Distant Reader - subject-martyrs-freebo

Introduction

This is a Distant Reader "study carrel", a set of structured data intended to help the student, researcher, or scholar use & understand a corpus.

This study carrel was created on 2021-05-24 by Eric Morgan <emorgan@nd.edu>. The carrel was created using the Distant Reader zip2carrel process, and the input was a Zip file locally cached with the name input-file.zip. Documents in the Zip file have been saved in a cache, and each of them have been transformed & saved as a set of plain text files. All of the analysis -- "reading" -- has been done against these plain text files. For example, a short narrative report has been created. This Web page is a more verbose version of that report.

All study carrels are self-contained -- no Internet connection is necessary to use them. Download this carrel for offline reading. The carrel is made up of many subdirectories and data files. The manifest describes each one in greater detail.

Size

There are 9 item(s) in this carrel, and this carrel is 551,726 words long. Each item in your study carrel is, on average, 61,302 words long. If you dig deeper, then you might want to save yourself some time by reading a shorter item. On the other hand, if your desire is for more detail, then you might consider reading a longer item. The following charts illustrate the overall size of the carrel.

Readability

On a scale from 0 to 100, where 0 is very difficult and 100 is very easy, the documents have an average readability score of 93. Consequently, if you want to read something more simplistic, then consider a document with a higher score. If you want something more specialized, then consider something with a lower score. The following charts illustrate the overall readability of the carrel.

Word Frequencies

By merely counting & tabulating the frequency of individual words or phrases, you can begin to get an understanding of the carrel's "aboutness". Excluding "stop words", some of the more frequent words include:

god, one, great, lord, will, time, death, many, yet, christ, made, man, much, men, also, shall, now, king, good, life, people, first, came, church, others, two, may, place, might, us, day, last, fire, make, religion, come, brought, put, went, sent, see, another, mr, gods, well, faith, never, things, without, city

Using the three most frequent words, the three files containing all of those words the most are A generall martyrologie containing a collection of all the greatest persecutions which have befallen the church of Christ from the creation to our present times, both in England and other nations : whereunto are added two and twenty lives of English modern divines ... : as also the life of the heroical Admiral of France slain in the partisan massacre and of Joane Queen of Navar poisoned a little before / by Sa. Clarke., A new martyrology, or, The bloody assizes now exactly methodizing in one volume comprehending a compleat history of the lives, actions, trials, sufferings, dying speeches, letters, and prayers of all those eminent Protestants who fell in the west of England and elsewhere from the year 1678 ... : with an alphabetical table ... / written by Thomas Pitts., and Martyrologia alphabetikē, or, An alphabetical martyrology containing the tryals and dying expressions of many martyrs of note since Christ : extracted out of Foxe''s Acts and monuments of the church : with an alphabetical list of God''s judgements remarkably shown on many noted and cruel persecutors : together with an appendix of things pertinent to martyrology by N.T., M.A.T.C.C. [i.e. Master of Arts Trinity College Cambridge].

The most frequent two-word phrases (bigrams) include:

jesus christ, roman non, thebean legion, next day, anno christi, years old, poor people, lord jesus, foxes acts, thebean souldiers, every one, mean time, god will, special providence, protestant religion, la torre, let us, young man, english books, early english, pleased god, one another, lord russel, brought forth, chief justice, two hundred, many others, earl simon, lord chief, three hundred, gods mercy, last speech, books online, popish malice, great number, one hundred, old man, long time, right hand, may see, king henry, gods grace, one day, suffered martyrdom, earl remund, romish church, popish subtilty, great deal, hundred years, gods judgement

And the three file that use all of the three most frequent phrases are A table of the X. first persecutions of the primitiue time of Tiberius, vnto Constantinus Emperour The Protestant Martyrs: or, The bloody assizes Giving an account of the lives, tryals, and dying speeches, of all those eminent Protestants that suffered in the west of England, by the sentence of that bloody and cruel Judge Jefferies; being in all 251 persons, besides what were hang''d and destroyed in cold blood. Containing also, the life and death of James Duke of Monmouth; his birth and education; his actions both at home and abroad; his unfortunate sentence, execution and dying-words upon the scaffold: with a true copy of the paper he left behind him. And many other curious remarks worth the reader''s observation., and A new martyrology, or, The bloody assizes now exactly methodizing in one volume comprehending a compleat history of the lives, actions, trials, sufferings, dying speeches, letters, and prayers of all those eminent Protestants who fell in the west of England and elsewhere from the year 1678 ... : with an alphabetical table ... / written by Thomas Pitts..

While often deemed superficial or sophomoric, rudimentary frequencies and their associated "word clouds" can be quite insightful:

Keywords

Sets of keywords -- statistically significant words -- can be enumerated by comparing the relative frequency of words with the number of times the words appear in an entire corpus. Some of the most statistically significant keywords in the carrel include:

god, lord, father, tcp, martyrs, king, church, bishop, religion, gospel, duke, christians, christ, world, town, souldiers, soul, saints, popish, pope, persecution, people, monmouth, martyrdom, john, emperour, death, city, children, army, acts, year, worship, word, wife, west, waldenses, vol, valley, trial, thy, thebean, temple, stake, st., spirit, speech, son, sentence, scriptures

And now word clouds really begin to shine:

Topic Modeling

Topic modeling is another popular approach to connoting the aboutness of a corpus. If the study carrel could be summed up in a single word, then that word might be god, and An historical dissertation upon the Thebean Legion plainly proving it to be fabulous / by John Dubourdieu ... is most about that word.

If the study carrel could be summed up in three words ("topics") then those words and their significantly associated titles include:

If the study carrel could be summed up in five topics, and each topic were each denoted with three words, then those topics and their most significantly associated files would be:

Moreover, the totality of the study carrel's aboutness, can be visualized with the following pie chart:

Noun & Verbs

Through an analysis of your study carrel's parts-of-speech, you are able to answer question beyonds aboutness. For example, a list of the most frequent nouns helps you answer what questions; "What is discussed in this collection?":

time, death, man, others, people, men, p., life, place, day, fire, t, things, years, way, body, hands, enemies, prison, truth, faith, children, thing, nothing, blood, rest, religion, souldiers, hand, torments, name, part, end, manner, self, heart, words, places, none, execution, ▪, cause, night, reason, divers, persecution, mercy, soul, persons, saints

An enumeration of the verbs helps you learn what actions take place in a text or what the things in the text do. Very frequently, the most common lemmatized verbs are "be", "have", and "do"; the more interesting verbs usually occur further down the list of frequencies:

was, be, were, is, had, have, being, said, did, are, made, been, do, came, having, make, come, brought, put, went, sent, see, am, called, set, taken, give, let, burnt, found, say, took, done, take, go, condemned, burned, suffer, die, know, saying, suffered, gave, answered, cast, caused, given, pray, fell, seeing

Proper Nouns

An extraction of proper nouns helps you determine the names of people and places in your study carrel.

god, lord, christ, king, church, c., thou, mr., 〉, ◊, christians, bishop, vol, 〈, city, john, father, st., gods, duke, protestants, ●, army, martyrs, jesus, martyrdom, world, hath, religion, anno, heaven, christian, pope, earl, legion, gospel, minister, france, rome, england, persecution, yea, emperour, sir, william, men, life, acts, de, protestant

An analysis of personal pronouns enables you to answer at least two questions: 1) "What, if any, is the overall gender of my study carrel?", and 2) "To what degree are the texts in my study carrel self-centered versus inclusive?"

he, his, they, him, their, it, them, i, my, you, we, her, me, our, your, she, himself, us, themselves, thy, ''em, thee, its, one, theirs, ye, em, mine, ''s, yours, ours, us''d, whereof, vp, hee, dy''d, ●, vnto, thou, shou''d, s, itself, herself, hers, à, yee, whosoever, vvith, twou''d, there

Below are words cloud of your study carrel's proper & personal pronouns.

Adjectives & Verbs

Learning about a corpus's adjectives and adverbs helps you answer how questions: "How are things described and how are things done?" An analysis of adjectives and adverbs also points to a corpus's overall sentiment. "In general, is my study carrel positive or negative?"

great, many, other, such, good, same, own, more, last, much, poor, little, first, true, old, popish, several, godly, whole, most, dead, next, present, very, young, few, cruel, new, able, least, better, holy, roman, best, ready, non, worthy, -, long, full, former, certain, wicked, high, second, greatest, naked, guilty, greater, dear

not, so, then, up, also, now, out, very, more, as, there, only, much, most, never, yet, down, therefore, well, again, first, together, thus, away, off, ever, here, afterwards, long, presently, forth, in, before, too, rather, even, about, all, still, far, soon, especially, often, almost, indeed, over, just, no, on, back

Next steps

There is much more to a study carrel than the things outlined above. Use this page's menubar to navigate and explore in more detail. There you will find additional features & functions including: ngrams, parts-of-speech, grammars, named entities, topic modeling, a simple search interface, etc.

Again, study carrels are self-contained. Download this carrel for offline viewing and use.

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