 236 23 -------------------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+------ -------------------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+------ NFP 39033 236 24 | | NNP 39033 236 25 Number Number NNP 39033 236 26 of of IN 39033 236 27 threads thread NNS 39033 236 28 | | CD 39033 236 29 | | CD 39033 236 30 | | CD 39033 236 31 | | CD 39033 236 32 | | CD 39033 236 33 | | CD 39033 236 34 | | CD 39033 236 35 | | CD 39033 236 36 | | NNS 39033 236 37 per per IN 39033 236 38 inch inch NN 39033 236 39 | | NNP 39033 236 40 28 28 CD 39033 236 41 | | CD 39033 236 42 19 19 CD 39033 236 43 | | CD 39033 236 44 19 19 CD 39033 236 45 | | CD 39033 236 46 14 14 CD 39033 236 47 | | CD 39033 236 48 14 14 CD 39033 236 49 | | CD 39033 236 50 14 14 CD 39033 236 51 | | CD 39033 236 52 11 11 CD 39033 236 53 | | CD 39033 236 54 + + SYM 39033 236 55 -------------------------------------------------------------+ -------------------------------------------------------------+ NN 39033 236 56 + + CC 39033 236 57 -------------------------------------------------+ -------------------------------------------------+ NN 39033 236 58 | | NNP 39033 236 59 Diameter Diameter NNP 39033 236 60 of of IN 39033 236 61 Screw Screw NNP 39033 236 62 | | NNP 39033 236 63 1 1 CD 39033 236 64 - - HYPH 39033 236 65 1/4 1/4 CD 39033 236 66 | | CD 39033 236 67 1 1 CD 39033 236 68 - - HYPH 39033 236 69 1/2 1/2 CD 39033 236 70 | | CD 39033 236 71 1 1 CD 39033 236 72 - - HYPH 39033 236 73 3/4 3/4 CD 39033 236 74 | | CD 39033 236 75 2 2 CD 39033 236 76 | | CD 39033 236 77 + + CC 39033 236 78 -------------------+-------+-------+-------+-----+ -------------------+-------+-------+-------+-----+ NN 39033 236 79 | | NNP 39033 236 80 Number Number NNP 39033 236 81 of of IN 39033 236 82 threads thread NNS 39033 236 83 | | CD 39033 236 84 | | CD 39033 236 85 | | CD 39033 236 86 | | CD 39033 236 87 | | CD 39033 236 88 | | NNS 39033 236 89 per per IN 39033 236 90 inch inch NN 39033 236 91 | | CD 39033 236 92 11 11 CD 39033 236 93 | | CD 39033 236 94 11 11 CD 39033 236 95 | | CD 39033 236 96 11 11 CD 39033 236 97 | | CD 39033 236 98 11 11 CD 39033 236 99 | | CD 39033 236 100 + + CC 39033 236 101 -------------------------------------------------+ -------------------------------------------------+ NN 39033 236 102 _ _ NNP 39033 236 103 Representation Representation NNP 39033 236 104 of of IN 39033 236 105 Screws._--The screws._--the CD 39033 236 106 correct correct JJ 39033 236 107 method method NN 39033 236 108 of of IN 39033 236 109 representing represent VBG 39033 236 110 screw screw NN 39033 236 111 threads thread NNS 39033 236 112 involves involve VBZ 39033 236 113 considerable considerable JJ 39033 236 114 trouble trouble NN 39033 236 115 , , , 39033 236 116 and and CC 39033 236 117 is be VBZ 39033 236 118 seldom seldom RB 39033 236 119 adopted adopt VBN 39033 236 120 by by IN 39033 236 121 engineers engineer NNS 39033 236 122 for for IN 39033 236 123 working work VBG 39033 236 124 drawings drawing NNS 39033 236 125 . . . 39033 237 1 For for IN 39033 237 2 an an DT 39033 237 3 explanation explanation NN 39033 237 4 of of IN 39033 237 5 the the DT 39033 237 6 method method NN 39033 237 7 see see VBP 39033 237 8 the the DT 39033 237 9 author author NN 39033 237 10 's 's POS 39033 237 11 Text text NN 39033 237 12 - - HYPH 39033 237 13 book book NN 39033 237 14 on on IN 39033 237 15 Practical Practical NNP 39033 237 16 Solid Solid NNP 39033 237 17 Geometry Geometry NNP 39033 237 18 , , , 39033 237 19 Part Part NNP 39033 237 20 II II NNP 39033 237 21 . . NNP 39033 237 22 , , , 39033 237 23 problem problem NN 39033 237 24 134 134 CD 39033 237 25 . . . 39033 238 1 A a DT 39033 238 2 method method NN 39033 238 3 very very RB 39033 238 4 often often RB 39033 238 5 adopted adopt VBN 39033 238 6 on on IN 39033 238 7 working work VBG 39033 238 8 drawings drawing NNS 39033 238 9 is be VBZ 39033 238 10 shown show VBN 39033 238 11 in in IN 39033 238 12 fig fig NN 39033 238 13 . . . 39033 239 1 15 15 CD 39033 239 2 ; ; : 39033 239 3 here here RB 39033 239 4 the the DT 39033 239 5 thin thin JJ 39033 239 6 lines line NNS 39033 239 7 represent represent VBP 39033 239 8 the the DT 39033 239 9 points point NNS 39033 239 10 , , , 39033 239 11 and and CC 39033 239 12 the the DT 39033 239 13 thick thick JJ 39033 239 14 lines line NNS 39033 239 15 the the DT 39033 239 16 roots root NNS 39033 239 17 of of IN 39033 239 18 the the DT 39033 239 19 threads thread NNS 39033 239 20 . . . 39033 240 1 At at IN 39033 240 2 fig fig NN 39033 240 3 . . . 39033 241 1 16 16 CD 39033 241 2 is be VBZ 39033 241 3 shown show VBN 39033 241 4 a a DT 39033 241 5 more more RBR 39033 241 6 complete complete JJ 39033 241 7 method method NN 39033 241 8 . . . 39033 242 1 The the DT 39033 242 2 simplest simple JJS 39033 242 3 method method NN 39033 242 4 is be VBZ 39033 242 5 illustrated illustrate VBN 39033 242 6 by by IN 39033 242 7 figs fig NNS 39033 242 8 . . . 39033 243 1 10 10 CD 39033 243 2 , , , 39033 243 3 11 11 CD 39033 243 4 , , , 39033 243 5 13 13 CD 39033 243 6 , , , 39033 243 7 and and CC 39033 243 8 14 14 CD 39033 243 9 . . . 39033 244 1 Here here RB 39033 244 2 dotted dotted JJ 39033 244 3 lines line NNS 39033 244 4 are be VBP 39033 244 5 drawn draw VBN 39033 244 6 parallel parallel JJ 39033 244 7 to to IN 39033 244 8 the the DT 39033 244 9 axis axi NNS 39033 244 10 of of IN 39033 244 11 the the DT 39033 244 12 screw screw NN 39033 244 13 as as RB 39033 244 14 far far RB 39033 244 15 as as IN 39033 244 16 it -PRON- PRP 39033 244 17 extends extend VBZ 39033 244 18 , , , 39033 244 19 and and CC 39033 244 20 at at IN 39033 244 21 a a DT 39033 244 22 distance distance NN 39033 244 23 from from IN 39033 244 24 one one CD 39033 244 25 another another DT 39033 244 26 equal equal JJ 39033 244 27 to to IN 39033 244 28 the the DT 39033 244 29 diameter diameter NN 39033 244 30 of of IN 39033 244 31 the the DT 39033 244 32 screw screw NN 39033 244 33 at at IN 39033 244 34 the the DT 39033 244 35 bottom bottom NN 39033 244 36 of of IN 39033 244 37 the the DT 39033 244 38 thread thread NN 39033 244 39 . . . 39033 245 1 [ [ -LRB- 39033 245 2 Illustration illustration NN 39033 245 3 : : : 39033 245 4 FIG FIG NNP 39033 245 5 . . . 39033 246 1 10 10 CD 39033 246 2 . . . 39033 246 3 ] ] -RRB- 39033 247 1 [ [ -LRB- 39033 247 2 Illustration illustration NN 39033 247 3 : : : 39033 247 4 FIG FIG NNP 39033 247 5 . . . 39033 248 1 11 11 CD 39033 248 2 . . . 39033 248 3 ] ] -RRB- 39033 249 1 _ _ NNP 39033 249 2 Forms Forms NNPS 39033 249 3 of of IN 39033 249 4 Nuts._--The Nuts._--The NNP 39033 249 5 most most RBS 39033 249 6 common common JJ 39033 249 7 form form NN 39033 249 8 of of IN 39033 249 9 nut nut NNP 39033 249 10 is be VBZ 39033 249 11 the the DT 39033 249 12 hexagonal hexagonal NNP 39033 249 13 shown show VBN 39033 249 14 in in IN 39033 249 15 figs fig NNS 39033 249 16 . . . 39033 250 1 10 10 CD 39033 250 2 , , , 39033 250 3 13 13 CD 39033 250 4 , , , 39033 250 5 14 14 CD 39033 250 6 , , , 39033 250 7 15 15 CD 39033 250 8 , , , 39033 250 9 and and CC 39033 250 10 16 16 CD 39033 250 11 ; ; : 39033 250 12 next next JJ 39033 250 13 to to IN 39033 250 14 this this DT 39033 250 15 comes come VBZ 39033 250 16 the the DT 39033 250 17 square square JJ 39033 250 18 nut nut NN 39033 250 19 shown show VBN 39033 250 20 in in IN 39033 250 21 fig fig NN 39033 250 22 . . . 39033 251 1 11 11 CD 39033 251 2 . . . 39033 252 1 The the DT 39033 252 2 method method NN 39033 252 3 of of IN 39033 252 4 drawing draw VBG 39033 252 5 these these DT 39033 252 6 nuts nut NNS 39033 252 7 will will MD 39033 252 8 be be VB 39033 252 9 understood understand VBN 39033 252 10 by by IN 39033 252 11 reference reference NN 39033 252 12 to to IN 39033 252 13 the the DT 39033 252 14 figures figure NNS 39033 252 15 ; ; : 39033 252 16 the the DT 39033 252 17 small small JJ 39033 252 18 circles circle NNS 39033 252 19 indicate indicate VBP 39033 252 20 the the DT 39033 252 21 centres centre NNS 39033 252 22 , , , 39033 252 23 and and CC 39033 252 24 the the DT 39033 252 25 inclined inclined JJ 39033 252 26 lines line NNS 39033 252 27 passing pass VBG 39033 252 28 through through IN 39033 252 29 them -PRON- PRP 39033 252 30 the the DT 39033 252 31 radii radii NN 39033 252 32 of of IN 39033 252 33 the the DT 39033 252 34 curves curve NNS 39033 252 35 which which WDT 39033 252 36 represent represent VBP 39033 252 37 the the DT 39033 252 38 chamfered chamfer VBN 39033 252 39 or or CC 39033 252 40 bevelled bevelled JJ 39033 252 41 edge edge NN 39033 252 42 of of IN 39033 252 43 the the DT 39033 252 44 nut nut NN 39033 252 45 . . . 39033 253 1 In in IN 39033 253 2 all all PDT 39033 253 3 the the DT 39033 253 4 figures figure NNS 39033 253 5 but but CC 39033 253 6 the the DT 39033 253 7 first first JJ 39033 253 8 the the DT 39033 253 9 chamfer chamfer NN 39033 253 10 is be VBZ 39033 253 11 just just RB 39033 253 12 sufficient sufficient JJ 39033 253 13 to to TO 39033 253 14 touch touch VB 39033 253 15 the the DT 39033 253 16 middle middle JJ 39033 253 17 points point NNS 39033 253 18 of of IN 39033 253 19 the the DT 39033 253 20 sides side NNS 39033 253 21 , , , 39033 253 22 and and CC 39033 253 23 in in IN 39033 253 24 these these DT 39033 253 25 cases case NNS 39033 253 26 the the DT 39033 253 27 drawing drawing NN 39033 253 28 of of IN 39033 253 29 the the DT 39033 253 30 nut nut NN 39033 253 31 is be VBZ 39033 253 32 simpler simple JJR 39033 253 33 . . . 39033 254 1 [ [ -LRB- 39033 254 2 Illustration illustration NN 39033 254 3 : : : 39033 254 4 FIG FIG NNP 39033 254 5 . . . 39033 255 1 12 12 CD 39033 255 2 . . . 39033 255 3 ] ] -RRB- 39033 256 1 [ [ -LRB- 39033 256 2 Illustration illustration NN 39033 256 3 : : : 39033 256 4 FIG FIG NNP 39033 256 5 . . . 39033 257 1 13 13 CD 39033 257 2 . . . 39033 257 3 ] ] -RRB- 39033 258 1 [ [ -LRB- 39033 258 2 Illustration illustration NN 39033 258 3 : : : 39033 258 4 FIG FIG NNP 39033 258 5 . . . 39033 259 1 14 14 CD 39033 259 2 . . . 39033 259 3 ] ] -RRB- 39033 260 1 _ _ NNP 39033 260 2 Forms Forms NNPS 39033 260 3 of of IN 39033 260 4 Bolts._--At bolts._--at NN 39033 260 5 ( ( -LRB- 39033 260 6 _ _ NNP 39033 260 7 a a DT 39033 260 8 _ _ NNP 39033 260 9 ) ) -RRB- 39033 260 10 , , , 39033 260 11 fig fig NN 39033 260 12 . . . 39033 261 1 12 12 CD 39033 261 2 , , , 39033 261 3 is be VBZ 39033 261 4 shown show VBN 39033 261 5 a a DT 39033 261 6 bolt bolt NN 39033 261 7 with with IN 39033 261 8 a a DT 39033 261 9 square square JJ 39033 261 10 head head NN 39033 261 11 and and CC 39033 261 12 a a DT 39033 261 13 square square JJ 39033 261 14 neck neck NN 39033 261 15 . . . 39033 262 1 If if IN 39033 262 2 this this DT 39033 262 3 form form NN 39033 262 4 of of IN 39033 262 5 bolt bolt NN 39033 262 6 is be VBZ 39033 262 7 passed pass VBN 39033 262 8 through through IN 39033 262 9 a a DT 39033 262 10 square square JJ 39033 262 11 hole hole NN 39033 262 12 the the DT 39033 262 13 square square JJ 39033 262 14 neck neck NN 39033 262 15 prevents prevent VBZ 39033 262 16 the the DT 39033 262 17 bolt bolt NN 39033 262 18 from from IN 39033 262 19 turning turn VBG 39033 262 20 when when WRB 39033 262 21 the the DT 39033 262 22 nut nut NNP 39033 262 23 is be VBZ 39033 262 24 being be VBG 39033 262 25 screwed screw VBN 39033 262 26 up up RP 39033 262 27 . . . 39033 263 1 Instead instead RB 39033 263 2 of of IN 39033 263 3 a a DT 39033 263 4 square square JJ 39033 263 5 neck neck NN 39033 263 6 a a DT 39033 263 7 snug snug NN 39033 263 8 may may MD 39033 263 9 be be VB 39033 263 10 used use VBN 39033 263 11 for for IN 39033 263 12 the the DT 39033 263 13 same same JJ 39033 263 14 purpose purpose NN 39033 263 15 , , , 39033 263 16 as as IN 39033 263 17 shown show VBN 39033 263 18 on on IN 39033 263 19 the the DT 39033 263 20 cup cup NN 39033 263 21 - - HYPH 39033 263 22 headed head VBN 39033 263 23 bolt bolt NN 39033 263 24 at at IN 39033 263 25 ( ( -LRB- 39033 263 26 _ _ NNP 39033 263 27 b b NNP 39033 263 28 _ _ NNP 39033 263 29 ) ) -RRB- 39033 263 30 . . . 39033 264 1 The the DT 39033 264 2 snug snug NN 39033 264 3 fits fit VBZ 39033 264 4 into into IN 39033 264 5 a a DT 39033 264 6 short short JJ 39033 264 7 groove groove NN 39033 264 8 cut cut VBN 39033 264 9 in in IN 39033 264 10 the the DT 39033 264 11 side side NN 39033 264 12 of of IN 39033 264 13 the the DT 39033 264 14 hole hole NN 39033 264 15 through through IN 39033 264 16 which which WDT 39033 264 17 the the DT 39033 264 18 bolt bolt NN 39033 264 19 passes pass VBZ 39033 264 20 . . . 39033 265 1 At at IN 39033 265 2 ( ( -LRB- 39033 265 3 _ _ NNP 39033 265 4 a a DT 39033 265 5 _ _ NNP 39033 265 6 ) ) -RRB- 39033 265 7 the the DT 39033 265 8 diagonal diagonal JJ 39033 265 9 lines line NNS 39033 265 10 are be VBP 39033 265 11 used use VBN 39033 265 12 to to TO 39033 265 13 distinguish distinguish VB 39033 265 14 the the DT 39033 265 15 flat flat JJ 39033 265 16 side side NN 39033 265 17 of of IN 39033 265 18 the the DT 39033 265 19 neck neck NN 39033 265 20 from from IN 39033 265 21 the the DT 39033 265 22 round round JJ 39033 265 23 part part NN 39033 265 24 of of IN 39033 265 25 the the DT 39033 265 26 bolt bolt NN 39033 265 27 above above IN 39033 265 28 it -PRON- PRP 39033 265 29 . . . 39033 266 1 At at IN 39033 266 2 ( ( -LRB- 39033 266 3 _ _ NNP 39033 266 4 c c NNP 39033 266 5 _ _ NNP 39033 266 6 ) ) -RRB- 39033 266 7 is be VBZ 39033 266 8 shown show VBN 39033 266 9 a a DT 39033 266 10 tee tee NN 39033 266 11 - - HYPH 39033 266 12 headed head VBN 39033 266 13 bolt bolt NN 39033 266 14 , , , 39033 266 15 and and CC 39033 266 16 at at IN 39033 266 17 ( ( -LRB- 39033 266 18 _ _ NNP 39033 266 19 d d NNP 39033 266 20 _ _ NNP 39033 266 21 ) ) -RRB- 39033 266 22 an an DT 39033 266 23 eye eye NN 39033 266 24 - - HYPH 39033 266 25 bolt bolt NN 39033 266 26 . . . 39033 267 1 Fig fig NN 39033 267 2 . . . 39033 268 1 13 13 CD 39033 268 2 represents represent VBZ 39033 268 3 a a DT 39033 268 4 hook hook NN 39033 268 5 bolt bolt NN 39033 268 6 . . . 39033 269 1 A a DT 39033 269 2 bolt bolt NN 39033 269 3 with with IN 39033 269 4 a a DT 39033 269 5 countersunk countersunk JJ 39033 269 6 head head NN 39033 269 7 is be VBZ 39033 269 8 shown show VBN 39033 269 9 in in IN 39033 269 10 fig fig NN 39033 269 11 . . . 39033 270 1 11 11 CD 39033 270 2 . . . 39033 271 1 If if IN 39033 271 2 the the DT 39033 271 3 countersunk countersunk JJ 39033 271 4 head head NN 39033 271 5 be be VB 39033 271 6 lengthened lengthen VBN 39033 271 7 so so IN 39033 271 8 as as IN 39033 271 9 to to TO 39033 271 10 take take VB 39033 271 11 up up RP 39033 271 12 the the DT 39033 271 13 whole whole NN 39033 271 14 of of IN 39033 271 15 the the DT 39033 271 16 unscrewed unscrewed JJ 39033 271 17 part part NN 39033 271 18 of of IN 39033 271 19 the the DT 39033 271 20 bolt bolt NN 39033 271 21 , , , 39033 271 22 we -PRON- PRP 39033 271 23 get get VBP 39033 271 24 the the DT 39033 271 25 taper taper NN 39033 271 26 bolt bolt NN 39033 271 27 shown show VBN 39033 271 28 in in IN 39033 271 29 fig fig NN 39033 271 30 . . . 39033 272 1 14 14 CD 39033 272 2 , , , 39033 272 3 which which WDT 39033 272 4 is be VBZ 39033 272 5 often often RB 39033 272 6 used use VBN 39033 272 7 in in IN 39033 272 8 the the DT 39033 272 9 couplings coupling NNS 39033 272 10 of of IN 39033 272 11 the the DT 39033 272 12 screw screw NNP 39033 272 13 shafts shaft NNS 39033 272 14 of of IN 39033 272 15 steamships steamship NNS 39033 272 16 . . . 39033 273 1 The the DT 39033 273 2 taper taper NN 39033 273 3 bolt bolt NN 39033 273 4 has have VBZ 39033 273 5 the the DT 39033 273 6 advantage advantage NN 39033 273 7 of of IN 39033 273 8 having have VBG 39033 273 9 no no DT 39033 273 10 projecting project VBG 39033 273 11 head head NN 39033 273 12 , , , 39033 273 13 and and CC 39033 273 14 it -PRON- PRP 39033 273 15 may may MD 39033 273 16 also also RB 39033 273 17 be be VB 39033 273 18 made make VBN 39033 273 19 a a DT 39033 273 20 tight tight JJ 39033 273 21 fit fit NN 39033 273 22 in in IN 39033 273 23 the the DT 39033 273 24 hole hole NN 39033 273 25 with with IN 39033 273 26 less less JJR 39033 273 27 trouble trouble NN 39033 273 28 than than IN 39033 273 29 a a DT 39033 273 30 parallel parallel JJ 39033 273 31 bolt bolt NN 39033 273 32 . . . 39033 274 1 Bolts bolt NNS 39033 274 2 may may MD 39033 274 3 also also RB 39033 274 4 have have VB 39033 274 5 hexagonal hexagonal JJ 39033 274 6 heads head NNS 39033 274 7 . . . 39033 275 1 [ [ -LRB- 39033 275 2 Illustration illustration NN 39033 275 3 : : : 39033 275 4 FIG FIG NNP 39033 275 5 . . . 39033 276 1 15 15 LS 39033 276 2 ] ] -RRB- 39033 276 3 [ [ -LRB- 39033 276 4 Illustration illustration NN 39033 276 5 : : : 39033 276 6 FIG FIG NNP 39033 276 7 . . . 39033 277 1 16 16 LS 39033 277 2 ] ] -RRB- 39033 277 3 _ _ NNP 39033 277 4 Studs Studs NNP 39033 277 5 _ _ NNP 39033 277 6 , , , 39033 277 7 or or CC 39033 277 8 _ _ NNP 39033 277 9 stud stud NN 39033 277 10 bolts bolt NNS 39033 277 11 _ _ NNP 39033 277 12 , , , 39033 277 13 are be VBP 39033 277 14 shown show VBN 39033 277 15 in in IN 39033 277 16 figs fig NNS 39033 277 17 . . . 39033 278 1 15 15 CD 39033 278 2 and and CC 39033 278 3 16 16 CD 39033 278 4 ; ; : 39033 278 5 that that IN 39033 278 6 in in IN 39033 278 7 fig fig NN 39033 278 8 . . . 39033 279 1 15 15 CD 39033 279 2 is be VBZ 39033 279 3 a a DT 39033 279 4 _ _ NNP 39033 279 5 plain plain JJ 39033 279 6 stud stud NN 39033 279 7 _ _ NNP 39033 279 8 , , , 39033 279 9 while while IN 39033 279 10 that that DT 39033 279 11 in in IN 39033 279 12 fig fig NN 39033 279 13 . . . 39033 280 1 16 16 CD 39033 280 2 has have VBZ 39033 280 3 an an DT 39033 280 4 intermediate intermediate JJ 39033 280 5 collar collar NN 39033 280 6 forged forge VBN 39033 280 7 upon upon IN 39033 280 8 it -PRON- PRP 39033 280 9 , , , 39033 280 10 and and CC 39033 280 11 is be VBZ 39033 280 12 therefore therefore RB 39033 280 13 called call VBN 39033 280 14 a a DT 39033 280 15 _ _ NNP 39033 280 16 collared collar VBN 39033 280 17 stud stud NN 39033 280 18 _ _ NNP 39033 280 19 . . . 39033 281 1 _ _ NNP 39033 281 2 Proportions Proportions NNP 39033 281 3 of of IN 39033 281 4 Nuts Nuts NNP 39033 281 5 and and CC 39033 281 6 Bolt Bolt NNP 39033 281 7 - - : 39033 281 8 heads._--In heads._--In NNP 39033 281 9 the the DT 39033 281 10 hexagonal hexagonal JJ 39033 281 11 nut nut NN 39033 281 12 the the DT 39033 281 13 diameter diameter NN 39033 281 14 D d NN 39033 281 15 across across IN 39033 281 16 the the DT 39033 281 17 flats flat NNS 39033 281 18 is be VBZ 39033 281 19 1 1 CD 39033 281 20 - - SYM 39033 281 21 1/2_d 1/2_d CD 39033 281 22 _ _ NN 39033 281 23 + + SYM 39033 281 24 1/8 1/8 CD 39033 281 25 , , , 39033 281 26 where where WRB 39033 281 27 _ _ NNP 39033 281 28 d d NNP 39033 281 29 _ _ NNP 39033 281 30 is be VBZ 39033 281 31 the the DT 39033 281 32 diameter diameter NN 39033 281 33 of of IN 39033 281 34 the the DT 39033 281 35 bolt bolt NN 39033 281 36 . . . 39033 282 1 The the DT 39033 282 2 same same JJ 39033 282 3 rule rule NN 39033 282 4 gives give VBZ 39033 282 5 the the DT 39033 282 6 width width NN 39033 282 7 of of IN 39033 282 8 a a DT 39033 282 9 square square JJ 39033 282 10 nut nut NN 39033 282 11 across across IN 39033 282 12 the the DT 39033 282 13 flats flat NNS 39033 282 14 . . . 39033 283 1 A a DT 39033 283 2 rule rule NN 39033 283 3 very very RB 39033 283 4 commonly commonly RB 39033 283 5 used use VBN 39033 283 6 in in IN 39033 283 7 making make VBG 39033 283 8 drawings drawing NNS 39033 283 9 of of IN 39033 283 10 hexagonal hexagonal JJ 39033 283 11 nuts nut NNS 39033 283 12 is be VBZ 39033 283 13 to to TO 39033 283 14 make make VB 39033 283 15 the the DT 39033 283 16 diameter diameter NN 39033 283 17 D d NN 39033 283 18 , , , 39033 283 19 across across IN 39033 283 20 the the DT 39033 283 21 angles angle NNS 39033 283 22 equal equal JJ 39033 283 23 to to IN 39033 283 24 2_d 2_d CD 39033 283 25 _ _ NNP 39033 283 26 . . . 39033 284 1 H h NN 39033 284 2 , , , 39033 284 3 the the DT 39033 284 4 height height NN 39033 284 5 of of IN 39033 284 6 the the DT 39033 284 7 nut nut NN 39033 284 8 , , , 39033 284 9 is be VBZ 39033 284 10 equal equal JJ 39033 284 11 to to IN 39033 284 12 the the DT 39033 284 13 diameter diameter NN 39033 284 14 of of IN 39033 284 15 the the DT 39033 284 16 bolt bolt NN 39033 284 17 . . . 39033 285 1 In in IN 39033 285 2 square square JJ 39033 285 3 and and CC 39033 285 4 hexagonal hexagonal JJ 39033 285 5 headed head VBD 39033 285 6 bolts bolt NNS 39033 285 7 the the DT 39033 285 8 height height NN 39033 285 9 of of IN 39033 285 10 the the DT 39033 285 11 head head NN 39033 285 12 varies vary VBZ 39033 285 13 from from IN 39033 285 14 _ _ NNP 39033 285 15 d d NNP 39033 285 16 _ _ NNP 39033 285 17 to to IN 39033 285 18 2/3_d 2/3_d CD 39033 285 19 _ _ NNP 39033 285 20 ; ; : 39033 285 21 the the DT 39033 285 22 other other JJ 39033 285 23 dimensions dimension NNS 39033 285 24 are be VBP 39033 285 25 the the DT 39033 285 26 same same JJ 39033 285 27 as as IN 39033 285 28 for for IN 39033 285 29 the the DT 39033 285 30 corresponding correspond VBG 39033 285 31 nuts nut NNS 39033 285 32 . . . 39033 286 1 _ _ NNP 39033 286 2 Washers Washers NNP 39033 286 3 _ _ NNP 39033 286 4 are be VBP 39033 286 5 flat flat JJ 39033 286 6 , , , 39033 286 7 circular circular JJ 39033 286 8 , , , 39033 286 9 wrought wrought NN 39033 286 10 - - HYPH 39033 286 11 iron iron NN 39033 286 12 plates plate NNS 39033 286 13 , , , 39033 286 14 having have VBG 39033 286 15 holes hole NNS 39033 286 16 in in IN 39033 286 17 their -PRON- PRP$ 39033 286 18 centres centre NNS 39033 286 19 of of IN 39033 286 20 the the DT 39033 286 21 same same JJ 39033 286 22 diameter diameter NN 39033 286 23 as as IN 39033 286 24 the the DT 39033 286 25 bolts bolt NNS 39033 286 26 on on IN 39033 286 27 which which WDT 39033 286 28 they -PRON- PRP 39033 286 29 are be VBP 39033 286 30 used use VBN 39033 286 31 . . . 39033 287 1 The the DT 39033 287 2 object object NN 39033 287 3 of of IN 39033 287 4 the the DT 39033 287 5 washer washer NN 39033 287 6 is be VBZ 39033 287 7 to to TO 39033 287 8 give give VB 39033 287 9 a a DT 39033 287 10 smooth smooth JJ 39033 287 11 bearing bearing NN 39033 287 12 surface surface NN 39033 287 13 for for IN 39033 287 14 the the DT 39033 287 15 nut nut NN 39033 287 16 to to TO 39033 287 17 turn turn VB 39033 287 18 upon upon RP 39033 287 19 , , , 39033 287 20 and and CC 39033 287 21 it -PRON- PRP 39033 287 22 is be VBZ 39033 287 23 used use VBN 39033 287 24 when when WRB 39033 287 25 the the DT 39033 287 26 surfaces surface NNS 39033 287 27 of of IN 39033 287 28 the the DT 39033 287 29 pieces piece NNS 39033 287 30 to to TO 39033 287 31 be be VB 39033 287 32 connected connect VBN 39033 287 33 are be VBP 39033 287 34 rough rough JJ 39033 287 35 , , , 39033 287 36 or or CC 39033 287 37 when when WRB 39033 287 38 the the DT 39033 287 39 bolt bolt NN 39033 287 40 passes pass VBZ 39033 287 41 through through IN 39033 287 42 a a DT 39033 287 43 hole hole NN 39033 287 44 larger large JJR 39033 287 45 than than IN 39033 287 46 itself -PRON- PRP 39033 287 47 , , , 39033 287 48 as as IN 39033 287 49 shown show VBN 39033 287 50 in in IN 39033 287 51 fig fig NN 39033 287 52 . . . 39033 288 1 10 10 CD 39033 288 2 . . . 39033 289 1 The the DT 39033 289 2 diameter diameter NN 39033 289 3 of of IN 39033 289 4 the the DT 39033 289 5 washer washer NN 39033 289 6 is be VBZ 39033 289 7 a a DT 39033 289 8 little little JJ 39033 289 9 more more JJR 39033 289 10 than than IN 39033 289 11 the the DT 39033 289 12 diameter diameter NN 39033 289 13 of of IN 39033 289 14 the the DT 39033 289 15 nut nut NN 39033 289 16 across across IN 39033 289 17 the the DT 39033 289 18 angles angle NNS 39033 289 19 , , , 39033 289 20 and and CC 39033 289 21 its -PRON- PRP$ 39033 289 22 thickness thickness NN 39033 289 23 about about RB 39033 289 24 1/8 1/8 CD 39033 289 25 of of IN 39033 289 26 the the DT 39033 289 27 diameter diameter NN 39033 289 28 of of IN 39033 289 29 the the DT 39033 289 30 bolt bolt NN 39033 289 31 . . . 39033 290 1 EXERCISE EXERCISE NNP 39033 290 2 12.--Draw 12.--Draw NNS 39033 290 3 , , , 39033 290 4 full full JJ 39033 290 5 size size NN 39033 290 6 , , , 39033 290 7 the the DT 39033 290 8 views view NNS 39033 290 9 shown show VBN 39033 290 10 in in IN 39033 290 11 fig fig NN 39033 290 12 . . . 39033 291 1 10 10 CD 39033 291 2 of of IN 39033 291 3 an an DT 39033 291 4 hexagonal hexagonal JJ 39033 291 5 nut nut NN 39033 291 6 and and CC 39033 291 7 washer washer NN 39033 291 8 for for IN 39033 291 9 a a DT 39033 291 10 bolt bolt NN 39033 291 11 1 1 CD 39033 291 12 - - HYPH 39033 291 13 1/4 1/4 CD 39033 291 14 inches inch NNS 39033 291 15 in in IN 39033 291 16 diameter diameter NN 39033 291 17 . . . 39033 292 1 The the DT 39033 292 2 bolt bolt NN 39033 292 3 passes pass VBZ 39033 292 4 through through IN 39033 292 5 a a DT 39033 292 6 hole hole NN 39033 292 7 1 1 CD 39033 292 8 - - HYPH 39033 292 9 3/4 3/4 CD 39033 292 10 × × NN 39033 292 11 1 1 CD 39033 292 12 - - SYM 39033 292 13 1/4 1/4 CD 39033 292 14 . . . 39033 293 1 All all PDT 39033 293 2 the the DT 39033 293 3 dimensions dimension NNS 39033 293 4 are be VBP 39033 293 5 to to TO 39033 293 6 be be VB 39033 293 7 calculated calculate VBN 39033 293 8 from from IN 39033 293 9 the the DT 39033 293 10 rules rule NNS 39033 293 11 which which WDT 39033 293 12 have have VBP 39033 293 13 just just RB 39033 293 14 been be VBN 39033 293 15 given give VBN 39033 293 16 . . . 39033 294 1 EXERCISE EXERCISE NNP 39033 294 2 13.--Draw 13.--draw CD 39033 294 3 , , , 39033 294 4 full full JJ 39033 294 5 size size NN 39033 294 6 , , , 39033 294 7 the the DT 39033 294 8 plan plan NN 39033 294 9 and and CC 39033 294 10 elevation elevation NN 39033 294 11 of of IN 39033 294 12 the the DT 39033 294 13 square square JJ 39033 294 14 nut nut NN 39033 294 15 and and CC 39033 294 16 bolt bolt NN 39033 294 17 with with IN 39033 294 18 countersunk countersunk JJ 39033 294 19 head head NN 39033 294 20 shown show VBN 39033 294 21 in in IN 39033 294 22 fig fig NN 39033 294 23 . . . 39033 295 1 11 11 CD 39033 295 2 , , , 39033 295 3 to to IN 39033 295 4 the the DT 39033 295 5 dimensions dimension NNS 39033 295 6 given give VBN 39033 295 7 . . . 39033 296 1 EXERCISE EXERCISE NNP 39033 296 2 14.--Draw 14.--Draw NNS 39033 296 3 , , , 39033 296 4 full full JJ 39033 296 5 size size NN 39033 296 6 , , , 39033 296 7 the the DT 39033 296 8 elevation elevation NN 39033 296 9 of of IN 39033 296 10 the the DT 39033 296 11 hook hook NN 39033 296 12 bolt bolt NN 39033 296 13 with with IN 39033 296 14 hexagonal hexagonal NNP 39033 296 15 nut nut NNP 39033 296 16 shown show VBN 39033 296 17 in in IN 39033 296 18 fig fig NN 39033 296 19 . . . 39033 297 1 13 13 CD 39033 297 2 to to IN 39033 297 3 the the DT 39033 297 4 dimensions dimension NNS 39033 297 5 given give VBN 39033 297 6 , , , 39033 297 7 and and CC 39033 297 8 show show VBP 39033 297 9 also also RB 39033 297 10 a a DT 39033 297 11 plan plan NN 39033 297 12 . . . 39033 298 1 EXERCISE EXERCISE NNP 39033 298 2 15.--Draw 15.--Draw NNS 39033 298 3 , , , 39033 298 4 to to IN 39033 298 5 a a DT 39033 298 6 scale scale NN 39033 298 7 of of IN 39033 298 8 4 4 CD 39033 298 9 inches inch NNS 39033 298 10 to to IN 39033 298 11 a a DT 39033 298 12 foot foot NN 39033 298 13 , , , 39033 298 14 the the DT 39033 298 15 conical conical JJ 39033 298 16 bolt bolt NN 39033 298 17 for for IN 39033 298 18 a a DT 39033 298 19 marine marine JJ 39033 298 20 shaft shaft NN 39033 298 21 coupling coupling NN 39033 298 22 shown show VBN 39033 298 23 in in IN 39033 298 24 fig fig NN 39033 298 25 . . . 39033 299 1 14 14 CD 39033 299 2 . . . 39033 300 1 All all PDT 39033 300 2 the the DT 39033 300 3 parts part NNS 39033 300 4 are be VBP 39033 300 5 of of IN 39033 300 6 wrought wrought NN 39033 300 7 iron iron NN 39033 300 8 . . . 39033 301 1 EXERCISE EXERCISE NNP 39033 301 2 16.--Fig 16.--fig CD 39033 301 3 . . . 39033 302 1 15 15 CD 39033 302 2 is be VBZ 39033 302 3 a a DT 39033 302 4 section section NN 39033 302 5 of of IN 39033 302 6 the the DT 39033 302 7 mouth mouth NN 39033 302 8 of of IN 39033 302 9 a a DT 39033 302 10 small small JJ 39033 302 11 steam steam NN 39033 302 12 - - HYPH 39033 302 13 engine engine NN 39033 302 14 cylinder cylinder NN 39033 302 15 , , , 39033 302 16 showing show VBG 39033 302 17 how how WRB 39033 302 18 the the DT 39033 302 19 cover cover NN 39033 302 20 is be VBZ 39033 302 21 attached attach VBN 39033 302 22 ; ; : 39033 302 23 draw draw VB 39033 302 24 this this DT 39033 302 25 full full JJ 39033 302 26 size size NN 39033 302 27 . . . 39033 303 1 EXERCISE EXERCISE NNP 39033 303 2 17.--Fig 17.--fig CD 39033 303 3 . . . 39033 304 1 16 16 CD 39033 304 2 shows show VBZ 39033 304 3 the the DT 39033 304 4 central central JJ 39033 304 5 portion portion NN 39033 304 6 of of IN 39033 304 7 the the DT 39033 304 8 india india NNP 39033 304 9 - - HYPH 39033 304 10 rubber rubber NN 39033 304 11 disc disc NN 39033 304 12 valve valve NN 39033 304 13 which which WDT 39033 304 14 is be VBZ 39033 304 15 described describe VBN 39033 304 16 on on IN 39033 304 17 page page NN 39033 304 18 68 68 CD 39033 304 19 . . . 39033 305 1 A a DT 39033 305 2 is be VBZ 39033 305 3 the the DT 39033 305 4 central central JJ 39033 305 5 boss boss NN 39033 305 6 of of IN 39033 305 7 the the DT 39033 305 8 grating grating NN 39033 305 9 , , , 39033 305 10 into into IN 39033 305 11 which which WDT 39033 305 12 is be VBZ 39033 305 13 screwed screw VBN 39033 305 14 the the DT 39033 305 15 stud stud NN 39033 305 16 B B NNP 39033 305 17 , , , 39033 305 18 upon upon IN 39033 305 19 which which WDT 39033 305 20 is be VBZ 39033 305 21 forged forge VBN 39033 305 22 the the DT 39033 305 23 collar collar NN 39033 305 24 C. C. NNP 39033 305 25 The the DT 39033 305 26 upper upper JJ 39033 305 27 part part NN 39033 305 28 of of IN 39033 305 29 the the DT 39033 305 30 stud stud NN 39033 305 31 is be VBZ 39033 305 32 screwed screw VBN 39033 305 33 , , , 39033 305 34 and and CC 39033 305 35 carries carry VBZ 39033 305 36 the the DT 39033 305 37 guard guard NN 39033 305 38 D d NN 39033 305 39 and and CC 39033 305 40 an an DT 39033 305 41 hexagonal hexagonal JJ 39033 305 42 nut nut NN 39033 305 43 E. E. NNP 39033 305 44 F F NNP 39033 305 45 is be VBZ 39033 305 46 the the DT 39033 305 47 india india NN 39033 305 48 - - HYPH 39033 305 49 rubber rubber NNP 39033 305 50 . . . 39033 306 1 The the DT 39033 306 2 grating grating NN 39033 306 3 and and CC 39033 306 4 guard guard NN 39033 306 5 are be VBP 39033 306 6 of of IN 39033 306 7 brass brass NN 39033 306 8 . . . 39033 307 1 The the DT 39033 307 2 stud stud NN 39033 307 3 and and CC 39033 307 4 nut nut NN 39033 307 5 are be VBP 39033 307 6 of of IN 39033 307 7 wrought wrought NN 39033 307 8 iron iron NN 39033 307 9 . . . 39033 308 1 Draw draw VB 39033 308 2 full full JJ 39033 308 3 size size NN 39033 308 4 the the DT 39033 308 5 view view NN 39033 308 6 shown show VBN 39033 308 7 . . . 39033 309 1 _ _ NNP 39033 309 2 Lock Lock NNP 39033 309 3 Nuts._--In Nuts._--In NNP 39033 309 4 order order NN 39033 309 5 that that IN 39033 309 6 a a DT 39033 309 7 nut nut NN 39033 309 8 may may MD 39033 309 9 turn turn VB 39033 309 10 freely freely RB 39033 309 11 upon upon IN 39033 309 12 a a DT 39033 309 13 bolt bolt NN 39033 309 14 , , , 39033 309 15 there there EX 39033 309 16 is be VBZ 39033 309 17 always always RB 39033 309 18 a a DT 39033 309 19 very very RB 39033 309 20 small small JJ 39033 309 21 clearance clearance NN 39033 309 22 space space NN 39033 309 23 between between IN 39033 309 24 the the DT 39033 309 25 threads thread NNS 39033 309 26 of of IN 39033 309 27 the the DT 39033 309 28 nut nut NN 39033 309 29 and and CC 39033 309 30 those those DT 39033 309 31 of of IN 39033 309 32 the the DT 39033 309 33 bolt bolt NN 39033 309 34 . . . 39033 310 1 This this DT 39033 310 2 clearance clearance NN 39033 310 3 is be VBZ 39033 310 4 shown show VBN 39033 310 5 exaggerated exaggerated JJ 39033 310 6 at at IN 39033 310 7 ( ( -LRB- 39033 310 8 _ _ NNP 39033 310 9 a a DT 39033 310 10 _ _ NNP 39033 310 11 ) ) -RRB- 39033 310 12 , , , 39033 310 13 fig fig NN 39033 310 14 . . . 39033 311 1 17 17 CD 39033 311 2 , , , 39033 311 3 where where WRB 39033 311 4 A a NN 39033 311 5 is be VBZ 39033 311 6 a a DT 39033 311 7 portion portion NN 39033 311 8 of of IN 39033 311 9 a a DT 39033 311 10 bolt bolt NN 39033 311 11 within within IN 39033 311 12 a a DT 39033 311 13 nut nut NN 39033 311 14 B. B. NNP 39033 312 1 Suppose suppose VB 39033 312 2 that that IN 39033 312 3 the the DT 39033 312 4 bolt bolt NN 39033 312 5 is be VBZ 39033 312 6 stretched stretch VBN 39033 312 7 by by IN 39033 312 8 a a DT 39033 312 9 force force NN 39033 312 10 W. W. NNP 39033 312 11 When when WRB 39033 312 12 the the DT 39033 312 13 nut nut NNP 39033 312 14 B B NNP 39033 312 15 is be VBZ 39033 312 16 screwed screw VBN 39033 312 17 up up RP 39033 312 18 , , , 39033 312 19 the the DT 39033 312 20 upper upper JJ 39033 312 21 surfaces surface NNS 39033 312 22 of of IN 39033 312 23 the the DT 39033 312 24 projecting projecting NN 39033 312 25 threads thread NNS 39033 312 26 of of IN 39033 312 27 the the DT 39033 312 28 nut nut NN 39033 312 29 will will MD 39033 312 30 press press VB 39033 312 31 on on IN 39033 312 32 the the DT 39033 312 33 under under JJ 39033 312 34 surfaces surface NNS 39033 312 35 of of IN 39033 312 36 the the DT 39033 312 37 threads thread NNS 39033 312 38 of of IN 39033 312 39 the the DT 39033 312 40 bolt bolt NN 39033 312 41 with with IN 39033 312 42 a a DT 39033 312 43 force force NN 39033 312 44 P p NN 39033 312 45 equal equal JJ 39033 312 46 and and CC 39033 312 47 opposite opposite JJ 39033 312 48 to to IN 39033 312 49 W w NN 39033 312 50 , , , 39033 312 51 as as IN 39033 312 52 shown show VBN 39033 312 53 at at IN 39033 312 54 ( ( -LRB- 39033 312 55 _ _ NNP 39033 312 56 b b NNP 39033 312 57 _ _ NNP 39033 312 58 ) ) -RRB- 39033 312 59 , , , 39033 312 60 fig fig NN 39033 312 61 . . . 39033 313 1 17 17 CD 39033 313 2 . . . 39033 314 1 When when WRB 39033 314 2 in in IN 39033 314 3 this this DT 39033 314 4 condition condition NN 39033 314 5 the the DT 39033 314 6 nut nut NN 39033 314 7 has have VBZ 39033 314 8 no no DT 39033 314 9 tendency tendency NN 39033 314 10 to to TO 39033 314 11 slacken slacken VB 39033 314 12 back back RB 39033 314 13 , , , 39033 314 14 because because IN 39033 314 15 of of IN 39033 314 16 the the DT 39033 314 17 friction friction NN 39033 314 18 due due IN 39033 314 19 to to IN 39033 314 20 the the DT 39033 314 21 pressure pressure NN 39033 314 22 on on IN 39033 314 23 the the DT 39033 314 24 nut nut NN 39033 314 25 . . . 39033 315 1 Now now RB 39033 315 2 suppose suppose VB 39033 315 3 that that IN 39033 315 4 the the DT 39033 315 5 tension tension NN 39033 315 6 W w NN 39033 315 7 on on IN 39033 315 8 the the DT 39033 315 9 bolt bolt NN 39033 315 10 is be VBZ 39033 315 11 momentarily momentarily RB 39033 315 12 diminished diminish VBN 39033 315 13 , , , 39033 315 14 then then RB 39033 315 15 the the DT 39033 315 16 friction friction NN 39033 315 17 which which WDT 39033 315 18 opposes oppose VBZ 39033 315 19 the the DT 39033 315 20 turning turning NN 39033 315 21 of of IN 39033 315 22 the the DT 39033 315 23 nut nut NN 39033 315 24 may may MD 39033 315 25 be be VB 39033 315 26 so so RB 39033 315 27 much much RB 39033 315 28 diminished diminish VBN 39033 315 29 that that IN 39033 315 30 a a DT 39033 315 31 vibration vibration NN 39033 315 32 may may MD 39033 315 33 cause cause VB 39033 315 34 it -PRON- PRP 39033 315 35 to to TO 39033 315 36 slacken slacken VB 39033 315 37 back back RB 39033 315 38 through through IN 39033 315 39 a a DT 39033 315 40 small small JJ 39033 315 41 angle angle NN 39033 315 42 . . . 39033 316 1 If if IN 39033 316 2 this this DT 39033 316 3 is be VBZ 39033 316 4 repeated repeat VBN 39033 316 5 a a DT 39033 316 6 great great JJ 39033 316 7 many many JJ 39033 316 8 times time NNS 39033 316 9 the the DT 39033 316 10 nut nut NNP 39033 316 11 may may MD 39033 316 12 slacken slacken VB 39033 316 13 back back RB 39033 316 14 so so RB 39033 316 15 far far RB 39033 316 16 as as IN 39033 316 17 to to TO 39033 316 18 become become VB 39033 316 19 useless useless JJ 39033 316 20 . . . 39033 317 1 [ [ -LRB- 39033 317 2 Illustration illustration NN 39033 317 3 : : : 39033 317 4 FIG FIG NNP 39033 317 5 . . . 39033 318 1 17 17 CD 39033 318 2 . . . 39033 318 3 ] ] -RRB- 39033 319 1 [ [ -LRB- 39033 319 2 Illustration illustration NN 39033 319 3 : : : 39033 319 4 FIG FIG NNP 39033 319 5 . . . 39033 320 1 18 18 CD 39033 320 2 . . . 39033 320 3 ] ] -RRB- 39033 321 1 A a DT 39033 321 2 very very RB 39033 321 3 common common JJ 39033 321 4 arrangement arrangement NN 39033 321 5 for for IN 39033 321 6 locking lock VBG 39033 321 7 a a DT 39033 321 8 nut nut NN 39033 321 9 is be VBZ 39033 321 10 shown show VBN 39033 321 11 at at IN 39033 321 12 ( ( -LRB- 39033 321 13 _ _ NNP 39033 321 14 a a DT 39033 321 15 _ _ NNP 39033 321 16 ) ) -RRB- 39033 321 17 , , , 39033 321 18 fig fig NN 39033 321 19 . . . 39033 322 1 18 18 CD 39033 322 2 . . . 39033 323 1 C C NNP 39033 323 2 is be VBZ 39033 323 3 an an DT 39033 323 4 ordinary ordinary JJ 39033 323 5 nut nut NN 39033 323 6 , , , 39033 323 7 and and CC 39033 323 8 B b NN 39033 323 9 one one NN 39033 323 10 having have VBG 39033 323 11 half half PDT 39033 323 12 the the DT 39033 323 13 thickness thickness NN 39033 323 14 of of IN 39033 323 15 C. C. NNP 39033 323 16 B B NNP 39033 323 17 is be VBZ 39033 323 18 first first RB 39033 323 19 screwed screw VBN 39033 323 20 up up RB 39033 323 21 tight tight RB 39033 323 22 so so IN 39033 323 23 as as IN 39033 323 24 to to TO 39033 323 25 act act VB 39033 323 26 on on IN 39033 323 27 the the DT 39033 323 28 bolt bolt NN 39033 323 29 , , , 39033 323 30 as as IN 39033 323 31 shown show VBN 39033 323 32 at at IN 39033 323 33 ( ( -LRB- 39033 323 34 _ _ NNP 39033 323 35 b b NNP 39033 323 36 _ _ NNP 39033 323 37 ) ) -RRB- 39033 323 38 , , , 39033 323 39 fig fig NN 39033 323 40 . . . 39033 324 1 17 17 CD 39033 324 2 . . . 39033 325 1 C C NNP 39033 325 2 is be VBZ 39033 325 3 then then RB 39033 325 4 screwed screw VBN 39033 325 5 on on IN 39033 325 6 top top NN 39033 325 7 of of IN 39033 325 8 B. B. NNP 39033 326 1 When when WRB 39033 326 2 C C NNP 39033 326 3 is be VBZ 39033 326 4 almost almost RB 39033 326 5 as as RB 39033 326 6 tight tight JJ 39033 326 7 as as IN 39033 326 8 it -PRON- PRP 39033 326 9 can can MD 39033 326 10 be be VB 39033 326 11 made make VBN 39033 326 12 , , , 39033 326 13 it -PRON- PRP 39033 326 14 is be VBZ 39033 326 15 held hold VBN 39033 326 16 by by IN 39033 326 17 one one CD 39033 326 18 spanner spanner NN 39033 326 19 , , , 39033 326 20 while while IN 39033 326 21 B B NNP 39033 326 22 is be VBZ 39033 326 23 turned turn VBN 39033 326 24 back back RB 39033 326 25 through through IN 39033 326 26 a a DT 39033 326 27 small small JJ 39033 326 28 angle angle NN 39033 326 29 with with IN 39033 326 30 another another DT 39033 326 31 . . . 39033 327 1 The the DT 39033 327 2 action action NN 39033 327 3 of of IN 39033 327 4 the the DT 39033 327 5 nuts nut NNS 39033 327 6 upon upon IN 39033 327 7 the the DT 39033 327 8 bolt bolt NN 39033 327 9 and and CC 39033 327 10 upon upon IN 39033 327 11 one one CD 39033 327 12 another another DT 39033 327 13 is be VBZ 39033 327 14 now now RB 39033 327 15 as as RB 39033 327 16 shown show VBN 39033 327 17 at at IN 39033 327 18 ( ( -LRB- 39033 327 19 _ _ NNP 39033 327 20 b b NNP 39033 327 21 _ _ NNP 39033 327 22 ) ) -RRB- 39033 327 23 , , , 39033 327 24 fig fig NN 39033 327 25 . . . 39033 328 1 18 18 CD 39033 328 2 . . . 39033 329 1 It -PRON- PRP 39033 329 2 will will MD 39033 329 3 be be VB 39033 329 4 seen see VBN 39033 329 5 that that IN 39033 329 6 the the DT 39033 329 7 nuts nut NNS 39033 329 8 are be VBP 39033 329 9 wedged wedge VBN 39033 329 10 tight tight RB 39033 329 11 on on RB 39033 329 12 to to IN 39033 329 13 the the DT 39033 329 14 bolt bolt NN 39033 329 15 , , , 39033 329 16 and and CC 39033 329 17 that that IN 39033 329 18 this this DT 39033 329 19 action action NN 39033 329 20 is be VBZ 39033 329 21 independent independent JJ 39033 329 22 of of IN 39033 329 23 the the DT 39033 329 24 tension tension NN 39033 329 25 W w NN 39033 329 26 in in IN 39033 329 27 the the DT 39033 329 28 bolt bolt NN 39033 329 29 . . . 39033 330 1 The the DT 39033 330 2 nuts nut NNS 39033 330 3 will will MD 39033 330 4 , , , 39033 330 5 therefore therefore RB 39033 330 6 , , , 39033 330 7 remain remain VBP 39033 330 8 tight tight JJ 39033 330 9 after after IN 39033 330 10 the the DT 39033 330 11 tension tension NN 39033 330 12 in in IN 39033 330 13 the the DT 39033 330 14 bolt bolt NN 39033 330 15 is be VBZ 39033 330 16 removed remove VBN 39033 330 17 . . . 39033 331 1 It -PRON- PRP 39033 331 2 is be VBZ 39033 331 3 evident evident JJ 39033 331 4 that that IN 39033 331 5 if if IN 39033 331 6 the the DT 39033 331 7 nuts nut NNS 39033 331 8 are be VBP 39033 331 9 screwed screw VBN 39033 331 10 up up RP 39033 331 11 in in IN 39033 331 12 the the DT 39033 331 13 manner manner NN 39033 331 14 explained explain VBD 39033 331 15 , , , 39033 331 16 the the DT 39033 331 17 outer outer JJ 39033 331 18 nut nut NNP 39033 331 19 C C NNP 39033 331 20 will will MD 39033 331 21 carry carry VB 39033 331 22 the the DT 39033 331 23 whole whole JJ 39033 331 24 load load NN 39033 331 25 on on IN 39033 331 26 the the DT 39033 331 27 bolt bolt NN 39033 331 28 ; ; : 39033 331 29 hence hence RB 39033 331 30 C C NNP 39033 331 31 should should MD 39033 331 32 be be VB 39033 331 33 the the DT 39033 331 34 thicker thick JJR 39033 331 35 of of IN 39033 331 36 the the DT 39033 331 37 two two CD 39033 331 38 nuts nut NNS 39033 331 39 . . . 39033 332 1 In in IN 39033 332 2 practice practice NN 39033 332 3 , , , 39033 332 4 the the DT 39033 332 5 thin thin JJ 39033 332 6 nut nut NN 39033 332 7 , , , 39033 332 8 called call VBD 39033 332 9 the the DT 39033 332 10 lock lock NN 39033 332 11 nut nut NN 39033 332 12 , , , 39033 332 13 is be VBZ 39033 332 14 often often RB 39033 332 15 placed place VBN 39033 332 16 on on IN 39033 332 17 the the DT 39033 332 18 outside outside NN 39033 332 19 , , , 39033 332 20 for for IN 39033 332 21 the the DT 39033 332 22 reason reason NN 39033 332 23 that that WDT 39033 332 24 ordinary ordinary JJ 39033 332 25 spanners spanner NNS 39033 332 26 are be VBP 39033 332 27 too too RB 39033 332 28 thick thick JJ 39033 332 29 to to TO 39033 332 30 act act VB 39033 332 31 on on IN 39033 332 32 the the DT 39033 332 33 thin thin JJ 39033 332 34 nut nut NN 39033 332 35 when when WRB 39033 332 36 placed place VBN 39033 332 37 under under IN 39033 332 38 the the DT 39033 332 39 other other JJ 39033 332 40 . . . 39033 333 1 Another another DT 39033 333 2 very very RB 39033 333 3 common common JJ 39033 333 4 arrangement arrangement NN 39033 333 5 for for IN 39033 333 6 locking lock VBG 39033 333 7 a a DT 39033 333 8 nut nut NN 39033 333 9 is be VBZ 39033 333 10 shown show VBN 39033 333 11 in in IN 39033 333 12 fig fig NN 39033 333 13 . . . 39033 334 1 19 19 CD 39033 334 2 . . . 39033 335 1 A a DT 39033 335 2 is be VBZ 39033 335 3 the the DT 39033 335 4 bolt bolt NN 39033 335 5 and and CC 39033 335 6 B B NNP 39033 335 7 the the DT 39033 335 8 nut nut NN 39033 335 9 , , , 39033 335 10 the the DT 39033 335 11 lower low JJR 39033 335 12 part part NN 39033 335 13 of of IN 39033 335 14 which which WDT 39033 335 15 is be VBZ 39033 335 16 turned turn VBN 39033 335 17 circular circular JJ 39033 335 18 . . . 39033 336 1 A a DT 39033 336 2 groove groove NN 39033 336 3 C c NN 39033 336 4 is be VBZ 39033 336 5 also also RB 39033 336 6 turned turn VBN 39033 336 7 on on RP 39033 336 8 the the DT 39033 336 9 nut nut NN 39033 336 10 at at IN 39033 336 11 this this DT 39033 336 12 part part NN 39033 336 13 . . . 39033 337 1 The the DT 39033 337 2 circular circular JJ 39033 337 3 part part NN 39033 337 4 of of IN 39033 337 5 the the DT 39033 337 6 nut nut NNP 39033 337 7 fits fit VBZ 39033 337 8 into into IN 39033 337 9 a a DT 39033 337 10 circular circular JJ 39033 337 11 recess recess NN 39033 337 12 in in IN 39033 337 13 one one CD 39033 337 14 of of IN 39033 337 15 the the DT 39033 337 16 parts part NNS 39033 337 17 connected connect VBN 39033 337 18 by by IN 39033 337 19 the the DT 39033 337 20 bolt bolt NN 39033 337 21 . . . 39033 338 1 Through through IN 39033 338 2 this this DT 39033 338 3 part part NN 39033 338 4 passes pass VBZ 39033 338 5 a a DT 39033 338 6 set set VBN 39033 338 7 screw screw NN 39033 338 8 D d NN 39033 338 9 , , , 39033 338 10 the the DT 39033 338 11 point point NN 39033 338 12 of of IN 39033 338 13 which which WDT 39033 338 14 can can MD 39033 338 15 be be VB 39033 338 16 made make VBN 39033 338 17 to to TO 39033 338 18 press press VB 39033 338 19 on on IN 39033 338 20 the the DT 39033 338 21 nut nut NN 39033 338 22 at at IN 39033 338 23 the the DT 39033 338 24 bottom bottom NN 39033 338 25 of of IN 39033 338 26 the the DT 39033 338 27 groove groove NN 39033 338 28 C. C. NNP 39033 338 29 D D NNP 39033 338 30 is be VBZ 39033 338 31 turned turn VBN 39033 338 32 back back RB 39033 338 33 when when WRB 39033 338 34 the the DT 39033 338 35 nut nut NNP 39033 338 36 B B NNP 39033 338 37 is be VBZ 39033 338 38 being be VBG 39033 338 39 moved move VBN 39033 338 40 , , , 39033 338 41 and and CC 39033 338 42 when when WRB 39033 338 43 B B NNP 39033 338 44 is be VBZ 39033 338 45 tightened tighten VBN 39033 338 46 up up RP 39033 338 47 , , , 39033 338 48 the the DT 39033 338 49 set set NN 39033 338 50 screw screw NN 39033 338 51 is be VBZ 39033 338 52 screwed screw VBN 39033 338 53 up up RP 39033 338 54 so so IN 39033 338 55 as as IN 39033 338 56 to to TO 39033 338 57 press press VB 39033 338 58 hard hard RB 39033 338 59 on on IN 39033 338 60 the the DT 39033 338 61 bottom bottom NN 39033 338 62 of of IN 39033 338 63 the the DT 39033 338 64 groove groove NN 39033 338 65 C. C. NNP 39033 338 66 The the DT 39033 338 67 nut nut NN 39033 338 68 B B NNP 39033 338 69 is be VBZ 39033 338 70 thus thus RB 39033 338 71 prevented prevent VBN 39033 338 72 from from IN 39033 338 73 slackening slacken VBG 39033 338 74 back back RB 39033 338 75 . . . 39033 339 1 The the DT 39033 339 2 screw screw NN 39033 339 3 thread thread NN 39033 339 4 is be VBZ 39033 339 5 turned turn VBN 39033 339 6 off off RP 39033 339 7 the the DT 39033 339 8 set set VBN 39033 339 9 screw screw NN 39033 339 10 at at IN 39033 339 11 the the DT 39033 339 12 point point NN 39033 339 13 where where WRB 39033 339 14 it -PRON- PRP 39033 339 15 enters enter VBZ 39033 339 16 the the DT 39033 339 17 groove groove NN 39033 339 18 on on IN 39033 339 19 the the DT 39033 339 20 nut nut NN 39033 339 21 . . . 39033 340 1 [ [ -LRB- 39033 340 2 Illustration illustration NN 39033 340 3 : : : 39033 340 4 FIG FIG NNP 39033 340 5 . . . 39033 341 1 19 19 LS 39033 341 2 ] ] -RRB- 39033 341 3 The the DT 39033 341 4 use use NN 39033 341 5 of of IN 39033 341 6 the the DT 39033 341 7 groove groove NN 39033 341 8 for for IN 39033 341 9 receiving receive VBG 39033 341 10 the the DT 39033 341 11 point point NN 39033 341 12 of of IN 39033 341 13 the the DT 39033 341 14 set set NN 39033 341 15 screw screw NN 39033 341 16 is be VBZ 39033 341 17 this this DT 39033 341 18 : : : 39033 341 19 The the DT 39033 341 20 point point NN 39033 341 21 of of IN 39033 341 22 the the DT 39033 341 23 set set NN 39033 341 24 screw screw NN 39033 341 25 indents indent NNS 39033 341 26 the the DT 39033 341 27 nut nut NNP 39033 341 28 and and CC 39033 341 29 raises raise VBZ 39033 341 30 a a DT 39033 341 31 bur bur NN 39033 341 32 which which WDT 39033 341 33 would would MD 39033 341 34 interfere interfere VB 39033 341 35 with with IN 39033 341 36 the the DT 39033 341 37 free free JJ 39033 341 38 turning turning NN 39033 341 39 of of IN 39033 341 40 the the DT 39033 341 41 nut nut NN 39033 341 42 in in IN 39033 341 43 the the DT 39033 341 44 recess recess NN 39033 341 45 if if IN 39033 341 46 the the DT 39033 341 47 bur bur NN 39033 341 48 was be VBD 39033 341 49 not not RB 39033 341 50 at at IN 39033 341 51 the the DT 39033 341 52 bottom bottom NN 39033 341 53 of of IN 39033 341 54 a a DT 39033 341 55 groove groove NN 39033 341 56 . . . 39033 342 1 Additional additional JJ 39033 342 2 security security NN 39033 342 3 is be VBZ 39033 342 4 obtained obtain VBN 39033 342 5 by by IN 39033 342 6 drilling drill VBG 39033 342 7 a a DT 39033 342 8 hole hole NN 39033 342 9 through through IN 39033 342 10 the the DT 39033 342 11 point point NN 39033 342 12 of of IN 39033 342 13 the the DT 39033 342 14 bolt bolt NN 39033 342 15 , , , 39033 342 16 and and CC 39033 342 17 fitting fit VBG 39033 342 18 it -PRON- PRP 39033 342 19 with with IN 39033 342 20 a a DT 39033 342 21 split split NN 39033 342 22 pin pin NN 39033 342 23 E. E. NNP 39033 342 24 Locking Locking NNP 39033 342 25 arrangements arrangement NNS 39033 342 26 for for IN 39033 342 27 nuts nut NNS 39033 342 28 are be VBP 39033 342 29 exceedingly exceedingly RB 39033 342 30 numerous numerous JJ 39033 342 31 , , , 39033 342 32 and and CC 39033 342 33 many many JJ 39033 342 34 of of IN 39033 342 35 them -PRON- PRP 39033 342 36 are be VBP 39033 342 37 very very RB 39033 342 38 ingenious ingenious JJ 39033 342 39 , , , 39033 342 40 but but CC 39033 342 41 want want VBP 39033 342 42 of of IN 39033 342 43 space space NN 39033 342 44 prevents prevent VBZ 39033 342 45 us -PRON- PRP 39033 342 46 describing describe VBG 39033 342 47 them -PRON- PRP 39033 342 48 . . . 39033 343 1 We -PRON- PRP 39033 343 2 may may MD 39033 343 3 point point VB 39033 343 4 out out RP 39033 343 5 , , , 39033 343 6 however however RB 39033 343 7 , , , 39033 343 8 that that IN 39033 343 9 many many JJ 39033 343 10 very very RB 39033 343 11 good good JJ 39033 343 12 locking locking NN 39033 343 13 arrangements arrangement NNS 39033 343 14 have have VBP 39033 343 15 the the DT 39033 343 16 defect defect NN 39033 343 17 of of IN 39033 343 18 only only RB 39033 343 19 locking lock VBG 39033 343 20 the the DT 39033 343 21 nut nut NN 39033 343 22 at at IN 39033 343 23 certain certain JJ 39033 343 24 points point NNS 39033 343 25 of of IN 39033 343 26 a a DT 39033 343 27 revolution revolution NN 39033 343 28 , , , 39033 343 29 say say VBP 39033 343 30 at at IN 39033 343 31 every every DT 39033 343 32 30 30 CD 39033 343 33 ° ° NNS 39033 343 34 . . . 39033 344 1 It -PRON- PRP 39033 344 2 will will MD 39033 344 3 be be VB 39033 344 4 noticed notice VBN 39033 344 5 that that IN 39033 344 6 the the DT 39033 344 7 two two CD 39033 344 8 arrangements arrangement NNS 39033 344 9 which which WDT 39033 344 10 we -PRON- PRP 39033 344 11 have have VBP 39033 344 12 described describe VBN 39033 344 13 are be VBP 39033 344 14 not not RB 39033 344 15 open open JJ 39033 344 16 to to IN 39033 344 17 this this DT 39033 344 18 objection objection NN 39033 344 19 . . . 39033 345 1 EXERCISE EXERCISE NNP 39033 345 2 18.--Draw 18.--draw CD 39033 345 3 , , , 39033 345 4 full full JJ 39033 345 5 size size NN 39033 345 6 , , , 39033 345 7 a a DT 39033 345 8 plan plan NN 39033 345 9 , , , 39033 345 10 front front JJ 39033 345 11 elevation elevation NN 39033 345 12 , , , 39033 345 13 and and CC 39033 345 14 side side NN 39033 345 15 elevation elevation NN 39033 345 16 of of IN 39033 345 17 the the DT 39033 345 18 arrangement arrangement NN 39033 345 19 of of IN 39033 345 20 nuts nut NNS 39033 345 21 shown show VBN 39033 345 22 in in IN 39033 345 23 fig fig NN 39033 345 24 . . . 39033 346 1 18 18 CD 39033 346 2 , , , 39033 346 3 for for IN 39033 346 4 a a DT 39033 346 5 bolt bolt NN 39033 346 6 7/8 7/8 CD 39033 346 7 inch inch NN 39033 346 8 diameter diameter NN 39033 346 9 . . . 39033 347 1 EXERCISE EXERCISE NNP 39033 347 2 19.--Draw 19.--Draw VBZ 39033 347 3 the the DT 39033 347 4 plan plan NN 39033 347 5 and and CC 39033 347 6 elevation elevation NN 39033 347 7 of of IN 39033 347 8 the the DT 39033 347 9 nut nut NN 39033 347 10 and and CC 39033 347 11 locking locking NN 39033 347 12 arrangement arrangement NN 39033 347 13 shown show VBN 39033 347 14 in in IN 39033 347 15 fig fig NN 39033 347 16 . . . 39033 348 1 19 19 CD 39033 348 2 . . . 39033 349 1 Make make VB 39033 349 2 also also RB 39033 349 3 an an DT 39033 349 4 elevation elevation NN 39033 349 5 looking look VBG 39033 349 6 in in IN 39033 349 7 the the DT 39033 349 8 direction direction NN 39033 349 9 of of IN 39033 349 10 the the DT 39033 349 11 arrow arrow NN 39033 349 12 . . . 39033 350 1 Scale scale NN 39033 350 2 6 6 CD 39033 350 3 inches inch NNS 39033 350 4 to to IN 39033 350 5 a a DT 39033 350 6 foot foot NN 39033 350 7 . . . 39033 351 1 IV IV NNP 39033 351 2 . . . 39033 352 1 KEYS KEYS NNP 39033 352 2 . . . 39033 353 1 _ _ NNP 39033 353 2 Keys Keys NNP 39033 353 3 _ _ NNP 39033 353 4 are be VBP 39033 353 5 wedges wedge NNS 39033 353 6 , , , 39033 353 7 generally generally RB 39033 353 8 rectangular rectangular JJ 39033 353 9 in in IN 39033 353 10 section section NN 39033 353 11 , , , 39033 353 12 but but CC 39033 353 13 sometimes sometimes RB 39033 353 14 circular circular JJ 39033 353 15 ; ; : 39033 353 16 they -PRON- PRP 39033 353 17 are be VBP 39033 353 18 made make VBN 39033 353 19 of of IN 39033 353 20 wrought wrought NN 39033 353 21 iron iron NN 39033 353 22 or or CC 39033 353 23 steel steel NN 39033 353 24 , , , 39033 353 25 and and CC 39033 353 26 are be VBP 39033 353 27 used use VBN 39033 353 28 for for IN 39033 353 29 securing secure VBG 39033 353 30 wheels wheel NNS 39033 353 31 , , , 39033 353 32 pulleys pulley NNS 39033 353 33 , , , 39033 353 34 cranks crank NNS 39033 353 35 , , , 39033 353 36 & & CC 39033 353 37 c. c. NNP 39033 353 38 , , , 39033 353 39 to to IN 39033 353 40 shafts shaft NNS 39033 353 41 . . . 39033 354 1 [ [ -LRB- 39033 354 2 Illustration illustration NN 39033 354 3 : : : 39033 354 4 Fig Fig NNP 39033 354 5 . . . 39033 355 1 20 20 CD 39033 355 2 . . . 39033 355 3 ] ] -RRB- 39033 356 1 Various various JJ 39033 356 2 sections section NNS 39033 356 3 of of IN 39033 356 4 keys key NNS 39033 356 5 are be VBP 39033 356 6 shown show VBN 39033 356 7 in in IN 39033 356 8 fig fig NN 39033 356 9 . . . 39033 357 1 20 20 CD 39033 357 2 . . . 39033 358 1 At at IN 39033 358 2 ( ( -LRB- 39033 358 3 _ _ NNP 39033 358 4 a a DT 39033 358 5 _ _ NNP 39033 358 6 ) ) -RRB- 39033 358 7 is be VBZ 39033 358 8 the the DT 39033 358 9 _ _ NNP 39033 358 10 hollow hollow JJ 39033 358 11 _ _ NNP 39033 358 12 or or CC 39033 358 13 _ _ NNP 39033 358 14 saddle saddle NN 39033 358 15 key key NN 39033 358 16 _ _ NNP 39033 358 17 . . . 39033 359 1 With with IN 39033 359 2 this this DT 39033 359 3 form form NN 39033 359 4 of of IN 39033 359 5 key key NN 39033 359 6 it -PRON- PRP 39033 359 7 is be VBZ 39033 359 8 not not RB 39033 359 9 necessary necessary JJ 39033 359 10 to to TO 39033 359 11 cut cut VB 39033 359 12 the the DT 39033 359 13 shaft shaft NN 39033 359 14 in in IN 39033 359 15 any any DT 39033 359 16 way way NN 39033 359 17 , , , 39033 359 18 but but CC 39033 359 19 its -PRON- PRP$ 39033 359 20 holding hold VBG 39033 359 21 power power NN 39033 359 22 is be VBZ 39033 359 23 small small JJ 39033 359 24 , , , 39033 359 25 and and CC 39033 359 26 it -PRON- PRP 39033 359 27 is be VBZ 39033 359 28 therefore therefore RB 39033 359 29 only only RB 39033 359 30 used use VBN 39033 359 31 for for IN 39033 359 32 light light JJ 39033 359 33 work work NN 39033 359 34 . . . 39033 360 1 At at IN 39033 360 2 ( ( -LRB- 39033 360 3 _ _ NNP 39033 360 4 b b NNP 39033 360 5 _ _ NNP 39033 360 6 ) ) -RRB- 39033 360 7 is be VBZ 39033 360 8 the the DT 39033 360 9 _ _ NNP 39033 360 10 key key NN 39033 360 11 on on IN 39033 360 12 a a DT 39033 360 13 flat flat JJ 39033 360 14 _ _ NNP 39033 360 15 , , , 39033 360 16 sometimes sometimes RB 39033 360 17 called call VBD 39033 360 18 a a DT 39033 360 19 _ _ NNP 39033 360 20 flat flat JJ 39033 360 21 key key NN 39033 360 22 _ _ NNP 39033 360 23 . . . 39033 361 1 The the DT 39033 361 2 holding hold VBG 39033 361 3 power power NN 39033 361 4 of of IN 39033 361 5 this this DT 39033 361 6 key key NN 39033 361 7 is be VBZ 39033 361 8 much much RB 39033 361 9 greater great JJR 39033 361 10 than than IN 39033 361 11 that that DT 39033 361 12 of of IN 39033 361 13 the the DT 39033 361 14 saddle saddle NNP 39033 361 15 key key NN 39033 361 16 . . . 39033 362 1 At at IN 39033 362 2 ( ( -LRB- 39033 362 3 _ _ NNP 39033 362 4 c c NNP 39033 362 5 _ _ NNP 39033 362 6 ) ) -RRB- 39033 362 7 is be VBZ 39033 362 8 the the DT 39033 362 9 _ _ NNP 39033 362 10 sunk sink VBN 39033 362 11 key key NN 39033 362 12 _ _ NNP 39033 362 13 , , , 39033 362 14 a a DT 39033 362 15 very very RB 39033 362 16 secure secure JJ 39033 362 17 and and CC 39033 362 18 very very RB 39033 362 19 common common JJ 39033 362 20 form form NN 39033 362 21 . . . 39033 363 1 The the DT 39033 363 2 part part NN 39033 363 3 of of IN 39033 363 4 the the DT 39033 363 5 shaft shaft NN 39033 363 6 upon upon IN 39033 363 7 which which WDT 39033 363 8 a a DT 39033 363 9 key key JJ 39033 363 10 rests rest NNS 39033 363 11 is be VBZ 39033 363 12 called call VBN 39033 363 13 the the DT 39033 363 14 _ _ NNP 39033 363 15 key key JJ 39033 363 16 bed bed NN 39033 363 17 _ _ NNP 39033 363 18 or or CC 39033 363 19 _ _ NNP 39033 363 20 key key JJ 39033 363 21 way way NN 39033 363 22 _ _ NNP 39033 363 23 , , , 39033 363 24 and and CC 39033 363 25 the the DT 39033 363 26 recess recess NN 39033 363 27 in in IN 39033 363 28 the the DT 39033 363 29 boss boss NN 39033 363 30 of of IN 39033 363 31 the the DT 39033 363 32 wheel wheel NN 39033 363 33 or or CC 39033 363 34 pulley pulley NN 39033 363 35 into into IN 39033 363 36 which which WDT 39033 363 37 the the DT 39033 363 38 key key JJ 39033 363 39 fits fit NNS 39033 363 40 is be VBZ 39033 363 41 called call VBN 39033 363 42 the the DT 39033 363 43 _ _ NNP 39033 363 44 key key JJ 39033 363 45 way way NN 39033 363 46 _ _ NNP 39033 363 47 ; ; : 39033 363 48 both both DT 39033 363 49 are be VBP 39033 363 50 also also RB 39033 363 51 called call VBN 39033 363 52 _ _ NNP 39033 363 53 key key JJ 39033 363 54 seats seat NNS 39033 363 55 _ _ NNP 39033 363 56 . . . 39033 364 1 With with IN 39033 364 2 saddle saddle JJ 39033 364 3 , , , 39033 364 4 flat flat JJ 39033 364 5 , , , 39033 364 6 and and CC 39033 364 7 sunk sink VBN 39033 364 8 keys key NNS 39033 364 9 the the DT 39033 364 10 key key JJ 39033 364 11 bed bed NN 39033 364 12 is be VBZ 39033 364 13 parallel parallel JJ 39033 364 14 to to IN 39033 364 15 the the DT 39033 364 16 axis axi NNS 39033 364 17 of of IN 39033 364 18 the the DT 39033 364 19 shaft shaft NN 39033 364 20 ; ; : 39033 364 21 but but CC 39033 364 22 the the DT 39033 364 23 key key JJ 39033 364 24 way way NN 39033 364 25 is be VBZ 39033 364 26 deeper deep JJR 39033 364 27 at at IN 39033 364 28 one one CD 39033 364 29 end end NN 39033 364 30 than than IN 39033 364 31 the the DT 39033 364 32 other other JJ 39033 364 33 to to TO 39033 364 34 accommodate accommodate VB 39033 364 35 the the DT 39033 364 36 taper taper NN 39033 364 37 of of IN 39033 364 38 the the DT 39033 364 39 key key NN 39033 364 40 . . . 39033 365 1 The the DT 39033 365 2 sides side NNS 39033 365 3 of of IN 39033 365 4 the the DT 39033 365 5 key key NN 39033 365 6 are be VBP 39033 365 7 parallel parallel JJ 39033 365 8 . . . 39033 366 1 The the DT 39033 366 2 _ _ NNP 39033 366 3 round round NN 39033 366 4 key key JJ 39033 366 5 _ _ NNP 39033 366 6 or or CC 39033 366 7 taper taper NN 39033 366 8 pin pin NN 39033 366 9 shown show VBN 39033 366 10 at at IN 39033 366 11 ( ( -LRB- 39033 366 12 _ _ NNP 39033 366 13 d d NNP 39033 366 14 _ _ NNP 39033 366 15 ) ) -RRB- 39033 366 16 is be VBZ 39033 366 17 in in IN 39033 366 18 general general JJ 39033 366 19 only only RB 39033 366 20 used use VBN 39033 366 21 for for IN 39033 366 22 wheels wheel NNS 39033 366 23 or or CC 39033 366 24 cranks crank NNS 39033 366 25 which which WDT 39033 366 26 have have VBP 39033 366 27 been be VBN 39033 366 28 previously previously RB 39033 366 29 shrunk shrink VBN 39033 366 30 on on RP 39033 366 31 to to IN 39033 366 32 their -PRON- PRP$ 39033 366 33 shafts shaft NNS 39033 366 34 or or CC 39033 366 35 forced force VBN 39033 366 36 on on RP 39033 366 37 by by IN 39033 366 38 great great JJ 39033 366 39 pressure pressure NN 39033 366 40 . . . 39033 367 1 After after IN 39033 367 2 the the DT 39033 367 3 wheel wheel NN 39033 367 4 or or CC 39033 367 5 crank crank NNP 39033 367 6 has have VBZ 39033 367 7 been be VBN 39033 367 8 shrunk shrink VBN 39033 367 9 on on RP 39033 367 10 , , , 39033 367 11 a a DT 39033 367 12 hole hole NN 39033 367 13 is be VBZ 39033 367 14 drilled drill VBN 39033 367 15 , , , 39033 367 16 half half NN 39033 367 17 into into IN 39033 367 18 the the DT 39033 367 19 shaft shaft NN 39033 367 20 and and CC 39033 367 21 half half NN 39033 367 22 into into IN 39033 367 23 the the DT 39033 367 24 wheel wheel NN 39033 367 25 or or CC 39033 367 26 crank crank NN 39033 367 27 , , , 39033 367 28 to to TO 39033 367 29 receive receive VB 39033 367 30 the the DT 39033 367 31 pin pin NN 39033 367 32 . . . 39033 368 1 When when WRB 39033 368 2 the the DT 39033 368 3 point point NN 39033 368 4 of of IN 39033 368 5 a a DT 39033 368 6 key key NN 39033 368 7 is be VBZ 39033 368 8 inaccessible inaccessible JJ 39033 368 9 the the DT 39033 368 10 other other JJ 39033 368 11 end end NN 39033 368 12 is be VBZ 39033 368 13 provided provide VBN 39033 368 14 with with IN 39033 368 15 a a DT 39033 368 16 _ _ NNP 39033 368 17 gib gib NN 39033 368 18 head head NN 39033 368 19 _ _ NNP 39033 368 20 as as IN 39033 368 21 shown show VBN 39033 368 22 at at IN 39033 368 23 ( ( -LRB- 39033 368 24 _ _ NNP 39033 368 25 e e NNP 39033 368 26 _ _ NNP 39033 368 27 ) ) -RRB- 39033 368 28 , , , 39033 368 29 to to TO 39033 368 30 enable enable VB 39033 368 31 the the DT 39033 368 32 key key NN 39033 368 33 to to TO 39033 368 34 be be VB 39033 368 35 withdrawn withdraw VBN 39033 368 36 . . . 39033 369 1 A a DT 39033 369 2 _ _ NNP 39033 369 3 sliding slide VBG 39033 369 4 _ _ NNP 39033 369 5 or or CC 39033 369 6 _ _ NNP 39033 369 7 feather feather NN 39033 369 8 key key NN 39033 369 9 _ _ NNP 39033 369 10 secures secure VBZ 39033 369 11 a a DT 39033 369 12 piece piece NN 39033 369 13 to to IN 39033 369 14 a a DT 39033 369 15 shaft shaft NN 39033 369 16 so so RB 39033 369 17 far far RB 39033 369 18 as as IN 39033 369 19 to to TO 39033 369 20 prevent prevent VB 39033 369 21 the the DT 39033 369 22 one one NN 39033 369 23 from from IN 39033 369 24 rotating rotate VBG 39033 369 25 without without IN 39033 369 26 the the DT 39033 369 27 other other JJ 39033 369 28 , , , 39033 369 29 but but CC 39033 369 30 allows allow VBZ 39033 369 31 of of IN 39033 369 32 relative relative JJ 39033 369 33 motion motion NN 39033 369 34 in in IN 39033 369 35 the the DT 39033 369 36 direction direction NN 39033 369 37 of of IN 39033 369 38 the the DT 39033 369 39 axis axi NNS 39033 369 40 of of IN 39033 369 41 the the DT 39033 369 42 shaft shaft NN 39033 369 43 . . . 39033 370 1 This this DT 39033 370 2 form form NN 39033 370 3 of of IN 39033 370 4 key key NN 39033 370 5 has have VBZ 39033 370 6 no no DT 39033 370 7 taper taper NN 39033 370 8 , , , 39033 370 9 and and CC 39033 370 10 it -PRON- PRP 39033 370 11 is be VBZ 39033 370 12 secured secure VBN 39033 370 13 to to IN 39033 370 14 the the DT 39033 370 15 piece piece NN 39033 370 16 carried carry VBN 39033 370 17 by by IN 39033 370 18 the the DT 39033 370 19 shaft shaft NN 39033 370 20 , , , 39033 370 21 but but CC 39033 370 22 is be VBZ 39033 370 23 made make VBN 39033 370 24 a a DT 39033 370 25 _ _ NNP 39033 370 26 sliding slide VBG 39033 370 27 fit fit JJ 39033 370 28 _ _ NNP 39033 370 29 in in IN 39033 370 30 the the DT 39033 370 31 key key JJ 39033 370 32 way way NN 39033 370 33 of of IN 39033 370 34 the the DT 39033 370 35 shaft shaft NN 39033 370 36 . . . 39033 371 1 In in IN 39033 371 2 one one CD 39033 371 3 form form NN 39033 371 4 of of IN 39033 371 5 feather feather NN 39033 371 6 key key NN 39033 371 7 the the DT 39033 371 8 part part NN 39033 371 9 within within IN 39033 371 10 the the DT 39033 371 11 piece piece NN 39033 371 12 carried carry VBN 39033 371 13 by by IN 39033 371 14 the the DT 39033 371 15 shaft shaft NN 39033 371 16 is be VBZ 39033 371 17 dovetailed dovetail VBN 39033 371 18 as as IN 39033 371 19 shown show VBN 39033 371 20 at at IN 39033 371 21 ( ( -LRB- 39033 371 22 _ _ NNP 39033 371 23 f f NNP 39033 371 24 _ _ NNP 39033 371 25 ) ) -RRB- 39033 371 26 . . . 39033 372 1 In in IN 39033 372 2 another another DT 39033 372 3 form form NN 39033 372 4 the the DT 39033 372 5 key key NN 39033 372 6 has have VBZ 39033 372 7 a a DT 39033 372 8 round round JJ 39033 372 9 projecting project VBG 39033 372 10 pin pin NN 39033 372 11 forged forge VBD 39033 372 12 upon upon IN 39033 372 13 it -PRON- PRP 39033 372 14 , , , 39033 372 15 which which WDT 39033 372 16 enters enter VBZ 39033 372 17 a a DT 39033 372 18 corresponding corresponding JJ 39033 372 19 hole hole NN 39033 372 20 as as IN 39033 372 21 shown show VBN 39033 372 22 at at IN 39033 372 23 ( ( -LRB- 39033 372 24 _ _ NNP 39033 372 25 g g NNP 39033 372 26 _ _ NNP 39033 372 27 ) ) -RRB- 39033 372 28 . . . 39033 373 1 The the DT 39033 373 2 feather feather NN 39033 373 3 key key NN 39033 373 4 may may MD 39033 373 5 also also RB 39033 373 6 be be VB 39033 373 7 secured secure VBN 39033 373 8 to to IN 39033 373 9 the the DT 39033 373 10 piece piece NN 39033 373 11 carried carry VBN 39033 373 12 by by IN 39033 373 13 the the DT 39033 373 14 shaft shaft NN 39033 373 15 by by IN 39033 373 16 means mean NNS 39033 373 17 of of IN 39033 373 18 one one CD 39033 373 19 or or CC 39033 373 20 more more JJR 39033 373 21 screws screw NNS 39033 373 22 as as IN 39033 373 23 shown show VBN 39033 373 24 at at IN 39033 373 25 ( ( -LRB- 39033 373 26 _ _ NNP 39033 373 27 h h NNP 39033 373 28 _ _ NNP 39033 373 29 ) ) -RRB- 39033 373 30 . . . 39033 374 1 The the DT 39033 374 2 key key JJ 39033 374 3 way way NN 39033 374 4 in in IN 39033 374 5 the the DT 39033 374 6 shaft shaft NN 39033 374 7 is be VBZ 39033 374 8 made make VBN 39033 374 9 long long JJ 39033 374 10 enough enough RB 39033 374 11 to to TO 39033 374 12 permit permit VB 39033 374 13 of of IN 39033 374 14 the the DT 39033 374 15 necessary necessary JJ 39033 374 16 sliding slide VBG 39033 374 17 motion motion NN 39033 374 18 . . . 39033 375 1 _ _ NNP 39033 375 2 Cone Cone NNP 39033 375 3 Keys._--These Keys._--These NNP 39033 375 4 are be VBP 39033 375 5 sometimes sometimes RB 39033 375 6 fitted fit VBN 39033 375 7 to to IN 39033 375 8 pulleys pulley NNS 39033 375 9 , , , 39033 375 10 and and CC 39033 375 11 are be VBP 39033 375 12 shown show VBN 39033 375 13 in in IN 39033 375 14 fig fig NN 39033 375 15 . . . 39033 376 1 32 32 CD 39033 376 2 , , , 39033 376 3 page page NN 39033 376 4 38 38 CD 39033 376 5 . . . 39033 377 1 In in IN 39033 377 2 this this DT 39033 377 3 case case NN 39033 377 4 the the DT 39033 377 5 eye eye NN 39033 377 6 of of IN 39033 377 7 the the DT 39033 377 8 pulley pulley NN 39033 377 9 is be VBZ 39033 377 10 tapered taper VBN 39033 377 11 and and CC 39033 377 12 is be VBZ 39033 377 13 larger large JJR 39033 377 14 than than IN 39033 377 15 the the DT 39033 377 16 shaft shaft NN 39033 377 17 . . . 39033 378 1 The the DT 39033 378 2 space space NN 39033 378 3 between between IN 39033 378 4 the the DT 39033 378 5 shaft shaft NN 39033 378 6 and and CC 39033 378 7 the the DT 39033 378 8 boss boss NN 39033 378 9 of of IN 39033 378 10 the the DT 39033 378 11 pulley pulley NN 39033 378 12 is be VBZ 39033 378 13 filled fill VBN 39033 378 14 with with IN 39033 378 15 three three CD 39033 378 16 _ _ NNP 39033 378 17 saddle saddle NN 39033 378 18 _ _ NNP 39033 378 19 or or CC 39033 378 20 _ _ NNP 39033 378 21 cone cone NN 39033 378 22 keys key NNS 39033 378 23 _ _ NNP 39033 378 24 . . . 39033 379 1 These these DT 39033 379 2 keys key NNS 39033 379 3 are be VBP 39033 379 4 made make VBN 39033 379 5 of of IN 39033 379 6 cast cast NN 39033 379 7 iron iron NN 39033 379 8 and and CC 39033 379 9 are be VBP 39033 379 10 all all DT 39033 379 11 cast cast VBN 39033 379 12 together together RB 39033 379 13 , , , 39033 379 14 and and CC 39033 379 15 before before IN 39033 379 16 being be VBG 39033 379 17 divided divide VBN 39033 379 18 the the DT 39033 379 19 casting casting NN 39033 379 20 is be VBZ 39033 379 21 bored bore VBN 39033 379 22 to to TO 39033 379 23 fit fit VB 39033 379 24 the the DT 39033 379 25 shaft shaft NN 39033 379 26 and and CC 39033 379 27 turned turn VBD 39033 379 28 to to TO 39033 379 29 fit fit VB 39033 379 30 the the DT 39033 379 31 eye eye NN 39033 379 32 of of IN 39033 379 33 the the DT 39033 379 34 pulley pulley NN 39033 379 35 . . . 39033 380 1 By by IN 39033 380 2 this this DT 39033 380 3 arrangement arrangement NN 39033 380 4 of of IN 39033 380 5 keys key NNS 39033 380 6 the the DT 39033 380 7 same same JJ 39033 380 8 pulley pulley NN 39033 380 9 may may MD 39033 380 10 be be VB 39033 380 11 fixed fix VBN 39033 380 12 on on IN 39033 380 13 shafts shaft NNS 39033 380 14 of of IN 39033 380 15 different different JJ 39033 380 16 diameters diameter NNS 39033 380 17 by by IN 39033 380 18 using use VBG 39033 380 19 keys key NNS 39033 380 20 of of IN 39033 380 21 different different JJ 39033 380 22 thicknesses thickness NNS 39033 380 23 ; ; : 39033 380 24 also also RB 39033 380 25 the the DT 39033 380 26 pulley pulley NN 39033 380 27 may may MD 39033 380 28 be be VB 39033 380 29 bored bore VBN 39033 380 30 out out RP 39033 380 31 large large JJ 39033 380 32 enough enough RB 39033 380 33 to to TO 39033 380 34 pass pass VB 39033 380 35 over over RP 39033 380 36 any any DT 39033 380 37 boss boss NN 39033 380 38 which which WDT 39033 380 39 may may MD 39033 380 40 be be VB 39033 380 41 forged forge VBN 39033 380 42 on on IN 39033 380 43 the the DT 39033 380 44 shaft shaft NN 39033 380 45 . . . 39033 381 1 _ _ NNP 39033 381 2 Proportions Proportions NNP 39033 381 3 of of IN 39033 381 4 Keys._--The Keys._--The NNP 39033 381 5 following follow VBG 39033 381 6 rules rule NNS 39033 381 7 are be VBP 39033 381 8 taken take VBN 39033 381 9 from from IN 39033 381 10 Unwin Unwin NNP 39033 381 11 's 's POS 39033 381 12 ' ' `` 39033 381 13 Machine Machine NNP 39033 381 14 Design Design NNP 39033 381 15 , , , 39033 381 16 ' ' '' 39033 381 17 pp pp NN 39033 381 18 . . . 39033 382 1 142 142 CD 39033 382 2 - - SYM 39033 382 3 43 43 CD 39033 382 4 . . . 39033 383 1 Diameter diameter NN 39033 383 2 of of IN 39033 383 3 eye eye NN 39033 383 4 of of IN 39033 383 5 wheel wheel NN 39033 383 6 , , , 39033 383 7 or or CC 39033 383 8 boss boss NN 39033 383 9 of of IN 39033 383 10 shaft shaft NN 39033 383 11 = = SYM 39033 383 12 _ _ NNP 39033 383 13 d d NNP 39033 383 14 _ _ NNP 39033 383 15 . . . 39033 384 1 Width width NN 39033 384 2 of of IN 39033 384 3 key key NN 39033 384 4 = = SYM 39033 384 5 3/4_d 3/4_d CD 39033 384 6 _ _ NN 39033 384 7 + + CC 39033 384 8 1/8 1/8 CD 39033 384 9 . . . 39033 385 1 Mean mean JJ 39033 385 2 thickness thickness NN 39033 385 3 of of IN 39033 385 4 sunk sink VBN 39033 385 5 key key JJ 39033 385 6 = = SYM 39033 385 7 1/8_d 1/8_d NNPS 39033 385 8 _ _ NNP 39033 385 9 + + CC 39033 385 10 1/8 1/8 CD 39033 385 11 . . . 39033 385 12 " " '' 39033 386 1 key key JJ 39033 386 2 on on IN 39033 386 3 flat flat JJ 39033 386 4 = = SYM 39033 386 5 1/16_d 1/16_d CD 39033 386 6 _ _ NNP 39033 386 7 + + CC 39033 386 8 1/16 1/16 CD 39033 386 9 . . . 39033 387 1 The the DT 39033 387 2 following follow VBG 39033 387 3 table table NN 39033 387 4 gives give VBZ 39033 387 5 dimensions dimension NNS 39033 387 6 agreeing agree VBG 39033 387 7 with with IN 39033 387 8 average average JJ 39033 387 9 practice practice NN 39033 387 10 . . . 39033 388 1 _ _ NNP 39033 388 2 Dimensions Dimensions NNPS 39033 388 3 of of IN 39033 388 4 Keys Keys NNP 39033 388 5 . . . 39033 388 6 _ _ NNP 39033 388 7 D D NNP 39033 388 8 = = SYM 39033 388 9 diameter diameter NN 39033 388 10 of of IN 39033 388 11 shaft shaft NN 39033 388 12 . . . 39033 389 1 B b NN 39033 389 2 = = SYM 39033 389 3 breadth breadth NN 39033 389 4 of of IN 39033 389 5 key key NN 39033 389 6 . . . 39033 390 1 T T NNP 39033 390 2 = = SYM 39033 390 3 thickness thickness NN 39033 390 4 of of IN 39033 390 5 sunk sink VBN 39033 390 6 key key JJ 39033 390 7 . . . 39033 391 1 T_{1 t_{1 NN 39033 391 2 } } -RRB- 39033 391 3 = = SYM 39033 391 4 thickness thickness NN 39033 391 5 of of IN 39033 391 6 flat flat JJ 39033 391 7 key key NN 39033 391 8 , , , 39033 391 9 also also RB 39033 391 10 = = SYM 39033 391 11 thickness thickness NN 39033 391 12 of of IN 39033 391 13 saddle saddle NNP 39033 391 14 key key NN 39033 391 15 . . . 39033 392 1 Taper taper NN 39033 392 2 of of IN 39033 392 3 key key JJ 39033 392 4 1/8 1/8 CD 39033 392 5 inch inch NN 39033 392 6 per per IN 39033 392 7 foot foot NN 39033 392 8 of of IN 39033 392 9 length length NN 39033 392 10 , , , 39033 392 11 _ _ NNP 39033 392 12 i.e. i.e. FW 39033 392 13 _ _ NNP 39033 392 14 1 1 CD 39033 392 15 in in IN 39033 392 16 96 96 CD 39033 392 17 . . . 39033 393 1 + + NFP 39033 393 2 ---------------------------------------------------------------+ ---------------------------------------------------------------+ NN 39033 393 3 | | NNP 39033 393 4 D D NNP 39033 393 5 | | CD 39033 393 6 3/4 3/4 CD 39033 393 7 | | CD 39033 393 8 1 1 CD 39033 393 9 | | CD 39033 393 10 1 1 CD 39033 393 11 - - HYPH 39033 393 12 1/4 1/4 CD 39033 393 13 | | CD 39033 393 14 1 1 CD 39033 393 15 - - HYPH 39033 393 16 1/2 1/2 CD 39033 393 17 | | CD 39033 393 18 1 1 CD 39033 393 19 - - HYPH 39033 393 20 3/4 3/4 CD 39033 393 21 | | CD 39033 393 22 2 2 CD 39033 393 23 | | CD 39033 393 24 2 2 CD 39033 393 25 - - HYPH 39033 393 26 1/4 1/4 CD 39033 393 27 | | CD 39033 393 28 2 2 CD 39033 393 29 - - HYPH 39033 393 30 1/2 1/2 CD 39033 393 31 | | CD 39033 393 32 + + SYM 39033 393 33 -----+-----+-----+-------+-------+-------+-----+-------+-------+ -----+-----+-----+-------+-------+-------+-----+-------+-------+ . 39033 393 34 | | NNP 39033 393 35 B B NNP 39033 393 36 | | NNP 39033 393 37 5/16| 5/16| CD 39033 393 38 3/8 3/8 CD 39033 393 39 | | CD 39033 393 40 7/16 7/16 CD 39033 393 41 | | CD 39033 393 42 1/2 1/2 CD 39033 393 43 | | CD 39033 393 44 9/16 9/16 CD 39033 393 45 | | CD 39033 393 46 5/8 5/8 CD 39033 393 47 | | CD 39033 393 48 11/16 11/16 CD 39033 393 49 | | CD 39033 393 50 11/16 11/16 CD 39033 393 51 | | CD 39033 393 52 | | CD 39033 393 53 T T NNP 39033 393 54 | | CD 39033 393 55 1/4 1/4 CD 39033 393 56 | | CD 39033 393 57 1/4 1/4 CD 39033 393 58 | | CD 39033 393 59 1/4 1/4 CD 39033 393 60 | | CD 39033 393 61 5/16 5/16 CD 39033 393 62 | | CD 39033 393 63 5/16 5/16 CD 39033 393 64 | | CD 39033 393 65 5/16| 5/16| CD 39033 393 66 3/8 3/8 CD 39033 393 67 | | CD 39033 393 68 3/8 3/8 CD 39033 393 69 | | NNP 39033 393 70 |T_{1}| |T_{1}| NNP 39033 393 71 3/16| 3/16| CD 39033 393 72 3/16| 3/16| CD 39033 393 73 3/16 3/16 CD 39033 393 74 | | CD 39033 393 75 3/16 3/16 CD 39033 393 76 | | CD 39033 393 77 1/4 1/4 CD 39033 393 78 | | CD 39033 393 79 1/4 1/4 CD 39033 393 80 | | CD 39033 393 81 1/4 1/4 CD 39033 393 82 | | CD 39033 393 83 5/16 5/16 CD 39033 393 84 | | CD 39033 393 85 + + SYM 39033 393 86 ---------------------------------------------------------------+ ---------------------------------------------------------------+ NN 39033 393 87 + + CC 39033 393 88 -------------------------------------------------------------------+ -------------------------------------------------------------------+ NN 39033 393 89 | | NNP 39033 393 90 D D NNP 39033 393 91 | | CD 39033 393 92 2 2 CD 39033 393 93 - - HYPH 39033 393 94 3/4 3/4 CD 39033 393 95 | | CD 39033 393 96 3 3 CD 39033 393 97 | | CD 39033 393 98 3 3 CD 39033 393 99 - - HYPH 39033 393 100 1/2 1/2 CD 39033 393 101 | | CD 39033 393 102 4 4 CD 39033 393 103 | | CD 39033 393 104 4 4 CD 39033 393 105 - - HYPH 39033 393 106 1/2 1/2 CD 39033 393 107 | | CD 39033 393 108 5 5 CD 39033 393 109 | | CD 39033 393 110 5 5 CD 39033 393 111 - - HYPH 39033 393 112 1/2 1/2 CD 39033 393 113 | | CD 39033 393 114 6 6 CD 39033 393 115 | | CD 39033 393 116 + + CC 39033 393 117 -----+-------+-----+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+ -----+-------+-----+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+ . 39033 393 118 | | NNP 39033 393 119 B B NNP 39033 393 120 | | CD 39033 393 121 3/4 3/4 CD 39033 393 122 | | CD 39033 393 123 7/8 7/8 CD 39033 393 124 | | CD 39033 393 125 1 1 CD 39033 393 126 | | CD 39033 393 127 1 1 CD 39033 393 128 - - HYPH 39033 393 129 1/8 1/8 CD 39033 393 130 | | CD 39033 393 131 1 1 CD 39033 393 132 - - HYPH 39033 393 133 1/4 1/4 CD 39033 393 134 | | CD 39033 393 135 1 1 CD 39033 393 136 - - HYPH 39033 393 137 3/8 3/8 CD 39033 393 138 | | CD 39033 393 139 1 1 CD 39033 393 140 - - HYPH 39033 393 141 1/2 1/2 CD 39033 393 142 | | CD 39033 393 143 1 1 CD 39033 393 144 - - HYPH 39033 393 145 5/8 5/8 CD 39033 393 146 | | CD 39033 393 147 | | CD 39033 393 148 T T NNP 39033 393 149 | | CD 39033 393 150 3/8 3/8 CD 39033 393 151 | | CD 39033 393 152 7/16| 7/16| CD 39033 393 153 1/2 1/2 CD 39033 393 154 | | CD 39033 393 155 1/2 1/2 CD 39033 393 156 | | CD 39033 393 157 9/16 9/16 CD 39033 393 158 | | CD 39033 393 159 5/8 5/8 CD 39033 393 160 | | CD 39033 393 161 11/16 11/16 CD 39033 393 162 | | CD 39033 393 163 3/4 3/4 CD 39033 393 164 | | NNS 39033 393 165 |T_{1}| |T_{1}| NNP 39033 393 166 5/16 5/16 CD 39033 393 167 | | CD 39033 393 168 5/16| 5/16| CD 39033 393 169 3/8 3/8 CD 39033 393 170 | | CD 39033 393 171 7/16 7/16 CD 39033 393 172 | | CD 39033 393 173 1/2 1/2 CD 39033 393 174 | | CD 39033 393 175 1/2 1/2 CD 39033 393 176 | | CD 39033 393 177 9/16 9/16 CD 39033 393 178 | | CD 39033 393 179 5/8 5/8 CD 39033 393 180 | | CD 39033 393 181 + + SYM 39033 393 182 -------------------------------------------------------------------+ -------------------------------------------------------------------+ CD 39033 393 183 + + CC 39033 393 184 -------------------------------------------------------+ -------------------------------------------------------+ NN 39033 393 185 | | NNP 39033 393 186 D D NNP 39033 393 187 | | NNP 39033 393 188 7 7 CD 39033 393 189 | | CD 39033 393 190 8 8 CD 39033 393 191 | | CD 39033 393 192 9 9 CD 39033 393 193 | | CD 39033 393 194 10 10 CD 39033 393 195 | | CD 39033 393 196 11 11 CD 39033 393 197 | | CD 39033 393 198 12 12 CD 39033 393 199 | | CD 39033 393 200 + + CC 39033 393 201 -----+-------+-------+-------+--------+--------+-------+ -----+-------+-------+-------+--------+--------+-------+ NN 39033 393 202 | | NNP 39033 393 203 B B NNP 39033 393 204 | | CD 39033 393 205 1 1 CD 39033 393 206 - - HYPH 39033 393 207 7/8 7/8 CD 39033 393 208 | | CD 39033 393 209 2 2 CD 39033 393 210 - - HYPH 39033 393 211 1/8 1/8 CD 39033 393 212 | | CD 39033 393 213 2 2 CD 39033 393 214 - - HYPH 39033 393 215 3/8 3/8 CD 39033 393 216 | | CD 39033 393 217 2 2 CD 39033 393 218 - - HYPH 39033 393 219 5/8 5/8 CD 39033 393 220 | | CD 39033 393 221 2 2 CD 39033 393 222 - - HYPH 39033 393 223 7/8 7/8 CD 39033 393 224 | | CD 39033 393 225 3 3 CD 39033 393 226 - - HYPH 39033 393 227 1/8 1/8 CD 39033 393 228 | | CD 39033 393 229 | | NNP 39033 393 230 T T NNP 39033 393 231 | | CD 39033 393 232 13/16 13/16 CD 39033 393 233 | | CD 39033 393 234 15/16 15/16 CD 39033 393 235 | | CD 39033 393 236 1 1 CD 39033 393 237 | | CD 39033 393 238 1 1 CD 39033 393 239 - - HYPH 39033 393 240 1/16 1/16 CD 39033 393 241 | | CD 39033 393 242 1 1 CD 39033 393 243 - - HYPH 39033 393 244 3/16 3/16 CD 39033 393 245 | | CD 39033 393 246 1 1 CD 39033 393 247 - - HYPH 39033 393 248 1/4 1/4 CD 39033 393 249 | | CD 39033 393 250 |T_{1}| |T_{1}| NNP 39033 393 251 11/16 11/16 CD 39033 393 252 | | CD 39033 393 253 3/4 3/4 CD 39033 393 254 | | CD 39033 393 255 7/8 7/8 CD 39033 393 256 | | CD 39033 393 257 15/16 15/16 CD 39033 393 258 | | CD 39033 393 259 1 1 CD 39033 393 260 - - HYPH 39033 393 261 1/16 1/16 CD 39033 393 262 | | CD 39033 393 263 1 1 CD 39033 393 264 - - HYPH 39033 393 265 1/8 1/8 CD 39033 393 266 | | CD 39033 393 267 + + SYM 39033 393 268 -------------------------------------------------------+ -------------------------------------------------------+ NNP 39033 393 269 V. V. NNP 39033 393 270 SHAFTING SHAFTING NNP 39033 393 271 . . . 39033 394 1 Shafting shafting NN 39033 394 2 is be VBZ 39033 394 3 nearly nearly RB 39033 394 4 always always RB 39033 394 5 cylindrical cylindrical JJ 39033 394 6 and and CC 39033 394 7 made make VBN 39033 394 8 of of IN 39033 394 9 wrought wrought NN 39033 394 10 iron iron NN 39033 394 11 or or CC 39033 394 12 steel steel NN 39033 394 13 . . . 39033 395 1 Cast Cast VBN 39033 395 2 iron iron NN 39033 395 3 is be VBZ 39033 395 4 rarely rarely RB 39033 395 5 used use VBN 39033 395 6 for for IN 39033 395 7 shafting shaft VBG 39033 395 8 . . . 39033 396 1 _ _ NNP 39033 396 2 Axles Axles NNP 39033 396 3 _ _ NNP 39033 396 4 are be VBP 39033 396 5 shafts shaft NNS 39033 396 6 which which WDT 39033 396 7 are be VBP 39033 396 8 subjected subject VBN 39033 396 9 to to IN 39033 396 10 bending bend VBG 39033 396 11 without without IN 39033 396 12 twisting twisting NN 39033 396 13 . . . 39033 397 1 The the DT 39033 397 2 parts part NNS 39033 397 3 of of IN 39033 397 4 a a DT 39033 397 5 shaft shaft NN 39033 397 6 or or CC 39033 397 7 axle axle NN 39033 397 8 which which WDT 39033 397 9 rest rest VBP 39033 397 10 upon upon IN 39033 397 11 the the DT 39033 397 12 bearings bearing NNS 39033 397 13 or or CC 39033 397 14 supports support NNS 39033 397 15 are be VBP 39033 397 16 called call VBN 39033 397 17 _ _ NNP 39033 397 18 journals journal NNS 39033 397 19 _ _ NNP 39033 397 20 , , , 39033 397 21 _ _ NNP 39033 397 22 pivots pivot NNS 39033 397 23 _ _ NNP 39033 397 24 , , , 39033 397 25 or or CC 39033 397 26 _ _ NNP 39033 397 27 collars collar VBZ 39033 397 28 _ _ NNP 39033 397 29 . . . 39033 398 1 In in IN 39033 398 2 journals journal NNS 39033 398 3 the the DT 39033 398 4 supporting supporting JJ 39033 398 5 pressure pressure NN 39033 398 6 is be VBZ 39033 398 7 at at IN 39033 398 8 right right JJ 39033 398 9 angles angle NNS 39033 398 10 to to IN 39033 398 11 the the DT 39033 398 12 axis axi NNS 39033 398 13 of of IN 39033 398 14 the the DT 39033 398 15 shaft shaft NN 39033 398 16 , , , 39033 398 17 while while IN 39033 398 18 in in IN 39033 398 19 pivots pivot NNS 39033 398 20 and and CC 39033 398 21 collars collar VBZ 39033 398 22 the the DT 39033 398 23 pressure pressure NN 39033 398 24 is be VBZ 39033 398 25 parallel parallel JJ 39033 398 26 to to IN 39033 398 27 that that DT 39033 398 28 axis axis NN 39033 398 29 . . . 39033 399 1 Shafts shaft NNS 39033 399 2 may may MD 39033 399 3 be be VB 39033 399 4 solid solid JJ 39033 399 5 or or CC 39033 399 6 hollow hollow JJ 39033 399 7 . . . 39033 400 1 Hollow hollow JJ 39033 400 2 shafts shaft NNS 39033 400 3 are be VBP 39033 400 4 stronger strong JJR 39033 400 5 than than IN 39033 400 6 solid solid JJ 39033 400 7 shafts shaft NNS 39033 400 8 for for IN 39033 400 9 the the DT 39033 400 10 same same JJ 39033 400 11 weight weight NN 39033 400 12 of of IN 39033 400 13 material material NN 39033 400 14 . . . 39033 401 1 Thus thus RB 39033 401 2 a a DT 39033 401 3 hollow hollow JJ 39033 401 4 shaft shaft NN 39033 401 5 having have VBG 39033 401 6 an an DT 39033 401 7 external external JJ 39033 401 8 diameter diameter NN 39033 401 9 of of IN 39033 401 10 10 10 CD 39033 401 11 - - SYM 39033 401 12 1/4 1/4 CD 39033 401 13 inches inch NNS 39033 401 14 and and CC 39033 401 15 an an DT 39033 401 16 internal internal JJ 39033 401 17 diameter diameter NN 39033 401 18 of of IN 39033 401 19 7 7 CD 39033 401 20 inches inch NNS 39033 401 21 would would MD 39033 401 22 have have VB 39033 401 23 about about IN 39033 401 24 the the DT 39033 401 25 same same JJ 39033 401 26 weight weight NN 39033 401 27 as as IN 39033 401 28 a a DT 39033 401 29 solid solid JJ 39033 401 30 shaft shaft NN 39033 401 31 of of IN 39033 401 32 the the DT 39033 401 33 same same JJ 39033 401 34 material material NN 39033 401 35 7 7 CD 39033 401 36 - - SYM 39033 401 37 1/2 1/2 CD 39033 401 38 inches inch NNS 39033 401 39 in in IN 39033 401 40 diameter diameter NN 39033 401 41 , , , 39033 401 42 but but CC 39033 401 43 the the DT 39033 401 44 former former JJ 39033 401 45 would would MD 39033 401 46 have have VB 39033 401 47 about about RB 39033 401 48 double double PDT 39033 401 49 the the DT 39033 401 50 strength strength NN 39033 401 51 of of IN 39033 401 52 the the DT 39033 401 53 latter latter JJ 39033 401 54 . . . 39033 402 1 Hollow hollow JJ 39033 402 2 shafts shaft NNS 39033 402 3 are be VBP 39033 402 4 also also RB 39033 402 5 stiffer stiff JJR 39033 402 6 and and CC 39033 402 7 yield yield VB 39033 402 8 less less JJR 39033 402 9 to to IN 39033 402 10 bending bend VBG 39033 402 11 action action NN 39033 402 12 than than IN 39033 402 13 solid solid JJ 39033 402 14 shafts shaft NNS 39033 402 15 , , , 39033 402 16 which which WDT 39033 402 17 in in IN 39033 402 18 some some DT 39033 402 19 cases case NNS 39033 402 20 , , , 39033 402 21 as as IN 39033 402 22 in in IN 39033 402 23 propeller propeller NN 39033 402 24 shafts shaft NNS 39033 402 25 , , , 39033 402 26 is be VBZ 39033 402 27 an an DT 39033 402 28 objection objection NN 39033 402 29 . . . 39033 403 1 VI VI NNP 39033 403 2 . . . 39033 404 1 SHAFT shaft JJ 39033 404 2 COUPLINGS COUPLINGS NNPS 39033 404 3 . . . 39033 405 1 For for IN 39033 405 2 convenience convenience NN 39033 405 3 of of IN 39033 405 4 making make VBG 39033 405 5 and and CC 39033 405 6 handling handling NN 39033 405 7 , , , 39033 405 8 shafts shaft NNS 39033 405 9 used use VBN 39033 405 10 for for IN 39033 405 11 transmitting transmit VBG 39033 405 12 power power NN 39033 405 13 are be VBP 39033 405 14 generally generally RB 39033 405 15 made make VBN 39033 405 16 in in IN 39033 405 17 lengths length NNS 39033 405 18 not not RB 39033 405 19 exceeding exceed VBG 39033 405 20 30 30 CD 39033 405 21 feet foot NNS 39033 405 22 . . . 39033 406 1 These these DT 39033 406 2 lengths length NNS 39033 406 3 are be VBP 39033 406 4 connected connect VBN 39033 406 5 by by IN 39033 406 6 couplings coupling NNS 39033 406 7 , , , 39033 406 8 of of IN 39033 406 9 which which WDT 39033 406 10 we -PRON- PRP 39033 406 11 give give VBP 39033 406 12 several several JJ 39033 406 13 examples example NNS 39033 406 14 . . . 39033 407 1 [ [ -LRB- 39033 407 2 Illustration illustration NN 39033 407 3 : : : 39033 407 4 FIGS FIGS NNP 39033 407 5 . . . 39033 408 1 21 21 CD 39033 408 2 and and CC 39033 408 3 22 22 CD 39033 408 4 . . . 39033 408 5 ] ] -RRB- 39033 409 1 _ _ NNP 39033 409 2 Solid Solid NNP 39033 409 3 _ _ NNP 39033 409 4 , , , 39033 409 5 _ _ NNP 39033 409 6 Box Box NNP 39033 409 7 _ _ NNP 39033 409 8 , , , 39033 409 9 or or CC 39033 409 10 _ _ NNP 39033 409 11 Muff Muff NNP 39033 409 12 Couplings._--One Couplings._--One NNP 39033 409 13 form form NN 39033 409 14 of of IN 39033 409 15 box box NN 39033 409 16 coupling coupling NN 39033 409 17 is be VBZ 39033 409 18 shown show VBN 39033 409 19 in in IN 39033 409 20 fig fig NN 39033 409 21 . . . 39033 410 1 21 21 CD 39033 410 2 . . . 39033 411 1 Here here RB 39033 411 2 the the DT 39033 411 3 ends end NNS 39033 411 4 of of IN 39033 411 5 the the DT 39033 411 6 shafts shaft NNS 39033 411 7 to to TO 39033 411 8 be be VB 39033 411 9 connected connect VBN 39033 411 10 butt butt NN 39033 411 11 against against IN 39033 411 12 one one NN 39033 411 13 another another DT 39033 411 14 , , , 39033 411 15 meeting meet VBG 39033 411 16 at at IN 39033 411 17 the the DT 39033 411 18 centre centre NN 39033 411 19 of of IN 39033 411 20 the the DT 39033 411 21 box box NN 39033 411 22 , , , 39033 411 23 which which WDT 39033 411 24 is be VBZ 39033 411 25 made make VBN 39033 411 26 of of IN 39033 411 27 cast cast NN 39033 411 28 iron iron NN 39033 411 29 . . . 39033 412 1 The the DT 39033 412 2 shafts shaft NNS 39033 412 3 are be VBP 39033 412 4 made make VBN 39033 412 5 to to TO 39033 412 6 rotate rotate VB 39033 412 7 as as IN 39033 412 8 one one CD 39033 412 9 by by IN 39033 412 10 being be VBG 39033 412 11 secured secure VBN 39033 412 12 to to IN 39033 412 13 the the DT 39033 412 14 box box NN 39033 412 15 by by IN 39033 412 16 two two CD 39033 412 17 wrought wrought NN 39033 412 18 - - HYPH 39033 412 19 iron iron NN 39033 412 20 or or CC 39033 412 21 steel steel NN 39033 412 22 keys key NNS 39033 412 23 , , , 39033 412 24 both both DT 39033 412 25 driven drive VBN 39033 412 26 from from IN 39033 412 27 the the DT 39033 412 28 same same JJ 39033 412 29 end end NN 39033 412 30 of of IN 39033 412 31 the the DT 39033 412 32 box box NN 39033 412 33 . . . 39033 413 1 A a DT 39033 413 2 clearance clearance NN 39033 413 3 space space NN 39033 413 4 is be VBZ 39033 413 5 left leave VBN 39033 413 6 between between IN 39033 413 7 the the DT 39033 413 8 head head NN 39033 413 9 of of IN 39033 413 10 the the DT 39033 413 11 forward forward JJ 39033 413 12 key key NN 39033 413 13 and and CC 39033 413 14 the the DT 39033 413 15 point point NN 39033 413 16 of of IN 39033 413 17 the the DT 39033 413 18 hind hind NN 39033 413 19 one one NN 39033 413 20 , , , 39033 413 21 to to TO 39033 413 22 facilitate facilitate VB 39033 413 23 the the DT 39033 413 24 driving driving NN 39033 413 25 of of IN 39033 413 26 them -PRON- PRP 39033 413 27 out out RP 39033 413 28 , , , 39033 413 29 as as IN 39033 413 30 then then RB 39033 413 31 only only RB 39033 413 32 one one CD 39033 413 33 key key NN 39033 413 34 needs need VBZ 39033 413 35 to to TO 39033 413 36 be be VB 39033 413 37 started start VBN 39033 413 38 at at IN 39033 413 39 a a DT 39033 413 40 time time NN 39033 413 41 . . . 39033 414 1 Sometimes sometimes RB 39033 414 2 a a DT 39033 414 3 single single JJ 39033 414 4 key key NN 39033 414 5 the the DT 39033 414 6 whole whole JJ 39033 414 7 length length NN 39033 414 8 of of IN 39033 414 9 the the DT 39033 414 10 box box NN 39033 414 11 is be VBZ 39033 414 12 used use VBN 39033 414 13 , , , 39033 414 14 in in IN 39033 414 15 which which WDT 39033 414 16 case case NN 39033 414 17 it -PRON- PRP 39033 414 18 is be VBZ 39033 414 19 necessary necessary JJ 39033 414 20 that that IN 39033 414 21 the the DT 39033 414 22 key key JJ 39033 414 23 ways way NNS 39033 414 24 in in IN 39033 414 25 the the DT 39033 414 26 shafts shaft NNS 39033 414 27 be be VB 39033 414 28 of of IN 39033 414 29 exactly exactly RB 39033 414 30 the the DT 39033 414 31 same same JJ 39033 414 32 depth depth NN 39033 414 33 . . . 39033 415 1 The the DT 39033 415 2 half half JJ 39033 415 3 - - HYPH 39033 415 4 lap lap NN 39033 415 5 coupling coupling NN 39033 415 6 , , , 39033 415 7 introduced introduce VBN 39033 415 8 by by IN 39033 415 9 Sir Sir NNP 39033 415 10 William William NNP 39033 415 11 Fairbairn Fairbairn NNP 39033 415 12 , , , 39033 415 13 is be VBZ 39033 415 14 shown show VBN 39033 415 15 in in IN 39033 415 16 fig fig NN 39033 415 17 . . . 39033 416 1 22 22 CD 39033 416 2 . . . 39033 417 1 In in IN 39033 417 2 this this DT 39033 417 3 form form NN 39033 417 4 of of IN 39033 417 5 box box NN 39033 417 6 coupling couple VBG 39033 417 7 the the DT 39033 417 8 ends end NNS 39033 417 9 of of IN 39033 417 10 the the DT 39033 417 11 shafts shaft NNS 39033 417 12 overlap overlap VBP 39033 417 13 within within IN 39033 417 14 the the DT 39033 417 15 box box NN 39033 417 16 . . . 39033 418 1 It -PRON- PRP 39033 418 2 is be VBZ 39033 418 3 evident evident JJ 39033 418 4 that that IN 39033 418 5 one one CD 39033 418 6 shaft shaft NN 39033 418 7 can can MD 39033 418 8 not not RB 39033 418 9 rotate rotate VB 39033 418 10 without without IN 39033 418 11 the the DT 39033 418 12 other other JJ 39033 418 13 as as RB 39033 418 14 long long RB 39033 418 15 as as IN 39033 418 16 the the DT 39033 418 17 box box NN 39033 418 18 remains remain VBZ 39033 418 19 over over IN 39033 418 20 the the DT 39033 418 21 lap lap NN 39033 418 22 . . . 39033 419 1 To to TO 39033 419 2 keep keep VB 39033 419 3 the the DT 39033 419 4 box box NN 39033 419 5 in in IN 39033 419 6 its -PRON- PRP$ 39033 419 7 place place NN 39033 419 8 it -PRON- PRP 39033 419 9 is be VBZ 39033 419 10 fitted fit VBN 39033 419 11 with with IN 39033 419 12 a a DT 39033 419 13 saddle saddle JJ 39033 419 14 key key NN 39033 419 15 . . . 39033 420 1 It -PRON- PRP 39033 420 2 will will MD 39033 420 3 be be VB 39033 420 4 noticed notice VBN 39033 420 5 that that IN 39033 420 6 the the DT 39033 420 7 lap lap NN 39033 420 8 joint joint NN 39033 420 9 is be VBZ 39033 420 10 sloped slope VBN 39033 420 11 in in IN 39033 420 12 such such PDT 39033 420 13 a a DT 39033 420 14 way way NN 39033 420 15 as as IN 39033 420 16 to to TO 39033 420 17 prevent prevent VB 39033 420 18 the the DT 39033 420 19 two two CD 39033 420 20 lengths length NNS 39033 420 21 of of IN 39033 420 22 shaft shaft NN 39033 420 23 from from IN 39033 420 24 being be VBG 39033 420 25 pulled pull VBN 39033 420 26 asunder asunder RB 39033 420 27 by by IN 39033 420 28 forces force NNS 39033 420 29 acting act VBG 39033 420 30 in in IN 39033 420 31 the the DT 39033 420 32 direction direction NN 39033 420 33 of of IN 39033 420 34 their -PRON- PRP$ 39033 420 35 length length NN 39033 420 36 . . . 39033 421 1 Half half JJ 39033 421 2 - - HYPH 39033 421 3 lap lap NN 39033 421 4 couplings coupling NNS 39033 421 5 are be VBP 39033 421 6 not not RB 39033 421 7 used use VBN 39033 421 8 for for IN 39033 421 9 shafts shaft NNS 39033 421 10 above above IN 39033 421 11 5 5 CD 39033 421 12 inches inch NNS 39033 421 13 in in IN 39033 421 14 diameter diameter NN 39033 421 15 . . . 39033 422 1 It -PRON- PRP 39033 422 2 may may MD 39033 422 3 here here RB 39033 422 4 be be VB 39033 422 5 pointed point VBN 39033 422 6 out out RP 39033 422 7 that that IN 39033 422 8 the the DT 39033 422 9 half half JJ 39033 422 10 - - HYPH 39033 422 11 lap lap NN 39033 422 12 coupling coupling NN 39033 422 13 is be VBZ 39033 422 14 expensive expensive JJ 39033 422 15 to to TO 39033 422 16 make make VB 39033 422 17 , , , 39033 422 18 and and CC 39033 422 19 is be VBZ 39033 422 20 now now RB 39033 422 21 not not RB 39033 422 22 much much RB 39033 422 23 used use VBN 39033 422 24 . . . 39033 423 1 As as IN 39033 423 2 shafts shaft NNS 39033 423 3 are be VBP 39033 423 4 weakened weaken VBN 39033 423 5 by by IN 39033 423 6 cutting cut VBG 39033 423 7 key key JJ 39033 423 8 ways way NNS 39033 423 9 in in IN 39033 423 10 them -PRON- PRP 39033 423 11 , , , 39033 423 12 very very RB 39033 423 13 often often RB 39033 423 14 the the DT 39033 423 15 ends end NNS 39033 423 16 which which WDT 39033 423 17 carry carry VBP 39033 423 18 couplings coupling NNS 39033 423 19 are be VBP 39033 423 20 enlarged enlarge VBN 39033 423 21 in in IN 39033 423 22 diameter diameter NN 39033 423 23 , , , 39033 423 24 as as IN 39033 423 25 shown show VBN 39033 423 26 in in IN 39033 423 27 fig fig NN 39033 423 28 . . . 39033 424 1 21 21 CD 39033 424 2 , , , 39033 424 3 by by IN 39033 424 4 an an DT 39033 424 5 amount amount NN 39033 424 6 equal equal JJ 39033 424 7 to to IN 39033 424 8 the the DT 39033 424 9 thickness thickness NN 39033 424 10 of of IN 39033 424 11 the the DT 39033 424 12 key key NN 39033 424 13 . . . 39033 425 1 An an DT 39033 425 2 objection objection NN 39033 425 3 to to IN 39033 425 4 this this DT 39033 425 5 enlargement enlargement NN 39033 425 6 is be VBZ 39033 425 7 that that IN 39033 425 8 wheels wheel NNS 39033 425 9 and and CC 39033 425 10 pulleys pulley NNS 39033 425 11 require require VBP 39033 425 12 either either CC 39033 425 13 that that IN 39033 425 14 their -PRON- PRP$ 39033 425 15 bosses boss NNS 39033 425 16 be be VB 39033 425 17 bored bore VBN 39033 425 18 out out RP 39033 425 19 large large JJ 39033 425 20 enough enough RB 39033 425 21 to to TO 39033 425 22 pass pass VB 39033 425 23 over over RP 39033 425 24 it -PRON- PRP 39033 425 25 , , , 39033 425 26 or or CC 39033 425 27 that that IN 39033 425 28 they -PRON- PRP 39033 425 29 be be VBP 39033 425 30 split split VBN 39033 425 31 into into IN 39033 425 32 halves half NNS 39033 425 33 , , , 39033 425 34 which which WDT 39033 425 35 are be VBP 39033 425 36 bolted bolt VBN 39033 425 37 together together RB 39033 425 38 after after IN 39033 425 39 being be VBG 39033 425 40 placed place VBN 39033 425 41 on on IN 39033 425 42 the the DT 39033 425 43 shaft shaft NN 39033 425 44 . . . 39033 426 1 _ _ NNP 39033 426 2 Dimensions Dimensions NNPS 39033 426 3 of of IN 39033 426 4 Box Box NNP 39033 426 5 Couplings Couplings NNP 39033 426 6 . . . 39033 426 7 _ _ NNP 39033 426 8 D D NNP 39033 426 9 = = SYM 39033 426 10 diameter diameter NN 39033 426 11 of of IN 39033 426 12 shaft shaft NN 39033 426 13 . . . 39033 427 1 T T NNP 39033 427 2 = = SYM 39033 427 3 thickness thickness NN 39033 427 4 of of IN 39033 427 5 metal metal NN 39033 427 6 in in IN 39033 427 7 box box NN 39033 427 8 . . . 39033 428 1 L l NN 39033 428 2 = = SYM 39033 428 3 length length NN 39033 428 4 of of IN 39033 428 5 box box NN 39033 428 6 for for IN 39033 428 7 butt butt NN 39033 428 8 coupling coupling NN 39033 428 9 . . . 39033 429 1 L_{1 L_{1 NNP 39033 429 2 } } -RRB- 39033 429 3 = = SYM 39033 429 4 length length NN 39033 429 5 of of IN 39033 429 6 box box NN 39033 429 7 for for IN 39033 429 8 lap lap NN 39033 429 9 coupling coupling NN 39033 429 10 . . . 39033 430 1 _ _ NNP 39033 430 2 l l NNP 39033 430 3 _ _ NNP 39033 430 4 = = SYM 39033 430 5 length length NN 39033 430 6 of of IN 39033 430 7 lap lap NN 39033 430 8 . . . 39033 431 1 D_{1 D_{1 NNP 39033 431 2 } } -RRB- 39033 431 3 = = VBZ 39033 431 4 diameter diameter NN 39033 431 5 of of IN 39033 431 6 shaft shaft NN 39033 431 7 at at IN 39033 431 8 lap lap NN 39033 431 9 . . . 39033 432 1 + + NFP 39033 432 2 ---------------------------------------------------------------+ ---------------------------------------------------------------+ NN 39033 432 3 | | NNP 39033 432 4 D D NNP 39033 432 5 | | CD 39033 432 6 1 1 CD 39033 432 7 - - HYPH 39033 432 8 1/2 1/2 CD 39033 432 9 | | CD 39033 432 10 2 2 CD 39033 432 11 | | CD 39033 432 12 2 2 CD 39033 432 13 - - HYPH 39033 432 14 1/2 1/2 CD 39033 432 15 | | CD 39033 432 16 3 3 CD 39033 432 17 | | CD 39033 432 18 3 3 CD 39033 432 19 - - HYPH 39033 432 20 1/2 1/2 CD 39033 432 21 | | CD 39033 432 22 4 4 CD 39033 432 23 | | CD 39033 432 24 + + CC 39033 432 25 -------+--------+--------+---------+-------+----------+--------+ -------+--------+--------+---------+-------+----------+--------+ NN 39033 432 26 | | NNP 39033 432 27 T T NNP 39033 432 28 | | CD 39033 432 29 1 1 CD 39033 432 30 - - HYPH 39033 432 31 1/8 1/8 CD 39033 432 32 | | CD 39033 432 33 1 1 CD 39033 432 34 - - HYPH 39033 432 35 5/16 5/16 CD 39033 432 36 | | CD 39033 432 37 1 1 CD 39033 432 38 - - HYPH 39033 432 39 1/2 1/2 CD 39033 432 40 | | CD 39033 432 41 1 1 CD 39033 432 42 - - HYPH 39033 432 43 3/4 3/4 CD 39033 432 44 | | CD 39033 432 45 1 1 CD 39033 432 46 - - HYPH 39033 432 47 15/16 15/16 CD 39033 432 48 | | CD 39033 432 49 2 2 CD 39033 432 50 - - HYPH 39033 432 51 1/8 1/8 CD 39033 432 52 | | CD 39033 432 53 | | NNP 39033 432 54 L L NNP 39033 432 55 | | CD 39033 432 56 5 5 CD 39033 432 57 - - HYPH 39033 432 58 3/4 3/4 CD 39033 432 59 | | CD 39033 432 60 7 7 CD 39033 432 61 | | CD 39033 432 62 8 8 CD 39033 432 63 - - HYPH 39033 432 64 1/4 1/4 CD 39033 432 65 | | CD 39033 432 66 9 9 CD 39033 432 67 - - HYPH 39033 432 68 1/2 1/2 CD 39033 432 69 | | CD 39033 432 70 10 10 CD 39033 432 71 - - HYPH 39033 432 72 3/4 3/4 CD 39033 432 73 | | CD 39033 432 74 12 12 CD 39033 432 75 | | CD 39033 432 76 | | NNP 39033 432 77 L_{1 L_{1 NNP 39033 432 78 } } -RRB- 39033 432 79 | | NNP 39033 432 80 4 4 CD 39033 432 81 - - HYPH 39033 432 82 1/8 1/8 CD 39033 432 83 | | CD 39033 432 84 5 5 CD 39033 432 85 - - HYPH 39033 432 86 1/4 1/4 CD 39033 432 87 | | CD 39033 432 88 6 6 CD 39033 432 89 - - HYPH 39033 432 90 3/8 3/8 CD 39033 432 91 | | CD 39033 432 92 7 7 CD 39033 432 93 - - HYPH 39033 432 94 1/2 1/2 CD 39033 432 95 | | CD 39033 432 96 8 8 CD 39033 432 97 - - SYM 39033 432 98 5/8 5/8 CD 39033 432 99 | | CD 39033 432 100 9 9 CD 39033 432 101 - - HYPH 39033 432 102 3/4 3/4 CD 39033 432 103 | | HYPH 39033 432 104 | | NNP 39033 432 105 _ _ NNP 39033 432 106 l l NNP 39033 432 107 _ _ NNP 39033 432 108 | | NNP 39033 432 109 1 1 CD 39033 432 110 - - HYPH 39033 432 111 7/16 7/16 CD 39033 432 112 | | CD 39033 432 113 1 1 CD 39033 432 114 - - HYPH 39033 432 115 7/8 7/8 CD 39033 432 116 | | CD 39033 432 117 2 2 CD 39033 432 118 - - HYPH 39033 432 119 5/16 5/16 CD 39033 432 120 | | CD 39033 432 121 2 2 CD 39033 432 122 - - HYPH 39033 432 123 3/4 3/4 CD 39033 432 124 | | CD 39033 432 125 3 3 CD 39033 432 126 - - HYPH 39033 432 127 3/16 3/16 CD 39033 432 128 | | CD 39033 432 129 3 3 CD 39033 432 130 - - HYPH 39033 432 131 5/8 5/8 CD 39033 432 132 | | CD 39033 432 133 | | NNP 39033 432 134 D_{2 D_{2 NNP 39033 432 135 } } -RRB- 39033 432 136 | | CD 39033 432 137 2 2 CD 39033 432 138 - - HYPH 39033 432 139 5/16 5/16 CD 39033 432 140 | | CD 39033 432 141 3 3 CD 39033 432 142 | | CD 39033 432 143 3 3 CD 39033 432 144 - - HYPH 39033 432 145 11/16 11/16 CD 39033 432 146 | | CD 39033 432 147 4 4 CD 39033 432 148 - - SYM 39033 432 149 3/8 3/8 CD 39033 432 150 | | CD 39033 432 151 5 5 CD 39033 432 152 - - HYPH 39033 432 153 1/16 1/16 CD 39033 432 154 | | CD 39033 432 155 5 5 CD 39033 432 156 - - HYPH 39033 432 157 3/4 3/4 CD 39033 432 158 | | CD 39033 432 159 + + NNS 39033 432 160 ---------------------------------------------------------------+ ---------------------------------------------------------------+ NN 39033 432 161 + + CC 39033 432 162 ----------------------------------------------+ ----------------------------------------------+ NN 39033 432 163 | | NNP 39033 432 164 D D NNP 39033 432 165 | | CD 39033 432 166 4 4 CD 39033 432 167 - - HYPH 39033 432 168 1/2 1/2 CD 39033 432 169 | | CD 39033 432 170 5 5 CD 39033 432 171 | | CD 39033 432 172 5 5 CD 39033 432 173 - - HYPH 39033 432 174 1/2 1/2 CD 39033 432 175 | | CD 39033 432 176 6 6 CD 39033 432 177 | | CD 39033 432 178 + + CC 39033 432 179 -------+---------+--------+--------+----------+ -------+---------+--------+--------+----------+ NN 39033 432 180 | | NNP 39033 432 181 T T NNP 39033 432 182 | | CD 39033 432 183 2 2 CD 39033 432 184 - - HYPH 39033 432 185 5/16 5/16 CD 39033 432 186 | | CD 39033 432 187 2 2 CD 39033 432 188 - - HYPH 39033 432 189 1/2 1/2 CD 39033 432 190 | | CD 39033 432 191 2 2 CD 39033 432 192 - - HYPH 39033 432 193 3/4 3/4 CD 39033 432 194 | | CD 39033 432 195 2 2 CD 39033 432 196 - - HYPH 39033 432 197 15/16 15/16 CD 39033 432 198 | | CD 39033 432 199 | | NNP 39033 432 200 L L NNP 39033 432 201 | | CD 39033 432 202 13 13 CD 39033 432 203 - - HYPH 39033 432 204 1/4 1/4 CD 39033 432 205 | | CD 39033 432 206 14 14 CD 39033 432 207 - - HYPH 39033 432 208 1/2 1/2 CD 39033 432 209 | | CD 39033 432 210 15 15 CD 39033 432 211 - - HYPH 39033 432 212 3/4 3/4 CD 39033 432 213 | | CD 39033 432 214 17 17 CD 39033 432 215 | | CD 39033 432 216 | | NNP 39033 432 217 L_{1 L_{1 NNP 39033 432 218 } } -RRB- 39033 432 219 | | NNP 39033 432 220 10 10 CD 39033 432 221 - - HYPH 39033 432 222 7/8 7/8 CD 39033 432 223 | | CD 39033 432 224 12 12 CD 39033 432 225 | | CD 39033 432 226 -- -- : 39033 432 227 | | NNP 39033 432 228 -- -- : 39033 432 229 | | CD 39033 432 230 | | NNP 39033 432 231 _ _ NNP 39033 432 232 l l NNP 39033 432 233 _ _ NNP 39033 432 234 | | NNP 39033 432 235 4 4 CD 39033 432 236 - - HYPH 39033 432 237 1/16 1/16 CD 39033 432 238 | | CD 39033 432 239 4 4 CD 39033 432 240 - - HYPH 39033 432 241 1/2 1/2 CD 39033 432 242 | | CD 39033 432 243 -- -- : 39033 432 244 | | NNP 39033 432 245 -- -- : 39033 432 246 | | CD 39033 432 247 | | NNP 39033 432 248 D_{2 D_{2 NNP 39033 432 249 } } -RRB- 39033 432 250 | | NNP 39033 432 251 6 6 CD 39033 432 252 - - HYPH 39033 432 253 7/16 7/16 CD 39033 432 254 | | CD 39033 432 255 7 7 CD 39033 432 256 - - HYPH 39033 432 257 1/8 1/8 CD 39033 432 258 | | CD 39033 432 259 -- -- : 39033 432 260 | | NNP 39033 432 261 -- -- : 39033 432 262 | | CD 39033 432 263 + + SYM 39033 432 264 ----------------------------------------------+ ----------------------------------------------+ IN 39033 432 265 Slope Slope NNP 39033 432 266 of of IN 39033 432 267 lap lap NNP 39033 432 268 1 1 CD 39033 432 269 in in IN 39033 432 270 12 12 CD 39033 432 271 . . . 39033 433 1 EXERCISE EXERCISE NNP 39033 433 2 20 20 CD 39033 433 3 : : : 39033 433 4 _ _ NNP 39033 433 5 Solid Solid NNP 39033 433 6 Butt Butt NNP 39033 433 7 Coupling._--From coupling._--from IN 39033 433 8 the the DT 39033 433 9 above above JJ 39033 433 10 table table NN 39033 433 11 of of IN 39033 433 12 dimensions dimension NNS 39033 433 13 make make VBP 39033 433 14 a a DT 39033 433 15 longitudinal longitudinal JJ 39033 433 16 and and CC 39033 433 17 a a DT 39033 433 18 transverse transverse JJ 39033 433 19 section section NN 39033 433 20 of of IN 39033 433 21 a a DT 39033 433 22 solid solid JJ 39033 433 23 butt butt NN 39033 433 24 coupling couple VBG 39033 433 25 for for IN 39033 433 26 a a DT 39033 433 27 shaft shaft NN 39033 433 28 2 2 CD 39033 433 29 - - HYPH 39033 433 30 1/2 1/2 CD 39033 433 31 inches inch NNS 39033 433 32 in in IN 39033 433 33 diameter diameter NN 39033 433 34 . . . 39033 434 1 Scale scale NN 39033 434 2 6 6 CD 39033 434 3 inches inch NNS 39033 434 4 to to IN 39033 434 5 a a DT 39033 434 6 foot foot NN 39033 434 7 . . . 39033 435 1 EXERCISE EXERCISE NNP 39033 435 2 21 21 CD 39033 435 3 : : : 39033 435 4 _ _ NNP 39033 435 5 Fairbairn Fairbairn NNP 39033 435 6 's 's POS 39033 435 7 Half Half NNP 39033 435 8 - - HYPH 39033 435 9 Lap lap NN 39033 435 10 Coupling._--Make coupling._--make NN 39033 435 11 the the DT 39033 435 12 same same JJ 39033 435 13 views view NNS 39033 435 14 as as IN 39033 435 15 in in IN 39033 435 16 the the DT 39033 435 17 last last JJ 39033 435 18 exercise exercise NN 39033 435 19 of of IN 39033 435 20 a a DT 39033 435 21 half half JJ 39033 435 22 - - HYPH 39033 435 23 lap lap NN 39033 435 24 coupling coupling NN 39033 435 25 for for IN 39033 435 26 a a DT 39033 435 27 3-inch 3-inch CD 39033 435 28 shaft shaft NN 39033 435 29 to to IN 39033 435 30 the the DT 39033 435 31 dimensions dimension NNS 39033 435 32 in in IN 39033 435 33 the the DT 39033 435 34 above above JJ 39033 435 35 table table NN 39033 435 36 . . . 39033 436 1 Scale scale NN 39033 436 2 6 6 CD 39033 436 3 inches inch NNS 39033 436 4 to to IN 39033 436 5 a a DT 39033 436 6 foot foot NN 39033 436 7 . . . 39033 437 1 _ _ NNP 39033 437 2 Flange Flange NNP 39033 437 3 Couplings._--The couplings._--the CD 39033 437 4 form form NN 39033 437 5 of of IN 39033 437 6 coupling coupling NN 39033 437 7 used use VBN 39033 437 8 for for IN 39033 437 9 the the DT 39033 437 10 shafts shaft NNS 39033 437 11 of of IN 39033 437 12 marine marine JJ 39033 437 13 engines engine NNS 39033 437 14 is be VBZ 39033 437 15 shown show VBN 39033 437 16 in in IN 39033 437 17 fig fig NN 39033 437 18 . . . 39033 438 1 23 23 CD 39033 438 2 . . . 39033 439 1 The the DT 39033 439 2 ends end NNS 39033 439 3 of of IN 39033 439 4 the the DT 39033 439 5 different different JJ 39033 439 6 lengths length NNS 39033 439 7 of of IN 39033 439 8 shaft shaft NN 39033 439 9 have have VBP 39033 439 10 flanges flange NNS 39033 439 11 forged forge VBN 39033 439 12 on on IN 39033 439 13 them -PRON- PRP 39033 439 14 , , , 39033 439 15 which which WDT 39033 439 16 are be VBP 39033 439 17 turned turn VBN 39033 439 18 along along RP 39033 439 19 with with IN 39033 439 20 the the DT 39033 439 21 shaft shaft NN 39033 439 22 . . . 39033 440 1 These these DT 39033 440 2 flanges flange NNS 39033 440 3 butt butt VBP 39033 440 4 against against IN 39033 440 5 one one NN 39033 440 6 another another DT 39033 440 7 , , , 39033 440 8 and and CC 39033 440 9 are be VBP 39033 440 10 connected connect VBN 39033 440 11 by by IN 39033 440 12 bolts bolt NNS 39033 440 13 . . . 39033 441 1 These these DT 39033 441 2 bolts bolt NNS 39033 441 3 may may MD 39033 441 4 be be VB 39033 441 5 parallel parallel JJ 39033 441 6 or or CC 39033 441 7 tapered tapered JJ 39033 441 8 ; ; : 39033 441 9 generally generally RB 39033 441 10 they -PRON- PRP 39033 441 11 are be VBP 39033 441 12 tapered tapered JJ 39033 441 13 . . . 39033 442 1 A a DT 39033 442 2 parallel parallel JJ 39033 442 3 bolt bolt NN 39033 442 4 must must MD 39033 442 5 have have VB 39033 442 6 a a DT 39033 442 7 head head NN 39033 442 8 , , , 39033 442 9 but but CC 39033 442 10 a a DT 39033 442 11 tapered tapered JJ 39033 442 12 bolt bolt NN 39033 442 13 will will MD 39033 442 14 act act VB 39033 442 15 without without IN 39033 442 16 one one CD 39033 442 17 . . . 39033 443 1 In in IN 39033 443 2 fig fig NN 39033 443 3 . . . 39033 444 1 23 23 CD 39033 444 2 the the DT 39033 444 3 bolts bolt NNS 39033 444 4 are be VBP 39033 444 5 tapered taper VBN 39033 444 6 , , , 39033 444 7 and and CC 39033 444 8 also also RB 39033 444 9 provided provide VBN 39033 444 10 with with IN 39033 444 11 heads head NNS 39033 444 12 . . . 39033 445 1 In in IN 39033 445 2 fig fig NN 39033 445 3 . . . 39033 446 1 14 14 CD 39033 446 2 , , , 39033 446 3 page page NN 39033 446 4 17 17 CD 39033 446 5 , , , 39033 446 6 is be VBZ 39033 446 7 shown show VBN 39033 446 8 a a DT 39033 446 9 tapered tapered JJ 39033 446 10 bolt bolt NN 39033 446 11 without without IN 39033 446 12 a a DT 39033 446 13 head head NN 39033 446 14 . . . 39033 447 1 The the DT 39033 447 2 variation variation NN 39033 447 3 of of IN 39033 447 4 diameter diameter NN 39033 447 5 in in IN 39033 447 6 tapered taper VBN 39033 447 7 bolts bolt NNS 39033 447 8 is be VBZ 39033 447 9 3/8 3/8 CD 39033 447 10 of of IN 39033 447 11 an an DT 39033 447 12 inch inch NN 39033 447 13 per per IN 39033 447 14 foot foot NN 39033 447 15 of of IN 39033 447 16 length length NN 39033 447 17 . . . 39033 448 1 [ [ -LRB- 39033 448 2 Illustration illustration NN 39033 448 3 : : : 39033 448 4 FIG FIG NNP 39033 448 5 . . . 39033 449 1 23 23 CD 39033 449 2 . . . 39033 449 3 ] ] -RRB- 39033 450 1 Sometimes sometimes RB 39033 450 2 a a DT 39033 450 3 projection projection NN 39033 450 4 is be VBZ 39033 450 5 formed form VBN 39033 450 6 on on IN 39033 450 7 the the DT 39033 450 8 centre centre NN 39033 450 9 of of IN 39033 450 10 one one CD 39033 450 11 flange flange NN 39033 450 12 which which WDT 39033 450 13 fits fit VBZ 39033 450 14 into into IN 39033 450 15 a a DT 39033 450 16 corresponding correspond VBG 39033 450 17 recess recess NN 39033 450 18 in in IN 39033 450 19 the the DT 39033 450 20 centre centre NN 39033 450 21 of of IN 39033 450 22 the the DT 39033 450 23 other other JJ 39033 450 24 , , , 39033 450 25 for for IN 39033 450 26 the the DT 39033 450 27 purpose purpose NN 39033 450 28 of of IN 39033 450 29 ensuring ensure VBG 39033 450 30 the the DT 39033 450 31 shafts shaft NNS 39033 450 32 being be VBG 39033 450 33 in in IN 39033 450 34 line line NN 39033 450 35 . . . 39033 451 1 Occasionally occasionally RB 39033 451 2 a a DT 39033 451 3 cross cross JJ 39033 451 4 - - JJ 39033 451 5 key key JJ 39033 451 6 is be VBZ 39033 451 7 fitted fit VBN 39033 451 8 in in IN 39033 451 9 between between IN 39033 451 10 the the DT 39033 451 11 flanges flange NNS 39033 451 12 , , , 39033 451 13 being be VBG 39033 451 14 sunk sink VBN 39033 451 15 half half NN 39033 451 16 into into IN 39033 451 17 each each DT 39033 451 18 , , , 39033 451 19 for for IN 39033 451 20 the the DT 39033 451 21 purpose purpose NN 39033 451 22 of of IN 39033 451 23 diminishing diminish VBG 39033 451 24 the the DT 39033 451 25 shearing shear VBG 39033 451 26 action action NN 39033 451 27 on on IN 39033 451 28 the the DT 39033 451 29 bolts bolt NNS 39033 451 30 . . . 39033 452 1 EXERCISE EXERCISE NNP 39033 452 2 22 22 CD 39033 452 3 : : : 39033 452 4 _ _ NNP 39033 452 5 Marine Marine NNP 39033 452 6 Coupling._--Draw Coupling._--Draw VBD 39033 452 7 the the DT 39033 452 8 elevation elevation NN 39033 452 9 and and CC 39033 452 10 section section NN 39033 452 11 of of IN 39033 452 12 the the DT 39033 452 13 coupling coupling NN 39033 452 14 shown show VBN 39033 452 15 in in IN 39033 452 16 fig fig NN 39033 452 17 . . . 39033 453 1 23 23 CD 39033 453 2 ; ; : 39033 453 3 also also RB 39033 453 4 an an DT 39033 453 5 elevation elevation NN 39033 453 6 looking look VBG 39033 453 7 in in IN 39033 453 8 the the DT 39033 453 9 direction direction NN 39033 453 10 of of IN 39033 453 11 the the DT 39033 453 12 arrow arrow NN 39033 453 13 . . . 39033 454 1 Scale scale NN 39033 454 2 3 3 CD 39033 454 3 inches inch NNS 39033 454 4 to to IN 39033 454 5 a a DT 39033 454 6 foot foot NN 39033 454 7 . . . 39033 455 1 The the DT 39033 455 2 following follow VBG 39033 455 3 table table NN 39033 455 4 gives give VBZ 39033 455 5 the the DT 39033 455 6 dimensions dimension NNS 39033 455 7 of of IN 39033 455 8 a a DT 39033 455 9 few few JJ 39033 455 10 marine marine JJ 39033 455 11 couplings coupling NNS 39033 455 12 taken take VBN 39033 455 13 from from IN 39033 455 14 actual actual JJ 39033 455 15 practice practice NN 39033 455 16 . . . 39033 456 1 _ _ NNP 39033 456 2 Examples Examples NNP 39033 456 3 of of IN 39033 456 4 Marine Marine NNP 39033 456 5 Couplings Couplings NNPS 39033 456 6 . . . 39033 456 7 _ _ NNP 39033 456 8 + + CC 39033 456 9 --------------------------------------------------------------------+ --------------------------------------------------------------------+ NNP 39033 456 10 | | NNP 39033 456 11 Diameter Diameter NNP 39033 456 12 of of IN 39033 456 13 shaft shaft NN 39033 456 14 |2 |2 CD 39033 456 15 - - : 39033 456 16 3/8 3/8 CD 39033 456 17 | | CD 39033 456 18 9 9 CD 39033 456 19 - - HYPH 39033 456 20 3/4 3/4 CD 39033 456 21 | | CD 39033 456 22 12 12 CD 39033 456 23 - - SYM 39033 456 24 7/8 7/8 CD 39033 456 25 |16 |16 CD 39033 456 26 - - HYPH 39033 456 27 1/2 1/2 CD 39033 456 28 | | CD 39033 456 29 22 22 CD 39033 456 30 - - HYPH 39033 456 31 1/2 1/2 CD 39033 456 32 | | CD 39033 456 33 23 23 CD 39033 456 34 | | CD 39033 456 35 + + SYM 39033 456 36 --------------------+------+-------+--------+-------+--------+------+ --------------------+------+-------+--------+-------+--------+------+ . 39033 456 37 |Diameter |diameter NN 39033 456 38 of of IN 39033 456 39 flange flange JJ 39033 456 40 | | NNP 39033 456 41 6 6 CD 39033 456 42 | | CD 39033 456 43 19 19 CD 39033 456 44 | | CD 39033 456 45 24 24 CD 39033 456 46 | | CD 39033 456 47 32 32 CD 39033 456 48 | | CD 39033 456 49 35 35 CD 39033 456 50 | | CD 39033 456 51 38 38 CD 39033 456 52 | | CD 39033 456 53 |Thickness |thicknes NNS 39033 456 54 of of IN 39033 456 55 flange flange JJ 39033 456 56 | | NNP 39033 456 57 1 1 CD 39033 456 58 | | CD 39033 456 59 2 2 CD 39033 456 60 - - HYPH 39033 456 61 3/4 3/4 CD 39033 456 62 | | CD 39033 456 63 3 3 CD 39033 456 64 - - HYPH 39033 456 65 1/8 1/8 CD 39033 456 66 | | CD 39033 456 67 4 4 CD 39033 456 68 - - HYPH 39033 456 69 1/4 1/4 CD 39033 456 70 | | CD 39033 456 71 6 6 CD 39033 456 72 | | CD 39033 456 73 5 5 CD 39033 456 74 | | CD 39033 456 75 |Diameter |Diameter NNS 39033 456 76 of of IN 39033 456 77 bolts bolt NNS 39033 456 78 | | CD 39033 456 79 3/4 3/4 CD 39033 456 80 | | CD 39033 456 81 2 2 CD 39033 456 82 - - HYPH 39033 456 83 3/4 3/4 CD 39033 456 84 | | CD 39033 456 85 2 2 CD 39033 456 86 - - SYM 39033 456 87 11/16| 11/16| CD 39033 456 88 3 3 CD 39033 456 89 - - HYPH 39033 456 90 1/2 1/2 CD 39033 456 91 | | CD 39033 456 92 4 4 CD 39033 456 93 - - HYPH 39033 456 94 1/4 1/4 CD 39033 456 95 | | CD 39033 456 96 4 4 CD 39033 456 97 - - HYPH 39033 456 98 1/4| 1/4| CD 39033 456 99 |Number |Number NNS 39033 456 100 of of IN 39033 456 101 bolts bolt NNS 39033 456 102 | | NNP 39033 456 103 3 3 CD 39033 456 104 | | CD 39033 456 105 6 6 CD 39033 456 106 | | CD 39033 456 107 6 6 CD 39033 456 108 | | CD 39033 456 109 8 8 CD 39033 456 110 | | CD 39033 456 111 9 9 CD 39033 456 112 | | CD 39033 456 113 8 8 CD 39033 456 114 | | CD 39033 456 115 |Diameter |Diameter NNS 39033 456 116 of of IN 39033 456 117 bolt bolt NNP 39033 456 118 | | NNP 39033 456 119 | | NNP 39033 456 120 | | CD 39033 456 121 | | CD 39033 456 122 | | CD 39033 456 123 | | CD 39033 456 124 | | CD 39033 456 125 | | CD 39033 456 126 circle circle NN 39033 456 127 |4 |4 . 39033 456 128 - - HYPH 39033 456 129 1/8 1/8 CD 39033 456 130 | | CD 39033 456 131 14 14 CD 39033 456 132 - - HYPH 39033 456 133 1/8|18 1/8|18 CD 39033 456 134 - - HYPH 39033 456 135 13/16| 13/16| CD 39033 456 136 25 25 CD 39033 456 137 | | CD 39033 456 138 28 28 CD 39033 456 139 - - HYPH 39033 456 140 3/4 3/4 CD 39033 456 141 |30 |30 CD 39033 456 142 - - HYPH 39033 456 143 3/8| 3/8| NNS 39033 456 144 + + SYM 39033 456 145 --------------------------------------------------------------------+ --------------------------------------------------------------------+ . 39033 456 146 All all PDT 39033 456 147 the the DT 39033 456 148 above above JJ 39033 456 149 dimensions dimension NNS 39033 456 150 are be VBP 39033 456 151 in in IN 39033 456 152 inches inch NNS 39033 456 153 . . . 39033 457 1 EXERCISE EXERCISE NNP 39033 457 2 23.--Select 23.--select CD 39033 457 3 one one CD 39033 457 4 of of IN 39033 457 5 the the DT 39033 457 6 couplings coupling NNS 39033 457 7 from from IN 39033 457 8 the the DT 39033 457 9 above above JJ 39033 457 10 table table NN 39033 457 11 , , , 39033 457 12 and and CC 39033 457 13 make make VB 39033 457 14 the the DT 39033 457 15 necessary necessary JJ 39033 457 16 working work VBG 39033 457 17 drawings drawing NNS 39033 457 18 for for IN 39033 457 19 it -PRON- PRP 39033 457 20 to to IN 39033 457 21 a a DT 39033 457 22 suitable suitable JJ 39033 457 23 scale scale NN 39033 457 24 . . . 39033 458 1 The the DT 39033 458 2 cast cast NN 39033 458 3 - - HYPH 39033 458 4 iron iron NN 39033 458 5 flange flange NN 39033 458 6 coupling coupling NN 39033 458 7 is be VBZ 39033 458 8 shown show VBN 39033 458 9 in in IN 39033 458 10 fig fig NN 39033 458 11 . . . 39033 459 1 24 24 CD 39033 459 2 . . . 39033 460 1 In in IN 39033 460 2 this this DT 39033 460 3 kind kind NN 39033 460 4 of of IN 39033 460 5 coupling couple VBG 39033 460 6 a a DT 39033 460 7 cast cast NN 39033 460 8 - - HYPH 39033 460 9 iron iron NN 39033 460 10 centre centre NN 39033 460 11 or or CC 39033 460 12 boss boss NN 39033 460 13 provided provide VBN 39033 460 14 with with IN 39033 460 15 a a DT 39033 460 16 flange flange NN 39033 460 17 is be VBZ 39033 460 18 secured secure VBN 39033 460 19 to to IN 39033 460 20 the the DT 39033 460 21 end end NN 39033 460 22 of of IN 39033 460 23 each each DT 39033 460 24 shaft shaft NN 39033 460 25 by by IN 39033 460 26 a a DT 39033 460 27 sunk sink VBN 39033 460 28 key key NN 39033 460 29 driven drive VBN 39033 460 30 from from IN 39033 460 31 the the DT 39033 460 32 face face NN 39033 460 33 of of IN 39033 460 34 the the DT 39033 460 35 flange flange NN 39033 460 36 . . . 39033 461 1 These these DT 39033 461 2 flanges flange NNS 39033 461 3 are be VBP 39033 461 4 then then RB 39033 461 5 connected connect VBN 39033 461 6 by by IN 39033 461 7 bolts bolt NNS 39033 461 8 and and CC 39033 461 9 nuts nut NNS 39033 461 10 as as IN 39033 461 11 in in IN 39033 461 12 the the DT 39033 461 13 marine marine JJ 39033 461 14 coupling coupling NN 39033 461 15 . . . 39033 462 1 To to TO 39033 462 2 ensure ensure VB 39033 462 3 the the DT 39033 462 4 shafts shaft NNS 39033 462 5 being be VBG 39033 462 6 in in IN 39033 462 7 line line NN 39033 462 8 the the DT 39033 462 9 end end NN 39033 462 10 of of IN 39033 462 11 one one CD 39033 462 12 projects project NNS 39033 462 13 into into IN 39033 462 14 the the DT 39033 462 15 flange flange NN 39033 462 16 of of IN 39033 462 17 the the DT 39033 462 18 other other JJ 39033 462 19 . . . 39033 463 1 In in IN 39033 463 2 order order NN 39033 463 3 that that IN 39033 463 4 the the DT 39033 463 5 face face NN 39033 463 6 of of IN 39033 463 7 each each DT 39033 463 8 flange flange NN 39033 463 9 may may MD 39033 463 10 be be VB 39033 463 11 exactly exactly RB 39033 463 12 perpendicular perpendicular JJ 39033 463 13 to to IN 39033 463 14 the the DT 39033 463 15 axis axi NNS 39033 463 16 of of IN 39033 463 17 the the DT 39033 463 18 shaft shaft NN 39033 463 19 they -PRON- PRP 39033 463 20 should should MD 39033 463 21 be be VB 39033 463 22 ' ' `` 39033 463 23 faced face VBN 39033 463 24 ' ' '' 39033 463 25 in in IN 39033 463 26 the the DT 39033 463 27 lathe lathe NN 39033 463 28 , , , 39033 463 29 after after IN 39033 463 30 being be VBG 39033 463 31 keyed key VBN 39033 463 32 on on IN 39033 463 33 to to IN 39033 463 34 the the DT 39033 463 35 shaft shaft NN 39033 463 36 . . . 39033 464 1 If if IN 39033 464 2 the the DT 39033 464 3 coupling coupling NN 39033 464 4 is be VBZ 39033 464 5 in in IN 39033 464 6 an an DT 39033 464 7 exposed expose VBN 39033 464 8 position position NN 39033 464 9 , , , 39033 464 10 where where WRB 39033 464 11 the the DT 39033 464 12 nuts nut NNS 39033 464 13 and and CC 39033 464 14 bolt bolt NN 39033 464 15 - - HYPH 39033 464 16 heads head NNS 39033 464 17 would would MD 39033 464 18 be be VB 39033 464 19 liable liable JJ 39033 464 20 to to TO 39033 464 21 catch catch VB 39033 464 22 the the DT 39033 464 23 clothes clothe NNS 39033 464 24 of of IN 39033 464 25 workmen workman NNS 39033 464 26 or or CC 39033 464 27 an an DT 39033 464 28 idle idle JJ 39033 464 29 driving driving NN 39033 464 30 band band NN 39033 464 31 which which WDT 39033 464 32 might may MD 39033 464 33 come come VB 39033 464 34 in in IN 39033 464 35 the the DT 39033 464 36 way way NN 39033 464 37 , , , 39033 464 38 the the DT 39033 464 39 flanges flange NNS 39033 464 40 should should MD 39033 464 41 be be VB 39033 464 42 made make VBN 39033 464 43 thicker thick JJR 39033 464 44 , , , 39033 464 45 and and CC 39033 464 46 be be VB 39033 464 47 provided provide VBN 39033 464 48 with with IN 39033 464 49 recesses recess NNS 39033 464 50 for for IN 39033 464 51 the the DT 39033 464 52 nuts nut NNS 39033 464 53 and and CC 39033 464 54 bolt bolt NN 39033 464 55 - - HYPH 39033 464 56 heads head NNS 39033 464 57 . . . 39033 465 1 [ [ -LRB- 39033 465 2 Illustration illustration NN 39033 465 3 : : : 39033 465 4 FIG FIG NNP 39033 465 5 . . . 39033 466 1 24 24 CD 39033 466 2 . . . 39033 466 3 ] ] -RRB- 39033 467 1 _ _ NNP 39033 467 2 Dimensions Dimensions NNPS 39033 467 3 of of IN 39033 467 4 Cast Cast NNP 39033 467 5 - - HYPH 39033 467 6 iron iron NN 39033 467 7 Flange Flange NNP 39033 467 8 Couplings Couplings NNP 39033 467 9 . . . 39033 467 10 _ _ NNP 39033 467 11 + + CC 39033 467 12 --------------------------------------------------------------------+ --------------------------------------------------------------------+ NN 39033 467 13 | | NNP 39033 467 14 |Diameter| |diameter| JJ 39033 467 15 | | CD 39033 467 16 |Depth |depth NN 39033 467 17 | | CD 39033 467 18 |Diameter|Diameter| |diameter|diameter| CD 39033 467 19 |Diameter| |diameter| NN 39033 467 20 of of IN 39033 467 21 |Thickness|Diameter| |thickness|diameter| NN 39033 467 22 at at IN 39033 467 23 |Number| |Number| NNP 39033 467 24 of of IN 39033 467 25 | | NNP 39033 467 26 of of IN 39033 467 27 bolt| bolt| -LRB- 39033 467 28 |of |of CD 39033 467 29 shaft| shaft| CD 39033 467 30 flange flange NN 39033 467 31 |of |of NNP 39033 467 32 flange| flange| NNPS 39033 467 33 of of IN 39033 467 34 boss| boss| NNP 39033 467 35 boss boss NNP 39033 467 36 | | NNP 39033 467 37 of of IN 39033 467 38 | | CD 39033 467 39 bolts bolt NNS 39033 467 40 | | CD 39033 467 41 circle circle NN 39033 467 42 | | CD 39033 467 43 | | NNP 39033 467 44 D D NNP 39033 467 45 | | NNP 39033 467 46 F F NNP 39033 467 47 | | NNP 39033 467 48 T T NNP 39033 467 49 | | NNP 39033 467 50 B B NNP 39033 467 51 | | NNP 39033 467 52 L L NNP 39033 467 53 | | NNP 39033 467 54 bolts| bolts| NNP 39033 467 55 d d NNP 39033 467 56 | | NNP 39033 467 57 C C NNP 39033 467 58 | | CD 39033 467 59 + + CC 39033 467 60 --------|--------|---------|--------|------|------|--------|--------+ --------|--------|---------|--------|------|------|--------|--------+ HYPH 39033 467 61 | | CD 39033 467 62 1 1 CD 39033 467 63 - - HYPH 39033 467 64 1/2 1/2 CD 39033 467 65 | | CD 39033 467 66 7 7 CD 39033 467 67 - - HYPH 39033 467 68 1/4 1/4 CD 39033 467 69 | | CD 39033 467 70 7/8 7/8 CD 39033 467 71 | | CD 39033 467 72 3 3 CD 39033 467 73 - - SYM 39033 467 74 1/2 1/2 CD 39033 467 75 |2 |2 CD 39033 467 76 - - : 39033 467 77 5/8 5/8 CD 39033 467 78 | | CD 39033 467 79 3 3 CD 39033 467 80 |5/8 |5/8 CD 39033 467 81 | | CD 39033 467 82 5 5 CD 39033 467 83 - - HYPH 39033 467 84 1/2 1/2 CD 39033 467 85 | | CD 39033 467 86 | | CD 39033 467 87 2 2 CD 39033 467 88 | | CD 39033 467 89 8 8 CD 39033 467 90 - - SYM 39033 467 91 7/8 7/8 CD 39033 467 92 | | CD 39033 467 93 1 1 CD 39033 467 94 - - HYPH 39033 467 95 1/16 1/16 CD 39033 467 96 | | CD 39033 467 97 4 4 CD 39033 467 98 - - SYM 39033 467 99 3/8 3/8 CD 39033 467 100 |3 |3 NNP 39033 467 101 - - : 39033 467 102 3/16| 3/16| CD 39033 467 103 4 4 CD 39033 467 104 | | CD 39033 467 105 3/4| 3/4| CD 39033 467 106 6 6 CD 39033 467 107 - - HYPH 39033 467 108 3/4 3/4 CD 39033 467 109 | | CD 39033 467 110 | | CD 39033 467 111 2 2 CD 39033 467 112 - - HYPH 39033 467 113 1/2 1/2 CD 39033 467 114 | | CD 39033 467 115 10 10 CD 39033 467 116 - - HYPH 39033 467 117 5/8 5/8 CD 39033 467 118 | | CD 39033 467 119 1 1 CD 39033 467 120 - - HYPH 39033 467 121 1/4 1/4 CD 39033 467 122 | | CD 39033 467 123 5 5 CD 39033 467 124 - - SYM 39033 467 125 5/16 5/16 CD 39033 467 126 |3 |3 CD 39033 467 127 - - HYPH 39033 467 128 3/4 3/4 CD 39033 467 129 | | CD 39033 467 130 4 4 CD 39033 467 131 |7/8 |7/8 CD 39033 467 132 | | CD 39033 467 133 8 8 CD 39033 467 134 - - HYPH 39033 467 135 1/8 1/8 CD 39033 467 136 | | CD 39033 467 137 | | CD 39033 467 138 3 3 CD 39033 467 139 | | CD 39033 467 140 12 12 CD 39033 467 141 - - SYM 39033 467 142 3/8 3/8 CD 39033 467 143 | | CD 39033 467 144 1 1 CD 39033 467 145 - - HYPH 39033 467 146 7/16 7/16 CD 39033 467 147 | | CD 39033 467 148 6 6 CD 39033 467 149 - - HYPH 39033 467 150 1/4 1/4 CD 39033 467 151 |4 |4 CD 39033 467 152 - - : 39033 467 153 5/16| 5/16| CD 39033 467 154 4 4 CD 39033 467 155 | | CD 39033 467 156 1 1 CD 39033 467 157 | | CD 39033 467 158 9 9 CD 39033 467 159 - - HYPH 39033 467 160 1/2 1/2 CD 39033 467 161 | | CD 39033 467 162 | | CD 39033 467 163 3 3 CD 39033 467 164 - - HYPH 39033 467 165 1/2 1/2 CD 39033 467 166 | | CD 39033 467 167 13 13 CD 39033 467 168 - - HYPH 39033 467 169 1/8 1/8 CD 39033 467 170 | | CD 39033 467 171 1 1 CD 39033 467 172 - - HYPH 39033 467 173 5/8 5/8 CD 39033 467 174 | | NNP 39033 467 175 7 7 CD 39033 467 176 - - HYPH 39033 467 177 1/8 1/8 CD 39033 467 178 |4 |4 CD 39033 467 179 - - SYM 39033 467 180 7/8 7/8 CD 39033 467 181 | | CD 39033 467 182 4 4 CD 39033 467 183 | | CD 39033 467 184 1 1 CD 39033 467 185 |10 |10 CD 39033 467 186 - - HYPH 39033 467 187 5/16 5/16 CD 39033 467 188 | | CD 39033 467 189 | | CD 39033 467 190 4 4 CD 39033 467 191 | | CD 39033 467 192 14 14 CD 39033 467 193 | | CD 39033 467 194 1 1 CD 39033 467 195 - - HYPH 39033 467 196 3/4 3/4 CD 39033 467 197 | | CD 39033 467 198 8 8 CD 39033 467 199 |5 |5 NN 39033 467 200 - - : 39033 467 201 7/16| 7/16| CD 39033 467 202 6 6 CD 39033 467 203 | | CD 39033 467 204 1 1 CD 39033 467 205 |11 |11 CD 39033 467 206 - - HYPH 39033 467 207 1/4 1/4 CD 39033 467 208 | | CD 39033 467 209 | | CD 39033 467 210 4 4 CD 39033 467 211 - - HYPH 39033 467 212 1/2 1/2 CD 39033 467 213 | | CD 39033 467 214 15 15 CD 39033 467 215 - - HYPH 39033 467 216 5/8 5/8 CD 39033 467 217 | | CD 39033 467 218 2 2 CD 39033 467 219 | | CD 39033 467 220 8 8 CD 39033 467 221 - - SYM 39033 467 222 7/8 7/8 CD 39033 467 223 |6 |6 CD 39033 467 224 | | CD 39033 467 225 6 6 CD 39033 467 226 |1 |1 NN 39033 467 227 - - HYPH 39033 467 228 1/8 1/8 CD 39033 467 229 |12 |12 CD 39033 467 230 - - HYPH 39033 467 231 1/2 1/2 CD 39033 467 232 | | CD 39033 467 233 | | CD 39033 467 234 5 5 CD 39033 467 235 | | CD 39033 467 236 17 17 CD 39033 467 237 - - HYPH 39033 467 238 3/8 3/8 CD 39033 467 239 | | CD 39033 467 240 2 2 CD 39033 467 241 - - HYPH 39033 467 242 1/8 1/8 CD 39033 467 243 | | CD 39033 467 244 9 9 CD 39033 467 245 - - HYPH 39033 467 246 13/16|6 13/16|6 CD 39033 467 247 - - HYPH 39033 467 248 5/8 5/8 CD 39033 467 249 | | CD 39033 467 250 6 6 CD 39033 467 251 | | CD 39033 467 252 1 1 CD 39033 467 253 - - HYPH 39033 467 254 1/4|13 1/4|13 CD 39033 467 255 - - HYPH 39033 467 256 13/16| 13/16| CD 39033 467 257 | | CD 39033 467 258 5 5 CD 39033 467 259 - - HYPH 39033 467 260 1/2 1/2 CD 39033 467 261 | | CD 39033 467 262 18 18 CD 39033 467 263 - - HYPH 39033 467 264 1/4 1/4 CD 39033 467 265 | | CD 39033 467 266 2 2 CD 39033 467 267 - - HYPH 39033 467 268 5/16 5/16 CD 39033 467 269 |10 |10 CD 39033 467 270 - - HYPH 39033 467 271 3/4 3/4 CD 39033 467 272 |7 |7 CD 39033 467 273 - - HYPH 39033 467 274 1/4 1/4 CD 39033 467 275 | | CD 39033 467 276 6 6 CD 39033 467 277 |1 |1 : 39033 467 278 - - HYPH 39033 467 279 1/4 1/4 CD 39033 467 280 |14 |14 CD 39033 467 281 - - HYPH 39033 467 282 3/4 3/4 CD 39033 467 283 | | CD 39033 467 284 | | CD 39033 467 285 6 6 CD 39033 467 286 | | CD 39033 467 287 19 19 CD 39033 467 288 - - HYPH 39033 467 289 7/8 7/8 CD 39033 467 290 | | CD 39033 467 291 2 2 CD 39033 467 292 - - HYPH 39033 467 293 1/2 1/2 CD 39033 467 294 |11 |11 CD 39033 467 295 - - HYPH 39033 467 296 5/8 5/8 CD 39033 467 297 |7 |7 CD 39033 467 298 - - HYPH 39033 467 299 3/4 3/4 CD 39033 467 300 | | CD 39033 467 301 6 6 CD 39033 467 302 | | CD 39033 467 303 1 1 CD 39033 467 304 - - HYPH 39033 467 305 3/8| 3/8| CD 39033 467 306 16 16 CD 39033 467 307 | | CD 39033 467 308 + + SYM 39033 467 309 --------------------------------------------------------------------+ --------------------------------------------------------------------+ . 39033 467 310 The the DT 39033 467 311 projection projection NN 39033 467 312 of of IN 39033 467 313 the the DT 39033 467 314 shaft shaft NN 39033 467 315 _ _ NNP 39033 467 316 p p NNP 39033 467 317 _ _ NNP 39033 467 318 varies vary VBZ 39033 467 319 from from IN 39033 467 320 1/4 1/4 CD 39033 467 321 inch inch NN 39033 467 322 in in IN 39033 467 323 the the DT 39033 467 324 small small JJ 39033 467 325 shafts shaft NNS 39033 467 326 to to IN 39033 467 327 1/2 1/2 CD 39033 467 328 inch inch NN 39033 467 329 in in IN 39033 467 330 the the DT 39033 467 331 large large JJ 39033 467 332 ones one NNS 39033 467 333 . . . 39033 468 1 EXERCISE EXERCISE NNP 39033 468 2 24 24 CD 39033 468 3 : : : 39033 468 4 _ _ NNP 39033 468 5 Cast Cast NNP 39033 468 6 - - HYPH 39033 468 7 iron iron NN 39033 468 8 Flange Flange NNP 39033 468 9 Coupling._--Draw Coupling._--Draw VBD 39033 468 10 the the DT 39033 468 11 views view NNS 39033 468 12 shown show VBN 39033 468 13 in in IN 39033 468 14 fig fig NN 39033 468 15 . . . 39033 469 1 24 24 CD 39033 469 2 of of IN 39033 469 3 a a DT 39033 469 4 cast cast NN 39033 469 5 - - HYPH 39033 469 6 iron iron NN 39033 469 7 flange flange NN 39033 469 8 coupling coupling NN 39033 469 9 , , , 39033 469 10 for for IN 39033 469 11 a a DT 39033 469 12 shaft shaft NN 39033 469 13 4 4 CD 39033 469 14 - - HYPH 39033 469 15 1/2 1/2 CD 39033 469 16 inches inch NNS 39033 469 17 in in IN 39033 469 18 diameter diameter NN 39033 469 19 , , , 39033 469 20 to to IN 39033 469 21 the the DT 39033 469 22 dimensions dimension NNS 39033 469 23 given give VBN 39033 469 24 in in IN 39033 469 25 the the DT 39033 469 26 above above JJ 39033 469 27 table table NN 39033 469 28 . . . 39033 470 1 Scale scale NN 39033 470 2 4 4 CD 39033 470 3 inches inch NNS 39033 470 4 to to IN 39033 470 5 a a DT 39033 470 6 foot foot NN 39033 470 7 . . . 39033 471 1 VII VII NNP 39033 471 2 . . . 39033 472 1 BEARINGS bearings DT 39033 472 2 FOR for IN 39033 472 3 SHAFTS SHAFTS NNP 39033 472 4 . . . 39033 473 1 An an DT 39033 473 2 example example NN 39033 473 3 of of IN 39033 473 4 a a DT 39033 473 5 very very RB 39033 473 6 simple simple JJ 39033 473 7 form form NN 39033 473 8 of of IN 39033 473 9 bearing bearing NN 39033 473 10 is be VBZ 39033 473 11 shown show VBN 39033 473 12 in in IN 39033 473 13 fig fig NN 39033 473 14 . . . 39033 474 1 25 25 CD 39033 474 2 , , , 39033 474 3 which which WDT 39033 474 4 represents represent VBZ 39033 474 5 a a DT 39033 474 6 brake brake NN 39033 474 7 shaft shaft NN 39033 474 8 carrier carrier NN 39033 474 9 of of IN 39033 474 10 a a DT 39033 474 11 locomotive locomotive JJ 39033 474 12 tender tender NN 39033 474 13 . . . 39033 475 1 The the DT 39033 475 2 bearing bearing NN 39033 475 3 in in IN 39033 475 4 this this DT 39033 475 5 example example NN 39033 475 6 is be VBZ 39033 475 7 made make VBN 39033 475 8 of of IN 39033 475 9 cast cast VBN 39033 475 10 iron iron NN 39033 475 11 and and CC 39033 475 12 in in IN 39033 475 13 one one CD 39033 475 14 piece piece NN 39033 475 15 . . . 39033 476 1 Through through IN 39033 476 2 the the DT 39033 476 3 oval oval NN 39033 476 4 - - HYPH 39033 476 5 shaped shaped JJ 39033 476 6 flange flange JJ 39033 476 7 two two CD 39033 476 8 bolts bolt NNS 39033 476 9 pass pass VBP 39033 476 10 for for IN 39033 476 11 attaching attach VBG 39033 476 12 the the DT 39033 476 13 bearing bearing NN 39033 476 14 to to IN 39033 476 15 the the DT 39033 476 16 wrought wrought NN 39033 476 17 - - HYPH 39033 476 18 iron iron NN 39033 476 19 framing framing NN 39033 476 20 of of IN 39033 476 21 the the DT 39033 476 22 tender tender NN 39033 476 23 . . . 39033 477 1 With with IN 39033 477 2 this this DT 39033 477 3 form form NN 39033 477 4 of of IN 39033 477 5 bearing bearing NN 39033 477 6 there there EX 39033 477 7 is be VBZ 39033 477 8 no no DT 39033 477 9 adjustment adjustment NN 39033 477 10 for for IN 39033 477 11 wear wear NN 39033 477 12 , , , 39033 477 13 so so IN 39033 477 14 that that IN 39033 477 15 when when WRB 39033 477 16 it -PRON- PRP 39033 477 17 becomes become VBZ 39033 477 18 worn worn JJ 39033 477 19 it -PRON- PRP 39033 477 20 must must MD 39033 477 21 be be VB 39033 477 22 renewed renew VBN 39033 477 23 . . . 39033 478 1 [ [ -LRB- 39033 478 2 Illustration illustration NN 39033 478 3 : : : 39033 478 4 FIG FIG NNP 39033 478 5 . . . 39033 479 1 25 25 CD 39033 479 2 . . . 39033 479 3 ] ] -RRB- 39033 480 1 EXERCISE EXERCISE NNP 39033 480 2 25 25 CD 39033 480 3 : : : 39033 480 4 _ _ NNP 39033 480 5 Brake Brake NNP 39033 480 6 Shaft Shaft NNP 39033 480 7 Carrier._--Draw Carrier._--Draw VBZ 39033 480 8 the the DT 39033 480 9 elevation elevation NN 39033 480 10 and and CC 39033 480 11 sectional sectional JJ 39033 480 12 plan plan NN 39033 480 13 of of IN 39033 480 14 the the DT 39033 480 15 bearing bearing NN 39033 480 16 shown show VBN 39033 480 17 in in IN 39033 480 18 fig fig NN 39033 480 19 . . . 39033 481 1 25 25 CD 39033 481 2 . . . 39033 482 1 Draw draw VB 39033 482 2 also also RB 39033 482 3 a a DT 39033 482 4 vertical vertical JJ 39033 482 5 section section NN 39033 482 6 through through IN 39033 482 7 the the DT 39033 482 8 axis axi NNS 39033 482 9 . . . 39033 483 1 The the DT 39033 483 2 latter latter JJ 39033 483 3 view view NN 39033 483 4 to to TO 39033 483 5 be be VB 39033 483 6 projected project VBN 39033 483 7 from from IN 39033 483 8 the the DT 39033 483 9 first first JJ 39033 483 10 elevation elevation NN 39033 483 11 . . . 39033 484 1 Scale scale NN 39033 484 2 6 6 CD 39033 484 3 inches inch NNS 39033 484 4 to to IN 39033 484 5 a a DT 39033 484 6 foot foot NN 39033 484 7 . . . 39033 485 1 _ _ NNP 39033 485 2 Pillow Pillow NNP 39033 485 3 Block Block NNP 39033 485 4 _ _ NNP 39033 485 5 , , , 39033 485 6 _ _ NNP 39033 485 7 Plummer Plummer NNP 39033 485 8 Block Block NNP 39033 485 9 _ _ NNP 39033 485 10 , , , 39033 485 11 or or CC 39033 485 12 _ _ NNP 39033 485 13 Pedestal_.--The pedestal_.--the JJ 39033 485 14 ordinary ordinary JJ 39033 485 15 form form NN 39033 485 16 of of IN 39033 485 17 plummer plummer NN 39033 485 18 block block NN 39033 485 19 is be VBZ 39033 485 20 represented represent VBN 39033 485 21 in in IN 39033 485 22 fig fig NN 39033 485 23 . . . 39033 486 1 26 26 CD 39033 486 2 . . . 39033 487 1 A a DT 39033 487 2 is be VBZ 39033 487 3 the the DT 39033 487 4 block block NN 39033 487 5 proper proper JJ 39033 487 6 , , , 39033 487 7 B b UH 39033 487 8 the the DT 39033 487 9 sole sole NN 39033 487 10 through through IN 39033 487 11 which which WDT 39033 487 12 pass pass VBP 39033 487 13 the the DT 39033 487 14 holding holding NN 39033 487 15 - - HYPH 39033 487 16 down down RP 39033 487 17 bolts bolt NNS 39033 487 18 . . . 39033 488 1 C C NNP 39033 488 2 is be VBZ 39033 488 3 the the DT 39033 488 4 cap cap NN 39033 488 5 . . . 39033 489 1 Between between IN 39033 489 2 the the DT 39033 489 3 block block NN 39033 489 4 and and CC 39033 489 5 the the DT 39033 489 6 cap cap NN 39033 489 7 is be VBZ 39033 489 8 the the DT 39033 489 9 brass brass NNP 39033 489 10 bush bush NNP 39033 489 11 , , , 39033 489 12 which which WDT 39033 489 13 is be VBZ 39033 489 14 in in IN 39033 489 15 halves half NNS 39033 489 16 , , , 39033 489 17 called call VBD 39033 489 18 _ _ NNP 39033 489 19 brasses brass NNS 39033 489 20 _ _ NNP 39033 489 21 or or CC 39033 489 22 _ _ NNP 39033 489 23 steps step NNS 39033 489 24 _ _ NNP 39033 489 25 . . . 39033 490 1 The the DT 39033 490 2 bed bed NN 39033 490 3 for for IN 39033 490 4 the the DT 39033 490 5 steps step NNS 39033 490 6 in in IN 39033 490 7 this this DT 39033 490 8 example example NN 39033 490 9 is be VBZ 39033 490 10 cylindrical cylindrical JJ 39033 490 11 , , , 39033 490 12 and and CC 39033 490 13 is be VBZ 39033 490 14 prepared prepare VBN 39033 490 15 by by IN 39033 490 16 the the DT 39033 490 17 easy easy JJ 39033 490 18 process process NN 39033 490 19 of of IN 39033 490 20 boring bore VBG 39033 490 21 . . . 39033 491 1 The the DT 39033 491 2 steps step NNS 39033 491 3 are be VBP 39033 491 4 not not RB 39033 491 5 supported support VBN 39033 491 6 throughout throughout IN 39033 491 7 their -PRON- PRP$ 39033 491 8 whole whole JJ 39033 491 9 length length NN 39033 491 10 , , , 39033 491 11 but but CC 39033 491 12 at at IN 39033 491 13 their -PRON- PRP$ 39033 491 14 ends end NNS 39033 491 15 only only RB 39033 491 16 where where WRB 39033 491 17 fitting fitting JJ 39033 491 18 strips strip NNS 39033 491 19 are be VBP 39033 491 20 provided provide VBN 39033 491 21 as as IN 39033 491 22 shown show VBN 39033 491 23 . . . 39033 492 1 As as IN 39033 492 2 the the DT 39033 492 3 wear wear NN 39033 492 4 on on IN 39033 492 5 a a DT 39033 492 6 step step NN 39033 492 7 is be VBZ 39033 492 8 generally generally RB 39033 492 9 greatest great JJS 39033 492 10 at at IN 39033 492 11 the the DT 39033 492 12 bottom bottom NN 39033 492 13 , , , 39033 492 14 it -PRON- PRP 39033 492 15 is be VBZ 39033 492 16 made make VBN 39033 492 17 thicker thick JJR 39033 492 18 there there RB 39033 492 19 than than IN 39033 492 20 at at IN 39033 492 21 the the DT 39033 492 22 sides side NNS 39033 492 23 , , , 39033 492 24 except except IN 39033 492 25 where where WRB 39033 492 26 the the DT 39033 492 27 fitting fitting JJ 39033 492 28 strips strip NNS 39033 492 29 come come VBP 39033 492 30 in in RP 39033 492 31 . . . 39033 493 1 To to TO 39033 493 2 prevent prevent VB 39033 493 3 the the DT 39033 493 4 steps step NNS 39033 493 5 turning turn VBG 39033 493 6 within within IN 39033 493 7 the the DT 39033 493 8 block block NN 39033 493 9 they -PRON- PRP 39033 493 10 are be VBP 39033 493 11 generally generally RB 39033 493 12 furnished furnish VBN 39033 493 13 with with IN 39033 493 14 lugs lug NNS 39033 493 15 , , , 39033 493 16 which which WDT 39033 493 17 enter enter VBP 39033 493 18 corresponding correspond VBG 39033 493 19 recesses recess NNS 39033 493 20 in in IN 39033 493 21 the the DT 39033 493 22 block block NN 39033 493 23 and and CC 39033 493 24 cover cover NN 39033 493 25 . . . 39033 494 1 [ [ -LRB- 39033 494 2 Illustration illustration NN 39033 494 3 : : : 39033 494 4 FIG FIG NNP 39033 494 5 . . . 39033 495 1 26 26 LS 39033 495 2 ] ] -RRB- 39033 495 3 In in IN 39033 495 4 the the DT 39033 495 5 block block NN 39033 495 6 illustrated illustrate VBD 39033 495 7 the the DT 39033 495 8 journal journal NN 39033 495 9 is be VBZ 39033 495 10 lubricated lubricate VBN 39033 495 11 by by IN 39033 495 12 a a DT 39033 495 13 _ _ NNP 39033 495 14 needle needle NN 39033 495 15 lubricator lubricator NN 39033 495 16 _ _ NNP 39033 495 17 ; ; : 39033 495 18 this this DT 39033 495 19 consists consist VBZ 39033 495 20 of of IN 39033 495 21 an an DT 39033 495 22 inverted inverted JJ 39033 495 23 glass glass NN 39033 495 24 bottle bottle NN 39033 495 25 fitted fit VBN 39033 495 26 with with IN 39033 495 27 a a DT 39033 495 28 wood wood NN 39033 495 29 stopper stopper NN 39033 495 30 , , , 39033 495 31 through through IN 39033 495 32 a a DT 39033 495 33 hole hole NN 39033 495 34 in in IN 39033 495 35 which which WDT 39033 495 36 passes pass VBZ 39033 495 37 a a DT 39033 495 38 piece piece NN 39033 495 39 of of IN 39033 495 40 wire wire NN 39033 495 41 , , , 39033 495 42 which which WDT 39033 495 43 has have VBZ 39033 495 44 one one CD 39033 495 45 end end NN 39033 495 46 in in IN 39033 495 47 the the DT 39033 495 48 oil oil NN 39033 495 49 within within IN 39033 495 50 the the DT 39033 495 51 bottle bottle NN 39033 495 52 , , , 39033 495 53 and and CC 39033 495 54 the the DT 39033 495 55 other other JJ 39033 495 56 resting resting NN 39033 495 57 on on IN 39033 495 58 the the DT 39033 495 59 journal journal NN 39033 495 60 of of IN 39033 495 61 the the DT 39033 495 62 shaft shaft NN 39033 495 63 . . . 39033 496 1 The the DT 39033 496 2 wire wire NN 39033 496 3 or or CC 39033 496 4 needle needle NN 39033 496 5 does do VBZ 39033 496 6 not not RB 39033 496 7 fill fill VB 39033 496 8 the the DT 39033 496 9 hole hole NN 39033 496 10 in in IN 39033 496 11 the the DT 39033 496 12 stopper stopper NN 39033 496 13 , , , 39033 496 14 but but CC 39033 496 15 if if IN 39033 496 16 the the DT 39033 496 17 needle needle NN 39033 496 18 is be VBZ 39033 496 19 kept keep VBN 39033 496 20 from from IN 39033 496 21 vibrating vibrate VBG 39033 496 22 the the DT 39033 496 23 oil oil NN 39033 496 24 does do VBZ 39033 496 25 not not RB 39033 496 26 escape escape VB 39033 496 27 owing owe VBG 39033 496 28 to to IN 39033 496 29 capillary capillary JJ 39033 496 30 attraction attraction NN 39033 496 31 . . . 39033 497 1 When when WRB 39033 497 2 , , , 39033 497 3 however however RB 39033 497 4 , , , 39033 497 5 the the DT 39033 497 6 shaft shaft NN 39033 497 7 rotates rotate VBZ 39033 497 8 , , , 39033 497 9 the the DT 39033 497 10 needle needle NN 39033 497 11 begins begin VBZ 39033 497 12 to to TO 39033 497 13 vibrate vibrate VB 39033 497 14 , , , 39033 497 15 and and CC 39033 497 16 the the DT 39033 497 17 oil oil NN 39033 497 18 runs run VBZ 39033 497 19 down down RP 39033 497 20 slowly slowly RB 39033 497 21 on on IN 39033 497 22 to to IN 39033 497 23 the the DT 39033 497 24 journal journal NN 39033 497 25 ; ; : 39033 497 26 oil oil NN 39033 497 27 is be VBZ 39033 497 28 therefore therefore RB 39033 497 29 only only RB 39033 497 30 used use VBN 39033 497 31 when when WRB 39033 497 32 the the DT 39033 497 33 shaft shaft NN 39033 497 34 is be VBZ 39033 497 35 running run VBG 39033 497 36 . . . 39033 498 1 EXERCISE EXERCISE NNP 39033 498 2 26 26 CD 39033 498 3 : : : 39033 498 4 _ _ NNP 39033 498 5 Pillow Pillow NNP 39033 498 6 Block Block NNP 39033 498 7 for for IN 39033 498 8 a a DT 39033 498 9 Four four CD 39033 498 10 - - HYPH 39033 498 11 inch inch NN 39033 498 12 Shaft._--Draw shaft._--draw XX 39033 498 13 the the DT 39033 498 14 views view NNS 39033 498 15 shown show VBN 39033 498 16 of of IN 39033 498 17 this this DT 39033 498 18 block block NN 39033 498 19 in in IN 39033 498 20 fig fig NN 39033 498 21 . . . 39033 499 1 26 26 CD 39033 499 2 . . . 39033 500 1 Make make VB 39033 500 2 also also RB 39033 500 3 separate separate JJ 39033 500 4 drawings drawing NNS 39033 500 5 , , , 39033 500 6 full full JJ 39033 500 7 size size NN 39033 500 8 , , , 39033 500 9 of of IN 39033 500 10 one one CD 39033 500 11 of of IN 39033 500 12 the the DT 39033 500 13 steps step NNS 39033 500 14 . . . 39033 501 1 Scale scale NN 39033 501 2 6 6 CD 39033 501 3 inches inch NNS 39033 501 4 to to IN 39033 501 5 a a DT 39033 501 6 foot foot NN 39033 501 7 . . . 39033 502 1 _ _ NNP 39033 502 2 Proportions Proportions NNP 39033 502 3 of of IN 39033 502 4 Pillow Pillow NNP 39033 502 5 Blocks._--The Blocks._--The NNP 39033 502 6 following follow VBG 39033 502 7 rules rule NNS 39033 502 8 may may MD 39033 502 9 be be VB 39033 502 10 used use VBN 39033 502 11 for for IN 39033 502 12 proportioning proportion VBG 39033 502 13 pillow pillow NN 39033 502 14 blocks block NNS 39033 502 15 for for IN 39033 502 16 shafts shaft NNS 39033 502 17 up up IN 39033 502 18 to to TO 39033 502 19 8 8 CD 39033 502 20 inches inch NNS 39033 502 21 diameter diameter NN 39033 502 22 . . . 39033 503 1 It -PRON- PRP 39033 503 2 should should MD 39033 503 3 be be VB 39033 503 4 remembered remember VBN 39033 503 5 that that IN 39033 503 6 the the DT 39033 503 7 proportions proportion NNS 39033 503 8 used use VBN 39033 503 9 by by IN 39033 503 10 different different JJ 39033 503 11 makers maker NNS 39033 503 12 vary vary VBP 39033 503 13 considerably considerably RB 39033 503 14 , , , 39033 503 15 but but CC 39033 503 16 the the DT 39033 503 17 following follow VBG 39033 503 18 rules rule NNS 39033 503 19 represent represent VBP 39033 503 20 average average JJ 39033 503 21 practice practice NN 39033 503 22 . . . 39033 504 1 Diameter Diameter NNP 39033 504 2 of of IN 39033 504 3 journal journal NNP 39033 504 4 = = SYM 39033 504 5 _ _ NNP 39033 504 6 d d NNP 39033 504 7 _ _ NNP 39033 504 8 . . . 39033 505 1 Length length NN 39033 505 2 of of IN 39033 505 3 journal journal NN 39033 505 4 = = NFP 39033 505 5 _ _ NNP 39033 505 6 l l NNP 39033 505 7 _ _ NNP 39033 505 8 . . . 39033 506 1 Height height NN 39033 506 2 to to IN 39033 506 3 centre centre NN 39033 506 4 = = CC 39033 506 5 1.05_d 1.05_d CD 39033 506 6 _ _ NN 39033 506 7 + + CD 39033 506 8 .5 .5 NN 39033 506 9 . . . 39033 507 1 Length length NN 39033 507 2 of of IN 39033 507 3 base base NN 39033 507 4 = = NFP 39033 507 5 3.6_d 3.6_d CD 39033 507 6 _ _ NNP 39033 507 7 + + CC 39033 507 8 5 5 CD 39033 507 9 . . . 39033 508 1 Width width NN 39033 508 2 of of IN 39033 508 3 base base NN 39033 508 4 = = NFP 39033 508 5 .8_l .8_l . 39033 508 6 _ _ NNP 39033 508 7 . . . 39033 508 8 " " '' 39033 509 1 block block NNP 39033 509 2 = = SYM 39033 509 3 .7_l .7_l . 39033 509 4 _ _ NNP 39033 509 5 . . . 39033 510 1 Thickness thickness NN 39033 510 2 of of IN 39033 510 3 base base NN 39033 510 4 = = NFP 39033 510 5 .3_d .3_d NFP 39033 510 6 _ _ NN 39033 510 7 + + SYM 39033 510 8 .3 .3 NN 39033 510 9 . . . 39033 510 10 " " '' 39033 511 1 cap cap NNP 39033 511 2 = = SYM 39033 511 3 .3_d .3_d . 39033 511 4 _ _ NN 39033 511 5 + + SYM 39033 511 6 .4 .4 CD 39033 511 7 . . . 39033 512 1 Diameter diameter NN 39033 512 2 of of IN 39033 512 3 bolts bolt NNS 39033 512 4 = = -RRB- 39033 512 5 .25_d .25_d . 39033 512 6 _ _ NNP 39033 512 7 + + SYM 39033 512 8 .25 .25 NFP 39033 512 9 . . . 39033 513 1 Distance distance NN 39033 513 2 between between IN 39033 513 3 centres centre NNS 39033 513 4 of of IN 39033 513 5 cap cap NN 39033 513 6 bolts bolt NNS 39033 513 7 = = SYM 39033 513 8 1.6_d 1.6_d CD 39033 513 9 _ _ NN 39033 513 10 + + DT 39033 513 11 1.5 1.5 CD 39033 513 12 . . . 39033 513 13 " " '' 39033 514 1 " " `` 39033 514 2 base base NNP 39033 514 3 bolts bolt NNS 39033 514 4 = = SYM 39033 514 5 2.7_d 2.7_d NNP 39033 514 6 _ _ NNP 39033 514 7 + + NNP 39033 514 8 4.2 4.2 CD 39033 514 9 . . . 39033 515 1 Thickness thickness NN 39033 515 2 of of IN 39033 515 3 step step NN 39033 515 4 at at IN 39033 515 5 bottom bottom NN 39033 515 6 = = SYM 39033 515 7 _ _ NNP 39033 515 8 t t NNP 39033 515 9 _ _ NNP 39033 515 10 = = SYM 39033 515 11 .09_d .09_d . 39033 515 12 _ _ NNP 39033 515 13 + + SYM 39033 515 14 .15 .15 CD 39033 515 15 . . . 39033 515 16 " " '' 39033 516 1 " " `` 39033 516 2 sides side NNS 39033 516 3 = = SYM 39033 516 4 3/4 3/4 CD 39033 516 5 _ _ NNP 39033 516 6 t t NNP 39033 516 7 _ _ NNP 39033 516 8 . . . 39033 517 1 The the DT 39033 517 2 length length NN 39033 517 3 of of IN 39033 517 4 the the DT 39033 517 5 journal journal NN 39033 517 6 varies vary VBZ 39033 517 7 very very RB 39033 517 8 much much RB 39033 517 9 in in IN 39033 517 10 different different JJ 39033 517 11 cases case NNS 39033 517 12 , , , 39033 517 13 and and CC 39033 517 14 depends depend VBZ 39033 517 15 upon upon IN 39033 517 16 the the DT 39033 517 17 speed speed NN 39033 517 18 of of IN 39033 517 19 the the DT 39033 517 20 shaft shaft NN 39033 517 21 , , , 39033 517 22 the the DT 39033 517 23 load load NN 39033 517 24 which which WDT 39033 517 25 it -PRON- PRP 39033 517 26 carries carry VBZ 39033 517 27 , , , 39033 517 28 the the DT 39033 517 29 workmanship workmanship NN 39033 517 30 of of IN 39033 517 31 the the DT 39033 517 32 journal journal NN 39033 517 33 and and CC 39033 517 34 bearing bearing NN 39033 517 35 , , , 39033 517 36 and and CC 39033 517 37 the the DT 39033 517 38 method method NN 39033 517 39 of of IN 39033 517 40 lubrication lubrication NN 39033 517 41 . . . 39033 518 1 For for IN 39033 518 2 ordinary ordinary JJ 39033 518 3 shafting shaft VBG 39033 518 4 one one CD 39033 518 5 rule rule NN 39033 518 6 is be VBZ 39033 518 7 to to TO 39033 518 8 make make VB 39033 518 9 _ _ NNP 39033 518 10 l l NNP 39033 518 11 _ _ NNP 39033 518 12 = = SYM 39033 518 13 _ _ NNP 39033 518 14 d d NNP 39033 518 15 _ _ NNP 39033 518 16 + + NNP 39033 518 17 1 1 CD 39033 518 18 . . . 39033 519 1 Some some DT 39033 519 2 makers maker NNS 39033 519 3 use use VBP 39033 519 4 the the DT 39033 519 5 rule rule NN 39033 519 6 _ _ NNP 39033 519 7 l l NNP 39033 519 8 _ _ NNP 39033 519 9 = = SYM 39033 519 10 1.5_d 1.5_d CD 39033 519 11 _ _ NNP 39033 519 12 ; ; : 39033 519 13 others other NNS 39033 519 14 make make VBP 39033 519 15 _ _ NNP 39033 519 16 l l NNP 39033 519 17 _ _ NNP 39033 519 18 = = SYM 39033 519 19 2_d 2_d CD 39033 519 20 _ _ NNP 39033 519 21 . . . 39033 520 1 EXERCISE EXERCISE NNP 39033 520 2 27 27 CD 39033 520 3 : : : 39033 520 4 _ _ NNP 39033 520 5 Design Design NNP 39033 520 6 for for IN 39033 520 7 Pillow Pillow NNP 39033 520 8 Block._--Make Block._--Make NNP 39033 520 9 the the DT 39033 520 10 necessary necessary JJ 39033 520 11 working work VBG 39033 520 12 drawings drawing NNS 39033 520 13 for for IN 39033 520 14 a a DT 39033 520 15 pillow pillow NN 39033 520 16 block block NN 39033 520 17 for for IN 39033 520 18 a a DT 39033 520 19 shaft shaft NN 39033 520 20 5 5 CD 39033 520 21 inches inch NNS 39033 520 22 in in IN 39033 520 23 diameter diameter NN 39033 520 24 , , , 39033 520 25 and and CC 39033 520 26 having have VBG 39033 520 27 a a DT 39033 520 28 journal journal NN 39033 520 29 7 7 CD 39033 520 30 inches inch NNS 39033 520 31 long long JJ 39033 520 32 . . . 39033 521 1 [ [ -LRB- 39033 521 2 Illustration illustration NN 39033 521 3 : : : 39033 521 4 FIG FIG NNP 39033 521 5 . . . 39033 522 1 27 27 CD 39033 522 2 . . . 39033 522 3 ] ] -RRB- 39033 523 1 _ _ NNP 39033 523 2 Brackets._--When Brackets._--When NNP 39033 523 3 a a DT 39033 523 4 pillow pillow NN 39033 523 5 block block NN 39033 523 6 has have VBZ 39033 523 7 to to TO 39033 523 8 be be VB 39033 523 9 fixed fix VBN 39033 523 10 to to IN 39033 523 11 a a DT 39033 523 12 wall wall NN 39033 523 13 or or CC 39033 523 14 column column NN 39033 523 15 a a DT 39033 523 16 bracket bracket NN 39033 523 17 such such JJ 39033 523 18 as as IN 39033 523 19 that that DT 39033 523 20 shown show VBN 39033 523 21 in in IN 39033 523 22 figs fig NNS 39033 523 23 . . . 39033 524 1 27 27 CD 39033 524 2 and and CC 39033 524 3 28 28 CD 39033 524 4 may may MD 39033 524 5 be be VB 39033 524 6 used use VBN 39033 524 7 . . . 39033 525 1 The the DT 39033 525 2 pillow pillow NN 39033 525 3 block block NN 39033 525 4 rests rest NNS 39033 525 5 between between IN 39033 525 6 the the DT 39033 525 7 _ _ NNP 39033 525 8 joggles joggle NNS 39033 525 9 _ _ NNP 39033 525 10 A A NNP 39033 525 11 A A NNP 39033 525 12 , , , 39033 525 13 and and CC 39033 525 14 is be VBZ 39033 525 15 bolted bolt VBN 39033 525 16 down down RP 39033 525 17 to to IN 39033 525 18 the the DT 39033 525 19 bracket bracket NN 39033 525 20 and and CC 39033 525 21 secured secure VBN 39033 525 22 in in IN 39033 525 23 addition addition NN 39033 525 24 with with IN 39033 525 25 keys key NNS 39033 525 26 at at IN 39033 525 27 the the DT 39033 525 28 ends end NNS 39033 525 29 of of IN 39033 525 30 the the DT 39033 525 31 base base NN 39033 525 32 of of IN 39033 525 33 the the DT 39033 525 34 block block NN 39033 525 35 , , , 39033 525 36 in in IN 39033 525 37 the the DT 39033 525 38 same same JJ 39033 525 39 manner manner NN 39033 525 40 as as IN 39033 525 41 is be VBZ 39033 525 42 shown show VBN 39033 525 43 , , , 39033 525 44 for for IN 39033 525 45 the the DT 39033 525 46 attachment attachment NN 39033 525 47 of of IN 39033 525 48 the the DT 39033 525 49 bracket bracket NN 39033 525 50 to to IN 39033 525 51 the the DT 39033 525 52 column column NN 39033 525 53 . . . 39033 526 1 EXERCISE EXERCISE NNP 39033 526 2 28 28 CD 39033 526 3 : : : 39033 526 4 _ _ NNP 39033 526 5 Pillar Pillar NNP 39033 526 6 Bracket._--Fig Bracket._--Fig NNP 39033 526 7 . . . 39033 527 1 27 27 CD 39033 527 2 shows show VBZ 39033 527 3 a a DT 39033 527 4 side side NN 39033 527 5 elevation elevation NN 39033 527 6 and and CC 39033 527 7 part part NN 39033 527 8 horizontal horizontal JJ 39033 527 9 section section NN 39033 527 10 , , , 39033 527 11 and and CC 39033 527 12 fig fig VB 39033 527 13 . . . 39033 528 1 28 28 CD 39033 528 2 shows show VBZ 39033 528 3 an an DT 39033 528 4 end end NN 39033 528 5 elevation elevation NN 39033 528 6 of of IN 39033 528 7 a a DT 39033 528 8 pillar pillar NN 39033 528 9 bracket bracket NN 39033 528 10 for for IN 39033 528 11 carrying carry VBG 39033 528 12 a a DT 39033 528 13 pillow pillow NN 39033 528 14 block block NN 39033 528 15 for for IN 39033 528 16 a a DT 39033 528 17 3-inch 3-inch CD 39033 528 18 shaft shaft NN 39033 528 19 . . . 39033 529 1 Draw draw VB 39033 529 2 these these DT 39033 529 3 views view NNS 39033 529 4 _ _ NNP 39033 529 5 properly properly RB 39033 529 6 projected project VBD 39033 529 7 from from IN 39033 529 8 one one CD 39033 529 9 another another DT 39033 529 10 _ _ NNP 39033 529 11 , , , 39033 529 12 showing show VBG 39033 529 13 the the DT 39033 529 14 pillow pillow NN 39033 529 15 block block NN 39033 529 16 , , , 39033 529 17 which which WDT 39033 529 18 is be VBZ 39033 529 19 to to TO 39033 529 20 be be VB 39033 529 21 proportioned proportion VBN 39033 529 22 by by IN 39033 529 23 the the DT 39033 529 24 rules rule NNS 39033 529 25 given give VBN 39033 529 26 on on IN 39033 529 27 page page NN 39033 529 28 32 32 CD 39033 529 29 . . . 39033 530 1 Draw draw VB 39033 530 2 also also RB 39033 530 3 a a DT 39033 530 4 plan plan NN 39033 530 5 of of IN 39033 530 6 the the DT 39033 530 7 whole whole NN 39033 530 8 . . . 39033 531 1 Scale scale NN 39033 531 2 4 4 CD 39033 531 3 inches inch NNS 39033 531 4 to to IN 39033 531 5 a a DT 39033 531 6 foot foot NN 39033 531 7 . . . 39033 532 1 [ [ -LRB- 39033 532 2 Illustration illustration NN 39033 532 3 : : : 39033 532 4 FIG FIG NNP 39033 532 5 . . . 39033 533 1 28 28 CD 39033 533 2 . . . 39033 533 3 ] ] -RRB- 39033 534 1 _ _ NNP 39033 534 2 Hangers._--When Hangers._--When NNP 39033 534 3 a a DT 39033 534 4 shaft shaft NN 39033 534 5 is be VBZ 39033 534 6 suspended suspend VBN 39033 534 7 from from IN 39033 534 8 a a DT 39033 534 9 ceiling ceiling NN 39033 534 10 it -PRON- PRP 39033 534 11 is be VBZ 39033 534 12 carried carry VBN 39033 534 13 by by IN 39033 534 14 hangers hanger NNS 39033 534 15 , , , 39033 534 16 one one CD 39033 534 17 form form NN 39033 534 18 of of IN 39033 534 19 which which WDT 39033 534 20 is be VBZ 39033 534 21 shown show VBN 39033 534 22 in in IN 39033 534 23 fig fig NN 39033 534 24 . . . 39033 535 1 29 29 CD 39033 535 2 , , , 39033 535 3 and and CC 39033 535 4 which which WDT 39033 535 5 will will MD 39033 535 6 be be VB 39033 535 7 readily readily RB 39033 535 8 understood understand VBN 39033 535 9 . . . 39033 536 1 The the DT 39033 536 2 cap cap NN 39033 536 3 of of IN 39033 536 4 the the DT 39033 536 5 bearing bearing NN 39033 536 6 , , , 39033 536 7 it -PRON- PRP 39033 536 8 will will MD 39033 536 9 be be VB 39033 536 10 noticed notice VBN 39033 536 11 , , , 39033 536 12 is be VBZ 39033 536 13 secured secure VBN 39033 536 14 by by IN 39033 536 15 means mean NNS 39033 536 16 of of IN 39033 536 17 a a DT 39033 536 18 bolt bolt NN 39033 536 19 , , , 39033 536 20 and and CC 39033 536 21 also also RB 39033 536 22 by by IN 39033 536 23 a a DT 39033 536 24 square square JJ 39033 536 25 key key NN 39033 536 26 . . . 39033 537 1 EXERCISE EXERCISE NNP 39033 537 2 29 29 CD 39033 537 3 : : : 39033 537 4 _ _ NNP 39033 537 5 Shaft Shaft NNP 39033 537 6 Hanger._--Draw Hanger._--Draw VBZ 39033 537 7 the the DT 39033 537 8 two two CD 39033 537 9 elevations elevation NNS 39033 537 10 shown show VBN 39033 537 11 in in IN 39033 537 12 fig fig NN 39033 537 13 . . . 39033 538 1 29 29 CD 39033 538 2 , , , 39033 538 3 and and CC 39033 538 4 also also RB 39033 538 5 a a DT 39033 538 6 sectional sectional JJ 39033 538 7 plan plan NN 39033 538 8 . . . 39033 539 1 The the DT 39033 539 2 section section NN 39033 539 3 to to TO 39033 539 4 be be VB 39033 539 5 taken take VBN 39033 539 6 at at IN 39033 539 7 a a DT 39033 539 8 point point NN 39033 539 9 5 5 CD 39033 539 10 inches inch NNS 39033 539 11 above above IN 39033 539 12 the the DT 39033 539 13 centre centre NN 39033 539 14 of of IN 39033 539 15 the the DT 39033 539 16 shaft shaft NN 39033 539 17 . . . 39033 540 1 Scale scale NN 39033 540 2 6 6 CD 39033 540 3 inches inch NNS 39033 540 4 to to IN 39033 540 5 a a DT 39033 540 6 foot foot NN 39033 540 7 . . . 39033 541 1 _ _ NNP 39033 541 2 Wall Wall NNP 39033 541 3 Boxes._--In boxes._--in NN 39033 541 4 passing pass VBG 39033 541 5 from from IN 39033 541 6 one one CD 39033 541 7 part part NN 39033 541 8 of of IN 39033 541 9 a a DT 39033 541 10 building building NN 39033 541 11 to to IN 39033 541 12 another another DT 39033 541 13 a a DT 39033 541 14 shaft shaft NN 39033 541 15 may may MD 39033 541 16 have have VB 39033 541 17 to to TO 39033 541 18 pass pass VB 39033 541 19 through through RP 39033 541 20 a a DT 39033 541 21 wall wall NN 39033 541 22 . . . 39033 542 1 In in IN 39033 542 2 that that DT 39033 542 3 case case NN 39033 542 4 a a DT 39033 542 5 neat neat JJ 39033 542 6 appearance appearance NN 39033 542 7 is be VBZ 39033 542 8 given give VBN 39033 542 9 to to IN 39033 542 10 the the DT 39033 542 11 opening opening NN 39033 542 12 and and CC 39033 542 13 a a DT 39033 542 14 suitable suitable JJ 39033 542 15 support support NN 39033 542 16 obtained obtain VBN 39033 542 17 for for IN 39033 542 18 a a DT 39033 542 19 pillow pillow NN 39033 542 20 block block NN 39033 542 21 by by IN 39033 542 22 building build VBG 39033 542 23 into into IN 39033 542 24 the the DT 39033 542 25 wall wall NN 39033 542 26 a a DT 39033 542 27 _ _ NNP 39033 542 28 wall wall NN 39033 542 29 box box NNP 39033 542 30 _ _ NNP 39033 542 31 , , , 39033 542 32 one one CD 39033 542 33 form form NN 39033 542 34 of of IN 39033 542 35 which which WDT 39033 542 36 is be VBZ 39033 542 37 shown show VBN 39033 542 38 in in IN 39033 542 39 fig fig NN 39033 542 40 . . . 39033 543 1 30 30 CD 39033 543 2 . . . 39033 544 1 EXERCISE EXERCISE NNP 39033 544 2 30 30 CD 39033 544 3 : : : 39033 544 4 _ _ NNP 39033 544 5 Wall Wall NNP 39033 544 6 Box._--Draw box._--draw VB 39033 544 7 the the DT 39033 544 8 views view NNS 39033 544 9 of of IN 39033 544 10 the the DT 39033 544 11 wall wall NNP 39033 544 12 box box NNP 39033 544 13 shown show VBN 39033 544 14 in in IN 39033 544 15 fig fig NN 39033 544 16 . . . 39033 545 1 30 30 CD 39033 545 2 , , , 39033 545 3 and and CC 39033 545 4 also also RB 39033 545 5 a a DT 39033 545 6 sectional sectional JJ 39033 545 7 plan plan NN 39033 545 8 ; ; : 39033 545 9 the the DT 39033 545 10 plane plane NN 39033 545 11 of of IN 39033 545 12 section section NN 39033 545 13 to to TO 39033 545 14 pass pass VB 39033 545 15 through through IN 39033 545 16 the the DT 39033 545 17 box box NN 39033 545 18 a a DT 39033 545 19 little little JJ 39033 545 20 above above IN 39033 545 21 the the DT 39033 545 22 joggles joggle NNS 39033 545 23 for for IN 39033 545 24 the the DT 39033 545 25 pillow pillow NNP 39033 545 26 block block NN 39033 545 27 . . . 39033 546 1 Scale scale NN 39033 546 2 3 3 CD 39033 546 3 inches inch NNS 39033 546 4 to to IN 39033 546 5 a a DT 39033 546 6 foot foot NN 39033 546 7 . . . 39033 547 1 [ [ -LRB- 39033 547 2 Illustration illustration NN 39033 547 3 : : : 39033 547 4 FIG FIG NNP 39033 547 5 . . . 39033 548 1 29 29 CD 39033 548 2 . . . 39033 548 3 ] ] -RRB- 39033 549 1 [ [ -LRB- 39033 549 2 Illustration illustration NN 39033 549 3 : : : 39033 549 4 FIG FIG NNP 39033 549 5 . . . 39033 550 1 30 30 CD 39033 550 2 . . . 39033 550 3 ] ] -RRB- 39033 551 1 VIII VIII NNP 39033 551 2 . . . 39033 552 1 PULLEYS PULLEYS NNP 39033 552 2 . . . 39033 553 1 _ _ NNP 39033 553 2 Velocity Velocity NNP 39033 553 3 Ratio Ratio NNP 39033 553 4 in in IN 39033 553 5 Belt Belt NNP 39033 553 6 Gearing._--Let gearing._--let ADD 39033 553 7 two two CD 39033 553 8 pulleys pulley NNS 39033 553 9 A a NN 39033 553 10 and and CC 39033 553 11 B b NN 39033 553 12 be be VB 39033 553 13 connected connect VBN 39033 553 14 by by IN 39033 553 15 a a DT 39033 553 16 belt belt NN 39033 553 17 , , , 39033 553 18 and and CC 39033 553 19 let let VB 39033 553 20 their -PRON- PRP$ 39033 553 21 diameters diameter NNS 39033 553 22 be be VB 39033 553 23 D_{1 D_{1 NNP 39033 553 24 } } -RRB- 39033 553 25 and and CC 39033 553 26 D_{2 D_{2 NNP 39033 553 27 } } -RRB- 39033 553 28 ; ; : 39033 553 29 and and CC 39033 553 30 let let VB 39033 553 31 their -PRON- PRP$ 39033 553 32 speeds speed NNS 39033 553 33 , , , 39033 553 34 in in IN 39033 553 35 revolutions revolution NNS 39033 553 36 per per IN 39033 553 37 minute minute NN 39033 553 38 , , , 39033 553 39 be be VB 39033 553 40 N_{1 N_{1 NNP 39033 553 41 } } -RRB- 39033 553 42 and and CC 39033 553 43 N_{2 N_{2 NNP 39033 553 44 } } -RRB- 39033 553 45 respectively respectively RB 39033 553 46 . . . 39033 554 1 If if IN 39033 554 2 there there EX 39033 554 3 is be VBZ 39033 554 4 no no DT 39033 554 5 slipping slipping NN 39033 554 6 , , , 39033 554 7 the the DT 39033 554 8 speeds speed NNS 39033 554 9 of of IN 39033 554 10 the the DT 39033 554 11 rims rim NNS 39033 554 12 of of IN 39033 554 13 the the DT 39033 554 14 pulleys pulley NNS 39033 554 15 will will MD 39033 554 16 be be VB 39033 554 17 the the DT 39033 554 18 same same JJ 39033 554 19 as as IN 39033 554 20 that that DT 39033 554 21 of of IN 39033 554 22 the the DT 39033 554 23 belt belt NN 39033 554 24 , , , 39033 554 25 and and CC 39033 554 26 will will MD 39033 554 27 therefore therefore RB 39033 554 28 be be VB 39033 554 29 equal equal JJ 39033 554 30 . . . 39033 555 1 Now now RB 39033 555 2 the the DT 39033 555 3 speed speed NN 39033 555 4 of of IN 39033 555 5 the the DT 39033 555 6 rim rim NN 39033 555 7 of of IN 39033 555 8 A a NN 39033 555 9 is be VBZ 39033 555 10 evidently evidently RB 39033 555 11 = = CC 39033 555 12 D_{1 d_{1 NN 39033 555 13 } } -RRB- 39033 555 14 × × NNS 39033 555 15 3.1416 3.1416 CD 39033 555 16 × × NFP 39033 555 17 N_{1 N_{1 NNP 39033 555 18 } } -RRB- 39033 555 19 ; ; : 39033 555 20 while while IN 39033 555 21 the the DT 39033 555 22 speed speed NN 39033 555 23 of of IN 39033 555 24 the the DT 39033 555 25 rim rim NN 39033 555 26 of of IN 39033 555 27 B b NN 39033 555 28 is be VBZ 39033 555 29 = = NFP 39033 555 30 D_{2 D_{2 NNP 39033 555 31 } } -RRB- 39033 555 32 × × CD 39033 555 33 3.1416 3.1416 CD 39033 555 34 × × CD 39033 555 35 N_{2 N_{2 NNP 39033 555 36 } } -RRB- 39033 555 37 . . . 39033 556 1 Hence hence RB 39033 556 2 D_{1 d_{1 NN 39033 556 3 } } -RRB- 39033 556 4 × × NN 39033 556 5 3.1416 3.1416 CD 39033 556 6 × × NFP 39033 556 7 N_{1 N_{1 NNP 39033 556 8 } } -RRB- 39033 556 9 = = NFP 39033 556 10 D_{2 D_{2 NNP 39033 556 11 } } -RRB- 39033 556 12 × × CD 39033 556 13 3.1416 3.1416 CD 39033 556 14 × × CD 39033 556 15 N_{2 N_{2 NNP 39033 556 16 } } -RRB- 39033 556 17 , , , 39033 556 18 and and CC 39033 556 19 therefore therefore RB 39033 556 20 N_{1 N_{1 NNP 39033 556 21 } } -RRB- 39033 556 22 D_{2 D_{2 NNP 39033 556 23 } } -RRB- 39033 556 24 ----- ----- NFP 39033 556 25 = = NFP 39033 556 26 ----- ----- NFP 39033 556 27 . . . 39033 557 1 N_{2 N_{2 NNP 39033 557 2 } } -RRB- 39033 557 3 D_{1 D_{1 NNP 39033 557 4 } } -RRB- 39033 557 5 _ _ NNP 39033 557 6 Pulleys Pulleys NNP 39033 557 7 for for IN 39033 557 8 Flat Flat NNP 39033 557 9 Bands._--In bands._--in NN 39033 557 10 cross cross NN 39033 557 11 section section NN 39033 557 12 the the DT 39033 557 13 rim rim NN 39033 557 14 of of IN 39033 557 15 a a DT 39033 557 16 pulley pulley NN 39033 557 17 for for IN 39033 557 18 carrying carry VBG 39033 557 19 a a DT 39033 557 20 flat flat JJ 39033 557 21 band band NN 39033 557 22 is be VBZ 39033 557 23 generally generally RB 39033 557 24 curved curve VBN 39033 557 25 as as IN 39033 557 26 shown show VBN 39033 557 27 in in IN 39033 557 28 figs fig NNS 39033 557 29 . . . 39033 558 1 31 31 CD 39033 558 2 and and CC 39033 558 3 32 32 CD 39033 558 4 , , , 39033 558 5 but but CC 39033 558 6 very very RB 39033 558 7 often often RB 39033 558 8 the the DT 39033 558 9 cross cross NN 39033 558 10 section section NN 39033 558 11 is be VBZ 39033 558 12 straight straight JJ 39033 558 13 . . . 39033 559 1 The the DT 39033 559 2 curved curved JJ 39033 559 3 cross cross NN 39033 559 4 section section NN 39033 559 5 of of IN 39033 559 6 the the DT 39033 559 7 rim rim NN 39033 559 8 tends tend VBZ 39033 559 9 to to TO 39033 559 10 keep keep VB 39033 559 11 the the DT 39033 559 12 band band NN 39033 559 13 from from IN 39033 559 14 coming come VBG 39033 559 15 off off RP 39033 559 16 as as RB 39033 559 17 long long RB 39033 559 18 as as IN 39033 559 19 the the DT 39033 559 20 pulley pulley NN 39033 559 21 is be VBZ 39033 559 22 rotating rotate VBG 39033 559 23 . . . 39033 560 1 Sometimes sometimes RB 39033 560 2 the the DT 39033 560 3 rim rim NN 39033 560 4 of of IN 39033 560 5 the the DT 39033 560 6 pulley pulley NN 39033 560 7 is be VBZ 39033 560 8 provided provide VBN 39033 560 9 with with IN 39033 560 10 flanges flange NNS 39033 560 11 which which WDT 39033 560 12 keep keep VBP 39033 560 13 the the DT 39033 560 14 band band NN 39033 560 15 from from IN 39033 560 16 falling fall VBG 39033 560 17 off off RP 39033 560 18 . . . 39033 561 1 Pulleys pulley NNS 39033 561 2 are be VBP 39033 561 3 generally generally RB 39033 561 4 made make VBN 39033 561 5 entirely entirely RB 39033 561 6 of of IN 39033 561 7 cast cast NN 39033 561 8 iron iron NN 39033 561 9 , , , 39033 561 10 but but CC 39033 561 11 a a DT 39033 561 12 great great JJ 39033 561 13 many many JJ 39033 561 14 pulleys pulley NNS 39033 561 15 are be VBP 39033 561 16 now now RB 39033 561 17 made make VBN 39033 561 18 in in IN 39033 561 19 which which WDT 39033 561 20 the the DT 39033 561 21 centre centre NN 39033 561 22 or or CC 39033 561 23 nave nave NNP 39033 561 24 only only RB 39033 561 25 is be VBZ 39033 561 26 of of IN 39033 561 27 cast cast NN 39033 561 28 iron iron NN 39033 561 29 , , , 39033 561 30 the the DT 39033 561 31 arms arm NNS 39033 561 32 being be VBG 39033 561 33 of of IN 39033 561 34 wrought wrought NN 39033 561 35 iron iron NN 39033 561 36 cast cast NN 39033 561 37 into into IN 39033 561 38 the the DT 39033 561 39 nave nave NN 39033 561 40 , , , 39033 561 41 while while IN 39033 561 42 the the DT 39033 561 43 rim rim NN 39033 561 44 is be VBZ 39033 561 45 of of IN 39033 561 46 wrought wrought JJ 39033 561 47 sheet sheet NN 39033 561 48 iron iron NN 39033 561 49 . . . 39033 562 1 The the DT 39033 562 2 arms arm NNS 39033 562 3 of of IN 39033 562 4 pulleys pulley NNS 39033 562 5 when when WRB 39033 562 6 made make VBN 39033 562 7 of of IN 39033 562 8 wrought wrought NN 39033 562 9 iron iron NN 39033 562 10 are be VBP 39033 562 11 invariably invariably RB 39033 562 12 straight straight JJ 39033 562 13 , , , 39033 562 14 but but CC 39033 562 15 when when WRB 39033 562 16 made make VBN 39033 562 17 of of IN 39033 562 18 cast cast NN 39033 562 19 iron iron NN 39033 562 20 they -PRON- PRP 39033 562 21 are be VBP 39033 562 22 very very RB 39033 562 23 often often RB 39033 562 24 curved curve VBN 39033 562 25 . . . 39033 563 1 In in IN 39033 563 2 fig fig NN 39033 563 3 . . . 39033 564 1 31 31 CD 39033 564 2 , , , 39033 564 3 which which WDT 39033 564 4 shows show VBZ 39033 564 5 an an DT 39033 564 6 arrangement arrangement NN 39033 564 7 of of IN 39033 564 8 two two CD 39033 564 9 cast cast NN 39033 564 10 - - HYPH 39033 564 11 iron iron NN 39033 564 12 pulleys pulley NNS 39033 564 13 , , , 39033 564 14 the the DT 39033 564 15 arms arm NNS 39033 564 16 are be VBP 39033 564 17 straight straight JJ 39033 564 18 ; ; : 39033 564 19 while while IN 39033 564 20 in in IN 39033 564 21 fig fig NN 39033 564 22 . . . 39033 565 1 32 32 CD 39033 565 2 , , , 39033 565 3 which which WDT 39033 565 4 shows show VBZ 39033 565 5 another another DT 39033 565 6 cast cast VBN 39033 565 7 - - HYPH 39033 565 8 iron iron NN 39033 565 9 pulley pulley NN 39033 565 10 , , , 39033 565 11 the the DT 39033 565 12 arms arm NNS 39033 565 13 are be VBP 39033 565 14 curved curved JJ 39033 565 15 . . . 39033 566 1 Through through IN 39033 566 2 unequal unequal JJ 39033 566 3 cooling cooling NN 39033 566 4 , , , 39033 566 5 and and CC 39033 566 6 therefore therefore RB 39033 566 7 unequal unequal JJ 39033 566 8 contraction contraction NN 39033 566 9 of of IN 39033 566 10 a a DT 39033 566 11 cast cast NN 39033 566 12 - - HYPH 39033 566 13 iron iron NN 39033 566 14 , , , 39033 566 15 pulley pulley NN 39033 566 16 in in IN 39033 566 17 the the DT 39033 566 18 mould mould NN 39033 566 19 , , , 39033 566 20 the the DT 39033 566 21 arms arm NNS 39033 566 22 are be VBP 39033 566 23 generally generally RB 39033 566 24 in in IN 39033 566 25 a a DT 39033 566 26 state state NN 39033 566 27 of of IN 39033 566 28 tension tension NN 39033 566 29 or or CC 39033 566 30 compression compression NN 39033 566 31 ; ; : 39033 566 32 and and CC 39033 566 33 if if IN 39033 566 34 the the DT 39033 566 35 arms arm NNS 39033 566 36 are be VBP 39033 566 37 straight straight JJ 39033 566 38 they -PRON- PRP 39033 566 39 are be VBP 39033 566 40 very very RB 39033 566 41 unyielding unyielding JJ 39033 566 42 , , , 39033 566 43 so so IN 39033 566 44 that that IN 39033 566 45 the the DT 39033 566 46 result result NN 39033 566 47 of of IN 39033 566 48 this this DT 39033 566 49 initial initial JJ 39033 566 50 stress stress NN 39033 566 51 is be VBZ 39033 566 52 often often RB 39033 566 53 the the DT 39033 566 54 breaking breaking NN 39033 566 55 of of IN 39033 566 56 an an DT 39033 566 57 arm arm NN 39033 566 58 , , , 39033 566 59 or or CC 39033 566 60 of of IN 39033 566 61 the the DT 39033 566 62 rim rim NN 39033 566 63 where where WRB 39033 566 64 it -PRON- PRP 39033 566 65 joins join VBZ 39033 566 66 an an DT 39033 566 67 arm arm NN 39033 566 68 . . . 39033 567 1 With with IN 39033 567 2 the the DT 39033 567 3 curved curved JJ 39033 567 4 arm arm NN 39033 567 5 , , , 39033 567 6 however however RB 39033 567 7 , , , 39033 567 8 its -PRON- PRP$ 39033 567 9 shape shape NN 39033 567 10 permits permit VBZ 39033 567 11 it -PRON- PRP 39033 567 12 to to TO 39033 567 13 yield yield VB 39033 567 14 , , , 39033 567 15 and and CC 39033 567 16 thus thus RB 39033 567 17 cause cause VB 39033 567 18 a a DT 39033 567 19 diminution diminution NN 39033 567 20 of of IN 39033 567 21 the the DT 39033 567 22 stress stress NN 39033 567 23 due due IN 39033 567 24 to to IN 39033 567 25 unequal unequal JJ 39033 567 26 contraction contraction NN 39033 567 27 . . . 39033 568 1 The the DT 39033 568 2 cross cross NN 39033 568 3 section section NN 39033 568 4 of of IN 39033 568 5 the the DT 39033 568 6 arms arm NNS 39033 568 7 of of IN 39033 568 8 cast cast NN 39033 568 9 - - HYPH 39033 568 10 iron iron NN 39033 568 11 pulleys pulley NNS 39033 568 12 is be VBZ 39033 568 13 generally generally RB 39033 568 14 elliptical elliptical JJ 39033 568 15 . . . 39033 569 1 [ [ -LRB- 39033 569 2 Illustration illustration NN 39033 569 3 : : : 39033 569 4 Fig Fig NNP 39033 569 5 . . . 39033 570 1 31 31 CD 39033 570 2 . . . 39033 570 3 ] ] -RRB- 39033 571 1 EXERCISE EXERCISE NNP 39033 571 2 31 31 CD 39033 571 3 : : : 39033 571 4 _ _ NNP 39033 571 5 Fast Fast NNP 39033 571 6 and and CC 39033 571 7 Loose Loose NNP 39033 571 8 Pulleys_.--Fig Pulleys_.--Fig '' 39033 571 9 . . . 39033 572 1 31 31 CD 39033 572 2 shows show VBZ 39033 572 3 an an DT 39033 572 4 arrangement arrangement NN 39033 572 5 of of IN 39033 572 6 fast fast JJ 39033 572 7 and and CC 39033 572 8 loose loose JJ 39033 572 9 pulleys pulley NNS 39033 572 10 . . . 39033 573 1 A a DT 39033 573 2 is be VBZ 39033 573 3 the the DT 39033 573 4 fast fast JJ 39033 573 5 pulley pulley NN 39033 573 6 , , , 39033 573 7 secured secure VBN 39033 573 8 to to IN 39033 573 9 the the DT 39033 573 10 shaft shaft NN 39033 573 11 C c NN 39033 573 12 by by IN 39033 573 13 a a DT 39033 573 14 sunk sink VBN 39033 573 15 key key NN 39033 573 16 ; ; : 39033 573 17 B b NN 39033 573 18 is be VBZ 39033 573 19 the the DT 39033 573 20 loose loose JJ 39033 573 21 pulley pulley NN 39033 573 22 , , , 39033 573 23 which which WDT 39033 573 24 turns turn VBZ 39033 573 25 freely freely RB 39033 573 26 upon upon IN 39033 573 27 the the DT 39033 573 28 shaft shaft NN 39033 573 29 . . . 39033 574 1 The the DT 39033 574 2 loose loose JJ 39033 574 3 pulley pulley NN 39033 574 4 is be VBZ 39033 574 5 prevented prevent VBN 39033 574 6 from from IN 39033 574 7 coming come VBG 39033 574 8 off off RP 39033 574 9 by by IN 39033 574 10 a a DT 39033 574 11 collar collar NN 39033 574 12 D d NN 39033 574 13 , , , 39033 574 14 which which WDT 39033 574 15 is be VBZ 39033 574 16 secured secure VBN 39033 574 17 to to IN 39033 574 18 the the DT 39033 574 19 shaft shaft NN 39033 574 20 by by IN 39033 574 21 a a DT 39033 574 22 tapered tapered JJ 39033 574 23 pin pin NN 39033 574 24 as as IN 39033 574 25 shown show VBN 39033 574 26 . . . 39033 575 1 The the DT 39033 575 2 nave nave NN 39033 575 3 or or CC 39033 575 4 boss boss NN 39033 575 5 of of IN 39033 575 6 the the DT 39033 575 7 loose loose JJ 39033 575 8 pulley pulley NN 39033 575 9 is be VBZ 39033 575 10 here here RB 39033 575 11 fitted fit VBN 39033 575 12 with with IN 39033 575 13 a a DT 39033 575 14 brass brass NN 39033 575 15 liner liner NN 39033 575 16 , , , 39033 575 17 which which WDT 39033 575 18 may may MD 39033 575 19 be be VB 39033 575 20 renewed renew VBN 39033 575 21 when when WRB 39033 575 22 it -PRON- PRP 39033 575 23 becomes become VBZ 39033 575 24 too too RB 39033 575 25 much much RB 39033 575 26 worn wear VBN 39033 575 27 . . . 39033 576 1 Draw draw VB 39033 576 2 the the DT 39033 576 3 elevations elevation NNS 39033 576 4 shown show VBN 39033 576 5 , , , 39033 576 6 completing complete VBG 39033 576 7 the the DT 39033 576 8 left left JJ 39033 576 9 - - HYPH 39033 576 10 hand hand NN 39033 576 11 one one NN 39033 576 12 . . . 39033 577 1 Scale scale NN 39033 577 2 6 6 CD 39033 577 3 inches inch NNS 39033 577 4 to to IN 39033 577 5 a a DT 39033 577 6 foot foot NN 39033 577 7 . . . 39033 578 1 By by IN 39033 578 2 the the DT 39033 578 3 above above JJ 39033 578 4 arrangement arrangement NN 39033 578 5 of of IN 39033 578 6 pulleys pulley NNS 39033 578 7 a a DT 39033 578 8 machine machine NN 39033 578 9 may may MD 39033 578 10 be be VB 39033 578 11 stopped stop VBN 39033 578 12 or or CC 39033 578 13 set set VBN 39033 578 14 in in IN 39033 578 15 motion motion NN 39033 578 16 at at IN 39033 578 17 pleasure pleasure NN 39033 578 18 . . . 39033 579 1 When when WRB 39033 579 2 the the DT 39033 579 3 driving drive VBG 39033 579 4 band band NN 39033 579 5 is be VBZ 39033 579 6 on on IN 39033 579 7 the the DT 39033 579 8 loose loose JJ 39033 579 9 pulley pulley NN 39033 579 10 the the DT 39033 579 11 machine machine NN 39033 579 12 is be VBZ 39033 579 13 at at IN 39033 579 14 rest rest NN 39033 579 15 , , , 39033 579 16 and and CC 39033 579 17 when when WRB 39033 579 18 it -PRON- PRP 39033 579 19 is be VBZ 39033 579 20 on on IN 39033 579 21 the the DT 39033 579 22 fast fast JJ 39033 579 23 pulley pulley NN 39033 579 24 the the DT 39033 579 25 machine machine NN 39033 579 26 is be VBZ 39033 579 27 in in IN 39033 579 28 motion motion NN 39033 579 29 . . . 39033 580 1 The the DT 39033 580 2 driving drive VBG 39033 580 3 band band NN 39033 580 4 is be VBZ 39033 580 5 shifted shift VBN 39033 580 6 from from IN 39033 580 7 the the DT 39033 580 8 one one CD 39033 580 9 pulley pulley NN 39033 580 10 to to IN 39033 580 11 the the DT 39033 580 12 other other JJ 39033 580 13 by by IN 39033 580 14 pressing press VBG 39033 580 15 on on IN 39033 580 16 that that DT 39033 580 17 side side NN 39033 580 18 of of IN 39033 580 19 the the DT 39033 580 20 band band NN 39033 580 21 which which WDT 39033 580 22 is be VBZ 39033 580 23 advancing advance VBG 39033 580 24 towards towards IN 39033 580 25 the the DT 39033 580 26 pulleys pulley NNS 39033 580 27 . . . 39033 581 1 [ [ -LRB- 39033 581 2 Illustration illustration NN 39033 581 3 : : : 39033 581 4 FIG FIG NNP 39033 581 5 . . . 39033 582 1 32 32 CD 39033 582 2 . . . 39033 582 3 ] ] -RRB- 39033 583 1 EXERCISE EXERCISE NNP 39033 583 2 32 32 CD 39033 583 3 : : : 39033 583 4 _ _ NNP 39033 583 5 Cast Cast NNP 39033 583 6 - - HYPH 39033 583 7 iron iron NN 39033 583 8 Pulley Pulley NNP 39033 583 9 with with IN 39033 583 10 Curved Curved NNP 39033 583 11 Arms Arms NNP 39033 583 12 and and CC 39033 583 13 Cone Cone NNP 39033 583 14 Keys_.--Draw Keys_.--Draw VBD 39033 583 15 a a DT 39033 583 16 complete complete JJ 39033 583 17 side side NN 39033 583 18 elevation elevation NN 39033 583 19 and and CC 39033 583 20 a a DT 39033 583 21 complete complete JJ 39033 583 22 cross cross NN 39033 583 23 section section NN 39033 583 24 of of IN 39033 583 25 the the DT 39033 583 26 pulley pulley NN 39033 583 27 represented represent VBN 39033 583 28 in in IN 39033 583 29 fig fig NN 39033 583 30 . . . 39033 584 1 32 32 CD 39033 584 2 to to IN 39033 584 3 a a DT 39033 584 4 scale scale NN 39033 584 5 of of IN 39033 584 6 3 3 CD 39033 584 7 inches inch NNS 39033 584 8 to to IN 39033 584 9 a a DT 39033 584 10 foot foot NN 39033 584 11 . . . 39033 585 1 In in IN 39033 585 2 drawing draw VBG 39033 585 3 the the DT 39033 585 4 side side NN 39033 585 5 elevation elevation NN 39033 585 6 of of IN 39033 585 7 the the DT 39033 585 8 arms arm NNS 39033 585 9 first first RB 39033 585 10 draw draw VBP 39033 585 11 the the DT 39033 585 12 centre centre NN 39033 585 13 lines line NNS 39033 585 14 as as IN 39033 585 15 shown show VBN 39033 585 16 ; ; : 39033 585 17 next next JJ 39033 585 18 draw draw NN 39033 585 19 three three CD 39033 585 20 circles circle NNS 39033 585 21 for for IN 39033 585 22 each each DT 39033 585 23 arm arm NN 39033 585 24 , , , 39033 585 25 one one CD 39033 585 26 at at IN 39033 585 27 each each DT 39033 585 28 end end NN 39033 585 29 and and CC 39033 585 30 one one CD 39033 585 31 in in IN 39033 585 32 the the DT 39033 585 33 middle middle NN 39033 585 34 ; ; : 39033 585 35 the the DT 39033 585 36 centres centre NNS 39033 585 37 of of IN 39033 585 38 these these DT 39033 585 39 circles circle NNS 39033 585 40 being be VBG 39033 585 41 on on IN 39033 585 42 the the DT 39033 585 43 centre centre NN 39033 585 44 line line NN 39033 585 45 of of IN 39033 585 46 the the DT 39033 585 47 arm arm NN 39033 585 48 , , , 39033 585 49 and and CC 39033 585 50 their -PRON- PRP$ 39033 585 51 diameters diameter NNS 39033 585 52 equal equal JJ 39033 585 53 to to IN 39033 585 54 the the DT 39033 585 55 widths width NNS 39033 585 56 of of IN 39033 585 57 the the DT 39033 585 58 arm arm NN 39033 585 59 at at IN 39033 585 60 the the DT 39033 585 61 ends end NNS 39033 585 62 and and CC 39033 585 63 at at IN 39033 585 64 the the DT 39033 585 65 middle middle NN 39033 585 66 respectively respectively RB 39033 585 67 . . . 39033 586 1 Arcs arc NNS 39033 586 2 of of IN 39033 586 3 circles circle NNS 39033 586 4 are be VBP 39033 586 5 then then RB 39033 586 6 drawn draw VBN 39033 586 7 to to TO 39033 586 8 touch touch VB 39033 586 9 these these DT 39033 586 10 three three CD 39033 586 11 circles circle NNS 39033 586 12 . . . 39033 587 1 The the DT 39033 587 2 centres centre NNS 39033 587 3 and and CC 39033 587 4 radii radii NN 39033 587 5 of of IN 39033 587 6 these these DT 39033 587 7 arcs arc NNS 39033 587 8 may may MD 39033 587 9 be be VB 39033 587 10 found find VBN 39033 587 11 by by IN 39033 587 12 trial trial NN 39033 587 13 . . . 39033 588 1 The the DT 39033 588 2 cone cone NN 39033 588 3 keys key VBZ 39033 588 4 for for IN 39033 588 5 securing secure VBG 39033 588 6 the the DT 39033 588 7 pulley pulley NN 39033 588 8 to to IN 39033 588 9 the the DT 39033 588 10 shaft shaft NN 39033 588 11 were be VBD 39033 588 12 described describe VBN 39033 588 13 on on IN 39033 588 14 p. p. NN 39033 588 15 23 23 CD 39033 588 16 . . . 39033 589 1 _ _ NNP 39033 589 2 Pulleys Pulleys NNP 39033 589 3 for for IN 39033 589 4 Ropes_.--Ropes ropes_.--rope NNS 39033 589 5 made make VBN 39033 589 6 of of IN 39033 589 7 hemp hemp NN 39033 589 8 are be VBP 39033 589 9 now now RB 39033 589 10 extensively extensively RB 39033 589 11 used use VBN 39033 589 12 for for IN 39033 589 13 transmitting transmit VBG 39033 589 14 power power NN 39033 589 15 . . . 39033 590 1 These these DT 39033 590 2 ropes rope NNS 39033 590 3 vary vary VBP 39033 590 4 in in IN 39033 590 5 diameter diameter NN 39033 590 6 from from IN 39033 590 7 1 1 CD 39033 590 8 inch inch NN 39033 590 9 to to IN 39033 590 10 2 2 CD 39033 590 11 inches inch NNS 39033 590 12 , , , 39033 590 13 and and CC 39033 590 14 are be VBP 39033 590 15 run run VBN 39033 590 16 at at IN 39033 590 17 a a DT 39033 590 18 speed speed NN 39033 590 19 of of IN 39033 590 20 about about RB 39033 590 21 4,500 4,500 CD 39033 590 22 feet foot NNS 39033 590 23 per per IN 39033 590 24 minute minute NN 39033 590 25 . . . 39033 591 1 The the DT 39033 591 2 pulleys pulley NNS 39033 591 3 for for IN 39033 591 4 these these DT 39033 591 5 ropes rope NNS 39033 591 6 are be VBP 39033 591 7 made make VBN 39033 591 8 of of IN 39033 591 9 cast cast NN 39033 591 10 iron iron NN 39033 591 11 , , , 39033 591 12 and and CC 39033 591 13 have have VBP 39033 591 14 their -PRON- PRP$ 39033 591 15 rims rim NNS 39033 591 16 grooved groove VBN 39033 591 17 as as IN 39033 591 18 shown show VBN 39033 591 19 in in IN 39033 591 20 fig fig NN 39033 591 21 . . . 39033 592 1 33 33 CD 39033 592 2 , , , 39033 592 3 which which WDT 39033 592 4 is be VBZ 39033 592 5 a a DT 39033 592 6 cross cross NN 39033 592 7 section section NN 39033 592 8 of of IN 39033 592 9 the the DT 39033 592 10 rim rim NN 39033 592 11 of of IN 39033 592 12 a a DT 39033 592 13 pulley pulley NN 39033 592 14 carrying carry VBG 39033 592 15 three three CD 39033 592 16 ropes rope NNS 39033 592 17 . . . 39033 593 1 The the DT 39033 593 2 angle angle NN 39033 593 3 of of IN 39033 593 4 the the DT 39033 593 5 V v NN 39033 593 6 is be VBZ 39033 593 7 usually usually RB 39033 593 8 45 45 CD 39033 593 9 ° ° NNS 39033 593 10 , , , 39033 593 11 and and CC 39033 593 12 the the DT 39033 593 13 rope rope NN 39033 593 14 rests rest VBZ 39033 593 15 on on IN 39033 593 16 the the DT 39033 593 17 sides side NNS 39033 593 18 of of IN 39033 593 19 the the DT 39033 593 20 groove groove NN 39033 593 21 , , , 39033 593 22 and and CC 39033 593 23 not not RB 39033 593 24 on on IN 39033 593 25 the the DT 39033 593 26 bottom bottom NN 39033 593 27 , , , 39033 593 28 so so IN 39033 593 29 that that IN 39033 593 30 it -PRON- PRP 39033 593 31 is be VBZ 39033 593 32 wedged wedge VBN 39033 593 33 in in RB 39033 593 34 , , , 39033 593 35 and and CC 39033 593 36 has have VBZ 39033 593 37 therefore therefore RB 39033 593 38 a a DT 39033 593 39 good good JJ 39033 593 40 hold hold NN 39033 593 41 of of IN 39033 593 42 the the DT 39033 593 43 pulley pulley NN 39033 593 44 . . . 39033 594 1 The the DT 39033 594 2 diameter diameter NN 39033 594 3 of of IN 39033 594 4 the the DT 39033 594 5 pulley pulley NN 39033 594 6 should should MD 39033 594 7 not not RB 39033 594 8 be be VB 39033 594 9 less less JJR 39033 594 10 than than IN 39033 594 11 30 30 CD 39033 594 12 times time NNS 39033 594 13 the the DT 39033 594 14 diameter diameter NN 39033 594 15 of of IN 39033 594 16 the the DT 39033 594 17 rope rope NN 39033 594 18 . . . 39033 595 1 Two two CD 39033 595 2 pulleys pulley NNS 39033 595 3 connected connect VBN 39033 595 4 by by IN 39033 595 5 ropes rope NNS 39033 595 6 should should MD 39033 595 7 not not RB 39033 595 8 be be VB 39033 595 9 less less JJR 39033 595 10 than than IN 39033 595 11 thirty thirty CD 39033 595 12 feet foot NNS 39033 595 13 apart apart RB 39033 595 14 from from IN 39033 595 15 centre centre NN 39033 595 16 to to IN 39033 595 17 centre centre NN 39033 595 18 , , , 39033 595 19 but but CC 39033 595 20 this this DT 39033 595 21 distance distance NN 39033 595 22 may may MD 39033 595 23 be be VB 39033 595 24 as as RB 39033 595 25 much much JJ 39033 595 26 as as IN 39033 595 27 100 100 CD 39033 595 28 feet foot NNS 39033 595 29 . . . 39033 596 1 [ [ -LRB- 39033 596 2 Illustration illustration NN 39033 596 3 : : : 39033 596 4 FIG FIG NNP 39033 596 5 . . . 39033 597 1 33 33 CD 39033 597 2 . . . 39033 597 3 ] ] -RRB- 39033 598 1 EXERCISE EXERCISE NNP 39033 598 2 33 33 CD 39033 598 3 : : : 39033 598 4 _ _ NNP 39033 598 5 Section Section NNP 39033 598 6 of of IN 39033 598 7 Rim Rim NNP 39033 598 8 of of IN 39033 598 9 Rope Rope NNP 39033 598 10 Pulley._--Draw Pulley._--Draw NNP 39033 598 11 , , , 39033 598 12 half half NN 39033 598 13 size size NN 39033 598 14 , , , 39033 598 15 the the DT 39033 598 16 section section NN 39033 598 17 of of IN 39033 598 18 the the DT 39033 598 19 rim rim NN 39033 598 20 of of IN 39033 598 21 a a DT 39033 598 22 rope rope NN 39033 598 23 pulley pulley NN 39033 598 24 shown show VBN 39033 598 25 in in IN 39033 598 26 fig fig NN 39033 598 27 . . . 39033 599 1 33 33 CD 39033 599 2 . . . 39033 600 1 IX ix NN 39033 600 2 . . . 39033 601 1 TOOTHED toothed JJ 39033 601 2 WHEELS WHEELS NNP 39033 601 3 . . . 39033 602 1 _ _ NNP 39033 602 2 Pitch Pitch NNP 39033 602 3 Surfaces Surfaces NNPS 39033 602 4 of of IN 39033 602 5 Spur Spur NNP 39033 602 6 Wheels._--Let wheels._--let CD 39033 602 7 two two CD 39033 602 8 smooth smooth JJ 39033 602 9 rollers roller NNS 39033 602 10 be be VB 39033 602 11 placed place VBN 39033 602 12 in in IN 39033 602 13 contact contact NN 39033 602 14 with with IN 39033 602 15 their -PRON- PRP$ 39033 602 16 axes axis NNS 39033 602 17 parallel parallel NN 39033 602 18 , , , 39033 602 19 and and CC 39033 602 20 let let VB 39033 602 21 one one CD 39033 602 22 of of IN 39033 602 23 them -PRON- PRP 39033 602 24 rotate rotate VBP 39033 602 25 about about IN 39033 602 26 its -PRON- PRP$ 39033 602 27 axis axi NNS 39033 602 28 ; ; : 39033 602 29 then then RB 39033 602 30 if if IN 39033 602 31 there there EX 39033 602 32 is be VBZ 39033 602 33 no no DT 39033 602 34 slipping slip VBG 39033 602 35 the the DT 39033 602 36 other other JJ 39033 602 37 roller roller NN 39033 602 38 will will MD 39033 602 39 rotate rotate VB 39033 602 40 in in IN 39033 602 41 the the DT 39033 602 42 opposite opposite JJ 39033 602 43 direction direction NN 39033 602 44 with with IN 39033 602 45 the the DT 39033 602 46 same same JJ 39033 602 47 surface surface NN 39033 602 48 velocity velocity NN 39033 602 49 ; ; : 39033 602 50 and and CC 39033 602 51 if if IN 39033 602 52 D_{1 D_{1 NNP 39033 602 53 } } -RRB- 39033 602 54 , , , 39033 602 55 D_{2 D_{2 NNP 39033 602 56 } } -RRB- 39033 602 57 be be VB 39033 602 58 the the DT 39033 602 59 diameters diameter NNS 39033 602 60 of of IN 39033 602 61 the the DT 39033 602 62 rollers roller NNS 39033 602 63 , , , 39033 602 64 and and CC 39033 602 65 N_{1 N_{1 NNP 39033 602 66 } } -RRB- 39033 602 67 , , , 39033 602 68 N_{2 N_{2 NNP 39033 602 69 } } -RRB- 39033 602 70 their -PRON- PRP$ 39033 602 71 speeds speed NNS 39033 602 72 in in IN 39033 602 73 revolutions revolution NNS 39033 602 74 per per IN 39033 602 75 minute minute NN 39033 602 76 , , , 39033 602 77 it -PRON- PRP 39033 602 78 follows follow VBZ 39033 602 79 as as IN 39033 602 80 in in IN 39033 602 81 belt belt NN 39033 602 82 gearing gear VBG 39033 602 83 that-- that-- NNP 39033 602 84 N_{1 N_{1 NNP 39033 602 85 } } -RRB- 39033 602 86 D_{2 D_{2 NNP 39033 602 87 } } -RRB- 39033 602 88 ----- ----- NFP 39033 602 89 = = NFP 39033 602 90 ----- ----- NFP 39033 602 91 . . . 39033 603 1 N_{2 N_{2 NNP 39033 603 2 } } -RRB- 39033 603 3 D_{1 D_{1 NNP 39033 603 4 } } -RRB- 39033 603 5 If if IN 39033 603 6 there there EX 39033 603 7 be be VBP 39033 603 8 considerable considerable JJ 39033 603 9 resistance resistance NN 39033 603 10 to to IN 39033 603 11 the the DT 39033 603 12 motion motion NN 39033 603 13 of of IN 39033 603 14 the the DT 39033 603 15 follower follower NN 39033 603 16 slipping slipping NN 39033 603 17 may may MD 39033 603 18 take take VB 39033 603 19 place place NN 39033 603 20 , , , 39033 603 21 and and CC 39033 603 22 it -PRON- PRP 39033 603 23 may may MD 39033 603 24 stop stop VB 39033 603 25 . . . 39033 604 1 To to TO 39033 604 2 prevent prevent VB 39033 604 3 this this DT 39033 604 4 the the DT 39033 604 5 rollers roller NNS 39033 604 6 may may MD 39033 604 7 be be VB 39033 604 8 provided provide VBN 39033 604 9 with with IN 39033 604 10 teeth tooth NNS 39033 604 11 ; ; : 39033 604 12 then then RB 39033 604 13 they -PRON- PRP 39033 604 14 become become VBP 39033 604 15 _ _ NNP 39033 604 16 spur spur NN 39033 604 17 wheels wheel NNS 39033 604 18 _ _ NNP 39033 604 19 ; ; : 39033 604 20 and and CC 39033 604 21 if if IN 39033 604 22 the the DT 39033 604 23 teeth tooth NNS 39033 604 24 be be VB 39033 604 25 so so RB 39033 604 26 shaped shaped JJ 39033 604 27 that that IN 39033 604 28 the the DT 39033 604 29 ratio ratio NN 39033 604 30 of of IN 39033 604 31 the the DT 39033 604 32 speeds speed NNS 39033 604 33 of of IN 39033 604 34 the the DT 39033 604 35 toothed toothed JJ 39033 604 36 rollers roller NNS 39033 604 37 at at IN 39033 604 38 any any DT 39033 604 39 instant instant NN 39033 604 40 is be VBZ 39033 604 41 the the DT 39033 604 42 same same JJ 39033 604 43 as as IN 39033 604 44 that that DT 39033 604 45 of of IN 39033 604 46 the the DT 39033 604 47 smooth smooth JJ 39033 604 48 rollers roller NNS 39033 604 49 , , , 39033 604 50 the the DT 39033 604 51 surfaces surface NNS 39033 604 52 of of IN 39033 604 53 the the DT 39033 604 54 latter latter JJ 39033 604 55 are be VBP 39033 604 56 called call VBN 39033 604 57 the the DT 39033 604 58 _ _ NNP 39033 604 59 pitch pitch NN 39033 604 60 surfaces surface VBZ 39033 604 61 _ _ NNP 39033 604 62 of of IN 39033 604 63 the the DT 39033 604 64 former former JJ 39033 604 65 . . . 39033 605 1 _ _ NNP 39033 605 2 Pitch Pitch NNP 39033 605 3 Circle._--A Circle._--A NNP 39033 605 4 section section NN 39033 605 5 of of IN 39033 605 6 the the DT 39033 605 7 pitch pitch NN 39033 605 8 surface surface NN 39033 605 9 of of IN 39033 605 10 a a DT 39033 605 11 toothed toothed JJ 39033 605 12 wheel wheel NN 39033 605 13 by by IN 39033 605 14 a a DT 39033 605 15 plane plane NN 39033 605 16 perpendicular perpendicular JJ 39033 605 17 to to IN 39033 605 18 its -PRON- PRP$ 39033 605 19 axis axi NNS 39033 605 20 is be VBZ 39033 605 21 a a DT 39033 605 22 circle circle NN 39033 605 23 , , , 39033 605 24 and and CC 39033 605 25 is be VBZ 39033 605 26 called call VBN 39033 605 27 a a DT 39033 605 28 _ _ NNP 39033 605 29 pitch pitch NN 39033 605 30 circle circle NN 39033 605 31 _ _ NNP 39033 605 32 . . . 39033 606 1 We -PRON- PRP 39033 606 2 may may MD 39033 606 3 also also RB 39033 606 4 say say VB 39033 606 5 that that IN 39033 606 6 the the DT 39033 606 7 pitch pitch NN 39033 606 8 circle circle NN 39033 606 9 is be VBZ 39033 606 10 the the DT 39033 606 11 edge edge NN 39033 606 12 of of IN 39033 606 13 the the DT 39033 606 14 pitch pitch NN 39033 606 15 surface surface NN 39033 606 16 . . . 39033 607 1 The the DT 39033 607 2 pitch pitch NN 39033 607 3 circle circle NN 39033 607 4 is be VBZ 39033 607 5 generally generally RB 39033 607 6 traced trace VBN 39033 607 7 on on IN 39033 607 8 the the DT 39033 607 9 side side NN 39033 607 10 of of IN 39033 607 11 a a DT 39033 607 12 toothed toothed JJ 39033 607 13 wheel wheel NN 39033 607 14 , , , 39033 607 15 and and CC 39033 607 16 is be VBZ 39033 607 17 rather rather RB 39033 607 18 nearer nearer VB 39033 607 19 the the DT 39033 607 20 points point NNS 39033 607 21 of of IN 39033 607 22 the the DT 39033 607 23 teeth tooth NNS 39033 607 24 than than IN 39033 607 25 the the DT 39033 607 26 roots root NNS 39033 607 27 . . . 39033 608 1 _ _ NNP 39033 608 2 Pitch Pitch NNP 39033 608 3 of of IN 39033 608 4 Teeth._--The teeth._--the CD 39033 608 5 distance distance NN 39033 608 6 from from IN 39033 608 7 the the DT 39033 608 8 centre centre NN 39033 608 9 of of IN 39033 608 10 one one CD 39033 608 11 tooth tooth NN 39033 608 12 to to IN 39033 608 13 the the DT 39033 608 14 centre centre NN 39033 608 15 of of IN 39033 608 16 the the DT 39033 608 17 next next JJ 39033 608 18 , , , 39033 608 19 or or CC 39033 608 20 from from IN 39033 608 21 the the DT 39033 608 22 front front NN 39033 608 23 of of IN 39033 608 24 one one CD 39033 608 25 to to IN 39033 608 26 the the DT 39033 608 27 front front NN 39033 608 28 of of IN 39033 608 29 the the DT 39033 608 30 next next JJ 39033 608 31 , , , 39033 608 32 _ _ NNP 39033 608 33 measured measure VBN 39033 608 34 at at IN 39033 608 35 the the DT 39033 608 36 pitch pitch NNP 39033 608 37 circle circle NNP 39033 608 38 _ _ NNP 39033 608 39 , , , 39033 608 40 is be VBZ 39033 608 41 called call VBN 39033 608 42 the the DT 39033 608 43 _ _ NNP 39033 608 44 pitch pitch NN 39033 608 45 of of IN 39033 608 46 the the DT 39033 608 47 teeth tooth NNS 39033 608 48 _ _ NNP 39033 608 49 . . . 39033 609 1 If if IN 39033 609 2 D d NN 39033 609 3 be be VBP 39033 609 4 the the DT 39033 609 5 diameter diameter NN 39033 609 6 of of IN 39033 609 7 the the DT 39033 609 8 pitch pitch NNP 39033 609 9 circle circle NN 39033 609 10 of of IN 39033 609 11 a a DT 39033 609 12 wheel wheel NN 39033 609 13 , , , 39033 609 14 _ _ NNP 39033 609 15 n n CC 39033 609 16 _ _ NNP 39033 609 17 the the DT 39033 609 18 number number NN 39033 609 19 of of IN 39033 609 20 teeth tooth NNS 39033 609 21 , , , 39033 609 22 and and CC 39033 609 23 _ _ NNP 39033 609 24 p p NNP 39033 609 25 _ _ NNP 39033 609 26 the the DT 39033 609 27 pitch pitch NN 39033 609 28 of of IN 39033 609 29 the the DT 39033 609 30 teeth tooth NNS 39033 609 31 , , , 39033 609 32 then then RB 39033 609 33 D d NN 39033 609 34 × × CD 39033 609 35 3.1416 3.1416 CD 39033 609 36 = = SYM 39033 609 37 _ _ NNP 39033 609 38 n n CC 39033 609 39 _ _ NNP 39033 609 40 × × NN 39033 609 41 _ _ NNP 39033 609 42 p p NNP 39033 609 43 _ _ NNP 39033 609 44 . . . 39033 610 1 [ [ -LRB- 39033 610 2 Illustration illustration NN 39033 610 3 : : : 39033 610 4 FIG FIG NNP 39033 610 5 . . . 39033 611 1 34 34 CD 39033 611 2 . . . 39033 611 3 ] ] -RRB- 39033 612 1 By by IN 39033 612 2 the the DT 39033 612 3 diameter diameter NN 39033 612 4 of of IN 39033 612 5 a a DT 39033 612 6 wheel wheel NN 39033 612 7 is be VBZ 39033 612 8 meant mean VBN 39033 612 9 the the DT 39033 612 10 diameter diameter NN 39033 612 11 of of IN 39033 612 12 its -PRON- PRP$ 39033 612 13 pitch pitch NN 39033 612 14 circle circle NN 39033 612 15 . . . 39033 613 1 _ _ NNP 39033 613 2 Form Form NNP 39033 613 3 and and CC 39033 613 4 Proportions Proportions NNPS 39033 613 5 of of IN 39033 613 6 Teeth._--The teeth._--the CD 39033 613 7 ordinary ordinary JJ 39033 613 8 form form NN 39033 613 9 of of IN 39033 613 10 wheel wheel NN 39033 613 11 teeth tooth NNS 39033 613 12 is be VBZ 39033 613 13 shown show VBN 39033 613 14 in in IN 39033 613 15 fig fig NN 39033 613 16 . . . 39033 614 1 34 34 CD 39033 614 2 . . . 39033 615 1 The the DT 39033 615 2 curves curve NNS 39033 615 3 of of IN 39033 615 4 the the DT 39033 615 5 teeth tooth NNS 39033 615 6 should should MD 39033 615 7 be be VB 39033 615 8 cycloidal cycloidal JJ 39033 615 9 curves curve NNS 39033 615 10 , , , 39033 615 11 although although IN 39033 615 12 they -PRON- PRP 39033 615 13 are be VBP 39033 615 14 generally generally RB 39033 615 15 drawn draw VBN 39033 615 16 in in RP 39033 615 17 as as IN 39033 615 18 arcs arc NNS 39033 615 19 of of IN 39033 615 20 circles circle NNS 39033 615 21 . . . 39033 616 1 It -PRON- PRP 39033 616 2 does do VBZ 39033 616 3 not not RB 39033 616 4 fall fall VB 39033 616 5 within within IN 39033 616 6 the the DT 39033 616 7 scope scope NN 39033 616 8 of of IN 39033 616 9 this this DT 39033 616 10 work work NN 39033 616 11 to to TO 39033 616 12 discuss discuss VB 39033 616 13 the the DT 39033 616 14 correct correct JJ 39033 616 15 forms form NNS 39033 616 16 of of IN 39033 616 17 wheel wheel NN 39033 616 18 teeth tooth NNS 39033 616 19 . . . 39033 617 1 The the DT 39033 617 2 student student NN 39033 617 3 will will MD 39033 617 4 find find VB 39033 617 5 the the DT 39033 617 6 theory theory NN 39033 617 7 of of IN 39033 617 8 the the DT 39033 617 9 teeth tooth NNS 39033 617 10 of of IN 39033 617 11 wheels wheel NNS 39033 617 12 clearly clearly RB 39033 617 13 and and CC 39033 617 14 fully fully RB 39033 617 15 explained explain VBN 39033 617 16 in in IN 39033 617 17 Goodeve Goodeve NNP 39033 617 18 's 's POS 39033 617 19 ' ' `` 39033 617 20 Elements Elements NNPS 39033 617 21 of of IN 39033 617 22 Mechanism Mechanism NNP 39033 617 23 , , , 39033 617 24 ' ' '' 39033 617 25 and and CC 39033 617 26 in in IN 39033 617 27 Unwin Unwin NNP 39033 617 28 's 's POS 39033 617 29 ' ' '' 39033 617 30 Machine Machine NNP 39033 617 31 Design Design NNP 39033 617 32 . . . 39033 617 33 ' ' '' 39033 618 1 The the DT 39033 618 2 following follow VBG 39033 618 3 proportions proportion NNS 39033 618 4 for for IN 39033 618 5 the the DT 39033 618 6 teeth tooth NNS 39033 618 7 of of IN 39033 618 8 ordinary ordinary JJ 39033 618 9 toothed toothed JJ 39033 618 10 wheels wheel NNS 39033 618 11 may may MD 39033 618 12 be be VB 39033 618 13 taken take VBN 39033 618 14 as as IN 39033 618 15 representing represent VBG 39033 618 16 average average JJ 39033 618 17 practice:-- practice:-- NNP 39033 618 18 Pitch pitch NN 39033 618 19 of of IN 39033 618 20 teeth tooth NNS 39033 618 21 = = NFP 39033 618 22 _ _ NNP 39033 618 23 p p NNP 39033 618 24 _ _ NNP 39033 618 25 = = SYM 39033 618 26 arc arc NNP 39033 618 27 _ _ NNP 39033 618 28 a a DT 39033 618 29 b b NN 39033 618 30 c c NN 39033 618 31 _ _ NN 39033 618 32 ( ( -LRB- 39033 618 33 fig fig NN 39033 618 34 . . . 39033 619 1 34 34 CD 39033 619 2 ) ) -RRB- 39033 619 3 . . . 39033 620 1 Thickness thickness NN 39033 620 2 of of IN 39033 620 3 tooth tooth NN 39033 620 4 = = SYM 39033 620 5 _ _ NNP 39033 620 6 b b NNP 39033 620 7 c c NNP 39033 620 8 _ _ NNP 39033 620 9 = = NFP 39033 620 10 .48_p .48_p . 39033 620 11 _ _ NNP 39033 620 12 . . . 39033 621 1 Width width NN 39033 621 2 of of IN 39033 621 3 space space NN 39033 621 4 = = SYM 39033 621 5 _ _ NNP 39033 621 6 a a DT 39033 621 7 b b NN 39033 621 8 _ _ NN 39033 621 9 = = SYM 39033 621 10 .52_p .52_p . 39033 621 11 _ _ NNP 39033 621 12 . . . 39033 622 1 Total total JJ 39033 622 2 height height NN 39033 622 3 of of IN 39033 622 4 tooth tooth NNP 39033 622 5 = = SYM 39033 622 6 _ _ NNP 39033 622 7 h h NNP 39033 622 8 _ _ NNP 39033 622 9 = = NFP 39033 622 10 .7_p .7_p NFP 39033 622 11 _ _ NNP 39033 622 12 . . . 39033 623 1 Height height NN 39033 623 2 of of IN 39033 623 3 tooth tooth NN 39033 623 4 above above IN 39033 623 5 pitch pitch NN 39033 623 6 line line NN 39033 623 7 = = -RRB- 39033 623 8 _ _ NNP 39033 623 9 k k NNP 39033 623 10 _ _ NNP 39033 623 11 = = SYM 39033 623 12 .3_p .3_p . 39033 623 13 _ _ NNP 39033 623 14 . . . 39033 624 1 Depth depth NN 39033 624 2 of of IN 39033 624 3 tooth tooth NN 39033 624 4 below below IN 39033 624 5 pitch pitch NN 39033 624 6 line line NN 39033 624 7 = = -RRB- 39033 624 8 _ _ NNP 39033 624 9 l l NNP 39033 624 10 _ _ NNP 39033 624 11 = = SYM 39033 624 12 .4_p .4_p . 39033 624 13 _ _ NNP 39033 624 14 . . . 39033 625 1 Width width NN 39033 625 2 of of IN 39033 625 3 tooth tooth NN 39033 625 4 = = SYM 39033 625 5 2_p 2_p CD 39033 625 6 _ _ NNP 39033 625 7 to to IN 39033 625 8 3_p 3_p CD 39033 625 9 _ _ NNP 39033 625 10 . . . 39033 626 1 EXERCISE EXERCISE NNP 39033 626 2 34 34 CD 39033 626 3 : : : 39033 626 4 _ _ NNP 39033 626 5 Spur Spur NNP 39033 626 6 Wheel._--Fig Wheel._--Fig NNP 39033 626 7 . . . 39033 627 1 35 35 CD 39033 627 2 shows show VBZ 39033 627 3 the the DT 39033 627 4 elevation elevation NN 39033 627 5 and and CC 39033 627 6 sectional sectional JJ 39033 627 7 plan plan NN 39033 627 8 of of IN 39033 627 9 a a DT 39033 627 10 portion portion NN 39033 627 11 of of IN 39033 627 12 a a DT 39033 627 13 cast cast NN 39033 627 14 - - HYPH 39033 627 15 iron iron NN 39033 627 16 spur spur NN 39033 627 17 wheel wheel NN 39033 627 18 . . . 39033 628 1 The the DT 39033 628 2 diameter diameter NN 39033 628 3 of of IN 39033 628 4 the the DT 39033 628 5 pitch pitch NN 39033 628 6 circle circle NN 39033 628 7 is be VBZ 39033 628 8 23 23 CD 39033 628 9 - - SYM 39033 628 10 7/8 7/8 CD 39033 628 11 inches inch NNS 39033 628 12 , , , 39033 628 13 and and CC 39033 628 14 the the DT 39033 628 15 pitch pitch NN 39033 628 16 of of IN 39033 628 17 the the DT 39033 628 18 teeth tooth NNS 39033 628 19 is be VBZ 39033 628 20 1 1 CD 39033 628 21 - - SYM 39033 628 22 1/2 1/2 CD 39033 628 23 inches inch NNS 39033 628 24 , , , 39033 628 25 so so IN 39033 628 26 that that IN 39033 628 27 there there EX 39033 628 28 will will MD 39033 628 29 be be VB 39033 628 30 50 50 CD 39033 628 31 teeth tooth NNS 39033 628 32 in in IN 39033 628 33 the the DT 39033 628 34 wheel wheel NN 39033 628 35 . . . 39033 629 1 The the DT 39033 629 2 wheel wheel NN 39033 629 3 has have VBZ 39033 629 4 six six CD 39033 629 5 arms arm NNS 39033 629 6 . . . 39033 630 1 Draw draw VB 39033 630 2 a a DT 39033 630 3 complete complete JJ 39033 630 4 elevation elevation NN 39033 630 5 of of IN 39033 630 6 the the DT 39033 630 7 wheel wheel NN 39033 630 8 and and CC 39033 630 9 a a DT 39033 630 10 half half JJ 39033 630 11 sectional sectional JJ 39033 630 12 plan plan NN 39033 630 13 , , , 39033 630 14 also also RB 39033 630 15 a a DT 39033 630 16 half half JJ 39033 630 17 - - HYPH 39033 630 18 plan plan NN 39033 630 19 without without IN 39033 630 20 any any DT 39033 630 21 section section NN 39033 630 22 . . . 39033 631 1 Draw draw VB 39033 631 2 also also RB 39033 631 3 a a DT 39033 631 4 cross cross NN 39033 631 5 section section NN 39033 631 6 of of IN 39033 631 7 one one CD 39033 631 8 arm arm NN 39033 631 9 . . . 39033 632 1 Scale scale NN 39033 632 2 4 4 CD 39033 632 3 inches inch NNS 39033 632 4 to to IN 39033 632 5 a a DT 39033 632 6 foot foot NN 39033 632 7 . . . 39033 633 1 [ [ -LRB- 39033 633 2 Illustration illustration NN 39033 633 3 : : : 39033 633 4 FIG FIG NNP 39033 633 5 . . . 39033 634 1 35 35 CD 39033 634 2 . . . 39033 634 3 ] ] -RRB- 39033 635 1 _ _ NNP 39033 635 2 Mortise Mortise NNP 39033 635 3 Wheels._--When Wheels._--When NNP 39033 635 4 two two CD 39033 635 5 wheels wheel NNS 39033 635 6 gearing gear VBG 39033 635 7 together together RB 39033 635 8 run run VBP 39033 635 9 at at IN 39033 635 10 a a DT 39033 635 11 high high JJ 39033 635 12 speed speed NN 39033 635 13 the the DT 39033 635 14 teeth tooth NNS 39033 635 15 of of IN 39033 635 16 one one CD 39033 635 17 are be VBP 39033 635 18 made make VBN 39033 635 19 of of IN 39033 635 20 wood wood NN 39033 635 21 . . . 39033 636 1 These these DT 39033 636 2 teeth tooth NNS 39033 636 3 , , , 39033 636 4 or or CC 39033 636 5 cogs cog NNS 39033 636 6 , , , 39033 636 7 as as IN 39033 636 8 they -PRON- PRP 39033 636 9 are be VBP 39033 636 10 generally generally RB 39033 636 11 called call VBN 39033 636 12 , , , 39033 636 13 have have VBP 39033 636 14 tenons tenon NNS 39033 636 15 formed form VBN 39033 636 16 on on IN 39033 636 17 them -PRON- PRP 39033 636 18 , , , 39033 636 19 which which WDT 39033 636 20 fit fit VBP 39033 636 21 into into IN 39033 636 22 mortises mortise NNS 39033 636 23 in in IN 39033 636 24 the the DT 39033 636 25 rim rim NN 39033 636 26 of of IN 39033 636 27 the the DT 39033 636 28 wheel wheel NN 39033 636 29 . . . 39033 637 1 This this DT 39033 637 2 wheel wheel NN 39033 637 3 with with IN 39033 637 4 the the DT 39033 637 5 wooden wooden JJ 39033 637 6 teeth tooth NNS 39033 637 7 is be VBZ 39033 637 8 called call VBN 39033 637 9 a a DT 39033 637 10 _ _ NNP 39033 637 11 mortise mortise NN 39033 637 12 wheel wheel NN 39033 637 13 _ _ NNP 39033 637 14 . . . 39033 638 1 An an DT 39033 638 2 example example NN 39033 638 3 of of IN 39033 638 4 a a DT 39033 638 5 mortise mortise NN 39033 638 6 wheel wheel NN 39033 638 7 is be VBZ 39033 638 8 shown show VBN 39033 638 9 in in IN 39033 638 10 fig fig NN 39033 638 11 . . . 39033 639 1 36 36 CD 39033 639 2 . . . 39033 640 1 [ [ -LRB- 39033 640 2 Illustration illustration NN 39033 640 3 : : : 39033 640 4 FIG FIG NNP 39033 640 5 . . . 39033 641 1 36 36 CD 39033 641 2 . . . 39033 641 3 ] ] -RRB- 39033 642 1 _ _ NNP 39033 642 2 Bevil Bevil NNP 39033 642 3 Wheels._--In wheels._--in NN 39033 642 4 bevil bevil NN 39033 642 5 wheels wheel VBZ 39033 642 6 the the DT 39033 642 7 pitch pitch NN 39033 642 8 surfaces surface NNS 39033 642 9 are be VBP 39033 642 10 parts part NNS 39033 642 11 of of IN 39033 642 12 cones cone NNS 39033 642 13 . . . 39033 643 1 Bevil bevil JJ 39033 643 2 wheels wheel NNS 39033 643 3 are be VBP 39033 643 4 used use VBN 39033 643 5 to to TO 39033 643 6 connect connect VB 39033 643 7 shafts shaft NNS 39033 643 8 which which WDT 39033 643 9 are be VBP 39033 643 10 inclined inclined JJ 39033 643 11 to to IN 39033 643 12 one one CD 39033 643 13 another another DT 39033 643 14 , , , 39033 643 15 whereas whereas IN 39033 643 16 spur spur NN 39033 643 17 wheels wheel NNS 39033 643 18 are be VBP 39033 643 19 used use VBN 39033 643 20 to to TO 39033 643 21 connect connect VB 39033 643 22 parallel parallel JJ 39033 643 23 shafts shaft NNS 39033 643 24 . . . 39033 644 1 In in IN 39033 644 2 fig fig NN 39033 644 3 . . . 39033 645 1 36 36 CD 39033 645 2 is be VBZ 39033 645 3 shown show VBN 39033 645 4 a a DT 39033 645 5 pair pair NN 39033 645 6 of of IN 39033 645 7 bevil bevil JJ 39033 645 8 wheels wheel NNS 39033 645 9 in in IN 39033 645 10 gear gear NN 39033 645 11 , , , 39033 645 12 one one CD 39033 645 13 of of IN 39033 645 14 them -PRON- PRP 39033 645 15 being be VBG 39033 645 16 a a DT 39033 645 17 mortise mortise NN 39033 645 18 wheel wheel NN 39033 645 19 . . . 39033 646 1 At at IN 39033 646 2 ( ( -LRB- 39033 646 3 _ _ NNP 39033 646 4 a a DT 39033 646 5 _ _ NNP 39033 646 6 ) ) -RRB- 39033 646 7 is be VBZ 39033 646 8 a a DT 39033 646 9 separate separate JJ 39033 646 10 drawing drawing NN 39033 646 11 , , , 39033 646 12 to to IN 39033 646 13 a a DT 39033 646 14 smaller small JJR 39033 646 15 scale scale NN 39033 646 16 , , , 39033 646 17 of of IN 39033 646 18 the the DT 39033 646 19 pitch pitch NN 39033 646 20 cones cone NNS 39033 646 21 . . . 39033 647 1 The the DT 39033 647 2 pitch pitch NN 39033 647 3 cones cone NNS 39033 647 4 are be VBP 39033 647 5 shown show VBN 39033 647 6 on on IN 39033 647 7 the the DT 39033 647 8 drawing drawing NN 39033 647 9 of of IN 39033 647 10 the the DT 39033 647 11 complete complete JJ 39033 647 12 wheels wheel NNS 39033 647 13 by by IN 39033 647 14 dotted dotted JJ 39033 647 15 lines line NNS 39033 647 16 . . . 39033 648 1 The the DT 39033 648 2 diameters diameter NNS 39033 648 3 of of IN 39033 648 4 bevil bevil JJ 39033 648 5 wheels wheel NNS 39033 648 6 are be VBP 39033 648 7 the the DT 39033 648 8 diameters diameter NNS 39033 648 9 of of IN 39033 648 10 the the DT 39033 648 11 bases basis NNS 39033 648 12 of of IN 39033 648 13 their -PRON- PRP$ 39033 648 14 pitch pitch NN 39033 648 15 cones cone NNS 39033 648 16 . . . 39033 649 1 EXERCISE EXERCISE NNP 39033 649 2 35 35 CD 39033 649 3 : : : 39033 649 4 _ _ NNP 39033 649 5 Pair Pair NNP 39033 649 6 of of IN 39033 649 7 Bevil Bevil NNP 39033 649 8 Wheels._--Draw Wheels._--Draw VBD 39033 649 9 the the DT 39033 649 10 sectional sectional JJ 39033 649 11 elevation elevation NN 39033 649 12 of of IN 39033 649 13 the the DT 39033 649 14 bevil bevil JJ 39033 649 15 wheels wheel NNS 39033 649 16 shown show VBN 39033 649 17 in in IN 39033 649 18 gear gear NN 39033 649 19 in in IN 39033 649 20 fig fig NN 39033 649 21 . . . 39033 650 1 36 36 CD 39033 650 2 . . . 39033 651 1 Commence commence NN 39033 651 2 by by IN 39033 651 3 drawing draw VBG 39033 651 4 the the DT 39033 651 5 centre centre NN 39033 651 6 lines line NNS 39033 651 7 of of IN 39033 651 8 the the DT 39033 651 9 shafts shaft NNS 39033 651 10 , , , 39033 651 11 which which WDT 39033 651 12 in in IN 39033 651 13 this this DT 39033 651 14 example example NN 39033 651 15 are be VBP 39033 651 16 at at IN 39033 651 17 right right JJ 39033 651 18 angles angle NNS 39033 651 19 to to IN 39033 651 20 one one CD 39033 651 21 another another DT 39033 651 22 ; ; : 39033 651 23 then then RB 39033 651 24 draw draw VB 39033 651 25 the the DT 39033 651 26 pitch pitch NN 39033 651 27 cones cone NNS 39033 651 28 shown show VBN 39033 651 29 by by IN 39033 651 30 dotted dotted JJ 39033 651 31 lines line NNS 39033 651 32 . . . 39033 652 1 Next next JJ 39033 652 2 put put NN 39033 652 3 in in IN 39033 652 4 the the DT 39033 652 5 teeth tooth NNS 39033 652 6 which which WDT 39033 652 7 come come VBP 39033 652 8 into into IN 39033 652 9 the the DT 39033 652 10 plane plane NN 39033 652 11 of of IN 39033 652 12 the the DT 39033 652 13 section section NN 39033 652 14 , , , 39033 652 15 then then RB 39033 652 16 complete complete VB 39033 652 17 the the DT 39033 652 18 sections section NNS 39033 652 19 of of IN 39033 652 20 the the DT 39033 652 21 wheels wheel NNS 39033 652 22 . . . 39033 653 1 The the DT 39033 653 2 pinion pinion NN 39033 653 3 or or CC 39033 653 4 smaller small JJR 39033 653 5 wheel wheel NN 39033 653 6 has have VBZ 39033 653 7 25 25 CD 39033 653 8 teeth tooth NNS 39033 653 9 , , , 39033 653 10 and and CC 39033 653 11 the the DT 39033 653 12 wheel wheel NN 39033 653 13 has have VBZ 39033 653 14 50 50 CD 39033 653 15 teeth tooth NNS 39033 653 16 , , , 39033 653 17 which which WDT 39033 653 18 makes make VBZ 39033 653 19 the the DT 39033 653 20 pitch pitch NN 39033 653 21 a a DT 39033 653 22 little little JJ 39033 653 23 over over IN 39033 653 24 3 3 CD 39033 653 25 inches inch NNS 39033 653 26 . . . 39033 654 1 Each each DT 39033 654 2 tooth tooth NN 39033 654 3 of of IN 39033 654 4 the the DT 39033 654 5 mortise mortise NN 39033 654 6 wheel wheel NN 39033 654 7 is be VBZ 39033 654 8 secured secure VBN 39033 654 9 as as IN 39033 654 10 shown show VBN 39033 654 11 by by IN 39033 654 12 an an DT 39033 654 13 iron iron NN 39033 654 14 pin pin XX 39033 654 15 5/16 5/16 CD 39033 654 16 inch inch NN 39033 654 17 diameter diameter NN 39033 654 18 . . . 39033 655 1 Scale scale NN 39033 655 2 3 3 CD 39033 655 3 inches inch NNS 39033 655 4 to to IN 39033 655 5 a a DT 39033 655 6 foot foot NN 39033 655 7 . . . 39033 656 1 X. X. NNP 39033 656 2 CRANKS CRANKS NNP 39033 656 3 AND and CC 39033 656 4 CRANKED CRANKED NNP 39033 656 5 SHAFTS SHAFTS NNP 39033 656 6 . . . 39033 657 1 The the DT 39033 657 2 most most RBS 39033 657 3 important important JJ 39033 657 4 application application NN 39033 657 5 of of IN 39033 657 6 the the DT 39033 657 7 crank crank NN 39033 657 8 is be VBZ 39033 657 9 in in IN 39033 657 10 the the DT 39033 657 11 steam steam NN 39033 657 12 - - HYPH 39033 657 13 engine engine NN 39033 657 14 , , , 39033 657 15 where where WRB 39033 657 16 the the DT 39033 657 17 reciprocating reciprocate VBG 39033 657 18 rectilineal rectilineal JJ 39033 657 19 motion motion NN 39033 657 20 of of IN 39033 657 21 the the DT 39033 657 22 piston piston NN 39033 657 23 is be VBZ 39033 657 24 converted convert VBN 39033 657 25 into into IN 39033 657 26 the the DT 39033 657 27 rotary rotary JJ 39033 657 28 motion motion NN 39033 657 29 of of IN 39033 657 30 the the DT 39033 657 31 crank crank NN 39033 657 32 - - HYPH 39033 657 33 shaft shaft NN 39033 657 34 by by IN 39033 657 35 means mean NNS 39033 657 36 of of IN 39033 657 37 the the DT 39033 657 38 crank crank NN 39033 657 39 and and CC 39033 657 40 connecting connect VBG 39033 657 41 rod rod NN 39033 657 42 . . . 39033 658 1 At at IN 39033 658 2 one one CD 39033 658 3 time time NN 39033 658 4 steam steam NN 39033 658 5 - - HYPH 39033 658 6 engine engine NN 39033 658 7 cranks crank NNS 39033 658 8 were be VBD 39033 658 9 largely largely RB 39033 658 10 made make VBN 39033 658 11 of of IN 39033 658 12 cast cast NN 39033 658 13 iron iron NN 39033 658 14 , , , 39033 658 15 now now RB 39033 658 16 they -PRON- PRP 39033 658 17 are be VBP 39033 658 18 always always RB 39033 658 19 made make VBN 39033 658 20 of of IN 39033 658 21 wrought wrought NN 39033 658 22 iron iron NN 39033 658 23 or or CC 39033 658 24 steel steel NN 39033 658 25 . . . 39033 659 1 The the DT 39033 659 2 crank crank NN 39033 659 3 is be VBZ 39033 659 4 either either CC 39033 659 5 forged forge VBN 39033 659 6 in in IN 39033 659 7 one one CD 39033 659 8 piece piece NN 39033 659 9 with with IN 39033 659 10 the the DT 39033 659 11 shaft shaft NN 39033 659 12 , , , 39033 659 13 or or CC 39033 659 14 it -PRON- PRP 39033 659 15 is be VBZ 39033 659 16 made make VBN 39033 659 17 separately separately RB 39033 659 18 and and CC 39033 659 19 then then RB 39033 659 20 keyed key VBD 39033 659 21 to to IN 39033 659 22 it -PRON- PRP 39033 659 23 . . . 39033 660 1 _ _ NNP 39033 660 2 Overhung Overhung NNP 39033 660 3 Crank._--Fig Crank._--Fig NNP 39033 660 4 . . . 39033 661 1 37 37 CD 39033 661 2 shows show VBZ 39033 661 3 a a DT 39033 661 4 wrought wrought NN 39033 661 5 - - HYPH 39033 661 6 iron iron NN 39033 661 7 overhung overhung NNP 39033 661 8 crank crank NNP 39033 661 9 . . . 39033 662 1 A a DT 39033 662 2 is be VBZ 39033 662 3 the the DT 39033 662 4 crank crank NN 39033 662 5 - - HYPH 39033 662 6 shaft shaft NN 39033 662 7 , , , 39033 662 8 B b VB 39033 662 9 the the DT 39033 662 10 crank crank NN 39033 662 11 arm arm NN 39033 662 12 , , , 39033 662 13 provided provide VBN 39033 662 14 at at IN 39033 662 15 one one CD 39033 662 16 end end NN 39033 662 17 with with IN 39033 662 18 a a DT 39033 662 19 boss boss NN 39033 662 20 C C NNP 39033 662 21 , , , 39033 662 22 which which WDT 39033 662 23 is be VBZ 39033 662 24 bored bore VBN 39033 662 25 out out RP 39033 662 26 to to TO 39033 662 27 fit fit VB 39033 662 28 the the DT 39033 662 29 shaft shaft NN 39033 662 30 ; ; : 39033 662 31 at at IN 39033 662 32 the the DT 39033 662 33 other other JJ 39033 662 34 end end NN 39033 662 35 of of IN 39033 662 36 the the DT 39033 662 37 crank crank NN 39033 662 38 arm arm NN 39033 662 39 is be VBZ 39033 662 40 a a DT 39033 662 41 boss boss NN 39033 662 42 D d NN 39033 662 43 , , , 39033 662 44 which which WDT 39033 662 45 is be VBZ 39033 662 46 bored bore VBN 39033 662 47 out out RP 39033 662 48 to to TO 39033 662 49 receive receive VB 39033 662 50 the the DT 39033 662 51 crank crank NN 39033 662 52 - - HYPH 39033 662 53 pin pin NN 39033 662 54 E e NN 39033 662 55 , , , 39033 662 56 which which WDT 39033 662 57 works work VBZ 39033 662 58 in in IN 39033 662 59 one one CD 39033 662 60 end end NN 39033 662 61 of of IN 39033 662 62 the the DT 39033 662 63 connecting connect VBG 39033 662 64 rod rod NN 39033 662 65 . . . 39033 663 1 The the DT 39033 663 2 crank crank NN 39033 663 3 is be VBZ 39033 663 4 secured secure VBN 39033 663 5 to to IN 39033 663 6 the the DT 39033 663 7 shaft shaft NN 39033 663 8 by by IN 39033 663 9 the the DT 39033 663 10 sunk sink VBN 39033 663 11 key key NN 39033 663 12 F. F. NNP 39033 663 13 It -PRON- PRP 39033 663 14 is be VBZ 39033 663 15 also also RB 39033 663 16 good good JJ 39033 663 17 practice practice NN 39033 663 18 to to IN 39033 663 19 _ _ NNP 39033 663 20 shrink shrink NN 39033 663 21 _ _ NNP 39033 663 22 the the DT 39033 663 23 crank crank NN 39033 663 24 on on RP 39033 663 25 to to IN 39033 663 26 the the DT 39033 663 27 shaft shaft NN 39033 663 28 . . . 39033 664 1 The the DT 39033 664 2 process process NN 39033 664 3 of of IN 39033 664 4 shrinking shrink VBG 39033 664 5 consists consist NNS 39033 664 6 of of IN 39033 664 7 boring bore VBG 39033 664 8 out out RP 39033 664 9 the the DT 39033 664 10 crank crank NN 39033 664 11 a a DT 39033 664 12 little little JJ 39033 664 13 smaller small JJR 39033 664 14 than than IN 39033 664 15 the the DT 39033 664 16 shaft shaft NN 39033 664 17 , , , 39033 664 18 and and CC 39033 664 19 then then RB 39033 664 20 heating heat VBG 39033 664 21 it -PRON- PRP 39033 664 22 , , , 39033 664 23 which which WDT 39033 664 24 causes cause VBZ 39033 664 25 it -PRON- PRP 39033 664 26 to to TO 39033 664 27 expand expand VB 39033 664 28 sufficiently sufficiently RB 39033 664 29 to to TO 39033 664 30 go go VB 39033 664 31 on on RP 39033 664 32 to to IN 39033 664 33 the the DT 39033 664 34 shaft shaft NN 39033 664 35 . . . 39033 665 1 As as IN 39033 665 2 the the DT 39033 665 3 crank crank NN 39033 665 4 cools cool VBZ 39033 665 5 , , , 39033 665 6 it -PRON- PRP 39033 665 7 shrinks shrink VBZ 39033 665 8 and and CC 39033 665 9 grips grip VBZ 39033 665 10 the the DT 39033 665 11 shaft shaft NN 39033 665 12 firmly firmly RB 39033 665 13 . . . 39033 666 1 The the DT 39033 666 2 crank crank NN 39033 666 3 may may MD 39033 666 4 also also RB 39033 666 5 be be VB 39033 666 6 shrunk shrink VBN 39033 666 7 on on RP 39033 666 8 to to IN 39033 666 9 the the DT 39033 666 10 crank crank NN 39033 666 11 - - HYPH 39033 666 12 pin pin NNP 39033 666 13 , , , 39033 666 14 the the DT 39033 666 15 latter latter JJ 39033 666 16 being be VBG 39033 666 17 then then RB 39033 666 18 riveted rivet VBN 39033 666 19 over over IN 39033 666 20 as as IN 39033 666 21 shown show VBN 39033 666 22 in in IN 39033 666 23 fig fig NN 39033 666 24 . . . 39033 667 1 37 37 CD 39033 667 2 . . . 39033 668 1 [ [ -LRB- 39033 668 2 Illustration illustration NN 39033 668 3 : : : 39033 668 4 FIG FIG NNP 39033 668 5 . . . 39033 669 1 37 37 CD 39033 669 2 . . . 39033 669 3 ] ] -RRB- 39033 670 1 A a DT 39033 670 2 good good JJ 39033 670 3 plan plan NN 39033 670 4 to to TO 39033 670 5 adopt adopt VB 39033 670 6 in in IN 39033 670 7 preference preference NN 39033 670 8 to to IN 39033 670 9 the the DT 39033 670 10 shrinking shrink VBG 39033 670 11 process process NN 39033 670 12 is be VBZ 39033 670 13 to to TO 39033 670 14 force force VB 39033 670 15 the the DT 39033 670 16 parts part NNS 39033 670 17 together together RB 39033 670 18 by by IN 39033 670 19 hydraulic hydraulic JJ 39033 670 20 pressure pressure NN 39033 670 21 . . . 39033 671 1 This this DT 39033 671 2 method method NN 39033 671 3 is be VBZ 39033 671 4 adopted adopt VBN 39033 671 5 for for IN 39033 671 6 placing place VBG 39033 671 7 locomotive locomotive JJ 39033 671 8 wheels wheel NNS 39033 671 9 on on IN 39033 671 10 their -PRON- PRP$ 39033 671 11 axles axle NNS 39033 671 12 , , , 39033 671 13 and and CC 39033 671 14 for for IN 39033 671 15 putting put VBG 39033 671 16 in in RP 39033 671 17 crank crank NN 39033 671 18 - - HYPH 39033 671 19 pins pin NNS 39033 671 20 . . . 39033 672 1 As as IN 39033 672 2 to to IN 39033 672 3 the the DT 39033 672 4 amount amount NN 39033 672 5 of of IN 39033 672 6 pressure pressure NN 39033 672 7 to to TO 39033 672 8 be be VB 39033 672 9 used use VBN 39033 672 10 , , , 39033 672 11 the the DT 39033 672 12 practice practice NN 39033 672 13 is be VBZ 39033 672 14 to to TO 39033 672 15 allow allow VB 39033 672 16 a a DT 39033 672 17 force force NN 39033 672 18 of of IN 39033 672 19 10 10 CD 39033 672 20 tons ton NNS 39033 672 21 for for IN 39033 672 22 every every DT 39033 672 23 inch inch NN 39033 672 24 of of IN 39033 672 25 diameter diameter NN 39033 672 26 of of IN 39033 672 27 the the DT 39033 672 28 pin pin NNP 39033 672 29 , , , 39033 672 30 axle axle NN 39033 672 31 , , , 39033 672 32 or or CC 39033 672 33 shaft shaft NN 39033 672 34 . . . 39033 673 1 Instead instead RB 39033 673 2 of of IN 39033 673 3 being be VBG 39033 673 4 riveted rivet VBN 39033 673 5 in in IN 39033 673 6 , , , 39033 673 7 the the DT 39033 673 8 crank crank NNP 39033 673 9 pin pin NNP 39033 673 10 may may MD 39033 673 11 be be VB 39033 673 12 prolonged prolong VBN 39033 673 13 and and CC 39033 673 14 screwed screw VBN 39033 673 15 , , , 39033 673 16 and and CC 39033 673 17 fitted fit VBD 39033 673 18 with with IN 39033 673 19 a a DT 39033 673 20 nut nut NN 39033 673 21 . . . 39033 674 1 Another another DT 39033 674 2 plan plan NN 39033 674 3 is be VBZ 39033 674 4 to to TO 39033 674 5 put put VB 39033 674 6 a a DT 39033 674 7 cotter cotter NN 39033 674 8 through through IN 39033 674 9 the the DT 39033 674 10 crank crank NN 39033 674 11 and and CC 39033 674 12 the the DT 39033 674 13 crank crank NN 39033 674 14 - - HYPH 39033 674 15 pin pin NNP 39033 674 16 . . . 39033 675 1 The the DT 39033 675 2 distance distance NN 39033 675 3 from from IN 39033 675 4 the the DT 39033 675 5 centre centre NN 39033 675 6 of of IN 39033 675 7 the the DT 39033 675 8 crank crank NN 39033 675 9 - - HYPH 39033 675 10 shaft shaft NN 39033 675 11 to to IN 39033 675 12 the the DT 39033 675 13 centre centre NN 39033 675 14 of of IN 39033 675 15 the the DT 39033 675 16 crank crank NNP 39033 675 17 - - HYPH 39033 675 18 pin pin NNP 39033 675 19 is be VBZ 39033 675 20 called call VBN 39033 675 21 the the DT 39033 675 22 radius radius NN 39033 675 23 of of IN 39033 675 24 the the DT 39033 675 25 crank crank NN 39033 675 26 . . . 39033 676 1 The the DT 39033 676 2 _ _ NNP 39033 676 3 throw throw NN 39033 676 4 _ _ NNP 39033 676 5 of of IN 39033 676 6 the the DT 39033 676 7 crank crank NN 39033 676 8 is be VBZ 39033 676 9 twice twice RB 39033 676 10 the the DT 39033 676 11 radius radius NN 39033 676 12 . . . 39033 677 1 In in IN 39033 677 2 a a DT 39033 677 3 direct direct JJ 39033 677 4 - - HYPH 39033 677 5 acting act VBG 39033 677 6 engine engine NN 39033 677 7 the the DT 39033 677 8 throw throw NN 39033 677 9 of of IN 39033 677 10 the the DT 39033 677 11 crank crank NN 39033 677 12 is be VBZ 39033 677 13 equal equal JJ 39033 677 14 to to IN 39033 677 15 the the DT 39033 677 16 stroke stroke NN 39033 677 17 of of IN 39033 677 18 the the DT 39033 677 19 piston piston NN 39033 677 20 . . . 39033 678 1 EXERCISE EXERCISE NNP 39033 678 2 36 36 CD 39033 678 3 : : : 39033 678 4 _ _ NNP 39033 678 5 Wrought Wrought NNP 39033 678 6 - - HYPH 39033 678 7 iron iron NN 39033 678 8 Overhung Overhung NNP 39033 678 9 Crank._--Draw crank._--draw CD 39033 678 10 the the DT 39033 678 11 two two CD 39033 678 12 elevations elevation NNS 39033 678 13 shown show VBN 39033 678 14 in in IN 39033 678 15 fig fig NN 39033 678 16 . . . 39033 679 1 37 37 CD 39033 679 2 , , , 39033 679 3 also also RB 39033 679 4 a a DT 39033 679 5 plan plan NN 39033 679 6 . . . 39033 680 1 Scale scale NN 39033 680 2 1 1 CD 39033 680 3 - - HYPH 39033 680 4 1/2 1/2 CD 39033 680 5 inches inch NNS 39033 680 6 to to IN 39033 680 7 a a DT 39033 680 8 foot foot NN 39033 680 9 . . . 39033 681 1 _ _ NNP 39033 681 2 Proportions Proportions NNP 39033 681 3 of of IN 39033 681 4 Overhung Overhung NNP 39033 681 5 Cranks Cranks NNP 39033 681 6 . . . 39033 681 7 _ _ NNP 39033 681 8 D D NNP 39033 681 9 = = SYM 39033 681 10 diameter diameter NN 39033 681 11 of of IN 39033 681 12 shaft shaft NN 39033 681 13 . . . 39033 682 1 _ _ NNP 39033 682 2 d d NNP 39033 682 3 _ _ NNP 39033 682 4 = = SYM 39033 682 5 " " `` 39033 682 6 crank crank NNP 39033 682 7 - - HYPH 39033 682 8 pin pin NNP 39033 682 9 . . . 39033 683 1 Length length NN 39033 683 2 of of IN 39033 683 3 large large JJ 39033 683 4 boss boss NN 39033 683 5 = = NFP 39033 683 6 .9 .9 . 39033 683 7 D. D. NNP 39033 683 8 Diameter Diameter NNP 39033 683 9 " " '' 39033 683 10 = = SYM 39033 683 11 1.8 1.8 CD 39033 683 12 D. D. NNP 39033 683 13 Length Length NNP 39033 683 14 of of IN 39033 683 15 small small JJ 39033 683 16 boss boss NN 39033 683 17 = = SYM 39033 683 18 1.1 1.1 CD 39033 683 19 _ _ NNP 39033 683 20 d d NNP 39033 683 21 _ _ NNP 39033 683 22 . . . 39033 684 1 Diameter Diameter NNP 39033 684 2 " " '' 39033 684 3 = = SYM 39033 684 4 1.8 1.8 CD 39033 684 5 _ _ NNP 39033 684 6 d d NNP 39033 684 7 _ _ NNP 39033 684 8 . . . 39033 685 1 Width width NN 39033 685 2 of of IN 39033 685 3 crank crank NN 39033 685 4 arm arm NN 39033 685 5 at at IN 39033 685 6 centre centre NN 39033 685 7 of of IN 39033 685 8 shaft shaft NNP 39033 685 9 = = SYM 39033 685 10 1.3 1.3 CD 39033 685 11 D. d. NN 39033 685 12 " " '' 39033 685 13 " " `` 39033 685 14 crank crank NNP 39033 685 15 - - HYPH 39033 685 16 pin pin NNP 39033 685 17 = = SYM 39033 685 18 1.5 1.5 CD 39033 685 19 _ _ NNP 39033 685 20 d d NNP 39033 685 21 _ _ NNP 39033 685 22 . . . 39033 686 1 The the DT 39033 686 2 thickness thickness NN 39033 686 3 of of IN 39033 686 4 the the DT 39033 686 5 crank crank NN 39033 686 6 arm arm NN 39033 686 7 may may MD 39033 686 8 be be VB 39033 686 9 roughly roughly RB 39033 686 10 taken take VBN 39033 686 11 as as IN 39033 686 12 = = SYM 39033 686 13 .7 .7 . 39033 686 14 D. D. NNP 39033 686 15 EXERCISE EXERCISE NNP 39033 686 16 37.--Design 37.--Design VBZ 39033 686 17 a a DT 39033 686 18 wrought wrought NN 39033 686 19 - - HYPH 39033 686 20 iron iron NN 39033 686 21 crank crank NN 39033 686 22 for for IN 39033 686 23 an an DT 39033 686 24 engine engine NN 39033 686 25 having have VBG 39033 686 26 a a DT 39033 686 27 stroke stroke NN 39033 686 28 of of IN 39033 686 29 4 4 CD 39033 686 30 feet foot NNS 39033 686 31 . . . 39033 687 1 The the DT 39033 687 2 crank crank NN 39033 687 3 - - HYPH 39033 687 4 shaft shaft NN 39033 687 5 is be VBZ 39033 687 6 9 9 CD 39033 687 7 inches inch NNS 39033 687 8 in in IN 39033 687 9 diameter diameter NN 39033 687 10 , , , 39033 687 11 and and CC 39033 687 12 the the DT 39033 687 13 crank crank NNP 39033 687 14 - - HYPH 39033 687 15 pin pin NNP 39033 687 16 is be VBZ 39033 687 17 4 4 CD 39033 687 18 - - SYM 39033 687 19 3/4 3/4 CD 39033 687 20 inches inch NNS 39033 687 21 in in IN 39033 687 22 diameter diameter NN 39033 687 23 and and CC 39033 687 24 6 6 CD 39033 687 25 - - HYPH 39033 687 26 1/2 1/2 CD 39033 687 27 inches inch NNS 39033 687 28 long long JJ 39033 687 29 . . . 39033 688 1 [ [ -LRB- 39033 688 2 Illustration illustration NN 39033 688 3 : : : 39033 688 4 FIG FIG NNP 39033 688 5 . . . 39033 689 1 38 38 CD 39033 689 2 . . . 39033 689 3 ] ] -RRB- 39033 690 1 _ _ NNP 39033 690 2 Locomotive Locomotive NNP 39033 690 3 Cranked Cranked NNP 39033 690 4 Axle._--As Axle._--As NNP 39033 690 5 an an DT 39033 690 6 example example NN 39033 690 7 of of IN 39033 690 8 a a DT 39033 690 9 cranked cranked JJ 39033 690 10 shaft shaft NN 39033 690 11 we -PRON- PRP 39033 690 12 take take VBP 39033 690 13 the the DT 39033 690 14 cranked cranked JJ 39033 690 15 axle axle NN 39033 690 16 for for IN 39033 690 17 a a DT 39033 690 18 locomotive locomotive JJ 39033 690 19 with with IN 39033 690 20 inside inside JJ 39033 690 21 cylinders cylinder NNS 39033 690 22 shown show VBN 39033 690 23 in in IN 39033 690 24 fig fig NN 39033 690 25 . . . 39033 691 1 38 38 CD 39033 691 2 ; ; : 39033 691 3 here here RB 39033 691 4 the the DT 39033 691 5 crank crank NN 39033 691 6 and and CC 39033 691 7 shaft shaft NN 39033 691 8 or or CC 39033 691 9 axle axle NN 39033 691 10 are be VBP 39033 691 11 forged forge VBN 39033 691 12 in in IN 39033 691 13 one one CD 39033 691 14 piece piece NN 39033 691 15 . . . 39033 692 1 A a DT 39033 692 2 is be VBZ 39033 692 3 the the DT 39033 692 4 wheel wheel JJ 39033 692 5 seat seat NN 39033 692 6 , , , 39033 692 7 B B NNP 39033 692 8 the the DT 39033 692 9 journal journal NN 39033 692 10 , , , 39033 692 11 C C NNP 39033 692 12 the the DT 39033 692 13 crank crank NN 39033 692 14 - - HYPH 39033 692 15 pin pin NNP 39033 692 16 , , , 39033 692 17 and and CC 39033 692 18 D d NN 39033 692 19 and and CC 39033 692 20 E e NN 39033 692 21 the the DT 39033 692 22 crank crank NNP 39033 692 23 arms arm NNS 39033 692 24 . . . 39033 693 1 Only only RB 39033 693 2 one one CD 39033 693 3 half half NN 39033 693 4 of of IN 39033 693 5 the the DT 39033 693 6 axle axle NN 39033 693 7 is be VBZ 39033 693 8 shown show VBN 39033 693 9 in in IN 39033 693 10 fig fig NN 39033 693 11 . . . 39033 694 1 38 38 CD 39033 694 2 , , , 39033 694 3 but but CC 39033 694 4 the the DT 39033 694 5 other other JJ 39033 694 6 half half NN 39033 694 7 is be VBZ 39033 694 8 exactly exactly RB 39033 694 9 the the DT 39033 694 10 same same JJ 39033 694 11 . . . 39033 695 1 The the DT 39033 695 2 cranks crank NNS 39033 695 3 on on IN 39033 695 4 the the DT 39033 695 5 two two CD 39033 695 6 halves half NNS 39033 695 7 are be VBP 39033 695 8 , , , 39033 695 9 however however RB 39033 695 10 , , , 39033 695 11 at at IN 39033 695 12 right right JJ 39033 695 13 angles angle NNS 39033 695 14 to to IN 39033 695 15 one one CD 39033 695 16 another another DT 39033 695 17 . . . 39033 696 1 The the DT 39033 696 2 ends end NNS 39033 696 3 of of IN 39033 696 4 the the DT 39033 696 5 crank crank NNP 39033 696 6 arms arm NNS 39033 696 7 are be VBP 39033 696 8 turned turn VBN 39033 696 9 in in RP 39033 696 10 the the DT 39033 696 11 lathe lathe NN 39033 696 12 , , , 39033 696 13 the the DT 39033 696 14 crank crank NN 39033 696 15 - - HYPH 39033 696 16 pin pin NN 39033 696 17 ends end NNS 39033 696 18 being be VBG 39033 696 19 turned turn VBN 39033 696 20 at at IN 39033 696 21 the the DT 39033 696 22 same same JJ 39033 696 23 time time NN 39033 696 24 as as IN 39033 696 25 the the DT 39033 696 26 axle axle NN 39033 696 27 , , , 39033 696 28 and and CC 39033 696 29 the the DT 39033 696 30 other other JJ 39033 696 31 ends end NNS 39033 696 32 at at IN 39033 696 33 the the DT 39033 696 34 same same JJ 39033 696 35 time time NN 39033 696 36 as as IN 39033 696 37 the the DT 39033 696 38 crank crank NN 39033 696 39 - - HYPH 39033 696 40 pin pin NNP 39033 696 41 . . . 39033 697 1 This this DT 39033 697 2 consideration consideration NN 39033 697 3 determines determine VBZ 39033 697 4 the the DT 39033 697 5 centres centre NNS 39033 697 6 for for IN 39033 697 7 the the DT 39033 697 8 arcs arc NNS 39033 697 9 shown show VBN 39033 697 10 in in IN 39033 697 11 the the DT 39033 697 12 end end NN 39033 697 13 view view NN 39033 697 14 . . . 39033 698 1 EXERCISE EXERCISE NNP 39033 698 2 38.--Draw 38.--draw CD 39033 698 3 to to IN 39033 698 4 a a DT 39033 698 5 scale scale NN 39033 698 6 of of IN 39033 698 7 2 2 CD 39033 698 8 inches inch NNS 39033 698 9 to to IN 39033 698 10 a a DT 39033 698 11 foot foot NN 39033 698 12 the the DT 39033 698 13 side side NN 39033 698 14 and and CC 39033 698 15 end end VB 39033 698 16 elevations elevation NNS 39033 698 17 of of IN 39033 698 18 the the DT 39033 698 19 locomotive locomotive JJ 39033 698 20 cranked cranked NNP 39033 698 21 axle axle NN 39033 698 22 partly partly RB 39033 698 23 shown show VBN 39033 698 24 in in IN 39033 698 25 fig fig NN 39033 698 26 . . . 39033 699 1 38 38 CD 39033 699 2 . . . 39033 700 1 The the DT 39033 700 2 distance distance NN 39033 700 3 between between IN 39033 700 4 the the DT 39033 700 5 centre centre NN 39033 700 6 lines line NNS 39033 700 7 of of IN 39033 700 8 the the DT 39033 700 9 cylinders cylinder NNS 39033 700 10 is be VBZ 39033 700 11 2 2 CD 39033 700 12 feet foot NNS 39033 700 13 . . . 39033 701 1 [ [ -LRB- 39033 701 2 Illustration illustration NN 39033 701 3 : : : 39033 701 4 FIG FIG NNP 39033 701 5 . . . 39033 702 1 39 39 CD 39033 702 2 . . . 39033 702 3 ] ] -RRB- 39033 703 1 _ _ NNP 39033 703 2 Built build VBN 39033 703 3 - - HYPH 39033 703 4 up up RP 39033 703 5 Cranks._--The cranks._--the CD 39033 703 6 form form NN 39033 703 7 of of IN 39033 703 8 cranked cranked JJ 39033 703 9 shaft shaft NN 39033 703 10 shown show VBN 39033 703 11 in in IN 39033 703 12 fig fig NN 39033 703 13 . . . 39033 704 1 38 38 CD 39033 704 2 is be VBZ 39033 704 3 largely largely RB 39033 704 4 used use VBN 39033 704 5 for for IN 39033 704 6 marine marine JJ 39033 704 7 engines engine NNS 39033 704 8 , , , 39033 704 9 but but CC 39033 704 10 for for IN 39033 704 11 the the DT 39033 704 12 very very RB 39033 704 13 powerful powerful JJ 39033 704 14 engines engine NNS 39033 704 15 now now RB 39033 704 16 fitted fit VBN 39033 704 17 in in IN 39033 704 18 large large JJ 39033 704 19 ships ship NNS 39033 704 20 this this DT 39033 704 21 design design NN 39033 704 22 of of IN 39033 704 23 shaft shaft NN 39033 704 24 is be VBZ 39033 704 25 very very RB 39033 704 26 unreliable unreliable JJ 39033 704 27 , , , 39033 704 28 the the DT 39033 704 29 built build VBN 39033 704 30 - - HYPH 39033 704 31 up up RP 39033 704 32 crank crank NN 39033 704 33 shown show VBN 39033 704 34 in in IN 39033 704 35 fig fig NN 39033 704 36 . . . 39033 705 1 39 39 CD 39033 705 2 being be VBG 39033 705 3 preferred prefer VBN 39033 705 4 , , , 39033 705 5 although although IN 39033 705 6 it -PRON- PRP 39033 705 7 is be VBZ 39033 705 8 much much RB 39033 705 9 heavier heavy JJR 39033 705 10 than than IN 39033 705 11 the the DT 39033 705 12 other other JJ 39033 705 13 . . . 39033 706 1 It -PRON- PRP 39033 706 2 will will MD 39033 706 3 be be VB 39033 706 4 seen see VBN 39033 706 5 from from IN 39033 706 6 the the DT 39033 706 7 figure figure NN 39033 706 8 that that IN 39033 706 9 the the DT 39033 706 10 shaft shaft NN 39033 706 11 , , , 39033 706 12 crank crank NNP 39033 706 13 arms arm NNS 39033 706 14 , , , 39033 706 15 and and CC 39033 706 16 crank crank NN 39033 706 17 - - HYPH 39033 706 18 pin pin NNP 39033 706 19 are be VBP 39033 706 20 made make VBN 39033 706 21 separately separately RB 39033 706 22 . . . 39033 707 1 The the DT 39033 707 2 arms arm NNS 39033 707 3 are be VBP 39033 707 4 shrunk shrink VBN 39033 707 5 on on RP 39033 707 6 to to IN 39033 707 7 the the DT 39033 707 8 pin pin NN 39033 707 9 and and CC 39033 707 10 the the DT 39033 707 11 shaft shaft NN 39033 707 12 , , , 39033 707 13 and and CC 39033 707 14 secured secure VBN 39033 707 15 to to IN 39033 707 16 the the DT 39033 707 17 latter latter JJ 39033 707 18 by by IN 39033 707 19 sunk sunk NN 39033 707 20 keys key NNS 39033 707 21 . . . 39033 708 1 These these DT 39033 708 2 heavy heavy JJ 39033 708 3 shafts shaft NNS 39033 708 4 and and CC 39033 708 5 cranks crank NNS 39033 708 6 are be VBP 39033 708 7 generally generally RB 39033 708 8 made make VBN 39033 708 9 of of IN 39033 708 10 steel steel NN 39033 708 11 . . . 39033 709 1 EXERCISE EXERCISE NNP 39033 709 2 39.--Keeping 39.--keeping CD 39033 709 3 to to IN 39033 709 4 the the DT 39033 709 5 dimensions dimension NNS 39033 709 6 marked mark VBN 39033 709 7 in in IN 39033 709 8 fig fig NN 39033 709 9 . . . 39033 710 1 39 39 CD 39033 710 2 , , , 39033 710 3 draw draw VB 39033 710 4 the the DT 39033 710 5 views view NNS 39033 710 6 there there RB 39033 710 7 shown show VBN 39033 710 8 of of IN 39033 710 9 a a DT 39033 710 10 built build VBN 39033 710 11 - - HYPH 39033 710 12 up up RP 39033 710 13 crank crank NN 39033 710 14 - - HYPH 39033 710 15 shaft shaft NN 39033 710 16 for for IN 39033 710 17 a a DT 39033 710 18 marine marine JJ 39033 710 19 engine engine NN 39033 710 20 . . . 39033 711 1 Scale scale NN 39033 711 2 3/4 3/4 CD 39033 711 3 inch inch NN 39033 711 4 to to IN 39033 711 5 a a DT 39033 711 6 foot foot NN 39033 711 7 . . . 39033 712 1 XI XI NNP 39033 712 2 . . . 39033 713 1 ECCENTRICS eccentric NNS 39033 713 2 . . . 39033 714 1 The the DT 39033 714 2 _ _ NNP 39033 714 3 eccentric eccentric JJ 39033 714 4 _ _ NNP 39033 714 5 is be VBZ 39033 714 6 a a DT 39033 714 7 particular particular JJ 39033 714 8 form form NN 39033 714 9 of of IN 39033 714 10 crank crank NNP 39033 714 11 , , , 39033 714 12 being be VBG 39033 714 13 a a DT 39033 714 14 crank crank NN 39033 714 15 in in IN 39033 714 16 which which WDT 39033 714 17 the the DT 39033 714 18 crank crank NN 39033 714 19 - - HYPH 39033 714 20 pin pin NNP 39033 714 21 is be VBZ 39033 714 22 large large JJ 39033 714 23 enough enough RB 39033 714 24 to to TO 39033 714 25 embrace embrace VB 39033 714 26 the the DT 39033 714 27 crank crank NN 39033 714 28 - - HYPH 39033 714 29 shaft shaft NN 39033 714 30 . . . 39033 715 1 In in IN 39033 715 2 the the DT 39033 715 3 eccentric eccentric JJ 39033 715 4 what what WP 39033 715 5 corresponds correspond VBZ 39033 715 6 to to IN 39033 715 7 the the DT 39033 715 8 crank crank NN 39033 715 9 - - HYPH 39033 715 10 pin pin NNP 39033 715 11 is be VBZ 39033 715 12 called call VBN 39033 715 13 the the DT 39033 715 14 sheave sheave NNP 39033 715 15 or or CC 39033 715 16 pulley pulley NNP 39033 715 17 . . . 39033 716 1 The the DT 39033 716 2 advantage advantage NN 39033 716 3 which which WDT 39033 716 4 an an DT 39033 716 5 eccentric eccentric JJ 39033 716 6 possesses possesse NNS 39033 716 7 over over IN 39033 716 8 a a DT 39033 716 9 crank crank NN 39033 716 10 is be VBZ 39033 716 11 that that IN 39033 716 12 the the DT 39033 716 13 shaft shaft NN 39033 716 14 does do VBZ 39033 716 15 not not RB 39033 716 16 require require VB 39033 716 17 to to TO 39033 716 18 be be VB 39033 716 19 divided divide VBN 39033 716 20 at at IN 39033 716 21 the the DT 39033 716 22 point point NN 39033 716 23 where where WRB 39033 716 24 the the DT 39033 716 25 eccentric eccentric NN 39033 716 26 is be VBZ 39033 716 27 put put VBN 39033 716 28 on on RP 39033 716 29 . . . 39033 717 1 The the DT 39033 717 2 crank crank NN 39033 717 3 , , , 39033 717 4 however however RB 39033 717 5 , , , 39033 717 6 has have VBZ 39033 717 7 this this DT 39033 717 8 advantage advantage NN 39033 717 9 over over IN 39033 717 10 the the DT 39033 717 11 eccentric eccentric JJ 39033 717 12 , , , 39033 717 13 namely namely RB 39033 717 14 , , , 39033 717 15 that that IN 39033 717 16 it -PRON- PRP 39033 717 17 can can MD 39033 717 18 be be VB 39033 717 19 used use VBN 39033 717 20 for for IN 39033 717 21 converting convert VBG 39033 717 22 circular circular JJ 39033 717 23 into into IN 39033 717 24 reciprocating reciprocate VBG 39033 717 25 motion motion NN 39033 717 26 , , , 39033 717 27 or or CC 39033 717 28 _ _ NNP 39033 717 29 vice vice NN 39033 717 30 versâ versâ NNP 39033 717 31 _ _ NNP 39033 717 32 , , , 39033 717 33 while while IN 39033 717 34 the the DT 39033 717 35 eccentric eccentric JJ 39033 717 36 can can MD 39033 717 37 only only RB 39033 717 38 be be VB 39033 717 39 used use VBN 39033 717 40 for for IN 39033 717 41 converting convert VBG 39033 717 42 circular circular JJ 39033 717 43 into into IN 39033 717 44 reciprocating reciprocate VBG 39033 717 45 motion motion NN 39033 717 46 . . . 39033 718 1 This this DT 39033 718 2 is be VBZ 39033 718 3 owing owe VBG 39033 718 4 to to IN 39033 718 5 the the DT 39033 718 6 great great JJ 39033 718 7 leverage leverage NN 39033 718 8 at at IN 39033 718 9 which which WDT 39033 718 10 the the DT 39033 718 11 friction friction NN 39033 718 12 of of IN 39033 718 13 the the DT 39033 718 14 eccentric eccentric JJ 39033 718 15 acts act NNS 39033 718 16 . . . 39033 719 1 The the DT 39033 719 2 chief chief JJ 39033 719 3 application application NN 39033 719 4 of of IN 39033 719 5 the the DT 39033 719 6 eccentric eccentric JJ 39033 719 7 is be VBZ 39033 719 8 in in IN 39033 719 9 the the DT 39033 719 10 steam steam NN 39033 719 11 - - HYPH 39033 719 12 engine engine NN 39033 719 13 , , , 39033 719 14 where where WRB 39033 719 15 it -PRON- PRP 39033 719 16 is be VBZ 39033 719 17 used use VBN 39033 719 18 for for IN 39033 719 19 working work VBG 39033 719 20 the the DT 39033 719 21 valve valve NN 39033 719 22 gear gear NN 39033 719 23 . . . 39033 720 1 To to TO 39033 720 2 permit permit VB 39033 720 3 of of IN 39033 720 4 the the DT 39033 720 5 sheave sheave NN 39033 720 6 being be VBG 39033 720 7 placed place VBN 39033 720 8 on on IN 39033 720 9 the the DT 39033 720 10 shaft shaft NN 39033 720 11 without without IN 39033 720 12 going go VBG 39033 720 13 over over IN 39033 720 14 the the DT 39033 720 15 end end NN 39033 720 16 ( ( -LRB- 39033 720 17 which which WDT 39033 720 18 could could MD 39033 720 19 not not RB 39033 720 20 be be VB 39033 720 21 done do VBN 39033 720 22 at at RB 39033 720 23 all all RB 39033 720 24 in in IN 39033 720 25 the the DT 39033 720 26 case case NN 39033 720 27 of of IN 39033 720 28 a a DT 39033 720 29 cranked cranked JJ 39033 720 30 axle axle NN 39033 720 31 , , , 39033 720 32 and and CC 39033 720 33 would would MD 39033 720 34 be be VB 39033 720 35 a a DT 39033 720 36 troublesome troublesome JJ 39033 720 37 operation operation NN 39033 720 38 in in IN 39033 720 39 most most JJS 39033 720 40 cases case NNS 39033 720 41 ) ) -RRB- 39033 720 42 it -PRON- PRP 39033 720 43 is be VBZ 39033 720 44 generally generally RB 39033 720 45 made make VBN 39033 720 46 in in IN 39033 720 47 two two CD 39033 720 48 pieces piece NNS 39033 720 49 , , , 39033 720 50 as as IN 39033 720 51 shown show VBN 39033 720 52 in in IN 39033 720 53 fig fig NN 39033 720 54 . . . 39033 721 1 40 40 CD 39033 721 2 , , , 39033 721 3 which which WDT 39033 721 4 represents represent VBZ 39033 721 5 one one CD 39033 721 6 of of IN 39033 721 7 the the DT 39033 721 8 eccentrics eccentric NNS 39033 721 9 of of IN 39033 721 10 a a DT 39033 721 11 locomotive locomotive NN 39033 721 12 . . . 39033 722 1 The the DT 39033 722 2 two two CD 39033 722 3 parts part NNS 39033 722 4 of of IN 39033 722 5 the the DT 39033 722 6 sheave sheave NN 39033 722 7 are be VBP 39033 722 8 connected connect VBN 39033 722 9 by by IN 39033 722 10 two two CD 39033 722 11 cotter cotter JJ 39033 722 12 bolts bolt NNS 39033 722 13 . . . 39033 723 1 The the DT 39033 723 2 part part NN 39033 723 3 which which WDT 39033 723 4 embraces embrace VBZ 39033 723 5 the the DT 39033 723 6 sheave sheave NN 39033 723 7 is be VBZ 39033 723 8 called call VBN 39033 723 9 the the DT 39033 723 10 eccentric eccentric JJ 39033 723 11 strap strap NN 39033 723 12 , , , 39033 723 13 and and CC 39033 723 14 corresponds correspond VBZ 39033 723 15 to to IN 39033 723 16 , , , 39033 723 17 and and CC 39033 723 18 is be VBZ 39033 723 19 , , , 39033 723 20 in in IN 39033 723 21 fact fact NN 39033 723 22 , , , 39033 723 23 a a DT 39033 723 24 connecting connect VBG 39033 723 25 rod rod NN 39033 723 26 end end NN 39033 723 27 : : : 39033 723 28 the the DT 39033 723 29 rod rod NN 39033 723 30 proceeding proceed VBG 39033 723 31 from from IN 39033 723 32 this this DT 39033 723 33 is be VBZ 39033 723 34 called call VBN 39033 723 35 the the DT 39033 723 36 eccentric eccentric JJ 39033 723 37 rod rod NN 39033 723 38 . . . 39033 724 1 The the DT 39033 724 2 distance distance NN 39033 724 3 from from IN 39033 724 4 the the DT 39033 724 5 centre centre NN 39033 724 6 of of IN 39033 724 7 the the DT 39033 724 8 sheave sheave NN 39033 724 9 to to IN 39033 724 10 the the DT 39033 724 11 centre centre NN 39033 724 12 of of IN 39033 724 13 the the DT 39033 724 14 shaft shaft NN 39033 724 15 is be VBZ 39033 724 16 called call VBN 39033 724 17 the the DT 39033 724 18 _ _ NNP 39033 724 19 radius radius NN 39033 724 20 _ _ NNP 39033 724 21 or or CC 39033 724 22 _ _ NNP 39033 724 23 eccentricity eccentricity NN 39033 724 24 _ _ NNP 39033 724 25 of of IN 39033 724 26 the the DT 39033 724 27 eccentric eccentric NN 39033 724 28 . . . 39033 725 1 The the DT 39033 725 2 _ _ NNP 39033 725 3 throw throw NN 39033 725 4 _ _ NNP 39033 725 5 is be VBZ 39033 725 6 twice twice PDT 39033 725 7 the the DT 39033 725 8 eccentricity eccentricity NN 39033 725 9 . . . 39033 726 1 The the DT 39033 726 2 sheave sheave NN 39033 726 3 is be VBZ 39033 726 4 generally generally RB 39033 726 5 made make VBN 39033 726 6 of of IN 39033 726 7 cast cast NN 39033 726 8 iron iron NN 39033 726 9 . . . 39033 727 1 The the DT 39033 727 2 strap strap NN 39033 727 3 may may MD 39033 727 4 be be VB 39033 727 5 of of IN 39033 727 6 brass brass NN 39033 727 7 , , , 39033 727 8 cast cast VBN 39033 727 9 iron iron NN 39033 727 10 , , , 39033 727 11 or or CC 39033 727 12 wrought wrought NN 39033 727 13 iron iron NN 39033 727 14 ; ; : 39033 727 15 when when WRB 39033 727 16 the the DT 39033 727 17 strap strap NN 39033 727 18 is be VBZ 39033 727 19 made make VBN 39033 727 20 of of IN 39033 727 21 wrought wrought NN 39033 727 22 iron iron NN 39033 727 23 it -PRON- PRP 39033 727 24 is be VBZ 39033 727 25 commonly commonly RB 39033 727 26 lined line VBN 39033 727 27 with with IN 39033 727 28 brass brass NN 39033 727 29 . . . 39033 728 1 [ [ -LRB- 39033 728 2 Illustration illustration NN 39033 728 3 : : : 39033 728 4 FIG FIG NNP 39033 728 5 . . . 39033 729 1 40 40 CD 39033 729 2 . . . 39033 729 3 ] ] -RRB- 39033 730 1 EXERCISE EXERCISE NNP 39033 730 2 40 40 CD 39033 730 3 : : : 39033 730 4 _ _ NNP 39033 730 5 Locomotive locomotive JJ 39033 730 6 Eccentric._--In eccentric._--in NN 39033 730 7 fig fig NN 39033 730 8 . . . 39033 731 1 40 40 CD 39033 731 2 D d NN 39033 731 3 E e NN 39033 731 4 is be VBZ 39033 731 5 the the DT 39033 731 6 sheave sheave NN 39033 731 7 , , , 39033 731 8 F F NNP 39033 731 9 H H NNP 39033 731 10 the the DT 39033 731 11 strap strap NN 39033 731 12 , , , 39033 731 13 and and CC 39033 731 14 K K NNP 39033 731 15 the the DT 39033 731 16 eccentric eccentric JJ 39033 731 17 rod rod NN 39033 731 18 . . . 39033 732 1 The the DT 39033 732 2 sheave sheave NN 39033 732 3 and and CC 39033 732 4 strap strap NN 39033 732 5 are be VBP 39033 732 6 made make VBN 39033 732 7 of of IN 39033 732 8 cast cast NN 39033 732 9 iron iron NN 39033 732 10 , , , 39033 732 11 and and CC 39033 732 12 the the DT 39033 732 13 eccentric eccentric JJ 39033 732 14 rod rod NN 39033 732 15 is be VBZ 39033 732 16 made make VBN 39033 732 17 of of IN 39033 732 18 wrought wrought NN 39033 732 19 iron iron NN 39033 732 20 . . . 39033 733 1 ( ( -LRB- 39033 733 2 _ _ NNP 39033 733 3 a a DT 39033 733 4 _ _ NNP 39033 733 5 ) ) -RRB- 39033 733 6 is be VBZ 39033 733 7 a a DT 39033 733 8 vertical vertical JJ 39033 733 9 cross cross NN 39033 733 10 section section NN 39033 733 11 through through IN 39033 733 12 the the DT 39033 733 13 oil oil NN 39033 733 14 - - HYPH 39033 733 15 box box NN 39033 733 16 of of IN 39033 733 17 the the DT 39033 733 18 strap strap NN 39033 733 19 ; ; : 39033 733 20 ( ( -LRB- 39033 733 21 _ _ NNP 39033 733 22 b b NNP 39033 733 23 _ _ NNP 39033 733 24 ) ) -RRB- 39033 733 25 is be VBZ 39033 733 26 a a DT 39033 733 27 plan plan NN 39033 733 28 of of IN 39033 733 29 the the DT 39033 733 30 end end NN 39033 733 31 of of IN 39033 733 32 the the DT 39033 733 33 eccentric eccentric JJ 39033 733 34 rod rod NN 39033 733 35 and and CC 39033 733 36 part part NN 39033 733 37 of of IN 39033 733 38 the the DT 39033 733 39 strap strap NN 39033 733 40 . . . 39033 734 1 All all PDT 39033 734 2 the the DT 39033 734 3 nuts nut NNS 39033 734 4 are be VBP 39033 734 5 locked lock VBN 39033 734 6 by by IN 39033 734 7 means mean NNS 39033 734 8 of of IN 39033 734 9 cotters cotter NNS 39033 734 10 . . . 39033 735 1 Draw draw VB 39033 735 2 first first RB 39033 735 3 the the DT 39033 735 4 elevation elevation NN 39033 735 5 , , , 39033 735 6 partly partly RB 39033 735 7 in in IN 39033 735 8 section section NN 39033 735 9 as as IN 39033 735 10 shown show VBN 39033 735 11 . . . 39033 736 1 Next next JJ 39033 736 2 draw draw VB 39033 736 3 two two CD 39033 736 4 end end NN 39033 736 5 elevations elevation NNS 39033 736 6 , , , 39033 736 7 one one CD 39033 736 8 looking look VBG 39033 736 9 each each DT 39033 736 10 way way NN 39033 736 11 . . . 39033 737 1 Afterwards afterwards RB 39033 737 2 draw draw VB 39033 737 3 a a DT 39033 737 4 horizontal horizontal JJ 39033 737 5 section section NN 39033 737 6 through through IN 39033 737 7 the the DT 39033 737 8 centre centre NN 39033 737 9 , , , 39033 737 10 and and CC 39033 737 11 also also RB 39033 737 12 a a DT 39033 737 13 plan plan NN 39033 737 14 . . . 39033 738 1 Scale scale NN 39033 738 2 4 4 CD 39033 738 3 inches inch NNS 39033 738 4 to to IN 39033 738 5 a a DT 39033 738 6 foot foot NN 39033 738 7 . . . 39033 739 1 XII XII NNP 39033 739 2 . . . 39033 740 1 CONNECTING CONNECTING NNP 39033 740 2 RODS RODS NNP 39033 740 3 . . . 39033 741 1 The the DT 39033 741 2 most most RBS 39033 741 3 familiar familiar JJ 39033 741 4 example example NN 39033 741 5 of of IN 39033 741 6 the the DT 39033 741 7 use use NN 39033 741 8 of of IN 39033 741 9 a a DT 39033 741 10 connecting connect VBG 39033 741 11 rod rod NN 39033 741 12 is be VBZ 39033 741 13 in in IN 39033 741 14 the the DT 39033 741 15 steam steam NN 39033 741 16 - - HYPH 39033 741 17 engine engine NN 39033 741 18 , , , 39033 741 19 where where WRB 39033 741 20 it -PRON- PRP 39033 741 21 is be VBZ 39033 741 22 used use VBN 39033 741 23 to to TO 39033 741 24 connect connect VB 39033 741 25 the the DT 39033 741 26 rotating rotating NN 39033 741 27 crank crank NN 39033 741 28 with with IN 39033 741 29 the the DT 39033 741 30 reciprocating reciprocate VBG 39033 741 31 piston piston NN 39033 741 32 . . . 39033 742 1 The the DT 39033 742 2 rod rod NN 39033 742 3 itself -PRON- PRP 39033 742 4 is be VBZ 39033 742 5 made make VBN 39033 742 6 of of IN 39033 742 7 wrought wrought NN 39033 742 8 iron iron NN 39033 742 9 or or CC 39033 742 10 steel steel NN 39033 742 11 , , , 39033 742 12 and and CC 39033 742 13 is be VBZ 39033 742 14 generally generally RB 39033 742 15 circular circular JJ 39033 742 16 or or CC 39033 742 17 rectangular rectangular JJ 39033 742 18 in in IN 39033 742 19 section section NN 39033 742 20 . . . 39033 743 1 The the DT 39033 743 2 ends end NNS 39033 743 3 of of IN 39033 743 4 the the DT 39033 743 5 rod rod NN 39033 743 6 are be VBP 39033 743 7 fitted fit VBN 39033 743 8 with with IN 39033 743 9 steps step NNS 39033 743 10 , , , 39033 743 11 which which WDT 39033 743 12 are be VBP 39033 743 13 held hold VBN 39033 743 14 together together RB 39033 743 15 in in IN 39033 743 16 a a DT 39033 743 17 variety variety NN 39033 743 18 of of IN 39033 743 19 ways way NNS 39033 743 20 . . . 39033 744 1 _ _ NNP 39033 744 2 Strap Strap NNP 39033 744 3 End._--A End._--A NNP 39033 744 4 form form NN 39033 744 5 of of IN 39033 744 6 connecting connect VBG 39033 744 7 rod rod NN 39033 744 8 end end NN 39033 744 9 , , , 39033 744 10 which which WDT 39033 744 11 is be VBZ 39033 744 12 not not RB 39033 744 13 so so RB 39033 744 14 common common JJ 39033 744 15 as as IN 39033 744 16 it -PRON- PRP 39033 744 17 used use VBD 39033 744 18 to to TO 39033 744 19 be be VB 39033 744 20 , , , 39033 744 21 is be VBZ 39033 744 22 shown show VBN 39033 744 23 in in IN 39033 744 24 fig fig NN 39033 744 25 . . . 39033 745 1 41 41 CD 39033 745 2 . . . 39033 746 1 At at IN 39033 746 2 ( ( -LRB- 39033 746 3 _ _ NNP 39033 746 4 a a DT 39033 746 5 _ _ NNP 39033 746 6 ) ) -RRB- 39033 746 7 is be VBZ 39033 746 8 shown show VBN 39033 746 9 a a DT 39033 746 10 longitudinal longitudinal JJ 39033 746 11 section section NN 39033 746 12 with with IN 39033 746 13 all all PDT 39033 746 14 the the DT 39033 746 15 parts part NNS 39033 746 16 put put VBN 39033 746 17 together together RB 39033 746 18 , , , 39033 746 19 while while IN 39033 746 20 at at IN 39033 746 21 ( ( -LRB- 39033 746 22 _ _ NNP 39033 746 23 b b NNP 39033 746 24 _ _ NNP 39033 746 25 ) ) -RRB- 39033 746 26 , , , 39033 746 27 ( ( -LRB- 39033 746 28 _ _ NNP 39033 746 29 c c NNP 39033 746 30 _ _ NNP 39033 746 31 ) ) -RRB- 39033 746 32 , , , 39033 746 33 _ _ NNP 39033 746 34 ( ( -LRB- 39033 746 35 d d NNP 39033 746 36 ) ) -RRB- 39033 746 37 _ _ NNP 39033 746 38 and and CC 39033 746 39 ( ( -LRB- 39033 746 40 _ _ NNP 39033 746 41 e e NNP 39033 746 42 _ _ NNP 39033 746 43 ) ) -RRB- 39033 746 44 the the DT 39033 746 45 details detail NNS 39033 746 46 are be VBP 39033 746 47 shown show VBN 39033 746 48 separately separately RB 39033 746 49 . . . 39033 747 1 A a DT 39033 747 2 B b NN 39033 747 3 is be VBZ 39033 747 4 the the DT 39033 747 5 end end NN 39033 747 6 of of IN 39033 747 7 the the DT 39033 747 8 rod rod NN 39033 747 9 which which WDT 39033 747 10 butts butt VBZ 39033 747 11 against against IN 39033 747 12 the the DT 39033 747 13 brass brass NN 39033 747 14 bush bush NNP 39033 747 15 C C NNP 39033 747 16 D D NNP 39033 747 17 , , , 39033 747 18 which which WDT 39033 747 19 is be VBZ 39033 747 20 in in IN 39033 747 21 two two CD 39033 747 22 pieces piece NNS 39033 747 23 . . . 39033 748 1 A a DT 39033 748 2 _ _ NNP 39033 748 3 strap strap NN 39033 748 4 _ _ NNP 39033 748 5 E E NNP 39033 748 6 passes pass VBZ 39033 748 7 round round IN 39033 748 8 the the DT 39033 748 9 bush bush NN 39033 748 10 and and CC 39033 748 11 on on IN 39033 748 12 to to IN 39033 748 13 the the DT 39033 748 14 end end NN 39033 748 15 of of IN 39033 748 16 the the DT 39033 748 17 rod rod NN 39033 748 18 as as IN 39033 748 19 shown show VBN 39033 748 20 . . . 39033 749 1 The the DT 39033 749 2 arms arm NNS 39033 749 3 of of IN 39033 749 4 the the DT 39033 749 5 strap strap NN 39033 749 6 have have VBP 39033 749 7 rectangular rectangular JJ 39033 749 8 holes hole NNS 39033 749 9 in in IN 39033 749 10 them -PRON- PRP 39033 749 11 , , , 39033 749 12 which which WDT 39033 749 13 are be VBP 39033 749 14 not not RB 39033 749 15 quite quite RB 39033 749 16 opposite opposite JJ 39033 749 17 a a DT 39033 749 18 similar similar JJ 39033 749 19 hole hole NN 39033 749 20 in in IN 39033 749 21 the the DT 39033 749 22 rod rod NN 39033 749 23 when when WRB 39033 749 24 the the DT 39033 749 25 parts part NNS 39033 749 26 are be VBP 39033 749 27 put put VBN 39033 749 28 together together RB 39033 749 29 . . . 39033 750 1 If if IN 39033 750 2 a a DT 39033 750 3 wedge wedge NN 39033 750 4 or or CC 39033 750 5 _ _ NNP 39033 750 6 cotter cotter NN 39033 750 7 _ _ NNP 39033 750 8 F F NNP 39033 750 9 be be VB 39033 750 10 driven drive VBN 39033 750 11 into into IN 39033 750 12 these these DT 39033 750 13 three three CD 39033 750 14 holes hole NNS 39033 750 15 they -PRON- PRP 39033 750 16 will will MD 39033 750 17 tend tend VB 39033 750 18 to to TO 39033 750 19 come come VB 39033 750 20 into into IN 39033 750 21 line line NN 39033 750 22 , , , 39033 750 23 and and CC 39033 750 24 the the DT 39033 750 25 parts part NNS 39033 750 26 of of IN 39033 750 27 the the DT 39033 750 28 bush bush NN 39033 750 29 will will MD 39033 750 30 be be VB 39033 750 31 pressed press VBN 39033 750 32 together together RB 39033 750 33 . . . 39033 751 1 To to TO 39033 751 2 prevent prevent VB 39033 751 3 the the DT 39033 751 4 cotter cotter NN 39033 751 5 opening open VBG 39033 751 6 out out RP 39033 751 7 the the DT 39033 751 8 strap strap NN 39033 751 9 , , , 39033 751 10 and and CC 39033 751 11 to to TO 39033 751 12 increase increase VB 39033 751 13 the the DT 39033 751 14 sliding slide VBG 39033 751 15 surface surface NN 39033 751 16 , , , 39033 751 17 a a DT 39033 751 18 _ _ NNP 39033 751 19 gib gib NN 39033 751 20 _ _ NNP 39033 751 21 H H NNP 39033 751 22 is be VBZ 39033 751 23 introduced introduce VBN 39033 751 24 . . . 39033 752 1 The the DT 39033 752 2 gib gib NN 39033 752 3 is be VBZ 39033 752 4 provided provide VBN 39033 752 5 with with IN 39033 752 6 horns horn NNS 39033 752 7 at at IN 39033 752 8 its -PRON- PRP$ 39033 752 9 ends end NNS 39033 752 10 to to TO 39033 752 11 keep keep VB 39033 752 12 it -PRON- PRP 39033 752 13 in in IN 39033 752 14 its -PRON- PRP$ 39033 752 15 place place NN 39033 752 16 . . . 39033 753 1 Sometimes sometimes RB 39033 753 2 two two CD 39033 753 3 gibs gib NNS 39033 753 4 are be VBP 39033 753 5 used use VBN 39033 753 6 , , , 39033 753 7 one one CD 39033 753 8 on on IN 39033 753 9 each each DT 39033 753 10 side side NN 39033 753 11 of of IN 39033 753 12 the the DT 39033 753 13 cotter cotter NN 39033 753 14 ; ; : 39033 753 15 this this DT 39033 753 16 makes make VBZ 39033 753 17 the the DT 39033 753 18 sliding slide VBG 39033 753 19 surface surface NN 39033 753 20 on on IN 39033 753 21 both both DT 39033 753 22 sides side NNS 39033 753 23 of of IN 39033 753 24 the the DT 39033 753 25 cotter cotter NN 39033 753 26 the the DT 39033 753 27 same same JJ 39033 753 28 . . . 39033 754 1 The the DT 39033 754 2 cotter cotter NN 39033 754 3 is be VBZ 39033 754 4 secured secure VBN 39033 754 5 by by IN 39033 754 6 a a DT 39033 754 7 set set VBN 39033 754 8 screw screw NN 39033 754 9 K. K. NNP 39033 754 10 The the DT 39033 754 11 unsectioned unsectioned JJ 39033 754 12 portion portion NN 39033 754 13 of of IN 39033 754 14 fig fig NN 39033 754 15 . . . 39033 755 1 ( ( -LRB- 39033 755 2 _ _ NNP 39033 755 3 a a DT 39033 755 4 _ _ NNP 39033 755 5 ) ) -RRB- 39033 755 6 to to IN 39033 755 7 the the DT 39033 755 8 right right NN 39033 755 9 of of IN 39033 755 10 the the DT 39033 755 11 gib gib NN 39033 755 12 , , , 39033 755 13 or or CC 39033 755 14 to to IN 39033 755 15 the the DT 39033 755 16 left left NN 39033 755 17 of of IN 39033 755 18 the the DT 39033 755 19 cotter cotter NN 39033 755 20 , , , 39033 755 21 is be VBZ 39033 755 22 called call VBN 39033 755 23 the the DT 39033 755 24 _ _ NNP 39033 755 25 clearance clearance NN 39033 755 26 _ _ NNP 39033 755 27 or or CC 39033 755 28 _ _ NNP 39033 755 29 draught draught NN 39033 755 30 . . . 39033 755 31 _ _ NNP 39033 755 32 [ [ -LRB- 39033 755 33 Illustration illustration NN 39033 755 34 : : : 39033 755 35 FIG FIG NNP 39033 755 36 . . . 39033 756 1 41 41 CD 39033 756 2 . . . 39033 756 3 ] ] -RRB- 39033 757 1 EXERCISE EXERCISE NNP 39033 757 2 41 41 CD 39033 757 3 : : : 39033 757 4 _ _ NNP 39033 757 5 Connecting Connecting NNP 39033 757 6 Rod Rod NNP 39033 757 7 End._--Make end._--make VBP 39033 757 8 the the DT 39033 757 9 following follow VBG 39033 757 10 views view NNS 39033 757 11 of of IN 39033 757 12 the the DT 39033 757 13 connecting connect VBG 39033 757 14 rod rod NN 39033 757 15 end end NN 39033 757 16 illustrated illustrate VBN 39033 757 17 by by IN 39033 757 18 fig fig NN 39033 757 19 . . . 39033 758 1 41 41 CD 39033 758 2 . . . 39033 759 1 First first RB 39033 759 2 , , , 39033 759 3 a a DT 39033 759 4 vertical vertical JJ 39033 759 5 section section NN 39033 759 6 , , , 39033 759 7 the the DT 39033 759 8 same same JJ 39033 759 9 as as IN 39033 759 10 shown show VBN 39033 759 11 at at IN 39033 759 12 ( ( -LRB- 39033 759 13 _ _ NNP 39033 759 14 a a DT 39033 759 15 _ _ NNP 39033 759 16 ) ) -RRB- 39033 759 17 . . . 39033 760 1 Second second JJ 39033 760 2 , , , 39033 760 3 a a DT 39033 760 4 horizontal horizontal JJ 39033 760 5 section section NN 39033 760 6 . . . 39033 761 1 Third third JJ 39033 761 2 , , , 39033 761 3 side side NN 39033 761 4 elevation elevation NN 39033 761 5 . . . 39033 762 1 Fourth fourth RB 39033 762 2 , , , 39033 762 3 a a DT 39033 762 4 plan plan NN 39033 762 5 . . . 39033 763 1 Or or CC 39033 763 2 the the DT 39033 763 3 first first JJ 39033 763 4 and and CC 39033 763 5 third third JJ 39033 763 6 views view NNS 39033 763 7 may may MD 39033 763 8 be be VB 39033 763 9 combined combine VBN 39033 763 10 in in IN 39033 763 11 a a DT 39033 763 12 half half JJ 39033 763 13 vertical vertical JJ 39033 763 14 section section NN 39033 763 15 and and CC 39033 763 16 half half NN 39033 763 17 elevation elevation NN 39033 763 18 ; ; : 39033 763 19 and and CC 39033 763 20 the the DT 39033 763 21 second second JJ 39033 763 22 and and CC 39033 763 23 fourth fourth JJ 39033 763 24 views view NNS 39033 763 25 may may MD 39033 763 26 be be VB 39033 763 27 combined combine VBN 39033 763 28 in in IN 39033 763 29 a a DT 39033 763 30 half half JJ 39033 763 31 horizontal horizontal JJ 39033 763 32 section section NN 39033 763 33 and and CC 39033 763 34 half half NN 39033 763 35 plan plan NN 39033 763 36 . . . 39033 764 1 All all PDT 39033 764 2 the the DT 39033 764 3 dimensions dimension NNS 39033 764 4 are be VBP 39033 764 5 to to TO 39033 764 6 be be VB 39033 764 7 taken take VBN 39033 764 8 from from IN 39033 764 9 the the DT 39033 764 10 detail detail NN 39033 764 11 drawings drawing NNS 39033 764 12 ( ( -LRB- 39033 764 13 _ _ NNP 39033 764 14 b b NNP 39033 764 15 _ _ NNP 39033 764 16 ) ) -RRB- 39033 764 17 , , , 39033 764 18 ( ( -LRB- 39033 764 19 _ _ NNP 39033 764 20 c c NNP 39033 764 21 _ _ NNP 39033 764 22 ) ) -RRB- 39033 764 23 , , , 39033 764 24 ( ( -LRB- 39033 764 25 _ _ NNP 39033 764 26 d d NNP 39033 764 27 _ _ NNP 39033 764 28 ) ) -RRB- 39033 764 29 , , , 39033 764 30 and and CC 39033 764 31 ( ( -LRB- 39033 764 32 _ _ NNP 39033 764 33 e e NNP 39033 764 34 _ _ NNP 39033 764 35 ) ) -RRB- 39033 764 36 , , , 39033 764 37 _ _ NNP 39033 764 38 but but CC 39033 764 39 the the DT 39033 764 40 details detail NNS 39033 764 41 need nee MD 39033 764 42 not not RB 39033 764 43 be be VB 39033 764 44 drawn draw VBN 39033 764 45 separately separately RB 39033 764 46 _ _ NNP 39033 764 47 . . . 39033 765 1 The the DT 39033 765 2 brass brass NN 39033 765 3 bush bush NNP 39033 765 4 is be VBZ 39033 765 5 shown show VBN 39033 765 6 at at IN 39033 765 7 ( ( -LRB- 39033 765 8 _ _ NNP 39033 765 9 d d NNP 39033 765 10 _ _ NNP 39033 765 11 ) ) -RRB- 39033 765 12 by by IN 39033 765 13 half half NN 39033 765 14 elevation elevation NN 39033 765 15 , , , 39033 765 16 half half JJ 39033 765 17 vertical vertical JJ 39033 765 18 section section NN 39033 765 19 , , , 39033 765 20 half half JJ 39033 765 21 plan plan NN 39033 765 22 , , , 39033 765 23 and and CC 39033 765 24 half half JJ 39033 765 25 horizontal horizontal JJ 39033 765 26 section section NN 39033 765 27 . . . 39033 766 1 The the DT 39033 766 2 draught draught NN 39033 766 3 or or CC 39033 766 4 clearance clearance NN 39033 766 5 is be VBZ 39033 766 6 7 7 CD 39033 766 7 - - HYPH 39033 766 8 16ths 16th NNS 39033 766 9 of of IN 39033 766 10 an an DT 39033 766 11 inch inch NN 39033 766 12 . . . 39033 767 1 _ _ NNP 39033 767 2 Box Box NNP 39033 767 3 End._--At End._--At NNP 39033 767 4 ( ( -LRB- 39033 767 5 _ _ NNP 39033 767 6 a a DT 39033 767 7 _ _ NNP 39033 767 8 ) ) -RRB- 39033 767 9 , , , 39033 767 10 fig fig NN 39033 767 11 . . . 39033 768 1 42 42 CD 39033 768 2 , , , 39033 768 3 is be VBZ 39033 768 4 shown show VBN 39033 768 5 what what WP 39033 768 6 is be VBZ 39033 768 7 known know VBN 39033 768 8 as as IN 39033 768 9 a a DT 39033 768 10 box box NN 39033 768 11 end end NN 39033 768 12 for for IN 39033 768 13 a a DT 39033 768 14 connecting connect VBG 39033 768 15 rod rod NN 39033 768 16 . . . 39033 769 1 The the DT 39033 769 2 part part NN 39033 769 3 which which WDT 39033 769 4 corresponds correspond VBZ 39033 769 5 to to IN 39033 769 6 the the DT 39033 769 7 loose loose JJ 39033 769 8 strap strap NN 39033 769 9 in in IN 39033 769 10 the the DT 39033 769 11 last last JJ 39033 769 12 example example NN 39033 769 13 is be VBZ 39033 769 14 here here RB 39033 769 15 forged forge VBN 39033 769 16 in in IN 39033 769 17 one one CD 39033 769 18 piece piece NN 39033 769 19 with with IN 39033 769 20 the the DT 39033 769 21 connecting connect VBG 39033 769 22 rod rod NN 39033 769 23 . . . 39033 770 1 In in IN 39033 770 2 this this DT 39033 770 3 form form NN 39033 770 4 the the DT 39033 770 5 brass brass NN 39033 770 6 bush bush NNP 39033 770 7 is be VBZ 39033 770 8 provided provide VBN 39033 770 9 with with IN 39033 770 10 a a DT 39033 770 11 flange flange NN 39033 770 12 all all DT 39033 770 13 round round NN 39033 770 14 on on IN 39033 770 15 one one CD 39033 770 16 side side NN 39033 770 17 , , , 39033 770 18 but but CC 39033 770 19 on on IN 39033 770 20 the the DT 39033 770 21 opposite opposite JJ 39033 770 22 side side NN 39033 770 23 the the DT 39033 770 24 flange flange NN 39033 770 25 is be VBZ 39033 770 26 omitted omit VBN 39033 770 27 except except IN 39033 770 28 at at IN 39033 770 29 one one CD 39033 770 30 end end NN 39033 770 31 ; ; : 39033 770 32 this this DT 39033 770 33 is be VBZ 39033 770 34 to to TO 39033 770 35 allow allow VB 39033 770 36 of of IN 39033 770 37 the the DT 39033 770 38 bush bush NNP 39033 770 39 being be VBG 39033 770 40 placed place VBN 39033 770 41 within within IN 39033 770 42 the the DT 39033 770 43 end end NN 39033 770 44 of of IN 39033 770 45 the the DT 39033 770 46 rod rod NN 39033 770 47 . . . 39033 771 1 The the DT 39033 771 2 construction construction NN 39033 771 3 of of IN 39033 771 4 the the DT 39033 771 5 bush bush NN 39033 771 6 will will MD 39033 771 7 be be VB 39033 771 8 understood understand VBN 39033 771 9 by by IN 39033 771 10 reference reference NN 39033 771 11 to to IN 39033 771 12 the the DT 39033 771 13 sketch sketch NN 39033 771 14 shown show VBN 39033 771 15 at at IN 39033 771 16 ( ( -LRB- 39033 771 17 _ _ NNP 39033 771 18 b b NNP 39033 771 19 _ _ NNP 39033 771 20 ) ) -RRB- 39033 771 21 . . . 39033 772 1 The the DT 39033 772 2 bush bush NN 39033 772 3 is be VBZ 39033 772 4 in in IN 39033 772 5 two two CD 39033 772 6 parts part NNS 39033 772 7 , , , 39033 772 8 which which WDT 39033 772 9 are be VBP 39033 772 10 pressed press VBN 39033 772 11 tightly tightly RB 39033 772 12 together together RB 39033 772 13 by by IN 39033 772 14 means mean NNS 39033 772 15 of of IN 39033 772 16 a a DT 39033 772 17 cotter cotter NN 39033 772 18 . . . 39033 773 1 This this DT 39033 773 2 cotter cotter NN 39033 773 3 is be VBZ 39033 773 4 prevented prevent VBN 39033 773 5 from from IN 39033 773 6 slackening slacken VBG 39033 773 7 back back RB 39033 773 8 by by IN 39033 773 9 two two CD 39033 773 10 set set NN 39033 773 11 screws screw NNS 39033 773 12 . . . 39033 774 1 Each each DT 39033 774 2 set set NN 39033 774 3 screw screw NN 39033 774 4 is be VBZ 39033 774 5 cut cut VBN 39033 774 6 off off RP 39033 774 7 square square NN 39033 774 8 at at IN 39033 774 9 the the DT 39033 774 10 point point NN 39033 774 11 , , , 39033 774 12 and and CC 39033 774 13 presses press NNS 39033 774 14 on on IN 39033 774 15 the the DT 39033 774 16 flat flat JJ 39033 774 17 bottom bottom NN 39033 774 18 of of IN 39033 774 19 a a DT 39033 774 20 very very RB 39033 774 21 shallow shallow JJ 39033 774 22 groove groove NN 39033 774 23 cut cut NN 39033 774 24 on on IN 39033 774 25 the the DT 39033 774 26 side side NN 39033 774 27 of of IN 39033 774 28 the the DT 39033 774 29 cotter cotter NN 39033 774 30 . . . 39033 775 1 The the DT 39033 775 2 top top JJ 39033 775 3 , , , 39033 775 4 bottom bottom NN 39033 775 5 , , , 39033 775 6 and and CC 39033 775 7 ends end NNS 39033 775 8 of of IN 39033 775 9 this this DT 39033 775 10 box box NN 39033 775 11 end end NN 39033 775 12 are be VBP 39033 775 13 turned turn VBN 39033 775 14 in in RP 39033 775 15 the the DT 39033 775 16 lathe lathe NN 39033 775 17 at at IN 39033 775 18 the the DT 39033 775 19 same same JJ 39033 775 20 time time NN 39033 775 21 as as IN 39033 775 22 the the DT 39033 775 23 rod rod NN 39033 775 24 itself -PRON- PRP 39033 775 25 ; ; : 39033 775 26 this this DT 39033 775 27 accounts account VBZ 39033 775 28 for for IN 39033 775 29 the the DT 39033 775 30 curved curved JJ 39033 775 31 sections section NNS 39033 775 32 of of IN 39033 775 33 these these DT 39033 775 34 parts part NNS 39033 775 35 . . . 39033 776 1 It -PRON- PRP 39033 776 2 is be VBZ 39033 776 3 clear clear JJ 39033 776 4 from from IN 39033 776 5 the the DT 39033 776 6 construction construction NN 39033 776 7 of of IN 39033 776 8 a a DT 39033 776 9 box box NN 39033 776 10 end end NN 39033 776 11 that that IN 39033 776 12 it -PRON- PRP 39033 776 13 is be VBZ 39033 776 14 only only RB 39033 776 15 suitable suitable JJ 39033 776 16 for for IN 39033 776 17 an an DT 39033 776 18 overhung overhung JJ 39033 776 19 crank crank NN 39033 776 20 . . . 39033 777 1 EXERCISE EXERCISE NNP 39033 777 2 42 42 CD 39033 777 3 : : : 39033 777 4 _ _ NNP 39033 777 5 Locomotive Locomotive NNP 39033 777 6 Connecting Connecting NNP 39033 777 7 Rod._--In Rod._--In NNP 39033 777 8 fig fig NN 39033 777 9 . . . 39033 778 1 42 42 CD 39033 778 2 is be VBZ 39033 778 3 shown show VBN 39033 778 4 a a DT 39033 778 5 connecting connect VBG 39033 778 6 rod rod NN 39033 778 7 for for IN 39033 778 8 an an DT 39033 778 9 outside outside JJ 39033 778 10 cylinder cylinder NN 39033 778 11 locomotive locomotive JJ 39033 778 12 . . . 39033 779 1 ( ( -LRB- 39033 779 2 _ _ NNP 39033 779 3 a a DT 39033 779 4 _ _ NNP 39033 779 5 ) ) -RRB- 39033 779 6 is be VBZ 39033 779 7 the the DT 39033 779 8 crank crank NN 39033 779 9 - - HYPH 39033 779 10 pin pin NN 39033 779 11 end end NN 39033 779 12 , , , 39033 779 13 and and CC 39033 779 14 ( ( -LRB- 39033 779 15 _ _ NNP 39033 779 16 c c NNP 39033 779 17 _ _ NNP 39033 779 18 ) ) -RRB- 39033 779 19 the the DT 39033 779 20 cross cross JJ 39033 779 21 - - JJ 39033 779 22 head head JJ 39033 779 23 end end NN 39033 779 24 . . . 39033 780 1 The the DT 39033 780 2 end end NN 39033 780 3 ( ( -LRB- 39033 780 4 _ _ NNP 39033 780 5 a a DT 39033 780 6 _ _ NNP 39033 780 7 ) ) -RRB- 39033 780 8 has have VBZ 39033 780 9 just just RB 39033 780 10 been be VBN 39033 780 11 described describe VBN 39033 780 12 under under IN 39033 780 13 the the DT 39033 780 14 head head NN 39033 780 15 ' ' '' 39033 780 16 box box NN 39033 780 17 end end NN 39033 780 18 . . . 39033 780 19 ' ' '' 39033 781 1 We -PRON- PRP 39033 781 2 may may MD 39033 781 3 just just RB 39033 781 4 add add VB 39033 781 5 that that IN 39033 781 6 in in IN 39033 781 7 this this DT 39033 781 8 particular particular JJ 39033 781 9 example example NN 39033 781 10 the the DT 39033 781 11 brass brass NN 39033 781 12 bush bush NNP 39033 781 13 is be VBZ 39033 781 14 lined line VBN 39033 781 15 with with IN 39033 781 16 white white JJ 39033 781 17 metal metal NN 39033 781 18 as as IN 39033 781 19 shown show VBN 39033 781 20 , , , 39033 781 21 and and CC 39033 781 22 that that IN 39033 781 23 the the DT 39033 781 24 construction construction NN 39033 781 25 of of IN 39033 781 26 the the DT 39033 781 27 oil oil NN 39033 781 28 - - HYPH 39033 781 29 box box NN 39033 781 30 is be VBZ 39033 781 31 the the DT 39033 781 32 same same JJ 39033 781 33 as as IN 39033 781 34 that that DT 39033 781 35 on on IN 39033 781 36 the the DT 39033 781 37 coupling couple VBG 39033 781 38 rod rod NN 39033 781 39 end end NN 39033 781 40 shown show VBN 39033 781 41 in in IN 39033 781 42 fig fig NN 39033 781 43 . . . 39033 782 1 44 44 CD 39033 782 2 . . . 39033 783 1 The the DT 39033 783 2 end end NN 39033 783 3 ( ( -LRB- 39033 783 4 _ _ NNP 39033 783 5 c c NNP 39033 783 6 _ _ NNP 39033 783 7 ) ) -RRB- 39033 783 8 is be VBZ 39033 783 9 forked fork VBN 39033 783 10 , , , 39033 783 11 and and CC 39033 783 12 through through IN 39033 783 13 the the DT 39033 783 14 prongs prong NNS 39033 783 15 of of IN 39033 783 16 the the DT 39033 783 17 fork fork NN 39033 783 18 passes pass VBZ 39033 783 19 the the DT 39033 783 20 cross cross JJ 39033 783 21 - - JJ 39033 783 22 head head NN 39033 783 23 pin pin NN 39033 783 24 , , , 39033 783 25 of of IN 39033 783 26 which which WDT 39033 783 27 a a DT 39033 783 28 separate separate JJ 39033 783 29 dimensioned dimension VBN 39033 783 30 drawing drawing NN 39033 783 31 is be VBZ 39033 783 32 shown show VBN 39033 783 33 at at IN 39033 783 34 ( ( -LRB- 39033 783 35 _ _ NNP 39033 783 36 d d NNP 39033 783 37 _ _ NNP 39033 783 38 ) ) -RRB- 39033 783 39 . . . 39033 784 1 Observe observe VB 39033 784 2 that that IN 39033 784 3 the the DT 39033 784 4 tapered tapered JJ 39033 784 5 parts part NNS 39033 784 6 A a NN 39033 784 7 and and CC 39033 784 8 B b NN 39033 784 9 of of IN 39033 784 10 this this DT 39033 784 11 pin pin NN 39033 784 12 are be VBP 39033 784 13 parts part NNS 39033 784 14 of of IN 39033 784 15 the the DT 39033 784 16 same same JJ 39033 784 17 cone cone NN 39033 784 18 . . . 39033 785 1 The the DT 39033 785 2 rotation rotation NN 39033 785 3 of of IN 39033 785 4 the the DT 39033 785 5 pin pin NN 39033 785 6 is be VBZ 39033 785 7 prevented prevent VBN 39033 785 8 by by IN 39033 785 9 a a DT 39033 785 10 small small JJ 39033 785 11 key key NN 39033 785 12 as as IN 39033 785 13 shown show VBN 39033 785 14 . . . 39033 786 1 The the DT 39033 786 2 cross cross JJ 39033 786 3 - - JJ 39033 786 4 head head NN 39033 786 5 pin pin NN 39033 786 6 need nee MD 39033 786 7 not not RB 39033 786 8 be be VB 39033 786 9 drawn draw VBN 39033 786 10 separately separately RB 39033 786 11 , , , 39033 786 12 and and CC 39033 786 13 the the DT 39033 786 14 isometric isometric JJ 39033 786 15 projection projection NN 39033 786 16 of of IN 39033 786 17 the the DT 39033 786 18 bush bush NN 39033 786 19 at at IN 39033 786 20 ( ( -LRB- 39033 786 21 _ _ NNP 39033 786 22 b b NNP 39033 786 23 _ _ NNP 39033 786 24 ) ) -RRB- 39033 786 25 may may MD 39033 786 26 be be VB 39033 786 27 omitted omit VBN 39033 786 28 , , , 39033 786 29 but but CC 39033 786 30 all all PDT 39033 786 31 the the DT 39033 786 32 other other JJ 39033 786 33 views view NNS 39033 786 34 shown show VBN 39033 786 35 are be VBP 39033 786 36 to to TO 39033 786 37 be be VB 39033 786 38 drawn draw VBN 39033 786 39 to to IN 39033 786 40 a a DT 39033 786 41 scale scale NN 39033 786 42 of of IN 39033 786 43 6 6 CD 39033 786 44 inches inch NNS 39033 786 45 to to IN 39033 786 46 a a DT 39033 786 47 foot foot NN 39033 786 48 . . . 39033 787 1 _ _ NNP 39033 787 2 Marine Marine NNP 39033 787 3 Connecting Connecting NNP 39033 787 4 Rod._--The Rod._--The NNP 39033 787 5 form form NN 39033 787 6 of of IN 39033 787 7 connecting connect VBG 39033 787 8 rod rod NN 39033 787 9 shown show VBN 39033 787 10 in in IN 39033 787 11 fig fig NN 39033 787 12 . . . 39033 788 1 43 43 CD 39033 788 2 is be VBZ 39033 788 3 that that IN 39033 788 4 used use VBN 39033 788 5 in in IN 39033 788 6 marine marine JJ 39033 788 7 engines engine NNS 39033 788 8 , , , 39033 788 9 but but CC 39033 788 10 it -PRON- PRP 39033 788 11 is be VBZ 39033 788 12 also also RB 39033 788 13 used use VBN 39033 788 14 extensively extensively RB 39033 788 15 in in IN 39033 788 16 land land NN 39033 788 17 engines engine NNS 39033 788 18 . . . 39033 789 1 A a DT 39033 789 2 B b NN 39033 789 3 is be VBZ 39033 789 4 the the DT 39033 789 5 crank crank NN 39033 789 6 - - HYPH 39033 789 7 pin pin NN 39033 789 8 end end NN 39033 789 9 , , , 39033 789 10 and and CC 39033 789 11 C C NNP 39033 789 12 the the DT 39033 789 13 cross cross JJ 39033 789 14 - - JJ 39033 789 15 head head NN 39033 789 16 end end NN 39033 789 17 . . . 39033 790 1 The the DT 39033 790 2 end end NN 39033 790 3 A A NNP 39033 790 4 B b NN 39033 790 5 is be VBZ 39033 790 6 forged forge VBN 39033 790 7 in in IN 39033 790 8 one one CD 39033 790 9 piece piece NN 39033 790 10 , , , 39033 790 11 and and CC 39033 790 12 after after IN 39033 790 13 it -PRON- PRP 39033 790 14 is be VBZ 39033 790 15 turned turn VBN 39033 790 16 , , , 39033 790 17 planed plane VBN 39033 790 18 , , , 39033 790 19 and and CC 39033 790 20 bored bore VBD 39033 790 21 it -PRON- PRP 39033 790 22 is be VBZ 39033 790 23 slotted slot VBN 39033 790 24 across across RB 39033 790 25 , , , 39033 790 26 so so IN 39033 790 27 as as IN 39033 790 28 to to TO 39033 790 29 cut cut VB 39033 790 30 off off RP 39033 790 31 the the DT 39033 790 32 cap cap NN 39033 790 33 A. a. NN 39033 791 1 The the DT 39033 791 2 parts part NNS 39033 791 3 A a NN 39033 791 4 and and CC 39033 791 5 B b NN 39033 791 6 are be VBP 39033 791 7 held hold VBN 39033 791 8 together together RB 39033 791 9 by by IN 39033 791 10 two two CD 39033 791 11 bolts bolt NNS 39033 791 12 as as IN 39033 791 13 shown show VBN 39033 791 14 . . . 39033 792 1 This this DT 39033 792 2 end end NN 39033 792 3 of of IN 39033 792 4 the the DT 39033 792 5 rod rod NN 39033 792 6 is be VBZ 39033 792 7 fitted fit VBN 39033 792 8 with with IN 39033 792 9 brass brass NN 39033 792 10 steps step NNS 39033 792 11 , , , 39033 792 12 which which WDT 39033 792 13 are be VBP 39033 792 14 lined line VBN 39033 792 15 with with IN 39033 792 16 white white JJ 39033 792 17 metal metal NN 39033 792 18 . . . 39033 793 1 The the DT 39033 793 2 cross cross JJ 39033 793 3 - - JJ 39033 793 4 head head NN 39033 793 5 end end NN 39033 793 6 is be VBZ 39033 793 7 forked forked JJ 39033 793 8 , , , 39033 793 9 and and CC 39033 793 10 through through IN 39033 793 11 the the DT 39033 793 12 prongs prong NNS 39033 793 13 of of IN 39033 793 14 the the DT 39033 793 15 fork fork NN 39033 793 16 passes pass VBZ 39033 793 17 a a DT 39033 793 18 pin pin NN 39033 793 19 D d NN 39033 793 20 , , , 39033 793 21 which which WDT 39033 793 22 also also RB 39033 793 23 passes pass VBZ 39033 793 24 through through IN 39033 793 25 the the DT 39033 793 26 cross cross NN 39033 793 27 - - NN 39033 793 28 head head NN 39033 793 29 , , , 39033 793 30 which which WDT 39033 793 31 is be VBZ 39033 793 32 forged forge VBN 39033 793 33 on on RP 39033 793 34 to to IN 39033 793 35 the the DT 39033 793 36 piston piston NN 39033 793 37 rod rod NN 39033 793 38 or or CC 39033 793 39 attached attach VBN 39033 793 40 to to IN 39033 793 41 it -PRON- PRP 39033 793 42 in in IN 39033 793 43 some some DT 39033 793 44 other other JJ 39033 793 45 way way NN 39033 793 46 . . . 39033 794 1 [ [ -LRB- 39033 794 2 Illustration illustration NN 39033 794 3 : : : 39033 794 4 FIG FIG NNP 39033 794 5 . . . 39033 795 1 42 42 CD 39033 795 2 . . . 39033 795 3 ] ] -RRB- 39033 796 1 [ [ -LRB- 39033 796 2 Illustration illustration NN 39033 796 3 : : : 39033 796 4 FIG FIG NNP 39033 796 5 . . . 39033 797 1 43 43 CD 39033 797 2 . . . 39033 797 3 ] ] -RRB- 39033 798 1 EXERCISE EXERCISE NNP 39033 798 2 43 43 CD 39033 798 3 : : : 39033 798 4 _ _ NNP 39033 798 5 Marine Marine NNP 39033 798 6 Connecting Connecting NNP 39033 798 7 Rod._--Draw rod._--draw VBP 39033 798 8 all all PDT 39033 798 9 the the DT 39033 798 10 views view NNS 39033 798 11 shown show VBN 39033 798 12 in in IN 39033 798 13 fig fig NN 39033 798 14 . . . 39033 799 1 43 43 CD 39033 799 2 of of IN 39033 799 3 one one CD 39033 799 4 form form NN 39033 799 5 of of IN 39033 799 6 marine marine JJ 39033 799 7 connecting connect VBG 39033 799 8 rod rod NN 39033 799 9 . . . 39033 800 1 For for IN 39033 800 2 detail detail NN 39033 800 3 drawings drawing NNS 39033 800 4 of of IN 39033 800 5 the the DT 39033 800 6 locking locking NN 39033 800 7 arrangement arrangement NN 39033 800 8 for for IN 39033 800 9 the the DT 39033 800 10 nuts nut NNS 39033 800 11 see see VBP 39033 800 12 fig fig NN 39033 800 13 . . . 39033 801 1 19 19 CD 39033 801 2 , , , 39033 801 3 page page NN 39033 801 4 21 21 CD 39033 801 5 . . . 39033 802 1 Scale scale NN 39033 802 2 4 4 CD 39033 802 3 inches inch NNS 39033 802 4 to to IN 39033 802 5 a a DT 39033 802 6 foot foot NN 39033 802 7 . . . 39033 803 1 _ _ NNP 39033 803 2 Coupling Coupling NNP 39033 803 3 Rods._--A Rods._--A NNP 39033 803 4 rod rod NN 39033 803 5 used use VBN 39033 803 6 to to TO 39033 803 7 transmit transmit VB 39033 803 8 the the DT 39033 803 9 motion motion NN 39033 803 10 of of IN 39033 803 11 one one CD 39033 803 12 crank crank NN 39033 803 13 to to IN 39033 803 14 another another DT 39033 803 15 is be VBZ 39033 803 16 called call VBN 39033 803 17 a a DT 39033 803 18 _ _ NNP 39033 803 19 coupling couple VBG 39033 803 20 rod rod NN 39033 803 21 _ _ NNP 39033 803 22 . . . 39033 804 1 A a DT 39033 804 2 familiar familiar JJ 39033 804 3 example example NN 39033 804 4 of of IN 39033 804 5 the the DT 39033 804 6 use use NN 39033 804 7 of of IN 39033 804 8 coupling couple VBG 39033 804 9 rods rod NNS 39033 804 10 will will MD 39033 804 11 be be VB 39033 804 12 found find VBN 39033 804 13 in in IN 39033 804 14 the the DT 39033 804 15 locomotive locomotive NN 39033 804 16 . . . 39033 805 1 Coupling couple VBG 39033 805 2 rods rod NNS 39033 805 3 are be VBP 39033 805 4 made make VBN 39033 805 5 of of IN 39033 805 6 wrought wrought NN 39033 805 7 iron iron NN 39033 805 8 or or CC 39033 805 9 steel steel NN 39033 805 10 , , , 39033 805 11 and and CC 39033 805 12 are be VBP 39033 805 13 generally generally RB 39033 805 14 of of IN 39033 805 15 rectangular rectangular JJ 39033 805 16 section section NN 39033 805 17 . . . 39033 806 1 The the DT 39033 806 2 ends end NNS 39033 806 3 are be VBP 39033 806 4 now now RB 39033 806 5 generally generally RB 39033 806 6 made make VBN 39033 806 7 solid solid JJ 39033 806 8 and and CC 39033 806 9 lined line VBN 39033 806 10 with with IN 39033 806 11 solid solid JJ 39033 806 12 brass brass NN 39033 806 13 bushes bush NNS 39033 806 14 , , , 39033 806 15 _ _ NNP 39033 806 16 without without IN 39033 806 17 any any DT 39033 806 18 adjustment adjustment NN 39033 806 19 for for IN 39033 806 20 wear wear NN 39033 806 21 _ _ NNP 39033 806 22 . . . 39033 807 1 This this DT 39033 807 2 form form NN 39033 807 3 of of IN 39033 807 4 coupling couple VBG 39033 807 5 rod rod NN 39033 807 6 end end NN 39033 807 7 is be VBZ 39033 807 8 found find VBN 39033 807 9 to to TO 39033 807 10 answer answer VB 39033 807 11 very very RB 39033 807 12 well well RB 39033 807 13 in in IN 39033 807 14 locomotive locomotive JJ 39033 807 15 practice practice NN 39033 807 16 where where WRB 39033 807 17 the the DT 39033 807 18 workmanship workmanship NN 39033 807 19 and and CC 39033 807 20 arrangements arrangement NNS 39033 807 21 for for IN 39033 807 22 lubrication lubrication NN 39033 807 23 are be VBP 39033 807 24 excellent excellent JJ 39033 807 25 . . . 39033 808 1 When when WRB 39033 808 2 the the DT 39033 808 3 brass brass NN 39033 808 4 bush bush NNP 39033 808 5 becomes become VBZ 39033 808 6 worn wear VBN 39033 808 7 it -PRON- PRP 39033 808 8 is be VBZ 39033 808 9 replaced replace VBN 39033 808 10 by by IN 39033 808 11 a a DT 39033 808 12 new new JJ 39033 808 13 one one NN 39033 808 14 . . . 39033 809 1 Fig fig NN 39033 809 2 . . . 39033 810 1 44 44 CD 39033 810 2 shows show VBZ 39033 810 3 an an DT 39033 810 4 example example NN 39033 810 5 of of IN 39033 810 6 a a DT 39033 810 7 locomotive locomotive JJ 39033 810 8 coupling coupling NN 39033 810 9 rod rod NN 39033 810 10 end end NN 39033 810 11 for for IN 39033 810 12 an an DT 39033 810 13 outside outside JJ 39033 810 14 cylinder cylinder NN 39033 810 15 engine engine NN 39033 810 16 . . . 39033 811 1 In in IN 39033 811 2 this this DT 39033 811 3 case case NN 39033 811 4 it -PRON- PRP 39033 811 5 is be VBZ 39033 811 6 desirable desirable JJ 39033 811 7 to to TO 39033 811 8 have have VB 39033 811 9 the the DT 39033 811 10 crank crank NN 39033 811 11 - - HYPH 39033 811 12 pin pin NN 39033 811 13 bearings bearing NNS 39033 811 14 for for IN 39033 811 15 the the DT 39033 811 16 coupling couple VBG 39033 811 17 rods rod NNS 39033 811 18 as as RB 39033 811 19 short short JJ 39033 811 20 as as IN 39033 811 21 possible possible JJ 39033 811 22 , , , 39033 811 23 for for IN 39033 811 24 a a DT 39033 811 25 connecting connect VBG 39033 811 26 rod rod NN 39033 811 27 and and CC 39033 811 28 coupling couple VBG 39033 811 29 rod rod NN 39033 811 30 in in IN 39033 811 31 this this DT 39033 811 32 kind kind NN 39033 811 33 of of IN 39033 811 34 engine engine NN 39033 811 35 work work NN 39033 811 36 side side NN 39033 811 37 by by IN 39033 811 38 side side NN 39033 811 39 on on IN 39033 811 40 the the DT 39033 811 41 same same JJ 39033 811 42 crank crank NN 39033 811 43 - - HYPH 39033 811 44 pin pin NNP 39033 811 45 , , , 39033 811 46 which which WDT 39033 811 47 , , , 39033 811 48 being be VBG 39033 811 49 overhung overhang VBN 39033 811 50 , , , 39033 811 51 should should MD 39033 811 52 be be VB 39033 811 53 as as RB 39033 811 54 short short JJ 39033 811 55 as as RB 39033 811 56 convenient convenient JJ 39033 811 57 for for IN 39033 811 58 the the DT 39033 811 59 sake sake NN 39033 811 60 of of IN 39033 811 61 strength strength NN 39033 811 62 . . . 39033 812 1 The the DT 39033 812 2 requisite requisite JJ 39033 812 3 bearing bearing NN 39033 812 4 surface surface NN 39033 812 5 is be VBZ 39033 812 6 obtained obtain VBN 39033 812 7 by by IN 39033 812 8 having have VBG 39033 812 9 a a DT 39033 812 10 pin pin NN 39033 812 11 of of IN 39033 812 12 large large JJ 39033 812 13 diameter diameter NN 39033 812 14 . . . 39033 813 1 The the DT 39033 813 2 brass brass NN 39033 813 3 bush bush NNP 39033 813 4 is be VBZ 39033 813 5 prevented prevent VBN 39033 813 6 from from IN 39033 813 7 rotating rotate VBG 39033 813 8 by by IN 39033 813 9 means mean NNS 39033 813 10 of of IN 39033 813 11 the the DT 39033 813 12 square square JJ 39033 813 13 key key NN 39033 813 14 shown shown NNP 39033 813 15 . . . 39033 814 1 The the DT 39033 814 2 oil oil NN 39033 814 3 - - HYPH 39033 814 4 box box NN 39033 814 5 is be VBZ 39033 814 6 cut cut VBN 39033 814 7 out out IN 39033 814 8 of of IN 39033 814 9 the the DT 39033 814 10 solid solid JJ 39033 814 11 , , , 39033 814 12 and and CC 39033 814 13 has have VBZ 39033 814 14 a a DT 39033 814 15 wrought wrought NN 39033 814 16 - - HYPH 39033 814 17 iron iron NN 39033 814 18 cover cover NN 39033 814 19 slightly slightly RB 39033 814 20 dovetailed dovetail VBN 39033 814 21 at at IN 39033 814 22 the the DT 39033 814 23 edges edge NNS 39033 814 24 . . . 39033 815 1 This this DT 39033 815 2 cover cover NN 39033 815 3 fits fit VBZ 39033 815 4 into into IN 39033 815 5 a a DT 39033 815 6 check check NN 39033 815 7 round round IN 39033 815 8 the the DT 39033 815 9 top top JJ 39033 815 10 inner inner JJ 39033 815 11 edge edge NN 39033 815 12 of of IN 39033 815 13 the the DT 39033 815 14 box box NN 39033 815 15 , , , 39033 815 16 which which WDT 39033 815 17 is be VBZ 39033 815 18 originally originally RB 39033 815 19 parallel parallel JJ 39033 815 20 , , , 39033 815 21 but but CC 39033 815 22 is be VBZ 39033 815 23 made make VBN 39033 815 24 to to TO 39033 815 25 close close VB 39033 815 26 on on IN 39033 815 27 the the DT 39033 815 28 dovetailed dovetailed JJ 39033 815 29 edges edge NNS 39033 815 30 of of IN 39033 815 31 the the DT 39033 815 32 cover cover NN 39033 815 33 by by IN 39033 815 34 riveting rivet VBG 39033 815 35 . . . 39033 816 1 A a DT 39033 816 2 hole hole NN 39033 816 3 in in IN 39033 816 4 the the DT 39033 816 5 centre centre NN 39033 816 6 of of IN 39033 816 7 this this DT 39033 816 8 cover cover NN 39033 816 9 , , , 39033 816 10 which which WDT 39033 816 11 gives give VBZ 39033 816 12 access access NN 39033 816 13 to to IN 39033 816 14 the the DT 39033 816 15 oil oil NN 39033 816 16 - - HYPH 39033 816 17 box box NN 39033 816 18 , , , 39033 816 19 is be VBZ 39033 816 20 fitted fit VBN 39033 816 21 with with IN 39033 816 22 a a DT 39033 816 23 screwed screw VBN 39033 816 24 brass brass NN 39033 816 25 plug plug NN 39033 816 26 . . . 39033 817 1 The the DT 39033 817 2 brass brass NN 39033 817 3 plug plug NN 39033 817 4 has have VBZ 39033 817 5 a a DT 39033 817 6 screwed screw VBN 39033 817 7 hole hole NN 39033 817 8 in in IN 39033 817 9 the the DT 39033 817 10 centre centre NN 39033 817 11 , , , 39033 817 12 through through IN 39033 817 13 which which WDT 39033 817 14 oil oil NN 39033 817 15 may may MD 39033 817 16 be be VB 39033 817 17 introduced introduce VBN 39033 817 18 to to IN 39033 817 19 the the DT 39033 817 20 box box NN 39033 817 21 . . . 39033 818 1 Dust Dust NNP 39033 818 2 is be VBZ 39033 818 3 kept keep VBN 39033 818 4 out out IN 39033 818 5 of of IN 39033 818 6 the the DT 39033 818 7 oil oil NN 39033 818 8 - - HYPH 39033 818 9 box box NN 39033 818 10 by by IN 39033 818 11 screwing screw VBG 39033 818 12 into into IN 39033 818 13 the the DT 39033 818 14 hole hole NN 39033 818 15 in in IN 39033 818 16 the the DT 39033 818 17 brass brass NN 39033 818 18 plug plug VBP 39033 818 19 a a DT 39033 818 20 common common JJ 39033 818 21 cork cork NN 39033 818 22 . . . 39033 819 1 The the DT 39033 819 2 oil oil NN 39033 819 3 is be VBZ 39033 819 4 carried carry VBN 39033 819 5 slowly slowly RB 39033 819 6 but but CC 39033 819 7 regularly regularly RB 39033 819 8 from from IN 39033 819 9 the the DT 39033 819 10 oil oil NN 39033 819 11 - - HYPH 39033 819 12 box box NN 39033 819 13 over over RP 39033 819 14 to to IN 39033 819 15 the the DT 39033 819 16 bearing bearing NN 39033 819 17 by by IN 39033 819 18 a a DT 39033 819 19 piece piece NN 39033 819 20 of of IN 39033 819 21 cotton cotton NN 39033 819 22 wick wick NN 39033 819 23 . . . 39033 820 1 [ [ -LRB- 39033 820 2 Illustration illustration NN 39033 820 3 : : : 39033 820 4 FIG FIG NNP 39033 820 5 . . . 39033 821 1 44 44 CD 39033 821 2 . . . 39033 821 3 ] ] -RRB- 39033 822 1 EXERCISE EXERCISE NNP 39033 822 2 44 44 CD 39033 822 3 : : : 39033 822 4 _ _ NNP 39033 822 5 Coupling Coupling NNP 39033 822 6 Rod Rod NNP 39033 822 7 End._--Draw end._--draw VBP 39033 822 8 first first RB 39033 822 9 the the DT 39033 822 10 side side NN 39033 822 11 elevation elevation NN 39033 822 12 and and CC 39033 822 13 plan plan NN 39033 822 14 , , , 39033 822 15 each each DT 39033 822 16 partly partly RB 39033 822 17 in in IN 39033 822 18 section section NN 39033 822 19 as as IN 39033 822 20 shown show VBN 39033 822 21 in in IN 39033 822 22 fig fig NN 39033 822 23 . . . 39033 823 1 44 44 CD 39033 823 2 . . . 39033 824 1 Then then RB 39033 824 2 instead instead RB 39033 824 3 of of IN 39033 824 4 the the DT 39033 824 5 view view NN 39033 824 6 to to IN 39033 824 7 the the DT 39033 824 8 left left NN 39033 824 9 , , , 39033 824 10 which which WDT 39033 824 11 is be VBZ 39033 824 12 an an DT 39033 824 13 end end NN 39033 824 14 elevation elevation NN 39033 824 15 partly partly RB 39033 824 16 in in IN 39033 824 17 section section NN 39033 824 18 , , , 39033 824 19 draw draw VB 39033 824 20 a a DT 39033 824 21 complete complete JJ 39033 824 22 end end NN 39033 824 23 elevation elevation NN 39033 824 24 looking look VBG 39033 824 25 to to IN 39033 824 26 the the DT 39033 824 27 right right NN 39033 824 28 , , , 39033 824 29 and and CC 39033 824 30 also also RB 39033 824 31 a a DT 39033 824 32 complete complete JJ 39033 824 33 vertical vertical JJ 39033 824 34 cross cross NN 39033 824 35 section section NN 39033 824 36 through through IN 39033 824 37 the the DT 39033 824 38 centre centre NN 39033 824 39 of of IN 39033 824 40 the the DT 39033 824 41 bearing bearing NN 39033 824 42 . . . 39033 825 1 Scale scale NN 39033 825 2 6 6 CD 39033 825 3 inches inch NNS 39033 825 4 to to IN 39033 825 5 a a DT 39033 825 6 foot foot NN 39033 825 7 . . . 39033 826 1 XIII XIII NNP 39033 826 2 . . . 39033 827 1 CROSS cross NN 39033 827 2 - - HYPH 39033 827 3 HEADS HEADS NNP 39033 827 4 . . . 39033 828 1 An an DT 39033 828 2 example example NN 39033 828 3 of of IN 39033 828 4 a a DT 39033 828 5 steam steam NN 39033 828 6 - - HYPH 39033 828 7 engine engine NN 39033 828 8 cross cross NN 39033 828 9 - - NN 39033 828 10 head head NN 39033 828 11 is be VBZ 39033 828 12 shown show VBN 39033 828 13 in in IN 39033 828 14 fig fig NN 39033 828 15 . . . 39033 829 1 45 45 CD 39033 829 2 . . . 39033 830 1 A a DT 39033 830 2 is be VBZ 39033 830 3 the the DT 39033 830 4 end end NN 39033 830 5 of of IN 39033 830 6 the the DT 39033 830 7 piston piston NN 39033 830 8 rod rod NN 39033 830 9 which which WDT 39033 830 10 has have VBZ 39033 830 11 forged forge VBN 39033 830 12 upon upon IN 39033 830 13 it -PRON- PRP 39033 830 14 the the DT 39033 830 15 cross cross JJ 39033 830 16 - - JJ 39033 830 17 head head NN 39033 830 18 B. B. NNP 39033 831 1 The the DT 39033 831 2 cross cross JJ 39033 831 3 - - JJ 39033 831 4 head head NN 39033 831 5 pin pin NN 39033 831 6 shown show VBN 39033 831 7 at at IN 39033 831 8 ( ( -LRB- 39033 831 9 _ _ NNP 39033 831 10 d d NNP 39033 831 11 _ _ NNP 39033 831 12 ) ) -RRB- 39033 831 13 , , , 39033 831 14 fig fig NN 39033 831 15 . . . 39033 832 1 42 42 CD 39033 832 2 , , , 39033 832 3 and and CC 39033 832 4 to to TO 39033 832 5 which which WDT 39033 832 6 the the DT 39033 832 7 connecting connect VBG 39033 832 8 rod rod NN 39033 832 9 is be VBZ 39033 832 10 attached attach VBN 39033 832 11 , , , 39033 832 12 works work NNS 39033 832 13 in in IN 39033 832 14 the the DT 39033 832 15 bearing bearing NN 39033 832 16 C. C. NNP 39033 832 17 Projecting Projecting NNP 39033 832 18 pieces piece NNS 39033 832 19 D d NN 39033 832 20 , , , 39033 832 21 forged forge VBD 39033 832 22 on on IN 39033 832 23 the the DT 39033 832 24 top top JJ 39033 832 25 and and CC 39033 832 26 bottom bottom NN 39033 832 27 of of IN 39033 832 28 the the DT 39033 832 29 cross cross NN 39033 832 30 - - NN 39033 832 31 head head NN 39033 832 32 , , , 39033 832 33 carry carry VB 39033 832 34 the the DT 39033 832 35 slide slide NN 39033 832 36 blocks block NNS 39033 832 37 E E NNS 39033 832 38 which which WDT 39033 832 39 work work VBP 39033 832 40 on on IN 39033 832 41 the the DT 39033 832 42 slide slide NN 39033 832 43 bars bar NNS 39033 832 44 , , , 39033 832 45 and and CC 39033 832 46 thus thus RB 39033 832 47 guide guide VB 39033 832 48 the the DT 39033 832 49 motion motion NN 39033 832 50 of of IN 39033 832 51 the the DT 39033 832 52 piston piston NN 39033 832 53 rod rod NN 39033 832 54 . . . 39033 833 1 [ [ -LRB- 39033 833 2 Illustration illustration NN 39033 833 3 : : : 39033 833 4 FIG FIG NNP 39033 833 5 . . . 39033 834 1 45 45 CD 39033 834 2 . . . 39033 834 3 ] ] -RRB- 39033 835 1 EXERCISE EXERCISE NNP 39033 835 2 45 45 CD 39033 835 3 : : : 39033 835 4 _ _ NNP 39033 835 5 Locomotive Locomotive NNP 39033 835 6 Cross Cross NNP 39033 835 7 - - HYPH 39033 835 8 head._--In head._--In NNP 39033 835 9 fig fig NN 39033 835 10 . . . 39033 836 1 45 45 CD 39033 836 2 are be VBP 39033 836 3 shown show VBN 39033 836 4 side side NN 39033 836 5 and and CC 39033 836 6 end end VB 39033 836 7 elevations elevation NNS 39033 836 8 , , , 39033 836 9 partly partly RB 39033 836 10 in in IN 39033 836 11 section section NN 39033 836 12 , , , 39033 836 13 of of IN 39033 836 14 the the DT 39033 836 15 cross cross JJ 39033 836 16 - - NN 39033 836 17 head head NN 39033 836 18 and and CC 39033 836 19 slide slide NN 39033 836 20 blocks block NNS 39033 836 21 for for IN 39033 836 22 an an DT 39033 836 23 outside outside JJ 39033 836 24 cylinder cylinder NN 39033 836 25 locomotive locomotive JJ 39033 836 26 . . . 39033 837 1 Draw draw VB 39033 837 2 these these DT 39033 837 3 views view NNS 39033 837 4 half half NN 39033 837 5 size size NN 39033 837 6 , , , 39033 837 7 showing show VBG 39033 837 8 also also RB 39033 837 9 on on IN 39033 837 10 the the DT 39033 837 11 end end NN 39033 837 12 elevation elevation NN 39033 837 13 the the DT 39033 837 14 cross cross JJ 39033 837 15 - - JJ 39033 837 16 head head NN 39033 837 17 pin pin NN 39033 837 18 and and CC 39033 837 19 a a DT 39033 837 20 vertical vertical JJ 39033 837 21 section section NN 39033 837 22 of of IN 39033 837 23 the the DT 39033 837 24 connecting connect VBG 39033 837 25 rod rod NN 39033 837 26 end end NN 39033 837 27 from from IN 39033 837 28 fig fig NN 39033 837 29 . . . 39033 838 1 42 42 CD 39033 838 2 . . . 39033 839 1 The the DT 39033 839 2 bush bush NN 39033 839 3 in in IN 39033 839 4 the the DT 39033 839 5 cross cross JJ 39033 839 6 - - NN 39033 839 7 head head NN 39033 839 8 which which WDT 39033 839 9 forms form VBZ 39033 839 10 the the DT 39033 839 11 bearing bearing NN 39033 839 12 for for IN 39033 839 13 the the DT 39033 839 14 cross cross JJ 39033 839 15 - - JJ 39033 839 16 head head NN 39033 839 17 pin pin NN 39033 839 18 is be VBZ 39033 839 19 of of IN 39033 839 20 wrought wrought NN 39033 839 21 iron iron NN 39033 839 22 , , , 39033 839 23 case case NN 39033 839 24 - - HYPH 39033 839 25 hardened harden VBN 39033 839 26 , , , 39033 839 27 and and CC 39033 839 28 is be VBZ 39033 839 29 prevented prevent VBN 39033 839 30 from from IN 39033 839 31 rotating rotate VBG 39033 839 32 by by IN 39033 839 33 the the DT 39033 839 34 key key JJ 39033 839 35 shown shown NN 39033 839 36 . . . 39033 840 1 The the DT 39033 840 2 cross cross JJ 39033 840 3 - - JJ 39033 840 4 head head NN 39033 840 5 is be VBZ 39033 840 6 of of IN 39033 840 7 wrought wrought NN 39033 840 8 iron iron NN 39033 840 9 , , , 39033 840 10 and and CC 39033 840 11 the the DT 39033 840 12 slide slide NN 39033 840 13 blocks block NNS 39033 840 14 are be VBP 39033 840 15 of of IN 39033 840 16 cast cast NN 39033 840 17 iron iron NN 39033 840 18 , , , 39033 840 19 and and CC 39033 840 20 are be VBP 39033 840 21 fitted fit VBN 39033 840 22 with with IN 39033 840 23 white white JJ 39033 840 24 metal metal NN 39033 840 25 strips strip NNS 39033 840 26 as as IN 39033 840 27 shown show VBN 39033 840 28 . . . 39033 841 1 A a DT 39033 841 2 short short JJ 39033 841 3 brass brass NN 39033 841 4 tube tube NN 39033 841 5 leads lead VBZ 39033 841 6 oil oil NN 39033 841 7 from from IN 39033 841 8 the the DT 39033 841 9 upper upper JJ 39033 841 10 slide slide NN 39033 841 11 block block NN 39033 841 12 into into IN 39033 841 13 a a DT 39033 841 14 hole hole NN 39033 841 15 in in IN 39033 841 16 the the DT 39033 841 17 cross cross NN 39033 841 18 - - NN 39033 841 19 head head NN 39033 841 20 as as IN 39033 841 21 shown show VBN 39033 841 22 , , , 39033 841 23 which which WDT 39033 841 24 carries carry VBZ 39033 841 25 it -PRON- PRP 39033 841 26 to to IN 39033 841 27 a a DT 39033 841 28 slot slot NN 39033 841 29 in in IN 39033 841 30 the the DT 39033 841 31 bush bush NN 39033 841 32 which which WDT 39033 841 33 distributes distribute VBZ 39033 841 34 it -PRON- PRP 39033 841 35 over over IN 39033 841 36 the the DT 39033 841 37 cross cross JJ 39033 841 38 - - JJ 39033 841 39 head head NN 39033 841 40 pin pin NN 39033 841 41 . . . 39033 842 1 XIV XIV NNP 39033 842 2 . . . 39033 843 1 PISTONS PISTONS NNP 39033 843 2 . . . 39033 844 1 A a DT 39033 844 2 _ _ NNP 39033 844 3 piston piston NN 39033 844 4 _ _ NNP 39033 844 5 is be VBZ 39033 844 6 generally generally RB 39033 844 7 a a DT 39033 844 8 cylindrical cylindrical JJ 39033 844 9 piece piece NN 39033 844 10 which which WDT 39033 844 11 slides slide VBZ 39033 844 12 backwards backwards RB 39033 844 13 and and CC 39033 844 14 forwards forwards RB 39033 844 15 inside inside IN 39033 844 16 a a DT 39033 844 17 hollow hollow JJ 39033 844 18 cylinder cylinder NN 39033 844 19 . . . 39033 845 1 The the DT 39033 845 2 piston piston NN 39033 845 3 may may MD 39033 845 4 be be VB 39033 845 5 moved move VBN 39033 845 6 by by IN 39033 845 7 the the DT 39033 845 8 action action NN 39033 845 9 of of IN 39033 845 10 fluid fluid JJ 39033 845 11 pressure pressure NN 39033 845 12 upon upon IN 39033 845 13 it -PRON- PRP 39033 845 14 as as IN 39033 845 15 in in IN 39033 845 16 a a DT 39033 845 17 steam steam NN 39033 845 18 - - HYPH 39033 845 19 engine engine NN 39033 845 20 , , , 39033 845 21 or or CC 39033 845 22 it -PRON- PRP 39033 845 23 may may MD 39033 845 24 be be VB 39033 845 25 used use VBN 39033 845 26 to to TO 39033 845 27 give give VB 39033 845 28 motion motion NN 39033 845 29 to to IN 39033 845 30 a a DT 39033 845 31 fluid fluid NN 39033 845 32 as as IN 39033 845 33 in in IN 39033 845 34 a a DT 39033 845 35 pump pump NN 39033 845 36 . . . 39033 846 1 A a DT 39033 846 2 piston piston NN 39033 846 3 is be VBZ 39033 846 4 usually usually RB 39033 846 5 attached attach VBN 39033 846 6 to to IN 39033 846 7 a a DT 39033 846 8 rod rod NN 39033 846 9 , , , 39033 846 10 called call VBD 39033 846 11 a a DT 39033 846 12 _ _ NNP 39033 846 13 piston piston NN 39033 846 14 rod rod NN 39033 846 15 _ _ NNP 39033 846 16 , , , 39033 846 17 which which WDT 39033 846 18 passes pass VBZ 39033 846 19 through through IN 39033 846 20 the the DT 39033 846 21 end end NN 39033 846 22 of of IN 39033 846 23 the the DT 39033 846 24 cylinder cylinder NN 39033 846 25 inside inside IN 39033 846 26 which which WDT 39033 846 27 the the DT 39033 846 28 piston piston NN 39033 846 29 works work VBZ 39033 846 30 , , , 39033 846 31 and and CC 39033 846 32 which which WDT 39033 846 33 serves serve VBZ 39033 846 34 to to TO 39033 846 35 transmit transmit VB 39033 846 36 the the DT 39033 846 37 motion motion NN 39033 846 38 of of IN 39033 846 39 the the DT 39033 846 40 piston piston NN 39033 846 41 to to IN 39033 846 42 some some DT 39033 846 43 piece piece NN 39033 846 44 outside outside IN 39033 846 45 the the DT 39033 846 46 cylinder cylinder NN 39033 846 47 , , , 39033 846 48 or or CC 39033 846 49 _ _ NNP 39033 846 50 vice vice NNP 39033 846 51 versâ versâ NNP 39033 846 52 _ _ NNP 39033 846 53 . . . 39033 847 1 [ [ -LRB- 39033 847 2 Illustration illustration NN 39033 847 3 : : : 39033 847 4 FIG FIG NNP 39033 847 5 . . . 39033 848 1 46 46 CD 39033 848 2 . . . 39033 848 3 ] ] -RRB- 39033 849 1 A a DT 39033 849 2 _ _ NNP 39033 849 3 plunger plunger NN 39033 849 4 _ _ NNP 39033 849 5 is be VBZ 39033 849 6 a a DT 39033 849 7 piston piston NN 39033 849 8 made make VBN 39033 849 9 in in IN 39033 849 10 one one CD 39033 849 11 piece piece NN 39033 849 12 with with IN 39033 849 13 its -PRON- PRP$ 39033 849 14 piston piston NN 39033 849 15 rod rod NN 39033 849 16 , , , 39033 849 17 the the DT 39033 849 18 piston piston NN 39033 849 19 and and CC 39033 849 20 the the DT 39033 849 21 rod rod NN 39033 849 22 being being NN 39033 849 23 of of IN 39033 849 24 the the DT 39033 849 25 same same JJ 39033 849 26 diameter diameter NN 39033 849 27 . . . 39033 850 1 A a DT 39033 850 2 piston piston NN 39033 850 3 which which WDT 39033 850 4 is be VBZ 39033 850 5 provided provide VBN 39033 850 6 with with IN 39033 850 7 one one CD 39033 850 8 or or CC 39033 850 9 more more JJR 39033 850 10 valves valve NNS 39033 850 11 which which WDT 39033 850 12 allow allow VBP 39033 850 13 the the DT 39033 850 14 fluid fluid NN 39033 850 15 to to TO 39033 850 16 pass pass VB 39033 850 17 through through IN 39033 850 18 it -PRON- PRP 39033 850 19 from from IN 39033 850 20 one one CD 39033 850 21 side side NN 39033 850 22 to to IN 39033 850 23 the the DT 39033 850 24 other other JJ 39033 850 25 is be VBZ 39033 850 26 called call VBN 39033 850 27 a a DT 39033 850 28 _ _ NNP 39033 850 29 bucket bucket NN 39033 850 30 _ _ NNP 39033 850 31 . . . 39033 851 1 _ _ NNP 39033 851 2 Simple Simple NNP 39033 851 3 Piston._--The piston._--the CD 39033 851 4 simplest simple JJS 39033 851 5 form form NN 39033 851 6 of of IN 39033 851 7 piston piston NN 39033 851 8 is be VBZ 39033 851 9 a a DT 39033 851 10 plain plain JJ 39033 851 11 cylinder cylinder NN 39033 851 12 fitting fit VBG 39033 851 13 accurately accurately RB 39033 851 14 another another DT 39033 851 15 , , , 39033 851 16 inside inside IN 39033 851 17 which which WDT 39033 851 18 it -PRON- PRP 39033 851 19 moves move VBZ 39033 851 20 . . . 39033 852 1 Such such PDT 39033 852 2 a a DT 39033 852 3 piston piston NN 39033 852 4 works work VBZ 39033 852 5 with with IN 39033 852 6 very very RB 39033 852 7 little little JJ 39033 852 8 friction friction NN 39033 852 9 , , , 39033 852 10 but but CC 39033 852 11 as as IN 39033 852 12 there there EX 39033 852 13 is be VBZ 39033 852 14 no no DT 39033 852 15 adjustment adjustment NN 39033 852 16 for for IN 39033 852 17 wear wear NN 39033 852 18 , , , 39033 852 19 such such PDT 39033 852 20 a a DT 39033 852 21 piston piston NN 39033 852 22 is be VBZ 39033 852 23 not not RB 39033 852 24 suitable suitable JJ 39033 852 25 for for IN 39033 852 26 a a DT 39033 852 27 high high JJ 39033 852 28 fluid fluid JJ 39033 852 29 pressure pressure NN 39033 852 30 if if IN 39033 852 31 it -PRON- PRP 39033 852 32 has have VBZ 39033 852 33 to to TO 39033 852 34 work work VB 39033 852 35 constantly constantly RB 39033 852 36 . . . 39033 853 1 This this DT 39033 853 2 simple simple JJ 39033 853 3 form form NN 39033 853 4 of of IN 39033 853 5 piston piston NN 39033 853 6 is be VBZ 39033 853 7 used use VBN 39033 853 8 in in IN 39033 853 9 the the DT 39033 853 10 steam steam NN 39033 853 11 - - HYPH 39033 853 12 engine engine NN 39033 853 13 indicator indicator NN 39033 853 14 , , , 39033 853 15 and and CC 39033 853 16 also also RB 39033 853 17 in in IN 39033 853 18 pumps pump NNS 39033 853 19 . . . 39033 854 1 Fig fig NN 39033 854 2 . . . 39033 855 1 46 46 CD 39033 855 2 shows show VBZ 39033 855 3 the the DT 39033 855 4 piston piston NN 39033 855 5 of of IN 39033 855 6 the the DT 39033 855 7 circulation circulation NN 39033 855 8 pump pump NN 39033 855 9 of of IN 39033 855 10 a a DT 39033 855 11 marine marine JJ 39033 855 12 engine engine NN 39033 855 13 . . . 39033 856 1 A a DT 39033 856 2 is be VBZ 39033 856 3 the the DT 39033 856 4 cast cast NN 39033 856 5 - - HYPH 39033 856 6 iron iron NN 39033 856 7 casing casing NN 39033 856 8 or or CC 39033 856 9 barrel barrel NN 39033 856 10 of of IN 39033 856 11 the the DT 39033 856 12 pump pump NN 39033 856 13 ; ; : 39033 856 14 B b NN 39033 856 15 is be VBZ 39033 856 16 a a DT 39033 856 17 brass brass NN 39033 856 18 liner liner NN 39033 856 19 fitting fit VBG 39033 856 20 tightly tightly RB 39033 856 21 into into IN 39033 856 22 the the DT 39033 856 23 former former JJ 39033 856 24 at at IN 39033 856 25 its -PRON- PRP$ 39033 856 26 ends end NNS 39033 856 27 , , , 39033 856 28 and and CC 39033 856 29 secured secure VBN 39033 856 30 by by IN 39033 856 31 eight eight CD 39033 856 32 screwed screw VBN 39033 856 33 Muntz Muntz NNP 39033 856 34 metal metal NN 39033 856 35 pins pin NNS 39033 856 36 C C NNP 39033 856 37 , , , 39033 856 38 four four CD 39033 856 39 at at IN 39033 856 40 each each DT 39033 856 41 end end NN 39033 856 42 ; ; : 39033 856 43 D d NN 39033 856 44 is be VBZ 39033 856 45 the the DT 39033 856 46 piston piston NN 39033 856 47 , , , 39033 856 48 which which WDT 39033 856 49 is be VBZ 39033 856 50 made make VBN 39033 856 51 of of IN 39033 856 52 brass brass NN 39033 856 53 , , , 39033 856 54 and and CC 39033 856 55 is be VBZ 39033 856 56 attached attach VBN 39033 856 57 to to IN 39033 856 58 a a DT 39033 856 59 Muntz Muntz NNP 39033 856 60 metal metal NN 39033 856 61 piston piston NN 39033 856 62 rod rod NN 39033 856 63 E. E. NNP 39033 856 64 The the DT 39033 856 65 liner liner NN 39033 856 66 is be VBZ 39033 856 67 bored bore VBN 39033 856 68 out out RP 39033 856 69 smooth smooth JJ 39033 856 70 and and CC 39033 856 71 true true JJ 39033 856 72 from from IN 39033 856 73 end end NN 39033 856 74 to to IN 39033 856 75 end end NN 39033 856 76 , , , 39033 856 77 and and CC 39033 856 78 the the DT 39033 856 79 piston piston NN 39033 856 80 is be VBZ 39033 856 81 turned turn VBN 39033 856 82 so so IN 39033 856 83 as as IN 39033 856 84 to to TO 39033 856 85 be be VB 39033 856 86 a a DT 39033 856 87 sliding slide VBG 39033 856 88 fit fit NN 39033 856 89 to to IN 39033 856 90 the the DT 39033 856 91 liner liner NN 39033 856 92 . . . 39033 857 1 The the DT 39033 857 2 wear wear NN 39033 857 3 in in IN 39033 857 4 this this DT 39033 857 5 form form NN 39033 857 6 of of IN 39033 857 7 piston piston NN 39033 857 8 is be VBZ 39033 857 9 diminished diminish VBN 39033 857 10 by by IN 39033 857 11 making make VBG 39033 857 12 the the DT 39033 857 13 rubbing rub VBG 39033 857 14 surface surface NN 39033 857 15 large large JJ 39033 857 16 . . . 39033 858 1 EXERCISE EXERCISE NNP 39033 858 2 46 46 CD 39033 858 3 : : : 39033 858 4 _ _ NNP 39033 858 5 Piston Piston NNP 39033 858 6 for for IN 39033 858 7 Circulating Circulating NNP 39033 858 8 Pump._--Draw Pump._--Draw NNP 39033 858 9 the the DT 39033 858 10 vertical vertical JJ 39033 858 11 sectional sectional JJ 39033 858 12 elevation elevation NN 39033 858 13 of of IN 39033 858 14 the the DT 39033 858 15 piston piston NN 39033 858 16 , , , 39033 858 17 & & CC 39033 858 18 c. c. NNP 39033 858 19 , , , 39033 858 20 shown show VBN 39033 858 21 in in IN 39033 858 22 fig fig NN 39033 858 23 . . . 39033 859 1 46 46 CD 39033 859 2 , , , 39033 859 3 also also RB 39033 859 4 a a DT 39033 859 5 half half JJ 39033 859 6 plan plan NN 39033 859 7 and and CC 39033 859 8 half half JJ 39033 859 9 horizontal horizontal JJ 39033 859 10 section section NN 39033 859 11 through through IN 39033 859 12 the the DT 39033 859 13 centre centre NN 39033 859 14 . . . 39033 860 1 Scale scale NN 39033 860 2 4 4 CD 39033 860 3 inches inch NNS 39033 860 4 to to IN 39033 860 5 a a DT 39033 860 6 foot foot NN 39033 860 7 . . . 39033 861 1 _ _ NNP 39033 861 2 Pump Pump NNP 39033 861 3 Bucket._--The Bucket._--The NNP 39033 861 4 next next JJ 39033 861 5 form form NN 39033 861 6 of of IN 39033 861 7 piston piston NN 39033 861 8 which which WDT 39033 861 9 we -PRON- PRP 39033 861 10 illustrate illustrate VBP 39033 861 11 is be VBZ 39033 861 12 shown show VBN 39033 861 13 in in IN 39033 861 14 fig fig NN 39033 861 15 . . . 39033 862 1 47 47 CD 39033 862 2 . . . 39033 863 1 This this DT 39033 863 2 represents represent VBZ 39033 863 3 the the DT 39033 863 4 air air NN 39033 863 5 - - HYPH 39033 863 6 pump pump NN 39033 863 7 bucket bucket NN 39033 863 8 of of IN 39033 863 9 a a DT 39033 863 10 marine marine JJ 39033 863 11 engine engine NN 39033 863 12 . . . 39033 864 1 The the DT 39033 864 2 bucket bucket NN 39033 864 3 is be VBZ 39033 864 4 made make VBN 39033 864 5 of of IN 39033 864 6 brass brass NN 39033 864 7 , , , 39033 864 8 and and CC 39033 864 9 is be VBZ 39033 864 10 provided provide VBN 39033 864 11 with with IN 39033 864 12 six six CD 39033 864 13 india india NN 39033 864 14 - - HYPH 39033 864 15 rubber rubber NN 39033 864 16 disc disc NN 39033 864 17 valves valve NNS 39033 864 18 . . . 39033 865 1 The the DT 39033 865 2 rod rod NN 39033 865 3 is be VBZ 39033 865 4 in in IN 39033 865 5 this this DT 39033 865 6 case case NN 39033 865 7 made make VBN 39033 865 8 of of IN 39033 865 9 Muntz Muntz NNP 39033 865 10 metal metal NN 39033 865 11 . . . 39033 866 1 Air air NN 39033 866 2 - - HYPH 39033 866 3 pump pump NN 39033 866 4 rods rod NNS 39033 866 5 for for IN 39033 866 6 marine marine JJ 39033 866 7 engines engine NNS 39033 866 8 are be VBP 39033 866 9 very very RB 39033 866 10 often often RB 39033 866 11 made make VBN 39033 866 12 of of IN 39033 866 13 wrought wrought JJ 39033 866 14 iron iron NN 39033 866 15 cased case VBN 39033 866 16 with with IN 39033 866 17 brass brass NN 39033 866 18 . . . 39033 867 1 It -PRON- PRP 39033 867 2 will will MD 39033 867 3 be be VB 39033 867 4 observed observe VBN 39033 867 5 that that IN 39033 867 6 there there EX 39033 867 7 is be VBZ 39033 867 8 a a DT 39033 867 9 wide wide JJ 39033 867 10 groove groove NN 39033 867 11 around around IN 39033 867 12 the the DT 39033 867 13 bucket bucket NN 39033 867 14 , , , 39033 867 15 which which WDT 39033 867 16 is be VBZ 39033 867 17 filled fill VBN 39033 867 18 with with IN 39033 867 19 hempen hempen NNP 39033 867 20 rope rope NNP 39033 867 21 or or CC 39033 867 22 gasket gasket NN 39033 867 23 . . . 39033 868 1 This this DT 39033 868 2 gasket gasket NN 39033 868 3 forms form VBZ 39033 868 4 an an DT 39033 868 5 elastic elastic JJ 39033 868 6 packing packing NN 39033 868 7 which which WDT 39033 868 8 prevents prevent VBZ 39033 868 9 leakage leakage NN 39033 868 10 . . . 39033 869 1 This this DT 39033 869 2 is be VBZ 39033 869 3 an an DT 39033 869 4 old old JJ 39033 869 5 - - HYPH 39033 869 6 fashioned fashioned JJ 39033 869 7 form form NN 39033 869 8 of of IN 39033 869 9 packing packing NN 39033 869 10 , , , 39033 869 11 and and CC 39033 869 12 is be VBZ 39033 869 13 now now RB 39033 869 14 only only RB 39033 869 15 used use VBN 39033 869 16 for for IN 39033 869 17 pump pump NN 39033 869 18 buckets bucket NNS 39033 869 19 . . . 39033 870 1 [ [ -LRB- 39033 870 2 Illustration illustration NN 39033 870 3 : : : 39033 870 4 FIG FIG NNP 39033 870 5 . . . 39033 871 1 47 47 CD 39033 871 2 . . . 39033 871 3 ] ] -RRB- 39033 872 1 EXERCISE EXERCISE NNP 39033 872 2 47 47 CD 39033 872 3 : : : 39033 872 4 _ _ NNP 39033 872 5 Air Air NNP 39033 872 6 - - HYPH 39033 872 7 pump pump NN 39033 872 8 Bucket._--Draw Bucket._--Draw NNP 39033 872 9 the the DT 39033 872 10 sectional sectional JJ 39033 872 11 elevation elevation NN 39033 872 12 of of IN 39033 872 13 the the DT 39033 872 14 air air NN 39033 872 15 - - HYPH 39033 872 16 pump pump NN 39033 872 17 bucket bucket NN 39033 872 18 shown show VBN 39033 872 19 in in IN 39033 872 20 fig fig NN 39033 872 21 . . . 39033 873 1 47 47 CD 39033 873 2 . . . 39033 874 1 Also also RB 39033 874 2 draw draw VB 39033 874 3 a a DT 39033 874 4 half half JJ 39033 874 5 plan plan NN 39033 874 6 looking look VBG 39033 874 7 downwards downward NNS 39033 874 8 and and CC 39033 874 9 a a DT 39033 874 10 half half JJ 39033 874 11 plan plan NN 39033 874 12 looking look VBG 39033 874 13 upwards upwards RB 39033 874 14 . . . 39033 875 1 Scale scale NN 39033 875 2 4 4 CD 39033 875 3 inches inch NNS 39033 875 4 to to IN 39033 875 5 a a DT 39033 875 6 foot foot NN 39033 875 7 . . . 39033 876 1 _ _ NNP 39033 876 2 Ramsbottom Ramsbottom NNP 39033 876 3 's 's POS 39033 876 4 Packing._--The packing._--the CD 39033 876 5 form form NN 39033 876 6 of of IN 39033 876 7 packing packing NN 39033 876 8 used use VBN 39033 876 9 in in IN 39033 876 10 the the DT 39033 876 11 air air NN 39033 876 12 - - HYPH 39033 876 13 pump pump NN 39033 876 14 bucket bucket NN 39033 876 15 , , , 39033 876 16 fig fig VB 39033 876 17 . . . 39033 877 1 47 47 CD 39033 877 2 , , , 39033 877 3 is be VBZ 39033 877 4 not not RB 39033 877 5 suitable suitable JJ 39033 877 6 for for IN 39033 877 7 steam steam NN 39033 877 8 pistons piston NNS 39033 877 9 . . . 39033 878 1 For for IN 39033 878 2 the the DT 39033 878 3 latter latter JJ 39033 878 4 the the DT 39033 878 5 packing packing NN 39033 878 6 is be VBZ 39033 878 7 now now RB 39033 878 8 always always RB 39033 878 9 metallic metallic JJ 39033 878 10 . . . 39033 879 1 The the DT 39033 879 2 simplest simple JJS 39033 879 3 form form NN 39033 879 4 of of IN 39033 879 5 metallic metallic JJ 39033 879 6 packing packing NN 39033 879 7 is be VBZ 39033 879 8 that that DT 39033 879 9 known know VBN 39033 879 10 as as IN 39033 879 11 Ramsbottom Ramsbottom NNP 39033 879 12 's 's POS 39033 879 13 . . . 39033 880 1 This this DT 39033 880 2 form form NN 39033 880 3 is be VBZ 39033 880 4 very very RB 39033 880 5 largely largely RB 39033 880 6 used use VBN 39033 880 7 for for IN 39033 880 8 locomotive locomotive JJ 39033 880 9 pistons piston NNS 39033 880 10 , , , 39033 880 11 and and CC 39033 880 12 for for IN 39033 880 13 small small JJ 39033 880 14 pistons piston NNS 39033 880 15 in in IN 39033 880 16 many many JJ 39033 880 17 kinds kind NNS 39033 880 18 of of IN 39033 880 19 engines engine NNS 39033 880 20 besides besides RB 39033 880 21 . . . 39033 881 1 A a DT 39033 881 2 locomotive locomotive JJ 39033 881 3 piston piston NN 39033 881 4 for for IN 39033 881 5 an an DT 39033 881 6 18-inch 18-inch CD 39033 881 7 cylinder cylinder NN 39033 881 8 with with IN 39033 881 9 Ramsbottom Ramsbottom NNP 39033 881 10 's 's POS 39033 881 11 packing packing NN 39033 881 12 is be VBZ 39033 881 13 shown show VBN 39033 881 14 in in IN 39033 881 15 fig fig NN 39033 881 16 . . . 39033 882 1 48 48 CD 39033 882 2 . . . 39033 883 1 The the DT 39033 883 2 particular particular JJ 39033 883 3 piston piston NN 39033 883 4 there there EX 39033 883 5 illustrated illustrate VBN 39033 883 6 is be VBZ 39033 883 7 made make VBN 39033 883 8 of of IN 39033 883 9 brass brass NN 39033 883 10 , , , 39033 883 11 and and CC 39033 883 12 is be VBZ 39033 883 13 secured secure VBN 39033 883 14 to to IN 39033 883 15 a a DT 39033 883 16 wrought wrought NN 39033 883 17 - - HYPH 39033 883 18 iron iron NN 39033 883 19 piston piston NN 39033 883 20 rod rod NN 39033 883 21 by by IN 39033 883 22 a a DT 39033 883 23 brass brass NN 39033 883 24 nut nut NN 39033 883 25 . . . 39033 884 1 Two two CD 39033 884 2 circumferential circumferential JJ 39033 884 3 grooves groove NNS 39033 884 4 of of IN 39033 884 5 rectangular rectangular JJ 39033 884 6 section section NN 39033 884 7 are be VBP 39033 884 8 turned turn VBN 39033 884 9 out out IN 39033 884 10 of of IN 39033 884 11 the the DT 39033 884 12 piston piston NN 39033 884 13 , , , 39033 884 14 and and CC 39033 884 15 into into IN 39033 884 16 these these DT 39033 884 17 fit fit JJ 39033 884 18 two two CD 39033 884 19 corresponding corresponding JJ 39033 884 20 rings ring NNS 39033 884 21 , , , 39033 884 22 which which WDT 39033 884 23 may may MD 39033 884 24 be be VB 39033 884 25 of of IN 39033 884 26 brass brass NN 39033 884 27 , , , 39033 884 28 cast cast VBN 39033 884 29 iron iron NN 39033 884 30 , , , 39033 884 31 or or CC 39033 884 32 steel steel NN 39033 884 33 . . . 39033 885 1 In in IN 39033 885 2 this this DT 39033 885 3 example example NN 39033 885 4 the the DT 39033 885 5 rings ring NNS 39033 885 6 are be VBP 39033 885 7 of of IN 39033 885 8 cast cast NN 39033 885 9 iron iron NN 39033 885 10 . . . 39033 886 1 These these DT 39033 886 2 rings ring NNS 39033 886 3 are be VBP 39033 886 4 first first RB 39033 886 5 turned turn VBN 39033 886 6 a a DT 39033 886 7 little little RB 39033 886 8 larger large JJR 39033 886 9 in in IN 39033 886 10 diameter diameter NN 39033 886 11 than than IN 39033 886 12 the the DT 39033 886 13 bore bore NN 39033 886 14 of of IN 39033 886 15 the the DT 39033 886 16 cylinder cylinder NN 39033 886 17 ( ( -LRB- 39033 886 18 in in IN 39033 886 19 this this DT 39033 886 20 example example NN 39033 886 21 1/2 1/2 CD 39033 886 22 inch inch NN 39033 886 23 ) ) -RRB- 39033 886 24 , , , 39033 886 25 and and CC 39033 886 26 then then RB 39033 886 27 sprung spring VBD 39033 886 28 over over IN 39033 886 29 the the DT 39033 886 30 piston piston NN 39033 886 31 into into IN 39033 886 32 the the DT 39033 886 33 groves grove NNS 39033 886 34 prepared prepare VBN 39033 886 35 for for IN 39033 886 36 them -PRON- PRP 39033 886 37 . . . 39033 887 1 Their -PRON- PRP$ 39033 887 2 own own JJ 39033 887 3 elasticity elasticity NN 39033 887 4 causes cause VBZ 39033 887 5 the the DT 39033 887 6 rings ring NNS 39033 887 7 to to TO 39033 887 8 press press VB 39033 887 9 outwards outward NNS 39033 887 10 on on IN 39033 887 11 the the DT 39033 887 12 cylinder cylinder NN 39033 887 13 . . . 39033 888 1 At at IN 39033 888 2 the the DT 39033 888 3 point point NN 39033 888 4 where where WRB 39033 888 5 a a DT 39033 888 6 ring ring NN 39033 888 7 is be VBZ 39033 888 8 split split VBN 39033 888 9 a a DT 39033 888 10 leakage leakage NN 39033 888 11 of of IN 39033 888 12 steam steam NN 39033 888 13 will will MD 39033 888 14 take take VB 39033 888 15 place place NN 39033 888 16 , , , 39033 888 17 but but CC 39033 888 18 with with IN 39033 888 19 quick quick RB 39033 888 20 - - HYPH 39033 888 21 running run VBG 39033 888 22 pistons piston NNS 39033 888 23 this this DT 39033 888 24 leakage leakage NN 39033 888 25 is be VBZ 39033 888 26 unimportant unimportant JJ 39033 888 27 . . . 39033 889 1 The the DT 39033 889 2 points point NNS 39033 889 3 where where WRB 39033 889 4 the the DT 39033 889 5 rings ring NNS 39033 889 6 are be VBP 39033 889 7 cut cut VBN 39033 889 8 should should MD 39033 889 9 be be VB 39033 889 10 placed place VBN 39033 889 11 diametrically diametrically RB 39033 889 12 opposite opposite RB 39033 889 13 , , , 39033 889 14 so so IN 39033 889 15 as as IN 39033 889 16 to to TO 39033 889 17 diminish diminish VB 39033 889 18 the the DT 39033 889 19 leakage leakage NN 39033 889 20 of of IN 39033 889 21 steam steam NN 39033 889 22 . . . 39033 890 1 [ [ -LRB- 39033 890 2 Illustration illustration NN 39033 890 3 : : : 39033 890 4 FIG FIG NNP 39033 890 5 . . . 39033 891 1 48 48 CD 39033 891 2 . . . 39033 891 3 ] ] -RRB- 39033 892 1 EXERCISE EXERCISE NNP 39033 892 2 48 48 CD 39033 892 3 : : : 39033 892 4 _ _ NNP 39033 892 5 Locomotive Locomotive NNP 39033 892 6 Piston._--A Piston._--A NNP 39033 892 7 part part NN 39033 892 8 elevation elevation NN 39033 892 9 and and CC 39033 892 10 part part NN 39033 892 11 section section NN 39033 892 12 of of IN 39033 892 13 a a DT 39033 892 14 locomotive locomotive JJ 39033 892 15 piston piston NN 39033 892 16 , , , 39033 892 17 for for IN 39033 892 18 a a DT 39033 892 19 cylinder cylinder NN 39033 892 20 having have VBG 39033 892 21 a a DT 39033 892 22 bore bear VBN 39033 892 23 18 18 CD 39033 892 24 inches inch NNS 39033 892 25 in in IN 39033 892 26 diameter diameter NN 39033 892 27 , , , 39033 892 28 is be VBZ 39033 892 29 shown show VBN 39033 892 30 in in IN 39033 892 31 fig fig NN 39033 892 32 . . . 39033 893 1 48 48 CD 39033 893 2 . . . 39033 894 1 Draw draw VB 39033 894 2 this this DT 39033 894 3 , , , 39033 894 4 and and CC 39033 894 5 also also RB 39033 894 6 a a DT 39033 894 7 view view NN 39033 894 8 looking look VBG 39033 894 9 on on IN 39033 894 10 the the DT 39033 894 11 nut nut NN 39033 894 12 in in IN 39033 894 13 the the DT 39033 894 14 direction direction NN 39033 894 15 of of IN 39033 894 16 the the DT 39033 894 17 axis axi NNS 39033 894 18 of of IN 39033 894 19 the the DT 39033 894 20 piston piston NN 39033 894 21 rod rod NN 39033 894 22 . . . 39033 895 1 Scale scale NN 39033 895 2 6 6 CD 39033 895 3 inches inch NNS 39033 895 4 to to IN 39033 895 5 a a DT 39033 895 6 foot foot NN 39033 895 7 . . . 39033 896 1 _ _ NNP 39033 896 2 Note._--The Note._--The NNP 39033 896 3 reason reason NN 39033 896 4 why why WRB 39033 896 5 the the DT 39033 896 6 part part NN 39033 896 7 of of IN 39033 896 8 the the DT 39033 896 9 piston piston NN 39033 896 10 rod rod NN 39033 896 11 within within IN 39033 896 12 the the DT 39033 896 13 piston piston NN 39033 896 14 has have VBZ 39033 896 15 such such PDT 39033 896 16 a a DT 39033 896 17 quick quick JJ 39033 896 18 taper taper NN 39033 896 19 is be VBZ 39033 896 20 that that IN 39033 896 21 the the DT 39033 896 22 piston piston NN 39033 896 23 has have VBZ 39033 896 24 to to TO 39033 896 25 be be VB 39033 896 26 taken take VBN 39033 896 27 off off RP 39033 896 28 the the DT 39033 896 29 rod rod NN 39033 896 30 while while IN 39033 896 31 it -PRON- PRP 39033 896 32 is be VBZ 39033 896 33 in in IN 39033 896 34 the the DT 39033 896 35 cylinder cylinder NN 39033 896 36 . . . 39033 897 1 The the DT 39033 897 2 cross cross JJ 39033 897 3 - - JJ 39033 897 4 head head NN 39033 897 5 being be VBG 39033 897 6 forged forge VBN 39033 897 7 on on IN 39033 897 8 the the DT 39033 897 9 end end NN 39033 897 10 of of IN 39033 897 11 the the DT 39033 897 12 piston piston NN 39033 897 13 rod rod NN 39033 897 14 prevents prevent VBZ 39033 897 15 the the DT 39033 897 16 piston piston NNP 39033 897 17 and and CC 39033 897 18 piston piston NNP 39033 897 19 rod rod NN 39033 897 20 being be VBG 39033 897 21 withdrawn withdraw VBN 39033 897 22 together together RB 39033 897 23 . . . 39033 898 1 _ _ NNP 39033 898 2 Large large JJ 39033 898 3 Pistons._--Pistons pistons._--piston NNS 39033 898 4 of of IN 39033 898 5 large large JJ 39033 898 6 diameter diameter NN 39033 898 7 are be VBP 39033 898 8 generally generally RB 39033 898 9 provided provide VBN 39033 898 10 with with IN 39033 898 11 two two CD 39033 898 12 cast cast NN 39033 898 13 - - HYPH 39033 898 14 iron iron NN 39033 898 15 packing packing NN 39033 898 16 rings ring NNS 39033 898 17 placed place VBN 39033 898 18 within within IN 39033 898 19 the the DT 39033 898 20 same same JJ 39033 898 21 groove groove NN 39033 898 22 . . . 39033 899 1 These these DT 39033 899 2 rings ring NNS 39033 899 3 are be VBP 39033 899 4 pressed press VBN 39033 899 5 outwards outward NNS 39033 899 6 against against IN 39033 899 7 the the DT 39033 899 8 cylinder cylinder NN 39033 899 9 , , , 39033 899 10 and and CC 39033 899 11 also also RB 39033 899 12 against against IN 39033 899 13 the the DT 39033 899 14 sides side NNS 39033 899 15 of of IN 39033 899 16 the the DT 39033 899 17 groove groove NN 39033 899 18 by by IN 39033 899 19 one one CD 39033 899 20 or or CC 39033 899 21 more more JJR 39033 899 22 springs spring NNS 39033 899 23 . . . 39033 900 1 One one CD 39033 900 2 form form NN 39033 900 3 of of IN 39033 900 4 this this DT 39033 900 5 packing packing NN 39033 900 6 ( ( -LRB- 39033 900 7 Lancaster Lancaster NNP 39033 900 8 's 's POS 39033 900 9 ) ) -RRB- 39033 900 10 is be VBZ 39033 900 11 shown show VBN 39033 900 12 in in IN 39033 900 13 fig fig NN 39033 900 14 . . . 39033 901 1 49 49 CD 39033 901 2 . . . 39033 902 1 Here here RB 39033 902 2 one one CD 39033 902 3 spring spring NN 39033 902 4 only only RB 39033 902 5 is be VBZ 39033 902 6 used use VBN 39033 902 7 , , , 39033 902 8 and and CC 39033 902 9 it -PRON- PRP 39033 902 10 is be VBZ 39033 902 11 first first RB 39033 902 12 made make VBN 39033 902 13 a a DT 39033 902 14 straight straight JJ 39033 902 15 spiral spiral JJ 39033 902 16 spring spring NN 39033 902 17 , , , 39033 902 18 and and CC 39033 902 19 then then RB 39033 902 20 bent bent JJ 39033 902 21 round round RB 39033 902 22 and and CC 39033 902 23 its -PRON- PRP$ 39033 902 24 ends end NNS 39033 902 25 united united JJ 39033 902 26 . . . 39033 903 1 The the DT 39033 903 2 action action NN 39033 903 3 of of IN 39033 903 4 the the DT 39033 903 5 spring spring NN 39033 903 6 will will MD 39033 903 7 be be VB 39033 903 8 clearly clearly RB 39033 903 9 understood understand VBN 39033 903 10 from from IN 39033 903 11 the the DT 39033 903 12 illustration illustration NN 39033 903 13 . . . 39033 904 1 For for IN 39033 904 2 the the DT 39033 904 3 purpose purpose NN 39033 904 4 of of IN 39033 904 5 admitting admit VBG 39033 904 6 the the DT 39033 904 7 packing packing NN 39033 904 8 rings ring NNS 39033 904 9 the the DT 39033 904 10 piston piston NN 39033 904 11 is be VBZ 39033 904 12 divided divide VBN 39033 904 13 into into IN 39033 904 14 two two CD 39033 904 15 parts part NNS 39033 904 16 , , , 39033 904 17 one one CD 39033 904 18 the the DT 39033 904 19 piston piston NN 39033 904 20 proper proper JJ 39033 904 21 , , , 39033 904 22 and and CC 39033 904 23 the the DT 39033 904 24 other other JJ 39033 904 25 the the DT 39033 904 26 _ _ NNP 39033 904 27 junk junk NN 39033 904 28 ring ring NN 39033 904 29 _ _ NNP 39033 904 30 . . . 39033 905 1 In in IN 39033 905 2 fig fig NN 39033 905 3 . . . 39033 906 1 49 49 CD 39033 906 2 , , , 39033 906 3 A a DT 39033 906 4 is be VBZ 39033 906 5 the the DT 39033 906 6 junk junk NN 39033 906 7 ring ring NN 39033 906 8 , , , 39033 906 9 which which WDT 39033 906 10 is be VBZ 39033 906 11 secured secure VBN 39033 906 12 to to IN 39033 906 13 the the DT 39033 906 14 piston piston NN 39033 906 15 by by IN 39033 906 16 means mean NNS 39033 906 17 of of IN 39033 906 18 bolts bolt NNS 39033 906 19 as as IN 39033 906 20 shown show VBN 39033 906 21 . . . 39033 907 1 [ [ -LRB- 39033 907 2 Illustration illustration NN 39033 907 3 : : : 39033 907 4 FIG FIG NNP 39033 907 5 . . . 39033 908 1 49 49 CD 39033 908 2 . . . 39033 908 3 ] ] -RRB- 39033 909 1 EXERCISE EXERCISE NNP 39033 909 2 49 49 CD 39033 909 3 : : : 39033 909 4 _ _ NNP 39033 909 5 Marine Marine NNP 39033 909 6 Engine Engine NNP 39033 909 7 Piston._--The Piston._--The NNP 39033 909 8 piston piston NN 39033 909 9 illustrated illustrate VBN 39033 909 10 by by IN 39033 909 11 fig fig NN 39033 909 12 . . . 39033 910 1 49 49 CD 39033 910 2 is be VBZ 39033 910 3 for for IN 39033 910 4 the the DT 39033 910 5 high high JJ 39033 910 6 - - HYPH 39033 910 7 pressure pressure NN 39033 910 8 cylinder cylinder NN 39033 910 9 of of IN 39033 910 10 a a DT 39033 910 11 marine marine JJ 39033 910 12 engine engine NN 39033 910 13 . . . 39033 911 1 The the DT 39033 911 2 piston piston NN 39033 911 3 , , , 39033 911 4 junk junk NN 39033 911 5 ring ring NN 39033 911 6 , , , 39033 911 7 and and CC 39033 911 8 packing pack VBG 39033 911 9 rings ring NNS 39033 911 10 are be VBP 39033 911 11 of of IN 39033 911 12 cast cast NN 39033 911 13 iron iron NN 39033 911 14 . . . 39033 912 1 The the DT 39033 912 2 piston piston NN 39033 912 3 rod rod NN 39033 912 4 and and CC 39033 912 5 nut nut NN 39033 912 6 are be VBP 39033 912 7 of of IN 39033 912 8 wrought wrought JJ 39033 912 9 iron iron NN 39033 912 10 , , , 39033 912 11 so so RB 39033 912 12 also also RB 39033 912 13 are be VBP 39033 912 14 the the DT 39033 912 15 junk junk NN 39033 912 16 ring ring NN 39033 912 17 bolts bolt NNS 39033 912 18 . . . 39033 913 1 The the DT 39033 913 2 nuts nut NNS 39033 913 3 for for IN 39033 913 4 the the DT 39033 913 5 latter latter JJ 39033 913 6 are be VBP 39033 913 7 of of IN 39033 913 8 brass brass NN 39033 913 9 . . . 39033 914 1 The the DT 39033 914 2 spiral spiral JJ 39033 914 3 spring spring NN 39033 914 4 is be VBZ 39033 914 5 made make VBN 39033 914 6 from from IN 39033 914 7 steel steel NN 39033 914 8 wire wire NN 39033 914 9 3/8 3/8 CD 39033 914 10 inch inch NN 39033 914 11 diameter diameter NN 39033 914 12 . . . 39033 915 1 An an DT 39033 915 2 enlarged enlarged JJ 39033 915 3 section section NN 39033 915 4 of of IN 39033 915 5 one one CD 39033 915 6 of of IN 39033 915 7 the the DT 39033 915 8 packing packing NN 39033 915 9 rings ring NNS 39033 915 10 is be VBZ 39033 915 11 shown show VBN 39033 915 12 at at IN 39033 915 13 ( ( -LRB- 39033 915 14 _ _ NNP 39033 915 15 a a DT 39033 915 16 _ _ NNP 39033 915 17 ) ) -RRB- 39033 915 18 . . . 39033 916 1 A a DT 39033 916 2 front front JJ 39033 916 3 elevation elevation NN 39033 916 4 of of IN 39033 916 5 the the DT 39033 916 6 locking locking NN 39033 916 7 arrangement arrangement NN 39033 916 8 for for IN 39033 916 9 the the DT 39033 916 10 piston piston NNP 39033 916 11 rod rod NNP 39033 916 12 nut nut NNP 39033 916 13 is be VBZ 39033 916 14 shown show VBN 39033 916 15 at at IN 39033 916 16 ( ( -LRB- 39033 916 17 _ _ NNP 39033 916 18 b b NNP 39033 916 19 _ _ NNP 39033 916 20 ) ) -RRB- 39033 916 21 . . . 39033 917 1 A a DT 39033 917 2 sectional sectional JJ 39033 917 3 plan plan NN 39033 917 4 of of IN 39033 917 5 one one CD 39033 917 6 of of IN 39033 917 7 the the DT 39033 917 8 nuts nut NNS 39033 917 9 for for IN 39033 917 10 the the DT 39033 917 11 junk junk NN 39033 917 12 ring ring NN 39033 917 13 bolts bolt NNS 39033 917 14 is be VBZ 39033 917 15 shown show VBN 39033 917 16 at at IN 39033 917 17 ( ( -LRB- 39033 917 18 _ _ NNP 39033 917 19 c c NNP 39033 917 20 _ _ NNP 39033 917 21 ) ) -RRB- 39033 917 22 . . . 39033 918 1 First first RB 39033 918 2 draw draw VB 39033 918 3 the the DT 39033 918 4 vertical vertical JJ 39033 918 5 section section NN 39033 918 6 of of IN 39033 918 7 this this DT 39033 918 8 piston piston NN 39033 918 9 , , , 39033 918 10 next next JJ 39033 918 11 draw draw VB 39033 918 12 a a DT 39033 918 13 plan plan NN 39033 918 14 , , , 39033 918 15 one one CD 39033 918 16 - - HYPH 39033 918 17 third third NN 39033 918 18 of of IN 39033 918 19 which which WDT 39033 918 20 is be VBZ 39033 918 21 to to TO 39033 918 22 show show VB 39033 918 23 the the DT 39033 918 24 piston piston NN 39033 918 25 complete complete JJ 39033 918 26 , , , 39033 918 27 one one CD 39033 918 28 - - HYPH 39033 918 29 third third NN 39033 918 30 to to TO 39033 918 31 show show VB 39033 918 32 the the DT 39033 918 33 junk junk NN 39033 918 34 ring ring NN 39033 918 35 removed remove VBN 39033 918 36 , , , 39033 918 37 and and CC 39033 918 38 the the DT 39033 918 39 remaining remaining JJ 39033 918 40 third third NN 39033 918 41 to to TO 39033 918 42 be be VB 39033 918 43 a a DT 39033 918 44 horizontal horizontal JJ 39033 918 45 section section NN 39033 918 46 through through IN 39033 918 47 between between IN 39033 918 48 the the DT 39033 918 49 packing packing NN 39033 918 50 rings ring NNS 39033 918 51 . . . 39033 919 1 The the DT 39033 919 2 details detail NNS 39033 919 3 ( ( -LRB- 39033 919 4 _ _ NNP 39033 919 5 a a DT 39033 919 6 _ _ NNP 39033 919 7 ) ) -RRB- 39033 919 8 and and CC 39033 919 9 ( ( -LRB- 39033 919 10 _ _ NNP 39033 919 11 c c NNP 39033 919 12 _ _ NNP 39033 919 13 ) ) -RRB- 39033 919 14 need nee MD 39033 919 15 not not RB 39033 919 16 be be VB 39033 919 17 drawn draw VBN 39033 919 18 separately separately RB 39033 919 19 . . . 39033 920 1 Scale scale NN 39033 920 2 3 3 CD 39033 920 3 inches inch NNS 39033 920 4 to to IN 39033 920 5 a a DT 39033 920 6 foot foot NN 39033 920 7 . . . 39033 921 1 _ _ NNP 39033 921 2 Proportions Proportions NNP 39033 921 3 of of IN 39033 921 4 Marine Marine NNP 39033 921 5 Engine Engine NNP 39033 921 6 Pistons._--Mr pistons._--mr NN 39033 921 7 . . . 39033 921 8 Seaton Seaton NNP 39033 921 9 , , , 39033 921 10 in in IN 39033 921 11 his -PRON- PRP$ 39033 921 12 ' ' `` 39033 921 13 Manual Manual NNP 39033 921 14 of of IN 39033 921 15 Marine Marine NNP 39033 921 16 Engineering Engineering NNP 39033 921 17 , , , 39033 921 18 ' ' '' 39033 921 19 gives give VBZ 39033 921 20 the the DT 39033 921 21 following follow VBG 39033 921 22 rules rule NNS 39033 921 23 for for IN 39033 921 24 designing design VBG 39033 921 25 marine marine JJ 39033 921 26 engine engine NN 39033 921 27 pistons:-- pistons:-- NN 39033 921 28 D d NN 39033 921 29 = = SYM 39033 921 30 diameter diameter NN 39033 921 31 of of IN 39033 921 32 piston piston NN 39033 921 33 in in IN 39033 921 34 inches inch NNS 39033 921 35 . . . 39033 922 1 _ _ NNP 39033 922 2 p p NNP 39033 922 3 _ _ NNP 39033 922 4 = = SYM 39033 922 5 effective effective JJ 39033 922 6 pressure pressure NN 39033 922 7 in in IN 39033 922 8 lbs lbs NN 39033 922 9 . . . 39033 923 1 per per IN 39033 923 2 square square JJ 39033 923 3 inch inch NN 39033 923 4 . . . 39033 924 1 _ _ NNP 39033 924 2 x x NNP 39033 924 3 _ _ NNP 39033 924 4 = = SYM 39033 924 5 D/50 d/50 ADD 39033 924 6 × × UH 39033 924 7 [ [ -LRB- 39033 924 8 sqrt sqrt NN 39033 924 9 ( ( -LRB- 39033 924 10 _ _ NNP 39033 924 11 p p NNP 39033 924 12 _ _ NNP 39033 924 13 ) ) -RRB- 39033 924 14 ] ] -RRB- 39033 924 15 + + CC 39033 924 16 1 1 CD 39033 924 17 . . . 39033 925 1 Thickness thickness NN 39033 925 2 of of IN 39033 925 3 front front NN 39033 925 4 of of IN 39033 925 5 piston piston NN 39033 925 6 near near IN 39033 925 7 boss boss NN 39033 925 8 0.2 0.2 CD 39033 925 9 × × NNS 39033 925 10 _ _ NNP 39033 925 11 x x NNP 39033 925 12 _ _ NNP 39033 925 13 . . . 39033 925 14 " " '' 39033 926 1 " " `` 39033 926 2 " " `` 39033 926 3 rim rim NN 39033 926 4 0.17 0.17 CD 39033 926 5 × × NNS 39033 926 6 _ _ NNP 39033 926 7 x x NNP 39033 926 8 _ _ NNP 39033 926 9 . . . 39033 926 10 " " '' 39033 927 1 back back RB 39033 927 2 of of IN 39033 927 3 piston piston NNP 39033 927 4 0.18 0.18 CD 39033 927 5 × × NNS 39033 927 6 _ _ NNP 39033 927 7 x x NNP 39033 927 8 _ _ NNP 39033 927 9 . . . 39033 927 10 " " '' 39033 928 1 boss boss NNP 39033 928 2 around around IN 39033 928 3 rod rod NNP 39033 928 4 0.3 0.3 CD 39033 928 5 × × NNS 39033 928 6 _ _ NNP 39033 928 7 x x NNP 39033 928 8 _ _ NNP 39033 928 9 . . . 39033 928 10 " " '' 39033 929 1 flange flange VB 39033 929 2 inside inside JJ 39033 929 3 packing pack VBG 39033 929 4 ring ring NN 39033 929 5 0.23 0.23 CD 39033 929 6 × × NNS 39033 929 7 _ _ NNP 39033 929 8 x x NNP 39033 929 9 _ _ NNP 39033 929 10 . . . 39033 929 11 " " '' 39033 930 1 " " `` 39033 930 2 at at IN 39033 930 3 edge edge NN 39033 930 4 0.25 0.25 CD 39033 930 5 × × NNS 39033 930 6 _ _ NNP 39033 930 7 x x NNP 39033 930 8 _ _ NNP 39033 930 9 . . . 39033 930 10 " " '' 39033 931 1 junk junk NN 39033 931 2 ring ring NN 39033 931 3 at at IN 39033 931 4 edge edge NN 39033 931 5 0.23 0.23 CD 39033 931 6 × × NNS 39033 931 7 _ _ NNP 39033 931 8 x x NNP 39033 931 9 _ _ NNP 39033 931 10 . . . 39033 931 11 " " '' 39033 932 1 " " `` 39033 932 2 inside inside JJ 39033 932 3 packing packing NN 39033 932 4 ring ring NN 39033 932 5 . . . 39033 933 1 0.21 0.21 CD 39033 933 2 × × NNS 39033 933 3 _ _ NNP 39033 933 4 x x NNP 39033 933 5 _ _ NNP 39033 933 6 . . . 39033 933 7 " " '' 39033 934 1 " " `` 39033 934 2 at at IN 39033 934 3 bolt bolt NN 39033 934 4 - - HYPH 39033 934 5 holes hole NNS 39033 934 6 0.35 0.35 CD 39033 934 7 × × NNS 39033 934 8 _ _ NNP 39033 934 9 x x NNP 39033 934 10 _ _ NNP 39033 934 11 . . . 39033 934 12 " " '' 39033 935 1 metal metal NNP 39033 935 2 around around IN 39033 935 3 piston piston NNP 39033 935 4 edge edge NN 39033 935 5 0.25 0.25 CD 39033 935 6 × × NNS 39033 935 7 _ _ NNP 39033 935 8 x x NNP 39033 935 9 _ _ NNP 39033 935 10 . . . 39033 936 1 Breadth breadth NN 39033 936 2 of of IN 39033 936 3 packing pack VBG 39033 936 4 ring ring NN 39033 936 5 0.63 0.63 CD 39033 936 6 × × NNS 39033 936 7 _ _ NNP 39033 936 8 x x NNP 39033 936 9 _ _ NNP 39033 936 10 . . . 39033 937 1 Depth depth NN 39033 937 2 of of IN 39033 937 3 piston piston NN 39033 937 4 at at IN 39033 937 5 centre centre NN 39033 937 6 1.4 1.4 CD 39033 937 7 × × NNS 39033 937 8 _ _ NNP 39033 937 9 x x NNP 39033 937 10 _ _ NNP 39033 937 11 . . . 39033 938 1 Lap lap NN 39033 938 2 of of IN 39033 938 3 junk junk NN 39033 938 4 ring ring NN 39033 938 5 on on IN 39033 938 6 piston piston NNP 39033 938 7 0.45 0.45 CD 39033 938 8 × × NNS 39033 938 9 _ _ NNP 39033 938 10 x x NNP 39033 938 11 _ _ NNP 39033 938 12 . . . 39033 939 1 Space space NN 39033 939 2 between between IN 39033 939 3 piston piston NN 39033 939 4 body body NN 39033 939 5 and and CC 39033 939 6 packing pack VBG 39033 939 7 ring ring NN 39033 939 8 0.3 0.3 CD 39033 939 9 × × NNS 39033 939 10 _ _ NNP 39033 939 11 x x NNP 39033 939 12 _ _ NNP 39033 939 13 . . . 39033 940 1 Diameter diameter NN 39033 940 2 of of IN 39033 940 3 junk junk NN 39033 940 4 - - HYPH 39033 940 5 ring ring NN 39033 940 6 bolts bolt NNS 39033 940 7 0.1 0.1 CD 39033 940 8 × × NNS 39033 940 9 _ _ NNP 39033 940 10 x x NNP 39033 940 11 _ _ NNP 39033 940 12 + + SYM 39033 940 13 .25 .25 . 39033 940 14 inch inch NN 39033 940 15 . . . 39033 941 1 Pitch pitch NN 39033 941 2 of of IN 39033 941 3 junk junk NN 39033 941 4 - - HYPH 39033 941 5 ring ring NN 39033 941 6 bolts bolt NNS 39033 941 7 10 10 CD 39033 941 8 diameters diameter NNS 39033 941 9 . . . 39033 942 1 Number number NN 39033 942 2 of of IN 39033 942 3 webs webs NN 39033 942 4 in in IN 39033 942 5 piston piston NN 39033 942 6 ( ( -LRB- 39033 942 7 D d NN 39033 942 8 + + SYM 39033 942 9 20)/12 20)/12 CD 39033 942 10 . . . 39033 943 1 Thickness thickness NN 39033 943 2 " " '' 39033 943 3 0.18 0.18 CD 39033 943 4 × × NNS 39033 943 5 _ _ NNP 39033 943 6 x x NNP 39033 943 7 _ _ NNP 39033 943 8 . . . 39033 944 1 EXERCISE EXERCISE NNP 39033 944 2 50 50 CD 39033 944 3 : : : 39033 944 4 _ _ NNP 39033 944 5 Design Design NNP 39033 944 6 for for IN 39033 944 7 Marine Marine NNP 39033 944 8 Engine Engine NNP 39033 944 9 Piston._--Calculate Piston._--Calculate NNP 39033 944 10 by by IN 39033 944 11 Seaton Seaton NNP 39033 944 12 's 's POS 39033 944 13 rules rule NNS 39033 944 14 the the DT 39033 944 15 dimensions dimension NNS 39033 944 16 for for IN 39033 944 17 a a DT 39033 944 18 marine marine JJ 39033 944 19 engine engine NN 39033 944 20 piston piston NN 39033 944 21 40 40 CD 39033 944 22 inches inch NNS 39033 944 23 in in IN 39033 944 24 diameter diameter NN 39033 944 25 , , , 39033 944 26 and and CC 39033 944 27 subjected subject VBN 39033 944 28 to to IN 39033 944 29 an an DT 39033 944 30 effective effective JJ 39033 944 31 pressure pressure NN 39033 944 32 of of IN 39033 944 33 36 36 CD 39033 944 34 lbs lbs NN 39033 944 35 . . . 39033 945 1 per per IN 39033 945 2 square square JJ 39033 945 3 inch inch NN 39033 945 4 . . . 39033 946 1 Then then RB 39033 946 2 make make VB 39033 946 3 the the DT 39033 946 4 necessary necessary JJ 39033 946 5 working work VBG 39033 946 6 drawings drawing NNS 39033 946 7 for for IN 39033 946 8 this this DT 39033 946 9 piston piston NN 39033 946 10 to to IN 39033 946 11 a a DT 39033 946 12 scale scale NN 39033 946 13 of of IN 39033 946 14 , , , 39033 946 15 say say UH 39033 946 16 , , , 39033 946 17 3 3 CD 39033 946 18 inches inch NNS 39033 946 19 to to IN 39033 946 20 a a DT 39033 946 21 foot foot NN 39033 946 22 . . . 39033 947 1 _ _ NNP 39033 947 2 Note._--Take Note._--Take NNP 39033 947 3 the the DT 39033 947 4 dimensions dimension NNS 39033 947 5 got get VBN 39033 947 6 by by IN 39033 947 7 calculation calculation NN 39033 947 8 to to IN 39033 947 9 the the DT 39033 947 10 nearest near JJS 39033 947 11 1 1 CD 39033 947 12 - - HYPH 39033 947 13 16th 16th NN 39033 947 14 of of IN 39033 947 15 an an DT 39033 947 16 inch inch NN 39033 947 17 . . . 39033 948 1 XV XV NNP 39033 948 2 . . . 39033 949 1 STUFFING stuffing NN 39033 949 2 - - HYPH 39033 949 3 BOXES BOXES NNP 39033 949 4 . . . 39033 950 1 [ [ -LRB- 39033 950 2 Illustration illustration NN 39033 950 3 : : : 39033 950 4 FIG FIG NNP 39033 950 5 . . . 39033 951 1 50 50 CD 39033 951 2 . . . 39033 951 3 ] ] -RRB- 39033 952 1 In in IN 39033 952 2 fig fig NN 39033 952 3 . . . 39033 953 1 50 50 CD 39033 953 2 is be VBZ 39033 953 3 shown show VBN 39033 953 4 a a DT 39033 953 5 gland gland NN 39033 953 6 and and CC 39033 953 7 stuffing stuffing NN 39033 953 8 - - HYPH 39033 953 9 box box NN 39033 953 10 for for IN 39033 953 11 the the DT 39033 953 12 piston piston NN 39033 953 13 rod rod NN 39033 953 14 of of IN 39033 953 15 a a DT 39033 953 16 vertical vertical JJ 39033 953 17 engine engine NN 39033 953 18 . . . 39033 954 1 A a DT 39033 954 2 B b NN 39033 954 3 is be VBZ 39033 954 4 the the DT 39033 954 5 piston piston NN 39033 954 6 rod rod NN 39033 954 7 , , , 39033 954 8 C C NNP 39033 954 9 D d NN 39033 954 10 a a DT 39033 954 11 portion portion NN 39033 954 12 of of IN 39033 954 13 the the DT 39033 954 14 cylinder cylinder NN 39033 954 15 cover cover NN 39033 954 16 , , , 39033 954 17 and and CC 39033 954 18 E E NNP 39033 954 19 F F NNP 39033 954 20 the the DT 39033 954 21 _ _ NNP 39033 954 22 stuffing stuffing NN 39033 954 23 - - HYPH 39033 954 24 box box NN 39033 954 25 _ _ NNP 39033 954 26 . . . 39033 955 1 Fitting fit VBG 39033 955 2 into into IN 39033 955 3 the the DT 39033 955 4 bottom bottom NN 39033 955 5 of of IN 39033 955 6 the the DT 39033 955 7 stuffing stuffing NN 39033 955 8 - - HYPH 39033 955 9 box box NN 39033 955 10 is be VBZ 39033 955 11 a a DT 39033 955 12 brass brass NN 39033 955 13 bush bush NNP 39033 955 14 H. H. NNP 39033 955 15 The the DT 39033 955 16 space space NN 39033 955 17 K k NN 39033 955 18 around around IN 39033 955 19 the the DT 39033 955 20 rod rod NN 39033 955 21 A A NNP 39033 955 22 B B NNP 39033 955 23 is be VBZ 39033 955 24 filled fill VBN 39033 955 25 with with IN 39033 955 26 _ _ NNP 39033 955 27 packing pack VBG 39033 955 28 _ _ NNP 39033 955 29 , , , 39033 955 30 of of IN 39033 955 31 which which WDT 39033 955 32 there there EX 39033 955 33 is be VBZ 39033 955 34 a a DT 39033 955 35 variety variety NN 39033 955 36 of of IN 39033 955 37 kinds kind NNS 39033 955 38 , , , 39033 955 39 the the DT 39033 955 40 simplest simple JJS 39033 955 41 being be VBG 39033 955 42 greased grease VBN 39033 955 43 hempen hempen NNP 39033 955 44 rope rope NN 39033 955 45 . . . 39033 956 1 The the DT 39033 956 2 packing packing NN 39033 956 3 is be VBZ 39033 956 4 compressed compress VBN 39033 956 5 by by IN 39033 956 6 screwing screw VBG 39033 956 7 down down RP 39033 956 8 the the DT 39033 956 9 cast cast VBN 39033 956 10 - - HYPH 39033 956 11 iron iron NN 39033 956 12 gland gland NN 39033 956 13 L L NNP 39033 956 14 M M NNP 39033 956 15 , , , 39033 956 16 which which WDT 39033 956 17 is be VBZ 39033 956 18 lined line VBN 39033 956 19 with with IN 39033 956 20 a a DT 39033 956 21 brass brass NN 39033 956 22 bush bush NNP 39033 956 23 N. N. NNP 39033 956 24 In In NNP 39033 956 25 this this DT 39033 956 26 case case NN 39033 956 27 the the DT 39033 956 28 gland gland NN 39033 956 29 is be VBZ 39033 956 30 screwed screw VBN 39033 956 31 down down RP 39033 956 32 by by IN 39033 956 33 means mean NNS 39033 956 34 of of IN 39033 956 35 three three CD 39033 956 36 stud stud NN 39033 956 37 - - HYPH 39033 956 38 bolts bolt NNS 39033 956 39 P P NNP 39033 956 40 , , , 39033 956 41 which which WDT 39033 956 42 are be VBP 39033 956 43 screwed screw VBN 39033 956 44 into into IN 39033 956 45 a a DT 39033 956 46 flange flange JJ 39033 956 47 cast cast NN 39033 956 48 on on IN 39033 956 49 the the DT 39033 956 50 stuffing stuffing NN 39033 956 51 - - HYPH 39033 956 52 box box NN 39033 956 53 . . . 39033 957 1 Surrounding surround VBG 39033 957 2 the the DT 39033 957 3 rod rod NN 39033 957 4 on on IN 39033 957 5 the the DT 39033 957 6 top top NN 39033 957 7 of of IN 39033 957 8 the the DT 39033 957 9 gland gland NN 39033 957 10 there there EX 39033 957 11 is be VBZ 39033 957 12 a a DT 39033 957 13 recess recess NN 39033 957 14 R r NN 39033 957 15 for for IN 39033 957 16 holding hold VBG 39033 957 17 the the DT 39033 957 18 lubricant lubricant NN 39033 957 19 . . . 39033 958 1 [ [ -LRB- 39033 958 2 Illustration illustration NN 39033 958 3 : : : 39033 958 4 FIG FIG NNP 39033 958 5 . . . 39033 959 1 51 51 CD 39033 959 2 . . . 39033 959 3 ] ] -RRB- 39033 960 1 [ [ -LRB- 39033 960 2 Illustration illustration NN 39033 960 3 : : : 39033 960 4 FIG FIG NNP 39033 960 5 . . . 39033 961 1 52 52 CD 39033 961 2 . . . 39033 961 3 ] ] -RRB- 39033 962 1 The the DT 39033 962 2 object object NN 39033 962 3 of of IN 39033 962 4 the the DT 39033 962 5 gland gland NN 39033 962 6 and and CC 39033 962 7 stuffing stuffing NN 39033 962 8 - - HYPH 39033 962 9 box box NN 39033 962 10 is be VBZ 39033 962 11 to to TO 39033 962 12 allow allow VB 39033 962 13 the the DT 39033 962 14 piston piston NN 39033 962 15 rod rod NN 39033 962 16 to to TO 39033 962 17 move move VB 39033 962 18 backwards backwards RB 39033 962 19 and and CC 39033 962 20 forwards forwards VB 39033 962 21 freely freely RB 39033 962 22 without without IN 39033 962 23 any any DT 39033 962 24 leakage leakage NN 39033 962 25 of of IN 39033 962 26 steam steam NN 39033 962 27 . . . 39033 963 1 Fig fig NN 39033 963 2 . . . 39033 964 1 51 51 CD 39033 964 2 shows show VBZ 39033 964 3 a a DT 39033 964 4 gland gland NN 39033 964 5 and and CC 39033 964 6 stuffing stuffing NN 39033 964 7 - - HYPH 39033 964 8 box box NN 39033 964 9 for for IN 39033 964 10 a a DT 39033 964 11 horizontal horizontal JJ 39033 964 12 rod rod NN 39033 964 13 . . . 39033 965 1 The the DT 39033 965 2 essential essential JJ 39033 965 3 difference difference NN 39033 965 4 between between IN 39033 965 5 this this DT 39033 965 6 example example NN 39033 965 7 and and CC 39033 965 8 the the DT 39033 965 9 last last JJ 39033 965 10 is be VBZ 39033 965 11 in in IN 39033 965 12 the the DT 39033 965 13 mode mode NN 39033 965 14 of of IN 39033 965 15 lubrication lubrication NN 39033 965 16 . . . 39033 966 1 The the DT 39033 966 2 gland gland NN 39033 966 3 flange flange NN 39033 966 4 has have VBZ 39033 966 5 cast cast VBN 39033 966 6 within within IN 39033 966 7 it -PRON- PRP 39033 966 8 an an DT 39033 966 9 oil oil NN 39033 966 10 - - HYPH 39033 966 11 box box NN 39033 966 12 which which WDT 39033 966 13 is be VBZ 39033 966 14 covered cover VBN 39033 966 15 by by IN 39033 966 16 a a DT 39033 966 17 lid lid NN 39033 966 18 ; ; : 39033 966 19 this this DT 39033 966 20 lid lid NN 39033 966 21 is be VBZ 39033 966 22 kept keep VBN 39033 966 23 shut shut VBN 39033 966 24 or or CC 39033 966 25 open open JJ 39033 966 26 by by IN 39033 966 27 the the DT 39033 966 28 action action NN 39033 966 29 of of IN 39033 966 30 a a DT 39033 966 31 small small JJ 39033 966 32 spring spring NN 39033 966 33 as as IN 39033 966 34 shown show VBN 39033 966 35 . . . 39033 967 1 A a DT 39033 967 2 piece piece NN 39033 967 3 of of IN 39033 967 4 cotton cotton NN 39033 967 5 wick wick NN 39033 967 6 ( ( -LRB- 39033 967 7 not not RB 39033 967 8 shown show VBN 39033 967 9 in in IN 39033 967 10 the the DT 39033 967 11 figure figure NN 39033 967 12 ) ) -RRB- 39033 967 13 has have VBZ 39033 967 14 one one CD 39033 967 15 end end NN 39033 967 16 trailing trail VBG 39033 967 17 in in IN 39033 967 18 the the DT 39033 967 19 oil oil NN 39033 967 20 in in IN 39033 967 21 the the DT 39033 967 22 oil oil NN 39033 967 23 - - HYPH 39033 967 24 box box NN 39033 967 25 , , , 39033 967 26 while while IN 39033 967 27 the the DT 39033 967 28 other other JJ 39033 967 29 is be VBZ 39033 967 30 carried carry VBN 39033 967 31 over over RB 39033 967 32 and and CC 39033 967 33 passed pass VBD 39033 967 34 down down RP 39033 967 35 the the DT 39033 967 36 hole hole NN 39033 967 37 A a NN 39033 967 38 B. b. NN 39033 968 1 The the DT 39033 968 2 wick wick NN 39033 968 3 acts act VBZ 39033 968 4 as as IN 39033 968 5 a a DT 39033 968 6 siphon siphon NN 39033 968 7 , , , 39033 968 8 and and CC 39033 968 9 drops drop VBZ 39033 968 10 the the DT 39033 968 11 oil oil NN 39033 968 12 gradually gradually RB 39033 968 13 on on IN 39033 968 14 to to IN 39033 968 15 the the DT 39033 968 16 rod rod NN 39033 968 17 . . . 39033 969 1 In in IN 39033 969 2 this this DT 39033 969 3 example example NN 39033 969 4 only only RB 39033 969 5 two two CD 39033 969 6 bolts bolt NNS 39033 969 7 are be VBP 39033 969 8 used use VBN 39033 969 9 for for IN 39033 969 10 screwing screw VBG 39033 969 11 in in IN 39033 969 12 the the DT 39033 969 13 gland gland NN 39033 969 14 ; ; : 39033 969 15 and and CC 39033 969 16 the the DT 39033 969 17 flanges flange NNS 39033 969 18 of of IN 39033 969 19 the the DT 39033 969 20 gland gland NN 39033 969 21 and and CC 39033 969 22 stuffing stuffing NN 39033 969 23 - - HYPH 39033 969 24 box box NN 39033 969 25 are be VBP 39033 969 26 not not RB 39033 969 27 circular circular JJ 39033 969 28 , , , 39033 969 29 but but CC 39033 969 30 oval oval NN 39033 969 31 - - HYPH 39033 969 32 shaped shaped JJ 39033 969 33 . . . 39033 970 1 In in IN 39033 970 2 the the DT 39033 970 3 case case NN 39033 970 4 of of IN 39033 970 5 small small JJ 39033 970 6 rods rod NNS 39033 970 7 the the DT 39033 970 8 gland gland NN 39033 970 9 is be VBZ 39033 970 10 made make VBN 39033 970 11 entirely entirely RB 39033 970 12 of of IN 39033 970 13 brass brass NN 39033 970 14 , , , 39033 970 15 and and CC 39033 970 16 no no DT 39033 970 17 liner liner NN 39033 970 18 is be VBZ 39033 970 19 then then RB 39033 970 20 necessary necessary JJ 39033 970 21 . . . 39033 971 1 Fig fig NN 39033 971 2 . . . 39033 972 1 52 52 CD 39033 972 2 shows show VBZ 39033 972 3 a a DT 39033 972 4 form form NN 39033 972 5 of of IN 39033 972 6 gland gland NN 39033 972 7 and and CC 39033 972 8 stuffing stuffing NN 39033 972 9 - - HYPH 39033 972 10 box box NN 39033 972 11 sometimes sometimes RB 39033 972 12 used use VBN 39033 972 13 for for IN 39033 972 14 small small JJ 39033 972 15 rods rod NNS 39033 972 16 . . . 39033 973 1 The the DT 39033 973 2 stuffing stuffing NN 39033 973 3 - - HYPH 39033 973 4 box box NN 39033 973 5 is be VBZ 39033 973 6 screwed screw VBN 39033 973 7 externally externally RB 39033 973 8 , , , 39033 973 9 and and CC 39033 973 10 carries carry VBZ 39033 973 11 a a DT 39033 973 12 nut nut NN 39033 973 13 A a DT 39033 973 14 B b NN 39033 973 15 which which WDT 39033 973 16 moves move VBZ 39033 973 17 the the DT 39033 973 18 gland gland NN 39033 973 19 . . . 39033 974 1 EXERCISE EXERCISE NNP 39033 974 2 51 51 CD 39033 974 3 : : : 39033 974 4 _ _ NNP 39033 974 5 Gland Gland NNP 39033 974 6 and and CC 39033 974 7 Stuffing Stuffing NNP 39033 974 8 - - HYPH 39033 974 9 box box NN 39033 974 10 for for IN 39033 974 11 a a DT 39033 974 12 Vertical vertical JJ 39033 974 13 Rod._--Draw rod._--draw NN 39033 974 14 the the DT 39033 974 15 views view NNS 39033 974 16 shown show VBN 39033 974 17 in in IN 39033 974 18 fig fig NN 39033 974 19 . . . 39033 975 1 50 50 CD 39033 975 2 to to IN 39033 975 3 the the DT 39033 975 4 dimensions dimension NNS 39033 975 5 given give VBN 39033 975 6 . . . 39033 976 1 Scale scale NN 39033 976 2 6 6 CD 39033 976 3 inches inch NNS 39033 976 4 to to IN 39033 976 5 a a DT 39033 976 6 foot foot NN 39033 976 7 . . . 39033 977 1 EXERCISE EXERCISE NNP 39033 977 2 52 52 CD 39033 977 3 : : : 39033 977 4 _ _ NNP 39033 977 5 Gland Gland NNP 39033 977 6 and and CC 39033 977 7 Stuffing Stuffing NNP 39033 977 8 - - HYPH 39033 977 9 box box NN 39033 977 10 for for IN 39033 977 11 a a DT 39033 977 12 Horizontal Horizontal NNP 39033 977 13 Rod._--Fig rod._--fig NN 39033 977 14 . . . 39033 978 1 51 51 CD 39033 978 2 shows show VBZ 39033 978 3 a a DT 39033 978 4 plan plan NN 39033 978 5 , , , 39033 978 6 half half NN 39033 978 7 in in IN 39033 978 8 section section NN 39033 978 9 , , , 39033 978 10 and and CC 39033 978 11 an an DT 39033 978 12 elevation elevation NN 39033 978 13 half half NN 39033 978 14 of of IN 39033 978 15 which which WDT 39033 978 16 is be VBZ 39033 978 17 a a DT 39033 978 18 section section NN 39033 978 19 through through IN 39033 978 20 the the DT 39033 978 21 gland gland NNP 39033 978 22 flange flange NN 39033 978 23 . . . 39033 979 1 Draw draw VB 39033 979 2 these these DT 39033 979 3 to to IN 39033 979 4 a a DT 39033 979 5 scale scale NN 39033 979 6 of of IN 39033 979 7 6 6 CD 39033 979 8 inches inch NNS 39033 979 9 to to IN 39033 979 10 a a DT 39033 979 11 foot foot NN 39033 979 12 , , , 39033 979 13 using use VBG 39033 979 14 the the DT 39033 979 15 dimensions dimension NNS 39033 979 16 marked mark VBN 39033 979 17 in in IN 39033 979 18 the the DT 39033 979 19 figure figure NN 39033 979 20 . . . 39033 980 1 EXERCISE EXERCISE NNP 39033 980 2 53 53 CD 39033 980 3 : : : 39033 980 4 _ _ NNP 39033 980 5 Screwed Screwed NNP 39033 980 6 Gland Gland NNP 39033 980 7 and and CC 39033 980 8 Stuffing Stuffing NNP 39033 980 9 - - HYPH 39033 980 10 box._--Draw box._--Draw NNP 39033 980 11 , , , 39033 980 12 full full JJ 39033 980 13 size size NN 39033 980 14 , , , 39033 980 15 the the DT 39033 980 16 views view NNS 39033 980 17 shown show VBN 39033 980 18 in in IN 39033 980 19 fig fig NN 39033 980 20 . . . 39033 981 1 52 52 CD 39033 981 2 to to IN 39033 981 3 the the DT 39033 981 4 given give VBN 39033 981 5 dimensions dimension NNS 39033 981 6 . . . 39033 982 1 A a DT 39033 982 2 more more RBR 39033 982 3 elaborate elaborate JJ 39033 982 4 form form NN 39033 982 5 of of IN 39033 982 6 gland gland NN 39033 982 7 and and CC 39033 982 8 stuffing stuffing NN 39033 982 9 - - HYPH 39033 982 10 box box NN 39033 982 11 is be VBZ 39033 982 12 shown show VBN 39033 982 13 in in IN 39033 982 14 fig fig NN 39033 982 15 . . . 39033 983 1 53 53 CD 39033 983 2 . . . 39033 984 1 This this DT 39033 984 2 is be VBZ 39033 984 3 for for IN 39033 984 4 a a DT 39033 984 5 large large JJ 39033 984 6 marine marine JJ 39033 984 7 engine engine NN 39033 984 8 with with IN 39033 984 9 inverted inverted JJ 39033 984 10 cylinders cylinder NNS 39033 984 11 , , , 39033 984 12 such such JJ 39033 984 13 as as IN 39033 984 14 is be VBZ 39033 984 15 used use VBN 39033 984 16 on on IN 39033 984 17 board board NN 39033 984 18 large large JJ 39033 984 19 ocean ocean NN 39033 984 20 steamers steamer NNS 39033 984 21 . . . 39033 985 1 The the DT 39033 985 2 stuffing stuffing NN 39033 985 3 - - HYPH 39033 985 4 box box NN 39033 985 5 is be VBZ 39033 985 6 cast cast VBN 39033 985 7 separate separate JJ 39033 985 8 from from IN 39033 985 9 the the DT 39033 985 10 cylinder cylinder NN 39033 985 11 cover cover NN 39033 985 12 to to IN 39033 985 13 which which WDT 39033 985 14 it -PRON- PRP 39033 985 15 is be VBZ 39033 985 16 afterwards afterwards RB 39033 985 17 bolted bolt VBN 39033 985 18 . . . 39033 986 1 The the DT 39033 986 2 lubricant lubricant NN 39033 986 3 is be VBZ 39033 986 4 first first RB 39033 986 5 introduced introduce VBN 39033 986 6 to to IN 39033 986 7 the the DT 39033 986 8 oil oil NN 39033 986 9 - - HYPH 39033 986 10 boxes box NNS 39033 986 11 marked mark VBN 39033 986 12 A a DT 39033 986 13 , , , 39033 986 14 from from IN 39033 986 15 which which WDT 39033 986 16 it -PRON- PRP 39033 986 17 passes pass VBZ 39033 986 18 to to IN 39033 986 19 the the DT 39033 986 20 recess recess NN 39033 986 21 B B NNP 39033 986 22 , , , 39033 986 23 where where WRB 39033 986 24 it -PRON- PRP 39033 986 25 comes come VBZ 39033 986 26 in in IN 39033 986 27 contact contact NN 39033 986 28 with with IN 39033 986 29 the the DT 39033 986 30 piston piston NN 39033 986 31 rod rod NN 39033 986 32 . . . 39033 987 1 To to TO 39033 987 2 prevent prevent VB 39033 987 3 the the DT 39033 987 4 lubricant lubricant NN 39033 987 5 from from IN 39033 987 6 being be VBG 39033 987 7 wasted waste VBN 39033 987 8 by by IN 39033 987 9 running run VBG 39033 987 10 down down IN 39033 987 11 the the DT 39033 987 12 rod rod NN 39033 987 13 , , , 39033 987 14 the the DT 39033 987 15 main main JJ 39033 987 16 gland gland NN 39033 987 17 is be VBZ 39033 987 18 provided provide VBN 39033 987 19 with with IN 39033 987 20 a a DT 39033 987 21 shallow shallow JJ 39033 987 22 gland gland NN 39033 987 23 and and CC 39033 987 24 stuffing stuffing NN 39033 987 25 - - HYPH 39033 987 26 box box NN 39033 987 27 which which WDT 39033 987 28 is be VBZ 39033 987 29 filled fill VBN 39033 987 30 with with IN 39033 987 31 soft soft JJ 39033 987 32 cotton cotton NN 39033 987 33 packing packing NN 39033 987 34 , , , 39033 987 35 which which WDT 39033 987 36 soaks soak VBZ 39033 987 37 up up RP 39033 987 38 the the DT 39033 987 39 lubricant lubricant NN 39033 987 40 . . . 39033 988 1 The the DT 39033 988 2 main main JJ 39033 988 3 gland gland NN 39033 988 4 is be VBZ 39033 988 5 screwed screw VBN 39033 988 6 up up RP 39033 988 7 by by IN 39033 988 8 means mean NNS 39033 988 9 of of IN 39033 988 10 six six CD 39033 988 11 bolts bolt NNS 39033 988 12 , , , 39033 988 13 and and CC 39033 988 14 to to TO 39033 988 15 prevent prevent VB 39033 988 16 the the DT 39033 988 17 gland gland NN 39033 988 18 from from IN 39033 988 19 locking lock VBG 39033 988 20 itself -PRON- PRP 39033 988 21 in in IN 39033 988 22 the the DT 39033 988 23 stuffing stuffing NN 39033 988 24 - - HYPH 39033 988 25 box box NN 39033 988 26 , , , 39033 988 27 it -PRON- PRP 39033 988 28 is be VBZ 39033 988 29 necessary necessary JJ 39033 988 30 that that IN 39033 988 31 the the DT 39033 988 32 nuts nut NNS 39033 988 33 should should MD 39033 988 34 be be VB 39033 988 35 turned turn VBN 39033 988 36 together together RB 39033 988 37 . . . 39033 989 1 This this DT 39033 989 2 is be VBZ 39033 989 3 done do VBN 39033 989 4 in in IN 39033 989 5 a a DT 39033 989 6 simple simple JJ 39033 989 7 and and CC 39033 989 8 ingenious ingenious JJ 39033 989 9 manner manner NN 39033 989 10 . . . 39033 990 1 One one CD 39033 990 2 - - HYPH 39033 990 3 half half NN 39033 990 4 of of IN 39033 990 5 each each DT 39033 990 6 nut nut NN 39033 990 7 is be VBZ 39033 990 8 provided provide VBN 39033 990 9 with with IN 39033 990 10 teeth tooth NNS 39033 990 11 , , , 39033 990 12 and and CC 39033 990 13 these these DT 39033 990 14 gear gear NN 39033 990 15 with with IN 39033 990 16 a a DT 39033 990 17 toothed toothed JJ 39033 990 18 wheel wheel NN 39033 990 19 which which WDT 39033 990 20 has have VBZ 39033 990 21 a a DT 39033 990 22 rim rim NN 39033 990 23 only only RB 39033 990 24 ; ; : 39033 990 25 this this DT 39033 990 26 rim rim NN 39033 990 27 is be VBZ 39033 990 28 held hold VBN 39033 990 29 up up RP 39033 990 30 by by IN 39033 990 31 a a DT 39033 990 32 ring ring NN 39033 990 33 C. C. NNP 39033 990 34 When when WRB 39033 990 35 one one CD 39033 990 36 nut nut NN 39033 990 37 is be VBZ 39033 990 38 turned turn VBN 39033 990 39 , , , 39033 990 40 all all PDT 39033 990 41 the the DT 39033 990 42 rest rest NN 39033 990 43 follow follow NN 39033 990 44 in in IN 39033 990 45 the the DT 39033 990 46 same same JJ 39033 990 47 direction direction NN 39033 990 48 . . . 39033 991 1 [ [ -LRB- 39033 991 2 Illustration illustration NN 39033 991 3 : : : 39033 991 4 FIG FIG NNP 39033 991 5 . . . 39033 992 1 53 53 CD 39033 992 2 . . . 39033 992 3 ] ] -RRB- 39033 993 1 EXERCISE EXERCISE NNP 39033 993 2 54 54 CD 39033 993 3 : : : 39033 993 4 _ _ NNP 39033 993 5 Gland Gland NNP 39033 993 6 and and CC 39033 993 7 Stuffing Stuffing NNP 39033 993 8 - - HYPH 39033 993 9 box box NN 39033 993 10 for for IN 39033 993 11 Piston Piston NNP 39033 993 12 Rod Rod NNP 39033 993 13 of of IN 39033 993 14 Large large JJ 39033 993 15 Inverted Inverted NNP 39033 993 16 Cylinder Cylinder NNP 39033 993 17 Engine._--The engine._--the DT 39033 993 18 lower low JJR 39033 993 19 view view NN 39033 993 20 in in IN 39033 993 21 fig fig NN 39033 993 22 . . . 39033 994 1 53 53 CD 39033 994 2 is be VBZ 39033 994 3 a a DT 39033 994 4 half half JJ 39033 994 5 plan plan NN 39033 994 6 looking look VBG 39033 994 7 upwards upwards RB 39033 994 8 , , , 39033 994 9 and and CC 39033 994 10 a a DT 39033 994 11 half half JJ 39033 994 12 section section NN 39033 994 13 of of IN 39033 994 14 the the DT 39033 994 15 gland gland NN 39033 994 16 looking look VBG 39033 994 17 downwards downwards RB 39033 994 18 . . . 39033 995 1 The the DT 39033 995 2 upper upper JJ 39033 995 3 view view NN 39033 995 4 is be VBZ 39033 995 5 a a DT 39033 995 6 vertical vertical JJ 39033 995 7 section section NN 39033 995 8 . . . 39033 996 1 Complete complete VB 39033 996 2 all all PDT 39033 996 3 these these DT 39033 996 4 views view NNS 39033 996 5 and and CC 39033 996 6 add add VB 39033 996 7 an an DT 39033 996 8 elevation elevation NN 39033 996 9 . . . 39033 997 1 Scale scale NN 39033 997 2 3 3 CD 39033 997 3 inches inch NNS 39033 997 4 to to IN 39033 997 5 a a DT 39033 997 6 foot foot NN 39033 997 7 . . . 39033 998 1 _ _ NNP 39033 998 2 Note._--The Note._--The NNP 39033 998 3 large large JJ 39033 998 4 nuts nut NNS 39033 998 5 , , , 39033 998 6 the the DT 39033 998 7 wheel wheel NN 39033 998 8 , , , 39033 998 9 the the DT 39033 998 10 supporting support VBG 39033 998 11 ring ring NN 39033 998 12 , , , 39033 998 13 and and CC 39033 998 14 small small JJ 39033 998 15 gland gland NN 39033 998 16 are be VBP 39033 998 17 made make VBN 39033 998 18 of of IN 39033 998 19 brass brass NN 39033 998 20 . . . 39033 999 1 _ _ NNP 39033 999 2 Dimensions Dimensions NNPS 39033 999 3 of of IN 39033 999 4 Stuffing stuffing NN 39033 999 5 - - HYPH 39033 999 6 boxes box NNS 39033 999 7 and and CC 39033 999 8 Glands Glands NNPS 39033 999 9 . . . 39033 999 10 _ _ NNP 39033 999 11 _ _ NNP 39033 999 12 d d NNP 39033 999 13 _ _ NNP 39033 999 14 = = SYM 39033 999 15 diameter diameter NN 39033 999 16 of of IN 39033 999 17 rod rod NN 39033 999 18 . . . 39033 1000 1 _ _ NNP 39033 1000 2 t__{1 t__{1 NNP 39033 1000 3 } } -RRB- 39033 1000 4 = = NFP 39033 1000 5 thickness thickness NN 39033 1000 6 of of IN 39033 1000 7 _ _ NNP 39033 1000 8 d__{1 d__{1 NNP 39033 1000 9 } } -RRB- 39033 1000 10 = = SYM 39033 1000 11 diameter diameter NN 39033 1000 12 of of IN 39033 1000 13 box box NNP 39033 1000 14 ( ( -LRB- 39033 1000 15 inside inside RB 39033 1000 16 ) ) -RRB- 39033 1000 17 . . . 39033 1001 1 stuffing stuffing NN 39033 1001 2 - - HYPH 39033 1001 3 box box NN 39033 1001 4 flange flange NN 39033 1001 5 . . . 39033 1002 1 _ _ NNP 39033 1002 2 l l NNP 39033 1002 3 _ _ NNP 39033 1002 4 = = SYM 39033 1002 5 length length NN 39033 1002 6 of of IN 39033 1002 7 stuffing stuffing NN 39033 1002 8 - - HYPH 39033 1002 9 box box NN 39033 1002 10 _ _ NNP 39033 1002 11 t__{2 t__{2 NN 39033 1002 12 } } -RRB- 39033 1002 13 = = NFP 39033 1002 14 thickness thickness NN 39033 1002 15 of of IN 39033 1002 16 gland gland NNP 39033 1002 17 bush bush NNP 39033 1002 18 . . . 39033 1003 1 flange flange NNP 39033 1003 2 . . . 39033 1004 1 _ _ NNP 39033 1004 2 l__{1 l__{1 NNP 39033 1004 3 } } -RRB- 39033 1004 4 = = NFP 39033 1004 5 length length NN 39033 1004 6 of of IN 39033 1004 7 packing pack VBG 39033 1004 8 space space NN 39033 1004 9 . . . 39033 1005 1 _ _ NNP 39033 1005 2 t__{3 t__{3 NNP 39033 1005 3 } } -RRB- 39033 1005 4 = = SYM 39033 1005 5 thickness thickness NN 39033 1005 6 of of IN 39033 1005 7 bushes bush NNS 39033 1005 8 in in IN 39033 1005 9 _ _ NNP 39033 1005 10 l__{2 l__{2 NNP 39033 1005 11 } } -RRB- 39033 1005 12 = = SYM 39033 1005 13 length length NN 39033 1005 14 of of IN 39033 1005 15 gland gland NN 39033 1005 16 . . . 39033 1006 1 box box NNP 39033 1006 2 and and CC 39033 1006 3 gland gland NNP 39033 1006 4 . . . 39033 1007 1 _ _ NNP 39033 1007 2 t t NNP 39033 1007 3 _ _ NNP 39033 1007 4 = = SYM 39033 1007 5 thickness thickness NN 39033 1007 6 of of IN 39033 1007 7 metal metal NN 39033 1007 8 in in IN 39033 1007 9 _ _ NNP 39033 1007 10 d__{2 d__{2 NNP 39033 1007 11 } } -RRB- 39033 1007 12 = = SYM 39033 1007 13 diameter diameter NN 39033 1007 14 of of IN 39033 1007 15 gland gland NNP 39033 1007 16 bolts bolt NNS 39033 1007 17 . . . 39033 1008 1 stuffing stuffing NN 39033 1008 2 - - HYPH 39033 1008 3 box box NN 39033 1008 4 . . . 39033 1009 1 _ _ NNP 39033 1009 2 n n CC 39033 1009 3 _ _ NNP 39033 1009 4 = = SYM 39033 1009 5 number number NN 39033 1009 6 of of IN 39033 1009 7 bolts bolt NNS 39033 1009 8 . . . 39033 1010 1 + + NFP 39033 1010 2 ----------------------------------------------------------+ ----------------------------------------------------------+ NNP 39033 1010 3 | | NNP 39033 1010 4 _ _ NNP 39033 1010 5 d d NNP 39033 1010 6 _ _ NNP 39033 1010 7 | | NNP 39033 1010 8 _ _ NNP 39033 1010 9 d__{1 d__{1 NNP 39033 1010 10 } } -RRB- 39033 1010 11 | | NNP 39033 1010 12 _ _ NNP 39033 1010 13 l l NNP 39033 1010 14 _ _ NNP 39033 1010 15 | | NNP 39033 1010 16 _ _ NNP 39033 1010 17 l__{1 l__{1 NNP 39033 1010 18 } } -RRB- 39033 1010 19 | | NNP 39033 1010 20 _ _ NNP 39033 1010 21 l__{2 l__{2 NNP 39033 1010 22 } } -RRB- 39033 1010 23 | | NNP 39033 1010 24 _ _ NNP 39033 1010 25 t t NNP 39033 1010 26 _ _ NNP 39033 1010 27 | | NNP 39033 1010 28 _ _ NNP 39033 1010 29 t__{1 t__{1 NNP 39033 1010 30 } } -RRB- 39033 1010 31 | | NNP 39033 1010 32 + + SYM 39033 1010 33 -----+---------+-----+---------+---------+------+---------+ -----+---------+-----+---------+---------+------+---------+ NN 39033 1010 34 |1 |1 NNP 39033 1010 35 | | NNP 39033 1010 36 1 1 CD 39033 1010 37 - - HYPH 39033 1010 38 3/4 3/4 CD 39033 1010 39 | | CD 39033 1010 40 3/4| 3/4| CD 39033 1010 41 2 2 CD 39033 1010 42 | | CD 39033 1010 43 1 1 CD 39033 1010 44 - - HYPH 39033 1010 45 1/2 1/2 CD 39033 1010 46 | | CD 39033 1010 47 7/16| 7/16| CD 39033 1010 48 1/2 1/2 CD 39033 1010 49 | | CD 39033 1010 50 |1 |1 NN 39033 1010 51 - - HYPH 39033 1010 52 1/2| 1/2| CD 39033 1010 53 2 2 CD 39033 1010 54 - - HYPH 39033 1010 55 1/2 1/2 CD 39033 1010 56 |1 |1 SYM 39033 1010 57 - - : 39033 1010 58 1/4| 1/4| CD 39033 1010 59 2 2 CD 39033 1010 60 - - HYPH 39033 1010 61 5/8 5/8 CD 39033 1010 62 | | CD 39033 1010 63 2 2 CD 39033 1010 64 | | CD 39033 1010 65 9/16| 9/16| CD 39033 1010 66 11/16 11/16 CD 39033 1010 67 | | CD 39033 1010 68 |2 |2 CD 39033 1010 69 | | CD 39033 1010 70 3 3 CD 39033 1010 71 - - HYPH 39033 1010 72 1/2 1/2 CD 39033 1010 73 |1 |1 : 39033 1010 74 - - : 39033 1010 75 3/4| 3/4| CD 39033 1010 76 3 3 CD 39033 1010 77 - - HYPH 39033 1010 78 1/4 1/4 CD 39033 1010 79 | | CD 39033 1010 80 2 2 CD 39033 1010 81 - - HYPH 39033 1010 82 1/2 1/2 CD 39033 1010 83 | | CD 39033 1010 84 11/16| 11/16| CD 39033 1010 85 7/8 7/8 CD 39033 1010 86 | | CD 39033 1010 87 |2 |2 NNS 39033 1010 88 - - HYPH 39033 1010 89 1/2| 1/2| CD 39033 1010 90 4 4 CD 39033 1010 91 - - SYM 39033 1010 92 1/8 1/8 CD 39033 1010 93 |2 |2 CD 39033 1010 94 - - : 39033 1010 95 1/4| 1/4| CD 39033 1010 96 3 3 CD 39033 1010 97 - - SYM 39033 1010 98 7/8 7/8 CD 39033 1010 99 | | CD 39033 1010 100 2 2 CD 39033 1010 101 - - HYPH 39033 1010 102 7/8 7/8 CD 39033 1010 103 | | CD 39033 1010 104 13/16| 13/16| CD 39033 1010 105 1 1 CD 39033 1010 106 - - HYPH 39033 1010 107 1/16 1/16 CD 39033 1010 108 | | CD 39033 1010 109 |3 |3 CD 39033 1010 110 | | CD 39033 1010 111 4 4 CD 39033 1010 112 - - HYPH 39033 1010 113 3/4 3/4 CD 39033 1010 114 |2 |2 : 39033 1010 115 - - : 39033 1010 116 3/4| 3/4| CD 39033 1010 117 4 4 CD 39033 1010 118 - - CD 39033 1010 119 1/2 1/2 CD 39033 1010 120 | | CD 39033 1010 121 3 3 CD 39033 1010 122 - - HYPH 39033 1010 123 1/4 1/4 CD 39033 1010 124 | | CD 39033 1010 125 15/16| 15/16| CD 39033 1010 126 1 1 CD 39033 1010 127 - - HYPH 39033 1010 128 1/4 1/4 CD 39033 1010 129 | | CD 39033 1010 130 |3 |3 NNS 39033 1010 131 - - : 39033 1010 132 1/2| 1/2| CD 39033 1010 133 5 5 CD 39033 1010 134 - - SYM 39033 1010 135 1/4 1/4 CD 39033 1010 136 | | CD 39033 1010 137 3 3 CD 39033 1010 138 | | CD 39033 1010 139 5 5 CD 39033 1010 140 - - HYPH 39033 1010 141 1/8 1/8 CD 39033 1010 142 | | CD 39033 1010 143 3 3 CD 39033 1010 144 - - HYPH 39033 1010 145 5/8 5/8 CD 39033 1010 146 |1 |1 SYM 39033 1010 147 | | NNP 39033 1010 148 1 1 CD 39033 1010 149 - - HYPH 39033 1010 150 3/8 3/8 CD 39033 1010 151 | | CD 39033 1010 152 |4 |4 CD 39033 1010 153 | | CD 39033 1010 154 5 5 CD 39033 1010 155 - - SYM 39033 1010 156 7/8 7/8 CD 39033 1010 157 |3 |3 CD 39033 1010 158 - - : 39033 1010 159 1/4| 1/4| CD 39033 1010 160 5 5 CD 39033 1010 161 - - HYPH 39033 1010 162 3/4 3/4 CD 39033 1010 163 | | CD 39033 1010 164 4 4 CD 39033 1010 165 |1 |1 SYM 39033 1010 166 | | NNP 39033 1010 167 1 1 CD 39033 1010 168 - - HYPH 39033 1010 169 3/8 3/8 CD 39033 1010 170 | | CD 39033 1010 171 |4 |4 CD 39033 1010 172 - - HYPH 39033 1010 173 1/2| 1/2| CD 39033 1010 174 6 6 CD 39033 1010 175 - - SYM 39033 1010 176 3/8 3/8 CD 39033 1010 177 |3 |3 NN 39033 1010 178 - - : 39033 1010 179 1/2| 1/2| CD 39033 1010 180 6 6 CD 39033 1010 181 - - HYPH 39033 1010 182 3/8 3/8 CD 39033 1010 183 | | CD 39033 1010 184 4 4 CD 39033 1010 185 - - SYM 39033 1010 186 3/8 3/8 CD 39033 1010 187 |1 |1 NNP 39033 1010 188 - - HYPH 39033 1010 189 1/16| 1/16| CD 39033 1010 190 1 1 CD 39033 1010 191 - - SYM 39033 1010 192 9/16 9/16 CD 39033 1010 193 | | CD 39033 1010 194 |5 |5 CD 39033 1010 195 | | CD 39033 1010 196 7 7 CD 39033 1010 197 |3 |3 NNS 39033 1010 198 - - : 39033 1010 199 3/4| 3/4| CD 39033 1010 200 7 7 CD 39033 1010 201 | | CD 39033 1010 202 4 4 CD 39033 1010 203 - - SYM 39033 1010 204 5/8 5/8 CD 39033 1010 205 |1 |1 . 39033 1010 206 - - HYPH 39033 1010 207 1/16| 1/16| CD 39033 1010 208 1 1 CD 39033 1010 209 - - SYM 39033 1010 210 9/16 9/16 CD 39033 1010 211 | | CD 39033 1010 212 |6 |6 CC 39033 1010 213 | | NNP 39033 1010 214 8 8 CD 39033 1010 215 |4 |4 CD 39033 1010 216 - - : 39033 1010 217 1/4| 1/4| CD 39033 1010 218 8 8 CD 39033 1010 219 - - SYM 39033 1010 220 1/4 1/4 CD 39033 1010 221 | | CD 39033 1010 222 5 5 CD 39033 1010 223 |1 |1 SYM 39033 1010 224 - - HYPH 39033 1010 225 1/8 1/8 CD 39033 1010 226 | | CD 39033 1010 227 1 1 CD 39033 1010 228 - - HYPH 39033 1010 229 11/16 11/16 CD 39033 1010 230 | | CD 39033 1010 231 + + NNS 39033 1010 232 ----------------------------------------------------------+ ----------------------------------------------------------+ NN 39033 1010 233 + + CC 39033 1010 234 -------------------------------------------------+ -------------------------------------------------+ NNP 39033 1010 235 | | NNP 39033 1010 236 _ _ NNP 39033 1010 237 d d NNP 39033 1010 238 _ _ NNP 39033 1010 239 | | NNP 39033 1010 240 _ _ NNP 39033 1010 241 t__{2 t__{2 NNP 39033 1010 242 } } -RRB- 39033 1010 243 | | NNP 39033 1010 244 _ _ NNP 39033 1010 245 t__{3 t__{3 NNP 39033 1010 246 } } -RRB- 39033 1010 247 | | NNP 39033 1010 248 _ _ NNP 39033 1010 249 d__{2 d__{2 NNP 39033 1010 250 } } -RRB- 39033 1010 251 | | NNP 39033 1010 252 _ _ NNP 39033 1010 253 n n CC 39033 1010 254 _ _ NNP 39033 1010 255 | | NNP 39033 1010 256 + + NNP 39033 1010 257 -----+-----------------+---------+---------+-----+ -----+-----------------+---------+---------+-----+ NN 39033 1010 258 |1 |1 NNP 39033 1010 259 | | NNP 39033 1010 260 _ _ NNP 39033 1010 261 t__{2}=_t t__{2}=_t NNP 39033 1010 262 _ _ NNP 39033 1010 263 | | NNP 39033 1010 264 3/16 3/16 CD 39033 1010 265 | | CD 39033 1010 266 7/16 7/16 CD 39033 1010 267 | | CD 39033 1010 268 2 2 CD 39033 1010 269 | | CD 39033 1010 270 |1 |1 NN 39033 1010 271 - - HYPH 39033 1010 272 1/2| 1/2| IN 39033 1010 273 when when WRB 39033 1010 274 gland gland NNP 39033 1010 275 | | NNP 39033 1010 276 1/4 1/4 CD 39033 1010 277 | | CD 39033 1010 278 5/8 5/8 CD 39033 1010 279 | | CD 39033 1010 280 2 2 CD 39033 1010 281 | | CD 39033 1010 282 |2 |2 NNS 39033 1010 283 | | CD 39033 1010 284 flange flange NN 39033 1010 285 is be VBZ 39033 1010 286 | | CD 39033 1010 287 5/16 5/16 CD 39033 1010 288 | | CD 39033 1010 289 3/4 3/4 CD 39033 1010 290 | | CD 39033 1010 291 2 2 CD 39033 1010 292 | | CD 39033 1010 293 |2 |2 NNS 39033 1010 294 - - HYPH 39033 1010 295 1/2| 1/2| CD 39033 1010 296 made make VBN 39033 1010 297 of of IN 39033 1010 298 cast cast VBN 39033 1010 299 | | CD 39033 1010 300 5/16 5/16 CD 39033 1010 301 | | CD 39033 1010 302 7/8 7/8 CD 39033 1010 303 | | CD 39033 1010 304 2 2 CD 39033 1010 305 | | CD 39033 1010 306 |3 |3 NN 39033 1010 307 | | CD 39033 1010 308 iron iron NN 39033 1010 309 and and CC 39033 1010 310 | | NNP 39033 1010 311 3/8 3/8 CD 39033 1010 312 | | CD 39033 1010 313 1 1 CD 39033 1010 314 | | CD 39033 1010 315 2 2 CD 39033 1010 316 | | CD 39033 1010 317 |3 |3 NNS 39033 1010 318 - - : 39033 1010 319 1/2| 1/2| -LRB- 39033 1010 320 _ _ NNP 39033 1010 321 t__{2}=_t__{1 t__{2}=_t__{1 NNP 39033 1010 322 } } -RRB- 39033 1010 323 | | NNP 39033 1010 324 3/8 3/8 CD 39033 1010 325 | | CD 39033 1010 326 1 1 CD 39033 1010 327 | | CD 39033 1010 328 2 2 CD 39033 1010 329 | | CD 39033 1010 330 |4 |4 CD 39033 1010 331 | | CD 39033 1010 332 when when WRB 39033 1010 333 gland gland NNP 39033 1010 334 | | NNP 39033 1010 335 7/16 7/16 CD 39033 1010 336 | | CD 39033 1010 337 1 1 CD 39033 1010 338 | | CD 39033 1010 339 2 2 CD 39033 1010 340 | | CD 39033 1010 341 |4 |4 CD 39033 1010 342 - - HYPH 39033 1010 343 1/2| 1/2| CD 39033 1010 344 flange flange NN 39033 1010 345 is be VBZ 39033 1010 346 | | CD 39033 1010 347 7/16 7/16 CD 39033 1010 348 | | CD 39033 1010 349 7/8 7/8 CD 39033 1010 350 | | CD 39033 1010 351 4 4 CD 39033 1010 352 | | CD 39033 1010 353 |5 |5 NNS 39033 1010 354 | | NNS 39033 1010 355 made make VBN 39033 1010 356 of of IN 39033 1010 357 | | CD 39033 1010 358 7/16 7/16 CD 39033 1010 359 | | CD 39033 1010 360 1 1 CD 39033 1010 361 | | CD 39033 1010 362 4 4 CD 39033 1010 363 | | CD 39033 1010 364 |6 |6 CC 39033 1010 365 | | NNP 39033 1010 366 brass brass NN 39033 1010 367 . . . 39033 1011 1 | | NNP 39033 1011 2 1/2 1/2 CD 39033 1011 3 | | CD 39033 1011 4 1 1 CD 39033 1011 5 - - HYPH 39033 1011 6 1/4 1/4 CD 39033 1011 7 | | CD 39033 1011 8 4 4 CD 39033 1011 9 | | CD 39033 1011 10 + + CC 39033 1011 11 -------------------------------------------------+ -------------------------------------------------+ . 39033 1011 12 The the DT 39033 1011 13 proportions proportion NNS 39033 1011 14 of of IN 39033 1011 15 glands gland NNS 39033 1011 16 and and CC 39033 1011 17 stuffing stuff VBG 39033 1011 18 - - HYPH 39033 1011 19 boxes box NNS 39033 1011 20 vary vary VBP 39033 1011 21 considerably considerably RB 39033 1011 22 but but CC 39033 1011 23 the the DT 39033 1011 24 above above JJ 39033 1011 25 table table NN 39033 1011 26 represents represent VBZ 39033 1011 27 average average JJ 39033 1011 28 practice practice NN 39033 1011 29 . . . 39033 1012 1 EXERCISE EXERCISE NNP 39033 1012 2 55:--Make 55:--make PDT 39033 1012 3 the the DT 39033 1012 4 necessary necessary JJ 39033 1012 5 working work VBG 39033 1012 6 drawings drawing NNS 39033 1012 7 for for IN 39033 1012 8 a a DT 39033 1012 9 gland gland NN 39033 1012 10 and and CC 39033 1012 11 stuffing stuffing NN 39033 1012 12 - - HYPH 39033 1012 13 box box NN 39033 1012 14 for for IN 39033 1012 15 a a DT 39033 1012 16 locomotive locomotive JJ 39033 1012 17 engine engine NN 39033 1012 18 piston piston NN 39033 1012 19 rod rod NNP 39033 1012 20 2 2 CD 39033 1012 21 - - HYPH 39033 1012 22 1/2 1/2 CD 39033 1012 23 inches inch NNS 39033 1012 24 in in IN 39033 1012 25 diameter diameter NN 39033 1012 26 , , , 39033 1012 27 to to IN 39033 1012 28 the the DT 39033 1012 29 dimensions dimension NNS 39033 1012 30 given give VBN 39033 1012 31 in in IN 39033 1012 32 the the DT 39033 1012 33 table table NN 39033 1012 34 . . . 39033 1013 1 XVI XVI NNP 39033 1013 2 . . . 39033 1014 1 VALVES VALVES NNP 39033 1014 2 . . . 39033 1015 1 Professor Professor NNP 39033 1015 2 Unwin Unwin NNP 39033 1015 3 divides divide VBZ 39033 1015 4 valves valve NNS 39033 1015 5 , , , 39033 1015 6 according accord VBG 39033 1015 7 to to IN 39033 1015 8 their -PRON- PRP$ 39033 1015 9 construction construction NN 39033 1015 10 into into IN 39033 1015 11 three three CD 39033 1015 12 classes class NNS 39033 1015 13 as as IN 39033 1015 14 follows:--(1 follows:--(1 NN 39033 1015 15 ) ) -RRB- 39033 1015 16 flap flap NNP 39033 1015 17 valves valve NNS 39033 1015 18 , , , 39033 1015 19 which which WDT 39033 1015 20 bond bond NN 39033 1015 21 or or CC 39033 1015 22 turn turn VB 39033 1015 23 upon upon IN 39033 1015 24 a a DT 39033 1015 25 hinge hinge NN 39033 1015 26 ; ; , 39033 1015 27 ( ( -LRB- 39033 1015 28 2 2 LS 39033 1015 29 ) ) -RRB- 39033 1015 30 lift lift NN 39033 1015 31 valves valve NNS 39033 1015 32 , , , 39033 1015 33 which which WDT 39033 1015 34 rise rise VBP 39033 1015 35 perpendicularly perpendicularly RB 39033 1015 36 to to IN 39033 1015 37 the the DT 39033 1015 38 seat seat NN 39033 1015 39 ; ; : 39033 1015 40 ( ( -LRB- 39033 1015 41 3 3 LS 39033 1015 42 ) ) -RRB- 39033 1015 43 sliding slide VBG 39033 1015 44 valves valve NNS 39033 1015 45 , , , 39033 1015 46 which which WDT 39033 1015 47 move move VBP 39033 1015 48 parallel parallel RB 39033 1015 49 to to IN 39033 1015 50 the the DT 39033 1015 51 seat seat NN 39033 1015 52 . . . 39033 1016 1 Examples example NNS 39033 1016 2 of of IN 39033 1016 3 flap flap JJ 39033 1016 4 valves valve NNS 39033 1016 5 are be VBP 39033 1016 6 shown show VBN 39033 1016 7 in in IN 39033 1016 8 figs fig NNS 39033 1016 9 . . . 39033 1017 1 54 54 CD 39033 1017 2 and and CC 39033 1017 3 55 55 CD 39033 1017 4 ; ; : 39033 1017 5 two two CD 39033 1017 6 forms form NNS 39033 1017 7 of of IN 39033 1017 8 lift lift NN 39033 1017 9 valves valve NNS 39033 1017 10 are be VBP 39033 1017 11 shown show VBN 39033 1017 12 in in IN 39033 1017 13 figs fig NNS 39033 1017 14 . . . 39033 1018 1 56 56 CD 39033 1018 2 and and CC 39033 1018 3 57 57 CD 39033 1018 4 , , , 39033 1018 5 and and CC 39033 1018 6 in in IN 39033 1018 7 figs fig NNS 39033 1018 8 . . . 39033 1019 1 58 58 CD 39033 1019 2 and and CC 39033 1019 3 59 59 CD 39033 1019 4 are be VBP 39033 1019 5 shown show VBN 39033 1019 6 two two CD 39033 1019 7 forms form NNS 39033 1019 8 of of IN 39033 1019 9 slide slide NN 39033 1019 10 valve valve NN 39033 1019 11 . . . 39033 1020 1 The the DT 39033 1020 2 slide slide NN 39033 1020 3 valve valve NN 39033 1020 4 shown show VBN 39033 1020 5 in in IN 39033 1020 6 fig fig NN 39033 1020 7 . . . 39033 1021 1 58 58 CD 39033 1021 2 moves move NNS 39033 1021 3 in in IN 39033 1021 4 a a DT 39033 1021 5 straight straight JJ 39033 1021 6 line line NN 39033 1021 7 , , , 39033 1021 8 while while IN 39033 1021 9 that that DT 39033 1021 10 shown show VBN 39033 1021 11 in in IN 39033 1021 12 fig fig NN 39033 1021 13 . . . 39033 1022 1 59 59 CD 39033 1022 2 ( ( -LRB- 39033 1022 3 called call VBN 39033 1022 4 a a DT 39033 1022 5 cock cock NN 39033 1022 6 ) ) -RRB- 39033 1022 7 moves move NNS 39033 1022 8 in in IN 39033 1022 9 circle circle NN 39033 1022 10 . . . 39033 1023 1 _ _ NNP 39033 1023 2 India India NNP 39033 1023 3 - - HYPH 39033 1023 4 rubber rubber NNP 39033 1023 5 Valves._--In Valves._--In NNP 39033 1023 6 india india NNP 39033 1023 7 - - HYPH 39033 1023 8 rubber rubber NNP 39033 1023 9 valves valve NNS 39033 1023 10 there there EX 39033 1023 11 is be VBZ 39033 1023 12 a a DT 39033 1023 13 grating grating NN 39033 1023 14 covered cover VBN 39033 1023 15 by by IN 39033 1023 16 a a DT 39033 1023 17 piece piece NN 39033 1023 18 of of IN 39033 1023 19 india india NNP 39033 1023 20 - - HYPH 39033 1023 21 rubber rubber NNP 39033 1023 22 , , , 39033 1023 23 which which WDT 39033 1023 24 may may MD 39033 1023 25 be be VB 39033 1023 26 rectangular rectangular JJ 39033 1023 27 , , , 39033 1023 28 but but CC 39033 1023 29 is be VBZ 39033 1023 30 generally generally RB 39033 1023 31 circular circular JJ 39033 1023 32 , , , 39033 1023 33 and and CC 39033 1023 34 which which WDT 39033 1023 35 is be VBZ 39033 1023 36 held hold VBN 39033 1023 37 down down RP 39033 1023 38 along along IN 39033 1023 39 one one CD 39033 1023 40 edge edge NN 39033 1023 41 if if IN 39033 1023 42 rectangular rectangular NN 39033 1023 43 , , , 39033 1023 44 or or CC 39033 1023 45 at at IN 39033 1023 46 the the DT 39033 1023 47 centre centre NN 39033 1023 48 if if IN 39033 1023 49 circular circular JJ 39033 1023 50 . . . 39033 1024 1 Water water NN 39033 1024 2 or or CC 39033 1024 3 other other JJ 39033 1024 4 fluid fluid NN 39033 1024 5 can can MD 39033 1024 6 pass pass VB 39033 1024 7 freely freely RB 39033 1024 8 upwards upwards RB 39033 1024 9 through through IN 39033 1024 10 the the DT 39033 1024 11 grating grating NN 39033 1024 12 , , , 39033 1024 13 but but CC 39033 1024 14 when when WRB 39033 1024 15 it -PRON- PRP 39033 1024 16 attempts attempt VBZ 39033 1024 17 to to TO 39033 1024 18 return return VB 39033 1024 19 the the DT 39033 1024 20 elasticity elasticity NN 39033 1024 21 of of IN 39033 1024 22 the the DT 39033 1024 23 india india NNP 39033 1024 24 - - HYPH 39033 1024 25 rubber rubber NNP 39033 1024 26 , , , 39033 1024 27 and and CC 39033 1024 28 the the DT 39033 1024 29 pressure pressure NN 39033 1024 30 of of IN 39033 1024 31 the the DT 39033 1024 32 water water NN 39033 1024 33 upon upon IN 39033 1024 34 it -PRON- PRP 39033 1024 35 , , , 39033 1024 36 cause cause VB 39033 1024 37 it -PRON- PRP 39033 1024 38 to to TO 39033 1024 39 lie lie VB 39033 1024 40 close close RB 39033 1024 41 on on IN 39033 1024 42 the the DT 39033 1024 43 grating grating NN 39033 1024 44 , , , 39033 1024 45 and and CC 39033 1024 46 thus thus RB 39033 1024 47 prevent prevent VBP 39033 1024 48 the the DT 39033 1024 49 return return NN 39033 1024 50 of of IN 39033 1024 51 the the DT 39033 1024 52 water water NN 39033 1024 53 . . . 39033 1025 1 The the DT 39033 1025 2 india india NN 39033 1025 3 - - NN 39033 1025 4 rubber rubber NN 39033 1025 5 is be VBZ 39033 1025 6 prevented prevent VBN 39033 1025 7 from from IN 39033 1025 8 rising rise VBG 39033 1025 9 too too RB 39033 1025 10 high high RB 39033 1025 11 by by IN 39033 1025 12 a a DT 39033 1025 13 perforated perforate VBN 39033 1025 14 guard guard NN 39033 1025 15 . . . 39033 1026 1 In in IN 39033 1026 2 fig fig NN 39033 1026 3 . . . 39033 1027 1 54 54 CD 39033 1027 2 is be VBZ 39033 1027 3 shown show VBN 39033 1027 4 an an DT 39033 1027 5 example example NN 39033 1027 6 of of IN 39033 1027 7 an an DT 39033 1027 8 india india NNP 39033 1027 9 - - HYPH 39033 1027 10 rubber rubber NN 39033 1027 11 disc disc NN 39033 1027 12 valve valve NN 39033 1027 13 . . . 39033 1028 1 A a DT 39033 1028 2 is be VBZ 39033 1028 3 the the DT 39033 1028 4 grating grating NN 39033 1028 5 , , , 39033 1028 6 B b VB 39033 1028 7 the the DT 39033 1028 8 india india NN 39033 1028 9 - - HYPH 39033 1028 10 rubber rubber NNP 39033 1028 11 , , , 39033 1028 12 C C NNP 39033 1028 13 the the DT 39033 1028 14 guard guard NN 39033 1028 15 secured secure VBD 39033 1028 16 to to IN 39033 1028 17 the the DT 39033 1028 18 grating grating NN 39033 1028 19 or or CC 39033 1028 20 seat seat NN 39033 1028 21 by by IN 39033 1028 22 the the DT 39033 1028 23 stud stud NN 39033 1028 24 D D NNP 39033 1028 25 and and CC 39033 1028 26 nut nut NNP 39033 1028 27 E. E. NNP 39033 1028 28 The the DT 39033 1028 29 grating grating NN 39033 1028 30 is be VBZ 39033 1028 31 held hold VBN 39033 1028 32 in in IN 39033 1028 33 position position NN 39033 1028 34 by by IN 39033 1028 35 bolts bolt NNS 39033 1028 36 and and CC 39033 1028 37 nuts nut NNS 39033 1028 38 F. F. NNP 39033 1028 39 The the DT 39033 1028 40 grating grating NN 39033 1028 41 and and CC 39033 1028 42 guard guard NN 39033 1028 43 are be VBP 39033 1028 44 generally generally RB 39033 1028 45 of of IN 39033 1028 46 brass brass NN 39033 1028 47 . . . 39033 1029 1 India India NNP 39033 1029 2 - - HYPH 39033 1029 3 rubber rubber NN 39033 1029 4 disc disc NN 39033 1029 5 valves valve NNS 39033 1029 6 are be VBP 39033 1029 7 also also RB 39033 1029 8 shown show VBN 39033 1029 9 on on IN 39033 1029 10 the the DT 39033 1029 11 air air NN 39033 1029 12 - - HYPH 39033 1029 13 pump pump NN 39033 1029 14 bucket bucket NN 39033 1029 15 , , , 39033 1029 16 fig fig VB 39033 1029 17 . . . 39033 1030 1 47 47 CD 39033 1030 2 . . . 39033 1031 1 EXERCISE EXERCISE NNP 39033 1031 2 56 56 CD 39033 1031 3 : : : 39033 1031 4 _ _ NNP 39033 1031 5 India India NNP 39033 1031 6 - - HYPH 39033 1031 7 rubber rubber NNP 39033 1031 8 Disc Disc NNP 39033 1031 9 Valve._--Fig Valve._--Fig NNP 39033 1031 10 . . . 39033 1032 1 54 54 CD 39033 1032 2 shows show VBZ 39033 1032 3 a a DT 39033 1032 4 vertical vertical JJ 39033 1032 5 section section NN 39033 1032 6 and and CC 39033 1032 7 a a DT 39033 1032 8 plan plan NN 39033 1032 9 of of IN 39033 1032 10 an an DT 39033 1032 11 india india JJ 39033 1032 12 - - HYPH 39033 1032 13 rubber rubber NN 39033 1032 14 disc disc NN 39033 1032 15 valve valve NN 39033 1032 16 . . . 39033 1033 1 In in IN 39033 1033 2 the the DT 39033 1033 3 plan plan NN 39033 1033 4 one one CD 39033 1033 5 - - HYPH 39033 1033 6 half half NN 39033 1033 7 of of IN 39033 1033 8 the the DT 39033 1033 9 guard guard NN 39033 1033 10 and and CC 39033 1033 11 india india NNP 39033 1033 12 - - HYPH 39033 1033 13 rubber rubber NNP 39033 1033 14 are be VBP 39033 1033 15 supposed suppose VBN 39033 1033 16 to to TO 39033 1033 17 be be VB 39033 1033 18 removed remove VBN 39033 1033 19 so so IN 39033 1033 20 as as IN 39033 1033 21 to to TO 39033 1033 22 show show VB 39033 1033 23 the the DT 39033 1033 24 grating grating NN 39033 1033 25 or or CC 39033 1033 26 seat seat NN 39033 1033 27 . . . 39033 1034 1 Draw draw VB 39033 1034 2 these these DT 39033 1034 3 views view NNS 39033 1034 4 , , , 39033 1034 5 and and CC 39033 1034 6 also also RB 39033 1034 7 an an DT 39033 1034 8 elevation elevation NN 39033 1034 9 . . . 39033 1035 1 A a DT 39033 1035 2 detail detail NN 39033 1035 3 drawing drawing NN 39033 1035 4 of of IN 39033 1035 5 the the DT 39033 1035 6 central central JJ 39033 1035 7 stud stud NN 39033 1035 8 is be VBZ 39033 1035 9 shown show VBN 39033 1035 10 in in IN 39033 1035 11 fig fig NN 39033 1035 12 . . . 39033 1036 1 16 16 CD 39033 1036 2 , , , 39033 1036 3 page page NN 39033 1036 4 18 18 CD 39033 1036 5 . . . 39033 1037 1 In in IN 39033 1037 2 fig fig NN 39033 1037 3 . . . 39033 1038 1 54 54 CD 39033 1038 2 the the DT 39033 1038 3 elevation elevation NN 39033 1038 4 of of IN 39033 1038 5 the the DT 39033 1038 6 guard guard NN 39033 1038 7 is be VBZ 39033 1038 8 drawn draw VBN 39033 1038 9 as as IN 39033 1038 10 it -PRON- PRP 39033 1038 11 is be VBZ 39033 1038 12 usually usually RB 39033 1038 13 drawn draw VBN 39033 1038 14 in in IN 39033 1038 15 practice practice NN 39033 1038 16 , , , 39033 1038 17 but but CC 39033 1038 18 if if IN 39033 1038 19 the the DT 39033 1038 20 student student NN 39033 1038 21 has have VBZ 39033 1038 22 a a DT 39033 1038 23 sufficient sufficient JJ 39033 1038 24 knowledge knowledge NN 39033 1038 25 of of IN 39033 1038 26 descriptive descriptive JJ 39033 1038 27 geometry geometry NN 39033 1038 28 he -PRON- PRP 39033 1038 29 should should MD 39033 1038 30 draw draw VB 39033 1038 31 the the DT 39033 1038 32 elevation elevation NN 39033 1038 33 completely completely RB 39033 1038 34 showing show VBG 39033 1038 35 the the DT 39033 1038 36 perforations perforation NNS 39033 1038 37 . . . 39033 1039 1 Scale scale NN 39033 1039 2 6 6 CD 39033 1039 3 inches inch NNS 39033 1039 4 to to IN 39033 1039 5 a a DT 39033 1039 6 foot foot NN 39033 1039 7 . . . 39033 1040 1 [ [ -LRB- 39033 1040 2 Illustration illustration NN 39033 1040 3 : : : 39033 1040 4 FIG FIG NNP 39033 1040 5 . . . 39033 1041 1 54 54 CD 39033 1041 2 . . . 39033 1041 3 ] ] -RRB- 39033 1042 1 [ [ -LRB- 39033 1042 2 Illustration illustration NN 39033 1042 3 : : : 39033 1042 4 FIG FIG NNP 39033 1042 5 . . . 39033 1043 1 55 55 CD 39033 1043 2 . . . 39033 1043 3 ] ] -RRB- 39033 1044 1 _ _ NNP 39033 1044 2 Kinghorn Kinghorn NNP 39033 1044 3 's 's POS 39033 1044 4 Metallic Metallic NNP 39033 1044 5 Valve._--The Valve._--The NNP 39033 1044 6 action action NN 39033 1044 7 of of IN 39033 1044 8 this this DT 39033 1044 9 valve valve NN 39033 1044 10 is be VBZ 39033 1044 11 the the DT 39033 1044 12 same same JJ 39033 1044 13 as as IN 39033 1044 14 that that DT 39033 1044 15 of of IN 39033 1044 16 an an DT 39033 1044 17 india india NN 39033 1044 18 - - HYPH 39033 1044 19 rubber rubber NN 39033 1044 20 valve valve NN 39033 1044 21 , , , 39033 1044 22 but but CC 39033 1044 23 a a DT 39033 1044 24 thin thin JJ 39033 1044 25 sheet sheet NN 39033 1044 26 of of IN 39033 1044 27 metal metal NN 39033 1044 28 ( ( -LRB- 39033 1044 29 phosphor phosphor NNP 39033 1044 30 bronze bronze NNP 39033 1044 31 ) ) -RRB- 39033 1044 32 takes take VBZ 39033 1044 33 the the DT 39033 1044 34 place place NN 39033 1044 35 of of IN 39033 1044 36 the the DT 39033 1044 37 india india NN 39033 1044 38 - - HYPH 39033 1044 39 rubber rubber NNP 39033 1044 40 . . . 39033 1045 1 This this DT 39033 1045 2 valve valve NN 39033 1045 3 is be VBZ 39033 1045 4 now now RB 39033 1045 5 largely largely RB 39033 1045 6 used use VBN 39033 1045 7 in in IN 39033 1045 8 the the DT 39033 1045 9 pumps pump NNS 39033 1045 10 of of IN 39033 1045 11 marine marine JJ 39033 1045 12 engines engine NNS 39033 1045 13 , , , 39033 1045 14 and and CC 39033 1045 15 is be VBZ 39033 1045 16 shown show VBN 39033 1045 17 in in IN 39033 1045 18 fig fig NN 39033 1045 19 . . . 39033 1046 1 55 55 CD 39033 1046 2 as as IN 39033 1046 3 applied apply VBN 39033 1046 4 to to IN 39033 1046 5 an an DT 39033 1046 6 air air NN 39033 1046 7 - - HYPH 39033 1046 8 pump pump NN 39033 1046 9 bucket bucket NN 39033 1046 10 . . . 39033 1047 1 Three three CD 39033 1047 2 valves valve NNS 39033 1047 3 like like IN 39033 1047 4 the the DT 39033 1047 5 one one CD 39033 1047 6 shown show VBN 39033 1047 7 are be VBP 39033 1047 8 arranged arrange VBN 39033 1047 9 round round IN 39033 1047 10 the the DT 39033 1047 11 bucket bucket NN 39033 1047 12 . . . 39033 1048 1 EXERCISE EXERCISE NNP 39033 1048 2 57 57 CD 39033 1048 3 : : : 39033 1048 4 _ _ NNP 39033 1048 5 Kinghorn Kinghorn NNP 39033 1048 6 's 's POS 39033 1048 7 Metallic Metallic NNP 39033 1048 8 Valve._--Fig Valve._--Fig NNP 39033 1048 9 . . . 39033 1049 1 55 55 CD 39033 1049 2 shows show VBZ 39033 1049 3 an an DT 39033 1049 4 elevation elevation NN 39033 1049 5 and and CC 39033 1049 6 plan plan NN 39033 1049 7 of of IN 39033 1049 8 one one CD 39033 1049 9 form form NN 39033 1049 10 of of IN 39033 1049 11 this this DT 39033 1049 12 valve valve NN 39033 1049 13 . . . 39033 1050 1 In in IN 39033 1050 2 the the DT 39033 1050 3 plan plan NN 39033 1050 4 one one CD 39033 1050 5 - - HYPH 39033 1050 6 half half NN 39033 1050 7 of of IN 39033 1050 8 the the DT 39033 1050 9 guard guard NN 39033 1050 10 and and CC 39033 1050 11 metal metal NN 39033 1050 12 sheet sheet NN 39033 1050 13 are be VBP 39033 1050 14 supposed suppose VBN 39033 1050 15 to to TO 39033 1050 16 be be VB 39033 1050 17 removed remove VBN 39033 1050 18 , , , 39033 1050 19 so so IN 39033 1050 20 as as IN 39033 1050 21 to to TO 39033 1050 22 show show VB 39033 1050 23 the the DT 39033 1050 24 grating grating NN 39033 1050 25 , , , 39033 1050 26 which which WDT 39033 1050 27 in in IN 39033 1050 28 this this DT 39033 1050 29 case case NN 39033 1050 30 is be VBZ 39033 1050 31 part part NN 39033 1050 32 of of IN 39033 1050 33 an an DT 39033 1050 34 air air NN 39033 1050 35 - - HYPH 39033 1050 36 pump pump NN 39033 1050 37 bucket bucket NN 39033 1050 38 . . . 39033 1051 1 Draw draw VB 39033 1051 2 the the DT 39033 1051 3 views view NNS 39033 1051 4 shown show VBN 39033 1051 5 , , , 39033 1051 6 and and CC 39033 1051 7 also also RB 39033 1051 8 a a DT 39033 1051 9 vertical vertical JJ 39033 1051 10 section section NN 39033 1051 11 of of IN 39033 1051 12 the the DT 39033 1051 13 guard guard NN 39033 1051 14 through through IN 39033 1051 15 the the DT 39033 1051 16 centres centre NNS 39033 1051 17 of of IN 39033 1051 18 the the DT 39033 1051 19 bolts bolt NNS 39033 1051 20 . . . 39033 1052 1 All all PDT 39033 1052 2 the the DT 39033 1052 3 parts part NNS 39033 1052 4 are be VBP 39033 1052 5 of of IN 39033 1052 6 brass brass NN 39033 1052 7 except except IN 39033 1052 8 the the DT 39033 1052 9 valve valve NN 39033 1052 10 proper proper JJ 39033 1052 11 , , , 39033 1052 12 which which WDT 39033 1052 13 is be VBZ 39033 1052 14 of of IN 39033 1052 15 phosphor phosphor NN 39033 1052 16 bronze bronze NN 39033 1052 17 . . . 39033 1053 1 Scale scale NN 39033 1053 2 6 6 CD 39033 1053 3 inches inch NNS 39033 1053 4 to to IN 39033 1053 5 a a DT 39033 1053 6 foot foot NN 39033 1053 7 . . . 39033 1054 1 _ _ NNP 39033 1054 2 Conical Conical NNP 39033 1054 3 Disc Disc NNP 39033 1054 4 Valves._--A Valves._--A VBZ 39033 1054 5 very very RB 39033 1054 6 common common JJ 39033 1054 7 form form NN 39033 1054 8 of of IN 39033 1054 9 valve valve NN 39033 1054 10 is be VBZ 39033 1054 11 that that DT 39033 1054 12 shown show VBN 39033 1054 13 in in IN 39033 1054 14 figs fig NNS 39033 1054 15 . . . 39033 1055 1 56 56 CD 39033 1055 2 and and CC 39033 1055 3 57 57 CD 39033 1055 4 . . . 39033 1056 1 This this DT 39033 1056 2 form form NN 39033 1056 3 of of IN 39033 1056 4 valve valve NN 39033 1056 5 consists consist VBZ 39033 1056 6 of of IN 39033 1056 7 a a DT 39033 1056 8 disc disc NN 39033 1056 9 , , , 39033 1056 10 the the DT 39033 1056 11 edge edge NN 39033 1056 12 of of IN 39033 1056 13 which which WDT 39033 1056 14 ( ( -LRB- 39033 1056 15 called call VBN 39033 1056 16 the the DT 39033 1056 17 face face NN 39033 1056 18 ) ) -RRB- 39033 1056 19 is be VBZ 39033 1056 20 conical conical JJ 39033 1056 21 . . . 39033 1057 1 The the DT 39033 1057 2 conical conical JJ 39033 1057 3 edge edge NN 39033 1057 4 of of IN 39033 1057 5 this this DT 39033 1057 6 disc disc NN 39033 1057 7 fits fit VBZ 39033 1057 8 accurately accurately RB 39033 1057 9 on on IN 39033 1057 10 a a DT 39033 1057 11 corresponding corresponding JJ 39033 1057 12 seat seat NN 39033 1057 13 . . . 39033 1058 1 The the DT 39033 1058 2 angle angle NN 39033 1058 3 which which WDT 39033 1058 4 the the DT 39033 1058 5 valve valve NN 39033 1058 6 face face NN 39033 1058 7 makes make VBZ 39033 1058 8 with with IN 39033 1058 9 its -PRON- PRP$ 39033 1058 10 axis axis NN 39033 1058 11 is be VBZ 39033 1058 12 generally generally RB 39033 1058 13 45 45 CD 39033 1058 14 ° ° NNS 39033 1058 15 . . . 39033 1059 1 If if IN 39033 1059 2 the the DT 39033 1059 3 disc disc NN 39033 1059 4 is be VBZ 39033 1059 5 raised raise VBN 39033 1059 6 , , , 39033 1059 7 either either CC 39033 1059 8 by by IN 39033 1059 9 the the DT 39033 1059 10 action action NN 39033 1059 11 of of IN 39033 1059 12 the the DT 39033 1059 13 fluid fluid NN 39033 1059 14 as as IN 39033 1059 15 in in IN 39033 1059 16 the the DT 39033 1059 17 india india NNP 39033 1059 18 - - HYPH 39033 1059 19 rubber rubber NNP 39033 1059 20 valve valve NN 39033 1059 21 , , , 39033 1059 22 or or CC 39033 1059 23 by by IN 39033 1059 24 other other JJ 39033 1059 25 means mean NNS 39033 1059 26 , , , 39033 1059 27 an an DT 39033 1059 28 opening opening NN 39033 1059 29 is be VBZ 39033 1059 30 formed form VBN 39033 1059 31 around around IN 39033 1059 32 the the DT 39033 1059 33 disc disc NN 39033 1059 34 through through IN 39033 1059 35 which which WDT 39033 1059 36 the the DT 39033 1059 37 fluid fluid NN 39033 1059 38 can can MD 39033 1059 39 pass pass VB 39033 1059 40 . . . 39033 1060 1 The the DT 39033 1060 2 valve valve NN 39033 1060 3 is be VBZ 39033 1060 4 guided guide VBN 39033 1060 5 in in IN 39033 1060 6 rising rise VBG 39033 1060 7 and and CC 39033 1060 8 falling fall VBG 39033 1060 9 either either CC 39033 1060 10 by by IN 39033 1060 11 three three CD 39033 1060 12 feathers feather NNS 39033 1060 13 underneath underneath IN 39033 1060 14 it -PRON- PRP 39033 1060 15 , , , 39033 1060 16 as as IN 39033 1060 17 in in IN 39033 1060 18 fig fig NN 39033 1060 19 . . . 39033 1061 1 56 56 CD 39033 1061 2 , , , 39033 1061 3 or or CC 39033 1061 4 by by IN 39033 1061 5 a a DT 39033 1061 6 central central JJ 39033 1061 7 spindle spindle NN 39033 1061 8 which which WDT 39033 1061 9 moves move VBZ 39033 1061 10 freely freely RB 39033 1061 11 through through IN 39033 1061 12 a a DT 39033 1061 13 hole hole NN 39033 1061 14 in in IN 39033 1061 15 the the DT 39033 1061 16 centre centre NN 39033 1061 17 of of IN 39033 1061 18 a a DT 39033 1061 19 bridge bridge NN 39033 1061 20 which which WDT 39033 1061 21 stretches stretch VBZ 39033 1061 22 across across IN 39033 1061 23 the the DT 39033 1061 24 seat seat NN 39033 1061 25 , , , 39033 1061 26 as as IN 39033 1061 27 in in IN 39033 1061 28 fig fig NN 39033 1061 29 . . . 39033 1062 1 57 57 CD 39033 1062 2 . . . 39033 1063 1 The the DT 39033 1063 2 lift lift NN 39033 1063 3 of of IN 39033 1063 4 the the DT 39033 1063 5 valve valve NN 39033 1063 6 is be VBZ 39033 1063 7 limited limit VBN 39033 1063 8 by by IN 39033 1063 9 a a DT 39033 1063 10 stop stop NN 39033 1063 11 above above IN 39033 1063 12 it -PRON- PRP 39033 1063 13 , , , 39033 1063 14 which which WDT 39033 1063 15 forms form VBZ 39033 1063 16 part part NN 39033 1063 17 of of IN 39033 1063 18 the the DT 39033 1063 19 casing casing NN 39033 1063 20 containing contain VBG 39033 1063 21 the the DT 39033 1063 22 valve valve NN 39033 1063 23 . . . 39033 1064 1 The the DT 39033 1064 2 lift lift NN 39033 1064 3 should should MD 39033 1064 4 in in IN 39033 1064 5 no no DT 39033 1064 6 case case NN 39033 1064 7 exceed exceed VB 39033 1064 8 one one CD 39033 1064 9 - - HYPH 39033 1064 10 fourth fourth NN 39033 1064 11 of of IN 39033 1064 12 the the DT 39033 1064 13 diameter diameter NN 39033 1064 14 of of IN 39033 1064 15 the the DT 39033 1064 16 valve valve NN 39033 1064 17 , , , 39033 1064 18 and and CC 39033 1064 19 it -PRON- PRP 39033 1064 20 is be VBZ 39033 1064 21 generally generally RB 39033 1064 22 much much RB 39033 1064 23 less less JJR 39033 1064 24 than than IN 39033 1064 25 this this DT 39033 1064 26 . . . 39033 1065 1 The the DT 39033 1065 2 guiding guide VBG 39033 1065 3 feathers feather NNS 39033 1065 4 ( ( -LRB- 39033 1065 5 fig fig NN 39033 1065 6 . . . 39033 1066 1 56 56 LS 39033 1066 2 ) ) -RRB- 39033 1066 3 are be VBP 39033 1066 4 notched notch VBN 39033 1066 5 immediately immediately RB 39033 1066 6 under under IN 39033 1066 7 the the DT 39033 1066 8 disc disc NN 39033 1066 9 for for IN 39033 1066 10 the the DT 39033 1066 11 purpose purpose NN 39033 1066 12 of of IN 39033 1066 13 making make VBG 39033 1066 14 available available JJ 39033 1066 15 the the DT 39033 1066 16 full full JJ 39033 1066 17 circumferential circumferential JJ 39033 1066 18 opening opening NN 39033 1066 19 of of IN 39033 1066 20 the the DT 39033 1066 21 valve valve NN 39033 1066 22 for for IN 39033 1066 23 the the DT 39033 1066 24 passage passage NN 39033 1066 25 of of IN 39033 1066 26 the the DT 39033 1066 27 fluid fluid NN 39033 1066 28 . . . 39033 1067 1 These these DT 39033 1067 2 notches notch NNS 39033 1067 3 also also RB 39033 1067 4 prevent prevent VBP 39033 1067 5 the the DT 39033 1067 6 feathers feather NNS 39033 1067 7 from from IN 39033 1067 8 interfering interfere VBG 39033 1067 9 with with IN 39033 1067 10 the the DT 39033 1067 11 turning turning NN 39033 1067 12 or or CC 39033 1067 13 scraping scraping NN 39033 1067 14 of of IN 39033 1067 15 the the DT 39033 1067 16 valve valve NN 39033 1067 17 face face NN 39033 1067 18 . . . 39033 1068 1 Conical conical JJ 39033 1068 2 disc disc NN 39033 1068 3 valves valve NNS 39033 1068 4 and and CC 39033 1068 5 their -PRON- PRP$ 39033 1068 6 seats seat NNS 39033 1068 7 are be VBP 39033 1068 8 nearly nearly RB 39033 1068 9 always always RB 39033 1068 10 made make VBN 39033 1068 11 of of IN 39033 1068 12 brass brass NN 39033 1068 13 . . . 39033 1069 1 EXERCISE EXERCISE NNP 39033 1069 2 58 58 CD 39033 1069 3 : : : 39033 1069 4 _ _ NNP 39033 1069 5 Conical Conical NNP 39033 1069 6 Disc Disc NNP 39033 1069 7 Valves._--Draw Valves._--Draw NNP 39033 1069 8 , , , 39033 1069 9 half half NN 39033 1069 10 size size NN 39033 1069 11 , , , 39033 1069 12 the the DT 39033 1069 13 plans plan NNS 39033 1069 14 and and CC 39033 1069 15 elevations elevation NNS 39033 1069 16 shown show VBN 39033 1069 17 in in IN 39033 1069 18 figs fig NNS 39033 1069 19 . . . 39033 1070 1 56 56 CD 39033 1070 2 and and CC 39033 1070 3 57 57 CD 39033 1070 4 . . . 39033 1071 1 In in IN 39033 1071 2 fig fig NN 39033 1071 3 . . . 39033 1072 1 57 57 CD 39033 1072 2 the the DT 39033 1072 3 valve valve NN 39033 1072 4 is be VBZ 39033 1072 5 shown show VBN 39033 1072 6 open open JJ 39033 1072 7 in in IN 39033 1072 8 the the DT 39033 1072 9 elevation elevation NN 39033 1072 10 , , , 39033 1072 11 and and CC 39033 1072 12 in in IN 39033 1072 13 the the DT 39033 1072 14 plan plan NN 39033 1072 15 it -PRON- PRP 39033 1072 16 is be VBZ 39033 1072 17 removed remove VBN 39033 1072 18 altogether altogether RB 39033 1072 19 in in IN 39033 1072 20 order order NN 39033 1072 21 to to TO 39033 1072 22 show show VB 39033 1072 23 the the DT 39033 1072 24 seat seat NN 39033 1072 25 with with IN 39033 1072 26 its -PRON- PRP$ 39033 1072 27 guide guide NN 39033 1072 28 bridge bridge NN 39033 1072 29 . . . 39033 1073 1 [ [ -LRB- 39033 1073 2 Illustration illustration NN 39033 1073 3 : : : 39033 1073 4 Plan plan NN 39033 1073 5 of of IN 39033 1073 6 Valve Valve NNP 39033 1073 7 . . . 39033 1074 1 FIG FIG NNP 39033 1074 2 . . . 39033 1075 1 56 56 CD 39033 1075 2 . . . 39033 1075 3 ] ] -RRB- 39033 1076 1 [ [ -LRB- 39033 1076 2 Illustration illustration NN 39033 1076 3 : : : 39033 1076 4 Plan plan NN 39033 1076 5 of of IN 39033 1076 6 Seat Seat NNP 39033 1076 7 . . . 39033 1077 1 FIG FIG NNP 39033 1077 2 . . . 39033 1078 1 57 57 CD 39033 1078 2 . . . 39033 1078 3 ] ] -RRB- 39033 1079 1 _ _ NNP 39033 1079 2 Simple Simple NNP 39033 1079 3 Slide Slide NNP 39033 1079 4 Valve._--The valve._--the CD 39033 1079 5 form form NN 39033 1079 6 of of IN 39033 1079 7 valve valve NN 39033 1079 8 shown show VBN 39033 1079 9 in in IN 39033 1079 10 fig fig NN 39033 1079 11 . . . 39033 1080 1 58 58 CD 39033 1080 2 , , , 39033 1080 3 often often RB 39033 1080 4 called call VBD 39033 1080 5 the the DT 39033 1080 6 _ _ NNP 39033 1080 7 locomotive locomotive JJ 39033 1080 8 slide slide NN 39033 1080 9 valve valve NN 39033 1080 10 _ _ NNP 39033 1080 11 , , , 39033 1080 12 is be VBZ 39033 1080 13 very very RB 39033 1080 14 largely largely RB 39033 1080 15 used use VBN 39033 1080 16 in in IN 39033 1080 17 all all DT 39033 1080 18 classes class NNS 39033 1080 19 of of IN 39033 1080 20 steam steam NN 39033 1080 21 - - HYPH 39033 1080 22 engines engine NNS 39033 1080 23 for for IN 39033 1080 24 distributing distribute VBG 39033 1080 25 the the DT 39033 1080 26 steam steam NN 39033 1080 27 in in IN 39033 1080 28 the the DT 39033 1080 29 steam steam NN 39033 1080 30 cylinders cylinder NNS 39033 1080 31 . . . 39033 1081 1 The the DT 39033 1081 2 valve valve NN 39033 1081 3 is be VBZ 39033 1081 4 shown show VBN 39033 1081 5 separately separately RB 39033 1081 6 at at IN 39033 1081 7 ( ( -LRB- 39033 1081 8 _ _ NNP 39033 1081 9 d d NNP 39033 1081 10 _ _ NNP 39033 1081 11 ) ) -RRB- 39033 1081 12 , , , 39033 1081 13 ( ( -LRB- 39033 1081 14 _ _ NNP 39033 1081 15 e e NNP 39033 1081 16 _ _ NNP 39033 1081 17 ) ) -RRB- 39033 1081 18 , , , 39033 1081 19 and and CC 39033 1081 20 ( ( -LRB- 39033 1081 21 _ _ NNP 39033 1081 22 f f NNP 39033 1081 23 _ _ NNP 39033 1081 24 ) ) -RRB- 39033 1081 25 , , , 39033 1081 26 while while IN 39033 1081 27 at at IN 39033 1081 28 ( ( -LRB- 39033 1081 29 _ _ NNP 39033 1081 30 a a DT 39033 1081 31 _ _ NNP 39033 1081 32 ) ) -RRB- 39033 1081 33 , , , 39033 1081 34 ( ( -LRB- 39033 1081 35 _ _ NNP 39033 1081 36 b b NNP 39033 1081 37 _ _ NNP 39033 1081 38 ) ) -RRB- 39033 1081 39 , , , 39033 1081 40 and and CC 39033 1081 41 ( ( -LRB- 39033 1081 42 _ _ NNP 39033 1081 43 c c NNP 39033 1081 44 _ _ NNP 39033 1081 45 ) ) -RRB- 39033 1081 46 is be VBZ 39033 1081 47 shown show VBN 39033 1081 48 its -PRON- PRP$ 39033 1081 49 connection connection NN 39033 1081 50 with with IN 39033 1081 51 the the DT 39033 1081 52 steam steam NN 39033 1081 53 cylinder cylinder NN 39033 1081 54 . . . 39033 1082 1 It -PRON- PRP 39033 1082 2 will will MD 39033 1082 3 be be VB 39033 1082 4 observed observe VBN 39033 1082 5 that that IN 39033 1082 6 the the DT 39033 1082 7 valve valve NN 39033 1082 8 itself -PRON- PRP 39033 1082 9 is be VBZ 39033 1082 10 in in IN 39033 1082 11 the the DT 39033 1082 12 shape shape NN 39033 1082 13 of of IN 39033 1082 14 a a DT 39033 1082 15 box box NN 39033 1082 16 with with IN 39033 1082 17 one one CD 39033 1082 18 side side NN 39033 1082 19 open open JJ 39033 1082 20 , , , 39033 1082 21 the the DT 39033 1082 22 edges edge NNS 39033 1082 23 of of IN 39033 1082 24 the the DT 39033 1082 25 open open JJ 39033 1082 26 side side NN 39033 1082 27 being be VBG 39033 1082 28 flanged flange VBN 39033 1082 29 . . . 39033 1083 1 When when WRB 39033 1083 2 the the DT 39033 1083 3 valve valve NN 39033 1083 4 is be VBZ 39033 1083 5 in in IN 39033 1083 6 its -PRON- PRP$ 39033 1083 7 middle middle JJ 39033 1083 8 position position NN 39033 1083 9 , , , 39033 1083 10 as as IN 39033 1083 11 shown show VBN 39033 1083 12 at at IN 39033 1083 13 ( ( -LRB- 39033 1083 14 _ _ NNP 39033 1083 15 a a DT 39033 1083 16 _ _ NNP 39033 1083 17 ) ) -RRB- 39033 1083 18 , , , 39033 1083 19 two two CD 39033 1083 20 of of IN 39033 1083 21 these these DT 39033 1083 22 flanged flange VBN 39033 1083 23 edges edge NNS 39033 1083 24 completely completely RB 39033 1083 25 cover cover VBP 39033 1083 26 two two CD 39033 1083 27 rectangular rectangular JJ 39033 1083 28 openings opening NNS 39033 1083 29 S_{1 S_{1 NNP 39033 1083 30 } } -RRB- 39033 1083 31 and and CC 39033 1083 32 S_{2 S_{2 NNP 39033 1083 33 } } -RRB- 39033 1083 34 , , , 39033 1083 35 called call VBN 39033 1083 36 _ _ NNP 39033 1083 37 steam steam NN 39033 1083 38 ports port NNS 39033 1083 39 _ _ NNP 39033 1083 40 , , , 39033 1083 41 while while IN 39033 1083 42 the the DT 39033 1083 43 hollow hollow JJ 39033 1083 44 part part NN 39033 1083 45 of of IN 39033 1083 46 the the DT 39033 1083 47 valve valve NN 39033 1083 48 is be VBZ 39033 1083 49 opposite opposite JJ 39033 1083 50 to to IN 39033 1083 51 a a DT 39033 1083 52 third third JJ 39033 1083 53 port port NN 39033 1083 54 E e NN 39033 1083 55 , , , 39033 1083 56 called call VBD 39033 1083 57 the the DT 39033 1083 58 _ _ NNP 39033 1083 59 exhaust exhaust NN 39033 1083 60 port port NN 39033 1083 61 _ _ NNP 39033 1083 62 . . . 39033 1084 1 As as IN 39033 1084 2 shown show VBN 39033 1084 3 at at IN 39033 1084 4 ( ( -LRB- 39033 1084 5 _ _ NNP 39033 1084 6 a a DT 39033 1084 7 _ _ NNP 39033 1084 8 ) ) -RRB- 39033 1084 9 the the DT 39033 1084 10 piston piston NN 39033 1084 11 P p NN 39033 1084 12 would would MD 39033 1084 13 be be VB 39033 1084 14 moving move VBG 39033 1084 15 upwards upwards RB 39033 1084 16 and and CC 39033 1084 17 the the DT 39033 1084 18 valve valve NN 39033 1084 19 downwards downwards RB 39033 1084 20 . . . 39033 1085 1 By by IN 39033 1085 2 the the DT 39033 1085 3 time time NN 39033 1085 4 the the DT 39033 1085 5 piston piston NN 39033 1085 6 has have VBZ 39033 1085 7 reached reach VBN 39033 1085 8 the the DT 39033 1085 9 top top NN 39033 1085 10 of of IN 39033 1085 11 its -PRON- PRP$ 39033 1085 12 stroke stroke NN 39033 1085 13 the the DT 39033 1085 14 valve valve NN 39033 1085 15 will will MD 39033 1085 16 have have VB 39033 1085 17 moved move VBN 39033 1085 18 so so RB 39033 1085 19 far far RB 39033 1085 20 down down RB 39033 1085 21 as as IN 39033 1085 22 to to TO 39033 1085 23 partly partly RB 39033 1085 24 uncover uncover VB 39033 1085 25 the the DT 39033 1085 26 steam steam NN 39033 1085 27 port port NN 39033 1085 28 S_{1 S_{1 NNP 39033 1085 29 } } -RRB- 39033 1085 30 , , , 39033 1085 31 and and CC 39033 1085 32 admit admit VB 39033 1085 33 steam steam NN 39033 1085 34 from from IN 39033 1085 35 the the DT 39033 1085 36 valve valve NN 39033 1085 37 casing case VBG 39033 1085 38 C C NNP 39033 1085 39 through through IN 39033 1085 40 S_{1 S_{1 NNP 39033 1085 41 } } -RRB- 39033 1085 42 and and CC 39033 1085 43 the the DT 39033 1085 44 passage passage NN 39033 1085 45 P_{1 P_{1 NNP 39033 1085 46 } } -RRB- 39033 1085 47 to to IN 39033 1085 48 the the DT 39033 1085 49 top top NN 39033 1085 50 of of IN 39033 1085 51 the the DT 39033 1085 52 piston piston NN 39033 1085 53 . . . 39033 1086 1 The the DT 39033 1086 2 pressure pressure NN 39033 1086 3 of of IN 39033 1086 4 this this DT 39033 1086 5 steam steam NN 39033 1086 6 on on IN 39033 1086 7 the the DT 39033 1086 8 top top NN 39033 1086 9 of of IN 39033 1086 10 the the DT 39033 1086 11 piston piston NN 39033 1086 12 will will MD 39033 1086 13 force force VB 39033 1086 14 the the DT 39033 1086 15 latter latter JJ 39033 1086 16 down down RP 39033 1086 17 . . . 39033 1087 1 While while IN 39033 1087 2 the the DT 39033 1087 3 above above JJ 39033 1087 4 action action NN 39033 1087 5 has have VBZ 39033 1087 6 been be VBN 39033 1087 7 going go VBG 39033 1087 8 on on RP 39033 1087 9 , , , 39033 1087 10 the the DT 39033 1087 11 port port NN 39033 1087 12 S_{2 S_{2 NNP 39033 1087 13 } } -RRB- 39033 1087 14 will will MD 39033 1087 15 have have VB 39033 1087 16 become become VBN 39033 1087 17 uncovered uncovered JJ 39033 1087 18 , , , 39033 1087 19 and and CC 39033 1087 20 the the DT 39033 1087 21 hollow hollow JJ 39033 1087 22 part part NN 39033 1087 23 of of IN 39033 1087 24 the the DT 39033 1087 25 valve valve NN 39033 1087 26 will will MD 39033 1087 27 be be VB 39033 1087 28 opposite opposite IN 39033 1087 29 both both DT 39033 1087 30 the the DT 39033 1087 31 steam steam NN 39033 1087 32 port port NN 39033 1087 33 S_{2 S_{2 NNP 39033 1087 34 } } -RRB- 39033 1087 35 and and CC 39033 1087 36 the the DT 39033 1087 37 exhaust exhaust NN 39033 1087 38 port port NN 39033 1087 39 E e NN 39033 1087 40 , , , 39033 1087 41 so so IN 39033 1087 42 that that IN 39033 1087 43 the the DT 39033 1087 44 steam steam NN 39033 1087 45 from from IN 39033 1087 46 the the DT 39033 1087 47 under under JJ 39033 1087 48 side side NN 39033 1087 49 of of IN 39033 1087 50 the the DT 39033 1087 51 piston piston NN 39033 1087 52 , , , 39033 1087 53 and and CC 39033 1087 54 which which WDT 39033 1087 55 forced force VBD 39033 1087 56 the the DT 39033 1087 57 piston piston NN 39033 1087 58 up up RP 39033 1087 59 , , , 39033 1087 60 can can MD 39033 1087 61 now now RB 39033 1087 62 escape escape VB 39033 1087 63 by by IN 39033 1087 64 the the DT 39033 1087 65 passage passage NN 39033 1087 66 P_{2 P_{2 NNP 39033 1087 67 } } -RRB- 39033 1087 68 , , , 39033 1087 69 the the DT 39033 1087 70 steam steam NN 39033 1087 71 port port NN 39033 1087 72 S_{2 S_{2 NNP 39033 1087 73 } } -RRB- 39033 1087 74 , , , 39033 1087 75 and and CC 39033 1087 76 the the DT 39033 1087 77 exhaust exhaust NN 39033 1087 78 port port NN 39033 1087 79 E e NN 39033 1087 80 to to IN 39033 1087 81 the the DT 39033 1087 82 exhaust exhaust NN 39033 1087 83 outlet outlet NN 39033 1087 84 O o UH 39033 1087 85 , , , 39033 1087 86 and and CC 39033 1087 87 thence thence NN 39033 1087 88 into into IN 39033 1087 89 the the DT 39033 1087 90 atmosphere atmosphere NN 39033 1087 91 , , , 39033 1087 92 if if IN 39033 1087 93 it -PRON- PRP 39033 1087 94 is be VBZ 39033 1087 95 a a DT 39033 1087 96 non non JJ 39033 1087 97 - - JJ 39033 1087 98 condensing condensing JJ 39033 1087 99 engine engine NN 39033 1087 100 , , , 39033 1087 101 or or CC 39033 1087 102 into into IN 39033 1087 103 the the DT 39033 1087 104 condenser condenser NN 39033 1087 105 if if IN 39033 1087 106 it -PRON- PRP 39033 1087 107 is be VBZ 39033 1087 108 a a DT 39033 1087 109 condensing condense VBG 39033 1087 110 engine engine NN 39033 1087 111 , , , 39033 1087 112 or or CC 39033 1087 113 into into IN 39033 1087 114 another another DT 39033 1087 115 cylinder cylinder NN 39033 1087 116 if if IN 39033 1087 117 it -PRON- PRP 39033 1087 118 is be VBZ 39033 1087 119 a a DT 39033 1087 120 compound compound NN 39033 1087 121 engine engine NN 39033 1087 122 . . . 39033 1088 1 After after IN 39033 1088 2 the the DT 39033 1088 3 piston piston NN 39033 1088 4 has have VBZ 39033 1088 5 performed perform VBN 39033 1088 6 , , , 39033 1088 7 a a DT 39033 1088 8 certain certain JJ 39033 1088 9 part part NN 39033 1088 10 of of IN 39033 1088 11 its -PRON- PRP$ 39033 1088 12 downward downward JJ 39033 1088 13 stroke stroke NN 39033 1088 14 , , , 39033 1088 15 the the DT 39033 1088 16 valve valve NN 39033 1088 17 , , , 39033 1088 18 which which WDT 39033 1088 19 has have VBZ 39033 1088 20 been be VBN 39033 1088 21 moving move VBG 39033 1088 22 downwards downwards RB 39033 1088 23 , , , 39033 1088 24 will will MD 39033 1088 25 commence commence VB 39033 1088 26 to to TO 39033 1088 27 move move VB 39033 1088 28 upwards upwards RB 39033 1088 29 , , , 39033 1088 30 and and CC 39033 1088 31 when when WRB 39033 1088 32 it -PRON- PRP 39033 1088 33 has have VBZ 39033 1088 34 reached reach VBN 39033 1088 35 a a DT 39033 1088 36 certain certain JJ 39033 1088 37 point point NN 39033 1088 38 it -PRON- PRP 39033 1088 39 will will MD 39033 1088 40 cover cover VB 39033 1088 41 the the DT 39033 1088 42 port port NN 39033 1088 43 S_{1 S_{1 NNP 39033 1088 44 } } -RRB- 39033 1088 45 , , , 39033 1088 46 and and CC 39033 1088 47 shut shut VBD 39033 1088 48 off off RP 39033 1088 49 the the DT 39033 1088 50 supply supply NN 39033 1088 51 of of IN 39033 1088 52 steam steam NN 39033 1088 53 to to IN 39033 1088 54 the the DT 39033 1088 55 top top NN 39033 1088 56 of of IN 39033 1088 57 the the DT 39033 1088 58 piston piston NN 39033 1088 59 . . . 39033 1089 1 It -PRON- PRP 39033 1089 2 is be VBZ 39033 1089 3 generally generally RB 39033 1089 4 arranged arrange VBN 39033 1089 5 that that IN 39033 1089 6 the the DT 39033 1089 7 steam steam NN 39033 1089 8 shall shall MD 39033 1089 9 be be VB 39033 1089 10 cut cut VBN 39033 1089 11 off off RP 39033 1089 12 before before IN 39033 1089 13 the the DT 39033 1089 14 piston piston NN 39033 1089 15 reaches reach VBZ 39033 1089 16 the the DT 39033 1089 17 end end NN 39033 1089 18 of of IN 39033 1089 19 the the DT 39033 1089 20 stroke stroke NN 39033 1089 21 . . . 39033 1090 1 When when WRB 39033 1090 2 the the DT 39033 1090 3 piston piston NN 39033 1090 4 reaches reach VBZ 39033 1090 5 the the DT 39033 1090 6 bottom bottom NN 39033 1090 7 of of IN 39033 1090 8 its -PRON- PRP$ 39033 1090 9 stroke stroke NN 39033 1090 10 the the DT 39033 1090 11 valve valve NN 39033 1090 12 has have VBZ 39033 1090 13 moved move VBN 39033 1090 14 far far RB 39033 1090 15 enough enough RB 39033 1090 16 up up RB 39033 1090 17 to to TO 39033 1090 18 uncover uncover VB 39033 1090 19 the the DT 39033 1090 20 port port NN 39033 1090 21 S_{2 S_{2 NNP 39033 1090 22 } } -RRB- 39033 1090 23 and and CC 39033 1090 24 admit admit VB 39033 1090 25 steam steam NN 39033 1090 26 to to IN 39033 1090 27 the the DT 39033 1090 28 bottom bottom NN 39033 1090 29 of of IN 39033 1090 30 the the DT 39033 1090 31 piston piston NN 39033 1090 32 , , , 39033 1090 33 and and CC 39033 1090 34 to to TO 39033 1090 35 uncover uncover VB 39033 1090 36 the the DT 39033 1090 37 port port NN 39033 1090 38 S_{1 S_{1 NNP 39033 1090 39 } } -RRB- 39033 1090 40 and and CC 39033 1090 41 allow allow VB 39033 1090 42 the the DT 39033 1090 43 steam steam NN 39033 1090 44 to to TO 39033 1090 45 escape escape VB 39033 1090 46 from from IN 39033 1090 47 the the DT 39033 1090 48 top top NN 39033 1090 49 of of IN 39033 1090 50 the the DT 39033 1090 51 piston piston NN 39033 1090 52 through through IN 39033 1090 53 the the DT 39033 1090 54 passage passage NN 39033 1090 55 P_{1 P_{1 NNP 39033 1090 56 } } -RRB- 39033 1090 57 , , , 39033 1090 58 the the DT 39033 1090 59 port port NN 39033 1090 60 S_{1 S_{1 NNP 39033 1090 61 } } -RRB- 39033 1090 62 , , , 39033 1090 63 the the DT 39033 1090 64 port port NN 39033 1090 65 E e NN 39033 1090 66 , , , 39033 1090 67 and and CC 39033 1090 68 outlet outlet NN 39033 1090 69 O. O. NNP 39033 1091 1 In in IN 39033 1091 2 this this DT 39033 1091 3 way way NN 39033 1091 4 the the DT 39033 1091 5 piston piston NN 39033 1091 6 is be VBZ 39033 1091 7 moved move VBN 39033 1091 8 up up RB 39033 1091 9 and and CC 39033 1091 10 down down RB 39033 1091 11 in in IN 39033 1091 12 the the DT 39033 1091 13 cylinder cylinder NN 39033 1091 14 . . . 39033 1092 1 The the DT 39033 1092 2 valve valve NN 39033 1092 3 is be VBZ 39033 1092 4 attached attach VBN 39033 1092 5 to to IN 39033 1092 6 a a DT 39033 1092 7 valve valve NN 39033 1092 8 spindle spindle NN 39033 1092 9 S S NNP 39033 1092 10 by by IN 39033 1092 11 nuts nut NNS 39033 1092 12 as as IN 39033 1092 13 shown show VBN 39033 1092 14 , , , 39033 1092 15 the the DT 39033 1092 16 hole hole NN 39033 1092 17 in in IN 39033 1092 18 the the DT 39033 1092 19 valve valve NN 39033 1092 20 through through IN 39033 1092 21 which which WDT 39033 1092 22 the the DT 39033 1092 23 spindle spindle NN 39033 1092 24 passes pass VBZ 39033 1092 25 being be VBG 39033 1092 26 oval oval NN 39033 1092 27 - - HYPH 39033 1092 28 shaped shape VBN 39033 1092 29 to to TO 39033 1092 30 permit permit VB 39033 1092 31 of of IN 39033 1092 32 the the DT 39033 1092 33 valve valve NN 39033 1092 34 adjusting adjust VBG 39033 1092 35 itself -PRON- PRP 39033 1092 36 so so IN 39033 1092 37 as as IN 39033 1092 38 to to TO 39033 1092 39 always always RB 39033 1092 40 press press VB 39033 1092 41 on on IN 39033 1092 42 its -PRON- PRP$ 39033 1092 43 seat seat NN 39033 1092 44 . . . 39033 1093 1 When when WRB 39033 1093 2 the the DT 39033 1093 3 valve valve NN 39033 1093 4 is be VBZ 39033 1093 5 in in IN 39033 1093 6 its -PRON- PRP$ 39033 1093 7 middle middle JJ 39033 1093 8 position position NN 39033 1093 9 it -PRON- PRP 39033 1093 10 generally generally RB 39033 1093 11 more more RBR 39033 1093 12 than than IN 39033 1093 13 covers cover VBZ 39033 1093 14 the the DT 39033 1093 15 steam steam NN 39033 1093 16 ports port NNS 39033 1093 17 . . . 39033 1094 1 The the DT 39033 1094 2 amount amount NN 39033 1094 3 which which WDT 39033 1094 4 the the DT 39033 1094 5 valve valve NN 39033 1094 6 projects project NNS 39033 1094 7 over over IN 39033 1094 8 the the DT 39033 1094 9 steam steam NN 39033 1094 10 port port NN 39033 1094 11 on on IN 39033 1094 12 the the DT 39033 1094 13 outside outside NN 39033 1094 14 , , , 39033 1094 15 the the DT 39033 1094 16 valve valve NN 39033 1094 17 being be VBG 39033 1094 18 in in IN 39033 1094 19 its -PRON- PRP$ 39033 1094 20 middle middle JJ 39033 1094 21 position position NN 39033 1094 22 , , , 39033 1094 23 is be VBZ 39033 1094 24 called call VBN 39033 1094 25 the the DT 39033 1094 26 _ _ NNP 39033 1094 27 outside outside JJ 39033 1094 28 lap lap NNP 39033 1094 29 _ _ NNP 39033 1094 30 of of IN 39033 1094 31 the the DT 39033 1094 32 valve valve NN 39033 1094 33 , , , 39033 1094 34 and and CC 39033 1094 35 the the DT 39033 1094 36 amount amount NN 39033 1094 37 which which WDT 39033 1094 38 it -PRON- PRP 39033 1094 39 projects project VBZ 39033 1094 40 on on IN 39033 1094 41 the the DT 39033 1094 42 inside inside NN 39033 1094 43 is be VBZ 39033 1094 44 called call VBN 39033 1094 45 the the DT 39033 1094 46 _ _ NNP 39033 1094 47 inside inside JJ 39033 1094 48 lap lap NNP 39033 1094 49 _ _ NNP 39033 1094 50 . . . 39033 1095 1 When when WRB 39033 1095 2 the the DT 39033 1095 3 term term NN 39033 1095 4 lap lap NN 39033 1095 5 is be VBZ 39033 1095 6 used use VBN 39033 1095 7 without without IN 39033 1095 8 any any DT 39033 1095 9 qualification qualification NN 39033 1095 10 , , , 39033 1095 11 outside outside JJ 39033 1095 12 lap lap NN 39033 1095 13 is be VBZ 39033 1095 14 to to TO 39033 1095 15 be be VB 39033 1095 16 understood understand VBN 39033 1095 17 . . . 39033 1096 1 In in IN 39033 1096 2 fig fig NN 39033 1096 3 . . . 39033 1097 1 58 58 CD 39033 1097 2 it -PRON- PRP 39033 1097 3 will will MD 39033 1097 4 be be VB 39033 1097 5 seen see VBN 39033 1097 6 that that IN 39033 1097 7 the the DT 39033 1097 8 valve valve NN 39033 1097 9 has have VBZ 39033 1097 10 no no DT 39033 1097 11 inside inside JJ 39033 1097 12 lap lap NN 39033 1097 13 , , , 39033 1097 14 and and CC 39033 1097 15 that that IN 39033 1097 16 the the DT 39033 1097 17 outside outside JJ 39033 1097 18 lap lap NN 39033 1097 19 is be VBZ 39033 1097 20 three three CD 39033 1097 21 - - HYPH 39033 1097 22 eighths eighth NNS 39033 1097 23 of of IN 39033 1097 24 an an DT 39033 1097 25 inch inch NN 39033 1097 26 . . . 39033 1098 1 The the DT 39033 1098 2 inside inside JJ 39033 1098 3 lap lap NN 39033 1098 4 is be VBZ 39033 1098 5 generally generally RB 39033 1098 6 small small JJ 39033 1098 7 compared compare VBN 39033 1098 8 with with IN 39033 1098 9 the the DT 39033 1098 10 outside outside JJ 39033 1098 11 lap lap NN 39033 1098 12 . . . 39033 1099 1 [ [ -LRB- 39033 1099 2 Illustration illustration NN 39033 1099 3 : : : 39033 1099 4 FIG FIG NNP 39033 1099 5 . . . 39033 1100 1 58 58 CD 39033 1100 2 . . . 39033 1100 3 ] ] -RRB- 39033 1101 1 When when WRB 39033 1101 2 the the DT 39033 1101 3 piston piston NN 39033 1101 4 is be VBZ 39033 1101 5 at at IN 39033 1101 6 the the DT 39033 1101 7 beginning beginning NN 39033 1101 8 of of IN 39033 1101 9 its -PRON- PRP$ 39033 1101 10 stroke stroke NN 39033 1101 11 the the DT 39033 1101 12 steam steam NN 39033 1101 13 port port NN 39033 1101 14 is be VBZ 39033 1101 15 generally generally RB 39033 1101 16 open open JJ 39033 1101 17 by by IN 39033 1101 18 a a DT 39033 1101 19 small small JJ 39033 1101 20 amount amount NN 39033 1101 21 called call VBN 39033 1101 22 the the DT 39033 1101 23 _ _ NNP 39033 1101 24 lead lead NN 39033 1101 25 _ _ NNP 39033 1101 26 of of IN 39033 1101 27 the the DT 39033 1101 28 valve valve NN 39033 1101 29 . . . 39033 1102 1 The the DT 39033 1102 2 reciprocating reciprocate VBG 39033 1102 3 motion motion NN 39033 1102 4 of of IN 39033 1102 5 the the DT 39033 1102 6 slide slide NN 39033 1102 7 valve valve NN 39033 1102 8 is be VBZ 39033 1102 9 nearly nearly RB 39033 1102 10 always always RB 39033 1102 11 derived derive VBN 39033 1102 12 from from IN 39033 1102 13 an an DT 39033 1102 14 eccentric eccentric JJ 39033 1102 15 fixed fix VBN 39033 1102 16 on on IN 39033 1102 17 the the DT 39033 1102 18 crank crank NN 39033 1102 19 - - HYPH 39033 1102 20 shaft shaft NN 39033 1102 21 of of IN 39033 1102 22 the the DT 39033 1102 23 engine engine NN 39033 1102 24 . . . 39033 1103 1 Slide slide NN 39033 1103 2 valves valve NNS 39033 1103 3 are be VBP 39033 1103 4 generally generally RB 39033 1103 5 made make VBN 39033 1103 6 of of IN 39033 1103 7 brass brass NN 39033 1103 8 , , , 39033 1103 9 bronze bronze NN 39033 1103 10 , , , 39033 1103 11 or or CC 39033 1103 12 cast cast NN 39033 1103 13 iron iron NN 39033 1103 14 . . . 39033 1104 1 EXERCISE EXERCISE NNP 39033 1104 2 59 59 CD 39033 1104 3 : : : 39033 1104 4 _ _ NNP 39033 1104 5 Simple Simple NNP 39033 1104 6 Slide Slide NNP 39033 1104 7 Valve._--At valve._--at NN 39033 1104 8 ( ( -LRB- 39033 1104 9 _ _ NNP 39033 1104 10 d d NNP 39033 1104 11 _ _ NNP 39033 1104 12 ) ) -RRB- 39033 1104 13 , , , 39033 1104 14 fig fig NN 39033 1104 15 . . . 39033 1105 1 58 58 CD 39033 1105 2 , , , 39033 1105 3 is be VBZ 39033 1105 4 shown show VBN 39033 1105 5 a a DT 39033 1105 6 sectional sectional JJ 39033 1105 7 elevation elevation NN 39033 1105 8 of of IN 39033 1105 9 a a DT 39033 1105 10 simple simple JJ 39033 1105 11 slide slide NN 39033 1105 12 valve valve NN 39033 1105 13 for for IN 39033 1105 14 a a DT 39033 1105 15 steam steam NN 39033 1105 16 - - HYPH 39033 1105 17 engine engine NN 39033 1105 18 , , , 39033 1105 19 the the DT 39033 1105 20 section section NN 39033 1105 21 being be VBG 39033 1105 22 taken take VBN 39033 1105 23 through through IN 39033 1105 24 the the DT 39033 1105 25 centre centre NN 39033 1105 26 line line NN 39033 1105 27 of of IN 39033 1105 28 the the DT 39033 1105 29 valve valve NN 39033 1105 30 spindle spindle NN 39033 1105 31 , , , 39033 1105 32 while while IN 39033 1105 33 at at IN 39033 1105 34 ( ( -LRB- 39033 1105 35 _ _ NNP 39033 1105 36 e e NNP 39033 1105 37 _ _ NNP 39033 1105 38 ) ) -RRB- 39033 1105 39 is be VBZ 39033 1105 40 shown show VBN 39033 1105 41 a a DT 39033 1105 42 cross cross NN 39033 1105 43 section section NN 39033 1105 44 and and CC 39033 1105 45 elevation elevation NN 39033 1105 46 , , , 39033 1105 47 and and CC 39033 1105 48 at at IN 39033 1105 49 ( ( -LRB- 39033 1105 50 _ _ NNP 39033 1105 51 f f NNP 39033 1105 52 _ _ NNP 39033 1105 53 ) ) -RRB- 39033 1105 54 a a DT 39033 1105 55 plan plan NN 39033 1105 56 of of IN 39033 1105 57 the the DT 39033 1105 58 same same JJ 39033 1105 59 . . . 39033 1106 1 Draw draw VB 39033 1106 2 all all PDT 39033 1106 3 these these DT 39033 1106 4 views view NNS 39033 1106 5 full full JJ 39033 1106 6 size size NN 39033 1106 7 , , , 39033 1106 8 and and CC 39033 1106 9 also also RB 39033 1106 10 a a DT 39033 1106 11 sectional sectional JJ 39033 1106 12 elevation elevation NN 39033 1106 13 at at IN 39033 1106 14 A a DT 39033 1106 15 B. B. NNP 39033 1107 1 The the DT 39033 1107 2 valve valve NN 39033 1107 3 is be VBZ 39033 1107 4 made make VBN 39033 1107 5 of of IN 39033 1107 6 brass brass NN 39033 1107 7 , , , 39033 1107 8 and and CC 39033 1107 9 the the DT 39033 1107 10 valve valve NN 39033 1107 11 spindle spindle NN 39033 1107 12 and and CC 39033 1107 13 nuts nut NNS 39033 1107 14 of of IN 39033 1107 15 wrought wrought NN 39033 1107 16 iron iron NN 39033 1107 17 . . . 39033 1108 1 EXERCISE EXERCISE NNP 39033 1108 2 60 60 CD 39033 1108 3 : : : 39033 1108 4 _ _ NNP 39033 1108 5 Slide Slide NNP 39033 1108 6 Valve Valve NNP 39033 1108 7 Casing Casing NNP 39033 1108 8 , , , 39033 1108 9 & & CC 39033 1108 10 c. c. NNP 39033 1108 11 , , , 39033 1108 12 for for IN 39033 1108 13 Steam Steam NNP 39033 1108 14 - - HYPH 39033 1108 15 engine._--Draw engine._--Draw `` 39033 1108 16 , , , 39033 1108 17 half half NN 39033 1108 18 size size NN 39033 1108 19 , , , 39033 1108 20 the the DT 39033 1108 21 views view NNS 39033 1108 22 shown show VBN 39033 1108 23 at at IN 39033 1108 24 ( ( -LRB- 39033 1108 25 _ _ NNP 39033 1108 26 a a DT 39033 1108 27 _ _ NNP 39033 1108 28 ) ) -RRB- 39033 1108 29 , , , 39033 1108 30 ( ( -LRB- 39033 1108 31 _ _ NNP 39033 1108 32 b b NNP 39033 1108 33 _ _ NNP 39033 1108 34 ) ) -RRB- 39033 1108 35 , , , 39033 1108 36 and and CC 39033 1108 37 ( ( -LRB- 39033 1108 38 _ _ NNP 39033 1108 39 c c NNP 39033 1108 40 _ _ NNP 39033 1108 41 ) ) -RRB- 39033 1108 42 , , , 39033 1108 43 fig fig NN 39033 1108 44 . . . 39033 1109 1 58 58 CD 39033 1109 2 ; ; : 39033 1109 3 also also RB 39033 1109 4 a a DT 39033 1109 5 sectional sectional JJ 39033 1109 6 plan plan NN 39033 1109 7 at at IN 39033 1109 8 L L NNP 39033 1109 9 M. M. NNP 39033 1109 10 ( ( -LRB- 39033 1109 11 _ _ NNP 39033 1109 12 b b NNP 39033 1109 13 _ _ NNP 39033 1109 14 ) ) -RRB- 39033 1109 15 is be VBZ 39033 1109 16 an an DT 39033 1109 17 elevation elevation NN 39033 1109 18 of of IN 39033 1109 19 the the DT 39033 1109 20 valve valve NN 39033 1109 21 casing case VBG 39033 1109 22 with with IN 39033 1109 23 the the DT 39033 1109 24 cover cover NN 39033 1109 25 and and CC 39033 1109 26 the the DT 39033 1109 27 valve valve NN 39033 1109 28 removed remove VBN 39033 1109 29 . . . 39033 1110 1 ( ( -LRB- 39033 1110 2 _ _ NNP 39033 1110 3 a a DT 39033 1110 4 _ _ NNP 39033 1110 5 ) ) -RRB- 39033 1110 6 is be VBZ 39033 1110 7 a a DT 39033 1110 8 sectional sectional JJ 39033 1110 9 elevation elevation NN 39033 1110 10 , , , 39033 1110 11 the the DT 39033 1110 12 section section NN 39033 1110 13 being be VBG 39033 1110 14 taken take VBN 39033 1110 15 through through IN 39033 1110 16 the the DT 39033 1110 17 axes axis NNS 39033 1110 18 of of IN 39033 1110 19 the the DT 39033 1110 20 steam steam NN 39033 1110 21 cylinder cylinder NN 39033 1110 22 and and CC 39033 1110 23 valve valve NN 39033 1110 24 spindle spindle NN 39033 1110 25 . . . 39033 1111 1 ( ( -LRB- 39033 1111 2 _ _ NNP 39033 1111 3 c c NNP 39033 1111 4 _ _ NNP 39033 1111 5 ) ) -RRB- 39033 1111 6 is be VBZ 39033 1111 7 a a DT 39033 1111 8 sectional sectional JJ 39033 1111 9 plan plan NN 39033 1111 10 , , , 39033 1111 11 the the DT 39033 1111 12 section section NN 39033 1111 13 being be VBG 39033 1111 14 a a DT 39033 1111 15 horizontal horizontal JJ 39033 1111 16 one one CD 39033 1111 17 through through IN 39033 1111 18 the the DT 39033 1111 19 centre centre NN 39033 1111 20 of of IN 39033 1111 21 the the DT 39033 1111 22 exhaust exhaust NN 39033 1111 23 port port NN 39033 1111 24 . . . 39033 1112 1 The the DT 39033 1112 2 inlet inlet NN 39033 1112 3 and and CC 39033 1112 4 outlet outlet NN 39033 1112 5 for for IN 39033 1112 6 the the DT 39033 1112 7 steam steam NN 39033 1112 8 are be VBP 39033 1112 9 clearly clearly RB 39033 1112 10 shown show VBN 39033 1112 11 in in IN 39033 1112 12 the the DT 39033 1112 13 sectional sectional JJ 39033 1112 14 plan plan NN 39033 1112 15 : : : 39033 1112 16 in in IN 39033 1112 17 the the DT 39033 1112 18 sectional sectional JJ 39033 1112 19 elevation elevation NN 39033 1112 20 their -PRON- PRP$ 39033 1112 21 positions position NNS 39033 1112 22 are be VBP 39033 1112 23 shown show VBN 39033 1112 24 by by IN 39033 1112 25 dotted dotted JJ 39033 1112 26 circles circle NNS 39033 1112 27 . . . 39033 1113 1 The the DT 39033 1113 2 stroke stroke NN 39033 1113 3 of of IN 39033 1113 4 the the DT 39033 1113 5 piston piston NN 39033 1113 6 is be VBZ 39033 1113 7 in in IN 39033 1113 8 this this DT 39033 1113 9 case case NN 39033 1113 10 12 12 CD 39033 1113 11 inches inch NNS 39033 1113 12 , , , 39033 1113 13 so so IN 39033 1113 14 that that IN 39033 1113 15 from from IN 39033 1113 16 the the DT 39033 1113 17 dimensions dimension NNS 39033 1113 18 given give VBN 39033 1113 19 at at IN 39033 1113 20 ( ( -LRB- 39033 1113 21 _ _ NNP 39033 1113 22 a a DT 39033 1113 23 _ _ NNP 39033 1113 24 ) ) -RRB- 39033 1113 25 it -PRON- PRP 39033 1113 26 must must MD 39033 1113 27 come come VB 39033 1113 28 within within IN 39033 1113 29 a a DT 39033 1113 30 quarter quarter NN 39033 1113 31 of of IN 39033 1113 32 an an DT 39033 1113 33 inch inch NN 39033 1113 34 of of IN 39033 1113 35 each each DT 39033 1113 36 end end NN 39033 1113 37 of of IN 39033 1113 38 the the DT 39033 1113 39 cylinder cylinder NN 39033 1113 40 ; ; : 39033 1113 41 this this DT 39033 1113 42 is be VBZ 39033 1113 43 called call VBN 39033 1113 44 the the DT 39033 1113 45 _ _ NNP 39033 1113 46 cylinder cylinder NN 39033 1113 47 clearance clearance NN 39033 1113 48 _ _ NNP 39033 1113 49 . . . 39033 1114 1 The the DT 39033 1114 2 piston piston NN 39033 1114 3 has have VBZ 39033 1114 4 three three CD 39033 1114 5 Ramsbottom Ramsbottom NNP 39033 1114 6 rings ring NNS 39033 1114 7 , , , 39033 1114 8 a a DT 39033 1114 9 quarter quarter NN 39033 1114 10 of of IN 39033 1114 11 an an DT 39033 1114 12 inch inch NN 39033 1114 13 wide wide JJ 39033 1114 14 and and CC 39033 1114 15 a a DT 39033 1114 16 quarter quarter NN 39033 1114 17 of of IN 39033 1114 18 an an DT 39033 1114 19 inch inch NN 39033 1114 20 apart apart RB 39033 1114 21 . . . 39033 1115 1 The the DT 39033 1115 2 steam steam NN 39033 1115 3 cylinder cylinder NN 39033 1115 4 and and CC 39033 1115 5 valve valve NN 39033 1115 6 casing casing NN 39033 1115 7 are be VBP 39033 1115 8 made make VBN 39033 1115 9 of of IN 39033 1115 10 cast cast NN 39033 1115 11 iron iron NN 39033 1115 12 . . . 39033 1116 1 _ _ NNP 39033 1116 2 Cocks._--A Cocks._--A NNP 39033 1116 3 cock cock NNP 39033 1116 4 consists consist VBZ 39033 1116 5 of of IN 39033 1116 6 a a DT 39033 1116 7 slightly slightly RB 39033 1116 8 conical conical JJ 39033 1116 9 plug plug NN 39033 1116 10 which which WDT 39033 1116 11 fits fit VBZ 39033 1116 12 into into IN 39033 1116 13 a a DT 39033 1116 14 corresponding corresponding JJ 39033 1116 15 casing casing NN 39033 1116 16 cast cast NN 39033 1116 17 on on IN 39033 1116 18 a a DT 39033 1116 19 pipe pipe NN 39033 1116 20 . . . 39033 1117 1 Through through IN 39033 1117 2 the the DT 39033 1117 3 plug plug NN 39033 1117 4 is be VBZ 39033 1117 5 a a DT 39033 1117 6 hole hole NN 39033 1117 7 which which WDT 39033 1117 8 may may MD 39033 1117 9 be be VB 39033 1117 10 made make VBN 39033 1117 11 by by IN 39033 1117 12 turning turn VBG 39033 1117 13 the the DT 39033 1117 14 plug plug NN 39033 1117 15 to to TO 39033 1117 16 form form VB 39033 1117 17 a a DT 39033 1117 18 continuation continuation NN 39033 1117 19 of of IN 39033 1117 20 the the DT 39033 1117 21 hole hole NN 39033 1117 22 in in IN 39033 1117 23 the the DT 39033 1117 24 pipe pipe NN 39033 1117 25 , , , 39033 1117 26 and and CC 39033 1117 27 thus thus RB 39033 1117 28 allow allow VB 39033 1117 29 the the DT 39033 1117 30 fluid fluid NN 39033 1117 31 to to TO 39033 1117 32 pass pass VB 39033 1117 33 , , , 39033 1117 34 or or CC 39033 1117 35 it -PRON- PRP 39033 1117 36 may may MD 39033 1117 37 be be VB 39033 1117 38 turned turn VBN 39033 1117 39 round round RB 39033 1117 40 so so IN 39033 1117 41 that that IN 39033 1117 42 the the DT 39033 1117 43 solid solid JJ 39033 1117 44 part part NN 39033 1117 45 of of IN 39033 1117 46 the the DT 39033 1117 47 plug plug NN 39033 1117 48 lies lie VBZ 39033 1117 49 across across IN 39033 1117 50 the the DT 39033 1117 51 hole hole NN 39033 1117 52 in in IN 39033 1117 53 the the DT 39033 1117 54 pipe pipe NN 39033 1117 55 , , , 39033 1117 56 and and CC 39033 1117 57 thus thus RB 39033 1117 58 prevent prevent VBP 39033 1117 59 the the DT 39033 1117 60 fluid fluid NN 39033 1117 61 from from IN 39033 1117 62 passing pass VBG 39033 1117 63 . . . 39033 1118 1 As as IN 39033 1118 2 the the DT 39033 1118 3 student student NN 39033 1118 4 will will MD 39033 1118 5 be be VB 39033 1118 6 quite quite RB 39033 1118 7 familiar familiar JJ 39033 1118 8 with with IN 39033 1118 9 the the DT 39033 1118 10 common common JJ 39033 1118 11 water water NN 39033 1118 12 cock cock NN 39033 1118 13 or or CC 39033 1118 14 tap tap NN 39033 1118 15 such such JJ 39033 1118 16 as as IN 39033 1118 17 is be VBZ 39033 1118 18 used use VBN 39033 1118 19 in in IN 39033 1118 20 dwelling dwelling NN 39033 1118 21 - - HYPH 39033 1118 22 houses house NNS 39033 1118 23 we -PRON- PRP 39033 1118 24 need need VBP 39033 1118 25 not not RB 39033 1118 26 illustrate illustrate VB 39033 1118 27 it -PRON- PRP 39033 1118 28 here here RB 39033 1118 29 . . . 39033 1119 1 [ [ -LRB- 39033 1119 2 Illustration illustration NN 39033 1119 3 : : : 39033 1119 4 FIG FIG NNP 39033 1119 5 . . . 39033 1120 1 59 59 CD 39033 1120 2 . . . 39033 1120 3 ] ] -RRB- 39033 1121 1 Fig fig NN 39033 1121 2 . . . 39033 1122 1 59 59 CD 39033 1122 2 shows show VBZ 39033 1122 3 a a DT 39033 1122 4 cock cock NN 39033 1122 5 of of IN 39033 1122 6 considerable considerable JJ 39033 1122 7 size size NN 39033 1122 8 , , , 39033 1122 9 which which WDT 39033 1122 10 may may MD 39033 1122 11 be be VB 39033 1122 12 used use VBN 39033 1122 13 for for IN 39033 1122 14 water water NN 39033 1122 15 or or CC 39033 1122 16 steam steam NN 39033 1122 17 under under IN 39033 1122 18 high high JJ 39033 1122 19 pressure pressure NN 39033 1122 20 . . . 39033 1123 1 The the DT 39033 1123 2 plug plug NN 39033 1123 3 in in IN 39033 1123 4 this this DT 39033 1123 5 example example NN 39033 1123 6 is be VBZ 39033 1123 7 hollow hollow JJ 39033 1123 8 , , , 39033 1123 9 and and CC 39033 1123 10 is be VBZ 39033 1123 11 prevented prevent VBN 39033 1123 12 from from IN 39033 1123 13 coming come VBG 39033 1123 14 out out RP 39033 1123 15 by by IN 39033 1123 16 a a DT 39033 1123 17 cover cover NN 39033 1123 18 which which WDT 39033 1123 19 is be VBZ 39033 1123 20 secured secure VBN 39033 1123 21 to to IN 39033 1123 22 the the DT 39033 1123 23 casing casing NN 39033 1123 24 by by IN 39033 1123 25 four four CD 39033 1123 26 stud stud NN 39033 1123 27 bolts bolt NNS 39033 1123 28 . . . 39033 1124 1 An an DT 39033 1124 2 annular annular JJ 39033 1124 3 ridge ridge NN 39033 1124 4 of of IN 39033 1124 5 rectangular rectangular JJ 39033 1124 6 section section NN 39033 1124 7 projecting project VBG 39033 1124 8 from from IN 39033 1124 9 the the DT 39033 1124 10 under under JJ 39033 1124 11 side side NN 39033 1124 12 of of IN 39033 1124 13 the the DT 39033 1124 14 cover cover NN 39033 1124 15 , , , 39033 1124 16 and and CC 39033 1124 17 fitting fit VBG 39033 1124 18 into into IN 39033 1124 19 a a DT 39033 1124 20 corresponding corresponding JJ 39033 1124 21 recess recess NN 39033 1124 22 on on IN 39033 1124 23 the the DT 39033 1124 24 top top NN 39033 1124 25 of of IN 39033 1124 26 the the DT 39033 1124 27 casing casing NN 39033 1124 28 , , , 39033 1124 29 serves serve VBZ 39033 1124 30 to to TO 39033 1124 31 ensure ensure VB 39033 1124 32 that that IN 39033 1124 33 the the DT 39033 1124 34 cover cover NN 39033 1124 35 and and CC 39033 1124 36 plug plug NN 39033 1124 37 are be VBP 39033 1124 38 concentric concentric JJ 39033 1124 39 , , , 39033 1124 40 and and CC 39033 1124 41 prevents prevent VBZ 39033 1124 42 leakage leakage NN 39033 1124 43 . . . 39033 1125 1 Leakage leakage VB 39033 1125 2 at at IN 39033 1125 3 the the DT 39033 1125 4 neck neck NN 39033 1125 5 of of IN 39033 1125 6 the the DT 39033 1125 7 plug plug NN 39033 1125 8 is be VBZ 39033 1125 9 prevented prevent VBN 39033 1125 10 by by IN 39033 1125 11 a a DT 39033 1125 12 gland gland NN 39033 1125 13 and and CC 39033 1125 14 stuffing stuffing NN 39033 1125 15 - - HYPH 39033 1125 16 box box NN 39033 1125 17 . . . 39033 1126 1 The the DT 39033 1126 2 top top JJ 39033 1126 3 end end NN 39033 1126 4 of of IN 39033 1126 5 the the DT 39033 1126 6 plug plug NN 39033 1126 7 is be VBZ 39033 1126 8 made make VBN 39033 1126 9 square square JJ 39033 1126 10 to to TO 39033 1126 11 receive receive VB 39033 1126 12 a a DT 39033 1126 13 handle handle NN 39033 1126 14 for for IN 39033 1126 15 turning turn VBG 39033 1126 16 it -PRON- PRP 39033 1126 17 . . . 39033 1127 1 The the DT 39033 1127 2 size size NN 39033 1127 3 of of IN 39033 1127 4 a a DT 39033 1127 5 cock cock NN 39033 1127 6 is be VBZ 39033 1127 7 taken take VBN 39033 1127 8 from from IN 39033 1127 9 the the DT 39033 1127 10 bore bore NN 39033 1127 11 of of IN 39033 1127 12 the the DT 39033 1127 13 pipe pipe NN 39033 1127 14 in in IN 39033 1127 15 which which WDT 39033 1127 16 it -PRON- PRP 39033 1127 17 is be VBZ 39033 1127 18 placed place VBN 39033 1127 19 ; ; : 39033 1127 20 thus thus RB 39033 1127 21 fig fig VB 39033 1127 22 . . . 39033 1128 1 59 59 CD 39033 1128 2 shows show VBZ 39033 1128 3 a a DT 39033 1128 4 2 2 CD 39033 1128 5 - - SYM 39033 1128 6 1/4-inch 1/4-inch CD 39033 1128 7 cock cock NN 39033 1128 8 . . . 39033 1129 1 EXERCISE EXERCISE NNP 39033 1129 2 61 61 CD 39033 1129 3 : : : 39033 1129 4 2 2 CD 39033 1129 5 - - HYPH 39033 1129 6 1/4-_inch 1/4-_inch CD 39033 1129 7 Steam Steam NNP 39033 1129 8 or or CC 39033 1129 9 Water Water NNP 39033 1129 10 Cock._--First cock._--first PRP 39033 1129 11 draw draw VB 39033 1129 12 the the DT 39033 1129 13 views view NNS 39033 1129 14 of of IN 39033 1129 15 this this DT 39033 1129 16 cock cock NN 39033 1129 17 shown show VBN 39033 1129 18 in in IN 39033 1129 19 fig fig NN 39033 1129 20 . . . 39033 1130 1 59 59 CD 39033 1130 2 , , , 39033 1130 3 then then RB 39033 1130 4 draw draw VB 39033 1130 5 a a DT 39033 1130 6 half half JJ 39033 1130 7 end end NN 39033 1130 8 elevation elevation NN 39033 1130 9 and and CC 39033 1130 10 half half NN 39033 1130 11 cross cross NN 39033 1130 12 section section NN 39033 1130 13 through through IN 39033 1130 14 the the DT 39033 1130 15 centre centre NN 39033 1130 16 of of IN 39033 1130 17 the the DT 39033 1130 18 plug plug NN 39033 1130 19 . . . 39033 1131 1 Scale scale NN 39033 1131 2 6 6 CD 39033 1131 3 inches inch NNS 39033 1131 4 to to IN 39033 1131 5 a a DT 39033 1131 6 foot foot NN 39033 1131 7 . . . 39033 1132 1 Instead instead RB 39033 1132 2 of of IN 39033 1132 3 drawing draw VBG 39033 1132 4 the the DT 39033 1132 5 parts part NNS 39033 1132 6 of of IN 39033 1132 7 the the DT 39033 1132 8 pipe pipe NN 39033 1132 9 on on IN 39033 1132 10 the the DT 39033 1132 11 two two CD 39033 1132 12 sides side NNS 39033 1132 13 of of IN 39033 1132 14 the the DT 39033 1132 15 plug plug NN 39033 1132 16 in in IN 39033 1132 17 the the DT 39033 1132 18 same same JJ 39033 1132 19 straight straight JJ 39033 1132 20 line line NN 39033 1132 21 as as IN 39033 1132 22 in in IN 39033 1132 23 fig fig NN 39033 1132 24 . . . 39033 1133 1 59 59 CD 39033 1133 2 , , , 39033 1133 3 one one PRP 39033 1133 4 may may MD 39033 1133 5 be be VB 39033 1133 6 shown show VBN 39033 1133 7 proceeding proceed VBG 39033 1133 8 from from IN 39033 1133 9 the the DT 39033 1133 10 bottom bottom NN 39033 1133 11 of of IN 39033 1133 12 the the DT 39033 1133 13 casing casing NN 39033 1133 14 , , , 39033 1133 15 so so IN 39033 1133 16 that that IN 39033 1133 17 the the DT 39033 1133 18 fluid fluid NN 39033 1133 19 will will MD 39033 1133 20 have have VB 39033 1133 21 to to TO 39033 1133 22 pass pass VB 39033 1133 23 through through IN 39033 1133 24 the the DT 39033 1133 25 bottom bottom NN 39033 1133 26 of of IN 39033 1133 27 the the DT 39033 1133 28 plug plug NN 39033 1133 29 and and CC 39033 1133 30 through through IN 39033 1133 31 one one CD 39033 1133 32 side side NN 39033 1133 33 . . . 39033 1134 1 This this DT 39033 1134 2 is be VBZ 39033 1134 3 a a DT 39033 1134 4 common common JJ 39033 1134 5 arrangement arrangement NN 39033 1134 6 . . . 39033 1135 1 All all PDT 39033 1135 2 the the DT 39033 1135 3 parts part NNS 39033 1135 4 of of IN 39033 1135 5 the the DT 39033 1135 6 valve valve NN 39033 1135 7 and and CC 39033 1135 8 casing case VBG 39033 1135 9 in in IN 39033 1135 10 this this DT 39033 1135 11 example example NN 39033 1135 12 are be VBP 39033 1135 13 made make VBN 39033 1135 14 of of IN 39033 1135 15 brass brass NN 39033 1135 16 . . . 39033 1136 1 XVII XVII NNP 39033 1136 2 . . . 39033 1137 1 MATERIALS material NNS 39033 1137 2 USED use VBN 39033 1137 3 IN in IN 39033 1137 4 MACHINE machine NN 39033 1137 5 CONSTRUCTION construction NN 39033 1137 6 . . . 39033 1138 1 _ _ NNP 39033 1138 2 Cast Cast NNP 39033 1138 3 Iron._--The Iron._--The NNP 39033 1138 4 essential essential JJ 39033 1138 5 constituents constituent NNS 39033 1138 6 of of IN 39033 1138 7 cast cast NN 39033 1138 8 iron iron NN 39033 1138 9 are be VBP 39033 1138 10 iron iron NN 39033 1138 11 and and CC 39033 1138 12 carbon carbon NN 39033 1138 13 , , , 39033 1138 14 the the DT 39033 1138 15 latter latter JJ 39033 1138 16 forming form VBG 39033 1138 17 from from IN 39033 1138 18 2 2 CD 39033 1138 19 to to TO 39033 1138 20 5 5 CD 39033 1138 21 per per NN 39033 1138 22 cent cent NN 39033 1138 23 . . . 39033 1139 1 of of IN 39033 1139 2 the the DT 39033 1139 3 total total JJ 39033 1139 4 weight weight NN 39033 1139 5 . . . 39033 1140 1 Cast Cast VBN 39033 1140 2 iron iron NN 39033 1140 3 , , , 39033 1140 4 however however RB 39033 1140 5 , , , 39033 1140 6 usually usually RB 39033 1140 7 contains contain VBZ 39033 1140 8 varying vary VBG 39033 1140 9 small small JJ 39033 1140 10 amounts amount NNS 39033 1140 11 of of IN 39033 1140 12 silicon silicon NN 39033 1140 13 , , , 39033 1140 14 sulphur sulphur NNP 39033 1140 15 , , , 39033 1140 16 phosphorus phosphorus NN 39033 1140 17 , , , 39033 1140 18 and and CC 39033 1140 19 manganese manganese JJ 39033 1140 20 . . . 39033 1141 1 In in IN 39033 1141 2 cast cast NN 39033 1141 3 iron iron NN 39033 1141 4 the the DT 39033 1141 5 carbon carbon NN 39033 1141 6 may may MD 39033 1141 7 exist exist VB 39033 1141 8 partly partly RB 39033 1141 9 in in IN 39033 1141 10 the the DT 39033 1141 11 free free JJ 39033 1141 12 state state NN 39033 1141 13 and and CC 39033 1141 14 partly partly RB 39033 1141 15 in in IN 39033 1141 16 chemical chemical JJ 39033 1141 17 combination combination NN 39033 1141 18 with with IN 39033 1141 19 the the DT 39033 1141 20 iron iron NN 39033 1141 21 . . . 39033 1142 1 In in IN 39033 1142 2 _ _ NNP 39033 1142 3 white white JJ 39033 1142 4 cast cast NN 39033 1142 5 iron iron NN 39033 1142 6 _ _ NNP 39033 1142 7 the the DT 39033 1142 8 whole whole NN 39033 1142 9 of of IN 39033 1142 10 the the DT 39033 1142 11 carbon carbon NN 39033 1142 12 is be VBZ 39033 1142 13 in in IN 39033 1142 14 chemical chemical NN 39033 1142 15 combination combination NN 39033 1142 16 with with IN 39033 1142 17 the the DT 39033 1142 18 iron iron NN 39033 1142 19 , , , 39033 1142 20 while while IN 39033 1142 21 in in IN 39033 1142 22 _ _ NNP 39033 1142 23 grey grey NNP 39033 1142 24 cast cast NNP 39033 1142 25 iron iron NN 39033 1142 26 _ _ NNP 39033 1142 27 the the DT 39033 1142 28 carbon carbon NN 39033 1142 29 is be VBZ 39033 1142 30 principally principally RB 39033 1142 31 in in IN 39033 1142 32 the the DT 39033 1142 33 free free JJ 39033 1142 34 state state NN 39033 1142 35 , , , 39033 1142 36 that that RB 39033 1142 37 is is RB 39033 1142 38 , , , 39033 1142 39 simply simply RB 39033 1142 40 mixed mix VBN 39033 1142 41 mechanically mechanically RB 39033 1142 42 with with IN 39033 1142 43 the the DT 39033 1142 44 iron iron NN 39033 1142 45 . . . 39033 1143 1 It -PRON- PRP 39033 1143 2 is be VBZ 39033 1143 3 the the DT 39033 1143 4 free free JJ 39033 1143 5 carbon carbon NN 39033 1143 6 which which WDT 39033 1143 7 gives give VBZ 39033 1143 8 the the DT 39033 1143 9 grey grey NN 39033 1143 10 iron iron NN 39033 1143 11 its -PRON- PRP$ 39033 1143 12 dark dark JJ 39033 1143 13 appearance appearance NN 39033 1143 14 . . . 39033 1144 1 A a DT 39033 1144 2 mixture mixture NN 39033 1144 3 of of IN 39033 1144 4 the the DT 39033 1144 5 white white JJ 39033 1144 6 and and CC 39033 1144 7 grey grey JJ 39033 1144 8 varieties variety NNS 39033 1144 9 of of IN 39033 1144 10 cast cast NN 39033 1144 11 iron iron NN 39033 1144 12 when when WRB 39033 1144 13 melted melt VBN 39033 1144 14 produces produce VBZ 39033 1144 15 _ _ NNP 39033 1144 16 mottled mottle VBD 39033 1144 17 cast cast NN 39033 1144 18 iron iron NN 39033 1144 19 _ _ NNP 39033 1144 20 . . . 39033 1145 1 The the DT 39033 1145 2 greater great JJR 39033 1145 3 the the DT 39033 1145 4 amount amount NN 39033 1145 5 of of IN 39033 1145 6 carbon carbon NN 39033 1145 7 chemically chemically RB 39033 1145 8 combined combine VBN 39033 1145 9 with with IN 39033 1145 10 the the DT 39033 1145 11 iron iron NN 39033 1145 12 , , , 39033 1145 13 the the DT 39033 1145 14 whiter whiter NN 39033 1145 15 , , , 39033 1145 16 harder hard RBR 39033 1145 17 , , , 39033 1145 18 and and CC 39033 1145 19 more more RBR 39033 1145 20 brittle brittle JJ 39033 1145 21 does do VBZ 39033 1145 22 it -PRON- PRP 39033 1145 23 become become VB 39033 1145 24 . . . 39033 1146 1 The the DT 39033 1146 2 white white JJ 39033 1146 3 cast cast NN 39033 1146 4 iron iron NN 39033 1146 5 is be VBZ 39033 1146 6 stronger strong JJR 39033 1146 7 than than IN 39033 1146 8 the the DT 39033 1146 9 grey grey NN 39033 1146 10 , , , 39033 1146 11 but but CC 39033 1146 12 being be VBG 39033 1146 13 more more RBR 39033 1146 14 brittle brittle JJ 39033 1146 15 it -PRON- PRP 39033 1146 16 is be VBZ 39033 1146 17 not not RB 39033 1146 18 so so RB 39033 1146 19 suitable suitable JJ 39033 1146 20 for for IN 39033 1146 21 resisting resist VBG 39033 1146 22 suddenly suddenly RB 39033 1146 23 applied apply VBN 39033 1146 24 loads load NNS 39033 1146 25 . . . 39033 1147 1 White white JJ 39033 1147 2 iron iron NN 39033 1147 3 melts melt NNS 39033 1147 4 at at IN 39033 1147 5 a a DT 39033 1147 6 lower low JJR 39033 1147 7 temperature temperature NN 39033 1147 8 than than IN 39033 1147 9 grey grey NN 39033 1147 10 iron iron NN 39033 1147 11 , , , 39033 1147 12 but but CC 39033 1147 13 after after IN 39033 1147 14 melting melt VBG 39033 1147 15 it -PRON- PRP 39033 1147 16 does do VBZ 39033 1147 17 not not RB 39033 1147 18 flow flow VB 39033 1147 19 so so RB 39033 1147 20 well well RB 39033 1147 21 , , , 39033 1147 22 or or CC 39033 1147 23 is be VBZ 39033 1147 24 not not RB 39033 1147 25 so so RB 39033 1147 26 liquid liquid JJ 39033 1147 27 as as IN 39033 1147 28 the the DT 39033 1147 29 grey grey NN 39033 1147 30 iron iron NN 39033 1147 31 . . . 39033 1148 1 White white JJ 39033 1148 2 iron iron NN 39033 1148 3 contracts contract NNS 39033 1148 4 while while IN 39033 1148 5 grey grey NN 39033 1148 6 iron iron NN 39033 1148 7 expands expand VBZ 39033 1148 8 on on IN 39033 1148 9 solidifying solidify VBG 39033 1148 10 . . . 39033 1149 1 The the DT 39033 1149 2 grey grey NN 39033 1149 3 iron iron NN 39033 1149 4 , , , 39033 1149 5 therefore therefore RB 39033 1149 6 , , , 39033 1149 7 makes make VBZ 39033 1149 8 finer finer NN 39033 1149 9 castings casting NNS 39033 1149 10 than than IN 39033 1149 11 the the DT 39033 1149 12 white white NNP 39033 1149 13 . . . 39033 1150 1 Castings casting NNS 39033 1150 2 after after IN 39033 1150 3 solidifying solidify VBG 39033 1150 4 contract contract NN 39033 1150 5 in in IN 39033 1150 6 cooling cool VBG 39033 1150 7 about about RB 39033 1150 8 1/8 1/8 CD 39033 1150 9 of of IN 39033 1150 10 an an DT 39033 1150 11 inch inch NN 39033 1150 12 per per IN 39033 1150 13 foot foot NN 39033 1150 14 . . . 39033 1151 1 Castings casting NNS 39033 1151 2 possessing possess VBG 39033 1151 3 various various JJ 39033 1151 4 degrees degree NNS 39033 1151 5 of of IN 39033 1151 6 strength strength NN 39033 1151 7 and and CC 39033 1151 8 hardness hardness NN 39033 1151 9 are be VBP 39033 1151 10 produced produce VBN 39033 1151 11 by by IN 39033 1151 12 melting melt VBG 39033 1151 13 mixtures mixture NNS 39033 1151 14 of of IN 39033 1151 15 various various JJ 39033 1151 16 proportions proportion NNS 39033 1151 17 of of IN 39033 1151 18 white white JJ 39033 1151 19 and and CC 39033 1151 20 grey grey NNP 39033 1151 21 cast cast NNP 39033 1151 22 irons iron NNS 39033 1151 23 . . . 39033 1152 1 White white JJ 39033 1152 2 cast cast NN 39033 1152 3 iron iron NN 39033 1152 4 has have VBZ 39033 1152 5 a a DT 39033 1152 6 higher high JJR 39033 1152 7 specific specific JJ 39033 1152 8 gravity gravity NN 39033 1152 9 than than IN 39033 1152 10 grey grey NNP 39033 1152 11 cast cast NNP 39033 1152 12 iron iron NN 39033 1152 13 . . . 39033 1153 1 Cast Cast VBN 39033 1153 2 iron iron NN 39033 1153 3 gives give VBZ 39033 1153 4 little little JJ 39033 1153 5 or or CC 39033 1153 6 no no DT 39033 1153 7 warning warning NN 39033 1153 8 before before IN 39033 1153 9 breaking break VBG 39033 1153 10 . . . 39033 1154 1 The the DT 39033 1154 2 thickness thickness NN 39033 1154 3 of of IN 39033 1154 4 the the DT 39033 1154 5 metal metal NN 39033 1154 6 throughout throughout IN 39033 1154 7 a a DT 39033 1154 8 casting casting NN 39033 1154 9 in in IN 39033 1154 10 cast cast NN 39033 1154 11 iron iron NN 39033 1154 12 should should MD 39033 1154 13 be be VB 39033 1154 14 as as RB 39033 1154 15 uniform uniform JJ 39033 1154 16 as as IN 39033 1154 17 possible possible JJ 39033 1154 18 , , , 39033 1154 19 so so IN 39033 1154 20 that that IN 39033 1154 21 it -PRON- PRP 39033 1154 22 may may MD 39033 1154 23 cool cool VB 39033 1154 24 and and CC 39033 1154 25 therefore therefore RB 39033 1154 26 contract contract VBP 39033 1154 27 uniformly uniformly RB 39033 1154 28 throughout throughout IN 39033 1154 29 ; ; : 39033 1154 30 otherwise otherwise RB 39033 1154 31 some some DT 39033 1154 32 parts part NNS 39033 1154 33 may may MD 39033 1154 34 be be VB 39033 1154 35 in in IN 39033 1154 36 a a DT 39033 1154 37 state state NN 39033 1154 38 of of IN 39033 1154 39 initial initial JJ 39033 1154 40 strain strain NN 39033 1154 41 after after IN 39033 1154 42 the the DT 39033 1154 43 casting casting NN 39033 1154 44 has have VBZ 39033 1154 45 cooled cool VBN 39033 1154 46 , , , 39033 1154 47 and and CC 39033 1154 48 will will MD 39033 1154 49 therefore therefore RB 39033 1154 50 be be VB 39033 1154 51 easier easy JJR 39033 1154 52 to to TO 39033 1154 53 fracture fracture VB 39033 1154 54 . . . 39033 1155 1 Re Re VBG 39033 1155 2 - - JJ 39033 1155 3 entrant entrant JJ 39033 1155 4 angles angle NNS 39033 1155 5 should should MD 39033 1155 6 be be VB 39033 1155 7 avoided avoid VBN 39033 1155 8 ; ; : 39033 1155 9 such such JJ 39033 1155 10 should should MD 39033 1155 11 be be VB 39033 1155 12 rounded round VBN 39033 1155 13 out out RP 39033 1155 14 with with IN 39033 1155 15 fillets fillet NNS 39033 1155 16 . . . 39033 1156 1 The the DT 39033 1156 2 presence presence NN 39033 1156 3 of of IN 39033 1156 4 phosphorus phosphorus NN 39033 1156 5 in in IN 39033 1156 6 cast cast NN 39033 1156 7 iron iron NN 39033 1156 8 makes make VBZ 39033 1156 9 it -PRON- PRP 39033 1156 10 more more RBR 39033 1156 11 fusible fusible JJ 39033 1156 12 , , , 39033 1156 13 and and CC 39033 1156 14 also also RB 39033 1156 15 more more RBR 39033 1156 16 brittle brittle JJ 39033 1156 17 . . . 39033 1157 1 The the DT 39033 1157 2 presence presence NN 39033 1157 3 of of IN 39033 1157 4 sulphur sulphur NN 39033 1157 5 diminishes diminish VBZ 39033 1157 6 the the DT 39033 1157 7 strength strength NN 39033 1157 8 considerably considerably RB 39033 1157 9 . . . 39033 1158 1 The the DT 39033 1158 2 grey grey JJ 39033 1158 3 varieties variety NNS 39033 1158 4 of of IN 39033 1158 5 cast cast NN 39033 1158 6 iron iron NN 39033 1158 7 are be VBP 39033 1158 8 called call VBN 39033 1158 9 _ _ NNP 39033 1158 10 foundry foundry JJ 39033 1158 11 irons iron NNS 39033 1158 12 _ _ NNP 39033 1158 13 or or CC 39033 1158 14 _ _ NNP 39033 1158 15 foundry foundry JJ 39033 1158 16 pigs pig NNS 39033 1158 17 _ _ NNP 39033 1158 18 , , , 39033 1158 19 while while IN 39033 1158 20 the the DT 39033 1158 21 white white JJ 39033 1158 22 varieties variety NNS 39033 1158 23 are be VBP 39033 1158 24 called call VBN 39033 1158 25 _ _ NNP 39033 1158 26 forge forge NN 39033 1158 27 irons iron NNS 39033 1158 28 _ _ NNP 39033 1158 29 or or CC 39033 1158 30 _ _ NNP 39033 1158 31 forge forge NN 39033 1158 32 pigs pig NNS 39033 1158 33 _ _ NNP 39033 1158 34 , , , 39033 1158 35 from from IN 39033 1158 36 the the DT 39033 1158 37 fact fact NN 39033 1158 38 that that IN 39033 1158 39 they -PRON- PRP 39033 1158 40 are be VBP 39033 1158 41 used use VBN 39033 1158 42 for for IN 39033 1158 43 conversion conversion NN 39033 1158 44 into into IN 39033 1158 45 wrought wrought NN 39033 1158 46 iron iron NN 39033 1158 47 . . . 39033 1159 1 Amongst amongst IN 39033 1159 2 iron iron NN 39033 1159 3 manufacturers manufacturer NNS 39033 1159 4 the the DT 39033 1159 5 different different JJ 39033 1159 6 varieties variety NNS 39033 1159 7 of of IN 39033 1159 8 cast cast NN 39033 1159 9 iron iron NN 39033 1159 10 are be VBP 39033 1159 11 designated designate VBN 39033 1159 12 by by IN 39033 1159 13 the the DT 39033 1159 14 numbers number NNS 39033 1159 15 1 1 CD 39033 1159 16 , , , 39033 1159 17 2 2 CD 39033 1159 18 , , , 39033 1159 19 3 3 CD 39033 1159 20 , , , 39033 1159 21 & & CC 39033 1159 22 c. c. NNP 39033 1159 23 , , , 39033 1159 24 the the DT 39033 1159 25 lowest low JJS 39033 1159 26 number number NN 39033 1159 27 being be VBG 39033 1159 28 applied apply VBN 39033 1159 29 to to IN 39033 1159 30 the the DT 39033 1159 31 greyest grey JJS 39033 1159 32 variety variety NN 39033 1159 33 . . . 39033 1160 1 _ _ NNP 39033 1160 2 Chilled Chilled NNP 39033 1160 3 Castings._--When Castings._--When NNP 39033 1160 4 grey grey NNP 39033 1160 5 cast cast NNP 39033 1160 6 iron iron NN 39033 1160 7 is be VBZ 39033 1160 8 melted melt VBN 39033 1160 9 a a DT 39033 1160 10 portion portion NN 39033 1160 11 of of IN 39033 1160 12 the the DT 39033 1160 13 free free JJ 39033 1160 14 carbon carbon NN 39033 1160 15 combines combine VBZ 39033 1160 16 chemically chemically RB 39033 1160 17 with with IN 39033 1160 18 the the DT 39033 1160 19 iron iron NN 39033 1160 20 ; ; : 39033 1160 21 this this DT 39033 1160 22 , , , 39033 1160 23 however however RB 39033 1160 24 , , , 39033 1160 25 separates separate VBZ 39033 1160 26 out out RP 39033 1160 27 again again RB 39033 1160 28 if if IN 39033 1160 29 the the DT 39033 1160 30 iron iron NN 39033 1160 31 is be VBZ 39033 1160 32 allowed allow VBN 39033 1160 33 to to TO 39033 1160 34 cool cool VB 39033 1160 35 slowly slowly RB 39033 1160 36 ; ; : 39033 1160 37 but but CC 39033 1160 38 if if IN 39033 1160 39 it -PRON- PRP 39033 1160 40 is be VBZ 39033 1160 41 suddenly suddenly RB 39033 1160 42 cooled cool VBN 39033 1160 43 a a DT 39033 1160 44 greater great JJR 39033 1160 45 amount amount NN 39033 1160 46 of of IN 39033 1160 47 the the DT 39033 1160 48 carbon carbon NN 39033 1160 49 remains remain VBZ 39033 1160 50 in in IN 39033 1160 51 chemical chemical NN 39033 1160 52 combination combination NN 39033 1160 53 , , , 39033 1160 54 and and CC 39033 1160 55 a a DT 39033 1160 56 whiter whiter NN 39033 1160 57 and and CC 39033 1160 58 harder hard JJR 39033 1160 59 iron iron NN 39033 1160 60 is be VBZ 39033 1160 61 produced produce VBN 39033 1160 62 . . . 39033 1161 1 Advantage advantage NN 39033 1161 2 is be VBZ 39033 1161 3 taken take VBN 39033 1161 4 of of IN 39033 1161 5 this this DT 39033 1161 6 in in IN 39033 1161 7 making make VBG 39033 1161 8 _ _ NNP 39033 1161 9 chilled chill VBN 39033 1161 10 castings casting NNS 39033 1161 11 _ _ NNP 39033 1161 12 . . . 39033 1162 1 In in IN 39033 1162 2 this this DT 39033 1162 3 process process NN 39033 1162 4 the the DT 39033 1162 5 whole whole NN 39033 1162 6 or or CC 39033 1162 7 a a DT 39033 1162 8 part part NN 39033 1162 9 of of IN 39033 1162 10 the the DT 39033 1162 11 mould mould NN 39033 1162 12 is be VBZ 39033 1162 13 lined line VBN 39033 1162 14 with with IN 39033 1162 15 cast cast NN 39033 1162 16 iron iron NN 39033 1162 17 , , , 39033 1162 18 which which WDT 39033 1162 19 , , , 39033 1162 20 being be VBG 39033 1162 21 a a DT 39033 1162 22 comparatively comparatively RB 39033 1162 23 good good JJ 39033 1162 24 conductor conductor NN 39033 1162 25 of of IN 39033 1162 26 heat heat NNP 39033 1162 27 , , , 39033 1162 28 chills chill VBZ 39033 1162 29 a a DT 39033 1162 30 portion portion NN 39033 1162 31 of of IN 39033 1162 32 the the DT 39033 1162 33 melted melted JJ 39033 1162 34 metal metal NN 39033 1162 35 next next RB 39033 1162 36 to to IN 39033 1162 37 it -PRON- PRP 39033 1162 38 , , , 39033 1162 39 changing change VBG 39033 1162 40 it -PRON- PRP 39033 1162 41 into into IN 39033 1162 42 a a DT 39033 1162 43 hard hard JJ 39033 1162 44 white white JJ 39033 1162 45 iron iron NN 39033 1162 46 to to IN 39033 1162 47 a a DT 39033 1162 48 depth depth NN 39033 1162 49 varying varying NN 39033 1162 50 from from IN 39033 1162 51 1/8 1/8 CD 39033 1162 52 to to TO 39033 1162 53 1/2 1/2 CD 39033 1162 54 an an DT 39033 1162 55 inch inch NN 39033 1162 56 . . . 39033 1163 1 To to TO 39033 1163 2 protect protect VB 39033 1163 3 the the DT 39033 1163 4 cast cast NN 39033 1163 5 - - HYPH 39033 1163 6 iron iron NN 39033 1163 7 lining lining NN 39033 1163 8 of of IN 39033 1163 9 the the DT 39033 1163 10 mould mould NN 39033 1163 11 from from IN 39033 1163 12 the the DT 39033 1163 13 molten molten JJ 39033 1163 14 metal metal NN 39033 1163 15 it -PRON- PRP 39033 1163 16 is be VBZ 39033 1163 17 painted paint VBN 39033 1163 18 with with IN 39033 1163 19 loam loam NN 39033 1163 20 . . . 39033 1164 1 _ _ NNP 39033 1164 2 Malleable Malleable NNP 39033 1164 3 Cast Cast NNP 39033 1164 4 Iron._--This Iron._--This NNP 39033 1164 5 is be VBZ 39033 1164 6 prepared prepare VBN 39033 1164 7 by by IN 39033 1164 8 imbedding imbed VBG 39033 1164 9 a a DT 39033 1164 10 casting casting NN 39033 1164 11 in in IN 39033 1164 12 powdered powdered JJ 39033 1164 13 red red JJ 39033 1164 14 hematite hematite NN 39033 1164 15 ( ( -LRB- 39033 1164 16 an an DT 39033 1164 17 oxide oxide NN 39033 1164 18 of of IN 39033 1164 19 iron iron NN 39033 1164 20 ) ) -RRB- 39033 1164 21 , , , 39033 1164 22 and and CC 39033 1164 23 keeping keep VBG 39033 1164 24 it -PRON- PRP 39033 1164 25 at at IN 39033 1164 26 a a DT 39033 1164 27 bright bright JJ 39033 1164 28 red red JJ 39033 1164 29 heat heat NN 39033 1164 30 for for IN 39033 1164 31 a a DT 39033 1164 32 length length NN 39033 1164 33 of of IN 39033 1164 34 time time NN 39033 1164 35 varying vary VBG 39033 1164 36 from from IN 39033 1164 37 several several JJ 39033 1164 38 hours hour NNS 39033 1164 39 to to IN 39033 1164 40 several several JJ 39033 1164 41 days day NNS 39033 1164 42 according accord VBG 39033 1164 43 to to IN 39033 1164 44 the the DT 39033 1164 45 size size NN 39033 1164 46 of of IN 39033 1164 47 the the DT 39033 1164 48 casting casting NN 39033 1164 49 . . . 39033 1165 1 By by IN 39033 1165 2 this this DT 39033 1165 3 process process NN 39033 1165 4 a a DT 39033 1165 5 portion portion NN 39033 1165 6 of of IN 39033 1165 7 the the DT 39033 1165 8 carbon carbon NN 39033 1165 9 in in IN 39033 1165 10 the the DT 39033 1165 11 casting casting NN 39033 1165 12 is be VBZ 39033 1165 13 removed remove VBN 39033 1165 14 , , , 39033 1165 15 and and CC 39033 1165 16 the the DT 39033 1165 17 strength strength NN 39033 1165 18 and and CC 39033 1165 19 toughness toughness NN 39033 1165 20 of of IN 39033 1165 21 the the DT 39033 1165 22 latter latter JJ 39033 1165 23 become become VBP 39033 1165 24 more more RBR 39033 1165 25 like like IN 39033 1165 26 the the DT 39033 1165 27 strength strength NN 39033 1165 28 and and CC 39033 1165 29 toughness toughness NN 39033 1165 30 of of IN 39033 1165 31 wrought wrought NN 39033 1165 32 or or CC 39033 1165 33 malleable malleable JJ 39033 1165 34 iron iron NN 39033 1165 35 . . . 39033 1166 1 _ _ NNP 39033 1166 2 Wrought Wrought NNP 39033 1166 3 or or CC 39033 1166 4 Malleable Malleable NNP 39033 1166 5 Iron._--This Iron._--This NNP 39033 1166 6 is be VBZ 39033 1166 7 nearly nearly RB 39033 1166 8 pure pure JJ 39033 1166 9 iron iron NN 39033 1166 10 , , , 39033 1166 11 and and CC 39033 1166 12 is be VBZ 39033 1166 13 made make VBN 39033 1166 14 from from IN 39033 1166 15 cast cast NN 39033 1166 16 iron iron NN 39033 1166 17 by by IN 39033 1166 18 the the DT 39033 1166 19 puddling puddling NN 39033 1166 20 process process NN 39033 1166 21 , , , 39033 1166 22 which which WDT 39033 1166 23 consists consist VBZ 39033 1166 24 chiefly chiefly RB 39033 1166 25 of of IN 39033 1166 26 raising raise VBG 39033 1166 27 the the DT 39033 1166 28 cast cast NN 39033 1166 29 iron iron NN 39033 1166 30 to to IN 39033 1166 31 a a DT 39033 1166 32 high high JJ 39033 1166 33 temperature temperature NN 39033 1166 34 in in IN 39033 1166 35 a a DT 39033 1166 36 reverberatory reverberatory NN 39033 1166 37 furnace furnace NN 39033 1166 38 in in IN 39033 1166 39 the the DT 39033 1166 40 presence presence NN 39033 1166 41 of of IN 39033 1166 42 air air NN 39033 1166 43 , , , 39033 1166 44 which which WDT 39033 1166 45 unites unite VBZ 39033 1166 46 with with IN 39033 1166 47 the the DT 39033 1166 48 carbon carbon NN 39033 1166 49 and and CC 39033 1166 50 passes pass VBZ 39033 1166 51 off off RP 39033 1166 52 as as IN 39033 1166 53 gas gas NN 39033 1166 54 . . . 39033 1167 1 In in IN 39033 1167 2 other other JJ 39033 1167 3 words word NNS 39033 1167 4 the the DT 39033 1167 5 carbon carbon NN 39033 1167 6 is be VBZ 39033 1167 7 burned burn VBN 39033 1167 8 out out RP 39033 1167 9 . . . 39033 1168 1 The the DT 39033 1168 2 iron iron NN 39033 1168 3 is be VBZ 39033 1168 4 removed remove VBN 39033 1168 5 from from IN 39033 1168 6 the the DT 39033 1168 7 puddling puddling NN 39033 1168 8 furnace furnace NN 39033 1168 9 in in IN 39033 1168 10 soft soft JJ 39033 1168 11 spongy spongy NN 39033 1168 12 masses masse NNS 39033 1168 13 called call VBD 39033 1168 14 _ _ NNP 39033 1168 15 blooms bloom NNS 39033 1168 16 _ _ NNP 39033 1168 17 , , , 39033 1168 18 which which WDT 39033 1168 19 are be VBP 39033 1168 20 subjected subject VBN 39033 1168 21 to to IN 39033 1168 22 a a DT 39033 1168 23 process process NN 39033 1168 24 of of IN 39033 1168 25 squeezing squeeze VBG 39033 1168 26 or or CC 39033 1168 27 hammering hammering NN 39033 1168 28 called call VBN 39033 1168 29 _ _ NNP 39033 1168 30 shingling shingle VBG 39033 1168 31 _ _ NNP 39033 1168 32 . . . 39033 1169 1 These these DT 39033 1169 2 shingled shingle VBN 39033 1169 3 blooms bloom NNS 39033 1169 4 still still RB 39033 1169 5 contain contain VBP 39033 1169 6 enough enough JJ 39033 1169 7 heat heat NN 39033 1169 8 to to TO 39033 1169 9 enable enable VB 39033 1169 10 them -PRON- PRP 39033 1169 11 to to TO 39033 1169 12 be be VB 39033 1169 13 rolled roll VBN 39033 1169 14 into into IN 39033 1169 15 rough rough JJ 39033 1169 16 _ _ NNP 39033 1169 17 puddled puddle VBD 39033 1169 18 bars bar NNS 39033 1169 19 _ _ NNP 39033 1169 20 . . . 39033 1170 1 These these DT 39033 1170 2 puddled puddle VBN 39033 1170 3 bars bar NNS 39033 1170 4 are be VBP 39033 1170 5 of of IN 39033 1170 6 very very RB 39033 1170 7 inferior inferior JJ 39033 1170 8 quality quality NN 39033 1170 9 , , , 39033 1170 10 having have VBG 39033 1170 11 less less JJR 39033 1170 12 than than IN 39033 1170 13 half half PDT 39033 1170 14 the the DT 39033 1170 15 strength strength NN 39033 1170 16 of of IN 39033 1170 17 good good JJ 39033 1170 18 wrought wrought NN 39033 1170 19 iron iron NN 39033 1170 20 . . . 39033 1171 1 The the DT 39033 1171 2 puddled puddle VBN 39033 1171 3 bars bar NNS 39033 1171 4 are be VBP 39033 1171 5 cut cut VBN 39033 1171 6 into into IN 39033 1171 7 pieces piece NNS 39033 1171 8 which which WDT 39033 1171 9 are be VBP 39033 1171 10 piled pile VBN 39033 1171 11 together together RB 39033 1171 12 , , , 39033 1171 13 reheated reheat VBN 39033 1171 14 , , , 39033 1171 15 and and CC 39033 1171 16 again again RB 39033 1171 17 rolled roll VBD 39033 1171 18 into into IN 39033 1171 19 bars bar NNS 39033 1171 20 , , , 39033 1171 21 which which WDT 39033 1171 22 are be VBP 39033 1171 23 called call VBN 39033 1171 24 _ _ NNP 39033 1171 25 merchant merchant NN 39033 1171 26 bars bar NNS 39033 1171 27 _ _ NNP 39033 1171 28 . . . 39033 1172 1 This this DT 39033 1172 2 process process NN 39033 1172 3 of of IN 39033 1172 4 piling pile VBG 39033 1172 5 , , , 39033 1172 6 reheating reheat VBG 39033 1172 7 , , , 39033 1172 8 and and CC 39033 1172 9 re re IN 39033 1172 10 - - NN 39033 1172 11 rolling rolling JJ 39033 1172 12 may may MD 39033 1172 13 be be VB 39033 1172 14 repeated repeat VBN 39033 1172 15 several several JJ 39033 1172 16 times time NNS 39033 1172 17 , , , 39033 1172 18 depending depend VBG 39033 1172 19 on on IN 39033 1172 20 the the DT 39033 1172 21 quality quality NN 39033 1172 22 of of IN 39033 1172 23 iron iron NN 39033 1172 24 required require VBN 39033 1172 25 . . . 39033 1173 1 Up up IN 39033 1173 2 to to IN 39033 1173 3 a a DT 39033 1173 4 certain certain JJ 39033 1173 5 point point NN 39033 1173 6 the the DT 39033 1173 7 quality quality NN 39033 1173 8 of of IN 39033 1173 9 the the DT 39033 1173 10 iron iron NN 39033 1173 11 is be VBZ 39033 1173 12 improved improve VBN 39033 1173 13 by by IN 39033 1173 14 reheating reheat VBG 39033 1173 15 and and CC 39033 1173 16 rolling roll VBG 39033 1173 17 or or CC 39033 1173 18 hammering hammering NN 39033 1173 19 , , , 39033 1173 20 but but CC 39033 1173 21 beyond beyond IN 39033 1173 22 that that DT 39033 1173 23 a a DT 39033 1173 24 repetition repetition NN 39033 1173 25 of of IN 39033 1173 26 the the DT 39033 1173 27 process process NN 39033 1173 28 diminishes diminish VBZ 39033 1173 29 the the DT 39033 1173 30 strength strength NN 39033 1173 31 of of IN 39033 1173 32 the the DT 39033 1173 33 iron iron NN 39033 1173 34 . . . 39033 1174 1 The the DT 39033 1174 2 process process NN 39033 1174 3 of of IN 39033 1174 4 piling pile VBG 39033 1174 5 and and CC 39033 1174 6 rolling rolling NN 39033 1174 7 gives give VBZ 39033 1174 8 wrought wrought NN 39033 1174 9 iron iron NN 39033 1174 10 a a DT 39033 1174 11 fibrous fibrous JJ 39033 1174 12 structure structure NN 39033 1174 13 . . . 39033 1175 1 When when WRB 39033 1175 2 subjected subject VBN 39033 1175 3 to to IN 39033 1175 4 vibrations vibration NNS 39033 1175 5 for for IN 39033 1175 6 a a DT 39033 1175 7 long long JJ 39033 1175 8 time time NN 39033 1175 9 , , , 39033 1175 10 the the DT 39033 1175 11 structure structure NN 39033 1175 12 becomes become VBZ 39033 1175 13 crystalline crystalline NN 39033 1175 14 and and CC 39033 1175 15 the the DT 39033 1175 16 iron iron NN 39033 1175 17 brittle brittle NN 39033 1175 18 . . . 39033 1176 1 The the DT 39033 1176 2 crystalline crystalline JJ 39033 1176 3 structure structure NN 39033 1176 4 induced induce VBN 39033 1176 5 in in IN 39033 1176 6 this this DT 39033 1176 7 way way NN 39033 1176 8 may may MD 39033 1176 9 be be VB 39033 1176 10 removed remove VBN 39033 1176 11 by by IN 39033 1176 12 the the DT 39033 1176 13 process process NN 39033 1176 14 of of IN 39033 1176 15 _ _ NNP 39033 1176 16 annealing anneal VBG 39033 1176 17 _ _ NNP 39033 1176 18 , , , 39033 1176 19 which which WDT 39033 1176 20 consists consist VBZ 39033 1176 21 in in IN 39033 1176 22 heating heat VBG 39033 1176 23 the the DT 39033 1176 24 iron iron NN 39033 1176 25 in in IN 39033 1176 26 a a DT 39033 1176 27 furnace furnace NN 39033 1176 28 , , , 39033 1176 29 and and CC 39033 1176 30 then then RB 39033 1176 31 allowing allow VBG 39033 1176 32 it -PRON- PRP 39033 1176 33 to to TO 39033 1176 34 cool cool VB 39033 1176 35 slowly slowly RB 39033 1176 36 . . . 39033 1177 1 _ _ NNP 39033 1177 2 Forging Forging NNP 39033 1177 3 and and CC 39033 1177 4 Welding._--The Welding._--The NNP 39033 1177 5 process process NN 39033 1177 6 of of IN 39033 1177 7 pressing press VBG 39033 1177 8 or or CC 39033 1177 9 hammering hammer VBG 39033 1177 10 wrought wrought NN 39033 1177 11 iron iron NN 39033 1177 12 when when WRB 39033 1177 13 at at IN 39033 1177 14 a a DT 39033 1177 15 red red JJ 39033 1177 16 or or CC 39033 1177 17 white white JJ 39033 1177 18 heat heat NN 39033 1177 19 into into IN 39033 1177 20 any any DT 39033 1177 21 desired desire VBN 39033 1177 22 shape shape NN 39033 1177 23 is be VBZ 39033 1177 24 called call VBN 39033 1177 25 _ _ NNP 39033 1177 26 forging forge VBG 39033 1177 27 _ _ NNP 39033 1177 28 . . . 39033 1178 1 If if IN 39033 1178 2 at at IN 39033 1178 3 a a DT 39033 1178 4 white white JJ 39033 1178 5 heat heat NN 39033 1178 6 two two CD 39033 1178 7 pieces piece NNS 39033 1178 8 of of IN 39033 1178 9 wrought wrought NN 39033 1178 10 iron iron NN 39033 1178 11 be be VB 39033 1178 12 brought bring VBN 39033 1178 13 together together RB 39033 1178 14 , , , 39033 1178 15 their -PRON- PRP$ 39033 1178 16 surfaces surface NNS 39033 1178 17 being be VBG 39033 1178 18 clean clean JJ 39033 1178 19 , , , 39033 1178 20 they -PRON- PRP 39033 1178 21 may may MD 39033 1178 22 be be VB 39033 1178 23 pressed press VBN 39033 1178 24 or or CC 39033 1178 25 hammered hammer VBN 39033 1178 26 together together RB 39033 1178 27 , , , 39033 1178 28 so so IN 39033 1178 29 as as IN 39033 1178 30 to to TO 39033 1178 31 form form VB 39033 1178 32 one one CD 39033 1178 33 piece piece NN 39033 1178 34 . . . 39033 1179 1 This this DT 39033 1179 2 is be VBZ 39033 1179 3 called call VBN 39033 1179 4 _ _ NNP 39033 1179 5 welding weld VBG 39033 1179 6 _ _ NNP 39033 1179 7 , , , 39033 1179 8 and and CC 39033 1179 9 is be VBZ 39033 1179 10 a a DT 39033 1179 11 very very RB 39033 1179 12 valuable valuable JJ 39033 1179 13 property property NN 39033 1179 14 of of IN 39033 1179 15 wrought wrought NN 39033 1179 16 iron iron NN 39033 1179 17 . . . 39033 1180 1 _ _ NNP 39033 1180 2 Steel._--This Steel._--This NNP 39033 1180 3 is be VBZ 39033 1180 4 a a DT 39033 1180 5 compound compound NN 39033 1180 6 of of IN 39033 1180 7 iron iron NN 39033 1180 8 with with IN 39033 1180 9 a a DT 39033 1180 10 small small JJ 39033 1180 11 per per IN 39033 1180 12 - - HYPH 39033 1180 13 centage centage NN 39033 1180 14 of of IN 39033 1180 15 carbon carbon NN 39033 1180 16 , , , 39033 1180 17 and and CC 39033 1180 18 is be VBZ 39033 1180 19 made make VBN 39033 1180 20 either either CC 39033 1180 21 by by IN 39033 1180 22 adding add VBG 39033 1180 23 carbon carbon NN 39033 1180 24 to to IN 39033 1180 25 wrought wrought NN 39033 1180 26 iron iron NN 39033 1180 27 , , , 39033 1180 28 or or CC 39033 1180 29 by by IN 39033 1180 30 removing remove VBG 39033 1180 31 some some DT 39033 1180 32 of of IN 39033 1180 33 the the DT 39033 1180 34 carbon carbon NN 39033 1180 35 from from IN 39033 1180 36 cast cast NN 39033 1180 37 iron iron NN 39033 1180 38 . . . 39033 1181 1 In in IN 39033 1181 2 the the DT 39033 1181 3 _ _ NNP 39033 1181 4 cementation cementation NN 39033 1181 5 _ _ NNP 39033 1181 6 process process NN 39033 1181 7 , , , 39033 1181 8 bars bar NNS 39033 1181 9 of of IN 39033 1181 10 wrought wrought NN 39033 1181 11 iron iron NN 39033 1181 12 are be VBP 39033 1181 13 imbedded imbed VBN 39033 1181 14 in in IN 39033 1181 15 powdered powdered JJ 39033 1181 16 charcoal charcoal NN 39033 1181 17 in in IN 39033 1181 18 a a DT 39033 1181 19 fireclay fireclay NN 39033 1181 20 trough trough NN 39033 1181 21 , , , 39033 1181 22 and and CC 39033 1181 23 kept keep VBD 39033 1181 24 at at IN 39033 1181 25 a a DT 39033 1181 26 high high JJ 39033 1181 27 temperature temperature NN 39033 1181 28 in in IN 39033 1181 29 a a DT 39033 1181 30 furnace furnace NN 39033 1181 31 for for IN 39033 1181 32 several several JJ 39033 1181 33 days day NNS 39033 1181 34 . . . 39033 1182 1 The the DT 39033 1182 2 iron iron NN 39033 1182 3 combines combine VBZ 39033 1182 4 with with IN 39033 1182 5 a a DT 39033 1182 6 portion portion NN 39033 1182 7 of of IN 39033 1182 8 the the DT 39033 1182 9 carbon carbon NN 39033 1182 10 to to TO 39033 1182 11 form form VB 39033 1182 12 _ _ NNP 39033 1182 13 blister blister NN 39033 1182 14 steel steel NN 39033 1182 15 _ _ NNP 39033 1182 16 , , , 39033 1182 17 so so RB 39033 1182 18 named name VBN 39033 1182 19 because because IN 39033 1182 20 of of IN 39033 1182 21 the the DT 39033 1182 22 blisters blister NNS 39033 1182 23 which which WDT 39033 1182 24 are be VBP 39033 1182 25 found find VBN 39033 1182 26 on on IN 39033 1182 27 the the DT 39033 1182 28 surface surface NN 39033 1182 29 of of IN 39033 1182 30 the the DT 39033 1182 31 bars bar NNS 39033 1182 32 when when WRB 39033 1182 33 they -PRON- PRP 39033 1182 34 are be VBP 39033 1182 35 removed remove VBN 39033 1182 36 from from IN 39033 1182 37 the the DT 39033 1182 38 furnace furnace NN 39033 1182 39 . . . 39033 1183 1 The the DT 39033 1183 2 bars bar NNS 39033 1183 3 of of IN 39033 1183 4 blister blister NN 39033 1183 5 steel steel NN 39033 1183 6 are be VBP 39033 1183 7 broken break VBN 39033 1183 8 into into IN 39033 1183 9 pieces piece NNS 39033 1183 10 about about IN 39033 1183 11 18 18 CD 39033 1183 12 inches inch NNS 39033 1183 13 long long JJ 39033 1183 14 , , , 39033 1183 15 and and CC 39033 1183 16 tied tie VBN 39033 1183 17 together together RB 39033 1183 18 in in IN 39033 1183 19 bundles bundle NNS 39033 1183 20 by by IN 39033 1183 21 strong strong JJ 39033 1183 22 steel steel NN 39033 1183 23 wire wire NN 39033 1183 24 . . . 39033 1184 1 These these DT 39033 1184 2 bundles bundle NNS 39033 1184 3 are be VBP 39033 1184 4 raised raise VBN 39033 1184 5 to to IN 39033 1184 6 a a DT 39033 1184 7 welding weld VBG 39033 1184 8 heat heat NN 39033 1184 9 in in IN 39033 1184 10 a a DT 39033 1184 11 furnace furnace NN 39033 1184 12 , , , 39033 1184 13 and and CC 39033 1184 14 then then RB 39033 1184 15 hammered hammer VBD 39033 1184 16 or or CC 39033 1184 17 rolled roll VBN 39033 1184 18 into into IN 39033 1184 19 bars bar NNS 39033 1184 20 of of IN 39033 1184 21 _ _ NNP 39033 1184 22 shear shear NN 39033 1184 23 steel steel NN 39033 1184 24 _ _ NNP 39033 1184 25 . . . 39033 1185 1 To to TO 39033 1185 2 form form VB 39033 1185 3 _ _ NNP 39033 1185 4 cast cast VBD 39033 1185 5 steel steel NN 39033 1185 6 _ _ IN 39033 1185 7 the the DT 39033 1185 8 bars bar NNS 39033 1185 9 of of IN 39033 1185 10 blister blister NN 39033 1185 11 steel steel NN 39033 1185 12 are be VBP 39033 1185 13 broken break VBN 39033 1185 14 into into IN 39033 1185 15 pieces piece NNS 39033 1185 16 and and CC 39033 1185 17 melted melt VBN 39033 1185 18 into into IN 39033 1185 19 crucibles crucible NNS 39033 1185 20 . . . 39033 1186 1 In in IN 39033 1186 2 the the DT 39033 1186 3 _ _ NNP 39033 1186 4 Siemens Siemens NNP 39033 1186 5 - - HYPH 39033 1186 6 Martin Martin NNP 39033 1186 7 _ _ NNP 39033 1186 8 process process NN 39033 1186 9 for for IN 39033 1186 10 making make VBG 39033 1186 11 steel steel NN 39033 1186 12 , , , 39033 1186 13 cast cast VBN 39033 1186 14 and and CC 39033 1186 15 wrought wrought NN 39033 1186 16 iron iron NN 39033 1186 17 are be VBP 39033 1186 18 melted melt VBN 39033 1186 19 together together RB 39033 1186 20 on on IN 39033 1186 21 the the DT 39033 1186 22 hearth hearth NN 39033 1186 23 of of IN 39033 1186 24 a a DT 39033 1186 25 regenerative regenerative JJ 39033 1186 26 gas gas NN 39033 1186 27 - - HYPH 39033 1186 28 furnace furnace NN 39033 1186 29 . . . 39033 1187 1 _ _ NNP 39033 1187 2 Bessemer Bessemer NNP 39033 1187 3 steel steel NN 39033 1187 4 _ _ NNP 39033 1187 5 is be VBZ 39033 1187 6 made make VBN 39033 1187 7 by by IN 39033 1187 8 pouring pour VBG 39033 1187 9 melted melt VBN 39033 1187 10 cast cast NN 39033 1187 11 iron iron NN 39033 1187 12 into into IN 39033 1187 13 a a DT 39033 1187 14 vessel vessel NN 39033 1187 15 called call VBN 39033 1187 16 a a DT 39033 1187 17 converter converter NN 39033 1187 18 , , , 39033 1187 19 through through IN 39033 1187 20 which which WDT 39033 1187 21 a a DT 39033 1187 22 blast blast NN 39033 1187 23 of of IN 39033 1187 24 air air NN 39033 1187 25 is be VBZ 39033 1187 26 then then RB 39033 1187 27 urged urge VBN 39033 1187 28 . . . 39033 1188 1 By by IN 39033 1188 2 this this DT 39033 1188 3 means mean VBZ 39033 1188 4 the the DT 39033 1188 5 carbon carbon NN 39033 1188 6 is be VBZ 39033 1188 7 burned burn VBN 39033 1188 8 out out RP 39033 1188 9 , , , 39033 1188 10 and and CC 39033 1188 11 comparatively comparatively RB 39033 1188 12 pure pure JJ 39033 1188 13 iron iron NN 39033 1188 14 remains remain VBZ 39033 1188 15 . . . 39033 1189 1 To to IN 39033 1189 2 this this DT 39033 1189 3 is be VBZ 39033 1189 4 added add VBN 39033 1189 5 a a DT 39033 1189 6 certain certain JJ 39033 1189 7 quantity quantity NN 39033 1189 8 of of IN 39033 1189 9 ' ' `` 39033 1189 10 spiegeleisen spiegeleisen NN 39033 1189 11 , , , 39033 1189 12 ' ' '' 39033 1189 13 which which WDT 39033 1189 14 is be VBZ 39033 1189 15 a a DT 39033 1189 16 compound compound NN 39033 1189 17 of of IN 39033 1189 18 iron iron NN 39033 1189 19 , , , 39033 1189 20 carbon carbon NN 39033 1189 21 , , , 39033 1189 22 and and CC 39033 1189 23 manganese manganese JJ 39033 1189 24 . . . 39033 1190 1 _ _ NNP 39033 1190 2 Hardening Hardening NNP 39033 1190 3 and and CC 39033 1190 4 Tempering Tempering NNP 39033 1190 5 of of IN 39033 1190 6 Steel._--Steel Steel._--Steel NNS 39033 1190 7 , , , 39033 1190 8 if if IN 39033 1190 9 heated heat VBN 39033 1190 10 to to IN 39033 1190 11 redness redness NN 39033 1190 12 and and CC 39033 1190 13 cooled cool VBD 39033 1190 14 suddenly suddenly RB 39033 1190 15 , , , 39033 1190 16 as as IN 39033 1190 17 by by IN 39033 1190 18 immersion immersion NN 39033 1190 19 in in IN 39033 1190 20 water water NN 39033 1190 21 , , , 39033 1190 22 is be VBZ 39033 1190 23 hardened harden VBN 39033 1190 24 . . . 39033 1191 1 The the DT 39033 1191 2 degree degree NN 39033 1191 3 of of IN 39033 1191 4 hardness hardness NN 39033 1191 5 produced produce VBN 39033 1191 6 varies varie NNS 39033 1191 7 with with IN 39033 1191 8 the the DT 39033 1191 9 rate rate NN 39033 1191 10 of of IN 39033 1191 11 cooling cooling NN 39033 1191 12 ; ; : 39033 1191 13 the the DT 39033 1191 14 more more RBR 39033 1191 15 rapidly rapidly RB 39033 1191 16 the the DT 39033 1191 17 heated heat VBN 39033 1191 18 steel steel NN 39033 1191 19 is be VBZ 39033 1191 20 cooled cool VBN 39033 1191 21 , , , 39033 1191 22 the the DT 39033 1191 23 harder hard JJR 39033 1191 24 does do VBZ 39033 1191 25 it -PRON- PRP 39033 1191 26 become become VB 39033 1191 27 . . . 39033 1192 1 Hardened harden VBN 39033 1192 2 steel steel NN 39033 1192 3 is be VBZ 39033 1192 4 softened soften VBN 39033 1192 5 by by IN 39033 1192 6 the the DT 39033 1192 7 process process NN 39033 1192 8 of of IN 39033 1192 9 _ _ NNP 39033 1192 10 annealing anneal VBG 39033 1192 11 _ _ NNP 39033 1192 12 , , , 39033 1192 13 which which WDT 39033 1192 14 consists consist VBZ 39033 1192 15 in in IN 39033 1192 16 heating heat VBG 39033 1192 17 the the DT 39033 1192 18 hardened harden VBN 39033 1192 19 steel steel NN 39033 1192 20 to to IN 39033 1192 21 redness redness NN 39033 1192 22 , , , 39033 1192 23 and and CC 39033 1192 24 then then RB 39033 1192 25 allowing allow VBG 39033 1192 26 it -PRON- PRP 39033 1192 27 to to TO 39033 1192 28 cool cool VB 39033 1192 29 slowly slowly RB 39033 1192 30 . . . 39033 1193 1 Hardened harden VBN 39033 1193 2 steel steel NN 39033 1193 3 is be VBZ 39033 1193 4 _ _ NNP 39033 1193 5 tempered temper VBN 39033 1193 6 _ _ NNP 39033 1193 7 , , , 39033 1193 8 or or CC 39033 1193 9 has have VBZ 39033 1193 10 its -PRON- PRP$ 39033 1193 11 degree degree NN 39033 1193 12 of of IN 39033 1193 13 hardness hardness NN 39033 1193 14 lowered lower VBN 39033 1193 15 , , , 39033 1193 16 by by IN 39033 1193 17 being be VBG 39033 1193 18 heated heat VBN 39033 1193 19 to to IN 39033 1193 20 a a DT 39033 1193 21 temperature temperature NN 39033 1193 22 considerably considerably RB 39033 1193 23 below below IN 39033 1193 24 that that DT 39033 1193 25 of of IN 39033 1193 26 a a DT 39033 1193 27 red red JJ 39033 1193 28 heat heat NN 39033 1193 29 , , , 39033 1193 30 and and CC 39033 1193 31 then then RB 39033 1193 32 cooling cool VBG 39033 1193 33 suddenly suddenly RB 39033 1193 34 . . . 39033 1194 1 The the DT 39033 1194 2 higher high JJR 39033 1194 3 the the DT 39033 1194 4 temperature temperature NN 39033 1194 5 the the DT 39033 1194 6 hardened hardened JJ 39033 1194 7 steel steel NN 39033 1194 8 is be VBZ 39033 1194 9 raised raise VBN 39033 1194 10 to to IN 39033 1194 11 , , , 39033 1194 12 the the DT 39033 1194 13 lower low JJR 39033 1194 14 does do VBZ 39033 1194 15 its -PRON- PRP$ 39033 1194 16 ' ' `` 39033 1194 17 temper temper NN 39033 1194 18 ' ' '' 39033 1194 19 become become VBP 39033 1194 20 . . . 39033 1195 1 _ _ NNP 39033 1195 2 Case Case NNP 39033 1195 3 - - , 39033 1195 4 hardening._--This hardening._--This '' 39033 1195 5 is be VBZ 39033 1195 6 the the DT 39033 1195 7 name name NN 39033 1195 8 given give VBN 39033 1195 9 to to IN 39033 1195 10 the the DT 39033 1195 11 process process NN 39033 1195 12 by by IN 39033 1195 13 which which WDT 39033 1195 14 the the DT 39033 1195 15 surfaces surface NNS 39033 1195 16 of of IN 39033 1195 17 articles article NNS 39033 1195 18 made make VBN 39033 1195 19 of of IN 39033 1195 20 wrought wrought NN 39033 1195 21 iron iron NN 39033 1195 22 are be VBP 39033 1195 23 converted convert VBN 39033 1195 24 into into IN 39033 1195 25 steel steel NN 39033 1195 26 , , , 39033 1195 27 and and CC 39033 1195 28 consists consist VBZ 39033 1195 29 in in IN 39033 1195 30 heating heat VBG 39033 1195 31 the the DT 39033 1195 32 articles article NNS 39033 1195 33 in in IN 39033 1195 34 contact contact NN 39033 1195 35 with with IN 39033 1195 36 substances substance NNS 39033 1195 37 rich rich JJ 39033 1195 38 in in IN 39033 1195 39 carbon carbon NN 39033 1195 40 , , , 39033 1195 41 such such JJ 39033 1195 42 as as IN 39033 1195 43 bone bone NN 39033 1195 44 - - HYPH 39033 1195 45 dust dust NN 39033 1195 46 , , , 39033 1195 47 horn horn NN 39033 1195 48 shavings shaving NNS 39033 1195 49 , , , 39033 1195 50 or or CC 39033 1195 51 yellow yellow JJ 39033 1195 52 prussiate prussiate NN 39033 1195 53 of of IN 39033 1195 54 potash potash NN 39033 1195 55 . . . 39033 1196 1 This this DT 39033 1196 2 process process NN 39033 1196 3 is be VBZ 39033 1196 4 generally generally RB 39033 1196 5 applied apply VBN 39033 1196 6 to to IN 39033 1196 7 the the DT 39033 1196 8 articles article NNS 39033 1196 9 after after IN 39033 1196 10 they -PRON- PRP 39033 1196 11 are be VBP 39033 1196 12 completely completely RB 39033 1196 13 finished finish VBN 39033 1196 14 by by IN 39033 1196 15 the the DT 39033 1196 16 machine machine NN 39033 1196 17 tools tool NNS 39033 1196 18 or or CC 39033 1196 19 by by IN 39033 1196 20 hand hand NN 39033 1196 21 . . . 39033 1197 1 The the DT 39033 1197 2 coating coating NN 39033 1197 3 of of IN 39033 1197 4 steel steel NN 39033 1197 5 produced produce VBN 39033 1197 6 on on IN 39033 1197 7 the the DT 39033 1197 8 article article NN 39033 1197 9 by by IN 39033 1197 10 this this DT 39033 1197 11 process process NN 39033 1197 12 is be VBZ 39033 1197 13 hardened harden VBN 39033 1197 14 by by IN 39033 1197 15 cooling cool VBG 39033 1197 16 the the DT 39033 1197 17 article article NN 39033 1197 18 suddenly suddenly RB 39033 1197 19 in in IN 39033 1197 20 water water NN 39033 1197 21 . . . 39033 1198 1 _ _ NNP 39033 1198 2 Copper._--This Copper._--This NNP 39033 1198 3 metal metal NN 39033 1198 4 has have VBZ 39033 1198 5 a a DT 39033 1198 6 reddish reddish JJ 39033 1198 7 brown brown JJ 39033 1198 8 colour colour NN 39033 1198 9 , , , 39033 1198 10 and and CC 39033 1198 11 when when WRB 39033 1198 12 pure pure JJ 39033 1198 13 is be VBZ 39033 1198 14 very very RB 39033 1198 15 malleable malleable JJ 39033 1198 16 and and CC 39033 1198 17 ductile ductile JJ 39033 1198 18 , , , 39033 1198 19 either either CC 39033 1198 20 when when WRB 39033 1198 21 cold cold JJ 39033 1198 22 or or CC 39033 1198 23 hot hot JJ 39033 1198 24 , , , 39033 1198 25 so so IN 39033 1198 26 that that IN 39033 1198 27 it -PRON- PRP 39033 1198 28 may may MD 39033 1198 29 be be VB 39033 1198 30 rolled roll VBN 39033 1198 31 or or CC 39033 1198 32 hammered hammer VBN 39033 1198 33 into into IN 39033 1198 34 thin thin JJ 39033 1198 35 plates plate NNS 39033 1198 36 , , , 39033 1198 37 or or CC 39033 1198 38 drawn draw VBN 39033 1198 39 into into IN 39033 1198 40 wire wire NN 39033 1198 41 . . . 39033 1199 1 Slight slight JJ 39033 1199 2 traces trace NNS 39033 1199 3 of of IN 39033 1199 4 impurities impurity NNS 39033 1199 5 cause cause VBP 39033 1199 6 brittleness brittleness NN 39033 1199 7 , , , 39033 1199 8 although although IN 39033 1199 9 from from IN 39033 1199 10 2 2 CD 39033 1199 11 to to IN 39033 1199 12 4 4 CD 39033 1199 13 per per NN 39033 1199 14 cent cent NN 39033 1199 15 . . . 39033 1200 1 of of IN 39033 1200 2 phosphorus phosphorus NNP 39033 1200 3 increases increase VBZ 39033 1200 4 its -PRON- PRP$ 39033 1200 5 tenacity tenacity NN 39033 1200 6 and and CC 39033 1200 7 fluidity fluidity NN 39033 1200 8 . . . 39033 1201 1 Copper copper NN 39033 1201 2 is be VBZ 39033 1201 3 a a DT 39033 1201 4 good good JJ 39033 1201 5 conductor conductor NN 39033 1201 6 of of IN 39033 1201 7 heat heat NN 39033 1201 8 and and CC 39033 1201 9 of of IN 39033 1201 10 electricity electricity NN 39033 1201 11 . . . 39033 1202 1 Copper copper NN 39033 1202 2 is be VBZ 39033 1202 3 largely largely RB 39033 1202 4 used use VBN 39033 1202 5 for for IN 39033 1202 6 making make VBG 39033 1202 7 alloys alloy NNS 39033 1202 8 . . . 39033 1203 1 _ _ NNP 39033 1203 2 Alloys._--_Brass Alloys._--_Brass NNP 39033 1203 3 _ _ NNP 39033 1203 4 contains contain VBZ 39033 1203 5 two two CD 39033 1203 6 parts part NNS 39033 1203 7 by by IN 39033 1203 8 weight weight NN 39033 1203 9 of of IN 39033 1203 10 copper copper NN 39033 1203 11 to to IN 39033 1203 12 one one CD 39033 1203 13 of of IN 39033 1203 14 zinc zinc NN 39033 1203 15 . . . 39033 1204 1 _ _ NNP 39033 1204 2 Muntz Muntz NNP 39033 1204 3 metal metal NN 39033 1204 4 _ _ NNP 39033 1204 5 consists consist VBZ 39033 1204 6 of of IN 39033 1204 7 three three CD 39033 1204 8 parts part NNS 39033 1204 9 of of IN 39033 1204 10 copper copper NN 39033 1204 11 to to IN 39033 1204 12 two two CD 39033 1204 13 of of IN 39033 1204 14 zinc zinc NN 39033 1204 15 . . . 39033 1205 1 Alloys alloy NNS 39033 1205 2 consisting consist VBG 39033 1205 3 of of IN 39033 1205 4 copper copper NN 39033 1205 5 and and CC 39033 1205 6 tin tin NN 39033 1205 7 are be VBP 39033 1205 8 called call VBN 39033 1205 9 _ _ NNP 39033 1205 10 bronze bronze NN 39033 1205 11 _ _ NNP 39033 1205 12 or or CC 39033 1205 13 _ _ NNP 39033 1205 14 gun gun NN 39033 1205 15 - - HYPH 39033 1205 16 metal metal NN 39033 1205 17 _ _ NNP 39033 1205 18 . . . 39033 1206 1 Bronze bronze NN 39033 1206 2 is be VBZ 39033 1206 3 harder hard JJR 39033 1206 4 the the DT 39033 1206 5 greater great JJR 39033 1206 6 the the DT 39033 1206 7 proportion proportion NN 39033 1206 8 of of IN 39033 1206 9 tin tin NN 39033 1206 10 which which WDT 39033 1206 11 it -PRON- PRP 39033 1206 12 contains contain VBZ 39033 1206 13 ; ; : 39033 1206 14 five five CD 39033 1206 15 parts part NNS 39033 1206 16 of of IN 39033 1206 17 copper copper NN 39033 1206 18 to to IN 39033 1206 19 one one CD 39033 1206 20 of of IN 39033 1206 21 tin tin NN 39033 1206 22 produce produce NN 39033 1206 23 a a DT 39033 1206 24 very very RB 39033 1206 25 hard hard JJ 39033 1206 26 bronze bronze NN 39033 1206 27 , , , 39033 1206 28 and and CC 39033 1206 29 ten ten CD 39033 1206 30 of of IN 39033 1206 31 copper copper NN 39033 1206 32 to to IN 39033 1206 33 one one CD 39033 1206 34 of of IN 39033 1206 35 tin tin NN 39033 1206 36 is be VBZ 39033 1206 37 the the DT 39033 1206 38 composition composition NN 39033 1206 39 of of IN 39033 1206 40 a a DT 39033 1206 41 soft soft JJ 39033 1206 42 bronze bronze NN 39033 1206 43 . . . 39033 1207 1 _ _ NNP 39033 1207 2 Phosphor Phosphor NNP 39033 1207 3 bronze bronze NN 39033 1207 4 _ _ NNP 39033 1207 5 contains contain VBZ 39033 1207 6 copper copper NN 39033 1207 7 and and CC 39033 1207 8 tin tin NN 39033 1207 9 with with IN 39033 1207 10 a a DT 39033 1207 11 little little JJ 39033 1207 12 phosphorus phosphorus NN 39033 1207 13 ; ; : 39033 1207 14 it -PRON- PRP 39033 1207 15 has have VBZ 39033 1207 16 this this DT 39033 1207 17 advantage advantage NN 39033 1207 18 over over IN 39033 1207 19 ordinary ordinary JJ 39033 1207 20 bronze bronze NN 39033 1207 21 , , , 39033 1207 22 that that IN 39033 1207 23 it -PRON- PRP 39033 1207 24 may may MD 39033 1207 25 be be VB 39033 1207 26 remelted remelte VBN 39033 1207 27 without without IN 39033 1207 28 deteriorating deteriorate VBG 39033 1207 29 in in IN 39033 1207 30 quality quality NN 39033 1207 31 . . . 39033 1208 1 This this DT 39033 1208 2 alloy alloy NN 39033 1208 3 also also RB 39033 1208 4 has have VBZ 39033 1208 5 the the DT 39033 1208 6 advantage advantage NN 39033 1208 7 that that IN 39033 1208 8 it -PRON- PRP 39033 1208 9 may may MD 39033 1208 10 be be VB 39033 1208 11 made make VBN 39033 1208 12 to to TO 39033 1208 13 possess possess VB 39033 1208 14 great great JJ 39033 1208 15 strength strength NN 39033 1208 16 accompanied accompany VBN 39033 1208 17 with with IN 39033 1208 18 hardness hardness NN 39033 1208 19 , , , 39033 1208 20 or or CC 39033 1208 21 less less JJR 39033 1208 22 strength strength NN 39033 1208 23 with with IN 39033 1208 24 a a DT 39033 1208 25 high high JJ 39033 1208 26 degree degree NN 39033 1208 27 of of IN 39033 1208 28 toughness toughness NN 39033 1208 29 . . . 39033 1209 1 _ _ NNP 39033 1209 2 Wood._--In Wood._--In NNP 39033 1209 3 the the DT 39033 1209 4 early early JJ 39033 1209 5 days day NNS 39033 1209 6 of of IN 39033 1209 7 machines machine NNS 39033 1209 8 wood wood NN 39033 1209 9 was be VBD 39033 1209 10 largely largely RB 39033 1209 11 used use VBN 39033 1209 12 in in IN 39033 1209 13 their -PRON- PRP$ 39033 1209 14 construction construction NN 39033 1209 15 , , , 39033 1209 16 but but CC 39033 1209 17 it -PRON- PRP 39033 1209 18 is be VBZ 39033 1209 19 now now RB 39033 1209 20 used use VBN 39033 1209 21 to to IN 39033 1209 22 a a DT 39033 1209 23 very very RB 39033 1209 24 limited limited JJ 39033 1209 25 extent extent NN 39033 1209 26 in in IN 39033 1209 27 that that DT 39033 1209 28 direction direction NN 39033 1209 29 . . . 39033 1210 1 _ _ NNP 39033 1210 2 Beech Beech NNP 39033 1210 3 _ _ NNP 39033 1210 4 and and CC 39033 1210 5 _ _ NNP 39033 1210 6 hornbeam hornbeam NN 39033 1210 7 _ _ NNP 39033 1210 8 are be VBP 39033 1210 9 used use VBN 39033 1210 10 for for IN 39033 1210 11 the the DT 39033 1210 12 cogs cog NNS 39033 1210 13 of of IN 39033 1210 14 mortise mortise NN 39033 1210 15 wheels wheel NNS 39033 1210 16 . . . 39033 1211 1 _ _ NNP 39033 1211 2 Yellow yellow JJ 39033 1211 3 pine pine NN 39033 1211 4 _ _ NNP 39033 1211 5 is be VBZ 39033 1211 6 much much RB 39033 1211 7 used use VBN 39033 1211 8 by by IN 39033 1211 9 pattern pattern NN 39033 1211 10 - - HYPH 39033 1211 11 makers maker NNS 39033 1211 12 . . . 39033 1212 1 _ _ NNP 39033 1212 2 Box Box NNP 39033 1212 3 _ _ NNP 39033 1212 4 , , , 39033 1212 5 a a DT 39033 1212 6 heavy heavy JJ 39033 1212 7 , , , 39033 1212 8 hard hard JJ 39033 1212 9 , , , 39033 1212 10 yellow yellow JJ 39033 1212 11 - - HYPH 39033 1212 12 coloured coloured JJ 39033 1212 13 wood wood NN 39033 1212 14 , , , 39033 1212 15 is be VBZ 39033 1212 16 used use VBN 39033 1212 17 for for IN 39033 1212 18 the the DT 39033 1212 19 sheaves sheaf NNS 39033 1212 20 of of IN 39033 1212 21 pulley pulley NN 39033 1212 22 blocks block NNS 39033 1212 23 , , , 39033 1212 24 and and CC 39033 1212 25 sometimes sometimes RB 39033 1212 26 for for IN 39033 1212 27 bearings bearing NNS 39033 1212 28 in in IN 39033 1212 29 machines machine NNS 39033 1212 30 . . . 39033 1213 1 _ _ NNP 39033 1213 2 Lignum Lignum NNP 39033 1213 3 - - HYPH 39033 1213 4 vitæ vitæ NNP 39033 1213 5 _ _ NNP 39033 1213 6 is be VBZ 39033 1213 7 a a DT 39033 1213 8 very very RB 39033 1213 9 hard hard JJ 39033 1213 10 dark dark JJ 39033 1213 11 - - HYPH 39033 1213 12 coloured coloured JJ 39033 1213 13 wood wood NN 39033 1213 14 , , , 39033 1213 15 and and CC 39033 1213 16 remarkable remarkable JJ 39033 1213 17 for for IN 39033 1213 18 its -PRON- PRP$ 39033 1213 19 high high JJ 39033 1213 20 specific specific JJ 39033 1213 21 gravity gravity NN 39033 1213 22 , , , 39033 1213 23 being be VBG 39033 1213 24 1 1 CD 39033 1213 25 - - SYM 39033 1213 26 1/3 1/3 CD 39033 1213 27 times time NNS 39033 1213 28 the the DT 39033 1213 29 weight weight NN 39033 1213 30 of of IN 39033 1213 31 the the DT 39033 1213 32 same same JJ 39033 1213 33 volume volume NN 39033 1213 34 of of IN 39033 1213 35 water water NN 39033 1213 36 . . . 39033 1214 1 This this DT 39033 1214 2 wood wood NN 39033 1214 3 is be VBZ 39033 1214 4 much much RB 39033 1214 5 used use VBN 39033 1214 6 for for IN 39033 1214 7 bearings bearing NNS 39033 1214 8 of of IN 39033 1214 9 machines machine NNS 39033 1214 10 which which WDT 39033 1214 11 are be VBP 39033 1214 12 under under IN 39033 1214 13 water water NN 39033 1214 14 . . . 39033 1215 1 XVIII xviii NN 39033 1215 2 . . . 39033 1216 1 MISCELLANEOUS miscellaneous JJ 39033 1216 2 EXERCISES exercise NNS 39033 1216 3 . . . 39033 1217 1 The the DT 39033 1217 2 illustrations illustration NNS 39033 1217 3 in in IN 39033 1217 4 this this DT 39033 1217 5 chapter chapter NN 39033 1217 6 are be VBP 39033 1217 7 in in IN 39033 1217 8 most most JJS 39033 1217 9 cases case NNS 39033 1217 10 not not RB 39033 1217 11 drawn draw VBN 39033 1217 12 to to TO 39033 1217 13 scale scale VB 39033 1217 14 ; ; : 39033 1217 15 they -PRON- PRP 39033 1217 16 are be VBP 39033 1217 17 also also RB 39033 1217 18 in in IN 39033 1217 19 some some DT 39033 1217 20 parts part NNS 39033 1217 21 incomplete incomplete JJ 39033 1217 22 , , , 39033 1217 23 and and CC 39033 1217 24 in in IN 39033 1217 25 others other NNS 39033 1217 26 some some DT 39033 1217 27 of of IN 39033 1217 28 the the DT 39033 1217 29 lines line NNS 39033 1217 30 are be VBP 39033 1217 31 purposely purposely RB 39033 1217 32 drawn draw VBN 39033 1217 33 wrong wrong RB 39033 1217 34 . . . 39033 1218 1 The the DT 39033 1218 2 student student NN 39033 1218 3 must must MD 39033 1218 4 keep keep VB 39033 1218 5 to to IN 39033 1218 6 the the DT 39033 1218 7 dimensions dimension NNS 39033 1218 8 marked mark VBN 39033 1218 9 on on IN 39033 1218 10 the the DT 39033 1218 11 drawings drawing NNS 39033 1218 12 , , , 39033 1218 13 and and CC 39033 1218 14 where where WRB 39033 1218 15 no no DT 39033 1218 16 sizes size NNS 39033 1218 17 are be VBP 39033 1218 18 given give VBN 39033 1218 19 he -PRON- PRP 39033 1218 20 must must MD 39033 1218 21 use use VB 39033 1218 22 his -PRON- PRP$ 39033 1218 23 own own JJ 39033 1218 24 judgment judgment NN 39033 1218 25 in in IN 39033 1218 26 proportioning proportion VBG 39033 1218 27 the the DT 39033 1218 28 parts part NNS 39033 1218 29 . . . 39033 1219 1 All all DT 39033 1219 2 errors error NNS 39033 1219 3 must must MD 39033 1219 4 be be VB 39033 1219 5 corrected correct VBN 39033 1219 6 , , , 39033 1219 7 and and CC 39033 1219 8 any any DT 39033 1219 9 details detail NNS 39033 1219 10 required require VBN 39033 1219 11 , , , 39033 1219 12 but but CC 39033 1219 13 not not RB 39033 1219 14 shown show VBN 39033 1219 15 completely completely RB 39033 1219 16 in in IN 39033 1219 17 the the DT 39033 1219 18 illustrations illustration NNS 39033 1219 19 , , , 39033 1219 20 must must MD 39033 1219 21 be be VB 39033 1219 22 filled fill VBN 39033 1219 23 in in IN 39033 1219 24 . . . 39033 1220 1 EXERCISE EXERCISE NNP 39033 1220 2 62 62 CD 39033 1220 3 : : : 39033 1220 4 _ _ NNP 39033 1220 5 Single Single NNP 39033 1220 6 Riveted rivet VBN 39033 1220 7 Butt Butt NNP 39033 1220 8 Joint Joint NNP 39033 1220 9 with with IN 39033 1220 10 Tee tee NN 39033 1220 11 - - HYPH 39033 1220 12 iron iron NN 39033 1220 13 Cover Cover NNP 39033 1220 14 Strap._--Two strap._--two CD 39033 1220 15 views view NNS 39033 1220 16 , , , 39033 1220 17 one one CD 39033 1220 18 a a DT 39033 1220 19 side side NN 39033 1220 20 elevation elevation NN 39033 1220 21 and and CC 39033 1220 22 the the DT 39033 1220 23 other other JJ 39033 1220 24 a a DT 39033 1220 25 sectional sectional JJ 39033 1220 26 elevation elevation NN 39033 1220 27 , , , 39033 1220 28 of of IN 39033 1220 29 a a DT 39033 1220 30 riveted rivet VBN 39033 1220 31 joint joint NN 39033 1220 32 are be VBP 39033 1220 33 shown show VBN 39033 1220 34 in in IN 39033 1220 35 fig fig NN 39033 1220 36 . . . 39033 1221 1 60 60 CD 39033 1221 2 . . . 39033 1222 1 Draw draw VB 39033 1222 2 these these DT 39033 1222 3 views view NNS 39033 1222 4 , , , 39033 1222 5 and and CC 39033 1222 6 also also RB 39033 1222 7 a a DT 39033 1222 8 plan plan NN 39033 1222 9 projected project VBN 39033 1222 10 from from IN 39033 1222 11 one one CD 39033 1222 12 of of IN 39033 1222 13 them -PRON- PRP 39033 1222 14 . . . 39033 1223 1 Show show VB 39033 1223 2 the the DT 39033 1223 3 rivets rivet NNS 39033 1223 4 completely completely RB 39033 1223 5 in in IN 39033 1223 6 all all PDT 39033 1223 7 the the DT 39033 1223 8 views view NNS 39033 1223 9 . . . 39033 1224 1 Scale scale NN 39033 1224 2 4 4 CD 39033 1224 3 inches inch NNS 39033 1224 4 to to IN 39033 1224 5 a a DT 39033 1224 6 foot foot NN 39033 1224 7 . . . 39033 1225 1 [ [ -LRB- 39033 1225 2 Illustration illustration NN 39033 1225 3 : : : 39033 1225 4 FIG FIG NNP 39033 1225 5 . . . 39033 1226 1 60 60 CD 39033 1226 2 . . . 39033 1226 3 ] ] -RRB- 39033 1227 1 [ [ -LRB- 39033 1227 2 Illustration illustration NN 39033 1227 3 : : : 39033 1227 4 FIG FIG NNP 39033 1227 5 . . . 39033 1228 1 61 61 CD 39033 1228 2 . . . 39033 1228 3 ] ] -RRB- 39033 1229 1 EXERCISE EXERCISE NNP 39033 1229 2 63 63 CD 39033 1229 3 : : : 39033 1229 4 _ _ NNP 39033 1229 5 Girder Girder NNP 39033 1229 6 Stay stay VB 39033 1229 7 for for IN 39033 1229 8 Steam Steam NNP 39033 1229 9 Boiler._--The boiler._--the SYM 39033 1229 10 flat flat JJ 39033 1229 11 crown crown NN 39033 1229 12 of of IN 39033 1229 13 the the DT 39033 1229 14 fire fire NN 39033 1229 15 - - HYPH 39033 1229 16 box box NN 39033 1229 17 of of IN 39033 1229 18 locomotive locomotive JJ 39033 1229 19 and and CC 39033 1229 20 marine marine JJ 39033 1229 21 boilers boiler NNS 39033 1229 22 is be VBZ 39033 1229 23 generally generally RB 39033 1229 24 supported support VBN 39033 1229 25 or or CC 39033 1229 26 stayed stay VBN 39033 1229 27 by by IN 39033 1229 28 means mean NNS 39033 1229 29 of of IN 39033 1229 30 girder girder NN 39033 1229 31 stays stay VBZ 39033 1229 32 , , , 39033 1229 33 an an DT 39033 1229 34 example example NN 39033 1229 35 of of IN 39033 1229 36 which which WDT 39033 1229 37 is be VBZ 39033 1229 38 shown show VBN 39033 1229 39 in in IN 39033 1229 40 fig fig NN 39033 1229 41 . . . 39033 1230 1 61 61 CD 39033 1230 2 . . . 39033 1231 1 A a DT 39033 1231 2 B b NN 39033 1231 3 is be VBZ 39033 1231 4 the the DT 39033 1231 5 side side NN 39033 1231 6 elevation elevation NN 39033 1231 7 of of IN 39033 1231 8 a a DT 39033 1231 9 portion portion NN 39033 1231 10 of of IN 39033 1231 11 one one CD 39033 1231 12 of of IN 39033 1231 13 these these DT 39033 1231 14 girders girder NNS 39033 1231 15 . . . 39033 1232 1 Each each DT 39033 1232 2 girder girder NN 39033 1232 3 is be VBZ 39033 1232 4 supported support VBN 39033 1232 5 at at IN 39033 1232 6 its -PRON- PRP$ 39033 1232 7 ends end NNS 39033 1232 8 by by IN 39033 1232 9 the the DT 39033 1232 10 plates plate NNS 39033 1232 11 forming form VBG 39033 1232 12 the the DT 39033 1232 13 vertical vertical JJ 39033 1232 14 sides side NNS 39033 1232 15 of of IN 39033 1232 16 the the DT 39033 1232 17 fire fire NN 39033 1232 18 - - HYPH 39033 1232 19 box box NN 39033 1232 20 . . . 39033 1233 1 The the DT 39033 1233 2 flat flat JJ 39033 1233 3 crown crown NN 39033 1233 4 is be VBZ 39033 1233 5 bolted bolt VBN 39033 1233 6 to to IN 39033 1233 7 the the DT 39033 1233 8 girders girder NNS 39033 1233 9 as as IN 39033 1233 10 shown show VBN 39033 1233 11 . . . 39033 1234 1 Observe observe VB 39033 1234 2 that that IN 39033 1234 3 the the DT 39033 1234 4 girders girder NNS 39033 1234 5 are be VBP 39033 1234 6 in in IN 39033 1234 7 contact contact NN 39033 1234 8 with with IN 39033 1234 9 the the DT 39033 1234 10 crown crown NN 39033 1234 11 only only RB 39033 1234 12 in in IN 39033 1234 13 the the DT 39033 1234 14 neighbourhood neighbourhood NN 39033 1234 15 of of IN 39033 1234 16 the the DT 39033 1234 17 bolts bolt NNS 39033 1234 18 . . . 39033 1235 1 Consider consider VB 39033 1235 2 carefully carefully RB 39033 1235 3 this this DT 39033 1235 4 part part NN 39033 1235 5 of of IN 39033 1235 6 the the DT 39033 1235 7 design design NN 39033 1235 8 , , , 39033 1235 9 and and CC 39033 1235 10 then then RB 39033 1235 11 answer answer VB 39033 1235 12 the the DT 39033 1235 13 following follow VBG 39033 1235 14 questions question NNS 39033 1235 15 : : : 39033 1235 16 ( ( -LRB- 39033 1235 17 1 1 LS 39033 1235 18 ) ) -RRB- 39033 1235 19 What what WDT 39033 1235 20 objections objection NNS 39033 1235 21 are be VBP 39033 1235 22 there there RB 39033 1235 23 to to IN 39033 1235 24 supporting support VBG 39033 1235 25 the the DT 39033 1235 26 girders girder NNS 39033 1235 27 at at IN 39033 1235 28 the the DT 39033 1235 29 ends end NNS 39033 1235 30 only only RB 39033 1235 31 without without IN 39033 1235 32 the the DT 39033 1235 33 contact contact NN 39033 1235 34 pieces piece NNS 39033 1235 35 at at IN 39033 1235 36 the the DT 39033 1235 37 bolts bolt NNS 39033 1235 38 ? ? . 39033 1236 1 ( ( -LRB- 39033 1236 2 2 2 LS 39033 1236 3 ) ) -RRB- 39033 1236 4 What what WDT 39033 1236 5 objections objection NNS 39033 1236 6 are be VBP 39033 1236 7 there there RB 39033 1236 8 to to IN 39033 1236 9 having have VBG 39033 1236 10 the the DT 39033 1236 11 girders girder NNS 39033 1236 12 in in IN 39033 1236 13 contact contact NN 39033 1236 14 with with IN 39033 1236 15 the the DT 39033 1236 16 crown crown NN 39033 1236 17 plate plate NN 39033 1236 18 of of IN 39033 1236 19 the the DT 39033 1236 20 fire fire NN 39033 1236 21 - - HYPH 39033 1236 22 box box NN 39033 1236 23 throughout throughout IN 39033 1236 24 their -PRON- PRP$ 39033 1236 25 whole whole JJ 39033 1236 26 length length NN 39033 1236 27 ? ? . 39033 1237 1 Draw draw VB 39033 1237 2 the the DT 39033 1237 3 views view NNS 39033 1237 4 shown show VBN 39033 1237 5 in in IN 39033 1237 6 fig fig NN 39033 1237 7 . . . 39033 1238 1 61 61 CD 39033 1238 2 , , , 39033 1238 3 and and CC 39033 1238 4 from from IN 39033 1238 5 the the DT 39033 1238 6 right right JJ 39033 1238 7 - - HYPH 39033 1238 8 hand hand NN 39033 1238 9 one one CD 39033 1238 10 project project NN 39033 1238 11 a a DT 39033 1238 12 plan plan NN 39033 1238 13 . . . 39033 1239 1 Scale scale NN 39033 1239 2 4 4 CD 39033 1239 3 inches inch NNS 39033 1239 4 to to IN 39033 1239 5 a a DT 39033 1239 6 foot foot NN 39033 1239 7 . . . 39033 1240 1 [ [ -LRB- 39033 1240 2 Illustration illustration NN 39033 1240 3 : : : 39033 1240 4 FIG FIG NNP 39033 1240 5 . . . 39033 1241 1 62 62 CD 39033 1241 2 . . . 39033 1241 3 ] ] -RRB- 39033 1242 1 EXERCISE EXERCISE NNP 39033 1242 2 64 64 CD 39033 1242 3 : : : 39033 1242 4 _ _ NNP 39033 1242 5 End End NNP 39033 1242 6 of of IN 39033 1242 7 Bar Bar NNP 39033 1242 8 Stay stay VB 39033 1242 9 for for IN 39033 1242 10 Steam Steam NNP 39033 1242 11 Boiler._--On Boiler._--On NNS 39033 1242 12 page page NN 39033 1242 13 12 12 CD 39033 1242 14 one one CD 39033 1242 15 form form NN 39033 1242 16 of of IN 39033 1242 17 stay stay NN 39033 1242 18 for for IN 39033 1242 19 supporting support VBG 39033 1242 20 the the DT 39033 1242 21 flat flat JJ 39033 1242 22 end end NN 39033 1242 23 of of IN 39033 1242 24 a a DT 39033 1242 25 steam steam NN 39033 1242 26 boiler boiler NN 39033 1242 27 is be VBZ 39033 1242 28 described describe VBN 39033 1242 29 . . . 39033 1243 1 Another another DT 39033 1243 2 form form NN 39033 1243 3 of of IN 39033 1243 4 stay stay NN 39033 1243 5 for for IN 39033 1243 6 the the DT 39033 1243 7 same same JJ 39033 1243 8 purpose purpose NN 39033 1243 9 is be VBZ 39033 1243 10 shown show VBN 39033 1243 11 in in IN 39033 1243 12 fig fig NN 39033 1243 13 . . . 39033 1244 1 62 62 CD 39033 1244 2 . . . 39033 1245 1 A a DT 39033 1245 2 B b NN 39033 1245 3 is be VBZ 39033 1245 4 a a DT 39033 1245 5 portion portion NN 39033 1245 6 of of IN 39033 1245 7 the the DT 39033 1245 8 end end NN 39033 1245 9 of of IN 39033 1245 10 a a DT 39033 1245 11 steam steam NN 39033 1245 12 boiler boiler NN 39033 1245 13 . . . 39033 1246 1 C C NNP 39033 1246 2 D d NN 39033 1246 3 is be VBZ 39033 1246 4 one one CD 39033 1246 5 end end NN 39033 1246 6 of of IN 39033 1246 7 a a DT 39033 1246 8 bar bar NN 39033 1246 9 which which WDT 39033 1246 10 extends extend VBZ 39033 1246 11 from from IN 39033 1246 12 one one CD 39033 1246 13 end end NN 39033 1246 14 of of IN 39033 1246 15 the the DT 39033 1246 16 boiler boiler NN 39033 1246 17 to to IN 39033 1246 18 the the DT 39033 1246 19 other other JJ 39033 1246 20 . . . 39033 1247 1 The the DT 39033 1247 2 ends end NNS 39033 1247 3 of of IN 39033 1247 4 this this DT 39033 1247 5 bar bar NN 39033 1247 6 are be VBP 39033 1247 7 screwed screw VBN 39033 1247 8 , , , 39033 1247 9 and and CC 39033 1247 10 when when WRB 39033 1247 11 the the DT 39033 1247 12 bar bar NN 39033 1247 13 is be VBZ 39033 1247 14 of of IN 39033 1247 15 wrought wrought NN 39033 1247 16 iron iron NN 39033 1247 17 the the DT 39033 1247 18 screwed screw VBN 39033 1247 19 parts part NNS 39033 1247 20 are be VBP 39033 1247 21 generally generally RB 39033 1247 22 larger large JJR 39033 1247 23 in in IN 39033 1247 24 diameter diameter NN 39033 1247 25 than than IN 39033 1247 26 the the DT 39033 1247 27 rest rest NN 39033 1247 28 of of IN 39033 1247 29 the the DT 39033 1247 30 bar bar NN 39033 1247 31 . . . 39033 1248 1 When when WRB 39033 1248 2 made make VBN 39033 1248 3 of of IN 39033 1248 4 steel steel NN 39033 1248 5 the the DT 39033 1248 6 bar bar NN 39033 1248 7 is be VBZ 39033 1248 8 generally generally RB 39033 1248 9 of of IN 39033 1248 10 uniform uniform JJ 39033 1248 11 diameter diameter NN 39033 1248 12 throughout throughout IN 39033 1248 13 . . . 39033 1249 1 In in IN 39033 1249 2 the the DT 39033 1249 3 case case NN 39033 1249 4 of of IN 39033 1249 5 wrought wrought NN 39033 1249 6 - - HYPH 39033 1249 7 iron iron NN 39033 1249 8 bar bar NN 39033 1249 9 stays stay VBZ 39033 1249 10 the the DT 39033 1249 11 enlarged enlarged JJ 39033 1249 12 ends end NNS 39033 1249 13 are be VBP 39033 1249 14 welded weld VBN 39033 1249 15 on on RP 39033 1249 16 to to IN 39033 1249 17 the the DT 39033 1249 18 smaller small JJR 39033 1249 19 parts part NNS 39033 1249 20 . . . 39033 1250 1 Welding welding NN 39033 1250 2 is be VBZ 39033 1250 3 not not RB 39033 1250 4 so so RB 39033 1250 5 reliable reliable JJ 39033 1250 6 with with IN 39033 1250 7 steel steel NN 39033 1250 8 as as IN 39033 1250 9 with with IN 39033 1250 10 wrought wrought NN 39033 1250 11 iron iron NN 39033 1250 12 . . . 39033 1251 1 Write write VB 39033 1251 2 out out RP 39033 1251 3 answers answer NNS 39033 1251 4 to to IN 39033 1251 5 the the DT 39033 1251 6 following follow VBG 39033 1251 7 questions question NNS 39033 1251 8 : : : 39033 1251 9 ( ( -LRB- 39033 1251 10 1 1 LS 39033 1251 11 ) ) -RRB- 39033 1251 12 What what WP 39033 1251 13 is be VBZ 39033 1251 14 the the DT 39033 1251 15 advantage advantage NN 39033 1251 16 of of IN 39033 1251 17 having have VBG 39033 1251 18 the the DT 39033 1251 19 screwed screw VBN 39033 1251 20 part part NN 39033 1251 21 of of IN 39033 1251 22 the the DT 39033 1251 23 bar bar NN 39033 1251 24 larger large JJR 39033 1251 25 in in IN 39033 1251 26 diameter diameter NN 39033 1251 27 than than IN 39033 1251 28 the the DT 39033 1251 29 rest rest NN 39033 1251 30 ? ? . 39033 1252 1 ( ( -LRB- 39033 1252 2 2 2 LS 39033 1252 3 ) ) -RRB- 39033 1252 4 Why why WRB 39033 1252 5 are be VBP 39033 1252 6 steel steel NN 39033 1252 7 bar bar NN 39033 1252 8 stays stay VBZ 39033 1252 9 not not RB 39033 1252 10 generally generally RB 39033 1252 11 enlarged enlarge VBN 39033 1252 12 at at IN 39033 1252 13 their -PRON- PRP$ 39033 1252 14 screwed screw VBN 39033 1252 15 ends end NNS 39033 1252 16 ? ? . 39033 1253 1 Draw draw VB 39033 1253 2 the the DT 39033 1253 3 views view NNS 39033 1253 4 shown show VBN 39033 1253 5 in in IN 39033 1253 6 fig fig NN 39033 1253 7 . . . 39033 1254 1 62 62 CD 39033 1254 2 , , , 39033 1254 3 and and CC 39033 1254 4 project project NN 39033 1254 5 from from IN 39033 1254 6 one one CD 39033 1254 7 of of IN 39033 1254 8 them -PRON- PRP 39033 1254 9 a a DT 39033 1254 10 third third JJ 39033 1254 11 view view NN 39033 1254 12 . . . 39033 1255 1 Scale scale NN 39033 1255 2 4 4 CD 39033 1255 3 inches inch NNS 39033 1255 4 to to IN 39033 1255 5 a a DT 39033 1255 6 foot foot NN 39033 1255 7 . . . 39033 1256 1 EXERCISE EXERCISE NNP 39033 1256 2 65 65 CD 39033 1256 3 : : : 39033 1256 4 _ _ NNP 39033 1256 5 Knuckle Knuckle NNP 39033 1256 6 Joint._--Draw Joint._--Draw NNP 39033 1256 7 the the DT 39033 1256 8 plan plan NN 39033 1256 9 and and CC 39033 1256 10 elevation elevation NN 39033 1256 11 of of IN 39033 1256 12 this this DT 39033 1256 13 joint joint JJ 39033 1256 14 shown show VBN 39033 1256 15 in in IN 39033 1256 16 fig fig NN 39033 1256 17 . . . 39033 1257 1 63 63 CD 39033 1257 2 , , , 39033 1257 3 and and CC 39033 1257 4 also also RB 39033 1257 5 draw draw VB 39033 1257 6 an an DT 39033 1257 7 end end NN 39033 1257 8 elevation elevation NN 39033 1257 9 looking look VBG 39033 1257 10 in in IN 39033 1257 11 the the DT 39033 1257 12 direction direction NN 39033 1257 13 of of IN 39033 1257 14 the the DT 39033 1257 15 arrow arrow NN 39033 1257 16 . . . 39033 1258 1 The the DT 39033 1258 2 parts part NNS 39033 1258 3 at at IN 39033 1258 4 A a NN 39033 1258 5 and and CC 39033 1258 6 B b NN 39033 1258 7 are be VBP 39033 1258 8 octagonal octagonal JJ 39033 1258 9 in in IN 39033 1258 10 cross cross NN 39033 1258 11 section section NN 39033 1258 12 . . . 39033 1259 1 Scale scale NN 39033 1259 2 4 4 CD 39033 1259 3 inches inch NNS 39033 1259 4 to to IN 39033 1259 5 a a DT 39033 1259 6 foot foot NN 39033 1259 7 . . . 39033 1260 1 [ [ -LRB- 39033 1260 2 Illustration illustration NN 39033 1260 3 : : : 39033 1260 4 FIG FIG NNP 39033 1260 5 . . . 39033 1261 1 63 63 CD 39033 1261 2 . . . 39033 1261 3 ] ] -RRB- 39033 1262 1 EXERCISE EXERCISE NNP 39033 1262 2 66 66 CD 39033 1262 3 : : : 39033 1262 4 _ _ NNP 39033 1262 5 Locomotive Locomotive NNP 39033 1262 6 Coupling Coupling NNP 39033 1262 7 Rod Rod NNP 39033 1262 8 Ends._--A Ends._--A VBZ 39033 1262 9 form form NN 39033 1262 10 of of IN 39033 1262 11 knuckle knuckle NNP 39033 1262 12 joint joint NN 39033 1262 13 used use VBN 39033 1262 14 on on IN 39033 1262 15 locomotive locomotive JJ 39033 1262 16 coupling coupling NN 39033 1262 17 rods rod NNS 39033 1262 18 is be VBZ 39033 1262 19 shown show VBN 39033 1262 20 in in IN 39033 1262 21 fig fig NN 39033 1262 22 . . . 39033 1263 1 64 64 CD 39033 1263 2 . . . 39033 1264 1 In in IN 39033 1264 2 this this DT 39033 1264 3 case case NN 39033 1264 4 two two CD 39033 1264 5 rods rod NNS 39033 1264 6 meet meet VBP 39033 1264 7 and and CC 39033 1264 8 work work VBP 39033 1264 9 on on IN 39033 1264 10 the the DT 39033 1264 11 same same JJ 39033 1264 12 pin pin NN 39033 1264 13 , , , 39033 1264 14 as as IN 39033 1264 15 shown show VBN 39033 1264 16 at at IN 39033 1264 17 ( ( -LRB- 39033 1264 18 a a DT 39033 1264 19 ) ) -RRB- 39033 1264 20 fig fig NN 39033 1264 21 . . . 39033 1265 1 64 64 CD 39033 1265 2 . . . 39033 1266 1 Draw draw VB 39033 1266 2 , , , 39033 1266 3 in in IN 39033 1266 4 addition addition NN 39033 1266 5 to to IN 39033 1266 6 the the DT 39033 1266 7 views view NNS 39033 1266 8 shown show VBN 39033 1266 9 in in IN 39033 1266 10 fig fig NN 39033 1266 11 . . . 39033 1267 1 64 64 CD 39033 1267 2 , , , 39033 1267 3 a a DT 39033 1267 4 plan plan NN 39033 1267 5 and and CC 39033 1267 6 a a DT 39033 1267 7 vertical vertical JJ 39033 1267 8 section section NN 39033 1267 9 through through IN 39033 1267 10 the the DT 39033 1267 11 axis axis NN 39033 1267 12 of of IN 39033 1267 13 the the DT 39033 1267 14 pin pin NN 39033 1267 15 . . . 39033 1268 1 Scale scale NN 39033 1268 2 6 6 CD 39033 1268 3 inches inch NNS 39033 1268 4 to to IN 39033 1268 5 a a DT 39033 1268 6 foot foot NN 39033 1268 7 . . . 39033 1269 1 Would Would MD 39033 1269 2 it -PRON- PRP 39033 1269 3 be be VB 39033 1269 4 practicable practicable JJ 39033 1269 5 to to TO 39033 1269 6 replace replace VB 39033 1269 7 the the DT 39033 1269 8 two two CD 39033 1269 9 rods rod NNS 39033 1269 10 A a DT 39033 1269 11 B b NN 39033 1269 12 and and CC 39033 1269 13 B B NNP 39033 1269 14 C C NNP 39033 1269 15 by by IN 39033 1269 16 a a DT 39033 1269 17 single single JJ 39033 1269 18 rod rod NN 39033 1269 19 working work VBG 39033 1269 20 on on IN 39033 1269 21 the the DT 39033 1269 22 crank crank NN 39033 1269 23 pins pin NNS 39033 1269 24 at at IN 39033 1269 25 A a NN 39033 1269 26 , , , 39033 1269 27 B b NN 39033 1269 28 , , , 39033 1269 29 and and CC 39033 1269 30 C c NN 39033 1269 31 ? ? . 39033 1270 1 Give give VB 39033 1270 2 reasons reason NNS 39033 1270 3 for for IN 39033 1270 4 your -PRON- PRP$ 39033 1270 5 answer answer NN 39033 1270 6 . . . 39033 1271 1 [ [ -LRB- 39033 1271 2 Illustration illustration NN 39033 1271 3 : : : 39033 1271 4 FIG FIG NNP 39033 1271 5 . . . 39033 1272 1 64 64 CD 39033 1272 2 . . . 39033 1272 3 ] ] -RRB- 39033 1273 1 EXERCISE EXERCISE NNP 39033 1273 2 67 67 CD 39033 1273 3 : : : 39033 1273 4 _ _ NNP 39033 1273 5 Bell Bell NNP 39033 1273 6 Crank Crank NNP 39033 1273 7 Lever._--Draw lever._--draw VB 39033 1273 8 the the DT 39033 1273 9 plan plan NN 39033 1273 10 and and CC 39033 1273 11 elevation elevation NN 39033 1273 12 of of IN 39033 1273 13 the the DT 39033 1273 14 lever lever NN 39033 1273 15 shown show VBN 39033 1273 16 in in IN 39033 1273 17 fig fig NN 39033 1273 18 . . . 39033 1274 1 65 65 CD 39033 1274 2 . . . 39033 1275 1 Scale scale NN 39033 1275 2 6 6 CD 39033 1275 3 inches inch NNS 39033 1275 4 to to IN 39033 1275 5 a a DT 39033 1275 6 foot foot NN 39033 1275 7 . . . 39033 1276 1 [ [ -LRB- 39033 1276 2 Illustration illustration NN 39033 1276 3 : : : 39033 1276 4 FIG FIG NNP 39033 1276 5 . . . 39033 1277 1 65 65 CD 39033 1277 2 . . . 39033 1277 3 ] ] -RRB- 39033 1278 1 EXERCISE EXERCISE NNP 39033 1278 2 68 68 CD 39033 1278 3 : : : 39033 1278 4 _ _ NNP 39033 1278 5 Back back RB 39033 1278 6 Stay stay VB 39033 1278 7 for for IN 39033 1278 8 Lathe._--Draw Lathe._--Draw VBG 39033 1278 9 a a DT 39033 1278 10 plan plan NN 39033 1278 11 and and CC 39033 1278 12 two two CD 39033 1278 13 elevations elevation NNS 39033 1278 14 of of IN 39033 1278 15 the the DT 39033 1278 16 stay stay NN 39033 1278 17 shown show VBN 39033 1278 18 in in IN 39033 1278 19 fig fig NN 39033 1278 20 . . . 39033 1279 1 66 66 CD 39033 1279 2 . . . 39033 1280 1 Make make VB 39033 1280 2 all all DT 39033 1280 3 necessary necessary JJ 39033 1280 4 corrections correction NNS 39033 1280 5 and and CC 39033 1280 6 show show VBP 39033 1280 7 all all PDT 39033 1280 8 the the DT 39033 1280 9 details detail NNS 39033 1280 10 in in IN 39033 1280 11 each each DT 39033 1280 12 view view NN 39033 1280 13 . . . 39033 1281 1 Scale scale VB 39033 1281 2 full full JJ 39033 1281 3 size size NN 39033 1281 4 . . . 39033 1282 1 [ [ -LRB- 39033 1282 2 Illustration illustration NN 39033 1282 3 : : : 39033 1282 4 FIG FIG NNP 39033 1282 5 . . . 39033 1283 1 66 66 CD 39033 1283 2 . . . 39033 1283 3 ] ] -RRB- 39033 1284 1 [ [ -LRB- 39033 1284 2 Illustration illustration NN 39033 1284 3 : : : 39033 1284 4 FIG FIG NNP 39033 1284 5 . . . 39033 1285 1 67 67 CD 39033 1285 2 . . . 39033 1285 3 ] ] -RRB- 39033 1286 1 EXERCISE EXERCISE NNP 39033 1286 2 69 69 CD 39033 1286 3 : : : 39033 1286 4 _ _ NNP 39033 1286 5 Conical Conical NNP 39033 1286 6 Disc Disc NNP 39033 1286 7 Valve Valve NNP 39033 1286 8 and and CC 39033 1286 9 Casing._--Draw casing._--draw CD 39033 1286 10 , , , 39033 1286 11 half half NN 39033 1286 12 size size NN 39033 1286 13 , , , 39033 1286 14 the the DT 39033 1286 15 views view NNS 39033 1286 16 shown show VBN 39033 1286 17 in in IN 39033 1286 18 fig fig NN 39033 1286 19 . . . 39033 1287 1 67 67 CD 39033 1287 2 of of IN 39033 1287 3 the the DT 39033 1287 4 conical conical JJ 39033 1287 5 disc disc NN 39033 1287 6 valve valve NN 39033 1287 7 and and CC 39033 1287 8 casing casing NN 39033 1287 9 , , , 39033 1287 10 and and CC 39033 1287 11 also also RB 39033 1287 12 add add VB 39033 1287 13 an an DT 39033 1287 14 elevation elevation NN 39033 1287 15 looking look VBG 39033 1287 16 in in IN 39033 1287 17 the the DT 39033 1287 18 direction direction NN 39033 1287 19 of of IN 39033 1287 20 the the DT 39033 1287 21 arrow arrow NN 39033 1287 22 . . . 39033 1288 1 EXERCISE EXERCISE NNP 39033 1288 2 70 70 CD 39033 1288 3 : : : 39033 1288 4 _ _ NNP 39033 1288 5 Connecting Connecting NNP 39033 1288 6 Rod Rod NNP 39033 1288 7 End._--The End._--The NNP 39033 1288 8 student student NN 39033 1288 9 should should MD 39033 1288 10 carefully carefully RB 39033 1288 11 compare compare VB 39033 1288 12 this this DT 39033 1288 13 connecting connect VBG 39033 1288 14 rod rod NN 39033 1288 15 end end NN 39033 1288 16 ( ( -LRB- 39033 1288 17 fig fig NN 39033 1288 18 . . . 39033 1289 1 68 68 LS 39033 1289 2 ) ) -RRB- 39033 1289 3 with with IN 39033 1289 4 those those DT 39033 1289 5 illustrated illustrate VBN 39033 1289 6 on on IN 39033 1289 7 pages page NNS 39033 1289 8 50 50 CD 39033 1289 9 and and CC 39033 1289 10 52 52 CD 39033 1289 11 . . . 39033 1290 1 The the DT 39033 1290 2 lower low JJR 39033 1290 3 part part NN 39033 1290 4 of of IN 39033 1290 5 fig fig NN 39033 1290 6 . . . 39033 1291 1 68 68 CD 39033 1291 2 is be VBZ 39033 1291 3 a a DT 39033 1291 4 half half JJ 39033 1291 5 plan plan NN 39033 1291 6 and and CC 39033 1291 7 half half JJ 39033 1291 8 horizontal horizontal JJ 39033 1291 9 section section NN 39033 1291 10 , , , 39033 1291 11 and and CC 39033 1291 12 the the DT 39033 1291 13 upper upper JJ 39033 1291 14 part part NN 39033 1291 15 is be VBZ 39033 1291 16 a a DT 39033 1291 17 half half JJ 39033 1291 18 side side NN 39033 1291 19 elevation elevation NN 39033 1291 20 and and CC 39033 1291 21 half half JJ 39033 1291 22 vertical vertical JJ 39033 1291 23 section section NN 39033 1291 24 . . . 39033 1292 1 Draw draw VB 39033 1292 2 these these DT 39033 1292 3 views view NNS 39033 1292 4 and and CC 39033 1292 5 also also RB 39033 1292 6 an an DT 39033 1292 7 end end NN 39033 1292 8 elevation elevation NN 39033 1292 9 . . . 39033 1293 1 Scale scale NN 39033 1293 2 6 6 CD 39033 1293 3 inches inch NNS 39033 1293 4 to to IN 39033 1293 5 a a DT 39033 1293 6 foot foot NN 39033 1293 7 . . . 39033 1294 1 [ [ -LRB- 39033 1294 2 Illustration illustration NN 39033 1294 3 : : : 39033 1294 4 FIG FIG NNP 39033 1294 5 . . . 39033 1295 1 68 68 CD 39033 1295 2 . . . 39033 1295 3 ] ] -RRB- 39033 1296 1 [ [ -LRB- 39033 1296 2 Illustration illustration NN 39033 1296 3 : : : 39033 1296 4 FIG FIG NNP 39033 1296 5 . . . 39033 1297 1 69 69 CD 39033 1297 2 . . . 39033 1297 3 ] ] -RRB- 39033 1298 1 [ [ -LRB- 39033 1298 2 Illustration illustration NN 39033 1298 3 : : : 39033 1298 4 FIG FIG NNP 39033 1298 5 . . . 39033 1299 1 70 70 CD 39033 1299 2 . . . 39033 1299 3 ] ] -RRB- 39033 1300 1 [ [ -LRB- 39033 1300 2 Illustration illustration NN 39033 1300 3 : : : 39033 1300 4 FIG FIG NNP 39033 1300 5 . . . 39033 1301 1 71 71 CD 39033 1301 2 . . . 39033 1301 3 ] ] -RRB- 39033 1302 1 [ [ -LRB- 39033 1302 2 Illustration illustration NN 39033 1302 3 : : : 39033 1302 4 FIG FIG NNP 39033 1302 5 . . . 39033 1303 1 72 72 CD 39033 1303 2 . . . 39033 1303 3 ] ] -RRB- 39033 1304 1 [ [ -LRB- 39033 1304 2 Illustration illustration NN 39033 1304 3 : : : 39033 1304 4 FIG FIG NNP 39033 1304 5 . . . 39033 1305 1 73 73 CD 39033 1305 2 . . . 39033 1305 3 ] ] -RRB- 39033 1306 1 [ [ -LRB- 39033 1306 2 Illustration illustration NN 39033 1306 3 : : : 39033 1306 4 FIG FIG NNP 39033 1306 5 . . . 39033 1307 1 74 74 CD 39033 1307 2 . . . 39033 1307 3 ] ] -RRB- 39033 1308 1 EXERCISE EXERCISE NNP 39033 1308 2 71 71 CD 39033 1308 3 : : : 39033 1308 4 _ _ NNP 39033 1308 5 Engine Engine NNP 39033 1308 6 Cross Cross NNP 39033 1308 7 - - HYPH 39033 1308 8 head._--The head._--the JJ 39033 1308 9 cross cross JJ 39033 1308 10 - - JJ 39033 1308 11 head head NN 39033 1308 12 shown show VBN 39033 1308 13 in in IN 39033 1308 14 fig fig NN 39033 1308 15 . . . 39033 1309 1 69 69 CD 39033 1309 2 is be VBZ 39033 1309 3 for for IN 39033 1309 4 an an DT 39033 1309 5 inverted inverted JJ 39033 1309 6 cylinder cylinder NN 39033 1309 7 marine marine NN 39033 1309 8 engine engine NN 39033 1309 9 . . . 39033 1310 1 A a DT 39033 1310 2 is be VBZ 39033 1310 3 the the DT 39033 1310 4 piston piston NN 39033 1310 5 rod rod NN 39033 1310 6 , , , 39033 1310 7 and and CC 39033 1310 8 B B NNP 39033 1310 9 B B NNP 39033 1310 10 are be VBP 39033 1310 11 pins pin NNS 39033 1310 12 , , , 39033 1310 13 forged forge VBD 39033 1310 14 in in IN 39033 1310 15 one one CD 39033 1310 16 piece piece NN 39033 1310 17 with with IN 39033 1310 18 C C NNP 39033 1310 19 , , , 39033 1310 20 to to TO 39033 1310 21 which which WDT 39033 1310 22 the the DT 39033 1310 23 forked forked JJ 39033 1310 24 end end NN 39033 1310 25 of of IN 39033 1310 26 the the DT 39033 1310 27 connecting connect VBG 39033 1310 28 rod rod NN 39033 1310 29 is be VBZ 39033 1310 30 attached attach VBN 39033 1310 31 . . . 39033 1311 1 Draw draw VB 39033 1311 2 the the DT 39033 1311 3 upper upper JJ 39033 1311 4 view view NN 39033 1311 5 with with IN 39033 1311 6 the the DT 39033 1311 7 central central JJ 39033 1311 8 part part NN 39033 1311 9 in in IN 39033 1311 10 section section NN 39033 1311 11 as as IN 39033 1311 12 shown show VBN 39033 1311 13 . . . 39033 1312 1 Make make VB 39033 1312 2 the the DT 39033 1312 3 right right JJ 39033 1312 4 - - HYPH 39033 1312 5 hand hand NN 39033 1312 6 half half NN 39033 1312 7 of of IN 39033 1312 8 the the DT 39033 1312 9 lower low JJR 39033 1312 10 view view NN 39033 1312 11 a a DT 39033 1312 12 plan plan NN 39033 1312 13 without without IN 39033 1312 14 any any DT 39033 1312 15 section section NN 39033 1312 16 , , , 39033 1312 17 and and CC 39033 1312 18 make make VB 39033 1312 19 the the DT 39033 1312 20 left left JJ 39033 1312 21 - - HYPH 39033 1312 22 hand hand VB 39033 1312 23 half half PDT 39033 1312 24 a a DT 39033 1312 25 horizontal horizontal JJ 39033 1312 26 section section NN 39033 1312 27 through through IN 39033 1312 28 the the DT 39033 1312 29 axis axis NN 39033 1312 30 of of IN 39033 1312 31 the the DT 39033 1312 32 pins pin NNS 39033 1312 33 B B NNP 39033 1312 34 B. B. NNP 39033 1313 1 Scale scale NN 39033 1313 2 4 4 CD 39033 1313 3 inches inch NNS 39033 1313 4 to to IN 39033 1313 5 a a DT 39033 1313 6 foot foot NN 39033 1313 7 . . . 39033 1314 1 EXERCISE EXERCISE NNP 39033 1314 2 72 72 CD 39033 1314 3 : : : 39033 1314 4 _ _ NNP 39033 1314 5 Ratchet Ratchet NNP 39033 1314 6 Lever._--The Lever._--The NNP 39033 1314 7 lever lever NN 39033 1314 8 shown show VBN 39033 1314 9 in in IN 39033 1314 10 fig fig NN 39033 1314 11 . . . 39033 1315 1 70 70 CD 39033 1315 2 is be VBZ 39033 1315 3 used use VBN 39033 1315 4 for for IN 39033 1315 5 turning turn VBG 39033 1315 6 the the DT 39033 1315 7 horizontal horizontal JJ 39033 1315 8 screw screw NN 39033 1315 9 of of IN 39033 1315 10 a a DT 39033 1315 11 traversing traverse VBG 39033 1315 12 screw screw NNP 39033 1315 13 jack jack NN 39033 1315 14 . . . 39033 1316 1 Draw draw VB 39033 1316 2 the the DT 39033 1316 3 two two CD 39033 1316 4 views view NNS 39033 1316 5 shown show VBN 39033 1316 6 , , , 39033 1316 7 and and CC 39033 1316 8 from from IN 39033 1316 9 one one CD 39033 1316 10 of of IN 39033 1316 11 them -PRON- PRP 39033 1316 12 project project VBP 39033 1316 13 a a DT 39033 1316 14 plan plan NN 39033 1316 15 . . . 39033 1317 1 Scale scale VB 39033 1317 2 full full JJ 39033 1317 3 size size NN 39033 1317 4 . . . 39033 1318 1 EXERCISE EXERCISE NNP 39033 1318 2 73 73 CD 39033 1318 3 : : : 39033 1318 4 _ _ NNP 39033 1318 5 Steam Steam NNP 39033 1318 6 Whistle._--Draw whistle._--draw CD 39033 1318 7 , , , 39033 1318 8 full full JJ 39033 1318 9 size size NN 39033 1318 10 , , , 39033 1318 11 the the DT 39033 1318 12 elevation elevation NN 39033 1318 13 and and CC 39033 1318 14 section section NN 39033 1318 15 of of IN 39033 1318 16 the the DT 39033 1318 17 steam steam NN 39033 1318 18 whistle whistle NN 39033 1318 19 shown show VBN 39033 1318 20 in in IN 39033 1318 21 fig fig NN 39033 1318 22 . . . 39033 1319 1 71 71 CD 39033 1319 2 . . . 39033 1320 1 Draw draw VB 39033 1320 2 also also RB 39033 1320 3 horizontal horizontal JJ 39033 1320 4 sections section NNS 39033 1320 5 at at IN 39033 1320 6 A a DT 39033 1320 7 B B NNP 39033 1320 8 , , , 39033 1320 9 C c NN 39033 1320 10 D d NN 39033 1320 11 , , , 39033 1320 12 and and CC 39033 1320 13 E E NNP 39033 1320 14 F. F. NNP 39033 1320 15 [ [ -LRB- 39033 1320 16 Illustration illustration NN 39033 1320 17 : : : 39033 1320 18 FIG FIG NNP 39033 1320 19 . . . 39033 1321 1 75 75 CD 39033 1321 2 . . . 39033 1321 3 ] ] -RRB- 39033 1322 1 EXERCISE EXERCISE NNP 39033 1322 2 74 74 CD 39033 1322 3 : : : 39033 1322 4 _ _ NNP 39033 1322 5 Screw Screw NNP 39033 1322 6 Coupling Coupling NNP 39033 1322 7 for for IN 39033 1322 8 Railway Railway NNP 39033 1322 9 Carriages._--Draw Carriages._--Draw NNP 39033 1322 10 the the DT 39033 1322 11 three three CD 39033 1322 12 views view NNS 39033 1322 13 of of IN 39033 1322 14 the the DT 39033 1322 15 screw screw NN 39033 1322 16 coupling coupling NN 39033 1322 17 shown show VBN 39033 1322 18 in in IN 39033 1322 19 fig fig NN 39033 1322 20 . . . 39033 1323 1 72 72 CD 39033 1323 2 . . . 39033 1324 1 Scale scale NN 39033 1324 2 6 6 CD 39033 1324 3 inches inch NNS 39033 1324 4 to to IN 39033 1324 5 a a DT 39033 1324 6 foot foot NN 39033 1324 7 . . . 39033 1325 1 If if IN 39033 1325 2 the the DT 39033 1325 3 link link NN 39033 1325 4 A a NN 39033 1325 5 is be VBZ 39033 1325 6 fixed fix VBN 39033 1325 7 , , , 39033 1325 8 through through IN 39033 1325 9 what what WDT 39033 1325 10 distance distance NN 39033 1325 11 will will MD 39033 1325 12 the the DT 39033 1325 13 link link NN 39033 1325 14 B B NNP 39033 1325 15 move move NN 39033 1325 16 for for IN 39033 1325 17 two two CD 39033 1325 18 turns turn NNS 39033 1325 19 of of IN 39033 1325 20 the the DT 39033 1325 21 lever lever NN 39033 1325 22 ? ? . 39033 1326 1 [ [ -LRB- 39033 1326 2 Illustration illustration NN 39033 1326 3 : : : 39033 1326 4 FIG FIG NNP 39033 1326 5 . . . 39033 1327 1 76 76 CD 39033 1327 2 . . . 39033 1327 3 ] ] -RRB- 39033 1328 1 EXERCISE EXERCISE NNP 39033 1328 2 75 75 CD 39033 1328 3 : : : 39033 1328 4 _ _ NNP 39033 1328 5 Loose Loose NNP 39033 1328 6 Headstock Headstock NNP 39033 1328 7 for for IN 39033 1328 8 a a DT 39033 1328 9 6-inch 6-inch CD 39033 1328 10 Lathe._--Two Lathe._--Two NNP 39033 1328 11 views view NNS 39033 1328 12 of of IN 39033 1328 13 this this DT 39033 1328 14 headstock headstock NN 39033 1328 15 are be VBP 39033 1328 16 shown show VBN 39033 1328 17 in in IN 39033 1328 18 fig fig NN 39033 1328 19 . . . 39033 1329 1 73 73 CD 39033 1329 2 . . . 39033 1330 1 On on IN 39033 1330 2 one one CD 39033 1330 3 of of IN 39033 1330 4 these these DT 39033 1330 5 views view NNS 39033 1330 6 a a DT 39033 1330 7 few few JJ 39033 1330 8 of of IN 39033 1330 9 the the DT 39033 1330 10 chief chief JJ 39033 1330 11 dimensions dimension NNS 39033 1330 12 are be VBP 39033 1330 13 marked mark VBN 39033 1330 14 . . . 39033 1331 1 The the DT 39033 1331 2 details detail NNS 39033 1331 3 , , , 39033 1331 4 fully fully RB 39033 1331 5 dimensioned dimension VBN 39033 1331 6 , , , 39033 1331 7 are be VBP 39033 1331 8 shown show VBN 39033 1331 9 separately separately RB 39033 1331 10 in in IN 39033 1331 11 figs fig NNS 39033 1331 12 . . . 39033 1332 1 74 74 CD 39033 1332 2 , , , 39033 1332 3 75 75 CD 39033 1332 4 , , , 39033 1332 5 and and CC 39033 1332 6 76 76 CD 39033 1332 7 . . . 39033 1333 1 Explain explain VB 39033 1333 2 clearly clearly RB 39033 1333 3 how how WRB 39033 1333 4 the the DT 39033 1333 5 centre centre NN 39033 1333 6 is be VBZ 39033 1333 7 moved move VBN 39033 1333 8 backwards backwards RB 39033 1333 9 and and CC 39033 1333 10 forwards forwards RB 39033 1333 11 , , , 39033 1333 12 and and CC 39033 1333 13 also also RB 39033 1333 14 how how WRB 39033 1333 15 the the DT 39033 1333 16 spindle spindle NN 39033 1333 17 containing contain VBG 39033 1333 18 it -PRON- PRP 39033 1333 19 is be VBZ 39033 1333 20 locked lock VBN 39033 1333 21 when when WRB 39033 1333 22 it -PRON- PRP 39033 1333 23 is be VBZ 39033 1333 24 not not RB 39033 1333 25 required require VBN 39033 1333 26 to to TO 39033 1333 27 move move VB 39033 1333 28 . . . 39033 1334 1 Draw draw VB 39033 1334 2 , , , 39033 1334 3 half half JJ 39033 1334 4 - - HYPH 39033 1334 5 size size NN 39033 1334 6 , , , 39033 1334 7 the the DT 39033 1334 8 views view NNS 39033 1334 9 shown show VBN 39033 1334 10 in in IN 39033 1334 11 fig fig NN 39033 1334 12 . . . 39033 1335 1 73 73 CD 39033 1335 2 , , , 39033 1335 3 and and CC 39033 1335 4 from from IN 39033 1335 5 the the DT 39033 1335 6 left left JJ 39033 1335 7 - - HYPH 39033 1335 8 hand hand NN 39033 1335 9 view view NN 39033 1335 10 project project NN 39033 1335 11 a a DT 39033 1335 12 plan plan NN 39033 1335 13 . . . 39033 1336 1 Draw draw VB 39033 1336 2 also also RB 39033 1336 3 the the DT 39033 1336 4 detail detail NN 39033 1336 5 of of IN 39033 1336 6 the the DT 39033 1336 7 locking lock VBG 39033 1336 8 arrangement arrangement NN 39033 1336 9 shown show VBN 39033 1336 10 in in IN 39033 1336 11 fig fig NN 39033 1336 12 . . . 39033 1337 1 74 74 CD 39033 1337 2 . . . 39033 1338 1 APPENDIX APPENDIX NNP 39033 1338 2 A. A. NNP 39033 1339 1 _ _ NNP 39033 1339 2 SCIENCE SCIENCE NNP 39033 1339 3 AND and CC 39033 1339 4 ART ART NNP 39033 1339 5 DEPARTMENT DEPARTMENT NNP 39033 1339 6 , , , 39033 1339 7 SOUTH SOUTH NNP 39033 1339 8 KENSINGTON KENSINGTON NNP 39033 1339 9 . . . 39033 1339 10 _ _ NNP 39033 1339 11 SYLLABUS SYLLABUS NNP 39033 1339 12 . . . 39033 1340 1 SUBJECT SUBJECT NNP 39033 1340 2 II.--MACHINE II.--MACHINE `` 39033 1340 3 CONSTRUCTION construction NN 39033 1340 4 AND and CC 39033 1340 5 DRAWING drawing NN 39033 1340 6 . . . 39033 1341 1 It -PRON- PRP 39033 1341 2 is be VBZ 39033 1341 3 assumed assume VBN 39033 1341 4 that that IN 39033 1341 5 the the DT 39033 1341 6 student student NN 39033 1341 7 has have VBZ 39033 1341 8 already already RB 39033 1341 9 learnt learn VBN 39033 1341 10 to to TO 39033 1341 11 draw draw VB 39033 1341 12 to to TO 39033 1341 13 scale scale VB 39033 1341 14 , , , 39033 1341 15 and and CC 39033 1341 16 that that IN 39033 1341 17 he -PRON- PRP 39033 1341 18 can can MD 39033 1341 19 draw draw VB 39033 1341 20 two two CD 39033 1341 21 or or CC 39033 1341 22 more more JJR 39033 1341 23 views view NNS 39033 1341 24 of of IN 39033 1341 25 the the DT 39033 1341 26 same same JJ 39033 1341 27 object object NN 39033 1341 28 in in IN 39033 1341 29 simple simple JJ 39033 1341 30 or or CC 39033 1341 31 orthographic orthographic JJ 39033 1341 32 projection projection NN 39033 1341 33 . . . 39033 1342 1 To to TO 39033 1342 2 pass pass VB 39033 1342 3 in in IN 39033 1342 4 machine machine NN 39033 1342 5 construction construction NN 39033 1342 6 and and CC 39033 1342 7 drawing drawing NN 39033 1342 8 , , , 39033 1342 9 he -PRON- PRP 39033 1342 10 must must MD 39033 1342 11 be be VB 39033 1342 12 able able JJ 39033 1342 13 to to TO 39033 1342 14 apply apply VB 39033 1342 15 this this DT 39033 1342 16 knowledge knowledge NN 39033 1342 17 to to IN 39033 1342 18 the the DT 39033 1342 19 representation representation NN 39033 1342 20 of of IN 39033 1342 21 machinery machinery NN 39033 1342 22 . . . 39033 1343 1 He -PRON- PRP 39033 1343 2 must must MD 39033 1343 3 be be VB 39033 1343 4 acquainted acquaint VBN 39033 1343 5 with with IN 39033 1343 6 the the DT 39033 1343 7 form form NN 39033 1343 8 and and CC 39033 1343 9 purpose purpose NN 39033 1343 10 of of IN 39033 1343 11 the the DT 39033 1343 12 simpler simple JJR 39033 1343 13 parts part NNS 39033 1343 14 of of IN 39033 1343 15 which which WDT 39033 1343 16 machines machine NNS 39033 1343 17 are be VBP 39033 1343 18 built build VBN 39033 1343 19 up up RP 39033 1343 20 and and CC 39033 1343 21 must must MD 39033 1343 22 have have VB 39033 1343 23 had have VBN 39033 1343 24 some some DT 39033 1343 25 practice practice NN 39033 1343 26 in in IN 39033 1343 27 drawing draw VBG 39033 1343 28 them -PRON- PRP 39033 1343 29 . . . 39033 1344 1 To to TO 39033 1344 2 test test VB 39033 1344 3 his -PRON- PRP$ 39033 1344 4 knowledge knowledge NN 39033 1344 5 , , , 39033 1344 6 rough rough JJ 39033 1344 7 dimensioned dimension VBN 39033 1344 8 sketches sketch NNS 39033 1344 9 , , , 39033 1344 10 more more RBR 39033 1344 11 or or CC 39033 1344 12 less less RBR 39033 1344 13 incomplete incomplete JJ 39033 1344 14 , , , 39033 1344 15 of of IN 39033 1344 16 simple simple JJ 39033 1344 17 machine machine NN 39033 1344 18 details detail NNS 39033 1344 19 will will MD 39033 1344 20 be be VB 39033 1344 21 given give VBN 39033 1344 22 him -PRON- PRP 39033 1344 23 , , , 39033 1344 24 and and CC 39033 1344 25 he -PRON- PRP 39033 1344 26 will will MD 39033 1344 27 be be VB 39033 1344 28 required require VBN 39033 1344 29 to to TO 39033 1344 30 produce produce VB 39033 1344 31 a a DT 39033 1344 32 complete complete JJ 39033 1344 33 drawing drawing NN 39033 1344 34 in in IN 39033 1344 35 pencil pencil NN 39033 1344 36 to to IN 39033 1344 37 a a DT 39033 1344 38 given give VBN 39033 1344 39 scale scale NN 39033 1344 40 . . . 39033 1345 1 Two two CD 39033 1345 2 or or CC 39033 1345 3 more more JJR 39033 1345 4 views view NNS 39033 1345 5 of of IN 39033 1345 6 at at RB 39033 1345 7 least least RBS 39033 1345 8 one one CD 39033 1345 9 subject subject NN 39033 1345 10 will will MD 39033 1345 11 be be VB 39033 1345 12 required require VBN 39033 1345 13 , , , 39033 1345 14 and and CC 39033 1345 15 these these DT 39033 1345 16 must must MD 39033 1345 17 be be VB 39033 1345 18 so so RB 39033 1345 19 drawn draw VBN 39033 1345 20 as as IN 39033 1345 21 to to TO 39033 1345 22 be be VB 39033 1345 23 properly properly RB 39033 1345 24 projected project VBN 39033 1345 25 one one CD 39033 1345 26 from from IN 39033 1345 27 the the DT 39033 1345 28 other other JJ 39033 1345 29 , , , 39033 1345 30 _ _ NNP 39033 1345 31 in in IN 39033 1345 32 order order NN 39033 1345 33 to to TO 39033 1345 34 show show VB 39033 1345 35 that that IN 39033 1345 36 the the DT 39033 1345 37 student student NN 39033 1345 38 appreciates appreciate VBZ 39033 1345 39 that that IN 39033 1345 40 he -PRON- PRP 39033 1345 41 is be VBZ 39033 1345 42 producing produce VBG 39033 1345 43 a a DT 39033 1345 44 representation representation NN 39033 1345 45 of of IN 39033 1345 46 a a DT 39033 1345 47 solid solid JJ 39033 1345 48 piece piece NN 39033 1345 49 of of IN 39033 1345 50 machinery machinery NN 39033 1345 51 , , , 39033 1345 52 and and CC 39033 1345 53 not not RB 39033 1345 54 merely merely RB 39033 1345 55 copying copy VBG 39033 1345 56 a a DT 39033 1345 57 sketch sketch NN 39033 1345 58 . . . 39033 1346 1 No no DT 39033 1346 2 credit credit NN 39033 1346 3 will will MD 39033 1346 4 be be VB 39033 1346 5 given give VBN 39033 1346 6 unless unless IN 39033 1346 7 some some DT 39033 1346 8 knowledge knowledge NN 39033 1346 9 of of IN 39033 1346 10 projection projection NN 39033 1346 11 is be VBZ 39033 1346 12 shown show VBN 39033 1346 13 . . . 39033 1346 14 _ _ NNP 39033 1346 15 The the DT 39033 1346 16 centre centre NN 39033 1346 17 lines line NNS 39033 1346 18 of of IN 39033 1346 19 the the DT 39033 1346 20 drawings drawing NNS 39033 1346 21 should should MD 39033 1346 22 be be VB 39033 1346 23 shown show VBN 39033 1346 24 , , , 39033 1346 25 and and CC 39033 1346 26 parts part NNS 39033 1346 27 cut cut VBN 39033 1346 28 by by IN 39033 1346 29 planes plane NNS 39033 1346 30 of of IN 39033 1346 31 section section NN 39033 1346 32 should should MD 39033 1346 33 be be VB 39033 1346 34 indicated indicate VBN 39033 1346 35 by by IN 39033 1346 36 diagonal diagonal JJ 39033 1346 37 shading shading NN 39033 1346 38 . . . 39033 1347 1 Bolts bolt NNS 39033 1347 2 and and CC 39033 1347 3 other other JJ 39033 1347 4 fastenings fastening NNS 39033 1347 5 should should MD 39033 1347 6 be be VB 39033 1347 7 carefully carefully RB 39033 1347 8 shown show VBN 39033 1347 9 where where WRB 39033 1347 10 required require VBN 39033 1347 11 . . . 39033 1348 1 Any any DT 39033 1348 2 indication indication NN 39033 1348 3 that that IN 39033 1348 4 a a DT 39033 1348 5 candidate candidate NN 39033 1348 6 has have VBZ 39033 1348 7 merely merely RB 39033 1348 8 copied copy VBN 39033 1348 9 the the DT 39033 1348 10 sketches sketch NNS 39033 1348 11 given give VBN 39033 1348 12 , , , 39033 1348 13 without without IN 39033 1348 14 understanding understand VBG 39033 1348 15 the the DT 39033 1348 16 part part NN 39033 1348 17 represented represent VBN 39033 1348 18 , , , 39033 1348 19 will will MD 39033 1348 20 invalidate invalidate VB 39033 1348 21 his -PRON- PRP$ 39033 1348 22 examination examination NN 39033 1348 23 . . . 39033 1349 1 FIRST FIRST NNP 39033 1349 2 STAGE STAGE NNP 39033 1349 3 OR or CC 39033 1349 4 ELEMENTARY ELEMENTARY NNP 39033 1349 5 COURSE course NN 39033 1349 6 . . . 39033 1350 1 In in IN 39033 1350 2 the the DT 39033 1350 3 elementary elementary JJ 39033 1350 4 stage stage NN 39033 1350 5 , , , 39033 1350 6 a a DT 39033 1350 7 knowledge knowledge NN 39033 1350 8 is be VBZ 39033 1350 9 required require VBN 39033 1350 10 of of IN 39033 1350 11 the the DT 39033 1350 12 simple simple JJ 39033 1350 13 parts part NNS 39033 1350 14 only only RB 39033 1350 15 of of IN 39033 1350 16 _ _ NNP 39033 1350 17 machines machine NNS 39033 1350 18 in in IN 39033 1350 19 common common JJ 39033 1350 20 use use NN 39033 1350 21 _ _ NNP 39033 1350 22 . . . 39033 1351 1 _ _ NNP 39033 1351 2 Some some DT 39033 1351 3 _ _ NNP 39033 1351 4 of of IN 39033 1351 5 these these DT 39033 1351 6 are be VBP 39033 1351 7 enumerated enumerate VBN 39033 1351 8 in in IN 39033 1351 9 the the DT 39033 1351 10 following follow VBG 39033 1351 11 list list NN 39033 1351 12 . . . 39033 1352 1 The the DT 39033 1352 2 student student NN 39033 1352 3 should should MD 39033 1352 4 be be VB 39033 1352 5 practised practise VBN 39033 1352 6 in in IN 39033 1352 7 drawing draw VBG 39033 1352 8 them -PRON- PRP 39033 1352 9 till till IN 39033 1352 10 he -PRON- PRP 39033 1352 11 recognises recognise VBZ 39033 1352 12 their -PRON- PRP$ 39033 1352 13 forms form NNS 39033 1352 14 , , , 39033 1352 15 and and CC 39033 1352 16 the the DT 39033 1352 17 object object NN 39033 1352 18 of of IN 39033 1352 19 the the DT 39033 1352 20 arrangement arrangement NN 39033 1352 21 should should MD 39033 1352 22 be be VB 39033 1352 23 explained explain VBN 39033 1352 24 to to IN 39033 1352 25 him -PRON- PRP 39033 1352 26 . . . 39033 1353 1 He -PRON- PRP 39033 1353 2 should should MD 39033 1353 3 also also RB 39033 1353 4 know know VB 39033 1353 5 the the DT 39033 1353 6 simple simple JJ 39033 1353 7 technical technical JJ 39033 1353 8 terms term NNS 39033 1353 9 used use VBN 39033 1353 10 in in IN 39033 1353 11 describing describe VBG 39033 1353 12 them -PRON- PRP 39033 1353 13 . . . 39033 1354 1 A a DT 39033 1354 2 few few JJ 39033 1354 3 very very RB 39033 1354 4 simple simple JJ 39033 1354 5 questions question NNS 39033 1354 6 relating relate VBG 39033 1354 7 to to IN 39033 1354 8 the the DT 39033 1354 9 arrangement arrangement NN 39033 1354 10 , , , 39033 1354 11 proportions proportion NNS 39033 1354 12 , , , 39033 1354 13 and and CC 39033 1354 14 strength strength NN 39033 1354 15 of of IN 39033 1354 16 the the DT 39033 1354 17 simplest simple JJS 39033 1354 18 machine machine NN 39033 1354 19 details detail NNS 39033 1354 20 will will MD 39033 1354 21 be be VB 39033 1354 22 set set VBN 39033 1354 23 in in IN 39033 1354 24 the the DT 39033 1354 25 examination examination NN 39033 1354 26 paper paper NN 39033 1354 27 . . . 39033 1355 1 In in IN 39033 1355 2 drawing draw VBG 39033 1355 3 the the DT 39033 1355 4 examples example NNS 39033 1355 5 set set VBN 39033 1355 6 to to TO 39033 1355 7 test test VB 39033 1355 8 a a DT 39033 1355 9 student student NN 39033 1355 10 's 's POS 39033 1355 11 knowledge knowledge NN 39033 1355 12 and and CC 39033 1355 13 skill skill NN 39033 1355 14 in in IN 39033 1355 15 machine machine NN 39033 1355 16 drawing drawing NN 39033 1355 17 , , , 39033 1355 18 it -PRON- PRP 39033 1355 19 must must MD 39033 1355 20 be be VB 39033 1355 21 remembered remember VBN 39033 1355 22 that that IN 39033 1355 23 only only RB 39033 1355 24 a a DT 39033 1355 25 limited limited JJ 39033 1355 26 time time NN 39033 1355 27 is be VBZ 39033 1355 28 available available JJ 39033 1355 29 . . . 39033 1356 1 It -PRON- PRP 39033 1356 2 is be VBZ 39033 1356 3 only only RB 39033 1356 4 possible possible JJ 39033 1356 5 to to TO 39033 1356 6 set set VB 39033 1356 7 an an DT 39033 1356 8 example example NN 39033 1356 9 to to TO 39033 1356 10 be be VB 39033 1356 11 drawn draw VBN 39033 1356 12 in in IN 39033 1356 13 pencil pencil NN 39033 1356 14 , , , 39033 1356 15 and and CC 39033 1356 16 the the DT 39033 1356 17 points point NNS 39033 1356 18 which which WDT 39033 1356 19 will will MD 39033 1356 20 receive receive VB 39033 1356 21 attention attention NN 39033 1356 22 are be VBP 39033 1356 23 ( ( -LRB- 39033 1356 24 1 1 LS 39033 1356 25 ) ) -RRB- 39033 1356 26 accuracy accuracy NN 39033 1356 27 of of IN 39033 1356 28 scale scale NN 39033 1356 29 and and CC 39033 1356 30 projection projection NN 39033 1356 31 ; ; : 39033 1356 32 ( ( -LRB- 39033 1356 33 2 2 LS 39033 1356 34 ) ) -RRB- 39033 1356 35 power power NN 39033 1356 36 of of IN 39033 1356 37 reading read VBG 39033 1356 38 a a DT 39033 1356 39 drawing drawing NN 39033 1356 40 , , , 39033 1356 41 shown show VBN 39033 1356 42 by by IN 39033 1356 43 the the DT 39033 1356 44 ability ability NN 39033 1356 45 to to TO 39033 1356 46 transfer transfer VB 39033 1356 47 portions portion NNS 39033 1356 48 of of IN 39033 1356 49 the the DT 39033 1356 50 mechanism mechanism NN 39033 1356 51 and and CC 39033 1356 52 dimensions dimension NNS 39033 1356 53 from from IN 39033 1356 54 one one CD 39033 1356 55 view view NN 39033 1356 56 to to IN 39033 1356 57 another another DT 39033 1356 58 ; ; : 39033 1356 59 ( ( -LRB- 39033 1356 60 3 3 LS 39033 1356 61 ) ) -RRB- 39033 1356 62 knowledge knowledge NN 39033 1356 63 of of IN 39033 1356 64 machines machine NNS 39033 1356 65 , , , 39033 1356 66 as as IN 39033 1356 67 shown show VBN 39033 1356 68 by by IN 39033 1356 69 the the DT 39033 1356 70 ability ability NN 39033 1356 71 to to TO 39033 1356 72 fill fill VB 39033 1356 73 in in RP 39033 1356 74 small small JJ 39033 1356 75 details detail NNS 39033 1356 76 , , , 39033 1356 77 such such JJ 39033 1356 78 as as IN 39033 1356 79 nuts nut NNS 39033 1356 80 , , , 39033 1356 81 keys key NNS 39033 1356 82 , , , 39033 1356 83 etc etc FW 39033 1356 84 . . . 39033 1356 85 , , , 39033 1356 86 omitted omit VBN 39033 1356 87 in in IN 39033 1356 88 the the DT 39033 1356 89 sketches sketch NNS 39033 1356 90 given give VBN 39033 1356 91 . . . 39033 1357 1 Bearing bear VBG 39033 1357 2 in in IN 39033 1357 3 mind mind NN 39033 1357 4 the the DT 39033 1357 5 limited limited JJ 39033 1357 6 time time NN 39033 1357 7 available available JJ 39033 1357 8 , , , 39033 1357 9 the the DT 39033 1357 10 student student NN 39033 1357 11 should should MD 39033 1357 12 try try VB 39033 1357 13 to to TO 39033 1357 14 make make VB 39033 1357 15 his -PRON- PRP$ 39033 1357 16 outline outline NN 39033 1357 17 clear clear JJ 39033 1357 18 and and CC 39033 1357 19 decisive decisive JJ 39033 1357 20 and and CC 39033 1357 21 complete complete JJ 39033 1357 22 . . . 39033 1358 1 But but CC 39033 1358 2 the the DT 39033 1358 3 diagonal diagonal JJ 39033 1358 4 lines line NNS 39033 1358 5 necessary necessary JJ 39033 1358 6 for for IN 39033 1358 7 sectional sectional JJ 39033 1358 8 parts part NNS 39033 1358 9 may may MD 39033 1358 10 be be VB 39033 1358 11 done do VBN 39033 1358 12 rapidly rapidly RB 39033 1358 13 , , , 39033 1358 14 though though IN 39033 1358 15 neatly neatly RB 39033 1358 16 , , , 39033 1358 17 by by IN 39033 1358 18 freehand freehand NN 39033 1358 19 if if IN 39033 1358 20 necessary necessary JJ 39033 1358 21 . . . 39033 1359 1 _ _ NNP 39033 1359 2 Riveted rivet VBD 39033 1359 3 Joints._--Forms joints._--form NNS 39033 1359 4 of of IN 39033 1359 5 rivets rivet NNS 39033 1359 6 and and CC 39033 1359 7 arrangement arrangement NN 39033 1359 8 of of IN 39033 1359 9 rivets rivet NNS 39033 1359 10 in in IN 39033 1359 11 lap lap NN 39033 1359 12 and and CC 39033 1359 13 butt butt NN 39033 1359 14 joints joint NNS 39033 1359 15 with with IN 39033 1359 16 single single JJ 39033 1359 17 and and CC 39033 1359 18 double double JJ 39033 1359 19 riveting riveting NN 39033 1359 20 . . . 39033 1360 1 Junction junction NN 39033 1360 2 of of IN 39033 1360 3 plates plate NNS 39033 1360 4 by by IN 39033 1360 5 angle angle NN 39033 1360 6 and and CC 39033 1360 7 T t NN 39033 1360 8 - - HYPH 39033 1360 9 irons iron NNS 39033 1360 10 . . . 39033 1361 1 _ _ NNP 39033 1361 2 Bolts Bolts NNP 39033 1361 3 , , , 39033 1361 4 Studs Studs NNP 39033 1361 5 , , , 39033 1361 6 and and CC 39033 1361 7 Set Set NNP 39033 1361 8 Screws._--Forms screws._--form NNS 39033 1361 9 of of IN 39033 1361 10 these these DT 39033 1361 11 fastenings fastening NNS 39033 1361 12 . . . 39033 1362 1 Forms form NNS 39033 1362 2 and and CC 39033 1362 3 proportions proportion NNS 39033 1362 4 of of IN 39033 1362 5 nuts nut NNS 39033 1362 6 and and CC 39033 1362 7 bolt bolt NN 39033 1362 8 - - HYPH 39033 1362 9 heads head NNS 39033 1362 10 . . . 39033 1363 1 Arrangement arrangement NN 39033 1363 2 of of IN 39033 1363 3 flanges flange NNS 39033 1363 4 for for IN 39033 1363 5 bolting bolt VBG 39033 1363 6 . . . 39033 1364 1 _ _ NNP 39033 1364 2 Pins Pins NNP 39033 1364 3 , , , 39033 1364 4 Keys Keys NNP 39033 1364 5 , , , 39033 1364 6 and and CC 39033 1364 7 Cotters._--Form cotters._--form NN 39033 1364 8 of of IN 39033 1364 9 ordinary ordinary JJ 39033 1364 10 knuckle knuckle NNP 39033 1364 11 joint joint JJ 39033 1364 12 . . . 39033 1365 1 Use use NN 39033 1365 2 of of IN 39033 1365 3 split split JJ 39033 1365 4 pins pin NNS 39033 1365 5 . . . 39033 1366 1 Connection connection NN 39033 1366 2 of of IN 39033 1366 3 parts part NNS 39033 1366 4 by by IN 39033 1366 5 a a DT 39033 1366 6 key key NN 39033 1366 7 . . . 39033 1367 1 Connection connection NN 39033 1367 2 of of IN 39033 1367 3 parts part NNS 39033 1367 4 by by IN 39033 1367 5 a a DT 39033 1367 6 cotter cotter NN 39033 1367 7 . . . 39033 1368 1 Gib gib NN 39033 1368 2 and and CC 39033 1368 3 cotter cotter NN 39033 1368 4 . . . 39033 1369 1 _ _ NNP 39033 1369 2 Pipes Pipes NNP 39033 1369 3 and and CC 39033 1369 4 Cylinders._--Forms cylinders._--form NNS 39033 1369 5 of of IN 39033 1369 6 ordinary ordinary JJ 39033 1369 7 pipes pipe NNS 39033 1369 8 and and CC 39033 1369 9 cylinders cylinder NNS 39033 1369 10 and and CC 39033 1369 11 their -PRON- PRP$ 39033 1369 12 flanges flange NNS 39033 1369 13 and and CC 39033 1369 14 covers cover NNS 39033 1369 15 . . . 39033 1370 1 _ _ NNP 39033 1370 2 Shafting._--Forms Shafting._--Forms NNPS 39033 1370 3 of of IN 39033 1370 4 shafts shaft NNS 39033 1370 5 and and CC 39033 1370 6 axles axle NNS 39033 1370 7 and and CC 39033 1370 8 of of IN 39033 1370 9 journals journal NNS 39033 1370 10 and and CC 39033 1370 11 pivots pivot NNS 39033 1370 12 . . . 39033 1371 1 Use use NN 39033 1371 2 of of IN 39033 1371 3 collars collar NNS 39033 1371 4 and and CC 39033 1371 5 bosses boss NNS 39033 1371 6 . . . 39033 1372 1 Half half JJ 39033 1372 2 - - HYPH 39033 1372 3 lap lap NN 39033 1372 4 coupling coupling NN 39033 1372 5 . . . 39033 1373 1 Box Box NNP 39033 1373 2 coupling couple VBG 39033 1373 3 . . . 39033 1374 1 Flange flange JJ 39033 1374 2 coupling coupling NN 39033 1374 3 . . . 39033 1375 1 _ _ NNP 39033 1375 2 Pedestals Pedestals NNPS 39033 1375 3 and and CC 39033 1375 4 Plummer Plummer NNP 39033 1375 5 Blocks._--Simplest blocks._--simpl JJS 39033 1375 6 forms form NNS 39033 1375 7 of of IN 39033 1375 8 pedestals pedestal NNS 39033 1375 9 and and CC 39033 1375 10 hangers hanger NNS 39033 1375 11 for for IN 39033 1375 12 shafts shaft NNS 39033 1375 13 . . . 39033 1376 1 Form form NN 39033 1376 2 and and CC 39033 1376 3 arrangement arrangement NN 39033 1376 4 of of IN 39033 1376 5 brass brass NN 39033 1376 6 steps step NNS 39033 1376 7 . . . 39033 1377 1 Arrangements arrangement NNS 39033 1377 2 for for IN 39033 1377 3 fixing fix VBG 39033 1377 4 pedestals pedestal NNS 39033 1377 5 and and CC 39033 1377 6 for for IN 39033 1377 7 neutralising neutralise VBG 39033 1377 8 the the DT 39033 1377 9 effects effect NNS 39033 1377 10 of of IN 39033 1377 11 wear wear NN 39033 1377 12 . . . 39033 1378 1 _ _ NNP 39033 1378 2 Toothed toothed JJ 39033 1378 3 Gearing._--Forms gearing._--form NNS 39033 1378 4 of of IN 39033 1378 5 ordinary ordinary JJ 39033 1378 6 spur spur NNS 39033 1378 7 and and CC 39033 1378 8 bevil bevil JJ 39033 1378 9 wheels wheel NNS 39033 1378 10 . . . 39033 1379 1 Meaning mean VBG 39033 1379 2 of of IN 39033 1379 3 the the DT 39033 1379 4 terms term NNS 39033 1379 5 pitch pitch NN 39033 1379 6 , , , 39033 1379 7 breadth breadth NN 39033 1379 8 of of IN 39033 1379 9 face face NN 39033 1379 10 , , , 39033 1379 11 thickness thickness NN 39033 1379 12 of of IN 39033 1379 13 tooth tooth NN 39033 1379 14 , , , 39033 1379 15 pitch pitch NN 39033 1379 16 line line NN 39033 1379 17 , , , 39033 1379 18 rim rim NN 39033 1379 19 , , , 39033 1379 20 nave nave NN 39033 1379 21 , , , 39033 1379 22 arm arm NN 39033 1379 23 . . . 39033 1380 1 Mode mode NN 39033 1380 2 of of IN 39033 1380 3 drawing draw VBG 39033 1380 4 bevil bevil JJ 39033 1380 5 wheels wheel NNS 39033 1380 6 in in IN 39033 1380 7 section section NN 39033 1380 8 . . . 39033 1381 1 _ _ NNP 39033 1381 2 Belt Belt NNP 39033 1381 3 Pulleys._--Forms Pulleys._--Forms NNPS 39033 1381 4 of of IN 39033 1381 5 belt belt NN 39033 1381 6 pulleys pulley NNS 39033 1381 7 for for IN 39033 1381 8 flat flat JJ 39033 1381 9 and and CC 39033 1381 10 round round JJ 39033 1381 11 belts belt NNS 39033 1381 12 . . . 39033 1382 1 Stepped step VBN 39033 1382 2 speed speed NN 39033 1382 3 cones cone NNS 39033 1382 4 . . . 39033 1383 1 Drawing draw VBG 39033 1383 2 of of IN 39033 1383 3 pulleys pulley NNS 39033 1383 4 with with IN 39033 1383 5 curved curved JJ 39033 1383 6 arms arm NNS 39033 1383 7 . . . 39033 1384 1 _ _ NNP 39033 1384 2 Cranks Cranks NNP 39033 1384 3 and and CC 39033 1384 4 Levers._--Forms levers._--form NNS 39033 1384 5 of of IN 39033 1384 6 ordinary ordinary JJ 39033 1384 7 cast cast NN 39033 1384 8 - - HYPH 39033 1384 9 iron iron NN 39033 1384 10 and and CC 39033 1384 11 wrought wrought NN 39033 1384 12 - - HYPH 39033 1384 13 iron iron NN 39033 1384 14 cranks crank NNS 39033 1384 15 and and CC 39033 1384 16 levers lever NNS 39033 1384 17 . . . 39033 1385 1 Modes mode NNS 39033 1385 2 of of IN 39033 1385 3 fixing fix VBG 39033 1385 4 crank crank NNP 39033 1385 5 pin pin NNP 39033 1385 6 . . . 39033 1386 1 Modes mode NNS 39033 1386 2 of of IN 39033 1386 3 fixing fix VBG 39033 1386 4 crank crank NNP 39033 1386 5 shaft shaft NN 39033 1386 6 . . . 39033 1387 1 Double double JJ 39033 1387 2 cranks crank NNS 39033 1387 3 . . . 39033 1388 1 Form form NN 39033 1388 2 of of IN 39033 1388 3 eccentrics eccentric NNS 39033 1388 4 . . . 39033 1389 1 _ _ NNP 39033 1389 2 Links._--Most links._--most JJ 39033 1389 3 simple simple JJ 39033 1389 4 forms form NNS 39033 1389 5 of of IN 39033 1389 6 connecting connect VBG 39033 1389 7 rod rod NN 39033 1389 8 ends end NNS 39033 1389 9 , , , 39033 1389 10 open open JJ 39033 1389 11 or or CC 39033 1389 12 closed closed JJ 39033 1389 13 . . . 39033 1390 1 Use use NN 39033 1390 2 of of IN 39033 1390 3 steps step NNS 39033 1390 4 in in IN 39033 1390 5 connecting connect VBG 39033 1390 6 rods rod NNS 39033 1390 7 . . . 39033 1391 1 Use use NN 39033 1391 2 of of IN 39033 1391 3 cotters cotter NNS 39033 1391 4 to to TO 39033 1391 5 tighten tighten VB 39033 1391 6 the the DT 39033 1391 7 steps step NNS 39033 1391 8 . . . 39033 1392 1 _ _ NNP 39033 1392 2 Pistons._--Simple Pistons._--Simple NNP 39033 1392 3 forms form NNS 39033 1392 4 of of IN 39033 1392 5 piston piston NN 39033 1392 6 . . . 39033 1393 1 Use use NN 39033 1393 2 of of IN 39033 1393 3 piston piston NN 39033 1393 4 packing packing NN 39033 1393 5 . . . 39033 1394 1 Modes mode NNS 39033 1394 2 of of IN 39033 1394 3 attaching attach VBG 39033 1394 4 piston piston NNP 39033 1394 5 rod rod NN 39033 1394 6 . . . 39033 1395 1 _ _ NNP 39033 1395 2 Stuffing Stuffing NNP 39033 1395 3 - - HYPH 39033 1395 4 Boxes._--Simple Boxes._--Simple NNP 39033 1395 5 form form NN 39033 1395 6 of of IN 39033 1395 7 stuffing stuffing NN 39033 1395 8 - - HYPH 39033 1395 9 box box NN 39033 1395 10 and and CC 39033 1395 11 gland gland NN 39033 1395 12 . . . 39033 1396 1 Use use NN 39033 1396 2 of of IN 39033 1396 3 packing packing NN 39033 1396 4 . . . 39033 1397 1 Mode mode NN 39033 1397 2 of of IN 39033 1397 3 tightening tighten VBG 39033 1397 4 gland gland NN 39033 1397 5 . . . 39033 1398 1 _ _ NNP 39033 1398 2 Valves._--Simple Valves._--Simple NNP 39033 1398 3 conical conical NN 39033 1398 4 of of IN 39033 1398 5 puppet puppet NN 39033 1398 6 valve valve NN 39033 1398 7 . . . 39033 1399 1 Simple simple JJ 39033 1399 2 slide slide NN 39033 1399 3 valve valve NN 39033 1399 4 . . . 39033 1400 1 Cock cock NN 39033 1400 2 or or CC 39033 1400 3 conical conical JJ 39033 1400 4 sliding sliding NN 39033 1400 5 valve valve NN 39033 1400 6 . . . 39033 1401 1 APPENDIX APPENDIX NNP 39033 1401 2 B. B. NNP 39033 1402 1 _ _ NNP 39033 1402 2 EXAMINATION examination NN 39033 1402 3 PAPERS paper NNS 39033 1402 4 SET SET VBN 39033 1402 5 BY by IN 39033 1402 6 THE the DT 39033 1402 7 SCIENCE SCIENCE NNP 39033 1402 8 AND and CC 39033 1402 9 ART ART NNP 39033 1402 10 DEPARTMENT DEPARTMENT NNP 39033 1402 11 . . . 39033 1402 12 _ _ NNP 39033 1402 13 SUBJECT SUBJECT NNP 39033 1402 14 II.--MACHINE II.--MACHINE `` 39033 1402 15 CONSTRUCTION construction NN 39033 1402 16 AND and CC 39033 1402 17 DRAWING drawing NN 39033 1402 18 . . . 39033 1403 1 _ _ NNP 39033 1403 2 Examiners Examiners NNP 39033 1403 3 _ _ NNP 39033 1403 4 , , , 39033 1403 5 PROF PROF NNP 39033 1403 6 . . NNP 39033 1403 7 T. T. NNP 39033 1403 8 A. a. NN 39033 1403 9 HEARSON HEARSON NNP 39033 1403 10 , , , 39033 1403 11 M.Inst m.inst NN 39033 1403 12 . . . 39033 1403 13 C.E. C.E. NNP 39033 1403 14 , , , 39033 1403 15 and and CC 39033 1403 16 J. J. NNP 39033 1403 17 HARRISON HARRISON NNP 39033 1403 18 , , , 39033 1403 19 ESQ ESQ NNP 39033 1403 20 . . . 39033 1403 21 , , , 39033 1403 22 M.Inst M.Inst NNP 39033 1403 23 . . . 39033 1403 24 M.E. M.E. NNP 39033 1404 1 GENERAL GENERAL NNP 39033 1404 2 INSTRUCTIONS INSTRUCTIONS NNP 39033 1404 3 . . . 39033 1405 1 _ _ XX 39033 1405 2 If if IN 39033 1405 3 the the DT 39033 1405 4 rules rule NNS 39033 1405 5 are be VBP 39033 1405 6 not not RB 39033 1405 7 attended attend VBN 39033 1405 8 to to TO 39033 1405 9 , , , 39033 1405 10 the the DT 39033 1405 11 paper paper NN 39033 1405 12 will will MD 39033 1405 13 be be VB 39033 1405 14 cancelled cancel VBN 39033 1405 15 . . . 39033 1405 16 _ _ RB 39033 1405 17 You -PRON- PRP 39033 1405 18 may may MD 39033 1405 19 take take VB 39033 1405 20 the the DT 39033 1405 21 Elementary Elementary NNP 39033 1405 22 , , , 39033 1405 23 or or CC 39033 1405 24 the the DT 39033 1405 25 Advanced advanced JJ 39033 1405 26 , , , 39033 1405 27 or or CC 39033 1405 28 the the DT 39033 1405 29 Honours Honours NNP 39033 1405 30 paper paper NN 39033 1405 31 , , , 39033 1405 32 but but CC 39033 1405 33 you -PRON- PRP 39033 1405 34 must must MD 39033 1405 35 confine confine VB 39033 1405 36 yourself -PRON- PRP 39033 1405 37 to to IN 39033 1405 38 one one CD 39033 1405 39 of of IN 39033 1405 40 them -PRON- PRP 39033 1405 41 . . . 39033 1406 1 Put put VB 39033 1406 2 the the DT 39033 1406 3 number number NN 39033 1406 4 of of IN 39033 1406 5 the the DT 39033 1406 6 question question NN 39033 1406 7 before before IN 39033 1406 8 your -PRON- PRP$ 39033 1406 9 answer answer NN 39033 1406 10 . . . 39033 1407 1 You -PRON- PRP 39033 1407 2 are be VBP 39033 1407 3 expected expect VBN 39033 1407 4 to to TO 39033 1407 5 prove prove VB 39033 1407 6 your -PRON- PRP$ 39033 1407 7 knowledge knowledge NN 39033 1407 8 of of IN 39033 1407 9 machinery machinery NN 39033 1407 10 as as RB 39033 1407 11 well well RB 39033 1407 12 as as IN 39033 1407 13 your -PRON- PRP$ 39033 1407 14 power power NN 39033 1407 15 of of IN 39033 1407 16 drawing draw VBG 39033 1407 17 neatly neatly RB 39033 1407 18 to to TO 39033 1407 19 scale scale VB 39033 1407 20 . . . 39033 1408 1 You -PRON- PRP 39033 1408 2 are be VBP 39033 1408 3 therefore therefore RB 39033 1408 4 to to TO 39033 1408 5 supply supply VB 39033 1408 6 details detail NNS 39033 1408 7 omitted omit VBN 39033 1408 8 in in IN 39033 1408 9 the the DT 39033 1408 10 sketches sketch NNS 39033 1408 11 , , , 39033 1408 12 to to TO 39033 1408 13 fill fill VB 39033 1408 14 in in RP 39033 1408 15 parts part NNS 39033 1408 16 left leave VBN 39033 1408 17 incomplete incomplete JJ 39033 1408 18 , , , 39033 1408 19 and and CC 39033 1408 20 to to TO 39033 1408 21 indicate indicate VB 39033 1408 22 , , , 39033 1408 23 by by IN 39033 1408 24 diagonal diagonal JJ 39033 1408 25 lines line NNS 39033 1408 26 , , , 39033 1408 27 parts part NNS 39033 1408 28 cut cut VBN 39033 1408 29 by by IN 39033 1408 30 planes plane NNS 39033 1408 31 of of IN 39033 1408 32 section section NN 39033 1408 33 . . . 39033 1409 1 No no DT 39033 1409 2 credit credit NN 39033 1409 3 will will MD 39033 1409 4 be be VB 39033 1409 5 given give VBN 39033 1409 6 unless unless IN 39033 1409 7 some some DT 39033 1409 8 knowledge knowledge NN 39033 1409 9 of of IN 39033 1409 10 projection projection NN 39033 1409 11 is be VBZ 39033 1409 12 shown show VBN 39033 1409 13 , , , 39033 1409 14 so so IN 39033 1409 15 that that IN 39033 1409 16 at at RB 39033 1409 17 least least RBS 39033 1409 18 two two CD 39033 1409 19 views view NNS 39033 1409 20 of of IN 39033 1409 21 one one CD 39033 1409 22 of of IN 39033 1409 23 the the DT 39033 1409 24 examples example NNS 39033 1409 25 will will MD 39033 1409 26 be be VB 39033 1409 27 required require VBN 39033 1409 28 properly properly RB 39033 1409 29 projected project VBN 39033 1409 30 one one CD 39033 1409 31 from from IN 39033 1409 32 the the DT 39033 1409 33 other other JJ 39033 1409 34 . . . 39033 1410 1 The the DT 39033 1410 2 centre centre NN 39033 1410 3 lines line NNS 39033 1410 4 should should MD 39033 1410 5 be be VB 39033 1410 6 clearly clearly RB 39033 1410 7 drawn draw VBN 39033 1410 8 . . . 39033 1411 1 The the DT 39033 1411 2 figured figured JJ 39033 1411 3 dimensions dimension NNS 39033 1411 4 need nee MD 39033 1411 5 not not RB 39033 1411 6 be be VB 39033 1411 7 inserted insert VBN 39033 1411 8 . . . 39033 1412 1 Your -PRON- PRP$ 39033 1412 2 answers answer NNS 39033 1412 3 should should MD 39033 1412 4 be be VB 39033 1412 5 clearly clearly RB 39033 1412 6 and and CC 39033 1412 7 cleanly cleanly RB 39033 1412 8 drawn draw VBN 39033 1412 9 in in IN 39033 1412 10 pencil pencil NN 39033 1412 11 . . . 39033 1413 1 No no DT 39033 1413 2 extra extra JJ 39033 1413 3 marks mark NNS 39033 1413 4 will will MD 39033 1413 5 be be VB 39033 1413 6 allowed allow VBN 39033 1413 7 for for IN 39033 1413 8 inking ink VBG 39033 1413 9 in in RB 39033 1413 10 . . . 39033 1414 1 All all DT 39033 1414 2 figures figure NNS 39033 1414 3 must must MD 39033 1414 4 be be VB 39033 1414 5 drawn draw VBN 39033 1414 6 on on IN 39033 1414 7 the the DT 39033 1414 8 single single JJ 39033 1414 9 sheet sheet NN 39033 1414 10 of of IN 39033 1414 11 paper paper NN 39033 1414 12 supplied supply VBN 39033 1414 13 , , , 39033 1414 14 for for IN 39033 1414 15 no no DT 39033 1414 16 second second JJ 39033 1414 17 sheet sheet NN 39033 1414 18 will will MD 39033 1414 19 be be VB 39033 1414 20 allowed allow VBN 39033 1414 21 . . . 39033 1415 1 The the DT 39033 1415 2 value value NN 39033 1415 3 attached attach VBN 39033 1415 4 to to IN 39033 1415 5 each each DT 39033 1415 6 question question NN 39033 1415 7 is be VBZ 39033 1415 8 shown show VBN 39033 1415 9 in in IN 39033 1415 10 brackets bracket NNS 39033 1415 11 after after IN 39033 1415 12 the the DT 39033 1415 13 question question NN 39033 1415 14 . . . 39033 1416 1 But but CC 39033 1416 2 a a DT 39033 1416 3 full full JJ 39033 1416 4 and and CC 39033 1416 5 correct correct JJ 39033 1416 6 answer answer NN 39033 1416 7 to to IN 39033 1416 8 an an DT 39033 1416 9 easy easy JJ 39033 1416 10 question question NN 39033 1416 11 will will MD 39033 1416 12 in in IN 39033 1416 13 all all DT 39033 1416 14 cases case NNS 39033 1416 15 secure secure VBP 39033 1416 16 a a DT 39033 1416 17 larger large JJR 39033 1416 18 number number NN 39033 1416 19 of of IN 39033 1416 20 marks mark NNS 39033 1416 21 than than IN 39033 1416 22 an an DT 39033 1416 23 incomplete incomplete JJ 39033 1416 24 or or CC 39033 1416 25 inexact inexact NN 39033 1416 26 answer answer NN 39033 1416 27 to to IN 39033 1416 28 a a DT 39033 1416 29 more more RBR 39033 1416 30 difficult difficult JJ 39033 1416 31 one one CD 39033 1416 32 . . . 39033 1417 1 Your -PRON- PRP$ 39033 1417 2 name name NN 39033 1417 3 is be VBZ 39033 1417 4 not not RB 39033 1417 5 given give VBN 39033 1417 6 to to IN 39033 1417 7 the the DT 39033 1417 8 Examiner Examiner NNP 39033 1417 9 , , , 39033 1417 10 and and CC 39033 1417 11 you -PRON- PRP 39033 1417 12 are be VBP 39033 1417 13 forbidden forbid VBN 39033 1417 14 to to TO 39033 1417 15 write write VB 39033 1417 16 to to IN 39033 1417 17 him -PRON- PRP 39033 1417 18 about about IN 39033 1417 19 your -PRON- PRP$ 39033 1417 20 answers answer NNS 39033 1417 21 . . . 39033 1418 1 You -PRON- PRP 39033 1418 2 are be VBP 39033 1418 3 to to TO 39033 1418 4 confine confine VB 39033 1418 5 your -PRON- PRP$ 39033 1418 6 answers answer NNS 39033 1418 7 _ _ NNP 39033 1418 8 strictly strictly RB 39033 1418 9 _ _ NNP 39033 1418 10 to to IN 39033 1418 11 the the DT 39033 1418 12 questions question NNS 39033 1418 13 proposed propose VBN 39033 1418 14 . . . 39033 1419 1 A a DT 39033 1419 2 single single JJ 39033 1419 3 accent accent NN 39033 1419 4 ( ( -LRB- 39033 1419 5 ' ' '' 39033 1419 6 ) ) -RRB- 39033 1419 7 signifies signifie NNS 39033 1419 8 _ _ NNP 39033 1419 9 feet foot NNS 39033 1419 10 _ _ NNP 39033 1419 11 ; ; : 39033 1419 12 a a DT 39033 1419 13 double double JJ 39033 1419 14 accent accent NN 39033 1419 15 ( ( -LRB- 39033 1419 16 ") ") `` 39033 1419 17 _ _ NNP 39033 1419 18 inches inch NNS 39033 1419 19 _ _ NNP 39033 1419 20 . . . 39033 1420 1 _ _ NNP 39033 1420 2 The the DT 39033 1420 3 examination examination NN 39033 1420 4 in in IN 39033 1420 5 this this DT 39033 1420 6 subject subject NN 39033 1420 7 lasts last VBZ 39033 1420 8 for for IN 39033 1420 9 four four CD 39033 1420 10 hours hour NNS 39033 1420 11 . . . 39033 1420 12 _ _ IN 39033 1420 13 * * NFP 39033 1420 14 * * NFP 39033 1420 15 * * NFP 39033 1420 16 * * NFP 39033 1420 17 * * NFP 39033 1420 18 First First NNP 39033 1420 19 Stage Stage NNP 39033 1420 20 or or CC 39033 1420 21 Elementary Elementary NNP 39033 1420 22 Examination Examination NNP 39033 1420 23 . . . 39033 1421 1 1885 1885 CD 39033 1421 2 . . . 39033 1422 1 INSTRUCTIONS INSTRUCTIONS NNP 39033 1422 2 . . . 39033 1423 1 Read read VB 39033 1423 2 the the DT 39033 1423 3 General General NNP 39033 1423 4 Instructions Instructions NNPS 39033 1423 5 above above RB 39033 1423 6 . . . 39033 1424 1 Answer answer VB 39033 1424 2 briefly briefly RB 39033 1424 3 any any DT 39033 1424 4 three three CD 39033 1424 5 , , , 39033 1424 6 but but CC 39033 1424 7 not not RB 39033 1424 8 more more JJR 39033 1424 9 than than IN 39033 1424 10 three three CD 39033 1424 11 , , , 39033 1424 12 of of IN 39033 1424 13 the the DT 39033 1424 14 following follow VBG 39033 1424 15 questions question NNS 39033 1424 16 , , , 39033 1424 17 and and CC 39033 1424 18 draw draw VB 39033 1424 19 two two CD 39033 1424 20 , , , 39033 1424 21 but but CC 39033 1424 22 not not RB 39033 1424 23 more more JJR 39033 1424 24 than than IN 39033 1424 25 two two CD 39033 1424 26 , , , 39033 1424 27 of of IN 39033 1424 28 the the DT 39033 1424 29 examples example NNS 39033 1424 30 . . . 39033 1425 1 _ _ NNP 39033 1425 2 Questions Questions NNPS 39033 1425 3 . . . 39033 1425 4 _ _ NNP 39033 1425 5 ( ( -LRB- 39033 1425 6 _ _ NNP 39033 1425 7 a. a. NN 39033 1425 8 _ _ NNP 39033 1425 9 ) ) -RRB- 39033 1425 10 Show show VB 39033 1425 11 two two CD 39033 1425 12 methods method NNS 39033 1425 13 by by IN 39033 1425 14 which which WDT 39033 1425 15 a a DT 39033 1425 16 cotter cotter NN 39033 1425 17 may may MD 39033 1425 18 be be VB 39033 1425 19 prevented prevent VBN 39033 1425 20 from from IN 39033 1425 21 slacking slack VBG 39033 1425 22 back back RB 39033 1425 23 . . . 39033 1426 1 ( ( -LRB- 39033 1426 2 6 6 CD 39033 1426 3 . . . 39033 1426 4 ) ) -RRB- 39033 1427 1 ( ( -LRB- 39033 1427 2 _ _ NNP 39033 1427 3 b. b. NNP 39033 1427 4 _ _ NNP 39033 1427 5 ) ) -RRB- 39033 1427 6 Sketch sketch VB 39033 1427 7 the the DT 39033 1427 8 brasses brass NNS 39033 1427 9 for for IN 39033 1427 10 a a DT 39033 1427 11 bearing bearing NN 39033 1427 12 , , , 39033 1427 13 and and CC 39033 1427 14 show show VB 39033 1427 15 how how WRB 39033 1427 16 they -PRON- PRP 39033 1427 17 are be VBP 39033 1427 18 prevented prevent VBN 39033 1427 19 from from IN 39033 1427 20 turning turn VBG 39033 1427 21 in in RP 39033 1427 22 the the DT 39033 1427 23 pedestal pedestal NN 39033 1427 24 . . . 39033 1428 1 ( ( -LRB- 39033 1428 2 6 6 CD 39033 1428 3 . . . 39033 1428 4 ) ) -RRB- 39033 1429 1 ( ( -LRB- 39033 1429 2 _ _ NNP 39033 1429 3 c. c. NNP 39033 1429 4 _ _ NNP 39033 1429 5 ) ) -RRB- 39033 1429 6 Explain explain VB 39033 1429 7 the the DT 39033 1429 8 object object NN 39033 1429 9 of of IN 39033 1429 10 the the DT 39033 1429 11 construction construction NN 39033 1429 12 of of IN 39033 1429 13 the the DT 39033 1429 14 connecting connect VBG 39033 1429 15 rod rod NN 39033 1429 16 end end NN 39033 1429 17 shown show VBN 39033 1429 18 in in IN 39033 1429 19 fig fig NN 39033 1429 20 . . . 39033 1430 1 78 78 CD 39033 1430 2 . . . 39033 1431 1 Describe describe VB 39033 1431 2 how how WRB 39033 1431 3 the the DT 39033 1431 4 adjustment adjustment NN 39033 1431 5 must must MD 39033 1431 6 be be VB 39033 1431 7 made make VBN 39033 1431 8 and and CC 39033 1431 9 how how WRB 39033 1431 10 it -PRON- PRP 39033 1431 11 is be VBZ 39033 1431 12 locked lock VBN 39033 1431 13 . . . 39033 1432 1 ( ( -LRB- 39033 1432 2 10 10 CD 39033 1432 3 . . . 39033 1432 4 ) ) -RRB- 39033 1433 1 ( ( -LRB- 39033 1433 2 _ _ NNP 39033 1433 3 d. d. NNP 39033 1433 4 _ _ NNP 39033 1433 5 ) ) -RRB- 39033 1433 6 Show show VB 39033 1433 7 the the DT 39033 1433 8 form form NN 39033 1433 9 of of IN 39033 1433 10 the the DT 39033 1433 11 Whitworth Whitworth NNP 39033 1433 12 screw screw NN 39033 1433 13 thread thread NN 39033 1433 14 by by IN 39033 1433 15 drawing draw VBG 39033 1433 16 to to TO 39033 1433 17 scale scale VB 39033 1433 18 a a DT 39033 1433 19 part part NN 39033 1433 20 section section NN 39033 1433 21 of of IN 39033 1433 22 two two CD 39033 1433 23 or or CC 39033 1433 24 three three CD 39033 1433 25 threads thread NNS 39033 1433 26 taking take VBG 39033 1433 27 a a DT 39033 1433 28 pitch pitch NN 39033 1433 29 of of IN 39033 1433 30 1 1 CD 39033 1433 31 - - HYPH 39033 1433 32 1/2 1/2 CD 39033 1433 33 inches inch NNS 39033 1433 34 . . . 39033 1434 1 Figure figure VB 39033 1434 2 the the DT 39033 1434 3 dimensions dimension NNS 39033 1434 4 on on IN 39033 1434 5 the the DT 39033 1434 6 sketch sketch NN 39033 1434 7 . . . 39033 1435 1 How how WRB 39033 1435 2 many many JJ 39033 1435 3 threads thread NNS 39033 1435 4 to to IN 39033 1435 5 the the DT 39033 1435 6 inch inch NN 39033 1435 7 are be VBP 39033 1435 8 used use VBN 39033 1435 9 on on IN 39033 1435 10 an an DT 39033 1435 11 inch inch NN 39033 1435 12 bolt bolt NN 39033 1435 13 ? ? . 39033 1436 1 ( ( -LRB- 39033 1436 2 10 10 CD 39033 1436 3 . . . 39033 1436 4 ) ) -RRB- 39033 1437 1 ( ( -LRB- 39033 1437 2 _ _ NNP 39033 1437 3 e. e. NNP 39033 1437 4 _ _ NNP 39033 1437 5 ) ) -RRB- 39033 1437 6 Make make VB 39033 1437 7 a a DT 39033 1437 8 sketch sketch JJ 39033 1437 9 showing show VBG 39033 1437 10 how how WRB 39033 1437 11 the the DT 39033 1437 12 adjustment adjustment NN 39033 1437 13 is be VBZ 39033 1437 14 made make VBN 39033 1437 15 in in IN 39033 1437 16 the the DT 39033 1437 17 sliding slide VBG 39033 1437 18 parts part NNS 39033 1437 19 of of IN 39033 1437 20 machine machine NN 39033 1437 21 tools tool NNS 39033 1437 22 : : : 39033 1437 23 as as IN 39033 1437 24 , , , 39033 1437 25 for for IN 39033 1437 26 example example NN 39033 1437 27 , , , 39033 1437 28 in in IN 39033 1437 29 the the DT 39033 1437 30 slide slide NN 39033 1437 31 rest rest NN 39033 1437 32 of of IN 39033 1437 33 a a DT 39033 1437 34 lathe lathe NN 39033 1437 35 . . . 39033 1438 1 ( ( -LRB- 39033 1438 2 10 10 CD 39033 1438 3 . . . 39033 1438 4 ) ) -RRB- 39033 1439 1 ( ( -LRB- 39033 1439 2 _ _ NNP 39033 1439 3 f. f. NNP 39033 1439 4 _ _ NNP 39033 1439 5 ) ) -RRB- 39033 1439 6 Describe describe VB 39033 1439 7 with with IN 39033 1439 8 sketches sketch NNS 39033 1439 9 two two CD 39033 1439 10 methods method NNS 39033 1439 11 by by IN 39033 1439 12 which which WDT 39033 1439 13 the the DT 39033 1439 14 joints joint NNS 39033 1439 15 are be VBP 39033 1439 16 made make VBN 39033 1439 17 in in IN 39033 1439 18 connecting connect VBG 39033 1439 19 lengths length NNS 39033 1439 20 of of IN 39033 1439 21 cast cast NN 39033 1439 22 - - HYPH 39033 1439 23 iron iron NN 39033 1439 24 pipes pipe NNS 39033 1439 25 . . . 39033 1440 1 ( ( -LRB- 39033 1440 2 6 6 CD 39033 1440 3 . . . 39033 1440 4 ) ) -RRB- 39033 1441 1 _ _ NNP 39033 1441 2 Examples Examples NNPS 39033 1441 3 to to TO 39033 1441 4 be be VB 39033 1441 5 drawn draw VBN 39033 1441 6 . . . 39033 1441 7 _ _ NNP 39033 1441 8 1 1 CD 39033 1441 9 . . . 39033 1442 1 Jaw Jaw NNP 39033 1442 2 for for IN 39033 1442 3 four four CD 39033 1442 4 - - HYPH 39033 1442 5 screw screw NN 39033 1442 6 dog dog NN 39033 1442 7 chuck chuck NN 39033 1442 8 for for IN 39033 1442 9 5 5 CD 39033 1442 10 " " `` 39033 1442 11 lathe lathe NN 39033 1442 12 . . . 39033 1443 1 Draw draw VB 39033 1443 2 the the DT 39033 1443 3 two two CD 39033 1443 4 views view NNS 39033 1443 5 as as IN 39033 1443 6 shown show VBN 39033 1443 7 ( ( -LRB- 39033 1443 8 fig fig NN 39033 1443 9 . . . 39033 1444 1 77 77 CD 39033 1444 2 ) ) -RRB- 39033 1444 3 . . . 39033 1445 1 Scale scale VB 39033 1445 2 full full JJ 39033 1445 3 size size NN 39033 1445 4 . . . 39033 1446 1 ( ( -LRB- 39033 1446 2 Note.--The Note.--The NNP 39033 1446 3 other other JJ 39033 1446 4 three three CD 39033 1446 5 jaws jaw NNS 39033 1446 6 of of IN 39033 1446 7 the the DT 39033 1446 8 chuck chuck NN 39033 1446 9 are be VBP 39033 1446 10 not not RB 39033 1446 11 to to TO 39033 1446 12 be be VB 39033 1446 13 drawn draw VBN 39033 1446 14 . . . 39033 1446 15 ) ) -RRB- 39033 1447 1 ( ( -LRB- 39033 1447 2 35 35 CD 39033 1447 3 . . . 39033 1447 4 ) ) -RRB- 39033 1448 1 2 2 LS 39033 1448 2 . . . 39033 1449 1 Connecting connect VBG 39033 1449 2 rod rod NN 39033 1449 3 end end NN 39033 1449 4 . . . 39033 1450 1 Draw draw VB 39033 1450 2 the the DT 39033 1450 3 two two CD 39033 1450 4 views view NNS 39033 1450 5 as as IN 39033 1450 6 shown show VBN 39033 1450 7 , , , 39033 1450 8 partly partly RB 39033 1450 9 in in IN 39033 1450 10 section section NN 39033 1450 11 ( ( -LRB- 39033 1450 12 fig fig VB 39033 1450 13 . . . 39033 1451 1 78 78 CD 39033 1451 2 ) ) -RRB- 39033 1451 3 . . . 39033 1452 1 Draw draw VB 39033 1452 2 full full JJ 39033 1452 3 size size NN 39033 1452 4 . . . 39033 1453 1 ( ( -LRB- 39033 1453 2 35 35 CD 39033 1453 3 . . . 39033 1453 4 ) ) -RRB- 39033 1454 1 3 3 LS 39033 1454 2 . . . 39033 1455 1 Hooke Hooke NNP 39033 1455 2 's 's POS 39033 1455 3 coupling coupling NN 39033 1455 4 . . . 39033 1456 1 Draw draw VB 39033 1456 2 the the DT 39033 1456 3 three three CD 39033 1456 4 views view NNS 39033 1456 5 shown show VBN 39033 1456 6 ( ( -LRB- 39033 1456 7 fig fig NN 39033 1456 8 . . . 39033 1457 1 79 79 CD 39033 1457 2 ) ) -RRB- 39033 1457 3 , , , 39033 1457 4 adding add VBG 39033 1457 5 any any DT 39033 1457 6 omitted omitted JJ 39033 1457 7 lines line NNS 39033 1457 8 where where WRB 39033 1457 9 the the DT 39033 1457 10 views view NNS 39033 1457 11 are be VBP 39033 1457 12 incomplete incomplete JJ 39033 1457 13 . . . 39033 1458 1 Draw draw VB 39033 1458 2 to to TO 39033 1458 3 scale scale NN 39033 1458 4 of of IN 39033 1458 5 1/4 1/4 CD 39033 1458 6 full full JJ 39033 1458 7 size size NN 39033 1458 8 . . . 39033 1459 1 ( ( -LRB- 39033 1459 2 35 35 CD 39033 1459 3 . . . 39033 1459 4 ) ) -RRB- 39033 1460 1 [ [ -LRB- 39033 1460 2 Illustration illustration NN 39033 1460 3 : : : 39033 1460 4 FIGS FIGS NNP 39033 1460 5 . . . 39033 1461 1 77 77 CD 39033 1461 2 AND and CC 39033 1461 3 78 78 CD 39033 1461 4 . . . 39033 1461 5 ] ] -RRB- 39033 1462 1 [ [ -LRB- 39033 1462 2 Illustration illustration NN 39033 1462 3 : : : 39033 1462 4 FIG FIG NNP 39033 1462 5 . . . 39033 1463 1 79 79 CD 39033 1463 2 . . . 39033 1463 3 ] ] -RRB- 39033 1464 1 * * NFP 39033 1464 2 * * NFP 39033 1464 3 * * NFP 39033 1464 4 * * NFP 39033 1464 5 * * NFP 39033 1464 6 First First NNP 39033 1464 7 Stage Stage NNP 39033 1464 8 or or CC 39033 1464 9 Elementary Elementary NNP 39033 1464 10 Examination Examination NNP 39033 1464 11 . . . 39033 1465 1 1886 1886 CD 39033 1465 2 . . . 39033 1466 1 INSTRUCTIONS INSTRUCTIONS NNP 39033 1466 2 . . . 39033 1467 1 Read read VB 39033 1467 2 the the DT 39033 1467 3 General General NNP 39033 1467 4 Instructions Instructions NNPS 39033 1467 5 ( ( -LRB- 39033 1467 6 page page NN 39033 1467 7 102 102 CD 39033 1467 8 ) ) -RRB- 39033 1467 9 . . . 39033 1468 1 Answer answer VB 39033 1468 2 briefly briefly RB 39033 1468 3 any any DT 39033 1468 4 three three CD 39033 1468 5 , , , 39033 1468 6 but but CC 39033 1468 7 not not RB 39033 1468 8 more more JJR 39033 1468 9 than than IN 39033 1468 10 three three CD 39033 1468 11 , , , 39033 1468 12 of of IN 39033 1468 13 the the DT 39033 1468 14 following follow VBG 39033 1468 15 questions question NNS 39033 1468 16 , , , 39033 1468 17 and and CC 39033 1468 18 draw draw VB 39033 1468 19 two two CD 39033 1468 20 , , , 39033 1468 21 but but CC 39033 1468 22 not not RB 39033 1468 23 more more JJR 39033 1468 24 than than IN 39033 1468 25 two two CD 39033 1468 26 , , , 39033 1468 27 of of IN 39033 1468 28 the the DT 39033 1468 29 examples example NNS 39033 1468 30 . . . 39033 1469 1 _ _ NNP 39033 1469 2 Questions Questions NNPS 39033 1469 3 . . . 39033 1469 4 _ _ NNP 39033 1469 5 ( ( -LRB- 39033 1469 6 _ _ NNP 39033 1469 7 a. a. NN 39033 1469 8 _ _ NNP 39033 1469 9 ) ) -RRB- 39033 1469 10 Give give VB 39033 1469 11 sketches sketch NNS 39033 1469 12 showing show VBG 39033 1469 13 how how WRB 39033 1469 14 the the DT 39033 1469 15 cutting cut VBG 39033 1469 16 tool tool NN 39033 1469 17 of of IN 39033 1469 18 a a DT 39033 1469 19 lathe lathe NN 39033 1469 20 or or CC 39033 1469 21 other other JJ 39033 1469 22 machine machine NN 39033 1469 23 is be VBZ 39033 1469 24 secured secure VBN 39033 1469 25 in in IN 39033 1469 26 place place NN 39033 1469 27 . . . 39033 1470 1 ( ( -LRB- 39033 1470 2 6 6 CD 39033 1470 3 . . . 39033 1470 4 ) ) -RRB- 39033 1471 1 ( ( -LRB- 39033 1471 2 _ _ NNP 39033 1471 3 b. b. NNP 39033 1471 4 _ _ NNP 39033 1471 5 ) ) -RRB- 39033 1471 6 Make make VB 39033 1471 7 a a DT 39033 1471 8 sketch sketch NN 39033 1471 9 of of IN 39033 1471 10 a a DT 39033 1471 11 stud stud NN 39033 1471 12 , , , 39033 1471 13 describe describe VB 39033 1471 14 how how WRB 39033 1471 15 it -PRON- PRP 39033 1471 16 is be VBZ 39033 1471 17 screwed screw VBN 39033 1471 18 into into IN 39033 1471 19 place place NN 39033 1471 20 , , , 39033 1471 21 and and CC 39033 1471 22 state state VB 39033 1471 23 some some DT 39033 1471 24 circumstances circumstance NNS 39033 1471 25 under under IN 39033 1471 26 which which WDT 39033 1471 27 it -PRON- PRP 39033 1471 28 is be VBZ 39033 1471 29 used use VBN 39033 1471 30 in in IN 39033 1471 31 preference preference NN 39033 1471 32 to to IN 39033 1471 33 a a DT 39033 1471 34 bolt bolt NN 39033 1471 35 . . . 39033 1472 1 ( ( -LRB- 39033 1472 2 6 6 CD 39033 1472 3 . . . 39033 1472 4 ) ) -RRB- 39033 1473 1 ( ( -LRB- 39033 1473 2 _ _ NNP 39033 1473 3 c. c. NNP 39033 1473 4 _ _ NNP 39033 1473 5 ) ) -RRB- 39033 1473 6 Give give VB 39033 1473 7 sketches sketch NNS 39033 1473 8 showing show VBG 39033 1473 9 one one CD 39033 1473 10 method method NN 39033 1473 11 of of IN 39033 1473 12 attaching attach VBG 39033 1473 13 the the DT 39033 1473 14 valve valve NN 39033 1473 15 rod rod NN 39033 1473 16 to to IN 39033 1473 17 an an DT 39033 1473 18 ordinary ordinary JJ 39033 1473 19 slide slide NN 39033 1473 20 valve valve NN 39033 1473 21 . . . 39033 1474 1 ( ( -LRB- 39033 1474 2 6 6 CD 39033 1474 3 . . . 39033 1474 4 ) ) -RRB- 39033 1475 1 ( ( -LRB- 39033 1475 2 _ _ NNP 39033 1475 3 d. d. NNP 39033 1475 4 _ _ NNP 39033 1475 5 ) ) -RRB- 39033 1475 6 Sketch sketch VB 39033 1475 7 a a DT 39033 1475 8 connecting connect VBG 39033 1475 9 rod rod NN 39033 1475 10 end end NN 39033 1475 11 , , , 39033 1475 12 with with IN 39033 1475 13 strap strap NN 39033 1475 14 , , , 39033 1475 15 gib gib NN 39033 1475 16 , , , 39033 1475 17 and and CC 39033 1475 18 cotter cotter NN 39033 1475 19 . . . 39033 1476 1 Explain explain VB 39033 1476 2 the the DT 39033 1476 3 use use NN 39033 1476 4 of of IN 39033 1476 5 the the DT 39033 1476 6 gib gib NN 39033 1476 7 . . . 39033 1477 1 ( ( -LRB- 39033 1477 2 10 10 CD 39033 1477 3 . . . 39033 1477 4 ) ) -RRB- 39033 1478 1 ( ( -LRB- 39033 1478 2 _ _ NNP 39033 1478 3 e. e. NNP 39033 1478 4 _ _ NNP 39033 1478 5 ) ) -RRB- 39033 1478 6 Explain explain VB 39033 1478 7 the the DT 39033 1478 8 use use NN 39033 1478 9 of of IN 39033 1478 10 the the DT 39033 1478 11 quadrant quadrant NN 39033 1478 12 for for IN 39033 1478 13 change change NN 39033 1478 14 wheels wheel NNS 39033 1478 15 for for IN 39033 1478 16 a a DT 39033 1478 17 screw screw NN 39033 1478 18 - - HYPH 39033 1478 19 cutting cut VBG 39033 1478 20 lathe lathe NN 39033 1478 21 shown show VBN 39033 1478 22 in in IN 39033 1478 23 Example Example NNP 39033 1478 24 1 1 CD 39033 1478 25 , , , 39033 1478 26 fig fig NN 39033 1478 27 . . . 39033 1479 1 80 80 CD 39033 1479 2 , , , 39033 1479 3 by by IN 39033 1479 4 making make VBG 39033 1479 5 a a DT 39033 1479 6 sketch sketch NN 39033 1479 7 showing show VBG 39033 1479 8 it -PRON- PRP 39033 1479 9 in in IN 39033 1479 10 place place NN 39033 1479 11 on on IN 39033 1479 12 a a DT 39033 1479 13 lathe lathe NN 39033 1479 14 with with IN 39033 1479 15 wheels wheel NNS 39033 1479 16 in in IN 39033 1479 17 gear gear NN 39033 1479 18 . . . 39033 1480 1 ( ( -LRB- 39033 1480 2 10 10 CD 39033 1480 3 . . . 39033 1480 4 ) ) -RRB- 39033 1481 1 ( ( -LRB- 39033 1481 2 _ _ NNP 39033 1481 3 f. f. NNP 39033 1481 4 _ _ NNP 39033 1481 5 ) ) -RRB- 39033 1481 6 Sketch sketch VB 39033 1481 7 one one CD 39033 1481 8 form form NN 39033 1481 9 of of IN 39033 1481 10 hanger hanger NN 39033 1481 11 suitable suitable JJ 39033 1481 12 for for IN 39033 1481 13 supporting support VBG 39033 1481 14 mill mill NN 39033 1481 15 - - HYPH 39033 1481 16 shafting shafting NN 39033 1481 17 . . . 39033 1482 1 ( ( -LRB- 39033 1482 2 10 10 CD 39033 1482 3 . . . 39033 1482 4 ) ) -RRB- 39033 1483 1 _ _ NNP 39033 1483 2 Examples Examples NNPS 39033 1483 3 to to TO 39033 1483 4 be be VB 39033 1483 5 drawn draw VBN 39033 1483 6 . . . 39033 1483 7 _ _ NNP 39033 1483 8 1 1 CD 39033 1483 9 . . . 39033 1484 1 Quadrant quadrant JJ 39033 1484 2 for for IN 39033 1484 3 change change NN 39033 1484 4 wheels wheel NNS 39033 1484 5 for for IN 39033 1484 6 screw screw NN 39033 1484 7 - - HYPH 39033 1484 8 cutting cut VBG 39033 1484 9 lathe lathe NN 39033 1484 10 . . . 39033 1485 1 Draw draw VB 39033 1485 2 the the DT 39033 1485 3 two two CD 39033 1485 4 views view NNS 39033 1485 5 shown show VBN 39033 1485 6 ( ( -LRB- 39033 1485 7 fig fig NN 39033 1485 8 . . . 39033 1486 1 80 80 CD 39033 1486 2 ) ) -RRB- 39033 1486 3 . . . 39033 1487 1 Scale scale VB 39033 1487 2 half half NN 39033 1487 3 - - HYPH 39033 1487 4 size size NN 39033 1487 5 . . . 39033 1488 1 ( ( -LRB- 39033 1488 2 35 35 CD 39033 1488 3 . . . 39033 1488 4 ) ) -RRB- 39033 1489 1 2 2 LS 39033 1489 2 . . . 39033 1490 1 Crank Crank NNP 39033 1490 2 - - HYPH 39033 1490 3 shaft shaft NN 39033 1490 4 . . . 39033 1491 1 Draw draw VB 39033 1491 2 the the DT 39033 1491 3 two two CD 39033 1491 4 views view NNS 39033 1491 5 as as IN 39033 1491 6 shown show VBN 39033 1491 7 , , , 39033 1491 8 partly partly RB 39033 1491 9 in in IN 39033 1491 10 section section NN 39033 1491 11 ( ( -LRB- 39033 1491 12 fig fig VB 39033 1491 13 81 81 CD 39033 1491 14 ) ) -RRB- 39033 1491 15 . . . 39033 1492 1 Scale scale NN 39033 1492 2 1/8 1/8 CD 39033 1492 3 full full JJ 39033 1492 4 size size NN 39033 1492 5 . . . 39033 1493 1 ( ( -LRB- 39033 1493 2 35 35 CD 39033 1493 3 . . . 39033 1493 4 ) ) -RRB- 39033 1494 1 3 3 LS 39033 1494 2 . . . 39033 1495 1 Ball ball NN 39033 1495 2 bearing bear VBG 39033 1495 3 for for IN 39033 1495 4 tricycle tricycle NN 39033 1495 5 . . . 39033 1496 1 Draw draw VB 39033 1496 2 the the DT 39033 1496 3 two two CD 39033 1496 4 views view NNS 39033 1496 5 as as IN 39033 1496 6 shown show VBN 39033 1496 7 , , , 39033 1496 8 partly partly RB 39033 1496 9 in in IN 39033 1496 10 section section NN 39033 1496 11 ( ( -LRB- 39033 1496 12 fig fig VB 39033 1496 13 . . . 39033 1497 1 82 82 CD 39033 1497 2 ) ) -RRB- 39033 1497 3 . . . 39033 1498 1 Draw draw VB 39033 1498 2 full full JJ 39033 1498 3 size size NN 39033 1498 4 . . . 39033 1499 1 ( ( -LRB- 39033 1499 2 35 35 CD 39033 1499 3 . . . 39033 1499 4 ) ) -RRB- 39033 1500 1 [ [ -LRB- 39033 1500 2 Illustration illustration NN 39033 1500 3 : : : 39033 1500 4 FIGS FIGS NNP 39033 1500 5 . . . 39033 1501 1 80 80 CD 39033 1501 2 AND and CC 39033 1501 3 81 81 CD 39033 1501 4 . . . 39033 1501 5 ] ] -RRB- 39033 1502 1 [ [ -LRB- 39033 1502 2 Illustration illustration NN 39033 1502 3 : : : 39033 1502 4 FIG FIG NNP 39033 1502 5 . . . 39033 1503 1 82 82 CD 39033 1503 2 . . . 39033 1503 3 ] ] -RRB- 39033 1504 1 * * NFP 39033 1504 2 * * NFP 39033 1504 3 * * NFP 39033 1504 4 * * NFP 39033 1504 5 * * NFP 39033 1504 6 First First NNP 39033 1504 7 Stage Stage NNP 39033 1504 8 or or CC 39033 1504 9 Elementary Elementary NNP 39033 1504 10 Examination Examination NNP 39033 1504 11 . . . 39033 1505 1 1887 1887 CD 39033 1505 2 . . . 39033 1506 1 INSTRUCTIONS INSTRUCTIONS NNP 39033 1506 2 . . . 39033 1507 1 Read read VB 39033 1507 2 the the DT 39033 1507 3 General General NNP 39033 1507 4 Instructions Instructions NNPS 39033 1507 5 ( ( -LRB- 39033 1507 6 page page NN 39033 1507 7 102 102 CD 39033 1507 8 ) ) -RRB- 39033 1507 9 . . . 39033 1508 1 Answer answer VB 39033 1508 2 briefly briefly RB 39033 1508 3 any any DT 39033 1508 4 three three CD 39033 1508 5 , , , 39033 1508 6 but but CC 39033 1508 7 not not RB 39033 1508 8 more more JJR 39033 1508 9 than than IN 39033 1508 10 three three CD 39033 1508 11 , , , 39033 1508 12 of of IN 39033 1508 13 the the DT 39033 1508 14 following follow VBG 39033 1508 15 questions question NNS 39033 1508 16 , , , 39033 1508 17 and and CC 39033 1508 18 draw draw VB 39033 1508 19 two two CD 39033 1508 20 , , , 39033 1508 21 but but CC 39033 1508 22 not not RB 39033 1508 23 more more JJR 39033 1508 24 than than IN 39033 1508 25 two two CD 39033 1508 26 , , , 39033 1508 27 of of IN 39033 1508 28 the the DT 39033 1508 29 examples example NNS 39033 1508 30 . . . 39033 1509 1 _ _ NNP 39033 1509 2 Questions Questions NNPS 39033 1509 3 . . . 39033 1509 4 _ _ NNP 39033 1509 5 ( ( -LRB- 39033 1509 6 _ _ NNP 39033 1509 7 a. a. NN 39033 1509 8 _ _ NNP 39033 1509 9 ) ) -RRB- 39033 1509 10 Explain explain VB 39033 1509 11 how how WRB 39033 1509 12 the the DT 39033 1509 13 piston piston NN 39033 1509 14 rings ring NNS 39033 1509 15 in in IN 39033 1509 16 Example Example NNP 39033 1509 17 1 1 CD 39033 1509 18 , , , 39033 1509 19 fig fig NN 39033 1509 20 . . . 39033 1510 1 84 84 CD 39033 1510 2 , , , 39033 1510 3 are be VBP 39033 1510 4 made make VBN 39033 1510 5 so so IN 39033 1510 6 that that IN 39033 1510 7 the the DT 39033 1510 8 piston piston NN 39033 1510 9 may may MD 39033 1510 10 work work VB 39033 1510 11 steam steam NN 39033 1510 12 - - HYPH 39033 1510 13 tight tight JJ 39033 1510 14 in in IN 39033 1510 15 the the DT 39033 1510 16 cylinder cylinder NN 39033 1510 17 . . . 39033 1511 1 How how WRB 39033 1511 2 are be VBP 39033 1511 3 these these DT 39033 1511 4 rings ring NNS 39033 1511 5 got get VBD 39033 1511 6 into into IN 39033 1511 7 place place NN 39033 1511 8 ? ? . 39033 1512 1 ( ( -LRB- 39033 1512 2 8 8 CD 39033 1512 3 . . . 39033 1512 4 ) ) -RRB- 39033 1513 1 ( ( -LRB- 39033 1513 2 _ _ NNP 39033 1513 3 b. b. NNP 39033 1513 4 _ _ NNP 39033 1513 5 ) ) -RRB- 39033 1513 6 Give give VB 39033 1513 7 two two CD 39033 1513 8 views view NNS 39033 1513 9 of of IN 39033 1513 10 a a DT 39033 1513 11 double double JJ 39033 1513 12 riveted riveted JJ 39033 1513 13 lap lap NN 39033 1513 14 joint joint NN 39033 1513 15 for for IN 39033 1513 16 boiler boiler NN 39033 1513 17 - - HYPH 39033 1513 18 plates plate NNS 39033 1513 19 . . . 39033 1514 1 ( ( -LRB- 39033 1514 2 8 8 CD 39033 1514 3 . . . 39033 1514 4 ) ) -RRB- 39033 1515 1 ( ( -LRB- 39033 1515 2 _ _ NNP 39033 1515 3 c. c. NNP 39033 1515 4 _ _ NNP 39033 1515 5 ) ) -RRB- 39033 1515 6 Show Show NNP 39033 1515 7 by by IN 39033 1515 8 sketches sketch NNS 39033 1515 9 how how WRB 39033 1515 10 a a DT 39033 1515 11 wheel wheel NN 39033 1515 12 is be VBZ 39033 1515 13 fixed fix VBN 39033 1515 14 on on IN 39033 1515 15 a a DT 39033 1515 16 shaft shaft NN 39033 1515 17 by by IN 39033 1515 18 means mean NNS 39033 1515 19 of of IN 39033 1515 20 a a DT 39033 1515 21 sunk sink VBN 39033 1515 22 key key NN 39033 1515 23 . . . 39033 1516 1 Explain explain VB 39033 1516 2 how how WRB 39033 1516 3 the the DT 39033 1516 4 key key NN 39033 1516 5 may may MD 39033 1516 6 be be VB 39033 1516 7 withdrawn withdraw VBN 39033 1516 8 when when WRB 39033 1516 9 it -PRON- PRP 39033 1516 10 can can MD 39033 1516 11 not not RB 39033 1516 12 be be VB 39033 1516 13 driven drive VBN 39033 1516 14 from from IN 39033 1516 15 the the DT 39033 1516 16 point point NN 39033 1516 17 end end NN 39033 1516 18 . . . 39033 1517 1 ( ( -LRB- 39033 1517 2 8 8 CD 39033 1517 3 . . . 39033 1517 4 ) ) -RRB- 39033 1518 1 ( ( -LRB- 39033 1518 2 _ _ NNP 39033 1518 3 d. d. NNP 39033 1518 4 _ _ NNP 39033 1518 5 ) ) -RRB- 39033 1518 6 Give give VB 39033 1518 7 sketches sketch NNS 39033 1518 8 showing show VBG 39033 1518 9 the the DT 39033 1518 10 construction construction NN 39033 1518 11 of of IN 39033 1518 12 a a DT 39033 1518 13 conical conical JJ 39033 1518 14 metal metal NN 39033 1518 15 lift lift NN 39033 1518 16 or or CC 39033 1518 17 puppet puppet NN 39033 1518 18 valve valve NN 39033 1518 19 and and CC 39033 1518 20 seating seating NN 39033 1518 21 . . . 39033 1519 1 ( ( -LRB- 39033 1519 2 10 10 CD 39033 1519 3 . . . 39033 1519 4 ) ) -RRB- 39033 1520 1 ( ( -LRB- 39033 1520 2 _ _ NNP 39033 1520 3 e. e. NNP 39033 1520 4 _ _ NNP 39033 1520 5 ) ) -RRB- 39033 1520 6 With with IN 39033 1520 7 the the DT 39033 1520 8 aid aid NN 39033 1520 9 of of IN 39033 1520 10 sketches sketch NNS 39033 1520 11 explain explain VBP 39033 1520 12 how how WRB 39033 1520 13 a a DT 39033 1520 14 piston piston NN 39033 1520 15 rod rod NN 39033 1520 16 is be VBZ 39033 1520 17 made make VBN 39033 1520 18 to to TO 39033 1520 19 work work VB 39033 1520 20 steam steam NN 39033 1520 21 - - HYPH 39033 1520 22 tight tight JJ 39033 1520 23 through through IN 39033 1520 24 the the DT 39033 1520 25 end end NN 39033 1520 26 of of IN 39033 1520 27 the the DT 39033 1520 28 cylinder cylinder NN 39033 1520 29 . . . 39033 1521 1 ( ( -LRB- 39033 1521 2 10 10 CD 39033 1521 3 . . . 39033 1521 4 ) ) -RRB- 39033 1522 1 ( ( -LRB- 39033 1522 2 _ _ NNP 39033 1522 3 f. f. NNP 39033 1522 4 _ _ NNP 39033 1522 5 ) ) -RRB- 39033 1522 6 Explain explain VB 39033 1522 7 how how WRB 39033 1522 8 the the DT 39033 1522 9 slotting slot VBG 39033 1522 10 machine machine NN 39033 1522 11 ram ram NN 39033 1522 12 of of IN 39033 1522 13 Example Example NNP 39033 1522 14 8 8 CD 39033 1522 15 , , , 39033 1522 16 fig fig NN 39033 1522 17 . . . 39033 1523 1 85 85 CD 39033 1523 2 , , , 39033 1523 3 may may MD 39033 1523 4 be be VB 39033 1523 5 made make VBN 39033 1523 6 to to TO 39033 1523 7 move move VB 39033 1523 8 up up RB 39033 1523 9 and and CC 39033 1523 10 down down RB 39033 1523 11 when when WRB 39033 1523 12 at at IN 39033 1523 13 work work NN 39033 1523 14 . . . 39033 1524 1 How how WRB 39033 1524 2 is be VBZ 39033 1524 3 the the DT 39033 1524 4 length length NN 39033 1524 5 of of IN 39033 1524 6 the the DT 39033 1524 7 stroke stroke NN 39033 1524 8 altered alter VBD 39033 1524 9 , , , 39033 1524 10 and and CC 39033 1524 11 what what WP 39033 1524 12 is be VBZ 39033 1524 13 the the DT 39033 1524 14 object object NN 39033 1524 15 of of IN 39033 1524 16 the the DT 39033 1524 17 slotway slotway NN 39033 1524 18 in in IN 39033 1524 19 the the DT 39033 1524 20 upper upper JJ 39033 1524 21 part part NN 39033 1524 22 of of IN 39033 1524 23 the the DT 39033 1524 24 ram ram NN 39033 1524 25 ? ? . 39033 1525 1 ( ( -LRB- 39033 1525 2 10 10 CD 39033 1525 3 . . . 39033 1525 4 ) ) -RRB- 39033 1526 1 _ _ NNP 39033 1526 2 Examples Examples NNPS 39033 1526 3 to to TO 39033 1526 4 be be VB 39033 1526 5 drawn draw VBN 39033 1526 6 . . . 39033 1526 7 _ _ NNP 39033 1526 8 1 1 CD 39033 1526 9 . . . 39033 1527 1 Piston Piston NNP 39033 1527 2 for for IN 39033 1527 3 steam steam NN 39033 1527 4 - - HYPH 39033 1527 5 engine engine NN 39033 1527 6 . . . 39033 1528 1 Draw draw VB 39033 1528 2 and and CC 39033 1528 3 complete complete VB 39033 1528 4 the the DT 39033 1528 5 two two CD 39033 1528 6 views view NNS 39033 1528 7 shown show VBN 39033 1528 8 ( ( -LRB- 39033 1528 9 fig fig NN 39033 1528 10 . . . 39033 1529 1 84 84 CD 39033 1529 2 ) ) -RRB- 39033 1529 3 , , , 39033 1529 4 the the DT 39033 1529 5 top top JJ 39033 1529 6 half half NN 39033 1529 7 of of IN 39033 1529 8 the the DT 39033 1529 9 left left JJ 39033 1529 10 - - HYPH 39033 1529 11 hand hand NN 39033 1529 12 view view NN 39033 1529 13 to to TO 39033 1529 14 be be VB 39033 1529 15 in in IN 39033 1529 16 section section NN 39033 1529 17 . . . 39033 1530 1 Scale scale NN 39033 1530 2 1/2 1/2 CD 39033 1530 3 size size NN 39033 1530 4 . . . 39033 1531 1 ( ( -LRB- 39033 1531 2 30 30 CD 39033 1531 3 . . . 39033 1531 4 ) ) -RRB- 39033 1532 1 2 2 LS 39033 1532 2 . . . 39033 1533 1 Plan plan NN 39033 1533 2 and and CC 39033 1533 3 sectional sectional JJ 39033 1533 4 elevation elevation NN 39033 1533 5 of of IN 39033 1533 6 a a DT 39033 1533 7 footstep footstep NN 39033 1533 8 bearing bear VBG 39033 1533 9 for for IN 39033 1533 10 an an DT 39033 1533 11 upright upright JJ 39033 1533 12 shaft shaft NN 39033 1533 13 ( ( -LRB- 39033 1533 14 fig fig NN 39033 1533 15 . . . 39033 1534 1 83 83 CD 39033 1534 2 ) ) -RRB- 39033 1534 3 . . . 39033 1535 1 Draw draw VB 39033 1535 2 and and CC 39033 1535 3 complete complete VB 39033 1535 4 these these DT 39033 1535 5 views view NNS 39033 1535 6 . . . 39033 1536 1 Scale scale NN 39033 1536 2 1/4 1/4 CD 39033 1536 3 size size NN 39033 1536 4 . . . 39033 1537 1 ( ( -LRB- 39033 1537 2 35 35 CD 39033 1537 3 . . . 39033 1537 4 ) ) -RRB- 39033 1538 1 3 3 LS 39033 1538 2 . . . 39033 1539 1 Ram ram NN 39033 1539 2 of of IN 39033 1539 3 slotting slot VBG 39033 1539 4 machine machine NN 39033 1539 5 . . . 39033 1540 1 Draw draw VB 39033 1540 2 and and CC 39033 1540 3 complete complete VB 39033 1540 4 the the DT 39033 1540 5 two two CD 39033 1540 6 elevations elevation NNS 39033 1540 7 shown show VBN 39033 1540 8 ( ( -LRB- 39033 1540 9 fig fig NN 39033 1540 10 . . . 39033 1541 1 85 85 CD 39033 1541 2 ) ) -RRB- 39033 1541 3 . . . 39033 1542 1 The the DT 39033 1542 2 tool tool NN 39033 1542 3 - - HYPH 39033 1542 4 holders holder NNS 39033 1542 5 must must MD 39033 1542 6 be be VB 39033 1542 7 drawn draw VBN 39033 1542 8 in in IN 39033 1542 9 their -PRON- PRP$ 39033 1542 10 proper proper JJ 39033 1542 11 positions position NNS 39033 1542 12 in in IN 39033 1542 13 the the DT 39033 1542 14 ram ram NN 39033 1542 15 , , , 39033 1542 16 and and CC 39033 1542 17 not not RB 39033 1542 18 separate separate JJ 39033 1542 19 as as IN 39033 1542 20 in in IN 39033 1542 21 the the DT 39033 1542 22 diagram diagram NN 39033 1542 23 . . . 39033 1543 1 Scale scale NN 39033 1543 2 1/4 1/4 CD 39033 1543 3 size size NN 39033 1543 4 . . . 39033 1544 1 ( ( -LRB- 39033 1544 2 35 35 CD 39033 1544 3 . . . 39033 1544 4 ) ) -RRB- 39033 1545 1 [ [ -LRB- 39033 1545 2 Illustration illustration NN 39033 1545 3 : : : 39033 1545 4 FIGS FIGS NNP 39033 1545 5 . . . 39033 1546 1 83 83 CD 39033 1546 2 AND and CC 39033 1546 3 84 84 CD 39033 1546 4 . . . 39033 1546 5 ] ] -RRB- 39033 1547 1 [ [ -LRB- 39033 1547 2 Illustration illustration NN 39033 1547 3 : : : 39033 1547 4 FIG FIG NNP 39033 1547 5 . . . 39033 1548 1 85 85 CD 39033 1548 2 . . . 39033 1548 3 ] ] -RRB- 39033 1549 1 * * NFP 39033 1549 2 * * NFP 39033 1549 3 * * NFP 39033 1549 4 * * NFP 39033 1549 5 * * NFP 39033 1549 6 First First NNP 39033 1549 7 Stage Stage NNP 39033 1549 8 or or CC 39033 1549 9 Elementary Elementary NNP 39033 1549 10 Examination Examination NNP 39033 1549 11 . . . 39033 1550 1 1888 1888 CD 39033 1550 2 . . . 39033 1551 1 INSTRUCTIONS INSTRUCTIONS NNP 39033 1551 2 . . . 39033 1552 1 Read read VB 39033 1552 2 the the DT 39033 1552 3 General General NNP 39033 1552 4 Instructions Instructions NNP 39033 1552 5 on on IN 39033 1552 6 p. p. NN 39033 1552 7 102 102 CD 39033 1552 8 . . . 39033 1553 1 Answer answer VB 39033 1553 2 briefly briefly RB 39033 1553 3 any any DT 39033 1553 4 three three CD 39033 1553 5 , , , 39033 1553 6 but but CC 39033 1553 7 not not RB 39033 1553 8 more more JJR 39033 1553 9 than than IN 39033 1553 10 three three CD 39033 1553 11 , , , 39033 1553 12 of of IN 39033 1553 13 the the DT 39033 1553 14 following follow VBG 39033 1553 15 questions question NNS 39033 1553 16 , , , 39033 1553 17 and and CC 39033 1553 18 draw draw VB 39033 1553 19 two two CD 39033 1553 20 , , , 39033 1553 21 but but CC 39033 1553 22 not not RB 39033 1553 23 more more JJR 39033 1553 24 than than IN 39033 1553 25 two two CD 39033 1553 26 , , , 39033 1553 27 of of IN 39033 1553 28 the the DT 39033 1553 29 examples example NNS 39033 1553 30 . . . 39033 1554 1 _ _ NNP 39033 1554 2 Questions Questions NNPS 39033 1554 3 . . . 39033 1554 4 _ _ NNP 39033 1554 5 ( ( -LRB- 39033 1554 6 _ _ NNP 39033 1554 7 a. a. NN 39033 1554 8 _ _ NNP 39033 1554 9 ) ) -RRB- 39033 1554 10 Give give VB 39033 1554 11 sketches sketch NNS 39033 1554 12 showing show VBG 39033 1554 13 how how WRB 39033 1554 14 the the DT 39033 1554 15 separate separate JJ 39033 1554 16 lengths length NNS 39033 1554 17 of of IN 39033 1554 18 a a DT 39033 1554 19 line line NN 39033 1554 20 of of IN 39033 1554 21 shafting shafting NN 39033 1554 22 may may MD 39033 1554 23 be be VB 39033 1554 24 connected connect VBN 39033 1554 25 together together RB 39033 1554 26 . . . 39033 1555 1 ( ( -LRB- 39033 1555 2 8 8 CD 39033 1555 3 . . . 39033 1555 4 ) ) -RRB- 39033 1556 1 ( ( -LRB- 39033 1556 2 _ _ NNP 39033 1556 3 b. b. NNP 39033 1556 4 _ _ NNP 39033 1556 5 ) ) -RRB- 39033 1556 6 What what WP 39033 1556 7 is be VBZ 39033 1556 8 the the DT 39033 1556 9 object object NN 39033 1556 10 of of IN 39033 1556 11 using use VBG 39033 1556 12 chipping chipping NN 39033 1556 13 or or CC 39033 1556 14 facing face VBG 39033 1556 15 strips strip NNS 39033 1556 16 in in IN 39033 1556 17 fitting fit VBG 39033 1556 18 up up RP 39033 1556 19 machine machine NN 39033 1556 20 parts part NNS 39033 1556 21 ? ? . 39033 1557 1 Give give VB 39033 1557 2 one one CD 39033 1557 3 or or CC 39033 1557 4 two two CD 39033 1557 5 examples example NNS 39033 1557 6 . . . 39033 1558 1 ( ( -LRB- 39033 1558 2 8 8 CD 39033 1558 3 . . . 39033 1558 4 ) ) -RRB- 39033 1559 1 ( ( -LRB- 39033 1559 2 _ _ NNP 39033 1559 3 c. c. NNP 39033 1559 4 _ _ NNP 39033 1559 5 ) ) -RRB- 39033 1559 6 Give give VB 39033 1559 7 sketches sketch NNS 39033 1559 8 showing show VBG 39033 1559 9 how how WRB 39033 1559 10 you -PRON- PRP 39033 1559 11 would would MD 39033 1559 12 grip grip VB 39033 1559 13 and and CC 39033 1559 14 drive drive VB 39033 1559 15 a a DT 39033 1559 16 round round JJ 39033 1559 17 iron iron NN 39033 1559 18 bar bar NN 39033 1559 19 for for IN 39033 1559 20 the the DT 39033 1559 21 purpose purpose NN 39033 1559 22 of of IN 39033 1559 23 turning turn VBG 39033 1559 24 it -PRON- PRP 39033 1559 25 between between IN 39033 1559 26 the the DT 39033 1559 27 centres centre NNS 39033 1559 28 of of IN 39033 1559 29 a a DT 39033 1559 30 lathe lathe NN 39033 1559 31 . . . 39033 1560 1 ( ( -LRB- 39033 1560 2 10 10 CD 39033 1560 3 . . . 39033 1560 4 ) ) -RRB- 39033 1561 1 ( ( -LRB- 39033 1561 2 _ _ NNP 39033 1561 3 d. d. NNP 39033 1561 4 _ _ NNP 39033 1561 5 ) ) -RRB- 39033 1561 6 Explain explain VB 39033 1561 7 the the DT 39033 1561 8 action action NN 39033 1561 9 of of IN 39033 1561 10 the the DT 39033 1561 11 governor governor NN 39033 1561 12 shown show VBN 39033 1561 13 in in IN 39033 1561 14 Example example NN 39033 1561 15 1 1 CD 39033 1561 16 ( ( -LRB- 39033 1561 17 fig fig NN 39033 1561 18 . . . 39033 1562 1 86 86 CD 39033 1562 2 ) ) -RRB- 39033 1562 3 . . . 39033 1563 1 ( ( -LRB- 39033 1563 2 10 10 CD 39033 1563 3 . . . 39033 1563 4 ) ) -RRB- 39033 1564 1 ( ( -LRB- 39033 1564 2 _ _ NNP 39033 1564 3 e. e. NNP 39033 1564 4 _ _ NNP 39033 1564 5 ) ) -RRB- 39033 1564 6 Describe describe VB 39033 1564 7 in in IN 39033 1564 8 detail detail NN 39033 1564 9 how how WRB 39033 1564 10 the the DT 39033 1564 11 mud mud NN 39033 1564 12 - - HYPH 39033 1564 13 hole hole NN 39033 1564 14 door door NN 39033 1564 15 in in IN 39033 1564 16 Example example NN 39033 1564 17 2 2 CD 39033 1564 18 ( ( -LRB- 39033 1564 19 fig fig NN 39033 1564 20 . . . 39033 1565 1 88 88 CD 39033 1565 2 ) ) -RRB- 39033 1565 3 is be VBZ 39033 1565 4 removed remove VBN 39033 1565 5 for for IN 39033 1565 6 the the DT 39033 1565 7 purpose purpose NN 39033 1565 8 of of IN 39033 1565 9 cleaning clean VBG 39033 1565 10 the the DT 39033 1565 11 boiler boiler NN 39033 1565 12 and and CC 39033 1565 13 how how WRB 39033 1565 14 it -PRON- PRP 39033 1565 15 is be VBZ 39033 1565 16 replaced replace VBN 39033 1565 17 and and CC 39033 1565 18 the the DT 39033 1565 19 joint joint NN 39033 1565 20 made make VBD 39033 1565 21 steam steam NN 39033 1565 22 - - HYPH 39033 1565 23 tight tight JJ 39033 1565 24 . . . 39033 1566 1 ( ( -LRB- 39033 1566 2 10 10 CD 39033 1566 3 . . . 39033 1566 4 ) ) -RRB- 39033 1567 1 ( ( -LRB- 39033 1567 2 _ _ NNP 39033 1567 3 f. f. NNP 39033 1567 4 _ _ NNP 39033 1567 5 ) ) -RRB- 39033 1567 6 Describe describe VB 39033 1567 7 how how WRB 39033 1567 8 the the DT 39033 1567 9 parts part NNS 39033 1567 10 of of IN 39033 1567 11 the the DT 39033 1567 12 spur spur NN 39033 1567 13 wheel wheel NN 39033 1567 14 in in IN 39033 1567 15 Example example NN 39033 1567 16 3 3 CD 39033 1567 17 ( ( -LRB- 39033 1567 18 fig fig NN 39033 1567 19 . . . 39033 1568 1 87 87 CD 39033 1568 2 ) ) -RRB- 39033 1568 3 are be VBP 39033 1568 4 put put VBN 39033 1568 5 together together RB 39033 1568 6 , , , 39033 1568 7 and and CC 39033 1568 8 explain explain VB 39033 1568 9 why why WRB 39033 1568 10 the the DT 39033 1568 11 wheel wheel NN 39033 1568 12 is be VBZ 39033 1568 13 made make VBN 39033 1568 14 in in IN 39033 1568 15 segments segment NNS 39033 1568 16 . . . 39033 1569 1 ( ( -LRB- 39033 1569 2 10 10 CD 39033 1569 3 . . . 39033 1569 4 ) ) -RRB- 39033 1570 1 _ _ NNP 39033 1570 2 Examples Examples NNPS 39033 1570 3 to to TO 39033 1570 4 be be VB 39033 1570 5 drawn draw VBN 39033 1570 6 . . . 39033 1570 7 _ _ NNP 39033 1570 8 1 1 CD 39033 1570 9 . . . 39033 1571 1 Loaded load VBN 39033 1571 2 governor governor NN 39033 1571 3 for for IN 39033 1571 4 small small JJ 39033 1571 5 gas gas NN 39033 1571 6 engine engine NN 39033 1571 7 . . . 39033 1572 1 Draw draw VB 39033 1572 2 and and CC 39033 1572 3 complete complete VB 39033 1572 4 the the DT 39033 1572 5 two two CD 39033 1572 6 views view NNS 39033 1572 7 , , , 39033 1572 8 partly partly RB 39033 1572 9 in in IN 39033 1572 10 section section NN 39033 1572 11 as as IN 39033 1572 12 shown show VBN 39033 1572 13 ( ( -LRB- 39033 1572 14 fig fig NN 39033 1572 15 . . . 39033 1573 1 86 86 CD 39033 1573 2 ) ) -RRB- 39033 1573 3 . . . 39033 1574 1 Scale scale VB 39033 1574 2 full full JJ 39033 1574 3 size size NN 39033 1574 4 . . . 39033 1575 1 ( ( -LRB- 39033 1575 2 35 35 CD 39033 1575 3 . . . 39033 1575 4 ) ) -RRB- 39033 1576 1 2 2 LS 39033 1576 2 . . . 39033 1577 1 Mud mud JJ 39033 1577 2 - - HYPH 39033 1577 3 hole hole NN 39033 1577 4 mouth mouth NN 39033 1577 5 - - HYPH 39033 1577 6 piece piece NN 39033 1577 7 for for IN 39033 1577 8 Lancashire Lancashire NNP 39033 1577 9 boiler boiler NN 39033 1577 10 . . . 39033 1578 1 Draw draw VB 39033 1578 2 and and CC 39033 1578 3 complete complete VB 39033 1578 4 the the DT 39033 1578 5 two two CD 39033 1578 6 views view NNS 39033 1578 7 shown show VBN 39033 1578 8 ( ( -LRB- 39033 1578 9 fig fig NN 39033 1578 10 . . . 39033 1579 1 88 88 CD 39033 1579 2 ) ) -RRB- 39033 1579 3 . . . 39033 1580 1 Scale Scale NNP 39033 1580 2 3/8ths 3/8ths CD 39033 1580 3 . . . 39033 1581 1 ( ( -LRB- 39033 1581 2 35 35 CD 39033 1581 3 . . . 39033 1581 4 ) ) -RRB- 39033 1582 1 3 3 LS 39033 1582 2 . . . 39033 1583 1 Point point NN 39033 1583 2 for for IN 39033 1583 3 segments segment NNS 39033 1583 4 of of IN 39033 1583 5 large large JJ 39033 1583 6 spur spur NN 39033 1583 7 wheel wheel NN 39033 1583 8 . . . 39033 1584 1 Draw draw VB 39033 1584 2 and and CC 39033 1584 3 complete complete VB 39033 1584 4 the the DT 39033 1584 5 views view NNS 39033 1584 6 shown show VBN 39033 1584 7 ( ( -LRB- 39033 1584 8 fig fig NN 39033 1584 9 . . . 39033 1585 1 87 87 CD 39033 1585 2 ) ) -RRB- 39033 1585 3 . . . 39033 1586 1 Scale scale NN 39033 1586 2 3/16ths 3/16th NNS 39033 1586 3 . . . 39033 1587 1 _ _ NNP 39033 1587 2 Note._--As Note._--As NNP 39033 1587 3 the the DT 39033 1587 4 radius radius NN 39033 1587 5 of of IN 39033 1587 6 the the DT 39033 1587 7 wheel wheel NN 39033 1587 8 is be VBZ 39033 1587 9 too too RB 39033 1587 10 large large JJ 39033 1587 11 for for IN 39033 1587 12 your -PRON- PRP$ 39033 1587 13 instruments instrument NNS 39033 1587 14 , , , 39033 1587 15 the the DT 39033 1587 16 circumference circumference NN 39033 1587 17 at at IN 39033 1587 18 the the DT 39033 1587 19 joint joint NN 39033 1587 20 may may MD 39033 1587 21 be be VB 39033 1587 22 set set VBN 39033 1587 23 out out RP 39033 1587 24 straight straight RB 39033 1587 25 , , , 39033 1587 26 as as IN 39033 1587 27 in in IN 39033 1587 28 a a DT 39033 1587 29 rack rack NN 39033 1587 30 . . . 39033 1588 1 ( ( -LRB- 39033 1588 2 35 35 CD 39033 1588 3 . . . 39033 1588 4 ) ) -RRB- 39033 1589 1 [ [ -LRB- 39033 1589 2 Illustration illustration NN 39033 1589 3 : : : 39033 1589 4 FIGS FIGS NNP 39033 1589 5 . . . 39033 1590 1 86 86 CD 39033 1590 2 AND and CC 39033 1590 3 87 87 CD 39033 1590 4 . . . 39033 1590 5 ] ] -RRB- 39033 1591 1 [ [ -LRB- 39033 1591 2 Illustration illustration NN 39033 1591 3 : : : 39033 1591 4 FIG FIG NNP 39033 1591 5 . . . 39033 1592 1 88 88 CD 39033 1592 2 . . . 39033 1592 3 ] ] -RRB- 39033 1593 1 INDEX INDEX NNP 39033 1593 2 Air Air NNP 39033 1593 3 - - HYPH 39033 1593 4 pump pump NN 39033 1593 5 bucket bucket NN 39033 1593 6 , , , 39033 1593 7 58 58 CD 39033 1593 8 Alloys alloy NNS 39033 1593 9 , , , 39033 1593 10 80 80 CD 39033 1593 11 Angle Angle NNP 39033 1593 12 irons iron NNS 39033 1593 13 , , , 39033 1593 14 12 12 CD 39033 1593 15 Annealing annealing NN 39033 1593 16 , , , 39033 1593 17 79 79 CD 39033 1593 18 , , , 39033 1593 19 80 80 CD 39033 1593 20 Axles axle NNS 39033 1593 21 , , , 39033 1593 22 24 24 CD 39033 1593 23 Back back RB 39033 1593 24 stay stay NN 39033 1593 25 for for IN 39033 1593 26 lathe lathe NN 39033 1593 27 , , , 39033 1593 28 86 86 CD 39033 1593 29 Bar bar NN 39033 1593 30 stay stay NN 39033 1593 31 , , , 39033 1593 32 83 83 CD 39033 1593 33 Bearings bearing NNS 39033 1593 34 for for IN 39033 1593 35 shafts shaft NNS 39033 1593 36 , , , 39033 1593 37 30 30 CD 39033 1593 38 Beech beech NN 39033 1593 39 - - HYPH 39033 1593 40 wood wood NN 39033 1593 41 , , , 39033 1593 42 81 81 CD 39033 1593 43 Bell Bell NNP 39033 1593 44 crank crank NNP 39033 1593 45 lever lever NN 39033 1593 46 , , , 39033 1593 47 86 86 CD 39033 1593 48 Bessemer Bessemer NNP 39033 1593 49 steel steel NN 39033 1593 50 , , , 39033 1593 51 79 79 CD 39033 1593 52 Bevil bevil JJ 39033 1593 53 wheels wheel NNS 39033 1593 54 , , , 39033 1593 55 43 43 CD 39033 1593 56 Blister blister NN 39033 1593 57 steel steel NN 39033 1593 58 , , , 39033 1593 59 79 79 CD 39033 1593 60 Blooms Blooms NNP 39033 1593 61 , , , 39033 1593 62 78 78 CD 39033 1593 63 Bolt bolt NN 39033 1593 64 - - HYPH 39033 1593 65 heads head NNS 39033 1593 66 , , , 39033 1593 67 proportions proportion NNS 39033 1593 68 of of IN 39033 1593 69 , , , 39033 1593 70 18 18 CD 39033 1593 71 Bolts bolt NNS 39033 1593 72 , , , 39033 1593 73 forms form NNS 39033 1593 74 of of IN 39033 1593 75 , , , 39033 1593 76 17 17 CD 39033 1593 77 Border border NN 39033 1593 78 lines line NNS 39033 1593 79 , , , 39033 1593 80 4 4 CD 39033 1593 81 Box Box NNP 39033 1593 82 couplings coupling NNS 39033 1593 83 , , , 39033 1593 84 25 25 CD 39033 1593 85 -- -- : 39033 1593 86 end end NN 39033 1593 87 , , , 39033 1593 88 connecting connect VBG 39033 1593 89 rod rod NN 39033 1593 90 , , , 39033 1593 91 51 51 CD 39033 1593 92 Box box NN 39033 1593 93 - - HYPH 39033 1593 94 wood wood NN 39033 1593 95 , , , 39033 1593 96 81 81 CD 39033 1593 97 Brackets bracket NNS 39033 1593 98 , , , 39033 1593 99 33 33 CD 39033 1593 100 Brake brake NN 39033 1593 101 shaft shaft NN 39033 1593 102 carrier carrier NN 39033 1593 103 , , , 39033 1593 104 30 30 CD 39033 1593 105 Brass Brass NNP 39033 1593 106 , , , 39033 1593 107 80 80 CD 39033 1593 108 Brasses brass NNS 39033 1593 109 , , , 39033 1593 110 30 30 CD 39033 1593 111 Bucket Bucket NNP 39033 1593 112 , , , 39033 1593 113 58 58 CD 39033 1593 114 Built build VBN 39033 1593 115 - - HYPH 39033 1593 116 up up RP 39033 1593 117 cranks crank NNS 39033 1593 118 , , , 39033 1593 119 46 46 CD 39033 1593 120 Bush Bush NNP 39033 1593 121 , , , 39033 1593 122 30 30 CD 39033 1593 123 , , , 39033 1593 124 49 49 CD 39033 1593 125 , , , 39033 1593 126 51 51 CD 39033 1593 127 , , , 39033 1593 128 54 54 CD 39033 1593 129 , , , 39033 1593 130 56 56 CD 39033 1593 131 , , , 39033 1593 132 63 63 CD 39033 1593 133 Butt Butt NNP 39033 1593 134 joints joint NNS 39033 1593 135 , , , 39033 1593 136 10 10 CD 39033 1593 137 , , , 39033 1593 138 11 11 CD 39033 1593 139 -- -- : 39033 1593 140 strap strap NN 39033 1593 141 , , , 39033 1593 142 10 10 CD 39033 1593 143 Buttress Buttress NNP 39033 1593 144 screw screw NN 39033 1593 145 thread thread NN 39033 1593 146 , , , 39033 1593 147 15 15 CD 39033 1593 148 Case case NN 39033 1593 149 - - HYPH 39033 1593 150 hardening harden VBG 39033 1593 151 , , , 39033 1593 152 80 80 CD 39033 1593 153 Cast Cast NNP 39033 1593 154 iron iron NN 39033 1593 155 , , , 39033 1593 156 76 76 CD 39033 1593 157 Cast Cast NNP 39033 1593 158 iron iron NN 39033 1593 159 flange flange NN 39033 1593 160 coupling coupling NN 39033 1593 161 , , , 39033 1593 162 28 28 CD 39033 1593 163 , , , 39033 1593 164 29 29 CD 39033 1593 165 -- -- : 39033 1593 166 steel steel NN 39033 1593 167 , , , 39033 1593 168 79 79 CD 39033 1593 169 Caulking Caulking NNP 39033 1593 170 , , , 39033 1593 171 8 8 CD 39033 1593 172 Cementation cementation NN 39033 1593 173 process process NN 39033 1593 174 , , , 39033 1593 175 79 79 CD 39033 1593 176 Centre centre NN 39033 1593 177 lines line NNS 39033 1593 178 , , , 39033 1593 179 2 2 CD 39033 1593 180 , , , 39033 1593 181 4 4 CD 39033 1593 182 Chilled chill VBN 39033 1593 183 castings casting NNS 39033 1593 184 , , , 39033 1593 185 78 78 CD 39033 1593 186 Circulating circulate VBG 39033 1593 187 pump pump NN 39033 1593 188 piston piston NN 39033 1593 189 , , , 39033 1593 190 58 58 CD 39033 1593 191 Clearance clearance NN 39033 1593 192 , , , 39033 1593 193 cylinder cylinder NN 39033 1593 194 , , , 39033 1593 195 74 74 CD 39033 1593 196 -- -- : 39033 1593 197 of of IN 39033 1593 198 cotter cotter NN 39033 1593 199 , , , 39033 1593 200 49 49 CD 39033 1593 201 Cocks cock NNS 39033 1593 202 , , , 39033 1593 203 74 74 CD 39033 1593 204 Cogs cog NNS 39033 1593 205 , , , 39033 1593 206 41 41 CD 39033 1593 207 -- -- : 39033 1593 208 wood wood NN 39033 1593 209 for for IN 39033 1593 210 , , , 39033 1593 211 81 81 CD 39033 1593 212 Collared Collared NNP 39033 1593 213 stud stud NN 39033 1593 214 , , , 39033 1593 215 18 18 CD 39033 1593 216 Collars collar NNS 39033 1593 217 , , , 39033 1593 218 24 24 CD 39033 1593 219 Colouring colour VBG 39033 1593 220 , , , 39033 1593 221 3 3 CD 39033 1593 222 Colours colour NNS 39033 1593 223 for for IN 39033 1593 224 different different JJ 39033 1593 225 materials material NNS 39033 1593 226 , , , 39033 1593 227 3 3 CD 39033 1593 228 Compasses Compasses NNPS 39033 1593 229 , , , 39033 1593 230 1 1 CD 39033 1593 231 Cone cone NN 39033 1593 232 keys key NNS 39033 1593 233 , , , 39033 1593 234 23 23 CD 39033 1593 235 , , , 39033 1593 236 38 38 CD 39033 1593 237 Conical conical JJ 39033 1593 238 disc disc NN 39033 1593 239 valve valve NN 39033 1593 240 , , , 39033 1593 241 70 70 CD 39033 1593 242 , , , 39033 1593 243 71 71 CD 39033 1593 244 , , , 39033 1593 245 89 89 CD 39033 1593 246 -- -- : 39033 1593 247 head head NN 39033 1593 248 , , , 39033 1593 249 7 7 CD 39033 1593 250 Connecting connect VBG 39033 1593 251 rod rod NN 39033 1593 252 , , , 39033 1593 253 locomotive locomotive JJ 39033 1593 254 , , , 39033 1593 255 51 51 CD 39033 1593 256 -- -- : 39033 1593 257 -- -- : 39033 1593 258 marine marine NNP 39033 1593 259 , , , 39033 1593 260 51 51 CD 39033 1593 261 -- -- : 39033 1593 262 rods rod NNS 39033 1593 263 , , , 39033 1593 264 49 49 CD 39033 1593 265 , , , 39033 1593 266 89 89 CD 39033 1593 267 Construction construction NN 39033 1593 268 for for IN 39033 1593 269 rivet rivet NNS 39033 1593 270 heads head NNS 39033 1593 271 , , , 39033 1593 272 7 7 CD 39033 1593 273 Contraction Contraction NNP 39033 1593 274 of of IN 39033 1593 275 castings casting NNS 39033 1593 276 , , , 39033 1593 277 77 77 CD 39033 1593 278 Copper Copper NNP 39033 1593 279 , , , 39033 1593 280 80 80 CD 39033 1593 281 Cotters cotter NNS 39033 1593 282 , , , 39033 1593 283 48 48 CD 39033 1593 284 , , , 39033 1593 285 49 49 CD 39033 1593 286 Countersunk Countersunk NNP 39033 1593 287 head head NN 39033 1593 288 , , , 39033 1593 289 7 7 CD 39033 1593 290 , , , 39033 1593 291 18 18 CD 39033 1593 292 Coupling coupling NN 39033 1593 293 rod rod NN 39033 1593 294 ends end NNS 39033 1593 295 , , , 39033 1593 296 55 55 CD 39033 1593 297 , , , 39033 1593 298 84 84 CD 39033 1593 299 -- -- : 39033 1593 300 rods rod NNS 39033 1593 301 , , , 39033 1593 302 54 54 CD 39033 1593 303 -- -- : 39033 1593 304 screw screw NN 39033 1593 305 , , , 39033 1593 306 96 96 CD 39033 1593 307 Couplings coupling NNS 39033 1593 308 , , , 39033 1593 309 shaft shaft NN 39033 1593 310 , , , 39033 1593 311 25 25 CD 39033 1593 312 Cover cover NN 39033 1593 313 plate plate NN 39033 1593 314 , , , 39033 1593 315 10 10 CD 39033 1593 316 Cranked Cranked NNP 39033 1593 317 axle axle NN 39033 1593 318 , , , 39033 1593 319 45 45 CD 39033 1593 320 Cranks Cranks NNPS 39033 1593 321 , , , 39033 1593 322 43 43 CD 39033 1593 323 -- -- : 39033 1593 324 built build VBN 39033 1593 325 - - HYPH 39033 1593 326 up up RP 39033 1593 327 , , , 39033 1593 328 46 46 CD 39033 1593 329 Cross cross JJ 39033 1593 330 - - JJ 39033 1593 331 head head NN 39033 1593 332 pin pin NNP 39033 1593 333 , , , 39033 1593 334 51 51 CD 39033 1593 335 Cross cross NN 39033 1593 336 - - NNS 39033 1593 337 heads head NNS 39033 1593 338 , , , 39033 1593 339 56 56 CD 39033 1593 340 , , , 39033 1593 341 89 89 CD 39033 1593 342 Cross cross NN 39033 1593 343 - - JJ 39033 1593 344 key key JJ 39033 1593 345 , , , 39033 1593 346 28 28 CD 39033 1593 347 Cup Cup NNP 39033 1593 348 - - HYPH 39033 1593 349 headed head VBN 39033 1593 350 bolt bolt NN 39033 1593 351 , , , 39033 1593 352 17 17 CD 39033 1593 353 Decimal Decimal NNP 39033 1593 354 equivalents equivalent NNS 39033 1593 355 , , , 39033 1593 356 6 6 CD 39033 1593 357 Dimension dimension NN 39033 1593 358 lines line NNS 39033 1593 359 , , , 39033 1593 360 5 5 CD 39033 1593 361 Dimensions dimension NNS 39033 1593 362 , , , 39033 1593 363 5 5 CD 39033 1593 364 -- -- : 39033 1593 365 of of IN 39033 1593 366 box box NN 39033 1593 367 couplings coupling NNS 39033 1593 368 , , , 39033 1593 369 26 26 CD 39033 1593 370 -- -- : 39033 1593 371 cast cast NN 39033 1593 372 - - HYPH 39033 1593 373 iron iron NN 39033 1593 374 flange flange JJ 39033 1593 375 couplings coupling NNS 39033 1593 376 , , , 39033 1593 377 29 29 CD 39033 1593 378 -- -- : 39033 1593 379 keys key NNS 39033 1593 380 , , , 39033 1593 381 24 24 CD 39033 1593 382 -- -- : 39033 1593 383 stuffing stuff VBG 39033 1593 384 - - HYPH 39033 1593 385 boxes box NNS 39033 1593 386 and and CC 39033 1593 387 glands gland NNS 39033 1593 388 , , , 39033 1593 389 67 67 CD 39033 1593 390 -- -- : 39033 1593 391 Whitworth Whitworth NNP 39033 1593 392 screws screw NNS 39033 1593 393 , , , 39033 1593 394 15 15 CD 39033 1593 395 Distance Distance NNP 39033 1593 396 lines line NNS 39033 1593 397 , , , 39033 1593 398 5 5 CD 39033 1593 399 Dividers divider NNS 39033 1593 400 , , , 39033 1593 401 1 1 CD 39033 1593 402 Draught draught NN 39033 1593 403 of of IN 39033 1593 404 cotter cotter NN 39033 1593 405 , , , 39033 1593 406 49 49 CD 39033 1593 407 Drawing Drawing NNP 39033 1593 408 board board NN 39033 1593 409 , , , 39033 1593 410 1 1 CD 39033 1593 411 -- -- : 39033 1593 412 instruments instrument NNS 39033 1593 413 , , , 39033 1593 414 1 1 CD 39033 1593 415 -- -- : 39033 1593 416 paper paper NN 39033 1593 417 , , , 39033 1593 418 2 2 CD 39033 1593 419 -- -- : 39033 1593 420 pen pen NN 39033 1593 421 , , , 39033 1593 422 1 1 CD 39033 1593 423 -- -- : 39033 1593 424 pins pin NNS 39033 1593 425 , , , 39033 1593 426 2 2 CD 39033 1593 427 Eccentrics eccentric NNS 39033 1593 428 , , , 39033 1593 429 47 47 CD 39033 1593 430 Exhaust Exhaust NNP 39033 1593 431 port port NN 39033 1593 432 , , , 39033 1593 433 71 71 CD 39033 1593 434 Eye Eye NNP 39033 1593 435 - - HYPH 39033 1593 436 bolt bolt NNP 39033 1593 437 , , , 39033 1593 438 18 18 CD 39033 1593 439 Fairbairn Fairbairn NNP 39033 1593 440 's 's POS 39033 1593 441 coupling coupling NN 39033 1593 442 , , , 39033 1593 443 26 26 CD 39033 1593 444 Fast fast JJ 39033 1593 445 and and CC 39033 1593 446 loose loose JJ 39033 1593 447 pulleys pulley NNS 39033 1593 448 , , , 39033 1593 449 37 37 CD 39033 1593 450 Feather Feather NNP 39033 1593 451 key key NN 39033 1593 452 , , , 39033 1593 453 23 23 CD 39033 1593 454 Flange flange JJ 39033 1593 455 couplings coupling NNS 39033 1593 456 , , , 39033 1593 457 27 27 CD 39033 1593 458 Flap Flap NNP 39033 1593 459 valves valve NNS 39033 1593 460 , , , 39033 1593 461 68 68 CD 39033 1593 462 Flat flat JJ 39033 1593 463 key key NN 39033 1593 464 , , , 39033 1593 465 22 22 CD 39033 1593 466 Forge Forge NNP 39033 1593 467 irons iron NNS 39033 1593 468 , , , 39033 1593 469 77 77 CD 39033 1593 470 Forging forging NN 39033 1593 471 , , , 39033 1593 472 79 79 CD 39033 1593 473 Form form NN 39033 1593 474 of of IN 39033 1593 475 wheel wheel NN 39033 1593 476 teeth tooth NNS 39033 1593 477 , , , 39033 1593 478 40 40 CD 39033 1593 479 Forms form NNS 39033 1593 480 of of IN 39033 1593 481 nuts nut NNS 39033 1593 482 , , , 39033 1593 483 16 16 CD 39033 1593 484 -- -- : 39033 1593 485 rivet rivet NNS 39033 1593 486 heads head NNS 39033 1593 487 , , , 39033 1593 488 7 7 CD 39033 1593 489 -- -- : 39033 1593 490 screw screw NN 39033 1593 491 threads thread NNS 39033 1593 492 , , , 39033 1593 493 15 15 CD 39033 1593 494 Foundry foundry JJ 39033 1593 495 irons iron NNS 39033 1593 496 , , , 39033 1593 497 77 77 CD 39033 1593 498 Gasket Gasket NNP 39033 1593 499 , , , 39033 1593 500 58 58 CD 39033 1593 501 Gas gas NN 39033 1593 502 threads thread NNS 39033 1593 503 , , , 39033 1593 504 15 15 CD 39033 1593 505 Gib gib NN 39033 1593 506 , , , 39033 1593 507 49 49 CD 39033 1593 508 -- -- : 39033 1593 509 head head NN 39033 1593 510 , , , 39033 1593 511 23 23 CD 39033 1593 512 Girder Girder NNP 39033 1593 513 stay stay VBP 39033 1593 514 , , , 39033 1593 515 81 81 CD 39033 1593 516 Gland Gland NNP 39033 1593 517 , , , 39033 1593 518 64 64 CD 39033 1593 519 Grey Grey NNP 39033 1593 520 cast cast NN 39033 1593 521 iron iron NN 39033 1593 522 , , , 39033 1593 523 77 77 CD 39033 1593 524 Gun Gun NNP 39033 1593 525 - - HYPH 39033 1593 526 metal metal NNP 39033 1593 527 , , , 39033 1593 528 80 80 CD 39033 1593 529 Gusset Gusset NNP 39033 1593 530 stay stay VBP 39033 1593 531 , , , 39033 1593 532 12 12 CD 39033 1593 533 Half half JJ 39033 1593 534 - - HYPH 39033 1593 535 lap lap NN 39033 1593 536 coupling coupling NN 39033 1593 537 , , , 39033 1593 538 26 26 CD 39033 1593 539 Hangers hanger NNS 39033 1593 540 , , , 39033 1593 541 34 34 CD 39033 1593 542 Hardening harden VBG 39033 1593 543 of of IN 39033 1593 544 steel steel NN 39033 1593 545 , , , 39033 1593 546 80 80 CD 39033 1593 547 Headstock Headstock NNP 39033 1593 548 lathe lathe NN 39033 1593 549 , , , 39033 1593 550 96 96 CD 39033 1593 551 Hexagonal hexagonal JJ 39033 1593 552 nut nut NN 39033 1593 553 , , , 39033 1593 554 16 16 CD 39033 1593 555 Hollow Hollow NNP 39033 1593 556 key key NN 39033 1593 557 , , , 39033 1593 558 22 22 CD 39033 1593 559 Hook Hook NNP 39033 1593 560 bolt bolt NN 39033 1593 561 , , , 39033 1593 562 18 18 CD 39033 1593 563 Hornbeam Hornbeam NNP 39033 1593 564 , , , 39033 1593 565 81 81 CD 39033 1593 566 India India NNP 39033 1593 567 - - HYPH 39033 1593 568 rubber rubber NN 39033 1593 569 disc disc NN 39033 1593 570 valves valve NNS 39033 1593 571 , , , 39033 1593 572 58 58 CD 39033 1593 573 , , , 39033 1593 574 68 68 CD 39033 1593 575 Inking ink VBG 39033 1593 576 drawings drawing NNS 39033 1593 577 , , , 39033 1593 578 2 2 CD 39033 1593 579 Inside inside JJ 39033 1593 580 lap lap NN 39033 1593 581 of of IN 39033 1593 582 valve valve NN 39033 1593 583 , , , 39033 1593 584 72 72 CD 39033 1593 585 Joggles joggle NNS 39033 1593 586 , , , 39033 1593 587 33 33 CD 39033 1593 588 Joint Joint NNP 39033 1593 589 , , , 39033 1593 590 knuckle knuckle NN 39033 1593 591 , , , 39033 1593 592 84 84 CD 39033 1593 593 Journals Journals NNPS 39033 1593 594 , , , 39033 1593 595 24 24 CD 39033 1593 596 -- -- : 39033 1593 597 length length NN 39033 1593 598 of of IN 39033 1593 599 , , , 39033 1593 600 32 32 CD 39033 1593 601 Junk junk NN 39033 1593 602 ring ring NN 39033 1593 603 , , , 39033 1593 604 61 61 CD 39033 1593 605 Keys Keys NNPS 39033 1593 606 , , , 39033 1593 607 22 22 CD 39033 1593 608 -- -- : 39033 1593 609 proportions proportion NNS 39033 1593 610 of of IN 39033 1593 611 , , , 39033 1593 612 23 23 CD 39033 1593 613 Kinghorn Kinghorn NNP 39033 1593 614 's 's POS 39033 1593 615 metallic metallic JJ 39033 1593 616 valve valve NN 39033 1593 617 , , , 39033 1593 618 70 70 CD 39033 1593 619 Knuckle Knuckle NNP 39033 1593 620 joint joint NN 39033 1593 621 , , , 39033 1593 622 84 84 CD 39033 1593 623 -- -- : 39033 1593 624 screw screw NN 39033 1593 625 thread thread NN 39033 1593 626 , , , 39033 1593 627 15 15 CD 39033 1593 628 Lancaster Lancaster NNP 39033 1593 629 's 's POS 39033 1593 630 piston piston NN 39033 1593 631 packing packing NN 39033 1593 632 , , , 39033 1593 633 61 61 CD 39033 1593 634 Lap Lap NNP 39033 1593 635 joints joint NNS 39033 1593 636 , , , 39033 1593 637 8 8 CD 39033 1593 638 , , , 39033 1593 639 9 9 CD 39033 1593 640 , , , 39033 1593 641 10 10 CD 39033 1593 642 , , , 39033 1593 643 12 12 CD 39033 1593 644 -- -- : 39033 1593 645 of of IN 39033 1593 646 slide slide NN 39033 1593 647 valve valve NN 39033 1593 648 , , , 39033 1593 649 72 72 CD 39033 1593 650 Lathe Lathe NNP 39033 1593 651 headstock headstock NN 39033 1593 652 , , , 39033 1593 653 96 96 CD 39033 1593 654 Lead lead NN 39033 1593 655 of of IN 39033 1593 656 valve valve NN 39033 1593 657 , , , 39033 1593 658 74 74 CD 39033 1593 659 Lever Lever NNP 39033 1593 660 , , , 39033 1593 661 bell bell NNP 39033 1593 662 crank crank NNP 39033 1593 663 , , , 39033 1593 664 86 86 CD 39033 1593 665 -- -- : 39033 1593 666 ratchet ratchet NN 39033 1593 667 , , , 39033 1593 668 96 96 CD 39033 1593 669 Lignum Lignum NNP 39033 1593 670 - - HYPH 39033 1593 671 vitæ vitæ NN 39033 1593 672 , , , 39033 1593 673 81 81 CD 39033 1593 674 Locking locking NN 39033 1593 675 arrangements arrangement NNS 39033 1593 676 for for IN 39033 1593 677 nuts nut NNS 39033 1593 678 , , , 39033 1593 679 21 21 CD 39033 1593 680 , , , 39033 1593 681 62 62 CD 39033 1593 682 Lock Lock NNP 39033 1593 683 nuts nut NNS 39033 1593 684 , , , 39033 1593 685 19 19 CD 39033 1593 686 Locomotive locomotive JJ 39033 1593 687 connecting connect VBG 39033 1593 688 rod rod NN 39033 1593 689 , , , 39033 1593 690 51 51 CD 39033 1593 691 -- -- : 39033 1593 692 cranked cranked NNP 39033 1593 693 axle axle NN 39033 1593 694 , , , 39033 1593 695 45 45 CD 39033 1593 696 -- -- : 39033 1593 697 cross cross NN 39033 1593 698 - - NN 39033 1593 699 head head NN 39033 1593 700 , , , 39033 1593 701 56 56 CD 39033 1593 702 Locomotive locomotive JJ 39033 1593 703 eccentric eccentric NN 39033 1593 704 , , , 39033 1593 705 47 47 CD 39033 1593 706 -- -- : 39033 1593 707 piston piston NN 39033 1593 708 , , , 39033 1593 709 60 60 CD 39033 1593 710 Lubricator Lubricator NNP 39033 1593 711 , , , 39033 1593 712 needle needle NN 39033 1593 713 , , , 39033 1593 714 32 32 CD 39033 1593 715 Malleable malleable JJ 39033 1593 716 cast cast NN 39033 1593 717 iron iron NN 39033 1593 718 , , , 39033 1593 719 78 78 CD 39033 1593 720 -- -- : 39033 1593 721 iron iron NN 39033 1593 722 , , , 39033 1593 723 78 78 CD 39033 1593 724 Marine Marine NNP 39033 1593 725 connecting connect VBG 39033 1593 726 rod rod NN 39033 1593 727 , , , 39033 1593 728 51 51 CD 39033 1593 729 -- -- : 39033 1593 730 coupling couple VBG 39033 1593 731 , , , 39033 1593 732 28 28 CD 39033 1593 733 -- -- : 39033 1593 734 crank crank NN 39033 1593 735 - - HYPH 39033 1593 736 shaft shaft NN 39033 1593 737 , , , 39033 1593 738 46 46 CD 39033 1593 739 -- -- : 39033 1593 740 piston piston NN 39033 1593 741 , , , 39033 1593 742 61 61 CD 39033 1593 743 Merchant merchant NN 39033 1593 744 bars bar NNS 39033 1593 745 , , , 39033 1593 746 78 78 CD 39033 1593 747 Mortise Mortise NNP 39033 1593 748 wheels wheel NNS 39033 1593 749 , , , 39033 1593 750 41 41 CD 39033 1593 751 Mottled mottle VBN 39033 1593 752 cast cast NN 39033 1593 753 iron iron NN 39033 1593 754 , , , 39033 1593 755 77 77 CD 39033 1593 756 Muff Muff NNP 39033 1593 757 couplings coupling NNS 39033 1593 758 , , , 39033 1593 759 25 25 CD 39033 1593 760 Muntz Muntz NNP 39033 1593 761 metal metal NN 39033 1593 762 , , , 39033 1593 763 80 80 CD 39033 1593 764 Needle Needle NNP 39033 1593 765 lubricator lubricator NN 39033 1593 766 , , , 39033 1593 767 32 32 CD 39033 1593 768 Nuts nut NNS 39033 1593 769 , , , 39033 1593 770 forms form NNS 39033 1593 771 of of IN 39033 1593 772 , , , 39033 1593 773 16 16 CD 39033 1593 774 -- -- : 39033 1593 775 lock lock NN 39033 1593 776 , , , 39033 1593 777 19 19 CD 39033 1593 778 -- -- : 39033 1593 779 proportions proportion NNS 39033 1593 780 of of IN 39033 1593 781 , , , 39033 1593 782 18 18 CD 39033 1593 783 Oil oil NN 39033 1593 784 - - HYPH 39033 1593 785 box box NN 39033 1593 786 , , , 39033 1593 787 54 54 CD 39033 1593 788 , , , 39033 1593 789 65 65 CD 39033 1593 790 Outside outside JJ 39033 1593 791 lap lap NN 39033 1593 792 of of IN 39033 1593 793 slide slide NN 39033 1593 794 valve valve NN 39033 1593 795 , , , 39033 1593 796 72 72 CD 39033 1593 797 Overhung Overhung NNP 39033 1593 798 crank crank NNP 39033 1593 799 , , , 39033 1593 800 43 43 CD 39033 1593 801 -- -- : 39033 1593 802 cranks crank NNS 39033 1593 803 , , , 39033 1593 804 proportions proportion NNS 39033 1593 805 of of IN 39033 1593 806 , , , 39033 1593 807 45 45 CD 39033 1593 808 Packing packing NN 39033 1593 809 , , , 39033 1593 810 63 63 CD 39033 1593 811 Pan Pan NNP 39033 1593 812 head head NN 39033 1593 813 , , , 39033 1593 814 7 7 CD 39033 1593 815 Pedestal Pedestal NNP 39033 1593 816 , , , 39033 1593 817 shaft shaft NN 39033 1593 818 , , , 39033 1593 819 30 30 CD 39033 1593 820 Pencils pencil NNS 39033 1593 821 , , , 39033 1593 822 drawing draw VBG 39033 1593 823 , , , 39033 1593 824 1 1 CD 39033 1593 825 Phosphor Phosphor NNP 39033 1593 826 bronze bronze NN 39033 1593 827 , , , 39033 1593 828 80 80 CD 39033 1593 829 Pillar pillar NN 39033 1593 830 bracket bracket NN 39033 1593 831 , , , 39033 1593 832 34 34 CD 39033 1593 833 Pillow Pillow NNP 39033 1593 834 block block NN 39033 1593 835 , , , 39033 1593 836 30 30 CD 39033 1593 837 , , , 39033 1593 838 32 32 CD 39033 1593 839 Pin pin JJ 39033 1593 840 , , , 39033 1593 841 cross cross NN 39033 1593 842 - - NN 39033 1593 843 head head NN 39033 1593 844 , , , 39033 1593 845 51 51 CD 39033 1593 846 , , , 39033 1593 847 54 54 CD 39033 1593 848 -- -- : 39033 1593 849 split split NN 39033 1593 850 , , , 39033 1593 851 21 21 CD 39033 1593 852 Piston Piston NNP 39033 1593 853 rod rod NN 39033 1593 854 , , , 39033 1593 855 57 57 CD 39033 1593 856 Pistons piston NNS 39033 1593 857 , , , 39033 1593 858 57 57 CD 39033 1593 859 Pitch Pitch NNP 39033 1593 860 circle circle NN 39033 1593 861 , , , 39033 1593 862 40 40 CD 39033 1593 863 -- -- : 39033 1593 864 of of IN 39033 1593 865 wheel wheel NN 39033 1593 866 teeth tooth NNS 39033 1593 867 , , , 39033 1593 868 40 40 CD 39033 1593 869 -- -- : 39033 1593 870 surfaces surface NNS 39033 1593 871 of of IN 39033 1593 872 wheels wheel NNS 39033 1593 873 , , , 39033 1593 874 39 39 CD 39033 1593 875 , , , 39033 1593 876 43 43 CD 39033 1593 877 Pivots pivot NNS 39033 1593 878 , , , 39033 1593 879 24 24 CD 39033 1593 880 Plummer Plummer NNP 39033 1593 881 block block NN 39033 1593 882 , , , 39033 1593 883 30 30 CD 39033 1593 884 Plunger Plunger NNP 39033 1593 885 , , , 39033 1593 886 57 57 CD 39033 1593 887 Printing printing NN 39033 1593 888 , , , 39033 1593 889 4 4 CD 39033 1593 890 Proportions proportion NNS 39033 1593 891 of of IN 39033 1593 892 bolt bolt NN 39033 1593 893 - - HYPH 39033 1593 894 heads head NNS 39033 1593 895 , , , 39033 1593 896 18 18 CD 39033 1593 897 -- -- : 39033 1593 898 keys key NNS 39033 1593 899 , , , 39033 1593 900 23 23 CD 39033 1593 901 Proportions proportion NNS 39033 1593 902 of of IN 39033 1593 903 lap lap NN 39033 1593 904 joints joint NNS 39033 1593 905 , , , 39033 1593 906 9 9 CD 39033 1593 907 , , , 39033 1593 908 10 10 CD 39033 1593 909 -- -- : 39033 1593 910 marine marine JJ 39033 1593 911 engine engine NN 39033 1593 912 pistons piston NNS 39033 1593 913 , , , 39033 1593 914 62 62 CD 39033 1593 915 -- -- : 39033 1593 916 nuts nut NNS 39033 1593 917 , , , 39033 1593 918 18 18 CD 39033 1593 919 -- -- : 39033 1593 920 overhung overhung NNP 39033 1593 921 cranks crank NNS 39033 1593 922 , , , 39033 1593 923 45 45 CD 39033 1593 924 -- -- : 39033 1593 925 pillow pillow NN 39033 1593 926 blocks block NNS 39033 1593 927 , , , 39033 1593 928 32 32 CD 39033 1593 929 -- -- : 39033 1593 930 rivet rivet NNS 39033 1593 931 heads head NNS 39033 1593 932 , , , 39033 1593 933 7 7 CD 39033 1593 934 -- -- : 39033 1593 935 wheel wheel NN 39033 1593 936 teeth tooth NNS 39033 1593 937 , , , 39033 1593 938 40 40 CD 39033 1593 939 Puddled puddled JJ 39033 1593 940 bars bar NNS 39033 1593 941 , , , 39033 1593 942 78 78 CD 39033 1593 943 Puddling puddling NN 39033 1593 944 process process NN 39033 1593 945 , , , 39033 1593 946 78 78 CD 39033 1593 947 Pulley Pulley NNP 39033 1593 948 , , , 39033 1593 949 eccentric eccentric JJ 39033 1593 950 , , , 39033 1593 951 47 47 CD 39033 1593 952 Pulleys pulley NNS 39033 1593 953 , , , 39033 1593 954 36 36 CD 39033 1593 955 Pump pump NN 39033 1593 956 bucket bucket NN 39033 1593 957 , , , 39033 1593 958 58 58 CD 39033 1593 959 Ramsbottom Ramsbottom NNP 39033 1593 960 's 's POS 39033 1593 961 packing packing NN 39033 1593 962 , , , 39033 1593 963 60 60 CD 39033 1593 964 Ratchet Ratchet NNP 39033 1593 965 lever lever NN 39033 1593 966 , , , 39033 1593 967 96 96 CD 39033 1593 968 Riveted rivet VBN 39033 1593 969 joints joint NNS 39033 1593 970 , , , 39033 1593 971 8 8 CD 39033 1593 972 Rivet Rivet NNS 39033 1593 973 heads head NNS 39033 1593 974 , , , 39033 1593 975 forms form NNS 39033 1593 976 of of IN 39033 1593 977 , , , 39033 1593 978 7 7 CD 39033 1593 979 , , , 39033 1593 980 8 8 CD 39033 1593 981 -- -- : 39033 1593 982 -- -- : 39033 1593 983 proportions proportion NNS 39033 1593 984 of of IN 39033 1593 985 , , , 39033 1593 986 7 7 CD 39033 1593 987 Riveting Riveting NNP 39033 1593 988 , , , 39033 1593 989 7 7 CD 39033 1593 990 Rivets Rivets NNPS 39033 1593 991 , , , 39033 1593 992 6 6 CD 39033 1593 993 Rope Rope NNP 39033 1593 994 pulley pulley NN 39033 1593 995 , , , 39033 1593 996 39 39 CD 39033 1593 997 Round round JJ 39033 1593 998 key key NN 39033 1593 999 , , , 39033 1593 1000 23 23 CD 39033 1593 1001 Saddle Saddle NNP 39033 1593 1002 key key NN 39033 1593 1003 , , , 39033 1593 1004 22 22 CD 39033 1593 1005 Scales scale NNS 39033 1593 1006 , , , 39033 1593 1007 5 5 CD 39033 1593 1008 Screw Screw NNP 39033 1593 1009 coupling coupling NN 39033 1593 1010 , , , 39033 1593 1011 96 96 CD 39033 1593 1012 Screwed Screwed NNP 39033 1593 1013 gland gland NN 39033 1593 1014 and and CC 39033 1593 1015 stuffing stuffing NN 39033 1593 1016 - - HYPH 39033 1593 1017 box box NN 39033 1593 1018 , , , 39033 1593 1019 65 65 CD 39033 1593 1020 Screw Screw NNP 39033 1593 1021 threads thread NNS 39033 1593 1022 , , , 39033 1593 1023 14 14 CD 39033 1593 1024 , , , 39033 1593 1025 15 15 CD 39033 1593 1026 Screws screw NNS 39033 1593 1027 , , , 39033 1593 1028 representation representation NN 39033 1593 1029 of of IN 39033 1593 1030 , , , 39033 1593 1031 16 16 CD 39033 1593 1032 Sellers Sellers NNPS 39033 1593 1033 = = SYM 39033 1593 1034 V= V= NNP 39033 1593 1035 screw screw NN 39033 1593 1036 thread thread NN 39033 1593 1037 , , , 39033 1593 1038 14 14 CD 39033 1593 1039 Set set NN 39033 1593 1040 screw screw NN 39033 1593 1041 , , , 39033 1593 1042 21 21 CD 39033 1593 1043 , , , 39033 1593 1044 49 49 CD 39033 1593 1045 -- -- : 39033 1593 1046 squares square NNS 39033 1593 1047 , , , 39033 1593 1048 1 1 CD 39033 1593 1049 Shaft shaft NN 39033 1593 1050 couplings coupling NNS 39033 1593 1051 , , , 39033 1593 1052 25 25 CD 39033 1593 1053 -- -- : 39033 1593 1054 hanger hanger NN 39033 1593 1055 , , , 39033 1593 1056 34 34 CD 39033 1593 1057 Shafting shaft VBG 39033 1593 1058 , , , 39033 1593 1059 24 24 CD 39033 1593 1060 Shear Shear NNP 39033 1593 1061 steel steel NN 39033 1593 1062 , , , 39033 1593 1063 79 79 CD 39033 1593 1064 Sheave Sheave NNP 39033 1593 1065 , , , 39033 1593 1066 eccentric eccentric JJ 39033 1593 1067 , , , 39033 1593 1068 47 47 CD 39033 1593 1069 Shingling shingling NN 39033 1593 1070 , , , 39033 1593 1071 78 78 CD 39033 1593 1072 Shrinking shrink VBG 39033 1593 1073 , , , 39033 1593 1074 process process NN 39033 1593 1075 of of IN 39033 1593 1076 , , , 39033 1593 1077 44 44 CD 39033 1593 1078 Siemens Siemens NNP 39033 1593 1079 - - HYPH 39033 1593 1080 Martin Martin NNP 39033 1593 1081 steel steel NN 39033 1593 1082 , , , 39033 1593 1083 79 79 CD 39033 1593 1084 Slide slide NN 39033 1593 1085 blocks block NNS 39033 1593 1086 , , , 39033 1593 1087 56 56 CD 39033 1593 1088 -- -- : 39033 1593 1089 valves valve NNS 39033 1593 1090 , , , 39033 1593 1091 68 68 CD 39033 1593 1092 , , , 39033 1593 1093 71 71 CD 39033 1593 1094 Sliding slide VBG 39033 1593 1095 key key NN 39033 1593 1096 , , , 39033 1593 1097 23 23 CD 39033 1593 1098 Snap Snap NNP 39033 1593 1099 head head NN 39033 1593 1100 , , , 39033 1593 1101 7 7 CD 39033 1593 1102 Snug Snug NNP 39033 1593 1103 , , , 39033 1593 1104 17 17 CD 39033 1593 1105 Spiegeleisen Spiegeleisen NNP 39033 1593 1106 , , , 39033 1593 1107 80 80 CD 39033 1593 1108 Spring spring NN 39033 1593 1109 bows bow NNS 39033 1593 1110 , , , 39033 1593 1111 1 1 CD 39033 1593 1112 Spur spur NN 39033 1593 1113 wheel wheel NN 39033 1593 1114 , , , 39033 1593 1115 41 41 CD 39033 1593 1116 Square square JJ 39033 1593 1117 nut nut NN 39033 1593 1118 , , , 39033 1593 1119 16 16 CD 39033 1593 1120 -- -- : 39033 1593 1121 screw screw NN 39033 1593 1122 thread thread NN 39033 1593 1123 , , , 39033 1593 1124 14 14 CD 39033 1593 1125 Stay stay VB 39033 1593 1126 , , , 39033 1593 1127 back back RB 39033 1593 1128 , , , 39033 1593 1129 for for IN 39033 1593 1130 lathe lathe NN 39033 1593 1131 , , , 39033 1593 1132 86 86 CD 39033 1593 1133 -- -- : 39033 1593 1134 bar bar NN 39033 1593 1135 , , , 39033 1593 1136 83 83 CD 39033 1593 1137 -- -- : 39033 1593 1138 girder girder NN 39033 1593 1139 , , , 39033 1593 1140 81 81 CD 39033 1593 1141 -- -- : 39033 1593 1142 gusset gusset NN 39033 1593 1143 , , , 39033 1593 1144 12 12 CD 39033 1593 1145 Steam steam NN 39033 1593 1146 ports port NNS 39033 1593 1147 , , , 39033 1593 1148 71 71 CD 39033 1593 1149 -- -- : 39033 1593 1150 whistle whistle NN 39033 1593 1151 , , , 39033 1593 1152 96 96 CD 39033 1593 1153 Steel steel NN 39033 1593 1154 , , , 39033 1593 1155 79 79 CD 39033 1593 1156 Steps step NNS 39033 1593 1157 , , , 39033 1593 1158 30 30 CD 39033 1593 1159 Strap Strap NNP 39033 1593 1160 , , , 39033 1593 1161 49 49 CD 39033 1593 1162 -- -- : 39033 1593 1163 eccentric eccentric JJ 39033 1593 1164 , , , 39033 1593 1165 47 47 CD 39033 1593 1166 -- -- : 39033 1593 1167 end end NN 39033 1593 1168 of of IN 39033 1593 1169 connecting connect VBG 39033 1593 1170 rod rod NN 39033 1593 1171 , , , 39033 1593 1172 49 49 CD 39033 1593 1173 Stud Stud NNP 39033 1593 1174 bolts bolt NNS 39033 1593 1175 , , , 39033 1593 1176 18 18 CD 39033 1593 1177 Studs stud NNS 39033 1593 1178 , , , 39033 1593 1179 18 18 CD 39033 1593 1180 Stuffing stuffing NN 39033 1593 1181 - - HYPH 39033 1593 1182 boxes box NNS 39033 1593 1183 , , , 39033 1593 1184 63 63 CD 39033 1593 1185 Sunk Sunk NNP 39033 1593 1186 key key NN 39033 1593 1187 , , , 39033 1593 1188 22 22 CD 39033 1593 1189 Taper taper NN 39033 1593 1190 bolt bolt NN 39033 1593 1191 , , , 39033 1593 1192 18 18 CD 39033 1593 1193 , , , 39033 1593 1194 27 27 CD 39033 1593 1195 -- -- : 39033 1593 1196 pin pin NN 39033 1593 1197 , , , 39033 1593 1198 23 23 CD 39033 1593 1199 Tee tee NN 39033 1593 1200 - - HYPH 39033 1593 1201 headed head VBN 39033 1593 1202 bolt bolt NN 39033 1593 1203 , , , 39033 1593 1204 18 18 CD 39033 1593 1205 Tee tee NN 39033 1593 1206 - - HYPH 39033 1593 1207 iron iron NN 39033 1593 1208 cover cover NN 39033 1593 1209 strap strap NN 39033 1593 1210 , , , 39033 1593 1211 81 81 CD 39033 1593 1212 Tee tee NN 39033 1593 1213 square square NN 39033 1593 1214 , , , 39033 1593 1215 1 1 CD 39033 1593 1216 Teeth tooth NNS 39033 1593 1217 of of IN 39033 1593 1218 wheels wheel NNS 39033 1593 1219 , , , 39033 1593 1220 form form NN 39033 1593 1221 and and CC 39033 1593 1222 proportions proportion NNS 39033 1593 1223 of of IN 39033 1593 1224 , , , 39033 1593 1225 40 40 CD 39033 1593 1226 Teeth tooth NNS 39033 1593 1227 , , , 39033 1593 1228 pitch pitch NN 39033 1593 1229 of of IN 39033 1593 1230 , , , 39033 1593 1231 40 40 CD 39033 1593 1232 Tempering tempering NN 39033 1593 1233 of of IN 39033 1593 1234 steel steel NN 39033 1593 1235 , , , 39033 1593 1236 80 80 CD 39033 1593 1237 Throw throw NN 39033 1593 1238 of of IN 39033 1593 1239 crank crank NNP 39033 1593 1240 , , , 39033 1593 1241 44 44 CD 39033 1593 1242 -- -- : 39033 1593 1243 eccentric eccentric JJ 39033 1593 1244 , , , 39033 1593 1245 47 47 CD 39033 1593 1246 Toothed toothed JJ 39033 1593 1247 wheels wheel NNS 39033 1593 1248 , , , 39033 1593 1249 39 39 CD 39033 1593 1250 Valve Valve NNP 39033 1593 1251 Kinghorn Kinghorn NNP 39033 1593 1252 's 's POS 39033 1593 1253 metallic metallic NN 39033 1593 1254 , , , 39033 1593 1255 70 70 CD 39033 1593 1256 -- -- : 39033 1593 1257 slide slide NN 39033 1593 1258 , , , 39033 1593 1259 68 68 CD 39033 1593 1260 , , , 39033 1593 1261 71 71 CD 39033 1593 1262 Valves valve NNS 39033 1593 1263 , , , 39033 1593 1264 68 68 CD 39033 1593 1265 -- -- : 39033 1593 1266 conical conical JJ 39033 1593 1267 disc disc NN 39033 1593 1268 , , , 39033 1593 1269 70 70 CD 39033 1593 1270 -- -- : 39033 1593 1271 india india NNP 39033 1593 1272 - - HYPH 39033 1593 1273 rubber rubber NNP 39033 1593 1274 , , , 39033 1593 1275 58 58 CD 39033 1593 1276 , , , 39033 1593 1277 68 68 CD 39033 1593 1278 Velocity velocity NN 39033 1593 1279 ratio ratio NN 39033 1593 1280 in in IN 39033 1593 1281 belt belt NN 39033 1593 1282 gearing gearing NN 39033 1593 1283 , , , 39033 1593 1284 36 36 CD 39033 1593 1285 Wall Wall NNP 39033 1593 1286 boxes box NNS 39033 1593 1287 , , , 39033 1593 1288 34 34 CD 39033 1593 1289 Washers washer NNS 39033 1593 1290 , , , 39033 1593 1291 19 19 CD 39033 1593 1292 Welding weld VBG 39033 1593 1293 , , , 39033 1593 1294 79 79 CD 39033 1593 1295 Whistle whistle NN 39033 1593 1296 , , , 39033 1593 1297 steam steam NN 39033 1593 1298 , , , 39033 1593 1299 96 96 CD 39033 1593 1300 White white JJ 39033 1593 1301 cast cast NN 39033 1593 1302 iron iron NN 39033 1593 1303 , , , 39033 1593 1304 77 77 CD 39033 1593 1305 Whitworth whitworth JJ 39033 1593 1306 screws screw NNS 39033 1593 1307 , , , 39033 1593 1308 dimensions dimension NNS 39033 1593 1309 of of IN 39033 1593 1310 , , , 39033 1593 1311 15 15 CD 39033 1593 1312 -- -- : 39033 1593 1313 = = SYM 39033 1593 1314 V= V= NNP 39033 1593 1315 screw screw NN 39033 1593 1316 thread thread NN 39033 1593 1317 , , , 39033 1593 1318 14 14 CD 39033 1593 1319 Wood wood NN 39033 1593 1320 , , , 39033 1593 1321 81 81 CD 39033 1593 1322 Working work VBG 39033 1593 1323 drawings drawing NNS 39033 1593 1324 , , , 39033 1593 1325 4 4 CD 39033 1593 1326 Wrought Wrought NNP 39033 1593 1327 iron iron NN 39033 1593 1328 , , , 39033 1593 1329 78 78 CD 39033 1593 1330 Yellow yellow JJ 39033 1593 1331 pine pine NN 39033 1593 1332 , , , 39033 1593 1333 81 81 CD 39033 1593 1334 PRINTED PRINTED NNP 39033 1593 1335 BY by IN 39033 1593 1336 SPOTTISWOODE SPOTTISWOODE NNP 39033 1593 1337 AND and CC 39033 1593 1338 CO CO NNP 39033 1593 1339 . . NNP 39033 1593 1340 , , , 39033 1593 1341 NEW NEW NNP 39033 1593 1342 - - HYPH 39033 1593 1343 STREET STREET NNP 39033 1593 1344 SQUARE SQUARE NNP 39033 1593 1345 LONDON LONDON NNP 39033 1593 1346 * * NFP 39033 1593 1347 * * NFP 39033 1593 1348 * * NFP 39033 1593 1349 * * NFP 39033 1593 1350 * * NFP 39033 1593 1351 TEXT text NN 39033 1593 1352 - - HYPH 39033 1593 1353 BOOKS books NN 39033 1593 1354 OF of IN 39033 1593 1355 SCIENCE SCIENCE NNP 39033 1593 1356 PHOTOGRAPHY PHOTOGRAPHY NNPS 39033 1593 1357 . . . 39033 1594 1 By by IN 39033 1594 2 Captain Captain NNP 39033 1594 3 W. W. NNP 39033 1594 4 DE DE NNP 39033 1594 5 WIVELESLIE WIVELESLIE NNP 39033 1594 6 ABNEY ABNEY NNP 39033 1594 7 , , , 39033 1594 8 C.B. C.B. NNP 39033 1595 1 F.R.S. F.R.S. NNP 39033 1596 1 late late JJ 39033 1596 2 Instructor Instructor NNP 39033 1596 3 in in IN 39033 1596 4 Chemistry Chemistry NNP 39033 1596 5 and and CC 39033 1596 6 Photography Photography NNP 39033 1596 7 at at IN 39033 1596 8 the the DT 39033 1596 9 School School NNP 39033 1596 10 of of IN 39033 1596 11 Military Military NNP 39033 1596 12 Engineering Engineering NNP 39033 1596 13 , , , 39033 1596 14 Chatham Chatham NNP 39033 1596 15 . . . 39033 1597 1 With with IN 39033 1597 2 105 105 CD 39033 1597 3 Woodcuts woodcut NNS 39033 1597 4 . . . 39033 1598 1 Price price NN 39033 1598 2 3_s 3_s CD 39033 1598 3 . . . 39033 1598 4 _ _ NNP 39033 1598 5 6_d 6_d CD 39033 1598 6 . . . 39033 1598 7 _ _ NNP 39033 1598 8 The the DT 39033 1598 9 STRENGTH STRENGTH NNP 39033 1598 10 of of IN 39033 1598 11 MATERIALS MATERIALS NNP 39033 1598 12 and and CC 39033 1598 13 STRUCTURES STRUCTURES NNP 39033 1598 14 ; ; : 39033 1598 15 the the DT 39033 1598 16 Strength Strength NNP 39033 1598 17 of of IN 39033 1598 18 Materials Materials NNPS 39033 1598 19 as as IN 39033 1598 20 depending depend VBG 39033 1598 21 on on IN 39033 1598 22 their -PRON- PRP$ 39033 1598 23 quality quality NN 39033 1598 24 and and CC 39033 1598 25 as as IN 39033 1598 26 ascertained ascertain VBN 39033 1598 27 by by IN 39033 1598 28 Testing Testing NNP 39033 1598 29 Apparatus Apparatus NNP 39033 1598 30 ; ; : 39033 1598 31 the the DT 39033 1598 32 Strength Strength NNP 39033 1598 33 of of IN 39033 1598 34 Structures Structures NNPS 39033 1598 35 as as IN 39033 1598 36 depending depend VBG 39033 1598 37 on on IN 39033 1598 38 their -PRON- PRP$ 39033 1598 39 form form NN 39033 1598 40 and and CC 39033 1598 41 arrangement arrangement NN 39033 1598 42 , , , 39033 1598 43 and and CC 39033 1598 44 on on IN 39033 1598 45 the the DT 39033 1598 46 materials material NNS 39033 1598 47 of of IN 39033 1598 48 which which WDT 39033 1598 49 they -PRON- PRP 39033 1598 50 are be VBP 39033 1598 51 composed compose VBN 39033 1598 52 . . . 39033 1599 1 By by IN 39033 1599 2 Sir Sir NNP 39033 1599 3 J. J. NNP 39033 1599 4 ANDERSON ANDERSON NNP 39033 1599 5 , , , 39033 1599 6 C.E. C.E. NNP 39033 1600 1 & & CC 39033 1600 2 c. c. NNP 39033 1600 3 With with IN 39033 1600 4 66 66 CD 39033 1600 5 Woodcuts woodcut NNS 39033 1600 6 . . . 39033 1601 1 Price price NN 39033 1601 2 3_s 3_s CD 39033 1601 3 . . . 39033 1601 4 _ _ NNP 39033 1601 5 6_d 6_d CD 39033 1601 6 . . . 39033 1601 7 _ _ NNP 39033 1601 8 INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION NNP 39033 1601 9 to to IN 39033 1601 10 the the DT 39033 1601 11 STUDY STUDY NNP 39033 1601 12 of of IN 39033 1601 13 ORGANIC ORGANIC NNP 39033 1601 14 CHEMISTRY CHEMISTRY NNP 39033 1601 15 ; ; : 39033 1601 16 the the DT 39033 1601 17 CHEMISTRY CHEMISTRY NNP 39033 1601 18 of of IN 39033 1601 19 CARBON carbon NN 39033 1601 20 and and CC 39033 1601 21 its -PRON- PRP$ 39033 1601 22 COMPOUNDS compound NNS 39033 1601 23 . . . 39033 1602 1 By by IN 39033 1602 2 HENRY HENRY NNP 39033 1602 3 E. E. NNP 39033 1602 4 ARMSTRONG ARMSTRONG NNP 39033 1602 5 Ph.D. ph.d. NN 39033 1602 6 F.R.S. F.R.S. NNP 39033 1603 1 With with IN 39033 1603 2 8 8 CD 39033 1603 3 Woodcuts woodcut NNS 39033 1603 4 . . . 39033 1604 1 Price price NN 39033 1604 2 3_s 3_s CD 39033 1604 3 . . . 39033 1604 4 _ _ NNP 39033 1604 5 6_d 6_d CD 39033 1604 6 . . . 39033 1604 7 _ _ NNP 39033 1604 8 ELEMENTS ELEMENTS NNP 39033 1604 9 of of IN 39033 1604 10 ASTRONOMY ASTRONOMY NNP 39033 1604 11 . . . 39033 1605 1 By by IN 39033 1605 2 Sir Sir NNP 39033 1605 3 R. R. NNP 39033 1605 4 S. S. NNP 39033 1605 5 BALL BALL NNP 39033 1605 6 , , , 39033 1605 7 LL.D. LL.D. NNP 39033 1606 1 F.R.S. F.R.S. NNP 39033 1607 1 Andrews Andrews NNP 39033 1607 2 Professor Professor NNP 39033 1607 3 of of IN 39033 1607 4 Astronomy Astronomy NNP 39033 1607 5 in in IN 39033 1607 6 the the DT 39033 1607 7 Univ Univ NNP 39033 1607 8 . . . 39033 1608 1 of of IN 39033 1608 2 Dublin Dublin NNP 39033 1608 3 , , , 39033 1608 4 Royal Royal NNP 39033 1608 5 Astronomer Astronomer NNP 39033 1608 6 of of IN 39033 1608 7 Ireland Ireland NNP 39033 1608 8 . . . 39033 1609 1 With with IN 39033 1609 2 136 136 CD 39033 1609 3 Woodcuts woodcut NNS 39033 1609 4 . . . 39033 1610 1 Price price NN 39033 1610 2 6_s 6_s CD 39033 1610 3 . . . 39033 1610 4 _ _ NNP 39033 1610 5 RAILWAY RAILWAY NNP 39033 1610 6 APPLIANCES APPLIANCES NNP 39033 1610 7 . . . 39033 1611 1 A a DT 39033 1611 2 Description description NN 39033 1611 3 of of IN 39033 1611 4 Details Details NNP 39033 1611 5 of of IN 39033 1611 6 Railway Railway NNP 39033 1611 7 Construction Construction NNP 39033 1611 8 subsequent subsequent JJ 39033 1611 9 to to IN 39033 1611 10 the the DT 39033 1611 11 completion completion NN 39033 1611 12 of of IN 39033 1611 13 Earthworks Earthworks NNP 39033 1611 14 and and CC 39033 1611 15 Structures Structures NNP 39033 1611 16 , , , 39033 1611 17 including include VBG 39033 1611 18 a a DT 39033 1611 19 short short JJ 39033 1611 20 Notice Notice NNP 39033 1611 21 of of IN 39033 1611 22 Railway Railway NNP 39033 1611 23 Rolling Rolling NNP 39033 1611 24 Stock Stock NNP 39033 1611 25 . . . 39033 1612 1 By by IN 39033 1612 2 JOHN JOHN NNP 39033 1612 3 WOLFE WOLFE NNP 39033 1612 4 BARRY BARRY NNP 39033 1612 5 , , , 39033 1612 6 M.I.C.E. M.I.C.E. NNP 39033 1613 1 With with IN 39033 1613 2 207 207 CD 39033 1613 3 Woodcuts woodcut NNS 39033 1613 4 . . . 39033 1614 1 Price price NN 39033 1614 2 3_s 3_s CD 39033 1614 3 . . . 39033 1614 4 _ _ NNP 39033 1614 5 6_d 6_d CD 39033 1614 6 . . . 39033 1614 7 _ _ NNP 39033 1614 8 SYSTEMATIC SYSTEMATIC NNP 39033 1614 9 MINERALOGY MINERALOGY NNP 39033 1614 10 . . . 39033 1615 1 By by IN 39033 1615 2 HILARY HILARY NNP 39033 1615 3 BAUERMAN BAUERMAN NNP 39033 1615 4 , , , 39033 1615 5 F.G.S. F.G.S. NNP 39033 1616 1 Associate associate NN 39033 1616 2 of of IN 39033 1616 3 the the DT 39033 1616 4 Royal Royal NNP 39033 1616 5 School School NNP 39033 1616 6 of of IN 39033 1616 7 Mines Mines NNP 39033 1616 8 . . . 39033 1617 1 With with IN 39033 1617 2 373 373 CD 39033 1617 3 Woodcuts woodcut NNS 39033 1617 4 . . . 39033 1618 1 Price price NN 39033 1618 2 6_s 6_s CD 39033 1618 3 . . . 39033 1618 4 _ _ NNP 39033 1618 5 DESCRIPTIVE DESCRIPTIVE NNP 39033 1618 6 MINERALOGY MINERALOGY NNP 39033 1618 7 . . . 39033 1619 1 By by IN 39033 1619 2 HILARY HILARY NNP 39033 1619 3 BAUERMAN BAUERMAN NNP 39033 1619 4 , , , 39033 1619 5 F.G.S. F.G.S. NNP 39033 1620 1 & & CC 39033 1620 2 c. c. NNP 39033 1620 3 With with IN 39033 1620 4 236 236 CD 39033 1620 5 Woodcuts woodcut NNS 39033 1620 6 . . . 39033 1621 1 Price price NN 39033 1621 2 6_s 6_s CD 39033 1621 3 . . . 39033 1621 4 _ _ NNP 39033 1621 5 METALS metal NNS 39033 1621 6 , , , 39033 1621 7 their -PRON- PRP$ 39033 1621 8 PROPERTIES property NNS 39033 1621 9 and and CC 39033 1621 10 TREATMENT treatment NN 39033 1621 11 . . . 39033 1622 1 By by IN 39033 1622 2 C. C. NNP 39033 1622 3 L. L. NNP 39033 1622 4 BLOXAM BLOXAM NNP 39033 1622 5 and and CC 39033 1622 6 A. A. NNP 39033 1622 7 K. K. NNP 39033 1622 8 HUNTINGTON HUNTINGTON NNP 39033 1622 9 , , , 39033 1622 10 Professors Professors NNPS 39033 1622 11 in in IN 39033 1622 12 King King NNP 39033 1622 13 's 's POS 39033 1622 14 College College NNP 39033 1622 15 , , , 39033 1622 16 London London NNP 39033 1622 17 . . . 39033 1623 1 With with IN 39033 1623 2 130 130 CD 39033 1623 3 Woodcuts woodcut NNS 39033 1623 4 . . . 39033 1624 1 Price price NN 39033 1624 2 5_s 5_s CD 39033 1624 3 . . . 39033 1624 4 _ _ NNP 39033 1624 5 PRACTICAL PRACTICAL NNP 39033 1624 6 PHYSICS PHYSICS NNP 39033 1624 7 . . . 39033 1625 1 By by IN 39033 1625 2 R. R. NNP 39033 1625 3 T. T. NNP 39033 1625 4 GLAZEBROOK GLAZEBROOK NNP 39033 1625 5 , , , 39033 1625 6 M.A. M.A. NNP 39033 1626 1 F.R.S. F.R.S. NNP 39033 1627 1 and and CC 39033 1627 2 W. W. NNP 39033 1627 3 N. N. NNP 39033 1627 4 SHAW SHAW NNP 39033 1627 5 , , , 39033 1627 6 M.A. M.A. NNP 39033 1628 1 With with IN 39033 1628 2 80 80 CD 39033 1628 3 Woodcuts woodcut NNS 39033 1628 4 . . . 39033 1629 1 Price price NN 39033 1629 2 6_s 6_s CD 39033 1629 3 . . . 39033 1629 4 _ _ NNP 39033 1629 5 PHYSICAL PHYSICAL NNP 39033 1629 6 OPTICS OPTICS NNP 39033 1629 7 . . . 39033 1630 1 By by IN 39033 1630 2 R. R. NNP 39033 1630 3 T. T. NNP 39033 1630 4 GLAZEBROOK GLAZEBROOK NNP 39033 1630 5 , , , 39033 1630 6 M.A. M.A. NNP 39033 1631 1 F.R.S. F.R.S. NNP 39033 1632 1 Fellow Fellow NNP 39033 1632 2 and and CC 39033 1632 3 Lecturer Lecturer NNP 39033 1632 4 of of IN 39033 1632 5 Trin Trin NNP 39033 1632 6 . . . 39033 1633 1 Coll coll NN 39033 1633 2 . . . 39033 1634 1 Demonstrator Demonstrator NNP 39033 1634 2 of of IN 39033 1634 3 Physics Physics NNP 39033 1634 4 at at IN 39033 1634 5 the the DT 39033 1634 6 Cavendish Cavendish NNP 39033 1634 7 Laboratory Laboratory NNP 39033 1634 8 , , , 39033 1634 9 Cambridge Cambridge NNP 39033 1634 10 . . . 39033 1635 1 With with IN 39033 1635 2 183 183 CD 39033 1635 3 Woodcuts woodcut NNS 39033 1635 4 . . . 39033 1636 1 Price price NN 39033 1636 2 6_s 6_s CD 39033 1636 3 . . . 39033 1636 4 _ _ NNP 39033 1636 5 The the DT 39033 1636 6 ART ART NNP 39033 1636 7 of of IN 39033 1636 8 ELECTRO ELECTRO NNP 39033 1636 9 - - HYPH 39033 1636 10 METALLURGY METALLURGY NNP 39033 1636 11 , , , 39033 1636 12 including include VBG 39033 1636 13 all all DT 39033 1636 14 known know VBN 39033 1636 15 Processes process NNS 39033 1636 16 of of IN 39033 1636 17 Electro Electro NNP 39033 1636 18 - - HYPH 39033 1636 19 Deposition Deposition NNP 39033 1636 20 . . . 39033 1637 1 By by IN 39033 1637 2 G. G. NNP 39033 1637 3 GORE GORE NNP 39033 1637 4 , , , 39033 1637 5 LL.D. LL.D. NNP 39033 1638 1 F.R.S. F.R.S. NNP 39033 1639 1 With with IN 39033 1639 2 56 56 CD 39033 1639 3 Woodcuts woodcut NNS 39033 1639 4 . . . 39033 1640 1 Price price NN 39033 1640 2 6_s 6_s CD 39033 1640 3 . . . 39033 1640 4 _ _ NNP 39033 1640 5 ALGEBRA ALGEBRA NNP 39033 1640 6 and and CC 39033 1640 7 TRIGONOMETRY TRIGONOMETRY NNP 39033 1640 8 . . . 39033 1641 1 By by IN 39033 1641 2 WILLIAM WILLIAM NNP 39033 1641 3 NATHANIEL NATHANIEL NNP 39033 1641 4 GRIFFIN GRIFFIN NNP 39033 1641 5 , , , 39033 1641 6 B.D. B.D. NNP 39033 1642 1 Price price NN 39033 1642 2 3_s 3_s CD 39033 1642 3 . . . 39033 1642 4 _ _ NNP 39033 1642 5 6_d 6_d CD 39033 1642 6 . . . 39033 1642 7 _ _ NNP 39033 1642 8 NOTES NOTES NNP 39033 1642 9 ON ON NNP 39033 1642 10 , , , 39033 1642 11 with with IN 39033 1642 12 SOLUTIONS SOLUTIONS NNP 39033 1642 13 of of IN 39033 1642 14 the the DT 39033 1642 15 more more RBR 39033 1642 16 difficult difficult JJ 39033 1642 17 QUESTIONS questions NN 39033 1642 18 . . . 39033 1643 1 Price price NN 39033 1643 2 3_s 3_s CD 39033 1643 3 . . . 39033 1643 4 _ _ NNP 39033 1643 5 6_d 6_d CD 39033 1643 6 . . . 39033 1643 7 _ _ NNP 39033 1643 8 The the DT 39033 1643 9 STEAM STEAM NNP 39033 1643 10 ENGINE engine NN 39033 1643 11 . . . 39033 1644 1 By by IN 39033 1644 2 GEORGE GEORGE NNP 39033 1644 3 C. C. NNP 39033 1644 4 V. V. NNP 39033 1644 5 HOLMES HOLMES NNP 39033 1644 6 , , , 39033 1644 7 Whitworth Whitworth NNP 39033 1644 8 Scholar Scholar NNP 39033 1644 9 ; ; : 39033 1644 10 Secretary Secretary NNP 39033 1644 11 of of IN 39033 1644 12 the the DT 39033 1644 13 Institution Institution NNP 39033 1644 14 of of IN 39033 1644 15 Naval Naval NNP 39033 1644 16 Architects Architects NNPS 39033 1644 17 , , , 39033 1644 18 With with IN 39033 1644 19 212 212 CD 39033 1644 20 Woodcuts woodcut NNS 39033 1644 21 . . . 39033 1645 1 Price price NN 39033 1645 2 6_s 6_s CD 39033 1645 3 . . . 39033 1645 4 _ _ NNP 39033 1645 5 ELECTRICITY ELECTRICITY NNP 39033 1645 6 and and CC 39033 1645 7 MAGNETISM MAGNETISM NNP 39033 1645 8 . . . 39033 1646 1 By by IN 39033 1646 2 FLEEMING FLEEMING NNP 39033 1646 3 JENKIN JENKIN NNP 39033 1646 4 , , , 39033 1646 5 F.R.SS f.r.s VBD 39033 1646 6 . . . 39033 1647 1 L. L. NNP 39033 1647 2 & & CC 39033 1647 3 E. E. NNP 39033 1647 4 late late JJ 39033 1647 5 Professor Professor NNP 39033 1647 6 of of IN 39033 1647 7 Engineering Engineering NNP 39033 1647 8 in in IN 39033 1647 9 the the DT 39033 1647 10 University University NNP 39033 1647 11 of of IN 39033 1647 12 Edinburgh Edinburgh NNP 39033 1647 13 . . . 39033 1648 1 With with IN 39033 1648 2 177 177 CD 39033 1648 3 Woodcuts woodcut NNS 39033 1648 4 . . . 39033 1649 1 Price price NN 39033 1649 2 3_s 3_s CD 39033 1649 3 . . . 39033 1649 4 _ _ NNP 39033 1649 5 6_d 6_d CD 39033 1649 6 . . . 39033 1649 7 _ _ NNP 39033 1649 8 THEORY THEORY NNP 39033 1649 9 of of IN 39033 1649 10 HEAT HEAT NNP 39033 1649 11 . . . 39033 1650 1 By by IN 39033 1650 2 J. J. NNP 39033 1651 1 CLERK CLERK NNP 39033 1651 2 MAXWELL MAXWELL NNP 39033 1651 3 , , , 39033 1651 4 M.A. M.A. NNP 39033 1652 1 LL.D. LL.D. NNP 39033 1653 1 Edin Edin NNP 39033 1653 2 . . . 39033 1654 1 F.R.SS f.r.s VBD 39033 1654 2 . . . 39033 1655 1 L. L. NNP 39033 1655 2 & & CC 39033 1655 3 E. E. NNP 39033 1655 4 With with IN 39033 1655 5 41 41 CD 39033 1655 6 Woodcuts woodcut NNS 39033 1655 7 . . . 39033 1656 1 Price price NN 39033 1656 2 3_s 3_s CD 39033 1656 3 . . . 39033 1656 4 _ _ NNP 39033 1656 5 6_d 6_d CD 39033 1656 6 . . . 39033 1656 7 _ _ NNP 39033 1656 8 TECHNICAL TECHNICAL NNP 39033 1656 9 ARITHMETIC ARITHMETIC NNP 39033 1656 10 and and CC 39033 1656 11 MENSURATION MENSURATION NNP 39033 1656 12 . . . 39033 1657 1 By by IN 39033 1657 2 CHARLES CHARLES NNP 39033 1657 3 W. W. NNP 39033 1657 4 MERRIFIELD MERRIFIELD NNP 39033 1657 5 , , , 39033 1657 6 F.R.S. F.R.S. NNP 39033 1658 1 Price price NN 39033 1658 2 3_s 3_s CD 39033 1658 3 . . . 39033 1658 4 _ _ NNP 39033 1658 5 6_d 6_d CD 39033 1658 6 . . . 39033 1658 7 _ _ NNP 39033 1658 8 KEY KEY NNP 39033 1658 9 , , , 39033 1658 10 by by IN 39033 1658 11 the the DT 39033 1658 12 Rev. Rev. NNP 39033 1659 1 JOHN JOHN NNP 39033 1659 2 HUNTER HUNTER NNP 39033 1659 3 , , , 39033 1659 4 M.A. M.A. NNP 39033 1660 1 Price price NN 39033 1660 2 3_s 3_s CD 39033 1660 3 . . . 39033 1660 4 _ _ NNP 39033 1660 5 6_d 6_d CD 39033 1660 6 . . . 39033 1660 7 _ _ NNP 39033 1660 8 INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION NNP 39033 1660 9 to to IN 39033 1660 10 the the DT 39033 1660 11 STUDY STUDY NNP 39033 1660 12 of of IN 39033 1660 13 INORGANIC INORGANIC NNP 39033 1660 14 CHEMISTRY CHEMISTRY NNP 39033 1660 15 . . . 39033 1661 1 By by IN 39033 1661 2 WILLIAM WILLIAM NNP 39033 1661 3 ALLEN ALLEN NNP 39033 1661 4 MILLER MILLER NNP 39033 1661 5 , , , 39033 1661 6 M.D. M.D. NNP 39033 1662 1 LL.D. LL.D. NNP 39033 1663 1 F.R.S. F.R.S. NNP 39033 1664 1 With with IN 39033 1664 2 72 72 CD 39033 1664 3 Woodcuts woodcut NNS 39033 1664 4 . . . 39033 1665 1 Price price NN 39033 1665 2 3_s 3_s CD 39033 1665 3 . . . 39033 1665 4 _ _ NNP 39033 1665 5 6_d 6_d CD 39033 1665 6 . . . 39033 1665 7 _ _ NNP 39033 1665 8 TELEGRAPHY TELEGRAPHY NNP 39033 1665 9 . . . 39033 1666 1 By by IN 39033 1666 2 W. W. NNP 39033 1666 3 H. H. NNP 39033 1666 4 PREECE PREECE NNP 39033 1666 5 , , , 39033 1666 6 F.R.S. F.R.S. NNP 39033 1667 1 M.I.C.E M.I.C.E NNP 39033 1667 2 , , , 39033 1667 3 and and CC 39033 1667 4 J. J. NNP 39033 1667 5 SIVEWRIGHT SIVEWRIGHT NNP 39033 1667 6 , , , 39033 1667 7 M.A. M.A. NNP 39033 1668 1 C.M.G. C.M.G. NNP 39033 1669 1 With with IN 39033 1669 2 160 160 CD 39033 1669 3 Woodcuts woodcut NNS 39033 1669 4 . . . 39033 1670 1 Price price NN 39033 1670 2 5_s 5_s CD 39033 1670 3 . . . 39033 1670 4 _ _ NNP 39033 1670 5 The the DT 39033 1670 6 STUDY STUDY NNP 39033 1670 7 of of IN 39033 1670 8 ROCKS ROCKS NNP 39033 1670 9 , , , 39033 1670 10 an an DT 39033 1670 11 ELEMENTARY ELEMENTARY NNP 39033 1670 12 Text Text NNP 39033 1670 13 - - HYPH 39033 1670 14 Book Book NNP 39033 1670 15 of of IN 39033 1670 16 PETROLOGY PETROLOGY NNP 39033 1670 17 . . . 39033 1671 1 By by IN 39033 1671 2 FRANK FRANK NNP 39033 1671 3 RUTLEY RUTLEY NNP 39033 1671 4 , , , 39033 1671 5 F.G.S. F.G.S. NNP 39033 1672 1 of of IN 39033 1672 2 Her -PRON- PRP$ 39033 1672 3 Majesty Majesty NNP 39033 1672 4 's 's POS 39033 1672 5 Geological Geological NNP 39033 1672 6 Survey Survey NNP 39033 1672 7 . . . 39033 1673 1 With with IN 39033 1673 2 6 6 CD 39033 1673 3 Plates Plates NNPS 39033 1673 4 and and CC 39033 1673 5 88 88 CD 39033 1673 6 Woodcuts woodcut NNS 39033 1673 7 . . . 39033 1674 1 Price price NN 39033 1674 2 4_s 4_s CD 39033 1674 3 . . . 39033 1674 4 _ _ NNP 39033 1674 5 6_d 6_d CD 39033 1674 6 . . . 39033 1674 7 _ _ NNP 39033 1674 8 WORKSHOP WORKSHOP NNP 39033 1674 9 APPLIANCES APPLIANCES NNP 39033 1674 10 , , , 39033 1674 11 including include VBG 39033 1674 12 Descriptions description NNS 39033 1674 13 of of IN 39033 1674 14 some some DT 39033 1674 15 of of IN 39033 1674 16 the the DT 39033 1674 17 Gauging Gauging NNP 39033 1674 18 and and CC 39033 1674 19 Measuring Measuring NNP 39033 1674 20 Instruments Instruments NNPS 39033 1674 21 -- -- : 39033 1674 22 Hand hand NN 39033 1674 23 - - HYPH 39033 1674 24 Cutting Cutting NNP 39033 1674 25 Tools Tools NNPS 39033 1674 26 , , , 39033 1674 27 Lathes Lathes NNPS 39033 1674 28 , , , 39033 1674 29 Drilling Drilling NNP 39033 1674 30 , , , 39033 1674 31 Planing Planing NNP 39033 1674 32 , , , 39033 1674 33 and and CC 39033 1674 34 other other JJ 39033 1674 35 Machine Machine NNP 39033 1674 36 Tools Tools NNP 39033 1674 37 used use VBN 39033 1674 38 by by IN 39033 1674 39 Engineers engineer NNS 39033 1674 40 . . . 39033 1675 1 By by IN 39033 1675 2 C. C. NNP 39033 1675 3 P. P. NNP 39033 1675 4 B. B. NNP 39033 1675 5 SHELLEY SHELLEY NNP 39033 1675 6 , , , 39033 1675 7 M.I.C.E. M.I.C.E. NNP 39033 1676 1 With with IN 39033 1676 2 291 291 CD 39033 1676 3 Woodcuts woodcut NNS 39033 1676 4 . . . 39033 1677 1 Price price NN 39033 1677 2 4_s 4_s CD 39033 1677 3 . . . 39033 1677 4 _ _ NNP 39033 1677 5 6_d 6_d CD 39033 1677 6 . . . 39033 1677 7 _ _ NNP 39033 1677 8 STRUCTURAL STRUCTURAL NNP 39033 1677 9 and and CC 39033 1677 10 PHYSIOLOGICAL PHYSIOLOGICAL NNP 39033 1677 11 BOTANY BOTANY NNP 39033 1677 12 . . . 39033 1678 1 By by IN 39033 1678 2 Dr. Dr. NNP 39033 1678 3 OTTO OTTO NNP 39033 1678 4 WILHELM WILHELM NNP 39033 1678 5 THOMÉ THOMÉ NNP 39033 1678 6 , , , 39033 1678 7 Rector Rector NNP 39033 1678 8 of of IN 39033 1678 9 the the DT 39033 1678 10 High High NNP 39033 1678 11 School School NNP 39033 1678 12 , , , 39033 1678 13 Cologne Cologne NNP 39033 1678 14 , , , 39033 1678 15 and and CC 39033 1678 16 A. A. NNP 39033 1678 17 W. W. NNP 39033 1678 18 BENNETT BENNETT NNP 39033 1678 19 , , , 39033 1678 20 M.A. M.A. NNP 39033 1679 1 B.Sc B.Sc NNP 39033 1679 2 . . . 39033 1680 1 F.L.S. f.l.s. NN 39033 1681 1 With with IN 39033 1681 2 600 600 CD 39033 1681 3 Woodcuts woodcut NNS 39033 1681 4 and and CC 39033 1681 5 a a DT 39033 1681 6 Coloured Coloured NNP 39033 1681 7 Map Map NNP 39033 1681 8 . . . 39033 1682 1 Price price NN 39033 1682 2 6_s 6_s CD 39033 1682 3 . . . 39033 1682 4 _ _ NNP 39033 1682 5 QUANTITATIVE QUANTITATIVE NNP 39033 1682 6 CHEMICAL CHEMICAL NNP 39033 1682 7 ANALYSIS ANALYSIS NNP 39033 1682 8 . . . 39033 1683 1 By by IN 39033 1683 2 T. T. NNP 39033 1683 3 E. E. NNP 39033 1683 4 THORPE THORPE NNP 39033 1683 5 , , , 39033 1683 6 F.R.S. F.R.S. NNP 39033 1684 1 Ph.D. Ph.D. NNP 39033 1685 1 Professor Professor NNP 39033 1685 2 of of IN 39033 1685 3 Chemistry Chemistry NNP 39033 1685 4 in in IN 39033 1685 5 the the DT 39033 1685 6 Andersonian Andersonian NNP 39033 1685 7 University University NNP 39033 1685 8 , , , 39033 1685 9 Glasgow Glasgow NNP 39033 1685 10 . . . 39033 1686 1 With with IN 39033 1686 2 88 88 CD 39033 1686 3 Woodcuts woodcut NNS 39033 1686 4 . . . 39033 1687 1 Price price NN 39033 1687 2 4_s 4_s CD 39033 1687 3 . . . 39033 1687 4 _ _ NNP 39033 1687 5 6_d 6_d CD 39033 1687 6 . . . 39033 1687 7 _ _ NNP 39033 1687 8 QUALITATIVE QUALITATIVE NNP 39033 1687 9 ANALYSIS ANALYSIS NNP 39033 1687 10 and and CC 39033 1687 11 LABORATORY LABORATORY NNP 39033 1687 12 PRACTICE PRACTICE NNP 39033 1687 13 . . . 39033 1688 1 By by IN 39033 1688 2 T. T. NNP 39033 1688 3 E. E. NNP 39033 1688 4 THORPE THORPE NNP 39033 1688 5 , , , 39033 1688 6 Ph.D. ph.d. NN 39033 1688 7 F.R.S. F.R.S. NNP 39033 1689 1 Professor Professor NNP 39033 1689 2 of of IN 39033 1689 3 Chemistry Chemistry NNP 39033 1689 4 in in IN 39033 1689 5 the the DT 39033 1689 6 Andersonian Andersonian NNP 39033 1689 7 University University NNP 39033 1689 8 , , , 39033 1689 9 Glasgow Glasgow NNP 39033 1689 10 , , , 39033 1689 11 and and CC 39033 1689 12 M. M. NNP 39033 1689 13 M. M. NNP 39033 1689 14 PATTISON PATTISON NNP 39033 1689 15 MUIR MUIR NNP 39033 1689 16 , , , 39033 1689 17 M.A. M.A. NNP 39033 1690 1 and and CC 39033 1690 2 F.R.S.E. F.R.S.E. NNP 39033 1691 1 With with IN 39033 1691 2 Plate Plate NNP 39033 1691 3 of of IN 39033 1691 4 Spectra Spectra NNP 39033 1691 5 and and CC 39033 1691 6 57 57 CD 39033 1691 7 Woodcuts woodcut NNS 39033 1691 8 . . . 39033 1692 1 Price price NN 39033 1692 2 3_s 3_s CD 39033 1692 3 . . . 39033 1692 4 _ _ NNP 39033 1692 5 6_d 6_d CD 39033 1692 6 . . . 39033 1692 7 _ _ NNP 39033 1692 8 INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION NNP 39033 1692 9 to to IN 39033 1692 10 the the DT 39033 1692 11 STUDY STUDY NNP 39033 1692 12 of of IN 39033 1692 13 CHEMICAL CHEMICAL NNP 39033 1692 14 PHILOSOPHY PHILOSOPHY NNS 39033 1692 15 ; ; : 39033 1692 16 the the DT 39033 1692 17 PRINCIPLES principles NN 39033 1692 18 of of IN 39033 1692 19 THEORETICAL THEORETICAL NNP 39033 1692 20 and and CC 39033 1692 21 SYSTEMATICAL SYSTEMATICAL NNP 39033 1692 22 CHEMISTRY CHEMISTRY NNP 39033 1692 23 . . . 39033 1693 1 By by IN 39033 1693 2 WILLIAM WILLIAM NNP 39033 1693 3 A. A. NNP 39033 1693 4 TILDEN TILDEN NNP 39033 1693 5 , , , 39033 1693 6 D.Sc D.Sc NNP 39033 1693 7 . . . 39033 1694 1 London London NNP 39033 1694 2 , , , 39033 1694 3 F.R.S. F.R.S. NNP 39033 1695 1 With with IN 39033 1695 2 5 5 CD 39033 1695 3 Woodcuts woodcut NNS 39033 1695 4 . . . 39033 1696 1 With with IN 39033 1696 2 or or CC 39033 1696 3 without without IN 39033 1696 4 Answers answer NNS 39033 1696 5 to to IN 39033 1696 6 Problems problem NNS 39033 1696 7 , , , 39033 1696 8 4_s 4_s CD 39033 1696 9 . . . 39033 1696 10 _ _ NNP 39033 1696 11 6_d 6_d CD 39033 1696 12 . . . 39033 1696 13 _ _ NNP 39033 1696 14 ELEMENTS ELEMENTS NNP 39033 1696 15 of of IN 39033 1696 16 MACHINE MACHINE NNP 39033 1696 17 DESIGN DESIGN NNP 39033 1696 18 ; ; : 39033 1696 19 an an DT 39033 1696 20 Introduction introduction NN 39033 1696 21 to to IN 39033 1696 22 the the DT 39033 1696 23 Principles principle NNS 39033 1696 24 which which WDT 39033 1696 25 determine determine VBP 39033 1696 26 the the DT 39033 1696 27 Arrangement Arrangement NNP 39033 1696 28 and and CC 39033 1696 29 Proportion Proportion NNP 39033 1696 30 of of IN 39033 1696 31 the the DT 39033 1696 32 Parts Parts NNPS 39033 1696 33 of of IN 39033 1696 34 Machines Machines NNPS 39033 1696 35 , , , 39033 1696 36 and and CC 39033 1696 37 a a DT 39033 1696 38 Collection Collection NNP 39033 1696 39 of of IN 39033 1696 40 Rules Rules NNPS 39033 1696 41 for for IN 39033 1696 42 Machine Machine NNP 39033 1696 43 Design Design NNP 39033 1696 44 . . . 39033 1697 1 By by IN 39033 1697 2 W. W. NNP 39033 1697 3 CAWTHORNE cawthorne NN 39033 1697 4 UNWIN UNWIN NNP 39033 1697 5 , , , 39033 1697 6 B.Sc B.Sc NNP 39033 1697 7 . . . 39033 1698 1 M.I.C.E. M.I.C.E. NNP 39033 1699 1 With with IN 39033 1699 2 325 325 CD 39033 1699 3 Woodcuts woodcut NNS 39033 1699 4 . . . 39033 1700 1 Price price NN 39033 1700 2 6s 6s NN 39033 1700 3 . . . 39033 1701 1 PLANE plane NN 39033 1701 2 and and CC 39033 1701 3 SOLID SOLID NNP 39033 1701 4 GEOMETRY GEOMETRY NNP 39033 1701 5 . . . 39033 1702 1 By by IN 39033 1702 2 H. H. NNP 39033 1702 3 W. W. NNP 39033 1702 4 WATSON WATSON NNP 39033 1702 5 , , , 39033 1702 6 M.A. M.A. NNP 39033 1703 1 formerly formerly RB 39033 1703 2 Fellow Fellow NNP 39033 1703 3 of of IN 39033 1703 4 Trinity Trinity NNP 39033 1703 5 College College NNP 39033 1703 6 , , , 39033 1703 7 Cambridge Cambridge NNP 39033 1703 8 . . . 39033 1704 1 Price price NN 39033 1704 2 3_s 3_s CD 39033 1704 3 . . . 39033 1704 4 _ _ NNP 39033 1704 5 6_d 6_d CD 39033 1704 6 . . . 39033 1704 7 _ _ NNP 39033 1704 8 London London NNP 39033 1704 9 : : : 39033 1704 10 LONGMANS LONGMANS NNP 39033 1704 11 , , , 39033 1704 12 GREEN GREEN NNP 39033 1704 13 , , , 39033 1704 14 & & CC 39033 1704 15 CO CO NNP 39033 1704 16 . . . 39033 1704 17 SCIENTIFIC SCIENTIFIC NNP 39033 1704 18 CLASS CLASS NNP 39033 1704 19 - - HYPH 39033 1704 20 BOOKS BOOKS NNP 39033 1704 21 . . . 39033 1705 1 GANOT GANOT NNP 39033 1705 2 'S 's POS 39033 1705 3 NATURAL natural JJ 39033 1705 4 PHILOSOPHY PHILOSOPHY NNS 39033 1705 5 for for IN 39033 1705 6 GENERAL GENERAL NNP 39033 1705 7 READERS reader NNS 39033 1705 8 and and CC 39033 1705 9 YOUNG young JJ 39033 1705 10 PERSONS person NNS 39033 1705 11 : : : 39033 1705 12 a a DT 39033 1705 13 Course course NN 39033 1705 14 of of IN 39033 1705 15 Physics Physics NNP 39033 1705 16 divested divest VBN 39033 1705 17 of of IN 39033 1705 18 Mathematical Mathematical NNP 39033 1705 19 Formulæ Formulæ NNP 39033 1705 20 , , , 39033 1705 21 expressed express VBD 39033 1705 22 in in IN 39033 1705 23 the the DT 39033 1705 24 language language NN 39033 1705 25 of of IN 39033 1705 26 daily daily JJ 39033 1705 27 life life NN 39033 1705 28 . . . 39033 1706 1 Translated translate VBN 39033 1706 2 and and CC 39033 1706 3 edited edit VBN 39033 1706 4 , , , 39033 1706 5 from from IN 39033 1706 6 Ganot Ganot NNP 39033 1706 7 's 's POS 39033 1706 8 _ _ NNP 39033 1706 9 Cours Cours NNP 39033 1706 10 Élémentaire Élémentaire NNP 39033 1706 11 de de NNP 39033 1706 12 Physique Physique NNP 39033 1706 13 _ _ NNP 39033 1706 14 , , , 39033 1706 15 by by IN 39033 1706 16 E. E. NNP 39033 1706 17 ATKINSON ATKINSON NNP 39033 1706 18 , , , 39033 1706 19 Ph.D. ph.d. NN 39033 1706 20 F.C.S. F.C.S. NNP 39033 1707 1 Sixth Sixth NNP 39033 1707 2 Edition Edition NNP 39033 1707 3 , , , 39033 1707 4 with with IN 39033 1707 5 34 34 CD 39033 1707 6 pages page NNS 39033 1707 7 of of IN 39033 1707 8 new new JJ 39033 1707 9 matter matter NN 39033 1707 10 , , , 39033 1707 11 2 2 CD 39033 1707 12 Plates Plates NNPS 39033 1707 13 , , , 39033 1707 14 518 518 CD 39033 1707 15 Woodcuts woodcut NNS 39033 1707 16 , , , 39033 1707 17 and and CC 39033 1707 18 an an DT 39033 1707 19 Appendix Appendix NNP 39033 1707 20 of of IN 39033 1707 21 Questions Questions NNPS 39033 1707 22 . . . 39033 1708 1 Crown Crown NNP 39033 1708 2 8vo 8vo NNP 39033 1708 3 . . . 39033 1709 1 7_s 7_s LS 39033 1709 2 . . . 39033 1709 3 _ _ NNP 39033 1709 4 6_d 6_d CD 39033 1709 5 . . . 39033 1709 6 _ _ NNP 39033 1709 7 GANOT GANOT NNP 39033 1709 8 'S 'S NNP 39033 1709 9 ELEMENTARY ELEMENTARY NNP 39033 1709 10 TREATISE TREATISE NNP 39033 1709 11 on on IN 39033 1709 12 PHYSICS PHYSICS NNP 39033 1709 13 , , , 39033 1709 14 Experimental Experimental NNP 39033 1709 15 and and CC 39033 1709 16 Applied Applied NNP 39033 1709 17 , , , 39033 1709 18 for for IN 39033 1709 19 the the DT 39033 1709 20 use use NN 39033 1709 21 of of IN 39033 1709 22 Colleges Colleges NNP 39033 1709 23 and and CC 39033 1709 24 Schools Schools NNPS 39033 1709 25 . . . 39033 1710 1 Translated translate VBN 39033 1710 2 and and CC 39033 1710 3 edited edit VBN 39033 1710 4 , , , 39033 1710 5 from from IN 39033 1710 6 Ganot Ganot NNP 39033 1710 7 's 's POS 39033 1710 8 _ _ NNP 39033 1710 9 Éléments Éléments NNP 39033 1710 10 de de NNP 39033 1710 11 Physique Physique NNP 39033 1710 12 _ _ NNP 39033 1710 13 , , , 39033 1710 14 by by IN 39033 1710 15 E. E. NNP 39033 1710 16 ATKINSON ATKINSON NNP 39033 1710 17 , , , 39033 1710 18 Ph.D. ph.d. NN 39033 1710 19 F.C.S. F.C.S. NNP 39033 1711 1 Twelfth Twelfth NNP 39033 1711 2 Edition Edition NNP 39033 1711 3 , , , 39033 1711 4 revised revise VBN 39033 1711 5 and and CC 39033 1711 6 enlarged enlarge VBD 39033 1711 7 ; ; : 39033 1711 8 with with IN 39033 1711 9 5 5 CD 39033 1711 10 Coloured Coloured NNP 39033 1711 11 Plates Plates NNPS 39033 1711 12 and and CC 39033 1711 13 923 923 CD 39033 1711 14 Woodcuts woodcut NNS 39033 1711 15 . . . 39033 1712 1 Cr Cr NNP 39033 1712 2 . . . 39033 1713 1 8vo 8vo NNP 39033 1713 2 . . . 39033 1714 1 15_s 15_s LS 39033 1714 2 . . . 39033 1714 3 _ _ NNP 39033 1714 4 LESSONS LESSONS NNP 39033 1714 5 in in IN 39033 1714 6 ELEMENTARY ELEMENTARY NNP 39033 1714 7 MECHANICS MECHANICS NNP 39033 1714 8 . . . 39033 1715 1 Designed design VBN 39033 1715 2 for for IN 39033 1715 3 the the DT 39033 1715 4 use use NN 39033 1715 5 of of IN 39033 1715 6 Schools Schools NNP 39033 1715 7 , , , 39033 1715 8 and and CC 39033 1715 9 of of IN 39033 1715 10 Candidates candidate NNS 39033 1715 11 for for IN 39033 1715 12 the the DT 39033 1715 13 London London NNP 39033 1715 14 Matriculation Matriculation NNP 39033 1715 15 , , , 39033 1715 16 and and CC 39033 1715 17 other other JJ 39033 1715 18 Examinations examination NNS 39033 1715 19 ; ; : 39033 1715 20 with with IN 39033 1715 21 52 52 CD 39033 1715 22 Examples Examples NNPS 39033 1715 23 , , , 39033 1715 24 nearly nearly RB 39033 1715 25 500 500 CD 39033 1715 26 Exercises Exercises NNPS 39033 1715 27 and and CC 39033 1715 28 Examination examination NN 39033 1715 29 Questions Questions NNPS 39033 1715 30 with with IN 39033 1715 31 Answers Answers NNPS 39033 1715 32 , , , 39033 1715 33 and and CC 39033 1715 34 124 124 CD 39033 1715 35 Woodcuts woodcut NNS 39033 1715 36 . . . 39033 1716 1 By by IN 39033 1716 2 Sir Sir NNP 39033 1716 3 PHILIP PHILIP NNP 39033 1716 4 MAGNUS MAGNUS NNP 39033 1716 5 , , , 39033 1716 6 B.Sc B.Sc NNP 39033 1716 7 . . . 39033 1717 1 B.A. B.A. NNP 39033 1718 1 Thirteenth Thirteenth NNP 39033 1718 2 Edition Edition NNP 39033 1718 3 . . . 39033 1719 1 Fcp Fcp NNP 39033 1719 2 . . . 39033 1720 1 8vo 8vo NNP 39033 1720 2 . . . 39033 1721 1 3_s 3_s LS 39033 1721 2 . . . 39033 1721 3 _ _ NNP 39033 1721 4 6_d 6_d CD 39033 1721 5 . . . 39033 1721 6 _ _ IN 39033 1721 7 PRINCIPLES principle NNS 39033 1721 8 of of IN 39033 1721 9 MECHANICS MECHANICS NNP 39033 1721 10 . . . 39033 1722 1 By by IN 39033 1722 2 T. T. NNP 39033 1722 3 M. M. NNP 39033 1722 4 GOODEVE GOODEVE NNP 39033 1722 5 , , , 39033 1722 6 M.A. M.A. NNP 39033 1723 1 Professor Professor NNP 39033 1723 2 of of IN 39033 1723 3 Mechanics Mechanics NNPS 39033 1723 4 at at IN 39033 1723 5 the the DT 39033 1723 6 Royal Royal NNP 39033 1723 7 School School NNP 39033 1723 8 of of IN 39033 1723 9 Mines Mines NNP 39033 1723 10 . . . 39033 1724 1 New New NNP 39033 1724 2 Edition Edition NNP 39033 1724 3 . . . 39033 1725 1 With with IN 39033 1725 2 253 253 CD 39033 1725 3 Woodcuts woodcut NNS 39033 1725 4 . . . 39033 1726 1 Crown Crown NNP 39033 1726 2 8vo 8vo NNP 39033 1726 3 . . . 39033 1727 1 6_s 6_s CD 39033 1727 2 . . . 39033 1727 3 _ _ NNP 39033 1727 4 The the DT 39033 1727 5 ELEMENTS ELEMENTS NNP 39033 1727 6 of of IN 39033 1727 7 MECHANISM MECHANISM NNP 39033 1727 8 . . . 39033 1728 1 By by IN 39033 1728 2 T. T. NNP 39033 1728 3 M. M. NNP 39033 1728 4 GOODEVE GOODEVE NNP 39033 1728 5 , , , 39033 1728 6 M.A. M.A. NNP 39033 1729 1 Professor Professor NNP 39033 1729 2 of of IN 39033 1729 3 Mechanics Mechanics NNPS 39033 1729 4 at at IN 39033 1729 5 the the DT 39033 1729 6 Royal Royal NNP 39033 1729 7 School School NNP 39033 1729 8 of of IN 39033 1729 9 Mines Mines NNP 39033 1729 10 . . . 39033 1730 1 New New NNP 39033 1730 2 Edition Edition NNP 39033 1730 3 . . . 39033 1731 1 With with IN 39033 1731 2 342 342 CD 39033 1731 3 Woodcuts woodcut NNS 39033 1731 4 . . . 39033 1732 1 Crown Crown NNP 39033 1732 2 8vo 8vo NNP 39033 1732 3 . . . 39033 1733 1 6_s 6_s CD 39033 1733 2 . . . 39033 1733 3 _ _ NNP 39033 1733 4 PRACTICAL PRACTICAL NNP 39033 1733 5 MECHANICS MECHANICS NNP 39033 1733 6 : : : 39033 1733 7 an an DT 39033 1733 8 Elementary Elementary NNP 39033 1733 9 Introduction Introduction NNP 39033 1733 10 to to IN 39033 1733 11 their -PRON- PRP$ 39033 1733 12 Study study NN 39033 1733 13 . . . 39033 1734 1 With with IN 39033 1734 2 855 855 CD 39033 1734 3 Exercises exercise NNS 39033 1734 4 with with IN 39033 1734 5 Answers answer NNS 39033 1734 6 and and CC 39033 1734 7 184 184 CD 39033 1734 8 Diagrams diagram NNS 39033 1734 9 . . . 39033 1735 1 By by IN 39033 1735 2 the the DT 39033 1735 3 Rev. Rev. NNP 39033 1736 1 J. J. NNP 39033 1736 2 F. F. NNP 39033 1736 3 TWISDEN TWISDEN NNP 39033 1736 4 . . . 39033 1737 1 Crown Crown NNP 39033 1737 2 8vo 8vo NNP 39033 1737 3 . . . 39033 1738 1 10_s 10_s LS 39033 1738 2 . . . 39033 1738 3 _ _ NNP 39033 1738 4 6_d 6_d CD 39033 1738 5 . . . 39033 1738 6 _ _ NNP 39033 1738 7 THEORETICAL THEORETICAL NNP 39033 1738 8 MECHANICS MECHANICS NNP 39033 1738 9 . . . 39033 1739 1 By by IN 39033 1739 2 the the DT 39033 1739 3 Rev. Rev. NNP 39033 1740 1 J. J. NNP 39033 1740 2 F. F. NNP 39033 1740 3 TWISDEN TWISDEN NNP 39033 1740 4 . . . 39033 1741 1 With with IN 39033 1741 2 172 172 CD 39033 1741 3 Examples Examples NNPS 39033 1741 4 , , , 39033 1741 5 numerous numerous JJ 39033 1741 6 Exercises exercise NNS 39033 1741 7 , , , 39033 1741 8 and and CC 39033 1741 9 154 154 CD 39033 1741 10 Diagrams diagram NNS 39033 1741 11 . . . 39033 1742 1 Crown Crown NNP 39033 1742 2 8vo 8vo NNP 39033 1742 3 . . . 39033 1743 1 8_s 8_s LS 39033 1743 2 . . . 39033 1743 3 _ _ NNP 39033 1743 4 6_d 6_d CD 39033 1743 5 . . . 39033 1743 6 _ _ NNP 39033 1743 7 LESSONS LESSONS NNP 39033 1743 8 in in IN 39033 1743 9 ELEMENTARY ELEMENTARY NNP 39033 1743 10 MECHANICS MECHANICS NNP 39033 1743 11 . . . 39033 1744 1 By by IN 39033 1744 2 W. W. NNP 39033 1744 3 H. H. NNP 39033 1744 4 GRIEVE GRIEVE NNP 39033 1744 5 , , , 39033 1744 6 Demonstrator Demonstrator NNP 39033 1744 7 in in IN 39033 1744 8 Mechanics Mechanics NNP 39033 1744 9 to to IN 39033 1744 10 the the DT 39033 1744 11 London London NNP 39033 1744 12 School School NNP 39033 1744 13 Board Board NNP 39033 1744 14 . . . 39033 1745 1 Fully fully RB 39033 1745 2 Illustrated Illustrated NNP 39033 1745 3 . . . 39033 1746 1 Stage stage NN 39033 1746 2 III iii CD 39033 1746 3 . . . 39033 1747 1 Fcp Fcp NNP 39033 1747 2 . . . 39033 1748 1 8vo 8vo NNP 39033 1748 2 . . . 39033 1749 1 1_s 1_s LS 39033 1749 2 . . . 39033 1749 3 _ _ NNP 39033 1749 4 6_d 6_d CD 39033 1749 5 . . . 39033 1749 6 _ _ NNP 39033 1749 7 Stage Stage NNP 39033 1749 8 II II NNP 39033 1749 9 . . . 39033 1750 1 1_s 1_s LS 39033 1750 2 . . . 39033 1750 3 _ _ NNP 39033 1750 4 6_d 6_d CD 39033 1750 5 . . . 39033 1750 6 _ _ NNP 39033 1750 7 Stage Stage NNP 39033 1750 8 I. I. NNP 39033 1751 1 1_s 1_s LS 39033 1751 2 . . . 39033 1751 3 _ _ NNP 39033 1751 4 6_d 6_d CD 39033 1751 5 . . . 39033 1751 6 _ _ NNP 39033 1751 7 EXPERIMENTAL EXPERIMENTAL NNP 39033 1751 8 CHEMISTRY CHEMISTRY NNP 39033 1751 9 for for IN 39033 1751 10 Junior Junior NNP 39033 1751 11 Students Students NNP 39033 1751 12 . . . 39033 1752 1 By by IN 39033 1752 2 J. J. NNP 39033 1752 3 EMERSON EMERSON NNP 39033 1752 4 REYNOLDS REYNOLDS NNP 39033 1752 5 , , , 39033 1752 6 M.D. M.D. NNP 39033 1753 1 F.R.S. F.R.S. NNP 39033 1754 1 Professor Professor NNP 39033 1754 2 of of IN 39033 1754 3 Chemistry Chemistry NNP 39033 1754 4 , , , 39033 1754 5 University University NNP 39033 1754 6 Dublin Dublin NNP 39033 1754 7 . . . 39033 1755 1 Fcp Fcp NNP 39033 1755 2 . . . 39033 1756 1 8vo 8vo NNP 39033 1756 2 . . . 39033 1757 1 with with IN 39033 1757 2 numerous numerous JJ 39033 1757 3 Woodcuts woodcut NNS 39033 1757 4 . . . 39033 1758 1 PART PART NNP 39033 1758 2 I. I. NNP 39033 1759 1 INTRODUCTORY INTRODUCTORY NNP 39033 1759 2 . . . 39033 1760 1 1_s 1_s LS 39033 1760 2 . . . 39033 1760 3 _ _ NNP 39033 1760 4 6_d 6_d CD 39033 1760 5 . . . 39033 1760 6 _ _ NNP 39033 1760 7 PART PART NNP 39033 1760 8 II II NNP 39033 1760 9 . . . 39033 1761 1 NON NON NNP 39033 1761 2 - - NNS 39033 1761 3 METALS metal NNS 39033 1761 4 . . . 39033 1762 1 2_s 2_s LS 39033 1762 2 . . . 39033 1762 3 _ _ NNP 39033 1762 4 6_d 6_d CD 39033 1762 5 . . . 39033 1762 6 _ _ NNP 39033 1762 7 PART PART NNP 39033 1762 8 III III NNP 39033 1762 9 . . . 39033 1763 1 METALS metal NNS 39033 1763 2 AND and CC 39033 1763 3 ALLIED allied NN 39033 1763 4 BODIES body NNS 39033 1763 5 . . . 39033 1764 1 3_s 3_s LS 39033 1764 2 . . . 39033 1764 3 _ _ NNP 39033 1764 4 6_d 6_d CD 39033 1764 5 . . . 39033 1764 6 _ _ NNP 39033 1764 7 PART PART NNP 39033 1764 8 IV IV NNP 39033 1764 9 . . . 39033 1765 1 CARBON carbon NN 39033 1765 2 COMPOUNDS compound NNS 39033 1765 3 . . . 39033 1766 1 4_s 4_s LS 39033 1766 2 . . . 39033 1766 3 _ _ NNP 39033 1766 4 London London NNP 39033 1766 5 : : : 39033 1766 6 LONGMANS LONGMANS NNP 39033 1766 7 , , , 39033 1766 8 GREEN GREEN NNP 39033 1766 9 , , , 39033 1766 10 & & CC 39033 1766 11 CO CO NNP 39033 1766 12 . . . 39033 1766 13 LONGMANS LONGMANS NNP 39033 1766 14 ' ' POS 39033 1766 15 ELEMENTARY ELEMENTARY NNP 39033 1766 16 SCIENCE SCIENCE NNP 39033 1766 17 MANUALS manual NNS 39033 1766 18 , , , 39033 1766 19 _ _ NNP 39033 1766 20 Written Written NNP 39033 1766 21 specially specially RB 39033 1766 22 to to TO 39033 1766 23 meet meet VB 39033 1766 24 the the DT 39033 1766 25 requirements requirement NNS 39033 1766 26 of of IN 39033 1766 27 the the DT 39033 1766 28 Elementary Elementary NNP 39033 1766 29 Stage Stage NNP 39033 1766 30 of of IN 39033 1766 31 Science Science NNP 39033 1766 32 Subjects Subjects NNP 39033 1766 33 as as IN 39033 1766 34 laid lay VBN 39033 1766 35 down down RP 39033 1766 36 in in IN 39033 1766 37 the the DT 39033 1766 38 Syllabus Syllabus NNP 39033 1766 39 of of IN 39033 1766 40 the the DT 39033 1766 41 Directory Directory NNP 39033 1766 42 of of IN 39033 1766 43 the the DT 39033 1766 44 Science Science NNP 39033 1766 45 and and CC 39033 1766 46 Art Art NNP 39033 1766 47 Department Department NNP 39033 1766 48 , , , 39033 1766 49 South South NNP 39033 1766 50 Kensington Kensington NNP 39033 1766 51 . . . 39033 1766 52 _ _ NNP 39033 1766 53 SOUND SOUND NNP 39033 1766 54 , , , 39033 1766 55 LIGHT LIGHT NNP 39033 1766 56 , , , 39033 1766 57 and and CC 39033 1766 58 HEAT HEAT NNP 39033 1766 59 . . . 39033 1767 1 By by IN 39033 1767 2 MARK MARK NNP 39033 1767 3 R. R. NNP 39033 1767 4 WRIGHT WRIGHT NNP 39033 1767 5 ( ( -LRB- 39033 1767 6 Hon hon UH 39033 1767 7 . . . 39033 1768 1 Inter Inter NNP 39033 1768 2 . . . 39033 1769 1 B.Sc B.Sc NNP 39033 1769 2 . . . 39033 1770 1 London London NNP 39033 1770 2 ) ) -RRB- 39033 1770 3 . . . 39033 1771 1 With with IN 39033 1771 2 160 160 CD 39033 1771 3 Illustrations Illustrations NNPS 39033 1771 4 . . . 39033 1772 1 Crown Crown NNP 39033 1772 2 8vo 8vo NNP 39033 1772 3 . . . 39033 1773 1 2_s 2_s LS 39033 1773 2 . . . 39033 1773 3 _ _ NNP 39033 1773 4 6_d 6_d CD 39033 1773 5 . . . 39033 1773 6 _ _ NNP 39033 1773 7 An an DT 39033 1773 8 INTRODUCTION introduction NN 39033 1773 9 to to IN 39033 1773 10 MACHINE machine NN 39033 1773 11 DRAWING drawing NN 39033 1773 12 and and CC 39033 1773 13 DESIGN design NN 39033 1773 14 . . . 39033 1774 1 By by IN 39033 1774 2 DAVID DAVID NNP 39033 1774 3 ALLAN ALLAN NNP 39033 1774 4 LOW LOW NNP 39033 1774 5 . . . 39033 1775 1 With with IN 39033 1775 2 65 65 CD 39033 1775 3 Illustrations illustration NNS 39033 1775 4 . . . 39033 1776 1 Crown Crown NNP 39033 1776 2 8vo 8vo NNP 39033 1776 3 . . . 39033 1777 1 2_s 2_s LS 39033 1777 2 . . . 39033 1777 3 _ _ NNP 39033 1777 4 TEXT TEXT NNP 39033 1777 5 - - HYPH 39033 1777 6 BOOK BOOK NNP 39033 1777 7 on on IN 39033 1777 8 PRACTICAL practical NN 39033 1777 9 SOLID solid NN 39033 1777 10 or or CC 39033 1777 11 DESCRIPTIVE descriptive NN 39033 1777 12 GEOMETRY GEOMETRY NNP 39033 1777 13 . . . 39033 1778 1 By by IN 39033 1778 2 DAVID DAVID NNP 39033 1778 3 ALLAN ALLAN NNP 39033 1778 4 LOW LOW NNP 39033 1778 5 . . . 39033 1779 1 Part part NN 39033 1779 2 . . . 39033 1780 1 I. I. NNP 39033 1781 1 2_s 2_s LS 39033 1781 2 . . . 39033 1781 3 _ _ NNP 39033 1781 4 Part Part NNP 39033 1781 5 II II NNP 39033 1781 6 . . . 39033 1782 1 3_s 3_s LS 39033 1782 2 . . . 39033 1782 3 _ _ NNP 39033 1782 4 ELEMENTARY ELEMENTARY NNP 39033 1782 5 PHYSIOGRAPHY PHYSIOGRAPHY NNP 39033 1782 6 . . . 39033 1783 1 By by IN 39033 1783 2 J. J. NNP 39033 1783 3 THORNTON THORNTON NNP 39033 1783 4 , , , 39033 1783 5 M.A. M.A. NNP 39033 1784 1 With with IN 39033 1784 2 10 10 CD 39033 1784 3 Maps map NNS 39033 1784 4 and and CC 39033 1784 5 150 150 CD 39033 1784 6 Illustrations illustration NNS 39033 1784 7 . . . 39033 1785 1 Crown Crown NNP 39033 1785 2 8vo 8vo NNP 39033 1785 3 . . . 39033 1786 1 2_s 2_s LS 39033 1786 2 . . . 39033 1786 3 _ _ NNP 39033 1786 4 6_d 6_d CD 39033 1786 5 . . . 39033 1786 6 _ _ NNP 39033 1786 7 A a DT 39033 1786 8 MANUAL MANUAL NNP 39033 1786 9 of of IN 39033 1786 10 MECHANICS MECHANICS NNP 39033 1786 11 : : : 39033 1786 12 an an DT 39033 1786 13 Elementary Elementary NNP 39033 1786 14 Text Text NNP 39033 1786 15 - - HYPH 39033 1786 16 Book Book NNP 39033 1786 17 for for IN 39033 1786 18 Students student NNS 39033 1786 19 of of IN 39033 1786 20 Applied Applied NNP 39033 1786 21 Mechanics Mechanics NNPS 39033 1786 22 . . . 39033 1787 1 With with IN 39033 1787 2 138 138 CD 39033 1787 3 Illustrations Illustrations NNPS 39033 1787 4 and and CC 39033 1787 5 Diagrams diagram NNS 39033 1787 6 , , , 39033 1787 7 and and CC 39033 1787 8 188 188 CD 39033 1787 9 Examples Examples NNPS 39033 1787 10 taken take VBN 39033 1787 11 from from IN 39033 1787 12 the the DT 39033 1787 13 Science Science NNP 39033 1787 14 Department Department NNP 39033 1787 15 Examination Examination NNP 39033 1787 16 Papers Papers NNPS 39033 1787 17 , , , 39033 1787 18 with with IN 39033 1787 19 Answers answer NNS 39033 1787 20 . . . 39033 1788 1 By by IN 39033 1788 2 T. T. NNP 39033 1788 3 M. M. NNP 39033 1788 4 GOODEVE GOODEVE NNP 39033 1788 5 , , , 39033 1788 6 M.A. M.A. NNP 39033 1789 1 Fcp Fcp NNP 39033 1789 2 . . . 39033 1790 1 8vo 8vo NNP 39033 1790 2 . . . 39033 1791 1 2_s 2_s LS 39033 1791 2 . . . 39033 1791 3 _ _ NNP 39033 1791 4 6_d 6_d CD 39033 1791 5 . . . 39033 1791 6 _ _ NNP 39033 1791 7 INORGANIC INORGANIC NNP 39033 1791 8 CHEMISTRY CHEMISTRY NNP 39033 1791 9 , , , 39033 1791 10 THEORETICAL THEORETICAL NNP 39033 1791 11 and and CC 39033 1791 12 PRACTICAL PRACTICAL NNP 39033 1791 13 . . . 39033 1792 1 With with IN 39033 1792 2 an an DT 39033 1792 3 Introduction introduction NN 39033 1792 4 to to IN 39033 1792 5 the the DT 39033 1792 6 Principles Principles NNPS 39033 1792 7 of of IN 39033 1792 8 Chemical Chemical NNP 39033 1792 9 Analysis Analysis NNP 39033 1792 10 . . . 39033 1793 1 By by IN 39033 1793 2 WILLIAM WILLIAM NNP 39033 1793 3 JAGO JAGO NNP 39033 1793 4 . . . 39033 1794 1 With with IN 39033 1794 2 49 49 CD 39033 1794 3 Woodcuts woodcut NNS 39033 1794 4 and and CC 39033 1794 5 Questions Questions NNPS 39033 1794 6 and and CC 39033 1794 7 Exercises Exercises NNPS 39033 1794 8 . . . 39033 1795 1 Fcp Fcp NNP 39033 1795 2 . . . 39033 1796 1 8vo 8vo NNP 39033 1796 2 . . . 39033 1797 1 2_s 2_s LS 39033 1797 2 . . . 39033 1797 3 _ _ NNP 39033 1797 4 6_d 6_d CD 39033 1797 5 . . . 39033 1797 6 _ _ NNP 39033 1797 7 An an DT 39033 1797 8 INTRODUCTION introduction NN 39033 1797 9 to to IN 39033 1797 10 PRACTICAL PRACTICAL NNP 39033 1797 11 INORGANIC INORGANIC NNP 39033 1797 12 CHEMISTRY CHEMISTRY NNP 39033 1797 13 . . . 39033 1798 1 By by IN 39033 1798 2 WILLIAM WILLIAM NNP 39033 1798 3 JAGO JAGO NNP 39033 1798 4 , , , 39033 1798 5 F.C.S. F.C.S. NNP 39033 1799 1 F.I.C. F.I.C. NNP 39033 1800 1 Crown Crown NNP 39033 1800 2 8vo 8vo NNP 39033 1800 3 . . . 39033 1801 1 1_s 1_s LS 39033 1801 2 . . . 39033 1801 3 _ _ NNP 39033 1801 4 6_d 6_d CD 39033 1801 5 . . . 39033 1801 6 _ _ NNP 39033 1801 7 PRACTICAL PRACTICAL NNP 39033 1801 8 CHEMISTRY CHEMISTRY NNP 39033 1801 9 : : : 39033 1801 10 the the DT 39033 1801 11 Principles Principles NNPS 39033 1801 12 of of IN 39033 1801 13 Qualitative qualitative JJ 39033 1801 14 Analysis Analysis NNP 39033 1801 15 . . . 39033 1802 1 By by IN 39033 1802 2 WILLIAM WILLIAM NNP 39033 1802 3 A. A. NNP 39033 1802 4 TILDEN TILDEN NNP 39033 1802 5 , , , 39033 1802 6 D.Sc D.Sc NNP 39033 1802 7 . . . 39033 1803 1 Fcp Fcp NNP 39033 1803 2 . . . 39033 1804 1 8vo 8vo NNP 39033 1804 2 . . . 39033 1805 1 1_s 1_s LS 39033 1805 2 . . . 39033 1805 3 _ _ NNP 39033 1805 4 6_d 6_d CD 39033 1805 5 . . . 39033 1805 6 _ _ NNP 39033 1805 7 ELEMENTARY ELEMENTARY NNP 39033 1805 8 INORGANIC INORGANIC NNP 39033 1805 9 CHEMISTRY CHEMISTRY NNP 39033 1805 10 . . . 39033 1806 1 Alternative alternative JJ 39033 1806 2 Course course NN 39033 1806 3 . . . 39033 1807 1 By by IN 39033 1807 2 W. W. NNP 39033 1807 3 FURNEAUX FURNEAUX NNP 39033 1807 4 , , , 39033 1807 5 F.R.G.S. F.R.G.S. NNP 39033 1808 1 2_s 2_s LS 39033 1808 2 . . . 39033 1808 3 _ _ NNP 39033 1808 4 6_d 6_d CD 39033 1808 5 . . . 39033 1808 6 _ _ NNP 39033 1808 7 ELEMENTARY ELEMENTARY NNP 39033 1808 8 BOTANY BOTANY NNP 39033 1808 9 , , , 39033 1808 10 THEORETICAL THEORETICAL NNP 39033 1808 11 and and CC 39033 1808 12 PRACTICAL practical NN 39033 1808 13 . . . 39033 1809 1 By by IN 39033 1809 2 HENRY HENRY NNP 39033 1809 3 EDMONDS edmond NNS 39033 1809 4 , , , 39033 1809 5 B.Sc B.Sc NNP 39033 1809 6 . . . 39033 1810 1 London London NNP 39033 1810 2 . . . 39033 1811 1 With with IN 39033 1811 2 319 319 CD 39033 1811 3 Woodcuts woodcut NNS 39033 1811 4 . . . 39033 1812 1 Cr Cr NNP 39033 1812 2 . . . 39033 1813 1 8vo 8vo NNP 39033 1813 2 2_s 2_s CD 39033 1813 3 . . . 39033 1813 4 _ _ NNP 39033 1813 5 6_d 6_d CD 39033 1813 6 . . . 39033 1813 7 _ _ NNP 39033 1813 8 An An NNP 39033 1813 9 ELEMENTARY ELEMENTARY NNP 39033 1813 10 COURSE course NN 39033 1813 11 of of IN 39033 1813 12 MATHEMATICS mathematic NNS 39033 1813 13 . . . 39033 1814 1 Specially specially RB 39033 1814 2 adapted adapt VBN 39033 1814 3 to to IN 39033 1814 4 the the DT 39033 1814 5 requirements requirement NNS 39033 1814 6 of of IN 39033 1814 7 the the DT 39033 1814 8 Science Science NNP 39033 1814 9 and and CC 39033 1814 10 Art Art NNP 39033 1814 11 Department Department NNP 39033 1814 12 . . . 39033 1815 1 Crown Crown NNP 39033 1815 2 8vo 8vo NNP 39033 1815 3 . . . 39033 1816 1 2_s 2_s LS 39033 1816 2 . . . 39033 1816 3 _ _ NNP 39033 1816 4 6_d 6_d CD 39033 1816 5 . . . 39033 1816 6 _ _ NNP 39033 1816 7 BUILDING BUILDING NNP 39033 1816 8 CONSTRUCTION CONSTRUCTION NNP 39033 1816 9 . . . 39033 1817 1 By by IN 39033 1817 2 EDWARD EDWARD NNP 39033 1817 3 J. J. NNP 39033 1817 4 BURRELL BURRELL NNP 39033 1817 5 , , , 39033 1817 6 Teacher teacher NN 39033 1817 7 of of IN 39033 1817 8 Building Building NNP 39033 1817 9 Construction Construction NNP 39033 1817 10 at at IN 39033 1817 11 the the DT 39033 1817 12 Technical Technical NNP 39033 1817 13 School School NNP 39033 1817 14 of of IN 39033 1817 15 the the DT 39033 1817 16 People People NNPS 39033 1817 17 's 's POS 39033 1817 18 Palace Palace NNP 39033 1817 19 , , , 39033 1817 20 Mile Mile NNP 39033 1817 21 End End NNP 39033 1817 22 . . . 39033 1818 1 With with IN 39033 1818 2 308 308 CD 39033 1818 3 Illustrations Illustrations NNPS 39033 1818 4 , , , 39033 1818 5 & & CC 39033 1818 6 c. c. NNP 39033 1818 7 Crown Crown NNP 39033 1818 8 8vo 8vo NNP 39033 1818 9 . . . 39033 1819 1 2_s 2_s LS 39033 1819 2 . . . 39033 1819 3 _ _ NNP 39033 1819 4 6_d 6_d CD 39033 1819 5 . . . 39033 1819 6 _ _ NNP 39033 1819 7 THEORETICAL THEORETICAL NNP 39033 1819 8 MECHANICS MECHANICS NNP 39033 1819 9 . . . 39033 1820 1 BY by IN 39033 1820 2 J. J. NNP 39033 1820 3 EDWARD EDWARD NNP 39033 1820 4 TAYLOR TAYLOR NNP 39033 1820 5 , , , 39033 1820 6 M.A. M.A. NNP 39033 1821 1 Lond Lond NNP 39033 1821 2 , , , 39033 1821 3 With with IN 39033 1821 4 175 175 CD 39033 1821 5 Illustrations Illustrations NNPS 39033 1821 6 and and CC 39033 1821 7 Examples Examples NNPS 39033 1821 8 and and CC 39033 1821 9 Answers Answers NNPS 39033 1821 10 . . . 39033 1822 1 Cr Cr NNP 39033 1822 2 . . . 39033 1823 1 8vo 8vo NNP 39033 1823 2 . . . 39033 1824 1 2_s 2_s LS 39033 1824 2 . . . 39033 1824 3 _ _ NNP 39033 1824 4 6_d 6_d CD 39033 1824 5 . . . 39033 1824 6 _ _ NNP 39033 1824 7 ANIMAL ANIMAL NNP 39033 1824 8 PHYSIOLOGY PHYSIOLOGY NNP 39033 1824 9 . . . 39033 1825 1 By by IN 39033 1825 2 WILLIAM WILLIAM NNP 39033 1825 3 S. S. NNP 39033 1825 4 FURNEAUX FURNEAUX NNP 39033 1825 5 , , , 39033 1825 6 Special Special NNP 39033 1825 7 Science Science NNP 39033 1825 8 Teacher Teacher NNP 39033 1825 9 , , , 39033 1825 10 London London NNP 39033 1825 11 School School NNP 39033 1825 12 Board Board NNP 39033 1825 13 . . . 39033 1826 1 With with IN 39033 1826 2 218 218 CD 39033 1826 3 Illustrations illustration NNS 39033 1826 4 . . . 39033 1827 1 Crown Crown NNP 39033 1827 2 8vo 8vo NNP 39033 1827 3 . . . 39033 1828 1 2_s 2_s LS 39033 1828 2 . . . 39033 1828 3 _ _ NNP 39033 1828 4 6_d 6_d CD 39033 1828 5 . . . 39033 1828 6 _ _ NNP 39033 1828 7 MAGNETISM MAGNETISM NNP 39033 1828 8 and and CC 39033 1828 9 ELECTRICITY ELECTRICITY NNP 39033 1828 10 . . . 39033 1829 1 By by IN 39033 1829 2 A.W. A.W. NNP 39033 1830 1 POYSER POYSER NNP 39033 1830 2 , , , 39033 1830 3 M.A. M.A. NNP 39033 1831 1 With with IN 39033 1831 2 235 235 CD 39033 1831 3 Illustrations illustration NNS 39033 1831 4 . . . 39033 1832 1 Crown Crown NNP 39033 1832 2 8vo 8vo NNP 39033 1832 3 . . . 39033 1833 1 2_s 2_s LS 39033 1833 2 . . . 39033 1833 3 _ _ NNP 39033 1833 4 6_d 6_d CD 39033 1833 5 . . . 39033 1833 6 _ _ NNP 39033 1833 7 STEAM STEAM NNP 39033 1833 8 . . . 39033 1834 1 By by IN 39033 1834 2 WILLIAM WILLIAM NNP 39033 1834 3 RIPPER RIPPER NNP 39033 1834 4 , , , 39033 1834 5 Member Member NNP 39033 1834 6 of of IN 39033 1834 7 the the DT 39033 1834 8 Institution Institution NNP 39033 1834 9 of of IN 39033 1834 10 Mechanical Mechanical NNP 39033 1834 11 Engineers Engineers NNPS 39033 1834 12 . . . 39033 1835 1 With with IN 39033 1835 2 142 142 CD 39033 1835 3 Illustrations Illustrations NNPS 39033 1835 4 . . . 39033 1836 1 Crown Crown NNP 39033 1836 2 8vo 8vo NNP 39033 1836 3 . . . 39033 1837 1 2_s 2_s LS 39033 1837 2 . . . 39033 1837 3 _ _ NNP 39033 1837 4 6_d 6_d CD 39033 1837 5 . . . 39033 1837 6 _ _ NNP 39033 1837 7 PHYSICS PHYSICS NNP 39033 1837 8 : : : 39033 1837 9 Alternative alternative JJ 39033 1837 10 Course course NN 39033 1837 11 . . . 39033 1838 1 By by IN 39033 1838 2 MARK MARK NNP 39033 1838 3 R. R. NNP 39033 1838 4 WRIGHT WRIGHT NNP 39033 1838 5 . . . 39033 1839 1 With with IN 39033 1839 2 242 242 CD 39033 1839 3 Illustrations illustration NNS 39033 1839 4 . . . 39033 1840 1 Crown Crown NNP 39033 1840 2 8vo 8vo NNP 39033 1840 3 . . . 39033 1841 1 2_s 2_s LS 39033 1841 2 . . . 39033 1841 3 _ _ NNP 39033 1841 4 6_d 6_d CD 39033 1841 5 . . . 39033 1841 6 _ _ NNP 39033 1841 7 London London NNP 39033 1841 8 : : : 39033 1841 9 LONGMANS LONGMANS NNP 39033 1841 10 , , , 39033 1841 11 GREEN GREEN NNP 39033 1841 12 , , , 39033 1841 13 & & CC 39033 1841 14 CO CO NNP 39033 1841 15 . . . 39033 1841 16 TRANSCRIBER TRANSCRIBER NNP 39033 1841 17 'S be VBZ 39033 1841 18 NOTES note NNS 39033 1841 19 1 1 CD 39033 1841 20 . . . 39033 1842 1 Passages passage NNS 39033 1842 2 in in IN 39033 1842 3 italics italic NNS 39033 1842 4 are be VBP 39033 1842 5 surrounded surround VBN 39033 1842 6 by by IN 39033 1842 7 _ _ NNP 39033 1842 8 underscores underscore VBZ 39033 1842 9 _ _ NNP 39033 1842 10 . . . 39033 1843 1 2 2 LS 39033 1843 2 . . . 39033 1844 1 Mixed mixed JJ 39033 1844 2 fractions fraction NNS 39033 1844 3 are be VBP 39033 1844 4 represented represent VBN 39033 1844 5 using use VBG 39033 1844 6 hyphen hyphen NN 39033 1844 7 and and CC 39033 1844 8 forward forward RB 39033 1844 9 slash slash VB 39033 1844 10 . . . 39033 1845 1 For for IN 39033 1845 2 instance instance NN 39033 1845 3 , , , 39033 1845 4 five five CD 39033 1845 5 and and CC 39033 1845 6 a a DT 39033 1845 7 half half NN 39033 1845 8 is be VBZ 39033 1845 9 shown show VBN 39033 1845 10 as as IN 39033 1845 11 5 5 CD 39033 1845 12 - - SYM 39033 1845 13 1/2 1/2 CD 39033 1845 14 . . . 39033 1846 1 3 3 LS 39033 1846 2 . . . 39033 1847 1 Obvious obvious JJ 39033 1847 2 misprints misprint NNS 39033 1847 3 in in IN 39033 1847 4 spelling spelling NN 39033 1847 5 and and CC 39033 1847 6 punctuation punctuation NN 39033 1847 7 have have VBP 39033 1847 8 been be VBN 39033 1847 9 silently silently RB 39033 1847 10 corrected correct VBN 39033 1847 11 . . .